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ONVAVIS 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


OF THE 


NEW YORK 
LOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


CHARTERED IN 1895 


OBJECTS OF THE SOCIETY 


A PUBLIC ZOOLOGICAL PARK 
THE PRESERVATION OF OUR NATIVE ANIMALS 
THE PROMOTION OF ZOOLOGY 


LORG 


NEW YORK 
OFFICE OF THE SOCIETY, 111 BROADWAY 
JANUARY, 1917 


COPYRIGHT 1917, BY 


THE NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


655587 
2 eee 
ee Se 


Clark & Fritts 
PRINTERS 
229 WEST 28TH STREET 
NEW YORK 


CONTENTS 


BOARD OF MANAGERS 
OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY . c 
OFFICERS OF THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK AND AQUARIUM . 
MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY . 
SUMMARY OF MEMBERSHIP 
REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 
OBITUARY—JAMES J. HILL, H. C. DE RHAM : : 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR . : : W. T. Hornaday 
TROPICAL RESEARCH STATION . : . William Beebe 
REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR: AQUARIUM, 
Charles H. Townsend 

REPORT OF THE PROSECTOR 
TREASURER’S REPORT: 

Income Account 

Maintenance Fund > 

Ground Improvement Fund 

Ground Improvement Fund Account 

Animal Fund . 

Stokes’ Bird Fund . 

Heads and Horns Fund 

Library Fund . 3 

Aquarium Maintenance Fund 

Endowment Fund 

Endowment Fund Income econ 

Cadwalader Animal Fund . 

Wild Life Fund . : 

Improvement and Repair Account 

Carnegie Pension Fund ; 

Pension Fund Income Account . 

Tropical Research Fund 

Art Gallery Fund 

Publication Fund ; 

Heads and Horns Palins Fund 
AUDIT COMPANY’S REPORT 
AUDITING COMMITTEE’S REPORT 
LIST OF ACCESSIONS: 

Zoological Park . 

Aquarium . 
DOCUMENTS: 

Articles of Incorporation . 

By-Laws 
INDEX 


ILLUSTRATIONS 


SIAMANG . 
JAPANESE SIKA DEER 
ISLAND KANGAROOS 
DRINKING FOUNTAIN 
WILD RICE 

AGILE WALLABY 


GREATER RED KANGAROOS . 


PLUMAGE FOR FEATHER MILLINERY 

TYPES OF HOSPITAL CAGES 

PORTABLE HOSPITAL CAGE . 

OPERATING ROOM 

WHITE-NECKED CRANE 

CARPET PYTHON 

DEMONSTRATION OF AN ELEPHANT’S STRENGTH 
IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND 

BoAT HOUSE LAUNCH SLIP 

BLASTING THE BOAT HOUSE DAM 

BoAT HOUSE LANDING 

RAINBOW TROUT 

STAFF OF KALACOON RESEARCH STATION . 
MARBLED HAMLET 

OLD EXHIBITION TANKS 

KNLARGED EXHIBITION TANKS . 

FRONT ELEVATION OF AQUARIUM 


GROUND PLAN OF AQUARIUM 


Frontispiece 
36 
A2 
48 
56 
60 
64 


70 
76 
78 
80 
85 
86 
90 
96 
100 
104 
106 
110 
114 
120 
122 
124 
128 
128 


Board of Managers 


(THE Mayor of the City of New York. 


aL. ? THE PRESIDENT, Dep’t of Parks, City of New York. 
CLASS OF 1918 
LEVI P. MORTON, FRANK K. STURGIS, 
ANDREW CARNEGIE, GEORGE J. GOULD, 
MADISON GRANT, OGDEN MILLS, 
WILLIAM WHITE NILES, LEWIS RUTHERFORD MORRIS, 
EDMUND C. CONVERSE, ARCHER M. HUNTINGTON, 
HENRY A. C. TAYLOR, HENRY M. TILFORD. 
CLASS OF 1919 
PERCY R. PYNE, Wo. AUSTIN WADSWORTH, 
GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL, EMERSON MCMILLIN, 
GEORGE C. CLARK, ANTHONY R. KUSER, 
CLEVELAND H. DODGE, WATSON B. DICKERMAN, 
C. LEDYARD BLAIR, MORTIMER L. SCHIFF, 


FREDERICK GILBERT BOURNE, FREDERIC C. WALCOTT. 


CLASS OF 1920 


HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, WM. PIERSON HAMILTON, 
WILLIAM C. CHURCH, ROBERT S. BREWSTER, 
LISPENARD STEWART, EDWARD S. HARKNESS, 
CHARLES F. DIETERICH, WILLIAM B. OSGOOD FIELD, 
GEORGE F.. BAKER, A. BARTON HEPBURN, 


GRANT B. SCHLEY, WILLIAM WOODWARD. 


New York Zoological Sorivty 


General Office, 111 Broadway, New York City 


President: 
HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN. 
First Vice-President: Second Vice-President : 
MADISON GRANT, FRANK K. STURGIS. 


Treasurer: PERCY R. PYNE, 20 Exchange Place. 
Secretary: MADISON GRANT, 111 Broadway. 
Assistant Treasurer: THE FARMERS’ LOAN & TRUST COMPANY. 


Executive Committee 
MADISON GRANT, Chairman. 


PERCY R. PYNE, LISPENARD STEWART, 

WILLIAM WHITE NILES, WATSON B. DICKERMAN, 

WM. PIERSON HAMILTON, ANTHONY R. KUSER, 

FRANK K. STURGIS, HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, 
Ex-offcio. 

Anditing Committee 
WILLIAM WHITE NILES, Chairman. 
ANTHONY R. KUSER, LISPENARD STEWART. 
Pension Board 

GEORGE C. CLARK, Chairman. CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, 

PeRcY R. PYNE, Treasurer. H.R. MITCHELL, 

LEWIS R. Morris, RAYMOND L. DITMARS, 

WM. B. OSGOOD FIELD, HERMANN W. MERKEL, Secretary. 


Editorial Committee 
HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, Chairman. 
WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, CHARLES H. TOWNSEND. 


Gencral Officers 
WILLIAM T. HorNapbay, Director of the Zoological Park. 
CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director of the Aquarium. 
GEORGE S. HUNTINGTON, Prosector. 
C. GRANT LA FARGE, Architect. 
H. DE B. PARSONS, Consulting Engineer. 
R. L. CERERO, Bursar. 


Officers of the Zoulogical Park 


WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, Director and General Curator. 
H. R. MITCHELL, Chief Clerk. 
RAYMOND L. DITMARS, Curator of Reptiles. 
WILLIAM BEEBE, Curator of Birds. 
LEE S. CRANDALL, Assistant Curator of Birds. 
W. REID BLAIR, Veterinarian. 
HERMANN W. MERKEL, Chief Forester and Constructor. 
GEORGE M. BEERBOWER, Civil Engineer. 
WILLIAM MITCHELL, Cashier. 
ELWIN R. SANBORN, Photographer and Editor. 


Officers of the Aquarimn 


CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Director. 
IpA M. MELLEN, Secretary. 
W. I. DE NYSE, Assistant. 
L. L. MOwsrRay, Assistant. 
GEORGE A. MACCALLUM, Pathologist. 
ROBERT SUTCLIFFE, Clerk. 


Aquarium Gonumitter 


CHARLES H. TOWNSEND, Chairman. 
CHARLES L. BRISTOL, EDMUND B. WILSON, 
BASHFORD DEAN, CLEVELAND H. DODGE, 
ALFRED G. MAYER, CHARLES B. DAVENPORT, 
THOMAS H. MORGAN, CHARLES R. STOCKARD, 
RAYMOND C. OSBURN, GRENVILLE KANE. 


MEMBERS 


OF THE 


New York Zoological Sorivty 


Baxer, Georce F., 
*CADWALADER, JoHN L., 
CaRNEGIE, ANDREW, 
Donce, CLeveLanp H., 


*BarneEy, Cuares T., 
Bourne, Frepericx G., 


Dietericu, Cuartes F., 


Gouxp, Grorce J., 
Harkness, Epwarp S., 
wlehorion dln) des 
Mackay, CiarENcE H., 
Mitts, Ocpen, 


*ARCHBOLD, JoHN D., 
AveERY, SAMUEL P., 
*BaRNES, JOHN S,, 
Berwinp, Epwarp J., 
Buarr, C. Lepyarp, 
Brewster, Rosert S., 
*CuisHotm, Hueu J., 


January 1, 1917. 


Benefactors 
Kuser, ANTHONY R., 
*Morean, J. P., 
Rockeretter, WILLIAM, 
Scnirr, Jacor H., 
*THORNE, SAMUEL, 


Founders in Perpetuity 
Morton, Levi P., 
Pyne, Percy R., 
Roginson, NeEtson, 
RockEFrELLER, JoHN D., 
Srewart, Lispenarp, 
Taytor, Henry A. C., 
Tuomrson, Mrs. Frepericx F., 
*THorne, Miss PHorse Anna, 
*Wuirney, Wiiiam C., 


Founders 
Payne, Oniver H., 
PERKINS, Georce W., 
Rainey, Pau J.., 
ScHERMERHORN, F. Avcusrvs, 
Scuirr, Mortimer L., 
Scuiey, Grant B., 
Sueparp, Mrs. Finutey J., 


Criark, GeorGe CRAWFORD, *SLOANE, WiLLiAM D., 


*Dopnce, Witt1aM E., 
*GoreLetT, RoBeErt, 


*Sroxes, Miss CaroLtine PuHeE tps, 
Sturcis, Franx K., 


Huntincton, Arcuer M., Trevor, Miss Emity, 


*Huntincton, C. P., 
McMinn, Emerson, 
*OrreNDORFER, OswaALp, 


*Bascock, SaMvueEL D., 
*Cartrer, JAMEs C., 
*CrocKER, GEORGE, 
*pERuaAM, H. Casimir, 
*Jesup, Morris K., 


Trevor, Mrs. Joun B., 
* VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS, 
VANDERBILT, Witi1aAM K., 


Woop, Mrs. ANTOINETTE Eno, 


Assoriate Founders 
*RHINELANDER, Miss SERENA, 
*ScHUYLER, PHILIP, 
*Scuuy er, Mrs. Puitip, 
Srurcis, Mrs. Franx K., 
Tirrany & Company, 


Osporn, Henry Fatrrierp, VANDERBILT, CORNELIUS, 


* DECEASED. 


14 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


*Arnotp Hicks, 
Avcurncioss, Mrs. Hucu D., 
Barney, James W., 
*Buiss, Cornetius N., 
*Buiss, Grorce T., 
Bronson, Encar Berrcuer, 
Crarx, Mrs. Grorce Crawrorp, 
*ConsTaBLE, Frepertck A., 
*Coox, Henry H., 

pE LuciInce, PRINCEss, 
Enret, GeEorceE, 

*Frower, Roswei P., 
Foro, James B., 

*Forp, J. Howarp, 

Goutp, Jr., Enwin, 
*Harkness, Cuarites W., 
Harrison, Jr., Grorce L., 
*Havemeyer, Henry O., 
*Havemever, WitiiamM F., 
Hawkes, Mrs. McDoveatt, 
*Hewirr, Asram S., 
Hornapay, Wo. T., 

House, Epwarp J., 
*HorrMan, EK. A., 

*IseLrin, ADRIAN, 

*James, D. WILLIs, 

James, NorMAn, 

JAMEs, WatterR B., 
Jennincs, Miss A. B., 
*Lewts, Mrs. Grorce, 


Apams, Epwarp Dray, 
AGNew, Cornetius R., 
Acnew, Greorce B., 
AKELEY, Cart E., 
Awoprews, Constant A., 
AnvrEws, J. SHERLOCK, 
Armour, ALLIsonN V., 
Arnotp, Epvwarp W. C., 
*Aucuincioss, Hueu D., 
*BaLLANTINE, Ropert F., 
Barsour, THomas, 
Barzpour, WILLIAM, 
*“Baruyptr, Mrs. P. Hacxtey, 
*Barnes, Miss Cora F., 
Barnes, J. SANFORD, 
Barucu, Bernarp M., 
3EEBE, C. WILLIAM, 
*BexxL, Mrs. C. M., 
Bett, Gorpon Knox, 
Brextmont, AvGustT, 
Berrs, SamvueEt Rossiter, 
Binns, WALTER, 


Patrons 


Mayer, Arrrep G., 

Morris, NEwsoxp, 

*Morris, A. NEwso xp, 
*Morris, Mrs. A. Newson, 
Osporn, WiitittaAmM Cuourcii, 
*Osporn, Mrs. Wirtiiam H., 
*Poor, Henry W., 

*Pyne, Mrs. Percy R., 
Ryan, Tuomas F., 
*ScHERMERHORN, WILi1AM C., 
Sacr, Mrs. Russe.tz, 
SeLicman, Isaac Newron, 
*Senrr, Cuartes H., 
Simpson, Miss JEAN WALKER, 
*STICKNEY, JOSEPH, 

Taytor, Jr., James B., 
TuHorneE, Epwin, 

Tuorne, Francis B., 
Tuorne, Henry S., 
Trornr, JoEL W., 
TuorneE, Lanpon K.,, 
TrorNE, Jr., SAMUEL, 
Tuorne, S. BrincKerRHOFF, 
TuHorNE, Vicror C., 
*THoRNE, WILLIAM, 

Tsaver, Mrs. Marcarer T., 
*Twomsiy, H. McK., 

*Von Post, Herman C., 
*Wess, WittiaMm H., 
Wuirney, Harry, 


*Wotrr, A., 


Lite Members 


Biro, CuarLes SUMNER, 
Bisuor, Heser Recinatp, 
*BiacKForD, EuGENE G,, 
Buiair, W. Rep, 

Buss, Mrs. Roserr W., 
Buiopvcerr, Wiii1AmM 'TrLpon, 
*Boxtptr, Grorce C., 

*Bonp, Frank S.,, 

Boorn, WiruiaAmM H., 
Boury, Louis J., 
*Bowpo1n, Georce, S., 
*Bowpoin, TEMPLE, 
Bravtey, J. R., 
BrinsmavE, Cuarrtes Lyman, 
Brown, Grorcr McKessen, 
*Brucre, Miss Marinrpa W., 
Bucn, Miss Emity, 
Burven, 2nv, Henry, 
Burieicu, Grorce W., 
Burr, Win THRop, 
Burrace, Carr. Guy H., 
BusuHNeE LL, Josern, 


*DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ey 


Butter, Wieutiam Mins, 
CAMMANN, Georce P., 
Camp, Hueu N., 
*CanrieELD, Ricuarp A., 
CavLywetL, Cuartes Minpank, 
Crerero, R. L., 

CiraNter, WINTHROP, 
Cuarin, Cuarres M., 
Cuapin, Cuester W., 
CuHisHOoLM, Jr.,.Huexn J., 
*Cuurcu, E. Dwicur, 
Cuurcn, Frepericx E., 
Cuurcnu, Mrs. Netur E., 
Cuurcn, Wiiarp, 
Cuurcu, Wirtiam Conant, 
Crarx, F. Amprose, 
Cuark, Grorce C., Jr., 
Crarkson, Banyer, 
Crose, Epwarp B., 

Cor, Wit11am R., 
Corrin, Cuartes A., 
Coreate, WriiiaM, 
Corurer, Ropert J., 
*Cortorp, Grorce W., 
*Cotrorp, Mrs. Grorcr W., 
Corr, Samvuet P., 
Connon, T. G., 
ConstaBLe, Mrs. Frepertck A., 
Converse, E. C., 
*ConyNGHAM, Wixtiiam L., 
“(Cooie, (Ch lke 

Cooper, Mrs. Cuartes W., 
Corninc, JOHN J., 

Cory, Dantet W., 

*Coxe, Davies, 

Crane, ZENAS, 

Crane, Z. MarsHatt, 
Crimmins, Joun D., 
'Cuyvrnry ©. C. 

“Davis; Ei We, 

Davis, JonN W. A., 
Davis, Witi1am T., 
*peCorret, Epwarp J., 
DerrrING, CHARLES, 
pEHerrepra, C., 

Detarietp, ALBERT, 
pEMitHav, Louis Joun, 
DeRuam, CuHartes, 
*DeRuam, CHar_LeEs, 
DeWirr, Wit11aMm G., 
Dicx, J. Henry, 
DickerMAN, Watson B., 
Dickry, Cuartes D., 
Dimocx, Mrs. Henry F., 
Disston, Jr. Henry, 
Dirmars. R. L., 

*Dopcer, Grorce Ecreston, 
Doner, Marcerius Harrtrey, 


Doexcer, Cuaries P., 
*Dorxcer, Prrer, 

Doecer, Perer, 

Dove tas, Jr., AncuiBap, 
Draver, Mrs. Henry, 
DressLer, Oscar, 

DuBois, Miss Eruen, 
DuBois, Miss Karrertne, 
DuBois, Witu1am A., 
Duemore, A. Rapcryrre, 
Dunuam, Epwarp K., 
Dunscompe, Grorce Exisworrn, 
puPont, Mrs. Wituiam A., 
Dwyer, THomas, 

Epear, ‘Newsorp, 

Evuior, SamMvueEt, 

Exuis, W. Dixon, 

Ey, Amprose K., 

Emmet, C. Tempre, 

*Eno, Amos F., 

Farrcuiip, Cuartes S., 
Fearinc, Grorce R., 

Fietp, Corrtanpr pEPerysteEr, 
Firitp, Wm. B. Oscoon, 
Itetp, Mrs. Wm. B. Oscoop, 
Fisuer, Mrs. Henry J., 
FLEITMANN, Wiiii1am Mep.ticort, 
Frnt, Cnartes R., 

Foro, Henry, 

Fraser, Miss S. Grace, 
*Frencu, S. Barron, 
Fueuret, Howarp, 

Garner, R. L., 

Gerry, Exsrince T., 
Go.pscumipt, S. A., 
Gooprince, Mrs. F. G., 
*Goopwin, James J., 

Govuxp, Grorce H., 

Grant, DeForest, 

Grant, Manison, 
GRINNELL, Grorce B., 
GuGcGENHEIM, Daniet, 
Guccenuem, S. R., 
GuntuHer, Bernarp G., 
GunTHER, Franxuin L., 
GutTurir, Won. D., 
*HaGENBECK, Cart, 
Hacensecx, Hernrice, 
HacGenseck, Lorenz, 
Hamitton, Prerrpont Morean, 
Hamirton, Wm. Pirrson, 
Harpine, J. Horace, 
Harkness, Mrs. Epwarp S., 
Harkness, Mrs. S. V., 
Harran, Cuarties J., 
Harriman, Mrs. E. H., 
Harris, Aran C., 

Hart, Franx, 


*DECEASED. 


16 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Harvey, E11, 

Havurr, Dr. Lovuts, 
Havemeyer, F. C., 
Havemeyer, T. A,, 
*Haven, Georce G., 
*Hearn, Georce A., 
*Henperson, Cuarzes R., 
Heppurn, A. Barron, 
*HicgGiInson, JAMES J. 
Hitt, Hueu, 

Hircu, Mrs. Frepertck Deano, 
*Hor, Miss MarGarer, 
Hor, Ricuarp M., 

Hor, Mrs. Ricwarp M., 
Horxins, Mrs. Geo. B., 
Hoppin, Mrs. Josepi Crark, 
*Husparp, Tuomas H., 
Hyper, Mrs. Crarence M., 
Hyne, James H., 

IseLin, Jr., ADRIAN, 
Isexttx, CotumBus O. D., 
*Jacxson, Tueopore F., 
Jackson, Victor H., 
James, ArrHur Curtiss, 
Jennunos, Oxriver G., 
*Jesup, Mrs. Morris K., 
Jones, Mrs. Epwarp H., 
*Jurturarp, Mrs. A. D., 
Kaun, Orro H., 

Kane, GRENVILLE, 
*KaneE, JOHN INNEs, 
Kine, Grorce Gorpon, 
Kinney, Morris, 
*Kinostanp, Wiii1amM M., 
*KisseL, Gustav E., 
Kunuarpr, W. B., 

LaF arcs, C. Grant, 
Lanepon, Woopsury G., 
LANIER, CHARLES, 

Ler, Cuarites NorrTHamM, 
Lerps, Mrs. Warner M., 
Leuman, S. M., 
*Lounssery, Ben-Atrr H., 
*LounsBery, Ricuarp P., 
Low, C. ADOLPHE, 

*Low, SETH, 

Lypic, Davin, 

Lypic, Purr M., 
McALrenan, Joseru A., 
McAtprn, CHaries WILLISTON, 
McComps, J. Scort, 
McKeever, I. C., 
*McKim, Cuanrtes F., 
McKinney, Grenn Forp, 
McLane, Guy Ricwarps, 
McMiriu1~x, Marion, 
*Macxay, Donan, 

Macy, V. Evenrit, 


Mapeira, Percy C., 
*Marrianp, ALEXANDER, 
Maxiory, Cuaries H., 
*Marc, Txreopuitus M., 
*Marxor, Francis H., 
Maruinc, Autrrep E., 
Marsuatz, Louts, 
Maxwe..i, Roserr, 
Merxet, Hermann W., 
Mriipank, DuNLEvY, 
Mixier, Georce N., 
Mixis, Ocven L., 
Miron, Mrs. Wo. F., 
Mircuett, A. M. Post, 
Mircuert, H. R., 
Mircuett, Mason, 
*MircHett, Roranp G., 
Money, AMBROSE, 
*Moorre, Mrs. James Amory, 
Moore, Frepertic P., 
Moran, DanieEt E., 
Morean, J. P., 

Morcan, JR., Mrs. J. P., 
*Mornis, JAMES, 

Morris, Lewis Rurwerrurp, 
Nessirr, A. G., 
Newsoup, THomas, 
NEwtanp, V. M., 
Nicuotrs, Mrs. Winrt1Am GILMAN, 
Nixes, J. Barron, 

Nites, Wittiam WHiTte, 
Nites, Mrs. Witit1am W., 
Norton, Joun W.,, 
Nunan, J. J., 

Nye, Josepu K., 

Osporn, Mrs. Wini1am CuurcnH, 
Ospurn, Raymonp C., 
Painter, Kenyon V.,, 
ParisH, Henry, 

Parrisu, James C.,, 
Peapopy, Cuaries A., 
Perkins, Witiiam H., 
PHeEtps, JOHN J., 
Puitutrs, Joun C., 
Puiturs, Joun M., 
Pures, Mrs. M. von R., 
Puirps, Henry, 

Putrrs, Henry C., 
PuoENtx, Luioyn, 
PHOENIX, PHILLIPS, 
Pierce, Henry Cray, 
PrerREPONT, JOHN Jay, 
Prerreront, Roser L., 
Prerreront, Serum Low, 
*Pincnor, J. W., 

Porter, CLARENCE, 
*Porrer, Mrs. Henry C., 
Porter, Witson, 


*DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


Prarr, Daruas B., 
Prarr, Haroxp I., 
Procror, A. Puimtiister, 
Punirzer, Raven, 

Pyne, M. Taytor, 
*QurntarD, Georce W., 
Raymonp, Cuartes H., 
Riker, Jr., SAMUEL, 
*Ross, J. Hamppen, 
*Roxsins, Miritron, 
Rosinson, ARTHUR, 
Rocers, ARCHIBALD, 
Runeius, Cart, 

*Russ, Epwarp, 
Ruruerrurpd, WINTHROP, 
*Sv. JoHN, Frank L., 
Sampson, Henry, 
Sartus, J. SANFORD, 
*Sanps, Wittiam R., 
Sanrorp, Henry, 
Sanrorp, Jr., Henry, 
SaNFoRD, SAMUEL S., 
Sancer, Farreierp Osporn, 
*ScHERMERHORN, J. EGmMont, 
*SCHIEFFELIN, EUGENE, 
ScCHIEFFELIN, SCHUYLER, 
Scuiey, Evanper B., 
Sreron, Ernest THompPson, 
SHELDON, CITARLES, 
SHERMAN, GEORGE, 
*SuHerMAN, Witi1AmM Warts, 
Suietps, Grorce O., 
Stoan, Benson B., 
*SLOAN, JOHN, 

Stoan, Matcoimm D., 
*SLOAN, SAMUEL, 

SLoan, SAMUEL, 

Soner, LeRoy, 

Spryrr, JAMES, 

Sauter, Stuart C., 
Stetson, Francis LynobeE, 
Stewart, Wm. R., JR., 


Stroxes, Miss Onrivia E. Puetrps, 


SrratcHtr, Mrs. Wrirarp, 
Srreeter, D. D., 
Srurces, FREDERICK, 
Tariron, Leste JEFFERIS, 
*THALMAN, ERNST, 


1 


Tuayer, Mrs. Ernen Ranvoipen, 


Tuomerson, Lewis S., 
Tuzromeson, Wir11amM P., 
Titrorp, FrRaNk, 

Tiztrorp, Henry M., 

Top, Roxperr E., 

Topp, Witi1am R., 
Townsenpb, Cuartes H., 
Trevor, Henry G., 

Trevor, JoHN B., 
Trirron, Craupe H., 

Tuck, Epwarp, 

UniMann, Freperick, 
Vai, TueEopore N., 

*V aANDERBILT, ALFRED G., 
Van RENSSELAER, Cuartes A., 
Varnum, Mrs. James M., 
WanpswortH, Mas. W. Austin, 
Wapswortu, Mrs. W. A., 
Wai, D. Everett, 
Warnweicur, Ricwarp T., 
Warxker, Henry FREEMAN, 
Warpoure, Ferix M., 
*WarRREN, SAMUEL D., 
*Watson, Francis A., 
Watson, James S.,, 

Wess, W. Sewarp, 
Wetcuer, Mrs. Fanny Avery, 
WENDELL, Evert JANSEN, 
Wermore, Cuarites W., 
Wetmore, Georce PEasopy, 
Wuarton, WitiiAM P., 
Wueatton, Louis N., 
Wuirte, Jr., JoHN Jay, 
WuitrEHEAD, Paut, 
Wuitney, Caspar, 


Wuitney, CorNeLius VANDERBILT, 


Wuitney, Harry Payne, 
WHITNEY, PayNE, 
Wittets, Exmore A., 
Wiets, Howarp, 
Witiiams, Crark, 

Wine, JoHn Morcan, 
*Wine. JoHN D., 
*WintHrop, Ecerton L., 
Woertsuorrer, Mrs. Anna, 
Wirnenrs, Grorcr B., 
Wortutincton, C. C., 


Gouorary Members 


*Pror. ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, 
Pror. J. A. ALLEN, 

Tue Dvuxe or Beprorp, 

F. E. Braauw, 

*Arruur Erwin Brown, 

Dr. Franx M. Cyuarman, 
*Pror. DanteL Grraup Extiot, 


*Srr. Wiitiiam F Lower, 

*Dr. F. L. Hoest, 

Sm. Epmunp G. Loner, 

Dr. C. Harr Merriam, 
Lionet RoruscHitp, 

*Dr. Paine Luriey Sciater, 
Frepertck CourtTNry SELOUvs, 


* DECEASED. 


18 NEW YORK 


Barsour, THomMas, 

BEEBE, C. WILLIAM, 
*BickmoreE, Pror. AtBert S., 
Buarr, Dr. W. Ret, 

Bristrot, Pror. Cuarwes L., 
Brooxs, Dr. Hartow, 
Catxins, Pror. Gary N., 
Crampton, Pror. Henry E., 
CranvatL, Lee S., 
Davenrort, Dr. Cuartes B., 
Dean, Dr. Basurorn, 
Ditrmars, R. L., 

Doercuer, WILLIAM, 

Grant, Mapison, 

Grecory, Dr. Wirttam K., 
GrINNELL, Grorce Birp, 
Guncer, Pror. E. W., 


ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


#Fellomst 


Hornavay, Dr. Wo. T., 
Huntineton, Dr. Georce S., 
Lre, Pror. Frepertc S., 
Lucas, Dr. Freperic A., 
MacCatitum, Dr. Georce A.., 
MatrHew, Dr. W. D., 
Mayer, Pror. Aurrep G., 
Merket, Hermann W., 
Morcan, Pror. THomas H., 
Ossorn, Pror. Henry Farrrrerp, 
Ossurn, Dr. Raymonp C., 
Scuvu tte, Pror. H. von W., 
Seron, Ernest Tompson, 
Scorr, Dr. Grorce G., 
SHELDON, CHARLES, 
Srocxarp, Dr. Cuartes R., 
Townsenp, Dr. Cuartes H., 


Witson, Pror. Epmunp B., 


Sustaining Members 


Baker, Georce F., 
Barpour, WILLIAM, 

Forp, James B., 
Hamirron, Wm. Pierson, 
Havemeyer, F. C., 

Hor, Ricuarp M., 

Hor, Mrs. Ricuarp M., 


Hype, Mrs. Crarence M., 
Morecan, J. P., 

Porter, CLARENCE, 
Scuirr, Jacog H., 
Scuiey, Grant B., 
Stewart, LispENARD, 
Srurcis, Frank K., 


Anutal Members 


Axspott, Mrs. Marie M., 
ABEEL, GEORGE, 

ABEEL, JoHN H., 
AxsercromBiz, Davin T., 
Axss-Hacen, Ernest, 

Acuetis, Frirz, 

ACHELIS, JOHN, 

Apam, Jk., Hueco S., 

Apams, Cuartes F., 

Apams, Frepericx B., 

Apams, Mrs. F. T., 

Apams, JoHn Dunpar, 
Apams, Tuatcuer M., 
Avams, Mrs. Wm. Crirrennen, 
AvrE, Miss Exren Louise, 
AGNeEw, Mrs. Cornettus R., 

* AITKEN, JOHN W., 

Axpricu, Mrs. James Herman, 
ALEXANDER, Mrs. Cuartes B., 
ALEXANDER, Dovucuas, 
ALEXANDER, Franx D., 


ALEXANDER, Mrs. Heten B., 
ALEXANDER, Mrs. Henry Anppison, 
ALEXANDER, Mrs. WILLIAM, 
ALEXANDRE, Mrs. JouHn E., 
ALEXANDRE, Mrs. J. Joseru, 
ALLAND, Maurice, 

ALLEN, Rev. Arruur Huntineton, 
ALLEN, Erman, 

ALLEN, FrepERIC WINTHROP, 
ALLIEN, FREDERICK, 
ALtscHut, C., 

Amory, CopLey, 

Ams, Cuaries M., 

Amy, Ernest J. H., 

Auvry;, 1G. He 

Awnperson, ArcuiBpatp J. C., 
Awnperson, Mrs. J. Scorvr, 
Anpberson, P. CHAUNCEY, 
ANDREINI, J. M., 

Anprews, Gwynne M., 
ArpLeton, Francis R., 


* DECEASED. 


*The class of Fellows of the New York Zoological Society was organized 
early in 1909, and includes members of the Society who are working and 


scientific zoologists. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


APPLETON, JAMES W., 
ArcHBOLD, JouUN F., 
Arcupotp, Mrs. J. F., 
AREND, F. J., 

Armour, Grorce A., 
Armour, Mrs. Herman O., 
Arnoxp, Mrs. Grover C., 
Arr, €. W., 

ASPINWALL, J. LAWRENCE, 
Astor, VINCENT, 

Arwater, Jr., Ricmarp M., 
AvcHinctoss, Mrs. C. C., 
Auvcutinctoss, Mrs. Encar S., JRr., 
Avucuincioss, Mrs. Enear S., Sr., 
AvcHINnctoss, Huen, 
AUCHINCLOss, JoHN W., 
AvERBACH, Mrs. Josepu S., 
Aycricc, B. Arruur, 
Aymar, Mrs. Jose, 

Bacue, Jutes S., 

Bacon, Grorce W., 
Bacon, WentTwortu C., 
Bace, Dr. Crinron L.., 
Baunsen, C., 

Baitey, Mrs. James M., 
Baxer, Cuartes D., 
Baxer, Cuartes H., 
Baker, STEPHEN, 
Batpwin, Arzert H., 
Batpwin, Frepertcx H., 
Baipwin, Jarep G., JR., 
Batiarp, Epwarp L., 
Bariarp, SuMNER, 

Banxs, Tureopore H., 
Banwnarp, Orrto T., 
Barsey, Henry G., 
Barciay, Mrs. Reernarp, 
Bartow, Perer Townsenp, 
Barnarp, J. AvcGustvs, 
Barnes, Miss Cuariorre A., 
Barnes, Epwarp W., 
Barnes, JAMES, 

Barney, A. L., 

Barney Asueew H., 
Barney, Enecar S., 
Barney, Mrs. J. Srewart, 
Barnum, Wiriiam M., 
Barron, Georce D., 
Barriert, Puiripe G., 
Barrot, Henry G., 

Bates, Dr. W. H., 
Barrerson, James G., 
Bavrr, Oswatp A., 

Bauer, R. M., 

Baxter, Jr., Georce S., 
Bayarp, Louis P., 
Bayures, Epmunp L., 
Bayuts, WititaM, 


Bayne, Mrs. L. P., 
Breapieston, Axrrep N., 
Bratt, JEREMIAH, 

Breese, Watrrer H., 
Beekman, Dr. Fenwick, 
BeekMan, Gerarp, 

Beers, Mrs. E. LeGranp, 
Benr, Roserr, 

Brett, Ernest L., 

BeEtL, Lovis V., 

Breit, Park E., 

Beier, A., 

BELLER, WILLIAM F., 
Bement, Epwanrp, 
Benepict, James H., 

* DECEASED. 

BeENneEpict, LEMUvUEL C., 
Benxarp, Harry H., 
Benxarp, Mrs. Harry H., 
BengamMin, Georce Powe tt, 
Benson, R. Lawrence, 
Benson, Miss Mary, 
Benson, Roserr, 
Benton, ANDREW A., 
Berens, Dr. T. Passmore, 
Bernarp, Prerre ARNOLD, 
Bernueim, Grorce B., 
BERNHEIMER, Cuarwes L., 
Brroizuermmer, E., 
Bertrron, S. R., 

Bier, Mrs. Syivan, 
Bicetow, Wriiiam S., 
Bigur, ABrawam, 
lsennaer, (Cs i Ga 
*BircHatt, W. H., 

Birp, Georce, 

BiaGpEN, GEORGE, 
Buiacpen, Mrs. Georce, 
Buacpen, Mrs. Juria G., 
Buam, J. INstey, 

Brair, Mrs. Lepyarp, 
Buiss, Ernest C., 

Buss, Mrs. Warrer Preps, 
Broopncoop, Roserr F., 
Bioominepate, Mrs. Joseri B., 
Buioss, James O., 

Borse, Quincy Warp, 
Boertrcer, Turopore, 
Botssevarn, G. L., 
Botron, Miss Extra F., 
Bortron, Witiiam H., 
Bonp, Atrrep H., 

Bonn, Jr., Henry R., 
Bonn, STEPHEN N., 
Bonner, G. T., 

Booru, Mrs. Aveusta, 
Bootn, Enos S., 

Bopp, Joun, 


* DECEASED. 


19 


20 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Borestreve, JoHN G., 
Bortanp, J. NELson, 
*Bortanp, Mrs. Jonn, 
Boritanp, Wiri1aM G., 
Bovurtron, Wit11aM B., 
Bowpoin, Miss Eniru G., 
Bowpo1n, Georce ‘TEMPLE, 
Bowen, Crarence WINTHROP, 
Bowen, Mrs. H. S., 
Bowen, JAMES, 

Bowers, Joun M., 
Bowne, Francis Draper, 
BoypENn, Dwient, F., 
Braptey, ALtLan B. A., 
Brapy, James BucHaNnan, 
Brapy, Nicroxas F., 
Branp, Oscar J., 

Breve, JoHN, 

Breese, JAMES L., 
Bremer, Avcust F., 
BrenGLE, LAWERENCE J., 
Brewster, Mrs. Bensamin, 
Brewster, Georce S., 
Brick, Samvuet R., 
Brivces, Roser, 

Brices, James E., 
BrincKeruorr, Arex. G., 
BristoL, Joun I. D., 
Bristow, Wii11am B., 
BropMERKEL, JR., CHARLES, 
Broxaw, Cuirrorp, V., 
Broxaw, Mrs. Cutrrorp, V.; 


Bronson, Dr. Envwarp BENNET, 


Brooks, Miss Berrua, 
Brower, Grorce V., 
Brown, Cuartes F., 
Brown, Dickson Q., 
Brown, Epwiyn H., 

Brown, Con. Frankuiin Q., 
Brown, J. ApDAms, 

Brown, JoHn Barker, 
Brown, Ricwarp E., 
Brown, STEPHEN P., 
Brown, Mrs. Tuomas E., 
Brown, VERNON CaRLETON, 
*Brown, Wapron P., 
BrowninG, Wititram H., 
Brownine, J. A,, 
Brovucuron, Mrs. U. H., 
Brunovice, Miss Exssazeru B., 
Brunnow, Rvuportrn E., 
*Bryan, Geo. J., 

Bryce, Miss Epirn, 
Buckner, Mortimer Norron, 
Buckner, Tuomas A., 
Bupp, Henry A., 
Burcuner, C. Fren, 
BuLxk1iey, Enywin M., 


Buixiey, Mrs. Enwin M.., 
Butxiey, L. Duncan, 
But, J. Enear, 

Burpen, Jr., James A., 
Burpen, Mrs. W. A. M., 
Burcess, Epwarp G., 
Buriercu, Mrs. Grorce W., 
BurnuamM, Mrs. Wiiiram A., 
*Burnuam, Mrs. Dovucias W., 
Burritt, Enwarp L., 

Busk, Frep T., 

Burier, Artruur W., 
Bourter, Cuarres D., 
Burier, CHARLES STEWART, 
*Burier, Mrs. P. H., 
Burier, Miss VirGinia, 
Cazot, F. H., 

Carsar, Henry A., 

Canen, Juuius P., 

Caun, Artuur L., 
CaLLENDER, Wa ter, R., 
Cartman, Henry L., 
CamMMaANN, Epwarp C., 
CamMMANN, Henry Loricyarr, 
CamMann, Herman H., 
CampBELL, DoNnatp, 
CampBELL, J. W. C., 
CanrieLp, Greorce Forcer, 
*CanNoN, JAMEs G., 
Cawnrosert, A. H., 

Carey, Frepericx F, 
Carry, Henry T., 
Caruarr, Mrs. A. Sisrey, 
Carnecie, Mrs. ANpREwW, 
CarreNvDerR, WILLIAM, 
CarrENnpdeER, C. L., 

Carr, Mrs. Warrer L., 
Cantirny PoC: 

Case, Henry P., 

Cass, CuarLtes ANDERSON, 
Cassarp, WILLIAM J., 
Carucart, Miss JENNIE R., 
CaTTELL, OWEN, 

Crapor, Treopore J., 
Cuatmers, ArrHur A., 
CuamBertin, Wittt1am B., 
Cuampers, Franx R., 
Cuampers, Hirary R., 
Cuamportion, Mrs Anopre C., 
Cuanter, Rosert W., 
Curarin, Miss Marta Bowen, 
*CrHapMAN, ARTHUR, 
Cuapman, Miss Fanny, 
CuarmMan, Henry Orrts, 
CHAPMAN, JOHN JAY, 
CuHauncey, Evinu, 

Cuaves, Jose Epwarp, 
CuENEY, GeorcE L., 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


Cueney, Jr., Mrs. Knigur Dexter, 


Cuiip, Mrs. Lewis P., 
Cutips, Everstey, 

CuiLps, STarLiINc W., 
Cuitps, Wit1t1am H., 
CurisHotm, Mrs. Hueu J., Sr., 
Cuoate, Josepu K., 
CuristriANcy, Georce A. C., 
Cuuss, Percy, 

Cuurcu, Cuartes T., 
CuurcH, Jr., BK. D., 
Cuurcu, Greorce H., 
Cuourcu, F. S., 

Cuurcnu, Louis P., 
CLaFLIN, JOHN, 

Cirancy, JoHn Evarts, 
CrarpyeAy bs. 

Crark, Cuas. Hopxins, 
Crark, CuHartes Marrrin, 
Crark, D. Crawrorp, 
Crark, Epwarp H., 

Crark, Miss E. Manet, 
Crark, Herpert L., 
Crarx, J. Francis Atoystius, 
Crark, Mrs. Joun C., 
Crank, JR: Wours C:, 
Crark, Miss Martan AveERELL, 
Ciark, W. A., 

CriarK, Watrter G., 

CrarK, Wittiam N., 
CriarkeE, E. A. S., 

CriarKkeE, Tuomas SHIELDs, 
C1LAuseN, GEORGE C., 
Ciemens, Dr. James B., 
CLevELAND, Miss Maser H., 
Crews, Mrs. James B., 
Crypve, Witiiam P., 
Cocuran, G. D., 
CocuraneE, A. W. S., 
CocHrane, F. D., 
Cocxcrort, Miss E. V. 
CocKkran, Mrs. W. Bourke, 
Coppineton, Mrs. JEFFERSON, 
Cor, Cuartes A., 

Corrin, Francis A., 
Corrmx, Witt1am Epwarp, 
Corsurn, AxrBert E., 
Cotpy, Howarp A., 

Core, Epwarp F., 

Core, Mrs. Rurus, 

Coxruier, Mrs. R. J., 
Coriins, CLarENcE Lyman, 
Corns, Miss Gertrune, 
Coritns, Dr. Stacy Bupp, 
Corr, Harris D., 

Corr, Ricuarp C., 
Comstock, Mrs. H. G., 
Cone, Freprricx H., 


Conueim, Hermann, 
ConkKLIN, Roxtanp R., 
Conxuine, Paun B., 
ConNELL, Herbert STANLEY, 
ConTENT, Harry, 

Converse, Miss Mary E., 
Conway, Mrs. Maupe AL1is, 
ConynGcuaM, Joun N., 
Coox, Cuartes S., 

Coox, Mrs. Cuartes T., 
Coomse, T. Gorton, 
Coorrer, H. S. FEentmore, 
Cooper, ‘TrHropore, 
Corserr, Mrs. Henry L., 
Corbin, AUSTIN, 

CorreLL, Wiitit1am WALLACE, 
Coruies, Howarp, 

Cornine, C. R., 

Coster, Miss Syntvra dEeG., 
Cowp1n, WINTHROP, 
Cowtes, Russet A., 

Crane, Mrs. JonatHan H., 
CravatH, Mrs. Pau D., 
Crawrorpb, Rosert L., 
Crawrorp, WILLIAM, 
Crimmins, THomas, 
Crocker, Epwarp, 
Crocker, Rosert S., 
Crocker, Wituiam T., 
CroMwELL, James W., 
CromMwe.t., Lincoun, 
Crosspy, MaunseE.t S., 
Cross, Mrs. C. VANDERBILT, 
Cross, Greorce D., 

Cross, W. Repmonp, 
CrossLey, G. ReGinaxp, 
CunNINGHAM, W. DEL., 
Cuniz, CHarLes, 

CuriE., H., 

Curren, Rarpex L., 
Curtine, R. Furton, 
Currinc, Mrs. W. Bayarp, 
Curtinc, Heywarp, 
Cuyzer, Mrs. C. C., 
Cuvier, Miss ELreanor veG., 
Dapmun, Geo. E., 

Dattey, Granvitte F., 
Datierr, Freperic A., 
Dana, Cartes A., 

Dana,. Pav, 

Davenport, Mrs. Ira, 
DavincE, Wi1tiiam H., 
Davies, Mrs. Frepertcx M., 
Davies, J. CLARENCE, 
Davirs, JULIEN Tappan, 
Davis, Davin T., 

Davis, GHERARDI, 

Davis, How1anp, 


21 


22 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Davis, Joseru P., 

Davis, MorGan, 

Davis, W. J., 

Davison, CuHarLes STEWART, 
Davison, Miss Exxra H., 
Davison, Miss Anice M., 
Davison, Georce Howarn, 
Davison, Mrs. Henry P., 
*Day, Mrs. Henry Mutts, 
Deane, W. B., 

DeForest, Rozerr W., 
Decrner, J. F., 
DrGorcourra, A. V., 
DeKiyn, B. F., 
Dexarietp, Eywarp C., 
Dexarietp, FrevericK P., 
*Dexarietp, Miss Junia Livinesron, 
DetaFietp, Lewis L., 
DreLaNno, WARREN, 
DeLanoy, Witi1aM C., 
pELAuGIER-VILLARS, CoUNTESS, 
Denorest, Mrs. Wm. Curtis, 
Demine, L. C., 

Depew, Mrs. Cuauncey M., 
DePuy, Henry F., 
pERHAM, Mrs. H. Casimir, 
Dery, D. Grorce, 

Desparp, Watrer D., 
Devereux, Water B., 
Dexter, Stantey W., 
Deyo, Rozerr E., 

pEZALDO, FREDERICK, 
Dicxerson, E. N., 
Dickey, Mrs. Cuartes D., 
Dien, Grorce H., 

Dien, Jr., Georce H., 
Dienst, A. P., 
*Dirster., WM., 

Dixe, Oscar D., 

Ditton, W. B., 
Dinsmore, Mrs. W. B., 
Dixon, TueEopore P., 

Dopp, Miss Grerrrude, 
Donce, CLEVELAND E., 
Donor, Miss Exvizaneru W., 
Donce, Francis P., 
Doncr, Mrs. Marsnary J., 
Doume, Joun D., 
Dommericnun, Orro L., 
Dominick, H. BLancHarp, 
DonaxLp, Miss Anna E., 
Donaxtpson, Rosert M., 
Doremus, F. S., 
DovusiepDay, F. N., 
Dovucuias, JAMES, 

Dovcias, Wir11aAm H., 
Doveuass, ALFRED, 

Dow, Cuartes M., 


Down, Joseru, 

Down, Mrs. Josern, 
Downe, Evwarp D., 
Downer, J. Hatsey, 
Downey, Joun L., 

Dows, Davin, Sr., 

Dows, Mrs. Davin, Jr., 
Dows, Tracy, 

Drarver, Dr. Wiriiam K., 
DrayTon, J. COLEMAN, 
Drayton, W. Heywarp, 3rp, 
Draz, FRANCIs, 

Drexet, Mrs. Jonn R., 
Drorscnenr, S. R., 
Drummonp, I. Wyman, 
Duane, Ricuarp Bacne, 
DuBois, Dr. Evcene F., 
DuBois, Dr. Marruew B., 
Duet, Dr. Arruur B., 
Durer, Mrs. JouN Bevertey, 
Duturs, Jr., WILLIAM, 
Duncan, Mrs. Jonn P., 
DuncaAN, STuaRt, 
Duncan, Mrs. Sruart, 
Dunpas, Ratpu Worrs, 
Dunuam, Dr. Carrot, 
Dunn, Gano, 

Dorxeg, A. W., 

Durkee, Ricuanrp P. H., 
Dourxee, Mrs. R. P. H., 
Duryea, Mrs. H. B., 
Durcuer, Joun GeErow, 
DuVat, Mrs. Horace C., 
Dwicut, JoHNn E., 

Dyer, Mrs. E. Tirrany, 
Eacre, Joun H., 

MAMES, JOHN C., 
Eastman, Miss Anne K., 
Easton, Cuartes Puiie, 
Eaton, Mrs. Frepertck H., 
Esti, M. C., 

Expertarpr, CHar es, 
EBERMANN, Mrs. Ernest, 
Ecxart, Epmunp, 
*Epear, D., 

Enoar, Herman L. R., 
Evoar, Mrs. J. Crirron, 
Epmonps, JoHn W., 
Epwarps, Case, 

Epwarps, Wm. Seymour, 
Ecer, Tueopor G., 
Ecerton, M., 

Ennret, Lovis J., 
Erouitrz, Rosert James, 
E1zers, Cart, 

Expripce, Frepertck L., 
Exprimce, Wittiam T., 
Exuis, Witi1am D., 


“DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST 


ExitswortH, J. M., 
Extsworrnu, Lincoun, 
Extinc, Dr. Arruur W., 
EMANUEL, JR., J. H., 
Empsury, Mrs. James W., 
Emerson, Mrs. WiILiiam, 
Emmet, Miss Lypra F., 
Emmet, Roserr Tempe, 
Enpicorr, Roserr, 

Eno, Miss Mary Pincnor, 
Ersston, R., 

ErpMANN, Martin, 
ERDMANN, WILLIAM, 
Eruancer, Mitrron S., 
Esserc, Henry, 
Esrasroox, Arruvur F.,, 
Erritincer, Louis, 

Eustis, JoHN E., 

Evans, S. M., 

Evarts, A. W., 

Evartrs, Miss Mary, 
EVELAND, FRANK, 
Everett, A. L., 

Ewine, Josrernu G., 

Fapsri, ALESSANDRO, 
Fassri, Ernesto, G., 
Fassett, Mrs. Ernesto G., 
Fazer, Eseruanrp, 
Fauwnestrock, Dr. Ernest, 
Fauwnestrock, Mrs. Ernest, 
Fanwnestock, WILLIAM, 
Farrcuitp, Benzamin L., 
Farrcuitp, Mrs. C. S., 
Farrcuitp, Samvuet W., 
Faris, Mrs. DeWirr Cuiinton, 
Fariey Conyin, 

FarnuaM, PavuLpInec, 
Farquuar, Percrvat, 
FarreELL, JAMEs C., 
FarreLty, T. CHartes, 
Fay, Francis B., 

Freittows, Wm. Gorpon, 
Fereuson, Miss Exizanern D., 
Fereuson, Rey. Henry, 
Fercuson, Wiiitam C., 
Frvuss, Capt. ANDREW W., 
FreustmMan, LrEon P., 
Fretp, Mrs. Avucusrus B., 
Fietp, Mr. Wiritam H., 
Frevpinec, Georce T., 
Firxcu, Epwarp B., 
Fincxe, Mrs. ReEGinaxp, 
Fiscuer, Witiram H., 
Eisner, ly. G., 

Firzceratp, Mrs. Louis, 
Fracrer, Harry Harkness, 
Fiannery, Mrs. Josery A., 
FreiscHmMann, Upo M., 
FLEITMANN, FREDERICK T., 
Fieminc, Henry S., 


ANNUAL REPORT 


Le) 
wo 


FiLreminc, Matrruew C., 
Frint, AUSTIN, 
FLoyp-Jonrs, Enwarp H,. 
Four, FRANz, 

Foor, James D., 

Foran, GrorcGe J., 

Foro, Miss Lesra, 
Forpyce, JoHN A., 
Foster, Enpwarpv W., 
Foster, Grraup, 

Fosrer, Macoms G., 
Fosrer, Scorr, 

Fowrer, Mrs. ANpbeERsON, 
Fowter, CuHares, JR., 
Fowter, Haron, 

Fox, Miss Arice BiLeecueEr, 
Fox, Hucu F., 

Frank, Louis, 

Franke, Louis J., 
Fraser, ALEX J., 

Fraser, ALEx V., 
Fraser, Mrs. Gerorce C., 
Fraser, Miss J. K., 
Fraser, WiLi1am C., 
Freeman, Miss Gerrrupe A., 
Frees, JoHN F., 
Frencu, Daniet C., 
Frencu, Mrs. Jonn, 
Fries, Dr. Haroxp H., 
FrissELL, A. S., 

Frost, Aaron V., 
FrorHINGHAM, JoHN W., 
Fux, FEewrx, 

Fourier, Cuartes D., 
Furier, Mrs. Evcene, 
Funke, Epmunp A., 
GaiLttarD, Mrs. Wm. O., 
GALLATIN, ALBERT, 
GaxiatIn, Mrs. Arpert, 
GALLATIN, GOELET, 
GaLuaTiIn, Mrs. Gor et, 
Gattaway, Merritt W., 
GARDINER, Cuartes B., 
Garrett, Miss Laura B., 
Garrett, JOHN W., 
Garrison, Mrs. J. H., 
Gass, Frank, 

Gautier, Dupirey G., 
Gay, Joseru E., 

Geppes, Donatp G., 
Geer, Mrs. Watter, 
Gerrarp, Miss Marcaret H., 
GerrisH, JOHN Brown, 
Gerry, Peter G., 

Gerry, Rosrrt L., 
Gerstir, Epwarp G., 
GiiBertT, CLINTON, 
GituesPie, Rosert McM., 
Gites, Epwin J., 
GitsEy, Henry, 


24 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Guazier, Henry S., 
Gityn, W E., 

GoapbBy, W. H., 
Gopparp, Morritt, 
Gopvrrey, Mrs. E. D., 
GoLpMAN, ALBERT, 
GoLDMANN, JULIUS, 
GoLpMANN, NaTHan, 
Goopnvur, Cnuaries E., 
GoopuvE, Mrs. S. C., 
Goopwin, Gerorce B., 
GoovwiNn, GRENVILLE, 
Goopwin, H. Sage, 
Goopwin, Joun B. L., 
Goopwin, Mrs. J. J., 
Goopwin, Water L., 
Goopwin, Jr., Water L., 
GorrneLr, CHARLES, 
GorrHetr, Herman, 
Gorrno.ip, Arruur F., 
GorrHoLp, FREDERIC, 
Gouxip, Cuartes A., 
Goutp, Cuaries W., 
Goutp, Epwin, 

Goutp, Dr. Freperic S., 
Grar, WILLIAM, 
Granam, Mrs. Grorce S., 
Granam, Mrs. Rosertr D., 
Graves, Grorce Cor, 
Graves, Jr., Henry, 
Graves, J. P., 

Gray, Henry G., 
Greerr, Ernest F., 
GREENE, JR., G. S., 
GREENOUGH, JOHN, 
GreenouGH, Mrs. Jonn, 
GreEENWoop, Josep R., 
Greer, CHARLES, 

Greer, Mrs. Louise Morris, 
*GrirFin, Mrs. Wi1tziiam P., 
Grirriru, Miss MAarGarerre 
Grirrita, Miss Susan D., 

GRINNELL, E. ‘Morean, 
Griscom, Jr., Crement A.,, 
Griswoip, Grorce, 

Gross, Frank, 
GrunvNErR, M., 
GuGGreNHEIM, Mrs. Exiza, 
GUGGENHEIM, SIMON, 
Guinzpurc, A. M., 
Guitreras, Dr. Ramon, 
GuLutver, Mrs. W. C., 
Gurnee, Watrer S, 
Hackett, James K., 
HaFFen, JoHn M., 
Hace, Joun D., 

Hacer, Jr., Roserr. 
Haicutr, Crarits S., 


Haines, Cuaries D., 
Harness, Henry F., 
ATTA Css 

Hart, Arruvur H., 

Harn, Prank I 

Hate, Jacques S., 
Haxiocx, Cuartes P., 
Harts, Jr., WILLIAM, 
Hatsey, Cuarztes W., 
Hatsey, Herpert Drake, 
Hamann,Wm. A,, 
Hamerstey, Louis Gorvon, 
*Hamitton, Miss ADELAIDE, 
Hamintron, Miss Exizanern Srewart, 
Hamirttron, Mrs. Wirt1am Pierson, 
Hammonp, Mrs. Jonn Henry, 
Hammonp, Ocpen H., 
Hammonp, Witu1Am F., 
Hance, Joun A., 
*HANSMANN, Cart A., 

Harp, Anson W., 

Harmon, Mrs. Crirrorp, 
Harper, Harry, 

Harper, Larnropr C., 
Harriman, Mrs. Herpert M., 
Harriman, W. A., 

Harris, Cuarwes C., 
Harrison, ARCHIBALD, 
HarrsHorne, J. M., 
HassLacHer, JACOB, 
Hastincs, Mrs. Tuomas, 
Havemeyer, Henry, 
Havemeyer, J. C, 

Haven, Grorce G., 

Haven, J. Woopwarp, 
Havens, AuBert G., 

Hawe, Marrnuew, 

Hawk, Mrs. Witit1am SaMueEL, 
Haynes, Wititiam DeForest, 
Hazen, Georce H., 

Hecxer, Dr. Anton J,, 
Hecxscuer, Mrs. Aveust, 
Hepcss, Jog E., 

Heine, Jr., Henry, 
Herman, E., 

HeintTz, Joun C.,, 
Hertmurn, Wirriam Topp, 
Hencxen, Hancke, 
HeENpvERSON, JoHN B., 
Henverson, Norman, 
Hennine, Emit F., 
Hepgurn, Mrs. A. Barton, 
Hermann, Bernarp F., 
Hermann, Mrs. Ferprnanp, 
Herrick, Harotp, 

Herter, Mrs. Apert, 
Herrer, Mrs. Curistran A., 
Hess, Setmar, 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


Hewrrr, Herserr H., 
Hexamer, A. P., 

Hicks, E. Prerront, 

Hicxs, Joun M. W., 

Hiceins, Ricuarn H., 

latrorie, 1a By 

Hirt, Roserr C., 

Hirtis, Dr. Atrrep K., 
Hincuman, Watter, 
Hincxiey, Mrs. Samvuet Netison, 
Hirscu, Cruartes S., 
HirscuHianp, Franz H., 
Hocuscrinp, Berruop, 
Hopces, Harrison B., 

Hor, Mrs. Rosert, 

Horrman, Craries Frepertcx, 
Horrman, Miss M. U., 
Horrman, Mrs. Wiriiam M. V, 
Hoee, James A, 

Hoxrsroox, Mrs. Epnwarp, 
Hoxuster, Grorce C., 
Hoxuster, Mrs. Grorce C., 
Hort, Henry, 

Hotter, Mrs. E. O., 
Houzmaister, Louis V., 

Homes, Henry F., 

Hooxer, Dr. Ransom S., 
Hootry, Epwin, S., 

Horxins, Russert, 

Hoppin, Miss Frances, 
Hoppin, Hamirron L., 
Hoppin, Jr., Wittiam W., 
Hornapay, Mrs. J. C, 

Horr, L. Wirtiam, 

Hosxier, H. C., 

*Horcuxin, W. B., 

Housman, CrareNce J., 
Howett, T. A., 

Howranp, Mrs. Henry E., 
Hoyt, Arrrep O., 

Hoyt, Coreate, 

Hoyt, Mrs. Henry R., 

Hoyt, Mrs. Jesse, 

Hoyt, Joun S., 

Hoyt, Miss Virernia Scorr, 
Hoyt, Water S., 

Husparp, Watrer C., 

Horr, E. S., 

Humpureys, Mrs. Enwarp Wats, 
Huncerrorp, Riciarp S., 
Hunn, Arruovr B., 
Huntinotron, Mrs. Arcuer M., 
Huntincron, Forp, 
Huntincton, Mrs. Roser P., 
Hunrman, Rey. Gerarp H, 
Houpret, J. Curistran G., 
Hussey, Wirtrtram H., 

Hustep, Miss M. Karrartne, 


Husrep, Jr., Seymour L., 
Hurcuins, Avucusrus Scuett, 
Hurcuins, Jr., R. S., 
Hurcuinson, Cary T., 
Hvuytrr, C. D., 

Huyter, F. D., 

Hype, Aveusrtus L,. 
Hype, B. T. Bassrrv, 
Hype, Dr. Frevericx E., 
Hype, W. Trustow, 
Hype, Mrs. Wiri1am H., 
DAMS) icp ss 

Incues, Grorce B., 
Innis, Witt1am R., 
Irons, Henry C., 

Irvin, Mrs. Ricuarp, 
Isexin, C. Oxiver, 
Isexry, Miss Grorcrne, 
IseExin, Joun H., 

IsELIN, Miss Louise M., 
Isexin, Wituram E., 
Isrxin, Mrs. Wiiu1am E., 
Isexin, Witt1am O’Donne tt, 
IsHam, Cuartes B., 
IsHam, Wiiuiam B., 
Jackson, R. Hatnsey, 
Jacos, LAWRENCE, 
Jacosi, Dr. A., 

Jacogs, Samvuet K., 
Jacogus, Joun S., 
Jacquetin, Hersert T. B., 
James, Jr., Henry, 
James, Dr. Roserr C., 
James, Mrs. Watter B., 
James, Mrs. Worrinam, 
JarmMutowsky, Dr. Harry, 
JENKINS, A. W., 
JENKINS, Mrs Heten H., 
*JenxKINS, Marruew C., 
JENKINS, Wit1t1am B., 
JeNxs, Rosert I., 
JENNINGS, FrepEricK B., 
JENNINGS, Puianper R., 
JENNINGS, SIDNEY J., 
JENNINGS, WALTER, 
Jesup, Mrs. James R., 
Jesup, Ricuarp M., 
JoHNeEs, Witi1aM Foutke, 
Jounson, F. Corr, 
JouHnson, Giizert H., 
Jounson, Guy B., 
Jounston, J. Herpert, 
Jounston, WiLitam J., 
Jones, Mrs. A. Mason, 
Jones, Mrs. Capwa aber, 
JoneEs, Cuartes H., 
Jones, H. Borton, 
Jones, Dr. Isrart C., 


* 


* DECEASED. 


. 


= 


Jones, Lewis Q., 

Jones, TOWNSEND, 

Jupson, H. L., 

Kaun, Ferix E., 

Kaun, Louis, 

Kaun, Dr. Roserr J., 

Kane, Mrs. DeLancey, 
Kasr, Dr. Lupwic, 

Kaupre, WILHELM, 
Kaurz-Evrtenserc, Miss P. R., 
Kean, Hamirtron Fisny, 
Kean, Mrs. Hamirron F isu, 
Keecu, Frank B., 

Kerexer, Mrs. C. B., 

Kren, Barton L., 

Kerz, Henry F., 

*“Kerrtiocc, Mrs. CHartes, 
Kexiocc, J. PRENTICE, 

Kerirty, Horace R., 
Kennepy, Epwarp G., 
Kennepy, Mrs. H. VanReEnssELakEr, 
Kennepy, Mrs. JoHN STEWART, 
Kent, Epwin C., 

Kepuart, Rev. Witriiam H., 
Keprer, Davin, 

Kernan, Mrs. Watrer N., 
KEvuFFEL, W. G., 

Keyes, Mrs. Cuartes W., 
Keyser, Mrs. SamMvEt, 
Kipper, James Haruaway, 
Kimpatt, Axrrrep R., 

Kinc, Avcustus F., 

Kine, Miss Even, 

Kine, Miss Eruet, 

Kine, James Gore, 

Kine, Mrs. J. Howarp, 

Kine, Mrs. Leroy, 
Kineostanp, Mrs. Witi1am M., 
Kinesty, W. M., 

KINNEY, WARREN, 

Kinney, Mrs. Warren, 

Kir, W. Rutorr, 

KisseLt, Mrs. W. Trorn, 
Kircuinc, Frank W., 
KirrrenGe, SaMuEL Dana, 
Kirz, Josery, 

Kriaw, Marc, 

Knapp, ARNOLD, 

Knapp, Jr., Mrs. Harry K., 
Kwapp, Mrs. Josepu Parmer, 
Knicut, Craries R., 
Kwnoepiter, Rorann F., 
Kornter, H. C., 

KoHLMAN, CHARLES, 
Kontsaat, Miss Eniru M., 
Kors, Freperick, 

Kors, Jr., Grorce C., 

Korres, Dr. Henry M., 


6 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Konic, Grorce T. H., 
Konva, ALEXANDER, 

Kraus, Sam, 

Krecu, Mrs. Arvin W., 
Kremer, Witi1aM N., 
Kremer, Mrs. Wm. N., 
Krunscuew, C. D., 
Kuempet, Max, 

Kuunn, Avcust, 

Kuun, JULivs, 
Kunuarpt, Henry R., 
Kurzman, Cuarues C., 
Kuser, JoHN Drybden, 
Kusrr, JouHn L., 
Kurrrorr, Apo, 
Kurrrorr, FREDERICK, 
Lacomspe, Hon. E. Henry, 
Lacat, Dr. Georce, 
LaIMBEER, JR., JOHN, 
Lampert, Dr. ALEXANDER, 
Lambert, Dr. A. V. S, 
LamBeErt, Dr. Samuext W., 
Lameorn, A. H., 

Lamont, Mrs. Tuomas Wym., 
Lanpaver, I. N., 
Lanpon, Francis G., 
Lane, Miss Annie E., 
Lane, Epwarp V. Z., 
Lane, JAMES WARREN, 
Lane, Wotcortr G., 
Lance, Miss Carmen, 
Lancetoru, Mrs. J acos, 
*LANGMANN, Dr. Gustav, 
Lanier, Mrs. James F. D., 
Larnuam, Mrs. JouHn J., 
Larrinc, Cuarzes P., 
*TLAaupER, JR., GEORGE, 
Lauper, Jr., Mrs. Grorce, 
LAUTERBACH, Mrs., 
LAWRENCE, Emuen N., 
LawreNce, JouN Burne, 
LAWRENCE, JOHN L., 
Lawrence, Newsorp T., 
LAWRENCE, R. WARREN, 
LawreNCE, TOWNSEND, 
LAWRENCE, W. V., 
Lawton, Mrs. James Marsianp, 
Lea, Cuartes M., 

Leacu, Henry Gopparp, 
*TEARNED, WALTER, 

Lepuie, GerorGe, 

Lepoux, Dr. Apert R., 
Lepyarp, Mrs. Lewis C., 
Ler, Mrs. Freperic S., 
Lee, Georce C., 
Lerrerts, Marsa C., 
LEFFINGWELL, Russet C., 
Lrao, Grorce, 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT an 


LreGGcett, WarREN F., 
Leumaier, James M., 
LeHMAN, Meyer H., 
LELAND, Witrrep C., 

LeRoy, Epwarp A., 

Lester, Grorcr Bacon, 
LETKEMANN, H. V., 

LeEver, ©: EHL., 

Lewis, Mrs. Avecust, 

Lewis, Freperic Exxiorr, 
Lewis, Dr. Wittiam J., 
Lrewisoun, Aporpn, 

LEB, Jr., J. W., 

LirnHart, R. H., 

LincoLtn, Frepertc W., 
Lincotn, Lowe tt, 
LircHFieLp, E. Husert, 
Lircurretp, Epwarp H., 
LircHTENSTEIN, Pavt, 
Livermore, Mrs. Joun R., 
LoBENSTINE, Witttam C., 
Lorw:, Hueco V., 

Lorew1, Dr. Karu J., 

Locan, Franx J., 

Lornes, Russerxt H., 

Loomis, Guy, 

Lorp, Mrs. Georce DeForest, 
Lounspery, Mrs. Ricwuarp P., 
Low, Eruersert Ipe, 

Low, Jr., Wit1t1am Gi~man, 
Lowe, Wi111aM, 

Lowett, Miss Cartotrra Russe, 
LowE Lut, James B., 

Lownoes, THe Rey. Arruur, D.D. 
Lowtuer, Curistopuer M., 
Luprneron, C. H., 

Luptow, Mrs. Banyer, 
*Luptow, Rear-Apmirat Nicox., 
Lupium, C. A., 

LvuepErR, A., 

Luxe, Davin L., 

*Lummis, Miss Exiza C. B., 
Lusk, Pror. Granam, 
Lutrcen, WatrHer, 

Lyman, Franx, 

McAtpin, Mrs. Cyartes W., 
McAtprn, Jr., Mrs. D. Hunter, 
McAtpin, Georce L., 
McBrive, Mrs. Herperr, 
*McBurney, Cuarties I., 
McBurney, Henry, 
McCace, Louis B., 

McCarzi, Ricwarp, 
McCurntocx, Girsert S., 
McCoy, Dr. Joun, 

McCoy, Je C.. 

McCrea, W. S., 

McCreery, Rosert S., 


McCoution, J. S., 
McGuire, Joserpu H., 
McKeever, J. LAwreENCE, 
McKim, Joun A,, 
McKim, Leroy, 
McLane, Tuomas S., 
McLean, JaMEs, 
McLean, MarsnHatt, 
*McMorrry, G., 
MaAcFARLANE, WALLACE, 
Macx, Arruur C., 
Macy, Georce H., 
Macer, Joun, 

Macer, F. Rosert, 
Main, Franx H., 

Mate, Francis S., 

Maui, Pierre, 

Matt, Mrs. Pierre, 
Manecke, Dr. Pui.ip, 
Mann, WiLiiam pv’ ALTON, 
Mapes, Jr., DANIEL, 
Mapes, Ernest S., 
Marpury, Miss Exizaseru, 
Marckwaunp, Arsert H., 
Marcus, Grorce E., 
Marxor, Harry, 
Marxoe, Dr. J. W., 

AN rgheg (6, Jen 
MarsHatt, A. W. W., 
MarsHatyi, Mrs. CHAUNCEY, 
Marxuam, Roserr D., 
Marston, Epwin S., 
Martin, Jr., Braprey, 
Martin, Dr. Warton, 
Marye, R. V., 

Mason, Cuarirs N., 
Masten, Arruur H., 
Masters, Francis R., 
Masters, Miss, 

MatTHer, SAMUEL, 
Mayer, JEsseE, 

Mayer, Mrs. Joserpu B., 
Mayer, Marcus, 
Maywnarp, Mrs. Watrer E., 
Meape, Ricuarp W., 
Meexer, Henry E., 
Merem, James C., 
Ment, Henry, 
Mernuarp, Morton H., 
Menoy, Anprew D., 
Menn, Howanp, 
Messencer, Miss Marra Gerarp, 
Meyer, Epwin O., 
MEYER, Jr., EuGENE, 
Meyer, Dr. Georce W., 
Meyer, Miss Hetoise, 
Meyrowirz, Emin B., 
Mieuinc, Cartes, 


* DECEASED. 


28 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Mixzgurn, JouHn G,, 

Miniter, Mrs. Cuaries §, 
Miuter, Mrs. Cyrus C., 
Mitier, Mrs. Exisazeru C. T., 
Miniter, Peyron F., 
Mitier, W. W., 

Miter, Mrs. F. D., 

Mizis, AnranamM G., 

Miris, ANDREW, 

Mitts, Freperic C., 
Mitmine, C. E., 

Mircuerz, Joun R., 
Monvant, ALPHONSE, 
Monrcomery, CARLETON, 
Moore, Castmir vDER., 
Moore, Jr., Cuartes ARTHUR, 
Moore, Miss K. T., 

Moore, Mrs. Russert WELLMAN, 
Moorneap, Horace R., 
Morawetz, Vicror, 
Morean, Miss Anne T., 
Morean, Miss C. L., 
Morcan, Epwin D., 
Morcan, Mrs. J. B., 
Morean, Mrs. J. Pirrront, 
Morean, Junius S., 
Morean, Jr., Junius S., 
Morcan, Mrs. Junius S., 
Morcan, Wm. FELLOWEs, 
Morcan, Jr., Witt1Am Forpes, 
Morris, Dave H., 

Morris, GouveRNEUR, 
Morris, JoHN JACOB, 
Morris, Lewis SpeNCER, 
Morsr, Mrs. Grorce H., 
Mortimer, Ricwarp, 
Morton, A. L., 

Morron, Mrs. Paut, 
Morton, Warron M. D., 
Mostz, A. Henry, 

Morttey, Jas, M., 

Mort, Henry C., 

Morr, Mrs. Joun Bowne, 
Mowesray, H. Sippowns, 
Mvetter, Cuartes F., 
Mvuuntrep, Franx J., 
Munn, Mrs. Henry Norcross. 
Munroe, Henry W., 
Muwnsey, Franx A., 
Morcatroyn, JoHNn, 
Murruy, Mrs. Ferix Tone, 
Mourrnua, Tomas F., 
Myers, Wixiziram S, 
Narcett, Roperr, 

Neitson, Dr. Howarpn S., 
NeErItson, WALLACE Puart, 
NeEtson, JAmMEs W., 
NeEsMITH, JAMES. 


NxumorEcEeN, M. L., 
NEuUMOEGEN, Mrs. M. L., 
Nevustrapr, Mrs. S., 
Nicuots, Acosta, 
Nicuots, Joun W. T., 
Nickerson, Horrman, 
Nicott, BENJAMIN, 
Nixes, Miss Frorixa, 
Nixes, Roserr L.., 
Noxrxer, Roserr E., 
Norman, Mrs. Braprorp, 
Norman, Miss Maset, 
Norrie, Miss Mary, 
Norru, Georce B., 
Norton, Cuaries D., 
Norton, G. FrepericK, 
Norton, W. P., 

Norman, GeEorGE, 
OperMaAyeR, CHartes J., 
O’ConneELL, Dr. J. H., 
Ocus, AvotpH S., 
OrrtincEeR, Dr. P. J., 
OrreRMAN, JOHN, 

Ocpen, CuHartes W., 
Oumets, JOHN, 

Oumets, P. M., 

Oxcorr, DupLey, 

Oxcorr, 2nv, Duptey, 
Otcort, E. E., 

Ouin, Mrs. StepuHen H., 
Otney, Exam Warp, 
OtypHant, Rosert, 
OtyreuHant, Roserr M., 
Onativia, JoHN VICTOR, 
OreNuyYM, GeEorGE J., 
OprpenuHeEIMER, Dr. Henry S., 
Orpway, SamMvueEL H., 
Orru, Cuartes D., 
Oszporn, Mrs. Henry Farrrierp, 
Orrincer, Marx, 
Ovuvrersrincre, Mrs. Apotpeu J., 
Ovurersripce, Dr. Pavt, 
Pacxarp, Mrs. E. Winstow, 
Pace, Wiit1am H., 
Parnes, Mrs. Avucustus G., 
Parner, Dr. H. McM., 
Paum_er, Enear, 

Pazmer, Dr. T. S., 
ParisH, WAINWRIGHT, 
Parker, A. W., 

Parker, Epwarp Luptow, 
ParKER, JUNIUS, 

Parker, WinTHROP, 
Parparr, WiiiiaMm E., 
Parsons, Enwin, 

Parsons, Miss GertrupeE, 
Parsons, H. DeB., 
Parsons, Herpert, 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 29 


Parsons, Mrs. Joun E., 
Parsons, Miss Mary, 
Parsons, Witit1am Barcuiay, 
Parrripce, Enwarp L., 
Patron, Davin, 

Parrerson, Henry Srvuarr, 
Patterson, T. H. Hoce, 
PauL, JOHN J,, 

Payne, Mrs. Henry W., 
Pranopy, STEPHEN, 
Pearson, Mrs. Frepertcx, 
Peaster, Miss F. Ranvorpn, 
Peck, Cuarues E., 

Pecx, Leicester O., 
Peckuam, Miss Marie Lovise, 
Precram, Epwarp S., 
PENDLETON, Francis Key, 
PENFOoLD, EvmMuNpD, 
Penrose, Dr. Cuartes B., 
Percivat, L. A. D., 
Perkins, Mrs. Epwarp, 
Perkins, Grorce E., 
Perkins, Rosert P., 
Perry, JoHN P. H., 

Perry, Mrs. Wiriram A.. 
*Prerry, Witiiam A., 

Peter, Emin W., 

Peters, Mrs. Cuartes G., 
Peters, SAMUEL T., 
Peters, Wirzt1am Ricumonp, 
Preirrer, Curt G., 
Prerrrer, GEORGE, 

Puewps, Mrs. AnseEt, 
Puetps, Dr. Governevur M., 
Puitires, Wittiam W., 
Piatti, Dr. Viren C., 
PickHarpT, Cart, 

Piet, Gorrrrien, 

Pret, MicHaett, 
PIERREPONT, Miss Anna Jay, 
Pierrepont, R. Sruyvesant, 
Prerson, Gen. J. Frep, 
Bice Re We, 

Pittor, P. Sruyvesant, 
Pixcuort, Grirrorp, 

Pratt, Cuartes H., 

Puatr, Franx H., 

Pratrr, Henry B., 

Puarr, Livrnesron, 
PratTen, J. W., 

Prympton, Grirpert M., 
Poxrx, Dr. Witiiam M., 
PotztocK, Grorce E., 
Pomroy, Mrs. H. K., 

Poor, Henry V., 

Port, Freprericx W., 

Port, G. D., 

Porter, ALEXANDER J., 


Porter, Horace, 

Porter, Louis H., 

Porrer, Witi1am L., 
Post, Asram S., 

Posr, Mrs. Cuaries ALrrep, 
Post, Grorce B., 

Porrer, Miss BLaNncHE, 
Porrer, Epwarp CrLarKson, 
Porrer, FREDERICK, 
Porrer, FuLuer, 

Porrer, Ortanvo B., 
Porter, R. Burnsive, 
Porrer, Mrs. R. Burnsine, 
Ports, JEssE W., 

Porrs, Witt1aAm Brevoorrt, 
Pratr, Abert H., 

Pratt, Georce D., 
lenvanas lal, JbS 
Pratt, Joun T., 

Pratt, Mrs. Joun T., 
Prentice, JoHN Hitt, 
Prentiss, Gro. H., 
Prentiss, Miss HenrIEvvT<, 
Press, T. CuHannon, 
PreEsToN, VERYL, 

Prippy, LAwRENCE, 
Prime, Miss Cornetta, 
Prince, Epwarp S., 
Prince, Pror. J. DyNELEY, 
Procter, WiL1i1AM, 
Proctor, Mrs. Cuarues E., 
Procror, THomas R., 
Procror, Wm. Ross, 

*Pryer, CHARLES, 
Puurrzer, Mrs. Josern, 
Puusirrer, Mrs. N. T., 
Putnam, H. Sr. Cramp, 
Pye, D. H.. McAtrin, 
Pyne, Mrs. M. Taynuor, 
Pyne, 2npv, Percy R., 
Quincy, CuHartes F., 
QuintTARD, Dr. Epwarp, 

*RANDALL, Franx E., 
Ranvotpu, Epmunp D., 
RanvotpH, Wirtiam W., 
Ranrr, Ricwarp, 
RANGER, STANLEY, 
Rascovar, JAMES, 
Rasmus, W., 

Rasmus, W. T., 
RatuHBorne, Ricuarp C, 
Ravucu, WI11aM, 
Raymonp, H. E., 

*Reap, WILLIAM A., 
RepmMonp, Miss E., 
Repmonp, Mrs. Henry S., 
Reeps, Cuester A., 

Rem, Joun, 


* DECEASED. 


30 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Reip, Ocpen Mixts, 
Rei, Mrs. Ocpen Mitts, 
Rep, WaLLACcE, 
Rernuarpr, Georce N., 
Rerstncer, Curt H., 
Remsen, CHARLES, 
Rensuaw, Howarp Price, 
Reyno3ps, E. B., 

Ruerr, Miss FLorence, 
RHINELANDER, PHILIP, 
Ruoapes, Mrs. J. Harsen, 
Rice, Miss Mixprep G., 
Ricuarp, Epwin A., 
Ricuarp, Miss Exvine, 
Ricuarps, E. O., 
Ricuarps, Espen, 
Ricuarpson, Mrs. C. Trrrany, 
Rices, Gero. C., 

Riptey, JuLiEN A., 
Ripere, Mrs. E. J., 
Rives, Georce L., 
Rogssins, CHANDLER, 
Rossins, Mrs. Heten C., 
Roserts, G. THEODORE, 
Roxserts, Miss Grace Van Braam, 
Roserts, Miss M. M., 
Roserts, Owen F., 
Ropertson, ALBERT, 
Ropertson, R. H., 
Rogrnson, Mrs. Doveé.as, 
Rosinson, Epwarp, 
*Rosrnson, Ext K., 
Roxsrnson, G. H., 
Roginson, Miss Pavtine, 
Rosison, WinitaM, 
Rocne, Mrs. BurKxe, 
Rockwoop, Wiii1am H., 
Rovewa xp, F. L., 

Ror, Cuartes F., 

Ror, Franx O., 

Ror, Irvine L., 

Roenic, Water, 

Rocrers, E. L., 

Rocers, Mrs. Francis, 
Rocers, Huserr E., 
Rocers, James H., 
Rocers, Mrs. Witt1am Bevertey, 
RoKeNBAUGH, Henry S., 
Rorre, Avcustvus J., 
Romsovucn, Joun B., 
Roor, CLareNcE M., 
Roosevett, Mrs. James, 
Roosevetr, Mrs. Hitnorne L., 
Roosevett, W. Emien, 
Root, Exinv, 

Rose, Mrs. A. SuMNER, 
Roru, Freperick G. R., 
Roru, J. E., 


Roruxiaur, Rev. ANTHONY J., 
Roruwe.i, James E., 
Row1anp, THomas, 
Rune, Louts, 

Ruut, Louis, 

Runyon, Carman R., 
Runyon, E. W., 
Rupert, Justus, 
“Ruppert, J acon, 

Ruppert, Mrs. Jacos, 
Russett, Arcuipatp D., 
Russeizt, Mrs. Horace, 
RussEtt, Dr. Joun F., 
Ryan, J Ds 

Ryan, Joun Barry, 
Rye, Anruour, 

Rye, GraHam, 

Sacus, ARTHUR, 

Sacxerr, Miss Gertrupe T., 
Sacer, JoHN H., 

Sampson, ALDEN, 
Sampson, Cuarues E., 
Sanps, Miss ANNE A., 
Sanps, BENJAMIN AYMAR, 
Sanps, Mrs. Benzamin AymMar, 
Sancer, Mrs. Ratpn, 
Sarcent, Georce Lioyn, 
SatTreRLEE, Mrs. H. L., 
SaTTERWHITE, Preston P., 
SauNnpers, ALFRED W., 
Saunpers, Mrs. VirGinta, 
Sauter, FREDERICK, 
Sauter, Jr., FRep, 
Scuarrer, AnpreEas F., 
ScuaEFrer, Enwarp C., 
Scuarrer, Henry, 
Scuaar, HERMANN, 
SCHALL, JiR. Je Wes; 
Scuanck, Georce E., 
ScuarmMann, A. C,, 
Scuaue, C. F., 
ScuHauFFLeR, Dr. A. F.,, 
ScHAvuFFLER, Mrs. A. F., 
Scuerer, Anton H., 
*ScHEFER, CaRL, , 
Scuenck, Henry vdeB., 
ScHIEFFELIN, Mrs. H. M., 
ScHIEFFELIN, WILLIAM Jay, 
Scuirmer, Mrs. Marrua B., 
Scuirmer, Rupvorenw E., 
ScHMELZEL, JaMEs H., 
ScHMELZEL, Miss Jang, E., 
Scumipr, Anoten T., 
Scumipt, Wiriiam H., 
ScunaBEL, R. A., 
Scuorte, A. H., 

Scurac, Cuarres A., 
Scurac, Louis, 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ol 


Scureirer, Henry, 
*“SCHREYVOGEL, CHARLES, 
ScHUMANN, JR., JoHN J.,, 


Scuuyter, Miss Louisa Ler, 


Scuwarz, Henny F., 
Scuwarzwer, Abert J., 
Scorietp, Miss Marron, 
Scorr, Donan, 

Scorr, Hon. Francis M., 
Scorr, Mrs. Franx H., 
Scorr, Tuomas BryrHe, 
Scorr, WILiLiAM, 
Scovitte, Herserr, 
Scovitte, Mrs. Joun H., 
Scovitte, Roserr, 
Scripner, Arruur H., 
Scripner, Mrs. CuHaries, 
Scrymser, James A,, 
SEamAN, Dr. Lovis L., 
Sepvewick, Roserr, 

Seg, A. B., 

SELIGMAN, GrEorGE W., 
SELIGMAN, JEFFERSON, 
SELIGMAN, Josepu L., 
Senrr, Mrs. Cuartes H., 
Seton, ALFRED, 

Sexton, Lawrence E., 
SEYBEL, Dani‘. E., 
Sapiro, D., 

Suatruck, A. R., 
SHEEHAN, WILLIAM F., 
Sueets, Dr. E. A., 
SHEFFIELD, JAMEs R., 
SHEFFIELD, Mrs. James R., 
Sueitpon, Epwarp W., 
SueLpon, Georce R., 
SHELDON, Wixi1aM C., 
Sueparp, Mrs. Exniorr F., 
SuHeparD, FINtey, 
Sueparp, Dr. Georce A., 
SHILLABER, Wo., 
Suipman, Ricwarp D., 
SHoEMAKER, Henry W., 
Suonnarp, Horatio S., 
Snonts, T. P., 

Srptey, Mrs H. W., 


Strepensbure, Jr., Rertnwarp, 


Siece., Jacop, 
SIntEckK, Jr., Henry G., 


Sriutecx, Jr., Mrs. Henry G., 


Sirzmman, Harper, 
Simpson, J. T., 
Smorpson, Jonn W., 
Stncratr, Mrs. Jonn, 
Sincer, Artuur J., 
SKEEL, Dr. Franx D., 
Sxipmore, Wiritam L.., 
SKINNER, M. P., 


Suave, Francis Louts, 
SraucutTer, R. B., 
Stocum, Jr., H. J., 
Stocum, J. J., 

Stocum, Txos. W., 

Smipt, Mrs. G. L., 

Smipt, THos. 

SmiLey, DANIEL, 

SMILLIE, JAMEs C., 

Smituir, Raten, 

*SmitH, Dr. A. ALEXANDER, 
SmitH, AUGUSTINE J., 
Smirn, Mrs. Cuartes S., 
Smitu, Extas D., 

SmirH, Pierre J., 

Smiru, Rozerr K., 
SmiruHers, CHARLES, 
Smiruers, F. S., 

Snow, E. G., 

Sorcuan, Mrs. Vicror, 
Spaupinc, Keirn, 

Sparrow, Mrs. Epwarp W., 
Spear, JR., JAMEs, 
SprppEN, Freperic O., 
Spencer, ALEXANDER H., 
Spencer, Mrs. Enwarps. 
Sperry, Wixti1aAmM M., 
Speyer, Mrs. JAMEs, 
Spirzner, Grorce W., 
Sporrorp, Mrs. J. L., 
Spracur, Mrs. Franx J., 
Spricc, JupGE Carrol, 
Sprinc, Miss Anna Riker, 
Spurr, E. W., 

Saurps, Dr. Enwarp H., 
Seuire, Esen H. P., 
Srarrorp, WILLIAM FREDERICK, 
Srarrorp, Mrs. WiLtttam FREDERICK, 
Sranton, Frank McMitian, 
Sranton, JoHN R.,, 
Sraptes, Mrs. Joun J., 
Srarr, Louis Morris, 
Srearns, Louis, 

Srepsins, James H., 
SreeLe, Mrs. CuHartes, 
Srrrers, J. Ricu, 

Stern, Mrs. Arexis W., 
STEINBECK, MDWARD, 
STEINMETZ, JOHN A,, 
STEPHENS, O1in J.,, 
STEPHENS, Roperick, 
SrEvENS, ALEXANDER H., 
Srevens, Freperic W., 
Stevens, Oscar E., 

Srevens, RicHarp, 
Stevens, Mrs. Ricuarp, 
Srewart, Mrs. Percy Hamirton, 
Srewart, Wiiiiam R., 


* DECEASED. 


32 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Srickets, Enwarp H., TENNEY, C:, Hi, 

Srittman, Mrs. C. C., Tenney, DanteEt G., 
STILLMAN, CHAUNCEY, Terry, Mrs. Joun T., 
STILLMAN, JAMES A., Terry, Jr., Roperick, 
Siimson, Mrs. Freperic, Terry, WYLLYs, 

Stimson, Dr. Danirt M., Tuacuer, ARCHIBALD G., 
SrockMANN, Miss Marr F. C., Tracuer, Mrs. Grorce W., 
Strokes, JAMES, THacuer, THomas, 

Sronre, Miss ANNIE, Tuaw, J. C., 

Stone, Miss ELLen J,, Turayer, Harry Bares, 
Strout, Joseru S., Tuomas, Mrs. Howarp L., 
Strout, ANDREW V., Tuomas, JR., SetTH E., 
Stow, Gerorce G., Tuome, Cuas. STocKToN, 
Srraicur, WiILiarp, Tuomrson, Frarrineton M., 
Srrance, A. B., Tuompson, Mrs. J. TopHunter, 
Strauss, ALBERT, Turomeson, Witit1am Boyce, 
Srrauss, CHARLES, Tomson, Giraup F., 
Srrauss, FREDERICK, Tomson, Dr. Witt1am Hanna, 
Straus, H. Grant, TuorLey, CHARLES, 

Srraus, Percy S., TuorNneE, Crartes Stock TON, 
STREAT, JAMES, Tuorne, Mrs. Epwin, 
Street, W. A., THORNE, JONATHAN, 
Srrone, Jr., BENJAMIN, Tuorne, Mrs. JoNATHAN, 
Strone, Ricuarp A., Txoorneé, Mrs. SamvueEt, 
Strronc, THeron G., TuorneE, Mrs. W..V. S., 
Srroock, JOSEPH, THORNE, W. Vic iS: 
Srroocx, Louis S., Tuurser, H. F., 

Sruart, Roserr, Tierney, Mytes J., 
Srurces, Mrs. E. C., Tiers, Mrs. ALexanver H., 
Srurces, Henry C., Tirrany, Louts C., 
Sucx.iey, Mrs. R. B., Tittr, ALBERT, 

Suitiivan, Mrs. James, Titton, Joserpu W., 

Sutro, Lionet, Timken, J. Henry, 
Suypam, Jr., LAMBERT, TiImMMERMANN, Henry G., 
Swan, James A., Timpson, JAMES, 
Swanson, Dr. F. J., Tsaver, Ricuarp, 
Swenson, S. A., Top, J. Kenneppy, 
Sworps, Wm. Vooruis, “Topp, Ele Ele, 

Taper, Miss Mary, Topp, Water B., 

Tazor, F. H., Toxrer, Mrs. Virernta W., 
Tart, Henry W., Tomsy, BorGrexpt, 

Tarr, Witt1am Howarp, Tonneui Mrs. Joun N., 
Tac, ALBERT, TownsEeND, Miss Amy C., 
Tater, Enwarp N., TownsenpD, Mrs. E. M., 
*Tarcorr, JAMES, TownsEND, Epwin S., 
Tautmace, Mrs. E. T. H., TowNsEeNnD, Howarp, 
Taztmace, Mrs. THomas Hunt, TowNsEND, Isaac, 
TANENBAUM, Moses, Trivsie, Mrs. Ricwarp, 
TaTHAM, CHARLES, TrorscHer, A. F., 

Taussic, Noau W., TrowpgrivGe, Frepertck K., 
Taytor, Mrs. Henry Osporn, Tucker, Mrs Aenes J., 
Tayztor, Henry R., Tucker, Cart, 

Taytor, James B., TuckERMAN, ALFRED, 
Taytor, Lioyn, TuckERMAN, Pauvt, 
Taytor, Mosts, TURNBULL, ARTHUR, 
Taytor, Roserr C., Turnsutt, Mrs. Ramsay, 
Taytor, Wiitiiam A., TURNBULL, Wo., 

Taytor, Wm. R. K., Turnoure, Grorce E., 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 33 


Tuska, BENJAMIN, 

Twerp, Mrs. Cuartes H., 
Twinine, KE. S., 

Unt, Oswatp W., 
Unpverwoop, Wiriiam Lyman, 
Upmann, Cart, 

VALENTINE, Mrs. Patrick A., 
VALENTINE, Dr. Witu1am A.., 
Van Bevren, Jr., Frepericx T., 
Van CortLanpt, AUGUSTUS, 
Van ver Hooer, Mrs. C. W., 
VANDERGRIFT, S. H., 
VANDERLIP, FRANK A., 
VANDERPOEL, AmproseE E., 
VanpDeRPOEL, Mrs. JouHn A., 
VAN DER SmIssEN, Dr. G. J., 
Van Dyke, R. B., 

*Van Emporen, D. B., 

Van Gersic, Barenp, 

Van Incen, Mrs. Epwarp, 
Van Incen, Mrs. E. H., 
Van Norven, Orromar H., 
Van Nostranp, B. T., 

Van SINDEREN, Howarp, 
Van Stycx, Georce W., 
Van Winkie, Encar B., 
Varian, Witsur L., 
Varian, Mrs. Wirsur L., 
Vernay, Artruur S., 
Vernon, Mrs. CarHerineE D., 
Vesper, Kart H., 

Vietor, Tuomas F., 

Vitta, ALFonso P., 

VINCENT, Frank, 

Vircin, Dr. Freveric O., 
Vocet, Herman, 

von Bernoutu, Jr., Frirz, 
von Dreete, Wm. H., 

von GontarD, Mrs. ALEXANDER, 
von LENGERKE, JUSTUS, 

von Zepritz, Mrs. Anna M., 
Vuitteumier, Dr. Jutts A., 
Wacstarr, Mrs. ALrrep, 
Wacstarr, C. DuBots, 
Wainwricut, Mrs. J. Howarn, 
Watcort, Freperic C., 
Watpo, R., 

Waters, Epwarp H., 

Waker, Bryant, 

Waker, E. B., 

Watker, Gustavus A., 
Warxer, Dr. Jonn B., 
WaALkeR, JRr., JOSEPH, 
Water, STEWART, 
WoauiersteIn Dr. Max, 
WatsH, Samvuet A., 

Watrer, Enear, 

Water, Martin, 


Watnty, A. R., 

Warsoure, Paut M., 

Warp, ArTEMAS, 

Warp, Mrs. Grorce Canor, 
Warpner, Henry STEELE, 
WaRDWELL, ALLEN, 
Warren, Mrs. J. Hosart, 
Warren, Luoyp, 
WasuBpurn, Tomas G., 
WasHBurRN, Wm. Ives, 
WarverBury, JoHN L., 
Warersury, Miss, 
Watson, Cuartes F., 
Watson, TnHomas J., 
Wart, THomas L., 
Wearuersee, Mrs. Enywin H., 
Wess, Mrs. ALEXANDER S., 
Wess, F. Ecrrron, 

Wess, J. Griswo1p, 

Wess, Mrs. Wittt1am Sewarp, 
WeeExs, JAMEs, 

WEeEEKs, JoHN E., 

Weicte, Cuarurs H., 
Wein, Ricwarp, 

Wernic, Bernarp, 

Were, Mrs. C. Gouverneur, 
WEITLING, WiLt11am W., 
WELLs, OLiver J., 

Wetsu, Mrs. S. Cuarres, 
Werner, C. H., 

WEssEL, J. HENRY, 
WeEssELL, Artruour L., 
West, Dr. Wm., 
Westover, M. F., 
Wermore, Epmunp, 
Woueeter, Watter S., 
Wuertock, Mrs. G. G.,, 
Wuite, A. M., 

Wuite, Haro T., 
Wuire, Horace, 

Wuite, Leonarp D., 
Wurre, Mrs. Sranrorp, 
WuitenouseE, J. Henry, 

W uitenouse, Norman, 
Wuirenovuse, Wiriiam F., 
Wuitine, Dr. Cuartes A., 
Wuitinc, Miss Grertrupe, 
WHITMAN, CLARENCE, 
WHitrmMan, JR., WILLIAM, 
Wurrney, Ricuarp, 
Wuirrince, F. W., 
Wreore, F. B., 
WickersHAM, Grorce W., 
WiccieswortH, Henry, 
Wiixins, F. H., 

Witicox, Wm. G., 
Witirams, Arex. S., 
WiiiraMs, ArrHur, 


* DECEASED. 


34 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


WiiiaMms, C. S., Woop, J. Watter, 

Wixtiiams, Davin, Woop, Witt1am Conepon, 
WititaMs, Georce L., Woopuovuse Company, J. S., 
Wirirams, Mrs. Percy H., Wooprurr, Apert C., 
WitiiaMs, Jr., Ricuarp H., Woopwarp, Kennetu N., 
Wirtitams, WaLpron, Woopwarp, Mrs. WILi1aM, 
Witirams, WILLIAM, Woottey, C. M., 

Wituams, Wittiam H., Worcester, WILFRED J., 
Wirirsmson, Mrs. Burter, Work, Berrram G., 

Wius, W. P., Work, J. Henry, 

Wixurston, James R., *Worralt, P. B., 

Witson, James Goprrey, Worttey, R. M. Srvarrt, 
Witson, M. Orme, Wricut, Hat, 

Wineate, Geo. W., Wricut, J. Dunsar, 
WINTER, JULIUS, Wycxorr, Dr. Peter Brown, 
WinterrotH, Mag. E. J., Wycxorr, Mrs. Peter Brown, 
Winturop, Jr., Ecerron L.., Younec, A. Murray, 

WIsNER, CHARLES, *7 ABRISKIE, ANDREW C., 
Wirnerseez, Franx S., Zaspriski£E, Miss Eruen, 
*Wirrnaus, Dr. Rupoteu A., ZENTGRAF, Rev. GrorcE J., 
WItTMANN, JOSEPH, ZINN, GEORGE, 

Wotrr, Artuur D., ZiINsseR, AUGUST, 

Wotrr, Emin, Zinsser, Mrs. Aveust, 

Woop, ARNOLD, ZINSSER, JR., AUGUST, 

Woop, GiLpert Conepon, ZOLLER, CHARLES, 

Corresponding Members 

Gitrepper, T. P., LrSover, W. H. Duntiey, 
GILLESPIE, “I H., Miztwarp, Russert Hastines, 
Jounston, Sir Harry H., Srurtevant, Lieut. C. G., 


Tyrwuirr-DrakeE, G., 


* DECEASED. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 35 


Summary of Membership 


GReTACGLOIS Mies eee AE ptt ee es eee ee aE ae 6 
QU CLE Se L aes GX TC LULU xy eee ee eer ne een ae 13 
/ENSISCOVRE REY LEROY ECG Vey ee pem tig2  e aP RT ne ete en en CONN 4 
LES riya y OAS hs cS Oe Ta a ge Reel oe Sn See tare TS rt eect oS 
WP Te EID OLS tee. as ae es ees So Dh og eee . 
VEEL LONG ae a ae ae a Ec oeian, PN he pore iene Et See Peers 34. 
SORTA UY ci) MeAV LE TERE TS peer cae eh cen ed Ue oa lg ae ee oes ee he a dea POUL 
Honorary and Corresponding Members... pA ie Bee ie ¥ nea 15 


Oualifiations for Regular Membership 


Annual Members 2S 10 Associate Founders ............ -..p 2.500 


Whee AVLeMiperS. -- 200 Hounders Se pret no 5,000 
GR OMS sees see 1,000 Founders in Perpetuity....... . 10,000 


Form of Beyuest 
I do hereby give and bequeath to the “NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL 


MID eu OiMEILCKOLEY (Op RIN ClO LORI CS tose ot fu. ee I Bs 


UAad VUIS ASUNVdVE 


REPORT OF 


THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 


TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. 


THE Executive Committee respectfully submit the following 

report to the Board of Managers for the year 1916: 

The Committee regret to announce the death on December 
15, 1916, of Mr. H. Casimir deRham, a member of the Board of 
Managers since 1899 and an Associate Founder. Mr. deRham 
was one of the early representatives of the Boone and Crockett 
Club on the Board and was greatly interested in the National 
Collection of Heads and Horns, to which he contributed very 
liberally. 


The Committee also report with regret the death of Mr. 
James J. Hill, on May 29, 1916. Mr. Hill was a Founder in Per- 
petuity, and a member of the Board of Managers since 1902. 


Resolutions passed on the occasion of the deaths of the above 
Managers appear at the end of this report. 


Mr. Edmund C. Converse was elected to the Board of Man- 
agers on April 13, 1916, to fill the vacancy in the Class of 1918, 
caused by the death of the late Samuel Thorne. 


Mr. A. Barton Hepburn was elected to the Board of Man- 
agers on September 26, 1916, to fill the vacancy in the Class of 
1917, caused by the death of the late James J. Hill. 


MEMBERS. 


During the past year 193 new members have been added to 
the Society: 176 Annual Members, 13 Life Members, and 4 Fel- 
lows. Resignations and deaths, however, offset this gain, so that 
the total membership shows but a slight increase over the pre- 
vious year. The membership as of January 1, 1917, is as follows: 


IBENeTACLORS Me mete tek ne ee ee 6 
Pounders in Rerpetuity 2 2-2 ok. 13 


38 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


OUNGOTS: eee ee ee eee 19 
Associate Founders ree 4 
PAtGROnS> 2. PR Whi s ee es 33 
Lite’ Members: 2.3... Te esr) eee 302 
HeWOWSier eae PE Ch ewe 34 
Annual: Members.) ee ee OL 
Honorary and Corresponding Members 15 

Doel 

ATTENDANCE. 


The attendance at the Park and the Aquarium for 1916, as 
compared with 1915, has been as follows: 


Park Aquarium 
NOM Gos ae ee 1,656,820 1,499,667 
OS eee ae 1,780,077 1,538,831 


The decrease at the Aquarium is primarily due to the con- 
tinuance of war conditions which has affected all activities along 
the water front. Special and adverse conditions occurred during 
the past year, by reason of the car strike on the surface lines, 
and more particularly, because of the epidemic of infantile par- 
alysis, which, of course, greatly diminished the attendance of 
children at the Zoological Park. 


COLLECTIONS AT THE PARK. 


A census of the animals in the Zoological Park, compiled 
January 1, 1917, is as follows: 


January 1, 1916 January 1, 1917 
Species Specimens Species Specimens 
Mammals ......... iv uel 636 207 617 
Birdsgck 22 tet Ole 2Hteo 816 2,788 
Reptiles and Am- 
phibians . a, 791 98 782 


1,181 4,200 Tal 4,187 


The health of the collections on the whole continues to be 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 39 


very satisfactory, and the only serious loss during the year was 
the unexpected death of the West African giraffe. 


The Loring Expedition returned from Africa, having estab- 
lished important connections which will result in our securing 
many valuable animals in the future from that continent. This 
expedition enriched the collections at the Park by the addition 
of the following: 


Species Specimens 
aman eee Cee oe 13 26 
SIG Ske ae re ae. Pas 58 
Repth 2 eo ae eee ee 14 95 
52 179 


The most important event of the year in this department 
was the purchase of a collection of marsupials and other animals 
and birds from Australia, including the following: 


pr. Sloth Bears. 

pr. Wombats and young. 
pr. Parry Kangaroos. 
pr. Walaroos. 

pr. Red Kangaroos. 

pr. Agile Wallabies. 
Himalayan Bear. 


pr. Ibis. 
Wedgetailed Eagles. 
Frilled Lizards. 
Laughing Jackasses. 
Thicknee. 

Brush Turkeys. 
Mallee Hen. 


— 


SS °° DD DD 0D OO Ot 


Crimson Wing. 
pr. Tasmanian Devils. 


pr. Black Swamp Wallabies. 


Tree Climbing Kangaroos. 
pr. Rock Wallabies. 

pr. Island Kangaroos. 

pr. Grey Phalangers. 
Flying Phalangers. 

Cape Hyrax. 


Water Dragons. 
Bar-shouldered Doves. 
Crested Pigeons. 

Bronzewing Pigeons. 
Diamond Doves. 

King Parrots. 

Princess Alexandra Parakeet. 
Rosellas. 

Pale-headed Rosellas. 


Plovers. Vasa Parrots. 
Shrike. Bowerbird. 
Magpies. Brush Bronzewing Pigeon. 


Giant Petrel. 
Black Swans. 
White-winged Choughs. 
Long-necked Tortoises. 


HH OOH HWW SE WHM WURDE WOH WW Wr 


Wonga-Wonga Pigeons. 
Peaceful Doves. 
Fraser’s Lorikeet. 

pr. “Kea Parrots. 


These animals were brought by Mr. Ellis Joseph directly 
from the Antipodes, and arrangements have been made with Mr. 
Joseph for similar shipments. Never before has so complete a 
collection of marsupials been placed on exhibition in this country. 


A large collection of birds, including 216 pheasants, repre- 
senting 15 species was presented by Col. Anthony R. Kuser. 


40 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


The return of the Tropical Research Expedition to British 
Guiana under Mr. William Beebe increased our collections by the 
following: 


Specimens 
Mammals: (A Set eee eee gh Sort 
ReDUUCS = eee 2k ae ee ee — 1 Ll 
RSCG: etn ee, nk en eee Bins 1633 


Mr. Raymond L. Ditmars, Curator of Reptiles at the Zoo- 
logical Park, returned from an expedition to South Carolina, 
during the latter part of May with 560 specimens, representing 
40 species of reptiles and amphibians. 


COLLECTIONS AT THE AQUARIUM. 


A census of the exhibits at the Aquarium taken January 1, 
1917, shows the following results: 


January 1, 1916 January 15 1917 
Species Specimens Species Specimens 


Fishes 3c cee en 140 3,186 149 4,196 
Reptiles 2a 2B 95 19 123 
Amphibians. e-= 2 14 166 8 365 
Invertebrates ........... 21 2,238 PALL 1,306 
Mammals... 2 3 2 2 

200 5,688 199 5,992 


The collections have continued in excellent condition and all 
exhibition space is filled to its utmost capacity. The construc- 
tion of a large number of new tanks with increased depth has 
added greatly to the capacity of the building and to the interest 
of the exhibits. 


The principal additions during the year were about 1,000 
tropical fishes from Florida, five porpoises, an eight-foot shark, 
and a manatee from the Amazon. The porpoises and shark died 
during the year, but the manatee is living and is in excellent 
condition. The collection of tropical fishes is an unusually fine 
one. 


The only serious loss during the year was a collection of 
fishes secured in the Bahama Islands, which was destroyed dur- 
ing a hurricane in July. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Al 


Mr. Chapman Grant resigned during the year and re-entered 
the United States Army. 


An application for $90,000 for needed alterations to the 
Aquarium, was made to the Board of Estimate and Apportion- 
ment, but owing to the financial condition of the City there is 
no possibility of favorable action within the next few years. 
The proposed alterations provide for the transfer of the ma- 
chinery from its present unsanitary quarters to the basement 
under what is now the front entrance. This would put our engi- 
neers in dry and safe quarters, instead of their present exposure 
to high tides which sometimes rise 18 inches in the fire room, 
requiring our men to stand in water while at work, and threat- 
ening to extinguish the fires. The space made vacant by the 
removal of the machinery will be utilized for the installation of 
new and deep tanks, adding nearly 20% to the exhibition space 
of the Aquarium building. A new story will be added to the 
front of the building, which will be devoted to administration 
and scientific work. The success of the tanks, already deepened, 
indicate that these comparatively economical alterations (cost- 
ing less than $100,000), would greatly add to the sanitary con- 
ditions of the present building and to the great increase in the 
number and attractiveness of the exhibits. . 


MAINTENANCE. 


The sum of $197,074.35 was provided by the City for the 
maintenance of the Zoological Park for the year 1916, being 
$3,000 less than the maintenance for the preceding year. This 
amount was insufficient for the proper upkeep of the Park. Al- 
though the year closed without a deficit in this fund, it was 
accomplished only by taking from the Animal Fund nearly $10,- 
000, which was absolutely required for repairs to buildings. 
After strenuous protest by the Society, the appropriation for 
1917 was somewhat increased, and the sum of $199,560 was 
provided. This amount does not and cannot provide an allow- 
ance for repairs, which are yearly becoming an increasing bur- 
den. It also makes no provision for the 10% increase in the pay 
of the low-salaried employees to correspond with the increase 
granted by the City in their other departments. 


The Society feels that its employees have been discriminated 
against by the City in this failure to recognize the increased 


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TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT AS 


cost of living, which is especially shown on our men by reason 
of the very low scale of salaries at the Park. In order to remedy 
this injustice, the Society has decided to contribute a sum be- 
tween $11,000 and $12,000, to be raised by special subscription 
among the Board of Managers in order to provide in 1917 a 10% 
increase over the salaries of all the employees of the Park and 
Aquarium whose annual pay is less than $1,300. There is every 
indication that this amount will be furnished by the Board of 
Managers. 


Another year, the Society must have an additional $12,000 
for its employees to take the place of this voluntary subscription, 
and also a similar amount must be provided for restorations and 
repairs, as the Society cannot continue to assume this burden, 
which properly belongs to the City itself. 


The sum of $47,000 was provided by the City for the main- 
tenance of the Aquarium during 1916, and proved sufficient in 
spite of the increased cost of all supplies, which necessitated 
extreme economy on the part of the management, but in 1918 
increases in the salaries and an allowance for repairs must be 
made. 


The total annual cost to the City for the maintenance of 
these two institutions for the year 1916 in spite of the reduced 
attendance is between 7 cents and 8 cents for each visitor. 


CO-OPERATIVE STORE. 


In order to assist the employees of the Park to meet the 
strain of the increased cost of living, the Society has established 
a Co-operative Store for their benefit, and has invested $700 
in the stock, besides paying one-half of the salary of an attendant. 


FINANCES. 


The lack of an adequate Endowment Fund to supplement 
the income derived from Annual Members has cramped the So- 
ciety’s activities in every direction, and nothing except the most 
rigid economy and disregard of all opportunities to expand has 
enabled your Committee to keep the expenditures during 1916 
within our available resources. The balances te the credit of 


44 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


the several funds in the Farmers’ Loan and Trust Company, as 
of December 31, 1916, are as follows: 


Income Account 2.22 eee eee $10,968.47 
Animal Fund: nee Sete arene Cee s 2,852.80 
EndowmentsMunde. 2 4,512.80 
Gadwalader Animal “funds. aot ee 500.00 
Stokes Birdit und, (eee ee 58.54 
Art Gallery Mund¢s:.2...-- ee ees . 6,764.92 
Tropical Research Fund .................. i eee LSE 
Library Jun = 22 sehr h poem aes eee eee 295.29 
National Collection of Heads and Horns .... 78.89 
Wald aieife und 2 0 ee 129.30 
Publication“Hund 22-2 445- ee ih prices 6,000.00 
Heads and Horns Building Fund ................ ie 5,000.00 
Improvement and Repair Fund ........ ae 1,576.65 
Bota = oe Fae Soe 20 Sense ee ee $39,355.23 

Carnegie Pension Fund Income Account: 
Farmers’ Loan and Trust Company. $2,416.91 
Corn Exchange Bank (Bronx) ................ 499.95 
$2,916.86 


The Farmers’ Loan and Trust Company of 22 William Street 
was designated Assistant Treasurer, and Mr. R. L. Cerero, Bur- 
sar, of the New York Zoological Society, in January, 1916. These 
new arrangements have worked most successfully. 


Mr. H. J. Shorter resigned as Assistant Secretary in July, 
1916. 


INCOME ACCOUNT. 


The general income of the Society, including the income 
from the Endowment Fund, was insufficient to meet current ex- 
penses of the past vear, although every effort was made by your 
Committee to make it do so; and it was necessary again to trench 
upon the cash balance on hand at the beginning of the year. One 
of the heavy expenditures of this fund is the continuous burden 
which the Society has assumed towards the Carnegie Pension 
Fund, which annually amounts to the sum of $3,915. 


As a result of these drains on the Society’s resources, the 
balance on hand at the close of the year was $10,968.47, or about 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT A5 


$12,000 less than the balance of the previous year. This is the 
weakest point in the finances of the Society, and only a sub- 
stantial increase in membership, or better still, in the Endow- 
ment Fund, ever will enable the Society to fulfill its functions 
and extend its activities. 


ANIMAL FUND. 


The very substantial decrease during the year of the return 
from the privileges at the Park, and the continued use of gate 
receipts for repairs to buildings, (funds for which should have 
been provided for by the City), resulted during the year in a 
badly depleted Animal Fund. To meet this, an appeal was sent 
to members of the Society for subscriptions to this fund; and 
during the year the following were received: 


Ogden Mills ........ Fe tae ee Se on $1,000.00 
Wasson 5. Dickerman’ 2452 22.4522 eee 500.00 
Lispenard Stewart ................ seg ned irae 500.00 
James. B. Mord: =. SN ee, Oe ee 500.00 
RETA Vlsc DON Gy tea ee atc 500.00 
In Memoriam .... fee Teh ees Pah O hel eee ee ee ee 500.00 
(Gcorceu@Clarkgame es Veer fn) ee oe 250.00 
eel LOROaMies omen Ba aes Sw Bee 250.00 
ACO EIAS SC hiiiigremmen sot 2 eA SY 250.00 
LET SET Seed CoE 0 gt 2 ea et Ue aS ne f 250.00 
MOUS Oliva eee seeders 2 Olt pe acess 150.00 
iS eAWatic Gan INGCNOLS 2255 oe hy 100.00 
Es: lhompson =.-- Lhe tet Tt eg a en eee 100.00 
PAM Mose NCS Obes ee ea. a i A 100.00 
Mass HleanormdeG. (Cuyler: <2 See 100.00 
TOM ee eA CMOOlMie neo = ee Ola) ee 100.00 
PME MONO IAS 4 ins: eel Wee ALY og OS 100.00 
Mipcom namley Jie SMCDANG se. tea i 100.00 
Wit etl else aS Ones = 6 Wes ee ol oo 100.00 
VISITE a taal BES Gr 9 (2 ears See Ree oe eae ee as 100.00 
Waltham Church -Osborm "2 2s 100.00 
MiscellancOUS was fe ewe oe ae Se a ee ™ 2,085.00 

Rotaliperst tee... Sook resale eM Se eRe Bees Se OD-00 


Thanks to this assistance, the Society was able to maintain 
its collections at full strength. There was a balance of $2,852.80 
on hand, December 31, 1916. 


46 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


During 1917, about $14,000 more must be raised by special 
subscription for this purpose. 


ENDOWMENT FUND. 


During the year, $8,750, representing an additional 35%, 
was received on account of the bequest of Mrs. Morris K. Jesup 
of $25,000, which makes a total of 90% received of this legacy 
up to date. In addition to this, $2,700 in Life Membership fees 
were added to this fund, making a total of $11,450 received dur- 
ing the year. 

The cash invested during the vear was as follows: 


$9,000 Baltimore, Ohio, Pittsburgh, Lake 
Erie & West Virginia, Refunding 4% 
Bond ee ee Bs te: $7,920.00 
$1,000 N. Y. L. & W. Term, 4% Bonds ......... 900.00 


The Endowment Fund now amounts to $351,762.80. This 
fund is invested in securities yielding a net income at the aver- 
age rate of .4381 plus per annum. 


On December 31, 1916, there was an uninvested balance of 
$4,512.80 on hand. 


CADWALADER ANIMAL FUND. 


This fund consists of the income from the fund of $20,000, 
bequeathed to the Society by Mr. John L. Cadwalader, deceased, 
which is available only for the purchase of animals for the Park. 
On January 1, 1916, there was a cash balance of $788.89. The 
income during the year amounted to $1,000, and animals at the 
total cost of $1,288.89 have been purchased. This fund closes 
the year with a cash balance of $500. 


STOKES’ BIRD FUND. 


The income from this fund, which consists of $5,000 be- 
queathed to the Society by the late Miss Caroline Phelps Stokes, 
is devoted to the protection of bird life throughout the country. 


On January 1, 1916, there was a balance on hand of $277.29, 
and during the year income was received in the amount of $200. 
The expenditures have amounted to $418.75, leaving a cash bal- 
ance on hand December 31, 1916, of $58.54. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT AT 


ART GALLERY. 


The Art Gallery of the Society has been enriched during 
the past year by a life-sized painting of the Grant Caribou, and 
of the Musk-Ox, both in their native surroundings, by Carl Run- 
gius. A very handsome life-size bronze figure of Dinah, the 
gorilla, was presented to the Society by Mr. Watson B. Dicker- 
man at a cost of $880.25. This work was carried out most suc- 
cessfully by Mr. Eli Harvey, and is a very notable addition to 
the Art Gallery of the Society. A picture of the American Bison 
showing its former abundance is in course of preparation by 
Mr. Rungius. 


During the year, the sum of $3,770.65 was transferred from 
the Income Account to this fund, and subscriptions were received 
in the amount of $4,250, which made a total amount available for 
expenditure of $8,020.65. The expenditures during the year 
amounted to $1,255.73, leaving a cash balance on hand December 
31, 1916, of $6,764.92. 


Subscriptions of $250 for 1916 to this fund have been re- 
ceived from the following: 


Ogden Mills, C. F. Dieterich, H. M. Tilford, C. H. Dodge, 
Lispenard Stewart, George J. Gould, Watson B. Dickerman, 
Mortimer L. Schiff, Joseph McAleenan, F. K. Sturgis, Percy 
R. Pyne, George F. Baker, F. G. Bourne, James J. Hill, Grant 
B. Schley, Edward S. Harkness and Andrew Carnegie. 


TROPICAL RESEARCH FUND. 


During the year, Mr. Andrew Carnegie subscribed $1,000 
to this fund, which, together with the amount on hand January 
1, 1916, made $6,000 available for expenditure. The expenses 
amounted to $5,982.43, leaving a small balance of $17.57 on hand 
December 31, 1916. 


LIBRARY. 


The Library Fund is supported by transfers from the gen- 
eral Income Account of the Society. During the year, one such 
transfer was made of $500 which with the balance of $94.68 on 
hand, January 1, 1916, made a total of $594.68 available for 
expenditure. Books, periodicals, pamphlets, etc., have been pur- 


SNAG AO HHL YVAN NIVINNO 


4 ONIMNIUC Ollana 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT AQ 


chased to the extent of $299.39, and the account shows a balance 
of $295.29, on December 31, 1916. 


The Society hopes during the coming year to secure $5,000 
for the purchase of books and periodicals especially devoted to 
the conservation of wild life throughout the world, so that the 
Zoological Park Library may ultimately contain all the literature 
on this subject which is published. The books themselves are 
not expensive, but the services of a trained librarian are neces- 
sary to collect and tabulate the widely scattered and fugitive lit- 
erature on the subject. A complete conservation library would 
be of great service to the great cause of wild life protection. 


NATIONAL COLLECTION OF HEADS AND HORNS. 


The only sources of income for this fund are transfers from 
the general Income Account of the Society, and private sub- 
scriptions. One transfer of $600 was made during the year. 
Mr. Watson B. Dickerman subscribed $175, and Mr. John J. 
Paul, $15. These amounts together with the balance of $320.36 
on hand January 1, 1916, made a total of $1,110.36 available 
for expenditure. 


Heads and horns at a total cost of $1,131.47 have been pur- 
chased, and the account closes the year with a balance of $78.89. 


Among the acquisitions to the collection during the year have 
been a world-record Himalayan Ibex Head; a magnificent pair 
of antlers of the Megaceros or Irish Elk, secured from the Gil- 
ford collection at Orange, N. J.; a splendid Tibetan Argali Head, 
gift of Mr. W. B. Dickerman; a pair of antlers of the Tian Shan 
Wapiti, gift of Col. H. Appleton, of the British Army; a fine pair 
of mounted heads of the Philippine Water Buffalo, gift of Hon. 
Francis Burton Harrison, and a Musk-Ox skull and horns from 
Point Barrow, Alaska, gift of Charles D. Brower. 


HEADS AND HORNS MUSEUM. 


The most important event during the year was the raising 
of the sum of $100,000, chiefly through the energy of the Direct- 
or of the Park, Dr. Hornaday. This sum will be devoted to the 
erection of a museum to contain the Society’s magnificent col- 
lection of heads and horns, now rapidly becoming the finest in 


50 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


the world. This museum will be constructed on the east side 
of Baird Court, in harmony with the existing buildings. The 
building will be presented by the Society to the City, and the 
collections, when installed therein, will be thrown open to the 
public. Mr. Henry D. Whitfield has been engaged as architect, 
and the plans and detail drawings are at present under consid- 
eration by the Executive Committee. The following persons 
have subscribed $10,000 each: 


Mrs. F. F. Thompson, In memory of Samuel Thorne, 
Mrs. Russell Sage, by his family, 

John D. Archbold, Louise W. Carnegie, 

Jacob H. Schiff, Andrew Carnegie, 

George F. Baker, Edmund C. Converse, 


“A Friend.” 


WILD LIFE PROTECTION FUND. 


The expenditures against this fund during the year amount- 
ed to $100.09. The balance on hand January 1, 1916, was 
$648.64, and receipts in the amount of $180.75 have been received 
from the sale of Our Vanishing Wild Life. This fund closes the 
year with a cash balance of $729.30. 


It will be observed that since 1914 the expenditures of the 
Society for this cause have been very small, because of the fact 
that the Society’s campaigns are now financed by the income of 
the Permanent Wild Life Protection Fund. 


PUBLICATION FUND. 


During the year, a new fund known as the Publication Fund 
was started, and the following subscriptions were received: 


Robert S. Brewster .............. 2b). ee $1,000.00 
BR Av Schermerhorn = = eee 1,000.00 
RidwardiSbarkness se ae ee 1,000.00 
Cleveland’ H. Dodge 2 00ND 
Kmerson MeMillin Foe eee 1,000.00 
Anthony |R. Kuiser: ee ene ee io 1,000.00 

‘Potal (22 sos ee eee Sn ae $6,000.00 


There have been no expenditures to date, but two volumes 
are now in the hands of the printer. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 51 


During the year a new publication, known as Zoopathologica, 
was established to contain such technical medical reports and 
articles from the Park or from the Aquarium as are unsuitable 
for the more general circulation of Zoologica. One number, en- 
titled “Some New Species of Parasitic Trematodes of Marine 
Fishes,” by Dr. G. A. MacCallum, has been published. Zoopatho- 
logica is issued free to members only on application. 


The Society is about to undertake the publication of a very 
elaborate book of photographs of “Wild Animals in the Zoolog- 
ical Park” for free distribution among its members, and an elab- 
orate illustrated “Report on the Tropical Research Station” is 
now in type and will soon appear. Other volumes in hand are 
“The Care of Wild Animals in Captivity,” and “The Care of 
Fishes in Captivity.” 


Eventually, about $4,000 more will be needed to complete 
the above program. 


PARK IMPROVEMENT AND REPAIR FUND. 


The schedule of repairs and improvements at the Park, call- 
ing for an expenditure of $10,000 for the year 1916, was ap- 
proved by your Committee, but it was found that the gate re- 
ceipts had seriously diminished during the year and amounted 
to only $8,455.10. The sum of $959 was received from the N. 
Y. Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, and 
expended for labor in accordance with the wishes of that body. 
The schedule of repairs, ete., was reduced accordingly. Never- 
theless, extensive repairs were made to the Small-Mammal House, 
Shelter Pavilion, Musk-Ox Fences, Wild-Fow] Pond, New Storage 
Shed, Concrete Benches, Guard Rails, East Side improvements, 
and a large amount of work on walks and roads. This work 
will be continued during 1917, but on a strictly limited scale. 


CARNEGIE PENSION FUND. 


The fund of $100,000 received from Mr. Andrew Carnegie, 
produced $4,335 during the year, and as the total contribution 
of the Society was $8,250, the Society was obliged to make up 
out of its general Income Account the deficit of $3,915. This 
is a serious matter, and steps must be taken to increase the prin- 


52 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


cipal of this Pension Fund. Provision should be also made for 
the widows of employees, otherwise a great injustice may be 
perpetrated against some of the most faithful members of our 
staff. At least $150,000 additional is required for these two 
purposes. During the vear, the employees paid into the Pension 
Fund Income Account $3,144.39. On December 31, 1916, there 
was a balance on hand of $26,205.61, of which $23,288.75 has 
been invested in quickly convertible securities, and $2,916.86 
remains on deposit. 


ANIMAL HOSPITAL. 


The Animal Hospital has been completed and turned over 
to the Society at a cost of $17,833, and has been of great service 
in providing quarters for the proper quarantine of sick animals. 
It has proven one of the most valuable and important buildings 
in the Park. 


BOAT HOUSE DOCK. 


A new concrete dock at a cost of $3,548.27 was constructed 
during the year at the lower end of Bronx Lake, and has added 
greatly to the safety of those using the boats. This was paid 
for out of the funds of the privilege business, and is one of the 
reasons why the returns to the Animal Fund were so small. 


WILD-FOWL POND. 


The bottom of the Wild-Fowl Pond was completely lined 
with concrete during the year at a cost of $3,715.79. 


PHEASANT MONOGRAPH. 


The first volume of the Pheasant Monograph will appear 
in 1917. The fact that the plates for the last three volumes are 
stored in Vienna until the end of the war, will prevent the com- 
pletion of this great monograph as originally planned. As has 
been repeatedly stated, only 650 copies of this monograph will 
be published, and the cost will be $250 a set. Those desiring 
copies can place their subscriptions on record at the Society’s 
office. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 53 
RATTLESNAKE SERUM. 


The Society expects to secure from Dr. Vital Brazil of Sao 
Paulo, Brazil, 250 tubes of rattlesnake serum, of which 50 will 
be retained by the Society, and 200 will be turned over to the 
Surgeon General of the U. S. Army for use among the troops 
on the Mexican border. 


MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 


The general health of the animals has remained good dur- 
ing the year, and now that we have a hospital for the proper 
eare of the animals, our losses will probably be reduced to a 
minimum. The arrangements for the disposal of dead animals 
with the Prosector, Dr. George S. Huntington, and with the 
American Museum of Natural History, are working smoothly. 
Whatever autopsy is needed for Park purposes, it is performed 
at the Park, and the skeleton and skin are sent for mounting 
purposes to the American Museum of Natural History. All tis- 
sues and soft parts, including also such bony structures as are 
not needed by the American Museum, are turned over to the 
Prosector for his research work. 


TROPICAL RESEARCH STATION. 


The Zoological Society’s Tropical Research Station was es- 
tablished in British Guiana, early in 1916, under the personal 
direction of its Director, Mr. William Beebe. Mr. Beebe was 
ably assisted throughout the year by Mr. G. Inness Hartley, as 
Research Associate, and Mr. Paul G. Howes, Research Assistant. 
The site selected for the Station was at the confluence of the 
three great rivers Essequibo, Cuyuni and Mazaruni. 


The locality chosen proved exceedingly rich in wild life, 
and it is no exaggeration to state that the workers reaped an 
exceptionally rich harvest of results. 


In the autumn the whole party returned to New York and 
at once entered upon the exploitation of the results of the tropi- 
cal work. In the spring of 1917, there will appear, as the first 
annual report of the Station, a large illustrated volume, which 
will be a revelation of zoological work in a new field. In addition 


54 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


to that, much material remains to be worked up at home in 1917, 
by Mr. Beebe and Mr. Hartley. 


GAME PROTECTION. 


During the year 1916, Dr. Hornaday diligently promoted the 
interests before Congress of the Chamberlain-Hayden bills for 
the making of federal game sanctuaries in national forests. Both 
bills were greatly hindered in their progress by the great pre- 
paredness measures, and a large group of other bills of para- 
mount importance to the nation at large. 


In spite of liberal assistance, both in and out of Congress, 
and persistent attempts by the members of both Houses, it finally 
proved impossible to bring either bill to a vote. There is good 
ground for the belief that could either bill have been brought 
to a vote, it would have been passed by a large majority, though 
not without some opposition. 


The next matter of importance was the effort made in eight- 
een states west of the Mississippi River for long, close-season 
laws to save the sage grouse, both pinnated and sharp-tail, and 
other grouse and quail from the extermination that seems about 
to overwhelm them. Undoubtedly, some practical results will be 
secured in some of the 18 legislatures in session during the win- 
ter-oF 1917. 


RECEPTIONS. 


American Association for the Advancement of Science.—On 
December 27, 1916, the Zoological Society entertained the mem- 
bers of the American Association for the Advancement of Sci- 
ence at the Aquarium. The entertainment was in the form of a 
smoker and refreshments were served. Five hundred and twenty 
members of the Association were present. 


Reception at Aquarium.—The Annual Reception to members 
was held at the Aquarium on Monday evening, May 1, 1916. An 
attendance of about 400 was noted. Members of the Board of 
Managers and their wives acted as a Reception Committee. 


Ladies’ Day and Members’ Day were consolidated and the 
meeting was held at the Zoological Park on Thursday, May 18, 
1916. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 55 


MEMORANDUM OF MEETINGS, 1917. 
Annual Meeting of the Society, 
JANUARY 9, 1917, 8:30 P. M. 

Hotel Waldorf-Astoria. 


MEETINGS, BOARD OF MANAGERS. 
Annual Meeting, Park Meeting, 
ganuary 16, 1917, 3:00 P. M. May i, LOL. 2230) 22 ve 
Down Town Association. Preceded by Luncheon at 1:30 P. M. 


Annual Dinner, 
February 1, 1917, 8:00 P. M. 
Courtesy of C. Ledyard Blair, Esq. 


MEETINGS—EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 


January 11, May 10, 
February 8, June 14, 
March 8, October 11, 
April 12, November 8, 


December 13. 


Members’ Reception at Aquarium, 
April 30, 1917, 8:30 P. M. 


Members’ Day and Ladies’ Day at Zoological Park. 
May 17, 1917, 3:00 P. M. 


Elections.—At the Annual Meeting of the Society in Janu- 
ary, 1916, the following Managers were elected: 


F. Augustus Schermerhorn, Frederick G. Bourne, 
Percy R. Pyne, Mr. Austin Wadsworth, 
George B. Grinnell, Emerson McMillin, 
George C. Clark, Anthony R. Kuser, 
Cleveland H. Dodge, Watson B. Dickerman, 


C. Ledyard Blair, Mortimer L. Schiff. 


‘BE 
Bw) 


WILD RIC 
Dissension and strife never disturb the peaceful beauty of this quiet place. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 57 


Annual Dinner.—The Seventh Annual Dinner of the Board 
of Managers was held through the courtesy of Mr. F. Augustus 
Schermerhorn, at the Metropolitan Club, on Tuesday, February 
10, 1916. Short addresses were made by Prof. Henry Fairfield 
Osborn and Mr. Madison Grant. Mr. Raymond L. Ditmars, 
Curator of Reptiles at the Zoological Park, exhibited several 
reels of extremely interesting pictures, showing the life of ani- 
mals at the Park. 


Spring Meceting.—The Spring Meeting of the Board of Man- 
agers was held in the Administration Building of the Zoological 
Park on Thursday, May 18, 1916, at 2:30 o’clock P. M. A lunch- 
eon in the Rocking Stone Restaurant at the Park was served at 
1:30 o’clock. 


BRONX PARKWAY COMMISSION. 


The rapid cleaning of the Bronx River through the energies 
of the Bronx Parkway Commission has resulted in the general 
improvement of water conditions in Bronx Lake, rendering 
boating and other forms of recreation much more sanitary and 
wholesome. This Commission has now acquired substantially 
all of the land between Bronx Park and White Plains and is 
proceeding rapidly with developments. When completed, the 
Zoological Park will form the southern end of one of the greatest 
parkways in the world, extending north from 180th Street 
about seventeen miles to Kensico Dam, and connecting with the 


_vast series of lakes, and state roads belonging to the new Croton 


water system. 


AUDITING. 


Upon the authorization of your Committee, the auditors 
Messrs. Marwick, Mitchell, Peat & Company, made another ex- 
amination of the system of receiving supplies at the Park during 
the year 1916, and reported thereon with certain recommenda- 
tions which have been adopted. 


They are at present making the usual audit of the finances 
of the Society for the year, which is being greatly facilitated by 
the new system of checking the accounts quarterly. Their re- 
port, as well as that of the Auditing Committee, will immediately 
follow the report of the Treasurer. 


58 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 


The relations with all departments and officials of the City’s 
government, and especially with the Park Department, have con- 
tinued to be most cordial, and your Committee are greatly in- 
debted to these officials, as well as the members of the Board of 
Estimate and Apportionment, for their support and co-operation 
during the past year. 


The Directors of the Park and the Aquarium, and their re- 
spective staffs, have been most zealous and energetic in the per- 
formance of their duties, and the Society enters upon this new 
year with the assurance of an ever-increasing sphere of activity 
and usefulness. 


Respectfully submitted, 
MADISON GRANT, Chairman, 


PERCY R. PYNE, LISPENARD STEWART, 
WILLIAM WHITE NILES, WATSON B. DICKERMAN, 
WM. PIERSON HAMILTON, ANTHONY R. KUSER, 
FRANK K. STURGIS, HENRY FAIRFIELD OSBORN, 


Ex-Officio. 


Extracts trom the Mites 


of the 
Exerutine Conumitter of the Board of Managers 


of the New York Zoological Society 


Hw 8, 1916 


on the orcasion of the 
Death of Janes J. Hill 


Resolved, That the Executive Committee of the New York 
Zoological Society desire to place on record, their deep sense of 
loss in the death of Mr. James J. Hill, a member of the Board of 


Managers since January, 1902. 


January 1h, 1917 


on the orcasion of the 
Drath of Mr. H. C. deKham 


Resolved, That this Board desire to place on record, their deep 
sense of loss in the death of its associate, Mr. H. Casimir deRham, 
who joined the Board of 1899, and to enter upon the minutes of this 
meeting an appreciation of his kind and sympathetic character, and 
his deep and long devotion to the interests of the New York Zoo- 


logical Society. 


AGVTIVM ATIIDV 


REPORT OF THE 


DIRECTOR OF THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK 


TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. 


OTWITHSTANDING the handicap of an awful scourge of 
infantile paralysis, strikes on transportation lines, high 
prices and scarcity of animals, the Zoological Park has scored 
a fairly successful year. The drop in attendance, of 123,257, was 
this year wholly due to infantile paralysis and strikes on street 
railways, and the only cause for surprise is the fact that the 
decrease in attendance was not three or four times greater than 
it really was. 


During the entire summer the Park was so destitute of chil- 
dren that it reminded one of a deserted village. The attendance 
for the year was as follows: 


1916 1915 

AE TTC eee hee tiene three eee 67,129 80,606 
BIGDRU AY fee = a eee, 38,791 123,466 
ISS 1G aes ae A a a8 79,645 105,286 
Paratype em iy et cc 175,002 142,497 
Vl iiy green eine ak pe eee pars a ASS 245,483 
JOT e) eS 170,582 206,945 
TULA aS LAT a eee 235,873 230,190 
OUST we 52 2d Une ee 185,965 LTE 2NS 
Sempbember —2 a ki ee. 175,934 159,617 
OCtover . 2-82 AOD Ba 143,948 167,210 
INGIMEHIDER- 252) as eo 84,712 98,366 
EC CINOE Ty ates eo ee Os 65,814 45,493 
1,656,820 1,780,077 


IMPORTATIONS OF ANIMALS FROM AFRICA AND ELSEWHERE. 


During the year 1916 three notable special efforts were made 
for the purpose of increasing the collections. In British Guiana, 
at the Society’s Tropical Research Station, Mr. William Beebe 


62 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


and his assistants captured and purchased an important series 
of mammals, birds and reptiles for the Park. The total of these 
shipments amounted to the following: 


Mammals Pet eae oe 31 
IVC DENG: 2m ser ee eee poem eon ee 1). 
Binds. = * tes £ the oso i 154 
ISHES 2520 Se Souk eo Oe eee eee 33 


Slowly, but surely, the American wild animal market is 
adjusting itself to the new conditions created by the war, and 
new channels for supplies are being opened. It is perfectly evi- 
dent that the German dealers will, at the close of the war, find 
very many of their old hunting grounds closed to them, and for 
a long period. It is more than likely that from this time hence- 
forth, English dealers will possess the animal trade with India, 
the Malay Settlements outside of the Dutch East Indies, German 
East Africa and very much more of the Dark Continent. Here- 
after Frenchmen will control the wild animal trade of the French 
Congo, and there will be few regions left to the German dealers 
that are well stocked with big game. 


In view of this certainty, it is well for all Americans who 
need, or who ever may need, wild animals, to take thought for 
the morrow. 


One of the first results of the present situation will be the 
establishing of direct communications with Africa. The close 
of the war quickly will be followed by the inauguration of a 
regular line of passenger steamers between South Africa and 
New York. But for the war, such a line would to-day be in 
operation ! 


It needs no effort of the imagination to picture the possibili- 
ties in a direct line from Cape Town or Durban to New York of 
importing animals by a short haul along the line of least resist- 
ance. With the co-operation that we may reasonably expect 
from the Union Castle Line, which surely will do as well in 
freight rates on wild animals as the Hamburg-American Line 
has for years done by the Hagenbecks, our African animals 
should cost us about thirty per cent. less than we have all these 
years been paying the German dealers for animals shipped first 
from Africa to Central Europe, and thence to America. 


Last summer we invited the Zoological Society of Philadel- 
phia and the National Zoological Park of Washington to join us, 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 63 


on a partnership basis, in sending an agent to South Africa after 
as many menagerie animals as he could procure. The invitation 
was promptly accepted, and the idea was carried into effect. 
Mr. J. Alden Loring, of Owego, was chosen as the active agent, 
and in spite of all drawbacks he sailed on July 21, direct for 
Cape Town. In view of the fact that it had been quite impos- 
sible to ascertain in advance what animals could be bought or 
caught in South Africa on short notice, the whole venture was 
nothing less than a leap in the dark. 


The U. S. Department of Agriculture relaxed its rigid em- 
bargo on imports of ruminant animals from Africa sufficiently 
to devise a special set of regulations for gathering, feeding on 
American food, shipment and quarantine, by which our under- 
taking was brought within the bounds of possibilities. But for 
this kind co-operation on the part of Dr. Melvin and Dr. Pope, 
absolutely nothing could have been done. We shipped to Africa 
(at a cost of over $400), 40 bales of hay and 4,628 pounds of 
grain; the latter sealed in air-tight cases. 


At Port Elizabeth, Mr. Loring was heartily encouraged and 
assisted by American Consul E. A. Wakefield, who did everything 
in his power to promote the success of the enterprise. But in 
eastern Cape Colony there were practically no wild animals avail- 
able and our agent was forced to look further north. 


In Pretoria, the Director of the National Zoological Gar- 
dens, situated there, Dr. A. Haagner, at once became interested 
in our undertaking, and began to work for its success. Largely 
through his good will and active assistance, a collection finally 
was brought together, and shipped to Boston on November 27, 
on the steamship Cluny Castle. 


The Cluny Castle reached Boston on January 2, 1917, with 
practically no losses to report. In view of the fact that the 
animals had been in their crates for 47 days, the low death rate 
was remarkable. The landing of the shipment in Boston at first 
looked like a calamity, but its difficulties and dangers were all 
smoothed out by the Department of Agriculture and the Customs 
authorities in Boston. The former permitted us to ship the col- 
lection to the Zoological Park by rail, for quarantine, and the 
latter permitted it to depart without even one hour of delay on 
account of formalities. We are greatly indebted to Drs. Melvin 
and Pope at Washington, to Dr. Ryder in Boston, and to the 
Collector of the Port of Boston. 


SOOUVIONVY GAY YALVAND 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 65 


At the close of the quarantine period, the collection was 
equitably divided between Philadelphia, Washington and New 
York. 


THE RUBBISH WAR. 


Beginning as usual on May 1, in full vigor, the fight against 
vandalism in the Zoological Park was continued throughout the 
year. The forces and methods employed were practically the 
same as those of 1915. 


In order to fix our Park Rules and Regulations on the firm- 
est foundation possible, the code adopted by the Zoological So- 
ciety was submitted to the Board of Parks, and on February 24, 
1916, it was formally adopted by that body as a part of the Park 
Ordinances. Through the action of the Park Board our rules 
thus became in every detail a part of the City Ordinances of 
New York, and each section is now fully established as a muni- 
cipal law. 


Some question having arisen over the concurrence of the 
Board of Aldermen in giving Park ordinances complete legal 
effect, the President of the Board of Parks, Hon. Cabot Ward, 
formally submitted the question to the Corporation Counsel, 
Hon. Lamar Hardy. The opinion rendered by the City’s highest 
legal authority, on January 18, 1917, reads as follows: 

Under the express provisions of Section 610 of the Charter your Board 
is vested with power, subject to the ordinances of the Board of Aldermen, to 
establish rules and regulations for the government and protection of the public 
parks and of all property in its charge, and it is further declared in said sec- 
tion that upon the filing of a certified copy of such a rule or regulation with the 
City Clerk it shall become a general ordinance of the City. Under these pro- 
visions, | am of the opinion that such a rule or regulation not inconsistent with 
an ordinance of the Board of Aldermen, becomes an ordinance when a certified 
copy is filed with the City Clerk, without action thereon by the Board of 
Aldermen. 


Naturally we have watched with keen interest the effect 
of our rubbish war on the disorderly element, and also upon the 
friends of law and order and cleanliness. Our last published 
manifesto of warning and exhortation elicited one pronounced 
criticism, of a very odd character. We stated that 90 per cent. 
of the people of New York are law abiding, and 10 per cent. are 
of disorderly, lawless and even criminal instincts. Our 10 per 
cent. estimate, for the lawless element, was by some commentors 
declared to be ridiculously below the mark. One estimated the 


66 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


rubbish-throwers and the lawless at 25 per cent., and another 
at not less than 50 per cent. of the whole population. 


We reluctantly confess our belief that 10 per cent. was too 
low an estimate for the grand army of rubbish throwers, spit- 
ters, thieves and assassins of New York! 


Another curious feature of our campaign was the very sym- 
pathetic interest that it aroused in other cities, in the eastern 
area bounded by New Orleans, Chicago, Detroit and Boston. 
So far from being satisfied that conditions elsewhere are better 
than in New York, all outside newspaper comment deplored the 
existence of similar conditions at home. One newspaper pub- 
lished a considerable distance from us, declared that it is not to 
be lightly conceded that lawlessness in New York is any worse 
than it is in a certain other American city. 


Judging from wide newspaper comment, it seems to be a 
fact that many other cities which strive to be clean and beautiful 
are cursed by the same devilish spirit of “personal liberty” to 
be dirty and make dirt that we complain of in Greater New 
York. It is an incontestable fact that the ridiculous excess of 
personal freedom and immunity from regulation that this repub- 
lic has most mistakenly bestowed upon its own people, and equal- 
ly so upon a vast horde of unappreciative and ungrateful low- 
class aliens, has now become a curse to this country. What is 
even worse, the evil effects of this mistake are multiplying at 
a frightful rate. We are sowing dragons teeth that presently 
may tear our vitals asunder. 


One of the encouraging incidents of our campaign for clean- 
liness concerned a disorderly feature that by many persons once 
was regarded as impossible to correct. I refer to the curse of 
peanut shells that up to May 1, 1915, fearfully disfigured miles 
of walks and lawn borders in the Zoological Park. When our 
effort against this evil was in contemplation, there were many 
persons who warned us not to attempt to reform the status of 
the peanut. It was feared that any serious effort in that direc- 
tion would arouse an amount of ridicule that would be fatal. 


But the evil was intolerable, and it had to be corrected. 
Strange to say, in the face of rules, arrests, summonses and 
fines in court, the peanut shells disappeared as if by magic! 
During 1916, they were, in effect, totally absent! And not a 
word of ridicule was bestowed upon our effort. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 67 


During 1916, it was apparent that the lessons of the previ- 
ous year were remembered with profit by the lawless element. 
The number of arrests were far below the record of the previous 
year; but for all that, they were still so numerous as to prove 
that the fight must be continuous. The Park men, the plain- 
clothes men of the Police Department, the uniformed policemen 
and the city magistrates all have their work cut out for them 
as long as New York remains a city, and as long as our country 
remains the land of “liberty’—and of lawlessness! 


THE PAY OF PARK EMPLOYEES. 


Every year, for the past fifteen years at least, we have la- 
bored with the Board of Estimate and Apportionment to secure 
for our low-salaried employees all the pay increases that there 
seemed to be the faintest hope of obtaining. Each year a very 
small number of trifling increases have been secured, but the 
annual total has been painfully small. 


It is worthy of remark that with the sole exception of the 
Assistant Curator of Birds, more vears than we can accurately 
remember have elapsed since the pay of any staff officer of the 
Park has been augmented. 


In the preparation of our annual budget for 1917, we were 
informed that the Board of Estimate “would grant no increases 
under the head of personal service.”’ The abolition of two posi- 
tions set free enough money to increase the pay of eight employ- 
ees, and we made bold to ask for other increases that seemed 
imperative, amounting to $980.00. 


Over that unhappy item of $980.00 there ensued a long 
struggle, encompassing hearings and appeals, and finally ending 
in the granting of all of it save $60. 


Late in the year 1916, it was reliably reported that the May- 
or, the Board of Estimate and the Board of Aldermen proposed 
to increase the salaries of all city employees receiving less than 
$1,200 per year to the extent of 10 per cent. Without a mo- 
ment’s loss of time we entered an urgent claim that in that 
wholesale increase the employees of the Zoological Park should 
participate. The needs and the claims of our 154 men and wo- 
men, who came within the twelve hundred dollar limit, were 
set forth to the Mayor, the Comptroller and others in the strong- 
est terms. 


68 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Finally, it came to pass that the Board of Estimate and the 
Board of Aldermen did really increase by 10 per cent. the pay of 
18,448 city employees; but our own force was penalized by being 
left out in the cold! 


In view of the high character of our working force, its es- 
prit de corps, its efficiency and its high standing with the pub- 
lic, the treatment it received on the occasion described was a 
stunning blow. During the past two years, the cost of living 
has increased from 31 to 37 per cent., and the pay of our men 
has, with but trifling exceptions, remained absolutely stationary. 
That such a force should be so treated was not only dishearten- 
ing, but positively demoralizing. The situation as it stood meant 
for the families of scores of our men actual privations by depri- 
vation of such prime necessaries of life as food, clothing and 
medicine. 


In this emergency, an appeal was made to the Board of 
Managers of the Zoological Society, for a subscription fund of 
$11,600 with which to give to each Park employee, during the 
year 1917 only, a monthly gift or bonus in cash amounting to 
10 per cent. on all salaries under $1,300 per year. It was stipu- 
lated that if done, this action would carry no promise for any 
future year, for the simple reason that the Society could not be 
expected to repeat this effort. 


The response of the Board of Managers was prompt and 
generous. At the annual meeting of the Board, this matter was 
given first consideration, as being the most important business. 
The sum required was subscribed by the Managers named in 
the following list: 


Emerson McMillin (20%) 2 .. $2,280 
Edward S. Harkness .............. Pe et 2,000 
Cleveland Ha Dodves 1,500 
Mortimer Ly Schitt (l0°0,)) see = 1,140 
Wim: Pierson- Hamilton! 322-2) 1,000 
Wa Cy Converse ese 2 oe Os 1,000 
Andrew Carnegie ................. RD cot. ee 1,000 
Osden: Mills 2. eee eee 1,000 
GrantcB Schley. at 5 ee ee ee ee 500 

$11,420 


The first payment from this fund, for the month of January, 
was made on the pay-day of February 2; and never was a sys- 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 69 


tematic gift toward the cost of living more gratefully and thank- 
fully received. In addition to the direct beneficiaries, the staff 
officers of the Park are profoundly grateful, first because of the 
relief to the families of the men, and also because it saved the 
morale of the force from a crushing blow. 


There are reasons for the hope that for the future the city 
will grant to our men an increase similar to that bestowed upon 
the fortunate 18,448 last December. 


A BUILDING FOR THE HEADS AND HORNS. 


The filling of all the rooms in the upper story of the Ad- 
ministration Building, the stairway and the lower halls with 
the heads and horns of the National Collection sharply accentu- 
ated the need for a building in which to house the Collection and 
make it accessible to the public. The Collection now contains 850 
specimens, many of them of high value, and it is virtually a duty 
of the Society toward the public to render it accessible to the 
public. 


On this compelling ground, the City was asked to provide a 
building; but for subway reasons, the City felt financially unable, 
at present, to provide the funds. 


At this juncture the Society recalled to mind the fact that 
in 1899 the Society expended about $250,000 in erecting and pre- 
senting to the City the Reptile House, the Aquatic Bird House 
and twenty other installations for mammals and birds. It being 
perfectly evident that as many as ten years might elapse ere the 
City would feel financially able to erect the building, it was de- 
cided to make an effort to raise a building fund by subscription. 


With rare and admirable generosity, ten persons to whom 
the need very forcibly appealed, subscribed $10,000 each to form 
a building fund. In this effort, Mrs. Frederick Ferris Thompson, 
for many years one of the staunchest friends of the Society, took 
a leading part; and her own subscription and two others secured 
by her were the decisive factors in the undertaking. 


In view of the many humanitarian causes then being urged 
upon the attention of all philanthropic men and women, the urg- 
ency of our cause, as a measure of public benefit, was well attest- 
ed by the subscriptions that were made. The donors of the build- 
ing for the National Collection of Heads and Horns are as fol- 


AONE LIN YHALV Aa 


YOu GHANALNI W 


a i ial a |: 


OVANTd 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT ffi 


lows; and all persons interested in the big game of the world 
may well remember with gratitude these names: 


Mrs. Frederick Ferris Thompson, 

Mrs. Russell Sage, 

Mr. John D. Archbold, 

Mr. Jacob H. Schiff, 

Mr. George F. Baker, 

Mrs. Louise W. Carnegie, 

Mr. Andrew Carnegie, 

Mr. Edmund C. Converse, 

A Friend in Canandaigua, 

In Memory of Samuel Thorne, 
by his family. 


Mr. Henry D. Whitfield was selected by the Executive Com- 
mittee as the architect for the building, and work on the plans 
promptly began. Barring accidents and calamities, the building 
will be erected in the working season of 1917, the collection will 
be installed during the winter of 1917-18, and the building will 
be opened to the public on Member’s Day, in the spring of 1918. 


WILD LIFE PROTECTION. 


As previously remarked, our tour last year through the 
western half of the United States revealed situations more seri- 
ous and alarming than we had realized as existing. The disap- 
pearance of all killable large game west of the Mississippi River, 
through a wanton excess of privilege in hunting, and through 
ten times too many hunters for the game available, presages the 
early extinction of all the big game of the West outside the state 
and national game sanctuaries, and their environs. In those 
same western states, eighteen in all, the upland game birds are 
absolutely certain to be exterminated in a few short years unless 
existing conditions are immediately and radically changed by 
the giving of long close seasons and in every other way protect- 
ing the remnants of birds. This affects the sage grouse, western 
pinnated grouse, sharp-tailed grouse, Franklin, willow, and dusky 
grouse, ptarmigan and quail. 


Inasmuch as no one else, either east or west, seemed to 
be taking the slightest interest in either of the above matters, 
it seemed to be our duty to take up both those burdens, and en- 
deavor to bring about some sweeping reforms. 


12 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Accordingly, the big-game crisis was met by the Chamber- 
lain-Hayden bills for the creation of about one hundred game 
sanctuaries in national forests. For those bills we have constant- 
ly worked ever since December 6, 1915, when they were intro- 
duced. Although favorably reported to both houses of Congress, 
it has thus far been an impossibility to bring either bill up for 
a vote; and now, for war reasons, there is no hope that either 
bill will be acted upon at this session. We never will cease to 
work for this game sanctuary measure until it finally becomes a 
law. 


Concerning the cause of the upland game birds of the West, 
we have endeavored to start reform campaigns in eighteen states, 
simultaneously, while their legislatures are in session. Some 
are interested, others are indifferent, and the remainder are 
hopelessly apathetic. While we expect to achieve some real re- 
sults, the outlook is not very promising, and it seems more than 
probable that ten or twenty years from now the great majority 
of the states west of the Mississippi River will be absolutely 
destitute of upland game birds. 


The most of the state legislatures adjourn early in March, 
and results will not be known until then. 


THE ANIMAL HOSPITAL. 


The new Animal Hospital,—adequate, well-planned and up- 
to-date,—was finished in the autumn of 1916, and at once occu- 
pied. Its most notable single achievement thus far was sav- 
ing the life of a valuable chimpanzee, Fanny, from pneumonia, 
when her death seemed certain to occur. The speedy and com- 
plete cure of the case was due to the fact that the new hos- 
pital provided means by which Dr. Blair and Keeper Engeholm 
were able to control the conditions surrounding the case. For 
example, the small sized hospital cage is easily covered with can- 
vas, and converted into a vapor bath for the inhalation treatment. 


Except for the very large animals, or those so savage and 
so large also that their handling in a hospital is well-nigh im- 
possible, the hospital very sensibly diminishes the difficulties that 
surround the Medical Department. It is a great satisfaction to 
feel that henceforth Dr. Blair will have a fair show in the treat- 
ment of diseases and accidents among the Park animals. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 73 


DEPARTMENT OF MAMMALS. 
W. T. Hornaday, Curator; Raymond L. Ditmars, Assistant Curator. 


On November 7, the collection of mammals was materially 
strengthened by the addition of a valuable series of specimens 
from Australia. These animals were brought direct from their 
home country by Mr. Ellis S. Joseph, an up-to-date collector of 
and dealer in wild animals. Mr. Joseph made the trip from 
Sidney, N. S. W., stopped at Honolulu, and went thence to Vic- 
toria, British Columbia. From there he crossed the continent 
to New York. In all this long journey his losses were trivial, 
and his animals arrived in excellent condition. 


The new animals necessitated some shifting and rearrange- 
ments in two buildings, and in consequence we are now ex- 
hibiting a large and fine series of kangaroos. Of these, the 
following were brought by Mr. Joseph: one pair each of red 
kangaroos, Parry’s kangaroos, Island kangaroos, tree kangaroos, 
wallaroos, agile wallabies, black swamp wallabies and rock wal- 
labies. Among other interesting marsupials received in the same 
shipment were three pairs of Tasmanian devils, one Tasmanian 
wolf, a pair of gray phalangers, three pairs of flying phalangers 
and two adult wombats. One of the latter animals is carrying 
in her pouch an alert and active youngster. 


The shipment also included a pair of sloth bears, one Hima- 
layan black bear and two Cape hyrax, of which the Park stood 
greatly in need. 


The most important and spectacular purchase during the 
year was a female Senegal giraffe thirteen feet in height, which 
arrived direct from Dakar, West Africa, on the steamship Mem- 
non, on August 12. This animal was brought from the steamer 
at Staten Island by lighter, which deposited the exceptionally 
high crate at the coal dock in Westchester Creek, a very bad 
point of departure for the Park. It was our great misfortune 
to lose the giraffe on December 7, of lymphatic tuberculosis, of 
which no symptom was visible until long after its arrival. The 
acquisition of this animal was first proposed, and finally made 
possible by American Consul, W. J. Yerby, of Dakar, Senegal, 
who, with rare and commendable persistence and industry, over- 
came a series of formidable obstacles, and finally sent the animal 
safely into New York harbor. 


74 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Other purchases for the year included: 2 orang-utans, 1 
chimpanzee, 2 drills, 1 mandrill, 1 golden baboon, 1 black ape, 
3 sea-lions, 1 leopard, 1 civet cat, 2 cacomistles, 1 badger, 2 
striped-tailed dogs, 1 kit fox, 2 martens, 3 coypu rats, 1 albino 
porcupine, 2 South American squirrels, 1 pair black squirrels, 2 
black-tailed deer and two South American opossums. 


Among the more important gifts were the following: 1 sia- 
mang, 1 sphinx baboon, 4 woolly monkeys, 2 pig-tailed monkeys, 
1 Canada lynx, 3 common lynx, 1 young jaguar, 1 ocelot, 1 griz- 
zly bear cub, 2 red foxes, 1 coati-mundi, 1 black squirrel, 1 chev- 
rotain and 1 Mexican deer. Acknowledgement of these gifts 
and names of donors appear in following pages of this report. 


The American Museum of Natural History deposited at 
the Park two particularly interesting equines. These were 
specimens of the Celtic and Scandinavian horses. They arrived 
October 16, and have been placed on exhibition in a large yard 
near the Zebra House. 


From the Society’s research station in British Guiana, Cur- 
ator Beebe has sent the following: 1 yaguarundi cat, 1 ocelot, 1 
wild dog, 1 paca, 1 golden agouti, 2 rat-tailed opossums, 7 sharp- 
nosed opossums, 2 mouse opossums, 2 woodrats, 3 red rats and 
various other mammals. 


Births.—The increase of our axis deer herd is particularly 
worthy of note. Nine perfect fawns have been added during 
the present year. These beautiful deer are in much demand for 
private collections and we have sold many specimens. We en- 
deavor to maintain this herd at twenty head, or more. Demand 
from many sources, early in 1915, reduced the number to eleven 
individuals. There are now twenty-seven deer in the herd. 


Our elk herd also has materially increased in numbers, and 
we are much interested in noting the development of several 
fawns born during the latter part of October. Whether or not 
these late-comers will acquire enough strength to endure the 
winter cold, is a problem. Normally, elk fawns are seldom born 
later than July, and should attain a good growth by the arrival 
of the cold season. 


The following is a list of the most important births during 
1916: 


9 Axis Deer 1 Mouflon 


~l 
Ol 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


5 American Wapiti 1 Yak 

7 White-Tailed Deer 2 Grizzly Bears 

5 Red Deer 1 Hybrid Sloth-Russian Bear 
3 Barasingha Deer 6 Raccoon Dogs 

5 Fallow Deer 2 Raccoons 

2 Hog Deer 7 Himalayan Tahr 

2 Sika Deer 1 Persian Ibex 

1 Eld’s Deer 4 Red Fox 

1 Mongolian Wild Horse 4 Beaver 

4 American Bison 4 Aoudad 


Deaths.—We have lost a number of valuable animals dur- 
ing the past year, but these losses were mainly from old age. 
In many cases it was necessary to mercifully destroy decrepit 
specimens. Following is a list of all important deaths during 
the year: Siberian tiger; Stellar sea lion; great ant-eater ; Ameri- 
can bison; Indian sambar deer; anoa; sing sing water-buck; 
Suleiman markhor; nylghai; sloth bear; puma; South American 
tapir; Malay sambar deer; Dybowsky’s deer; barasingha deer ; 
sable antelope; bontibok; American wapiti, and Senegal giraffe. 


The folowing is a census of the Department of Mammals 
as compiled at the close of 1916: 


Species Specimens 

IVERES UID Valli eee reenter 15 38 
SGT beer = ee arte tee Re Ce 1 1 
(CRNA INV ONEE IS ae ieee i, eee ae ae aie Se 47 107 
Aman CC eas eee eS ee Stes 1 6 
ROGenblae +6 nur nhs oe eer oad 36 128 
BATE GGT SH STS ek Sed ee gee ee okt 64 
Artiodactyla (Even-toed Ungulates) 59 250 
Perissodactyla (Odd-toed Ungulates) 14 23 
Proboscidea ... feed tomes ates Pn net ee Y 3 
Elyse OlG Coles we eee ae ee a eee TN il 2 

207 617 


The work of renewing the old cages in the Small-Mammal 
House has been two-thirds completed. The new cages are of 
ideal construction, and are much more satisfactory than were 
the cages of the original series, even when new. With them it 
is possible to maintain a more wholesome atmosphere than in 
the past. With the new construction, the floors are non-absorb- 


ane 
oe ee " - , 


Mm 


RSS 
LAO 

© ISIS 

S Ear Wa 


Seres 


HOSPITAL 


TYPES OF PORTABLE CAGES USED IN THE NEW 


Vy) eC ee ee oe ee, ee ary 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT LCF 


ent, all wood work and sliding partitions have been eliminated, 
the fronts are more open, and there is a series of cement gutters 
for perfect drainage. A number of new cages are already occu- 
pied by the miscellaneous small carnivores. 


The following animals were sold during 1916: 


6 axis deer; 1 Indian sambar deer; 5 wapiti; 3 fallow deer; 
1 pair raccoon dogs, and 1 kinkajou. 


The Zoological Room of the Washington Irving High School 
was stocked with mammals, birds and reptiles as usual through- 
out the school year. 


REPORT OF THE VETERINARIAN OF THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 
By W. Reid Blair, D. V. S. 


The total number of deaths during the year was less than 
during 1915, even though our losses included a considerable 
number of aged antelope and deer that had been exhibited in 
our collections for from ten to fourteen years. In most instances 
these animals did not die as the result of acute disease, but were 
destroyed on account of general debility that had rendered them 
unfit for further exhibition in our collections. 


Among the animals destroyed that had been on constant 
exhibition for twelve or more years were: two American bison, 
a sing-sing waterbuck, sloth bear, Indian sambar deer, bara- 
singha deer, American wapiti, female nylghai, and a markhor. 


The new Animal Hospital is now in use. Fortunately few 
cases of illness have developed since it became available, so that 
its utility, as yet, has not been tested to the utmost. The Joseph 
collection of Australian animals was quarantined in the new 
building, as well as a part of the shipment of animals received 
from South Africa in charge of Mr. Loring. 


The building has been available also for the isolation and 
observation of suspicious cases of infectious or contagious dis- 
eases, that have occurred among our collections during the win- 
ter. The prompt isolation of two cases of suspected distemper, 
that were detected in the early stages, checked a dreaded disease 
for which we are constantly on the lookout. 


yy maui! vial i as 
CO a 
MERRE MER AVE 


NY: dll Bue i ie th 


i 


(Hi EU EG il Hat | 


eugmie) oi iil 


iil innaana! i GA Py Se 
I wen We a 


alg de ec SR 
- 


— 
pees a 


WNT 


i | 
HH nel Hae i 
Be | aa 


ra 


1T i 
ra { 
4 
tg | 
ee 
a 
a 


PORTABLE CAGE, NEW HOSPITAL 
Showing the small door which slides in channeliron grooves. The cage 
front swings or may be lifted out entirely. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 79 


The photographs of the new hospital will partially indicate 
some of the facilities that this building affords for the proper 
care and treatment of the medical and surgical cases which occur 
in our collections from time to time. If the hospital is not con- 
stantly filled with patients, it will indicate that the health of the 
collections in general is good. 


The first patients in the new hospital were two small moun- 
tain sheep that were suffering from digestive diseases. Both 
animals recovered, and in due time were returned to their exhi- 
bition quarters. 


Tuberculosis—Few cases of tuberculosis have occurred in 
our collections during the past year, although the loss of our 
newly acquired giraffe was due to that disease. This animal died 
from acute tubercular pneumonia, but the autopsy revealed a 
very extensive lymphatic tuberculosis which antedated the ani- 
mal’s arrival at the Park in August. This case well illustrates 
and supports one of our contentions, that in the average case 
of tuberculosis, the disease has been contracted before the animal 
reaches the Park, either under the unfavorable conditions found 
in quarters of animal dealers, or under still more unhygienic 
surroundings prevailing in transit. 


During the fall of 1915, the male Siberian tiger first showed 
signs of ill health, and was promptly isolated. Notwithstanding 
a splendid appetite, he continued to lose flesh. The first suspi- 
cion we had that this animal was tubercular, was when he began 
to have a harsh, moist cough. The post mortem examination 
showed acute pulmonary tuberculosis. This animal’s cage mate, 
while looked upon as a suspicious case and in consequence iso- 
lated, has not, up to this date, shown any evidences of tuber- 
cular infection or any other disease. 


Distemper.—There have been a number of cases of distem- 
per among the wolves, coyotes and foxes during the year, but 
the prompt isolation of suspected cases limited the infection. 
The source of contagion was easily traced to a coyote which 
came from New Jersey. This animal was quarantined for ob- 
servation for two weeks, at the end of which period it was placed 
in the Fox Dens. After an interval of ten days, a coyote in an 
adjoining cage developed an acute case of distemper, and later 
other cases developed. Still, the new arrival appeared normal 
in very way, and continued to appear so for a number of weeks. 


AVITHSOH MAN ‘WOOW OINILVUAdIO 


oi ieee 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 81 


It finally showed symptoms of chorea, which is a nervous condi- 
tion frequently appearing weeks after a mild attack of distemper, 
showing that this animal was suffering from so mild a form 
of distemper that when placed on exhibition, it did not betray it, 
and yet was capable of giving the disease to other animals. 


Actinomycosis in Kangaroos.—Late in December a wallaroo, 
one of the animals recently received from Australia, was found 
to have some affection of the mouth. After the removal of the 
animal to the operating room at the hospital for examination, 
it was found to be suffering from actinomycosis of the jaw bones. 
Several days later another case of actinomycosis was found in 
one of the wallabies, that had come in the same shipment of ani- 
mals. In the kangaroo, the disease runs a very acute and viru- 
lent course, and in this respect simulates the disease as observed 
in the prong-horned antelope. The disease is not contagious, 
but the animals seem to contract it readily whenever the dis- 
charges from the infected subjects are allowed to contaminate 
the food of the healthy ones. 


Infectious Catarrhal Fever in Deer.—During the past win- 
ter an infectious malady affecting deer appeared in the Small- 
Deer House, and caused the death of several animals. As the 
disease is new to us, it is worthy of special mention. 


The disease, as seen in the sambar and sika deer, is char- 
acterized by symptoms of an acute inflammation of the respira- 
tory and digestive tracts. The contagious character of the dis- 
ease is not well marked, but the infectiousness of the discharge 
is well evidenced by the fact that animals in close contact or in 
adjoining stalls readily contract it. 


The deaths occurring among mammals, were divided as 
follows: 


| BOVEY G a3 (ER alan easy ea a eer Oia Ree ea AS 63 
CARMIViOneSaet hoe on Oe ee 41 
Uneulates: 2... Mea oe LENT Or Tn! aa 43 
EUG CLG INS meee ek ee See NT ey 35 
Marsupials «2. =: Ret i eet oe he 14 
J PETA OG OLEYG Ee De Seared I a Et eee el ero 2, 
Edentates .... SEF PE etalk 0 GUE TI) og OE 2 


82 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


DEPARTMENT OF BIRDS. 


William Beebe, Curator; Lee S. Crandall, Assistant Curator; 
Samuel Stacey, Head Keeper. 


Since the writing of the report of the Department of Birds 
for 1915, conditions in the bird market have not improved. We 
feel, therefore, that we are fortunate to be able to state that 
since that time the collections, either in species or specimens, 
have not diminished. In former years, we were almost entirely 
dependent on importations from Europe, for the up-keep of the 
collections. Asiatic, African and Australasian forms reached 
us from that source, and far more South American species came 
by the roundabout way of Hamburg, than by the more direct 
route. The opening of hostilities in 1914 put a very effectual 
damper on such shipments, and the meager supply which has 
continued to dribble through via Rotterdam and London, has 
constantly diminished. The recent act prohibiting the impor- 
tation of live birds into England has proved so stringent that 
this traffic now is practically ended. 


Fortunately, however, the throttling of the live bird trade 
has been gradual, so that we have been able to develop new arte- 
ries of supply, as the old ones grew weaker. South America, 
principally through the Tropical Research Station, as well as by 
other means, has been successfully tapped. Australia, whose 
avifauna ordinarily has been obtainable only on rare occasions, 
can at present find a foreign market nowhere except in America. 
It thus happens that, while we still retain a representative col- 
lection of the birds of the world, including those of our own 
country, we are particularly rich in the species of South America 
and Australia. 


From the Tropical Research Station, located in the hinter- 
land of British Guiana, we have received a steady supply of 
valuable acquistions. Besides numbers of the more usual spe- 
cies, the shipments included a fine adult male cock-of-the-rock, 
(Rupicola rupicola) in the full magnificence of orange plumage; 
a pompadour cotinga, (Xipholena punicea), probably never be- 
fore exhibited alive; three white-necked rails, (Porzana albicol- 
lis) ; several dusky parrots, (Pionus fuscus), and a lavendar jay, 
(Cyanocorax cauanus). 


From a professional collector, we received a pair each of 
the picine woodhewer, (Dendroplex picinus), and the white- 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 83 


WHITE-NECKED CRANE 
Bred in the Zoological Park. 


footed oven-bird (Furnarius agnatus), South American species, 
both of which are new to aviculture. 


Mr. Victor M. Cutter, of the United Fruit Co., sent us from 
Costa Rica, a pair of the Montezuma giant cacique, (Gymnos- 
tinops montezumae), a species hitherto represented in captivity 
only by the fine specimen brought from the same country in 
1914, and which still remains in excellent condition. 


Early in November, Mr. Ellis Joseph arrived from Australia 
with a varied coilection of mammals and birds. We secured a 
large number of interesting species, chief among which are a New 


84 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Zealand giant petrel, (Macronectes giganteus albus), two kea 
parrots, (Nestor notabilis), pairs each of the Australian white 
ibis, (Ibis molucca strictipennis), the straw-necked ibis, (Car- 
phibis spinicollis), Queen Alexandra parrakeet (Spathopterus 
alexandrae), and several white-winged choughs, (Corcorax 
melanorhamphius) . 


A very important accession, was the gift of Colonel Anthony 
R. Kuser, who presented 254 birds of 29 species, most of them 
being pheasants. Included were Cheer, (Catreus wallichi), 
brown eared, (Crossoptilon manchuricum), Swinhoe, (Gennaeus 
swinhoei), and Elliot pheasants, (Callophasis ellioti), besides 
three species of Kalij and a number of the more common species. 
It is to be noted with regret that this accession marks the dis- 
solution of the finest collection in America. 


Because of various adverse conditions, breeding results were 
not so satisfactory in 1916 as during the preceding year. We 
succeeded, however, in rearing, for the first time in this country, 
a white-necked crane, (Pseudogeranus leuwcauchen), a member 
of a group not easily bred. Most worthy of note among other 
birds reared this year are three picazuro pigeons, (Columba pica- 
zuro), a new record, about twenty mourning doves, several of 
which were liberated in the Park, a number of bob-white and 
sealed quail, two laughing gulls and a white-crested pheasant, 
(Gennaeus albicristatus), the latter probably not previously bred 
in America. 


The Wild-Fowl Pond, which for several years past has 
given us much trouble because of regular outbreaks of cocci- 
diosis during the summer months, has now been furnished with 
a solid bottom of concrete. The collection of water fowl is rap- 
idly being built up and we expect now to be able to maintain it. 


During the past year the Curator, in company with a party 
of assistants, spent six months in British Guiana, South America, 
establishing the Tropical Research Station, the success of which 
has been described elsewhere in this Report. While the chief 
object of this new undertaking is scientific research, yet during 
the summer, 154 live birds, comprising thirty-four species, of 
which seven were quite new to the collection, were sent to the 
Zoological Park. 


The value of the laboratory built in the Zoological Park for 
the scientific work of the Department has been amply demon- 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 85 
strated during the past year. It has afforded excellent facilities 


for the Curator and Mr. Hartley to carry on their research, since 
their return from the Tropical Station. 


CENSUS OF BIRDS LIVING IN THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 


January We OT. 


Order's Species Specimens 
Rheiformes, Rue ic ett ete unrest 1 it 
Struthioniformes, Ostrichessts.. =: eer ener. 4 
Casuariiformes, Cassowaries and Emus 3 8 
Tinamiformes, AMMAMOUS <2. =... ee 2 2 
Galliformes, Quail and Pheasants ....... 64 Bo 
Turniciformes, Lem POGESt we tes 1 1 
Pteroclidiformes, anc GnOUseswes ee 1 1 
Columbiformes, Pigeons and Doves ......... 45 175 
Ralliformes, Coots and Gallinules ....... 10 16 
Sphenisciformes, RenOUlNS re eet ae 1 3 
Lariformes, Gulls vand-Terns >. 12 39 
Charadriiformes, Plovers and Sandpipers 8 14 
Gruiformes, Cranes, Seriemas, etc. 9 24 
Ardeiformes, Ibises, Storks and 

IGrONS(S 6 oe re ee 26 66 
Palamedeiformes, Screamers __. Panda hens 2, 3 
Phoenicopteriformes, HlamiMe oes 2.4 es 2 3 
Anseriformes, Swans, Geese and Ducks 67 637 
Pelecaniformes, Cormorants and Pelicans 8 20 
Cathartidiformes, New World Vultures _. i LLY 
Accipitriformes, Hawks and Eagles; Old 
World Vultunes = 17 32 
Strigiformes, Owl Sie es. eee Pe it2, 2, 
Psittaciformes, Parrots, Macaws and 
Cockatooss = - 58 145 
Coraciiformes, Kingfishers, Hornbills, 
etea Se et ebeige. Aas 2, 8 
Cuculiformes, Touracos and Cuckoos _. 3 8 
Scansoriformes, Barbets and Toucans _. 9 it 
Piciformes, Woodpeckers... 5 17 
Passeriformes, Thrushes, Sparrows and 
other Perching Birds 439 1173 
816 2788 


Summary: Orders, 27; Species, 816; Specimens, 2,788. 


CARPET PYTHON 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 87 


DEPARTMENT OF REPTILES. 
Raymond L. Ditmars, Curator; Charles E. Snyder, Head Keeper. 


An important event, of the past year, in this department, 
was the Curator’s collecting trip, which very fully filled the gaps 
in the collections of the Reptile House. We had experienced 
much difficulty in maintaining the collections at a high standard, 
owing to war conditions and the consequent lack of Old World 
specimens. 


The expedition to South Carolina for reptiles resulted in 
the capture of over 560 specimens, representing over 40 species, 
as follows: Crocodilia, 1 species; turtles and tortoises, 7 species; 
lizards, 7 species; serpents, 19 species; amphibians, 9 species. 


The collection of snakes was particularly noteworthy. De- 
ducting the weight of the crates shipped north, the weight in 
captive serpents was over a quarter of a ton—530 pounds. Fine 
examples of the cane-brake rattlesnake and many huge speci- 
mens of the ‘“‘cotton-mouth” snake, or moccasin, were collected. 
There was a very complete series of the several species and sub- 
species of the brightly colored, non-venomous water snakes— 
some of very large size. 


One large alligator and a number of small ones were shipped 
to the Park. The time consumed in this trip was from April 
23, to May 10. The Curator and his assistant, Keeper George 
Palmer, of the Reptile House Staff, worked through various 
kinds of sub-tropical country, embracing large areas of cypress 
swamp, hammocks, savannahs and pine woods, all in Jasper 
County, South Carolina. The Zoological Society Bulletin has 
already published several articles from observations made dur- 
ing the trip. 


After fifteen years of caring for snakes of various types, 
and always with a large and representative series of the poison- 
ous species, the first accident from a venomous serpent occurred 
in the Reptile House on the morning of January 27, of the past 
year. While cleaning one of the easterly cages, Keeper John 
Toomey was bitten on the right thumb by a large and particu- 
larly savage Texas diamond-back rattlesnake. 


Our men are well versed in first-aid treatment for snake- 
bite, and Senior Keeper Snyder at once sucked the wounds. A 
ligature was immediately applied and the Society’s physician, 
Dr. Gilbert Van der Smissen, quickly arrived and injected Dr. 


48 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Calmette’s anti-venomous serum. We were fortunate soon after 
in obtaining tubes of the specific rattlesnake serum, produced 
by Dr. Vital Brazil, at the Instituto Serum-Therapico, in Sao 
Paulo, Brazil. Keeper Toomey was removed to the German Hos- 
pital, where under the skillful treatment of Doctors Semken and 
Van der Smissen he entirely recovered. He has now completely 
regained the use of his hand. A detailed account of the treat- 
ment in this case appears in the May number of the Society’s 
Bulletin. 


During the year the department suffered a number of minor 
losses from an epidemic of parasites that attacked the smaller 
snakes, causing fatal skin eruptions. Much cleansing, fumigat- 
ing and disinfecting were necessary in eliminating the pests. A 
serious loss occurred during the past December, in the death of 
one of the two large pythons that had been occupying the largest 
central cage for a period of ten years. By special request, the 
body of this fine specimen was presented to the Buffalo Society 
of Natural Sciences, for exhibition in their Museum at Lafayette 
Square, Buffalo, New York. 


The department has contributed much material during the 
year to the American Museum of Natural History. Living mate- 
rial was sent to the Museum for study and final casting for a 
Florida habitat group. All of this material came from our south- 
ern collecting trip. 


The year’s scientific and general work of the department, 
aside from the care of the collections, embraced the preparation 
of various articles in the Bulletin, lectures to school children, 
both at public schools and in the Park, and motion picture prep- 
aration and exhibition before the Children’s Auxiliary of the 
New York Zoological Society, and other occasions. Parts of the 
Society’s forthcoming book on the care of captive animals were 
brought up to date, and much work was done in tabulating and 
perfecting the system of card indexes relating to the longevity 
and disposition of specimens. 


During March, the series of panoramic backgrounds in the 
large snake cages was completed. This work was done by Mr. 
E. A. Costain, in charge of the Park nurseries. 


The most important accession was the series of reptiles col- 
lected in South Carolina. The year’s purchases included but few 
costly specimens. The more important were as follows: 48 tor- 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 89 


toises; 2 Australian monitors; 5 Turk Islands iguanas; 6 Suri- 
nam amievas; 1 small African crocodile; a series of Australian 
poisonous snakes, including 5 purple death adders; 2 brown 
snakes; 3 tiger snakes, and 7 carpet snakes; 1 South American 
bushmaster; 1 green boomslange, (South Africa); 5 brown 
boomslange; 1 Cape cobra; 29 puff adders, and 30 mole snakes. 
All the South African specimens were brought to America by 
Mr. J. Alden Loring. 


Among the more important gifts received during 1916 were 
the following: A series of the representative poisonous snakes 
of Brazil, presented by Dr. Vital Brazil, Director of the Insti- 
tuto Serum-Therapico, at Sao Paulo; a collection of timber rat- 
tlesnakes, copperhead snakes, also non-venomous snakes, pre- 
sented by A. L. Gillam and E. L. Bell; and a collection of Florida 
reptiles, presented by Messrs. Gillam and Bell. 


From Kalacoon, the Society’s Zoological Station in South 
America, in charge of Curator Beebe, the department received 
a series of turtles, lizards, snakes and amphibians. 


The following is a census of the collection of reptiles and 
amphibians compiled on December 31, 1916: 


Species Specimens 
SROLGU Pia wee eet eT ee 5 69 
(Chelona tee te 284) 158 
WACCEIiliciee ates oo eee eee 20 55 
Opliidhiayye eo Meee As 49 266 
PRT OVA See ee ge 35 234 
BS QireNly ees bee ers cre 138 782 


SUMMARY OF COLLECTIONS. 


A census of the animals in the Zoological Park, taken Janu- 
ary 1, 1917, is as follows: 


Species Specimens 
ADU carina Fea Seen ce 207 617 
IS IROSe ee ee Tone Ae 816 2,788 
Reptiles and Amphibians 98 782 


DEMONSTRATION OF AN ELEPHANT’S STRENGTH 
By standing on the lowest rail of the fence, the elephant was able to place his head 
under the top rail and bend it as shown in the picture. 


———————— 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 91 


GROUND IMPROVEMENT AND MAINTENANCE WORK OF THE 
DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY AND CONSTRUCTION. 
Hermann W. Merkel, Chief Constructor and Forester; 

Ek. H. Costain, Assistant Forester; 

Paving Wild-Fowl Pond.—The first work undertaken 
through the Ground Improvement Fund, was the completion of 
the grading and paving of the bottom of the Wild-Fowl Pond. 
After excavating over 200 cubic yards of soft black mud which 
necessitated much laborious and costly hand work, the bottom 
of this pond was bedded with 1,000 cubic yards of earth fill and 
stone, in order to provide a firm and even foundation upon which 
to lay concrete. Nearly 450 cubic yards of reinforced concrete 
were then laid upon this bed. Owing to adverse conditions en- 
countered on this work, and the failure of the City to provide 
the entire amount asked, the sum of $750 was expended from 
the Improvement and Repair Fund, making the total cost of this 
work, $3,750. Even this sum did not permit us to pave the 
entire pond, but the bottom is now cleanable. The water can 
be drained off, annually, and the bottom will be thoroughly 
scrubbed. By this means further epidemics among the wild- 
fowl] will be avoided. 


Paving Around New Hospital Building.—Around the new 
Hospital Building, there have been laid approximately, 3,000 
cubic feet of concrete in the form of pavement and retaining 
walls, and 1,644 square feet of tar-macadam. Of course, all 
paving has been laid upon a Telford foundation. This makes 
it possible to keep the surroundings of the Hospital Building 
perfectly clean and sanitary. 


In the building itself, the floors of several of the interior 
cages were re-surfaced in order to provide the proper drainage. 


Some difficulty was experienced with the steam-heating 
contractor, but after a long delay the building is now in first 
class condition. 


IMPROVEMENT AND REPAIR FUND. 
(Taken out of the fund for the purchase of animals.) 


Repairs, Walks and Roads.—As in past years, walk repair- 
ing was the largest item drawn from this fund. Over 45,000 
square feet of walks and roads were re-surfaced. The favored 


92 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


areas being a section of the Service Road, the plaza at Boston 
Road Entrance, the West Farms Block, the Pheasant Aviary 
Walk, a portion of Baird Court, and the Service Yards. - 


At the Boat House, where the approach never had been put 
in really good condition, and had become unsightly by the fact 
that the railings bordering the roadways were battered and 
broken by teams and automobiles, a long front of strong con- 
crete coping was built. It is constructed on the same lines as 
that surrounding the plot between Boston Road, 180th Street, 
and the Bronx River. It is about 300 feet long, and contains two 
pedestals upon which cast-iron lamp posts have been set. It 
gives the Boat House a finished look, and thoroughly protects 
the lawn and plantings from any further damage by vehicles. 
The expenditures for this coping and for the walk repairs 
amounted to $2,039.97. 


Tree Pruning.—Owing to the urgent demand for work in 
the pruning of dead limbs, and the cleaning and treatment of 
cavities, it was necessary to increase our small force of tree 
pruners by several additional men. Efforts in this line were 
concentrated upon certain sections of the Park, where they were 
most needed, and these sections, as for instance, Bird Valley, 
the portions adjacent to the Jungle Walk and Beaver Valley, 
were greatly improved. The cost of this to the Improvement 
and Repair Fund was $650. 


Small Mammal House Repairs.—The condition of the inte- 
rior cages on the west side of this building had become so bad 
that it was necessary to remove and rebuild the entire series, 
on improved plans. After the general requirements for these 
cages had been obtained from the Mammal Department, Mr. De 
Wellworth, in charge of the ironworkers, made detailed plans 
for this work, under the direction of Mr. Merkel. 


The new plans did away with all woodwork, substituting 
therefor floors of concrete and Tileine and roofs of glass and 
steel. All cage partitions and ends were supplied with sanitary 
bases, and were carefully waterproofed. All pockets or recesses 
in which dirt might accumulate were eliminated. The iron 
framework was simplified, and the design of the wirework so 
changed that all surfaces are accessible for cleaning and paint- 
ing. Reinforced concrete gutters were substituted for the un- 
sightly and unsanitary lead-lined iron gutters. The many de- 
mands of the great variety of animals of various sizes and habits 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 93 


and degrees of destructiveness were carefully considered, and 
met as far as possible. The tops of the cages were sloped to 
facilitate cleaning, and built of sheet iron and heavy corrugated 
glass, making the entire upper tier much lighter than before. 


Each cage was supplied with a triangular sleeping box that 
can be removed for cleaning purposes, and while these of neces- 
sity were made of wood, they were reinforced on all exposed 
edges and corners by heavy strips of sheet metal, to prevent 
their destruction by the teeth and claws of the animals. 


These rebuilt cages, fifty-eight in number, are a vast im- 
provement in appearance and comfort, as well as from a sanitary 
point of view. With proper care, they should last as long as 
the building itself. It is expected that early in 1917, work will 
be commenced on the eighteen larger cages on the east side, so 
as to finish them before the busy season commences. The cost 
of the work in the Mammal House during 1916 was $1,880.32. 


Elephant House Wire-Guards.—To prevent visitors from 
throwing food, etc., into the stalls, and also to prevent possible 
injuries to visitors by the animals, a high guard of wire netting 
was erected above the railing in front of the stalls of the rhin- 
oceros and the African elephants. The cost of the work was 
$100. 


West Roof, Reptile House-—The western section of the 
roof of the Reptile House developed leaks and became somewhat 
dangerous on account of dry rot in the wooden rafters. This 
was due in part to faulty construction, and in part to the ex- 
cessive amount of moisture from the evaporation of the water 
in the Conservatory and the Alligator Pool. The very large 
metal skylight, and the decayed rafters, roofing, and interior 
sheathing were removed and rebuilt in a better manner, and the 
slate laid upon a foundation of heavy bituminous paper. Snow 
guards were also installed in order to prevent the breaking of 
the glass of the Conservatory by the avalanches of heavy snow 
and ice, which have sometimes occurred after extra heavy snow- 
falls in previous winters. 


Concrete Piers and Floor for Large Shelter Pavilion—The 
large Shelter Pavilion near the Wolf and Fox Dens had been 
thrown out of line by the forces of the elements, and owing 
to the decay of the post bases and heavy floor sills had become 
dangerous. To make the foundation floor of this building more 


94 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


permanent in character, all of the outer bearing sills were re- 
moved, and solid concrete foundations were substituted. The 
piers were raised above the floor level to prevent the further 
decay of the posts that support the roof. In the fall, when the 
building was free from visitors, all of the flooring, floor beams 
and heavy interior sills were removed, and the soda fountain and 
other equipment located in the south end of the building were 
taken down and stored. Under this end of the building, the 
earth and rock were excavated to allow for a basement for gas, 
water and sewer pipes. During the winter the foundation was 
filled in with ashes to support the new concrete floor. Early in 
the spring the new floor will be laid, and it is expected to have 
this building ready for occupancy early in the summer. The 
cost of this improvement during 1916 was $568.44, and it is ex- 
pected that the remaining balance will be sufficient to finish the 
work. 


Concrete Benches.—During the cold months at the begin- 
ning of 1916, thirty-four concrete benches were made. Nearly 
all of these were used on the new Boat House platform. As 
many of the older series of iron and wood benches have been 
broken up, and as many more are rapidly becoming useless, it will 
be necessary to make about fifty concrete benches every year 
in order to supply sufficient seating capacity. 


East Side Improvements.—On account of the changes in 
the state of labor market, the arrangement made with the N. Y. 
Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor did not 
work out as well as was expected. Instead of obtaining from 
them the usual number of unemployed men that have come to 
us during the previous year, the men sent to us chiefly were 
convalescents, and unable to do the hard, laborious work neces- 
sary in the making of permanent improvements. These men 
were employed in the nursery, in lawn-mowing, raking, cutting 
brush, and in general cleaning. In thus distributing this labor, 
we were enabled to maintain the portion of the Park east of the 
Boston Road in a more perfect state than ever before. 


Guard Wires.—As in former years, the many miles of wire 
guards and railings required a large amount of repair and re- 
placement work; and this was paid for out of the Improvement 
and Repair Fund. 


Musk-Ox Fences.—The condition of the fences at the Musk- 
Ox Corrals, and the increasing strength and destructiveness of 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 95 


the musk-ox bulls made it necessary to rebuild three of the parti- 
tions and a portion of the front. These fences were made in 
accordance with our heavy partition fence design, with three- 
inch tee posts and three-inch heavy horizontal tee bars, sur- 
mounted by the ordinary wire fence. A heavy concrete retain- 
ing wall and coping was built along the westerly side of these 
corrals, and new gates of extra strong construction were 
furnished. 


Pipe Line to the Boat House.—A new three-inch lead water- 
main was installed at the Boat House, to take the place of the 
iron main that was very much corroded and liable to fail at 
any time. This necessitated extensive excavation work across 
the Boston Road pavement, the sidewalk, and the main Park 
walk west of the Boat House. 


New Garage.—In order to provide a long-needed storage 
place for automobiles, a very simple garage was built in the 
second portion of the Service Yard, just north of the Workshop 
building. Unfortunately, the funds that were available did not 
permit the erection of a building sufficiently large to take care 
of future developments in the Park’s motor service. The build- 
ing that was erected has proven to be a great relief from very 
bad conditions. The garage is 21’ 4” x 58’ in size, of brick and 
concrete construction, and conforms with the rigid demands of 
the Fire and Building Departments. 


Storage Shed.—Utterly insufficient storage facilities com- 
pelled the erection of a brick storage shed 26’ 6” x 75’ 7%” 
in size, north of and parallel with the Workshop building. In 
construction this is similar to the Garage that adjoins that build- 
ing on the east. Only the concrete foundations were put up 
before the ending of the year, but with fairly good weather the 
building should be completed by April 1, 1917. Through this 
effort, dry storage for lumber, steel, iron, cement, plaster, paints 
and oils will be provided. 


MAINTENANCE WORK. 


The usual work in the general maintenance of buildings 
and other Park installations, and in the care of lawns, gardens, 
trees and shrubs, walks and roads, was carried on as usual 
throughout the year; at times taxing the resources of this De- 


IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND 


d off. 


ine 


n mud was left after the water was dra 


A sea of thi 


IMPROVING WILD-FOWL POND 


e were dug outand e 


arted away. The bottom was then paved, 


1 mud and refus 


iquic 


Thel 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Sif 


partment to its utmost, as for instance during the heavy snow- 
falls that occurred last winter. 


Of special importance may be mentioned the connecting of 
our two largest water-mains with the high pressure main on 
Southern Boulevard. This was demanded by a change made by 
the Water Department, which at once produced extremely low 
pressure in the large main from which we were taking the water. 
For some time this not only caused an actual water famine 
throughout the Park, but compelled us to close some of the com- 
fort stations. 


Another important task performed by our plumbing force 
was the replacement of all of the water pipes in the Primate 
House. 


The most important tasks of the iron workers were, the 
replacement of the netting of the Lion House cages, repairs to 
the outside Primate House cages, to the Buffalo, Asiatic Deer, 
Elk, and Hangul Deer fences, and a great deal of work around 
the Small Deer and Antelope House yards. 


A hot-water supply system was installed at the Service 
Building. 


Owing to the breakdown of the old boiler at the Small Mam- 
mal House, a new boiler of the improved type produced in recent 
years was set up and connected with the system. This work 
was carried on day and night until completed. 


A number of ozonators were placed in various animal build- 
ings with excellent results. 


Extensive carpenter work was done at the Boat House dock 
in setting forms for concrete, rebuilding the flight of steps from 
the Boat House to the landing, and the setting of concrete 
benches. 


At the Nursery, plant benches were installed in the old 
greenhouse, nearly doubling our capacity for raising bedding 
plants. 


During the year, the policing of the Park was unusually effi- 
cient. With the help of a force of detectives and extra men fur- 
nished by Captain Ivers of the 68th Precinct, the Park has been 
kept in a very orderly and clean condition. The summons system 


98 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


and a Special Court day for violations of park ordinances, has 
worked out exceedingly well. The number of arrests and con- 
victions by our own force of special officers was about one hun- 
dred twenty-five. 


Among the items of work that must be done in the near 
future, one of the most important is the overhauling of the Lion 
House comfort station. The fixtures here are in a deplorable 
condition, and should be replaced with improved and more sani- 
tary ones. A great number of complaints have been received 
about this station. The railing between the Boston Road and 
the Buffalo Range must be replaced with a new one of much 
stronger design. New planting is necessary at the rear of the 
Service Yard, where the new Storage Shed and Garage now 
stand, as well as between the Hospital and the Elephant House 
Walk. The planting in the Italian Garden and portions of the 
Concourse should be very thoroughly overhauled. 


The storage house for bay trees and similar plants must 
be enlarged by at least fifty per cent., as these plants have suf- 
fered from overcrowding during the last few years. 


DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION. 
H. R. Mitchell, Chief Clerk and Manager of Privileges; Wm. Mitchell, Cashier. 


Since the opening of the Zoological Park to the public in 
1899, there never has been a period in its history of such con- 
stant and extreme advance of prices of practically all food and 
other supplies required in the maintenance of the Park, equal 
to that of 1916. If we add to this situation the fact that the 
appropriation for the year was reduced by about $3,000 from 
the allowance for 1915, any one can readily appreciate the diffi- 
culty of getting through the year without a deficit. 


The Curator of Birds, Mr. Beebe, was detailed in research 
work at the Zoological Society’s Tropical Research Station for 
the year, and Mr. Merkel, our Chief Constructor, was tempo- 
rarily put on part time work for the last half of the year, which 
effected a considerable saving in the salary account. 


Our appropriation from the City, fortunately, was given 
to us again in a lump sum, which enabled us to utilize any sav- 
ing that we were able to make in the salary account, for the 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 99 


purchase of supplies. Without this provision, a deficit could not 
have been avoided. 


Audit of Accounts.——The usual audit of accounts was ex- 
tended to include the petty cash accounts of the Director and 
the Secretary. 


Arrangements were made by which the auditors carried on 
their work at convenient periods throughout the year, both in 
the privilege account and the Society’s funds, permitting the 
completion of the audit very promptly after the first of the 
year. The Audit Company’s certificate appears elsewhere in the 
ANNUAL REPORT, in connection with the Treasurer’s statements. 
New accounts were created during the year for the Gallery of 
Oil Paintings, Publication fund and Heads and Horns building 
fund. 


For convenience in bookkeeping, authorization was granted 
for the carrying of a number of funds in one column in the cash 
book, under the heading, Special Funds, and a number of trust 
funds in a column headed, Special Trust Funds. 


The changes made on the first of January, 1916, in the 
methods of approval and payment of bills have proved very 
satisfactory. 


Privileges.—We are sorry to have to report a rather unsat- 
isfactory year in privileges in point of profits. While the result 
was due to some extent to general business conditions prevailing 
throughout the year, it was largely due to reduced attendance in 
the best months of the season from the following causes: Unfav- 
orable weather in May and June, infantile paralysis in July and 
August, and trolley strikes in August and September. From 
July 1, to the end of the season, the attendance of children was 
almost entirely cut off because of the paralysis epidemic. 


There was a total net decrease in Privilege Department re- 
ceipts for the year of 41% per cent. as compared with a decreased 
attendance of 7% per cent., showing that the gross receipts did 
not suffer from adverse conditions as greatly as the attendance. 


Although the greatest possible economy was practiced in 
fixed charges and operating costs, it was impossible to overcome 
the conditions referred to above. 


Net profits in all privilege accounts increased 5 per cent. 


IEEE LA) A RTE Oe gE | CO 


dITS HONNVT HSNOH Lvogd 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 101 


over 1915 in the face of a 4% per cent. decrease in gross re- 
ceipts, denoting rigid economy in operation, as further evidenced 
in a decrease of 12 per cent. in Salaries account in 1916, follow- 
ing a reduction of 11 per cent. in the same account in the pre- 
vious year. 


Rocking Stone Restauwrant.—The falling off in gross receipts 
was not out of proportion to the reduction in attendance for the 
year. The exact figures were 5 per cent. for the receipts, and 
714 per cent. for the attendance. But for the unusually high 
prices of supplies, a more satisfactory showing would have been 
made. As it was, all that we were able to do was to make a 
slight gain, and maintain the standard of service. 


Boating.—Late in the year 1915, the work of tearing away 
the old wooden dock at the Boat House was commenced, and the 
site filled in with stone from a near-by apartment house excava- 
tion, delivered and dumped without cost to us. It was our plan 
to have the wall forming the face of the dock built before winter 
so that the concrete surface and finish could be put on after the 
frost had disappeared in the spring, and before the boating sea- 
son opened. 


This could not be done, however, as the contractor who was 
to build the wall failed to carry out his contract at the time the 
work should have been done, and high water followed, prevent- 
ing the completion of the work before winter. No further prog- 
ress could be made until spring, and then high water again de- 
layed the work until it seriously interfered with the boating 
season, and reduced considerably the early receipts. Fortunate- 
ly, the boating season was fully thirty days later than usual, 
which helped the situation to some extent. For several weeks 
boating operations were carried on as efficiently as they could 
be by utilizing one end of the dock that had been completed. 
The work of concreting the entire surface of the dock was fin- 
ished in June. 


The wisdom of this improvement, as well as the reduction 
in boating rates from 35 and 50 cents to 25 and 35 cents per hour, 
respectively, was immediately demonstrated by an increase in 
the business. The four months, July to October inclusive, cover- 
ing the period in which full use could be made of the new dock, 
showed the following increases in gross boating receipts over 
the same months in 1915: July, 37 per cent.; August, 134 per 
cent.; September, 131 per cent., and October, 110 per cent. 


102 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


The completed dock is a most substantial and satisfactory 
improvement; of the kind that all permanent improvements 
should be. The slip or inlet provided for the launches is a great 
success, adding a large amount of dock room for the handling 
of row boats, which was very badly needed. 


The further improvements required at the dock in the near 
future are, the replacing of the old, narrow plank extension on 
the north end with concrete, and the erection of a suitable can- 
opy or awning, for shade, over the central portion of the dock. 


Boat House Restaurant.—While the gross receipts for the 
year at the Boat House Restaurant increased somewhat over 
last year, it was impossible to make an improved showing in 
the net results. All restaurant supplies advanced materially 
during the year. Although our prices for food are very much 
below those charged elsewhere for a similar class of service, it 
seemed best to maintain our prices unchanged throughout the 
year. If prices for supplies continue to advance, changes will 
have to be made. in the menu. 


Soda Water.—This branch of the privileges was more seri- 
ously affected than any other by the unfavorable conditions that 
prevailed throughout the entire season, particularly through the 
absence of visitors in the months of July and August. The 
gross receipts showed a reduction for the season of 16% per 
cent. While the unsatisfactory showing in this division can be, 
in a great measure, accounted for by the conditions referred to 
previously, it is also a fact, that many improvements have been 
made in soda fountain equipment during the last five years. 
Nevertheless, it is true that all of our fountains now are nearly 
ten years old and they have become almost obsolete because of 
the recent improvements that have been made by manufacturers 
in construction and in designs. To-day our equipment is not 
up to the standard that will be found in the ordinary confec- 
tionery store. It gradually must be replaced and brought up toa 
standard equal to the best to be found elsewhere. 


Refreshment service in public parks, to be successful, must 
now conform in all respects to the best standards. With this 
fact in mind, we have been making an unsuccessful effort for 
several years to secure an appropriation for the construction of 
anew concrete building for refreshment purposes to replace the 
present rapidly decaying wooden shelter near the Reptile House. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 103 


This improvement is a necessity that must be provided in the 
very near future. No one can give the service that should be 
given at this location without new equipment. 


Guide Book.—Although the attendance for the year 1916 
fell considerably behind that of 1915, it was rather surprising 
to find that there was a slight gain in guide book sales. The 
“Gorilla Edition,” of 20,000 copies, printed in September, 1915, 
was so far reduced that the stock cannot run through 1917, and 
arrangements have been made for a new edition, to be ready 
about the first of next June. There will be a material advance 
in the cost, and a consequent reduction in profits on the new 
issue, because of the very great advance in the price of paper. 
To protect ourselves against further advances before going to 
press, the paper stock already has been purchased. 


Souvenir Books, Postal Cards, and Miscellaneous Publica- 
tions.—The most successful article in this group of privileges 
is the series of “Animals in Art Stamps,” which were first pub- 
lished in 1915. Before the end of the year, it was found that 
the original edition was getting low. A demand for these stamps 
and the albums had developed outside the Park, and arrange- 
ments were made for a new printing from the same plates. De- 
livery was made late in the year, and they are now being folded 
and put into envelopes. 


The stock of souvenir postal cards was almost exhausted by 
the end of the summer season, and plans have been made for a 
new issue, to be ready in the spring. It is proposed to add a 
number of new subjects and discard an equal number of the least 
attractive of the old plates. On account of the paper market, an 
order for the stock was placed as soon as the new issue was 
decided upon. 


The only new feature attempted during the year in the na- 
ture of a publication to be sold in the Park, was the “Wild Ani- 
mal Stamp Primer,” a 96-page, cloth-bound book of animal stor- 
ies for children, illustrated by 50 colored stamp pictures of ani- 
mals made from photographs taken in the park. The illustra- 
tions are in the form of stamps which the child is required to 
paste in the spaces provided in connection with the stories. On 
account of an unavoidable delay, the book was delivered rather 
late in the season, otherwise the entire edition would have been 
sold, as it proved to be very popular with children. 


DEST TE OLE THe 
hee we VA et EIT; ONILSV 14 

) (fe 
\ i a : 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 105 


Gate Reccipts.—All the receipts at the entrances on pay 
days were again used in meeting the cost of improvement and 
repair work that could not be financed from the funds provided 
for maintenance. As the collections were somewhat less than 
our estimate for the year, a part of the work that was planned 
had to be deferred. 


Riding Animals.—As this division of the privilege depends 
entirely on the attendance of children, it was, of course, greatly 
affected by the new conditions, and the gross receipts fell below 
the normal of other years. We continued the use of the riding 
elephant, Alice, with very satisfactory results. More than 5,000 
persons were given rides, without the slightest accident of any 
kind. 


DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING. 
George M. Beerbower, Civil Engineer. 


The most important piece of work accomplished in this de- 
partment during the year 1916 was the construction of the new 
wharf at the Boat House. 


The original wharf, of wood supported on piles, was built 
ten years ago. Being immediately over the water, it decayed 
very rapidly. It had been patched with boards and sheets of 
iron until it was most dangerous and unsightly, and finally the 
beams decayed to such an extent that it had gone down in places, 
and could not be used. 


The first part of the work to be done was the removal of 
this old decayed wharf, consisting of 72,000 square feet of lum- 
ber. This was torn up and floated down the river to a conven- 
ient landing place, piled, dried and burned. 


The next operation was that of filling the site, for which 
2,000 cubic yards of earth were required, as well as 150 cubic 
yards of stone for the sea-wall. All of these materials were 
obtained and delivered on the site without cost. 


It was necessary to lower the water in the river, and as 
the sluice-way in the dam was not large enough to carry off 
the spring flow of water, it became necessary to blast away a 
portion of the dam. A photograph of this blast is reproduced 


THE BOAT HOUSE LANDING 
The upper picture shows the condition of the platform as it existed; 
the lower picture, the completed work. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 107 


herewith. Even though the blast was covered by large logs 
chained together, and these in turn covered with a mat made of 
large ropes, water and stones were thrown to a height far above 
the elevated railroad structure. 


The soft mud was then removed, in some places, to a depth 
of six feet, to the clay bottom, to provide suitable foundations 
for the sea-wall. The sea-wall was built of large stones without 
mortar to within one foot of the water-level, and the remainder 
was built of rubble masonry. The wall, in plan, is a compound 
reversed curve, to conform to the old water line at the edge of 
the dock. : 


A slip was built within the wharf area to admit the launches, 
whereby they may discharge passengers on one side and receive 
them on the other, and thus greatly expedite the handling of 
the launch traffic. 


Drains from the Boat House were laid, the fill leveled off, 
and a floor of six inches of concrete was laid over the entire 
wharf area. A platform was constructed two steps above this 
level along the rear edge, and concrete benches placed there for 
the accommodation of the public. 


A row of electric-light posts was erected, each post having 
a cross arm carrying a large light at each end, and a socket in 
the center for a flagstaff. 


An enclosure was made at one side of the launch slip and 
provided with a canopy and concrete benches for the reception 
of a sufficient number of persons to load a launch. This serves 
to prevent confusion, and the struggling of crowds to get on 
the launches during rush hours. 


Formerly the water had been too deep in some places along 
the wharf, and in other places the river bottom was composed 
of sticky mud. These constituted most dangerous conditions for 
persons entering and leaving the rowboats. Accordingly, the 
mud was removed and fill put in, making shallow water and a 
solid bottom for a distance of forty feet from the wharf. 


We now have a most attractive and satisfactory boating 
pavilion which will be good for all time, and require few repairs. 


Numerous surveys were made and maps drawn with refer- 


108 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


ence to the exchange with the Public Service Commission of 
small parcels of land on the easterly boundary line. Also maps 
and plans were prepared, showing proposed added areas to the 
Zoological Park on the easterly side. 


Maps and plans were prepared to be used in the hearings 
on the City zoning plans. 


Lines and grades were staked out for the paving of the 
Wild Fowl! Pond, and 


Plans were prepared and filed for a Garage and a Material 
Storage House, and 


The Garage was built, and the foundations were completed 
for the Storehouse, under the direction of Mr. Beerbower. 


Numerous surveys were made and plotted for the proposed 
Heads and Horns Museum. 


The various record maps of the Park have been brought 
up to date, embodying all the work done during the past year. 


DEPARTMENT OF PHOTOGRAPHY AND PUBLICATION. 


Elwin R. Sanborn, Editor and Photographer; Anna Newman, Assistant. 


Photography.—The most important subjects photographed 
during 1916 were the following: siamang, Celtic horse, Scandi- 
navian horse, Pekin sika deer, axis deer, Nubian giraffe, wombat 
and young, wallaroo, Parry kangaroo, brush-tailed wallaby, is- 
land kangaroo, agile wallaby, cock-of-the-rock, white-necked 
crane, hooded vulture, northern tiger bittern, mussurana, jara- 
raca, lancehead viper, carpet python, regal python, South Amer- 
ican rattlesnake. And the progress of Construction work at the 
Wild Fowl! Pond. 


A series of views were made of the Animal Hospital, exte- 
rior and interior, details of cage work, operating room and opera- 
tions. A series of pictures was made to show serums for snake 
bite, fangs and crystalized venom and the process of treating 
a snake-bitten patient. 


Photographs were made of the new concrete pier at the Boat 
House, a cat trap, a sparrow trap, panels of bird plumage, Heads 
and Horns tablet, arrival of a giraffe; and various negatives 


EOE 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 109 


of buildings along the Southern Boulevard were made for the 
Park engineer, Mr. Beerbower. 


The complete elimination of certain coal-tar derivatives 
brought from Germany has caused a great advance in the prices 
of the essential photographic chemicals. Figures compiled by 
the Motion Picture World, the organ of the motion picture pro- 
ducers, are almost beyond belief. Metol, one of the most neces- 
sary chemicals used in developers for the production of nega- 
tives leaped from $4.50 per pound to $75.00 and $100.00; hydro- 
quinone from 90 cents to $9.00 per pound; oxalic acid from 10 
cents to $5.00. Some of the potashes have advanced 300 per 
cent., and aniline dyes 500 per cent. 


Printing papers have increased from 15 to 20 per cent.; 
and dry plates, because of the scarcity of Belgian glass, which 
is used almost exclusively, have advanced 25 per cent. 


American manufacturers are now producing, in limited 
quantities, substitutes for many of the German products. The 
radical changes that have become necessary in the manufac- 
ture of photographic products have produced correspondingly 
bad effects, and salesmen of one of the large manufactures stated 
that in all the years of their business career there were never 
so many difficulties with plates and paper as have been apparent 
in the last two years. It is to be expected, however, that within 
a few months all these difficulties will be smoothed away, and 
the production of photographic supplies will firmly settle down 
upon an all-American basis. 


Bulletin.—Six numbers of the Zoological Society Bulletin 
were issued in 1916. Several numbers contained very valuable 
and interesting material, furnished by Mr. Beebe from the Trop- 
ical Research Station, and Mr. Ditmars from his expedition to 
the low-lands of the Savannah River. Continued progress in 
the development of photography of the exhibition tanks at the 
Aquarium have furnished the Director with interesting numbers 
for that department of the Society’s work. The rapid increase 
in the prices of printing papers forced the Society to secure a 
stock of paper for the Bulletin sufficient to last until 1918. 


Annual Report.—The ANNUAL REPORT for 1915 was issued 
in its regular form, and at the usual time. 


Zoologica.—Numbers 3 and 4 of Volume II. were devoted 


kTWATAYIDAN AS MDOATTT 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT tata 


to scientific research at the Tropical Station in British Guiana 
by Mr. Beebe, and were illustrated by Mr. Paul G. Howes. Num- 
ber 5, contributed by Prof. E. W. Gudger, was an interesting 
paper on the Gaff-Topsail Catfish. 


Zoopathologica.—Because of the wealth of material in the 
Society’s possession on the diseases of animals, a new publication 
was created to better place this matter at the disposal of scien- 
tific men interested in this branch of our work. Dr. George A. 
MacCallum contributed the first paper, “Parasitic Trematodes 
of Marine Fishes.”’ Other papers are in course of preparation. 


Annual Meeting.—A series of motion pictures, showing the 
development of antlers of the Wapiti, the work of the beaver, the 
life of a gray squirrel, the temperament of a savage zebra, and 
pictures of emeu, Alaskan bears, sea-lions, gorilla, and various 
other mammals taken in the Park by the Department, were ex- 
hibited at the Annual Meeting of the Society. 


Appended is a statement of the photographic work in 1916: 


iganterne SliGe@S SOlGs 2. then ee oe 69 
onilame emmemis iSO Gun ee At Seka ok el 8 
Brinson Albums CAquarium): 222.22....i22 43 
Rrinticetorealpumss CPark): 2.220 c.c0 2. eee 210 
PapinicsehOr SeONCAGION )2- = tare olet tl cane 502 
Prints sold and used for miscellaneous purposes 642 
TEXTE TRESS SEO B11 CEI So eet oe en a eee 600 

ARIS) ba en eae eit 2 ee ec ev eee 2,074 


FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. 


The most important need of the future is an increase by the 
Board of Estimate and Apportionment of 10 per cent. to the 
salaries of all the employees of the Zoological Park who receive 
less than $1,300 per year. It is hoped that this end can be ac- 
complished in the making up of the financial budget of expendi- 
tures for 1918, and every effort will be made to bring about that 
result. An additional appropriation of $11,480 will be required 
for this purpose. We also must have a fund for necessary re- 
pairs to buildings, at least $10,000 a year, such as is provided for 
the American Museum of Natural History. 


112 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


The Park is very greatly in need of a new entrance at the 
Pelham Avenue-Southern Boulevard corner, known as the Ford- 
ham entrance. The present old and cheap pavilion is most un- 
representative of the Park, the City and the Society. As an 
irreducible minimum the sum required is $25,000. 


The area between the Boston Road and the Bronx Lake is 
in a terrible condition. The feet of the multitude are wearing 
the banks away to an extent that is most serious, and something 
must be done about it, forthwith. It is our intention to rob 
other funds ( if it be possible) in order to make a beginning this 
year, between the Boat House and the Buffalo Entrance. A 
stone wall is needed all along the eastern side of the Boston 
Road to stop the destruction of the bank above. 


The southern end of the area east of the Bronx River needs 
about $3,000 worth of development work, for the general good; 
but the money is not in sight. 


The enormous cost of food for animals is causing us great 
anxiety. Although studies and efforts in all directions are being 
made to economize in food quantities and kinds, even the best 
economy will not reduce potatoes from $12.00 per barrel to $6.00. 
We are reducing the quantity of our animal rations, and experi- 
menting to find the cheapest food that will be acceptible. We 
also intend to plant every acre of our land available for cultiva- 
tion with potatoes, corn and other vegetables that will produce 
the most on the smallest space. 


Just how we are going to feed our carnivorous animals with- 
out enormously increased expenditures, going far beyond our 
available funds, we can not imagine. 


Respectfully submitted, 


WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, 
Director. 


THE TROPICAL RESEARCH STATION 


Bartica District, British Guiana. 


William Beebe, Directing Curator; G. Innes Hartley, Research Associate; 
Paul G. Howes, Research Assistant; Donald Carter, Collector; 
Anna Taylor and Rachel Hartley, Artists. 


This undertaking is a direct outcome of the dynamic inter- 
est in scientific research in the Department of Birds. Inaugu- 
rated as a suggestion of the Curator, the idea was favorably 
received by the Executive Committee and Director Hornaday, 
and the plan has now crystalized into achievement. Even the 
first year’s work may be regarded as thoroughly successful. Mr. 
Beebe, with a party of five assistants, left New York on the 
Mayaro on January 24, 1916, and returned on the Guiana on 
August 28, 1916. 


After a short stay at Georgetown,* the Society accepted 
the offer of a house near Bartica, forty miles up the Essequibo 
River, at the very edge of the jungle. This was on the Hills 
Rubber Estate, and the manager, Mr. G. B. Withers, kindly al- 
lowed the use of “Kalacoon” for a period of six months. This 
house proved to be satisfactory in all respects, and within a 
week after acceptance we furnished it from the Georgetown 
stores in time to receive our first visitors, Colonel and Mrs. 
Theodore Roosevelt. Colonel Roosevelt had been interested in 
this idea from its inception, and the extension of his trip to 
British Guiana was with the idea of seeing the work started. 
His experiences at the Station and his opinions of the under- 
taking have been incorporated in an article in the January, 
(1917), issue of Scribner’s Magazine, entitled “A Naturalist’s 
Tropical Laboratory.” 


During the course of the next few months, we entertained 
a number of visitors from New York, and also many of the offi- 
cials of the British Guiana Government, including the Governor, 
Sir Walter, and Lady Egerton, the Hon. Cecil and Mrs. Clementi, 
and the Hon. J. J. Nunan. It is impossible even to mention all 
those who placed us under obligation, and whose hospitality and 


* Many of the less important details of the establishment of the Research 
Station may be found in an article in the Zoological Society Bulletin for July, 
1916. 


ee ches Godt teed +S SOAMVETL AW vee t3PL CUFT 49 AGIF40F “WY 4#eeted ou, “i St P4PPa AW 
AUOLVUOAVT NOOOWIVH ‘NOILVLS HOUVASHY AO FAVS 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 115 


whole-souled friendship encouraged us in our new work in a 
foreign country. In addition to the above we cannot omit the 
names of Mr. Frére and Mr. Beckett, Mr. and Mrs. Hayes, Mr. 
and Mrs. Enis, Prof. Harrison and Mr. Rodway, Mr. Goring and 
Mr. Cunningham. The Trinidad Steamship Company left noth- 
ing undone to facilitate our work and make comfortable our 
transportation and that of our specimens. 


With Indian assistants, we mapped out a zone of jungle equal 
to that of Central Park, and confined almost all our efforts to 
this area. We found it an ideal place for our work. Mosquitoes 
were absent, as were all noxious insects except béte rouge. The 
heat of the day was not oppressive, especially in the jungle, and 
the nights were always cool. Poisonous serpents were very rare, 
and none of the wild animals, even the jaguars, ever gave uS a 
moment’s thought of danger. Vampire bats were abundant, but 
never molested us. Bathing in the river was perfectly safe, 
although perai were everywhere. On the whole, out-door work 
was as safe and comfortable as corresponding research in the 
vicinity of New York City in summer. 


Seven years ago, the writer published a volume on the natu- 
ral history of British Guiana. “Our Search for a Wilderness,” 
which may be considered as adumbrating the present under- 
taking. A few months ago Mr. Charles Chubb published in Lon- 
don a work on “The Birds of British Guiana,’ which, by the 
paucity of notes on the life histories of birds, emphasizes the un- 
touched character of this field of scientific work. 


Up to January, 1917, the following articles had appeared in 
connection with the Research Station: 


The Establishment of the Tropical Research Station, William Beebe. Zoological 
Society Bulletin, July, 1916. 


Noosing a Bushmaster. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, July, 1916. 
The Cock-of-the-Rock. L. S. Crandall. Zoological Society Bulletin, July, 1916. 


Nestling Hoatzins at Home. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, Sep- 
tember, 1916. 


Folio of Photographs from the Research Station. P. G. Howes. Zoological So- 
ciety Bulletin, September, 1916. 


Tropical Specimens. R. L. Ditmars. Zoological Society Bulletin, September, 
1916. 


Wasps at the Tropical Research Station. P. G. Howes, Zoological Society Bul- 
letin, September, 1916. 


Notes on the Perai. G. I. Hartley. Zoological Society Bulletin, November, 1916. 


The New Jungle-bound Research Station. Howes and Beebe. New York Trib- 
une, December, 1916. 


116 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


The Alligators of Guiana. William Beebe. Zoological Society Bulletin, January, 
1916. 

A Naturalist’s Tropical Laboratory. Theodore Roosevelt. Secribner’s Magazine. 

The Pomeroon Trail. William Beebe. Atlantic Monthly, January. 


The latter essay is the first of a series of six relating to 
general aspects of life in British Guiana. Perhaps three-quar- 
ters of the scientific notes and an equal amount of the field work 
and laboratory investigation are too unconnected and incomplete 
for publication at the present time. But a number of subjects 
were finished and these have been combined in a volume which 
il] appear before March 1. At the suggestion of Prof. Osborn 
this has been called ‘‘Tropical Wild Life in British Guiana,” and 
is considered as the joint production of Beebe, Hartley and 
Howes, with an introduction by Colonel Roosevelt. My own 
share in it has been of the nature of general ecological studies 
and of young birds. Mr. Hartley worked more particularly on 
the development of embryos, and Mr. Howes confined his atten- 
tion to the life histories of social wasps and bees. 


As a resumé of the work of the year, I offer the table of 
contents of this volume: 


PART I, BY WILLIAM BEEBE. 


I—KEstablishment of the Station. 
IJ]—Historical Bartica. 
I]I]—Early Naturalists at Bartica. 
IV—The Geneal Field of Work. 
V—tThe Open Clearing. 
VI—tThe Jungle. 
VII—The Bird Life of Bartica District. 
VIII—List of the Birds of Bartica District. 
IX—Akawai Indian and Colonial Names of Birds and 
Mammals. 
X—Methods of Research. 
XI—Ornithological Discoveries. 
XII—Notes on Hoatzin Nestlings. 
XIII—The Homes of Toucans. 
XIV—Notes on the Grey-backed Trumpeter. 
XV—The Tinamou of Bartica District. 
XVI—A Day in Kalacoon Compound. 
X VII—Nesting Seasons and Broods of Tropical Birds. 
XVIII—The Alligators of Guiana. 


~] 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 11 
PART II, BY G. INNESS HARTLEY. 


XI X—Notes on the Development of the Jacana. 

X X—Notes on the Development of the Ani. 

X XI—Notes on a Few Embryos. 
XXII—Nesting Habits of the Grey-breasted Martin. 
X XIII—Development of the Wing in Birds. 
XXIV—Notes on the Perai. 


PART III, BY PAUL G. HOWES. 


XX V—The Bees and Wasps of Bartica. 
XXVI—Two Potter Wasps. 
XX VII—Larval Sacrifice. 
XX VIII—The Black Reed Wasp. 
XXIX—The White-footed Wasp. 
XX X—The Forest Shell Wasp. 
XX XI—The One-banded Dauber. 
XXXJI—The Blue Huntress. 
XX XJJJ—Paralyzed Provender. 
XX XI V—Controlled Pupation. 


The richness of the small area of jungle in which we worked 
in the vicinity of Bartica is attested by the fact that there occur 
within its limits at least three hundred and fifty-one species of 
birds; quite 45 per cent. of the whole number recorded from the 
entire Colony. We made notes on more than fifty species of 
mammals, including all the more representative groups of South 
America. These will be elaborated, added to and published at 
the end of the ensuing year. A single Akawai Indian hunter 
kept us supplied with excellent meat for many months from the 
jungle immediately about the Station. Yet, at the end of our 
stay, there seemed no diminution in the number of game birds 
and animals, even a short distance away. 


Attention is particularly called to the many discoveries, 
such as the eggs and young of toucans, the nestlings of various 
birds such as the trumpeters, the photographing for the first 
time of the quadrumanal habits of the hoatzin, and the no in- 
considerable number of nests and eggs new to science. This 
was all incidental, as the collecting of specimens is in no way a 
primary object of the Station’s work. Subjects of special study 
were the tropical seasons and their effects on the broods of birds; 


118 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


the study of certain problems by the potash method of rendering 
cartilage visible in the complete embryo; and the photographing 
of new or undescribed life stages in mammals and birds, and of 
pupae and nests of social wasps. 


Over four hundred negatives of various scientific subjects 
were made, mostly the work of Paul Howes. Many will be used 
as illustrations in the volume of researches. A number of an- 
thropological photographs were made of the various tribes of 
Indians and as complete as possible a list of Akawai names for 
mammals and birds. Miss Taylor made many careful water- 
color studies of tropical flowering plants, a wholly new field of 
botanical endeavor in this part of the world, which will be car- 
ried much farther next year. 


The only co-operative work for which time could be found, 
was undertaken for the American Museum of Natural History. 
A collection of several hundred preserved amphibians and rep- 
tiles was made, in addition to which it was arranged that all 
specimens which died at the Zoological Park should be added to 
the Museum’s collection. Besides this, specimens, materials, 
photographs, and paintings were assembled and brought north 
for two large groups, one of red howler monkeys and one of 
hoatzins. 


The most searching and the fairest test of the success of 
any live animal collecting is the record of the creatures which 
arrive safely and become adapted to life in their new surround- 
ings. So, I present the lists, only of those that reached New 
York and the Zoological Park in health. 


Although this phase of the work was wholly subordinate 
to the scientific investigation which was the main object of the 
Station, we were able to add over three hundred mammals, birds 
and reptiles to the collections of the Zoological Park. These 
represent a total value of well over one thousand dollars. They 
are as follows: , 


31 Mammals. 16 Snakes. 

154 Birds. 8 Tortoises and Turtles. 
3 Alligators. 80 Frogs and Toads. 

10 Lizards. op Lushe 


Without going into too great detail, a few of the more inter- 
esting specimens may be continued. Three species of opossums 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 119 


were obtained, several pacas, a yaguarundi cub, agoutis, ocelot, 
a very interesting wild dog, and some jungle rats which have 
not yet been identified. Among the birds were dusky parrots, 
white-necked rails, yellow-headed vultures, anis, moriche orioles, 
curassows, motmots, jays, cotingas and toucans. The two most 
unusual birds were cock-of-the-rock and an imThurn’s blackbird. 


Many unusual frogs and toads were secured, one of which 
was a huge specimen of the marine toad. The grotesque sharp- 
nosed toad is as brightly colored as it is rare. The coppery-red 
five-fingered frog resembles our bullfrog, but the nursing frogs 
which carry their tadpoles on their back are quite unlike any 
of our northern forms. Others, of whose habits we know noth- 
ing, are the moustached, the long-snouted and the white-headed 
frogs. A five-foot electric eel was caught in the Mazaruni, al- 
most in front of Kalacoon, and successfully shipped north in a 
metal lined case. When received full force, the shock from its 
batteries was almost sufficient to knock a man off his feet. 


For the coming year, anticipating that it will be possible 
to continue the work of the Station, an option at an exceedingly 
reasonable price has been obtained for the season’s use of an 
old river steamer, out of commission. This is one hundred feet 
long, has three decks and is admirably adapted for use as a float- 
ing laboratory and houseboat. It will facilitate the research 
work, and afford accommodations for the scientists from Har- 
vard, Princeton and elsewhere who have repeatedly expressed 
a desire to make use of the facilities of the Station for carrying 
on certain specific lines of research. 


WILLIAM BEEBE. 


se ETMOTTATA TTARITOM (NOEPVWATOT. PTI MARMORATUS) 


REPORT OF THE 


DIRECTOR OF THE AQUARIUM 


TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. 


THE Aquarium, as one of the public museums of New York, 
continues, despite its unfailing attraction for the people, 
to represent a neglected opportunity. 


Possessing a greater interest for the public than any other 
institution, and forced to carry on the office work of a great 
museum without the proper facilities for doing so, the fund for 
its maintenance at present is less than that provided ten years 
ago. It remains, through lack of space and lack of considera- 
tion by the authorities, in a condition of arrested development. 


Its unique possibilities for usefulness and greater attractive- 
ness have long been apparent. They have, indeed, been set forth 
persistently by its officers, yet its prospects for early improve- 
ment are not encouraging. 


We have been repeatedly assured that the enlargement of 
the building by the City on the comprehensive plans prepared 
in 1911, is altogether impossible. We are now informed that the 
much needed alterations in the present structure, according to 
the very modest plans prepared during the past year, cannot be 
considered at all. 


The only hope for the moderate improvements desired would 
appear to depend on the faint prospect of securing funds from 
private sources. 


The alterations proposed include the removal of the mechan- 
ical department of the Aquarium from the rear of the building 
to the unused basement at the front, and the construction of a 
third story above the present office section. The first would per- 
mit of greater efficiency in operating the mechanical department 
and allow the reclaiming of valuable space for exhibits. The 
second would provide space for office work that has always been 
earried on under serious drawbacks. Included with them were 


OLD EXHIBITION TANKS 


uph showing a section of the old tanks at the Aquarium before they were enlarged. 


‘e 


Photoegr: 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 123 


several other improvements that would eliminate disadvantages 
of long standing, particularly the invasion of the basement by 
the sea at high tides. 


In the meantime the Aquarium is cumbersome to operate 
and cramped for space. 


After many years of effort directed toward the elimination 
of various defects, we find ourselves at a standstill. There is 
little more that can be done without a fund sufficiently large 
to enable us to deal with the really serious hindrances that have 
always confronted us. The cost of the above described improve- 
ments was estimated at $90,000. 


IMPROVEMENTS FROM THE MAINTENANCE FUND. 


Larger Exhibition Tanks.—The most important improve- 
ment made in the Aquarium during the year or in fact during 
the past six years was the enlargement of several glass-fronted 
exhibition tanks on the ground floor. By combining the original 
small-sized tanks in pairs, removing the partitions and extending 
the back walls to the outer wall of the building, it has been possi- 
ble to construct tanks of large size, similar to those in the larger 
aquariums of Europe. Some of these enlarged tanks have a 
length of about fifteen feet and all of them, a depth, back from 
the glass, of twelve feet. 


The increased water space has made it possible to greatly 
enlarge the exhibits in each tank. The contents of the old re- 
serve tanks, formerly located behind the exhibition tanks, have 
been transferred to the newly enlarged tanks and thus added 
to the collection on exhibition. The reserve tanks will be located 
elsewhere and restocked. 


With the return of the next summer’s collecting season, it 
will be possible to stock these tanks to their full capacity, and 
also to place behind the glass many large specimens that have 
hitherto been kept only in the large open floor pools. 


Four tanks of large size were constructed during the sum- 
mer by the employes of the Aquarium, at a cost per tank of not 
more than $50 for materials. The extra labor thrown on our 
own force was, however, too great to be continued. By enforc- 
ing special economies it was possible to accumulate funds suffi- 
cient for the construction of seven more tanks of large size, for 
which a contract was awarded on December 7. 


N TANKS 
nded back to the outer wall of the 


yet been installed. 


ED EXHIBITIO 
been exte 
m has not 


ENLARG 
h the tanks have 


rin whic 
ge over the 


the manne 
The iron footbrid 


building. 


Showing 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 125 


The splendid exhibition tanks created in this way—eleven 
in number—have entailed no expense aside from the regular 
maintenance fund. They have quadrupled the swimming space 
of the tanks and afforded much better conditions of life for their 
living occupants. 


An equally important point is the increased attractiveness 
of the display in each tank, the greater depth of water (back 
from the glass) giving an “under water” effect that is not pos- 
sible in tanks of small size. The increased tank space also has 
made it possible to increase the number of species that may be 
confined together in each tank. 


During the fourteen years that the Aquarium has been 
under the management of the Zoological Society, it has been 
improved in many ways, chiefly in its mechanical department; 
but these improvements are not such as are apparent to the visi- 
tor, the machinery of operation being largely out of sight. The 
enlarged exhibition tanks represent an improvement in the exhi- 
bition of specimens, so marked that it cannot fail to meet with 
the approval of the public. 


Having been assured by the City Fire Department that the 
operation of the refrigerating plant in the Aquarium would no 
longer be permitted until it could be separately and tightly 
housed against all possible danger to visitors, its removal to a 
new position became imperative. 


This work will be undertaken at once, as the cold water 
system must be ready for operation sometime in May. Being 
a part of the permanent and necessary equipment of the building, 
its removal and housing should not be chargeable to the main- 
tenance fund already heavily taxed on account of the increased 
cost of coal and other supplies. 


In order to make available for salt water exhibits two of 
the enlarged exhibition tanks of the fresh-water series, an ex- 
tension of piping was made. When cold weather came, an un- 
used wooden storage tank was converted into a water heater, 
which made it possible to exhibit in this water system many 
local sea fishes not to be found along our shores in winter. 


This improvement will be of great value, as marine species 
of fishes and invertebrates are much more numerous than fresh 
water species and should have a larger representation in our col- 
lection than has hitherto been possible. 


126 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


On the evening of December 27, the various Zoological So- 
cieties attending the New York meeting of the American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science were entertained at the 
Aquarium, 520 men being present. 


The entertainment took the form of a smoker, which was 
very emphatically pronounced the most satisfactory feature of 
the whole week as it gave the delegates an unusual opportunity 
for an evening of informal talk. The Director and the Aqua- 
rium Committee acted as a reception committee. 


The annual reception at the Aquarium to members of the 
Zoological Society was held on the evening of May 1, when 355 
guests were present. 


On July 30, an explosion occurred on the New Jersey side 
of the Bay, which resulted in the breaking of 64 roof skylights 
and a large number of the ceiling skylights in the Aquarium. 
The roof skylights were repaired without delay, and the bill 
presented to the Commissioner of Parks, to be paid from Park 
Department funds. An estimate was made for the repair of 
the ceiling skylights and submitted to the Commissioner of 
Parks, who applied for special revenue bonds. The latter re- 
pairs have not yet been made, and if longer delayed there will 
result a considerable loss of heat during the winter. 


THE EXHIBITS. 


The living exhibits of the Aquarium are at the present time 
in excellent condition, and all available exhibition space is fully 
occupied. The total number of specimens in the building is 
5,992, and the number of species 199. Of fishes there are 4,196 
specimens; invertebrates, 1,306; amphibians, 365; reptiles, 123, 
and mammals, only 2—a sea lion and a manatee. 


The manatee, (Manatus inunguis), is the first specimen of 
the Amazon River species to be exhibited in this country. It 
was secured through the help of Captain Torrible of the 
Booth Line Steamer Stephen. This manatee, which is five feet 
long, was received on July 3, and is apparently in the best of 
health at the close of the year. 


During the summer there was much public interest in 
sharks as the result of accidents on the coast of New Jersey, 
where three bathers lost their lives. The Aquarium secured sev- 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 127 


eral specimens, but only one was received alive. It measured 
nearly eight feet in length and weighed 181 pounds. This shark 
lived in one of the large floor pools for five weeks and attracted 
a great deal of attention. Large sharks usually do not live longer 
than a week or two in captivity. The sharks which did not reach 
the Aquarium alive were each exhibited for a few days on ice, 
which gave visitors the opportunity of examining them closely. 
These included the following species: Milbert’s Shark, (Car- 
charhinus milberti), Sand Shark, (Carcharias littoralis), Blue 
Shark, (Prionace glauca), and Short-nosed Shark, (Hypoprion 
brevirostrus). 


Early in June, Mr. Mowbray, of the Aquarium Staff, made 
a large collection of tropical fishes at Turk’s Island, Bahamas, 
but all of these specimens were lost during a hurricane which 
struck that island a few days before the arrival of the steamer 
on which they were to be shipped. In November, Mr. Mowbray 
secured 347 tropical fishes, representing 42 species, at Key West, 
Florida. 


Numerous local sea fishes were collected from the shores 
of Long Island and New Jersey, and a great many fresh water 
species from the various lakes in the City parks. 


The fish hatchery in the Aquarium was kept in operation 
as usual through shipments of fish eggs from Government hatch- 
eries. Eggs of the smelt, 2,000,000 in number, were also supplied 
by the State Conservation Commission. The species hatched 
included brook, rainbow and black-spotted trout, yellow perch, 
pike-perch, and smelt. The young fry were distributed as fol- 
lows: In the lake at Scarsdale, an enlargement of Bronx River, 
7,500,000 yellow perch; in the Hudson River at New York City, 
1,950,000 smelt; to the State Conservation Commission, 3,500,- 
000 pike-perch; to the Interstate Park Commission, 1,450,000 
pike-perch; to the New Jersey Fish Commission, 300 black-spot- 
ted trout; to waters in Orange County, New York, 1,500 rainbow 
trout and 500 brook trout. 


EMPLOYES. 


The only changes among the officers of the Aquarium were 
the resignation of Mr. Chapman Grant, who re-entered the U. S. 
Army, and the appointment of Miss Ida Mellen as Secretary, 


Tia eae ee 
© Setpneticafterahrrevn: Ferrmervinsy 


FRONT ELEVATION OF THE AQUARIUM SHOWING PROPOSED THIRD STORY 


SCALE Peer 
ieee eae bir) 


GROUND PLAN OF THE AQUARIUM 


The shaded portions show the location of the enlarged exhibition tanks. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 129 


The working force rendered excellent service. As previously 
stated, four of the large exhibition tanks were built during the 
summer by our own men. Advantage was taken of the resigna- 
tion of one attendant and of Mr. Chapman Grant, to increase 
the compensation of all persons in the Aquarium receiving less 
than $1,000 per annum, these raises being deemed urgent on 
account of the increased cost of living. The vacant attendant’s 
position was not refilled, the other vacancy being refilled at a 
lower rate of compensation. 


The Director takes pleasure in calling attention to the 
cheerfulness and efficiency with which the employes have per- 
formed the duties assigned to them. 


Miss Mellen has lettered, numbered and card-catalogued the 
collection of Aquarium pamphlets and monographs, about 900 
in all, and has in preparation an index of the entire library, con- 
sisting of some 850 works, with special, separate indices for 
works in sets, such as the American Naturalist, 41 volumes; 
Reports of the Massachusetts Fish Commission, 1868-1910, ete. 
She has also indexed the collection of Aquarium photographs 
taken by Mr. Sanborn and others from time to time and con- 
sisting of about 950 prints arranged in 10 large, loose-leaf vol- 
umes. Each volume now bears a label and a special index, and 
there is, besides, a separate, general index, by means of which 
any picture desired in any one of the 10 volumes may be turned 
to immediately. 


AID TO SCHOOLS AND TEACHERS. 


During the year, small forms of marine life for stocking 
school aquaria were supplied to 36 schools and colleges in Great- 
er New York. Many teachers in the city schools bring their 
classes to the Aquarium once a year. In 1916, there were 235 
such classes accompanied by teachers, a total of 9,546. 


LABORATORY WORK. 


Dr. G. A. MacCallum continued his studies of the parasites 
of fishes and prepared a second paper on the subject which was 
published by the Zoological Society during the summer. 


Dr. Sergius Morgulis continued his investigations on nutri- 
tion in fishes, under the auspices of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 


130 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Dr. W. H. Bates experimented for several months on the 
eyes of fishes, in continuation of his studies of the previous year. 


Specimens of fishes and invertebrates were supplied from 
time to time to investigators connected with institutions in New 
York and elsewhere, whenever they could be spared from the 
collections in the Aquarium. A laboratory for the accommoda- 
tion of zoological workers is still one of the needs of the 
Aquarium. 


ATTENDANCE. 


The number of persons annually visiting the Aquarium has 
been considerably reduced since the commencement of the war 
in Europe. In 1915 the annual attendance, which for many years 
had exceeded 2,000,000, fell to 1,538,831. The attendance in 
1916 was 1,499,667—a further decrease of 39,164. 


As stated in last year’s report, immigration from Europe 
and tourist travel from the United States have nearly ceased. 
The number of persons passing through New York has, in con- 
sequence, been sufficiently reduced to account for the decreased 
attendance at the Aquarium. 


A comparison of the totals, for 1915 and 1916, show that 
the attendance is becoming stationary and that a further de- 
crease in visitors is improbable. 


TABLE OF ATTENDANCE, 1916. 


January VISItOrS... = | W22a8 Daily average.......... 2,330 
February St TR oils 56,882 - i (er 1,961 
March Ti ae oes eee 84,681 rs | ee Delo 
April Se fhans ale 130,888 s | Cee 4,362 
May I ae eT 149,484 5 2) he 4,822 
June i xe 148,091 oe eee 4,936 
July ie eee 23-306 ns ‘toy eae 7,654 
August ot Gol ee. . 194,602 = tO peeeiedes 6,148 
September Pie ¢ eeeeee bone Gok a a Gaestien: 4,595 
October SS eee. Si SOGT * See Sic 
November s ee eoo.240 we ee 2,874 
December I | 86,330 2 A) eee 2,784 


Total ese . 1,499,667 Es = 4,108 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 131 


For many years daily observations have been made at the 
Aquarium on the temperature and salinity of the water of the 
Harbor as pumped into the large floor pools of the building. These 
are the only records of the kind kept in the City, and have 
been frequently consulted by City officials. Their publication in 
the ANNUAL REPORT keeps them in convenient form for refer- 
ence at the Aquarium and more available for general use. 


Record of monthly mean temperatures and specific gravi- 
ties of the water of New York Harbor at the Battery, during 
the year 1916. 


(From daily observations made by Mr. W. I. DeNyse*.) 


Temperature Specific 

Months of water Gravity 
cJISER AUD LEW Ye ele eee Re re sae Ue 41 1,012 
BEDRUAEY? ase eS 42 1,012 
VATE teas engi = a ee 5 38 1,013 
BANGED Vall eee eee ke eee 41 1,009 
Vay meee oe ee ne 50 1 Oat 
3TH GY OS aR oe ee mr af 1,012 
“J ie ere iar spe re 64 1013 
AUISUSG) eno A ies Sahn hi 69 1,014 
September  ....................... pee 69 ONS 
O CROC iret 9 os sont 63 1,016 
INOVWemlber = 250. ss es 56 1,016 
December. 22 49 Ons 


Respectfully submitted, 


CHAS. HASKINS TOWNSEND, 
Director. 


*Density observations were made with samples of water brought to a tempera- 
ture of 60 degrees Fahr. 


REPORT OF THE 


PROSECTOR 


TO THE BOARD OF MANAGERS. 


BEG to submit the following report of the operations of the 
Prosector’s Department for the calendar year 1916: 


Material received.—A total of 186 specimens divided as 
follows: 


PVM, ee eee ee 60 Marsupials. ese ae 9 
CarniVOres- 28 42 Cetaceanis: 53 — = ee 2 
Wnewlatese soe ees 14 Birds; 22s 2 = eee 24 
RROGENLS es ae ee ee 2M Reptiles a sree a eee 13 
Wdentatesi2 a. ee ee 3 = 

Atel cee ee 186 


This material has, as in the past, been utilized for three 
purposes: 


1. Investigation.—The receipt of some much desired forms, 
especially among Primates and Marsupials, has enabled the De- 
partment to practically complete the detailed work on the mor- 
phology and phylogeny of the mammalian respiratory tract, 
which has been prosecuted for a number of years. As soon as 
the question of adequate illustration can be met satisfactorily, 
the Memoir will be published through the Wistar Institute of 
Philadelphia. 


A number of forms of great value and importance to the 
continued investigation of the salivary structures were obtained 
and prepared during the year. It is hoped that the Department 
will be able to issue in the near future a publication supplemen- 
tary to the volume which has already appeared on this subject. 


The brains of all specimens received in sufficiently fresh con- 
dition have been intrusted to Professor Tilney for neurological 
investigation. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 133 


2. The Research Collection has, as usual, received large 
and valuable additions in the form of finished preparation, nota- 
bly of the respiratory, alimentary and uro-genital tracts. 


» 


3. Instruction.—Portions of the primate, carnivore, mar- 
supial and rodent material were used during the year for a course 
in comparative myology. 


Respectfully submitted, 


GEO. S. HUNTINGTON, 
Prosector. 


Creasurer’s Report 


For tHe Year Enpinc Decemper 31, 1916. 


RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES 
OF THE 


Sucome Account 
Schedule 1. 


Unexpended Balance as of December 31, 1915: 
Available for expenditure during AGG poe 2st eee $19,489.57 
Received from Sustaining Memberships in advance 
for 1917, 1918 
Received on account of subscriptions to Oil Paintings 
of American Wild Game, for 1916, 1917, 1918, 
D1 9 ee ee ee ah Bite WL A Nees, Nazir en Sto ea Oe 3,770.65 
Investments: 
5,000 New York, Lackawanna & Western Terminal 


80.00 


$28,290.22 


33,785.49 


A TS AES ONG S ge eee ora ee ae ee eat ie ec Ce eee . 4,950.00 
RECEIPTS 
AMIN Wal WES a8 ee ce ee ee ee sone. ae $17,070.00 
Sustaining wMembershipss =<. te  ee e 600.00 
Special Subscriptions: 
William Colgate sess ne nee ee een eee OT OO 
Wadies* <A uxilia ty. eee ea. ee a eee ee 12.00 22.00 
Aquarium, Publications: (sales)\s... 2 ee eee 82.72 
Transfer from Endowment Fund Income Account. ............ 15,211.00 
Interest tonwbaniwsbalancest- 2 ee 599.77 
Interest on investments ....00000.- ; Sasa. ee ee 200.00 
EXPENDITURES. 
Annual-andiseparate Reports! = ee OCIS ALO 
Bulleting pe eae ee et An eee cue.. 8,383.20 
Photographs and slides Desai nre eens. le ROI 
Preparation and mailing of CHCUATS oi essvsnnennnsnnnnin 1,928.45 
TiO O10 BN Capp eee ec ere ee ee an stietietaleee te 887.12 
Cost of :distribution, of spublications! (az.22.2 ee ea 432.07 
Expenses, Annual Meeting 2. cscccce- Seer ee eee 624.50 
Expenses of Receptions ee sesiorenaahenes 753.50 
Treasurers /'OMCeE NX PEMSES setae ce recesses vaca eee eee 1,350.00 
Generalyoficevexpenses) =. = eee hs 1 Ween kee ade Raa 3A16.46 
Audit of accounts 600.00 


Meri cabo i toy; PATA SUT ANC Cay caer eee eee Oe rol 


Salary. of Secretary, 2.2. EPA IR cet cera GY IMO OND) 
Aquarium expenses ......... scission sere at ates ascertain 233.48 
Office supplies and printing . eee = eee pee) TOS OI eoS 
AQUATIUMIS SPECIMENS) nese eee sieseeat tna esssectuagieeseebo eis 2,193.57 
Heads and Horns (publications and labels) ccc 25.00 
Heads and Horns Fund (transfer)... ster eee 600.00 
Library Fund (transfer) ........... ae a ON 500.00 
Salary of Assistant Secretary se ann eee 750.00 


Carried forward : A th ee esses $30,885.96 


$62,075.71 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


135 


Brought forward ........... Se ee eee ea $30,885.96 
PATO me LOM TIN LO VCESh ae ee eee ee. 4.50.00 
Pension Bund) Income Account =............... ae 3,915.00 
Art Gallery Fund ae Pe tanneries t vos OLOO 
Engineering C5 OS) SLSR ope SO RE Or 4.25.30 
GAVE ANNINVALG) ee SI Es SN eee MN et ae ih 3,904.00 
Ip PHEMOLO ICH y eee en en ee 354.39 
Weis iran Ce meee eee 257.50 
Employees co-operative store ... 700.00 
Bea S ell be MEOTIO Ger ene ese 200.00 
WTS CelilaneOuSHeXP CO SCS: ee ae eee seas ares ee 47,147.24 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: 
Available for expenditure, during 1917 ene 10,928.47 
Received from Sustaining Memberships in advance for 
LOIS paren ere ee BE ie ee er 40.00 
Investments: 
$4,000 New York, Lackawanna & Western Terminal 
4% Bonds (one bond sold during year for $990) 3,960.00 14,928.47 
$62. 075. 71 
H. R. MircwHe.1, Percy R. Pyne, 
Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 
January 1, 1917. 
Maintenance Fund 
ZOOLOGICAL PARK 
Schedule 2. 
RECEIPTS. 
Received from the City on account of Park Maintenance 
Appropriation of $197,074.35 for the year 2c $178,273.87 
Due from the City on account of Park Maintenance Ap- 
jE Le ESB aE Ca) 0 Se al a ee a ce 18,800.48 $197,074.35 
EXPENDITURES. 
Maintenance of buildings and care of collections ............... 57,389.14 
Maimntenancerand scare sOl COUN G Sees eee ee 51,472.87 
General administration 00... ens 19,336.00 
Food for animals Pee eT 35,514.25 
SCT epee eee ee ee eee UO SRY 
etn ere ae ae se ey, hn ee Dee 0) een 2,301.84 
Uniforms and miscellaneous wearing apparel ........ 1,727.82 
Plumbing materials 1,528.70 
Eiregot sHOLSeSe. and! kveEhiCles > oe ee ee 1,518.94 
BITE Ctl CSOT Vel Cue at tee as eee ee i 1,190.25 
amitse and \OuS soe 1,100.20 
Miscellaneous materials 927.54 
Stationery and printing 903.11 
WINS Cell an eGOU Sirs CD PLIES eee ee ee ee ee 855.27 
Telephone service 789.75 
Steelljand iron) == 787.68 
Office supplies i es Me eee 765.68 
Miscellaneous equipment — 746.88 


ITE CL ON TOUT ae aaa a eee $189,402.54 


156 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


TEST. OMG UU G tas ONPLL CL; Cl ae ee eee ee $189,402.54 
Tools and machinery. .......... eer Oe sadder ae ten ate SR eee 737.52 
Sandsscenjen ty ame Wiel Che) ee ee eee eee 725.55 
Bolts, nails and hardware 0000... 678.47 
PAMICOLS SUP PlLGSheeeee eee eee 642.82 
Furnace repairs and replacements 561.37 
Gm Cio an Sara e ta ae eee ees eet eee ee ee ee aces 465.48 
DISin fee tanicpes sa 44.225 
Medical attendance (employees) .. 2 368.00 
Bixpressage gancdindelivie ries gree. eee ocean ae treo ere 328.21 
eSATA GO SSR OY UEP TI Tn eget ee eee ee 319.10 
Fuel oil and gasoline .... 271.78 
Drugs and medicines ........... = 198.52 
IMIS Cell AME OU'S! eI pp AUT Si ee ees acre ee eee ee ee 194.35 
Se QL ENC) oy Nh re er es ae 180.00 
Sanitary service = 168.00 
Rubberwhose geass eens ce 140.01 
Omcesurniturezand Biischur egies ee een es ee ee 124.12 
d Efe aWO aN ea OY 2) UY greene ee eee are are ee ree 124.00 
Nursery stock and seeds 120.98 
Glazier’s; supplies! 222... es 103.29 
La eee er Pa er Seer Rn lI ee ree 100.70 
Mai) o rescore eb a ket oN KS y ae etree eee eae ee areca ea eee eee 99.20 
Painters equipment 92.37 
Electrical materials = 91.20 
INSU: V: SUN po Cfo ole a ee 68.83 
Surgical. instruments and appliances: — = ee 67.03 
Apparatus and machinery repairs 61.17 
Gas & SERVICE We eee nse eee eee = 51.68 
PASTY B'S 1 ES aC CS ee rare ee 33.75 
Matseand siloore Coverings ee ee ee 31.00 
Telegraph, cable and messenger service 30.46 
Medical and surgical supplies ......0000. = 23.25 
iarness:and: vehicleyrepairs 2-5-2. ee ee 15.75 
MOINES LING SSUES ites ne ee eee 10.60 
Miscellaneous (expenses) 222s oe een eee 1.00 $197,074.35 
H. R. MircwHetnt, Percy R. Pyne, 
Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 


January 12, 1917. 
Growd Improvement Hund 
Schedule 3. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: 
Erection and Equipment of Power Plant and Work 


OPS yee ee a rec cee eee $ 91.19 
Construction of Fences and Other Permanent Im- 

NOR ONC) OO) 01 yee eee peracetic saeco ttre 3.90 
rection oteNewsLebrawh louse see 10.00 $ 105.09 


Balance available for expenditure, December 31, 1916: 
Erection and Equipment of Power Plant and Work 
SHOWS) eaten et ee oe tec eee $ 91.19 
Construction of Fences and Other Permanent Im- 
provements 
Erection of New 


Zebra House 10.00 $ 105.09 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 13 
1915 GROUND IMPROVEMENT ACCOUNTS 


Construction of Hospital Building: 
Balance available, December 31, 1915 ou... $ 3,702.90 


EXPENDITURES. 


By the Zoological SO CLG cae sere Sn oe _$ 887.62 
sf se through Park ene ae 297.60 1,185.22 
Balance available, December 31, 1916 . ee 2,517.68 
$ 3,702.90 
Construction of Sliding Door and Reinforcing Elephant 
House Fence: 
Balance available, December 31, 1915 cece ; $ 111.14 
EXPENDITURES. 
ESC RGmAOOLOGLCGLaS OCCU) eee ee $ 111.00 
Balancesavallable; December Sis (916s. eee 14 
$ 111.14 
New Paint and Oil Storage Shed: 
Balance available; December 31, 195.2 22 $ 143.75 
EXPENDITURES. 
ESUPHUNG = ODIOGICAL SOCICLY meer nee eee ete 141.47 
Balance available, December 31, 1916) we ...... ; 2.28 
$ 143.75 
Poultry Breeding House: 

Balance available, December 31, 1915 ......00000............. ae $ 63 
Balancesavallables December 31, 1916) 2 =e $ 63 
Paving Bottom of Duck Pond: 

Balance: available; December Sly, 1905) ene $ 2,059.66 

EXPENDITURES. 
IB) AOD PAO OKOGRGLU, SOCIAL caresses eG $ 942.89 
seein: os a through Park Department. .... 1,082.73 2,025.62 
Balanceravallaplessecemberr olen 191 Gia aes 34.04 
S$ 2,059.66 

H. R. Mircne tt, Percy R. Pyne, 

Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 


January 1, 1917. 


138 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Auimal #imd 


Schedule 4. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: 


Cash in’ Bank: 22.22. ; De ee DRO O OSES 
Cash on hand... 100.00 $ 5,198.31 
RECEIPTS, 
Special Subscriptions: 
Co ETE IGN Serre ere eee ee ae ee $1,000.00 
Watson B. Dickerman a. 900.00 
Ivispemard Stewarts ete ee eens 500.00 
JaMeSae By Om: Clee erence ee en ee 500.00 
Henry M. Tilford 500.00 
In Memoriam. ............... 500.00 
Georcven@2 Clark. . 250.00 
Je ves eMoreant 250.00 
Jacob’ Hi: ‘Schitt ..... 250.00 
Frank K. Sturgis 250.00 
TSO ,U1T S Sp 0 U1 yan eect eee ee eee 150.00 
IVinses sWinnt Gee NACHO] s meee nn eure nme ene 100.00 
iS: ‘Thompson —22..~ ee eee EE 100.00 
A pray GeedNiES bit paper ee ieee eee 100.00 
MissBleanordeG. Cuyle rene ees 100.00 
JohnD> Archbold) 2.2. . 100.00 
Dla S PID OU SAS eee rere eee ee 100.00 
Mis Rinle yx dis shep an Giessen ee ees 100.00 
Mrs. H. P. Davison ~ 100.00 
Willramy hiss Coekee es. . 100.00 
Winn COS bonnie ae 100.00 
IMiscell ames ae ee ee 2,085.00 $ 7,735.00 
Loological ‘Society,of Philadelphia) 2.. a 25000100 
Cadwalader Animal Fund (tramsfer) 200.-cccccccmccrccnens 1,988.89 
Receipts from Park: 
Sales Ofesanimial sae eee ee ene eee $1,352.00 
(Clee kei a ee eee eee 29.55 
Miscellaneous _ ...... Se Pe Ae RT er 85.17 
Privilege Account, on account of 1916 re- 
COUPES.) Matern cena ere ee eee ees 2. O00S 00 3,466.72 14,490.61 
3 19,688.92 
EXPENDITURES. 
Mammals Chae oe eats ae A ol mua ee Oe eee PEO “OO GtOS 
| 01 0 Oar rR ade peo 2,950.80 
Reptiles Se ert ae ee re 1,184.27 
Insect Collection . 169.47 9,371.42 
South African Expedition ... meee : 6,000.00 
Express and other charges, 2... = LAG 
Travelling and other expenses . 1,364.70 


24.6.24 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 13 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: 


SG Faerie es ac ee Rn eee cae $ 2,852.80 
Cash on hand Pe SEES en Se 100.00 2,952.80 
S 19,688.92 
H. R. Mircsett, Percy R. Pyne, 
Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 


January 1, 1917. 


Stokes’ Bird Fund 


Schedule. 5. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: 


(CAGIN Orin: 71 BEAT Fe =, Ree ete as eee ONS cies SOM, rete eee eee $ 2277.29 
Investment: $5,000 Illinois Central Railway 4% Gold 
SOT G Sameera: ee ED Mel Sow Rd SORE 5,056.46 A GSB RYT is 
RECEIPTS. 
MMECTES GON INVES UMENG? 2. ...2- ne een ee ee a 200.00 


$ 5,533.75 


EXPEQSDITURES 
IPIREGEAEOMM. Ge Jovings Fl lh ee ee ene ens ee teen 418.75 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: 
(CEI ane Fite yl Bz Ti fear Pa Se AD nee oe ei een Seat en ek $s 58.54 
Investment: $5,000 Illinois Central Railway 4% Gold 
BONG Seem ee ee ee a etl ee Pa Mee 5,056.46 5,115.00 
$ 5,533.75 
H. R. MircH ett, Percy R. Pyne, 
Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 


January 1, 1917. 


National Collection of Geads and Borns 
Schedule 6. 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00. $ 320.36 
RECEIPTS. 


Special Subscriptions: 
\WWensoimt [Bo IDNO RINE: xn eee reer ew eee, on IU OO, 


AON away: As BU oe eee 15.00 190.00 
HOC OTE ANC CO TEN eg (EL eUINS LC 1) eee 600.00 
$ 1,110.36 
EXPENDITURES. 
eadssand sElorns) 2 Ae ae Bie eee et eae entre i $ 1,017.90 
EFSOLESSMeCLIO Cle LEN Tee CELDT; OOS ese eee ere 13.57 1,031.47 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00. ee 78.89 
$ 1,110.36 
H. R. Mirrcwett, Percy R. Pyne, 
Chief Clerk. Treasurer. 


January 1, 1917. 


140 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Library Fund 
Schedule 7. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915 ...ccccccccccssccsccseue $ 94.68 
RECEIPTS. 
Income: A ceounty (UGAMSLET)), yee eae eer eee 500.00 
$ 594.68 
EXPENDITURES. 
Subscriptionstoperiod cals ieee cess oe ome eee ee $ 118.56 
Books, Pamphlets, ete. ............. : 178.82 
Baxpresssandsother (Char cess a. ee ee eee ee 2.01 299.39 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00.00. 295.29 
$ 594.68 
H. R. Mircue tn, Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, Treasurer. 
January 1, 1917. 
Maintenance Fund 
AQUARIUM 
Schedule 8. 
RECEIPTS. 
Received from the City on Account of Aquarium Mainte- 
nance Appropriation of $47,000.00 for the yeav.............. $40,266.32 
Due from the City on account of Aquarium Mainte- 
nance Appropriation 
Wnexpended! balance tases 1 ee ee $47,000.00 
EXPENDITURES. 
Salaries: 2... Ee eee eter ea el aR I ERM $32,666.97 
uel ee 4,614.26 
Bishtood ee 1,647.25 
Office supplies 209.23 
Laundry, cleaning and disinfecting supplies... 108.40 
Refrigeratinieecup plies ee ee ee a 100.13 
Generaleplant (supplicsit en ee = 362.71 
Officesec Ula Cnt ee eee ee 85.33 
General plant equipment. ..... ee ee 1,675.72 
General -plant-materials| = > ee eee 682.67 
Repairs. ........ Ee kine eee ene es sae see ate a *2,736.97 
|= TF Ot a Sree eae eee perience See | AAO 
Expressage Se a ae a ot ree 280.82 
Telephone. .......... ee Fe ee En ae eee ere Eee 148.51 
Contingencies 2... SOLE ee cot Zahm ad ee we Se ON Re 141.06 
Wearing apparel), .cxa ea ckestce tee caer een ene ee eee 91.50 
Unexpended® balance” 2 ees ee ees 3.57 $47,000.00 
Rogert Surcirre, 
Clerk. Prrcy R. Pyne, 
January 29, 1917. Treasurer. 


* Includes $1,800.00 contract for alteration of tanks, but not actually dis- 


bursed at December 31, 1916. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 141 


Endowment Fund 
Schedule 9. 


Funds as of December 31, 1915: 


Os RPTTIN ES IM ae rec re cere na Sg Soca Pr ON eOO 
Investments at cost .............. Rarer ei _... 338,340.00 $340,312.80 
RECEIPTS. 
Endowment Fund: 
Bistatem one Vis me VLOTTISe Ke tol @SSUIp see ree entrees eee ers 8,750.00 
Wer bes Wiensbens Mus) 22 eae Se eat 2,700.00 
$351,762.80 
Investments as of December 31, 1916, at cost: 
$20,000 Westchester Racing Association 5% First Mort- 
ID Aas OC Sn a eo eae $ 20,000.00 
3,000 Second Mortgage, Clara N. Gibert and others, 
6% over land and buildings, Broadway and 
TCA Ss SSN Ce 2) Ra here a sete todo ae etreypcaen i ie 3,000.00 
5,000 Colorado & Southerm 49% Bovis... ceccecccce cence 4,750.00 
5,000 Michigan Central R. R. Co. 4%. Bonds.............. 4,950.00 
10,000 New York City 1957 4% Corporate Stock... 9,925.00 
10,000 New York City 1957 4% Corporate Stock : 962.50 
20,000 New York City 1958 4% Corporate Stock 75.00 
10,000 New York City 1958 4% Corporate Stock 2.50 
13,400 New York City 1965 4% % Corporate Stock............. 13,651.25 
10,000 St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba 4% Bonds.......... 9,800.00 
50,000 U. S. Steel Sinking Fund 5% Bonds... 51,812.50 
50,000 American Telephone & Telegraph 4% Bonds... 45,000.00 
25,000 Rhode Island Suburban Ry. Co. 4% Bonds............ 21,250.00 
20,000 Chicago & Northwestern Ry. Co. General Mort- 
gages, Dongs y.S 19,750.00 
20,000 Vandalia Railroad Co. Consolidated Mortgage 
GES SV BYOSING (Sie pre ee a ee ree eee Bee oe aes 19,400.00 
5,000 Missouri & Illinois Bridge & Belt R. R. Co. Ist 
INVonbo:al Se AC Fai O1N CS een tee nee eee 5,000.00 
10,000 Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ist Mort- 
el oer Al oy OS ONG ert a eee 9,525.00 
12,000 Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Ist Mort- 
FEM) NYE, SN BYONING Sscerectcerereeecee 11,250.00 
6,000 New York, Lackawanna & Western 4% Terminal 
UTP O RONSON, BOON ae ee 5,940.00 
20,000 Milwaukee, Sparta & Northwestern Ist Mortgage 
AN C7 eames OT) CLS petra sees eo ee eee aro 18,900.00 
25,000 New York & Westchester Lighting Company Gen- 
eral Mortgage 4% Gold Coupon Bonds... 19,750.00 
1,000 Morris & Essex R. R. 334% Bond... 876.25 
5,000 Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New 
OnleanswoobOndsy = 5,000.00 
9,000 Baltimore and Ohio (Pittsburgh, Lake Erie & 
West Virginia) Ry. 4% Refunding Bonds......... 7,920.00 $347,250.00 
Uninvested balance, December BS, V9 VG oi... cecccccceccccccceeseeseeececeeee 4,512.80 


$351,762.80 
H. R. MrrcHe1t1, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


Aa NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Endowment Fund Jucome Account 
Schedule 10. 


RECEIPTS. 
Interest collected from Endowment Fund Investment......... $15,228.00 
$15,228.00 
EXPENDITURES. 
Accrued interest on bonds at time of purchase... a 17.00 
Transferred, to) Income “ACCouite eee evapora semesters 15,211.00 
$15,228.00 
H. R. MircHe rt, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 
Cadwalader Animal Fund 
Schedule 11. 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915: 
@ash ints an keen ence mere Bae ne Se OR Oe ee ee $ 788.89 
Investment: $20,000 (at par) Illinois Central and 
Chicago, St. Louis & New Orleans joint 5% 
DS Or Se ea ee ee ee 20,000.00 $20,788.89 
RECEIPTS. 
Interest vom wives Ene Di ieee a ee ee eee 1,000.00 
$21,788.89 


Transferred to Animal Fund.................... Ss NY OO RN $ 1,288.89 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: 
Investment: $20,000 (at par) Illinois Central and 
Chicago, St. Louis & New Orleans joint 5% 
Bond Sie ce eee ak tte $20,000.00 
Cais pe Bn eee eee ee ree See Pe aerate 500.00 20,500.00 


$21,788.89 
H. R. MircHeit1, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne; 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


Wild Life Fund 


Schedule 12. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915... $ 648.64 


RECEIPTS. 
Salevot, (Our Vanishing, Wild life;e= = aaa a $ 180.75 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 143 


EXPENDITURES. 


Melepraphe and Express) so. nee $ 17.59 
Miscellaneous expenses 82.50 100.09 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916... 729.30 
$ 829.39 
H. R. MircHett, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


Improvement and Repair Account 
Schedule 13. 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00. $ 1,762.36 
RECEIPTS. 

Gra MIN ECON i Speen ere a eran ee $ 8,455.10 

New York Association for Improving the Condition of 


emt OO Lage se ee ee ek ee 959.00 9,414.10 


$ 11,176.46 


EXPENDITURES. 

Guandecence al, elephantehouse.-. 2-2 105.18 
LES IST URES Ba) OPE Ss ae en a ene ce 28.87 
Woncretespenches =a. = ae ROEM, 322.93 
Cran; Came rea Sap rere tetra re eel es ca eh ae 128.52 
Tree pruning . ee 578.67 
RAVING Cela O US tyes esa oe Ly ee i 207.02 
VERT Keer OL CT COS ress eke a ae a enter e 709.77 
East side improvements... .. 1,403.55 
PEZT Tee cA ea abo LV DS Vgc oer eee et eee eee 296.00 
UV fet lice Yo ULI) ae ea eae a Sacra eeaeeeta aoe 1,756.41 
SSI LEC Te yp A vINOMD aes tne ee See Pe cai ened 568.44 
Mammal house repairs ee lls rts: 
Primates house =.= == i 2.61 
GVA GG Les 97a 05 08 Ue eer Se ee 749.83 
Rie pilem NOUSes Rs ee eee 201.70 
Automobile garage . 701.91 


New storage shed 118.62 9,599.81 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916... 1,576.65 


$ 11,176.46 


H. R. MircuHett, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


144 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Carnegie Peusion Find 
Schedule 14. 


Funds as of December 31, 1915: 


Investments malts CO Sys eerre ree eee $100,066.25 
Funds as of December 31, 1916: 
Investments at cost: 
$25,000 Philadelphia & Baltimore First Monteaee ie 
GoldeBonds as wp 23,250.00 
25,000 Lehigh Coal & Navigation 4 Vy % “Bonds eniennee G4 37500 
25,000 Tlinois Central 4% Bonds... ee om enn ae ORY) 
5,000 Morris & Essex 3144 % Bonds... DO en ee ARO MID 
25,000 Chicago & Northwestern fete Bonds... Bet ee .. 23,687.50 
1,000 Michigan Central 34% % Bond. cccccccnnnnnennnnnenne 817.50 $100,066.25 
H. R. Mrrcwe tz, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES 
OF THE 
Peusion Fund Income Account 
Schedule 15. 
Uninvested balance as of December 31, 1915: 
Deposited with Farmers’ Loan & Trust Cou... $4,595.77 
Deposited with Corn Exchange, Bank (Bronx)... 372.68 $ 4,968.45 
UN vies tients, at COS bee erect ee 10,075.00 
RECEIPTS. 
Interest on bamk balances... cecccccccccesesceeeee 75.12 
Interest on;bond anvestments 2. = 538.00 
Dues collected from Zoological Society Kmployees.... 3,144.39 
Contributed by New York Zoological Society: 
Interest on Carnegie Pension Fund Investments . $4,335.00 
Cash apayments,. years OMG a oe ee ee 3,915.00 *8,250.00 
$27,050.96 
EXPENDITURES. 
Refund of dues with accrued interest to resigning mem- 
PRET Se cetera A IRIs Rae Se elec ence cere ee Q17.12 
Clerical services 250.00 
Physical examinations (made by Dr. G. J. Van der Smis- 
SES OU) Yee age ere ee sete eee eee 9.00 
Death benefits paid during year 1916... epee 369.23 845.35 
Investments at cost: 
$5:000 New York City 446% Bonds ee $ 5,093.75 
5,000 Illinois Central and Chicago, St. Louis & New Or- 
leans) Ry. joint’ 5%) Bonds eo ae 4,981.25 
Carried forward ccc 1 ec Re MO 8 ne tea ec $ 10,075.00 


*Balance of $250.00 due from the Zoological Society on 1915 account included. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 145 


ES OU GILG II ON TOOT, 1) Ce see eta ti neg ts as $ 10,075.00 
75,000 Milwaukee, Sault Ste. Marie & Atlantic Ry. first 
LINES. Al BY oy 0 V0 [pee ee Sami eR i, Pan re rr . 4,868.75 
74,000 Baltimore and Ohio (Pittsburgh, Lake Erie & 
West Virginia) Ry. 4% Refunding Bonds... 3,520.00 
+5,000 ‘Twenty-third Street Improvement & Refunding 
DIC Sams ONS eee cee re en ok eee ene A ese et 4,825.00 23,288.75 
Uninvested balance as of December 31, 1916: 
Deposited with Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co... $ 2,416.91 
Deposited with Corn Exchange Bank (Bronx)............ 499.95 2,916.86 
$27,050.96 
y+ Purchased during 1916. 
H. R. MircwHet1, 
Asst. to Treas. Percy R. Pyne,. 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 
Cropical Research Fund 
Schedule 16. 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1915.00.00... $ 5,000.00 
RECEIPTS. 
Special Subscription: 
PANTRY Hae gee CHE AVE tT ene eo Oe fe cen ec ee ED 1,000.00 
$ 6,000.00 
EXPENDITURES. 
rpbettve fe CineChinn ge CUT AUT cence sccec rere seer $ 2,303.96 
Travelling expenses 1,125.00 
MVitis Cell ae O US exp) CT SCS) eee asec ee Oo au 5,982.43 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00.00... 17.57 


$ 6,000.00 


H. R. MircHet., 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


146 


Art Gallery Fund 


Schedule 17. 


NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


RECEIPTS. 
Transferreditromy Income Alccount2... ees $ 3,770.65 
Special Subscriptions: 
@pdeny vVTillis pes een toe eee ae eee er $ 250.00 
CASE Die teri Cheer ese ee 2 ee 250.00 
Fllenrey) Mis ilo hig eas eee eee ee eee eee 250.00 
Cleveland) 4H “Dod sei ese ae ne eee eee eee 250.00 
Taspenard “Stewarts eee ae eee 250.00 
George: Js \Gouldye en oat ee ee 250.00 
Watson B. Dickerman 250.00 
Montinien sb S chit: ss ae ee ee 250.00 
Josephs McA een ang =o sa eae oe ee 250.00 
Brake (Ke SS Ue esr ie ee eee ee 250.00 
Percy. Re (Pyne. 22 8 ee es ee eee 250.00 
Gre Org EE TB aie roe ie ere rien ee 250.00 
BS) (Gray BRO Ur IG ois eae ee ee 250.00 
Pie hook sie Peal co 0 eee ee nn eee eee UE eS ee al 250.00 
Grant (Bs ‘Schley ge 2.2.2 eee 250.00 
Edw. S. Harkness 250.00 
Andrew Carnegie 250.00 4,250.00 
$ 8,020.65 
EXPENDITURES. 
Oil= paintings, 4. 1,250.00 
MES cellameous ex PeMSes xtc eee ee 5.73 1,255.73 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916: 
Available for expenditure during 19V 7 ..ccc.cccc-ccccconctecned $ 6,264.92 
Received on account of subscriptions paid in advance 
for 1918, 1919 Ns mee Conse Ba ee pene ARC Org EN ES! 500.00 6,764.92 
$ 8,020.65 
H. R. MircHett1, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 147 


Publication Fund 


Schedule 18. 


RECEIPTS. 
Special Subscriptions: 


Robert S. Brewster ...... Re ee eee OOO!00 


eee SCHETIMELENONM ice 1,000.00 
IRChie, (Se laleidlenensy Se 1,000.00 
@levelandeiih Dod cere meee eee. 1,000.00 
Emerson MeMillin 1,000.00 


Anthony R. Kuser 1,000.00 $ 6,000.00 


Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916.00 $ 6,000.00 
H. R. MircHerz, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


Geads and Horns Building Hind 
Schedule 19. 


RECEIPTS. 
Special Subscription: 

MirsekinedenickHerris le homipSOnh ae see $ 5,000.00 
Unexpended balance as of December 31, 1916............................ $ 5,000.00 


H. R. MircH ett, 
Chief Clerk. Percy R. Pyne, 
January 1, 1917. Treasurer. 


MARWICK, MITCHELL, PEAT & CO. 


CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS 
Zia WAC SiRE ET 
NEW YORK 


Auditors’ Certificate 


We have audited the books and accounts of the New York Zoological Society, 
and of the “Carnegie Pension Fund” for the year ending December 31, 1916, and 
certify that the foregoing Schedules, “1” to “17,” of cash receipts and expendi- 
tures are in accordance with the books, and correctly record the transactions re- 
lating to the Funds of the Society and the “Carnegie Pension Fund” for the year 
1916, and the condition of the various Funds as of December 31, 1916. The sub- 
scriptions, donations and dues reported as received and the income from invest- 
ments, have been properly accounted for, and the securities and cash in bank and 
on hand at December 31, 1916, as shown in the accounts of the Funds presented 
herewith, have been duly checked and found in order. 

Schedule “3” includes expenditures amounting to $1,380.33 made through the 
Park Department of the City of New York which have not been verified by us, but 
we have incorporated them in the statements submitted, so that these may be com- 

lete. 
y Marwick, MircHert, Peat & Co., 
Chartered Accountants. 
79 Wall Street, New York, 
February 23, 1917. 


Report of the Auditing Committee 


OF THE 


NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


To The President and Board of Managers 
Of The New York Zoological Society: 
Dear Sirs:— 


We beg to report we have examined the annual audit of the books and ac- 
counts of the New York Zoological Society for the year ending December 31, 
1916, as made by Messrs. Marwick, Mitchell, Peat & Company, Chartered Ac- 
countants, and herewith submit the same to you as a complete and satisfactory 
audit of said books and accounts, including the Carnegie Pension Fund and the 
Pension Fund Income Account, all expenditures and receipts of the various ac- 
counts being clearly set forth, and it appearing that the cash on hand and at the 
various depositories has been verified and found correct, and all securities in 
which the funds of the Society are invested have been examined and found as 
reported. 

Expenditures made through the Park Department of the City of New York 
have not been verified by this audit as such moneys have not passed through the 
hands of this Society, but are in due course checked and verified by the Comp- 
troller of the City. 

Respectfully submitted, 


WiniaM Wuite Nites, 
Chairman. 


LisPENARD STEWART. 
Antuony R. Kuser. 


Hist of Accessions, 1916 


BY THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


AT THE ZOOLOGICAL PARK. 


BY GIFT 


Apvams, B. F., Jacksonville, Fla.: 
1 Searlet King Snake, 1 Florida Garter Snake, 1 Chicken Snake, 1 Pygmy 
Snake. ‘Total, 4 specimens. 
Apamson, Cuarzes, Ch. Engr. S. S. Muncaster Castle, Tompkinsville, S. I.: 
Pig-Tailed Monkeys (2 specimens). 
ALLEN, Mrs. Georcr, New York City: 
Cotton-headed Marmoset. 
Auten, Capt. G. A., Nyack, N. Y.: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 
Austin, E. H., Gaylordsville, Conn.: 
1 Holbell’s Grebe, 3 Wood Tortoises. 
BALKELAND, G. W., Yonkers, N. Y.: 
Red Fox. 
Banxs, Mrs. Anetia, New York City: 
Tovi Parakeet. 
Barnes, Dana A., Boston, Mass.: 
1 Black Hog-Nosed Snake, 4 Garter Snakes, 2 Water Snakes, 1 Milk Snake. 
Total, 8 specimens. 
Beprorp, H. M., United Fruit Co., New York City: 
1 Costa Rica Boa, 3 Central American Boas, 1 Central American Tree Snake. 
Total, 5 specimens. 
BrEuHANn, James J., Otisville, N. Y.: 
1 Bull Frog, 1 Horned Owl. 
Beypen, H., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Virginia Cardinal. 
Betz, E. Layton, Flushing, L. I.: 
12 Banded Rattlesnakes, 13 Copperhead Snakes. 
Bett, E. Layton, Jr., Flushing, L. I.: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 
Bicetow, W. C., New Rochelle, N. Y.: 
Hooded Sapajou Monkey. 
Birper, Craries, New York City: 
Barred Owl. 
Brake, Cuaries H., Glenburnie-on-Lake-George, N. Y.: 
Pilot Blacksnake. 
Buressinc, Anotpu, Bolton Landing, N. Y.: 
Spotted Salamander. 
Boys’ Crus, THe, New York City: 
Alligator. 
Bourne, Frepertck G., Oakdale, L. I.: 
Peafowl (2 specimens). 
Brosz, Joun F., New York City: 
Screech Owl. 
Brown, Miss Sytvia E., Dobbs Ferry, N. Y.: 
Opossum. 
Brucceman, Miss ANNa, New York City: 
Canary. 
Bucxiey, Morvimer, Patrolman 68th Precinct, New York City: 
Opossum. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 151 


Buist, Master ALeExanper, New York City: 
Snapping Turtles (2 specimens ). 
Caruart, LinpeEN SreEveNs, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
American Crow. 
Cuaree, J. G., Langley, S. C.: 
2 Corn Snakes, 1 Hog-Nosed Snake, 1 King Snake, 1 DeKay Snake, 1 Rib- 
bon Snake. Total, 6 specimens. 
Cuarin, Mrs. C. N., New York City: 
Mute Swans (3 specimens). 
Cuurcn, A., Newark, N. J.: 
Alligator. 
Crakk, E., Jr., Albany, N. Y.: , 
Opossum. 
Cuirrorp, J. J., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 
Cor, Miss M. S., New York City: 
1 Blue Solitaire, 1 Shassa ‘Thrush, 1 Blacksap, 1 Skylark, 1 Yellow-headed 
Amazon Parrot. Total, 5 specimens. 
Core, Master Watson C., New York City: 
Chameleon. 
Connotiy, Mrs. Cuaries E., New York City: 
Wood Thrush. 
Cranpati, Dr. F. A., Zoological Gardens, Buffalo, N. Y.: 
Hudsonian Curlew. 
Cross, Wasuineron M., East Orange, N. J.: 
White-faced Sapajou Monkey. 
CruiksHANK, Dr. Omar T., Pittsburgh, Pa.: 
Bunch of Salamander Spawn. 
Cutter, Vicror M., Limon, Costa Rica: 
Giant Caciques (2 specimens). 
DarDINGKILLER, F. M., Sergeant 2nd Brigade, N. G. N. Y., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 
Davis, Miss Exste, New York City: 
White-faced Sapajou Monkey. 
Davis, Mrs. J. M., Tarrytown, N. Y.: 
Squirrel Monkeys (3 specimens). 
Day, Lee Garnett, New York City: 
1 Ocelot, 1 Bay Lynx. 
Day, Carr. WitiraM F., 40th Precinct, New York City: 
Opossum. 
Dersy, G. H., New York City: 
Scarlet Tanager. 
Drrmars, R. L., Scarsdale, N. Y.: 
1 Red Coati Mundi, 1 Hog-nosed Snake. 
Dorn, Ricnarp, Upper Montclair, N. J.: 
Blue Jays (5 specimens). 
DreNNAN, Dr. JENNIE G., Quarantine Station, S. I.: 
Java Monkey. 
Drew SEMINARY FOR YOUNG WomeEN, Carmel, N. Y.: 
Alligator. 
Epwin, Watrer, New York City: 
Alligator. 
Eecretinc, Orro, New York City: 
W oodchuck. 
Emmerson, Warrer R., New Rochelle, N. Y.: 
Herring Gull. 
Empire Crry Rrere anp Revotver Crus, New York City: 
English Ring-neck Pheasant. 


152 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Encertnarpt, Grorce P., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
8 Arizona Tree Toads, I Desert Swift. 

Evans, Miss M. C., New York City: 
Canary. 

Fenno, H. Brapier, Boston, Mass.: 
King Snake. 

Fereuson, Master Ropert, New York City: 
Horned Lizard. 

Forrencer, A. E., Grantwood, N. J.: 
Green-cheeked Amazon Parrot. 

Frepericks, Greorce, Astoria, L. I.: 
American Robin. 

Freeman, H., New York City: 
Skunk. 

Frost, Miss L., New York City: 
Marmosets (2 specimens). 

Gittam, Artuour L., Flushing, L. I.: 
12 Banded Rattlesnakes, 18 Copperhead Snakes, 15 Timber Rattlesnakes, 2 

Southern Green Snakes, 1 Gopher Snake, 1 Chicken Snake, 1 Box 
Turtle. Total, 50 specimens. 

Gitmore, Witiiam, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Black-crowned Night Heron. 

Greene, P. E. N., Shrewsbury, N. J.: 
Coyote. 

Grirritu,’ Dr. F., Belmar, N. J.: 
Hog-nosed Snake. 

Gross, Evcenr, New York City: 
Saw-Whet Owl. 

Grossman, Master Frank, New York City: 
Alligator. 

Harr, THomas G., New Rochelle, N. Y.: 
Black Squirrel. 

Harroip, Exmer, Leetonia, Ohio: 
Barn Owl. 

Harreick, Master Vincent, New York City: 
Marmoset. 

Haupt, H., Jr., South Haven, Mich.: 
Hog-nosed Snakes (2 specimens). 

Hecur, A., Larchmont, N. Y.: 
Screech Owl. 

Hep, J., Bronxville, N. Y.: 
Pigeons (18 specimens). 

Hiticrest, Oswatp, New York City: 
Barbary Turtle Dove. 

Hirttarp, J. D., Fort Ann, N. Y.: 
Great Horned Owl. 

Hocuperrrer, Mrs. Mary J., Harbor Haven, L. I.: 
Herring Gull. 

HortzmMan, Wiiu1am, New York City: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 

Horssrucnu, Cor. Born R., Oxted, Surrey, England: 
Ring-necked Ducks (2 specimens). 

Howarp, O. F., New York City: 
Bahama Tree Toads (3 specimens). 

Huser, Master Grorcr, New York City: 
8 Garter Snakes, 49 DeKay Snakes. 

Huu, Hersert, New York City: 
Tarantula. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT Liss! 


Humpnureys, M. V., New York City: 
Gray Squirrel. , 
Huntiey, Franx C., New York City: 

Flying Squirrel. : 

Is—EHorRN, Gustav, New York City: 
Alligator. ; 
Joseru, Exxis S., Sydney, N.S.W., Australia: 

Great Grey Kangaroo. 

Kawnst, Grorce O., New York City: 

Virginia Rail. 2 

KetcHam, Irvine M., Glen Head, L. I.: 

14 Two-lined Salamanders, 3 Marbled Salamanders, 1 Tiger Salamander, 
1 Batch Salamander Eggs, 18 Water Newts, 1 Gray Tree Toad, 2 Com- 
mon Toads, 4 Cricket Frogs, 2 Wood Frogs, 8 Pickerel Frogs, 1 Painted 
Turtle, 1 Canada Porcupine. Total, 55 specimens. 

KInsEL, Greorce J., West Orange, N. J.: 

Water Snake and 45 young. 

Kix, Epwarp B., Manaos, Brazil: 

1 Festive Amazon Parrot, 1 Blue and Yellow Macaw, 1 White-throated Seed- 
eater, 1 Woolly Monkey, 1 Spider Monkey, 1 Golden Agouti, 1 Boa 
Constrictor. Total, 7 specimens. 

Kuepsterx, Lester, New York City: 

Saw-Whet Owl. 

Kuresert, J.. New York City: 
Toyi Parakeets (2 specimens). 
Kwoxsie, W., New York City: 
American Sparrow Hawk. 
Kworr, Miss Emma, New York City: 
Blue-Fronted Amazon Parrot. 
Kocn, Miss E., New York City: 

Canary. 

Kuser, Cot. AntHony R., Bernardsville, N. J.: 

68 Golden Pheasants, 60 Silver Pheasants, 13 Lady Amherst Pheasants, 10 
Rink-neck Pheasants, 4 Black-Breasted Pheasants, 4 Lineated Pheas- 
ants, 2 Black-crested Pheasants, 6 Black-throated Pheasants, 1 Cheer 
Pheasant, 1 Swinhoe Pheasant, 1 Eared Pheasant, 2 Elliot Pheasants, 
2 Horsfield Pheasants, 1 Mongolian Pheasant, 1 Impeyan-Silver Pheas- 
ant Hybrid, 4 Swinhoe-Silver Pheasant Hybrids, 1 Pheasant-Fowl Hy- 
brid, 1 Ceylon Jungle Fowl-Domestic Fowl Hybrid, 36 Hybrid Ring- 
neck Pheasants, 2 Victoria Crowned Pigeons, 1 Nicobar Pigeon, 1 Blue 
and Yellow Macaw, 20 Mallard Ducks, 1 Paradise Sheldrake, 2 Ruddy 
Sheldrakes, 1 Pintail Duck, 1 Whistling Swan, 1 Whooping Swan, 2 
European Brant, 1 Lesser Snow Goose, 1 Ross Goose, 1 Wood-Mallard 
Hybrid. Total, 253 specimens. 

Lapensure, Miss E. M., Westbury, L. I.: 

Grizzly Bear Cub. 

Larson, Miss Estuer, Hoboken, N. J.: 

South American Parakeets (2 specimens). 

Lewis, Henry W., Nashville, Tenn.: 

Red-shouldered Hawk. 

Liyprotu, Master Grorce, New York City: 

Alligators (2 specimens). 

Livrrotr, R. P., Brooklyn, N. Y.: 

White-faced Sapajou Monkey. 

Liscuxe, Masters G. and H., New York City: 

8 Garter Snakes, 49 DeKay Snakes. 

McGrut, Dr. W. H., New York City: 
Alligators (2 specimens). 


154 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


McKean, M., New York City: 
Marmoset. ; 
McPuaiz, G. A., New York City: 
Yellow-Fronted Amazon. 
Marcersu, Jor, New York City: 
3 Central American Boas, 1 Flat-Headed Tree Snake. 
Marckres, Grorce M., Sharon, Conn.: 
Horned Grebe. 
MeNCHEN, '‘THeopoRE, Woodhaven, L. I.: 
Black Snakes (3 specimens). 
Miter, Master Jacos, New York City: 
Alligator. j 
Mitiwarp, Russert Hastines, New York City: 
1 Jaguar, 1 White-nosed Coati Mundi. 
Miner, Dr. F. C., New York City: 
Green-cheeked Amazon Parrot. 
Monracve, E., Hyndsville, N. Y.: 
Swainson Hawk. 
Monrose, Master Exiswortn, New York City: 
Opossum. 
Moore, Mrs. JonarHan, Bronxville, N. Y.: 
Alligator. 
Mosire, C. A., Lemon City, La.: 
2 Diamond-back Rattlesnakes, 1 Water Moccasin. 
Myer, J. W., New York City: 
Tovi Parakeets (3 specimens). 
Myers, Mrs. F'., New York City: 
Yellow-shouldered Amazon Parrot. 
Nevitz, P. J., Somerville, N. J.: 
Red-shouldered Hawk. 
N. Y. Aquarium, New York City: 
1 Iguana, 1 Alligator. 
N. Y. Srare Conservation Commission, Albany, N. Y.: 
English Ring-neck Pheasants (6 specimens). 
Norris, Mrs. Lewis R., New York City: 
Scarlet Tanager. 
Nycaarp, I. O., New York City: 
Green Monkey. 
Orrter, Dr. Turopore EKucenr, Augusta, Ga.: 
Coral Snake. 
Ousen, L., New York City: 
Sew-Whet Owl. 
Oxrsen, O. L.., Boonsboro, Md.: 
Ring-neck Snake. 
Oxsex, Frep, New York City: 
Snapping Turtle. 
Pace, Mrs. Epwarp A., New York City: 
12 Undulated Grass Parakeets, 5 Yellow Parakeets. 
Parner, Kenyon V., Cleveland, Ohio: 
Spot-billed Toucanel. 
Parker, Foster, Cayuga, N. Y.: 
Blue-Wing Teal. 
Parker, Watrter E., Chicago, IIL: 
Texas Rattlesnake. 
Paut, J. J.. Watertown, Fla.: 


1 Pair Skunks, 1 Northern Fox Squirrel, 1 Southern Fox Squirrel. 


4. specimens. 
Pavuut, J. F., Jr., Wheeling, W. Va.: 
1 Great Horned Owl, 1 Cooper’s Hawk. 


Total, 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


Pavutsen, N. F., New York City: 
Kinkajou. 
Prenpieton, C. V., Norwich, Conn.: 


E55) 


2 Hog-nosed Snakes, 1 Alligator, 2 Spotted Turtles. Total, 5 specimens. 


Peters, Wittiam, New York City: 
Olive-backed ‘Thrush. 


Puitaverpnia Zootocicay Garpens, through R. D. Carson, Supt., Philadelphia, 


Pa.: 

Coypu Rats (3 specimens). 

Porice Precincr No. 63, New York City: 
Raccoon. 

Poxtiock, G. Freeman, Skyland, Va.: 
5 Timber Rattlesnakes, 6 Copperhead Snakes. 

Puxirzer, Ratpu, New York City: 
Canada Lynx. 

Purce.zt, Mrs. F. M., New York City: 
Gray Java Sparrow. 

Pyrorer, Wittiam, New York City: 
White-faced Sapajou Monkey. 

Quanpt, Paur, New York City: 
Bull Snake. 

Quick, Cuester G., Spuyten Duyvil, N. Y.: 
Opossum. 

Raptey, Witt1am P., New York City: 
Alligator. 

Reep, S. K., New York City: 
Red-shouldered Hawks (2 specimens). 

Recan, Emmerr, New York City: 
Roseate Cockatoo. 

Renexker, C. P., New York City: 
Flying Squirrels (3 specimens). 

Reynotps, Mrs. H. L., New York City: 
Mute Swans (2 specimens). 

Rozert, Mavame Berrur, New York City: 
Rhesus Monkey. 

Rogrnson Bros., San Francisco, Calif.: 
Red Entellus Monkey. 

Romanorr, Prerer, New York City: 
Red-shouldered Hawks (2 specimens). 

Rosr, Mrs., New York City: 
Alligator. 

RoseNnBERG Bros., New York City: 
Pair Red Foxes. 

Rossperc, Kurt, New York City: 
Fish Crow. 

Rowixanp, G. T., Mt. Vernon, N. Y.: 
Opossum. 

Saceman, Mrs. Joun, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Virginia Rail. 

SanpgBacu, C., New York City: 


1 Java Sparrow, 1 Cut-throat Finch, 2 Troupials, 2 Moriche Orioles. 


6 specimens. 
Scnacut, F. H., Jersey City, N. J.: 
2 Colonies of Bees, Beehives and fittings for same. 
Scuapt, Master Henry, New York City: 
Flying Squirrel. 
ScHarrer, L.. J., Corona, L. I.: 
Central American Boa. 


Total, 


156 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Scutecuta, J. J., Patchogue, L. L: 
Woolly Monkey. 
Scuneiver, H. G., New York City: 
American Sparrow Hawk. 
Scnutman, Master Max, New York City: 
Wood Tortoise. 
Serrorp, Mrs. L., Grantwood, N. J.: 
Alligator. 
SueLpon, Cuarites, New York City: 
Horned Lizards (3 specimens). 
Suiexp, F. K., Kamp Kiametha, N. J.: 
American Sparrow Hawks (4 specimens), 
SHOEMAKER, Henry W., McElhattan, Pa.: 
1 Bald Eagle, 2 Bay Lynxes. 
Stocum, J. J.. New York City: 
Amazon Parrot. 
Smitu, Howarp C., Jr., New York City: 
1 Gray Squirrel, 1 Alligator. 
Snake Kine, W. A., Brownsville, Texas: 
1 Mexican Boa, 1 Mexican Rattlesnake, 1 Mexican Skink. Total, 3 speci- 
mens. 
Speck, Dr. F. G., Philadelphia, Pa.: 
1 Desert Tortoise, 1 Red Salamander, 2 Pickering Tree Toads, 2 Slimy 
Salamanders, 2 Spotted Salamanders, 1 Southern Tree Frog, 1 Jumping 
Mouse. Total, 10 specimens. 
Spence’s Scroot, Miss, New York City: 
2 European Bullfinches, 1 European Goldfinch, 1 European Siskin, 1 White- 
headed Manniken, 2 Long-tailed Grassfinches, 3 Melodious Grassquits, 
1 Saffron Finch. Total, 11 specimens. 
Sreiz, Grorce H., New York City: 
Alligator. 
Srreeter, Corporat D. D., McAllen, Texas: 
Berlandier’s Tortoise. 
SrutsMan, Franx V., Twin Lakes, Pa.: 
1 Timber Rattlesnake, 1 Storer’s Snake. 
Sumner, Mrs. Graname, Englewood, N. J.: 
Roseate Cockatoo. 
Surcrirre, Rosert, Douglas, Ariz.: 
Horned Lizards (9 specimens). 
Switzer, J. E., Ardsley-on-the-Hudson, N. Y.: 
Green-Winged Macaw. 
Tampervitte, Mr., New York City: 
Raccoon. 
Tarspox, Miss Cora I., Essex, Vt.: 
American Robins (2 speciemns). 
Taytor, W. Betz; Lima, Peru: 
Woolly Monkey. 
Trexttrorp, A. W., Wassaic, N. Y.: 
American Sparrow Hawk. 
Teremra, Mrs. L. J.. New York City: 
Troupial. 
Ter Marscu, Carr. K. J., S. S. Medan, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
1 Siamang, 1 Chevrotain. 
Trromas, Miss Crrmistrne, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
1 South American Boa, 1 Alligator. 
Ttrompson, Master Harry, New York City: 
Milk Snake. 
Trernan, Jomn, New York City: 
Alligators (9 specimens). 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 157 


Van BeEnscuoren, B. L., White Plains, N. Y.: 
1. English Rink-neck Pheasant, 1 Golden Pheasant. 

Von Buenren, Georce, New York City: 
Ribbon Snakes (2 specimens). : 

Von Dersten, Miss Fitorence, Hoboken, N. J.: 
Horned Toad. 

Wascstarr, Mrs. Davin, Tuxedo Park, N. Y.: 
Kinkajou. 

Watson, R. C., New York City: 
Alligator. 

Warter, Jutes A., New York City: 
1 Corn Snake, 1 King Snake. 

Wartet, Louis, New York City: 
Sun Bittern. 

Went, A., New York City: 
Sapajou Monkey. 

Wernerre, F., Los Angeles, Calif.: 
4 Greater Jerboas, 1 Pair Ring-tailed Cats, 2 Western Cotton-tail Rabbits, 

4 German Dormice, 6 Kangaroo Mice, 3 Cyclodes. Total, 21 specimens. 

Weitrzer, Cuaries, New York City: 
Alligators (2 specimens): 

WENzEL, Epwarp, New York City: 
1 Milk Snake, 1 Box Turtle. 

Westman, Grorce E., Bishop’s Crossing, Quebec, Canada: 
Great Horned Owl. 

Wuarton, THeopore W., Ithaca, N. Y.: 
Marmoset. 

Wuirtr, Mrs. A. C., New York City: 
Zebra Finch. 

Wuirre, Mrs. Sranrorp, St. James, L. I.: 
Snapping Turtle. 

Wituiams, J. Warner, Tampa, Fla.: 
Alligator. 

Winiramson, W. R., Tuckahoe, N. Y.: 
Alligator. 

Wutson, F. M., New Rochelle, N. Y.: 
Screech Owl. 

Witson, Mrs. M., New York City: 
Chameleon. 

WincHERMAN, W. S., New York City: 
Sphinx Baboon. 

Wo tverton, SAMvEL, Scarsdale, N. Y.: 
White Runt Pigeon. 

Woest, Henry, New York City: 
Horned Toad. 


Plants 


BY GIFT. 


Baxtcom, Mrs. I., New York City: 
Rubber Plant. 


National Collection of Geads and Horns 
BY GIFT 


AsBercroMBIE, Davin T., New York City: 

Panama White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus rothschildi). Antlers. 
Appireron, Cor. H., Victoria, British Columbia: 

Tian Shan Wapiti (Cervus canadensis asiaticus). Antlers. 


158 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Brower, Crarves D., Barrow, Alaska: 
Musk-Ox Skull and Horns. Mammoth Molar ‘Tooth. Mastodon Molar Tooth. 
Grant, Mavison, New York City: 
Columbian Mountain Goat (Oreamnos montanus columbianus). Mounted 
Head. 
Harrison, Hon. Francis Burron, Manila, P. L.: 
Luzon Sambar Deer (Cervus philippinus). ‘Two pairs of Antlers. Philip- 
pine Carabao (Bos bubalis). Pair of Mounted Heads. 
MacDovear, Dr. Daniret T., Tucson, Ariz.: 
California Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus californicus). Antlers. 


BY PURCHASE. 


Irish Elk (Megaceros hibernicus). Antlers. 


Library 


AmeriCAN Game Protective AND Propacation Association, New York City: 

American Pheasant Breeding and Shooting, by E. A. Quarles. 

Brivis Museum or Natura History, The Trustees of the, London, England: 

Fresh Water Fishes of Africa. Vol. IIT. Ungulate Mammals in the British 
Museum of Natural History. Guide to the Fossil Remains of Man. 

Forsusu, E. H., Boston, Mass.: 

Report of Mass. State Board of Agriculture on the Gypsy Moth. 8 Annual 
Reports of the State Ornithologist. 13 Separate Papers on Bird Pro- 
tection. 

Grant, Mapison, New York City: 

The Country of the Dwarfs, by Paul du Chaillu. My Apingi Kingdom, 
by Paul du Chaillu. Lost in the Jungle, by Paul du Chaillu. Wild 
Life Under the Equator, by Paul du Chaillu. Stories of the Gorilla 
Country, by Paul du Chaillu. The Man Among the Monkeys, by Poly- 
dorus Marasquin. Martin’s Natural History. Merry’s Museum. Curi- 
osities of Entomology. 

Orrice Nationat Des Untversires er Ecores Francatses, Paris, France: 

La Science Francaise. Vols. I and II. 


AT THE AQUARIUM 
BY PURCHASE. 


During the year 2,652 specimens were purchased by the 
New York Zoological Society, as follows: 


Fourteen Muttonfishes, 1 Sandfish, 8 Sea Catfishes, 19 Grass Porgies, 4 
Graysby, 35 Blue-striped Grunts, 28 Gray Snappers, 6 Red Groupers, 9 Nassau 
Groupers, 1 Brown Moray, 5 Spotted Morays, 1 Green Moray, 15 Spadefishes, 11 
Salema, 81 Blue Heads, 81 Iridios, 9 Dog Snappers, 4 Yellow Tails, 1 Ocean 
Triggerfish, 3 Nurse Sharks, 1 Squirrelfish, 1 Batfish, 8 Margates, 1 Barracuda, 
4 Silver Gars, 4 Silver Moonfishes, 1 Neverbite, 176 Beau Gregories, 92 Blue 
Angelfishes, 1 Queen Angelfish, 81 Black Angelfishes, 2 French Angelfishes, 69 
Slippery Dicks, 2 Red Parrotfishes, 62 Rainbow Parrotfishes, 15 Blue Parrot- 
fishes, 3 Mud Parrotfishes, 2 Grunts, 62 White Grunts, 4 Gray Grunts, 75 Yel- 
low Grunts, 9 Bronze Grunts, 10 Leatherfishes, 42 Black-tailed Grunts, 67 Tom 
Tates, 114 Porkfishes, 36 Spot Snappers, 13 Schoolmasters, 1 Sand Grouper, 2 
Anglers, 3 Flounders, 1 Rockfish, 7 Littlehead Porgies, 6 Jewfishes, 4 Scamp, 144 
Spiny Boxfishes, 1 Mackerel, 24 Sergeant Majors, 15 Rock Hinds, 1 Marbled 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 159 


Hamlet, 2 Four Eyes, 6 Southern Puffers, 1 Queen Triggerfish, 2 Pilotfishes, 
9 Red Hogfishes, 15 Cowfishes, 5 Surgeonfishes, 1 Blue Tang, 12 Common Trig- 
gerfishes, 2 Amberfishes, 2 Octopi, 7 Pinfishes, 7 Black Groupers, 1 Brown 
Gregory, 4 Butterflyfishes, 6 Scorpionfishes, 6 Buffalo Trunkfishes, 1 Trunkfish, 
5 Chubbs, 2 Red Hinds, 9 Jolthead Porgies, 1 Sharp-nosed Puffer, 15 Codfishes, 
2 Pompano, 1 Broad Shad, 9 Pike Perch, 2 Sunfishes, 10 Catfishes, 8 Suckers, 6 
Small-mouthed Black Bass, 14 Yellow Perch, 6 Sharp-nosed Sturgeon, I Lump- 
fish, 1 Blue Shark, 1 Blunt-nosed Shark, 1 Brown Shark, 13 Sea Horses, 2 Sand 
Sharks, 10 Yellow Mackerel, 9 Crevalle, 4 Blackfishes, 1 Sting Ray, 1 Eagle 
Ray, 4 Orange Filefishes, 63 Smooth Dogfishes, 2 Spined Dogfishes, 23 Shark 
Suckers, 52 Eels, 46 Croakers, 4 Striped Bass, 123 Red-winged Sea Robins, 68 
Weakfishes, 2 Puffers, 23 Bluefishes, 41 Menhaden, 30 Prickly Skates, 9 Barn- 
door Skates, 8 Flukes, 33 Spots, 1 Rabbitfish, 26 Hakes, 7 Slimy Toadfishes, 
3 Hammerhead Sharks, 7 Lebias, 1 Killyfish, | Manatee, 12 Hellbenders, 25 Mud- 
puppies, 5 Conchs, 4 Painted Turtles, 1 Troost’s Terrapin, 12 Yellow-bellied 
Slider Terrapin, 10 Cumberland Terrapin, 14 Side-necked Turtles, 1 Mata Mata 
Turtle, 2 Hawksbill Turtles, 1 Wood Turtle, 1 Cubbyu, 1 Riddlings Turtle, 9 
Soft Shelled Turtles, 2 Loggerhead Turtles, 1 Green Turtle, 21 Stone Crabs, 9 
Hermit Crabs, 30 Blue Crabs, 9 Spider Crabs, 75 Land Crabs, 38 Land Hermit 
Crabs, 3 Red Hermit Crabs, 3 Box Crabs, 44 Spiny Lobsters, 12 Lobsters, 1 
Giant Lobster, 2 Locust Lobsters, 1 Pelican. 


BY GIFT. 


In the same period 369 specimens were donated to the New 
York Zoological Society, as follows: 


One Rabbitfish, 2 Sea Horses, 2 Muttonfishes, 1 Dogfish, 24 Rainbow ‘Trout, 
31 Brook Trout, 1 Lamprey Eel, 1 Goldfish, 1 Deepsea Shark, 1 Peristedion 
minniatum, 20 Scallops, 79 Mussels, 44 Alligators, 5 Green Turtles, 21 Painted 
Turtles, 1 Yellow-bellied Slider Terrapin, 5 Box Turtles, 1 Diamond-backed 
Terrapin, 1 Florida Terrapin, | Muhlenberg Turtle, 1 Gopher, 1 Cumberland 
Terrapin, 2 Lobsters, 20 Crayfishes, 3 Mantis Shrimp, 12 Side-necked Tur- 
tles, 1 Centipede, 4 Leopard Frogs, 7 Bull Frogs, 15 Snapping Turtles, 8 
Spotted Turtles, 4 Land Hermit Crabs, 31 Orchid Crabs, 1 Chameleon, 1 Water 
Snake, 10 Newts, 5 Porpoises. 


The total of 3,021 specimens were received during the year 
by purchase and donation. 


BY EXCHANGE. 


Detrorr Aquarium, Belle Isle, Detroit, Michigan: 
10 Common Suckers, 5 Red-horse Suckers, 5 Pike Perch, 25 Sheepshead, 26 
Rock Bass, 25 Bullheads, 5 Burbot, 5 Pike, 11 Gar Pike, 19 Pickerel, 
3 Spotted Catfishes, 3 Stone Catfishes, 1 Chubb Sucker, 1 Mud Fish, J 
Muskalunge. 
Simpson, Mr. D. A., New York City: 
2 sea horses and 6 Soft-shelled Turtles. 
Unity Hatcuery, Copake, N. Y. (Through Mr. E. C. Brown). 
10 Pickerel. 


Che Aquarium Library 


BY GIFT. 


American Museum or Narurat History, New York City: 
Annual Report and Journal. 


160 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Brooktyn Institute or Arts AND Sciences, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Annual Report, Museum News and Quarterly. 
Carnecie Instirurion or Wasuinoton, Washington, D. C.: 
Special Papers. 
Cuitpren’s Museum, Bedford Bark, Brooklyn, N. Y.: 
Bulletin for 1916. 
JENNINGS, Mr. G. E., New York City: 
“Fishing Gazette.” 
Nationat Museum, Washington, D. C.: 
Bulletin for 1916. 
SmirHsONIAN Institution, Washington, D. C.: 
Special Papers for 1916. 
U. S. Bureau or Fisuertes, Washington, D. C.: 
Report and Bulletins for 1916. 
Wineate, Mr. Haroxtp, New York City: 
Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences. 


CHARTER 


OF THE 
NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 
CHAPTER 435, LAWS OF 1895. 


AN ACT to incorporate the New York Zoological Society and to provide for the 
establishment of a zoological garden in the city of New York. 
As amended by Chapter 146 of the Laws of 1902; and by Chapter 240 of the 
Laws of 1910. 


See Chapter 432 of the Laws of 1900, 
See Chapter of the city of New York, Section 626 of the Laws of 1901. 


The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, 
do enact as follows: 


Secrion 1. Charles A. Dana, Oswald Ottendorfer, Andrew H. Green, William 
H. Webb, Henry H. Cook, Samuel D. Babcock, Charles R. Miller, George G. 
Haven, J. Hampden Robb, Frederick W. DeVoe, J. Seaver Page, Rush C. Haw- 
kins, David James King, Wager Swayne, Charles A. Peabody, Jr., Charles E. 
Whitehead, Charles R. Flint, Samuel Parsons, Jr., Mornay Williams, Henry E. 
Gregory, Isaac W. Maclay, Isaac Rosenwald, Hugh N. Camp, Andrew D. Parker, 
Cornelius Van Cott, William F. Havemeyer, Frederick Shonnard, William W. 
Thompson, Alexander Hadden, Edward L. Owen, John H. Starin, Rush S. Huide- 
koper, William W. Goodrich, Albert H. Gallatin, Frederick S. Church, Edward 
C. Spitzka, Robert L. Niles, Madison Grant, C. Grant La Farge, William Van 
Valkenburg, and such other persons as may, under the provisions of its by-laws, 
become members of the corporation hereby created, are hereby created a body 
corporate and politic, by and under the name of the New York Zoological Society. 


Sec. 2. Said corporation shall have power to establish, maintain and control 
zoological parks, gardens, or other collections for the promotion of zoology and 
kindred subjects, and for the instruction and recreation of the people. Said cor- 
poration may collect, hold, and expend funds for zoological research and publica- 
tion, for the protection of wild animal life, and for kindred purposes, and may 
promote, form, and co-operate with other associations with similar purposes, and 
may purchase, sell, or exchange animals, plants, and specimens appropriate to the 
objects for which it was created. 


Sec. 3. The managers of said corporation shall have power to make and 
adopt by-laws for the management and government of its affairs and business, 
for the admission, suspension, and expulsion of its members, and for the terms 
and conditions of membership; to prescribe the number and mode of election of 
its officers; to define their duties; to provide for the safe-keeping of its property, 
and from time to time to alter and modify its By-laws. 


Sec. 4. The affairs and business of said corporation shall be managed and 
controlled by a board of managers, the number of whom shall be prescribed by 
the by-laws. The first board of managers shall be divided by lot into three 
classes, equal in number, one of which classes shall hold office for one year, an- 
other for two years, and the other for three years; and all persons elected to be 
managers at any subsequent election shall hold office for three years, and until 
others are elected in their stead. There shall be a president, two vice-presidents, 
treasurer and secretary, to be elected by the board of managers annually, who 
shall hold office until others are elected in their stead. The first meeting under 


162 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


this act may be held at any time upon a notice of five days, signed by any five 
of the incorporators named in the first section of this act, fixing a time and place 
for such meeting, a copy whereof shall be mailed to each of said incorporators at 
his usual post-office address, and twelve of such incorporators shall be a quorum 
for the purpose of organization, adoption of by-laws, and election of officers. No 
manager of said corporation shall be interested, directly or indirectly, in any con- 
tract concerning its property or affairs. 


Sec. 5. Said corporation may raise money by the issue of bonds, secured 
by a mortgage on any or all of its property not acquired from said city or state. 


Sec. 6. Said corporation may take, purchase, and hold real and personal 
estate necessary for the purpose of its incorporation, and shall possess the general 
powers and be subject to the restrictions and liabilities prescribed in Article II 
of Chapter 23 of the Consolidated Laws, entitled “General Corporaton Law,” 
being chapter 28 of the Laws of 1909. 


Sec. 7. The commissioners of the sinking fund of the said city are authorized 
in their discretion to allot, set apart, and appropriate for the use of said corpora- 
tion, any of the lands belonging to said city north of One Hundred and Fifty- 
fifth street, but not in the Central Park, and such appropriation may be revoked 
if, after the expiration of five years from the passage of the act, a zoological 
garden is not established thereon; said grounds thus set apart and appropriated 
shall be used for no purpose whatsoever except those aforesaid. As soon as any 
lands are set apart the Mayor of the said city of New York, and the President 
of the Department of Parks of said city, shall become and be ex-officio members 
of the board of managers of said corporation. If at any time the animals now 
composing the menagerie at Central Park shall be removed therefrom by the 
authorities having charge thereof, said authorities may make an arrangement 
with the incorporators named in this act or the corporation formed by them for 
leasing or sale of such animals to such incorporators or corporation, and said 
incorporators or corporation shall have a preference over any other person or 
corporation in respect thereto upon the same terms which said authorities could 
make with any such other person or corporation, or upon such other terms as to 
such authorities may seem proper, but nothing herein provided shall be construed 
as giving the commissioners of the Department of Public Parks authority to sell, 
lease, transfer, or in any other wise dispose of said animals or other property 
connected with or belonging to said menagerie. 


Sec. 8. Admission to the said gardens shall be free to the public for at least 
four days, one of which shall be Sunday, in each week, subject to such rules and 
regulations as shall be prescribed by said corporation. 


Sec. 9. This act shall take effect immediately. 


NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


AND THE 


NEW YORK AQUARIUM 
CHAPTER 441, LAWS OF 1902. 


AN ACT to authorize a Yurther appropriation to the New York Zoological 
Society for the support of the New York Aquarium. 


As amended by Chapter 239 of the Laws of 1910. 
The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, 
do enact as follows: 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 163 


Chapter four hundred and forty-one of the laws of nineteen hundred and two, 
entitled “An act to authorize a further appropriation to the New York Zoological 
Society for the support of the New York Aquarium,” is hereby amended to read 
as follows: 


Section 1. The Board of Estimate and Apportionment of the City of New 
York may annually, in its discretion, include in the budget for the then next en- 
suing financial year, in addition to any sum or sums which may be appropriated 
for the adequate support and maintenance of the New York Zoological Park or 
gardens, situated in the borough of the Bronx, and administered and controlled 
by the New York Zoological Society, a further sum or sums, in its discretion, for 
the use of the said New York Zoological Society, provided, however, that the addi- 
tional appropriation hereby authorized shall be made only in case an agreement 
is entered into between the said New York Zoological Society and the City of New 
York, acting by its Board of Estimate and Apportionment for the adequate keep- 
ing, maintenance, extension, preservation and exhibition of the building and ap- 
proaches thereto and collection of aquatic animals and plants contained therein, 
known as the New York Aquarium, situated in the Battery park in the Borough 
of Manhattan in said city, and also for furnishing opportunities for study, re- 
search and publication in connection with said collections, which contract the said 
Board of Estimate and Apportionment is hereby expressly authorized, in its 
discretion, to make upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon with 
the said New York Zoological Society, and which contract shall also provide how 
the duty of the commissioner of parks for the borough of Manhattan and Rich- 
mond in respect to maintaining the said aquarium now imposed upon him by 
law shall be performed. 


Sec. 2. This act shall take effect immediately. 


BY-LAWS 
OF THE 


NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


AMENDED TO JANUARY 21, 1914. 


ARTICLE I. 
MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 


Section 1. The office and place of business of the New York Zoological 
Society shall be in the City of New York, unless otherwise ordered. 

Sec. 2. The Society shall hold its annual meeting for the election of Man- 
agers, and other business, on the second ‘Tuesday of January, or such day there- 
after during the month of January to which said annual meeting shall adjourn. 

Sec. 3. Special meetings of the Society shall be called by the Secretary, upon 


the request of the President or the Chairman of the Executive Committee, or at 
the written request of ten members. 


Sec. 4. Notices of all meetings shall be mailed to each member of the Society 
at least three days before such meeting. 


Sec. 5. At meetings of the Society twenty members shall constitute a quorum. 
Sec. 6. ~The order of business shall be as follows: 

Roll Call. 

Reading of minutes not previously read. 

3. Report of Executive Committee. 

4, Report of Secretary. 


woe 


5. Report of Treasurer. 

6. Report of the Director of the Zoological Park. 
Report of Director of the Aquarium. 

8. Election of Managers. 

9. Communications. 

10. Miscellaneous business. 

11. Reports and resolutions. 


ARTICLE II. 


BOARD OF MANAGERS. 


Sec. 1. The Board of Managers shall consist of thirty-six members, together 
with the Mayor of New York and President of the Park Board, or Commissioner 
for the Bronx, who shall be members ew-officio of the Board. 


Sec. 2. Nineteen Managers shall constitute a quorum, but ten Managers may 
transact current business, and adjourn, subject to the subsequent approval of a 
meeting at which a quorum shall be present. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 165 


Sec. 3. The Board of Managers shall hold an annual meeting on the third 
Tuesday of January, or on such day thereafter to which said annual meeting shall 
adjourn. Regular meetings of the Board may also be called by the Secretary on 
the third Tuesdays of October and April upon the request of the President or 
Chairman of the Executive Committee. Special meetings of the Board shall be 
called at any time by the Secretary upon the request of the President or Chair- 
man of the Executive Committee, or at the written request of five Managers. 


Sec. 4. Notices of meetings of the board shall be mailed to each Manager 
at least three days before such meetings. 


Sec. 5. The successors to the outgoing class of Managers shall be elected by 
the Society at its annual meeting, but vacancies in the board may be filled for the 
unexpired term by the Board of Managers, or by the Executive Committee. 


Sec. 6. A Nominating Committee shall be annually appointed by the Execu- 
tive Committee, and shall consist of three members of the Society at large, who 
shall nominate and post ten days before the annual election the names of twelve 
persons to succeed the outgoing class of Managers in a conspicuous place in the 
office of the Society. 


Sec. 7. No person shall be eligible for the election of the Board of Managers, 
except to fill vacancies, unless his name shall have been posted as a candidate 
by such committee, or by not less than ten members, in writing, in a conspicuous 
place in the office of the Society ten days before the annual election, All candi- 
dates for election as Managers must be Life Members, Patrons, .\ssociate Found- 
ers, or Founders of the Society. 


Sec. 8. Any Manager who shall fail to attend three consecutive meetings of 
the Board, unless excused by a vote of the Board, shall cease to be a Manager. 


Sec. 9. The Board of Managers shall at its annual meeting elect a President, 
two Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and Treasurer, who shall hold office for one 
year, or until their successors are elected. The President, Vice-Presidents, and 
Treasurer shall be members of the Board. 


Sec. 10. The Director of the Zoological Park, the Director of the Aquarium, 
and all other persons employed by the Society, shall be appointed by the Board 
or by the Executive Committee, and shall hold office during the pleasure of the 
Board. 


Sec. 11. The Board shall, at its annual meeting, elect an Executive Com- 
mittee and Auditing Committee, which shall hold office for one year, or until 
their successors are elected. The Board of Managers and the Executive Com- 
mittee shall also have authority to appoint such other Committees or officers as 
they may at any time deem desirable, and to delegate to them such powers as 
may be necessary. 


Sec. 12. The order of business of the meetings of the Board shall be as 
follows: - 


1. Roll Call. 

2. Reading of minutes not previously read. 
3. Report of Executive Committee. 

4. Report of Secretary. 

5. Report of Treasurer, 

6. Report of Auditing Committee. 

7. Report of Director of Zoological Park. 
8. Report of the Director of the Aquarium. 
9. Election of Officers. 


166 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


10. Election of Committees. 
11. Election of new members. 
12. Communications. 

13. Miscellaneous business. 


Sec. 13. All reports and resolutions shall be in writing, and the ayes and 
nays may be called on any resolution at the request of one Manager. 


Sec. 14. Whenever the funds of the Society shall permit, the Board of Man- 
agers or the Executive Committee may award medals or other prizes for merito- 
rious work connected with the objects of the Society. 


ARTICLE III. 
OFFICERS. 


Sec. 1. The officers of the Society shall consist of a President, two Vice- 
Presidents, a Treasurer, a Secretary, and a Director of the Zoological Park. 
These officers, with the exception of the Director, shall be elected at the annual 
meeting of the Board of Managers, but any vacancy may be filled for an unex- 
pired term by the Board of Managers, or by the Executive Committee, until the 
next annual election. 


Sec. 2. The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board and of the 
Society, and shall be ex-officio a member of the Executive and Auditing Com- 
mittees. 


Sec. 3. The Vice-Presidents shall, in the absence of the President, perforns 
his duties and possess his powers, acting in the order of their election. 


Src. 4. The Treasurer shall receive, collect and hold, subject to the order 
of the Board of Managers, or the Executive Committee, all dues, subscriptions, 
warrants from the City, fees and securities. He shall pay all bills as ordered by 
the Board of Managers or the Executive Committee, and shall report to the 
Society at its annual meeting, and to the Board of Managers at all regular meet- 
ings, and to the Executive Committee at each meeting. He shall keep all moneys 
and securities in some bank or trust company to be approved by the Board of 
Managers or Executive Committee. The books of the Society shall at all times 
be open to the inspection of the Managers. 


Sec. 5. The Secretary shall be a salaried officer of the Society. He shall be 
present, unless otherwise relieved by the Board or Executive Committee, at all 
meetings of the Society, of the Board and of the Standing Committees. He shall 
keep a careful record of all proceedings, shall have the custody of the seal, 
archives and books, other than books of account, and shall conduct the corre- 
spondence of the Society. He shall issue all notices and tickets, and shall per- 
form such other duties as the Board may direct. He shall be a member ex-officio 
of the Executive, Aquarium, and Auditing Committees, and of the Scientific 
Council. 


Sec. 6. The Director of the Zoological Park shall be elected annually by the 
Executive Committee at a salary to be determined by said Committee, and shall 
hold office until removed or his successor chosen by said Committee. He shall 
be the responsible administrative officer of the Park, and shall recommend to 
the Executive Committee candidates for the various positions in the Park. He 
shall also perform all such other duties in connection with the business, scientific, 
and literary administration of the Society as may be assigned to him by the 
Executive Committee. 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 167 


vy 


Sec. 7. The Director of the Aquarium shall be elected annually by the 
Executive Committee and shall hold office until removed or his successor is 
chosen by said Committee. He shall be the responsible administrative officer of 
the Aquarium, and shall recommend to the Executive Committee all candidates 
for positions in the Aquarium, The director of the Aquarium shall be ex-officio 
a member and Chairman of the Aquarium Committee. He shall perform such 
other duties in connection with the Aquarium as may be assigned to him by the 
Executive Committee. 


ARTICLE IV. 
COMMITTEES. 


Sec. 1. There shall be two standing committees, the Executive Committee 
and the Auditing Committee, which shall hold office for one year or until their 
successors are elected. 


Sec. 2. The Executive Committee shall consist of seven Managers, together 
with the President and Secretary of the Society ex-officio. Four members shall 
constitute a quorum, and all meetings shall be called by the Chairman. The 
Executive Committee shall fill all vacancies in its own number and shall have the 
full powers of the Board of Managers, except so far as such delegation of power 
may be contrary to law. 


Sec. 3. The Executive Committee shall have the control and regulation of 
the collections, library, and all other property of the Society, and shall have 
power to purchase, sell, and exchange specimens and books, to employ and control 
all officials and employees of the Society, Park, and Aquarium, and generally 
to carry out in detail the directions of the Board of Managers and the terms of 
any contract between the City, or Park Board, and the Society. 


Sec. 4. All the rules and regulations for the examination of applicants tor 
the various positions in the Park and Aquarium shall be made or approved by 
the Executive Committee. 


Sec. 5. The Executive Committee may regulate the auditing and payment 
for all current accounts. 


Sec. 6. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint an Aquarium Com- 
mittee, whose duties and powers are set forth in Section II of Article IV of 
these By-Laws. 


Src. 7. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint a Nominating Com- 
mittee, whose duties and powers are set forth in Sections 6 and 7, Article II, of 
these By-Laws. 


Sec. 8. It shall also appoint a Scientific Council, whose powers and duties 
are set forth in Section 2 of Article V of these By-Laws. 


Sec. 9. The Committee shall make a written report at each regular meeting 
of the Board of Managers. 


Sec. 10. The Auditing Committee shall consist of three regular members of 
the Society, in addition to the President and Secretary, members ex-officio, and 
vacancies shall be filled by the Executive Committee. It shall be the duty of 
the Auditing Committee to audit, annually, the accounts of the Treasurer, of the 
Director of the Zoological Park, and of the Director of the Aquarium, and any 
other accounts of the Society, and shall report to the Board of Managers at its 
annual meeting. 


Sec. 11. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint an Aquarium 
Committee, not to exceed eight members of this Society, who shall hold office until 


168 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


their successors are chosen. All vacancies shall be filled by the Executive Com- 
mittee. The Director of the Aquarium shall be ea-officio a member and the 
Chairman of the Aquarium Committee, and such Committee may vest in him 
any or all of its powers. The Chairman of the Executive Committee and the 
Secretary of the Society shall also be ev-officio members of the Aquarium Com- 
mittee. Three members shall constitute a quorum. The Executive Committee 
may delegate to the Aquarium Committee such powers as it may deem proper. 


ARTICLE V. 
SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL. 


Sec. 1. The Executive Committee shall annually appoint a Scientific Council 
of not more than ten members, and shall fill all vacancies. Members of the 
Council shall hold office until their successors are appointed. 


Sec. 2. The duties of the Council shall be to act as an advisory board in all 
matters pertaining to the scientific administration of the Society, and especially 
as to the scientific features of the Park, the promotion of zoology by publications 
and otherwise, and the preservation of the native fauna of America. 


Sec. 3. Four members, including the Chairman, shall constitute a quorum. 
The Chairman shall be elected annually by the Council. The Chairman of the 
Executive Committee and the Secretary of the Society shall be members ew-officio 
of the Council. 


ARTICLE VI. 


MEMBERS. 


Src. 1. The present members and such others as shall become associated 
with them, under the conditions prescribed by the By-Laws, shall be members of 
this Society as long as they shall comply with the By-Laws. 


Src. 2. Members failing to comply with these By-Laws, or for other good 
and sufficient cause, may be expelled from the Society by the Executive Com- 
mittee. 


Sec. 3. Candidates for membership shall be proposed and seconded by mem- 
bers of the Society. The name, occupation, and place of residence of every 
member as proposed shall be submitted for election to the Board of Managers or 
the Executive Committee, and such person, when elected, shall become a member 
upon payment of the annual dues, or of the fees as prescribed below. 


Src. 4. There shall be a class known as Fellows, which shall consist of 
members of the Society who have rendered marked services to science, and shall 
be chosen by the Executive Committee. The privileges of Fellows shall be in all 
respects the same as those of regular members of the Society, but they shall be 
exempt from the payment of annual dues. 


Src. 5. The annual dues shall be ten dollars, payable in advance, on the 
first day of May of each year, but the Executive Committee may remit the dues 
for the current year in the case of members elected between January Ist and 
May Ist of each year. The classes of membership shall be as follows: 

Sec. 6. The payment of $200 at one time shall constitute any member a Life 
Member. 

A member who has paid annual dues for a period of five years may there- 
after, at any time, upon the payment of the difference between the amount of 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 169 


dues already paid and $200, become a Life Member, but such payment shall 
not less than $100. 


Sec. 7. The payment of $1,000 at one time, or in the case of a Life Member, 
of $800, shall constitute any member a Patron. 


Sec. 8. The payment of $2,500 at one time, or in the case of a Patron of 
$1,500, or of a Life Member of $2,300, shall constitute any member an Associate 
Founder. 


Src. 9. Any member who shall donate to the Society $5,000, or property 
of equal value, or any Associate Founder who shall donate $2,500, or any Patron 
who shall donate $4,000, may be elected by the Board of Managers or Executive 
Committee a Founder. 


Sec. 10. Any member who shall have donated to the Society ten thousand 
dollars ($10,000), or its equivalent, may be elected by the Board of Managers 
or the Executive Committee a Founder in Perpetuity. Such Founder in Per- 
petuity shall have the power to designate by a last will and testament his suc- 
cessor, who shall thereupon be entitled to all the rights and privileges of the 
original Founder in Perpetuity, including the right of designating in turn his 
successor, 


Sec. 11, Any member who shall have donated to the Society $25,000, or its 
equivalent, may be elected by the Board of Managers, or the Executive Committee, 
a Benefactor. Benefactors shall have the rights and privileges of a Founder in 
Perpetuity. 


Sec. 12. Persons who have rendered marked service in the science of zoology 
or natural history may be elected Honorary Members, but not more than three 
such Honorary Members shall be elected in any one calendar year. 


Sec. 13. A resident member who shall have rendered marked scientific or 
professional services to the Society in any branch of its work may be elected by 
the Executive Committee a Life Metnber, Patron, Associate Founder, or Founder. 
A resident of New York who shall have rendered marked service in zoology or 
natural history may be elected by the Executive Committee a Permanent Rellow 


Sec. 14. Non-residents who communicate valuable information to the Society, 
or who have rendered marked service in the science of zoology or natural history, 
may be elected Corresponding Members. 


Sec. 15. Benefactors, Founders in Perpetuity, Founders, Associate Found- 
ers, Patrons, Life Members, Honorary Members, Permanent Fellows, Fellows, 
and Corresponding Members shall be exempt from annual dues. 


ARTICLE VII. 


PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERS. 


Sec. 1. A member’s ticket admits the member and his immediate family to 
the Park on reserve days, and to all lectures and special exhibitions, and may be 
used by the member’s immediate family, and shall be good for the current year. 


Sec. 2. Admission tickets to the Park and Aquarium on reserve days are 
issued to members for distribution, and are good for the current year. 


Src. 3. Each member of the Society is entitled annually to a member's ticket 
and to ten admission tickets. 


Sec. 4. Each member shall also receive one copy of the catalogue or hand- 
book, the report and official publication of the Society, and shall have all the 
privileges of the Library and Members’ Building. 


170 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


Sec. 5. No member shall be entitled to the privileges enumerated in this 
Article unless his annual dues shall have been paid. 


Sec. 6. The Life Members shall have all the privileges of members and ten 
additional admission tickets. 


Sec. 7. Benefactors, Founders in Perpetuity, Founders, Associate Founders 
and Patrons shall have all the privileges of Life Members, and shall in addition 
receive copies of all scientific works published by the Society. 


Src. 8. Any member who shall fail to pay his annual dues within three 
months after the same shall have become due, and after notice of thirty days, by 
mail, shall cease to be a member of the Society; subject, however, to reinstatement 
by the Board of Managers or Executive Committee for good cause shown. 


Sec. 9. Any person elected to membership who shall fail to qualify within 
three months after notice of his election shall be considered te have declined his 
election; but such term may be extended by the Board of Managers, or Executive 
Committee. 


ARTICLE VIII. 
FINANCES. 


Sec. 1. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be the calendar year com- 
mencing January Ist and ending December 31st. 


Sec. 2. Neither the Society nor any of its Managers or Officers shall con- 
tract any debt which, with existing debts, shall exceed in amount the funds then 
in the Treasury, except to meet expenditures for which the City is liable, and for 
which the Society will be reimbursed by warrants from the Comptroller’s office. 


ARTICLE IX. 
AMENDMENTS. 


Sec. 1. Amendments to these By-Laws may be proposed, in writing, at any 
meeting of the Board of Managers, and adopted by unanimous consent of the 
Managers present, or if such proposed amendment shall fail to receive unanimous 
consent, the Secretary shall, with the notices of the next meeting, send a copy 
of it to each Manager and state that it will be brought up for action at such 
meeting, when it may be passed by a majority vote. 


Iudex 


(Figures in parentheses refer to illustrations. ) 


ACCESSIONS, Capwaxaper, John L., 46 
Aquarium, 158 Carnegie, Andrew, 47, 50, 51, 68, 71 
library, 159 Louise, 50, 71 
Park, 150 Catarrhal fever, infections, Sl 
heads and horns, 157 Cerero, R. L., 44 
library, 158 Charter, 161 
Actinomycosis, $1 Clark, Geo. C., 45, 55 
Administration, dept. of, 98 Coe, Wm. R., 45 
Agriculture, U. S. dept., 63 Collections, 
American Museum, 74, 88, 118 Aquarium, 40 
Animal market, 62 Park, 38 
Appleton, Col. H., 49 summary of, 89 
Aquarium, Converse, Edmund C., 37, 50, 68, 71 
exhibition tanks, (122) (124) Costain, KE. A., 88 
exhibits, 126 Costain; i) Els 91 
front elevation, (128) Crandall, Lee S., 82 
ground plan, (128) Crane, white-necked, (83) 
improvements, 123 Cutter, Victor M., 83 
laboratory work, 129 Cuyler, Eleanor de G., 45 
report of director of, 121 
Archbold, John D., 45, 50, 71 
Art gallery, 47 Davison, Mrs. H. P., 45 
Attendance, De Nyse, W. I., 131 
Aquarium, 38, 130 de Rham, H. C., 59 
Park, 38, 61 DeWellworth, Wm., 92 
Auditing, 57, 99 Dickerman, Watson B., 45, 47, 49, 55 
committee, 149 Dieterich, C. F., 47 
Auditor, 148 Distemper, 79 
Ditmars, R. L., 40, 57, 73, 87 
Baker, George F., 47, 50, 71 Dodge, C. H., 47, 50, 55, 68 
Bates, Dr. W. H., 130 Douglas, James, 45 
Beebe, William, 40, 53, 61, 82, 89, 98, Drinking fountain, (48) 
113 
Bell, E. L., 89 
Beerbower, George M., 105 Exernant, strength of, (90) 
Birds, dept. of, 82 Engineering, dept. of, 105 
census of, 85 Estimate, board of, 67 
Births, list of, 74, 75 Executive commitee, report of, 37, 50, 
Blair, C. Ledyard, 55 il 
Blair, Dr. W: R., 72; 717 Expedition, Loring, 39, 63 
Boat House, (100) tropical research, 40 
dam, blasting, (104) 
landing, (106) 
Boating, 101 Farmers’ Loan and Trust Co., 44 
Bourne, F. G., 47, 55 Finances, 43 
Boury, Louis, 45 Ford, James B., 45 
Brazil, Dr. Vital, 53, 88, 89 Fund, 
Brewster, Robert S., 50 animal, 41, 45, 46, 138 
Bronx Parkway Com., 57 Cadawalader, 142 
Brewer, Charles D., 49 art gallery, 146 
Bulletin, 109 endowment, 43, 46, 141 


By-laws, 164 income account, 142 


172 NEW YORK ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY 


ground improvement, 136 Maintenance, 
heads and horns, 139 Aquarium, 43 

building, 147 Park, 41, 95 
improvement and repair, park, 51, Mammal Department, 73 

143 census of, 75 

income account, 44, 51, 134 deaths, 81 
library, 47, 140 Managers, board of, 9, 43, 68 
maintenance, 135 Marbled hamlet, (120) 

Aquarium, 140 Medical department, 53, 72 
pension, 44, 51, 144 Meetings, 55, 57 

income account, 144 Mellen, Ida, 127 
publication, 50, 147 Members, list of, 13, 37 
Stokes’ bird, 46, 139 Membership, summary of, 35 
tropical research, 47, 145 Merkel, Hermann W., 91, 98 
wild life protection, 50, 142 Mills, Ogden, 45, 47, 68 


Mitchell, H. R., 98 
William I., 98 

Morgan, J. P., 45 

Mowbray, L. L., 127 


Gamer Protection, 54, 71 
Gillam; ACE, *89. 
Gould, George J., 47 
Grant, Madison, 57 


Grinnell, George B., 55 Nicnots, Mrs. William G., 45 
Ground improvement, 91 Nesbit, Abram G., 45 
Guide book, 103 Newman, Anna, 108 


Osiruary, 37, 59 
Osborn, Henry Fairfield, 57 
William Church, 45 


Hamirroxn, Wm. Pierson, 68 
Hardy, Lamar, 65 

Harkness, Edward S., 47, 50, 68 
Harrison, Hon. F. B., 49 


Hartley, G. Inness, 53, 113 | Pueasanr Monograph, 52 
Rachel, 113 Photography, 108 
Harvey, Eli, 47 Prosector, report of, 132 
Heads and Horns, 49 Publication, 51, 103 
museum, 49, 69 department of, 108 
Hepburn, A. Barton, 37 Pyne, Percy R., 47, 55 
Hill, James, Jr., 59 Python, carpet, (86) 


Hornaday, W. T., 49, 54, 73 
Hospital, animal, 52, 72, 77, 91 
eaeee (76) (78) Rainsow trout, (110) 


operating room, (80) Receptions, 54 


Howes, Paul G., 53, 113 Bi hte peer 
Huntington, Dr. George S., 53, 133 director park, 61 


Reptiles, department of, 87 
census of, 89 


ImproveMENT and repair, 91 Restaurant, Rocking Stone, 101 
| Boat House, 102 
Joseru, Ellis S., 73, 77, 83 Roosevelt, Col. Theo., 113 


Rubbish war, 65 


: : Rungius, Carl, 47 
KanGaroo, island, (42) 


greater red, (64) 
Kuser, Col. Anthony R., 39, 50, 55, Sacre, Mrs. Russell, 50, 71 
84. Salaries, 67 
Sanborn, Elwin R., 108 
Schermerhorn, F. A., 50, 55, 5 
Schiff, Jacob H., 45, 50, 71 
Mortimer L., 47, 55, 68 


Lorine, J. Alden, 63, 77, 89 


McA Leenan, Joseph, 47 Schley, Grant B., 47, 68 
MeMillin, Emerson, 50, 55, 68 Semken, Dr., 88 


MacCallum, Dr. George A., 51, 129 Serum, rattlesnake, 53 


TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT 


Shepard, Mrs. Finley J., 45 
Snyder, Chas. E., 87 

Soda Water, 102 

Souvenir book, 103 

Stacey, Samuel, 82 

Stewart, Lispenard, 45, 47 
Store, co-operative, 43 
Sturgis, Frank K., 45, 47 


Taytor, Anna, 113 
Thompson, L. S., 45 
Mrs. Frederick Ferris, 50, 71 

Thorne, Samuel, 50, 71 

Tilford, Henry M., 45, 47 

Townsend, Chas. H., 121 

Treasurer’s report, 134 

Tropical research station, 53, 61, 74, 
82, 84, 89, 113 

Tuberculosis, 79 


Van der Smissen, Dr. G., 87 


Veterinarian, report of, 77 


Wapswortn, Austin, 55 
Wallaby, Agile, (60) 
Ward, Cabot, 65 
Whitfield, Henry D., 71 
Wild-fowl pond, (96) 
Wild Life Protection, 71 
Wild rice, (56) 
Withers, G. B., 113 


YersBy, W. J., 73 


Zootoaica, dl, 109 
Zoological park, officers of, 12 
Zoological Society, 

members of, 13 

officers of, 11 
Zoopathologica, 51, 111 


173 


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