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UNITED STATES
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Washington , D. C.
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30,
1952
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
IMMIGRATION and NATURALIZATION SERVICE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
WASHINGTON , D. C.
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1952
A. R: MACKEY
COMMISSIONER
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Washington 25, D, C.
Report of the Commissioner
of Immigration and Naturalization
The Attorney General
United States Department of Justice
Sir! I have the honor to submit the Annual Report of the Immigration
and Naturalization Service for the year ending June 30 1952, The
outstanding accomplishments of the Service during the year have been
set forth in text and tables as well as some of the more pressing
prob 1 ems ,
The report has been assembled under the editorial supervision of
Mrs, Helen Eckersjon, Chief of the Statistics Branch of the Admin
istrative Division.
Respectfully submitted,
^.^-^^>^ ^:^^e^^a
Commi s sioner
Immigration and Naturalization Service
November 10, 1952
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Chapter I Introduction
Chapter 2 Legislation and Litigation
Public I aws , . , , , ,,.,... ^ ................ 5
Private bills int reduced and enacted .... . 6
L i t i g at i on .......,.......,-...-...,:. . ,7
Writs of Habeas Corpus., ........... 50
Chapter 3 immigratio.n and Emigration
C rewmen .,.,,., 13
I mm igrants...........................c.... ................... 14
Non I mm i g rants. ...,...-.-., .................................. 21
Exercise of Ninth Prov i sp. ................................. . 23
Agr icu I turai i aborers. .................. ^ .................. . 24
Canad i an woodsmen .......................... o .............. . 26
Petition for immigration visas and reentry permits........... 26
Emigrants and nonem i grants, .,...„..„.,...„. ^ ................ , 28
Chapter 4 Adjustment of Status
Suspension of deportation.................................... 29
Displaced persons residing in United States................. 30
Preexami nat i on ...........„..,,...,......,..,....,.,„....,,. . 3,i
Exercise of Seventh Proviso ............................... . 32
Reg i st ry ............................. o .......... . ....... 33
Chapter 5 Deportation, Detention and Border Patroi
Deportations and voluntary departures., .. ............. 34
Border Pat ro I ...................................... . 39
Detent i on. ................................................. . 44
Alien paro i e, .............................................. . 49
Exc i MS I ons. . . . 5
Chapter 6 investigations
Ant 1 -subvers i ve investigations.............................. 55
Ant I -smugg M ng and stowaway investigations.................. 56
Fraud in vest i gat 1 ons. ...................,..,........,...;.. , 57
Generai i n vest i gat i ons. 57
Page
Chapter 7 Naturalization
Dec I arat i ons f i I ed 60
Pet it i ons f i I ed ............................................ . 60
Petitions granted...,. 60
Pet it i ons den i ed ........................................... . 62
Naturalizations revoked...................................... 62
Loss of nationality.. 63
Citizenship acquired by resumption or repatriation.......... 64
Derivative citizenship 64
C i t i zensh i p educat i on 65
Chapter 8 Statistics, Information and Instructions
St at i St i c s 69
Info rm at ion....................... .......................... 70
Instructions.... 71
Chapter 9 Administration
Personne I 72
Finance. .............................. ...I. ...... ............ 74
Budget. ..................................................... 79
Space, services and supplies....... 80
Management improvement program.............................. 81
Records administration...................................... 86
APPENDIX I
JUDICIAL OPINIONS IN LITIGATION AFFECTING THE SERVICE
APPENDIX I I
Table I. immigration to the United States: 1820 - 1952
Table 2. Aliens and citiz-ens admitted and departed, b^* months.
Years ended June 30, 1951 and 1952
Table 3. Aliens admitted, by classes under the immigration laws:
Years ended June 30, 1948 to i952
Table 4. immigration by country, for decades: 1820 to 1952
Table 5„ Immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed,
by port or district: Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 6. immigrant al lens admitted, by classes under the immi-
gration laws and country or region of birth: Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 6A. Immigrant aliens admitted, by c I asses under the immigration
laws and country of last permanent residence: Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 68. immigrant aliens admitted to the United States under the
Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended, by classes and country
or region of birth: June 25, 1948 to June 30, 1952
Table 6C. Displaced persons and other immigrant aliens admitted to
the United States, by country or region of birth. Year ended
June 30, 1952
Table 7. Annual quotas and quota immigrants admitted. Years ended
June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 8. Immigrant aliens admitted, by country or region of birth,
and major occupation group: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 9. Immigrant aliens admitted, by country or region of birth,
sex and age: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 10. Immigrant aliens admitted, by race, sex and age: Year
ended June 30, 1952
Table lOA. I mmi g rant a I i ens admitted and emigrant aliens departed,
by sex, age, i I I iteracy, and major occupation group: Years ended
June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table lOB. immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed,
by country or region of birth, sex, and marital status: Year
ended June 30, 1952
Table M. Aliensandcitizensadmittedanddeparted, aliens excluded:
Years ended June 30, 1908 to 1952
Table 12. Immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed, by
State of intended future or last permanent residence: Years ended
June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table I2A. Displaced persons and other immigrant aliens admitted to
the United States by rural and urban area and city: Year ended
June 30, 1952
Table 128. Immigrant aliens admitted to the United States, by rural
and urban area and city: Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 13. Immigrant aliens admitted and emigrant aliens departed,
by country of last or intended future permanent residence: Years
ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table I3A. Immigrant aliens admitted, by country or region of birth:
Years ended June 30, 1943 to 1952
APPENDIX I I (Cont inued
Table 14, Emigrant aliens departed, by race, sex and age: Year
ended June 30, 1952
Table 14A, Emigrant aliens departed, by country or region of birth,
and major occupation group: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 15. Emigrant aliens departed, by country or region of birth,
sex, and age: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 16. Nonimmigrant aliens admitted, by classes under the immi-
gration laws and country or region of birth. Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 17, Nonimmigrant aliens admitted, by classes under the immi-
gration laws and country or region of last permanent residence:
Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 18» Nonimmigrant al lens admitted and nonemigrant al iens de-
parted, by country of last or intendecl futurq permanent residence:
Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 19. Nonimmigrant aliens admitted as temporary visitors,
transits, students, or treaty traders in the United States, by
district: On June 30, 195 1 and 1952
Table 20, Aliens excluded, from the United States, by cause:
Years ended June 30, 1943 to 1952
Table 21, Aliens excluded from the United States, by country or
region of birth, and cause: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 22. Alien crewmen deserted from vessels arrived at American
seaports, by nationality and flag of vessel: Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 23. Vessels and airplanes inspected, crewmen examined and
stowaways found on arriving vessels, by districts: Years ended
June 30, 1951 and 1952
Table 24. Aliens deported, by cause and country to which deported.
Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 24 A „ Aliens deported and aliens departing voluntarily under
proceedings: Years ended June 30, 1892 to 1952
Table 25. Inward movement of aliens and citizens over Internationa
land boundaries, by State and port. Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 26. Aliens who reported under the Alien Address Program, by
selected national i t i es, and by rural and urban area and city:
Dur I ng 195 I
Table 27. M iscei laneous transactions at land border ports, by
distrncts: Year ended june 30, 1952
Table 28. Inward movement of aliens and cit i zens over international
land boundaries: Years ended June 30, 1928 to I952
Table 29. Principal activities and accomplishments of Immigration
Border Patrol, by districts: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 30. Passenger travel between the United States and foreign
countries, by port of arrival or departure: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 30A. Passenger travel between the United States and foreign
countries, by country of embarkation and debarkation, class of
travel and national i ty of carrier: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 31. Passenger travel to the United States from foreign
countries, by country of embarkation: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 32. Passenger travel from the United States to foreign
countries, by country of debarkation: Year ended June 30, '952
APPENDIX I I (Cont inued)
Table 33. Alien passengers arrived inthe United States from foreign
countries, by port of arrival dnd country of embarkation: Year
ended June 30, 1952
Table 34. Alien passengers departed from the United States to
foreign countries, by port of departure and country of debarka-
tion: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 35. Citizen passengers arrived in the United Statesfrom
foreign countries, by port of arrival and country of embarkation:
Year ended June 3>0 , 1952
Table 36. Citizen passengers departed from the United States to
foreign countries, by port of departure and country of debarka-
tion: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 37. Declarations of intention filed, petitions for naturali-
zation filed, and persons naturalized: Years ended June 30, 1907
to 1952
Table 38. Persons naturalized, by classes under the nationality laws
and country or region of former allegiance: Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 39. Persons nat u ra I i zed, by. count ry or reg i on of fo rmer allegi-
ance: Years ended June 30, 1943 to 1952
Table 40. Persons naturalized, by country or region of former alle-
giance and major occupation group: Yea" ended June 30, 1952
Table 41. Petitionsfornaturalization denied, by reasons for denial;
Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 42. Persons naturalized, by sex and marital status with com-
parative percent of total: Years ended June 30, 1944 to 1952
Table 43. Persons naturalized, by sex and age: Years ended June 30,
1944 to 1952
Table 44. Persons naturalized, by States and territories of resi-
dence: Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 45. Persons naturalized, by specified countries of former
a I I eg i ance and by rural and urban area and city: Year ended June 30,
1952
Table 46. Persons naturalized, by country or region of birthand
year of entry: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 46A. Persons natural ized, by country or region of birth and
country or region of former al legiance: Year ended June 30, 1952
Table 47. Persons naturalized, by statutory provisions for naturali-
zation: Years ended June 30, 1948 to 1952
Table 48. Writs of Habeas Corpus inexclusion and deportation cases:
Years ended June 30, 1943 to 1952
Table 49. Prosecutions for immigration and nationality violations:
Years ended June 30, 1943 to 1952
CHAPTER
1
NTRODUCTION
1>S^iS4®SSS?5SS'
'^^^^m^mmmm
The development of immigration and nationality policy of the
United States has necessarily been closely associated with our
economic, political, and social history. As these varied threads
of history have become inextricably intertwined, so, too, have the
responsibilities of the Immigration and Naturalization Service
become varied, complex, and difficult. In short-term perspective
the conspicuous and distinctive motivations for the year ended
June 30, 1952, seemed to be: a quicl<ened sense of accountability
for law enforcement to insure protection from subversive and other
i llegal alien elements; an urgency to administer the immigration
and nationality laws with the equity and consideration that befits
a Government agency in a country that has so recently assumed world
leadership, and a girding for the overhauling of the regulatory
and administrative machinery of the Service for the implementation
of the all-inclusive Immigration and Nationality Act of June 27, 1952.
A reorganization, planned for greater efficiency, was put into
effect during the year. The reorganization was undertaken because
the experience gained in administering the Internal Security Act
of 1950 indicated a need for change. Also, the decentralization
of many adjudicative functions to districts and. the change in ap-
peals procedures made some changes desirable. Anticipation of new
procedures to implement the new immigration and Nationality Act
that becomes effective on December 24, 1952, also pointed to some
need for reorganization.
The Operations Advisors group, under the Deputy Commissioner,
was enlarged so that close liaison between the field offices and
the Central Office could be more readily maintained. The Personnel
Office was placed directly under the Deputy Commissioner, and certain
personnel actions were delegated to the district directors.
For better administration, the enforcement work was divided
between an Assistant Commissioner for Investigations and an Assistant
- ^. -
Commissioner for Border Patrol, Detention,, and Deportations Much of
the adjudicative work formerly done in the Centra! Office has been
transferred to the field offices in tne past two years In addition,
jurisdiction over cases formerly appealable to i ne Adjudications Divi-
sion in the Central Office, with a further right of appeal to the
Board of Immigration Appeals, was conferred exclusively on the Board
of Immigration Appeals Therefore, the former Adj ud icat i ons Di v is . on
became the inspections and Examinations Divisicn, with personnel
responsible for enunciation of Service policy and dissemination of
Board opinions, so that changing trends and policies may be rapidly
relayed to the field offices. New emphasis was placed on citizenship
education in the Citizenship Services and instructions Division; and
the Statistics Branch, with certain added research functions, was
p , aced p the Administrative Division
Possibly the most emphasized function of the year was that of
enforcement, because the mount i ng international tensions made national
security of first importance investigators^ border patrolmen, immi-
grant inspectors, and security officers used ev&ry means attheircom-
mand to ferret out and apprehend and deport subversive aliens in the
United States, or to exclude from the United States any such aliens
seeking entry
Each year since the end of World War I i has seen more and more
alien immigrants, tourists, crewmen, border crossers, as well as
United States citizens, arriv-ng at our land, sea, and air ports,
seek'ing admission There they must be examined by our immigrant
inspectors Last year there were more than 107 million entries
More than half of those who were admitted were citizens, and of the
52,852,677 alien admissions, 97 percent were repeated entries of
border crossers at the Canadian arid Mexican borders
There were 265,520 aliens admitted who were immigrants admitted
for permanent residence Not since !929 have so many immigrants
been admitted in a single-year The high number is due in part_ to
the admission of ethnic Germans and displaced persons, and also to
the increasing number of immigrants from Western Hemisphere nonquota
countries, and the number of wives of citizens who are coming largely
from the countr es where United States military forces and civilians
are stat i oned
The c ount ry c ont i nued to import woodsmen and potato diggers
from Canada, asparagus pickers from the West indies, and cotton
pickers and other agricultural laborers from Mexico in total about
236 000 temporary workers were brought into the United States, either
under special legislation or under the discretionary powers of the
Attorney General
in addition to the aliens who entered the United States legally,
there were many others who wished to come in who could not legally
enter for varous reasons The smuggi i ng and stowaway methods of
entry of al lens continued to be a lucrative, nefarious business
- 3 -
To be sure, the attractiveness of the appeal to enter varies It may
mean fieeing from persecution by a European who cannot obtain a quota
number, or it may mean seeking an undocumented entry in order to carry
on theschemesof a foreign agent; or it may be a way to earn a ' better
living than can be obtained in Mexico; or it may mean trying to escape
the conditions in the Orient which have increased the desire of
thousands of Chinese persons tofind a haven in some other part of the
world Whatever the motivation, the means used to try to enter were
nume rous.
Two men were discovered crossing from Canada to Buffalo in the
trunk of a car F ve others carved for themselves a two-room suite
out of a cork cargo from Portugal; another, assisted by a deck ste-
ward, travelled first class in a deck chair; others are flown from
Cuba or Mexico to t ttie-used airfields where they are picked up by
organized groups of taxi drivers and driven north, and, of course,
many others from Mex.co use the traditional "wetback" method of
crossing the R;o Grande Subversives, criminals, narcotic i aw v i o-
ators. smugg ed a, ens,, other li legal entrants, in that order of
precedence, were sought out for expulsion from the country or pro-
secut ; on ,
Some measure of the accomplishments in law enforcement is ;n the
number of deportat ons and voluntary departures Following World
War ,:, deportations averaged about !8,000 a year During '950 and
'95:, the number was ;ower, because the Service,, in an effort to com-
bat the enormous Mex'can Miegai entry problem adopted the po i i cy of
g rant , ng voluntary departure in as many cases as possib.e in the
fiScai year 952 the number of deportations again equalled 20, -8!,
wh i 1 e the numbe • of those permitted to depart reached the astronomical
figure of 703 778
The 3' a ens deported and 148 aliens excluded as subversves
tens on.y a smai. part of the story of i nvest ; gat ■ ons and hearings
necessary to brng about the desired result of r dding the country of
subversive anens Smuggling, which has become an an too lucrative
and we 1 i ordered busness .n recent years,, continued to be a serious
problem, and the vo i ume of Mexican iilega. entries continued to be a
maj or prob > em
Wh le. undoubtedly the internal security and enforcement pro-
grams have taken precedence over ai! other programs in the past year,
the Service has n a very different sense, had another program of
security — that of natura i i zat ion . Part of the assimilative process
of aliens into our democracy lies in their entering nto and accept-
ing the duties and responsibilities of citizenship.
In the f iscai year 952, it was evident that many of the new
immigrants who have come to this country since the war, were be-
coming naturalized as soon as the residence requirements were ful-
filled The number of naturalization certif.cates granted was 88,655,
an increase of 62 percent s ■ nee last year
- 4 -
Part of the citizenship education program has been the active
participation of members of this Service in the "i Am An American
Day" programs During the past year a new emphasis was placed on
this celebration of citizenship when Congress, by Joint Resolution,
approved February 29, 1952, designated September 17 of each year
to be celebrated as "Citizenship Day", in commemoration of the sign-
ing of the Constitution on September 17, 1787, The observance of
this day will give all citizens, native-born and naturalized, an
opportunity of dedicating themselves to the principles of democracy.
This report would not be complete without mention of the repre-
sentatives of the Central Office and the field offices who have
worked with the Congressional Committees to give technical advice
in the drafting of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, and
who now are using their knowledge and skill in the monumental task
of readying the Service for the operation of the new Act when its
provisions become effective on December 24-, 1952.
CHAPTER 2
Legislation
AND
Litigation
The Service, through the office of the General Counsel, drafted
or approved 3,989 legislative reports expressing the views of the
Service on both public and private bills during the fiscal year, as
compared with 2,108 such reports during the previous fiscal year.
Other legislative work of that office included the drafting of 56
items of proposed legislation, the same number as in the preceding
year.
Public Laws. — The major legislative project of the fiscal year
continued to be the work begun early in 1950 on omnibus bills hav-
ing for their purpose the recodification, and in many particulars
the revision, of existing laws relating to immigration, naturaliza-
tion and nationality. These bills culminated in H. R. 5678, 82nd
Congress, which was enacted over the President's veto on June 27,
1952, and became Pub I ic Law 4 14. The Service and other representa-
tives of the Department of Justice continued active cooperation
with those engaged in Congressional Committee work by giving tech-
nical advice on this omnibus legislation, in various conferences,
draft revisions, reports and other tasks. Pub I ic Law 4 14 was
undoubtedly the most important legislative product of the fiscal
year just closed. Its real impact upon the Service functions will
not be felt until well into the current year. Its enactment just
three days before the close of the fiscal year would in any event
have left it very little time to affect the operations of that year.
Moreover, with one exception. Its provisions will not go Into effect
until December 24, 1952. The work of drafting the necessary regula-
tions and Instructions to implement the Act, of construing and
interpreting its many new provisions, are necessarily the agenda of
the current year. And of course the full weight of the Act will
not be manifest until it has been in effect for some time.
Anticipation of the enactment of the omnibus bill undoubtedly
had an inhibiting effect insofar as concerned Congressional action
on many other public measures relating to Service functions.
Consideration of bills dea I i ng wi t h vari ous phases of immigration and
naturalization was deferred because the general omnibus bill was
looked upon as likely to render separate publ ic enactments un-
necessary .
Other public laws introduced in the 82nd Congress relating
to or affecting the work of the Service and enacted during the
year included the Act of July 12, 1951 ( Pub i i c Law 78 ) . amending
the Agricultural Act of*l949; the Act of October 19, 1951 ( Pub I ic
Law 18 1), terminating the state of war between the United States
and Germany, the Act of March 20, 1952 ( Pub I ic Law 285 ) , creating
a penalty for harboring or concealing illegally entered aliens,
and making it a criminal offense to transport certain illegally
entered aliens with knowledge of such status; th,e Act of April 9,
1952 ( Pub I ic Law 507 ) . making special quota immigration visas
available to certain alien sheephe rde rs, the Act of June 18, 1952
(Pub I i c Law 595 ) . facilitating the acquisition of detention facil-
ities.
Private bills introduced and enacted ■ — The number of private
laws dealing with immigration and naturalization matters enacted
during the fiscal year was 477, compared with 554 enacted during
the previous fiscal year, 202 during the fiscal year 1950, 23
during the fiscal year 1949, and 117 during the fiscal year 1948.
The total number of private bi I Is introduced during the past
fiscal year was 2,008, of which 1,569 were introduced in the House
and 659 in the Senate. As pointed out in the last annual report,
comparatively few private bi I Is are enacted into laws, the average
as to prior years being less than ten percent In the fiscai year
of 1951, the proportion rose to almost i7 percent. The upward
trend continued during the past fiscal year and the number of
private laws then enacted — 477 — was over 24 percent of the 2,008
private bills introduced in the same period.
Whether or not bills are enacted into law, their introduction
results in many requests upon the Service for reports to the
Congressional Committees concerned. High priority is given to
such cases in the field investigations required as a basis for such
reports Thus the growing number of bills introduced in each
Congress becomes an increasing burden on the investigative force
of the Service. This adds correspondingly to the work of the
General Counsel's office in preparing reports and in appearances
by representatives of his office at hearings or proceedings upon
many of such bills before Congressional Committees.
L i t i gat i on — The Internal Security Act of 1950, which amended
the Act of October 16, 1918, made criminal prosecutions a more valu-
able weapon of enforcement in subversive, alien registration, and
other types of cases. Publ ic Law 285, making it an offense to trans-
port i 1 legal iy entered al iens, also added to the types of cases to be
prosecuted
- 7 -
NUMBER OF PRIVATE StttS JNTRODUCED INTO CON0RES3 ANO ENACTED
MUMSER T6TH - 82 NO CONS«ESSES
5,669
728
-«,000-
293
30
.CZl
601
65
430
76lh
2,811
PRIVATE 8H,LS mTBODOCEO
503
PRIVATE LAWS ENACTED
163
I ,141
181
t,. LJ !._^...
II 31 $t 82 (Wj
As in previous years, the great bulk of the litigation was
in the Federal District Courts. Many of the decisions there were
appealed to the various United States Courts of Appeals and there
was a continuing trend by the parties adversely affected by the
appellate decisions to seek review by the United States Supreme
Court.
During the past fiscal year, the Supreme Court announced its
decisions in the following cases, which either arose out of
Service activities or involved statutes administered by this
Service: Bi ndczyck v. F inucane. 342 U.S. 76; U.S. ex re I . Jaeqe ler
V. Carus i . 342 U.S. 347; Carlson et al . v. Landon. 342 U.S. 524;
Hari s i ades v. Shauqhnessv. 342 U.S. 580; Acheson v. Ok imura. 342
U.S. 899; Acheson v. Murata. 342 U.S. 900; United States v. Spector.
343 U.S. 169; and Kawakita v. United States. 343 U.S. 7 17.
Other actions by the Supreme Court during the fiscal year
included the denial of certiorari in the cases of G reene et a I .
v. United States. 342 U.S. 813; Abo et al . v. McGrath. Aoki v.
Barber. McGrath v. Abo, and Barber v. Aoki ^ 342 U.S. 832; Kun i.yuki v.
Acheson. 342 U.S. 942; Mac h ado v. McGrath. 342 U.S. 948; Sine! ro v.
United States. 343 U.S. 9Q4; and denial of bail in U.S. ex re I .
Young v. Shauqhnessv. 343 U.S. 9 13.
The Supreme Court granted certiorari in the following cases,
which were continued to the 1952 - 1953 calendar: Go rdon v.
Heikkinen. 343 U.S. 903; Chew v. Cold inq, 343 U.S. 933; Mandol i
V. Acheson . 343 U.S. 976. Other cases filed with the court for
consideration and continued to the 1952 - 1953 term include
- 8 -
Yan i sh v. Barbe r . petition for certiorari to the Court of Appeals,
Ninth Circuit, to review — F. 2d — ; Lutwack v United States,
petition for certiorari to the Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit,
to review 195 F. 2d 748; Reved i n v. Ac heson , petition for certi-
orari to the Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, to review 194 F.
2d 482; Shauqhness.y v. Meze i . petition for certiorari to the Court
of Appeals, Second Circuit, to review 195 F. 2d 964; Mart i nez v.
Nee II y. petition for certiorari to the Court of Appeals, Seventh
Circuit, to review 197 F 2d 462, and Woh I mut h v Acheson , peti-
tion for certiorari to the Court of Appeals, District of Columbia
Circuit to review 196 F 2d 866.
Of the many issues disposed of during the fiscal year by the
Supreme Court Or pending before it for disposition in the ensuing
year, some mention must be made of the high lights. In the
Ha r i s i ades case, supra, the Supreme Court at long last passed
upon and sustained the constitutionality of the deportation pro-
visions of the Act of October 16, 1918, as amended, which make
former membership in the Communist Party in the United States
grounds for deportation. This has been one of the chief weapons
of the Service in the struggle against subversive aliens. Of
comparable importance, the Carl son case, supra, confirmed the
power granted by Section 23 of the Internal Security Act of
1950 to detain without bail aliens in deportation proceedings who
are currently active adherents of Communism and who are likely to
aid in carrying out the objectives of the world Communist move-
ment „ The Spec to r decision, supra, sustained against a charge
of unconstitutionality for vagueness the penal provisions of
Section 23, of the Internal Security Act of 1950, which require
aliens ordered deported as subversive to cooperate in obtaining
the travel documents prerequisite to deportation Cumulatively,
these three decisions are of monumental importance in the battle
against subversion, since they make possible the effective use of
the legislation Con,gress has designed for that purpose
Other important issues relating to subversive aliens are
raised in the cases which the Supreme Court wi I I consider at its
next term The He i k k i nen case raises anew the question of the
Attorney GeneraMs power to detain an alien Communist w.thout
bail during pendency of deportation proceedings. The Chew case
questions the power to exclude subversive aliens without hearing
on the basis of confidential information (hitherto sustained in
Knauf f V. Shauqhnessy , 33^ U.S. 537) when applied to a returning
resident The Me^eJ_ case involves the power to restrain from
entering the United States by continued detention at the port of
arrival if necessary such an excluded alien whom allegedly no
other country will accept. In addition to raising a question as
to judicial review of deportation orders under Section 10 of the
Administrative Procedure Act, the Mart i nez case involves the ade-
quacy of the evidence of the proscribed nature of the Communist
Party in a deportation proceeding under the Act of October 16,
19 18, as amended
- 9 -
Questions of expatriation also loomed large in the cases be-
fore the Supreme Court Among the cases passed upon by the court
during the last fiscal year, such questions were involved in the
Qk i mu ra, Mu rata , Kavyak i t a. Abo ,. Aok i . and K u n i y u k i cases Ex~
pat ri at ion is also in issue in the Mando I i . Woh I mut h and Reved i n
cases, which wi I i be before the court at its next term
Comparable issues, and many more, were before the Courts of
Appeal and District Courts in Service litigation during the past
fiscal year A reference to some of the reported opinions, which
are listed in the Appendix, should give a clear idea of the grow
I ng volume of litigated cases affecting the Service
One of the effective deterrents to smuggling and kindred
offenses is successful criminal prosecution. Prosecutions are
generally Instituted by compiaint filed with the United States
Commissioner, by indictment, or presentment of a grand jury, or
by information filed by the United States Attorney
During the fiscal year ended June 30, '952,- prosecutions
were instituted in 14; 164 cases involving .mmigrat.on matters
and 557 cases nvolving nationality matters. Such prosecutions
resulted in a totai of :3,809 court convictions during the year,
with an aggregate imprisonment of 3 284 years and fines aggre-
gating $96,677
Ninety-one percent of the total convctions last year were
made under Sections 1 and 2 of the Act of March 4, 1929, for
illegal ent ry= Convictions resulted In 495 cases for vio.ation
of nationality matters, chiefiy under Section 9 1 of Title .8
United States Code, for false representation as a citizen of the
United States, There were 2,294 smuggled a i t ens involved in these
cases. Most of the convictions were under Section 8 of the Act
of February 5, ^9!7, as amended by Pub i ic Law 283 of March 20, :952
There were presented to United States Attorneys for pro-
secution under the internal Security Act the cases of7 6 a.iens
ordered deported who wiifuiiy refused or faiied to show di. gent
effort to depart within six months after notice This number in-
cluded 68 criminal, narcotic and immoral cases and e,ght subversive
cases. Aliens involved in these cases are of the most undesirable
type, and every effort is made to see that these cases are presented
for prosecution as promptly as possible after the expiration of the
s I X month pe r : od
- iO -
The chart which fallows shows a sharp rise In the number of
convictions In the past fiscal years:
CONVICTIONS m CO*JftT$ FOR VK3LATINS IMMiSaATION AND NAT!ONAL!TV LAWS
VEARS ENDED WWE 50, !9SS - r9S£
i»a/»seH
BSjO'JU
ao,ci:!0
—
! 9,000
■^
/
10,000
r^^
,,-^
^
/I
— --
~~ r — ■ .■■-,
1
1
"'"'^^'-
-"^^--1
r<'
:"^
193*
1940
l»4S
(950
196a
Writs of Habeas jCorpus.-^'^ihe institution of habeas, corpus-
actions as a means of defftyTTTg deportation presents a continuing
problem to the Service, Writs of habeas corpus may be granted In
the Federal Courts to determine the legality of the detention of
aliens In the custody of Immigration officers. In the fiscal
year 1952, 62 writs of habeas corpus involving exclusion and 337
writs involving deportation were served by the United States
Marshals upon Immigration officers for release of aliens in their
custody. A total of 386 cases were acted upon by the Federal
Courts, 67 cases Involving exclusion and 319 involving deportation,
in 30 of the cases, the courts sustained the writ and ordered dis-
charge of the persons from the custody of the Service, The writs
of habeas corpus were dismissed In 253 cases and in 103 cases the
applications for writs of habeas corpus were withdrawn.
CHAPTER
Immigration
AND
Emigration
Year by year the problems of inspection at our land and sea-
ports become more involved, and the job of our immigrant inspectors
becomes one requiring almost super-human qualities of wisdom and
judgment. in the first place, much of the direction of Communist
movements is in the hands of aliens, therefore, great care must be
exercised to. see that no alien enters the United States whose pre^
sence could be inimical to the interests of the democratic principles
of this country. On the other hand, to best serve a democracy, the
immigration laws must be administered so that no person who meets
the legal requirements to entry is denied such entry. Secondly, in-
spections must be conducted in such a manner as to foster good inter-
national fellowship with our neighboring and overseas countries.
Again, care must be exercised in the admission of visitors, because,
despite the fact that the great majority of students, visitors, and
other temporarily admitted aliens depart at the expiration of their
authorized stay, those who do remain create enforcement problems.
The cases of many overstayed persons come to light when the alien
himself reports and simultaneously applies for suspension of deporta-
tion following marriage to an American citizen. And, finally, the
importance of individual inspection must not be overshadowed by the
sheer volume of inspections confronting a small force of inspectors.
After immigrant inspectors have examined aliens seeking admis-
sion, those refused admission have, in most instances, theright of
appeal .
By regulations published in the Federal Register on May 24,
1952, effective the same day, jurisdiction over cases formerly
appealable to the Commissioner, with a further right of appeal to
the Board of immigration Appeals by an aggrieved party, was con-
ferred exclusively to the Board of Immigration Appeals. The saving
6f time in arriving at a final determination of a case by the elimi-
nation of double appeals was expected to redound to the benefit of
the government and the subject of the proceedings. In the short time
- 12 -
durinq which the procedure has been in effect, this expectat.on has
been rea I i zed
Another benefit of this procedure was to free much needed person-^
nel from the burden of individual case review and enabled them to de-
vote time and attention to the pressing, but previously neglected
policy and management problems These include the dissemination of
information on pol icies and trends as indicated by the Board of immi-
gration Appeals decisions, and the general supervision of .nspections
p rocedures toinsure uniformity inthe application of imm,gration I aws
During the past year, two changes of particular Interest .n the
field of inspections took place Our headquarters in Europe .n con-
nection with the Displaced Persons Act were closed, and our difficult
and complex share in the processing of over three hundred thousand
displaced persons i n a mass mi g rat i on to the united States was finished
On June 16, 1952. following a survey of three months by Service person
nel, an office was established in Agana. Guam, and the enforcement of
the immigration lawsof the United States, former:y the responsibility
of the Navy and interior Departments, came under the jurisdiction of
the Immigration and Naturalization Service
Since the end of Wo rid War li. the number of entries of aliens
and citizens into the United States goes up and up in the millions.
More than doubling the World War 11 figure, t he vo 1 ume du ri ng the past
year has for the first time passed the iOO million mark to reach 107
million. As may be seen from the tabie that follows, the greatest
increase was in Canadian and Mexican i and border traffic.
Aliens and Citizens arrived and examined at
U. S Ports of Entry during years
ended June 50. 195 1 and 1952
Year ended June 30 '952
Tota i
A 1 ens
C it i zens
'07 084.527
52 852 677
54 23 850
:03 7:2 099
51- :29 42
52.582.957
Total
Arrived at
Can ad i an
Mex I can
Crewmen ,
Arrived at
land borders
seaports
Total, , .
Arrived at land borders
Canad i an ,,...,,.„ .
Mex i can . . , „ ,. .. „ o . .
C rewmen
Arrived at seaports
44,212.088 20,898,541
23 3 13,
547
59,500,0 1 1 30,230 60!
29,269.
410
1,939, 4 18 1,087,633
85 L
785
1,433.0 10 635 902
7 97
108
Year ended June 30
■95i
95,396 5:9
46 ;02 008
49 294 51 .
92 400 356
44 620 0 0
47 780 346
4 i
, 34 ;
4i0
:8 680 987
22 660 423
5i
058.
946
25 939.023
25, 1 19,923
1
,7 :3.-
,938
949 535
764,463
1
,282.
165,
532 463
749.702
Travel across the Mexican Border has been in recent years from
25 to 35 percent higher than traffic over the Canadian Border Cana-
dian traffic has increased^, however, seven percent since last year,
the major increase being in alien land border traffic.
- 13 -
It Is anticipated that Canadian border traffic will continue to
increase in view of the beginning of a large industrial and national
resources expansion period in Canada and the building of new roads.
Some of the new industries will soon be in operation adjacent to the
international border and will attract many of the European aliens who
have recently arrived in Canada. These workers will, no doubt, want
to visit the United States. The increase in traffic has presented
greater problems in inspection and enforcement.
ENTRIES OVE^ CANADIAN AND MEXICAN LAND BORQERS
YEARS ENOEu JUNC 30, I94i - 1952
NUMBER.
150,000,000-
125,000,000 -
lOO.OOO.OOO
75,000,000 -
SO.QOO.OOO-
'25,000,000
TOTAL (ALIEN ANO CITiZEN) BORDER CfiOSSERS
1944
1950
1992
Crewmen
The authority given the Immigration and Naturalization
Service, by Section 20 of the Immigration Act of 1924, to examine
alien crewmen was further confirmed on March 17, 1952, by the United
States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in the case of LK S.
Lines v. Shauqhnessy. ( 195 F. 2d 385). The court dismissed the com-
plaint filed in an action in which the transportation line sought
a ji'dgment declaring that alien seamen signed on in the united States
for round trip voyages were not subject to inspection on returnto
United States ports and could not be detained on board vessels on
which they arrived.
During the fiscal year 1952, 62, 179 vesse I s and 97,886 airplanes
were inspected on arrival. The number of airplane inspections has
more than doubled since the end of World War II. The 1,939,418 in-
spections of crewmen on arrival in the past year represent a 13 per-
cent increase since 1951, and include 1,087,633 aliens and 851,785
citizens. The excluding provisions of the internal Security Act, of
course, applied to crewmen as well as to other aliens. Temporary
admission under the Ninth Proviso was authorized in the cases of 57 1
- 14 -
alien crewmen whose membership in proscribed organizations was found,
after investigation, to have been involuntary.
Records indicate that 3,021 alien crewmen deserted from vessels
at American seaports. Four hundred sixty-eight were Italian, 450
British, 308 Norwegian, 207 Greek, 20 1 Netherlandish, 193 Chinese,
and 182 Spanish.
IM^fllGRATI0N TO THE UNITED STATES
YEARS ENPFD JUNE 30, 1820 - 1952
THOUSANDS
l,400(
TOTAL ( NUMBER OF
EUROPE (SOUTHERN
EUROPE (NORTHERN
" llll|IIU|ll^l|
rezo '40
I mmi grants
Immigration, an important source of population growth prior to
1930, is affected to a large extent by political, social, and eco-
nomic events both in this country and abroad. In the 30's and
early 40's restrictive legislation, depression, and World-War II re-
duced immigration to an insignificant factor. However, the arrival
of war brides and displaced persons under special legislation has re-
versed this trend during the years since World War II. In this fiscal
year, the number of aliens admitted for legal permanent residence rose
to 265,520, which represents the highest figure since 1929. The rise
was due chiefly to the admission of 42,786 ethnic Germans under Sec-
tion 12 of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended, as well as
a 45 percent increase in nonquota immigration.
Displaced Persons. — The major provisions of the Di spl aced Persons
Program, which reached its peak in the fiscal year 1950, expired in
December 1951, and the program was nearly completed at the close of
the fiscal year. The chief objectives of the law may be said to have
been accomplished, since out of a maximum number of 400,744 visas
authorized under the law, a total of 393,542 visas were used. In the
next few months an additional 1,300 ethnic Germans may be admitted
- 15 -
since the maximum number of 54,744 ethnic Gentian visas were issued by
June 30, 1952, and 53,448 were actually admitted by that time.
during the past fiscal year 79, I7fi d isplaced persons, including
1,963 adopted and other orphans, were admitted to this country, which
brought the total number of displaced persons admissions under the Act
(exclusive of ethnic Germans) to 340,094. In addition, the cases of
3,308 displaced persons inthe United States had been submitted to Con-
gress for adjustment of their immigration status under t he p^r&vi sioi\s
of Section 4 of the Displaced Persons /^ct.
IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES - BY COUNTRY OF BIRTH
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1925 - 1952
THOUSANDS
400
300
2001
T-| — j—r
I I I { I I I I
IMMIGRATION TO THE
UNITED STATES FOR YEAR
Thou.ord. ^"0" Jun. 30. 1952
"rn — r-r
1950 -1952
The maximuir number of visas authorized and the number of immi-
grants admitted are shown in the following table.
4 000 1/
3 3i2
a 000 J./
10 485
0,000 J
8 979
5 52 i
53 460
- 16 -
Maximum visas authorized and immigrant aliens admitted
to the United States, by ciasses under Displaced
Persons Act of 1948, as amended.
June 25, 1948 - June 30. 1952
Maximum number Totai number
Class of admission of visas admitted thru
author! zed June 30 1952
Totai all Ciasses...,,.: ....,.,. _393 542
Section 2 displaced persons,.,. ,,., 3 I 1 785
Displaced persons ,.,... 34 ',000 306,7692/
Recent political ref ugees, , = . . . . . . 500 J./ 162
Di spi aced orphans . . „ , . » . 5 000 U 1 ,950
Adopted orphans ..... 5.000 1.087
Venezi a Gu i I i a d i sp i aced persons. „ 2, O.QQ J./ 1,817
Section 3 displaced persons, ....... 28 297
Displaced persons from China...,,.
Polish veterans in Great Britain
Greek D, P s and pref erent i a I s. ,
Displaced persons outside of
Germany Austria, or Italy ,
Sect i on 12 persons , . . , . ,.
Ethn.c Germans 54 744 53,448
Adopted ,ch i i d ren ^ 1 2
\_l This number of visas is authorized within ihe total numerical
limitation of 341,000 Visas not issued to this special group
may be issued to the general group of displaced persons
2/ Includes 538 Czech refugees.
Three-quarters of ail the displaced persons admitted were born
in five countries; Poland, Germany, Latvia, the US S R.,, and Yugo-
s i av i a„
Immigrant aliens admitted to the United States under
the Displaced Persons Act of 1948,, as amended.
by country of birth: June 25 '948 June 30 1952
Total number
Country of birth admitted thru Displaced Ethnic
^ June 50, 1952 persons Germans 1/
A i I count r I es ...........
Po I and , .......
Ge rmany .......................
Latv I a ...........'.........,. .
USSR, . , .
Yugoslavia.. ...........
L i thuan i a, , . ,.,,.,......
Hungary
Czechoslovakia,. ....... .......
Ruman i a ................
Eston la
Greece .......
Other countines ........ 17,614 :4. 676 2,938
1/ Includes wives and children
393,542
340,094
53 , 448
13 1, 222
'24 866
6,356
60 , 52 1
50,536
9 985
35 645
35 ON
634
34, 183
29 909
4 27 4
32,78^
16,913
15,876
24, 504
23,034
1 , 470
15,795
\2 306
3,489
1 0 , 97 5
8 :44
2 83
10 285
4,955
5,330
10, 158
9.895
263
9 851
9 849
2
Most of the 79, i78 displaced persons came inunderthe occupational ■
preference w Ithi n the quotas This preference gave advantage to 78 per-
cent of the quota displaced persons in 1952. In 1951, 88 percent had
f i rst preference.
Years ended June 30.
1952 1951
Total
Quota
First preference quota . o ............... .
(Persons who are farm, household, con-
struction, clothing and garment workers,
and others with special training and
professional qualifications, and their
w i ves and ch i i d ren )
Second preference quota .................
(Biood relatives of citizens or resi-
dent aliens of the United States, and
their wives and children)
79. 178
77,. 196
60.034
96.5 15
95-920
84, !36
340
Non-preference quota
Sect on 2 , ,
Sect I on 3, ......
Nonquota _ ,. .
Displaced orphans,...
Other nonquota ......
44
250
17, 103
1 1, 194
1.982
591?
1,963
57 1
!9
24
The effect of the provisions of the Displaced Persons Act, which
authorized the mortgaging of 25 percent of the respective quotas for
the fiscal years 1951 to 1954, and 50 percent of the quotas for the
years thereafter, will be felt far into the future. immigration will
be curtailed for many years from a number of Southern and Eastern
European countries, such as Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, with small
quotas which have been heavi ly mortgaged.
- 18 -
QWOTA mil(W6RANTS ADMIT TED
YEARS eWEO WHS. k>, I92S - 1SS2
IT I' 1 1 "1 "I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
NUMSER
200,000
050
1950 - 52
Other quota immigrants. — The following table shows that the ad-
mission of ethnic Germans const ituted the princi pal factor in the rise
in quota immigration. The number 6f d isp I aced persons declined 20 per-
cent since last year:
Quota immigrants admitted
Years ended June 50. 195 1 and 1952
■9^2
Tota I 194.247
First preference quota
Relatives of citizens 5,335
Skilled agriculturists 649
Second preference quota
Wives and children of resident aliens 4,447
Nonpreference quota 106.620
Et hn i c Ge rmans 42, 786
Other nonpreference quota 63,834
Displaced persons admitted under the
Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as
amended 77, 196
1951
1^6
547
5
002
445
4.
029
51
151
2
49
040
1 1 1
95,920
The annual established quota for 1952 was 154, 277 . Neverthe less,
under the mortgaging provisions of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948,
- 19 -
as amended, quota immigration reached 194,247. With the exception of
Germany, Northern and Western European quota immigrat I on has been I ittle
affected by the Displaced Persons Program. Indicative of the continued
drawing power of the United States as an immigrant receiving country
is the fact that Denmarl<, France, Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
and Norway have practically filled their quotas. Great Britain and
Northern I re I and used less than one-third of its quota and Ireland used
only 21 percent. Finland and Portugal, which were not affected bythe
Displaced Persons Program, filled seven-eights of their respective
quotas.
Most of the Southern and Eastern quotas were oversubscribed due
to the admission of displaced persons and ethnic Germans. The quota
of Spain was oversubscribed last year because of the admission of 115
sheep herders, under the Act of June 30, 1950, which provided for the
relief of the sheep-rais i ng industry by making 250 special quota visas
available for certain sheep herders for one year. This law was ex-
tended for another year, by the Act of April 9, 1952 ( Publ ic Law 507 ) .
Nonquota immigrants. — When Congress limited immigration by means
of quotas, it also provided for certain c ! asses of al i ens who could be
admitted without regard to quotas. The nonquota immigrants may be
roughly divided into three groups — (I) geographic — natives of the
independent countries of the Western Hemisphere; (2) professional —
m in isters and teachers; and (3) wi ves,chi Idren, and, in some i nstances,
husbands of United States citizens.
IMMIGRANT ALJCNS AOMITTEO
VEARS ENDED JUNE JO, 1940-1352
NUMDCR
200,000
1 50,000
lOQ.OOO
50,000
NONaUOTtt iMM)6RANTS
QUOTA IMMIGRANTS
1940 1946 t944 t94e 1948 I9SO 1332
- 20 -
Nonquota immigration rose 45 percent last fiscal year largely
because of the greater number of wives of citizens and natives of non-
quota countries admitted.
A comparison of the classes of nonquota immigrant admissions for
the past two years is shown below:
Nonquota immigrants admitted in
Years ended June 30. 1951 and 1952
1252 i2M
Total nonquota immigrants 7 1 . 275 49. 170
Natives of nonquota countries and their
wives and children. 48,408 35,274
Husbands, wives, children of citizens 19,315 11,462
Ministers, their wives and children 580 733
Professors, their wives and children 297 457
Other nonquota immigrants 2,673 1,244
W^'-
NONQUOTA IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED - BY CLASSES
«*T|V€» Of WMMU074 COUHTRIE3,
THEi« Wives, A«C Mt«OB CWLOflSN
TN0Ui«l»3
ri I I I I I I I I ' I ' I ' ' '
WIVES, HUSSANCS.AHO MINOR CHILOREM
Of UWiTtO SrATES ClTtZEWS
vt*»is t*aza Mttt so. tm - nn
♦Of'T t 1
WHISTCItS, THEIR WIVES aso CWtDReN
1Km% EROCO .'UR? Kl, I9» - !•»«
RBOPESSORS THEIR WIVES ABO CRtt-WEil
TEARS CROEO JURE 90. IMft - l*K
iWA IRRO t»4» IfRO-U
The number of wives of citizens admitted almost doubled. It is
of interest that over three-fifths of the wives of citizens admitted
in the fiscal year 1952 came from three countries occupied by United
States troops: Germany, Italy and Japan. Most of the 4,220 wives of
1952
I9'?l
1950
1949 1948
1947
208
148
241
9 14 1.843
7, I6C
3,768
2,042
3,798
iO. 130 3,638
701
1,799
1,534
2, 168
3,081 6,385
5,7 1 1
- 2! -
citizens from japan were admitted under special legislation which was
passed to permit the admission of war brides racially ineligible for
admi ss i on
Number of wives of citizens
Count ry of b i rth
Great Britain and
Northe rn i re I and
Germany .......
Italy. ........
China......... 959 826 1,062 2,1433,192 902
japan.... ......... 4,220 125 9 445 298 14
Australia & New Zealand..... 157 159 184 286 852 2,225
Nonquota immigration from Western Hemisphere countries rose 36
percent since last year and was the highest since 1930 Pr.'nc'rpai
countries of origin were Canada, with 58 percent, and Mexico with 20
percent
Non immi grants
Nonimmigrants are aliens who enter the United States for tem-
porary periods or resident aliens returning from a temporary stay
abroad The figures below do not include such special groups as
agricultural laborers, border crossers, and crewmen.
Nonimmigrants admitted
Years ended June 30, 1950-1952
1952 1951 1950
Total nonimmigrants admitted.
Government off ic i a 1 s. ................. .
Members of international organizations.
Temporary visitors for business........
Temporary visitors for pleasure........
I n t rans it . ..... ...............
Returning residents. ...................
Students
Treaty t rade rs.
Other noni mm 1 grants.,
516,
,082
465. 106
426.837
22.
267
20,88 1
13.975
5.
. 137
5,526
5,010
86,
,745
83,995
67 . 984
269,
,606
230 2 10
219,810
77,
899
72,027
68,640
44,
,980
44, 2 1 2
40,903
8,
6!3
7,355
9,744
79 1
850
766
44
50
5
For the past six years nonimmigrant arrivals have exceeded, in
each year, such arrivals in any single year since the first records
of 1908. The il percent rise inthe fiscal year 1952 reflected chiefly
increases in temporary visitors, transits, and foreign government
officials.
- 22 -
The principal countries from which non i Rim i grants came are shown
be low:
Number of nonimmigrants
Country or regions of birth
Al ! countries.
Canada. ,
West Indies
England, Scotland, and Wales.
South America , .
Mexico
Asia
France
Ge rmany
Central America
Netherlands
Spa! n ,
Italy.....
Other countries
1952
1951
516.082
465. 106
87.623
78,58 1
82,855
79,613
66,730
59, 1 19
4 1 , 385
39,317
32, 120
28,060
27 , 404
22,845
18,427
16,419
17,268
12,670
13, 189
1 1 , 462
11,212
10,307
10,382
9,602
10,042
9,764
97 , 445
87,347
NONIMMIGRANT ALIENS ADMITTED TO THE UNITED STATES
YEARS ENDED JONE 30, 1931 - i952
600,000
400,000
300,000
100,000
ill 1 t 1 i Ml! ! 1! 1 1 1
NONIMMIGRANT AUt£NS AOMITTEO
X
y
/
VISITORS AOMlTTtD
h
•
X
^
I
'
"■
7 ,
t
/^
1
/
1
\
^
r-
■^
\
K
A
/
^
-~.
■--
'-'
---
-•'
"
'"
"
"■s.^
■s.
1931
1935
1940
1945
I960 - 1992
Government officals. — WIththe exception of thefiscal year 1944,
the 22,267 government officials admitted inthe fiscal year 1952 repre-
sents the highest figure since the passage of the Immigration Act of
1924. The number of European government officials declined slightly
since last year, and the number from Asia and Mexico nearly doubled.
- 23 -
V I s itors. — A thirteen percent rise in the number of temporary
V I si tors wast he most important factor in the larger number of nonimmi-
grants during the past year. Possibly the reduced tourist rate for
European air travel was a cont ri but i ng factor in increasing the number
of visitors. Pleasure travel from Great Britain, France, Germany,
Poland, and Spain increased 23 percent since last year. Canadian
tourist travel was larger by 18 percent and Mexican travel rose 25
percent .
As of June 30, 1952, there were 104,198 visitors in the United
States; 39,050 inthe New York District; 15,191 in the Miami District;
12,287 in the San Antonio District, with smaller numbers in other
d ist r icts.
Students. — The number of student admissions increased by 1,258
during the past year, chiefly from Asia, Mexico, and the West Indies,
and South America. On June 30, 1952, there were 25,705 students in
the United States.
Students in the United States by District
on June 30. 1951 and 1952
District 1952 1951
Total 25.705 24.859
St. Albans, Vt 108 123
Boston, Mass 2,178 2,059
New-York, N. Y 4,368 4,235
Philadelphia, Pa 1,245 1,292
Baltimore, Md 1,554 1,563
Miami, Fla 1,763 1,668
Buffalo, N. Y 929 990
Detroit, Mich 3,016 2,501
Chicago, 111 2,466 2,405
Kansas City, Mo 2,153 2,2 19
Seattle, Wash 1,023 1,093
San Francisco, Calif . 2,128 2,275
San Antonio, Tex 680 356
El Paso, Tex 586 626
Los Angeles, Calif 1,422 1,390
Honolulu, T. H 86 64
Exercise .of the Ninth Proviso
Aliens, except Agricultural Laborers. — Under the terms of the
Ninth Proviso to Section 3 of the Immigration Act of 1917, the
Attorney General is permitted in his discretion to admit, for tem-
porary periods, certain persons who otherwise are inadmissible to
the United States.
2,208
2,036
172
4 1 , 493
15,904
15,733
17 1
47 , 87 1
1,068
886
182
11.916
933
784
149
2 1., i 46
628
55 1
77
6,009
- 24 -
AppI ications for exercise of Ninth Proviso J./
Years ended June 30, 1948 - 1952
Number Pi spos it i on Number of
Year ended of Admission Admission persons
June 30, applications authorized den i ed i nvo I ved
Total .............. _ 20,74J 19.990 75j 128.435
1952. ..............
195 1.. ........... ..
1950. ..............
1949. ..............
1948. ..............
U Exclusive of Mexican agricultural laborers
As shown in the table above, in the fiscal year 1952, the
number of applications for exercise of the Ninth proviso dropped
to 2,208 from a total of 15,904 in 1951 In 1951, many aliens
whose membership in Communist or totalitarian organizations was
purely nominal, were found excludable under the Internal Security
Act and later admitted temporari ly under the Ninth ProvisO: In-
cluded in the 1951 figures were 12,778 alien seamen and many aliens
applying for permanent residence who were temporarily admitted
under the Ninth Proviso pending clarification of their status under
the Internal Security Act. When Pub lie Law 14 clarified the mean-
ing of "membership", it was found that in most cases, membership of
the alien seamen in subversive or totalitarian groups was either
when the seaman was under 16 years of age, or involuntary by opera-
tion of law, or for purposes of obtaining employment. These sea-
men were found admissible under the provisions of Pub I i c Law i 4
and it was unnecessary to exercise the Ninth Proviso in such cases.
The appi icants sought the exercise of the Ninth Proviso in
I, 129 cases as temporary visitors for business or pleasure, to re-
ceive medical treatment, to visit relatives, attend school or
conventions, or as contract laborers. Applications were received
in the past year to import, or for extension of authority to import
39,731 contract laborers. In 82 cases the applications were for
border crossing privileges; i n 43 cases for transits, in 586 cases for
seamen and in 368 cases for extension of temporary stay to continue
medical treatment, extension of border crossing privi leges, etc.
Agricultural laborers admitted under Public Law 78 and Ninth
i^ rov i so ■ — Included among those admitted through the exercise of
the Ninth Proviso were unskilled agricultural and industrial
laborers who would be subject to exclusion from the United States
as contract laborers. Before importation is authorized, a showing
is requi red that there is a need for the labor, that prevai i ing
wage rates in the areas of employment will be paid, and that
American labor will not be displaced by the aliens imported.
In the past fiscal year 1 1,430 agricultural laborers were
- 25 -
admitted under the N:nth Proviso from Canada, the Bahamas, Jamaica.
Barbados, Honduras Leeward Islands, Trinidad, and British Guiana,
and 345 iiiegai entrants were contracted Dur,ng the year, 8,945
of these laborers returned home, and the cases of 2, !80 were closed
for other reasons On june 50. 1952, there remained 13 584 of
these laborers st : m .n the United States
Until the passage of Pub I i c Law 78 . on July 1 2, 1951,
Mexican agricultural laborers were admitted under the Ninth Pro-
viso At the beginning of the fiscal year, there were 83 447
Mexican agricultural laborers in the United States and an
additional 4,467 were admitted in July under the Ninth Proviso
prior to passage of the law Public Law 78 set up a new pro-
gram for recruitment of agricultural workers from Mexico The
law provided for the establishment of reception centers at or
near places of entry and included provisions for transportation,
subsistence and othe'' details with respect to Mexican laborers in
accordance with the Mgrant Labor Agreement with Mexico of !95i
While the task of recru tment and management of the Mexican worker
program was piaced w th the Department of Labor, the responsibility
for entry and departure control underthe immgration i aws applying to
aii aliens remaned with the immigration and Naturalization Service
The recruitment of Mexican agricultural workers under Pub I i c
Law 78 was .nt ated toward the end of Juiy ■951, and took on momentum
dur ; ng the months of September and October when 47 582 and 57 270 labor-
ers, respectively, were admitted from Mex.co through the reception
centers. The importat : on of Mex i can i aborers d ropped during the winter
months andbegantop ck up aga.n .n May in June, .2 184 such laborers
were admitted through the recept i on centers During the entire fiscal
year, 2i9 074 Mex. can agr,cuitura; I abo rers were adm ■ tted to the United
States under Pub i ic Law 78 , nc I ud i ng ;84 560 admitted through recep-
tion centers 23,099 :aborers previously employed under the N . nth Pro-
viso and extended or recontracted under Pub t i c Law 78. and transfers
from other Districts The table below shows the total number of ad-
missions and Mex can laborers illegally in the United States who were
contracted in pursuance to the agreement with Mex i co of August ;, !949
Mexican agricultural laborers admitted
and contracted
Years ended June 30 1950-1952
i952
'95;
1950
Total number
Under N i nt h Pro.' i so
Admitted to the Un ted States
I I legal entrants contracted
4 467
223 54
- :5 742
6 052
4 467
1 15,742
t 16,052
2,, ' 16
3,626
9.8 3
96 239
Under Pud I ic Law 78
2 19 074
124
454
352
89
9 !6
20,
,954
4,
,286
b:
,722
1.
,46 1
1
,233
187
181
162
- 26 -
At the close of the fiscal year there was a total of \2A, A3A- agri-
cultural laborers in the United States- The countries from whence they
came were as foi lows.
Number in U S
Country of last permanent residence on June 30. 1952
Total . , o . o . . . -
Canada
..^ (admitted under PL 78
Mex i CO ,
(admitted under Ninth Proviso,
Bahamas
J amaica ...
Barbados
Leeward and Windward Islands
Tr i n I dad
Brit i sh Gu i ana
British Hond u ras . , , . . ....,,. . ■
Canadian woodsmen --The program of perm tting importation of
skilled Canadian woodsmen under bond to guarantee ma i ntenance of status
and departure was continued in effect during the year The processing
of these workers, especially woodsmen, throws a heavy burden on our
inspectors at the several control ports. There was a t , me when once
the workers were in the United States, they remained for the season
and required little work after the first entry was recorded m recent
years, however, it s not unusuai for hundreds of these workers to re-
turn to their homes and fam.i.es every weekend Since they are re-
quired to surrender their woodsmen cards upon departure much time and
labor is expended every time they come back nto the Un ted States
They generally travel in groups and it is not unusuai for two
hundred, or more, of these workers toappiy for reentry n one day
and the control ports are not staffed to hand I e t hat ki nd of work a i ong
with the regular run of traffic
Petitions for Immigration Visas and Reentry Perrfiits
Wh i I e in most in stances theappiications for admi ss ion to the -Un i ted
States ape hand I ed by the State Department, in two instances at least,
the initial applicationisinitiated through our Serv ice. For the past
two and one -half years the authority to pass on these app I i cat i ons has
been delegated to the District Director in the various districts.
Pet i t i ons for imm i q rat ion v i sas . - -The Immigration Act of 1924
provides that nonquota or pref.e rence-quota status may be granted to
certain near relatives of citizens of the United States In order to
obtain such status, the United States citizen must fiie with th s
Serviceapetitionforthe issuance of an immig rat lon visa iForm I-! 33)
accompanied by proof of his citizenship, h i s re 1 at i onsh i p to the bene-
ficiary, and other facts If, after examination, the petition is
approved, it is forwarded to the Department of State for transmittal
to the appropriate American Coos
stationed in Germany, Itaiv
of visa petitions filed
married In foreign count
alien wives. During ths yea: just
were received; of tliat number 25,7:_
784 were rejected, and 24 approvals wer
iLiuxea to the
: 1 y/ ra r A f f
rvned forces
arge number
: r + hey we re
or the! r
i it. petitions
ere aooroved.
Reentry permits. — Section 10 of the Immigration Act of 1924
provides that resident aliens who have been lawfully admitted for
permanent residence who depart for a temporary visit abroad may ob-
tain reentry permits to facilitate their readmission to the United
States. The years since the end of the war have shown a steady in-
crease in the number to apply for documents with which to travel out-
side the United States. The travel toEurnoean countries in particular
has shown a large increase.
^RY FFH-i.aS IJ
NUMSER Of fi-
IZO.OCO -
iOO.OOO ■
«0,000
II ■■ 1 \ .
-'^v
j
I 1 ! \
/
1.
!
w
During the fiscal year of 1952 a ' 66,243 applications
for these reentry permits were rece i > this nu-mber 65,695
were approved and issued, and at th .he year 2,034 applica-
tions were pending. Almost half the reentry permits were issued in
New Yori<.
Extensions of reent
1952 as compared with 13,:
applications for extensic
c lose of the year, 552a
re granted in 13,208 cases in
■i previous fiscal year. Sixty
nied. There were pending at the
P reentry permits.
- 28 -
Emigrants and Nonemiqrants
Emigrants, — Emigrants are, by definition, aliens who depart from
the United States after residence of a year or more in the United
States, with the intention of remaining abroad It will be seen
from this definition that emigrant, therefore, is not the opposite
of immigrant in all cases, sincesome aliens admitted as nonimmigrants
on arrival may depart after a yearormore and be classed as emigrants.
The number of em, grants declined to 2 1 880 in the fiscal year
1952, from 26, 174 in the previous year The principal countries to
which they went are shown in the following table
Number of em. grants departed by country of
intended future res dence
Y ear end e d June 50 9 B2
Count ry
Number
CoUnt ry
Number
of
of
of
of
future residence
em 1 q rants
future residence
em grants
Totals .,....,,
21„880
As i a , , , ,
China
2.441
223
Europe. » . „ . . ,
9.69 1
nd I a
Isrea i , , . o o o . , . o . . , . =
210
Denmark^ .„...„
350
228
France ,.,.....
1 172
Japan .,.,.,,„,,...,
506
Germany .
: 028
Ph i i ^ pp i nes ,
52!
Greece ,
435
Other As i a . .
753
1 re 1 and
229
Italy,
i ,28!
North America
6,722
Nether 1 ands. . . . . ,
327
Canada, .„.,„„.,.. „o. ,.
2,760
Norway. , ., „
553
Mex 1 CO , , ..,..,..„„.„. o
988
Spai n
225
Vi/est 1 nd ies. „,,..., .
2 227
Sweden, ,.,..„,
334
Cent ral America
576
Swi tzer 1 and , . . , ,
34 '
Other North America
171
Un i ted K 1 ngdom
2.248
Other Europe
i , 168
South Amer ica, o o . , , . , o .
! . 984
Africa, „,,...
3 17
Australia & N Zea,and,.,
456
Other count ri es, . , „
269
Nonem i g rants
— Nonem . g rants
are temporary visitors
1 eav 1 ng the:
country after a stay of less than a year, or resident al lens whoare
leaving for a temporary visit abroad
During the year ended June 30,, 1952,487,617 nonemi grants departed
from the United States There were 49,972 a,ien res i dents whodeparted
for temporary residence abroad. Two treaty t raders had return permits.
The remainder, 437,643, entered as tour i sts, transits, gove mment of f i-
cials, and others who were leaving the United States after stays of a
few days to a years duration
CHAPTER 4
AoJUStMENT OF StaTUS
-;-■■■■■■*■■■
Immigration laws have become increasingly restrictive. Inevi-
tably, such laws on -occasion impose undue hardship on aliens. Parents
of citizens and other al iens with close ties in this country are
often the sufferers of such restrictions. To ameliorate these situa-
tions, there are certain provisions in the law and regulations.
Suspension of Deportation
Section I9(c> of the Immigration Act of 19 17, as amended, pro-
vides that the Attorney General may suspend the deportation of an alien
who is deportable under law other than one who is deportable en charges
relating to subversives, criminals, narcotics, immoral persons, and
the mentally and physically deficient, if the Attorney General finds
( I) that such deportation would result in a serious economi c detriment
to a citizen or legally resident alien who is the spouse, parent, or
minor child of the deportable alien, or (2) that such alien was resid-
ing continuously in the United States for seven years or more, andwas
residing in this country on July l_, 1948. In addition to the 194,247
quota immigrants admitted from abroad during the past fiscal year,
there were 1,780 aliens who became legal permanent residents through
suspension of deportation under the provisions of Section 19(c) ofthe
Immigration Act of 19 17, as amended, and for whom a quota charge was
made in the fiscal year 1952. Charges to the quotas of the following
countries were made for these aliens by the Department of State for the
year ended June 30, 1952:
- 30 -
Quota aliotments in suspension of
deportation cases J./
Year ended June 30 952
Country Number
Tot a i _._„.,....... . 1.780
Austral ia„ . . . . , ... 42
Austri a, ,,..,., , ...... 56
China ,.... = ,..,............ 58
Czechoslovakia . 47
Fin! and , . . _ 54
France , 46
Germany „ . '36
Great Britain. „ . 206
Greece. .,„.. ,.,....... o .... . 78
Italy. ,'.....,....,„. . . .. 123
Japan. , 50
Netherl ands, 84
Norway...................... 78
Poland. .................... .. 132
Portugal .... ,......, 78
Ruman i a. ................... . 67
Spain. ...•.......,...,.., . ■ 42
USSR.. 52
Other 35 1
J./ Source; Visa Division, Department
of State
Section iQ'cJ of the Immigration Act of '917, requires that the
pertinent facts in a! I cases in which the suspension of deportation
is proposed shall be reported to Congress with the reasons for such
action If dur.ng the session at wh ; c h a case is reported or in
the next following session Congress approves by concurrent resolu-
tion the granting of suspension to the alien, deportation proceedings
are thereafter cancelled and the alien is accorded the status of a
lawful permanent resident of the United States. if the Congress does
not pass such a resolution, the Attorney General is directed to de-
port the alien in the manner provided by law
During the fiscai year 1952, 7,300 suspension cases were sub-
mitted td Congress, Congress approved 2,899 cases during the fiscal
year.
D i sp I aced Pe rsons residing in the United States
Section 4 of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended, pro-
vides that 15.000 eligible displaced persons las defined in that Act)
temporarily residing in the United States may apply to the Attorney
General for adjustment of their immigration status to that of perma-
nent residents, provided that they are otherwise adm^ssibie to the
- 3 I -
United States and were lawfully adfnitted to the United States as
nonimmigrants under Section 3, or as students under Section 4(e)
of the Immigration Act of 1924- Final approval rests with Congress
under a procedure similar to that for suspension cases.
Those who file applications for adjustment of their immigra-
tion status are required to establish by c red i >) I e evidence that
they have been displaced as a result of events occurring subsequent
to the outbreak on September I, 1959, of World War II. They must
prove that they cannot return to their native countries, nor to
the countries of last residence or nationality, because of persecu-
tion or fear of persecution on account of race, religion, or politi-
cal op i n i ons.
By June 30, 1952, 11,610 applications had been received for ad-
justment of status under Section 4 of the Dis|)laced Persons Act of
'948, as amended There have been 3,308 cases Approved by the
Commissioner and submitted to Congress, and 1,230 cases approved by
Congress. Most of those who had their status adjusted had been ad-
mitted as students, visitors, or seamen.
The grounds for denial of adjustment of immigration status
under Section 4 in the fiscal year 1952, fall into the following
categories:
Total number. ........................ 405
Not unable to return to country of
birth, residence, or nationality;
no apparent persecution due to race,
religion, or political opinion........... 200
Cause for displacement did not arise
from events occasioned by and sub-
sequent to outbreak of World War II...... 12
Not a lawful entry under Section 3 or
Section 4(e) of the Immigration Act
of 1924................ 103
Inadmissible to the United States 49
Found haven in another country............. 32
Entered subsequent to April I, 1949 9
> Preexami nat ion
Preexami nat i on is a privilege accorded to certain aliens who are
in the United States in a status other than that for permanent resi-
dence. They wish to adjust their immigration status by goi ng to Canada
- 32 -
to apply to an American consul -n that country for an i mm i g rat i on visa
with which to appiy to the United States for permanent residence,.
If the application for p reexami nat i on Js approved,, the alien
is given a hearing to determine his adm;ssibility to the United
States The aiien must be admissible to Canada, of good moral
character, and have assurance from the Arerican consul in Canada
that an imm.gration visa can be 'Ssucd p rompt !y If the alien is
found to be et.gible for an , mm , g rat t on v.sa he is issued a pre-
examination border-cross.ng card to faciitate ent ry into Canada.
During the year. 904 new appi cat.ons tor preexam i nat i on were
submitted by ai^ens who were not subject to deportation proceedings;
i 855 applications for preexam i nat . on were approved^ 272 were denied,
and the authority for preexam i nat i on was revoked in the cases of 2
individuals in the preceding year, .945 new applications for pre-
exam i nat ion were received
Exercise of Seventh Proviso
Aliens returning after a temporar'y absence to an unrelinquished
domicile in the United States of seven consecutve years may b'e ad-
mitted by the Attorney General under the authority contained in the
7th Proviso to Section 3 of the immigration Act of '9i7. notwithstand-
ing a g round or grounds of Inadmissibility under the immig rat i on i aws.
iHowever, it s to be noted that the interna. Security Act of '950con-
tains a prohibition that the 7th Proviso shau have no application to
cases failing within the purview of Section i of the Act of October
16, 19 18, as amended )
The table which f o i i ows shows the number of applications for
consideration under the 7th Proviso final y disposed of dur.ng the
past five years and the manner of disposit on of such applications
Applications for exercise of Seventh Proviso
Years ended June 30 948- 952
Number Dispos.tion of applications
Years ended of Adm . ss i on Admiss on
June 50, applications authorized den i ed
Total I ,059 _2._£ 12;
(952
'195!
i950
1949
1 948 - _
145
130
15
140
121
,9
172
158
34
354
506
28
248
223
25
Most of the appiicationsforSeventh Prov iso reiief during thepast
fiscal ye^r arose i n deportat I on or p reexami nat i on proceedings of resi-
dent aliens who wouid have been excludable cr minais or mental or
physical defectives, or illiterates Practical ly all of the 130 cases
- 33 -
in which favorable action was taken represented persons who, in addi-
tion to having the statutory requisite of seven years prior domicile
in the United States, had established family ties in this country and
had otherwise unblemished records for years past. Grounds waived in
order to authorize readmission were: 21 physical or mental defects,
87 criminals, 13 unable to read, and nine other excludable classes
Registry of aliens under Section 328(b) of the
Nationality Act of 1940.
To obtain a reentry permit, to be naturalized, and for various
other reasons, aliens need to have proof of lawful permanent entry in-
to the United States. After the alien's record of entry is verified,
a certificate of arrival or other appropriate document is issued by
this Serv ice.
An alien may make application to the Commi ss ionsr of Immigration
and Naturalization for the creation of a record of lawful entry where
no record exists of his admission for permanent residence To be
eligible to have a record of registry created, the alien must prove
that he is eligible for c i t i zensh i p, t hat he entered the United States
prior to July I. 1924, and has resided here continuously since, that
he is a person of good moral character, and that he is not subject
to deportatidn When registry is approved a record is created estab-
Mshing the aliens admission for permanent residence as of the date
of his entry. During the past year, 5 464 applications for registry
were received, and 4, 138 records of registry completed.
CHAPTER 5
DsPORTfeTlON. i
Detention and
>-
Border Patro|
s
The ever expanding problemsof internal security made a divi-
sion of functions and responsibility within the Service a logical
step toward greater security protection, and faster detention and
apprehension of aliens whose presence may be inimical to the best
interests of the country.
Thus the work was divided into two major divisions: i.e.,
Investigations Division, and Border Patrol, Detention and Deporta-
tion Division.
Deportations and Voluntary Departures
The final objective of al I enforcement work of the Service is
to rid the country of aliens who under the immigration and national-
ity laws have no legal right to be here, either because they came in
illegally, or having made a legal entrance, have failed to meet legal
requirements for remaining. To this end investigations are made, the
borders are patrolled, detention quarters are maintained and aliens,
who cannot be immediately deported, are placed on supervised parole.
Since the measure of achievement of enforcement is deportation and
voluntary departures, this chapter will report first on the accom-
plishments. This will be followed by the methods whereby they are
ach i eved .
Year by year since World War II, the volume of aliens deported
or required to depart has multiplied, largely because of the spread-
ing encroachment of Mexican illegal entrants into rural and indust-
rial areas in the United States. It is these illegal entrants who
swell the volume, particularly of voluntary departure's. |n the
fiscal year 1952, the total reached 723,959, an increase of five
percent over last year.
- 35 -
DEPORTATIONS AND VOLUNTARY DEPARTURES
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 1946 - 1952
1952
1951
1980
ALIENS
DEPORTED
□ ALIENS 0EPARTIN5 VOLUNTARILY
UNDER PROCEEDINGS
eo.iai
13,544
'03,778
6,628
1949 1
1 80,040
1948 1
r 20.S7I 1
liU ' '
1947 1
18,663
1
1946 1
?7£,<77
276,297
I
195.680
101,945
666,713
979,109
296.357
217,555
214, 545
116,320
200
400 600
TKOUBANpe
600
1,000
( I) Deportat ions. — Deportations effected — When a warrant of
deportation has been executed, aliens who depart either through de-
portation at the expense of the Government, or who depart at their
own expense are included in deportation statistics. Following the
World War II, deportations averaged about H8,000 until I950when the
number dropped to 6,628. In the fiscal year 1951, however, the
number more than doubled to reach 13,544, and during 1952 there was
a further increase to 20, 18 1.
In 1950 and 1951 formal deportations of Mexican aliens were
limited to those of the criminal and immoral classes or to those who
had previously been granted four voluntary departures. This largely
accounts for the small numbers of deportations effected.
Contrary to the procedure outlined above, the Service, in so far
as the limitations of funds and personnel permits, is now deporting
Mexican illegal entrants. This is because deportation is known to
be a better deterrent to a quick attempt at return than is voluntary
departure.
The following tables are indicative of the changed policies.
I t wi II be noted that there are increases in deportations to
practically all geographic areas, but most of the increase is to
Mexico. Note, too, that the cause for deportation that increased
most was "entered without proper documents." Of the 13,342 who
entered illegally, II, 042 were deported to Mex ico.
?6
Aliens deported from the United States by country
or region to which deported
Years ended June 50, 1949 - 1952
Count ry or reg i on
to wh i ch deported
I9?2
195 I
1950
1949
Al I count r i es.
Eu rope
Asi a. ............. ,,
Canada.
Mex i CO. ........... .
West I nd i es. ...... .
Cent ral America. . . .
South America. .....
Africa. ........... .
Other count ri es. . . .
20. 18 I 15.544 6.628 20.04C
5
549
1,537
AQO
ono
1
525
1, 100
2
783
8,928
1
350
1,07 1
205
163
352
269
60,
46
77
131
947
2PB
737
,319
722
144
160
47
264
985
865
,903
346
152
149
35
334
Aliens deporte"! frcn the United States by cause
Yee^rs enijed June 30, 1949 - 1952
Cause
1952
All causes................ 20, 181
Criminals 778
I mmora I c I asses. ................... . 50
Violators of narcotic laws 40
Mental or physical defectives....... 56
Previously excluded or deported..... 539
Remained longer than authorized..... 4,469
Entered without proper documents.... 9,636
Abandoned status of admission 475
Entered without inspection or by
false statements 3,706
Likely to become public charges..... 24
Subversive or anarchistic 31
Mi see i I an ecus. ..................... . 377
194''
15,544 6,628 20,040
1,056
790
1 . 02^-
<^n
55
T-S
62
55
70
45
55
82
940
555
5,815
3,289
1,66 1
1,379
5,322
1,552
998
298
224
329
2,295
1,754
i2,09A
14
58
20
18
6
L
160
109
149
The effect of the Internal Security Act is indicated in the
continued increase in the number under subversive charges who were
deported or who departed with warrants of deportation outstanding.
Eight of these subversive classes and 68 of the criminal, narcotic
or immoral classes, a total of 76 cases, were presented to United
States Attorneys for prosecution as having willfully refused or
fai led to show di I igent effort to depart within six months after
notification of the provisions of Sec. 20(c) of the Act of 1917,
as amended by the Internal Security Act.
- 37 -
(2) Voluntary Departures. — Of the total of 703,778 who were
permitted to depart, warrants of arrest were issued in 9,578 cases.
In many cases the usual hearings required for deportation were held,
the essential difference being that the decision was to grant the
privilege of departure in lieu of deportation prior to the issuance
of a warrant of deportation. In most of the cases however, where
warrants of arrest were issued, many man-hours of the hearings pro-
cedure were eliminated by the granting of the departure privilege
early in the proceedings.
In the other 694,200 cases In which warrants of arrest were
not issued, the procedure is to obtain a statement from the a! ien
showing illegal presence in the United States, and a request for
privilege of departure. This streamlined procedure, in use almost
exclusively on the Mexican Border, accomplished the expelling of
many more al iens than could have been effected under the formal
deportation procedure, but It was far from a solution of the pro-
blem of the i I legal entrants from Mexico.
(3) Outstanding Warrants of Deportation. — At the close of the
fiscal year, there were outstanding 8,505 unexecuted warrants of
deportation. Of these, 5, 183 had been outstanding six months or
less, and 5,322 had been outstanding more than six months, some for
years.
Tot a I number, ................................ . 8 , 505
Deferred for reconsideration or stay ................. . 493
Deferred account Int roduct ion private bills........... .357
Awaiting travel documents............................. 3,612
Awaiting transportation............................... 529
Serving sentence,
Travel document available........................... 673
Travel document not available....................... 149
In hospital or asylum:
Waiting travel document or transportation........... 279
Travel document obtainable, unable to travel........ Ml
Travel document not aval I ab I e. ..................... . 270
Travel document not available:
At large... 940
Whereabouts unknown................................. 741
Travel document obtainable, whereabouts unknown....... 351
AM but the first group of cases shown above are unexecuted
for reasons beyond Service control.
The continuing increase in the number of private bills is
shown in another section of this report. Those awaiting travel
documents or completion of transportation arrangements represent
both the normal lag between the issuance of final order and actual
deportation, and also, the increasing number of cases in which trans-
portation arrangements cannot be completed because of the war situa-
- 38 -
tion in the Far East. Other delays are occas,oned by the fact that
some aliens are destined to areas where transportation facilities for
deportees are scant. This difficulty can sometimes be surmounted by
t he assemb i i ng of groups and deporting by chartered p i ane when the
relative expense favors that operation, or by arranging for trans-
shipment enroute.
Changes in territorial j u r , sd i ct i on, st r ct expatriation laws,
and inability to establish birth as claimed or other evidence of
nationality, are the usual causes for Service inability to obtain
travel documents, and few reversals are anticipated of previOus
refusals to accept as deportees.
Of the 2, !0D cases in which the Service has been unable to
obtain travel documents, 270 are in hospitais or asylums, mostly at
State expense, and ! 49 aliens are serving sentences in penai inst^
tutions. Many of these aliens would be available for deportation
if documents could be obtained. Practically aii of these aliens
on discharge from the institutions are subject to the penalties of
the Internal Security Act if they wiiifuiiy fail or refuse to depart
Many of the 940 reported as at large are also subject to those same
penalties and a comparatively few are unabie to travel. The 74' re
ported as "whereabouts unknown'' have not been brought under the
supervision provisions of the internal Security Act
(4) Transportation of Deportees. -For overseas transportation,
the Service was able to deport 276 ai lens on the vessels of the
Military Sea Transport Service; 'I5 to Germany. 49 to Eng ' and, 58 to
Italy, 3' to the Philippines, and 23 to other countries Last year
the Office of Chief of Transportation issued 694 authorizations but
the Port Authorities supplied oniy the 276 spaces mentioned., Efforts
to overcome this situation are being made on pro rata share of opera-
tions cost on passenger--miies basis The total cost last year was
$22,640.53 - an average of $82 03 each, substantially less than by
commercial carrier.
The most noteworthy deportation by commercia vessels was in
May 1952 when '83 departed on a vessel for Naples These deportees
to the Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and Far Eastern countries were
transshipped at Naples to their destinations, 85 be ' ng sent by char
tered p i anes to Pakistan
Transportation to border ports for deportation continued by ai r •
coach when practicable, but the number moved by train and by Service
busses greatly exceeded this number. Emphasis is placed on the re-
duction of over-al I expense by the use of the most economical means
of transportation concomitant with the best use to be made of excort
personnel, and to decreased detention
«
The coordination of these parties somet,mes becomes qu : te in-
volved. For example, an alien at Seattle for deportation to M i am
is transferred to San Francisco for re-transfer to New York for"
- 39 -
re-transfer to Miami From Seattle he may travel with deportees on
their way to Mexico. From San Francisco he may be with deportees
who will leave Chicago for deportation through Detroit to Canada,
The New York-Miami transfer would be with deportees previously
assembled at Eilis | s i and from the Great Lakes and North Atlantic
Coast areas for deportation through Miami. This series of actions
must be timed to reach New York in time for a specified sailing date
and the reverse movements are also coordinated to the greatest extent
possible toassure themost economical ut i I izat ion of service personnel .
(5) Acceptance of Deportees by other Countries.--Under the Inte rnai
Security Act, deportation shall betothecountry specfiedbythe alien,
if that country w, i ' accept him. Those countries to which the aliens
hadnoprevious ties usually dec line to accept them as deportees. Since
January 1951, Canada has accepted but one of the 729 non -Canad i ans, and
Mexico has not accepted any of the 3$ persons of other than Mexican
nationality who specified Mexico,, in the past five months.
The number of cases continues to increase whifch are' referred
through the Department of State to home authorities for final deci-
sion because consular representatives in this country have refused to
issue travel docurhents. In 63 casfeS the- consuisrwere tnstrudted to
issue the documents, and :n 61 others their adverse decisions were
sustained. There were 597 such cases pending at the ciose of the fis-
cal year as compared to 43! at the close of the preceding year.
Border Patrol
The Border Patrol iS the police arm of the immigration and
Naturalization Service As such, it is the nation's only civil lan
uniformed armed border patrol Through the Border Patrol, the immi-
gration and Nat u ra , I zat : on Service provides our country its first
line of defense aganst i legal aliens, smugglers and other violators
along our land borders and coasts. The f o I lowing excerpt from the
Annual Report of the Commissioner General of immigration for the fis-
cal year ended June 30, 1927, described the Border Patrol of today
as it did then .
"The border patrol is a young man's organization;
it appeals strongiy to the lover of the big outdoors....
The business upon which t is engaged cal is for manhood,
stamina, versati.ty, and resourcefulness in the highest
degree. The pride of these men in their organization
Is equaled on y by the pride and esteem in which they are
held by common, ties in which they operate ,,,.. .
"Ex--service men predominate in the border patrol;
they must be and are physically fit; they are accustomed
to discipline, take readily to it, and like it; they are
charged w,th a serious responsibility and keenly realize
it in the vast majority of cases their work is a reli-
gion."
- 40 -
In the twenty-five years since these lines were written, the
vital character of the organization has not changed. The Border
Patrol each year is faced with appalling numbers of aliens illegally
in the United States who must be arrested and taken to points of exT
pulsion from our country. That the number of apprehensions each year
has been increasing by the tens and hundreds of thousands is evident
from the following chart.
DEPORTABLE ALIENS APPREHENDED BY BORDER PATROL OFFICERS
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1941 - 1952
NUMBER
«00,000
500,000
400,000
200,000
100,000
1941
1944
1947
1990
1992
For the fiscal year just ended, Border Patrol officers patrol-
led more than 11,000,000 mi I es, quest ioned 8,700,000 persons, examined
3,000,000 conveyances. These operations resulted in the apprehension
of 551,719 deportable aliens. Of th^se, 1,215 were aliens with
criminal records, and I, 122 were smugglers.
These vital statistics of the Border Patrol have further mean-
ing in relation to the past decade when it is realized that there
are 350 less men in the authorized force of the Border Patrol today
than there were in 1941. This larger force apprehended annually
only about 12,000 aliens, about two percent of the number arrested
and disposed of today. But great numbers of apprehensions are not
necessarily the best kind of law enforcement. Not enough aliens
are being arrested yet to serve as a deterrent. in addition, the
sheer volume of apprehensions may so submerge the Border Patrol
effort that others individually more dangerous to the security of
our country may be missed. Officers cannot give their full atten-
tion to the apprehension of dangerous aliens when they are promptly
enmeshed in the many problems invariably associated with the arrest
and transportation of hundreds of illegal aliens every time they go
upon the highways or crossing places. This is true even though
most of the aliens apprehended are not immediately dangerous.
( I) The Ai r I I ft ., — A vital part of the Border Patrol operation
consists in making ef f ect i ve the apprehensi on and expulsion of aliens.
It is futi le for our smai i Border Patrol force to apprehend al lens
unless there is a planned program for discouraging such aliens from
immediate i I legal return to the United States. To return i I legal
aliens repeatedly to Mexico, for example, at small border towns
hundreds of miles from their homes and lawful means for getting em-
ployment is like using a broom against the tide. If these people
are to escape actual hunger, they can see no alternative but to re-
turn unlawfully to the United States
The Border Patrol, therefore, has been compel led to seek a
method for expelling iMegai aliens which itself does not contain
tiie seeds of its own defeat. Surveys revealed that 75 percent of
the Mexican aliens apprehended in the Lower Rio Qrande Valley-of
Texas came from deep n the interior of Mexico, The answer there-
fore, approached wth the most careful calculations as to men and
money, was the airlift (reported in last year's Annual Report) of
aliens into the interior of Mexico at places near their homes The
airlift, then, as amethod for immigration I aw enforcement became
the means for syphoning away from the border area the tremendous
reservoir of illegally entered aliens who, if merely put across the
shai low Rio Grande or the western international boundary, return
again and again to engulf more deeply the meager Border Patrol force.
A total of 5 1,504 aiiens were so removed during the fiscal year.
Funds for the airlift for the fiscal year 1953 were notappro-^-
priated by Congress, so it was necessary that the airiift to Mexico
be discontinued during July 1952. This operation had had a yery
obvious beneficial effect upon the problem of i- legal ent ry from
Mexico, Its benefits were so apparent to the Government of Mexico
that,_upon learnng of the discontinuance of the airlift, that
Government agreed for the first time to provide mi I ita ry surveil-
lance in connection with movements by train of its nationals from
border points to the interior of Mexico following their apprehen-
sion after i i iega entry into the United States. Hence, the train-
i i f t may carry forward the proven values of the airlift.
(2) Smugglers Apprehended. — As a result of the high prices
oaid for smugging aiiens, hardened criminals have entered into
organized smuggling in a businesslike manner. The dangerous nature
of this traffic can be understood best by a brief description of
typical alien smuggling activities.
Along the Florida coasts, a typical smuggi ing case involves
European and Chinese aliens, brought from Cuba to the mainland by
airplane. Pilots in the United States will fly to the no rt hern
coast of Cuba. There are hundreds of well-hidden airfields or strips
in northern Cuba from which pilots pickuptheir human cargo, and land
in this country at any one of several abondoned fields. There con-
federates take over the responsibility for further travel, most often
- 42 -
SMUGGLERS OF ALIENS APPREHENDED BY BORDER PATROL OFFICERS
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1925 - 1952
i,400
1,200
1
!
.
1
BOO
600
400
y
i
y
/
/
(._
>4^
/
200
0
■^
J
Y
'1 _.
/
I92S
1950
lass
tSflO
1945
1980 - 1958
to points in the East or in the interior of the country, where they
can become submerged in large foreign language groups.
The smugglers usually collect their fee f rom re I at i ves or friends
of aliens at the final destination, or the alien, upon safe delivery,
sends a code telegram to the contact man in Cuba containing a code
word known only to the alien and a relative or friend. The contact
man, on the basis of the code word, collects his fee.
A spectacular case involving the use of aircraft to smuggle
aliens i nto the Un ited States came to a dramatic end during the latter
part of the fiscal year. It involved one Gregorio Simonovich.
Simonovich had been engaged in an air smuggling operation between
Havana and Florida for a number of years, smuggling mostly aliens
of European or Chinese nationality for fees ranging from $1,000 to
$2,500 per alien smuggled. An officer of the Service, operating
undercover, was successful in infiltrating the smuggling ring headed
by SimonQvich. Simonov ich was apprehended and indicted for conspiracy
to smuggle aliens into the Un ited States. He was convicted in February
1952 and sentenced to two years imprisonment. In May 1952 he pleaded
guilty to an additional charge of smuggling aliens into the United
States and recei ved a further sentence to 13 years imprisonment. This
put an end to the operations of an Tmportant smuggler of aliens.
White not so expensive, smuggling is much more widespread on
the Mexican Border. In a typical case, a contact man assembles the
aliens and collects one-half of the fee for travel to Kansas City,
Chicago or other interior points, the remainder to be paid upon
arrival. The aliens, brought to the United States through the
efforts of a second party, are delivered to a man who may appear
to operate a travel bureau or a taxi service. The balance of the
sum owed the smugglers is often mailed to a friend or relative at
the point of destination. The sums paid for transportation to
- 43-
Chicago from points along the Mexican Border range from $100 each
to $500 each, depending upon the size of the group and the method
of travel. Road blocks, bus checks, and good cooperation in Mexican
nabled the Border Patrol to make this smuggling
costly venture. Several hundred smugglers engaged in these oper
Border towns have en
tions are arrested each year, and the price for each alien has risen
to its present high level from $5.00 and $10.00 per alien only ten
years ago.
Along the Canadian Border 29 smugglers were apprehended last
year. In the East the persons smuggled across the Mexican Border are
often Europeans or persons of immoral classes. In the West they may
be either Europeans or Asiatics. Often the smuggler conducts the
alien to a point near the international boundary. There he is in-
structed to proceed to a near-by point in the United States where a
confederate will convey him further into the interior. The amount of
money paid here again depends upon the class of alien involved. The
risks are quite as great, and the methods by which the aliens protect
themselves and their money are not unlike that found in other local i-
t i es.
Smuggling at seaports usually involves stowaways, a description
of which operation is contained elsewhere in this report. A new
problem has arisen in the last few years, however, regarding the
shrimping fleet in the Gulf of Mexico, During the past year, the
shrimping fleet has worked very close to Mexican waters in fact,
the Mexican Navy has seized several vessels claiming they were
operating in Mexican waters. A spot check by the Border Patrol at
Port Isabel, Te.xas, for a thirty-day period in November 1951 re-
sulted in the apprehension of over 700 aliens working in the shrimp-
ing fleet from that one port alone.
(3) Aliens Apprehended. — This problem, in terms of volume, has
grown into fantastic proportions along the Mexican Border. While
510,716 of the illegal aliens apprehended were in the three Mexican
Border districts, it is no longer true that Mexican aliens stay in
localities close to the border. They have spread to almost Q'^&r^
section of the country. Their apprehension in the Seattle and
Chicago Districts especial ly, showed marked increases From
January 30, to March 14, 1952, a fifteen-man Border Patrol detail
to Chicago apprehended 1,229 aliens, almost all of whr- vvere Mexi-
cans. During the past year, 25, 036 il-gal Me;<ican aliens were
apprehended in trades, crafts, and indusuries. The dangers to the
American economy and to the standards of the American working man
are clear.
(4) Cooperation with and from other Of f i ce rs . --Du r i ng the
past fiscal year the Border Patrol apprehended 1,051 violators of
other than immigration laws. Seized contraband and vehicles were
valued at $323,7 18.
(5) Ai r Pat roi . — The Border Patrol has a fleet of twelve planes
used for patrolling, signcutting and general scouting duties. During
the past year, hundreds of aliens were apprehended by air operations.
- 44 -
Along the Florida coast, Border Patrol airplanes, guided by radio and
by information previously received, search for boats coming in with
smuggled aliens. They also are used for rapid contact to any one of
hundreds of airfields in Florida where information is received re-
garding smuggling activities. Along the Mexican Border, Border
Patrol airplanes are most often used for general scouting,. In re-
mote sections of the country, a prompt radio message from plane to a
rad 1 o-eqqipped ' jeep brings a team of patrol officers to arrest aliens
discovered by plane. In the Lower Rio Grande Vai ley of Texas,
several task groups of five patrol officers each, with a bus, a radio-
equipped car or a jeep, and a truck, wi I I meet to form a task force.
This force guided by airplanes may apprehend as many as ;,000 or
2,000 illegal aliens per day, This is a spectacular operation
which, in size and in accomplishment, has never before existed in
the field of civilian law enforcement in this country,,
(6) Pad i o. --"Rad i o equipment is vital to the success of Border
Patrol operations. Throughout the Borders, the headquarters of
Border Patrol sectors are I inked together and then Sach sector
headquarters is linked to its men through radio-equipped automo-
biles, jeeps, and airplanes,. During the past year, the entire
Mexican Border has been linked with FM, and now, throughout the Bor-
der, officers can communicate with their headquarters and with their
brother officers with te I ephone- I i ke efficiency
(7) Border Patrol Training School,.- The Border Patrol Train-
ing School staffed with experienced Border Pat ro i Officers has been
located at New Mexico A & M. Col lege, near Las Cruces, New Mexico
--less than forty miles from E! Paso, Texas., Here, through class-
room instruction drill and demonstrations, Border Patrol recruits
are taught immigration law, Spanish, their duties and authority as
patrol inspectors, marksmanship, self-defense methods, first aid,
and the methods of Border Pat ro i operations.
The assignment of trained officers to other branches of the
Service, fn addition to normal depletion of force, emphasized the
importance of effective, early, and rapid officer training The
Border Patrol offers an interesting and hazardous life,
While there were the usual number of encounters with lawless
men of the Border, only one officer was seriously injured in I ine of
duty. The Pat ro i Inspector in Charge at Eag i e Pass, Texas, was shot
and gravely wounded by a smuggler, but has now recovered
Detent ion
Stated in the simplest of terms, ai lens are detained by this
Service (1) because they have arrived seeking admission to the
United States, and their entry is denied or delayed because they
cannot or do not appear to meet the requi rements of immigration
laws for admission, and (2) because they have been apprehended in
the United States and are detained pending deportation or other
- 45 -
formal action For a number of reasons, th# number of aliens de-
tained was greater in 1952 than in 1951. The Internal Security
Act empowered the Attorney General to detain certain aliens pend-
ing a determination of deportabi I i ty . The operation of the airlift
meant that large numbers of aliens were collected in one place and
detained for short periods. The care with which suspected subver-
sive aliens had to be examined when they sought admission, and the
extensive research into the backgrounds of Chinese claiming United
States citizenship, all contributed to an increase in detentions
The fiscal year 1952 was marked by progress in e\/ery phaseof
the detention operation, notwithstanding the fact that therewas
sufficient personnel during a year for an increase of 62 percent in
the total number of aliens detained, and of 46 percent of the total
mandays of detention. The detention situation was under constant
review particularly at Ellis Island, San Francisco and along the
Mexican Border. When necessary, instructions were issued by the
Central Office to release under parole so-called "hanfchip" cases.
The result of such review Is indicated by the fact that the
average number of days detention per person was 8.5, slightly less
•than that of fiscal year ending 1951. Extraordinary efforts were re-
quired, particularly by supervisory personnel throughout the deten-
tion operation, to minimize security risks and keep the many compN-
cated processing procedures moving so that aliens would not remain
in custody any longer than necessary pending determination of de -
portability and would be deported as soon as practicable after an
order of deportation is entered.
( I ) Mandays of Detention and Aliens Detained. --The figures
which follow show that an increase of 46 percent in mandays of
detention has taken place since June 30, 1951:
Total
Service operated facilities
Non-,-Serv ice operated facilities
Mandays of detention
Years ended June 30.
1952
. 187.617
739,875
447,742
1951
8 1 3 ■ 427
446 ,911
366,5 16
The average number of days detention was slightly less than the
previous year, as shown in the following figures:
- 46 -
Aliens detained and average days detention
Years ended June 50. 1950-1952
Years ended:
Total
In Serv ice
operated
f ac i I it i es
In non-
Serv ice
operated
f acilities
1952:
No. of aliens detained 201,618
Average days detention 5.9
86,570
8.5
I 15,048
3.8
12^:
No. of aliens detained 124,187 48,627
Average days detention 6.6 9.2
75,560
4.8
1250:
No. of aliens detained 97,7 10
Average days detention 6.9
38,515
10.6
59, 195
4.4
MfiNOAYS OF
MANOfiYS
DETENTION IN SERVICE AND OTHER OPERATED FACILITIES
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1949 - 1952
'■^°°'°°° wm
SERVICE FA
OTHER FAC
CILITIES
1
—
LITtES
H
P
1
'W
■
400,000
dmm~j^
949 1950 I9SI 1952
The number of aliens who remain in detention beyond the average
length of time is wery small. Most prolonged detentions result from
( I) appeals and legal efforts on the part of the detainees to remain
In the United States following exclusion or the issuance of an order
of deportation, and (2) difficulties experienced by our Service in
the procurement of passports and travel documents to their native
countries. During the past year, the number of Chinese nationals in
detention has been reduced as a result of an Administrative Order
- 47 -
issued April 8, 1952, '0! '45 !/ which authorized the District
Director to parole Chinese aliens whenever in his discretion such
parole would not be prejudicial to the best interests of the United
States.
( 2 ) C u I i n a r y . --More than two miiiion mea;s were served at
Service operated fac; i ities during the fiscal year ended June 30,
!952, This represents an increase of some 850,000 meais over the
previous year. AM foods,tuffs are procured from depots maintained
by the Bureau of Federal Supply or under competitive bids from
wholesalers, whichever is more advantageous to the government.
Although many economies were achieved during the last year, per
capita food costsper day increased seven and one-half cents over
the previous year. The average cost per meal is now 22 cents, as
compared with .. 195 at the close of business June 30, !95L
The planning of low cost, we I : balanced, nutrit.ous meais con-
tinues to receive careful attention since it is recognized that food
is not only related to health, but ;t is an important factor in pro-
moting a generally cooperative attitude among the detainees.,
(3) Visiting Pr i v i I eqes --Two other phases of detention work
which contribute substantially to the contentment and morale of de-
tainees are visiting privileges and assistance in settling persona!
affairs prior to departure. Last year approximately 75,0,00 persons
visited aliens who were detained in Service operated facilities To
provide for efficient control of this activity, existing procedures
require that a request for a visit be initiated by the detainee
The request is screened by the Chief Security Officer and, if approved
a pass IS issued for a specific timeand mailed by the Service to the
person named in the request. Upon arrivai at the facility, the
visitor identifies himself and presents the pass When he leaves,
the pass is turned in and placed on file for reference,.
(4) Escorts away from Detention Fac i I i t ; es , - -A i i ai iens who
are deported are conveyed under guard to ports of deportation, how
ever prior to departure many of them must be assisted in matters
which require escort away from the facility. During the past year
there were more than 25,000 escorts, the majority of which concerned
the recovery of personal belongings, t he sett 1 ement of financial
affa.rs, collection of wages, the procurement of travel documents
and passports from consulates. in addition to the foregoing escorts,
which are specifically associated with deportation and departure
there were others which relate to the presentation of aiiens at
courts for prosecution; the transfer of aliens from one Service f ac . -
I ity to another for hospitalization and medicai attention, etc Aliens
under escort frequently belong to criminal, insane, immorai or subver-
sive groups, are often difficult to handle and represent a maximum
security risk.
(5' improved Detention Facilities. -With the larger numbers of
aiiens detained, the need for new or improved detention facilit.es
- 48 -
became ever more pressing. A number of new projects were undertaken
and some remodel I i ng was completed during the year.
Work was begun on a new detention faciiity at C hu I a Vista,
Ca I i f orn i a, located on the southeast perimeter of San Diego, seven
miles north of the Mexican Border, which will house from 200 to 400
persons. Upon completion of this station. Camp Gillespie at El Cajon,
a portion ofwhich this Service now rents from the county of San Diego,
will be closed All equipment and personnel will be transferred to
the new station. Eventually the Chula Vista station wiii be enlarged
to include the Border Patrol Sector in that area.
To meet the demand for more adequate housing accommodations the
Service detention quarters at El Centre, California, which has been
operated upon a standby basis since 1945, w: I 1 become a permanent
station in the near future. Extensive repairs are under way and
new equipment is being installed. This faciiity with a maximum
capacity of 500 will serve our own expanding needs It also will
allow the Service to cooperate to a greater extent with the U, S.
Marshal in connection with al iens who must be held as Government
witnesses for prosecution.
In June plans were completed and contracts iet for the con-
struction of a detention camp at Hidalgo, Texas withia maximum
capacity of i , 000 for the purpose of processing Mexican ai i en
"wetbacks" apprehended in the Brownsv i 1 I e-Mc Ai i en-H i da I go area and
expediting their departure to Mexico This camp wiii be ready for
operation within 30 days.
For many years j ails &;i,ongi, the entire Mexicain Bbrder have been
over-crowded with al iens who were taken into custody and placed in
detention by this Service until their deportation or removal could
be effected. The new facilities at Hidalgo, Chula Vista, and the
enlarged station at El Centre will help to fill a long felt need
with regard to the apprehension, detention and deportation or re-
moval of Mexican aliens in the Imperial Valley, along the West
Coast and in East Texas. It is estimated that these camps will more
than pay for their construction during the first year of operation
by the greatly reduced use of contractual jaiis.
The program of renovation and repair of E I ii s Is! and . which has
been under way for the past three years, isbeginning to show results.
Several major physical changes were effected during June.' These in-
cluded the transfer of security unit supervisory offices to the first
floor of the f ac i 1 ity and the installation of a public address system,
both of which will assist greatly i n coord i nat i ng the various security
functions in one area and provide a means of contact at ai! times
between security personnel and e\/ery post inside and outside the
Stat ion. Much time will be saved and more efficiency will, result
from this integrated system of surveillance.
The 30-bed infirmary, which is under the supervision of the U S.
- 49 -
Public Health Service and which was opened last year, is almost com-
pleted. The space is divided into a ward for women and chi idren, a
maie ward and an isolat'on ward. The general heaith of the detainees
is good, due, in no smai part, to the excellent service rendered in
the clinic in treating minor com plaints Detainees suffer;ng from
serious illnesses are sent to the U. S. Marine Hospitals at Staten
island and Hudson and Jay Streets, and to the Be,levue, New York,
and Willard Parker Hospitals in New York City,,
Fifty additional beds and other dormitory equipment have been
instai led inthe w ng adjacent tothe infi rmary for medica' hold cases,,
thus giving fu;, mean ng to a Service policy wh ch requires the segre-
gation of newiy arrived detainees untii a ciean b^i, of health can be
given by the Public Heaith Service.
Preliminary plans anddrawings have been submitted by the District
Director for furnishing and equipping the passengers ounge, family
quarters and warrant room The Prisons Industries have been asked to
submit est. mates of cost and to cooperate in subm.tt ng pians for the
design and manufacture of a type of furniture which wiii stand heavy
wear and yet present an attractive appearance
This detent on station, with .ts great, wide haiis and corridors,
high ceilings, unusable spaces and outmoded uti'ities, wiii always
present the dua problem of how to uti lize It with economy and yet
make it serve our purposes efficiently,.
During the past yea'' when the housing situation became acute due
to overcrowding at the San Franc i sco Detention Facility, arrangements
were made with A,ameda County to occupy a section of the Santa R'ta
Rehabilitation Farm which is located at Pieasanton, about 40 miles
from San Francisco, for overflow detainee population,, it "s planned
to cont.nue the use of ths faculty whenever the population exceeds
200.
A I i en Paro I e
Under the prov sions of Sec,, 20(a) of the immigration Act of
February 5, '■ 9 ' 'I . as amended September 22,, 19^0 by the interna
Secur ty Act. the Attorney General may detain., release under bond,
or release under cond t.ona, parole apprehended aliens pending de-
termination of t he I ' deport ab I I 1 ty and for a further period of six
months following order of deportation. Under Sec, 20(b) such aliens
may be subject to supervision if deportation has not been effected
during that period At the end of the fiscal year, there were 24,965
aliens at large under these provisions. The vast majority were on
conditional paro e awa t i ng a hearing or a determination of deporta-
biiity. Others were on conditional parole pend ng the results of
appeals or because of the introduction of private bills. There was,
however, a steady increase n the number who were placed under super-
vision after ordersofdeportatonhadbeen outstanding for six months.
This was 'argeiy because the Service was unable to procure the needed
travel documents or to complete travel arrangements.
- 50 -
During the fiscal year, 2,915 were placed under bond and 1,518
oonds were terminated, a net increase of 1,397; 22,085 were paroled,
and 11,274 paroles were terminated, a net increase of 10,811; 1,938
were placed under supervision and 866 terminated, a net increase of
1,072; a grand total of 26,938 additional and 13,658 terminated,
leaving a net grand increase of 13,280 under the control provisions
of the Act.
The number of aliens under bond or conditional parole at the end
of the fiscal year was approximately double the number in such status
on June 30, 1951; while the number under supervision was one and one-
half times as great.
NUMBCR
iO.OOO
ZS.OOO
20,000
IS. 000
10,000
S.OOO
ALIENS ON PAROLE
YEARS ENOEO JUNE 30, 1950 -
1952
195.
i
— — —
1950 _„--^
-1
^^
T^.
•».
_
■
- -
^
au
LY
AUO. SEPT. OCT. WOV. DEC. JAN.
FEB. MAft.
APR.
MAY au
iens at Large under Contro; Provisions of
internal Securty Act of 1950
June 30 i95! June 30 '952
)f
Grand
Sect '.on
20( b;
Bond
- Sec 20 ■ a ;
Paro^
e Sec
20i a)
As c
Pend
After
Pend""
After
end
of
tota,
Super -
Tot a.
i ng
order
Tota
ing
oi'der
vision
order
order
J une
:952
24 966
i ,75'
2 8 i/
2, 5 '8
299
20 398
19 486
9'2
May
M
24, 403
■ . /98
2,73
2,435
296
-9. 874
9 000
87 4
Apr_
ft
23,573
!,7 !5
2,657
2, 340
3 7
9 , 20 1
'8 4:6
785
Mar
11
22,557
1,585
2.563
2,234
3 29
1 8 , 409
;7,665
744
Feb_
II
2 1.575
, 438
2 523
2,20/
3 6
!7.6'4
16,775
839
Jan.
ri
20,693
1 . 340
2 493
2 49
344
■ e , 860
16, 06:
799
Dec .
'951
18,666
,269
2, 18
2,066
;5
5,2;6
!4,658
558
Nov.
11
;8 '85
208
■964
: .878
86
'3,0 '3
4,425
588
Oct
!I
' 7 , 30 '
^ 080
1 93
; „ 850
8 :
;4,.290
3,722
568
Sep
11
'5.628
934
!,937
' ,852
85
'2, /57
12, '90
567
Aug
''
4, '56
848
1.788
' , i ' 4
/4
1 ' , 520
0 , 96 •
559
July
'95
'2,924
7 '5
' , 550
' , 490
60
: 0 , 659
:0 '46
5-3
June
95'
'686
.
67 9
' 420
'365
55
9 587
9,056
53-
It is of interest that the -eat ve.y sma numbe en a-ged' Af-
ter Order" (after f.nai order of deportation has been made) reflects
the reiativeiy few cases ;n which it was found des rab.e to change
the conditions of bond or paroie Four cases we'-e presented to the
United States Attorneys fo' prosecuton for v'o;at on of cond t . ons
of supervision
There st remain some 2 500 cases to be b'ought under con-
ditional parole or formai supervision pu suant to the internal
Security Act. This is n contrast to the backlog of '5 600 cases
at the close of i ast fiscal year Of these 2 500 many had been
paroled or reieased under bond prior to the passage of the interna.
Security Act, but the conditions of their en a gement must never-
theiess be formalized n accordance w th the present aw
Exc I usi ons
Aliens who arrive at ports of entry seeking admission to the
United States may be exciuded .f they fai ■ to quaiify under the
immigraton i aws of the United States in most instances a iens
held for exclusion ai-e given a hearing before a three-member Board
of Special inquiry. From an order of exc.usion by the Board^ an
appeal lies to the Board of immigration Appeals except in certain
'nstances when the Public Health Officer certifies an a,ien to be
t nadm i ss 1 b I e
Other cases in which there is no appea are those cases in
which the excluding decision is based on confidential information,
the disclosure of which wouid be detrimental to the pub^-c nterest ,
- 52 -
During the fiscal year 1952, 5,050 aliens were excluded from
the United States, 2,106 of whom sought admission at the Canadian
and Mexican land borders for less than 30 days. Seventy-six percent
were exc I uded on documentary grounds. During the past year, 139 alien
border crossers and nine other aliens were excluded on subversive
g rounds.
Aliens excluded from the United States, by cause
Year ended June 30, 1952
Number exc I uded
Cause Total Border Other
c rossers _[/ a i i ens
All causes.... ................ 5.050 2, 106 2.944
Without proper documents................. 3,860 1,482 2,378
Criminals......... 534
Mental or physical defectives............ 164
Subversive or anarchistic................ 148
Stowaways. ............................... 74
Had been previously excluded or deported. Il5
Likely to become public charges 41
Immoral classes........ 29
Previously departed to avoid military
service. ...................... ......... 19
Unable to read (over 16 years of age).... 3
Cont ract I abore rs ....... 9
Other c I asses. 54
±/ Aliens seeking admission at land borders for less than 30 days.
49
285
97
67
39
9
-
74
63
52
30
1 1
19
10
1 1
8
-
3
4
5
12
42
■■.^■[■.■tp i.ii;iijy_. . . I ..i.i.i.i.i.i.j.i.i.i.i.i.w.M'iiiK'yffffBrSv!' !•"'•"•! !
r^t9;mriy. ■ ■ 1 1 i.w
CHAPTER
iNVESfiaATION
The Service is keenly aware that its law enforcement responsi-
bilities are constantly expanding in scope under the prevailing
conditions of international political and economic instability. The
investigative activities of the Service are of prime importance.
They play an especially vital role in three areas of the Service's
enforcement responsibilities.
The most important area is the expulsion of aliens and the de-
naturalization of persons illegally naturalized who are or have been
connected with the world-wide Communist movement. In this connection
the Congress, inthe Internal Security Act of 1950, madefindings based
upon evidence adduced byvarious Congressional committees that the
world Communist movement operates through affiliated constituent ele-
ments in the various countries of the world, and depends upon the
travel of Communist members, representatives and agents from country
to country for the furtherance of its purposes. Furthermore, the
Congress found that Communist activity in the United States is in-
spired and controlled largely by foreign agents. Accordingly,
severance of the foreign control of this Communist activity in the
United States is, in large measure, an immigration problem.
The second most vital area of investigative responsibility is
the ferreting put at the earliest possible time after entry and the
expulsion from the United States of aliens who are criminals, immoral
persons, narcotic law violators, or mentally or physically unfit.
The third most essential enforcement task of the Service in which
investigations are important involvesthe stamping out of the smuggling
of aliens i nto the Un i ted States, andthe early detection and expulsion
of the mounting numbers of illegal entrants who seek to reside unlaw-
fully in the United States. These activities threaten the controls
that our country has found necessary to impose because of the large
numbers of persons who desire to come here and share our bounty. The
54
law abiding i mm 'grant patientiy waits his turn overseas for the visa
which wi i i permit h.is iawfu, ent ry and r es .dence ,n the Un.ted States
In justice to h:m the i aw breaker who enters by iilegai means and
who resides here in violation of the i aw must be prompt, y detected
and expe I I ed
These and the other enforcement responsi b i i ! t i es .ncumbent upon
the Servce in administering the immigration and nationality , aws are
prodigious. Competent administration of these i aws depends on eff;-
cient and expeditious i nvest ' gat i ons for severa. reasons npaticular
Our American traditions require that in each case the Service deve.op
the facts through carefui investigation before act i ng to deny, revoke,
or I imit any privi leges or rights it confers or recommends under the
immigration and nat ■ onai i ty . i aws , At the same time, it ;S essent . ai
that the Service's investigations be promptly conducted so that decays
in enforcement wiii not frustrate the i aw
The recogn 1 1 i on of the vita, ro i e of nvestigative responsibility
led to the estab ; , shment of a separate D v,s on under an Assistant
Comm I ss i oner for 1 nvest i gat i ons, report ng d i '"ect y to the Commissioner.
This marks a new page in the development of the Service s nvest gat ve
activities. Inthefiscai year ;948 investigationswasestabishedas
a Section in the Enforcement D, vision in order to organize, coord, nate
and direct the , nvest , gat i ve activities of the Service During the
fiscal year 1949 the investigations Section was fuiy organized and
its activities commenced to assist in ai phases of the enforcement
work of the Service in fiscai years -950 and 95 the effect ve work
done by the investigations Section ied to expansion of the Centra!
Office investigative force, and more vigorous investigative activities
inthefieid in each of these years an increasing number of investi
gati^e cases was competed by the Service, in fiscal year 95. the
large number of 256,990 investigations was completed Yet, during
the current fiscai year nearly doub.e that number,, 498 237 investi-
gations, were completed However,,, at the cose of this fiscal year
a great deal of invest gative work rema.ns to be done. The year
closed with a backlog of i nvest , gat i ons tota ing '43,626 cases it
is thus read I ly apparent that to carry out the nvest i gat , ve prog ram
of the Service it is necessary that the Service redouble its invest
gative efforts. The Divsion with ,ts personnel augmented and the
scope of its activities extended, proposes to work toward th,s end
during the next year.
The current fiscai year marked some notabie achievements. During
this year investigations conducted a training program designed tomore
fully qualify the Serv.ce s investigative personnel to discharge the
mounting i aw enforcement respons : b i I i t i es of the Service. invest. ga-
te rs from all districts were g.ven an intensWe and comprehensive
course dealing with nvest :g at ive technques and the spec a,, zed pro
cedures applicable to immigration and nat.onai.ty nvest i gat i ons .
The course was designed to benefit newy appointed . nvest ^ gators as
well as investigators i ong exper.enced in the Service. Other accom
plishments in the various areas of our investigative work are as set
- 55 -
out below under the appropriate headings.
( I) Anti-Subversive Operations. — (a) Exclusion Cases. — Inves-
tigators have been expecially active in procuring intelligence
information leading to the temporary exclusion of aliens seeking ad-
mission to the United States whose entry might be prejudicial to the
public interest, safety or security. These exclusions are effectuated
under the authority conferred by the Internal Security Act of 1950,
temporar i ly to exc I ude any alien whose entry may appear to be a threat
to the internal security of the United States. Under the law, if it
is determined on the basis of information of a confidential nature,
the disclosure of which would be prejudicial to the public interest,
safety or security, that the individual's entry would be or would
I ikely be a security threat, further inquiry into the case must be
denied and the individual must be deported. At all times the Service
seeks to procure all the relevant facts, so that this power may be
administered in conformity with our American standards of fairness
to the fullest possible extent consistent with our national security
i nte rests.
(b) Deportation Cases. — The Internal Security Act of 1950, by
amending the Act of October 16, I9'8, the basic immigration statute
deal ing with the exclusion and deportation of subversives, has
facilitated the conduct of subversive investigations by the Service
with a view to deportation. The Internal Security Act of 1950 took
it as established that the Communist Party of theUnited States or
in any other country has as its purpose the establishment in the
United States and throughout the world of Communist totalitarian
dictatorships. Accordingly, it eliminated the need to prove this
fact in each and every case of an alien charged with being deportable
on subversive grounds. This relieved the Service of the burdensome
task of repeatedly showing this fact in subversive deportation cases.
During the current fiscal year 6, 10 1 investigations were con-
ducted and completed with a view to establishing deportabiiity on
subversive grounds. This represents an almost three-fold increase
over the number of such investigations completed during fiscal year
1951. Since such investigations are difficult and represent the
expenditure of many productive man-hours of investigative work, this
figure represents a noteworthy accomplishment.
In sum, the Service carried on a vigorous investigative cam-
paign during the past year with a view to the denaturalization,
expulsion and exclusion from the United States of persons connected
with the world Communist movement. In close cooperation with the
various security agencies of the Government, the Service has broad-
ened its facilities for analysis, coordination and Service-wide
dissemination of intelligence information bearing upon this important
phase of the work of the Service.
Exemplifying the outstanding results ofthe investigative
efforts of the Service to rid the country of subversive aliens is
- 56 -
the case of Andrew Dmytryshyn He was accorded a deportation hear-
ing on a charge of membership in the international Workers Order.
It was contended by the Service that the International Workers Order
was aff I i I ated with the Communist Party of the United States and
that Dmytryshyn, through his mernbership and activities in the Inter-
national Workers Order, had af f i I lated himself with the Communist
Party of the United States On December 26, !95!, the Board of Immi-
gration Appeals upheld the Service and determined that Dmytryshyn was
deportable from the Un ted States on the subversive charge This
decision is the culmination of long and intensive efforts of the
Service to procure competent evidence establishing the subversive
connection between the international Workers Order and the Communist
movement .
(c) Denial of Natural izatlon Cases - The ,nterna' Security Act
of 1950 amended the provision in the Nationa; ity Act of '940 which
bars from naturalization persons engaged in subvers.ve activities..
The Act enlarged the ciassesof persons and the types of organizations
deemed to fall within the statutory prohibition designed to bar the
naturalization of subversives. An increased number of investigations
was conducted of applicants for natura; zat on during the year to de-
termine whether they were wthin this proscr'pton of the naturaliza-
tion i aw„
(d) Revocation of Naturalization Cases. The interna Security
Act of '950 amended the Nationality Act to provide that subversive
activity Within a per.od of five years after naturalization shall be
ground for revocation of naturalization. This applies to any person
naturalized after January I, 1951, and opens a new field for subver-
s 1 ve investigations During th^s f i sea i year the Serv.ce competed
a total of 1,824 investigations which sought to determine possible
revocation of naturalization on subversive grounds
The Service considers that every Investigative effort should be
expended to the end that subversives wii! not be naturalized as citi-
zens of the United States and that if perchance any subversive is
naturalized in violation of the law, the naturalization wii: be re-
voked at the earliest possible time,. In this class of investigations,
each case successfully completed represents many man-hours of diffi-
cult work _
(2) Ant i-smugg I I ng and Stowaway Operations. — During the fiscai
year just ended the Service has continued to combat the illegal entry
of aliens Into the United States, and especially to prevent the smug-
gling of aliens across the land borders of the United States or as
- 57
stowaways aboard vessels or aircraft The number of apprehensions
during this year of natives of countries other than those bordering
on the United States who were smuggled into the United Statesh'as"
nearly doubled over the preceding year. Al I led with the ai ;en smug-
gling problem is the problem posed by the use of the seaman avenue
to gain illegal entry into the United States This continues to be a
tremendous problem in view of the large numbers of foreign seamen who
annually come to our shores The investigative forces have endeavored,
through centralized coordination and direction, to prevent the use of
all these routes of iilega; entry.
With respect to the detection of stowaways, the Service has been
following the practice of searching, wherever practicable, vesseis on
which it appears that stowaways may be transported, especaliy where
information is received that members of the crew have been aiding the
stowaways. The value of this operation is exemp'ifed by the case of
the SS "Paol ina" in February 1952 a search of this vessei on its
arrival at Phi iadeiphia resulted in the apprehension of two ital ian
stowaways It developed that one of these stov/aways had been refus-
ed entry in the United States The other had been deported pre. .ousiy
as a narcotics violator
(3) Fraud Ope rat i ons -- Du r i nq this f sea year the Service
succeeded in uncovering some 40 cases Invoiving fraudulent procure-
ment of United States passport? Dy Filipinos in the Honolulu area.
A number of these law vioiators '.v.-i re prosecuted,
A case closed in this year involved the operation of a large
fraud ring in the Rio Grande Vai i ey invest gat:on by the Service
established that one Salome Quintan! I la, a resident of Monterrey.
:\^exico, had assisted possibly hundreds of a, .ens of Mex.can nation-
ality to secure false documents which enabled them to app y for
immigration visas to enter the United States Quintaniiia is
presently under arrest in Mexico, charged wth obtaining fraudulent
documents from Mexican officials.
(4) General Operat 1 ons . --The Service increased ^ts general
investigative operations a!i along the line In fiscal year '952
Almost one and o e-haif as many warrants of arrest were issued dur-
ing this fisca; year as were issued during the preceding year. This
increase resulted in part from the conduct by the Service of "free
lance" investigations seekng to find aliens ii legal iy in the United
States in the various piaces where ai lens are known to congregate.
It is noteworthy that these "free lance" operations resulted in the
■nstitution of deportation proceedings against a large number of
aliens who otherwise wouid not have been apprehended by the Service.
It is with pride that the Service points to these achievements
n the field of investigations. Yet, ahead lie even greater tasks.
The new Immigration and Nationality Act extensive y increases the
investigative, as well as the other responsibilities of the Service.
When its provisions become effective on December 24. '952, the
- 58 -
Service's investigative forces will have to effect an unprecedented
expansion to meet the new operational responsibilities placed upon
them by this legislation. if the Service is given the additional
investigative personnel needed to meet these new responsibilities
the Service's investigative forces will be able to accomplish un--
paralleled achievements in the effective enforcement of the immigra-
tion and nationality laws in the next fiscal year.
CHAPTER 7
ATURALIZATION
While the Service has uppermost in its program, enforcement for
internal security, it has a role in another and different type of
program, that played in the naturalization process. Possibly aliens
who become naturalized, by the very requirements for nati ural i zat ion,
come to have a more specific knowledge ofour Constitution and Govern-
ment than do many native-born citizens. Certainly, such knowledge is
one bulwark against communist ideologies. The correlation between
immigration and naturalization is not too perfect; nevertheless,
naturalization, with various time lags due to differences in length
of residence requirements, follows the pattern of immigration. Thus,
fiat ural i zat i ons in the past three or four years, have been low be-
cause immigration was very low during the war. This year, however,
seven years after the end of the war, the naturalization trend line
takes a sharp upward turn.
Immigration, particularly of .var brides and displaced personsbe-
gan immediately after the termination of World War II. These immi-
grants, excepting those recently admitted in the final stages of the
Displaced Persons Program, are now rapidly becoming eligible for natu-
ralization by reason of the lapse of residence period requirements.
Other factors have, no doubt, accelerated interest in naturalizations:
(I) the near-war in Korea; (2) the annual Alien Address Report Prog ram,
which reminds aliens of their alien status, and (5) the requirement
by the various branches of the Department of Defense that companies
engaged in defense production hire aliens only if they have declara-
tions of intention, and the further requirement that in sensitive pro-
duction, companies hire only citizens of the United States. All of
these things make United States citizenship attractive.
The Internal Security Act changed some of the requirements
with regard to naturalization. Included among the changes were
the provisions that the petitioner must establish that he was not
- 60 -
a member of a totalitarian organization during the ten years prior
to the date he filed his petition; that no person can be naturalized
against whom there is outstanding an order of deportation; and that
each petitioner must be able to read and write, as well as speak the
English language. Persons with 20 years residence in the United
States and who are over 50 years of age are exempted from the
literacy provision in the law.
Declarations filed. — Generally, the first step toward naturali-
zation is to file an application for a declaration of intention to
become a citizen and prove admission for lawful residence. In the
past fiscal year, applications for declarations numbered 133,341,
six percent more than the 125,262 filed last year. Certificates of
arrival were issued by field offices to 131,255 persons. Declara-
tions filed equaled 111,461, almost 20 thousand over last year's
figure of 9 1, 497.
Pet i t ions f i I ed. — There were 94,086 petitions for naturalization
filed last year. This figure represents a 53 percent rise since 1951,
and is the highest in any year since 1946. At the end of the fiscal
year, there were st i 1 I 29,473 petitions pending which required action.
Pet i t ions granted . — The number of natural i zat ions, which declined
rapidly since the peak year In 1944, for the first time took an up-
swing in the past year to 88,655, or 33,939 higher than 54,7 16 natu-
ralized in the fiscal year 1951. The reasons wh i ch i nf I uenced a change
in the trend are given in the paragraphs above.
NATURALIZATION
VEAflS ENDED SEPT. 27, 1907 - JUNE 30. 1952
THOUSANDS
SOO, lint
DECLARATIONS OF INTENTION FILED
1907 -10
1920
1930
1940
1980-52
- 61 -
DECLARATIONS OF INTENTION FILED AND PERSONS NATURALIZED
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1946 - 1952
NUMBER
200,000
150,000
100,000
PERSONS
NATURALIZED
^ '
r=^
"~ .
^-'-'
\, DEC
LARATIONS
OF INTENTION FILED
1946
1946
I9S0
1 952
An analysis of the 1952 figures shows that the chief increases
were inthe number of persons naturalized who were married to citizens,
which rose from 36,433 in 1951, to 58,027 in 1952. This group, which
represented two-thirds of all naturalizations, no doubt, included
many war brides who have come to this country since the War. The
principal nationalities represented were British, German, Italian and
Canadian. Naturalizations under general provisions of the laws
nearly doubled to 26,920. Military naturalizations of 1,585 exceeded
last year's f igures by 610.
PERSONS NATURALIZED IN THE UNITED STATES BY STATUTORY PROVISIONS
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1948 - 1952
60.000
OTHER
UNDER GENERAL PROVISIONS
20,000
1948
1949
19 50
1951
1952
88.655
54,
:7i6
66,346
66 ; 594
70 ; 150
14,993
10,
,867
12,697
13,284
1 2 , 36 1
13,538
5,
.439
6,065
5,777
7,486
10,004
5,
,872
5,882
5,347
3 , 860
9,720
5,
,97 5
8,743
8,30 1
9,452
5,858
3,
, 100
3,793
4,37 1
5, !36
2,851
1,
,830
2, 122
2,752
3, !43
2,496
1,
,969
2,323
2,227
1,895
1,813
1,
,595
3,257
3,478
5,768
- 62 -
The table which follows shows the principal countries of former
allegiance of persons naturalized:
Years ended June 30,
Former national ity 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948
Total
Brit ish. ...... ,
German.
Canad i an. ....... .
Ital ian. .................. .
Pol ish. ................... .
U.S.S.R. .
Vlex i can. .................. .
F i I i pi no. ................. .
Other...... 27,382 18,069 2 1,464 21,057 21,049
Pet it ions den ied. — The number of pet i t i ons den i ed has been si i ght-
\y over 2,000 for the past four years. Three-fourths of the 2, 163
petitions denied inthe fiscal year 1952 were denied because the peti-
tioner withdrew or failed to prosecute the petition.
In fiscal year 1951, 219 pet it i ons were den i ed because of failure
to establish knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of the
history, and the principles and form of Government of the United
States. In 1952 only 105 were denied for this cause. Six petitions
were denied because the petitioner was unable to write, read, and
speak English. There appears to be no s ign i f leant change in the figures
of denials on this ground since 1949 and 1950, when the requirment
was only the ability to speak English.
Ninety petitions were denied last year because of lack of good
moral character. Denials on this ground, which were re I at i ve ly h i gh
before and during the war, were 16 percent of the total denials in
1943, but have since declined to four percent in I952. Seven peti-
tions were denied because there was an outstanding order of deporta-
tion.
Naturalizations revoked. — All except four of the 279 certifi-
cates of naturalization revoked last year were initiated by the
Foreign Service of the State Department because naturalized citizens
became residents of foreign states within five years of naturiliza-
tion. The number revoked in the past two years, by cause, is shown
in the table which follows:
- 65 -
Certificates of naturalization revoked, by
grounds for revocation
Years ended June 50. 1951 and 1952
Grounds 1952 i95l
Total , 279 405
Established permanent residence abroad within five
years after naturalization 275 534
Failed to meet residence requirements (false
a I I egat ions ) - 5
Bad moral character (frawd i nvo I ved 1 ............. . I 1
Misrepresentations and concealcnents relating to
marital and family' status....................... 2 3
Bad moral character (no fraud involved).. - 2
Dishonorable discharge foMpwing naturalization
based' on rnilitar^ service during World V>(ar II... | 2
Unwilling to b«ar arms (path taken with mental
reservat i ons )..................... - l
Naturalization fraudulently or illegally procured. - 2
Other grounds, - . , ...,..■.,....,..■.....„,■...... ....■■ . . . . . - 3_
J..OSS of nat 1 ona 1 1 t.v . — 1 n add 1 1 i on to i oss of nat i ona 11 ty by revo-
cat ion of natura I i zat i on, persons may expatriate themse I ves by af f i rma-
t ive action, such asby naturalization in a foreign state. Following
the end of World War II, the number of expatriations rose to a high of
8,575 in 1949. Since then the number has declined steadily, and in the
fiscal year 1952, 3,265 persons expatriated themselves. Voting in a
foreign political election orplebiscite has been the chief ground for
expatriation in the last few years. Most of the certificates of loss
of nationality are received from American consuls of the Department of
State. The various ways of losing nationality, wh 1 ch are st i pu I ated in
Chapter IV of the Nationality Act of 1950 and in previous acts, and the
numbers of persons are shown in the following table:
Persons expatriated, by grounds for expatriation
Years ende:^ June 50. 195 1 and 1952
Grounds for exoatriation
Total ..........................................
Voting in a foreign political election or plebiscite
Residence of a naturalized national in a foreiqn
state (Sec, 404, Nationality Act of 1940).,....,,.
Naturalization in a foreign state.
Entering or serving in the armed forces of a foreign
st ate
Renunciation of nationality abroad.....
Taking an oath of alle.nance in a foreign state.....
Accepting or performing duties under a foreign state
Departing from or remaining away from the U.S. to
avoid training and service in land or naval forces
Desertion from the armed forces..
Qt.hg r g rounds ■ - . . ......................
N umbe r of
pe rsons
1952
951
5,265
4
,44;
1 1, 186
1
,40 1
676
1
,084
622
836
370
565
136
228
123
147
56
75
59
6C
-
Z.
37
5F
- 64 -
Citizenship acquired by resumption or repat r i at i ori. — Statutory
authority exists for the re-acquisition of citizenship by persons who
lost United States citizenship under certain conditions.
The number of former citizens who received certificates of citi-
zenship under such conditions is shown in the table below.
Years ended June 50.
1952 195 1 1950
Total number............................. 1,406 I .242 1.219
Persons who lost citizenship by serving in the
armed forces of al I ies of the United States,
and who were repatriated under Sec. 323,
Nationality Act of 1940..................... 147 256 275
Native-born women who lost citizenship through
marriage to aliens and who were repatriated
under the Act of June 25, 1936, as amended.. 778 839 773
Native-born women who lost citizenship through
marriage to aliens and whose marriages termi-
nated, and who were repatriated under Sec.
317(b) of the Nationality Act of 1940....... 160 145 170
Persons repatriated under private laws........ 5 2 I
Persons who lost citizenship through voting in
a political election or plebiscite in Italy
andrepatriatedunderP.L. ll4ofAug. 16,1951 316
Until passage of the Act of August 7, 1946, (60 Stat. 866), there
were no special provisions in the nationality laws concerning the re-
gaining of citizenship by persons who lost their citizenship by voting
in a foreign political election or plebiscite. The Act provided for
the expeditious naturalization of persons who lost citizenship by vot-
ing in a foreign political election after January 12, 1951, in a non-
enemy country. This law expired on August 6, 1947, and 1,320 persons
were repatriated under its provisions. On August 16, 1951, Pub I i c
L aw I 1 4 was enacted, which replied the Act of August 7, 1946, and
provided for the expeditious naturalization of former citizens of the
United States who .ost citizenship through voting in a political
e lect i on o r p I eb i sc i te held in Italy. As of June 30, 1952, 316 persons
had been repatriated under the provisions of this law.
Derivative citizenship. — The requirements of the Internal Security
Act stimulated the interest in proof of derivative citizenship. During
the fiscal year 1952, there were 23,976 applications by persons who
claimed that they derived c i t i zensh i p at some prior time through the
naturalization of parents. There were 18,632 derivative certificates
comp I eted.
In addition, certificates of citizenship were issued to
5,912 persons by reason of their birth abroad to citizen parents.
- 65 -
Citizenship Education
The Internal Security Act of 1950, with certain exceptions
St rengt hened the requ i rements for naturalization by making the ability
to read, write, and speak English a prerequisite to naturalization.
In addition, the candidate for naturalization must not only know and
unde rstand t he pr i nc I p I es and form of Government of the United States,
but must also have knowledge of its history. The citizenship educa-
tion program consists of. cooperating with public schools through
editing and distributing citizenship textbooks for use in public
school classes or home study courses, informing the public schools of
potential candidates for citizenship; and promoting meaningful natu-
ralization ceremonies.
The statistics on the citizenship program follow
Citizenship textbooks for naturalization ap-
plicants distributed to the public schools
Years ended June 50. 1946 - 1932
194-6........ 179,694 1950........ 190,038
1947.,..;... 190,354 19511/..... 166,833
1948........ 149,600 1952 2/..... 158,385
1949........ 145,528
Names of newiy-arr i ved immigrants
Transmitted to the public schools by the field offices.... 198,826
Noncitizens referred by the field offices to public-
school c I asses. ........................................ . 142,076
Home Stud.y
Names of noncitizens supplied by the field offices to
State universities and State correspondence centers..... 32,546
Noncitizens informed by the field offices of facilities .,
for correspondence courses.............................. 39,715
Publ ic-school classes and enrol Iments
Public-school (and Home Study Course) classes organized
during fiscal year 1952 3/............................. 3,001
Candidates for naturalization enrolled in all classes
during the last fiscal year 5/ ..■-■-•.■•.■.•■.■■...... . 89,941
_[/ In add ition 75,689 books were ordered, but were not distributed
because they were out of stock
2/ In addition 5 1,249 books were ordered, but were not distributed
due to supply shortages.
_J/ This information is taken from reports made by public schools at
the time textbooks are requisitioned, and may be regarded as
reasonably complete.
- 66 -
Names of newly-arrived i mm i a rants . -- S i nee March I, i950, all
work pertaining to the preparation and dissemination of visa-name
slips has been accomplished by the Field Offices of the Service
From July I, '951, through June 30, 1952, a total of 186,691 such
slips were sent to public-school officials. They were used to
notify alien naturalization applicants of citizenship education
classes. The value of this program is reflected in the great increase
in public-school c I ass f ac i ii t i es — from 1,860 m fiscal year !951; to
3-001 in fiscal year 1952.
Home-study program. — State colleges anduniversities^particularly
through their extension services, conduct the Home Study Courses. Text-
books used in the courses are distributed by the Service under provi-
sion of the law. This program brings to outlying districts of the
United States the benefits of organized instruction in this important
phase of adult education.
Pub I i c -schoo I certificates of proficiency. -The Servi ce and courts
cont 1 nued to accept public-school certificates showi ng the sat i sf actory
completion by candidates for naturalization of courses of study upon
the basic pr i nc i p I es of the Const i t ut i on and Government and the History
of theUnited States. The following natural! zat ion courts haveaccepted
such cert i f I cates as ev idence of the petitioner's educational prepara--
tion to meet naturalization requirements: All Federal Courts in the
States of Connect icut, Massachusetts, and Rhode I si and, and the Di st r i ct
Courts in Chicago, Illinois, Wayne, Indiana, Baltimore, Mary land,
Det roi t and Grand Rapids, Michigan, Duluth, Minneapolis, and St. Paul,
Minnesota, Camden and Trenton, New Jersey, Albuquerque, New Mexico,
Toledo, Ohio, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin:
the Supreme Court of New York State at Niagara Falls, N. Y., District
and Superior Courts at Sacramento, California, all State Courts in
the States of Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island, one State
Court in Indiana, 37 State Courts in Michigan, and four State Courts
in Ohio; and County Courts in the New Jersey Counties of Atlantic,
3uriington, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester, Ocean and Saiem.
Spec I a i prog rams . — The fiscal year 1952 marks the tenth year in
which the Immigration and Naturalization Service has participated
in several special programs emphasizing the importance of citizenship.
In 1942 a nation-wide movement was i n i t i ated to make the naturalization
ceremony a more meaningful and inspirational occasion. To help
accomplish this purpose the Service issued Gateway to Citizenship,
a manual prepared in cooperation with the committees on American
citizenship of the American Bar Association and the Federal Bar
Association — this cooperation has continued to the present.
This publication was designed primarily for use by the courts,
the staff of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, civic and
educational authorities, veterans' and other interested organizations,
in their efforts to stress the worth and meaning of citizenship —
particularly at the time of admission to citizenship through the
naturalization process.
- 67 -
The response to letters cal i ing attention to Gateway to C tizen-
s h 1 p, sent to al i United States District Court Judges and others, by
the Honorable Harlan F Stone, then Chief Justice of the United States,
and the Commissioner of Immigration and Naturalization, showed great
interest in the subject of citizenship. Many letters received also
suggested that emphasis on citizenship should not be limited to the
naturalization ceremony, but extended to a long-range, larger citi-
zenship program that would precede and f o , i ow citizenship Induction.
In !946, therefore,, the Attorney Genera: appointed an Advisory
Committee of distinguished citizens who had made outstand i ng':cont ri-
butions in various aspects of the citizenship field. The Commissioner
and the General Counsel of the Immigration and Naturalization Serv'ce,
and the present Assistant Comm i ss i oner of the C'tizenshJp Services and
instructions Di v i s i on of the Service, were inciuded on this committee.
The committee at its first meeting recommended, among otherthings,
"...,. a continuous effort to stress the ideals of th;s count ry and
the significance of American citizenship from the time of entry of a
potential citizen tothe moment when citizenship is granted h m by the
court and even beyond that." The comm,ttee further recommended "that
the Department of Justice jointly sponsor the Annuai Nationa Confer-
ence on Citizenship composed of representatives of pubi c and private
organizations and agencies interested .n c t zenship. Some signifi-
cant results are; the publication Gateway to Citizenship, which was
revised in 1948 to . nc : ude materia that wouid be heipfui in the pre-
paration of "I Am An American Day", now "Ct, zenship Day", and other
patriotic programs, Lii<e the first edition the publication was sent
to all Judges of Natural.zaton Courts and :s sent to ai. i United
States District Judges immediately after their appointment, and to ail
State Judges following their election to the bench whohoid naturali-
zation proceed, ngs. i Twenty--t hree percent of the natura, zat i on hear-
ings are heid in the State Courts i
The publication. Road to U S_A. Citizensh p designed as an aid
toward naturalization, was re-issued in a rev sed edit, on th s fiscal
year. During the year 24,500 copies of thiS book were fu^n.shed by
Service Field off.cers to applicants for natura zat onatthe time of
filing declarations of intention or petitions for natura.izat on.
The book I et , We I come to USA C.tizensh.p with a d'Stribut on of
28,500 copies, was desgned as a memento for new citizens on the occa -
sionoftheirnaturalization. its inspirationaivauehasbeen mater i ai iy
i nc r eased dun ng the past year by an add.tionai number of judges person-
all endorsingcopiesatthetimethe books arepresented to new citizens
Letter of We I come to the newiy arrived immigrant — The Comm i ss i one r
of Immigration and Natura i i zat i on sends to the newiy arrived immigrant
h s best wi shes i n a I et-te rof we icome to the Un ted States with whch is
enc losed the AI i en Reg ist rat i on Rece i pt Card of the a i i en Th i s I etter
a so contains information concern.ngtheprov/s ons of the i aw re. at ing
- 68 -
to address reports and ca I I s attention to the educational requirements
of the natura I i zat i on lawsandthe availability inthe public schools of
classes for instruction in English and History and Government.
C i t i zensh i p Day. — By a Joint Resolution ( Pub I ic Law 26 I , 82nd
Congress), approved February 29, 1952, t he ce I eb rat i on formerly designated
"I Am An American Day" was changed to "Citizenship Day", and is to be
ce lebrated on September 17 of each year, i nstead of ' the former date of
the third Sunday in May.
Since ci t i zenshi p and the Constitution are inseparable, it seemed
appropriate that the Congress should establish "Citizenship Day" in
commemorat i on of the signing of the Constitution on September 17, 1787.
Observance of "C it i zenshi p Day", on each September 17, will afford all
c it i zens of the United States — native-born and naturalized — a golden
opportunity to rededicate themselves to the ideals of our democracy.
National Conference on C i t i zensh i p. —Sponsored by the Department
of J ust ice andt he National Education Association, over 1000 public and
private organizations have part ic i pated inthe Conference since its in-
itiation in 194-6 ,
The object i ves of the Conference are: "To re-exami ne the funct i ons
and duties of American citizenship in today's world. To assist in the
development of more dynamic procedures for making citizenship more
effective. To i nd icate the ways and means by wh ich vari ous organ i zat i ons
may contribute concretely to the development of a more active, alert,
en I I ghtened,consc i ent i ous, and progressive citizenry in our country "
The Immigration and Naturalization Service has actively partici-
pated in all the annual meetings of the conferences, and in the plan-
ning of its programs. At the recent Seventh Conference held in
Washington, D.C., September 17, 1952, an outst and i ng and inspirational
feature of the opening session was a natural i zat i on hearing by the
United States District Court in which 51 petitioners became citizens.
The President of the United States, the Attorney General and the Com-
missioner of Immigration and Naturalization were among those who aid-
dressed the new citizens.
The Service again provided an exhibit which not only displayed
the various parts of the Federal Textbook and graphically outlined
the work accomplished during the previous year, but centered around a
moving picture entitled "Twentieth Century Pilgrim", shownon a conti-
nuous projecting machine installed as a part of the display itself.
This movie, produced and directed by the Service, outlines the
naturalization process in the United States, following an "alien"
from his landing to the oath-taking at a final naturalization hear-
ing In a Naturalization Court. Copies of the film are available upon
request for loan to civic, patriotic, and other groups interested in
furthering the cause of good citizenship. The film is also available
f o r te 1 ecdst i ng .
twMuwww;vnv«Mi
CHAPTER
8
Statistics
NFORMATiON AND
%
I
NSTRUCTIONS
*^^ -•■-" •"
MMAMkMMMMaMl
To keep the employees of the Service and the interested public
informed of the work of the Service in terms of statistics, policies
and procedures, is one of the important by-products of the responsi-
bility for enforcing immigration and nationality laws.
Stat i st ics
Pub I i cat i ons. — During the year the analyses of recent natural-
izations were continued. Articles were published in the Mont h I y
Rev i ew on the social characteristics of nationals of Mexico and
Norway. Two reports were prepared relating to the United Nations
statistical program, one on international definitions to be used
in reporting migration statistics, and a second in reply to a
questionnaire relating to the suppression of traffic in persons,
and of the exploitation of the prostitition of others. A study
of international overseas travel was republished, in whole or in
part, by travel magazines and newspapers.
Statistical Analysis. — As in years past, immigration and
nationality statistics have been collected, presented, analyzed,
and interpreted during the fiscal year covering data on migration,
including agricultural laborers, naturalization, derivative citizen-
ship, expatriation, repatriation, exclusion of inadmissible aliens,
the apprehension and deportation of aliens illegally in the United
States, and data on the adjudicative functions delegated to the
Service by .law and regulations. Detailed tables on displaced persons
admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, have been prepared
on a monthly basis for the Displaced Persons Commission, and special
tables have been prepared semi-annually on the displaced persons al-
ready in this country. Current statistics have been published peri-
odically in the Month l.y Rev! ew.
Field Operations Reports. — Operations reports from the field
- 70 •
and stat'Stica! analyses have proven of increasing value ,n the
study and determination of administrative procedures and policies
of the Se rv i ce .
Alien Address Report. --The annual Ai en Address Repo t„ e -
quired by the Internal Secu'-ity Act,, formed the basis for a se ^es
of tables on the residence and nationality of ai'en residents.
Other Reports ■- -Qt he r statistcal work :n the past year in-
cluded articles for 17 standard reference yearbooks^ material for
talks by the Commissioner, and analyses of procedural changes.
From the passenger manifests the Service published, monthly, a
series of tables on air and sea t rave ' that form the basic data
for much of the travel analysis made by other agencies
This Annual Report, insofar as it reflects the statist'CS of
the Service, and the tables that follow, ■. s part of the stat'st cs
program of the Service,,
1 nf o rmat i on
The Month i y Rev i ew, published under authority of Sec. 327(c),
Nat'onality Act of 1940, as amended, p esented articles of current
and lasting interest concerning the Se.-ice program Articles
interpreting new legislation and its effort on the Service program
research into the meaning of the statistics of the Service, the
operation of inspection as carried on at var'ous ports,, and other
articles of wide variety, most of them written by members of the
Service staff, have been publ ished in the Mont h 1 y Rev ' ew during
this and pre^'lous years.
1943, the Monthly Review
During ts lifetime, beginning
has had six Service Editors. Publicat'on was suspended only once,
fo" the months of March, April, May and june of 1948 - a pe'ioo
which saw the removal of the Centi'al Office of the Service from
PhHadelph'a Pennsylvania, to Washington,, D C„
The June 1952 issue of the Rev.ew announced that, in ac-
cordance with a f u I ing of the Bureau of the Budget, its pub' ica-
tion ceased with that issue However,, a per;odical. The I . and N »
Reporte r„ will be published quarterly after IJune 30, 1952.
The INS Bu I 1 et I n is a weekly newsletter which keeps the officer
personnel of the Service informed of events and substantive mate''ai
that is of immediate interest to them.
Inquiries keep phones ringing and typew; .te'S clatte, i ng as
aliens and citizens alike, seek to know How to become a citizen,
how to file an ' mm g ;-at ion visa to b i i ng an alien parent ' nt o the
United States, all about Italian (or Mex-can or Canadian) i mm : -
g'at'on for the past 100 years; the date of naturalization of a
parent, and vai-'ous other items of 'nte est
During the f sea' year !952, 57,070 letters of inquiry were
answered by the Centra^ Office information Section, wh i i e 162,994
orai 'nqur.es were handled
in the w der f e!d of pubi'c relations^ great interest has
been shown n the Ser^.ce, and the mass media of news releases,
r ad i 0, ■ t e I ev ; 5 : on , motion pictures, and magazine articles were
used throughout the year to keep the pubiic Informed of the Service
work and the reasons for the administrative actions taken,
I nst ruct ions
Digests and Man ua t s , --The re were ',64' manuscript pages of
new and revised text prepared for publication in manuals. These
mainiy were for the Nationality and Immigration Manuals, the
analytical work-books of some 2,200 printed loose--ieaf pages that
concisely state the substantive and p.rocedurai law from all sources
on those subjects ^ddi t , onfei i . y ^ in t h£ interest of accurate
public information, private publishers were assisted in bringing
to date theiegai information for a number of yearbook articles on
nationality and immigration
in connection with the manuals and the digest functions,
18,578 administrative and judicial decisions or opinions were ex-
amined From these ',445 digests were prepared, indexed, and
entered into the ndex Digest, an exhaustive coi lection of prece-
dents that envisages the assembly behind specific fundamental
titles of the substantive and procedural law from ail sources.
Other re ated duties included providing the Secretary of
Defense, both ,n techn'cai and nontechnical form, with statements
of the current , aws and regulations as to naturalization benefits
based on se-. ce in the armed forces of the United States, and the
da iy digesting for the Service of the Congressional Record, prep-
aration of correspondence and answers to technical inquiries, and
,964 persona consultations with representatives of this Service
and other agenc es on subjects covered by t|ie Manuals and index
Di gest
Regulations and I nst ruct I ons , --Nume rous regulations imple-
menting existing as we i i as newiy enacted legislation for inclu-
sion in Ttie 8 of the Code of Federal Regulations were drafted.
Because of the additiona; functions that were decentralized to
the field offces, there were also prepared new and amended
operations instruct. ons for the internal guidance of Service pe r-
sonne , to better effect the uniform and efficient administration
of the imm-g.'-ation and nationality laws.
CHAPTER
OMINISTRATION
A reorganization of the Central Office was formally approved
during the latter part of the fiscal year. Similar action will
be taken with respect to the Field Service during the ensuing
fiscal year. The new organization has been planned to give greater
efficiency in operation based on experience since the passage of
the Internal Security Act of 1950, and in anticipation of changes
to arise from the newly enacted Immigration and Nationality Act
which becomes effective in Decembe'r 1952.
Personne I
One major phase of the reorganization was the separation of
the Personnel Office from the Administrative Division and its
transfer to the Office of the Deputy Commissioner.
With the termination of the Displaced Persons Program,
practically all of the employees assigned to Germany to assist
the Displaced Persons Commission had been recalled to the United
States by the last of the year. During the year the Service
arranged to take jurisdcition over enforcement of the immigration
and nationality laws on the Island of Guam and a small office was
opened in Mexico City, Mexico.
On June 30, 1952, the Immigration and Natu ra I i zat ton Service
consisted of 7,324 employees. There were 877 in the Central Office
and 6,447 in the field. The latter group includes y\5 employees
stationed in Alaska, Guam, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin
Islands of the United States and 75 located in Canada, Cuba, and
Mex i CO.
Placement and Training. — Approximately 10,800 personnel actions
of al I types were processed duri ng theyear; 7,700 concerned the Field
- 73 -
Service and 3.100 the Centra! Office,,
I n tfie Cent ra I Of f i ce approx i mate iy 6 , 200 i nt e rv i ews we re conducted
and 4,7000 I etters and memoranda were prepared inconnection with place-
ment act i V i t I es .
The Board of U. S Civil Service Examiners for the i mm i g rat i on and
Naturalization Service r6ce i ved and processed applications for exam!
nations for the positions of Patrol Inspector (Trainee) and immigrant
Inspector as follows:
Applications Rece i ved ,,„„,.,., .o. . 7,228
Applications on hand at end of
preced i ng f i sea 1 year,. ,,„„_.„.,. 1 , 137
Applications rated.. .....o... 7,393
P I acements. ,...,,,,„......„..,.. 0 . . 348
The two correspondence training programs were continued during
the year. Twenty-seven lessons were in circulation in the general
program on immigration and nationality ,aw Aii of these lessons
must be withdrawn and replaced during the forthcoming fiscai year to
conform with the changes arising from Pub i i c Law 4 14 and the reguia
tions to be issued thereunder.. En ro i i ees- in this program completed
I ,688 I essons = In addition, 6,053 lessons were completed by enroiiees
in the course of study for probationary patrol inspectors consisting
of I I law lessons and 15 Spanish lessons and a diagnostic test i n each.
Twenty-nine new tests in law and Spanish were devised during the
year for use in examining probationary patrol inspectors. A total of
1,047 tests were furnished to field offices. Two tests were devised
in connection with the establishment of promotion registers for the
position of Senior Patrol Inspector. Three hundred and eleven of
these tests were furnished to f ieid offices.
Three resident school sessions were conducted for a total of
103 investigators and hearing officers who received instruction in
the laws, procedures and methods.
Special training programs were conducted for nine representa-
tives of foreign governments during the year.
ClassificationandEmpioyee Services.- During the year Classi-
fication surveys were conducted which resulted in the establishment
of the new field positions of Adjudicator and Examining Officer and
the reallocations of those Investigators engaged in the more diffi-
cult phases of investigative work and a number of positions of Chief,
Investigations Section in the various districts. A comprehensive
study was made of the duties and res ppn s : b i I i t i es of Detention
Officers and action was initiettec) toward the close of the year toward
the allocation of these positions. Cooperation was given to repre-
sentatives of the Civil Service Comm,ission in an extensive study of
- 74-
Immigranit I nfepectof' posit ions throughout the Service. It is expected
that classification standards covering these positions will be pub-
I ished in the near future.
Thirty-five hundred positions were reviewed during the year„
Approximately 900 position descriptions were written or reviewed
and allocated; of these, 215 involved Central Office pos i t i ons, I 45 of
which arose from the reorganization program.
Over 17,000 treatments were given by the Health Unit during
the fiscal year. Approximately 6,000 sick leave applications were
processed by the nurses. Seven hundred and thirty-four character
and loyalty investigation reports were processed; 39 d i sc I p I inary
cases were adjudicated and appropriate action taken; fifty-one ap-
plications were processed for retirement under Public Law 879> and
over 1,600 employee service interviews were conducted.
Participation by employees in Group Hospitalization and
Credit Union continued to be active during the year.
Fede ra
F i nance
Gene ra I . — During the fiscal year 1952, the Finance Branch of
the Administrative Division accomplished two rnajor objectives in
fulfilling its responsibility under the Accounting and Procedures
Act of 1950 to establish and maintain an adequate and complete
accounting system.
The first step was the installation in September 195', of an
accounting system for reporting expenditures by activity. These
activities are nine in number, namely. Inspection, Detention and
Deportation, Naturalization, Border Patrol, Investigations, Alien
Registration, Field Administrative Services, Executive Direction,
and Central Administrative Services. This reporting process will
give more appropriate support for the performance budget.
The second step was the preparation and distribution of an
accounting manual prescribing a decentralized accounting system
for the Service, effective July I, 1952. The system is based on
branch-office accounting methods, whereby each District Director
s allotted funds on a quarterly and annual basis to operate his
District. Under this system each district office will maintain
its own accounting records and the Central Office will be advised
as to the budgetary status of funds on a monthly report basis. Con-
trol accounts over the districts will be maintained in the Finance
Branch in the Central Office.
The accompi ishment of these two major objectives stems from the
programs prescribed by the Congress through the Accounting Systems
Division of the General Accounting Office, The Service has been
commended by that Office for its steps forward in the accounting
field. Future objectives are the insta! I at i on of cost accounting
/5 -
methods wherever appropriate and the Gommencemerit of an on-the-site
audit of our account i ng records by t he Genera :■ Account i ng Office.
Extra Compensation under the Act of March 2, 193' There were
five accountings totaling $ i , 6 i2„ 7 ! ' cert i f i ed to the Ciaims Division,
General Accounting Office, for c i aims received n the Centra: Office
These claim's were based on the decision rendered May 6, '946. by
the U. S Court of C a i ms in the R e n n e r - K rupp cases. The Court
held that emp I oyees of thi s Service are entitled to extra compensation
under t he prov i s i ons of the Act of March 2 ;93i, fo'' overtime services
performed on Sundays and holidays in connection with the- exam i nat i on
and i and i ng, of passengers and crews arriving in the United States from
a foreign port by water, land or a r
The G'enerai Accounting Office has advised this Service that
settlements are being 'saued in the cases of t^s thre.e c I a'mants who
were seeking extri compensation fpr overt iirie services performed as
immig-rant inspectors on week-days and. -for W^^l^^h extra compensation
had not ai ready been pa.fd These settlements issued on these cases
covered extra compensation for overtime ser. ces renaered between
5;00 p.m and 8:00- a.m., outside of the regu;ar tour of duty pur-
suant to the provisions of the Act of March 2. 93 ' , i 46 Stat. 1467;,
There were approximately 4Q. ciaims received for extra compensa-
tion under the provisions of the Act of March 2, !93:, fo^ duties
performed as members of the Border Patrol of th's Service, These
cia.ms were denied for payment and returned to the Genera: Accounting
Off'ce as a ^esuit of the dec:sion i-endered by the U S, Court of
C'ams on January 6. 195 1; in the cases of Ha'-.y B. Greene No 474 8;
and Glen I. Toney, No. 475M, in which the Court heid that the
piatnt:ffs, Greene and Toney , were not ent t ed to recover under the
provisions of the Act of March 2, i 93 ' 146 Stat. i467-'468) for
duties performed by them while acting as members of the Border Patroi,
Immigration and Naturalization Service
There is still pending befO'^e the U S Court of C a ms. Peti-
tion No. 49879 filed October 23, !950, by four emp oyees of this
Service seeking to enforce their demands that immigrant inspectors
performing duties in a supervisory capac:ty are entitled to extra
compensation under the provisions of the Act of March 2, '93i. for
overtime services performed on Sundays and hondays
There have been approximately 877 emp, oyees and former employees
of this Service who have fi led suits n the U. S. Court of Claims
seeking to collect extra compensation under the provisions of the
Act of March 2, 193!, for-overtime services performed during fiscal
year i948 These suits are based on the dec s ion rendered June 6,
' 94 . by the U. S, Court of Claims in the cases of Thomas G Gibney ,
No 4857 2, Joseph M. Ahearn, -No. 4Q6I0, and Dona id M. Tay or.
No 486 M. The resuiti ng. certificationsfor s m .ar suits f.ied in
the Court of Claims tota! $586,467,07 w.th Court of C'a:ms judgments
- 76 -
in the amount of $532,683.8 1 having been rendered in favor of 764
of the approximately 877 claimants who have filed suits in the Court
of C I aims.
A total of approximately 500 individual claims were processed
during fiscal year 1952. Certifications in the total amount of
$80,539: 15 were prepared for approximately 65 of these claims. The
remaining claims were returned to the General Accounting Office with-
out certifications, either as a result of a Court of Claims decision
or because Service records d i d not reflect overtime services performed
for which extra compensation was due under the provisions of the Act
of March 2, 1931.
The table below gives a compar i son of account i ngs certified under
the May 6, 1946 precedent, both to the Court of Claims and the General
Account i ng Off ice.
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- 78 -
Financial Statement
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Fiscal Year 1952
Appropriation for the conduct of the Immigration and
Naturalization Service and the administration of the
Immigration and Naturalization Laws
Appropr i at i on :
Salaries and Expenses.
Reimbursements. .......
Total
$4 1,400,000.00
1.475.552. 51
$42,875,552.51
Less:
Reserve.
.............. 200 .000 .00
Total......... $42,675,552.51
Balanced against obligations
are collections as follows:
income and Source
( Co 1 1 ect i ons )
Copying Fees....
Clerks of Court Fees............
Fees and Permits
Head Tax
Sale of Government Property.....
Miscellaneous Col I ections. ......
Forfeitures and Bonds Forfeited.
Administrative Fines
Total .. .
; 22,504. 16
87 5,725.00
495,752.8 I
2,590,672.88
2,959.77
46,665.58
621,575.47
192.049.55
4.845.861.02
$57,829,49 1 29
Transfers From Other Agencies
Obligations against funds transferred
from: Displaced Persons Commission $
5 1 1,000.00
Less:
Unobligated balance.
10. 158.68
500.86 I ,52
Net cost of operations.
$58.550.552.6
- 79
' Budget
A tola, appropriation of $41,400,000 was made to the Service
for the fiscal year 1952, an increase of $7,000,000 over the amount
available for the preceding year. The 1952 annual appropriation
in the amount of $36,400,000 was included in the Department of State,
Justice, Commerce, and the Judiciary Appropriation Act, !952 i Pub i i c
Law 188, 82nd Congress, approved October 22, 1951). A supp.eraental
amount of $1,00,0,000 for inspection and processing of alien agri-
cultural laborers and to remove illegal aliens to Mexico was included
in the Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1952 T Public Law 255, 82nd
Congress, approved November i, 1951 ). A supplemental amount of
$1,390,000 to provide for establishing detention camps, strengthening
the Border Patrol, and air remova I of iliegai aliens was included in
the Third Supplemental Appropriation Act, i952 (Public Law 375,
82nd Congress, approved June 5, '952' Also included In the Third
Supplemental Appropriation /^ct was the sum of $2,610,000 to cover
increased pay costs authorized tjy Public Law ,20 I , 82nd Congress,
approved October 24, 195', increasing^ rates of compensation for
employees of the Federal Government, effective Juiy 8, '95'
Pursuant to Pub I i c Law 233, 82nd Congress, approved October 20,
' 95 ,, annual leave was reauced from 26 days to 3 days for employees
with I - than tfireeyears serviCR, and from 26 days to 20 days for employees
With three, but less than 15 years of service. Theoretically, con-
sidering the distribution of immigration and Naturalization Service
employees according to length of service, the change in the annual
i eave law shouid result in an increase of approximately 1,8 percent
in the amount of productive time. On this basis the Bureau of the
Budget required that the Service cut back its average employment
to a level equivalent to an annual saving of 141 positions.
Budgetary adjustments to meet special operational needs were
somewhat hampered during the fiscal year by reason of a statutory
I imitation upon the amount avai lable for personal services. Such a
I imitation was tantamount to operating two distinct appropriations,
requiring special accounting and controis and at the same time re
stricting flexibility of administration. This defeated, in part,
the improvement which accrued a few years ago when Congress saw fit
to combine several appropriations into a single lump sum appropria-
tion for all expenses of the Service,
By provision in Title V of the Independent Offices Appropria-
tibn Act, 1952 ( Pub I i c Law ! 57 , 82nd Congress, approved August 31,
i 95 I ) , the Congress authorized the head of each Federal Agency to
prescribe regulations covering fees, charges or prices for services,
permits, etc., where such are not covered by existing statutes.
Various Cong.ress i ona I Committee reports have stressed the importance
of putting direct Government Services as nearly as possible on a fee
basis adequate to cover the costs. Recommendations concerning the
fixing of fees and charges were obtained from each District Director
and Assistant Commissioner. Consideration of these recommendations
- 80 -
and the drafting of appropriate regulations were in progress at the
close of the fiscal year.
The six months extension granted on June 28, 1951, upon certain
provisions of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948, as amended, required
revision of program and budget schedules to permit operation in anti-
cipation of appropriation of supplemental funds consistent with the
law's extension. Uncertainty as to availability of funds on this
project continued throughout the year, requiring frequent reassess-
ments of needs and justification therefor to the Displaced Persons
Commission, the Bureau of the Budget and Congress.
Space. Services and Supplies
Space. — The need of suitable housing for our offices continues
to be one of our most urgent requirements. In districts which have
many small ports, adequate offices for border inspections and suit-
able living quarters for i nspectors at i so I ated locations are urgently
needed. Over 100 building projects to relieve space problems have
been recommended to the General Services Administration, but such
construction is dependent upon authorization by Congress. During
the past year, the General Services Administration took over many
leases covering space occupied by this Service.
A new suboffice was established at Billings, Montana,
After several years of negotiations, a privately-owned build-
ing is being erected at Pigeon River, Minnesota, to house the i n-
spectional activities of this Service and the Customs Service. The
building is being occupied under a leasing arrangement. New quarters
were constructed for the use of the Border Patrol at Baltimore,
Maryland, which are leased to this Service.
Plans and specifications were prepared and a contract awarded
for the erection of a 200-man detention f ac i I I ty at Chu I a Vista,
Ca i i f orn i a.
Office space in the Central Office was reassigned as a result
of the reorganization program.
Se rv i ces . --Du ring the past year, an additional muitilith
machine was purchased for use in the Duplicating Unit. During the
year a total of 15,883,815 sheets were duplicated.
Plate making equipment was purchased for the Photo Laboratory,
This consists of a muitilith camera, arc lamps, vacuum frame and
wh i r I e r.
The program to convert many of the AM radio stations to FM was
continued. Fourteen FM repeater stations have been installed or are
in the process of being installed on mountain-top or high tower lo-
cations. Fifteen fixed stations, a few of which are in the installa-
tion stage, are being provided.
- 81 -
On June 25. !952; a contract was awarded for the elimination of
fire hazards on Eiiis island.
Initial steps were taken to convert the electric power on El Ms
Island from dc to ac current and to purchase the required electric
power instead of generating it This is a continuing program.
A Civil Defense program was inaugurated n the Central Office.
Approximately 85 employees were trained as wardens and first-aid
workers.
Equipment and Stipplies. — Du.ring; the fiscal year '952 the
activities of the Tabulating Unit reached a new peak. Approximately
' 3. 000,000 punched cards were processed that reiated to the compil-
ing of statistics on £^i i types of aliens, the Files Decentralization
Program, and the Accounting and Activity Pay Ro I i Additional types
of information emanating from punched cards during '952 were Look-
out Notices and Alien Travel Control, which resulted in a sharp
rise in tabulating work.
The Internal Security Act of I950 aiso p.aced upon the Tabu-
lating Unit the responsibility of com pi ling several types of reports
for the Immigration and Naturalization Service and other govern-
mental intelligence agencies This information was. and is^obtained
from approximately 2, 300,, 000 'c ards.
During the past fiscal year purchase orders were issued for two
hundred and eleven passenger carrying vehic.es. These included
passenger cars, busses, and station wagons Of this number^ 1 50
represented replacements. Aiso during the year.se.enty-five. trucks
were purchased of which 28 were replacements
A 40-foot boat was purchased during the year. This wi i i be
used for pat ro i work off the Florida coast.
Management Improvement Program
Forms Cont roj . --The Forms Control Program which is now in its
second year of operation represents an effective management tool to
eliminate duplication of effort and to keep man power requirements
to a minimum where necessary records must be created and processed.
The Forms Control Program provides for improvement in forms design,
consolidation or elimination of overlapping forms, standardization
of format and wording, and clearance with the Bureau of the Budget
when requ i red .
During the latter part of fiscal year '952, the Forms Program
was extended to include forms used primarily at district level. An
analysis is presently underway to standardize district forms and to
eliminate unnecessary forms ' All districts ha>/e forwarded copies of
forms designed and, rep,roduce,d. locally for analysis.
- 82 -
Seven hundred and sixty eight forms were reviewed during the
fiscal year. Of these, 100 were new forms, !7! were forms requiring
revision, and 448 were approved for reprint without change, 49 forms
were eliminated. Seventy-one of the forms approved required Bureau
of the Budget approval.
Administrative Manual and Other Administrative Releases. — Dur i ng
the year there were released 13 Administ rat ive Manuai Transmittal Memo%
encompassing 1 49 new and revised pages of instruction and 42 exhibits
Four revision sheets requiring pen and ink insertions and changes
were also released. Among the releases were new i nstruct i ons for exe-
cuting contracts, revised filing procedures, institution of a compre-
hensive motor vehicle expense and mai ntenance program, the institution
of various statistical reports, instructions fortheuse of Government
property and records, and disposal schedules for certain files and
other miscel ianeous instructions. Several new series of code words
and a number of revisions vyere devised and released as a part of the
Telegraphic Code. Work was continued in bringing up to date the
numbered releases known asthe Centra: Office Memo Series which neces-
sitated the rev i s i on and elimination of much of the obsolete material.
Review of Service Reports. — At the suggestion of the District
Directors Conference, a committee was established to analyze and re-
view the operating reports presently being received by the Service.
The committee found a lack of a central i zed control in the Central
Office for the reports requested from the districts. This led to
duplication of items in reports received by different operating
divisions in the Central Office and in the fai lure on the part of
the operating divisions to use data already aval i ab I e in the Central
Office. It was found too, that there was a tendency to continue
indefinitely a report which was requested for a particular purpose
and for which purpose the report was no longer required. As a re-
sult of the survey 37 of the 94 reports being received in the Central
Office were discontinued, 19 reports were revised and 38 reports
were continued in their present status. The committee also recom-
mended the establishment of a permanent Central Office control of
reports. The control requires the designation of a Reports Control
Officer by whom al I new reports must be approved and the estabi ish-
ment of a permanent committee to give periodical review to al i Out-
Stand i ng reports.
Work Measu rement . --The work measurement reporting system, which
has been in effect since 1947, required complete revision. After re-
view by Central Office representatives and the field offices, a draft
was drawn upwhich served as a working basis for the reports committee
work. The committee established the principle that the work measure-
ment system was the basic operating work report for the Service Ai I
other reports were to supplement this report on a more or less tempo-
rary basis.
Survey of Lookout System. --A survey of the lOokout system of
3" x 5" cards listing the name and identifying information for those
- 83 -
aliens whose admission or departure the Service desired to prevent
because of criminal, narcotic, subversive, etc. charges, revealed
the fact that thesystem was cumbersome and inefficient.
The objective of the survey was to develop a better lookout
system which would provide each Immigrant Inspector with a complete,
portable, andreadily accessible iist of aliens on whom the Service
had issued lookouts
The system devised places ah information concerning "lookouts"
into a portable loose-ieaf book, which 1 s kept cu r rent through the
use of tabulating and photographic equipment.
The advantages are; (!) An Immigrant Inspector can carry with
him a iist of ail names of aliens on whom the Service has "lookouts"
in loose- leaf form This will enabie the inspector to make a quicker
and more certain identification of inadmissible aliens. (2> 't makes
it poss i b i e for the inspector to render quicker service to the public.
', 3 ) The mechanical means of reproducing the lookout notices is econo-
mical in terms of time and personnel
Motor Vehicle Prog ram.---Pr i or to this fiscai year, the Service
did not have a formal automotive maintenance program. procedures
have now been developed to furnish complete accounting data relating
to the automobiles in the Service fieet. These procedures together
With others which had been developed as a part of the Motor Vehic'e
Management Program will insure that proper preventive maintenance
measures are being observed; that operating supplies such as gaso--
■ ine and oi i are being procured at lowest cost, that ordinary main-
tenance and repairs are effected with a maximum of efficiency and
.economy; and that manpower engaged i n t he automot i ve program is produc-
ing fully with respect to both quality and quantty Deta'-ied in-
structions and relating forms have been reproduced, distributed
and will become effective with the month of Juiy.
Warrant Docket Control -—During the latter part of the fiscai
year '952, a procedure for. a uniform controi of Warrant of Arrest
cases was prepared. The procedure provides that complete informa
t i on will be available on aii warrant cases from the time the Warrant
of Arrest is issued unt i i such time as the case is concluded. The
i6 district offices of the Service wi.i maintain a district control
over the progress of each individual case in their district while
the Central Office wili be provided with a quantitative control over
aii Warrant of Arrest cases in process. Control is ma'ntained through
the use of a Service-wide standard muiti-copy form. The original copy
becomes the Master District Control Record and the first carbon copy
is senttothe Central Office asthe i n it i al report . The original copy
is maintained at district levei in the visible index system (alpha-
bet i ca I i .
The remai n I ng, cop I es are usecj for reporting subsequent actions.
When deportat ion .or other final action has occurred, the original
- 84 -
Master District Control Record is forwarded to the Central Office.
Where the final action results in the expulsion of the alien, the
original copy of Control Form is cut to 3" x 5" card size in the
Central Office and sent to the State Department as their record of
the case.
The proposed system which will be installed during the first
part of fiscal year 1953, will provide 100 percent coverage control
of warrant cases. In the past, such control has never been extended
to all cases and has been maintained on individual district basis.
The procedure also wi I I el iminate the use of certain reports now re-
quired to be forwarded to the Central Office on selective types of
c ases.
M i c rof i I m Prog ram. — a. Naturalization Certificate Files. — The
microfilming of the Naturalization Certificate Files was initiated
at the beginning of the fiscal year. Approximately 20,000,000 ex-
posures were completed during the year with the result that approxi-
mately 5,20-0,000 of the 6,500,000 naturalization files scheduled for
microfilming were photographed.
Themicrofilming of the Naturalization Certificate Files is con-
sidered as a major step in combating the increasing volume of Service
f i 1 es which present housing and maintenance problems. Also the ' f i I m-
I ng of these records provides security thereby el iminating the pos-
sibility that the records might be destroyed by fire or other catas-
trophe. The remaining Naturalization Certificate Files will be
microfilmed during the first half of fiscal year 1953 When completed
all naturalization documents, with the exception of the normal ac-
cumulation required for operating purposes, will be on film. This
program integrates the microti Im operation into the regular f i les
program of the Service. When completed, approximately 12,000 square
feetoffloor space will bereleased for more urgent needs. The mic ro-
film file requires only several hundred square feetoffloor space for
i ts operat i on.
b. Service-wide Microfilm Program.. — The Service completed a
survey of records adaptable to microfilm and has made recommendations
concerning the installation and operation of such a program. This
program, which is Servi ce-wi de, will involve the mic ro filming of ap-
proximately 6,000,000 manifest records at the various ports, 4,000,000
non- i mmi g rant visas housed in the Central Office, and 11,000,000 i and
border port manifests. In addition, the Service is proposihg the
microfilming for security purposes, the Alien Index, the Naturaliza-
tion Index and the Visa Index in the Central Office.
The program, which has now been forwarded to National Archives
for review, will bring current the microfilming of manifest records
at the ports. The microti Iming of manifests was initiated in 1944
and to date work on this phase of microti Iming has gone fo rwa rd i n
five of the Service's !6 districts. When completed ai ; passenger
manifests up to 1948 wi 1 1 be on microti Im, wh i le ai • crew manifests
- 8.5 -
up to the present date will be photographed For the period f o i I ow-
ing !948, it has been decided that the passenger manifests are a
records disposal program problem rather than one for microfilming
Alien Address Report Program, — The Internal Security Act of
1950 requi res that each ai ien resident in the United States on
January ' of each year report his address within 0 days of that
date to the Commissioner of the Immigration and Nat u ral i zat i on Service.
When the reporting system was initiated in 1951, the punched card
equipment was selected as the means of processing and tabulating the
reports. From experience gained during the initial report in January
195!^ modifications were made in the system to the extent that tabu-
lating procedures were shortened and at the same time a more positive
control oyer the individual reports was established. In addition^ a
major operation carried forward in i95' was eliminated - that of fil-
ing the actual reports In the individual aliens' files. Under the
'952 program the reports are to be placed in numerical sequence and
microfi imed„ This change in procedure el iminates a .arge scale f i i -
1 ng operation and at the same time creates a sing e central r zed re-
cord for reports submitted in any single report'ng year
By the end of June 1952, approximately 2, '25,000 reports had
been received for the reporting year 1952. Punched cards had been
prepared from which lists containing the names and addresses of
aliens by a specified nationality or geographic ocation could be
prepared at immediate notice. This "security deck" is available to
furnish such information to other Government agencies shou.d the
need arise.
Decent ra I i zat i on. — The procedure for decentralization of f : i es
is under constant rev iew and ref 1 nement . During the year an addition-
al means of act Ivating fiiesfor decentraiizationwas added to current
procedure. The address reports submitted by aliens during January
of each year wiM be used to supplement the normal decentralization
requests received from the districts The address reports which con-
tain the current addfess of the aiien are used on a se ect , , e bas s
to build up the decentralization rates for the districts, Du'ing
the last quarter of fiscal year 1952. approximately i05,000 f'es
were decentralized through the use of the address reports
Work Simplification. — Work on analysis charts covering selective
field operations was continued dur.ng the-year. Also, sim; lar charts
were prepared for Central Office operations. These charts have been
used by Central Office officials and district officials as guides
in establishing uniform and standardized procedures. The charts
have proved particularly helpful in simplifying and unifying files
operations andwarrant processing, it is the objective of the Service
to have such charts established for all major operations and avaii-
ab 1 e for imnied'ate use by all authorized personnel.
Service Suggestion System. — The Service Suggestion System which
- 86 -
was revitalized in fiscal year 195 1 continued at a rapid pace. Sug-
gestions from the field are first reviewed by the District Suggestion
Committee for approval or disapproval. The suggestions are then for-
warded to the Central Office for action by a committee composed of
top level officials. Those suggestions involving monetary awards
are further cleared through the Departmental Committee. At the be-
ginning of the year 104 suggestions were on hand for action before
the Central Office Committee. An additional 90 were received during
the fiscal year. The committee acted on a total of 153 suggestions
during the year. Of this number, jgwere adopted; four of the 16 were
recommended for cash awards. During the latter part of fiscal year
1952 a publicity campaign was initiated for the Service Suggestion
Program. Posters for bulletin boards, we re made available to aii
offices of the Service.
Records Administration
The most important accomplishment during the year affecting
records administration was the adoption of a new procedure for Service
files, providing that all Service files for aiiens opened in the
future wi I I bear either an "A", "V" or "T" number, depending on the
status of the subject. The system is designed to meet the require-
ments of the new Immigration and Nationality Act concerning a centra:
index of al I al i ens admitted to or excluded from the country. It
also provides for the d i spos i t i on of the various types of files to
be created, and constitutes in substance the records control schedule
required by GSA Regulations 3-IV-I0I.03.
The Service during the year had additional disposal lists and
schedules approved by Congress, and made excel lent progress in the
disposition of inactive records. Several districts were able to dis-
pose of all records for which disposal authority had been obtained,
and in each case reported increased efficiency in operations. Practi-
cally all districts made substantial progress in their records re-
tirement programs, and 15,947 cubic feet of record and non-record
material were disposed of in the field during the fiscal year. The
Central Office disposed of 1,971 cubic feet. Before the close of the
year, certificate files through number 5,259,999 had been micro-
filmed, but the paper had not been destroyed. Four freight cars
have been loaded and shipped since that time.
The decentralization of "A" files has progressed satisfactorily,
and during the last three months of the yea^r funds were available to
double the rate of decentralization, using address report cards as
activators in addition to new visas, requests from the field and
change of address reports. During the year 587,330 flies were de-
centralized, making a total since March I, 1950 of 1,303,412. The
activating media for decentralization are distributed as follows:
New V i sas. ........... 5 18, 80 I
Request^ .ffqm field.. 623,696
Change of address..., 56,039
Address reports. .... . 104,876
APPENDIX I
JUDICIAL OPINIONS IN LITIGATION AFFECTING THE SERVICE ANNOUNCED
DURIMG THE FISCAL YEAR. (ONLY OPINIONS PRINTED IN THE PUBLISHED
REPORTS ARE LISTED. THERE ARE ALSO NUMEROUS UNREPORTED DECISIONS).
UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS
United States v. Sine! ro. 190 F. 2cl (C. A. 3); United States v. Yin Liu.
190 F. 2d 400 (C. A. 2);- Kawakita v. United States. 1 90 F. 2d 506 ( C. A. 9);
U.S. ex rel. Rubio v. Jordan. 190 F. 2d 575 (C.A. 7 ): Stevens v. United
States, 190 F. 2d 880 ( CA .7); Acheson v. Kuni.yuki . I90f. 2d 897 (C.A. 9);
Paiz-Nunez V. united States, 191 F. 2d 146 (C.A. 9); Zimmer v. Acheson.
191 F. 2d 209 (C.A. 10); U. S. ex rel. Adamant ides v. Neel »y. 191 F. 2d
997 (C. A. 7 ); D' Aquino v. United States. 192 F. 2d33e (C.A. 9); Sepul vida
V. Squier. I92F. 2d 796 (C.A. 9): U.S. ex re I . Kwono Hai Chew v. Col d i nq.
192 F. 2d 1009 (C.A. 2); Uhited Sfates v. Jen Foon. 193 F. 2d I 17 ( C. A. 8);
United States v. Sine! ro. 193 F.2d 136 (C.A. 3); Machado v. McGrath.
193 F. 2d 706 (C.A. D.C.); Mandol i v. Acheson. I93F. 2d 920 (C.A. D.C. );
United States v. Kwan Shun Yue. 194 F. 2d 225 (C.A. 9); Krausse v.
United States. I94F. 2d 440 (C.A. 2); U.S. ex rel .Young v. Shauqhness.y.
194 F. 2d 4 74 (C.A. 2); Reved i n v. Acheson. 194 F. 2d 482 (C. A. 2); U. S.
ex rel . Kustas v. Wi II iams. 194 F. 2d 642 (C.A. 2); Sohaiby v. Savorett i ,
195 F. 2d 139 (C.A. 5); Seqret i v. Acheson. 195F. 2d 205 (C.A. D.C. )
United States Lines Co. v. Shauqhnessy. 195 F. 2d 385 I C. A. 2); Andqo^-
I apos V. Johnson. 195 F. 2d 444 (C.A. 4); Kokoris v. Johnson. 195 F.
2d 518 (C.A. 4); Acheson v. Albert. 195 F. 2d 573 (C.A. D.C);
goq i at i z i s v. Ha! I . 195 F. 2d 66 1 (C.A. 4); United States v. Lutwack.
195 F. 2d 748 (C.A. 7); U.S. ex rel. Meze i v. Shauqhnessv. 195 F. 2d
964 (C.A. 2); Sardo v. McGrath. I96F. 2d20 (C.A. D.C); Wong Wing Foo
V. McGrath. 196 F. 2d 120 (C.A. 9); Mi randa v. United States. 196 F.
2d 408 (C.A. 9); Bisceg I ia v. .Acheson. 196 F, 2d 865 (C.A. D.C);
Acheson v. Wohlmuth, 196 F. 2d 866 (C.A. D.C. ) : U. S. ex rel Catalano
V. Shauqhnessv. 197 F. 2d 65 (C.A. 2); Ke II y v . United States. 197 F.
2d 162 (C.A. 5); Martinez v. Neel ly. 197 F. 2d 462 (C.A. 7).
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURTS
Lum Man Sing v. Acheson. 98 F. Supp. 777 (D Hawaii); U. S. ex rel.
Bittelman v. District Director, 99 F. Supp. 306 ( SD NY); Qkimura v.
Acheson, 99 F. Supp. 587 (D Hawaii); Murata v. Acheson. 99 F. Supp.
591 (D Hawaii); United States v. Spector. 99 F. Supp. 778 ( SD Cal.);
Federici v. Mi I ler. 99 F. Supp. 962 (WD Pa.); Federici v. Clark. 99
F. Supp. 1019 (WD Pa.); Petition of Sad in. 100 F. Supp. 14 ( SD NY);
In re Bespatow. 100 F. Supp. 44 (WD Pa.); Petition of Wi I! is. 100 F.
Supp. 337 (ED Va. ); Petition of Contreras. 100 F. Supp. 4I9(SD Cal.);
Sannino v. Bode. 100 F. Supp. 897 (WD Mo. ); United States v. Anzalone.
100 F. Supp. 987 (WD Pa. ); U.S. ex rel. Burleigh v. Shauqhnessv. 100
F. Supp. 993 (SD NY); United States Lines v. Shauqhnessv. 10 1 F.Supp.
61 (SD NY); U. S. ex rel. Mezei v. Shauqhness.y. 101 F. Supp. 66
'SD NY); Boissonnas v. Acheson. 101 F. Supp. 138 ( SD NY); Petition of
Mo.y Jeunq Dun. 10 1 F. Supp. 203 (D NJ); De Gi ro I amo v. Acheson. 10 1
F. Supp. 380 (DC DC); Aiexiou v. McGrath. 10 1 F. Supp. 421 : DC DC ) ;
Grass! v. Acheson. 10 1 F. Supp. 431 (DC DC); U. S. ex rel . Hadrosek
V. ShauQhness.y. 101 F. Supp. 432 ( SD NY); Spector v. Landon. 101 F.
Supp. 439 ( SD Cal.); Application of Mannerfrid, 10 1 F. Supp. 44 6
( SD NY); U. S. ex rel. Di Dente v. Ault. 101 F. Supp. 496 ( ND Ohio);
Mori zumi v. Acheson. 10 1 F. Supp. 976 (ND Cal . ) :U. S. ex re I . Cec i I ia
V, U. S. Dept. of Justice. 102 F. Supp. 204 ( SD NY); U. S. ex rel. Lee
Ah Youw V. Shauqhnessy. 102 F. Supp. 799 ( SD NY);Medalha v. Shauqhness.y .
102 F. Supp. 950 ( SD NY); Lee Hung v. Acheson. 103 F. Supp. 35 ( D Nevada);
Scavone v. Acheson. 103 F. Supp. 59 ( SD NY); Paracchini v. McGrath.
103 F. Supp. 184 ( SD NY); Tom We Shunq v. McGrath. 103 F. Supp. 507
(DC DC); Kanbara v. Acheson. 103 F. Supp. 565 ( SD Cal . ):U. S. ex rel .
Rowaldt V. Shrode. 103 F. Supp. 752 (D Minn. ); Barsant i v. Acheson.
103 F. Supp. lOII ( D. Mass.); Jost v. Acheson. 104 F. Supp. 41
( SD NY); Petition of Yee Shee Dong, 104 F. Supp. 123 (ED Mich.);
Mazza v. Acheson. 104 F. Supp. 157 (ND Cal.); Scott v. McGrath. 104
F. Supp. 267 (ED NY); Vidal v Planas v. Landon. 104 F. Supp. 384 ( SD
Cal.); Ex parte Rogers. 104 F. Supp. 393 (D Guam); u. S. ex rel. Soo
Hoo Chew Yee v. Shauqhness.y. 104 F. Supp. 425 ( SD NY); United States
V. Kessler. 104 F. Supp. 434 (ED Pa.); Lee Pong Tai v. Acheson. 104
F. Supp. 503 (ED Pa.); United States v. Lazarescu, 104 F. Supp. 77 1
(D Md.); U. S. ex rel . Lee Ti I I Seem v. Shauqhnessy. 104 F. Supp. 819
( SD NY); Fukumoto v. Acheson. 105 F. Supp. I ( D Hawai i ); U.S. ex rel .
Kenq Ho Chang v. Shaughness.y , 105 F. Supp. 22 ( SD NY); U. S. ex rel.
Camezon v. District Di rector. 105 F. Supp. 32 ( SD NY); United States
V. De Cadena. 105 F. Supp. 202 (ND Cal . ); Zacharias v. McGrath. 105 F.
Supp. 421 (DC DC) Perri v. Acheson, 105 F. Supp. 454 (D NJ ) .
TABLE 1, IMMIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES
1820 ^ 1952
^rom 1820 to 186? figijxes represent alien passengers ?.rrivedj 1868 to 1891
inclusive and 189$ to 1897 inclusive immigrant aliens arrivedj 1892 to 1894
inclusive and from 1898 to the present time immigrant aliens admitted^
lear
persons
1820^1952 1/ 39.796
1820, o
1821-1830
1821 o o
18.22 » o
• 182^ o o
1824»o
1825 0 0
1826 0.
1827o.
1828 „„
1829,.
1830. o
1831-1840
1831.0
: '^32. ,
.■^^33 oo
J: - '.1
0 o
L8U-1850
1341 0 0
l=?Uo.
-^43 CO
1844 0 o
- a '. i.
' ■'*^y 0 0
1848.,
1849,.
1350.,
8,335
6,354
7.912
10, 199
10^8^7
IS, 8-75
275 3?^ 2
22^520
23p322
5990.25
22^ 6^-3
60,482
58p6*0
65.365
45.374
76. 242
79.340
38.914
68,0^.?
84. 056
1,713 .,251
80s?.S9
104,565
52.49^
78.6lr
114,371
154.416
234.563
226,52-^
297. 024
369.9s:
1851-1860
1851..
1852. .
1853..
1854, .
1855..
1856. .
1857..
1858,.
1859..
I860. .
1861-1870
1861, .
1862..
1863..
1864..
1865,.
1866,.
1867. .
1868, .
I869..
1870, .
1871-1880
1871.
1872,
1873.
1874.
1875.
1876,
1877.
1878.
1879.
1880,
1881^1890
1881c .
18o2o .
1883,.
2,^3.214
3. '■^.466
371.603
368,645
427,833
200,877
200,436
251,306
123,126
121,282
15 3 0640
2sJ.14^,82i
r^, 913
91,985
176,282
193,418
248,120
318., 568
315,722
138,840
3 =.2, ''68
3^7,203
2.812.191
3"4j350
4ai>,^06
459,803
313,339
227.498
169,986
141.357
138.469
177,826
45;-,257
6^'-, 431
788,992
603,322
N:.a3.ber
Year
: r>D«
1884, .
1885,.
1886, ,
1887o .
1888..
1889, ,
1890, ,
1891-1900
1891- ,
1892. ,
1893..
1894, .
1895 o.
1896.0
1897. ,
1898,0
1899,.
1900,.
1901-1910
I9OI0 0
1902, ,
1903c o
1904 00
1905,0
19060,
1907,0
1908,.
1909,,
1910, 0
1911-1920
1911,,
1912,,
1913 0.
1914.0
1915-
19160,
1917. .
;-'.592
395.346
334,203
490,109
546.889
444,427
455,302
560,319
579,663
439,730
235,631
258,536
343.267
230,832
229,299
311.715
448,572
i^ Z9S.<iM4
487.918
648,743
857.046
812,870
1,026,499
1,100,735
l5,aS5,349
782,870
751.786
1,041,570
875, 5S
838,172
1,197,8'32{
1,218,480!
326, 700
298,826
295,403.
Year
N\imber
of
persons
1918, ,
1919. .
1920, ,
1921=-1930
1921,0
1922,.
1923 00
1924 0 a
1925 00
1926. „
1927o o
1928,0
1929. ,
1930, o
1931=1940
1931 o ,
1932. o
1933 00
1934o o
1935 00
1936,0
1937o o
193800
1939,0
194O00
1941-1950
194I00
1942o o
lyi*.^ o o
L
1945.0
194600
194-^0 0
19480 o
1949.0
1950, ,
1951. o
19520..,
110,618
141,132
430, 001
4o 107, 209
805, 228
309,556
522, 919
706,896
294,314
304,488
335,175
307,255
279,678
241.700
528,, 431
97.139
35,576
23.068
29,470
34,956
36,329
50,244
67,895
82,998
70,756
51, 77"
28,781
23.725
28,551
38,119
108,721
147,292
170,570
188,317
249,187
205,717
265,520
Data are for fiscal ^^ears ended June 30. except 1820 to 1831 Inclusive and 1844 to 1849
inclusive fiscal vears ended Sept. 30; 1833 to 1842 inclijsive and I85I to 1867 inclu-
•sive years ended b--^c, 31; 1832 covers 15 months ended Deo. 31| 1843 nine months ended
3ept, 3O; 1850 fifteen months ended Dec, 31, and 1868 six months ended June 30,
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 2. ALIENS AND CITIZENS ADMITTED AI\ID DEPARTED,
BY MONTHS:
YEAES ENDED JUNE 30, 1951 AND 1952
(Data exclude travelers between continental United States and insular posses-
sions, border crossers and agricultural laborers)
'eriod
L year 1951
)ec., 1950.
r
ist
ember
ber
mber
mber
une, 1951.
ary
aary
a
L
year 1952
3C.5 1951.
iit
jmber.....
jer
' iber... . . .
••iber. .....
Mne, 1952.
I .ry
>'■ ary. .....
'u
o«o«*oa«o
II
ALIENS ADMITTED
Tmnri —
grant
205.717
103.047
Nonimmi-
■ fi^ant
465.106
252,196
17,478
18, 690
15,987
lif,044
16,379
20,469
102. 670
18, 569
12,654
15,360
14,537
17,945
23,605
265.520
48, 522
47,226
52.485
39,981
29, 702
34, 280
Total
670,823
35^,243
66, 000
65, 916
68,472
54, 025
46, 081
54, 749
ALIENS DEPARTED
Emi-
grant
26,174
15.149
212.910 315,580
37,305
28,946
33,145
33,694
37,493
42,327
516.082
55,874
41, 600
48,505
48,231
55,438
65,932
3,803
2,921
2,468
2,075
1,599
2,283
11,025
Nonemi-
grant
446,727
236,003
2,023
1,635
1,661
1,686
1,809
2,211
-
781.602 21.880
135,617
17, 943
18, 020
19, 001
25,847
28,347
26,459
129,903
252,519 388,136
27,792
19, 509
24,201
21,142
18,898
18,361
47,575
47.411
55,135
40. 565
35.882
25,951
263,563
58.367
36. 742
38.130
39.712
41^ 636
48,976
65,518
65,431
74,136
66,412
64,229
52,410
393,466
12.397
86,159
56,251
62,331
60,854
60, 534
67,337
2,658
2,474
2,197
1,834
1,606
1,628
9i483
47, 671
49,855
42, 969
34, 988
28, 632
31,888
210, 724
Total
472,901
251,152
26, 538
25,595
40, 983
38,970
37,659
40, 979
487.617
51,474
52, 776
45,437
37, 063
30,231
34,171
221,749
U. S, CITIZENS
Ar- j De-
rived I parted
197,922 j 760.486
104,091
1,661
1,417
1,439
1,518
1,704
1,744
243,182
42, 946
50, 785
45,352
36,424
33, Ul
34,534
28,561
27,230
42,644
40,656
39,468
43,190
509,497
14, 526
13,140
23, 035
16. 962
15,850
20,578
! 93.831
27,313
14.370
5,861
7. 575
15,970
22, 742
78, 030
96.425
88, 706
59, 768
46,242
44,810
667, 126
296. 532
81, 288
62.159
45,172
36, 200
31", 969
39,744
346.505 370,594
52, 209
59,093
63,969
60.854
51,413
58,-967
48,822
57,163
65, 028
58,242
58,259
83,080
272,1051 807,225 18143,282
45,604
53,259
47, 549
38,258
34, 747
36,162
244i43M 253,918
33, 938
32, 093
46, 209
49, 727
41, 602
40, 866
35>599
33,510
47, 648
51,245
43,306
42, 610
132,557
19.914
12.172
26.587
28,154
29,482
16,248
139,548
50,560
22, 741
14,683
9,609
17, 228
24,727
428. 580
74,203
95,978
86,849
65, 535
52,105
53,910
378.645
51,489
62,323
65, 747
62,431
59,462
77,193
^^^^014
865 433
75,748
51. 918
46,595
44.129
52,191
54,619
71,441
68, 726
72,338
80, 150
110, 001
iJ3ss of admissions over departures.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 3. ALIENS ADMITTED, BY CLASSES UM)ER THE BIMIGRATION LAWS,
YEARS ENDED JUWE 30^, 1948 TO 1952
/Tata exclude travelers between continental United States and insu-
lar possessions^ border crossers, and agricultural and railway
track laborers admitted from Mexico c
Class
ALIEIMS ADl'UTTED.oo
IMMIGRANTS 1/
Quota Immigrants
0UO0UO0000OO0OO00OO09
0OUOOO000O{>O00OO0OOU«O«0OOu400
OOOO 0000000000000000000600
' O O W O O u
> o 0 O O O O
Nonquota Immigrants oeooo»»ooooooooooo<.oooo
Husbands of Uo S„ citizens.
Wives of Uo So citizens,
Unmarried children of Uo S. citizens «
Natives of nonquota countries.
Their wives o o o ^ o » « «
Their unmarried children c
Ministers of religious denominations o .
Their wives „ o o „ o o . -
Their unmarried children^ „ o o
Professors of colleges ^ universities,
X X16^X^ Vv I'.r^o ooooooooooooouooouooooooooo
Their unmarried children o ooo««ooooo<.oo
Women who had been U, S„ citizenSooouooo
Other nonquota immigrants c
NONIMMIGRANTS 0
Government officialsn their familieSj
attendants^ sei^rants^ and employees.
Temporary visitors for business «,
Temporary irisitors for pleasxureo o o » « o c . t. o o
In continuous transit thr"! the Uo S„„„oooo
To carry on trade under treaty,,
Members of international organizations.
Returning residents c
Students „ oo :
Other nonimmigrants «
'ooooooeoooooooo
o ooooonoooooouoooooooooooooooo
' u <t 9 Q O
>oooooooooo
>o ooooooooo
'OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOA
<00O00U0O00C>0U000C0000O000k*O0O0
'OOOO-J^OOOOOOOOOOO 0OO4«O
16,. 822
78,876
206^10?
124. 780
711
4,059
32,464
11,914
273
13^722
73 n 338
225^745
81^615
632
4^723
36. 984
10,481
32
219^810
68. 640
766
5,010
40,903
9o744
20,881
83,995
230, 210
72o 027
850
5,526
44,212
7,355
50
22., 267
86,745
269^606
77,899
791
5,137
44,980
8,613
44
An immigrant is defined in statistics of the Service as an alien admitted for permanent
residence, or as an addition to the population, Therefore, students who are admitted
for temporary periods and returning resident aliens who have once been counted as
in!migranx.s are included with nonimmigrant s^ although Section 4 defines such classes as
iiraaigrants o
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 4. BOtLOiATION BI OOUNTEI, FOa DECADES:
1820 to 1952 1/
^rom 1820 to 1867 figures represent alien passeigers arrivadj 1868 to 1891 Inclusive and
1895 to 1897 inclusire ijaniigrant aljens arrived; 1892 to 1(594 inclusive and from 1898 to
present time immigrant aliens admitted. Data far years prior to 1906 relate to country
whence alien came; thereafter to country of last permanent residence. Because of changes
in boundaries and changes in lists of countries, data for certain countries are not com-
parable throughout,?
Countries
1820
1821-1830 ' 1831-1840 1841-1850
1851-1860
1861-1870
LI countries
Europe ,
Austria-Hungary 2/, . , , . . .
Belgium
Denmark
France
Germany 2/
(England, ........
n®fx . (Scotland
Britain(^^^gg
(Not specified 2^
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Norway) ,
Sweden) i/
Poland y
Portugal
Spain
Switzerland
Turkey in Exirope
Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics 6/.,
Other Europe
Hsia.. „
China
India
Japan 2J
Turkey in Asia 8/
Other Asia
^erica
Canada and Newfoundland ^
Mexico 10/
West Indies ,
Central America
South America.
Ifrica
Australia & New Zealand....
_«'ot specified
5s footnotes at end of table.
8,^81
7»6?1
1
20
371
968
1,782
268
360
3,6U
30
49
5
35
139
31
1
14
1
1
J8L
209
1
164
2
11
301
143.439 599.125 1.713.251
2.598,214
2t?14i824
98.817 495,688
75
3
10
11.564
2,277
4,817
3,834
105
531
16
3?|032
22
1,063
45,575
152,454
7,611
2,667
185
65,347
49
207,381
2,253
1,412
1,201
369
829
2,125
4,821
7
277
40
J^
8
39
J2
42^
^624
13,624
6,599
12,301
44
856
i,??7t?oi
2,452.660
2,065,270
5,074
539
77,262
434,626
32,092
3,712
1,261
229,979
16
780,719
1,870
8,251
13,903
105
550
2,209
4,644
59
551
79
82
35
36
11
62,469
54
69.911
41,723
3,271
13,528
368
3,579
55
4,738
3,749
76,358
951,667
247,125
38,331
6,319
132,199
31
914,119
9,231
10,789
20,931
1,164
1,055
9,298
25,011
83
457
5
4ii4?^
41,397
43
15
74.720
59,309
3,078
10,660
449
1,224
210
29,169
7,800
6,734
17,094
35,986
787,468
222,277
38,769
4,313
341,537
72
435,778
11,725
9,102
(71,631
(37,667
2,027
2,658
6,697
23,286
129
2,512
8
64,630
64,301
69
186
2
72
166.607
153,878
2,191
9,046
95
1,397
312
36
17.969
United States Department of Justice
iDBoigratlon and Naturalization Service
TABLE 4. IMmCiRATION BY OOUNTRY, FOR DECADESs
1820 to 1952 1/ (Continued)
Countries
1871-1880
1881-1890
1891-1900
1901-1910
1911-1920
All coTin tries.
Europe
Austria) ,
Hungary) sJ *
Belgium ,
Bulgaria 11/
Czechoslovakia 12/
Denmark
Finland 12/
France
Germany 2/
^England
Great (Scotland
Britain(wales
(Not specified "^ ,
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Norway ij
Sweden y
Poland ^
Portugal
Rumania }^
Spain
Switzerland.
Turkey in Eiirope
Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics 6/...
Yugoslavia 11/
Other Europe
Asia
China
India
Japan "jj
Turkey in Asia 8/,
Other Asia
^erica
Canada and Newfoundland ^ ,
Mexico 10/
West Indies
Central America.
South America
2.812.191
5.246.613 3. 687. 56/.
8. 7??, 386
5.735.811
2.272.262 4.737.046! 3.558.978
8.136.016
4. 376. 564
Ifrica
Australia and New Zealand,
i^acific Islands
<ot specified li^/.
72,969 i
7,221
72,206
718,182
437,706
87,564
6,631
16,142
210
436,871
55,759
16,541
95,323
115,922
12,970
14,082
11
5,266
28,293
337
39,284
1,001
353,719
20,177
31,771 88,132
123.823
123,201
163
149
>7
243
^C4«Q^
383,640
5,162
13,957
157
1,128
358
9,886
1,028
790
50,464
1,452,970
644,680
149,869
12,640
168
2,308
655,482
307,309
53,701 ,
176,586 \
391,7761
51,806 ■
16,978
6,348
4,419
81,988 1
1,562
213,282
682
68.380
61,711
269
2,270
2,220
1,910
^6.967
393,304
1,913
29,042
404
2,304
857
7,017
5,557
789
592,707
18,167
160
50,231
30,770
505,152
216,726
44,188
10,557
67
15,979
388,416
651,893
26,758
95,015
226,266
96,720
27,508
12,750
8,731
31,179
3,626
505,290
122
71.236
14,799
68
25,942
26,799
3,628
38.972
3,311
971
33,066
549
1,075
350
2,740
1,225
14.063
2,145,266
41,635
39,280
65,285
73,379
3a, 498
388,017
120,469
17,464
167,519
339,065
2,045,877
48,262
190,505
249,534
69,149
53,008
27,935
34,922
79,976
1,597,306
665
56^
64S
243,^67
20,605
4,713
129,797
77,393
11,059
361.888
179,226
49,642
107,548
8,192
17,280
7,368
11,975
1,049
??|52?
(453,649
(442,693
33,746
22,533
3,426
41,983
756
61,897
143,945
249,944
78,357
13,107
184,201
146,181
,109,524
43,718
66,395
95,074
4,813
89,732
13,311
68,611
23,091
54,677
921,201
1,888
8,111
1,
192.559
21,278
2,082
83,837
79,389
5,973
liH3,671
742,185
219,004
123,424
17,159
41,899
8,443
12,348
1,079
l'H7
>ee footnotes at end of table.
.United^ States D,^
ration and
of Justice
at ion Service
TABLE 4„ IMMIGRATION BY COUNTRY, FOR DECADES:
1820 to 1952 1/ (Continued)
Total 133 yrs,
1820-1952
rope
/abania Ig
Austria 2
Hungary 2/
Belgium
Bulgaria 11/
Czechoslovakia 12/
Denmark
istonia 12/ » . . .
i-inland 12/.«.c
' ranee c •oo«»«9«9oc»«»»oeoc
terraany 2/ ........ .
(England,
rreat (Scotland.
Britain (Wales
(Not specified 2/
reXancL. ..........oo.
UaXy. woooo.eo.e.o.o.
atVia lie/ ft.eeo*9«..e
ithiiania 12/
uxembourg 12/. »
etherlands
orway Z^/ . . o » o
oland ^
ortugal
umania 1^/ « o „
pain
witserland. „o
arkey in Europe
aion of Soviet
Socialist Republics
ugoslavia li/.
ther Europe.
o o V « • a •
oo»«eoo«
« e o o o 0
>0 «9iS9««9«00
0*00'
9 e 9 o «
• o o o <
O « W O <
ooooa94*e'
'oooooft««dO
O • O U 4
0 o o e I
iOO«0«OOOI
ooouoooo ooooe
• • o 0 '
O C O O I
i0OO'>0O0OO«*Oe9OOC>^6
OW^nftVOO^OO*
0O«OO«OOO<
6/.,
>ao9«*o*o
I tf O O O 9 O O I
nina.. .....,........<
adia. *..
ipan 2/. •••
irkey in Asia 8/, . . . ,
ther Asia. ..........
,?■?, 85:
1,663
32,, 868
30„680
15 0 846
2,945
102a94
32,430
1,576
16, 691
49,610
412,202
157o420
15 9 o 781
13,012
51.084
220, 591
455,315
3,399
6„015
727
26,948
68, 531
227, 734
29^994
67, 646
28.958
97,249
29,676
14,659
61,742
49,064
9,603
J o rt e ) • »
97., 400
29, 907
1,886
33,462
1^.165
12, 980
21,756
6,887
735
9,119
13,167
68,028
1,192
2,201
565
7,150
4,740
17^026
3,329
3,871
3,258
3,960
5,512
737
1,356
5,835
2,361
15,344
4,928
496
1,948
328
7,644
85
24,860
3,469
12,189
375
8,347
5,393
212
2,503
38,809
226,578
112,252
16,131
3,209
8,973
26,967
57,661
361
683
820
14,860
10,100
7,571
7,423
1,076
2,898
10,665
10,547
580
548
1,576
3,983
31,780
16,709
1,761
1,555
218
11,537
532
4,573
87,755
12,393
2,309
196
4,459
3,144
8, 958
5
8
51
3,062
2„289
98
1,0?8
104
442
2,022
i,485
118
2,354
• > e o o <
3,203
?n^28
175,142
66,241
128,499
342,646
2,301
23,128
643,258
6,440,520
2,78^,375
755,604
90,04?
79/^, 689
451,036
4,625,745
4,797,184
4,967
8c 927
2,253
274, 741
819, 598
422,659
265,498
158,159
173,944
1,231,913
309,214
156,665
3,343,916
59,144
28,623
• •ei eooo9o«<
963,568
o • • • • • •
5,116
399,480
11,866
283,231
205,596
63,395
e footnotes at end of table ^
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 4o IMMIGRATION BY COUNTRY, FOR DECADES s
1820 to 1952 1/ (Continued)
Countries
1921-1930 1931-1940
1941-1950
Total 133 Yrs.
1820-1952
JiIIl6Z*2.Cd OOOOOOCOO0OOOOOOCOCOO
Canada and Newfoundland 2/
J<l6^CXC0 XU/ oOOVOUOOOOOOOOOtf
nCSXf J.nQX6S oao«o»ooooooo*o
Central America
South America
Other America 16/,
1,516.716 160.037
oo((OOev>CfOUO
OtfOOOOOOOOO
eeoooooo
AlI*lCa 9009000009000000000000
Australia and New Zealand. „ o
Pacific Islands 1$/,
Not specified 1477o c
000900000
O o O u O O a .
92*^,515
459,287
74.899
15 n 769
42,215
31
OOOOOOOOOOO
6j286
8.299
427
228
H
2/
2/
12/
12/
11/
y^/
Li/
L6/
108, 52?
22o319
15,502
5,861
7.803
25
lOOOOOOCOOO
1,750
2j231
780
^^4.804
171^718
60,589
49,725
21,665
21.831
29,276
ceosodooooo
4.864.950
7,367
13,805
5,437
142
,236,680
854,076
509,270
75,467
151,320
38,137
oooooeoooo«**«
35,203
69,372
19^880
254.236
Data are for fiscal years ended June 30^ except 1820 to I83I inclusive and 1844 to 1849
inclusive fiscal years ended Sept^ 30; 1833 to 1842 inclusive and 1851 to 1867 inclusive
years ended Dec. 31| 1832 covers 15 months ended Deco 31| 1843 nine months ended Sept,
30| I85O fifteen months ended DeCo 31 and 1868 six months ended June 3O0
Data for Austria-Hungary were not reported until I86I0 Austria and Hxmgary have been
recorded separately since 1905o In the years 1938 to 1945 inclusive Austria was in-
cluded with Germany^
United Kingdom not specifiedo In the years 1901 to 1951.i included ia. other Europeo
From 1820 to 1868 the figures for Norway and Sweden were combinedo
Poland was recorded as a separate country from 1820 to 1898 and since 1920o Between
1899 and 1919 Poland v/as included with Austria-Hungary, Germany, and Russia.
Since 1931 the Russian Empire has been broken down into Europeain Russia and Siberia or
Asiatic Russia.
No record of immigration from Japan until 186l«
No record of immigration from T\ii-key in Asia until 1869o
Prior to 1920 Canada and Newfoundland were recortied as British North America o From
1820 to 1898 the figures include all British North American possessions.
No record of immigration from Mexico from 1886 to 1893'-
Bulgaria, Serbia-, and Montenegro were first reported in 1899o Bulgaria has been
reported separately since 1920 and in 1920 also a separate enumeration was made for
the Kingdom of Serbs. Croats, and Slovenes « Since 1922 the Serb, Croat, and Slovene
Kingdom has been recorded as Yugoslaviao
Countries added to the list since the beginning of World War I are theretofore included
with the countries to which they belonged^ Figures are available since 1920 for Czech-
oslovakia and Finland; since 1924 for Albania, Estonia^ Latvia., and Lithuania; and
since 1925 for Luxembourg o
No record of immigration from Rumania tmtil 1880.
The figure 33,523 in column headed I9OI-I9IO3 includes 32,897 persons returning in 1906
to their homes in the United States,
In 1952 Asia includes the Philippines o From 1934 to 1951 the Philippines were included
in the Pacific Islands, Prior to 1934 the Philippines were recorded in separate p
tables as insular travels [i
Included with countries not specified prior to 1925 o " '1
T
United States Department of Jvistice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 5. IMMIGHANT ALUMS ADMITTED AND EMISiANT ALIEWS DEPARTED,
BY POET OR DISTRICT: YEARS ENDED .fUNE 30, 1948 TO 1952
Port or district
IMMIGRANT
1948
1949 1950 1951
1952
EMIGRANT
1948 1949 1950 1951 1952
All ports or districts
Atlantic
New York, N. Y
Boston, Mass
Philadelphia, Pa
Baltimore, Md
Portland, Me
Newport News, Va
Norfolk, 7a
Charleston, S. C
Savannah, Ga.
Jacksonville, Fla
Key West, Fla
Miami, Fla
West Palm Beach, Fla. .
Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Other Atlantic
Gulf of Mexico
Tampa, Fla
Pensacola, Fla........
Mobile, Ala
New Orleans, La
San Antonio, Tex
Other Gulf
Pacific
San Francisco, Calif..
Po rtland, Ore
Seattle, Wash
Los Angeles, Calif....
Honolulu, T. H
Alaska
Canadian Border
Mexican Border.
170.570
188.317
249.187
205.717
265. ?20
20.875
24.^86
27.598
26.174
21.880
116.008
104,665
1,772
467
1,227
27
124
318
54
39
44
156
6,476
2
355
43
239
2.262
136.656
374
28
219
1,366
245
30
11.097
9,714
7
288
352
736
31
30,380
10,792
113,050
14,318
263
559
16
103
187
29
20
34
109
5,711
13
503
43
1,698
4.706
199.630
381
8
303
3,805
190
19
6.531
4,167
21
552
249
1,542
15
30,238
10,171
166,849
24,222
370
260
23
22
183
16
20
9
no
5,451
6
1,245
34
810
154.581
1A2,903
3,787
134
148
34
19
42
47
15
7
106
5,199
34
1,563
42
501
197.172
183,222
2,968
337
620
25
103
178
33
6
21
134
6,209
42
1,838
98
1,338
15.101
12.193 10.035! 13.085
446
2
224
11,320
193
8
3.158
2,174
10
77
280
617
9
25, 564
8,633
351
2
101
9,177
366
38
5.274
3,841
15
382
294
742
54
28,039
7,734
335
2
166
12,301
268
13
9.068
14,211
111
64
206
10
11
7
12
358
3
11
10
87
528
18.934
3,178
26
3,497
868
1,499
79
35,451
10,665
18
507
1
3.?62
3,270
16
209
67
760
924
14,367
193
40
118
8
14
5
1
1
41
3,590
31
5U
2
9
664
19.725
18.001
64
21
531
46
2
1.791
'25
1
41
71
1,053
2
1,734
1,461
15,522
223
49
53
17
7
5
1
1
69
3,076
80
583
14
25
1A,295
218
22
39
2
14
10
10
5
4
50
2,666
33
571
38
24
14.998
m. 998
14<
2
23
622
176
4
2.492
1,021
1
51
136
1,283
2,778
1,630
180
2
17
636
155
8
1.770
12,099
121
28
34
1
7
6
1
1
1
21
1,960
31
357
26
304
667
907
5
89
139
630
3,893
1,512
73
5
439
148
2
1.806
771
6
119
215
695
3,281
1,128
Ibiited States Department of Justice
Immigration euid Naturalization Seirvice
TABU 6. IMKXCUUrr ALHIB AHHRKD, il CLASSES ONDSB THE BfrlCSATION LAMS
AMD COINTBY OR BBSICM OF KBTK; YEAR HiPED JUME 30. 1952
Country or
region of
birth
All ceuatries
Exirope
AuBtria
Belgim.
Btilgaria
Czechoslorakia
Deanark
Estonia
Finland
Franc*
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
lonray
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(England
United (So. Ireland..
KingdoB(Seotland
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia...
Chijaa
India
Japan
Palestine
Philippines
Other Asia
Horth Aoerica
Canada
Mexico
West Indies....
Central America
Other North America...
South America
Africa
Australia & New Zealand.
Othy ^ountri,e3,,,,,,,Tt
salted States l)«partii.eat of Justice
Sraicratioa aad laturfilisatioa Sarrloe
TAbLE 6A. Bji-ilGRAlMT .JLI^ijiS .'dJi.lTTLD, bY CLASSES MtihiH THK ^.iUuiu...'1Um LiiiyS
aMD CQUNTIiY OF L/^T P^^-i^jMHmT JtLSIDEiMCi^; YEiih MbED JUi.E 30. 19?2
T
Country of
last residence
iill countries.
Eiirope
Austria
belgium
Bulgaria
Chechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
P'inland
France
Geriaany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
L; tvia
Lithiiania
K' etherlands
Norway
Fcland
Portugal
Kxiii^nia
Spain
Sweden
I'witzerland
(iingland
United (No. Irelond.
Kingdom (Scotland. . . .
(Wales
u.s.s.h
Yugoslavia
Other Evirope
Asia
China
India
Japan
Palestine. . .
Philippines .
Other Asia. .
North America
Canada
Mexico
i<est Indies
Central America
Ciher North America...
Number
ad-
mitted
265.52.
193.626
Sovth America. ,
Africa
23,088
2,9Ub
9
51
1,152
7
500
4,878
104, 236
6,996
63
2,775
U,342
10
20
3,060
2,354
235
953
34
481
1,778
1,502
18,539
751
3,390
248
11
327
1,890
?t^28
194.247
179.B.31
263
123
3,814
34
1,179
3,915
56.458
AU£,t.t£lia &. New Le aland.
Other countries
33,354
9,079
6, 072
2,637
4,716
t 4,591
} 931 1
545
22,331
2,855
9
34
1,068
7
439
4,404
98,971
5,614
49
2,731
8,059
5
16
2,923
2,223
128
364
23
282
1,721
1,441
18, 200
724
3,346
205
11
134
1,514
2.205
O
CO 01
CD N
33 o
793
482
a
V
01 CJ
«
>
o
u u
o
1>
•H
o o
01 -P
0) o
> ^
•H
nj o o
■3: a o
(D ^
1: O
16.058 f 2.404 47.744
70
99
82
18
286
1,650
4,900
112
2,710
231
1,906
1,:.66
752
4io
24.
5
1
1
3
6
13
23
23
1
2
253
10
8
60
40
11
3
1
9
2
1
M.
8.500
2
2
2
13
22
246
50
3
21
1
171
9
11
4
614
53
14
66
32
317 !
4,271 i
429 1
9)
9
1,545
5
3
66
70
36
153
78 I
21
37
152
10
15
- 2
131
358
6.211
1.644
163
10
3,443
6
598
1,991
1.071
308
36
134
19
574
40
120
108
8
33
7
1
3
17
29
194
90
3
6
749
1
7
16
d
320
2
42
2
3
14
3
2
25
60
7
656
282
19
1
237
6
252
141
127
22
12
61
1
31
23
26
2
1
77
3
4
21
1
9
2
4
81
3
16
1
JI
1
2
3
11
20
44.090
I
25
8
27,282
8,869
3,687
2,378
1,874
3,324
6
5
I If)
a <i>
O -H
:i U
"■p
in
•V
>
■H
664
200
1
5
18
6
96
2
3
1
26
10
3
19
_ - c
(o :i «
Vh -H rH
O 0) -H
ux: s:
li -P o
580
^11
10
21
.21
8
13
424
393
3
19
2
7
13
4
30
23
9
1
22
41
24
21
1
1
4
31
1
5
37
10
14
102
(0
to a>
u >
297
1^
1
1
T3 W
0,H
x:-p
o
a
IS
oi>
32 2,641
10 j2.2i:-
4
—
46
-
15
2
—
1
13
6
11
~
5
-
1
10
—
21
-
3
-
15
1
1
-
-
-
6
-
2
7
26
3
4
-
3
2
61
11
m
59
6
10
1
57
21
4
_21
109 1 14
17
2
9
1
80
6
3
1
4
Unitec States Department of Jxistics
Immigrc-tion and Naturaliii ation oervice
TABLE 6Bc Immigrant aliens admitted to the united states under the displaced persons act
OF 1948, AS AIcjENDEDj BY CLASSES AND COUNTRY OR REGION OF BIRTH
OC n Q) £> TITMTT _,
Country or
region of
birth
JUNE 25. IM.- «^""E 30, 1952
Ntimber
admitted
I
All countries
o o 0 V e 0
iooao90ooooooi
OOSOOOOOO
ioeeoeocb«ooo
kd o o o o a o I
O K O O O O 0
• oeoooooo
' o 9 o « a » o
'Oce»oot>e»e*oe«
^9oououc4Joede090i
o J o o u
l> 0 V o o o >> <
Europe o o o .
Austria, . ..
Belgiunio « .
Bulgaria. «
Czechoslovakia.
Denmark,
Estonia ,
Finland,
France;
Germany,
n\in^3»<r^o e*o»ooooo«ooooo
XT' 6Xd^Cl uooeoouuooooouoe
Jija V 7 X^ o9u9ueo uo«eooootto
Lithuania o , <> »
Netherlands „ „
Norway „ ..
Poland „„ ,
Portugal,
Rumania,
Spain o „ o
Sweden o
OWXT'Z6I^JL3JlCIo ouooootioooe
( England,, „o « « » o
United (No, Ireland„oo
Kingdom( Scotland,
(Wales
UoSoSoR<
Yugoslavia
Other Europe,
^LM
Displaced persons
Total
displaced
persons
J2kM
»*oeeooo9
oooeooooo
>UOOOa>OUUU'
ooooooouuuavb
>&ooooooeooo
luuooowoooooouoe<
louoooooooeocboo
> O t» u J U U t
I e 0 • w o <
, o u o o g
>l>00t»00(^W0
kooou ououoaooooo>
nooooooooo
' U O U O «> O I
XXlQXcL u(/ouuuu900UOOOO««0
Palestine
Philippines,, ^
Other Asia.„o
Uub0;>V9U<t00<>00
<,« e o
I t» o tf o a
>0 oo oobOuw&OO
3rth America
Canada. ^ .
MexicOaoo
West Indies
Central America » ^ „ . » . . q
Other North Araericao.o.
)uth Americao <,.oo»oooi.oe
• istralia & New Zealand, o
8.598
322
528
10,975
48
10,158
87
392
60.521
9.851
15^795
25
1^956
35,645
24.504
55
26
131.222
20
10,285
32
77
95
1,441
28
175
100
34,183
32j 789
l',115
2olI4
881
8
10
■^6
19
lol20
6.088
319
516
8,144
43
9.895
86
384
50-536
9,849
12,306
25
1,937
35,011
23p034
46
21
124.866
13
4,955
27
77
92
1,439
27
175
96
29s 909
16,913
847
2,103
• 'JlgL-COunt rigs „ ,
Includes wives and children «
24
3
2
4
245
18
62
2
20
879
7
8
76
19
1,114
222
16
3
1
3
199
14
58
2
19
(■iuota
displaced
persons
r
336.970
5p965
318
515
8,109
38
9,873
84
380
49,640
9,017
12, 267
24
1,634
34,809
22,954
44
21
124,642
10
4,937
27
77
92
1,438
26
174
96
29,855
16.682
840
2,102
878
7
8
76
19
1.114
1
199
5
57
2
Nonquota
displaced
Orphans
3,037
3,025
116
1
1
33
5
17
2
4
881
831
38
1
303
202
69
2
212
3
18
Other
nonquota
displaced
persons
1
1
47
230
7
1
10
JI.
il
2
5
15
1
1
11
12
Ethnic
Germans 1/
7
1
JlI
12
1
2
5^448
2,510
3
12
2,831
5
263
1
8
9,985
2
3., 489
19
634
lp470
9
5
6,356
7
5,330
5
3
2
1
4
4,274
15,876
268
U
2
1
2
_i6.
8
1
1
46
4
4
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 6C. DISPLACED PERSONS 1/ AND CTHER M-IGRANT jS.LIENS ATMITTED TO THE UNITED STATES
BI COUNTRY C& HEGIOh OF BIHTH: YEAI^ EMDED JUNE 30. 1952
Countjry or
region of
birth
I Displaced persons
Other Imniifjaata
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium.
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark.
Estonia.
Finland.
France
Germany.
Greece,
H\mgary.
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(England
United (No. Ireland..
Kingdom( S cotland
(Wales
U.S^^
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China
India
Japan...... .
Palestine. . .
Philippines .
Other Asia. .
9.h2B
1,421
153
4,517
156
1,066
2,115
46.092
28,141
9,600
6,723
2,642
986
3,902
740
416
2.200
301
101
a
120
84
1,553
2,582
108
421
163
573
216
7.228
1,120
52
4,476
36
982
562
44.975
North America
Canada
Mexico.....
West Indies ...........
Central America
Other North America. . .
South America
Africa
Australia & New Zealand.
Other countries
"^ Displaced persons admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of June 25, 1948, as amended.
2/ Includes 42,786 ethnic Germans adaitted imder Section 12 of the Displaced Persons Act.
United States Department of Justice
lamigratioa and Naturalization Service
28,135
9,600
4,141
2,534
565
3,739
167
200
24
J^
131
5
1
51
167
60
55
3
30
2
-i
J^
130
5
1
51
167
55
1
29
2
?i073
1,290
148
4,516
105
1,066
1,948
48.032
28,136
9,600
6,723
2,642
931
3,899
710
414
-51
1.846
171
96
40
69
84
1,386
.1^062
2,582
108
366
162
544
214
Jk
7.227
1,119
52
4,476
36
982
562
44,?70
28, 130
9,600
4,141
2,534
565
3,737
166
200
19
TABLE 7. ANNUAL QUOTAS AND ^VOIk EMIGRANTS ADMllTliD
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1948 TO 1952
/Persons born in colonies, dependencies, or protectorates of European countries are charged
to the quotas of the countries to which they belong. Nationality for quota purposes does
not always coincide with actual nationality (Section 12 of the Immigration Act of 1924i/
(.iuota nationality
All coimtries ,
)9«»»«»0*ft0«0
Europe „„vii.o«ii..»«5»«««»«»»<'»« "••"''''
Northern aind Western Eiirope. o . . . o .
Belgium • • ■>
Denjoark
France ...o<>..=
Germany, ••••
Great Britain, Northern Ireland„
Iceland. o ... .
Ireland o .. .
Liixembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Sweden
Switzerland.
Southern and Eastern Europe .......
Austria o. .
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Estonia. ...... ...«.«...».o»»'>»o»
Finland ,.....,.........«•»<>••■>»»
Greece. ......... «.«....»»o»i>«<>«»
Hungary. ......o.....
Italy
Latvia ........•••. .......oo.o'^'
Lithuania ....e
Poland ....••.••(•••••.«ooo'>«*<>'>o
Portugal. .o....«
Rumania .«...•• «.••««
Spanji. ,..#...... .........•.•••o.
Turkey
Utt 3. S. It. ..«•*••••••••. .ooe...
Ixigoslavia » « • •
Other Southern & Eastern Europe.
Asia 3.. I..
China .....o
Chinese race. . , ,,....
(East Indian race, ,.,,.,....
India (;^ii other
Other Asia. .«.«....
Africa
Oceania. •
1/ The anniial quota was 153,929 in
the fiscal year 1950.
2/ The Philippines are included in
Pacific, or Oceania.
Annual
quota 1/
1^4,277
150,572
125,853
1,304
1,181
3,086
25,957
65,721
100
17,853
100
3,153
2,377
3,314
1,707
24.719
(iuota incnigrants admitted
1948
92.526
90,632
i2il21
1,413
100
2,874
116
569
310
869
5,677
236
386
6,524
440
291
252
226
2,798
938
700
1,308
1,172
3,059
17,229
27, 774
56
7,444
82
3,515
2,460
1,965
1,331
23.237
1949
113.046
905^
1,692
81
2,831
127
516
213
882
5,631
300
458
6,143
445
400
189
188
2,061
794
286
1.248
1,200
6O0S/
377
80
( 20
(no
661
328
318
111^443
59.578
1,270
1,109
2,997
12j819
23,543
68
8,505
94
2,991
2,303
2.376
1,503
1950
197.460
1951
195,671
iiJ6i
51,865
1,327
65
3,255
1,716
497
426
1,445
5,207
3,534
6,452
21,462
462
699
194
177
3.710
976
261
979
1,101
3,187
31,511
17,194
88
6,444
74
3,067
2,179
1,876
1,666
126,305
156,547
154,7^?
47,02b
6,153
177
4,058
5,387
518
285
4,054
5,861
17,439
11,774
50,692
426
2,019
197
697
10,854
5,359
355
I1I7?
991
1,082
2, 900
14, 637
15,369
96
3,810
59
3,102
2,248
1,360
1,372
107,733
1952
194,247
208
59
( 55
( 68
783
328
288
1,361
231
3,870
2,230
556
3,638
5,079
4,325
11,220
4,568
45,766
384
2,042
286
401
14,019
7,411
346
1.341
192.754
73,302
1,103
1,183
2,935
35,453
20,368
95
3,819
103
3,032
2,333
1,554
1,324
119,452
518
56
( 50
( 19
698
272
175
2,236
330
5,398
1,366
494
5,621
7,331
5,901
4,999
3,330
42,66$
388
5,184
256
374
15,269
17,265
1,045
1,085
178
51
( 62
( 8
786
253
155
the fiscal years 1947 to 1949 inclusive, and 154,206 in
Asia; previously the Philippines were included in the
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABLE 10. BttilGRAi^IT ALIENS ADMITTED 3Y
RACE, SEX AND AGE
t
YEAR
ENDED JUNE 30, 1952 ^
Nximber
East
Fili-
Japa-
Kor^J
Pacific
Sex and age
admitted
White
Chinese
Indian
pino
nese
ean
Negro
Is-
lander
Number admitted
265,520
257,09?
1,152
74
957
4,734
83
1,411
10
Male
123,609
122,515
118
43
174
153
9
594
3
Under 5 years
U,581
14,401
30
11
106
1
32
5-9 "
9,514
9,403
4
3
60
8
3
33
-
10-14 "
7,245
7,173
13
-
33
3
2
21
-
15 "
1,422
1,403
2
1
9
1
—
6
-
16-17 "
3,270
3,238
8
1
12
1
—
10
-
18-19 "
3,679
3,650
6
-
9
—
_
14
-
20-24 "
11,401
11,317
4
8
7
3
—
63
1
25"29f "
16,826
16,664
3
12
8
14
-
125
-
30-34 "
13,398
13,265
16
9
"7
5
\
95
-
35-39 "
12,205
12,092
10
4
5
4
"
90
-
40-44 "
10^039
9,968
9
1
5
-
1
54
1
45-49 "
7,478
7,435
7
1
4
5
J.
2^
-
50-54 "
5,493
5,467
3
2
-
„
19
1
55-59 "
3,491
3,433
-
-
2
1
-
5
-
60-64 "
1,-^67
1,758
3
1
-
2
-
3
-
65-69 "
93?
"936
-
1
^
~
^
^
-
70-74 "
491
490
—
-
^
-
1
-
75-79 "
257
257
-
-
-
mm
-
-
-
80 yrs. and over,.
ni
TIT
-
-
-
-
-
-
~
Unknown, ••..•.•,«*
4
]Jtl.^ll
4
134,584
1,034
31
783
4,581
Ik
817
_
'emale
Under 5 years
7
13,681
13,490
24
2
16
102
■"»'
41
1
5-9 "
9,581
9,485
8
2
52
4
1
28
10-14 "
?,ri4
7,014
11
-
48
3
4
34
-
15 "
1,375
1,360
4
3
-
-
7
m»
16-17 "
. 3,744
3,690
6
4
12
15
2
14
'-^
18-19 "
5,48C
5,163
36
2
22
223
i
27
-
20-24 "
22,381
19,151
316
7
161
2,521
36
188
1
25-29 "
23,472
21,697
lUS
4
182
1,328
14
97
2
30-34 "
1 /., ,209
13,533
113
3
135
301
3
121
-
35-39 "
10,771
10,433
120
2
70
57
1
88
-
40-44 "
8,913
8,697
85
1
42
23
1
63
1
45-49 "
6,986
6,845
79
2
13
3
-
44
-
50-54 "
5,307
5,220
43
1
15
1
-
27
-
55-59 "
3,763
3,716
31
-
T
-
-
13
-
60-64 "
2,171
2,152
7
-
3
-
-
9
-
65-69 "
1,434
1,423
2
>.
2
„
-
7
-
70-74 •'
856
845
-
—
2
-
-
9
-
75-79 "
453
451
1
—
1
—
-
-
-
80 yrs, and over,.
216
216
—
—
-
-
-
-
-
Unknown
4
3
—
«■
1
—
^
**
^
. — r
United Sta
tes Dej
jartment oi
1 t.
" Justice
Imnii
gration
and Na1
^uralizatic
)n Ser
vice
TABI£ lOA. IMMIGRANT ALUMS ADMITTED AND OaGRANT ALIENS DEPARTED, BY SEX, AGE,
ILLITERACY. AND MAJOR OCCUPATION (aOUP; YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 19i!^8 TO 1952
Sex, age, illiterates, and occupation
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
nunigreLnt aliens admitted.
Sex:
Male
Female
Males per 1,000 females,
Age:
Under 16 years
16 to 44 years
45 years and over
Illiterates:
Number l/. ,
Percent...,
Major Occupation Group:
Professional, technical, and kindred workers
Farmers and farm managers •
Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm
Clerical,, sales, and kindred workers
Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers
Operatives and kindred workers
Private household workers
Service workers, except private household •
Farm laborers and foremen..... ...•••..
Laborers, except farm and mine ..•».....
No occupation , ••
aigrant aliens departed.
Sex:
Male
Female
Male per 1,000 females,
Age:
Under l6 years
16 to 44 years ,
45 years and over, . . . . .
Major Occupation Group:
Professional, technical, and kindred workers...,.
Farmers and farm managers ,,,,..,,,.•*«•••,••
Managers, officials, and proprietors, except farm
Clerical, sales , and kindred workers ...«.,••••*••
Craftsmen, foremen, and kindred workers
Operatives and kindred workers «••
Private household workers ,
Service workers, except private household
Farm laborers and foremen .,.,,,
Laborers except farm and mine
No occupation .,, .^ff*
170. 570
188, 317
249,187
205.717
26^,520
67,322
103, 24B
652
24,095
112,453
34,022
2,766
1.6
12,619
4,884
6,207
15,298
11, 019
12,797
6,389
4,350
946
4,826
91,235
.20,822
11,505
9,370
1,228
1,530
10,426
8,919
2,250
416
1,735
898
550
1,294
450
740
108
1,841
10. 593
80,340
107, 977
744
32, 728
123,340
32,249
1,983
1.1
13,884
8,937
6,014
14,797
13,693
14,271
6,990
3,937
933
6,192
98, 669
.2^yiS6
12,950
11,636
1,113
2,032
13,895
8,659
2,150
306
1,819
1,280
879
1,265
643
690
976
1,702
12. 876
119,130
130, 057
916
50,468
152,358
46,361
1,677
.7
20, 502
17,642
6,396
16, 796
21,832
19, 618
8,900
4,970
3,976
5,693
122,862
-2_Z,i98
14,331
13,267
1,080
2,333
15,576
9,689
2,631
335
1,983
1,540
929
1,222
663
730
642
993
15,930
99,327
106,390
934
44,023
121,823
39,871
1,869
.9
15,269
10,214
5,493
14,098
16, 183
17,858
7,243
5,292
4,972
5,4fil
103,614
26,174
12,843
13,331
963
2,417
15,422
8,335
2,772
350
1,954
1,799
950
1,363
757
839
253
924
14.213
123, 609
141,911
871
64,513
159, 788
41,219
2,026
.8
16,496
10, 566
5,968
16,724
21, 223
21,092
9,653
6,418
6,289
8,969
142,122
21,880
10,921
10, 959
997
1,918
12,318
7,644
2,328
263
1,693
1,179
437
902
470
908
158
4,099
Immigrants 16 years of age or over who are unable to read or write any language.
United States Department of Justice
Iinnigration and Naturalization Seirvice
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TART.K 11. ALIENS AND CITIZENS ADMITTED
YEAKS ENDED JUIE 30,
AND DEPARTED, ALIENS EXCLUDED
1908 to 1952
ALIENS ADMITTED
ALIEI\IS DEPARTED
AI,TKI\IS
EX-
CLUDED
u. s. crrizEMs
Period
Immi-
grant
Nonimmi-
grant
Emi-
grant
Nonemi-
grant
Ar-
rived
De-
parted
Total, 1908 to 1952
I4i4??,???
8.658.511
4.679.572
8,940,342
518.207
14.278.408
U. 099. 773
1908-1910 1/
2.576.226
490.741
823.311
672.327
45.583
660.811
342.600
1911-1920
5.735.811
1.376.271
2.146.994
1.841.163
178.109
1.938.508
2.517.889
1911
1912
878,587
838,172
1,197,892
1,218,480
326, 700
298,826
295,403
110,618
141,132
430,001
151,713
178,983
229,335
184, 601
107,544
67,922
67,474
101,235
95,889
191,575
295,666
333,262
308,190
303,338
204,074
129,765
66,277
94,585
123,522
288,315
222, 549
282, 030
303,734
330,467
180,100
111,042
80,102
98,683
92,709
139,747
22,349
16,057
19,938
33,041
24,111
18,867
16,028
7,297
8,626
11,795
269,128
280,801
286,604
286,586
239,579
1 ?1 , 930
127,420
72,867
96,420
157,173
349,472
353,890
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
347,702
368,797
172,371
110,733
126, Oil
1918
1919
1920
275,837
218,929
194,147
1921-1930
4.107.209
1.774.881
1.045.076
1.649.702
189.307
3.522.713
3.519.519
1921
1922
1923
805, 228
309,556
522, 919
706,896
294,314
304,488
335,175
307,255
279,678
241, 700
172, 935
122,949
150,487
172,406
164,121
191,618
202,826
193,376
199,649
204,514
247, 718
198, 712
81,450
76,789
92,728
76,992
73,366
77,457
69,203
50,661
178,313
146,672
119,136
139,956
132,762
150,763
180,1/,?,
196,899
183,295
221,764
13,779
13,731
20,619
30,284
25,390
20,550
19,755
18,839
18,127
8,233
222,712
243,563
308,471
301,281
339,239
370,757
378,520
430,955
449, 955
477,260
271,560
309,477
270, 601
1924
277,850
1925
1926
1927
1928
324,323
372,480
369,788
429, 575
1929
1930
431,842
462, 023
1931-1940
** '528*431
1. 574. 071
"'459.738
*i.*736.*9i2'
**68.217*
"3.365.432
3.357.936
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
97,139
35, 576
23,068
29,470
34, 956
36,329
50,244
67,895
82, 998
70, 756
183, 540
139,295
127, 660
134,434
144,765
154,570
181, 640
184, 802
185,333
138,032
61,882
103,295
80,081
39,771
38,834
35,817
26,736
25,210
26, 651
21,461
229,034
184,362
163,721
137,401
150,216
157,467
197,846
197,404
174, 758
144,703
9,744
7,064
5,527
5,384
5,558
7,000
8,076
8,066
6,498
5,300
439,897
339,262
305,001
273,257
282,515
318,273
386,872
406,999
354,438
258, 918
446,386
380,837
338, 545
262, 091
272,400
311,480
390,196
397,875
333,399
224, 727
1938
1939
1940
1941-1950
1.035.039
2.461.359
156.399
2.105.894
"30*263*
3.223.233
2.880.414
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
51, 776
28,781
23, 725
28,551
38,119
108,721
147,292
170, 570
188,317
249,187
100,008
82,457
81,117
113,641
164,247
203,469
366,305
476,006
447,272
426,837
17,115
7,363
5,107
5,669
7,442
18,143
22,501
20,875
24,586
27,598
71,362
67,189
53,615
78,740
85,920
186,210
300,921
427,343
405,503
429,091
2,929
1,833
1,495
1,642
2,341
2,942
4,771
4,905
3,834
3,571
175,935
118,454
105,729
108,444
175,568
274,543
437,690
542,932
620,371
663,567
168, 961
113, 216
62,403
63,525
103,019
230,578
451,845
1948
478, 988
1949
1950
552,361
655, 518
1951
205,717
265.520
465,106
516, 082
26,174
21.880
446,727
487,61?
3,784
2,944
760,486
807.225
667,126
1952
814.289
y Departure of alliens first recorded in 1908. Departure of U. S. Citizens first recorded in 1910.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABI£ 12. IMHIGRANT ALUVS AEMIVTED AND EMIC£ANT illElJS DSPAETBD
BI STATE OF BttSSBiSi FUTUBE OR LAST PEBMANENT BESHSiCE
YEtBS HJPED JUNE 30. 19^B TO 195;
Fuitire or last
residence
E M I QB AM T
All States
Alabana
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delanare
District of ColuBbia.
Florida
Georgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana.
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland •
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada •
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
PennsylTanla
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota.........
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Venaont
Virginia....
Washington ••
West Virginia
Wisconsin .••..
Wyoming
All other
United States Departaant of Justice
Innlgration and lIatuT«iizatlon Seinrlce
TABI£ 12. ZMMIGRANT AUHiS ADMII'TQ) AND EHI(£ANT iUQJS DEPABTH)
BI STATS OF SaaiBm FUTUES OB LAST FEBMANBIT S&SHaiCB
aABS QJUED JUNJS 30. 19it6 TO 1952
Future or last
residence
I M M I Q R A N T
19AS
1949
1950 1951
1952
1948
K M I QB AM T
1949
1950
1951
1952
All States
AlabaJia
Arizona
Arkansas
CaliTomla
Colorado
Connecticut
D«laK&re
District of ColuBbia.
Florida
Greorgia
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
llaryland........
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana ....•
Nebraska.
Nevada •
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Bhode Island r.
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington •
West Virginia
Wisconsin
WTomlng
All other
170.570
188.317 249.187 205.717
458
1,117
238
22,666
594
3,904
271
1,473
3,064
564
376
9,102
1,571
890
545
450
982
1,362
1,493
8,319
9,278
1,639
296
1,393
489
406
241
679
8,457
286
54*056
684
357
4,809
443
1,271
8,153
1,091
292
253
480
5,595
1,077
803
1,1M.
>,52i-,
564
1,870
222
538
1,252
417
21,014
729
5,036
279
1,564
2,736
661
367
11,469
2,172
1,425
605
734
2,151
1,089
2,747
9,259
10,267
2,288
1,058
1,613
646
578
180
644
9,832
264
53,926
1,203
718
6,158
596
1,382
10,162
1,156
436
350
694
6,071
1,293
757
1,483
3,492
730
2,451
169
1.476
26^1^20
469
950
725
20,428
1,401
6,282
396
1,670
2,980
801
424
18,673
3,642
2,139
958
918
2,125
1,100
4,330
10,443
14,681
5,287
1,584
2,497
802
1,603
164
637
13,349
296
68,944
1,981
1,279
9,829
755
1,364
15,268
1,288
509
1,601
953
6,385
1,325
794
3,570
3,825
690
5,776
275
1.022
386
958
384
19,588
1,035
4,841
328
1,460
2,923
608
423
20,562
2,777
1,639
785
637
1,115
809
2,275
8,134
13,452
2,710
500
1,721
663
1,273
165
500
10,701
315
60,113
1,069
595
7,926
720
1,274
10,666
938
371
487
656
5,533
1,192
5n
1,740
3,U5
457
3,162
222
1.003
697
1,269
556
26,599
1,863
5,212
453
1,865
3,789
1,148
449
20,758
3,473
2,372
1,137
757
1,729
989
2,321
8,741
15,489
3,327
3,032
869
2,199
269
633
14,531
452
78,212
1,IA9
1,078
12,145
898
1,775
13,772
1,094
537
784
876
8,416
1,485
681
2,157
4,629
663
5,774
276
1.697
20,822
Ski^
27.598
26.174
21.880
46
101
12
2,837
85
258
17
987
422
43
26
621
88
61
37
24
160
79
167
713
556
141
35
94
35
21
28
34
593
20
7,214
65
24
309
22
115
674
84
16
10
28
193
26
42
115
232
39
135
17
2,17^
53
132
16
2,038
74
559
18
1,295
1,449
72
27
730
132
85
62
56
285
74
221
736
633
176
37
115
25
29
17
44
785
30
9,267
86
33
394
64
101
631
92
34
15
83
452
34
42
187
283
50
156
13
2.M
67
145
12
2,616
105
504
33
1,743
1,317
92
30
1,000
226
140
84
87
362
104
338
894
880
364
56
180
48
38
27
59
1,027
71
9,519
ru
38
508
89
91
777
98
42
24
84
622
83
86
184
377
53
252
18
63
121
27
2,531
104
3a
28
2,051
1,106
115
42
957
228
103
74
65
379
156
280
956
863
200
60
126
67
32
16
82
991
61
9,380
90
31
464
78
116
742
111
33
12
115
557
60
90
168
357
50
260
14
1.201
68
129
16
1,926
104
253
14
1,843
831
62
23
667
126
86
56
63
227
70
189
659
596
163
47
102
38
21
26
48
711
49
7,375
70
27
331
66
119
500
85
17
41
67
810
62
58
129
243
32
175
12
2.448
United States Departasnt of Justice
Iianigration and Naturs^Liaatlon Senrice
TABLE 12A. DISPLACED PERSOWS 1/ MB OTHER IMt-JIGRAI^iT ALIEI\I3 ADfflTTED TO THE UNITED STATES
BY RUR/i AND URBAN AREA AND CITY 2/: YEAR Si^IDED JUNE 30, 1952
Class of place
and city
Immigrants
Total
t^uot?
Non-
quota
Displaced persons
Total
>^uota
Non-
quota
Other immi'^rants
Total
Quota
_1^
Non-
quota
:ity total
Los Angeles, Calif...
Oakland^ Calif.
San Diego, Calif
San Francisco, Calif.
Bridgeport. Conn
Hartf oixi, Conn'>, „ . . „ , .
Washington, D. C
Miami, Fla...
Tampa, Fla.....
Chicago, 111
New Orleans J La
Baltimore, Md
Boston, Mass „.,.„. o. .
Cambridge , Mass ...,.,
Detroit 5 Mich. .......
Minneapolis, Minn, „ . ,
St, Louis, Mo
Jersey City, N. J...,
Newark, N, J,,
Paterson, N. J.......
Buffalo/ N. Y,.o...,,
New Yorkj N. Y. .o..,.
Rochester, N. Y......
Cincinnati, Ohio , , „ , ,
Cleveland,, OhiOcc,...
Portland, Ore,....„,.
Philadelphia, Pa .... .
Pittsburgh, Pa,.„..,,
Providence, R, I
Houston, Tex. ....,„ ..
San Antonio, Tex. ....
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Seattle, V/ash. ..,...,
Milwaukee, Wis .......
Other cities, „ o J .... o .
'ilying territories
md possessions, .„. ..
Igiown or not reported
265,520
194, 247
71^273
79,178
77,196
1^982
34,936 26.433
8,503
8,096
■L.i21.
71,954 48,202
23,752
13.955
15,458
154,999 117,596
8,583
682
755
3,920
471
808
1,865
1,358
300
1A,399
840
1,059
2,277
331
8,539
891
1,386
989
37,403
1,146
514
2, 686
59,333
1,084
853
4.43?
814
5,453
1,407
476
700
853
899
2,088
2,194
20,609
1,348!
2.283!
4,497
357
247
2,085
354
652
1. 275
409
93
12,58?
36?
790
1,652
184
5,.^)59
596
1,193
834
948
432
1,608
50, 158
845
744
3,997
349
4,815
1, 163
330
37?
198
794
786
2,008
14,313
279
4,086
325
508
1,835
117
156
590
949
207
1,812
473
269
625
147
2,980
295
193
155
198
82
1,078
9,175
239
109
440
465
638
244
146
323
655
105
1,302
186
6,296
,069
546
54,880
964
82
79
587
173
362
472
93
5
6,270
182
342
885
47
2,612
298
215
545
546
149
708
25,429
432
231
2,325
97
2,938
661
165
11?
63
33
185
703
5,885
19
228
^3i^72
945
79
7?
561
168
362
456
92
5
65 084
181
338
872
4?
2,577
292
209
544
538
148
706
24, 664
429
22?
2,314
93
2,921
651
165
115
57
32
180
699
5,744
19
226
186,342[ll7,051 69,291
35
6
6
1
8
1
2
765
3
4
11
4
17
10
2
6
1
5
4
141
295
8,129
658
717
1,392
284
5,92?
593
1,171
444
600
365
1,978
33,904
652
622
2,112
717
2,515
746
311
583
790
866
1,903
1,491
14, 724
1,329
137
147
2^982
2,945
304
289
984
18?
290
154
410
190
284
81
902
1,076
25,494
8,410
416
236
517
105
1,683
429
256
461
1,894
621
512
234
165
146
262
321
2A1
649
762
104
606
1,29?
1,309
182
8, 569
6,155
260
1,069
-IjJillJ
?¥f
i Displaced persons admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of Jime 25, 1948, as amended,
I Rural - Population of less than 2,500, Urban - Population of 2,500 to 99,999,
Cities " Population of 100.000 or over.
3 Includes 42,786 ethnic Germans admitted under Section 12 of the Displaced Persons Act of 1948.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 12B. IMCIGRANT ALIENS ADMITTED TO THE UNITED STATES, BY RURAL
AND URBAN AREA MB CITY l/; YEARS ENDED JUNE 30o 1948 TO 1952
Class of place and city
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
Total,
Rural.
Urban.
City total.
Los Angeles^ Calif..,
Oakland, Calif...,..,
San Diego, Calif.,..,
San Francis CO; Calif.
Bridgeport, Conn. . . , ,
Hartford, Conn.
Vifashington, D, C.
Miami, Fla. ..,.,.
» • « 9 <
I O • O O
L O U V • • • I
> O O 4 O O I
I e o « o I
Tampa;, Fla . , .
Chicago, 111.
New Orleans. La. ,
Baltimore, Md, . . .
Boston, 14ass,,..,
Cambridge, Mass..
Detroit, Mich. „ , .
Minneapolis, Minn
St. Louis, Mo...„
Jersey City, N. J
Newark, N. J....
Paterson, N. J.,.
Buffalo, 'n. Y.„
New York, N. Y.
Rochester, N, Y
Cincinnati -, Ohio ..,...,
Cleveland, Ohio ,.,,,..,
Portland, Ore ., ... .... .
Philadelphia., Pa
Pittsbiirgh, Pa
Providence, R. I
Hoxiston., Tex, , . . . .
San Antonio, Tex
e«o«o«««oi
• • e • • e <
• o • • <
o e e • (
I • O • • I
• coo
o • • a •
Salt Lake City, Utah.
Seattle, VJash
Milwaukee, Wis
Other cities
Outlying territories and possessions.
Unknown or not reported.
170.570
188,317
249.187
205,717
27.377
32,715
47,066
27, 674
46.469
52,304
66,157
55.848
95.196 101.510
5,962
734
656
4,903
476
653
1,473
1,261
293
6,565
639
976
1,682
374
5,479
486
583
542
947
385
1,008
38,418
712
360
1,308
603
2,757
891
402
398
538
650
1,540
551
9,991
1,033
495
5,668
684
758
4,118
469
878
1,564
1,120
267
8,376
759
1,301
1,763
481
5,897
564
548
670
1,111
452
1,172
38,194
815
375
2,062
594
,408
,014
502
540
665
789
1,465
741
11, 726
1,185
ioi
134,504
3,
1,
1,
1,
1,
5,263
662
628
3,594
454
,124
,670
,279
273
13,152
668
2,151
2,164
519
7,128
1,449
1,127
752
1,647
560
1,481
50, 779
1,143
682
3,331
676
5,242
1,369
595
667
630
824
1,565
1,558
17, 698
848
612
120, 740
4,746
623
553
4,289
345
1,071
1,460
1,237
221
U,46l
586
1,107
1,927
403
7,709
891
686
716
1,339
316
1,669
45,650
1,022
507
3,048
609
4,062
1,044
420
545
569
816
1,676
983
13,434
899
265.520
34i?36
7ii?54
154.999
J.
17 Rural - Population of less than 2,500. Urban - Population of 2,500 to 99,999.
Cities - Population of 100,000 or over.
8,583
682
755
3,920
471
808
1,865
1,358
300
14,399
840
1,059
2,277
331
8,539
891
1,366
989
1,146
514
2,686
59,333
1,084
853
4,437
81A
5,453
1,407
476
700
853
899
2,088
2,194
20, 609
1,348
2.283
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
Countr7 of last
or future resldoDca
An countries . , . .
Europe.
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslorakla
Deomark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(Qigland....
United (N. Ireland.
Eingdom(Scotland . . .
(Wales
D.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
TABLE 13. IMMICKANT AIJSNS ADHrTTO) AIID EMIGRANT ALIENS DEPARTED,
BT COUNTRI or LAST OE INTEtlDED FUTURE PEEKfilENT RESIDENCE
YEARS ENDH) JUNE 30. JiiS TO 1952
Asia...
China
India
Israel 1/
Japan
Palestine ^
Philippines
Other Asia
North America
Canada
Mexico
West Indies
Central America
Other No. America...
Sooth America
Africa
Australia & Sew Zeal.
Other countries
y Israel is included in Palestine prior to 1950.
United States Department of Justice
loBiigi'atlon and Naturalization Service
TABLE 13k. aiMIQRAM' ALIQJS AKCETTH) BT CCUMTRY OR HBGION OF BIRTH
lEABS EMDED JUNE 30. 19L3 1p 1952
Country or region
of birth
1943
19U
1945
1946 ! 1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
All cotintries . . .
Europe
Austria 1/
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia. ....
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany 1/
Greece
Hungary
Ireland... .........
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania.
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
United (England...
Kingdom( No . Ireland
(Scotland. .
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yxigoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China
India
Japan
Palestine.. ,
Philippines .
Other Asia..
North America
Canada
Mexico
West Indies
Central Aoerioa. ...
Other No. America..
South Aaerica
Africa
Australia & N.Zealand
23.725
28.551
38.119 108.721 147.2921170.570
188.317
249.167
^O^^ZLZ
265.520
S|?»
gther countries \ 25
i/ In the years 1943 to 1945,
210
11
375
142
21
113
524
1,295
309
167
227
81
65
139
199
123
1,647
301
230
318
113
127
1,114
112
287
43
444
99
117
362
8.6'94
10.141 64.877
5^
40
16
47
9
194
13.718
7,429
3,985
1,116
1,181
7
474
83
no
135
23
341
119
28
72
232
1,360
292
227
146
177
66
105
217
195
1,420
429
249
291
90
50
1,135
92
357
47
433
178
188
364
72
43
9
35
15
190
17.961
738^
6,399
2,299
1,876
1
899
75
533
92
11
289
108
19
58
207
1,260
235
132
286
320
50
86
111
114
1,222
562
234
238
67
70
2,627
340
515
100
399
184
205
_-52i
109
95
3
52
15
301
24|22?
9,379
6,455
4,660
3,395
340
1,326
267
1,535
Ji6
989
1,770
36
1,075
291
136
197
5,000
4,010
578
577
1,387
3,886
206
244
610
379
4,806
554
425
402
327
282
28,763
1,584
2,472
1,495
1,110
676
610
1.921
96.86^
337
407
17
193
293
674
187627
6,805
4,876
2,171
646
1,755
1,098
5,746
199
1,997
2,208
128
3,601
1,166
184
689
5,808
14,674
2,056
1,277
2,446
14,557
340
554
2,607
2,316
8,156
636
558
302
1,252
978
17,889
1,328
3,757
1,071
2,240
1,117
973
4.098
1,407
375
82
363
739
1,132
40.29^
22,008
7,775
6,299
3,470
743
2,421
849
2,532
232
115.750
2,782
1,757
132
3,865
1,328
225
693
4,697
21,365
1,964
1,471
7,651
15,801
427
631
3,739
2,687
8,020
890
770
509
2,022
1,426
17,484
1,940
5,436
954
2,317
1,190
1,577
7.626
3,987
239
371
376
1,122
1,531
42.270
22,612
8,730
6,994
2,884
1,050
2,768
840
1,110
206
^,391
2,363
1,592
84
4,393
1,305
1,840
704
3,972
23,844
1,759
1,998
8,585
11,157
3,853
6,691
3,200
2,563
23,744
1,235
1,043
503
2,433
1,585
13,589
2,425
4,805
656
3,907
1,384
1,089
6.^?5
206,547
2j823
166
506
234
1,068
1,556
2?.46?
3,182
1,108
190
5,528
1,234
5,422
645
3,519
31,225
1,242
5,098
6,501
9,839
17,494
11,870
3,148
2,379
52,851
1,075
3,599
463
1,892
1,728
8,812
1,249
2,983
393
10,971
9,154
1,753
4,615
mjji
202.8
21,515
7,977
6,518
2,493
966
2,639
737
602
m.
1,494
153
76
212
595
2,085
24i004
2,777
1,238
231
3,863
1,217
2,073
646
3,337
26,369
4,447
4,922
3,739
7,348
10, 588
4,028
3,170
2,378
37,484
1,048
2,351
510
1,427
1,408
8,333
840
2,950
368
11,953
8,254
1,880
?|166
i
18,043
6,841
6,093
2,151
876
2,777
689
443
112
1,821
134
198
210
760
2,043
35.482
20,809
6,372
5,553
1,970
778
2,724
700
390
78
5,976
1,539
279
5,041
1,345
1,248
585
3,454
50,283
7,084
6, §50
3,796
9,306
4,459
3,044
3,143
2,481
33,211
1,013
4,915
536
1,478
1,569
12,054
1,031
4,052
494
12,697
17,223
2,698
9.428
1,421
153
4,517
156
1,066
2,115
48.092
28,141
9,600
6,723
2,642
986
3,902
740
416
S8
A\iptria was included witb Geraaniy.
United states Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 14. MIGRANT ALIENS DEPARTED BY RACE, SEX AND AGE:
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30. 1952
Number
Pacific
Sex and age
de-
White
Chinese
East
Fili-
Japa-
Kor-
Negro
Is-
parted
Indian
pino
nese
ean
lander
Kumber departed,..,.
21.880
19,792
297
282
495
475
??
367
38
Male
10.921
9.563
245
209
339
323
23
185
34
Under 5 years
320
307
6
2
2
3
5-9 "
351
332
3
7
4
3
1
1
—
10-14 "
272
258
2
5
5
—
—
2
_
15 "
68
66
1
1
_
..
_
_
.
16-17 "
127
119
4
—
2
_
_
2
_
18-19 "
250
241
3
-
4
1
_
1
—
20-24 "
1,496
1,388
11
26
22
7
1
21
20
25-29 "
1,695
1,501
32
56
34
31
2
28
11
30^34 "
1,332
1,125
44
41
46
24
6
44
2
35-39 ••
1,046
878
43
21
52
22
5
25
-
40-44 "
789
660
25
15
54
17
_
18
_
45-49 "
560
474
9
9
40
14
2
12
_
50-54 "
450
389
14
3
21
12
2
9
_
55-59 "
396
344
12
1
21
U
1
3
.
60-64 "
320
254
8
1
17
33
_
7
m.
65-69 "
387
323
4
-
7
48
2
3
—
70-74 "
300
238
1
1
1
57
^
2
—
75-79 "
151
124
3
-
1
23
—
—
80 yrs. and over,.
104
95
-
-
-
9
«.
_
.
Unknown, .,,..,,«••
507
10,959
447
10,230
20
152
20
73
156
5
152
1
10
7
182
1
Female
4
Under 5 years
263
248
4
2
5
1
■)
2
5-9 "
321
306
2
4
1
1
1
6
_
10-14 "
260
237
9
5
4
2
_
3
^
15 "
63
62
»
_
..
^
_
1
M.
16-17 "
145
144
1
.
_
—
—
_
_
18-19 "
252
243
3
_
3
1
_
2
_
20-24 "
1,030
966
17
5
17
9
Ua
16
—
25-29 "
1,525
1,409
32
16
29
14
4
21
_
30-34 "
1,144
1,058
23
13
22
11
—
16
1
35-39 "
866
793
17
6
17
9
1
22
a.
40-44 "
621
585
6
5
13
2
1
9
—
45-49 "
511
489
4
2
6
3
1
6
i_
50-54 "
485
447
4
m.
4
20
_
10
.
55-59 "
447
423
2
1
3
11
1
5
1
60-64 "
426
402
.
.
2
12
_
10
«
65-69 "
421
400
1
1
—
15
_
4
.
70-74 "
384
363
—
-
2
13
_
6
..
75-79 "
233
226
1
-
—
6
_
_
_
80 yrs, and over,.
124
121
-
—
—
3
_
,.
_
Unknown......
1,438
1,308
26
13
28
19
—
43
1
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABLE 16. U0NIMMI(2iANT ALIH^IS ADMITTED, BY CLASSES UNDER THE IMMIGRATION LAWS
AND COUMTRY OR REGIOM OF BIRTH; YEAB laiDED JUNE 30. 1952
j caorry
on
trade
Country or region
of birth
Number
ad-
Biitted
Govern-
ment
offi-
cials
Tairporary
visitors for
Busi-
ness
Pleas-
lire
In
trans-
it
Bet lim-
ing
resi-
dents
Stu-
dents
Inter-
nat'l
offi-
cials.
Other
classes
All countries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
k Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany.
Greece
Hungary.
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithtiania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Rumania.
Spain.
Sweden.
Switzerland
(England
United (N. Ireland..
Kingdom(Scotland. . . .
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia. •
China.
India.
Japan
Palestine
Philippines ..........
Other Asia.
North America
Canada
Mexico
West Indies....
Central America. .....
Other North America..
South America
Africa.
Australia &. New Zealand
Other countries ........
516.082
22.267
86,74?
203.781
3,523
5,815
153
1,809
5,634
210
1,931
18,427
17,268
3,097
1,530
4,077
10,042
394
807
11,212
6,991
7,886
1,382
2,076
10,382
5,857
5,528
52,702
1,866
12,303
1,725
5,023
952
3,179
27iW
9.145
4,688
2,717
6,--
84
629
4
63
325
9
47
1,351
249
324
60
61
803
8
8
638
439
216
223
36
178
218
152
2,070
31
173
56
242
335
113
hh22k
3,
9,
,034
641
600
724
224.229
87,623
32,120
82,855
13,189
8,442
41,585
3,763
8,093
7»427
157
252
345
12
586
1,878
4.962
1,088
1,119
34
408
1,094
31
418
5,401
5,855
584
330
366
2,461
94
187
2,705
1,215
1,689
223
457
1,583
1,474
1,502
9,764
177
1,326
257
673
111
598
7.478
269.606
77.899
:z2i.
44.980
8.613
5.137
J6^S2,
935
2,128
1,071
715
113
3,157
343
394
liO:?6
547
901
2,011
140
1,199
2,680
25.817
8,996
5,468
9,334
1,436
583
6,303
1,097
2,297
529
1,504
1,U6
66
726
1,824
65
527
4,465
6,171
1,040
652
1,585
2,851
172
475
3,289
1,833
4,052
311
1,163
4,906
2,356
1,823
21,257
878
5,736
780
3,099
225
933
42,953
622
27.628
46,
462
581
563
266
817
2,451
156.781
64,882
19,851
56,967
8,006
7,075
23,996
1,220
2,588
3.701
)2
1,757
18
214
1,732
56
744
3,668
1,723
504
217
639
1,954
52
70
3,364
2,466
669
250
212
2,995
768
942
11,888
355
3,296
352
453
95
1,138
?J48
12
21
1
45
25
11
8
21
1
52
1
24
8
1
6
60
67
207
4
24
10
4
2
7
396
679
20
293
491
37
148
2,794
2,991
372
225
1,403
1,763
62
64
971
860
1,113
335
154
4S2
943
953
6,911
403
1,694
256
400
149
266
1.569
2,791
417
958
69
109
1,004
21.424
9,943
3,575
6,445
998
463
4,039
409
2,023
1.703
31 2.987
8
10
13
6
2
24
16
6
53
14
6
11
134
100
1,841
50
417
445
11.454
1,570
469
7,891
1,370
154
1,756
336
559
260
39
27
6
43
35
10
16
123
212
217
34
6
86
4
3
99
85
99
23
39
92
33
29
64
6
10
2
28
9
90
2.545
2.459
391
315
307
100
393
1,039
2.806
980
449
817
535
25
1,380
214
85
Ik
38
167
5
61
88
2
6
6IA
59
35
12
16
72
2
145
69
40
16
9
86
65
60
541
12
44
12
123
26
34
645
198
141
9
4
79
214
888
268
178
306
113
23
701
130
141
173
M.
JiL
43
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 17. NONIMMICaAITr .ILIENS ADMITTEI), BY CLASSES UI^TJIE THE IMMIGRATION LAWS
AND COUNTRY OR REGION 0? LAST PEEMAInIENT KSSIPasCE; YE;.R EIfl)lD JUNli: ^30. 1952
Cotintry or region of
last residence
All coxintries
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria.
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France.
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(England
United (No. Ireland..
Kingdom (Scotland
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China
India
Japan.
Palestine. ............
Philippines
Other Asia
North America
Canada
Mexico
West Indies
Central America
Other North America...
South America
Africa
Australia & New Zealand.
Other countries
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 18. NONIMMIGRANT ALIENS ADMITTID AND NONEMIGRANT ALUMS DEPARTED,
BY COUNTRY OF LAST OR INTENDED FUTURE PERMANENT RESIDEKCE
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 19 LB TO 1952
Count r7 of last
or future residence
NONIMHIGRANT
1948
1949
22^
1951 I 1952
NONEMIGRANT
J2hL
1949
JL2^
1951
1952
All countries.
Europe
Austria
Belgiim
Bulgaria
I Czechoslovakia. . . .
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary....,
(Ireland....
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania..
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal.. .
Rvimania. . ..
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(England . . .
United (No. Ireland
Kiiig±ni(Scot land
(Vales...
U*i.>*0«lt* e • • •
(Yugoslavia..
Other Europe
>•••••
Asia
China
India
Israel l/. . . .
Japan
Palestine 1/.
Philippines . .
Other Asia. . .
North America.
Canada
Mexico
West Indies ,
Central America. .
Other No. America
476.006
447.272 426,837
-f
465.106 516.082
427. 343
405.503
429.091
446.727
487.617
1??.2??
642
3,954
47
1,674
4,255
42
1,404
15,557
1,276
2,582
847
1,772
8,823
13
12
7,018
5,825
828
1,791
173
5,276
5,286
3,748
49,113
1,482
8,465
1,129
504
176
1,645
19.812
6,890
2,774
219
2,819
2,525
4,585
266.113
106,107
37,023
82,522
9,975
30,486
41,200
4,358
5,138
4. 026
South America
Africa ,
Hustralia & N. Zeal
)ther countries .... J
U Israel is included in Palestine prior to 1950.
111.590 97.186
854
3,037
47
684
3,680
47
877
11,842
4,394
1,948
657
1,530
7,830
24
25
6,712
5,305
699
1,577
93
3,067
5,053
3,519
37,971
1,011
5,769
848
527
158
1,805
17.914
,234
2,412
488
1,256
2,497
5,027
268.191
102, 020
34,405
87,517
10, 701
33,548
39,291
3,912
5,062
1.^12
928
2,450
15
227
3,532
IS
833
10,433
4,091
1,541
66
1,229
7,050
6
8
5,405
4,576
411
1,091
35
2,610
4,598
3,673
33, 695
858
4,648
718
472
290
1,679
17-840
1,959
1,890
3,008
1,498
436
2,517
6,532
261.836
104.963
926
3,254
9
97
3,974
17
975
13,197
6,022
3,643
79
1,072
5,389
24
5
7,641
4,717
217
915
50
2,190
4,289
3,926
33,382
732
4,550
606
427
285
2,353
1?.?2?
763
1,506
2,945
3,580
362
2,728
7,645
281.201
97,084
30,735
85,035
11,207
37,775
108,887
32,851
86,398
11,832
41,233
40,094
3,320
5,737
824
48,004
3,125
7,585
699
121.902
1,380
4,575
9
155
4,227
10
1,165
14,930
9,965
1,840
75
1,391
6,240
7
15
8,122
5,322
296
888
45
2,623
4,446
4,467
38,827
780
6,291
730
358
420
2,303
22,638
118|0^7
1,074
1,882
2,648
4,312
252
3,424
10,046
305.8901
221
3,620
38
1,229
3,419
18
604
12,404
313
1,227
506
2,277
4,508
6
14
5,667
3,977
775
1,211
58
3,936
4,585
3,066
52,334
1,027
8,309
1,000
561
137
1,000
17.252
107.217
123,471
28,111
100,301
13,875
40,132
51,553
3,704
8,364
1.031
9,822
1,796
330
1,778
1,466
2,060
227. 560
391
3,075
32
533
3,680
15
741
11,197
1,592
1,383
357
1,678
6,654
20
14
6,662
4,875
676
1,582
71
2,665
5,108
3,455
40,403
1,035
6,395
993
362
107
1,466
12.369
98.477
782
2,448
23
219
3,514
24
823
9,800
2,903
1,578
70
1,399
6,404
4
13
5,115
5,306
416
717
30
2,465
4,995
3,413
36,773
987
5,464
794
323
203
1,472
10.756
?9.46?
97,070
22,892
73,763
8,167
25,668
33,576
3,642
5,159
22.107
3,885
1,702
322
1,337
1,795
3,328
238.916
93,187
24,131
89,263
9,657
22,678
37,651
3,574
4,730
1. 046
1,115
1,581
1,760
957
320
1,926
3,097
269.469
687
2,935
8
103
3,796
11
938
10, 785
5,152
1,868
65
1,267
4,796
9
15
7,031
4,715
221
738
48
2,470
4,278
3,598
35,025
779
4,744
633
366
240
2,148
12,543
111.585
96,117
25,174
88,818
10,849
48,511
40,279
3,033
5,868
1,20?
483
1,133
2,809
2,532
161
1,925
3,500
278.276
105, 710
26,471
89,201
11,364
45,530
44,780
2,702
7,443
1,514
955
4,101
3
96
3,773
15
942
13,029
7,457
1,563
88
1,386
5,159
16
12
7,109
4,908
201
707
50
2,366
4,070
3,947
39,696
676
6,006
731
271
244
2,008
12.889
265
1,104
1,913
3,292
152
2,170
3,993
300.629
United States Department of Justice
IramleTAtion And liatural ir.Ation Servi r.,
119,938
33,269
85,606
12,398
49,418
49,047
2,846
8,736
1.883
TABLE 19. NONIMMIGRANT ALIENS ADMITTED AS TEMPORARY VISITORS, TRANSITS,
STUDENTS, OR TREATY TRADERS 1/ II\i THE UNITED STATES, BY DISTRICT
ON JUNE 30, 1951 AND 1952
District
June 30, 1951:
All districts.
I
St. Albans, Vt
Boston, Mass
New York, N. Y
Philadelphia, Pa
Baltimore, Md
Miami, Fla
Buffalo, N. Y
Detroit, Mich
Chicago, 111
Kansas City, Mo
Seattle, Wash
San Francisco, Calif.
San Antonio, Tex
El Paso, Tex
Los Angeles, Calif. . .
Honolulu, T. H
June 30, 1952:
All districts,
St, Albans, Vt.
Visitors
Boston, Mass
New York, N. Y
Philadelphia, Pa
Baltimore, Md
Miami y Fla
Buffalo, N. Y
Detroit, Mich
Chicago, 111
Kansas City, Mo.,...,,.,
Seattle, Wash
San Francisco, Calif....
San Antonio, Tex
El Paso, Tex
Los Angeles, Calif
Honolulu, T. H
88.176
7,463
790
35,295
212
374
15, 200
1,952
5,894
1,687
4,364
4,392
5,946
1,561
2,087
959
104.198
Transits
T7 Admitted since December 7, 1948
7i8H
284
75
3,702
46
25
496
136
266
87
599
489
1,337
76
127
69
li^A.
students
24.859
8,737
230
108
1,200
116
2,178
39,050
3,233
4,368
235
30
1,245
473
50
1,554
15,191
503
1,763
2,329
94
929
6,479
75
3,016
2,296
71
2,466
-
-
2,153
5,713
550
1,023
4,664
448
2,128
12,287
1,363
680
1,672
46
586
2,785
134
1,422
1,087
89
86
123
2,059
4,235
1,292
1,563
1,668
990
2,501
2,405
2,219
1,093
2,275
356
626
1,390
64
25,705
Treaty
traders 1/
857
a
17
537
3
9
100
20
10
111
2
7
933
45
25
580
4
11
87
27
5
3
88
2
35
21
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 20. /iLIENS EXCLUDED FROM THE UNITED STATES, BY CAUSE
YEARS ElffiED JUWE 30, 1943 TO 1952
(Figures represent all exclusions at seaports and exclusions
of aliens seeking entry for 30 days or longer at land ports,)
Cause
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949 1950
1951
1952
Number excluded.
liASi
v.:> !
[diots and imbeciles
'eeble minded
insane or had been insane
Ipileptics
institutional psychopathic
inferiority.
urgeon's certificate of mental
defect other than above.......
uberculosis
ther loathsome or dangerous
contagious disease
'iTgeon's certificate of physical
defect other than contagious
disease
tironic alcoholism
ikely to become public charges.,,.
iupers, professional beggars,
and vagrants , . .
Dntract laborers
ssisted aliens
^owaways
jcompanying aliens (Sec. 18),
ider 16 years of age, unaccom-
panied by parents
'imnals
ibversive or anarchistic
moral classes
id been deported or excluded „ ,„o .
lable to read
(over 16 years of age)
■ought by nonsignatory lines
thout proper doctunents
■eviously departed to avoid
military service
her
X (Kale...
(Female.
2
8
17
3
2
6
161
4
1
95
1
26
4
77
3
3
68
1
6
31
8
3
1.642
2,^41
2.942 4,771
1,106
1
5
22
4
15
3
11
15
15
1
106
1
28
155
3
63
8
45
21
4
1,109
L,043
452
2
15
10
19
15
11
22
13
4
53
3
18
4
161
4
16
87
4
45
23
1
1.805
1,037 1,523
605 818
2
4
14
3
11
8
4.905
,^->8^4bi^7l
1
23
10
17
20
10
28
41 12
1 3
33 70
13
3
361
3
7
87
2
y\
44
4
2
2,294
21
2,158
784
19
1
902
1
11
139
3
45
11
2
3,316
111
16
3,679
1,092
4
22
9
11
14
16
981
26
5
67
11
1
709
21
5
142
1
5
30
2
2
3,690
30
3
3,676
1,229
3
3
20
19
11
12
17
21
3
3
97
2
26
2
216
4
12
187
25
12
66
9
11
2,970
66
17
^.784
2,M
2,, 731
3
3
23
10
17
10
21
13
23
2
53
2
12
6
122
4
12
199
31
16
50
13
3
2,868
43
12
2,341
1,103 1,230
5
9
23
7
13
11
19
240
1
78
121
8
4
337
29
15
47
3
2,783
4
17
2
3
17
8
5
12
9
2
11
1
5
1
74
8
2
285
9
10
52
3
2
2,378
8
28
2,361
1,423
1,860
1,084
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABIE 24A. ALIENS DEPORTED AKD ALIENS DEPARTING VOLUNTARILY
UNDER PROCEEDINGS; YEARS ENDED JUNE 30 , 1892 TO 1952
I 'Aliens departing
Total I Aliens | voluntarily
f deported 1 under proceed-
I I ings 1/
Period
1892 = 1952
1892 - 1900
1901 - 1910
1911 - 1920
1921 ~ 1930
1921,,..
i/^^o « • o
1924....
J- Z'^P O O • O
1926....
1927....
1928. ...
1929. ...
1930....
1931 - 1940
1931...
1932...
1933...
1934...
1935...
1936...
1937...
1938. . .
1939...
1940...
1941 = 1950
1941...
1942...
1943...
1944...
1945.
1946
1947...
1948
1949
1950
> Q O
> Q Q 9
> o • •
'a o «
J^ O O O 0 O I
o o e o a
409.849
t
3,127
11,558
27,912
164.390
4,517
4,345
3,661
6,409
9,u95
10,904
26,674
31,571
38,79'D
28,018
210.416
29,861
30,201
30,212
lo,88'^
16,297
17,446
17561'^
18,553
17,702
15,548
1.58]
nn,
g 1 I V
lO,Q38
10,613
16,154
3^,449
80,760
116,320
214,543
217,555
296,337
579,105
686,713
723,959
396,414
3. 013 J
3,127
11, 5 S3
2'',912
_92^-5'^
k,:
p345
3,66i
6,409
9,495
10,90^
11,652
11,625
12,908
16,631
II '',086
'2,233
19,i.26
19,865
8,879
8,319
'5,195
8,829
9,275
8,202
6,«554
11C.&4^
15,012
19,946
25,888
11,387
93,330
11, (19
10,775
10,347
8,010
7,978
8,251
8, "88
Q,278
°,590
8,594
1.470 o92.'^
4,40"
4,207
'^jl??
n,270
14,375
18,665
20,371
20,040
6,628
13,54*^
20,:.81
6,531
6,904
11,947
32,270
6Q,490
101,945
195,880
197,184
276,297
5';'2,477
673,169
703,778
1951
1952.
^ !_ _____
1/ Voluntary departures of aliens under procaedings first
recorded in 1927 » „ ^ ^.
United S:.at,es Bepartmeni, of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TARTK 26. ALIEtIS WHO BEPQETED UNDEB TUS ALIEN y^IBESS PROGRAM BY SELECTED NATIQHALITIES AND
BY RURAL AND URBAN AREA AND CITY l/: DURIlilG 1951
Class of place
and city
All
nation-
alities
Germany
Great
Britain
Italy
Poland
U.S.S.R. Canada
Mexico
All
other
Total 2/.
Rural. . . .
Urban.
City total
Los Angeles, Calif...
Oakland, Calif
Sacramento, Calif . . » .
San Diego, Calif
San Francisco, Calif.
Denver, Colo
Bridgeport, Conn
Hartford, Conn
New HaTen, Conn
Washington, D. C
Miami, Fla
Chicago, 111
Baltijaore, Md
Boston, Mass
Fall Rirer, Mass
New Bedford, Mass....
Worcester, Mass
Detroit, Mich
Minneapolis, Minn....
St. Louis, Mo
Jersey City, N. J....
New£urk, N. J
Paterson, N. J
Buffalo, N. Y
New York, N. Y
Rochester, N. Y
Cleveland, Ohio
Portland, Ore
Philadelphia, Pa
Pittsburg, Pa
Providence, R. I
El Paso, Tex
Houston, Tex
San Antonio, Tex. ....
Seattle, Wash
Milwaukee, Wis
Other cities..
2.265.032
118.003
192. 723
229.062
213.319
126.010 217.397
224.10^
6UU. LIA
34^.1?7
21.273
30|^
26.731
27i?24
13.989 /.3.339
?4.22^
127. 582
672.24?
30.201
^.209
62. 729
5U. 526
25.557 87.682
1^5- 6U
207.697
68,426
8,618
8,434
5,435
34,851
5,474
6,798
8«261
5,155
9,314
9,682
80,152
14,779
11,161
5,157
6,114
6,676
67,647
6,964
8,020
5,958
16,878
7,173
13,097
392,270
9,966
31,208
7,984
31,908
7,638
7,049
17,793
7,945
25,096
18,350
6,191
146,682
6i..754
1,805
418
224
140
1,930
488
149
233
126
465
385
5,605
968
158
27
31
72
2,221
328
939
366
877
3a
687
29,109
630
1,489
413
2,303
626
161
139
280
288
517
1,333
8,483
1Q0.3?2
3,439
799
403
449
2,686
435
U5
745
299
1,366
2,767
3,317
962
966
187
356
365
8,033
406
418
453
1,036
451
1,053
42,660
1,018
1,748
859
3,077
622
461
111
412
340
1,785
353
14,900
134.867
71,949
4?.;77
403
3,i372
1,345
1,310
797
531
175
3,560
410
1,612
1,583
1,802
683
166
4,380
2,488
2,275
90
53
575
4,625
46
1,470
1,421
4,321
2,897
1,180
66,378
2,363
3,167
388
4,535
976
2,490
45
174
92
633
294
14,662
127.477
98
4.617
1,677
124
62
67
486
393
756
1,442
682
401
299
17,990
2,370
594
518
533
875
12,404
587
942
1,360
2,626
958
4,054
47,065
833
5,630
162
4,112
1,062
521
28
198
99
321
1,050
14,196
84.650 82.108
1560
Tn,QQ"
a
3.7a
62
1.732
644
3.624
31,804
1,288
2,003
2,457
2,727
722
4
6
3
97
62
4,936
15
19
1
4
1,448
103
148
7
22
34
26
1,417
7
103
61
86
103
15
16,844
5,378
22,654
100
233
16,853
424.286
97
12.150
Outlying territories
and possessions......
ill other. ...... ««...««
^ Rural - Population of less than 2,500. Urban - Population of 2,500 to 99,999.
Cities - Population of 100,000 or ever.
2/ Does not include approxloately 100,000 alien address reports that were incoaplete.
Ibiited States Departnent of Justice
Imitation and Naturalization Service
20,564
4,492
4,649
1,474
19,580
2,263
3,128
2,445
1,227
4,881
4,822
33,985
5,333
4,461
3,563
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TABLE 30. PASSEI\IGER TRAVEL BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES
BY PORT OF ARRIVAL OR DEPARTURE; YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1952 1/
Port
ARRIVED.
New Yorkj N. Y =
Chicopee_, 14ass
Boston-, Mass
Philadelphia, Pa. . . .
Baltimore, Md
Norfolk, Va
Miaiiiij Fla
W, Palm Beach, Fla..
Key VJ'est; Fla
San Juan, P. R. . . ...
Virgin Islands
Tampa. Fla
Mobile;, Ala.......o.
New Orleans, La
jalveston, Tex
3an Francisco, Cal. .
Portland, Ore
o » » « « « »
3eattle_T Wash. 2/.
Los Angeles, Cal. .
San Pedro ;, Calif..
Honolulu; T . H . o .. .
Other ports, . . ,
9 • « « •
DEPARTED,...
0 « ft •
I e a • • e • «
New York, N. Y. .
Chi cope 6;, Mass . ,
Sostonj Mass,
Philadelphia, Pa. . . .
Baltimore, Md
!>orf olk,^ Va..,.,.o.o
Miami, Fla <,. ....... .
', Palm Beachj Fla..
Key West., Fla
San Juan. P. R.. .
^irgin Islands,
rampa Fla.,..,,,,,
iobile^ Ala , ,
Jew Orleans^ La. ... ,
Jalveston_, Tex. .....
3an Francisco, Cal.
L»«flt«9«
!«««•«
By sea and by air
Aliens
Citi-
zens
635,902
\
3B4.236
2-084
13,123
iai8
1,289
481
9,012
4,175
24,809
5,643
6,365
636
23,809
185
11,970
122
5 , 048
5,369
830
13., 895
9,989
79 "",108
375,282
15,353
25,128
670
1,036
420
jl99,835
4,741
22, 274
23, 737
3,186
7,644
6,005
21^ 289
143
20, 884
39
19.904
10,880
1,143
17,306
20„ 209
Total
1,433,010 325,016
Aliens
759,518
17,437
38,251
1,788
2,325
901
311, 549
13,753
26,449
48,546
8,829
U,009
6,641
45,098
328
32,854
161
24,952
16,249
1,973
31, 201
30,198
385.859 812.644 1.198,503
196„ 852 424.110
607! 20,884
5,088
364
388
112
10'7,381
914
3,628
16, 092
5,550
4,945
132
10, 525
244
5,774
102
617
4,534
791
13,762
7,457
'ortland_, Ore
Seattle,, V/ash, 2/...
■iOS iingeles, Cal...,
San Pedro, Cal,.... .
ionoLolu, T. H. .....
)ther ports. ........
■J Exclusive of travel over international land
y Includes Anchorage, Alaska,
16,273
460
794
261
194, 502
4,665
22., 243
21,697
3,199
7,039
261
22, 298
290
17, 082
59
13 n 746
9,781
1,810
15,382
15. 808
620, 962
21,491
21, 361
824
1,182
373
301, 883
5,579
25,871
37,789
8,749
11, 984
393
32,823
534
22,856
161
14,363
14,315
2,601
29,144
23,265
265, 246
5,557
1,048
1,263
455
5,923
130
7
5,671
4,317
263
518
12,685
185
10, 041
' 122
2,868
20
830
1,907
5,960
1^-634
By sec
Citi-
zens
297,689
210,477
12, 923
608
930
399
23, 934
620
16
4,075
1,804
168
1,000
3,129
143
20, 100
39
9,494
8
1,143
1, 241
5,438
Total Aliens
By air
Citi-
zens
622,705 310,866 499,419
475,723
18, 480
1.656
2,193
854
29,857
750
23
9,746
6,121
431
1,518
15,814
328
30,141
161
12,362
28
1,973
3,U8
11,398
118, 990
2,084
7,566
70
26
26
05, 791
8,882
4,168
19,138
1,326
6,102
118
11,124
1,929!
164,805
15,353
12, 205
62
106
21
175,901
4,121
22, 258
19, 662
1,382
7,476
5,005
18, 160
Total
810,305
283, 795
17,437
19,771
132
132
47
281, 692
13,003
26,426
38,800
2,708
13,578
5,123
29,284
784 2,713
2., 180 10.410
5,349 10,872
11,988
4,029
16, 065
14, 771
110,713 244,338
4, 069 10, 722
338 348
368 726
112 261
27, 616
'617
479.467 241,225 477.811
12,590
16, 221
28,053
18,800
112^016
355,051
14,791
686
1,094
373
35,483
724
5,308
6,297
177
393
5,927
534
20, 625
161
13,403
20
2; 600
3,496
12,324
86,139 179,772
607 20,884
1,0191 5,551
112
201 68
99,514 166,886
807 1 4,048
3,'
628
13,804
1,127
4,858
9,039
1,688
-
267
4, 519
1
11,436
2,726
22,243
18', 677
1,325
6,949
17,857
543
693
9,776
14,212
8,215
265, 911
21,491
6,570
138
86
266, 400
4,855
25,871
32,481
2,452
11,807
26,896
2,231
960
14,295
1
25, 648
10,941
boundaries ,
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABLE 31. PASSENGER TRAVEL TO THE UNITED STATES FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES,
BY COUNRTY OF MBARKATION : YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1952 1/
Country of
embarkation
All countries.
Europe
Belgium
Denmark
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Iceland
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Spain....
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey in Europe.
United Kingdom...
Yugoslavia. ......
Other Europe
By sea and by air
Aliens
Asia ,
China ,
India ,
Iraq
Israel
Japan and Korea. . ,
Lebanon
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
Other Asia
Oceania.
Australia
New Zealand. . ,
Other Oceania.
Africa ,
Egypt ,
Union of S. Africa,
Other Africa ,
635.902
367.905|
4,751
4,746
253
44,718
128,433
7,617
623
5,884
21,4«1
22,665
7,077
3,480
9,270
7,420
2,770
86
93,631
209
2,7a
25.251
Citi-
zens
797,108
285.416
776
247
163
1,075
13,571
717
4,221
30
4,451
5.546
3,853
1,332
361
593
554
550
3,0 a
3,060
49
78,100
36,951
3,650
1,274
9,677
30,920
13,896
4,522
6,352
2,729
6,215
2,855
112
78,731
91
3,201
Total
1.433.010
653.341
58.0/J.
372
317
1,463
40,049
981
6,0£5
1,340
6,653
3.079
1,5a
581
957
6,139
714
688
4,737
7,802
7,806
302
122,818
165,434
11,267
1,897
15,561
52,401
36,561
11,599
9,832
11,999
13,635
5,625
198
172,362
300
5,942
83.295
Aliens
325.016
278,459
1,620
619
480
2,538
53,620
1,698
10,246
1,370
11,104
8.625
5,394
1,913
1,318
7,836
1,242
5,287
1,383
2,836
193
31,384
112,652
7,006
237
3,823
18,352
14,281
5,549
858
5,358
5,630
82
65,991
209
2,635
15.566
By sea
Citi-
zens^
297.689
179.968
139
127
101
534
8,884
425
1,847
10
3,499
363
280
58
25
907
347
220
473
1,449
25
53,566
21,424
2,737
57
5,054
24,394
7,965
3,676
934
794
5,023
108
49,874
91
2,324
31.777
Total
622.705
458.427
202
224
218
865
21,967
504
3,824
5
3,968
m.
178
47
115
1,374
"215
508
648
1,856
4,285
218
84,950
134,076
9,743
294
8,877
42,746
22,246
9,225
1,792
6,152
10,653
190
115,865
300
4,959
47.343
Aliens
310.886
89.446
341
351
319
1,399
30,851
929
5,671
15
7,467
703
458
105
140
2,281
855
868
3,368
1,910
60
13,334
15,831
611
386
2,061
3,129
8,384
1,528
2,622
3,912
1,790
2,770
4
27,640
106
9.685
By air
Citi-
zens
499.419
105.468
637
120
62
5a
4,687
292
2,374
20
952
5.183
3,573
1,274
336
790
"25J
207
330
2,578
1,611
24
24,534
15,527
913
1,217
4,623
6,526
5,931
846
5,a8
1,935
1,192
2,855
4
28,857
877
26.267
Total
810.305
194.914
642
148
99
598
18,082
477
2,201
1,335
2,685
2,739
1,363
534
842
4,765
180
4,089
5,946
3,521
84
37,868
31,358
1,524
1,603
6,684
9,655
14,315
2,374
8,040
5,847
2,982
5,625
8
56,497
983
35.952
1,279
268
161
1,139
22,769
769
4,575
1,355
3,637
7.922
4,936
1,808
1,178
5,555
11^
387
4,a9
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 31. PASSENGER TRAVEL TO THE UMTTED STATES FRai FOREIGN COUNTRIES j
BY COUOTRY OF EMBARKATIONS YEAR END5D JUNE 30, 1952 l/ (Cont'd)
By sea and by air
Coutntry of
embarkation
3rth America
H6XXCO0 ooooooeoowoooo
n6SL XnCLXOS •oooooooao
D 6t*~!ulllQ a 0 oooueeooooo
British West Indies
Cuba
Dominican Republic »
French West Indies »
n&XvX ooo*aoo»ooooeo
Netho West Indies
Central America, 0090.
British Honduras
Canal Zone & Panama
vOSX'a XkXCoo 00000000
El Salvadoro.oo.oo.
LrUcl v6iL3.JL» 9 oaooooeoo
nOntJXUT'd.S 0OO000O0004
Nicaraguaooooo
lull America o ooa*o«ooo
ir^enttXna ooosooee»«oo
jOXlvXau ouoooottoeoAeo
^FaZXX oao»oooooo«a(i«o
British Guiana»eoooe«
Mle
Colombia,
Seuador«,»a.
Falkland Islands
'rench Guiana
|'araguay«,09e
lurinamC Netho Gxiiana)
'rU^'UB.yo voooooooooooe
9n6ZlieX& «*o«ooooeo«o
•g of carriers
'nited States aaoosaa*
vreX^no ooooaoooooooa
1 Exclusive of travel over land borders
oooooooooooeooeo
ooo»«e90oooft
»»oaooa90
o o « 0 0
OO09«0OO
»OOO0900«
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
I
TABLE 32. PASoENGER TRAVEL FROM THE UNITED STATES TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES,
BY COUNTRY OF DEBARKATION: YEAR EI\IDED JUNE 30, 1952 1/
Cotmtry of
debarkation
By sea and by air
Aliens
Citi-
zens
Total
Aliens
By sea
Citi"
zens
Total
Aliens
Citi-^!
zens
Total
All countries . . . .
Lurope
Belgium
Denmark...
Finland
France. ,
Germany
Greece ,
Iceland.
Ireland,.. ,
Italy
Netherlands ,
Norway, ,
Portugal ,
Spain .,
Sweden ,
Switzerland , .
Turkey in Europe,.,
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
3ia.
China
India
Iraq
Israel,,
Japan and Korea,..,
Lebanon
Philippines , ,
Saudi Arabia,
Other Asia,
:eania, ,
Australia
New Zealand
Other Oceania,
'rica
Egypt
Union of S. Africa.
Other Africa
J85,859
812.644
1,198.503 144,634
334,833
479,467
241,225
477.811 719.036
163,218
322,868
2,568
3,197
263
33,638
8,428
2,376
320
3,669
10,708
11,604
4,990
2,504
3,483
■5,656
2,433
77
66,496
82
726
12,900
353
199
7
1,136
6,701
468
2,670
47
1,319
7,000
3,169
3,875
334
77,138
44,503
5,035
616
10,800
35,409
16,779
5,525
6,234
3,346
6,665
3,526
188
97,238
155
2,333
52.273
486.086
4,861
1,615
524
1,482
836
544
94
2,787
31,142
1,844
5,656
1,925
7,445
2,714
5,737
7,072
597
110,776
52,931
7,411
936
14,469
46.117
28,383
10,515
8,738
6,829
12,321
5,959
265
163,734
237
3,059
65,173
-,631
511
572
10.527
1,189
743
101
3,923
37,843
2,312
8,326
1,972
8,764
Ji^L
6,492
2,126
1,096
12,009
423
565
494
1,115
985
8,427
1,538
1,550
8,921
102,095
206.559
308.654
955
1,659
257
21,184
4,631
2,089
147
2,505
8,561
6,137
4,180
1,098
1,126
4,246
39
42,697
82
502
7,675
82
151
647
4,054
314
1,475
10
942
508
1,082
1,619
328
53,194
26,089
4,045
44
6,616
27,188
9,522
4,406
2,128
1,218
5,183
96
61,779
152
1,870
34,004
2,037
3,278
585
74,378
30,720
6,134
191
9,121
35,749
15,659
8,586
3,226
2,344
9,429
135
104,476
234
2,372
41,679
61.123
Il6,309!l7?,432
1,613
2,087
1,538
2,256
6
b
12,454
23,944
3,797
18,414
287
990
173
572
1,164
4,184
2,147
8,221
5,467
7,257
810
1A19
1,406
4 s 106
2,357
2,128
1,410
1,482
2,433
3,526
38
92
23,799
35,459
224
5,225
3
463
,18.269
203
kl7
1,758
23,217
965
3,469
44
3,931
435
285
568
2,405
27,271
1,279
4,944
54
4,873
943
271
48
7
489
2,647
154
1,195
37
377
6,492
633
127
94
1,029
7,925
879
2,187
1,881
3,514
2.279
3,700
3,794
12
36,398
223211,
1,27?
745
5.348
10,368
12,724
1,929
5,512
4.485
2,892
5,959
130
59,258
3
687
904
175
101
1.518
10,572
1,033
3,382
1,918
3.891
328
55
125
926
252
17
166
3,137
580
72
291
4.063
4,533
1,560
399
556
258
439
229
412
796
1,929
670
1,235
2,158
165
126
265
l.,379
494
406
7.390
703
189
6,498 j 6,763
^
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
I
TABLE 32. PASSENGER TRAVEL FROM THE UNITED STATES TO FOREIGN COUNTRIES,
BY COUl-JTRY OF DEBARKATION: YEAR ETJDED JUNE 30, 1952 (Cont'd) 1/
Country of
debarkation
By sea and by air
Aliens
Citi-
zens
Total
Aliens
By sea
Citi-
zens
Total
Aliens
By air
Citi-
zens
Total
North Araerica,
Canada
Greenland,,,
Mexico
West Indies,,,
Beinnuda
British West Indies
Cuba,...
Dominican Republic,
French V/est Indies,
Haiti
Neth,j 'tjTest Indies.,
Central America. , ..,♦
British Honduras
Canal Zone & Panama
Costa Rica,,,,.,,,,
El Salvador,...,,,,
Guatemala ,
Honduras , . , , ,
Nicaragua ,
iOuth America. .........
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
British Guiana, ,...,,
Chile
Colombia ,.,,
Ecuador ,
French Guiana
Paraguay
Peru
Surinam(Neth, Guiana)
Uruguay , ,,
Venezuela, ,,
La^^ of carrier;
United States.
Foreign
131,/f^?
385.307
536.766
22,536
80.897
103A33
128,923
304.410
433.333
6,983
12
6,409
124.739
7,051
30,620
76,486
5,026
759
2,344
2,453
13.316
17,871
5,694
14,846
315.884
24,854
5,706
21,255
440,623
70,713
69,526
154,706
12,450
317
5,172
3,000
31,012
77,764
100,146
231,192
17,476
1,076
7,516
5,453
44 » 328
3,644
286
16,899
9,856
6
488
58.565
4,338
817
1,858
3,550
1,884
869
49.800
4,907
366
9,801
620
1,605
10,695
1,504
75
25
3,876
320
763
15,243
183,678
202,181
2
21,663
836
1,580
4,568
1,825
538
38,9^^
3,462
161
8,071
490
1,639
4,512
719
44
21
3,635
110
610
15,481
506,429
306,215
2
26,001
1.653
3,438
8,118
3,709
1,407
88,755
8,369
527
17,872
1,110
3.244
15,207
2,223
119
46
7,511
430
1,373
30,724
690.107
508,396
T
1,583
5,512
3,258
995
131
67
353
1,707
18,810
8,568
28,185
2,U3
21
97
741
11.982
13,500
6
774
7^,464
3,339
12
6,123
107.840
20,393
14,080
36,443
3,138
152
164
1,094
13.689
5,468
25,108
68,228
4,031
628
2,277
2,100
11.609
8,015
5,688
14,358
257.319
11,354
5,700
20,481
365,1^9.
51,903
60,958
126,521
10,307
296
5,075
2,259
19.030
57,371
86,066
194,749'
14,338
924
7,352
4,359
30,639
758
71
64
318
496
10«894
2
9,853
155
32
1,247
691
2
9.801
2
10,611
226
96
1,565
1,187
2
20.695
3,580
746
1,794
3,232
1,388
869
38,906
1,793
2,225
53
618
1,400
157
395
13
292
3,948
38,461
106,173
1,790
2,346
183
718
708
251
5
592
21
298
2,889
155,294
179,539
3,583
4,571
236
1,336
2,108
408
5
987
34
590
6,837
193.755
285,712
3,114
366
7,576
5b7
987
9,295
1,347
75
2*^
3,481
307
471
11,295
11,810
681
1,548
3,321
1,134
536
29.154
1,672
161
5,725
307
921
3,804
468
39
21
3,043
89
312
12.592
15,390
1,427
3,342
6,553
2,522
1>405
68,060
4,786
527
13,301
874
1,908
13,099
1,815
114
46
6,524
396
783
23,887
145,217
96,008
351,135 496,352
126,676 222,684
1
Exclusive of travel over land borders.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABLE 37. DECLARATIONS OF INTE[^TION FILED, PETITIONS FOR NATUR/iLI^ATION FILED,
AND PERSONS NATURALI2.ED : YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 1907 to 1952
Declara-
Petitions
Persons naturalized i
Period
tions
filed
filed
Civilian
Military
Total
1907 - 1952
8,414,966
7.160.596
6,190,002
472,756
6.662,758
1907 - 1910
526.322
164,036
111,738
111, 738
1911 - 1920
2,686,909
1,381,384
884.672
244,300
1,128,972
1911
189, 249
74,740
56,683
-
56, 683
1912
171,133
95,661
70,310
-
70,310
1913
182, 095
95,380
83, 561
-
83, 561
1914
214, 104
124,475
104, 145
-
104,145
1915
247,958
106,399
91,848
-
91,848
1916
209, 204
108, 767
87,831
-
87,831
1917
A /i 0,651
130,865
88,104
-
88, 104
1918
342, 283
169,507
87,456
63,993
151,449
1919
391,156
256,858
89, 023
128,335
217,358
1920
299, 076
218, 732
125, 711
51,972
177,683
1921 - 1930
'2,* 769*614'*
949*«*«9«99«9«
1,884,277
"i,' 716 '979°°
"*56,*266'"
'1*773 ,'185
1921
303, 904
195,534
163,656
17,636
181, 292 "
1922
273, 511
162, 638
160, 979
9,468
170,447
1923
296,636
165, 168
137,975
7,109
145, 084 ••
1924
424, 540
177,117
140,340
10, 170
150, 510 1
1925
277, 218
162, 258
152,457
-
152,457
1926
277,539
172, 232
146, 239
92
U6,331
1927
258,295
240,339
195,493
4,311
199,804 j
1928
254,588
240,321
228, 006
5,1A9
233,155
1929
280, 645
255,519
224,197
531
224, 728
1930
62, 138
113,151
167,637
1,740
169,377
1931 - 1940
*i°369,°479*'
"i*637'ii3***
'*i,°498.°573°*
Q9909e9«9«9O
19,891
'i*5i8,*464
1931
106, 272
145,474
140, 271
3,224
143,495
1932
101,345
131, 062
136, 598
2
136, 600
1933
83, 046
112,629
112, 368
995
113,363
1934
108, 079
117,125
110,867
2,802
113, 669
1935
136,524
131,378
118,945
-
118,945
1936
148, 118
167,127
140, 784
481
141,265
1937
176,195
165,464
162, 923
2,053
164,976
1938
150,673
175,413
158,142
3,936
162, 078
1939
155,691
213,413
185,175
3,638
188,813
1940
203,536
278 . 028
232, 500
2,760
235, 260
1941 - 1950
a90909e9«99«
920, 284
"i!938.'666'*'
*'i,'837*229"
OO99«9««««0«
149,799
1,987,* 628
1941
224, 123
277,807
275, 747
1,547
277,294
1942
221, 796
343,487
268, 762
1,602
270,364
1943
115, 664
377,125
281,459
37,474 1/
318,933
1944
42,368
325,717
392, 766
49, 213 1/
441,979
1945
31,195
195, 917
208, 707
22,695 y
231,402
1946
28, 787
123,864
134,849
15,213 1/
150, 062
1947
37, 771
88,802
77,442
16,462 y
93, 904
1948
60,187
68, 265
69, 080
1,070
70,150
1949
64,866
71,044
64,138
2,456
66,594
1950
93, 527
66, 038
64,279
2,067
66,346 j
'1
1951
»9ft««099C09C
91,497
*°***6i,'634*"
• 99999999C990
53, 741
975
««990&9999.
54,716
1952
111, 461
94.086
87,070 1,585 1
88,655 1
1/ Members of tl
ae armed for
:es include l,i
+25 naturalized overseas i
n 1943;
6,496 in 1
944j 5,666 ii
1 1945; 2,054 :
Ln 1946; and f
.,370 in 1947
e
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
■
r
1
TABLE 38. PERSONS NATURALISED, BY ULiiSSES UNbKt. THE iJATlONALIiY LAWS 1/ ANL COUNTRY
OR REGION OF FOkl^iER /jLLEGIAIm'CE; Yiuhii. ^lu.hhl) JUi.-. 30. 19^2
Country or region
of forraer
allegiance
All countries .........
Europe„ , „
Axistria
Belgiiim
British Empire.
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia ,
Denmark. ,>
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece, ........
H^jngary. ,
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lith\xania
Netherlands. ...
Norway.
Poland. ........
Portugal
Rumania
Spain, „ „ o . . . .
Sweden ,,.....
Switzerland, .
JoOoOerLo e • • • «
Yugoslavia. . ,
O^ner Europe,
» • o o o I
iisia, ,0.. .,..
Cnina , «
Israel, o . .
Japan ....o,
Lebanon
Palestine >.
Philippines
Syria •••
O^-Zner Asia
North America, . . . .
Canada
Mexico
West Indies
Central America.
Total
number
2,043
13, 538
1,707
Under
general
natural-
ization
provi-
sions
26,920
20^^^0
^__
933
128
J^xi£kk.
10, 004
2,496
942
602
508
99
l2_882
AJiSl.
2,993
871
420
207
152
31
933
South America
Africa, , . , , ,
Stateless & miscellaneous,,
l7~" See also table 47 for detailed figures on naturalization by statutory provisions,
2^/ Figure included 722 Filipinos with U.
Persons naturalized
1
l^arried
to
U. S.
citizens
58.027
46.457
1,213
491
11,087
36
1,059
361
99
316
1,625
9,292
1,181
792
1,572
7,295
140
349
609
571
3,073
771
355
359
658
260
1,993
481
419
1-457
490
69
1
154
69
416
101
157
8j_818
6,561
1,424
481
352
334
66
895
Children
of U. S,
citizens
760
Jt22_
23
10
99
14
1
4
5
18
92
31
5
10
77
1
2
6
13
28
23
3
1
4
2
8
9
3
60
Military i Other
1^585
li36j
2/
28
4
2
2
13
2
9
198
160"
22
7
8
.611
11
8
164
1
14
10
1
10
19
62
16
14
21
89
3
5
14
14
59
5
7
8
13
4
26
9
6
502
23
469
1
6
214
170
20
20
14
2
JO.
461
7
6
96
9
4
3
3
13
42
11
6
5
134
1
3
3
8
24
16
6
15
10
6
20
8
2
JZ6L
28
1
730
76
9
14
14
16
S. residence prior to May 1, 1934.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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TABLE 42. PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY SEX AND MAHITAL STATUS WITH COMPARATIVE
PERCENT OF TOTAL; YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 19hU TO 1952
Sex and
iflarital
status
19AA1/
19451/
19461/
1947
194S
1949
1950
1951
1952
Nvuaber
Both sexes
Single. . .
Married. .
Widowed. ,
Divorced.
Male
Single...
Married. .
V/idowed.,
Divorced.
Female
Single...
Married. .
Midowed. .
Divorced.
4^5,48^ 225,7^6
14B,008 93.904
71,278
327,459
29, 067
7,679
40,014
163:, 200
17,335
5.187
196,22';
45.725
139, 950
7,007
3,545
30, 236
101,828
12,207
3,737
19,697
64, 704
6^988
2,515
35^942
2,032
1,457
239i2^6 114,672.
25,553 16,713
187, 509 82, 629
70.150
12, 206
50,518
5,429
In 997
T
66,594
31
7,449
23, 200
1,466
1,032
9,623
50, 723
4,604
1,644
8,489
52,025
4,218
1,614
5,859
44,333
3,262
1,262
19,833
1,089
801
745 18. 711
5,710 3,489'
18,345 14,100
921 615
769 ! 507
83821
72, 578
5,450
I08O6
28^2L
37,003 38,729
4,757
27,318
3,963
965
• • c e o o o <
3.481 t
30,890
3o515
843
40., 601
5,276
21,, 791
896
634
2, 7?9
33, 680
3.297
845
I o o o o o •
2,370
30,233
o<>oo«eo«ooooo*«oe*
Both sexgs_
Single „.,
I4arried, .
viTidowed. .
Divorced.
Male
Single...
Married. .
Vi/'idowed..
Divorced.
Female
Single., ,
Married..
Widowed. .
Divorced.
Does not include 6,496 members of the armed forces naturalized overseas in 1944j
5,666 in 19455 and 2,054 in 1946.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Natxxralization Service
TABLE 43. PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY SEX AND AGE
YEARS EIMDED JUNE 30. 19/Ji TO 1952
Sex and age
19Ui/
1945i/
19461/ 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951
1952
Both sexes
Undei' 21 years
21 to 25 "
26 to 30 "
31 to 35 "
36 to 40 "
ifl to 45 •-'
46 to 50 "
51 to 55 "
56 to 60 ••
61 to 65 "
66 to 70 "
71 to 75 "
Over 75 "
^le
Under 21 years
21 to 25
26 to 30
31 to 35
36 to 40
41 to 45
46 to 50
.51 to 55
56 to 60
61 to 65
6<: to 70
71 to 75
Over 75
ferny, e
Under 21 years
21 to 25 "
26 to 30 "
31 to 35 "
36 to 40 "
41 to 45 "
46 to 50 "
51 to 55 "
56 to 60 "
61 to 65 "
66 to 70 "
71 to 75 "
Over 75 "
^35.483
225.736
148,008 93.904 70.150 66.594 66
W^
5,609
19,441
22,979
43,893
61,139
65, 517
65, 280
57,915
44,273
27,173
14,418
5,534
2,312
196. 227
5,378
11,915
11,394
19, 636
24,960
25,416
24, 659
25,108
21,986
14,303
7,371
2,904
1,197
239,256
231 '
7,526
11,585
24,257
36,179
40, 101
40, 621
32, 807
22,287
12,870
7,047
2,630
1,115
1,669
8,246
11,540
14,902
24,399
29, 976
32,131
32,856
29,409
20, 864
11,952
5,226
2,566
111.05?
1, 579
4,115
5,191
6,668
10,772
13, 777
14,770
15,788
15,658
11,955
6,537
2,846
1,403
114,67'
90
4,131
6,349
8,234
13, 627
16,199
17,361
17, 068
13,751
8,909
5,415
2,380
1,163
1,244
7,269
7,818
10,823
16, 289
19,341
20,142
20, 783
18, 599
13,185
7,636
3,298
1,581
• o o o o e • <
74,250
544
5,495
6,627
7,221
11,205
14,091
13,137
11, 531
9,601
7,347
4,260
1,953
892
47?^
2,970
3,783
4,131
7,867
11,113
11,170
9,481
8,018
5,637
3,304
1,445
755
987
6,297
-.==±
8i,i^
6, 074 8, 570
4,
1,115
3,297
3,719
5,116
7,902
9,151
9,481
10,095
9,926
7,535
4, 236
1,819
858
> « » « O O « '
,758
129
3,972
4,099
5,707
8,387
10,190
10, 661
10, 688
8,673
5,650
3,400
1,479
723
!•••••
52.998
6,122
5,051
4,195
2,310
1,075
478
40.?06
138
2,463
2,486
3,148
4,780
5,906
5,632
5,409
4,550
3,152
1,950
878
414
:?3,147
1,003
7,742
886 5,355
7,107 6,535
9,164 8,144
9,198 8,239
7,822 6.937
6,441 5,773
4,473 4,298
2,551 2,289
1, 052
9,785
14,739
8,890
8,301
9,190
9,790
9,090
7,337
5,318
3,077
1,374
712
• • o o • ii o •[« eoooooo''o«oo*o*
257
711
1,094
1,569
3,672
5,625
5,679
4,535
4,098
2,981
1,737
766
423
» « ft tt 0 o o
2,259
2,689
2,562
4,195
5,488
5,491
4,946
3,920
2,656
1,567
679
332
1,239
1,705
1,925
3,257
4,254
4,271
3,488
2,971
2,186
1,297
570
269
371
1,732
2,375
2,026
2,825
3,574
3,615
2,870
2,471
2, 052
1,088
■467
279
c o o e e o o oPo o e o o • c «
38.729
554
5,058
4,369
2,961
3,850
4,910
4,927
4,334
3,470
2,287
1,254
514
241
282
1,019
1,835
1,510
2, 003
2,387
2,868
2,192
1,779
1,356
882
417
181
ccveeo^tt
Mx52Z
5,219
6,460
3,241
3,476
3,740
3,831
3,362
2,697
1,913
1,002
406
214
Does not include 6,496 members of the armed forces nattiralized overseas in 1944;
5,666 in 1945 j and 2,054 in 1946.
• a • • e •
60., 05s
64?
7,895
11,370
6,060
5,214
6,105
5,923
4,737
3.282
1,824
760
388
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 44. PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY STATES AImD TERRITORIES OF RESIDENCE
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30. 1948 TO 1952
State of residence
1948
1949
1950
1951 1952
Total.
Alabama....
Arizona. ...
Arkansas. . .
California,
Colorado.. .
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia I
Florida. ,
Georgia
Idaho . . . ,
Illinois.
Indiana..
Iowa
Kansas. ..
Kentucky ,
Louisiana.. .. ,
Maine ,
Maryland
Massachusetts,
Michigan.. . ,
Minnesota. ..
Mississippi,
Missouri. , . .
Montana. . . ..
Nebraska. . . . . ,
Nevada » . ,
New Hampshire.
New Jersey. . . ,
New Mexico. , , ,
New York, ......
North Carolina.
North Dakota, . .
Ohio ..,.,.
Oklahoma
70.150
66.594
66,346
34.716
8^^655
102
305
30
9,194
243
1,987
77
350
823
62
125
3,259
505
245
159
68
342
517
539
4,618
3,665
560
47
413
172
148
116
322
4,114
98
25,238
103
148
1,848
no
109
329
60
9,370
324
1,861
85
430
1,069
157
76
3,297
418
224
159
55
273
557
509
5,021
3,301
660
60
483
193
135
71
371
3,448
117
21,174
126
lifl
2,285
120
140
341
44
9,488
358
1,753
90
466
957
200
85
3,367
577
329
198
198
245
475
489
4,861
3,475
567
60
502
166
156
68
318
3,742
125
20,499
188
93
2,254
160
126
283
52
7,879
381
1,093
59
371
1,276
126
93
2,201
403
257
265
107
270
591
558
3,436
2,763
545
86
451
136
170
55
252
2,700
134
17,990
210
138
1,386
234
231
387
108
12,258
533
2,864
178
615
1,524
553
156
2,942
1,048
445
340
290
411
737
949
6,593
5,288
722
111
726
236
253
106
431
4,131
164
27, 120
359
108
2,855
305
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE Wfo PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY STATES AND TERRITORIES OF RESIDENCE
YEARS EI\'D£D JUNE
State of residence
UX^6^0n oooooooo**900oeoooecoo
lkXXOLL6 ^v^^aXiUo eaoftoooovoooooe
South Carolinao oooooo.oooooo
OOUX*fl ^o.iCOX>3,o ooo*ooeoooooooo
Tennessee^
Texas.
'ooooooooooeovoooeoo
>oooooooooo««eooo9oeoooo
U ualio «eooooo*ooso*ooeooooooo
V 6x HLOIiXr oooooooooooaeoooooeco
V X"^JXlJ.a eoooo«Doo*eooooooooo
W a, iJ n Xn ^ L/ Oil o ooeoooo««ooooooe»
West Virginia., ».. o. o ..,,«.. .
Wisconsin
Wyoming a,.
eooooooooooeeo«oooo
ooooo«09oseee*«oee
Territories and possessions
Alaska
Hawaii o » . .
Puerto RicOo .
Virgin Islands » <>.<.. o
All other, . . » . »
ooooe«o9soeoeoeeoo
oooooo«*O00<»oeo
o o o e e o o
ooooooooovooo
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 45. PERSONS NATUiiALIZED, cY SPECIFIED COUNTRIES OF FORI-lER ALLEGIANCE
AND BY RURAL At.D URB/iN AKEA A1\ID CITY l/; YEAR MDlJJ JUNE 30. 1952
Class of place
and city
Tctalo
■ 9oef)tsettoo<
) • » o • • •
an
oeooo«»o«9ooei
0? Angeles J, Calif.,
. p.kland <, Calif
•an Diego, Calif, , . .
an Francisco, Calif.
ridgeportp Conn. . . .
idrt ford, Conno
New Haven, Conn
' 1!= b ingt on., D . C . . = ,
riicago. 111,
Total
MaML
2i,JM.
51,428
> o o • o • o
'M Orleans, La
altimores Md,.,.,..
jston<, Mass ,,
jabridge. Mass . . . , ,
ill River^ Mass . , , .
'W Bedford.. Mass..,
: ingf ield , Mass . , .
rcester, l-Iass,,..,
'.-■rtroitj Mich.....,,
inneapolis^ Minn . . ,
-to Louis, Mo.o..,..
Jersey City, N, J,,.
Newarkj No J...
o o o o o
New York, N.
Rochester, N
o o o e o o
• o 9 e o 0 0
' o o o e 0
Paterson, No J
Buffalo, N, Y,,,,,.
Y,
Y
Cincinnati, Ohio..
Cleveland., Ohio
Portland, Ore.......
Philadelphia, Pa, , . .
Pittsburgh, Pao^.,,,
Scranton, Pa,..,.,,.
Pi c-ridence, R. I« . . .
San Antonio, Tex. . . .
Seattle, Wash. „
Milwaukee, Wis ......
Other cities.
2,859
432
663
2,187
274
416
342
615
575
1,969
221
521
1,558
249
270
198
203
268
2,746
199
304
247
426
158
546
21,
357
o o • ft e o o
Jtlying territories
and possessions. „o
»L1 others
7^
. 9. £* ^ }* .** ^^ ^ P** ^^
272
287
771
329
1,408
362
37
300
281
612
280
6,686
746
230
British
Empire
14,993
lOx^^L. 2,313
^,42^
7,142
290
109
151
339
27
78
39
95
181
199
29
66
146
41
33
40
71
31
361
11
41
25
48
20
76
2,579
53
43
96
46
229
73
6
80
53
80
17
1,240
73
Canada
10. 004
Country of former allegiance
Germany
1,522
3.758
4.668
540
3
6
14
27
64
23
61
61
174
10
25
394
63
15
13
3
64
1,065
34
14
4
12
4
148
599
54
8
58
120
39
10
1
26
2
210
22
678
38
18
12, »8
1,85?
3,?82
7.539
Rural - Population of less than 2,500, Urban
Cities •= Population of 100,000 or over.
169
39
35
202
22
22
13
84
58
366
33
8B
81
21
6
2
12
12
188
34
71
26
61
19
78
3,824
43
106
99
39
263
50
6
24
39
62
95
1,147
108
-JO
Italy
9.720
786
2,66^
6.241
121
38
51
218
85
97
139
49
4
183
18
76
279
25
3
2
38
31
253
6
30
90
102
57
74
3,103
39
25
77
9
182
54
3
52
6
18
18
586
13
Poland
Ix^^
2,851 j 31,691
J21
1.103
4,350
1^
2
7
46
16
45
34
29
18
231
8
46
86
10
15
8
17
19
230
10
17
21
39
15
71
2,552
20
7
74
4
100
34
7
16
1
10
19
299
h
216
2,045
154
11
11
94
4
22
24
26
18
65
1
46
124
4
3
4
8
6
50
4
18
5
30
3
7
933
7
8
29
10
150
6
1
9
1
7
10
132
JJ^
-^81_1__8,J20
1,418
230
402
1.274
93
88
70
271
235
751
122
174
448
B5
195
129
54
105
599
100
113
76
134
40
92
7,767
56
90
338
101
445
135
13
93
179
225
99
2,604
511
- Population of 2,500 to 99,999.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE k6. PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY COUNTRY OR REGION OF BIETH AND YEAE OF ENTRY:
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30. 1952
Country or region
of birth
Number
natu-
ral-
ize..
1952
1951
1950
1940-
1949
Year of entry
1930-
1222_
1920-
1929
1910-
1?1?
1900-
1909
1890-
1899
Be-
fore
1890
All countries . . .
Europe
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway.
Poland
Portugal
Rumania
Spain..
Sweden
Switzerland
(England. . .
United (N. Ireland
Kingdom( Scotland. .
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe ...,..,
Asia
China
India
Japan
A aj.esuxne. .........
Philippines
Other Asia
North America
Canada.....
Mexico
West Indies
Central America,..,
Other No. America,,
South America, ..,...,
Africa
Australia & New Zeal.
Other countries ....,,
88.655
6i*6li
2,115
741
83
2,258
530
154
546
1,822
14,637
1,539
1,391
2,316
9,518
297
601
879
851
6,267
1,119
671
56a
880
4i:3
6,601
602
2,090
297
3,281
956
592
4.367
1,115
137
39
85
1,824
1,167
iz^m
11,268
2,479
2,841
659
467
675
421
778
§1
JiL
JOk.
Ml.
48.198
5.085 17.551
?.?io
iii^
ML
467
il.
221
6
5
1
2
5
2
2
1
20
7
2
1
2
6
20
31
5
3
2
31
1
4
1
6
7
5
3
5
15
1
4
4
7
29
5
1
1
12
10
15
5
7
10
26
7
7
1
22
7
2
8
4
2
3
15
103
9
9
6
60
1
4
1
3
20
8
1
2
3
3
21
7
5
1
334 36.023
8
1
n
15
36
6
18
3
36
6
5
2
2
17467
619
46
1,545
258
128
204
1,502
10,675
699
668
662
3,874
209
203
566
397
3,644
253
349
186
190
211
4,573
294
676
177
920
510
318
1.749
3.463
499
87
26
50
486
601
72
16
9
116
27
7
37
55
830
133
65
188
684
6
23
41
44
161
49
32
43
43
30
312
58
193
18
48
58
65
Ml
103
7
4
14
215
60
8.92511.139
5,946!
477
1,747
532
223
406
350
717
28
829
131
130
24
25
45
15
19
1
11.638
174
43
7
203
125
12
94
122
2,521
255
131
1,060
1,855
18
55
135
216
653
207
130
132
346
89
1,040
176
1,053
74
463
144
105
1.174
2A^
295
20
5
15
652
187
4.558
2,904
1,004
539
52
59
123
24
22
12
191
32
18
215
66
2
134
54
202
322
271
190
1,758
25
181
81
90
1,095
370
85
151
155
39
375
36
109
17
968
148
73
477
4.611
145
16
2
5
no
199
1.901
848
694
31k
23
22
53
12
8
6
141
13
1
142
29
1
60
33
151
113
221
154
1,107
31
119
40
79
611
195
70
45
102
23
185
31
38
7
774
79
16
140
J2L
42
5
1
12
80
-5^
368
in
69
1
5
26
4
5
21
18
2
15
n
6
2
50
13
37
n2
4
15
5
n
56
21
2
2
25
4
31
3
9
2
75
3
2
-22_
326
23
9
.261
200
28
8
4
23
2
2
1
A.
2
2
12
9
2
13
69
8
17
32
2
1
6
8
21
9
2
2
12
9
46
3
8
2
20
5
4
16
9
1
iiL
99
n
1
6
1
2
United States Department of Jiistice
Immigration and Nat\iralization Service
TABLE 46A. PERSONS NATURALIZED, BY COUNTRY OR REGION OF BIRTH AND COUNTRY OR nEGION
OF FORIiER ALLEGIANCE; YEAR fflPED JUNE 30. 1952 ■
Country or region
of birth
All countries . . . .
Europe ,
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Czechoslovakia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hvingary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
R\miania
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
(England....
United (N. Ireland.
Kingdom(Scotland. . .
(Wales
U.S.S.R
Yugoslavia
Other Europe
Asia
China ,
India
Japan ,
Palestine. . ,
Philippines ,
Other Asia. .
iNorth America
Canada
Mexico
West Indies
Central America
Other North America.
South America ,
Africa ,
Australia & New Zealand
Other countries
3
CO
0)
U
+>
o
88.655
64.615
2,115
741
83
2,258
530
154
546
1,822
14,637
1,539
1,391
2,316
9,518
297
601
879
851
6,267
1,119
671
568
880
413
6,601
602
2,090
297
3,281
956
592
4.^67
<D
O
M
68,373
61.924
1,115
137
39
85
1,824
1,167
17.7IA
11,268
2,479
2,841
659
467
675
421
778
8i
1,990
724
76
2,163
522
152
531
1,801
13,654
1,530
1,333
2,304
.9,475
278
577
860
844
5,806
1,114
606
551
868
399
6,468
589
1,997
292
2,934
920
566
862
•H
U
2.183
2.176
183
93
27
9
23
527
4.559
1,790
92
71
1
35
8
130
20
2
2
1
8
12
3
2,187
18
1,995
79
280
196
323
458
a
3
1
1
1
1
Co\jntry or region of former allegiance
•H
H
i2^
690
2
641
10
8
2
<n a)
■H U
■H a,
^1
14.993
9,788
10
11
9
1
11
4
1
5
17
76
1
9
187
29
1
4
3
2
35
2
8
5
9
8
6,422
526
1,979
291
27
5
100
292
I
o
H
CQ
O
sz nj
0) ^
O >
2.091
2.086
42
1
1,928
5
41
33
^Ml
122
508
16
51
85
8
5
12
131
4.266
2,154
7
1,920
69
116
112
82
449
A
522
ii8
510
2.043
1,811
2
9
1
1
1
1
1,684
34
3
10
1
16
1
2
3
7
13
15
1
3
29
13.536
13.484
26
9
82
2
5
2
25
13,1P9
o
<a
(0
U
J2-
1.707
1.602
1.313
9
2
1
4
13
Jk.
84
10
2
1
15
4
1
35
7
27
16
4
6
1,507
1
8
1.319
lA
1
28
1
26
1,214
4
1
21
150
19
6
5
5
12
2
1
1
15
5
5
1
8
4
1
63
80
15
1
7
78
20
1
1
_L.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABLE 46A. FEBSONS HA2^JBALIZBD, BI OOWWKt OB BEGICB OF BIBTH AND OOOOftr QB BEGION
QSt FCRMBB ALLBGIASCB: XEikE WDSD JOMK 30. 1952 CCoat'd)
Cov
fatnr <;
r v»gi
|on of former allc
«J4^
ce
Countiy or region
of birth
J5
1
4
;5
4
t
6
f
d
1
^
^
b
A
S
4
•
1
3
1
1
II
o
o
« tt
g|
o
,81
<«
u
■ri
U
n
s
■s
3?
s
•H
53
All cotintrles . . . .
944
^7i795
3tW
933
illii
XiOp3
1,0,004
^,494
942
^0?
-ia
596
99
;,49?
i22
Europs. , •
228.
26.986
2^
?
^
247
753
?i
112
«
1
36
7
1,424
40
Austria
Rfll irinn. ••.••••••••*
21
1
1
1
1
5
3
lA
14
1
3
1
12
859
1
3
82
52
70
20
6
lU
11
54
267
13
19
2,116
9,392
265
568
837
838
5,511
1,110
542
541
851
365
25
62
17
1
2,810
34
361
432
12
1
3
4
1
2
90
2
1
2
3
1
43
1
3
1
2
1
43
38
1
9
3.413
1
3
1
?o?
1
1
1
1
7
i
10
1
3
4
1
2
86
2
1
1
3
43
3
1
2
1
43
31
1
6
70?
9
13
29
5
1
15
11
17
3
16
11
30
4
11
12
6
151
2
35
1
10
8
123
n
49
2
144
16
8
22
1
2
2
13
2
1
1
9
3
2
1
1
3
1
2
64
1
3
12
2
1
15
4
1
7
1
1
1
6
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
11
3
1
11
3
1
5
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
95
2
4
60
3
6
842
35
5
13
8
6
172
1
16
2
2
1
131
17
3
52
4
Buls&ria. ....•*•*•■••
CzechosloTakia
Dennark •• •
1
Estonia. ..•..*.•..**
_
Finland
^
France. ...*•..•••.••
2
Geraany. • .•
9
Qreece. ...••.•••••••
1
Himearv. ............
1
Ireland
Italy
1
4
Latvia
T.if.hiiani A
«.
Netherlands .••••.•••
<»
Poland ••(••'>••••••*•
1
Ruoan ia oa»«..»ia>***
.,
Sp^in ■.•••••••••ttt**
e.
Sweden. •.•.*••••••••
c
Switzerland
(England. . . .
United (N. Ireland.
KingdoB(Scotland. . .
U.S.S.B
7
1
3
3
1
Other Eiurope
Asia
1
6
1
2
2
no
5
10
10
297
a6
43
5
75
1,795
604
3?
885
1
2
21
14
2
1,791
2
4
43
4
75
2
581
4
1
2
15
9.228
1
2
2,460
a?7
1
1
576
2
2
1
4
3
35
5
4
8
12
1
India
Palestine.
1
Other Asia... •*•••••
4
North America. ...•••• •
«J
1
I
1
23
6
49
7
131
77
63
4
17
3
5
3
17
5
5
2?7
4
1
5
1
3
3
2
1
3
2
14
1
5
9,065
1
9
6
147
1
1
2,449
5
1
4
1
1
3
819
2
3
3
2
1
4
568
1
1
2
1
6
1
2
467
I
1
1
83
1
2
n
1
8
1
Mexico
3
1
Central Anerlea.....
Sotith America.... ..•••
3
1
Africa
Australia ftlnrZwOAal
Other countries.^ ^>...
319
Ux
LitedSt
ates I
lepaz
■taai
it ol
' Jus
tic*
}
iHBifratlon and Naturalisation Serrice
TABLE 47. PEHSONS NATURALIZED, BY STATUTORY
PIi0VISI0N3 FOR MTUR/^IZATION:
YEARS EtsiPED JUNE 30, 1948 to 1952
Statutory provisions
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
Total naturalized.
Nationality Act of 1940
General provisions .o... «
Sees. 310(a) (b), 311, and 312 - persons
married to U, S. citizens,
Sees, 315 ;» 316 - Children, including
adopted children of U. S. citizen
parents .c. o
Sec. 317(a) - Women who lost U.S. citizen-
ship through marriage
Sec, 317(c) ~ Dual U.S. nationals expatri-
ated by entering or serving in armed
forces of a foreign state, ,,.....,.
Sec. 318(a) - Former U.S. citizens expat-
riated through expatriation of parents..
Sec. 319(a) - Persons who lost citizenship
through cancellation of parents' natura-
XX2ia.LrX0Xl ••o*«o*«oe«»oi
cw«9wo«ooe«oe«»i>a*
SeCo 320 - Persons misinformed prior to
Ju2^ 1, 1920., regarding citizenship
status ov «o.,.^...o
Sec» 32IA - Filipino persons whose continu-
ous residence in U,S, commenced prior to
May 1, 1934 1/..
Sec. 322 - Noncitizen natives of Puerto
Rico - declaration of allegiance.,,.,...
Sec, 324 - Persons who served in U, S,
armed forces for three years,., ,,
Sec, 324A - Persons who served in U, S,
armed forces in World War I or World War
II or were honorably discharged 2/...,.,
Sec, 325 ~ Persons who served on certain
<tOoooo«o«e«eo*oeu««i
U. So vessels,..
Act of July 2. 1940
Persons who entered the United States
while under I6 years of age
Other. , .
i>00»9*«390<
70.150
66.594
66.346
54,716
34,347
28,898
a9
296
29
12
26
4,200
15
98
24,566
35,131
448
243
91
10
19,403
40, 684
499
243
136
8
21
33
2,675 1,843
111 5
450 343
l,07o2| 2,006
418
316
5
622
315
1
1,724
1,164
256
2
14,864
36,433
487
220
66
1
17
843
6
300
675
611
188
5
-88.61^
26 , 920
58,027
760
223
138
9
27
722
4
194
1,391
64
164
8
1/ Act of July 2, 1946.
2/ Act of June 1,, 1948,
2/ Persons naturalized under Sec. 701. Petitions filed under Sec. 701, which were
still pending on June 1, 1948, were determined in accordance with Sec. 324A of
the Nationality Act of 1940.
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
TABIE 48. WRITS OF HABEAS COItPUS IN EXCLUSION AND DEPORTATION CASES
YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1943 TO 1952
Action taken
1943-
1952
Total Writs of
^Habeas Corpus
Di*.pof^l of...
Sustained. ,,,.....
Dismissed,, ........
Wxthdrawp .,..,....
Pending end of yearo
■Lyrolv.ing Exclusion
Disposed of. ......
Sustained.
Dismissed
Withdrawn
UiHi
179
1,828
918
60
tt o 0 a •
lao«o*«*
Pending end of
yr.a:r
oooooa»o««oo
T.n"7olving Deport.atior
O U O O O o
Disposed of ,. . .
Sustained „
Dismissed. . . „.
Withdrawn. o . . .
p,=.,
nd.ing end of
2,508
>oo«oooeo«*
133
1, 622
7?3
52
1943
1944
^
1
62
34
27
10
_81
Jk
2
46
36
20
1945
1946
^
3
55
35
16
1
3
2
2
3
1
JZS
56
31
25
1
43
34
J2.
263
9
133
121
206
1947
ML
15
278
151
156
ik.
18
1
52
34
15
2^
9
129
121
205
6
19
39
15
1948 1949
306
29
175
102
160
M
3
26
19
12
4
11,
397
105
144
1950
25
169
153
118
1951
347 394
59 96
9
259
112
141
380 258
26
149
83
6]
38
15
16
8
48
40
21
56
260
78
47
3
27
27
13
452 251 337
3
359
90
148 128
17
121
113
97
53
233
51
34
1952
J86.
30
253
103
60
57 67
16
32
19
Jil
14
221
84
52
United States Department of Justice
Immigration and Naturalization Service
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