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THE UNIVERSITY
OF ILLINOIS
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LIBRARY “thee
ed OF THE | nae ¥
a UNIVERSITY GF ILE
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate I
WILLIAM V. KELLEY
A Trustee of the Museum and Patron of the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts
Expedition to Eastern Asia of 1928-29
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
FOUNDED BY MARSHALL FIELD, 1893
PUBLICATION 3806
REPORT SERIES Vou.-1x, No, 1
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE
DIRECTOR
TO THE
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR 1981
THE LIBRARY OF THE
MAY 18 1932
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.
fw A \
ys A & HI aoelo >) *
CHICAGO, U. S. A.
JANUARY, 1932
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS
BEQUESTS
Bequests to Field Museum of Natural History may be made in
securities, money, books or collections. They may, if desired, take
the form of a memorial to a person or cause, to be named by the
giver. For those desirous of making bequests to the Museum, the
following form is suggested:
FORM OF BEQUEST
I do hereby give and bequeath to Field Museum of Natural
History of the City of Chicago, State of Illinois,
Cash contributions made within the taxable year to Field
Museum of Natural History to an amount not in excess of
15 per cent of the taxpayer’s net income are allowable as deduc-
tions in computing net income under Article 251 of Regula-
tion 69 relating to the income tax under the Revenue Act of
1926.
Endowmenis may be made to the Museum with the pro-
vision that an annuity be paid to the patron during his or
her lifetime. These annuities are tax-free and are guaranteed
against fluctuation in amount.
944028
CONTENTS
PAGE
8 TE] 5 SINTRA SS on US UA UV na an 7
NIRS CeO hi da teaueathen (alist bo utenibe Marae C HL ge 's 8
earned Committees 26) 3) ie. hs Chee wy ea 9
Former Members of the Board of Trustees ........ 10
MTR CES 03S) 00 Viv di) cre BLAS eit ia) tot aaa ROMER. Pd Mk 11
go Sarg Tp Rent MEE SA SEY) COa SCs ON OR CAR eA OR o> ae te ee 12
Man NEMe ITECLOM |) cs M Sec UL el aL ON 15
Mmectures and Entertainments 20. 2... SOR 47
James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for
Public School and Children’s Lectures ........ 48
Lecture Tours and Meetingsfor Adults ........ 56
Summary of Attendance at Lectures,ete. ....... 56
Micon of Pirblications: (200 io eee Bee wee 56
11 TIPE TS SA aR ne er TPR eVect 60
Bepeditieons and Research 9.0. ji:{ Go 2d cts je a eh Ye 62
AMLATOPOIOLY 9 ar ee SOS MPS Pu y2
ESTE CLM eh aR CGP UPRIGHT 72
RNB E EH ata ek heat EN ees ei acer ooten, AUNT 93
ARCO Ci rian eee ue woes na eN Es ga Me, ira ea ty 97
oo 2 TEESE CEES AEM a ST aR es ele NT a ON 104
PIA EET Ua CMON LY UNIV ING tee | eae Uta Nd AN ST OMNIA by 104
“SSIDTEES Tia ie A 8 Dey eR ea ress sch
TBETI Ce RR EO AEE et ah Oe 127
ETA VBA GIGI SDA RUA PIE nee Ge eat 134
Departmental Cataloguing, Inventorying and Labeling. . 139
Installations and Rearrangements ........... 143
PAERROPEIO RS AT nan pial Vein teapot eet Murat ian) od \\r iit ae 143
ee iT Ameen a ela Mat neck tals valtia! Gay |e! wl teu 150
em Paani) Pale mia Neneh aetua at on yiaiti a ah, ney reel aMle 160
Mewpulgr are ere Needy basher ans Coe (al ahs Getta Uke Aa NE 170
The N. W. Harris Public School Extension... ..... 174
PRR OSEATEN MO IASCOS Nar tis umn TERS tay ta) Len ea QU 175
Parison or: Pubic lelations se SL ee 176
bse MPO TATIEAINENS ht) ete ney esd aes, By oshalee eben 182
6 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Division of Roentgenology . . =... |. . . 5.2233 183
Divisions of Photography and Illustration ....... 184
Division of Memberships... ....... 328 185
GaRCREEIR re sooo ee doe Se 185
Attendance Statistics and Door Receipts ......... 188
Wmancial Statement... ... . ..... ¢ <a eee 189
Pact, of Accessions .°. 2¢o ». .... .).) 03a 190
Articles of Incorporation .... .\.. 9. 42.90 219
Amended By-Laws ...... .'.. .. 3923293 221
East of Members... . . 2: os 3 eee 226
Benefactors. 9... 2. 2 2 eee 226
Honorary Members .....02455 2. So) 2 226
Patrons... 2. 2. ae 227
Corresponding Members... . 2.2. i 2. eee 227
Contributors . . .- >. Si eee 228
Corporate Members . . =. 266).5 1 2 2S ae 230
lafe Members . 0 2 oi. 0) Sie eee ee 231
Non-Resident Life Members ............. 234
Associate Members 23. 2 ke os sd ee 234
Non-Resident Associate Members ........... 257
Sustainmg Members . . .. 2 5). 2 2) .6000 25 gee 257
Annual Members . .. 2 -6:2:8 Hee ee eee 259
VIII.
LIST OF PLATES
Reliant VOCUO Ye iis es a is re at. 8s
Mae Gate hichara T. Crane) Jr. 0.05 oo ews
Reproduction of an Illinois Mound-Builder’s Grave
Detail of Carboniferous Forest Group ......
Carhonuerous Forest Group 9.9. 6
ONE RTE Le 001 iy Oa eg
Type of Case Loaned to the Schools of Chicago by
the N. W. Harris Public School Extension .. .
Miniature of a Village of the Menangkabau,
BS UBTANPU ESR eo a RSS Gir cron Air te
Detail of Carboniferous Forest Group ......
Restoration of a Group of Titanotheres (Brontops
ORHREIS a. AA he Cec cOw a, Shae pence MSN Reale hg
North American Geese and Swans. .......
Model of a Zapotec Palace at Mitla, Mexico .. .
Detail of Carboniferous Forest Group ......
Mural Painting, Restoration of the Great Horned
Mammal Uintathere and Four-toed Horses
PARTIES Vii ok paver eens et Sit aava tag eet
Reticulated Python, Sumatra. . ... 22°... -
Painted Pottery from Burial Mounds in Arkansas .
Giicea, (ebiscus enculenivs) \ o.oo. 2 ke se
Mounted Skeletons of Fossil South American Ground
SEM SEECRROUOT)) he ee lige ee ae
“TET ON 1s GS SS a SO
Granadilla (Passiflora quadrangularis) ......
Type of Case Loaned to the Schools of Chicago by
the N. W. Harris Public School Extension. . .
“CELTS PEE AP ID IES Ent) Bans ee) Ree a am rR
FACING
PAGE
8 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
BOARD OF TRUSTEES, 1931
JOHN BORDEN
WILLIAM J. CHALMERS
RT CRANE, IRS
MARSHALL FIELD
STANLEY FIELD
ERNEST R. GRAHAM
ALBERT W. HARRIS
SAMUEL INSULL, JR.
WILLIAM V. KELLEY
Cyrus H. McCormick
WILLIAM H. MITCHELL
FREDERICK H. RAWSON
GEORGE A. RICHARDSON
MartTIN A. RYERSON
FRED W. SARGENT
STEPHEN C. SIMMS
JAMES SIMPSON
SOLOMON A. SMITH
ALBERT A. SPRAGUE
SILAS H. STRAWN
WILLIAM WRIGLEY, JR.
* DECEASED
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 9
OFFICERS, 1931
STANLEY FIELD, President
MARTIN A. RYERSON, First Vice-President
ALBERT A. SPRAGUE, Second Vice-President
JAMES SIMPSON, Third Vice-President
STEPHEN C. SIMMS, Secretary
SOLOMON A. SMITH, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary
COMMITTEES
Executive
STANLEY FIELD ALBERT A. SPRAGUE
ALBERT W. HARRIS MARSHALL FIELD
WILLIAM J. CHALMERS JOHN BORDEN
JAMES SIMPSON SILAS H. STRAWN
Finance
ALBERT W. HARRIS JAMES SIMPSON
MARTIN A. RYERSON SOLOMON A. SMITH
FREDERICK H. RAWSON
Building
WILLIAM J. CHALMERS SAMUEL INSULL, JR.
Cyrus H. McCorMIck ERNEST R. GRAHAM
WILLIAM H. MITCHELL
Auditing
JAMES SIMPSON GEORGE A. RICHARDSON
FRED W. SARGENT
Pension
ALBERT A. SPRAGUE WILLIAM V. KELLEY
SOLOMON A. SMITH
10 FreELD MuSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
FORMER MEMBERS OF THE
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
GEORGE HE: ADAMS* 90505 2! 5; Geen ae eee ee 1893-1917
OWEN) FP. ALDIS# 95 9S (eS aiiee aie need ae 1893-1898
ASLISON: V.- ARMOUR, ..-2)))s ose ue cee 1893-1894
EDWARD Bi: AYER? 7c So. eee eee eee 1893-1927
JOHN’ CS BUAGCK ®t a0 aep erecta eee ee ee 1893-1894
M:'C. BUEEOCK® | 00. einer iene he 1893-1894
DANIED He BURNHAM® 97.0055 eee ie ee ee ere 1893-1894
GEORGE: R:- DAVIS # 20.5505 2 Oe Rae 2 ie a eae vee 1893-1899
JAMES W). JSLLSWOR TH? oi) s5 hoe oie mene ee en 1893-1894
CHARLES) BS VARWELL* 20 ee ATHENA, an ML OES
RANK -W. GUNSAULUS = ten icin ea eee 1893-1894, 1918-1921
EMI: Gee HIRSCH 5 (ane a SALES ken . . 1893-1894
CHARLES, i: ELUTCHINSONi ieee mae eee er ee . 1893-1894
JOHN AsVROCHET 5/350) ay aoe meee Pets ore hoe 1893-1894
EIDWINS WALKER i). coh See eaten reel ele cn See 1893-1910
WATSON FS BAIR# Cyaan saat ts . . . 1894-1928
HAREOW NG ELIGINBOTHAN= mei an nee = , 2. % 1894-1909
EDUNTINGTON) We JACKSON et ete en Pane ne 1894-1900
ARTHUR, BE SONES Ts! hfe te ace) cele ee ee nas Bi les . 1894-1927
GEORGE MANIERRE "sie estat, eoarem een ai) eel ey Oeics wave 1894-1924
NORMAN; B DREAM*® 2050 na ae ies me aa ts 1894-1910
NORMAN: WiLLTAMS #875 va See as deinen aie erie atte 1894-1899
MARSHAL EIELD J Ree cn nee wee a a 1899-1905
WREDERICK Jz °V.\SKIBRES aici ey Bee 1902-1921
GEORGE: F. PORTER ©) 0en 2 bea eee ee ee cure 1907-1916
JOHN BARTON: PAYNE 2) 3:53 cosa ee eRe teeta a 1910-1911
CHAUNCEY* KEEP *23). 5/5 2a ae eiaeaee are 5 a eo GTS =1929
PIENRY PIRES 05 Ae hells GO a 1916-1917
LARRY CBs VIDA 3 oats ena anaes 1921-1928
D, ‘Ci aByA Vis F000) Se a le ee ee 1922-1928
CRARUES TI. - MARKHAM?) 3" 0.5) 95 Goa) toe eee an 1924-1930
* DECEASED
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
FORMER OFFICERS
MDVARD SE RAVER os chy set Oeics Pein Suey teria Len ys
PARTLOW UN: CELIGINBOTHAM® ice cd. Suis botlew enya woek vs
Second Vice-Presidents
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NIARSHAGT SPINE D Ret 1) Mone ayia toner scale Wr Rebun
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PRPATCPHOIVERT CAT Wiss te, | eh Wer ee ye a TES et a Bs oa
(ERE e opel 2 PGS 10012) 2k che ne a OP et ea
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* DECEASED
1894-1898
1898-1908
1894-1902
1902-1905
1906-1908
1909-1928
1921-1928
1894
1894-1907
1907-1921
1921-1928
1894-1914
1893-1921
1921-1928
it
12 FreLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
LIST OF STAFF
DIRECTOR
STEPHEN C. SIMMS
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY
BERTHOLD LAUFER, Curator
A. L. KROEBER, Research Associate in American Archaeology
ASSISTANT CURATORS
ALBERT B. LEWIS, Melanesian Ethnology
J. Eric THOMPSON, Central and South American Archaeology
PAUL S. MARTIN, North American Archaeology
W. D. HAMBLY, African Ethnology
HENRY FIELD, Physical Anthropology
T. GEORGE ALLEN, Egyptian Archaeology
JOHN G. PRASUHN, Modeler
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
B. E. DAHLGREN, Acting Curator
PAUL C. STANDLEY, Associate Curator of the Herbarium
J. FRANCIS MACBRIDE, Assistant Curator of Taxonomy
JAMES B. MCNAIR, Assistant Curator of Economic Botany
SAMUEL J. RECORD, Research Associate in Wood Technology
LLEWELYN WILLIAMS, Assistant in Wood Technology
CARL NEUBERTH, Custodian of the Herbarium
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY
OLIVER C. FARRINGTON, Curator
HENRY W. NICHOLS, Associate Curator
ELMER 8. RiGcGs, Associate Curator of Paleontology
SHARAT K. Roy, Assistant Curator of Invertebrate Paleontology
BRYAN PATTERSON, Assistant in Paleontology
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
WILFRED H. OscGoop, Curator
WILLIAM J. GERHARD, Associate Curator of Insects
C. E. HELLMAYR, Associate Curator of Birds
H. B. CONOVER, Associate in Ornithology
ASSISTANT CURATORS
R. MAGOON BARNES, Birds’ Eggs EDMOND N. GUERET, Vertebrate Skeletons
KARL P. ScHmipt, Reptiles CoLIN C. SANBORN, Mammals
ALFRED C. WEED, Fishes RUDYERD BOULTON, Birds
*WALTER A. WEBER, Assistant and Artist
DWIGHT Davis, Assistant in Osteology
Emi. LILJEBLAD, Assistant in Entomology
TAXIDERMISTS
JULIUS FRIESSER C. J. ALBRECHT
L. L. PRAY LEon L. WALTERS
ARTHUR G. RUECKERT ASHLEY HINE
* RESIGNED
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 13
DEPARTMENT OF THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION
CLEVELAND P. GRANT, Acting Curator
A. B. WotcotTt, Assistant Curator
THE LIBRARY
EmILy M. Wiucoxson, Librarian
Mary W. BAKER, Assistant Librarian
REGISTRAR AUDITOR
HENRY F. DITZEL BENJAMIN BRIDGE
ASSISTANT TO THE DIRECTOR
CLIFFORD C. GREGG
RECORDER—IN CHARGE OF PUBLICATION DISTRIBUTION
ELSIE H. THOMAS
PURCHASING AGENT
J. L. JONES
THE JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND FOUNDATION
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND CHILDREN’S LECTURES
MARGARET M. CORNELL, Chief
FRANKLIN C. POTTER JUNE WORK
MIRIAM WoOoD GORDON S. PEARSALL
DIVISION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
H. B. HARTE, in charge
DIVISION OF MEMBERSHIPS
PEARLE BILINSKE, in charge
DIVISION OF PRINTING
Dewey S. DILL, in charge
LILLIAN A. Ross, Editor
DIVISIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION
C. H. CARPENTER, Photographer CARL F. GRONEMANN, Artist
A. A. MILLER, Photogravurist
DIVISION OF ROENTGENOLOGY
ANNA REGINALDA BOLAN, in charge
STAFF ARTIST
CHARLES A. CORWIN
SUPERINTENDENT OF MAINTENANCE
JOHN E. GLYNN
CHIEF ENGINEER
W. H. CoRNING
WILLIAM E. LAKE, Assistant Engineer
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ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
1931
To the Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History:
I have the honor to present a report of the operations of the
Museum for the year ending December 31, 1931.
The most impressive and gratifying fact about the year just
closed is that the increase in attendance which has been noted
annually for several years continued, bringing the total number of
visitors for the twelve months to 1,515,540, a number exceeding by
far any previous record in the history of the institution. This was
the fifth consecutive year in which the number of visitors exceeded
one million. The increase over the 1930 total of 1,332,799 is 182,741,
or approximately 13.5 per cent, and compares with a gain of 164,369
made in 1930 over the preceding year.
While the total attendance increased so notably, the paid admis-
sions decreased from 160,924 in 1930 to 126,209 in 1931, a develop-
ment which undoubtedly may be largely attributed to the depressed
economic conditions which have prevailed during the past year. The
attendance on free days totaled 1,302,508, while the free admissions
on pay days due to the special privileges granted Members, children,
teachers, students, etc., numbered 86,823. Thus the total of free
admissions in 1931 was 1,389,331, or considerably more than the
total of free and paid admissions together in 1930. It is estimated
that more than one-third of the total number of visitors were children.
The highest attendance for any single day during 1931 was on
May 21, when 51,917 visitors were received. This vast number of
people came to the Museum as a result of the fact that Grant Park
was thronged that day with spectators viewing the United States
Army Air Corps parade on the lake front. This attendance was
exceeded on only two previous days in the Museum’s history—
June 20, 1926, when 54,024 visitors were received, and May 24, 1929,
when the number of visitors was 59,8438. On both of these occasions
also there were special attractions in Grant Park which drew large
crowds.
A second unusually large day during 1931 was Sunday, September
6, when 30,068 persons visited the Museum, and in a sense this
attendance is even more gratifying than those of the other big days,
because there were no special events drawing the people to Grant
Park on this day.
15
16 FreLD MusEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
In addition to the visitors received at the Museum, several
hundred thousand children have been reached by the institution’s
educational influence as extended in extra-mural work carried on
in the public schools and elsewhere by two units of the Museum
organization. These are the James Nelson and Anna Louise Ray-
mond Foundation for Public School and Children’s Lectures which,
in addition to providing programs and tours at the Museum itself
for 76,342, reached 227,351 school pupils through lecturers sent out
to address them in their class rooms and assembly halls; and the
Department of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension, which, by
means of traveling exhibition cases displayed in all the public and
many other schools, with changes of subjects every two weeks,
reached approximately 500,000 children over and over again during
the school year. Thus, including both the general attendance (i.e.,
adults as well as children) at the Museum, and the children reached
by the institution’s outside activities, the Museum’s educational
influence reached directly more than 2,240,000 individuals.
It should be considered further that by various other means, such
as the circulation of the publications of the Museum, reports in the
newspapers, radio broadcasting, motion picture newsreels, etc., there
is reached a still wider public on the number of which no calculation
is possible, but which without question is of very large extent, run-
ning into millions.
The second day of May in 1931 marked the tenth anniversary
of the occupation of the Museum’s present building. The foresight
in choosing the present site, which is almost equally convenient from
all sides of the city, has been proved during this time by the attend-
ance figures. During the more than twenty-five years of occupancy
of the old Jackson Park building the total number of visitors to the
Museum was 5,839,579, while in the ten years from the opening of
the new building on May 2, 1921, to May 1, 1931, the total was
8,597,409.
At the request of the committee in charge of the Chicago Jubilee
held May 11-20, Field Museum participated by remaining open in
the evening from 6 P.M. to 10 P.M. on May 12. Although the day
was one when admission normally is charged, during the evening
hours the public was admitted free. There were 452 visitors during
these hours.
The name of Mrs. E. Marshall Field was added in 1931 to the
list of the Museum’s Benefactors, as a result of her continued gener-
ous gifts to the institution, now totaling $100,000.
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate II
THE LATE RICHARD T. CRANE, JR.
A Trustee of the Museum from 1908 to 1912 and from 1921 until his death on November 7, 1931
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR IL?
In recognition of his services to the Museum as Director of the
Field Museum—Oxford University Joint Expedition to Mesopotamia
(Kish), and the fruitful researches he has conducted in connection
with this work, Professor Stephen Langdon of Oxford University was
elected a Corresponding Member of the Museum. Dr. Ludwig
Diels, Director of the Botanical Garden and Museum of Berlin-
Dahlem, was also elected a Corresponding Member in recognition
of the noteworthy cooperation he has extended to Field Museum in
the work of the Department of Botany, especially in its activities
abroad conducted under the provisions of the Rockefeller Foundation
fund for obtaining photographs of type specimens of plants.
Five names were added to the list of Contributors to the Museum.
Mr. Frank P. Hixon became a Contributor as a result of gifts totaling
$1,000 in cash; Dr. Robert Van Valzah through a gift of $1,000 in
cash; R. Bensabott, Inc., as a result of gifts of material valued at
$1,200; Mr. Charles E. Raymond as a result of a gift of material
valued at $1,000; and Mr. Alfred T. Martin through a bequest of
$1,000 in cash.
The following persons were elected in 1931 as Life Members of
the Museum: Mr. Max Epstein, Mr. Walter S. Carr, Mr. Scott S.
Durand, and Mr. Newton Camp Farr.
Mr. Harold J. Coolidge, Jr., of Cambridge, Massachusetts, and
Mr. W. C. Stephens of Chula Vista, California, were elected Non-
Resident Life Members.
A list of Members in all classes will be found at the end of this
Report (p. 226).
It is with deepest regret that there must be recorded here the
death of Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr., who had rendered the Museum
incalculable services both as a Trustee and as a Benefactor. Mr.
Crane had not only given unsparingly of his time and efforts to the
work of the Museum, but he was also the donor of gifts to the institu-
tion totaling more than $100,000 in value. In addition to being a
Trustee and Benefactor, he was an Honorary Member, a Corporate
Member, and a Life Member. What Mr. Crane stood for, and what
he represented to the Museum, is expressed in the following resolu-
tion in tribute to his memory, adopted by his fellow Trustees on
November 16:
“With profound sorrow and a keenly felt sense of great loss, the
Board of Trustees of Field Museum of Natural History records the
death, on November 7, 1931, of Richard T. Crane, Jr., long one of
the most active of its members. Great homage is due this man who
18 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
in the fifty-eight years of his life had become an outstanding leader
in both industrial and civic affairs. Endowed with capacities which
made him a brilliant success, he was well-known also for his sym-
pathetic interest in the welfare of all who were engaged in the enter-
prises he directed, and for his contributions to the welfare of the
community as a whole. There was a charm, a gentleness, and sim-
plicity about him, and a complete lack of affectation, which endeared
him to all with whom he came in contact. The deepest loyalty was
another quality with which he was imbued, and this was constantly
manifest in his services to Field Museum, as in his other activities.
“Mr. Crane served as a Trustee of Field Museum during two
periods: from 1908 to 1912, and again from 1921 until his death.
His fellow members of the Board had a high regard for his counsel,
and he was ever ready to give freely of his time and energy to assist
in the best solution of all problems presented before the Board.
That the Museum was at all times close to his heart is evidenced
not only by his labors for it, but by his many generous gifts to the
institution, in consequence of which his name will be perpetuated
among the Benefactors of the Museum. He had also been elected
an Honorary Member of the Museum, in recognition of other
eminent services.
“Therefore, be it resolved that this expression of our admiration
and esteem for Mr. Crane, and our grief at his passing from our
midst, be permanently preserved on the records of the Board.
‘“‘And be it further resolved that our deep sympathy be conveyed
to the members of his family in their bereavement, and that a copy
of this resolution be sent to his widow.”
Because of business demands upon his time, Mr. William
Wrigley, Jr., resigned from the Board of Trustees at the close of
the year. He continued his connection with the Museum, however,
as a Corporate Member and a Life Member.
At the meeting of the Board on December 21, Mr. John P.
Wilson and Mr. Sewell L. Avery were placed in nomination to fill
the vacancies caused by the death of Trustee Crane and the resigna-
tion of Trustee Wrigley. Final action on these nominations was
scheduled for the Annual Meeting and election to be held on
January 18, 1982.
There were completed during 1931 a great number of new exhibits,
some of which rank among the most important in the institution.
In addition, noteworthy progress was made with the reinstallation
of older exhibits in many halls. These new and reinstalled exhibits,
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 19
which reached a total of 237, are reported upon in detail under the
heading INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS (p. 143). A general
idea of their scope may be obtained from the following brief notes:
The most unusual and imposing new exhibit is the restoration
of a scene in a swamp forest of the Coal age, some 250,000,000
years ago, vividly represented in all its luxuriance, and in natural
size. This was installed in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38). This
group (see Plates IV, V, [X, and XIII), twenty-eight feet wide, fifteen
feet deep, and nineteen feet high, probably represents the first
serious effort to reconstruct in three-dimensional form a whole assem-
blage of plants of Carboniferous time. A vast amount of intensive
research, and three years of exacting labor in the Stanley Field
Plant Reproduction Laboratories of the Museum, were necessary
to produce this group. The exhibit was planned, and its construc-
tion supervised, by Dr. B. E. Dahlgren, Acting Curator of Botany.
Another striking new installation in Graham Hall is a life size
restoration of titanotheres—gigantic extinct animals of North
America which resembled rhinoceroses in general appearance, but
were almost as tall as elephants (see Plate X). The group consists
of an adult male and female, and one young titanothere. It is the
work of Mr. Frederick A. Blaschke, sculptor of Cold Spring-on-
Hudson, New York, and results from the generous fund for groups
and mural paintings in this hall provided by Mr. Ernest R. Graham.
The new hall of Chinese jades (Hall 30) was opened during the
year. This hall contains one of the world’s finest and most compre-
hensive collections of jade objects, ranging from the archaic periods
down to the end of the eighteenth century. There are more than
1,200 pieces, carved in a great variety of forms, in the exhibit, and
they have an aggregate value of several hundred thousand dollars.
The collection is annotated with informative labels prepared by
Dr. Berthold Laufer, Curator of Anthropology, and one of the most
eminent authorities on the subject. The foundation of this collec-
tion was laid by the Blackstone Expedition to China, 1908-10,
under the leadership of Curator Laufer. Many additions were made
during a subsequent expedition in 1923, known as the Marshall
Field Expedition to China, also led by Dr. Laufer. In 1927 the
Bahr collection of Chinese jades was acquired by the Museum
with a fund contributed jointly by Mrs. George T. Smith, Mrs.
John J. Borland, Miss Kate S. Buckingham, and Messrs. Martin
A. Ryerson, Julius Rosenwald, Otto C. Doering, and Martin C.
Schwab. Other objects were presented by individuals and corpora-
a
20 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
tions, chiefly Mr. John J. Abbott, American Friends of China, R.
Bensabott, Inc., Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr. (deceased), Dr. I. W.
Drummond, Mr. Fritz von Frantzius (deceased), Mr. Charles B.
Goodspeed, Mr. H. N. Higinbotham (deceased), Mr. Linus Long,
Mr. J. A. L. Moeller, Mrs. William H. Moore, and Mrs. George
T. Smith.
A full size reproduction of a grave of the prehistoric mound-
builders of Illinois (see Plate ITI), with an actual skeleton and various
artifacts brought from the original mound near Lewistown in Fulton
County, was installed in Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 3). In the
exhibit the mound is shown with the earth partly cut away so as
to reveal its interior with the skeleton and artifacts exposed.
Four fine new groups of animals were added to the series in the
Hall of American Mammal Habitat Groups (Hall 16). These bring
the total number of such groups to twenty-one, and only one more
group remains to be installed to complete the hall. The groups
installed during 1931 are one of South American guanacos; one of
South American tapirs (see Plate VI); one of South American
anteaters; and one of mountain lions, which are found in both North
and South America. The specimens for the three South American
groups were obtained by the Marshall Field South American Expedi-
tions. They were the work of Taxidermist Julius Friesser, while
the mountain lion group was prepared by Taxidermist L. L. Pray.
Backgrounds for all four were painted by Staff Artist C. A. Corwin.
A reproduction in cellulose-acetate of a twenty-six foot retic-
ulated python of the East Indies has been placed on exhibition in
Albert W. Harris Hall (Hall 18). The reproduction (see Plate XV),
which shows the reptile coiled around a clutch of eighty-two eggs,
is the work of Taxidermist Leon L. Walters. The original specimen
was secured in Sumatra by the Philip M. Chancellor—Field Museum
Expedition to the South Pacific in 1929.
A collection of several hundred examples of Coptic textiles, and
another of tombstones and memorial and votive stelae, were installed
in the hall devoted to Egyptian archaeology (Hall J). All phases
of textile making and decorative design of the Coptic period in
Egypt (first centuries of the Christian era) are represented in the
first of these exhibits, which is one of the two largest collections of
its kind in the country. The tombstones and tablets represent various
epochs from 2200 B.c. down to the Christian era.
A miniature of a village which shows the dwellings and illus-
trates the varied activities of the Menangkabau, a Malayan tribe
UIMIOD “VY sojleyO Aq punoisyoeg ‘uYyNseIg *y uyor Aq Suljapoyy
SIOUI[[] ‘UMOJSIMAT ‘UOSHDIG “YY UO “Iq Aq pejueseid eljeueydeied pus u04e]oyg
(§ TI@H) eH sesinqg *q Arey
HAVUD SUACTING-GNNOW SIONITII NV 4O NOILONGOUddY
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR au
of the Padang Highlands of Sumatra, was completed and placed on
exhibition in Hall G (see Plate VIII). Modeler John G. Prasuhn
prepared this exhibit in accordance with data collected by a Museum
expedition of several years ago.
Skeletons of two South American ground sloths of the Pleistocene
age (one to one and one-half million years ago), mounted in positions
characteristic of their habits in life (see Plate XVIII), have been
placed on exhibition in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38). The
specimens were collected by the Marshall Field Paleontological
Expedition which spent some months in Argentina and Bolivia
several years ago.
Several excellent celluloid reproductions of unusual fishes were
installed in Albert W. Harris Hall (Hall 18). Among these are the
pelican flounder, winter flounder, frostfish, wolf herring, scorpion
fish (see Plate XIX), and poison fish. The reproductions are the
work of Taxidermist Arthur G. Rueckert.
In Hall 15, containing the systematic series of mammals, there
was installed a new exhibit of monkeys from various parts of Africa,
Asia, and the East Indies, including a number of specimens obtained
by recent expeditions. Of unusual interest is an excellent specimen
of the rare golden (or snub-nosed) monkey which was secured by
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt and Mr. Kermit Roosevelt while leading
the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts Expedition to Eastern Asia for
Field Museum. The C. Suydam Cutting Expedition to Sikkim,
the Harold White-John Coats African Expedition, the Field Mu-
seum-—Chicago Daily News Abyssinian Expedition, and the Cornelius
Crane Pacific Expedition all contributed specimens to this exhibit.
The animals were prepared for exhibition by Taxidermist Rueckert.
A new exhibit in Hall 34 of the Department of Geology shows
the eight principal gases which occur as elements in the atmosphere.
The gases are in separate glass tubes, and are made visible by passing
an electric current through them, thus producing the characteristic
spectrum of each.
The exhibits of North American birds in Hall 21 were augmented
by a case containing 145 specimens of a great variety of species,
and one side of a screen of swans and geese (see Plate XI).
A splendid skull of the great woolly rhinoceros, Coelodonta anti-
quitatis, acquired by the Museum from the Royal Museum of
Brussels, Belgium, was placed on exhibition in Ernest R. Graham
Hall (Hall 38).
22 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
An exhibit of the principal materials used in basket making, and
another of dyes and tannins, were added to the economic botany
collections in Hall 28.
Four remarkable gold earrings from ancient Kish, obtained by
the Field Museum—Oxford University Joint Expedition to Mesopo-
tamia, were added to the exhibit of Kish antiquities in Stanley
Field Hall.
A collection of two dozen planks representing the principal species
of woods of economic importance which are obtained from the
Amazon valley, was placed on exhibition in the Hall of Foreign Woods
(Hall 27). These were collected by the Marshall Field Botanical
Expedition to the Amazon.
An exhibit illustrating a quick method of testing minerals for
radium as well as showing the relative radioactivity of different
mineral species was arranged in Hall 34 by the Curator of Geology,
Dr. Oliver C. Farrington. All the principal minerals which are
used as commercial sources of radium are included.
Among the reinstallations or other changes made in the various
exhibition halls of the Museum to bring about desired improvements
which may be mentioned as especially noteworthy are those in Hall J
devoted to Egyptian archaeology, where reinstallation work has been
in progress several years and was completed in 1931; Hall 20, in
which the eighteen habitat groups of birds were completely rearranged
so as to display them to better advantage and make a much more
attractive hall; Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 3), in which the North
American archaeological exhibits were reinstalled and augmented
by the addition of much important new material; Charles F. Mills-
paugh Hall (Hall 26), in which the comprehensive reinstallation
of the North American wood collections as planned several years
ago by Professor Samuel J. Record of Yale University School of
Forestry (who is also the Museum’s Research Associate in Wood
Technology) was nearly completed; the collection of models of
Chinese pagodas, which was reinstalled and relabeled in the South
Gallery; an exhibit of skeletons of carnivorous mammals, which was
reinstalled on a light-colored screen, in accordance with a new and
improved method of display, in Hall 19, devoted to osteology; James
Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Hall (Hall 4), in which three
cases of Naskapi material were installed, and Hall 10, in which five
eases of Northwest Coast Indian material were reinstalled; the case
in Stanley Field Hall illustrating the evolution of the horse, to which
was added a model of the race horse ““Man o’ War” and in which
JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR ae
general improvements were made; a case in Frederick J. V. Skiff
Hall (Hall 87) devoted to ores, which was revised to afford an
interesting comparison of the amount of iron obtained from quantities
of iron ore on exhibition; and the reinstallation of forty-four other
eases in Skiff Hall, and forty-one cases in Ernest R. Graham Hall
(Hall 38). These are but a few of the many reinstallations made.
Structural work on eight large built-in cases for groups in the
Hall of Prehistoric Man (Hall C), begun late in the year 1930, was
completed in 1931.
As a result of the removal of many duplicate anthropological
specimens from exhibition during the past few years, many standard
cases have been made available for new exhibition material. It
has also been possible to convert some of these cases into new or
special types of cases more suitable for some kinds of installations.
This procedure has resulted in a large saving in expenditures for
additional cases, and it will be continued wherever practicable.
Including parties engaged in local field work in near-by collecting
grounds, the Museum had sixteen expeditions in operation during
1931. In addition to these, the institution benefited by receiving
a number of excellent zoological specimens as the result of a hunting
trip in Persia, made by Mr. James E. Baum, Jr., of Lake Forest,
Illinois.
In general, due to the financial situation existing during the year,
and also to the necessity of slowing down field work in order to
complete work on material accumulated by the unprecedented
expeditionary activities of the several preceding years, most of the
expeditions of 1931 were on a smaller scale than in the recent past.
Of the sixteen expeditions, eleven were in foreign countries, three
in the western United States, one close to Chicago, and one in Maine.
Full details concerning the work performed and the personnel on
all the expeditions will be found in the section of this Report under
the heading EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH, beginning on page 62.
Following is a brief summary of some of the most important
operations:
The ninth season of excavations on the site of the ancient city
of Kish by the Field Museum—Oxford University Joint Expedition
to Mesopotamia was concluded during the early part of 1931, and
toward the end of the year the tenth season, which carries on into
1932, was begun. As in previous years, Mr. Marshall Field gener-
ously provided the funds for Field Museum’s participation in this
expedition. Professor Stephen Langdon continued as director of
24 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPorRTs, VoL. IX
the expedition and conducted research upon the antiquities un-
earthed, while Mr. L. C. Watelin remained in charge of operations
in the field. Adding to the remarkable accumulation of archaeo-
logical collections and historical data from its work of previous
years, the expedition in 1931 discovered the first well-preserved
palaces of the Sassanian dynasty (A.D. 226-636) of Persian kings
ever found. The expedition also brought to light Sumerian royal
tombs more than 5,500 years old, while in another section of the
ruins it found jewelry which was probably worn at the court of
Nebuchadnezzar some 2,500 years ago.
Mr. C. Suydam Cutting, of New York, organized and wholly
financed an expedition to Sikkim, India, on behalf of the Museum’s
Department of Zoology. This was the fifth Museum expedition in
which Mr. Cutting has participated. He personally led the big
game hunting division of the expedition, and among the outstanding
specimens in his collections were three of argali or Hodgson’s sheep,
a mountain animal very difficult to obtain. Mr. Herbert Stevens of
Tring, England, accompanied Mr. Cutting, and remained in the field
for further collecting after Mr. Cutting’s return home. The expedi-
tion obtained rare animals found only in the highest parts of the
Himalayas; a specimen of the rare Tibetan water shrew; an excep-
tionally fine series of monkeys; and large general collections totaling
about 2,000 specimens, which included mammals, birds, reptiles,
amphibians, and fishes. Many new and unusual species in the
collection are of great value for scientific research.
The Carey—Ryan Expedition to Indo-China resulted in excellent
specimens of the seladang (gaur ox or Indian bison) and of Indian
water buffalo, which will be used in the series of Asiatic mammal
habitat groups in William V. Kelley Hall. This expedition was
financed by Mr. George F. Ryan of Lutherville, Maryland, who led
it jointly with Mr. George G. Carey, Jr., of Baltimore.
As a result of an expedition to central Africa, financed and led
by Captain Harold A. White of New York and Major John Coats of
London, the Museum received five specimens of the bongo, one
of the rarest and handsomest of all antelopes. A gift to the Museum
of motion and still photographs of living bongos, the first ever made,
also resulted from the activities of this expedition.
The Marshall Field Zoological Expedition to China, under the
leadership of Mr. Floyd T. Smith of New York, continued work
on its mission of making a comprehensive collection of the fauna
of western and southern China.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 25
The Third Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to British
Honduras conducted excavations on ancient Maya sites for several
months. Collections of rare and curious objects, and many scientific
data on both the ancient and modern Mayas, were brought back
by Mr. J. Eric Thompson, Assistant Curator of Central and South
American Archaeology, who was leader.
Valuable collections, and important discoveries which may change
a number of archaeological concepts, were made by the Field Museum
Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest in its second season of
operations on the Lowry ruin in Colorado. The expedition was
financed from funds provided by Mr. Julius Rosenwald and the
late Augusta N. Rosenwald. Dr. Paul S. Martin, Assistant Curator
of North American Archaeology, was the leader.
Toward the end of the year an expedition to French Indo-China,
led by Mr. Jean Delacour, well-known French zoologist, departed
from Paris to begin operations. Field Museum’s participation is
sponsored by Mr. William V. Kelley. The Museum will receive the
bulk of the collections, the remainder going to the Paris Museum
of Natural History and the British Museum (Natural History).
Still later in the year an expedition was organized and financed
by Mr. Leon Mandel II of Chicago, to make zoological collections
along the lower Orinoco River in Venezuela. Mr. Mandel sailed
from Miami, Florida, on December 29, aboard his yacht Buccaneer
with a small party including his brother, Mr. Frederick Mandel,
and Mr. Emmet Blake, zoologist of the University of Pittsburgh
engaged especially to collect for Field Museum.
An expedition to Nebraska, sponsored by Mr. Marshall Field,
collected fossil mammals of Miocene age (19,000,000 to 23,000,000
years ago). It was under the leadership of Associate Curator of
Paleontology Elmer S. Riggs, and the personnel included several
members of the staff of the Department of Geology.
Miss Malvina Hoffman, the sculptor of international reputation
who has been commissioned to prepare the life size bronze figures,
busts and heads of types of the principal races of the world for the
exhibits to be installed in Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall, was engaged
in research work in Europe during the early part of the year, and in
Hawaii, Japan and China during the later months. During her
visits in these countries she modeled Hawaiian, Samoan, Japanese,
Ainu, and Chinese types. She also collected necessary data which
will be of use in completing certain of her sculptures in bronze.
With her work in China finished at the end of the year, Miss Hoffman
26 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
left for the Philippine Islands, Bali, Java, Sumatra, the Andamans,
and India, where she will do similar work. By such extended travels
Miss Hoffman is enabled to select and model directly from life the
best representative types of the various races, and her efforts are
meeting with remarkable success. She has already completed a
number of the figures even through the final stages of the work
in bronze, and these have been acclaimed by both anthropologists
and art critics—by the former for their scientific accuracy, and by
the latter for their beauty. They represent probably the finest
work of this eminent artist whose previous sculptures had already
won her a high place in the world of art. It is appropriate here
to express the Museum’s appreciation of the courtesies and valuable
assistance rendered to Miss Hoffman by anthropologists and govern-
ment officials of the various countries she has visited. They have
cooperated wholeheartedly in furnishing necessary data, and in
helping her to obtain the services as models of natives who best
illustrate the characteristics of the racial types she is depicting in
her work.
Mr. J. Francis Macbride, Assistant Curator of Taxonomy,
continued the work of obtaining photographs of type specimens of
tropical plants of the Americas in European herbaria, in which he
has been engaged since 1929. This is a project sponsored by the
Rockefeller Foundation, and conducted by Field Museum, to provide
botanists with a vast reference collection of such photographs, which
are of tremendous importance to persons engaged in botanical re-
search. To date more than 18,000 photographs have been assembled.
Through the good offices of Mr. Bruce Thorne, a vice-president
of Alaska Guides, Inc., arrangements were made whereby that
organization obtained for the Museum five specimens of caribou
for a proposed group to be installed in Hall 16. This was made
possible through the cooperation of the United States Biological
Survey which had previously granted the Museum’s request for a
renewed permit for this purpose. The animals were obtained toward
the end of the year in the Rainy Pass region of Alaska.
As a result of the Vernay—Lang Kalahari Expedition of 1930,
the Museum received in 1931 a specimen of the rare giant sable
antelope of Africa, in size extremely close to the record specimen
ever taken by any hunters. The horns of the specimen are five
feet two and one-half inches long, which is only one and one-half
inches less than the record. This animal is found only in a limited
area of Angola (Portuguese West Africa). As a result of the same
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 27
expedition the Museum will receive a large collection, including repre-
sentatives of practically all the large mammals of South Africa,
and several thousand specimens of small mammals, birds, reptiles,
fishes, and invertebrates. The expedition was financed by Mr.
Arthur §. Vernay of New York and London, and led by him jointly
with Mr. Herbert Lang of Pretoria, South Africa.
Under a grant of $3,000 made by Mr. William V. Kelley, which
contribution was reported in 1930, arrangements were made with
the Bombay Natural History Society, through Sir Reginald Spence,
its honorary secretary, whereby the society will furnish its services
in procuring accessory material, notes, photographs, etc., necessary
for the construction of eight proposed habitat groups of Asiatic
mammals in William V. Kelley Hall (Hall 17).
The general economic depression from which the world has been
suffering has naturally had an effect upon the Museum finances.
The difficulties thus presented have been met as far as possible by
curtailing certain activities to some extent, and by effecting more
than usual economies wherever it has been found practicable. The
Museum’s expeditions and field activities especially have been
reduced in size and extent because of these conditions, and it is
expected that this type of work will be kept at a minimum also
during the ensuing year. It has been necessary also to cut down
somewhat the working force of the Museum.
Although the total expenditures for the year 1931, amounting
to $841,740.85, were $58,479.95 less than the expenditures in the
year 1930, there was a deficit of $7,211.39, which, added to notes
payable on account of money borrowed for previous years’ deficits,
brought the notes payable at the close of the year to a total of
$184,800.
The Museum received various benefactions, both in money and
material, for which expressions of gratitude are herewith renewed.
Acknowledgments of gifts of funds follow:
Mr. Marshall Field contributed $150,000 for use in meeting part
of the operating expenses of the Museum during 1931.
President Stanley Field contributed a total of $120,476.47. This
amount represents four different contributions, distributed as
follows: $91,099.44, towards liquidation of the building fund deficit;
$1,000, which the Museum turned over as a gift to the International
Office for the Protection of Nature, at Brussels, Belgium; $16,177.03,
to cover the operating expenses of the Stanley Field Plant Repro-
duction Laboratories of the Museum during 1931; and $12,200, to
28 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
cover the cost of twenty-one less than life size and two larger than
life size figures in bronze of various racial types of the world, made
by the sculptor, Miss Malvina Hoffman. The bronzes are reproduc-
tions of some of the life size sculptures Miss Hoffman is making for
Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall, and are not included in the con-
tract for that work for which funds were provided by the late Mr.
Chauncey Keep, Mr. Marshall Field, and Mrs. Charles H. Schweppe.
A gift of $50,000 was received from Mrs. E. Marshall Field,
representing her annual contribution.
Mrs. James Nelson Raymond made two contributions, one of
$2,500 and another of $1,000, toward the operating expenses of the
James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation for Public
School and Children’s Lectures, which was established by her in 1925.
Mr. Frederick H. Rawson contributed $5,000 for use in connection
with the projected Hall of Prehistoric Man.
The Rockefeller Foundation made a further grant of $5,000 for
continuing the work of photographing type specimens of plants.
This was the third and final payment in a series totaling $15,000.
Contributions totaling $3,252.30 were made by Mr. C. Suydam
Cutting for payment of the salary and expenses of a collector em-
ployed in connection with the C. Suydam Cutting Expedition to
Sikkim, India, conducted for Field Museum.
Dr. Robert Van Valzah contributed $1,000 to the Field Museum-—
Oxford University Joint Expedition to Mesopotamia.
Contributions totaling $750 were made by Mr. Henry J. Patten,
also for use in connection with the Kish expedition.
From the American Friends of China, Chicago, the sum of $625
was received for the purchase of material for addition to the Mu-
seum’s Chinese collections.
Mr. Frank P. Hixon made a contribution of $250.
Mr. Joseph Simons contributed $250 towards the expense of
sending Taxidermist Ashley Hine to southern California to make a
collection of the birds of that region.
Mr. William J. Chalmers contributed $67.75 for the purchase of
additional specimens for the crystal collection.
The South Park Commissioners turned over to the Museum
$167,360.48, representing the amount due the Museum under the
tax levy for this purpose authorized by the state legislature.
Many gifts of valuable material for the collections in the various
Departments of the Museum have been received in 1931. Gifts of
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate IV
DETAIL OF CARBONIFEROUS FOREST GROUP
Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38)
A primitive conifer, Cordaites, a long extinct type of gymnosperm of the Pennsylvanian
period, reconstructed in Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories,
Department of Botany of the Museum
: ae (
THE LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
te ‘ P ;
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 29
this kind, continuing as they do year after year, are very gratifying
not only because of the enrichment of the collections, but also because
of the indication they give of a great and active interest which is
being taken by friends of the Museum in the development and
improvement of the institution. Details of the acquisitions of the
year are given in the departmental sections of this Report under
the heading ACCESSIONS (p. 104), and in the List oF ACCESSIONS
beginning on page 190.
Special mention seems due here in regard to certain outstanding
gifts of material:
With the delivery in 1931 of the five final canvases in the series
of twenty-eight murals representing the life and scenery of pre-
historic ages, presented by Mr. Ernest R. Graham, one of the largest
and most remarkable gifts ever received by the Museum was com-
pleted. These paintings by Mr. Charles R. Knight, an artist who
probably has no peer in his specialty of depicting animals of the past,
are now to be seen on the walls of Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38).
They are of dimensions making possible the presentation of their
subjects vividly and strikingly, one-half of them being twenty-five
by nine feet in size, and the others eleven by nine. They have been
much praised as works of art, but in addition, and more important
from Field Museum’s standpoint, they incorporate the most recent
and accurate scientific knowledge of their subjects, as agreed upon
by leading authorities.
Mr. and Mrs. Marshall Field gave the Museum four specimens
of lions. These are the animals they shot during their African hunt
in 1930 (Annual Report of the Director for 1930, p. 288), and the
specimens are to be used in the preparation of a habitat group
which has long been desired for addition to the Museum’s African
mammal exhibits. Mr. and Mrs. Field presented the Museum also
with several thousand feet of excellent motion picture films which
they made of life in the African wilds.
Shortly before he died, the late Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr., pre-
sented to the Museum two remarkable and unusually valuable gem
specimens. One of these is a flawless cut ruby topaz, weighing 97.55
carats. It is about one and one-quarter by seven-eighths inches in
size, and is believed to be the finest example ever produced of rose
or Brazilian ruby. The other stone is a plaque of black Australian
opal weighing 148 carats, with a polished surface two by one and
one-half inches, in which are blended tints of the rarest and most
desirable type, which change according to the angle from which it
30 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
is Inspected. Both of these gems have been added to the exhibits
in Harlow N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31).
Two bricks of silver, historically as well as intrinsically valuable,
were presented by Mr. William J. Chalmers. One of these was made
in 1878 by the first water-jacket furnace at Leadville, Colorado, and
the other was made from ore brought from some of the first silver
mines operated in Montana. Mr. Chalmers also gave the Museum
material for addition to the crystal collection, and a number of
desirable mineral specimens.
Mr. Frederick Blaschke, the sculptor, of Cold Spring-on-Hudson,
New York, was the donor of a beautiful model of “Man o’ War,”
famous race horse, which he made from life. This has been added
to the exhibit in Stanley Field Hall illustrating the evolution of the
horse.
Among other gifts received for the collections of the Department
of Geology are a series of very rare metal specimens presented by
Mr. Herbert C. Walther of Chicago; a collection of Arkansas minerals
given by Mr. Frank von Drasek of Cicero, Illinois; a collection of
remarkable cave photographs contributed by Mr. Russell T. Neville
of Kewanee, Illinois; a remarkable series of 301 fulgurites or “lightning
tubes” received from Mr. E. A. Mueller of Chicago; and a fossil
skull and jaw of the so-called four-tusked mastodon, T'rilophodon,
presented by Messrs. Roy Muhr of Redington, Nebraska, and Anton
C. G. Kaempfer of Bridgeport, Nebraska.
An important gift was received from Dr. Don F. Dickson of
Lewistown, Illinois, consisting of material from the Indian mounds
which he has excavated in the vicinity of Lewistown. Included
are a complete Indian skeleton, two skulls, and twenty-six speci-
mens of pottery, flint implements and shell ornaments. This material
was used in preparation of the exhibit of a mound-builder’s grave
(see Plate III).
Some valuable additions to the Chinese jade collection were
made by the firm of R. Bensabott, Inc., of Chicago, which presented
a beautifully decorated square green jade box, and by Mr. Linus
Long, who gave two ceremonial jade axes.
Two specimens of red deer from Scotland were received from
Viscount Furness of Invernesshire, Scotland.
Mr. James E. Baum, Jr., of Lake Forest, Illinois, presented six
specimens of the Persian wild ass and two of Persian wild goat to
the Museum. These specimens resulted from a recent hunting trip
which he made in Persia.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR ot
Mr. Arthur S. Vernay of New York gave the Museum a valuable
collection of ethnological material representing the Bushmen of
Africa, who are probably the most primitive people in existence
today. The objects in this collection were obtained by Mr. Vernay
while he was leading the Vernay—Lang Kalahari Expedition for
Field Museum in 1930.
Mr. C. Suydam Cutting of New York presented three specimens
of the argali or Hodgson’s sheep, a mountain animal which is very
difficult to obtain. He secured these on his expedition to Sikkim,
India, mentioned elsewhere.
Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Everett of Hinsdale, Illinois, presented
a rare Chinese painting, done on silk, of a school of carp. This is
an exquisite example of Chinese art. It is thirty-two by sixty-six
inches in dimensions.
President Stanley Field presented anthropological books valued
at $157 to the Museum Library.
Shortly before his death the late Mr. Robert H. Everard of
Arusha, Africa (formerly of Detroit, Michigan) presented the Mu-
seum with a specimen of scaly anteater obtained in Tanganyika
Territory, Africa.
Mr. A. A. Dunbar Brander of Elgin, Scotland, gave the Museum
nineteen specimens of birds of the English countryside. Among
other important gifts of zoological material are a collection of 345
salamanders of Tennessee received from Mr. D. C. Lowrie of the
University of Chicago; 173 reptiles and amphibians of Texas from
Dr. C. E. Burt of Winfield, Kansas; a Florida tarpon from Mr. C.
Irving Wright of Pirates’ Cove Fishing Camp, Florida; five Japanese
toads from Dr. K. K. Chen of Indianapolis, Indiana; two cave sala-
manders from Dr. Karl Absolon of Briinn, Czechoslovakia; fifty
Tennessee reptiles and amphibians from Mr. A. 8. Windsor of
Chicago; a giant snapping turtle from Mr. G. M. Stevens of Mar-
cella, Arkansas; twenty-one frogs from Major Chapman Grant of
San Juan, Porto Rico; and a specimen of capercaillie from Count
Degenhard Wurmbrand of Vienna, Austria.
Among important contributions to the collections of the Depart-
ment of Botany are eight boards of African and Mexican mahogany
and teak given by Mr. T. R. Williams of New York; twenty veneered
panels of foreign woods and ninety-six other foreign wood specimens
presented jointly by J. H. Smith Veneers, Inc., and Schick-Johnson
of Chicago; a board of ipil wood from Mr. Ralph A. Bond of Chicago;
8,925 negatives of type specimens of tropical American plants
32 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
in European herbaria obtained by Assistant Curator J. Francis
Macbride under a grant of funds from the Rockefeller Foundation,
New York; the trunk of a rubber tree presented by Mr. Paul Van
Cleef and the Wilkinson Rubber Process Company of Chicago;
twenty samples of tobacco from John H. Meyer and Son of Chicago;
353 specimens of plants from Alberta and Colorado given by the
Department of Botany of the University of Chicago; twenty-eight
specimens of fiber plants received from the Companhia Ford Indus-
trial do Brasil, of Parad, Brazil; and 100 specimens of trees and
shrubs of tropical America from the School of Forestry of Yale
University.
The collections of the various Departments of the Museum were
augmented also by accessions obtained through Museum expeditions,
purchases, and through exchange with other institutions. Details
of these will be found in the section of this Report devoted to ACCES-
SIONS (p. 104), and the List oF ACCESSIONS (p. 190).
Among the most notable of such acquisitions in the Department
of Anthropology are the following: a collection of Eskimo archaeo-
logical material from the Bering Strait region, acquired by the
Museum through an exchange with the United States National
Museum at Washington, D.C.; a skeleton of a man who lived
7,000 to 10,000 years ago in what is now Hungary (this is the only
practically complete human skeleton representing this period of
neolithic culture which has reached the United States and is there-
fore of great scientific importance), acquired by purchase; a collec-
tion of flint implements approximately 1,000,000 years old, repre-
senting the earliest definitely determined handiwork of prehistoric
man yet discovered anywhere in the world, obtained as a result of
excavations conducted for the Museum near Ipswich, England, by
Mr. J. Reid Moir of that locality; and an important collection of
fifty-four specimens of ancient Brazilian pottery, probably dating
back to about A.D. 1200, obtained through an exchange with the
Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
The Department of Botany received 1,098 specimens of plants
from Mexico and Sumatra by exchange with the Department of
Botany of the University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor; and 1,336
herbarium specimens of plants chiefly from Brazil and Cuba, by
exchange with the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.
A collection of 964 herbarium specimens of Paraguayan plants was
purchased from Mr. Pedro Jorgensen, of Villarica, Paraguay.
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THE LIBRARY | |
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UNIVERSITY OF Ltrs
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 30
Important accessions received by the Department of Geology
by exchange included one complete skeleton each of extinct horse,
bison, ground sloth and carnivore from the so-called ‘‘tar beds” of
Los Angeles, California, received from the Los Angeles Museum of
History, Science and Art; a complete and well-preserved skull and
jaws of the woolly rhinoceros which ranged in Europe during the
glacial period, from the Royal Natural History Museum at Brussels,
Belgium; three species of Cambrian trilobites from the British
Museum (Natural History), London; a specimen of the Olmedilla
(Spain) meteorite from Mr. C. Wendler, Geneva, Switzerland; and an
etched section of the Tacubaya (Mexico) meteorite from Professor
H. H. Nininger of Denver. Specimens of two other meteorites from
Brule, Nebraska, and Adams County, Colorado, were received
partly by exchange and partly by purchase. There were also received
by exchange from Mr. H. G. Clinton of Manhattan, Nevada,
twenty-one specimens of rare aluminum phosphates and associated
minerals; from Mr. Joseph Linneman of Buffalo, New York, thirteen
specimens of various rare minerals; and from Mr. Joseph Bianchi of
Paterson, New Jersey, a fine specimen of the newly described silicate,
norbergite, with associated minerals. Important purchases included
the complete fall of the Breece (New Mexico) meteorite, weighing
115 pounds; a representative specimen of the Newport (Arkansas)
ironstone meteorite; two skulls and jaws, and other skeletal parts,
of the rare fossil ungulate, Protitanotherium, giving the Museum
the best representation known of this important genus; a head of the
great fossil fish, Portheus; a horn, three and one-half feet in length,
of the fossil bison, Bison regius, an extinct species remarkable for
the great length of its horns; six specimens of beautifully preserved
crinoids and starfish from Bundenbach, Germany; and a set of the
eight principal gases of the atmosphere.
The Department of Zoology received 708 selected zoological
specimens by various exchanges, mainly from the following institu-
tions: British Museum (Natural History), London; Cincinnati
Society of Natural History; Museum of Comparative Zoology,
Cambridge, Massachusetts; New York University; and Senckenberg
Museum, Frankfort-on-the-Main.
Through a most gracious and generous act on the part of the
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, ownership of a cut leather
ceremonial corselet of a priest of ancient Thebes was assigned to
Field Museum. This valuable archaeological specimen, which is
one of the only two known examples of this kind of corselet in the
34 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
world, had been on exhibition in Field Museum’s Egyptian collec-
tions for many years, as a permanent loan from Mr. Theodore M.
Davis of Newport, Rhode Island. Mr. Davis died in 1931, leaving
all of his Egyptian collections to the Metropolitan Museum, and
there was a question as to whether he intended to include this corselet
in the bequest or not. Agreement was made between the two
museums to submit the question privately to Judge Julian Mack.
Judge Mack made a thorough study of all data pertaining to the
matter, and reported that in his opinion Field Museum had a proper
claim to the corselet, whereupon the Metropolitan Museum accepted
his decision and relinquished its claim.
Field Museum made a contribution of $300, representing its
annual payment, to the Institute for Research in Tropical America,
located on Barro Colorado Island, Gatun Lake, Canal Zone, Panama.
The Museum turned over to the Century of Progress Exposition
ten totem poles, one mortuary pole, one Haida Indian house, one
Eskimo whalebone house, and three carved wooden figures. This
material will be exhibited during the exposition in 19338.
Negotiations were instituted between the Consul-General of the
republic of China at Chicago, Dr. Koliang Yih, and the Museum,
which are expected to lead to the loan of the Chinese gateway,
which the Museum formerly had on display in Stanley Field Hall,
to the Chinese government for use in its exhibit at the Century
of Progress Exposition. This gateway, a remarkable and artistic
creation carved from teakwood, was an exhibit at the Panama-
Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, and was purchased
by the Museum at the close of the exposition.
The work of all Departments and Divisions of the Museum
showed satisfactory progress during the year. Proper attention
has been given to the cataloguing, inventorying and labeling of
thousands of specimens; to the conducting of scientific research
upon many subjects; to enlargement and improvement of the study
collections and facilities; and to public service in the form of supply-
ing information to hundreds of inquirers upon subjects falling within
the scope of the Museum. Details of these and other routine activi-
ties appear elsewhere in this Report.
Gratifying response was made to the annual spring and autumn
courses of free illustrated lectures on science and travel given for the
general public in the James Simpson Theatre of the Museum, and
also to a series of special lectures for Members of the Museum given
during the winter. The programs of these, and statistics on attend-
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 35
ance, will be found under the heading LECTURES AND ENTERTAIN-
MENTS, beginning on page 47.
A greater number of children than in any previous year was
reached by the activities of the James Nelson and Anna Louise
Raymond Foundation for Public School and Children’s Lectures,
which was established in 1925 by Mrs. James Nelson Raymond.
The Foundation in 1931 continued all the branches of its work con-
ducted in former years, such as the sending of extension lecturers
to the schools to give talks illustrated with lantern slides; the pre-
sentation of series of free motion pictures and other educational
entertainments in the James Simpson Theatre during the spring,
summer and autumn months; the tours of Museum exhibits con-
ducted by guide-lecturers for groups of visiting children; and other
activities. There was a notable increase both in the number of
groups of children receiving these services, and in the total number
of individuals affected, which aggregated 303,698. This upward
trend in the number of children reached by Raymond Foundation
activities has continued year after year since the work was first
undertaken. There can be no doubt as to its great value as a medium
of supplementary education which brings to the children of Chicago
schools both knowledge and pleasure which would not ordinarily
be available to them in the regular routine of their class rooms.
The work of the Foundation is highly appreciated by educational
authorities, school officials, principals and teachers, as well as
by the children themselves, and many expressions of praise for it
have been received. It has been particularly gratifying to receive
such expressions from the children, as their favorable opinion
indicates that the work is succeeding thoroughly with the ones for
whom it was planned. It may be mentioned as of especial significance
that this past year, and in several years preceding, a large number
of letters have been received from children of the Four-H Clubs
(an organization for rural young people which brings thousands of
children annually to Chicago for the International Live Stock
Exposition and invariably includes Field Museum among the places
to be visited during their stay in the city) acknowledging with thanks
the pleasure they have received due to the attentions given them
by members of the Raymond Foundation staff.
A notable educational contribution in 1931, in addition to its
regular activities, was made by the Raymond Foundation in coopera-
tion with Radio Station WMAQ, operated by the Chicago Daily
News. Each week over a long period an educational lecture for
36 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
children was given from this radio station by Miss Margaret M. |
Cornell, Chief of the Foundation staff. These lectures were heard
by the children in the many schools which are equipped with radio
receiving apparatus, as well as in the homes. Probably several
hundred thousand composed the audience for each radio lecture.
The Museum’s educational media have been increased by gifts
from various sources of reels of motion pictures which are excellent
material for use in the programs of the Raymond Foundation. Still
other reels available for this use have resulted from Museum expedi-
tions. During 1931 these were assembled, classified, and filed in
fireproof containers which meet insurance requirements. The collec-
tion includes 153 positive reels of motion picture film, and thirty-one
negatives.
More detailed accounts of the work of the Raymond Foundation,
and statistics upon it, will be found in this Report beginning on
page 48.
The Department of the N. W. Harris Public School Extension
carried on as usual its work of supplementing the studies in the city
schools by circulating among them traveling exhibition cases illus-
trating natural history and economic subjects. These reached,
as previously stated, approximately 500,000 children, bringing them
new material every two weeks during the school year. The Harris
Extension has been in operation since 1912, and, as is generally
known, its scope is confined principally to illustrating the flora and
fauna of the Chicago area (defined for this purpose as the region
within 100 miles of the city limits), and also the products of typical
industries with the progressive steps occurring in their manufacture.
Every effort is constantly made to attain as nearly as possible a
complete representation of these subjects. More than 1,200 exhibi-
tion cases have been prepared to date. Due to the exigencies of |
transporting these to the schools, and the handling they get by the
children, a number of these are always necessarily out of circulation
for repairs, while others are withdrawn from time to time for improve-
ments or reinstallations. However, in 1931 there were 1,136 cases
available for circulation. Of these, 343 are devoted to botanical
subjects (scientific and economic), 170 to geological subjects (scien-
tific and economic), and 623 to zoological subjects. The zoology
cases are divided as follows: birds, 319; mammals, 36; reptiles and
amphibians, 40; fishes, 30; insects, 182; and economic zoology, 16.
During 1931 the number of schools and other institutions served
showed an increase, and the number of cases available was augmented
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 37
by the preparation of many new ones. The service of the Harris
Extension is highly appreciated by educational authorities and by
the school pupils, and there are frequent requests made by institu-
tions not on the regular list to have the service extended to them.
Where such institutions are of a type within the field designated
for the Department, and where other factors make it practicable
to do so, these requests are granted. The Department’s activities
are treated in full on page 174.
The plan of providing guide-lecture tours for adults on a schedule
of two each day except Saturdays and Sundays was continued along
the lines developed in the past few years. As usual, the variety of
subjects covered was extensive, and the public responded in grati-
fying numbers to the opportunities presented through these tours.
Besides the regular public tours, special guide-lecture service for
groups requesting it was made available in accordance with the
practice of past years.
Service to the general public by the Library of the Museum was
increased as the facilities offered became more widely known. The
outside visitors to the Library were largely students and members
of the faculties of educational institutions in Chicago and vicinity.
The books and pamphlets in the collection, now numbering approxi-
mately 93,000, were of service also to many others, such as represen-
tatives of industries, editors, authors, and researchers of various
kinds. As usual the Museum staff was aided greatly in many
branches of its work by the Library.
The study collections made available in each Department to
students, persons engaged in research, and others, were used by
many persons, and many expressions were heard indicating the value
of this service to those who took advantage of it.
Normal activities were maintained in such Divisions of the
Museum as Public Relations, Publications, Memberships, Printing,
Roentgenology, Photography and Illustration. Detailed accounts
of the work accomplished by these Divisions will be found in various
sections of this Report.
A greater number of scientific publications were issued than in
any previous year of the Museum’s history. Among these were
several outstanding works, upon which report will be found on
page 56.
The monthly bulletin for Members of the Museum, Field Museum
News, was published and distributed regularly each month. Every
effort has been made to increase the value and attractiveness of this
38 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REpPoRTS, Vou. IX
publication, so that Members might receive complete news reports
of the activities of the institution, advance notice of all special
events in which they might be interested, and pictures of new or
outstanding exhibits. Details of this work, and also a summary
of general publicity and advertising carried on through the news-
papers and various other media generously placed at the disposal
of the Museum, will be found under the heading DIVISION OF PUBLIC
RELATIONS (p. 176).
Some very interesting results have been obtained during the
year from a series of research experiments on various problems carried
out in the Division of Roentgenology. Among these was the develop-
ment of a new technique whereby there was produced what is believed
to be the largest x-ray film ever made, having as its subject an
Egyptian mummy. The dimensions of the films are seven by two
feet. This is the first time an entire adult mummy in its casket
has ever been x-rayed on one film and with only one exposure.
A more detailed account will be found on page 188 of this Report
under the heading DIVISION OF ROENTGENOLOGY.
A Handbook of Field Museum, supplanting the former Manual,
was published in 1931. This booklet gives in brief but comprehen-
sive form general information concerning the Museum, its history,
its building, its expeditions, and its varied activities. It is sold at
a nominal price.
Various forms of cooperation were carried on during the year
between the Museum and the University of Chicago. The students
and faculty of the university were encouraged to make use of the
study collections and special facilities of each Department of
the Museum, and every possible aid was extended to them by the
Museum staff. The general Library, and the departmental libraries
of the Museum, were frequently consulted by groups of students,
as well as individual students and members of the university faculty.
Loans of books were made by the Museum Library to the libraries
of the university, and vice versa. Members of the university faculty,
especially Professors A. C. Noé and A. 8. Romer, rendered invaluable
¢
services in connection with the preparation of the Carboniferous —
forest group in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38). The university ;
}
made notable additions to the herbarium it has on deposit in the ©
Museum Herbarium. Assistance in the identification of species was
given in the Department of Zoology of the Museum to research
workers from the university zoological faculty. Assistant Curator
Karl P. Schmidt gave a lecture before the Biological Club of the
Pek get a tne Fae
tt i le He:
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 39 ,
university. In the Museum’s Department of Geology two Assyrian
bronzes of great value belonging to the Oriental Institute of the
university, which were in danger of destruction from corrosion, were
restored by means of the Fink electrolytic process. Instruction in
the installation and operation of the apparatus used in this process
was given to a representative of the Oriental Institute by Associate
Curator Henry W. Nichols. A series of minerals was sent on loan
to a university worker for a study of their electrical properties.
Work in the Museum’s Egyptian hall, which has been in process
of rearrangement and relabeling since 1927, was completed in 1931
by Dr. T. George Allen, whose part time services for this purpose
were obtained through the cooperation of Professor James H.
Breasted, Director of the Oriental Institute. In compliance with
a request of the University High School of the University of Chicago,
that school was added to the list of institutions receiving on regular
schedule loans of traveling exhibition cases circulated by the N. W.
Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum.
The Museum was host to a number of distinguished foreign
guests during the year. Among these were Prince and Princess
Takamatsu of Japan, who, attended by their suite, were visitors
at the Museum on May 12; Count Hirotaro Hayashi, member of
the House of Peers of Japan, and Professor of Pedagogy in the
Imperial University of Tokyo, who visited the Museum on August
12; Dr. Julius Magnes, President of the Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, who was a visitor on May 8; and Dr. N. I. Vavilov
of the Institute of Plant Industry, Leningrad, who made a visit
in March. Dr. Magnes consulted with members of the scientific
staff and formulated plans for exchange of specimens and publica-
tions between his university and Field Museum. Dr. Vavilov,
who was returning from a tour of Mexico and Central America,
consulted with members of the staff of the Department of Botany
regarding economic plants of tropical America.
The Curator of Anthropology, Dr. Berthold Laufer, received an
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws from the University of Chicago
during the June commencement exercises at the university. This
honor was in recognition of the important work in Asiatic research
which has been conducted by Dr. Laufer.
There were several changes in the Museum staff during the year:
In November Mr. Rudyerd Boulton, formerly a member of
the staff of the Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh, joined the staff of
Field Museum as Assistant Curator of Birds.
40 FreLD MuseuM oF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Mr. Colin C. Sanborn, formerly Assistant in Mammalogy, was
promoted to the position of Assistant Curator of Mammals.
The services of Dr. T. George Allen of the Oriental Institute,
University of Chicago, were re-engaged through 1931 in order to
continue the work necessary for completion of the classification and
labeling of the Egyptian archaeological material.
Dr. Ralph Linton, Professor of Anthropology at the University
of Wisconsin, formerly an assistant curator at the Museum, was
temporarily re-employed during the three months of his summer
vacation from the university, to work on the reinstallation of Eskimo
and Northwest Coast ethnological material in Hall 10.
Mr. C. Eliot Underdown was appointed Assistant in Ornithology.
Mr. Ulrich A. Dohmen, for more than thirty-five years Chief of
the Division of Printing, died on May 21. Starting with hand-set
type, foot-operated printing press, and himself as the only printer,
Mr. Dohmen developed the plant in his charge to meet the increasing
demands of the Museum’s expanding publications, until now the
plant is a large and complete one, with modern typesetting, printing,
binding, and cutting machinery, and a large staff of workers. Mr.
Dohmen’s devotion to his duties and the great success he made of
the printing plant were greatly appreciated by the administrative
officers of the Museum, and his death represents a serious loss.
Mr. Dewey S. Dill, an assistant of Mr. Dohmen’s for several
years, has been placed in charge of the Division of Printing.
Under the Field Museum Employes’ Pension Fund, insurance
amounting to $5,000 was paid to Mr. Dohmen’s widow, and $500
each to his daughters, Miss Gertrude Z. Dohmen and Mrs. Katherine
Nardi.
Two other Museum employes died during the year. Mr. Stewart
Herbert, clerk, died on April 10. Insurance of $2,000 was paid to
his mother, Mrs. Josephine Herbert, under the Museum Employes’
Pension Fund. Mr. James Gibney, janitor, died on May 17. His
widow received $4,000 insurance under the same fund.
Mr. John Duffy, employed as a janitor since 1906, was placed
on the pension payroll in 1931. He had reached the age of 71.
Mr. W. E. Eigsti was employed as an assistant taxidermist to
take the place of Mr. Herman Hinrichs, who resigned.
Mr. Walter A. Weber, artist and ornithologist, resigned as of
May 15. Mr. Pierce Brodkorb left the Department of Zoology after
two months’ temporary employment in the Division of Birds. Mr.
ECE,
:
Fa
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 41
Daniel Clark, volunteer student assistant, served creditably for
several months in the Division of Reptiles. Mr. G. C. Hixon served
as special student assistant for some time in the Division of Mammals.
Dr. C. E. Hellmayr, Associate Curator of Birds, sailed July 9 for
Europe, to accept, with the permission of the Museum, a position
in a European university, under an agreement whereby he is to
furnish the Museum annually with manuscript for further parts of
the Catalogue of Birds of the Americas. This is a most important
scientific work of which the first six parts have thus far been published
by the Museum, and the plans call for four more parts to complete
it. During the preparation and publishing of these additional parts,
Dr. Hellmayr is to retain his title of Associate Curator of Birds.
Mr. James B. McNair, Assistant Curator of Economic Botany,
terminated his services to the Museum on December 31. With
the completion of roentgenograms of all Egyptian and Peruvian
mummies, the Division of Roentgenology was closed, and the
services of Miss Anna Reginalda Bolan were no longer required
after November 30.
The services of Mr. Herman Lusche, assistant photographer, were
discontinued on October 31. Six printers were removed from the
payroll as of September 30, while the services of two employes of
the Department of Botany were dispensed with on October 15, and
of two preparators in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Labora-
tories on October 31.
Several carpenters who are paid on an hourly basis elected to go
on a five-day week basis, beginning July 1. Other economies were
effected in various wage scales.
Dr. J. Alden Mason, formerly Assistant Curator of Mexican and
South American Archaeology, who is now Curator of the American
Section of the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania, Phila-
delphia, spent several weeks at the Museum completing a manuscript
for a publication on the results of the Marshall Field Archaeological
Expedition to Colombia which he led in 1922-23.
During the autumn, winter, and spring months when the west
door of the Museum is open, the Chicago Motor Coach Company
consented to have stops made there by the buses which operate into
Grant Park (No. 26, Jackson Boulevard line), as well as at the
north entrance. This additional convenience provided for passengers
bound for the Museum later had to be discontinued due to the
modification of traffic regulations made by South Park authorities.
42 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
The buses now stop at the north entrance on both their eastbound
and westbound trips.
That portion of the foot bridge from Michigan Avenue into
Grant Park erected, at the expense of Field Museum, by the Illinois
Central Railroad for the convenience of Museum visitors in the
early days of occupancy of the present building, has been removed.
The bridge was no longer necessary because of the close proximity
of two other bridges, and it was thought desirable to eliminate the
expense incurred in maintaining it. There remains, however, at
the east end a link which connects with another bridge to the rail-
road station, thus serving Museum visitors who depend on the
Illinois Central for transportation.
Due to the increasing aviation activities in the vicinity of the
Museum, it was deemed advisable to insure the building and its
contents against damage by aircraft. Accordingly, a policy covering
a period of five years, and providing $600,000 insurance against
this hazard, was taken out.
Maintenance of the building, and improvements wherever prac-
ticable, received due attention. A number of the more important
of such improvements are noted in the pages which follow.
At a cost of $64,406.85, included in the building fund deficit
contribution of $91,099.44 paid in 1931 by President Stanley Field,
the Museum’s cafeteria was completely remodeled to provide better
service and increased comforts for the public and the staff of the
Museum. In the main cafeteria, with accommodations for 192
guests, an attractive scheme of decorations was adopted by painting
maps of the continents, the Arctic and Antarctic regions, and the
world as a whole on the walls (see Plate XXII). Ina special room
provided for the staff the wall decorations are based on Aztec designs.
All the tables in this room are in attractive booths, except a large
round table which is provided for the President, Director, and
their guests, or for luncheon conference purposes. The special
room for children and other visitors who bring their own lunches
was improved, while an additional room close by, formerly used
for the storage of archaeological material, was painted and provided
with tables and benches to accommodate the overflow crowds on
special occasions when the regular children’s room is filled to capacity.
A total of about 450 children can be accommodated in these two
rooms.
The main cafeteria and other lunch rooms were provided with
complete new furnishings, including tables, chairs, floor coverings,
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 43
china, silver, and all other accessories. The kitchen was provided
with the most modern cooking, electric refrigeration, dishwashing,
and other equipment.
Demands upon the cafeteria facilities have become more and
more pressing during the past few years, due to the constantly in-
creasing attendance at the Museum. The improvements which
have been effected make it possible to meet these demands more
efficiently. Operation of the cafeteria was placed in the hands of
the John R. Thompson Company, a firm especially well qualified
to fill requirements in respect to service, prices, quality of food,
efficiency of management, and maintenance of the highest sanitary
standards. Further details regarding the cafeteria will be found
on page 185 of this Report.
The Museum’s maintenance and engineering forces, in conjunc-
tion with some outside labor especially hired for the work, completed
the remodeling of the cafeteria and the supplementary lunch rooms
for the staff and for children. This task involved running fifteen
new circuits for lights and eight new circuits for power through
the tunnel from the switch room; installation of a ventilating system
with three fans, and with a heating unit and an oil filter on the
fresh air inlet; installation of electric washer and refrigerating units;
removal of the old sewer and installation of a new sewerage system;
reconstruction of plumbing; and moving and rebuilding of various
partitions necessary to lay out the rooms in accordance with the
new plans provided by the architects.
Praise for the Museum’s system of ventilation was received from
Dr. Siegfried Maurer, Chicago physician who has been conducting
research and experiments to assist in the work of eliminating hay
fever. In pollen counts taken in various Chicago public buildings
by Dr. Maurer, Field Museum showed the lowest count. In certain
other buildings the count was from ten to twenty times that in the
Museum, and the Museum’s count was only about one-half of that
found at several northern resorts to which hay fever sufferers go for
relief.
The maintenance force cooperated with all the Departments in
the rearrangements and reinstallations of exhibits in various halls,
which have been mentioned elsewhere. Eighteen cases of a new
type with a single light of glass on each side were placed in Hall 13.
Seven of the Knight murals were mounted on vehisote panels and
fastened in place on the walls of Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38),
and all of the twenty-eight murals were washed and starched, while
44 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
their frames were regilded. Thirty-seven cases in Graham Hall were
fitted with illuminating hoods, revarnished on the outside, and
repainted inside. Various special installation fixtures were made
for these. Eighteen cases of bird groups in Hall 20 were fitted
with illuminating hoods.
All reinstalled cases in the Departments of Anthropology,
Geology, and Zoology were repainted inside. In Hall 30, where
the jade collection was installed, the walls were cleaned, a new
linoleum floor covering was laid, and a panel was built over the
center windows on which was hung an imperial Chinese tapestry.
Eight new cases were provided to receive the jade installations.
In the South Gallery, where the Chinese pagoda models were
reinstalled, the cases were fitted with beaver board bottoms, and
twenty-seven Chinese paintings and tapestries were hung on the
walls. In Harlow N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31), devoted to gems
and jewels, the walls were cleaned and painted, and two ventilator
grills were cut in the east wall.
In all, the maintenance force remodeled a total of eighty-one
exhibition cases for the various Departments, and all of these were
wired for lights by the engineering force. These cases are assigned
as follows: eighteen for Hall 20; fourteen for Hall 24; eight for Hall
30; three for the Hall of Prehistoric Man (Hall C); thirty-seven for
Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38); and one for Hall O. Thirty
electrical outlets were installed on the walls of Hall C.
In addition, eleven built-in cases were constructed for proposed
groups in Hall C, and the ground work, framing, trim and glazing
were furnished for fifteen groups, as follows: the undersea group of
fishes in Hall O; the mound-builder’s grave in Mary D. Sturges Hall
(Hall 3); the model of a Mitla temple in Hall 8; the various new
habitat groups of mammals in Halls 16 and 17; the new exhibits
in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38); and the collections of Coptic
textiles, and of tombstones and votive tablets, in the hall of Egyptian
archaeology (Hall J).
Various work rooms and storage rooms on the third floor were
repainted and provided with steel storage equipment. The steel
equipment was provided in furtherance of the Museum’s policy to
eliminate as far as possible all fire hazards caused by wooden shelving,
cabinets, etc., and to give better protection against all deteriorating
influences which might harm scientific material in storage and
supplies and equipment. Included in the new steel equipment
installed this year are six assemblies of cabinets in the Herbarium,
JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 45
twenty cabinets for bird and mammal storage, twenty-four cabinets
for miscellaneous purposes, and racks for 136 storage cans containing
specimens preserved in alcohol. In all, 7,173 square feet of steel
shelving were provided on the third floor for the various Depart-
ments. In addition, 175 square feet were provided in the taxi-
dermists’ skin storage vault on the fourth floor, and 225 feet for the
janitors’ supplies on the ground floor.
Because of the need of beginning work in Hall B on the ground
floor in preparation for the installation of Chauncey Keep Memorial
Hall it was necessary to move the research classes of Art Institute
students from the space they had occupied as quarters in this hall.
Equally suitable quarters were provided for the art classes in a
vacated room near the west end of Hall H on the ground floor.
The rest of Hall B was cleared of material which had been stored in it.
Painting done during the year included the art students’ new
class room, the corridor leading to the cafeteria, the children’s second
or overflow lunch room, and fifteen rooms used for various purposes
on the third floor.
Various rooms on the third floor were provided with additional
tables and chairs made available when all old cafeteria equipment
was replaced with new.
A new work room, eighteen by twenty-eight feet in dimensions,
was built in the northwest corner of Room 38, the large workshop
of the Department of Anthropology on the third floor, to provide
quarters for the pottery mender, who will shortly be moved into
the new quarters. This will make Room 29, the present pottery
mending shop, available for a new storage room.
The old skin storage vault on the ground floor was removed to
provide a clear floor area and additional space for Hall C, which is
to be devoted to prehistoric man. The floor of this area was lowered
to conform with the level of the rest of the hall. Partitions were
built between Halls C and D.
The taxidermists’ storage room in Hall Q on the ground floor
was vacated. Part of the stored material was moved to the space
under the south stairway, and part to Hall L.
To take care of the ever-increasing demands of the Library for
additional space to accommodate the overfiow of its collections of
books, pamphlets, and periodicals, six book stacks were extended
to provide additional shelves, and extra space was cleared and set
aside in the east portion of Room 120 on the third floor close to the
Library quarters. During the coming year it is planned to make
46 FIELD MUSEUM oF NATURAL HistorY—Reports, VOL. 1X
shelf provision in this space which, it is hoped, will relieve in great
measure the congestion in the Library.
Two new rooms on the third floor for the use of students and other
research workers were furnished and opened during the year. One
of these is in the Department of Anthropology, and one in the
Department of Geology. The rooms are appointed with tables,
chairs, and collections of specimens especially selected for their
usefulness to students. These rooms, Nos. 55 and 113A, were
formerly used for storage of material.
The studio of the Division of Roentgenology was given a consider-
able overhauling to provide the conditions necessary for making the
large seven-foot films which resulted from this Division’s research
work. The floor of the operating room was sheeted with lead;
a mezzanine was built in this room to facilitate cleaning the x-ray
lamp; a light-proof ventilator was provided in the dark room; and
special developing and washing trays with cylinder attachment for
suspending the large films, and various drying fixtures, were installed.
Since 1928 tuck pointing of all exterior walls, cornices, and parapet
walls has been in progress, and this work was completed in 1931.
The work undertaken in the previous year to provide protection
against water seepage under the steps at the north and south
entrances was completed. This involved sinking a caisson, building
a pier, rebuilding and tuck pointing bulkheads, lowering the terrace
wall around the shipping room, setting a new level for the lower
steps at the south entrance, taking up and resetting all lower steps
at both entrances, building a new cement walk between the upper
and lower steps of the south entrance, removing all ceiling tiles
under the steps and replacing them with steel beams, scraping all
steel work and painting it with a rust preventive compound, filling
all step and platform joints with mastic top dressing, and sundry
other operations. Five fans with heating units were installed under
the north steps to maintain necessary air circulation.
Electric window fans were installed in the two public toilet
rooms. Five window frames at road level in the west wall of the
boiler room were replaced. On the third floor fifty-eight window
sills, water bars, and lower parts of window frames which had
rotted, were replaced with new material. A contract was renewed
with a window cleaning concern to wash all windows periodically.
The Museum’s own maintenance force continued to carry on the
cleaning of windows at such other times as conditions required it.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 47
The recommendations made by the underwriters carrying the
Museum’s fire insurance have been put into effect.
In the boiler room all the boilers were turbined, and the brick
settings were repaired. The Museum engineering crew also over-
hauled all other equipment in the boiler room and the pump room.
A system to effect a saving in the cost of lighting the building
has been put into force. The saving reached its maximum in
December when a reduction of 20,000 kilowatts was made in the
use of electricity as compared with December of the preceding year.
This is approximately 20 percent. Itis expected that this percentage
of saving in kilowatts used will be maintained throughout 1932.
Steam for heating was furnished under contract to the John G.
Shedd Aquarium during the seasons requiring heat, and to Soldier
Field from November 6 to December 10.
LECTURES AND ENTERTAINMENTS
GENERAL LECTURES.—The Museum’s fifty-fifth and fifty-sixth
courses of free lectures for the public were given in the James Simpson
Theatre on Saturday afternoons during the spring and autumn
months. They were illustrated by motion pictures and stereopticon
slides. Following are the programs of both courses:
FIFTY-FIFTH FREE LECTURE COURSE
March 7—The Lost Valleys of the Caucasus.
Mr. William Osgood Field, Lenox, Massachusetts.
March 14—The Human Side of the Byrd Expedition.
Chief Yeoman Charles E. Lofgren, United States Navy (retired) ;
Personnel Officer of the Byrd Expedition to the Antarctic.
March 21—Australian Life and Scenery.
Professor Griffith Taylor, Professor of Geography, University of
Chicago.
March 28—Exploring the Jungles of Surinam.
Mr. Jean M. F. Dubois, Denver, Colorado.
April 4—Alaska.
Mr. Amos O. Berg, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
April 11—Across Asia’s Snows and Deserts.
Mr. William J. Morden, Associate in Mammalogy, American
Museum of Natural History, New York.
April 18—The Tale of the Ancient Whaleman.
Mr. Chester Scott Howland, Boston, Massachusetts.
April 25—Three-wheeling through Africa.
Mr. James C. Wilson, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa.
48 FIELD MusEeuUM oF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
FIFTY-SIXTH FREE LECTURE COURSE
October 8—An African Hunting Trip.
Dr. Thomas S. Arbuthnot, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
October 10—Burma.
Mr. Louis H. Baker, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
October 17—Bryce, Zion and Grand Canyons.
(Illustrated with Lumiere Autochrome Plates.)
Dr. C. O. Schneider, Chicago.
October 24—Pioneering in the Canadian Peace River Country.
Professor Charles C. Colby, Professor of Geography, University
of Chicago.
October 31—East of Suez.
Mr. H. C. Ostrander, Yonkers, New York.
November 7—Mexico.
Mr. Fred Payne Clatworthy, Estes Park, Colorado.
November 14—Explorations in the Old Maya Empire.
Dr. Sylvanus G. Morley, Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C.
November 21—On the Trail of the Viking.
Captain Donald B. MacMillan, Provincetown, Massachusetts.
November 28—Camera Shooting in the Southern Marshes.
Mr. Alfred M. Bailey, Director, Chicago Academy of Sciences.
The total attendance at these seventeen lectures was 22,773.
In addition to the regular spring and autumn courses, the follow-
ing special lectures were given for Members of Field Museum:
January 11—The Nile and Beyond.
Major A. Radcliffe Dugmore, F.R.G.S., F.R.P.S., London,
England.
January 18—A Naturalist in the South Seas.
Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Assistant Curator of Reptiles, Field
Museum; leader of the scientific section of the Cornelius
Crane Pacific Expedition for Field Museum, 1928-29.
January 25—Explorations in Plant and Animal Life.
Mr. Arthur C. Pillsbury, Berkeley, California.
The total attendance at these three special lectures was 1,535.
The total number of lectures for adults was twenty and the total
attendance at them was 24,308.
JAMES NELSON AND ANNA LOUISE RAYMOND
FOUNDATION FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL AND
CHILDREN’S LECTURES
The James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Foundation has
continued to provide lecture and entertainment programs for children
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JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 49
both at the Museum and outside in schools and camps, and has
endeavored by means of guide-lecture tours, radio talks, and in
other ways to broaden the contact between the Museum and the
public.
ENTERTAINMENTS FOR CHILDREN.—Three series of entertainments
were offered during the year. As in previous seasons, the spring
and autumn courses were given on Saturday mornings in the James
Simpson Theatre, and the summer series, offered on Thursday
mornings during the months of July and August, was given in the
exhibition halls and in the Theatre. Following are the programs of
these three series of entertainments:
SPRING COURSE
February 21—Washington Becomes President*
Alexander Hamilton*
Washing the Elephants
Stickleback, the Hedgehog
February 28—Beauties of Winter
The Falls of Iguassu
A World Unseen
Insect Farmers and Laborers
Plant and Animal Death-traps
March 7—The Antics of the Kilowatt
The Eagle’s Nest
Allah il Allah
March 14—America Raises Rubber
Thrills in Yellowstone
Capturing a Giant Anteater
March 21—Fine Furs on Fine Animals
Picturesque Roumania
March 28—A Jaguar in Stone
Belgian Cities
How Buds Become Leaves
Fishes of Many Waters
Hagotian, the Rug-maker
April 4—The Story of Silk
Pineapples
Life in a Pond
Undersea Partnerships
The Life History of a Pearl
April 11—The Story of Asbestos
Firemaking without Matches
Drummers and Boomers
Porcupines and Their Neighbors
April 18—The Island of Sugar
Prodigal Palms
Poor Butterfly
The Message of the Flowers
* Gift to the Museum from the late Mr. Chauncey Keep.
50 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
April 25—In Batik Land
A Dyak Wedding
Teak-logging in Siam
Elephants on Parade
Wooden Shoes
The total attendance at these ten entertainments was 11,711.
AUTUMN COURSE
September 26—When Autumn Comes
Hiawatha’s Hunting Grounds
Feathered Braves
Naskapi Indians
The First People
October 3—HEHlephant Seals
Shooting Rapids
Sheep in Psalm and Sage
Cowboy Thrills
October 10—Columbus*
Tricks or Weapons?
Secrets of the Sea
October 17—The Sacred Beetle
Wonder Book III
From Mountain to Cement Sack
The Dogville Theatre
October 24—Glimpses of India
People in White (Korea)
When Elk Come Down
How Rangers Fight a Fire
October 31—The Settlement of Jamestown*
A Trip to a Zoo
November 7—Maizok of the South Seas
Magic Gems
November 14—The Eve of the Revolution*
A Trip to Banana Land
Unselfish Shells
November 21—The Declaration of Independence*
The Hamster Family
A Jungle Roundup
November 28—The Pilgrims*
Animals Prepare for Winter
Children of the Sun
December 5—Winter Birds
Snowflakes
Mr. Groundhog Wakes Up
Skating in the Spreewald
* Gift to the Museum from the late Mr. Chauncey Keep.
The total attendance at the eleven autumn entertainments was
20,611.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 51
The summer course was planned especially for the benefit of
those young people who remained in the city during the summer
vacation. As in former years the course consisted of special tours
in the exhibition halls, and story-hours and motion pictures in the
James Simpson Theatre. The programs were as follows:
July 9—Motion Picture:
With Byrd at the South Pole.
July 16—Story-hour: Giants of Long Ago.
Tour: Prehistoric Collections.
July 23—Tour: The Chinese Halls.
Motion Picture:
Glimpses of China.
July 30—Motion Picture:
The Silent Enemy.
August 6—Story-hour: Children of Many Lands.
Tour: Exhibits Showing Child Life in Many Lands.
August 13—Tour: Animals of Land and Water.
Motion Pictures:
Alligators.
Alaskan Sheep.
Bears.
Animals of the Galapagos.
Lions at Home.
The total number of groups handled during this summer course
was twenty-three and the attendance was 10,406. Of this number
2,181 represents the special tour attendance and 8,225 the Theatre
attendance.
) In addition to the two regular courses of entertainments and the
summer series, four special programs were offered during the winter
_ months as follows:
.
)
_ January 24—Motion Picture:
The Black Journey.
| January 31—Motion Pictures:
| A Dog-sled Trip in Canada.
The Ojibwa Build a Birch-bark Canoe.
| Gathering in the Wild Rice.
(Pictures taken and explained by Mr. W. W. Kirkland.)
February 12—Motion Pictures:
Abraham Lincoln:
My Father.
Abe’s First Law Case.
The Call to Arms.
December 19—Motion Pictures:
I Am from Siam.
The Beaver People.
52 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsTORY—REporRTS, VOL. IX :
The total attendance at the four special programs was 8,001.
In all, thirty-one different programs were offered free to the
children of the city and suburbs during the year, and the total
attendance at these entertainments was 50,729.
That the children’s entertainments are now recognized as a
definite part of child education in the community is evidenced by
the great number of schools and social organizations which regularly
send groups, and by the excellent cooperation extended to the
Museum in giving publicity to these programs. Posters and programs
are now shown in both city and suburban libraries, in public and
parochial schools, in social settlements, clubs and churches. Many —
newspapers and radio stations have helped. Not only Chicago
but suburban newspapers have printed the programs and have fre-
quently given much space to special attractions. Parent-teacher
associations have distributed programs and chaperoned groups ~
which otherwise would not be able to attend. The children’s depart- —
ment of the Chicago Daily News has frequently carried the features _
of the children’s programs in its section of the paper. The following —
newspapers and radio stations were especially consistent in giving
publicity to the entertainments: the Chicago Daily News and Radio ~
Station WMAQ; the Prairie Farmer and Radio Station WLS; the ~
Chicago Tribune; Radio Station WCFL; the Chicago Evening Ameri-
can; the Chicago Herald and Examiner; and the Chicago Evening Post. —
An expression of appreciation for films loaned for the programs —
is due to the United States Department of Agriculture, the Izaak
Walton League, the General Electric Company, the Commonwealth —
Edison Company, the Citroen Motor Company of Paris, the Chicago, —
Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad, the Natural History Museum
of the University of Minnesota, and the Department of the Interior, i
Canada.
MUSEUM STORIES FOR CHILDREN.—Two series of Museum Stories
for Children were written by members of the Raymond Foundation ~
staff, and copies were handed to all attending the entertainments. —
The demand for stories has increased greatly during the past year. —
An encouraging feature is the number of children who have bound
their copies of Museum Stories into book form for use as permanent _
reference material. During the summer, the stories were also kept
at the main entrance and handed to visiting children, or to teachers, .
for use as source material.
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 53
The following list gives an idea of the variety of topics to be
found in Series XVI and Series XVII of Museum Stories for Children,
published in 1931:
Sir Stickleback, the Hedgehog Seals
Glimpses of Ant Life Coral
Boats The Sacred Beetle of Egypt
Bears The Land of the Morning Calm
The Weasel and the Mink The Anteaters
Deep Sea Fishes Precious Stones
Pearls Bananas
Asbestos Sloths
Palms Children of the Sun
In the Land of Dikes and Windmills Reindeer
Games and Toys of Indian Children
A total of 50,740 copies of Museum Stories for Children was
distributed during the year.
LECTURE TOURS FOR CHILDREN.—The number of groups of
children from public, parochial and private schools coming to the
Museum for lecture tours established a new record. Special emphasis
was laid on work with the younger children, and with high school
students. Crane High School led in the number of pupils taking
advantage of the intensive work given in the various halls. During the
year 1,513 pupils from that school, with eleven different instructors,
visited the botanical, paleontological and zoological exhibits under
the leadership of lecturers of the Raymond Foundation. May 27
was an outstanding day, with groups received from nineteen schools,
and also a large party from downstate brought by the Illinois Central
Railway. Each group was given a lecture tour. The number of
suburban schools asking guide-lecture service showed a marked
increase over former years. The following table shows how the
groups were distributed:
Number of
schools
Tours for children of the Chicago schools
Attendance
Chicago public schools............. 275 11,399
Chicago parochial schools.......... 23 962
Chicago private schools............ 18 339
Tours for children of suburban schools
Suburban public schools............ 238 8,400
Suburban parochial schools......... au 642
Suburban private schools........... 13 351
Tours for special groups
REMEIGFEN A GIUDS i. s < 2 <: 665,045, ccaiciet Sale 31 900
@iherorezanizations ss sess tele a 20 2,282
Out-of-town groups................ 16 1,426
54 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
In all, 651 groups were given guide-lecture service and the
attendance was 26,701.
EDUCATIONAL MEETINGS.—The small lecture hall was used for
seventeen meetings of an educational or civic nature given for
children. The total attendance at these was 1,093.
EXTENSION LECTURES.—Extension lectures were offered, as in
previous years, to the public schools of the city. For the first time,
requests for the lectures were received from parochial schools, and
it is hoped that the service will be gradually extended to all kinds
of educational institutions.
The subjects offered for high school classes and assemblies were:
Field Museum and Its Work Bird Life in the Chicago Area
The Ancient Egyptians Animal Life in the Chicago Area
The Romans: Their Arts and Customs Trees of the Chicago Area
Prehistoric Animals Wild Flowers of the Chicago Area
Reptiles and Insects Story of Iron and Steel
For presentation in the elementary schools the following series
were offered:
South America
North American Indians
Glimpses of Chinese Life
For Geography and History Groups Marcus, the Roman
Ptahhotep, the Egyptian
Migisi, the Indian Lad (lower grades)
Native Life in the Philippines
Field Museum and Its Work
A Trip to Banana Land
Coffee, Chocolate and Tea
Coal and Iron
Flax and Cotton
Silk and Wool
For Science Groups < Food Fishes of the World
Animal Life in the Chicago Area
Birds of the Chicago Area
Trees of the Chicago Area
Wild Flowers of the Chicago Area
Animals at Home
Our Outdoor Friends (lower grades)
These lectures were given also before school clubs, parent-teacher
associations and at Camp Algonquin. The following table gives the
classification of groups, number of groups and attendance of the
groups reached by the extension lecturers of the Museum during
the year:
of
gyenancd Attendance
in Chicagoischools #4.) ceuk oe 657 225,025
Parent-teacher associations.......... 2, 170
School clubs) 37-2 h eek poeka ceece ene i 410
: Camp Algonquin 26 o2 oe ee 17 1,746
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 55
The total number of extension lectures presented by the staff
of the Raymond Foundation was 688, and the total attendance at
these was 227,351.
NATURE STUDY CouRSE.—At the request of the Chicago Council
of Boy Scouts of America, the third series of talks on natural history
topics was arranged for the scoutmasters of the city. The series
consisted of five meetings. At each a member of the Raymond
Foundation staff presented a subject which would be of value to
leaders of Scout groups, and also assisted in the conference which
followed. The subjects were as follows:
February 28—Birds of the Chicago Area
March 7—Ecology of the Chicago Area
March 14—Insects and Reptiles
March 21—Trees and Flowers of the Chicago Area
March 28—Geology and Mammals of the Chicago Area
The total attendance at these lectures and conferences was 642.
RADIO BROADCASTING.—Radio broadcasts by the Raymond
Foundation staff were given in connection with the school radio
programs sponsored by Station WMAQ. During the year, twenty-
eight talks were presented to grades ranging from the first to the
fifth. The talks given were planned to correlate with the course of
nature study being given in the elementary grades. The manager of
one of the radio stations reports that these nature study talks are
being used regularly in schools in Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin
and Nebraska, and that the published outlines are sent each month
to many other states.
During the summer course of entertainments, broadcasting
material was prepared each week for the radio stations giving
publicity to the children’s programs.
ACCESSIONS.—The Raymond Foundation acquired during the
year 208 stereopticon slides for use in the Theatre and in the exten-
sion lectures; fourteen negatives for making slides; and thirty-three
prints for the office records, all made by the Division of
Photography.
The Raymond Foundation also was the beneficiary of the follow-
ing gifts to the Museum: two motion picture reels, From Mountain
to Cement Sack, presented by the Atlas Cement Company; 2,300 feet
of film made in Africa and presented by Mrs. Marshall Field; two
reels and two negatives of African animals given by Captain Harold
56 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
A. White; and eighty stereopticon slides of scenes in the Near East
received from Mr. Henry Field.
LECTURE TOURS AND MEETINGS FOR ADULTS
As in preceding years, the services of Museum guide-lecturers
were ofiered, without charge, to clubs, conventions, and other
organizations, and to Museum visitors in general. For the public
138 general tours and 376 tours covering specific exhibits were
arranged. Printed monthly tour schedules were placed at the main
entrance for distribution to visitors. Each month copies of the
schedule were sent to libraries, social settlements, retail stores and
to some of the railroads bringing special groups into the city, while
the schedule for each week was published in Chicago and suburban
newspapers.
The groups which took advantage of the guide-lecture service
during the year numbered 555, with a total attendance of 7,256
individuals.
The use of the small lecture hall was extended to six adult
educational and civic groups. These meetings were attended by
339 persons.
On May 27 the graduating exercises of the foreign adults who
had been studying in the public schools of the city were held in the
James Simpson Theatre. The attendance was 854.
On Armistice Day an Americanization program under the auspices
of the Chicago Board of Education was held in the James Simpson
Theatre. The attendance was 362.
SUMMARY OF ATTENDANCE AT LECTURES, ETC.
The total number of groups receiving instruction by means of
lectures, entertainments and tours was 1,965 with an aggregate
attendance of 336,812. This figure includes both the adults and the
children participating in Museum educational activities. Of these
totals, 1,382 groups with an aggregate attendance of 303,693 were
reached through the activities of the James Nelson and Anna Louise
Raymond Foundation for Public School and Children’s Lectures.
DIVISION OF PUBLICATIONS
The number of scientific publications issued by Field Museum
in 1931 exceeded that of any previous year. The Museum dis-
tributed to the institutions on its exchange lists 14,726 copies of
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 57
scientific publications and 1,121 copies of miscellaneous publications
and pamphlets. In addition, 5,623 copies of the 1930 Annual Report
of the Director were sent to Members of the Museum. Sales
during the year totaled 1,136 publications, 6,982 leaflets, and 9,647
miscellaneous publications and pamphlets.
Twenty-eight large boxes containing publications for foreign
institutions were packed and shipped to the Smithsonian Institution
at Washington, D.C., for distribution through its bureau of inter-
national exchanges. For future sales and distribution 905 packages,
containing more than 25,500 copies of books issued in 1931, were
wrapped, labeled, and stored in the stock room.
During the year forty-nine new exchange arrangements with
domestic and foreign institutions were established.
A most interesting volume was added to the Anthropology
Memoirs Series in November. This is a monograph by Professor
Roy L. Moodie, entitled Roentgenologic Studies of Egyptian and
Peruvian Mummies. Its purpose is to add to knowledge about
mummification through an interpretation of roentgenograms of un-
opened mummy packs in Field Museum. It discusses conditions
revealed in Egyptian and Peruvian mummies by roentgenograms
prepared in the Division of Roentgenology of Field Museum, and
places particular emphasis on the search for evidences of disease
and injury. The book is of especial interest to pathologists, odontol-
ogists, students of the history of medicine, roentgenologists and
archaeologists. ‘The volume, complete in one number, contains
sixty-six printed pages and seventy-six plates in photogravure,
chiefly from roentgenograms.
The Handbook of Field Museum, published in June, is an informa-
tive illustrated booklet of convenient size. The number of requests
for it during the past six months has been very gratifying. It is
designed to give briefly general information concerning the Museum,
its founding and its present organization, the building in which it
is housed, its exhibits, expeditions and various activities, its endow-
ments, and many other matters regarding which inquiries are con-
stantly received.
Of the portfolio of lithographic reproductions of Abyssinian birds
and mammals published in 1930, nearly 400 additional copies were
sold during 1931. This can be accounted for by the prominence of
the artist, the late Louis Agassiz Fuertes, who made the original
paintings, and by the excellence of the reproductions. The portfolio
was distributed late in 1930 to the Museum’s ornithological exchange
58 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
list, and numerous letters of praise have been received from institu-
tions and scientists in this country and abroad. An expression of
appreciation is again due to Mr. C. Suydam Cutting, whose generosity
made possible the publishing of this album.
Twenty-two additions to the regular series of Field Museum
publications were issued, four of which were anthropological, nine
botanical, three geological, five zoological, and one the Annual
Report of the Director for 19380. Besides these, two anthropology
memoirs, a design series number, a handbook and a general guide
were published. Following is a detailed list:
Publication
number
283.—Botanical Series, Vol. X. Flora of the Lancetilla Valley, Honduras.
By Paul C. Standley. January 15, 1931. 418 pages, 68 photo-
gravures. Edition 1,034.
284.—Botanical Series, Vol. VIII, No. 4. The Cyperaceae of Central America.
By Paul C. Standley. January 26, 1931. 56 pages. Edition 1,073.
285.—Botanical Series, Vol. VII, No. 2. The Rubiaceae of Ecuador. By
Paul C. Standley. February 5, 1931. 76 pages. Edition 1,056.
286.—Zoological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 2. Bats from Polynesia, Melanesia
and Malaysia. By Colin Campbell Sanborn. February 12, 1931.
26 pages. Edition 1,072.
287.—Report Series, Vol. VIII, No. 2. Annual Report of the Director for
the Year 1930. January, 1931. 256 pages, 20 photogravures.
Edition 7,541.
288.—Botanical Series, Vol. XI, No.1. Spermatophytes, Mostly Peruvian—
ae By J. Francis Macbride. May 29, 1931. 386 pages. Edition
0222
289.—Anthropological Series, Vol. XXI, No. 1. Serpent Worship in Africa.
By Wilfrid D. Hambly. July 29, 1931. 86 pages, 8 photogravures
and1lmap. Edition 1,051.
290.—Zoological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 3. Birds of the Kelley—Roosevelts
Expedition to French Indo-China. By Outram Bangs and Josselyn
Van Tyne. June 10, 1931. 90 pages, 2 colored plates and 1 map.
Edition 1,203.
291.—Botanical Series, Vol. XI, No.2. Spermatophytes, Mostly Peruvian—
IV. By J. Francis Macbride. July 29, 1931. 34 pages. Edition
1,046.
292.—Botanical Series, Vol. VII, No. 3. The Rubiaceae of Bolivia. By Paul
C. Standley. June 16, 1931. 88 pages. Edition 1,036.
293.—Zoological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 4. The Painted Turtles of the Genus
Chrysemys. By Sherman C. Bishop and F. J. W. Schmidt. June 18,
1931. 20 pages, 5 zine etchings. Edition 1,044.
294.—Botanical Series, Vol. VIII, No. 5. Studies of American Plants—V. By
Paul C. Standley. June 25, 1931. 106 pages. Edition 1,041.
295.—Zoological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 5. Two New Rodents from Costa
Rica. By Wilfred H. Osgood. August 3, 1931. 6 pages, 1 photo-
gravure. Edition 1,073.
296.—Zoological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 6. Notes on Dinomys. By Colin
Campbell Sanborn. August 31, 1931. 10 pages, 1 photogravure.
Edition 1,054.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 59
297.—-Geological Series, Vol. IV, No. 6. Occurrence of the Alligatoroid Genus
Allognathosuchus in the Lower Oligocene. By Bryan Patterson.
August 31, 1931. 8 pages, 1 photogravure. Edition 1,055.
298.—Geological Series, Vol. IV, No. 7. A Silurian Worm and Associated
Fauna. By Sharat Kumar Roy and Carey Croneis. September 24,
1931. 22 pages, 4 photogravures. Edition 1,021.
299.—-Geological Series, Vol. IV, No. 8. A Fossil Turtle from Peru. By Karl
P. Schmidt. September 4, 1931. 6 pages, 2 photogravures. Edition
1,022.
300.—Anthropological Series, Vol. XVIII, No. 3. The Domestication of the
Cormorant in China and Japan. By Berthold Laufer. September 8,
1931. 64 pages, 4 photogravures. Edition 1,056.
301.—Anthropological Series, Vol. XVII, No. 3. Archaeological Investiga-
tions in the Southern Cayo District, British Honduras. By J. Eric
Thompson. September 18, 1931. 148 pages, 28 photogravures.
Edition 1,020.
302. Botanical Series, Vol. VII, No. 4. The Rubiaceae of Venezuela. By
Paul C. Standley. October 12, 1931. 146 pages. Edition 1,031.
303.—Botanical Series, Vol. XI, No. 3. The Nyctaginaceae and Cheno-
podiaceae of Northwestern South America. By Paul C. Standley.
October 20, 1931. 56 pages. Edition 1,056.
304.—Anthropological Series, Vol. XX, No.1. Archaeology of Santa Marta,
Colombia. The Tairona Culture. PartI. Report on Field Work.
By J. Alden Mason. December 14, 1931. 130 pages, 64 photo-
gravures, 1 map. Edition 1,016.
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS
Anthropology, Memoirs, Vol. I, No. 3. Report on Excavations at Jemdet
Nasr, Iraq. Part III. By Ernest Mackay, with preface by Stephen Langdon.
August 18, 1931. Quarto size, 88 pages, 18 photogravures. Edition 825.
Anthropology, Memoirs, Vol. III. Roentgenologic Studies of Egyptian and
Peruvian Mummies. By Roy L. Moodie, with editor’s note by Berthold
tal November 30, 1931. Quarto size, 66 pages, 76 photogravures.
ition 763.
Anthropology Design Series, No. 5. Carved and Painted Designs from New
Guinea. By A.B. Lewis. January, 1931. 1 photogravure, preface of 3 pages,
51 halftones, 1 zinc etching. Edition 1,549.
Handbook. General information concerning the Museum, its history, building,
eats. expeditions and activities. June 4, 1931. 67 pages, 8 halftones.
ition 3,006.
General Guide. Fifteenth Edition. 40 pages, 1 photogravure, 3 zine etchings.
Edition 9,857.
Post CARDS.—The total number of picture post cards sold during
1931 was 138,514. This represents a decrease, which was noted
in the volume of sales of both individual cards and sets of cards,
and undoubtedly it may be attributed to the general depressed
financial conditions existing during the year. Among new cards
issued is an attractive view of the Museum building, from a photo-
graph by Henry Fuermann and Sons, Chicago.
60 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
A new set was added to those issued by the Department of
Geology. It consists of six views of the restorations in the Museum’s
group in Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38) representing Mesohippus,
the three-toed horse.
The supply of “school sets,’”’ consisting of twenty pictures of
selected subjects in post card size with descriptions on the reverse
side, was completely exhausted. To take their place sixteen post
cards from the general series were placed in packets and sold as sets.
These have proved to be as popular as the sets for which they were
substituted, and as each card is suitable for mailing they are even
more useful.
LIBRARY
The use of the Library by the public has continued to increase,
as more and more people are learning that here are available books
on certain subjects which are not easily found elsewhere. Exclusive
of members of the Museum staff the Library received 995 visitors
during 1931. Telephone inquiries for various kinds of information
also have increased greatly.
There have been 2,900 books accessioned and 10,800 cards have
been added to the catalogue.
The shelves in the General Library had become much congested,
and to relieve one portion six extra stacks were added. This made
it possible to arrange the books in this section properly, and thus
make them more accessible.
In the last Annual Report acknowledgment was made of the
receipt by the Library of publications from several former exchanges
which for many years had sent nothing. As the Library depends
for growth and usefulness largely on its exchanges, it is most
encouraging to be able to report that this year still other institutions
have either sent such numbers of their publications as were lacking,
or have at least sent as many as were available. It is a great satis-
faction to have these, because broken files of publications always
make it possible that something most needed will be missing. Much
of the desirable and necessary material of today appears first in the
reports and proceedings of various societies and these publications
are most important.
Some further advance has been made toward completing files
of periodicals. Work in disposing of duplicate material has been
continued. Some new exchange arrangements with other libraries
and with individuals have been effected and these have helped in
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qe V
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 61
completing files already in the different Departments. Several sales
have been made to dealers and to private collectors.
The three concluding volumes of Curtis’s The North American
Indian were presented to the Library this year by President Stanley
Field. This work, representing thirty years of research, is a highly
valued acquisition. The volumes previously received have already
proved their worth, and it is exceedingly gratifying now to have the
complete set.
The Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to Europe in 1930,
led by Assistant Curator Henry Field, was instrumental in bringing
to the Library its largest increase at one time from any single source.
This material arrived early in 1931, adding 5,000 books and pam-
phlets to the shelves. The assembling of this collection required a
vast amount of time and patience on the part of Mr. Field and Mr.
Harper Kelley of Paris, who aided him in selecting the books.
These works are all on the subject of prehistory, and they cover
especially well the European phase of the subject. The large collec-
tion of pamphlets includes many by early authors whose writings
are available in no other form, and the Library is most fortunate to
receive these. This collection places the Library in a position to
be of greater assistance to students of this subject. Already many
of these publications have been used for reference in connection
with work being conducted by the Museum and also by outsiders.
The Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to British Hon-
duras, led by Assistant Curator J. Eric Thompson, brought to the
Library desirable material relating to the Maya people. Included
in this were Diccionario de Motul Maya Espanol and the two volumes
of Ximenez, Historia de la provincia de San Vicente de Chiapas y
Guatemala.
The National Geographic Society presented the Museum with a
copy of Bingham’s Machu Picchu, which is a report on explorations
and excavations conducted in Peru during 1911-12 and 1915 under
the auspices of the Society and Yale University. This is of special
interest because of the work of Field Museum in that country.
Dr. Sylvanus G. Morley presented a photostated copy of the
Book of Chilam Balam; from Dr. Casey A. Wood was received a
copy of his Index to the Literature of Vertebrate Zoology as Found in
the Library of McGill University; from Mr. A. M. Henderson came
the second edition of Jappel’s Expedition to Borneo of H.M.S. “Dido.”
The Japan Society of New York presented Cram’s Impressions of
Japanese Architecture. The Fisheries Society of Japan sent the first
62 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
volume of its beautifully illustrated work, Illustrations of Japanese
Aquatic Plants and Animals. Mr. Jean Delacour of Cléres, France,
presented the four volumes of his Les oiseaux de l’ Indo-Chine francaise
which will be valuable to the Museum’s zoologists in work on the
large collections of animals recently received from Indo-China. From
the Harvey Bassler Foundation were received Die Indianer nordost
Peru and Menschen ohne Gott, both of which are especially valuable
additions because of Field Museum’s work in the part of the world
with which these books are concerned. From Mr. B. K. Smith
was received a copy of Buckland’s Reliquiae diluvianae.
Mr. G. A. Pfeiffer, of New York, presented the Library with
the Einganzungsheft und Register, which adds materially to the work-
ing value of the reprint of the four volumes of a rare work, Siebold’s
Nippon, which he gave to the Museum in 1930.
The story of the Vernay—Lang Kalahari Expedition of Field
Museum is recorded in three albums of photographs presented by
Mr. Arthur S. Vernay.
Among the purchases of the past year may be mentioned the
following: Bailey and Zoe, Hortus; Drude, Handbuch der Pflanzen-
geographie; Veitch, Hortus Veitchit; Vellosia; Buffon, Historie
naturelle mise en ordre par Lacépéde, seventy-six volumes, 1799-1809;
Byron, Voyage of the ‘‘Blonde,’”’ 1826; Dalgleish, Collection of Birds
from Uruguay, 1794; Kramer, Elenches vegetabilium et animalhum
per Austrian, etc., 1756; Meyer, Zoologische Annalen, 1794; Peters,
Check List of the Birds of the World, Volume 1; Siemssen, Handbuch
zur System kenntnis Mecklenburguschen Vogel; Stoddard, Bobwhite
Quail; Fischer, Chinese Painting of the Han Dynasty; Gann and
Thompson, History of the Mayas; Hooton, Up from the Ape; Sir
Arthur Keith, Early Man; Leakey, Stone Age Cultures of Kenya
Colony; Soulié, History of Chinese Art.
The courtesies of other libraries which have assisted the members
of the Museum staff by the loan of books are acknowledged with
appreciation. The John Crerar Library, the Library of Congress,
and the Library of the United States Department of Agriculture
have been especially generous with their material.
EXPEDITIONS AND RESEARCH
ANTHROPOLOGY.—During the year five expeditions were operating
in the interest of the Department of Anthropology.
The Field Museum Expedition to the Southwest, which was
inaugurated in 19380, resumed operations during the summer of this —
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 63
year, continuing its archaeological activities on the Lowry ruin in
southwestern Colorado. Assistant Curator Paul S. Martin, leader
of the expedition, left Chicago by motor car on May 30 and returned
to the city September 28. The length of time spent actually in the
field amounted to fifteen weeks. As in 1930, the expedition was
financed from the income of a fund donated by Mr. Julius Rosenwald
and the late Augusta N. Rosenwald.
During the expedition’s field operations from seven to nine men
were employed as diggers. The first task was to cap with cement,
for purposes of preservation, the tops of all the walls exposed last
year. Cement and sand were trucked from Dolores, Colorado,
thirty-two miles distant. Due to the local drought, it was necessary
to haul water fourteen miles. The cement was laid on the wall in
a trough-like fashion, with short stone gutters set at intervals, so
that all moisture would be carried away from the walls.
Excavations had meanwhile been started near the south end of
the pueblo on a kiva designated by Dr. Martin as Kiva B. Kiva B
is an early ceremonial chamber which had been abandoned and filled
with a loess deposit. In later times, another kiva (Kiva A, excavated
in 1980) had been built over it, so that it was necessary to dig through
the floor of Kiva A and to re-enforce the upper walls with timbers
to prevent them from collapsing. This was done so successfully
that not a single stone of the upper chamber fell. The loess deposit
which filled the lower kiva was excessively hard. The lowest level
of dirt had to be shoveled up and out some seventeen feet.
Particularly gratifying was the fact that the mural decorations
on the lower walls were well preserved. So far as is known, this is
the first time that such kiva paintings have ever been found in an
open, unprotected site. These decorations consist of two bands of
step designs painted with a white pigment of gypsum on the natural-
brown adobe plaster. Preservation of this bit of ancient art was
difficult, but finally eight coats of colorless varnish were applied.
A complete set of photographs and measurements was obtained, so
that at any time a replica of the entire design could be made, even
if the original were destroyed. It was impossible to remove any
of this painted plaster. Therefore, to protect it from vandals and
the elements, the kiva was refilled with dirt to a depth of about
fourteen feet.
Excavations were then continued in the dwelling rooms, eleven
of which were completely cleaned out. These rooms measured on
64 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
the average twenty feet in length, ten feet in width, and fourteen
feet in depth. In several of the rooms pottery caches were
discovered.
The excavations of last year were confined to one portion of the
pueblo. Asa result it had been assumed that the Lowry ruin was
the work of one people, known as the Mesa Verde people. This
year, however, the excavations revealed the fact that the rooms
unearthed in 1930 represented a late addition to and reoccupation
of the pueblo, and that the major part of the ruin is of a type known
as Chaco Canyon. The center of the Chaco Canyon culture is
located in the upper drainage of the San Juan River in New Mexico,
two hundred miles southeast of the Lowry ruin. The discovery of
this Chaco colony in Colorado may make it necessary to revise
some of the current theories regarding Southwest archaeology.
In addition to the work above described, three more kivas were
excavated this year, and a fourth was discovered. One of these was
decorated with mural paintings. Also, the Great Kiva of the Lowry
ruin was trenched from east to west. The internal construction of
this is similar to the Great Kiva at Aztec, New Mexico.
It is now possible to trace five different periods of building activity
in the Lowry ruin and at least seven separate occupations. Further
digging may make it necessary to add to this estimate.
Complete ground plans and cross sections of buildings were care-
fully made in the field. Drawings were made of designs on all
potsherds, and records were kept of their location in the stratigraphic
sequence. Several sketches were made to show the Lowry pueblo
as it probably looked in its prime. Fragments of ten wooden roof
beams were recovered, from which it is hoped a chronology of the
buildings may be obtained. One hundred and eight negatives show-
ing all phases of the work and much detail of masonry were taken,
and twelve hundred feet of motion picture film were exposed.
The results of this season’s work are both novel and interesting.
At the end of last season’s excavations it was not expected that
the Lowry pueblo would turn out to be a Chaco colony; and certainly
it was never imagined hitherto that the Chaco influence had pene-
trated to such a distance. Much of the pottery exhibits Chaco
affinities, and most of it is of a type which cannot, at present, be
correlated exactly with any other. Therefore, this pottery, which
is neither true Chaco nor Mesa Verde, will be known as ‘‘Lowry,”
pending further discoveries.
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate IX
*%
DETAIL OF CARBONIFEROUS FOREST GROUP
Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hail 38)
Showing one of the gigantic primitive dragonflies (Meganeura monyi), some of which had a spread
of wings of almost thirty inches. Reproduced in Stanley Field Plant Reproduction
Laboratories, Department of Botany of the Museum
Tit LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF iLLingys
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 65
Early in the season Dr. A. V. Kidder of the Division of Historical
Research, Carnegie Institution, Washington, D.C., visited the camp
of the expedition for three days and watched the work in progress.
The Third Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to British
Honduras, under the leadership of Assistant Curator J. Eric
Thompson, reached Belize, capital of British Honduras, at the end
of February. After a few days spent in outfitting in Belize, Mr.
Thompson left by boat for the town of Orange Walk, situated on
the New River in the north of the colony. Thence he traveled by
motor boat, lumber railroad, and mule to the village of San José in
the northern section of the Cayo district with the intention of
excavating a group of ruins at Kaxi Uinik, close to the Guatemalan
border. Owing to lack of labor and facilities for work this plan
proved impracticable, whereupon it was decided to excavate a group
of ruins lying some four miles east of the village of San José. This
site consists of a ceremonial plaza of the usual Maya type; i.e., it con-
tains one plain stela, and is flanked by a series of mounds the largest
of which attain heights of some thirty to forty feet. In addition to
this main group there are two smaller units consisting of low house-
mounds facing small courts, and a series of scattered mounds and
‘structures, including a ball court used for the ancient Maya cere-
monial ball game.
A hut was built, the camp was organized, and shortly excavations
began. During Easter week, when the Mayas can hardly be induced
to work, Mr. Thompson made a short archaeological reconnaissance
trip to Kaxi Uinik and the important sites of Chochkitam and La
Honradez in the Peten District of Guatemala. This trip yielded
much important information particularly with respect to architectural
development.
Despite a severe shortage of labor in the early stages of the work,
excavations continued until May except for a short interval When
Mr. Thompson, because of an accident, was forced to spend some
time away from camp. Owing to the approach of the rainy season,
and sickness, work at the San José ruins was stopped in May.
The pyramidal structures were the first scene of operations. One
of these proved to be a stone-faced terraced structure, on the summit
of which a wooden temple presumably once stood. Of this supposed
temple no traces were found, but the sub-structure revealed many
architectural details of considerable interest. The stairway on the
front (east side) was quite different from those usually encountered
on Maya pyramids, for the upper sections of the two top flights
66 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
were set within the terraces, instead of against the outside of the
terrace walls, as is the usual Maya practice. Stairways of a some-
what similar type have also been reported from Macanxoe and
Uaxactun.
In two mounds of the ceremonial group, votive caches containing
a number of unusual flints were found. Hitherto Field Museum
had not possessed examples of these peculiar objects. These flints
have been worked into fantastic designs, some of which undoubtedly
represent animals and human beings. The workmanship is in many
cases very delicate, and reveals the great mastery the Mayas had
over intractable flint.
Many burials were uncovered. In several cases the head of the
deceased had been placed in a coarse bowl covered with a second
bowl of the same type placed over it in an inverted position. Some-
times the heads apparently were too large for the space, and a
piece of the skull was then chopped off. The long bones of the
body usually were found accompanying the bowls containing these
heads, but in a few cases they were missing entirely.
With the burials were found numerous interesting objects such
as pottery vessels, obsidian knives, stone axes, and jade beads. In
one burial the associated objects included three oyster pearls, a jade
amulet, small jade ear-plugs, a very fine jade necklace, a small jade
wristlet, and a hematite disk. The pottery was invariably broken
into many pieces. This had usually been done before interment,
as pieces of the same pot were frequently dug up several feet apart.
One tripod vessel of outstanding merit is carved with a very delicate
scene showing seated figures with sweeping quetzal-feather head-
dresses holding ceremonial objects in their hands. The designs on
this vessel were made by cutting away the soft clay of the back-
ground before firing, so that they stand out in low relief. Among
other notable objects there are human teeth inlaid with jade disks,
and others with lower edges filed across.
All this material appears to belong to the Holmul V period, the
culminating point of which was between the seventh and ninth
centuries of our era. The culture of San José has much in common
with that encountered in the neighborhood of Mountain Cow Water
Hole by the First and Second Marshall Field Expeditions to British
Honduras. In addition to the collections obtained, much informa-
tion was gathered as to pottery types and their distribution, as
well as data on local developments of architecture and methods
of burial.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 67
The Museum is much indebted to the Belize Estate and Produce
Company of London for permission to dig on its lands, for much
assistance in transport, and for kind aid given in time of sickness.
The share of the collected objects belonging to this company,
under the terms of the concession, was subsequently purchased from
it by the Museum.
It was necessary to spend some time in Belize for the purpose
of obtaining permission from the colonial government to export the
collections. Operations were then transferred to the republic of
Guatemala. There the archaeological collections made by the
Carnegie Institution in the Peten District were studied in relation
to Field Museum collections from the neighboring regions, including
that of the present expedition. Ethnological work was carried on
both in Guatemala and British Honduras, and much folklore material
was collected.
A survey was made of the western highland region in anticipation
of an intensive study to be made of a single community at some future
date. After another week in Belize shipment of the collections was
completed, and the expedition returned to the United States early
in July. Mr. Thompson, on his way back, visited museums in New
York and Philadelphia for the purpose of discussing exchanges of
Central American material not at present represented in Field
Museum collections.
The Field Museum—Oxford University Joint Expedition to Meso-
potamia resumed operations at Kish. This, its ninth consecutive
season, ran from November 15, 1930, to March 15, 1931. Field
Museum’s participation in this expedition is sponsored by Mr.
Marshall Field. Mr. L. C. Watelin again was director of excavations
and was assisted by his son, Mr. René Watelin, and three assistants,
among whom is Mr. Robert Van Valzah, Jr., of Chicago. The
general supervision of the expedition’s activities, as in previous
years, was in the hands of Professor Stephen Langdon of Oxford
University.
Operations on the great temple area of Kish continued, yielding
inscribed tablets, quantities of cylinder seals, and royal tombs at
deep levels. Many other tombs were opened, revealing new types
of pottery. In one of these was found a chariot, but unfortunately
it was in bad condition. Some gold objects were found lying near
one of the tombs, testifying that gold circulated freely in the Kish
area at an early date. The northwest side of the stage tower was
cleared, and also the wide area north of the temple, which exposed
68 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
the side of the temple of the Hammurabi period. Important data
were secured as to the construction and extent of the grand ziggurat
or temple tower of Harsagkalamma. It was ascertained that the great
stage tower, constructed about 3000 B.c., lies directly over the old
Sumerian city. Beneath its outer western base were found the
richest early Sumerian tombs thus far found at Kish. Some of them
harbored chariots, skeletal remains of oxen, and harnesses. In the
neo-Babylonian temple glazed coffins containing magnificent gold
jewelry were brought to light.
Among interesting discoveries is a seal found about thirty feet
below the surface of the mound at plain level, bearing an inscription
in the style of the seals excavated at Mohenjo Daro and Harappa in
the upper Indus Valley. This is the first time that a seal of this
Indian type has been found in an early stratum in Mesopotamia.
With it was an object bearing a cuneiform inscription of a style
that assigns it to a date of about 2800 B.c.
The most interesting event of the season was the unexpected
discovery of two Persian palaces of the Sassanian dynasty (A.D. 226—
636). A palace building decorated with elaborate sculptures was
laid bare within a stone’s throw of the expedition’s major field of
operations. In the fourth century A.D. the power of the Persian
kings extended as far as the Euphrates Valley, and they were involved
in many wars with the Greek emperors of Byzantium. Hitherto
only one palace of the Sassanians had been known in Mesopotamia—
that at Ctesiphon near Bagdad. The first of the palaces now revealed
at Kish was laid out around a spacious court with a fountain. It
was supported by columns of bricks with glazed yellow bases. From
the court, doorways led into suites of rooms. The walls and the
interior of the doorways were covered with friezes carved in low
relief, and with sculptured heads. Fourteen finely modeled busts
were recovered in one of the doorways. Some of these may repre-
sent kings of the Sassanian dynasty and royal ladies. In one door-
way, on each side of the door posts, were twelve heads of women
arranged one above the other. There were numerous mural stuccos
with floral designs such as pomegranates, lotus, vine and grape,
and conventional rosettes, palmettos, and foliage. Others were
decorated with animal designs, such as a lion attacking a zebu, a
stag led by a chain fastened to its nostrils, and a naturalistic ram’s
head surrounded by eagle’s wings.
The second of the palaces discovered adjoined the first, and con- —
sisted mainly of a large nave which may have served as a court
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 69
room. This was supported by two rows of pillars. The walls of
this palace were decorated like those of the first, and yielded four
busts of a crowned and bearded Sassanian king with strong individ-
ualistic features. Blue and yellow glazed pottery was found in both
palaces.
The importance of these discoveries can hardly be exaggerated,
since but little of Sassanian art has survived in Persia proper owing
to the ravages of the country by the conquering Arabs. Sassanian
art made its influence widely felt in central Asia, and in China
under the T‘ang dynasty. As the Museum’s Chinese collections
contain a great deal of material which shows the Persian influence
of that epoch, especially in decorative design, the unexpected Persian
acquisitions coming from Kish are particularly welcome for com-
parative studies of art forms and motifs.
Word was received from Professor Langdon that, under the
direction of Mr. Watelin, Mr. Gerald Reitlinger of Oxford has con-
ducted excavations at Abu Sudaira, three miles to the east of the
main complex of mounds, revealing a large city of the Mongol period
(thirteenth to fourteenth century).
During the first half of 1931 Mr. J. Reid Moir successfully con-
tinued his excavations, inaugurated during the preceding year, at
the brickyards of Bolton and Company near Ipswich, England.
Mr. Moir reports that the finished flint implements from the pre-
Crag horizon show clearly that their makers had progressed a con-
siderable way on the evolutionary path. These flints belong to the
earliest period of human workmanship, and represent an important
collection of Pliocene artifacts from beneath the Red Crag of East
Anglia. Mr. Moir is at present engaged in preparing a complete
report on his excavations, which will be sent to the Museum in due
course.
The work of Miss Malvina Hoffman, the sculptor commissioned
to model life size figures, busts, and heads of the representative
types of the principal human races, made rapid progress during 1931.
Her sculptures will be executed in bronze, and will be exhibited in
Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall, which is to be devoted to the races
of mankind.
In the first part of the year Miss Hoffman worked at her Paris
studio and availed herself of the presence of African natives, who
had been brought to Paris for the Colonial Exposition, and who
served as models for her sculptures. Many of the full length subjects,
and also heads and busts, have already been completed in bronze.
70 FireLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. 1X
During May Miss Hoffman visited museums at Hamburg, Berlin,
Munich, Prague, and Vienna, and consulted the most eminent
anthropological authorities in these cities to familiarize herself with
the characteristic traits of European racial types. She was received
everywhere with great cordiality, and her requests for information
and photographs met with hearty response and many helpful sugges-
tions. In Vienna Miss Hoffman studied a new method of casting
in a material known as hominite.
After spending a week in Field Museum in consultation with the
staff of the Department of Anthropology, Miss Hoffman sailed from
San Francisco on October 2 for the Far East. She spent the month
of October in Hawaii, November in Japan, and December in the
capital of China.
The Bishop Museum of Honolulu accorded her full cooperation.
The chief result of her work in Hawaii is a life size portrait head of
a Hawaiian and another of a Samoan youth, from whom also a
sample of his wavy hair was obtained; also a life size drawing in
sanguine of a Samoan chief.
At Tokyo Miss Hoffman modeled life size heads of a Japanese
man and woman. While in Japan she was the recipient of courtesies
from Count Hirotaro Hayashi, member of the House of Peers and
professor of pedagogy in the Imperial University of Tokyo, and
many other officials and scholars.
From Tokyo she went to Tomakomai on the island of Yezo,
the home of the Ainu. With the assistance of Miss Yae Batchelor,
an Ainu and adopted daughter of Mr. John Batchelor, the famous
eighty-eight-year-old missionary, who has spent almost his entire
life among the Ainus, Miss Hoffman succeeded in obtaining as
subjects for study a typical old Ainu man and a middle-aged Ainu
woman and taking all necessary data, measurements, and photo-
graphs. These, with a model she made of a male Ainu head, will
enable her to make a full-length statue of an Ainu. As additional —
data, many still and motion pictures were taken of Ainus of all ages ©
from a number of villages.
Thanks to the courtesy of Dr. Davidson Black, Miss Hoffman
was permitted to make her headquarters in the Peking Union Medical
College, one of the Rockefeller foundations at Peiping, China. Miss
Hoffman made casts of two Chinese skulls showing the greatest
contrast in bone construction, and completed the life size heads of |
a northern Chinese and a Manchu. A riksha coolie was photographed
between the shafts of his carriage in characteristic action, and casts |
OO ee ry tay
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 71
of his hands on the shafts were made. A venerable Chinese artist
consented to pose with his paint brush in his right hand, of which
she made a negocoll cast. This was very difficult owing to the
position of the fingers, but the cast is reported as being perfect.
Numerous photographs were taken of both men and women, the
most prominent persons being the Living Buddha of Outer Mongolia
and his secretary, a Mongol Lama of high rank. Miss Hoffman left
China on the first of January to proceed to Bali, Java, Sumatra,
the Andamans, and India.
Much research work was performed by members of the Depart-
ment of Anthropology, and the large number of publications turned
out this year is especially gratifying. Mr. Ernest Mackay’s Report
on Excavations at Jemdet Nasr (Field Museum—Oxford University
Joint Expedition to Mesopotamia) was published, completing the
first volume of the Anthropology Memoirs of which it constitutes
the third number. It is provided with an index covering the entire
volume. This report is of interest to archaeologists in general in
that it deals with the painted pottery of Jemdet Nasr. As painted
pottery of this type has been found in recent years distributed over
a vast area, it presents an interesting problem that has aroused
much discussion.
Professor Roy L. Moodie’s Roentgenologic Studies of Egyptian
and Peruvian Mummies was issued as the third volume of the
Anthropology Memoirs. This study is based on roentgenograms of
mummies most of which are in the Museum’s collections. The x-ray
work was done, for the most part, by the Museum’s Division of
Roentgenology.
Curator Berthold Laufer is author of a paper, published by the
Museum, on The Domestication of the Cormorant in China and Japan
—the first of a series dealing with animal domestications in Asia.
Dr. J. Alden Mason, formerly on the staff of the Department and
now connected with the Museum of the University of Pennsylvania
in Philadelphia, prepared the first part of a report on his excavations
in Colombia carried on in 1922, and this was published by Field
Museum Press. An archaeological report by Assistant Curator
J. Eric Thompson on the work of the Marshall Field Archaeological
Expeditions to British Honduras, and a paper on Serpent Worship in
Africa by Assistant Curator Wilfrid D. Hambly, were also published.
Carved and Painted Designs from New Guinea by Assistant Curator
Albert B. Lewis, illustrated by fifty-two plates, forms No. 5 of the
72 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Anthropological Design Series and was issued in the beginning of
the year.
A report on the work in Angola, Africa, of the Frederick H.
Rawson-Field Museum Ethnological Expedition to West Africa,
prepared by Assistant Curator Hambly, leader of the expedition,
is now in press. The manuscript of Mr. Hambly’s report on the
same expedition’s work in Nigeria is almost completed. Dr. Ralph
Linton completed his work on the ethnology of the Tanala, based
on the results of the Marshall Field Anthropological Expedition to
Madagascar (1925-27), and this publication is now in press. A
handbook on the Ethnology of Melanesia, written by Assistant
Curator Lewis, is now in press and will be issued as Part 5 of the
Museum’s series of guide books.
Mr. Rowland Rathbun, Assistant Professor of the History of
Architecture at Armour Institute, Chicago, has begun a study of
the plan and structure of the Sassanian palaces discovered at Kish
and submits the following preliminary report: “The fragments of
bas-reliefs from the two Sassanian palaces at Kish thus far received
have been sorted as to locations in the palaces and as to decorative
motives. Many of these fragments are being pieced together and
repaired. Restorational drawings are being made of the plans and
interior rooms from these sculptured examples. Upon reviewing
this material one is greatly impressed by the extreme variety of
patterns and the character in which they are executed. The balance
of these fragments expected next year will fill in many of the missing
pieces needed for a more complete restoration of these two palaces.”
BoTANy.—During 1931 no expeditions were conducted by the
Department of Botany for the purpose of obtaining exhibition or
study material. However, the work of photographing historic type
specimens of tropical American plants in European herbaria, under
a generous grant of funds made for the purpose by the Rockefeller
Foundation, was continued by Assistant Curator J. Francis Maebride,
who has been engaged in this task since the summer of 1929.
Excellent progress may now be reported in the prosecution of
this important undertaking. There have been prepared during the
past three years approximately 18,500 negatives illustrating type
or other historic specimens of American plants, a series whose value
for study purposes scarcely can be overestimated. Prints from these
negatives, when distributed into a herbarium, facilitate the work of
determination to an astonishing degree. They add to any American
et ie
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 73
herbarium representation of thousands of species confined hitherto
to the larger European herbaria, and therefore formerly studied in
American herbaria only through the original descriptions.
Many of the early descriptions of American plants are annoyingly
deficient, and so brief that they fail to mention many of the characters
now considered important by systematic botanists. The photographs
are often nearly as good for study purposes as the specimens them-
selves. In consulting the prints as they are filed in the Herbarium
of Field Museum, ordinarily a mere glance is sufficient to give a
definite idea of the plant represented. Thus the species illustrated
may be excluded from further consideration, without the necessity
of searching out and reading the original description.
Mr. Macbride has spent the greater part of his time at the
extraordinarily rich herbarium of the Botanical Museum at Berlin-
Dahlem, Germany, and he has now practically completed the photo-
graphing of the So..th American types in that collection. The work,
therefore, will be extended to other institutions possessing important
collections of South American plants.
In 1930 many types of the Munich Herbarium, particularly those
of the Martius Brazilian herbarium and others studied by the late
Dr. Ludwig Radlkofer, were photographed. In the winter of 1930-31
Mr. Macbride spent several weeks at Geneva, Switzerland. There
he obtained photographs of South American types in the DeCandolle
Herbarium, one of the most famous and most important of all the
herbaria in the world, because it was the basis of the first serious
attempt to publish a flora of the whole earth. Since specimens of
this collection never are lent, photographs of them are extremely
desirable not only for American herbaria but almost equally so for
those of Europe.
Mr. Macbride also photographed certain types of the Delessert
Herbarium, maintained by the city of Geneva, with which the
DeCandolle Herbarium is housed. In his work at the Conservatory
and Botanic Garden he was extended every possible assistance
through the unfailing courtesy of Dr. John Isaac Briquet, whose
recent untimely death is mourned by botanists the world over,
many of whom had enjoyed his hospitality and kindness.
Other types were photographed at the Boissier Herbarium of the
University of Geneva, which likewise contains important collections
of South American plants, particularly the extensive Hassler series
from Paraguay. At the university the success of Mr. Macbride’s
work was due largely to the sympathetic reception that he received
74 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
from Dr. Robert Chodat, the well-known monographer of the
family Polygalaceae.
The completion of the task of photographing the Berlin types
represents an immense amount of labor that has been well and faith-
fully accomplished. It is not to be assumed that every tropical
American type in this vast herbarium has been photographed.
Certain groups have been omitted purposely, since the plants belong-
ing to them are of such a nature—species based usually upon minute
or microscopic characters—that photographs of them would have
little value for determinative or descriptive work.
The superior quality of the photographs thus far obtained is
attested to by all competent persons who have examined them. As
a result of the care exercised the specimens are reproduced with
unusual fidelity to detail. To those engaged in monographic work,
who are unable to visit personally the European herbaria, they are
indispensable. There has been a gratifying demand upon the part
of North and South American institutions for prints of these type
negatives; indeed, a desire for them has been almost unanimous
among the institutions approached, the only obstacle to the distri-
bution of a large number of sets being financial difficulties upon the
part of the herbaria concerned. Under improved economic condi-
tions there should be a large demand. The prints, of course, are
being offered for sale at the mere cost of making them.
As it is, complete or partial sets of the prints, so far as they have
become available, have been supplied through sale or exchange to
five of the principal herbaria of the United States. A complete set
of prints from the negatives obtained at Geneva has been deposited
in the Berlin herbarium. At Field Museum prints have been made
from the negatives as rapidly as possible, and mounted and dis-
tributed into the Herbarium. Here they are available to any visiting
botanist.
It would be amiss to record the completion of the work at Berlin
without mentioning the unfailing consideration of the Director, Dr.
Ludwig Diels, and the members of his staff, who patiently and con-
scientiously have contributed to the success of this long task. Their
continued courtesy is deeply appreciated by Field Museum.
Through the year constant use of the Museum Herbarium has
been made by members of the staff of the Department of Botany
and by visitors to the Museum. During 1931 there were published
at least thirty-three papers based wholly or in part upon the collec-
tions—probably the number is greater, since it is almost certain
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 75
that some papers by outside writers have not come to the attention
of the Museum. The majority of these papers were written by
members of the staff, but others were prepared by persons who
had borrowed material for study.
During 1931 Associate Curator Paul C. Standley published twenty
papers based more or less directly upon collections in the Museum
Herbarium. The largest of these was Volume X of the Botanical
Series of Field Museum, devoted to Flora of the Lancetilla Valley,
Honduras. This publication consists of 418 pages of descriptive text,
accompanied by sixty-eight photogravure plates illustrating scenery
and plants of the northern coast of Honduras. It is based upon collec-
tions made by the author about the port of Tela during the winter of
1927-28, and contains brief descriptions of the plants found there,
with notes regarding their local uses and their vernacular names.
The introduction describes the more prominent general features of
the vegetation. The volume is the first complete descriptive flora
ever published for any part of Central America.
A paper of fifty-six pages, written by Mr. Standley and published
by Field Museum, is devoted to The Cyperaceae of Central America,
being an account of the sedges native to the area treated. He is
the author also of three parts of Volume VII of the Botanical Series
of Field Museum, all devoted to plants of the family Rubiaceae, the
group containing coffee, madder, and the cinchona or quinine-
producing trees. These parts deal respectively with The Rubiaceae of
Ecuador, The Rubtaceae of Bolivia, and The Rubiaceae of Venezuela,
each paper being a complete enumeration of the plants of the family
known from the country covered. These three papers, with one upon
the same group as represented in Colombia that was published in
1930, complete Volume VII, which consists wholly of studies upon
this group of plants. The volume contains descriptions of a large
number of new species found in the collections made recently in
South America by North American collectors, or in older series from
European herbaria that were lent for study by the institutions
possessing them.
In Tropical Woods, the periodical published under the editor-
ship of Professor Samuel J. Record of the School of Forestry of
Yale University, who is also Associate in Wood Technology of Field
Museum, Mr. Standley published three brief papers: one describing
Talisia Floresiz, a new fruit tree of the soapberry family discovered
in Yucatan by Dr. Roman S. Flores; another entitled “Two New
Trees from South America’’; and a third upon “‘Vernacular Names
76 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
of Sinaloa Trees Collected by J. G. Ortega.’’ In Science for March 6,
1931, he published brief obituary notices and appreciations of Dr.
Ignatius Urban of Berlin-Dahlem, one of the most eminent and
most beloved of German botanists, and of Dr. Erik L. Ekman, a
Swedish botanist whose exploration in Cuba and Haiti during the
past few years has revealed an abundance of new species whose
existence there scarcely had been suspected. Dr. Ekman’s collec-
tions are represented in a gratifying manner in the Museum Her-
barium, through large series of duplicates of them received from
the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet of Stockholm.
Other Field Museum contributions to Tropical Woods were ““The
Forests of Northeastern Peru” and ‘‘The Occurrence of Walnut in
Northeastern Peru” by Mr. Llewelyn Williams, Assistant in Wood
Technology, both based on observations made by him during his
work as a member of the Marshall Field Botanical Expedition to
the Amazon in 1929-80. There also appeared in this publication
some reviews of recent Brazilian botanical literature by Acting
Curator B. E. Dahlgren.
A paper by Associate Curator Standley appeared in Unifruitco
for July, 1931, and was entitled “The Debt of Natural History to
the United Fruit Company.”’ It dealt with the generous cooperation
of that American corporation in scientific exploration and study in
Central America and other parts of the tropics.
The third number of Volume XI of the Botanical Series of Field
Museum consists of two papers by Mr. Standley, entitled The
Nyctaginaceae of Northwestern South America, and The Chenopodiaceae
of Northwestern South America. The former describes all the members
of the four-o’clock family that are known to occur in Venezuela,
Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia, and the second the plants of the
pigweed family that grow in the same countries. These papers,
like the one upon the sedges of Central America, are not monographic
in treatment, but are intended to serve as aids to the determination
of material collected in the regions covered.
Mr. Standley published as No. 5 of Volume VIII of the Botanical
Series of Field Museum a paper entitled Studies of American Plants
—V. This consists largely of descriptions of new plants of the family
Rubiaceae that were detected during the study of a large number
of plants received during the year by the Museum, either on loan
or for its permanent collections.
During the year Assistant Curator Macbride published two papers
as Nos. 1 and 2 of Volume XI of the Botanical Series—Spermato-
oe
a
a
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR vith
phytes, Mosily Peruvian—III, and Spermatophytes, Mostly Peruvian—
IV. These are devoted chiefly to descriptions of important new
species of Peruvian plants discovered by the various Marshall Field
expeditions of Field Museum to Peru in recent years.
A large quantity of miscellaneous palm material has in the course
of years been accumulated in the Museum, especially in the economic
and exhibition collections. Efforts to reduce this to order and to
determine unidentified material led first to a card index of the collec-
tions, and later to a list of genera and species with common names,
in which corrections were made from time to time in accordance
with changes in the synonymy. Begun years ago, this was carried
on intermittently with slight promise of reaching completion to any
definite date until recently, when Field Museum, with the financial
assistance of the Rockefeller Foundation, undertook the task of
obtaining photographs of type specimens of tropical American plants
in foreign herbaria. In this connection the desirability of a complete
check list of species of American palms, with indication of the type
collections to be photographed, became evident. This prompted
some intensive work, with a checking of all references on the American
part of the list and as a result an Index to New World Palms, by |
Acting Curator B. E. Dahlgren and Mr. José Frambach, will be
published as No. 1 of Volume XIII of the Field Museum Botanical
Series.
The Bulletin of the Pan American Union in its June issue carried
an illustrated article by Mr. Williams entitled ‘East of the Andes.”
The account deals with the principal commodities exported from
that vast and largely undeveloped territory. The writer also traces
the development of aviation and lumbering in those regions during
recent years.
A similar article by Mr. Williams appeared in the March issue
of the Pan-American Magazine. In this article the author set forth
his impressions of the montafia or forest region of Peru.
For the Journal of Forestry, Mr. Williams prepared an article
on “Woods and Forest Botany at Field Museum of Natural History.”
In this paper he traces the history of the Museum’s collection of
North American woods and describes the manner in which the
specimens have been secured and the present method of displaying
them. A brief description of the installations in the Hall of Foreign
Woods is followed by an account of other activities, such as expedi-
tions and researches of the Museum in their bearing on forestry.
78 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Of papers issued by botanists of other institutions, several of
importance contain mention of Field Museum material. Most
important, perhaps, is one by Dr. H. A. Gleason of the New York
Botanical Garden, appearing in the April number of the Bulletin of
the Torrey Botanical Club. This paper of forty-eight pages, entitled
“Recent Collections of Melastomataceae from Peru and Amazonian
Brazil,” enumerates the plants of this important tropical family
obtained by Mr. Williams for Field Museum during the course of
his explorations in Amazonian Peru.
Mr. Ellsworth P. Killip of the United States National Museum
published in the Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences,
Volume 21, No. 15, a paper entitled ‘““New Plants Mainly from
Western South America—III,”’ in which he described a new passion-
flower, Passiflora loretensis, based upon specimens collected in the
department of Loreto, Peru, by Mr. Williams; also Valeriana
oligodonta, the type of which is a Peruvian specimen in the Field
Museum Herbarium presented by Professor Fortunato L. Herrera.
Mr. Emery C. Leonard of the same museum published in the Journal
of the Washington Academy of Sciences a paper upon “The Genus
Mendoncia in Peru.” In his account of this group of the acanthus
family various collections from Field Museum expeditions were cited.
Dr. S. F. Blake of the United States Department of Agriculture
published in the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington
a paper with the title “Six New South American Species of Verbesina.””
Two of the species that he describes are based upon material collected
for Field Museum in Peru by Dr. August Weberbauer. Mrs. Eva
M. Fling Roush of the Arnold Arboretum in her “Synopsis of
Robinsonella,” in Volume XII of the Journal of the Arnold Arboretum,
lists the specimens of this genus that exist in the Field Museum
Herbarium. This genus of the mallow family is confined to Mexico
and Central America, and is remarkable for the great beauty of the
trees composing it.
Rev. F. E. Wimmer, the well-known authority upon the lobelia
family, in a paper published in the Repertorium specierum novarum,
Volume 29, described a new species from Costa Rica, Burmeistera
obtusifolia, based upon a specimen in the Herbarium of Field Museum.
In naming the large series of specimens sent him for study at
Berlin, Assistant Curator Macbride has had the kind assistance of
some of the specialists on the staff of the Berlin Museum. Mr. M.
Burret has determined some of the palms, and in a recent paper
upon American palms in the Noftizblatt of the Berlin Garden he
EOE
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 79
has described two new ones, Geonoma comptoneura and Taenianthera
oligosticha, collected in the department of Loreto, Peru, for Field
Museum by Mr. Williams. Dr. Reinhard Knuth of the Berlin staff
has described in Volume 29 of the Repertortum specierum novarum
a plant of the yam family, Dioscorea quispicanchensis, collected for
Field Museum in Peru by Dr. Weberbauer.
The extensive collections of plant specimens received during the
year have so fully occupied the staff of the Herbarium that at times
it has been difficult to care for all of them promptly. Their prepara-
tion for study, labeling in many instances, mounting, and distribu-
tion into the Herbarium have required constant attention. Even
more exacting was the task of determining many thousands of them
in order that they might be distributed into their proper places in
the Herbarium. Nevertheless all specimens received have been
given reasonably prompt attention. The only work in arrears is
the mounting, and this is largely a legacy from former years.
There have been submitted to the Museum Herbarium for
critical determination 163 lots of plants of which a record was kept,
and these comprised 11,186 specimens, an impressive total. The
material was received from individuals and institutions in all parts
of the United States and Alaska. Of the foreign countries from
which material was sent for determination, either on loan or for
permanent preservation in the Herbarium, there may be mentioned
Germany, Sweden, France, Union of Socialistic Soviet Republics,
Switzerland, England, Denmark, Japan, Hawaii, Argentina, Brazil,
Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Cuba, Panama,
Costa Rica, Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico.
Many fresh plants from the Chicago region were identified for
a large number of persons who brought them to the Museum or
forwarded them by mail. Since in most instances these specimens
were not preserved, no statistical account of them can be furnished.
They were submitted chiefly by teachers and students, or by indi-
viduals particularly interested in local natural history. It might be
remarked that while most of the plants received in this manner are
common ones of no value for permanent preservation, there often
are acquired plants extremely rare or not previously recorded in
the area, and these furnish data of value for a record of the local
flora. There have been identified, also, a large number of plants
received by the General Biological Supply House of Chicago from
its correspondents in all parts of the United States.
80 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Much of the material received for determination in 1981, espe-
cially in the case of collections submitted on loan, consisted of
tropical American Rubiaceae. Since this material had not been
identified previously, study of it disclosed a substantial number of
new species, and specimens that illustrated important extensions of
distribution for species already described. ‘The new information
thus brought to light has been made the basis of several papers by
Associate Curator Standley, already published or in press, upon the
Rubiaceae of South America and other parts of tropical America.
The largest collection studied and determined during the year
consisted of 1,348 specimens of Rubiaceae from the Delessert Her-
barium of the Conservatory and Botanic Garden of Geneva, Swit-
zerland. It comprised all the tropical American material of the
first part of the family in that herbarium, and, although most of
the specimens already had been named, they were sent for critical
revision. Its packing and shipment required a large amount of labor,
for which Field Museum is greatly indebted to the courtesy of the
late Dr. John Isaac Briquet. The shipment was rich in collections
of early botanical explorers, such as Ruiz and Pavon in Peru, and
contained numerous historic specimens that were photographed
before they were returned to Geneva. It included also many species
of which no authentic material had been examined previously, and
thus made possible a more critical revision of the determinations of
the Museum collections.
A shipment of Rubiaceae almost equally extensive was received
on loan from the Museum of Natural History of Paris. This sending
of 1,226 specimens consisted of undetermined tropical American
material from the vast Paris Herbarium, some of which was collected
more than a century and a half ago. Especially valuable was the
great number of Venezuelan plants, particularly those obtained along
the Orinoco by the French explorer Chaffanjon, who ascended that
river almost to its source. The Paris series contained hundreds of
Brazilian plants from pioneer collections such as those made by
Saint-Hilaire, Gay, Weddell, and Goudot. Even more welcome
were the plants of Funck and Schlim, Triana, and Linden from
Colombia and Venezuela. The Brazilian collections mentioned were
for the most part not available to the compilers of the Flora Brasi-
ensis, and they contained a surprisingly large number of species
not reported for the Brazilian flora in that exhaustive monograph.
Through the courtesy of Dr. Gunnar Samuelsson there arrived
from the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet of Stockholm two loans total-
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 81
ing 651 specimens, chiefly of South American Rubiaceae. While
they included many unusual plants obtained by older collectors,
such as Mosén and Regnell, they were more remarkable for the
collections of recent explorers, notably Dusén and Malme who col-
lected in southern Brazil. These collections yielded an unexpectedly
large number of species that had not been known to earlier students
of the family.
An important loan from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,
England, submitted by the Director, Sir Arthur W. Hill, contained
737 mounted sheets, principally of South American plants of the
same family. The Kew collections were interesting on account of
the many specimens obtained almost a hundred years ago in Brazil
by Gardner and Burchell, as well as for those obtained later in the
same country by Glaziou and Ule, and for the plants collected in
the Amazon Valley by Traill and Weir. There were also specimens
of the incomparable collection made along the Amazon and its
tributaries by Richard Spruce, who was the first to explore inten-
sively that inexhaustible region. Although Spruce’s series always
have been a desideratum among monographers of plant groups,
some of them still await study, and they are rich in rare or unnamed
species, since regions that he visited never have been reached by
recent collectors. The Kew sending included a few exceptionally
interesting plants from the state of Tabasco, discovered by J. N.
Rovirosa, the only collector who has worked in that remote part
of Mexico.
From the Jardin Botanique Principal of Leningrad there were
received on loan for determination 766 sheets of American plants,
chiefly Mexican. These represented the work of some of the earliest
botanists who visited Mexico, and while most of the collections had
been determined previously in other herbaria, there was a notable
exception in the plants gathered by Karwinsky. His admirably
annotated series is represented but meagerly elsewhere than at
Leningrad, and it was found to contain several plants new to the
Mexican flora, in addition to material of many rare species.
From the University Botanic Museum of Copenhagen, through
the kindness of Dr. Carl Christensen, there were lent for study 178
specimens from Mexico and Central America obtained by the cele-
brated collectors, Oersted and Liebmann. The latter assembled in
Mexico probably the largest number of herbarium specimens ever
collected there by any one man. Oersted was the pioneer collector in
Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Dr. Christensen generously permitted
82 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
Field Museum to retain fragments of some of the more ample speci-
mens, and thus there was added to the Herbarium a representation
of several species of Mexican and Central American plants previously
lacking.
In the case of all the collections mentioned, the more interesting
specimens were photographed in the Museum. The photographs
thus obtained form a valuable addition to the study collections,
and also are available for exchange with other herbaria.
The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University submitted for
determination 143 sheets of Rubiaceae from various parts of tropical
America. The majority of them were collected in Cuba.
Associate Curator Standley devoted much time to critical deter-
mination of these various collections of American Rubiaceae, and
included part of the information obtained from their study in his
paper upon The Rubiaceae of Venezuela which was published during
the year. Descriptions of many of the new species from other
countries appeared in Studies of American Plants—V, issued in June,
1931, and others are included in a similar paper now in press.
Much of the most valuable herbarium material acquired by the
Museum each year is received in return for determinations supplied
for the plants. During 1931 several particularly valuable lots were
secured in this manner.
The past twelve months have seen unprecedented botanical
activity on Barro Colorado Island in Gatun Lake in the Canal
Zone, where there is maintained the laboratory of the Institute for
Research in Tropical America, to which Field Museum is a con-
tributor of funds. Several botanists visited the island in 1931, and
obtained there ample series of specimens. Dr. L. H. Bailey of
Ithaca, New York, and his daughter, Miss Ethel Zoe Bailey, pre-
sented to Field Museum 250 desirable specimens which they collected
on Barro Colorado during the summer, and submitted an equal
number of others that were named and returned. Professor C. L.
Wilson of Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, presented
an interesting series of 185 numbers of the island plants. From Mr.
James Zetek, the Curator of the Barro Colorado laboratory, there
have been received several collections obtained during the late
summer and early winter, amounting in all to 928 well-prepared
specimens of plants. These were made by several collectors who
have visited the island lately. Besides those retained by Field
Museum, there were returned to Mr. Zetek a large number of
duplicate specimens to be used in forming a herbarium on Barro
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 83
Colorado Island. Such a reference collection will now be available
to the increasing number of scientists who visit the laboratory each
year to conduct research in the several branches of natural science.
The most noteworthy part of the sendings made by Mr. Zetek
consisted of plants from a native Panamanian collector, Mr. Silvestre
Aviles, whose intimate knowledge of the forest has enabled him to
discover a large number of rare plants that had escaped eyes not
so well trained to the details of the forest.
As a result of recent collecting on Barro Colorado Island, the
list of the known flora has been greatly extended, until it now
amounts to almost a thousand species, a remarkable record for an
area of only six square miles. Mr. Standley has published three
lists of Barro Colorado plants, one of them in Volume IV of the
Botanical Series of Field Museum. There is now being prepared a
paper listing the recent additions and describing several new species,
which will be published early in the coming year.
Another large collection of plants determined during 1931 con-
sisted of 576 specimens collected in 1980 in the Sierra de San Carlos,
Tamaulipas, Mexico, by Professor H. H. Bartlett of the University
of Michigan. This remote rocky range never had been visited
previously by a botanical collector. Consequently, taking into con-
sideration the fact that these isolated mountains of the desert regions
almost always possess endemic species, it was not surprising to find
that this collection contained a substantial number of plants new
to the Mexican flora. It included also several plants that had not
before been found so far north in Mexico, and, rather surprisingly,
others from the United States whose existence in Mexico had not
been suspected.
Two important lots of British Honduras plants were received for
determination during the year. One consisted of 147 specimens made
in the northern part of the colony by Mr. William C. Meyer of
Columbia University in connection with his work upon chicle-
producing plants. The other contained 155 numbers collected in
southern British Honduras by Mr. William A. Schipp. Like Mr.
Schipp’s collections of previous years, this sending contained a high
percentage of unusual or new plants. Some of those collected in
the pine woods that characterize the region are reminiscent of the
flora of the pinelands of southern Florida. Particularly is this true
in the case of the rather numerous Utricularias or bladderworts—
small, curiously constructed plants that grow in water or in wet soil.
84 Fre.p Museum or NATURAL HistorY—REPportTs, VOL. x4
There were determined sixty-three plants sent from the republic
of Salvador by Dr. Salvador Calderén, whose diligent labors in that”
country have resulted in the compilation of much information gard—
ing its varied flora. Mr. C. H. Lankester of Cartago, Costa Ri |
submitted eighty-ome specimens of the rarer Costa Rican plants,
including material of the recently described Ruyschia phylladema,
collected on his property. This is an epiphytic woody plant of the
Maregravia family. . |
For the Companhia Ford Industrial do Brasil there were dete
mined 228 specimens, many of which were important — plants
now being tested at that company’s plantations on the /
River with a view to ascertaining their commercial possibilitie
There was named at Field Museum also a portion of the collection
made by Mr. Guillermo Klug m Peru and Colombia, along the)
Putumayo River. The expedition made by Mr. Klug along this
stream of notorious reputation is valuable because it serves to connect
the floras of Colombia and Peru. He seems to possess an excep-
tionally keen eye for detecting the unusual among plants, and all
his collections from the eastern Andean region have given most
satisfactory results when studied.
Two hundred numbers of Mexican plants were determined f
Mr. Jests Gonzalez Ortega, an engineer of Mazatlan, Mexico. ae |
are a continuation of Mr. Gonzdlez’s collections of former yea |
which amount to several thousand numbers of well-prepared plant
specimens. Although Simaloa is not one of the least explored of —
Mexican states, his work has established the occurrence there o
hundreds of plants overlooked by less capable collectors. Another |
Mexican collection, presented to the Museum in return for deter- —
mination, consisted of 135 specimens gathered by Mr. H. W. von |
Rozynski in the vicimity of Jaumave, Mexico. Although smallp |
this collection contained ome new species, and in the compara-
tively well-worked north Mexican flora new species are now rathe
infrequent. F.
There were determined for Mr. George L. Fisher of Houston
Texas, 221 numbers of plants which he had collected in various
parts of Texas and in southern New Mexico. Assistance was giver
also in the determimation of forty-eight plants received from Dr
Rudolf Probst of Langendorf, Switzerland. These were collected |
in waste ground in Switzerland, and consisted largely of North
American plants the seeds of which had been imported by acciden
with wool from the United States.
AND AWANSE
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 85
Associate Curator Standley prepared for the Flora of Peru a
treatment of the families Chenopodiaceae and Amaranthaceae. In
connection with this work there were prepared accounts of the
same families as they are represented in Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia,
and Venezuela. A short paper enumerating the Chenopodiaceae
already has been published in the Botanical Series of Field Museum,
under the title The Chenopodiaceae of Northwestern South America.
A paper treating the Amaranthaceae is ready for the press. Work
upon these two groups was aided substantially by a loan from the
United States National Museum of 679 sheets of South American
plants. This loan was made through the courtesy of Dr. William
R. Maxon and Mr. Ellsworth P. Killip.
By working long hours outside the customary scheduled ones,
Assistant Curator Macbride has completed the first installment of
the Flora of Peru, upon which he has been engaged for several years
through field exploration and herbarium study. The first part of
the proposed flora, covering the early families of the usual sequence
of flowering plants up to the Orchidaceae, has been submitted for
printing. It will form by itself a fair-sized volume, which will be
of the highest value to all students of the Andean vegetation. The
Flora is a descriptive one, containing an account of all the families,
genera, and species known to occur in Peru, with keys for their
recognition. ‘The account of the grasses has been compiled by
Associate Curator Standley. The treatment of the bromeliads or
Bromeliaceae, the pineapple family so lavishly represented in Peru,
has been contributed by Dr. Lyman B. Smith of the Gray Herbarium
of Harvard University; that of the highly ornamental plants of the
genus Bomarea of the family Amaryllidaceae by Mr. Ellsworth P.
Killip of the United States National Museum.
During the year Mr. Macbride prepared various papers deal-
ing with rare Peruvian plants collected by the several Museum
expeditions to Peru, under Mr. Macbride, Mr. Williams, and Dr.
Weberbauer. He also studied some of the early and historically
- important Peruvian collections which are preserved in the herbaria
_ of Berlin and Geneva.
Mr. Hermann C. Benke of Chicago has devoted some of his
_ time to study of Mississippi Valley plants in the Museum Herbarium.
He has determined, also, portions of his own extensive collections
of United States plants which he has contributed so generously from
time to time to the Herbarium.
86 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
The numerous reconstructions of fossil plants which compose
the Carboniferous swamp forest group completed during the year
for the historical geology exhibits in Ernest R. Graham Hall, were
prepared in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories
in the Department of Botany. The planning and the scientific
responsibility for the paleontological reconstructions, botanical and
zoological, devolved on the Acting Curator of Botany who through-
out the course of the work enjoyed the generous cooperation of
Professor A. C. Noé, the paleobotanist of the University of Chicago.
Professor Noé’s intimate knowledge of the Pennsylvanian flora was
freely placed at the disposal of the Museum. His advice and
collaboration in the solution of the many technical paleobotanical
questions arising at all stages of the work have contributed greatly
to the final success of the undertaking. His readiness to grant to
the Museum the loan of specimens from the extensive collections
in his care, and his many visits, often accompanied by sections of his
classes, to the laboratories of the Department of Botany, furnish
an example of the perfect kind of cooperation which at times may
be effected between related departments of the Museum and the
university.
Details concerning the reconstructions of fossil plants and animals
which enter into the Carboniferous forest group will be found in the
section of this Report that deals with the new exhibits of the Depart-
ment of Geology (p. 160). A brief description of the group appeared
in Field Museum News of October, 1981. A more extended account
of it has been prepared by the Acting Curator of Botany for
publication in the Museum’s Geological Leaflet Series and is now
in press.
During 1931 the Department of Botany distributed in exchange
15,641 herbarium specimens and photographs of plants to a large |
number of institutions and individuals in many parts of the United ©
States and Europe. Through its exchanges with other institutions
the Museum receives some of the most valuable herbarium material |
that it acquires, collections that could not be obtained in any other —
manner. During the past year the Herbarium has received approx-
imately 11,000 specimens as return exchanges. A large part of the
exchange material dispatched from the Museum consisted of dupli- —
cate specimens obtained in Peru by the Marshall Field Expeditions, —
and there were shipped, besides, several sets of the plants gathered _
in Yucatan by the late Dr. G. F. Gaumer, which formed the basis
of the Flora of Yucatan published by the Museum in 19380.
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 87
Part of the material distributed consisted of duplicate mounted
sheets removed from the Herbarium. Years ago there were purchased
by the Museum several large private herbaria, all of whose specimens
were distributed into the permanent collections. It has been found
that these often duplicate one another, and such duplicates are being
removed as they are discovered in order to provide needed room in
the storage cases.
The loans of mounted sheets from the Herbarium during the
past year amounted to 4,815 specimens, sent out in forty-three lots
to almost as many institutions and individuals. Of this total, 2,213
represent Peruvian collections sent to Assistant Curator Macbride
at Berlin for study and determination in connection with his work
upon the flora of Peru. The rest of the material consisted partly
of collections that were sent to specialists for identification, but
chiefly of loans made to students engaged in monographing limited
groups of American plants.
To Dr. Carl Epling of the University of California at Los Angeles,
there were lent 624 sheets of Salvia from North America, to facilitate
his monographic studies of that large genus of the mint family.
There were sent to Dr. Francis W. Pennell of the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia 469 sheets of the family Scrophulariaceae,
for use in a detailed account that he is preparing of this family as
it is represented in the northwestern United States. To the Phila-
delphia Academy there were lent also thirty-eight specimens of
Phlox, for study by Dr. E. T. Wherry of the University of Pennsyl-
vania, who is engaged in monographing this complicated group of
United States plants.
There were forwarded to the New York Botanical Garden sixty-
three specimens of Callicarpa, at the request of Mr. Harold Moldenke,
who, after completing his account of the genus Aegiphila, for which
the Museum material was borrowed, is continuing with this second
group of the same family, the Verbenaceae. In this connection
should be mentioned the Museum’s indebtedness to Mr. Moldenke
for his loan of sixty-five negatives of type and other important speci-
mens of the genus Aegiphila from American and European herbaria.
Prints of these negatives were made in the Museum and are now
deposited for reference in the Herbarium.
To the New York Botanical Garden there were lent twenty
specimens of the genus Maieta, for study by Dr. H. A. Gleason,
and 226 Peruvian plants of the family Melastomataceae, including
the types of several species described by Assistant Curator Macbride.
88 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Professor M. L. Fernald of the Gray Herbarium of Harvard
University received from Field Museum on loan 216 sheets of
Potamogeton of the United States, the material of a particular group
in this genus of pondweeds with the study of which he is engaged.
He returned the material carefully annotated, and with unusual
promptness.
Another loan of herbarium specimens made during 1931 consisted —
of thirty-one sheets of the genus Swertia, for study at the Missouri
Botanical Garden, St. Louis. To Miss Ethel I. Sanborn of the
University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, thirty-two sheets of American
plants were lent for comparison with fossil plants in the study of
which she is interested.
Of several sendings of Peruvian plants for study, the largest
consisted of 365 sheets of Piper and Peperomia to Dr. William
Trelease of the University of Illinois, who is preparing for the Flora
of Peru the account of this difficult and complex group of tropical
plants. Among the Museum collections of Piperaceae Dr. Trelease
has discovered a large number of new species, as was confidently to
be expected in a region where so little collecting had been done
previously.
Twenty-five specimens of Peruvian plants of the lobelia family
were lent to Rev. F. E. Wimmer of Vienna, the well-known monog-
rapher of the group. Eighty-seven Polygalaceae were sent to Dr.
Robert Chodat of the University of Geneva, Switzerland, who for
many years has been publishing monographic accounts of the family.
Fourteen sheets of critical lichen species were lent to Miss Joyce
Hedrick of the University of Michigan, who is completing the manual
of North American lichens left unfinished by the late Professor
Bruce Fink. In addition, there were sent to Miss Hedrick twenty-
one photographs of lichens, with a view to their possible use as
illustrations in the forthcoming volume.
As in previous years exchanges of hand specimens from the
Museum’s duplicate collection were made with individuals and
institutions interested in the study of woods. To Professor Emanuel
Fritz of the University of California the Museum sent 137 specimens
of East Indian, Paraguayan, Brazilian and North American woods
for study purposes. Yale University School of Forestry received
123 study and exhibition specimens of woods of Brazil, Paraguay,
and the United States.
In exchange for material received by the Museum in 1929, 146
hand samples of woods of the United States, Brazil, Paraguay,
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 89
India and British Honduras, were sent to the United States National
Museum. Specimens of woods for study were sent also to Mr.
Alexander L. Howard of London and Dr. Ryozo Kanehira of the
Kyusha Imperial University, Fukuoka, Japan, at the suggestion of
Dr. John Cameron of Union Medical College, Peiping, China, who
visited the Department in the course of the year.
Dr. K. K. Chen, Director of Pharmacologic Research of Eli Lilly
and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, received from the Museum
for study and experiment samples of leaves, stems and roots of a
malpighiaceous liana, ayahuasca, which occurs in northeastern Peru.
A sample of an infusion prepared by the natives from the leaves
of this vine was also sent to him.
As usual, the Museum has received appreciated assistance from
many botanists of the United States and Europe in the determination
of its current collections. While in some instances it has been
necessary to lend mounted specimens for naming, in most cases it
has been possible to send duplicate specimens to be retained by the
recipients as a partial return for their labor in making determinations.
The staff of the Botanical Museum and Garden of Berlin-Dahlem
has furnished determinations of a part of the Chinese plants collected
by the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts Expedition to Eastern Asia for
Field Museum, which were sent to that institution last year. Assist-
ant Curator Macbride writes most appreciatively of the continued
assistance he has received from the Berlin staff in determining the
extensive collections being studied as a basis for the Flora of Peru.
Among those for whose continued aid in the determination of
material the Museum is grateful there should be mentioned the
following: Professor Oakes Ames of the Botanical Museum of
Harvard University, who has identified numerous miscellaneous
lots of orchids from tropical America, and now is preparing an
account of the orchids of Peru for the Museum’s Flora of that country;
Mr. Edwin B. Bartram, Bushkill, Pennsylvania, who always may
be relied upon to name tropical mosses with a gratifying promptness
that doubles the Museum’s obligation for the favor; Dr. C. W.
Dodge of the Farlow Herbarium of Harvard University, who has
given assistance with lichens; Dr. William R. Maxon of the United
States National Museum, who has been kind in determining many
of the tropical ferns received currently; Mr. Ellsworth P. Killip of
the same institution, who has named various lots of tropical American
plants, especially Passifloraceae, Urticaceae, and Boraginaceae; Dr.
B. L. Robinson of the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University, who
90 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
has determined Compositae of the Eupatorium alliance; Dr. H. A.
Gleason of the New York Botanical Garden, who has determined
a large number of plants of the vast family Melastomataceae, that
forms so important an element in the flora of Peru; Mr. Albert C.
Smith of the same institution, who has named the Museum’s collec-
tion of South American Ericaceae of the groups in which he is
particularly interested; Dr. A. 8S. Hitchcock of the United States
Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., who has identified
critical specimens of Peruvian grasses; Dr. 8. F. Blake of the United
States Department of Agriculture, who has supplied names for
several difficult collections of Compositae; Dr. William Trelease of
the University of Illinois, who has been prompt in furnishing deter-
minations for plants of the family Piperaceae; and Dr. Carl Epling
of the University of California at Los Angeles, who has named with
equal promptness a large number of plants of the mint family from
Peru and elsewhere.
Most of the time of Assistant Curator James B. MeNair during
the year has been occupied in routine work of accessioning and
cataloguing, and in preparations for the installation of exhibits.
Nevertheless he has found time to carry on research concerned with
the physical and chemical properties of substances formed by plants
in relation to climate, the interrelation of chemical compounds in
plants, and the identification and quantitative determination of
various acids formed by plants, along the lines of his A Study of
Some Characteristics of Vegetable Ozls, published in 1930. Since then
he has published similar papers on alkaloids and waxes in the Ameri-
can Journal of Botany (Vol. XVIII, pp. 416-424, 518-526). Studies
on volatile oils, cyanogenetic glucosides, saponins, carbohydrates,
dyestuffs, and proteins were also undertaken by Mr. McNair. He
has shown that some of these substances have individual variations
which may be correlated with climate, and he has found that all
of them apparently have greater potential energy when produced
by plant families of temperate climates.
Mr. MeNair’s study of the interrelation of chemical compounds
in plants has been confined thus far to the relationship between
oxalate and cyanogen and the relationship between essential oils
and resin. It has been shown that the presence of oxalate in plants
may be contingent upon the presence of cyanogen, and likewise that
resins are formed from some of the constituents of essential oils.
His investigation of acids formed by plants has to date been
confined chiefly to the volatile fatty acids produced by fungi. His —
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 91
typewritten manuscript upon this subject comprises some seven
hundred pages.
While the taxonomist identifies plants by their flowers and leaves,
the worker in economic botany has his chief analytical problem in
the determination of such detached plant products as fibers, gums,
resins, oils, sugars, and starches. The chemical and botanical
knowledge required for analytical problems in economic botany
sometimes proves to be of direct service in other fields. The identi-
fication of the textile fibers used at various periods in Egypt indicates
not only the progress of the textile art at these periods but also the
state of agriculture and international commerce. In connection
with studies of the cultural history of Egypt by Dr. T. George Allen,
Assistant Curator of Egyptian Archaeology, cotton and linen textiles
were identified by Mr. McNair.
Fiber identifications have been useful also in the study of the
artifacts left by American aborigines. In the southwestern states
there once existed tribes now known as Pueblo Indians and Basket
Makers. The places in which they lived may be determined by the
artifacts left by them. The Basket Makers antedate the Pueblos
and did not use cotton, while the Pueblos did. The simple deter-
mination of a fiber as non-cotton for Dr. Paul S. Martin, Assistant
Curator of North American Archaeology, thus aided in determining
a collection of artifacts from San Juan County in southeastern Utah
as belonging to the Basket Makers. In connection with the ethno-
logical researches of Dr. John Alden Mason of the University of
Pennsylvania Museum, resins used by the Indians of Colombia,
South America, were determined by Assistant Curator McNair as
being derived from trees of the bean and myrrh families.
For many years Mr. McNair has been recognized as an authority
on poison ivy. Two articles on this subject were written by him
during the year; viz. ‘‘Ivy Poisoning,” for Collier’s Encyclopedia, and
“Ivy Poisoning and Lobinol,” which appeared in the Journal of the
American Medical Association, August 1, 1931, Volume 97, page 341.
On the evening of June 25, 1931, Mr. McNair lectured on poison
ivy over Radio Station WENR through the courtesy of the National
Broadcasting Company.
Mr. Llewelyn Williams, Assistant in Wood Technology, has been
engaged in preparing for publication the results of his researches on
the woods of northeastern Peru. The specimens studied form a
part of the comprehensive collection assembled by the Peruvian
92 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
division of the Marshall Field Botanical Expedition to the Amazon,
1929-30.
This year, as in the past, members of the Department were
consulted by many scientific institutions, business houses, and
individuals upon matters pertaining to botany. Much time is
required to supply information asked by correspondents or by
visitors, but a thorough effort is always made to answer their
questions.
Miss Edith M. Vincent, Librarian of the Department, has devoted
a great deal of time to compiling bibliographic information for
visitors to the Museum who desired to consult its extensive botanical
library. Especially numerous are those who wish to see illustrations
of plants. Many of them are artists engaged in illustrating encyclo-
pedias and other reference works. Others examine plant portraits
in order to use them for designs and for illustrating advertising
matter.
The Department of Botany has enjoyed visits from a large
number of botanists of the United States, but foreign visitors have
been fewer than in preceding years. Professor H. M. Hall of the
Carnegie Institution of Washington visited the Department in
January to consult its Herbarium and library. Dr. Francis W.
Pennell and Dr. E. T. Wherry of Philadelphia, after a summer of
botanical collecting in the northwestern states, spent two days in
the Herbarium in the autumn, studying respectively Scrophulariaceae
and the genus Phlox. Mr. Charles C. Deam of Bluffton, Indiana,
spent a few days in the Herbarium, collecting data for one of his
intensive reports upon the Indiana flora. Dr. Robert E. Woodson
of the Missouri Botanical Garden studied some of the Herbarium
collections of the family Apocynaceae, in which he is specializing.
Dr. Earl E. Sherff of Chicago Normal College visited the Herbarium
almost every week, in order to study the several groups of the family
Compositae with whose study he is engaged. A welcome visitor to
the Herbarium upon several occasions has been Dr. Th. Just of
the University of Notre Dame, who is keenly interested in the flora
of the Lake Michigan region, and especially in the family Cyperaceae.
Because of its unique position as a connecting point between the
railroads of the east and west, Chicago is visited by many botanists
who, although lacking time for work in the Herbarium, nevertheless
visit it while waiting for train connections. In this manner, with
only an hour or two available, they have an opportunity to become
acquainted with the activities of the Department.
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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 93
GEOLOGY.— Curator Oliver C. Farrington in June visited sev-
eral quarries in Oxford County, Maine, where mining for feldspar,
mica, etc., was being carried on. Sixty-seven specimens of minerals
and rocks were collected. These were such as had been brought to
light by recent activities at the quarries and for the most part had
not been previously represented in the Museum collections. They
included rare specimens of arsenopyrite from two localities, an
unusually large and complete series of the mineral montmorillonite,
various forms of muscovite, and some rare varieties of quartz. A
quartz crystal weighing 800 pounds was also examined with a view
to determining its desirability as a Museum acquisition. Other
specimens obtained illustrated unusual mineral associations.
An expedition to Nebraska for the purpose of collecting vertebrate
fossils of Upper Miocene age was carried on under the leadership
of Mr. Elmer S. Riggs, Associate Curator of Paleontology, accom-
panied by Messrs. Bryan Patterson, J. H. Quinn and Sven Dorf of
the paleontological staff. About five weeks in June and July were
spent in the region. The areas visited were chiefly in northern and
western Nebraska along the Niobrara and North Platte Rivers.
Some side trips were also made to the eastern part of Wyoming.
Camps were established at Valentine and on Sand Creek, Nebraska.
While surface indications were abundant in many of the localities
visited, the fossils were found in many cases to be disarticulated
and waterworn. Fencing and private ownership of a large part of
the area, and the unusually intense heat of the season, also interfered
with obtaining as good results as had been expected. Specimens of
most importance obtained were jaws of a fossil rhinoceros and remains
of saber-tooth cats, oreodonts and a few other fossil mammals.
Opportunity was also afforded, through knowledge of previous burials
of domestic animals, to secure skeletons of the modern horse and
cow, and of several other small domestic animals. A series of such
skeletons had long been desired for use in the laboratory.
In the latter part of their stay, Messrs. Riggs and Patterson
moved west to Bridgeport, Nebraska, where through acquaintance
formed with Messrs. S. R. Sweet and Anton C. G. Kaempfer, local resi-
dents and amateur collectors, knowledge was gained of more favorable
localities and collecting was carried on along the North Platte River.
From this region a skull of a large oreodont, and a large, fine carapace
and part of the internal skeleton and legs of a Miocene tortoise,
forty-four inches in length, were obtained. Also, a skull and a
ramus of the lower jaw of the four-tusked mastodon, Trilophodon,
94 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
were secured by gift. Altogether the expedition obtained thirty-
eight specimens of fossil mammals, two of fossil turtles and six
skeletons of recent mammals.
About one-third of the expense of the expedition was contributed
by Messrs. Riggs and Patterson. Mr. Dorf contributed the use of
his car. Grateful acknowledgment is also due to Mr. Sweet for giving
freely of his time and the use of his car for several of the trips, and
for assisting members of the expedition to become acquainted with
local residents from whom valuable information was obtained and
gifts of specimens were received.
Mr. Henry Field, Assistant Curator of Physical Anthropology,
contributed the use of his car and his time on several holidays to
transport Assistant Curator Sharat K. Roy and Assistant Bryan
Patterson of the geological staff, and Mr. J. Eric Thompson, Assistant
Curator of Central and South American Archaeology, to Blue Island,
Illinois, in order to continue collecting of fossil worms of Silurian
age of species which had previously been collected there, and studied
and described by Mr. Roy. These fossils occur in a restricted area,
so that it was desirable to secure as full a representation of them ~
as possible in advance of a possible exhaustion of the locality.
The results of the collecting were very gratifying, about 200 speci-
mens being obtained. Besides an excellent series of the fossil worms,
a number of fossil trilobites, brachiopods, gastropods and bryozoans
were collected. Among the entire series, at least one species of
worm and one of trilobite are new to science.
Research on the collection of South American fossil mammals
has been carried forward concurrently with the preparation and
determination of the specimens. Special attention has been given
to the study of mammals from the Lower Eocene formations of
Argentina, and a systematic account of this fauna in preparation
by Associate Curator Elmer S. Riggs is nearing completion. Special
studies in the morphology of some of the groups have been made,
and some of the results have been presented in a Museum publica-
tion by Mr. Bryan Patterson, Assistant in Paleontology, under the —
title The Auditory Region of the Toxodontia. This paper describes
certain similarities among the larger groups of South American fossil
ungulates and indicates that some changes should be made in the
classifications previously adopted. During the preparation and
identification of the extensive collection of fossil South American
ground sloths obtained by the Marshall Field Paleontological Expedi-
tions, a large number of studies and measurements have been made
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 95
under the direction of Associate Curator Riggs with a view to pre-
paring a systematic treatise on this great group of mammals also.
A second Museum publication by Mr. Patterson issued during
the year, describes a new species of alligatoroid reptile from rocks
of Oligocene age in South Dakota. The specimen upon which the
paper is based was collected by a Museum expedition in 1898. Mr.
Patterson also collected and collated an extensive bibliography of
South American fossil mammals.
A publication in the Geological Series of the Museum, entitled
A Fossil Turtle from Peru, written by Mr. Karl P. Schmidt, Assistant
Curator of Reptiles, Department of Zoology, describes a new species
of Podocnemis of Eocene age presented by Dr. Axel A. Olsson of
Gloversville, New York. It shows an earlier dispersal than had
hitherto been known of this genus, of which some species are still
living.
Two Museum publications were prepared by Assistant Curator
Sharat K. Roy during the year. They are A Silurian Worm and
Associated Fauna and Upper Canadian (Beekmantown) Drift Fossils
from Labrador. The first paper, issued during the year as No. 7 of
Volume IV of the Geological Series of Field Museum, was written in
collaboration with Associate Professor Carey Croneis of the Uni-
versity of Chicago, and is devoted to a revised description of an
extremely interesting fossil worm, Lecthaylus gregarius Weller, and
a critical survey of modern and fossil organisms allied to it. The
study indicates that this worm was closely allied to modern geph-
yreans. The paper also describes a new species of worm and a number
of graptolites found at the same locality, all of which are recorded
for the first time from the state of Illinois.
The second paper, Upper Canadian (Beekmantown) Drift Fossils
from Labrador, is now in press. It is based on collections made by Mr.
Roy while a member of the Second Rawson—MacMillan Subarctic
Expedition (1927-28). Specimens of a typical Upper Canadian
(Beekmantown) fauna of the Atlantic American phase, not pre-
viously known to occur in the American Arctic and eastern Subarctic
regions, are described. It is shown that this fauna closely resembles
those of Vermont and Newfoundland and indicates a much greater
northern extension of the seas of that period than had hitherto been
supposed. Since knowledge of the geology of the Arctic and Subarctic
regions is at best fragmentary and disconnected, this contribution is
a valuable one.
96 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPpPoRTS, VOL. IX
Mr. Roy has also been engaged during the year in the preparation
of a paper based on the collection of invertebrate fossils he made at
Silliman’s Fossil Mount, Frobisher Bay, Baffin Land, while a member
of the Second Rawson—MacMillan Subarctic Expedition. Prepara-
tion of the specimens has brought to light many not previously
observed, and a total of 301 is now available for study. Of these,
the echinoderms, corals, brachiopods, pelecypods and trilobites have
been identified and, with the exception of a few species of pelecypods
and corals, all have been described. Twenty-five new species have
been discovered in this series so far.
Dr. George R. Wieland of Yale University has continued work
on the elaborate monograph on the Triassic Araucaria of Argentina
on which he has been engaged for several years. This monograph
is based upon a series of 250 specimens collected by the Marshall
Field Expedition to Argentina in 1924. Material has already been
prepared by Dr. Wieland for making thirty-five plates and forty
text figures, and a large amount of the manuscript has been completed.
The apparatus for the preparation of micro-fossils, and the bake-
lite method for hardening fossil bones, both of which were developed
in the Department laboratories as described in previous Reports,
attracted considerable attention during the year. At the request
of the editor of the British Musewms Journal, articles describing
both methods in detail were prepared for that journal by Associate
Curator Henry W. Nichols, Assistant Curator Roy and Preparator
PG. Orr:
In response to a widespread and continued demand for descrip-
tions to be used in connection with photographs of the twenty-
eight mural paintings of prehistoric life by Mr. Charles R. Knight in
Ernest R. Graham Hall, a complete series of such descriptions was
prepared by Curator Farrington and Associate Curator Riggs for
distribution with the photographs.
Thirteen signed articles and six briefer notes were contributed
by members of the Department staff to Field Museum News during
the year.
Supplying information to correspondents and visitors continued
to be an appreciable part of the work of the staff. Replies were
made to correspondence from a total of 648 writers referred to the
Curator’s office. Information was given to 3138 visitors. For the
latter, many identifications of minerals and fossils were made, those
of invertebrate fossils alone numbering 239.
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate XIII
DETAIL OF CARBONIFEROUS FOREST GROUP
Showing the trunk and foliage of the tree-like clubmosses, Sigillarias and Lepidodendrons,
tree-ferns and seed-bearing plants with fern-like foliage. Reproduced
in Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories,
Department of Botany of the Museum
THE LIBRARY
F THE
g
OMIVERSITY OF IiLinors
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 97
Through cooperation with the University of Chicago, valuable
assistance was received from several members of its faculty, and it
was possible to render some favors in return. At the request of Pro-
fessor James H. Breasted of the university, two Assyrian bronzes
of great value which were seriously corroded and in danger of com-
plete destruction were restored by Associate Curator Nichols, by
means of the Fink electrolytic process. Remarkably complete
restorations of each were attained. In this connection, Mr. Nichols
also gave Mr. Stephen Burtch of the Oriental Institute instruction
in the installation and operation of the apparatus, so that further
work of this kind could be carried on at the institute. A series of
twenty minerals was lent to Mr. John McCormack for thesis
work at the university. These minerals are to be used for study of
their electrical properties. A room on the third floor of the Museum
was set aside for the use of students who wish to carry on research.
Tables and chairs were provided, and a series of relief maps illus-
trating the geography and topography of the continents was hung
on the walls.
To the university grateful acknowledgments are made for the
assistance and advice rendered in the construction of the Carbonif-
erous swamp forest exhibit by Professor A. C. Noé of the Depart-
ment of Botany and Professor A. S. Romer of the Department of
Paleontology. Professor Noé lent a number of specimens for
reproduction and gave much valuable advice as to details of struc-
ture of extinct plant species used in the restoration. Professor
Romer gave information which assisted in the restoration of the
amphibian, Dzplovertebron, used in the group, and also furnished
information as to details of the structure of the reptiles represented
in the mural painting African Reptiles of the Permian Period.
ZOOLOGY.—Zoological expeditions in 1931 were mainly those
continued from 1930. The most important of these were the
Harold White-John Coats Central African Expedition, the C.
Suydam Cutting Sikkim Expedition, and the Marshall Field
Chinese Expedition.
After its success in securing material for a group of bongo and
various other large mammals especially needed, the Harold White-
John Coats Expedition made a trip into northeastern Kenya near
the north bank of the Tana River in search of the rare and local
Hunter’s antelope (Damaliscus hunteri). This species, which is
probably approaching extinction, was found in small numbers, and
two fine specimens representing both sexes were taken. In the
98 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
same region interesting monkeys and other valuable material were
collected. The work of the expedition was then brought to a close
early in 1981.
The C. Suydam Cutting Sikkim Expedition, which had already
accomplished much in 1930, was continued through the first half of
1931. Mr. Cutting himself returned before the winter season, but
detailed work was carried on by Mr. Herbert Stevens, assisted by
Mr. V. S. La Personne of the Bombay Natural History Society.
After completing work in the Darjeeling district, the higher parts of
central Sikkim were visited, and during the summer months altitudes
up to 16,000 feet were reached, resulting in the acquisition of scarce
and interesting animals found only in the highest parts of the
Himalayas. By concentrating on a relatively limited area, the
expedition was able to obtain a widely varied and representative
collection, including a number of species not heretofore represented
in American museums. An exceptionally fine series of monkeys was
secured, and among smaller mammals the rare Tibetan water shrew
(Nectogale) is notable. The birds include handsome examples of
the magnificent Impeyan pheasant, tragopans, and various other
pheasants. Approximately two thousand specimens were added to
the collections as a result of this expedition. Some fourteen hundred
of these are birds and four hundred are mammals. There are smaller
numbers of reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
The Marshall Field Chinese Expedition, under the leadership of
Mr. Floyd T. Smith, was engaged largely in organization, prepara-
tion, and negotiation during the latter part of 1930. By January,
1931, Mr. Smith with a corps of Chinese assistants had completed
all arrangements in Shanghai and proceeded up the Yangtze River
by steamer to Suifu in the southeastern part of the province of
Szechwan. Thence the expedition continued up the Min River in
small boats propelled by oars or hauled by trackers to Kiatingfu.
Here a caravan of coolie carriers was organized and the expedition
went northward on foot to Yachowfu, near which the first collecting
camp was established.
From Yachowfu Mr. Smith then proceeded with special native
collectors to Mouping in northeastern Szechwan, a locality made
famous by the pioneer collections of the French monk Armand
David, which furnished the foundation for much of our knowledge
of the fauna of central China. These collections, obtained over a
period of years, have never been duplicated and, since they are
practically inaccessible to American zoologists, it is a most important
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 99
preliminary to the study of Chinese vertebrates to have material
at hand from this exact region for use as a standard of comparison.
Therefore, the work of the expedition was largely concentrated in
the Mouping region during the first half of the year.
Large and varied collections were made, including practically
the entire known fauna. Detailed information in regard to the
material, which is in transit at this writing, must await its receipt
and study, but correspondence sent from the field indicates important
results. Among the larger mammals obtained is an additional
perfect specimen of the giant panda which augments the series
received through the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts Expedition to
Eastern Asia for Field Museum, making a total representation of
this rare animal which without doubt is larger than is to be found
elsewhere in any one institution. Several specimens of the small
panda were also obtained, and interesting notes were made on its
habits and distribution. Other mammals include the takin, goral,
serow, and various cats and monkeys. A large collection of birds,
reptiles, and amphibians also is reported.
Travel in the interior of China was beset with more than usual
difficulties on account of an unfortunate increase in anti-foreign
feeling, and also because of the disastrous floods and famine which
prevailed during a part of the summer. Mr. Smith, who was unable
to communicate with the outside world for some time and was
falsely reported lost, succeeded in getting most of the collections
safely transported to the coast in advance of the floods. Largely
through the cooperation of the Academia Sinica in Nanking and its
president, Dr. Tsai Yuan-pei, cordial relations were maintained with
all the higher officials of the region traversed. Certain material was
presented to the Metropolitan Museum of Natural History in
Nanking, and arrangements were made whereby a complete duplicate
set of specimens will revert to that institution after it has been studied
and classified at Field Museum.
After bringing the collections to the coast, Mr. Smith arranged
for their shipment and returned to the interior via the Yangtze
River to Yachowfu where work had been continued by native
collectors during his absence. Plans were then matured to have
three or more different camps organized for simultaneous work in
different regions, one north of the Yangtze, one just south of it, and
one still farther south in the province of Kweichow. When last
reported upon in November this program was well under way.
100 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
The Carey-Ryan Expedition to Indo-China, consisting of Mr.
George G. Carey, Jr., of Baltimore and Mr. George F. Ryan of
Lutherville, Maryland, made a successful trip during the year to
the hunting fields of southern Annam and Cochin China. The
expedition’s especial object was to secure additional and much
needed material for the completion of habitat groups of the Indian
water buffalo and the gaur or seladang, two magnificent species
which vie with each other for the title of largest living member of
the ox tribe. The results were all that could be desired and included
fine examples of both species. The bull seladang which fell to the
rifles of Messrs. Carey and Ryan is one of exceptional size and fine
coat. With it is a young calf which will add greatly to the interest
of the group. The specimens were prepared with great care and
are accompanied by full data, including photographs and plant
accessories. The Museum is greatly indebted to Mr. Ryan, who
financed the trip, and to Mr. Carey, whose experience on previous
expeditions was used so effectively.
Through cooperation with Mr. Jean Delacour, well-known
French zoologist, the Museum is participating in another expedition
to French Indo-China. This expedition, under the personal direc-
tion of Mr. Delacour, was ready to start in November and will
continue in the field at least until May, 1932. Little-known regions
in the province of Laos, from Vientiane to Muong Ting, will be
covered, and large collections of mammals and birds are expected
to result. The Paris Museum and the British Museum (Natural
History) will share with Field Museum in a division of these collec-
tions. The participation of Field Museum is financed by Mr.
William V. Kelley.
A brief trip to California during the month of April was made
by Taxidermist Ashley Hine to secure fresh specimens of birds
needed for exhibits upon which work is in progress. A substantial
contribution to the field expenses of Mr. Hine was made by Mr.
Joseph Simons of Chicago, whose generosity is gratefully acknowl-
edged. Mr. Hine was assisted in his work by local ornithologists in
California, especially Mr. R. H. Beck of Planada. The birds obtained
included several species of humming birds, various other small birds,
and a number of geese and ducks not readily obtainable except in
California. One of the results was the rapid completion of a hand-
some screen of American geese after Mr. Hine’s return to the Museum.
A new zoological expedition was organized during the last weeks
of December. It is financed by Mr. Leon Mandel II, of Chicago,
A ee
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 101
and its objective is the lower Orinoco River of Venezuela. Mr.
Mandel sailed from Miami, Florida, December 29 on his yacht
Buccaneer with a small party including his brother, Mr. Frederick
Mandel, and Mr. Emmet R. Blake, a zoologist of the University
of Pittsburgh, especially engaged to make zoological collections for
Field Museum. It is planned to make a few stops in the West
Indies and then to enter the delta of the Orinoco and proceed up-
stream as far as the stage of the water permits.
Along the lower river, at selected points, short trips inland will
be made and investigations of the fauna will proceed at all possible
places. Mr. Mandel’s time being limited, it is probable that he
will return with the yacht in February, leaving Mr. Blake to con-
tinue for several months making collections in the region between
the Orinoco and the Caribbean Sea. Mr. Blake’s recent experience
in Venezuela as a member of an expedition for the National Geo-
graphic Society gives him special qualifications for independent work
in the region, and results of considerable importance are expected.
Much research was conducted during the year by members of
the staff of the Department of Zoology.
Curator Osgood from time to time continued study of the mam-
mals obtained in Asia by the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts Expedi-
tion to Eastern Asia for Field Museum. A full report on this
collection, which has proved to be of very great interest, was brought
to an advanced stage of preparation and it is hoped it may be ready
_ for publication during the coming year.
Associate Curator C. E. Hellmayr completed an exhaustive work,
_ Birds of Chile, and the manuscript for this large volume was sent
to press. Before leaving for Europe in July, Dr. Hellmayr had
finished approximately half the manuscript of Part VII, Catalogue
of Birds of the Americas. This volume will contain a list of all the
_ thrushes, crows and jays, titmice, wrens, creepers, larks, nuthatches,
_ mockingbirds, and dippers of North, Central and South America,
_ with critical remarks on classification and distribution.
Assistant Curator Colin C. Sanborn made a study of variation
in the rare South American rodent, Dinomys, the results of which
were issued in a Museum publication, Notes on Dinomys. He also
continued studies on the classification of American bats and prepared
a list of the mammals obtained by the C. Suydam Cutting Sikkim
Expedition.
Other zoological publications issued by the Museum during the
year are as follows: Bats from Polynesia, Melanesia, and Malaysia,
102 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
by Assistant Curator Sanborn; Birds of the Kelley—Roosevelts Expedi-
tion to French Indo-China, by Mr. Outram Bangs and Dr. Josselyn
Van Tyne; The Painted Turtles of the Genus Chrysemys, by Dr.
Sherman C. Bishop and Mr. F. J. W. Schmidt; Two New Rodents
from Costa Rica, by Curator Wilfred H. Osgood.
At the close of the year there was in press a paper on birds from
western China by Mr. Outram Bangs. Manuscript in the hands of
the editor or awaiting publication includes a report on the Fishes
of the Crane Pacific Expedition by Dr. A. W. Herre, one on Types
of Lepidoptera in the Strecker Collection by Messrs. William Barnes
and F. H. Benjamin, and one on Reptiles and Amphibians of the —
Solomon Islands (as represented in collections of the Crane Pacific
Expedition) by Assistant Curator Karl P. Schmidt. ’
Mr. Schmidt described a new species of fossil turtle in a publica-
tion entitled A Fossil Turtle from Peru, issued in the Museum’s
Geological Series. He also published, in the journal Copeia (No. 8,
pp. 93-94, 1981), the description of a new toad from Korea. :
Other papers by members of the staff which appeared in zoological
journals are as follows: “Obituary of Count de Palmas,” by Associate
Curator C. E. Hellmayr, published in The Auk (Vol. XLVIII, p. |
163), and “Obituary of Miss E. Snethlage,” also by Dr. Hellmayr ~
and published in the same volume of The Auk (p. 161); “A New
Oxymycterus from Misiones,” by Assistant Curator Colin C. Sanborn, —
published in the Proceedings, Biological Society of Washington (Vol.
XLIV, pp. 1-2); ‘Protection Against Vampire Bats,” also by Mr. |
Sanborn, published in the Journal of Mammalogy (Vol. XII, pp.
312-313); and two papers by Assistant C. E. Underdown—“‘Original
Publication of Chionophilos alpestris insularis,” and ‘‘On the Status
of Chlorospingus olivaceus (Bonaparte)” published in The Auk
(Vol. XLVIII, p. 441 and p. 612).
Assistant Curator Schmidt continued to accumulate information
on the snakes of the local fauna with a view to the preparation of
a fourth leaflet in the Museum’s series on the amphibians and
reptiles of the Chicago area. Certain problems regarding the garter
snakes of the region were assigned to Mr. Dwight Davis, Assistant
in Osteology. Mr. Walter L. Necker, of the Chicago Academy of
Sciences, has also been working, under the direction of Assistant
Curator Schmidt, upon certain problems dealing with the reptiles
and amphibians of the local area and of Illinois as a whole.
Mr. Schmidt likewise devoted much time to classification and
study of material received from recent expeditions. Reports on the
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 103
collections of the Smithsonian Biological Survey of the Canal Zone
and those of the Marshall Field Central American Expedition of
1923 were well advanced. The identification of the amphibians and
reptiles of the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts Expedition was com-
pleted. A paper on the collections made by the Cornelius Crane
Pacific Expedition was completed and sent to press.
The collections made by the C. Suydam Cutting Expedition to
Sikkim were identified, and a list of the species was supplied to
Dr. Malcolm Smith of the British Museum (Natural History) for
use in a forthcoming work on the amphibians and reptiles of
British India.
Dr. A. W. Herre of Stanford University, ichthyologist of the
Cornelius Crane Pacific Expedition, concluded a lengthy illustrated
report on the fishes obtained by this expedition. A new family of
fishes, six new genera, and forty-six new species are described in
this report.
Assistant Curator Alfred C. Weed devoted considerable time
to checking the records of Dr. Herre’s report with the specimens
in the Museum and to revision of the manuscript preparatory
to publication. Mr. Weed was also engaged in studies for a report
on the fishes from Aitutaki Island, collected by the Philip M.
Chancellor Expedition which worked for several months in 1929 on
that little-known island of the East Indies.
Cooperation with the zoological faculty of the University of
Chicago was carried on as far as possible. Advanced classes from
the university visited the Museum on a number of occasions. Assist-
ance in the identification of specimens was given to research workers
in several instances. Assistant Curator Schmidt made an address
before the Biological Club of the university.
During the year various signed articles for Field Museum News
were prepared by members of the staff, and fifteen such articles
were published.
Office routine continued to increase, and the zoological staff
devoted much time to necessary correspondence, interviews with
visitors, inter-museum activities, and the transaction of routine
business. In the Curator’s office, alone, 1,189 letters were received
and answered.
Records show the dispatch of 120 shipments, mainly of speci-
mens of various kinds, and the receipt of ninety-one, not including
supplies or office equipment.
104 FIeELD MuseuM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
SUMMARY OF EXPEDITIONS
The following list indicates the various expeditions and other
field work conducted during 1931 for all Departments of the Museum:
LOCALITY COLLECTORS MATERIAL
KisH, MESopoTaMiA....L. C, Watelin Archaeological collections
(Ninth season) René Watelin
Robert Van Valzah, Jr.
COLORADO Maida eis Paul S. Martin Archaeological collections
BRITISH HONDURAS..... J. Eric Thompson Archaeological and ethno-
logical collections
THE) PAR HASTY). Miss Malvina Hoffman Miss Hoffman is engaged
in making sculptures of
racial types
HINGLAND Gus gene euie J. Reid Moir Archaeological collections
RFUROPEN Gd ae ee sole J. Francis Macbride Photographs of botanical
type specimens
INBRASKIAN i aT einige Elmer S. Riggs Paleontological collections
and assistants
TEEINGISG ee Ue ics Lis, Sharat K. Roy Paleontological collections
(Sag Canal) Bryan Patterson
Henry Field
J. Eric Thompson
INVATNE yee nyae touche O. C. Farrington Mineralogical collections
SZECHWAN, CHINA...... Floyd T. Smith Zoological collections
FRENCH INDO-CHINA....Jean Delacour Zoological collections
CENTRAL AFRICA....... Captain Harold A. White Zoological collections
Major John Coats
SIKKIM, INDIA.......... C. Suydam Cutting Zoological collections
Herbert Stevens
V.S. La Personne
INDO-CHINA........... George G. Carey, Jr. Zoological collections
George F. Ryan
CALIFORNIA. iso C2 cc 3 Ashley Hine Ornithological collections
WENEZURIGAM ee enine i iae Leon Mande! II Zoological collections
Frederick Mandel
Emmet R. Blake
ACCESSIONS
ANTHROPOLOGY.—The number of new accessions received and
recorded during 1931 was fifty-six. Of these, forty-one were gifts,
five resulted from expeditions, eight from exchanges, and two from
purchases. These accessions aggregate a total of about 38,000
objects.
A gift was received from President Stanley Field of a series of
twenty-one bronze figures, busts and heads, reduced from life size,
and two heads larger than life size, representing types of various
races. ‘These sculptures are the work of Miss Malvina Hoffman
who is preparing similar figures, busts and heads in actual life size
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 105
to be used as exhibits in Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall, which is
to be devoted to the subject of physical anthropology.
An Eskimo collection received in exchange from the United
States National Museum at Washington, D.C., comprises material
from the two oldest cultures which have so far been identified in
the region of Bering Strait. This fine collection was obtained by
Dr. Henry Collins from sites which he excavated personally. By
using these objects for comparison with those already in Field
Museum, it will be possible to identify and determine most of the
Museum’s Alaskan archaeological material which has not been
previously identified by period.
By exchange with Mr. David Vernon of Chicago, there were
acquired nineteen prehistoric stone carvings from the Mississippi
Valley region. They belong to the problematical class, sometimes
known as “ceremonial stones.” Mr. A. B. Scott of Chicago pre-
sented a rare type of decorated stone ear ornament found near the
famous Indian mounds of Arkansas.
An exchange made with Mr. Donald O. Boudeman of Kalamazoo,
Michigan, resulted in an acquisition of 171 archaeological objects
from his state, such as tobacco pipes, stone artifacts, axes, a maul,
celts, a pestle, and polished slate problematical objects. Mrs.
Frances Cowles Badger, of Barrington, Illinois, presented a large
globular steatite jar from the Santa Barbara Islands. This jar, which
is in perfect condition, is rare and valuable.
An important gift was received from Dr. Don F. Dickson of
Lewistown, Illinois, who for years has carried on excavations in
the Indian mounds around that town, and has founded a very in-
teresting museum of mound-builders’ material. Dr. Dickson’s gift
was a complete Indian skeleton in an excellent state of preservation,
two skulls, and a collection of twenty-six specimens of pottery,
flint implements and shell ornaments, all excavated by him from
an Indian mound located on his property. This mortuary equip-
ment was placed in a reproduction of a mound-builder’s grave
constructed in the Museum and now on exhibition in Mary D.
Sturges Hall (Hall 3). It contributes a great deal toward making
this group exact and complete in all particulars (see Plate III).
Four flint points, an Indian skull, and fragments of an Indian
skeleton were presented by Mr. Byron Knoblock of La Grange,
Illinois. The flint points were found associated with mastodon bones
near Kimmswick, Missouri. Another flint is a so-called ‘Folsom
type” (that is, a projectile of a type found at Folsom, New Mexico),
106 FireLD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
and represents, so far as is known at present, the oldest type of
projectile in North America. By exchange with Mr. Knoblock, the
Museum acquired also fifty-two prehistoric objects, including prob-
lematical types, tobacco pipes, beads, and stone artifacts from the
Mississippi Valley region.
Seven hundred and thirty-nine objects were brought back by
Assistant Curator Paul S. Martin as the result of his excavations
of the Lowry ruin while in charge of the Second Field Museum
Archaeological Expedition to the Southwest. This collection con-
sists of decorated pottery, including types rarely found in Colorado,
tobacco pipes, pendants, bone awls, prayer sticks, shell and stone
beads, butts of roof beams (from which it is hoped chronological
indications may be drawn), a stone sandal last, animal bones, pot-
sherds for study, and ground plans. Negatives of both still and
motion pictures were made.
Some of the roof logs from the rings of which approximate dates
for the buildings of the Lowry ruin may be computed were sent
for examination to Dr. A. E. Douglass of the University of Arizona
at Tucson. Dr. Douglass has developed a method for determining
the cutting dates of certain species of trees which were used as roof
beams and door lintels in Pueblo houses. He reports that the date
ascertained from one of the logs is A.D. 894, which means that the
pine in question was cut in that year. It is impossible, of course,
to state whether or not this log was immediately fashioned and
incorporated as the lintel of the doorway of a room in the Lowry
structure. However, it is highly probable that shortly after cutting
it was trimmed and fixed in that position, and therefore it seems
likely that it had remained there for more than a thousand years.
The collections made by Assistant Curator J. Eric Thompson
as leader of the Third Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to
British Honduras consist of 376 archaeological and ethnological
objects obtained in British Honduras and Guatemala. All of these,
with the exception of some sixty objects, were obtained at the site
of San José in the north of the Cayo district of British Honduras,
about six miles east of the Guatemalan border. The site in question
is a small religious center complete with ceremonial plaza and one
plain stela, and it is surrounded by a number of scattered courts
flanked by house mounds and a detached ball court.
Votive caches in pyramids yielded a number of peculiarly shaped
flint objects, generally known as “eccentric flints.”” Some of these
are in the shapes of animals and insects, but their use is unknown.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 107
Some are large and crudely made, but in other cases the workman-
ship is very delicate. With them were found fine examples of thin,
pressure-flaked spearheads of flint, as well as obsidian knives, and
a circular mirror of iron pyrite. Burials yielded some very interesting
pottery types. One vase, in particular, is an excellent example of
carved pottery. It is decorated with two panels showing five seated
individuals elaborately dressed.
Other graves contained vessels of peculiar shapes. Polychrome
pottery was relatively scarce. Several different types of decorated
human teeth were found. The finest of these consists of the four
incisors and two canines of an upper jaw, all of which are inlaid
with small jade disks, and in addition are filed to give a serrated
appearance. So far as is known, no such complete set exists in any
other museum in this country.
A number of jade objects were found with these burials. The
most interesting of these is a small amulet of human shape found
on the breast of a skeleton. Three fine pearls pierced for suspension
were found around the neck of the same skeleton, as well as two
small jade ear plugs.
From other localities a small collection of Maya jade objects was
assembled, several of the pieces being of very good quality. Some
fine examples of Maya pottery were obtained from other sites. Of
unusual interest is a fine example of the so-called plumbate pottery,
a ware containing a high proportion of lead, which gives the pottery
a dull glaze after firing. This ware was manufactured in a very
restricted region of El Salvador, and thence exported far and wide
over the Maya and Mexican areas. Owing to its peculiar properties
and rarity it was much prized by its ancient owners. The example
- procured for the Museum is decorated on the front with a design
in relief representing a warrior. It is now on exhibition in Hall 8
(Case 18).
In Guatemala some modern textiles were collected. These are
hand-woven of cotton with embroidered decorations. Good examples
of these modern Maya textiles are becoming increasingly difficult to
obtain since the advent of modern machinery and commerce.
A collection of fifty-four archaeological objects was secured
through an exchange with the Museum of the University of Penn-
sylvania, Philadelphia. This material is representative of the culture
of the prehistoric inhabitants of Marajo Island and other parts of
the delta of the Amazon River. The greater part of the collection
108 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoORTS, VOL. IX
consists of pottery vessels decorated with painted designs or reliefs.
Some of the vessels, which were used as burial urns, are of consider-
able size, exceeding three feet in height. A fine example of an ancient
Maya mirror from the Alta Vera Paz district of Guatemala was
also obtained through exchange with the Museum of the University
of Pennsylvania. The ancient Maya mirrors were made of iron
pyrites arranged in mosaic fashion on a pottery or stone background.
As a result of the excavations of the Field Museum—Oxford
University Joint Expedition to Mesopotamia, a vast amount of
material excavated from the Kish ruins was received, particularly
pottery, bronze implements, and glass. Numerous stuccos from the
Sassanian palaces are included in this collection, and another ship-
ment of these is expected to arrive early in 1932.
Dr. Arthur U. Pope of New York presented a small but significant
ancient bronze fragment from Luristan, Persia. The Luristan bronzes
have come to light in recent years, and have aroused much interest
on account of their age and their beauty of form and design.
Mr. and Mrs. Edward W. Everett of Hinsdale, Illinois, presented a
fine sixteenth century Chinese painting on silk. It represents in
pleasing colors a school of carp. The painting has been hung in the
South Gallery together with other Chinese paintings from the
Museum’s collection.
Mr. Linus Long of Chicago contributed two exquisite ceremonial
jade axes of the Sung and K‘ien-lung periods, respectively. A jade
chape and ring and four jade girdle pendants are a gift of Dr. I. W.
Drummond of New York. Another addition to the jade collection
was made by the firm of R. Bensabott, Inc., of Chicago, which pre-
sented a large, square, green jade box, beautifully decorated, in which
were kept official seals of the eighteenth century. The Bensabott
firm also presented twenty-two oracle bones of the Shang dynasty
(about 1500 B.c.). This is important material because the inscrip-
tions carved on these bones contain the earliest form of Chinese
writing now extant. Mr. Ralph M. Chait of New York presented
a barrel-shaped pottery wine vessel of the Han period, larger than
two examples of the same type which were in the Museum’s collec-
tions previously. A neatly carved Chinese ink pallet is the gift of
Dr. Gerhardt von Bonin of Chicago.
Mr. William J. Chalmers of Chicago, a Trustee of the Museum,
presented a group of Algerian and Moroccan jewelry comprising
silver bracelets, necklaces, earrings, pendants, and a gold charm
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 109
with chain. These objects are welcome additions to a collection of
North African material which is being assembled. The jewelry
presented by Mr. Chalmers is of native workmanship—a fact to be
emphasized because the rapid extension of European influence and
importations in North Africa is making such native work rare.
A number of archaeological collections purchased in Europe
during 1930 by Assistant Curator Henry Field were received in 1931.
This material is intended for exhibition in the proposed Hall of
Prehistoric Man (Hall C), and some references to it were made in
the Annual Report of the Director for 1930 (pp. 322-323). As the
result of excavations at Ipswich, England, conducted by Mr. J.
Reid Moir of that place, about 1,000 flints, including many imple-
ments of various types, have reached the Museum. In this collection
are also a large number of bone fragments of cetaceous mammals
which are fossilized to a marked degree. A selection of this material
containing representative examples of the earliest implements known
to have been made by man will be placed on exhibition in Hall C.
A valuable paleolithic collection made by the late Charles Edward
Brown of Mildenhall in Suffolk, England, was obtained. It contains
approximately 500 specimens, among which are many important
implements of the lower paleolithic period from the Warren Hill
gravel pits. An Acheulean cleaver in this collection is one of the
largest of its kind in existence. Since this is a unique specimen, a
mold was made from it under the direction of Mr. Reginald Smith
at the British Museum, and casts were presented to the Museum
of Ethnology and Archaeology at Cambridge, the Museum at
Ipswich, and to Abbé Henri Breuil for the Institut de Paléontologie
Humaine in Paris. In London a series of casts of paleolithic human
remains was purchased from Mr. F. O. Barlow of Damon and Com-
pany, in consequence of which the Museum now has casts of the
most important prehistoric human skeletal fragments found through-
out the world.
As it is desirable to show objects representative of the Pleistocene
fauna contemporaneous with prehistoric man, an excellent pair of
mammoth tusks which had been shipped to London from northern
Siberia was acquired.
Mr. Frank Munro, modeler, of Glasgow, Scotland, was commis-
sioned to make two models of Stonehenge. One is a small round
model designed to show Stonehenge as it is at present, while the
other, large and rectangular, presents a reconstruction of the stone
110 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPpoRTS, VOL. IX
circle and the various alignments leading away from the central
group of triliths.
A series of flint and bone implements from the cave of Wady-el-
Mughara in Mount Carmel, Palestine, was received from Miss
Dorothy Garrod of Newnham College, Cambridge.
A series of twenty-one drawings by the late Amedée Forestier
depicting life in prehistoric times was received, and these will form
attractive additions to Hall C.
In France archaeological material was acquired by Assistant
Curator Field to supplement collections already in the Museum.
The most important collection purchased is that of Mr. Eugéne
Viot of Loiret. This is an excellent series of paleolithic, neolithic,
bronze and iron age objects, including also many fine original
Magdalenian drawings on bone, and many other examples of pre-
historic human workmanship. Additions were also made to previous
collections from the Dordogne region. An important acquisition,
arranged through the courtesy of Abbé Breuil and Mr. L. Coulonges
of Sauveterre-la-Lemance, Lot-et-Garonne, is a series of Tardenoisean
microlithic implements, which are extremely rare. The archaeological
collections from France now in the Museum contain a remarkably
complete series of artifacts bearing on the various prehistoric periods
of western Europe.
In Germany a small series of casts of neolithic pottery was
obtained from the Museum fiir Geologie und Vorgeschichte in
Dresden. A collection of mammoth bones was received from Dr.
Karl Absolon of the Moravske Zemske Museum in Briinn, Czecho-
slovakia. These bones were excavated from the famous mammoth
pit at Predmost in Moravia. Many of the long bones were split
by the Aurignacian hunters in order to extract the marrow. Casts
of the skeletal remains of these hunters, as well as of their artifacts,
are included in this collection. From Hungary two complete burials
from Szentes were received through the courtesy of the National
Museum in Budapest. These graves belong to the neolithic and
bronze periods respectively. Mr. Franz Roubal, Vienna artist,
completed for Field Museum a series of twenty-four pencil sketches
of the more important Pleistocene fauna contemporaneous with
prehistoric man in western Europe.
An unusually large flint spearhead, about ten inches long, of the
neolithic period of Sweden, was acquired by purchase for the Hall
of Prehistoric Man.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 111
An interesting collection of Solutrean material was purchased
through an arrangement with the Museum of Paray-le-Monial,
France. This material is valuable because it consists entirely of
type specimens of flint gathered directly from the famous paleolithic
station Solutré in France. Notable is a perfectly chipped dagger
five and one-half inches long, which is an example of the highest
craftsmanship of prehistoric man. The collection includes also bone
scrapers for smoothing skins and a large quantity of bones of wild
horses and reindeer hunted by Solutrean men.
Mr. L. C. Watelin, residing near Sarlat, Dordogne, France,
presented twenty-six flint implements of the Campignian period,
representative of the late transition age between the paleolithic and
neolithic periods.
Twenty-three stone implements from Denmark obtained through
exchange with Mr. Byron Knoblock of La Grange, Illinois, include
some interesting types that are different from any previously in the
possession of the Museum.
The material relating to prehistoric man now in the Museum
comprises important collections from Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia,
and Tasmania. Besides the specimens reserved for exhibition in
Hall C there is a study collection available for students.
In addition to the material relating to prehistoric man, some
of the collections acquired by Assistant Curator Field in 1930 for
exhibition in Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall (Hall B) were received
in 1931. These collections include three skulls with pathological
features, from France; casts of six deformed skulls from ancient
Egypt; fifteen hair samples of various races; about eighty casts of
heads, hands, and feet of various racial types; and 391 negatives
and 618 photographs of representative racial types. Of these photo-
graphs, twenty-three which show natives of the Belgian Congo are
the gift of the Ministry of Colonies, Brussels.
A large number of photographic negatives and prints, and various
series of casts of racial types secured by Mr. Field, were shipped to
Paris to assist Miss Malvina Hoffman, the sculptor preparing exhibits
for Chauncey Keep Memorial Hall, in her study of racial charac-
teristics. This material, together with a collection of reference
books, will revert to the Museum when Miss Hoffman’s work has
been completed.
BoTany.—During 1931 the Department of Botany received 255
accessions totaling 33,788 specimens. These consisted of material
112 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
for the Herbarium and the wood and economic collections. Of these
specimens, 4,206 were gifts to the Museum; 11,112 were received
through exchange; 3,776 were purchased; and the balance came
from miscellaneous sources.
The accessions which were received during the year by the Her-
barium numbered 185, comprising 33,236 specimens of plants, photo- —
graphs, and negatives. Of these, 3,788 herbarium specimens were
presented by correspondents of the Museum; 10,991 herbarium
specimens and photographs were received in exchange; and 3,763
specimens of plants were purchased. The Herbarium acquired,
principally from the Division of Photography of the Museum, 5,669
photographic prints of plants, chiefly of type specimens, most of
which have been mounted and distributed into the study collections.
The most useful and therefore the most valuable addition to the -
Department’s collections during the year consisted of 8,925 negatives
of type specimens existing in the herbaria of Berlin, Munich, and
Geneva, which were prepared under the direction of Assistant Curator
J. Francis Macbride. These have been discussed at greater length
elsewhere. They were made possible by a fund generously granted
for the purpose by the Rockefeller Foundation. At the present
time Mr. Macbride has in Berlin ready for shipment approximately
two thousand additional negatives. These negatives are a permanent
addition to the Museum collections. Prints will be supplied at
cost to institutions and individuals desiring them.
The most valuable accession to the Herbarium during the year
consists of the 5,669 prints above mentioned, chiefly of type or other
historic specimens. All these have been distributed promptly into
the Herbarium, adding immeasurably to its value as a study series.
In the various groups of plants thus supplemented by photographs,
the Herbarium of Field Museum now has a better representation
of the American species than is possessed by any other herbarium
in America.
It is gratifying to find that the largest accessions of the Herbarium
during 1931 have consisted of tropical American plants, and especially
of collections from South America, the region with which the staff
at present is primarily concerned. The South American additions
have been acquired by gift, exchange, and purchase.
From Peru fewer specimens were received than in previous years,
because there were no expeditions conducted in that country in
1931. However, a few important collections have arrived. Professor
Fortunato L. Herrera of Cuzco, Peru, continued his generous dona-
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tions of Peruvian plants, and presented thirty-three specimens from
the department of Cuzco in which he lives, a most desirable lot
because this department has been neglected by other botanical
collectors. There were received in exchange from the Gray Her-
barium of Harvard University a few Peruvian plants collected by
Dr. Ivan M. Johnston of that institution, particularly valuable
because they were collected in the little-known southern extremity
of Peru. Most of the 524 specimens received from the Gray Her-
barium consisted of Chilean plants from Dr. Johnston’s collection,
but these are useful in the study of the Peruvian flora because of
the proximity of the two countries.
The largest Peruvian collection received in 1931 consisted of
a purchase of 496 specimens collected by Mr. Guillermo Klug of
Iquitos, Peru, who in the winter of 1930-31 botanized along the
Putumayo River. Part of his collections were made in Peru and
part in adjacent Colombia. They illustrate the relationship between
these two floras, and their similarity. Although thus far only a
small part of Mr. Klug’s most recent sending has been determined,
casual inspection justifies the prediction that it will be found rich
in new species. This is not surprising, since the Putumayo River
had not been explored previously by botanical collectors.
The largest South American collection that came to the Museum
during the year consisted of 964 specimens purchased from Mr.
Pedro Jorgensen of Villarica, Paraguay. Since this country is poorly
represented in North American herbaria, this accession is an especially
welcome one.
From Dr. Arturo Donat of Puerto Deseado, Argentina, there
were purchased 100 plants which he had collected in Patagonia,
and these added numerous species to the Museum Herbarium.
Fifty-five specimens purchased from Dr. Guillermo Herter of
Asuncion, Uruguay, likewise represented species that were mostly
new to the Herbarium.
It was most satisfactory to acquire several important additions
to the Museum’s rapidly growing herbarium of Brazilian plants.
The largest of these comprised 457 plants collected by the late
Per Dusén. These were an exchange from the Naturhistoriska
Riksmuseet of Stockholm, a continuation of the generous sendings
of Per Dusén’s plants transmitted in previous years through the
courtesy of Dr. Gunnar Samuelsson. This fine series of Brazilian
plants, chiefly from the state of Parana, is a most desirable one
because of the exceptionally high quality of the specimens, which,
114 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
in a large measure, have retained their natural colors, and are
unusually ample.
From Mr. J. P. Schmalz of Chicago there were purchased 311
sheets of ferns, including several new species chiefly from the state
of Santa Catharina, mostly determined by Eduard Rosenstock, the
noted fern specialist. The Gray Herbarium sent in exchange 265
plants collected recently in Brazil by Dr. Lyman B. Smith of that
institution. These were noteworthy for the large number of brome-
liads collected and critically determined by Dr. Smith. Mrs. Ynes
Mexia of San Francisco, California, presented forty-two specimens
of plants, chiefly Rubiaceae, collected during her extended travels
in Brazil and neighboring countries, which are still in progress.
Names for this sending were supplied by Associate Curator Standley.
There were purchased 200 specimens of plants collected near
Pernambuco by Dr. Bento Pickel. The Companhia Ford Industrial
do Brasil of Belem, state of Para, submitted 228 well-prepared
specimens of trees and fiber plants. These were determined in the
Department of Botany.
The Chilean herbarium was increased by the purchase of 200
specimens collected by Dr. Karl Behn, and 100 others gathered by
Mr. Hugo Gunckel. To the Venezuelan collections were added
eighty-one plants collected by Mr. W. Gehriger, and ninety-five
purchased from Mr. José Saer of Caracas. The value of these
plants was enhanced by the fact that many of them were determined
by Professor Henry Pittier of Caracas, the foremost authority upon
the Venezuelan flora.
From the United States National Museum, through the continued
interest and courtesy of Dr. William R. Maxon and Mr. Ellsworth
P. Killip, there was received during the year a large amount of
exceptionally valuable herbarium material. The largest shipment
consisted of 705 sheets of fully determined plants collected in Colom-
bia by Mr. Killip and Mr. Albert C. Smith. This collection included
type material of a large number of recently described species, and
many other additions to the Museum’s representation of the Colom-
bian flora. Other sendings from the National Museum consisted
of 116 miscellaneous South American plants, largely those of recent
collectors in Venezuela, Colombia, and Peru. Most of them belonged
to groups upon which Associate Curator Standley was working,
especially the Rubiaceae, and for these he supplied determinations.
Several new species were described from these collections. A most
welcome sending from the National Museum consisted of 500 photo-
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 115
graphic prints of type specimens of plants, chiefly South and Central
American. The prints are of remarkably high quality, and form
an immediately useful addition to the study collections.
From the Botanical Museum and Garden, Berlin-Dahlem, Ger-
many, through the courtesy of Dr. Ludwig Diels, the Director, and
his staff, there were received in exchange two shipments, consisting
of 351 complete or fragmentary specimens of plants, with numerous
tracings of type specimens of the family Araceae. The fragmentary
specimens represent authentic material of rare species, chiefly
Peruvian, and give the Museum reference standards for many
species not represented otherwise in the Herbarium.
The Conservatory and Botanic Garden of Geneva, Switzerland,
forwarded in exchange, through its director, Dr. John Isaac Briquet,
a valuable collection of seventy-nine mounted specimens of Mal-
vaceae, mostly South American, determined by Dr. B. P. G.
Hochreutiner, the eminent authority upon the group. From Mr.
Harold N. Moldenke of the New York Botanical Garden there were
purchased seventy photographic prints of type and other specimens
of the genus Aegzphila, with which he has been working. The type
photographs acquired from Mr. Moldenke, together with the Mu-
seum’s own series of prints and its ample collections from the Andean
region, give it an almost complete representation of this large genus
of tropical plants.
There were presented by Professor Samuel J. Record of the
School of Forestry of Yale University, who is Research Associate
in Wood Technology on the staff of Field Museum, numerous small
lots of tropical American plants and photographs, amounting in all
to 113 items. Part of the plants were South American, the rest
Central American. The former included type material of several
species described during the year by Mr. Standley. The extensive
sendings from Professor Record during past years have added to
the Museum Herbarium a large amount of material of the highest
value and of the most desirable character.
The current receipts of plants from Mexico and Central America
have been almost as voluminous and valuable as those from South
America. The largest number of them consisted of several sendings
from Mr. James Zetek of Balboa, Canal Zone, totaling 928 sheets
of plants collected on Barro Colorado Island in Gatun Lake. These
have been described in more detail elsewhere in this Report. There
were received further, as a gift, 250 specimens of plants collected
on Barro Colorado Island by Dr. L. H. Bailey of Ithaca, New York,
116 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
and his daughter, Miss Ethel Zoe Bailey. Professor C. L. Wilson
of Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, presented 1385
specimens which he had collected earlier in the year upon the same
island. All this material was named in the Department of Botany.
With the extensive collections received in former years from this
island which is the present center of greatest scientific activity in
tropical America, Field Museum now possesses the largest series of
Barro Colorado plants that exists anywhere, and consequently one
of the best collections of the flora of the whole Panama Canal Zone.
Recent work on the island has revealed many additions to the list
of Canal Zone plants published a few years ago by Associate Curator
Standley.
Mr. C. H. Lankester of Cartago, Costa Rica, presented eighty-
one specimens of Costa Rican plants, most of which represented the
rarer species of the apparently inexhaustible flora of that country.
Dr. Salvador Calderén of San Salvador, republic of Salvador, pre-
sented sixty-three specimens of plants from that country, to the
botanical exploration of which he has contributed so freely of his
time. Several of the species represented were additions to the already
long list of Salvador plants published some years ago by Dr. Calderon
and Mr. Standley.
Mr. Jorge Garcia Salas of Guatemala City, Director General of
Agriculture for Guatemala, presented forty-one exceptionally desir-
able specimens of Guatemalan plants. Most of them were gathered
in the higher mountains, and they included two species apparently
new, besides several rare ones not represented previously in the
Museum Herbarium.
From British Honduras, in addition to a few small aia forwarded
by Professor Record, there were received two important collections.
One was made in the northern region of the colony by Mr. William
C. Meyer of Columbia University, New York, by whom it was pre-
sented; the other was made in southern British Honduras by Mr.
William C. Schipp of Belize. Mr. Schipp, who has been collecting
for several years, has made what is probably the best collection of
plants ever assembled in British Honduras, and he has found there
an astonishingly large number of new species, or plants otherwise
remarkable. |
The largest of the year’s collections of Mexican plants was made
in the Sierra de San Carlos in the state of Tamaulipas by Professor
H. H. Bartlett of the University of Michigan, by whom it was sub-
mitted to the Museum for determination. It consisted of 576 speci- |
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JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 117
mens, representing a great number of species, several of which were
new to science, while others represented important extensions of
range. Mr. Jesus Gonzalez Ortega of Mazatlan, Mexico, presented
200 handsomely prepared specimens from the state of Sinaloa on
the Pacific coast, which were determined by Mr. Standley. Mrs.
Ynes Mexia of San Francisco transmitted thirty-nine specimens of
rare plants, chiefly from central Mexico, which likewise were named
in the Department of Botany.
Professor Antonio Ramirez of the Instituto de Biologia of
Mexico presented complete material of the huanita tree (Beureria
huamita) from the state of Michoacan. This is probably the first
authentic specimen to reach the United States. The tree was de-
scribed a century ago by the Mexican botanists La Llave and Lexarza,
who knew it only by a single specimen. No one else had found it
since at the original locality until it was discovered there by Professor
Ramirez, who likewise could find only a single individual. He very
generously presented part of his material, with the kind approval of
the Director of the Instituto de Biologia, Dr. Isaac Ochoterena, to
Field Museum, where it was studied by Associate Curator Standley,
who has been able to place it definitely among the various Mexican
species of Beureria.
From the Dudley Herbarium of Stanford University, California,
through Dr. LeRoy Abrams, there were received in exchange 412
specimens of plants, the majority of which were from Lower Cali-
fornia, which botanically is one of the most interesting regions of
all Mexico. The United States National Museum forwarded in
exchange 203 plants collected in Mexico by Mr. Edward Palmer,
representing one of his sets previously lacking in the Museum’s
already large series of his plants.
Mr. Robert M. Zingg of the University of Chicago presented
forty-one specimens of plants that he had collected during the past
winter in the mountains of southern Chihuahua, Mexico, while accom-
panying an ethnological expedition of the university to that region.
Mr. Zingg’s large accumulation of plants was determined during the
year by Associate Curator Standley, and will form the basis of a
detailed report upon the ethnobotany of the area in which the work
was conducted.
From Mr. H. W. von Rozynski of Jaumave, Tamaulipas, Mexico,
there were received as a gift 185 specimens of plants from the vicinity
of Jaumave. One of the most significant collections received on loan
during the year came from the University Botanical Museum of
118 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoORTS, VOL. IX
Copenhagen, Denmark, and consisted of remnants of the century-
old exsiceatae of Liebmann from southern Mexico and of Oersted
from Nicaragua and Costa Rica. The material was determined by
Mr. Standley, and the Museum was permitted, through the courtesy
of Dr. Carl Christensen, to retain fragmentary material, amounting
to eighty-three specimens, of some of the rare species represented,
a few of which were types. Several of the species thus acquired were
additions to the Museum’s list of Mexican and Central American
species.
From the Director of the Jardin Botanique Principal of Leningrad
there were received 105 duplicate specimens of Mexican and Guate-
malan plants, obtained through recent expeditions sent out from that
institution. The collection was determined in the Department of.
Botany and found to be unusually rich in rare species. Dr. Roman
S. Flores of Progreso, Yucatan, presented twelve photographs and
specimens of Yucatan plants, two of which proved to represent
important new species. Dr. Flores also has supplied several im-
portant Maya names which were either not included or not identified
in the Flora of Yucatan published in 1930 by Field Museum.
The most important collection of West Indian plants accessioned
during the year consisted of 642 Cuban specimens made by Dr.
Erik L. Ekman, whose death occurred at the beginning of the year.
They were received in exchange from the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet
of Stockholm, and supplement others acquired in the same manner
in 1930. The Ekman plants included dozens of new species and —
many others of great rarity, consequently the Museum is fortunate
in securing them. Dr. Ekman’s collections are the richest made
in Cuba by any collector, at least since the classic ones of Charles
Wright seventy years ago.
From Mr. W. E. Broadway of Port-of-Spain, Trinidad, veteran
collector of the floras of Trinidad and Tobago, there were purchased
115 specimens of the rarer Trinidad plants, in continuation of his
numerous earlier sendings to the Museum. From Mr. E. J. Valeur
of Moncién, Dominican Republic, there were purchased 145 plants
of that country, botanically the least known region of the Antilles.
No special effort was made during 1931 to obtain collections of
plants of the United States, but several of importance were received in
various ways, mostly in return for determinations, but also through
gift and exchange. The only United States plants purchased were
520 specimens from Mr. C. L. Hitchcock of the Missouri Botanical —
Garden, St. Louis, who collected them in the western United States. ©
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 119
The largest lot of United States plants acquired during 1931
consisted of 1,987 specimens from the southern and southwestern
states, transmitted in exchange by the Missouri Botanical Garden,
St. Louis. Most of them represented the field work of Mr. E. J.
Palmer, who has contributed so much to the knowledge of the flora
of that region, particularly in the case of the woody plants. From
the University of California, through Dr. E. B. Copeland, there
were received several exchanges, totaling 854 specimens, principally
Californian plants, with, however, some from other regions, especially
the Pacific islands. Included were 100 specimens of willows from
the western United States, all with critical determinations. These
are a substantial addition to the Museum’s representation of the
genus Salix, which includes the famous Bebb willow herbarium.
From the University of California at Los Angeles, through Dr.
Carl Epling, there were received in exchange 599 sheets of plant
specimens, half of which were from southern California, the rest
from India. Mr. Ralph Hoffmann, Director of the Santa Barbara
Museum of Natural History, presented 105 specimens of critical
California plants, largely from the islands off the coast. Included
in his gifts were many plants of special families such as Amaran-
thaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Nyctaginaceae, which were determined
by Associate Curator Standley.
The United States National Museum sent in exchange thirty-
nine plants collected in the western United States by Mr. W. W.
Eggleston. Professor A. O. Garrett of Salt Lake City, Utah, gave
forty-eight plants of Utah, which were named in the Department
of Botany. From the University of Washington, Seattle, were sent
102 Alaskan plants, collected by Professor G. B. Riggs, which also
were determined at Field Museum. The University of Chicago,
through Professor George D. Fuller, presented two valuable lots of
plants, the larger one, of 272 mounted specimens, obtained by Mr.
C. F. Cox in connection with his studies of the alpine vegetation
of Colorado. The other, of eighty-one numbers of willows, with
flowering and fruiting specimens taken from the same individual,
Was made some years ago in Alberta by Mr. R. H. Dixon, a resident
botanist of that province.
Mr. George E. Osterhout of Windsor, Colorado, one of the most
active local botanists of the whole Rocky Mountain region, gener-
ously presented to Field Museum type material of two new species
of Colorado plants that he described recently. From Mr. George
L. Fisher of Houston, Texas, there came as a gift 221 plants gathered
120 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
in western Texas and southern New Mexico. They included many
rare species, and two color forms that seem to have escaped the
attention of other collectors. Among the specimens from the New
Mexican mountains were a number of rare species collected at their
type localities, and therefore of more than ordinary value for purposes
of study and comparison. The Witte Memorial Museum of San
Antonio, Texas, through Mrs. Ellen Schulz Quillin, presented fifty-
four specimens of Texas plants that were determined in the Depart-
ment of Botany.
From the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, Jamaica
Plain, Massachusetts, there were transmitted in exchange by Dr.
Alfred Rehder 387 specimens of plants from different regions. Part
were woody plants from the United States, some were collected in
Cuba, and others were from China. Professor Stanley A. Cain of
Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, presented thirty-seven
plants of the heath family which he had obtained in Tennessee and
North Carolina. Most remarkable among them was a specimen of
the box huckleberry, Gaylussacia brachycera, from Tennessee, a state
in which this exceedingly rare plant was not previously known to
occur. The box huckleberry is a creeping shrub, a single individual
of which sometimes covers an acre or more of ground, and it is esti-
mated that it lives hundreds, if not thousands, of years.
From the Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.,
there were acquired through exchange 275 sheets of plants. While
the majority of these were from Florida, a considerable number ~
were collected in Brazil.
An important exchange from Dr. Morten P. Porsild of the Danish
Arctic Station, Disko, Greenland, consisted of 865 Greenland plants.
These well-prepared and authoritatively determined specimens are
a useful aid to studies upon the flora of northern North America.
Dr. C. E. Hellmayr of the Department of Zoology of Field
Museum presented twenty-six specimens of rare orchids of North
America and Europe. Among them was type material of a new |
species of coral-root or Corallorrhiza, collected by Dr. and Mrs.
Hellmayr in Wyoming, and described in a recent number of Rhodora. |
Of the plants having special interest in connection with the floras |
of the Chicago region and the states of Illinois and Indiana several
lots of particular interest reached the Museum during 1931. Rev.
J. A. Nieuwland of the University of Notre Dame, who knows so
well the plants of the Great Lakes region, presented material of an
interesting orchid that he had collected. Dr. Th. Just of the same
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 13k
university presented another rare orchid, an Jsotria, from Indiana.
Mr. Charles C. Deam of Bluffton, Indiana, who is preparing a
detailed account of the Indiana flora, presented six specimens of
Indiana plants, including a hybrid oak, Quercus Deamii. From
Mrs. Ralph Clarkson of Chicago there were received for determina-
tion several lots of local and other plants. In Illinois Mrs. Clarkson
obtained a quantity of curious “double” wild plums. These double
fruits prevailed on several wild bushes. Each consisted of two small
red plums grown together and having in common a single pit. While
scattered “‘double’” fruits of this sort are not particularly rare,
it is most unusual to find a large number of them upon a single
plant.
The receipts of plants other than American in 1931 were rather
meager, and no special effort was made to obtain them, since the
large collections of tropical American plants arriving at the Museum
occupy the staff of the Herbarium too fully to justify a special effort
toward increasing the foreign collections. From the National Her-
barium of Victoria, Australia, there were received in exchange fifty
specimens of Australian plants; from the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet
of Stockholm, 327 European plants. The New York Botanical
Garden submitted in exchange 249 valuable photographic prints of
type specimens, largely of important species of the citrus group of
the family Rutaceae. An important exchange from the same insti-
tution consisted of the many volumes of Gartenflora needed to com-
plete the Museum set of this useful publication, the chief interest
of which is its many illustrations of plants.
Dr. Rudolf Probst of Langendorf, Switzerland, presented forty-
eight specimens of the adventive plants of Switzerland, most of
them of North American origin. From Mr. T. O. Weigel of Leipzig,
Germany, there were purchased 311 specimens of plants of the
family Rubiaceae, the majority of them from Europe and northern
Africa.
Through Dr. A. S. Hitchcock of the Office of Systematic Agros-
tology of the United States Department of Agriculture there were
received 289 specimens of grasses of tropical America. These make
a practical addition to the grass herbarium of Field Museum because
they are critically determined, and therefore dependable for purposes
of comparison when making determinations. Dr. Earl E. Sherff of
Chicago, who has visited the Museum many times during the year
for study in the Herbarium, presented fifteen specimens of Com-
positae referable to groups in which he is especially interested.
122 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
An important accession from the Department of Botany of the
University of Michigan, received in exchange, consisted of 522 plants
from Sumatra, a country otherwise hardly represented in the Her-
barium. They were collected a few years ago by Professor H. H.
Bartlett, head of the Department of Botany of the university.
During the year the Museum received 282 specimens of woods,
partly for study and partly for exhibition purposes. These were
obtained from correspondents of the Museum, lumber concerns,
forestry organizations and individuals. The Museum gratefully
acknowledges the generous assistance which has enabled it to obtain
so many representative specimens of both domestic and foreign
woods for display.
A fine board of Monterey cypress was given by Professor Emanuel
Fritz of the University of California and is now on exhibition in
the Hall of North American Woods. Professor Fritz also contributed
six large boards of sugar pine, four pine cones of the same species
and a board of blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus).
From the W. O. King Lumber Company of Chicago there were
received, through the cooperation of Mr. Charles S. B. Smith, two
excellent boards, eight feet in length, of sugar maple, one of which
shows beautiful bird’s eye figure and the other flat grain. Mr. O. H.
Campbell of the Great Southern Lumber Company, Bogalusa,
Louisiana, gave two boards of longleaf pine. These form a desirable
addition, completing an exhibit of this species.
A complete series of western larch, consisting of slab sections of
trunk, a wheel section and boards, was presented by the J. Neils
Lumber Company of Libby, Montana. A trunk section of tamarack
and a small board of sugar maple were presented by the Von Platen-
Fox Company of Iron Mountain, Michigan, through the courtesy
of Mr. Allott M. Fox. The Edward Hines Lumber Company,
Chicago, through its unit at Burns, Oregon, sent two excellent
boards of western larch.
Fine exhibition material, consisting of a trunk section and two
boards of southern white cedar, was presented by the Richmond
Cedar Company of Richmond, Virginia. The Seattle Cedar Lumber
Manufacturing Company furnished, at the request of the West
Coast Lumbermen’s Association, excellent material of western red
cedar. The series consists of trunk slabs, wheel section, and two
boards, forming an important addition to the collection of the
principal commercial woods of the west coast.
——
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 123
The Eastman-Gardiner Hardwood Company of Laurel, Missis-
sippi, contributed a complete exhibit series of syeamore—trunk slabs,
wheel section and two boards. To augment this the Keith Lumber
Company, Chicago, gave a flat-grained board of the same species.
Through the courtesy of Mr. H. M. Dickman, the Berst-Forster-
Dixfield Company of Cloquet, Minnesota, presented a trunk, wheel
section and boards of paper birch.
From the H. R. Crews Lumber Company of Tulsa, Oklahoma,
the Museum received, through Mr. Ira D. Crews, a log section,
wheel section and two boards of Osage orange from the company’s
mill at Paris, Texas. This material had not previously been repre-
sented in the Museum’s collection and forms a welcome addition.
Two specimens of unusual interest are “knees” of southern cypress,
obtained through the assistance of the Chicago office of the Florida-
Louisiana Red Cypress Company.
New material of foreign woods for exhibition purposes has been
received through the cooperation of various friends of the Museum
and from importers and manufacturers of such woods. During the
past year the valuable assistance obtained has resulted in the
acquisition of a great number of commercially important woods of
Europe, Africa and India, hitherto not represented in the collection.
From the Yale University School of Forestry, through the cour-
tesy of Professor Samuel J. Record, Research Associate in Wood
Technology of the Museum, there were received two boards of
jequitiba (Cariniana legalis), a tree of immense size native to southern
Brazil. In addition the Museum received in exchange from the
same institution 119 hand specimens of woods from the republic of
Liberia, West Africa. These form a part of the collection assembled
by Mr. G. Proctor Cooper during 1928 and 1929 for the Yale Uni-
versity School of Forestry in cooperation with the Firestone Planta-
tions Company. The International Paper Company of New York, at
the suggestion of Professor Record, contributed ten samples of
Brazilian pulpwoods. The Conservator of Forests of British Hon-
duras presented a collection of sixty-two hand specimens of the
principal woods of the colony. A large board of ipil, an important
wood of the Philippine Islands, was presented by Mr. Ralph A.
Bond of Chicago.
One of the most important gifts of foreign woods was that received
from Ichabod T. Williams and Sons of New York, through the
generosity of Mr. T. R. Williams. The series consists of veneered
panels of mahogany, eight feet long, representing the Cuban, Mexi-
124 FIELD MusEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VoL. IX
can, and African species. In order to show the variation of figure
and color obtained, two or three panels of each species have been
included. In addition Mr. Williams donated a board of figured
teak from Burma. From J. H. Smith Veneers, Inc., of Chicago,
there were received fifteen face veneers of important European,
Australian, and Indian woods. Attractive panels of these were
kindly prepared by the Schick-Johnson Company of Chicago. In
addition, through the courtesy of Mr. J. H. Smith, president of the
veneer company, there were also received sixteen small veneer
samples of foreign woods of importance in the American trade.
The R. 8. Bacon Company of Chicago contributed eleven face
veneers of African and East Indian woods. These were made up
into panels by the American Plywood Corporation of New London,
Wisconsin. The Williamson Veneer Company of Baltimore, Mary-
land, presented two veneered panels of Santa Maria (Calophyllum
calaba), a species of tall timber tree occurring in Central America
and northern South America. From Mr. Howard Spence of South-
port, England, the Museum received, in exchange, hand specimens
of English and Venezuelan walnut. From Dr. Roman §S. Flores of
Progreso, Yucatan, there was received a hand specimen of a new
species of fruit tree known in Yucatan by the Maya name Coloc.
Associate Curator Standley identified the species as Talisia Floresii
and it was described by him in the June issue of Tropical Woods.
The accessions of economic botanical material, other than woods,
were obtained principally for exhibition purposes in Hall 28. They
may be separated into six classes: fibers and cellulose products, tans, ~
dyes, resins, rubber, and tobacco. By far the greatest number of
these accessions fall under the heading of fibers and cellulose prod-
ucts. They include baskets and basketry materials, brushes and
brooms, hats, textiles, twine, paper-making materials, and celluloid.
The baskets and basketry materials were obtained from five
sources. Six mats woven from thin strips of conifer wood were
presented by the Raedlein Basket Company of Chicago. The
Artistic Reed and Willow Manufacturing Company, Chicago, was
the source of two trays of willow wickerwork and a bundle of osiers.
Rattan chair seating and a bundle of rattan splints came from May’s
Rattan Works, Chicago. Two baskets made of carnauba palm,
obtained by the Marshall Field Botanical Expedition to the Amazon
in 1929, were accessioned. Mrs. Berthold Laufer of Chicago pre-
sented a coil basket made of the silver-top palm from New Providence,
Bahama Islands.
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate XVI
POTTERY BOTTLES
PAINTED POTTERY FROM BURIAL MOUNDS IN ARKANSAS
Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 3)
Illustrating installation of specimens on individual shelves against light-colored screen
About one-tenth actual size
THE LIBRARY
DE. THE
UNIVERSITY OF LLInots
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 125
Additions to Field Museum’s collection of brushes and brooms
have been secured from two Chicago firms this year. The Haisler
Brothers Company supplied fibers and brushes of bassine, Mexican
grass, Bahia fiber, piassaba fiber, and palmyra fiber, all of which
are in everyday use in this locality. The common house broom and
whisk broom, both of which are made from the tops of broom corn
(sorghum), were furnished by the Imperial Broom Company.
The exhibit of material used for hat making has been augmented
by gifts of material from three firms. Frank Schoble and Company
of New York furnished many specimens of hats in various stages of
manufacture. These include materials from Japan, China, Italy,
Philippine Islands, and Switzerland. Among the materials repre-
sented are hats of sennit braid, leghorn, bangkok, yeddo, baku,
mackinaw, and balibuntal. The John B. Stetson Company of
Philadelphia supplied an excellent exhibit of the panama hat in its
many stages of manufacture. Through the kindness of the Italian
Chamber of Commerce of Chicago there were obtained from Giulio
Corti and Fillo of Signa, Italy, a number of hats made in Italy. These
include the materials known as charmeuse, pedal raveggiolo, ramio,
racello, ramie, and cincina.
The various fibers and textile materials accessioned during 1931
consist of Asiatic cotton bolls received from the Bureau of Plant
Industry, Washington, D.C.; stalks of bamboo from Garfield Park
Conservatory, Chicago; chair seats woven of cat-tail flags from the
Heywood-Wakefield Company, Chicago; sedge plants, twine, and
matting from the Deltox Rug Company, Oshkosh, Wisconsin; sisal
and manila hemp twine and slivers from the International Harvester
Company, Chicago; coconut fiber rug, manila fiber rug, and rush
and sedge matting from Marshall Field and Company, Chicago;
and raffia baskets and cloth from Madagascar, supplied by the
Department of Anthropology from material obtained by the Marshall
Field Anthropological Expedition to Madagascar a few years ago.
To supplement the exhibit of paper-making materials some gifts
of cornstalk paper and cotton paper were solicited. The Kaiamazoo
Vegetable Parchment Company, of Kalamazoo, Michigan, supplied
cornstalk paper, and the American Writing Paper Company, of
Holyoke, Massachusetts, furnished samples of cotton paper in its
several steps of manufacture.
In modernizing the celluloid exhibit it was found advisable to
add some moving picture film. This was obtained from the Universal
Film Exchange, Chicago.
126 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VoL. IX
The exhibit of vegetable tanning materials was made more com-.
plete by the addition of some bark of the California tanbark oak)
presented at the suggestion of Professor Emanuel Fritz by Mr.)
S. H. Frank, of Redwood City, California. To show the effect of |
different vegetable tanning materials used in leather manufacture
samples of chrome, quebracho, and sumac tanned leather were
given by the Monarch Leather Company, Chicago.
The vegetable dye exhibit was supplemented with henna leaves.
obtained by purchase.
An improvement in the exhibit of products obtained from longleaf’
pine by distillation was effected by the addition of a sample of com-
mercial abietic acid received from the Hercules Powder ol
of Wilmington, Delaware. Abietic acid is the principal constituent:
of rosin.
A trunk of a Hevea rubber tree suitable for exhibition was pre:
sented to the Museum by Mr. Paul Van Cleef, Chicago. This trunk,
a large specimen more than a foot in diameter, is from a tree which.
was at least fourteen years old. The tapping marks and the planta-
tion number on the trunk add to the educational value of the speci-'
men. This gift fills a long-felt need in the Department of Botany.
The accessions of tobacco received during the year have been of
material benefit in the revision of the exhibits of this important plant:
and its products. John H. Meyer and Son, Chicago, presented many
excellent specimens of cigar leaf tobacco. A. Zaphirio and Company,
Chicago, furnished splendid samples of Turkish cigarette tobacco,
and the firm of Kuttnauer and Franke, Chicago, supplied a series:
of tobacco insecticides and other products.
A number of additions to exhibition material designed for use in.
the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29) were accessioned as a result of the
activities of the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories of|
the Department. Among these are the following: a small-scale model
of a clubmoss tree of the genus Lepidodendron to show the dichoto-
mous branching of the aerial as well as the terrestrial parts of these
Paleozoic forest trees; a restoration of a fruiting branch of Lepi-
dodendron obovatum with numerous small cones; another of Lepi-'
dostrobus ovatifolius; a restoration of a plant of Sphenophyllum
emarginatum; a restoration of a fruiting branch of Cordattes borassi-.
folius; a reproduction of a flowering branch of the tulip tree (Lirio-|
dendron tulupifera); a reproduction of a flowering and fruiting branch
of arnatto (Bixa Orellana); a reproduction of a large yam (Dioscorea
batatas); reproductions of two enormous fruits of the milkweed
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 127
family, both fleshy pods more than a foot in length produced by
tropical vines of the genera Marsdenia and Vincetoxicum, native to
British Honduras. The originals of the milkweed fruits were received
at the Museum in 1930 through the kindness of Professor Samuel J.
Record, of Yale University School of Forestry (who is also Research
Associate in Wood Technology on the Museum staff). The original
specimen of Bixa Orellana was obtained in Para by the Marshall
Field Botanical Expedition to the Amazon in 1929.
GEOLOGY.—Accessions were received during the year from eighty-
seven individuals and institutions. Of these, fifty-eight were by
gift, twelve by exchange, five by collection, and twelve by purchase.
These accessions included a total of 1,949 specimens.
One of the most important gifts the Museum has ever received
was completed during the year by the delivery of the final canvases
in the series of twenty-eight murals representing the life and scenery
of past geological periods, presented by Mr. Ernest R. Graham.
These paintings by the noted artist, Mr. Charles R. Knight, represent
the culmination of the skill and experience of a lifetime devoted
largely to depicting the animals of the past. The paintings restore
vividly the often strange and curious shapes of prehistoric life,
both plant and animal, and show the gradual development and
enlargement of life from its beginning up to historic times. This
work has been done not only in accord with the highest principles
of art, but also incorporates the latest and most accurate scientific
knowledge as obtained from leading authorities. The appreciation
which these paintings have received, is shown not only by the
interest in them manifested by visitors, but also by a world-wide
demand for photographs of them. Of the twenty-eight paintings,
fourteen are twenty-five by nine feet in size and fourteen are eleven
by nine. One of them is represented in Plate XIV of this Report.
Two magnificent and extremely valuable gem specimens were
presented by the late Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr., a few months before
his death. One is a cut ruby topaz weighing 97.55 carats. It is
cut in the form known as “table cut’”’ and is one and one-quarter
by seven-eighths inches in size. This is a flawless stone of a color
known as rose or Brazilian ruby. It is probably the finest example
of this type that has yet been produced. The second stone is a
plaque of black Australian opal weighing 148 carats and having a
polished surface of two by one and one-half inches. On the black
background of this stone brilliant colors are thickly displayed, blend-
128 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
ing into changing tints as seen at different angles. These colors are
of the rarest and most desirable type. Both of these specimens have
been added to the exhibits in Harlow N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31).
Mr. William J. Chalmers presented two silver bricks of historie
as well as intrinsic value. One of these bricks, weighing thirty-
seven ounces, was made in 1878 by the first water-jacket furnace
operated at Leadville, Colorado. The second specimen was a bar
of silver, weighing eight and one-half ounces, made from the ore
of some of the first silver mines that were operated in Montana.
Mr. Chalmers also made additional gifts to the crystal collection,
including a geode six inches in diameter containing extraordinarily
large crystals of cuprite. In addition he presented eight specimens
of rare minerals occurring in the pegmatite of Newry, Maine. These
included several specimens of unusual perfection of the rare manganese
phosphate, eosphorite, and of the beryllium phosphates, herderite and —
beryllonite. The specimens of the last named represent the second
known discovery of the mineral.
To complete the exhibit representing the evolution of the horse,
Mr. Frederick Blaschke, the sculptor, of Cold Spring-on-Hudson,
New York, prepared and presented to the Museum a beautiful
model of the famous race horse, “(Man o’ War,” as a representation
of the highest type of a modern horse. This model, one-fifth actual
size, was made from life and is a fine example of this sculptor’s skill.
A series of twenty-six specimens of rare metals was presented by
Mr. Herbert C. Walther of Chicago. Only one or two of those
presented have been previously represented in the Museum collec-
tions. The gift included examples of metallic tungsten, palladium,
thallium, tellurium and titanium.
Mr. Frank von Drasek of Cicero, Illinois, continued his contri-
butions of representative specimens of the minerals of Arkansas by
presenting 105 new examples. Those presented include some large
and brilliant groups of crystallized quartz, a number of specimens
of the peculiar acicular apatite of Magnet Cove, and specimens of
typical elaeolite, schorlomite, brookite, etc., besides eight specimens
of the satellites of diamond occurring at Murfreesboro, Arkansas.
Ten photographs, eleven by fourteen inches in size, representing
various formations in the interior of limestone caves, were presented
by Mr. Russell T. Neville of Kewanee, Illinois. These photographs
were made by Mr. Neville in the course of many years of cave
explorations and illustrate some unusual and remarkable formations.
They are from such well-known caves as Carlsbad, Mammoth and
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate XVII
OKRA (Hibiscus esculentus)
(Hall 29)
Reproduced from nature in Stanley Field Plant Reproduction
Laboratories, Department of Botany of the Museum
- THE LIBRARY
OF THE.
UNIVERSITY OF TLLINGIS
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 129
Wyandotte, as well as from others less known, such as Onondaga
and Dossey’s caves.
A remarkable series of fulgurites, or what are commonly known
as “lightning tubes,”’ was presented by Mr. E. A. Mueller of Chicago.
His gift comprises 301 specimens from two localities not previously
represented. One series was found in Ableman, Wisconsin; the other
near Saugatuck, Michigan. These fulgurites represent a large variety
of the forms produced by lightning, such as forked, sintered, winged,
smooth and rough tubes. Since Mr. Mueller is an electrical engineer
he collected the tubes with unusual skill, preserving their unique
features.
Messrs. Roy Muhr of Redington, Nebraska, and Anton C. G.
Kaempfer of Bridgeport, Nebraska, presented a skull and jaw of
the so-called four-tusked mastodon, Trilophodon. These examples
of this rare animal furnish the best representation of the skull and
jaws which has thus far been obtained by the Museum.
A welcome gift for addition to the meteorite collection was a
portion of a newly discovered meteorite from Randolph County,
North Carolina, presented by Mr. Harry T. Davis of Raleigh, North
Carolina. This specimen well illustrates the essential characters
of the meteorite.
A specimen illustrating a new occurrence of the rare mineral
volborthite and representing the second known occurrence of this
mineral in the United States, was a gift, highly appreciated, from
Mr. F. H. Pough of St. Louis.
A group of amazonite crystals of unusually good color and well-
defined form from Amelia Courthouse, Virginia, presented by the
American Gem and Pearl Company of New York, gives the best
representation that has been thus far obtained for the Museum of
the amazonite of that locality.
A specimen of the new borax mineral, kernite, which now con-
stitutes the principal source of crude borax, was presented by the
Western Borax Company of Los Angeles. This mineral, being a
sodium borate, requires much less treatment to prepare for the
market than the calcium borate which hitherto has been the chief
source of commercial borax.
Through the kind interest of Mr. R. E. Demmon, president of the
Stauffer Chemical Company of Freeport, Texas, a number of speci-
mens which illustrate the deposits now supplying the bulk of the
world’s sulphur were received. These specimens include three from
130 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoORTS, VOL. IX
the Stauffer Chemical Company and four specimens and four charts
from the Freeport Sulphur Company. A section of a drill core
showing sulphur intercalated with limestone, and charts showing
the structure of the dome in which the sulphur occurs, are of especial
interest in this series. From the details given in the charts, it is
hoped soon to prepare a small model of a sulphur-bearing dome.
Mr. J. K. Hawkes of Kansas City, Missouri, donated a number
of large sheets of transparent gypsum from a recently discovered
outcrop at Barton, Oklahoma.
A specimen of bog-iron ore from Indiana was a welcome accession
received from Mr. John Palm of Lakeside, Michigan. Typical
specimens of this ore had been lacking hitherto in the Museum
collections.
Some specimens of a newly discovered black, oolitic marble from
Death Valley, California, with three other specimens of rocks and
minerals from the region, were presented by Mr. William B. Pitts
of Sunnyvale, California. The oolitic specimens are of large size
and were polished by the donor in order to show the oolitic structure
more clearly.
Mr. George M. Coram of Utica, New York, presented a large
specimen of the so-called “box crystal’? from Port Leyden, New
York. This unusual formation represents a succession of changes
of minerals which has been the subject of considerable study, and
as the occurrence was a limited one and is now exhausted it is
gratifying to have this representative specimen.
Mr. R. C. Swank of Chicago was the donor of a concretion from
Kansas of unusual size and peculiar shape. The shape is disk-like
and the diameter is fifteen inches. This concretion had been treasured
for many years by a friend of Mr. Swank, Mr. John Klopper, and
on the death of the latter, Mr. Swank kindly procured the concretion
as a gift for the Museum.
Other unusual specimens presented were two chalcedony geodes
containing water. They were given by Mr. Ralph M. Chait of
New York.
Seven specimens of skulls and jaws of fossil vertebrates, repre-
senting some of the smaller Miocene ungulates, were presented by
Mr. S. R. Sweet. These specimens were collected by Mr. Sweet
in the neighborhood of his home in Bridgeport, Nebraska.
Some remarkably well-preserved specimens of fossil coal plants
from Nanticoke, Pennsylvania, were presented by John Bigane and
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 131
Sons of Chicago. The specimens of Sphenophyllum, showing several
slender, jointed stems to which are attached whorls of the wedge-
shaped leaves, are especially fine for both study and exhibition
purposes.
A jaw of one of the extinct group of short-footed ungulates
known as amblypods was presented by Mr. E. B. Faber of Grand
Junction, Colorado. It wasfound near Grand Junction. Preliminary
examination indicates that the animal which the specimen represents
had specific characters distinguishing it from any previously known.
Another rare fossil jaw presented was one of the extinct giant
beaver known as Castoroides. This was found at Mount Ayr,
Indiana, the locality from which a large mastodon skull was procured
for the Museum some years ago. The Castoroides jaw is a gift from
Mr. Joseph Comer of Rose Lawn, Indiana.
Messrs. Bryan Patterson and Frank Letl of the Museum staff,
and Mr. Paul Letl and Miss Nan Mason of Chicago, presented a
number of specimens of fossil plants, two insects and a septarium
which they obtained on two trips to Braidwood, Illinois. A total
of twenty-six specimens was received, among which were well-
preserved impressions of leaves, of several species of seed-ferns and
of two specimens of insects. One of the last was an insect allied
to modern cockroaches which was preserved nearly complete.
A skilfully carved object of green fluorite from Cumberland,
England, was presented by Mr. Martin L. Ehrmann of New York.
It was cut from a rough mass of fluorite in the form of capped twin
vases, eight by nine inches in size, with an elaborate pattern in
low relief carved upon them. This is the only specimen thus far
received by the Museum which illustrates the possibilities of this
mineral as a medium for engraving.
By exchange an unusual amount of valuable material was received.
First in importance may be mentioned four complete skeletons of
vertebrate fossils from the so-called ‘“‘tar beds’ at Los Angeles,
California. They were received from the Los Angeles Museum of
History, Science and Art. The skeletons represent extinct species
of horse, bison, ground sloth and carnivore. The completeness and
authenticity of these specimens make them of great value. Prac-
tically all of them will be suitable for articulation and mounting as
opportunity permits.
Another valuable specimen of a recently extinct animal obtained
by exchange was that of a very complete and well-preserved skull
and jaws of the so-called woolly rhinoceros. The large size of the
182 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
skull well illustrates the proportions of this animal, which was
abundant in Europe during the glacial period, and contemporaneous
with early man. It had not previously been represented in the
Museum collections. The specimen was obtained from the Royal
Natural History Museum of Brussels, Belgium.
From the British Museum (Natural History), London, specimens
of three different species of trilobites from the Cambrian beds of
Wales, form a valuable addition to the representation of fossils of
Cambrian age.
Some remains of fossil vertebrates from Cumberland Cave,
Maryland, received from Mr. C. W. G. Eifrig of River Forest,
Illinois, by exchange, illustrate some of the extinct species found
in that cave. Of especial importance among these is a species of dog.
A study of the teeth of this species by Assistant Bryan Patterson
has afforded new data which will soon be published.
Four representative specimens of meteorites were obtained by
exchange. Of these, one was of the Olmedilla (Spain) meteorite.
This specimen weighs 397 grams and shows both interior and crust.
It came from Mr. C. Wendler of Geneva, Switzerland. A large,
etched section of the Tacubaya (Mexico) meteorite, weighing 276
grams, was received from Professor H. H. Nininger of Denver.
Through Professor Nininger there was also obtained, partly by
exchange and partly by purchase, a section weighing forty-eight
grams and a cast of the Brule (Nebraska) iron meteorite. A section
of the Adams County (Colorado) meteorite weighing 250 grams and
showing crust and interior, was also received partly by exchange.
All the meteorites obtained represent falls not hitherto possessed in
the Museum’s collection.
From Mr. H. G. Clinton of Manhattan, Nevada, there were
received by exchange twenty-one specimens of minerals, few of which
had been previously represented in the Museum’s collection. Of
especial importance was a series of the rare aluminum phosphates
vashegyite and barrandite, and of the semi-precious stone called
utahlite. The utahlite series included a number of cut and polished
specimens. The material will probably also yield a number of
the recently described phosphates known as englishite, dernite,
etc. A specimen of the little-known mineral belmontite, a rare lead
silicate, was also included in this accession. Only a few specimens
of this mineral are in existence.
Thirteen specimens of rare minerals were obtained from Mr.
Joseph Linneman of Buffalo, New York, by exchange. They included
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 133
specimens of delafossite, tungstenite, franckeite, plumbojarosite, and
the rare mercuric oxide, montroydite.
Nine gems were cut from rough material of beryl, zircon and
tourmaline, most of which was collected in Brazil by the Marshall
Field Expedition of 1922. The cutting was done by an expert,
Mr. Stuart D. Noble, of Minneapolis, whose services were obtained
in exchange for a portion of the material. The golden beryl and
tourmaline from this cutting are of unusual beauty.
From Mr. Joseph Bianchi of Paterson, New Jersey, there were
received by exchange a large, representative specimen of the newly
described silicate called norbergite, an excellent specimen of the
manganesian pyroxene known as schefferite, and two other minerals.
Accessions obtained on collecting trips included sixty-seven speci-
-mens of minerals and rocks procured by Curator Oliver C. Farrington
from quarries in Oxford County, Maine. In this series were incor-
porated a number of minerals not previously represented from these
localities, as well as larger and more representative specimens of
minerals than had been previously collected. From the Marshall
Field Expedition to Nebraska for collecting fossil vertebrates there
were received thirty-eight specimens of fossil mammals, two of fossil
tortoises and six skeletons of recent mammals. These were all
much-desired additions. Among the vertebrate fossils represented
in the material collected are the aquatic rhinoceros, Teleoceras, the
early horse, Mesohippus, the camel-like Procamelus and the carnivore,
Hoplophoneus. Among skeletons of modern domestic animals col-
lected were those of a cow, horse, sheep and dog. These will be of
much service for comparison with fossil allied species.
By means of two collecting trips made by members of the Depart-
ment staff to Sag Canal, Illinois, the representation of fossil worms
of the locality was increased by a large number of specimens, one
group being the finest yet secured. There were also collected fossil
trilobites, brachiopods, gastropods and bryozoans, making a total
of 300 specimens.
Specimens obtained by purchase were chiefly additions to the
meteorite and vertebrate fossil collections. An iron meteorite from
Breece, New Mexico, weighing 115 pounds, was obtained by purchase.
It represents the entire mass of this fall, and is a well-preserved,
typical iron meteorite which gives figures of unusual beauty when
etched. An end piece of the Newport (Arkansas) ironstone meteorite
was also purchased, giving an excellent representation of this rare
type of meteorite. The purchase of two skulls and jaws and other
134 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
skeletal parts of Protitanotherium places the Museum in possession of
the largest representation thus far known of this important ancestor
of the titanotheres. A head of the great fossil fish, Portheus, mounted
for exhibition, was another purchase. A horn, three feet six inches
long, attached to a part of the skull of the fossil bison, Bison regius,
from Oklahoma, was purchased. It not only represents a species
new to the collection but is probably a record length for a bison
horn. Two casts of dinosaur tracks from Grand Junction, Colorado,
were purchased. They illustrate the size and character of footprints
of these great reptiles. One of the slabs shows a footprint about
two feet in diameter.
To the collection of invertebrate fossils, six specimens of crusta-
ceans, crinoids and starfish from the Lower Devonian of Bundenbach,
Germany, were added by purchase. These specimens are notable
for the perfection and delicacy with which the details of their struc-
ture have been preserved.
A collection containing twenty species of fossil leaves and flowers
of Miocene age from Oregon gives a very complete representation
of a newly discovered deposit there. The fossils are dark in color
on a pure white matrix, and thus furnish specimens not only of
scientific importance but of attractive appearance. Identifications of
all the species were made by Dr. R. W. Chaney of Washington, D.C.
An exhibit illustrating the variety of gases of the atmosphere
was also obtained by purchase. These specimens represent the eight
principal gases of the air, not including carbon dioxide. The gases
are enclosed in tubes furnished with electrodes which permit the
passage of an electric current to show the spectrum of each.
ZOOLOGY.—Zoological specimens were accessioned to a total of
11,332 during 1931, which is somewhat less than in recent years,
the average number for the past six years having been 14,418. The
year’s accessions are distributed among the different divisions as
follows: mammals, 1,358; birds, 2,482; reptiles and amphibians,
1,369; fishes, 4,220; insects, 1,953. The number obtained by Museum
expeditions is 6,624; by gift, 2,846; by purchase, 1,154; and by
exchange, 708.
Gifts of mammals, while not large numerically, include some
important and valuable additions to the collections. Mr. Marshall
Field of New York presented four lions shot by himself and Mrs.
Field in Africa. These are of fine quality, and include a male, a
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 135
female, and two kittens. They provide material especially needed
for a proposed group in Carl E. Akeley Memorial Hall.
Mr. James E. Baum, Jr., of Lake Forest, Illinois, presented six
Persian goats and two Persian wild asses which he shot during the
course of a personal expedition. Viscount Furness of Invernesshire,
Scotland, gave the Museum two very complete specimens, including
skins, skulls, and skeletons, of the Scotch red deer. From Tanganyika
Territory, Africa, the late Mr. R. H. Everard of Arusha, Africa, shortly
before his death, sent an exceptionally large and fine specimen of
scaly anteater. Mrs. Grace Thompson Seton of Greenwich, Con-
necticut, gave fifty-four bats which she personally collected in the
Philippine Islands. Twenty-eight Mexican mammals were given
by Mr. Robert M. Zingg of Chicago.
In addition to various fishes, mentioned elsewhere, the John G.
Shedd Aquarium presented a Florida manatee. This was received
in excellent condition, just after death, and served as the basis for
a mold from which a reproduction in cellulose-acetate will be made,
showing the animal in natural position. The skull and skeleton
also were preserved.
By exchange, 108 mammals were received from the British
Museum (Natural History), London, including many genera and
species new to the collections. This material is from all parts of
the world.
A very fine collection of unusually well-prepared specimens of
large mammals from South Africa was received from the Vernay—
Lang Kalahari Expedition. This consists of 197 specimens repre-
senting thirty-two species. Of outstanding interest is a giant sable
antelope with horns of nearly record size, which is being prepared
for exhibition. Other material from this expedition, including
vertebrates of small and medium size, is expected in the near future,
after it has been studied at the Transvaal Museum in Pretoria.
A full account of the expedition appears in the Annual Report of the
Director for 1930 (p. 347).
The 465 mammals obtained by the C. Suydam Cutting Sikkim
Expedition form a very important addition to the Museum’s collec-
tion, which contains but few of the many Indian forms. This material
includes three genera not heretofore represented, and fifty-seven
species most of which are new to the Museum. A large and hand-
some example of the Himalayan langur from this collection has been
mounted and placed on exhibition in Hall 15.
136 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Specimens from the Harold White-John Coats African Expedi-
tion, which were collected in 1930 but not accessioned until 1931,
include choice specimens of the bongo and Hunter’s antelope.
Specimens of Indian water buffalo and of gaur ox or seladang
were received from the Carey-Ryan Expedition to Indo-China,
which was conducted by Mr. George G. Carey, Jr., of Baltimore,
and Mr. George F. Ryan of Lutherville, Maryland.
Among mammals purchased during the year was a collection of
122 specimens from Costa Rica, including types of two new species
of rodents, which have been described in a Museum publication.
The most important accession of birds was the collection made by
the C. Suydam Cutting Sikkim Expedition, totaling 1,379 specimens.
Previously there were no specimens in the Museum from this far-off
corner of India. Of special interest is the rare snow partridge
(Lerwa lerwa), which was obtained at an altitude of 17,000 feet.
Another interesting species from high altitudes is Grandala coelicolor,
which is related to our common bluebird and resembles it in its
azure plumage.
Also worthy of special mention is a collection of birds from Goyaz,
Brazil, which was obtained by purchase. Included in it are the
type specimens of two recently described birds, Conopophaga lineata
rubecula and Knipolegus lophotes maximus. ‘This collection is en-
riched further by many specimens that fill gaps in Field Museum’s
extensive series of South American birds, or that are new records
for the region and therefore extensions of hitherto known ranges.
By exchange, 100 birds from various localities were received
from Mr. H. B. Conover of Chicago. Most of these were new to
the Museum’s collections. Outstanding among them is Grallaria
gigantea, largest of the South American ant thrushes, a passerine
bird superficially resembling a quail or small partridge.
Notable gifts of amphibians and reptiles during 1931 include
two specimens of the blind European cave salamander, received from
Dr. Karl Absolon of Briinn, Czechoslovakia; two paratypes of a
salamander, Plethodon welleri, from the Cincinnati Society of Natural
History; 345 salamanders from the Great Smoky Mountains National
Park, presented by Mr. D. C. Lowrie of the University of Chicago;
fifty specimens from Mr. A. 8. Windsor of the General Biological
Supply House, Chicago; and thirty-four from Mr. Walter L. Necker
of the Chicago Academy of Sciences, supplementary to the Great
Smoky Mountain material. Mr. Robert M. Zingg of the University
of Chicago collected and presented sixty specimens of amphibians
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 137
and reptiles from the Sierra Tarahumari in southern Chihuahua,
Mexico. Dr. Charles E. Burt of Southwestern College, Winfield,
Kansas, presented 173 specimens from Texas. The General Bio-
logical Supply House, Chicago, presented twenty specimens from
various localities. The John G. Shedd Aquarium presented one
tree frog, one Galapagos marine iguana and ten turtles, which include
a specimen of the remarkable giant snapping turtle of the Mississippi.
Gifts from members of Field Museum’s staff amount to 143 specimens.
A single gecko from Aitutaki Island, Cook Islands, was received
from the Philip M. Chancellor-Field Museum Expedition to Aitutaki
(1930). The C. Suydam Cutting Expedition collected six frogs, fifty-
nine lizards and thirty-nine snakes in Sikkim. These are of interest
for comparison with other material in Field Museum’s collections
from southeastern Asia.
Exchanges with the University of Oklahoma, in return for identi-
fications, added fourteen specimens from Oklahoma to the study
collections. An exchange with the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfort-
on-the-Main, Germany, brought a paratype of the limbless lizard
(Voeltzkowia mira) of Madagascar. Thirty-nine salamanders from
North Carolina and Tennessee were obtained by exchange with
the Cincinnati Society of Natural History. Two crocodilians pre-
served in alcohol and two South American turtles were received
by exchange from the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge,
Massachusetts.
Notable among purchases of reptiles and amphibians are forty-
four specimens from southwestern Africa; five frogs from West
Africa; forty-two specimens from Colombia; and 143 from Western
Australia.
Five specimens of the ratfish, Hydrolagus colliei, were purchased
from the Pacific Biological Laboratories, Pacific Grove, California,
to be used for study purposes in the preparation of a specimen of
the long-snouted chimaera of Japan for exhibition. Twenty-three
specimens of rare fishes from the Gulf of Mexico were purchased
from the Caribbean Biological Laboratories of New Orleans, to fill
vacancies in the study series.
Twenty-three specimens of fishes from a region not previously
represented in the Museum collections were received from the C.
Suydam Cutting Expedition to Sikkim. From the Philip M.
Chancellor—Field Museum Expedition (1930) to Aitutaki Island were
received 210 specimens, including three that seem to be new to science.
From the Cornelius Crane Pacific Expedition (1928-29) were received
138 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
3,850 specimens, including types and paratypes of a large number
of new species. These had been temporarily in the custody of
Leland Stanford University in California, which cooperated with
Field Museum in the ichthyological work of this expedition.
From the John G. Shedd Aquarium were received seventy-six
specimens in excellent condition. Several of these were used directly
or indirectly in the preparation of exhibits. Most interesting was
a series of four electric eels. These are being used in the preparation
of study and exhibition material. It is hoped that from the lot
there may be produced a mounted specimen, a mounted skeleton,
a study skeleton of the head, and two study specimens.
The General Biological Supply House of Chicago gave twelve
specimens of the guppy, Lebistes reticulatus, from St. Croix, Virgin
Islands, and an egg of the nurse shark with a very large embryo.
Captain R. J. Walters of the Miami Aquarium, Miami, Florida,
gave a large scorpion fish and a large shark-sucker. The scorpion
fish has been used in the preparation of a very excellent exhibition
specimen that is already installed in the systematic series of fishes.
The shark-sucker is being prepared for exhibition. A large tarpon
in excellent condition was received from Mr. C. Irving Wright of
Pirates’ Cove Fishing Camp, Florida. A cast of the specimen was
made in preparation for an exhibit to be produced later. Mr. P. B.
Clark of San Francisco gave twelve specimens of the Alaskan black-
fish. This fish is common in the fresh-water swamps of Alaska,
but comparatively few have ever reached museums.
The fifty-six acquisitions of insects consisted mostly of small
collections, two-thirds of which comprised species from various parts
of North America. The largest gift was a series of 392 beetles from
Idaho, presented by Mr. Emil Liljeblad of Chicago. From Mr.
Bryan Patterson of Chicago there were received as a gift 154 desirable
insects of various orders from Nebraska, a state from which the
Museum hitherto had very few specimens. From the same state
there were also acquired 144 miscellaneous insects collected by the
Marshall Field Paleontological Expedition to Nebraska.
Much appreciated is a gift from Mr. Bernard Benesh of North
Chicago, consisting of a rare beetle from Illinois, fifty-two insects
of the same order from Arizona and California, thirty-four cockchafers
from Germany, and seventeen named beetles, including two para-
types, from Uruguay. Dr. and Mrs. C. E. Hellmayr of Chicago
increased the usefulness of the Museum’s series of European insects
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 139
by presenting 226 specimens, mostly butterflies, which they collected
in Bavaria and Switzerland.
A notable accession obtained by exchange with Dr. T. C. Schneirla
of New York University is a collection of 244 identified ants repre-
senting thirty-five species from Illinois and the surrounding states.
This is a much-needed addition to the collection of these interesting
insects. An unexpected acquisition of 284 ticks was the result of
an examination of the specimens of exotic toads, frogs, lizards,
snakes, and turtles in the Museum’s Division of Amphibians and
Reptiles. As these annoying and harmful parasites deserve investiga-
tion, this lot, together with other ticks obtained previously, has
been submitted for study and determination to Dr. Joseph C.
Becquaert, of the School of Tropical Medicine of Harvard University.
The invertebrates other than insects received by the Museum
during the year totaled 380 specimens. Of this number 217 were
donations and 163 were obtained by Museum expeditions. A note-
worthy acquisition was the gift of fourteen European and 184
North American sea urchins which were received from the Museum
of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. These speci-
mens have added value in that they are all authoritatively identified.
Through the Philip M. Chancellor—-Field Museum Expedition to
Aitutaki Island in the Cook Archipelago, there were added to
the collection 100 desirable specimens of various species of corals,
twenty-one crustaceans, and twenty-seven other invertebrates. A
small but important donation of two land shells from Professor T. D.
A. Cockerell of the University of Colorado was of special interest
in that the specimens are paratypes of a subspecies described by the
donor.
DEPARTMENTAL CATALOGUING, INVENTORYING
AND LABELING
ANTHROPOLOGY.—Forty-five of the fifty-six accessions received
in the Department of Anthropology during the year have been
entered. Fifteen accessions from previous years were also entered.
The work of cataloguing has been continued as usual, the number
of catalogue cards prepared during the year totaling 4,554. The
total number of catalogue cards entered from the opening of the
first volume is 197,256.
The 4,554 catalogue cards prepared are distributed as follows:
archaeology and ethnology of North America, 1,275; archaeology
140 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
and ethnology of Mexico, Central and South America, 898; archae-
ology and ethnology of China and Japan, 564; ethnology of India, 1;
ethnology of Polynesia, 16; ethnology of Africa, 302; archaeology
of the Near East, 4; prehistoric archaeology of Europe, 1,488;
physical anthropology, 6. These 4,554 cards have been entered in
the inventory books which now number fifty-seven volumes.
A total of 13,648 copies of labels for use in exhibition cases was
supplied by the Division of Printing. These labels are distributed
as follows: ethnology of North America, 1,152; archaeology of North
America, 1,083; ethnology of the Southwest, 171; archaeology of
Mexico, 208; ethnology and archaeology of South America, 903;
ethnology of Melanesia, 3,263; ethnology of Polynesia, 247; ethnology
of Malaysia, 6; Chinese jades, 5,029; archaeology of China (other
than jade), 767; archaeology of Egypt, 119; archaeology of Kish, 6;
ethnology of India, 6; busts of prehistoric man, 33; identification
cards for skulls and skeletal material, 650. The Division of Printing
also supplied the Department of Anthropology with 4,390 catalogue
cards, 85 sketch maps for exhibition cases, 50 forms for archaeological
surveys, and 120 numbers for exhibition cases.
The total number of photographs mounted in albums is 2,514.
Eleven new albums were opened—one for China, four for Egyptian
textiles, one for prehistoric man, one for the Field Museum Archaeo-
logical Expedition to the Southwest, one for the Marshall Field
Archaeological Expedition to British Honduras (1931), one for
Melanesian industries, one for types of men in the Irak army aad
Bedouins, and another for types of Arabs of the Kish area. To the
label file 535 cards have been added.
BoTANy.—During 1931 cards were written and added to the
catalogue of the Department library by the Librarian, Miss Edith
M. Vincent, for the floras of the Arctic regions, Canada, the United
States, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Hawaii, the East Indies, and
other Pacific islands. A list was made of the duplicate books and
pamphlets in the library of the Department for use in disposing of
them by sale or exchange.
More than 5,000 cards were received from the Gray Herbarium
of Harvard University in continuation of the index of new species
of American plants. These were inserted by the Librarian in their
proper places in the file of cards which composes this indispensable
index. The Librarian also kept up to date the Department records of
accessions, exchanges, and loans, besides preparing indexes for two
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 141
volumes of the Botanical Series of Field Museum, and compiling a
great amount of bibliographic data for the use of the staff of the
Department.
More than 1,500 index cards to the literature of tropical agri-
culture were received this year from the Institute Colonial de Mar-
seille, Marseilles, France, and the cards of this catalogue now number
7,816. They have been sorted and filed by Assistant Curator James
B. MeNair.
The Custodian of the Herbarium, Mr. Carl Neuberth, maintains
a card catalogue of the contents of the Herbarium, from which there
may be obtained in a few moments information regarding any
collector whose plants are in the collections, or the extent to which
any country’s flora is represented in them. This collector index
now contains 11,970 cards, with the names of almost as many
collectors whose work has contributed to the Herbarium. To this
catalogue 159 cards were added during 1931. The geographical
index consists of 3,151 cards, of which twenty-nine were added during
the past twelve months.
During the year 20,469 sheets of plants and photographs were
added to the permanent collections of the Herbarium, in which the
total number of mounted specimens is now 642,720. For the her-
barium specimens acquired during the year it was necessary to write
several thousand labels, and other labels had to be written for dupli-
cate specimens sent out in exchange. There were prepared type-
written data to accompany the sets of photographic prints from type
negatives which were dispatched to various institutions.
The work of cataloguing wood specimens has continued. Descrip-
tive labels for the various species installed in the Hall of North
American Woods were prepared and placed with the respective
exhibits. Descriptive labels were written, also, for the specimens
placed on exhibition in the Hall of Foreign Woods (Hall 27). More
than 2,000 specimens obtained in Peru by Assistant Llewelyn
Williams were labeled and placed in the study collection of woods.
All economic material, other than woods, received during the
year was accessioned and catalogued by Assistant Curator McNair.
Most of this material has been stored by him in its proper place
in the study and reserve collections.
The poisoning, bottling, labeling, and cataloguing of economic
botanical specimens has been continued as described in the Annual
Report of the Director for 1928 (p. 473).
142 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Descriptive labels were written by Mr. McNair for various ex-
hibits in Hall 28. These comprised general and detailed descriptions
of the fibers of pineapple, sedges, rushes, grasses, bananas, screw-
pine, cat-tail, raffia, pine, cedar, and fir. Others were written for
exhibits of baskets, brushes, and brooms, straw hats, tans, and dyes,
tobacco, cork, corn products, and paper.
The card file of copies of the labels in the exhibition halls has
been continued by Mr. McNair, and the office files of labels for the
economic specimens on display is complete to date, including all
printed during the year.
To the albums of the Department 107 photographs were added.
GEOLOGY.—The number of specimens catalogued in the Depart-
ment of Geology during the year was 2,050, making the total number
of departmental catalogue entries 189,408. The additions of sys-
tematically grouped minerals numbered 606 and those of fossils
962. Other entries related to a variety of specimens. Previously
entered specimens to the number of 272 were withdrawn for exchange
or were discarded, and notations of the withdrawals were made in
the catalogues against the entry number of each. Additions to the
card catalogue of vertebrate fossils numbered forty.
Labeling has consisted chiefly in substituting buff cards for those
of black color previously used, although a considerable number of
new labels have also been prepared. The change from black to buff
cards has necessitated rewriting many of the labels and reprinting
all of them. Also, as a result of the reinstallation of more than
one hundred cases during the year, it was often necessary to change
the size as well as the text of the labels. Altogether, copy for 1,936
labels was prepared. Seventy-six of these were descriptive labels
prepared for the reinstalled cases in Skiff Hall. A total of 2,425
labels was received from the Division of Printing and installed.
Of these, 988 were for Skiff Hall exhibits, 786 for minerals and
meteorites, and 129 for exhibits in Stanley Field Hall. A total of
528 labels which have not yet been printed was written. For im-
mediate use until the printed labels were received, 148 temporary
labels were prepared and installed. For the group of titanothere
restorations and the Carboniferous swamp forest, illuminated labels
were prepared and installed. Labeling of the mural paintings in
Ernest R. Graham Hall was completed.
New photographic prints added to the Department albums
during the year numbered 242. Typewritten labels were provided
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 143
for all of these. The total of album prints in the Department now
mounted and labeled is 7,378. Eighty-four topographic maps of
the United States Geological Survey were received during the year
and filed with descriptive labels attached. With those previously
recorded, a total of 3,416 of these maps is now available.
ZOOLOGY.—Zoological specimens to a total of 12,275 were num-
bered and entered in the departmental catalogues. They were
distributed, by divisions, as follows: mammals, 1,636; birds, 8,469;
reptiles and amphibians, 885; fishes, 1,242; skeletons, 43.
About 1,000 skulls of mammals were numbered and labeled, and
300 cards were added to the index of the mammal collection. Old-
style black exhibition labels for mammals were entirely replaced
with buff labels. Labels for all new or reinstalled exhibits have been
prepared, including a complete revised set with maps for all habitat
groups of birds and thirty labels for exhibition reproductions of
reptiles and amphibians.
The card index of the genera and families of recent fishes has
been completed, except for a few recent names, and now totals
6,600 cards, which afford a ready means of finding specimens in
the systematic collection.
All accessions of insects for the year were pinned, labeled, and
distributed.
A large increase in the Department’s files of photographic prints
was made, amounting to 3,290 prints in six new albums.
The state of the catalogues at the end of the year is as follows:
Number of Total of entries Entries Total of
record to during cards
books Dec. 31, 1931 1931 written
Department of Anthropology. 57 197 ,256 4,554 201,376
Department of Botany....... 63 655,287 33,627 16,471
Department of Geology...... 26 189 ,408 2,050 7,144
Department of Zoology...... 47 166,721 TAR Pale 42,103
TEES ae en mn Ba UT 80,504 2,843 404,602
INSTALLATIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS
ANTHROPOLOGY.—The main efforts of this Department during
1931 were directed toward the installation of Mary D. Sturges Hall
(Hall 3) devoted to North American archaeology, and the completion
of the Jade Room (Hall 30). A noteworthy beginning was made in
the reinstallation of Joseph N. Field Hall (Hall A), and many
additions and improvements were made in almost all other halls
of the Department.
144 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
A total of seventy-three exhibition cases was installed or rein-
stalled during the year, distributed as follows:
Cases
Reypt (Balhae ici feted A eee eee 5
Joseph: N. Field. Hall (Hall A). ...5...-..-.5. J0.662) 2 ee ff
Polynesia (Balti): of Sol tLe 4
Arthur B. Jones collection (Hall G)... 2.0.02). .0... 2. eee 1
neamley Held Hall)... <u ie iswdia hima se ee 4
Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 3)... 2... 22 A oe eee 17
James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Hall (Hall 4)............ 3
California and Southwest Nomadic Tribes (Hall 6)................ %,
Mexico:and Central America (Hall'8)).. 2. 2.2... 2 eee 4
South. America. (Hall:9).. 2200). 202.025 Ce) ee 2
Eskimo and Northwest Coast Ethnology (Hall 10)................. 5
Chinese Jade (Hall’30):. 2c. 2 ee eee eee 8
Models of pagodas (South Gallery). =3....:.25. .20 2.2. ee ee 5
Ethnology of China and Tibet (Hall 32)... 2.2.22... 42 1
Total. 2o.2...0..04 Gidben set on ee wate e Gee eee ee 73
The installation of Hall J, devoted to the archaeology of ancient
Egypt, may be reported as complete. Two large built-in cases
along the south wall of the hall were installed this year. The bril-
liantly ornamented Egyptian textiles, which had been mounted and
stretched on frames at the end of 1930, now occupy eight large sec-
tions of a built-in case along the south wall. The greater part of
the textile exhibit, including specimens previously installed in the
case on the north wall, belongs to post-Christian centuries. During
the so-called Coptic period, chiefly in the first millennium after our
era, Hellenistic and Western Asiatic art influences mingled with
those of ancient Egypt to produce the varied patterns which make
this a collection of treasures for the modern designer. Some inscribed
and decorated mummy wrappings of the pre-Christian era are
included in the exhibit.
In the case at the west end of the south wall have been placed
fifty Egyptian tombstones or memorial tablets, ranging in date from
the Middle Kingdom (about 2000 B.c.) to the Coptic period. The
compartment above them has been used to display further examples
of Egyptian sculpture or craftsmanship in stone, partly originals and
partly casts, from tomb and temple walls still standing in Egypt.
A beginning was made toward the end of the year with the
reinstallation of Joseph N. Field Hall (Hall A) which contains the
most comprehensive known collection of Melanesian ethnological
material. So far seven cases of very beautiful wood carvings and
other specimens from New Ireland have been reinstalled on buff-
colored screens.
qeej BUlU ‘;eUIIUe BUIMOIING JO 44ZUB] £4909] 4YBIe ‘[eUIUB 4OOIe Jo 4YSIOFY
LOGI “VIATOR 0} UOIyTpadxT [woisojoquogyed Ploy [eysie
(88 T®H) eH Weqeiy “yY yeu
(uopopya2g) HLOIS GNONOUD NVOINANV HLNOS 'TISSOd JO SNOLATHMS GALNNOW
IIIAX 4%I1d ‘XI “10A ‘s}odey A104S1FT [eINYVN JO unesnyy Plot
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 145
In Hall F (Polynesia and Micronesia) four cases containing Maori
; Pepess wood carvings, jade ornaments, and utensils were reinstalled.
''The old-style black labels were replaced with buff cards in black
‘type in twenty-one cases of this hall, and also on the Maori council-
hiouse.
) A miniature group representing a village of the Menangkabau,
a Malayan tribe of Sumatra (in Hall G, Arthur B. Jones collection),
was completed this year. Data for this group were collected by
Dr. Fay-Cooper Cole, now of the University of Chicago, while on
the Arthur B. Jones Expedition to Malaysia, 1922-23. The modeling
was done by Mr. John G. Prasuhn, and the painted background is
the work of Staff Artist Charles A. Corwin. The model is illustrated
in Plate VIII of this Report.
Four cases in Stanley Field Hall, containing Sung porcelain
from China, gold ornaments from Colombia, jewelry from India, and
busts of prehistoric man, were reinstalled with new buff labels. The
ease of Sung porcelain (Case 6) was entirely rearranged. ‘To Case
11 in Stanley Field Hall were added gold earrings and a lapis-lazuli
head from Kish. The latter represents a typical Sumerian head
of the fourth millennium before our era. It is probably the tiniest
bit of sculpture ever made, and a magnifying lens has been placed
in front of it to make possible a better study of its fine details.
In Edward E. and Emma B. Ayer Hall (Hall 2) the backgrounds
of two cases containing Roman frescoes from Pompeii were repainted
in light colors and provided with labels in the new style.
Seventeen cases of North American archaeological material, and
an actual size model of an Illinois mound-builder’s grave have been
placed on exhibition in Mary D. Sturges Hall (Hall 3). Most of the
objects installed in the cases are of stone, but objects of bone, wood,
shell, copper, and pottery are likewise exhibited. It is customary
to divide prehistoric North America into twelve culture areas. This
classification has been made on the basis of similarity of traits; for
example, pottery, weaving, stone and copper artifacts, burials, and
houses. The main object of Hall 3 is to illustrate the prehistoric
cultures of these different areas (excepting that of the Southwest,
which is shown in Hall 7). With this end in view, the material has
been chosen to illustrate the development, skill, and resourcefulness
of the Indians of each region.
The culture areas represented are: Mississippi-Ohio, South
Atlantic, North Atlantic, Iroquoian, Great Lakes, Columbia-Fraser,
North Pacific Coast, and California. The exhibits have been
146 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
labeled with reference to these areas and also sublabeled, so far a
possible, according to the more familiar, political state boundaries};
for example, the state of Illinois comprises two distinct cultures
one in the northern and another in the southern portion. The casfe
label, accordingly, reads, “Archaeology of the Great Lakes Areaj,
Northern Illinois.”” In this manner, the layman, even though hee
may be unfamiliar with the conceptions of the archaeologist, never
theless can easily find the region in which he is interested. /
As the archaeology of Illinois is of great local interest, the cases
devoted to that region have been placed at the west end near the
entrance to the hall. To the right of the west entrance stands the
model of an Illinois mound which is shown partially excavated (see
Plate III of this Report). In the foreground is shown a typical
burial with the accompanying grave furniture, consisting of pottery,
beads, shell spoons, and stone artifacts. The skeleton and acces-
sories for this group were contributed by Dr. Don F. Dickson of
Lewistown, Illinois (see p. 105). To the left of the west entrance
is a typological exhibit containing the various types of stone and
copper artifacts, ornaments, and pottery, and showing by means
of maps the distribution in North America of each. An idea of this
new method of installation followed in Hall 3 may be obtained from
Plate XVI of this Report, which shows painted pottery from burial
mounds of Arkansas.
Three cases illustrating the ethnology of the Naskapi of Labrador
were added to James Nelson and Anna Louise Raymond Hall (Hall 4).
They contain clothing, weapons, hunting and fishing implements,
means of transportation, charms, and ceremonial objects collected
by Dr. William D. Strong, former Assistant Curator, during the
Second Rawson—MacMillan Subarctic Expedition, 1927-28. The
installation of Hall 4 has been completed.
Seven newly installed cases were placed in Hall 6. These illustrate
the cultures of the Thompson River, Wasco, Klikitat, Yakima, and
Skokomish Indians by means of buckskin garments, bags, baskets,
tools, weapons, ornaments, and ceremonial objects.
One case of archaeological material representing the Highland
Maya culture of Guatemala was installed and placed on exhibition
in Hall 8. Most of the objects in this case were collected by Assistant
Curator J. Eric Thompson as leader of the Second and Third Marshall
Field Archaeological Expeditions to British Honduras. A case of
Costa Rican archaeological material, chiefly pottery, was also
installed. Three cases were removed from Hall 8, and the material
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 147
in them, representing the civilization of the Toluca Valley of central
Mexico, was reinstalled in two screen cases. A previously installed
case of Nicaraguan archaeology was labeled.
Two cases of newly installed material have been added to Hall 9.
In one of these is displayed a representative collection of the fine
Nazca pottery of southern Peru, collected by Dr. A. L. Kroeber,
Research Associate in American Archaeology, while leading the First
and Second Marshall Field Archaeological Expeditions to Peru. The
other case displays ethnological material collected in Colombia
by Dr. J. Alden Mason, former Assistant Curator, as leader of the
Marshall Field Archaeological Expedition to Colombia. Five cases
previously installed in this hall were labeled.
In Hall 10 five cases were reinstalled on light-colored screens.
These illustrate the ethnology of the Chinook, Cowichan, and Puget
Sound Salish of the Northwest Coast of America. A loom and
textiles, wood carvings, utensils, baskets, and ceremonial objects
are included in this exhibit. It is planned to proceed with the rein-
stallation of this hall in the coming year.
On October 31 the Jade Room (Hall 30) was opened to the
public. About 1,200 jade carvings are installed in chronological
order in eight cases, individually lighted. In each case a flowered
yellow silk, woven on a hand-loom at Lyons, France, after a Chinese
sample of the K‘ien-lung period, has been used as background. Each
case contains a general descriptive label which sets forth the charac-
teristic features of the period in question. In addition, there are
smaller labels for groups of objects or individual pieces. A total of
717 stands were carved as supports for the jades. A number of the
objects in this room were received as far back as 1899 as a gift
of the late Mr. H. N. Higinbotham, but the foundation of the
collection was laid by the Blackstone Expedition to China, 1908-10,
under the leadership of Dr. Berthold Laufer, Curator of Anthro-
pology, who was the first to collect the archaic jades of China and
to study and interpret them. Many additions to the collection were
made by him in 1923 during the Marshall Field Expedition to China.
In 1927 the Bahr collection of Chinese jades was acquired by the
Museum with a fund to which Mrs. George T. Smith, Mrs. John J.
Borland, Miss Kate S. Buckingham, Mr. Martin A. Ryerson, Mr.
Julius Rosenwald, Mr. Otto C. Doering, and Mr. Martin C. Schwab
contributed. Other objects were presented by individuals, among
whom Mrs. William H. Moore, the late Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr.,
and Mr. J. A. L. Moeller are prominent. An imperial yellow silk
148 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
tapestry, decorated with nine dragons, has been hung on the wall
of this room, and its color harmonizes well with that of the silk
used in the exhibition cases. The tapestry was presented to the
Museum by the American Friends of China, Chicago.
The models of Chinese pagodas have been rearranged and pro- —
vided with new and revised labels. Twenty-six Chinese paintings
were hung in the South Gallery. A case of Chinese tobacco pipes —
in Hall 32 has been reinstalled.
A study room (Room 55) located opposite the Department ©
library was completed and opened this year. It is well lighted and ©
well equipped with tables and chairs for the use of students, many ~
of whom availed themselves of the opportunity presented. Three ™
of the walls are lined with cases containing collections arranged in”
geographical order. Among these are a selection of American Indian ~
baskets; pottery of Mexico and Peru, including an instructive series ©
of modern forgeries; bronzes and ceramics of China; wood carvings ©
and other material from Japan; brasses, pottery, and metal stamps”
for textiles from India; string bags and wood carvings of Melanesia; *
a large variety of African objects; and ancient Egyptian fabrics.
An alabaster model of the Taj Mahal occupies the center of the room.
The material in the cases has been specially selected with reference |
to the needs of designers. It is accessible to-all students who are
seriously interested. Material in storage rooms can also be made
available to students if proper notice is given in advance.
Under the plan of cooperation with the University of Chicago
study material was largely used by the professors and students of
the Oriental Institute, Department of Anthropology, and Department
of Art of the university.
The cooperation of the university with the Museum is best
illustrated in the collections of Egyptian archaeology. Professor
James H. Breasted, Director of the Oriental Institute, has always
rendered generous assistance to the Museum in securing valuable
collections, identifying material, and translating Egyptian inscrip-
tions. In 1927 Professor Breasted obligingly consented to grant the
Museum the part-time services of Dr. T. George Allen for the pur-
pose of installing and labeling the Museum’s Egyptian collections.
Dr. Allen, who was appointed Assistant Curator of Egyptian Archae-
ology in 1927, acquitted himself of this task in the most creditable
manner, and the Egyptian hall is now well arranged and labeled.
Miss Elizabeth Stefanski of the Oriental Institute published,
under the supervision of Assistant Curator Allen, descriptions of
ozIs [enqoB syJY-0M} yNoGYy
wuntenby tweIy, Aq payueseid uoujoeds wosy yroyoony *H nyiAy Aq poonpoideyy
(81 11@H) eH suey *M MeqTy
HSI4 NOIdUOOS
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THE LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 149
several inscribed and decorated mummy-wrappings included in the
Museum’s exhibit of Egyptian textiles (American Journal of Semitic
Languages, Vol. XLVIII, pp. 45-50). Dr. Allen completed a manu-
script describing and translating the fifty Egyptian tombstones
which are now on exhibition in the Egyptian hall.
The archaeological material from Kish has proved a constant
attraction to Dr. Albert T. Olmstead, professor of ancient history
at the Oriental Institute, and his students, who have come several
times to study it. Miss Lucy C. Driscoll, professor of the history
of art at the university, brought her students occasionally to discuss
and study Chinese paintings and jades.
Dr. George Herzog, a student in the department of anthropology
at the University of Chicago, transcribed dictaphone records of
drum music and songs of the Ovimbundu of Angola, taken by
Assistant Curator W. D. Hambly while leading the Frederick H.
Rawson—Field Museum Ethnological Expedition to West Africa.
Mr. C. P. Watkins, a student in the same department, studied
linguistic records from the same tribe and prepared a short paper
on the tones and syntax of the Umbundu language.
Dr. Gerhardt von Bonin, associate in anatomy at the University
of Illinois, continued his anthropometric study of skulls from New
Britain, and assisted in the restoration of the Cap Blanc Magdalenian
skull and in measurements of all bones of the Cap Blane skeleton.
In the Department’s carpenter shop, thirty new screens, forty-
four bases, and 168 frames were turned out.
In the modeling section of the Department the Menangkabau
village group and a restoration of the Mitla temple model were
completed by Modeler John G. Prasuhn. He likewise modeled and
constructed the grave of the mound-builder from Illinois, and
modeled and cast twenty-one Eskimo heads to be used in connec-
tion with an exhibit of Eskimo costumes. In addition, Mr. Prasuhn
made a small working model of an Indian copper mine, made casts
of four Chinese jade seals and of a mold from Guatemala, treated
an Egyptian bronze cat by means of the electrochemical process,
made a plaster bed for a neolithic skeleton, and repaired two Cliff-
dwellers’ models, a model of Stonehenge, and the plaster figure of
an African medicine-man.
There were 276 objects treated, repaired or restored in the
Department’s repair shop. These comprise two antiquities from
Egypt, forty-nine from Kish, seventy-seven from China, forty-nine
150 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
from America, two from Melanesia, fifty-three from Europe, and
forty-four bones. Five hundred stands for jades were also made in
the repair shop.
Numbers marked on specimens totaled 16,282. Material in
twenty-two exhibition cases was poisoned. Material stored in the ©
poison room on the fourth floor was cared for in the usual manner
and is in excellent condition.
Stored material in Room 28, consisting of duplicate objects
available for exchange, was rearranged. Skulls and skeletal material
were moved from Room 35 to Room 39 which is now assigned to
physical anthropology. The material is permanently housed there
in six steel-encased cabinets provided with identification labels.
Room 36A is set aside for the archaeological material from Kish,
Room 380 for ethnology of the Northwest Coast of America, Room 31
for material from Africa, Room 33 for material from India, Room
34 for Mayan archaeology and South American ethnology, Room 35
for Melanesian ethnology, and Room 36 for ethnology of the Philip-
pines and Malay Archipelago. Room 66 has been equipped with
seven steel racks, on which Chinese material has been rearranged.
A section in the northwest corner of Work Room 38 has been
partitioned off and fitted with steel shelves. The repair shop now
located in Room 29 will be transferred there, and Room 29 will be
provided with storage racks for study material.
BoTANY.—The studies on Carboniferous plants and the material
accumulated incidentally to the work on the Carboniferous forest
group for Ernest R. Graham Hall of Historical Geology (Hall 38),
have enabled the Department of Botany to make some important
additions also to the exhibits in the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29).
The Lycopods or clubmosses were formerly represented there
only by specimens of the small modern ground pines and selaginellas,
with a few fossil specimens to indicate the existence of extinct
members of this order. To these it has now been possible to add
reconstructions of some of the extinct representatives of this order.
There have thus been added to the former exhibit two restora-
tions of fertile branches of Lepidodendron, showing in detail the
dichotomous branching, the sculptured surface pattern, the grass-
like foliage, and the spore-bearing cones of large size, which distin-
guished the clubmosses of this genus. With them has been placed
a small-scale model of an ancient clubmoss tree and a reconstruction
|
of a five-foot length of the trunk of a Sigillaria. The result is a —
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 151
different and much more adequate representation of an order of
plants at present relatively insignificant, but formerly of great
importance as they once constituted a large if not the principal
part of the land flora of the world.
Other classes and orders of nonflowering plants entirely absent
from the present-day vegetation, or existing now only as a dwindling
remnant of a once magnificent development, are similarly being added
to the exhibits in the Hall of Plant Life (Hall 29). Such are the
Equisetums or horsetails, the Cycadofilices or seed-bearing ferns, the
Cordaites, the primitive conifers of Paleozoic time, the Cycadeoids of
the Mesozoic, etc. Reconstructions of a plant of Sphenophyllum (S.
emarginatum) and of a seed-bearing branch of Cordaites (C. boras-
sifolius) have thus recently been installed in their appropriate places
in the botanical exhibits. These reconstructions have been pre-
pared in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories.
Botanical classifications usually pay scant attention to whole
classes and orders of plants that have become extinct. It is often
forgotten that the present-day vegetation represents in part the
survival of vegetation of the past, and in part the end products
of a long line of evolution, some of relatively recent time. For an
understanding of modern vegetation, a knowledge of that which has
preceded it is important. The exhibits in the Hall of Plant Life,
bringing together, as they do, a large assemblage of interesting plants
from all parts of the world, are at the present stage far from complete,
but even now they offer the most extensive Museum display of
plants in existence. With the inclusion of a selected number of
restorations of outstanding extinct types, for some of which almost
perfect data exist, the botanical exhibits will become much more
_ truly representative of the plant kingdom as a whole than if the
extinct groups were disregarded.
The liverworts and true mosses in this hall have recently been
reinstalled to great advantage, and space has thereby been released
for a more adequate treatment of the fungi, shown at present
especially by a number of common mushrooms.
From material obtained in Parad by members of the Marshall
Field Botanical Expedition to the Amazon in 1929, there has been
reproduced for the Hall of Plant Life a branch of arnatto (Bixa
Orellana). This handsome tropical shrub or small tree is best known
as the source of the yellow coloring matter employed for improving
the appearance of dairy butter and imparting color to its substitutes.
It is less generally known that it is commonly used by the South
152 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
American Indians for painting their bodies. The color is obtained
from the seeds which in certain places form an important article
of commerce. With its characteristic red-veined leaves, its pink ©
flowers, and its bright red prickly pods, which are probably responsible
for its Indian name ‘‘Urucd”’ (red), the arnatto makes an interesting
addition to the number of useful plants already represented in this
hall. The specific name of this plant recalls one of the most adven-
turous characters in the history of the European occupation of South —
America, the Spaniard Francisco de Orellana, who was the first white
man to descend the entire length of the Amazon in futile search of —
the city of Manoa. The brilliant color of the plant extract of this ©
Amazonian species may be presumed to have suggested to the ©
botanist responsible for the name the golden hallucinations of the ©
Spanish adventurers among whom Orellana is an outstanding type.
A less exotic addition to the exhibits of recent date in the same ~
hall is a handsome reproduction of a branch of a tulip tree. It was ©
prepared from material obtained in Indiana. This splendid North ~
American forest tree, related to the magnolias, has a wide distribution ~
in the states to the south and east of Illinois and approaches its ©
northern limit in this region. The specimen is designed to be placed ~
eventually in Charles F. Millspaugh Hall (Hall 26, North American 7
Woods) in connection with the display of the trunk and wood of
yellow poplar, under which name it is generally known commercially.
With resumption of active work on exhibits in this hall the black
labels are gradually being replaced with light-colored ones to con- _
form with the now generally prevalent color scheme in the Museum.
In connection with this the opportunity is being taken to rewrite
many of the case labels and to revise carefully all others.
The installation of the economic botanical exhibits in Hall 28 _
has been continued during the year by Assistant Curator James
B. McNair. Additional reinstallations were made of the various
fibers and fibrous plants that serve as raw material for the textile
and kindred industries. The list for the year is essentially as follows:
longleaf pine and other coniferous fibers, raffia, manila hemp, sedges,
grasses, sisal, rushes, and bamboo, almost all of which are used for
rope and twine as well as for mats and textiles.
Some entirely new exhibits have been added to these. Various
other fibrous materials find application in certain fundamental
industries common to humanity in all stages of cultural development.
Such are the basketry, brush, and broom materials. The many
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 153
kinds of plant material used for straw hats belong in the same
category.
The basketry material has been arranged in three groups: (1)
the principal commercial products of willow, rattan, bamboo, and
mucroo; (2) baskets constructed of miscellaneous materials, such
as fern stems, seaweeds, manila hemp, akebi vine, sedge, grass,
grape, cane, and palm; and (3) baskets made by North American
Indians, such as those of pine needles, yuca leaf fiber, sumac, willow
and hazel twigs, rushes, cat-tail flags, and spruce roots. In industrial
importance the four materials in the first group stand out above
all others: twigs of willows and the stems of the slender rattan
palm are used especially in Europe and North America; mucroo,
the stem of a marantaceous reed, is peculiar to South America;
and bamboo, the woody stem of a giant grass, furnishes the most
popular basket material of the Orient.
Brooms represent an industry almost as primitive as basket
making, and one case is devoted to various forms of brushes and
brooms made of a large variety of materials. Emphasis is given
to those used in the United States, including the ordinary house
broom and whisk broom of sorghum. There are scrubbing brushes
of Mexican grass roots, palmyra and other palm fiber, the white-
wash brush of coconut-husk fiber, and coarse street brooms of
piassaba, African bass, and sugar-palm fiber.
An exhibit of the plant materials commonly used for hat making
shows that many different plant stems and fibers of widely different
origin are used for this purpose in various parts of the world, e.g.:
splints from the stems of bamboo and rattan; strips from the leaves
of screwpine, palmyra, and other palms; fiber from the young leaves
of the so-called panama hat palm which is a near-palm; wheat straw,
spruce roots, and manila hemp. The most common type of straw
hat in the United States is made of wheat straw in some form, and
one half of a case has been given over to the varieties of this well-
known article of common use so popular during a part of the year.
Another half-case shows the material and various stages in the
weaving of panama hats. Photographs in the exhibit portray the
panama hat plant, the weaving of a panama hat, and the manu-
facture of hats in Italy. The exhibit includes many other common
types of hats, such as leghorn, balibuntal, baku, yeddo, bamboo.
The cork and cork products exhibit is much more attractive as
reinstalled on its light background than on the black of the old
installation. This exhibit shows vertical and horizontal cross sec-
154 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
tions of the cork oak tree in typical stages of growth, the separated
cork layer, and various products, from pen holders to life preservers,
made of cork.
Another near-by exhibit, the tans and dyes, likewise includes
forms of bark. Among dyestuffs are many which have been in
common use throughout historic time, such as the well-known
henna, indigo, madder, turmeric, catechu, and Persian berries.
Other materials displayed are brazilwood, logwood, fustic, cochineal,
and arnatto, used for many centuries by American Indians, who
introduced them to Europeans. While the use of artificial dyes,
especially from coal tar, has reduced the importance of natural dye-
stuffs, many of them still find application, and those no longer
widely employed have a value in demonstrating the coloring matters
produced by plants, and in showing plants used for dyeing by ancient
and aboriginal peoples such as the ancient Egyptians, Peruvians,
and North American Indians. The employment of harmless plant
dyes for coloring foods, oils, cosmetics, and other such products
is becoming more widespread.
The exhibit of tanning materials includes hemlock bark, que-
bracho wood, gambier, mangrove bark, sumac, myrobalan nuts,
valonia acorns, and other plant products.
An alcove consisting of two vertical cases with a table case
between has been given over to a display of tobacco. This exhibit
shows the principal cigarette, cigar, chewing, and pipe tobaccos
from many parts of the world, as well as forms of tobacco seldom
encountered. Unusual cigarettes and cigars from many countries
are shown, including Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Japan, and Siam.
Fiber plants have long been useful to man in the manufacture
of mats and clothing; comparatively recently they have become
equally important in paper making. The fast-growing paper-
making industry makes use of many kinds of plants and several
exhibition cases have been given over to the plants processed for
paper pulp. Many herbs, shrubs, and trees are made to yield
this material, the plants thus utilized including grasses, cotton, flax,
hemlock, pine, and spruce.
Several years ago the edible products from corn were installed
in Hall 25. Now the fibrous and other inedible products from the
corn plant have been arranged in Hall 28. All parts of the corn
are found to be capable of useful application. Wall board and paper
are made from the leaves and stalks; cigarette papers and tamale
wrappers from the husks; distillation products, charcoal, and pipe
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 155
bowls from the cobs; and fermentation products such as butyl and
amy] alcohols from the kernels.
In continuation of the work begun early in 1929, satisfactory
progress was made during the year in the reinstallation of available
specimens of the principal species of North American trees in Charles
F. Millspaugh Hall (Hall 26). Of the eighty-four species selected
to complete the series, sixty-nine are now installed.
The following ten species have been placed on exhibition during
the year: longleaf pine, western hemlock, Douglas fir, Monterey
cypress, red mulberry, black locust, sugar maple, basswood, black
gum and tupelo. Photographic enlargements to accompany some
of these were made from prints kindly loaned by the United States
Forest Service.
Specimens of various other species intended for the same hall
are on hand as follows: western larch, western red cedar, tamarack,
sycamore, southern white cedar and paper birch. These were
generously furnished by individuals and concerns associated with
the lumber industry and will be placed on exhibition as soon as the
specimens are sufficiently dry.
Considerable progress was made with the exhibits in the Hall of
Foreign Woods (Hall 27). The black backgrounds have been
eliminated as far as possible and many specimens and whole exhibits
have been retired to the study collections to make room for new
ones. The best of the foreign wood exhibits have been or will
be reinstalled in the hall, e.g. the remarkable Japanese collection,
the Australian and New Zealand woods, etc. In view of the impos-
sibility of showing all the woods of every foreign country, attention
is being given first to the representation of those species that have
assumed commercial importance in the trade of the United States
and are thus of special and immediate interest in this country.
Of the reinstallations completed, one of the most attractive is
the case in which are displayed large boards of Parana or Brazilian
pine, and embuia, the two most important timber trees of southern
Brazil. Enlarged photographs, showing the trees in their natural
environment, add to the interest of the exhibit.
The table-top made of a single board roughed out of the buttress
root of Andaman padauk was hand polished and reinstalled. The
addition of veneered panels of East Indian rosewood and Andaman
padauk, placed on each side, affords an opportunity for a compari-
son of these woods.
156 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
A series of twenty-four boards of the principal woods of the lower
Amazon Valley was placed on exhibition. These specimens were
secured in Para by the Marshall Field Botanical Expedition to the
Amazon, and are of unusual interest in that they show the wide
variation in color, density, and other features displayed by the woods
of that region.
Eleven boards of the principal commercial woods of Argentina,
and a wheel section of the famous tannin-yielding quebracho, have
been installed in cases adjoining the Brazilian collection.
Another attractive exhibit is the series of twelve veneered panels
representing important timber trees occurring in Madagascar and on
the west coast of Africa. Many of those shown have become known
in the American market only during the last few years, while a few
of them are practically: unknown.
Installation of the European woods in the section of the hall set
aside for them has been inaugurated with the placing on exhibition
of panels of Circassian, French and English walnut, English brown
oak, Italian olive and sycamore-maple.
Many panels of other European, African and Indian woods are
on hand, ready to be added to the foreign wood exhibits. Prepara-
tions have been made to reinstall the Museum’s collection of Aus-
tralian woods. The large planks have been planed and hand polished
and these will eventually be placed on exhibition in the Hall of
Foreign Woods.
As in previous years, Professor Samuel J. Record, the Museum’s
Research Associate in Wood Technology, spent a month at the
institution, working on the collection of Peruvian, Brazilian, and
Paraguayan woods and other material in the study series. In addi-
tion, he supervised the work of installing new specimens in the Hall
of Foreign Woods and formulated plans for the arrangement of
others when they become available. He also prepared labels for
several exhibits of North American woods in Charles F. Millspaugh
Hall, as well as for the various panels of African and Indian woods
placed on exhibition during the year.
A recent issue of the American Lumberman carried an illustrated
article about the Museum’s wood exhibits. Various organizations
and individuals have expressed an interest in the foreign woods and
have signified a willingness to furnish many specimens now lacking.
These will become available as soon as they have been prepared or
procured from their countries of origin.
Field Museum of Natural History Reports, Vol. IX, Plate XX
BOE PAS
Ra eel ee atta
GRANADILLA (Passiflora quadrangularis )
(Hall 29)
One of the large-fruited Passionflowers of the American tropics. Reproduced in
Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories, Department of Botany,
from material obtained by the Stanley Field Guiana Expedition
THE LIBRARY | .
OF THE
GNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 157
During 1931 the collections of the Herbarium have increased in
a most satisfactory and encouraging manner. Its permanent scien-
tific value and importance have been enhanced by the large amount
of tropical American material added to it, with a corresponding
increase in the number of species available for study. Of greatest
importance in the progress of the Herbarium has been the insertion
of many thousands of photographs of type specimens from European
herbaria, the majority of which represent species new to the collec-
tions, and for the most part species lacking in other American
herbaria.
The Museum Herbarium now contains more than 642,000
mounted sheets of plants, representing the floras of every region
of the earth, but most fully those of North and South America.
There are in storage, awaiting mounting, probably 100,000 additional
specimens, the majority of which are from the Old World. There
are arrears, also, of American plants, for it has been impossible to
prepare for the Herbarium all the tropical American collections as
rapidly as they have arrived during the past two years.
The plant mounter, with the aid of an assistant for a part of the
year, has prepared for incorporation in the Herbarium, by gluing
and strapping, 21,620 specimens of plants. This number includes
some thousands of photographs which were mounted with their
labels upon herbarium sheets and stamped so that they could be
distributed into the study series. The work has been done most
efficiently, as a result of long years of experience, and it is safe to
say that in no herbarium are the plant specimens better or more
enduringly mounted than in Field Museum.
The output of mounted plants would have been greater if the
time of the mounter had not been used for other necessary purposes.
All lots of specimens received were fumigated promptly in order to
destroy any insects lurking in them, and prevent their introduction
into the Herbarium, where they could cause serious damage. The
Herbarium in recent years has been gratifyingly free of insects, for
only in one or two instances have beetles been found. In the general
Herbarium no beetles have been seen during the past four years.
The plant mounter prepared 18,000 packets for attaching loose
material to the sheets on which specimens are mounted. He also
packed for shipment no less than 171 lots of plants. Some of these
consisted of only one or two small specimens, but others comprised
hundreds of them, which had to be counted, wrapped, and packed
158 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
in boxes or other containers, often in such form that they could be
shipped safely to distant countries.
The Custodian of the Herbarium, Mr. Carl Neuberth, was absent
upon vacation and leave for three months of the year, but he kept
the Herbarium in perfect order. All lots of mounted plants were
distributed as quickly as they came from the mounting room, a
degree of efficiency seldom encountered in herbaria, in many of
which mounted plants sometimes accumulate for several years before
being distributed and thus made available for study. Specimens of
unusual importance arriving at Field Museum sometimes are filed
in the Herbarium the same day that they are received.
The work of the Custodian was increased by the installation
during the year of six additional steel herbarium cases, to accom-
modate the growth and rearrangement of the collections. This
necessitated the shifting of a large part of the main Herbarium,
with a consequent preparation of new case labels. Three of the
cases were placed in the general Herbarium, and three others in
Room 4 which is adjacent to the Department library. To Room 4
was transferred the Illinois herbarium, previously stored in tem-
porary cases in a less accessible part of the building. The collections
of lower plants, with the exception of the Harper collection of fungi,
were also moved to this room. In Room 4 there are now six steel
unit cases which accommodate admirably all the collections assigned
to this location. Being spacious and well lighted, the room is a
most agreeable and comfortable one in which to work. There are
stored in it in temporary cases a part of the Peruvian collection which
is being kept separate from the general Herbarium until no longer
needed for study. Also stored there are the Peruvian duplicates
that are awaiting distribution.
The distribution into the Herbarium of so many sheets involved
the writing by the Custodian of hundreds of new genus and species
covers. The Custodian also devoted a great deal of time to rear-
rangement of the Herbarium, excluding synonymous names, and
bringing together in one place all material of a given genus or species.
The Herbarium is now in an enviable condition so far as order
and accessibility are concerned. Practically all the Museum’s plant
collections are arranged in a single sequence, making all specimens
immediately available for examination.
The staff of the Herbarium has determined during the year
many thousands of specimens, in order that they might receive
their proper place in the study series. The determinations of many
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 159
sheets already in the collections have been corrected from time to
time, as special groups were studied or mistakes in names were
discovered. The Amaranthaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Opiliaceae
have been revised during the year, also some genera of the Moraceae,
and many isolated groups of less importance. An attempt has been
made to reduce the accumulation of undetermined material in some
of the larger South American genera, such as Solanum, a task
that is greatly simplified by use of the type photographs obtained
through the work conducted with the aid of the Rockefeller Founda-
tion Fund.
More than 20,000 mounted specimens were added to the Her-
barium during the year. The majority of them were tropical Ameri-
can and especially South American plants, and of the latter several
thousand were species heretofore absent from the collections. At
present, especially for the groups in which type photographs have
been inserted, the Herbarium of Field Museum possesses facilities
for the study of South American plants such as exist in no other
American institution.
Particularly striking have been the additions to the Euphorbi-
aceae or spurge family, in specimens of which the Herbarium is
very rich because of special interest taken in this group by the
late Dr. Charles F. Millspaugh, former Curator of Botany. There
probably can be found nowhere else so complete a representation
of the vast genus Ewphorbia, and there are hundreds of species, also,
of Croton, which in America is an even larger group. In the genus
Hevea, comprising the trees that yield Para rubber, and therefore
one of the world’s most important genera economically, the Museum
now has represented nineteen species, illustrated by fifty-eight speci-
mens from South America and elsewhere. The wealth of available
material could be exemplified by other cases based upon even more
impressive statistics.
Although, as recorded in the Report for 1930, the Museum’s
collection of the tropical family Rubiaceae, which contains such
plants as coffee, cinchona or quinine, and ipecac, at that time was
extraordinarily rich, it has been greatly enlarged during the past
year. There have been added photographs of the many types in
the Munich and Geneva herbaria, particularly those of the classic
DeCandolle Herbarium of Geneva. Almost all the American species
of the family are now represented by authentic material. Photo-
graphs have been added of the type specimens sent for study by
‘European herbaria and described by Associate Curator Paul C.
160 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Standley, while the number of original type specimens has advanced |
as a result of recent accessions of newly collected material.
GEOLOGY.— Installation activities in the Department of Geology
have been devoted chiefly to changing the color of the case interiors
and labels to the standard buff recently adopted. This has involved —
the complete removal of the contents of the cases, their reinstalla-
tion, and the printing and installation of entirely new labels. The
opportunity has been taken at the same time to make such changes —
as seemed desirable in the contents of the cases, and to substitute - F
for less important specimens others of more interest and value. ©
While the general plan of installation has remained much the same
and most of the material shown is that formerly exhibited, additions
and alterations have been made which materially improve the”
appearance and value of the exhibits.
In Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38) all the upright cases, forty-7
one in number, were also altered in design, thus necessitating many
changes in the shelving and the character of installation. In addition”
to cases reinstalled, three cases with entirely new contents were
added to the Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall (Hall 87) series, and five”
new cases to Graham Hall, making a total for the Department of
eight new cases.
The cases reinstalled included three in Stanley Field Hall, five
in Hall 34, one in Clarence Buckingham Hall (Hall 35), one in Hall
36, forty-seven in Skiff Hall, and forty-one in Graham Hall. These
make a total of 106 cases either reinstalled or newly installed during
the year. |
In Stanley Field Hall the three cases reinstalled were those illus-
trating varieties of quartz, comparison of ancient and modern’
animals and plants, and the evolution of the horse. To the case
of varieties of quartz there were added a number of specimens of
Brazilian rock crystal collected by the Curator on the Marshall
Field Brazilian Expedition of 1922. To the case showing comparison
of ancient and modern animals and plants, four specimens were
added and the liquids of such specimens as were contained in fluids
were renewed. To the case illustrating evolution of the horse, th é
superb model of the race horse “Man o’ War,” presented by Mr.
Frederick Blaschke, of Cold Spring-on-Hudson, New York, was added -
and some other alterations were made. Previous to installation the
cases were relined with buff-colored fabric. f
In H. N. Higinbotham Hall (Hall 31) the beautiful ruby topaz
and black opal gems presented by the late Mr. Richard T. Crane, Jr.,
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were installed in the groups to which they belong, and the five gem
cases in the hall were opened and cleaned.
In Hall 34 three cases of meteorites and two of minerals were
reinstalled. To the case of Brenham meteorites, several specimens
of the oxidized meteorites of this fall, found in 1928, were added.
The case containing the Long Island meteorite was provided with
a new label so placed as to make reading easy, and specimens of the
slickensided and polished interior of the meteorite were put in
prominent positions. Labeling of the exhibit of meteorites was
completed, a total of 1,215 labels being installed.
In the collection of systematic minerals, an exhibit of gases of
the atmosphere, transmitting an electric current so as to show the
spectrum of each, was added to the case of elements, and the entire
case was reinstalled. Specimens of other ingredients of the atmos-
phere, such as water and carbonic acid gas, were added to the case
of oxides. The series of radioactive minerals, numbering seventeen
specimens and an equal number of roentgenograms, was completely
reorganized. New roentgenograms were made by the Museum’s
roentgenologist for each specimen, and the series was reinstalled. A
number of additions were made to the minerals shown in other cases,
especially to the quartz series and some of the sulphides. The cases
containing the William J. Chalmers crystal collection were cleaned,
some specimens added, and the labeling of the collection completed.
In Clarence Buckingham Hall (Hall 35) a case of volcanic prod-
ucts was reinstalled in order to introduce large specimens of malpais
collected near Grant, New Mexico, by the Marshall Field Expedition
to that region in 1929. In Hall 36 a case devoted to sulphur and
magnesia products was reinstalled in order to include the sulphur
exhibits from Freeport (Texas) localities which had been received
during the year. Some minor additions were also made to the con-
tents of this case. In this hall, also, the large painting of the Minne-
sota Iron Mine at Soudan, Minnesota, which had been exhibited
in the Jackson Park building but not previously in the present
building, was hung adjoining the Chandler Iron Mine model.
In Frederick J. V. Skiff Hall (Hall 37) three cases were newly
installed. Two of these were devoted to the ores of Japan which
had been received from the Sesquicentennial Exposition, Philadelphia,
but had not been displayed. This exhibit shows the most important
gold, silver and copper ores of Japan. Another newly installed case
was devoted to ornamental minerals, chiefly of copper compounds.
Reinstallation of forty-seven additional cases in this hall was com-
162 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
pleted. Beginning where work had been discontinued the previous
year, the cases were reinstalled in a similar order. The first series
reinstalled was that of nine cases of marbles. These were grouped
into English and Irish marbles, English and Norwegian marbles,
Alabama, Virginia and Tennessee marbles, Vermont and Georgia
marbles, Winooski marbles, Greek marbles, Japanese marbles and
two cases of serpentine marbles. Complete descriptive labels were
prepared and installed in all these cases. A single case was also
devoted to Mexican onyx. Connected with this series, the building
stones were reinstalled in flat cases, divided into groups of granite,
marble, sandstone and limestone.
Representing the non-metallic minerals of economic importance,
two cases were devoted to asbestos and its products and one case
to abrasives, thus giving a much better grouping of this series than
existed before. Other cases devoted to non-metallic, economic
minerals were one each to the phosphate of lime, apatite, and the
ore of lithium which occurs as rubellite, from San Diego County,
California. The case devoted to models showing the development of
the blast furnace was reinstalled with new and complete labels, and
a series of typical iron ores was added. In the contents of two cases
of iron ores and iron and manganese ores a number of changes of
specimens were made in order to give a representative series of the
ores principally in use at the present time.
A single case was devoted to ores of mercury, chromium and
tungsten, the series of ores of the two latter metals being enlarged —
because of the increased industrial importance which these metals |
are assuming at present. One case of what are known as porphyry |
copper ores and two cases of the Michigan copper ores were rein- |
stalled. One of these was largely devoted to the collection of crys- |
tallized copper presented several years ago by Messrs. N. F. and |
A. F. Leopold of Chicago. Of ores of zinc, one case of those from |
Greece and another of large specimens from Joplin, Missouri, were
reinstalled. |
In the series of gold, silver and lead ores, eight cases, containing -
ores of South America, Mexico, New Mexico, Colorado, Alaska, and -
various other localities, were reinstalled. A single case was devoted |
to the nickel ores of New Caledonia, and a single case has also been |
devoted to ores of platinum, chiefly those of the Russian deposits. |
Certain new features which have been introduced into the installa- |
tion deserve mention. In the series of iron ores, an exhibit showing |
the composition of the four principal ores was prepared and installed. |
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 163
One pound of each ore, with a mass of iron beside it of a size repre-
senting its iron content, is included in this series. A tray of the
powder of each ore is also shown, as the color of the powder is a
distinguishing characteristic. Since limonite is a hydrous ore, a bottle
containing the quantity of water in this ore is shown in addition to
the cylinder representing the amount of iron.
In connection with two large specimens of gold ore, there was
prepared an exhibit to indicate the quantity of gold present in each.
Thus, for a large mass of gold ore weighing 634 pounds and estimated
to carry a value of $25 per ton of gold, a cube of metal representing
the quantity of gold in the ore was prepared and placed beside it.
The cube of metal in this instance is only about one-fourth of an
inch in diameter. Beside another mass of gold ore of lower grade,
weighing 240 pounds and carrying a value of only $10 per ton,
there is shown a similar cube representing the quantity of gold it
contains. Owing to the low grade of the ore, this cube is less than
three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter. There have also been intro-
duced into the cases in appropriate places, specimens of a number
of elements in the metallic state, which are either, like thallium,
rare, or, like calcium, seldom seen. For this addition the Museum
is chiefly indebted to Mr. Herbert C. Walther, of Chicago, who
presented these specimens. ‘They include, besides specimens of
metallic thallium and calcium, palladium, tellurium, molybdenum,
titanium, tungsten and cobalt.
In order to show the geographic distribution of ores, seventeen
maps were supplied. Seventy-four descriptive labels, setting forth
the principal facts regarding the ores and metals exhibited and their
uses, were prepared and installed in the various cases. The majority
of the large labels were installed in the bays of the cases so that they
could be easily read.
In Ernest R. Graham Hall (Hall 38), as has been mentioned,
forty-one cases were reconstructed. The reconstruction consisted
of paneling the upper portion of each case and reducing the size of
the glass front by an equal amount. In the paneled portion were
installed the electric lights which had previously been placed in
boxes above the cases. By this change, the lighting elements were
brought nearer to the contents of the case, thus providing greater
illumination of its interior, and the boxes above the cases which had
interfered somewhat with the view of the mural paintings in the
hall were eliminated.
164 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
As fast as the cases were reconstructed they were reinstalled,
such changes being made in the exhibits as proved necessary or
desirable.
The reinstalled cases are devoted to the following subjects: ““Tar
beds” Pleistocene mammals, North American fossil bison, European
and African Pleistocene birds and mammals, North American Pleis-
tocene mammals, IJlinois mastodons, South American ground sloths,
North American Miocene mammals (two cases), South American
Miocene mammals, Miocene “corkscrews,’’ Oligocene mammals,
Oligocene titanotheres (two cases), Middle Eocene mammals, South |
American Eocene and Oligocene mammals, Eocene fishes, Eocene
shells and plants, Cretaceous reptiles, Cretaceous dinosaurs, Creta- |
ceous fishes, Cretaceous invertebrates, Cretaceous plants and mol- |
lusks, Jurassic dinosaurs (three cases), European Jurassic reptiles (two |
cases), European Jurassic fishes, Permian reptiles and plants, Jurassic
invertebrates (two cases), Jurassic cephalopods, Carboniferous fossils, |
Devonian fishes, Devonian corals, Paleozoic sponges, Silurian fossils |
(two cases), Ordovician fossils, Cambrian fossils and comparative ©
fossils.
In addition to the cases reinstalled, three new groups were added
to the hall during the year. The three groups are of large size, |
two occupying central positions at the ends of the hall. The group.
installed at the north end of the hall is a life size restoration of -
titanotheres (see Plate X), extinct animals which resembled rhinoc- |
eroses in appearance but were as tall and bulky as elephants. The
group is composed of three animals—an enormous male which is in
standing position, and a female and young animal lying down. The .
background and accessories reproduce a supposed habitat of these
huge beasts. The large male figure is thirteen feet eight inches in -
length and eight feet seven inches high. This is the first time an
attempt has been made to reproduce with scientifie accuracy in full
size and three-dimensional form in natural surroundings, a group of
these great beasts. The male figure was constructed from measure-
ments and studies of the fossil skeleton at Peabody Museum, Yale
University; the female figure from a skeleton at the American)
Museum of Natural History, New York; and the young one from
a skeleton at the University of Wyoming. These titanotheres were.
great, two-horned, hoofed mammals which lived about 30,000,000)
years ago in what are now the so-called ‘“‘Bad Lands’ of Nebraska
and the Dakotas. They were a unique class of animals which became —
extinct at a very remote period. The eminent sculptor, Mr. i
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 165
Frederick Blaschke, designed and constructed the restorations as
he did also the adjoining groups of the Neanderthal family and the
Mesohippus. The titanothere group, as well as these others, are
results of the contribution made by Mr. Ernest R. Graham.
At the south end of the hall another group illustrates a scene
in a swamp forest of the Coal age (see Plates IV, V, IX and XIII).
Much research and three years of exacting labor were devoted
in the Stanley Field Plant Reproduction Laboratories of the Museum
to the preparation of this magnificent work. It represents the most
serious effort ever made to reconstruct in three-dimensional form a
whole assembly of plants of the Carboniferous age.
The group illustrates a scene in a dense swamp forest, at the
margin of a stretch of stagnant water. Plants of the period, which
is estimated to have been 250,000,000 years ago, were of low orders,
far removed in structure and constitution from the forest-producing
flora of the present day. The forms in the group which attained the
size of trees, belonged to orders such as are known today as club-
mosses and “horsetails’’ or ‘“‘scouring rushes.” ‘There are also
represented some tree-ferns resembling those of the present day and
plants of other groups which have become extinct.
As a source for the restorations, remains preserved in fossil form
were used for making casts giving the characters of the leaf scars
and other exterior features of the trees, as well as of the details of
the foliage. The giant “horsetails” or calamites of the period are
represented by a number of trunks carrying characteristic foliage.
Trunks of various sizes and species also illustrate the great club-
mosses which formed the bulk of vegetation of that period. One
of these, several feet in diameter, is shown, and several have a
height of fifteen feet. There are also shown several species belonging
to the important group of seed-ferns, now extinct, and of the early
gymnosperms, called Cordaites, which later gave rise to certain of
the conifers.
Fossils found at Mazon Creek, Illinois, were used as the chief
source from which casts and impressions were obtained for the
reproductions, and on the whole the scene represents such a forest
as probably existed in that locality during the coal-forming period.
Besides the plant life, animal life characteristic of the period is
represented by typical specimens. Of these the most prominent is
a primitive dragonfly having a wing spread of more than two feet.
Cockroaches, which were abundant during the period, are also
represented. The earliest four-legged animals had begun to appear
166 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
in this period in the form of amphibians, and these are represented
by several restorations, the largest being that of the amphibian
known as Diplovertebron punctatus. Iluminated labels and large
numbered charts indicating the name and position of each object in
the group are installed adjoining the case.
Great credit is due to Dr. B. E. Dahlgren, Acting Curator of
Botany, for his work in designing the group, for the research he
carried out to insure accuracy of details, and for the constant super-
vision he exercised over execution of the plans. Messrs. John Millar, ©
Emil Sella, George Peterson, Isidor Ilekis, Milton Copulos and
John Wolcott of the botanical staff also devoted themselves most
earnestly and unremittingly to the work. Professor A. C. Noé,
paleobotanist of the University of Chicago, gave constant advice |
and cooperation, while Mr. Samuel Chambers of the Redpath
Museum of McGill University, Montreal, and Dr. R. C. Bassler
of the United States National Museum, assisted by furnishing fossils
which were used to obtain data for the reproductions. Professor
W. K. Gregory of Columbia University and Professor A. S. Romer
of the University of Chicago, also gave valuable advice and assist-
ance, especially in the restorations of the amphibians.
The third group added to the hall during the year shows skeletons
of two South American ground sloths of Pleistocene age mounted
in life-like positions (see Plate XVIII). These sloths, belonging to
the genus Scelidodon, were collected by the Marshall Field Paleonto-
logical Expedition to Bolivia in 1927. They were excavated from
accumulated valley clays and sands. The skeletons are mounted
in positions such as the animals would have assumed either in
feeding upon the leaves of trees or in digging for roots and tubers.
The skeletons have the massiveness characteristic of these animals
and show admirably the peculiar features of their anatomy. One
skeleton, eight feet in height, is in an erect position, and the other,
nine feet eight inches in length, is in a burrowing position. The
breadth of the body is also remarkable, the larger skeleton being
four feet in width. The preparation, articulation and mounting
of the bones, as well as the construction of the model of the tree,
were the work of Preparator P. C. Orr, under the direction of the
Associate Curator of Paleontology, Elmer S. Riggs.
Adjoining this group is a case devoted largely to specimens
representing other members of the varied family of ground sloths
which form so conspicuous a part of the extinct life of South America.
The genera represented from the Pleistocene formation in this exhibit —
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 167
include skulls of two species each of Megatheriwm and Mylodon and
one species each of Glossotherium, Scelidotherrwm and Scelidodon.
Besides skulls of the above, part of the bony covering of one species
isshown. Thesloths of Pliocene age will be represented by a skeleton
of Pronothrotherium which is now being mounted.
In addition to the new groups, there was installed a complete
skeleton of Trigonias, the most ancient and primitive North Ameri-
can representative of the true rhinoceroses. Besides peculiarities of
the teeth, this animal is of interest in having had four toes on the
front foot instead of three, as in the modern rhinoceros. The skeleton
is mounted against a matrix background occupying one-half of an
upright case, the other half of which is devoted to a partial skeleton
of the aquatic rhinoceros Metamynodon.
To the case of European Pleistocene mammals there were added
the large skull and jaws of the woolly rhinoceros received during
the year.
The final five mural paintings in the series of twenty-eight pre-
sented by Mr. Ernest R. Graham, which have been in preparation
during the past five years, were received from the artist, Mr. Charles
R. Knight, of New York. The titles of these paintings are: Crested,
Duck-billed and Armored Dinosaurs; Great Hoofed Mammals
(Titanotheres); Flying Reptiles and Primitive Birds; Great Horned
Mammal and Four-toed Horse (see Plate XIV); and African Reptiles
of the Permian Period. The two first mentioned are twenty-five
_ by nine feet and the others are ten by nine feet. These were hung
in the locations reserved for them, and together with the twenty-
three previously received they provide on the walls of this hall a
_ remarkably vivid representation of the scenery, plants and animals
of past geologic periods. In connection with the installation, all
of the paintings were cleaned and a protective coating was applied
to their surfaces. Framed labels were provided for the entire series.
In the paleontological laboratory, forty-two specimens of South
American fossil mammals were prepared for study and determina-
tion. Skeletons of the Pliocene glyptodon, Sclaerocalyptus, and the
rare Pliocene ground sloth, Pronothrotherium, were prepared, and
they are now in process of being mounted as a group with back-
ground and accessories. Owing to the extreme rarity of parts of
the skeleton of the Pronothrotherium, five series of casts of its skull
and many other bones were made before it was mounted, in order
to provide for further study and for distribution to other institutions
which might desire replicas of the specimen. A skull of the South
168 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
American fossil mammal, Trachytypotherium, and of the woolly
rhinoceros, Coelodonta, from the Pleistocene of Europe, were also
prepared for installation. Of North American fossil mammals, a
skeleton of the Lower Oligocene rhinoceros, Trigonias, and skulls
of the rare Eocene mammals, Protitanotherium and Eobasileus, were
likewise prepared. A series of casts of the jaw of a rare Lower
Eocene uintathere was made to be used for distribution. For the
study collection, fifty-five skulls or skeletons of recent animals were
prepared.
A marked advance in the completeness and accessibility of the
study collection was made by rearrangement of the entire collection
of North American fossil mammals. This was carefully grouped in
stratigraphical order and labeled. The collection occupies 370 trays
of the standard size, eighteen by twenty-seven inches. Twenty-nine
boxes of fossil reptiles and mammals which had not been opened since
their transfer from the Jackson Park building were unpacked and
distributed to the proper groups. The collections of fossil mammals
now occupy Rooms 101 and 107, and those of the dinosaurs from
the Morristown and Lance Beds were transferred to the ground floor
store room. In Room 107 a large closet was fitted with shelves and
is devoted to the storing of the field-collecting equipment.
The stacks containing trays devoted to the study collections of
ores, minerals and invertebrate fossils in Room 120 were rearranged
and moved so as to make about one-fourth of the floor space of the
room available for use by the general Library. Fourteen steel
cabinets were provided, and the rearranged collections were trans- —
ferred to them. About 200 specimens, most of which were of large
size, were discarded. At the same time the walls and ceiling of the ©
room were painted and the woodwork renovated. Walls and ceilings |
of Rooms 118, 122, 123 and 124 were also cleaned and the woodwork
polished.
_
Analyses and investigations of various substances, both for scien- |
tific and technical purposes, were carried on in the chemical labora-
tory. Seven analyses of limestones and shales from the Arctic
regions were made by Associate Curator Henry W. Nichols, as a
contribution to a publication on the Arctic fauna by Assistant |
Curator Sharat K. Roy. Besides their technical value, these analyses |
were useful in affording comparisons of the rock matrices in which
the fossils from the different localities occurred. Determinations of
the quantity and nature of the organic matter of some fossil worms
|
|
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 169
were also made in the laboratory by Mr. Nichols for use in another
paper by Mr. Roy.
A complete quantitative analysis of the Breece iron meteorite
received during the year was made. An unusual mineral phosphate
found in a Missouri cave was given a preliminary analysis with
results indicating a possible new mineral. Numerous minor identi-
fications of minerals were made by the Curator and Associate
Curator. An incrustation on an archaeological specimen was
analyzed for the Department of Anthropology. A liquid for exter-
minating moths, and a paper to be used for photogravures, were tested
to determine their fitness for these uses. Restoration of ancient
bronzes by the Fink electrolytic process as modified by Mr. Nichols
was carried on. Two Assyrian bronzes were restored for the Oriental
Institute of the University of Chicago, and four bronzes from Kish,
belonging to Field Museum, were renovated. The large bronze
Egyptian cat from Hall J, which prior to 1931 had been restored by
the Fink process, was found to be undergoing additional corrosion
and it was given some further treatment to prevent continuance of the
damage. It was found that in the original treatment an insufficient
amount of time had been allowed for the removal of the soluble
salts, and this defect was remedied.
Considerable experimenting was carried on with a view to per-
fecting the exhibit of atmospheric gases (see p. 1384). When first
installed, this exhibit failed to give satisfactory results. By providing
an eliminator for reducing the lighting current and by adjusting the
wiring in the set of tubes, the operation of the exhibit was much
improved.
The rock-cutting and grinding machine was given a needed over-
hauling, and is now in good running order. Mr. Henry Essig of
Chicago, a skilled lapidary, kindly gave advice gained from his long
experience as to desirable changes to be made in the reconstruction
of the machine. A new counter shaft with babbitted bearings was
connected both with the saw and the lap, and in place of the diamond
saws previously used, which are expensive and difficult to secure,
metal disks to which carborundum powder is automatically fed were
substituted. A specially designed hood for holding and supplying
abrasives was also provided, and this avoids the spattering and
waste which was one of the worst faults of the machine formerly.
Sawing can now be automatically performed and narrower cuts are
made. This equipment has been especially useful for the study of
the internal structure of invertebrate fossils, especially that of bryo-
170 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
zoans, corals, gastropods and cephalopods, upon which generic and
specific differentiations are now largely based. Sixty-eight thin and
seven polished sections were made for this purpose during the year
by Assistant Curator Roy, and these were of much service in the
identification and description of Baffin Land fossils.
ZOOLOGY.—Much progress was made in the preparation and
installation of large mammal groups. Actual installation was con-
fined to the Hall of American Mammal Habitat Groups (Hall 16)
where four groups were completed and opened to the public. Three
of these represent South American subjects—the guanaco, the tapir,
and the great anteater. The fourth—the mountain lion or cougar—
is both North and South American. There now remains only one
more subject, the caribou, to complete all the groups planned for
this hall.
The guanaco group contains five specimens, adults and young,
of the so-called “South American camel.”’ They occupy a setting
representing the pampas of southern Patagonia which are shown
stretching away behind the animals, and which are reminiscent of
the sage-brush plains of some parts of the western United States.
A large male guanaco stands alert, while two females accompanied
by the young are seen about to move off. Under their feet are the
dry grasses on which they feed and the small scrubby brush of the
region.
The group of American tapir (see Plate VI) shows three of these
shy animals, two adults and one partly grown young. They are
represented in mid-day under the shade of a tree at the edge of a
grassy swamp. Beyond them extends a painted scene typical of
southwestern Brazil—open marsh and scattered clumps of small
trees with here and there a slender palm. In the tree above them,
partly concealed by foliage, is a large, handsome, blue macaw.
The great anteater, which is the subject of the third South
American group completed during the year, is one of the most peculiar
of the many queer animals inhabiting the American tropics. Its
very long, slender head, small mouth, great claws, and enormous
bushy tail combine to give it a grotesque appearance. In the group
three animals are shown, two adults and one partly grown young,
engaged in tearing open a termites’ nest. The setting is an opening
in the light forest or semi-savanna which these animals prefer.
The specimens for all three of the South American groups were
obtained by Assistant Curator Colin C. Sanborn while he was a
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 171
member of the Marshall Field South American Expedition of 1926.
The taxidermy in all three cases is by Mr. Julius Friesser of the
Department of Zoology, and the backgrounds were painted by Mr.
Charles A. Corwin, Staff Artist.
The group of mountain lion or cougar shows an old female fond-
ling her two small spotted kittens in front of her den in a secluded
mountain retreat. The male animal, as is natural during the period
of rearing the young, does not appear. The subject is skilfully
handled to bring out the idea of the peaceful home life of a wild
beast sequestered from all disturbance. Bits of deer skin and
fragments of bone are strewn about the mouth of the den, which is
shaded by an overhanging pifion tree. A deep canyon lies below
and the farther side of it rises in sheer cliffs of bright-colored sand-
stone bathed in sunlight. The group was prepared by Staff Taxi-
dermist Leon L. Pray, with painted background by Mr. Corwin.
For indispensable assistance in procuring accessories and photo-
graphic data for this group, the Museum is indebted to Mr. J. D.
Figgins, Director of the Colorado Museum of Natural History,
Denver.
In Hall 15, where animals are exhibited in systematic order, an
important improvement was made by the reinstallation of a case
of monkeys with the addition of six interesting specimens obtained
by recent expeditions. Most important are the golden or snub-
nosed monkey, obtained by the William V. Kelley—Roosevelts
Expedition to Eastern Asia for Field Museum; the Abyssinian
guereza or colobus, obtained by the Field Museum—Chicago Daily
News Abyssinian Expedition; the Himalayan langur, from the C.
Suydam Cutting Sikkim Expedition; Kolb’s white-throated guenon,
from the Harold White-John Coats African Expedition; and the
maroon langur, from the Cornelius Crane Pacific Expedition. The
taxidermy for this very successful case was done by Mr. Arthur
G. Rueckert of the staff.
Other additions in Hall 15 include a British wildcat and two
South American monkeys.
A number of hoofed mammals in George M. Pullman Hall (Hall
13) were removed from mahogany bases and reinstalled without such
bases in new cases. This resulted in greatly improved appearance
not only of individual specimens but also of the whole hall.
The habitat groups of birds in Hall 20, eighteen in number,
were completely rearranged. All the groups were removed from
the center of the hall and placed at the sides in pairs, thus preserving
172 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
the view from two sides and creating a pleasing arrangement. A
wide central aisle is now provided from which visitors may view
the groups to best advantage. During the process of making the
changes all the groups were thoroughly cleaned and renovated,
giving them the appearance of newly prepared groups. Improved
lighting was installed, and new labels and distribution maps were
provided.
In Hall 21 the serial exhibit of North American birds received
the important addition of a screen showing the principal species of
geese and swans (see Plate XI). A number of these were obtained
in California during a field trip made by Staff Taxidermist Ashley
Hine, and they were prepared immediately after his return. Thirty-
three additional birds were mounted for systematic exhibits and
much work of a preparatory nature was done.
An important addition to the reptile exhibits in Albert W. Harris
Hall (Hall 18) is a reproduction of the reticulated python, largest
of living snakes (see Plate XV). This was prepared by Staff Taxi-
dermist Leon L. Walters and Mr. E. G. Laybourne from a specimen
collected in Sumatra by the Philip M. Chancellor Expedition of 1929.
It is twenty-six feet long, and is shown in coiled position surrounding
its eighty-three eggs which were collected with it.
Models in cellulose-acetate were produced of six salamanders,
ten lizards and eleven snakes for addition to the systematic exhibits
in Harris Hall. A plaque exhibiting the hind limbs of a python,
to illustrate the little-known fact that primitive snakes have vestiges
of limbs, also was completed.
A large number of fishes were prepared or partly prepared for
exhibition, including all those intended for use in the Bahama under-
sea group. Actual installation of fishes, however, was confined to
certain species of special interest which were added as substitutes
or additions to cases already occupied. Among these are six repro-
ductions in cellulose-acetate, representing a poison fish, scorpion
fish (see Plate XIX), winter flounder, pelican flounder, frostfish,
and wolf herring.
Reorganization of the osteological exhibits in Hall 19 was begun
with the transfer of various skeletons to new cases released from
George M. Pullman Hall (Hall 18). As a trial installation to deter-
mine matters of arrangement, labeling, backgrounds, and educational
possibilities, a case of skeletons of carnivorous mammals was pre-
pared, containing one example of each family. Individual and case
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 173
labels were introduced, calling attention to the structural peculiarities
illustrated by the specimens.
The condition of the reference collections of mammals and birds
was greatly improved by the addition of twenty-six steel storage
cases. Sixteen of these were assigned to birds, four to mammal
skins, and six to mammals in alcohol. It is still necessary to use
old-style cases for a considerable proportion of the bird collection,
but enough new cases are now available to serve as a foundation for
a permanent, well-ordered arrangement.
Much progress was made in rearranging the mammal collection
and especially in dressing skins and “making up”’ raw skins of medium
and large size. With the exception of the large skins recently received
from the Vernay—Lang Kalahari Expedition, the number of unpre-
pared mammal skins is now comparatively small.
Largely through the services of Mr. Daniel Clark, volunteer
student assistant, the condition of the collection of reptiles and
amphibians was much improved. Tanks and glass jars were
thoroughly cleaned, fresh alcohol was supplied wherever necessary,
and the entire collection was overhauled. Turtles and crocodilians
were transferred to two steel cases on the fourth floor in space
intended later for expansion of storage for large mammal skulls
and bones. Some relief was thus afforded to the congestion in Room
88 caused by the recent rapid growth of the collections.
Pending the provision of space and cases for the exhibition of
insects, this division was largely occupied in the much-needed colla-
tion and rearrangement of the reference collection. This is work
which proceeds slowly since it requires the determining of many
species, the assembling of material of like kind from different sources,
and the repinning and relabeling of many specimens. The new
drawers and steel cabinets obtained in 1930 were utilized, eleven
drawers of North American roaches, mantids, walking-sticks, and
grasshoppers were arranged in systematic order, and twelve drawers
of beetles were rearranged.
Detailed plans were prepared for use in connection with various
groups of Indian mammals for William V. Kelley Hall (Hall 17).
Through the cordial cooperation of Sir Reginald Spence of the
Bombay Natural History Society, arrangements were made to secure
accessories and field sketches for these groups. Under this coopera-
tive plan, members of the staff of the Bombay Society’s museum will
make a special field trip for this purpose early in 1932.
174 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION
Twenty years have now passed since December, 1911, when the
late Norman Wait Harris gave Field Museum a generous fund to
endow the institution’s extension work for the schools of Chicago.
The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum has
grown steadily during this period. Today its activities reach every —
part of Chicago, and it is serving the youth of the city as Mr. Harris
hoped that it would.
Mr. Harris’s gift enabled Field Museum to pioneer in what was
a new field. A careful survey of the work to be done and compre-
hensive plans for the best possible methods of accomplishing it were
necessary. The steady growth of this Department and the fact
that many institutions in other communities have followed its lead
attest to the wisdom incorporated in those first plans.
By the end of 1913 seven schools had received Harris Extension
cases. At the close of 1931 this Department is regularly serving
445 schools and children’s institutions with forty cases each a year.
There are more than a half million pupils in daily attendance at
the 390 public schools receiving these exhibits. Many thousands
more attend the fifty-five private and religious schools, branch
libraries, social settlements and boys’ clubs which Harris Extension
also serves. Fifteen new schools were added to the regular routes
in 1931. The Department’s two motor trucks traveled more than
12,000 miles making deliveries during the year.
A map showing the location of each institution receiving Harris
Extension cases has been made. This shows graphically that no
part of Chicago is being neglected, and that Harris Extension service
literally covers the city. As in former years, a large number of
requests for this service have been received from suburban towns.
It is regretted that these requests cannot be granted. The regular
service of the Harris Extension has always been confined to the
city of Chicago.
With the growth of the work of this Department and the increased
use of the exhibits by the schools some wear and breakage of cases
have been inevitable. In recent years the necessity of repairing and
reconditioning cases has made ever-growing demands on the time
of the preparators and cabinet-maker. During 1931 twelve cases
were completely reinstalled and 446 repaired. In the construction
of new exhibits, which is going on constantly, every possible effort
is being made to produce cases that will be lasting. The fifty-three
new cases completed in 1931 have been made as light and durable
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 175
as possible to reduce wear and accidental breakage. With a thousand
cases in almost constant use this is of the greatest importance.
In addition to the regular route service maintained throughout
the school year cases have been sent in response to special requests.
Eighteen requests from the public schools for cases in addition to
those regularly supplied were granted this year. Exhibitions of
from two to twenty cases each were sent to Marshall Field and
Company’s Book Section, the booth of the Wild Flower Preservation
Society at the Flower Show in the Merchandise Mart, the Y.M.C.A.
Hotel, Camp Algonquin, Wieboldt Stores, and the University High
School. A large booth was maintained at the International Live
Stock Exposition in the Union Stock Yards. As in previous years,
institutions have requested the loan of Harris Extension cases either
to study their construction for adaptation in their own extension
work, or to stimulate interest in the foundation of such extension
departments. In the past year two cases were sent to the Cranbrook
Institute of Science, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, and six cases to
the St. Paul Institute, St. Paul, Minnesota. Asa result of the interest
shown in three Harris Extension cases borrowed for its book fair, the
University High School of the University of Chicago requested that
it receive regular scheduled loans of cases as the public schools do.
This request was granted.
With the opening of schools in September a new motor delivery
truck went into service for the Department. This truck was especially
constructed to carry Harris Extension cases safely and efficiently,
and it has proved most satisfactory. It is a gift from Mr. Albert
W. Harris.
ART RESEARCH CLASSES
The value of the art research classes conducted at Field Museum
under a cooperative arrangement with the Art Institute of Chicago
is emphasized by the fact that the curriculum of the School of the
Art Institute has been revised so as to require all students in its
teachers’ training classes to spend at least one year in research at
Field Museum.
The art research classes receive instruction from Mr. John
Gilbert Wilkins, a member of the Art Institute faculty especially
assigned to conduct the work at Field Museum. These classes were
established eight years ago, and have shown consistent progress in
the artistic merit of their students’ work throughout that period.
Painting, illustration, decorative design, sculpture and other branches
of art are studied in the courses offered.
176 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
The courses provided include the regular ones planned to fit the —
needs of students specializing in illustration and design, and the
teachers’ training course. Both classes are enabled to make nature
studies from a wealth of specimens which would be available to
them nowhere else in Chicago, and under especially favorable con-
ditions. Slow motion pictures are used by the classes as a supple-
mentary aid in studying the structure and action of animal life.
The second and revised edition of the book Research Design in
Nature, compiled by Instructor Wilkins, was published in 1931. It
is in two volumes, and contains several hundred plates (including
color plates) of work done by Mr. Wilkins’ students, based wholly
on subjects studied among the exhibits of Field Museum. The
book is widely used for educational and reference purposes.
The Museum has assigned a new class room to the art students.
It is decorated in two tones of soft gray-green, which make it attrac-
tive and at the same time provide an excellent light in which to
work. New tables and desks, and a large cloak room and lockers
provided this year, increase the conveniences available to students.
DIVISION OF PUBLIC RELATIONS
In the work of the Division of Public Relations during 1931 the |
principal emphasis, as usual, was placed upon distribution of infor- |
mation through the daily press. On the average, nearly six articles |
a week were prepared at the Museum and published in the news- |
papers. While publicity efforts were concentrated chiefly upon
newspapers of Chicago and vicinity, the Museum’s activities have
received attention also in the press of the entire nation, and in |
many other countries, through the cooperation extended by national
and international news agencies.
Especially gratifying has been the response made by the Chicago —
newspapers not only in publishing the news sent out by the Museum, |
but in following this up by sending reporters, photographers and |
artists to the institution to obtain material for special articles and
series of pictures, the extent of which this year exceeded similar ©
publicity in the past. Those newspapers which have always given
generous space in their columns to the Museum continued to do so,
while others, which in the past have been inclined to give more |
sparingly of their space, this year displayed a much stronger interest |
in the Museum. |
In addition to its work with the newspapers, the Division of
Public Relations carried on the publication of Field Museum News, ©
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JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 177
the monthly bulletin for members, and continued all its other regular
activities, such as preparation of special articles for magazines and
periodicals of various types; preparation of advertising copy for use
in various media generously placed at the disposal of the Museum
by a number of organizations; extension of publicity by cooperation
with radio broadcasting stations and makers of motion picture news-
reels; distribution of descriptive folders and other material to attract
visitors; and editorial work on certain general publications and other
printed matter of the Museum.
FIELD Museum News.—Every effort has been made to improve
constantly the contents of Field Museum News so that its interest
and service to Members of the Museum might increase. Because
of the appeal of pictures to most readers, the number of illustrations
published was increased as far as possible. The news columns of
the bulletin have kept Members informed of all important activities
of the Museum, and have announced well in advance all lectures,
children’s entertainments and other such events. Special articles
by many members of the scientific staff have presented a large
amount of information on a variety of subjects, much of it of a
character not duplicated in other periodicals.
Distribution of Field Musewm News has been made promptly
to all Members of the Museum before the beginning of each month,
and it has also been circulated as an exchange unit to a list of other
scientific institutions, and to the press. Editors of many newspapers
and magazines have reprinted or quoted in part articles from this
bulletin, and it thus has served as an additional medium in the
Museum’s general publicity campaign.
NEWSPAPER PUBLICITY.—The Division of Public Relations
released 297 news stories during 1930, or an average of close to six
each week. In addition, 101 brief or “‘filler’”’ items were distributed,
thus bringing the total of notices obtained for the Museum by its
own direct efforts to a total of 398.
Copies of this publicity matter were supplied to the seven prin-
cipal daily newspapers and the City News Bureau of Chicago; to
some sixty community and neighborhood papers published in the
city; to more than fifty Chicago foreign language newspapers; to
about sixty newspapers covering the principal suburbs, cities and
towns within a 100-mile radius of Chicago; to all the principal
national and international news agencies; and to the Springfield
bureau of the Associated Press for its special service to newspapers
178 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
throughout the state of Illinois, which obtains publicity additional
to that effected in the national distribution carried out through
the Chicago office of the same organization.
Photographs were sent with many of the publicity stories, prints
from 103 negatives having been released by the Museum. Copies
of each of these photographs were furnished to thirty-one leading
newspapers and news photograph agencies, through which hundreds
of additional copies were made and distributed to newspapers all
over the world. Photographs published in rotogravure sections of
newspapers make an especially desirable form of publicity, and many
papers with such sections made splendid use of these pictures.
As in other years, news emanating from the Museum frequently
has inspired editorials in important newspapers all over America
and occasionally abroad.
The majority of the Museum’s releases were news stories of from
one-half to two-thirds of the average newspaper column. Others
ranged from a column to items of fifty words or less. Practically
every story released was printed in several Chicago newspapers,
and many in all of them; most of the releases also received extensive
space throughout the country. Frequently, as has been the case
in past years, newspaper staff writers have expanded these releases
into half-page and full-page Sunday feature articles.
The cooperation of the newspapers is, naturally, the most im-
portant factor in the success of the Museum’s publicity efforts, and
for their generosity in this respect grateful recognition is herewith
accorded to the American press in general, and especially to the
Chicago Tribune, Chicago Daily News, Chicago Evening Post, Chicago
Evening American, Chicago Herald and Examiner, Chicago Daily
Illustrated Times, Chicago Journal of Commerce, and the national
and international news agencies such as the Associated Press, United
Press, International News Service, Universal Service, and Science
Service.
It is difficult to make from the clippings received any accurate
estimate of the amount of publicity obtained. Through the clip-
ping bureaus it is not possible to obtain even a complete coverage
of the English language newspapers, while certain groups, such as
foreign language papers, are not covered at all by the bureaus.
During 1931, as a measure of economy, Field Museum discontinued
part of its clipping bureau service. The figures on clippings there-
fore represent only part of the actual number of notices concerning
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 179
the Museum which were published. The total number of clippings
- received for the year was 18,384, or an average of 1,532 each month.
Especially gratifying were the relations between the Museum
and the Chicago Tribune during the year. In the Sunday edition
of June 14 there appeared a special article on the educational
value of the Museum, running for several columns, and accompanied
by a picture in the rotogravure section. This article was written
by Mr. James O’Donnell Bennett, noted feature writer, as the result
of interviews with the President and Director of the Museum, and
it has since been published by the Tribune in a pamphlet about
Chicago institutions. Later in the year the Tribune sent several
staff writers, photographers and artists to the Museum to accumu-
late a large collection of data and pictures for use in its new Sunday
magazine section, The Graphic Weekly, at present published in out-
of-town editions of the paper, and shortly to be published also in
Chicago. Before the end of the year six full pages in colors presenting
reproductions of all the twenty-eight paintings by Mr. Charles R.
Knight in Ernest R. Graham Hall, and a similar page of pictures of
objects selected from the Museum’s Chinese jade collection, accom-
panied by extensive articles, had been published. Data and pictures
had been collected by the Tribune for similar pages on the African
elephants in Stanley Field Hall, the man-eating lions of Tsavo, most
of the habitat groups of American mammals and birds, the Nean-
derthal family restoration, the meteorite collection, the Museum’s
industrial models, and various other subjects. The proposed publica-
tion of this matter, especially as this magazine section will soon be
distributed in Chicago, promises to develop into the most prominently
displayed, most widely read, and most continuous publicity the
Museum has ever received.
Other especially important publicity during 1931 was an article
of several columns on the Museum’s contributions to the advance-
ment of science, published in the Chicago Evening Post of November
13, and several pages and half pages published at various times in
The American Weekly, Sunday supplement of the Chicago Herald
and Examiner and associated newspapers all over the United States
with a total of some twenty million circulation. Full pages in colors
and rotogravure were devoted to the complete series of the Knight
paintings in newspapers in various cities.
PUBLICITY IN PERIODICALS.—The Museum and its activities have
again been the subject of numerous special articles which appeared
in general and popular magazines, trade journals, scientific publica-
180 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
tions, and other periodicals. Of these, some were prepared at the
Museum on the request of editors, and others were written by out-
side writers. They were usually based on data supplied by the staff,
and illustrated with photographs furnished by the Museum. Among
some of the publications in which this material has appeared are
Scientific American, Chicago Commerce, Science, Popular Mechanics,
Popular Science, Americana Annual, International Year Book, Science
News Letter, L’ Illustration, Illustrated London News, Museums Journal
(London), Chicago Visitor, Rocks and Minerals, Mid-week Pictorial
of the New York Times, Collier’s Encyclopedia, American Anthropol-
ogist, textbooks published by Scott Foresman and Company,
Outdoor America, Museums of Peaceful Arts, and The Rotarian.
ADVERTISING.—Space in various advertising media has been
given to the Museum, free of charge, as in previous years. The
Illinois Central Railroad and the Chicago and North Western Rail-
way, which have been cooperating with the Museum for a number
of years, again displayed at their city and suburban stations posters
announcing Field Museum lecture courses. These posters were
likewise displayed in Marshall Field and Company’s retail store,
in libraries, schools, and other institutions, and in many of the
principal hotels and clubs of Chicago.
Full-page and half-page advertisements of the Museum appeared
in the programs of the Chicago Civic Opera Company, which has
extended this courtesy for a number of years. For several months
similar advertisements appeared in all the theatre programs published
under the title The Playgoer, issued by the Clyde W. Riley Adver-
tising System.
Colored placards calling attention to striking exhibits at the
Museum were again displayed in the Chicago street cars. These
were printed and distributed at the expense of the Chicago Surface
Lines, a company which has thus cooperated for years.
The Chicago Rapid Transit Company and associated interurban
lines, including the Chicago, North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad,
the Chicago, South Shore and South Bend Railroad, and the Chicago,
Aurora and Elgin Railroad, distributed 50,000 Field Museum descrip-
tive folders among their patrons. Space was again allotted through-
out the year to Museum lectures and exhibits in the This Week’s
Events Along the North Shore Line posters which are displayed
at all stations of the Chicago, North Shore and Milwaukee Railroad
between Chicago and Milwaukee.
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 181
The Chicago Motor Coach Company continued extensive coopera-
tion with the Museum. It distributed thousands of the Museum’s
descriptive folders, and in addition printed folders of its own, devoted
to the Museum and other institutions in Grant Park, which it
distributed in great quantities.
The Museum was widely advertised in connection with excursion
trips from various cities conducted by practically all railroads
entering Chicago. More than 115,000 Field Museum descriptive
folders (in addition to the 50,000 distributed by the Rapid Transit
and associated companies) were distributed by the Museum and
cooperating agencies including practically every railroad and lake
steamship line entering the city, and most of the principal hotels,
clubs, travel bureaus, and department stores. The officers and
delegates to many of the conventions held in Chicago were also
furnished with supplies of folders.
Through the courtesy of the Chicago regional office of the Coca
Cola Company the Museum was advertised on a large electrical
sign of the type with moving letters, operated in a prominent position
in the down-town part of the city.
Advertising was given to the Museum in the house organs for
customers and employes published by many large Chicago corpora-
tions, and in the travel folders issued by railroads, steamship com-
panies, tourist bureaus and hotels. The Museum cooperated to
some extent with the International Live Stock Exposition in publicity
and advertising.
Rapb10.—More attention was given to extending the Museum’s
publicity by means of radio broadcasting than in previous years.
The news releases sent to the press were also distributed to important
local radio stations. Cooperation in broadcasting some of this
material was received from WMAQ, the Chicago Daily News station;
the Chicago Evening Post broadcasting over WLS, The Prairie Farmer
station; WCFL, the Chicago Federation of Labor station; WGN,
the Chicago Tribune station; and KYW, the Westinghouse-Chicago
Herald and Examiner station. Also, through the courtesy of the
National Biscuit Company and its advertising agency, Batten,
Barton, Durstine and Osborn, frequent references to the Museum
were made in their programs broadcast from WMAQ, while a special
feature program devoted to the Museum was broadcast on July 23
from the same station through the courtesy of the Northern Trust
Company and its advertising agency, the J. Walter Thompson
Company.
182 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
NEWSREELS.—Museum activities of exceptional interest were
covered in films taken by newsreel producers. Among these were
the Chicago Daily News—Universal Newsreel, Kinograms—Universal
Newsreel, and M-G-M International Newsreel.
EDITORIAL WoRK.—Writing and editorial work on certain publi-
cations and other printed matter of the Museum, in addition to
that on Field Museum News, occupied a large amount of time in
the Division of Public Relations. Among the more important tasks
of this kind was the new Handbook of Field Museum which was
compiled and edited, and largely written by the Division; and
the preparation of a new edition of the General Guide to the
exhibits.
DIVISION OF PRINTING
The output of the Division of Printing during 1931, including
publications, labels, post cards and miscellaneous job work, was
extremely large and varied. The production of publications exceeded
that of previous years, totaling 28,589 copies of the various books
in the regular scientific series. These works required a total of
1,470 pages of type composition. Additional miscellaneous publica-
tions required 315 pages of composition, and a total of 16,000 copies
of these was printed. Of major importance also was the printing
of twelve issues of the four-page monthly bulletin, Field Museum
News, with an average of nearly 7,000 copies a month.
Prompt service was given in printing exhibition labels required
by the various Departments, the total number produced being
24,695. By concentrating on labels during the first part of the year,
the Division of Printing enabled the Departments to bring to a
highly satisfactory stage the work of relabeling exhibition cases
which is being carried on throughout the building at the present
time on a large scale.
A large part of the time of the Division of Printing was consumed
by miscellaneous job work, in which the total number of impressions
or pieces of printed matter produced was 808,875.
While it was necessary after September 30 to discontinue the
services of six printers employed in the Division, the remaining
employes continued the work in a most gratifying manner. There
was naturally a decrease in production, but nevertheless production
of labels, publications, and other printed matter continued on a
satisfactory basis.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 183
A summary of the publications of the year may be found under
the heading DIVISION OF PUBLICATIONS, page 56. Following is a
tabulation of other work done in the Division of Printing:
Exhibition Other
abels impressions
OTTO OLOLY HPP ea ae Saleem ett el he lelevebedouaiauciensl eis 12,588 8,633
TESTED ic ge TI Ea CaN OL NEE 4,624 15,000
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EEA, CRAIN SS RRS ISR ich Ale WG SL 17, 757
TELSTAR, LORS ela 1st Yee Wa Me Pe BEG TSU S P1 Setae Gas ai DE S ate 302 4,400
© PEC GT ARE RAYs 62 (0) TRAM AR AAG de a A a rt a 160,508
SHEE 5 og GEE UU CCRT An) te lk tO Ce OR 121,104
EPR IWS AO aS RRR SR oe Gof Oe Ea 700
ITIP CALIONS rs cicete eu c apie mat nh Perugia: Moe Onn MIN caus tele 102 ,000
PCL VIGISELUNIULINERDS sn eee Eo SIT Eatrsln kaa MB On pags UL 82,943
Direction Folders for Chicago Rapid Transit Company... ...... 125,000
Direction Folders for Division of Public Relations...... ...... 50,000
WanAsiOn Ole CMpETships |) ie eis sion le OAs EMEP et Dede ea neou | 60 , 830
BERT CREEL CAS tet elite yin hoi i INR S CS RA LAD RO MNS TC ENN Ta Aaa 60,000
BIRO GEGHE a AW UNTO eras LING NER Pa La C Guana Vat ua aty 24,695 808,875
DIVISION OF ROENTGENOLOGY
Much important research work was carried on in the Division
of Roentgenology during 1931. A new and unique x-ray technique
which produces films of greater brilliancy than it is possible to
obtain by the usual methods, and is peculiarly adapted to museum
work, was developed by Miss Anna Reginalda Bolan, the roent-
genologist. The ray used in this technique could not be used on
living tissue because of its caustic effect, but it does not in any way
harm the Museum materials submitted for examination.
Work on Egyptian and Peruvian mummies, which has been
under way for several years, was continued. Photogravures of a
large number of the roentgenograms produced in the Division,
including many which reveal traces of the existence of common
present-day diseases in ancient times, were published in the book,
Roentgenologic Studies of Egyptian and Peruvian Mummies, by Pro-
fessor Roy L. Moodie, which was issued from Field Museum Press
during the year.
After a long series of experiments, the Division of Roentgenology
succeeded in producing a new type of large roentgenogram which it
is expected will mark the opening of a new chapter in x-ray work.
The first roentgenogram of this type, with an Egyptian mummy
as its subject, was completed on July 7. The dimensions of the
film are seven feet by two feet. This is the first time that an entire
adult mummy in its casket has ever been x-rayed on one film and
with only one,exposure. It is also, so far as is known, the largest
184 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
roentgenogram ever made of any subject. Heretofore mummies
have been x-rayed in sections on the regulation size film, fourteen
by seventeen inches. These smaller films were then pieced together
and from this ‘“‘mosaic’’ the specimen was viewed and its anatomical
relation to cartonnage and casket estimated. There are obvious
advantages in the new type in simplifying the process and insuring
greater accuracy.
For the Department of Geology a series of exposures and prints
for an exhibit illustrating the radioactivity of various minerals was
made in the Division of Roentgenology.
DIVISIONS OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND ILLUSTRATION
PHOTOGRAPHY.—The total number of lantern slides, negatives,
and prints made by the Division of Photography during 1931 was
29,3867. The following tabulation gives a summary of the work
performed:
Lantern Nega- Prints Enlarge- Negatives Trans-
slides _ tives made ments developed parent
made made made for labels
expedi- made
tions
Anthropology........... ZA eNOS Fajen (AME 4 84
Botanye see eis een 80 5A OL 149 36 2
Geology Ua ae 337 639 10 60 3
ZOOL ier. a is ere een 262 724 49 5 16
HarnisiH xtension 3.420 nee 87 136 28 22,
Raymond Foundation.... 208 14 33
Photogravuretee see 648 469
IBublicityac ren eae 66 1,896
Generali craic vcs hens 6 30 226
Gait eee Piterse hers Sense ee aay Ne 452 4
SEDILCSH I LG a aOR ear Hee 982
ALObaliy waters antes AQl 3,210) 25;284- 244 207 All
PHOTOGRAVURE.—Following is a summary of the photogravures
produced during 1931 by this Division:
Number of
prints
Publicationallustrations:2305 2 ese da eee eee 310,600
Guidetillustrations ei ae cc esc eos a eee aetna een 54,400
Memoirs'Senesiillustrations:./..4,.¢)5. 204) ee eee eee 64,600
Golde COVETS seis hrs aioe ae yoke ic eras Chcee ce ee 10,600
Membership headings ence sensei a cent tceoe eae 1,000
‘Postertheadingsees: Reve esas eto eee ok crane OE Oe Ea eee 3,500
Post Cards) Soraseie crn Rie eye, each 0 ia 32a a Ue 60,000
Poball poe Seis eee eee tel ess tee ocd hae eee ee ee 504,700
ARTIST.—Following is a summary of the work done during 1931
by this Division:
JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
PeneanGowash GrawilNas sf) 5 Gee Usb kcices cain soni eV aateNs wld ele. « clensvebas 660
MeATETRSSIIG CS COLOLEG i aa iroine anc sees aeicarei ails ichcie, Sete ole Fics! bus 308
Publication maps drawn and lettered.......................05. 26
apenas Craw ANG LeGCEred eo ois i wie ples sie ciccnranl slea ald gidvcce @ e 7
MEMeNetChAaracLers GTAWIN nite e a cs wae oles lauder ca sje Gc uti diais ea 15
SP ReMMCASOLAWT |. nn fotie atk. wreck bd ote a wlake Haake densi We 7
Outline drawing of Carboniferous forest....................... il
PS LCESOLA WII ek Net ints sioner flees Aavel cue cies s 1
emreoraonvalbums lettered): 32/97250 SoS ak 2 ee eo 4
Perea eLOred £OP COPYIHENG 5 2.5 )5.4.5i-\5 <0) 5 = sisja/e tletnbolv ai 21d oreieis 25
MEET OO: 6) oe Meee Er ee cee ero etree a bacteria ars 3
Peeeeeeranns FeLOuCched . oo. (a) es eS Ie lea eee 59
LRRD LEDER ee TA a ar a Re 60
SEMEMEER VEN CINGEU 5's) fy crepe ale aie op a ercin terol beyels Sigia a eae 1
DORMER ALIVES DIOCKEG (2-5 ical fase bios eerste, PMR E Seen Z
AAAS DECIMENS! COLOTEO ssn ja eons eck eh eck aecaar nore lake eaves 3
(CULES! (HOE ah BaP ORES Sia tats ey een Oa A ent Sr Don 3
ite anCOus TGGIS): s5 0; Actekos tahoe s thenencts hehe core te ee eee ae Soke 25
TLC) eS Se ae eR Ne EN SRS CV RA Ret ens 1,210
DIVISION OF MEMBERSHIPS
185
The membership of the Museum decreased somewhat in 1931
as compared to 1930. The following list shows the number of names
on the membership rolls in each of the Museum’s membership
classifications at the end of 1931:
BERET ACEOLS ree Fes aed te un ieee ge ee) OG Na ae NA Seda ag 18
Honorary Members........... Ege ay ct EE a Me Meera ga 20
IPIBROUC. 8 < HSRC MR ROR PRPC ARELS Ts rere Te at ca Poe tse nse Se ne 30
Beerca nding WEMDECTE 23-8. 63 eid be elated esa td a agetaroe <3 30 Gate 5
RO CSTAGT A DULGOLS eters et eee ne ete ale ON EEE ca eee PR ay Be SO 101
Dees ALO MVUETN ELS 4 Fes fects a5) apes xyals ol ciao distal Susy atevg; mpanatone Waka Mediate 48
NETFEPNUCIMDErS ae ie Seas itr a cia iia aie ar eente Mera Meier crore pahte ons 345
Mon-tvesideng, LifesMembersiai sy acces tein etiattat eae aniiersens 9
IREROCIALCONECTM DEES ai cs tccte eee paris cara eneseia a se one weramelte ia sears maaan 2,394
Non-hesident Associate Members. 2... 0050.05. es els eee u ee 1
SOS RE ocbar ee WY (eine | 00a ge Ae eee barre CRIES cre GIGI EERE aE rete EEO PERE 143
PUM Al eVECM beTser tes hue eaten rh le Cena ero Qua omes nei as Ly Sante Pact
Rotalememberships sues ee esciatis Se eee ea ee ee 5,341
The names of all Members on the rolls as of December 31, 1931,
will be found elsewhere in this Report.
CAFETERIA
During the past few years the cafeteria has become an increas-
ingly important adjunct to the Museum, due to the ever increasing
numbers of visitors, of whom so many are in the building at lunch
time. In 1931, in order to serve better the comfort and convenience
of the public, the cafeteria was completely remodeled, redecorated
and equipped with the most modern facilities. This was done at
great expense, and, as has been the case with so many of the improve-
186 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
ments made in the Museum, the burden of its cost and the work
of planning for it were borne by President Stanley Field.
The remodeling has resulted in a completely new cafeteria of a
type unique in institutions of this kind. While it is in the same
location on the ground floor as the old one, everything in the large
room is new, and even the ceiling has been reconstructed of a sound-
proof material which produces a far quieter and pleasanter atmos-
phere for the patrons. During the reconstruction a smaller temporary
room was fitted out and used so that there would be no interruption
in service to the public.
An attractive scheme of decoration has been adopted in the
cafeteria. On the walls have been painted in pleasing pastel colors
large maps of all the continents, of the Arctic and Antarctic regions,
and of the world as a whole. These suggest the worldwide scope of
the expeditions and other activities of the Museum, and the vast
sweep of lands and seas from which have been gathered its collections.
The rest of the color scheme is in two shades of green with trim of
harmonious woods and marble, and an attractive floor covering.
Colorful new tables and chairs, new blue china, new silverware,
and other table service, enhance the pleasant atmosphere created.
The most modern and complete equipment for cooking, electric
refrigeration and dishwashing has been installed. The remodeling
was completed and the new cafeteria opened to the public in June.
The number of persons served during 1931 was 94,456. This is
a small decrease from the number served in 1930. The difference is
probably due partly to the fact that during the period of remodeling
the limited temporary facilities available could not accommodate
all those who otherwise would have patronized the cafeteria, and
partly to the economic depression which prevailed during the year.
As previously, the Museum makes available also accommodations
for children and other persons bringing their own lunches. The
room provided for this purpose, equipped with many tables and
chairs, has also been improved. Those using these facilities have
the privilege of supplementing their lunches with coffee, tea, milk,
and other beverages and light foods sold at especially low prices
at a service counter in this room. For extra-large assemblages of
children a second auxiliary lunch room is provided.
A special lunch room has been provided for the scientific and
administrative staffs of the Museum. This room has been equipped
to permit of luncheon conferences to discuss Museum business when
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 187
required. Its walls are attractively decorated with enlarged repro-
ductions of designs from a codex of the Aztecs, the original of which
is in the possession of the Vatican. The room connects with the
pantry of the main cafeteria and is served from there.
In the pages which follow are submitted the Museum’s financial
statements, lists of accessions, names of members, et cetera.
- STEPHEN C. SIMMS, Director
188 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VoL. IX
ATTENDANCE STATISTICS AND DOOR RECEIPTS
FROM JANUARY 1, 1931 TO DECEMBER 31, 1931
otal ia ttend an Ce sisi.) .cioveta § Sey eye ecb vey Ie enh Ue Nn aret ear 1,515,540
Paidiattend ance ey (lysis cei cee ear ey a eee a 126,209
Free admissions on pay days:
SLE (230 Rega UM UE nen sien URE RU MONA eT a AE Re te 15,960
School! children es hia cesh ee Meret eae eee pea eR Tarte 67,478
PRGA GHETS ei tLe eyes NDT oe TROUT, A DLT eC ae 1,868
Members ese See NLR ASH Unc nid GA se tg ali
Admissions on free days:
FR DUTHGAYS (OS) i. oie cee oiciste piven ie Ce eee 293 , 654
Saturdayan(S2)) co ciaicis calc he laren SN Sea Ne een ee Pepe 407 ,303
DUNGAYS (EZ) ry eat NLA a an en ooo ie a re 601,551
Highest attendance on any day (May 21, toni) CF CCE ee AY 51,917
Lowest attendance on any day (March 9, 1931)............ 130
Highest paid attendance (September 7, 1931).............. 4,513
Average daily admissions (365 days)...................00- 4,152
Average paid admissions (208 days)...............0.2-0000- 607
INumberfoneuides sOldes seers cs ek ey eae oe eee eee 7,634
INumberiotiarticlesichecked')) i fi2).i5.. oc bane eee eee 17,515
Number of picture post cards sold...................0000. 138,514
Sales of publications, leaflets, handbooks, portfolios and
PNOLOSTADS eine ei eile a ntuits Crate cane tagR Uae a ene Spee $5,351.54
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1931
Endowment Fund income................ $197,873.35
Less: Transferred to reserve against
security investments — all
TINO: Se ee 10,000.00
$187,873.35
Income from funds held under annuity agreements..... 42,044.16
Life Membership Fund income....................... 14,824.77
Associate Membership Fund income.................. 13,491.20
Saupe Eark ©OMMISSIONETS:..s..2 8s hes oe eRe ts 167,360.43
Annual and Sustaining Memberships.................. 14,655.00
MENTS ENS 2k. sd ois. ate baa ses a GEA Bee 31,552.25
NE MMEPCTUN ES 25 0s SE iw SG ME 4 ae a Chee rei mial e 11,715.67
Contributions for general purposes.................... 200,000.00
Part expended this year for purposes created (in-
PRC CE CONUS as aac ceo cies oe 40,067.81
Expenditures:
LEE Eye RE TOR SEES See ees nC Te a $179,603.62
SEPERMAN EA CSIR ec aT UNS OES CM estas acca ete Sikri 34,868.69
Furniture and fixtures, equipment, etc............. 24,461.58
RPE RTOGUEUOI 20 Sis. 5 tes vc eee eee 16,362.54
Pensions, group insurance premiums, etc........... 17,918.03
BEPaR NN TCHOWSHID . 6 oi i52 <5 aS 4 ao he dese 1,000.00
Hepartmental expenses... 2... . 6... wl seein es des 110,475.70
General operating expenses...................00. 407,431.95
Annuities on contingent gifts.................... 40,176.23
Added to principal of annuity endowments........ 1,867.93
MESO RNGARS 8 ois ose 2 I 7,574.58
Remaining excess of expenditures over income and receipts.........
Notes payable, caused by this and previous years’ operating deficits
189
$834,529.46
$841,740.85
$ 7,211.39
$184,800.00
THE N. W. HARRIS PUBLIC SCHOOL EXTENSION
STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENSES FOR THE YEAR 1931
Interest and dividends on investments......................0005-
SMM RANE F SEE 2 ey ic Pe ae kaa cin siacbias oe.
PIPERS BEC ri oh 7S 8 7 ea
$ 21,008.36
19,028.69
$ 1,979.67
190 FIELD MUSEUM oF NATURAL HistoRY—REports, VOL. IX
LIST OF ACCESSIONS
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY
AUCKLAND INSTITUTE AND MUSEUM,
Auckland, New Zealand: 1 face mask
of a Maori, with tattoo marks—Maori,
New Zealand (exchange).
BADGER, Mrs. A. SHREVE, Chicago:
23 objects—3 bows, 1 quiver with
arrows, 2 pairs of moccasins, 4 beaded
deer-skin bags, 1 deer-skin saddle-bag, 1
medicine-man’s head-dress, 1 basket—
Apache; 3 woolen blankets—Navaho;
1 basket—Hupa; 3 baskets—Hooquam,
Washington; 1 basket bottle—Nevada;
1 yucca fiber pouch—Mexico; parts of
abalone shell necklace—California, Ari-
zona, Washington, Nevada, and Mexico
(gift).
BADGER, Mrs. FRANCES COWLES,
Barrington, Illinois: 1 globular stone
jar with band of incised designs—Cali-
fornia (gift).
BAKER, C. L.: 1 boat-shaped pre-
historic stone ax—Iola, Grimes County,
Texas (gift).
BASSETT, CHARLES K., Buffalo, New
York: 85 prehistoric arrow points and
knives—Columbia River, Central Ore-
gon (gift).
BECKMAN, CHARLES, Arlington, Ore-
gon: 72 objects—prehistoric arrowheads,
knives and pendants—Roosevelt, Klic-
kitat County, Washington (gift).
BENSABOTT, R., INc., Chicago: 1
carved green jade box, K‘ien-lung
period (1736-95), 22 inscribed oracle
bones, Shang dynasty (about 1500 B.c.)
—China (gift).
BONIN, DR. GERHARDT VON, Chicago:
1 ink stone—China (gift).
BOUDEMAN, DONALD O., Kalamazoo,
Michigan: 171 archaeological objects—
8 stone pipes, 40 arrowheads, 3 grooved
axes, 3 celts, 1 grooved maul, 1 roller
pestle, 23 spearheads, 19 stone knives,
35 problematical objects of slate, 18
drills, 20 scrapers — Michigan (ex-
change).
BREUIL, ABBE HENRI, Paris, France:
41 prehistoric flint implements—Mas
d’Azil, France (gift).
BusH, Mrs. WILLIAM H., Chicago: 1
glass snuff-bottle with landscape paint-
ing—China (gift).
CHAIT, RALPH M., New York: 1 large
barrel-shaped pottery wine-jar, Han
period—China (gift).
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago: 1
pair of silver bracelets, 2 silver neck-
laces, 1 pair silver earrings, 2 enameled
pendants, 1 gold charm with chain—
rate and Morocco, North Africa
Dickson, Dr. Don F., Lewistown,
Illinois: 29 specimens—1 skeleton, 2
skulls, 4 pieces of pottery, 2 shell spoons,
1 stone celt, 1 awl sharpener, 15 flint
spearheads, arrowheads, etc., 1 flaker,
1 conch-shell ornament, 1 conch-shell
bead—lIllinois (gift).
DRUMMOND, Dr. I. W., New York: 1
jade chape, 4 jade girdle pendants, 1
jade ring, 1 ivory funnel and ladle for
snuff, 1 green glass charm with Arabic
inscription, 1 jasper charm with Kufic
inscription, 1 chisel—China, Near East,
and Switzerland (gift).
EVERETT, MR. AND Mrs. EDWARD
W.., Hinsdale, Illinois: 1 painting on silk
representing a school of carp, sixteenth
century—China (gift).
FIELD, MR. AND Mrs. GEORGE W.,
Waukegan, Illinois: 71 prehistoric arrow
and spear points, rejects, fragments,
ete.—Illinois and Wisconsin (gift).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
Collected by Field Museum—Oxford
University Joint Expedition to Meso-
potamia (Marshall Field Fund): about
600 objects—flint, bone, and copper im-
plements, beads, alabaster bowls, glass,
stuccos and heads from Sassanian pal-
aces, skeletal material—Kish, Meso-
potamia.
Collected by Dr. Paul S. Martin,
leader of Second Archaeological Ex-
pedition to the Southwest (Julius and
Augusta N. Rosenwald Fund): 739
objects—76 pottery vessels, 2 pottery
pipes, 1 pottery pendant, 625 pottery
sherds, 10 bone awls, 10 prayer sticks,
2 strings of shell and bone beads, 10
butts of roof beams, 1 stone “sandal
last,’ 1 lot of calcined maize, 1 lot
a animal bones—Lowry ruin, Colo-
rado.
JAN. 1932
Collected by Henry Field, leader of
Second Marshall Field Archaeological
Expedition to Europe: Prehistoric
archaeological material—England,
France, Germany, Czechoslovakia,
Austria, and Hungary.
Collected by Henry Field, leader of
Chauncey Keep Expedition to Europe:
102 objects—3 skulls, 6 casts of de-
formed skulls, 78 casts of heads, hands,
and feet of various racial types, 15 hair
samples of various races; 618 photo-
graphs of racial types.
Collected by J. Eric Thompson, leader
of Third Marshall Field Archaeological
Expedition to British Honduras: 371
objects—60 pottery vessels, 5 pottery
figurines, 150 flints and obsidians, 35
shell, pumice, and coral objects, 30
jades, 13 bone objects, 10 stone objects,
60 miscellaneous objects, 8 ethnological
eee Honduras and Guate-
mala.
Purchases: 1 flint spearhead—Vis-
ing6 Island, Sweden, from Victor B.
Lindgren, collector (Fund for Hall of
Prehistoric Man); 1,528 objects—1,000
Solutrean flints, 10 pieces of worked
bone, 18 pierced teeth and art objects,
500 animal bones—France, from Mu-
seum at Paray-le-Monial.
FIELD, STANLEY, Chicago: 23 bronze
figures, busts and heads of racial types
(gift).
FitcH, MRS. MARGARET S., Chicago:
1 piece of barkcloth, 1 dipper, 2 ladles,
and 1 broom—Batonga, Portuguese
East Africa (gift).
HERSKOVITZ, DR. MELVILLE J.,
Evanston, Illinois: 1 specimen of white
edible clay—Dahomey, Africa (gift).
HURLEY, JORGE, Belém-Para, Brazil:
2 stone axes and 2 feather head-bands—
Gurupy, Para, Brazil (exchange).
JOHNSTON, L. K., Knox, Indiana: 1
prehistoric stone ax, 1 scraper, 3 arrow-
heads—Northern Indiana (gift).
JONES, ROBERT B., Chicago: 1
grooved stone ax, 10 flint spearheads—
Ridgeville, Indiana (gift).
KNOBLOCK, BYRON, La Grange, IIli-
nois: 1 quartzite point of Folsom type—
Wisconsin; 4 flint points, fragments of
Indian skeleton—Kimmswick, Missouri;
human skull and lower jaw—Pike
County, Illinois (gift); 75 objects—23
prehistoric stone implements — Den-
mark; 8 discoidals, 4 celts, 4 problem-
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
191
atical stone objects, 1 bird stone,
1 plummet, 14 gorgets, 1 hematite ax,
1 stone tube, 6 stone pipes, 2 pottery
pipes, 1 decorated shell, 9 French trade
glass beads—Mississippi Valley (ex-
change).
_ Lone, Linus, Chicago: 2 ceremonial
jade axes, Sung and K‘ien-lung periods
—China (gift).
MOLLISON, PROFESSOR T., Munich,
Germany: 49 objects—10 casts of pre-
historic human and anthropoid bones,
3 fragments of human skeleton, 36
racial hair samples; 110 enlarged photo-
graphs of racial types (exchange).
MUSEUM OF THE UNIVERSITY OF
PENNSYLVANIA, Philadelphia: 54 speci-
mens of prehistoric pottery—Marajo
and other islands at mouth of Amazon,
Brazil; 1 iron pyrite mirror—Guatemala
(exchange).
PARMELEE, MRS. WILLIAM B., Chi-
cago: 3 paper carps used at boy’s
festival—Japan (gift).
PETRIE, PROFESSOR SIR FLINDERS,
London, England: 2 hair samples from
Egyptian mummies of Roman period—
Egypt (gift).
Pore, Dr. ARTHUR U., New York:
1 decorated bronze plaque (fragment)—
Luristan, Persia (gift).
REED, JAMES BRITTON AND
LAWRENCE BRITTON, Woodstock, IIli-
nois: 24 prehistoric flint arrowheads
and spearheads—Indian camp site on
Clarion River, Pennsylvania (gift).
REID, JOHN T., Lovelock, Arkansas:
1 metate with grinder—Paiute, Hum-
boldt Lake, Pershing County, Nevada
(gift).
Roserts, Mrs. J. W., Oswego, IIli-
nois: 1 fragmentary Indian female
skeleton—Oswego, Illinois (gift).
Scott, A. B., Chicago: 1 prehistoric
stone ear plug—White River, Arkansas
(gift).
SELLERS, PROFESSOR OvID R., Chi-
cago: 1 lower mandible of member of
Equidae from a reservoir of Hellenistic
period (5th-3rd century B.c.)—Beth-
Zur, Palestine (gift).
Starr, Mrs. MERRITT, Winnetka,
Illinois: 1 papoose cradle, 3 umbilical
cord charms, 2 sheaths for knives, 1
awl case—Kiowa tribe, Oklahoma; 1
bow and 8 arrows—China (gift).
192 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HistoRY—REportTsS, VoL. IX
SWIFT, CHARLES H., Chicago: 1
beaded buckskin vest, 1 beaded belt—
Menominee and Dakota Indians, United
States (gift).
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM,
Washington, D.C.: 136 archaeological
objects, chiefly bone, ivory, wooden im-
plements, and pottery—Eskimo, Alaska
(exchange).
VERNON, DAVID, Chicago: 19 objects
—prehistoric ornamental stones and
pottery pipe—Wisconsin, Illinois, Ken-
tucky, Iowa, Tennessee, Michigan, and
Georgia (exchange).
Von DRASEK, FRANK, Cicero, Illinois:
68 prehistoric arrowheads — Magnet
Cove, Arkansas (gift).
WALKER, Dr. JAMES W., Chicago: 1
knife with sheath—Mandingo, West
Africa (gift).
WATELIN, L. C., Paris, France: 26
flint implements of Campignian period
—Dordogne, France (gift).
WICKER, MISS CAROLYN, Chicago: 1
nest of boxes—Japan; 1 pair of flutes—
hill tribes of Darjeeling, India; 12 post
cards representing natives of Borneo—
Japan, India, and Borneo (gift).
WoopBuryY, EDMOND I., Burlington,
Iowa: 3 caps, 3 bags, 1 body belt, 1
pair of gloves, and 2 dolls, all of wool
—Aymara and Quechua, Peru (gift).
ZIMMER, JOHN, Chicago: 1 prehistoric
stone pounder—lIllinois (gift).
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
ABBOTT LABORATORIES, Chicago: 1
specimen of plant from Texas (gift).
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: 2 speci-
mens of plants (gift).
AMERICAN WRITING PAPER COMPANY,
Holyoke, Massachusetts: 5 specimens
ata steps in paper manufacture
gift).
ARNOLD ARBORETUM, Jamaica Plain,
Massachusetts: 387 specimens of plants
(exchange).
ARTHUR, Dr. J. C., Lafayette, In-
diana: 1 specimen of plant from Texas
(gift).
BACON, R. S., COMPANY, Chicago: 10
veneered panels of foreign woods, 1
board Maidhu crotch (gift).
BAILEY, Mrs. DANA K., Aripine,
Arizona: 1 specimen of plant from
Arizona (gift).
BAILEY, J. W., Laurel, Mississippi:
4 trunk slabs, 1 wheel section, and 2
boards of sycamore (gift).
BAILEY, Dr. L. H., Ithaca, New
York: 250 plant specimens (gift).
BEBB, HERBERT, Chicago: 1 plant
specimen (gift).
BENKE, HERMANN C., Chicago: 11
specimens of plants (gift).
BERST-FORSTER-DIXFIELD COMPANY,
Cloquet, Minnesota: 1 trunk, 1 wheel
are and 2 boards of paper birch
gift).
BISHOP MUSEUM, BERNICE P., Hono-
lulu, Hawaii: 1 plant specimen from the
Galapagos Islands (gift).
BonD, RALPH A., Chicago: 1 board
of ipil (gift).
BOTANIC GARDEN AND MUSEUM,
Berlin-Dahlem, Germany: 261 speci-
mens of plants, 90 tracings (exchange).
Bravo H., Miss HELIA, Chapultepec,
Mexico: 2 plant specimens (gift).
BROOKLYN BOTANIC GARDEN, Brook-
lyn, New York: 12 plant specimens, 1
packet of seeds (exchange).
CABRERA, PROFESSOR ANGEL L., La
Plata, Argentina: 5 specimens of plants
gift).
CAIN, PROFESSOR STANLEY A., Indi-
anapolis, Indiana: 37 specimens of
plants (gift).
CALDERON, Dr. SALVADOR, San Sal-
vador, Salvador: 63 specimens of plants
(gift).
CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,
San Francisco: 17 specimens of plants
from the Galapagos Islands (exchange);
3 plant specimens (gift).
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA,
Washington, D.C.: 275 plant specimens
(exchange).
CLARKSON, Mrs. RALPH, Chicago:
4 specimens of plants (gift).
CLEMENS, MRs. JOSEPH, Kew, Surrey,
England: 1 tracing of plant (gift).
JAN. 1932
COMPANHIA FORD INDUSTRIAL DO
BRASIL, Para, Brazil: 228 plant speci-
mens from Brazil (gift).
CONSERVATOIRE ET JARDIN BOTANI-
QUE, Geneva, Switzerland: 79 speci-
mens of South American plants (ex-
change).
CONSERVATOR OF FoRESTS, Belize,
British Honduras: 62 wood samples
(gift).
CorTI, GIULIO AND FILLO, Signa,
Italy: 15 samples of hats and hat-
making materials (gift).
Cox, F. Notter, Berkeley, Cali-
fornia: 1 plant specimen (gift).
Crews, IRA D., Tulsa, Oklahoma:
1 log section, 1 wheel section, and 2
boards of Osage orange (gift).
DAVIDSON, Mrs. S. B., San Francisco,
California: 1 specimen of acorn from
Panama (gift).
DeaM, C. C., Bluffton, Indiana: 6
specimens of Indiana plants (gift).
DELTOX RuG ComMPANY, Oshkosh,
Wisconsin: 3 specimens of sedge mats,
twine, and plants (gift).
DuDLEY HERBARIUM, Stanford Uni-
versity, California: 412 specimens of
plants (exchange).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
Collected by Dr. B. E. Dahlgren
(Marshall Field Botanical Expedition
to the Amazon, 1929): 2 specimens of
Copernicia baskets from Brazil.
Collected by Dr. Ralph Linton
(Marshall Field Expedition to Mada-
gascar): 8 specimens of raffia mats.
Rockefeller Foundation Fund for
Photographing Type Specimens: 8,925
negatives of type specimens of the
Berlin, Munich, and Geneva herbaria.
Transferred from the Division of
Photography: 5,669 photographic prints.
Purchases: 200 specimens of Chilean
plants, collected by K. Behn; 115 speci-
mens of plants from Trinidad, collected
by W. E. Broadway; 100 specimens of
Patagonian plants, collected by Dr.
Arturo Donat; 81 specimens of plants
collected in Venezuela by W. Gehriger;
100 specimens of Chilean plants, col-
lected by Hugo Gunckel; 55 specimens
of plants collected in Uruguay by Dr.
Guillermo Herter; 520 specimens of
plants collected in western United
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
193
States by C. L. Hitchcock; 964 speci-
mens of plants collected in Paraguay
by Pedro Jorgensen; 496 specimens of
plants collected in Peru and Colombia
by G. Klug; 200 specimens of Brazilian
plants, collected by Dr. Bento Pickel;
95 specimens of Venezuelan plants,
collected by José Saer; 311 specimens
of Brazilian ferns, collected by J. P.
Schmalz; 145 specimens of plants col-
lected in the Dominican Republic by
E. J. Valeur; 311 specimens of Rubia-
ceae, chiefly from Europe and Africa;
70 photographic prints of types of Aeg?-
phila; 13 economic specimens.
FISHER, GEORGE L., Houston, Texas:
221 specimens of plants from Texas and
New Mexico (gift).
FLoRES, Dr. RoMAN S&., Progreso,
Yucatan: 9 specimens of plants, 3
ee a prints, 1 wood specimen
ift).
FLORIDA-LOUISIANA RED CYPRESS
CoMPANY, Jacksonville, Florida: 2
“knees” of southern cypress (gift).
Fox, ALLoTT M., Iron Mountain,
Michigan: 1 board of sugar maple, 1
trunk of tamarack (gift).
FRANK, S. H., Redwood City, Cali-
fornia: 1 specimen of tanbark (gift).
FRITZ, PROFESSOR EMANUEL, Berke-
ley, California: 6 boards and 4 cones
of sugar pine, 1 board of Monterey
cypress, 1 board of eucalyptus (gift).
GARFIELD PARK CONSERVATORY, Chi-
cago: 1 specimen of bamboo (gift).
GARRETT, PROFESSOR A. O., Salt Lake
City, Utah: 48 specimens of plants (gift).
GILLETT SAFFRON COMPANY, Chicago:
1 specimen saffron (gift).
GRAMS, WILLIAM F. C., Des Plaines,
Illinois: 1 plant specimen, 2 packets of
seeds (gift).
GRAY HERBARIUM OF HARVARD UNI-
VERSITY, Cambridge, Massachusetts:
789 specimens of plants (exchange).
GREAT SOUTHERN LUMBER COMPANY,
Bogalusa, Louisiana: 2 boards of long-
leaf pine (gift).
GRONEMANN, CARL F., Elgin, Illinois:
5 plant specimens (gift).
HAISLER BROTHERS COMPANY, Chi-
cago: 8 specimens of brush and broom
material (gift).
194 FreLD MuseuM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
HARPER, Dr. R. M., Tallahassee,
Florida: 8 specimens of plants (gift).
Hart, Mrs. Epwarp S., Hartford,
Connecticut: 2 specimens of plants
(gift).
HELLMAYR, Dr. C. E., Chicago: 26
specimens of orchids (gift).
HERCULES POWDER COMPANY, Wil-
mington, Delaware: 1 sample of abietic
acid (gift).
HERRERA, PROFESSOR FORTUNATO L.,
Cuzco, Peru: 33 specimens of Peruvian
plants (gift).
HEYWOOD-WAKEFIELD COMPANY
(branch), Chicago: 1 chair seat (gift).
HEYWOOD-WAKEFIELD COMPANY
(home office), Gardner, Massachusetts:
1 chair seat (gift).
HINES, EDWARD, LUMBER COMPANY,
Burns, Oregon: 2 boards of western
larch (gift).
HOFFMANN, RALPH, Santa Barbara,
California: 105 specimens of California
plants (gift).
IMPERIAL BRooM CoMPANY, Chicago:
4 specimens of broom materials (gift).
INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COM-
PANY, Chicago: 5 samples of manila
and sisal fiber (gift).
INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY,
New York: 10 specimens of Brazilian
pulpwoods (gift).
ITALIAN CHAMBER OF COMMERCE,
Chicago: straw hat material.
JARDIN BOTANIQUE PRINCIPAL, Len-
ingrad, U.S.S.R.: 105 specimens of
plants from Mexico and Guatemala
(exchange).
Just, Dr. TH., Notre Dame, Indiana:
1 specimen of Indiana plant (gift).
KALAMAZOO VEGETABLE PARCHMENT
ComMPANY, Kalamazoo, Michigan: 5
specimens of paper-making material
(gift).
KARLING, J. S., New York: 3 speci-
mens of plants from British Honduras
(gift).
KEITH LUMBER COMPANY, Chicago:
1 board of sycamore (gift).
Kinc, W. O., LUMBER COMPANY,
Chicago: 2 boards of sugar maple (gift).
KUTTNAUER AND FRANKE, Chicago:
7 tobacco samples (gift).
LANG, HERBERT, Pretoria, South
Africa: 40 photographic prints (gift).
LANKESTER, C. H., Cartago, Costa
Rica: 81 plant specimens from Costa
Rica (gift).
LAUFER, Mrs. BERTHOLD, Chicago:
1 basket (gift).
MACBRIDE, J. FRANCIS, Chicago: 8
a Tn of plants from Switzerland
ift).
McCurrRAcu, JAMES, Evanston, Illi-
nois: 1 plant specimen (gift).
MARSHALL FIELD AND COMPANY,
Chicago: 7 specimens of fiber rugs and
matting, 2 specimens of hat material
(gift).
MExiA, Mrs. YNES, San Francisco,
California: 81 specimens of plants from
Brazil and Mexico (gift).
MEYER, JOHN H., AND SON, Chicago:
20 tobacco samples (gift).
MEYER, WILLIAM C., New York:
147 specimens of British Honduras
plants (gift).
MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN, St.
Louis, Missouri: 1,987 specimens of
plants from southwestern United States
(exchange).
MOLDENKE, HAROLD N., New York:
4 photographic prints, 3 descriptions of
plants from Flora Fluminensis (gift).
MONARCH LEATHER COMPANY, Chi-
cago: 4 leather samples (gift).
NATIONAL HERBARIUM OF VICTORIA,
South Yarra, Australia: 50 specimens
of Australian plants (exchange).
NEILS, J., LUMBER CoMPANY, Libby,
Montana: 7 wood specimens (gift).
New YorRK BOTANICAL GARDEN,
Bronx Park, New York: 249 photo-
graphic prints, 2 plant specimens (ex-
change).
NIEUWLAND, REv. J. A., Notre Dame,
Indiana: 1 specimen of orchid from
Michigan (gift).
ORTEGA, JESUS GONZALEZ, Mazatlan,
Mexico: 200 specimens of Sinaloa plants
(gift).
OsTERHOUT, GEORGE E., Windsor,
Colorado: 2 specimens of Colorado
plants (gift).
PALM, PROFESSOR BJORN, Urbana,
Illinois: 28 plant specimens (gift).
JAN. 1932
PuHILuies, D. O., Little Rock, Ar-
kansas: 1 plant specimen (gift).
PoRSILD, DR. MORTEN P., Disko,
Greenland: 365 specimens of plants
from Greenland (exchange).
ProssT, Dr. R., Langendorf, Swit-
zerland: 48 specimens of adventive
plants from Switzerland (gift).
RAEDLEIN BASKET COMPANY, Chi-
cago: 1 specimen of basketry material
ift).
RAMIREZ, PROFESSOR ANTONIO, Cha-
pultepec, Mexico: 1 specimen of Mexi-
can plant (gift).
RHOADES, WILLIAM, Indianapolis,
Indiana: 89 plant specimens (exchange).
RICHMOND CEDAR COMPANY, Rich-
mond, Virginia: 1 trunk and 2 boards
of southern white cedar (gift).
RIKSMUSEETS BOTANISKA AFDEL-
NING, Stockholm, Sweden: 1,336 speci-
mens of plants (exchange).
RozYNskiI, H. W. von, Jaumave,
Mexico: 135 specimens of Mexican
plants (gift).
SALAS, JORGE Garcia, Guatemala
City, Guatemala: 41 specimens of plants
from Guatemala (gift).
ScHIPP, WILLIAM A., Belize, British
Honduras: 155 specimens of plants from
Honduras (gift).
SCHOBLE, FRANK, AND COMPANY,
New York: 28 samples of hats and hat-
making materials (gift).
SEATTLE CEDAR LUMBER MANUFAC-
TURING COMPANY, Seattle, Washington:
4 trunks, 1 wheel section, and 2 boards
of western red cedar (gift).
SERRARIA FREITAS DIAS E COMPAN-
HIA, Belem, Par, Brazil: 3 wood speci-
mens (gift).
SHAMBOW SHUTTLE COMPANY, Woon-
socket, Rhode Island: 1 shuttle of per-
simmon wood, 1 shuttle of dogwood
(gift).
SHERFF, Dr. EARL E., Chicago: 15
plant specimens (gift).
SMITH, J. H., VENEERS, INC., Chicago:
(git — panels of foreign woods
SPENCE, HowarD, Southport, Eng-
land: 3 wood specimens (gift).
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
195
STANDLEY, PAUL C., Chicago: 17
specimens of Indiana plants (gift).
STETSON, JOHN B., CoMPANy, Phila-
delphia, Pennsylvania: 13 samples of
hats and hat-making materials (gift).
STEVENS, PROFESSOR O. A., State
College Station, Fargo, North Dakota:
2 specimens of North Dakota plants
(gift).
STEYERMARK, JULIAN A., St. Louis,
Missouri: 1 plant specimen from Texas
gift).
TORRES R., PROFESSOR RUBEN, Car-
tago, Costa Rica: 1 plant specimen
from Costa Rica (gift).
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE, BUREAU OF PLANT IN-
DUSTRY, Washington, D.C.: 1 specimen
of cotton bolls (gift).
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE, OFFICE OF SYSTEMATIC
AGROSTOLOGY, Washington, D.C.: 289
specimens of grasses (exchange).
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM,
Washington, D.C.: 1,063 specimens of
plants, 500 photographic prints of
plants (exchange).
UNIVERSAL FILM EXCHANGE, INC.,
Chicago: 1 specimen of moving picture
film (gift).
UNIVERSITETETS BOTANISKE MU-
SEUM, Copenhagen, Denmark: 83 plant
specimens from Mexico and Central
America (exchange).
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DEPART-
MENT OF BOTANY, Berkeley, California:
854 specimens of plants (exchange).
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS
ANGELES, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY, Los
Angeles, California: 599 specimens of
plants (exchange).
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, DEPART-
MENT OF BOTANY, Chicago: 353 speci-
mens of plants (gift).
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, DEPART-
MENT OF BoTANy, Ann Arbor, Michigan:
1,098 specimens of plants from Mexico
and Sumatra (exchange).
UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON, DE-
PARTMENT OF BOTANY, Seattle, Wash-
ington: 102 specimens of plants from
Alaska (gift).
VAN CLEEF, PAUL, Chicago: 1 trunk
oe “a rubber tree, 1 sample of rubber
ift).
196 FIELD Museum oF NATURAL HisTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX |
Wiuiiams, I. T., AND SoNs, New
York: 8 specimens of mahogany and
teak (gift).
Wituiams, R. O., Port-of-Spain,
Trinidad: 2 specimens of ‘Trinidad
plants (gift).
WILLIAMSON VENEER CoMPANY, Bal-
timore, Maryland: 2 boards of Santa
Maria (gift).
WILSON, PROFESSOR C. L., Hanover,
New Hampshire: 135 specimens of
Barro Colorado Island plants (gift).
WITTE MEMORIAL MUSEUM, San An-
tonio, Texas: 54 specimens of Texas
plants (gift).
DEPARTMENT
ALDRICH, JACK, Oak Park, Illinois:
1 specimen fossil coral—Delavan, Wis-
consin (gift).
AMERICAN GEM AND PEARL COM-
PANY, New York: Cluster of amazonite
crystals—Virginia (gift).
AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL
History, New York: 5 photographs
(gift).
BARNES, R. M., Lacon, Illinois:
Marcasite concretion—Lacon, Illinois
(gift).
BERGHOEFER, REV. FREDERICK J.,
Chicago: 3 specimens gas-bearing sand
—Lake Forest, Illinois (gift).
BIANCHI, JOSEPH, Paterson, New
Jersey: 4 specimens minerals—New
Jersey (exchange).
BIGANE, JOHN, AND SONS, Chicago:
8 specimens fossil plants—Nanticoke,
Pennsylvania (gift).
BLASCHKE, FREDERICK, Cold Spring-
on-Hudson, New York: Model of the
horse ‘‘Man o’ War’’ (gift).
BoREMAN, K.S., Chicago: 1 specimen
halite — Washington County, Utah
(gift).
BRITISH MuseuM (NATURAL His-
TORY), London, England: 3 specimens
Cambrian trilobites—Wales (exchange).
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J., Chicago: 2
silver bricks—Colorado and Montana;
group of crystallized cuprite—Bisbee,
Arizona; 8 specimens crystallized min-
erals—Maine and New Mexico; 1 vari-
colored tourmaline— Madagascar (gift).
WORTHINGTON, Dr. Harry C., Oak
Forest, Illinois: 1 plant specimen (gift).
YALE UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF FORES-
TRY, New Haven, Connecticut: 83 speci-
mens of plants, 30 photographic prints
(gift); 121 wood specimens (exchange).
ZAPHIRIO, A., AND COMPANY, Chicago:
7 tobacco samples (gift).
ZETEK, JAMES, Balboa, Canal Zone,
Panama: 928 specimens of plants from
Barro Colorado Island (gift).
ZIMMERMAN, H. E., Mt. Morris, Illi-
nois: 1 plant specimen (gift).
ZINGG, ROBERT M., Chicago: 41
pena of plants from Chihuahua
gift).
OF GEOLOGY
CHAIT, RALPH M., New York: 2
ieee a chalcedony geodes—Uruguay
gift).
CLINTON, H. G., Manhattan, Nevada:
21 specimens minerals—Manhattan,
Nevada (exchange).
CoMER, JOSEPH, Rose Lawn, Indiana:
Lower jaw of fossil beaver—Mount Ayr,
Indiana (gift).
CorAM, GEORGE M., Utica, New
York: 1 specimen ‘box crystal’’—Port
Leyden, New York (gift).
CRANE, RICHARD T., JR., Chicago: 1
cut ruby topaz—Brazil; 1 polished
black opal—Australia (gift).
CurTIS, THEODORE H., Chicago:
2 specimens sand-lime concretions—
Adams County, South Dakota (gift).
Davis, Harry T., Raleigh, North
Carolina: Etched fragment of Randolph
Coa meteorite — North Carolina
gift).
DINGELDEIN, Karu, New York: 1
specimen carved amazonite—Amelia
Court House, Virginia (exchange).
Eccers, HERMAN C., Hamburg, Ger-
many: 5 photographs illustrating desert
phenomena—Chile (gift).
Errric, C. W. G., River Forest,
Illinois: Bones of fossil vertebrates—
Cumberland, Maryland (exchange).
EHRMANN, MARTIN L., New York:
Large carved fluorite vase—Cumber-
land, England (gift).
JAN. 1932
FABER, E. B., Grand Junction, Colo-
tado: 2 specimens fossil pelecypods,
4 specimens fossil gastropods, fossil
amblypod jaw—Grand Junction, Colo-
rado (gift).
FIELD, HENRY, Chicago: 16 specimens
rock types—Inverness, Scotland (gift).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
Collected by Dr. O. C. Farrington: 67
specimens minerals—Maine.
Collected by the Marshall Field
Paleontological Expedition to Argentina
and Bolivia, 1923-27: Chalcedony
geode—Patagonia; 28 skulls and skele-
tons of South American fossil mammals
and birds—Argentina and Bolivia.
Collected by the Marshall Field
Paleontological Expedition to Nebraska:
48 specimens vertebrate fossils—Ne-
braska.
Collected by the Rawson-MacMillan—
Field Museum Subarctie Expedition of
1927-28: 23 specimens invertebrate
fossils—Labrador.
Collected by various expeditions: 14
skulls and other bones of modern
animals.
Purchases: 1 iron meteorite—Breece,
New Mexico; section of Newport mete-
orite—Newport, Arkansas; septarium
of hematite—Vandalia, Missouri; set
of gases of the atmosphere; 20 species
of Middle Miocene fossil leaves and
flowers—Harney County, Oregon; horn
of fossil bison—Gage, Oklahoma; 2
skulls and other skeletal parts of Pro-
titanotheritum—Vernal, Utah; partial
skeleton of fossil crocodile—Vernal,
Utah; mounted head of Portheus—
Hays, Kansas; 2 natural casts of dino-
saur tracks—Grand Junction, Colorado;
6 specimens invertebrate fossils—Bun-
denbach, Germany.
FisHer, G. L., Houston, Texas: 1
photograph of lava beds—Carrizozo,
New Mexico (gift).
FREEPORT SULPHUR COMPANY, Free-
port, Texas: 4 specimens sulphur,
4 charts—Freeport, Texas (gift).
FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago: 1 skull
of American bison—Iowa; 1 skull of
black rhinoceros—Florida (gift).
GENERAL BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY HOUSE,
Chicago: 1 specimen modern squid—
Florida (gift).
GIBBONS, PATRICK, Lewiston, Idaho:
Photograph of opal—Idaho (gift).
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
197
GLOSKI, JOSEPH A., Brentwood
Heights, California: 269 specimens
agate—California (gift).
GRAHAM, ERNEST R., Chicago: 28
mural paintings (gift).
GREEN, Morris M., Ardmore, Penn-
sylvania: Fossil shark’s tooth—near
Charleston, South Carolina; fossil pelec-
ypod—Columbus, Mississippi (gift).
HAWKES, J. K., Kansas City, Mis-
souri: 5 specimens transparent gypsum
—Barton County, Oklahoma (gift).
JOHN, E. W., Clear Lake, Utah: 7
aan fossil invertebrates—Utah
gift).
JONES, A. C., Cicero, Illinois: 1 group
of fossil brachiopods—Mayville, Wis-
one 1 specimen aragonite—Colorado
ift).
J ONES, ROBERT B., Chicago: 15 speci-
mens minerals, 3 specimens inverte-
brate fossils—Various localities (gift).
KAEMPFER, ANTON C. G., Bridgeport,
Nebraska: Right mandible and sym-
physis of Trilophodon—Bridgeport, Ne-
braska (gift).
LECHLER, E. FRED, Chicago: 1 speci-
men sandstone with intersecting veins—
Wisconsin (gift).
LETL, FRANK; LETL, PAUL; MASON,
Miss NAN; PATTERSON, BRYAN, Chicago:
26 specimens fossil plants and insects,
1 specimen septarium—Braidwood,
Illinois (gift).
LINNEMAN, JOSEPH P., Buffalo, New
York: 1 specimen galena and calcite—
Nevada; 1 specimen wad—Ottawa,
Canada (gift); 13 specimens minerals—
Various localities (exchange).
LIPMAN, ROBERT R., Chicago: Cluster
of calcite crystals—Gunnison County,
Colorado (gift).
Los ANGELES MUSEUM OF History,
SCIENCE, AND ART, Los Angeles, Cali-
fornia: 1 skeleton each of fossil horse,
bison, sloth and carnivore—Los Angeles,
California (exchange).
MARINER AND HOSKINS, Chicago: 1
specimen magnetite, apatite and calcite
—wWilberforce, Ontario (gift).
MUELLER, E. A., Chicago: 127 speci-
mens fulgurites—Saugatuck, Michigan;
174 specimens fulgurites, 1 photograph
—Ableman, Wisconsin (gift).
198 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoORTS, VOL. IX
Munur, Roy, Redington, Nebraska:
Cranium of Trilophodon—Bridgeport,
Nebraska (gift).
MuSEE ROYAL D’HISTOIRE NAT-
URELLE DE BELGIQUE, Brussels, Bel-
gium: Skull and jaws of Rhinoceros
tichorhinus—Malines, Belgium (ex-
change).
NEVILLE, RUSSELL T., Kewanee, IIli-
nois: Photograph of stalagmite on wood
—Sullivan, Missouri; 10 photographs
of cave formations—Various localities
(gift).
NEw YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
New York: 1 photograph of Asiatic
horse (gift).
NININGER, H. H., Denver, Colorado:
Etched section of the Tacubaya meteor-
ite—Tacubaya, Mexico (exchange);
section and cast of Brule meteorite—
Brule, Nebraska (exchange and pur-
chase).
NOBLE, STUART D., Minneapolis,
Minnesota: 9 specimens cut gems—
Brazil and Australia (exchange).
PALM, JOHN, Lakeside, Michigan: 1
specimen bog iron ore—Rolling Prairie,
Indiana (gift).
Puiuurs, D. L., Little Rock, Ar-
kansas: 10 specimens fossil resin, 7
specimens lignite impregnated with
resin—near Gifford, Arkansas (gift).
Pitts, WILLIAM B., Sunnyvale, Cali-
fornia: 2 polished specimens of oolite
and jasper—California; 3 rock and
mineral specimens—Nevada (gift).
PouGH, FREDERICK H., St. Louis,
Missouri: 1 specimen volborthite —
Stanton, Missouri (gift).
RANEZEEL, WALTER ANTHONY, Los
Angeles, California: 4 photographs of
rock pillars produced by erosion—Death
Valley, California (gift).
REID, JOHN T., Lovelock, Nevada:
2 specimens mercury and antimony
ores, 1 specimen dendrite, 8 specimens
concretions, 1 specimen fossil mollusk—
Nevada (gift).
SELLERS, GILBERT, Chicago: Iron-
stone concretion—Avon, Illinois (gift).
SINCLAIR, WILLIAM J., Princeton,
New Jersey: Photograph of restoration
of Eohippus (gift).
STAUFFER CHEMICAL COMPANY OF
TEXAS, Freeport, Texas: 3 specimens
sulphur—Freeport, Texas (gift).
STEWARD, W. G., Salida, Colorado:
10 specimens minerals—Colorado (gift).
SWANK, RICHARD C., Chicago: 1 speci-
men clay concretion—Kansas (gift).
SWEET, S. R., Bridgeport, Nebraska:
7 specimens skulls and jaws of fossil
ie rcbicai Nebraska
gift).
TRICKETT, O., North Sydney, New
South Wales: Map of Jenolan caves—
Australia (gift).
Von DRASEK, FRANK, Cicero, Illinois:
100 specimens minerals and rocks, 5
specimens cut quartz, 9 photographs
illustrating diamond mining—Arkansas
(gift); 6 specimens quartz—Arkansas
(exchange).
WALKER, Mrs. C. B., Sioux Falls,
South Dakota: 29 photographs—Al-
berta, Canada (gift).
WALTHER, HERBERT C., Chicago: 26
specimens rare metals (gift).
WaARD’S NATURAL SCIENCE ESTAB-
LISHMENT, Rochester, New York: Pol-
ished section with crust of Adams
County meteorite—Colorado (exchange
and purchase).
WENDLER, C., Geneva, Switzerland:
Mass with crust of Olmedilla stone
meteorite—Olmedilla de Alarcon, Spain
(exchange).
WESTERN BoRAX COMPANY, LTD., Los
Angeles, California: 1 specimen borax
ore—Kramer, California (gift).
WIuuiaMs, C. S., Chicago: 1 fossil
crinoid—Mission Creek, Illinois (gift).
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY
AxsgBott, THOMAS R., Peiping, China:
35 crickets—China (gift).
ABSOLON, DR. KARL, Briinn, Czecho-
slovakia: 2 cave salamanders—Czecho-
slovakia (gift).
ALBRECHT, C. J., Homewood, Illinois:
1 house cricket—lIllinois (gift).
ANDERSSON, LIEUTENANT K. §&.,
Canal Zone, Panama; 2 snakes, 2
lizards, 2 bats—Panama (gift).
JAN. 1932
BAKER, J. S., Charlevoix, Michigan:
1 walking stick—Michigan (gift).
Baum, JAMES E., JR., Lake Forest,
Illinois: 4 Persian goats, 2 wild asses—
Persia (gift).
BENESH, BERNARD, North Chicago»
Illinois: 103 beetles—United States,
Brazil, and Germany (gift).
BENNITT, PROFESSOR RUDOLPH, Co-
lumbia, Missouri: 1 Fowler’s toad—
Cole County, Missouri (gift).
BEREK, FRANK J., Chicago: 1 rattle-
snake— Wheeling, Illinois (gift).
BIRKS, THOMAS K., Chicago: 2 snakes
—Okee, Wisconsin (gift).
BorEuHM, O. W., Chicago: 4 ichneu-
mon flies—Indianapolis, Indiana (gift).
BRANDER, A. A. DUNBAR, Elgin,
Scotland: 2 mounted birds, 17 birdskins
—England (gift).
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HIs-
TORY), London, England: 108 mammal
skins and skulls—Asia, Africa, Aus-
tralia, South America (exchange).
Burt, Dr. CHARLES E., Winfield,
Kansas: 1 gecko—Garagoa, Colombia;
17 salamanders, 104 frogs and toads,
13 lizards, 8 snakes—Texas; 14 frogs
and toads, 10 lizards, 6 snakes—Various
localities (gift).
CARSLEY, HAROLD, Waukegan, IIli-
nois: 4 beetles—Beach, [Illinois (gift).
CHEN, Dr. K. K., Indianapolis,
Indiana: 5 Japanese toads—Tokyo,
Japan (gift).
CINCINNATI SOCIETY OF NATURAL
History, Cincinnati, Ohio: 39 sala-
manders—North Carolina and Tennes-
see (exchange); 2 salamanders—Grand-
on Mountain, North Carolina
gift).
CLARK, P. B., San Francisco, Cali-
fornia: 12 Alaskan blackfish—Bristol
Bay District, Alaska (gift).
CLow, Harry, Plainfield, Illinois: 1
tiger salamander—lllinois (gift).
COCKERELL, PROFESSOR T. D. A.,
Boulder, Colorado: 2 shells—New Cale-
donia; 1 lot scale insects—Manila,
Philippine Islands (gift).
CoLe, R. V., Blanchard, Louisiana:
1 beetle—Blanchard, Louisiana (gift).
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
199
CONOVER, H. B., Chicago: 3 doves—
Costa Rica and Panama (gift); 70 bird-
skins—Ecuador (exchange); 6 ducks—
Marshall County, Illinois (gift); 6 quail
—Sonora, Mexico (exchange); 1 Canada
goose—Currituck Sound, North Caro-
lina (gift) ; 2 hawks—Mosquerula, Spain;
102 birdskins—Various localities (ex-
change).
CRONICAN, Mrs. W. P., Homewood,
Illinois: 1 fox snake—lIllinois (gift).
DANIEL, Mrs. Nora, Kuttawa, Ken-
tucky: 1 horned corydalis—Kentucky
(gift).
Davis, D. DwicuT, Naperville, Illi-
nois: 13 mammals, 28 frogs and toads,
1 turtle, 4 snakes—Houston County,
Minnesota; 1 Franklin ground squirrel,
1 snake—Naperville, Illinois (gift).
Davis, T. GUNNING, Chicago: 1
squirrel monkey—Paraguay (gift).
EIestT1, E. W., Matteson, Illinois: 1
cicada—lIllinois (gift).
ERWIN, RICHARD P., Boise City,
Idaho: 7 bugs, 1 beetle—Idaho (gift).
EVERARD, R. H., Arusha, Africa:
1 scaly anteater—Tanganyika Terri-
tory, Africa (gift).
FIELD, HENRY, Chicago: 1 chiton—
California; 4 scorpions, 6 jointed spiders
—Rutba Post, Irak (gift).
FIELD, MARSHALL, New York: 4 lions
—Africa (gift).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
Collected by C. J. Albrecht (Harold
White-John Coats Abyssinian Expedi-
tion of Field Museum): 12 ants—Gelata
River, Abyssinia.
Collected by George G. Carey, Jr., and
George F. Ryan (Carey—Ryan Expedi-
tion to Indo-China): 3 mammal skins
and skulls, 1 box accessories—Indo-
China.
Collected by Philip M. Chancellor
(Chancellor—Field Museum Expedition
to Aitutaki Island): 1 gecko, 210 fishes,
148 lower invertebrates—Aitutaki Is-
land, Cook Archipelago.
Collected by Daniel Clark: 284 ticks
—Various localities.
Collected by C. Suydam Cutting, Her-
bert Stevens, V. S. La Personne (C. Suy-
dam Cutting Sikkim Expedition): 465
mammal skins and skulls, 1,379 birds,
6 frogs, 59 lizards, 39 snakes, 23 fishes,
d EAN ae Darjeeling, Bengal,
ndia.
200 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Collected by Henry Field (Third
Marshall Field Archaeological Expedi-
tion to Europe): 1 beaver skull.
Collected by W. D. Hambly (Fred-
erick H. Rawson—-Field Museum Eth-
nological Expedition to West Africa):
4 mammal skins without skulls, 2 in-
sects—Angola, Africa.
Collected by Dr. A. W. Herre (Crane
Pacific Expedition of Field Museum):
3,850 fishes—Canal Zone and Pacifie
Ocean.
Collected by Ashley Hine (Field Mu-
seum Ornithological Expedition to Cali-
fornia): 177 birds, 1 bird’s nest—Cali-
fornia.
Collected by John Moyer: 3 birds—
Pistakee Bay, Illinois.
Collected by John Moyer and W. A.
Weber: 11 birds—Sparland, Illinois.
Collected by Bryan Patterson (Mar-
shall Field Paleontological Expedition
to Nebraska): 144 insects—Nebraska.
Collected by Colin C. Sanborn (Mar-
shall Field Brazilian Expedition): 15
shells—Matto Grosso, Brazil.
Collected by Arthur S. Vernay,
Herbert Lang, and Allan Chapman
(Vernay-—Lang Kalahari Expedition):
185 mammal skins and skulls, 12 large
mammal skeletons—Angola and Kala-
hari Desert, Africa.
Collected by Harold A. White and
John Coats (Harold White—John Coats
Central African Expedition): 25 mam-
mal skins—Kenya Colony, Africa.
Purchases: 39 small mammal skins
and skulls, 9 native mammal skins, 1
crane—Northwestern Rhodesia, Africa;
6 frogs, 25 lizards, 10 snakes, 3 turtles,
2 scorpions, 3 insects—Kleinzee, South
Africa; 3 Goliath frogs, 2 haired frogs—
Cameroons, West Africa; 7 weasel skins
and skulls—Point Barrow, Alaska; 22
small mammal skins and skulls—Tucu-
man, Argentina; 28 rodent skins and
skulls—Western Argentina; 3 birds—
Huachuca Mountains, Arizona; 1 mar-
supial anteater skin and skeleton, 1
rodent, 6 mammal embryos, 30 frogs,
94 lizards, 7 snakes, 2 turtles—West
Australia; 1 cave salamander—Austria;
248 birds—Goyaz, Brazil; 5 ratfish—
Pacific Grove, California; 7 birds—
Drahgumna, China; 56 mammal skins
and skulls, 293 birds—Fukien, China;
19 frogs and toads, 23 lizards—Choco
District, Colombia; 122 mammal skins
and skulls—Costa Rica; 10 salamanders
—lItaly and Roumania; 6 cusk eels—
Pass a L’Outre, Louisiana; 17 fishes—
Gulf of Mexico; 2 European glass
snakes, 2 European pond turtles—
Dalmatia, Austria; 1 salamander, 2
tree frogs, 1 snake—Biloxi, Mississippi;
2 snakes—Atlas Mountains, Morocco;
1 wildcat skin and skeleton—Inverness,
Scotland; 1 tawny owl (mounted), 37
birds—Teruel, Spain; 2 mouse-hare
skins and skulls, 2 yellow-throated
martens—Tibet; 6 salamander and
snake reproductions.
FIKAR, CHARLES, Cicero, Illinois: 1
mud puppy—Fox River, Illinois (gift).
FRANZEN, A. J., Chicago: 1 prairie
horned lark—Orland, Illinois; 1 garter
snake—Peotone, Illinois; 17 insects—
Illinois, Iowa and Wisconsin (gift).
FRANZEN, A. J. AND LAYBOURNE, E.
G., Chicago: 12 salamanders, 3 fishes—
Turkey Run, Indiana (gift).
FRIESSER, JULIUS, Chicago: 2 sphinx
moths—Chicago (gift).
FRINTZ, RALPH, Homewood, Illinois:
1 tiger salamander—Homewood, Illi-
nois (gift).
FURNESS, VISCOUNT, Invernesshire,
Scotland: 2 Scotch red deer—Invernes-
shire, Scotland (gift).
GENERAL BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY HOUSE,
Chicago: 1 pocket gopher skin without
skull—San Jose, Illinois; 1 salamander
—Georgia; 1 nurse shark egg—Key
West, Florida; 1 scarlet king snake—
Florida; 1 brown bat—Dubuque, Iowa;
6 frogs—Minnesota; 2 crayfish frogs—
Louisiana; 2 salamanders, 2 frogs, 2
lizards, 1 snake—Brazil; 12 guppies—
St. Croix, Virgin Islands; 1 lizard, 1
California salamander, 1 western hog-
nosed snake—Various localities (gift).
GERHARD, W. J., Chicago: 71 insects
—Colorado and Illinois (gift).
GRANT, MAJOR CHAPMAN, San Juan,
Porto Rico: 21 frogs—Porto Rico (gift).
GRANT, C. P., Chicago: 1 red fox
skull— Wilmington, Illinois (gift).
GUTHRIE, DR. Mary J., Columbia,
Missouri: 16 bats—Rocheport, Missouri
(gift).
HARRIS, WILLIAM P., Grosse Pointe
Park, Michigan: 10 mammals—Various
localities (exchange).
JAN. 1932
HEBARD, MoRGAN, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania: 34 grasshoppers—south-
western United States and Mexico (ex-
change).
HELLMAYR, DR. AND Mrs. C. E.,
Chicago: 226 insects—Bavaria and
Switzerland (gift).
HENDERSON, Dr. WILLIAM F., Chi-
cago: 21 butterflies—Selma, Alabama
(gift).
Hess, Mrs. WILLIAM H., Madison,
Wisconsin: 1 weaverbird’s nest—India
(gift).
HINE, ASHLEY, Chicago: 1 sooty
shearwater—California (exchange); 10
bird-lice—Chicago (gift).
Hixon, G. C., Chicage: 2 muskalonge
heads—Sayner, Wisconsin (gift).
HoFFMAN, C. Von, New York: 1 ant
thrush—Formosa (gift).
Houtmes, Mrs. MAuDgE, Chicago: 1
introduced green roach—Chicago (gift).
Huu, C. M., Oak Park, Illinois: 15
fly larvae (gift).
JORDAN, Dr. KARL, Tring, Herts,
England: 50 mammal skins with 49
skulls—Europe and Africa (gift).
KUSCHEL, R., Chicago: 1 ichneumon
fly—Chicago (gift).
LAYBOURNE, EDGAR G., Homewood,
Illinois: 1 13-lined ground squirrel—
Manitowoc, Wisconsin; 2 red-backed
salamanders, 2 garter snakes— Michigan
and Wisconsin (gift).
LETL, FRANK H., Chicago: 3 ribbon
snakes—Sublette, Illinois; 1 Blanding’s
turtle—Orland Park, Illinois; 1 mole
cricket—Palos Park, Illinois (gift).
LEWIS, CHARLES, Elmwood Park,
Illinois: 1 house centipede—Illinois
(gift).
LINCOLN PARK CoMMISSION, Chicago:
1 lion skull (gift).
Lino, G. W., Chicago:
crickets—Chicago (gift).
LILJEBLAD, EmIL, Chicago: 402 in-
sects—Illinois, Idaho and Washington
(gift).
LowRIg, D. C., Chicago: 345 sala-
manders—Great Smoky Mountains,
Tennessee (gift).
McGovERN, DR. WILLIAM M.,
Evanston, Illinois: 1 monkey without
skull, 4 birds—Rio Negro, Brazil (gift).
2 camel
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
201
Mooney, J. J., Deerfield, Illinois:
8 frogs—lIllinois (gift).
Moore, H. G., Peoria, Illinois: 1 rail
skeleton—Tristan da Cunha Island
(gift).
MOYER, JOHN, Chicago: 20 insects—
Illinois and Wisconsin (gift).
MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: 2 coney
skins and skulls—Tanganyika Territory
(exchange); 7 salamanders, 3 frogs, 6
lizards, 3 snakes, 4 turtles, 1 caiman,
1 African crocodile—Various localities
(exchange); 198 sea urchins—Europe
and North America (gift).
NECKER, WALTER L., Chicago: 28
salamanders, 4 toads, 2 tree frogs—
Sevier County, Tennessee (gift).
NEVILLE, RUSSELL T., Kewanee, IIli-
nois: 2 spotted salamanders—Leasburg,
Missouri (gift).
O’BRIEN, WILLIAM, Chicago: 15 ticks
—Rainy River, Ontario (gift).
‘O’CONNOR, ALBERT, Chicago: 1 king-
fisher—Chicago (gift).
Park, Dr. ORLANDO, Champaign,
Illinois: 13 beetles—Ohio, New Mexico
and Washington (gift).
PATTERSON, BRYAN, Chicago: 154 in-
sects—Meadville, Nebraska (gift).
PATTERSON, JAMES, Plainfield, TIlli-
nois: 1 swamp tree frog—Will County,
Illinois (gift).
PEARSALL, GORDON S., Batavia, IIli-
nois: 1 screech owl—Batavia, Illinois;
1 tiger salamander, 7 snakes, 4 beetles—
Michigan (gift).
PLATH, KARL, Chicago: 1 green lizard
—Dalmatia, Austria (gift).
PLATT, FREDERICK C., Santiago,
Chile: 4 rodent skins and skulls, 16
birds—Santiago, Chile (exchange).
Potter, F. C., Chicago: 1 leech, 1
dragon fly—Minnesota (gift).
Psota, Dr. FRANK J., Chicago: 6
damsel flies—Mindanao, Philippine Is-
lands; 3 scorpions, 1 mantis—Laredo,
Texas (gift).
REED, Mrs. C. J., Oak Park, Illinois:
1 yellow-bellied flycatcher—Oak Park,
Illinois (gift).
ROMANO, WILLIAM, Chicago: 7 in-
sects—Osage City, Missouri (gift).
202 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
SANBORN, COLIN C., Highland Park,
Illinois: 18 snakes—Braeside, Illinois;
18 mammals, 4 birds, 1 salamander, 4
frogs, 2 snakes—Missouri (gift).
SASKO, V.S., Chicago: 3 beetles—Sul-
phur Springs, Utah (gift).
ScHMIDT, F. J. W., Madison, Wiscon-
sin: 1 flying squirrel, 1 prairie mole, 2
fox snakes, 1 painted turtle— Wisconsin
(gift).
ScHMIDT, JOHN M., Homewood, Illi-
nois: 9 snakes, 1 soft-shelled turtle—
Wisconsin (gift).
ScHMIDT, KARL P., Homewood, IIli-
nois: 1 red-backed salamander, 11
northern skinks—Wisconsin; 1 frog—
Porto Rico (gift).
SCHNEIRLA, Dr. T. C., New York:
244 ants—North America (exchange).
SENCKENBERG MusEuM, Frankfort-
on-the-Main, Germany: 1 limbless lizard
—West Madagascar (exchange).
SETON, Mrs. GRACE THOMPSON,
Greenwich, Connecticut: 54 bats, 3
tailless whip-scorpions—Philippine Is-
lands (gift).
SHEDD, JOHN G., AQUARIUM, Chicago:
1 Florida manatee—Florida; 9 turtles—
White River, Arkansas; 4 electric eels—
South America; 1 tree frog, 1 geographic
turtle, 1 marine iguana, 72 fishes—
Various localities; 15 crustaceans—
Arkansas (gift).
SmitH, Hospart M., Manhattan,
Kansas: 15 lizards—Oklahoma, Texas
and New Mexico (gift).
STEPHEN, JOHN L., Chicago: 1 grass-
hopper—Florida (gift).
STEVENS, GEORGE M., Marcella,
Arkansas: 1 giant snapping turtle—
White River, Arkansas (gift).
SvVIHLA, Dr. ARTHUR, Pullman, Wash-
ington: 4 rodent skins and skulls—
Whitman County, Washington (ex-
change).
SwANk, R. C., Chicago: 1 hornet’s
nest—Saginaw, Missouri (gift).
Topp, J. D., Chicago: 2 spiders, 1
sphinx moth—Chicago (gift).
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA, Norman,
Oklahoma: 1 salamander, 4 toads, 6
frogs, 7 snakes, 11 turtles—Oklahoma
and Colorado (exchange).
WALTERS, LEON L., Chicago: 3 snakes
—North Dakota; 4 ticks—Komodo Is-
land, Dutch East Indies (gift).
WALTERS, CAPTAIN R. J., Miami,
Florida: 2 fishes—Florida (gift).
WASSON, THERON, Chicago: 1 bird-
skin—Ecuador (gift).
WEBER, WALTER A., Evanston, Illi-
nois: 10 mammal skins and skulls—
Nebraska and Canada (exchange); 2
birds—Babcock, Wisconsin; 1 sala-
mander, 25 frogs and toads, 1 lizard, 5
snakes—Montana and British Columbia
(gift).
WEED, ALFRED C., Chicago: 7 snakes
—Chicago (gift).
WHITE, CAPTAIN HAROLD A., New
York: 33 negatives of antelopes (gift).
WHuiITson, T. M., Park Ridge, Illinois:
1 green snake—Illinois (gift).
Winpsor, A. S., Chicago: 48 sala-
manders, 2 snakes—Tennessee (gift).
Wo.cott, A. B., Downers Grove,
Illinois: 1 spider, 46 insects—lIllinois
(gift).
WONDER, FRANK C., Chicago: 1 red
bat—Chicago; 3 mammal skulls, 3
mammal skeletons, 15 mammal skins
and skulls — North Carolina and Ten-
nessee; 18 salamanders—North Caro-
lina (gift).
WURMBRAND, COUNT DEGENHARD,
Vienna, Austria: 1 mounted capercaillie
—aAustria (gift).
Wricut, C. IRVING, Pirates’ Cove
Fishing Camp, Florida: 1 large tarpon
—Florida (gift).
WRIGHT, THURSTON, Birmingham,
Alabama: 1 pine warbler—Alabama
(gift).
ZINGG, RoBERT M., Chicago: 28
mammal skins and skulls, 26 birds, 3
frogs and toads, 42 lizards, 15 snakes—
Chihuahua, Mexico (gift).
RAYMOND FOUNDATION
ATLAS CEMENT COMPANY, Chicago,
Illinois: 2 motion picture reels, From
Mountain to Cement Sack (gift).
FIELD, Mrs. MARSHALL, New York:
rat feet of 16 mm. film on Africa
gift).
JAN. 1932
FieLD, HENRY, Chicago, Illinois: 80
Near East stereopticon slides (gift).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
From Division of Photography: 208
stereopticon slides for extension lectures;
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
203
14 negatives for extension lectures; 33
prints for files.
WHITE, CAPTAIN HAROLD A., New
York: 2 reels and 2 negatives of African
Animals (gift).
DIVISION OF PHOTOGRAPHY
AUCKLAND INSTITUTE AND MUSEUM,
Auckland, New Zealand: 9 photographs
of Maori types (exchange).
Dickson, Dr. Don F., Lewistown,
Illinois: 6 photographs of Dickson
Mound burials (gift).
FIELD, HENRY, Chicago: 9 portraits
and group pictures of natives—Kish,
Trak (gift).
FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY:
Made by Division of Photography:
25,284 prints, 3,210 negatives, 401
stereopticon slides, 244 enlargements
and 21 transparent labels.
Developed for expeditions: 207 nega-
tives.
Made by Dr. Paul S. Martin: 100
negatives of Lowry ruin, Colorado.
Made by J. Eric Thompson: 223
negatives of natives and general views
in Guatemala and British Honduras.
Purchases: 30 photographs of types
of Australian aborigines, from Captain
Kilroy Harris; 130 negatives of natives
of central and eastern Europe, from
the Anthropological Institute, Vienna.
LIBRARY
LIST OF DONORS AND EXCHANGES
(Accessions are by exchange, unless otherwise designated)
FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS
AFRICA
Albany Museum, Grahamstown.
Botanical Survey of South Africa,
Pretoria.
Durban Museum, Durban.
East Africa and Uganda Natural
History Society, Nairobi.
Exploration Society of Egypt, Cairo.
Geological Society, Johannesburg.
Institut d’Egypte, Cairo.
Ministry of Public Works, Cairo.
Nasionale Museum, Bloemfontein.
Natal Museum, Pietermaritzburg.
Rhodesia Museum, Bulawayo.
Royal Society of South Africa, Cape
Town.
Scientific Association of Rhodesia,
Bulawayo.
Société d’Histoire Naturelle de |’Af-
rique du Nord, Algiers.
Société de Géographie d’Alger, Algiers.
Société des Sciences Naturelles du
Maroc, Rabat.
South African Botanical Survey,
Pretoria.
South African Geological Survey,
Johannesburg.
South African Museum, Cape Town.
Station Océanographique, Salammbo.
Transvaal Museum, Pretoria.
University of Stellenbosch, Stellen-
osch.
University of Witwatersrand, Johan-
nesburg.
ARGENTINA
Ministerio de Agricultura, Buenos
Aires.
Museo de La Plata, La Plata.
Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
“Bernardino Rivadavia,” Buenos Aires.
Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias
Naturales, Buenos Aires.
Sociedad Ornitolégica del
Buenos Aires.
Sociedad Physis, Buenos Aires.
Universidad Nacional, Buenos Aires.
Universidad Nacional de Tucum4n,
Tucuman.
Plata,
204 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REporTS, VOL. IX
AUSTRALIA
Australian Museum, Sydney.
Botanic Garden of Adelaide, Adelaide.
Botanic Gardens and Government
Domains, Sydney.
Commonwealth of Australia,
bourne.
Council for Scientific and Industrial
Research, Melbourne.
Department of Agriculture, Adelaide.
Department of Agriculture, Brisbane.
Department of Agriculture, Hobart.
Department of Agriculture, Perth.
Department of Agriculture, Sydney.
Department of Agriculture, Welling-
ton.
Department of Fisheries, Sydney.
Department of Mines, Brisbane.
Department of Mines, Sydney.
Field Naturalists’ Club, Brisbane.
Field Naturalists’ Club, Melbourne.
Forestry Commission, Sydney (gift).
Geological Survey, Perth.
Geological Survey of New South
Wales, Sydney.
Great Barrier Reef Committee, Bris-
bane (gift).
Linnean Society of New South Wales,
Sydney.
Melbourne University, Melbourne.
Ornithological Society of South Aus-
tralia, Adelaide.
Public Library, Museum and Art
Gallery, Adelaide.
Public Library, Museum and Art
Gallery, Melbourne.
Queensland State Forest Service,
Brisbane (gift).
Royal Geographical Society of Aus-
tralasia, South Australian Branch, Ade-
laide.
Royal Society of New South Wales,
Sydney.
Royal Society of South Australia,
Adelaide.
Royal Society of Tasmania, Hobart.
Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne.
Royal Society of Western Australia,
Perth.
Royal Zoological and Acclimatization
Society, Melbourne.
Royal Zoological Society of New
South Wales, Sydney.
Mel-
South Australian Museum, Adelaide.
Technological Museum, Sydney.
AUSTRIA
Akademie der Wissenschaften,
Vienna.
Anthropos Administration, Vienna.
Landesamt fiir Fremdenverkehr,
Karnten.
Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna.
Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein fiir
Steiermark, Graz.
Universitat, Vienna.
Verein der Freunde Asiatischer Kunst
und Kultur, Vienna.
Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft,
Vienna.
Zoologisches Institut, Graz.
BELGIUM
peaceme Royale des Sciences, Brus-
sels.
Direction d’Agriculture, Brussels.
Pali Botanique Léo Errera, Brus-
sels.
Institut des Colonies, Brussels.
Instituts Solvay, Brussels.
Jardin Botanique de |’Etat, Brussels.
Musée du Congo, Brussels.
Musée Royale d’Histoire Naturelle de
Belgique, Brussels.
Musées Royaux du Cinquantenaire,
Brussels.
Nederlandsch Phytopathologische
(Plantenziekten) Vereenigen, Ghent.
Office International pour la Protec-
tion de la Nature, Brussels.
Société Belge de Géologie, Brussels.
Société de Botanique, Brussels.
Société Ornithologique Belge, Lou-
vain.
esis Royale d’Archéologie, Brus-
sels.
Société Royale des Sciences, Liége.
Université de Louvain, Louvain.
BORNEO
Sarawak Museum, Sarawak.
BRAZIL
Academia Brasileira de Sciencias, Rio
de Janeiro.
Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro.
Instituto de Butantun, Sao Paulo.
JAN. 1982
Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de
Janeiro.
Museo Nacional, Rio de Janeiro.
Museu Paulista, SAo Paulo.
Secretaria de Agricultura, Comercio e
Obras Publicas, Sao Paulo.
Servico Geologico e Mineralogico, Rio
de Janeiro.
BRITISH GUIANA
Board of Agriculture, Georgetown.
BRITISH WEST INDIES
Department of Agriculture, Bridge-
town, Barbados.
Trinidad and Tobago Department of
Agriculture, Port of Spain, Trinidad.
CANADA
Art, Historical and Scientific Associa-
tion, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Canadian Mining Journal, Garden-
vale, Quebec (gift).
Department of Agriculture, Ottawa,
Ontario.
Department of Agriculture, Victoria,
British Columbia.
Department of Mines, Ottawa, On-
tario.
Department of Mines, Toronto, On-
tario.
Department of the Interior, Geolog-
ical Survey, Ottawa, Ontario.
Entomological Society of Ontario,
Toronto, Ontario.
4 McGill University, Montreal, Que-
ec.
Museum of Zoology, Ottawa, On-
tario.
National Museum, Ottawa, Ontario.
Nova Scotian Institute of Natural
Sciences, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia.
Provincial Museum, Regina, Sas-
katchewan.
Provincial Museum, Toronto, On-
tario.
Provincial Museum, Victoria, British
Columbia.
Royal Canadian Institute, Toronto,
Ontario.
Royal Society of Canada, Ottawa,
Ontario.
Société de Géographie, Quebec, Que-
ec.
Université de Montreal, Montreal,
Quebec.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
205
Université Laval, Quebec, Quebec.
University of Toronto, Toronto, On-
tario.
CENTRAL AMERICA
Museo Nacional, San José, Costa
Rica.
CEYLON
Colombo Museum, Colombo.
Department of Agriculture, Colombo.
CHILE
Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago.
Museo Historico Nacional de Chile,
Santiago.
Museo Nacional, Santiago.
Revista de Bibliografia, Santiago.
Sociedad de Biologia de Concepcion,
Concepci6on.
CHINA
Botanical and Forestry Department,
Hong Kong.
Bureau of Entomology of Chekiang
Province, Hangchow (gift).
Fan Memorial Institute of Biology,
Peiping.
Fukien Christian University, Foo-
chow.
Geological Society, Peiping.
Geological Survey, Peiping.
Geological Survey of Kwangtung and
Kwangsi, Canton.
Hong Kong Naturalist, Hong Kong.
Lingnan University, Canton.
Metropolitan Museum of Natural
History, Nanking.
Nanking University, Nanking.
National Library, Peiping.
National Research Institute, Shang-
ai.
Science Society of China, Shanghai.
Society of Natural History, Peiping.
Sun Yatsen University, College of
Agriculture, Botanical Institute, Can-
ton.
University of Nanking, Nanking.
Yenching University, Peiping.
COLOMBIA
Ministerio de Industrias, Bogota.
Sociedad Colombiana de Ciencias
Naturales, Bogota.
206 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
CUBA
Academia Nacional de Artes y Letras,
Havana.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Académie Tchéque des
Prague.
Deutscher Naturwissenschaftlich—
Medizinischer Verein fiir Béhmen
“Lotos,”’ Prague.
Karlova Universita, Prague.
Narodniho Musea, Prague.
Societas Entomologicae, Warsaw.
Société Royale des Sciences de
Bohéme, Prague.
DENMARK
Botaniske Have, Copenhagen.
Danish Expedition to Arctic—Fifth
Thule Expedition, Copenhagen.
Dansk Botanisk Forening, Copen-
hagen.
Dansk Geologisk Forening, Copen-
hagen.
Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, Co-
penhagen.
Dansk Ornithologisk Forening, Co-
penhagen.
Kommission for Videnskabelige Un-
dersggelser i Grénland, Copenhagen.
Universitet-Zoologiske Museum,
Copenhagen.
ECUADOR
Academia Nacional de
Quito.
FEDERATED MALAY STATES
Botanie Gardens, Singapore.
Department of Agriculture, Kuala
Lumpur.
Federated Malay States Museum,
Kuala Lumpur.
Malayan Agricultural Society, Kuala
Lumpur.
Raffles Museum, Singapore.
Royal Asiatic Society, Malayan
Branch, Singapore.
Straits Settlements Botanic Garden,
Singapore.
FIJI ISLANDS
Department of Agriculture, Suva.
FINLAND
_Finska Fornminnesféreningen, Hel-
singfors.
Sciences,
Historia,
Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica,
Helsingfors.
Suomen Museo, Helsingfors.
FRANCE
Académie des Sciences, Paris.
Ecole d’Anthropologie, Paris.
Musée Guimet, Paris.
Musée d’Histoire Naturelle,
seilles.
Muséum National d’Histoire Natu-
relle, Paris.
Nature, Paris.
Salgues Muséum, Brignolles.
Société Botanique de France, Paris.
Société Dauphinoise d’Ethnologie et
d’Anthropologie, Grenoble.
Société d’Agriculture,
Arts, Angers.
Société d’Histoire Naturelle d’Arden-
nes, Ardennes.
Société d’Histoire Naturelle, Tou-
louse.
Société de Géographie, Paris.
Société des Américanistes, Paris.
Société Géologique du Nord, Lille.
Société Linnéenne, Bordeaux.
Société Nationale d’Acclimatation de
France, Paris.
Société Nationale d’Horticulture de
France, Paris.
Société Scientifique du Bourbonnais
et du Centre de France, Moulins.
Société Zoologique de France, Paris.
Université de Montpellier, Montpel-
lier.
GERMANY
Akademie der Wissenschaften, Hei-
delberg.
_ Akademie der Wissenschaften, Leip-
zig.
Bayerische Akademie der Wissen-
schaften, Munich.
Bayerische Botanische Gesellschaft,
Munich.
Bayerische Ornithologische Gesell-
schaft, Munich.
Botanischer Garten und Botanisches
Museum, Berlin.
Botanischer Verein der Provinz Bran-
denburg, Berlin.
Deutsche Dendrologische Gesell-
schaft, Thyrow.
Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft,
Berlin.
Mar-
Sciences et
JAN. 1932
Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Saugetier-
kunde, Berlin.
Deutsche Morgenlandische Gesell-
schaft, Leipzig.
Deutscher Seefischerei Verein, Berlin.
‘ Friedrich Wilhelms Universitat, Ber-
in.
Geographische Gesellschaft, Munich.
Georg-August-Universitat, G6éttin-
gen.
Gesellschaft fiir Erdkunde, Berlin.
Gesellschaft fiir Erdkunde, Leipzig.
Gesellschaft Naturforschender
Freunde, Berlin.
Gesellschaft zur Befdérderung der
gesamten Naturwissenschaften, Mar-
burg.
Hamburgische Universitat, Hamburg.
Hessische Geologische Landesanstalt,
Darmstadt.
Hessische Ludwigs Universitat, Gies-
sen.
Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Berlin.
Museum fiir Mineralogie, Geologie
und Vorgeschichte, Dresden.
Museum fiir Tierkunde und V6lker-
kunde, Dresden.
Museum fiir Vélkerkunde, Berlin.
Museum fiir Voélkerkunde, Hamburg.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Frei-
burg.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Gorlitz.
Naturhistorische Gesellschaft, Han-
over.
Naturhistorischer Verein der Preus-
sischen Rheinlande und Westfalens,
Bonn.
Naturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft,
Chemnitz.
Naturwissenschaftlicher Verein, Bre-
men.
Naturwissenschaftlicher
Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel.
Preussische Akademie der Wissen-
schaften, Berlin.
Preussische Stadtsbibliothek, Berlin.
Schlesische Gesellschaft fiir Vater-
land, Breslau.
Senckenbergische Naturforschende
Gesellschaft, Frankfort-on-the-Main.
Universitits Bibliothek, Berlin.
Universitits Bibliothek, Hamburg.
Universitats Bibliothek, Heidelberg.
Universitits Bibliothek, Marburg.
Universitats Bibliothek, Tiibingen.
Verein,
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
207
Verein fiir Erdkunde, Leipzig.
Verein fiir Vaterlandische Natur-
kunde, Wiirttemberg.
Verein fiir Volkskunde, Berlin.
Verwaltung der Staat Sammlungen
fiir Kunst und Wissenschaft, Dresden.
Zoologisches Museum, Berlin.
Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg.
GREAT BRITAIN
Agricultural Experiment
Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford.
Ashmolean Natural History Society,
Oxford.
Birmingham Natural History and
Philosophical Society, Birmingham.
Brighton and Hove Natural History
and Philosophical Society, Brighton.
Bristol Museum, Bristol.
British Library of Political Science,
London.
British Museum, London.
British Museum (Natural History),
London.
Cambridge Antiquarian Society,
Cambridge.
Cambridge
Cambridge.
Cambridge University, Cambridge.
Dove Marine Laboratory, Culler-
coats.
Fisheries Board, Edinburgh.
Geological Society, Liverpool.
Geological Survey of England and
Wales, London.
Geological Survey of Scotland, Edin-
burgh.
Geologists’ Association, London.
Hull Museum, Hull.
Japan Society of London, London.
Lancashire Sea Fisheries Laboratory,
Liverpool.
Leicester Museum, Art Gallery and
Library, Leicester.
Linnean Society, London.
Liverpool Biological Society, Liver-
pool.
Manchester Literary and Philosoph-
ical Society, Manchester.
Manchester Museum, Manchester.
Marine Biological Association, Ply-
mouth.
Marine Biological Station, Liverpool.
Station,
Philosophical Society,
208 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
National Indian Association, London.
National Library of Wales, Aber-
ystwyth.
National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Natural History Society, Glasgow.
Natural History Society of Nor-
thumberland, Durham and Newcastle-
on-Tyne, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Naturalists’ Society, Cardiff.
Oriental Ceramic Society,
(gift).
Prehistoric Society of East Anglia,
Ipswich.
Royal Anthropological Institute of
Great Britain and Ireland, London.
Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain
and Ireland, London.
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Royal Colonial Institute, London.
Royal Geographical Society, London.
Royal Horticultural Society, London.
Royal Society, London.
Royal Society of Arts, London.
Royal Society of Edinburgh, Edin-
burgh.
School of Oriental Studies, London.
Society of Antiquaries, Edinburgh.
Society of Antiquaries, London.
South London Entomological and
Natural History Society, London.
Southeastern Agricultural College,
Wye.
Speleological Society, Bristol.
Tring Zoological Museum, Tring.
Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
Wellcome Research Laboratories,
London.
Zoological Society, London.
GUATEMALA
Sociedad de Geografia e Historia,
Guatemala.
HUNGARY
Magyar Természettudomanyi Ta4r-
sulat, Budapest.
Musée National e Hongrois, Buda-
pest.
INDIA
Anthropological Society, Bombay.
: ri Department, Hydera-
ad.
Archaeological Survey, Calcutta.
London
Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta.
Bihar and Orissa Research Society,
Patna.
Botanical Survey, Calcutta.
Department of Agriculture, Bombay.
Department of Agriculture, Madras.
Geological, Mining and Metallurgical
Society of India, Calcutta.
Geological Survey, Calcutta.
Government Museum, Madras.
Imperial Institute of Agriculture,
Pusa.
Indian Botanical Society, Calcutta.
Indian Museum, Calcutta.
Mining and Geological Institute of
India, Calcutta.
Prince of Wales Museum of West
India, Bombay.
_ Ryojun College of Engineering, Ryo-
jun.
University of Calcutta, Calcutta.
Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta.
IRELAND
Belfast Natural History and Philo-
sophical Society, Belfast.
Belfast Naturalists’ Field Club, Bel-
fast.
National Museum, Dublin.
Queen’s University, Department of
Botany, Belfast (gift).
Royal Irish Academy, Dublin.
Royal Society, Dublin.
Trinity College Library, Dublin.
University of Dublin, Dublin.
ITALY
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale,
Genoa.
R. Accademia delle Scienze, Naples.
R. Accademia delle Scienze, Turin.
R. Accademia d’Italia, Rome.
R. Accademia Nazionale del Lincei,
Rome.
R. Orto Botanico Giardino Coloniale,
Palermo.
R. Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura,
Portici.
R. Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome.
Societa Botanica Italiana, Florence.
Societa dei Naturalisti, Naples.
Societa Italiana d’Antropologia e
Etnologia, Florence.
JAN. 1932
Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali,
Milan.
Societa Reale di Napoli, Naples.
Societa Romana d’Antropologia,
Rome.
Societa Toscana di Scienze Naturali,
Pisa.
Universita, Genoa.
Universita di Napoli, Museo Zoolo-
gico, Naples.
JAPAN
Biogeographical Society, Tokyo.
Department of Agriculture of For-
mosa, Taihoku.
Deutsche Gesellschaft fiir Natur- und
Volkerkunde Ostasiens, Tokyo.
Government Research Institute, Tai-
hoku, Formosa.
Hiroshima University, Hiroshima
(gift).
Hokkaido Imperial University, Sap-
poro.
Imperial Academy of Tokyo, Tokyo.
Imperial Agricultural Experiment
Station, Nishigaha, Tokyo (gift).
Imperial Geological Society, Tokyo.
Imperial Geological Survey, Tokyo.
Imperial Household Museums, Tokyo.
Imperial University, Kyoto.
Imperial University, Tokyo.
Kyushu University, Fukuoka (gift).
Miyazaki Imperial College of Agri-
culture and Forestry, Miyazaki.
Museum Work Promotion Associa-
tion, Tokyo.
National Research Council, Tokyo.
Ornithological Society, Tokyo.
Tohoku Imperial University, Sendai.
Tokyo Botanical Society, Tokyo.
Tottori Agricultural College, Tottori.
JAVA
Bataviaasch Genootschap en Recht-
shoogeschool, Weltevreden.
Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kun-
sten en Wetenschappen, Batavia.
Department of Agriculture, Buiten-
zorg.
Jardin Botanique, Weltevreden.
Java Institute, Weltevreden.
K. Natuurkundige Vereeniging in
Nederlandsch-Indie, Weltevreden.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
209
MEXICO
Instituto de Biologia, Mexico.
‘ Instituto Geologico de Mexico, Mex-
ico.
Museo Nacional de Arqueologia, His-
toria y Etnologia, Mexico.
Secretaria de Educacion Publica,
Mexico.
Sociedad Cientifica “‘Antonio Alzate,”’
Mexico.
Sociedad Cooperativa Limitada Pro-
cultura Regional, Mazatlan (gift).
Sociedad de Antropologia y Etno-
logia, Mexico.
Sociedad de Geografia y Estadistica,
Mexico.
Sociedad Forestal de Mexico, Mexico.
NETHERLANDS
Koloniaal Instituut, Amsterdam.
K. Instituut voor de Taal-Land-en
Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch Indie,
The Hague.
K. Nederlandsch Aardrijkundig Gen-
ootschap, Amsterdam.
Landbouwhoogerschool, Wageningen.
Nederlandsch Vogelkundigen Club,
Leiden.
Nederlandsche Dierkunde Vereeni-
ging, Helder.
Nederlandsche Ornithologische Ver-
eeniging, Utrecht. _
Nederlandsche Plantenziekten-
kundige Vereeniging, Wageningen.
3 Rijks Ethnographisch Museum, Lei-
en.
Rijks Geologisch-Mineralogisch Mu-
seum, Leiden.
Rijks Herbarium, Leiden.
Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke His-
torie, Leiden.
Rijks Universiteit, Leiden.
NEW ZEALAND
Auckland Institute and Museum,
Wellington.
Canterbury Museum, Christchurch.
Cawthron Institute, Nelson.
Department of Agriculture, Welling-
ton.
Department of Mines,
Survey, Wellington.
New Zealand Institute, Wellington.
Otago Museum, Dunedin.
Geological
210 FIELD MusEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Wanganui Public Museum, Wanga-
nui.
NORWAY
Bergen Museum, Bergen.
Norges Geologiske Unders¢kelse, Oslo.
Norges Svalbard og Ishavs Under-
sékelse, Oslo.
Norsk Geologisk Forening, Oslo.
Norsk Ornithologisk Forening, Oslo.
Norske Geografiske Selskab, Oslo.
Norske Videnskapsakademi, Oslo.
Nyt Magazin for Naturvidenskaberne,
Oslo.
Tromso Museum, Tromso.
Zoologiske Museum, Oslo.
PALESTINE
Institute of Agriculture and Natural
History, Tel-Aviv.
Institutum Historiae Naturalis, Jeru-
salem.
Jewish National and University Li-
brary, Jerusalem.
PANAMA
Canal Zone Plant Introduction Gar-
dens, Panama (gift).
PERU
Archivo Nacional, Lima.
Instituto Historico, Lima.
Sociedad Geolégica del Peru, Lima.
Universidad, Cuzco.
POLAND
Académie Polonaise des Sciences et
des Arts, Cracow.
Musei Polonici Historiae Naturali,
Warsaw.
Musei Zoologici Polonici, Warsaw.
Panstwowego Muzeum Archeolo-
gicznego, Warsaw.
Société Botanique de Pologne, War-
saw.
Uniwersytet Poznanski, Posen.
Uniwersytet Warszawski, Warsaw.
PORTUGAL
Academia das Sciencias, Lisbon.
Instituto Superior de Commércio,
Lisbon (gift).
Société Portuguaise des Sciences
Naturelles, Lisbon.
Universidade de Coimbra, Museu
Zoologico, Coimbra.
ROUMANIA
Jardin et Musée Botaniques, Cluj.
Université de Jassy, Jassy.
SPAIN
Junta para Amplicacién de Estudios
e Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid.
R. Academia de Ciencias, Madrid.
Sociedad Espafiola de Antropologia,
Etnografia y Prehistoria, Madrid.
Sociedad Espafiola de Historia
Natural, Madrid.
SWEDEN
Generalstabens Litografiska Anstalt,
Stockholm.
Goteborgs Botaniska Tradgrad, Géte-
borg.
Géteborgs Museum, Géteborg.
K. Biblioteket, Stockholm.
K. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien,
Stockholm.
K. Universitet, Upsala.
K. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Sam-
halle, Goteborg.
K. Vitterhets-, Historie- och Antik-
vitetsakademien, Stockholm.
Svenska Sellskapet for Antropologi
och Geografi, Stockholm.
SWITZERLAND
Botanisches Museum, Ziirich.
Geographisch-Ethnographische
Gesellschaft, Ziirich.
Kantonale Universitat, Bern.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Basel.
Naturforschende Gesellschaft, Ziirich.
Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel.
Schweizerische Entomologische
Gesellschaft, Bern.
Schweizerische Gesellschaft fiir Volks-
kunde, Basel.
Société de Physique et d’Histoire
Naturelle, Geneva.
Société Fribourgeoise des Sciences
Naturelles, Fribourg.
Société Helvétique
Naturelles, St. Gall.
Société Neuchateloise de Géographie,
Neuchatel.
Société Zoologique, Geneva.
des Sciences
JAN. 1932
UNION OF SOCIALISTIC
SOVIET REPUBLICS
Abhasian Scientific Society, Suchum.
Académie des Sciences, Leningrad.
Botanical Garden, Leningrad.
Eesti Rahva Museum, Tartu.
Institut des Recherches, Voronez.
Institute for Plant Protection, Len-
ingrad.
Institute of Applied Mineralogy and
Petrography, Moscow.
Société des Naturalistes, Leningrad.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
211
Société Russe de Géographie, Len-
ingrad.
Université de l’Asie Centrale, Tash-
kent.
URUGUAY
Instituto de Geologia y Perferaciones,
Montevideo.
Jardin Botanico, Montevideo (gift).
VENEZUELA
Cultura Venezolana, Caracas.
DOMESTIC INSTITUTIONS
ARIZONA
Arizona Museum, Phoenix.
Arizona University, Tucson.
ARKANSAS
BaD Geological Survey, Little Rock
ift).
CALIFORNIA
Balboa Park Museum, San Diego.
California Academy of Sciences, San
Francisco.
Cooper Ornithological Club, Holly-
wood.
County Free Library, Los Angeles.
Department of Agriculture, Sacra-
mento (gift).
Fish and Game Commission, Sacra-
mento.
Henry E. Huntington Library and
Art Gallery, San Marino (gift).
Natural History Museum, San Diego.
Pomona College, Claremont.
ee Public Library, Riverside
ift).
San Diego Zoological Society, San
Diego.
Santa Barbara Museum, Santa Bar-
bara.
Scripps Institution of Biological Re-
search, La Jolla.
Society of Natural History,
Diego.
Southern California Academy of
Sciences, Los Angeles.
Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.
Stanford University, Stanford.
State Mining Bureau, Sacramento.
University of California, Berkeley.
San
University of Southern California,
Los Angeles.
COLORADO
Agricultural Experiment Station, Fort
Collins.
Bureau of Mines, Denver.
Colorado College, Colorado Springs.
Colorado Scientifie Society, Denver.
Denver Art Museum, Denver‘ (gift).
Museum of Natural History, Denver.
CONNECTICUT
Agricultural Experiment Station, New
Haven.
American Oriental
Haven.
Children’s Museum, Hartford (gift).
Connecticut Academy of Arts and
Sciences, New Haven.
Hartford Public Library, Hartford.
Osborn Botanical Laboratory, New
Haven.
State Board of Fisheries and Game,
Hartford.
State Geological and Natural History
Survey, Hartford.
Yale University, New Haven.
FLORIDA
State Geological Survey, Tallahassee.
University of Florida, Gainesville.
GEORGIA
Geological Survey, Atlanta.
HAWAII
Experiment
Society, New
Agricultural
Station,
Honolulu.
212 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. 1X
Bernice Pauahi
Honolulu.
Board of Commissioners, Honolulu.
Hawaiian Entomological Society,
Honolulu (gift).
Hawaiian Historical Society, Hono-
lulu.
Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association
Experiment Station, Honolulu.
Bishop Museum,
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory,
Honolulu.
University of Hawaii, Honolulu.
IDAHO
Inspector of Mines, Boise.
State Historical Society, Boise.
University of Idaho, Moscow.
ILLINOIS
Agricultural Experiment Station, Ur-
bana.
Armour Institute, Chicago.
Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago.
Avicultural Society of America, Chi-
cago.
Board of Education, Chicago.
Chicago Academy of Sciences, Chi-
cago.
Chicago Association of Commerce,
Chicago (gift).
Chicago Public Library, Chicago.
Chicago Zoological Society, Brook-
field (gift).
General Biological Supply House,
Chicago (gift).
Hardwood Record, Chicago (gift).
Illinois Bell Telephone Company,
Chicago (gift).
Inland Printer, Chicago (gift).
Izaak Walton League of America,
Chicago (gift).
John Crerar Library, Chicago.
Lewis Institute, Chicago.
Morton Arboretum, Lisle.
Museum of Science and Industry,
Chicago.
National College of Education,
Evanston (gift).
Newberry Library, Chicago.
Northwestern University, Evanston.
Open Court Publishing Company,
Chicago.
State Geological Survey, Springfield.
State Historical Library, Springfield.
State Water Survey, Urbana.
Union League Club, Chicago (gift).
University of Chicago, Chicago.
University of Illinois, Urbana.
Wesleyan University, Bloomington.
INDIANA
Academy of Sciences, Indianapolis.
Butler University, Indianapolis.
Indiana Department of Conservation,
Indianapolis.
Indiana University, Bloomington.
John Herron Art Institute, Indian-
apolis.
Purdue University, Lafayette.
University of Notre Dame, Notre
Dame.
IOWA
Historical, Memorial and Art Depart-
ment, Des Moines.
Iowa Academy of Science, Des
Moines.
Iowa Horticultural Society, Des
Moines.
University of Iowa, Iowa City.
KANSAS
Academy of Science, Topeka.
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Manhattan (gift).
State Board of Agriculture, Lawrence.
State Historical Society, Topeka.
University of Kansas, Lawrence.
KENTUCKY
Williams Natural History Society,
Covington.
LOUISIANA
Department of Conservation, Baton
Rouge.
Howard Memorial Library,
Orleans.
Louisiana State University, Baton
Rouge (gift).
Tulane University, New Orleans.
MAINE
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Orono.
Bowdoin College, Brunswick.
MARYLAND
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore.
Maryland Institute, Baltimore.
New
JAN. 1932
MASSACHUSETTS
Agricultural Experiment Station,
erst.
American Academy of Arts and
Sciences, Boston.
American Antiquarian Society,
Worcester.
Boston Public Library, Boston.
Boston Society of Natural History,
Boston.
Children’s Museum, Boston (gift).
Clark University, Worcester.
Essex Institute, Salem.
Harvard College, Museum of Com-
parative Zoology, Cambridge.
Harvard University, Arnold Arbore-
tum, Jamaica Plain.
Harvard University, Gray Herba-
rium, Cambridge.
Horticultural Society, Boston.
Marine Biological Laboratory,
Wood’s Hole.
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
New Bedford Public Library, New
Bedford.
Peabody Museum, Cambridge.
Springfield City Library Association,
Springfield.
Williams College, Williamstown.
Worcester County Horticultural
Society, Worcester.
MICHIGAN
Academy of Science, Arts and Letters,
Ann Arbor.
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Agricultural College.
College of Mines, Houghton.
Cranbrook Institute of Science,
Bloomfield Hills (gift).
Detroit Institute of Art, Detroit.
Edward K. Warren Foundation,
Three Oaks.
Grand Rapids Public Library, Grand
Rapids.
Michigan State Library, Lansing.
State Board of Agriculture, Lansing.
State Board of Library Commission,
Lansing.
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
MINNESOTA
Agricultural Experiment Station,
University Farm.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
213
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minne-
apolis.
Minnesota Historical Society, St.
Paul
University of Minnesota, St. Paul.
MISSISSIPPI
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Agricultural College.
Mississippi Plant Board, Agricultural
College.
State Geological Survey,
(gift).
MISSOURI
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Columbia.
City Art Museum, St. Louis.
Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
Me Missouri Historical Society, Colum-
ia.
St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis.
St. Louis University, St. Louis.
University of Missouri, Columbia.
Washington University, St. Louis.
MONTANA
State Bureau of Mines and Geology,
Butte (gift).
State University, Missoula.
NEBRASKA
Omaha Public Library, Omaha.
State University, Lincoln.
NEVADA
Nevada _ University, Agricultural Ex-
periment Station, Carson City.
NEW JERSEY
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Trenton.
Drew University, Madison (gift).
N ewark Museums Association, New-
ark.
Newark Public Library, Newark.
Princeton University, Princeton.
NEW MEXICO
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Santa Fe.
American School of Prehistoric Re-
search, Santa Fe.
Historical Society, Santa Fe.
New Mexico Museum, Santa Fe.
Jaekson
214 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
NEW YORK
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Geneva.
American Academy of Rome, New
York.
American Geographical Society, New
York.
American Museum of Natural His-
tory, New York.
American Polish Chamber of Com-
merce, New York (gift).
Amtorg Trading Corporation, New
York (gift).
Bingham Oceanographic Collection,
New York (gift).
Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn.
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and
Sciences, Brooklyn.
Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,
Buffalo.
Carnegie Corporation of New York
(gift).
Colgate and Company, New York
(gift).
College Art Association, New York
(gift).
Columbia University, New York.
Cornell University, Ithaca.
Drug Markets, New York (gift).
Eastman Kodak Company, Roches-
ter (gift).
Garden Club of America, New York
(gift).
General Society of Mechanics and
Tradesmen, New York (gift).
Institute of International Education,
New York (gift).
Japan Society, New York.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New
York.
Municipal Museum, Rochester.
New York Botanical Garden, New
York.
New York Historical Society, New
York.
New York State Library, Albany.
New York University, New York.
Oil and Fat Industries, New York
(gift).
Pratt Institute, New York.
Public Library, Brooklyn.
Public Library, New York.
Rochester Academy of Science,
Rochester.
Roerich Museum-—Himalayan
Research Institute, New York.
Soap, New York (gift).
South Manchuria Railway Company,
New York (gift).
Spice Mill, New York (gift).
State College of Forestry, Syracuse.
State Museum, Albany.
Staten Island Institute of Arts and
Sciences, New York.
Stone Publishing Company,
York (gift).
Syracuse University, Syracuse.
Taylor Instrument Companies,
Rochester (gift).
Tompkins-Kiel
New York (gift).
Union College, Schenectady (gift).
United Fruit Company, New York
(gift).
Vassar College, Poughkeepsie.
Yonkers Museum of Science and Art,
Yonkers (gift).
Zoological Society, New York.
NORTH CAROLINA
Department of Agriculture,
Raleigh.
Department of Conservation and
Industry, Raleigh (gift).
Duke University, Durham.
Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society,
Chapel Hill.
NORTH DAKOTA
State Historical Society, Bismarck.
OHIO
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Wooster.
i American Chemical Society, Colum-
us.
Cincinnati Museums Association,
Cincinnati.
Cincinnati Public Library, Cincin-
nati.
Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleve-
land.
Cleveland Museum of Natural His-
tory, Cleveland.
Cleveland Public Library, Cleveland.
Denison University, Granville.
General Electric Company, Cleve-
land (gift).
Geological Survey, Columbus (gift).
New
Marble Company,
JAN. 1932
Junior Society of Natural Sciences,
Cincinnati (gift).
Lloyd Library, Cincinnati.
Oberlin College, Oberlin.
Ohio Archaeological and Historical
Society, Columbus.
Ohio State Museum, Columbus.
Ohio State University, Columbus.
Proctor and Gamble Company, Cin-
cinnati (gift).
University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati.
Western Reserve University, Cleve-
land (gift).
Wilson Ornithological Club, Oberlin.
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma Academy of Sciences, Nor-
man.
Oklahoma Geological Survey, Nor-
man.
Oklahoma Historical Society, Okla-
homa City (gift).
University of Oklahoma, Norman.
OREGON
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Corvallis.
University of Oregon, Eugene.
PENNSYLVANIA
Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila-
delphia.
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Harrisburg.
American Philosophical Society,
Philadelphia.
Antivenin Institute of America, Phila-
delphia.
Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh.
Commercial Museum, Philadelphia.
Department of Agriculture, Harris-
burg.
Department of Forests and Waters,
Harrisburg.
Dropsie College, Philadelphia.
Engineers’ Society of Western Penn-
sylvania, Pittsburgh.
Erie Public Museum, Erie.
Franklin Institute, Philadelphia.
Lehigh University, South Bethlehem.
Library Company of Philadelphia,
Philadelphia.
Pennsylvania Museum and School of
Industrial Art, Philadelphia.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
215
Philadelphia College of Pharmacy,
Philadelphia.
Sullivant Moss Society, Pittsburgh.
Topographical and Geological Survey,
Harrisburg (gift).
University of Pennsylvania, Phila-
delphia.
University of Pennsylvania, Museum,
Philadelphia.
Wagner Free Institute of Science,
Philadelphia.
Wyoming Historical and Geological
Society, Wilkes-Barre.
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
Bureau of Education, Manila.
Bureau of Science, Manila.
Department of Agriculture and Nat-
ural Resources, Manila.
PORTO RICO
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Rio Piedras.
Department of Agriculture of Porto
Rico, San Juan.
RHODE ISLAND
Roger Williams Park Museum, Prov-
idence.
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston Museum, Charleston.
SOUTH DAKOTA
Black Hills Engineer, Rapid City
gift).
TENNESSEE
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Nashville.
Geological Survey, Nashville.
Tennessee Academy of Science, Nash-
ville.
TEXAS
Agricultural Experiment Station,
College Station.
Baylor University, Waco.
Houston Museum and Scientific
Society, Houston.
Museum Association, San Antonio
gift).
University of Texas, Austin.
UTAH
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Logan.
216 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
VERMONT
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Burlington.
VIRGINIA
State Library, Richmond.
Virginia Geological Survey,
lottesville.
WASHINGTON (State of):
Mountaineer Club, Seattle.
Puget Sound Biological Station,
Seattle.
Washington State College, Pullman.
Washington University, Seattle.
Washington University, Historical
Society, Seattle.
WASHINGTON, D.C.
American Association for the Ad-
vancement of Science.
American Association of Museums.
American Mining Congress.
Carnegie Institution of Washington
(gift).
Catholic Anthropological Conference.
Legacion de Guatemala.
Library of Congress.
National Academy of Science.
Char-
National Geographic Society (gift).
National Parks Bulletin.
National Research Council.
Pan-American Union.
Science Service.
Smithsonian Institution.
Tropical Plant Research Foundation.
United States Government.
United States National Museum.
WEST VIRGINIA
State Department of Agriculture,
Charleston.
West Virginia University, Morgan-
town.
WISCONSIN
Agricultural Experiment Station,
Madison.
Beloit College, Beloit.
Logan Museum, Beloit.
Public Museum of Milwaukee, Mil-
waukee.
State Horticultural Society, Madison.
University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Wisconsin Academy of Arts, Sciences
and Letters, Madison.
Wisconsin Archaeological Society,
Madison.
INDIVIDUALS
(Accessions are by gift unless otherwise designated)
Ackert, James E., Manhattan, Kan-
sas.
Adams, Charles C., Albany, New
York (exchange).
Allen, Glover M., Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts (exchange).
Ames, Oakes, Cambridge, Massachu-
setts.
Arthur, J. C., Lafayette, Indiana
(exchange).
Baerg, W. J., Fayetteville, Arkansas.
Barnes, R. Magoon, Lacon, Illinois.
Baschmakoff, Alexandre, Paris,
France.
Beaux, Oscar de, Geneva, Switzer-
land (exchange).
Blanchard, Frank N., Ann Arbor,
Michigan (exchange).
Brandstetter, Renward, Lucerne,
Switzerland (exchange).
Browning, William, Brooklyn, New
York.
Bychowska, Marta, Warsaw, Poland.
Carpenter, E. M., Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts.
Castellanos, Alfredo, Buenos Aires,
Argentina.
Cockerell, T. D. A., Boulder, Colorado
(exchange).
Collinge, Walter E., York, England
(exchange).
Colén, E. D., San Juan, Porto Rico.
Colyer, Sir Frank, London, England.
Cook, Harold J., Agate, Colorado.
Cook, Melville T., Rio Piedra, Porto
Rico (exchange).
Coolidge, Harold J., Jr., Cambridge,
Massachusetts.
Cornell, Margaret, Chicago.
Darlington, Henry Townsend, Lan-
sing, Michigan.
JAN. 1932
De Sushko, Alexander, Chicago.
Domin, Karel, Prague, Czechoslo-
vakia (exchange).
Du Mont, Philip A., Des Moines,
Iowa.
Eggleton,
Michigan.
Farwell, Oliver A., Detroit, Michigan.
Fernald, M. L., Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts (exchange).
Field, Henry, Chicago.
Field, Stanley, Chicago.
Fontana, Mario A., Montevideo,
Uruguay.
Friedlander and Son, Berlin, Ger-
many.
Fryxell, Fritiof M., Moline, Illinois.
Gainey, P. L., St. Louis, Missouri.
Garay, N., Panama.
Gates, Frank C., Manhattan, Kansas.
Gee, N. Gist, Shanghai, China (ex-
change).
Geiser, S. W., Dallas, Texas.
Gerhard, William J., Chicago.
Goldman, E. A., Washington, D.C.
(exchange).
Gordon, Myron, Ithaca, New York.
Gregg, Clifford C., Park Ridge, Illi-
nois.
Gregory, William K., New York (ex-
change).
Grinnell, Joseph, Berkeley, California
(exchange).
Gusinde, Martin, Vienna, Austria.
Haenisch, Erich, Leipzig, Germany.
Hawley, Florence M., Tucson, Ari-
zona.
Heck, Lutz, Berlin, Germany (ex-
change).
Hendry, G. W., Berkeley, California.
Hicken, C. M., Buenos Aires, Argen-
tina (exchange).
Hickman, Jennings R., Ann Arbor,
Michigan.
Hubbs, Carl L., Ann Arbor, Michigan
(exchange).
Hurley, Jorge, Belém-Para, Brazil
(exchange).
Jijon y Caamano, J., Quito, Ecuador.
Judd, Neil M., Washington, D.C.
(exchange).
Kelley, Harper, Paris, France.
Kempf, E. J., Wading River, New
York.
Frank E., Ann Arbor,
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
217
Kidder, Alfred Vincent, Andover,
Massachusetts.
Knowlton, Clarence Hinckley, Boston,
Massachusetts.
Kosaka, Hirosi, Fukuoka, Japan.
Krafft, C. F., Washington, D.C.
Krajewski, Franciszck, Warsaw, Po-
land.
Krenner, Josef, Budapest, Hungary.
Kurvabara, Yojiro, Matsue, Japan.
Langdon, Stephen, Oxford, England.
Laufer, Berthold, Chicago.
Lehmann, E., Giessen, Germany.
Leon, Hermano, Havana, Cuba.
Leung, George Kin, Shanghai, China.
Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien, Paris, France
(exchange).
Lewis, A. B., Chicago.
Lindblom, K. G., Stockholm.
Lindsey, Arthur W., Granville, Ohio.
Loénnberg, Einar, Stockholm, Sweden
(exchange).
Loo, C. T., Chicago.
Looser, G., Santiago, Chile.
Lowe, Charles W., Ottawa, Canada.
Lowe, Percy, London, England (ex-
change).
McIntosh, Arthur C., Rapid City,
South Dakota.
MeNair, James B., Chicago.
Maisch, Karl, Lima, Peru.
Meek, Alexander, Durham, England.
Mertens, Robert, Frankfort-on-the-
Main, Germany.
Meylan, O., Geneva, Switzerland.
Moir, J. Reid, Ipswich, England.
Moorehead, Warren, Andover, Massa-
chusetts (exchange).
Mori, Kinjiro, Tokyo, Japan.
Miiller, Lorenz, Munich, Germany
(exchange).
Neugebauer, Kazimierz, Warsaw, Po-
land.
Neumayer,—, Vienna, Austria.
Noguera, Eduardo, Mexico, Mexico.
Olson, Ronald L., New York.
Osborn, Henry Fairfield, New York
(exchange).
Osgood, Wilfred H., Chicago.
Outes, Felix F., Buenos Aires, Argen-
tina.
Peters, James L., Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts (exchange).
218 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Pittier, Henry, Caracas, Venezuela
(exchange).
Poole, Earl L., Reading, Pennsyl-
vania.
Psota, Frank J., Chicago.
Rawleigh, W. T., Freeport, Illinois.
Robinson, Benjamin L., Cambridge,
Massachusetts (exchange).
Rosch, Siegfried, Leipzig, Germany
(exchange).
Sanborn, Colin C., Highland Park,
Illinois.
Sarkar,
India.
Satterthwaite, A. F., Washington,
Cc:
Benoy Kumar, Calcutta,
Scheumann, K. H., Leipzig, Germany.
Schmidt, Johannes, Copenhagen,
Denmark.
Schmidt, Karl P., Chicago.
Schneirla, T. C., New York.
Schoute, J. C., Groningen, Holland.
Schiiz, Ernst, Dresden, Germany.
Sheldon, J.M.Arms, Deerfield, Massa-
chusetts.
Shelford, Victor E., Champaign, IIli-
nois (exchange).
Sherff, Earl E., Chicago.
Shoemaker, Henry W., Altoona,
Pennsylvania.
Silverman, Alexander, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania.
Simms, Stephen C., Chicago.
Snelleman, J. F., The Hague, Holland.
Spencer, L. J., London, England (ex-
change).
Standley, Paul C., Chicago.
Starr, Frederick, Seattle, Washington
(exchange).
Stearns, Harold T., Honolulu, Hawaii.
Stefanski, Elizabeth, Chicago.
Sternberg, C. M., Hays, Kansas.
Strand, Embrik, Riga, U.S.S.R.
Sunamoto Shoten, F., Osaka, Japan.
Svihla, Arthur, Pullman, Washington.
Svihla, Ruth, Pullman, Washington.
Taylor, Griffith, Chicago.
Thompson, J. Eric, Chicago.
Townsend, M. T., Bloomington, Illi-
nois.
Underdown, C. E., Chicago.
Van den Brink, F. H., Utrecht, Hol-
land.
Walker, James W., Chicago.
Zaborski, Bogdan, Cracow, Poland.
Zimanyi, Karl, Budapest, Hungary
(exchange).
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 219
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
STATE OF ILLINOIS
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN, Secretary of State
To ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GREETING:
Whereas, a Certificate duly signed and acknowledged having been filed in the
office of the Secretary of State, on the 16th day of September, A.D. 1893, for the
organization of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO, under and in ac-
cordance with the provisions of ‘‘An Act Concerning Corporations,” approved
April 18, 1872, and in force July 1, 1872, and all acts amendatory thereof, a copy
of which certificate is hereto attached.
Now, therefore, I, William H. Hinrichsen, Secretary of State of the State of
Illinois, by virtue of the powers and duties vested in me by law, do hereby certify
that the said COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF CHICAGO is a legally organized
Corporation under the laws of this State.
In Testimony Whereof, I hereto set my hand and cause to be affixed the
Great Seal of State. Done at the City of Springfield, this 16th day of September,
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety-three, and of the
Independence of the United States the one hundred and eighteenth.
W. H. HINRICHSEN,
[SEAL] Secretary of State.
TO HON. WILLIAM H. HINRICHSEN,
SECRETARY OF STATE:
SIR:
We, the undersigned citizens of the United States, propose to form a cor-
poration under an act of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled
‘An Act Concerning Corporations,’’ approved April 18, 1872, and all acts
amendatory thereof; and that for the purposes of such organization we hereby
state as follows, to-wit:
1. The name of such corporation is the “COLUMBIAN MUSEUM OF
CHICAGO.”
2. The object for which it is formed is for the accumulation and dis-
semination of knowledge, and the preservation and exhibition of objects illus-
trating Art, Archaeology, Science and History.
8. The management of the aforesaid museum shall be vested in a Board of
FIFTEEN (15) TRUSTEES, five of whom are to be elected every year.
4. The following named persons are hereby selected as the Trustees for the
first year of its corporate existence:
Edward E. Ayer, Charles B. Farwell, George E. Adams, George R. Davis,
Charles L. Hutchinson, Daniel H. Burnham, John A. Roche, M. C. Bullock,
Emil G. Hirsch, James W. Ellsworth, Allison V. Armour, O. F. Aldis, Edwin
Walker, John C. Black and Frank W. Gunsaulus.
5. The location of the Museum is in the City of Chicago, County of Cook,
and State of Illinois.
(Signed)
George E. Adams, C. B. Farwell, Sidney C. Eastman, F. W. Putnam, Robert
McCurdy, Andrew Peterson, L. J. Gage, Charles L. Hutchinson, Ebenezer
Buckingham, Andrew McNally, Edward E. Ayer, John M. Clark, Herman H.
Kohlsaat, George Schneider, Henry H. Getty, William R. Harper, Franklin H.
220 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
Head, E. G. Keith, J. Irving Pearce, Azel F. Hatch, Henry Wade Rogers,
Thomas B. Bryan, L. Z. Leiter, A. C. Bartlett, A. A. Sprague, A. C. McClurg,
James W. Scott, Geo. F. Bissell, John R. Walsh, Chas. Fitzsimmons, John A.
Roche, E. B. MecCagg, Owen F. Aldis, Ferdinand W. Peck, James H. Dole,
Joseph Stockton, Edward B. Butler, John McConnell, R. A. Waller, H. C.
Chatfield-Taylor, A. Crawford, Wm. Sooy Smith, P. S. Peterson, John C.
Black, Jno. J. Mitchell, C. F. Gunther, George R. Davis, Stephen A. Forbes,
Robert W. Patterson, Jr., M. C. Bullock, Edwin Walker, George M. Pullman,
William E. Curtis, James W. Ellsworth, William E. Hale, Wm. T. Baker,
Martin A. Ryerson, Huntington W. Jackson, N. B. Ream, Norman Williams,
Melville E. Stone, Bryan Lathrop, Eliphalet W. Blatchford, Philip D. Armour.
STATE OF ILLINOIS \
ss.
Cook COUNTY
I, G. R. MITCHELL, a NOTARY PUBLIC in and for said County, do hereby
certify that the foregoing petitioners personally appeared before me and
acknowledged severally that they signed the foregoing petition as their free and
voluntary act for the uses and purposes therein set forth.
Given under my hand and notarial seal this 14th day of September, 1893.
G. R. MITCHELL,
[SEAL] NOTARY PUBLIC, CooK COUNTY, ILL.
CHANGE OF NAME
Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 25th day of June, 1894, the name of the COLUMBIAN MUSEUM was
changed to FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM. A certificate to this effect was
filed June 26, 1894, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois.
CHANGE OF NAME
Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 8th day of November, 1905, the name of the FIELD COLUMBIAN
MUSEUM was changed to FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.
A certificate to this effect was filed November 10, 1905, in the office of the Secretary
of State for Illinois.
CHANGE IN ARTICLE 3
Pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting of the corporate members held
the 10th day of May, 1920, the management of FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL
HISTORY shall be invested in a Board of TWENTY-ONE (21) TRUSTEES, who
shall be elected in such manner and for such time and term of office as may
be provided for by the By-Laws. A certificate to this effect was filed May 21,
1920, in the office of the Secretary of State for Illinois.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 221
AMENDED BY-LAWS
DECEMBER 31, 1931
ARTICLE I
MEMBERS
SECTION 1. Members shall be of twelve classes, Corporate Members, Hon-
orary Members, Patrons, Corresponding Members, Benefactors, Contributors,
Life Members, Non-Resident Life Members, Associate Members, Non-Resident
Associate Members, Sustaining Members, and Annual Members.
SECTION 2. The Corporate Members shall consist of the persons named in
the articles of incorporation, and of such other persons as shall be chosen from
time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, upon the recom-
mendation of the Executive Committee; provided, that such person named in
the articles of incorporation shall, within ninety days from the adoption of these
By-Laws, and persons hereafter chosen as Corporate Members shall, within
ninety days of their election, pay into the treasury the sum of Twenty Dollars
($20.00) or more. Corporate Members becoming Life Members, Patrons or
Honorary Members shall be exempt from dues. Annual meetings of said Corporate
Members shall be held at the same place and on the same day that the annual
meeting of the Board of Trustees is held.
SECTION 3. Honorary Members shall be chosen by the Board from among
persons who have rendered eminent service to science, and only upon unanimous
nomination of the Executive Committee. They shall be exempt from all dues.
SECTION 4. Patrons shall be chosen by the Board upon recommendation of
the Executive Committee from among persons who have rendered eminent ser-
vice to the Museum. They shall be exempt from all dues, and, by virtue of their
election as Patrons, shall also be Corporate Members.
SECTION 5. Any person contributing or devising the sum of One Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00) in cash, or securities, or property to the funds
of the Museum, may be elected a Benefactor of the Museum.
SECTION 6. Corresponding Members shall be chosen by the Board from among
scientists or patrons of science residing in foreign countries, who render important
service to the Museum. They shall be elected by the Board of Trustees at any
of its meetings. They shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy all courtesies
of the Museum.
SECTION 7. Any person contributing to the Museum One Thousand Dollars
($1,000.00) or more in cash, securities, or material, may be elected a Contributor
of the Museum. Contributors shall be exempt from all dues and shall enjoy
all courtesies of the Museum.
SECTION 8. Any person paying into the treasury the sum of Five Hundred
Dollars ($500.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board,
become a Life Member. Life Members shall be exempt from all dues, and shall
enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are accorded to mem-
bers of the Board of Trustees. Any person residing fifty miles or more from
the city of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of One Hundred Dollars
($100.00) at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become
a Non-Resident Life Member. Non-Resident Life Members shall be exempt
from all dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that
are accorded to members of the Board of Trustees.
SECTION 9. Any person paying into the treasury of the Museum the sum of
One Hundred Dollars ($100.00), at any one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote
of the Board, become an Associate Member. Associate Members shall be exempt
from all dues, and shall be entitled to tickets admitting member and members
of family, including non-resident home guests; all publications of the Museum,
if so desired; reserved seats for all lectures and entertainments under the auspices
222 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
of the Museum, provided reservation is requested in advance; and admission of
holder of membership and accompanying party to all special exhibits and Museum
functions day or evening. Any person residing fifty miles or more from the city
of Chicago, paying into the treasury the sum of Fifty Dollars ($50.00) at any
one time, shall, upon the unanimous vote of the Board, become a Non-Resident
Associate Member. Non-Resident Associate Members shall be exempt from all
dues, and shall enjoy all the privileges and courtesies of the Museum that are
accorded to Associate Members.
SECTION 10. Sustaining Members shall consist of such persons as are selected
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who
shall pay an annual fee of Twenty-five Dollars ($25.00), payable within thirty
days after notice of election and within thirty days after each recurring annual
date. This Sustaining Membership entitles the member to free admission for
the member and family to the Museum on any day, the Annual Report and such
other Museum documents or publications as may be requested in writing. When
a Sustaining Member has paid the annual fee of $25.00 for six years, such mem-
ber shall be entitled to become an Associate Member.
SECTION 11. Annual Members shall consist of such persons as are selected
from time to time by the Board of Trustees at any of its meetings, and who
shall pay an annual fee of Ten Dollars ($10.00), payable within thirty days after
each recurring annual date. An Annual Membership shall entitle the member
to a card of admission for the member and family during all hours when the
Museum is open to the public, and free admission for the member and family
to all Museum lectures or entertainments. This membership will also entitle
the holder to the courtesies of the membership privileges of every Museum of
note in the United States and Canada, so long as the existing system of co-operative
interchange of membership tickets shall be maintained, including tickets for any
lectures given under the auspices of any of the Museums during a visit to the cities
in which the cooperative museums are located.
SECTION 12. All membership fees, excepting Sustaining and Annual, shall
hereafter be applied to a permanent Membership Endowment Fund, the interest
only of vue shall be applied for the use of the Museum as the Board of Trustees
may order.
ARTICLE II
BOARD OF TRUSTEES
SECTION 1. The Board of Trustees shall consist of twenty-one members.
The respective members of the Board now in office, and those who shall here-
after be elected, shall hold office during life. Vacancies occurring in the Board
shall be filled at a regular meeting of the Board, upon the nomination of the
Executive Committee made at a preceding regular meeting of the Board, by a
majority vote of the members of the Board present.
SECTION 2. Regular meetings of the Board shall be held on the third Mon-
day of each month. Special meetings may be called at any time by the President,
and shall be called by the Secretary upon the written request of three Trustees.
Five Trustees shall constitute a quorum, except for the election of officers or the
adoption of the Annual Budget, when seven Trustees shall be required, but meet-
ings may be adjourned by any less number from day to day, or to a day fixed,
previous to the next regular meeting.
SECTION 3. Reasonable written notice, designating the time and place of
holding rmeetings, shall be given by the Secretary.
ARTICLE III
HONORARY TRUSTEES
SECTION 1. Asa mark of respect, and in appreciation of services performed
for the Institution, those Trustees who by reason of inability, on account of
change of residence, or for other cause or from indisposition to serve longer in
such capacity shall resign their place upon the Board, may be elected, by a majority
of those present at any regular meeting of the Board, an Honorary Trustee for life.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 223
Such Honorary Trustee will receive notice of all meetings of the Board of Trustees,
whether regular or special, and will be expected to be present at all such meetings
and participate in the deliberations thereof, but an Honorary Trustee shall not
have the right to vote.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
SECTION 1. The officers shall be a President, a First Vice-President, a
Second Vice-President, a Third Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary
and a Treasurer. They shall be chosen by ballot by the Board of Trustees, a
majority of those present and voting being necessary to elect. The President,
the First Vice-President, the Second Vice-President, and the Third Vice-Presi-
dent shall be chosen from among the members of the Board of Trustees. The
meeting for the election of officers shall be held on the third Monday of January
of each year, and shall be called the Annual Meeting.
SECTION 2. The officers shall hold office for one year, or until their suc-
cessors are elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed at any regular
meeting of the Board of Trustees by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of
the Board. Vacancies in any office may be filled by the Board at any meeting.
SECTION 3. The officers shall perform such duties as ordinarily appertain
to their respective offices, and such as shall be prescribed by the By-Laws, or
designated from time to time by the Board of Trustees.
ARTICLE V
THE TREASURER
SECTION 1. The Treasurer shall be custodian of the funds of the Corpo-
ration except as hereinafter provided. He shall make disbursements only upon
warrants drawn by the Director and countersigned by the President. In the
absence or inability of the Director, warrants may be signed by the Chairman
of the Finance Committee, and in the absence or inability of the President, may
be countersigned by one of the Vice-Presidents, or any member of the Finance
Committee.
SECTION 2. The securities and muniments of title belonging to the cor-
poration shall be placed in the custody of some Trust Company of Chicago to
be designated by the Board of Trustees, which Trust Company shall collect
the income and principal of said securities as the same become due, and pay
same to the Treasurer, except as hereinafter provided. Said Trust Company
shall allow access to and deliver any or all securities or muniments of title to the
joint order of the following officers, namely: the President or one of the Vice-
Presidents, jointly with the Chairman, or one of the Vice-Chairmen, of the Finance
Committee of the Museum.
SECTION 3. The Treasurer shall give bond in such amount, and with such
sureties as shall be approved by the Board of Trustees.
SECTION 4. The Harris Trust & Savings Bank of Chicago shall be Cus-
todian of ‘“‘The N. W. Harris Public School Extension of Field Museum”’ fund.
The bank shall make disbursements only upon warrants drawn by the Director
and countersigned by the President. In the absence or inability of the Director,
warrants may be signed by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and in the
absence or inability of the President, may be countersigned by one of the Vice-
Presidents, or any member of the Finance Committee.
ARTICLE VI
THE DIRECTOR
SECTION 1. The Board of Trustees shall elect a Director of the Museum,
who shall remain in office until his successor shall be elected. He shall have im-
mediate charge and supervision of the Museum, and shall control the operations
of the Institution, subject to the authority of the Board of Trustees and its Com-
224 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
mittees. The Director shall be the official medium of communication between the
Board, or its Committees, and the scientific staff and maintenance force.
SECTION 2. There shall be four scientific Departments of the Museum—
Anthropology, Botany, Geology and Zoology; each under the charge of a Curator,
subject to the authority of the Director. The Curators shall be appointed by
the Board upon the recommendation of the Director, and shall serve during the
pleasure of the Board. Subordinate staff officers in the scientific Departments
shall be appointed and removed by the Director upon the recommendation of the
Curators of the respective Departments. The Director shall have authority to
employ and remove all other employees of the Museum.
SECTION 3. The Director shall make report to the Board at each regular
meeting, recounting the operations of the Museum for the previous month. At
the Annual Meeting, the Director shall make an Annual Report, reviewing the
work for the previous year, which Annual Report shall be published in pamphlet
form for the information of the Trustees and Members, and for free distribution
in such number as the Board may direct.
ARTICLE VII
AUDITOR
SECTION 1. The Board shall appoint an Auditor, who shall hold his office
during the pleasure of the Board. He shall keep proper books of account, setting
forth the financial condition and transactions of the Corporation, and of the
Museum, and report thereon at each regular meeting, and at such other times as
may be required by the Board. He shall certify to the correctness of all bills
rendered for the expenditure of the money of the Corporation.
ARTICLE VIII
COMMITTEES
SECTION 1. There shall be five Committees, as follows: Finance, Building,
Auditing, Pension and Executive.
SECTION 2. The Finance Committee shall consist of five members, the
Auditing and Pension Committees shall each consist of three members, and the
Building Committee shall consist of five members. All members of these four
Committees shall be elected by ballot by the Board at the Annual Meeting, and
shall hold office for one year, and until their successors are elected and quali-
fied. In electing the members of these Committees, the Board shall designate
the Chairman and Vice-Chairman by the order in which the members are
named in the respective Committee; the first member named shall be Chair-
man, the second named the Vice-Chairman, and the third named, Second Vice-
Chairman, succession to the Chairmanship being in this order in the event of the
absence or disability of the Chairman.
SECTION 3. The Executive Committee shall consist of the President of the
Board, the Chairman of the Finance Committee, the Chairman of the Building
Committee, the Chairman of the Auditing Committee, the Chairman of the
Pension Committee, and three other members of the Board to be elected by
ballot at the Annual Meeting.
SECTION 4. Four members shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Com-
mittee, and in all standing Committees two members shall constitute a quorum.
In the event that, owing to the absence or inability of members, a quorum of
the regular elected members cannot be present at any meeting of any Com-
mittee, then the Chairman thereof, or his successor, as herein provided, may
summon any members of the Board of Trustees to act in place of the absentee.
SECTION 5. The Finance Committee shall have supervision of investing the
endowment and other permanent funds of the Corporation, and the care of such
real estate as may become its property. It shall have authority to invest, sell,
and reinvest funds, subject to the approval of the Board.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 225
SECTION 6. The Building Committee shall have supervision of the con-
struction, reconstruction, and extension of any and all buildings used for
Museum purposes.
SECTION 7. The Executive Committee shall be called together from time
to time as the Chairman may consider necessary, or as he may be requested
to do by three members of the Committee, to act upon such matters affecting
the administration of the Museum as cannot await consideration at the Regular
Monthly Meetings of the Board of Trustees. It shall, before the beginning of
each fiscal year, prepare and submit to the Board an itemized Budget, setting
forth the probable receipts from all sources for the ensuing year, and make
recommendations as to the expenditures which should be made for routine
maintenance and fixed charges. Upon the adoption of the Budget by the
Board, the expenditures stated are authorized.
SECTION 8. The Auditing Committee shall have supervision over all ac-
counting and bookkeeping, and full control of the financial records. It shall
cause the same, once each year, or oftener, to be examined by an expert indi-
vidual or firm, and shall transmit the report of such expert individual or firm
to the Board at the next ensuing regular meeting after such examination shall
have vaken place.
SECTION 9. The Pension Committee shall determine by such means and
processes as shall be established by the Board of Trustees to whom and in what
amount the Pension Fund shall be distributed. These determinations or findings
shall be subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees.
SECTION 10. The Chairman of each Committee shall report the acts and
proceedings thereof at the next ensuing regular meeting of the Board.
SECTION 11. The President shall be ex-officio a member of all Committees
and Chairman of the Executive Committee. Vacancies occurring in any Com-
mittee may be filled by ballot at any regular meeting of the Board.
ARTICLE IX
NOMINATING COMMITTEE
SECTION 1. At the November meeting of the Board each year, a Nomi-
nating Committee of three shall be chosen by lot. Said Committee shall make
nominations for membership of the Finance Committee, the Building Commit-
tee, the Auditing Committee, and the Pension Committee, and for three mem-
bers of the Executive Committee, from among the Trustees, to be submitted
at the ensuing December meeting and voted upon at the following Annual
Meeting in January.
ARTICLE X
SECTION 1. Whenever the word “Museum” is employed in the By-Laws of
the Corporation, it shall be taken to mean the building in which the Museum
as an Institution is located and operated, the material exhibited, the material in
study collections, or in storage, furniture, fixtures, cases, tools, records, books,
and all appurtenances of the Institution and the workings, researches, installa-
tions, expenditures, field work, laboratories, library, publications, lecture courses,
and all scientific and maintenance activities.
SECTION 2. These By-Laws may be amended at any regular meeting of the
Board of Trustees by a two-thirds vote of all the members present, provided
the amendment shall have been proposed at a preceding regular meeting.
226 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
FOUNDER
*MARSHALL FIELD
BENEFACTORS
Those who have contributed $100,000 or more to the Museum
*AYER, EDWARD E. HARRIS, ALBERT W.
*HARRIS, NORMAN W.
BUCKINGHAM, MIss KATE S. *HIGINBOTHAM, HARLOW N.
CRANE, CORNELIUS KELLEY, WILLIAM V.
*CRANBE, R. T., JR.
*PULLMAN, GEORGE M.
FIELD, Mrs. E. MARSHALL
*FIELD, JOSEPH N. RAYMOND, Mrs. ANNA LOUISE
FIELD, MARSHALL *RAYMOND, JAMES NELSON
FIELD, STANLEY
SIMPSON, JAMES
GRAHAM, ERNEST R. *STURGES, Mrs. Mary D.
*DECEASED
HONORARY MEMBERS
Those who have rendered eminent service to Science
AYER, Mrs. EDWARD E. Lupwic, H. R. H. GustaF ADOLF,
CROWN PRINCE OF SWEDEN
BREASTED, PROFESSOR JAMES H.
McCorMICcK, STANLEY
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J.
CRANE, CHARLES R. RAWSON, FREDERICK H.
CUTTING, C. SUYDAM ROOSEVELT, KERMIT
ROOSEVELT, THEODORE
FIELD, MRs. E. MARSHALL ROSENWALD, JULIUS
FIELD, MARSHALL RYERSON, MARTIN A.
FIELD, STANLEY
SARGENT, HOMER E.
SIMPSON, JAMES
Harris, ALBERT W. SPRAGUE, ALBERT A.
GRAHAM, ERNEST R.
KELLEY, WILLIAM V. VERNAY, ARTHUR S.
DECEASED, 1931
CRANE, R. T., JR.
JAN. 1932
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR aT
PATRONS
Those who have rendered eminent service to the Museum
ARMOUR, ALLISON V.
BORLAND, MRS. JOHN JAY
CHADBOURNE, MRS. EMILY CRANE
CHANCELLOR, PHILIP M.
CHERRIE, GEORGE K.
COATS, JOHN
COLLINS, ALFRED M.
CONOVER, BOARDMAN
CUMMINGS, Mrs. RoBERT F.
CUTTING, C. SUYDAM
Day, LEE GARNETT
ELLSWORTH, DUNCAN S.
FIELD, Mrs. E. MARSHALL
FIELD, Mrs. STANLEY
INSULL, SAMUEL
KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW
KNIGHT, CHARLES R.
KUNZ, GEORGE F.
LANGDON, PROFESSOR STEPHEN
Moore, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
PAYNE, JOHN BARTON
PROBST, EDWARD
RAWSON, FREDERICK H.
ROOSEVELT, KERMIT
ROOSEVELT, THEODORE
SARGENT, HOMER E.
SMITH, Mrs. GEORGE T.
STRAWN, SILAS H.
VERNAY, ARTHUR S.
WHITE, HAROLD A.
WHITE, HOWARD J.
DECEASED, 1931
STRONG, WALTER A.
CORRESPONDING MEMBERS
Scientisis or patrons of science, residing in foreign countries, who have rendered
eminent service to the Museum
BREUIL, ABBE HENRI
DIELS, Dr. LUDWIG
KEITH, PROFESSOR SIR ARTHUR
LANGDON, PROFESSOR STEPHEN
SMITH, PROFESSOR GRAFTON ELLIOT
228 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
CONTRIBUTORS
Those who have contributed $1,000 to $100,000 to the Museum
in money or materials
$75,000 to $100,000
CHANCELLOR, PHILIP M.
RAWSON, FREDERICK H.
$50,000 to $75,000
*KEEP, CHAUNCEY
*ROSENWALD, Mrs. AUGUSTA N.
RYERSON, MARTIN A.
$25,000 to $50,000
*BLACKSTONE, Mrs. TIMOTHY B.
COATS, JOHN
CRANE, CHARLES R.
FIELD, Mrs. STANLEY
*JONES, ARTHUR B.
*PORTER, GEORGE F.
ROSENWALD, JULIUS
VERNAY, ARTHUR S.
WHITE, HAROLD A.
$10,000 to $25,000
ARMOUR, ALLISON V.
*ARMOUR, P. D.
CHADBOURNE, Mrs. EMILY CRANE
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J.
CONOVER, BOARDMAN
*CUMMINGS, R. F.
CUTTING, C. SUYDAM
*EVERARD, R. T.
*GUNSAULUS, Dr. F. W.
INSULL, SAMUEL
McCormick, Cyrus (ESTATE)
McCorRMICK, STANLEY
*MITCHELL, JOHN J.
«DECEASED
*REESE, LEWIS
Ross, Mrs. GEORGE W.
ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION, THE
SMITH, Mrs. GEORGE T.
*STRONG, WALTER A.
WRIGLEY, WILLIAM, JR.
$5,000 to $10,000
*ADAMS, GEORGE E.
*ADAMS, MILWARD
*BARTLETT, A. C.
BIsHOP, HEBER (ESTATE)
BORLAND, MRS. JOHN JAY
*CRANE, R. T.
*DOANE, J. W.
*FULLER, WILLIAM A.
GRAVES, GEORGE Cok, [I
HARRIS, HAYDEN B.
HARRIS, NORMAN DWIGHT
*HaRRIS, Mrs. NORMAN W.
*HUTCHINSON, C. L.
*KEITH, EDSON
LANGTRY, J. C.
MACLEAN, Mrs. M. HADDON
Moore, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
*PEARSONS, D. K.
*PorTER, H. H.
*REAM, NORMAN B.
*REVELL, ALEXANDER H.
SARGENT, HOMER E.
*SPRAGUB, A. A.
STRAWN, SILAS H.
THORNE, BRUCE
*TREE, LAMBERT
JAN. 19382 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
$1,000 to $5,000
AMERICAN FRIENDS OF CHINA
AYER, Mrs. EDWARD E.
BARRETT, SAMUEL FE.
BENSABOTT, R., INC.
*BLAIR, WATSON F.
BORDEN, JOHN
CHALMERS, MRs. WILLIAM J.
CRANE, Mrs. R. T., JR.
CUMMINGS, Mrs. R. F.
DOERING, O. C.
FIELD, HENRY
GRAVES, HENRY, JR.
GUNSAULUS, MISS HELEN
*HIBBARD, W. G.
HIGGINSON, Mrs. CHARLES M.
*HILL, JAMES J.
*HIXON, FRANK P.
HUGHES, THOMAS S.
*JACKSON, HUNTINGTON W.
JAMES, S. L.
*DBECHASED
LEE LING YUN
*MANIERRE, GEORGE
*MARTIN, ALFRED T.
McCormick, Cyrus H.
McCormick, Mrs. Cyrus
*OGDEN, Mrs. FRANCES E.
PALMER, POTTER
PATTEN, HENRY J.
RAUCHFUSS, CHARLES F.
RAYMOND, CHARLES FE.
REYNOLDS, EARLE H.
RYERSON, Mrs. MARTIN A.
SCHWAB, MARTIN C.
SCHWEPPE, Mrs. CHARLES H.
SHAW, WILLIAM W.
*SMITH, BYRON L.
SPRAGUE, ALBERT A,
THOMPSON, E. H.
THORNE, Mrs. LOUISE E.
VANVALZAH, DR. ROBERT
*VONFRANTZIUS, FRITZ
WILLIS, L. M.
229
230 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. [X
CORPORATE MEMBERS
ARMOUR, ALLISON V.
BORDEN, JOHN
BORLAND, MRS. JOHN JAY
ByRAM, HARRY E.
CHADBOURNE, MRS. EMILY CRANE
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J.
CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, H. C.
CHERRIE, GEORGE K.
CoaTS, JOHN
COLLINS, ALFRED M.
CONOVER, BOARDMAN
CuMMINGS, Mrs. ROBERT F.
CUTTING, C. SUYDAM
Day, LEE GARNETT
ELLSWORTH, DUNCAN §8.
FIELD, Mrs. E. MARSHALL
FIELD, MARSHALL
FIELD, STANLEY
FIELD, Mrs. STANLEY
GRAHAM, ERNEST R.
Harris, ALBERT W.
INSULL, SAMUEL
KELLEY, WILLIAM V.
KENNEDY, VERNON SHAW
KNIGHT, CHARLES R.
KuNz, GEORGE F.
LANGDON, PROFESSOR STEPHEN
McCormick, Crrus H.
MITCHELL, WILLIAM H.
Moore, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
PAYNE, JOHN BARTON
PROBST, EDWARD
RAWSON, FREDERICK H.
RICHARDSON, GEORGE A.
ROOSEVELT, KERMIT
ROOSEVELT, THEODORE
RYERSON, MARTIN A.
SARGENT, HOMER E.
SIMMS, STEPHEN C.
SIMPSON, JAMES
SMITH, Mrs. GEORGE T.
SMITH, SOLOMON A.
SPRAGUE, ALBERT A.
STRAWN, SILAS H.
VERNAY, ARTHUR S.
WHITE, HAROLD A.
WHITE, HOWARD J.
WRIGLEY, WILLIAM, JR.
DECEASED, 1931
CRANE, R. T., JR.
STRONG, WALTER A.
ee
JAN. 1932
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 231
LIFE MEMBERS
Those who have contributed $500 to the Museum
ABBOTT, JOHN JAY
ABBOTT, ROBERT S.
ADLER, MAX
ALDIS, ARTHUR T.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM A.
ALLERTON, ROBERT H.
AMES, JAMES C.
ARMOUR, ALLISON V.
ARMOUR, A. WATSON
ARMOUR, LESTER
ARMSTRONG, Mrs. FRANK H.
ASHER, LOUIS E.
AUSTRIAN, ALFRED S.
AVERY, SEWELL L.
BABCOCK, FREDERICK R.
BABSON, HENRY B.
BACON, EDWARD RICHARDSON, JR.
BANKS, ALEXANDER F.
BARRETT, Mrs. A. D.
BARRETT, ROBERT L.
BARTLETT, MISS FLORENCE DIBELL
BASSFORD, LOWELL C.
Baur, MRS. JACOB
BENDIX, VINCENT
BENSABOTT, R.
BERMINGHAM, EDWARD J.
BILLINGS, C. K. G.
BILLINGS, DR. FRANK
BLAINE, Mrs. EMMONS
BuLair, CHAUNCEY B.
BLAIR, HENRY A.
Buock, L. E.
BuLock, PHILIP D.
BootH, W. VERNON
BORDEN, JOHN
BORDEN, Mrs. WALLER
BORLAND, CHAUNCEY B.
_ Boyp, THOMAS M.
_ BRASSERT, HERMAN A.
BREWSTER, WALTER S.
BROWN, CHARLES EDWARD
BROWNE, ALDIS J.
BUCHANAN, D. W.
BuDD, BRITTON I.
BUFFINGTON, EUGENE J.
BURNHAM, JOHN
Burt, WILLIAM G.
BUTLER, JULIUS W.
_ BUTLER, RUSH C.
/ Byram, Harry E.
CARPENTER, AUGUSTUS A.
CARPENTER, Mrs. HUBBARD
CARR, GEORGE R.
CARR, ROBERT F.
CARR, WALTER S.
CARTON, L. A.
CASALIS, MRS. MAURICE
CHALMERS, WILLIAM J.
CHALMERS, MRs. WILLIAM J.
CHATFIELD-TAYLOR, WAYNE
CLARK, EUGENE B.
CLAY, JOHN
CLEGG, Mrs. HENRY G.
CLEGG, WILLIAM G.
CLEGG, Mrs. WILLIAM G.
CLow, WILLIAM E.
COBURN, Mrs. LEwIs L.
COLLINS, WILLIAM M.
CONOVER, BOARDMAN
COOKE, GEORGE A.
COOLBAUGH, MISS WILHELMINE F.
CoRLEY, F. D.
COWLES, ALFRED
CRAMER, CORWITH
CRAMER, E.. W.
CRAMER, Mrs. KATHARINE S.
CRANE, CHARLES R.
CROSSETT, EDWARD C.
CROSSLEY, LADY JOSEPHINE
CROSSLEY, SIR KENNETH
CROWELL, H. P.
CUDAHY, EDWARD A.
CUDAHY, EDWARD A., JR.
CUDAHY, JOSEPH M.
CUMMINGS, D. MARK
CUNNINGHAM, FRANK S.
CUNNINGHAM, JAMES D.
CUSHING, CHARLES G.
CUTTEN, ARTHUR W.
DAU. ede
DAVIES, MRs. D. C.
DAWES, CHARLES G.
DAWES, HENRY M.
DAWES, RUFUS C.
Day, ALBERT M.
DECKER, ALFRED
DELANO, FREDERIC A.
Dick, ALBERT BLAKE
DIERSSEN, FERDINAND W.
DIXON, GEORGE W.
DIXON, HoMErR L.
232 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
DONNELLEY, THOMAS E.
DOYLE, EDWARD J.
DRAKE, JOHN B.
DRAKE, TRACY C.
DREYFUS, MOISE
DURAND, SCOTT 8.
ECKSTEIN, LOUIS
EDMUNDS, PHILIP S.
EPSTEIN, MAX
EVERITT, GEORGE B.
EWING, CHARLES HULL
FARNUM, HENRY W.
FarR, NEWTON CAMP
Farr, MISS SHIRLEY
FARRINGTON, DR. OLIVER C.
FARWELL, ARTHUR L.
FARWELL, FRANCIS C.
FARWELL, JOHN V.
FARWELL, WALTER
HAY AClN:-
FELT, Dorr E.
FENTON, HowARD W.
FENTRESS, CALVIN
FERGUSON, LOUIS A.
FERNALD, CHARLES
Ferry, Mrs. ABBY FARWELL
FIELD, JOSEPH NASH, II
FIELD, MARSHALL
FIELD, NORMAN
FIELD, Mrs. NORMAN
FIELD, STANLEY
FIELD, Mrs. STANLEY
FLEMING, JOHN C.
FLORSHEIM, MILTON S.
GARDNER, PAUL E.
GARDNER, ROBERT A.
GaRTZ, A. F., JR.
Gary, Mrs. JOHN W.
GETZ, GEORGE F.
GILBERT, HUNTLY H.
GLESSNER, JOHN J.
GLORE, CHARLES F.
GODDARD, LEROY A.
GOODMAN, WILLIAM O.
GoopricH, A. W.
GOODSPEED, CHARLES B.
GOWING, J. PARKER
GRAHAM, ERNEST R.
GRIFFITHS, JOHN
GRISCOM, CLEMENT A.
HACK, FREDERICK C.
HAMILL, ALFRED E.
HAMILL, Mrs. ERNEST A.
HARRIS, ALBERT W.
HARRIS, NORMAN W.
HASKELL, FREDERICK T.
HASTINGS, SAMUEL M.
HAYES, WILLIAM F.
HECHT, FRANK A., JR.
HIBBARD, FRANK
Hickox, Mrs. CHARLES V.
HILu, Louis W.
HINDE, THOMAS W.
HINKLEY, JAMES OTIS
HiIppacH, Louts A.
HOPKINS, J. M.
HopkKIns, L. J.
Horowitz, L. J.
Hoyt, N. LANDON
HUGHES, THOMAS §.
HURLEY, EDWARD N.
HUTCHINS, JAMES C.
INSULL, MARTIN J.
INSULL, SAMUEL
INSULL, SAMUEL, JR.
JARNAGIN, WILLIAM N.
JELKE, JOHN F., JR.
JOHNSON, Mrs. ELIZABETH AYER
JOINER, THEODORE E.
JONES, Mrs. ARTHUR B.
JONES, Miss GWETHALYN
KELLEY, Mrs. DAPHNE FIELD
KELLEY, RUSSELL P.
KELLEY, WILLIAM V.
KELLY, D. F.
KIDSTON, WILLIAM H.
KING, CHARLES GARFIELD
KING, FRANCIS
KING, JAMES G.
KIRK, WALTER RADCLIFFE
KNICKERBOCKER, CHARLES K.
KUPPENHEIMER, LOUIS B.
LAMONT, ROBERT P.
LEGGE, ALEXANDER
LEHMANN, E. J.
LEONARD, CLIFFORD M.
LEOPOLD, Mrs. HAROLD E.
Levy, Mrs. Davip M.
LINN, Mrs. Dorotuy C.
LOGAN, SPENCER H.
LorD, JOHN B.
LOWDEN, FRANK O.
LYTTON, GEORGE
LyTTON, HENRY C.
MAcCDOWELL, CHARLES H.
MACLEISH, JOHN E.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
MACVEAGH, EAMES
MACVEAGH, FRANKLIN
MADLENER, Mrs. ALBERT F.
MARK, CLAYTON
MARSHALL, BENJAMIN H.
MASON, WILLIAM 8.
McCormick, Cyrus H.
McCormick, Mrs. EDITH
ROCKEFELLER
McCormIck, HAROLD F.
McCorMIckK, STANLEY
McCUTCHEON, JOHN T.
McGANN, Mrs. ROBERT G.
McILVAINE, WILLIAM B.
McINNERNEY, THOMAS H.
McKINLAY, JOHN
McKINLOCK, GEORGE A.
McLAUGHLIN, FREDERIC
McLENNAN, D. R.
McLENNAN, HUGH
MCNULTY, T. J.
MEYER, CARL
MEYNE, GERHARDT F.
MITCHELL, WILLIAM H.
Moore, EDWARD S.
Morse, CHARLES H., JR.
MORTON, JOY
MORTON, MARK
MUNROE, CHARLES A.
MURPHY, WALTER P.
NEWELL, A. B.
NIKOLAS, G. J.
NOEL, JOSEPH R.
O’BRIEN, JOHN J.
ORMSBY, DR. OLIVER S.
ORR, ROBERT M.
PAESCH, CHARLES A.
PALMER, HONORE
PALMER, POTTER
PATTEN, HENRY J.
PATTEN, Mrs. JAMES A.
PATTERSON, JOSEPH M.
PAYNE, JOHN BARTON
PAYSON, GEORGE S.
PEABODY, AUGUSTUS S.
PEABODY, STUYVESANT
PERKINS, HERBERT F.
Pick, ALBERT
PIEz, CHARLES
PIKE, CHARLES B.
PIKE, EUGENE R.
POPPENHUSEN, CONRAD H.
PORTER, FRANK W.
PORTER, GILBERT E.
Porter, H. H.
RAWSON, FREDERICK H.
RAYMOND, Mrs. JAMES NELSON
ReA, Mrs. ROBERT L.
REYNOLDS, ARTHUR
REYNOLDS, EARLE H.
REYNOLDS, GEORGE M.
RILEY, HARRISON B.
ROBINSON, THEODORE W.
Rosson, Miss ALICE
RODMAN, Mrs. KATHERINE FIELD
RODMAN, THOMAS CLIFFORD
ROSENWALD, JULIUS
ROSENWALD, WILLIAM
RUNNELLS, CLIVE
RUSSELL, EDMUND A.
RUSSELL, EDWARD P.
RYERSON, Mrs. CARRIE H.
RYERSON, EDWARD L., JR.
RYERSON, MARTIN A.
SARGENT, FRED W.
SCHWEPPE, CHARLES H.
Scott, GEORGE E.
Scott, HAROLD N.
Scott, JOHN W.
SEABURY, CHARLES W.
SHAFFER, JOHN C.
SHIRK, JOSEPH H.
SIMPSON, JAMES
SIMPSON, WILLIAM B.
SMITH, ALEXANDER
SMITH, SOLOMON A.
SPALDING, KEITH
SPALDING, VAUGHAN C.
SPRAGUE, ALBERT A.
SPRAGUE, Mrs. ALBERT A.
STERN, Mrs. ALFRED K.
STEVENS, CHARLES A.
STEVENS, EUGENE M.
STEWART, ROBERT W.
STIRTON, ROBERT C.
STOREY, W. B.
STuART, H. L.
STUART, JOHN
STUART, R. DOUGLAS
STRAWN, SILAS H.
STUDEBAKER, CLEMENT, JR.
STURGES, GEORGE
Sunny, B. E.
SWIFT, CHARLES H.
SWIFT, EDWARD F.
234 FIELD MusEUM oF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
Swirt, G. F., JR.
SwIFT, HAROLD H.
SwirFt, Loulis F.
THORNE, CHARLES H.
THORNE, ROBERT J.
TRAYLOR, MELVIN A.
TREE, RONALD L. F.
TYSON, RUSSELL
UIHLEIN, EDGAR J.
UNDERWOOD, MORGAN P.
VALENTINE, LOUIS L.
VEATCH, GEORGE L.
VILES, LAWRENCE M.
WANNER, HARRY C.
WARD, P. C.
WARNER, EZRA JOSEPH
AMES, KNOWLTON L.
Bair, Mrs. WATSON F.
CRANE, R. T., JR.
EcCKHART, B. A.
FORGAN, DAVID R.
FYFFE, COLIN C. H.
HIXoN, FRANK P.
WEBER, DAVID
WELCH, Mrs. EDWIN P.
WELLING, JOHN P.
WHEELER, CHARLES P.
WHITNEY, Mrs. Juuia L.
WICKWIRE, Mrs. EDWARD L.
WIEBOLDT, WILLIAM A.
WILLARD, ALONZO J.
WILLITS, WARD W.
WILSON, JOHN P.
WILSON, THOMAS E.
WILSON, WALTER H.
WINSTON, GARRARD B.
WINTER, WALLACE C.
WOooLLrEy, CLARENCE M.
WRIGLEY, PHILIP K.
WRIGLEY, WILLIAM, JR.
YATES, DAVID M.
DECEASED, 1931
JELKE, JOHN F.
MCLAUGHLIN, GEORGE D.
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WHITE, F. EDSON
WILSON, OLIVER T.
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CooLIDGE, HAROLD J., JR.
Cop.Ey, IRA CLIFF
DAVIS, LIVINGSTON
ELLIS, RALPH, JR.
contributed $100 to the Museum
LANDON, Mrs. JESSIE SPALDING
ROSENWALD, LESSING J.
STEPHENS, W. C.
STERN, Mrs. EDGAR B.
VERNAY, ARTHUR S.
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Those who have contributed $100 to the Museum
AARON, CHARLES
AARON, ELY M.
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ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 235
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BARTEVe boil
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BAUMRUCKER, CHARLES F.
236 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPorRTS, VOL. IX
BAUSCH, WILLIAM C.
BEACH, Miss Bess K.
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BEACOM, HAROLD
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JAN. 1982
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HIGINBOTHAM
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BURGESS, CHARLES F.
BURGSTRESER, NEWTON
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
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BURKE, Mrs. LAWRENCE N.
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BURNHAM, MRs. E.
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Burry, Mrs. WILLIAM
BuRTCH, ALMON
BurTON, Mrs. ERNEST D.
BusH, DAVID D.
BusH, Mrs. LIONEL E.
BusH, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
ButTLER, Mrs. HERMON B.
BUTLER, JOHN
BUTLER, J. FRED
BUTLER, PAUL
Butz, HERBERT R.
Butz, ROBERT O.
Butz, THEODORE C.
Butzow, Mrs. RoBErtT C.
BuUZZELL, EDGAR A.
BYFIELD, DR. ALBERT H.
BYRNE, Miss MARGARET H.
CABLE, J. E.
CAHN, Dr. ALVIN R.
CAHN, BERTRAM J.
CAHN, MORTON D.
CALDWELL, C. D.
CALDWELL, MRs. F. C.
CALDWELL, J. T.
CAMERON, DR. DAN U.
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CAMERON, WILL J.
Camp, Mrs. ARTHUR ROYCE
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CAMPBELL, HERBERT J.
CANBY, CALEB H., JR.
CAPES, LAWRENCE R.
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CARLIN, LEO J.
CARNEY, WILLIAM ROY
CARON, O. J.
CARPENTER, MrS. BENJAMIN
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CARPENTER, MRS. GEORGE A.
CARPENTER, GEORGE S.
CARPENTER, HUBBARD
CARPENTER, MISS ROSALIE S.
CARPENTER, W. W. S.
CARQUEVILLE, Mrs. A. R.
Carr, Mrs. CLYDE M.
CARROLL, JOHN A.
Carry, J. C.
CARTER, Mrs. ARMISTEAD B.
238 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. 1X
CARTON, ALFRED T.
CaRY, DR. EUGENE
Cary, DR. FRANK
CASE, ELMER G.
CASEY, Mrs. JAMES J.
CASSELBERRY, MRS. WILLIAM
EVANS, SR.
CASSELS, EDWIN H.
CASTLE, ALFRED C.
CASTRUCCIO, GIUSEPPE
CATES, DUDLEY
CERNOCH, FRANK
CHADWICK, CHARLES H.
CHAMBERLIN, GEORGE W.
CHANDLER, HENRY P.
CHAPIN, HENRY K.
CHAPIN, HOMER C.
CHAPMAN, ARTHUR E.
CHAPPELL, MrS. CHARLES H.
CHASE, FRANK D.
CHAVIS, DR. SAMUEL W.
CHEEVER, Mrs. ARLINE V.
CHENEY, Dr. HENRY W.
CHISHOLM, GEORGE D.
CHRITTON, GEORGE A.
CHURAN, CHARLES A.
CLARK, AINSWORTH W.
CLARK, MIss ALICE KEEP
CLARK, CHARLES V.
CLARK, Miss Dorotuy S.
CLARK, EDWIN H.
CLARK, DR. PETER S.
CLARKE, CHARLES F.
CLARKE, FRED L.
CLARKE, HARLEY L.
CLARKE, HENRY
Cuas, Miss Mary LOUISE
CLEMEN, DR. RUDOLF A.
CLEVELAND, PAUL W.
CLIFFORD, F. J.
CLINCH, DUNCAN L.
CLOUGH, WILLIAM H.
CLow, Mrs. Harry B.
CLow, WILLIAM E., JR.
COHEN, GEORGE B.
CoHEN; Mrs. L. LEwIs
COLBURN, FREDERICK S.
CoLBy, Mrs. GEORGE E.
COLDREN, CLIFTON C.
COLEMAN, DR. GEORGE H.
COLEMAN, LORING W., JR.
COLEMAN, WILLIAM OGDEN
COLIANNI, PAUL V.
COLLINS, BERYL B.
COLLIS, HARRY J.
CoLvIN, Mrs. W. H., Sr.
COLWELL, CLYDE C.
ComMPTON, D. M.
COMPTON, FRANK E.
CONDON, Mrs. JAMES G.
CONGER, MISS CORNELIA
CONNELL, P. G.
CONNERS, HARRY
CoNNOR, Mrs. CuaRA A.
CoNNOR, F. H.
Cook, Miss ALICE B.
Cook, Mrs. DAVID S., JR.
Cook, Mrs. WALLACE L.
COOKE, CHARLES E.
COOKE, MISS FLORA
COOKE, LESLIE L.
COOLIDGE, Miss ALICE
COOLIDGE, E. C.
COOMBS, JAMES F.
COONLEY, J. S.
COONLEY, JOHN STUART, JR.
COONLEY, PRENTISS L.
COOPER, SAMUEL
COPLAND, DAVID
CORBETT, MRS. WILLIAM J.
CORMACK, CHARLES V.
CORNELL, JOHN E.
CosFORD, THOMAS H.
COSTON, JAMES E.
COUNSELMAN, MRS. JENNIE E.
COURVOISIER, DR. EARL A.
COWDERY, EDWARD G.
Cox, Mrs. HowarpD M.
Cox, JAMES A.
Cox, JAMES C.
Cox, Mrs. RENSSELAER W.
CRANE, CHARLES R.
CRATTY, MRS. JOSIAH
CreEGOo, Mrs. DoMINICA 8.
CRERAR, Mrs. JOHN
CRILLY, EDGAR
CROMER, CLARENCE E.
CROMWELL, GEORGE O.
CROMWELL, MIss JULIETTE CLARA
Cross, HENRY H.
CROWDER, DR. THOMAS R.
CUBBINS, Dr. WILLIAM R.
CUDAHY, EDWARD I.
CULBERTSON, DR. CAREY
CUNEO, JOHN F.
CUNNINGHAM, Mrs. Howarp J.
CUNNINGHAM, JOHN T.
CURRAN, HARRY R.
CurRTIS, MRS. CHARLES S8.
CurTIS, Miss FRANCES H.
JAN. 1932
CURTIS, JOHN F. L.
CUSACK, HAROLD
CUSHING, JOHN F.
CUSHMAN, A. W.
CUTLER, HENRY E.
CUTTING, CHARLES 8.
DAHLBERG, BROR G.
DAILY, RICHARD
DAKIN, DR. FRANK C.
DALEY, Harry C.
DAMMANN, J. F.
D’ ANCONA, EDWARD N.
DANFORTH, DR. WILLIAM C.
DANIELS, H. L.
DANTZIG, LEONARD P.
DANZ, CHARLES A.
DARROW, WILLIAM W.
DASHIELL, C. R.
DAUGHADAY, C. COLTON
DAVEY, MRs. BRUCE C.
DAVID, DR. VERNON C.
DAVIDONIS, DR. ALEXANDER L.
DAVIDSON, Miss Mary E.
DAVIES, MARSHALL
DAVIES, WARREN T.
DAVIS, ABEL
DAvVIs, ARTHUR
Davis, C. S.
DAVIS, DR. CARL
DAVIS, FRANK S.
DAVIS, FRED M.
DAVIS, JAMES
DAVIS, Dr. NATHAN §&., III
DAVIS, RALPH
DAWES, E. L.
Day, Mrs. WINFIELD 8S.
DEACRES, CLYDE H.
DEAGAN, JOHN C., SR.
DEAHL, URIAH S.
DECKER, CHARLES O.
DeECostTA, LEWIS M.
DEDARDEL, CARL O.
DEE, THOMAS J.
DEERY, THOMAS A., JR.
DEGEN, DAVID
DEGOLYER, ROBERT 8.
DEKOVEN, MRs. JOHN
DELANG, THEODORE O.
DELEE, Dr. JOSEPH B.
DEMING, EVERETT G.
DEMPSTER, Mrs. C. W.
DENEEN, MRS. CHARLES 8.
DENMAN, Mrs. Burt J.
DENNEHRY, T. C.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 239
DENNIS, CHARLES H.
DENT, GEORGE C.
DEUTSCH, JOSEPH
DeEuTSCH, MRS. PERCY L.
DEUTSCH, SAMUEL
DEVRIES, DAVID
DEVRIES, PETER
DEWES, RUDOLPH PETER
DEWEY, ALBERT B., SR.
Dick, ALBERT B., JR.
DICK, ELMER J.
Dick, Mrs. HoMER T.
DICKEY, Roy
DICKINSON, F. R.
DICKINSON, ROBERT B.
DICKINSON, THEODORE
DICKINSON, Mrs. W. F.
DIESTEL, Mrs. HERMAN
DIKEMAN, AARON BUTLER
DILLON, Miss HESTER MAY
DImIck, MISS ELIZABETH
Drixon, ALAN C.
Dixon, HOMER L.
DIXON, WILLIAM WARREN
DOBSON, GEORGE
Doctor, ISIDOR
DopcE, Mrs. PAUL C.
DOERING, OTTO C.
DoERR, WILLIAM P., SR.
DoETSCH, Miss ANNA
DOLE, ARTHUR, SR.
DOLESE, MRS. JOHN
DONAHUE, WILLIAM J.
DONKER, Mrs. WILLIAM
DONLON, Mrs. S. E.
DONNELLEY, Miss NAOMI
DONNELLEY, Mrs. R. R.
DONNELLEY, Mrs. H. P.
DONNELLY, FRANK
DONOHUE, EDGAR T.
DOUGLAS, JAMES H., JR.
DouGLass, KINGMAN
Douc.ass, W. A.
DREISKE, GEORGE J.
DRUMMOND, JAMES J.
DRYDEN, Mrs. GEORGE B.
DuBBS, C. P.
DuDLEY, LAURENCE H.
DUGAN, ALPHONSO G.
DULANY, GEORGE W., JR.
Duusky, Mrs. SAMUEL
DUNCAN, ALBERT G.
DUNER, DR. CLARENCE S.
DUNHAM, JOHN H.
DUNHAM, Miss Lucy BELLE
240 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
DUNHAM, ROBERT J.
DUNLOP, Mrs. SIMPSON
DUPEE, Mrs. F. KENNETT
DURBIN, FLETCHER M.
DYCHE, WILLIAM A.
EASTERBERG, C. J.
EASTMAN, MRS. GEORGE H.
EASTMAN, R. M.
EBELING, FREDERIC O.
ECKHART, PERCY B.
ECKSTEIN, H. G.
Eppy, Mrs. ARTHUR J.
Eppy, GEORGE A.
Eppy, THOMAS H.
EDMONDS, Harry C.
EDWARDS, MISS EDITH E.
EDWARDS, KENNETH P.
EGAN, W. B.
EHRMAN, EDWIN H.
EIGER, OSCAR S.
EISELEN, FREDERICK CARL
EISENDRATH, EDWIN W.
EISENDRATH, ROBERT M.
EISENDRATH, Mrs. WILLIAM N.
EISENSCHIML, Mrs. OTTO
EISENSTAEDT, HARRY
EISENSTEIN, SOL
EITEL, MAX
ELcock, EDWARD G.
ELENBOGEN, HERMAN
ELLBOGEN, ALBERT L.
ELLIOT, Mrs. FRANK M.
ELLIOTT, DR. CHARLES A.
ELLIOTT, FRANK R.
ELLIS, HOWARD
ELTING, HOWARD
Ey, Mrs. C. MORSE
ENGEL, E. J.
ENGELHARD, BENJAMIN M.
ENGWALL, JOHN F.
ERDMANN, Mrs. C. PARDEE
ERICSON, Mrs. CHESTER F.
ERICSON, MELVIN B.
ERICSSON, CLARENCE
ERICSSON, H.
ERICSSON, WALTER H.
ERNST, Mrs. LEO
ERSKINE, ALBERT DEWOLF
ETTEN, HENRY C.
EusTICE, ALFRED L.
Evans, Mrs. ALBERT THOMAS
EVANS, Mrs. DAVID
EVANS, DAVID J.
Evans, ExuioT H.
EVANS, Hon. Evan A.
EWELL, C. D.
EWEN, WILLIAM R. T.
FABIAN, FRANCIS G.
FABRY, HERMAN
FACKT, Mrs. GEORGE P.
FApDeER, A. L.
FAGET, JAMES E.
FAHERTY, ROGER
FAHRENWALD, FRANK A.
FAHRNEY, EMERY H.
FAITHORN, WALTER E.
FALK, Miss AMY
FALK, LESTER L.
FARNHAM, Mrs. Harry J.
FARRELL, Mrs. B. J.
FARRELL, REV. THOMAS F.
FAULKNER, CHARLES J., JR.
FAULKNER, MISS ELIZABETH
FAUROT, HENRY, SR.
FAUROT, HENRY, JR.
Fay, Miss AGNES M.
FECKE, MRS. FRANK J.
FEIGENHEIMER, HERMAN
FEIWELL, MorRIs E.
FELIX, BENJAMIN B.
FELLOWS, W. K.
FELSENTHAL, EDWARD GEORGE
FELTMAN, CHARLES H.
FERGUS, ROBERT C.
FERGUSON, WILLIAM H.
FERNALD, ROBERT W.
FETZER, WADE
FILEK, AUGUST
FINLEY, Max H.
FINN, JOSEPH M.
FISCHEL, FREDERIC A.
FISH, ISAAC
FISHBEIN, DR. MORRIS
FISHER, Mrs. EDWARD METCALF
FISHER, GEORGE P.
FISHER, Hon. HARRY M.
FISHER, WALTER L.
FITZPATRICK, Mrs. JOHN A.
FLAVIN, EDWIN F., SR.
FLESCH, EUGENE W. P.
FLEXNER, WASHINGTON
FLORIAN, Mrs. PAUL A., JR.
FLORSHEIM, IRVING S.
FLosporF, Mrs. G. E.
FOLEY, REV. WILLIAM M.
FOLLANSBEE, MITCHELL D.
FOLONIE, Mrs. ROBERT J.
Fousom, Mrs. RICHARD S.
JAN. 1932
Foote, PETER
FOREMAN, Mrs. ALFRED K.
FOREMAN, Mrs. E. G.
FOREMAN, EDWIN G., JR.
FOREMAN, HAROLD E.
FOREMAN, HENRY G.
FOREMAN, OSCAR G.
FORESMAN, Mrs. W. COATES
FORGAN, JAMES B., JR.
FORGAN, ROBERT D.
FORMAN, CHARLES
FORSTALL, JAMES J.
FORTUNE, Miss JOANNA
FOosTER, Mrs. CHARLES K.
FOSTER, VOLNEY
FosTER, Mrs. WILLIAM C.
FOWLER, MISS ELIZABETH
Fox, CHARLES E.
Fox, JACOB LOGAN
Fox, Dr. PAUL C.
FRANK, Dr. IRA
FRANK, MRs. JOSEPH K.
FRANKENSTEIN, RUDOLPH
FRANKENSTEIN, W. B.
FRANKENTHAL, DR. LESTER E., JR.
FRANKLIN, M. E.
FREEDMAN, Dr. I. VAL
FREEMAN, CHARLES Y.
FREEMAN, WALTER W.
FREER, ARCHIBALD E.
FRENIER, A. B.
FREUDENTHAL, G. S.
FREUND, CHARLES E.
FREUND, I. H.
FREY, CHARLES DANIEL
FREYN, HENRY J.
FRIDSTEIN, MEYER
FRIEDLANDER, JACOB
FRIEDLICH, Mrs. HERBERT
FRIEDLUND, Mrs. J. ARTHUR
FRIEDMAN, Mrs. Isaac K.
FRIEDMAN, OSCAR J.
FRIESTEDT, ARTHUR A.
FRISBIE, CHAUNCEY O.
Frost, Mrs. CHARLES
FULLER, Mrs. CHARLES
FULLER, Mrs. GREETA PATTERSON
FULLER, JUDSON M.
FULLER, LEROY W.
Furry, WILLIAM S.
Furst, EDUARD A.
GABATHULER, MISS JUANITA
GABRIEL, CHARLES
GAERTNER, WILLIAM
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
GALE, G. WHITTIER
GALE, HENRY G.
GALL, CHARLES H.
GALL, HARRY T.
GALLAGHER, VINCENT G.
GALLUP, ROCKWELL
GALT, Mrs. A. T.
GALVIN, Wo. A.
GANN, DAVID B.
GANSBERGEN, Mrs. F. H.
GARARD, Ezy A.
GARCIA, JOSE
GARDEN, HuGH M. G.
GARDNER, ADDISON L., SR.
GARDNER, ADDISON L., JR.
GARDNER, HENRY A.
GARDNER, MRs. JAMES P.
GARNER, HARRY J.
GARRISON, Dr. LESTER E.
GARY, FRED ELBERT
GATELY, RALPH M.
GATES, PHILETUS W.
GAWNE, MIss CLARA J.
Gay, Rev. A. ROYAL
GAYLORD, DUANE W.
GEAR, H. B.
GEHL, DR. WILLIAM H.
GEHRMANN, FELIX
GEORGE, Mrs. ALBERT B.
GEORGE, FRED W.
GERDING, R. W.
GERNGROSS, Mrs. LEO
GERRITY, THOMAS
GERTS, WALTER 8.
GETTELMAN, Mrs. SIDNEY H.
GETZOFF, E. B.
GHEEN, Miss MARIAN H.
GIBBONS, JOHN W.
GIBBS, DR. JOHN PHILLIP
GIBSON, DR. STANLEY
GIELOW, WALTER C.
GIFFERT, Mrs. WILLIAM
GILBERT, MIss CLARA C.
GILCHRIST, Mrs. JOHN F.
GILCHRIST, Mrs. WILLIAM ALBERT
GILES, CARL C.
GILLMAN, MORRIS
GILLSON, LOUIS K.
GINTHER, Miss MINNIE C.
GIRARD, Mrs. ANNA
GLAESCHER, Mrs. G. W.
GLasGcow, H. A.
GLASNER, RUDOLPH W.
GLENN, Mrs. J. M.
GODEHN, PAUL M.
242 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPoRTS, VOL. IX
GOEDKE, CHARLES F.
GOEHST, Mrs. JOHN HENRY
GOES, Mrs. ARTHUR A.
GOLDEN, Dr. Isaac J. K.
GOLDENBERG, SIDNEY D.
GOLDFINE, Dr. ASCHER H. C.
GOLDSTINE, Dr. MarK T.
GOLDY, WALTER I.
GOODE, Mrs. ROWLAND T.
GOODEN, G. E.
GOODKIND, DR. MAURICE L.
GOODMAN, BENEDICT K.
GOODMAN, Mrs. HERBERT E.
GOODMAN, MIss JEAN ELLEN
GOODMAN, W. J.
GOODMAN, WILLIAM E.
GooprRow, WILLIAM
GOODSPEED, Mrs. WILBUR F.
GOODWIN, Hon. CLARENCE NORTON
GOODWIN, GEORGE S.
GORDON, HAROLD J.
GORDON, Mrs. ROBERT D.
GORHAM, SIDNEY SMITH
GORMAN, GEORGE E.
GORRELL, MRS. WARREN
GOTTFRIED, C. M.
GOTTSCHALK, GUSTAV H.
GRADLE, DR. Harry S.
GRADY, DR. GROVER Q.
GRAF, ROBERT J.
GRAFF, OSCAR G.
GRAHAM, DOUGLAS
GRAHAM, FE. V.
GRAHAM, MISS MARGARET H.
GRAMM, Mrs. HELEN
GRANGER, ALFRED
GRANT, ALEXANDER R.
GRANT, JAMES D.
GRANT, JOHN G.
GRAVES, HowArD B.
GRAY, REV. JAMES M.
GREEN, J. B.
GREEN, Dr. RAPHAEL B.
GREEN, ROBERT D.
GREEN, ZOLA C.
GREENBERG, ANDREW H.
GREENBURG, DR. IRA E.
GREENE, CARL D.
GREENEBAUM, JAMES E.
GREENEBAUM, M. E.
GREENEBAUM, M. E., JR.
GREENLEE, JAMES A.
GREENLEE, Mrs. WILLIAM BROOKS
GREENMAN, MRS. EARL C.
GREGORY, CLIFFORD V.
GREGORY, STEPHEN S., JR.
GREGORY, TAPPAN
GREY, CHARLES F.
GREY, DR. DOROTHY
GREY, HOWARD G.
GRIEST, Mrs. MARIANNA L.
GRIFFENHAGEN, Mrs. EDWIN O.
GRIFFITH, ENOCH L.
GRIFFITH, MELVIN L.
GRIFFITH, Mrs. WILLIAM
GRIFFITHS, GEORGE W.
GRIMM, WALTER H.
GRISWOLD, HAROLD T.
GRIZZARD, JAMES A.
GRONKOWSKI, REV. C. I.
Gross, Mrs. EMILY
Gross, HENRY R.
GROSSMAN, FRANK I.
GROTENHUIS, MRS. WILLIAM J.
GROTOWSKI, Dr. LEON
GRULEE, Lowry K.
GrRUNOW, Mrs. WILLIAM C.
GUENZEL, LOUIS
GUEST, WARD E.
GULBRANSEN, AXEL G.
GULICK, JOHN H.
GUNDLACH, ERNEST T.
GUNTHORP, WALTER J.
GWINN, WILLIAM R.
HAAS, MAURICE
HAAS, Dr. RAOUL
HADLEY, Mrs. EDWIN M.
HAGEN, Mrs. DAISE
HAGEN, FRED J.
HAGENS, DR. GARRETT J.
HAGGARD, JOHN D.
HAGNER, FRED L.
HAIGHT, GEORGE I.
EVATRE beetue
HAJICEK, RUDOLPH F.
HALDEMAN, WALTER S.
HALE, Mrs. SAMUEL
HALE, WILLIAM B.
HALL, DAVID W.
HALL, EDWARD B.
HALL, Mrs. J. B.
HALLMANN, AUGUST F.
HALLMANN, HERMAN F.
HALPERIN, AARON
HAMILL, CHARLES H.
HAMILL, Mrs. ERNEST A.
HAMILL, ROBERT W.
HAMILTON, THOMAS B.
HAMLIN, PAUL D.
JAN. 1932
HamM, EDWARD F.
HAMMERSCHMIDT, MRS. GEORGE F.
HaAMmMiITT, Miss FRANCES M.
HAMMOND, THOMAS S.
HAND, GEORGE W.
HANLEY, HENRY L.
HANSEN, Mrs. CARL
HANSEN, JACOB W.
HARBISON, L. C.
HARDER, JOHN H.
HARDIE, GEORGE F.
HARDIN, JOHN H.
HARDING, G. F.
HARDING, JOHN COWDEN
HARDING, RICHARD T.
HARDINGE, FRANKLIN
HARKER, H. L.
HARMS, JOHN V. D.
HARPER, ALFRED C.
HARRIS, DAVID J.
HARRIS, GORDON L.
Harris, H. B.
HARRIS, MISS MARTHA E.
Hart, Mrs. HERBERT L.
Hart, WILLIAM N.
HARTMANN, A. O.
HARTSHORN, KENNETH L.
HARTWELL, FRED G.
HartTwIc, OTTO J.
HARVEY, HILLMAN H.
HARVEY, RICHARD M.
HaRWOOD, THOMAS W.
HASKELL, Mrs. GEORGE E.
HAUGAN, CHARLES M.
HauGan, Oscar H.
HAVENS, SAMUEL M.
HAYES, CHARLES M.
HAYES, HAROLD C.
Hayes, Miss Mary E.
HAYNIE, Miss RACHEL W.
Hays, Mrs. ARTHUR A.
HAZLETT, DR. WILLIAM H.
HEALY, Mrs. MARQUETTE A.
HEANEY, Dr. N. SPROAT
HEATON, Harry E.
HEATON, HERMAN C.
HEBERLEIN, Miss AMANDA F.
HEcK, JOHN
HECKENDORF, R. A.
HEDBERG, HENRY E.
HEIDKE, HERMAN L.
HEIMAN, MARCUS
HEINE, Mrs. ALBERT
HEINEMAN, OSCAR
HEINZELMAN, KARL
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 243
HEINZEN, Mrs. CARL
HELDMAIER, MISS MARIE
HELFRICH, J. HOWARD
HELLER, ALBERT
HELLER, JOHN A.
HELLER, Mrs. WALTER E.
HELLMAN, GEORGE A.
HELLYER, WALTER
HEMMENS, Mrs. WALTER P.
HEMPLE, Miss ANNE C.
HENDERSON, THOMAS B. G.
HENKEL, FREDERICK W.
HENLEY, EUGENE H.
HENNINGS, Mrs. ABRAHAM J.
HENRY, OTTO
HENSHAW, Mrs. RAYMOND §.
HERRICK, CHARLES FE.
HERRICK, Miss LOUISE
HERRICK, W. D.
HERRON, JAMES C.
HERRON, MRs. OLLIE L.
HERSHEY, J. CLARENCE
HERTZ, Mrs. FRED
HERWIG, GEORGE
HERWIG, WILLIAM D., JR.
Hess, Mrs. CHARLES WILBUR
HEvUN, ARTHUR
HEVERLY, EARL L.
HEYWORTH, MRS. JAMES O.
HIBBARD, Mrs. ANGUS S.
HIBBARD, Mrs. W. G.
HIGGINS, JOHN
HIGGINS, JOHN W.
HIGINBOTHAM, HaRLow D.
HIGLEY, Mrs. CHARLES W.
HILDEBRAND, EUGENE, JR.
HILDEBRAND, GRANT M.
Hinz, Mrs. E. M.
HI, Mrs. LYSANDER
HILL, WILLIAM E.
HILLBRECHT, HERBERT E.
HILuLe, Dr. HERMANN
Hinuis, Dr. DAVID S.
Himrop, Mrs. FRANK W.
HINDMAN, BISCOE
HINKLE, Ross O.
HINMAN, MRs. ESTELLE S.
HINRICHS, HENRY, JR.
HINSBERG, STANLEY K.
HINTON, E. W.
HirmpD, FREDERICK H.
HirscuH, Henry H.
Hirscu, JACOB H.
Hiscox, MORTON
HISTED, J. ROLAND
244 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
HIXoNn, ROBERT
HOELSCHER, HERMAN M.
HOFFMAN, GLEN T.
HOFFMANN, Miss CAROLINE DICKINSON
HOFFMANN, EDWARD HEMPSTEAD
HOGAN, FRANK
HOGAN, ROBERT E.
HoreR, WILLIAM V.
HOLDEN, EDWARD A.
HOLLAND, DR. WILLIAM E.
HOLuIs, HENRY L.
HOLLISTER, FRANCIS H.
HOLMES, GEORGE J.
HOLMES, Miss HARRIET F.
HOLMES, WILLIAM N.
Hout, Miss ELLEN
Homan, Miss Buiossom L.
HONNOLD, Dr. FRED C.
HOonsIK, Mrs. JAMES M.
Hoover, F. E.
HOovER, Mrs. FRED W.
Hoover, H. EARL
Hoover, Ray P.
Hops, ALFRED S.
HOPKINS, FARLEY
HOPKINS, Mrs. JAMES M.
HOPKINS, JOHN L.
HORAN, DENNIS A.
HORCHER, WILLIAM W.
HORNER, Dr. DAvip A.
HORNER, Mrs. MAURICE L., JR.
Horst, Curt A.
HORTON, GEORGE T.
HorTON, Hiram T.
HORTON, HORACE B.
HOSBEIN, Louts H.
HOSMER, PHILIP
HOTTINGER, ADOLPH
HOWARD, HAROLD A.
HOWARD, WILLIS G.
HOWE, CHARLES ARTHUR
HOWE, CLINTON W.
HOWE, WARREN D.
Howe, WILLIAM G.
HOWELE, ALBERT S.
HOWELL, WILLIAM
HOWES, FRANK W.
HowsE, RICHARD
Hoyne, FRANK G.
HOYNE, THOMAS TEMPLE
Hoyt, FREDERICK T.
Hoyt, Mrs. PHELPS B.
HUBBARD, GEORGE W.
HUBER, Dr. HARRY LEE
Hupson, Mrs. H. NEWTON
HUDSON, WALTER L.
HUDSON, WILLIAM E.
Huey, Mrs. ARTHUR S.
Hurr, THOMAS D.
HUGHES, JOHN E.
HUGHES, JOHN W.
HULBERT, MRS. CHARLES PRATT
HULBERT, Mrs. MILAN H.
HULTGEN, DR. JACOB F.
HUME, JOHN T.
HUNCKE, HERBERT S.
HUNCKE, OSWALD W.
HUNTER, SAMUEL M.
Hurp, N. L.
HURLEY, EDWARD N., JR.
Huston, W. L.
HUSTON, WARD T.
HUSZAGH, RALPH D.
HuszaGH, R. LERoy
HUTCHINSON, Foye P.
HUTCHINSON, JOHN W.
HUTCHINSON, SAMUEL S.
Hynes, REv. J. A.
IcKES, RAYMOND
IDELMAN, BERNARD
ILG, ROBERT A.
INLANDER, SAMUEL
TRONS, DR. ERNEST E.
ISAACS, CHARLES W., JR.
ISHAM, HENRY P.
IVES, CLIFFORD E.
JACKSON, ALLAN
JACKSON, ARCHER L.
JACKSON, ARTHUR 8.
JACKSON, W. J.
JACOBI, Miss EMILY
JACOBS, HYMAN A.
JACOBS, JULIUS
JACOBS, LOUIS G.
JACOBS, SIEGFRIED T.
JACOBSON, RAPHAEL
JAEGER, GEORGE J., JR.
JAFFE, DR. RICHARD HERMAN
JAFFRAY, MRS. DAVID §S., JR.
JAMES, EDWARD P.
JAMES, WILLIAM R.
JAMESON, CLARENCE W.
JANUSCH, FRED W.
JARCHOW, CHARLES C.
JARRATT, MRS. WALTER J.
JEFFERIES, F. L.
JEFFERY, Mrs. THOMAS B.
JENKINS, Mrs. JOHN E.
JAN. 1932
JENKINSON, Mrs. ARTHUR GILBERT
JENKS, R. WILLIAM SHIPPEN
JENNINGS, ODE D.
JENNINGS, Mrs. Rosa V.
JERGER, WILBUR JOSEPH
JETZINGER, DAVID
JIRKA, Dr. FRANK J.
JIRKA, DR. ROBERT
JOHN, Dr. FINDLEY D.
JOHNSON, ALBERT M.
JOHNSON, ALFRED
JOHNSON, ALVIN O.
JOHNSON, ARTHUR L.
JOHNSON, Mrs. HARLEY ALDEN
JOHNSON, IsAAc HORTON
JOHNSON, JOSEPH F.
JOHNSON, NELS E.
JOHNSON, OLAF B.
JOHNSON, Mrs. O. W.
JOHNSON, PHILIP C.
JOHNSON, ULYSSES G.
JOHNSTON, ARTHUR C.
JOHNSTON, EDWARD R.
JOHNSTON, Mrs. HUBERT MCBEAN
JOHNSTON, Mrs. M. L.
JOHNSTONE, Dr. A. RALPH
JOHNSTONE, GEORGE A.
JOHNSTONE, Dr. Mary M. S.
JONES, ALBERT G.
JONES, FRED B.
JONES, G. H.
JONES, JAMES B.
JONES, DR. MARGARET M.
JONES, MELVIN
JONES, WARREN G.
JosEPH, Louis L.
Joy, Guy A.
JOYCE, DAVID G.
JOYCE, JOSEPH
JUDAH, NOBLE BRANDON
JUDAH, Mrs. NOBLE BRANDON
JUERGENS, H. PAUL
JULIEN, VICTOR R.
JUNKUNC, STEPHEN
KAERCHER, A. W.
KAHN, GUS
Kaun, J. KESNER
KAHN, LOUIS
KAINE, JAMES B.
KALACINSKI, Mrs. FELIX
KANE, JEROME M.
KAPLAN, NATHAN D.
KARPEN, ADOLPH
KARPEN, MICHAEL
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
Kaspar, OTTO
KATZ, Mrs. SIDNEY L.
KAUFFMAN, Mrs. R. K.
KAUFFMANN, ALFRED
KAVANAGH, MAURICE F.
KEEHN, GEORGE W.
KEEHN, Mrs. THEODORE C. L.
KEENE, MRS. JOSEPH
KEENEY, A. F.
KEHL, ROBERT JOSEPH
KEITH, STANLEY
KELLOGG, JOHN L.
KELLOGG, Mrs. M. G.
KELLY, EDWARD T.
KELLY, JAMES J.
Kemp, Mrs. E. M.
KEMPNER, Harry B.
KEMPNER, STAN
KENDALL, MRs. VIRGINIA H.
KENDRICK, JOHN F.
KENNEDY, MIss LEONORE
KENNELLY, MARTIN H.
KENT, Dr. O. B.
KEOGH, GORDON E.
KERN, TRUDE
KESNER, JACOB L.
KILBOURNE, L. B.
KILE, MIss JESSIE J.
KIMBARK, MRS. EUGENE UNDERWOOD
KIMBARK, JOHN R.
KING, JOSEPH H.
KINGMAN, Mrs. ARTHUR G.
KINNEY, Mrs. MINNIE B.
KINSEY, FRANK
KINSEY, ROBERT S.
KINTZEL, RICHARD
Kipp, CARL P.
KIRCHER, REV. JULIUS
KIRCHHEIMER, MAX
KIRKLAND, Mrs. WEYMOUTH
KITCHELL, HOWELL W.
KITTREDGE, R. J.
KITZELMAN, OTTO
KLEE, NATHAN
KLEIN, ARTHUR F.
KLEIN, Henry A.
KLEIN, Mrs. SAMUEL
KLEINPELL, Dr. HENRY H.
KLEIST, Mrs. HARRY
KLEPPINGER, WILLIAM H., JR.
KLEUTGEN, DR. ARTHUR C.
KLINE, SOL
KLINETOP, Mrs. CHARLES W.
KuInk, A. F.
Knox, Harry 8.
246 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPporRTS, VOL. IX
Knutson, G. H.
Kocu, PAUL W.
Kocus, Mrs. ROBERT T.
Koxuu, Mrs. CAROLINE L.
KOHLER, ERIC L.
KOHLSAAT, EDWARD C.
Komiss, DAVID S.
KONSBERG, ALVIN V.
Kopr, WILLIAM P.
KOSOBUD, WILLIAM F.
KoTAL, JOHN A.
KotTIn, GEORGE N.
Koucky, Dr. J. D.
KOVAC, STEFAN
KRABER, MRS. FREDERICKA
KrarFt, C. H.
KRAFT, JAMES L.
KRAFT, NORMAN
KRALOVEC, EMIL G.
KRALOVEC, Mrs. OTTo J.
KRAMER, LEROY
KRAUS, PETER J.
KRAUSE, JOHN J.
KRETSCHMER, Dr. HERMAN L.
KRITCHEVSKY, DR. WOLFF
KROEHL, HOWARD
KROHMER, WILLIAM F.
Kroprfr, C. G.
Krost, Dr. GERARD N.
KRUEGER, LEOPOLD A.
KRUTCKOFF, CHARLES
KvueEnun, A. L.
Kuga, Mrs. EDWIN J., JR.
KUuHL, HARRY J.
KUHN, FREDERICK
Kuan, Dr. HEDwie 8S.
KUNKA, BERNARD J.
KUNSTADTER, A.
KuRTZON, Morris
LAcEY, Miss EDITH M.
LACHANCE, Mrs. LEANDER H.
LACKOWSKI, FRANK E.
LAFLIN, Mrs. Louis E.
LAFLIN, LouIS E., JR.
LAGUSKE, MRS. CHESTER
LAMPERT, Mrs. LYDIA
LAMPERT, WILSON W.
Lamson, W. A.
LANAHAN, Mrs. M. J.
LANDRY, ALVAR A.
LANE, F. HOWARD
LANE, Ray E.
LANE, WALLACE R.
LANG, EDWARD J.
LANG, Mrs. W. J.
LANGE, Mrs. AuGust
LANGENBACH, Mrs. ALICE R.
LANGHORNE, GEORGE TAYLOE
LANGLAND, JAMES
LANGWORTHY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
LANSINGER, Mrs. JOHN M.
LARIMER, HOWARD S.
LARSON, Bror O.
LASHLEY, Mrs. KARL S.
LASKER, ALBERT D.
Lau, Max
LAUREN, NEWTON B.
LAURITZEN, C. M.
LAUTER, Mrs. VERA
LAUTMANN, HERBERT M.
LAVEZZORIO, Mrs. J. B.
LAWLESS, Dr. THEODORE K.
LAWRENCE, W. J.
LAwson, A. J.
LAwSson, Mrs. Iver N.
LAWTON, FRANK W.
LAYLANDER, O. J.
LEAHY, THOMAS F.
LEARNED, EDWIN J.
LEAVELL, JAMES R.
LEAVITT, Mrs. WELLINGTON
LEBENSOHN, Dr. MAYER H.
LEBOLT, JOHN MICHAEL
LEDERER, DR. FRANCIS L.
LEFENS, Miss KATHERINE J.
LEFENS, WALTER C.
LEHMANN, Miss AucustTa E.
LEICHENKO, PETER M.
LEIGHT, Mrs. ALBERT E.
LEISTNER, OSCAR
LELAND, Miss ALICE J.
LEMoon, A. R.
LENZ, J. MAyo
LEONARD, ARTHUR G.
LEONARD, ARTHUR T.
LEOPOLD, FOREMAN N.
LESLIE, JOHN H.
LETTS, Mrs. FRANK C.
LEVAN, REv. THoMAS F.
LEVERONE, Louis E.
LEVINSON, Mrs. SALMON O.
LEVITAN, BENJAMIN
LEVITETZ, NATHAN
Levy, ALEXANDER M.
LEvy, ARTHUR G.
LEwIs, DAVID R.
Lewy, Dr. ALFRED
LIBBY, Mrs. C. P.
LIEBMAN, A. J.
JAN. 1932
LILLIE, FRANK R.
LINDAHL, Mrs. Epwarp J.
LINDEN, JOHN A.
LINDENBERG, ALBERT
LINDHEIMER, B. F.
LINDHOLM, CHARLES V.
LINDLEY, Mrs. ARTHUR F.
LINDQUIST, J. E.
LINGLE, BOWMAN C.
LINTON, BEN B.
LIPMAN, ROBERT R.
Liss, SAMUEL
LITTLER, Harry E., JR.
LIVINGSTON, JULIAN M.
LIVINGSTON, Mrs. MILTON L.
LLEWELLYN, PAUL
LLEWELLYN, Mrs. S. J.
LLOYD, EDWARD W.
LLoypD, WILLIAM Bross
LOBDELL, Mrs. EDwIn L.
Lockwoop, W. §S.
LoEB, HAMILTON M.
LOEB, JACOB M.
Logs, LEo A.
LOESCH, FRANK J.
LOEWENBERG, I. S.
LOEWENBERG, M. L.
LOEWENSTEIN, SIDNEY
LOEWENTHAL, Mrs. JULIUS W.
LOEWENTHAL, RICHARD J.
LOGAN, JOHN I.
Lonc, Mrs. JOSEPH B.
Lonc, WILLIAM E.
Lorp, ARTHUR R.
Lorp, Mrs. RUSSELL
Loucks, CHARLES O.
LOUDERBACK, WILLIAM J., JR.
LOUER, ALBERT S.
LovE, CHASE W.
LOVELL, WILLIAM H.
LOVGREN, CARL
Lownlk, DR. FELIX J.
Lucas, Mrs. RoBEerRT M.
LucEy, PATRICK J.
LUDINGTON, NELSON J.
LuUDOLPH, WILBUR M.
LUEDER, ARTHUR C.
LueuR, Dr. EDWARD
LUFKIN, WALLACE W.
Luria, HERBERT A.
LuRIz, H. J.
LUSTGARTEN, SAMUEL
LutTTEeR, HENRY J., SR.
Lypon, Mrs. WILLIAM A.
LyForD, Harry B.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 247
LYFoRD, WILL H.
LYMAN, THOMAS T.
LYNCH, WILLIAM JOSEPH
LYON, CHARLES H.
LYON, FRANK R.
Lyon, Mrs. THOMAS R.
MAAss, J. EDWARD
MABEBE, Mrs. MELBOURNE
MACCARDLE, H. B.
MACDONALD, E. K.
MacDouGat, Mrs. T. W.
MACKEY, FRANK J.
MACKINSON, DR. JOHN C.
MAcLEIsH, Mrs. ANDREW
MACLELLAN, K. F.
MAGAN, MIss JANE A.
MAGILL, HENRY P.
MAGILL, ROBERT M.
MAGNUS, ALBERT, JR.
Maenus, Aucust C.
MAGNUS, EDWARD
MaAGwIireE, Mrs. Mary F.
MAHER, Mps. D. W.
MAIN, WALTER D.
MALONE, WILLIAM H.
MANASTER, HARRY
MANDEL, Mrs. AARON W.
MANDEL, Mrs. BABETTE F.
MANDEL, EDWIN F.
MANDEL, Mrs. FREDERICK
MANDL, SIDNEY
MANEGOLD, Mrs. FRANK W.
MANIERRE, FRANCIS E.
MANIERRE, LOUIS
MANN, ALBERT C.
MANN, JOHN P.
MANSON, DAVID
MANSURE, EDMUND L.
Marcus, MAURICE 8S.
MARHOEFER, EDWARD H.
Mark, Mrs. Cyrus
Marks, ARNOLD K.
Maraulis, A. N.
Mars, G. C.
Mars, A. FLETCHER
MARSH, JOHN P.
MarsH, Mrs. MARSHALL S.
MarTIN, Mrs. FRANKLIN H.
MARTIN, SAMUEL H.
MARTIN, W. B.
MARTIN, WELLS
MARX, FREDERICK Z.
MARZLUFF, FRANK W.
248 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS ,VOL. IX
MARZOLA, LEO A.
MASON, WILLARD J.
MASSEB, B. A.
MASSEY, PETER J.
MATHESIUS, Mrs. WALTHER
MATSON, J. EDWARD
MATTER, MRS. JOHN
MATTHIESSEN, FRANK
Matz, Mrs. RUDOLPH
MAURAN, CHARLES S.
MAURER, DR. SIEGFRIED
MAXWELL, LLOYD R.
MAYER, Mrs. DAVID
MAYER, ISAAC H.
MAYER, OSCAR F.
MAYER, THEODORE 8S.
MCAULEY, JOHN E.
McBIRNEY, Mrs. HuGH J.
McBRIDE, Mrs. WALTER J.
McCarTHY, EDMOND J.
McCARTHY, JOSEPH W.
MCCLELLAN, DR. JOHN H.
McCLUuER, W. B.
McCuUuUN, JOHN M.
McCorpD, DOWNER @
McCorRMACK, PROFESSOR H.
McCormick, Mrs. ALEXANDER A.
McCormick, Mrs. CHAUNCEY
McCormick, FOWLER
McCormick, HowARD H.
McCormick, L. HAMILTON
McCormick, LEANDER J.
McCormick, ROBERT H., JR.
McCoy, HERBERT N.
McCRACKEN, Miss WILLIETTA
McCrea, Mrs. W. S.
McCreapy, Mrs. E. W.
McDouGA., Mrs. JAMES B.
McDouGAL, Mrs. ROBERT
McDouGALL, Mrs. ARTHUR R.
McERLEAN, CHARLES V.
McGarry, JOHN A.
McGraw, Max
McGurn, MATHEW S.
McHueu, Mrs. GROVER
McINTosH, ARTHUR T.
McINTosH, Mrs. WALTER G.
McKay, JAMES M.
McKEEVER, BUEL
McKINNEY, Mrs. HAYES
McLaury, Mrs. C. W.
McLAurRY, WALKER G.
McLENNAN, Mrs. JOHN A.
McMENEMY, L. T.
McMILLAN, JOHN
McMILLAN, W. B.
McMILLAN, WILLIAM M.
McNaAMA4RA, LOUIS G.
McNULTY, JOSEPH D.
McQuaARRIE, MRs. FANNIE
McVoy, JOHN M.
MEDSKER, DR. ORA L.
MEHRING, GEORGE
MELCHIONE, JOSEPH
MELENDY, DR. R. A.
MELNICK, LEOPOLD B.
MERRILL, HENRY S.
MERRILL, JAMES S.
MERRILL, WILLIAM W.
MERZ, EDWARD E.
METz, Dr. A. R.
METZEL, Mrs. ALBERT J.
MEYER, Mrs. A. H.
MEYER, ABRAHAM
MEYER, ABRAHAM W.
MEYER, ALBERT
MEYER, CHARLES Z.
MEYER, OSCAR
MEYER, SAM R.
MEYER, WILLIAM
MEYERCORD, G. R.
MICKELBERRY, MRS. CHARLES M.
MIpDowIcz, C. E.
MILHENING, FRANK
MILHENING, JOSEPH
MILLER, CHARLES B.
MILLER, MRS. CLAYTON W.
MILLER, Mrs. DARIUS
MILLER, Mrs. F. H.
MILLER, HYMAN
MILLER, JOHN S., JR.
MILLER, DR. JOSEPH L.
MILLER, Oscar C.
MILLER, WALTER FE.
MILLER, Mrs. WALTER H.
MILLER, WILLIAM E.
MILLER, WILLIAM S.
MILLS, ALLEN G.
MILLS, FRED L.
MILLS, JOHN, SR.
MINER, DR. CARL
MINER, H. J.
MITCHELL, CHARLES D.
MITCHELL, GEORGE F.
MITCHELL, JOHN J.
MITCHELL, MRs. JOHN J.
MITCHELL, LEEDS
MITCHELL, OLIVER
Mock, Dr. HARRY EDGAR
MODERWELL, C. M.
JAN. 1982
MOELLER, REV. HERMAN H.
MoeEnNG, Mrs. EDWARD D.
MorFaTT, MRs. ELIZABETH M.
Mour, ALBERT
Mour, EDWARD
Mone, WILLIAM J.
MOoLLoy, DavIip J.
Mo.utz, Mrs. ALICE
MONAGHAN, THOMAS H.
MONHEIMER, HENRY I.
MONROE, WILLIAM S.
MONTGOMERY, DR. ALBERT H.
Moopy, Mrs. WILLIAM VAUGHN
Mookrg, C. B.
Moore, PHILIP WYATT
Moos, JOSEPH B.
MoRAN, BRIAN T.
MorAN, Miss MARGARET
More, ROLAND R.
MorEY, CHARLES W.
Morr, F. WILLIAM
MorGAN, ALDEN K.
MorGAN, Mrs. KENDRICK E.
MorrRILL, NAHUM
Morris, EDwarp H.
Morris, F. C.
Morris, Mrs. SEYMOUR
MorRISON, Mrs. CHARLES E.
MoRRISON, Mrs. HARRY
MORRISON, JAMES C.
MorRISON, MATTHEW A.
MORRISSON, JAMES W.
Morss, MRS. CHARLES J.
Morss, LELAND R.
Morse, Mrs. MILTON
Morss, ROBERT H.
MORTENSON, MRs. JACOB
MorTON, STERLING
MorTON, WILLIAM Morris
Moses, Howarp A.
Moss, JEROME A.
Mouat, ANDREW
Mowry, Louis C.
Mupcg, Mrs. JouN B.
MUEHLSTEIN, Mrs. CHARLES
MUELLER, A. M.
MUELLER, J. HERBERT
MUELLER, PAUL H.
MULFoRD, Miss MELINDA JANE
MULHOLAND, WILLIAM H.
Murpny, JOHN P. V.
MurpHy, ROBERT E.
MUSSELMAN, DR. GEORGE H.
NABER, HENRY G.
NADLER, Dr. WALTER H.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
NASH, CHARLES J.
NASON, ALBERT J.
NATHAN, CLAUDE
NAUGLE, Mrs. ARCHIBALD
NEELY, MIss CARRIE BLAIR
NEHLS, ARTHUR L.
NEILSON, MRS. FRANCIS
NELLEGAR, MRs. JAY C.
NELSON, CHARLES G.
NELSON, DONALD M.
NELSON, EDWARD A.
NELSON, MURRY
NELSON, NILS A.
NELSON, N. J.
NELSON, MRs. OLIVER R.
NELSON, VICTOR W.
NEU, CLARENCE L.
NEUFFER, PAUL A.
NEWHALL, R. FRANK
NICHOLS, GEORGE P.
NICHOLS, Mrs. GEORGE R.
NICHOLS, Mrs. GEORGE R., JR.
NICHOLS, J. C.
NICHOLS, S. F.
NICHOLS, WARREN
NICHOLSON, THOMAS G.
NOBLE, ORLANDO
NOELLE, JOSEPH B.
NOLLAU, Miss EMMA
NOONAN, EDWARD J.
NORCROSS, FREDERIC F.
Norris, Mrs. LESTER
Norris, Mrs. WILLIAM W.
NorTON, Mrs. O. W.
Norton, R. H.
NOVAK, CHARLES J.
NOYES, ALLAN S.
Noyes, DAvip A.
Noyes, Mrs. May WELLS
NUSBAUM, MRs. CARL B.
NyYMAN, DR. JOHN EGBERT
OBERFELDER, HERBERT M.
OBERFELDER, WALTER S.
O’BRIEN, FRANK J.
O’BRIEN, Mrs. WILLIAM
VINCENT, JR.
ODELL, WILLIAM R.
O’DONNELL, Miss ROSE
Orr, Mrs. CLIFFORD
OFFIELD, JAMES R.
OGLESBEE, NATHAN H.
O’ KEEFE, Mrs. DENNIS D.
OxcoTT, Mrs. HENRY G.
OLDEFEST, EDWARD G.
OLIVER, GENE G.
250 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
OLIVER, Mrs. PAUL
OLSEN, GUSTAF
Omo, Don L.
OPPENHEIMER, ALFRED
OPPENHEIMER, Mrs. Harry D.
OPPENHEIMER, JULIUS
ORNDOFF, DR. BENJAMIN H.
O’ ROURKE, ALBERT
ORR, Mrs. ROBERT C.
ORTHAL, A. J.
ORTMAYER, DR. MARIE
OSBORN, THEODORE L.
OsTROM, CHARLES S.
OstTRoM, Mrs. JAMES AUGUSTUS
OTIS, J. SANFORD
OTIS, JOSEPH E.
OTIS, JOSEPH EDWARD, JR.
Otis, Lucius J.
Otis, R. C.
OTIS, RAYMOND
OTIS, STUART H.
OTIS, MRS. XAVIER L.
OUSKA, JOHN A.
OwlInNcs, Mrs. NATHANIEL A.
PAASCHE, JENS A.
Pack, J. MADISON
PACKARD, DR. ROLLO K.
PAEPCKE, WALTER P.
PAGE, Mrs. WILLIAM R.
PAGE-WoOoD, GERALD
PAGIN, Mrs. FRANK S.
PALMER, PERCIVAL B.
Pam, MIss CARRIE
PARDRIDGE, ALBERT J.
PARDRIDGE, Mrs. E. W.
ParRK, R. E.
PARKER, FRANK B.
PARKER, DR. GASTON C.
PARKER, NORMAN S.
PARKER, TROY L.
PARKS, Gah.
PARMELEEB, Dr. A. H.
PASCHEN, Mrs. ANNETTE A.
PASCHEN, Mrs. HENRY
PATRICK, MISS CATHERINE
PATRICK, Dr. HuGH T.
PAULING, EDWARD G.
PEABODY, Mrs. FRANCIS S.
PEABODY, HOWARD B.
PEABODY, MIss SUSAN W.
PEACOCK, ROBERT E.
PEACOCK, WALTER C.
PEARSE, LANGDON
PEARSON, F. W.
PEARSON, GEORGE ALBERT, JR.
PscK, Dr. DAVID B.
PEET, Mrs. BELLE G.
PEET, FRED N.
PEIRCE, ALBERT E.
PELLEY, JOHN J.
PELTIER, M. F.
PENDELL, CHARLES W.
PERCY, DR. NELSON MORTIMER
PERKINS, A. T.
PERKINS, MRS. HERBERT F.
PERRY, DR. ETHEL B.
PERRY, I. NEWTON
PETER, WILLIAM F.
PETERKIN, DANIEL
PETERS, HARRY A.
PETERSEN, DR. WILLIAM F.
PETERSON, ALBERT
PETERSON, ALEXANDER B.
PETERSON, Mrs. ANNA J.
PETERSON, ARTHUR J.
PETERSON, AXEL A.
PETERSON, JURGEN
PFLAUM, A. J.
PFLOCK, DR. JOHN J.
PHELPS, Mrs. W. L.
PHEMISTER, DR. D. B.
PHILLIP, PETER
PHILLIPS, HERBERT MORROW
PICHER, Mrs. OLIVER S.
Pick, ALBERT, JR.
Pick, GEORGE
PIERCE, J. NORMAN
PIERCE, PAUL
PINTER, Mrs. ISABELLE SEGERSTEN
PIOTROWSKI, NICHOLAS L.
Pirie, Mrs. JOHN T.
PITcHER, Mrs. Henry L.
PLapp, Miss Doris A.
PLATT, Mrs. ROBERT S.
PLUNKETT, WILLIAM H.
PoDELL, Mrs. BEATRICE HAYES
PoLk, Mrs. STELLA F.
PoLLock, Dr. Harry L.
PoMEROY, Mrs. FRANK W.
POND, IRVING K.
Poot, MARVIN B.
Poo, Mrs. W. CLoyD
PooLe, Mrs. FREDERICK ARTHUR
POOLE, GEORGE A.
PooLe, Mrs. RALPH H.
Poor, FRED A.
Poor, Mrs. FRED A.
POPE, FRANK
PoPe, HENRY, SR.
JAN. 1982 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 251
Pope, HERBERT ReEIcH, Miss ANNIE
PoPPENHAGEN, HENRY REICHMANN, ALEXANDER F,
PorTER, Mrs. FRANK S. REID, Mrs. BRYAN
PorTeR, HENRY H., JR. REITER, JOSEPH J.
PORTER, JAMES F. Remy, Mrs. WILLIAM
PORTERFIELD, Mrs. JOHN F. RENSHAW, MRS. CHARLES
Post, FREDERICK, JR. RENWICK, EDWARD A.
Post, GORDON W. Rew, Mrs. IRWIN
Post, Mrs. PHILIP SIDNEY REYNOLDS, HAROLD F.
POTTENGER, WILLIAM A. REYNOLDS, Mrs. J. J.
PowELL, Mrs. AMBROSE V. RICE, ARTHUR L.
PowELL, Isaac N. RIcE, GEORGE L.
PRAHL, FREDERICK A. RIcE, LAWRENCE A.
RicH, EDWARD P.
RICHARDS, J. DEFOREST
RICHARDSON, GEORGE A.
RICHARDSON, Guy A.
RICHTER, Mrs. ADELYN W.
RICHTER, BRUNO
RICKCORDS, FRANCIS 8.
RICKETTS, C. LINDSAY
RIDDLE, HERBERT H.
RIDGEWAY, E.
RIDGWAY, WILLIAM
RIEMENSCHNEIDER, Mrs. J. H.
QUIGLEY, WILLIAM J. Rigs, Dr. EMIL
QUINLAN, Dr. WILLIAM W. RIESER, Mrs. HERMAN
RIETZ, ELMER W.
RIETzZ, WALTER H.
RADFORD, Mrs. W. A., JR. RIGNEY, WILLIAM T.
RarFr, Mrs. ARTHUR RINDER, E. W
RAFTREE, Miss JULIA M. RING Miss NEARY E
RAILTON, MISS FRANCES RIPstTR A, J. HENRI ;
RANDALL, CHARLES P. RITTENHOUSE, CHARLES J.
RANDALL, REV. EDWIN J. ROACH, CHARLES
RANDALL, IRVING ROBBINS, oe
RANDLE, Guy D. ROBERTS, CLARK T.
RANDLE, HANSON F. RoseErts, JOHN M.
RANKIN, Miss JESSIE H. RoBerTs, S. M.
Pratt, Mrs. WILLIAM E.
PRIMLEY, WALTER S.
PRINCE, REV. HERBERT W.
PRINCE, LEONARD M.
PRUSSING, MRS. GEORGE C.
Psota, Dr. FRANK J.
PULVER, HuGO
PURCELL, JOSEPH D.
PurpDy, SPARROW E.
Pusey, Dr. WILLIAM ALLEN
PutNAM, Miss MABEL C.
Rapau, HuGo
RASMUSSEN, GEORGE ROBERTS, Mrs. WARREN R.
RATHJE, WILLIAM J. ROBERTS, WILLIAM MUNSELL
Ray, HAL 8. RoBINSON, Mrs. MILTON E., SR.
RAYMOND, Mrs. HowarpD D. Rosson, Mrs. SARAH C.
RAYNER, ARNOLD P. RocHE, Miss EMILY
Razin, A. J. ROCKWELL, HAROLD H.
REACH, BENJAMIN RODERICK, SOLOMON P.
REDINGTON, F. B. Ropcers, Dr. Davin C.
REDINGTON, Mrs. W. H. RopMAN, THOMAS CLIFFORD
REED, Mrs. KERSEY COATES RoEHLING, C. E.
REED, Norris H. ROEHLING, Mrs. OTTo G.
REED, Mrs. PHILIP L. ROEHM, GEORGE R.
REEVE, Mrs. EARL Rocers, Miss ANNIE T.
REEVE, FREDERICK E. RoGsERS, BERNARD F.
REGENSTEINER, THEODORE RoceErs, Dr. Cassius C.
REGNERY, WILLIAM H. ROGERS, JOSEPH E.
REHM, FRANK A. ROGERSON, EVERETT E.
252 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsTORY—REportTs, Vou. IX
ROLOSON, ROBERT M.
ROMER, Miss DAGMAR E.
ROMPEL, Mrs. WALTER
Root, JOHN W.
ROSEN, M. R.
ROSENBAUM, Mrs. EDwIN S.
ROSENFIELD, Mrs. MAURICE
ROSENFIELD, WILLIAM M.
ROSENTHAL, JAMES
ROSENTHAL, KuRT
ROSENTHAL, LESSING
ROSENWALD, RICHARD M.
Ross, CHARLES §.
Ross, ROBERT C.
Ross, Mrs. ROBERT E.
Ross, THOMPSON
Ross, WALTER S.
RotTH, AARON
RotH, Mrs. MARGIT HOCHSINGER
ROTHACKER, WATTERSON R.
ROTHSCHILD, GEORGE WILLIAM
ROTHSCHILD, MAURICE L.
ROTHSCHILD, MELVILLE N.
ROWE, EDGAR C.
ROZELLE, Mrs. EMMA
RUBEL, DR. MAURICE
RUBENS, Mrs. CHARLES
RUBOVITS, TOBY
RUCKELHAUSEN, Mrs. HENRY
RUECKHEIM, F. W.
RUECKHEIM, Miss LILLIAN
RUEL, JOHN G.
RUSHTON, JOSEPH A.
RUSSELL, Dr. J. W.
RUSSELL, PAUL S.
RUTLEDGE, GEORGE E.
RYERSON, Mrs. Epwarb L., Sr.
RYERSON, JOSEPH T.
SACKLEY, Mrs. JAMES A.
SAGE, W. OTIS
SALISBURY, Mrs. WARREN M.
SALMON, Mrs. E. D.
SAMMONS, WHEELER
SANDIDGE, Miss DalIsy
SANDS, Mrs. FRANCES B.
SARDESON, ORVILLE A.
SARGENT, CHESTER F.
SARGENT, JOHN R. W.
SARGENT, RALPH
SAUER, WILLIAM A.
SAUTER, FRED J.
SAUTER, LEONARD J.
SAWYER, Dr. ALVAH L.
SCHACHT, JOHN H.
SCHAFFER, DR. DAvID N.
SCHAFFNER, Mrs. JOSEPH
SCHAFFNER, ROBERT C.
SCHEIDENHELM, EDWARD L.
SCHEINMAN, JESSE D.
SCHERMERHORN, W. I.
SCHEUNEMANN, ROBERT G.
SCHLAKE, WILLIAM
SCHMIDT, DR. CHARLES L.
SCHMIDT, Mrs. MINNA
SCHMITZ, Dr. HENRY
SCHMITZ, NICHOLAS J.
SCHMUTZ, Mrs. ANNA
SCHNEIDER, F. P.
SCHNERING, OTTO Y.
SCHNUR, RUTH A.
SCHOLL, Dr. WILLIAM M.
SCHRAM, Harry S.
SCHREINER, S.
SCHROEDER, Dr. GEORGE H.
SCHUKRAFT, WILLIAM
SCHULMAN, A. S.
SCHULZE, Mrs. MATHILDE
SCHULZE, WILLIAM
SCHUPP, PHILIP C.
SCHUYLER, MRs. DANIEL J., JR.
SCHWANKE, ARTHUR
SCHWARTZ, CHARLES K.
SCHWARTZ, CHARLES P.
SCHWARZ, HERBERT
SCHWARZHAUPT, EMIL
SCLANDERS, Mrs. ALEXANDER
ScoTT, FRANK H.
Scott, ROBERT L.
SCULLY, Mrs. D. B., Sr.
SEAMAN, GEORGE M.
SEAMES, Mrs. CHARLES O.
SEARS, J. ALDEN
SEARS, RICHARD W., JR.
SEAVER, A. E.
SEAVERNS, GEORGE A.
SEE, Dr. AGNES CHESTER
SEEBERGER, MISS Dora A.
SEEBURG, JUSTUS P.
SEIFERT, Mrs. WALTER J.
SEIP, EMIL G.
SEIPP, CLARENCE T.
SEIPP, EDWIN A.
SEIPP, WILLIAM C.
SELLO, GEORGE W.
SENCENBAUGH, Mrs. G. W.
SENG, FRANK J.
SENG, J. T.
SENG, V. J.
SENNE, JOHN A.
JAN. 1932
SHAFFER, CARROLL
SHAFFER, CHARLES B.
SHAMBAUGH, DR. GEORGE E.
SHANESY, RALPH D.
SHANNON, ANGUS R.
SHAPIRO, MEYER
SHARPE, N. M.
SHAW, ALFRED P.
SHAW, Mrs. HowarpD
SHAW, THEODORE A.
SHEEHY, EDWARD
SHELDON, JAMES M.
SHELTON, Dr. W. EUGENE
SHEPHERD, Mrs. EDITH P.
SHERIDAN, ALBERT D.
SHERMAN, MRs. FRANCIS C., SR.
SHIELDS, JAMES CULVER
SHILLESTAD, JOHN N.
SHIRE, MosEs E.
SHOAN, NELS
SHOCKEY, Mrs. WILLIS G.
SHOREY, CLYDE E.
SHoup, A. D.
SHUMWAY, Mrs. EDWARD DEWITT
SHUMWAY, P. R.
SHUTZ, ALBERT FE.
SIGMAN, LEON
SILANDER, A. I.
SILBERMAN, CHARLES
SILBERMAN, DAVID B.
SILBERMAN, HUBERT S.
SILLS, CLARENCE W.
SILVERTHORNE, GEO. M.
SIMOND, ROBERT E.
SIMONDS, J. P.
SIMONEK, Dr. B. K.
SINCERE, BENJAMIN
SINCLAIR, DR. J. FRANK
SINGER, Mrs. MORTIMER H.
SITZER, Dr. L. GRACE POWELL
SKOOGLUND, DAVID
SLEEPER, MRS. OLIVE C.
SLocum, J. E.
SMITH, Mrs. C. R.
SMITH, Mrs. EMERY J.
SMITH, Mrs. FRANK S.
SMITH, FRANKLIN P.
SMITH, HAROLD BYRON
SMITH, JENS
SMITH, JESSE E.
SMITH, Mrs. KATHERINE WALKER
SMITH, Mrs. KINNEY
SMITH, SAMUEL K.
SMITH, SIDNEY
SMITH, Mrs. THEODORE WHITE
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 253
SMITH, WALTER BOURNE
SMITH, WALTER BYRON
SMITH, Mrs. WILLIAM A.
SMITH, Z. EROL
SMULLAN, ALEXANDER
SNOW, EDGAR M.
SNOW, FRED A.
SOCRATES, NICHOLAS
SOLEM, DR. GEORGE O.
SOMERVILLE, ROBERT
SONNENSCHEIN, EDWARD
SONNENSCHEIN, HuGo
SONNENSCHEIN, DR. ROBERT
SONNEVELD, JACOB
SOPER, HENRY M.
SOPKIN, MRs. SETIA H.
SORAVIA, JOSEPH
SORENSEN, JAMES
SPIEGEL, MRS. FREDERICK W.
SPIEGEL, Mrs. MAE O.
SPITZ, JOEL
SPITZ, LEO
SPITZGLASS, Mrs. LEONARD M.
SPOHN, JOHN F.
SPOOR, MRs. JOHN A.
SPRAGUE, DR. JOHN P.
SPRINGER, Mrs. SAMUEL
SQUIRES, JOHN G.
STAACK, OTTO C.
STALEY, Miss Mary B.
STANTON, EDGAR
STANTON, Dr. E. M., SR.
STANTON, HENRY T.
STARRELS, JOEL
STEBBINS, FRED J.
STEFFENS, RALPH SUTHERLAND
STEFFEY, DAVID R.
STEIN, BENJAMIN F.
STEIN, DR. IRVING
STEIN, L. MONTEFIORE
STEIN, SAMUEL M.
STENSON, FRANK R.
STERBA, DR. JOSEPH V.
STERN, ALFRED WHITAL
STERN, DAVID B.
STERN, FELIX
STERN, MAURICE S.
STERN, Oscar D.
STEVENS, DELMAR A.
STEVENS, EDWARD J.
STEVENS, ELMER T.
STEVENS, HAROLD L.
STEVENS, JAMES W.
STEVENS, Mrs. JAMES W.
STEVENS, R. G.
254 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
STEVENS, RAYMOND W.
STEVENSON, DR. ALEXANDER F.
STEVENSON, E.
STEWART, Miss AGNES N.
STEWART, MISS EGLANTINE DAISY
STEWART, JAMES S.
STEWART, MISS MERCEDES GRAEME
STIBOLT, Mrs. CARL B.
STIGER, CHARLES W., SR.
STIRLING, MISS DOROTHY
STOCKTON, Miss JOSEPHINE
STONE, Mrs. JACOB S.
STRANDBERG, ERIK P., SR.
STRAUS, DAVID
STRAUS, MARTIN L.
STRAUS, MELVIN L.
STRAUS, S. J. T.
Strauss, Dr. ALFRED A.
STRAUSS, HENRY X.
STRAUSS, JOHN L.
STREET, Mrs. CHARLES A.
STROBEL, CHARLES L.
STROMBERG, CHARLES J.
STRONG, EDMUND H.
STROTZ, HAROLD C.
STRUBY, Mrs. WALTER VY.
STULIK, DR. CHARLES
STURGES, HOLLISTER
STURGES, SOLOMON
STURTEVANT, HENRY D.
SUEKOFF, LoulIs A.
SULLIVAN, HON. JOHN J.
SULZBERGER, FRANK L.
SUMNER, STEPHEN C. ~
SUTCLIFFE, Mrs. GARY
SUTHERLAND, WILLIAM
SWAN, OSCAR H.
SWANSON, JOSEPH E.
SWARTCHILD, EDWARD G.
SWARTCHILD, WILLIAM G.
SWENSON, S. P. O.
SWETT, ROBERT WHEELER
SwirT, ALDEN B.
SWIFT, EDWARD F., JR.
SYKES, Mrs. WILFRED
TAFT, JOHN H.
TARRANT, ROBERT
TATGE, Mrs. GUSTAVUS J.
TAYLOR, CHARLES C.
TAYLOR, GEORGE HALLECK
TAYLOR, J. Hi.
TEMPLETON, STUART J.
TEMPLETON, Mrs. W.
TEMPLETON, WALTER L.
TENNEY, HORACE KENT
TERRY, Foss BELL
TETER, LUCIUS
THATCHER, EVERETT A.
THEOBALD, DR. JOHN J.
THOMAS, EDWARD H.
THOMAS, EMMET A.
THOMAS, FRANK W.
THOMAS, Mrs. Harry L.
THOMAS, DR. WILLIAM A.
THOMPSON, ARTHUR H.
THOMPSON, CHARLES E.
THOMPSON, CHARLES F.
THOMPSON, EDWARD F.
THOMPSON, DR. GEORGE F.
THOMPSON, MRS. JOHN R.
THOMPSON, JOHN R., JR.
THOMPSON, Mrs. LEVERETT
THORNE, HALLETT W.
THORNE, JAMES W.
THORNTON, CHARLES S.
THORNTON, Dr. FRANCIS E.
TuHorpP, Harry W.
THRESHER, C. J.
THULIN, F. A.
TIGHE, Mrs. B. G.
TILDEN, AVERILL
TILDEN, LOUIS EDWARD
TILT, CHARLES A.
TOBIAS, CLAYTON H.
TORBET, A. W.
TOUCHSTONE, JOHN HENRY
TOWLE, LERoy C.
TOWLER, KENNETH F.
TOWNE, Mrs. ARTHUR F.
Towne, Mrs. JOHN D. G.
TRAINER, J. MILTON
TRAYLOR, Mrs. Dorotuy J.
TREDWELL, JOHN
TRENCH, MRS. DANIEL G.
TRIPP, CHESTER D.
TROMBLY, Dr. F. F.
TROWBRIDGE, RAYMOND W.
TRUDE, Mrs. MARK W.
TUCKER, S. A.
TURNER, ALFRED M.
TURNER, DR. B. S.
TURNER, TRACY L.
TUTHILL, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
TUTTLE, F. B.
TUTTLE, HENRY EMERSON
TUTTLE, Mrs. HENRY N.
TYLER, ALBERT S.
TYLER, ORSON K.
TYRRELL, MRS. PERCY
JAN. 1932
UHLMANN, FRED
ULLMAN, Mrs. N. J.
UpuHaM, Mrs. FREDERIC
VALENTINE, JOSEPH L.
VALENTINE, Mrs. May L.
VALENTINE, PATRICK A.
VANCLEEF, Mrs. NOAH
VANCLEEF, PAUL
VANDEVENTER, CHRISTOPHER
VANNESS, GARDINER B.
VANSCHAICK, GERARD
VANWINELE, JAMES Z.
VANZWOLL, HENRY B.
VAUGHAN, LEONARD H.
VAWTER, WILLIAM A., II
VEEDER, Mrs. HENRY
VEEDER, MISS JESSIE
VEHE, Dr. K. L.
VEHON, MorRIS
VEHON, WILLIAM H.
VIAL, CHARLES H.
VIAL, Miss Mary M.
VICKERY, MISS MABEL S.
Victor, Mrs. JESSIE K.
VIERLING, LOUIS
VINCENT, Mrs. WILLIAM WATKINS
VoLicas, DR. JOHN N.
VoLk, Mrs. JOHN H.
VoNCOLDITZ, Dr. G. THOMSEN-
VoNGLAHN, Mrs. AUGUST
VOORHEES, Mrs. CONDIT
VoPIcKA, CHARLES J.
WAGNER, FRITZ, JR.
WAGNER, Dr. G. W.
WAGNER, JOHN E.
WAGNER, Mrs. Mary G.
WALGREEN, Mrs. CHARLES R.
WALKER, JAMES
WALKER, Mrs. PAUL
WALKER, WILLIAM FE.
WALLACE, R. Y.
WALLACE, WALTER F.
WALLER, H. P.
WALLER, J. ALEXANDER
WALLER, Mrs. JAMES B.
WALLER, JAMES B., JR.
WALLERICH, GEORGE W.
WALLOVICK, J. H.
WANNER, Mrs. HENRY J.
Warp, Epwarp J. E.
Warp, Mrs. N. C.
Ware, Mrs. CHARLES W.
Ware, Mrs. LYMAN
WARFIELD, EDWIN A.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 255
WARREN, ALLYN D.
WARREN, J. LATHAM
WARREN, PAUL C.
WARREN, WALTER G.
WARWICK, W. E.
WASHBURNE, CLARKE
WASHBURNE, HEMPSTEAD, JR.
WASHINGTON, LAURENCE W.
WASSELL, JOSEPH
WATERMAN, Dr. A. H.
WATSON, WILLIAM UPTON
WaAtTTS, Harry C.
WATZEK, J. W., JR.
WAUD, E. P.
WAYMAN, CHARLES A. G.
WEAN, FRANK L.
WEAVER, CHARLES A.
WEBB, GEORGE D.
WEBB, Mrs. THOMAS J.
WEBER, BERNARD F.
WEBER, FRANK C.
WEBSTER, ARTHUR L.
WEBSTER, MISS HELEN R.
WEBSTER, DR. RALPH W.
WEDELSTAEDT, H. A.
WEIL, ISIDOR
WEIL, MARTIN
WEILER, RUDOLPH
WEINSTEIN, Dr. M. L.
WEINZELBAUM, LOUIS L.
WEIS, SAMUEL W.
WEISBROD, BENJAMIN H.
WEISS, Mrs. MORTON
WEISSENBACH, Mrs. MINNA K.
WEISSKOPF, MAURICE J.
WEISSKOPF, Dr. Max A.
WELLS, ARTHUR G.
WELLS, ARTHUR H.
WELLS, Harry L.
WELLS, JOHN E.
WELLS, PRESTON A.
WELLS, THOMAS E.
WELLS, Mrs. THOMAS E.
WENDELL, BARRETT, JR.
WENTWORTH, Mrs. MossEs J.
WERMUTH, WILLIAM C.
WERNER, FRANK A.
WEST, J. Roy
West, Miss Mary SYLVIA
WESTERFELD, SIMON
WEstTRIcH, Miss T. C.
WETTEN, ALBERT H.
WETTLING, LOUIS E.
WEYMER, EARL M.
WHEALAN, EMMETT
256 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
WHEELER, GEORGE A.
WHEELER, LEO W.
WHEELER, LESLIE
WHEELER, MRS. ROBERT C.
WHINERY, CHARLES C.
WHITE, HAROLD F.
WHITE, Mrs. JAMES C.
WHITE, JAMES E.
WHITE, JOSEPH J.
WHITE, RICHARD T.
WHITE, ROBERT
WHITE, SELDEN FREEMAN
WHITEHOUSE, Howarp D.
WHITING, Mrs. ADELE H.
WHITING, J. H.
WHITLOCK, WILLIAM A.
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WIELAND, CHARLES J.
WIELAND, MRS. GEORGE C.
WIENHOEBER, GEORGE V.
WILDER, HAROLD, JR.
WILDER, JOHN E.
WILDER, Mrs. JOHN E.
WILDER, Mrs. T. E., Sr.
WILKINS, GEORGE LESTER
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WILKINSON, JOHN C.
WILLETTS, GEORGE M.
WILLEY, Mrs. CHARLES B.
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WILLIAMS, Dr. A. WILBERFORCE
WILLIAMS, Harry L.
WILLIAMS, J. M.
WILLIAMS, LUCIAN M.
WILLIAMSON, GEORGE H.
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WILMS, HERMAN P.
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ALLING, CHARLES
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CHISLETT, Dr. H. R.
CoMBES, Mrs. Dora F.
WINTER, IRVING
WITHERS, ALLEN L. :
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WoLeEy, Dr. Harry P.
Wo.r, Mrs. ALBERT H.
Wo Fr, HENRY M.
Wo.r, WALTER B.
Wo trFr, Louis
Woop, Mrs. GERTRUDE D.
Woop, Mrs. HAROLD F.
Woop, JOHN G.
Woon, JoHN H.
Woop, Kay, JR.
Woop, ROBERT E.
Woop, WILLIAM G.
WOODMANSEE, FAY
WooDRUFF, GEORGE
Woops, WEIGHTSTILL
Woopwarp, C. H.
WORCESTER, MRS. CHARLES H.
Work, ROBERT
WoRMSER, LEO F.
WorTH, Miss HELEN E.
Wortuy, Mrs. S. W.
WRENN, Mrs. EVERTS
WRIGHT, WARREN
WRIGLEY, Mrs. CHARLES W.
WUNDERLE, H. O.
WYETH, Harry B.
YEGGE, C. FRED
YERKES, RICHARD W.
YONDORF, JOHN DAVID
YONDORF, MILTON §S.
YONDORF, MILTON S., JR.
YOUNG, GEORGE W.
YOUNG, HuGH E.
ZABEL, MAx W.
ZAPEL, ELMER
ZEISLER, Mrs. ERWIN P.
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ZEUCH, Dr. Lucius H.
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ZORK, DAVID
ZULFER, P. M.
DECBASED, 1931
COREY, CHESTER
Curtis, AUGUSTUS D.
DEWEY, Mrs. ALBERT B., SR.
Dux, JOSEPH G.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 257
FOSTER, STEPHEN A.
GATZERT, AUGUST
GILMER, Dr. THOMAS L.
GREGSON, WILLIAM L.
HOOVER, FRANK K.
JUERGENS, WILLIAM F.
MAGEE, HENRY W.
Mark, ANSON
MARRIOTT, ABRAHAM R.
MATTHIESSEN, Mrs. PECK-
MEYER, EDWIN F.
MORAND, SIMON J.
NEFF, NETTELTON
NELSON, FRANK G.
OLIVER, FRED S.
PALMER, PROFESSOR CLAUDE IRWIN
PARKER, DR. RALPH W.
PETRU, E. J.
PLATT, HENRY RUSSELL
RASCHKE, Dr. E. H.
REHM, WILLIAM H.
RINALDO, PHILIP S.
SIMONDS, O. C.
SINDEN, HENRY P.
SPINDLER, OSCAR
STAIGER, MRS. CHARLES
STRONG, WALTER A.
TURNER, Mrs. CHARLTON A.
WALLER, EDWARD C.
NON-RESIDENT ASSOCIATE MEMBERS
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PHILLIPS, MONTAGU AUSTIN
SUSTAINING MEMBERS
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ABRAHAMSON, HENRY M.
ALDRICH, Mrs. GEORGE CAPRON
Ausip, Mrs. CHARLES H.
ATLass, H. LESLIE
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Eppy, Mrs. AUGUSTUS W.
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258 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
FETCHER, EDWIN S.
FINNERUD, DR. CLARK W.
Fix, FREDERICK W.
FORGAN, Mrs. J. RUSSELL
FRENCH, DUDLEY K.
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HAYSLETT, ARTHUR J.
HENRY, HUNTINGTON B.
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HINES, CHARLES M.
HINTZ, JOHN C.
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HOHMAN, Dr. E. H.
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INGEMAN, LYLE S.
JENKINS, DAvID F. D.
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KEMPER, DR. MALCOLM
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ROBBINS, PERCY A.
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RORRISON, JAMES
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ROTHSCHILD, JUSTIN
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RYERSON, DONALD M.
SAMPSELL, MARSHALL FE.
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SHAW, ANDREW H.
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SLADE, Mrs. ROBERT
SMITH, CHARLES S. B., SR.
SPIELMANN, OSCAR P.
STALEY, Mrs. MAUDE
STEARNS, Mrs. RICHARD I.
JAN. 1932
STEVENSON, Mrs. ROBERT
STOCKTON, EUGENE M.
SUDLER, CARROLL H., JR.
SuTTON, HAROLD I.
SWIECINSKI, WALTER
THOMPSON, MrS. CHARLES M.
THOMPSON, FRED L.
THORNE, MRS. VIRGINIA HUBBELL
TILDEN, Mrs. EDWARD
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TrRuDE, Hon. DANIEL P.
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VAIL, CARLTON M.
ViGNES, MIss LAURA ALICE
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
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VORIES, HARRY F., JR.
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WARNER, JOHN ELIOT
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WATSON, MIss MINA M.
WELTER, JOHN N.
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WHITE, SANFORD B.
WHITING, LAWRENCE H.
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Wricat, H. K.
Younc, Mrs. CARYL B.
DECBASED, 1931
HUNTER, ROBERT H.
VEHON, SIMON HENRY
ANNUAL MEMBERS
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AAGAARD, WALTER S., JR.
ABBOTT, EDWIN H.
ABBOTT, ERNEST V.
ABELLS, H. D.
ABORN, E. A.
ABRAHAMSON, JOHN
ABRAMS, HYMAN B.
ABT, Huco A. F.
ABT, Dr. Isaac A.
Ast, Mrs. J. J.
ACKERT, Mrs. CHARLES H.
ApDAms, CYRUS H., JR.
Apams, Mrs. DavipD T.
ADAMS, HARVEY M.
Apams, Mrs. HEnry T.
ADAMS, HucH R.
ADAMS, J. KIRK
ADAMs, Miss M. JOICE
ADAMS, Miss NELLIE MALINA
ADAMS, SAMUEL P.
ADDAMS, MIss JANE
AGAR, MRS. WILLIAM GRANT
Acar, W. S., Sr.
AHNFELT, JOHN
AISHTON, RICHARD A.
ALBERS, Dr. EpGaAR H.
ALDEN, W. T.
ALDRICH, FREDERICK C.
ALESSIO, FRANK
ALEXANDER, Harry T.
ALLEN, Dr. A. V.
ALLEN, AMOS G.
ALLEN, C. D.
ALLEN, EDWIN D.
ALLEN, HARRY W.
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ALLEN, JOHN D.
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ALRUTZ, DR. LouIs F.
ALSAKER, Mrs. ALFRED
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ALT, GEORGE E.
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ANDERSON, Mrs. A. W.
ANDERSON, ADOLPH
ANDERSON, ARCH W.
ANDERSON, B. G.
ANDERSON, DAVID G.
ANDERSON, ELMER T.
259
260 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
ANDERSON, Mrs. HARRY
ANDERSON, Dr. J. B.
ANHEISER, HuGco
ANOFF, ISADOR S.
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ASHBURNER, Mrs. HELEN F.
ASHCRAFT, EDWIN M., JR.
ASHLEY, NOBLE W.
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BAKER, H. A.
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_ BooNE, CHARLES LEVERITT
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
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BoyYLES, CHARLES D.
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BRADLEY, HERBERT E.
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BROOME, JOHN SPOOR
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BROOMELL, CHESTER C.
261
262 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
BROUGHAM, DR. EDWARD J.
BROWER, JULE F.
Brown, ALVIA K.
Brown, Dr. CALVIN E.
BROWN, CHARLES W.
BROWN, CHARLES W.
Brown, MIss CLARA M.
BRowWN, Dr. E. V. L.
BROWN, EDWARD EAGLE
BROWN, MIssS ELEANOR M.
Brown, Miss ELLA W.
BROWN, GEORGE A.
BROWN, GERARD S.
Brown, H. A.
Brown, J. D.
BROWN, JAMES EARL
Brown, Mrs. J. F.
BROWN, ROBERT B.
BROWN, WILBUR M.
BROWN, WILLIAM A.
Brown, Mrs. WILLIAM F.
BROWNE, THEODORE C.
BROWNING, Mrs. LUELLA A.
BRUCKER, DR. EDWARD A.
BRUCKER, DR. MATTHEW W.
BRUMBACK, Mrs. A. H.
BRUMLEY, DANIEL JOSEPH
BRUNER, HENRY P.
BRUNKER, A. R.
IBRUNTA Ue e-
BRYANT, DONALD R.
BRYANT, Mrs. EDWARD F.
BrYCE, T. JERROLD
BUCHANAN, MRS. GORDON
BUCHBINDER, DR. J. R.
Buck, NELSON EARL
BUCKINGHAM, MRs. JOHN
BUCKINGHAM, TRACY W.
BUCKLEY, MRS. WARREN
BUCKNER, Mrs. JOHN L., JR.
BUDDEKE, I. W.
BUELL, Mrs. CHARLES C.
BUHLIG, PAUL
BuKER, J. E.
BULLARD, SELLAR
BULLEN, Mrs. F. F.
BUNCK, EDWARD C.
Buncs, AucusT H., Sr.
BUNKER, CHARLES C.
Bunn, B. H.
BUNNELL, JOHN A.
BUNTE, MRS. THEODORE W.
BUNTING, Guy J.
BUNTS, FREDERICK W.
Burcu, R. L.
Burcu, Mrs. W. E., JR.
BURDICK, DR. ALFRED S.
BURKE, EDMUND
BURKHARDT, CHARLES E.
BURKITT, Mrs. BEULAH E.
BURNET, Mrs. W. A.
BURNHAM, DANIEL H.
BURNHAM, HUBERT
BURNS, JOHN J.
BuRRITT, D. F.
Burrows, Miss Louisa L.
Burrows, Mrs. T. W.
BuRRY, WILLIAM, JR.
BursIk, MIss EMILIE G.
BURTON, FRED A.
BuscH, FRANCIS X.
BUTLER, Mrs. GERALD M.
BuTLER, Mrs. RUSSELL E.
BUTTNER, WILLIAM C.
Butts, O. W.
BUXBAUM, MORRIS
BYFIELD, ERNEST L.
BYFIELD, Mrs. HERBERT A.
BYRNES, WILLIAM JEROME
CABLE, ARTHUR G.
CAHILL, WILLIAM A.
CAIN, G. R.
CALDWELL, LOUIS G.
CALLAHAN, Mrs. A. F.
CALLAHAN, Mrs. FRANK J.
CALVIN, Dr. JOSEPH K.
CAMERON, OSSIAN
CAMMACK, HERBERT M.
Camp, BENJAMIN B.
CamP, J. BEIDLER
CAMPBELL, ARGYLE
CAMPBELL, DONALD A.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. JOHN G.
CAMPBELL, Mrs. R. D.
CAMPBELL, ROBERT W.
CAMPE, FRANK O.
CANAVAN, J. NEWELL
CAPPER, JOHN S.
CAREY, CHARLES FE.
CARL, OTTO FREDERICK
CARLSON, MISS BEATA M.
CARMAN, S§. 8.
CARNAHAN, MRS. GLEN C.
CARPENTER, HAROLD B.
CARPENTER, JOHN ALDEN
Carr, H. C.
CarRR, DR. JAMES G.
CARRINGTON, EDMUND
JAN. 1932
CARTEAUX, LEON L.
CARTER, ALLAN J.
CARTER, C. B.
Cary, Dr. WILLIAM
CASAVANT, GUSTAV A.
CasE, Dr. JAMES T.
CaSSADAY, Mrs. THOMAS G.
CASTENHOLZ, W. B.
CASTLE, C. S.
CASTLE, Mrs. CHARLES S.
CASTLE, SYDNEY
CASWELL, Mrs. A. B.
CAUGHLIN, Mrs. F. P.
CAVANAGH, Harry L.
CAVENEE, Mrs. C. M.
CERVENKA, JOHN A.
CHADWICK, MRS. GRIFFITH
CHAMBERLAIN, PROFESSOR CHARLES
JOSEPH
CHAMBERLIN, MRS. ADELE R.
CHAMBERLIN, MRS. ROLLIN T.
CHAMBERS, Mrs. HELEN 8S.
CHANDLER, CHARLES H.
CHANDLER, FRANK R.
CHANDLER, DR. FREMONT A.
CHANDLER, GEORGE M.
CHAPIN, RUFUS F.
CHAPMAN, WILLIAM GERARD
CHASE, SAMUEL T.
CHASE, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
CHESSMAN, L. W.
CHILDS, Mrs. FRED B.
CHILDS, KENT C.
CuHILDs, Mrs. R. W.
CHILDS, THERON W.
CHITTENDEN, ROBERT B.
CHRISTENSEN, HENRY C.
CHRISTIANSEN, Dr. HENRY
CHRISTOPHER, MRS. CARL J.
CHURCHILL, RICHARD S.
CLANCY, JAMES F.
CLANEY, Miss M. T.
CLARE, HERBERT O.
CLARK, Mrs. ARTHUR M.
CuaRK, C. P.
CLARK, MRS. EDWARD S.
CLARK, JAMES D.
CLARK, Miss MAupD F.
CuaARK, Mrs. RALPH E.
CLARK,. ROBERT H.
CLARK, WILLIAM JEROME
CLARKE, BROADUS J.
CLARKE, Mrs. FRED A.
CLARKE, Mrs. HENRY &., JR.
CLAUSSEN, EDMUND J.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
263
CLAYPOOL, GLEN F.
CLAYTON, FREDERICK W.
CLEARY, CHARLES H.
CLEARY, Mrs. D. F.
CLEARY, JOHN J.
CLEMENT, Mrs. ALLAN M.
CLEMENTS, REV. ROBERT
CLEMER, J. H.
CLEVELAND, Mrs. A. F.
CLIFFORD, THOMAS R.
CLITHERO, W. S.
CuIzBE, Mrs. F. O.
CLow, CHARLES R.
CLYNE, CHARLES F.
COALE, GEORGE M.
CoBURN, ALONZO J.
COBURN, JOHN J.
COCHRAN, J. L.
CocHRAN, Mrs. J. L.
CocHRAN, Miss NELLIE
COCHRANE, Mrs. A. B.
COCHRANE, A. K. O.
COCHRANE, MRS. ROBERT M.
Cor, FRANK GALT
CoFFIN, PERCY B.
CoFFMAN, A. B.
COHEN, A. E.
COHEN, IRVING LESLIE
COHEN, IRWIN
COHIEN, HENRY
COHN, CHARLES
CoHN, SAMUEL A.
COLBURN, WARREN E..
CoLE, LAWRENCE A.
COLEMAN, ALGERNON
COLEMAN, B. R.
COLEMAN, CLARENCE L.
COLEMAN, HAMILTON
COLLINS, ARTHUR W.
COLLINS, CHARLES W.
COLLINS, Mrs. FRANK P.
COLLINS, GEORGE R.
COLLINS, Dr. LORIN C.
COLLINS, Dr. RUFUS G.
COLNON, PHILIP
ConplitT, Mrs. J. S.
CONDON, MRs. JOHN
CONDON, THOMAS J.
ConkEY, H. P.
CONNOR, MRS. FREDERICK T.
CONOVER, HARVEY
CONRAN, MRS. WALTER A.
CONSOER, ARTHUR W.
CONVERSE, EARL M.
CONVERSE, WILLIAM A.
264 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
COoOBAN, FRANK G.
Cook, Miss EDITH S.
Cook, Dr. FRANCES H.
Cook, Louis T.
Cook, SIDNEY A.
CooKE, MRS. GEORGE J.
Coon, ROBERT E.
CooPER, Miss ADELAIDE
CooPER, CHARLES H.
Cooper, Mrs. HENRY N.
CoopPER, R., JR.
COPELAND, T. A.
CopPrEL, Mrs. CHARLES H.
CorRBIN, Mrs. DANA
CORNELIUS, J. F.
CORNELL, DR. EDWARD L.
CORNWELL, W. H.
CoRPER, ERWIN
Corry, Mrs. ADELINE M.
CoRSANT, Mrs. CHARLES KING
CorRWIN, Dr. ARTHUR M.
CoTTELL, Miss LOUISA
CouRSON, Harry C.
CouRTNEY, MISS MARTHA A.
Cowan, Mrs. GRACE L.
Cox, ARTHUR M.
CoZzENS, Mrs. FREDERICK B.
CRADDOCK, J. F.
CRAMER, Mrs. AMBROSE
CRAMER, Mrs. S. B.
CRAWFORD, ADAM W.
CRAWFORD, Mrs. WARREN
CREBER, Mrs. WALTER H.
CREED, DANIEL A.
CREEDON, Mrs. CLARA W.
CREGO, FRANK A.
CRELLIN, MISS Mary F.
Crooks, Mrs. H. D.
CrossBy, Mrs. FREDERICK W.
CrosBy, Miss SAMUELLA
Cross, GEORGE B.
Crow, W. R.
CROWDER, J. L.
CROWE, Miss Eva B.
CROWELL, DR. BOWMAN CORNING
CROWELL, Lucius A.
CULLEN, Dr. GEORGE
CuLLEY, Mrs. A. B.
CUNEO, FRANK
CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT
CUNNINGHAM, ROBERT M.
CURRAN, PETER A.
DAHLQUIST, C. M.
DAHNEL, Mrs. E. R.
DAICHES, ELI
DALLAS, C. DONALD
DALLSTREAM, ANDREW J.
DAMMANN, EDWARD C.
D’ANCcONA, A. E.
DANIELS, JAMES FE.
DANIELSON, FRED V.
DANKOWSKI, I. F.
DaTE, MRs. S. S.
DAVID, SIDNEY S.
DAVIDsoNn, Lucius H.
DAVIDSON, MORTON S.
DAVIES, P. W.
DAVIES, WILLIAM B.
Davis, A. M.
DAVIS, ALEXANDER M.
Davis, Dr. AMY REAMS
Davis, BRODE B.
DAVIS, CHARLES E.
Davis, Mrs. CHARLES P.
DAVIS, DON
Davis, E. E.
Davis, Mrs. F. BEN
Davis, Mrs. GEORGE A.
Davis, Dr. H. I.
DAvVIs, Mrs. NEWTON E.
DAVIS, PAUL H.
DAVIS, RALPH W.
DAVIS, WARREN T.
DAWES, NEIL B.
DAWSON, WILLIAM L.
Day, CLYDE L.
Day, Mrs. LEwIs J.
DEAN, WILLIAM D.
DEANE, RUTHVEN
DEANS, Mrs. HERBERT G. P.
DEBERARD, MISS GRACE
DEBogR, Mrs. KLAAS C.
Dess, Louis H.
DECKER, HIRAM E.
DEE, Mrs. WILLIAM E.
DEERY, Miss HELEN C.
DEFREES, Mrs. DONALD
DEFREES, Mrs. JOSEPH H.
DEFREES, Miss Mary L.
DEGENER, AUGUST W.
DEGENHARDT, DR. EDGAR
DEHNING, Mrs. C. H.
DEIMEL, MRS. JEROME L.
DEININGER, Mrs. D. M.
DELAMARTER, Mrs. ERIC
DeELoacu, Dr. R. J. H.
DELONG, F. T.
DEMAREE, H. S.
DENEEN, ROBERT J.
JAN. 1932
DENISTON, Mrs. ALBERT J., JR.
DENNIS, WILLARD P.
DEPEYSTER, FREDERIC A.
DERHAM, JOHN A.
DERING, Mrs. EDITH S.
DESAUTY, SYDNEY
D’EsposiTo, J.
DEUTSCHMANN, RUDOLPH
DIENER, GEORGE W.
DIGNAN, FRANK W.
DILLBAHNER, FRANK
DINGLE, Mrs. FLORENCE THOMAS
Dittmar, Miss LOUISE K.
DIxon, Mrs. WESLEY M.
DOERING, Mrs. EDMUND J., JR.
DOLESE, Miss MARIE
DONAHEY, Mrs. WILLIAM
DONNELLEY, THORNE
DORNEY, REV. MAURICE A.
DoscH, HENRY C.
DOWLING, T. F.
DRAKE, Mrs. SETH C.
DRAPER, JAMES
DRELL, Mrs. J. B.
DRENNAN, JOHN G.
DrREw, Miss E. L.
DREZMAL, Max A.
DRIELSMA, I. J.
DRINKWALTER, Miss KATE E.
DRYMALSKI, PAUL
Durry, Mrs. Mary E.
DUNBAUGH, GEORGE J.
DUNBAUGH, HARRY J.
DuNCAN, W. 8.
DUNIGAN, EDWARD B.
DuNuAP, Mrs. T. M.
DUNN, EDWARD J.
DUNNING, N. MAx
DUPEE, EUGENE H.
DURFEE, CARLISLE
DURHAM, RAYMOND E.
DURLAND, Miss ETHEL GRACE
Durr, Mrs. HERBERT A.
DWEN, ROBERT GREENE
EATON, Mrs. MARQUIS
EBELING, Mrs. GEORGE
Ecc.es, Dr. FRIEND R.
EcksTorM, Mrs. PAUL
EDLIN, Dr. J. VERNON
Epmonps, Miss NORA
EHRLICH, M. J.
EHRMAN, WALTER E.
EHRMANN, Dr. FRED J. E.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 265
EICHSTAEDT, Dr. J. J.
EILERT, Mrs. M. A.
EISENDRATH, MISS ELSA B.
EISENDRATH, JOSEPH L.
EITEL, EMIL
Ek, JOHN A.
ELAM, Mrs. FRANK HARRIS
ELDRED, Mrs. HARRIOT W.
ELEY, NING
EuicH, Mrs. HERMAN
ELIEL, Mrs. THERESA G.
ELKINGTON, CHARLES S.
ELLBOGEN, Mrs. Max
ELLERT, ARNOLD M.
ELLICSON, S. ADELBERT, SR.
ELLINSON, Mrs. WILLIAM J.
ELLIOTT, Dr. A. R.
ELLIOTT, FRANCKE C.
ELLIOTT, Mrs. O. EARL
ELLIoTT, Mrs. R. H.
ELLIS, C. GROVERMAN
ELLIS, FRANK I.
ELMENDORF, ARMIN
ELMER, Miss LULU SHEPARD
ELMSLIE, GEORGE G.
ELTING, VICTOR
EMERY, WILLIAM H.
EmIGc, Howarp A.
ENGELHART, FRANK C.
EMERY, Mrs. FRED A.
ENGLAND, EDWARD L.
ENGLANDER, MRS. MARCELITE
ENGLE, Mrs. WALTER
ENGLISH, JOHN J.
ENGSTROM, HAROLD
EPSTEIN, ALBERT K.
ERD, ARTHUR A.
ERICKSON, Mrs. E. T.
ERICKSON, ELMER
ERICKSON, H. E.
ERICKSON, HUBBARD H.
ERICSSON, DEWEY A.
ERIKSON, Mrs. G. F.
ERLEY, WALTER
ERZINGER, Mrs. MINNIE C.
Esponur, F. H.
ESPENSHADE, Mrs. E. B.
EsTES, C. E.
ETTELSON, Mrs. SAMUEL A.
EuLASS, ELMER A.
Evans, Miss ANNA B.
Evans, Mrs. ARTHUR T.
Evans, Miss BERTHA K.
EVANS, FLOYD BUTLER
Evans, Mrs. TIMOTHY WALLACE
266 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
EVERETT, EDWARD W.
EWING, DAVIS
FAHRENFELD, MRS. FRED W.
FALLS, Dr. S. H.
FALTYSEK, E. J.
FANI, FATHER CHARLES
FANNING, C. G.
FANTUS, Dr. BERNARD
FARLEY, Mrs. JOHN W.
FARNSWORTH, G. J.
FARQUHARSON, WILLIAM J.
FARRELL, WILLIAM W.
FARWELL, ALBERT D.
FARWELL, EDWARD P.
FARWELL, STANLEY P.
FAULKNER, DR. LOUIS
FELL, Miss FRANCES
FELSENTHAL, HERMAN
FENTON, J. R.
FERGUSON, Mrs. W. J.
FERRIS, MISS SARAH L.
FETZER, WADE, JR.
FETZER, WILLIAM R.
FEUCHTINGER, EUGENE
FEUCHTWANGER, MRS. JOSEPH, SR.
FIELD, FORREST WHIPPLE
FIELD, HEMAN H.
FIELD, HENRY
FIELD, Mrs. J. A.
FIELD, Mrs. WENTWORTH G.
FIELDHOUSE, CLARENCE B.
Fiery, E. IRVING
FINDLEY, DR. EPHRAIM K.
FINIGAN, THOMAS
Fink, Mrs. ARTHUR G.
FINK, R. A.
FISCHER, CHARLES H.
FISCHER, MRS. CHARLES W.
FISCHRUPP, GEORGE
FISHER, Mrs. WALTER E.
FITcH, THOMAS
FITZMORRIS, CHARLES C.
FITZPATRICK, Mrs. H. P.
FITZPATRICK, JAMES R.
FITZPATRICK, Mrs. T. F.
FLAHERTY, Mrs. EARL V.
FLAHERTY, JOSEPH F.
FLANIGAN, ARTHUR H.
FLEMING, Miss ADA M.
FLEMING, EDWARD J.
FLEMING, Mrs. JOSEPH B.
FLETCHER, MRs. R. V.
FLINN, Mrs. F. B.
FLOREEN, Mrs. ADOLPH R.
FLOYD, PAUL E.
FLYNN, MAURICE J.
FoLey, Mrs. JOHN BURTON
FoLsom, Mrs. WILLIAM R.
Foutz, F. C.
FoRCH, MRS. JOHN L., JR.
ForpD, Mrs. CHARLES E.
FORD, JAMES S.
ForpD, N. A.
Forp, Mrs. NORMAN J.
Forp, Mrs. T. A.
FORDYCE, MRs. R. L.
FOREMAN, DR. OLIVER C.
FORREST, GEORGE D.
FORREST, MAULSBY
FORRESTER, Mrs. W. W.
FORTELKA, DR. FRANK L.
FORTUNE, JOHN L.
FossurG, H. A.
FospDIck, K. I.
FOUCEK, CHARLES G.
Fox, HARVEY
Fox, Hueco E.
Foy, JOHN J.
FRAIZER, Mrs. LAWRENCE
FRAMB, C. L.
FRANCIS, Mrs. Daisy G.
FRANK, Mrs. ARTHUR A.
FRANK, DAVID
FRANK, JOHN M.
FRANK, SAMUEL I.
FRANKE, Dr. META E.
FRANKLIN, EGINGTON
FRASER, N. D.
FRAZEE, SEWARD C.
FRAZER, MRS. G. E.
FREDERICK, MRS. CLARENCE L.
FREEHOF, DR. SOLOMON B.
FREEMAN, Mrs. ERNEST H.
FREEMAN, VICTOR E.
FREITAG, F. J.
FRENCH, Mrs. Harry P.
FRENZEL, Mrs. HENRY
FREUND, ERWIN O.
FRIED, HARRY N.
FRIEDBERG, MRS. STANTON
FRIEDER, EDWARD N.
FRIEDRICHS, Mrs. EDITH E.
FRIEND, Mrs. ALEXANDER
FRIEND, OSCAR F.
FRISBIE, Mrs. Ipa D.
FROEBE, MIss EDITH
FRYMARK, AUGUST A.
Fucik, E. J.
FULLER, Mrs. EUGENE W.
JAN. 1932
FULLER, DR. GEORGE DAMON
FULTON, Mrs. FRANK M.
Funk, Mrs. C. 8.
Funk, G. W.
FUNKHAUSER, LEONARD K.
GABLE, HARLEY O.
GAITHER, OTHO S.
GALE, ABRAM
GALLAGHER, Mrs. F. H.
GALLAGHER, MRS. GEORGE F.
GALLAUER, C.
GALLOWAY, Dr. CHARLES E.
GALLOWAY, WILLIAM MARSHALL
GALVIN, JOSEPH X.
GANO, DAVID R.
GARDNER, ROBERT H.
GARLICK, R. C.
GARNER, F. J.
GARTSIDE, JOHN L.
GARVEY, Mrs. W. H.
GARWOOD, VICTOR E.
Gary, Dr. I. CLARK
GATES, PHILIP R.
GAUL, H. J.
Geum, Mrs. F. E.
GEIGER, Dr. A. H.
GERAGHTY, Mrs. THOMAS F.
GERE, Mrs. ALBERT H.
GERINGER, CHARLES M.
GERTZ, RUDOLPH V.
GERVAIS, Mrs. W. B.
GETSCHOW, GEORGE M.
GEYER, MRS. JOSEPH V.
Gripss, Mrs. WALTER M.
GIBBS, WILLIAM J.
GiBBs, DR. WILLIAM W.
GIBSON, CARL L.
GIBSON, Mrs. IRENE M.
Gipson, Mrs. WILL A., JR.
GIELSDORF, Miss HELEN P.
GILBERT, ALLAN T.
GILBERT, Miss HELEN R.
GILBERT, Mrs. N. C.
GILBERT, Mrs. T. G.
GILCHRIST, MISS HARRIET F.
GILES, Miss A. H.
Gites, Mrs. I. K.
GILES, DR. ROSCOE
GILKES, WILLIAM H.
GILL, ADOLPH
GILL, WALLACE
GILLANDERS, KENNETH
GILLELAND, P. H.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
GILLET, Harry O.
GILLETTE, Mrs. ELLEN D.
GILLETTE, HOWARD F.
GILPIN, GARTH G.
GINDELE, Mrs. C. W.
Gits, Mrs. REMI J.
GLADER, FRANK J.
GLADISH, REv. W. L.
GLASS, J. R.
GLASS, WILLIAM Q.
GLEDHILL, EDWARD
GLICK, BENJAMIN J.
GLIDDEN, Mrs. H. L.
GLOVER, Mrs. MANSON
GLYNN, Mrs. JOHN E.
GoBLE, Mrs. E. R.
GODDARD, Mrs. CONVERS
GODFREY, JOSEPH, JR.
GorETz, Mrs. ISABELLE R.
GOLDFIELD, Dr. B.
GOLDING, GUSTAV
GOLDMAN, Mrs. LouIS
GOLDMAN, Mrs. M.
GOLDSMITH, HENRY M.
GOLDSMITH, M. A.
GOODKIND, Mrs. A. L.
GORDON, Mrs. HAROLD J.
GoRDON, MISS MAUDE
GORE, Mrs. EDWARD E.
GoRHAM, MISS KATHRYN C.
GOTTSCHALK, Mrs. CHARLES H.
GOULD, GEORGE W.
GRAHAM, Mrs. C. DARWIN
GRAMM, Dr. CARL T.
GRANSTROM, P. M.
GRAUER, MILTON H.
GRAVER, PHILIP S.
GRAVES, MRs. B. C.
GRAVES, Mrs. GEORGE E.
GRAVES, Mrs. W. T.
Gray, Mrs. WILLIAM S.
GRAYDON, CHARLES E.
GREAR, W. S.
GREEN, ALBERT L.
GREEN, Mrs. GEORGE H.
GREEN, Miss MARY POMEROY
GREEN, WALTER H.
GREENEBAUM, MRS. ESTHER
GREENLEE, WILLIAM B.
GREGG, ROBERT D.
GREGORY, Mrs. ROBERT B.
GREIN, JOSEPH
GREINER, CLARENCE A.
GRENDESKE, Mrs. JOSEPH A.
Grey, NEWTON F.
267
268 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
GRIDLEY, Mrs. B. F.
GRIESSER, Mrs. HANS RICHARD
GRIFFIN, BENNETT
GRIFFIN, THOMAS D.
GRIFFITH, Mrs. CARROLL L.
GRIFFITH, MRS. JOHN L.
GRIFFITH, Mrs. M. A.
GRIMMER, Dr. A. H.
GRINNELL, FLINT
GRINNELL, ROBERT L.
GRISWOLD, Roy C.
GROEBE, LOUIS G.
GRoot, C.
Groot, Mrs. C.
GROSFIELD, MME. BERTHA M.
GRUENFELD, ADOLPH J.
GRUETZMACHER, CLYDE C.
GRUT, HARRY N.
GUDEMAN, DR. EDWARD
GUETTLER, H. W.
GUILLIAMS, JOHN R.
GUINAN, JAMES J.
GULLICKSON, ROLLO
GUNDERSON, Mrs. GEORGE O.
GUNGGOLL, MRs. G. A.
GUNKEL, GEORGE P.
GUNNAR, Mrs. H. P.
GUNNERMAN, Mrs. Louis H.
GUNTHER, SAMUEL L.
GURLEY, Miss HELEN K.
GUSFIELD, JULIEN J.
GUTHRIE, Miss Mary G.
Haas, ADOLPH R.
HAAS, SAMUEL L.
HACHMEISTER, HERMAN
Hack, Miss HELEN VY.
HACKETT, HORATIO B.
HADLOCK, GERALD B.
HAEDTLER, MARTIN C.
HAERTHER, Dr. A. G.
HAERTHER, WILLIAM W.
Hacky, J. F.
HAGGARD, GODFREY
HAINES, Miss TINA MAE
HAJEK, HENRY F.
HALAS, ANDREW G.
HALEY, Dr. C. O.
HALL, ARTHUR B.
HALL, EDWARD B.
HALL, GEORGE C.
HALL, HENRY C.
HALL, J. RUSSELL
HALL, Louis W.
HALL, ROBERT W.
HALLENBECK, MRS. C. W.
HALSTED, Mrs. A. E.
HAMBLETON, C. J.
HAMILTON, ALEX K.
HAMILTON, MRS. CHESTER F.
HAMILTON, EDGAR L.
HAMILTON, Hugo A.
HAMILTON, J. R.
HAMILTON, ROBERT J.
HAMILTON, MRs. Scott R.
HAMLINE, Mrs. JOHN H.
HaMMATT, Mrs. W. P.
HAMMEL, GEORGE E.
HAMMER, THOMAS H.
HAMMILL, MISss EDITH K.
HAMMOND, Mps. I. L.
HAMMOND, Roy E.
HAMMOND, MISS VIOLET F.
HAMMOND, WILLIAM J.
HANCOCK, FRANK A.
HANEY, Mrs. S. C.
HANKINS, HARRY
HANLEY, FREDERICK R.
HANN, J. ROBERTS
HANSEN, ADOLPH H.
HANSEN, A. S.
HANSEN, EDWARD C.
HANSKAT, Mrs. ROSE
Hanson, Aucust E.
HANSON, Harry E.
HANSON, Harry S.
HANSON, MARTIN J.
HARDER, Miss LOUISE
HARDING, MRS. CHARLES F.
HARDING, CHARLES F., JR.
HARDWICKE, HARRY
Harpy, HENRY G.
HarDy, WALTER DAVIS
HARMON, HUBERT P.
HARMON, JOHN H.
HARPEL, MRS. CHARLES J.
HARPER, JAMES H.
HARRIGAN, E. J.
HARRIMAN, FRANK B., SR.
Harris, Mrs. ABRAHAM
HarRIS, EWART
HARRIS, FRANK F.
Harris, Mrs. SAMUEL H.
Harris, W. H.
HarRRIS, WALLACE R.
HarRRIS, WILLIAM L.
HARRISON, EDWARD R.
HARRISON, HARRY P.
HARRISON, JAMES D.
HARROLD, JAMES P.
JAN. 1932
HARSHAW, MYRON T.
HARSHBARGER, MIss DEMA E.
Hart, Mrs. G. H.
HaArT, HARRY M.
Hart, Henry D.
Hart, Louis E.
Hart, MAx A.
Hart, Mrs. WALTER H.
HARTFORD, MRS. GEORGE FRANCIS
HARTIGAN, Mrs. A. F.
HARTIGAN, CLARE
HARTMANN, HENRY, SR.
HARTMANN, Mrs. Huco
HARVEY, BYRON S.
HARVEY, HAROLD B.
HARVEY, W. S., JR.
HARWOOD, FREDERICK
HASKELL, L. A.
HASKINS, RAYMOND G.
HASKINS, MRS. VIRGINIA W.
HASTINGS, EDMUND A.
HATTREM, HAROLD
HATTSTAEDT, MRS. JOHN J.
HAUGAN, JEVNE
HAUvpPT, WILLIAM W.
HAUSER, J. C.
HAUSLER, MRS. M.., JR.
HAuTsR, Mrs. A. N.
HAWKINS, F. P.
HAWKINS, J. C.
HAWKINSON, DR. OSCAR
HAWLEY, CLARENCE E.
HAWTHORNE, V. R.
HAYNES, Mrs. J. R.
HAYNES, RALPH B.
HayT, WILLIAM H.
HAyYWoop, Mrs. WILLIAM
HAZARD, MISS CAROLYN R.
HEALY, JOHN J.
HEATH, WILLIAM A.
HEBEL, HON. OSCAR
HEBERLING, RUSSELL L.
HECKEL, EDMUND P.
HECKLER, Mrs. ANDREW F.
HEcTorR, DR. WILLIAM S.
HEDBLOM, Mrs. CARL A.
HEDGES, FLEMING D.
HEDING, GUSTAVE
HEDMAN, JOHN A.
Hec, ERNEST, SR.
HEGBERG, R. O.
HEIDE, BERNARD H.
HEIFETZ, SAMUEL
HEINEKE, CARL
HEINEMAN, Mrs. P. G.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 269
HEINEMANN, JOHN B.
HELEBRANDT, LOUIS
HELLER, BRUNO F.
HENDERSON, B. E.
HENDERSON, Mrs. BURTON WATERS
HENDERSON, Mrs. C. K.
HENDERSON, CHARLES C.
HENKLE, I. 8.
HENNING, CHARLES F.
HENRICKSON, MAGNUS
HeEnrRY, C. DUFF
HENRY, CLAUDE D.
HENSCHEN, HENRY S.
HENSCHIEN, H. PETER
HENSEL, HERMAN E.
Hepp, MISS SERENA
HERBERT, Mrs. WILLIAM H.
HERDLISKA, MRs. F. I.
HERTEL, HuGo S.
HERTZ, Mrs. JOHN D.
HERTZBERG, EDWARD
HERZMAN, DR. MorRIS H.
Hegss, EDWARD J.
Hess, Mrs. J. H.
HEss, JOHN L.
Hess, Mrs. MILTON
Hess, Sou H.
HESSERT, GUSTAV
HESSLER, JOHN B.
HETTRICK, WILLIAM J.
HEUBACH, Mrs. LYDIA
Heym, Dr. A.
HEYMANN, EMANUEL H.
HEYMANN, L. H.
HEYWOOD, OLIVER C.
HIBBARD, ANGUS 8.
HIBBERT, MISS BERTHA
HIBLER, Mrs. JOHN HENRY
HICKOK, FRANK M.
Hicks, Mrs. E.Lvis L.
Hicks, Mrs. W. T.
HIGH, SHIRLEY T.
HIGHLEY, Miss LYLE A.
HILL, Mrs. Cyrus G.
HILL, DUKE
Hinu, Mrs. FRANK L.
HILL, Mrs. MARSHALL W.
HILL, Miss MEDA A.
HILLIARD, Mrs. WILLIAM
HILLIKER, Miss RAY
HILLMAN, EDWARD
HILLS, CHARLES W., SR.
HILLYER, DWIGHT E.
HILPERT, WILLIS S.
HILTon, HENRY H.
270 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
HINDS, GEORGE T.
HINES, RALPH J.
HIRSCHBERG, Dr. ABRAM
HirsH, MORRIS HENRY
Hitcu, Mrs. Rurus M.
HITCHCOCK, R. M.
HITER, FRANK A.
HOADLEY, Mrs. ARTHUR G.
Hoac, Mrs. JUNIUS C.
HocuH, Mrs. WILLIAM
HocHeE, Mrs. EDMOND S.
HOCHSTADTER, G.
Hopces, THOMAS P.
HOEFER, ERNEST
Hoert, Mrs. ADOLPH R.
HOELLEN, JOHN J.
Horr, C. W.
HOFFMAN, Mrs. ERNST H.
HOLABIRD, JOHN A.
HOLDEN, C. R.
HOLDEN, HALE, JR.
Hoe, PERRY L.
HOLLENBACH, CHARLES H.
HOLLISTER, FRANCIS H.
Houioway, Harry C.
HOLLOWAY, OWEN B.
HoLM, GOTTFRIED
HouM, WALTER T.
HOLMAN, ALFRED L.
HOLMEAD, ALFRED
HOLMES, Dr. BAYARD
HOLMES, FRED C.
HoumeEs, Mrs. ROBERT L.
HoLMEsS, THOMAS J.
HOLMES, WILLIAM
HOoLrRAN, Mrs. JOHN RAYMOND
Hout, Mrs. ARTHUR E.
Hout, JAMES A.
Hott, MCPHERSON
HOLZWORTH, CHRISTOPHER E.
HonoreE, Mrs. LocKwooD
Hoop, GEORGE A.
Hoocs, Dr. Lupwie F.
Hopkins, ALVAH S.
HoRNER, HON. HENRY
HORNER, WALTER A.
HORNUNG, JOSEPH J.
HORWEEN, ISADORE
HORWEEN, RALPH
HorwIcH, PHILIP
HOSFORD, WILLIAM R.
HOUGHTELING, JAMES L.
Houser, Mrs. AGNES RICKS
Howarp, Mrs. O. McG.
HOWARD, P. S.
HOWARD, WILLIAM H.
Howe8, IRWIN M.
Hoyer, THOMAS H.
Hoyt, N. LANDON, JR.
Hoyt, WILLIAM M., II
HRYNIEWIECKI, DR. STEFAN
HUARD, WILLIAM G.
HUBACHEK, FRANK BROOKES
HUBBARD, E. J.
HUBBARD, JOHN M.
HUBBARD, Mrs. WILLIAM SILLERS
HUBBELL, MIss GRACE
HUBBELL, WILLIAM J.
HvuEBSCH, Mrs. HELEN M.
HUENINK, H. L.
HUETTMANN, FRED
Hurty, Mrs. F. P.
HUGHES, GEORGE E.
HuGHES, Mrs. JAMES
HuGHES, REV. RICHARD D.
HUGHES, W. V.
HUGUENOR, LLOYD B.
HUuLL, IRVING W.
HULL, ROBERT W.
Hu.tTin, N. H.
HUMAN, MICHAEL G.
HUMISTON, DR. CHARLES E.
Hunt, Mrs. RoBERT G.
Hunt, W. PRESCOTT, JR.
HUNTER, W. KELSO
HurRpD, Mrs. F. A.
Hourp, Harry B.
Hurp, Max H.
HURLEY, FRANK J.
Hurst, Mrs. WAYNE LLOYD
HuRWITH, HowarpD K.
Hurwitz, Morris J.
Husak, Mrs. L. MILTON
Husar, FRANK
HuSMANN, Mrs. THEODORE F.
HUTCHINSON, Mrs. C. L.
HUTCHISON, MISS JEAN
HUuTTEL, Mrs. A. N.
HUXLEY, HENRY M.
HyMeErs, Mrs. EDWARD
HYNDMAN, Mrs. A. H.
HYNES, DIBRELL
IcELY, LAWRENCE B.
INDERRIEDEN, MIss L. E.
INGRAM, HAROLD S.
INGRAM, Mrs. JOHN
INNES, Mrs. FREDERICK L.
IRALSON, Mrs. MOSES
IRWIN, A. CHARLES
JAN. 1932
IRWIN, Amory T.
IRWIN, GORDON C.
Irwin, Miss RuTH M.
Isaacs, MICHAEL H.
IVERSON, HARRY J.
JACKSON, Howarp K.
Jackson, Mrs. PuLepA H.
JACKSON, W. H.
JACKSON, WILLIAM F.
JACOBI, HARRY
JACOBS, E. G.
JACOBS, HARVEY F.
JACOBS, NATE
JACOBS, WALTER H.
JACOBS, WHIPPLE
JACOBSON, EGBERT G.
JACOBSON, HARRY
JAEGER, EDWARD W.
JAEGERMANN, WILLIAM A.
JAFFE, BENJAMIN E.
JAMES, Mrs. RALPH H.
JAMES, DR. R. L.
JAMIESON, NORMAN R.
JAMPOLIS, Mrs. MARK
JANATA, LoulIs J.
JANE, WILLIAM T.
JANENSCH, MRs. E.
JANIS, FRANK H.
JANNOTTA, FRANK S.
JANNOTTA, J. E.
JaRCHOW, Mrs. C. E.
JAREMA, ALEXANDER L.
JARRETT, R. H., SR.
JARVIS, WILLIAM B., SR.
JEFFERSON, Mrs. EDITH H.
JENKINS, NEWTON
JENKINS, SIDNEY H.
JENNINGS, Mrs. C. A.
JENSEN, CARL F.
JENSEN, HAROLD P.
JENSIK, RAYMOND C.
JERNBERG, CARu L.
JESSUP, THEODORE
JEWELL, Miss HELEN M.
JEWETT, Mrs. GEORGE C.
Jirsa, Dr. OTTO J.
JOERN, WANDA M.
JOHNSON, Mrs. ALICE N.
JOHNSON, B. W.
JOHNSON, C. EDWARD
JOHNSON, Mrs. CLARENCE A.
JOHNSON, Miss EDNA GRAY
JOHNSON, EVAN
JOHNSON, Mrs. E. G.
JOHNSON, FRANK
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
JOHNSON, Harry T.
JOHNSON, Mrs. HERBERT S.
JOHNSON, Mrs. J. J.
JOHNSON, Mrs. LORENA M.
JOHNSON, M.
JOHNSON, MARTIN A.
JOHNSON, Mrs. W. B.
JoHNSON, Mrs. WALTER H.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM E.
JOHNSTON, IRA B.
JOHNSTON, W. ROBERT
JOHNSTONE, Mrs. BRUCE
JONES, ASHLEY OLIVER, SR.
JONES, Mrs. C. A.
JONES, D. C.
JONES, GEORGE R.
JONES, HOMER D., JR.
JONES, Mrs. HowarpD A.
JONES, Howarp E. A.
JONES, DR. JAY G.
JONES, J. HARRY, SR.
JONES, JOHN H.
JONES, Mrs. JOHN SUTPHIN
JONES, OWEN BARTON
JoNES, Mrs. ROSWELL N.
JONES, VICTOR H.
JONES, WALTER CLYDE, JR.
JORDAN, MIss IRENE C.
JORGESON, CHARLES M.
JOSEPH, A. G.
Joy, JAMES A.
JOYCE, THOMAS F.
Jupp, Harry L.
Jupp, Mrs. ROBERT AUGUSTINE
JUDSON, CLAY
JUERGENS, Miss ANNA
JUNKER, RICHARD A.
KAEMPFER, FRED
Kaun, Mrs. LOUIS
KAHN, SIDNEY H.
KANAVEL, DR. ALLEN B.
KANN, Max M.
KANNALLY, M. V.
KANTER, DR. AARON E.
KARNES, GEORGE
KARPEN, 8.
KARSTROM, J. O.
Kass, PETER
Katz, Mrs. S.
KAUFMAN, Dr. GuSTAV L.
KAYE, JOSEPH M.
KEENE, WILLIAM J.
Kric, MARSHALL E.
Kemm, MELVILLE
272 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
KELLEY, HARPER
KELLEY, Mrs. HARPER
KELLOGG, MIss BESS
KELLOGG, JAMES G.
KELLOGG, MRS. SARAH A.
KELLY, EDMUND P.
KELLY, Mrs. Harry L.
KELLY, JOHN HAYES
KELLY, JOSEPH J.
KELLY, Miss Mary A.
Kemp, PHILIP G.
KEMPER, Miss HILDA M.
KENLY, Mrs. WILLIAM K.
KENNEDY, Mrs. EDWARD A.
KENNEDY, LESLEY
KENNEDY, RALPH
KENNEDY, Mrs. ROBERT E.
KENNEDY, Mrs. WILLIAM J.
KENT, HENRY R.
KENYON, Mrs. E. F.
KeEoGH, Mrs. JAMES B.
KEPLINGER, W. A.
KEPPNER, H. W.
KERN, DR. MAXIMILIAN
KERNOTT, MRS. JOHN E.
KERR, Mrs. ALEXANDER M.
KERSEY, GLEN B.
KERSTING, Mrs. A. H.
KERWIN, EDWARD M.
KESLER, EDWARD C.
KESTNBAUM, MEYER
KETCHAM, Mrs. CHARLES E.
KEYSER, CHARLES F., SR.
KIBLER, MRS. HAROLD R.
KIEHL, Miss A. L.
KILBERT, Mrs. ROBERT
KILCOURSE, MISS MARJORIE V.
KILMER, MRS. CHARLES
KIMBALL, ERNEST M.
KIMBALL, GEORGE D.
KIMBALL, T. WELLER
KIMBELL, CHARLES REA
KINDSVOGEL, W. G.
KING, Mrs. CALVIN P.
Kine, Mrs. GRACE G.
KING, JOHN ANDREWS
KING, JOSEPH M.
Kinc, Mrs. NELORA 8.
KInG, Mrs. ROCKWELL
KING, Mrs. W. H.
KING, WILLIAM HENRY, JR.
KINN, MRS. STELLA R.
KINSELLA, MRS. WILLIAM P.
KIPER, HENRY
KIPLINGER, WALTER M.
KIRCHER, Mrs. J. G.
Kirk, Harry I.
KIRKLAND, Mrs. C. HOBART
KIRKPATRICK, DONALD
Kirn, Mrs. Ray O.
KIxMILLER, Mrs. WILLIAM
Kaas, Mrs. HENRY
KLEIN, Mrs. A. 8.
KLEIN, Dr. DAVID
KLEIN, FRED W.
KLEIN, MICHAEL B.
KLEIN, PETER
KLEINSCHMIDT, EDWARD
KLEMANN, Mrs. C. J.
KLENHA, JOSEPH Z.
KLEPPINGER, MRs. F. S.
KLINE, WILLIAM 8S.
K1LoTz, EDWARD C.
KNAUTZ, Mrs. GRACE L.
KNECHT, Mrs. TOLBERT L.
KNIGHT, NEWELL C.
KNIGHT, Mrs. ORRAY T.
KNOBBE, JOHN W.
KNOKE, MRS. CLARA P.
KNOTT, MRS. STEPHEN R.
KoBIcK, HENRY G.
Kocu, Mrs. FRED C.
Kocu, PAu W.
KocuH, RAYMOND J.
KocuH, DR. SUMNER
KOCHALE, MIss CLARA M.
KOENIG, FRED A.
KOENIG, GEORGE W.
KOoEPKE, Mrs. ALBERT C.
KOEPEE, E. E.
KOEPKE, FRANK J.
KOHLER, G. A. E.
Kon, Mrs. CAROLINE H.
KOHN, Mrs. FRANCES J.
Koun, Mrs. GEORGE G.
KOHN, OSCAR
KOHOUT, JOSEPH, JR.
Kour, ARTHUR G.
KOLSTAD, ODIN T.
KOMAREK, A. W.
Koo.uisH, Mrs. MICHAEL
KORDENAT, DR. RALPH A.
KorT, GEORGE
KOVOLOFF, DAN
KOWALSKI, AUGUST J.
KOZICZYNSKI, DR. LUCIAN
KRAFT, Dr. Oscar H.
KRAUSMAN, ARTHUR
KREBS, CHARLES E.
KREIN, EDWARD N.
¥
és
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
_ KREMER, C. E.
_ KRensky, A. Morris
KRETZMANN, MISS Mary C.
KREUSCHER, DR. PHILIP H.
KREUZINGER, GEORGE W.
KRIETE, FRANK L.
KROENER, MRs. C. O.
KROTZSCH, MISS OPHELIA
KRUEGER, O. W.
Krum, Howarp L.
KUEHN, Miss KATHERINE
_ KUEHN, OSWALD L.
KuH, DR. SIDNEY
KULLMAN, F. H., JR.
KUNSTADTER, SIGMUND
KUNSTMANN, Mrs. JOHN O.
KUPPENHEIMER, MRs. J.
KURRIE, Mrs. H. R.
KURTZ, GEORGE R.
KussMaN, A. C.
LACH, Louis M.
Lapp, C. M.
LAEMMLE, Mrs. LouIs
LAFEAN, W. L.
LAFLIN, CHARLES W.
LAIRD, ROBERT S.
LAKE, EDWARD
LAKE, Mrs. R. C.
LALLEY, HENRY J.
LAMB, FRANK J.
LAMONT, JOHN A.
LAMPERT, WILSON W.
LANDAU, HAROLD
LANDER, Mrs. LULU PAYTON
LANDMAN, L. W.
LANE, Mrs. EBEN
LANE, Mrs. JOHN F.
LANE, STEVEN M.
LANGDON, BUEL A.
LANGE, A. G.
LANGE, MIss CLARA L.
LANGERT, ABRAHAM M.
LANGHORNE, REV. F. PAUL
LANGHORST, Mrs. Henry F.
LANIUS, JAMES C.
LANSING, A. J.
LANSINGER, Mrs. JoHN M.
LAPHAM, F. H.
LARAMORE, FLORIAN EUGENE
LARKIN, WILLIAM J.
LARSEN, GUSTAVE R.
Larson, Miss IDA
LARSON, SIMON P.
LAscH, CHARLES F.
LATHAM, CARL RAY
LATHROP, FREDERICK A.
Lau, Mrs. JOHN ARNOLD
LAUDER, ROBERT FE.
LAUFER, Mrs. BERTHOLD
LAUTERBACH, Mrs. JULIUS G.
LAVIDGE, ARTHUR W.
LAVIN, Mrs. D. J.
LAVIN, H. T.
Law, M. A.
LAWRENCE, MISS ELMA V.
LAWRENCE, VICTOR FE.
LAWTON, SAMUEL T.
Lazarus, W. H.
LAZEAR, DR. DAVIES
LAZELLE, L. L.
LEACH, GEORGE T.
LEAL, Miss ROSE B.
LEATHERS, Mrs. G. M.
LEDuc, Mrs. A.
LEE, EDWARD T.
LEE, Mrs. JOSEPH EDGAR
LEE, Mrs. W. GEORGE
LEECH, MIss ALICE
LEES, WILLIAM
LEETE, ROBERT S.
LEFFEL, P. C.
LEIGH, EDWARD B.
LEIGH, MAURICE
LEIGHT, EDWARD A.
LEISER, ROBERT S.
LEITZ, Mrs. ROBERT
LEITZELL, Mrs. SAMUEL N.
LEMAN, Mrs. W. T.
LEMON, HARVEY B.
LENFESTEY, Mrs. J. R.
LENNOX, EDWIN
LENZ, Mrs. GEORGE
LESAGE, REV. JOHN J.
LESLIE, JOHN WOODWORTH
LESMAN, Mrs. GEORGE H.
LESSER, SOL
LESTER, ALBERT G.
LETTERMANN, A. L.
LEVETT, DR. JOHN
LEVEY, CLARENCE J.
LEVIN, I. ARCHER
LEVIN, LOUIS
LEVINSON, DAVID
LEVINSON, SALMON O.
LEVIS, JOHN M.
LEVITT, GEORGE G.
Levy, Mrs. ARTHUR K.
LEvy, HARRY H.
LEvy, Mrs. SAMUEL
274 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
LEWALD, W. B.
LEWIN, Miss ESTELLA
LEwIs, A. A.
LEWIS, Miss Eva
Lewis, Mrs. Harry G.
LEwIs, J. HENRY
LEwIs, Miss SARA
LEWIS, Mrs. WALKER O.
L’ HOMMEDIEU, ARTHUR
LICHTENSTEIN, WALTER
Lipov, Mrs. SAMUEL J.
LIEBENTHAL, Mrs. JOHN HENRY
LIEBERTHAL, DR. EUGENE P.
LINDGREN, Mrs. ALEX C.
LINDLEY, Mrs. FRED W.
LINDSTROM, ADOLPH
LINK, Mrs. ROBERT
LINKMAN, LOUIS B.
LINN, Mrs. JAMES WEBER
LINN, Mrs. W. Scott
LIPKIN, MAURICE 8.
LIPMAN, ABRAHAM
LIPPERT, ALOYSIUS C.
LIPPMAN, Mrs. HELEN M.
Lipsey, WILLIAM J.
LisT, PAULUS
LISTER, HAROLD R.
LITSINGER, Mrs. EDWARD R.
LITTLE, CHARLES G.
LIVINGSTON, Mrs. K. J.
LLEWELLYN, ARTHUR J.
LuLoypD, Mrs. GRACE CHAPMAN
LOBDELL, Harry H.
LOCKE, RICHARD F.
LocKkwoop, DavipD W.
LopDGE, FRED S.
LOEB, ARTHUR A.
LoeB, Mrs. ESTELLE T.
LorsB, Dr. LuDWwIc M.
LoreB, Mrs. MICHAEL S.
LOEHR, KaRL C.
LOEHWING, MARX
LOESCH, CHARLES F.
LOESER, LOUIS
LOEWENHERZ, EMANUEL
LOGAN, FRANK G.
LOGAN, FREDERIC D.
LoGAN, Mrs. JOHN A.
LONDON, HARRY
LONDON, LIONEL
LORENZEN, A. F.
LORENZEN, H.
LOVETT, Miss ALMA J.
LOWENBACH, Mrs. WILLIAM L.
LOWENTHAL, LEO B.
Lowry, Mrs. LESLIE E.
Lozier, Mrs. H. G.
LUDLAM, MRs. BERTHA S.
Lusk, Ross C.
LusTIG, MAURICE
Lutz, Mrs. EDWARD F.
LutTzow, FRED H.
LYDSTON, Mrs. G. FRANK
LYMAN, Mrs. H. C.
LyNncH, Mrs. V. REGES
Lyon, WILLIAM I.
MacARTHUR, FRED V.
MAcCLANE, Mrs. J. H.
MACFADDEN, WILLIAM
MACFARLAND, Mrs. HAys
MACFARLAND, LANNING
MACFARLANE, WILBERT E.
MACFERRAN, CHARLES S.
MacGIx, Mrs. WILLIAM V.
MacGrecor, Mrs. DAVID JOHN
MACKELLAR, DR. JOHN D.
MACKENZIE, Mrs. G. S.
MACKWORTH, Mrs. ISABEL
MAcLEAN, Mrs. M. H.
MacLeop, Dr. S. B.
MacMAHON, Mrs. CORNELIUS C.
MACMILLAN, Mrs. L. W.
MacMurray, JAMES E.
MACNEILLE, Mrs. C. T.
Macomps, J. DENAVARRE
Mappock, Miss ALICE E.
MADSEN, Mrs. T. E.
MAEHLE, J. L.
MAEHLER, ARTHUR E.
MAGNUws, PHILIP H.
MAHER, Mrs. PHILIP B.
Manon, Mrs. Mary T.
Mair, ROBERT
MAISEL, GEORGE
MAJARAKIS, JAMES
MALEY, THOMAS E.
MALKov, DAvip §.
MALTMAN, MISS ELIZABETH E.
MALTMAN, JAMES
MANASSE, EDWIN H.
MANASTER, HENRY
MANEGOLD, FRANK
MANHEIMER, ARTHUR E.
MANIERRE, JOHN T.
MANN, Mrs. C. HAMMOND
MANN, Mrs. Louis P.
MANSFIELD, ALFRED W.
MarKuHaAM, H. I.
MARKS, ALEXANDER
— Y=
JAN. 1932
Marks, ARNOLD K.
MARKS, ELLIS
MARKS, EMANUEL
MARKUS, JOSEPH E.
MARLING, Mrs. FRANK, JR.
MARSH, CHARLES L.
MARSH, JOHN MCWILLIAMS
MARSHALL, G. E.
MARSHALL, RAPHAEL P.
MarsTon, Mrs. T. B.
MARTIN, MRS. ALFRED T.
MARTIN, Miss BgEss B.
MARTIN, Mrs. C. E.
MARTIN, EDWARD
MARTIN, Mrs. EMIL
MARTIN, Mrs. GLEN E.
Martin, I. S.
MARTIN, MELLEN C.
MARTIN, Mrs. WALTER G.
MARTIN, Z. E.
MARWIG, EDWARD R.
Mason, Mrs. GEorcE H.
MASSENA, Roy
MASSMANN, FREDERICK H.
MASTERS, HARDIN W.
MASTIN, Mrs. W. H.
MATCHETT, MRS. JAMES C.
MATHER, ORIAN A.
MATHEWS, MISS JESSIE
MATHEWS, Mrs. SHAILER
MATHISON, HOWARD C.
Matson, H. M.
Matson, Mrs. J. EDWARD
MATTESON, Mrs. DEFORREST A.
MATTHEWS, FRANCIS E.
MATTHIES, DR. MABEL M.
MATUSHEK, H. A.
Matz, Miss Ruta H.
MAXWELL, Mrs. EDWARD E.
May, Mrs. GEORGE T., JR.
May, Sou
MAYER, ADOLPH A. C.
MAYER, CLARENCE
MAyeEr, Mrs. DAvID, JR.
MAYER, EDWIN W. C.
Mayer, Mrs. EMIL
MAYER, FRANK
MAYER, Mrs. JOSEPH
MAYER, Oscar G.
MAYLAND, DR. WALTER C.
MCcALEAR, JAMES
MCALLISTER, M. HALL
McArTHUR, Dr. LEwIs L.
McARTHUR, Mrs. S. W.
McCanHey, JAMES B.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
McCALL, Mrs. ROBERT L.
McCat.., S. T.
McCann, D.
McCartTHy, ALEXANDER J.
McCarTHY, GEORGE H.
McCLAIN, DR. HaRRIs W.
MCCLELLAND, Mrs. E. B.
McCLuRE, DONALD
McC.uuvureE, D. T.
McComs, Mrs. JAMES J.
McCONNELL, G. MALCOLM
McCONNELL, JOHN W.
McCorMaAck, J. W.
McCormick, ALISTER H.
McCormick, MISs ELIZABETH D.
McCoy, CHARLES §.
McCoy, W. E.
McCREIGHT, Harry A.
McDOoNnNAaALbD, L.
McDONNELL, Mrs. MICHAEL
McDouGa., DAVID B.
McDouGALL, Mrs. C. R.
McDouGALL, Mrs. EDWARD G.
McDowELL, Miss Mary E.
MCcCELHONE, Mrs. FRED
McCFADDEN, EVERETT R.
McFALL, L.
McFARLAND, MRs. ELLIS
McGIntTy, Miss ALICE L.
McGougg, S$. P.
McGRATH, GEORGE E.
McGRATH, THOMAS S.
McGREGOR, JAMES P.
McGuIGANn, Dr. THOMAS
McGUuINN, EDWARD B.
McGUuIRE, SIMMS D.
McGuire, Dr. WALTER GEORGE
McHenry, ROLAND
McINNIS, E. E.
McINTosH, Mrs. RoBERT L.
McKay, CHARLES R.
McKay, Dr. N. B.
McKEnnaA, Mrs. JAMES J.
McKIBBIN, Mrs. GEORGE B.
MCKINNEY, MRs. JAMES
MCKINNEY, W. O.
MCKNIGHT, WILLIAM M.
McLaAREN, MISS MABEL
McLAUGHBLIN, A. G.
McLAUGHLIN, DANIEL F.
MCLAUGHLIN, FRANK L.
McLAUGHLIN, DR. JAMES H.
McLAUGHLIN, REV. JESSE!L.
McManus, J. P.
McMaANus, Mrs. JAMES P.
275
276 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
McMurray, Mrs. GEORGE NEWTON
McNaBB, PETER M.
McNair, FRANK
McNAmMARA, ROBERT C.
McNBEAL, S. D.
McNEIL, Mrs. ALBERT G.
MCPHERSON, DONALD F.
McQUAID, E. J.
McSuRELY, MRS. WILLIAM H.
McVay, GEORGE RUSSELL
MCWILLIAMS, E. 8.
MEACHAM, Miss KATHLEEN
MEap, H. B.
MEAD, MRs. OLIVE M.
MEADE, Mrs. MARTHA
MEARDON, MRS. SARAH
MECHEM, J. C.
MEEK, Miss MARGARET E.
MEEKER, ARTHUR
MEEKER, Mrs. GEORGE W.
Mecaw, Luoyp F.
MEGOWAN, LEWIS E.
MEHLHOp, F. W.
MEHLHOPE, CLARENCE EF.
MEIGS, JAMES B.
MEINERS, Mrs. J. C.
MELLEN, Miss MARTHA JANE
MELLON, MISS FRANCES A.
MENGDEN, Mrs. F. W.
MENTEN, THOMAS H.
MENTZER, J. P.
MERCER, DR. AUGUST W.
MEREDITH, O. F.
MERRICK, MRS. CLINTON
MERRIFIELD, FRED
MERRILL, Mrs. J. J.
MERRIMAN, MRs. WILLIS L.
MESSENGER, DON E.
METCOFF, DR. SAMUEL
METTLER, Mrs. L. HARRISON
METZGER, Mrs. GEORGE B.
METZGER, Mrs. J. FRED
MEYER, HOWARD F.
MICHAEL, Mrs. HERMAN
MIDDLETON, Miss May E.
MIKTYN, Mrs. ANTHONY I.
MILCHRIST, FRANK T.
MILEHAM, MIss IRENE
MILLARD, Mrs. E. L.
MILLER, CHARLES J.
MILLER, Mrs. EDMUND T.
MILLER, EDWARD L.
MILLER, HENRY G.
MILLER, MRS. JAMES A.
MILLER, M. GLEN
MILLER, MAXWELL P.
MILLER, PAUL
MILLER, RICHARD O.
MILLER, R. T.
MILLETT, A. A.
MILLIGAN, S. K.
MILLIKEN, Mrs. KATE
MILLS, Mrs. EpwIn S.
MILusaes, J. H.
MILNER, CHARLES T.
MINER, FRED G.
MINK, DWIGHT L.
MiscuH, Mrs. Harry N.
MITCHELL, ABRAHAM
MITCHELL, CLARENCE B.
MITCHELL, ERNEST I.
MITCHELL, MRS. FREDERICK R.
MITCHELL, Mrs. GEORGE R.
MITCHELL, Mrs. O. L.
MIZEN, FREDERICK KIMBALL
MODENE, OSCAR F.
Mok, Mrs. CHESTER CHARLES
MOESSEL, PROFESSOR JULIUS
MOLDENHAUER, DR. WILLIAM J.
Mo ter, Mrs. W. H.
MoMENT, ASHER
MoncHow, MIss HELEN C.
MONIGHAN, MRs. J.
MONILAW, DR. WILLIAM J.
MONK, GEORGE S.
MOonrok, Mrs. H. L.
MONTAGUE, O. O.
MONTER, MRS. CHARLES G.
MONTGOMERY, FREDERICK D.
MONTGOMERY, Mrs. F. H.
MONTGOMERY, Mrs. FREDERICK H.
MONTGOMERY, Mrs. H. M. 8.
MONTGOMERY, JOHN R.
Mooney, WILLIAM H.
Moore, Mrs. A. CLARKE
Moore, Mrs. AGNES C.
Moore, Mrs. ARTHUR W.
Moore, Dr. BEVERIDGE H.
Moore, EDWARD F.
Moore, FREDERICK W.
Moore, JAMES H.
Moore, Dr. JOSIAH J.
Moore, Mrs. J. W.
Moores, Miss M. ELEANOR
Moore, NATHAN G.
Moors, NORTH
Moors, OSCAR L.
MOORE, PAUL
Moors, Mrs. W. V.
Moore, WILLIAM H.
et
JAN. 1932
MORELLE, Mrs. LELA C.
Morr, Mrs. PAuL F.
MorGAN, CLARENCE
Morcan, Mrs. F. W.
MORGENTHAU, Mrs. SIDNEY L.
MORONEY, JOHN J.
Morris, IRA NELSON
Morris, Dr. ROBERT W.
Morrison, Mrs. C. R.
MorsE, CLEVELAND
Morton, Dr. EDWARD C.
MOSER, PAUL
Mosss, ERNEST C.
MOoUuLTON, Dr. EUGENE A.
MOULTON, WILLIAM A.
Mowry, ROBERT D.
Moyer, Miss MABEL M.
MUuDGE, BURTON
MUELLER, Dr. E. W.
MULFORD, FRANK B.
MULLALY, REV. EDWARD J.
MUNROR, TREADWAY B.
Murrey, E. T. R.
Murpnuy, Miss C.
Murpnuy, MISs CATHERINE M.
MurRpHY, J. P.
Mourpuy, Mrs. J. R.
MurpuHy, LEONARD E.
Murray, MARTIN J.
Murray, RoBerT H.
MUSGRAVE, DR. GEORGE J.
Myers, ARTHUR L.
NACHTRIEB, CHARLES G.
NADEAU, Mrs. Oscar E.
NADLER, CHARLES
NAESS, SIGURD E.
NarFrz, Dr. E. F.
NANCE, WILLIS D.
NASH, PATRICK A.
NATH, BERNARD
NATHANSON, MAURICE J.
Nau, OrTTo F.
NAYLOR, MISS MARJORIE VIRGINIA
NEAL, THOMAS C.
NEAL, Mrs. W. B.
NEELY, Mrs. Luoyp F.
NeErr, W. A.
NEIDLINGER, ROBERT J.
NEISE, GEORGE N.
NELLIS, Mrs. FRANK E., JR.
NELSON, ALVIN E.
NELSON, BYRON
NELSON, CHARLES M.
NELSON, HOOGNER
NELSON, Mrs. JOSEPH K.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 277
NELSON, DR. OLE C.
NELSON, PETER B.
NELSON, Mrs. WILLIAM D.
NELSON, WILLIAM H.
NENNEMAN, WILLIAM T.
NERGARD, EDWIN J.
NESSLER, ROBERT W.
NETSCH, Mrs. WALTER A.
NEVINS, JOHN C.
NEWBERRY, Miss Mary L.
NEWBORG, MISS FRANCES
NEWBURGER, J. M.
NEWCOMB, Mrs. B. V.
NEWMAN, Mrs. H. H.
NEWMAN, MRs. JACOB
NIBLACK, Mrs. WILLIAM C.
NICHELSON, ARTHUR M.
NICHOLS, Mrs. LESLIE H.
NICHOLSON, MRS. FRANK G.
NICHOLSON, MRS. JOHN A.
NICKELSON, S. T.
NICKERSON, J. F.
NILES, W. A.
NIMMONS, GEORGE C.
NoBLE, F. H.
NORMAN, DAN
NorrRIs, EBEN H.
Norris, Mrs. WILLIAM S.
NORTHROP, MRS. GEORGE N.
NORTHRUP, LORRY R.
NorRTON, ELLERY
NoTHEIS, Mrs. J. F.
Notz, Mrs. JOHN K.
Novak, Dr. FRANK J., JR.
Nowak, Mrs. CHARLES A.
Nowak, MAXWELL M.
Noyes, ERNEST H.
Noyes, Mrs. JOHN HIGH
NUGENT, Dr. O. B.
NUTTING, C. G.
NUYTTENS, ALFRED A.
Nye, Mrs. JAMES W.
NYE, Mrs. WILLIAM J.
OATES, JAMES F.
OBER, WOODBURY S.
O’BRIEN, GEORGE W.
O’BRIEN, M. J.
O’BRIEN, QUIN
O’BRIEN, WILBUR J.
O’CONNELL, WILLIAM L.
ODELL, Mrs. JAMES A.
O’DONNELL, MRS. SIMON
O’DONOVAN, DANIEL J.
OFNER, JARVIS
278 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
OGAWA, SUEJIRO
OLESON, Dr. RICHARD BARTLETT
OLIN, EDWARD L.
OLIPHANT, MELVILLE J.
OLIVER, ROYSTON
OLMSTEAD, MRs. G. G.
OLMSTEAD, RALPH W.
OLSEN, Mrs. ARTHUR O.
OLSEN, OLAF C. S.
OLSEN, Mrs. CHRISTEN
OLSEN, Mrs. SIGURD
OLSEN, MRS. WALTER A.
O’NEIL, J. F.
O’REILLY, FRANK HUGH
OrmsBy, Mrs. FRANK E.
OrmssBy, Miss KATHRYN L.
ORRELL, Mrs. Mary E.
OSBORNE, Mrs. J. HARRISON
OSBORNE, Mrs. W. IRVING
Oscoop, Harry B.
O’SHEA, THOMAS M.
OSSENDORFF, DR. K. W.
OSTERLING, ALBIN O.
OSTERMANN, Mrs. R. M.
OstotT, Mrs. Murray M.
OstTrROoM, CHARLES RENNOLDS
O’SULLIVAN, Miss MINNIE
O’TOOLE, JOHN F.
O’TooLe, Mrs. BARTHOLOMEW
OTT, JOHN NASH
OTTER, WILLIAM
OUTCAULT, Mrs. RICHARD F., JR.
Passt, F.
PACKMAN, CLARENCE E.
PaczyNSsKI, Mrs. Loulis J.
PADDOCK, STEPHEN M.
PAIN, Mrs. JOHN T.
PAJEAU, Mrs. CHARLES H.
PALMER, GEORGE B.
PALMER, J. M.
PALMER, P. B., JR.
PALMER, ROBERT F.
PANDALEON, Costa A.
PARKER, CLIFFORD
PARKER, Mrs. F. W.
PARKER, GEORGE S.
Parks, J. W.
Parks, O. J.
PARMLY, Mrs. SAMUEL P.
PARSONS, FERDINAND H.
PARSONS, W. E.
Patcu, Mrs. G. M.
PatcH, Mrs. W.
PATERSON, Morton L.
PATTERSON, Mrs. Harry C.
PATTERSON, Mrs. H. H.
PATTERSON, Mrs. WALLACE
PATTISON, WILLIAM J.
PATTON, WALTER I.
PAULEY, CLARENCE O.
PAVEY, WILLIAM B.
PAWLEY, Mrs. ERNEST C.
PEACE, CHARLES FE.
PEACOCK, CHARLES D.
PEARL, ALLEN S.
PEARSON, F. J.
PECK, Mrs. CHARLES G.
PECK, ROBERT G.
PEDERSEN, A. R.
PEIRCE, Miss IDA
PENCE, E. M.
PENCIK, MILES F.
PENNINGTON, Mrs. ROBERT B.
PENROSE, GEORGE
PENTECOST, LEWIS J.
PEPPLE, Mrs. ELOISE D.
PERING, CHARLES H.
PERKINS, MRS. GEORGE P.
PERKINS, Mrs. Harry F.
PERRY, Mrs. LESLIE L.
PERRYMAN, Mrs. HATTIE S.
PESCHERET, Mrs. LEON R.
PETERS, G. M.
PETERSEN, Mrs. C.
PETERSEN, MIss DorRIS
PETERSON, Dr. A. B.
PETERSON, Dr. A. E.
PETERSON, CHARLES S.
PETERSON, LEONARD
PETERSON, PERCIVAL C.
PETRAKIS, Mrs. MARK E.
PEYRAUD, Mrs. FRANK C.
PFAELZER, Mrs. LAWRENCE W.
PFEIFER, Mrs. J. P.
PFEIFFER, Mrs. JACOB
PFLAGER, CHARLES W.
PHALEN, W. J.
PHELAN, Miss ANNA E.
PHELPS, CASSIUS H.
PHELPS, ERASTUS R.
PHELPS, Mrs. LOUISE DEKOVEN
PHILLIPS, FLOYD M.
PHILLIPS, HOWARD C.
PICKELL, J. RALPH
PIERCE, Mrs. C. E.
PIERCE, MIss ELVA J.
PIERCE, RALPH S.
PIETSCH, Mrs. CHARLES F.
PIETSCH, WALTER G.
JAN. 1932
PIGALL, Mrs. JOSEPH S8.
PINYERD, CARL A.
PIowATY, Mrs. CARL
Pieper, Mrs. ADOLPH H.
PISTER, REV. JACOB
PITCHER, Mrs. JOHN C.
PITZNER, ALWIN FREDERICK
PLACE, F. E.
PLAMONDON, ALFRED D.
PLATH, KARL
PLATTENBURG, S. R.
PLETCHER, T. M.
PLIMPTON, Mrs. NATHAN C.
PLUMLEY, HAROLD
PLUMMER, DANIEL C., JR.
PoacGE, R. C.
POHLMANN, Miss ERNA M.
PoLLaAK, C. J.
POLLENZ, HENRY
Pops, Mrs. G. J.
Popp, Mrs. LEE W.
PoRIKOS, GEORGE S.
PoRONTO, HALSEY E.
PorTER, Mrs. LEE W.
PORTERFIELD, R. H.
Portis, DR. BERNARD
Portis, Dr. SIDNEY A.
Post, Dr. WILBER E.
Potter, Dr. HOLuis E.
POWELL, Mrs. CHARLES L.
POWELL, MRS. JOHN H.
PowELL, Mrs. LAWRENCE H.
PoyEerR, Mrs. STEPHEN A.
Pratt, Mrs. E. C.
PREBIS, MRS. JOHN A.
PREBLE, Mrps. A. C.
PRENTICE, OLIVER J.
Preus, Mrs. J. A. O.
PRICE, Mrs. MINNIE S.
Price, Mrs. THOMAS J.
PRIDE, Mrs. RICHARD
PRINDLE, JAMES H.
PRINDLE, M. L.
PRINGLE, Mrs. GEORGE W.
PRINGLE, Mrs. JAMES E.
ProescuH, Mrs. L. C.
PRONGER, HERMAN F.
PROSSER, H. G.
Prosser, Mrs. JOHN A.
PROTHEROE, DANIEL
PROXMIRE, DR. THEODORE STANLEY
Pruyn, Mrs. WILLIAM H., JR.
PRYOR, MAURICE G.
Pryor, WILLIS S.
PULVER, ALBERT G.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 279
PULVER, HENRI PIERRE
PURCELL, DR. F. A.
PURRUCKER, MIss LOUISE M.
PUTNAM, C.
PUTNAM, CHARLES F.
PUTNAM, RUFUS W.
PUTTKAMMER, Mrs. E.
PYNCHON, MRS. CHARLES E..
PYTEREK, REV. PETER H.
QUINLAN, JAMES T.
QUINN, Davin H.
QUINN, EDWARD J.
RABER, FRANKLIN
RAGSDALE, LEE E.
Raum, MIss KATHRYN
RALEIGH, JAMES F.
RALSTON, HarRRIS P.
RAmMIs, LEON LIPMAN
RAMSEY, MRS. GEORGE T.
RANDALL, C. M.
RANDALL, FRANK A.
RANDICK, MIss SARA A.
RANNEY, Mrs. GEORGE A.
RANNEY, Mrs. WILLETT B.
RANSTEAD, MERRITT M.
RAPAPORT, Morris W.
Rapp, LEO E.
RASMUSSEN, FRANK
RATHJE, Mrs. JOSEPHINE L.
RAWLINGS, Mrs. I. D.
Ray, Harry K.
RAYMER, GEORGE L.
RAYMOND, C. E.
RAYMOND, MRS. CLIFFORD 8.
RAYMOND, EDWARDS FREDERIC
READ, Mrs. J. J.
REDMAN, STERLING L.
REDPATH, JAMES B.
REEBIE, Mrs. ARTHUR W.
REED, Mrs. FRANK C.
REED, Mrs. FRANK D.
REED, Mrs. JOHN W.
REED, RuFus M.
REED, WALTER S.
REED, WILLIAM P.
REED, Mrs. WILLIAM P.
REEVES, Mrs. HENRY
REFFELT, Miss F. A.
REGENSBURG, JAMES
REHM, Miss EMILY
REID, HuGH
REID, P. GORDON
REILLY, JOHN R.
REIN, LESTER E.
230 FIELD MusEuUM oF NATURAL HisTtoRY—REPortTs, VOL. IX
REINECK, Miss EDNA M.
ReEtIss, PAUL
RENSHAW, Mrs. WILLIAM F., SR.
ReEQuA, Mrs. CHARLES H.
REQUA, WILLIAM B.
Reuss, Mrs. Henry H.
REYNOLDS, MISS FLORENCE E.
REYNOLDS, GEORGE H.
REYNOLDS, Mrs. HENRY J.
REYNOLDS, MIss MARION J.
REYNOLDS, Miss VERA
RHOADES, Mrs. ELMER LAMONT
Ruopes, Mrs. CAREY W.
RuHopsEs, Mrs. J. H.
RHODES, MRS. JOSEPH E.
RHODES, W. E.
RIBBACK, Mrs. N.
Ricr, Mrs. CHARLES R.
Rice, Mrs. KENNETH E.
Ricg, OTTo M.
Rice, Mrs. W. W.
RicH, KENNETH F.
RICHARDS, GEORGE D.
RICHARDSON, Mrs. ADDIE R.
RICHARDSON, HENRY R.
Rick, Miss FLORENCE
RIDDIFORD, Miss EMILy J.
RIEDER, W. F.
RIEL, G. A.
Riss, Mrs. LESTER S.
RIETVELD, S. J.
RIGALI, Mrs. L. R.
RIGHEIMER, Miss Lucy F.
RitEy, Miss Mary A.
RITCHIE, Mrs. JOHN
RoapDIFER, W. H.
ROBBINS, LAWRENCE B.
RoBERTS, FRANCIS R.
ROBERTS, GEORGE G.
RoBERTS, JESSE E.
RoBeRTS, Miss NELLIE E.
RoBERTS, SETH B.
RosBinson, Mrs. A. F.
ROBINSON, CHARLES R.
RoBINSON, REV. GEORGE L.
RoBINSON, Miss LOUISE C.
RoBINSON, Miss NELLIE
RoBINSON, R. V.
Rosson, Mrs. OSCAR
ROCKWELL, LESTER
ROCKWELL, THEODORE G.
Rockwoop, FREDERICK T.
RopEN, CARL B.
Roprick, Mrs. Isaac
Rog, Miss Caro F.
ROEFER, HENRY A.
Rocers, Dr. DANIEL W.
Rocers, Mrs. H. L.
RoGeErs, J. W.
ROLFES, GERALD A.
ROLLAND, FREDERICK GEORGE
ROLLo, EGBERT
Ro.LNICK, Dr. Harry C.
RONNEBERG, CONRAD E.
ROODHOUSE, BENJAMIN T.
Roper, F. E.
RosBoro, O. A.
Rose, Mrs. THOMAS
ROSENAK, Mrs. THEODORE
ROSENBACH, Mrs. Morris
ROSENBERG, BERNHARD
ROSENBERG, I.
ROSENFELD, M. J.
ROSENFELS, IRWIN S.
ROSENFIELD, Morris 8.
ROSENTHAL, Mrs. SAMUEL
ROSENTHAL, Mrs. W. L.
Ross, SAMUEL M.
Rotu, ARTHUR J.
RotH, EDWARD N.
ROTHSCHILD, Mrs. Louis G.
ROTHSTEIN, DR. THOR
ROUNTREE, LINGARD T.
ROWELL, Dr. L. W.
* Row .gs, E. W. A.
ROWLEY, CLIFFORD A.
Row.LeEy, Mrs. JAMES F.
Roy, Mrs. ERVIN L.
Rup, Mrs. ANTHONY
RUDOLPH, Miss BERTHA
RUGGLES, DR. WILLIAM L.
RUMMLER, EUGENE A.
RUNZEL, W. L., SR.
RUPERT, Mrs. F. B.
RUPPRECHT, BERT A.
RUSSELL, Mrs. THOMAS CHARLES
Rutu, Miss THYRA J.
RYAN, HENRY B.
RYAN, Miss MARGARET E.
SABATH, ISIDOR
SACHS, PAUL J.
SACHS, PHILIP G.
SALINGER, HARRY
SALK, Mrs. JACOB
SALTZSTEIN, FELIX C.
SAMPSON, H. J.
SAMUELS, Mrs. LEo 8.
SANFORD, THOMAS F.
SANTSCHI, MRs. E.
JAN. 1932
SAPLITZKY, MISS BESSIE M.
SAUER, DR. RAYMOND J.
SAUERMAN, JOHN A.
SAVAGE, JOSEPH P.
SAWYER, Miss ANNA GRACE
SAWYER, Dr. C. F.
SAXMANN, Dr. HARRIET FE.
SAYERS, Mrs. A. J.
SAYRE, Dr. LOREN D.
SCALLAN, JOHN WILLIAM
SCHAAR, BERNARD E.
ScHAD, Mrs. G. F.
SCHAFER, O. J.
SCHAFFNER, Mrs. ALBERT
SCHAFFNER, ARTHUR B.
SCHANTZ, O. M.
ScHAPS, DR. THEODORE
ScHAUS, CARL J.
SCHELLENBERG, MISS META
SCHENCK, Mrs. R. F.
SCHENKEL, Mrs. H. A.
SCHERER, ANDREW
SCHERMERHORN, RICHARD A.
SCHEYING, ARTHUR L.
SCHIEWE, ROBERT A.
SCHIFF, SYDNEY K.
SCHIMMEL, PHILIP W.
SCHMIDT, ADOLPH
SCHMIDT, ARTHUR C. E.
SCHMIDT, Mrs. OTTo G.
SCHMIDT, Dr. OTTO L.
SCHMIDT, THEODORE
SCHMITT, Mrs. GEORGE J.
SCHNEIDER, BENJAMIN B.
SCHNEIDER, C. A.
SCHNEIDER, DR. C. O.
SCHNEIDER, GEORGE A.
SCHNIGLAU, CHARLES H.
SCHOELLKOPF, Mrs. E. C.
SCHOENFELD, Mrs. R. A.
SCHOEPFLE, Mrs. MARTIN
SCHOLL, DAvip H.
SCHRADER, Miss HARRIET N.
SCHRADZKI, H. R.
SCHRAMKA, MRS. FRANK J.
SCHREINER, MRS. CHARLES A.
SCHREINER, Mrs. FRANCIS LOUIS
SCHROEDER, AUGUST F.
SCHROEDER, Dr. Mary G.
SCHROEDER, P. A.
SCHROLL, W. H.
SCHUELER, ROBERT
SCHUELLER, WERNER
SCHULZE, PAUL
SCHUMANN, Mrs. F. E.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR 281
SCHUTTE, Mrs. I. W.
SCHWAB, DR. LESLIE W.
SCHWAB, MARTIN C.
SCHWARTZ, Louts S.
SCHWARTZ, DR. OTTO
SCHWARZ, AUGUST
SCHWARZ, DR. LEIGH E.
SCHWEITZER, E. O.
SCHWEITZER, RICHARD J.
SCHWEITZER, SAMUEL
SCHWEIZER, CARL
SCOFIELD, TIMOTHY J.
ScoTT, GERALD R.
ScoTT, GEORGE H.
Scott, DR. WALTER DILL
SCUDDER, Mrs. LAWRENCE W.
SCULLY, MISS FLORENCE E.
SEARLE, Dr. C. HOWARD
SEATON, G. LELAND
SEAVERNS, LOUIS C.
SEBELIEN, A. E.
SEED, Miss ETHEL W.
SEEHAUSEN, GILBERT B.
SEFTON, Mrs. JOHN
SEIBOLD, ARTHUR B.
SEIDSCHER, JACOB
SEIFERT, Mrs. EMMA
SEIFERT, Mrs. WILLIAM B.
SEIP, FRED
SELIG, Mrs. JOSEPH J.
SELLERS, Mrs. O. R.
SELLING, HAROLD N.
SELOVER, Miss JuLIA M.
SELZ, EMANUEL
SELZ, Mrs. J. HARRY
SENEAR, Dr. F. E.
SENIOR, Mrs. JOHN L.
SERGEANT, WALTER FE.
SEUBOLD, Dr. F. H.
SEXTON, Mrs. THOMAS G.
SEYMOUR, FRED P.
SEYMOUR, H. W.
SHAFFER, Mrs. NORMAN P.
SHANAHAN, DAVID E.
SHANAHAN, Mrs. F. H.
SHANKS, OSCAR
SHANNON, NEIL J.
SHAPIRO, J. F.
SHARP, Mrs. W. L.
SHATTUCK, CHARLES H.
SHAVER, JOHN W.
SHAW, HENRY P.
SHAW, Mrs. J. G.
SHAW, JOSEPH J.
SHAW, Mrs. Mosgs M.
282 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
SHAW, Mrs. WALTER A.
SHAY, JOHN B.
SHEAHAN, Miss MARIE
SHEARMAN, C. E.
SHEDD, CHARLES FE.
SHEPARD, Guy C.
SHEPARD, STUART G.
SHEPHERD, Mrs. CLAUDE H.
SHERIDAN, L. J.
SHERIFFS, WALTER A.
SHERMAN, E/DWIN
SHERMAN, H. C.
SHERMAN, LoulIs A.
SHERMAN, MRs. ROBERT T.
SHERMAN, Mrs. W. W.
SHIBLEY, A. E.
SHIPLEY, Mrs. LIONEL H.
SHIPPEY, Mrs. CHARLES W.
SHIVERICK, Mrs. A. F.
SHONTS, Miss BEATRICE M.
SHORT, FLOYD T.
SHORT, J. R.
SHORTALL, Mrs. JOHN G.
SHORTALL, JOHN L.
SHOWALTER, Miss ANNA B.
SHRAMEK, MRS. JAMES F.
SHUMAN, JOHN R.
SHURTLEFF, Miss L. H.
Sreck, HERBERT
SIEGENTHALER, MRS. JACOB L.
SIERSMA, Mrs. ALBERT P.
SIEVERS, WILLIAM H.
SILBER, CLARENCE J.
SILBERMAN, Mrs. J. D.
SILLANI, Mrs. MABEL W.
SILVERBERG, WILLIAM
SILVERMAN, EDWIN
SILVERMAN, JOSEPH
SIMMONS, Mrs. CHARLES R.
SIMMONS, PARKE E.
SIMON, FELIX D.
SImoNnDSs, Mrs. HAROLD B.
SIMONS, MRS. GEORGE H.
SIMONSON, ROGER A., JR.
SIMPSON, Mrs. MAryY EDITH
SIMPSON, WALTER H.
SINDELAR, JOSEPH C.
SINDING, JOHN W.
SINGLETON, Mrs. CHARLES J.
SINGLETON, Miss ELIZABETH
SIQUELAND, T. A.
Siracusa, Mrs. Ross D.
SISSON, MRS. VINTON E.
SKALA, JOSEPH
SKALA, RUDOLPH J.
SKEEN, DAWSON H.
SKILLMAN, MRs. FREDERIC B.
SKINNER, JAMES G.
Skoc, Mrs. LupDvie
SLADE, ALFRED
SLADE, JOHN C.
SLADE, MASON
SLATEN, MRS. FREDERICK A.
SLEIGHT, Miss BARBARA H.
SLINGLUFF, WILLIAM H.
SLOAN, F. A.
SMALE, MIss BESSIE T.
SMALL, MIss JEAN
SMART, CHARLES H.
SMEETH, Mrs. EpwIN E.
SMEETH, Mrs. FAITH BEYE
SMITH, Mrs. A. P.
SMITH, Mrs. EDWARD E.
SMITH, EDWARD PAGE
SMITH, Mrs. EDWIN
SMITH, DR. EDWIN M.
SMITH, DR. F. J.
SMITH, FREDERICK W.
SMITH, GLEN E.
SMITH, Mrs. HAROLD M.
SMITH, HENRY JUSTIN
SMITH, HENRY T.
SMITH, DR. HERMAN
SMITH, HERMON DUNLAP
SMITH, JESSE L.
SMITH, DR. JOSEPH A.
SMITH, LEATHAM D.
SMITH, Miss Mary ROZET
SMITH, PAISHE B.
SMITH, SIDNEY H.
SMITH, Mrs. WILFRED M.
SMITH, WILLIAM D.
SNITJER, Mrs. AGNES R.
Snow, Mrs. SYDNEY B.
SoBEY, MRS. JOSEPH
SocaTcH, Miss ANNA
SoEsT, WALTER H.
SOLLITT, RALPH T.
SoLomon, Mrs. LEwIs J.
SOMERS, ROGER W.
SOMERVILLE, Dr. C. W.
SOMMERS, WERNER H.
Sone, A. F.
SONTAG, EDWARD A.
SOPER, THOMAS
SORBER, Miss Mary E.
SORENSEN, Mrs. AXEL S.
SORENSON, RALPH Z.
SORLEY, DR. MILFORD S.
SPADES, M. H.
JAN. 1932
SPARROW, Mrs. W. W. K.
SPEED, DR. KELLOGG
SPENCER, MRS. FRANK E.
SPERRY, Mrs. DONALD D.
SPEYER, Mrs. GEORGE W.
SPIEGEL, PHILIP
SPINDLER, Mrs. R. W.
SPOHR, FRANK M.
SPOONER, CHARLES W.
SPRAGUE, ALBERT A., JR.
SPRY, GEORGE
SPURGEON, H. F.
STAAR, RUDOLPH
STAFFORD, CHARLES W.
STALLWOOD, S. C.
STANGLE, Mrs. Mary W.
STANIEWICZ, JOSEPH V.
STANLEY, EBEN
STANTON, C. N.
STAPLES, MISS EMILY
STARR, DR. PAUL
STATES, Mrs. WILMER M.
STAUFFER, MrS. GRACE HAUSER
STEARNS, FRED
STEELE, LEo M.
STEFFENSEN, SIGURD
STEIN, Mrs. ADOLPH
STEIN, Mrs. S. SIDNEY
STEINBERG, SAMUEL E.
STEINFELDT, DR. C. R.
STEINSON, HENRY G.
STEMBRIDGE, HAROLD E.
STENSON, MISs JANE A.
STERN, Mrs. HERBERT L.
STERN, JACOB S.
STERNBERG, MORRIS
STEVENS, Mrs. CLYDE G.
STEVENS, ERNEST
STEVENS, MRS. JESSIE L.
STEVENSON, ELLIOTT
STEVENSON, JAMES C.
STEVENSON, JAMES R. D.
STEWART, MRS. PRITCHARD
STEWART, S. CHANDLER
STEWART, WILLIAM
STIFLER, Mrs. J. M.
STILES, Mrs. R. B.
STILLE, ERNEST T.
STOBBE, PAUL D.
STOCKDALE, DR. ALLEN A.
STOCKTON, A. C.
STOCKTON, Mrs. JOHN THAW
STOEHR, KURT
STOELTING, C. H.
STOFFT, EDMOND B.
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
STOKES, MISS MARGUERITE
STOLL, Mrs. ANNIE G.
STOLP, G. E.
STOLZ, Mrs. LEON
STOLZENBACH, MIss EMMA W.
STORKAN, MRS. JAMES
STOVER, Mrs. JAMES D.
STOVER, Mrs. RUSSELL
STRATEN, DR. HUBERT J.
STRAUS, ELI M.
STRAUSS, Mrs. LEE J.
STRAWBRIDGE, Mrs. CHARLES H.
STRAWN, TAYLOR
STREET, C. R.
STRIBLEN, HARRY
STRIGL, F. C.
STRONG, GORDON
STUBBS, J. S.
STUMES, CHARLES B.
STURLA, HARRY L.
STURTEVANT, Roy E.
SUBLETTE, Mrs. Oscar H.
SUFFERN, EDWARD E.
SULLIVAN, GREY
SUMMERS, L. F.
Summy, CLAYTON F.
283
SUNDBLOM, Mrs. HADDON HUBBARD
SUNDELL, ERNEST W.
SUNDLOF, F. W.
SuTcH, Dr. YORKE B.
SUTCLIFFE, ELBERT GARY
SUTCLIFFE, MISS SARAH E.
SUTHERLAND, J. D.
SUTTER, Mrs. HARRY
SUTTON, J. J.
SUTTON, JOHN M.
SWANSON, FRANK E.
SWEARINGEN, HENRY CURTIS
SWEENEY, D. F.
SWEET, DONALD H.
SWEET, SIDNEY R.
SwIFT, Mrs. ALDEN B.
SWIFT, T. PHILIP
SYPE, GEORGE
TABB, H. B.
TABERNER, Miss MATTIE E.
TALBOT, Mrs. EUGENE S., JR.
TANKERSLEY, J. N.
TASH, J. DONALD
TATGE, Mrs. PAUL W.
TAYLOR, ARTHUR E.
TAYLOR, Mrs. DANIEL
TAYLOR, Mrs. EUGENE S.
TAYLOR, FRANK F.
284 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
TAYLOR, GRAHAM
TAYLOR, L. S.
TAYLor, M. B.
TayLor, Mrs. O. L.
TEAGLE, E. W.
TECKEMEYER, A. O.
TEGTMEYER, ERNEST F.
TELFER, THOMAS A.
TELLER, GEORGE L.
Temps, LEUPOLD
TENNANT, COLIN MCK., Sr.
TERPNING, B. E.
TrerRRY, Dr. C. Roy
TERRY, Mrs. SCHUYLER B.
TEVANDER, Mrs. OLAF N.
THAL, MISS ELSIE
THARALDSEN, Mrs. H. I.
THAYER, HARRY W.
THEOBALD, DR. WALTER H.
THEURER, LOUIS F.
THIEHOFF, WILLIAM F.
Tuom, Henry C.
THOMAS, CHARLES F.
THOMAS, REV. GEORGE H.
THOMAS, Mrs. HENRY BASCOM
Tuomas, Miss IpA W.
THomAS, Mrs. PAUL AMANDUS
Tuomas, Roy K.
THOMASON, S. E.
THOMLINSON, Miss Eva M.
THOMPSON, Mrs. ADA R.
THOMPSON, ERNEST H.
THOMPSON, JOHN, II
THOMPSON, LAVERN W.
THOMPSON, MISS MAUDE
THOMPSON, DR. ORION K.
THOMPSON, Mrs. SLASON
THOMSON, HERBERT B.
THORPE, Mrs. A. H.
THORSNESS, LIONEL G.
THROOP, GEORGE ENOS
THURSTONE, Mrs. LoutIs L.
TIBBITS, Mrs. GEORGE F.
TIEKEN, DR. THEODORE
Tiers, Louis P.
TIFFEN, HERBERT
TrirFT, Mrs. H.
TIGHE, ALBERT D.
TIMBERLAKE, Mrs. THOMAS M.
TIPPETT, WILLIAM M.
Titus, Mrs. EDGAR V.
ToBIN, Mrs. SAMUEL
Topp, A.
Topt, EDWARD GEORGE
ToMAJAN, Mrs. D. K.
TONK, Percy A.
TOOHEY, ELMER
TOOLE, Mrs. THEODORE T.
TORPE, MISS PEARL
TOURTELOT, MISS EDYTHE C.
TOWNER, MISS ELIZABETH W.
TOWNER, FRANK H.
TOWNER, H. C.
TOWNSEND, Mrs. K. A.
Tracy, ATLEE H.
TRAER, CHARLES S.
TRAMEL, FORSYTH
TRIGGS, CHARLES W.
TRINER, MRS. JOSEPH
TROTZKEY, ELIAS L.
TROUP, PAUL V.
Trow, Mrs. WILLIAM H., JR.
TROXEL, Mrs. THOMAS G.
Troy, LEo J.
TRuC, WALTER
TRUDE, Mrs. A. S.
TRUDE, MRS. GEORGE A.
TRUMAN, PERCIVAL H.
TRUMBULL, MISS FLORENCE
TRUMBULL, ROBERT F.
TUBERGEN, DR. BENJAMIN F.
TumA, Mrs. MARY
TURNER, MRS. GEORGE T.
Tuska, Mrs. ALICE
TuTEuR, IRVING M.
TUTTLE, CHARLES
TUTTLE, W. F.
TWYMAN, ROBERT J.
TYLER, ALFRED C.
UHLIR, JOSEPH Z.
Uuric, Mrs. EMMA
ULLERY, Mrs. C. E.
ULLMANN, Mrs. ALBERT I.
UPHAM, ROBERT P.
URHEIM, Dr. O. J.
UTLEY, GEORGE B.
VAILL, Mrs. J. H.
VALENTINE, MISS MARGARET G.
VANBUREN, Mrs. MILDRED
VANCE, WALTER N.
VANDELLEN, Dr. R. L.
VANDENBERGH, MRS. PETER J.
VANDEURSEN, JOHN 8S.
VANDOREN, Mrs. W. H.
VANDYKE, Mrs. GERARD
VANHOOSEN, DR. BERTHA
VANO’LINDA, FRED
VANSICELE, K. L.
JAN. 1932
VaRTY, LEO G.
VAUGHAN, MRs. G. M.
VAUGHAN, ROGER T.
VAUGHN, A. M.
VENARD, MRS. GEORGE C.
VENNING, FRANK L.
VENT, Miss DOROTHEA E.
VERNIA, Mrs. EDWARD P.
VETTERLIET, MISS ANNA 8S.
Victor, Mrs. FELIX
VIcToR, JOHN H.
VILAS, Mrs. GEORGE B.
VLASAK, JOSEPH C.
VopozZ, FREDERICK W.
VOIGHT, JOHN P.
VOLK, CARL B.
VOLTZ, DANIEL W.
VOORHEES, JAMES M.
VOORHEES, Mrs. L. P.
VosE, Mrs. FREDERICK P.
VosE, WALTER S.
VOSHARDT, Mrs. H. F.
WAALKES, MIss FLORA
WADSWORTH, Miss HELEN C.
WAGNER, EDWIN L.
WAGNER, ERWIN
WAGNER, H. D.
WAGNER, RICHARD
WAITE, Miss MURIEL W.
WAITE, Roy E.
WALBRIDGE, JOHN TUTHILL
WALDECK, HERMAN
WALDRON, JOHN C.
WALDSCHMIDT, WILLIAM F..
WALDSCHMIDT, WILLIAM K.
WALKER, BARTON F.
WALKER, JAMES R.
WALKER, DR. JAMES W.
WALLNER, DR. JOHN 8S.
WALSH, Miss Mary
WALTHER, Mrs. S. ARTHUR
WALTON, Dr. B. C.
WALTON, LYMAN A.
WARD, B. E.
WARFIELD, Mrs. W. S.
WARNER, Mrs. DAVID A.
WARNER, MASON
WARNER, Mrs. W. H.
WARREN, Mrs. E. K.
WARREN, WILLIAM G.
WASHBURN, DR. JAMES MURRAY
WASHBURN, JOHN R.
Waskow, Mrs. RICHARD G.
WASSON, THERON
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
WATERMAN, Mrs. E. H.
WATERS, R. 7.
WATERSTRAAT, GEORGE B.
WATKINS, FRANK A.
WATKINS, FREDERICK A.
WATKINS, JESSE M.
WATKINS, W. W.
WATSON, Mrs. HATHAWAY
Watson, Mrs. J. K.
WATSON, VERNON S.
WATSON, WILLIAM R.
WATTERSON, Mrs. W. H.
WauGH, WILLIAM FRANCIS
Waxman, Isaac D.
WEALELY, F. B.
WEARY, EDWIN F.
WEAVER, Mrs. KATHERINE P.
WEAVER, MISS PEARL L.
WEBER, NORTON H.
WEBSTER, CHARLES R.
WEBSTER, EDGAR CONVERSE
WEBSTER, Mrs. F. N.
WEDDELL, JOHN
WEED, C. FRED
WEGG, DONALD R.
WEIL, C. H.
WEIL, Mrs. Car. H.
WEIL, Mrs. JULIUS E.
WEIL, Mrs. VICTOR
WEINTROUB, BENJAMIN
WEIR, Miss Mary D.
WEISBACH, JOHN G.
WEIss, Mrs. A. J.
WEIss, THEODORE O.
WEISSBRENNER, DR. R. F.
WELCH, L. C.
WELLES, Mrs. DONALD P.
WELLES, Mrs. EDWARD KENNETH
WELLS, Mrs. Eva THORNTON
WENDELL, FRED
WENDELL, MISS JOSEPHINE A.
WENGLER, Miss ELLA EH.
WENTWORTH, JOHN
WERELIUS, Mrs. AXEL
WERNECKE, MISS BERTHA L.
WERNER, RICHARD B.
WESSEL, Mrs. LEWIS
WEST, FREDERICK T.
WEsT, Mrs. G. ALBERT
WEsT, Dr. G. N.
WEST, THOMAS H.
WESTBROOK, Mrs. E. S.
WESTON, CHARLES V.
WESTPHAL, Miss Mary E.
WHATLEY, S. T.
285
286 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—REPORTS, VOL. IX
WHEDON, MIss FRANCES E.
WHEELER, MpRs. H. E.
WHEELER, LESLIE M.
WHEELER, SEYMOUR
WHETZEL, DR. F. F.
WHIDDEN, Ray A.
WHIDDEN, ROSWELL B.
WHISE, DR. MELCHIOR
WHITE, Miss BERTHA M.
WHITE, GEORGE H.
WHITE, Miss LAURA G.
WHITE, W. J.
WHITE, WILLIAM P.
WHITEFORD, Miss ELIZABETH A.
WHITING, ROBERT B.
WHITMAN, MIss CELIA M.
WHITNEY, CHARLES P.
WHITNEY, Mrs. JASON F.
WHITTY, ELMER J.
WHITWELL, J. E.
WICKHAM, Mrs. THOMAS Y.
WICKLAND, ALGOT A.
WICKS, JAMES E.
WIELAND, Mrs. AGNES
WIELAND, HAROLD G.
WIERSEN, Miss ANNIE C.
WIERSMA, ASA
WIGENT, MISS ZELLA
WILBUR, FRED T.
WILBY, Mrs. ARTHUR C.
WILCE, GEORGE C.
WILD, A. CLEMENT
WILD, PAYSON S.
WILD, RICHARD
WILD, RUDOLPH L.
WILDER, Mrs. LOREN
WILDER, PAUL
WILDER, DR. RUSSELL M.
WILDS, JOHN L.
WILEY, EDWARD N.
WILEY, GERALD T.
WILHELM, FRANK EDWARD
WILKEN, Mrs. THEODORE
WILKEY, FRED S.
WILKINS, CHARLES L.
WILKINS, Miss RUTH
WILKINSON, MRS. GEORGE D.
WILLARD, GUY
WILLETT, ALBERT V.
WILLETT, HOWARD L.
WILLIAMS, CLIFFORD H.
WILLIAMS, Dr. E. B.
WILLIAMS, Miss GWENDOLYN
WILLIAMS, HARVEY S.
WILLIAMS, Miss IRENE
WILLIAMS, KENNETH
WILLIAMS, LAWRENCE M.
WILLIAMS, LUCIAN E.
WILLIAMS, Dr. T. J.
WILLIAMSON, D.
WILLMAN, PHILIP FE.
WILLS, VANLEER
WILSON, MISS CAROLYN
WILSON, MRS. CHRISTOPHER J.
WILSON, E. L.
WILson, Mrs. JoEL R.
WILSON, Lucius E.
WILSON, Mrs. Morris K.
WILSON, PERCIVAL C.
WILSON, Mrs. PERCY
WILSON, R. F.
WILSON, Mrs. ROBERT E.
WILSON, Mrs. SYLVESTER FE.
WILSON, WILLIAM G.
WILSON, WILLIAM R.
WILSON, REV. WILLIS RAY
WINDES, Mrs. FRANK A.
WInpDsor, Miss Mary L.
WINTERBOTHAM, Mrs. JOHN R., JR.
WINTERS, Mrs. L. D.
WINTERS, Mrs. LEANDER L.
WISE, Mrs. HAROLD
WITKOWSKY, JAMES
WIVEL, Mrs. HERBERT W.
WOLBACH, MURRAY
WOLCOTT, CARL F.
WOLF, Miss PRUDENCE
WOLFE, JOSEPH J.
WOLFE, WILLIAM C.
WOLFF, CHRISTIAN J.
Wo.rFr, Mrs. Harry G.
WOLTERDING, GERHARD C.
Woop, DONALD M.
Woop, MILTON G.
Woopcock, Mrs. L. T.
Wooprvurr, Miss FLORENCE
WooprurFr, M. P.
Woops, EDWARD G.
Woops, FRED W.
WooDWARD, ROBERT M.
WoopwortTH, Mrs. C. B.
WoopDyYATT, DR. ROLLIN TURNER
Woo.r, Mrs. JAMES D.
WORKMAN, Mrs. DEAN M.
Wray, Mrs. JAMES G.
WRIGHT, Miss Dorotuy A.
WRIGHT, H. C.
WRIGHT, WILLIAM V. D.
WRISLEY, GEORGE A.
WUERST, Mrs. R. J.
JAN. 1932 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR
WuRZBURG, H. J.
WYSZYNSKI, WALTER H.
WYMAN, CHARLES H.
YARROS, DR. RACHELLE S.
YATES, GEORGE A.
YEAKEL, DR. WILLIAM K.
YEOMANS, CHARLES
YounG, E. FRANK
YOUNG, FERDINAND H.
YOUNG, JAMES W.
Younc, Mrs. JOHN M.
Younc, Mrs. JOSEPH W.
YOUNGBERG, ARTHUR C.
YOUNGLOVE, JAMES C.
YUENGER, H. T.
ARBUCKLE, MRS. G. S.
BARTELLS, DR. HENRY W. F.
BRAUN, ARTHUR J.
BUCHHOLZ, ERIC
CAHN, BENJAMIN R.
CORRIGAN, JAMES
DEMONT, CARL
DEVRIES, GEORGE
GOLDSMITH, MOSES
GREENGARD, MAX
HICKLIN, JOHN W.
HINMAN, Mrs. CurtTIs M.
Isaacs, Hon. MARTIN J.
KNIGHT, CHARLES S.
KRAMER, CLETUS F.
ZACHARIAS, ROBERT M.
ZANDER, Mrs. I. M.
ZANE, JOHN MAXCyY
ZBYSZEWSKI, TYTUS
ZEITZ, ANDREW R.
ZEMON, MISS EDNA
ZENOS, REV. ANDREW C.
ZIFF, PETER
ZIMMERMAN, IRVING
ZIMMERMAN, RALPH W.
ZIMMERMANN, Mrs. P. T.
ZITZEWITZ, Mrs. H.
ZOLLA, ABNER M.
ZORN, Mrs. LERoy J.
ZUCKER, W. J.
DECEASED, 1931
Moore, Dr. FRANK D.
MULLEN, TIMOTHY F.
MULLIKEN, A. H.
NEWTON, DONALD W.
NiEsz, HOMER E.
Pappbock, Dr. CHARLES E.
PHELAN, CHARLES
PoMEROY, Mrs. CHRISTINA K.
RICHARDSON, GRANVILLE W.
RIP Ley, Mrs. E. P.
RYCROFT, MRS. HERBERT E.
Sisk, Mrs. Mary A.
SLocum, Mrs. M. E.
THACHER, Mrs. F. B.
THE LIBRARY OF THE
MAY 18 1932
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS,
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