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/m
Given By
Boston Street Dept,
3*
With Compliments of
iwrg 1)L (forte,
Superintendent of Streets.
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Boston Public Library
http://www.archive.org/details/annualreportofst1893bost
ANNUAL REPORT
STREET DEPARTMENT
CITY OF BOSTON.
189 3. V C$4 (9
BOSTON :
ROCKWELL AND CHURCHILL, CITY PRINTERS.
1894.
/n-3.
CONTENTS.
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF STREETS.
CENTRAL OFFICE.
PAGE
Central Office Division 2
Complaints 25
Expenses Central Office 2
Employment of Labor ....... 22
Financial Statement (General), 3
Grade and Number of Em-
ployees 23-24
Income 8
Laying Out and Construction
(new law) 7
List of Contracts 9-21
Organization 1
Recapitulation of Expenditures, 8
Special Appropriations 4-7
Bridge Division 26
Abolition of Grade Crossings. 34-38
Boston and Cambridge Bridges, 47
Broadway Bridge 46
Classification of Expenditures, 50
Canal or Craigie's Bridge .... 48
Chelsea Bridge 27
Court Decree 29
Draw Openings 51
Dover-Street Bridge 40
Harvard Bridge 48
In General 49
Prison-Point Bridge 49
Statement of Traffic over
Bridges 51
West Boston Bridge 49
West Fourth-Street Crossing, 38
PAGE
West Fourth-Street, Finding
of Commissioners 40-45
West Chester-Park Bridge ... 45
Paving Division 52
Areas of Pavements 53
Brick Sidewalks 69
Comments on Assessments. . . 69
Chap. 401 of the Acts of 1892, 70
Chap. 323 of the Acts of 1891, 71
Chap. 437 of the Acts of 1S93, 73
Distribution of Pavements ... 54
Edgestones and Sidewalks 68
Length of Accepted Streets
and Character of Pavements, 52-53
Pavements laid in 1891 55-58
Pavements laid in 1893 (Com-
ments) 59
Philadelphia Ordinance 74
Report of City Engineer on
Special Work 60-68
Street Openings 75
Streets Laid Out 52
Street-Watering 77
Contracts for Street-sprinkling, 80
Comments on Street-watering, 78
Distribution of Carts 82
Income 84
Money Expended, 1893 83
Money Expended for Last
Sixteen Years ; 84
Style of Water Carts 78
IV
CONTENTS.
PAGE
Summary of Day Work 79
Summary of Contract Work . 80
Summary of Work done 81
Water-posts 84
Work done at Expense of
Abutters . . . 80
Sanitary Division 86
Amount of House Offal Re-
moved (10 years) 86
Amount Ashes Kemoved (12
years) 98
Comparative Statement, Six-
teen Weeks in Winter and
Summer 99
Comments on Tow-boat and
Dumping-wharf 101-102
Collection and Disposal of
Offal 87
Capacity of Offal Wagons .... 97
Cremation of Offal 89
Disposition of Material 99
Experiments on Cremation of
Offal 91
Eoree Employed 97
General Discussion 96
New England Construction
Company 88
Eemoval of Ashes 98
Store Dirt 100
Tow-boat 101
The Brown Crematory. ...... 89
Sewer Division 103
Brighton District 1 09
Charlestown District 105
City Proper and Back Bay
District ..'. 106
Dorchester District 107
Diagrams 113
Dynamite 112
East Boston District 1 04
Intercepting Connections. . . . Ill
Laws and Ordinances concern-
ing Sewer Assessment .. . 114-127
PAGE
Main Drainage Works 110
Operation of Law of 1889 ... 133
Boxbury District 108
Sewer Assessments (Discus-
sion) 128
Sewer Assessments, 1878 132
Sewer Assessments, under Acts
of 1889-90 133-138
Sewer Assessments under Law
of 1892 139
South Boston District 106
Stony Brook 109
West Roxbury District 108
Street-Cleaning Division, 145
Average No. Men Employed. . 146
Ordinances and their Enforce-
ment 149
Plant 147
Push-cart Patrol 147
Public Slovenliness 149
Public Waste Barrels 149
Street Sweepings Removed (12
years) 148
Sweeping Districts 145
Smoke Nuisance 151
Chap. 353, Acts of 1893 153
Circular 155
Coking Arches 161
Down-draft Furnaces 157
Eurnaces with Hollow Walls. 161
General Remarks . 164
Instructions for firing 156
Ordinances 165
Remedies without using device, 163
Steam Jets 158
Conclusion 168
Street Department — Organi-
zation 169
CONTENTS.
APPENDIX A.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF BRIDGE
DIVISION. (Page 171.)
Appendix Al (Draw-tenders'
Report) 204
Appendix A2 (Width of Open-
ings) 206
Appendix A3 (Width of
Bridges) . . 208
Appendix A4 (List of Cul-
verts and Small Bridges) . . 209-213
Appendix A4, List of Culverts
and Small Bridges (Supple-
ment) 214-216
Appendix A6 (Statement of
Traffic) 217
Appendix A6 (Draw-tenders'
Report) 218
Appropriations and Expendi-
tures 173-174
Bridges wholly Supported by-
Boston 199
Bridges of which Boston Sup-
ports the Part within its
Limits 200
Bridges of which Boston Pays
a Part of the Cost of Main-
tenance 200
Bridges Supported by Railroad
Corporations 201-202
Cable-houses 173
Financial Statement — Regu-
lar Appropriations 173
Inland Bridges 187-193
List of Boston Bridges 199
Public Landing-places .... . 172
Recapitulation — Specials ... 198
Recapitulation Expenses on
Inland Bridges 193
Regular Maintenance Ex-
penses at the North and
South Yards 194-5
Recapitulation Expenses on
Tide-water Bridges 186
Special Work 172
Special Appropriations .... 196-198
Superintendent's Statement .. 171
Total Regular Expenditures . 174
Tide-water Bridges 174-185
VI
CONTENTS.
APPENDIX B.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF PAVING
DIVISION. (Page 221.)
Driveways, Block-stone, As-
phalt, and Gravel 265
Expenditures (Details) ...... 229
Execution of Courts, etc 229
Einancial Statement. ....... 226
Income 227
Laying Out and Construction
of Highways 259-261
New Edgestones 261
New Brick Sidewalks 263
Permits Issued 222
Property 265
Removal of Snow (Table) ... 233
Street Improvements (Alder-
manic Districts) 243-255
Summary of Expenditures
(Specials) 256-258
Street-watering Expenditures, 233
Schedule of Property 265
Street Numbers Assigned . . . 222
Streets Laid Out or Extended, 224
Streets Widened or Relocated, 225
Streets Discontinued 225
Schedule of Expenditures :
Schedule A 229
Schedule B 229
Schedule C 230
Schedule D 231-243
Table of Expenditures (38
years) .....' 221
Table of Expenses, Regular
Appropriation 2i^8
APPENDIX C.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF
SANITARY DIVISION. (Page 267.)
Amount Expended for Collec-
tion and Removal of House
Offal 269
Contracts 275
Contract for Refuse Cans . . . 276
Cost of Carts .... - 274
Cost of Horse-shoeing 274
Comparative Table, Collection
Garbage 271
Disposition of Material Col-
lected 271
Dumping-boats, Expenses of .. 273
Einancial Statement.. 267
Horse Account 281
House Offal 280
PAGE
House Dirt and Ashes 280
Hay and GraiD 277
Horse-shoeing and Blacksmith-
ing (cost) 274
Items of Expenditure 267
Material Collected and Cost of
Teams 272
Material Collected by Districts, 270
Number of Carts 273
Organization ... 281
Recapitulation(Hay and Grain), 279
Revenue 268
Total Cost, Removal, etc 269
Table of Loads (12 years) ... 274
CONTENTS.
Vll
APPENDIX D.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF SEWER
DIVISION.
PAGE
Catch-basins 315
Financial Statement 2S4
Fall of Eain and Snow 318
Improved Sewerage (Expendi-
tures) .... 285
Miscellaneous Expenses 285
New Tow-boat 285
Pumping-station Record 319
Property in Charge of Sewer
Division 320
Recapitulation 315
Stony Brook Improvement. . . 285
Brighton.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor 293
By Private Parties 295
Surface Drains 295
Work done for Paving Di-
vision 296
City Proper.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor 287
Surface Drains 287
Work done for Paving Di-
vision 288
Charlestown.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor 289
Work done for Paving Di-
vision 290
Dorchester.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor 299
By Private Parties 302
Surface Drains 303
Culverts 303
(Page 283.)
Work done for Paving Di-
vision
East Boston.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor
Work done for Paving Di-
vision
Roxbttry.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor
Sewers Built under Chap. 323,
Acts 1S91
By Private Parties
Surface Drains
Work done for Paving Di-
vision
West Roxbury.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor
By Private Parties
Culverts
Surface Drains
Work done for Paving Division,
30-1
291
292
305
307
308
309
310
311
313
314
314
315
South Boston.
Sewers Built by Contract or
Day Labor 297
By Private Parties 297
Work done for Paving Division, 298
Summary of Sewer Construc-
tion 310
Sludge Record 320
Specials, etc 322-329
Summary of Construction ((i
years) 321
Schedule of Sewers to Date.. 317
Vlll
CONTENTS.
APPENDIX E.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF STREET-
CLEANING DIVISION. (Page 331.)
PAGE
Average Force Employed. .. 338
Complaints 338
Cost per Mile, exclusive of
Supervision 336
Cost per Mile, inclusive of
Supervision 337
Cleaning Streets, Cost by Dis-
tricts 332
Cleaning Gutters, by Districts, 332
Cleaning Crossings 332
Cost of Maintaining Dumps . • 332
Cost of Removal of Snow 333
Cost of Scraping Mac. Streets, 333
Cost of Collecting Leaves 333
PAGE
Financial Statement 331
General Recapitulation of Ex-
penses 336
Income 338
Miscellaneous 335
Objects of Expenditure 331
Patrol System 333
Public Waste Barrels 338
Recapitulation of Expenses . 334
Stable and Yard Expenses 335
Stock Account . . 335
Total Number of Loads Street-
dirt Removed 337
APPENDIX F.
FORMER SUPERINTENDENTS AND DOCUMENT NUM-
BERS OF ANNUAL REPORTS. (Page 339.)
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
Beacon street — Laying Trinidad Asphalt Paving on Cement Concrete
Base 54
Chart of Dumping Stations 88
Discharge of Outfall Sewer at Moon Island 110
Dumping-Scow (Loading) 98
Dover-street Bridge over Fort-point Channel .... 40
Gate-house at Moon Island 112
Old Paving — Tremont street
58
New Paving — Washington street.
Sewer Diagram, Drainage Area Curves , . 116
Sewer Diagram, Kutter's Formula 114
The Street Department Tow-boat "Cormorant" 102
Hon. Nathan Matthews, Jr.,
Mayor of the City of Boston :
Sir : In compliance with the Revised Ordinances, the
third annual report of the operations and expenses of the
Street Department for the year 1893 is herewith respectfully
submitted.
Organization.
The work of the department during the past year has been
carried on under the same organization that was effected when
the consolidated department was created in 1891, the several
divisions of the department being as follows :
The Central Office.
Bridge Division.
Paving Division.
Sewer Division.
Sanitary Division.
Street-Cleaning Division.
Boston and Cambridge Bridges .
Each of the above divisions, with the exception of the
Central Office Division and the Boston and Cambridge
Bridges, is in charge of a deputy superintendent.
The Boston and Cambridge Bridges are managed by two
commissioners, the Superintendent of Streets being the com-
missioner for the city of Boston, the other commissioner being
appointed by the Mayor of the city of Cambridge.
The work of street- watering, which devolves on the Street
Department, is carried on under the supervision of the Pav-
ing Division, with a foreman of street- watering in charge.
City Document No. 34.
CENTRAL OFFICE DIVISION.
The work of the Central Office Division consists of gen-
eral supervision over the work of the several divisions of the
department ; attending to all correspondence, purchasing sup-
plies, investigating complaints, drawing and executing con-
tracts, keeping of all records, financial, civil service, and
legal, preparing estimates for public improvements, and other
miscellaneous work.
Expenses oe the Central Office.
For the current expenses of the Central Office the City
Council appropriated the sum of twenty thousand dollars
($20,000) , to which was transferred from the Paving Division
for the care of horses the sum of eight hundred five dollars
and ninety-six cents ($805.96), making a total of twenty
thousand eight hundred five dollars and ninety- six cents
($20,805.96), which was expended as follows
Salaries .....
Travelling expenses, carriages, etc.
Board, shoeing, clothing, etc., of horses
Stationery, printing, postage, etc.
Telephone and telegraph
Miscellaneous expenses (office)
Copying and compiling
Newspapers, periodicals, etc.
Messengers ....
Atlases, maps, etc.
Typewriter supplies
Rubber stamps, pads, etc.
Total "$20,805 96
The following condensed statement shows the various ap-
propriations and amounts expended for the maintenance of
the department for the year ending January 31, 1894 ; also,
in separate tables, the special appropriations and amounts ex-
pended for specific objects designated by the City Council :
$17,057
78
1,032
10
966
60
714
80
396
28
161
06
159
76
90
08
86
95
72
50
55
65
12
40
Street Department.
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City Document No. 34.
Paving Division Specials.
Object of Appropriation.
Baker st., Ward 23
Beacon st
Bellflower st. . . .
Berwick park, foot-bridge ,
Blue Hill ave., paving
Blakeville st
Brent st
Bristol st
Broadway, Harrison ave. to Broadway bridge ,
Burneyst., Ward 22
Bushnell st
Ctaardon st
Cherry st
Commonwealth ave
Congress and L sts ,
Cooper St., between N. Margin and Salem sts. ,
Cranston st., Ward 23 ,
Dickens st
Dorchester ave., paving, Wards 15 and 24 . .
Dorchester st., between Eighth st. and Dorchester
ave., paving ,
Eighth St., L st. to O st., edgestones, etc.
Englewood ave. and Sutherland road . .
Ereeport st
Grant st., Ward 24
Harbor View st
Harrison ave., Kneeland st. to Bennett St.,
asphalting
Harvard St., construction
Houghton st., macadamizing
Howell st., construction . . . • .
Humboldt-ave. extension, grade damages . .
Hunneman St., grading and constructing . .
Carried forward
Appropri-
ations,
Balances, and
Transfers.
$2,000 00
108 90
3,000 00
6,000 00
25,000 00
1,500 00
1,526 28
2,869 28
7,782 42
7,500 00
2,000 00
349 45
65 10
321,062 20
30,000 00
1,500 00
3,000 00
785 00
2,700 37
386 09
1,249 69
4,739 95
10,849 55
241 52
562 96
3,900 00
6,000 00
6,550 40
2,880 61
225 52
963 45
$457,298 74 $335,690
Expended
from Feb. 1,
1893, to Jan.
31, 1894.
1,526 28
2,869 28
7,782 42
349 45
65 10
266,246 65
15,300 00
1,500 00
1,158 20
785 00
2,700 37
386 09
1,249 69
4,739 95
10,849 55
241 52
562 96
6,000 00
6,550 40
2,880 61
225 52
963 45
Balance on
hand, Jan.
31, 1S94.
$1,350 40
3,000 00
6,000 00
25,000 00
1,500 00
7,500 00
2,000 00
54,815 55
14,700 00
1,841 80
3,900 00
$121,607 75
Street Department.
Paving Division Specials. — Concluded.
Object of Appropriation.
Broil ght forward
Jackson st., construction
L st., grading, etc
LaGrange st
Landing, East Boston
Lehigh St., paving
Lexington ave
Millst
Mt. Vernon st., grade damages
Newport st
Ninth st., Old Harbor st. to N St., macadamizing .
Norfolk st., Milton st. to Corbett st
Parmenter st., construction
Preston st
River st
Sawyer ave
Short St., Ward 23
Smith St., construction .
South Margin st., between Pitts and Prospect sts.,
Stanton st
Thetford st
Utica st., Harvard st. to Kneeland st
Vale St., Ward 15
Van Rensselaer place, paving
West Newton st., between Washington st. and
Shawmut ave., asphalt blocks
West Third St., Ward 13 . . . .
Whiting St., Ward 21
Worthington St., edgestones, etc.
1 Allston bridge
Park St., Charlestown
Totals $530,603 47 $383,880 72 $146,782 75
Appropri- Expended
ations, from Feb. 1,
Balances, and 1893, to Jan
Transfers. 31, 1894.
$457,298 74
1,500 00
2,346 50
3,269 30
500 00
2,831 78
1,702 90
2,000 00
1,325 00
2,500 00
5,827 14
2,350 00
1,500 00
5,000 00
4,000 00
2,713 44
1,806 73
2,008 10
4,500 00
2,000 00
3,000 00
7,000 00
1,000 00
450 00
161 26
1,900 00
5,500 00
1,000 00
2,504 56
1,168 02
$335,690 99
1,500 00
2,346 50
3,269 30
500 00
2,831 78
1,702 90
5,827 14
2,350 00
1,500 00
4,000 00
2,713 44
1,806 73
2,008 10
4,500 00
2,000 00
1,000 00
161 26
1,900 00
1,600 00
1,000 00
2,504 56
1,168 02
Balance on
hand Jan.
31, 1894.
$121,607 75
2,000 00
1,325 00
2,500 00
5,000 00
3,000 00
7,000 00
450 00
1 Money furnished by the City Engineer's Department.
City Document No. 34.
Sewer Division Specials.
Object or Appropriation.
Appropri-
ations,
Balances, and
Transfers.
Expended
from Feb. 1,
1893, to
Jan. 31.1S94.
Balance on
hand Jan.
31, 1894.
Sewer, between Roslindaleand West Roxbury
Sewers, Brighton
Sewer outlets, East Boston
Sewers, South Boston
Sewers, Ward 23, Washington St., etc. ...
Sewers, Westville, Freeman, and Charles sts.
Stables and sheds, Brighton
Tug-boat '
Totals
$380 00
2,486 47
1,762 95
3,475 14
716 41
215 00
5,957 92
12,432 50
$27,426 39
$100 00
1,762 95
1,127 09
125 12
215 00
5,957 92
12,432 50
$21,720 58
$280 00
2,486 47
2,348 05
591 29
5,705 81
Bridge Division Specials.
Object of Appropriations.
Appropri-
ations,
Balances, and
Transfers.
Expended
from Feb. 1,
1893, to
Jan. 31, 1894.
Balance on
hand Jan.
31, 1894.
Berkeley-st. bridge
Boylston-st. bridge
Broadway bridge ........
Congress-st. bridge, guard . . .
1 Savin Hill-ave. bridge, widening
Totals
$433 75
1,432 82
8,500 00
534 31
5,000 00
$433 75
7,498 86
534 31
5,000 00
$1,432 82
1,001 14
$15,900 88
$13,466 92
$2,433 96
1 Work done by and paid for by the Paving Division.
Street Department.
Aldermanic District Specials.
Object of Appropriation.
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No.l
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 2
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 3
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 4
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 5
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 6
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 7
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 8
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 9
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 10
Street Improvements, AldermanicDisirictNo.il
8treetImprovements, Aldermanic DistrictNo. 12
Street Improvements, Ward 6
Street Improvements, Ward 7
Street Improvements, Ward 8
Street Improvements, Ward 9
Street Improvements, Ward 10
Street Improvements, Ward 12
Street Improvements, Ward 14
Street Improvements, Ward 15
Street Improvements, Wards 17 and IS ....
Totals
Appropri-
ations,
Balances, and
Transfers.
§34,000 00
2S,000 00
11,000 00
14,000 00
44,465 30
20,897 76
24,281 50
15,000 00
12,610 65
19,000 00
35,000 00
34,0U0 00
13,000 00
18,668 54
13,000 00
5,000 00
5,000 00
6,283 73
14,500 00
11,500 00
15,000 00
$394,207 48
Expended
from Feb. 1,
1893, to
Jan. 31,1894.
$34,000 00
24,314 25
9,884 02
9,962 57
43,927 48
17,444 32
20,935 21
9,830 71
9,096 77
19,000 00
34,732 96
32,109 31
6,283 73
$271,521 33
Balance on
hand Jan.
31, 1894.
$3,685 75
1,115 9S
4,037 43
537 82
3,453 44
3,346 29
5,169 21
3,513 8S
267 04
1,890 69
13,000 00
18,668 54
13,000 00
5,000 00
5,000 00
14,500 00
11,500 00
15,000 00
$122,6S6 15
Laying Out and Construction of Highways.
^Expenditures.
Sewer construction ..... $260,724 44
Street construction
Sidewalk construction
Total .
29,817 30
21,771 74
$312,313 48
Streets built under Chap. 323 of the Acts of 1891, as
amended by Chap. 418 of the Acts of 1892.
Paving.
Sewer.
Total.
$9,063 73
10,634 20
3,098 18
7,021 19
$5,027 04
11,734 00
3,291 64
1,431 39
$14,090 77
22.36S 20
6,389 82
8,452 58
$29,817 30*
$21,484 07*
$51,301 37*
* Amount retained on Paving contracts
* " " Sewer "
$2,881 57 yet to be paid.
600 36 "
* Total amount retained $3,481 93
City Document No. 34.
Recapitulation of Expenditures for the Twelve Months
ending 1 January 31, 1894.
Object of Appropriation.
Current
Expenses for
the twelve
months end-
ing Jan. 31,
1894.
Special Ap-
propriations.
Totals.
Street Department :
Central Office
Bridge Division
Boston and Cambridge Bridges ......
Paving Division
Sewer Division
Sanitary Division
Street-Cleaning Division
Street-Watering
Street Improvements, Aldermanie Districts
Laying Out and Construction of Highways .
$20,805 96
133,159 24
11,493 16
745,681 52
373,517 38
481,300 63
308,707 30
99,430 16
$13,466 92
383.8S0 72
21,720 58
271,521 33
312,313 48
$20,805 96
146,626 16
11,493 16
1,129,562 24
395,237 96
481,400 63
308,707 30
99,430 16
271,521 33
312,313 48
Totals
$2,174,095 35
$1,002,903 03
$3,176,998 3S
Income .
Statement showing the amount of bills and cash deposited
with the City Collector for the year ending January 31, 1894,
by the several divisions of the Street Department :
Paving Division $46,855 92
Sewer' Division 151,929 78
Sanitary Division . . . . .32,056 27
Bridge Division . . . '. . . 1,687 00
Street-Cleaning Division .... 6,049 82
Boston and Cambridge Bridges . . . 752 68
Street-Watering 110 00
' $239,441 47
Statement showing the amount paid into the city treasury
during the same period on account of the several divisions
of the Street Department :
$75,867 60
87,207 65
28,969 27
2,699 50
2,748 27
752 68
704 52
Paving Division .
Sewer Division
Sanitary Division
Bridge Division .
Street-Cleaning Division
Boston and Cambridge Bridges
Street- Wate ring
$198,949 49
Steeet Department .
List of Contracts from February 1, 1893, to January 31,
1894, made by the Street Department.
Paving- Blocks.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposal
received.
Price per M.
Large paving blocks, 300,000 . . .
liockport Granite Co ,
April 12, 1893.
$73 50
delivered on
wharves.
Paving" Bricks.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposal
received.
100,000 on
wharves.
<B.)
100,000 on streets
in South and
East Boston,
Chariest o w u,
and City
Proper.
cc.)
100,000 on streets
i u Brighton,
West It o x -
bury, Dorches-
ter, and R o x -
bury.
Paving bricks,
300,000 . . .
Ham & Car-
ter ....
April 5, 1893.
$12.00
per M.
$13.00 per M.
$13.50 per M.
North-River Flagging.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposal
received.
Price per Sq. Ft.
North-River flagging, city .
J. J. Cuddihy . . .
March 13, 1893.
$0 35^
on wharves.
$0 40
on streets.
Spruce Lumber.
Contract.
Spruce lumber. Dints,
1,2, 3, 8, 9, and 10 .
Awarded to
John W. Leatherbee,
Spruce lumber, I >ists. |
5, 6, and 7 . . . . Otis Eddy
Spruce lumber, Dist.
4
Curtis & Pope . .
Proposals
received.
Feb. 20, 1893.
1893.
Price per M Ft. B. M\
Dints. 1, 8, 9, and 10,
$16.00; Dist. 2,
$16.90; Dist. 3,
$16.40.
Dist. 5, $16.25; Dists. G
and 7, $16.00.
$Hi.:;s
Price
for
Pinning
per M
ft.
;-■! no
1 00
1 50
10
City Document No. 34.
Beacli Gravel.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposal
received.
Price per
Ton.
March 13,1893.
SO 67
delivered on
wharves.
Coal.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposals
received.
Price per Ton of
2,240 lbs.
Coal (1,000 tons), Pumping-
Stalion (Dorchester) . . .
Coal (1,500 tons), Pumping-
Station (Dorchester) . . .
Coal (2,000 tons), Pumping-
Station (Dorchester) . . .
J. A. Bradford & Co. .
Thomas &Pike ....
Feh.14,1893.
May 6, 1893.
Sept. 2,1893.
$4 58
3 82
3 84
Cement.
Awarded to
Proposal
received.
American Cement.
Contract.
Delivered in South and
East Boston, Charles-
town, and City
Proper.
Delivered in West Rox-
bury, Brighton, Dor-
chester, and Roxbury.
Ham & Car-
ter ....
Mar. 22, 1893.
$1.10 per bbl.
$1.12 per bbl.
Cement . . .
Portland Cement.
Delivered in South and
East Boston, Charles-
town, and City
Proper.
Delivered in West Rox-
bury, Brighton, Dor-
chester, and Roxbury.
$2.20 per bbl.
$2.25 per bbl.
Iron Castings.
Contract.
Awarded to
Proposal re-
ceived.
Price per
100 lbs.
Mechanics' Iron Foundry . . .
March 27, 1893.
$1 74
Street Department.
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22 City Document No. 34.
Employment of Labor.
During the year ending February 1, 1894, 47 applications
were made upon the Civil Service Commission for 103 em-
ployees of various grades, and 185 names were submitted
by them, of which number 107 were given employment in the
several divisions.
The department records show that there are 2,520 persons
eligible for employment in the various divisions, and of that
number 2,189 were upon the pay-rolls ending January
25, 1894.
The followino- table shows the classification of all em-
ployees of the Street Department as at present organized *
Street Department.
23
Grade and Number of Employees in the Street
Department.
Divisions.
Title.
Centra]
Office.
Paving.
Sewer.
Sani-
tary.
Street
Clean-
ing.
Bridge.
Total.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
Purchasing agent and assistant .
1
2
1
1
2
7
12
25
13
5
10
11
24
3
11
2
5
16
5
4
5
2
1
11
12
1
3
20
40
53
39
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4
4
8
20
2
5
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1
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2
24
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5
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23
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7
5
2
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45
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30
20
30
1
1
15
7
13
22
14
16
43
4
4
6
3
6
3
2
3
5
5
119
163
47
36
90
460
24 City Document No. 34.
Grade and Number of Employees, etc. — Concluded.
Divisions.
Title.
Central
Office.
Paving.
Sewer.
Sani-
tary.
Street
Clean-
ing.
Bridge.
Total.
5
119
163
47
195
4
36
61
90
460
256
4
2
2
348
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2
32
1
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2
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141
1
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18
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158
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301
31
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23
7
727
607
435
310
104
2 190
Street Department.
25
Complaints.
Fewer complaints have been received during the last
year than at any time since the organization of the depart-
ment ; the majority were in relation to the non-removal of
ashes when the yards and alleys were blockaded with snow.
A noticeable feature of the list is the freedom from com-
plaints as to the uncleanliness of streets, there having been
but seven for the entire year.
This shows how an appreciative public welcomes the
extra efforts that have been made continuously for the past
three years to clean up and remove the street litter as often
as possible.
A number of complaints find their way to this office
that should have been sent to the Board of Police. It
may be stated that the Superintendent of Streets is not
responsible for violations of city ordinances, and that in
cases of refuse or obstructions left unlawfully in a public
way, it is the privilege and duty of all good citizens to
promptly report the same to the Board of Police, as the
Superintendent of Streets is obliged to refer all such matters
to this board when called to his attention.
It may also be said that alleys and private ways are not
under the jurisdiction of the Street Department ; and the
filthy, unsanitary, or neglected condition of them can only find
redress through the Board of Health or through the courts.
The same decrease in complaints is shown in the street-
watering returns. If due allowances are made at the begin-
ning and end of a season for the non-watering of streets
during low temperature, owing to the impossibility of keeping
the water turned on in the post-hydrants, and also for the very
sudden changes in the humidity of the atmosphere, dropping
from the average of seventy-five points to thirty-five points,
or sixty-five points below saturation, all of which conditions
render perfect and satisfactory work impossible, we may fairly
conclude that the streets were much better watered than ever
in the history of Boston, and that if any cause of complaint
remained, it lay in the fact that the annual appropriation for
this work is not sufficient to water all side streets, as was
shown in the department estimates.
Whole number of complaints ..... 129
Distributed as follows :
Paving Division ..... 24
Sewer Division .
Sanitary Division
Street-Cleaning Division
Bridge Division
Street-Watering
4
73
7
5
16
26 City Document No. 34.
BRIDGE DIVISION.
The establishment of two districts in the Bridge Division,
one known as the Northern District, including all bridges
north and west of the Charles river, and the other known as
the Southern District, with headquarters at Foundry street,
including all bridges south of the Charles river, each divi-
sion being in charge of a foreman, has continued to give
satisfactory results.
With the exception of the closing of the Charles-river
bridge from time to time, due to the need of frequent repairs,
owing to its worn-out condition, no delay has been occasioned
to the travelling public by the breaking down of draw-
bridges during the past year.
There are twelve important tide-water bridges under the
care of the Bridge Division. Of these bridges, seven are
operated by steam-power ; viz. , Chelsea North, Chelsea South,
Charles river, Warren, L street, and Broadway. Meridian
street is operated by horse power. Maiden, Mt. Washing-
ton avenue, and Dover street (foot-bridge) are worked by
hand power, and Federal-street bridge is operated by elec-
tric power.
A comparison of the cost of maintenance of the steam,
horse, and electric power in use, shows that electricity is by
far the cheapest motive power. As Federal-street bridge,
which is operated by electric power, is one of the most
important bridges with sufficient work to test it under all
conditions, the highly satisfactory results that have been
attained at this bridge show that electricity not only is the
cheapest power in use on the bridges, but is also the best.
Several radical changes in bridges have been undertaken
during the year, among which the most important are the
rebuilding of Dover-street and Chelsea-street bridges, abol-
ishing the grade crossing at these streets, the strengthening
of Broadway bridge to permit the passing of electric cars,
and the alteration of the West Chester-park bridge over the
Boston & Albany Railroad, to remove the objectionable crown
of the bridge, which interfered with travel and with the ap-
pearance of the street. The reconstruction of Chelsea-street
bridge has been undertaken under the " Act to abolish grade
crossings on Chelsea bridge and Chelsea-bridge avenue,"
which is as follows :
Street Department. 27
Chelsea Bridge.
[chapter 374.]
An Act relating to the abolition of grade crossings of chelsea
bridge and chelsea-bridge avenue in the city of boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows:
Section 1. Upon petition of the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Chelsea, the Superior Court, or any justice thereof sitting- in equity for
the County of Suffolk, after such notice by public advertisement or
otherwise as the court shall deem desirable, and a hearing, shall ap-
point, according to its discretion, a commission of three disinterested
persons not residents of the county of Suffolk, who shall, after due
notice and a hearing, prescribe the alterations and improvements neces-
sary to abolish or ovei'corue all grade crossings on that part of Chelsea
bridge or Chelsea-bridge avenue crossing Mystic river in Boston in said
county.
Sect. 2. The said commission shall prescribe the manner and limits
within which such alterations and improvements shall be made, and
shall further determine how the work shall be done ; and if said com-
mission shall decide that said grade crossings shall be abolished or over-
come by carrying the highway by a bridge or superstructure over the
present railroad crossings on said bridge or avenue, it may discontinue
the present highway under such bridge or superstructure, except so far
as the use of the same may be required for the proper and convenient
construction, maintenance, alteration, and repair of said overhead struct-
ure and the foundation and support thereof and of any reconstruction
of the same : "provided, however, that the Lynn & Boston Railroad
Company and the Boston & Chelsea Railroad Company shall have the
same rights in any superstructure that maybe erected hereunder as they
have in the present bridge and roadway.
Sect. 3. The Lynn & Boston Railroad Company, subject to the
approval of the board of harbor and land commissioners, may build a
temporary bridge or bridges, upon which bridge or bridges it may run
its cars while said alterations and improvements are being made, and it
shall primarily pay all the expenses thereof, including those of removal,
and be liable for all damages arising in consequence thereof.
Sect. 4. The Boston & Maine Railroad shall carry out such altera-
tions and improvements as said commission shall prescribe, and do all
the work required therein ; and of the cost incurred by said Boston &
Maine Railroad in doing said work and making said alterations and im-
provements, as audited and approved by the auditors provided for in
chapter four hundred and twenty-eight of the acts of the year eighteen
hundred and ninety, including in such cost the cost of the hearing and
the compensation of the commissioners and auditors for their services,
and including also damages mentioned in section five of chapter four
hundred and twenty-eight of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and
ninety and in all acts in addition thereto or in amendment thereof, and
including further all expenses of the Lynn & Boston Railroad Com-
pany in changing its tracks to said superstructure and in building said
temporary bridge, five per centum shall be repaid to said Boston &
Maine Railroad by said Lynn & Boston Railroad Company, and thirty
per centum shall be repaid to said Boston & Maine Railroad by the Com-
monwealth, in the same manner and from the same funds that money is
paid by the < 'ommonwealth under the provisions of chapter four hun-
dred and twenty-eight of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and
ninety; and of the amount so repaid to said Boston & Maine Railroad
by the Commonwealth, eighteen per centum shall be repaid to the Com-
28 City Document No. 34.
monwealth by each of said cities of Boston and Chelsea, in three equal
annual payments of six per centum of said amount.
Sect. 5. Six per centum of the total amount to be repaid to the
Commonwealth by the cities of Boston and Chelsea, as provided in the
preceding section, shall be included in and made a part of the sum
charged to each of the cities of Boston and Chelsea for each of the ensu-
ing three years, and shall be assessed upon them in the apportionment
and assessment of their annual state tax. The state treasurer shall in
eacli of said three years notify each such city of the amount of such as-
sessment, which amount shall be paid by the city into the treasury of
the Commonwealth at the time required for the payment, and as a part
of its state tax.
Sect. 6. Sections four to twelve, inclusive, of chapter four hundred
and twenty-eight of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and ninety, and
all acts in addition thereto or in amendment thereof, shall be applicable
to all proceedings under this act, so far as they shall not conflict with the
provisions of this act: provided, however, that all damages occasioned by
the taking of land, whether by either city or said railroad company,
shall primarily be paid by said railroad company.
Sect. 7. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
[Approved June 14, 1892.']
October 5, 1892. The Mayor and Aldermen of the City
of Chelsea petitioned the Superior Court in Equity for the
appointment of a commission " to prescribe the alterations
and improvements necessary to abolish or overcome all
grade crossings on that part of Chelsea bridge crossing
Mystic river in Boston, Suffolk county," in accordance with
Chapter 374, Acts of 1892.
The court appointed Messrs. George F. Tucker, E. D.
Hayden, and A. H. Wright as the commissioners prayed for.
After giving several hearings, at which representatives were
present from the cities of Chelsea and Boston, Boston &
Maine Railroad, Lynn & Boston Railroad Company, and the
Boston & Chelsea Railroad Company, they submitted the
folio wino' finding :
Description.
The grade of the highway shall be so raised that the said
highway shall pass over the tracks of the Boston & Maine
Railroad.
The limits within which the said alterations shall be made
shall be as follows : Beginning at a point in Chelsea street
in the city of Boston, in a continuation of the southerly line
of Scott court, then northerly along the easterly side of
Chelsea street, Chelsea avenue, and Chelsea bridge, a dis-
tance of 2,777 feet, to a point 188 feet southerly from the
southerly end of the drawbridge at the main channel of the
Mystic river. The above-described line shall be the easterly
side line of the street as altered and improved.
Street Department. 29
The grade of the street as altered and improved shall be
as follows : Beginning at the southerly end of the present
grade of Chelsea street the grade shall rise at a rate not
exceeding 3 feet per 100 feet, for a distance of 449 feet to
the southerly end of the south drawbridge ; thence on a
level grade of 36 feet above the city base to the northerly
end of said drawbridge ; thence with a rise not exceeding
1.5 feet per 100 feet to a height of 38 feet above the city
base: thence level 1,100 feet; thence with a fall of 3 feet
per 100 feet to a point about 188 feet from the south end
of the drawbridge over the main channel of the Mystic
river.
This grade line as described shall be the grade of the
centre of the driveway, except that it shall be softened at
all intersections by vertical curves.
And they also declare in their report " that a safe and con-
venient way for public travel shall be provided outside the
limits of the present street across lands of the Boston &
Maine Railroad, and the same kept open so long as it can
be without interfering with the completion of the alterations
ordered."
This temporary structure is in process of construction,
that part being already built which commences at the north-
erly end of the south drawbridge and extends to the extreme
northerly end of the proposed new structure. Work is also
being rapidly pushed on the temporary drawbridges.
The full text of the finding is as follows :
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS.
SUPERIOR COURT.
Suffolk, ss. In Equity, 1893.
In the matter of the petition of the Mayor and Aldermen of the city
of Chelsea for the appointment of a commission to prescribe the altera-
tions and improvements necessary to abolish or overcome all grade
crossings on that part of Chelsea bridge or Chelsea-bridge avenue,
crossing Mystic river in Boston in the County of Suffolk, in accordance
with Chapter 374, Acts of 1892.
Report and Finding of Special Commission.
In the above-entitled matter, the undersigned, George F. Tucker,
E. D. Hayden, A. H. Wright, duly appointed by the Superior Court
sitting in equity, in Boston, in and for said County of Suffolk, on the
5lh day of October, A.D. 1892, on a commission for the purpose prayed
for in said petition hereto annexed, having given due notice to all parties
interested in the matter of said petition that they would meet at the City
Hall in Chelsea on Tuesday, the 17th day of December, then next, at
ten o'clock in the forenoon, to hear all parties interested, said notice
30 Cixr Document No. 34.
being given, by due service thereof, on the cit}~ of Boston, the city of
Chelsea, the Boston & Maine Railroad, the Lynn & Boston Railroad
Company, and the Boston & Chelsea Railroad Company, and also by
publication three weeks successively in the newspapers called the
"Boston Journal" and " Chelsea Evening Record " ; and in pursuance
of said order and notice, the commissioners met at the City Hall in
Chelsea at ten o'clock in the forenoon of Tuesday, the seventeenth day
of January, A.D. 1893, and the following-named parties, interested in
the matter of the aforesaid petition, appeared before them, to wit : The
petitioners, the Mayor and Aldermen of the city of Chelsea, by City
Solicitor Fitz ; the city of Boston, by Assistant City Engineer Cheney ;
the Boston & Maine Railroad, by Chief Engineer H. Bissell ; the Lynn &
Boston Railroad Company, and the Boston & Chelsea Railroad Company,
by Messrs. Proctor and Wai'ren ; and it was shown and duly appeared
that due notice of the time, place, and purpose of said meeting as
ordered by the commissioners had been given. A view of the premises
was taken.
By adjournment, further hearings of the said parties wei'e given on
Tuesday, January 31st, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, at the City
Hall in the city of Boston, and on Tuesday, February 14th, at the City
Hall in the city of Boston. And on Tuesday, August 15th, a further
hearing was given at the old Court House in the city of Boston.
Having carefully viewed and considered the said crossing mentioned
in the aforesaid petition, and having heard and carefully considered all
evidence, plans, and suggestions of the several parties, the said com-
missioners do find and decide :
That alterations and improvements as described in the following
specifications or descriptions, and in accordance with the plans sub-
mitted herewith, are necessary to abolish or overcome all grade cross-
ings on that part of Chelsea bi'idge or Chelsea-bridge avenue, ci'ossing
Mystic river in said county, and the commission does prescribe the
manner and limits within which said alterations and improvements shall
be made, and does determine how the work shall be done as set
forth in the said specifications and descriptions and shown on said
plans.
And the said commission does decide that said grade crossing shall
be abolished or overcome by carrying the highway, by a bridge or
superstructure, over the present railroad crossings on the said bridge or
avenue, and orders that the present highway, within the limits of the
Boston & Maine Railroad property, be discontinued, except so far as
the use of the same may be required for the proper and convenient
construction, maintenance, alteration, and repair of said overhead
structure and the foundation and support thereof, and of any re-
construction of the same.
Description.
The grade of the highway shall be so l'aised that the' said highway
shall pass over the tracks of the Boston" & Maine Railroad. The limits
within which the said alterations and improvements shall be made shall
be as follows : Beginning at a point on the easterly side of Chelsea
street in the city of Boston, about eighty-five feet southerly from the
southerly line of Scott court produced, then northerly along the easterly
line of Chelsea street, Chelsea avenue, and Chelsea bridge, a distance
of two thousand seven hundred and seventy-seven feet to a point one
hundred and eighty-eight feet southerly from the southerly end of the
drawbridge at the main channel of Mystic river. The above-described
line to be the easterly side line of the street as altered and improved.
The grade of the street as altered and improved shall be as follows :
Beginning at the southerly end, at the present grade of Chelsea street,
the grade shall rise at a rate not exceeding three feet per one hundred
Street Department. 31
feet to the southerly end of the southerly drawbridge ; thence on a level
grade of thirty-six feet above the city base to the northerly end of said
drawbridge ; thence with a rise not exceeding 1.50 feet per 100 feet to a
height of 38 feet above the city base ; thence level at said height of 38
feet about 1,100 feet ; thence with a fall not exceeding 3 feet per 100
feet to a point about 188 feet from the southerly end of the drawbridge
over the main channel of the Mystic river, these grades to be softened
at all intersections by vertical curves. The grade line, as described,
shall be the grade of the centre of the driveway.
The viaduct, carrying the street over the tracks of the Boston & Maine
Railroad, shall be constructed as follows :
Suitable piles shall be driven under each pier in three rows, 2£ feet
between centres of rows, with piles 2& feet apart in the rows, the piles
to be cut off at grade 7 above city base. On the piles, a pier of granite
or other equally durable stone. The bottom course to be 6 feet wide,
the second course 5 feet wide. The piers shall have a coping or bridge
seat course 4 feet wide, 54 feet long, and 2 feet thick, except the three
northerly piers, which shall be 51 feet long.
The piers under the bridge seat course shall be 3 feet thick and batter
1& inch per foot to the second foundation course named above. The
stone shall be cut, bed and build, with cut vertical joints, the joints not
to exceed £ inch ; no stone to have a thickness less than its rise, and
at least J of the stone above the foundation courses shall be headers
extending through the pier; stone shall belaid in cement mortar and
§ routed with cement. The angle of the piers with the line of the via-
uct shall be 72 degrees, right-hand end forward, except the three most
northerly piers, which shall be at light angles to the line of the viaduct.
The viaduct shall consist of iron or steel plate girders of span shown
on plan marked "Sheet 1" accompanying this report. Approximate
length on centre line of viaduct spans :
1.
53 feet.
8.
70 feet.
15.
70 feet
2.
70 "
9.
70 "
16.
70 «
3.
70 "
10.
70 "
17.
70 '■
4.
70 "
11.
70 "
18.
70 "
5.
70 "
12.
65 "
19.
40 "
6.
70 "
13.
65 "
20.
40 "
7.
70 "
14.
70 "
21.
40 "
The plate-girders shall rest on the iron or steel posts, the foot or
bottom of each post to be bolted to the stone pier, one end of each girder
shall be firmly fastened to the post, the other end to have suitable pro-
vision for expansion and contraction ; floor-beams of iron or steel shall
be riveted to the girders; and upon the floor-beams hard-pine stringers
shall be placed. The dimensions of the stringers shall be 10 X 12
inches under each rail of the street-railroad tracks, and 6 X 12 under
the rest of the driveway, spaced 24 inches apart, centre to centre.
All parts of the structure which are of iron or steel shall be so pro-
portioned that the weight of the structure and floor, including paving,
in addition to one hundred pounds per square foot on the driveway and
sidewalk for live load, shall not strain any part more than 13,000 pounds
in tension, or 10,000 pounds in compression per square inch. Such ad-
ditional strength shall be given to the westerly girder that a sidewalk
8 feet wide can be added on brackets, without straining it beyond the
limit noted above.
On the stringers, plank 6 inches thick, of hard-pine or spruce, treated
with some approved preservative process, shall be placed. The plank
shall be laid close and painted on top with a mixture of paving pitch
and crude coal tar, put on hot, and then covered with four thicknesses
of roofing felt, in the manner used for the best quality of tar and gravel
32 City Document No. 34.
roofing ; the felt will then be covered with a layer of concrete 2 inches
thick, upon the concrete will be laid a bed of fine, sharp sand, clean
and dry, 1 to 1| inches thick. The granite paving-blocks shall be of
dimensions 10 to 14 inches long, 4 inches wide, and 6 to 6£ inches deep,
to be laid at right angles to the line of the street, each course to be of
blocks of a uniform width and thickness, and so laid that all longitud-
inal joints shall be broken by a lap of at least two inches. After the
blocks are laid, the joints are to be filled with clean, fine, hot, dry,
washed pebbles, and the blocks carefully rammed to a firm, unyielding
bed, with uniform surface and with proper grade.
The joints are to be poured full of paving cement, of approved con-
sistence and composition, at a temperature of 300 degrees Fahrenheit,
two or more pourings to be made, if necessary, to fill the joints.
The sidewalk shall be covered with two-inch clear hard-pine plank,
planed one side. Guard-timbers and cast-iron curbs of form and di-
mensions used by the city of Boston shall be placed on both sides of the
driveway throughout its entire length, except on the drawbridge, and
such portions of the south approach as may be solid fill.
Scuppers or drains shall be provided on each side of the Viaduct,
near each pier, to consist of a circular cast-iron pipe, 10 inches in diam-
eter, the top £ inch below the paved surface, and the bottom reaching
2 inches below the bottom of the floor plank, the opening to be properly
protected with a perforated cover. A board fence 5 feet high shall be
built on each side of the Viaduct across land of the Boston & Maine
Railroad ; on remaining parts of the structure a neat fence of wrought-
iron or pipe shall be built, the same to be well and firmly fastened to
the structure.
The width of the driveway on the Viaduct shall be 45 feet, with a
sidewalk 8 feet wide on the easterly side.
Provision shall be made for fastening to the Viaduct, at each pier,
poles to carry the wires of the street railroad.
An inclined driveway leading to the driveways or yards of the Bos-
ton & Maine Railroad shall be built ; that portion of the inclined
driveway which is at a less height than grade 21 shall be made solid
with retaining walls and earth fill. That portion which is above grade
21 shall be constructed on oak piles with hard-pine girders and stringers.
The entire inclined driveway shall have a paved floor similar to that
on Viaduct already described. -The width of the inclined driveway
shall be 30 feet clear between fences. The grade shall be 3j| feet
per hundred, with a level s.pace 55 feet long near the centre, from which
two inclined ways shall descend, as shown on plan marked " Sheet I."
Substantial fences shall be built on each side of the inclined driveway.
The curves of the side lines at the upper end of the inclined driveway,
where it joins the Viaduct, shall have a radius of not less than 40 feet.
Approaches to the Viaduct.
The inclined approaches to the Viaduct shall, at both ends, be built
upon the present piles, with hard-pine timbers, as shown on plan
mai'ked " Sheet 3" accompanying this report.
The drawbridge now in use at the South Channel shall be raised to
conform to the new grade established above by adding to the draw
foundations a proper timber structure.
The structure of the approaches above the present piles shall be as
follows: The girders now on the piles shall be fastened with addi-
tional bolts wherever those now in use show weakness, a rider 6 X 16
inches shall be put on the girders, 5 stringers 12 X 12 inches shall be
bolted to the rider, posts 12 X 12 inches shall be put over each pile,
girders 6 X 12 at the top of posts, a rider 6 X 16 on top of the girders,
bolsters 6 feet long, 12 X 14 on top of rider over each post, stringers
12 X 14 on top of each bolster, proper crown of centre being made by
Street Department. 33
fitting bolsters. A floor and paving similar to that ordered on the
Viaduct shall be made on the stringers. Transverse braces 4 X 12 inch
shall be spiked or bolted to each bent of posts, longitudinal braces
6 X 12 inch to each alternate row of posts, those next the stringers
provided for on the lower stage.
All timbers to be of hard-pine of the quality known as " Prime. 11
All timbers to be bolted and fastened in a thorough manner.
At the southerly end, from the point of beginning to within 18 feet
of the sea wall, the inclined approach shall be made solid, with a re-
taining wall on each side on the street line, and on the northerly end of
the fill.
The retaining wall shall be of granite rubble laid in cement and
grouted with cement. The wall shall have at every point a thickness of
at least one-half the height of the wall above that point, shall have a
proportion of at least one-quarter headers 4 feet long, well bonded and
joints broken, shall have a coping course not less than 18 inches thick
and 2£ feet wide, with a smooth even top.
The space behind the wall shall be rilled with gravel or earth well
packed, no clay being placed within six feet of the stone work, or
within four feet of the street sm-face.
The surface shall be paved with the same stone now in use, and the
sidewalks left in as good condition as at present.
Such provision as may be necessary to provide access to the adjoining
property may be made.
Gutters and drains shall be made to ensure free drainage.
Fences shall be built on each side, where needed, to protect public
travel.
All iron work provided for, and fences and other timber structures,
where exposed to the weather, shall be painted with two coats of lin-
seed oil and lead paint.
A safe and convenient way for public travel shall be provided outside
the limits of the present street, across lands of the Boston & Maine
Railroad, and the same kept open as long as it can be without interfer-
ing with the completion of the alterations hereby ordered.
All permanent alterations and improvements hereby ordered shall be
made within the present limits of the street and bridges.
Three sheets of plans accompanying this order are made part of this
order.
George F. Tucker,
Edward D. Hayden,
A. H. Wright,
Commissioners .
Fees and charges of three commissioners .... $900 00
Expenses of commissioners $121 20
E. K. Turner, engineer 275 00
396 20
Total $1,296 20
Boston, September 2, 1893.
I hereby certify that the above charges for services and expenses are
correct.
George F. Tucker.
Copy.
Attest :
JOS. A. WlLLARD,
Clerk.
34 City Document No. 34.
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS.
SUPERIOR COURT.
Suffolk, ss. October 15, 1893.
ALFRED C. CONVERSE, Mayor of Chelsea, et al.,
Petitioners, etc. Equity, No. 495.
DECREE CONFIRMING DECISION OF COMMISSIONERS.
And now on this sixth day of September, 1893, upon motion of the
petitioners that the decision of the commissioners in this matter be con-
firmed, and notice having been given to the following parties in interest,
to wit, the Attorney General, the City of Boston, the Boston & Maine
Railroad, and the Lynn & Boston Railroad Company, and it appearing
by certificate from the railroad commissioners that in their judgment
the expenditure required by such decision on the part of the Common-
wealth for the current year will not exceed the limit prescribed by
Chapter 428 of the Acts" of the year 1890, it is ordered, adjudged, and
decreed that such decision of the commissioners be accepted and con-
firmed.
By the Court,
Theodore M. Osborne,
Assistant Clerk.
Copy.
Attest :
JOS. A. WlLLARD,
Clerk.
Abolition of Grade Crossings.
The abolition of the grade crossing at Dover street by the
erection of an overhead bridge was undertaken under the
General Statutes for the abolition of grade crossings, which
is as follows :
(CHAP. 428 OF THE ACTS OF 1890, AS AMENDED IN 1892 AND
1893.)
An Act to promote the abolitiox of grade crossings.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows:
Section 1. Upon petition of the mayor and aldermen of a city or of
the selectmen of a town, in which a public way and a railroad cross
each other at grade, or of the directors of the railroad company, setting
forth that the petitioners are of the opinion that it is necessary for the
security and convenience of the public that an alteration should be
made in such crossing, in the approaches thereto, in the location of the
railroad or public way, or in the grades thereof, so as to avoid a cross-
ing at grade, or that such crossing should be discontinued with or with-
out building a new way in substitution therefor, — the superior court,
or any justice thereof sitting in equity for the county in which such
crossing or a portion thereof is situated, after such notice by public
advertisement or otherwise as the court shall deem desirable and a hear-
ing, may in its discretion appoint a commission of three disinterested
persons.
Street Department. 35
Sect. 2. A petition under the preceding section may embrace several
crossings, or by order of the court several separate petitions may be
consolidated and heard as one.
Sect. 3. The members of the said commission shall meet as soon as
may be after receiving notice of their appointment ; and if, after due
notice and hearing, the commission decide that the alterations are neces-
sary for the security and convenience of the public, it shall prescribe
the manner and limits within which such alterations shall be made, and
shall determine which party shall do the work, or shall apportion the
work to be done between the railroad companies and the city or town.
The railroad companies shall pay sixty-five per centum of the total
actual cost of the alterations, including in such cost the cost of the hear-
ing and the compensation of the commissioners and auditors for their
services, and all damages, including those mentioned in section five of
this act ; and the said commission shall apportion the remaining thirty-
five per centum of said cost between the Commonwealth and the city or
town in which the crossing or crossings are situated : provided, however,
that not more than ten per centum of such cost shall be apportioned to
such city or town : provided, further, that the Commonwealth shall not
be charged any part of the expenses of abolishing grade crossings which
are established after the passage of this act.
Sect. \. If the commission decide that any portion of an existing
public way should be discontinued it shall so specify, and it shall further
specify the grades for the railroad and the public way or ways and the
general method of construction, and also what land or other property it
deems necessary to be taken : ^provided, however, that if such decision
involves a change in the grade of the railroad, the consent of the rail-
road commissioners to such change of grade shall first be obtained.
Said commission shall forthwith return said decision into the said su-
pei'ior court. The decree of the court confirming the decision of the
commission shall be final and binding. If the commission decides that
the location of the railroad or of the public way shall be changed, the
decree of the court confirming such decision shall constitute a taking of
the specified land or other property ; and it shall be the duty of the
clerk of said court, within thirty days after the making of said decree,
to cause a copy of such decision and decree to be filed with the county
commissioners of the county or counties in which the land or other
property taken and the crossing are situated, and also to be I'ecorded in
the registry of deeds for the counties and districts in which such land,
property, and crossings are situated, and also to be filed with the auditor
of the Commonwealth. Said taking shall be deemed to be a taking by
the city or town if the land is to be used for a public way, or by the
railroad company if the land is to be used b}~ the railroad^.
Sect. 5. All damages sustained by any person in his property by the
taking of land for, or by the alterations of the grade of, a public way
shall primarily be paid by the city or town ; and all damages occa-
sioned by the taking of land for the railroad shall primarily be paid by
the railroad company ; and in case the parties interested cannot agree
upon said damages, the city, town, railroad company, or other party
may have the damages determined by a jury at the bar of the superior
court for the county wherein the property and crossing are situated, on
petition, brought within one year after the day of the date of the decree
of the court confirming the decision of said commission, by cither of
said parties, in the same manner and under like rules of law as damages
may be determined when occasioned by the taking of land for the locat-
ing and laying out of railroads and public ways, respectively, in such
city or town.
SECT. 6. After the completion of the work, the crossing and its
approaches shall be maintained and kept in repair as follows: when
the public way crosses the railroad by an overhead bridge, the frame-
36 City Document No. 34.
work of the bridge and its abutments shall be maintained and kept in
repair by the railroad company, and the surface of the bridge and its
approaches shall be maintained and kept in repair by the town or city in
which the same are situated. When the public way passes under the rail-
road, the bridge and its abutments shall be maintained and kept in repair
by the railroad company, and the public way and its approaches shall be
maintained and kept in repair by the town or city in which they ai*e
situated.
Sect. 7. The court shall appoint an auditor, who shall be a disinter-
ested person, not an inhabitant of the city or town in which the crossing
is situated, to whom shall from time to time be submitted all accounts
of expense, whether incurred by the railroads, city, town, commission,
or auditor, who shall audit the same and make report thereon to the
court; which auditing, when accepted by the court, shall be final. The
compensation of the auditor shall be determined in accordance with the
provisions of law relative to the compensation of auditors appointed by
the superior court in civil cases. Said court shall, from time to time,
issue its decrees for payment on the part of the railroad corporation,
not exceeding - the amounts apportioned to it by said auditor, and for the
payment on the pai't of the Commonwealth, not exceeding the amounts
apportioned to the Commonwealth and to the city or town ; and such
city or town shall repay to the Commonwealth the amount apportioned
to the city or town by said auditor, in such annual payments as the
auditor of the Commonwealth may designate ; and the amount of the
payment designated for the year, with interest thereon at the rate of
four per cent per annum from the date of the acceptance of the report of
the auditor, in the case of the first payment, and for one year, in the
case of each of the other payments, shall be included by the treasurer
and receiver general in, and made a part of, the sum charged to such
city or town, and be assessed upon it in the apportionment and assess-
ment of its annual state tax; and said treasurer shall in each year notify
such city or town of the amount of such assessment, which amount shall
be paid by the city or town into the treasury of the Commonwealth at
the time required for the payment and as a part of its state tax.
Sect. 8. The superior court or any justice thereof sitting in equity in
any county shall have jurisdiction to compel compliance with this act,
and with the decrees, agreements, and decisions made thereunder ; and
may issue and enforce such interlocutory decrees and orders as justice
may require ; and it shall be the duty of the attorney-general or his assist-
ants to appear and represent the Commonwealth in all suits and pro-
ceedings arising under this act. Service of the petition and all notices
or processes may be made upon the Commonwealth by leaving an
attested copy in the hands or in the office of the attorney-general.
Sect. 9. If the board of aldermen of a city or the selectmen of a-
town in which a public way and a railroad cross each other, and the
board of directors of the railroad company, are of opinion that it is
necessary for the security and convenience of the public that alterations
should be made in such crossing, in the approaches thereto, in the loca-
tion of a railroad or public way, or in the grades thereof, or in a bridge
at such ci'ossing, or that such crossing should be discontinued with or
without building a new way in substitution therefor, and if they agree
as to the alterations which should be made, an instrument in writing
signed in behalf of a city by the mayor, on being thereto duly author-
ized by the board of aldermen, or in behalf of a town by the chairman
of the selectmen, on being thereto duly authorized by the board of se-
lectmen, and by the president of the railroad company, on being thereto
duly authorized by its board of directors, specifying the manner and
limits within which the alterations shall be made, and by which party
the work shall be done, or how it shall be apportioned between the city
or town and the railroad company, the general method of construction,
Street Department. 37
the grades for the railroad and the public way or ways, and also what
land or other property it is necessary to take, and what portion, if any,
of an existing public way is to be discontinued, and how the cost thereof
shall be apportioned between the city or town and the railroad company,
shall be valid and binding on the city or town and the railroad company,
respectively, and have the same force and effect as a decree of the court
under the provisions of this act : provided, that the board of railroad
commissioners, after notice to all parties interested by advertisement
and a public hearing, approve of the alterations set forth in the agree-
ment as necessary for the convenience and security of the public. Said
approval by the board shall constitute a taking of the land and other
property specified in the agreement as necessary to be taken, and it shall
be the duty of the clerk of said board, within thirty days after such ap-
proval, to cause a copy of the agreement and approval to be tiled with
the county commissioners of the county or counties in which the land or
other property taken and the crossing are situated, and also to be re-
corded in the registry of deeds for the counties and districts in which
such land, property, and crossing are situated, and also to be filed with
the auditor of the Commonwealth. The provisions contained in this
act relating to the taking of land under a decree of the court and in re-
lation to the recovery of damages sustained by any person in consequence
of such taking, or of the alterations made in pursuance of said decree,
shall apply to the taking of land and damages sustained under an agree-
ment between the city or town and the railroad company made as herein
provided; except that the petition for the determination of damages
may be brought within one year after the date of the approval of such
agreement by the board of railroad commissioners. After the completion
of the work the crossing and approaches shall be maintained and kept
in repair as provided in section six of this act. If the agreement pro-
vides for the abolition of a public grade crossing it shall be the duty of
the board of railroad commissioners to keep itself informed of the
progress and character of the work and the amounts reasonably expended
for work done or for damages, so far as rendered necessary for the abo-
lition of the grade crossing ; and for that purpose it may employ any
necessary agents, and from time to time as it may deem proper shall
issue certified statements of the amount legally and properly expended
for such abolition of a grade crossing; and the Commonwealth shall
pay to the parties entitled thereto under the agreement twenty per cen-
tum of such expenditure.
Sect. 10. The amount to be paid under the provisions of this act by
the Commonwealth in any one year (the year beginning with the passage
of this act) shall not exceed five hundred thousand dollars, and the
total amount to be paid by the Commonwealth under the provisions of
this act shall not exceed five million dollars ; and the treasurer and re-
ceiver-general of the Commonwealth shall pay the amount of cost al-
lotted to the State from any money not otherwise appropriated, and is
hereby authorized, when requested by the governor and council so to
do, to issue and sell bonds from time to time, under such terms and
conditions, and with a sinking-fund for their redemption, as shall best
jjromote the welfare of the Commonwealth.
Sect. 11. Notice shall be filed by the petitionei'S with the railroad
commissioners of the entry of any petition under the provisions of this
act; and in case application shall he made for changes in grade cross-
ings, which will require, in the opinion of said commissioners after an
examination of the decision of the commission appointed by the court,
a larger expenditure in any one year on the part of the Commonwealth
than the amount provided for by this act, said railroad commissioners
shall have full power to decide which, if any, of said pending petitions
shall be proceeded with during the year; and no decree shall be entered
under any such petition until a certificate is tiled thereon by the railroad
38 City Document No. 34.
commissioners, that, in their judgment, the expenditure on the part of
the Commonwealth will not exceed the amount provided for by this act.
Sect. 12. The provisions of sections one hundred and twenty-nine to
one hundred and thirty-six, inclusive, of chapter one hundred and
twelve of the Public Statutes, chapter one hundred and thirty-five of
the acts of the year eighteen hundred and eighty-two, chapter one hun-
dred and ninety-four of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and eighty-
five, and chapter two hundred and ninety-five of the acts of the year eigh-
teen hundred and eighty-seven, so far as they relate to proceedings for
the abolition of grade crossings, shall not apply to the provisions of this
act : provided, however, that nothing in this act shall have effect upon
cases pending or upon any right accrued at the time of its passage.
Sect. 13. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
[Approved June 21, 1890. .]
This act was amended in Section 4 by the Act of May
19, 1892 (Chapter 312), and by the Act of May 3, 1893
(Chapter 283).
The wording of the act is given as amended.
West Fourth-street Crossing.
The Directors of the Old Colony Railroad Company peti-
tioned the Superior Court for the alteration of the grade
crossing of the railroad and West Fourth street. A hearing
was given in November, 1892, at the office of the Railroad
Commissioners, at which Mr. J. H. Benton, Jr., appeared
for the Railroad Company, and the City Solicitor for the
city of Boston.
It was decided that it was necessary for the convenience
and security of the public that an alteration should be made
in the crossing, and in the approaches thereto, by which
" the crossing at grade " should be abolished.
The limits of the alterations were determined upon as
follows :
From the westerly line of Dorchester avenue at West
Fourth at a point ten feet south of the southerly line, to in-
clude the area of West Fourth street and areas of private
land taken to Foundry street, crossing Foundry street to
intersection of Fourth and Dover streets : to include Dover
street from Foundry to Albany, Albany street to a point
320 feet south of southerly line of Dover, Bristol street
100 feet west of Albany, Dover street 188.6 feet west
of Albany, and Albany street 345 feet north of Dover to
Troy street.
Grades.
The grade beginning at Dorchester avenue and West
Fourth at grade 17.50 rises 3.5 feet per hundred for about
471 feet, thence by an ascending grade of 0.32 feet
per hundred for 400 feet ; thence level 245 feet at grade
Street Department. 39
35.27 ; thence descending 3.5 feet per hundred for about
344 feet; thence level across Albany street at grade 23.23 ;
thence descending 3.5 feet per hundred 188.6 feet to grade
16.63 at Dover street (present grade).
Albany street was to rise from Troy 2.18 feet per hun-
dred to Dover; thence level at grade 23.23 across Dover;
thence descending 2.0 feet per hundred for 320 feet to the
present grade of Albany.
Bristol street was to begin at grade 18.93 at the westerly
line of Albany ; thence descending by 2.0 feet per hundred
for 100 feet to meet the present grade.
All intersections of grade lines were to be softened by
easy transition curves from one grade to another. Certain
parcels of land were necessarily taken, one belonging to
Charles U. Cotting and Francis Weld, trustees under the
will of Samuel K. Williams ; one belonging to Hervey C.
Corey, two parcels, to trustees of Cyrus Alger estate ; one
to the Old Colony Railroad company ; one to Mary C.
Devine ; and one to William H. Devine.
The portion of streets lying between Dorchester avenue
and Foundry street were to be supported by rubble masonry
retaining walls where necessary, with dimension stone cap
at the level of sidewalk.
The portion from the easterly line of Foundry street ex-
tending about 480 feet over Old Colony Railroad to the
dock of the Fort Point channel was to be constructed
with an iron truss bridge with plank roadway and sidewalks,
the bridge to be supported upon stone piers upon pile
foundation, with stone abutments at Foundry street. The
portion over Fort Point channel was to be supported upon
an iron bridge with paved roadway, supported upon iron
columns or stone piers and provided with draw span, the
westerly end of the bridge to be supported by a stone abut-
ment. From this point westerly, the roadway was to be
supported by rubble masonry retaining walls where neces-
sary, with dimension stone cap.
The railroad company was to do all the work except the
building of bridge across Fort Point channel, which was as-
signed to the city of Boston.
Sixty-live per cent, of the cost was to be borne by the
Old Colony Railroad Company, twenty-five per cent, by
the Commonwealth, and ten per cent by the city of Boston.
Dover-street Bridge.
The old Dover-street bridge, now removed on account of
the abolishing of the grade-crossing at West Fourth street,
40 City Document No. 34.
was of wood on a pile foundation with a double iron draw,
operated by horse power; it was originally built in 1805,
was rebuilt in 1858-1859, and later in 1876.
On July 26, 1893, the Board of Harbor and Land
Commissioners granted to the city of Boston a license
to rebuild a portion of Dover-street bridge in and over the
tidewaters of the Fort Point channel, as directed by a
special commission appointed under the provisions of the
grade-crossing act. The Board in granting this license im-
posed the condition that the draw-way in said bridge should
be built with an opening of not less than forty feet at all
stages of the tide for the passage of vessels ; but it was fur-
ther provided that until the draw-way in the bridge of the
Old Colony Railroad Company over Fort Point channel
shall be rebuilt and widened, the city may maintain its water-
pipes temporarily in their present position on the Dover-
street bridge and draw-way, with such structures as are
necessary for their support and protection, leaving a clear
opening of 36 feet in the draw- way, such water-pipes and
temporary structures to be removed or changed by the city
so as to leave a clear opening of 40 feet in the draw-way
whenever such removal or change shall be ordered by the
Board after hearing. The Old Colony Railroad bridge is
below the Dover-street bridge, so that the additional width
in the passageway in the Dover-street bridge draw will be
useless until the draw-way in the bridge of the Old Colony
Railroad Company is correspondingly widened.
In September, 1893, Dover street was closed to public-
travel, and work was commenced on the new structure. For
the convenience of foot-passengers a temporary draw was
erected, and passageways for foot travel constructed on either
side. These are maintained by this division. The work on
the South Boston end of the new structure is progressing
rapidly.
The full text of the decree of the court was as follows :
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS.
SUPERIOR COURT.
Suffolk, ss.
directors of the old colony railroad company, petitioners for
alteration of the grade crossing of the railroad of said
company, and west fourth street, in the city of boston.
Decision of Commission.
The commissioners, heretofore appointed in said matter, decide and
report as follows :
X
<J
cc
1-
cc
o
o
D_
o
o
Street Department. 41
First. We gave notice of a heaving upon said petition on the
fourteenth day of November, 1892, at the office of the Railroad Com-
missioners in the city of Boston, by publishing a copy of said petition
and an order of notice of said time and place of hearing in the " Boston
Journal" and the "Boston Herald, 1 ' newspapers published in the city
of Boston, and by serving an attested copy of said petition and notice
upon the Secretary of the Commonwealth and the Attorney-General,
and the Treasurer and Clerk of the city of Boston, more than thirty
days before said time of hearing, as appeai-s by the return of service
upon said petition and order of notice herewith returned.
Second. At the time and place notified, as above set forth, a hearing
was held by the commissioners, at which J. H. Benton, Jr., appeared
for the petitioners, the City Solicitor appeared for the city of Boston.
And now, having duly considered the evidence and arguments sub-
mitted to us in this matter, we decide and report as follows :
First. We decide and report that it is necessary for the convenience
and security of the public that an alteration should be made in the
crossing of West Fourth street and of the railroad of the Old Colony
Railroad Company in the city of Boston, in the approaches thereto, and
in the gi-ades of said West Fourth street and Dover street, so as to avoid
such crossing at grade as alleged in the petition.
Second. We prescribe the manner and limits within which such
alterations shall be made, as follows :
The grade of West Fourth street, Dover street, and Albany and
Bristol streets shall be altered and established within the following
limits, as follows :
Limits. Beginning at a point in the intersection of the westerly side
line of Dorchester avenue and a line drawn ten (10) feet southerly from
and parallel to the southerly side line of West Fourth street ; thence
running westerly ten (10) feet from and parallel to the southerly side
line of West Fourth street about three hundred and ninety-eight (398)
feet to the easterly side line of Foundry street; thence in the same
straight line across Foundry street fifty (50) feet to the intersection of
the westerly side line of Foundry street with the southerly side line of
West Fourth street ; thence westerly by said southerly side line of West
Fourth street and Dover street, crossing the Old Colony Railroad and
Fort Point channel about fourteen hundred and sixty (1,460) feet to the
easterly side line of Albany street ; thence southerly in said easterly side
line of Albany street about three hundred and twenty (320) feet_ to a
point; thence westerly at right angles to the last described line eighty
(80) feet to the westerly side line of Albany street; thence northerly in
said westerly side line of Albany street about eighty-five (85) feet to
its intersection with the southerly side line of Bristol street; thence
westerly in said southerly side line of Bristol street about one hundred
(100) feet to a point; thence northerly at right angles to said last
described line forty (40) feet to the northerly side line of Bristol street;
thence easterly in said northerly side line of Bristol street about one
hundred (100) feet to its intersection with the westerly side line of
Albany sh-eet; thence northerly in said westerly side line of Albany
street about one hundred and ninety-five (195) feet to the southerly side
line of Dover street; thence westerly in said southerly side line of
Dover street one hundred and eighty-eight and six-tenths (188.6) feet;
thence northerly at right angles to the last described line sixty (60) feet
to the northerly side line of Dover street; thence easterly in said
northerly side line one hundred and eighty-eight and six-tenths (188.6)
feet to the westerly side line of Albany street ; thence northerly in said
westerly side line of Albany street about three hundred and forty-five
(846) feet to its intersection" with the southerly side line of Troy street;
thence easterly at right angles to said westerly side line of Albany
street eighty (80) feet to the easterly side line of Albany street; thence
42 City Document No. 34.
southerly in said easterly side line of Albany street about three hundred
and forty-live (345) feet to the northerly side line of Dover street ;
thence easterly in said northerly side line of Dover street across the
Fort Point channel and the Old Colony Railroad about fourteen hundred
and sixty (1,460) feet to the westerly side line of Foundry street; thence
in the same straight line across Foundry street fifty (50) feet to the
intersection of the easterly side line of Foundry street -with the
northerly side line of West Fourth street; thence easterly in said
northerly side line of West Fourth street about three hundred and
eighty-eight (388) feet to the westerly side line of Dorchester avenue ;
thence southerly in said westerly side line of Dorchester avenue about
sixty-three (63) feet to the point of beginning.
The grades of the surfaces of West Fourth street, Dover street,
Albany street, and Bristol street, as altered, are established upon the
city of Boston base or datum plane, and upon their centre lines are as
follows :
The alteration of grade of West Fourth street and Dover street begins
in the centre line of West Fourth street at its interesection with the
westerly side line of Dorchester avenue at elevation 17.50, thence by an
ascending grade of three and five-tenths (3.5) feet per hundred (100)
feet, about four hundred and seventy-one (471) feet to elevation 34.00 ;
thence by an ascending grade of thirty-two one-hundredths (0.32) feet
per hundred (100) feet four hundred (400) feet to elevation 35.27;
thence level two hundred and forty-five (245) feet to elevation 35.27 ;
thence by a descending grade of three and five-tenths (3.5) feet per
hundred (100) feet, about three hundred and forty-four (344) feet to the
easterly side line of Albany street at elevation 23.23 ; thence level
eighty (80) feet to the westerly side line of Albany street at elevation
23.23 ; thence by a descending grade of three and five-tenths (3.5) feet
per one hundred (100) feet one hundred and eighty-eight and six-tenths
(188.6) feet to elevation 16.63 at the present grade of Dover street.
The alteration of grade of Albany street begins in the centre line of
Albany street at its intersection with the southerly side line of Troy
street produced at elevation 15.70 ; thence by an ascending grade of two
and eighteen one-hundredths (2.18) feet per one hundred (100) feet
about three hundred and forty-five (345) feet to the northerly side line
of Dover street at elevation 23.23 ; thence level sixty (60) feet to the
southerly side line of Dover street at elevation 23.23 ; thence by a de-
scending grade of two (2) feet per hundred (100) feet about three hun-
dred and twenty (320) feet -to elevation 16.83 at the present grade of
Albany street.
The alteration of grade of Bristol street begins in the centime line of
Bristol street at its intersection with the westerty side line of Albany
street at elevation 18.93; thence by a descending grade of two (2) feet
per hundred (100) feet about one hundred (100) feet until it meets the
present grade of Bristol street.
All the grade lines as described shall have their intersection so
altered by a curved line as to form an easy transition curve from one
grade to the other. The length of these curves shall not exceed one
hundred (100) feet.
Said alteration of the grades of Albany street and Bristol street is
incidental to and necessai'ily required by the alterations hereinabove
provided for and in the grades of West Fourth street and Dover street.
To make the alterations hereinabove provided for, it is necessary to
take for highway purposes the following-described parcels of land
which are hereby taken for highway purposes :
A parcel of land supposed to belong to Charles U. Cottine: and Francis
Weld, trustees under the will of Samuel K. Williams, being a strip of
land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly by the westerly side line of
Dorchester avenue about eleven (11) feet; northerly by the southerly
Street Department. 43
side line of West Fourth street about ninety-nine (99) feet ; westerly
by land supposed to belong to Hervey 0. Corey ten (10) feet ; southerly
by remaining land of said Cotting and AVeld, trustees, about one hun-
dred and three (103) feet, and containing ten hundred and ten (1,010)
square feet, more or less.
Also, a parcel of land supposed to belong to Hervey C. Corey, being
a strip of land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly by land supposed to
belong to said Cotting and Weld, trustees, ten (10) feet ; northerly by the
southerly side line of West Fourth street, about thirty-one (31) feet ;
westerly by land supposed to belong to trustees of Cyrus Alger estate
ten (10) feet; southerly by remaining land of said Hervey C. Corey,
thirty-one (31) feet, and containing three hundred and ten (310) square
feet, more or less.
Also, a parcel of land supposed to belong to the trustees of Cyrus
Alger estate, being a strip of land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly
by land supposed to belong to said Corey, ten (10) feet; northerly by
the southerly side line of West Fourth street, about sixty-three feet ;
easterly by land of Old Colony Railroad Company, about ten (10) feet ;
southerly "by remaining land of said trustees of Cyrus Alger estate,
about sixty-one (61) feet, and containing six hundred and twenty
(620) square feet, more or less.
Also, a parcel of land belonging to the Old Colony Railroad Com-
pany, being a strip of land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly by land
supposed to belong to said trustees of Cyrus Alger estate, about ten (10)
feet ; northerly by the southerly side line of West Fourth street, about
twenty-five (25) feet; easterly by other land supposed to belong to
said trustees, about ten (10) feet; southerly by remaining land of said
Old Colony Railroad Company, about twenty-five (25) feet, and con-
taining two hundredand fifty (250) square feet, more or less.
Also, a parcel of land supposed to belong to trustees of Cyrus Alger
estate, being a strip of land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly by
land of said Old Colony Railroad Company, about ten (10) feet; noi'th-
erly by the southerly side line of West Fourth street, about ninety-
seven (97) feet; westerly by land supposed to belong to Mary C. De-
vine, ten (10) feet; southerly, by remaining land of said trustees, about
ninety-nine (99) feet, and containing nine hundred and eighty (980)
square feet, more or less.
Also, a parcel of land supposed to belong to Mary C. Devine, being
a strip of land ten feet wide, bounded easterly by land supposed to be-
long to trustees of Cyrus Alger estate, ten (10) feet; noi-therly, by the
southerly side line of West Fourth street, thirty-eight (38) feet; west-
erly by land supposed to belong to William H. Devine, ten (10) feet;
southerly by remaining land of said Mary C. Devine, thirty-eight (38)
feet, and containing three hundred and eighty (380) square feet, more
or less.
Also, a parcel of land supposed to belong to William H. Devine,
being a strip of land ten (10) feet wide, bounded easterly by land
supposed to belong to said Mary C. Devine, ten (10) feet; northerly by
the southerly side line of West Fourth street, about forty-one (41) feet;
westerly by the easterly side line of Foundry street, ten (10) feet; south-
erly by remaining land of said William H. Devine, about forty-one (41)
feet, containing four hundred and ten (410) feet, more or less.
Dover street, West Fourth street, Albany street, and Bristol street,
as thus altered in the location and grade thereof, shall be constructed of
the full width of the limits shown upon the plan herewith filed, en-
titled " Plan of Proposed Alteration of the Crossing of the Old Colony
Railroad and West Fourth street in the City of Boston," and verified by
the signatures of the commissioners, and to the full width of said
streets, as widened by the taking of land hereinabove provided for.
Said streets shall also have a sidewalk ten (10) feet wide on each side
thereof, forming a part of^aid streets.
44 City Document No. 34.
The portion of said streets, from the westerly side of Dorchester
avenue to the easterly side line of Foundry street, shall be supported by
rubble masonry retaining walls, where necessary, upon the side lines
thereof, with a dimension-stone cap at the level of the sidewalk and
forming part thereof . and earth filling; and it shall have a paved road-
way and curbing and brick sidewalks.
The portion of said streets, from the easterly side line of Foundry street,
extending about four hundred and eighty (480) feet over the Old Col-
on}' Railroad to the dock of Fort Point channel, shall be constructed with
an iron truss bridge with plank roadway and sidewalks, as shown on
the plan thereof, made by the Boston Bridge Works, and verified by
the signatures of the commissioners, and hereto annexed and made part
of this report. Said bridge shall be supported upon stone piers upon
a pile foundation and with a stone abutment in the easterly side line of
Foundry street, as shown on said plan last mentioned.
The portion of said way extending about four hundred and ten (410)
feet over Fort Point channel shall be supported upon an iron bridge
that shall have a paved roadway and be supported upon iron columns or
stone piers, and shall have a draw span of such width, design, and con-
struction as shall be approved by the Harbor and Land Commissioners.
The westerly end of said bridge shall be supported by a stone abut-
ment upon pile foundations at or near the westerly dock line of Fort
Point channel. The portion of said streets lying westerly of said last-
named abutment and at the westerly dock line of Fort Point channel
shall be supported by rubble-masonry retaining walls, whei*e necessary,
upon the side lines thereof, with a dimension-stone cap at the level of
the sidewalk and forming a part thereof, and earth filling. It shall
have a paved roadway and curbing, and brick sidewalks of the width
hereinabove described.
Said streets and bridge within the limits described shall be suitably
fenced upon both sides.
Third. The Old Colony Railroad Company shall do all the work
herein provided for, except that the city of Boston shall build the bridge
over Fort Point channel and the draw therein and its appurtenances.
Fourth. The work herein oi'dered is to be done and the land to be
taken in accordance with the plans filed with this our decision, and
hereinbefore referred to as verified bj- our signatures.
Fifth. We decide that the expense of the alterations hereinabove
provided for, including the cost of the hearing and the compensation of
the Commissioners and Auditors, and all damages shall be borne and
paid as follows, to wit :
Sixty-five (65) per cent, thereof by the Old Colony RailroadCompany,
as required by law; twenty-five (25) per cent, thereof by the Common-
wealth, and (10) per cent, thereof by the city of Boston.
(Signed) Chas. S. Lilley,
Fred'k H. Gili.ett,
Chas. Mills,
Commsisioners .
The city of Boston does not desire to be heard on the question of con-
firmation of this report by the court, but agrees thereto.
By its Attorney,
A. J. Bailey,
City Solicitor.
For the Commonwealth.
A. E. Pillsbdry,
Attorney- General .
By C. N. Harris,
2d Assistant Attorney -General for the Commonwealth.
Street Department. 45
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
In Board of Railroad Commissioners, November 17, 1892.
On the application of the Old Colony Railroad Company :
Ordered, That the Board hereby consents to the construction of a
bridge over the Old Colony Railroad at West Fourth street in Boston, at
a height provided for in the report of a special commission on the
alteration of the crossing of said Old Colony Railroad and West Fourth
street.
Attest : Wm. A. Crafts,
Clerk.
A true copy.
Attest: Wm. A. Crafts.
Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
In Board of Railroad Commissioners, November 17, 1892.
In the matter of the alteration of the grade crossing of the Old Colony
Railroad and West Fourth street in the city of Boston, an estimate of
the total cost of which alteration has been submitted to the Board.
The Board of Railroad Commissioners hereby certifies that in its
judgment the expenditure on the part of the Commonwealth for the
current year under this and previous certificates issued under the provi-
sions of Section 11 of Chapter 428, Acts of 1890, will not exceed the
limit prescribed by said Act.
Attest :
(Signed) Wm. A. Crafts,
Clerk.
A true copy.
Attest : Wm. A. Crafts,
Clerk.
West Chester-park Bridge, over Boston & Albany
Railroad.
This bridge has been thoroughly repaired and new asphalt
sidewalks have been laid. The granite abutments have been
raised so that the uneven grade that formerly existed in the
street has been greatly relieved. The carpenter and wood
work was performed by employees of the bridge division,
and all work was done under direction and supervision of
the City Engineer.
The bridge was stripped of its woodwork and the iron-
work was cleaned and painted. Such old hard-pine stringers
as were sound were replaced, and the surface of the bridge
was moulded to the required form by additional woodwork,
and replanked.
The sidewalks were rebuilt of the full width of the side-
walks on the street, or 15 feet in width in place of 12 feet.
The stone parapet was taken up and reset in cement mor-
tar to the new grade, and the new stone required by the
change in sidewalk furnished. The sidewalks were laid with
coal-tar concrete.
The street railroad was relaid mostly with new material to
46 City Document No. 34.
the new grade, and the street was regraded and macadam-
ized, the edgestones reset, and the brick sidewalks relaid
from Newbury street to Boylston street and beyond.
The grades adopted were such as to cause no damage to
adjoining real estate. The bridge was in such condition as
to require stripping and painting, and the special work of
the railroad at the corner of Boylston street was torn out ;
this intersection was in bad condition from settlement, and
was about one foot below the established grade.
The cost of the work on the bridge and parapet was
$5,118.71, and the cost of resurfacing West Chester park
and the adjoining streets was $4,081.95.
Broadway Bridge.
Extensive work has been done on this bridge. The Le-
high-street and Foundry-street spans have been strengthened
by hard-pine cross-beams and upright hard-pine supports ;
the other spans have been in like manner reinforced with
hard-pine beams hung under the iron girders ; the spans
nearest to the draw on both sides have been strengthened by
heavy trusses from above.
This work was done by contract and is finished. The
process of strengthening caused the demolition of the di-
vision stables, which were under the bridge, at Foundry
street, and no provision has as yet been made for rebuilding.
This matter should receive attention at the hands of the city
government, as the division is greatly inconvenienced by the
loss of this stable.
L-street Bridge.
It is to be hoped that early the coming summer this
bridge will be opened to foot travel. Owing to the fact
that Congress street from C street to L street has not yet
been laid out as a public street, it will be impossible for this
bridge to be used for team travel during the coming year.
Late in the fall preparations were made and work was
begun on a plank sidewalk on the Boston side of the bridge,
but the severity of the weather interfered with its continu-
ance during the winter months. Work will be commenced
at the earliest moment and pushed until completed.
Charles-river Bridge.
The original bridge was built in 1785-86 ; the present
structure was built in 1854-55 ; the draw was built in 1870.
The condition of this bridge has been growing worse from
Street Department. 47
year to year, and the very frequent closings to public travel,
which have occasioned much inconvenience, have prompted
the city government of 1894 to pass the following order :
Ordered, That the City Treasurer be hereby directed to issue, at his
discretion, and sell either coupon bonds or registered certificates of in-
debtedness of the city of Boston for the aggregate sum of seven hun-
dred and fifty thousand dollars ; said bonds or registered certificates of
indebtedness to be made payable at the office of the said City Treasurer
twenty years from the date of the same, with interest thereon at the
rate of four per centum per annum, payable semi-annually; and the
money received from the sale thereof is hereby appropriated for a
bridge between the city proper and Charlestown.
Ordered, That any premium obtained by the said City Treasurer in
the negotiation or sale of said bonds or certificates of indebtedness shall
be paid to the Board of Commissioners of Sinking-Funds for the re-
demption of the debt hereby created.
Approved February 12, 1894.
New asphalt sidewalks have been laid on Berkeley- street
bridge over the N.Y., N.H., & H. R.R. and on West Ches-
ter-park bridge over the B. & A. R.R.
The abutment walls of the following bridges have been
pointed with Portland cement mortar :
Berkeley street (B. & A. R.R.).
Ferdinand street (B. & A. R.R.).
Berkeley street (N.Y., N.H., & H. R.R.).
Huntington avenue (B. & A. R.R.).
The report of the Deputy Superintendent (Appendix A)
gives a detailed statement of expenditures on the various
bridges, and contains much useful information concerning
the nature of repairs and other matters.
BOSTON AND CAMBRIDGE BRIDGES.
By the provisions of the Acts of Legislature of 1870 and
1882, the care of the bridges uniting the city of Boston with
the city of Cambridge is placed in the hands of two commis-
sioners, one of whom is appointed by the city of Cambridge,
the other by the city of Boston.
The Boston commissioner, according to the Revised Ordi-
nances, is the Superintendent of Streets, and the present
commissioner for Cambridge is Mr. William J. Marvin.
The bridges thus provided for are four in number, namely :
48 City Document No. 34.
Canal or Craigie's bridge.
Harvard bridge.
Prison Point bridge.
West Boston bridge.
The following report will show, briefly, the general con-
dition of the various bridges, the repairs made, the work
needed to be done, together with a detailed statement of
expenditures :
Canal or Craigie's Bridge.
The up-stream fender on the Cambridge side has been re-
built in a substantial manner, the sides of the water-way
through the draw have been replanked, and the Samson
posts of the draw have been securely fastened in place. A
new boiler has been provided for the engine used for turning
the draw. The ordinary repairs have been made.
The West End Kailway Company has improved its appa-
ratus for crossing the draw, and the cars now run smoothly
and without delays. The drawtenders have kept the side-
walks clean, have painted the engine-house on the inside,
and made ordinary repairs on the bridge and engine.
The roadway is cleaned once a week, after midnight.
The draw is old and weak, and requires careful attention
to keep it in safe condition.
The replanting of the water-way should be completed and
the fences painted at once.
Harvard Bridge.
The fences, the plank outside the fences, and the watch-
houses at the ends of the bridge have been painted.
The switch of the electrical motor used for moving the
draw has been placed in a more convenient position, and the
apparatus for moving the draw rearranged. The switch is
now in a better position for use, and can be more easily kept
in condition and repairs can be more readily made than
before. This work was done by the drawtenders.
The position of the draw has been marked for navigation
at night by showing red and green electric lights. The red
light is shown on the up-stream side of the draw at the Bos-
ton end, and the green light on the down-stream side of the
draw at the Cambridge end.
The house on the draw pier should be painted and the
entire surface plank of the bridge renewed.
The roadway is cleaned once a week, and the surface plank
patched when necessary. The drawtenders keep the road-
way in order, the sidewalks free from snow, clean the elec-
Street Department. 49
trie light globes (72 in number) and help to clean the road-
way.
Prison-point Bridge.
The ell of the drawtenders house has been repaired, the
roof tinned and painted and the house renovated inside.
The work was done by the drawtender.
Ordinary repairs, such as planking draw, etc., have been
made.
This draw is old and hard to raise. It should be replaced
by a new draw before many years.
West Boston Bridge.
All the ironwork under the draw has been painted, an
addition made to the engine-house for a workshop, coal, ash,
and store house. The engine-house has been painted inside.
The usual repairs, such as paving, carpentering, etc., have
been attended to.
Cleaning on this bridge is done once a week, always after
midnight, so as not to interfere with travel. The addition
to engine-house, painting outside and inside, also repairs on
draw, and cleaning sidewalks, has been done by the draw-
tenders.
The sides of the water-way on the draw-pier will have to
be replanked.
The trusses for carrying the trolley-wires which were
placed on the draw in 1892 weighed about one ton each, and
were very unsightly. The West End Railroad Company's
attention was called to them, and this year they have re-
placed them by others weighing about six hundred pounds
each, thereby relieving the draw of a large and unnecessary
weight.
The filled part at the Cambridge end of the bridge has
been watered at a small expense, the abutters paying part of
the cost.
In General.
The usual statement is appended of the number of draw
openings and the number of vessels which passed through.
The amount of revenue received for dockage, rents, re-
pairs to West End Street Railway tracks, etc., during the
year has been $1,505.36 ; one-half, $752.68, has been paid to
the city of Cambridge.
The following is a statement of the payment made by the
city of Boston on account of Canal, Harvard, Prison Point,
and West Boston bridges, from February 1, 1893, to Jan-
uary 31, 1894:
50 City Document No. 34.
Amount of appropriation for financial year,
1893-94
Amount expended to January 31, 1894 .
Unexpended balance ....
$13,000 00
11,493 16
1 $1,506 84
Classification of Expenses.
1893.
General
Account.
Canal
Bridge.
Harvard
Bridge.
Prison
Point
Bridge.
West Bos-
ton Bridge.
Total.
$250 00
56 55
31 77
10 12
$250 00
56 55
Travelling ex-
Printing and sta-
Advertising, mes-
sengers, etc. . ,
Draw-tenders and
31 77
10 12
$1,140 00
281 68
1,417 68
371 26
289 77
242 10
190 00
$1,271 00
1,104 09
64 63
8 42
67 35
73 25
112 50
301 69
13 63
111 90
49 87
23 71
$274 12
147 37
63 55
54 78
37 50
$1,250 00
480 00
218 21
228 75
237 53
295 25
147 50
3,935 12
1,865 77
1,847 89
671 98
649 43
610 60
487 50
Electri c cu rrent an d
301 69
Fuel
131 03
21 47
51 13
10 55
11 87
114 55
48 04
28 95
41 49
62 46
11 00
259 21
Paint and painting,
181 41
140 50
Tools and hardware,
10 34
11 25
16 00
87 41
73 71
5 50
32 50
$348 44
$4,173 71
$3,202 04
$605 24
$3,163 73
$11,493 16
1 The above balance was transferred to the Board of Aldermen.
Street Department.
51
dumber of Times the Draws in Canal, Harvard, Prison
Point, and West Boston Bridges have been opened,
and the number of Vessels which have passed through,
for the year ending Jan. 31, 1894.
Date.
Canal.
Harvard.
Prison
Point.
West Boston.
February 1, 1803,
OS
ft .
OS
is
u
Q .
2&
a £
>2
a
sg
u
A .
1>2
to
"S 50
O *>
t-T3
°l
^3
2^
4. a
January 31, 1894.
x> 55
SB
a ft
£ «
£ a
£ si
P P.
£ a
§o
a P..
§o
a P<
sO
a P<
SO
a —
to
fc
to
!zi
to
if
to
fe
February, 1893 . .
9
10
23
48
March . .
75
95
20
33
30
42
26
40
April . .
257
293
169
202
47
I 62
105
159
May . . .
437
497
248
316
49
i 91
217
308
June • .
470
510
297
361
49
66
249
356
July . . .
449
497
210
271
48
67
270
376
August .
351
385
222
276
173
243
September
316
336
198
270
10
: 12
179
277
October .
307
333
158
268
73
113
193
313
November .
299
338
131
203
54
75
154
277
December
189
229
73
10S
42
73
102
186
January, 1894 . .
73
95
10
13
19
26
41
63
Totals ....
3,232
3,618
1,736
2,321
444
675
1,709
2,598
Statement showing Traffic over Bridges.
Date.
1893.
Bridge.
Foot
Passengers.
Teams.
Cars.
Car
Passengers.
September 8,
6 A.M.
6,704
2,515
2,883
5,428
5,517
2,690
2,121
3,015
496
270
11,928
10,612
to 7 P.M.
923
20,743
17,530
13,343
1,689
43,283
52
City Document No. 34.
PAVING DIVISION.
The following table shows the length of public highways
and the character of pavements, February 1, 1894:
, Length in Miles.
OS
P.
<
m
Asphalt Blocks.
Block.
a
m
o
O
O
Telford and
Macadam.
"3
6
•a
<u
■a
So
o
"3;
o
In previous Report.
5.31
0.69
74.78
0.36
4.59
208.74
137.21
11.66
443.34
February 1, 18S
City Proper . .
Charlestown . .
East Boston . .
South Boston .
Roxbury . . .
W. Roxbury . •
Dorchester . . .
Brighton . . .
4.
4.73
0.03
0.53
0.37
81
*41.89
8.45
4.38
11.58
7.82
0.09
3.47
0.
36
3.15
0.14
0.17
0.05
0.01
29.24
13.86
1.92
22.43
53.49
28.25
45.38
17.16
0.55
0.09
20.31
1.88
15.95
45.09
33.73
18.40
0.09
0.20
4.03
1.48
2.26
1.80
2.03
80.82
22.57
26.98
40.50
79.12
75.69
84.38
37.59
5.66
0.81
77.68
0.36
3.52
211.73
136.00
11.89
447.65
Note. — The above districts refer to areas enclosed by the original boundary lines.
* Of this amount 2.13 miles = granite-block paving on concrete with pitched joints.
Total length of public streets, 447.65 miles.
There have been laid out and accepted by the Street Com-
missioners during the year 6.293 linear miles ; many square
feet have been -discontinued without changing the mileage ;
24 linear feet have been discontinued; corrections to pre-
vious measurements on account of abolishing grade crossings,
and surrender of streets to the Park Department, show a
decrease of 1.98 miles, making a total net increase of 4.31
miles.
Not included in the above table, there are about 142 miles
of private ways and alleys which are not under the care of
this department.
Street Department.
53
The rate of increase from year to year is shown in the
following table
1859 111.50 miles.
1871 201.32 "
1872 207.4 "
1873 ....209.24 "
1874., 31390 "
1875 318.58 "
1876 , 327.50 "
1877 333.2 "
1878 3-10.39 »
1879 345.19 "
1880 350.54 "
1881 .355.5
1882 359.85 "
1883 367.99 miles.
1884... 374.10 "
1885 379.60 "
1886 383.55 "
1887 390.30 "
1888 392.72 "
1889 397 84 "
1890 404.6
1891 409.6
1892 .434.59 "
1893 443 34 "
1894 447.65"
Areas of Pavements.
The following table shows the areas of pavements in
square yards, arranged by districts :
Asphalt
Block.
Brick.
Cobble.
Telford
and
Macadam.
Gravel.
Not
graded.
Totals.
Feb. 1,1893.
100,812
1,615,925
3,638
57,321
3,820,830
2,264,965
220,217
8,083,708
Feb. 1,1894.
City Proper,
Charlest'n .
*96,558
421
tS94,034
194,668
104,206
244,457
163,425
2,067
74,594
3,638
35,593
1,043
3,470
1,192
408
569,581
205,861
38,118
390,809
969,522
482,227
805,971
415,669
10,913
1,105
386,208
38,365
260,268
711,081
555,365
281,129
1,222
3,731
83,599
28,274
33,727
36,036
32,539
1,611,539
403,098
535,733
8. Boston .
Roxbury .
W. Roxb'y
7,609
6,559
766,031
1,428,456
1,229,702
1,471,966
729,337
Total . .
111,147
1,677,451
3,638
41,706
3,877,758
2,245,034
219,128
8,175,862
* Of this amount, 13,586 sq. yds. = asphalt blocks.
t Of this amount, 42,619 sq. yds. = granite-block paving on concrete with pitched joints.
Total area of public streets, 8,175,862 sq. yds.
For the sake of comparing the character of the pavements
in the city of Boston with that of o.ther large cities, state-
ments were received direct from the cities named, which
cannot be classified exactly on the same basis on account of
the differences in the laws by which they become public, but
which will show iu ;i general way what styles of roadway
have been adopted in the several large cities by percentage :
54
City Document No. 34.
Distribution of Pavements in Public Highways.
S3
o
hn
S3 -
"3 a
01
u
09 -h
.J
an a
°
.£3 0)
O Ph
■s i
o3 a
& z
S3 S
£5 Oh
03
3
<D *3
13 S3
Ph Ph
Boston.
Per cent.
Sheet asphalt . .
43.90
15.74
7.56
15.82
2.40
1.65
37.97
11.42
9.2
1.26
Asphalt block .
Block stone . .
12.50
2.40
0.36
2.51
64.38
0.08
30.25
0.05
72.28
2.2
24.4
0.18
17.35
Cobble
8.98
0.06
31.0
5.8
13.4
0.79
0.11
0.11
30.86
0.81
0.08
Rubble
♦Telford .
9.60
73.10
0.13
0.47
30.26
0.03
10.12
* Macadam . . .
8.00
16.19
13.4
37.18
33.04
0.02
0.6
Percentages . .
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
Mileage ....
165.00
365.83
1,007.05
396.4
455.75
852.14
417.65
*.Not usually well separated in the reports of the various cities.
The most striking feature of the above table is the fact
that Boston shows such a small percentage of paved streets,
and still further, that every other city shows from two to
thirty times as much, sheet asphalt as Boston. Well may
Buffalo boast of being the best-paved city in America, with
its one hundred and fifty miles of asphalt and one hundred
and twenty miles of block-stone pavement, or two hundred
and seventy odd miles of improved pavement, out of a total
mileage of three hundred ninety-six miles, as against our
eighty miles, mostly of stone pavement, out of a mileage of
four hundred and forty-seven miles.
Asphalt pavements in Europe are said to have the follow-
ing approximate areas and lengths :
London . . . .
Paris .....
Berlin .....
Other cities ....
Square Yards.
3-70,000
401,617
1,280,796
271,000
Miles.
24
26
83
18
2,323,413
151
fctl)
Street Department. 55
The city of Buffalo alone has more miles of asphalt than
all the cities in Europe, where these pavements have been
in use since 1854, while the industry has only been develop-
ing in this country for sixteen years. In this short time the
United States and Canada are said to have laid in seventy-
five cities upwards of 14,000,000 square yards or 3,000
acres, and an aggregate length of nearly 800 miles.
Such cities as Scranton, Pa., Wilkesbarre, Erie, St.
Joseph, Mo., Louisville, Ky., all contain more asphalt than
Boston, while Omaha has five times as much, Washington
ten times as much, and Buffalo thirty times as much. This
condition of things largely increases the expense of the
maintenance of pavements in this city, as the excessive
mileage of unpaved streets not only calls for large expendi-
tures for repairs, but the expense of cleaning is increased
from $12 per mile to seventy-five dollars ($75), and in
some cases to over one hundred dollars ($100) per mile.
The unevenness and irregularity of slope of some of our
older pavements are appalling, due in some cases to a poor
foundation or bed, and in some to the free and unrestricted
license to private corporations in former years to tear up a
pavement without a guarantee of its proper replacement, and
to locate drip-boxes, manholes, gate-boxes, and covers of
various sizes and kinds, all without due attention to the es-
tablished grade and crown of the streets.
The inevitable conclusion, both from the comparison of
our scant mileage of pavement with other cities, and from
the consideration of the inferior, not to say disgraceful, con-
dition of many of our older business streets that have not
been repaved for many years, is that a strong effort should
be made to provide means for the replacing of these pave-
ments with more perfect and sanitary forms of pavement.
Such pavements should be extended as rapidly as possible
until they cover the majority of our streets.
Pavements laid in 1891.
In the year 1891 several experimental pavements were
laid, under varying conditions of travel, with a view of
special study as to the merits of some of the newer forms of
paving, notably brick paving, Hastings' asphalt-block pav-
ing, and Sicilian rock paving, all of which could be compared
with the Trinidad asphalt.
Three streets were paved with brick: Genesee and Seneca
streets were paved with a fire-clay brick made by the Park
Fire-Clay Company of Park Quarries, Beaver County, Pa.
Oswego street was paved with red brick made by the .New
56 City Document No. 34.
England Pressed Brick Company, of Rhode Island. The
three streets are about five hundred (500) feet long and in
the same section of the city.
Rochester street, which is of the same length and parallel
with the others, was paved with Hastings' compressed as-
phalt blocks. All of these .streets extend from Harrison
avenue to Albany street, and none of them are connected in
such a way as to make them thoroughfares, yet all have a
fair amount of travel.
Seneca street is fourteen (14) feet only between the curbs ;
the others are about twenty (20) feet between curbs. The
cost of paving with fire-clay brick on gravel foundation
(Seneca and Oswego streets) was $2.75 per square yard, the
contractor preparing the bed and furnishing all materials.
The Cost of the red New England brick (Oswego street)
was $2.40 per square yard, on the same conditions. Com-
pressed asphalt-block paving (Rochester street) cost about
$2.85 per square yard, exclusive of the cost of preparing
the roadbed, which cost about 40 cents, making the total
cost about $3.25; the price paid for asphalt-block paving
includes a five-year guarantee on maintenance.
West Newton street, from Shawmut avenue to Columbus
avenue, was paved with Hastings' blocks in the same year,
and cost $3.10 per square yard, exclusive of preparing the
roadbed, which cost about 27 cents per square yard, making
the total cost about $3.37 per square yard, with a five-year
maintenance guarantee. The contract for brick paving car-
ried no maintenance guarantee.
In the same year Trinidad asphalt paving on concrete
foundation cost $3.60 per square yard on Beacon street,
including guarantee of five years for maintenance ; and
Columbus avenue was resurfaced on the old concrete founda-
tion, at the rate of $2.25 per square yard, with five years'
guarantee. All the paving except the Trinidad asphalt was
laid on a prepared and rolled gravel bed without a concrete
base.
The City Engineer was requested to make an examination
of these special pavements this year, and his opinion is ex-
pressed in the following statement of their condition :
" Of the three streets paved with brick, there is not much
to choose as regards their present condition ; all of them are
in need of repairs at the present time. There is no record
that Seneca street has up to this time received any repair on
account of wear. Oswego street has been repaired at a cost
of $211.
" Genesee street has been repaired at a cost of $160.23.
As there are 1,091 square yards of paving, the cost has been
Street Department. 57
about 15 cents per square yard, and about 20 cents per square
yard is known to have been expended on Oswego street.
" No substantial reason is found why Seneca street should
be less worn than Genesee street. Both were paved from
the same lot of brick, except that Seneca street being nar-
rower than Genesee street, it may possibly receive less
travel. The condition of these streets is unsatisfactory,
and shows a wear of the material, aside from an unevenness
of surface, on account of defective foundation. Oswego
street is in worse condition than Genesee street.
"Rochester street (asphalt blocks) shows wear on the
blocks, but is in good condition. Slight repairs only have
been necessary.
" Beacon street and Columbus avenue have been repaired
by the contractor, and although they will require repairs this
season, they are in good condition.
" The red brick paving is in the poorest condition of any
examined, and next in order comes the fire brick, then
asphalt blocks, and lastly the sheet asphalt, which stands
the best of all. The bricks are worn and broken in places
where most used. This is particularly noticeable at the
entrances where teams turn as they enter.
"The same fact is noticeable in Hamilton place (private
way), paved in 1888 with fire-clay brick, made in Boston.
The pavement is worn at the entrance and at the end next
the Music Hall where carriages turn, while it is in very good
condition otherwise. The same condition obtains with the
asphalt-block pavement.
" The asphalt blocks wear during cold weather Iry spalling
off corners, and leaving the blocks rounding on the tops like
old granite olocks ; when warmer weather comes, the blocks
soften and flatten under the traffic, and the streets appear in
much better condition than earlier in the season.
"While the experience with brick paving in Boston is not
encouraging, yet there is much being done in the way of
producing better paving-brick, and doubtless progress has
been made in the last three years, and it is recommended
that limited areas be paved with the best procurable bricks,
on a concrete base."
The experience of other cities on this subject is not to be
ignored, since many attempts have been made to put brick
paving on a surer basis. The results of investigations of
our own engineers seem to agree with the reports of special
committees of some other cities, to the effect that while, in
form, brick paving is commendable; both as to cleanliness
and sanitary features, yet it cannot be fully relied upon in
huge cities where the traffic is heavy.
58 City Document No. 34.
It has given the best satisfaction in the smaller cities, and
its principal weakness has been in the failure to produce the
exact degree of vitrification and uniformity required to build
a street that is impregnable throughout the entire length.
Useless and costly experiments of trying to use bricks made
from clays that are incapable of vitrification are unwarranted ;
but, taking advantage of the experience of Philadelphia,
Wheeling, Newark, Columbus, Cincinnati, Kansas City,
Quincy, Galesburg, Rock Island, Davenport, Detroit, and
other cities noted for their brick paving, the right clay may
yet be found that will stand the tests of absorption, abrasion,
compression, vitrification, and the more practical test of
actual street wear.
When a proper clay is found, there remains yet another
problem, — how to handle and deliver the same so that the
element of cost due to freight, etc., shall not have been in-
creased to the high-water mark of granite or asphalt, whose
durability is not questioned.
No sheet rock-asphalt was laid in 1891, but in 1892 con-
siderable areas were laid. Two streets were laid in the near
vicinity of the brick pavement ; namely, Decatur street and
Motte street. Davis street, parallel to these streets and
lying between them, was paved with Trinidad asphalt also,
in 1892. All three streets are in good condition ; only one
break, due to wear, having been found on them, that being in
the gutter of Motte street.
It would be difficult to distinguish the natural rock-asphalt
from the Trinidad asphalt by its appearance. During the
examination, the policeman whose beat includes all these
streets was asked if he had observed any difference in slip-
periness between Davis . and Decatur streets, but he could
not say that one was more slippery than the other. In gen-
eral, the asphalt streets continue to give excellent satis-
faction.
Streets paved with granite blocks on concrete in 1891
have required no expense for maintenance, and will require
none for many years. They retain their grades perfectly,
are easily cleaned, shed water without trouble even where
but little fall can be obtained, and, from the fact that they
have been carefully graded, a marked appearance of stability
is given to the street. This stable appearance is never seen
after the first year in streets without the concrete base, as
even small settlements or changes of form give an appear-
ance of unstability and weakness, and this generally occurs
when only the gravel base is used.
o
o
Steeet Department. 59
Pavements laid in 1893.
The general character of the work done during the year
1893 has been similar to that of the previous year. No
conditions have developed to change the conclusions already
stated as to the method of laying granite-block paving on a
cement concrete base and pitching the joints.
The advantage of the concrete base is beyond dispute,
while the practical superiority of the pitched joint over the
gravel joint may be stated in two essential particulars :
first, a newly laid pitched pavement can be opened up for
travel at once, in absolutely clean condition, in contrast to
the former method of covering off with gravel that must
require months of travel to grind it into the joints, while
in the meantime the alternate mud and dust thus created is
a source of annoyance and discomfort to the abutters ; and,
second, the tight joint prevents the surface-water from
leaking through into the sand-bed and washing it out from
under the blocks, and thus causing them to settle. Neither
should the point be lost sight of or ignored that if the street
wash is carried at once by an impervious pavement and
gutter directly into the catch-basin, and thence into the drain-
age system, the sanitary condition of the street is imme-
diately changed. No longer can there exist the process of
fermentation and putrefaction of the confined masses of
stagnant street liquids, animal and vegetable matter, that
fill every crevice and hollow between and under the blocks
where joints are left open. If such a source of danger to
public health can be thus removed, the benefits received
more than offset the temporary annoyance of the tar-kettle
and the additional cost of the pitching.
Large blocks have been preferred, measuring in width
from three and a half (3 J) to four and one-half (41) inches ;
in length, from nine (9) to fourteen (14) inches; "and aver-
aging not less than eleven and one-half (11 J) inches; and
in depth, from seven and one-half (7^) to eight (8) inches.
They have cost seventy-three and one-half dollars ($73.50)
per M., delivered on the wharves. No brick pavements have
been laid during the year. Too much care and attention
cannot be given to the design of manhole frames and covers,
as to form, dimension, non-perishable material, and location,
as they tend to break up the general evenness and true slope
of the theoretical cross-section, if laid irregularly, and also
lead to an uneven wear of the pavement due to the extra
hammer blows of heavily loaded vehicles passing over these
jogs. Both Trinidad and Sicilian rock-asphalt have been
60 City Document No. 34.
laid during the year, and continue to give good satisfaction
when laid in localities to which they are adapted.
The following statement of the City Engineer contains
the main features of the special work of construction assigned
to him by this department for engineering supervision :
City of Boston, Engineering Department,
50 City Hall, February 1, 1894.
Mr. H. H. Carter, Superintendent of Streets:
Sir : I herewith submit the following report of the work
done under my direction for the Street Department during
the year 1893 :
The following are the principal items of work done :
Block-stone paving on a concrete base laid with pitch
joints, 569.5 square yards, at an average cost of about $4.75
per square yard.
Block-stone paving on a gravel base laid with pitch joints,
1,816.5 square yards, at an average cost of about $3.50 per
square yard.
Block-stone paving on a gravel base with gravel joints,
24,583.8 square yards, at an average cost of about $3 per
square yard.
Trinidad sheet-asphalt on a concrete base, 7,361.3 square
yards, at an average cost of about $3.75 per square yard.
Sicilian rock-asphalt on a concrete base, 2,734.5 square
yards, at an average cost of about $3.75 per square yard.
Edgestones set, 15,765 lineal feet. Brick sidewalks laid,
11,124 square yards. Flagging crosswalks laid, 847 square
yards.
The following is a statement of the streets paved, for
which plans were made, lines and grades given, and the
work supervised :
Arch Street. — From Milk street to Franklin street was
resurfaced above the old concrete base, with Trinidad
asphalt, by the Barber Asphalt Company. The surface re-
moved was asphalt.
Beacon Street. — From Tremont to Bowdoin street was
paved with granite blocks, with pitch joints, on a gravel
base. The surface removed was macadam. The edgestones
were reset and brick sidewalks put in order ; contractor,
F. H. Cowin & Co. Two new catch-basins were built, one
on Somerset street and one on Beacon street.
Beacon Street. — From Gloucester street to W. Chester
park was paved with Trinidad asphalt by the Barber Asphalt
Company. The concrete base was laid by the Metropolitan
Construction Company, and edgestones and sidewalks put
Street Department. 61
in order by F. H. Cowin & Co. The surface removed was
macadam.
Bennington Street, East Boston. — From Marion to
Chelsea street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel
base. The edgestones were reset and brick sidewalks put in
order. The suface removed was macadam. Contractors,
Doherty & O'Leary. The street railroad was relocated, and
the edgestones set on new lines. Three new catch-basins
were built.
Carver Street. — From Eliot to Pleasant street was
paved with granite blocks on a gravel base. The edge-
stones and sidewalks were put in order. The surface
removed was cobble pavement. Contractors, F. H. Cowin
&Co.
Condor Street, East Boston. — From Border to Meridian
street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base. The
edgestones and sidewalks were put in order. The surface
removed was macadam. Contractors, Doherty & O'Leary.
Cove Street. — From South to Kneeland street was
paved with granite blocks on a gravel base and the edge-
stones and brick sidewalk put in order. The old cobble-
stones were removed by J. J. Sullivan, and the remainder
of the work was done by the Street Department. The
surface removed was cobble pavement.
Dwight Street. — From Tremont to Shawmut avenue
was paved with natural rock sheet-asphalt by H. Gore & Co.
The concrete base was laid by the Metropolitan Construc-
tion Company. The surface removed was macadam. One
new catch-basin was built.
Bast Sixth Street, South Boston. — From K to L street
was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base, and the
edgestones and sidewalks were put in order. The surface
removed was macadam. Contractors, H. Gore & Co.
Exchange Street. — From State street to Dock square
was paved with granite blocks with pitch joints on a con-
crete base. The old granite paving-blocks were removed by
J. J. Sullivan. The concrete base was laid by the Metro-
politan Construction Company, and the paving and brick
sidewalks were laid by F. H. Cowin & Co.
Fay Street. — From Dover street to Harrison avenue
was put in order for paving with natural rock asphalt on
cobble-stones. On account of the lateness of the season,
before the sewer and gas pipes were put in condition, the
asphalt was not laid. Contractors, H. Gore & Co. The
edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in order.
Fulton Place. — From Fulton to North street was paved
with granite blocks on a gravel base, and the edgestones
62 City Document No. 34.
and brick sidewalks were put in order. The surface re-
moved was cobble pavement. Contractors, James Grant &
Co.
Lehigh Street. — From Albany street to South street was
paved with granite blocks on a gravel base, and the edge-
stones and sidewalks were put in order. The surface
removed was cobble-stone paving! The tracks of the
Albany-street freight railroad were rebuilt, and regraded to
allow more head room under Broadw r ay bridge than before.
Four new catch-basins were built and the location of five
others changed.
Kemble Street. — From Gerard street westerly 318 feet
was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base ; edgestones
were set and gravel sidewalks built. The surface removed
was gravel. Contractors, Doherty & O'Leary.
Market Street. — From Merrimac street to Portland
street w r as paved with granite blocks on a gravel base ; and
the edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in order. The
surface removed was macadam. Contractors, H. Gore &
Co.
Maverick Street. — From New street to Border street was
paved with granite blocks on a gravel base, and the edge-
stones and brick sidewalks were put in order. The surface
removed was cobble pavement. Contractors, Doherty &
O'Leary.
Mystic Avenue. — From Main street to Boston & Maine
Railroad bridge was paved with granite blocks on a gravel
base. The edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in
order. The surface removed was macadam. Contractor,
P. Brennan.
New Street, East Boston. — From Maverick street south-
erly 281 feet was paved with granite blocks on a gravel
base, and the edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in
order. The surface removed was cobble-stone paving.
Contractors, Doherty & O'Leary.
North Hudson Street. — From Hull street to Snow Hill
street was macadamized. The gutters were paved, edgestones
were set, and the sidew 7 alks were paved with brick. The
surface removed was gravel. Contractor, D. N. Payson.
Park Street, Charlestoion. — From City square to Warren
street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base. The
street was widened and the work of paving is not quite com-
plete on account of the unfinished condition of new build-
ings. The street railroad was regraded. The edgestones
were reset and brick sidewalks were put in order. Sur-
face removed was granite-block paving. Contractor, P.
Brennan.
Street Department. 63
Parmenter Street. — From Hanover street to Salem street
was paved with Trinidad asphalt by the Barber Asphalt
Company. The concrete base was laid by the Metropolitan
Construction Company. The former surface was a so-called
asphalt pavement. The sidewalks were in good condition.
Rutherford Avenue, Charlestoicn. — From Allen street to
Cambridge street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel
base, and the edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in
order. The surface removed was macadam. One new catch-
basin was built. The contractor was John Turner & Co.
South Eden Street, Charlestown. — From Hancock square
to Rutherford avenue was paved with granite blocks on a
gravel base ; the edgestones and brick sidewalks were put
in order. The surface removed was cobble-stone pavement.
Contractors, John Turner & Co.
South Margin Street. — From Pitts street to Prospect
street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base. The
old cobble-stones were removed by J. J. Sullivan, and
the work of paving was done by the Street Department.
The edgestones and brick sidewalks were put in order. Two
new catch-basins were built.
Spring Lane. — From Washington street to Devonshire
street. This lane has been discontinued as a way for teams
and is used for foot travel only. It was regraded and paved
with Hastings' compressed asphalt blocks laid on a con-
crete base. The base was laid by the Metropolitan Con-
struction Company, and the paving was done by J. Turner
& Co. The surface removed was a granite paved roadway
with brick sidewalks. One new catch-basin and one drop
inlet were built.
Wesley Street, Charlestown. — From Sullivan street to
Pearl street was paved with granite blocks on a gravel base.
Edgestones were set and the brick sidewalks were put in
order. The surface removed was cobble pavement. Con-
tractor, P. Brennan.
W. Broadway, South Boston. — From Gardner place 150
feet easterly was paved with natural rock-asphalt on a con-
crete base, by H. Gore & Co. The surface removed was
granite-block pavement. Edgestones were reset and the
brick sidewalks were put in order.
The work of properly adapting the grades of street rail-
roads to the surface of the street has taken much time and
labor. The success of new pavements depends upon this
being carefully done, and it cannot be properly done with-
out also arranging the grades for paving, even if the paving
64 City Document No. 34.
is not done at the same time. Grade plans have been pre-
pared and given to the railroads in the following cases :
Norfolk Suburban Street Railway.
River Street. — From Hyde Park line to Blue Hill ave-
nue.
West End Street Railway.
Battery Street. — At the North Ferry.
Boylston Street. — From Arlington to Exeter street.
Boylston Street. — From W. Chester park to Bothnia
street.
Bennington Street. — From Marion to Putnam street.
Bennington Street. — From Putnam to Chelsea street.
Broadway Extension. — From Harrison avenue to Lehigh-
street bridge.
Beacon Street. — At West Chester park.
Causeway Street. — At Merrimac square.
City Square, Charlestown. — Partty built.
Dartmouth Street. — From Boylston street to Huntington
avenue.
East Eighth Street. — From Old Harbor to Hamlin
street.
Huntington Avenue. — From north of West Chester park
to 2,950 feet south of Gainsborough street.
Lehigh Street. — From Albany to South street.
Park Street, Charlestown. — From City square to Joiner
street.
Scollay Square.
Washington Street. — From Essex street to Boylston
square.
Miscellaneous Work.
The following miscellaneous work has been done :
Sewall- Street Extension. — Plans and estimate for retain-
ing-wall.
The wall has been built by the Street Department force.
Hotcell Street, Dorchester. — The filling has been measured
and two small re taming- walls were constructed.
Washington Street, West Roxbury. — Plans for a retain-
ing-w T all, with two sets of entrance steps were made, and the
construction supervised.
West Chester Parle. — Bridge over Boston & Albany
Railroad, and approaches were regraded. (See special re-
port, p. 45.)
Bushnell- Street Extension. — Plan for construction made.
L Street. — Between First street and bridge. A plan for
Street Department. 65
a wooden fence on the bulkhead was made, and the work
supervised. The work was done by the Street Department ;
also, plans were made for iron fences on two retaining- walls
on the same street. The iron fence was built by George W.
McLauthlin & Co., at a cost of $276.
Congress Street. — From A street to L-street bridge. A
plan for a plank sidewalk and fence was made. The work
was begun by the Bridge Division of the Street Department,
and was unfinished at the close of the working season.
Athens Street and I Street. — Plans showing condition of
old so-called asphalt pavement have been made.
Surveys, plans, and estimates for improving and paving
the following streets have been made :
Adams Street, Dorchester. — An estimate of cost of re-
taining-wall at Cedar Grove cemetery.
Battery Street. — North Ferry.
Ruth Street. — East Boston.
East Street. — South to Federal street.
Savoy Street.
Pemberton Square.
Warren Street, Charlestoivn. — From Winthrop to Soley
street.
Vine Street, Charlestown. — From Tufts to Moulton
street.
Mason Street. — From Tremont to West street.
Beacon Street. — From Charlesgate East to Charlesgate
West.
E. Ninth Street. — Old Harbor to H street. Surveys,
plan, and estimate for plank sidewalk and fence were made.
Dorchester Avenue. — Near Washington street (Dorches-
ter Lower Mills) . Estimates were made of the cost of build-
ing two retainino-walls.
A very large number of preliminary estimates have been
made for paving and improving streets.
New Streets.
In September four contracts were made by the Street
Department for building streets, under the provisions of
chapter 323 of the Acts of the Legislature of 1891, as
amended by chapter 418 of the Acts of 1892, by which the
entire expense of construction is borne by the abutters. In
these streets, sewer, gas and water pipes, with house connec-
tions to the sidewalk, are laid in advance of the street con-
struction.
Batavia Street. — About 936 feet long; this street was
66 City Document No. 34.
built by James Grant & Co., at a total cost of $7,809.39.
The itemized prices and quantities are shown on the tabular
statement accompanying this report. (See Appendix B.)
Miner /Street. — About 319 feet long, is still incomplete,
the construction of two retaining-walls delaying the work
until the winter prevented its completion. The work is sub-
stantiallycompleted with the exception of rolling and finishing
the roadway. A retaining-wall was built next to the Brook
line branch of the Boston & Albany Railroad, attheend of-
the street, and another against the back yard of a house,
where the right to slope the filling could not be obtained.
These walls were built by John Sutherland, and cost
$1,298.35 and $875.90, respectively.
Bay Stale Road. — From Raleigh street to Sherborn
street, 1,389 feet long, and
Deerfield Street. — From Commonwealth avenue to
Charles river, 572 feet long, — are still incomplete. The con-
tractor is James Killian. These two streets have a macadam
roadway with gravel sidewalks. Batavia and Miner streets
have a Telford base with brick sidewalks.
Commonwealth Avenue. — Work has been carried on dur-
ing the entire year on the construction of Commonwealth
avenue. The contract for filling one roadway between
Brookline and Brighton avenues, by the Boston Contracting
Company, was completed in September, 1893.
The total amount of filling deposited, under the contract,
was 161,119 cubic yards. For 46,640 cubic yards of this
amount, 49^- cents per cubic yard was paid, amounting to
$23,086.80. Under the modification of the contract, dated
October 1, 1892, 114,832 cubic yards of filling was delivered
at 37 cents per cubic .yard, for transportation, loading, and
unloading, amounting to $42,487.84, the city buying the
filling directly from the owners of the gravel bank. In July
the contract was extended to include about 30,000 cubic
yards of material, to be deposited near Cottage Farm bridge,
on space that had been acquired by the city since the date of
the original contract. Including the sum of $7,000 paid the
contractors, by order of the city government, to reimburse
them for extraordinary losses on account of displacement of
material in the hollow near Cottage Farm bridge, the whole
amount paid to the contractors was $72,444.03.
In April a contract was made with Robert A. Davis for
building a section of the Telford foundation of the northerly
roadway, about 1,500 feet long, between Brookline avenue
and Granby street. This is a heavy Telford road. The city
furnished edgestones and granite blocks for gutters. The
contract did not include furnishing broken stone for the sur-
Street Department. 67
face, or the labor upon it. The amount paid under this
contract was $15,010.37.
In July a similar contract was made with F. H. Cowin &
Co. for building the continuation of the same roadway for
1,700 feet, and within about 300 feet of Cottage Farm
bridge. The amount paid under this contract was $16,-
207.07.
The broken stone for the completion of this road was fur-
nished by the Massachusetts Broken Stone Company, and
delivered on the road. Including the construction of the
very large intersection at the crossing of Commonwealth
avenue and Beacon street, which was built by the Paving
Division, the total quantity of stone delivered by the Massa-
chusetts Broken Stone Company was 9,330 tons. The
price paid was $1.90 per ton, amounting to $17,728.80.
Placing and rolling this stone was done by the men and
steam-rollers of the Paving Division.
A contract was made in July with John T. Scully for
building a wooden bulkhead on the northerly side of the
avenue near Cottage Farm bridge, for the purpose of re-
taining the filling and in place of an expensive retaining-
wall. The cost of this work was $850.
In November a further contract was made with the Boston
Contracting Company, after public advertisement, for fur-
nishing and delivering about 65,000 cubic yards of filling on
the remaining width of the avenue between Brookline avenue
and St. Paul street. Work was not commenced on this con-
tract until January 15, 1894, and but a small quanthvy of
filling was deposited before February 1. The contract price
is 41 cents per cubic yard, measured in the bank.
The work done on the avenue during the year may be
summarized as follows :
The northerly roadway between Brookline avenue and St.
Paul street has been filled and the road built as far as Cot-
tage Farm bridge, and the filling has been commenced for
the southerly roadway. The design of the avenue provides
for two roadways, — the northerly one 45 feet wide, the
southerly one 35 feet wide, with a central loamed space 33
feet wide. The northerly sidewalk is to be 15 feet wide,
with a planting space 10 feet wide between the sidewalk
and the roadway. The southerly sidewalk is 10 feet wide,
with a planting space 12 feet wide. Gas, water, house
sewer, surface-water drain, and telegraph poles are all
placed in the side planting spaces and under the sidewalks.
When houses are built, they can be connected to any of
these without breaking up the street.
During the winter, material for Telford base has been
68
Citt Document No. 34.
accumulated on the ground in readiness for work in 1894,
and soundings have been made for the construction of the
bridge over the Boston & Albany Railroad at Cottage Farm
station.
Broadway Bridge (over Fort Point Channel.)
All of the floor-beams of the fixed spans on this bridge
have been strengthened by the addition of hard-pine timber.
In each of the spans adjoining the draw, a hard-pine truss
has been erected, to which the floor system has been attached,
and the spans over Lehigh and Foundry streets have been
strengthened by hard-pine stringers resting on timber trestles
in the streets below. This work was done by William L.
Miller, under a contract dated September 30, 1893.
The table showing the total length of public streets in
Boston, and the areas of the various classes of pavement,
has been corrected to February 1, 1894.
[Signed]
William Jackson,
City Engineer.
Edg-estones and Sidewalks— New Edgestones. (Liu. ft. set.)
Veab.
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' 1881 .
6,294
8,328
6,304
443
13,112
1,314
263
794
36,852
1882.
3,398
10,930
4,190
2,119
8,235
5,454
5,543
1,595
41,464
1883.
2,763
7,306
4,660
98
2,467
4,381
1,895
23,570
H
1884.
4,691
9,733
6,189
2,450
18,310
4,610
106
696
46,785
i*
1885.
5,291
4,644
2,538
1,333
4,976
1,952
303
546
21,583
z.
1886.
5,790
8,978
2,463
349
11,051
2,451
737
174
31,993
HI
1887.
3,222
10,192
4,269
436
5,229
2,726
2,055
223
28,352
3
1888.
4,359
5,191
4,531
971
5,051
580
867
21,550
2
"5.
1889 .
2,946
13,224
2,139
1,419
6,794
10,404
1,845
573
39,344
1890.
2,781
11,475
4,946
981
9,882
3,288
3,042
9SS
37,383
. 1891 .
8,236
22,693
11,724
4,131
18,138
4,617
2,032
2,227
73,798
1892.
9,222
25,506
9,631
11,238
36,859
9,970
9,001
2,804
114,231
"
1893 .
1,118
14,979
4,375
1,969
10,587
4,795
3,981
41,804
rotal .
60,111
153,179
67,959
27,937
150,691
56,542
31,670
10,620
558,709
Street Department.
69
Brick Sidewalks. (Sq. yds. set.)
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5
3
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O
a
o
o
pq
.g
3
O
a
o
o
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3
,o
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o
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is
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r
1881 .
5,207
11,491
3,961
893
337
1,096
381
159
23,525
1882.
5,905
7,510
4,984
1,658
179
1,834
117
887
23,074
1883.
4,392
7,675
4,794
1,095
2,795
3,354
177
24,282
1884.
4,870
7,279
4,437
1,616
4,902
954
• . . .
739
24,797
—
1885.
4,756
3,896
1,473
722
892
479
46
342
12,606
1886.
5,273
5,285
2,112
1,002
2,843
58
527
17,100
53
1887.
5,970
7,693
3,768
1,500
1,348
643
56
20,978
a
3
1888.
2,540
6,910
3,164
1,110
614
346
75
14,759
"3
1889.
4,835
10,489
1,942
1,362
63S
124
138
19,528
1890.
4,913
7,651
1,915
1,947
1,155
274
900
791
19,546
1891.
3,881
9,098
3,628
2,176
1,478
967
377
120
21,725
1892.
10,423
20,231
4,484
12,847
10,462
2,905
1,068
3,451
65,871
1893.
964
63,929
5,912
751
2,197
2,412
350
175
12,761
1
rotal .
111,120
41,413
30,125
30,055
13,326
3,085
7,499
300,267
The laying of edgestones and sidewalks from 1881 to 1891
was done under the laws of 1872.
Chapter 50 of the Acts and Resolves of that year provided
that "... the Mayor and Aldermen or Selectmen or
Road Commissioners may establish and grade sidewalks in
such streets as, in their judgment, the public convenience
may require, and may assess the abutter on such side-
walks one-half of the expense of the same. All assessments
so made shall be a lien upon the abutting lands, and be col-
lected in the same manner as taxes on real estate."
The Mayor and Aldermen or the Selectmen
or Road Commissioners may grade and construct sidewalks
and complete partially constructed sidewalks in any street as
the public convenience may require, with or without edge-
stone, and may cover the same with brick, flat stones, con-
crete, gravel, or other appropriate material, and may assess
not exceeding one-half of the expense proportionally upon
the abutters on such sidewalks. . . . "
The cost to the city of Boston of laying the edgestones
and brick sidewalks, shown in the foregoing table, from 1881
to 1891, was $581,230.21.
70 City Document No. 34.
Of this amount the sum of $277,698.88 was assessed on
the abutters.
Of this sum of $277,698.88 the sum of $10,810.48 was
abated by order of the Board of Aldermen, and the balance
($266,888.40) was paid into the city treasury.
The entire half cost of this work ($290,615.10) was not
assessed, for the reason that it was a common practice for
individuals to furnish the materials for the sidewalk, such as
brick and edgestones, whereupon the department laid the
same at no expense and with no assessment to the individual,
on the theory that the furnishing of the materials offset the
assessment of one-half of the total cost which would have
been made, provided the department furnished both the labor
and materials. The cost of the labor which entered into the
laying of the edgestone and sidewalks laid in this manner
( where the abutters furnished the materials) is included in
the total cost ; whereas the half assessment was only made
on the edgestone and sidewalks where the department fur-
nished both labor and materials.
This law, while it had the effect of obliging the abutter on
the sidewalk to pay only one-half the cost of the work, and
was therefore favorable to him in that respect, provided no
special appropriation from which could be defrayed the pro-
portion of the expense which the city of Boston was obliged
to assume.
The cost of this work came out of the so-called regular
maintenance appropriation of the Street Department, or else
out of such special loans for street improvements as were
made from time to time by the city government.
On account of the limited amount of money which could be
spared for the purpose of laying edgestones and constructing
sidewalks from the maintenance appropriation of the Street
Department, the practical effect of the old law was that
hundreds of unsatisfied petitions for the construction of side-
walks were on file in the office of the Superintendent of
Streets, and these petitions remained on file sometimes for
several years before they were granted.
To provide a remedy for this state of affairs and enable all
applications to be promptly attended to, the present admin-
istration interested itself in the Massachusetts Legislature
to obtain the passage of the following act :
[CHAP. 401 OF THE ACTS OF 1892.]
An Act relating to sidewalks in the city of boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows :
Section 1. The mayor and aldermen of the city of Boston may pass
an order that the superintendent of streets of said city may make a
Street Department. 71
sidewalk along any highway or part thereof in said city, specifying; in
the order the locations, heights, widths, and materials for the sidewalks,
and said superintendent shall carry out such order.
Sect. 2. Any expenses incurred for any work so ordered and per-
formed shall be paid out of the moneys appropriated under the pro-
visions of section one of chapter three hundred and twenty-three of the
acts of the year eighteen hundred and ninety-one, and shall be repaid to
said city as the assessable cost of the work by the owners of the several
parcels of land bordering on the part of the highway along which the
sidewalk is made ; provided, hoivever, that if any such parcel is devoted
to public use, said city may assume and pay the whole or part of the
amount assessed thereto, if said city shall deem proper so to do.
Sect. 3. Said superintendent shall so apportion the said assessable
cost to the parcels of land aforesaid that the amount apportioned to each
parcel shall bear to the total assessable cost the propoi'tion which the
number of lineal feet of each parcel on said highway bears to the num-
ber of such lineal feet of all such parcels, and a lien shall attach to the
parcel and to any buildings which may be thereon for such amount, as
a part of the tax on such parcel. Said superintendent shall give notice
of the amount of every such assessment to the owner of the estate as-
sessed therefor, forthwith after the amount has been determined.
Sect. 4. The provisions of sections sixteen, seventeen, and eighteen
of chapter three hundred and twenty-three of the acts of the year
eighteen hundred and ninety-one and acts in amendment thereof shall,
so far as applicable, apply to all assessments made under this act.
Sect. 5. Sidewalks in said city shall hereafter be made and paid for
only in accordance with the provisions of this act, the provisions of
chapter three hundred and twenty-three of the acts of the year eighteen
hundred and ninety-one, and acts in amendment thereof.
Sect. 6. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
Approved June 16, 1892.
Section 2 of the foregoing act provides that the expense
shall be defrayed out of money appropriated under the pro-
vision of Section 1 of Chapter 323 of the Acts of 1891, as
amended by Chapter 418 of the Acts of 1892, commonly
known as the " Laying Out and Constructing of Highways "
act, which is as follows :
CHAP. 323 OF THE ACTS OF 1891, AS AMENDED BY CHAP.
418 OF THE ACTS OF 1892.
An Act relating to the location, laying out, and construction
of the highways in the city of boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows ;
Section 1. The city of Boston shall annually, by ordinary vote, ap-
propriate money sufficient to meet the salaries and expenses incurred
under sections four, five, and six of this act, and any deficiencies of in-
terest and sinking-fund requirements to be paid by the treasurer of the
city of Boston from the appropriation herein specified, as provided in
section eighteen, and may by such vote appropriate one or more addi-
tional amounts in gross for carrying out the other provisions of this act;
the money so appropriated shall be obtained from the sales of the bonds
and certificates provided for in section two, and shall constitute; an appro-
priation for the purposes of this act; the total of all amounts so ap-
propriated in any one year shall not exceed one million dollars, nor
shall the total amount of all such bonds and certificates outstanding;
72 City Document No. 34.
ever be more than three million dollars in excess of the sinking-funds
established for the payment of said debt.
Under this act an annual appropriation of not more than
one million dollars ($1,000,000) could be made by the city
of Boston for the purpose of laying out and constructing of
highways, the constructing of sidewalks, and the construct-
ing of sewers.
This appropriation was not considered in the determina-
tion of the authorized limit of indebtedness of the city, and
could therefore be made annually by ordinary vote. The
practical effect of this law was to provide a large sum of
money available for the purposes of sidewalk construction,
so that all petitions for this work in the future could be
promptly satisfied. The effect of it is plainly visible in the
table on page 68, showing the greatly increased amount of
work done in 1892.
The change in the law by which the abutters, instead of
defraying one-half of the cost of the work, were obliged to
defray the whole cost, created some dissatisfaction. This
dissatisfaction arose largely from the fact that the citizens of
Boston up to the year 1892 obtained street, sidewalk, and
sewer improvements largely at the expense of the general
tax-levy.
In no other city in this country is such a method pursued.
In many cities the whole expense of the paving of a street,
the expense of building a sidewalk, and the expense of the
sewer is charged directly on the abutting property. In
other cities a proportion varying from one-half to three-
quarters of the entire expense is charged to the abutters.
This method permits these cities to do enormous amounts of
paving, sewer, and sidewalk work, the expense of which is
not defrayed from money raised by general tax, but is as-
sessed directly on the abutters. In some cases, where all the
work is done by contract, the contractor is paid by certifi-
cates issued as a bill against the abutting property, and he
is obliged to collect his money directly from the owners.
The previous law concerning the payment by the city of a
large proportion of the expense of sewers and sidewalks has
had the effect of retarding public improvements of this
character, and it was only under the laws of 1892 that im-
provements of this character could be carried out as fast as
they were demanded.
Notwithstanding that the law of 1892 was satisfactory, in-
asmuch as improvements in the nature of sidewalks could
be carried out as fast as demanded by the public, a rural
legislator representing that portion of the community who
Street Department. 73
believe that all work on streets, sewers, and sidewalks
should be conducted largely at the expense of the general
tax-levy, succeeded in getting the law of 1892 repealed and
a new law passed.
This law is as follows :
[CHAP. 437 OF THE ACTS OF 1893.]
An Act in relation to sidewalks in the city of boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows:
Section 1. The board of mayor and aldermen of the city of Boston
may grade and construct sidewalks, and complete any partially con-
structed sidewalk in any street of such city as the public convenience
may require, with or without edgestones, as said board shall deem ex-
pedient, and may cover the same with brick, flat stones, concrete, gravel,
or other appropriate material, and may assess upon the abutters on such
sidewalks in just pi - oportions, not exceeding one-half of the expense of
the same ; but all assessments so made shall constitute a lien upon the
abutting land, and be collected in the same manner as taxes on real
estate are now collected; and such sidewalks, when constructed with
edgestones and covered with brick, flat stones, or concrete, shall after-
wards be maintained at the expense of such city. When any such side-
walk shall be permanently constructed with edgestones and covered with
brick, flat stones, or concrete, as aforesaid, there shall be deducted from
the assessment therefor any sum which shall have been previously as-
sessed ivpon the abutting premises and paid to the city for the expense
of the construction of the same in any other manner than with edgestones
and with brick, flat stones, or concrete as aforesaid; and such deduction
shall be made pro rata and in just proportions from the assessments
upon different abutters who at the time of such assessments are owners
of the estate which at the time of such former assessments was the
estate of the abutters who had previously paid such former assess-
ments.
Sect. 2. In estimating the damage sustained by any party by the
construction of sidewalks as aforesaid there shall be alloAved by way of
set-off the benefit, if any, to the property of the party by reason thei'eof.
Sect. 3. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act are
hereby repealed.
Sect. 4. This act shall take effect upon its passage. [Approved
June 9, 1893.2
The practical effect of this law is to stop all sidewalk and
edgestone improvements. In the law of 1892 it was speci-
fied that the cost of this work (which was on the completion
of the work charged to the abutters and therefore returned
to the city treasury) should be originally paid from the
appropriation of Si, 000, 000 which could be annually made
under Chapter 323 of the Acts of 1891 as amended by
Chapter 418 of the Acts of 1892 (previously quoted).
In the 1893 law no provision whatever has been made for
;in appropriation from which the cost of edgestones and side-
walks can be made, and construction will therefore cease
until such time as a proper law is passed similar to the one
of L892.
74: City Document No. 34.
The work done during the year 1893 under the 1893 law
has been done in the districts where specific loans were
available for street improvements.
It is interesting to observe the effect that liberal laws con-
cerning the construction of sidewalks have on the carrying
out of public improvements of this character. As an ex-
ample of such laws the following ordinance of the city of
Philadelphia is quoted :
The ordinance passed February 11, 1889,
Provides whenever in the judgment of the Director of the Department
of Public Works, the footways or sidewalks of any public streets in the
city of Philadelphia shall require to be graded, paved, repaved or re-
paired, or the curbstones thereof to be set or reset, or it shall be necessary
to reset curbstones in accordance with the ordinances relating to the
laying of improved pavements in the cartways of public streets, it shall
be the duty of the Director of the Department of Public Works, and he
is hereby authorized, to give written notice to the owner or owners of
the property adjoining which any of such work is required to be done,
to do such work at their own cost or expense within thirty days from the
date of such notice, and on the failure of any such owner or owners to
comply with such notice within the time specified therein, it shall be the
duty of the Director of the Department of Public Works, and he is
hereby authorized, to cause the necessary work to be done under the
contract entered into in accordance with the provisions of this ordi-
nance.
Sect. 3 Upon the completion of any work done under the contract
entered into by virtue of this ordinance, it shall be the duty of the
Director of the Department of Public Works, and he is hereby au-
thorized, to estimate the cost and expense thereof, in accordance with the
provisions of the contract therefor, and to assess such cost and expense
against the property adjoining which the work is done, in the name of
the registered owner or owners thereof, and the said Director shall then
cause bills for said work to be made out in duplicate against each
property, one copy of which shall be served on the registered owner or
owners of such property, or in case he or they cannot be found, the
same shall be left upon the premises, and the other copy of the said bill
shall be endorsed by the Director of the Department of Public Works,
in favor of the contractor or contractors, and be delivered to him or them
in lieu of cash as provided in the first section of this ordinance, and if
the same be not paid within thirty days from the service thereof upon
the owner or owners of the property, a lien therefor, together with the
penalty of ten per cent, for non-payment, may be tiled in the proper
court against the respective properties, and the registered owner or
owners thereof, in the name of the city to the use and at the expense of
the contractor, who may in the name of the city, but at his own expense,
take all necessary legal proceedings for the enforcement of said lien,
and also employ all other legal remedies for the collection of said claim
together with the penalty aforesaid, to which the city may be compe-
tent.
From this ordinance it will be seen that property owners
are liable for the entire cost of construction and maintenance
of the curbing and footway paving. The property owner is
notified to curb and pave, or reset curb, and repave footways
in front of property owned by him. In case of neglect to
Street Department.
75
do so within thirty days from date of service of notice, the
city contractor is directed to do the work according to the
specifications prepared by the Department of Public Works.
The laws concerning the construction of sidewalks in Chi-
cago, St. Louis, and other large cities in this country are
similar to the above-quoted law, and the following table is
given to show the results obtained under the laws governing
this question in Boston and those in force in the other cities
of this country :
From comparing the above table with table on page 69,
it is seen that the city of Philadelphia laid more square
yards of sidewalk in 1893 than the city of Boston laid in
the twenty-two years prior to 1892.
The sidewalk was also of better material and was much
more expensive, as an ordinary brick sidewalk costs approxi-
mately $1.25 per square yard, whereas a granolithic or con-
crete sidewalk costs about $2 per square yard.
Street Openings.
Sixteen thousand five hundred and nineteen permits were
granted during the past year to open streets. The excava-
tions made under these permits aggregate 222.9 miles in
length, and show the extent of this work.
The Street Department has been accustomed to grant to
the various gas and other companies, whose work would in
certain cases admit of no delay, a so-called K emergency per-
mit," which allowed excavations to be made without special
permission being obtained, the only requirement being that
a daily return of openings made under this form of permit
should be forwarded to the office of the Superintendent.
Two thousand one hundred and ninety-nine openings of
an average length of six feet each were made under " emer-
gency permits," for breaks in water and gas pipes which
76 City Document No. 34.
were alleged to require immediate attention. These open-
ings were made under 79 permits.
In addition to the above permits, various other permits
have been issued to pedlers, mechanics, and others, for dif-
ferent purposes, 10,251 in number, making the total number
of permits issued 26,928.
It may here properly be mentioned that real-estate owners
are extremely careless in providing sewer and water connec-
tions for their several buildings, both old and new, in streets
that are advertised to be improved and regulated, and fre-
quently call for a permit to open for gas, water, or sewer
connections soon after the department has put down a per-
manent pavement. It is believed that this trouble will
remedy itself in time, as the public is gradually finding out
the difficulty of obtaining permits where the department has
recently done work.
The enforcement of the new ordinances of 1892 and the
new regulations in regard to hawkers and pedlers in the
retail district, as incorporated in the permits issued last year,
has resulted in freeing the retail district of what has been
considered the greatest of nuisances to pedestrians and the
public generally, who formerly were besieged at every step
to stop and trade on the street, thus blocking off travel in
either direction and leading to much confusion and annoy-
ance.
In general it has served to open up the sidewalks to the
use of the travelling public, for whom they were originally
made, while at the same time the restrictions are such as to
give the abutting merchants a proper use of their immediate
sidewalk as far as necessary for the proper conduct of their
business.
Street Department. 77
STEEET-W A TERING.
The work of street- watering has been carried out during
the year on the same general method that was laid down the
year previous.
The watering of paved streets at the city's expense was
entirely discontinued, and the appropriation of $100,000
devoted to the watering of macadamized streets only. About
29^ miles of paved streets were watered by contractors at
the expense of the abutters, who seem to be willing to pay
for the continuance of this work.
While the department has no special objection to con-
tractors watering paved streets at the expense of the abutters,
it is found that frequently a nuisance is created. The con-
tractors are unable to collect their money from subscribers
until the end of the watering season, and if any complaint
has been made on account of dust, there is frequently a dis-
pute concerning the payment of the stipulated amount. The
contractors are, therefore, very careful to avoid this trouble,
and prefer to deluge the streets with water, so that no possi-
ble dispute can arise concerning the payment of their bills.
In this way the streets are kept wet and greasy, and it be-
comes difficult to clean them. To remedy this trouble the
department prohibited the watering of paved streets after
4 P.M., so that they might have a chance to dry out prepara-
tory to the night sweeping.
As the privilege of being allowed to water paved streets
at the expense of abutters is undoubtedly a valuable one to
the contractor in many sections of the city, all contractors
who obtain this privilege will be obliged, during the coming
year, to agree to water, free of cost to the city, all macad-
amized streets within their districts.
This order will result in the watering of about five miles
of macadamized streets at no expense to the city.
This method seems preferable to the one adopted in New
York, where the privilege of watering paved streets is sold by
the city to contractors.
During the past year the macadamized streets of the South
End and Back Bay districts were watered by contract at the
city's expense. All other watering of macadamized streets
has been done by carts hired by the day. A gratifying in-
crease in efficiency has been obtained over the work done
the previous year, as will be seen by an inspection of the
table on page 79.
78
City Document No. 34.
This is partly attributable to better organization and super-
vision, and partly to improved equipment.
A large number of new water-posts have been erected
during the year, and, as a result, carts do not have to waste
time in travelling long distances to obtain fresh supplies of
water, and therefore cover more distance while eno;ao;ed in
actual watering.
Owing to regulations made last year, the old-style cart
with copper sprinkler has been about done away with, and
the carts now in use by the department are of modern man-
ufacture.
The following table shows the changes that have been
effected in the style of hired water-carts in use during the
past two years :
1892.
1893.
Old Copper.
61
2
Studebaker,
4
45
Abbott Downins
16
33
Potter Patent.
27
14
108
94
Considering the fact that contractors are only sure of one
season's work, and that a possible change of administration
may result in their carts lying idle for an unknown length
of time, the change from old-fashioned carts to new ones
was effected with considerable reluctance.
Considerable difficulty was experienced, as in former years,
in watering streets both in early spring and late fall while
the thermometer was below freezing. It is impossible to
keep the water permanently turned on in the water-posts,
until such time as there is no possibility of the temperature
dropping below the freezing point. This necessitates the
shutting off of the water-supply every night, and consequent
delay in turning the supply on in the morning, with the result
that during March, April, and November it is impossible to
keep the streets continuously watered.
The watering season of 1893 lasted the unusual length of
195 working days, watering being commenced on the 19th
day of March.
On April 9th, 200 water-valves were frozen and burst,
owing to a sudden fall in temperature.
The following table gives a summary of the work done by
teams hired by the day and teams owned by the city, classi-
fied by districts, with the number of miles covered in each
district :
Street Department.
79
Summary of Day Work paid for by the City.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
District.
So. Boston. . .
East Boston. .
Charlestown .
Brighton
West Roxbury
Dorchester.
Roxbury
South Yard
Back Bay . .
North Yard
Beacon Hill . .
Total ..
Number of teams
hired by the day.
9
7
7
11
15
16
18
1
2
Number of teams
owned by city.
Number of
miles covered.
21.50
16.50
15.00
31.25
58.07
51.10
52.72
2.08
3.55
1.64
4.04
257.45
This summary shows that eighty-eight (88) carts hired by
the day and six (6) carts owned by the city have watered
257.45 miles of streets this year, as compared with 230.12
miles of streets watered with eighty-seven (87) carts last
year.
The expense of this work was borne entirely by the city.
The cost of day work and city work, exclusive of super-
vision, was $298 per mile, or $76,725.
These carts averaged about 2.74 miles per day, as against
2.64 last year. Watering was beiran on the nineteenth of
March, and continued up to December 1 in some districts.
As the watering covered a longer period this year than last,
the expense was slightly more per mile, although greater
efficiency was obtained.
The West Roxbury carts averaged 3.42 miles per day;
the Dorchester carts averaged 3.00 miles per day ; the Back
Bay carts averaged 1.78 miles per day.
80
City Document No. 34.
1893.
Summary of Contract Work paid for by the City
Districts.
Contractors.
Carts.
Miles.
Cost.
Back Bay
South End
M. E. Nawn
9
4
12.49550
9.36891
$6,947 27
0. Nute & Son
* 4,764 13
Totals
13
21.86441
$11,711 40
* $280 additional is yet to be paid to the contractor.
This summary shows that thirteen (13) carts were used by
the contractors to water 21.86441 miles, of which 5.938
miles were watered with salt water, and 15.924 miles were
watered with fresh water, paid for entirely by the city.
The amount of money paid out for contract work was about
$5,100 less than for the same work last year.
The contract price in Back Bay was $890 per mile for salt
water, and $575 per mile for fresh water. The contract
price in South End was $630 per mile for salt water, and
$460 per mile for fresh water.
These prices are much lower than the prices obtained the
year previous, and cannot be reduced to any great extent
and allow a profit to the contractor. As the contract runs
for two years, the city will have the benefit of these prices
during the coming year.
1893.
Work done by Contractors at the Expense of the
Abutters.
DlSTEICT.
Contractors.
Carts.
Miles.
3
5
5
Oh
3
Oh
1
3.67
Proctor Bros. & Billings . .
O. Nute & Son
8.75
7.25
1.50
Roxbury and South Boston,
H. P. Cook & Co
6.51
0.50
1.25
18
29.43
Street Department.
The expense of the watering of these streets was borne
entirely by the abutters. This table shows that with
eighteen (18) carts these contractors watered 29.43 miles of
paved streets in the City Proper, South Boston, East Bos-
ton, and Boxbury. About 2,300 feet of asphalt on Columbus
avenue and West Newton street was also watered at the
expense of the abutters.
1893.
Summary of Work clone, which was paid for by the City.
No.
District.
Miles, day work.
Miles, contract work.
Total miles.
1
South Boston. . .
East Boston
Charlestown . . .
21.50
16.50
15.00
31.25
21 50
2
16 50
3
15 00
4
31.25
5
West Itoxbury. .
58.07
58.07
6
51.10
51.10
7
South Yard
52.72
52.72
8
2.08
9.36
11.44
9
3.55
12.49
16 04
10
North Yard
5.68
5 68
Totals
257.45
or about
3,398,357 sq. yds.
21.85
or about
478,891 sq. yds.
279.30
Cost of day and city work, exclusive of supervision,
$298 per mile.
Cost of contract work, exclusive of supervision, $535.64
per mile.
The extra cost of the contract work is accounted for by
the fact that this work is done in districts having a great
amount of travel ; the streets are also wide and mostly un-
shaded, so that a cart is obliged to water the streets more
frequently than in other districts.
Total cost of contract, day, and city work, $88,436.40.
The above expense is the cost exclusive of supervision,
new carts, water-posts, etc. Water was furnished by Boston
Water Works at no expense.
82
City Document No. 34.
1893.
Distribution of Carts, showing- the Entire Amount of
Work done.
No.
District.
City carts.
Hired carts.
Contractor's
carts.
Total.
Miles.
1
South Boston . .
9
7
7
11
15
18
5
1
Oh
10
74
7
13
17
17
21
324
23.25
2
3
East Boston. . .
Charlestown . . .
17.00
15.00
4
Brighton
W. Roxbury . . .
2
2
1
31.25
5
58.07
6
51.10
7
3
264
58.73
8
City Proper ....
1
54.33
Totals
6
88
31
125
308.73
Street Department.
83
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City Document No. 34.
The following table shows the amount expended in street-
watering, by the city, for the last sixteen years :
1878
. $23,595 02
1886
$44,940 35
1879
. 26,747 18
1887
51,365 73
1880
. 33,306 95
1888
40,586 58
1881
. 36,178 24
1889
47,837 46
1882
. 45,797 00
1890
57,967 34
1883
. 53,502 29
1891
104,263 62
1884
. 34,518 47
1892
94,507 80
1885
. 43,854 68
1893
99,430 16
Water-Posts.
In order to improve the service this year, 23 new water-
posts were erected in different localities. Nine water-posts
were changed for various causes, mostly on account of new
streets and new buildings being built where the pipes were
formerly located.
The following table shows their location by district :
District.
1891.
1892.
1893.
Increase
over
1892.
23
16
19
25
50
61
53
24
25
23
19
39
59
72
60
42
27
28
20
42
60
75
65
45
2
5
1
3
1
3
5
3
Total
271
339
362
23
Great assistance has been rendered in the work of street-
watering by the Boston Water Board in promptly furnishing
new water-posts, turning on or shutting off water, and in
many other ways.
Income.
The Street Department during the year watered streets in
front of 106 public schools, 13 police-stations, and 31 engine-
houses, and received the following sums for this work :
Street Department. 85
Police-stations .... $192 57
Engine-houses . . . . 411 95
Louisburg square . . . 100 00
Total $704 52
Owing to lack of appropriation, the School Board were
unwilling to pay for the watering of streets in front of
school-houses, and the Street Department lost the usual
income from this source, amounting to about $2,500.
Louisburg square (a private way) was watered by the
department as in former years at an expense to the abutters
of $100.
In the report for 1892 it was stated that " a close inspec-
tion of the results accomplished this year (1892) with those
of last year shows that the cost of the work done by the
city had decreased, and that the distances covered per day
with each team employed by the city has shown an increase.
This is the natural result of better organization and super-
vision, and an increase in economy and efficiency may be
confidently looked for during the year 1893."
This prediction has been realized, and it is believed that
the close study which has been given to the subject of street-
Avatering by the department, for the last three years, has
resulted in a large financial saving to the city.
The cost per mile of streets watered shows that great
economy has been attained, and the results compare favorably
with those attained by any city in the country.
86
City Document No. 34.
SANITARY DIVISION.
The work of the Sanitary Division includes the removal
of house offal and the removal of house and store dirt and
ashes.
The following table shows the number of loads of offal
collected and removed in the last ten (10) years :
Amount or House Offal
Tear.
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891 1
1892
1893
Removed.
No. of
28
31
33
36
37
40
40
46
46
51
Loads.
,520
,206
,170
,724
,409
,183
,5-25
,742
,343
,415
Each load of offal is equivalent to fifty-seven (57) cubic
feet, and weighs one and one-half (1^) tons.
The above table does not include previous to the year
1893 the amount collected by contract in East Boston and
Brighton, which amounted to about 5,100 loads per year.
Of the amount (51,415 loads) collected during the year
1893, 3,744 loads were collected by the East Boston con-
tractor, and 1,395 loads were collected by the Brighton con-
tractor, leaving 46,276 loads collected by city teams.
The collection of this material is attended to in winter by
an average regular force of 62 city offal carts and 175 men,
and on contract work 8 offal carts and 16 men ; making a
total of 70 offal carts and 191 men. At different times, and
especially in summer, an extra force of 21 teams and 42 men
are employed.
Complaints received concerning the failure of the division
to promptly remove offal usually show on investigation that
either the offal has not been properly separated from ashes
or other house refuse, as is insisted on in this city, or else
that the receptacles were deposited in some inaccessible
place. If householders would see that the employees have
easy access to the receptacles, and that the men are not
1 From January 1, 1891, to February 1, 1892, or 13 mouths.
Street Department.
87
unnecessarily delayed in this work, the service would be
greatly facilitated. The blocking of yards and alleys with
snow invariably leads to complaints, as this necessitates
either the removal of offal through the residences, or neglect
till the alleys are passable.
The .disposal has been made during the year in the manner
described in last year's report, viz. : The offal from the
markets, and offal that is decayed, is put on board a scow
and towed to sea ; the offal of Charlestown is taken to the
yard at Maiden bridge and then disposed of to farmers ; the
offal of East Boston is collected by contractors, and is re-
moved to Eevere ; the offal of the City Proper, South
Boston, and Dorchester is conveyed to the yard at the
South End, and disposed of to farmers, who remove it
daily ; the offal of Roxbury and West Roxbury is conveyed
to the yard on Highland street, and disposed of to farmers ;
and the offal of Brighton is collected by contract, and dis-
posed of outside of the district.
For three years this subject has been agitated in the
public press, but no change has been inaugurated in the
method of disposal, although the sale of offal to farmers,
who feed it to pigs which are afterwards brought to market
in this city, has been severely condemned.
The effect of the agitation that has been going on for the
past three years is plainly visible in the receipts of the
department for the sale of offal, which have fallen off in a
marked degree.
Collection and Disposal of Offal.
Year.
Total amount
collected.
Amount sold.
Amount dumped
on scow and
towed to sea or
wasted.
Percent, wasted
to total
collection.
Amount of re-
ceipts from
sales.
18911
1892
1893 2
i 42,616 loads.
46,343 "
46,276 "
40,492 loads.
30,773 "
30,824 "
2,124 loads.
15,570 "
15,363 "
5 per cent.
33 " "
30 " "
$30,672 65
21,282 82
20,790 03
This falling off in receipts is accounted for by the fact
that the Boards of Health of many suburban towns have
prohibited the carrying on of piggeries within the town
limits. Many farmers have therefore been obliged to dis-
1 Twelve months. Above table does not include contracts in Bust Boston and Brighton.
2 In Kast Huston, 3,744 loads; Brighton, 1,895 loads; total, 5,139 loads, collected during
1893, are not included in above table. For 1891 and 1892 East Boston and Brighton wero
estimated at 5,101) loads.
88 City Document No. 34.
continue the raising of pigs, and the market for the city's
offal is becoming more and more restricted.
It is probable that the practice of selling offal for food
purposes will be prohibited by the Legislature duiing the
coming year, and that a radical change in the method of
getting rid of this material must be inaugurated by the
city. *
The method of disposal at sea of part of the city's offal
has been successfully carried out during the past year, and
will be continued unless the city government makes pro-
vision for some sanitary method of disposal by cremation or
utilization. It is possible, even in this event, that a certain
amount of offal will be towed to sea, owing to the cheapness
of this method.
The position of dumping-stations is shown on the chart.
A complete description of all the utilization and crema-
tion processes in use in this country was made in last year's
report. This report, taken in connection with that of the
committee for the disposal of offal, which made an ex-
tended tour throughout the country, and rendered an elab-
orate report (City Document No. 91, 1893), gives valuable
information on this subject. The only new utilization pro-
cess brought to notice during the year is the process of the
New England Construction Company, a description of which
follows :
The New England Construction Company.
Process.
The patented process owned by this company consists in reducing
house offal to its component parts in a manner which is perfectly sani-
tary and free from noxious or deleterious odors.
Plant.
The plant consists of a stack of steel digestors holding from five to
ten tons each, built in a steel frame-work, and arranged in a triangle
or pentagon, a closed receiving-tank, settling vats for grease, presses,
driers, and grinders.
Operation.
The offal when received is hoisted to a large hopper, central to
the stack, from which a pipe leads to the mouth of the digestors. The
garbage passes through the hopper into a digestor, and when the
digestor is filled, the orifice is closed, and steam at a temperature of
300 degrees or more is introduced. The jets of steam are so arranged
that the whole mass is subjected to its influence, and all germs and
bacteria are immediately destroyed. At the same time, the passage of
the steam reduces the mass into its component parts, which are animal
and vegetable matter. The product of the animal matter is oil, which
is carried to the settling vats, and ammonia and phosphates, which are
held in suspension in the tankage. The vegetable matter is reduced
si
Street Department. 89
by this process to 20 per cent, of its original volume, and is drawn off
as tankage into receiving-tanks.
The steam which enters carries off all the gases which result from
reduction, into a condenser, where they are condensed into clean water,
which is allowed to flow off. The tankage in the receiving-tank is
racked and placed in presses, then carried to the drier and then to the
grinder, after which it is ready for shipment. During the processes
of drying and grinding, ail steam and odors arising from the operation
are carried off by an exhaust into a separate condenser. The raw ma-
terial of one day is l'eady for shipment the next day, as a finished
product.
Construction.
The entire construction of stack is of steel, the building is of iron,
and the flooring of slate and iron, making an absolutely fire-proof con-
struction.
The above process was thoroughly investigated during the
year at Washington, D.C., where it had been in use, and
also at Wakefield, Mass., where an experimental station has
been erected by the company.
The process is a sanitary one, and is well adapted for use
in cities of over 35,000 inhabitants. There can be no objec-
tion to the erection of a plant of this description in the city
proper, as the process is entirely unobjectionable.
It can only be a question of a very short time when the
city of Boston must adopt some such plant as that of the
New England Construction Company for the purpose of
treating its offal.
Cremation of Offal.
In last year's report it was mentioned that the Brown De-
veloping Company, or more correctly "The American Gar-
bage Cremator Company," erected (at their own expense)
an experimental furnace at the division yard on Albany
street, and were conducting experiments, under the supervi-
sion of the Street Department, with a view of ascertaining the
exact cost of burn ing offal .
The process is one of cremation, and no attempt is made to
extract any of the valuable constituents of the offal.
A brief description of their furnace, as given by the
inventor, is as follows :
The Brown Crematory.
The Brown Crematory of standard size is 43 feet in length, with an
inside width across the grate of 9i feet. It stands aboul 9 feet high.
It is constructed with thick walls of fire-brick. This fire- brick, further-
more, is glazed on its inner surface with boracic acid, a preparation
which protects the brick from the action of all aqueous gases, and keeps
it from disintegrating under the influence of the great heat. Surround-
ing the furnace on the outside is a water-jacket, in which water is con-
stantly moving. This preserves the exterior of the furnace at an even
90 City Document No. 34.
temperature ; it keeps the bi'ick annealed, and greatly retards any ten-
dency to disintegration. It is a well-known fact that furnaces supplied
with this water-jacket have been known to endure in active service for
many years.
Combustion.
At one end of the furnace, near the top, is situated the combustion
chamber, into which enters the burner. This burner or gas generator
consists of a cylinder composed of three concentric pipes. The inner-
most of these pipes contains steam, the second pipe crude petroleum,
while the third pipe contains mixed gases, which have been drawn out
from the combustion chamber itself and which are now returned to it.
These three pipes, emptying their contents at the same time, have this
effect: the steam converts the oil to gas, and this gas in turn mingles
with the gases of the outer pipe, forming a new gas of the highest com-
bustibility. This is ignited as it enters the combustion chamber. It is
subjected to three transverse currents of superheated air, one entering
from either side and one from the back of the chamber. Then, in a
state of high combustion, it is driven by a blast over the bridge that
separates the combustion chamber from the grate, and is sent with great
force and volume over the mass of offal. This voluminous flame, in-
tensely heated and charged with oxygen, turns and passes back again
under the grate, attacking the offal on its under surface, and thence
goes through the flue into the smoke-stack, thus transversing the offal
twice, first over its entire upper surface, and then underneath, or
through a distance of 80 feet before passing through the flue into the
smoke-stack. This ensures absolute and complete combustion.
The Orate.
The Brown Crematory, after many experiments, long since discarded
fire-brick as a suitable substance for the construction of the grate, for
the reason that fire-brick is a non-conductor of heat; and, furthermore,
the action of the sodium in the offal is such as to vitrify the surface
of the brick, rendei'ing it still more a non-conductor.
In place of fire-brick, a grate has been introduced formed of cross-
bars, made of a metal called " semi-steel," which is an alloy known
only to the inventor, which, while it will stand an enormous degree of
heat, is an excellent conductor.
These bars which comprise the grate are, furthermore, filled with
brasque, a refractory material which does not readily receive or retain
heat; so that, while the semi-steel that covers the brasque is heated to a
high degree, and is in turn radiating its heat to the matter that comes in
contact with it, this tilling remains at a comparatively low degree, thus
at once saving the heat for the consumption of the offal, and adding
very much to the strength of the bar.
In order to secure the greatest possible area of exposure, these grate-
bars are made in the form of an inverted V, rising up some ten inches
from the bottom, where they are one and three-quarters inches apart, to
a sharp edge.
This peculiar wedge-shaped formation of the grate-bars makes, in
fact, simply a series of red-hot troughs, into which the offal falls,
burning not only on top, but being consumed on both sides by the radi-
ation of these rising wedges of highly heated steel.
The Holloiv Arch.
The hollow arch is also a distinctive and most valuable feature of the
Brown Crematory.
The smoke-stack consists of fifteen feet of brickwork, surmounted by
fifty feet of iron.
Street Department. 91
As the Brown furnace is somewhat similar to other fur-
naces, the experiments made by the department on this
furnace may be fairly taken to give the results that may be
expected from an introduction of the system of cremation,
and they are therefore of general interest in this connection.
The following is the report of the engineers assigned to
this duty :
Experiments on Cremation of Offal.
Boston, March 21, 1893.
Two experiments have been made in Brown's Patent Cre-
matory Furnace at the sanitary yard on Albany street.
The furnace used was not of the above-described standard,
type, and size, but consisted of a rectangular box of fire-brick
about 21^ feet long by 9 feet wide by 6|- feet high, with a
fiat arched top and exterior braces and tie-rods of iron. It
was divided practically into two equal parts by a horizontal
grate made of railroad rails, and the lower part was further
divided into two parts by a vertical longitudinal partition.
There was a combustion chamber at one end, and a stack
50 feet high at the other end, the lower part of fire-brick,
the upper part of boiler-iron.
The fuel used was petroleum (from which the kerosene
had been removed) ; the burner consisted of three concentric
pipes, the interior one carrying live steam, the next one
petroleum, and the exterior one gaseous products of com-
bustion drawn back from the furnace itself, as above de-
scribed in the standard type.
Air, to support the combustion of the oil, was forced in by
a 10-in. Sturtevant blower, through apertures on three
sides of the combustion chamber.
The draft was a forced draft maintained by the blower.
Steam, both for converting the oil into gas and for running
the blower, was supplied by a 15-horse power boiler, which
consumed, when serving both these purposes, about 400
pounds of coal in ten hours, furnishing steam at 70 pounds
pressure.
The first experiment commenced February 10. Ten loads
of offal were dumped near the furnace, to begin on.
This offal consisted principally of all kinds of vegetable
refuse, mainly potato peelings, considerable raw fish, empty
tins, glass and crockery, and much of it was frozen in masses
and very wet, a rain having occurred a few days previous
The ten loads measured 20.55 cubic yards; 1 cubic yard
weighed 0.(>5 tons ; total weight, 13.34 tons; 1 ton measured
1.54 cubic yards. The burning of the ten loads commenced
92 City Document No. 34.
at 10.20 A.M., February 10, and continued until 7.30
P.M. of the same day; began again at 8.30 A.M. of
February 11, and at 12.30 P.M. the last of ten loads was
fed to the furnace. Allowing 20 minutes for this last por-
tion to be consumed, it would give 13.34 tons consumed in
thirteen and one-half hours, or about 1 ton, or 1.54 cubic
yards, per hour.
A supplementary quantity of offal, 5 loads equal 10.20
cubic yards, equal 7.78 tons, was hauled on February 11 ;
this was all consumed at 8 P.M. Of this offal, 1 ton
measured 1.31 cubic yards ; 1 cubic yard weighed 0.76 tons.
Time of burning was seven hours and ten minutes, or 1.09
tons, or 1.42 cubic yards, per hour.
The total amount of offal destroyed during the two days,
February 10 and 11, weighed 21.12 tons; 1 ton equalled
1.45 cubic yards, measured 30.75 cubic yards; 1 cubic yard
equalled 0.69 tons.
Time of burning was twenty hours and forty minutes, or
1.02 tons, or 1.49 cubic yards, per hour.
The consumption of fuel oil was at the rate of 33 gallons
per hour during the first day, and 30.94 gallons per hour the
second day ; for the entire two days' test the average rate
was 32 gallons per hour, making for twenty and two-thirds
hours 661.3 gallons total.
At 10.25 A.M. on February 11, nine of the first ten
loads had been fed to the furnace ; up to this point all the
tin cans in the offal had been put in with the rest, but the
furnace evidently becoming choked with the accumulation,
they were excluded after this time.
Through the courtesy of Professors Holman and Wendell,
of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, we were able
to get the temperature of the furnace. These gentlemen
measured the heat February 11.
The temperatures are as follows :
Near bridge and nozzle, —
First trial
Second trial
Outer end of furnace
Flue gases
Opening in top of furnace
2,580° Fahrenheit.
2,460°
1,850°
1,680°
1,760° "
At this point the inventors became dissatisfied with the
performance of the furnace, and asked for delay in order
to make alterations ; the experiment was therefore dis-
continued.
It was evident that the furnace had not been well man-
Street Department. 93
aged, too large quantities of offal having been dumped in
at a time, cooling and choking the furnace.
Second Experiment.
The stack having been rebuilt of larger size, the grate-
bars spaced wider apart, and the upper chamber of the
furnace lengthened two feet by taking that much off the
combustion chamber, the experiment was resumed March
9 at 8.30 A.M. and continued without intermission until
6 P.M. on the 10th, a period of thirty-three and a half
hours.
Volume of offal consumed was 71.77 cubic yards, or 2.14
cubic yards per hour. Weight of offal consumed was
44.86 tons, or 1.34 tons per hour. Volume of ashes (in-
cluding tins) taken from furnace equalled 2.72 cubic yards,
equalled 3.8 per cent, volume of offal.
Weight of ashes, etc., equals 1.G6 tons, equals 3.7 per
cent, weight of offal. About 1,340 lbs. of coal were burned
under the boiler, or 40 lbs. per hour; 1,257.6 gallons of
oil were used, or 37.54 gallons per hour.
The empty tins form about 4 per cent, by weight of the
offal in which they are found. Up to about 3 o'clock of
March 10 the tins were put into a furnace as they came in
the offal, but after that time they were turned to one side
and all burned together at the conclusion of the experiment.
At that time enough of them had accumulated to form a
layer about 18 inches deep over the area of the grate, and
they were reduced to the brittleness of egg-shells in 12
minutes.
The rate of consumption per hour as given above does
not give a fair idea of the capacity of the furnace.
From 8.30 A.M. of March 9, to 8.30 A.M. of March
10, 36 tons out of the total 45 tons were destroyed, or at
a rate of 1£ tons per hour; and Mr. Kidd, under whose
immediate supervision the experiment was carried on, esti-
mates that during the latter part of this period, when the
furnace had attained its highest heat, the rate equalled
2 tons per hour.
This rate was the result of good management, and was
obtained by putting on small quantities of offal at a time,
and keeping the layer thin, which caused it to burn rapidly.
At the time last named, an unfortunate misunderstanding
occurred between the parties running the furnace, the man-
agement of it changed hands, the offal was dumped in in
large quantities, and the result was that the remaining
9 tons took 9 hours to burn, or 1 ton per hour.
94
City Document No. 34.
Approximate Cost per Ton and Cubic Yard.
1 engineer, at 31 cents
1 stoker (for furnace), at 25 cents
2 laborers, at 22 cents
Making a total of
Coal, 40 lbs
Oil, 36 gallons, at 4 cents
Making a total of
$0 31 per hour.
25 "
44 "
$1 00
= 10
= 1 44
$2 54 per hour.
Or $1.90 per ton, or $1.19 per cubic yard, when burning at
the rate of 1.34 tons per hour ; or $1.69 per ton, or $1.06 per
cubic yard, when burning at the rate of 1.50 tons per hour.
There is no item for depreciation of plant included in the
above estimate.
Third Test.
The railroad rails used for the grate-bars in the garbage
furnace being replaced by bars designed for this purpose, an-
other test was started.
April 25 — 9.15 A.M. Furnace empty and cold; 9.45
A.M., four tons of offal having been put in furnace, the fires
were started.
11.15 A.M., about one ton put in. From this time the
offal was put in as fast as it was consumed in loads of about
one ton, until 7.05 P.M., when the last of the nineteen and
one-half tons used in this test was put in the furnace.
7.45 P.M. Fire extinguished, as all the offal is reduced
to ashes.
Time fires were burning = 10 hours.
Oil used, 323 gallons, or 32.3 gallons per hour.
Offal consumed, 19.5 tons-}-, or 1.95 tons per hour.
Approxir
1 engineer, at 31 cents
1 stoker (for furnace), at
2 laborers, at 22 cents
Making a total of
Coal, 40 lbs. .
Oil, 32.3 gallons, at 4 cents
mate Cost.
. - $0 31
25 cents = 25
. = 44
per hour
<<
$1 00
. = 10
ts . = 1 29
(<
Making a total of $2 39 per hour.
1.95 tons in 10 hours, at $2.39 per hour = $1.22 per ton.
Street Department. 95
The ashes weighed back =1,085 lbs., or 55 lbs. to a ton,
or 2.75 per cent.
The offal was collected from hotels, and is considered the
most difficult to burn.
There were practically no cans in this collection ; when one
was found it was thrown out, as were also the pieces of crock-
ery and glass. No note of the weight of these few things
was taken, as its effect on the result was insignificant.
Conclusions.
It is evident that the furnace should be fed lightly, and the
offal kept in a thin layer, also that the tins should not be put
in with the offal. If some means could be devised to press
out a portion of the water in the offal without requiring too
much additional handling, the efficiency of the furnace would
be increased.
As to depreciation of plant there is no data upon which to
base a conclusion. The furnace shows no sign of injury at
present.
The inventors claim that the furnace should have been
longer in order to utilize more of the heat ; this claim is
borne out by the fact that the temperature of the flue gases
was 1,680°, the stack itself being red hot for a height of 20
feet.
It may also be granted that if a number of furnaces were
set up, the items of expense for engineers and laborers would
be reduced, as the same force would attend to several fur-
naces.
Comparison of Results.
It is interesting to compare the known results of this ex-
perimental furnace with the results obtained at Lowell dur-
ing the past year, as this city has been cremating its offal
and refuse for some time past.
Through the courtesy of the Lowell Board of Health the
following statement has been furnished :
Total cost of running the crematory, Jan. 1, 1893, to Dec.
31, 1893, $7,670.77.
Itemized as follows :
Coal $2,394 78
Oil 1,023 26
Labor 2,149 20
Carried forward, $5,567 24
96
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward ,
Plumbing
Piping .
Lead
Spark-arrester
Rebuilding
Fire-brick
Carpenter
Miscellaneous .
$5,507
24
297
26
99
46
150
00
147
b6
553
95
48
66
147
10
659
44
ST
,670
77
The work done by this crematory consisted of burning
3,500 tons of swill, 150 carcasses of animals, and infected
clothing.
The cost of burning the offal varied from $2.75 per ton in
April, 1893, to $1.15 per ton in July, 1893, with the total
cost as stated above.
It would be out of the question for the city of Boston to
treat the enormous amount of offal gathered daily (210 tons)
in this manner, as the expense, based on actual results at
Lowell, or on the experimental results obtained at Albany
street (making a large allowance for a more economical
result to be obtained by the erection of longer and better
furnaces according to latest plans of the Brown Crematory
Co. ) , at the cost of even 80 cents per ton to cremate the offal,
would involve an immense outlay.
The method of cremation must therefore be left to those
cities and towns which from their size cannot produce offal
enough to warrant the erection of a utilization plant.
Recommendations were made in last year's report concern-
ing the best method of disposing in the future of the offal of
the city of Boston. The experience and knowledge gained
on this subject during the last year has not changed in any
way the recommendations then made, and they are therefore
renewed.
First. All offal collected in the vicinity of the wharf
where the present dumping-boat is located should be taken
there, and then towed to sea. If new dumping-wharves are
established either in East Boston, Charlestown, South Bos-
ton, or the Xorth End, all the offal of these districts should
also be disposed of at sea.
Second,. A central place (such as the site of the old
small-pox hospital at the South Bay or the site of the
present offal-house on Albany street) should be selected and
a plant erected for the disposal of offal by a utilization treat-
ment.
Street Department.
97
It would be advisable to dispose of the offal of Roxbury,
the South End, and parts of Dorchester, City Proper, and
South Boston at this place. The amount of offal to be
treated at this station would amount, at the present time, to
about 130 tons per day, and would ultimately increase to
about 160 tons per day.
Third. As the erection of a utilization-treatment plant
could not be undertaken unless a considerable amount of
offal can be treated, it would be necessary to establish sev-
eral small cremation plants : one to be located in Brighton,
another in West Koxbury, and another in Dorchester, to
cremate the small amount of offal collected in these dis-
tricts.
By adopting the above-described system the greatest
economy would be effected, as the offal would be disposed
of in the vicinity where it is collected, and the expense of
hauling the material long distances would be done away
with.
During the fall of 1892, 24 offal wagons were measured
and contents weighed for the purpose of obtaining the
capacity of wagons and the weight of offal per cart load.
Their capacity averaged 3ff cord feet, or 56.25 cubic feet,
and weight averaged 3,115 lbs.
A cord equals 128 cubic feet, or 7,091 lbs.
The price per cord received by the city for the sale of
offal was the same as 1892: South yard, $4.00; Highland
yard, $5.00 ; Charlestown yard, $4.00.
Force Employed.
City Force.
Hired
Teams.
Contracts. Teams.
E.Boston.
Brighton.
1
2
07
85
2
1
2
Offal clerks
Teamsters
9
9
6
6
2
2
48
102
2
Totals
157
18
12
4
191
Note. — For capacity of offal wagons Bee Appendix C.
98
City Document No. 34.
Removal of Ashes.
The removal of ashes, house and store dirt, has been
attended to during the year by a minimum force of 221 men
and 103 city carts, also by five carts with an East Boston
contractor, and 4 by a South Boston contractor, 4 carts by
a West Roxbury contractor, and 4 carts by a Dorchester
contractor. At different times, and especially during the
winter months, an additional force of 50 teams and 100 men
are employed.
This work shows a constant increase from year to year as
will be seen in the following table, and is an indication of
the actual growth of the city :
Amount of Ashes, House and Store Dirt Removed.
Year.
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891 l
1892
1893
Number of Loads.
159,197
169,610
182,642
193,734
209,129
220,186
233,514
227,325
245,730
313,464
303,878
320,571
Each load of ashes is equivalent to 43 cubic feet.
This enormous amount of waste material is used largely
for the purpose of filling low and swampy lands ; about 27
per cent, of the entire amount collected is towed out to sea
and dumped.
The following table shows the disposition of this material
from February 1, 1893, to February 1, 1894, together with
the amount of house offal and the portion of street sweep-
ings that were disposed of by the Sanitary Division :
1 Thirteen months, from January 1, 1891, to February 1, 1892.
Street Department.
99
Amount col-
lected.
Deposited
on low
lands.
Towed to
sea.
Collected
hy con-
tractors.
Sold to
farmers.
Loads.
Loads.
Loads.
Loads.
Loads.
Ashes, house and store dirt . .
320,571
51,415
33,740
233,854
2,243
86,717
13,197
33,740
i 5,139
30 836
Total
405,726
236,097
133,654
5,139
30,836
Comparative Statement of Number of Loads of Ashes collected
during 16 Weeks of the Summer and 16 Weeks of the Winter.
Summer.
Loads.
Winter.
Loads.
Difference
for Winter.
May 4, 1889, to Aug. 23, 1889
60,609
Nov. 30, 1889, to Mar. 1, 1890
82,866
22,257
" 2, 1890, " " 21, 1890
65,239
" 1, 1S90, " " 13, 1891
93,660
28,421
" 2, 1891, " " 21, 1891
76,625
Oct. 31,1891, " Feb. 19, 1S92
100,223
23.59S
April 30,1892, " " 19,1892
82,034
" 30, 1892, " " 12, 1893
106,772
24,738
" 29,1893, " " 18, 1893
91,721
" 28, 1893, " " 16, 1894
106,851
15,130
The recommendation made in last year's report to the
effect that the city acquire land in the South Bay territory
is renewed.
The city would not only acquire territory which for years
would be available for a central dumping-station, but the
rise in valuation of this land when filled to grade 12
would be enormous, and would prove a most profitable in-
vestment. The gradual filling in of this territory would do
away with the nuisance existing when these flats are un-
covered. The South Bay in its present condition is a men-
ace to the health of the community, and the city should
acquire the territory and fill it in.
The filling in of low land within the city limits is pro-
gressing at such a rapid rate that the procuring of dumps
convenient to the locality where the material is collected is
a mattei of extreme difficulty. A large amount of material
has to be hauled a long distance, which adds largely to the
cost of disposal.
As the amount of house and store dirt began to show a
remarkably large increase, greater than could be provided
1 This amount is included in the amount collected, 51,415; of the 5,139, 3,744 loads were
collected in East Boston and 1 ,395 loads in Brighton.
100 City Document No. 34.
for in the available appropriations, steps were taken to
restrict the removal of store dirt, in particular by issuing the
following circular to large business houses, where excessive
amounts were regularly set out for collection :
Street Department,
City Hall, Boston, June 30, 1893.
Dear Sir : Under the Revised Ordinances of 1892 the Street
Department of the city of Boston is not obliged to remove rubbish and
dirt from stores and places of business. As it has been the practice of
the department, however, for a number of years, to remove a certain
amount of this material, it will continue to remove a quantity not ex-
ceeding five barrels per week from each store. The extra amount of
dirt made by you over and above these five barrels will have to be pro-
vided for at your own expense on and after July 10, 1893.
In case you desire the Street Department to remove this extra amount
of material, the work will be undertaken at a charge to you of fifteen
cents per barrel.
Please notify this department as to the course which you desire to
pursue in this matter.
Yours truly,
H. H. Carter,
Superintendent of Streets.
Later this was followed by a second circular, designed to
call attention to the fact that the city was being called upon
to remove large bulky waste that was a direct production of
business, and which should be destroyed or removed by the
party producing it, and not by the city. This rubbish was
placed in various-sized boxes and cases, irregular and large
enough to fill a cart in a very short space of time, and there-
fore necessitating the employment of an unreasonable num-
ber of teams.
This circular read as follows :
Street Department,
City Hall, Boston.
Dear Sir: Under the Revised Ordinances of 1892 the Street
Department of the city of Boston is not obliged to remove rubbish and
dirt from stores and places of business. As it has been the practice of
the department, however, for a number of years, to remove a. certain
amount of this material, arrangements have been made to continue to
remove a limited quantity of non-combustible material each week. It
is found that many storekeepers put out large quantities of light, bulky
material, such as paper boxes, pasteboard, dry straw, etc., etc., which
could readily be burned on the premises or elsewhere.
Since the city is under no obligation to remove such rubbish, you are
hereby notified that such combustible material will in future have to be
removed or disposed of by you.
Yours truly,
H. H. Carter,
Superintendent of Streets.
m
o
Street Department. 1^1 /
There are still many firms that fail to realize their respon-
sibility in the matter, who show great reluctance to incur
any expense in carting away the waste productions of their
own business.
The ordinances do not include such waste in defining the
duties of the Street Department, and for this cause, under a
fair construction of the ordinances, the custom and practice
in vogue for years has not been wholly discontinued, but
limited, practically, to the removal of a reasonable portion of
the legitimate sweepings of the floor.
The Tow-Boat "Cormorant."
A considerable reduction of expense in towing waste
material to sea has been effected by the building of a power-
ful tow-boat for this purpose. In former years the bills for
hired tow-boats amounted to about $8,000 per year, and as
the department was under the expense of also maintaining
a small unsea worthy tow-boat, the building of a new boat,
capable of doing all the work of the department, will result
in an annual saving of this amount.
The new tow-boat " Cormorant," adapted to the work of
the Sewer and Sanitary Divisions, which was under construc-
tion at the time last year's report was issued, was accepted
by the department April 11, 1893. The boat was launched
February 7, 1893, and the trial trip was made on April 7.
It was built at the Atlantic Works, East Boston.
The hull was designed by John H. Dahl, N.A., and the
engines by James T. Boyd, M.E. V
The work done by the boat is the towing of the sludge
scows of the Sewer Division and the o-arbao-e scows of the
Sanitary Division. In view of the fact that tows have to be
made regardless of the weather, and that in the winter season
the bay about the Pumping-station is liable to be frozen over,
the designers were informed that there were three primary
qualities that the boat must possess; namely, stability,
power, and ability to break ice. The result of their work,
as well as that of the builders, has proved that the boat
not only has the required qualities, but is also a fine-looking
boat and a credit to the designers, as well as the depart-
ment.
The following are some of the principal dimensions, etc. :
Length from outside of stem to outside of guard at stern,
93 feet 8 inches; breadth of beam, 20 feet; draft, 9 feet.
The keel, steam-propeller post, shaft-log, deadwood, and
planking are all white oak, the hitter being 2^ inches thick.
As a protection when breaking ice the sides are coppered
102 City Document No. 34.
with 40-ounce copper from the under side of lower guard,
to 18 inches below water-line.
The engine is an inverted , compound, high-pressure cylin-
der 15-in. diameter; low-pressure cylinder, 28-in. diameter,
and 20 inches stroke of piston.
Steam is supplied by a Scotch boiler 9 feet 6 inches in
diameter and 11 feet long; working pressure, 110 lbs. per
square inch.
Diameter of propeller wheel, 7 feet.
Dumping- Wharf .
No action has been taken on the recommendation that a
new dumping-wharf be procured at the North End. At the
time this recommendation was made, there were several
wharves available, which have since been bought by steam-
ship companies, or condemned for the North End park.
The procuring of a suitable wharf will now be a matter of
some difficulty, even if an appropriation is made.
In July, 1892, an injunction was asked of the Superior
Court by the Boston and Portsmouth Steamship Company,
against the use of the Fort Hill wharf as a dumping-wharf,
on the ground that it was a nuisance to the company and
the passengers using its steamships running to the Isles of
Shoals and Portsmouth from Snow's Arch wharf. After
consideration of the testimony, the Court refused to grant the
injunction, as it was shown that it was imperative for the
city to maintain this wharf as a dumping-station. .Grave
doubts exist as to the Court's having the same opinion when
it comes to a final hearing of the case.
The advisability of the department having another wharf
is manifest, as it would be a very serious matter if, for any
reason, the present wharf could not be used, even for a short
time.
The refuse material which has been towed to sea and
dumped during the year has been conveyed in the Barney
dumping-scows in use by the city.
The recommendation made in last year's report, that the
city purchase a second dumping-boat in place of leasing one,
has not received consideration from the government.
Considering- the fact that a new scow could be built for
$14,000, and that the city pays a rental of $15 per day for
the one it hires, the purchase of a scow would be a matter
of economy.
Street Department. 103
SEWER DIVISION.
The Sewer Division has charge of the following work :
1. The maintenance and construction of all common
sewers and catch-basins.
2. The maintenance of the Main Drainage Works.
3. The maintenance of Stony brook.
4. The maintenance and construction of all street cul-
verts.
5. The preparation of plans, and the engineering and
supervision required on the construction and maintenance of
all work connected with the division.
6. The granting of permits for all connections to be made
with the common sewers, and the custody of bonds filed by
drain-layers authorized to make such connections.
7. The levying of assessments on estates benefited by
the construction of sewers.
The general work of the year, with comments, maybe out-
lined as follows :
Sixty-six thousand four hundred linear feet of sewers have
been built during the past year by the city, and 22,837 feet
have been built by private parties, according to the plans and
rules of this division, and accepted by the city under the
usual form of release.
Under Chap. 323 of the Acts of 1891, as amended by Chap.
402 of the Acts of 1892, the Board of Street Commissioners
had laid out a number of streets, and this division has built,
by contract, all the sewers, catch-basins, and house-drains
which will ever be required, carrying the latter out to the
curb-line. In the case of some unusually wide streets, a
sewer has been built on each side of the street close to the
curb, it having been found cheaper to do this than to build
so many long house-drains. The object of building all these
drains at one time is to make it feasible to preserve the
street surface from the destructive effect of the constant dig-
ging of trenches for the laying of drains to connect the
houses with the sewers.
The water and gas mains and house connections have been
laid in these streets in the same manner and for the same
reason.
The necessity of preserving and improving the oatural
104 City Document No. 34.
watercourses in the larger valleys of the suburban districts
becomes more apparent every year, and is coming to be
better understood by the citizens generally. On the penin-
sula which formed the original town of Boston there were
no extensive valleys ; the sewers were naturally designed to
take all surface-water as well as house sewage proper, and
this practice was naturally applied to the outlying districts
when sewer-building began there ; but there it was entirely
inapplicable, on account of the enormous size of the valleys.
For example, in the valley which includes the western third
of Brighton, the main outlet sewer has been begun, being de-
signed to take the house sewage of the future population
together with a small quantity of surface-water from the
streets (the first flow from a street being the dirtiest) ; this
sewer is four feet in diameter. If the large brook now exist-
ing in this valley were to be obliterated and the sewer were
required to take all the surface-water, it would have to be
7^ ft. in diameter ; the economy of preserving the existing
watercourse is obvious.
In order to relieve to some extent the distress caused by
the large number of men being out of employment during
the winter, a number of sewers have been built, 13,878 feet
in all, which would not ordinarily have been built in cold
weather ; these sewers have been partly paid for out of the
fund contributed for the relief of the unemployed.
Although the work could not be prosecuted as economi-
cally as it could have been under more favorable weather
conditions, it is believed that much relief has been afforded
to the laboring class.
There are a number of large main sewers, for which the
necessity has long been felt, but the building has been post-
poned from year to year, owing to their great cost and to
the small proportion recoverable in the form of assessments ;
these should be begun at once, and the funds provided, as
specified in Chapter 323 of the Acts of 1891, or else long-
time loans should be negotiated for this purpose.
East Boston District.
The sewer outlet under Morrison's wharf was nearly de-
stroyed by ice last winter, and it is about to be rebuilt ;
a row of piles, to protect it from the ice, will be driven along
the edge of the wharf.
The other outlets mentioned last year — Eagle square and
Dock 13 outlets — should be extended, and Jeffries, Decatur,
and Brooks street outlets should be rebuilt as soon as money
can be obtained for this purpose.
Street Department. 105
The sewer in Havre street, between Meridian and Sumner,
an old sewer, partly of wood and partly of brick and stone,
is in very bad condition, and should be rebuilt.
The Metropolitan Intercepting Sewer is now being built in
East Boston, and a number of connections may be built this
year. If a connection is allowed at the corner of Orleans
and Maverick streets, the damming up of the Orleans-street
sewer, as described last year, may be remedied in that way ;
but the necessity for a connection with the Porter-street outlet
will remain, in order to convey the storm- water directly to
that outlet.
The Porter-street outlet, a large wooden box sewer on
piles, which was built in 1886, and has been exposed to the
action of large masses of ice every winter, is becoming badly
wrecked, and now fails to convey all the sewage to the
extreme outlet, much of it leaking out and spreading over
the flats enclosed by the sea-wall. It has been repeatedly
repaired, but will soon have to be entirely rebuilt.
A new main sewer will have to be built shortly in Chelsea
street, with storm overflow at the Chelsea-street bridge. This
will afford an outlet for sewers in Chaucer, Pope, Curtis, and
adjacent streets.
The sewer in Paris street, near Meridian street, which
drains through Wesley street, will have to be rebuilt.
Work is about to be commenced on the outlet sewer for
Ley den street, west of Breed street.
The Board of Metropolitan Sewerage Commission, not
having completed the siphon under Belle Isle Inlet, no ar-
rangement could be made to take the sewage of Orient
Heights into the Metropolitan sewer, as proposed in last
year's report.
Work done during 1893.
Two thousand three hundred and ninety-five linear feet of
sewers were built last year, including the completion of the
Moore-street and Lamson-street outlets to deep water.
ClIARLESTOWN DISTRICT.
In the Alford-street district the sewer in Alford street has
been built, and now discharges temporarily into the Mystic
river at the bridge, and will continue to so discharge until it
is possible to connect it Avith the Metropolitan sewer. The
sewers in the rest of the streets of this district will all (with
the exception of West street) drain through a sewer to be
built in Arlington avenue ; it is not advisable to build this
sewer until after the Somcrville branch of the Metropolitan
106 City Document No. 34.
sewer, which is designed to go in the same avenue, has been
built ; this will probably be done this year, after which the
sewerage of this district may be completed.
Work done during 1893.
Two thousand three hundred and thirty-four linear feet of
sewers, all 12 and 15 inch pipe, were built last year.
City Proper and Back Bay Districts.
Owing to the uncertainty in regard to the proposed build-
ing of a subway to the abandoned site of the Boston and
Maine station in Haymarket square, the route of which
would cut across the line of the proposed sewer for the
relief of the Canal-street district, it has not been thought
expedient to make a beginning on this sewer.
If such a subway is built, the sewer systems of this
vicinity will all have to be remodelled, and lines and grades
adopted, which will not interfere with the subway.
The sewer in Hull street, although it continues to perform
its office, should be rebuilt, as it is liable to fall in.
No sewer has been built yet to take the sewage of the
houses on the water side of Beacon street. If a boulevard
or parkway is to be built there, the sewer should be built
in connection with it.
Nothing has yet been done to improve the sanitary condi-
tion of the Faneuil Hall markets ; when a new sewer is built
across the city, to relieve the Canal-street system, the mar-
kets can be satisfactorily sewered.
An overflow sewer, to connect with the Muddy-river con-
duit, is an essential part of the system of sewers of which
the sewer in Vila street is the main ; this is not yet built, but
will have to be, before many sewers receiving surface-water
can be added to this system.
Work done during 1893.
One thousand five hundred and one linear feet of sewers
were built by the city, and none by private parties.
South Boston.
There is little to be said about the sewers in South Boston
which has not been said in previous reports ; in general,
there are many defective sewers, which will have to be
rebuilt from time to time, and there is need of a capacious
outlet to the South Bay, for the sewer systems of the south-
western part of the peninsula.
Street Department. 107
The sewer outlets on the southerly side of the peninsula
at N, K, I, and H streets are all stopped up, and the sewage
discharges upon the beach. These will have to be rebuilt,
and extended to low-water mark ; but the work had better be
deferred until some of the filling has been deposited to form
the new proposed Park boulevard.
Work done during 1893.
Six hundred and ninety -four linear feet of sewers were
built by the city, and 475 by private parties.
Dorchester District.
The Dorchester Lower Mills sewer is now nearly done,
and the Dorchester intercepting sewer is also approaching
completion, that is as far as Lower Mills ; and the time is
now at hand when the whole of Dorchester Lower Mills vil-
lage may be sewered. A petition for sewerage, signed by
about 150 persons, was presented as long ago as 1887, and
numerous other petitions have been received since.
The people of this district should be given the benefit
of these two expensive sewers, aggregating in cost about
$200,000, at the earliest possible time ; to accomplish this,
the pipe sewers in the various streets should be built at
once in anticipation of the completion of the mains, so that
all may be put into operation this year.
Sewers have been built in Sturbridge and Sanford streets
during the past winter, in accordance with this idea, and
have afforded labor to many of the unemployed, through
the cooperation of this department with the Citizens' Eelief
Committee. The necessity for sewering the " Corbett, Max-
well, and Capen street" district is as urgent as that of Dor-
chester Lower Mills.
A petition has been received asking to have the tempo-
rary pumping scheme, as proposed in last year's report, car-
ried out ; and there does not seem to be any other feasible
plan for affording immediate relief to this locality, as a
sewer largely in tunnel, by the Park street or any other
route, would require several years to build.
The portions of the system proposed which would have to
be abandoned upon the completion of the tunnel sewer
would cost but a small percentage of the whole, as most of
the sewers would be of a permanent character.
. The northern portion of the Savin Hill peninsula will
have to be provided with a system of sewers very soon, as
building is going on there quite rapidly, and the rocky char-
acter of the ground makes cesspools expensive and trouble-
some.
108 City Document No. 34.
Work clone during 1893.
Twelve thousand seven hundred and fifty linear feet of
sewers were built by the city, and 8,606 feet by private
parties.
ROXBURY.
There are, in Eoxbury, many bad sewers, and in some
places whole systems of sewers which are defective, and ex-
tensive rebuilding will have to be done at some time in the
future. Most of it is of an expensive character, and is put
off from year to year on that account.
In the City Proper and in South Boston a similar state of
things exists. It would seem that the only practical way in
which anything can be accomplished is to issue a long-time
loan for the purpose of providing funds for rebuilding defec-
tive sewers in these districts.
Work done during 1893.
Twenty-two thousand one hundred and eighteen linear
feet of sewers were built by the city, and 3,028 feet by pri-
vate parties.
West Roxbury.
Now that the Eoslindale and West Roxbury Trunk sewer
has been practically completed, at an expense of about
$150,000, advantage should be promptly taken of it to build
tributary sewers in all streets on which there are many
dwellings.
Work will be commenced very soon upon a branch of the
main sewer which is to cross the railroad tracks at Highland
Station, and connect with sewers already built by private
parties. Upon the completion of this connection, the land
owners on Park, Bellevue, and adjacent streets propose to
combine and build quite an extensive system of sewers to be
released to the city.
The land in the vicinity of South street, between Keyes
and Morton streets, sometimes called the Anson and St.
Mark street district, needs sewers badly ; and the outlet sewer
to Washington street must be built at once, before the opera-
tions of raisins: the grade of the Providence Railroad begin.
A main sewer here would open up much valuable land for
building purposes, near the village of Jamaica Plain.
Streets in the low lands near Stony brook in Jamaica
Plain need sewers, but none can be built because the main
sewer in Washington street is too high.
These streets cannot be properly sewered until a new main
Street Department. 109
sewer is built at a lower level, probably in the channel of
Stony brook, as discussed in previous reports : drainage
might be temporarily secured by some scheme of pumping.
If a separate system were built in these streets, and surface
and roof water rigidly excluded from the sewers, the amount
of sewage to be pumped would be small.
Work done during 1893.
Twelve thousand three hundred and thirty-six linear feet of
sewers have been built by the city, and 8,107 feet by private
parties.
Brighton.
A beginning has been made on a system of sewers for the
western part of the town, as discussed in former reports, and
the outlet sewer is now being built.
All the abattoir drains which are in operation have been
connected with the Metropolitan sewer, and this source of
pollution of the river has been done away with.
A large amount of sewer-building has been done on Com-
monwealth avenue, and everything in the nature of sewers,
surface drains, and catch-basins between Beacon street and
Brighton avenue will soon be completed, with the exception
of the structures which are to be built at the marshy spot
just west of Essex street, where the filling is not yet suffi-
ciently well settled. The greater part of the work of the
same nature between Brighton avenue and Warren street has
also been completed.
Sewers are needed in North Harvard street and Western
avenue, north-easterly from their junction. As previously
explained, a separate system of sewers will have to be built
in each of these streets, one sewer to convey surface-water
to the river, and another sewer to convey house sewage to
the Metropolitan sewer.
Work done during 1893.
Twelve thousand two hundred and seventy-three linear
feet of sewers were built by the city, and 2,621 feet by pri-
vate parties.
Stony Brook.
The engineers of the New York, New Haven, & Hartford
Bail road have included, as an essential part of the work of
raising the railroad, the building of a new channel for Stony
brook between :i point near Aniory street and a point about
400 feet south of Boylston street.
This proposition obviates most of the dillicultics discussed
110 City Document No. 34.
in former reports, as likely to ensue in consequence of the
raising of the tracks.
By constant attention the water in the brook has been
satisfactorily handled during the past winter, a sufficient
quantity having been turned down the old channel to satisfy
the Boston Belting Company, and the remainder having
been turned into the new channel at the inlet chamber near
Pynchon street. The flow of water into either channel is
regulated by changing stop-planks in the various openings,
controlling in this manner the flow of water in the old
channel, and preventing flooding in Roxbury. Dams of ice
and snow have formed occasionally, but have been removed
before damage could result.
Main Drainage Works.
This branch of the Sewer Division is in about the same
general condition as when last year's report was issued.
There has never been a time since these works were put in
operation that a satisfactory report could be made in regard
to them, for the reason that, while they are works that are
unequalled in the country, and the original design has proved
to be all that was expected, the plant was started in opera-
tion before it was completed, and there has been practically
nothing done towards completing it since. Each successive
year attention has been called to the incompleteness of
different portions of the works and the need of completion
stated, but the necessary appropriations for the work have
never been furnished.
The conditions at the pumping-station this year over last
show an increased amount of repairs needed to put the works
in proper working condition. The refitting of the valve-
seats on the pumps spoken of last year has been continued,
so that three of the four pumps are now complete in this
respect, and work on the fourth is in progress.
The failure to do any of the other work mentioned last
year, in connection with the pumps even, has caused the
amount of repairs now necessary to be greatly increased, as
well as the cost of maintenance under the present conditions.
The lack of money, either in the amount allowed for mainten-
ance or by special appropriation, is the only thing that has
prevented this costly plant from being kept in its proper and
efficient condition. The most important items necessary at
the pumping-station are : the refitting of the gates of the
pump-wells, also those at the filth-hoist, and a new set of
cages and chains at the latter place, new tubes for the four
boilers, and a second main steam-pipe to the pumps. There
Street Department. Ill
is a large loss of duty caused by leakage at the steam end of
the pumps. The steam-pipes have been under constant
pressure for ten years, and need to be thoroughly overhauled.
This cannot be done without an auxiliary main pipe, as
the plant is never shut down, and proper repairs cannot be
made while the pipes are under steam pressure of 100 lbs.
per square inch.
The extension of the wharf and the dredging of the chan-
nel, spoken of in last year's report, have not been done, but
the urgency for both is greater than ever. The usual tests
of the tunnel, to ascertain the reduction of area, if any, from
deposits, have been made, and its condition is very satisfac-
tory. On account of complaints that the grease taken
from the east shaft, towed to sea and dumped, was finding
its way to the shores and beaches of the bay, this way of
disposing of it was stopped. After trying to dispose of it
in several different ways, a method of separating the grease
from the other impurities has been found, so that now it is
of some value, as the revenue from it will at least pay for
the cost of its removal .
At Moon Island there is considerable needed in the way
of repairs.
The work on the gates and frames in the discharge sewer
has been completed. The same repairs are necessary on
the outfall sewer gates. The walls of all the divisions of
the reservoir need repointing, as does the brickwork of the
southerly wall of the long gate-house. The gas from the
sewage has a decided effect on mortar, — much more so than
the sewage itself. The difference was showm very plainly in
the outfall sewer, where the pointing was done last year.
The mortar between the bricks above the surface of the
sewage, was gone for an inch in depth, while that below the
surface was intact.
A boat chamber should be built in the outfall sewer near
the gate-house for convenience in entering the sewer, and for
ventilation, of which there is great need. All of the iron
fence around the reservoir will have to be repaired, as it is
in a dangerous condition.
An iron balcony should be built on the front of the out-
fall building for the use and safety of the men on the work.
The turbine wheel will probably have to be renewed the
coming year, as it is about destroyed.
Intercepting Connections.
All the Brighton sewers that emptied into the Charles
river were, during the past season, connected with the ex-
112 City Document No. 34.
tension of the Main Drainage Works constructed by the Met-
ropolitan Sewerage Commission.
The main and intercepting sewers throughout the city
have received more than the usual attention. The large
number of new connections with the interceptors has greatly
increased the work of the force having charge of this por-
tion of the system, and the construction of proper buildings
at its headquarters, spoken of in the last report, should not
be longer delayed.
Dynamite.
The increasing use of dynamite in rock-blasting in this
city has been accompanied by a number of accidental explo-
sions. This peculiar explosive is safe enough if handled
properly, but if not so handled is exceedingly dangerous.
The principal source of danger arises from the necessity of
warming it before using, in order to make it effective in
cold weather. Various methods are resorted to : the car-
tridges are sometimes embedded in hot sand, they are some-
times warmed by being placed around a stove or on a shelf
over the stove in the tool-house ; quite a common practice is
to warm them in one of the pine boxes in which they are
packed by the dealers. If the same box is used for a con-
siderable length of time, the wood becomes saturated with
the nitro-glycerine oil which oozes slowly from the cartridges ;
the box then becomes a source of danger, being sensitive to
concussion. After consultation with the manufacturers, a
code of rules has been drawn up, which, if rigidly enforced,
would render accidental explosions almost impossible. These
rules are as follows :
Rules
For the use of Dynamite, Dualin, Forcite, and other Nitro-Glycerine
Compounds.
No quantity of dynamite or other similar explosive in excess of twenty
pounds shall be kept in the immediate vicinity of the work.
Any larger amount shall be stored in a locked shed or box at a dis-
tance of two hundred feet or more from the trench.
Exploders shall not be kept in same shed, box, or other enclosure with
dynamite. Exploders shall not be put into the cartridges until the
moment of loading the holes. Cartridges with exploders attached shall
not be carried about the work.
In case four or more cartridges are loaded into one hole, a common
fuse cap shall be inserted into the cartridge which lies ujoon the one at
the bottom of the hole, more than usual care being exercised to ram
gently this cartridge and those above it.
When cold weather makes it necessary to warm the cartridges, the
warming shall be done in the following manner : Water shall be
heated to the boiling point in an iron pot (to be furnished by the city
for that purpose), and a sufficient quantity of hot water shall be poured
into the space between the inner and outer walls of a galvanized iron
Street Department. 113
warming pail (to be furnished by the city) to fill that space ; the car-
tridges are then to be placed in the inner pail to warm.
The water is to be boiled in a separate pot as directed ; the galvanized
iron pail is not to be put over the fire.
The cartridges are to be carried to the holes which are to be loaded in
this double pail, the space between the inner and outer pails being kept
filled with hot water, and the pail covered with the cover.
If the cartridges have to be carried a long distance, the first water
used may be thrown out, after the cartridges are thawed, and the space
filled again with hot water.
The cartridges shall not be removed from the inner pail except at the
hole to be loaded ; they shall then be primed by attaching the exploders,
and shall then be immediately loaded into the holes.
Cartridges shall not be warmed in any other receptacle or in any
other manner than has been directed ; foremen shall be responsible for
the rigid enforcement of these rules on their work ; and inspectors shall
require the same rules to be rigidly enforced by contractors both upon
work under contract to the city, and on sewers which are being
built by private parties to be released to the city.
Contractors will be furnished by the city with the proper appliances.
These rules can be enforced by this department only on
work over which it has supervision, but much rock- work is
done by the contractors, frequently close to travelled streets,
where such supervision cannot be exercised.
The safety of the general public demands that the City
Council should compel, by ordinance, the observance by
contractors of these or a similar set of rules ; permits should
be required for this kind of work, and the city should send
properly instructed inspectors to enforce such rules rigidly.
Diagrams.
The diagrams for sewer calculations, published in last
year's report, are again inserted. These diagrams are used
to determine approximately and very readily the size which a
sewer should have, when the conditions of slope and char-
acter of the surface of the area to be drained and the slope
of the sewer are known.
Plate 1 is intended to show the maximum rate of flood
discharge which it is reasonable to provide for from a
given area of a certain degree of steepness, according to the
Buerkli-Ziegler formula, using for the factor R the value 1 ;
i.e., one cubic foot per second per acre or its equivalent,
one inch of rain per hour.
Plate 2 shows the discharging capacity of sewers of a
given size at a given inclination.
Each curve represents two sets of values, one for a sewer
of a certain size running full, and another for a sewer of a
larger size running at approximately three-fourths full.
114 City Document No. 34.
Laws and Ordinances concerning the Building and
Assessing of Sewers.
The following complete compilation of the various laws
and ordinances under which sewers have been built in the
city of Boston has been made for convenient reference.
Province Laws, 1709-10.
Act, Passed at the Session begun and held at Boston, October 26, 1709.
(Chapter 5.)
An Act for Regulating of Drains and Common Shores.*
For preventing of inconveniences and damages by frequent breaking
up the highways, streets, and lanes, in towns, for the laying and repair-
ing of drains, or common shores, and of differences arising among part-
ners in such drains, or common shores, about their propoi'tion of the
charge for making or repairing the same,
Be it enacted by His Excellency the Governor, Council, and Repre-
sentatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the
same.
Section 1. That from and after the 25th day of March, 1710, no
person may presume to dig or break up the ground, in any highway,
street, or lane, within any town, for the laying, repairing, or amending
of any drain, or common shore, without the approbation and consent of
the selectmen, signified in writing under the hand of the town clerk,
on pain of forfeiting twenty shillings to the use of the poor of such
town, to be levied by warrant from any one of her majestj^'s justices of
the peace, and to make good all damages occasioned by such bi'each.
And be it further enacted,
Sect. 2. That all drains and common shores for the draining of
cellars, hereafter to be made or repaired in any streets or highways
shall be substantially clone with brick or stock, in such manner as the
selectmen of the town shall direct.
Sect. 3. And that it shall and may be lawful to and for any one or
more of the inhabitants of any town, at his or their own cost and charge,
to make and lay a common shore, or main drain, for the benefit of them-
selves and others that shall think fit to join therein.
And every person that shall afterwards enter his or her particular
drain into such common shore, or main drain, or by any more remote
means receive benefit thereby', for the draining of their cellars or
lands, shall be obliged to pay unto the owner or owners of such com-
mon shore or main drain, a proportionable part of the charge of making
or repairing the same, or so much thereof as shall be below the place
where any particular drain joins or enters thereinto, at the judgement
of the selectmen of the town, or major part of them ; saving a right of
appeal to such determination ; provided,
Sect. 4. This act shall not extend to the altering of any particular
agreement, or contract made betwixt persons interested in any drain or
common shore.
Passed Nov. 17.
* Sewers.
26O0
ZAOQ
2200
C - O „ Aft 6*,-6-*T,-X-6 <
NUMBER
ACRES
DRAINED.
DRAINAGE -At
?E4 <
curve:
FROM BUERTHZfEGLER FORMULA
FOR SUb'JRBAN DISTRICTS.
J?
p
PLATE/.
'05 SI
1 s
» - - *o
»;- ,• S
DRAINED.
O o 6 o o O
Qo8§r§o§?§o
Street Department. 115
Province Laws, 1762-63. Chapter 27.
An Act in addition to the act made and passed in the Eighth Year of the
Reign of Her Majesty Queen Anne, Intitled " An Act for regulating
of Drains or Common Shores.' 1 ''
Whereas, in and by an act made and passed in the eighth year of the
reign of her late majesty Queen Anne, intitled " An act for regulating of
drains and common shores," it is enacted, among other things "that it
shall and may be lawfull to and for any one or more of the inhabitants
of any town, at his and their own cost and charge, to make and lay a
common shore, or main drain, for the benefit of themselves and others
that shall think fit to join therein ; and every person that shall after-
wards enter his or her particular drain into such common shore, or
main drain, or by any more remote means receive benefit thereby, for
the draining of their cellars or lands, shall be obliged to pay unto the
owner or owners of such common shore, or main drain, a proportion-
able part of the charge of making or repairing the same, or so much
thereof as shall be below the place where any particular drain joins or
enters thereinto, at the judgment of the selectmen of the town, or major
part of them ; " and whereas it frequently happens that the main drains,
or common shores, decay and fill up, and the persons immediately affected
thereby are obliged to repair such common shore to prevent damage to
themselves and others whose drains enter above, as well as below,
them, and no particular provision is made by said Act to compell such
persons as dwell above that part where common shores are repaired,
and have not sustained damage, to pay their proportionable share
thereof, as shall be adjudged by the selectmen, nor in what manner the
same shall be recovered, which has already occasioned many disputes
and controversies ; wherefore, for preventing the same for the future,
Be it enacted by the Governor, Council and House of Representa-
tives,
Section 1. That whensoever it shall hereafter happen, after the 2d
of April next, that any common shore, or main drain, is stopped or gone
to decay, so that it will be necessary to open such common shore, or
main drain, to remove such stoppage, and repair it; not only the person
or pei-sons who shall so do, or cause the same to be done, but all others
whose drains enter, either above or below, such common shore, or main
drain, or receive any benefit by said common shore or main drain, shall
pay such a proportionable part of the whole expense of opening and
repairing the common shore, or main drain, as shall be adjudged to
them by the selectmen to the town or the major part of them to be
certified under their hands; if any person or persons, after such certifi-
cate is made, shall refuse to pay the same within ten days, to the person
so appointed by the selectmen to i m eceive it, being duly notified thereof,
he shall be liable and subject to pay to such person appointed, double
the sum mentioned in such certificate, and all costs arising upon such
refusal ; and such person is hereby fully authorized and impowered to
bring an action or actions for the same accordingly.
Provided always,
Sect. 2. That the persons who have occasion to open any common
shore, or main drain, in order to clean or repair the same, shall first
notify all persons who are interested therein, that they may have an
opportunity of making their objections against such persons proceed-
ing, and laying the same before the selectmen ; and if the selectmen,
or major part of them, judge their objections reasonable, then such
person or persons shall not be obliged to pay any part of the charge
thereof; but it' they do not make their objections in person, or writ-
ing, within three days niter warning given, or the selectmen, or the
major part of them, determine their objection not of sufficient force,
then such person or persons may (having tirst liberty therefor, under
116 City Document No. 34.
the hands of the major part of the selectmen) proceed to open such com-
mon shore, and clean and repair the same; and all interested in such
common shore, or main drain, shall pay their proportion as is provided
in this act.
Provided also
Sect. 3. That nothing in this act shall be construed or understood
to set aside or make void any covenants or agreements already made,
or that hereafter may be made, among proprietors of such drains or
common shore.
Sect. 4 This act to continue and be in force from the last day of
March next, to the 2d of Api'il 1770, and no longer.
Passed February 24, 1763.
1769-70.
An Act for reviving and continuing Sundry Laws that are
expired and near expiring.
(Here follows among other acts)
An Act made and passed in the 8th year of her late Majesty Queen
Anne, inlitled •' An act for regulating drains and common shores.''' 1
(As before printed.) .
That such of the before mentioned acts as are expired, be revived and
such of said acts as are not yet expired, be continued, with all and every
clause, matter and thing therein respectively contained, and shall be
in force untill the 1st of July 1773 and no longer.
Passed April 26th 1770.
Revived and continued in 1773 until November 1778.
Continued in 1778 until 1782.
Continued until 1797.
Chapter 14.
An Act for regulating Drains and Common Shores.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa-
tives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same.
That if any person shall dig or break up the ground in any highway,
street or lane in any town, for the laying altering, repairing or amend-
ing of any drain or common shore, without the consent of the Selectmen
of the town, signified in writing under the hand of the town clerk, such
person shall forfeit and pay four dollars for each offence, to the use of
the poor of the town, to be recovei'ed with costs of suit in action of debt
by the Treasurer thereof, before any disinterested Justice of the Peace
in the county.
Sect. 2. Be it further enacted, that all drains and common shores
for the draining of cellars, which shall hereafter be made or repaired in
any street or highway, shall be substantially done with brick or stone,
or with such other materials as the Selectmen of the town shall permit,
and in such manner as said Selectmen shall direct.
And when any one or more of the inhabitants of any town shall, by
the consent, and under the direction aforesaid, at his or their own
charge, make and lay any common Shore or main drain for the benefit
of themselves and others, who may think fit to join therein, every per-
son w r ho afterwards shall enter his or her particular drain into the
same, or by any more remote means shall receive any benefit thereby,
for the draining of their cellars or lands, shall be held to pay to the
owner or owners of such common Shore or Main Drain, a proportion-
able part of the charge of making or repairing the same, to be ascer-
tained and determined by the Selectmen of the town, or a major part
of them, and certified under their hands, saving always to the party
LENGTH OF SEWER FOR
540&.
4SOfA
42.00
FALL
e
CT QA/£T
FOOT:
8 5 5 5 s i
o
G=VA
Q^SscharseIn cubic feet
SEWER DIAGRAM
PEP- SECOND
MOO
1300
/ZOO
JCITr IN FEE!
TABLES (BASED ON'KiJTTEjiS FORMULA}
.YvEk CUV ATREET Bt.PT CITY OF BOSTON.
v-om~! a
-ztm
rtSiL + 0.4
V.OJS __ _
it+ oooi m
ira
J35
AREA^CROSS_iEC-TION OF STREAM
WETTEU PERIMETER
c = JL-FAE.-OFJ\/ATER surface
i-~. -t-t LENGTH'
PLATE 2.
I ISOO
r~?'
IP?
gpcs
ii
I;
LENGTH OF SEWER FOR FALL OF ONE FOOT
o§
Street Department. 117
aggrieved at any such determination, a right to appeal to the court of
General Sessions of the Peace.
Sect. 3. Be it further enacted,
That when any common Shoi*e or main drain shall be stopped or gone
to decay, so that it shall be necessary to open the same in order to
repair it or remove such stoppage, all the persons who shall be benefited
by such repairs or removal of obstructions, shall be held to pay their
proportionable part of the expenses thereof, as well as those who do
not as those who do cause such repairs to be made or obstruction
removed ; to be ascertained and determined by the Selectmen as afore-
said, having an appeal as aforesaid.
And each person so held to pay his or her part shall have notice
thereof, of the sum, and to whom to be paid; and if such person shall
not pay the same within 10 days after such notice, to the person ap-
pointed by the Selectmen to receive it he or she shall be held to pay the
person so appointed, double the sum mentioned in such certificate, with
all costs, arising upon such neglect; and such person is hereby empow-
ered to bring an action or actions for the same accordingly.
Provided always, That the person or persons who shall have occasion
to open any common shore or main drain, in order to clear and repair
the same, shall, seven days at least before they begin to open the same,
notify all persons interested therein, by advertising in such manner as
the Selectmen may direct, that they may (if they think proper) object
thereto, and lay their objections in person or writing before the Select-
men ; and if the Selectmen or the major part of them, shall judge the
objections treasonable, then the person or persons making the same
shall not be held to pay any part of such expenses, but if they do not
make their objections as aforesaid to the Selectmen within 3 days after
being so notified, or if they shall deem the objections not to be sufficient,
then they shall under their hands give liberty to the persons applying
to proceed to open such common Shore or main Drain and clean and re-
pair the same; and all interested therein shall pay their proportions as
is provided in this act.
Provided also, That nothing in this act shall be understood or con-
strued to effect or make void any covenants or agreements already
made or that may hereafter be made, among the Proprietors of such
Drains or common Shores.
Sect. 4. Be it further enacted, That this act shall take effect and be
in force on and after the 1st day of July next and that an act passed
1701J for regulating drains and common Shores and another act passed
1763 in addition thereto and continued in force to the 1st of November
next, be repealed on and after the 1st day of July except as to the en-
forcing payment of such forfeitures as may before that time accrue by
virtue thereof.
Passed Feb. 20th, 1797.
The laws passed from 1709 to 1797 provided for the
building of individual drains and sewers by the inhabitants,
the only restriction being that the materials entering into
the work, and the proportionate part of the cost that per-
sons should pay for the privilege of connecting with the
sewer, should be determined by the selectmen.
City Ordinance relative to Drains and Common Severs, passed
July 7, 1823.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the Mayor, Aldermen, and Common
Council of the City of Boston, in City Council assembled, That all com-
118 City Document No. 34.
mon sewers which shall hereafter be considered necessary by the mayor
and aldermen, in any street or highway in which there is at present no
common sewer, shall be made and laid, and forever afterward shall be
kept in repair, at the expense of the city and under the direction of the
mayor and aldermen, or of some person or persons by them appointed.
Sect. 2. Be it further ordained, That every person who shall enter
his or her particular drain into such common sewer, or shall otherwise
be benefited thereby, shall be held to pay the city such sum of money
as the mayor and aldermen shall deem just and reasonable, having
reference always to the valuation of each estate connected with said
drains, in the assessors 1 books ; and in the case of any subsequent repair
of such common sewer the mayor and aldermen shall assess the amount
of such repair on those whose particular drains connect therewith, or
are otherwise benefited thereby, in such amount as they deem just and
reasonable.
Sect. 7. Be it further ordained, That whenever any common sewer
shall go to decay, and the mayor and aldermen shall deem it necessary
to rebuild or repair the same, they shall have power to cause the same
to be clone under their direction, and to assess the amount of such re-
building or repairs upon the owner, agent, or tenant, as in the foregoing
ordinance provided for the case of streets in which there is no common
sewer.
This ordinance provided that sewers should be built by
the city instead of by the individual, and that the expense
of the work should be defrayed by the persons who connected
with the sewer in such sums as determined by the Mayor and
Aldermen.
City Ordinance relative to Sewers and Drains, passed February 13,
1834.
This ordinance is almost identical with the Ordinance of
1823, with the exception that the superintendence of all
sewers was put into the hands of the City Marshal. As the
Ordinance of 1823 was very ambiguous concerning sewer
assessments, the Ordinance of 1834 contained the following
clauses relative to this matter :
Section 4. Be it further ordained, That it shall be the duty of the
auditor of accounts to keep an accurate account of the expense of con-
structing each common sewer, and on receiving the report of the city
marshal relating thereto, to assess the expense upon the persons and
estates deriving benefit therefrom, in conformity with the provisions of
this ordinance and the laws of the Commonwealth ; and after having
completed such assessment, he shall report the same to the mayor and
aldermen, and if sanctioned by them he shall enter the same in books
to be kept for that purpose, and proceed forthwith to collect such as-
sessments.
It would also seem that under the Ordinance of 1823 some
difficulty had* arisen concerning the levying of assessments,
as section 5 of the Ordinance of 1834 provides for the col-
lection of back assessments, as follows :
Street Department. 119
Section 5. Be it further ordained, That for the purpose of making
and collecting assessments for common sewers heretofore constructed by
the city, the expenses of which have not already been assessed and col-
lected, it shall be the duty of the city marshal and the auditor of accounts
to proceed in relation to all such sewers in the same manner as they are
by this ordinance directed to proceed in relation to those which may
hereafter be constructed.
An Ordinance to establish the Office of Superintendent of Sewers.
June 6, 1837.
Section 1. There shall be appointed annually in the month of May
or June, by concurrent vote of the city council, a superintendent of
common sewers. . . .
Sect. 3. The said Superintendent, whenever any common sewer is
ordered to be built or repaired, shall ascertain its depth, breadth, mode
of construction, and general direction, and make apian thereof, and insert
the same, with all those particulars, in a book to be kept for that
purpose, and forthwith ascertain and insert on said plan all entries
made into such sewer, and obtain from the assessors' book the valuation
of all estates which shall be benefited thereby.
Sect. 4. The said Superintendent shall keep an account of the
expense of constructing each common sewer, and assess the expense
upon the persons and estates deriving benefit therefrom ; and after having
completed said assessment he shall report the same to the mayor and
aldermen, and if sanctioned by them, he shall enter the same in books
to be kept for that purpose, and shall forthwith make out bills for the
said assessments against all persons whose drains have entered the
common sewer, or who have been otherwise benefited thereby, and
deliver the same to the city treasurer for collection ; and the said
treasurer shall forthwith present the same for payment; and all bills
or dues under this ordinance which shall remain unpaid at the expira-
tion of sixty days shall be handed to the city solicitor, and forthwith
be put in suit.
Sect. 5. The said Superintendent shall proceed forthwith to make
all assessments for common sewers heretofore constructed by the city,
the expenses of which have not already been assessed and collected, in
the same manner as he is by this ordinance directed to proceed in rela-
tion to those which may hereafter be constructed.
The above ordinance comprises, in a condensed form, all
the provisions of former statutes and ordinances.
An Act in relation to Main Brains or Common Sewers. Passed 1841.
Accepted by the City Council April 7, 1841.
The only new feature introduced by this act is the clause
relative to the sewer assessment, and the clause under which
the city of Boston assumed one-quarter of the expense of
construction, which is as follows :
And all assessments so made shall constitute a lien on the real estate
assessed for one year after they are laid, and may, together with all in-
cidental costs and expenses, be levied by sale thereof if the assessment
is not paid within three months after a written demand of payment
made, either upon the person assessed or upon any person occupying
the estate, such sale to be conducted in like manner as sales for the
non-payment of taxes.
120 City Document No. 34.
Sect. 4. Any person who may deem himself aggrieved by any such
assessment may, at any time within three months from receiving notice
thereof, appeal to the county commissioners, or if the case arise in the
city of Boston . . . to the court of common pleas; . . . pro-
vided, however, that in all cases of appeal as aforesaid, the appellant,
before entering it, shall give one month's notice in writing to . . .
mayor and aldermen of his intention to appeal and shall therein par-
ticularly specify the points of his objection to the assessment made by
them, to which specification he shall be confined upon the hearing of
the appeal.
Sect. 5. . . . and in the city of Boston not less than one-quarter
part of such expense [of constructing, maintaining, and repairing main
drains or common sewers] shall be paid by said city, and shall not be
charged upon those using the said main drains or common sewers.
Ordinance passed June 14, 1841.
This ordinance is drawn in conformity with the act passed
April 7, 1841, and contains no new features.
Ordinance passed December 31, IS 62.
~No owner or owners of any real estate, to whom permission has been
or shall be given to construct pi'ivate drains for such estate, shall by the
construction of such private drains be exempted from an assessment
lawfully imposed for constructing common sewers in the same vicinity.
Statutes and Ordinances in Force 1869.
Statutes.
Section 4. Every person who enters his particular drain into such
main drain or common sewer, or who, by more remote means, receives
benefit thereby, for the draining his cellar or land, shall pay to the city
or town a proportional part of the charge of making and repairing the
same, to be ascertained, assessed, and certified by the mayor and alder-
men or selectmen, and notice thereof shall be given to the party to be
charged, or his tenant or lessee.
Sect. 5. Assessments so made shall constitute a lien on the real
estates assessed for one year after they are laid, and may, together
with incidental costs and expenses, be levied by sale thereof, if the
assessment is not paid within three months after a written demand for
payment, made either upon the person assessed, or upon any person
occupying the estate ; such sale to be conducted in like manner as sales
for the non-payment of taxes.
Sect. 6. A person aggrieved by such assessment may, at any time
within three months from receiving notice thereof, apply for a jury.
Such application shall be made in like manner, and the proceedings
thereon shall be the same, as in case of lands taken for laying out of
highways ; provided, that before making his application the party shall
give one month's notice in writing to the selectmen or mayor and alder-
men of his intention so to apply, and shall therein particularly specify
his objections to the assessment made by them ; to which specification
he shall be confined upon the hearing by the jury.
Sect 7. . . . and in the city of Boston not less than one-quarter
part of such expense [of constructing, maintaining, and repairing main
drains and common sewers] shall be paid by the city, and shall not be
charged upon those using the main drains and common sewers.
Street Department. 121
Ordinances.
Section 5. He [superintendent of sewers] shall keep an accurate
account of the expense of constructing and repairing each common
sewer, and shall report the same to the board of aldermen, together
with a list of the persons and estates deriving benefit therefrom, and
an estimate of the value of the lands upon which said expense ought to
be assessed, exclusive of any buildings or improvements thereon.
Sect. 6. The board of aldermen, in making assessments for defray-
ing the expense of constructing or repairing common sewers-, pursuant
to the provisions of this ordinance, shall deduct therefrom such part,
not less than one-quarter, as they may deem expedient, to be charged to
and paid by the city; and they shall assess the remainder thereof upon
the persons and estates deriving benefit from such common sewer,
either by the entry of their particular drains, or by any more remote
means, apportioning the assessment according to the value of the lands
thus benefited, exclusive of any buildings or improvements thereon ;
and they shall also fix the time when the proportion of the assessments
charged upon persons benefited shall be paid.
Sect. 7. The superintendent shall enter in books kept for that pur-
pose all such assessments made by the board of aldermen, and shall
forthwith make out bills for the same and deliver them to the city
treasurer for collection ; and the city treasurer shall forthwith demand
payment in writing of the said bills, in the manner prescribed by law;
and if any bills or dues under this ordinance remain unpaid at the
expiration of three months after demand for payment or collection, the
city treasurer shall cause the same to be collected by the proper legal
process.
Sect. 9. It shall be lawful for all persons, having the care of any
buildings, to carry the rain water from the roofs of said buildings, at
their own expense, into any common sewers, free of any charge from the
city ; provided, hoivever, that the same be done by tight water spouts and
tubes under ground, and under the direction of the board of aldermen.
Sect 14. No owner or owners of any real estate to whom permis-
sion has been or shall be given to construct private drains for such
estate shall, by the construction of such private drains, be exempted
from an assessment lawfully imposed for constructing common sewers
in the same vicinity.
An Ordinance to amend an Ordinance in relation to Common Sewers
and Drains. Passed July, 1875.
Be it ordained by the Aldermen and Common Council of the City of
Boston, in City Council assembled, as follows :
Section 1. The ordinance in relation to common sewers and drains
is hereby amended by striking out, in the twelfth line of the sixth section,
the word "value," and inserting in place thereof the word "area;"
also by striking out, in the thirteenth and fourteenth lines of said sec-
tion, the words " exclusive of any buildings or improvements thereon."
An Act to establish the Office of Collector of Taxes. Passed May 3, 1875.
Sect. 2. Said collector shall have the powers now possessed by the
treasurer of said city as collector of taxes, and shall also collect and re-
ceive all assessments. ... ,
Acts and Resolves -passed by the General Court of Massachusetts, 1878.
(Chapter 232.)
Be it enacted, etc., as follows :
Section 1. Section 4 of chapter 48 of the Statutes of 1869 of the
General Statutes is hereby amended by inserting before the words " to
122 City Document No. 34.
be ascertained " the words " and of the charge, not already assessed, of
making and repairing other main drains or common sewers through
which the same discharges."
Sect. 3. The city council of any city . . . may adopt a system
of sewerage to apply to any part or the whole of the territory of such
city . . . and may provide that the assessment authorized by sec-
tion four shall be made upon the owners of the estates embraced in
such system, by a fixed uniform rate, based upon the estimated average
cost of alLrthe sewers therein, according to the number of feet of area
their said estates contain within a fixed depth from such street or way,
or both, according to such frontage and area, which rate when adopted
shall not be changed.
Approved May 8, 1878.
Section 1 above mentioned makes a radical change in the
method of assessing the cost of sewers, inasmuch as it pre-
scribed that not only the cost of the particular sewer should
be assessed on the abutter, but also a proportionate part of
the cost of all other sewers through which the same dis-
charged.
Acts and Resolves passed by the General Court of Massachusetts, 1879.
(Chapter 55.)
Be it enacted, etc. :
Section 1. Section 3 of chapter 232 of the Acts of "the year 1878 is
hereby amended by adding at the end thereof the following words :
'■'■provided, however, that in respect to any estate fronting upon such
street or way which by reason of its grade or level, or for any other
cause, cannnot be drained into such sewer, the selectmen shall not ascer-
tain, assess, and certify the assessment thereon, or give notice of such
assessment to the owner of such estate, until the incapacity of such
estate to be drained into such sewer has been removed.
Approved February 21, 1879-
Public Statutes. Enacted November 19, 1881, to take effect February 1,
1882.
(Chapter 50.)
Sect. 4. Every person who enters his particular drain into such
main drain or common sewer, or who, by more remote means, received
benefit thereby for draining his cellar or land, shall pay to the city or
town a proportional part of the charge of making and repairing the
same, and of the charge, not already assessed, of making and repairing
other main drains and common sewers through which the same dis-
charges, to be ascertained, assessed, and certified by the mayor and
aldermen or selectmen ; and notice thereof shall be given-to the party
to be charged, or to his tenant or lessee.
Sect. 5. Assessments so made shall for one year after they are laid
constitute a lien on the real estates assessed, and may, together with
incidental costs and expenses, be levied by sale of such real estate, if
the assessment is not paid within three months after a written demand
for payment, made either upon the pei*son assessed or upon any person
occupying the estate; such sale to be conducted in like manner as sales
for the payment of taxes.
Sect. 6. A person aggrieved by such assessment may, at any time
within three months after receiving notice thereof, apply for a jury.
Such amplication shall be made in like manner and the proceedings
Street Department. 123
thereof shall be the same as in case of lands taken for laying out high-
ways ; provided, that before making his application the party shall give
one month's notice in writing to the selectmen or road commissioners,
or mayor and aldermen, of his intention so to apply, and shall therein
particularly specify his objections to the assessment; to which specifi-
cation he shall be confined upon the hearing by the jury.
Sect. 7. The city council of a city or the legal voters of a town may
adopt a system of sewerage for a part or the whole of its territory, and
may provide that assessments under section 4 shall be made upon own-
ers of estates within such territory by a fixed uniform rate, based upon
the estimated average cost of all sewers therein, according to the front-
age of such estates on any street or way where a sewer is constructed,
or according to the area of such estates within a fixed depth from such
street or way, or according to both such frontage or area; but no assess-
ment in respect to any such estate which, by reason of its grade or level,
or for any other cause, cannot be drained into such sewer, shall be
made, certified, or notified until such incapacity is removed.
Sect. It. Nothing herein contained shall prevent a city or town
from providing, b} r ordinance or otherwise, that a part of the expense of
constructing, maintaining, and repairing main drains or common sew-
ers shall be paid by such city or town. And in the city of Boston not
less than one quarter of such expense shall be paid by the city, and
shall not be charged upon those using the main drains or common
sewers.
Sect. 25. In a city or town which has accepted the provisions of
this section or of chapter 249 of the Statutes of 1878, if the owner of
real estate within sixty days after notice of a sewer or sidewalk assess-
ment thereon notifies in writing the board making such assessment to
apportion the same, said board shall apportion it into three equal parts,
and certify such apportionment to the assessors ; and the assessors
shall add one of said parts, with interest from the date of apportion-
ment, to the annual tax of said real estate for each of the three years
next ensuing. All liens for the collection of such assessments shall
continue until the expiration of two years from the time when the
last instalment is committed to the collector; and all sewer and side-
walk assessments remaining unpaid after the time of payment stated
in the order making the same shall draw interest from such time until
paid.
Section 25 passed 1878. Accepted by the city January, 1885.
Chapter 145 of the Acts of 1883.
Section five of chapter fifty of the Public Statutes, relating to sewer
assessments constituting a lien upon real estate, is hereby amended by
adding thereto the following clause, viz. : " And real estate so sold may
be redeemed the same as if sold for the non-payment of taxes, and in
the same manner." April 24, 1883.
Chapter 237 of the Acts of 1884.
Section 1. All assessments on account of betterments and other
public improvements which are a lien upon real estate shall bear inter-
est from the thirtieth day after assessment until paid.
Sect. 2. in case of any suit or other proceeding calling in question
the validity or amount of such assessment, the assessment shall continue
to be a lien for one year after final judgment in such suit or proceed-
ings, and may, witii all costs and interest, be collected by virtue of such
lien in the same manner as provided for the original assessment.
Approved May 15, 1884.
124 City Document No. 34.
Chapter 210 of the Acts of 1886.
Section five of chapter fifty of the Public Statutes is hereby amended
so that assessments for main drains or common sewers hereafter made
shall constitute a lien on the real estates assessed for two years instead
of one year.
Passed May 14, 1886.
Chapter 456 of the Acts of 1889.
An Act to Provide for the Making and Collecting of Sewer
Assessments in the City of Boston.
Section 1. The owner of each estate in the city of Boston bordering
on a street or on a strip of land through which a main drain or common
sewer shall hereafter be constructed in said city, may enter a particular
drain into such main drain or common sewer from that part of said estate
which is situated within one hundred feet from said street or strip of
land ; and shall upon and after such entry pay to the said city an assess-
ment on such estate equal to the number of square feet of land thereof,
within one hundred feet of such street or strip of land multiplied by the
number representing one two-hundredth part of the average cost per
running foot of all the main drains and common sewers of the city of
Boston, built during the five fiscal years preceding the date of the order
to build such main drain or common sewer.
No estate shall be assessed more than once for the construction of a
di'ain or sewer except as hereinafter provided, but such estate may be
assessed in the manner aforesaid for the cost of renewal or repair of a
drain or sewer.
Sect. 2. The amount of every such assessment shall, immediately
upon the completion of the main drain or common sewer, be made and
determined by the superintendent of sewers of said city, and interest
shall be added to the amount assessed at the rate of five per cent, per
annum from the date of completion of the main drain or common
sewer, as certified in writing by said superintendent in a book to be
kept for that purpose in his office ; and notice of the date of such com-
pletion and of the amount of such assessment shall be given by said
superintendent to the person assessed forthwith after the amount of the
assessment has been determined.
Sect. 3. The owner of an estate not bordering on a street or strip of
land through which a main drain or common sewer is constructed, or
of an estate bordering on such street or strip of land extending more
than one hundred feet in depth therefrom, may, after the amount of the
assessment on such estate to be paid therefor has, on the petition of
such owner, been fixed by the board of aldermen of said city, enter from
such first-named estate, or from any part of such last-named estate,
situated more than one hundred feet from the street or strip of land, a
particular drain into the main drain or common sewer, and shall upon
and after such entry pay to the said city the amount of the assessment
fixed as aforesaid ; but such amount shall not exceed the amount he
would have had to pa)' under section one of this act if his estate had
bordered on such street or strip of land and had been only one hundred
feet in depth therefrom.
Sect. 4. Upon the request of an owner of an estate on which an
assessment has been made under this act, made to the board of assessors
of said city within ten days after any entry aforesaid, said board of
assessors shall apportion the same into three equal parts, and shall add
one of said parts with interest as aforesaid to the annual tax of said es-
tate for each of the three years next ensuing.
Sect. 5. Every assessment made under this act shall constitute a
lien upon the estate assessed until it is paid, and may with all incidental
costs and expenses be levied and collected, in the same manner as taxes
Street Department. 125
on real eslate are levied and collected ; and a person aggrieved by any
such assessment may, at any time within ten days after any entry afore-
said, apply for and have an abatement of his assessment in the same
manner and under like rules of law as a person may apply for and have
an abatement of taxes.
Sect. 6. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
Approved June 7, 1889.
In Board of Aldermen, October 7, 1889.
Ordered, That the amount of sewer assessment which any owner of
an estate not bordering on a street or strip of land through winch a main
drain or common sewer is constructed, or of an estate bordering on such
street or strip of land extending more than one hundred feet in depth
therefrom, shall pay, upon entry into said main drain or common sewer,
is hereby fixed and determined at the same amount per square foot
which the estates bordering on said street or strip of land are obliged to
pay, under the provisions of chapter 456 of the Acts and Resolves of the
Legislature of 1889. And the Superintendent of Sewers is hereby
instructed to levy assessments for such amounts on all parties apptying
for permission to enter said main drains or common sewers from estates
coming under the provisions of section 3 of said chapter.
Chapter 346 of the Acts of 1890.
An Act to Amend an Act relating to Sewer Asesssments in the
City of Boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows :
Section 1. Section one of chapter four hundred and fifty-six of the
acts of the year eighteen hundred and eighty-nine is hereby amended by
striking out, in the ninth line, the words, "the number of square feet,"
and inserting in place thereof the words " one cent for each square
foot," and also by striking out all after the word "land" in the tenth
line, and before the words " No estate" in the fifteenth line, and insert-
ing in place thereof the words: "provided, however, that if the total
amount of the assessments for said sewer exceeds the total sum of the
cost of the sewer, plus a proportionate part of the cost of the outlet
thereof, each of said assessments shall be proportionately reduced so
that the total amount thereof shall be equal to said sum," so that said
section shall read as follows :
Section 1. The owner of each estate in the city of Boston border-
ing on a street or strip of land through which a main drain or common
sewer shall hereafter be constructed in said city may enter a particular
drain into such main drain or common sewer from that part of said
estate which is situated within one hundred feet from said street or strip
of land; atid shall upon and after such entry pay to said city an assess-
ment on such estate equal to one cent for each square foot of land there-
of within one hundred feet of such street or strip of land ; provided,
however, that if the total amount of the assessments for said sewer
exceeds the total sum of the cost of the sewer, plus a proportionate part
of the cost of the outlet thereof, each of said assessments shall be pro-
portionately reduced, so that the total amount thereof shall be equal to
said sum. No estate shall be assessed more than once for the con-
struction of a drain or sewer, except as hereinafter provided, but such
estate may be assessed in the manner aforesaid for the cost of renewal
or repair of a drain or sewer.
Sect. 2. Section five of said chapter is hereby amended by striking
out, in the second line, the word " assessed," and inserting in the place
thereof the words, " on which the assessment is made ; " also by striking
out, in the fourth and fifth lines, the words " levied and," and also by
striking out all after the word " collected " in the fifth line, and insert-
126 City Document No. 34.
ing in the place thereof the words : " The city collector of said city shall
have power to collect, and the assessors of taxes of said city shall have
power to abate, such assessments ; and all laws relating to the col-
lection and abatement of taxes in said city shall, so far as applicable,
apply to the collection and abatement of such assessments ; and when
an assessment is made upon a person or corporation by law exempt
from the assessment of taxes, the said assessors shall notify said col-
lector not to enforce the collection of such assessment ; but when an
estate, the collection of the assessment upon which has not been en-
forced under such notice, comes into the possession of another person as
owner, the amount of such assessment shall be paid by such new owner
in like manner, subject to the same provisions of law as if an original
assessment," so that said section as amended shall read as follows :
iSect. 5. Every assessment made under this act shall constitute a
lien upon the estate on which the assessment was made until it is paid,
and may, with all incidental costs and expenses, be collected in the same
manner as taxes on real estate are collected.
The city collector of said city shall have power to collect, and the
assessors of taxes of said city shall have power to abate, such assess-
ments ; and all laws relating to the collection and abatement of taxes in
said city shall, so far as applicable, apply to the collection and abate-
ment of such assessments ; and when an assessment is made upon a per-
son or corporation by law exempt from the assessment of taxes, the said
assessors shall notify said collector not to enforce the collection of such
assessment; but when an estate, the collection of the assessment upon
which has not been enforced under such notice, comes into the posses-
sion of another person as owner, the amount of such assessment shall be
paid by such new owner in like manner, subject to the same provisions
of law as if an original assessment.
Sect. 3. The board of aldermen of said city shall adjust all sewer
assessments made under this act so that the said assessments shall be as
if made under the said act as hereby amended, and said city shall there-
upon refund any excess in the amount of said assessments paid to said
city.
Sect. 4. The repeal or alteration by this act of any provisions of law
shall not affect any act done, liability incurred, or right accrued and
established, or any suit or proceedings to enforce such right or liability,
under the authority of the laws hereby repealed or altered, except as
hereinbefore provided.
Sect. 5. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
Approved May 28, 1890.
An Ordinance to amend Chapter 18 of the Revised Ordinances of 1890,
relating to the Street Department, as approved by the Mayor, March
9, 1891.
Section 5. Said superintendent [of streets] shall keep a book in which
he shall record the date of every order for constructing a sewer, the
name of the contractor or builder constructing it, the date of commenc-
ing and the date of completing the work, and the cost of the sewer; also
a book in which he shall certify the names of the owners of estates
assessed for the constructing of the sewer, the number of feet of land
of each estate bordering on the street or strip of land 'in which the sewer
was laid, the depth of each estate, the amount of each assessment, the
date of completion of the sewer, and the dates when the notices of as-
sessment were given.
He shall make and deliver to the city collector all bills for assess-
ments as they become due.
Sect. 10. . . . but before issuing a permit for entering a particular
drain into a public sewer, from land upon which a sewer assessment has
not been paid, he [superintendent of streets] shall be paid for the city
Steeet Department. 127
an assessment of one cent per square foot, for all land in the estate from
which the entiy is made, within one hundred feet of the street or strip
of land in which the sewer or particular drain is laid, except as other-
wise provided in section 1 of chapter 346 of the Acts of 1890.
Chapter 402 of the Acts of 1892.
An Act relating to Sewers in the City of Boston.
Be it enacted, etc., as follows :
Section 1. The mayor and aldermen of the city of Boston may
order that the superintendent of streets of said city make a sewer or
sewers in any highway or strip of land and any other places in said city,
specifying in the order the locutions, sizes, and materials for the sewer
or sewers, and the said superintendent shall carry out said order.
Sect. 2. Any expenses incurred for any work so ordered and per-
formed shall be paid out of the moneys appropriated under the pro-
visions of section one of chapter three hundred and twenty-three of the
acts of the year eighteen hundred and ninety-one, and shall, to an
amount not exceeding four dollars for each lineal foot of sewer, be re-
paid to said city as the assessable cost of the work, by the owners of the
several parcels of land bordering on the highway or strip of land in
which the sewer is made.
Sect. 3. Said superintendent shall so apportion the assessable cost to
the parcels of land aforesaid that the amount apportioned to each parcel
shall bear to the total assessable cost the proportion which the number
of lineal feet of each parcel on said highway or strip of land bears to
the number of such lineal feet of all such pai'cels, and a lien shall attach
to the parcel and to any buildings which may be thereon lor such
amount, as a part of the tax of said parcel. Said superintendent shall
give notice of the amount of every such assessment and the interest
thereon to the owner of the parcel liable therefor, forthwith after such
amount has been determined.
Sect. 4. When an assessment is made for a parcel of land for
which the owner is by law exempt from being taxed, as determined and
certified to by the assessors of said city on application to them therefor,
the collector of taxes of said city shall suspend the collection of such
assessment ; but after the day on which the pai*cel ceases to be owned
by a person or corporation so exempt, the amount of such assessment,
less any payment made for an entry under the following section, shall
be collected as if that day were the date of the passage of the aforesaid
order for making the sewer.
Sect. 5. The owner of any parcel of land on which an assessment
has been made for said cost, and the collection of which has not been
suspended, under the provisions of the preceding section, may enter
from any part thereof, within one hundred and twenty-five feet of said
highway or strip of land, a particular drain into such sewer, and the
owner of any parcel of land, the collection of the assessment upon
wilich has been so suspended, or of any other parcel of land, may,
after the amount to be paid for an entry has been fixed by the mayor
and aldermen of said city, enter a particular drain from such parcel
into said sewer, and there shall be clue and payable to said city, upon
any such entry, the amount of the assessment apportioned or fixed as
hereinbefore provided.
Sect. 6. The provisions of sections sixteen, seventeen, and eighteen
of chapter three hundred and twenty-three of the acts of the year
eighteen hundred and ninety-one, and acts in amendment thereof, so far
as applicable, apply to all assessments made under this act.
Sect. 7. Chapter four hundred and fifty-six of the acts of the year
eighteen hundred and eighty-nine, and chapter three hundred and forty -
six of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and ninety, are hereby
128 City Document No. 34.
repealed, and sewers in said city shall hereafter be made and paid for only
in accordance with the provisions of this act or the provisions of chapter
three hundred and twenty-three of the acts of the year eighteen hundred
and ninety-one and acts in amendment thereof.
Sect. 8. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
Approved June 16, 1892.
Chapter 418 oj the Acts of the Year 1892.
Section 16 of chapter 323 of the acts of the year 1891 amended.
If the amount of the aforesaid assessable cost for which any parcel of
land is liable, determined as provided in section fifteen, is not paid
before the expiration of one year from the date of said determination,
or if such amount as found by the court, on an appeal or other suit or
proceeding, is not paid before the last day of May next succeeding the
finding of the court, in each case with interest from the date of the
passage of the aforesaid order of said street commissioners, at the rate
of four and one-half percent, per annum, the board of assessors of said
city shall include a sum equal to nine per cent, of such amount in the
next succeeding annual tax bills issued for the tax on the said parcel, and
in the tax bills issued the first year shall also include interest on the
whole of said amount at the rate of four and one- half per cent, per
annum from the date of the afoi'esaid order to the last day of October of
the year of the date of such tax bill, and in the tax bills for each suc-
ceeding year shall include one year's interest on the whole of said
amount at the aforesaid rate, and shall so include such sums and
interest until ten such sums with interest have been paid ; said board
shall issue tax bills for such sums for any parcels for which no tax bill
would otherwise be issued. Every such sum in a tax bill shall be
abated, collected, and paid into the city treasury, as if a part of and in
the same manner as the city taxes.
Section 17 of chapter 323 of the acts of the year 1891 amended.
The owner of any parcel of land aforesaid may at any time pay to
said city the balance of the amount of the said assessable cost for which
his parcel is liable, remaining due after deducting therefrom the several
sums, exclusive of interest, included in tax bills as provided in section
sixteen, with interest on the whole amount assessed at the rate of four and
one-half per centum per annum from the last day of October pi'eceding.
to the date of payment, and his parcel shall then be relieved from
further lien and liability for said cost, or he may at any time pay a part
of said balance, and the board of street commissioners may then, at
their discretion, with the approval of the mayor, relieve a proportional
part of said parcel from further liability and lien for said cost.
Approved June 16, 1892.
(N.B. — The Board of Aldermen have taken no action in regard to
fixing the amount to be paid for entry into sewer by the owner of a
parcel of land, the collection of the assessment upon which has been
suspended) .
Sewer Assessments. (Discussion.)
The question of assessing the cost of a sewer upon the
people benefited by its construction is a perplexing one.
The foregoing; r6sum& of laws and statutes relative to sewers
shows how the method of assessment has been repeatedly
changed.
The earliest law (1709) provided that the inhabitants of
Street Department. 129
the town build their own sewers and pay for them, and no
reference in this law is therefore made to assessments.
The law of 1823, which tirst provided that the city should
build the sewers, was very indefinite concerning the method
of assessment ; and as future laws referred to the manner in
which the expense of all sewers built and not previously
assessed was to be collected, it is fair to suppose that trouble
was experienced in interpreting the law of 1823 in regard
to assessments.
The law of 1834 introduced a clause referring to the valu-
ation of the estate benefited by the sewer, which was to
have some bearing on the amount of the assessment levied.
As the law did not specify exactly in what manner the valu-
ation of the estate bears on the amount of the sewer assess-
ment, it must have been impossible to determine the amount
of sewer assessments.
The law of 1841 provided that the city should assume one
quarter of the cost of construction of the main sewers.
This clause was probably introduced on account of the
increased cost of main sewers. The assessing of the whole
expense of large main sewers on the abutters probably
proved burdensome, and this method was adopted to even
up the difference in cost of main and branch sewers.
The amendment of the ordinance of 1875 in regard to
sewer assessments provides that the benefit from sewers
should be proportionate to the area instead of to the value of
abutting property.
The report of the Superintendent of Sewers of that year
mentions that " the change has diminished the amount of ar-
bitrary judgment demanded in fixing values and reduced the
labor of equably apportioning the cost of sewers."
The next radical change is found in the law of 1878, in which
it is provided that a person who enters his drain into a com-
mon sewer shall not only pay a proportional part of the cost
of the common sewer, but also a proportional part of the
cost of all other common and main sewers through which the
particular sewer discharges.
While this law had the advantage that after the cost of all
sewers in a given drainage district had been determined, it
would be possible to assess the cost on the abutters in such
a manner that all assessments were in proportion to the bene-
fit gained, and while it solved the vexed question of whether
a drain was a main drain and the city should therefore pay
one-quarter of the expense, or whether it was a common drain
and the abutter should therefore pay the whole cost, it had
the great disadvantage that it became impossible to levy
sewer assessments until every sewer in the drainage area had
130 City Document No. 34.
been completed, as the cost of mains through which a branch
sewer discharged was* in some cases an unknown quantity.
The following extract from the report of the Superinten-
dent of Sewers for the year 1887 is given as bearing on this
subject, and as bearing on the general question of sewer
assessment laws in force at that time :
The question of how to equitably assess a proportion of the cost of
sewers upon those deriving benefit therefrom is a vexing one.
The ordinary interpretation of the statutes and the city ordinances
bearing upon the question allows such a large margin for the exercise
of judgment, that there is always a chance for objections being raised
and dissatislaction expressed at every schedule of assessment.
The present method (1887) of laying assessments is based upon
the custom of the department for the last fifteen years, and though
having, perhaps, some points in its favor, is certainly open to objections.
A party draining into a sewer receives the same benefit per square
foot of land drained, or any other unit, whether entering a 10-inch,
12-inch, or 15-inch pipe sewer, or a 4-foot sewer, whether the sewer is
laid in easy digging or in a rock cut; and as, according to the present
method (1887) of making up assessments, the cost of the particular
sewer in front of the premises to be drained (except in the case of
main sewers) is the basis on which the assessment is calculated, one
sewer may call for an assessment $0,005 per square foot, and another,
where rock cutting or other obstacle is encountered, may call for as
high as $0.(1-1 or $0.05 per square foot for exactly the same benefit ; i.e.,
the right of entering the sewer for the purpose of drainage. Thei'e
being this difference in the charges, parties desiring sewers generally
assume the smallest cost when petitioning for sewers, and are dissatis-
fied if the bills, when rendered, amount to more.
I am satisfied that the uniform rate per square foot of land benefited,
or a uniform cost per linear foot of sewer, can be established, based
upon the average cost of sewers already built, which will yield an
equal amount of revenue to the city, and be more equitable and satis-
factory to those assessed.
This fixed charge being known in advance, parties wanting sewers
may determine to a certainty what they will have to pay, and therefore
be able to decide intelligently on the advisability of petitioning the
Board of Aldermen. It is difficult to see why an individual, in order
to drain his house lot, should be called upon to pay a high rate because
rock or other obstacle was encountered during the construction of a
sewer in his immediate vicinity, or because the conditions were such as
to render an 18-inch pipe necessary, when in other places a 10-inch
pipe might answer.
As the question of assessments is an important one, and involves a
deal of s udy to find out, through the successive changes in statutes and
ordinances, why the present system was adopted, I would recommend
that a special committee, or the Committee on Sewers of the Board of
Alderman, together wtith the Corporation Counsel and the Superinten-
dent of Sewers, take the matter under considei'ation, with a view to
seeing if the present system could not be improved upon.
In accordance with the recommendation of the Superin-
tendent of Sewers, the passage of Chapter 450 of the Acts
of 1889 was obtained, providing for an assessment on land
within 100 feet of the street in which the sewer was sit-
uated, amounting to the sum obtained by multiplying the
Street Department. 131
number of square feet of land within 100 feet of the street
by the number representing one two-hundredth part of the
average cost per running foot of all the main and common
sewers of the city of Boston built during the five fiscal years
preceding.
Assuming that land extended back 100 feet from the
street, and that the average cost of all sewers was $4.00 per
linear foot, this method gave an assessment of two cents per
square foot.
This act, which returned a fair percentage of the cost of
sewers to the city treasury, was amended by Chapter 346 of
the Act of 1890, by making the sewer assessment one cent
per square foot of land instead of two cents, and further pro-
vided that if the cost of the sewer was less than the amount
returned to the city by an assessment of one cent per square
foot, then the assessment should be reduced proportionately.
All sewer assessments made under the Act of 1889 were
adjusted according to the Act of 1890, and the money col-
lected was refunded.
In order to show the effect of the law of 1878 and the
law of 1889, as amended in Chapter 346 of the Acts of 1890,
on the finances of the city, the following tables are inserted.
As shown by the tables the practical effect of the law of
1878 is to return to the city treasury only 38 per cent, of the
amount expended for sewer construction, and the effect of
the law of 1889, as amended in 1890, is to return only 21 per
cent, of the amount expended.
132
City Document No. 34.
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133
An analysis of this table shows that of the sum of $3,760,-
158.87, the sum of $1,827,151.69 was expended for actual
sewer construction; of the balance, or $1,933,007.18, the
sum of $608,422.40 was expended for Stony Brook construc-
tion, and the sum of $1,324,584.78 was expended for the
maintenance of the Sewer Division, including the mainten-
ance of the Main Drainage Works.
Of the amount expended for sewer construction, the sum
of $687,897.67 has been levied against abutting estates in the
form of assessments ; this amount being about 38 per cent,
of the actual cost of the sewers constructed.
The amount of assessments levied, in comparison with the
amount expended for sewer construction, has varied largely
from year to year, both on account of former looseness in
making up sewer assessments, and also owing to the changes
which have been made in the laws. An inspection of this
table shows that in 1884 the sum of $240,027.27 was ex-
pended for sewer construction, and only the sum of
$14,334.81 was levied in assessments. On the other hand,
in 1888 the sum of $129,268.49 was expended 'for sewer
construction, and the sum of $151,017.48 was levied in
assessments. This is accounted for by the fact that the
department that year made up a large number of back assess-
ments which had been allowed to accumulate.
Operation of the Law or 1889 as amended in 1890.
In order to determine the exact amount which the city
received in assessments for sewers constructed under the law
of 1889, as amended in 1890, the following table has been
prepared showing the cost and amount assessed of every
sewer built under this law. The table shows that the cost of
building 151 sewers amounted to $637,785.38, of which
amount the city assessed the sum of $132,594.78 on the
abutters, or about twenty-one per cent.
Table Xo. II. — Sewer Assessments under Law of 1889 as
amended in 1890.
Sewers built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 1S89, as amended by Chap.
346 of the Acts of 1890.
Cost.
Assess.
ment.
Assumed
by City.
Rate per
foot sewer.
Adams, Beaumont, and Burgoyue streets,
Ward 24
$5,899 32
21,095 01
343 26
$1,410 83
4,078 54
355 00
$4,488 49
17,010 47
$5 72
8 07
1 06
Adams and Codman sta., Ward 24 . . .
Allian street, Ashmont to end of sewer,
Ward 24
$27,337 69
$5,844 37
$21,004 96
134
City Document No. 34.
Table No. II. — Continued.
Sewers built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 1889, as amended by Chap.
346 of the Acts of 1890.
Brought forward
Allston street, Medford to Bunker Hill,
Ward 4
Arlington street, Ward 25
Ashford st., Chester to Malvern, Ward 25,
Ashmont street, Ward 24
Ashmont street, private land, Washing-
ton street, and part of Armandine
street, Ward 24
Back street, Austin street, and private
land, Wards 23, 24
Bailey street, Ward 24 . .
Bainbridge street, Ward 21
Baldwin street, Ward 4 . .
Bay street, private land, Springdale
street, etc., Savin Hill ave., and Gram-
pian, way, Ward 24
Bay State road, Ward 22
Beacon street, Mountfort street to R.R.,
Ward 22
Bellevue and Kane streets, Ward 24 . . .
Blue Hill avenue, Dewey to Dalmatia,
Ward 20
Blue Hill ave., Southwood to Damascus,
Ward 20
Border, Eutaw to White St., Ward 1 . .
Border, White to Condor, Ward 1 . . .
Bowdoin street, Ward 24
Bremen St., Porter to Brooks, Ward 1 . .
Brent street, Ward 24
BuukerHill st.,Ferrin to Green, Ward 2,
Bunker Hill st., Green toConcord,Ward 2,
Burnett street, Ward 23
Byron street, Cowper to Coleridge, and
Coleridge st., Byron to Rice, Ward 1 .
C street, Fifth to Sixth, Ward 13 ... .
Call street, Ward 23
Calumet and Sachem sts., Ward 22 . . .
Cambridge street, North Beacon to Web-
ster avenue, Ward 25
Cambridge street, from Saunders street,
westerly, Ward 25
$27,337 59
880 10
4,203 50
448 35
1,240 32
14,887 11
11,816 34
5,059 78
1,321 78
672 99
&23,929 45
1,502 01
454 82
3.520 50
501 27
640 21
1,563 09
1,080 22
1,299 97
12,004 42
924 35
3,315 71
429 70
569 16
1,499 77
821 93
1,033 37
17,196 42
1,292 78
1.521 96
Assess-
ment.
$5,844 37
352 30
1,490 91
486 33
1,176 99
2,552 98
2,848 93
192 49
7 35
7,695 06
1,052 16
814 70
303 11
600 35
1,153 73
1,004 22
1,288 00
1,255 98
821 54
520 94
«647 26
1,208 00
136 75
487 86
2,466 61
684 40
1,014 33
Assumed
by City.
$21,504 96
527 80
2,712 59
12,334 13
11,816 34
2,210 85
1,129 29
665 64
16,234 39
449 85
454 82
2,705 80
409 36
76 00
11 97
10,748 44
102 81
2,794 77
429 70
291 77
685 18
545 51
14,729 81
608 38
507 63
Rate per
foot sewer.
Curried forward $142,968 97 $38,107 65 $104,989 14
Street Department.
Table No. II. — Continued.
135
Sewers built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 18S9, as amended by Chap.
346 of the Acts of 1890.
Brought forward . . .
Carruth St., Minot to Codman, Ward 24 .
Cedar place, Ward 20
Centre st., Highland to Marcella, Ward 21,
Centre street, Pond to Lakeville pi.,
Ward 23
Chelsea St., Vine to Perry, Ward 3
Childs street, Ward 23
Cleveland place, Ward 6
Cohasset street, Corinth street to Stony
Brook, Ward 23
Colton st., First to Second, Ward 13 . .
Columbia street, New Seaver to Oakland,
Ward 24
Common and Adams streets, Ward 5 . .
Commonwealth avenue, Charlesgate W.
to Brookline avenue, Ward 22 ....
Commonwealth ave., Brookline ave. to
Essex street, Ward 22
Condor st., Meridian to Border, Ward 1,
Condor St., Brooks to Putnam, Ward 1 .
Crawford street, south-east from Hol-
land, Ward 21
Crawford and Holland ets., Ward 21 . .
Creighton street, Ward 22
Dalmatia and Cherry sts., Ward 20 . . .
Day st., Minden to Mansur, Ward 22 . .
Decatur St., Meridian to Border, Ward 2,
Dewey street, Dacia to Blue Hill avenue,
Ward 20
Dorchester avenue, Crescent avenue,
northerly, Ward 24
Dunreath street, Warren, 200 feet east,
Ward 21
Dunstable street, Ward 5 ,
Dustin street, Ward 25 . ,
Edson street, Ward 24 . ,
Essex street, Ward 4 . .
Essex and Federal streets and Mount
Washington avenue, Ward 12 . . . .
Everett street, Ward 25
Carried forward
Cost.
$142,968 97
875 61
1,181 84
379 84
4,910 96
1,380 64
246 46
320 88
1,349 25
370 01
311 84
1,247 22
12,816 11
37,677 00
324 07
625 52
5,218 94
7,865 41
1,194 28
753 79
1,249 60
7,928 69
547 01
1,506 37
1,320 72
232 27
6,153 33
1,710 86
782 33
57,061 22
1,451 32
38,107 65
563 52
202 56
163 63
850 00
258 92
52 25
73 09
1,152 46
1,066 80
5,916 44
324 07
625 52
1,802 43
879 49
1,146 28
120 80
257 37
542 21
308 36
914 63
118 33
139 30
2,360 48
1,419 33
322 99
492 87
Assumed
by City.
$104,989 14
312 09
979 28
216 21
4,060 96
1,121 72
194 21
247 79
196 79
370 01
311 84
956 50
11,749 31
31,760 56
3,416 51
6,9S5 92
48 00
632 99
992 23
7.3S6 48
238 65
591 74
1,202 39
92 97
3,792 85
291 53
459 .34
57,061 22
958 45
$301,962 36 $60,472 50 S241/.17
Rate per
foot
$2 18
4 55
2 45
■9 43
2 42
1 34
5 09
2 15
1 88
2 08
3 SO
11 28
5 87
1 19
92
4 60
1 30
1 72
2 38
5 85
S 34
2 13
2 17
4 62
2 29
4 30
1 50
1 90
24 44
4 68
136
City Document No. 34.
Table No. II. — Continued.
Sewers built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 1S89, as amended by Chap.
348 of the Acts of 1890.
Brought forward
Exeter street, Providence to Huntington
avenue, Ward 11
Falcon St., Brooks to Putnam, Ward 1
Faneuil street, Ward 25
Florence street, Ward 23
Franklin street, east from Raymond,
Ward 25
Gladstone street, Ward 1 .
Leyden street, Ward 1 . .
Walley street, Ward 1 . .
Bennington street, Ward 1
Gustin street, Ward 15
Hill street, Ward 4 . .
Cost.
Hillside street, Parker Hill avenue to
Sunset, Ward 22
Homer st., Byron to Moore, Ward 1,
and Byron, Homer to Horace
Horace st., Moore to Byron, Ward 1 . .
Howard avenue, Ward 20
Hudson st., Curve to Beech st., Ward 12,
Humboldt avenue, Walnut avenue to
Munroe, Ward 21
Humboldt avenue, Homestead to Seaver,
Ward 21
Irvington street, Ward 11
Jeffries St., from No. 11 to Everett st.,
Ward 2
Kent street, Ward 19
Kilby street, Ward 6
Kilton and Harvard streets, Ward 24 . .
Lamartine street and private land,
Ward 23
Lawrence avenue, Ward 24
Liberty and Preble streets, Ward 15
Lincoln street, Ward 25
Lynde street and outlet, Ward 5 . .
Magazine street, Ward 20
Magnolia street, Wayland to Robert
avenue, Ward 20
Magnolia and Lawrence ave., Ward 24 .
Market street, Ward 25
$301,962 36
705 82
1,748 82
81 84
1,178 95
359 10
40,447 29
574 78
886 05
700 38
1,845 65
894 59
1,124 82
24,098 07
2,546 26
1,964 58
623 78
266 68
2,558 97
1,070 51
13,246 74
1,166 06
241 47
1,924 93
238 18
740 01
4,993 48
943 19
7,896 15
1,440 03
Carried forward $418,469 54
$60,472 50
34 20
936 24
82 34
864 54
249 00
8,525 00
381 82
85 33
458 41
1,000 00
898 36
121 88
1,209 74
1,012 16
623 78
135 00
370 83
188 01
3,374 95
Assumed
by City.
$241,617 68
671 62
812 5S
123 50
248.54
238 18
1,634 43
175 33
1,724 92
343 86
$86,259 28
314 41
110 10
31,922 29
192 96
800 72
241 97
845 65
1,002 94
.22,888 33
1,799 83
952 42
131 68
2,188 14
882 50
9,871 79
1,166 06
117 97
1,676 39
740 01
3,359 05
767 86
6,171 23
1,096 17
Rate per
foot
$332,342 35
Street Department.
Table No. II. — Continued.
137
Sewers 'built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 1889, as amended by Chap.
346 of the Acts of 1890.
Cost.
Assess-
ment.
Assumed
by City.
Rate per
foot
sewer.
$418,469 54
978 72
$86,259 28
560 21
$332,342 35
Maverick street, Maverick square to
418 51
$1 82
Maverick St., Short to Jeffries, Ward 2 .
616 55
578 37
38 18
1 96
1,623 22
6,595 61
647 17
991 40
976 05
5,604 21
3 11
Meridian St., Decatur to Saratoga, Wd. 2,
5 84
Monks St., Sixth to Seventh, Ward 14 . .
336 38
336 38
1 64
Morris St., Brooks to Putnam, Ward 1 .
674 13
484 50
189 63
1 26
Mozart street, Lamartine to Chestnut
352 52
259 65
129 30
55 00
223 22
204 65
1 41
Mozart St., Centre St., 100 ft. south, Wd. 23,
1 71
Mt. Vernon street, Dorchester avenue to
264 85
192 00
72 85
1 51
Mt. Vernon St., Boston to end of sewer,
Ward 24
1,099 72
298 76
932 00
101 83
167 72
196 93
2 24
Myrtle St., Ash pi. to end of sewer, Wd. 9,
2 06
N St., Second to Third, Ward 14 ... .
349 36
330 00
19 36
1 67
Neponset ave., Adams to Mill, Ward 24,
817 20
708 93
108 27
1 36
New St., Maverick to Cross, Ward 2 . .
321 35
321 35
1 59
North Harvard and Rena sts., Ward 25 .
5,174 16
2,301 05
2,873 11
3 77
street, First to Second, Ward 14 . . .
461 21
185 00
276 21
1 85
Ocean St., Ashmont to Roslin, Ward 24 .
712 69
619 70
92 99
1 48
Orleans street, Maverick to Sumner, ~|
Ward 2 !
Sumner street, and Orleans to Cottage f
15,467 71
1,088 66
1,666 97
650 84
13,800 74
437 82
12 79
Parker Hill avenue, Tremont to Hillside,
Ward 22
3 14
Parker Hill avenue, Hillside street, south,
Ward 22
1,177 34
602 21
899 56
88 48
277 78
513 73
2 32
Paulding St., Bainbridge to Dale, Wd. 21,
2 67
2,861 47
1,457 51
1,403 96
3 69
414 67
61 49
353 18
2 30
Pope's Hill st. and Neponset ave., Wd.24,
2,502 78
1,640 90
861 88
2 66
Porter St., Bremen to Bennington, Wd. 1,
13,859 05
1,051 79
12,807 20
10 53
Private st., Leyden to Walley, Ward 1 .
429 33
77 48
351 85
1 55
Putnam St., Bremen to Chelsea, Ward 1 .
322 41
160 00
162 41
1 85
Raleigh and Beacon streets, Ward 22 . .
12,107 41
59] 64
11,575 77
13 47
64,549 99
1,111 14
3,438 85
5 24
676 65
450 14
226 51
1 66
Reading street, Maiden lane to Farnham,
Ward 20
347 90
286 34
61 56
2 04
?495,873 20
$105,591 37
$390,413 92
138
City Document No. 34.
Table No. II. — Concluded.
Sewers built under Chap. 456 of the
Acts of 1889, as amended by Chap.
346 of the Acts of 1890.
Brought forward . ,
Rockland street, Ward 25
Roslindale main sewer, Washington to
Beech, Ward 23
Russell street, Ward 4
Sackville street, Ward 4
Scotia St., Bothnia to end of sewer, Wd. 11,
St. Botolph street, Garrison to Harcourt,
Ward 11
Sterling street. Shawrnut ave. to Wash-
ington, Ward 19 ....
Stoughton street, Ward 18
Summer street, "Ward 3
Synimes street, Ward 23 .
Townsend street, Ward 21
Townseud St., fromHarold st. east,Wd. 21
Texas street, Ward 19
Third street, I to K, Ward 14
Tremont street, Ward 3
Tyler street, Oak to Harvard, Ward 12, )
Oak street, Harrison avenue to Hud- >
son, Ward 12 . . . )
Union street, Ward 25
Vine street, Ward 3
Walden St., Arklow to Centre, Ward 22 .
Walk Hill street, Ward 23
Walnut ave. and Cobden st., Ward 21 . .
Walnut avenue, Harrishof to nolworthy,
Ward 21
Washington street, Forest Hills to Corn-
wall, Ward 23
Waverley street, Ward 25
Welles avenue, Washington to Harley,
Ward 24
Wenbam street, Ward 23
WestChester Park, Beacon to Marlboro',
Ward 22
West Park and Whitfield sts., Ward 24 .
Westville St., private land, and Charles
St., Ward 24
Cost.
£495,873 20
633 12
61,779 74
554 20
1,597 50
243 04
1,538 07
1,279 81
1,896 06
212 33
1,426 86
3,043 42
485 15
1,020 94
430 69
314 28
12,055 79
2,610 13
5,805 59
673 53
1,428 29
18,594 60
1,035 56
1,031 10
3,067 64
753 38
2,268 66
307 81
2,241 70
613,583 19
Assess-
ment.
$105,591 37
240 41
8,024 20
188 83
542 31
1,121 31
20 80
1,147 50
396 15
28 92
29S 70
83 52
815 97
1,897 86
190 90
571 14
811 98
709 75
270 00
544 17
2,358 86
591 51
802 98
1,557 68
2,610 96
$637,785 38 $132,594 78 $505,322 69
Assumed
by City.
$390,413 92
392 71
53,755 54
365 37
1,055 19
243 04
858 13
782 75
774 75
191 53
279 36
2,647 27
485 15
992 02
131 99
230 76
11,239 82
712 27
5,614 69
102 39
616 31
17,884 85
765 56
486 93
708 78
161 87
1,465 68
307 81
684 02
10,972 23
Rate per
foot
$3 54
9 82
2 98
2 67
64
2 93
2 09
3 65
3 27
1 72
4 63
5 16
5 12
1 94
3 53
13 93
2 25
12 97
2 09
2 75
29 36
4 16
2 75
2 28
1 64
3 62
1 92
2 20
a Including proportionate cost of main sewer.
b Storm sewer included.
Street Department.
139
Per cent, of cost assessed, 20.8 per cent.
Per cent, of cost collected, 13.8 per cent.
Collected to February 1, 1894, $88,225.14.
Average cost per foot of sewer, $5.79.
Per cent, of assessments collected, 66.5 per cent.
The assessments are one cent per square foot of land
within one hundred feet of street line ; for the purpose of
comparison with the 1892 law, the average assessment per
front foot is calculated to be eighty-four cents.
The foregoing table shows that even less money is returned
to the city treasury under the law of 1890 than under the
law of 1878, as the percentage assessed falls off from over
thirty-eight per cent, to twenty-one per cent.
In order that a greater proportion of the expense might
be assessed on the abutters the law of 1892 was passed.
(See Chapter 402 of the Acts of 1892.)
Calculations made to date show that the city will recover
in assessments about sixty-five percent, of the cost of sewers
instead of the thirty-three percent, recovered under the 1878
law, and the twenty- one per cent, under the 1890 law.
The following table, from which these conclusions are de-
rived, is published as a matter of reference :
Table No. III.
Sewer Assessments under the Law of
1S92.
Assessment of sewers (built
under Chap. 402 of the Acts
of 1892; from June 16, 1892, to
February 1, 1894.
Cost.
Rate per
foot of
sewer.
Assumed
by City.
Assess-
ment.
Bate per
frout
foot.
Albano street, Ward 23 ....
Alexander street, Ward 20 . . .
Alford street, Ward 4 .... 1
Maiden bridge to West . . . . \
Alford street, Ward 4 . . . . )
Ashmont street and private
Bainbridge street, Ward 3 . . .
Barrington street, Ward 24 . . .
Bartletl street, Ward 3
Benedict street, Ward 5 ....
Bowdoin avenue, Ward 24 . . .
$664 02
1,087 45
3,367 01
651 90
423 51
733 06
4,051 95
315 48
942 01
455 15
559 77
463 25
$1 73
3 10
3 34
4 00
3 29
1 86
3 42
2 11
1 31
2 11
1 69
2 24
$98 68
$664 02
1,087 45
3,367 01
651 90
324 83
733 06
4,051 95
315 48
942 01
455 15
559 77
463 25
$1 04
1 77
1 72
1 72
1 5S
1 06
1 81
1 09
70
1 18
87
1 47
$13,714 56
$98 08
$13,615 88
140
City Document No. 34.
Table No. III. — Continued.
Assessment of sewers (built
under Chap. 402 of the Acts
of 1892) from June 16, 1892, to
February 1, 1894.
Cost.
Kate per
foot of
sewer.
Assumed
by City.
Assess-
ment.
Rate per
front
foot.
$13,714 56
$98 68
$13,615 88
Boynton street, Ward 23 ... .
924 33
' $1 00
924 33
$0 52
732 39
1 26
732 39
1 46
Brown avenue, Ward 23 ... .
1,585 51
1 94
1,585 51
1 03
Byron street, Ward 1 (Horace
333 83
1 67
333 83
83
Byron street, Ward 1 (Benning-
396 84
1 98
396 84
99
Centre street, Ward 21 (Gardner
1,417 04
3 93
1,417 04
2 01
Centre street, Wards 22-23 ( Wy-
1,359 69
3 48
1,359 69
1 87
Centre street, Ward 23 (near
207 34
2 76
207 .34
1 75
752 14
2 58
752 14
1 41
Clive street, sewer extended . .
349 84
1 57
349 84
86
Codman street and Dorchester
1,346 00
1 91
1,346 00
1 16
Corwin and Westville streets,
Ward 24
780 51
1,007 97
1 99
3 52
780 51
1,007 97
1 10
1 74
572 19
1 58
572 19
85
458 49
2 19
458 49
1 16
Ellwood street, Ward 5 ....
515 19
2 42
515 19
1 29
Faulkner street and private land,
Ward 24
1,916 09
1,748 33
2 27
3 99
1,916 09
1,748 33
1 16
Forest Hills street, Ward 23 . .
2 17
Freeman street, Ward 24 ... .
421 97
2 55
421 97
1 74
Fulda street, Ward 21
327 64
2 98
327 64
1 81
Harbor View street, Ward 24,
from Newport street, East . •
235 46
1 60
235 46
91
Harbor View street, Ward 24,
from Sidney street, West
289 85
1 24
289 85
77
Harvard street, Ward 5 ....
689 42
2 06
689 42
1 16
Harvard street, Ward 24, Algon-
quin to Harvard avenue . . .
999 74
1 77
999 74
1 09
Harvard street, Ward 24, Kilton
1,385 10
2 51
1,385 10
1 42
Harvard avenue, Ward 25 . . .
1,584 98
2 59
1,584 98
1 36
Hecla street, street, Ward 24 . .
1,378 31
1 54
1,378 31
1 02
Henshaw street.Ward 25, Market
1,285 76
2 07
1,285 76
1 25
$38,716 51
$98 68
$38,617 83
Street Department.
Table No. III. — Continued.
141
Assessment of sewers (built
under Chap. 402 of the Acts
of 1892) from June 16, 1892,
to February 1, 1894.
Brought forward
Henshaw street, Ward 25, Menlo
to Washington
Hillside, Sunset and Eldora
streets
Hillside street, sewer extended,
Ward 22
Hillside street, Ward 22, Harles-
ton to Calumet
Houghton street, Ward 24
Mill street, Ward 24 . . .
Johnston street, Ward 23
Joiner street, Ward 5 . .
Kelley court, Ward 25 . .
Lawn street, Ward 22 . .
Lawn street, sewer extended.
Ward 22
Longwood avenue, Ward 22,
Huntington avenue to Bum-
stead lane
Longwood ave., Ward 22, Hunt-
ington ave. to Worlhington .
Maxwell street, Ward 24 ... .
Mead street, Ward 4
Monument street, Ward 3 . . .
Mountfort street. Ward 22 . . .
N. Harvard street, Ward 25 . .
N. Hudson street, Ward 6 . . .
Passage, rear St. Botolph st. . ,
Peter Parley street, Ward 23 . ,
Poplar street, Ward 23 ... .
Private land between Rockwell
street and land of Kawn,
Ward 24
Revere street, Ward 9
Rockland street. Ward 25,
Washington to Peaceable . .
Rockland street, Ward 25, from
Peaceable street, south . . .
Saratoga, Ford, Breed, and Ley-
den streets, Ward 1
School street, Ward 3
Cost.
Rate per
foot of
sewer.
Assumed
by City.
Assess-
ment.
Rate per
front
foot.
$38,716 51
$98 68
$38,617 83
387 32
$1 13
387 32
$0 68
1,083 75
2 12
1,083 75
1 24
173 99
1 72
173 99
1 51
611 25
1 78
611 25
92
2,692 00
1 92
2,692 00
1 01
239 90
2 12
239 90
1,188 11
1 99
1,188 11
1 00
750 94
1 77
750 94
99
658 34
2 25
658 34
1 25
862 49
1 81
862 49
99
304 46
2 03
304 46
1 33
795 83
3 33
2 06
795 83
402 39
402 39
1 33
543 50
2 36
543 50
1 31
1,130 22
2 37
1,130 22
1 29
641 19
1 61
641 19
85
1,259 52
3 15
1,259 52
1 80
1,087 30
3 14
1,087 30
1 71
304 14
1 69
304 14
91
233 89
94
233 89
49
2,606 22
2 23
2,606 22
1 18
4,891 96
3 25
4,891 96
1 84
622 46
3 83
622 46
2 25
337 85
2 54
337 85
1 90
575 56
1 70
575 56
98
167 98
1 39
167 98
75
6,076 75
3 97
6,076 75
2 50
435 01
2 17
435 01
1 09
$09,780 83
$1,134 41
$68,646 42
142
City Document No. 34.
Table No. III. — Continued.
Assessment of sewers (built
under Chap. 402 of the Acts
of 1892) from June 16, 1892,
to February 1, 1894.
Brought forward
School-house court, Ward 4 . .
Sedgwick street and private
land, Ward 23
Shannon street, Ward 25
Shannon st., outlet to Shepard
street
Shirley street, Ward 20 . . . .
Smith street, Ward 22, between
Bumstead lane and Whitney .
Smith street, Ward 22, between
Whitney and Worthington .
So. Margin street, Ward 7 . . .
Sprague street, Ward 3 . . . .
Stacey street, Ward 5
Sunset street, Ward 22
Topliff street, Ward 24 . . . .
Townsend street, Ward 21 . . .
Washington street, Ward 23,
Atherton to Albano . . . . .
Washington street, Ward 25 . .
Whitfield street and private
land, Ward 24
Wicklow street, Ward 25 . . .
Winter street, Ward 24 . . . .
Woodbury street, Ward 19 . . .
Worthington street, Ward 22,
between Huntington avenue
and Tremont
Cost.
Worthington street, Ward 22,
between Longwood and Hunt-
ington avenues
Wrentham street, Ward 24 .
A street, Ward 23 .... ,
Adams street, Ward 24, Linden
to East
Adams street, Ward 24, East to
Bowdoin street
Armandineand Rockwell streets,
Ward 24
Beacon street, Ward 22 .
Bennington street, Ward 1
Carried forward $138,304
$69,780 83
245 38
1,018 96
1,301 53
508 12
108 90
299 00
211 99
1,872 58
593 18
1.127 30
346 69
3,531 20
1,704 46
1,026 67
1,773 84
324 48
2,679 91
439 89
384 42
1,140 80
329 76
1,557 94
1,849 75
4.128 27
1,097 78
24,015 72
4,028 32
10,877 21
Rale per
foot of
sewer.
$1 64
1 74
1 87
1 87
1 08
1 77
1 77
3 56
1 67
2 25
3 25
2 62
3 92
2 07
2 30
1 82
1 95
3 83
2 44
1 63
1 65
2 49
4 64
4 81
4 81
9 22
9 84
6 73
Assumed
by City.
$1,134 41
1,872 58
19 12
256 43
1,177 77
185 58
13,599 48
2,390 72
4,412 85
Assess-
ment.
$25,048 94
$68,646 42
245 38
1,018 96
1,301 53
912 20
10,416 24
1,637 60
6,464 36
$113,255 94
508 12
1 03
108 90
75
299 00
77
211 99
1 25
593 18
88
1,127 30
1 28
346 69
2 05
3,531 20
1 34
1,704 46
1 96
1,026 67
1 20
1,773 84
1 25
324 48
92
2,679 91
1 08
439 89
1 69
384 42
1 58
1,140 80
97
329 76
98
1,538 82
1 38
1,593 32
2 02
2,950 50
2 22
Street Department.
Table No. III. — Concluded.
143
Assessment of sewers (built
under Chap. 402 of the Acts
of 1892) from June 16, 1892, to
February 1, 1894.
Cost.
Rate per
foot of
sewer.
Assumed
by City.
Assess-
ment.
Rate per
front
foot.
$138,304 88
$25,048 94
$113,255 94
Boylston street, Ward 22 ... .
1,741 32
$5 97
574 88
1,166 44
$1 89
Cambria street, Ward 11 ... .
729 48
6 48
279 12
450 36
2 43
Carlisle street, Ward 21 ... .
1,277 49
4 89
757 43
520 06
2 43
Centre and May sts., Ward 2." .
9,571 94
5 21
2,223 42
7,348 52
2 13
Culvert and Cary sts., Ward 19 .
4,548 40
7 08
1,977 52
2,570 88
2 37
1,029 77
5 70
307 37 .
722 40
2 64
Dewey street, Ward 20 ....
866 84
6 50
373 04
493 80
2 00
Englewood avenue, Ward 25 . .
6,175 35
4 07
107 99
6,067 36
2 29
Harold street, Ward 21 ....
811 62
4 65
113 14
698 48
2 15
Huntington ave., Ward 22, Van-
couver st. to Longwood ave. .
8,572 28
8 67
4,616 40
3,955 88
2 17
Hutchinson street, Ward 24 . .
1,565 00
7 06
678 24
886 76
2 10
Brook st. and Dorchester ave.,
Ward 24
5,593 00
6 72
2,062 24
3,530 76
2 21
Lawrence avenue, Ward 24 . .
1,587 22
6 61
628 02
959 20
2 03
Magnolia street, Ward 20 ...
1,142 38
6 37
425 18
717 20
2 24
2,654 43
31,311 91
20,218 60
7 37
45 78
2,654 43
30,433 41
14,965 64
Norfolk avenue, Ward 20, Oak
878 50
2 65
Norfolk avenue, Ward 20, Clapp
15 40
5,252 96
4,393 77
2 20
6,041 92
4 53
1,648 15
2 49
2,654 90
11 12
1,700 02
954 88
2 11
Roslindale main, Beech street ]
Rosliudale main, Beech to |
Willow y
3,257 90
1,642 80
3,403 52
1,962 96
2 15
26,193 13
12 03
17,888 91
1 96
Roslindale main, Willow to
2 05
Savin Hill avenue, Ward 24 . .
2,322 23
4 73
359 27
2 31
Savin Hill ave., extensiou.Wd. 24,
970 35
5 91
313 75
656 60
2 23
1,911 48
6 76
780 76
1,130 72
2 44
St. Stephens street, Ward 22 . .
4,671 77
12 78
3,362 65
1,309 12
2 28
2,316 19
9 65
1,356 15
960 04
2 19
Vila Bt. and Longwood ave. . .
24,106 31
7 41
11,085 39
13,020 92
2 09
2,041 90
5 41
631 86
1,510 04
2 52
Totals
$310,932 09
$127,253 32
$183,678 77
144 City Document No. 34.
Average cost per foot of sewer
Average assessment per front foot .
Per cent, of cost assessed
Amount collected to February 1, 1894
Per cent, of assessments collected .
Per cent, of cost collected
$4.81
$1.62
59.10%
$57,902.34
31.50%
18.6%
If the main sewer in Norfolk avenue, between Oak and
Clapp streets, is left out, which is a sewer of extraordinary
cost, the following results are obtained :
Average cost per foot of sewer . . . $4.36
Average assessment per front foot . . . $1.62
Per cent, of cost assessed .... 65.4%
Sewer assessments have been made by this division for
the year ending January 31, 1894, to the amount of $113,-
469.57, as follows :
In accordance with Chap. 456 of the Acts of
1889, as amended by Chap. 346 of the Acts
of 1890 $5,916 44
In accordance with Chap. 402 of the Acts of
1892 107,553 13
$113,469 57
Bills for sewer assessments have been deposited with the
City Collector for collection to the amount of $121,699.41.
This sum is made up of all the assessments levied during
the year under the Acts of 1892, and the bills for those
estates assessed under the Acts of 1889-90, from June, 1889,
to January 31, 1894, that have been connected with the
public sewers during the year,* and which amount to $14,-
146.28.
There remain on the books of this division at 5 per cent,
interest the sum of $40,548.26, representing the assessments
made under the Acts of 1889-90 for those estates which have
not been connected with the sewers for which they were
assessed, and bills for which will be deposited for collection
as the connections are made. This sum represents 30.6 per
cent, of the total assessments made under those acts.
Entrance fees to the amount of $6,882 have been col-
lected from estates upon which no sewer assessment was
ever levied, in accordance with Chap. 36, Sect. 10, of the
Revised Ordinances.
Two thousand and sevent} 7 -nine permits have been issued
to drain-layers to connect house-drains with the public
sewers, or to repair old connections ; and the work done
under these permits has been inspected and a record of
same made on the plans of this division.
Street Department. 145
STREET-CLEANING DIVISION.
The work of the Street-Cleaning Division consists of the
sweeping and cleaning of paved streets, the scraping and
cleaning of gutters and macadamized roads, and the patrolling
of streets by a cart and a push-cart patrol to gather up
papers and other unsightly materials that have been care-
lessly thrown into the streets.
For the convenience of operation the city is divided into
nine (9) sweeping districts, as follows :
Street-Sweeping Districts.
District No. 1. — West End.
This district includes that portion of the City Proper that
is bounded on the west and north by the Charles river, on
the east by Charlestown and Washington streets, on the
south by School and Beacon streets and Boston Common..
District No. 2. — North End.
This district includes that portion of the City Proper
bordering on the Charles river and harbor front that lies
east of Charlestown and Washington streets, and north of
Central and Milk streets.
District No. 3. — South End.
This district includes the southerly portion of the City
Proper (business section), and is bounded on the north by
Central and Milk streets, on the east by Fort Point channel,
on the south and south-west by Kneeland, Lincoln, Harvard,
and Utica streets, and on the west by Washington street.
District No. 4. — South End.
This district includes the portion of City Proper and Back
Bay that lies southerly from the Public Garden and Com-
mon, and extends as far as Dartmouth and Dover streets,
and is bounded on the west and north by Beacon and School
streets, easterly by Washington, Kneeland, Lincoln, Howard,
Utica streets, and Fort Point channel, southerly by Dover,
Berkeley, Columbus avenue, and Dartmouth streets.
District No. 5. — Back Bay and South End.
This district includes all of Back Bay and South End be-
tween Charles river and South bay from Dartmouth and
Dover streets on the north, to Massachusetts avenue, Ham-
mond and Ilunneman streets on the south.
146
City Document No. 34.
District JVb. 6. — South Boston.
District No. 7. — Roxbury.
District JSFo. 8. — Brighton.
District JVo. 9. — Bast Boston and Charlestoion.
These districts each contain approximately 200,000 square
yards of paving (stone, brick, or asphalt), and also from
2,000 to 129,000 square yards of paved gutter surface on
macadamized streets.
Depending on the character of the district, the pavements
are swept and cleaned from two to six times per week.
The force to clean paved streets is practically adjusted on
the basis that a double sweeping-machine covers 51,000
square yards of surface in nine hours, and, depending on the
number of square yards in the district, and on the number
of times per week the district is swept, the number of men
and sweeping-machines is adjusted.
The force and plant assigned to a district usually consists
of a foreman, two sub-foremen, sixteen sweepers (who broom
up into heaps the windrows of dirt swept into the gutter by
the machines), six helpers (who together with the teamsters
load the teams), six teamsters, one dump-man, one water-
cart driver, and three sweeping-machines.
Owing to the constant growth of Dorchester and West
Roxbury the work done by occasional visits of sections of
gangs from the adjoining districts was no longer sufficient ;
but, on account of the small appropriation, no additional
force could be organized. These districts, however, are
constantly cared for by the paving division force, thus saving
the expense of extra superintendence and headquarters.
The following table shows the average force employed
during the year :
Average No. men
District. employed.
Office 4
1, West End 33
2, North End 33
3, South End 33
4, South End. . 32
5, Back Bay 30
6, South Boston ....... 32
7, Eoxbury 29
8, Brighton ........ 8
9, Charlestown and East Boston .... 25
Yard and stable ....... 14
Push-cart Patrol 40
Total
313
Street Department. 147
The above-mentioned force use in carrying out the work
of the division the following plant :
Fifteen double sweeping-machines, 10 single sweeping-
machines (1 transferred to Paving Division), 10 water-carts,
83 street-carts, 84 horses (owned by the division), 21
asphalt-scrapers.
The Push-cart Patrol use :
Fifty-nine push-carts, 49 extra barrels, 3 street-carts
(steel), 3 horses (all hired). Of the 59 push-carts, 38 are
in daily service.
In addition to the above-mentioned carts, the division
hires about 25 extra teams.
Push-Cart Patrol.
The working of the Push-cart Patrol has been quite satis-
factory, and the results have been so gratifying that the
number has been increased during the year. Forty men are
now employed in this service, and the area covered com-
prises the following-named streets :
Arch street, Avon place, Beach street (Washington street
to South street), Beacon street (Arlington street to Charles
street), Bedford street, Blackstone street (Hanover street to
Cross street) , Boylston street (Washington street to Arling-
ton street), Bowdoin square, Brattle street, Brattle square,
Bi'omneld street, Bulfinch street (Howard street to Bowdoin
square) , Causeway street (Merrimac street to Beverly street) ,
Central street, Chardon street, Chauncy street, Columbus ave-
nue (Park square to West Chester park — now Massachusetts
avenue) , Congress street (Milk street to State street) , Congress
square, Cornhill, Court street, Devonshire street, Doane street,
Eliot street, Elm street, Essex street (Washington street to
South street) , Exchange place, Federal street (Summer street
to Milk street) , Franklin street (Washington street to Federal
street), Friend street, Hanover street (Scollay square to
Blackstone street), Harrison avenue (Bedford street to
Kneeland street) , Hawkins street, Hawley street, Haymarket
square, Harvard street, Kilby street, Kingston street, Knee-
land street, La Grange street, Lincoln street, Mason street,
Merrimac street, Milk street (Washington street to Broad
street), Otis street, Park square, Portland street, Post-office
square, School street, South street, State street (Washington
street to Broad street), Sudbury street, Summer street,
Temple place, Travers street (Merrimac street to Beverly
street), Tremont street (Eliot street to Court street), Tre-
mont row, Union street (Hanover street to Haymarket
square), Washington street (Kneeland .street to Haymarket
148
City Document No. 34.
square), Water street, West street, Winter street, Winthrop
square, and the following asphalt streets :
Beacon street from Dartmouth to Massachusetts avenue,
W. Newton street from Washington to Columbus avenue,
Chester square, south side, from Washington to Columbus
avenue, Chester square, north side, from Tremont to Colum-
bus avenue, Broadway from Dorchester avenue to Dorchestei
street.
The contents of the barrels collected by the Push-cart
Patrol are removed at regular intervals by odorless iron
dumping-carts. This cart does not leak, is easily dumped,
and has proved of good service in the work of collecting
the contents of the barrels.
The refuse collected by the patrol is taken to the dumping-
scow and towed to sea. The refuse has considerable value
as manure, but the extra cost of teaming it to the railroad
stations, where it could be sold to farmers, and the difficulty
of making arrangement for cars, prevent the division from
disposing of it in this manner.
Three thousand nine hundred and seventeen loads of street-
sweepings were collected by the Push-cart Patrol.
The following table shows the number of loads of street-
sweepings removed each year during the last twelve years :
Tear.
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891, 12 months
1891, 13 months
1892 . ' .
1893
No. of Cartloads.
52,381
58,272
62,222
61,455
59,875
68,990
68,010
70,476
70,449
!87,113
291,425
3106,829
4110,496
A large number of permits are yearly issued to store-
keepers and venders for the purpose of allowing them to sell
during the summer time goods from their basements or first-
story "windows to people on the street. These permits are
required under the ordinances of the city of Boston, which
i Jan. 1, 1890, to Jan. 1, 1891.
2 Jan. 1, 1890, to Feb. 1, 1892 (date made necessary by the change In the financial year).
Of this amount 4,290 loads were collected by the Push-cart Patrol,
s « » 3,456 " " " " "
4 « « 3 )917 .. <« » «
Street Department. 149
provides that no person shall so sell without a permit from
the Superintendent of Streets.
As the privilege is a valuable one, given without compen-
sation, and as it is largely obtained for the purpose of sell-
ing fruit, the refuse from which is almost immediately thrown
into the street, the department issued the following letter :
Street Department,
City op Boston, 1893.
Dear Sir: Complaint having been made of the condition in which
the street is kept in front of your premises, where you are doing busi-
ness under a permit obtained from the Street Department, you are
hereby notified that it will be necessary for you to procure a waste-
barrel, to be located in the immediate vicinity of your stand. In order
that these barrels may be of uniform dimensions, color, and lettering,
you will be obliged to purchase the same of the city of Boston. Appli-
cation for one of these barrels must be made to Mr. P. A. Jackson,
Deputy Superintendent of the Street-Cleaning Division, at his office at
li Beacon street, within ten days from date.
Yours truly,
H. H. Carter,
Supt. of Streets.
Acting under these directions, eighty-nine barrels were
applied for and placed in front, or in the immediate vicinity,
of various fruit-stores, where they would obstruct the side-
walk as little as possible, at the same time being conspicuous
enough to attract attention and to invite the depositing of
any refuse which might otherwise be thrown into the street.
A sign was placed on each barrel, reading as follows :
PUBLIC WASTE BARREL.
PLEASE PUT RUBBISH IN THIS BARREL AND NOT IN THE
STREET.
The contents of these barrels were regularly collected by
the same force attending to the push-cart barrels.
The experiment was very satisfactory, as the barrels be-
came filled in from one to five days. The number will be
increased this summer.
Attention has been directed to the subject of public slov-
enliness, both by numerous communications to the public
press and by editorials during the past year. The following
editorial taken from a leading daily paper expresses this
subject clearly :
"Public Slovenliness.
" An American who was recently in Berlin relates Hint one
day, in walking about the city, he chanced to have; a bit of
150 City Document No. 34.
waste paper in his hand. His first impulse was to fling it
into the street. At home he would have done so. f But,'
said he, f as I looked at the pavement, I was struck by its
cleanliness, and I would as soon have thought of littering
the parlor floor in a house where I was a guest.' It is a
pity that our Boston public cannot be as regardful of the
proprieties of out-door conduct. Our City Government is
now caring for the streets as never before, and the attention
given to their appearance is the subject of universal remark.
"But it is hopeless to expect to keep them in the thoroughly
neat condition that might otherwise characterize them so
long as the public persists in its present slovenly habits.
These are generated by years of slovenly streets, but now
that the city is at such pains and expense in the matter, it is
time that people learned to respect their appearance. The
most of the litter that now disfigures the pavements is cast
into the street by persons passing along the sidewalks.
They fling banana skins and orange peelings into the thor-
oughfare to the peril of their fellows, they tear paper into
bits and scatter it broadcast, and carelessly throw away
circulars, newspapers, envelopes, paper bags, etc. This is
all clearly forbidden by the city ordinances, and it is time
the police began to enforce them. The police are not doing
their duty in this respect. Whether or not it is because
they are not amenable to the city authorities, it is difficult to
say, but there is a common impression abroad that, if the
Mayor had the power to make his word felt in this matter,
there would very soon be a different aspect of things.
" If it is true that the police authorities are purposely not
as active in this respect as they should be, lest too. much
credit be given the present administration, then they are
only hastening the day when the existing form of police con-
trol shall come to an end. This piggish abuse of the streets
would soon terminate should there be a few dozen arrests,
and a few hundred admonitions to persons guilty of such
violations of the ordinances regulatino- the care of the streets."
While this agitation has had some effect, there is still
much to be desired, and the following quotation from the
New York report on street-cleaning puts the subject in its
true light :
"It is a hopeless task to keep the streets of this city
clean so long as the people themselves are determined to keep
them dirty."
Steeet Department. 151
THE SMOKE NUISANCE.
In view of the progress that Boston has made in the im-
provement and development of its water-supply, and in the
creation of a sewerage system more complete and perfect in
its operation than is to be found elsewhere in this country,
and in view, too, of the endeavors to purify the city through-
out, and to give to the public the free and unobstructed use
of clean and wholesome streets, with solid pavements and
comfortable sidewalks void of all refuse, unsightly waste
and dust, it is not strange that public attention is called to
the condition of the air, laden as it is with soot, cinders, and
gaseous compounds that are being belched forth without let
or hindrance from numerous stacks located within the busi-
ness limits of the city, or close to the windows of stores or
residences.
That smoke is a nuisance, detrimental to the exterior of
buildings, to merchandise, and household goods, and to pub-
lic health as well, is an established fact that needs no proof.
The chief incentives toward the banishment of such a
nuisance appear to be :
1st. The excessive cost of repairing the damage caused
by soot.
2d. The increased death-rate due to lung, bronchial, and
kindred diseases.
3d. The lowering of the standard of cleanliness in the
defacement of landscape.
4th. The general discomfort and depression of spirits
which a murky atmosphere produces.
Asa philanthropist and practical engineer has said :
" When we consider how closely cleanliness is allied to
godliness, how largely civilization consists in the removal
of the dirt, and the suppression of the nuisances which
characterize savage life, and the fact that its power to pur-
chase comfort is that which gives to money its value, the
subject takes on a higher aspect, and becomes one of first
importance."
The smoke problem, although comparatively new in Bos-
ton, has received considerable attention in other large indus-
trial cities for many years, where various types of bituminous
coals are used in large quantities for generating steam.
While it is a well-known fact that the fuels used in Boston,
as a general thing, produce less offensive smoke and in less
quantities than other cities, where a larger proportion of soft
152 City Document No. 34.
coal is necessarily used in the interests of economy, it still
remains an undoubted fact that dense, black smoke is emitted
in large volumes in places where its effect is very apparent,
and from which numerous complaints arise as to the. injury to
merchandise and other goods with which it comes in contact.
The tendency to change from the use of hard coal to a
softer quality containing more sulphur, iron, and other or-
ganic smoke-producing elements, is on the increase, both on
account of the high price of hard coals due to enormous
freight rates, and also on account of the acknowledged higher
steaming capacity of soft coal.
It is certain that we are getting more and more smoke
every year, and unless some radical steps are taken to check
this increase, it is difficult to predict to what extent we may
be obliged to suffer on account of such neglect.
The history of the movement in Boston so far is very brief.
Previous to 1892 no regulations were in existence other than
the general rules framed for - the guidance of the Inspector of
Buildings, having no special reference to smoke consumption.
An ordinance was first adopted on the 7th day of May,
1892, prohibiting the use of bituminous coal for the genera-
tion of steam, unless the furnace be provided with "some
effectual device for consuming smoke." This was followed
by an order instructing the Inspector of Buildings to enforce
this regulation.
As that official set the standard efficiency of smoke-con-
suming devices at 90 f > and as coal consumers were not in-
formed as to existing devices for its prevention, and were
uncertain as to the exactions of the ordinance in detail, a
public meeting of the owners of boiler plants and others
interested was held September 16, 1892, at which a commit-
tee was appointed to look into the whole matter and report.
This committee was instructed as follows : " Voted, That a
committee of three be appointed by the Chair to make such
investigations as they may deem necessary to ascertain the
relative merits and expense of various smoke consumers and
other devices on the market, and what measures have been
taken in other cities to decrease the amount of smoke emitted ;
and the committee is further authorized in their discretion to
confer with the Mayor and the City Government as to the
advisability of a commission to investigate the subject."
The report of this committee was submitted by His Honor
Mayor Matthews to the City Council, April 7, 1893, and is
given in full in City Document 6l, 1893.
It shows that an examination was made of some forty-eight
devices, and their use inspected in various cities, but does
not state definitely "the relative merits and expense of various
Street Department. 153
smoke consumers and other devices on the market," nor does
it state explicitly the results of any tests made by it, or the
results obtained in other cities.
It does contain general information of value on its findings,
and its conclusions suggest a form of statute afterward
adopted, together with the following significant paragraph :
" The important fact remains that with good tiring and good
draught, the average furnace can be run without the necessity
of a smoke consumer to avoid the creation of a nuisance."
As this committee were not justified in assuming any great
expense, extensive experiments with the various types of
devices were not undertaken, but from their investigations
they were enabled to classify these types,, and gave a brief
description of each of four types mentioned. Doubtless
much other information from plans and descriptions were
received by the committee, which was not included in their
repoit.
As an outcome of this report, a bill was introduced into
the Legislature, passed and approved May 15, 1893, limiting
the amount of smoke so that at least 75% of all smoke
should either be consumed or otherwise prevented from en-
tering the atmosphere, and authorizing the Mayor to desig-
nate some proper person from among the city officials who
should be charged with its enforcement. In accordance
with this provision. His Honor N. Matthews, Jr., Mayor,
designated on June 14, 1893, Henry H. Carter, Superinten-
dent of Streets, as the official to be charged with the enforce-
ment of this act, and in January, 1894, his appointment
was continued for the ensuing year.
Measures were at once taken to ascertain the location of
the principal soft- coal users producing an objectionable amount
of smoke, and the following circular was served upon the
owners of the building where complaints from any sources
had been received :
City of Boston, Street Department,
Boston, August 14, 1893.
Dear Sir : T desire to call your attention to Chapter 353 of the Acts
and Resolves of 1893, which reads as follows :
[Chap. 353.]
An Act to Ahate the Smoke Nuisance in Large Cities.
Be it enacted, etc., as folloios :
Section 1. In cities of over three hundred thousand inhabitants no
person shall, after the first day of July in the year eighteen hundred and
ninety-three, use bituminous coal I'm- the purpose of making steam in
boilers in any building, unless the furnace in which such coal is burned
is so built, managed, arranged, or equipped thai al least seventy-five per
cent, of the smoke from said coal is consumed or otherwise prevented
154 City Document No. 34.
from entering the atmosphere, the degree of suppression being deter-
mined by the quantity of such smoke emitted, as shown by the density
and color of the issuing smoke and the length of time which it is visible,
the maximum standard of comparison being a continuous discharge of
dense, dark smoke during the time the furnace is in active operation.
Sect. 2. The mayor of any city to which this act applies shall, within
one month from its passage, designate some proper person from among
the city officials who shall be charged with its enforcement; and such
designation shall thereafter be made annually in the month of January,
but shall be subject to change at any time.
Sect. 3. Whoever violates any provision of Section 1 of this act shall
be punished by a fine of not less than ten nor more than one hundred
dollars for each week during which such violation shall continue. [Ap-
proved May 15, 1893.
In accordance with the provisions of the above act. the Mayor of
Boston has designated the Superintendent of Streets as the official to be
charged with enforcement of the act.
Complaint has been made that smoke from the chimney on your prem-
ises is emitted in violation of this law, both as to quantity and density.
This department has no special smoke-consuming apparatus to recom-
mend, and is not prepared to advise you in respect to the method of
remedying this nuisance. It is possible that the chimney is of insufficient
capacity for your boiler plant, which fact could be ascertained by consul-
tation with some competent mechanical engineer.
You are hereby notified that immediate steps must be taken by you to
provide some arrangement whereby seventy-five per cent, of the smoke
produced is consumed, as required by law.
Yours truly,
H. H. Carter,
Superintendent of Streets.
A temporary inspector was employed to gather further
information as to the kind, size, horse power of boilers,
heating surface, grate area, area of smoke and chimney flues,
height of chimneys, amount of coal burned daily summer and
winter, the percentage of air space in and above grates, and
the device for smoke prevention in use or contemplated,
etc. These detail reports have been critically examined and
approximate deductions made therefrom.
During the year 129 notices upon soft-coal burners have
been served and 115 complete inspections made.
These inspections show that —
23 plants are supplied with a patent smoke-consuming de-
vice ;
4 are provided with " wing walls," a device not patented ;
12 are using hard coal ;
4 are using mostly shavings for fuel ;
13 are considering the adoption of some device ;
4 are supplied with device of their own design ;
7 are ready to adopt a device when one is found that will
satisfy the demands of the statute, and do economic
work, while 48 claim that they are complying with
the law at present.
Street Department. 155
Some claims are made that a compliance with the law is
effected by the use of a mixture of soft and hard coal screen-
ings. The use of hard coal alone is an infallible remedy, as
the law applies only to soft coal.
The following defects in arrangement of plant were
apparent from inspection :
Chimney too small . . . .37 cases.
Air space in grate too small . . 20 "
Smoke-flue small . . . . 8 "
Number of tubes small ... 1 case.
Forced at times, especially in winter . 24 cases.
Several boilers are forced above their rated capacity,
especially those furnishing power for electric-light dynamos,
at the hour when the lights are turned on. Many of the
most serious smoke nuisances in this city are caused on this
account.
In a few cases the height of boiler above the grate was
found to be small, which should not be less than 21 inches
for boilers 4 ft. in diameter, 24 inches for boilers 5 ft. in
diameter, and 27 inches for boilers 6 ft. in diameter.
In some 37 cases examined, while the arrangement of the
plant was not open to severe criticism, and the relation of
the area of grate to that of the smoke and chimney flues
was apparently proportional, the smoke produced might have
been due either to a poor quality of fuel or to careless and
indifferent tiring.
The following circular-letter was sent to certain offenders,
where the inspection seemed to show a well-arranged plant
that should, under careful manipulation and with good fuel,
be free from offensive smoke :
City of Boston,
Street Department, Boston, , 1894.
Dear Sir: From an inspection of your premises with reference to
complying with the requirements of the law in regard to the smoke
nuisance, it is found that your stack, at times, gives forth an unwarrant-
able amount of dense, black smoke. While the general dimensions and
proportions of your boiler plant appear to be properly adjusted, yet
from some cause unknown, complete combustion does not ensue.
This may be due to one of three causes: first, the character of the
fuel used may not be of the right standard ; second, it may be due to
the carelessness and indifference of the firemen employed ; or third, to
alack of some device or expedient whereby the gases arc retained in
the combustion chamber long enough to attain the required heat neces-
sary for complete combustion.
your careful attention is, however, invited to the quality of the fuel
used, and you are hereby cautioned against the use of cheap and inferior
grades of sulphurous coal, which must require the most extraordinary
conditions as to draught, arrangement of grates with regard to removal
156 City Document No. 34.
of clinkers, etc., as such coals never show a quick and easy capacity for
development of steam.
The necessity of employing a more reliable and intelligent fireman
than is often found in charge of such work cannot be called too em-
phatically to your attention. The substitution of any extra or miscel-
laneous help in place of a man especially trained for this purpose is to
be deprecated as well from the point of economy as from the greater
liability to produce a smoke nuisance.
The following simple rules in regard to firing are often overlooked :
Instructions for Firing Boilers with Bituminous Coal.
1. All large coal should be broken up so that the largest pieces are
no greater than a man's fist.
2. Begin to charge the furnace at the bridge end, and keep firing to
within a few inches of the dead plate.
3. Never allow the fire to burn so low, before a fresh charge is
thrown in, that there shall not be at least three to four inches
deep of clean incandescent fuel on the bars, and equally spread
over the whole grate.
4. Keep the bars constantly covered, particularly at the sides and
bridge end where the fuel burns away most rapidly.
5. If the fire burns unequally, or in holes, the vacant spaces must
be filled up.
6. Under ordinary conditions the thickness of fire will vary from
four to eight inches for different amounts of draught and rate of
combustion. The best thickness to carry must be determined for
each case, bearing in mind, however, that a very thick fire is
conducive to smoke production.
7. The greatest preventive of smoke is frequent firing of small
quantities on alternate sides of the furnace.
8. With a battery of boilers, one boiler must be fired at a time on
one side of the furnace only, then the next boiler in the same
manner, and so on to the end ; then beginning again with the
first boiler, fire the other side of the furnace, and so on down
through the battery.
9. If there are no other means of admitting air than through the
grate and at the fire door, the register in the fire door should be
left open after firing, and if the boilers are foi'ced, it should be
left open all the time.
10. With a shallow ash-pit the ashes should be removed frequently
to allow free inlet for air, and to prevent burning the grates.
By calling the attention of your firemen to the above instructions, it
may be possible that you will be able to reduce the quantity of smoke
emitted so that there shall be no further cause for complaint. If you are
unable to reduce the smoke the proper amount by this means, it will be-
come necessary for you to adopt some one of the effective devices now
in use in this city and elsewhere for this purpose, the selection of which
must be determined by your local conditions and the nature of the work
demanded of your particular plant.
If you are guided in such selection by a competent mechanical en-
gineer who understands the peculiar needs of your individual case, you
will doubtless be saved any unnecessary expenditure of money, and
arrive at the results desired without loss of time.
It is desirable that you give this your immediate and continued atten-
tion, to the end that the emission of smoke may be entirely done away
with, and the department awaits the development of future inspection.
Yours truly,
H. H. Carter,
Superintendent of Streets.
Street Department. 157
Doubtless the above simple instructions for firing will
tend largely to a reduction of smoke, if carefully and con-
stantly followed up.
No matter what style of combustion chamber is used, or
what device for smoke prevention is added thereto, if an
irresponsible and careless fireman is employed, no good re-
sults can follow. In many cases, where a proper device was
in place, the inspector found that the fireman had neglected
to use it through sheer laziness.
The 23 patented smoke-preventing devices examined rep-
resent the following well-known types, having been experi-
mented with here and elsewhere for a number of years :
1st. Down-draft Furnaces. — In this form the back of
the fire-place is closed so that all smoke and volatile mat-
ter must pass downward through the fire bed. This closure
is effected either by a water-leg passing below the level of
the grate, or by a drum, set below the level of the grate and
connected with the boiler at either end by tubes, with the
space between the drum and the boiler shell bricked in solid.
For the ordinary grate bars are substituted a water-tube
grate connected at the back with the water-leg or drum, and
at the front by means of headers and connecting tubes with
the boiler shell, thus adding to the heating surface of the
boiler.
This is considered a most rational form of combustion, as
the fresh coal and fresh air are both applied and admitted on
the top and cooler part of the bed, while the gases are all
made to pass through incandescent coke below. The claim is
made "'that the moisture of the coal and the combined water
of the volatile matter are decomposed into hydrogen and
carbon monoxide gases which, with the aid of additional air
supplied below the grate, burn with useful effect, while the
separated carbon disappears into invisible carbon dioxide
gas."
With moderate firing the loss of fuel from falling through
the grate is very slight. One form of this type introduces a
second grate some distance below to catch the glowing coals
which do drop through, and through which air is admitted as
in the ordinary manner. Fresh coal is never applied to the
lower grate, so that the incandescent fuel falling from above
the space between the two grates is in a favorable condition
for completing the combustion, being highly heated and sup-
plied with heated air. Such a system is well adapted to en-
sure a good smoke record even when the fire is forced, or
carelos firing exists.
The objections to this type arise principally from the de-
fects at the joints and connecting pipes, where there is an
158 City Document No. 34.
unusual strain, and also at the water-leg or drum, where the
heat is intense, so that, with impure or dirty water, a ten-
dency to scale is shown on the lower surface of the drum.
Notwithstanding these objections (which have been largely
obviated in recent designs), it gives great promise for the
future, and is well worth attention and study.
Examples of this type, with a singlegra te called the
"American Down-Draft Furnace," may be seen at the follow-
ing places :
Nevins Estate, 78 Chauncy street.
Lyceum Theatre, Washington street.
Nevins Estate, 66 Chauncy street (with lower water-grate).
The other form supplied with a second ordinary grate,
and called the " Hawley Down-Draft Furnace," may be
seen at
The Brookline Gas Light Co., Allston.
Also at the West End Power Station, Cambridge.
An elaborate test of this device has been made by the St.
Louis Smoke Commission, composed of mechanical experts,
which shows that in comparison with a common furnace, the
Hawley furnace emitted 70 per cent, of smoke as a maxi-
mum, but this occurred only three times during the day,
averaging less than a minute at a time, while the common
furnace emitted 100 per cent. 68 times during the day with
an average duration of four minutes, and ao-o;re°;atina' 45.5
per cent, of the whole time of test.
In addition to the prevention of smoke, the report gives
credit to this furnace for merit in the following points :
(a.) Increase in evaporation of 24.54 per cent.
(b. ) Utilization of calorific power of coal showing increase
of 21.08 per cent.
(c.) Increase in horse-power developed of 11 .25 per cent.,
due principally to increased heating surface.
(d.) Convenience of attachment.
The cost, for ordinary tubular boilers, varies from $550
for a 48-inch boiler to $850 for an 84-inch boiler, and for
water tube boilers from $600 for 100-horse power to $1,750
for 500-horse power, showing that this type is more adapted
to the larger and more expensive plants.
2d. Steam Jets. — The principle of steam injectors is to
supply air, either fresh or heated, in such a manner as to form
water gas by the decomposition of steam. They are applied
at different points of the boiler in different devices, either at
the side-walls or over the fire-doors, or at the bridge- wall.
They work satisfactorily in boilers where the demands are
light, but require careful firing ; and again, if not properly set
and adjusted, there ensues a blow-pipe action upon the boiler
Street Department. 159
shell or grate bars, which leads to a rapid burning out of
the metal.
With ample boiler capacity and faithful and efficient fire-
men satisfactory results may be obtained where steady ser-
vice is required from the steam jet ; it must, however, be
turned on at each firing, or its efficiency soon becomes im-
paired.
Being comparatively inexpensive, it is well adapted to
small plants.
This type is exemplified by the Standard Smoke Con-
sumer Company, and may be seen in operation at the Grand
Hotel, 417 Columbus avenue; Estes estate, .196 Summer
street; Jordan, Marsh, & Co. (wholesale), corner Bedford
and Lincoln streets.
From a mechanical standpoint, it may be said that the
principle upon which this device works is that of admitting
to the furnace above the fire a mixture of superheated steam
and air, the steam being blown in at boiler pressure or less,
and the air being induced by the natural draught and by
suction caused by the injection of the superheated steam.
Steam is taken from the boiler or main steam-pipe and
passed through the super-heating coil of f -inch pipe which is
in the brick setting at the side of the furnace, with one course
of brick between it and the fire. The amount of steam which
passes through this coil is regulated at will by a valve. The
steam escapes into the furnace through nozzles which are
made by screwing an ordinary plug into a reducing coupling,
this plug having been drilled through the centre and slotted
on the sides to form channels for the steam to escape.
Air is admitted through pipes which are 2^ inches in di-
ameter. These pipes connect with cast-iron boxes, and in
these boxes the nozzles are located.
In small boilers two nozzles are placed oyer the fire-doors.
In large boilers, in addition to those over the fire-door, are
two nozzles on each side of the furnace.
For the prevention of smoke it is necessary to admit air
enough to produce complete combustion. It is of no impor-
tance where the air is admitted provided the mixture of air
and gas is continuously affected before the temperature is too
low for ignition of carbon, or not under 800° Fahrenheit.
This apparatus brings into the furnace above the fire an
additional supply of air, and the escape of the superheated
steam through the various orifices causes the air to get thor-
oughly mixed with the gases and thus assists in their com-
bustion ; that it very much lessens the smoke produced
there is no doubt.
It also is of benefit in many places, in increasing the
160 City Document No. 34.
draught, and making it possible to get more work from the
same boilers.
In the plants visited in this city the device seemed to be
giving very good results, especially in enabling them to do
more work without increasing the number of boilers.
3d. Automatic Stokers. — The feature of this type is the
use of mechanical tiring by means of screw or hopper feeders
to fixed inclined grates or to movable inclined or step grates.
"Nut," "pea," or "slack" grades of coal must be used,
excluding " lump coal " and the " run of the mine." Regular
feeding does away with periods of heavy smoke develop-
ment at time of firing. They require that a coal be used
which does not readily coke and does not clinker to any
serious extent. Mechanical stokers with natural draught re-
duce the capacity of the plant ; on this account it would be
impossible to introduce them into plants which are now in-
sufficient in capacity. They are effective smoke preventers.
It involves laborious firing to clean an inclined or step
grate, and the tendency is towards neglect. It is not adapted
where caking or hard clinkering coals are used, or where
plants are apt to be overworked.
In these devices mud and scale will more readily settle at
points that are covered or obscured from the eye of the fire-
man or engineer, increasing the danger. With pure feed-
water, no trouble should ensue. Examples are found in the
Roney Stoker, the Murphy Furnace, and the Jones Under-
feed.
The former may be seen at the State House Extension, and
at the Boston Electric Light Co.'s plant, Boston Street, Dor-
chester ; also, at the manufacturing establishment of Curtis,
Davis, & Company, Cambridgeport, may be seen a fine sam-
ple of a modern boiler plant, provided with four Roney
stokers, and an ingenious system for elevating and convey-
ing the coal, distributing it into bunkers, supported on iron
girders in front of and above each boiler.
This stoker furnishes a continuous supply of coal to the
furnace at a slow and uniform rate of feed, being operated
by one small engine set at the end of a battery of four boil-
ers. The action of the stoker is first to liberate the free
gases and partially coke the coal on a dead plate, under-
neath the coking arch in connection with an indraft of hot
air through perforated channels in the fire-brick tile. The
coal is then slowly worked down over rocking grates into
the hottest portion of the fire, and when consumed, the ash
and cinder, falling on the dumping grates, is dropped into
the ash. pit, from which it is carried by means of a screw
conveyor into a bin at the end of the building and there dis-
Street Department. ]61
charged into carts. The chief advantage of this type is that
it ensures a steady rate of combustion, does away with the
periodical lowering of the temperature and consequent loss
of efficiency, caused by hand firing (which, in some cases, is
of marked irregularity), and reduces the work of the fire-
man to watchfulness and supervision without any violent
manual labor. Such regularity of duty may incidentally add
to the life of a boiler.
4th. Furnaces with Hollow Walls. — Arranged for the
admission of heated air.
There is, probably, a larger variety of this type than of any
other class, except, perhaps, the steam jet. In some forms,
the air is passed through tortuous ducts and hollow passages
left in the brickwork of the boiler settings, and is admitted
above the grate through slots or round openings at the sides
of the furnace or at the bridge wall. This style is open to
objection in many cases, on the ground of instability, and
lack of durability, due to the clogging up of the opening for
the admission of air, through lack of proper attention.
Notwithstanding these defects, the necessity of admitting
more oxygen at a proper temperature for combustion with
the gases that tend to escape unconsumed, has led to much
experiment, the result of which has been to simplify the de-
vice, strengthen the setting, and to increase the evaporation.
For samples of this type, the Jones Economic Furnace can
be seen at the
Boston Electric Light Plant, Gilbert place.
Boston Lead Works, Hampden street.
Boston & Maine R.R., Minot street.
Scranage Bros. & Co., 48 Beverly street.
The device of the Bacon Engineering Company can be
seen at the Youth's Companion Building, where public in-
spection of regularly conducted mechanical tests has been
offered by the proprietors to students of Harvard College
and the Mass. Institute of Technology, and others specially
interested.
The " Jarvis Setting " can be seen at the Edison Illuminat-
ing Company, at Atlantic avenue, and Edison Illuminating
Company, Head place.
The demands on the latter plant are so excessive in the
early evening that the device does not work to advantage,
and until a better distribution of duty is arranged, by ad-
ditional feed services from the other plant, this plant cannot
be expected to give good satisfaction.
5th. Coking Arches of Firebrick or Steel. — In this device
the arch is placed over the forward part of the fireplace, with
the chamber above and over the fresh coal charged, where
162 City Document No. 34.
the greater part of the volatile matter is drawn off. The re-
sultant coke is then pushed to the rear to serve as a hot-bed
over which the volatile matter from the fresh coal in front is
made to pass. Arch structures are reported as usually short-
lived, being exposed to high and changing temperatures, re-
quire expensive repairs, and cause annoying delays in the
operation of plant.
Many other arrangements have been tried, such as the in-
troduction of " wing walls " of various patterns ; " the hollow
grate-bar" discharging hot air back of the bridge wall, and
the use of " double combustion chambers," where the two
fires are charged alternately. In the latter, suitable arrange-
ments are made to pass the gases and smoke from one tire
freshly charged, beneath and through the other fire-bed,
which is in a state of glowing coke ; or the gases may be
passed through a single fire-bed a second time by means of a
fan blower. Both are open to objection as requiring extra
room or extra skilled attention.
As to the merits or demerits of the various smoke-prevent-
ing devices, as shown by methodically conducted experiments,
this city has never taken the necessary steps to determine.
No appropriation has ever been set apart for conducting
mechanical tests, to determine to what extent the reduction
£>£ smoke can be carried and show economy.
Other cities are doing this to a large extent, and useful
information is being made public.
Perhaps the most interesting and complete results have
been reached by the commission of skilled experts now
organized in St. Louis. Officially, they have made a public
report on three devices, which have been indorsed after most
thorough and complete tests, viz. :
1. The Improved Zigzag Grate-Bar and Smoke-Pre-
venting Co.'s Device, or the Boileau Device.
2. The Hawley Down-Draft Furnace.
.3. The Standard Smokeless Furnace.
All three receive a favorable endorsement, and the special
advantages of each are amply set forth in their report, which is
a public document. Their reports contain, also, an analyt-
ical statement of the principles and reactions upon which
combustion depends, showing the chemical process by which
the pure carbon is set free, which makes the visible smoke ;
also a discussion of the various fuels in use, their relative
cost, etc. , all from a local standpoint. One report concludes
with a form of ordinance recommended as practical, and the
suggestion that an authoritative and impartial determination
should be made. The ordinance suggested has been adopted
with a few modifications, and is now in successful operation.
Street Department. 163
The Hawley Furnace is the only one of the three that is in
use in this city and vicinity. The most extensive experi-
ments here have been made and are now in progress at the
West End Power Plant in Cambridge, conducted solely by
private parties.
The American Down-Draft Furnace, which is somewhat
similar to the Hawley, seems to be meeting with good results,
especially since the recent introduction of a lower water-
grate.
From all the facts now apparent, these two furnaces are the
only two that show good steaming capacity, with inferior
fuel, and which are at the same time successful smoke-pre-
venters.
Remedies without using a Device.
In many cases it is possible to abate the smoke nuisance
without reverting to a so-called patent device.
This may be accomplished effectually as follows :
1st. By the adoption of " smokeless fuels."
2d. By the adoption of electricity as a motive power.
3d. By special care and attention to the manner of firing.
The use of " smokeless fuels " is a most valuable remedy for
the smoke nuisance, for the reason that the duty required of
some boilers and heating furnaces is such that this change could
be effected with little inconvenience and not excessive cost.
The smokeless fuels are (a) anthracite or hard coal,
(5) coke, a smokeless and almost nameless fuel, (c) coal or
retort gas, (d) water gas, (e) natural gas, (f) petroleum
oil (nearly smokeless).
The general consideration against the adoption of the
above fuels, except for heating and industrial purposes, has
been their excessive cost, which for evaporating a given
weight of water has proved much greater than if soft coal
were used. Constant experiment, however, has led to
economy in the manufacture and distribution of coke and gas,
which will undoubtedly result in their more general use. It is
computed that, when gas can be sold for 75 cents per 1 ,000 cubic
feet, it would come very near to competition with soft coal.
The outlook for a reduction in the cost of petroleum oil is
still more promising. Oil can be delivered in St. Paul at
such a price that its use for power purposes equals in cost
that of coal at $3.00 per ton. If delivered by pipe-lines, a
still greater reduction is effected.
We may look for surprising results within the next few
years in the development of economy in the use of the above-
mentioned fuels.
The gas-engine is receiving a great deal of attention, and
164 City Document No. 34.
is very efficient. For intermittent power, it is very satisfac
tory. The petroleum engine will soon receive greater attention.
Electricity is also making rapid strides in this direction.
It is particularly adapted to small plants not requiring " live
steam," or steam for other purposes than power.
The limit of horse-power under which electricity can be
used to advantage varies under different conditions, but it
can be used profitably to a considerable amount of power
under favorable conditions, and, of course, does away w 7 ith
all smoke.
From experiments that are being made abroad, it has been
discovered that the carbon particles held in suspension in
smoke can be thrown down by electricity, and deposited
instantly upon electrocized plates, ingeniously arranged with
proper insulation. This discovery may lead to a practical
device for reducing smoke.
General Remarks.
The enforcement of the present law in the city of Boston
has made apparent several practical defects. In the first
place, there is difficulty in determining the exact per cent,
of smoke emitted.
The law reads that 75 per cent, of the smoke from the coal
must be consumed or prevented, and then adds that the
" maximum standard " should be " a continuous discharge of
dense, dark smoke, during the time the furnace is in active
operation."
This is equivalent to allowing that for one-fourth part of
the time the furnace is in operation, a continuous stream of
dark dense smoke would be permissible, provided that dur-
ing the remaining time it is of medium density and color.
As a matter of fact, much of the light-gray smoke is as
injurious to fabrics as the dense dark smoke. The simple
injection of steam into the stack will change the color of the
smoke, and perhaps clear the law, but will not get at the
heart of the nuisance, nor would it effect combustion.
The law should lean toward complete combustion, regard-
ing smoke as only the visible sign of incomplete combustion,
which really creates the nuisance. It matters not whether
the small particles of carbon floating off are jet black, dark-
brown, light-brown or gray, they are injurious all the same,
alike to health and to goods on which they are deposited.
Another defect in the law is that it is confined to soft coal
as fuel. Numerous complaints have come to the depart-
ment where the principal fuel was shavings and other
waste. The law should include all kinds of fuel.
The ordinance at present in force reads as follows :
Street Department. 165
An Ordinance to amend Chapter Forty-three of the Revised Ordinances
of 1892.
(Chapter 3.)
Be it enacted by the City Council of Boston, as follows :
Section 1. Chapter forty-three of the Revised Ordinances of 1892 is
hereby amended by inserting between sections ninety-eight and ninety-
nine, the following new section, to be numbered ninety-nine, and
sections now numbered ninety-nine to one hundred and three, inclusive,
with said amendment, to be numbered one hundred to one hundred and
four respectively :
" Sect. 99. No person shall use bituminous coal for the purpose of
generating steam in boilers in any building, unless the furnace in which
said coal is burned is provided with some effectual device for consuming
its own smoke."
Approved May 7, 1892.
From the wording of the ordinance, it is evident that a de-
vice of any kind must at least be " effective " in preventing
or consuming the smoke, and the officer designated to en-
force the law is the sole judge of such effectiveness.
What is needed in this city is a new ordinance of more
definite form, authorizing proper tests and providing the
means for defraying expenses, and so regulating the use of
all fuels, soft coal, hard coal, shavings, waste, etc., included,
that better results may be obtained.
Such an ordinance should clothe the smoke-inspector with
certain power and authority, that will allow him free and un-
restricted access to all plants. It should declare in plain
terms that the emission of smoke beyond a limited degree is
a nuisance, and should regulate the settings of all boiler
plants and furnaces, and should be extended in scope to in-
clude all domestic establishments, manufacturing and indus-
trial concerns of all descriptions as far as the use of fuel is
concerned, and provide at the same time for the publication
of useful and proper information leading to the adoption of
the best methods and the least offensive fuels.
As an example of a complete and well-framed ordinance
of practical merit, the following St. Louis ordinance is
quoted :
Ordinances 17049 and 17050 relating to Smoke Prevention.
(17049.)
An ordinance declaring the emission of dense black or thick gray
smoke to be a nuisance, and to provide for the suppression thereof.
Be it ordained by the Municipal Assembly of the City of St. Louis, as
follows :
Section 1. The emission into the open air of dense black or thick
gray smoke within the corporate limits of the City of St. Louis is hereby
declared to be :i nuisance. The owners, occupants, managers, or agents
of any establishment, locomotives, or premises from which dense Black
or thick gray smoke is emitted or discharged, shall be deemed guilty of
a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall pay a line of not
less than ten nor more than fifty dollars.
166 City Document No. 34.
And each and every day wherein such smoke shall be emitted shall
constitute a separate offence.
Sect. 2. This ordinance shall take effect at the expiration of sis
months after its approval by the Mayor.
Approved February 17, 1893.
(17050.)
An ordinance authorizing and providing for the making of regulations
limiting and defining permissible smoke emissions, and for the testing
of smoke prevention devices, and for the making of such tests and ex-
periments as may be deemed advisable with a view to the abatement or
suppression of the smoke nuisance.
Be it ordained by the Municipal Assembly of the City of St. Louis, as
follows :
Section 1. The President of the Board of Public Improvements is
hereby authorized and directed to appoint, with the approval of the
Mayor, a commission composed of three competent persons, who shall
not be directly or indirectly interested in the manufacture, sale, or con-
struction of any furnace or other article having practical relation to the
jjroduction or prevention of smoke. Said commission shall ascertain by
a thorough canvas of the city, and report to the Board of Public Im-
provements within four months after their appointment, the conditions
and liabilities under which manufacturing and other parties cannot
wholly or reasonably prevent the occasional production and emission of
dense visible smoke.
Such ascertained conditions and liabilities, when approved by the
Board of Public Improvements and Mayor, shall be published, and
thereafter shall constitute instructions to guide and limit the officials
charged with the enforcement of smoke suppression ordinances. And
it shall be a valid and sufficient defence against any complaint that the
offence charged comes within such recognized conditions and liabilities.
Said commission shall conduct and make practical tests of all devices
for the prevention or suppression of smoke which shall be submitted to
them, in accordance with the conditions hereinafter set forth, and shall
prepare detailed reports, stating the facts and conclusions based thereon,
as to the efficiency of such device, the conditions of its successful opei'a-
tion, and the limitations to its efficiency. Said report shall be made
promptly, when any test is completed, to the Board of Public Improve-
ments, which report may be rejected by said Board if found to be unfair
or untrue. If accepted by said Board, the report shall be published for
the information of the public.
Said commission shall also be called upon by the President of the
Board of Public Improvements to make such tests and experiments, as
may, in his judgment, be needed to determine the applicability of
special or smokeless fuels to domestic, locomotive, or other uses, with a
view to the abatement or suppression of smoke, and shall prepai'e de-
tailed reports of the results, together with such conclusions and recom-
mendations as in their judgment may be warranted by the facts, said
reports to be made promptly, and printed for the information of the
public.
Sect. 2. The commissioners authorized by the preceding section
shall receive, in compensation for their services in ascertaining, by a
thorough canvas of the city, and reporting the conditions and liabilities
of smoke suppression, the sum of one thousand dollai's each, payable
upon the certificate of the President of the Board of Public Improve-
ments that such report has been made to and accepted by the Board of
Public Improvements. For their services in conducting testsof devices,
and making reports thereon, they shall each receive the sum of seventy-
five dollars for each device tested and reported, and for conducting the
special tests and experiments, as provided in the preceding section, one
hundred dollars for each series of tests or experiments, together with a
Street Department. 167
full report of the same. Said respective sums to be paid on the certifi-
cate of the President of the Board of Public Improvements that the
report of such test has been received and accepted by said Board.
Incidental and necessary expenses for the above-described investiga-
tions shall be allowed and paid for as other expenses of the office of the
President of the Board of Public Improvements.
Sect. 3. Any party having, or claiming to have, a plan or device
whereby smoke can be prevented or suppressed, and desiring to have
the same subjected to a practical test and determination, may do so on
the following conditions :
First. He or they shall notify, in writing, the President of the Board
of Public Improvements that such a test is desired, and with such notice
shall file a full and complete description of the device, with all neces-
sary drawings to show its character, construction, and mode of operation.
Accompanying such notice shall be a certificate of the City Treasurer
that there has been deposited with him to the account of the fund for
testing smoke-prevention device, the sum of four hundred dollars, and
said sum of four hundred dollars shall thereupon absolutely become the
property of the City of St. Louis, and no claim shall hereafter be made or
allowed to refund the same or any part thereof ; and upon the presen-
tation of the Treasurer's certificate to that effect, the President of the
Board of Public Improvements shall order the commission to make the
test.
Second. The party or parties submitting a device shall erect the same
at such place as the commission may approve, at their own cost and ex-
jjense, under their own supervision, with such provisions for the attach-
ment of instruments as the commission may require, and when iully
ready shall deliver the premises and equipment to the commission.
Third. If, after test is begun, alterations or improvements are desired
to be made, the party interested must proceed as if submitting a new
plan or device, unless the several commissioners shall each consent to
such alterations, and waive all claim for compensation for a special test.
Sect. 4. Whenever the Mayor shall be of the opinion that the public
interest does not warrant the further testing and reporting on devices,
under the authority of the City of St. Louis, he shall notify the Presi-
dent of the Board of Public Improvements to that effect, in which event
the existence of the commission hereby authorized shall terminate
when tests already in hand shall have been completed and reported as
herein provided.
Sect. 5. When the commission created by the preceding sections of
this ordinance shall have made its report as provided in section one, and
shall have found that there are practicable methods of appliances by
which the emission of dense, black, or thick gray smoke may be pre-
vented, and such report shall have been approved as hereinbefore pro-
vided; and also, when an ordinance declaring the emission of dense
black or thick gray smoke to be a nuisance, and to provide for the sup-
pression thereof shall have come into full force and effect, then the
President of the Board of Public Improvements is hereby authorized and
directed to appoint, with the approval of the Mayor, such inspectors as
may be necessary to carry out the provisions of the following section or
this ordinance. Said inspectors shall receive a salary of one hundred
dollars a month each, payable monthly.
Sect. 6. The inspectors shall have a right to enter in the perform-
ance of their duties, at reasonable hours, upon all premises other than
dwelling-houses occupied by less than four families or tenants. They
shall collect evidence of the facts in the cases of the violation of this
ordinance, declaring the emission of black or thick gray smoke to be a
nuisance, and to provide for the suppression thereof, and, with the ap-
proval of the President of the Board of Public improvements, shall re-
port I In; same to I he City Attorney for prosecution. The inspectors shall
168 City Document No. 34.
be guided in the performance of their duties by instructions given by the
Board of Public Improvements from time to time.
Approved February 17 ', 1893.
With a full and complete ordinance in operation, similar
in character to the one quoted above, but adapted to our
organization as provided by the City Charter, backed up by
an annual appropriation by the board of government, the
city of Boston might easily keep the emission of smoke
under full control, and reduce the nuisance to such a limit
that this could well be called the cleanest city in the country.
Conclusion.
On January 12, 1894, the death occurred of Mr. George
W. Forristall, Deputy Superintendent of the Sanitary Di-
vision, and formerly, for many years, the Superintendent of
the Health Department.
Mr. Forristall entered the service of the city in 1855, as
foreman of the North End yard, under his father, Mr. Ezra
Forristall, the Superintendent of Health at that time.
In 1869 Mr. Forristall was appointed Superintendent of
the Health Department, and remained in that position until
the department was abolished and consolidated with the
Street Department, in 1891, when he was appointed Deputy
Superintendent of the Sanitary Division.
Mr. Forristall was a very conscientious and painstaking
official, and was devoted to his work, making it a point to
personally inspect and oversee all details pertaining to his
division. The loss of his services to the city of Boston will
be severely felt.
Five Appendices are herewith submitted, in which will be
found the reports of the several deputy superintendents,
showing the expenditures of each division in detail. They
are as follows :
Appendix A — Bridge Division.
' <■ B — Paving Division.
'- C — Sanitary Division.
" D — Sewer Division.
' l E — Street-Cleaning Division.
" F — Former Superintendents and Document
Numbers.
I desire to extend to His Honor Mayor Nathan Matthews,
Jr., my thanks for his cooperation and support in matters
connected with the department, and to the Honorable City
Council for their liberal spirit shown in making appropria-
tions. Respectfully submitted,
H. H. Carter,
Superintendent of Streets.
STREET DEPARTMENT.
ORGANIZATION, 1893.
Central Office .... Room 47, City Hall.
HENRY H. CARTER,
Superintendent of Streets.
JOHN W. McDONALD, Purchasing Agent.
HENRY B. WOOD, Secretary and Executive Engineer.
PAVING DIVISION.
Room 41, City Hall.
CHARLES R. CUTTER, Deputy Superintendent.
BENJAMIN B. TREMERE, Chief Clerk.
SEWER DIVISION.
Room 44, City Hall.
HENRY W. SANBORN, Deputy Superintendent (ex officio, Engineer
Improved Sewerage).
FRANK H. RICE, Chief Clerk.
Engineer's Office, 12 Beacon Street.
E. S. DORR, Engineer in Charge.
SANITARY DIVISION.
12 Beacon Street.
PHILIP A. JACKSON, Acting Deputy Superintendent.
M. J. MURRAY, Chief Clerk.
STREET-CLEANING DIVISION.
14 Beacon Street.
PHILIP A. JACKSON, Deputy Superintendent.
THOMAS MCLAUGHLIN, Chief Clerk.
BRIDGE DIVISION.
14 Beacon Street.
JOHN A. MCLAUGHLIN, Deputy Superintendent.
FREDERICK H. SPRING, Chief Clerk.
BOSTON AND CAMBRIDGE BRIDGES.
HENRY II. CARTER, Commissioner for Boston (ex officio).
WILLIAM J. MARVIN, Commissioner for Cambridge.
Street Department — Bridge Division. 171
APPENDIX A.
REPORT OF THE DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
BRIDGE DIVISION.
14 Beacon Street,
Boston, February 1, 1894.
H. H. Carter, Esq., Superintendent of Streets :
Dear Sir : The following report of the expenditures, acts, aud
doiugs of the Bridge Division from February 1, 1893, to Jauuary
31, 1894, is respectfully submitted.
On February I, 1893, the sum of $135,000 was assigned to this
division for the care, maintenance, etc., of the bridges, and there
was expended the sum of $133,159.24, leaving a balance of
$1,840.76. The total number of bridges in Boston, not including
culverts, is one hundred and ten; four of these, viz., Harvard,
Canal, Prison Point, and West Boston bridge, all connecting
Cambridge, are in the care of two Commissioners, one of whom is
appointed by the City of Boston, and the other by the City of Cam-
bridge. The remainder are under the supervision of this division,
and are thus tabulated : thirty-five are wholly supported by railroad
corporations, and seventy-five are supported wholly or in part by
the City of Boston ; included in this number are twenty-three tide-
water bridges, provided with draws. The increase of two bridges
consists of one at Everett street, Allston, over tracks of Boston
& Albany Railroad, the other at Castle Island.
Embodied in the report will be found a detailed statement of
the expenditures and a description of the work performed on
each bridge ; also a tabulated arrangement of those bridges sup-
ported wholly or in part by the City of Boston ; widths of draw
openings ; widths of bridges, roadways, and sidewalks ; kind of
pavement used ; number of draw openings made for navigation ;
census of traffic taken on some of the most important bridges,
September 5, 1893, as a comparison with that taken in June, 1892,
and April, 1891 ; also an inventory of tools, vehicles, etc., on hand.
The general condition of the bridges is good, except in the fol-
lowing case: Chelsea-street bridge, from East Boston to Chelsea,
is in a decayed state and has outlived its usefulness. The follow-
ing is an extract from report of the City Engineer, 1891 : "This
is a wooden pile bridge; was originally built in 1834, was rebuilt
in 1848, and again rebuilt in 1873, and the present draw was built
in 18GS. The part of the bridge between the draw and Chelsea,
was burned in 1887. and rebuilt in a temporary manner, and
the draw is so low that it will be necessary to raise the grade of
172 City Document No. 34.
the whole bridge when a new draw is built. Estimates for rebuild-
ing this bridge were made in 1889. It is narrow and inconvenient
and the draw and its foundations are in a dangerous condition.
The travel over the bridge is increasing, and the passage of
vessels through the draw is increasing. It is a dangerous bridge,
and its rebuilding should not be delayed." The present condition
of the bridge is such that at times it requires the services of a
tow-boat to turn off the draw, and some measures should be
adopted to rebuild at the earliest opportunity.
Provision has recently been made by the City Government of
1894 for a new structure to take the place of the present Charles-
river bridge, which is worn out.
Extensive repairs have been made on Broadway bridge, to
strengthen the structure, and it is expected that soon the electric
cars will operate on the bridge, thus relieving South Boston in a
degree from the loss of Dover-street bridge during rebuilding, and
also relieving Federal street from the present arrangement of car
service, all cars now from Boston to South Boston being compelled
to run over Federal-street bridge.
The report also contains a statement of the maintenance ex-
penses of the two districts comprising the Bridge Division. A
larger amount of work has been performed than at any other
equal period of time, and the results have been highly satisfac-
tory both from the manner in which the work was performed, and
the prompt way in which material whenever ordered was de-
livered.
The operatives of the tide- water bridges have performed their
duties in an efficient manner, and have kept their houses, piers,
etc., in a clean and safe condition.
The same care has been exercised as formerly to keep on hand
duplicate sets of gearing, and no delay has been occasioned through
lack of material for repairs.
The inland bridges require muclr care, and special effort has
been made to keep them safe and clean. They have been swept
each week, and the scupper-holes kept free and clear.
Special Work.
The total amount of money so expended and charged was
$18,478.25. Of this sum $15,285.33 was paid to various persons
for material and work which could not be performed by our own
men. The balance, $3,192.92, was directly beneficial to our own
mechanics.
The report contains a description of the work performed on the
several bridges for which money was provided from special ap-
propriations.
Public Landing-Places.
The following public landing-places have been built by the city,
and are maintained and controlled by the Street Department.
Charles-river Br idg p. — Size, 40x60. Built in 1890. Moored
from city's property.
Street Department — Bridge Division. 173
Essex-street Bridge. — Size, 9x23. Built in 1890. Moored
from city's property.
East Boston, Public Landing. — Size, 18x30. Built in 1893.
Moored at dock of East Boston Dry Dock Company, dock and
flats leased at $200 per year.
Commercial Wharf. — Size, 30 x 50. Built by M. F. Sullivan ;
contract dated January 1, 1892. Moored at dock of Commercial
"Wharf Corporation. Dock and flats leased November 30, 1891,
at $1,000 per year.
Federal -.street Bridge. — Size, 20x35. Built by M. F. Sullivan,
October 26, 1892. Moored from city's property.
Cable-Houses.
The following is a list of cable-houses, on bridges in charge of
this division :
New England Telephone and Telegraph Company.
Charles-river bridge .... 2 houses.
Chelsea, south bridge .... 1 house.
Congress-street bridge .... 2 houses.
(Erected in 1882.)
American Telephone and Telegraph Company.
Federal-street bridge (erected in 1890), 1 house.
West End Street Railway Company.
Federal-street bridge .... 2 houses.
Warren bridge ..... 2 houses.
(Erected in June, 1892.)
The cable-houses that were on the Dover-street bridge were cut
off by the rebuilding of the bridge.
Very respectfully yours,
John A. McLaughlin,
Deputy Superintendent.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
Regular Appropriation.
Appropriation, 1893-4 $135,000 00
Amount of expenditures charged to Bridge Division,
February 1, 1893, to January 31, 1891 . . 133,159 24
Transferred to City Treasury, January 31, 1894 . 1,840 76
Total $135,000 00
174
City Document No. 34.
EXPENDITURES.
Administration.
Office expenses :
Printing $147 10
Stationery and postage .... 77 41
Office books 31 25
Telephone 139 30
Engraving plates, etc., annual report . 59 11
Repairs on books, etc. . . . . 65 05
Sundries 23 70
$542 92
Salaries of Deputy Superintendent, Clerks, and Mes-
senger ........ 6,145 12
Salaries of General Foreman and two District Fore-
men 5,147 50
Travelling expenses of Deputy Superintendent and
General Foreman ...... 40 00
Board of Deputy Superintendent's horse and extra
horse . . . 484 00
Amount expended, administration . . . $12,359 54
Total Regular Expenditures.
Expenditures, administration ..... $12,359 54
" on tide-water bridges . . . 90,344 78
" on inland bridges . . . . 14,660 48
" North yard and stable . . . 4,671 63
South " « . . . 11,122 81
Total amount expended for the year, February
1, 1893, to January 31, 1894 . . . $133,159 24
TIDE-WATER BRIDGES.
Broadway bridge (over Fort Point channel) .
Sheathed roadway and repaired deck where defec-
tive, put in new oak headers on draw, repaired
pier, waterway, wheel guards and latches, repaired
boat, repaired engines and painted bridge overhead
and underneath one coat.
Carpenters . . . $1,564 25
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
Hardware
666 50
1,134 70
108 61
1,514 38
12 39
Carried forward,
$5,000 83
Street Department — Bridge Division.
175
i,000 83
147 27
175 80
25 89
Brought forward,
Paint stock ....
Plumbing ....
Carpenter-work and stock
New gas service pipe .
Repairing boats .
Veterinary service (accident)
Repairing concrete walk
Teaming .
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
Substitutes .
Coal .
Gas
Water
Sand .
Lubricating oil
Hose .
Ice
Cautionary signs
Small supplies
Cambridge-street bridge
Cambridge).
Reset buoy and made small repairs on draw.
Resetting buoy ... $75 00
Ironwork .... 7 00
Hardware .... 1 40
Car-fares .... 72
60 18
14 50
69 00
5 00
36 00
$5,534
47
5,779 49
93 80
255 60
36 02
25 00
4 25
16 25
15 00
6 00
45 00
129 45
6,405
86
(from Brighton
to
1,940 33
$365
56
5
45
4
35
$84 12
Regular expenses
Draw-tender
Coal .
Small supplies
375 36
Charles-river bridge (from Boston to Charles-
town).
Repaired piles and pier, repaired deck and sheathed
draw three times, new sidewalk stringers and walk
on draw, put in trucks five times, strengthened
fence entire length of roadway, repaired engine
and waterway, reset buoy, repaired brick sidewalk,
and painted fence two coats.
Carpenters .... $1,272 07
Painters .... 246 50
Lumber . . . . 621 86
Nails and spikes . . . 21 75
459 48
Carried forward,
5,165 18
$12,399 81
176
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Ironwork
Repairing engine
Hardware
Paint stock .
Resetting buoy
Bricks, sand, etc.
52,165 18
753 33
166 49
3 83
88 94
25 00
11 60
$12,399 81
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders . . . $5,047 56
Coal .
514 20
Gas
54 70
Water .
30 75
Cordage
285 99
Bedding
5 40
Salt .
9 45
Kerosene oil
8 64
Lubricating oil
20 56
Hose .
16 25
Ice
6 00
Small supplies
80 31
5,214 37
6,079 81
Chelsea bridge [North] (over North channel,
Mystic river).
Repaired draw-tenders' house and fence, sheathed
draw and approaches twice, repaired deck where
defective, put in new rests on draw abutment,
repaired wheel-guard, put in trucks three times,
repaired piles and waterway, repaired and painted
machinery.
9,294 18
Carpenters .
$410 88
Painters
21 00
Lumber
286 72
Nails and spikes
5 85
Ironwork
226 66
Repairing engine
133 60
Hardware
5 98
Paint stock .
5 25
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders . . $3,589 04
Substitutes .
120 00
Coal .
294 75
Gas
39 37
Bedding
6 20
Salt .
5 75
Lubricating oil
17 25
Shovels
9 75
$1,095 94
Carried forward,
$4,082 11 $1,095 94 $21,693 99
Street Department — Bridge Division.
177
Brought forward,
Ice
Small supplies
)82
6
65
11
00
00
L,095 94 $21,693 99
4,153 11
Chelsea bridge [South] (over South channel,
Mystic river).
Sheathed draw twice, put in new oak headers, built
new ladder from pier to float-stage, repaired deck,
waterway, and fence, repaired and painted ma-
chinery.
Carpenters .
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
Repairing engine
Hardware
Paint stock .
Regular expenses
Draw-tenders
Substitutes .
Coal . ' .
Gas
Water .
Bedding
Salt .
Ice
Lubricating oil
Shovels
Tug, breaking ice
Small supplies
$262
5
03
00
122 47
20 25
112
64
3
4
00
17
05
75
1,386 72
87 50
250 65
27 30
12
5
5
6
4
7
24
34
$593 72
50
40
20
00
75
51
00
93
4,852 46
bridge (from East Boston to
draw.
Chelsea-street
Chelsea).
Repaired gearing and sheathed
from stock.]
Carpenters . . . . $59 00
Lumber .... 2 28
Nails and spikes ... 8 00
Ironwork . . . . 27 75
Car- fares . . . . 12 80
[Lumber
Regular expenses
Draw-tender
Small supplies
$299 00
3 53
$109 83
302 53
5,249 05
5,446 18
412 36
Can U'<1 forward,
52,801 58
178
Crrr Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Commercial Point or Tenean bridge (Dor-
chester) .
Repaired and sheathed draw, deck where defec-
tive, fence and flaps.
1,801 58
Carpenters .
$96 19
Lumber .
174 05
Nails ....
4 50
Ironwork
4 70
$279 44
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
50 0C
Congress-Street bridge (over Fort Point channel),
Sheathed draw twice, repaired deck where defec-
tive, put in new headers three times, repaired
gates, steps, fences, latches, pier, and boat, re-
paired waterway four times, also repaired en-
gines and water connections.
329 44
Carpenters .
$493 50
Painters .
22 50
Lumber
402 84
Nails and spikes .
20 50
Ironwork
533 70
Repairing engines
299 61
Hardware
6 44
Plumbing . .
186 32
Repairing buoy .
25 60
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
$5,317 09
Substitutes .
564 24
Coal ....
374 00
"Water ....
106 13
Bedding
13 80
Sand ....
7 25
Salt ....
4 50
Ice ....
6 00
Kerosene oil
20 16
Lubricating oil
20 05
Lanterns
10 83
Shovels
6 92
Hose ....
26 41
Small supplies
102 75
,991 01
Dover-Street bridge (over Fort Point channel).
Sheathed one roadway, built fence, repaired gates,
boat, waterway, water-pipes, and stable.
Carpenters . . . . $178 75
Lumber . . . . 41 23
6,580 13 8,571 14
Carried forward,
$219 98
,702 16
Street Department — Bridge Division.
179
BrougJit forward.,
Nails and spikes .
Ironwork
Hardware
Plumbing
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
Substitutes .
Coal .
Feed .
Gas
Water .
Bedding
Tan .
Lubricating oil
Ice
Horse-shoeing
Veterinary service
Small supplies
$219 98
4 50
70 40
3 08
43 25
,702 16
,375
24
651
86
32
70
151
83
19
42
15
00
18
20
22
00
38
75
6
00
29
50
29
00
51
89
$341 21
4,441 39
Essex-Street bridge (from Brighton to Cam-
bridge) .
Sheathed roadway and repaired wheel-guard and
row-boat.
4,782 60
Carpenters .
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
Hardware
Car-fares
Repairing boat
$75 00
101 56
13 00
7 45
11 45
20 00
17 80
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
$658 32
Substitute
20' 00
Coal .
10 90
Small supplies
8 56
$246 26
697 78
Federal-street bridge (over Fort Point channel) .
Sheathed both roadways, repaired pier and water-
way three times, put in trucks once, new oak
headers on draw twice, repaired motor-house and
draw-tenders' house, repaired boat, machinery, and
water-pipes, and painted bridge underneath one
coat.
Carpenters . . . . $178 43
Painters .... 396 50
944 04
Carried forward,
$574 93
$47,428 80
180
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
Hardware
Paint stock .
Plumbing
Repairing roofs of draw-ten-
ders' and motor houses
Repairing buildings, carpen-
ters' bills for labor and stock,
Repairing boat
Regular expenses
Draw-tenders
Substitutes
Coal .
Gas .
Water .
Lubricating oil
Hose .
Motor-house pans
Ice
Portable furnace
Small supplies
$574 93
299 83
13 45
346 47
26 43
91 29
124 50
52 10
$47,428 80
184
01
18
85
,247
69
195
00
53
25
54
13
15
00
23
90
25
89
40
00
6
00
110
40
39
03
51,731 86
6,810 29
Granite bridge (from Dorchester to Milton).
Put in new deck and sheathed the same, also new
flaps on draw.
$305 37
243 55
L-street bridge (over reserved channel at junc-
tion of Congress and L streets).
Repaired damage done to pier, and repaired build-
ings.
Carpenters . . . . $111 25
Watchman during building of
bridge b} 7 the City Fmgi-
neer . . . . 740 25
Lumber . . . . 17 30
8,542 15
Carpenters .
$192 25
Lumber
85 44
Nails and spikes .
4 75
Ironwork
22 03
Hardware
90
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
$239 20
Small supplies
4 35
548 92
Carried forward,
$868 80
1,519 87
Street Department — Bridge Division.
181
Brought forward,
Hardware
Paint stock .
Plumbing
Carpenters' bill
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
Substitutes .
Watchman .
Coal
Water .
Small supplies
$868
80
16
35
9
39
11
62
105
00
$322
14
519
03
635
00
58
70
2
50
33
90
$56,519 87
$1,011 16
1,571 27
Maiden bridge (from Charlestown to Everett).
Sheathed draw, put in new oak headers, repaired
wheel-guard, waterway, aud latches, painted house
and bridge one coat.
Carpenters .
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
Hardware
Paint stock .
Car-fares
Plumbing
Regular expenses
Draw- tenders
Substitutes .
Coal .
Gas
Bedding
Salt .
Lubricating oil
Ice
Small supplies
$419
13
147
50
361
50
70
65
48
72
2
00
48
27
37
25
4
34
2,791
36
280
00
37
40
17
40
3
10
3
70
5
00
6
00
46
66
,139 36
3,190 62
Meridian-street bridge (from East Boston to
Chelsea).
Sheathed draw twice, repaired sidewalk, latches,
stable, road-gates, and waterway, put in new rack,
repaired machinery and gear.
Carpenters .... $572 14
Painters .... 3 00
Lumber .... 278 79
Nails and spikes . . . 27 00
2,582 43
4,329 98
Carried forward,
$880 93
;,i;;2 28
182
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
$880 93
Ironwork
591 92
Hardware
2 32
Plumbing
36 98
Car-fares
31 97
Damage to tug
275 17
$1,819 29
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
. $2,037 99
Substitutes .
. 1,192 50
Coal .
27 25
Feed .
118 80
•
Gas .
19 00
Horse-shoeing
31 50
Veterinary service
69 00
Repairing stove .
19 05
Lubricating oil
10 00
Hose .
7 56
Ice
6 00
Small supplies
56 22
3,594 87
venue bridge (
Mt. Waskington-a
aver Fort
!,432 28
5,414 16
Point channel.)
Sheathed draw twice, repaired wheel-guard, piers,
latches, and draw-tender's house, put in new oak
headers on draw twice, set one new and one old
buo}', repaired row-boat and also water-pipes.
Carpenters .
$467 88
Painters
7 50
Lumber
139 09
Nails and spikes .
5 00
Ironwork
68 29
Hardware
14 63
Plumbing
106 83
Repairing and setting buoy
. ' 114 08
Repairing boat
12 50
tw^ 8
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
$4,780 20
Substitutes .
173 29
Coal ....
36 90
Gas .
64 75
Water.
5 00
Rent of land
60 00
Bedding
16 80
Hose ....
15 06
Lubricating oil
13 00
Ice ....
6 00
Shovels . . .
6 01
Carried forward,
^5,177 01
15 80
i,846 44
Steeet Department — Bridge Division.
183
Brought forward,
Salt . * ,
Sand ....
Small supplies
$5,177 01
4 50
7 00
54 71
$935 80
5 943 22
Neponset bridge (from Dorchester to* Quincy).
Sheathed roadway 'and repaired deck where defec-
tive, repaired flaps, piers, waterway, and row-
boat, also reset buoy.
Carpenters .
$153 94
Lumber
125 87
Nails and spikes .
7 70
Ironwork
9 85
Car-fares
10 00
Resetting buoy
77 35
Repairing boat
26 40
$411 11
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
. $382 40
New row-boat
45 00
Small supplies
9 75
437 15
North Beacon-street bridge (from Brighton to
Watertown).
Repaired sheathing and deck where defective, put in
new latches, sheathed draw, and painted bridge
one coat.
Carpenters
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes .
Ironwork
Paint stock .
Car-fares
$70
75
78
50
118
75
6
75
44
88
21
51
5
92
Regular expenses
Draw-tender .
$347 06
74 88
North Harvard-street bridge (from Brighton
to Cambridge).
Sheathed draw and roadway and repaired deck where
defective, painted draw-tender's house and bridge
one coat.
Carpenters
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes
Ironwork
$25
00
135
75
41
13
29
30
2
00
$68,846 44
6,179 02
848 26
421 94
Carried forward,
233 18
176,295 GG
184
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Paint stock
Car-fares
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender .
233
18
35
14
80
$76,295 66
$269 12
365 56
Warreil bridge (from Boston to Charlestown) .
Sheathed easterly draw five times, westerly draw
four times, put in new deck on westerly draw,
new oak headers on both draws twice, put in
trucks six times, I'eset tracks and repaired track
timbers in pit, repaired fence, road-gates, engine-
house, waterway, engines, water connections,
boilers, and painted road-gates.
Carpenters
Painters
Lumber
Nails and spikes .
Ironwork
Repairing engines
Hardware
Paint stock .
Plumbing
$728
77
915
39
489
228
4
15
66
50
75
25
70
23
93
16
00
45
Regular expenses :
Draw-tenders
Substitutes .
217 50
Coal .
855 50
Gas
116 40
"Water .
50 00
Bedding
18 00
Sand .
3 75
Salt .
8 75
Lubricating oil
19 75
Hose .
33 44
Ladder
22 61
Shovels
10 52
Ice
6 00
Clock .
7 00
Small supplies
53 11
!,564 97
bridge
6,366 64
(from Brighton to
Western-avenue
Cambridge) .
Sheathed draw and roadway, put in new flaps, re-
paired fence, piles, and waterway, and painted
bridge one coat.
Carpenters .... $285 50
Painters . . . . 134 50
634 68
8,931 61
Carried forward,
$420 00
II -95
Street Department — Bridge Division.
185
Brought forivard,
Lumber
Ironwork
Paint stock .
Car-fares
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
Coal .
Stove-pipe .
$420 00
114 68
20 56
33 82
13 94
8365 56
5 45
5 07
55,861 95
$603 00
376 08
Western-avenue bridge (from Brighton to
Watertown).
New draw-chains and repairing old one.
New chains ....
Ironwork ....
04 40
4 75
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
Winthrop bridge
Winthrop) .
Painted bridge one coat.
Painters
Paint stock .
Carfares
Regular expenses :
Draw-tender
Small supplies
15
74 88
(from Breed's Island to
.82 25
37 60
5 80
$100 00
1 25
>5 65
101 25
Sundry expenditures on tide-water bridges.
Tug-hire .... $35 00
Car-fares, mechanics . . 179 42
Lumber, sundry repairs . 119 53
Nails, sundry repairs . . 18 00
Regular expenses :
Chief draw-tender (37
week
s)
, $1,295
00
Messenger .
782
34
Lubricating oil, suppl
ies
616
50
Galvanized barrels
24
00
Stationery .
8
95
Printing
4
08
Car-fares
10
00
551 95
2,740 87
979 08
84 03
326 90
3,092 82
Total expended on tide-water bridges .
$90,344 78
186
City Document No. 34.
RECAPITULATION.
Table showing Expenditures on the Tide-water Bridges for the
Tear, February 1, 1893, to January 31, 1894.
Name of Bridge.
Repairs, labor, Regular ex-
lumber, iron- penses, sal-
work, and aries, fuel, and
painting. supplies.
Broadway
Cambridge street
Charles river
Chelsea (North) .:.....
Chelsea (South)
Chelsea street
Commercial Point
Congress street
Dover street
Essex street
Federal street
Granite
E street
Maiden
Meridian street . . i
Mt. Washington avenue ...... • .
Neponset
North Beacon street . . •
North Harvard street
Warren •
Western avenue (to Cambridge) . . .
Western avenue (to Water-town) . . . .
Winthrop
Chief draw-tender, and sundry expendi
tures
Totals
£5,534 47
84 12
3,214 37
1,095 94
593 72
109 83
279 44
1,991 01
341 21
246 26
1,731 86
305 37
1,011 16
1,139 36
1,819 29
935 80
411 11
347 06
269 12
2,564 97
603 00
9 15
225 65
351 95
25,215 22
^6,405 86
375 36
6,079 81
4,153 11
4,852 46
302 53
50 00
6,580 13
4,441 39
697 '78
6,810 29
243 55
1,571 27
3,190 62
3,594 87
5,243 22
437 15
74 88
365 56
6,366 64
376 08
74 88
101 25
2,740 87
35,129 56
11,940 33
459 48
9,294 18
5,249 05
5,446 18
412 36
329 44
8,571 14
4,782 60
944 04
8,542 15
548 92
2,582 43
4,329 98
5,414 16
6,179 02
848 26
421 94
634 68
8,931 61
979 08
84 03
326 90
3,092 82
),344 78
Street Department — Bridge Division. 187
INLAND BRIDGES.
Albany-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad).
Sheathed roadway
Carpenters .
Watchman
Lumber
Nails .
$71
00
10
00
99
86
4
50
Askland-street bridge (over New York, New
Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence Div'n) .
New deck laid, sheathed the same, and painted bridge
one coat.
Painters $180 00
Paint stock 38 92
Car-fares 10 00
Atlantic avenue (at Commercial Wharf) .
Built new bulkhead, rebuilt about twenty feet of
sidewalk, new fender-guards, and repaired fence.
Carpenters ...... $181 25
Lumber . ' 125 81
Ironwork . . . . . . 35 11
Beacon-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad) .
Sheathed roadways, repaired sidewalks and fences.
Carpenters ...... $33 50
Lumber ...... 133 15
Nails 4 50
Beacon-street bridge (over outlet to Back Bay
Fens).
Sheathed roadway.
Carpenters ...... $16 44
Lumber . . . . . . 74 51
Nails 4 20
$185 36
228 92
342 17
171 15
95 15
. Berkeley-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad).
Repointing underpinning ... 373 50
Berkeley-street bridge (over New York, New
Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence Div'n).
Sheathed roadways twice, repaired deck where de-
fective, built new sidewalks, pointed abutments,
and painted bridge underneath one coat.
Carpenters $860 49
Painters 241 75
Watchman 17 50
Carried forward, $1,119 74 $1,896 25
188
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Lumber
Nails .
Ironwork
Hardware
Paint stock
Pointing abutments
Teaming
Cement and sand .
Blakemore-street bridge (over New York, New
Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence Div'n) .
Painted bridge underneath and top one coat.
Painters $188 25
Paint stock 46 41
Cleaning rust 60 00
Car-fares 10 00
$1,119
74
914
85
53
45
32
56
4
85
125
19
307
00
78
00
6
00
,396 25
Boylstoil-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad).
Repaired sheathing, and painted bridge underneath
and top two coats.
Carpenters ...... $25,00
Painters ...... 217 25
Lumber 19 78
Paint stock 31 01
Broadway bridge (over Boston & Albany Rail-
road).
Sheathed roadway.
Carpenters ...... $54 00
Lumber 149 16
Nails 9 00
Byron-street bridge (over Boston, Revere Beach,
& Lynn Railroad).
Sheathed roadway, and painted bridge underneath
and top one coat.
Carpenters $27 50
Painters 37 50
Lumber ...... 85 65
Nails 4 50
Paint stock 50 22
Car-fares 7 20
Canterbury-street bridge (over Stony brook).
Laid new deck and sheathed the same.
Carpenters ...... $70 83
Lumber 93 38
Nails 9 50
2,641 64
304 66
293 04
212 16
212 57
173 71
Carried forward,
i,234 03
Street Department — Bridge Division.
189
Brought forward,
Cass-street culvert, West Roxbury.
Put in new deck.
Carpenters .....
Lumber .....
$11 00
23 22
Central-avenue bridge
(from Dorchester to
Milton).
Repaired sheathing.
Carpenters .
$10 75
Lumber
37 48
Car- fares
10 00
Columbus-avenue bridge (over Boston &
Albany Railroad).
Sheathed roadway and repaired sidewalk.
Carpenters $57 25
Lumber 94 50
Nails 4 50
Congress street (South Boston).
Built new plank-walk and fence.
[For balance expended see *' Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 6." ]
(Work uncompleted.)
Carpenters . . ' . . . . $371 00
Lumber 2 28
Tools 24 05
Nails 7 50
Cottage-street [foot] bridge (from
Point to Wood Island).
Watchman (permanently employed)
Coal .......
Car- fares . . . . .
Displacement of tide-water .
Jeffries
$728 00
5 45
84
18 80
Dartmouth-street bridge (over Boston & Al-
bany Railroad and Providence Division of New
York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad).
Sheathed roadway.
Carpenters . . . . . . $61 70
Lumber . . . . . . 173 30
Nails 9 00
Dorchester-street bridge (over New York,
New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Plymouth &
Taunton Division).
Sheathed roadway and made repairs.
Carpenters ...... $5 00
$5,234 03
54 22
58 23
156 25
404 83
753 09
244 00
Carried forward,
$5 00 $6,884 65
190
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward, $5 00
Paid bill of N.Y., N.H., & H. Railroad
for carpenter-work and labor, being
one-fifth, or city's part . . . 94 48
Elmwood-street bridge (over Stony brook) .
Sheathed roadway and put in new deck.
Carpenters $63 75
Lumber ...... 55 46
Nails 7 25
Ferdinand-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad).
Repaired and pointed abutments and wings.
Masons' bill
Gold-street [foot] bridge (over New York &
New England Railroad) .
Repaired roadway.
Carpenters . . . . . . . $10 00
Lumber ...... 1 30
Huntington-avenue bridge (over Boston &
Albany Railroad).
Sheathed roadways, rebuilt sidewalks, repointed
abutments, and painted bridge underneath and
top.
Carpenters .
$306 83
Painters
239 00
Watchman .
27 50
Lumber
373 35
Nails
12 25
Paint stock .
46 67
Pointing abutments
88 25
Cleaning rust
18 00
Teaming
42 00
Hyde Park-avenue bridge (over Stony brook) .
Sheathed roadway, repaired deck where defective,
and repaired fence.
Carpenters ...... $41 33
Lumber 50 73
Nails 4 50
Irvington-street [foot] bridge (over New
York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad).
Painted bridge underneath and top.
Painters $112 50
Paint stock 16 68
1,884 65
99 48
126 46
288 75
11 30
1,153 85
96 56
129 18
Carried forward,
5,790 23
Street Department — Bridge Division.
191
Brought forivard,
Jamaica-street culvert (West Roxbmy).
Repaired deck and sheathing.
Carpenters ...... $14 38
Lumber 16 25
Leyden-street bridge (over Boston, Revere
Beach, & Lynn Railroad).
Sheathed roadway and painted bridge underneath
and top.
Carpenters . $40 00
Painters
Lumber
Nails .
Paint stock .
Car-fares
Long wood-avenue bridge (from Roxbury to
Brookline).
Repaired sheathing and sidewalk, and put in new
wheel-guard.
Carpenters ...... $33 50
Watchman 5 00
Lumber 22 87
Nails ....... 2 25
149
00
68
12
4
50
99
99
7
40
Shawmut-avenue bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad ) .
Sheathed roadway.
Carpenters $93 57
Lumber ...... 121 25
Nails 11 25
Swett-street bridge (east of New York & New
England Railroad).
(For description of work done see " Street Improve-
ments, Aldermanic District No. 7." )
Carpenters $25 50
Lumber ...... 8 96
Swett-street bridge (west of New York & New
England Railroad).
Sheathed roadway, put in new deck, new sidewalk,
and wheel-s;uards.
$8,790 23
30 63
369 01
63 62
226 07
34 46
Carpenters ....
$132 00
Watchman ....
15 00
Lumber ....
181 41
Nails
11 75
Ironwork ....
18 61
358 77
Carried forward,
1,872 79
192
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
West Chester-park bridge (over Boston &
Albany Railroad).
For description of work done see ' k Street Im-
provements, Aldermanic District No. 9.")
Teaming: ...... $93 00
1,872 79
60 00
15 30
3 15
33 00
Cleaning rust
Ironwork
Nails
Rebolting iron, etc
West Chester-park bridge (over
New Haven, & Hartford Railroad,
Division.)
Put in new deck, sheathed the same,
sidewalks and fence, painted bridge
and top one coat.
Carpenters
Painters
Watchman
Lumber
Nails .
Ironwork
Paint stock .
Cleaning rust
Fixture for tool-house
Teaming:
West Newton-street bridge (over New York,
New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence
Division.)
Sheathed roadway and painted bridge underneath
Carpenters
Painters
New York,
Provide
me
rebuilt two
underneath
$618
50
354
63
49
00
177
02
36
00
10<S
84
140
or
60
00
28
75
48
00
Lumber
Nails
Paint stock
$31 93
26 (i0
73 75
4 50
15 70
West Rutland-square (foot) bridge (over New
York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Provi-
dence Division).
Painted bridge underneath and top.
Painters $70 50
Paint stock 16 68
Williams-street culvert (West Roxbury).
Repaired deck and sheathed the same.
Carpenters . . . . • • $7 19
Lumber 16 59
204 45
1,620 75
151 88
87 18
23 78
Carried forward,
$11,960 83
Street Department — Bridge Division.
193
Brought forward,
Williams-street bridge (over Stony brook) .
Repaired deck where defective and sheathed the
same.
Carpenters ...... $41 75
Lumber 43 19
Nails ....... 2 25
Sundry expenditures on Inland Bridges :
Labor, bridge-cleaners .
Labor on snow
Teaming snow
Sundry car-fares, mechanics
Sand for slippery walks
Salt ....
Bolton-street bridge, small repairs
Cornwall-street bridge, "
Brookline-avenue bridge "
.1,960 83
,423
76
837
41
189
00
89
71
35
75
22
40
5
00
4
86
4
57
87 19
Total expended on Inland Bridges
2,612 46
$14,660 48
RECAPITULATION.
Table showing Expenditures on the Inland Bridges fur the Year,
February 1, 1893, to January 31, 1894.
Name of Bridge.
Albany street ......
Ashland street ......
Atlantic avenue (sidewalk) ....
Beacon street (over Boston & Albany Railroad)
Beacon street (over Outlet) ....
Berkeley street (over Boston & Albany Railroad)
Berkeley street (over New York, New Haven,
Hartford Railroad, Providence Division)
Blakemore street ......
Boylston street (over Boston & Albany Railroad)
Broadway (over Boston & Albany Railro
Byron street .
Canterbury street .
Cass street
Central avenue
Columbus avenue .
Congress street (plank-walk)
Cottage stieet
Dartmouth street .
Dorchester street .
Elm wood street
Carried forward,
ad)
Repairs, Labor,
Lumber, Ironwork,
and Painting.
$185
36
228
92
342
17
171
15
95
15
373
>
50
2,641
304
64
66
293
04
212
16
212
57
173
71
34
22
58
23
156
25
404
83
753
09
244
00
99
48
L26
46
r ,110 59
194
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Ferdinand street
Gold street
Huntington avenue
Hyde Park avenue
Irviugton street
Jamaica street
Leyden street
Longwood avenue
Shawniut avenue
Swett street (East)
Swett street (West)
West Chester park (over Boston & Albany
West Chester park (over New York, New Haven, &
Hartford Railroad, Providence Division)
West Newton street
West Rutland square
Williams street (culvert)
Williams street (over Stony brook)
Sundry expenditures
Total ....
Railroad) ,
$7,110
59
288
75
11
30
1,153
85
96
56
129
18
30
63
369
01
63
62
226
07
34
46
358
77
, 204
45
s
1,620
75
151
88
87
18
23
78
87
19
2,612
46
. $14,660 48
REGULAR MAINTENANCE EXPENSES AT NORTH AND
SOUTH YARDS.
North Yard, District No. 1,
Warren Bridge.
Messenger .
$797 68
Watchman
728 00
Tools for carpenters
131 15
Tools for painters
29 42
Telephone
156 15
Gas
59 71
Steam apparatus .
84 58
Two hydraulic jacks
315 00
Painting signs
10 80
Office desk .
19 00
Street horses
60 25
Repairing buildings
28 54
Waste ....
13 20
Ice
6 00
Brooms
5 25
Ladder .
6 25
Soap
7 38
Small supplies
72 90
$2,531 26
Carried forward,
52,531 26
Street Department — Bridge Division.
195
Brought forward,
Teamster
Hostler .
Feed .
Repairing wagons
Horse-shoeing
Repairing harness
Clipping horses
Water .
Small supplies
Stable, District No. 1.
£791 25
591 50
337 61
82 82
124 50
78 20
9 00
20 00
105 49
Amount expended, North Yard and stable
!,531 26
2,140 37
54,671 63
Stable, District No.
Teamster
Hostler
Feed .
Repairing wagons
Repairing buggy
Harness and repair
Horse-shoeing
Four horses .
Vegetable food
Clipping horses
New buggy .
Carried forward,
South Yard, District No. 2.
Foundry Street.
Messenger
Yardman
Watchmen
Tools for carpenters
Tools for painters
Telephone
Plumbing
Coal .
Two hydraulic jacks
Ice
Painters' locker
Repairing buildings
Street horses
Temporary paint-shop
Brooms
Small supplies
Stock, white-lead and linseed-oil
00
600 00
1,126 50
124 97
150 60
131 50
364 71
54 50
315 00
6 00
46 25
478 53
40 11
115 50
32 75
102 88
523 75
2.
$813
75
780
00
623
86
785
91
170
45
630
20
212
25
1,200
00
225
00
33
00
200
00
,,998 55
$5,671 12
,'.i'.i.s .-,;,
196
City Document No. 34.
Brought forivard,
Water . . .
Veterinary service .
Rent of stable (2 mos.)
Two new sleighs .
Use of buggy
Blankets
Small supplies
Amount expended, South Yard and stable,
$5,674
42
.
00
5
00
100
00
190
00
14
00
8
75
117
09
$4,998 55
6,124 26
511,122 81
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS.
Berkeley-street bridge (over Boston & Albany
Railroad).
Building new iron fence on top of girders.
Iron railing, as agreed .... $400 00
Labor, altering railing . . . . 33 75
Amount expended
$433 75
Broadway bridge.
Strengthening and improving Broadway Bridge,
over Fort Point channel.
Advertising $36 51
Inspector 124 25
Lumber (labor on same paid out of reg-
ular appropriation) . . . . 1,169 28
Repairing iron gates and fence . . 317 75
Contract with W. L. Miller,
for work done and material
furnished . . . $5,337 00
Extra work ordered :
Rebuilding old stable and floor, 211 14
Labor and material in B. & A.
R.R. yard .
Bolts and wrench
15 per cent, added
5,851 07
197
14
38
74
67
05
Amount expended ..... $7,498 86
Transferred to Bedford and Kingston streets, Jan-
uary 31, 1894 1,220 00
Transferred to sewer between Roslindale and West
Roxbury, January 31, 1894 ..... 280 00
Balance 1,001 14
Loan
$10,000 00
Street Department — Bridge Division. 197
Congress-street bridge guard.
Repairing fender-guard.
Contract with Josiah Shaw, for work done and mate-
rial furnished $1,781 00
Extra work ordered, rebolting low-water spurshore
and repairing fender at angles near draw open-
ing . 90 00
Amount expended $1,871 00
Appropriation .... . . $534 31
Furnished from appropriation, Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 6 ..... 1,336 69
Total ........ $1,871 00
Dover-street bridge (over Fort Point channel) .
Advertisements (old iron for sale) . . . . $51 10
Congress street.
Building new plank-walk from B street southeast-
erly.
[See regular appropriation for balance expended.]
(Work uncompleted.)
Carpenters ...... $555 25
Lumber ...... 574 49
1,129 74
Charged to Street Improvements, Aldermanic Dis-
trict No. 6 .... $1,180 84
West Chester-park bridge (over New York,
New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence
Division) .
[For description of work done, see West Chester-
park bridge, regular appropriation.]
Lumber . *" . ' $410 22
Berkeley-street bridge (over New York, New
Havcm, & Hartford Railroad, Providence Divis-
ion).
Laid new concrete sidewalk on southerly side.
[For balance of description of work done, see
Berkeley-street bridge, regular appropriation.]
Lumber 323 19
New concrete sidewalk .... 553 19
876 38
Charged to Street Improvements, Aldermanic Dis-
trict No. 5 $1,286 60
198
City Document No. 34.
Swett-street bridge (east of New York &
New England Railroad).
Sheathed roadway, laid new deck, built new side-
walks and wheel-guards.
Carpenters $398 50
Lumber . . . . . . 825 25
Nails and spikes 30 55
Swett-street bridge (west of New York &
New England Railroad) .
[For description of work done, see Swett-street
bridge, regular appropriation.]
Carpenters . . ' . . . . $12 25
Lumber ...... 24 14
Nails and spikes ..... 2 25
Charged to Street Improvements, Aldermanic Dis-
trict No. 7 .
West Chester-park bridge (over Boston &
Albany Railroad) .
Sheathed roadways, put in new deck, laid new con-'
crete sidewalks on both sides, and painted bridge
underneath and top.
Carpenters $1,545 67
Painters
"Watchman
Granite work
Lumber
Nails
Ironwork
Paint stock .
Cement, sand, etc
New concrete sidewalks
Charged to Street Improvements, Aldermanic Dis-
trict No. 9
Recapitulation.
Amounts charged to Special Appropriations :
Berkeley-street Bridge .....
Broadway Bridge ......
Congress-street Bridge guard ....
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 6
" " " " No. 5
U <C <c u n 0# 7
" « " " No. 9
593
75
87
50
1,150
54
1,057
29
33
45
53
34
130
00
16
13
246
59
,254 SO
38 64
,292 94
,,914 26
75
7,498 86
534 31
2,517 53
1,286 60
1,292 94
4,914 26
Total
!,478 25
Street Department — Bridge Division. 199
LIST OF BOSTON BRIDGES.
I. — Bridges wholly supported bt Boston.
In the list those marked with au asterisk are over navigable
waters, and are each provided with a draw.
Agassiz road, in Back Bay Fens.
Allston, over Boston & Albany Railroad at Cambridge street,
Brighton.
Ashland street, over N. Y., N. H., & H. Railroad, Providence
Division, West Roxbury.
Athens street, over N. Y. & N. E. Railroad.
Beacon entrance, Back Bay Fens, over Boston & Albany Rail-
road.
Beacon street, over outlet to Back Bay Fens.
Beacon street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Berkeley street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Berkeley street, over N. Y., N. H., & H. Railroad, Providence
Division.
Blakemore street, over N. Y.,N. H., & H. Railroad, Providence
Division, West Roxbury.
Bolton street, over N. Y. & N. E. Railroad.
Boylston street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Boylston street, over outlet to Back Bay Fens.
*Broadway, over Fort Point Channel.
Broadway, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Brookline avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Byron street, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad.
*Castle Island, from Marine park, South Boston, to Castle Island.
*Charles river, from Boston to Charlestown.
*Chelsea (South), over South Channel, Mystic river.
*Chelsea street, from East Boston to Chelsea.
Columbus avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
*Commercial Point, or Tenean, Dorchester.
Commonwealth avenue, over outlet to Back Bay Fens.
*Congress street, over Fort Point Channel.
Cornwall street, over Stony brook, West Roxbury.
Cottage Farm, Brighton.
Cottage-street foot-bridge, over flats, East Boston.
Dartmouth street, over Boston & Albany, and Providence Division
of N. Y., N. H., & EL Railroad.
*Dover street, over Fort Point Channel.
*Federal street, over Fort Point Channel.
Fen, Back Bay Fens.
Ferdinand street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Franklin-street foot-bridge, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Gold-street foot-bridge, over N. Y. & N. E. Railroad.
Huntington avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
200 City Document No. 34.
Irvington-street foot-bridge, over N. Y., N. EL, & EI. Railroad,
Providence Division.
*L street, over Reserved Channel at juuction of Congress and L
streets.
Leyden street, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad.
Linden Park street, over Stony brook.
*Malden, from Charlestown to Everett.
*Meridian street, from East Boston to Chelsea.
*Mt. Washington avenue, over Fort Point Channel.
Neptune road, over Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad.
Public Garden foot-bridge.
Shawmut avenue, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Stony Brook, Back Bay Fens.
Swett street, east of N. Y. & N. E. Railroad.
Swett street, west of N. Y. & N. E. Railroad.
* Warren, from Boston to Charlestown.
West Chester park, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
West Chester park, over N. Y., N. H., & H. Railroad, Providence
Division.
West Newton street, overN. Y., N. H., & H. Railroad, Providence
Division.
West Rutland square foot-bridge, over N. Y., N. H., & H. Rail-
road, Providence Division.
Winthrop, from Breed's Island to Winthrop.
II. — Bridges of which Boston supports the Part within its
Limits.
*Cambridge street, from Brighton to Cambridge.
Central avenue, from Dorchester to Milton.
*Chelsea (North), from Charlestown to Chelsea.
*Essex street, from Brighton to Cambridge.
*Granite, from Dorchester to Milton.
Longwood avenue, from Roxbury to Brookline.
Mattapan, from Dorchester to Milton.
Milton, from Dorchester to Milton.
*Neponset, from Dorchester to Quincy.
*North Beacon street, from Brighton to Watertown.
*North Harvard street, from Brighton to Cambridge.
Spring street, from West Roxbury to Dedham.
*Western avenue, from Brighton to Cambridge.
* Western avenue, from Brighton to Watertown.
III. — Bridges of which Boston pays a Part of the Cost of
Maintenance.
Albany street, over Boston & Albany Railroad.
Dorchester street, over N. Y., N. EL, & H. Railroad, Plymouth and
Taunton Division.
Everett street, over Boston & Albany Railroad, Brighton.
Steeet Department — Bridge Division. 2U1
*Harvard, from Boston to Cambridge.
*Canal, from Boston to Cambridge.
*Prisou Point, from Charlestown to Cambridge.
*\Vest Boston, from Boston to Cambridge.
The last four bridges are in the care of two Commissioners,
one of whom is appointed by the City of Cambridge and the other
by the City of Boston.
IV. — Bridges supported by Railroad Corporations.
1st. — Boston & Albany Railroad.
Harrison aveune.
Market street, Brighton.
Tremont street.
Washington slreet.
2d. — Boston & Maine Railroad, Eastern Division.
Mystic avenue.
Main street.
3d. — Boston & Maine Railroad, Western Division.
Mystic avenue.
Main street.
4th. — Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn Railroad.
Everett street.
5th. — Neiv Yurk & New England Railroad.
Dorchester avenue.
Harvard street, Dorchester.
Morton tk "
Norfolk " " •
Norfolk " "
Silver street.
Washington street, Dorchester.
West Broadway.
West Fifth street.
West Fourth street.
West Second street.
West Sixth street.
West Third street.
202 City Document No. 34.
6th. — New York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Plymouth
a?id Taunton Division.
Adams street.
Ashmont street and Dorchester avenue.
Cedar Grove Cemetery.
Freeport street.
Savin Hill avenue.
7th. — New York, New Haven, & Hartford Railroad, Providence
Division.
Beech street, West Roxbury.
Bellevue street, West Roxbury.
Canterbury street. West Roxbury.
Centre street, or Hog Bridge, West Roxbury.
Centre and Mt. Vernon streets, West Roxbury.
Dudley avenue, West Roxbury.
Park street, West Roxbury.
Recapitulation.
I. Number wholly supported by Boston ... 55
II. Number of which Boston supports the part within its
limits ... 14
III. Number of which Boston pays a part of the cost of
maintenance ....... 7
IV. Number supported by railroad corporations :
1. Boston & Albany ...... 4
2. Boston & Maine, Eastern Division . . 2
3. " " Western Division . . 2
4. Boston, Revere Beach, & Lynn ... 1
5. New York & New England . . . . 13
6. New York, New Haven, & Hartford, Plymouth
and Taunton Division .... 5
7. New York, New Haven, & Hartford, Provi-
dence Division ..... 7
Total number 110
The existing regulations for the passage of vessels through
drawbridges have been posted on the several bridges, as required
by law.
The records of the number of draw-openings, vessels passing
through the bridges', time of passage, kind of vessels, number
laden with cargo, etc., as kept by the draw tenders of the several
bridges, have been tabulated, and the totals are given in the
summary, which will be found in Appendices Al and A6.
A list of widths of openings for vessels in all bridges provided
Street Department — Bridge Division. 203
with draws in the city, measurements being furnished by the City
Engineer, will be found in Appendix A2.
Appendix A3 is a table, also made by the City Engineer, show-
ing widths of bridges, kind of roadways, sidewalks, etc.
A list of culverts and small bridges will be found in Appendix
A4.
Appendix A5 contains a tabulated statement of traffic.
204
City Document No. 34.
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City Document No. 34.
APPENDIX A2.
Table showing 1 the Widths of Opening's for Vessels in all
Bridges provided with Draws, in the City of Boston,
January, 1894.
Name of Bridge.
Location.
o oc
Width.
Boston & Maine R.R., Eastern
Boston to Charlestown .
Over Miller's river . . .
1
1
35 feet 10 inches.
Boston & Maine R.R., Eastern
35 " 11 "
Boston & Maine R.R. (freight),
Southern Division .......
Boston to East Cambridge
1
40 " 4 "
Boston & Maine R.R. (passenger) ,
a a << <<
1
35 " 10 "
Boston & Maine R.R., Western
Boston to Charlestown .
Over Miller's river . . .
Over Fort Point channel,
1
1
1
39 " 7 "
Boston & Maine R.R., Western
35 " 9 "
43 " 3 "
Brighton to Cambridge .
1
36 " 3 "
Boston to East Cambridge
1
35 " 11 "
Boston to Charlestown .
Charlestown to Chelsea .
1
1
36 " "
Chelsea (south channel)
38 " 9 "
Chelsea (north channel) .....
<i it <<
1
44 " 10 "
Chelsea st. (East Boston side) . . .
East Boston to Chelsea .
2
33 " 1 "
« II M «
34 " 3 "
Commercial point (or Tenean) . .
1
24 " "
Congress street (Boston side) . . .
Over Fort Point channel,
2
43 " 3 "
" " (South Boston side) .
(I << H >c
43 " 11 "
(t (( « <<
Rebuilding.
Brighton to Cambridge .
Over Fort Point channel,
Boston to Charlestown .
1
1
1
1
35 feet 9 inches.
41 " 10 "
36 " "
" " (for teaming freights)
35 " 11 "
Street Department — Bridge Division.
207
Table showing- Width of Opening's, etc — Concluded.
Name of Bridge.
Grand Junction R.R
a a a
Granite
Harvard (Boston side)
" (Cambridge side) ....
L street
Maiden
Meridian st. (East Boston side) . .
" " (Chelsea side) . . . .
Mt. Washington ave. (Boston side) .
" " " (South Boston
side) . . .
Neponset
New York & New England R.R.
(Boston side)
New York & New England R.R.
(South Boston side)
New York & New England R.R. . .
North Beacon street
North Harvard street
New York, New Haven, & Hart-
ford R.R
New York, New Haven, & Hart-
ford R.R
Prison Point
Warren
West Boston (Boston side) . . . .
" " (Cambridge side) . .
Western avenue
Location.
Brighton to Cambridge
East Boston to Chelsea
Dorchester to Milton .
Boston to Cambridge .
a a a
Over Reserved channel
South Boston ....
Charlestown to Everett
East Boston to Chelsea
<( ■< K <<
Over Fort Point channel,
Dorchester to Quincy . .
Over Fort Point channel,
it a a Ci
Over South Bay . . . .
Brighton to Watertown .
Brighton to Cambridge .
Over Fort Point channel,
Dorchester to Quincy
Charlestown to Cam
bridge
Boston to Charlestown
Boston to Cambridge .
Brighton to Cambridge
Brighton to Watertown
° be
ss.s
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Width.
1
35 feet 9 inches.
1
34 "
7 "
1
36 '
"
2
36 '
6 "
36 '
S "
1
40 '
"
1
43 '
4 "
2
59 '
2 "
59 '
"
2
42 '
3 "
42 '
3 "
1
36 '
"
2
41 '
10 "
40 «
5 "
1
28 '
4 "
1
30 '
2 "
1
36 '
"
1
36 '
4 "
1
36 '
'<
1
36 '
"
1
36 '
2 «
2
35 '
7 "
36 '
3 "
1
36 '
"
1
35 '
10 "
208
City Document No. 34.
APPENDIX A3.
Table showing Width of Bridges, Kind of Roadways, Sidewalks,
etc., on Tide-water Bridges, 1894.
6
hp
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o
Roadway.
Sidewalks.
Name of Bridge.
^3
Kind of
Roadway.
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Kind of walks.
£
£
I £
Ft. In.
Ft. In.
Ft- In
60
40
Plank ....
2 10
Coal-tar concrete.
40
33 2
tt
1 6
Plank.
64
50
48
30 2
40
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2 8
2 8
1 8
Brick.
(<
49
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" South
50
43
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2 6 6
a <<
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about
24
about
Plank ....
1 5 6
Plank.
Commercial Point ....
34
37
"
60
44
Paved ....
2 8
Coal-tar concrete.
Dover street (rebuilding).
Essex street .... ...
31
22 8
Plank ....
1 7 6
Plank.
69
49
Paved ....
2 10
Asphalt.
30 2
69 4
24 4
51
Plank ....
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2 9 2
Plank.
Asphalt.
60
40
50
34
32
36
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it
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ti a
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North Beacon street . . .
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I 5
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26 7
a
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36
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60
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a «
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33
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. . . . ]
8
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7 ]
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Street Department — Bridge Division.
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City Document No. 34.
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217
APPENDIX A5.
Statement of Traffic on Tuesday, September 5, 1893,
between tbe bonrs of 6 A.M. and 7 P.M.
North Bridges.
Name of Bridge.
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218
City Document No. 34.
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221
APPENDIX B.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF
PAVING DIVISION.
Office Paving Division,
Room 41, City Hall, Boston, February 1, 1894.
H. H. Carter, Superintendent of Streets:
Dear Sir : The following report is submitted, showing the
expenditures of this division from February 1, 1893, to January
31, 1894, the nature of the work, the number and variety of per-
mits issued, and the details of expenditures involved in paving,
macadamizing, and regulating the various streets.
The following list sbows the total yearly expenditures of the
Paving Division, according to the report of the Superintendent of
Streets, for the last thirty-eight years, the expenditures being
from January 1 to December 31, inclusive, of each year, except of
1891, that year extending to January 31, 1892, making a period
of thirteen months, the years after extending from February 1 to
January 31 :
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
$192,458 48
201,528 49
187,160 92
186,295 77
197,170 63
176,978 76
175,931 68
151,130 27
156,959 65
173,258 13
244,953 55
283,641 56
407,053 89
667,817 90
804,384 89
923,312 37
1,010,508 48
931,019 01
1,683,848 67
1,062,408 55
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
),741 42
1,077,475 81
644,821 76
727,340 05
1,015,063 06
966,366 49
1,088,551 14
934,656 58
1,310,172 16
1,018,693 39
1,170,8*3 01
1,260,530 03
1,043,475 52
1,051,460 18
1,061,722 40
1,991,524 2.s
1,972,857 88
1,552,913 17
Total
$30,687,099 98
222
City Document No. 34.
Numbers have
tricts as follows :
South Boston .
East Boston .
Charlestown .
Brighton
West Roxbury
Dorchester
Roxbur} 7
City Proper .
Total .
Street Numbering.
been assigned to the estates in the different dis-
Parts of 24 streets.
. 5 streets and parts of 18 streets.
Parts of 13 streets.
. 5 streets and parts of 22 streets.
. 3 streets and parts of 25 streets.
7 streets and parts of 44 streets.
. 12 streets and parts of 67 streets.
. 2 streets and parts of 41 streets.
. 34 streets and parts of 254 streets.
Permits.
Permits to make openings in the streets of the city, between
Feb. 1, 1893, and Feb. 1, 1894, have been issued as follows:
Company.
American Telegraph Co.
Boston Electric Light Co.
Boston Gas Light Co.
Boston Water Department
Boston Water Department (Mystic)
BrooklineGas Light Co.
BrooklineWater Board .
Boston & Maine Railroad Co.
Charlestown Gas Light Co.
Commercial Cable Co.
Dorchester Gas Light Co.
Edison Electric Illuminating Co.
East Boston Gas Light Co.
Fire Alarm Department
Fitchburg Railroad Co. .
Jamaica Plain Gas Light Co.
New England Telegraph & Teleph<
Massachusetts .
New England Telegraph Co. .
Norfolk Suburban Railway Co.
New York & New England Railroad Co.
Old Colony Railroad (N.Y., N.H.
Postal Telegraph Cable Co.
Park Department .
Roxbury Gas Light Co. .
Sewer Division
Saucier Bros.
South Boston Gas Light Co. .
Standard Oil Co., of New York
Union Freight Railway Co.
West End Street Railway Co.
Western Union Telegraph Co.
Miscellaneous
Permit*
i. Feet.
5
15
117
388
759
24,868
. 3,519
124,037
97
3,383
4,167
650,106
1
2,250
20
538
64
1,545
4
20
367
23,343
794
54,498
146
2,951
68
242
1
30
206
18,961
Lone (
3o. ol
:
1,487
26,636
5
17
34
1,899
I Co.
10
765
e H. R.R.)
17
1,042
6
18
8
381
379
13,756
191
36,738
1
120
227
6,264
114
1,980
3
8,800
642
91,778
4
155
3.046
79,2530
16,519
1,176,777
or 222f miles.
Street Department — Paving Division. 223
In addition to the foregoing permits, there have been issued
seventy-nine emergency permits, on which there have been made
2,199 openings, at an average length of about six feet each. A
record of these openings is on file in the office.
Other permits have been granted as follows :
Advertising by a man wearing hat and coat ... 11
Cleaning snow from roofs of buildings
Driving cattle ....
Distributing sand ....
Erecting awnings ....
Erecting and repairing buildings
Moving buildings ....
Occupying sidewalks for more than ten minutes to unload
or load goods
Pedlers (four different classes)
99
86
33
287
6,070
49
170
1,028
Raising and lowering safes, machinery, etc. . . . 385
Special to Sewer Division
Special for various purposes .
To feed or bait horses on the streets
Watering-carts ....
10
205
1,747
121
Making a total of 26,928
There have been 9,920 notices sent to the various foremen to
repair defects in the streets which have been reported by the police
and otherwise ; also 1,531 to private parties to repair defects in
Hyatt lights, coal-holes, and work which had been improperly done
under permits granted them.
Under the provision of the Revised Ordinances (Sect. 8, Chap.
36), at the same time notices were sent to the various parties, an
order was sent to the district foreman directing him to make the
necessary repairs in case the parties so notified had failed to do
so within the specified time, charging the expense to the person
notified.
The system seems to be a good one, as 1,509 such orders were
sent, and comparatively few have been returned with expense in-
curred.
There hove been 1 ,350 notices sent to the department, various
corporations, and citizens regarding contemplated street improve-
ments during the year.
There have been about 200 new bonds filed during the year.
There have been 700 requests sent to the Police Department,
asking for information regarding locations where persons have
asked for permits to sell goods from areas and windows, or to
occupy the sidewalk for more than ten minutes to load or unload
goods, all of which have been returned with the desired informa-
tion, and if favorable and no objections were found the permits
have been granted.
224
City Document No. 34.
Streets Laid Out or Extended.
Date.
Mar. 13
May 11
May 15
May 16
May 16
May 22
June 7
June 7
May 22
July 19
July 31
Aug. 10,
Aug. 10
Aug. 10
Aug. 10
Aug. 10
Aug. 2
Aug. 16
Aug. 24
Oct. 12
Oct. 12
Oct. 12
Nov. 1
Nov. 1
Nov. 1
Nov. 2
Nov. 10
Nov. 10
Nov. 17
Nov. 17
Nov. 23
Dec. 4
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec. 14
Dec. 14
Dec. 14
Dec. 23
Dec. 23
Dec. 27
Dec. 27
Dec 2is
Dec. 29
Dec. 30.
Dec. 30.
Dec. 30.
Street.
Location.
Lewis st
Batavia st. ...
Miner st
Howard st. . .
Hewlett st. . . . .
Gannett st. . . .
Deerfield st. . .
Bay State road
Chambers st. .
Alcott st
Glenway st. . .
Weld Hill st. . ,
Bushnell st. . . .
Lyon st
Elko st
Willis st
Tremlett st. . . .
Leicester st. . . ,
Germania st. .
Ruth st
Hollander St.. ,
Hamerton st. .
Edge Hill st..,
Westerly st. . .
Holworthy st. ,
Portsmouth st. ,
Elmira st
Etna st
Adelaide st. . . .
Montview st. . ,
Highgate st . . ,
Selden st ,
Newport st.
Greenheys st. . .
Hazelwood st. .
Tolman st
St.Alphonsusst
Lawn st
Duncan st
Millet st
Harrishof st. . .
Buttonwood st.
Robert st
Brookfield St.. .
Catherine st.
Kenmore st. . . .
Pontine st
Round Hill St..
Spencer st
Essex pi.
North st. to Moon st ,
St. Stephen to Parker st
Beacon st. to Brookline branch B.
& A. R.R
To Magazine st
Centre st. to Walter st.
Hoi born st. to Gaston st
Commonwealth ave. to Charles river
Sherborn st. to Deerfield st
Spring st. to Brighton st
Franklin st. to Mansfield st
Old road to Glen ave
Hyde Park ave. to Forest Hill
Cemetery
Ashmont st. to Dorchester ave
Adams st. to Dorchester ave
Cambridge st. to Sparhawk st
Pleasant st. to Sumner st
Hooper st. to Waldeck st
Bennett st. to Arlington st
Bismarck st. to Boylston st
Angle in said street to Marginal st.
Harold st. to Humboldt ave. .......
Harold st. to Humboldt ave
Gay Head st. to Round Hill st
Centre st. to Sunnyside st
Harold st. to Humboldt ave
Waverley st. to Lincoln st
Murdock st. to George st
Noi'th Beacon st. to Elmira st
Boylston st. to Spring Park st
Corey st. to Mt. Vernon st.
Cambridge st. to Partington ave. . .
Milton ave. to Morton st
Harbor View st. to Crescent ave.. .
Cedar st. to Magnolia st
Townsend st. to Munroe st
Neponset ave. to Norwood st
Tremont st. to Huntington ave
Hayden St.. easterly, to Heath st. . .
Greenwich st. to Leonard st
Park st. to Talbot ave
Harold st. to Humboldt ave
Grafton st. to Crescent ave
Brookfield st. to Walter st
South st. to South Fairview st
Florence st. to Bourne st
Commonwealth ave. to West New-
bury st
Norfolk ave. to Batchelder st
Day st. to Walden st
Park st. to Wheatland ave
End discontinued
Total
Or 6.293 miles.
Length in
Feet.
200
926
304
121
1,657
467
518
802
264
484
1,039
1,012
106
839
459
693
559
263
658
138
703
648
591
359
757
818
641
1,120
635
1,368
504
LS09
637
390
364
940
1,165
956
664
1,139
807
341
373
463
881
211
391
1,433
643
33,260
3f
33,226
Street Department — Paving Division.
225
Streets Widened and Relocated.
Date.
Street.
Jan. 31,
Jan. 31,
Jan. 31,
Jan. 31,
Feb. 16,
April 24,
April 24,
May 22,
Aug. 16,
Aug. 21,
Sept. 13,
Sept. 20,
Sept. 20,
Oct. 16,
Nov. 23,
Dec. 7,
Dec. 8,
Dec. 29,
Commonwealth
ave
Commonwealth
ave
Beacon st
Brookline ave. .
Commonwealth
ave
Essex st
Lincoln st
Chambers st. . .
City sq
Boston st,
Causeway st. . .
Hancock st. . . .
Columbia st. . . .
Henshaw st. . . .
Harrison ave . .
Washington st,
Poplar st
Location.
Poplar St.
On the southerly cor. Brookline ave.
On the northerly side at the junction
of Beacon st
On the southerly side at the junction
of Brookline ave
On the northerly side at the junction
of Beacon st
Sq. Ft.
At Beacon st
Between Chauncy and South sts. . . .
On the easterly side between Essex
and Tufts sts
Between Ashland st. and Spring st.
On the northerly side between Main
and Park sts
Northeasterly cor. of Pond st
On the southerly side between Endi-
cott and Prince sts
Northerly side between Rocky Hill
ave. and Dudley st
Northerly side between Bird and
Rocky Hill ave
Between Menlo st. and Washington
st
Between Essex and Beach sts
From Cambridge st. to Oak sq
Easterly side between Washington
st. and Ashland st
At Washing-ton st
1,927
534
195
37
1,545
9,150
854
2,663
18
1,386
25
959
4,193
2,570
10,213
48,826
5,228
466
90,789
Streets Discontinued.
Date.
Jan. 6,
July 19,
Street.
Spring lane.
Essex st
Aug. 21, Pond st.
Location.
Aug. 26,' Essex place.
Oct. 16, Ilenshawst.
At and near cor. Washington st. . . .
Northerly side between Columbia
and Lincoln sts
Northerly side near and east of Bos-
ton st
South of Tufts st
Between Menlo st. and Washington
st
Sq. Ft.
131
57
1,607
622
1,324
3,741
226 City Document No. 34.
The record of the Street Commissioners for the year 1893
shows the following results :
Streets laid out or extended . 33,226 lin. ft., or 6.293 miles.
Streets widened and relocated . 90,789 sq. ft.
Streets discontinued . . . 3,741 sq. ft.
Increase in mileage . . . 33,226 lin. ft., or 6.293 miles.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
Appropriations .
Appropriation for 1893-94 .... $850,000 00
Amount collected by City Collector for repairs
done by Paving Division for different com-
panies, etc 4,093 74
Expenditures.
Amount of expenditures from Feb-
ruary 1, 1893, to January 31,
1894 ..'... $745,681 52
Transferred to Central Office . 805 96
Transferred to Sewer Division . 40,000 00
Transferred to Sanitary Division . 15,000 00
Transferred to Street-Cleaning
Division 15,000 00
54,093 74
816,487 48
Transferred to City Treasury . . . $37,606 26
Total expenditures from regular appropriation . $745,681 52
Total expenditures from street-watering appro-
priation 99,430 16
Total expenditures from special appropriations . 707,801 49
Grand total (regular and special) . . $1,552,913 17
Street Department — Paving Division. 227
Income.
Statement showing the amount of bills deposited with City
Collector from February 1, 1893, to February 1, 1894, on account
of the Paving Division :
Sidewalk construction assessments (Law of 1892),
Edgestone and sidewalk assessments (Law of 1893) ,
Old paving-blocks ......
Repair of streets (Rev. Ord. 1892)
Rent of part of Fort Hill wharf ....
Miscellaneous .......
The amount paid into the city treasury during the same period
on account of the Paving Division is as follows :
Sidewalk construction assessments (Law of 1892), $58,008.95
Edgestone and side walk assessments (Law of 1893), 10,537 55
Repairs of streets (Rev. Ord. 1892) ... 989 05
Rent of part of Fort Hill wharf .... 500 00
Miscellaneous •. . 5,832 05
$18,694
57
18,344
93
2,913
64
2,912
65
500
00
3,490
13
146,855
92
$75,867 60
In addition to the above amount, there was an
income from street-watering of $704 52
228
City Document No. 34.
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Street Department — Paving Division.
229
SCHEDULE A.
Expenditures. (Details.)
Salary of Charles R. Cutter, Deputy Superintendent of
Streets, January 27, 1893, to January 25, 1894
Salary of office clerks
Advertising in and subscribing for daily papers
Horses, carts, and harnesses (new)
Printing and stationery
Repairing stables, sheds, etc.
Sundries .....
Street signs and numbering
Telephones, expenses of
Tools, cost of keeping the same in repair, etc.
$3,500 00
12,312 33
508 66
10,724 52
3,048 91
2,098 29
8,304 98
1,441 08
1,056 90
10,820 76
£53,81 6 43
SCHEDULE B.
Executions of Court, etc.
Aldrich, Warren D., personal injuries
Barbier, Gabriel, "
Beekman, Emma, "
Bennett, Mrs. C. H., "
Bidnead, Ann B., "
Conant, Elizabeth, "
Conway, Thomas, grade damages
Cutter, Dr. Charles K., damages to sleigh
Davy, George A., damages to estate .
Devlin, Joseph, personal injuries
Drisco, Ormando H., grade damages
Estabrook, Edward L. and George W., grade
Eitzgerald, J. R., personal injuries .
Ford, Noah, "
Ford, Patrick, loss of time on account of
ceived ......
Fowlie, James, personal injuries
Frink, Alden, damage to house
Fuller, Ellen M., damages to estate .
Gateley, Michael C, personal injuries
Gray, Mary E., damage to estate
Harrington, Edmund D. T., injuries to hor
Horan, Patrick, grade damages
Kerrigan, Owen, personal injuries
Keyes, Samuel, injuries to team
Leonard, Mary, personal injuries
Nash, Susan \V., grade damages
Newhall, Horatio, grade damages
Sullings, Ada L , personal injuries
Swib Patrick .1., grade damages
Taylor, Abbie, "
Whittier, Laura E., personal injuries
Woodbury, Louisa, damages to estate
Woods, Ellen T., Henry E., Herbert, and
grade damages .....
. $1,052 31
130.81
926 11
150 00
889 43
126 44
126 77
.
40 00
500 00
66 00
796 19
damages
761 33
125 45
375 78
ljuries re-
244 00
100 00
5 00
875 92
100 (JO
300 00
175 00
150 00
150 00
25 00
100 00
792 64
3,09s 41
:;(io on
2,025 45
796 1!)
1,606 87
501 11
\rthur L.
100 00
517.512 21
230
City Document No. 34.
SCHEDULE C.
The following schedule shows the expenditure from the main-
tenance appropriation of this division in excess of special appro-
priations.
Dorchester Street, Eighth street to Dorchester avenue.
In excess of special appropriations . . . . . $110 78
I Street, Fourth to Sixth street .
In excess of special appropriation ..... 1,127 51
(Aldermanic District No. 7.)
Vale street, Ward 15.
In excess of special appropriation 45 03
Englewood avenue, Chestnut Hill avenue to Brook-
line line, Brighton.
In excess of special appropriation 3,788 57
Lexington avenue.
In excess of special appropriation 432 40
La Grange street.
In excess of special appropriation 1,605 21
Short street, Ward 23.
In excess of special appropriation 129 00
Washington street.
In excess of special appropriation 3,096 37
(Aldermanic District No. 11.)
Brent street.
In excess of special appropriation 3,177 98
Dorchester avenue, paving, Wards 15 and 24.
In excess of special appropriation 1,799 55
Harvard street.
In excess of special appropriation 1,533 00
Harbor Tiew street.
In excess of special appropriation ..... 50 00
Stanton street.
In excess of special appropriation 777 00
Arch street.
In excess of special appropriation ..... 1,447 78
(Aldermanic District No. 4.)
Bristol street.
In excess of special appropriation ..... 313 18
Chardon street.
In excess of special appropriation 60 38
Cooper Street, North Margin to Salem Street.
In excess of special appropriation ..... 127 50
West Newton street, Washington street to Shawmut
avenue.
In excess of special appropriation 1 1 72
$19,632 96
Street Department — Paving Division. 231
SCHEDULE D.
NEW WORK.
Dewey Street, Ward 20, Blue Hill avenue to Howard
avenue.
Length, 887 feet. Grading, heavy rock cuts, 2,562 square
yards 8-inch macadam.
Labor $1,300 51
Teaming, including rolling . . . . 1,563 00
Gravel 771 80
854 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 1,494 50
Highland street, Ward 21, Dudley to Centre street.
Street repairs, 3,200 sq. yds. 6-in. macadam.
Labor $169 75
Teaming, including rolling. . . ' '. 449 50
Gravel 325 45
803 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 1,405 25
Intervale Street, Ward 21, Warren street to Blue
Hill avenue.
Length, 603 ft. ; area, 1,742 sq. yds. Setting t
dgestone,
paving gutters, brick sidewalks, flagging
crossing,
resurfacing roadway.
Labor .......
$577 13
Teaming, including street-rolling
364 00
Pavers' bills .....
350 31
Gravel
450 50
Gutter blocks
537 24
194 40
574 ft. edgestone, at 75 cts. .
430 51
10,014 paving brick, at $13 per thousand
130 18
166.3 ft. flagging, at 90 cts.
149 67
292 tons macadam, at $1.75
511 00
Huntington avenue, Ward 22, Gainsboro' to Parker
street.
Street repairs, 4,080 sq. yds. 6-inch macadam.
Labor $145 50
Steam-roller 200 00
Gravel 188 25
1,020 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 1,785 00
Poplar Street, Ward 23, at Beech street. Street
and sidewalk repairs.
2,244 sq. yds. of 6-inch macadam.
Labor $150 75
Teaming, including rolling .... 262 00
Gravel 698 7.",
561 tons macadam, at $1.75 .... 98175
$5,129 81
2,349 95
3,694 94
2,318 75
2,093 25
Carried forward, $15,586 70
232
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward, $15,586 70
St. Joseph Street, Ward 23, South to Woodman
street. Length, 415 feet. Eclgestone set, gutters
paved, sidewalks gravelled, street macadamized.
922 sq. yds. 4-inch macadam.
Labor .......
Teaming, including rolling
819.6 feet eclgestone, at 75 cts.
6 small corners, at $8.35 ....
8,136 gutter blocks, at $27 per thousand
Pavers' bills
Gravel .......
155 tons macadam, at $1.75
322
50
614
70
20
10
219
67
138
85
68
29
271
25
Stockton street
Milton avenue.
Grading.
Area, 3,712 sq. yds.
Excavating, 739 cubic yds., at 50 cts.
Labor .....
Teaming
415 double loads rubble, at $1.50
474 tons crushed stone, at $1.75
Gravel
Ward 24, Washington street to
Length, 1,285 feet. Unfinished.
$369 50
16 88
51 00
622 50
829 50
64 35
Alcott Street, Ward 25, Mansfield to Franklin street.
Length, 498 feet. Edgestones set, gutters paved,
sidewalks gravelled.
1,440 sq. yds. 6-in. macadam roadway.
Labor $616 50
Teaming, including rolling . . . 295 50
17,825 gutter blocks, at $26 . . . 463 45
1,026.4 feet edgestone, at 75 cts. . . 769 80
4 large corners ...... 22 40
4 small corners 13 40
Gravel 782 95
333 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 582 75
Cambridge street, Ward 25 ; street repairs be-
tween Allston street and Cambridge bridge.
2,805 sq. yds. 8-in. macadam.
Labor $78 75
Roller 300 00
Gravel 426 15
935 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 1,636 25
Western avenue, Ward 25 ; street repairs between
Watertown aud Cambridge bridge.
5,604 sq. yds. 6-in. macadam.
Labor $148 38
Roller 420 00
Gravel 505 70
1,401 tons macadam, at $1.75 . . . 2,45175
2,024 36
1,953 73
3,546 75
2,441 15
3,525 83
Total $29,078 52
Street Department — Paving Division.
233
REMOVAL OF SNOW.
South Boston
East Boston
Charlestown
Brighton
West Roxbury
Dorchester .
Roxbury
City Proper
Roxbury and West Roxbury (new district)
$11,558 03
6,823 88
11,182 69
7,679 03
10,109 21
13,979 82
15,621 49
74,530 30
508 88
5151,943 33
S TREE T- WA TERING.
South Boston
East Boston
Charlestown
Brighton
West Roxbury
Dorchester .
Roxbury
City Proper
$7,771 09
6,505 57
6,397 58
11,859 10
15,487 36
14,465 37
15,885 57
21,058 52
$99,430 16
DETAIL OF EXPENDITURES MADE UNDER SPECIAL
APPROPRIA TIONS.
Allston bridge, Ward 25.
Resetting edgestones, relaying sidewalks, repaying gutters, and resur-
facing roadway to approaches.
Labor . $579 60
Teaming 456 00
Materials 1,468 96
Baker Street, Ward 23, grading and widening.
Labor .........
Teaming ........
Stone ........
Beacon Street, Ward 25 (unfinished work from 1892).
Material $10* 90
Brent Street, Ward 24, Washington street to Carlisle street.
Length, 1,202 ft. ; 2,670 sq. yds. 18-in. Telford macadam.
Labor .....
Teaming ....
Steam-roller
Gravel ....
Paving ....
$664
10
876
50
L30
00
445
50
57
89
Carried forward,
11,673
234
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Filling .....
1 ,598 tons of macadam
Work done by Sewer Division
Amount of special appropriation
Amount paid out of Paving Division
51,526 28
3,177 98
$1,673 99
122 90
2,796 50
110 87
$4,704 26
.704 26
Uristol Street, Ward 17, Harrison avenue to Albany
street. Length, 588 feet.
1,217 sq. yds. granite block paving.
Labor .
Teaming
Brick .
Gravel and sand .
Edge stone .
28, 0U0 large paving blocks
Amount of special appropriation
Amount paid out of Paving Division .
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 8
Broadway, Ward 12, Harrison avenue to Lehigh-street bridge
and Albany street, Broadway to B. & A. R.R. bridge. Reset-
ting edgestoue, relaying sidewalks and paving.
2,200 sq. yds. granite block paving.
Labor . $2,378 32
Teaming 1,345 50
Gravel 330 31
50,725 large granite blocks 3,728 29
$761 78
417 00
39 65
211 38
62 15
2,058 00
$3,549 96
$2,869 28
313 18
367 50
— : —
$3,549 96
Amount of special appropriation
Chardon Street, Ward 8.
Amount retained from Jones & Meehan, on their con-
tract ..........
Amount of special appropriation . . . $349 45
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . . 60 38
Cherry Street, Ward 16.
Amount retained from Barber Asphalt Paving Co., on
their contract in 1892
Commonwealth avenue, construction.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming .......
Gravel .......
13,571.92 tons of stone ....
3,049 double loads of stone
Carried forward,
$7,782 42
$7,782 42
$409 83
$109 83
$65 10
539,611 87
8,926 50
1,307 30
25,109 08
4,573 50
£79,528 25
Street Department — Paving Division.
235
Brought forward,
1,660 cu. yds. of stone
Powder and fuse .
Lumber
Advertising
Sundries
71,706 large granite blocks
48,676 asphalt blocks .
341 T 9 2 feet circular edgestone
4,693 T 7 o feet straight edgestone
48 perch of wall .
Paid for building bulkhead
Paid to R. A. Davis, as per contract :
2,676 cu. yds. filling, at 83 cts. .
3,471.9 cu. yds. excavation, at 30 cts.
6.416.1 sq. yds. Telford base, at 95 cts.
1.149.2 sq. yds. gutters paved, at 95 cts.
4132 sq. yds. loam furnished, at 50 cts.
1,535.8 lin. ft. edgestone, at 45 cts.
1,501 lin. ft. plank-walk, at $1 .
1,501 lin. ft. fence, at 50 cts.
Extra work as ordered :
923 loads of stone chips, at $1.50
90 days' labor, at $2 .
18| days, foreman, at $3
4 days, paver, at $4.50
5 days, rammer, at $2.50
4 days, tender, at $2 .
2 days, stonecutter, at $4.50
1 day, single team, at $3.50
10 double loads gravel, at $2
$79,528 25
3,735 00
361 50
715 81
298 54
994 94
5,213 20
1,947 04
420 76
3,896 18
216 00
850 00
$2,221
08
1,041
57
6,095
30
;ts.
1,091
74
5.
2,066
10
691
11
1,501
00
750
50
1,384
50
180
00
55
50
J18 00
12 50
8 00
9 CO
3 50
20 00
$71 00
10 65
Add 15 per cent. .
904 cu. yds. excavation, at 10 cts.
3 days watering-cart, at $6
3 clays steam-roller, at $6
Less b\ days' use of steam-roller, at $10,
Excavation :
1,131 cu. yds. i'ock removed, at $1.48
Labor and teaming .
81 65
90 40
18 00
18 00
.17,286 45
55 00
$1,969 88
326 00
Paid to Boston ( lontracting Co., as per contract:
96,933 cu. yds. of filling, at 37 cts. .....
Paid to James II. Seamans, George If. Worthley, and
Emery B. Gibbs, trustees:
96,646 cu. yds. of gravel, at 12£ cts
Furnishing base :
5,039 sq. yds. Telford base, at HO cts. . $4,031 20
882 cu. yds. earth cutting, at 45 cts. . . 396 90
24 cu. yds. rock, at $1.48 .... 3552
Labor and material ..... 954 99
17,231 45
2,295 88
35,865 22
12,080 75
5,418 61
Carried fo rward,
$171,069 08
236
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Paid to F. H. Cowin & Co., as per contract:
4,740 cu. yds. sub-gi'ading, at 30 cts.
7,521 sq. yds. Telford base, at 79 cts.
1,293 sq yds. gutters paved, at 85 cts.
7,314 sq. yds. loam (unfinished), at 53 cts.,
1,799 lin. ft. edgestones, at 45 cts.
1,685 lin. ft. plank-walk, at $1.02
1,685 lin. ft. fence, at 48 cts.
Extra work as ordered :
8J days, paver, at $4 .
2 days, roller, at $3 .
29,223 blocks carted, at $4 per M
2 days' labor,. foreman, at $3.50 .
134| days' labor, at $2
16 clays' single team, at $3 .
1 day, double team
12i ft. edgestones set, at 20 cts. .
13 sq. yds paving gutters, at 40 cts.
186 T 8 2 ft. edgestones reset, at 20 cts.
Land damages ....
Work done by Sewer Division .
Amount retained from F. H. Cowin & Co.
Amount retained from R. A. Davis
$171,069 08
1,422 00
5,941 99
1,099 05
3,876 42
809 55
1,718 70
808 80
31 00
6 00
116 89
7 00
268 67
48 00
5 00
2 50
5 20
37 30
16,207 07
56,527 00
23,889 20
$267,692 35
$783 83
661 87
1 A.AR 70
$266,246 65
Congress and L streets, and L street, grading, from First street to
Congress street, Ward 14.
Area, 5,464 sq. yds.
Labor .
Team in o-
Gravel
Lumber
Filling
125,783 large granite blocks
Paid to H. Gore & Co. :
4,992 sq. yds. block paving
Work done by Sewer Division
Amount of appropriation for L-street grad-
ing ....*...
Amount paid out of appropriation for Con-
gress and L streets . . • .
$2,876 32
700 50
1,514 20
494 82
586 50
9,245 06
1,248 00
981 10
$17,646 50
$2,346 50
15,300 00
$17,646 50
Cooper street, North Margin street to Salem street, Ward 7.
Resetting edgestone, relaying sidewalks, and 452 sq. yds. granite block
paving.
Labor $437 39
Teaming 334 50
Gravel and sand 72 00
Carried forward,
$843 89
Street Department — Paving DivrsiON.
237
Brought fo rioard,
Brick
10,396 large granite blocks
Amount of special appropriation
Amount paid out of Paving Division
Cranston street, Ward 23.
Grading: rock excavation.
Labor
Teaming ....
Gravel ....
i,500 00
127 50
$843 89
19 50
764 11
$1,627 50
$1,627 50
$982
90
126
00
49
30
$1,158
20
Dickens Street, Adams street to N.Y., N.H., & H. R.R. Depot,
Ward 24.
Length, 876 ft. ; 2,531 sq. yds. 9-in. macadam.
997 tons of stone ......
. $1,495 50
Steam-roller .......
80 00
Teaming
105 00
Gravel ........
210 00
Labor .........
182 71
Amount of appropriation for Dickens street, $785 00
Amount paid out of applanation for Street
Improvements, Aldermanic District No.
12 1,288 21
!2,073 21
52,073 21
Dorchester avenue, paving, Wards 15 and 24.
Grading avenue at Milton Lower Mills. Area, 1,148 sq. yds. Heavy
rock cut, and 1,148 sq. yds. 12-in. Telford macadam roadway.
$2,272 55
306 00
Gravel
363 80
731 50
292 42
150 00
Work done by the Sewer Division
•
383 65
$4,499 92
Amount of appropriation for Dorchester
ave. ........
$2,700 37
Amount paid out of Paving Division .
1,799 55
$4,499 92
Dorchester street, Eighth street to Dorchester avenue.
Amount retained from Collins & Ham, on their contract in
1891
Amount of appropriation for Dorchester
street $386 09
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . 110 78
$496 87
sine, 87
238 City Document No. 34.
Eighth street, L to O street, Ward 14, gravelling sidewalks
and patching street.
Labor $1,150 52
Teaming 60 00
Paving 93 44
Macadam . . . 364 54
Gravel 1,022 22
$2,690 72
Amount of appropriation for Eighth street . $1,249 69
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 7 1,441 03
$2,690 72
Englewood avenue, Ward 25, Chestnut Hill avenue to Brookline
line, grading.
Length, 1,657 ft. ; 6,260 sq. yds. 6-in. macadam.
Labor $2,611 03
Teaming, including rolling 1,017 00
Steam-roller 140 00
Flagging 141 48
Gravel 1,237 95
Powder and fuse 90 00
1,736 tons of macadam 3,038 00
Work done by Sewer Division ...... 253 06
$8,528 52
Amount of appropriation for Englewood
avenue $4,739 95
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . 3,788 57
$8,528 52
Freeport Street, Ward 24, Beach to Tenean street.
3,115 sq. vds. block paving; 5,920 sq. yds. 4-inch, macadam.
Labor $1,568 38
Teaming 1,072 50
Gravel 1,042 90
62,542 large granite blocks ' . . . . . 4,557 31
Wharfage 107 00
Paving . . . . . . • . . . . 785 96
Steam-roller 295 00
947 tons cracked stone 1,420 50
$10,849 55
Grant Street, Ward 24, grading.
Labor and material ........ $241 52
Harbor View street, Ward 24, repairs.
Labor . . . $158 71
Material 454 25
$612 96
Amount of appropriation for Harbor View
street $562 96
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . 50 00
$612 96
Street Department — Paving Division.
239
Harvard street, Ward 24, Washington to School street, grading,
gutters paved.
4,584 sq. yds. 12-inch Telford; between School street and Glen road,
grading.
Labor -• mM6 44
Teaming
Gravel
1,201 tons of macadam
Gutter blocks
Stone .
Steam-roller
Flagging
Edgestone .
Paving
Lumber
Work done by the Sewer D
vision
Amount paid out of appropriation for Har-
vard street ......
Amount paid out of appropriation for street
improvements, Aldermanic District No.
12
Amount paid out of appropriation for Pav-
ing Division ......
16,000 00
4,271 36
1,533 00
1.832 95
752 40
1,801 50
677 30
3,084 10
250 00
319 50
151 31
189 »0
18 98
209 98
$11,804 36
ill, 804 36
Houghton street, Ward 24, Mill street to Pope's Hill.
Grading; 3,618 sq. yds. 4-inch Telford macadam.
Labor ......
$3,155 71
Teaming ....
1,234 80
Gravel ....
754 05
Steam-roller
150 00
585 tons macadam
877 50
Work done by Sewer Division
378 34
$6,550 40
Amount of appropriation for Houghton street
Howell street, Ward 15, Dorchester avenue to B<
. $6,550 40
3ston street.
Length, 602 feet; 1,739 sq. yds. 12-in. Telford macadam. Setting
edgestones, gravelling sidewalks, and. paving gutters.
Labor .........
$1,573 93
Teaming ....
250 50
Roller ....
150 00
Gravel ....
570 75
702 tons of macadam .
1,053 00
1,150 feet of edgestone
865 50
23 feet of circular edgestone
29 90
Lumber ....
57 84
Sundries ....
41 50
Paid for building; wall
230 00
5.:; 17 cu. yds. filling, at 30 cts.
$1,604 10
71.5 " retaining- wall, at $4
286 DO
Carried for ward,
$1,*
90 1(
) $4,822 92
240
City Document No. 34.
$1,890 10
87 50
25 00
93 12
111 55
6 75
5 04
$4,822 92
9 9J9 06
$2,880 61
! 4,161 37
$7,041 98
$7,041 98
Brought forward,
50 lin. feet of capping, at $1.75
Excavation ......
1,164 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. .
446.2 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
27 sq. yds. round paving, at 25 cts.
28 " brick " " 18 "
Amount of appropriation for Howell street
Amount paid out of street improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 7
Humboldt Avenue, Ward 21.
Grade damages .........
Hunneman street, Ward 20, grading.
Grade damages
Labor ...........
Teaming
Gravel
Jackson Street, Ward 15, grading.
Labor . . . . . . . . . • •
2,171 cu. yds. filling
Amount of appropriation for Jackson street
La Grange street, Ward 23, grading.
Labor ..........
Teaming ..........
Powder, fuel, etc.
678 cu. yds. rock removed, at $1.75 . . $1,186 50
461 double loads filling, at 75 cts. . . 345 75
Amount paid out of appropriation for La
Grange street ......
Amount paid out of appropriation for
street improvements, Aldermanic District
No. 11 . . . . . m .
Amount paid out of appropriation for
Paving; Division
Landing, East Boston.
Building landing as per contract
Rent ......
5,269 30
$225 52
$100 00
380 45
126 00
357 00
$963 45
$414 50
1,085 50
$1,500 00
&2,928 05
1,644 00
302 46
1,532 25
56,406 76
1,532 25
1,605 21
$6,406 76
$250 00
250 00
# #
Amount of appropriation for landing, East Boston
$500 00
Street Department — Paving Division.
241
Lehigh street, Wards 12 and 16, Albany to South street.
Resetting edgestone, relaying sidewalks ; 2,890 sq. yds. granite block
paving.
Labor .....
Teaming ....
1,431 47
1,578 00
529 30
4,791.10
449 11
Gravel ....
65,185 large granite blocks
Work done bv Sewer Division
Amount of appropriation for Lehigh street,
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Ward 12
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Alderman ic District No. 6 . . .
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 5 . . .
Lexington avenue, Ward 25, Washington to Union street.
Length, 736 ft. ; grading, gravelling sidewalks 2,126 sq. yds. 6-in.
macadam.
Labor $420 00
Teaming, including rolling ...... 462 00
400 tons of macadam 600 00
Gravel 653 30
2,831 78
$11,778 98
6,283 73
2,198 17
465 30
$11,778 98
Amount of appropriation for Lexington ave., $1,702 90
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . 432 40
Ninth street, Ward 14, Old Harbor to N street.
Resurfacing 9,200 sq. yds. 6-in. macadam.
Labor
Teaming, including rolling ......
2,314 tons of macadam .......
Gravel ..........
$2,135 30
$2,135 30
111,060 17
1,404 00
3,471 00
439 50
$6,374 67
Amount of appropriation for Ninth street . $5,827 14
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 7 . . . 547 53
$6,374 67
Norfolk Street, Ward 24, Milton to Corbett street.
Length, 1,840 ft. ; widening and grading, gravelling sidewalks, 7,006
sq. yds. 12-in. macadam.
Labor $2,223 18
Teaming 717 50
Gravel 706 18
Holler 100 00
2,934 tons of macadam 4,406 00
$8,152 86
Amount of appropriation for Norfolk street, $2,350 00
Amount paid out of Streel Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 12 . . . 5,802 86
$8,152 86
242
City Document No. 34.
Park street, Charlestown, widening and repaying.
Labor $810 50
Teaming 85 50
Gravel 196 02
Blocks 222 94
Brick 91 00
Paving • . . . . 262 06
$1,168 02
Parmeilter street, Ward 6, Salem to Hanover street.
Labor $375 35
Teaming 285 00
Paid to Metropolitan Construction Co. :
134 T % eu. yds. concrete base, at $5 673 00
Paid to Barber Asphalt Paving Co. :
764 sq. yds. asphalt laid, at $2.25 . 1,719 00
$3,052 85
Amount of appropriation forParmenter st. , $1,500 00
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 3 . . . 1,552 35
$3,052 35
River Street, Ward 24, Washington street to Blue Hill avenue.
Length, 7,149 ft. ; resurfacing and reconstructing 21,000 sq. yds. 15-in.
Telford macadam.
Labor $4,045 97
Teaming .' 697 50
2,702 tons of macadam 4,053 00
419 double loads gravel 691 35
Steam-roller . 890 00
Amount of appropriation for River street . $4,000 00
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldermanic District No. 12 6,377 82
),377 82
$10,377 82
Savin Hill avenue, Ward 24, resurfacing street at railroad bridge.
..... $810 40
Labor and material
Sawyer avenue, Ward 24, Cushing avenue to Pleasant street.
5,833 sq. yds. 4-in. macadam
Length, 2,021 ft
Labor .
Teaming
Steam-roller
Gravel
680 tons of macadam
Work done by Sewer Division
Amount of appropriation for Sawyer avenue
Short street, Ward 23, grading, earth excavation.
Labor
Teaming-
Amount of appropriation for Short street . $1,806 73
Amount paid out for Paving Division . 129 00
$783 18
296 00
150 00
300 30
1,020 00
163 96
^2,713 44
$1,421 23
514 50
$1,935 73
! 1,935 73
Street Department — Paving Division. 243
Smith street, construction, Ward 22.
Labor $942 20
Teaming .......... 366 00
Roller 200 00
Gravel and sand 159 90
128 tons of macadam 224 00
Work clone by the Sewer Division 116 00
Amount of appropriation for Smith street .... $2,008 10
So. Margin street, Pitts to Prospect street, resetting edgestones,
relaying sidewalks, 1,147 sq. yds. granite block paving.
Labor $1,075 80
Teaming 597 00
Gravel . . . 167 50
Excavating . . . 246 48
26,885 laro;e o T anite blocks 1,939 30
280 feet of edgestone 210 00
Work done by Sewer Division ...... 263 92
Amount of appropriation for So. Margin street . . $1,500 00
Stanton street, Ward 24, Norfolk to Evans street.
Length, 1,100 ft. ; 3,300 sq. yds. 4-in. macadam.
Labor $1,222 47
Teaming 409 50
Roller 200 00
Stone 796 53
Gravel 148 50
Amount of appropriation for Stanton street, $2,000 00
Amount paid out of Paving Division . . 777 00
$2,777 00
$2,777 00
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 1.
Bennington street, Marion to Chelsea street, and across Chelsea
street, paving and regulating.
Length, 2,2!H ft. ; area, 6,456 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $4,818 89
Teaming L,231 50
Gravel ' 1,711 27
Sand 501 00
Lumber 154 36
Advertising 31 SO
149,420 large granite blocks 10,982 37
45,000 paving brick 585 00
388 ft. flagging :'. II 1 1
Paid to Doherty & O'Leaiy, for paving:
6,456.5 Bq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts., $1,614 13
2,419.5 I'm. l't edgestone set, al 8 cts. . 193 56
2,951 sq. yds. brick paving, at is cts. . 531 18
21 s<j. yds brick paving, h. b., at 36 cts. . 8 64
Carried forward, $2,317 51 $20,360 63
244
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
165.5 sq. yds. flag crosswalks, at 25 cts.
35 days' labor, at $ 2.00
$2,347 51
41 38
70 00
Border Street, White street to Condor street.
Amount retained from H. Gore & Co. on their contract in
1892 .
$20,360 63
2,458 89
>2,819 52
$410 67
Condor Street, Border street to Meridian street, paving and regu-
lating. Length, 271 ft.
Area, 1,080 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $510 85
Teaming 178 50
Gravel 315 43
218.5 feet of edgestone 163 88
22,584 large granite blocks 1,659 92
Paid to Doherty & O'Leary, for paving :
1,024 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. . $256 00
298.2 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. . . 23 86
56 sq. vds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts. . 14 00
293 86
53,122 44
Maverick Street, Border street to New street, paving and regu-
lating, including excavation and sub-grading.
Length, 189 ft. ; area, 651 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming ....
Gravel ....
Sand
17,035 large granite blocks .
13,000 paving brick
Paid to Doherty & O'Leary, for paving ;
638 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. .
379 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts.
354 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. .
13 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts.
1,217 83
75 00
219 22
44 00
1,252 07
169 00
$159 50
30 32
63 72
3 25
256 79
^3,233 91
New street, Cross street to Maverick street. Length, 281 ft. ;
851 sq. yds. granite block paving, 291 sq. yds. cobble-stone
paving.
Area, 1,142 sq. yds.
Labor, including inspection and engineering . . . $503 69
Teaming 142 50
Gravel 231 25
Sand 34 00
170.5 feet edgestone, and 1 large corner .... 133 38
17,213 large paving blocks 1,265 16
13,000 paving brick . 169 00
Carried forward,
M,478 98
Street Department — Paving Division.
Brought forward.
Paid to Dokerty & O'Leary, for paving :
1,082 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
548 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts.
349 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. .
60 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts.
Work done by Sewer Division
$270 50
43 84
62 82
15 00
245
},478 98
392 16
>,87 1 14
L,542 32
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 2.
Mystic avenue, Main street to Sonierville line. Length, 280
ft. ; area, 1,616 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $1,149 47
Teaming 249 00
Gravel 374 22
31.236 large granite blocks . . . . . . 2,280 23
3,200 paving brick 41 60
Paid to P. Brennan, for paving:
1,616 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. . . $404 00
215 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . . 38 70
10 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts. . . 2 50
440.5 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. . . . 35 24
480 44
Rutherford avenue, Allen to Cambridge street
ft. ; area, 4,725 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming ....
Gravel ....
Advertising
Sundries ....
114,020 large granite blocks
Paid to John Turner & Co., for pav
12 T V feet of edgestone, at 70 cts.
25 feet of circular stone, at $1.30
201 feet edgestone set, at 8 cts. .
4,725.4 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts
54.5 sq. yds. brick sidewalks laid, at 18 cts.
1 larofe corner
$4,574 96
Length, 1,029
$2,841 38
700 50
1,081 08
11 40
12 00
8,323 46
$8 46
32 50
16 08
,181 35
9 81
5 40
1,253 60
$14,223 42
South Eden street, Main street to Rutherford avenue. Length,
513 ft. ; area, 1,671 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $758 80
Teaming Ill 00
Gravel 433 62
Sundries 24 50
Carry d forward,
[,357 92
246
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
15,000 paving brick ....
35,992 large granite blocks
Paid to John Turner & Co., for paving :
9.5 feet of edgestone, at 70 cts. .
1,121 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. .
1,625 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts.
46 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts.
626 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts.
1 small corner
$6 65
89 68
406 25
11 50
112 68
3 60
$1,357 92
195 00
2,627 41
630 36
Work done by the Sewer Division
4,810 69
$705 18
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 3.
Exchange Street, State street to Dock square. Granite block
paving on concrete with pitch joints.
Length, 335 ft. ; area, 569.5 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $815 30
Teaming 502 50
Beach gravel 46 90
13,798 large granite blocks 1,018 93
3,011 paving brick 39 14
115 feet of edgestone ' 86 25
Advertising 50 00
Paid to J. J. Sullivan :
553 sq. yds. block removed, at 24 cts 132 72
Paid to Metropolitan Construction Co. :
97.4 cu. yds. cement concrete base, at $5 . . . . 487 00
Paid to F. H. Cowin & Co., for paving :
569.5 sq. yds. block paving, tar joints, at 79 cts. . $449 91
19 sq. yds. flagging laid, at 79 cts. . . . 15 01
138 sq. yds. brick paving laid, at 18 cts. . . 24 84
50 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts. . . 12 50
11 sq. yds. flagging laid, at 25 cts. . . . 2 75
505 01
Fulton Place, North to Fulton street.
Length, 306 ft. ; area, 820 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming .....
Beach gravel ....
Advertising .....
17,500 large paving blocks .
6,000 paving bricks
Paid to James Grant & Co., for paving:
810 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts. .
678 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts.
289 sq. yds. brick paving laid, at 18 cts.
10.3 sq. yds. flagging crossing laid, at 25 cts.
13 sq. yds. flagging sidewalks laid, at 25 cts.
$202 50
54 24
52 02
2 58
3 25
5,683 75
$746 95
654 00
134 00
9 60
1,286 25
78 00
314 59
$3,223 39
Street Department — Paving Division.
247
Work done by the Sewer Division
Ud 75
8 64
14 40
7 13
$265 45
151 00
76 80
441 00
Market Street, Portland to Merrimac street, and portion of Port-
land street.
Area, 260 sq. yds.
Labor, including inspection and engineering
Teaming .......
Beach gravel ......
6,000 large granite blocks ....
Paid to H. Gore & Co., for paving :
199 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. .
108 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts.
80 sq. yds. brick sidewalks laid,- at 18 cts. .
28.5 sq. yds. flagging crossings laid, at 25 cts. .
79 82
$1,014 17
$110 36
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 4.
Arch street, Milk to Franklin street. Length, 426 ft.
Area, 1,206 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $193 50
Teaming 186 00
Gravel 8 88
Flagging 59 40
Paid to Barber Asphalt Paving Co., 1,206 sq. yds. asphalt
laid, at $2.25
Amount paid out of appropriation for Street
Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 4, $1,713 50
Amount paid out of appropriation for Pav-
ing Division 1,447 78
2,713 50
$3,161 28
&3.161 28
Beacon street, Tremont to Bowdoin street. Length, 630 ft.
Area, 1,751 sq. yds. Granite blocks on a gravel base with pitch joints.
$461 43
1,014 00
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming
Gravel .......
Sand ........
37,076 large granite blocks
Paid to F. H. Cowin & Co., for paving :
210.5 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. .
564 sq. yds. block laid, tar joints, at 70 cts.
27 sq. yds. block laid, tar joints, at 90 cts. .
1,048 sq. yds. block laid, tar joints, at 79 cts.
59 sq. yds. tlagging crosswalks, tar joints,
at 79 cts. . " . . . .
53 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts.
1864 sq. yds. brick pavmg laid, at 18 cts. .
74£ hours' labor
$16 84
394 80
24 30
827 92
46 61
13 25
33 57
21 37
201 30
168 00
2,725 09
1,378 66
$5,9 I* is
248
City Document No. 34.
Spring lane, Washington to Devonshire street.
Length, 215 ft. ; area, 391 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming
Lumber ..........
10,000 asphalt blocks
Paid to Metropolitan Construction Co. :
43.5 cu. yds. concrete base, at $7.50 . . . .
Paid to John Turner & Co. :
Labor $434 70
Material 82 97
$511 05
207 CO
4 18
400 00
326 25
517 67
$1,966 15
Work done by Sewer Division
$334 44
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 5.
Beacon Street, Gloucester street to West Chester park.
Length, 1,019 ft. ; area, 5,391 sq. yds. asphalt, and 204.5 sq. yds.
block paving on gravel with pitch joints, edgestones reset, and side-
walk repaved.
Labor, including engineer and inspection .... $3,175 42
Teaming 1,434 00
Sand .' . 95 40
Sundries 59 27
Paid to Metropolitan Construction Co. :
898.5 cu. yds. concrete base, at $5 . . . . 4,492.50
Paid to Barber Asphalt Paving Co. :
5,391.3 sq. yds. asphalt laid, at $2.25 12,130 42
Paid to F. H. Co win & Co. :
204.5 sq. yds. block paving, tar joints, at 79
cts $161 56
1,487 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. . . . 118 96
1,641 sq. yds brick paving, at 18 cts. . . 295 38
90 sq. yds. brick paving, h. b., at 36 cts. . . 32 40
113 sq. yds. brick paving, h. b., on edge, at
50 cts 56 50
154 sq. yds. brick paving on edge, at 36 cts. . 55 44
67 sq. yds. flagging crosswalks, at 25 cts. . . 16 75
736 99
$22,124 00
Carver street, Eliot to Pleasant street.
Length, 724 ft. ; area, 1,851 sq. yds. Granite block paving on gravel
base, edgestones reset and sidewalks relaid.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming
Beach gravel
Sand .
38,165 large granite blocks
18,000 paving brick .
115 feet of edgestone .
,376 88
,387 50
338 35
63 00
,805 13
234 00
86 25
Carried forward,
5,291 11
Steeet Department — Paving Division,
249
Brought forward,
Paid to F. H. Cowin & Co., for paving :
1,851 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. . . $462 75
1,424 feet of edgestone set, at 8 cts. . . . 113 92
840 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . . 151 20
43.75 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts. . 10 94
S6.291 11
738 81
$7.029 92
Dwig'ht street, Sliawmut avenue to Tremout street. == ^^^
Length, 716 ft. ; area, 2,075 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $958 33
Teaming 870 00
Lumber 23 30
Sundries 71 00
Paid to Metropolitan Construction Co. :
345.8 cu. yds. cement concrete base, at $5 .... 1,729 00
Paid to H. Gore & Co.
2,075 sq. yds. Sicilian rock asphalt, at $2.25 . . . 4,668 75
$8,320 38
West Chester park, Haviland to Newbury street. "^"^^
Length, 470 ft. ; area, 1,600 sq. yds. 8-in. macadam. Edgestones re-
set, sidewalks and crossings relaid.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $1,485 77
Teaming 472 50
Gravel 441 60
Sand 196 00
Stone 1,095 90
Paid to J. Dohertv & Co. :
526 sq. yds. brick paving, at 25 cts. . . . $131 50
879 ft. of edgestone set, at 8 cts. . . . 70 32
877 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . . 157 86
122 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts. . . 30 50
390 18
Work done by Sewer Division
Work done by Bi'idge Division
$4,081 95
$619 33
$1,286 60
STREET IMPROVEMENTS. ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 6.
Broadway, from Gardner place, 150 ft. easterly.
Paid to H. Gore & Co. :
647 8 sq. yds. Sicilian rock asphalt, at $3.75 . . . $2,429 25
Extra work :
11.7 sq. yds. block paving and concrete founda-
tions, at $3.75 $43 88
10 sq. yds. block paving, at 40 cts. . . . 4 00
304 lin. ft. edgestone set, at 18 cts. . . . 54 72
419 sq. yds. brick paving, at 28 cts. . . . 117 32
Teaming 73 00
Mason- work . . . . . . . 18 15
Labor .
K), nom paving brick
311 07
80 50
140 40
$2,961 22
250
City Document No. 34.
Coye Street, Kneeland to East street.
Length, 589 ft. ; area, 1,590 sq. yds. Edgestones reset and sidewalks
relaid.
Labor, including engineering and inspection . . . $1,851 15
Teaming 748 50
Beach gravel 117 92
31,770 large granite blocks 2,335 10
256 ft. of edgestone 192 00
Paid to J. J. Sullivan :
1,424 sq. yds. cobble removed, at 24 cts 341 76
Eliot street.
Amount retained from C. B. Payson & Co. for work done
in 1892
Work done by the Sewer Division .
Work done by the Bridge Division .
$5,586
43
$552 17
$1,229
53
$2,517
53
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 7.
E. Eighth street, Old Harbor to G street.
Length, 916 ft.; area, 1,500 sq. yds. Edgestone reset and sidewalks
gravelled.
Labor, including inspection and engineering . . . $1,058 00
Teaming 399 00
Gravel 234 50
Wharfage 101 13
Advertising . 6 00
31,530 large granite blocks 2,317 46
2,000 paving brick 26 00
Paid to II. Gore & Co., for paving:
1,494.2 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. . . $373 55
855.8 feet of edgestone reset, at 8 cts. . . . 68 46
242.6 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . 43 67
E. Sixth street, K to L street.
Length, 519 ft. ; area, 1,399 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming ....
Gravel ....
Wharfage ....
30,884 large granite blocks .
5,600 paving brick
Paid to H. Gore & Co., for paving:
1,389 sq. yds. block paving laid, at 25 cts. . . $347 25
1,007.6 feet of edgestone reset, at 8 cts. . . 80 61
779 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . .140 22
10 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at 25 cts. . . 2 50
485 68
$4,627 77
$991 72
432 00
75 60
77 37
2,269 97
72 80
570 58
54,490 04
Street Department — Paving Division. 251
I Street, Fourth to Sixth street.
Length, 560 ft. ; area, 1,742 sq. yds. Resurfacing.
Labor $250 70
Teaming 45 00
Macadamizing ......... 850 81
Gravel and blocks 231 70
$1,378 21
Amount paid out of the appropriation for Street Improve-
ments, Aldermanic District No. 7 . . $250 70
Amount paid out of the appropriation for
Paving Division 1,127 51
$1.378 21
Third Street, E to Dorchester street, and I to L street.
Length, 2,478 ft. ; area, 7,710 sq. yds, Resurfacing.
Labor $630 28
Teaming, including roller 457 50
Gravel and stone 1,962 18
$3,049 96
Work done by the Sewer Division $1,073 87
Work done by the Bridge Division ..... $1,292 94
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 8.
Randolph Street, Harrison avenue to Albany street.
Length, 807 ft. ; area, 2,331 sq. yds.
Labor $1,258 10
Gravel . 819 11
55,033 large granite blocks 4,044 93
$6,1 22 14
Savoy street, Washington street to Harrison avenue.
Length, 320 ft. ; area, 602 sq. yds. Paving roadway, setting edge-
stones, and laying sidewalks.
Labor $949 10
Teaming 502 50
Beach gravel ......... 54 27
Advertising ......... 6 30
22,480 small granite blocks 1,079 04
275 feet of edgestone 213 75
$2,8 04 96
Work done by the Sewer Division $536 11
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 9.
Tremont Street, Huntington avenue to Heath street.
Length, 2,121 ft. ; area, 4,428 sq. yds. Resurfacing.
Labor $419 DO
Teaming, including rolling ...... 690 00
Carried forward, $1,109 00
252
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Gravel
Stone .
$1,109 00
712 30
1,977 89
"Work done by the Sewer Division .
Work done by the Bridge Division .
$3,799
19
$383 32
$4,914
26
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO. 10.
Centre street, Eliot square to New Heath street.
Length, 2,000 ft.; area, 6,123 sq. yds. 8-inch macadam. Edgestones
reset, sidewalks relaid, gutters re'laid, and crossings laid.
Labor $1,196 08
Teaming, including rolling ...... 2,125 50
Gravel 1,783 65
Sand 2,035 09
Stone 2,840 00
99.5 feet of circular edgestone 129 35
1,482 feet of edgestone and 2 small corners . . . 1,118 20
56,800 paving brick 436 75
18,900 gutter blocks 378 00
Advertising ' 22 50
Paid to Win. McEleney, for paving:
3,051 feet of edgestone reset, at 8 cts. . . $244 08
1,795 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. . . 448 75
1,382 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. . . 248 76
120 sq. yds. brick paving, h. b., at 36 cts. . 43 20
984 79
Dean avenue.
Filling
$13,049 91
$767 50
Kemble street, G-erard street, westerly, 318 feet
Length. 318 ft. ; area, 1,143 sq. yds.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Teaming .....
Gravel .....
Filling .....
21,150 large granite blocks
576 feet of edgestone .
Paid to Doherty & O'Leary. for paving:
1,143.4 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
636 feet edgestone reset, at 8 cts.
73.4 sq. yds. crossings laid, at 25 cts.
$285 85
50 88
18 35
$572 23
447 00
712 80
332 50
1,554 53
432 00
"Work done by the Sewer Division
76 45
Steeet Department — Paving Division.
253
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO.
Concrete Sidewalks.
Paid to Simpson Bros.
11.
2,032.5 sq. yds. concrete laid, W. Roxbury
1,966.8 sq. yds. concrete laid, Brighton
$1,860 92
1,918 66
$8,779 58
Henskaw Street, Market to Cambridge street.
Length, 799 ft. ; area, 2,940 sq. yds. 8-in. macadam. Grading, edge-
stones set, gutters paved, crosswalks laid, and sidewalks gravelled.
Labor
Teaming, including rolling
Gravel ....
Stone
Advertising
24,000 gutter blocks .
1,532 T 8 2 feet of edgestone, )
1 large and 8 small corners, $
158 T 2 o feet of circular edgestone
2,400
55
1,230
00
1,653
05
1,569
50
15
75
480
00
1,181
90
176
24
8,302 99
Peter Parley street, Forest Hills street to Walnut avenue.
Length, 1,132 ft. ; area, 3,271 sq. yds. 12-inch. Telford macadam.
Grading, edgestones set, gutters paved, sidewalks gravelled, and
crossings laid.
Labor
Teaming, including rolling
Gravel ....
Stone
25,000 gutter blocks .
2,200 ft. edgestone and 4 small corners
208 T 2 2 ft. circular edgestone
Paid to T. H. & S. D. Payson, for paving:
2,706.5 ft. of edgestone reset, at 8 cts.
959.4 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
$1,702 95
1,450 00
1,272 00
3,080 25
797 55
1,663 40
208 17
$216 52
239 85
456 37
$10,630 69
Washington street, Poplar to Albano street.
Resurfacing, edgestone set, sidewalks gravelled, and gutters
Retaining-wall built.
Labor i
Teaming
Gravel
Stone
Sundries ..........
30,950 small granite blocks ......
Paid to James Doonan :
137.3 perches mortar wall .......
Paid to T. II. & S. I). Payson:
1,736.3 feel of edgestone reset, at 8 cts.
793 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
411 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts. .
$138 90
198 26
74 52
paved.
1622 03
868 50
752 76
845 50
112 50
690 05
664 38
411 68
t'urrit d forir.ard,
$4,967 40
254
City Document No. 34.
$4,967 40
1,871 03
3,096 37
$4,967 40
Brought forward,
Amount paid out of appropriation for Street
Impi-ovements, Aldermanic District No.
11
Amount paid out of appropriation for Pav-
ing: Division ......
Wirt Street, Washington to Henshaw street. "^^~- —
Length, 287 ft. ; area, 829 sq. yds. Grading, edgestone reset, side-
walks gravelled, and gutters paved.
Labor $713 70
Teaming, including rolling ...... 402 00
Gravel ' . . . . ■ . 687 40
Stone 1,211 00
34.5 feet circular edgestone 44 85
Work done by the Sewer Division
33, 058 95
STREET IMPROVEMENTS, ALDERMANIC DISTRICT NO.
Beale street, Dorchester avenue to N.Y., N.H., & H. R.R.
Length, 535 ft. ; area, 1,493 sq. yds. 6-inch macadam.
gravelled.
Labor . . . . . . . .
Teaming, including rolling ......
Gravel . - .
Stone
Advertising-
12.
Sidewalks
$343
25
134
50
158
40
652
75
14
25
Dorchester avenue.
Grade damages .
Glen road.
Labor and material
$1,303 15
5,355 00
$507 40
Park street, Washington to Whitfield street,
edgestone, and paving gutters.
Grading, setting
Labor .
Teaming
Gravel .
Stone .
Advertising ......
Paid to Chas. J. Coates, for paving :
1,919.6 feet of edgestone reset, at Sets.
700 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts. .
$153 57
175 00
$880 90
640 50
488 40
50 08
7 20
328 57
52,395 65
Sydney Street, Savin Hill avenue to Hartland street, grading,
edgestone set, sidewalks laid, gutters paved, and crossings laid.
Length, 1,255 ft. ; area, 3,626 sq. yds. 8-in. macadam.
Labor $783 15
Teaming, including rolling 544 00
Carried forward,
[,327 15
Steeet Department — Paving Division.
255
Brought forivard,
$1,327 15
Gravel ......
407 55
Sand .....
358 20
Stone .....
1,429 57
Advertising ....
7 80
970 feet of edgestone .
727 92
8,250 paving brick
99 00
36,067 gutter blocks .
792 42
Paid to Chas. J. Coates :
2,555 feet of edgestone reset, at 8 cts.
. $204 4i
898.1 sq. yds. block paving, at 25 cts.
224
53
1,780.6 sq. yds. brick paving, at 18 cts.
320
51
749 44
$5,899 05
Work done by the Sewer Division
•
$908 81
Tale Street, Ward 15. Grading.
$269 78
1,105 double loads of filling, at 50 cts.
552 50
891 single loads of filling, at 25 cts. .
222 75
$1,045 03
Amount of appropriation for Vale street .
. $1,000 00
Amount paid out of Paving Division .
45
03
$1,045 03
West Newton Street, Ward 18, Shawmut avenue to Wash-
ington street.
Amount retained from Metropolitan Construction Company
on their contract in 1892 $172 98
Amount of appropriation for West Newton
street $161 26
Amount paid out of Paving Division . 11 72
$172 98
West Third street, Ward 13, A street to 150 ft. from E street.
Length, 1,984 ft. : area, 7,173 sq. yds. 9-in. macadam.
$441 27
16 50
200 00
625 00
3,016 50
Labor
Advertising
Steam-roller
Gravel
2,011 tons of macadan
Amount of appropriation for West Third
street $1,900 00
Amount paid out of Street Improvements,
Aldevmanic District .No. 6 . . . 2,399 27
t,299 27
1,299 27
Whiting street, Ward 21. (Unfinished.)
Paid td J. J. Xawn :
800 en. yds. rock excavation, at $2.00 .... $1,600 00
WorthingtOn street, Ward 22, resurfacing.
Labor and material $1,000 00
256
City Document No. 34.
SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES UNDER SPECIAL
APPROPRIA TIONS.
Total Amount Expended.
to Broadway bridge
Margin and Salem streets
Dorchester
Allston bridge
Baker street, Ward 23
Beacon street, Ward 25
Brent street
Bristol street
Broadway, Harrison avenue
Chardon street
Cherry street
Commonwealth avenue
Congress and L streets
Cooper street, between No
Cranston street .
Dickens street
Dorchester avenue, paving, Wards 15 and 24
Dorchester street, between Eighth street and
avenue .......
Eighth street, L to O street, edgestones, etc.
Englewood avenue and Sutherland road
Ereeport street . . . .
Grant street
Harbor View street ....
Harvard street, construction
Houghton street, macadamizing .
Howell street, construction
Humboldt avenue extension, grade damages
Hunneman street, grading and constructing
Jackson street, construction
L street, grading, etc. (See Congress and L str
La Grange street .....
Landing, East Boston ....
Lehigh street, paving .....
Lexington avenue .....
Ninth street, Old Harbor street to N street, macadamizing
Norfolk street, Milton street to Corbett street
Park street, Charlestown
Parmenter street, construction
River street ....
Savin Hill avenue
Sawyer avenue .
Short street, Ward 23
Smith street, eonsti'uction .
South Margin street, between
street ....
Stanton sti'eet
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No
Bennington street
Border street .
Condor street .
Maverick street
New street
Sewers
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No
Mystic avenue .
Rutherford avenue .
Carried forward,
Pitts street an
eets.)
d Prospect
$2,504 56
649 60
108 90
4,70-1 26
3.549 96
7,782 42
409 83
65 10
266,246 65
17,646 50
1,627 50
1,158 20
2,073 21
4.499 92
496 87
2,690 72
8,528 52
10,849 55
241 52
612 96
11,804 36
6.550 40
7,041 98
225 52
963 45
1.500 00
6,406 76
500 00
11,778 98
2,135 30
6,374 67
8,152 86
1,168 02
3,052 35
10,377 82
810 40
2,713 44
1,935 73
2,008 10
4,500 00
2,777 00
22,819 52
410 67
3,122 44
3,233 91
2,871 14
1,542 32
4,574 96
14,223 42
$482,022 27
Street Department — Paving Division. 257
Brought forward, $482,022 27
South Eden street ........ 4,810 69
Sewers ... '705 18
Street Improvements, Aklermanic District No. 3 :
Exchange street 3,683 75
Fulton place . 3,223 39
Market street 1,014 17
Sewers 410 36
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 4 :
Arch street 3,161 28
Beacon street 5,948 48
Spring lane 1^966 15
Sewers 334 44
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 5 :
Beacon street ......... 22,124 00
Carver street 7,029 92
Dwight street 8^320 3S
West Chester pai'k 4,081 95
Sewers '619 33
Bridges 1,286 60
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 6 :
Broadway 2,961 22
Cove street . 5,586 43
Eliot street 552 17
Sewers 1,229 53
Bndges 2,517 53
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 7 :
E. Eighth street 4,627 77
E. Sixth street 4,490 04
I street l|378 21
Third street 3,049 96
Sewers 1,073 87
Bridges 1,292 94
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 8 :
Randolph street 6,122 14
Savoy street 2,804 96
Sewers '536 n
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 9 :
Tremont street 3,799 19
Sewers '333 32
Bridges 4,914 26
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 10:
Centi-e street 13,049 91
Dean avenue ......... 767 50
Kemble street 4,406 14
Sewers '776 45
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 11 :
Concrete sidewalks 3,779 58
Henshaw street ........ 8,302 99
Peter Parley street 10,630 69
Washington street ........ 4,967 40
Wirt street 3,'o58 95
Sewers 5,557 47
Street Improvements, Aldermanic District No. 12 :
Beale street . 1,303 15
Dorchester avenue ........ 8,355 00
Glen road ,,07 40
Park street 2,895 r>.">
Carried forward, $660,920 27
258 City Document No. 34.
Brought forward, $660,920 27
Sydney street . . . 5,899 05
Sewers 908 81
Vale street 1,045 03
West Newton street, Washington street to Shawm ut
avenue 172 98
West Third street 4,299 27
Whiting street, Ward 21 ...... 1,600 00
Worthington street . 1,000 00
Laying out and Construction of Highways :
Batavia street ......... 9,063 73
Bay State road ........ 10,634 20
Deerfield street ........ 3,098 18
Miner street 7,021 19
Sidewalk construction ....... 21,771 74
Total $727,434 45
Less amount paid out of appropriation for Paving Division . 19,632 96
Total ..>>..... $707,801 49
Street Department — Paving Division.
259
LAYING OUT AND CONSTRUCTION OF HIGHWAYS.
Under Chap. 323 of the Acts of 1891 as amended in 1892.
Batavia street, St. Stephen to Parker street.
Labor, including engineering and inspection
Advertising
Filling
Paid to James Grant & Co. :
411 cu. yds. subgrading, at 25 cts.
1,107 sq. yds. Telford base, at 65 cts.
2,042 sq. yards macadam, at 45 cts.
664.7 sq. yds. gutters paved, at $2.40
1,015.3 feet of edgestone, at 84 cts.
849.7 sq. yds. brick sidewalks, at $1.05
31.3 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at $4.95
6 catch-basins, at $100
691 cu. yds. gravel filling, at $1.35
1,076.5 feet of old edgestone set, at 19 cts.
723.9 sq. yds. old brick sidewalks laid, at
65 cts
Extra work as ordered :
103.9 sq. yds. gutters paved, at
431 c ts $45 20
8.2 sq. yds. flagging crosswalks,
at 431 cts 3 57
Relocating catch-basins, raising sewer
manholes, raising coal-holes, and build-
ing curbs around windows :
15 days' labor, at $2 . . . $30 00
3 days, stone-cutter, at $4.50 . 13 50
7 days 5.5 hours, mason, at $6.50, 49 46
15£ days, tender, at $2.50 . . 38 06
2,900 hard bricks, at $12 per M., 34 80
4 barrels cement, at $1.25 . . 5 00
Loam grading :
111 cu. yds. loam, at $1.50 . $166 50
3£ days' labor, at $2 . . . 7 55
Seed 1 48
Resetting edgestone, gutters, and furnish-
ing chip stone :
1* days, paver, at $4.50 . . $6 50
9$ days' labor, at $2 . . . 19 78
18 double loads stone chips, at
$2.50 45 00
2 double loads gravel, at $2 . 4 00
47 T 5 2 linear feet edgestone set and furnished,
at $1.50
Macadam on St. Stephen street :
14 double loads crushed stone,
at $6 $84 00
$102 75
719 55
918 00
1,595 28
852 85
892 19
154 94
600 00
932 85
204 54
470 54
7,443 49
48 77
170 82
175 53
$361 20
98 94
794 20
Carried forward,
$84 00
75 28
71 12
$7,985 91 $1,254 31
260 City Document No. 34.
Brought forward, $84 00 $7,985 91 $1,254 34
3 double loads stone dust, at $5.50, 16 50
4 days 3.5 hours, labor, at $2 . 8 78
11 days' steam-roller, at $16 . 24 00
133 28
Add 15% on $674.80 .... 101 22
8,220 41
$9,474 75
Amount retained from James Grant & Co. . . . 411 02
$9,063 73
Bay State road, Raleigh to Sherborn street.
(Work unfinished.)
Labor $308 20
Advertising 122 69
Paid to James Killian :
542 cu. yds sub-grading, at 35 cts. . . $189 70
4,591 sq. yds. macadam (unfinished), at 45
ets 2,065 95
889 sq. yds. gutters paved, at $2.60 . . 2,311 40
2,556 lin. ft. edgestone, at 98 cts. . . 2,504 88
2,247 sq. yds. gravel sidewalk (unfinished),
at 43 cts 966 21
75 sq. yds. flagging crossings, at $1.20 . 90 00
4,614 cu. yds gravel filling, at 84 cts. . 3,875 76
— : 12,003 90
$12,434 79
Amount retained from James Killian 1,800 59
$10,634 20
Deerfleld street, Commonwealth avenue to Charles river.
(Work unfinished.)
Labor $197 40
Advertising 78 20
Paid to James Killian :
87 cu. yds. sub-grading, at 35 cts. . . $30 45
579 sq. yds. macadam (unfinished) , at 40 cts., 231 60
317 sq. yds. gutters paved, at $2.60 . . 824 20
1,037 lin ft. of edgestone, at 97 cts. . . 1,005 89
130 sq. yds. gravel walks (unfinished), at
43 cts 55 90
1,396 cu. yds. gravel filling, at 84 cts. . 1.172 64
3,320 68
$3,596 28
Amount retained from James Killian ..... 498 10
$3,098 18
Miner street.
(Work unfinished.)
Labor $355 77
Advertising 108 74
1,414 cu. yds. filling 1,117 06
Carried forward, $1,581 5"
Street Department — Paving Division.
261
1,581 57
Brought forward,
Paid to John Sutherland :
Building retaining-wall No. 1
Building retaining-wall No. 2
Paid to Doherty & O'Leary :
154 cu. yds. sub-grading, at 30 ets.
933 sq. yds. Telford base, at 80 cts. .
933 sq. yds. macadam (unfinished), at 20
cts .
254 sq. yds. gutters paved, at $2.31 .
616 lin. ft. edgestone, at $1.11 .
481 sq. yds. brick sidewalk, at $1.25 .
22 sq. yds. flagging ci'osswalks, at $3.95
425 sq. yds. gravel filling, at §\.\1\ .
Amount retained from Doherty & O'Leary
NEW EDGESTONE.
The following tables show the amount of new edgestone set during
the year :
City Proper.
Wards 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16. 17, and 18. (Paving Districts
Nos. 8, 9, and 10.)
Lin. ft.
Cambria and Dalton streets ....... 208
Fairfield street .......... 127
North Hudson street 283
Savoy street i 275
St. Botolph street 188
Sundry streets in small quantities 37
$875 90
1,298
35
2,174
25
$46 20
746
40
186
60
586
74
683
76
601
25
86
90
499
38
3,437
23
$7,193 05
.
171
86
$7,021 19
PtOXBURY.
Wards 19, 20, 21, and 22. (Districts 7, 10, and 11.)
Alexander street
Beacon street
Bickford and Centre streets
Centre street
Commonwealth avenue
Eldora and Sunset streets
Gannett street .
Gaston street
Ilammett street .
Howard avenue .
Howland street .
Humboldt avenue
Intervale street .
Kemble street
Kingsbury street
Carried forivard,
1,118
Lin. ft.
467
442
187
1,788
5,368
226
983
153
118
209
279
461
664
1,337
291
12,973
262
City Document No. 34.
BorugJd forward,
Leyland street . . . .
Townsend street
Walnut avenue and Cobden street
Winthrop street ....
Sundry streets in small quantities
Lin. ft.
12,973
628
323
199
248
608
14,979
South Boston.
Wards 13, 14, and 15. {District No. 1.)
Lin. ft.
East Fifth street 115
East Sixth street . 50
East Third street 264
Howell street 1,146
L street 2,614
Story street . . . 186
East Boston.
Wards 1 and 2. {District No. 2.)
Condor street ....
Falcon street ....
West Eagle and Brooks streets .
Sundry streets in small quantities
4,375
Lin. ft.
241
1,548
129
51
1,969
Dorchester.
Ward 24. {District No. 6.)
Lin. ft.
792
230
2,184
1,383
103
Adams street .........
Blue Hill avenue
Harvard street
Houghton street
Lawrence avenue ........
Park street 1,892
Savin Hill avenue ■ . . 97
Stanley street . . . 1,054
Sydney street 2,535
Washington street 197
Sundry streets in small quantities 120
1 0,587
West Roxbury.
Ward 23. {Districts 5 and 11.)
Lin. ft.
Brookside avenue . 160
Centre street 252
Lamartine street . . . . . . . . 240
Peter Parley street 2,316
Poplar street 347
School street 190
St. Joseph street 845
AVise and Roys streets 445
4,795
Street Department — Paving Division.
263
Brighton.
Ward 25. {District No. 4.)
Lin. ft.
Alcott street 1,057
Commonwealth avenue . 888
Henshaw street .......... 1,034
Sparhawk street 250
Wirt street 802
3,981
Recapitulation.
Lin. ft.
City Proper 1,118
Roxbury 14,979
South Boston 4,375
East Boston 1,969
Dorchester 10,587
West Roxbury 4,795
Brighton 3,981
41,804
NEW BRICK SIDEWALKS.
The following tables show the number of square yards of new brick
sidewalks laid during the past year.
City Proper.
Wards 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, and 18.
8, 9, and 10.)
(Paving Districts Nos.
Albany and East Newton streets
Beacon street
Cambria and Dalton streets
Fairfield street .
North Hudson street .
St. Botolph street
Sundry streets in small quantities
Sq. yds.
173
229
110
119
133
157
43
964
Roxbury.
Wards 19, 20, 21, and 22. (Districts Nos. 7, 10, and 11.)
Sq. yds.
Alexander street 342
Bay State road 260
Beacon street 369
Biekford and Centre streets 177
Blue Hill avenue 243
Centre street 614
Dale street ........... 511
Gannett street 685
Howard avenue .......... 155
Howland street 235
Humboldt avenue 371
Intervale street ... ....... 407
Kingsbury street 231
Leyland street 270
Carried forward, 4,870
264 City Document No. 34.
Sq. yds.
Brought forward, 4,870
Munroe street 109
Walnut avenue and Cobden streets 144
Sundry streets in small quantities 789
5,912
South Boston.
Wards 13, 14, and 15. {District No. 1 .)
Sq. yds.
Broadway 87
East Fifth street 98
East Third street 270
Story street 75
Sundry streets in small quantities 221
751
East Boston.
Wards 1 and 2. {District No. 2.)
Sq. S'ds.
Falcon street 1,290
Maverick street . 254
Meridian street . 271
New street . 164
West Eagle and Brooks streets 101
Sundry streets in small quantities 117
2,197
Dorchester.
Ward 24. {District No. 6.)
Sq. yds.
Columbia street . . . • . . . . 278
Dorchester avenue 130
Sydney street . 1,613
Washington street ......... 275
Sundry streets in small quantities 116
2,412
West Roxbury.
Ward 23. {Districts 5 and 11.)
Sq. yds.
Centre street 228
Chestnut avenue 76
Sundry streets in small quantities 46
350
Charlestown.
Wards 3, 4, and 5. {District No. 3.)
Sq. yds.
South Eden street 175
Street Department — Paving Division.
265
Recapitulation.
Sq. yds.
City Proper 964
Roxbury 5 912
South Boston 751
East Boston 2.197
Dorchester 2.412
West Roxbury 350
Charlestown 175
12,761
DRIVEWAYS AND SIDEWALKS.
The following table shows the number of square yards of blockstone
driveways and concrete sidewalks laid in the various sections of the
city during the year :
City Proper . .
East Boston. .
Roxbury
"West Roxbury
Dorchester . . .
Brighton
671
Driveway,
Concrete,
sq. yds.
sq
yds.
10
17
348
372
16
203
589
77
842
1,803
PROPERTY IN CHARGE OF THE DEPUTY SUPERINTEND-
ENT OF PAVING DIVISION.
Buildings and wharf on Albany street, opposite Sharon street. The
building is of brick and wocd, and covers some 8,000 square feet of
land, and is divided into a shed for storage, blacksmith's and carpen-
ter's shops, tool-room, and stable. The total contents of the lot, includ-
ing wharf and building, are 63,180 square feet.
Fort-hill Wharf, containing 21,054 square feet, placed in charge of
the Paving Department May 18, 1874, to be used for the landing and
storage of paving-blocks and gravel until such time as said wharf shall
be wanted for the extension of Oliver street. A part of said wharf is
occupied by a tenant-at-will, at $500 per annum, part by Sanitary
Division.
Lot on Chelsea, Marion, and Paris streets, East Boston, containing
43,550 square feet. Part of this lot vised by the Sewer Division.
Ledge lot on Washington street, corner Dimock street, Roxbury. con-
taining 134,671 square feet. Upon this lot are buildings containing a
steam-engine and stone-crusher.
Ilighland-st. Stable lot. Upon this lot is a large brick stable,
erected in 1873, and occupied by the Sanitary and Paving Divisions;
also a brick building used as a blacksmith's shop, and a shed for the
storage of tools, etc.
Ledge lot on Codman street, Dorchester, containing 299,000 square
feet, was purchased in 1870. Upon this lot is a shed containing a steam-
engine and stone-crusher, also a stable and tool-houso.
266 City Document No. 34.
On the Almshouse lot, Hancock street, Dorchester, there are two
stables, also a shed and tool-house.
Ledge lot on Magnolia street and Bird place, Dorchester, containing
81,068 square feet. This lot was piu'chased by the town of Dorchester
in 1867.
Downer-avenue lot, Dorchester, containing 35,300 square feet.
West Roxbury. — On Child street, a lot of land containing 43,024
square feet, upon which are a stable and shed, blacksmith's shop and
tool-house.
Gravel Lots. — In the town of Milton, on Brush Hill road, containing
64,523 square feet, hired by the town of Dorchester for nine hundred
and ninety-nine years. Morton street, Ward 23, containing about one-
third of an acre, purchased by the town of West Roxbury in 1890, used
for storage purposes.
Ledge and gravel lot, rear of Union street, containing about 37,000
square feet, purchased by the town of Brighton. This lot is at present
leased.
Gravel and stones on lot on Market street, Ward 25, purchased by
town of Brighton.
Ledge lot on Chestnut Hill avenue, Brighton, containing about 13
acres, upon which are an office, engine-house, stable, and crusher plant.
On Medford street, Charlestown, a wharf lot, foot of Elm street, con-
taining 8,000 feet, upon which are sheds, office, stable, etc.
Property belonging to the Paving Division, consisting of 94 horses,
66 carts, 19 water-carts, 15 wagons, 6 steam-rollers, 7 stone-crushers,
and 7 engines.
In South Boston, corner of H and Ninth streets: stable, carriage-
house, shed, tool-house, and office, on leased land.
On Hereford street : a yard with shed, tool-house, and office.
Wharf, known as Atkins 1 wharf, 521 Commercial street, purchased
in 1887 for $24,000, containing 22,553 square feet, having on it an office
and stable.
On Boylston street, at Boylston Station, office and shed.
Respectfully submitted,
C. R. Cutter,
Deputy Superintendent Paving Division.
Street Department — Sanitary Division. 267
APPENDIX C.
REPORT OF DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
SANITARY DIVISION.
Street Department, Sanitary Division,
12 Beacon Street, Boston, February 9, 1894.
H. H. Carter, Esq., Superintendent of Streets :
Dear Sir : Herewith I send you a statement of the doings of
the Sanitary Division during the year 1893, showing the expendi-
tures and income of this division from February 1, 1893, to
January 31, 1894.
George W. Forristall, Deputy Superintendent, died Januarv
12, 1894.
Philip A. Jackson,
Acting Deputy Superintendent.
FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
Amount of appropriation ..... $470,000 00
Transferred from Paving Division .... 15,000 00
$485,000 00
Total amount of expenditures .... 481,300 63
Balance transferred to city treasury . . . $3,699 37
Items of Expenditures.
Amount expended.
For salaries of Deputy Superintendent and clerks in
office . . .■ $8,511 60
For labor in collecting and removing house-dirt and
ashes ......... 152,467 55
For labor in collecting and removing house-offal . 102,456 34
For labor of foremen, mechanics, watchmen, and
feeders 26,448 74
For labor of men employed in stables and yards . 13,451 87
For grain used in stables ..... 24,061 34
Carried forward, $327,397 44
2(58
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
For hay and straw used in stables .
For horses .......
For stock and tools used in blacksmith-shop .
For stock and tools used in wheelwright-shop .
For stock and tools used in harness-shop
For stock and tools used in paint-shop
For extra teams, collecting ashes and house-dirt
For extra teams, collecting house-offal
For repairs on stables and sheds
For fuel, gas, and electric lights
For veterinary services and medicines for horses
For shoeing horses (outside shops)
For printing, stationery, and advertising
For water-rates ......
For offal stock, consisting of buckets, etc.
For ash stock, consisting of cart-covers, baskets, etc.,
For stable stock, consisting of curry-combs, brushes,
soap, etc. ........
For dumping-boat, rental, royalty, towage, etc.
For collecting house-dirt and ashes in East Boston .
For collecting house-dirt and ashes in South Boston,
east of Dorchester st. .....
For collecting house-dirt and ashes in Dorchester,
south of Park, School, and Harvard sts.
For collecting house-dirt and ashes in West Roxbury,
south of Seaver and Boylston sts.
For collecting house-offal in Brighton
For collecting house-offal in Eust Boston
For incidental expenses :
Telephone expenses .... $350 30
Board of horses .... 506 89
Committee expenses, "Disposal of
Offal" . . . . . . 1,525 00
Travelling expenses . . . . 166 30
Damage, by city teams . . . 74 19
Inspectors' badges . . . . 37 00
Newspapers ..... 6 00
Miscellaneous supplies for office and
yards ...... 74 76
Total
$327,397 44
16,730 98
8,625 00
3,033 28
2,880 31
1,499 86
666 19
43,506 50
8,780 00
944 77
2,021 32
548 09
662 60
1,298 66
810 30
353 41
339 59
937 77
24,559 08
10,325 50
4,791 60
2,904 19
4,143 75
2,800 00
8,000 00
(,740 44
$481,300 63
Revenue.
Amount of moneys deposited and bills presented to the City
Collector for collection, for material sold and work -performed by
the Sanitary Division of the Street Department during the year
ending January 31 , 1894 :
Street Department — Sanitary Division.
260
Moneys dej^osited with the City Collector.
From sale of house-offal . . . $20,790 03
From sale of a condemned horse . . 50 00
From letting of scow privileges . . 822 01
Bills deposited with the City Collector.
For the removal of engine ashes . . $5,862 75
For the sale of manure .... 906 51
For the sale of ashes and house-dirt . 3,013 97
For the sale of house-offal . . . 99 00
For the sale of tin cans . . . 502 05
For the letting of scow privileges . . 9 95
$21,662 01
10,394 23
!,056 27
Amount collected by the City Collector
$28,969.27
Amount expended for the Collection of House-dirt and Ashes and
House-offal, Labor and Contracts.
Districts.
City Proper .
South Boston
East Boston .
Charlestown .
Roxbury
West Roxbury
Dorchester . .
Brighton ....
Totals . . .
Expended for collecting.
Ashes.
$99,869 05
'7,230 10
2 10,325 50
11 886 00
24,456 00
3 8,137 75
4 10,080 19
2,648 00
174,632 59
Offal.
55^.303 34
7,686 00
5 8,000 00
5,550 00
14,030 00
7,444 00
11,443 00
6 2,800 00
.$113,256 34
Ashes Contract.
1 F. J. Mohan . .
$4,791 60 for territory east of Dorchester street.
"
- P. Morrison . .
10,325 50 " "
in East Boston.
"
3 James Doonan .
4,143 75 "
south of S caver and Boylston
streets.
"
4 John Bradley . .
2,904 19 " "
south of Park, School, and
Harvard streets.
Offal Contract.
5 Thomas Mulligan,
8,000 CO " "
of East Boston.
"
'> Allen Clarke . .
2,800 00 " "
of Brighton.
Total Cost for Removal of House-dirt, Ashes, and House-offal.
House-dirt and Ashes Account.
Expended for labor, per pay-rolls .
Expended for stock, etc., per ledger account .
Expended on contract, part of
South Boston . . . $4,791 60
Carried forward,
$152,467 55
124,211 62
$4,791 60 $276,679 17
270
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward, $4,791 60
Expended on contract, part of
Dorchester .... 2,904 19
Expended on contract, part of
West Roxbury . . . 4,143 75
Expended on contract, East Bos-
ton 10,325 50
6276,679 17
22,165 04
,844 21
House-offal Account.
Expended for labor, per pay-rolls . . . .$102,456 34
Expended for stock, etc., per ledger account . 57,948 04
Expended on contract, East Boston, $8,000 00
Expended on contract, Brighton . 2,800 00
Salaries .
Incidentals
10,800 00
^8,511 60
2,740 44
171,204 38
11,252 04
$481,300 63
Material collected by Districts.
Teams.
Material.
Yards.
South.
West
Roxb'y-
Ch'rlest'n.
E.Boston.
Brigh'n
Total
Loads.
House-dirt and
128,930
33,829
84,341
70,615
9,931
17,898
2,516
13,372
3,744
5,415
1,395
320,571
51,415
162,759
84,341
80,546
20,414
17,116
6,810
371,986
Street Department — Sanitary Division.
271
Disposition of Material collected.
Where dumped.
Loads
house-dirt
and ashes.
Loads
house-
offal.
Street-sweep-
ings, Street-
Cleaning Div.
Total
loads.
First street. East Cambridge ....
27,990
20,955
15,259
18,163
15,164
14,073
12,059
10,544
9,218
8,464
8,110
6,012
5,945
5,806
5,420
4,340
46,332
86,717
27,990
20,955
15,259
18,163
15,164
14,073
Mill Pond, Charlestown
12,059
10,544
9,218
Brookside avenue, Roxbury ....
8,4*4
8,110
6,012
5,945
5,806
5.420
Bryant street, Eoxbury
4,340
2,243
13,197
30,836
3,744
1,395
33,740
48,575
133,654
30,836
East Boston, by Thomas Mulligan
3,744
1,395
320,571
51,415
33,740
405,726
Comparative Table shoAving Cost of collecting Ashes and Offal and
delivering same at Dumps.
Cost per cart-load, including administration expenses . . . $1.29
" " " minus " "... 1.26
" " " of ashes, labor only ...... .81
" " " " " hired teams, including contracts . . .62
" " " " " labor, hired teams, and contracts . .73
" " " " offal, labor only 2.43
" " " " " hired teams, including contracts . . 2.09
" " " labor, hired teams, and contracts . 2.37
" " scow-load to transport garbage to sea . . . . 92.18
" " cart-load " " «!•»«« .... .21
272
City Document No. 34.
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Street Department — Sanitary Division.
273
Expenses of Dumping-boats.
Amount expended for Royalties (per year)
" " " Rental " "
$1,500 00
5,275 50
Towingby department tow-boat *$4, 091 84
Towing by hired tow-boat . 4,652 98
"Wharfage .....
Repairs on boats . . . $4,126 18
" wharf ... 627 05
Labor, captain . . . $1,500 00
" crew and dumpers . 3,800 05
Dredging .....
Insurance .....
Incidentals, Disinfectants . $126 52
Inspection of scows 71 00
Manila rope . 36 99
Telephone . 30 00
Blocks, cleats, etc., 24 75
Compass . . 25 00
Log ... 18 00
Marine glass . 12 00
Stove, etc. . . 14 00
Coal ... 10 90
Salt ... 6 00
Hoops, etc. . 2 00
* Paid Sewer Division towards maintenance of boat.
Number of trips to sea by department tow-boat
Number of trips to sea by hired tow-boat .
3,775 50
8,744 82
1,833 37
4,753 23
5,300 05
600 00
100 00
377 16
5,484 13
202
107
309
Cost per trip, $92.18.
Number of cart-loads of garbage carried to sea, 133,654.
Cost per cart-load, 21 cents.
April 14, 1893, department tow-boat, the " Cormorant," commenced work.
Number of Carts collecting House-dirt, Ashes, and Offal.
Offal wagons owned by Sanitary Division ....
" " in use " Thomas Mulligan, East Boston .
" Allen Clark, Brighton
Capacity of Offal-wagons.
During the fall of 1892, 24 offal-wagons were measured and
contents weighed for the purpose of obtaining the capacity of
wagons and the weight of offal per cart-load. Their capacity
averaged 3\\j cord ft., or 56.25 cu. ft., and the weight averaged
3,115 lbs. A cord equals 128 cu. ft., or 7.091 lbs. Price per
cord for offal same as 1892: South yard, $4.00; Highland
yard, 85.00; Charlestown yard, $4.00.
Ash-carts.
Ash-carts owned by Sanitary Division
" in use " Wm. F. Hedrington, East Boston
" " " James Doonan, West Roxbury
" " " John Bradley, Dorchester
" " " Francis J. Mohan, South Boston
Market-wagons owned by Sanitary Division .
Grand total .......
93
6
2
101
162
6
7
4
4
190
274
City Document No. 34.
Cost of Carts.
1884.
Ash-carts
. $148 00
1886.
1888.
142 00
107 00
1891.
133 00
1892.
142 00
1893.
142 00
Account of .the Number of Loads of Material collected from
1882 to February 1, 1894.
Tbae.
Ashes.
Offal.
Street-
sweepings.
Cesspool-
matter.
Total loads.
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
151,197
169,610
182,642
193,734
209,129
220,186
233,154
227,325
245,730
2 313,464
303,878
320,571
28,385
27,408
28,520
31,206
33,170
36,724
37,709
40,183
40,525
46,742
46,343
4 51,415
52,381
58,272
62,222
61,455
59,875
68,990
68,019
70,476
70,449
3 10.564
10,051
8,801
12,578
13,151
11,392
14,333
1 5,644
250,014
264,091
285,962
299,546
313,566
340,233
344,886
337,984
1890
1891
356,704
370,770
1892
350,221
371,986
1893
2,778,980
448,330
582,703
75,950
3,885,963
1 July 1, 1888, the Sewer Department commenced cleaning out cesspools.
2 Ashes from January 1, 1891, to May 1,1891 104,046
Ashes from May 1, 1891, to February 1, 1892 209,418
3 May 1, 1891, the Street-Cleaning Division commenced cleaning streets.
i Thomas Mulligan, East Boston, collected 3,744
Allen Clarke, Brighton 1,395
313,464
5,139
Stock
Labor
Cost of Horseshoeing and Blacksmithing.
Division Shop. Outside Shops.
J 1,556 79
3,311 88
$4,868 67
$667 11
Number or Shoes put on.
Horses owned by Sanitary Division
" " " Street-Cleaning Division
" " " Paving Division
Total ........
Average cost per shoe, about 35 cents.
Blacksmithing.
Teams and carts repaired at division shop.
Stock
Labor ........
10,782
2,208
834
13,824
$1,433 45
4,015 50
,448 95
Street Department — Sanitary Division. 275
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276
City Document No. 34.
Amount and Payments made nnder O'Connor Bros.
Contract for Refuse Tin Cans.
Date.
April 1
April 1
May 1
June 1
July 1
Aug. 1
Sept. 1
Dec. 1
Feb. 1
Feb. 1
1893
1894
Weight.
10 tons.
±I 2240
272A0
12H54
24.5AQ
211B90
10
128^
tons.
Price per ton.
$5.50
$5.50
.$3.50
$3.50
Less.
oq
Amount.
u
$55.00
40.77
94.89
46.09
44.39
.... ..
21.47
32.95
.34
84.88
76.45
5.80
.30
$502.69
.64
Si.
«■
$55.00
40.77
94.89>
46.09
44.39
21.47
32.61
84.88
76.45
5.50
.05
Street Department — Sanitary Division. 277
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280 City Document No. 34.
House-offal.
There are employed in removing house-offal 191 men and 101
wagons. The offal is removed from dwelling-houses twice a week
during the summer months and once a week during the winter ;
from hotels, markets, and restaurants it is removed daily. There
are sixty-two routes. The men are required to enter the yards,
collect the offal, and empty the same into wagons, then drive to
one of the depots, located as follows : one on Albany street, one
on Highland street, Roxbury, and one at the Almshouse, Charles-
town ; also to the dumping-boat wharf on Atlantic avenue.
The offal is sold to farmers of adjoining towns mostly ; the
balance is dumped on the scow and carried to sea. About 26 per
cent, of the quantity collected during the past year has been dis-
posed of in this manner.
HOUSE-DIRT AND ASHES.
In the collection of house-dirt and ashes there are employed
221 men and 190 carts. This material is removed from hotels,
tenement-houses, and stores daily ; from dwelling-houses once a
week. There are eighty-two regular routes. The City Ordinances
of 1892 require that house-dirt and ashes shall be kept in an easy,
accessible place for removal, the men being obliged to enter yards
and areas, remove receptacles to the sidewalk, where their con-
tents are loaded upon teams. The receptacle is then replaced in
its original position. The material is disposed of, if possible, on
low lands, being used for filling, and also dumped on scows to be
carried to sea. Of the amount collected last year 27 per cent,
was disposed of at sea.
During the year the removal of ashes and dirt in three sections
of the city was let out by contract, to wit : territory lying east of
Dorchester street, South Boston, part of Dorchester lying south
of Park, School, and Harvard streets, also the part of West Rox-
bury lying south of Seaver and Boylston streets.
Street Department — Sanitary Division. 2«1
Horse Account.
1893.
Br.
1893.
Cr.
Jan. 1.
On hand,
197
Jan. 29.
Died,
Jan. 3.
Purchased,
2
Feb. 21.
"
Jan. 11.
t i
2
Feb. 22.
"
Jan. 19.
"
2
March 7.
Killed,
April 3.
(C
2
May 19.
Trans, to Austin F
irm, 2
April 7.
"
2
June 16.
Died,
April 10.
u
2
June 27.
Killed,
Aug. 3.
"
1
June 29.
Died,
Aug. 10.
( (
1
Sept. 29.
Exchanged,
Sept. 12.
"
1
Oct. 6.
Killed,
Sept. 25.
i £
3
Nov. 14.
li
Oct. 31.
"
1
Dec. 14.
"
Dec. 2.
"
2
1894.
Dec. 11.
(«
2
Jan. 4.
Died,
1894.
Jan. 11.
Killed,
Jan. 5.
iC
1
Jan. 15.
"
Jan. 12.
Trans, from Pav.
Div. 1
Jan. 31.
On hand,
202
Total,
222
Total,
222
Organization, 1894.
1 deputy superintendent.
5 clerks.
4 foremen.
1 captain of scows.
5 sub-foremen.
2 inspectors.
16 mechanics.
2 talleymen or aids.
5 watchmen.
4 feeders.
4 messengers.
8 stablemen.
10 yardmen.
15 dumpers.
207 ash-cart drivers and helpers.
146 offal-cart drivers and helpers.
435 employees.
The mechanics of this division are engaged in the construction
of new wagons and carts, the painting and repairing of same,
shoeing of horses for the Paving, Street-Cleaning, and Sewer
Divisions, also the making and repairing of harnesses.
Street Department — Sewer Division. 283
APPENDIX D.
REPORT OF THE DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF
THE SEWER DIVISION.
City Hall, Room 44, Boston, February 1, 1894.
Mr. H. H. Carter, Superintendent of Streets :
Dear Sir : I herewith submit my report of work done and ex-
penditures of Sewer Division from February 1, 1893, to January
31, 1894.
Yours respectfully.
H. W. Sanborn,
Deputy Supt. Sewer Division.
284
City Document No. 34.
C3 T3 '
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MO-*ffl
1— 1 **H O OS »o O
f3,517
380
2,486
1,762
3,475
716
215
5,957
2,432
5,000
O l- »Q T)-HO(NO
O •* OS H^OCKO
OCO'M iC tD O I- N
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Street Department — Sewer Division.
285
Improved Sewerage.
Office salaries
Pumping-station, inside
Pumping-station, outside
Engines and boilers
Main and intercepting sewers
Moon Island .
Tow-boat
Stony-Brook Improvement.
Maintenance of main channel and tributaries . , .
Building, stables, and sheds, Brigh-
ton $12,539 07
Less amount furnished by Paving
Division . . . " . . 2,104 00
Stable foundation, Pynchon street ....
New tow-boat (partial payment) ....
Miscellaneous .
Office expenses, including salaries of Deputy Super-
intendent, clerks, and draughtsmen ; stationery,
drawing materials, etc. .....
Engineering expenses, including salaries of engi-
neers, instruments, etc. .....
Current expenses of 8 yards and lockers
Current expenses of 7 stables, including cost of
horses, vehicles, harnesses, etc. ....
Repairing sewers .... $11,405 97
Less amount paid by Paving Division 297 01
Cleaning and flushing sewers .....
Cleaning catch-basins ......
Repairing streets .... $620 66
Less amount furnished by Paving
Division . . . * . . 106 29
Building, repairing, and cleaning
culverts and surface drains, not in-
cluded in the Stony-brook system, $27,005 18
Less amount furnished by Paving
Division . . . . 22,459 10
Examining condition of sewers and catch-basins
Carried forward,
$500 00
49,903 05
12,758 85
5,147 04
13,370 56
14,711 14
2,944 08
£99,334 72
$10,756 34
$10,435
07
$941
50
$14,889
05
£20,473 08
26.376 85
23,808 74
28.377 54
11,108 96
13,716 60
39,525 74
514 37
4,546 08
4,631 39
$173,079 35
286
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Work for departments and others, including
spection of construction of private sewers
House connections
Water-rates . . .
Damages and claims
Holidays .....
Travelling and incidental expenses .
Repairs of department buildings, stables, and yards
Hardware, blacksmithing, and tools
Rubber goods ....
Engines and boilers, and repairs
Stock and supplies not included elsewhere
General repairs .....
$173,079 35
2,431 07
4,472 57
4,361 09
18,089 37
17,741 04
4,238 29
3,609 65
9,451 42
1,514 48
1,166 29
2,650 14
848 28
$243,653 04
Note. — The total amount expended by the Sewer and Paving Divisions, on account of
Miscellaneous Expenditures, is $266,515.44.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
287
TO
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288 City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving Divison, City Proper.
Streets.
Exchange st
Auburn st
North Hudson st
Fleet st
Washington and Water sts.
Arch st. •
Beacon st
Lehisrh st
So. Margin st
Cove st. . .
West Chester Park
Boylston st
Dwight st
Stanhope st
Randolph st
and
Catch-Basins.
Built. Repaired.
12
7
Manholes.
Built. Repaired,
Sep. street.
Rep. street.
180 ft. 12-in.
sewer.
Summary.
20 catch-basins built.
29 " repaired.
15 manholes "
Repairing streets.
180 feet 12-in. sewer.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
289
H
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290 City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving" Division, Charlestown.
Catch-Basins.
Manholes.
Built.
Repaired.
Built.
Repaired.
5
1
1 catch-basin built.
5 catch-basins repaired.
Summary.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
291
£
o
is
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13
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3
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292 City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving- Division, East Boston.
Streets.
Catch-Basins.
Manholes.
Built.
Repaired.
Built.
Repaired.
Brooks and Morris
Saratoga and Words-
worth streets . .
Bennington and Or-
leans streets
Bennington street . . .
Falcon and Meridian
1
1
1
5
1
2
Gladstone street
11 catch-basins built.
Summary.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
293
Met-
tide'
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296 City Document No. 34.
Work clone for and paid by Paving Division, Brighton.
Catch-Basins.
Streets.
Built.
Repaired.
Henshaw and Market sts. . . . .
Sparhawk and Bentley sts.. .
1
1
Filling.
/431.88 ft. 18-in.storm sewer.
602.27 ft. 24-in. "
775 ft. 3 ft. X 4 ft. 4 in.
Washington and Wirt sts. . . .
Englewood avenue and Suth-
6
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Summary.
12 catch-basins built.
Filling.
431.88 feet 18-in. storm sewer.
602.27 feet 24-in. " "
775 feet 3 ft. x 4 ft. 4 in. culvert.
611 feet 3 ft. x 3 ft. 4 in.
72 feet 4 ft. X 4 ft. wooden culvert.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
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City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving- Division, South
Boston.
Streets.
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Manholes.
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Built.
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Third St., bet. A and B sts.
1
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Mercer and Ninth sts
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Summary.
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City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving 1 Division,
Dorchester.
Streets.
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Manholes.
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Built.
Rep'd.
Houghton st. ...
Grampian Way . .
4
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1 washout.
Relaying 198 ft.
sewer.
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Brent st
3
Dorchester ave.
and Adams sts.
Harvard st
13 catch-basins built.
2 washouts ''
3 manholes "
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198 ft. sewer relaid.
Summary.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
305
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City Document No. 34.
Work done for and paid by Paving Division, Roxbury.
Streets.
Catch-Basins.
Manholes.
Built.
Repaired.
Built.
Repaired.
Blue Hill ave. . . .
Centre and Mar-
Cobden st
Beacon st., "Ward
22
1
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Commonwealth "]
ave
Essex s t . to j
Cross Roads, J
2,363 ft. 12-in., 15-
in., and 18-in. pipe
surface drain.
10 drop inlets built.
Summary.
23 catch-basins built.
10 drop inlets.
2,363 ft. 12-in., 15-in., and 18-in. pipe surface drain.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
311
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313
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315
Work done for and paid by Paving- Division,
West Koxbnry.
Streets.
Byron and School sts.
Peter Parley road
South st
Keyes st
Centre and Alaric sts.
Catch-Basins.
Manholes.
Built.
Repaired.
Built.
Repaired.
1
7
1
1
60 ft. culvert.
10 catch-basins built.
60 feet culvert.
Summary.
RECAPITULATION.
Sewers.
City Proper
$5,519
74
Charlestown
6,297
20
Brighton
39,139
93
East Boston
9,582
51
South Boston
469
63
Dorchester .
46,726
54
Roxbury
106,445
19
West Roxbury .
44,172
95
$258,353 69
Catch-Basins.
City Proper
$5,638
27
Charlestown
1,947
72
Brighton
2,187
10
East Boston
6,681
25
South Boston
2,146
72
Dorchester .
6,169
18
Roxbury
8,703
49
West Roxbury .
2,334
17
35,807 90
Improved Sewerage
uaintenance .
.
99,334 72
Stonv Brook maintenance .
,
10,756 34
Building stables and
sheds, Brighton
12,539 07
Stable foundation, P
ynclion st. .
.
,
941 50
New tow-boat
1
*
14,889 05
Carried forward
$432,622 27
316
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
Miscellaneous
2,622 27
266,515 44
Less amount furnished in fiscal year 1893-94 by
City Engineer for work performed in 1892-93 .
Less amount furnished in fiscal year 1893-94 by
Paving Division ......
,137 71
1,898 93
,238 78
41,276 38.
$655,962 40
Summary of Sewer Construction for the Twelve Months
ending Jan. 31, 1894.
District.
City
Charlestown . .
East Boston . .
Brighton
South Boston .
Dorchester . . .
Roxbury
West Roxbury
Built by the
City, by Con-
tract oi-
Day Labor.
Feet.
1,501.20
2,333.70
2,394.88
12,272.87
694.60
12,750.15
22,117.76
12,335.69
Built by .
Private Parties.
Feet.
2,621.07
475.00
8,606.22
3,027.82
8,106.98
Total
Length built
during the 12
Months ending
Jan. 31, 1894.
Feet.
1,501.20
2,333.70
2.394.88
14,893.94
1,169.60
21,356.37
25,145.58
20,442.67
Total .
66,400.85
22,837.09
89,237.94
1S3 catch-basins built.
283 " repaired.
35 manholes built.
192 " repaired.
958,775 lineal feet of sewers flushed.
1,813.86 cu. yds. of material removed from sewers.
6,891 catch-basins cleaned.
21,806.21 cu. yds. of material removed from catch-basins.
1,616.7 feet of culverts built.
60 " " " repaired.
There are now 365.58 miles of sewers in charge of the Sewer
Division.
The amount expended by this division during the twelve months
ending January 31, 1894, including the amount spent under special
appropriations, was $697,238.78.
The items of expenditure are shown in the financial statement.
Street Department — Sewer Division. 317
Schedule of Sewers built to Date in the City of Boston.
Wards.
Feet.
Wards.
Feet.
1
81,467
42.828
31,719
42,102
40,018
45,434
36,779
18,532
27,247
38,382
74,880
42,006
52,654
14
75,582
47,504
31,626
42,765
59,573
47,304
103,477
130,413
113,798
173,743
294,385
117,403
2
15
3
16
4
17
5
18
7
8
20
22
9
10
23
11
24
12
13
25
1,811,620
or 343.1 miles.
22 48 "
Total . .
318
City Document No. 34.
Fall of Rain and Snow in Inches at South Yard, Albany
Street, in twelve months ending- January 31, 1894.
Day.
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21
22
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1.59
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24
25
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26
27
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28
29
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1.15
30
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1.55
3.51
2.21
31 .
6.04
2.84
3.31
6.32
2.35
2.08
7.59
Totals
3.28
Total for twelve months, 46.22 inches.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
319
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320
City Document No. 34.
The following table shows the amounts of sludge received in,
and removed from, deposit sewers each month from February 1 ,
1893, to January 31, 1894 :
Month.
Received. Removed
.
February. ..... 319 cubic yards. 397.61 cubic
March
276 l
" 320 <
April .
407 '
" 479.34 '
May . .
June .
679 «
134 '
" 319 '
" 399.45 '
July . .
August .
740 '
606 '
" 477.49 '
" 796 *
September
October .
141 '
772 '
638
^ 639 '
November
854 «
" 479 *
December
161 '
400 '
January, 1894
. 553 «
" 559
yards.
5,642
5,903.89
Property in Charge of the Sewer Division.
Sewer yard, with buildings, at 678 Albany street.
Sewer yard, with building, on North Grove street.
Sewer yard, on Gibson street, Dorchester, with buildings. This
is Gibson School-fund land. The buildings were erected by the
Sewer Department.
Sewer yard, with shed, on Boylston street, Jamaica Plain.
Small lot of land on Stony brook, corner of Centre street,
Ward 21.
Gatehouse on Stony brook, Pynchon street, built in 1889.
Sewer yard, with buildings, on Rutherford avenue, Charlestown.
Sewer yard, with buildings, corner Paris and Marion streets.
Sewer yard, with buildings, on East Chester park, near Albany
street.
A small shed on Cypress street, Ward 9, on land hired by the
city.
Sewer yard, with buildings, on Western avenue, Ward 25.
Street Department — Sewer Division.
321
33
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322
City Document No. 34.
.7,184 44
4,068 00
1,229 80
255 96
43 20
134 12
19 74
West Roxbury Trunk Sewer.
Labor .
339,000 bricks
1,075 bbls. cement.
217 double loads sand
40 double loads gravel
11 manhole frames and covers
5 lamphole frames and covers
50 lbs. powder")
Fuse >
Caps J
Teaming
15,569 feet lumber (B.M.)
Pipe ....
47 tons coal .
Centres, etc. .
24 manhole steps .
Miscellaneous supplies .
Tools, blacksmithing, and hardware
Hire of trench machine
Hire of engine
Size and Length of Seiver.
455.25 feet of 28 in. x 42 in., brick.
2,297.55 feet of 24 in. x 36 in., brick.
The cost of this sewer and the amount of work done is a con-
tinuation of the cost and work done in 1892.
Sewer in Norfolk Avenue, between Clapp and Magazine
Streets.
232 00
255 32
94 77
303 97
116 62
13 20
157 57
A
668 40
1,200 00
782 50
$26,759 61
Labor ....
. $12,885 59
230,050 bricks
2,250 50
605 bbls. cement .
767 20
147 double loads sand .
264 60
47 double loads gravel .
77 55
6 manhole frames and covers
58 40
37 manhole steps .
20 35
Teaming
1,055 00
21,325 feet lumber .
341 20
Pipe ....
216 06
50£ tons coal .
269 93
Blacksmithing and hardware
259 71
Centres, etc. .
194 52
Rent of land for storage .
24 00
Pile-driving .
150 80
8 double loads stone
24 00
Miscellaneous supplies .
130 40
Hire of trench machine .
871 29
Hire of engine
357 50
$20,218 60
Street Department — Sewer Division.
Size and Length of Sewer.
603 feet of 2 ft. 8 in. X 4 ft., brick.
676.88 feet of 2 ft. 6 in. X 3 ft., brick.
31.61 feet of 15-in., pipe.
Yila
l Str
eet.
Labor ......
$7,318 15
265,225 bricks
2,910 48
1,138^ bbls. cement
1,305 32
205£ double loads sand .
410 84
1,145 \ double loads gravel
2,005 87
6 manhole frames and covers
7.7 25
72 manhole steps .
39 60
Teaming ....
1,072 50
41,262 feet (B.M.) lumber
663 03
Pipe ....
210 88
Centres, etc. .
356 94
Blacksmithing
25 45
1£ tons salt hay
25 00
\\ tons coal .
8 18
Miscellaneous
29 40
Roadway
802 00
Pile-driving .
1,302 08
Regulator castings .
369 75
$18,932 72
Size and Length of Sewer.
42.79 feet of 2-ft., circular brick.
1437.47 feet of 3 ft. 3 in. x 3 ft. 5| in., brick.
27.20 feet of 30 in. X 36 in., brick.
24.17 feet of sump and regulator.
The cost of this sewer and the amount of work done is a con-
tinuation of the cost and work done during the year 1892.
Dorchester Lower Mills Trunk Sewer.
Labor ........
335,000 bricks
821 bbls. cement ......
218J double loads sand .....
20 double loads gravel and filling .
11 manhole frames and covers
1 lamphole frame and cover ....
200 lbs. powder"|
Fuse V
Caps )
Teaming .......
12,969 feet (B.M.) lumber ....
Pipe ........
Carried forward, $18,211 34
$12,053
31
3,663
50
929
19
393
30
31
80
88
70
7
20
88
74
585
00
207
51
Hi;;
09
324
City Document No. 34.
Brought forivard,
15 tons coal .
69 manhole steps .
Miscellaneous supplies
Size and Length of Sewer.
1,738 feet of 30 in. X 36 in., brick.
255 feet of 24 in. X 36 in., brick.
The cost of this sewer and amount of work done is a continu-
ation of the cost and work clone during the year 1892.
$18,211
34
79
04
37
95
5
72
$18,334.05
Commonwealth Avenue, No. 1
.
Labor ........
$9,339 17
154,050 bricks
1,694 55
421 bbls. cement ......
471 52
15 double loads gravel and screenings
26 25
21 manhole frames and covers
178 05
12 manhole steps ......
6 60
250 lbs. powder ^
Fuse >■
97 17
Caps )
Teaming . . . .
806 00
31,638 ft. lumber
520 03
Pipe ........
1,647 43
Hire of trench machine .....
633 66
Hire of engine ......
360 00
Centres, etc. .......
63 24
Blacksmithing ......
244 02
56 tons coal .......
288 30
Miscellaneous supplies .....
61 47
$16,437 46
Size and Length of Sewer,
872.12 linear feet 2 ft. 4 in. X 3 ft. 6 in., brick.
348.20 linear feet 24-in., pipe.
269.05 linear feet 18-in., pipe.
1,432.93 linear feet 15-in.. pipe.
Bay State Road.
D. O'Connell, contractor
132,250 bricks
395 bbls. cement .
10 manhole frames and covers
15 manhole steps .
Teaming ....
Pipe .....
2 catch-basin frames and grates
Inspection ....
$8,238 12
1,452 75
446 92
76 65
8 25
14 25
1,153 31
20 00
323 75
$11,734 00
Street Department — Sewer Division.
325
Size and Length of Sewer.
595.37 feet of 2 ft. 6-in. X 3 ft., brick.
699.44 feet of 18-in., pipe.
165.53 feet of 15-in., pipe.
1,024.59 feet of 12-in., pipe.
165 feet of 10-in., pipe.
2,309.5 feet of 6-in., pipe.
7 catch-basins.
7 drop inlets.
Norfolk Avenue, Oak to Clapp Streets.
Labor .
172,850 bricks
528 bbls. cement .
97 double loads sand
4 double loads gravel
2 manhole frames
3 manhole covers
Teaming
14,230 feet lumber
Pipe
Centres, etc. .
15 perch stone
25 manhole steps .
Rent of land .
46 tons coal .
Tools and blacksmithing
Miscellaneous supplies
Hire of trench machine
Hire of engine
4,737
48
1,728
50
620
64
174
60
6
00
28
35
837
75
230
93
153
86
451
68
26
25
13
75
48
00
250
30
121
04
69
29
600
00
257
50
$10,355 92
Size and Length of Sewer.
102.09 feet, 8 ft. X 8 ft. 6 in., brick.
The cost of this sewer and the amount of work done is a con-
tinuation of the cost and work done in 1892.
Sewer and Culvert in Rockwell and Armandine Streets.
Collins & Ham, contractors
70,450 bricks
48 1£ bbls. cement .
6 manhole frames and covers
Pipe ....
6 manhole steps
2 stone frames
2 iron grates .
8,620 lbs. granite .
Inspection
,075
71
714
30
556
65
62
50
794
73
3
30
30
00
18
22
1!)
40
850 50
1,125 31
326
City Document No. 34.
Size and Length of Sewer.
395.48 feet 24 in. X 36 in., brick.
513.20 feet 15-in., pipe.
1,309.38 feet 12-in., pipe.
The cost of this sewer and the amount of work clone is a con-
tinuation of the cost and work done during the year 1892.
Batavia Street, between St. Stephen and Parker
Streets.
S. Connelly, contractor .
$3,374 11
66,510 bricks .
692 60
270^ bbls. cement .
308 54
^2 double load of sand .
16
4 manhole frames and covers .
34 75
Teaming ....
6 00
Pipe ....
173 27
Centres, etc. .
• 124 50
Inspection
313 11
$5,027 04
Size and Length of Sewer.
501.86 feet of 2 ft. 6 in. x 3 ft., brick.
68.4 feet of 10-in , pipe.
520 feet of 6-in., pipe.
Shirley Street, between Norfolk Avenue and George
Street.
Labor ....
$3,824 80
215,000 bricks
, .
262 50
68 bbls. cement
.
76 16
25 double loads sand
, .
45 00
12 manhole steps .
, .
6 60
2 manhole frames and covers
.
15 40
Teaming
.
318 00
4,136 feet lumber .
,
66 45
Pipe ....
16 27
Blacksmithing and tools .
,
23 35
Miscellaneous supplies .
•
8 52
$4,663 05
Size and Length of Sewer.
473 feet 2 ft. 6 in. x 3 ft., brick.
Cary Street, between Buggies and Terry Streets.
Labor $3,243 01
10,500 bricks
Carried forward,
105 00
5,348 01
Street Department — Sewer Division.
327
S3, 348 01
.
18 53
170 00
38 90
22 55
366 00
141 62
200 42
45 00
64 15
39 28
6 22
$4,548 40
Brought forward,
79 bbls. cement
10 double loads sand
100 double loads gravel .
4 manhole frames and covers
41 manhole steps .
Teaming
8.851 feet lumber .
Pipe (Akron)
45 feet (iron) pipe
Centres and templates
Blacksmithing
Miscellaneous supplies .
Size and Length of Sewer.
645.22 feet 12-in., pipe.
Longwood Avenue, between Brookline Avenue and
Wigglesworth Street.
Labor
11,700 bricks.
39 bbls. cement
3£ double loads sand
73 double loads gravel
7 manhole frames and covers . . . . . 70 15
1 lamphole frame and cover ..... 7 20
Teaming . 618 00
Pipe 857 25
Blacksmithing ....... 50 90
$4,458 36
Size and Length of Sewer.
212.22 feet 24-in., pipe.
835.99 feet 15-in., pipe.
651.47 feet 12-in., pipe.
,553
68
122
75
43
68
7
00
127
75
Alford Street, Charlestown.
Labor .
11,337 bricks
34 J bbls. cement .
lOf single loads sand
30 double loads gravel
.") manholes and covers
Teaming
3,512 feet lumber .
Carried forward^
$2,650
82
99
10
37
95
10
75
60
00
42
60
176
50
57
60
5,135 32
328
City Document No. 34.
Brought forward,
$8,135 32
Pipe ......
427 44
Hire of trench machine .
234 98
Hire of engine ....
157 50
10^ tons coal .....
54 60
Miscellaneous supplies .
9 07
$4,018 91
Size and Length of Sewer.
609.85 feet of 12-in., pipe.
560.15 feet of 15-in., pipe.
Adams Street, between Linden and Bowdoin Streets.
Labor ....
10,200 bricks
29 bbls. cement
15 single loads sand
3 manhole frames and covers
575 lbs. powder
Fuse
Caps
Teaming
Pipe
Blasting logs .
3 tons coal
Miscellaneous supplies
. $2,517
31
104
10
33
80
13
50
35
40
224
67
121
50
436
13
130
00
16
35
4
02
5,636 78
Size and Length of Sewer.
470.65 feet of 12-in., pipe.
The cost of this sewer and the amount of work done is a con-
tinuation of the cost and work done during the year 1892.
Commonwealth Avenue, No. 2.
Labor ........
$2,386 90
9,000 bricks .......
99 00
10 bbls. cement ......
11 20
6 double loads sand .....
11 70
3 manhole frames and covers ....
23 10
Teaming .......
85 50
1,002 feet lumber
16 41
Pipe ........
791 58
l£ tons coal .......
7 80
Black smithing ......
6 45
Miscellaneous supplies .....
4 80
$3,444 44
Street Department — Sewer Division.
329
Size and Length of Sewer
960.30 feet of 18-in , pipe.
671.65 feet of 15-in., pipe.
828.05 feet of 12-in., pipe.
Deerfleld Street, between Commonwealth Avenue and
Charles River
D. O'Connell, contractor
30 bbls. cement
Teaming
Pipe .
Inspection
$2,621 71
33 60
1 50
577 08
57 75
$3,291 64
Size and Length of Sewer.
752.13 feet of 18-in. pipe.
249.96 feet ofl2-in., pipe.
42 feet of 10-in., pipe.
39.5 feet of 6-in., pipe.
2 catch-basins.
Street Department — Street-Cleaning Division. 331
APPENDIX E.
REPORT OF THE DEPUTY SUPERINTENDENT OF THE
STREET-CLEANING DIVISION.
Street Department, Street-Cleaning Division,
14 Beacon St., Boston, February 1, 1894.
H. H. Carter, Esq., Superintendent of Streets, Boston:
Dear Sir : I respectfully submit my annual report of the ex-
penditures, business and income of the Street-Cleaning Division
of the Street Department for the financial year, ending January
31, 1894:
Financial Statement.
Amount of appropriation .
Revenue from Brookline Gas Light Company on ac-
count of work done by this division
Transfer from Paving Division . . . .
Transfer from Sewer Division .
Total
$290,000 00
154 50
15,000 00
3,552 80
$308,707 30
Total amount of expenditures
,707 30
Objects of Expenditure.
Sujierhitendence.
.
Salary of Deputy Snpe
'intendent
$3,000 00
Office pay-rolls
.
4,668 02
Stationery
.
185 11
Printing
....
440 61
Board of horses
.
575 00
Telephone service .
intendence .
244 72
Total cost of supei
$9,113 46
332
City Document No. 34.
Cleaning Streets.
Including the Cost of Sweeping, Loading and Removal of Street-
dirt.
District 1. West End .
District 2. North End .
District 3. South End .
District 4. South End .
District 5. Back Bay .
District 6. South Boston
District 7. Roxbury
District 8. Brighton. 1
District 9. Charlestown and East Boston
Total cost of cleaning streets .
Cleaning Gutters.
Including Cost of Sweeping, Loading and Removal of Street-dirt.
$2,151 56
$17,029 12
20,711 74
21,461 08
17,992 67
13,183 81
13,855 96
14,607 46
11,297 03
$130,138 87
District entirely paved.
District 1 . West End
District 2. North End
District 3. South End
District 4. South End ......
District 5. Back Bay
District 6. South Boston .
District 7. Roxbury ......
Distiict 8. Brighton. (See "Cost of Scraping.")
District 9. Charlestown and East Boston
Total cost of cleaning gutters .
Total length of gutters cleaned, 2,047.17 miles.
Average cost per mile, $12.91.
Cleaning Crossings.
Including Cost of Manual and Machine Labor.
Cost of cleaning crossings ....
Removing snow by patrol ....
Total cost ......
Cost of Maintaining Dumps.
District 1 . West End .
District 2. North End .
District 3. South End .
District 4. South End .
District 5. Back Bay .
District 6. South Boston
District 7. Roxbury
District 8. Brighton
District 9. Charlestown and East Boston
2,440 61
6,334 68
5,627 19
5,652 04
3,646 24
$25,852 32
Total cost of dumps
$1,160
56
3,308
43
$4,468 99
$584 08
497
15
527
95
517
40
575
40
548
00
466
02
$3,716
00
1 See "Scraping.
Street Department — Street-Cleaning Division. 333
Snow.
Including Labor on Crossings, in Streets, Carting of Snow, etc.
District 1. West End .
District 2. North End .
District 3. South End .
District 4. South End .
District 5. Back Bay
District 6. South Boston
District 7. Roxbury
District 8. Brighton
District 9. Charlestown and East Boston
Charged by Sanitary Division
Total cost
$3,931
85
4,023
19
3,288
62
3,654
75
4,426
56
4,207
68
5,062
31
390
00
3,255
49
168
25
$32,408
70
Cost of Scraping.
Macadamized or Gravelled Streets.
District 8. Brighton $2,422 34
This shows the cost of scraping with hoes the entire street from
curb to curb.
Total length of miles scraped, 36.01.
Cost of scraping per mile, $67.26.
Miscellaneous Work.
This shows the cost of such work as may not be characterized
the same in all districts.
Including miscellaneous work, sweeping and carting of leaves, etc. :
District 1. West End .
District 2. North End .
District 3. South End .
District 4. South End .
District 5. Back Bay .
District 6. South Boston
District 7. Roxbury
District 8. Brighton
District 9. Charlestown and East Boston
Total cost .....
$4
73
26
95
23
75
75
24
1 ,424
49
432
60
403
41
1,635
16
23
81
!4,050 14
Patrol System.
Superintendence . . . . .
Push-carts, including labor and teaming
Total cost .
$1,196 52
22,900 42
$24,096 91
334
City Document No. 34.
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Total.
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$24,096 49
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2,440 61
6,334 68
5,627 19
5,652 04
co
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$17,029 12
20,711 74
21,461 08
17,992 67
13,183 81
13,855 96
14,607 46
c
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4©
Districts.
<M
K
■«*
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co
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Cost of Sweepi
Paid to Sanitar
Patrol System
*
c
E-
Street Department — Street-Cleaning Division. 335
Stable and Yard Expenses.
Including the Cost of the Soitth End, West End, Roxbury, South
Boston, and Charlestown Stables, as follows:
Superintendence of stables ....
Labor, including the cost of feeders, hostlers, broom
makers, blacksmiths, carpenters, watchmen, yard
men, etc. ....
Cart and carriage repairs
Harness repairs
Horse-shoeing
Sweeping-machine repairs
Stable and shed repairs .
Street-car tickets and ferry passes
Tool repairs* ....
Veterinary services and medicine
Total ....
{,393 04
18,414 27
3,355 00
420 63
3,001 44
839 31
1,830 86
1,160 00
25 35
604 30
$32,044 20
Stock Account.
Broom stock purchased ....
Carts and carriages purchased
Harnesses and horse furnishings purchased
Horses purchased. (Net)
Sleighs purchased .....
Sweeping-machines purchased
Tools purchased .....
Waste barrels purchased
Patrol stock and maintenance of same
Total
£7,050 06
1,225 00
1,379 90
3,170 00
190 00
2,175 00
498 02
524 00
2,462 32
18,674 30
Miscellaneous.
Building new shed, in Roxbury .... $1,691 97
Building shed, at West End 338 50
Holidays 11,340 21
Scow (cost of disposal at sea of 33,699 loads of
street-dirt) 7,723 30
Sundries 919 56
Total
£22,013 54
336
City Document No. 34.
General Recapitulation op Expenses.
Superintendence
Cleaning streets
Cleaning gutters
Cleaning crossings
Maintaining dumps
Removal of snow and ice
Scraping macadamized streets
Miscellaneous work
Patrol system
Stable and yard expenses
Stock account
Miscellaneous
Total
$9,113 46
130,138 87
25,852 32
4,468 99
3,716 00
32,408 70
2,422 34
4,050 14
24,096 94
32,044 20
18,674 30
22,013 54
$308,999 80
Note. — Of the above amount, the sum of $292.50 was paid by other departments, on
account of work done, etc., maUing the net expenses of this division, as shown in financial
statement, $308,707.30.
Table showing the Cost per Mile of Cleaning the Streets in each
District, exclusive of Supervision and other Expenses.
Districts.
Miles of
Streets
Cleaned.
Cost of
Cleaning.
Pro Rata Cost
of Dumps.
Total Cost.
Cost per
Mile.
No. 1
No. 2 ...
No. 3 . .
No. 4....
No. 5
No. 6
No. 7. ...
1,442.57
1,797.73
1,867.93
1,726.66
643.93
843.31
502.23
$17,029 12
20,711 74
21,461 08
17,992 67
13,183 81
13,855 96
14,607 46
$519 83
497 15
527 95
460 49
385 50
389 08
$17,548 95
21,208 89
21,989 03
18,453 16
13,569 31
14,245 04
14,607 46
$12 16
11 79
11 77
10 68
21 07
16 89
29 08
No. 8
No. 9. . .
696.52
11,297 03
349 51
11,646 54
16 72
9,520.88
$130,138 87
$3,129 51
$133,268 38
Average cost per mile of cleaning streets in eight districts, ex-
clusive of supervision, etc., $13.99.
Street Department — Street-Cleaning Division. 337
Table showing the Cost per Mile of Cleaning' Streets in each Dis-
trict, including Supervision, Labor, Yard and Stable Expenses.
66$ of the
Districts.
Miles of
Streets
Cost of
Cleaning.
58f e of the | Total Cost
Total Cost of of Yard and
Total Ex-
Total Cost
per Mile.
Cleaned.
Streets.
Supervision. Stable
( Expenses.
No. i....,
1,442.57
$17,548 95
$696 04 1 $2,784 95
$21,029 94
$14 57
No. 2 ...
1,797.73
21,208 89
841 201 3,365 77
25,415 86
14 13
No. 3....
1,867.93
21,989 03
872 14 3,489 57
26,350 74
14 10
No. 4....
1,726.66
18,453 16
731 90 2,928 44
22,113 50
12 SO
No. 5. . . .
643.93
13,569 31
538 20 2,153 39
16,260 90
25 25
No. 6....
843.31
14,245 04
565 00; 2,260 64
17,070 68
20 24
No. 7.-..
502.23
14,607 46
579 38 2,318 15
17,504 99
34 85
No. 8. ...
No. 9....
696.52
9,520.88
11,646 54
461 94
1,848 26
13,956 74
20 03
$133,268 38
$5,285 80
$21,149 17
$159,703 35
Average cost per mile of cleaning streets in eight districts, in-
cluding supervision, etc., $16.77.
Table showing the Number of Loads of Street-dirt removed.
Districts.
Number of Loads of
Dirt removed.
Cost per Load of cleaning
streets, and removing to
dumps, including Fore-
man's Superintendence.
1
10,063
'11,103
11,688
11,534
'15,541
'12,542
17,322
5,758
11,028
$1.90
1 86
2 . ...
3
1 83
4 ,.
5
1.77
1 32
6
7
1.63
1 16
8
9
1.35
106,579
3,917
equal to 50,629 barrel
loads.
110,496
33,699 loads of the above (or about 30 per cent.) were delivered
at the dumping scow, the towing of which to sea cost 22 cents per
load. In addition to the above, 39,151 single loads and 305
double loads of street scrapings were removed from the streets by
the Paving Division.
1 Includes loads from Miscellaneous Work,
338 City Document No. 34.
Public Waste Barrels.
Total number of waste barrels emptied (about five
months' work) . 4,410
Income.
Amount of bills deposited with the City Collector
during the financial year ending January 3] , 1894 . $6,049 82
Complaints.
Through Central Office 2
By letter 1
Total number of complaints . 3
Average Force Employed January 31, 1894.
Deputy Superintendent 1
Clerk 1
Messengers ........ 2
Employees 309
Entire force ....... 313
Respectfully submitted,
Philip A. Jackson,
Deputy Superintendent.
Street Department.
appe:nt>ix f.
FORMER SUPERINTENDENTS AND DOCUMENT
NUMBERS OF ANNUAL REPORTS.
Bridge Department before 1891.
Previous to 1886 under charge of City Engineer.
Name.
Year.
1886 to 1889
1889 to 1891
Name of Document.
Annual Report
For
Pub.
Year.
Year.
1886
1887
1887
1888
1888
1889
1889
1890
1890
1891
No. of
Doc.
29
26
29
22
* Published in Annual Report, Executive Department, Part I., City Document No. 1, 1891.
Paving Department before 1891.
Name.
Enoeli Patterson, Supt. Streets and Drains
Zephaniali Sampson, " " " "
Thomas Hunting, Superintendent
Alfred T. Turner,
Charles Harris,
Nehemiah T. Merritt,
James J. Flynn,
Charles Harris,
Michael Meehan,
John W. McDonald,
J. Edwin Jones,
1827 to
1831 to
1846 to
1853 to
1864 to
1884 to
1886 to
1889 to
1831
1846
1853
1864
1883
1883
1883
1884
1886
1889
1891
340
City Document No. 34.
Paving Department before 1891.
Name of Document.
Quarterly Report.
Annual Report . .
For
Year.
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
I860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
18H6
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
Pub.
Year.
1851
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
No. of
Doc.
6
29
2
6
6
5
3
3
3
5
6
5
4
3
3
70
3
6
9
14
13
12
16
21
25
27
30
38
29
24
24
48
51
47
46
97
30
16
23
30
19
* Published in Annual Report, Executive Department, Part II., City Document No. 1, 1891.
Street Department.
341
Sewer Department before 1891.
Enoch Patterson, Superintendent
Zephaniah Sampson,
Charles B. Wells,
Simeon B. Smith,
William H. Bradley,
Horace H. Moses,
Thomas J. Young,
Seth Perkins,
Charles Morton,
Tear.
1827 to
1881 to
1837 to
1856 to
1863 to
1883 to
1885 to
1887 to
1889 to
1831
1837
1856
1863
1883
1885
1887
1889
1891
Sewer Department before lSOl^
Name of Document.
Annual Report
1
For Year.
Pub.
Year.
1 80S
1860
1860
1861
1861
1862
1862
1863
1863
1864
3 864
1865
1865
1866
1866
1867
1867
1868
1868
1869
1869
1870
1870
1871
1871
1872
1872
1873
1873
1874
1874
1875
1875
1876
1876
1877
1877
1878
1878
1879
1879
18S0
1880
1881
1881
1882
1882
1883
1883
1884 \
1884
18H5 j
1885
1886
1886
1887
1887
1888
1888
1889
1889
1890
1890
1891
No. of
Doc.
11
12
12
13
11
13
11
3
11
10
la
12
17
II
13
15
11
16
19
IX
16
43
58
69
81
129
14
* Published in Annual Report, Executive Department, Part II., City Document No. 1, 1891.
342
City Document No. 34.
Health Department before 1891.
Sanitary.
Name.
Ezrn Forristall, Superintendent
Joseph W. Coburn, "
Ezra Forristall, "
George W. Forristall, "
Year.
1853 to 1854
1854 to 1855
1855 to 1869
1869 to 1890
Health Department before 1891.
Sanitary.
Name of Document.
Annual Report
Annual report from 1873 to 1884 inclusive; the
Superintendent's report was embodied in the
report of the Board of Health
Annual Report • •
Year.
Pub.
Year.
1853
1854
1854
1855
1855
1856
1856
1857
1857
1858
1858
1859
1859
1860
1£60
1861
1861
1862
1862
1863
1863
1864
1864
1865
1865
1866
1866
1867
1867
1868
1868
1869
1869
1870
1870
1871
1871
1872
1872
1873
1885
1886
1886
1887
1887
1888
1888
1889
1889
1890
1890
1891
No. of
Doc.
7
6
4
4
4
4
5
6
5
5
4
4
8
7
8
12
4
10
17
40
45
22
16
23
21
* Published in Annual Report, Executive Department, Part I., City Document No. 1, 1891.
Street Department.
343
Commissioners of Cambridge Bridges before 1891.
(West Boston, Canal, and Prison Point.)
Frederic W. Lincoln, Commissioner for Boston . . <
Ezra Parmenter, Commissioner for Cambridge ...... <
William J. Marvin, Commissioner for Cambridge <
May 22, 1871, to
March, 1891.
June 14, 1871, to
Jan. 31, 1883.
March 28, 1883, to
present time.
Harvard Bridge added in 1892.
Commissioners of Cambridge Bridges before 1891.
(West Boston, Canal, and Prison Point.)
Name of Document.
Annual Report.
For
Pub.
Tear.
Year.
1871
1872
1872
1873
1873
1874
1874
1875
1875
1876
1876
1877
1877
1878
1878
1879
1879
1880
1880
1881
1881
1882
1882
1883
1883
1884
1884
1885
1885
1886
1886
1887
1887
1888
1888
1889
1889
1890
1890
1891
No. of
Doc.
19
12
16
23
20
12
10
8
12
8
15
15
19
8
12
19
25
22
20
♦Published in Annual Report, Executive Department, Part I., City Document No. 1, 1891.
344
City Document No. 34.
Street Department since 1891.
Superintendent.
Henry H. Carter, Member American Society Civil Engineers.
Executive Engineer.
Henry B. Wood, Member Boston Society Civil Engineers.
Paving Division. — Charles R. Cutter, Deputy Superintendent.
Member Boston Society Civil Engineers.
Sewer Division. — Henry W. Sanborn, Deputy Superintendent.
Member Philadelphia Society Civil Engineers.
Sanitary Division
Sanitary Division
George W. Forristall,* Deputy Superintendent.
Philip A. Jackson, Acting Deputy Superintendent
since January 16.
Street-Cleaning Division. — Philip A. Jackson.
Bridge Division. — John A. McLaughlin, Deputy Superintendent.
Boston and Cambridge Bridges. — Henry H. Carter, Ex-Officio, Commis-
sioner for Boston.
"William J. Marvin, Commissioner for
Cambridge.
* Died January 12, 1894.
Street Department.
Name or Document.
For
Year.
Pub.
Year.
No. of
Doc.
Annual Report, Executive Department, Part II. .
1891
1892
1893
1892
1893
1894
36
34
34
6 ]Q$o
I