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'^ NINETEENTH
ANNUAL KEPORT
THE TRUSTEES
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL,
AT WORCESTER
DECEMBER, 1851.
BOSTON:
BUTTON AND WENTWORTH, STATE PRINTERS,
No. 37, Congress Street.
1852.
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NINETEENTH ANNUAL REPORT
TRUSTEES OF THE STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
DECEMBER, 1851,
To His Excellency the Governor and the Honorable Council :
The Trustees of the Massachusetts State Lunatic Hospital, in com-
pliance with that injunction of official duty which requires an "Annual
Report of the Condition of the Hospital and its Concerns," have the
honor to submit the following communication : —
This humane and eminently beneficent Institution has now been in
operation for nearly the fifth part of a century. The same philan-
thropic spirit which prompted the Government of the Commonwealth
to its establishment, has been constantly since manifested in liberal
appropriations for its improvement, and in the increase of well devised
means for its usefulness. Private benevolence, also, has not unfre-
quently been exercised in fostering its interests, and greatly extending
the sphere of its influence. Eminently skilful and experienced pro-
fessional men, from the first, have been engaged in its management,
and whatever of relief, or comfort, or solace, could be made to result
from sympathizing care or a tender sensibility, has, at all times, been
freely administered to " the mind diseased," to soothe the violence of
the frantic, and assuage the melancholy of the desponding of its un-
happy patients. Over all, the blessing of a gracious Providence has
been continually and most signally vouchsafed to its uninterrupted
prosperity. A recurrence to the annual Reports of the preceding
eighteen years, will serve to show with what degree of satisfaction
we should now regard the counsels and labors of those devoted public
servants, who, in times past, have had the more immediate conduct of
this noble endowment of charity, and how great the obligation to
gratitude and thanksgiving for that Divine Beneficence, which has
4 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
given to outward means so large a measure of success in alleviating
the saddest affliction of humanity.
In the review of the past year, it is not the least gratifying consid-
eration that there has been no change, nor occasion to desire change,
of any of the principal officers or agents of the establishment. The
accomplished Superintendent, giving, as ever, his head and his heart,
as his labor and his time, to the arduous and fearfully responsible
duties of his place, — with his skilful and attentive Assistants, the Rev-
erend Chaplain, the efficient and provident Steward, the judicious
Matron, the watchful and compassionate Supervisors, the diligent
Clerk, and the able and accurate Treasurer, have continued to ex-
ercise their respective offices with accustomed fidelity, and with the
higher qualifications and capacities for usefulness, which opportunities
for enlarged observation and added experience could not fail to impart.
Indeed, so true to duty, and so acceptable in its performance, have all
connected with the Hospital proved, that scarce a change has been
had, even among the Subordinates ; and, as a natural consequence, all
has been harmony, mutual confidence, and earnest cooperation. For
circiimstances so satisfactory in the past, and so auspicious for the
future, the Institution is, in a great degree, indebted to the wise coun-
sels, the patient temper, and the kind and affectionate demeanor of
that truly great and good man, now no more, who first gave order and
direction to the management of its concerns, and built up this fairer
than marble monument to his own enduring name and memory ; and
to his yet only Successor, who, in the light of his instruction and
example, and by his own unceasing personal observation and enlarged
experience, so worthily and successfully continues the superintendence
of its great and complicated interests.
Although this establishment is still over-crowded with patients, far
beyond its desirable means of accommodation, yet the completion and
occupation, the last season, of the additional number of strong rooms
to the south Johonnot wing, and the measures more recently taken by
the Government for the erection of another Hospital, have precluded
the thought of a further enlargement of the present buildings. In the
judgment of those professionally best qualified to decide on such sub-
jects, this Institution is already extended to the utmost limit at which it
should be left under one superintendence. Indeed, it may well be
hoped, that, in the capacities of the new establishment, the pressure
now so necessary upon the accommodations here, may be materially re-
lieved ; and by a proper classification of the patients, and a more entire
separation of the classes, affording better opportunity for their appropri-
ate management, the higher purposes of the Hospital, in its remedial and
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 5
curative influences, may be more fully accomplished. The Trustees
would especially sanction, by their approval, the suggestion of the
Superintendent in his Report, that Hospitals for the reception of male
and female patients should be entirely separate, and the control and
management of them more peculiarly adapted to the treatment of the
sexes respectively. It sui'ely needs not the expi'ession of feeling or of
sentiment, to enforce those obvious considerations, which give weight
to the recommendation.
For several years past, the enclosure of the principal grounds of
the establishment has been unsatisfactory, from the original imper-
fect construction of the fences, their rapid decay, and more espe-
cially, the dilapidated condition of the wall on the line of the street,
in front of the buildings. This wall had twice been partially repaired,
at very considerable expense, and it had become again manifest that
a further heavy outlay would be required to preserve it from entire
prostration, and for the effectual protection of the grounds and the
beautiful belting of trees, which it was mainly designed to defend.
The Board of Trustees of the last and preceding years, had advised
to its thorough reconstruction, but postponed engaging in the work
until the additions and improvements then going on upon the buildings,
should be completed. In the mean time, the danger of the falling of
the wall and the consequent exposure of the high embankment resting
against it, to slide from its position, urgently prompted to the com-
mencement of the labor, while faithful estimates of the expense, and
just regard to eventual economy, dictated the propriety of its erection
in the most substantial and permanent manner. Accordingly, under
the more immediate direction and supervision of the Trustees resident
in the city of Worcester, aided by the advice and personal attention of
the Superintendent, a new and massive wall, on a foundation broad and
deeply laid in the earth, and rising to a suitable height, in dimension
courses of unhammered stone, has been constructed along the whole
line of the land of the Government, on Summer street ; and fences,
of stone posts set firmly in the ground, with rails of durable wood
secured to the posts by iron clasps and bolts and covered with strong
paling, have been made, to enclose the land on every other side. The
opportunity afforded, by the excavation for the foundation of the wall,
for the procurement of earth, was improved to widen and make con-
venient an Avenue from the public road to the yard and rear of the
buildings, and thus permit the discontinuance of a former passage-
way, through which the establishment had been subject to much
mischievous intrusion from without, and the patients to annoyance
and exciting communications in their exercises and employments, and
6 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
under the very windows of their apartments. The accumulated bal-
ances, reserved partly for this especial purpose, have been found
sufficient to meet all the expense thus incurred, without asking for
any additional appropriation by the Government. And the Trustees
may now express a confident assurance, that, without further cost,
except in the inconsiderable charge of an occasional coat of paint to
the wooden rails and paling, these spacious buildings, with their costly
improvements and adjacent grounds of rich cultivation and ornament,
covering an area of more than twelve acres of land, have received an
outward protection, as enduring as the beautiful eminence which pre-
sents to the view, from every side, the attractive and commanding
site of this noble Institution.
In the course of the season, gas lights, which had been partially
introduced the last year, have been extended through other parts of
the buildings. Experience has shown, that although this description
of light is more expensive than the consumption of oil, yet its greater
cleanliness and convenience in use, and its pleasant and cheering
influence upon the patients, abundantly justifies its substitution.
On one of the southern wings, over the halls of the male depart-
ment, the recent application of a large ventilator has served to remove
the offensive odor of the contiguous rooms, and, in a great degree,
give circulation to fresh and pure air. Some considerable changes
in the position and construction of the water closets and bathing rooms
have also proved highly satisfactory. Occasions for alterations and
improvements in such an establishment are continually occurring, and
require unceasing attention and care. Notwithstanding all prudent
precautions, insanity, at one moment quiet and apparently subdued,
will suddenly manifest itself in paroxysms of violence, and while the
wretched maniac is to be restrained, the mischief he has unconsciously
committed remains to be repaired. The direction in all these matters
has fallen within the personal care of the Superintendent, who, in his
regard to the infinite diversity of the duties of his office, gives but
renewed proofs of his untiring industry and fidelity.
The farming concerns of the past year appear to the resident Trus-
tees, under whose observation they have been more immediately con-
ducted, to have been well and successfully managed. Much labor has
been done upon the land in the cultivation of farm and garden, and
the products, of which the steward's books exhibit a particular account,
have been bountiful. The importance of furnishing healthy employ-
ment in the open air to such of the patients as can be induced to work,
cannot be overstated, and the Trustees, under the promptings of their
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 7
experience, cannot forbear to reiterate the admonition of the Superin-
tendent, that, in the arrangements for the new Hospital, ample fields
be provided for the recreation, exercise and occupation of all its in-
mates, amid rural scenes and in congenial employments.
The Report of the Superintendent to the Trustees, which will be
submitted herewith, alike for the information of your Excellency and
of the Legislature, is so full and so minute in its details, in respect to
the character and condition of the patients, and whatever relates to
their treatment, the number of admissions and discharges, and of those
who remain, as wholly to have anticipated the occasion, if not to pre-
clude the propriety, of any further notice of these topics, by us. The
" thorough visitations of the Hospital, monthly, by one or more of the
Trustees," enjoined by law, have scrupulously been attended to by
ioth of the Trustees residing in the city of Worcester, and the records
contain " a written account of the state of the institution, drawn up"
at the time of each visit. These visitations have been made at irregu-
lar periods in the month, at different hours of the day, and at all times,
without notice or previous expectation on the part of the officers, that
no preparation might be made to receive them, and thus the usual
treatment and condition of the patients might be the better seen and
understood by the visitors. Whatever was found satisfactory was ap-
proved, while if anything seemed to admit of improvement it was as
freely suggested. In addition, other members of the Board, who from
distance, or engagements elsewhere, were prevented opportunities for
so frequent inspection, have occasionally given their presence at the
Hospital, and placed on the records the results of their observation.
And now, at the close of the year, these recorded testimonies have
been brought to the consideration of a majority of the Board, in its
annual meeting, and thus fulfilled the requirements of this portion of
our assigned duty.
The average number of patients, through the months of the year,
is found to have been 462, being an excess of 22 over the average
number of the year 1850. The number admitted during the year
was 263, and the number discharged 238, of which latter, 39 were by
death. Notwithstanding this apparently large amount of mortality,
the general state of health in the Hospital has been singularly good.
There has been no appearance of epidemic disease, and few instances
of acute attack or distressing sickness, but the ordinary laws of nature,
age and wasting debility, here, as everywhere, have done their ac-
customed office. When it is considered, as is the fact, that many per-
sons of abused lives and exhausted constitutions, of bodily as of men-
8 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
tal imbecility, and of mania brought on by vicious indulgence or by
remorse for crime, are committed to this Hospital, but to be cared for
during a brief season of languishment without hope of relief, and then
to be buried at the public charge, the wonder is, that so few, rather
than so many, yearly die. It is not a rare occurrence, that subjects,
not for cure, but for care and nursing only, reach the Hospital in the
last stages of existence, and a few short days, or weeks it may be,
add their names to the lists of mortality. Whether such manifest
perversion of the purposes of the establishment, so prejudicial to its
character, and so injurious to its usefulness as a curative institution,
should be restrained by legislation, is not for the Trustees to decide.
As the law now is, the Superintendent must receive all, who are sent
under the forms of authority, to his custody, without liberty to exclude
any, however improper objects they may be of his charge.
Another unhappy feature in the present aspect of the institution, is
the great number of old confirmed chronic cases, which afford no
chance for improvement. These continue from year to year, and are
constantly augmenting, until, ere long, in their increase by more fre-
quent commitments than removals, unless different provision is made
for their safe keeping, all the accommodations of the place will come
to be occupied by a hospital of incurables. It will be seen by the
tables of the Superintendent, that of the 116 recent cases, of less than
one year''s continuance, 91 were restored, and 12 improved ; while 13
only were pronounced incurable. What force of motive does not the
contemplation of these facts present for preserving the accommoda-
tions and capacities of the institution undiminished, for the reception
and treatment of such as may he restored to soundness and usefulness,
through admission to its privileges ?
The Report of the last year presented to the notice of the Govern-
ment the very serious consideration of the disproportionate number of
foreign paupers, who found support here, at the charge of the treasury
of the Commonwealth. This burden is increasing in startling amount
and rapidity. Its progression has been constant and uninterrupted for
several years past. In 1846, the number of State paupers remaining
in the Hospital, at the end of the year, was 52 ; in 1847, it was 121 ;
in 1848, 150 ; in 1849, 167 ; in 1850, 181 ; and now, in December,
1851, it has risen to 208, or more than tioo fifths of the whole number
of patients in the institution! By a statement of the treasurer, we
are informed, that the payments by the State for the support of these
paupers were, in 1847, $11,828 90 ; in 1848, $13,259 46 ; in 1849,
),729 42 ; in 1850, $17,580 69 ; while the estimate for the pres-
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 9
ent year (1851) is set down at the enormous sum of twentp'one thou-
sand dollars ! thus showing an increase of expense, from year to year,
corresponding with the advanced number of this continually increasing
class of patients. That the grossest impositions are practised upon
the country, in the introduction from abroad of the abjectly poor and
miserably helpless, with no other purpose than to obtain for them sup-
port in our public charitable institutions, is sufficiently notorious ; and
instances are not wanting, within the walls of this Hospital, of persons,
insane or imbecile from birth or early life, who have been exported
from other States to find food and protection here. Of the 263 admis-
sions, the past year, 87 were foreigners, or persons having no legal
settlement within the Commonwealth. Of these, 57 only have been
discharged, leaving a balance of 30 to be added to the accumulated
mass of former years. That many of these miserable beings have
never been taught even the decencies of life, is certain. That some
were vicious and depraved before their derangement, is most probable.
And in the pre-occupation of our halls, to any greater extent, by sub-
jects of this description, it may well be feared, that the friends of the
insane, among the respectable of our own fellow-citizens, will not wil-
lingly expose them to such association. Some correction must soon
be applied to this great and growing evil. To arrest it seasonably,
demands an exercise of the profoundest wisdom of the Legislature.
The large progressive increase of patients since the Board of Trus-
tees last reduced the charge for their support, in 1849, has given an
excess of income over expenditure, and left an unanticipated balance
in the hands of the Treasurer. The aggregate cost of supporting the
Institution is not in an exact ratio with increasing numbers, for while
the accommodations of all are necessarily abridged by a crowded
hospital, the proportionate cost of maintaining each is somewhat les-
sened. The difference made by few or many, is seen, rather in the
measure of care and attention which can be bestowed upon them
individually, and the comforts which they are allowed, than in the
mere price of their living. But the more favorable terms upon which
large supplies can be procured, and the practice which is habitual with
the Steward, of paying for them as soon as furnished, with a more ex-
tended knowledge abroad of the demands of the Hospital and the
market it affords, have given opportunities for savings, of late years,
which previously could not have been effected. The Trustees thus
find it in their power to propose a reduction in the charge for the sup-
port of patients, after the first of January next, by diminishing the
price for State paupers, confined less than three months, from two dol-
2
10 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
lars and fifty cents to two dollars and twenty-five cents per week, and
fixing the charge for those of longer continuance, and all others,
at the uniform rate of two dollai's, instead of two dollars and twenty-
five cents, as heretofore. A largei* reduction, though it might be
effected by applying the whole existing balance in the hands of the
Treasurer to meet the expenses of the ensuing year, would be putting
the price below the actual cost of support, and thus create a necessity,
after this balance was exhausted, of again raising the charge, a meas-
ure oft times difficult and always objectionable. Besides, the contin-
gent expenses of such an Institution can never be accurately estimated,
in advance. New and unlocked for occasions for outlay are continu-^
ally presented. And, at this time, the Avenue to the buildings, in the
rear, remains to be completed ; the waste water from the drains and
cess-pools must be more effectually disposed of, to remove what is
becoming greatly offensive ; the damp passage-ways in the cellars and
low basements should be laid with flagging-stone, or some hard sub-
stance impervious to water, and conveniences and accommodations
added to the buildings of earliest construction, which attention to the
relief of more pressing wants has hitherto prevented. The farm
grounds require improvement, by better fences, the removal of stones,
draining, and higher cultivation. A new carriage is needed for the
use of invalid female patients, and additional implements of labor are
to be procured. Much of all these, in the appropriations of the bal-
ance on hand, may be assigned to the acquisitions of the coming year.
In conclusion, the Trustees again refer to the able Report of the
Superintendent, to his carefully-prepared and minute statistical tables,
the result of personal observation and experience, and his judicious
and instructive remarks illustrative and explanatory of the facts which
they exhibit, for all that is most interesting in the history of the past and
present condition of the Hospital. This Institution has indeed proved
a BLESSED CHARITY. The Sympathies of all good men are with its
ministrations, and the prayers of all will be for the fullest accomplish-
jtnent of its humane and greatly beneficent ends.
LEVI LINCOLN,
J. S. C. KNOWLTON,
S. G. HOWE,
FOSTER HOOPER,
ENSIGN H. KELLOGG,
Trustees.
"State Lunatic Hospital, )
Worcester, Bee. 10, 185L >
TREASUREE'S REPORT.
To His Excellency the Governor and the Honorable Executive Coun-
cil of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts :
The Treasurer of the State Lunatic Hospital respectfully submits
his Annual Report as required by law : —
The balance in the hands of the Treasurer, Novem-
ber 30, 1850, as stated in his last report, was . . $15,694 81
Within the year ending November 30, 1851, he has
received from the State for the support of lunatic
paupers, and from cities, towns and individuals, the
sum of 50,700 72
And for articles sold and accounted for by the Steward
of the Hospital, ....... 177 15
$66,572 68
The ex]
jenditures in the year have been, —
For wages
, labor and salaries, . ...
$11,411 45
Improvements and repairs, including construction of
new wall and fences, ...
10,429 37
Furniture,
2,289 22
Clothing,
1,628 63
Wood, 482 cords,
2,509 48
Coal, 291 tons,
1,914 31
Charcoal,
4,308 bushels, .
447 11
Gas light.
.
560 72.
Provisions
— Flour, 487 barrels, ....
2,703 92
Meal, . . . .
808 45
Biscuit, ......
189 58
Beef and pork, 68,426 pounds.
4,450 23
Salt pork, 2,595 pounds, . . .
256 57
Fish, salt, 11,500 pounds.
350 00^
Fish, fresh, 4,133 pounds,
129 49
Mackerel, . .
64 00
Poultry, 736 pounds,
80 96
Potatoes, 1,111 bushels, . . . .
684 30
Beans, 26 bushels, . . . . .
44 55
Rice, 3,087 pounds, . . . , .
133 33
Apples, .......
573 45
12
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
Summer fruits,
.
$132 05
Butter, 31,063 pounds,
4,947 18
Cheese, 5,180 pounds,
322 57
Tea, 670 pounds.
225 28
Coffee, 3,230 pounds,
380 62
Sugar, 21,864 pounds,
1,471 09
Molasses, 990 gallons.
254 71
Honey, $29 87 ; farina.
149 82,
79 69
. Squashes, $38 50 ; apple
sauce, $25
92 ; 64 42
Vinegar and cider, .
30 23
Small groceries,
162 50
Plaster, lime, &c., $28 74 ; potashes.
$57 48,
86 22
Salt, $33 90 ; lard, $125 39, .
159 29
Oil, $173 17; soap, $83 83,
• \
257 00
Straw, 98,366 pounds,
336 99
Medical supplies.
380 28
Postage, . . .
26 44
Recovery of elopers, . . ,
53 47
Books and stationary, .
96 26
Magic lantern, music, &c., .
98 55
Sexton's bills, . ' .
263 12
Expenses charged to patients' accounts
»
156 53
Freight and express bills, .
306 58
Seven cows and calf, $251 50 ; 4 heifers, $125, .
376 50
Two yokes of oxen, .
, ,
180 00
Feed for cattle, ... .
.
70 00
Miscellaneous expenses.
.
85 79
$52,662 48
Balance in the treasury, November 30,
•
13,910 20
$66,572 68
On account of the appropriation /or the construction of
additional strong rooms in the Hospital, the balance
unexpended, November 30, 1850, was
There has since been paid, ......
The balance is credited, by order of the Trustees, to
the Commonwealth in account for support of State
paupers in the Hospital, . . . .
L,011 69
930 35
81 34
$1,011 69
Worcester, Dec. 12, 1851,
SAM'L JENNISON, Treasurer,
SUPERINTENDENT'S EEPORT.
Nineteenth Annual Report of the Superintendent to the Trustees of the
State Lunatic Hospital.
Gentlemen, — -In reviewing the events of the past year, we have
great and renewed cause to be grateful to Him who overrules all
things, that its former prosperity and happiness have been continued
to this large family. Although there has been no especial event to
mark its progress, it has been a year of labor and responsibility to
those entrusted with the direction and management of its affairs, of
freedom from all malignant epidemics, and of I'ecovery of a fair pro-
portion of those who have here sought relief from their mental troubles.
In our duties we have not only been counselled and advised in our
difficulties, but we have been cheered on in our trials, by the frequent
attention and countenance of some members of your Board. All
favors asked of you have been readily granted, and all our wants sup-
plied. If, therefore, there has been any wrong done, or any lack of
success in the management of the Hospital, it did not arise from any
want of attention on your part.
My assistants in the various departments have generally been ready
and prompt to perform their several duties. We have a corps of
sixty-seven, of the most respectable, worthy and active persons, en-
* gaged in the various duties of the Hospital. There are none in the
community more so. More than thirty of whom are employed wholly
as nurses and constant companions of the insane. Their duties are
peculiarly delicate and responsible, and on whom the good name and
success of the Hospital very much depends. Too much praise can
hardly be bestowed on those who carry out faithfully the law of love
and kindness to the unfortunate patients under their care, and such are
the only proper companions for the unfortunate insane.
In view of the prospects of the Second Hospital's going into opera-
tion ere long, it may not be improper for me here to renew some sug-
gestions made in my report to your Board in 1848, in which a separa-
tion of the sexes in distinct establishments was deemed by me desira-
ble. There are some advantages in having the insane in an institution
all of one sex, and few or no disadvantages. Three small hospitals,
14 ^ STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
in different sections of the State, would have some advantages over a
large one. The third Hospital will undoubtedly be called for within
a few years, by the increase among the people of this Commonwealth,
and by the importation from abroad of the insane. If it shall be
deemed advisable to place the sexes in different hospitals, it will be
proper that this subject should claim some attention soon. This Hos-
pital is becoming so much surrounded and hemmed in by the rapid
growth of this city, that its farming operations are already and will be
more and more restricted. If this Hospital was a mile further off
from the centre of the population of this city, our male patients would
have more freedom in their work and exercise. The labor of the
male patients on the land is not only healthful and curative but is profit-
able. New institutions should secure all the land they may ever
want as one of the pre-requisites of location in any place.
On the subject of the proper classification of the insane in hospitals,
Doct. Jacobi, Director of the Institution for the Insane, at Seigburg,
Germany, in his work " On the Construction and Management of In-
stitutions for the Insane," says, " That the insane of the two sexes
should be separated in these institutions, and, indeed, that the separa-
tion should be so entire that not only all communication between the
patients, but also between the personal attendants, should be strictly
prevented, is an object of so much consequence, while, at the same
time, the difficulty of effecting such a separation in an institution open
to both sexes is so great, and the difference of the arrangements requisite
for the two sexes, especially with respect to occupation and mainte-
nance, as well as with respect to many other matters in the nursing, is
so considerable that it is very desirable that there should be entirely
distinct institutions for the two sexes where it is possible. This sepa-
ration into entirely distinct institutions can at least be effected in those
districts which contain, within their limits, so great a number of the
insane of both sexes as to make an institution common to both too
extensive. In Paris, they have the Bicetre and Salpetriere standing
near one another. Under other circumstances, economical considera-
tions generally lead to the reception of the two sexes into a common
institution under one direction and management, the separation being
kept as entire as is practicable."
The propriety of separating the sexes in hospitals entirely distinct
will hardly be questioned, I suppose, by those most practically ac-
quainted with their management in hospitals for the insane. If then
this great and leading feature in the classification of the insane in her
public hospitals is to be adopted, some modifications from the usual
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 15
arrangements should not be lost sight of in the new hospital. For an
institution for males wholly, a larger tract of land would be almost
necessary, and the custodial arrangements should be more substantial
than would be necessary or desirable for an institution to be occupied
by females only. When the two or three additional hospitals, which
the public want will in a few years demand, shall be erected in the
different sections of this State, then they may be devoted to one sex
and this Hospital to the other. Such an arrangement would at once
double the means of classification in each of the institutions.
As our Hospitals now are, each makes essentially two hospitals under
one roof. On most occasions the sexes are kept as separate as is
practicable.
16
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
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34
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STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
37
TABLE 1.
Showing the Admissions from each County the last and previous years.
Males,
Females, .
3
5
1851.
Previously.
Total.
Barnstable, .
8
93
101
Berkshire,
Males,
Females,
6
4
10
111
121
Bristol,
Males,
Females, ,
8
10
18
218
236
Dukes,
Males,
Females, .
0
0
0
15
15
Essex,
Males,
Females,
12
13
25
457
482
Franklin,
Males,
Females,
1
2
3
93
96
Hampden,
Males,
Females, ,
8
12
20
175
195
Hampshire,
Males,
Females, ,
4
5
9
160
169
Middlesex,
Males,
Females, .
17
25
42
414
456
Nantucket,
Males,
Females, .
0
1
1
26
27
Norfolk,
Males,
Females,
15
21
36
437
473
Pljrmouth,
Males,
Females,
4
6
10
170
180
Suffolk,
Males,
Females, ■
10
4
14
349
363
Worcester,
Males,
Females,
35
32
67
870
937
Other States, .
Males,
Females,
0
0
0
10
10
263
3598
3861
38 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
The county of Worcester has furnished about one hundred per cent,
more inmates to this Hospital than any other county according to the
number of its population. This is to be accounted for from the more
intimate knowledge the inhabitants in this immediate vicinity have of
the institution, and from the greater facility of its access.*
Statistics show that some parts of the State are more healthy than
others. Rural districts are more healthy than cities. Artizans of cer-
tain trades are more liable to diseases, and do not live as long as the
tiller of the soil. A large majority of the male population of Worces-
ter County ai'e engaged in husbandry, and the females are largely
engaged in domestic duties and the cares of the household, which is
one of the most healthful duties within their sphere. Children are not
taken into the account, for they enjoy an immunity nearly perfect
from this scourge of the mind.
That section of the State where the '^* Second Hospital for the In-
sane" has been located, has, however, always furnished her full quota
of patients, after deducting Worcester County. When that Hospital
is completed it will undoubtedly have a material influence in lessening
the number of admissions here. That section of the State is the least
well accommodated by this Hospital of any. The access to it from
that quarter is the most difficult. The southeastern part of the State,
including Norfolk County, has in this Hospital now about one hundred
and fifty inmates. The removal of that number would give our
crowded family a long wished for relief. Then we shall be able to
discontinue the use of seventeen rooms designed for and occupied by
the more violent class. These rooms are as good as they were when
erected. But they have not all the requisites for the purposes to
which they are put, that rooms for a similar use, more recently erected,
have. The necessity occasioned by our crowded house has hitherto
compelled us to occupy them. Then too there will be, it is hoped, a
little breathing time from our now crowded state, to do some more
of repairs in the galleries occupied by patients.
* About ten per cent, of those committed from Worcester County were accidentally thei?©
when sent to the Hospital.
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
39
TABLE 2.
Showing the Admissions and State of the Hospital, from December 1st,
1850, to November 30th, 1851.
Patients in the Hospital, Decem-
Committed by Overseers of the
ber 1st, 1850,
441
Poor, . _ - - -
23
Males, - - 228
Males, - - 11
Females, - 213
Females, - 12
Patients admitted in the course of
Private Boarders on bonds.
56
the year, - . . -
263
Males, - - 24
Males, - - 125
Females, - 32
Females, - 138
Whole number in the Hospital, in
Foreigners, those who have no
course of the year, - - .
704
legal residence in this State,
Males, - - 353
admitted during the year,
87
Females, - 351
Males, - - 45
Females, - 42
Patients remaininsf in the Hospi-
tal, November 30th, 1851,
466
Foreigners discharged during the
Males, - - 242
year,
57
Females, - 224
Males, - - 25
Females, - 32
Foreigners remaining in the Hos-
Of the Admissions, there were
pital at the end of the year, -
208
cases of less duration than one
Males, - - 103
year,
148
Females, - 105
Males, - - 70
Females, - 78
Of one year and more.
84
State Paupers remaining in the
Males, - - 41
Hospital at the end of each
Females, - 43
year, as near as they can be
ascertained : —
Cases the duration of whose in-
NO.
sanity before admission not as-
1842, - - 34
certained, - - - .
31
1843, - - 38
Males, - - 14
1844, - - 38
Females, - 17
» 1845, - - 57
184^, - - 52
3847, - - 121
1848, - - 150
Patients committed by Courts, -
184
1849, - - 167
Males, - - 90
1850, - - 181
Females, - 94
1851, - - 208
The number of admissions has been about an average for the eight
years past. But the number left at the end of the year has been
almost uniformly larger. Two hundred and sixty-three were admitted
40
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
and four hundred and sixty-six remain at the close of the year. There
is a class in this institution growing larger every year. It is made up
mostly of the destitute who have no friends to assist them, and, unless -
they recover so as to take care of themselves, they remain in the
Hospital. They are improper subjects for almshouses, but still, if
they had relatives able to support them, many of them, after a suffi-
cient trial for their recovery or during the lucid intervals, would be
taken back into private families, to be got along with there as best
they could.
TABLE 3.
Showing the number of Discharges and Deaths, and the condition of
those who left the Hospital, from December 1st, 1850, to November
30th, 1851.
1^
0)
o
1
■3
1
Recov-
ered.
ImproT-
ed.
Incurable
and
harmless
Incurable
and dan-
gerous.
Deaths.
1
3
1
3
0
H
Si
3
0
to
3
0
.a
1
3
3
Patients discharged,
Males, -
Females,
127
238
56
55
111
18
20
38
21
25
46
3
1
4
13
26
39
111
127
Recent cases — less than
one year — discharged,
Males, -
Females,
56
60
116
45
46
91
_
7
5
12
2
4
6
0
0
0
2
5
7
56
60
Chronic cases — one year
and more — discharged,
Males, - - -
Females,
51
64
115
8
7
15
11
15
26
19
20
39
2
1
3
11
21
32
51
64
Patients discharged, the
duration of whose in-
sanity not ascertained,
Males, - - -
Females,
4
3
7
_
3
2
5
»_
-
-
0
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
4
3
238
111
38
46
4
39
238
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
41
TABLE 4.
Showing the number of Admissions and Discharges, and the average
number in the Hospital, each month in the year.
Monthly Av-
erage,
Admissions.
Discharges.
December, 1850, _ _ .
454
18
11
January, 1851, _ - _
452
25
22
February, " - . -
453
18
14
March, " - _ _
457
27
19
April, "...
467
19
16
May, "...
467
23
23
June, " _ . ,
464
29
28
July, « . - -
471
27
17
August, " - - .
471
22
31
September, " - - .
466
12
19
October, « - - _
461
24
20
November, " - - -
469
19
18
Average for the year,
462
42
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
CO
S
^
53
gilt
t t t I
ions —
Winter,
Spring,
Summer
Autumn
Winter,
Spring,
Summer
Autumn
ries—
Winter,
Spring,
Summer
Autumn,
Winter,
Spring,
Summer
Autumn
<
o
.a
05
ma---
01
P
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
43
TABLE 6.
Showing the whole number of Residents during the year^ the average
number each year, the number at the end of each year, and the expense
of each of the nineteen years the Hospital has been in operation.
The Year.
Whole No. of
Residents dur-
ing the year.
Average No.
each year.
1 Number at
the end of each
j year.
Current Expenses
of each year.
Annual Expense
per patient.
1833
153
107
114
#12,272 91
^114 67
1834
233
117
1 118
15,840 27
135 38
1835
241
120
1 119
16,576 44
137 30
1836
245
127
138
21,395 28
168 44
1837
306
163
185
26,027 07
159 64
1838
362
211
218
28,739 40
136 20
1839
397
223
229
29,474 41
132 16
1840
391
229
236
27,844 98
121 59
1841
399
233
232
28,847 62
123 81
1842
430
238
i 238
27,546 87
111 12
1843
458
244
; 255
27,914 12
114 40
1844
491
261
i 263
29,278 75
112 17
1845
556
316
; 360
43,888 65
138 88
1846
637
359
1 367
39,870 37
111 06
1847
607
377
! 394
39,444 47
104 62
1848
655
404
: 409
42,860 05
106 09
1849
682
420
429
40,870 86
97 31
18^0
670
440
441
46,776 13
106 40
1851
704
462
466
52,485 33
113 61
By this table, it is shown that the number of residents and the aver-
age number of patients have been constantly increasing. The increase
has been more than one hundred over the average number five years
ago. The past year the average has been four hundred and sixty-two.
When I took charge of the Hospital, July 1st, 1846, the rooms were
all occupied, and we thought it crowded. Since then, thirty-six addi-
tional rooms have been built and six of the former ones have not been
used of late.
The expenses this year have been considerably enhanced by our
being able to accomplish several permanent improvements which had-
become necessary. The Treasurer's accounts show a large item under
the head of improvement and repairs.
The condition of the bank wall in front of the Hospital, on Summer
street, was such that a part of it would undoubtedly have been thrown
out by the frosts of another winter. A most substantial bank wall,
eight hundred ninety-seven and a half feet long, has been set in place
of the old one. The new wall is, on the average, fourteen inches
44
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
more on the Hospital land than the old one, and fronts on the county
commissioners' line of the street as surveyed in 1888. The founda-
tion is three and a half feet deep, and is, most of the length, made of
large stones, five feet long, laid cross-w^ise, reaching from front tOf
back of the w^all. Above the foundations the stones are all laid in
New Jersey cement, and all crevices grouted so as to form one solid
mass. Above ground it show^s a face of four courses of split North-
bridge granite. The two lower courses are each eighteen inches thick
and the two upper ones are sixteen inches. From the foundation
stones to the surface, the wall is about four feet thick, then up two
courses of the face it is nearly three and a half feet thick, and from
the third course to the top it is two and a half feet thick.
To correspond with this new vv^all a flight of eighteen new steps, ten
feet long, and buttresses eighteen inches thick, of stone from the same
quarry as the face of the wall, have been substituted for the old one.
The steps rise each eight inches and have a tread of thirteen inches.
The steps and buttresses are hammered.
In the face of this wall and in the headers there are 8,724 cubic
feet of stone.
The cost of the wall and steps, —
Stones, freight and hammering steps,
$2,128 85
Grading, , - , ..
1,725 84
Teaming, ....
861 69
Sand, ....
137 08
Cement, ....
717 37
Smithing, , . , .
289 66
$5,860 49
A picket fence, 2,160 feet long, which, with the bank wall above
mentioned, surrounds the thirteen acres on which the Hospital stands,
and which was presented by the inhabitants of this city to the Com-
monwealth, has also been built. The posts of this fence are of stone,
and were quarried in Northbridge. They are split eight inches square
at the top and eight by twelve inches at the bottom. They are set
four feet out of ground and four feet in the ground, except seventy-five
in the clayey soil on the northeast side of the lot, which are set five
feet in the ground. They are placed eight feet apart. The bottom
rails, which are two inches by seven, are laid in iron hooks on the front
face of the posts, fastened in three inches with melted lead. The
other rails, which are two inches by seven, are held on the beveled
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 45
top of the posts by an iron bolt, which does not come up through the
rail. The pickets are six feet long, one inch and seven eighths wide
by one inch and a half thick, sharpened down nine inches. The lum-
ber for the rails and pickets is all of the first quality white pine, and
of Canada growth, costing $32 per thousand feet in Albany, N. Y.
The posts cost, set and ironed, thirteen shillings each. The whole
cost of the fence, including painting, is about f 1 per foot, besides the
eastern gate, which is not made.
The whole brick exterior of the Hospital has been oiled over with
two coats of the best linseed oil. About 350 gallons were used. The
cost of the oil and the labor of putting it on was $426. It gives a
fresh, bright appearance to the building, and the oil fills up the pores
of the brick, which keeps them from being saturated with water dur-
ing storms. The north Johonnot wing has been painted outside and
in. The outside of the chapel and Johonnot Hall have been painted.
Two of the kitchens have been painted, and the three upper stories of
the centre building and the floor and standing wood work in the north
middle gallery.
In the south L the sink rooms and water closets have been trans-
ferred to the southeast corner room, in which there are two windows.
New plumbers work has been substituted for the old. Three new iron
bath tubs have been put in, and a bath kettle placed in the basement,
so that the patients in that part of the Hospital can bathe in their
own galleries now as they can in all the other galleries.
A large ventilator, two feet and a half in diameter, of galvanized
iron, has been placed on the top of this wing, and thus far it gives
promise of being useful.
To afford a more easy and agreeable access to the rear of the estab-
lishment, the drive-way from the east has been widened out from
about twenty-four to forty-two feet, by tipping in on each side many
loads of earth taken mostly from the foundation of the new bank wall on
Summer street. This will hereafter be the principal business entrance
to the Hospital. A gravelled sidewalk, eight feet wide, has been
graded in the streets by the new bank wall, and by the new picket
fence.
Bordering on the Hospital land, in Pine street, we placed, in the
spring, sixty white cedar trees, and in Central and Mulberry streets we
sat out sixty rock maple trees.
46
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
TABLE 7.
Showing the Causes of Insanity as affecting persons pursuing different
Occupations.
6
^
a
.2
<
13
a.
■2
3
a a
a o
g
•a
p.
n
a.
1
i
Hi
-
S
fi""
«
£
5^
fd
1-s
o
Farmers,
73
23
31
30
30
31
5
11
3
237
Laborers,
93
15
18
8
11
9
5
11
2
172
Seamen,
34
7
8
3
7
7
1
1
3
71
Merchants,
15
6
32
5
4
22
1
3
0
88
Carpenters, -
19
8
10
4
11
8
3
2
0
65
Shoemakers, -
11
11
33
8
11
7
2
1
0
84
Blacksmiths, -
4
]
2
1
2
4
3
1
0
20
Students,
0
3
24
2
2
0
0
2
0
33
Clergymen,
1
2
4
0
1
1
1
0
0
10
Lawyers,
2
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
6
Physicians,
2
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
4
Painters,
2
1
1]
2
1
1
1
1
0
20
Manufacturers,
9
3
4
2
5
5
1
0
0
29
TABLE 8.
Showing the Causes of Insanity, and the circumstances connected with
the causes and predisposition to Insanity, the last and previous years.
Ill Health,
Intempprance, - -
Domestic Affliction,
Religion, - . - -
Masturbation, _ . .
Property, - - - _
Disappointed Affection,
Disappointed Ambition, -
Epilepsy, -
Puerperal, - . - -
Wounds on the Head,
Hard Labor, - _ _
Jealousy, - - - -
Fright, - - - -
Palsy, _ - . _
Periodical cases, -
Hereditary cases, - - .
Homicidal cases, - ' -
Have committed Homicide,
Suicidal cases, - - _
Have committed Suicide, -
Cases arising from Physical causes.
Cases arising from Moral causes, -
1851.
Previously.
25
503
12
351
20
311
7
248
7
183
4
174
5
94
0
39
8
97
10
108
1
48
14
38
1
16
3
24
0
32
38
753
46
876
29
109
1
21
48
311
1
17
84
1380
53
946
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 47
Th3 ordinary causes of insanity have not, the past year, failed to
produce their ordinary results. To ill health, from whatever source
brought on, has been assigned by their friends the largest number of
cases. The brain, — the instrument by which the mind is manifested, —
sympathises more or less immediately with the general prostration of
the body, whether from over-exertion, loss of sleep, or mental disturb-
ance, that prostration is induced. When weakened or rendered sus-
ceptible by sickness the brain is very liable to respond in a disordered
tone ; and if continued mental efforts are made while the brain is
weakened by disease, the responses may become permanently disor-
dered. It is but seldom that we see patients in whom some physical
disease was not noticed in the early stage of their insanity.
Intemperance sends a few of its victims to us every year. A singu-
lar case in respect to the long continuance, — now nearly a whole
year, — of the peculiar symptoms of delirium tremens, has been under
our care. When his attention is not diverted by the presence of
others, he almost constantly sees " the pistols of the villains who are
trying to shoot" him " pointing right towards" him. He often holds
the building from tipping over on to him, as he says, and he will exert
himself for hours to prevent his wagon from turning over. His con-
fiding wife said, and she probably believed, that " John never drank
any spirits in his life." It is truly a lovely passion that blinds our
eyes towards the failings of our wedded friends.
Some seek in the artificial but temporary excitement of the intoxi-
cating cup, relief to their mental distress occasioned by the reverse of
fortune. This is always injudicious, for mental depression is very
sure to fellow mental excitement artificially produced. Besides, func-
tional or organic disease of the brain, in sympathy with the stomach,
follows sooner or later the use of intoxicating liquors, accompanied by
excitement or depressions of mind or feelings which constitutes in-
sanity, if long continued.
Two cases have come to us the past year, resulting from disease of
the bowels contracted in California. The disease of the bowels in
each case has been removed, but the sympathetic affection of the brain
will remain. Within the last three years the wives of nine men have
come to our care, in consequence, in almost every instance, of their
husbands going to California.
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
i-
TABLE 9.
Previous Occupation of Patients^ where it was known.
Farmers, - - - - -
Laborers, - - - - -
Merchants, _ . _ _
Shoemakers, . , ^ -
Seamen, - . - - -
Carpenters, _ _ _ -
Manufacturers, _ - - -
Teachers, - - - - -
Students, - - - - -
Blacksmiths, _ _ - -
Machinists, _ _ - ^
Painters, - - - - -
Tailors, - . - - -
Clergymen, _ , - .
Lawyers, - - - - -
Physicians, _ _ - _
Females accustomed to active employment,
Females accustomed to sedentary employment.
Previously.
752
279
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
49
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STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
51
TABLE 11.
Ages of Patients in the
Hospital,
Duration of Insanity with those remaining in the
December 1st, 1851.
Hospital, December 1st, 1851
Under 10 years
old,-
0
Less than 1 year insane, -
- 50
From 10 to 15 years
old,
-
_
1
From 1 to 2 years insane,
- 44
« 15 to 20
a
u
-
-
13
" 9 to 5
(( a
- 118
" 20 to 25
((
u
-
-
41
" 5 to 10
11 It
- 91
" 25 to 30
((
((
-
-
50
" 10 to 15
il <(
- 57
" 30 to 35
u
M
-
.
66
" 15 to 20
ti it
- 22
" 35 to 40
((
ii
-
-
70
" 20 to 25
a il
- 17
" 40 to 45
<(
il
-
.
68
" 25 to 30
it il
- 8
" 45 to 50
((
((
.
.
43
Over 30,
il ((
- 8
" 50 to 55
((
((
-
_
40
Unknown,
-
- 51
" 55 to 60
u
((
_
_
26
" 60 to 65
u
((
-
_
15
466
" 65 to 70
((
((
_
.
18
" 70 to 75
((
((
_
-
6
" 75 to 80
((
((
_
_
8
Over 80
(i
u
1
466
•
52
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
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Si
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
53
TABLE 13.
Diseases that have proved Fatal.
1851.
Preriously.
Marasmus,
3
61
Apoplexy and Palsy,
-
-
6
43
Consumption, - - '
-
-
5
39
Epilepsy,
-
-
4
38
Disease of the Heart, -
-
-
0
18
Suicide, - - -
.
_
1
17
Disease of the Brain,
_
_
1
17
Typhus Fever, -
_
_
1
10
Lung Fever,
_
-
2
12
Hemorrhage,
-
-
0
5
Dysenteric Fever,
_
-
1
8
Cholera Morbus,
. _■ .
-
0
4
Inflammation of the Bowels,
-
_
3
4
Mortification of the Limbs,
-
-
0
3
Dropsy, - - .
-
_
0
6
Chronic Dysentery,
-
-
0
4
Erysipelas,
-
.
3
12
Diarrhoea,
_
_
0
16
Disease of the Brain from Intemperance,
-
0
2
Bronchitis,
_
_
0
3
Old Age,
_
-
1
5
Gastric Fever, -
-
_
1
4
Land Scurvy, -
--
-
0
1
Congestive Fever,
-
-
0
2
Concussion of the Brain,
_
_
0
1
Disease of the Bladder,
- -
0
1
Fright, -
-
-
0
1
Rupture.
_
-
0
1
Maniacal Exhaustion, -
_
_
5
19
Convulsions,
_
-
0
2
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_
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4
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1
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-
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.
-
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1
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-
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1
0
Jaundice,
1
0
39
366
The remains of those w^hose life closes while under our care, are,
in all instances, sent to their friends vv^ho desire it. The remains of
those who have no friends to wish the removal, are decently buried in
the part of one of the cemeteries in this city appropriated to the use
of this Hospital soon after its commencement.
The mortality in hospitals for the insane, where the patients are not
removed after a short residence, must always be seemingly large. In-
54 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
sanity with many is but one of the symptoms of a general breaking
up of the physical constitution. The incurable, if not removed, must
sooner or later be included in our bills of mortality. Of such is a
large per cent, of our deaths this year. Insanity usually consumes
the vital principle rapidly. But there are a few exceptions where the
physical powers are but little affected by many long years of mental
disturbance. The average age of the 36 who died the last year, the
duration of whose insanity was known, was 49 years and 8 months.
The average time insanity continued in the 28, in whom it lasted more
than one year, was 9 years and 3 months ; and the average time it
continued in the 8, in whom it did not continue one year, was 4 months
and 7 days.
Of the number who have closed their earthly accounts the past year,
was one whose character was so distinctly marked by his singulari-
ties as to be recognized by many who had but a slight acquaintance
with him.
His extreme timidity made good the old proverb of " a faint heart,"
and brought to bear upon himself the ridicule of his own sex. The
jeers of his " shop-mates" prevented his tender passions from mani-
festing themselves towards the object of his affections. This was said
to have been the cause of his insanity. At the age of 25, he was so
beside himself as to require seclusion, and he was placed in this Hos-
pital. His prominent symptoms then were timidity, fear of being
killed by violence or poison, fear of doing wrong, &c. He was penu-
rious to a fault. Phrenologists at that day said these traits of charac-
ter were indicated on his head by very prominent bumps. In carrying
out these manifestations, he gave his attendants and the officers of the
Hospital, a vast deal of trouble and anxiety. Many a time he eloped
from the custody of his attendants, by his mechanical ingenuity and
his skill in the use of tools acquired in his trade of comb-making.
And more than twice he started to go ofT, leaving all his clothing be-
hind him, for, as he afterwards said, he thought his clothes belonged
to the Hospital. For only a small part of his eighteen years' residence
in the Hospital could he be induced to take his food with others at the
table, but would wait until the others had swept the board, and then
he would make his meal of the broken bits left by them. The crumbs
on the floor he would gather when he was allowed to do so. Wasting
of the food was with him one of the most enormous sins.
A characteristic anecdote is related of him by steward E., who, on
their way to the meadovvs to work, induced N. to get into the wagon
to ride ; but, on coming to rising ground, N. insisted on getting out,
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. B5
and did so, and gave his reason in the following question : — " Don't
you think, Mr. E., the horse would eat more hay for drawing me up
the hill than he would if he didn't ?" That economy which consists
in saving, was most rigidly observed by him. He was industrious too.
For years he spent his evening and the best day of the week in mak-
ing buttons of soup bones found in his walks. With a small instru-
ment he had prepared from a saw-plate, he worked out many quarts of
very tolerable button moulds. Of late years it was a favorite employ-
ment with him, if not an amusement, to sift over the anthracite coal
ashes and save the small pieces and partially consumed lumps. He
demonstrated to us that more than one quarter of the coal was usually
thrown away unconsumed in the ashes. This last spring several of
the farmers called to get him, with a seed sower that he had fitted up,
to go and sow their carrot ground for them, as he had done before.
This shows that his life had been, in one respect, useful, and that his
death had left a void in the world. He wished to be useful, and was
so in many things about the Hospital the last few years of his life.
But to induce him to take sufficient food, and to keep him even com-
fortably clad, required the constant coercive influences of the Hos-
pital. As his constitution had been undermined by his defiance of
most of the laws of health, he fell a sacrifice to a change in the cli-
mate, although he had protected himself with a leathern suit for the
cold winds, and oil cloth for the wet weather. He died begging hard
to live longer that he might be further useful to his fellow men ; and
before the last dreaded change should take place, to be carried back to
the farm where he was born, and to die in peace at the home of his
fathers.
Another man, remarkable in the history of this Hospital, has just
closed his earthly career. Peter Sibley was indicted and tried for the
alleged crime of homicide " at the September term of the Supreme
Judicial Court, holden in the county of Worcester, A. D. 18 17, and was,
by the jury, found not guilty on account of insanity ; and it appearing
to the court that the going at large of said Sibley would be dangerous
to the citizens and peace of the Commonwealth, it was ordered, by said
court, that he be committed to the prison within said county, there to
to be detained until he be restored to his right mind, or otherwise dis-
charged by due course of law." In " a room thereof, occupied by
himself alone, he was ever since confined," until he was, by the Gov-
ernor's proclamation, transferred, on the 16th of March, 1833, to this
Hospital. "During this whole time he has been," said the high
sheriff of the county, "evidently deranged, and a considerable portion
56 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
of it ' furiously mad.' His turns of madness have not been periodic
cal but occasional, though frequent, and generally characterized by
great noise and boisterousness. It was found impracticable to keep
him decently clad. He has been repeatedly clothed in suits, the ma-
terial and fashion of which seemed best adapted to prevent a removal
by him, but all to no purpose. His health generally has been good,
very good, and his appearance that of a well fed, athletic man."
After coming to the Hospital, his general physical health continued
good up to the last few months of his life. He manifested but little
intellect, and that constantly grew more dim. He showed some pride
in his dress and generally kept himself decently clad, although his
destructive propensity would occasionally expend itself on his clothes.
He never read anything, seldom made conversation, and usually an-
swered questions, when he gave any answers, in the simple monosylla-
ble. The last few years of his life, he did not probably know the
names even of those constantly with him. He would walk out with
his attendant, and a few times attended our religious meetings. He
was at times prone to halloo and scream without any apparent cause,
and manifested violent passion by uttering oaths and by beating his
head. He was not a difficult patient to manage, and never used physi-
cal violence upon any one here. He stood much of the time in his
own room, see-sawing or walking forwards and back three steps, each
way, without changing his position two feet.
His days were closed, as many of that class of the insane are, by a
series of epileptic fits, which had been increasing upon him for years.
At the time of the outrage for which he was arrested, his insanity
was known to a few of his neighbors only, and, at his trial, it was
questioned by the whole vicinity ; but the result shows that he was
ever afterwards deranged. He died at the age of 63 years, and for
more than 34 years of it he was confined ; for nearly half of which
confinement he remained in one room without much clothing or fire.
But few of the insane survive so many years in mental darkness as he
did. His physical powers were strong, upon which it is probable his
imbecility of mind and his disregard for the opinions of others had
but little effect. He had no keen susceptibility of the head to destroy
his digestion.
His wretched condition in the old prison, in the very centre of the
business of the county, was a common subject for speculation to vari-
ous classes in this community. To the thoughtless and cruel, his
provoked ravings and cries gave a kind of pleasure. To the kind-
hearted, his seemingly helpless and hopeless condition gave pain, but
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 57
to the reflecting his very woful state was suggestive of plans for his
amelioration.
Although he had lifted his hand against his fellow man, and had
been immurcd for years in a cold, damp cell, subject to the taunts and
scoffs of the thoughtless and vicious, kind feelings, for those he knew
could not have injured him, remained in his bosom. A ray of tender
regard for the confiding fowls of the air, and his own lonely lot, may
have induced him to build the house for her young in his window.
This incident of poor Sibley was beautifully alluded to some years
since, by one early devoted to the best interests of this institution, as
follows : — ^^' Those who are curious in tracing the steps by which great
effects proceed from apparently slight causes, may imagine, not wholly
without reason, that the mud bird's nest, described in one of the early
Reports of the Prison Discipline Society, built on one of the bars of the
grated windows of his loathsome apartment in the old Worcester jail,
by one of the present inmates of this Hospital, then in nakedness and
filth, now clothed and comfortable, was the foundation of this noble
structure, and the -effects of that scene may yet be felt on the other
"fide of the globe.""
58
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
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STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 59
With the idle, time passes slowly ; so it is with such of our household
as are not employed. It has been our constant endeavor to occupy as
much as possible the hands and minds of our patients with labor or
amusement. The former habit of most of our females in the use of
the needle continues with them here a constant source of enjoyment
as well as of usefulness. Many are also daily engaged in the various
domestic duties of the establishment. The male patients also perform
a large amount of the farming and other out-door work, but a part of
the year their resources of manual labor are much restricted. The
various games, and our library of several hundred volumes of miscel-
laneous books, do much to while away the otherwise vacant hours of
many, and make them, for a time at least, forget their troubles.
The proprietors of the following newspapers continue to be very
kind and liberal in sending our patients regular copies of their publi-
cations. They are always cordially welcomed and perused with inter-
est. They contain a variety of matter which interests and instructs
without fatiguing their minds as many books do. In behalf of our
patients we heartily thank those who I'emember them in the distribu-
tion of such acceptable favors. The Daily Advertiser, Evening Ga-
zette, Olive Branch, Puritan Recorder, Christian Witness and Church
Advocate, Christian Watchman and Reflector, Youth's Companion,
Monthly Religious Magazine, Zion's Herald, New England Farmer,
and Christian Observer, from Boston ; Register and Essex County
Gazette, from Salem ; Lynn News, from Lynn ; Old Colony Memo-
rial, from Plymouth ; Gospel Messenger, from Utica, N. Y. ; ^gis,
Daily 'and Weekly Spy, Palladium, Cataract, N. E. M. T. Journal,
Daily Transcript, from Worcester.
The printing offices of this city give us of their exchanges, and the
Rev. T. F. Norris sends us a large bundle of his, often. From the
Hon. John Davis we have received the Patent Office Report of 1849-
50, the President's Annual Message and accompanying documents,
1850-51, and Reconnoisances in New Mexico, &c., which is Foster
and Whitney's Report. And Mr. Thomas Drew, Rev. Charles R.
Fisher and Doct. Curwen, each sent us a valuable book.
Our patients walk out daily, in parties, with their attendants, and we
aim in the pleasant season to get out of doors daily all who are in a
condition to walk or ride out. Our coach is devoted to the use of the
females, and the feeble men are carried out mornings in our single
carriage.
One afternoon in two weeks about seventy female patients, with their
attendants, have been accustomed to meet the Matron in the Johonnot
60 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
Hall, and enjoy about two hours in social intercourse with the pro-
fessed object of making up linen for the use of the Hospital.
On the 4th of February last, the " Swiss Bell Ringers" gave a very
interesting entertainment to our chapel full of our household. The
audience listened to their novel performance with astonishment and
delight.
On the 19th of July, Professor Arnold Guyot put up a set of Me-
teorological Instruments at one of the north windows of our office.
These instruments are one of the twelve sets furnished by Massachu-
setts, and it was put up by Prof. Guyot, under the direction of the
Smithsonian Institution at Washington. The instruments consist of a
barometer, thermometer, psychrometer, rain gauge, two graduated
glasses for measuring rain water, portfolio for blanks, table of reduc-
tion and directions of the Smithsonian Institution for making meteoro-
logical observations, according to the system established by order and
at the expense of the Commonwealth.
Hereafter, the meteorological observations will be noted in the
weather table kept here according to the above system.
Ever since January 3d, 1839, observations of the weather have
been regularly noted three times every day or more, and printed in
the annual reports.
Our farming has been as successful as ever, and the results, as esti-
mated by the Steward, are as follows :
Potatoes, 259 bushels, at 50 cents.
Peas, 48
Beets, 129
Turnips, 155
Parsnips, 35
Onions, 36
Apples, 21
«$1,
" 25 cents,
" 25 "
" 50 "
" 50 "
" 50 "
"Winter squash, 1,000 pounds, at 1 cent.
Cabbages, 1,650, each at 4 cents.
Quarts of milk, 39,000, at 3^ cents, .
Beef, 8,767 pounds, at 6^ cents,
Pork, 2,843 pounds.
.
$129 50
A
48 00
32 25
38 75
17 50
18 00
10 50
10 00
66 00
. 1,365 00
569 85
184 79
J,490 14
And there was raised for wintering the stock, which consists of 4
horses, 4 oxen, 27 cows and 72 swine i
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 61
Hay, 53 tons, $530 00
Carrots, 2,170 bushels, ..... 542 50
$1,072 50
The religious worship of our family has been conducted with dis-
tinguished ability and propriety, by the same Chaplain who has been
with us for many years. The seats in both rooms of the chapel are
usually crowded with a very quiet and attentive audience, and the
reserved seats for strangers are often occupied too.
In conclusion, I say, we have entered upon another year with a
family of five hundred and thirty-six persons, enjoying great freedom
from all acute disease, and otherwise blessed with favorable auspices.
Most respectfully,
GEORGE CHANDLER.
State Lunatic Hospital,
Worcester, Dec. 2, 185L
62
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
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Rain last night.
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Began to snow 9^ A. M,
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Rain last night.
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8 inches snow.
\ inch snow last night. Snow squalls 3 P.M.
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Rain 7 P. M.
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OFFICEES.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
LEVI LINCOLN, President, Worcester.
E. H. KELLOGG, Pittsfield.
J. S. C. KNOWLTON, Seceetart, Worcester.
FOSTER HOOPER, Fall River.
SAMUEL G. HOWE, Boston.
TREASURER.
SAMUEL JENNISON, Worcester.
OFFICE AT THE SAVINGS BANK, FOSTER STREET.
RE SI DENT OFFICE RS.
GEORGE CHANDLER, Superintendent
GEORGE ALLEN,
JOHN R. LEE,
MERRICK BEMIS,
THOMAS HILL,
Miss ELIZABETH A. REID, Matron.
JOHN T. MIRICK, Sitpervisor.
Mrs. PHEBE S. MIRICK, do.
EDWARD A. SMITH, Clerk.
Chaplain.
Assistant Physician.
do. do.
Steward.
LAWS
COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS
BSLITING TO THX
hit '^umik '§ssphl
LAWS
RELATING TO
THE STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
Revised Statutes, Chapter 48.
GOVERNMENT.
Sect. 1. The government of the State Lunatic Hospital at Worces-
ter shall be vested in a board of five trustees, to be annually appointed
and commissioned by the governor, with the advice and consent of the
council ; but the trustee, who is first named in the commission, shall
not be appointed for the succeeding year ; and the trustees who are in
office when this chapter takes effect as a law, shall continue to exer-
cise their powers, according to the tenor of their commissions, until
others are appointed.
Sect. 2. The said trustees shall take charge of the general inter-
ests of the institution, and see that its affairs are conducted according
to the requirements of the legislature and the by-laws and regulations
which the trustees shall establish, for the internal government and
economy of the institution, and they shall be reimbursed all expenses
incurred in the discharge of their official duties.
Sect. 3. The trustees shall appoint a superintendent, who shall
always be a physician, and shall constantly reside at the hospital, and
a treasurer, who shall give bonds for the faithful discharge of his du-
ties ; and they shall also appoint, or make provision in the by-laws for
appointing, such other officers, as in their opinion may be necessary
for conducting efficiently and economically the business of the institu-
tion ; and all appointments made by them shall be made in such man-
ner, and with such restrictions, and for such terms of time, as the
by-laws shall prescribe ; and the salaries of all the officers of the
institution shall be determined by the trustees, subject to the approval
of the governor and council ; the trustees shall also establish by-laws
and regulations, with suitable penalties, for the internal government
and economy of the institution.
Sect. 4. The trustees may take and hold, in trust for the Common-
wealth, any grant or devise of lands, and any donation or bequest of
money, or other personal property, to be applied to the maintenance of
insane persons, and the general use of said institution.
Sect. 5. There shall be a thorough visitation of the hospital,
monthly, by one or more of the trustees, and semiannually by a ma-
4 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
jority of them, and annually by the whole board ; and at each visita-
tion, a written account of the state of the institution shall be drawn
up, which shall be presented at the annual meeting, to be held in the
month of December ; and at the said annual meeting, a full and de-
tailed report shall be made, to be laid before the governor and council,
during the first week of the then next session of the legislature, for the
use of the government, exhibiting a particular statement of the con-
dition of the hospital and of all its concerns ; and at the same time,
the treasurer shall present to the governor and council his annual
report on the finances of the institution, both of which reports shall be
made up to the thirtieth day of November inclusive.
ADMISSION OF PATIENTS TO THE HOSPITAL.
Sect. 6. The judges of probate in the several counties, except
Suffolk, and in that county the judge of the municipal court, may com-
mit to the hospital any lunatic, who, in their opinion, is so furiously
mad as to render it manifestly dangerous to the peace and safety of
the community that he should be at large ; and all lunatics, ordered
to be confined by any court, according to the provisions of the one
hundred and thirty-sixth, and one hundred and thirty-seventh chapters,
shall be committed to said hospital ; and no tribunal, other than the
judicial officers mentioned in this chapter, shall have authority to com-
mit any lunatic to said hospital ; and in all cases, the judges of probate
and the judge of the municipal court, respectively, shall certify in
what town the lunatic resided, at the time of his commitment, and the
judges of the supreme judicial court and court of common pleas, re-
spectively, shall certify in what town he resided, at the time of the
arrest, in pursuance of which he was held to answer before those
courts ; and such certificate shall, for the purposes of this chapter, be
conclusive evidence of his residence.
Sect. 7. Any person who shall apply for the commitment of any
lunatic, under the provisions of the preceding section, shall first give
notice, in writing, to one or more of the selectmen of the town, or
mayor of the city, where such lunatic resides, of his intention to make
such application ; and satisfactory evidence, that such notice has been
given, shall be produced to the said judges, respectively, at the time
of making such application.
Sect. 8. Any lunatic who is supported as a town pauper, may,
with consent of the trustees, be committed to the Hospital by the over-
seers of the poor of his town, and shall be kept for a sum, which
shall not in any case exceed the actual expense of his support ; and
the trustees may also, in their discretion, receive into the hospital, for
a less sum, any poor persons suffering under recent insanity, whether
supported or not by any town or city.
expenses.
Sect. 9. The expenses of the hospital for the support of all luna-
tics committed by any of the judicial officers mentioned in this chap-
ter, or by virtue of a proclamation of the governor, or by a resolve of
the legislature, or by two of the justices of the peace and of the quo-
rum, shall be paid by the town, in which such lunatics had their settle-
ment, at the time of their commitment, unless in cases when other
sufficient security, to the satisfaction of the trustees, shall have been
taken for such support ; and if any town or city shall neglect or refuse to
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 6
pay whatever sum may be charged and due, according to the by-laws
of the hospital, on account of the support of any such patient at the
hospital, or for the removal of any patient, whom the trustees are
authorized by law to remove, for the space of thirty days after the
same shall have been demanded by the treasurer, in writing, of the
selectmen of the town, or of the mayor and aldermen of the city
liable therefor, the same may be recovered for the use of the hospital,
in an action to be brought in the name of the treasurer against such
delinquent town, in which action the declaration may be in a general
indebitatus assumpsit, and judgment shall be rendered for such sum as
shall be found due, with interest from the time of the demand thereof
made as aforesaid.
Sect. 10. Eve^-y town, which shall pay any expenses for the sup=
port or removal of any lunatic, under the provisions of the preceding
section, shall have the like rights and remedies, to recover such sums
with interest and costs, as if such expenses had been incurred in the
ordinary support of the lunatic.
Sect. 1L Whenever any lunatic, not having a legal settlement in
this State, shall be supported at the hospital, he shall be personally
liable for all expenses incurred by him at said hospital, to be recov-
ered by an action in the name of the treasurer thereof, as provided in
the ninth section ; and the district attorneys, or other prosecuting offi-
cers of the Commonwealth, shall institute any suits in their respective
districts, whenever they shall be thereto requested by the trustees.
Sect. 12. No keeper of any jail or house of correction shall make
any contract for supporting, within the county buildings, any lunatic,
who is supported as a town pauper, without first obtaining the appro=
bation, in writing, of the commissioners ; and for every offence against
this provision, such keeper shall forfeit a sum not less than one hun-
dred dollars.
DISCHARGES.
Sect. 13. No pauper shall be discharged from the hospital without
suitable clothing ; and the trustees may furnish the same at their dis-
cretion, together with such a sum of money, not exceeding twenty
dollars, as they may think necessary.
Sect. 14. Any two of the trustees, or either of the justices of the
supreme judicial court or of the court of common pleas, at any term
held within and for the county of Worcester, may, on application in
writing for that purpose, discharge from confinement, after the cause
of such confinement shall have ceased, any lunatic committed to the
hospital ; and the trustees inay also remove any idiot or other patient to
the town, where the judge or court committing him shall certify that he
resided, whenever, in the opinion of the trustees, he shall cease to be
dangerous, within the intent of the law, and shall not be susceptible of
mental improvement, by remedial treatment at the hospital : provided,
that such town, after reasonable notice, in writing, from the trustees,
shall not remove such idiot or other patient.
Sect. 15. If, at any time, the lunatics in the hospital shall be so
numerous that they cannot all be suitably accommodated therein, and,
in the opinion of the trustees, it shall be proper that some of them
should be removed therefrom, the trustees may remove to the jails or
houses of correction in the respective counties, from which such luna-
6 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
tics were sent, so many of them as may be necessary, in order to
afford suitable accommodation for the remainder of them ; and the
keepers of the jails and houses of correction, in the said counties,
shall receive the lunatics so removed ; and a certificate, under the
hands of three or more of the trustees, shall be their sufficient warrant
therefor ; and in making selections among the lunatics for such re-
moval, the trustees shall, in all cases, when other circumstances are
equal, select foreigners before citizens, and among citizens they shall
select those who, in their opinion, are least susceptible of improve-
ment at the hospital ; and the lunatics so removed shall be subject to
the order and direction of the commissioners of said counties, respec-
tively.*
Sect. 16. For reimbursing any expenses incurred by the city of
Boston, the town of Nantucket, or by any county, for the support of
any lunatic, removed as is provided in the preceding section, the said
city, town and county, respectively, if such lunatic had any legal set-
tlement in this State, shall have the like remedy against the town or
city, where his settlement is, as towns have against each other, to re-
cover the expenses of supporting paupers, and subject to the like con-
ditions and limitations ; and if the said lunatic has not a legal settle-
ment in this State, the said city of Boston, town of Nantucket, and
counties, respectively, may recover the said expenses, in an action for
money laid out and expended, in the names of their respective treas-
urers, against the said lunatic, his executors and administrators ; and
if he shall have no estate to satisfy the execution in such suit, and
shall not have a legal settlement in this State, the said city, town, and
counties, respectively, shall be indemnified by the Commonwealth.
Sect, 17. For the purposes of the provisions contained in this
chapter, except when otherwise provided, the year shall be considered
to commence on the first Wednesday in February.
Revised Statutes, Chapter 136.
PROCEEDINGS BEFORE TRIAL.
Sect. 15. When any person, held in prison on a charge of having
committed an indictable offence, shall not be indicted by the grand
jury by reason pf insanity, the gi'and jury shall certify that fact to the
court ; and, thereupon, if the discharge or going at large of such in-
sane person shall be deemed manifestly dangerous to the peace and
safety pf the community, the court may order him to be committed to
the State Lunatic Hospital ; otherwise he shall be discharged.
Revised Statutes, Chapter 137.
TRIALS IN CRIMINAL CASES.
Sect. 12. When any person indicted for an offence shall, on trial,
be acquitted by the jury by reason of insanity, the jury, in giving
their verdict of not guilty shall state that it was given for such cause ;
* St. 1839. clinpfer 131, <> 6,
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 7
and thereupon, if the discharge or going at large of such insane per-
son shall be considered dangerous to the peace and safety of the com-
munity, the court may order him to be committed to the State Lunatic
Hospital ; otherwise he shall be discharged.
Revised Statutes, Chapter 145.
PROVISION FOK CONVICTS WHO BECOME INSANE WHILE IMPRISONED.
Sect. 1. Whenever a convict, confined in prison in any county,
shall become insane, the physician attending such prison shall make
report thereof to the jailer, who shall transmit such report to the judge
of probate for the county, except in the county of Suffolk, where the
jailer shall deliver such report to the judge of the municipal court ; the
judge, who may receive such report, shall make inquiry into the facts
therein stated, and if satisfied that such convict has become insane, he
may, at any time when he shall think necessary, cause such insane
prisoner to be removed to the State Lunatic Hospital; otherwise he
shall remain in prison until the further order of the said judge, or until
he shall be otherwise discharged according to law.
Sect. 2. If any person, so removed to the hospital, shall be re-
stored to sanity, before the expiration of the time for which he was
sentenced, he shall be forthwith returned to the prison from which he
was removed, and be detained in execution of his sentence until the
expiration of the time therein originally limited ; the time of his con-
finement in the hospital, in such case, being computed as part of the
term of his imprisonment.
An Act passed in 1837, Chapter 228.
Sect. 1. The judges who are authorized by tha forty-eighth chap-
ter of the Revised Statutes to commit lunatics to the State Lunatic
Hospital, may hear and determine complaints against persons charged
as being lunatics, at such times and places as the said judges respec-
tively shall appoint ; and whenever request for that purpose shall be
made by the person complained against, they shall issue a warrant to
the sheriff, or to any deputy of the sheriff, in their respective counties,
directing such sheriff or deputy to summon a jury of six lawful men,
to hear and determine the question whether the person complained
against is so furiously mad, as to render it manifestly dangerous to the
peace and safety of the community that such person should be at
large.
Sect. 2. The said jurors shall be selected in equal numbers from
the town in which the trial shall be had, and one adjoining tov/n, or
from two adjoining towns, as the judges aforesaid respectively shall
direct, and the same proceedings shall be had in selecting and empan=
nelling said jury, and they, together with officers and witnesses who
shall be in attendance, shall be entitled to such compensation as is
prescribed in the twenty-fourth chapter of the Revised Statutes : pro-
vided, that in the counties of Suffolk and Nantucket all the jurors may
be taken from the same town.
8 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
Sect. 3. The said judges respectively shall preside at such trial,
and administer to the jury an oath faithfully and impartially to try said
issue, and the verdict of the jury shall be final on said complaint.
Sect. 4, If there shall not be a full jury of the persons summoned,
by reason of challenges or otherwise, the said judges respectively shall
cause the officer who summoned the jury, or in his absence the officer
attending the jury, to return some suitable person or persons to supply
the deficiency, and they shall have the same authority as the supreme
judicial court and court of common pleas have by law to enforce the at-
tendance of jurors and witnesses, and to inflict fines for non-attendance.
Sect. 5. The expense of such trial, including the fees of all neces-
sary witnesses, shall be certified and allowed by the said judges re-
spectively, and paid out of the treasury of the county in which such
trial shall be had.
SALARIES OF OFFICEKS.
Sect. 6. The salaries of the superintendent, the assistant physi-
cian, steward, and matron of said hospital, shall be paid quarterly, out
of the treasury of the Commonwealth, and warrants shall be drawn
therefor, and no charge shall be made against any lunatic, or any per-
son or corporation who shall be liable for his support at said hospital,
on account of said salaries.
Sect. 7. The word " settlement," in the ninth section of the said
forty-eighth chapter of the Revised Statutes, shall be construed and
taken to mean residence, in all adjudications which shall be had there-
on : provided, that if it shall be made to appear that the lunatic for
whom payment is demanded has no settlement within this Common-
wealth, the town of his residence shall not be liable for the expense
incurred on his account, as provided in said section.
Act of 1838, Chapter 31.
OFFICEES' FEES.
The court of common pleas is hereby authorized to allow to any
sheriff", constable or any other person, to whom a precept may be
directed by name, who has heretofore committed or who hereafter
may commit any person to the State Lunatic Hospital, the same fees
as are now allowed to officers upon the commitment of any person to
prison, and such further sums for expenses incurred in said commit-
ment, as to the said court may seem reasonable ; and the fees and
other sums so allowed shall be made up in the general bill of costs for
the term of the court at which such allowance shall be made.
Act of 1839, Chapter 149.
Sect. 1. Either of the justices of the supreme judicial court or of
the court of common pleas, at any term held within and for the county
of Worcester, or the judge of probate of said county, may, on appli-
cation, in writing, for the discharge from said hospital of any lunatic
who shall have remained there a sufficient time to make it appear that
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL. 9
he is incurable, cause such lunatic to be delivered to the agents of any
town in which he may have his legal settlement, or to the friends of
such lunatic, when, in the opinion of either of said justices, or said
judge of probate, it would not be to the injury of the person so con-=
fined ; and when it shall be made to appear that such person, would be
comfortably and safely provided for, by any parent, kindred, friend,
master or guardian, or by any town or city in which he may have a
legal settlement, and whenever request for that purpose shall be
made, in writing, by any person interested in such discharge, to the
judge before whom the trial is to be held, he shall issue a warrant to
the sheriff, or any deputy, to summon a jury of six lawful men to hear
and determine the question whether such lunatic is incurable, and
may be comfortably and safely provided for, according to the terms
of this act, and the proceedings shall be the same in selecting the
jurors, conducting the trial, and « allowing the costs, as are provided in
the two hundred and twenty-eighth chapter of the laws of the year
one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
RECOMMITMENT OF THE INCtTRABLE.
Sect. 2. If at any time after the discharge of an incurable luna-
tic, as above provided, it shall be made to appear, on complaint by
any person, under oath, to the judge of probate for the county in which
such lunatic has his legal settlement, or shall be placed, that he is not
comfortably supported, or that the public safety is endangered by him,
it shall be the duty of said judge to order his recommitment to said
hospital ; and the same proceedings may be had in determining these
questions by a jury, upon the request of any person interested therein,
made in writing to said judge, as are provided in the first section of
this act.
Sect. 3. In case of the absence, sickness or death of the judge of
probate of any county in the Commonwealth, except the county of
Suffolk, any justice of the supreme judicial court or of the court of
common pleas, may commit to the State Lunatic Hospital, any lunatic
furiously mad in such county, in the same manner and upon the same
proceedings as are now provided by law for the commitment of luna-
tics to said hospital by judges of probate.
Act of 1842, Chapter 96.
CORPORATION.
Sect. 1. That the trustees of the State Lunatic Hospital, for the
time being, shall be a corporation, by the name of the Trustees of the
State Lunatic Hospital, for the purpose of taking and holding, to them
and their successors, in trust for the Commonwealth, any grant or
devise of lands, and any donation or bequest of money, or other per-
sonal property which has been, or may hereafter be, made for the use
of said institution, and for the purpose of preserving and investing the
proceeds of any such grant, devise, donation or bequest, in notes or
bonds secured by good and sufficient mortgages, or in other securities,
with all powers necessary to carry into effect the purposes aforesaid.
Sect. 2. This act shall take effect from and after its passage.
10 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL,
Act of 1843, Chapter 65.
AQUEDUCT.
Sect. I. The trustees of the State Lunatic Hospital, to supply that
institution with pure and wholesome water, may establish and maintain
an aqueduct in the town of Worcester ; and for that purpose they are
hereby authorized and empowered to enter upon, take possession of,
and hold, so much of the lands situate on the westerly side of Mill
Stone Hill, owned by Frederick W. Paine, his wife and children, and
all such springs of water in said lands, and to dig and make such
wells and reservoirs thereon, and to lay and maintain such pipes and
conductors of water through and across all lands, streets and ways
between said springs, wells and reservoirs and the State Lunatic Hos-
pital, for the conveyance of water to said hospital, as may be neces-
sary to carry into effect the objects of this act. And if any proprietor
of, or person interested in, any lands, springs or water, which may be
taken by said trustees for all or any of the purposes aforesaid, do not
agree with said trustees on the price to be paid therefor, such proprie-
tor or person interested may have his damages assessed in the manner
provided in the one hundred and sixteenth chapter of the Revised
Statutes ; and the said trustees, in all cases where they do not acquire
title to the lands for the purposes aforesaid or to a privilege or ease-
ment therefor by conveyance, shall cause a certificate, describing the
land or the privilege or easement so taken and signed by them, to be
recorded in the registry of deeds for the county of Worcester.
Sect. 2. Any person who shall wilfully or maliciously defile, cor-
rupt or make impure any spring or other source of water or reservoir,
used by said trustees as aforesaid, or destroy or injure any pipe, con-
ductor of water or other property pertaining to such aqueduct, and
any person who shall aid or abet in any such trespass, shall be pun-
ished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprison-
ment for a term not exceeding one year.
Act of 1844, Chapter 120.
INSANE CONVICTS.
Sect. 1. Whenever a convict confined in the state prison shall be-
come deranged, it shall be the duty of the warden, or the inspectors
of the prison, to communicate notice of the fact to the chairman of
the commission for examining insane convicts in the state prison.
The said chairman, upon receiving said notice, shall forthwith call
together the members of said commission, at the prison aforesaid, who
shall proceed to investigate, and, after due examination, report upon
the supposed case of insanity, if any report be necessaiy.
Sect. 2. If, in the opinion of said commission, or a majority of
them, the convict has become insane, and in their opinion his removal
would be expedient, they shall report the same, together with their
reasons, to the judge of the municipal court of the city of Boston,
who, on receiving said report, shall issue his warrant, under the seal
of the court, directed to the wa\*den, and authorizing him to remove
said convict fo the State Lunatic Hospital at Worcester, there to be
STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL . U
kept till, in the opinion of the superintendent and trustees thereof, he
may be recommitted to the state prison consistent with health. And
said superintendent, when so satisfied as aforesaid, shall certify the
fact of such restoration upon the warrant aforesaid, and give notice
thereof to the warden, who shall thereupon cause the convict to be re-
conveyed to the state prison, there to suffer the residue of his sentence
pursuant to his original commitment.
Sect, 3. The physician of the state prison, who shall also be
chairman, together with the superintendents, for the time being, of the
State Lunatic Hospital, and of the McLean Asylum at Somerville,
shall constitute the commission for the examination of convicts in the
state prison, aforesaid, alleged to be insane ; and each of said com-
missioners shall receive, for his services in such capacity, three dollars
per day for each and every day he may be so employed, and be re-
munerated for all his travelling expenses, the same to be an expense ,
chargeable to the prison.
Sect. 4. This act shall take effect from and after its passage.
Resolve of 1844, Chapter 78.
PRICE OF BOARD.
Resolved, That the price to be charged for the board of patients at
the State Lunatic Hospital, who are not state paupers, shall in all
cases be fixed by the trustees of said hospital, provided that the charge
for town paupers shall not exceed the estimated average cost of sup-
porting patients in said hospital. All provisions of law now existing,
inconsistent with the provisions of these resolves, are hereby repealed.
Resolve of 1844.
ACCOUNTS OF LUNATIC STATE PAUPERS.
Resolved, That accounts for the support of lunatic state paupers,
supported at the State Lunatic Hospital, be kept by the treasurer of
said Hospital, and that the same as they accrue, from December first,
in one year, to November thirtieth, in the following year, inclusive, be
annually presented as other accounts for state paupers are now pre-
sented for allowance and payment.*
Resolve of 1845.
Resolved, That, in making up the account for the support of lunatic
state paupers at the State Lunatic Hospital, as required by the re-
solves concerning the State Lunatic Hospital, passed March thirteenth,
in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty-four, the treasurer
of said hospital shall charge for each state pauper, so supported, the
sum of two dollars and fifty cents per week for a term not exceeding
thirteen weeks, and two dollars and twenty-five cents per week for a
* Resolve of 1351, ch, 33, to be allowed, although not presented within time prescribed.
12 STATE LUNATIC HOSPITAL.
term of more than thirteen weeks and not exceeding twenty-six
weeks, and two dollars per week for a term more than twenty-six
weeks and less than one year, and for one year the sum of one hun-
dred dollars, anything in said resolves to the contrary notwithstanding.
Resolve of 1845.
ALLOWANCE FOR SUPPORT OF STATE LUNATIC PAUPERS.
Resolved., That the sum to be allowed to any county, city or town,
in this Commonwealth, for the support of any state lunatic pauper,
shall in no case exceed two dollars and fifty cents per week for a term
less than thirteen weeks ; two dollars and twenty-five cents per week
for any term exceeding thirteen weeks and less than twenty-six weeks ;
two dollars per week for any term exceeding twenty-six weeks and
less than one year ; or be more than at the rate of one hundred dollars
per year for any term of one year or upwards ; and shall, in no case,
exceed the amount actually paid out and expended by the county, city
or town, claiming compensation for the support of each of said state
lunatic paupers respectively.
Resolve of 1845.
Resolved, That the trustees aforesaid be and they are hereby au-
thorized to expend, annually, from the funds aforesaid, a sum not ex-
ceeding five hundred dollars, for the purchase of land or other prop-
erty, or for permanent repairs and improvements, which, in their
jtidgment, will promote the interests of said hospital.
Act of 1850.
ALLOWING FEES TO JUDGE OF PROBATE.
Sect. 1. There shall be allowed to each judge of probate, for
receiving, hearing and determining every application or complaint
made to him, for the commitment of a lunatic to the State Lunatic
Hospital, a fee of two dollars, to be paid out of the treasury of the
county of which he is judge ; and the judges of probate shall present
their accounts, for all such fees, to the county commissioners, for their
respective counties, as often as once in each year, and such commis-
sioners shall audit and allow the same if found to be correct, where-
upon the same shall be paid by the treasurer of the respective coun-
ties.
Sect. 2. There shall be allowed to the judges of probate for the
county of Worcester, for receiving, hearing and determining an appli-
cation for the discharge of any lunatic from the State Lunatic Hos-
pital, under the provisions of the one hundred and forty-ninth chapter
of the statutes of the year eighteen hundred and thirty-nine, a fee of
two dollars, to be paid by the town or person making such application.
|^Pr2 5'39W.P,A.
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