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THIRD ANNUAL REPORT
WATER COMMISSIONER
YEAK ENDING JANUARY 31, 1898.
IPrinteb for % §z$mtmtxit.
BOSTON:
MUNICIPAL PEINTING OFFICE.
1898.
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Office of the Water Commissioner,
City Hall, Boston, February 1, 1898.
Hon. Josiah Qutncy, Mayor :
Sir : I submit a report of the doings of the Water De-
partment for the year ending January 31, 1898.
The net income of the department shows an increase over
last year, and the net debt a marked decrease.
In addition to the general detail work of the department
28.2 miles of main pipe have been laid, seven miles of which
were relaid.
The many improvements in progress in the city, such as
the South Union Station, Subway, Stony brook improvement
and grade crossings, have made the department work of a very
difficult nature. The taking of a portion of the yard of our
Distribution Division has so curtailed our storage capacity as
to increase the difficulties and the cost of handling our pipe.
This together with the ever-increasing necessity of doing
work on Sundays and at night, in order that the public may
be least inconvenienced in the crowded portions of the city,
is each year adding to the cost of our work, especially in the
city proper.
The original pipes, laid fifty years ago, when the Cochit-
uate system was introduced into Boston, are not in some
localities large enough to give the proper supply of water,
and in others have deteriorated in strength to such an extent
as to necessitate their being taken up and new pipes of a
larger diameter laid in their places. The department has
had a great deal of this work for the last two years, and will
have more in the future. This means heavy expenditures
and increased cost in maintenance.
In the outlying sections of the city the number of build-
ings erected has been phenomenal, necessitating the laying of
a large number of new mains and service pipes.
The amount of work done by the department is very much
in excess of that accomplished in previous years, and it is
absolutely necessary that the wharf facilities of the Distri-
bution Division for storing of pipe, etc., be increased at
2 City Document No. 37.
once, in order that the main pipe, stock, etc., can be handled
quickly and economically.
The practice of setting service pipes for vacant lands on
streets laid out under chapter 323, Acts of 1891, which has
heretofore been followed, presents many objectionable feat-
ures. One of the most serious is the opportunity afforded
for waste of water. Some of the services get broken by the
settlement of the street, by the road-roller in construction,
by electrolysis, etc. Under these conditions, as the pipe is
under pressure from the main to the sidewalk, leaks occur
which are often not apparent on the surface. In a few years,
as the number of services which are not connected to build-
ings are liable to increase, the number of leaks of this kind
must be large and serious. Another objection is the fact
that neither the size of the service nor its proper location can
be accurately determined in advance. In many cases no lot-
ting of the land has been made, and if made the land may
change ownership, involving oftentimes a complete relay-
ing. Under the present methods, in order to provide for every
possible service, it has resulted, and will result, in the loca-
tion of many pipes which will never be used, and which
eventually must be a means of waste. It is my intention to
change the policy of the department in reference to these
service pipes, so as to prevent the faults of the present
method of laying them.
The work of extending the salt-water mains for the Fire
Department is progressing very satisfactorily.
In the nigh future it is possible to somewhat curtail the
expenses of the department by shutting down some of the
smaller pumping-stations. This will be made possible by
the completion of the laying of large mains upon which the
department is at work at the present time.
The organization of the department has been practically
completed. The method of keeping the general accounts,
reporting on the work, etc., applied last year to Districts 1, 2
and 3, are in use hi District 4 and the Meter Division. The
lack of any correct accounts in the Meter Division has made
this change a very difficult one. With the coming year, I am
of the opinion that the method of keeping the accounts in all
Water Department. 3
the divisions will be more than satisfactory. The report of
the expert accountant engaged to examine our accounts is to
the effect that the books and accounts are kept correctly.
The Meter Division has been transferred from what was
formerly known as the Eastern Division to the Income Di-
vision. By this change all matters pertaining to income are
part of the Income Division, and all matters pertaining to
supply remain with the Distribution Division (formerly
Eastern Division).
On January 1, 1898, the Metropolitan Water Board made
a taking of the sources of supply of our department outside
the limits of Boston. The taking includes all the property
of the department (including basins, aqueducts, mains, etc.)
outside the territorial limits of Boston, except the Fisher Hill
Reservoir, the old Brookline Reservoir, their connections, and
some mains in the immediate vicinity of Boston, but not
within her limits. The division of the department for-
merly known as the Eastern is now known as the Distribu-
tion Division. The Western Division has been done away
with. Boston no longer supplies Somerville, Chelsea and
Everett with water. The receipts from income during
January were somewhat less, because of our ceasing to sup-
ply these cities ; and for the same reason during the coming
year the receipts will be materially less than for the year just
ended.
The purity of the water has been maintained by constant
inspection and attention. The work of the Deacon meter
service in the detection of waste has been conscientiously
carried on ; but Boston is meeting the same difficulty that is
met with in other cities, viz., an increased consumption
brought about partially by waste, but in part by the increased
demands made by the modern methods of living.
The department has paid particular attention to electrolysis,
and under the head of the City Engineer's report will be
found the facts in detail.
The demands for new work during the coming year will,
of necessity, be larger than during the past. With your ap-
proval the practice inaugurated in previous years of paying
for work under chapter 177, Acts of 1872, has been aban-
4 City Document No. 37.
doned, and all expenditures of the department will be paid for
out of the regular appropriation. In addition to the exten-
sion of mains and the relaying of old pipe, it will be neces-
sary this year to lay a 1 2-inch main from Neponset, through
Quincy, to Moon Island, in order to properly supply Long
Island and the various islands and fortifications in the harbor
with water. The present 6-inch pipe is totally inadequate.
It will also be necessary to lay an additional pipe under Shirley
Gut to Deer Island, and an additional pipe across Chelsea
creek to East Boston, as one of the mains has become so
weakened by age as to become totally useless.
The receipts and disbursements of the department for the
year were as follows :
Total receipts of the Water Works, from all sources, for
the year ending January 31, 1898 :
Income from sales of water . . $2,590,496 89
Income from shutting off and letting
on water and fees .... 6,051 72
Elevator, fire and service pipes, sale of
old materials, etc 60,328 61
Total receipts . . . . $2,656,877 22
Less refunded water-rates . . . 1,892 18
Net receipts .... $2,654,985 04
Total expenditures of the Water Works, from revenue, for
the year ending January 31, 1898 :
♦Current expenses $623,476 5 J
Interest on funded debt 887,638 02
Sinking-fund requirement, 1896-97 193,395 00
t Extension of mains, etc 281,782 32
Amount paid Chelsea, Somerville and Everett, under
contracts 180,222 94
Damages 4,910 75
Balance to general revenue account of city . . . 483,559 50
$2,654,985 04
COST OF CONSTRUCTION, AND CONDITION OF THE
WATER DEBT.
Cost of construction of Water Works to February 1,
!897 $26,414,817 32
Cost of construction of Water Works to February 1,
1898 26,831,753 14
Increase during the year $416,935 82
Stock on hand February 1, 1897 $99,885 22
Stock on hand February 1, 1898 .... . 152,665 07
Increase during the year $52,779 85
* Details on page 12. j Details on page 13.
Water Department.
The outstanding Water Loans February 1, 1897 were . $18,261,273 98
The outstanding Water Loans February 1, 1898 were . 17,911,273 98
Decrease during the year $350,000 00
The Water Sinking-Fund February 1, 1897 was . . $8,70.4,387 99
The Water Sinking-Fund February 1, 1898 was . . 9,852,760 01
Increase during the year $148,372 02
Net Water Debt February 1, 1897 $8,556,885 99
Net Water Debt February 1, 1898 8,058,513 97
Decrease during the year $498,372 02
SUMMARY OF COST OF WORKS TO FEBRUARY 1, 1898.
Cochituate supply
Lake Cochituate .
$291,838 35
Compensating reservoirs
66,859
80
Land and water damages
248,827
34
Engineering expenses to Jan-
uary 1, 1852 .
40,000
00
Cochituate aqueduct
1,068,425
24
4fcl 71 5 q^o 73
qPX)iXUy\fO\J iO
Sudbury supply :
Reservoir No. 1 .
$257,143 81
" " 2 .
465,954
11
" " 3 .
419,402
72
" " 4 .
813,846
38
" " 5, to date
1,114,752
43
" " 6 .
911,752
33
Whitehall pond .
330,975
46
Cedar swamp
33,599
21
Work about Farm pond
17,297
94
Roadway in Framingham
23,947
32
Land damages, not otherwise
specified .
348,346
38
Water damages .
559,190
64
Temporary connection with
Lake Cochituate
75,611
73
Investigations of Shawshine
and Charles rivers, etc.
27,646
59
Protection of supplies .
363,883
32
Engineering and engineering
expenses ....
300,371
22
Office expenses, travelling,
etc. .....
80,594
74
Miscellaneous
40,388
76
Conduit and connections at
Chestnut-Hill Reservoir
3,082,661
95
o 9fi7 q«7 04.
«7 , — U i , c> U I V/tc
Carried forward,
$10,983,317 77
6
Gity Document No. 37.
Brought forward,
Distributing reservoirs and dis-
tribution: .
Brookline Reservoir
Beacon-Hill " (net cost)
Chestnut-Hill"
South Boston "
East " "
Parker-Hill "
Fisher-Hill "
Roxbury high service
Brighton " "
East Boston high service
West Roxbury high service
Chestnut-Hill pumping-station
Jamaica-pond aqueduct
Pipe-yards and buildings
Engineering expenses .
Distribution
), 983, 317 77
$200,077 21
363,533 21
2,277,042 93
90,908 10
66,103 09
205,793 81
191,135 35
103,829 53
7,745 00
30,208 12
22,346 56
525,195 46
88,417 20
94,832 16
57,873 58
10,871,844 18
15,196,885 49
Total cost of Sudbury and Cochituate Works, $26,180,203 26
Cost of Mystic Works to February 1, 1898 :
Land damages
Dam . . . <
Grubbing at lake .
Lowering Mystic
river .
Conduit .
Engine-house . . ;
Engines
!7,167 26
9,393 26
3,012 06
$83,388 75
213,834 72
Reservoir ....
Distribution ....
Buildings ....
Engineering, inspection and sal-
aries .....
Mystic- valley sewer .
Miscellaneous . .
Total cost of Mystic Works,
,211 63
29,572 58
129,714 30
297,223 47
141,856 26
874,863 58
18,603 05
53,216 27
83,608 70
24,446 88
,806,316 72
Total cost of combined supplies . . |2 7, 986, 519 98
Credit by amount received from the State
on account of taking (January 4, 1896) . 1,154,766 84
526,831,753 14
Water Department.
The outstanding Water Loans on this date, February 1,
1898, are as follows :
Loans
Date of
Maturity.
Amount.
6 per cent.
Currency,
Dm
> June, 1898 .
$450,000 00
6 '
t u
it
"
Oct., 1898 .
540,000 00
6 '
t it
ii
tt
April, 1899 .
250,000 00
6 '
t u
ii
it
Jan., 1901 .
625,000 00
6 '
I ((
1 1
tt
April, 1901 .
688,000 00
6 '
I ((
it
ii
July, 1901 .
330,000 00
6 '
C ((
tt
ti
July, 1902 .
100,000 00
5 '
I (<
Sterling Loan
(£399,500)
it
Oct., 1902 .
1,947,273 98
6 '
( I 1
Currency,
ti
April, 1903 .
905,000 00
6 '
( 14
it
1 1
Jan., 1904 .
8,000 00
6 '
t a
tt
tt
April, 1904 .
, 38,000 00
6 '
( l 4
tt
ti
Jan., 1905 .
161,000 00
6
( it
ii
it
April, 1905 .
142,700 00
6 '
t ((
it
ti
July, 1905 .
44,000 00
6 '
t tt
ii
1 1
Oct., 1905 .
6,000 00
5 «
1 It
Gold Loan,
it
Oct., 1905 .
1,000,000 00
6 '
t tt
Currency,
ii
Jan., 1906 .
82,550 00
6 '
t tt
ti
tt
April, 1906 .
8,750 00
5
t tt
Gold Loan,
tt
April, 1906 .
552,000 00
5 '
t It
tt
it
Oct., 1906 .
2,000,000 00
6 '
t tt
Currency,
it
Oct., 1906 .
4,000 00
6
t tt
tt
ii
Jan., 1907 .
8,000 00
6 '
( II
it
it
April, 1907 .
5,000 00
6
t (t
ii
ii
July, 1907 .
1,000 00
5 '
t II
Currency Loan
,"
Oct., 1907 .
1,000 00
5 '
I It
it tt
it
April, 1908 .
12,000 00
4 «
I II
ti
ii
April, 1908 .
588,000 00
4 '
i It
Loan,
it
July, 1909 .
82,000 00
4* '
I (I
ii
Oct., 1909 .
268,000 00
4 «
1 11
ti
April, 1910 .
280,000 00
4 '
I II
it
April, 1912 .
324,000 00
4 '
I II
it
July, 1913 .
111,000 00
4 '
t <l
ii
Oct., 1913 .
336,000 00
4 '
I II
it
Jan., 1914 .
466,000 00
4 '
t 11
it
April, 1914 .
18,500 00
4 '
1 II
it
Oct., 1914 .
16,000 00
4 '
t 11
ii
Jan., 1915 .
50,000 00
H l
I It
ii
April, 1915 .
50,000 00
4 l
I It
it
April, 1915 .
145,700 00
8* '
1 It
it
Oct., 1915 .
50,000 00
4
3i '
t tt
I tt
ii
ii
Oct., 1915 .
Jan., 1916 .
23,000 00
100,000 00
4 '
t 11
1 1
Jan., 1916 .
58,000 00
4 '
t It
ii
April, 1916 .
128,500 00
U «
1 It
tt
July, 1916 .
75,000 00
8* '
t tt
it
Oct., 1916 .
25,000 00
4 '
1 II
1 1
Oct., 1916 .
286,300 00
4
t It
it
Jan., 1917 .
21,000 00
3 '
t 11
ii
April, 1917 .
200,000 00
81 '
1 It
tt
April, 1917 .
275,000 00
4 '
I It
it
April, 1917 .
161,000 00
4 '
1 It
tt
July, 1917 .
7,000 00
4 «
t It
tt
Oct., 1917 .
160,700 00
4 '
I It
it
Jan., 1918 .
20,000 00
4
I It
it
April, 1918 .
6,300 00
(
larried foi
toard,
$14,241,273 98
City Document No. 37.
Loans.
Date of
Maturity.
Amount.
Brought forward, $14,241,273 98
Si per cent. Loan, Due July, 1918 . . . 100,000 00
4 '
4 '
' Oct., 1918 .
' April, 1919 .
100,000 00
200,000 00
H '
' Oct., 1919 .
145,000 00
4 l
' Oct., 1919 .
300,000 00
H- '
" Nov., 1919 .
130,000 00
3* '
" Jan., 1920 .
220,000 00
4 '
' Oct., 1920 .
384,000 00
4 '
4 '
' April, 1921 .
' Oct., 1921 .
100,000 00
162,500 00
4 '
" Jan., 1922 .
100,000 00
4 '
' April, 1922 .
75,000 00
4 '
' Oct., 1922 .
283,000 00
4 «
" Oct., 1923 .
576,275 00
4 '
' Oct., 1924 .
644,225 00
3J l
4 " Oct., 1927 .
150,000 00
Summary.
. $17,911,273 98
3 per cent. Loans $200,000 00
U '
I u
1,320,000 00
4 «
I (I
6,214,000 00
H «
I u
268,000 00
s «
' Currency Loans .
13,000 00
5 «
' Gold "...
3,552,000 00
5 '
' Sterling "
1,947,273 98
6 '
' Loans
4,397,000 00
1
^tal
. $17,911,273 98
Water Department.
Cochituate Water Debt, Gross and Net,
At the Close of Each Fiscal Year.
Fiscal Year.
Gross Debt.
Sinking-Funds.
Net Debt.
1847-48
1848-49
1849-50
1850-51
1851-52
1852-53
1853-54
1854-55
1855-56
1856-57
1857-58
1858-59
1859-60
1860-61
1861-62
1862-63
1863-64
1864-65
1865-66
1866-67
1867-68
1868-69
1869-70
1870-71
1871-72
1872-73
1873-74
1874-75
1875-76
1876-77
1877-78
1878-79
1879-80
1880-81
1881-82
1882-83
1883-84
1884-85
1885-86
1886-87
1887-88
1888-89
1889-90
1890-91
1891-92
1892-93
1893-94
1894-95
1895-96
1896-97
1897-98
$2,129,056
3,787,328
4,463,205
4,955.613
5,209,223
5,972,976
5,432,261
5,403,961
5,230,961
5,031,961
4,724,961
4,754,461
3,846,211
3,455,211
3,012,711
2,992,711
2,992,711
2,942,711
3,152,711
3,370,711
3,867,711
5,107,711
5,731,711
6,482,711
6,812,711
6,912,711
7,863,711
8,123,711
9,735,711
11,548,711
11,545,273
11,753,273
11,697,273
11,631,273
11,631,273
11,955,273
12,882,273
13,045,473
13,491,473
14,142,273
14,741,273
14,941,273
15,696,273
16,267,773
16,423,773
16,758,773
17,055,273
17,761,273
18,261,273
18,261,273
17,911,273
32 1
98
56
51
26
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
98
$1,100,000 00
1,185,049 67
1,268,234 97
1,372,953 62
1,533,890 28
1,560,917 83
1,709,492 60
2,043,764 73
2,143,847 85
1,771,692 92
1,989,300 88
2,281,857 89
2,607-768 46
2,746,505 58
3,106,323 82
3,385,201 26
3,947,616 92
4,373,304 09
4,864,092 54
5,440,819 47
5,979,297 80
6,471,545 34
7,019,058 38
7,649,504 87
8,444,773 55
9,099,966 39
9,704,387 99
9,852,760 01
$2,129,056 32
3,787,328 98
4,463.205 56
4,955,613 51
5,209,223 26
5,972,976 11
5,432,261 11
5,403,961 11
5,230,961 11
5,031,961 11
4,724,961 11
4,754,461 11
3,846,211 11
3,455,211 11
3,012,711 11
2,992,711 11
2,992,711 11
2,942,711 11
3,152,711 11
3,370,711 11
3,867,711 11
5,107,711 11
5,731,711 11
5,382,711 11
5,627,661 44
5,644,476 14
6,490,757 49
6,589,820 83
8,174,793 28
9,839,218 51
9,501.509 25
9,609,426 13
9,925,581 06
9,641,973 10
9,349,416 09
9,347,505 52
10,135,768 40
9,939,150 16
10,106,272 72
10,194,657 06
10 367,969 89
10,077,181 44
10,255,454 51
10,288,476 18
9,952,228 64
9,739,715 60
9,405,769 11
9,316,500 43
9,161,307 59
8,556,885 99
8,058,513 97
1 .No account taken of amounts borrowed temporarily from 1S46 to 1852 and after-
wards funded by the issue of the water bonds that figure in this statement.
10
City Document No. 37.
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City Document No. 37.
DETAILED EXPENDITURES UNDER THE SEVERAL
APPROPRIATIONS .
February Draft, 1897, to February Draft, 1898.
Water Department {from Revenue).
Salaries :
Commissioner .... $5,000 00
Assistant Commissioner . . 3,000 00
Secretary .... 3,000 00
Employees .... 455,621 56
Fuel
Machinery, tools, hardware, iron, steel and
other materials for repairs and furnishing
Altering and repairing reservoirs, buildings and
streets .......
Horses, purchase of . . . .$1,135 00
Feed and board .... 5,704 94
Shoeing and veterinary services, . 3,120 66
Wagons, sleigh and repairs of
vehicles ..... 3,994 65
Harnesses and repairs . . . 1,311 24
Transportation of employees
Castings .....
Alterations of Albany-street stable
Meters and repairs .
Printing .
Taxes
Cartage and freights
Lead and lead pipe ,
Telephone service
Stationery
Examination of property to be taken by the
State, and report on same
Grounds, care, seeds, trees and tools
Four meter books
Oils
Expert services
Salt
Rents
Widow of Charles L. Bancroft, balance of sal-
ary for 1896 (order of City Council, April 13,
1897) . . . . " .
Insulating water-pipes . . . . .
Board of injured man .
Carried forward . . . . .
$466,621 56
25,309 38
23,698 10
17,980 48
15,266 49
11,388 14
11,325 05
10,746 54
9,628 16
5,259 51
3,231 11
3,039 08
2,759 85
2,408 86
2,161 31
2.000 00
1,538 73
1,500 00
1,444 77
1,356 87
1,180 71
1.001 00
821 33
800 00
782 17
$623,249 20
"Water Department.
13
^Brought forward ....
Compiling and indexing statutes relating to Bos
ton water supply .
Insurance on boilers
Inspector of castings at foundry-
Gas ....
Advertising
Furniture
Salt hay ....
Examination of accounts .
Analyses of water .
Water-proof clothing
Blasting trenches
Electric lighting
Typewriting and small items
Less amount transferred to additional supply of
water ........
'3,249
20
700
00
650
00
644
60
519
81
496
84
491
51
400
04
350
00
325
00
234
85
93
15
• 36
26
13
26
,204 52
4,728 01
Refunded water-rates .....
Sinking-Fund payment .....
Interest on loans (including exchange on Lon-
don where part of interest is payable) .
Proportion of water-rates paid under con-
tract ........
Damages ........
$623,476 51
1,892 18
193,395 00
887,638 02
180,222 94
4,910 75
,891,535 40
From the above amount~$623, 476.51 should be deducted $1 1,-
801.25 expended for work for outside corporations, etc., during
the year, leaving the amount of $611,675.26 as the actual cur=
rent expenses of the Water Department.
Extension of Mains, etc
Labor .....
Castings, pipes, stop-cocks, gates
frames
Lead and lead pipe .
Blasting trenches
Tools, hardware and supplies
Travelling expenses .
Repairs ....
Teaming and freights
Lumber ....
Inspector of castings at foundry
Carried forward
and
(from revenue).
d hydranl
$139,542 54
117,322 65
16,244 34
11,252 28
8,446 92
8,260 15
7,535 04
6,431 76
4,018 73
1,432 82
.
$320,487 23
14 City Document No. 37.
Brought forward ....
Oil .
Fuel
Less transferred to additional supply of water,
$320,487 23
334 87
214 16
$321,036 26
39,253 94
$281,782 32
From this amount should be deducted the sum of $1,499.48
expanded for work for outside corporations, etc., during the
year, leaving the amount of $280,282.84 as the actual expendi-
ture for Extension of Mains.
Additional Supply of
General :
Land . . • • •
Engineering ....
Expert services
Examinations of titles and small
items .....
Damage for flowing land
Indian brook:
Labor .....
Teaming ....
Tools, hardware and supplies .
Lumber and carpentry
Right of way through private
land .....
Board of men ....
Engineering expenses
Whitehall pond:
Labor .
Pile- driving
Lumber and carpentry
Teaming
Alteration of coffer-dam .
Town of Hopkinton, building
fence and grading
Masonry
Tools, hardware and supplies
Engineering expenses
Board of men .
Basin and Dam VI.
Carried forward
Water (from Loans).
$30,589 82
1,735 38
1,701 36
258 28
135 18
$7,303 77
438 25
235 94
215 25
100 00
66 70
29 99
$1,345 08
2,019 35
1,819 92
1,011 31
552 50
405 80
344 00
301 35
198 44
60 00
$34,420 02
8,389 90
5,057 55
76 33
),943 80
Wat]
lk D
EPARTMENT.
15
Brought forward
. .
.
$50,943
80
New mains, etc.:
Labor ....
168,404
58
Castings
48,922
36
Lead and lead pipe .
7,422
88
Teaming and freights
3,941
86
Laying new mains .
2,941
26
Blasting trenches
1,352
67
Lumber ....
945
00
Covering submerged pipe
500
00
Paving and repairs .
451
52
Masonry
410
01
Filling ....
355
07
Tools, hardware and supplies
249
85
$135,897
06
Transferred from-water- works
, 4,728
01
Transferred from extension o:
mains, etc.
39,253
94
179,879
01
$230,822
81
Recapitulation .
Water Department . . $1,891,535 40
Extension of mains, etc. . . 281,782 32
Additional supply of water . 230,822 81
1,404,140 53
16
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26 City Document No. 37.
In the appendices annexed hereto are submitted the reports
of the City Engineer and the superintendents of the depart-
ment. They furnish full details of the present condition of
the works and what has been accomplished.
Respectfully,
John R. Murphy,
Water Commissioner.
Water Department.
27
APPENDIX A.
REPORT OF THE INCOME DIVISION.
Office of General Superintendent, Income Division,
City Hall, Boston, February 1, 1898.
Hon. John R. Murphy,
Water Commissioner :
Sir : Herewith please find report of the Income Division,
Water Department, for the calendar year ending December
31, 1897, it being impracticable to render report of this divi-
sion for the financial year; also tables covering the work of
the Meter Service branch of the Income Division for the
financial year ending January 31, 1898. -
INDEX TO TABLES.
Table.
Water takers, number of .... I.
Annual rates, purposes for which water was taken
by II.
Annual rates, amounts assessed by III.
Meter rates, purposes for which water was taken
by IV.
Meter rates, amounts assessed by ... . V.
" " quantities taken by . . . . VI.
Abatements, number and amounts . . . VII.
Pipes, new elevator, motor, fire and service . . VIII.
Water turned off and on .... . IX.
Receipts for turning off and on water for repairs . X.
Fixtures in use January 31, 1898 . . . XL
Waste detection ....... XII.
Elevator, motor and fire-pipe service . . . XIII.
Meters, January 31, 1898, statement of . . XIV.
January 31, 1898, distribution of . . XV.
general statement of work performed on . XVI.
condemned ...... XVII.
applied XVIII.
discontinued . . . ... . XIX.
purchased ...... XX.
28
City Document No. 37.
Meters, repaired at factory .
" in service .
changed ....
in service January 31, 1898
at factory January 31, 1898
at department shop January 31, 1898
Table.
XXI.
XXII.
XXIII.
XXIV.
XXV.
XXVI.
Table I.
COCHIT-
UATE.
Mystic.
Boston, ex-
cluding
CharJestown.
a
is
o
co
<o
Th
c3
A
O
CD
02
CD
A
O
'>
n
CD
a
o
w
>
co
O
H
Number of takers by
90,434
4,173
6,802
208
6,964
94
14,552
140
5,561
36
124,313
4,651
Number of takers by
Number of takers
94,607
7,010
7,058
14,692
5,597
128,964
Table II.
Showing the purposes for which water was taken by Annual Bates, and the
districts where taken.
Cochit-
UATE.
Mystic.
Purposes for which
"Water was taken by
Annual Rates.
Boston, ex-
cluding
Cliarlestown.
o
+^>
co
<o
u
OS
A
O
cd
CO
CD
A
O
6
u
CD
a
o
m
+^
CD
H '
CD
>
CO
'o3
O
H
3
23
1
26
4
258
5
1,675
11
215
99
14
6
327
5
26
12
24
41
1
13
19
303
1
25
17
179
7
8
2,224,
13
272
Clubs
167
2,263
88
101
360
200
3,012
Water Department.
Table II. — Concluded.
29
Cochit-
UATE.
Mystic.
Purposes for which
Water was taken by
Annual Rates.
Boston ex-
cluding
Charlestown.
a
o
03
®
H
cS
-a
P
93
O
®
u
B
o
>
o5
o
H
2,263
38
1
49,102
10
2
6,824
16
40
1
1
24
5
1
70
4
139
9,022
60
3
463
10
23
8,155
1
12
2
1,444
28
7
8
4
24
345
491
120
2
2,705
29
3,613
156
7
7
5,107
5
1
11
7
3
18
88
2
101
1
360
6
200
4
3,012
51
1
Fire Department :
4,660
4,929
9,015
3,697
71,403
10
2
Hydrants and reser-
289
94
149
53
7,409
16
5
6
6
2
59
1
Filling tank (special).. . .
1
4
12
4
10
4
46
17
1
2
13
7
92
4
Halls
11
252
10
618
2
9
2,764
1
8
774
177
13,430
63
3
35
1
7
441
30
1
30
227
45
1
15
435
17
2
9
108
590
Libraries and museums.
Manufactories
15
84
9,366
1
Motors
1
2
2
1
18
2
43
2
1
1
52
2
1
1
29
2
18
1
1
1
1 586
35
10
11
4
Restaurants and lunches
13
52
5
167
3
8
1
9
1
7
29
382
543
9
1
105
9
1
126
4
33
147
4
3,136
29
323
21
377
12
1220
9
484
5
6,017
203
7
1
313
119
8
365
335
6,239
5
1
11
7
3
1
1
1
1
22
Totals
90,434
6,802
6,964
14,552
5,561
124,313
30
City Document No. 37.
Table HI.
Showing the amounts assessed for water taken by Annual Bates, the purposes
for which and the places where taken.
COCHIT-
UATE.
Mystic.
Style of
Premises.
a
CD UO
rS on
co ■ — ' c3
o oa
M O
S5
o
CO
CD
u
c3
A
o
c3
<D
CO
<X>
A
O
CD
H
CD
a
o
02
CD
U
CD
>
to
o
H
$56 50
296 00
$12 00
348 00
$68 50
4,285 44
206 00
$3,363 44
206 00
15,840 16
94 17
2,591 00
1,754 67
746 63
25 00
720,369 55
150 00
30 00
102,360 00
240 00
1,000 00
15 00
- 156 00
464 67
47 50
15 00
1,176 00
546 50
1,992 92
45,110 00
4,445 00
377 00
8,461 95
172 00
455 24
177,090 76
10 00
655 40
225 00
14,347 46
547 50
130 00
$187 00
$91 00
Building pur-
176 62
199 83
10 00
160 50
231 25
19 50
1,416 75
5 00
243 67
268 00
87 00
621 59
18,254 95
109 17
Clubs
139 00
270 00
29 50
90 00
97 50
98 00
3,224 17
2,621 42
980 63
25 00
Dwel'g-houses,
Fire Depart-
ment:
Chemical-
engines
Combination
wagons
Hydrants
and reser-
Ladder com-
Steamfire-en-
Water tow-
62,263 79
64,112 28
119,140 09
44,277 33
1,010,163 04
150 00
30 00
4,335 00
2,670 00
4,172 00
1,484 00
115,021 00
240 00
115 00
140 00
140 00
50 00
1,445 00
15 00
Filling tank
(special)
156 00
40 00
83 33
30 00
74 00
28 75
637 42
130 83
15 00
24 00
103 00
64 00
1,367 00
Gymnasiums...
Halls
546 50
135 00
1,260 00
180 00
3,090 00
33 00
93 50
13,820 00
170 00
88 50
3,870 00
2,489 92
Hotels.
67,150 00
4,648 00
377 00
Libraries and
museums ....
Manufactories .
Model houses. .
665 83
10 00
147 62
8,219 61
555 67
12 00
359 17
4,952 74
747 20
26 00
212 42
9,142 82
304 09
36 00
68 50
2,327 51
10,734 74
256 00
1,242 95
201,733 44
10 00
Motors
20 00
155 00
10 00
5 00
845 40
225 00
441 00
39 50
13 00
518 00
35 00
17 00
275 25
43 00
147 33
12 00
20 00
15,729 04
Photograph
677 00
180 00
Carried forw'd,
$1,105,211 52
$78,756 30
$77,864 94
$150,376 70
$53,781 10
$1,465,990 56
Water Department.
Table III. — Concluded.
31
COCHIT-
UATE.
Mystic.
Style oe
Premises.
CD h£©
-g-g
O c ^3
o
CD
u
cS
o
cS
CD
00
CD
A
O
CD
'>
U
CD
a
o
m
+5
CD
CD
03
O
E-i
Brought forw'd,
Public build-
$1,105,211 52
532 00
7,200 00
1,044 46
6,125 85
18,294 23
1,734 67
$78,756 30
44 50
$77,864 94
39 00
$150,376 70
$53,781 10
32 50
$1,465,990 56
648 00
Public Institu-
7,200 00
1,909 41
6,694 27
20.410 73
Puddling
231 63
120 00
303 32 330 00
1
133 34 | 94 00
R estaur ants
and lunches.
221 08
2,116 50
80 33
Schools
Sewers (build-
179 67
146 25 55 17
2,196 09
Sewers (flush-
502 25
24,625 78
1,148 32
25,390 13
4,412 09
155 22
153 34
59,354 68
224 04
4,481 14
345 00
70 00
100 00
46,710 40
100 00
842 59
40 00
864 20
642 25
1,140 40
236 25
27,709 22
Stables
Steam-engines.
1,148 32
38,795 23
4,990 83
155 22
2,868 45
324 58
1,791 35
160 00
6;774 99 1,970 31
61 16 33 00
98 31
2.874 32
251 65
3,173 37
2,964 01
952 24
69,318 62
224 04
Theatres (spe-
I
Town of Re-
1
4,481 14
345 00
Urinals (pub-
lic)
70 00
Washing carts,
Watering sts.. .
100 00
50 00
1,507 20
4,731 28
647 68
53,646 56
Totals
$1,307,815 12
$88,775 51
$85,800 39
$166,403 87
$58,132 25
$1,706,927 14
32
City Document No. 37.
Table IV.
Showing the purposes for whichwater was taken by Meter, and the districts
where taken.
Cochit-
UATE.
Mystic.
Purposes for which
"Water was taken
by Meter.
Boston, ex-
cluding
Cliarlestown.
o
os
93
A
O
O
03
H
a
o
03
+5
H
en
O
H
8
5
61
44
25
3
9
24
1
4
12
508
234
20
12
13
16
21
103
35
18
6
59
875
4
1
13
5
2
2
65
2
1
1
46
26
1
1
5
2
12
24
1
1
2
9
29
1
5
35
2
7
Electrical companies
Elevators and motors . . .
15
5
25
3
7
530
330
20
2
1
15
2
1
1
15
Halls ,
2
1
6
2
2
1
3
3
3
1
2
3
1
20
27
112
42
24
6
9
20
3
23
2
3
5
4
1
76
902
Navy Yard and barracks,
Offices, stores and shops,
3
1,105
7
10
13
28
322
116
4
297
58
7
1
4
15
8
62
10
26
4
1,168
7
1
11
1
1
14
Public institutions
2
2
14
31
324
4
19
6
26
7
8
4
1
161
Slaughtering-bouses ....
10
51
13
15
5
393
Steam & Str't R.R. co.'s,
84
7
1
4
15
8
Wharves and shipping. .
6
2
2
72
Totals
4,173
208
94
140
36
4,651
Water Department.
33
Table V.
Showing the amounts assessed by Meter rates, the purposes for which and the
districts where water was taken.
Assessed by
Meter Rates.
Cochitu-
ATE.
Mystic.
.Wife
fl.So
m 3 0>
a
Bakeries
Bath-houses
Boarding-houses. . .
Bottling
Breweries
Cemeteries
Chemicals
Club-houses
Chutes
Distilleries
Electrical compa-
nies ;
Elevators and
motors
Factories
Fish-houses
Gas-works
Greenhouses
Halls
Hospitals
Hotels
Iron-works
Laundries
Markets
Mills and engines. .
Model-houses
Navy Yard and bar-
racks
Offices, stores and
shops
Oil-works
Parks
Police-stations
Public institutions.
Saloons and restau-
rants
Schools
Slaughtering-
houses
Stables
Steam and street
R.R. companies. .
Stone-works
Sugar-refineries
Tanneries
Theatres
Warehouses
"Wharves and ship-
ping
$386 00
1,044 50
3,681 90
4,216 80
38,383 30
119 40
709 50
5,675 40
729 00
866 20
22,707 30
62,434 95
57,361 20
1,916 00
15,114 10
1,126 00
2,558 35
18,963 80
59,864 50
7,961 30
7,632 10
533 00
11,495 05
78,938 25
141,810
920
1,550
2,272
17,271
32,656
16,386
2,350
19,016
98,684
1,928
21,542
600
3,029
4,913
26,558 80
$979 60
197 30
3,096 00
246 90
"i60'80
848 10
1,217 00
3,252 90
848 10
77 00
111 70
683 50
419 10
666 10
2,719 90
1,367 60
5,831 40
1,687 60
18 20
3,482' 60
65 80
1,247 70
2,506 20
28,467 80
4,176 20
$84 00
1,484 40
187 20
8,927 10
180 70
23 80
1,933 10
30 80
256 70
926 30
270 00
512 00
139 30
854 70
3,095 60
1,725 20
$15 00
$91 00
453 60
'227 20
47 10
2,097 60
.61 96
4,905 10
45 00
426 60
27 60
35 00
204 80
260 80
56 00
364 80
191 10
324 60
423 70
22 40
1,201 60
107 55
58 80
68 60
1,240 30
14,684 50
1,787 55
12,305 20
307 40
146 60
152 30
92 40
$1,449 60
1,044 50
3,787 90
4,414 10
41,479 30
166 50
3,507 60
5,675 40
729 00
1,254 20
25,039 80
63,946 11
74,872 90
1,916 00
16,142 90
1,153 60
2,694 15
21,213 40
60,808 80
8,832 00
8,746 00
533 00
15,488 25
80,999 55
5,831 40
145,318 87
920 40
1,568 50
2,331 20
20,822 60
32,722 30
19,321 20
17,034 90
24,311 90
142,704 90
1,928 00
21,542 40
600 90
3,029 40
4,913 80
32,552 60
Totals.
$795,910 07
,375 10
$20,630 90
5,406 71
1,027 05
$923,349 83
34
City Document No. 37.
Table VI.
Showing the quantities of water taken by Meter, the purposes for which and the
districts where taken.
Style of Premises
taking Water
by Meter.
Cochit-
UATE.
• a
- a +s
a^ oj
o o ™
M £
Mystic.
Bakeries
Bath-houses
Boarding-houses. . .
Bottling
Breweries
Cemeteries
Chemicals
Club-houses
Chutes
Distilleries
Electrical compa-
nies
Elevators and mo-
tors
Factories
Fish-houses
Gas-works
Greenhouses
Halls
Hospitals
Hotels
Iron-works
Laundries
Markets
Mills and engines.
Model-houses ,
Navy Yard and bar
racks
Offices, stores and
shops
Oil-works
Parks ,
Police-stations
Public institutions
Saloons and res
taurants
Schools
Slaughter'g-houses,
Stables
Steam and street
K.R. companies. .
Stone-works
Sugar-refineries . . .
Tanneries
Theatres
Warehouses
Wharves and ship-
ping
Cubicft
278,000
793,000
2,652,000
3,145,000
31,842,000
85,000
514,000
4,487,000
591,000
686,000
17,530,000
47,773,000
50,232,000
1,451,000
12,951,000
830,000
2,030,000
15,644,000
48,589,000
5,188,000
6,144,000
386,000
8,912,000
60,244,000
107,343,000
752,000
1,215,000
1,712,000
13,969,000
24,491,000
12,609,000
1,879,000
13,906,000
99,743,000
1,493,000
24,898,000
455,000
2,311,000
4,003,000
21,264,000
Cubicft.
769,000
Cubicft.
60,000
142,000
2,560,000
186,000
119,000
695,000
925,000
2,404,000
1,217,000
133,000
7,060,000
696,000
132,000
55,000
80,000
484,000
304,000
523,000
17,000
1,551,000
22,000
187,000
2,154,000
990,000
5,004,000
1,270,000
739,000
195,000
362,000
13,000
2,861,666
47,000
907,000
90,000
1,790,000
27,295,000
601,000
2,522,000
3,416,000
1,413,000
Cubicft.
7,000
358,000
170,666
32,000
3,688,000
25,000
153.000
193,000
40,000
238,000
313,000
844,000
42,000
49,000
897,000
13,947,000
1,304,000
12,740,000
66,000
Cubicft.
65,000
34,000
1,728,000
16,000
303,000
18,000
284,000
141.000
16,000
73,000
204,000
100,000
111,000
Cubicft.
1,107,000
793,000
2,724,000
3,287,000
34,402,000
119,000
2,786,000
4,487,000
591,000
975,000
19,442,000
48,879,000
63,687,000
1,451,000
13,779,000
848,000
2,127,000
17,428,000
49,266,000
5,838,000
6,995,000
386,000
12,059,000
61,742,000
5,004,000
109,892,000
752,000
1,228,000
1,754,000
16,879,000
24,538,000
14,707,000
15,826,000
17,701,000
142,411,000
1,493,000
24,898,000
455,000
2,311,000
4,003,000
26,159,000
Totals
655,020,000
55,689,000
16,301,000
35,106,000
3,093,000
765,209,000
Watee Depaktment.
35
r ^
>
to
<J>
a
s»
X)
g
c«
<u
H
^
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OB
s
5
O100
** CO
d
tH t-
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+=
+=
o
a
r-Ti-T
<
o
OH
o
7-1 CO
fc
CM r-l
CM © ©
■+3
a
CO co oo
co oo tr-
d
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<^
۩
CD
a
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o
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&
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d
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co
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§
+=
d
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go § el
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co
eft
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36
City Document No. 37.
Tables VIII., IX. and X. represent the work of the Off
and On Service, as follows :
Table VIII.
Cochit-
UATE.
Mystic.
New Elevator, Motor,
Fire and Service
Pipes.
Boston, ex-
cluding
Charlestown.
o
03
CO
T<
cS
O
c3
03
m
"3
o
CO
'>
u
03
a
o
w
4J
+i
03
U
03
>
m
"c3
O
H
21
6
49
2,420
21
1
7
49
61
73
562
227
3,343
Totals
2,496
62
73
562
227
3,420
Table IX.
COCHIT-
UATE.
Mystic.
Turning Water Off
and On.
Boston, ex-
cluding
Charlestown.
o
03
03
U
C3
O
03
03
03
5
03
'>
H
03
a
o
03
U
03
02
o
For repairs in services...
For non-payments
1,268
3,687
1,592
20
3,173
2,221
6
400
90
171
51
1,274
4,119
2,056
22
13
128
1
349
70
12
• 118
484
323
7
128
1
268
213
Turning on first time. . . .
4,445
2,878
Totals
11,961
718
561
937
617
14,794
e X.
Cochituate.
Mystic. Total
Received for turning water off and on for re-
pairs, deposited with the City Collector. .
$1,742 50
$221 00
$1,963 50
Water Department.
37
Table XI.
Showing the kind of fixtures in use January 31, 1898, their number and
the districts wherein located.
Class of Fixtures
in TTse
January 31, 1898.
COCHIT-
UATE.
Mystic.
fl
d
A *
£
CO
<£> bJOO
o
-2b
c3
+=
g-33
C3
<B
u
to
CB
£ S K
Jh
fH
c«
CO
s
CD
O Oj)
A
rd
t>
PQ O
o
O
02
H
Bath-tubs
Bowls
Foot-tubs
Sinks
Taps
Urinals, automatic
" otherwise
Wash-tubs
Water-closets
Totals
58,227
92,640
414
153,298
23,140
4,622
594
90,853
135,170
558,958
1,769
2,545
10
2,430
2,978
6
7,661
8,009
8
12,459
1,302
101
9,924
1,178
41
17,639
3,416
25
86
37
28
2,295
8,438
2,851
7,536
9,517
15,321
29,005
26,981 •
61,624
3,328
3,096
1
5,860
922
2
21
3,195
4,647
21,072
73,415
109,268
439
199,180
29,958
4,791
766
108,711
171,112
697,640
Table XII.
Waste Detection - .
Premises on which defective fixtures were found . 1,435
Premises re-examined ...... 1,448
Second notices to repair issued .... 116
Wilful waste . .... . . . . 2
The defective fixtures may be divided into the following
classes:
Ball-cocks and valves
Sink, hopper, bowl and bath faucets
Service pipes burst
Wilful waste .....
959
521
120
2
Number of returns of waste received from the Waste
and Deacon Division ...... 7,647
Second notices on above issued from Income Division
office 2,782
38
City Document No. 37.
Table XIII.
Elevator, Motor and Fire-Pipe Service, for the
Year ending December 31, 1897.
Total number of hydraulic elevators in service De-
cember 31, 1897
New elevators added to service during 1897 .
Elevators changed to steam-power .
Elevators changed to electric-power
Elevator cylinders measured and clocks compared
Elevator cylinders remeasured and clocks compared
Elevator clocks found requiring readjustment .
Elevator clocks found requiring repairs .
Elevator mechanism found requiring repacking
Total number of hydraulic motors hi service Decem-
ber 31, 1897
New motors added to service during 1897
Number of buildings equipped with fire service De
cember 31, 1897
Number of visits made to such premises .
Number of outlet valves inspected .
Number of outlet valves sealed and resealed .
Inspection of hydrants .....
Ensealing of hydrants .....
525
16
5
13
352
148
74
28
21
121
3
443
710
5,254
2,422
158
93
METER SERVICE.
The following tables represent the work of the Meter Ser-
vice branch of the Income Division for the year ending Janu-
ary 31, 1898:
Table XIV.
Statement of Meters for Year ending January
31, 1898.
Meters belonging to department, January 31, 1897 . 5,164
Purchased during year . . . . . . 160
Condemned during year .
Lost in service during year
17
7
5,324
24
Meters belonging to department, January 31, 1898 . 5,300
Water Department.
39
Table XV.
Distribution op Meters, January 31, 1898.
In service ........ 4,937
At department shop . . . . . . 274
At factory for repairs . . . . . . 89
5,300
Table XVI.
General Statement op Work Performed on Meters
during Year endfng January 31, 1898.
Applied
Discontinued
Changed
Changed location . .
Tested
Repaired at shop. . .
Repaired at factory
Repaired in service
Boxes.
98
142
Table XVII.
Meters Condemned.
Diameter in
Inches.
Totals.
2
1*
1
t
f
2
1
10
1
1
1
12
Ball & Fitts
2
1
3
Totals
1
3
11
2
17
40
City Document No. 37.
Table XVIII.
Meters Applied.
Diameter in Inches.
Totals.
6
4
3
2
n
1
1
f
11
5
3
23
14
6
2
51
34
13
3
31
21
21
18
8
81
1
116
3
2
7
1
165
47
23
8
Ball & Fitts
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
8
20
45
101
100
83
363
Table XIX.
Meters Discontinued.
Diameter in
Inches.
Totals.
4
3
2
1£
1
i
I
1
2
3
7
3
2
9
8
4
3
22
12
3
6
16
24
3
37
1
58
1
56
110
12
47
1
1
2
Ball & Fitts
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
Totals
4
4
13
24
43
83
61
232
Water Department.
41
Table XX.
Meters Purchased.
Diameter in Inches.
Totals.
6
4
3
2
1*
1
I
f
1
3
2
2
2
11
9
21
35
35
1
23
1
14
2
75
1
1
1
4
11
16
47
2
Totals
1
5
3
8
31
72
38
2
160
Table XXI.
Meters Repaired at Factory.
Diameter in inches.
Totals.
3
2
u
1
t
s
2
4
20
1
3
10
15
24
3
31
11
1
151
4
2
206
58
1
18
Ball&Fitts
1
Totals
3
25
13
42
43
157
283
42
City Document No. 37.
Table XXII.
Meters Repaired in Service.
Character of Repairs
Clock defaced
Hands loose
Pawl stuck
Spindle leaks
Hands broken
Unsatisfactory
Stoppage
Not registering
Leak at coupling
Clock detached
Spindle stuck
Spindle broken
Ratchet broken
Clock loose
Leak at body
Rust
No force
Hands stuck
Leak at stop-cock
Clock broken
Glass broken
Cap broken
Gears did not mesh
Piston stuck
Total
Totals.
81
14
1
172
83
5
2
21
36
3
7
4
3
2
6
1
2
2
2
7
70
195
2
1
722
Water Department.
43
Table XXIII.
Meters Changed.
Cause.
Totals.
Test 507
Unsatisfactory 90
Not registering ,
Frozen
Stoppage
Leak at body
Clock defaced
No force
Clock broken ,
Relocation ,
Enlargement ,
Leak at spindle
Spindle stuck
Cylinder injured
Clock out of order
Clock lost ,
Leak at coupling
Disconnected
Cap loose
Total
597
411
9
64
19
14
63
44
15
61
41
5
1
20
3
4
1
1
1,373
44
City Document No. 37.
Table XXIV.
Meters in Service January 31, 1898.
Diameter in Inches.
6
4
3
2
U
1
I
ft
Totals.
2
7
20
43
5
34
54
12
160
86
23
4
125
162
41
18
631
371
79
118
434
460
184
543
16
1,227
19
1
3
1,422
2,410
363
684
3
42
42
1
5
6
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
Total
11
73
101
274
346
1,199
1,665
1,268
4,937
Table XXV.
Meters at Factory for Repairs, January 31, 1898.
Diameter in Inches.
Totals.
3
2
li
1
1
f
8
2
1
3
58
2
13
66
17
1
1
1
5
1
1
14
60
13
89
Water Department.
45
Table XXVI.
Meters at Department Shop, January 31, 1898.
Diameter m Inches.
Totals.
6
4
3
2
H
1
I
1
3
2
1
5
2
1
3
2
2
2
8
4
2
4
12
12
3
39
1
6
5
1
8
102
1
2
8
1
40
124
9
47
B. W. W
1
2
3
2
1
21
Ball & Fitts
7
1
1
2
2
5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Beck & Co
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
2
1
1
2
1
Totals
1
5
3
12
12
23
82
136
274
Respectfully submitted,
J. H. Caldwell,
General Superintendent Income Division.
46 City Document No. 37.
REPORT OF THE DISTRIBUTION DIVISION.
Office of Superintendent of Distribution Division,
710 Albany Street, Boston, February 1, 1898.
Hon. John R. Murphy,
Water Commissioner :
I herewith submit the annual report of the Distribution
Division for the year ending January 31, 1898.
In accordance with instructions received from you on Jan-
uary 5, 1898, the name of this division was changed from
that of the Eastern Division to the Distribution Division.
The taking, by the Metropolitan Water Board on January
1, 1898, of certain portions of the Western and Mystic
Divisions will necessitate a revision in our records, so that
the summaries of pipes and fixtures in use will represent
what belongs to the Distribution Division as it stands to-day,
exclusive of what has been taken by the State.
As this division supplied Somerville, Chelsea and Everett
for eleven months of the year, I shall include the usual
yearly statement of what has been done in these cities.
This will appear apart from that which concerns the city of
Boston.
Main Pipe.
City of Boston. — There were laid during the year, in con-
nection with the distribution system of the city of Boston,
28.2 miles of main pipe. Of this amount 5,601 feet were
private mains, laid for various parties, and 2,093 feet were
hydrant, blow-off and reservoir pipes. These two items are
not included in the total length of our system. The total
amount laid also embraces 948 feet of main pipe lowered,
which, although it does not effect the total length of our sys-
tem, represents an amount of labor greater than that usually
involved in ordinary pipe-laying.
Seven and five-tenths miles of pipe were abandoned, which,
with the amount taken by the Metropolitan Water Board,
makes the total length of our distribution system 666.2 miles.
Of the 28.2 miles laid, 7 miles were relaid, a much
greater amount than has been customary in previous years.
A most helpful device in the form of a portable steam-
boiler, having arrangements for thawing the frozen earth, was
Water Department. 47
introduced this year, enabling us to carry on our main-pipe
work during the winter without interruption from frost.
Last August we began laying the new 12-inch salt water
main for the Fire Department. Starting near the corner of
Atlantic avenue and Congress street, we continued through
Congress street and Post-office square to Exchange place,
through Exchange place and Central street to Atlantic ave-
nue, at Long wharf. We then returned to Atlantic avenue,
at Congress street, and laid in Congress street easterly to the
bridge ; where, on account of the weather and other obstruc-
tions, we stopped. The work will be resumed in the spring.
It is necessarily a costly job, on account of its slow progress.
This is occasioned by the conditions of the work, solid walls
of masonry, old fire-reservoirs, steam-heating conduits and
obstacles of all kinds being common occurrences. Besides
this we are laying in connection with the fire-pipe a 3-inch
cement-lined pipe, laid in concrete, to serve as a conduit for
the electrical portion of the system.
With the exception of a short distance at the junction of
Columbus avenue extension and Centre street, which has
been delayed by the construction of Stony Brook conduit,
the 36-inch new high-service main laid- in Heath street in
1895 is now complete to a point in Geneva avenue, about
seventy feet from Blue Hill avenue. Near this point the
main is reduced to thirty inches in diameter. We are now
engaged in laying isolated sections of it further along in
Geneva avenue and in Bowdoin street, which at some future
time will be connected, giving to Dorchester a most efficient
high-pressure supply.
During the year an auxiliary main, 42 inches in diameter,
was laid in Fisher avenue, Brookline, between Boylston
street and the Fisher Hill Reservoir. This was much needed,
as heretofore the high service of the city was practically de-
pendent upon the original 30-inch main between those two
points.
A 20-inch low-service main was laid through Canton
street, from Albany to Tremont streets, thus giving an effi-
cient fire service to the dangerous lumber district.
About 1,500 feet of 20-inch low-service main was laid in
Border street, East Boston, also for better fire protection.
The 24-inch main laid last year through Dorchester avenue
and Adams street was reduced to 20 inches, and continued
this year through Adams street to Minot street, a distance of
over a mile. This gives considerable increase of head to this
section.
Some of the most important relaying jobs performed during
48 City Document No. 37.
the year were State street, between Washington and Com-
mercial streets, where the old 12-inch pipe, which was in
a most deplorable condition, was replaced by a 16-inch main ;
Washington street, between Dover and Kneeland streets,
where the old 6 and 12 mch pipes were replaced by a 16-
inch main, and the dead ends at the Boston and Albany Rail-
road bridge connected ; Maverick street, between New and
Chelsea streets, where about 1,150 feet of 6-inch pipe was
replaced with 16-inch ; Tremont street, between Warrenton
and Boylston streets, where the old 8-inch was replaced by a
12-inch, and Boylston street, between Tremont street and
Park square, where the old 6-inch was replaced by a 12-inch.
In that part of Federal street which was taken for the site
of the new Union Station, and in portions of the adjacent
streets, it was necessary to abandon the pipes and relay in
their place 16 and 12-inch mains in New Cove street.
Changes in our mains occasioned by the construction of
the Subway have been carried on during the year, important
among which are — Tremont street, at Court street, 185 feet
of 12-inch relaid with 16-inch; Washington street, between
Elm street and Dock square, 151 feet of 8-inch relaid with
12-inch ; Adams square, between Devonshire street and
Cornhill, 140 feet of 12-inch relaid with 12-inch; Cornhill,
between Adams square and Court street, 475 feet of 12-inch
relaid with 12-inch ; Tremont street, at Pemberton square,
35 feet of 8-inch relaid with 8-inch ; Tremont row, at How-
ard street, 72 feet of 4-inch relaid with 8-inch, and Court
street, at Cornhill, 80 feet of 12-inch relaid with 12-inch.
In the vicinity of Hogg's bridge it was necessary to tem-
porarily relocate our 16 and 12 inch lines to allow of the
construction of Stony Brook conduit.
At Congress street, where the grade crossing is to be abol-
ished, it was necessary to abandon our 30 and 24 inch
mains in Congress and D streets, and relay them in Danby
and B streets. The abandoned pipe which had been laid
only a few years was taken out of the ground by contract,
and has since been used in the construction of other lines.
Several of the temporary lines laid during 1896, on account
of the elevation of the tracks on the Providence Division of the
N.Y., N.H. & H. R.R., and abandoned at a later date, were
taken out of the ground during the past year, and at the
present writing we are about to begin making the necessary
changes in our pipes caused by the proposed elevation of the
tracks on the Dedham branch of this railroad.
Somerville, Chelsea and ^Everett. — The distribution sys-
tem has been extended by the addition of 150 feet of 1^-inch
Water Department. 49
pipe, 70 feet of li-inch pipe, 1,029 feet of 2-inch pipe, 20
feet of 4-inch pipe, 7,156 feet of 6-inch pipe, 1,421 feet of 8-
inch pipe, 2,730 feet of 10-inch pipe, 1,050 feet of 12-inch
pipe, 39 feet of 16-inch pipe and 858 feet of 20-inch pipe,
making a total of 14,523 feet added to the system. Twenty-
four thousand six hundred and seventy-five feet of pipe were
relaid, replacing as a rule pipe of smaller sizes.
Gates or Stop-Cocks.
City of Boston. — Five hundred and twenty-seven gates
were established and 179 abandoned ; of the former 11 were
" blow-off " and seven private gates, and of the latter two were
" blow-off " and one private gates. This would make the total
number of gates in use, exclusive of " blow-off " and private
gates, and also of those taken by the Metropolitan Water
Board on January 1, as part of its system, 7,931. Special
attention has been paid the condition of the gates this year.
Our aim is to have every gate in thorough working order so
in time of emergency they may not fail to operate.
Somerville, Chelsea and JEverett. — In these cities 118
gates of different sizes were established. '
Air-Cocks.
City of Boston. — During the year 18 air-cocks were estab-
lished in various parts of the city.
Deacon Meters.
City of Boston. — One was established in the Roxbury
district and one on Deer Island.
Somerville and Chelsea. — One was abandoned in each of
these cities.
Hydrants.
City of Boston. — Four hundred hydrants were established
and 218 abandoned, making a net increase for the year of
182, and a total, exclusive of those taken by the Metropoli-
tan Water Board on January 1, as part of its system, of
7,235.
The usual requests from the Fire Department for raising,
lowering, relocating, changing style, and establishing new
hydrants have been attended to promptly. These requests
have become more frequent than in previous years, owing no
doubt to the system now in vogue in the Fire Department,
which requires a monthly report by the several District
50 City Document No. 37.
Chiefs on the condition of the hydrants in their districts.
During the winter months, the Water Department makes a
daily inspection of all hydrants in the important districts of
the city, and a frequent inspection in suburban parts. In
addition to this a small force of men are kept employed
throughout the winter in pumping water and other accumu-
lations from the hydrant boxes, and otherwise preventing
liability of delay in the operation of these important means of
protection against fire. Six thousand nine hundred and
seventy-four bushels of salt were purchased by this depart-
ment, and delivered to the Fire Department to be used on
hydrants during the cold weather.
Somerville, Chelsea and Everett. — There were established
107 post-hydrants, and 32 were abandoned, making a net in-
crease to the system of 75.
Water-Posts.
City of Boston. — Five water-posts were established dur-
ing the year and two abandoned, making an increase of three,
and the total number in use January 31, 1898, 408. The
usual attention, such as painting, new valves, hose and coup-
lings was given them.
Somerville, Chelsea and Everett. — Three water-posts were
established and two abandoned, making a net increase of one,
and a total of 97 now in use in these cities.
Fountains.
City of Boston. — Three drinking fountains were estab-
lished and four abandoned. One was also established for the
Park Department in the North End Park. The services of
two men are employed throughout the year in the care and
maintenance of fountains, special attention being given to
the sanitary condition of the same.
Somerville, Chelsea and Everett. — One drinking fountain
was established in Everett and one abpjidoned in Somerville.
Service-Pipes.
City of Boston. — Two thousand eight hundred and twenty
service-pipes (64,128 feet) have been laid during the year,
and 312 (7,072 feet) abandoned, showing a net increase of
2,508 service-pipes (57,056 feet) for the year,' and making
the total number of pipes now in use 82,026, with a length
of 2,297,566 feet.
Under the law governing the laying out of new streets, we
were obliged to lay to vacant lots 453 service-pipes, with a
Water Department.
51
length of 7,240 feet, from which no revenue is at present de-
rived.
Meters.
On September 1, 1897, the meter service, which previous
to that date was in charge of this division, was transferred
to the Income Division, whose report will contain a statement
of what was done during the past year.
Machine, Carpenter and Blacksmith Shops.
It has not been customary to state what work was done in
these shops located at our yard, No. 710 Albany street, but,
as requested by you, I give below a statement of the work
performed. It does not include the small repairs. The
articles manufactured are taken from the rough stock and
finished ready for use. The boxes and other things made in
the carpenter shop represent a small part of its work, as dur-
ing a great portion of the year the force, which includes
painters, is engaged on all kinds of work maintaining the
property of the department. In fact, it is a very rare occur-
rence now to have any repairs made by outside parties, except
upon wagons and harnesses.
Gates, 3-inch
4
6
8
10
12
Total .
Corporation cocks,
Machine Shop. — Manufactures.
-inch
u
1 "
14"
Total .
Nipples, |-inch.
60
113
272
108
20
24
597
2,984
200
183
77
3,444
100
100
101
175
176
Total
652
52
City Document No. 37.
Coupling nuts, 1-inch. .
. 7,113
tl a £ a
177
u a ^ u
562
" " li "
202
44 44 2 "
150
Total
. 8,204
Coupling tubes, f-inch. .
. 5,834
" " § "
625
44 44 ^ "
589
" " 1£ " .
235
44 44 2 "
210
Total
. 7,493
Male couplings, f-inch. .
59
44 44 ^ 44
251
" " H " .
257
44 44 2 "
26
Total
593
Plugs, f-inch .....
447
« f »
. . . 100
" 1 "
89
« H "
16
" li« .
20
" 2 " ....
16
Total
688
Air-cocks ......
30
Lowry hydrants .
72
Boston Lowry hydrants . . . .
49
Post hydrants .
... 248
Boston hydrants . . . . .
11
Salt water hydrants . . . .
6
Hydrant wastes, large .
480
Hydrant wastes, small . . . .
40
Set screws . . . .
. 5,268
Lowry hydrant bolts .
. 1,124
Post hydrant bolts .
232
Boston Lowry hydrant bolts .
300
Sidewalk tops
. 3,601
Water Department.
53
Thimbles, various sizes .....
Boston Lowry extensions . .
Burnett valves ......
Two-inch female hose-couplings
Three-inch to 2-inch reducing plugs
66
38
126
173
47
Repairs were made on the following :
Gates of various sizes .
Lowry hydrants ......
Boston Lowry hydrants . . . .
Post hydrants ......
Boston hydrants ......
17
253
22
16
9
Carpenter Shop — Manufactures.
Lowry hydrant boxes .....
Boston Lowry hydrant boxes
Post hydrant boxes
Boston hydrant boxes .....
Gate-boxes .......
Wooden horses .......
159
62
228
23
579
137
Paving rammers ......
40
Blacksmith Shop.
Picks pointed .......
Picks resteeled ......
. 15,000
225
Maintenance.
City of Boston. — We have made 2,781 repairs on pipes
during the year, for causes of which see table appended. A
most interesting exhibit is our statement of miscellaneous
work performed, while it does not give an idea of the expense
or the difficulties attached to each one of the jobs, still it
will assist in forming an idea of how a part of the depart-
ment occupied its time during the year, and shows what a
variety of work we are called upon to perform. Among
other things, 10,268 gate locations were either marked or
remarked; 9,362 gates salted an account of cold weather;
4,224 hydrant boxes cleaned out ; 1,646 hydrants repaired in
service; 1,257 street repairs; 1,004 stop-cock or gate-boxes
repaired in service ; 953 examinations caused by false re-
ports; 833 meters hayed on account of cold weather; 808
hydrants hayed for same reason ; 665 water posts repaired ;
635 hydrant boxes repaired in service, and 426 sidewalk up-
rights raised or lowered.
54 City Document No. 37.
Those parts of the various bridges over which our main
pipes are carried have been given unusual attention this year.
The supports were strengthened and renewed; the boxes
covering the pipes repaired and painted, and in some in-
stances replaced entirely. All excavations in the streets that
were likely to expose our pipes were carefully inspected, with
a view of protecting said pipes from damage, and in all cases
where corporations were at work laying conduits, etc., in the
streets, an inspection was made to prevent encroachment and
the covering of our pipes by said corporations.
Harbor Service.
City of Boston. — Although no additional mains have been
laid in the harbor this year, considerable attention has been
given to the protection of the existing ones. Bulkheads
have been built, and during the winter months it was neces-
sary on several occasions to replace the earth which was
washed away by the sea, thereby exposing our pipes to danger
of breaking and freezing. As a precaution against freezing
during the cold spells a small stream was allowed to run con-
tinuously on Rainsford's and Galloupe's Islands. Located
in various parts of the harbor are signs, warning ships not to
anchor in the vicinity of our pipes. These have been re-
paired and painted.
Reservoirs and Stand-pipes.
East Boston. — This reservoir is in good condition.
Parker Hill. — The keeper's house has been thoroughly
renovated, and with the rest of the property is in first-class
condition.
South Boston. — This reservoir is abandoned, and the con-
nections with our system removed.
College Mill. — Up to January 1, 1898, the time when this
property was taken by the Metropolitan Water Board, this
reservoir was maintained in its usual good condition, and
handed over to the State in first-class order. About 300 feet
of roadway on the grounds was macadamized.
Fisher Hill and Brookline. — These two basins came under
the care of this division January 1, 1898, and will require
considerable attention before we can safely say they are in
good condition. We are now repairing the buildings.
Breed's Island Stand-pipe. — The extensive repairs re-
ported as in progress in our last statement have been com-
pleted, and the tower is now in the best condition.
Water Department. 55
Mb. Bellevue Sta7id-jjipe. — This building has been thor-
oughly overhauled. New floors were laid, a copper sheathing
placed between the upper and lower floors of the observatory,
guard rails placed around the windows, the masonry pointed
and the land surrounding the building graded. During the
summer season the tower is well patronized for observation
purposes, it being located on the highest land in the city of
Boston. A keeper was placed hi charge of the grounds, with
good results.
Fire Reservoirs.
During the year the following fire reservoirs were aban-
doned on account of the operations of this department.
Washington street, at Common.
" « " Motte.
" " " Davis.
East Canton street, opposite No. 89.
Pumping Stations.
Mystic. — During that portion of the past year when this
station was in our charge, Engine No.- 3 was stopped and
thoroughly repaired. The pump plungers were taken out
and cylinders scraped of corrosion and painted inside on the
steam end. Three new piston valves and two new valve stems
were set in place of old ones. The air-pump beams were
taken out, relined and rebabbited, and pumps fastened to
foundations. The lagging on all the pumps was repaired.
The following is a statement of the time each engine was
run up to December 31, 1897 :
Engine No. 1, 2,365 hours, 15 minutes.
" 2, 1,500 " 15
" 3, 1,308 " 50
« 4, 6,420 "
Number of gallons of water pumped by all four engines
4,404,156,637.
In boilers Nos. 1, 2 and 3 it was found necessary to reline
the fire boxes and place new arches over the fire doors.
Three new sets of head plates were also required for the
same boilers. A new brick floor was put hi the fire-room.
The bridge at the pumping station was entirely rebuilt and
painted, and the dwelling-house and other buildings located
on the grounds were thoroughly overhauled and put hi first-
class condition, preparatory to then." transfer to the State.
West Roxbury. — Two new air-pumps were connected with
the pumping apparatus, thus stopping the disagreeable noise
56 City Document No. 37.
in the pipes so frequently complained of in the past. Con-
nection was made with the sewer in Washington street, giving
to the station a much-needed drainage.
Wayne street. — This station will in all probability be
abandoned some time during the year, and at present answers
all requirements.
East Boston. — With the exception of placing new tubes
in the boilers nothing was done at this station ; it being in a
generally good condition.
Yaeds.
Albany street. — Although greatly cramped last year, this
year the City Hospital took quite a slice off the yard for the
purpose of building a coal-pocket, and this contracts our work-
ing space to a degree where it is almost impossible to move
around in the busy season. The stable which was in process
of reconstruction at the writing of my last report was com-
pleted during the year, and we now have an almost model stable.
A large stationary derrick was erected in the yard which
greatly facilitates the loading and unloading of heavy cast-
ings. Our large stock of valuable patterns have been given
space on the upper floor of the machine-shop and arranged,
tagged and catalogued under the direction of the City
Engineer. The buildings have been painted and repaired
where necessary, and extra accommodations prepared for the
meter service of the Income Department.
Charlestown. — Extensive repairs have been made here.
The fence has been entirely rebuilt ; the buildings painted,
new doors and floors placed in the stable and new window
frames in the repair shop.
West Roxbury. — The removal to more commodious quar-
ters recommended in last year's report has been made, and the
beneficial results are most apparent. A two and one-half
story wooden frame building serving as an office, workshop
and stable, surrounded by a large and roomy yard, was
secured on Williams street, West Roxbury, a short . distance
from Washington street. This is a much more central loca-
tion than the old one on Seaverns avenue, and will undoubt-
edly answer the requirements of this large and growing
district for some time to come.
Dorchester, Brighton and East Boston have all received
some attention as regards their condition, and are at present
sufficiently equipped to handle the work in their districts.
The Brighton District will, however, soon need better accom-
modations.
Water Department. 57
Mystic Lake and Conduit.
Constant attention was paid during the year to the condi-
tion of the Lake and the streams entering it, with a view to
removing as far as possible all foreign bodies. The conduit
was flushed out several times, scraped and cleansed, and new
planking placed on the bridge at the Lake. For statistics of
the rain-fall, and rise and fall of water in the Lake, see En-
gineer's report.
Water-Sources.
The following is a summary of the inspection work for the
year 1897 : Total number of cases inspected, 382. The
present condition of all inspected cases is: Present safe,
279 ; seem safe, 9 ; suspected, 8 ; unsatisfactory, 17 ; reme-
died, 69. Four legal notices were served.
Electrolysis.
Electrical tests have been made throughout the whole city.
The object of these tests was first to determine the districts,
if any, in which electrolytic action is marked, and then to
ascertain the extent to which it is going on. The work so
far has been confined principally to finding the potential
differences between the pipes and the adjacent ground, as
they furnish the information from which conclusions as to
relative rates of electrolytic decomposition can be most readily
drawn. The results obtained are merely comparative ones,
but serve as a guide to the correct examination of the system.
Deacon and Waste Service.
The Deacon meter service has been continued during the
past year with good results. Sixty-two of these meters were
in operation for a period of seven months and twenty-three
days, and 731 readings and tests were made on 150 sections.
Seven hundred and eleven diagrams, showing results of 355
readings of 24 hours, and 356 night tests, from 11 P.M. to
4 A.M., were delivered to the Engineer for compilation.
The inspection of premises for waste was continued during
the entire year, principally in streets where the consumption
of water had been shown by the Deacon meters to be exces-
sive. The number of premises inspected during the year
was 47,778; the number of streets, 823; waste reports
58 City Document No. 37.
made, 7,652 ; defective fixtures discovered, 9,211 ; premises
re-examined, 11,121.
Appended you will find tables showing details of the work
performed.
Yours respectfully,
Hugh McNulty,
General Superintendent Distribution Division.
Water Department.
59
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City Document No. 37.
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Total 3-inch .
Chn.
E. B.
C.P.
Chn.
10,233
217
48
36
24
16
36
24
30
209
36
25
13
29
16
15
54
11
12
16
40
20
20
35
34
11,249
Chn.
^3-in.
4-in.
3-in.
4-in.
3-ln.
4-in.
4-in.
6-in.
4-in.
3-in.
3-in.
Water Department.
69
Statement of Location, Size and Number of Feet of
Main Pipe Extended during the Year ending Jan-
uary 31, 1898.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Fisher ave
Boylston st
Fisher ave
Old Heath st
Blue Hill ave
Georgia st
Elm HiU ave
Buthven st
Walnut pk
West Walnut pk. . .
Columbus ave.
Fisher ave
Geneva ave
Bowdoin st
C st
Geneva st
Blue Hill ave
Adams st
Danby st
South st
Roadway of Arnold
Arboretum (con-
tract)
South st. (contract)
Canton st
Tremont st
Adams st
Border st
Boylston st. and Reservoir
Opposite Fisher ave
Boylston st. and Reservoir
New Heath and Columbus ave
Geneva ave. and Georgia st
Blue Hill and Elm Hill aves
Georgia and Ruthven sts
At Elm Hill ave
Walnut ave. and Washington st
Washington st. and Columbus ave.. ..
West Walnut pk. and Stony brook
Total 36-inch
Brookline,
Rox.
1,108
18
124
547
69
1,117
63
73
1,280
166
1,995
5,452
Boylston st. and Reservoir . .
Olney and Bowdoin sts
Homes ave. and Westville st.
At Danby st ,
From Blue Hill ave
Geneva ave. and Georgia st. .
Total 30-inch ,
Junction Neponset ave
D and E sts
Arnold Arboretum and Morton st.
Westerly from South st
Northerly from entrance to Arnold
Arboretum
Total 24-inch .
Albany and Tremont sts. . . .
At West Canton st
Neponset ave. and Minot st.
Maverick st. and Central sq.
Total 20-inch...
Brookline,
Dor.
it
So. B.
Dor.
Rox.
Dor.
So. B.
W.R.
C. P.
Dor.
E. B.
30-in,
32
610
662
7
68
166
1,545
24-in.
20-in
24
71
508
623
220
1,446
2,554
32
5,474
1,506
9,566
70
City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
o
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55
"Si
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Hi
Dor.
So. B.
Rox.
E. B.
16-in.
211
56
5
1,315
57
808
6
7
41
2,506
Over B. & A. R.R. bridge
C.P.
Dor.
12-in.
115
40
113
20
13
27
ii ■■ ii
32
17
5
285
271
671
356
Savin Hill ave. and Evandale terrace,
607
294
19
1,210
232
316
1,232
995
40
Kilton gt
84
417
7,311
Water Department. 71
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Fairmount ave. .
Ogden st
Park st
Woodlawn ave. .
Oakland st
.Richmond road .
Capen st
Eomsey st
Kilton st
Adams st
Woodlawn ave. .
Bakersfield st. ;
Geneva ave
Bernard st
Normandie st
Massachusetts ave.
Danby st
Est
Congress st
East First st
Qst
Nst
Shirley st
Columbus ave
Calumet st
Vancouver st
Centre st
Calumet st
Ritchie st
Heath st
Columbus ave
Heath st
Blue Hill ave
Between what Streets.
Brought forward
Washington and Ogden sts
At Fairmount ave
Waldeck and Greenbrier sts
W. Selden and Delhi sts
Regent road and Haven st
Randolph road and Oakland st. .
Norfolk and Evans sts ;
W. of Sidney st
From "Washington st
At Lonsdale st.. ..„
From W. Selden st
Stoughton and Willis sts
Corona st. and Homes ave
Nightingale and W. Park sts
At Culvert •
From Lawrence ave
Boston and Clapp sts
D and E sts
Danby and Congress sts
E st. and L-st. bridge
P and Q sts
First and Second sts
At E. First st
Roswell and Clifton sts
West Walnut pk. and Dimock st.
From Hillside st
Buggies st. and Huntington ave.
At Cedar st
From Hillside st
At Centre st
At Day st
Dimock st. and Stony brook
Lawn and Day sts
Geneva ave. and Georgia st
Carried forward
Dor.
So. B.
Kox.
12-in
7,311
127
4
60
204
1,188
652
260
235
305
17
195
812
656
630
29
270
328
512
530
40
41
24
8S2
347
270
3
45
22
95
1,123
550
34
19,629
72 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Heath st
Bass wood st
So. Huntington ave
Cranford st
Arborway
Merlin st
Hyde Park ave
Colberg ave
Park st
Beech st
Centre st
Merlin st
Selwynst
Montehello road . . .
Beech st
Atherton st
Lassell st
Maple st
Baker st
Oakland st
Faneuil st
Nonantum st ,
Blackington st
Frankfort st ,
Devonshire st
Congress st
Greenbrier st
Tonawanda st
Brought forward ,
Lawn and Cranford sts
From South Huntington ave. . . .
Floyd and Bynner sts
From Heath st
Heath and Floyd sts
Hamp stead road and Centre st..
Washington and South sts
Centre and Weld sts
Walk Hill and Patten sts
Malcom and Cornell sts
Montello and Malcom sts
Centre st. and Clement ave
Near Washington st
At Belgrade ave
Fletcher and Farquhar sts
Centre and Weld sts
Arundel and Mozart sts
From Walnut ave.'
At Belgrade ave
Amory and liamartine sts
Dent and Perham sts
From Weld st
Ballinakill ave. and Johnson st.
Washington and Faneuil sts
Oakland and Hobart sts
At Newton line
Walley and Leyden sts
Off Maverick st
Total 12-inch
Franklin and Milk sts
From Atlantic ave. (east) .
Bloomfleld and Park sts...
From Greenbrier st
Carried forward
Kox.
W. Box.
Bri.
E.B.
C. P.
Dor.
10-in.
19,629
174
473
805
950
225
334
319
199
310
146
96
117
96
96
139
145
109
270
66
715
225
221
338
592
671
108
96
200
2 7,864
92
380
786
Water Department. 73
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
o
CO
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5
Ml
a
CD
1,264
Dor.
Box.
W. Rox!
10-in.
' 1,755
260
263
394
74
tt tf
36
4,046
C. P.
Dor.
8-in.
98
Berkeley st. and B. & A. R.R. bridge,
132
208
477
6
212
35
479
678
311
93
At Blue Hill ave
23
8
200
536
Richmond and Rockingham roads
527
722
451
3
300
10
502
39
360
125
82
6,617
74 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Spencer st
Greenwood st.
Private way . .
Wellesleypk...
Eosseter st.
Melville ave. . .
Wellesley pk. .
Egmont st
Fargo st
Wormwood st.
Hilton st
Sherwood st. . .
Bragdon st. . . .
Bynner st
Buggies st
Norway st
Turner st
Areola st
Dunreath st. . .
Day st
Cranford st. . .
Willow st
Patten st
Wachusetts st,
Hemlock st
Clement ave. . .
Aldworth st...
Hautvale st
Clarendon ave
Wiedman st...
Winslow st
Fletcher st
Montclair ave.
Farquhar st. . .
Brought forward
At W. Park st.
" May st
From Fremont st
Melville ave. and Park st.
From Bowdoin ave
Upland st. and railroad. . .
At Melville ave
From E st
Dor.
At New England Railroad
From Swett st
" Norfolk ave
At Columbus ave
Catalpa and Day sts
Parker st. and Huntington ave
Massachusetts ave. and Parker st.
Haviland and Astor sts
From Day st
Aspen and Warren sts
At Heath st
Heath and Floyd sts
Dunbar and Weld sts
Hyde Park ave. and Rodman st...
Patten and Rodman sts
Washington and Bellevue sts
Stratford ave. and Park st
From Centre st
" Clarendon ave
Beech and Hautvale sts
From Canterbury st
Per ham and Temple sts
Montclair ave. and Centre st
From Fletcher st
Centre and South sts
Carried forward
So. B.
Box.
W. Rox.
Water Department.
75
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Tower st
Kittredge st
Cornell st ,
Mapletonst
Ayr road
Orkney road —
Allston Heights
Eidgemont st. . . ,
Union st
Green st
Lovering pi
Water st
Devonshire st. . .
Otis st
Grenville pi
Sears st
Devonshire st. .
Portland st
Hathaway pi. . .
Washington st. .
Blackwell st....
Barton st
Lewis st
Noyes pi
Mascot ave
Elmo st
Banfield st
Coffin st
Oakwood ave...
Pleasant st
Salcombe st. ...
Trescott st
Between what Streets.
Brough t forward
From Hyde Park ave
At Cornell st
" Kittredge st
Murdock and Market sts
Beacon st. and Orkney road.
Prom Ayr road
" Eidgemont st
At Allston Heights
" Shannon st
High and Main sts
Total 8-inch
At Washington st
Devonshire and Congress sts.
At State st
From Summer st
At Columbus ave
Central wharf and India st
State and Water sts
Travers and Merrimac sts
Off Congress st
At W. Canton st
From St. Botolph st
At Milton st
Moon and North sts
From Salem st
" Ballou ave
" Erie ave
" Woodlawn ave
" Savin Hill ave
" Cap en st
" Savin Hill ave
" Stoughton st
" Bakersfield st
Carried forward
W. Eox.
Bri.
Chn.
C. P.
Dor.
8-in.
6-in.
15,626
658
39
134
1,005
254
326
290
12
80
79
1S,503
17
108
38
188
142
345
291
60
85
12
270
90
144
180
230
380
3
325
183
85
183
12
3,321
76 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what; Street.
Hinckley st
Percival ave
Corona st
Oakley st
Holiday st
Burt ave
Gawain st
Browning ave..
Helen st
Drayton ave
Flint st
Peverall st
Newhall ave. . . .
Monson st
May "
Mascot ave
Wellesley pk. . .
Norton st
Bellevue st
Burt ave
Hartland st
Malvern st
Trescott "
Soudan "
Mallett "
Dorchester way
Pond st
Proposed st.
Castle Rock st. .
Dakota st
Vinson "
Gibson "
Ditson "
Brought forward
From Bakersfield st..
" Bowdoin st. . .
" Geneva ave. . .
West of " "
East of " "
From Washington st. . .
Harvard and Park sts.
From Bernard st
" Qumcy "
" Norfolk "
" Salcombe st
Adams and Newhall st
From Stur bridge st
Glenway and Greenwood sts.. .
From Ballou ave
Mevillle ave. and Park st
From Stonehurst st. . .
Columbia and Trull sts
Washington and Ashmont sts..
Sydney st. and Tuttle ave
Adams and Milton sts
From Faxon st
" Sydney "
Adams st. and Shaw pk
Dorchester ave. and Pond st. . .
From Dorchester way
" Pond st
" Grampian way
Geneva ave. and Greenbrier st.
At Geneva ave
From Dorchester ave
Charles and Josephine sts
Carried forward
Dor.
Water Department. 77
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Ditson st
Duke st
Lindsay st
Stratford st
Samoset st
Rosemont st. . . .
May st
Blue Hill ave.. .
Tileston st
Chamberlain st.
Ellet st
East st
Brunswick st. . .
Dracut st
Hunter st
Southern st
Hopestill st
Athelwold st. . .
Mattapan st. . . .
Moultrie ave. . .
Nevada st
Roach st
Edson green .. .
Devon st
White terrace. .
Boland road —
Selden st
May st ,
Harrison st
Coleman st
Oakwood ave.. ,
Dudley st
Virginia st.
Morton st
Rupert st ,
Between what Streets.
Brought forward
Leroy and Westville sts.
Ponemah and Ormond st.
From Greenbrier sts
Dor.
Welles ave. and Centre st
Samoset st. and Dorchester ave. —
From Glenway st
Walk Hill and Ponemah sts
From Blue Hill ave
Cook and Algonquin sts
Adams st. and Dorchester ave
Highland ave. and Dorchester ave.
From Blue Hill ave
Dorchester ave. and Bruce st
From Morton st
" Washington st
" Southern ave
At Culvert
From Tileston ave
Allston and Seaborn sts
At Fairmount ave
From Dorchester ave
Dorchester ave. and Pond st
From Blue Hill ave
Lauriat ave. and Jones ave
Randolph road and Oakland st
Morton and Capen sts
From Glenway st
Greenhill and Preston sts.
At Quincy st ,
From Capen st , .
Monadnock and Virginia sts
From Dudley st
West of Bowdoin st
From Kilton st
Carried forward
6-in.
62
627
23
30
393
550
48
704
16
192
129
80
24
100
100
141
30
27
42
627
6
51
1,385
60
264
359
160
60
206
32
19
250
115
54
15,968
78 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size, etc. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Oak ave
Pierce ave
Barry st
it 11
Adams st
Dudley st
Bellevue st
Sawyer ave
Bellevue st
Woodlawn ave.
Granville st.
Cunningham st.
Gold st
Champney st. . .
Broadway
Sixth st
Boswell st
Glenhrook st. . .
Rockledge st. . .
Columbus ave. .
Bragdon st
Colony pi
Hamerton st
Linden Park st
Cherokee st
Gay st
Buggies st
Wensley st
Daniel st
Carmel st
Zamora st
Heath st
Brought forward .
Adams and Plain sts.
South of Barrington st
North of Barrington st
Rosemont and King sts
Virginia st. and Upham's Corner..
East of Quincy st
West of Quincy st
At Cushing ave
Prom Barrington st
Prom Savin Hill ave
Prom Milton st
Prom Hartford st
C and D sts
Prom Mercer st
E and P sts
AtFst
Shirley and Langdon sts
Dewey and Dalmatia sts
Lambert ave. and Thornton st
West Walnut pk. and Dimock st. . .
At Columbus ave
Off Fellows st
Prom Humboldt ave
From Gay st
From Hillside st
At Linden Park st
Huntington ave. and Pens
Prom Heath st
Mall and Webber sts
From Tremont st
Perkins and Castleton sts
Cranford and So. Huntington ave.
Carried forward
Dor.
6-in.
So. B.
Box.
Water Department.
Statement of Location, Size, etc.
79
Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
_o
.a
s
a
5
21,956
Floyd st
Cranford and So. Huntington ave
Box.
6-ln.
200
„
149
„
50
„
84
,,
59
„
24
,,
335
"
60
418
,,
120
,,
27
"
44
33
Off Columlras ave., north of Dimock st.,
1,114
Proposed street (from
6-inch main)
«
22
Proposed street (from
12-inch main)
u „
26
Proposed street
" " 2d "
"
18
Prom Bell st ....
W. Box.
l(
226
346
, (
212
"
72
Maxfield st
" Eliot st
277
«
201
87
"
78
Eldredge st
96
,,
27
,,
192
From Weld st
•'
372
200
38
,,
222
At Enfield st
»
70
27,545
80 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Location, Size etc. — Concluded.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
CO
8
03
03
to
a
<v
1-1
27,545
W. Rox.
Bri.
Chn.
E. B.
6-in.
36
140
Flora 6t
217
84
Fletcher st
168
111
594
360
79
115
Boylston st. and Spring Park ave
120
" pi
15
96
145
36
36
142
Telford st
366
65
173
158
277
60
204
Total 6-inch
31,342
Rox.
Bri.
Brookline.
4-in.
72
264
Fisher ave
68
404
Water Department.
81
Statement of Private Mains Laid and Relaid during
the Year ending January 31, 1898.
For whom Laid.
"Where Laid.
Hi
53
■a
U
a
Arborway, between "Washington and
10-in.
4-in.
6-in.
12-in.
16-in.
8-in.
359
i< «<
Arborway, between Hampstead road
88
it it
Atlantic ave., Congress, Central sts.
216
it ii
Fire Department (salt
390
3,870
Town of Brookline (re-
laid)
Fisher ave. between Boylston st. and
660
Town of Brookline (re-
laid)
Fisher ave., between Boylston st. and
18
5,601
ftw — rm " '
Statement of Main Pipe Lowered.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
o
'B
DO
5
53
bO
Pi
CO
Blue Hill ave
Dor.
"W.R.
164n.
12-in.
ii
100
100
100
77
Walk Hill st
277
Dor.
Box.
W.R.
8-in.
6-in.
ii
200
68
26
Adelaide st
Boylston st. and Spring Park ave. . . .
Total 6-inch
277
371
^^^^™
82 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned,
In what Street.
Tremont st .
D st
Fisher ave.
Essex st. ...
Congress st.
Dover st. . .
Thomas pk.
Columbus ave.
Centre st
Blue Hill ave.
Adams sq. .
Tremont st.
"Washington st.
State st
India st
Commercial st.
Hanover st. ...
Harrison ave. .
Atlantic ave.
Beach st
Federal st
Cornhill
Between what Streets.
Opp. Common st
Danby and Congress sts. . . .
Boylston st. and Reservoir ,
Total 30-inch ,
At Washington st.
B and D sts
Total 24-inch ,
At Washington st.
" Reservoir
Total 20-inch ,
At Elmwood-st. pumping station .
" Hogg's bridge
Walk Hill and Fessenden sts.
Total 16-inch.
Devonshire st. and Cornhill
At School st
School st. and Scollay sq
Opp. Common st
Kneeland and Dover sts
Washington and Commercial sts.
At State st
" Court st
" Asylum st
" Lovering pi
" Congress st
Cove and Federal sts. . . .
Kneeland and Esses sts.
Adams sq. and Court st.
Carried forward,
C. P.
So. B.
Brookline
C. P.
So. B.
C. P.
So. B.
Rox.
Dor.
C. P.
C.P.
24-in.
20-in.
16-in.
12-in.
12-in.
11
914
24
949
5
550
J555
12
366
378
125
210
160
503
125
21
415
12
1,457
1,174
22
15
49
6
5
18
155
793
900
475
5,642
Water Department. 83
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
o
'u
5
02
4
to
a
O
*1
5,642
At Cornhill
C.P.
Dor.
cc
tt
tt
So. B.
Eox.
W. Rox.
Chn.
E.B.
tt
Brookline
12-in.
80
tt it
185
I
115
Walk Hill st
30
Blue Hill ave
125
i> >( <<
Walk Hill st
Glenway st. and McLellan ave
At Northwest corner of Blue Hill ave..
30
20
7
72
21
At Dudley st
24
6
17
16
80
264
210
220
« (i i<
80
Across vacant land
and under railroad,
545
West Walnut pk, , .
Washington st. and Columbus ave
11
12
Florence st
20
12
20
7
4
g
Fisher ave
43
Total 12-inch
7,927
C.P.
Dor.
Rox.
10-in.
25
755
Ward st. (J. P. A.) . . .
20
Total 10-inch
800
84 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Boston Common
Washington st...
Dover st
Boylston st
Pemberton sq —
Tremont st
Quincy st
Bernard st
Heath st
Hullst
Pine st
Liverpool st
Tremont st
Washington st.
Compton st. ...
Compton st.
Washington st.
Congress st. ...
Washington st.
Avery st
Cove st
East st
Howard st
Seaver pi
Shaving st
Ashton pi
Boylston st. . . .
Sydney st
Blue Hill ave. .
Virginia st
Clapp st
Savin Hill ave.
Wesley ave. . . .
Savin Hill ave.
Opposite Mason st.
Elm st. and Dock si
At Washington st. ,
At Tremont st
Boylston and Warrenton sts.
At Bellevue st
" Kerwin st
Lawn and Cranford sts
Chelsea and Vine sts
Off Vine st
Intersection of Maverick st. .
Total 8-inch
C. P.
8-in.
Dor.
Eox.
Chn.
E.B.
School st. and Scollay sq
Kneeland and Dover sts
At Washington st
Tremont and Washington sts ,
At State st ,
Atlantic ave. and High st —
Waltham and Union Park sts
Mason and Washington sts
Kneeland and Essex sts
Cove and Federal sts
Stoddard and Somerset sts
From Tremont st
Federal st. andMt. Washington ave.
From Charles st
Park sq. and Tremont st
Romsey st. and Crescent ave
At Glenway
" Davenport ave
From Massachusetts ave
Endleigh st. and railroad
From Savin Hill ave
" Grampian Way
Carried forward.
C. P.
Dor.
Water Department. 85
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Savin Hill ave
Grampian way
Everett ave
McLellan ave
Barry st
Geneva ave
E st
Bowen st
Broadway
Mercer st
Gst
W. Walnut park
Marcella st
Bromley st
Willow park
Sycamore st
Custer st
Commonwealth ave.. .
Oakland st
Joiner st
Maverick st
London st
Havre st
Paris st
Marginal st
Orleans st
Sumner st
Haymarket pi
Tremont row
Stoddard st
Carlton st
Berwick pk
Van Rensselaer pi
Brought forward
At Grampian Way
Savin Hill ave. and Evandale terrace,
From Stoughton st
Blue Hill ave. and Erie st
From Barrington st
Washington and Wilder sts
North of Sixth st
At Est
" Bst
" Valest
" James st
Washington st. and Columbus ave
Washington and Highland sts
At Old Heath st
Off Shawmut ave
At Ridge st
At Arborway ,
Harvard ave. and Allston st
Washington and Faneuil sts
Chelsea and Park sts
New and Chelsea sts
Intersection of Maverick st
Cottage and Ruth sts
Marginal and Sumner sts.
New and Border st
Total 6-inch
Off Avery st
At Howard st
Court and Howard sts.
At Berwick pk
At Carlton st —
From Tremont st
Carried forward . . .
Dor.
So. B.
Box.
W.Rox.
Brl.
Chn.
E. B.
C. P.
6-ln.
4-in.
8,001
26
679
25
168
23
125
4
16
8
14
2
198
1,353
8
118
10
3
270
744
209
1,354
11
12
16
786
613
30
14,826
249
72
166
50
27
22
86 City Document No. 37.
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Continued.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Ashton pi
Garland st
Lucas st
Cherry st ,
Davis st
Asylum st
Bumstead court .
Trumbull st ,
Lovering pi ,
Asylum st
Boylston pi
Ashton pi
"Webster ave
Unity court
Wiget st
Gray st
Pelham st
Pelham-Street pi
Carlton st
Exeter pi
Paul st
Alden st
Tamworth st
Avery pi
Lawrence st
Hilton st
Holden pi
Fenton pi
Clifton st
Goldst
Brought forward
From Charles st
At Washington st.
At Boylston st
At Newland st
Washington st. and Harrison ave.
From Boylston st.
" Charles st. .
At Unity st
Salem and Marginal sts
Berkeley and Clarendon sts
Washington st. amd Shawmut ave.
From Pelham st
At W. Newton st
Harrison ave. and Chauncy st
Tremont and Emerald sts
Court and Sudbury 6ts
At La Grange st
From Avery st
Berkeley and Dartmouth sts
From Swett st
" Dudley st
" Greenwich st., north side
" " " south " ...
At Dudley st
" Est
" Fst
D and E sts
E andF "
Carried forward
C. P.
Rox.
Dor.
So. B.
4-in.
586
158
24
27
27
14
340
346
20
29
12
12
250
630
449
22
24
180
480
240
15
15
1,260
300
26
27
4
36
60
50
553
500
6,727
"Water Department.
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Continued.
87
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
Gold st
Beckler ave
Gates st
Silver st
Goldst
Daciapl
" terrace
Adams pi
Kensington pk
Rheims pi. (J.P.A.)..
Downing st •
Centre-street pi
Walnut pk
Concord ave
Sullivan st
Stacey st
Ellwood st
Tufts ct
<< <«
Ludlow st
Hull st
Pine st
Auburn ave
Wallst
Mason ct
Wesley st
Dinwood pi
Murray ct
Boston Dye Wood Co.
Wharf
Dry Dock Co. Wharf,
Haynes st
Brought forward
F and Dorchester sts
From K st
Dorchester and Telegraph sts.
Telegraph and Eighth sts ,
Dorchester and G sts
B st. and railroad
From Dacia st ,
Williams st
Warren st
Ward st
Vernon st
Centre st
Washington st. and Walnut ave.
Concord and Jefferson sts
Russell and Bunker Hill sts
Off Main st
Tufts st
Corey st
Mead st
Chelsea and Vine sts.
Off Vine st
Auburn st
Sullivan st
Main st
Orleans st.
Border st, .
Orleans st. .
Total 4-inch ,
So.B.
Kox.
Chn.
E. B.
4-in.
6,727
541
254
440
616
658
151
34
36
18
52
200
170
140
1,204
24
217
48
36
24
36
24
30
209
36
25
29
20
20
54
40
20
20
35
12,188
} City Document No. 37.
Statement of Main Pipe Abandoned. — Concluded.
In what Street.
Between what Streets.
1
5
55
to
Willow Park
Eox.
Dor.
Chn.
3-in.
50
174
Off Chelsea st
20
190
Off Sullivan st
22
24
Total 3-inch
480
"~"~"
Water Department.
89
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City Document No. 37.
Blow=off Gates Established and Abandoned During the
Year.
Diameter in Inches.
Total.
4-in.
6-in.
12-ln.
6
1
3
1
2
11
2
5
2
2
9
Private Gates Established and Abandoned During the
Year.
Diameter in Inches.
Total.
6-in.
8-in.
10-in.
12-in.
16-in.
1
3
1
1
1
1
7
1
1
3
1
1
6
Water Department.
91
Hydrants Established and Abandoned During the Year.
Established.
O
Abandoned.
o
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oS
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o
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M
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o
hi
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o
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o
o
hi
o
hi
O
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o
o
03
CD
8
ft
53
1
8
62
33
3
2
24
1
18
1
13
3
2
62
1
19
1
20
20
64
9
3
5
33
88
1
28
13
4
1
South Boston (Public)
9
3
15
4
15
34
113
1
11
17
3
1
1
1
2S
4
25
53
152
1
48
23
4
7
9
19
1
6
28
2
15
10
8
3
11
36
" (Private). ...
West Roxbury (Public). . .
Brighton (Public)
36
5
1
3
13
2
5
1
2
4
20
10
1
1
1
Total Public
S3
93
216
5
3
395
5
71
53
25
67
2
216
2
180
4
1
1
92
City Document No. 37.
Total Number of Hydrants in use January 31, 1898.
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Notes.
City Proper (Public) —
" " (Private)....
South Boston (Public) . . .
" " (Private)..
East Boston (Public)
" " (Private)...
Koxbury (Public)
" (Private)
Dorchester (Public)
" (Private)
West Roxbury (Public). .
" " (Private).
Brighton (Public)
" (Private)
Charlestown (Public) . . .
" (Private)...
Deer Island (Private) . . .
Long Island (Private). ..
Thompson's Island (Pri
vate)
Kainsford's Island (Pri
vate)
Galloupe's Island (Pri-
vate)
Brookline.
Chelsea . . .
Quincy —
747
228
2
147
8
641
1*
564
307
10
126
13*
134
7
357
205
14
767
1*
561
13
326
6
41
36
18
6
25
87
247
1
221
73
366
45*
185
32*
78
25*
64
10*
50
5*
40
1
27
2*
4
6*
1,476
55
564
48
384
40
1,149
11
1,628
7
951
14
501
8
287
57
18
6
2
5
2
8
7
7
* 27 not for fire.
*2Bostons) tf fl
* 4 Posts j not lor are.
*7 not for fire.
* 1 Lowry ) t f flr
*1 Boston jnotiornre.
*f?S° nB } not for fire.
* 2 not for fire.
* 1 not for fire.
*lnot for fire.
* 1 not for fire.
Total number Public
Hy drants
Total number Private and
Suburban Hydrants.. . .
2,736
2,619
771
814
6,940
30
121
5
1
138
295
Note. — This list does not include the following hydrants taken January 1, 1898,
by the Metropolitan Water Board. —
Brighton (Public) 3 Posts
Pumping Station, West Somerville (Private) i\ p^ts* 1
Medford
' 5 Bostons
2 Posts
Water Department.
93
Water Posts.
District.
Number
in use
Jan. 31, 1897.
Established
during
the Year.
Abu ndoned
during
the Year.
Number
in use
Jan. 31, 1898.
City Proper...
South Boston. ,
East Boston...
Boxbury
Dorchester
West Boxbury
Brighton
Charlestown ..
405
408
Repairs of Pipes during the Year ending Jan. 31 , 1898.
Diameter of Pipes in Inches.
Totals.
48
36
30
24
•20
16
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1*
U
1
i
I
.1
2
17
2
3
1
3
6
3
8
10
35
1
2
1
8
47
190
14
11
14
8
20
3
4
264
3
1
2
3
9
58
1
1
1
6
3
5
2
77
81
13
5
25
31
12
4
5
176
30
8
1
5
4
1
49
6
6
6
2
8
1
1
2
2
16
1
4
1
1
23
17
3
20
787
243
109
3S4
237
124
40
101
1,261
284
138
2
1
455
291
1
1
1
3
11
1
1
1
30
164
55
1
3
1
26
128
1
4
Newton, L. F
1
2
5
Totals
2,025
2,781
94
City Document No. 37.
Causes of repairs that have been made on pipes of 4-inch
diameter and upwards :
Blasting .....
28
Defective joints ....
" stop-cocks
. 136
122
" pipes ....
" packing ....
In way of various corporations
Joints strained by settling in subway
On account of Sewer Division
9
103
26
218
17
Settling of earth ....
31
Struck by pick ....
6
696
a 3 inch and on service pipes :
Broken hi wall ....
19
" " sewer ....
81
" by builders of subway .
" " team ....
51
4
" " steam-roller
11
" " blasting ....
" " pick .....
" " settling of earth
Defective pipe . . .
14
. 200
. 244
162
" joints .
" stop-cocks
" packhig ....
" coupling
" valve ....
37
47
10
56
1
Eaten by soil .....
4
" " electricity
1
Frozen ......
55
Gnawed by rats ....
7
In way of various corporations
86
Relaying main pipe
Stopped by rust . . . .
" " dirt ....
250
490
135
« " fish ....
111
" " gasket ....
8
Broken by pile-clriver
' 1
2,085
2,781
Water Department.
95
Statement of Miscellaneous Work Performed during
the Year.
Locations of gates marked and remarked
Dead ends blown off
Hydrant barrels changed for repairs
" boxes repaired in service .
" " renewed " "
" changed on account of no guides
" repaired in service
" boxes cleaned out
Boxes over bridges repaired
Main cocks renewed
Sidewalk cocks renewed
" uprights raised or lowered
" " moved on account of edgestones
New main uprights put on
Stop-cock or gate-boxes repaired in service
" " " " renewed " "
Water-posts repaired
Fire reservoirs repaired .
Streets repaired . . .
Gates salted on account of cold weather
Hydrants hayed " " " "
Meters " « " " "
Number of examinations caused by false reports
10,268
190
229
635
110
136
1,646
4,224
36
49
154
426
65
12
1,004
272
665
9
1,257
9,362
833
953
96 City Document No. 87.
Statement of Leaks and Stoppages, from 1850 to 1897.
Year.
Diameter in Inches.
Four inches and
upwards.
Less than four
Inches.
Total.
1850
1851.
1852.
1853.
1854.
1855.
1856.
1857.
1858.
1859.
1860.
1861.
1862.
1863.
1864.
1865.
1866.
1867.
1868.
1869.
1870.
1871.
1872.
1873.
1874.,
1875.,
1876.,
1877.
1878.,
1879.,
1880.,
1881..
1882..
1883..
1884..
1885..
32
64
82
85
74
75
75
85
77
82
134
109
117
97
95
111
139
122
82
82
157
185
188
153
434
203
214
109
213
211
135
145
170
171
253
111
72
173
241
200
280
219
232
278
234
449
458
399
373
397
394
496
536
487
449
407
707
1,380
1,459
1,076
2,160
725
734
801
1,024
995
929
883
1,248
782
1,127
104
237
323
345
354
294
307
363
311
531
592
608
490
494
489
607
675
609
531
489
864
1,565
1,647
1,229
2,594
928
948
910
1,237
1,206
1,064
1,028
1,418
953
1,380
749
Water Department. 97
Statement of Leaks and Stoppages, etc. — Concluded.
Diameter in Inches.
Tear.
Four inches and
upwards.
Less than four
Inches.
Total.
1886
150
172
216
183
180
194
212
327
349
215
820
696
725
869
1,140
849
718
758
1,232
1,555
1,354
1,320
1,976
2,0S5
875
1887
1,041
1888
1 356
1889
1,032
898
1890
1891
952
1892
1,444
1,882
1,703
1 535
1893
1894
1895
1896
2,796
2,781
1897
98
City Document No. 37.
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100
City Document No. 37.
Distribution-Pipes Relaid.
Locations.
Original
Size.
4-in.
6-in.
10-in.
12-in.
16-in.
20-in.
Somerville :
Beacon pi.
Cameron ave.
Chauncey ave. .
Clarendon ave.
Clark st
Concord ave.
Congress pi. ..
Gilman st
Heath st
Lamson court.
Main st
Maple ave
Marion st
Medford st.
Melrose st
Mt. Vernon ave.
Mystic ave
Newbury st
Newton st.
Partridge ave.
Pearl st
Prospect pi
Prospect st
School st
Somerville ave.
4-in.
6-in.
4-in.
6-in.
8-in.
6-in.
4-in.
6-in.
4-1 n.
1-in.
6-in.
4-in.
1-in.
4-in.
4-in.
6-in.
6-in.
4-in.
6-in.
2-in.
6-in.
6-in.
4-in.
4 and
16-in.
12-in
4-in.
4-in.
6-in.
6-in.
4-in.
6-in.
6-in.
4-in.
4-in.
6-in.
191
7
792
871
2,320
1,238
896
42
05
Carried forward .
497
1,982
3,220
5,531
153
Water Department. 101
Distribution=Pipes Relaid. — Concluded.
Locations.
Original
Size.
2-in.
4-in.
6-in.
8-in.
10-in
12-in
16-in
20-in.
242
497
1,982
3,220
5,531
86
18
62
153
S-in.
6-in.
6-in.
4-in.
6-in.
6-in.
6, 14 and
16-in.
4-in.
293
1,384
6
248
638
ii «
6
43
360
450
708
Wyatt st
Chelsea :
3-in.
4-in.
4-in.
4-in.
4-in.
4 in.
3 and 4-in.
4-in.
4-in.
6-in.
4-in.
■ 4-in .
4-in.
4-in.
13'7
36
1,947
860
1,007
776
720
Everett :
173
1S7
758
1,112
1,035
Totals
415
6
8,351
4,789
4,626
5,635
62
791
102
City Document No. 37.
Extension of Distrlbution=Pipes.
Locations.
11-in.
li-in.
2-in.
4-in.
6-in.
8-in.
10-in.
12-in.
16-in.
20-in.
Somerville :
13
20
208
398
10
((
39
(l
32
21
39
((
380
406
6
11
7
5
*( it
196
541
196
>i ii
26
220
23
3
106
5
129
165
252
4
11
31
8
6
7
10
7
130
70
Carried forward . .
70
584
5
1,228
573
196
627
39
419
Water Department.
Extension of Distribution=Pipes Continued.
103
Locations.
li-in.
li-in.
2-in.
4-in.
6-in.
8-in.
10-in.
12-in.
16-in.
20-in
Brought forward . .
70
584
65
5
1,228
1S1
573
196
596
172
627
39
419
16
6
19
150
S
42
14
7
439
12
10
12
24
298
125
Pearl "
230
6
70
15
18
12
44
792
Tennyson st
Thurston "
Tower "
Tremont "
9
15
Union sq
Walnut st
9
63
12
305
6
15
Westminster st
cc c<
Carried forward. . .
70
1,029
20
2,107
1,421
964
1,050
39
858
104
City Document No. 37.
Extension of Distribution-Pipes. — Concluded.
Locations.
li-in. l£-in. 2-in. 4-in. 6-in. 8-in. 10-in.
12-in. 16-in. 20-in.
Brought forward ,
Willow ave
Windom st
Chelsea :
Cypress st
Harvard st
Murray st
Ingleside ave
Springvale ave
Everett :
Jackson ave
Jefferson ave
Clay ave
Calhoun ave
Spring st
Broadway
Elm st
Springvale ave
Burdett st
Timothy ave
Summit ave
Tremont st
Walnut st
Orchard st
Baldwin terrace
Myrtle st
Villa ave
Rover st
Bobbins st ,
Bockvalley ave.
Dane st
Greenhalge ave
1,029
Totals
2,107
296
180
210
96
96
593
106
50
531
1,029
72
72
112
376
248
216
119
197
436
120
284
192
84
132
216
7,156
1,421
964
1,066
7i 'i i
1,050
39
858
1,421 2,730.
1,050
39
Water Department.
105
Hydrants Established and Abandoned.
Established.
Abandoned.
Increase.
Post.
Post.
79
15
13
21
10
1
58
5
12
Totals
107
32
75
Water Posts Established and Abandoned.
Established.
Abandoned.
Increase.
Decrease.
Net Increase.
Somerville
2
1
2
1
2
Chelsea
Everett
2
Totals
3
2
3
2
1
106
City Document No. 37.
APPENDIX B.
REPORT OF THE RESIDENT ENGINEER AND
GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT OF THE WEST-
ERN DIVISION.
South Framingham, January 1, 1898.
Hon. John R. Mtjephy,
Water Commissioner :
Sir : The annual report of the Western Division of the
Boston Water Works is herewith submitted.
SUDBUEY-RlVER RESEEVOIES.
Watershed, 75.2 Square Miles.
The rainfall for 1897 was 44.89 inches at Framingham and
46.17 inches at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir. The mean rainfall
on the Suclbury-river water-shed, from observations taken at
Framingham Centre and Reservoir No. 4, was 46.19 inches,
which is about the average for a long period. The rainfall
for May, June, July and August was large and very
uniformly distributed. There was but one month during
the whole year when the rainfall was very small, and that
was October, when the gauge at Framingham registered 0.41
of an inch for the month.
The following table shows the average yield of the Sud-
bury-river water-shed for 1875-96 and the yield for 1897 :
Yield of the Sudbury-river Water-shed in millions of gallons
per square mile per day.
Month.
January
February
March
April
May
June
Mean
1875-96.
1897.
1.205
0.845
1.884
- 1.067
2.871
2.565
2.028
1.515
1.112
0.915
0.469
0.962
Water Department.
107
Month.
July
August
September
October
November
December
Mean
Mean
1875-96.
1897.
0.183
0.658
0.276
0.591
0.247
0.182
0.547
0.094
0.937
0.909
1.021
1.584
1.065
0.991
Reservoir 1.
Grades, IT. W.. 160.79; Tops of Flash-boards, 159.29 and 158.41; Crest of Bam,
157.54. Area, Water Surface at 159.29, 143 acres ; Greatest depth, 15 ft. ;
Contents, below 160.79, 365,560,000; below 159.29, 288,400,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, water in this reservoir stood at ele-
vation 156.37. The surface rose, and on the 8th, 9th and
10th, water was wasted over the stone crest of the dam. It
soon receded, however, to 156.00, remaining at this level
until about March 6, when it rose rapidly, and on the 7th
began wasting over the crest. Waste continued until April
2, when both sets of flash-boards were placed in position. On
April 8 waste took place over the flash-boards and continued
through the gates and over the flash-boards until the 21st.
The reservoir remained practically full, with waste occurring
at times, until August 3. On August 4 a gate was opened
to draw the water out of the reservoir in order to allow the
Metropolitan Water Board to prepare for the laying of a
new 48-inch main from Reservoir No. 3 to Sudbury Aque-
duct below Dam No. 1. The water in the reservoir was
lowered to about elevation 148.00, where it remained until
the latter part of November. In December the reservoir was
allowed to fill, reaching grade 156.75 on December 31.
The highest elevation reached during the year was 159.66
on June 10, and the lowest 145.90 on September 16.
Both sets of flash-boards were placed in position on January
18 ; they were removed on February 2, replaced on April 2,
and finally removed on August 16.
Water was not drawn wholly from this reservoir for the
supply of the city during the year. It was drawn partially
from this reservoir and from Reservoir No. 2 from 7 A.M.,
January 1, to 10.40 A.M., May 27, and from 7 A.M., August
3, to 12 M., August 4. It was drawn partly from this reser-
voir and partly from Reservoir No. 3 from 7 A.M., July 30,
to 7 A.M., July 31.
108 City Document No. 37.
When the reservoir was emptied in the autumn the joints
in the stone masonry overflow and in the wing-wall of the
overflow and on the side of the gate-house were all thoroughly-
pointed. The masonry in the gate-house and in the wing-
wall of the gate-house on the side next to the reservoir were
also pointed where necessary.
The slope paving in front of and adjacent to the overflow
was taken out in order to allow the joints of the crest stones
at the back of the dam to be thoroughly pointed. Advan-
tage was also taken of the low water to calk five joints in
the 48-inch pipe from Dam No. 2, and two joints in the 48-
inch pipe from Dam No. 3, where there were leaks. One
joint was found from which the lead was partially drawn out
and this was thoroughly recalked. About 300 feet of the
48-inch pipe from Dam No. 3, from which the covering had
been washed away, was recovered to an average depth of two
feet. The 48-inch pipes have been flushed into the river be-
low Dam No. 1 once during the year.
Reservoir 2.
Grades, H. W., 167.87; Tops of Flash-hoards, 167.12 and 166.49; Crest of Dam;
165.S7. Area, Water Surface, at 167.87, 134 acres; Greatest Dentil, 17 ft.,
Contents, below 167.87, 562,580,000; below 167.12, 529,860,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of the water in this
reservoir stood at elevation 162.63, and on the 12th at
165.72. It gradually receded to 160.35 on February 7. It
soon rose again, however, and remained at about 162.50 until
March 3 when it rose rapidly.
Both sets of flash-boards were placed in position on March
6, and on the 7th waste began over the tops of the flash-
boards. On April 22 an extra set of flash-boards was put in
place on top of the regular sets in order to store as much
water as possible for the supply of the city. The water rose
to 167.88 on April 30, remaining at about this grade until
May 27, when it gradually receded to 164.85 on June 9,
rising to 167.98 on June 14. By September 3 the water had
fallen to 163.05. It was kept between 162.75 and 163.00
on an average until November 12 by drawing, as occasion
required, from Reservoirs Nos. 4, 6 and 8. The water then
rose to 164.85 on December 8, remaining at about this height
until December 15, when it rose and overflowed the lower
set of flash-boards on December 16 and continued to over-
flow until the 26th, the flash-boards being removed on the
28th and 29th. Waste continued over the stone crest, and
on December 31 the water stood at elevation 166.03 with
waste still continuing.
Water Department. 109
The highest elevation that the water in the reservoir
reached during the year was 168.09 on May 6, and the low-
est 160.35 on February 7.
The lowest set of flash-boards was placed in position on
March 5, and the upper set on the 6th, and one-half of an
extra set was placed on top of the regular flash-boards on
April 16, and the remaining half of the additional set was
placed in position on the 21st and 22d. All the flash-
boards were removed on October 31 in order to point the
joints of the stone crest. The lower set was replaced on
November 6. On December 28 three bays of the lower set
were removed and the remainder on the 29th.
Water for the supply of the city was drawn wholly from
this reservoir from 10.40 A.M., May 27, to 11 A.M., July 13 ;
from 7 P.M., November 6, to 10 A.M., November 10 ; from
11 A.M., November 12, to 11 A.M., December 2, and from
11 A.M., December 9, to 12 M., December 27. The water
was drawn partly from this reservoir and partly from Reser-
voir No. 3 from 11 A.M., July 13, to 7 A.M., July 30 ; from
7 A.M., July 31, to 7 A.M., August 3 ; from 12 M., August
4, to 3 P.M., October 24 ; from 11 A.M., October 26, to 7
P.M., November 6 ; from 10 A.M., November 10, to 11 A.M.,
November 12 ; from 11 A.M., December 2, to 11 A.M., Dec.
9, and from 12 M., December 28, to the end of the year.
Water was drawn partly from this reservoir and partly from
Reservoir No. 1, as already given under Reservoir No. 1.
While Reservoir No. 1 was emptying in the autumn all of
the joints of the crest stones of the overflow of Reservoir
No. 2, and all the horizontal and vertical joints of the first
three courses below the crest stones in the face of the over-
flow were thoroughly cut out and pointed with Portland
cement mortar. The remainder of the joints in the masonry
on the face of the overflow and also the joints in part of the
wing wall of the overflow, and on that side of the gate-house
facing the overflow, and below high water in Reservoir No.
1, were repointecl. Some repairs at the same time were made
upon the paving on the embankments of the dam, and about
1,600 feet of fence on Fountain street was built and painted.
The average number of organisms present for the year was
140 against 95 for 1896. The usual spring growth of
Diatomacese was practically absent. The autumn growth
commenced late in August, reached a maximum of 240 on
September 9, and decreased throughout the remainder of the
year. The growth of Chlorophycese commenced in July,
reached a maximum of 120 units on July 27, and disappeared
early in October. Cyanophycese were unimportant except
110 City Document No. 37.
during August and September when the growth consisted
mainly of Anabsena and Clathrocystis, and reached a maxi-
mum of 480 units on August 12. Infusoria were present in
small numbers throughout the year. The maximum growth,
consisting almost entirely of Uroglena, occurred on May 18,
and amounted to 4.00 units per c.c.
Reservoir 3.
Grades, IT. W., 176.74; Crest of Dam, 175.24.
Area at 170.74, 253 acres; Contents, below 176.74, 1,203,180,000 gals.
Area at 175.24, 248 acres ; Contents, beloiv 175.24, 1,081,500,000 gals.
Greatest depth, 21 feet.
On January 1, 1897, water in this reservoir stood at grade
174.82. On the 5th it rose to the stone crest and began flow-
ing over the dam. It ceased overflowing on the 18th, but rose
and fell alternately until March 13, and then continued to
rise until April 1, when one set of flash-boards was placed
on the crest. On April 20 a second set of flash-boards was
placed in position and water wasted over the top of this set
until August 1, after which time the surface receded to
168.80 on September 23. On the 27th it rose to 169.19 and
was kept at about 169.25 by drawing from Reservoir No. 5
until November 7 ; then it gradually rose to 170.55 on the
27th. It was at grade 174.74 on December 31.
The highest elevation that the water in the reservoir
reached during the year was 176.80 on July 2, and the low-
est 168.80 on September 23.
The first set of flash-boards was placed in position on the
stone crest on April 1, one-half of the second set on the 17th,
and the other half on the 20th. All the flash-boards were
removed on December 11. The top of the first set of flash-
boards is at elevation 175.86, and the top of the second set
at elevation 176.50.
Water for the supply of the city was drawn wholly from
this reservoir from 5.40 P.M., October 25, to 11 A.M., Octo-
ber 26. Water was drawn partly from this reservoir and
partly from Reservoirs Nos. 1 and 2 on dates already given.
In order to increase temporarily the storage capacity of
Reservoir No. 3, pin-holes were drilled in the stone crest and
iron pins fixed hi position to hold flash-boards. This work
was done early in the spring.
The average number of organisms for the -year was 859
against 506 for 1896. The spring growth of Diatomacese
commenced about the first of April, reached a maximum of
2,096 units per c.c. on June 30, and decreased during July.
These organisms were present in large numbers again from
Water Department. Ill
the first of October to the end of the year. Chlorophycese
were present in moderate numbers from May until the end
of the year. The maximum of 90 units per c.c. was reached
on August 25. Cyanophycese appeared in April and were
abundant in June. The growth increased after July 15,
reached a maximum of 640 units on September 15, and dis-
appeared about the first of December. The growth consisted
of Clathrocystis, Coelosphaerium, Microcystis and Anabsena
Infusoria were present hi large numbers throughout the
year. Uroglena constituted almost entirely the large growth
which extended from May 19 to July 7, and which reached a
maximum of 4,515 units.
Reservoir 4.
Grades, H. W., 215.21; Tops of Flash-boards, 216.21 and 214.89.; Crest of Dam,
214.21.
Area, Water Surface, at 215.21,167 Acres; Greatest Depth, 49 feet; Contents, be-
low 215.21, 1,416,350,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of the water in this
reservoir was at elevation 195.11. It rose to 213.90 on April
2, when both sets of flash-boards were placed in position. It
continued to rise, and on April 10 water was flowing over
the tops of the flash-boards and continued to overflow, por-
tions of the upper set of flash-boards being removed from
time to time to prevent the water in the reservoir from rising
too high. On July 1 a gate was opened to draw water into
Reservoir No. 2. The surface had fallen to 208.24 on July
23 when the gate was closed. The surface then rose to
210.31 on September 5, when the gate was opened again. It
then receded, with slight rises at times as the gate was opened
and closed, reaching grade 200.96 on November 2, when the
gate was finally closed for the year, except for one day at the
last of the month. The surface stood at elevation 209.98 on
December 31.
The highest elevation reached during the year was 215.51
on May 12, and the lowest, 195.11 on January 1.
Both sets of flash-boards were placed in position on April
2, and on July 13 the flash-boards were removed.
For several years it has been noticed that the berm at the
foot of the slope paving, on the water side of the embank-
ment, was gradually disappearing, and at places was lowered
by the action of the ice and waves. Accordingly, when the
water was lowered sufficiently in the autumn, a large quantity
of stone was brought on rafts to the berm and put in place,
and its width and grade restored. This work was completed
from the overflow to a point 300 feet west of the gate-house,
112 City Document No. 37.
a distance of about 650 feet. More of this work must be
done as occasion allows.
The stone masonry at the outlet of the two 48-inch pipes
was pointed during the autumn. The gate-house was pro-
vided with a new door.
Work on the Cold-spring brook channel near Main street,
which was hi progress at the beginning of the year, was
finished about March 1. The abutments of the bridge over
the channel at Main street were entirely rebuilt from the
foundations, a difficult work on account of quicksand. Their
lower portions were laid in cement mortar and their upper
portions were pointed only. A new bridge of wood was
built across the stream.
The average number of organisms for the year was 90
against 103 for 1896. The organisms throughout the year
were small. The spring growth of Diatomacese commenced
in the middle of May, reached a maximum hi the middle
of June, and disappeared July 6. The autumn growth
commenced in October and continued throughout the year.
Chlorophycese were present from May until the end of
November. They were most abundant during August and
September, when they reached a maximum of 80 units.
Cyanophycese growths were unimportant. Infusoria were
present in small numbers throughout the year. A growth
of Uroglena amounted to 400 units in the surface sample on
April 6.
Reservoir 5.
Grades, H. W., 250.00 ; Top of Stone Crest, 249.00. Estimated Area 1,258 acres;
Estimated Contents, 7,609,000,000 gals.
The construction of this reservoir was begun by the city
of Boston, but it was seized by the Metropolitan Water Board
on January 4, 1896. While the construction of this reservoir
is hi the hands of the Metropolitan Water Board, the water
has been considered by common consent to be under the con-
trol of the city of Boston.
Owing to the completion of the sections in the lower por-
tion of the reservoir, 1,700,000,000 gallons were stored
during the winter and spring of 1896-97 for a reserve for the
use of the city. The reservoir was filled to a pohit within 16
feet of the top of the overflow, but owing to the ample rain-
fall it became necessary to use only a small portion of the
water during the past year. The reservoir has been practi-
cally completed and will be filled to the overflow by April,
1898.
Water Department. 113
The average number of organisms for the year was 149.
The spring growth of Diatomacese commenced April 12,
reached a maximum of 180 units on May 17, and disappeared
the first of June. The autumn growth commenced September
22, reached a maximum of 460 units on October 27, and de-
creased to the end of the year. The most important form was
Asterionella. Chlorophycese appeared April 12 and con-
tinued in small numbers throughout the year. The maximum
of 70 units was reached in April. Gonium has been a char-
acteristic form. Cyanophycese appeared August 11, reached
a maximum of 230 on August 18, after which they decreased
rapidly and remained only in small numbers during the
remainder of the year. Infusoria were present in small
numbers throughout the year. During April and May
they were present to the extent of about 100 units. The
amorphous matter was very high from the time the samples
were first collected until the middle of May, on account of
filling the reservoir.
Reservoir 6.
Grades, H. W., 295.00; Tops of Flash-boards, 304.67 and 305.00; Crest of Bam,
294.00; Area, 185 acres; Contents, 1,520,900,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of the water in this
reservoir was at elevation 266.42. It gradually rose to
294.00 on May 16, when the first set of flash-boards was put
in position. The second set was added on the 19th. On
June 7 water began to waste over the flash-boards and con-
tinued to overflow until July 3, when an outlet gate was
opened. From this date until October 7 the water was kept
just below the top of the flash-boards, by wasting on Sunday
into the brook, which was found not to interfere with the
work on the new channel. After October 7, work in the
new channel being finished, the gate was kept open nearly
all the time, and water fell from 294.77 on the 7th to 291.62
on November 4. On December 13 the gates were finally
closed, and at that time the water stood at 292.12. The
water then rose, and both sets of flash-boards having been
removed it began to flow over the stone crest on December
16, and continued to overflow until the end of the year.
The highest elevation reached during the year was 295.32,
on June 12, and the lowest, 266.33, on January 2.
Owing to the presence of Clathrocystis in this reservoir,
all of the supply which was drawn for the city from the
first week in August to November 27 was filtered through
filter-beds Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 for the purpose of removing
algse.
114 City Document No. 37.
On account of the work of excavation on Indian-brook
channel, and the presence of algse in the water, this reservoir
was not lowered during the year as much as usual.
Early in the season a line of bench levels was run between
Dam No. 6 and the permanent bench-marks on the line of
Sudbury river. The connection which had previously been
made with less precaution to ensure minute accuracy, was
proved to be correct.
For several years the city has been compelled to pay
damages to Mrs. Levina K. Howes for flooding her land,
which lies on both sides of Indian brook, when water was
being drawn from the reservoir. This flooding could only be
prevented by excavating a capacious channel through her
land, and extending it a few hundred feet further through
land of Emma E. Bowker to the falls. No arrangement
could be made with Mrs. Bowker for her land, and accord-
ingly a seizure was made of 2.75 acres.
On July 6 a day force was placed on this work, and con-
tinued until October 1. For a length of 950 feet a recti-
fied channel was excavated, 14 feet in width at bottom, with
side slopes of 3 horizontal to 1 vertical, having a capacity of
100 cubic feet per second when the water is a foot below the
surface of the meadow. The next 200 feet or more of channel
was through a mass of boulders, and its section was made 20
feet wide at bottom with very steep side slopes. For 380 feet
further down stream the old bed of the brook was enlarged
and deepened by removing boulders and stones. At Cross-
street bridge it was intended to widen and deepen the channel
and build new abutments for the bridge, but the selectmen
of Ashland insisted that the city should build a stone arch.
The plan was therefore changed, and the channel was
deepened temporarily by building a wooden flume between
the abutments.
In September a small force was employed on improving the
grounds at the south end of the dam and near the attendant's
house. The work was not entirely finished.
While the filter beds were in use during the autumn the
water on Bed No. 1 almost disappeared at one time, and it
was found that the wall of an old cellar, which was just
below the surface of the bed and which extended under the
edge of the outside embankment, was acting as a blind drain.
This wall which was about 3 feet deep and 24 feet long, was
removed and the hole filled with gravel. •
The average number of organisms for the year was 536
against 137 for 1896. Diatomacese appeared in June, and
continued in moderate numbers throughout the year. Chlo-
Water Department. 115
rophycese appeared in April, and continned in small numbers
throughout the year. Cyanophycese mainly Clathrocystis,
appeared in large numbers on July 27, reached a maximum of
2,630 on October 12, and decreased during the remainder
of the year. Infusoria were present throughout the year,
but were unimportant except from April to June and during
August and September.
Reservoir 8.
Grades, H. W., 327.91; Bottom of Gates, 317.78.
Area at 327.91, 601 acres ; Contents, between 327.91 and 317.78, 1,256,900,000
gals.
H. W. of temporary Dam., 329.91 ; Contents at 329.91, 1,654,800,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of the water in this reser-
voir stood at elevation 324.77 or 3.14 feet below old high
water. On February 2 it reached grade 325.45, when the
outlet gate was opened to lower the water for aiding work on
the coffer-dam. The water fell to 325.29 on March 4 when
the gate was closed. The water then rose to 328.66 on
July 8, when the gate was opened again to feed Reservoir
No. 2. The water rose and fell alternately, remaining gen-
erally at about grade 326.50 until December 31, when it
stood at 326.43.
The highest elevation reached during the year was 328.76
on June 15, 20 and 21, and the lowest 324.77 on January 1
and 2.
The work of increasing the storage of this reservoir was
alluded to in the last annual report. It was commenced on
December 28, 1896, by the driving of sheeting at the site of
the dike.
On account of the fact that the completion of Reservoir
No. 5 had been unavoidably delayed, it was necessary to store
as much water as possible at other points on the works, and
it was decided to raise the level of the pond two feet by the
construction of another dam and a dike and other work con-
nected therewith. Work on the dike was finished on March
4, 1897. The raising of a road, including the building of a
culvert, was begun on January 22, and finished on February
23. The building of the coffer-dam, just above the site of
the old dam, was begun on January 15 and finished March
18. The work of erecting this coffer-dam was very difficult
on account of the presence of a large quantity of boulders
at the bottom of the reservoir, makmg it difficult to drive the
4-inch sheeting. A great many of the boulders had to be
removed, and some were blown out with dynamite before the
sheeting could be driven. The coffer-dam was internally
116 City Document No. 37.
braced and filled with earth. The raising of the water
line two feet flooded quite an amount of land which was
covered with brush and trees. Arrangements were made
with the various owners of the land bordering on the reser-
voir to remove the timber, and in consideration of their tak-
ing the wood they were obliged to remove the brush. From
June 1 to July 3 men were employed in clearing away the
rubbish, filling cellars and grading grounds on the site of the
Wood shoe factory and of the houses bought by the city on
Exchange street.
The bulkhead and gates in the outlet flume of the reser-
voir, which were old and weak, were removed, and a new
bulkhead and gates built and put in place.
In July the overflow of the first mill-pond below Reservoir
No. 8 was thoroughly rebuilt and a new gate erected at the
entrance to the waste pipe.
The average number of organisms at the dam was 386, on
the shallow portions of the reservoir 341, and at the up-
per 241. Diatomacese were present in small numbers
throughout the year. Chlorophycese have been most abund-
ant in the shallow flowage, especially during February,
April, May, September and October. With the exception of
a single sample, taken during February, which contained
1,020 units of Gloescystis, the maximum was 200 units.
Cyanophycese were present in considerable quantity near
the dam, especially during June, September and October.
Infusoria have been present at various times in large num-
bers at all parts of the pond. A growth of Mallomonas
occurred during August at some depth below the surface in the
upper pond, and reached a maximum of 2,209 units. In the
shallow portion Infusoria were abundant during February
and again during May, when they reached a maximum of 900
units ; Uroglena were present during September and Octo-
ber, and reached a maximum of 1,200 units on October 11.
At the dam, Infusoria were abundant during March and
April and the first part of May ; Uroglena appeared about
September 20, reached a maximum of 2,012 on October 11,
and disappeared during November.
Faem Pond.
Grades, H. W., 149.25; Low Water, 146.00. *
Area at 149.25, 159 acres ; Contents, betiveen 149.25 and 146.00, 167,520,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water in this pond stood at eleva-
tion 148.78, on March 25 at 149.40, and was kept at about
149.00 until September 11.
Water Depabtment. 117
The highest elevation reached during the year was 149.50
on April 16 to 22 inclusive, and the lowest 147.84 on Decem-
ber 1.
No water has been drawn from this pond for the supply of
the city. Owing to the fact that the flow of 1,500,000 gal-
lons, which is required by law to be wasted into the river
every day, could not be drawn from Reservoir No. 1 while
the trench for the 48-inch pipe was being sunk into the bed
of the stream just below Dam No. 1 by the Metropolitan
Water Board, arrangement was made to draw this amount of
water from Farm pond from September 14 to December 1.
Owing to this draught, the pond fell to 147.88, on Octo-
ber 24 and 147.84 on December 1. The pond was par-
tially refilled after the above dates by water drawn from
Reservoirs Nos. 2 and 3. On December 31 the pond stood at
grade 148.70.
The Framingham Water Company has pumped 117,600,000
gallons during the year, an average of 322,192 gallons daily.
The total waste into the river from Farm pond during the
year was 117,200,000 gallons.
During the autumn the coping stones at the entrance to
Farm-pond sluice were anchored by iron rods to timbers laid
in concrete, to prevent them from being moved by ice.
Lake Cochittjate.
Grades, H. W., 134.36; Invert of Aqueduct, 121.03; Top of Aqueduct, 127.86.
Area, Water Surface at 134.36, about 776 acres.
Contents, between 134.36 and 127.36, 1,508 300,000 ; between 134.36 and 125.00,
1,908,200,000 gals.
Approximate Contents, between 134.36 and 121.03, 2,447,000,000 gals. ; between 134.36
and 117.03, 2,907,000,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water in the lake stood at eleva-
tion 127.43, or 6.93 feet below high water mark. By drafts
from the Sudbury source the water was raised to 134.35 on
April 10. Between April 11 and 16 the waste gate at the
dam was opened to prevent the water rising too far. From
April 16 to June 27 the water was maintained above eleva-
tion 134.00 ; it then receded gradually, with slight gains at
times due to drafts from the Sudbury source, dropping to
129.42 on November 1. It then rose slightly, but remained
below 130.00 until December 15, after which it rose quite
rapidly for a time, and was at 130.84 on December 31.
The total waste from the lake at the outlet was
117,000,000 gallons, all during the month of April.
118
City Document No. 37.
The following table shows the amounts of water drawn
into the lake from the Sudbury reservoirs during the year :
Gallons.
January
210,500,000
February
4,000,000
March
462,200,000
April .
31,500,000
May .
9,700,000
July .
66,200,000
August
163,900,000
Total
948,000,000
Owing to the widening of the Boston & Albany Railroad in
1896 a large mud bank was formed on the northerly side of
the railroad, reaching within a few feet of high water mark.
This mud bank was covered with four inches of clean, coarse
gravel in the month of January.
The average number of organisms in the lake water for
the year was 698, against 569 in 1896. The spring growth
of Diatomacese was large and long continued, extending from
April to July. It reached a maximum of 710 on June 15,
which was considerably later than usual, owing to the colder
spring weather. They were not abundant again until the
appearance of the autumn growth about the first of Octo-
ber, continuing until the end of the year. The spring
growth consisted mainly of Tabellaria, and the autumn
growth of Tabellaria, Melosira and Asterionella. There have
been no growths of Chlorophyceee of any importance. They
were present in January and February and reappeared on
the first of June, the maximum autumn growth amounting
to 575 on October 25, which consisted of Aphanizomenon.
Infusoria were present in considerable numbers throughout
the year. They were particularly abundant during January,
April and the autumn months. The general forms were
Synura, Glenodinium and Dinobryon. Crenothrix was
present at the bottom as usual throughout the year. It was
present at the surface about the first of April and at the time
of the overturn about the middle of November.
The Pegan filters have been in use almost continuously
during the year. The following table shows the total
number of gallons pumped and the amount delivered to each
bed:
Water Department.
119
CO
ft
S
pi
Pn
CO .
>>a
&■"
<■_, CD
of*
to
Amount of Water
Pumped.
Amount of Water delivered
on Beds.
1897.
Month.
Total for
Month.
Average
for each
Day
Pumps ran.
Gallons.
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
Gallons.
Galloti8.
Gallons.
Gallons.
Gallons.
January . . .
February ..
March
July
September .
October
November .
December. .
31
27
29
30
30
28
23
19
14
9
20
26
24,106,000
24,008,000
28,447,000
26,827,000
22,615,000
23,036,000
16,330,000
16,654,000
12,506,000
7,808,000
18,630,000
28,998,000
777,600
S89.200
980,900
894,200
753,800
822,700
710,000
876,500
893,300
867,600
931,500
1,115,300
8,700,000
6,609,000
7,808,000
1,231,000
6,772,000
6,804,000
356,000
5,022,000
3,791,000
4,471,000
940,000
1,620,000
10,3S4,000
13,608,000
14,742,000
3,499,000
11,178,000
1,426,000
21,157,000
3,045,000
16,232,000
11,243,000
4,731,000
16,654,000
12,506,000
7,808,000
2,462,000
7,841,000
1,037,000
4,018,000
15,131,000
8,586,000
8,553,000
For year. ..
2S6
249,965,000
874,000
48,583,000
20,899,000
73,240,000
107,243,000
The total amount of coal used during the year was 282,030
pounds ; 886.3 gallons were pumped per pound of coal.
All of the water of Pegan brook was filtered during the
year and none ran over the waste way. The area available
for filtration was much reduced by the new location of the
Boston & Albany Railroad, which passed through the filter
beds, and it was found impossible to stop the flow upon any
bed long enough to clean it. It is also necessary to main-
tain a greater depth of water upon the beds than was origi-
nally intended. By an arrangement with the Boston &
Albany Railroad, water was pumped on to a large area of
land west of Bed No. 3 and between the old and new loca-
tions of the railroad, and on March 30 water was delivered
on to this area, which has been used from time to time as
convenience required. This area is designated in the table
as Bed No. 4. Surveys, plans and estimates have been made
for a new bed to restore the capacity lost by the new location
of the Boston & Albany Railroad.
120
City Document No. 37.
The following is a statement of land taken by the Boston
& Albany Railroad :
Land east of filter beds, formerly owned by David M.
Whitney, 48,800 square feet.
Remaining area east of filter beds, formerly owned by
Willard C. Childs, 52,370 square feet.
Area across filter beds, 42,900 square feet.
Area west of filter beds to Lake Cochituate, 32,775 square
feet.
Total, 176,845 square feet.
Feeders of Lake Cochituate.
Means of Monthly Observations (1897).
a3
rt
QQ
C3
s
2
o
d
a> sh
a
p<
H
O
o
s
"5
H
O
o
<!
P
51.1°
1.12
313
215
446
Beaver Dam brook (last culvert) . . .
52.6
1.02
97
291
387
53.3
1.00
126
167
339
53.1
0.21
889
219
383
52.5
53.3
1.01
0.18
182
146
215
320
464
2,096
52.6
0.71
78
362
1,375
1 Standard units per c.c.
2 Number per c.c.
Dudley Pond.
Grades, H. W., 146.46; 18-inch Pipe, 130.36 and 127.36.
Area, Water Surface, 81 acres; Greatest Depth, 27 feet; Contents, above 130.36,
250,000,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, water in this pond stood at an eleva-
tion of 143.16, 3.3 feet below high water mark, and on De-
cember 31 it was at grade 143.24. No water has been
drawn from the pond during the year.
SUDBUEY-RlVER AQUEDUCT.
Grades, 141.35 at Farm Pond; 124.05 at Terminal Gate-House.
Length of main aqueduct, 15.89 miles ; size, 7 ft. 8 in. x" 9 ft.; present capacity,
86,000,000 gals, in 24 hours.
The three parts of this aqueduct are in good condition.
The main aqueduct has been in use 354.2 days, and the sup-
ply aqueduct from Dam No. 1 to Farm pond 356.9 days, as
it was necessary to run water into Farm pond several times
Watee Department. 121
while drawing the daily flow of 1,500,000 gallons from that
pond. The flow in the aqueduct has been stopped for clean-
ing, and to put in and remove the coffer dam in the supply
aqueduct at the entrance of the chamber at the end of the new
48-inch main at Reservoir No. 1, on account of the Metro-
politan Water Works ; it has also been stopped for purpose
of making preparations for cleaning the southerly pipe at the
Rosemary siphon ; in all, twelve times during the year.
The amount of water sent to the city has been 15,451,-
100,000 gallons, a daily average of 43,332,000 gallons. In
addition to the above, 948,000,000 gallons have been supplied
to Lake Cochituate.
At the Rosemary siphon, between August 31 and Septem-
ber 3, the tubercles were carefully removed from the interior
of the southerly 48-inch main. The pipe had been in use
about twenty-one years. The inside surface was about half
covered with tubercles. These were carefully scraped off
with special wooden tools, so as to not injure the tar coating
under the tubercles. Fifteen cubic feet of tubercles were
wheeled out, and the pipe carefully washed and brushed.
Fifteen men were employed for four days in cleaning the
pipe, which is 1,800 feet in length. Eighteen joints were
pointed with Portland cement, mixed with one part of sand.
They were from one to two inches in width and 1| inches in
depth.
On October 11, Course brook waste-weir, the Rockland
tunnel, Badger Hill tunnel, Waban bridge and Bacon's and
Fuller's waste-weirs were cleaned. They were all covered
with a dirty, black deposit, and a large quantity of sponge
was removed from the bottoms of the tunnels.
The supply and Farm-pond aqueducts were cleaned twice
by machine, on April 28 and September 30. The main
aqueduct was cleaned by machine from Farm pond to the
west siphon chamber on October 25 and 26. The length
was 10.25 miles. The aqueduct was very dirty and cov-
ered with a black deposit. A large amount of sponge
was found on the bottom and sides, extending to a level
about one foot above the skew-back. The easterly part
of the aqueduct could not be cleaned at this time, owing to
work which the city of Newton was carrying on below
Clark's waste-weir.
On December 28 the Beacon-street tunnel was carefully
examined for its entire length. No fallen stone was found
except about three cubic feet at Station 783 + 50, in the slate
section, and one cubic foot at Station 789 + 25.
122 City Document No. 37.
The old flap-gates at the east siphon chamber were re-
placed with new ones of kyanized spruce.
Cochituate Aqueduct.
Grades, 121.03 at Lake; 116.77 at Brookline Reservoir.
Length, 14.60 miles ; Size, 5 ft. x6 ft. 4 in.; Capacity, 16,000,000 gals, in 24 hours.
This aqueduct has been in constant use during the year,
except from 5 P.M., April 11, to 5 A.M., April 15, when the
flow was stopped for cleaning. The aqueduct was cleaned
at this time from Lake Cochituate to the influent gate-house
at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir. From the lake to Station 130
the interior was covered with large patches of sponge and
a great quantity of black deposit ; this section had to be
washed twice. From the siphon at Charles-river bridge east-
erly the sponge gradually diminished. On October 21 and
22 the portion of the aqueduct from the intermediate gate-
house to the Brookline Reservoir was cleaned. On December
14 two new galvanized-iron gate-rods were put into Webbers's
waste-weir. A depth of six and one-half feet at the lake has
been maintained hi the aqueduct throughout the year, except
for the first five days in January, when the lake was not
high enough to furnish this flow.
In May the city of Newton laid a sewer-pipe over the
aqueduct in the Newton Boulevard near Chestnut-Hill
Reservoir. The pipe was ten inches in diameter and thirty-
six feet in length, with leaded joints, with a sub-drain four
niches hi diameter. The pipes were encased in Portland
cement concrete, ten inches in thickness, to prevent any pos-
sible leakage into the aqueduct.
The leakage at Waban bridge has been the same as hi pre-
vious years. The frequent freezings and thawings have acted
upon the cement joints in the masonry on the exterior, and
also on the interior below the bottom of the aqueduct. It
will be necessary during the coming year to point the granite
belting courses and the exterior of the brickwork. The
asphalt covering also requires to be renewed.
The granite belting courses on the Charles-river bridge
need repointing ; also portions of the granite-work on the
north and south sides of the structure. Some of the external
brickwork also needs repairing. At the top of the pilasters
the bricks are cracked, and portions are falling out. The con-
crete on top of the bridge also should be renewed.
The following repairs have been made during the year :
Bacon's and Fuller's waste-weirs were scraped, pointed and
painted with asphalt paint by the aqueduct force ; a con-
Water Department. 123
siderable amount of fencing has been built, and the whole
extent of the line has been mowed from South Framingham
to Newton Centre ; the culverts have been kept in good order,
and the channels leading to and from them cleaned out.
Chestnut-Hill Reservoir.
Grades, H. W., 124.00; Dam, 128; Effluent pipes, 99.80.
Area, Lawrence Basin, 37.5 acres; Contents, 186,000,000 gals.; Area, Bradlee
Basin, 87.5 aa'es ; Contents, 391,000,000 gals.
Total Contents above grade, 100.00, 557,000,000, gals.
In November the Metropolitan Water Board began the lay-
ing of two lines of 48-inch pipes through the grounds on the
southerly side of the Bradlee basin. During the summer a
road was constructed from Commonwealth avenue to the
reservoir driveway, through the old right-of-way known as
Brown's lane. The street was built by representatives of
Margaret Wade, and was constructed on the lines given by
the Street Laymg-Out Department. As it was extremely
undesirable that a road should enter the driveway, a fence
was built across the end of the road, and although the owners
of the land threatened to remove the fence this was not
done. Later, plans were prepared for the taking of the land
necessary to protect the driveway at this point. The drive-
way entering Commonwealth avenue on the north-west side of
the Lawrence basin was closed to travel during the year
owing to the danger threatening bicyclists at this point. The
driveways and buildings have been properly cared for during
the year, but the large amount of new work upon which the
Metropolitan Water Board is entering has made more or less
confusion in different portions of the grounds, especially east
of the pumping station. Late in the autumn the carriage
shed at the westerly end of the pumping station and the
shrubbery surrounding the station were removed preparatory
to the construction of the extension of the pumping station
by the Metropolitan Water Board.
The area of water works' land taken by the Street De-
partment for the extension of Commonwealth avenue was
ascertained to be 104,528 square feet. The extension of
this boulevard was referred to in the last annual report.
In March some experiments were made under my direc-
tion by Mr. Charles W. Sherman, Assistant Engineer, on
losses of head due to friction in the 30-inch force main.
The velocities ranged from 0.75 to 5.1 feet per second. The
pipe was laid in 1887, and its length is 5,740 feet. The quan-
tity of water flowing was measured over the 5-foot weir at
Fisher Hill. The losses of head were determined by the
124
City Document No. 37.
readings of piezometer gauges placed on the pipes. The
coefficient c in the Chezy formula v = c (RS)* was found
to be 103 + , corresponding to Kutter's coefficient for rough-
ness n = .0133.
At the same time a single experiment was made on the
36-inch pipe, which showed its condition to be about the same
as at the time of the test made last year. The following
table gives the results of the several experiments on both
pipes :
Pipe.
Date of
Experiment.
c.
n.
30-inch pipe 5,740 feet long laid in 1887
1888
1897
Ill
1103
.0124
.0133
36-inch pipe 5,500 feet long laid in 1894
1895
1896
1897
136
1113
2 114
.0107
.0125
.0126
i Mean of a series of observations.
2 One experiment.
It appears that the condition of the 30-inch pipe in 1888,
one year after laying, was about the same as that of the 36-
inch pipe hi 1897, three years after laying. Both of these
pipes were opened by the Metropolitan Water Works in
December, for the purpose of making connections, and an
examination of the pieces taken out showed the interior condi-
tion of the pipes to be quite similar as far as the organic
growth of plant and animal life was concerned. On the 30-
inch pipe the iron tubercles were nearly twice as large as
those on the 36-inch pipe.
It is probable that the rapid deterioration hi the first year or
so after the large mains were laid is due to growths of proto-
zoa, sponge, etc., and the formation of incipient iron tubercles ;
and the subsequent slow increase hi frictional resistance is
due to the growth of the tubercles.
Measuring tapes of steel were tested during the year by
comparison with the standard of length at Chestnut-Hill
Reservoir for the Massachusetts Topographical Survey Com-
mission, the Engineering and Street Laying-Out Departments
of the city of Boston, the Engineering Departments of the
cities of Cambridge and Newton, and. the Metropolitan
Water Works. This work has been done free of charge. A
"Water Department. 125
number of levelling rods have also been tested for the Metro-
politan Water Works.
The number of organisms in the samples collected during
the year at the effluent gate-house averaged 366, against 224
for 1896. The number of organism, in the samples collected
during ten months from the surface, mid-depth and bottom of
the middle of the reservoir, averaged 373, against 245 for a
period of nine months during 1896. Diatomacese ap-
peared during the last of April, reached a maximum
of 685 units on June 21, and were present in considerable
numbers throughout the remainder of the year. Chlo-
rophycese were present from April until the middle of Decem-
ber. They reached a maximum of 70 units on July 23.
Cyanophycese appeared during the last of May, and con-
tinued throughout the remainder of the year. The maxi-
mum growth amounting to 250 units occurred on October
18. Infusoria were present throughout the year, and were
especially abundant during May, June and August. The
maximum growth of 195 units occurred May 1. During
August there was a considerable growth of Synura, which
was unusual, as Synura is generally abundant only hi cold
weather.
Chestnut-Hill Pumping Station.
Two Gaskill rumping Engines, Capacity, 8,000,000 gals, each per day, and
one Leavilt Pumping Engine, Capacity, 20,000,000 gals, per day.
During September, the work on the extension of the pump-
ing station was commenced by the Metropolitan Water
Board preparatory to the installation of the new 30-million-
gallon pumping engine to be furnished by the E. P. Allis
Company of Milwaukee.
The dynamo engine, which was furnished by the lighting
department of the city, was found not to be up to the con-
tract capacity. It was tested by Messrs. Dean and Main.
A new engine was afterwards put in place.
The extensive repairs on Gaskill Engine No. 1 by the
Lockwood Manufacturing Company were completed early in
the present year, and Gaskill Engine No. 2 has been over-
hauled and put into good condition.
During the year stuffing boxes were placed upon the plun-
gers of the pumps connected with the Leavitt engine. It
was found that a considerable amount of water was passing
around the plungers, due to wear on the bottom, which gave
126 City Document No. 37.
a very large slip. The following table shows the decrease
in slip clue to the repairs :
Time.
Speed, Revolutions per Minute.
Slip.
Before repairs . . . . <
After repairs -j
50.3
37. 4
36.8
33.7
6.77 p. c.
8.05 p. c.
3.05 p. c.
4.18 p. c.
The Metropolitan Water Board makes a seizure of this
pumping station on January 1, 1898, and it now passes
into the control of that Board.
Brookline Reservoir.
Grade, H. W., 124.00; Area, 23 acres; Greatest depth, 24 feet; Contents,
115,000,000 gals.
Everything in connection with this reservoir is in good
condition. The Metropolitan Water Board laid a 42-inch
main across the reservoir grounds at the westerly end, and
this work has somewhat disturbed the condition of the
grounds. No special work of maintenance has been done at
this point during the year.
Fisher-Hill Reservoir.
Grades, H. W., 241.00; Pipe inverts, 220.00; Depth, 21 feet; Contents,
15,400,000 above 223.00.
This high service reservoir is in good condition. It was
maintained during the year by the force at Chestnut-Hill
Reservoir. The 10-foot weir at the reservoir was built of
wood and was intended only as a temporary expedient for
measuring the flow from the pumps at the pumping station.
I recommend its removal under proper supervision as soon
as it can conveniently be undertaken.
Inspection of Water Sources.
The following is a summary of the work of the Inspection
of Pollution Department for the year 1897, Mr. John S.
Concannon, Chief Inspector :
Total number of cases inspected :
Old cases 597
New cases . . . . . . , . .2
Total .599
Eliminated during 1897 100
Remaining cases ....... 499
Water Department.
Present condition of all cases :
127
Remedied ......
. 192
Present safe .....
. 291
Seem safe ......
. 4
Suspected . . . .
.4
Unsatisfactory .....
. 8
Cases in which sewer connections were made
There were in Natick ....
" Framingham .
" Westborough .
" Marlborough .
Total
499
29
5
4
7
45
These forty-five sewered cases are included in the 192
remedied cases, and, in the regular order, would not be re-
ported as "Eliminated" until January, 1899.
There are eight unsatisfactory cases, located as follows :
Marlborough
Natick
Cordaville .
Southborough
Westborough
There are four suspected cases, located as follows :
Natick .....*..
Southborough ......
Biological Laboratory.
The laboratory is now under the charge of F. S. Hollis,
Ph.D. During the year 1897, 1,921 microscopical and 1,749
bacteriological examinations of water were made at the labora-
tory. Of the microscopical examinations, 1,675 were of the
regular weekly samples, and 246 were hi connection with
special investigations of the sources of supply. Samples for
bacteriological examination have been taken regularly from
the middle of Chestnut-Hill Reservoir, the gate-houses at
Chestnut Hill Reservoir, tap at Park square in Boston, and
occasionally from the sources of supply. In addition to the
sources before examined, samples have been taken regularly
during the year from Reservoirs Nos. 5 and 8.
128 City Document No. 37.
Special attention has been given, as in former years, to
following the indications obtained from the analyses of the
regular samples and tracing them to their original sources and
studying the causes. As examples may be mentioned the
study of the occurrence of Uroglena in Reservoirs Nos. 3
and 8 of Clathrocystis hi Reservoir No. 6, and of Synura in
Lake Cochituate. No water was drawn from these sources
for use while the growths were abundant.
The degree of turbidity of the water of Reservoir No. 5,
resulting from filling the newly stripped area and from work
still in progress at the upper end, has been studied by means
of frequent series of disc readings. The study of stagna-
tion phenomena has been made by means of the regular
series of temperature observations and color readings taken
at the different sources. Color readings have been taken
frequently as an aid in regulating the flow of water from the
Sudbury and Cochituate aqueducts through the distributing
reservoirs.
Boston Tap Water. — The average number of organisms
for the year was 351 against 182 for 1896. Diatomacese
w^ere present in considerable numbers throughout the year.
They were present to the extent of 953 units in June, and
of 450 units in November. Chlorophycese were unimpor-
tant, but were present throughout the year. Cyanophy-
cese were present throughout the year, except during the
latter part of March and during April. They were most
abundant from July to the end of the year, reaching a maxi-
mum of 500 on August 30. Infusoria were present through-
out the year, amounting to 240 units on April 20, and 225
units on November 16.
Opportunities have occurred during the 3 7 "ear for the ex-
amination of growths in the Sudbury aqueduct, the conduit
leading from Chestnut-Hill Reservoir to Brookline Reservoir,
and the 30-inch and 36-inch mains leading from the Chest-
nut-Hill Reservoir to Fisher-Hill Reservoir. Considerable
information of interest has been gamed by these examina-
tions.
During the year the form heretofore provisionally called
Anabsena (sterile), which is characteristic of Lake Cochituate,
has been definitely identified as Aphanizomenon flos aqua.
This identification was confirmed by Prof. W. G. Farlow.
The following tables give, first, the average condition of
the tap water shown by the chemical analyses made under
the direction of the State Board of Health, and secondly, the
averages of monthly analyses of the sources of supply ; then
follow the biological tables giving the results of these works at
Water Department. 129
the laboratory at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir. Following these
tables are the usual tables of detailed expenditures and of
rainfall.
As nearly all of the works connected with what has been
known as the Western Division of the Boston Water Works
pass to-day into the control of the Metropolitan Water Board,
this is the last report that will be made of these works
under the control of the city of Boston. The undersigned
has had immediate charge of this division for the past
twenty-five years, and has seen the consumption grow from
15,000,000 gallons daily from the Cochituate works in
1872 to 60,000,000 gallons daily from the Sudbury and
Cochituate works in 1898.
Very truly yours,
Desmond FitzGerald,
Gceneral Superintendent.
130
City Document No. 37.
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Temperatures (Fahrenheit), 1897.
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Bacteria, 1897.
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Water Department.
147
Table of Rainfall at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir for Year ending
December 31, 1897.
Date.
to
si
a
h- 1
H
DQ
Duration.
Date.
»
o
a
h- 1
u
CO
Duration.
Jan. 4
" 5
« 17
" 18
" 20
" 21
« 22
" 27
" 28
J 1.26
S 0.32
[ 0.70
0.05
|l.76
Rain.
Snow and
rain.
Snow.
6.00 p.m. to
3.30 p.m.
4.30 p.m to
7.00 a.m.
7.00 p.m. to
3.15 p.m.
8.00 p.m. to 11.30 p.m.
7.00 p.m. to
7.00 p.m.
April 5
" 7
" 8
" 8
" 9
" 15
" 15
" 17
" 26
" 27
0.25
| 0.61
| 1.69
0.26
0.10
0.18
0.04
0.10
Rain.
<(
(c
ci
II
1.30 a.m. to 4.00 p.m.
4.00 p.m. to
1.00 a.m.
6.00 p.m. to
11.30 p.m.
1.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.
4.15 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
11.00 a.m. to 3.30 p.m.
4.00 a.m. to 6.00 a.m.
TotaJ.
4.09
3.45 p.m. to 9.00 p.m.
Feb. 6
5 0.59
0.02
1.26
0.02
0.13
0.77
Rain.
Snow.
ff
Rain and
snow.
Snow.
Rain and
snow.
8.30 p.m. to
5.30 p.m.
9.00 p.m. to 11.00 p.m.
1.00 a.m. to
1.30 a.m.
3.30 a.m. to 9.30 a.m.
12.40 a.m. to 5.00 a.m.
8.00 p.m. to
10.30 a.m.
Total.
3.23
" 7
" 8
" 12
" 13
" 16
" 21
" 22
" 23
May 2
" 3
" 3
" 4
" 10
" 12
" 13
" 13
" 16
" 21
" 25
" 29
" 30
" 31
1 1.00
[0.44
0.64
0.20
0.15
0.25
0.08
0.17
0.93
0.03
| 0.51
Rain.
a
tt
tt
1.00 a.m. to
10.00 a.m.
10.00 p.m. to
4.00 a.m.
4.35 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.
5.30 a.m. to 2.00 p.m.
4.00 a.m. to 9.00 a.m.
3.40 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.
5.00 a.m. to 7.00 a.m.
5.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m.
12.05 a.m. to 5.30 a.m.
3.00 a.m. to 4.00 a.m.
7.45 p.m. to
3.00 p.m.
Total.
2.79
Mar. 1
" 2
" 3
" 5
0.07
[o.is
0.30
0.05
0.15
0.36
U.90
1.07
Snow.
Rain.
Snow and
rain.
Rain.
II
Snow and
rain.
Rain.
d
4.15 p.m. to 11.30 p.m.
9.00 p.m. to
5.00 p.m.
12.30 p.m. to 11.00 p.m.
8.00 a.m. to 11.00 a.m.
1.45 p.m. to 7.30 p.m.
9.50 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.
11.30 p.m.
to
8.30 a.m.
1.00 a.m. to 7.00 p.m.
" 10
Total.
4.40
" 12
" 14
" 19
" 20
" 21
" 24
June 4
" 5
" 9
" 10
" 13
" 15
" 20
S 0.41
[2.14
0.31
0.32
0.27
Rain.
ii
3.45 p.m. to
10.30 a.m.
4.00 a.m. to
6.00 p.m.
2.00 p.m. to 7.00 p.m.
2.45 p.m. to 4.00 p.m.
Total.
3. OS
4.30 a.m. to 8.30 a.m.
148
City Document No. 37.
Table of Rainfall at Chestnut-Hill Reservoir. — Continued.
m
«
Date.
o
a
►1
Duration.
Date.
G
Duration.
M
m
M
CO
June 20
0.05
Rain.
10.30 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
Oct. 12
0.41
Rain.
1.15 p.m. to 5.15 p.m.
" 25
0.10
0.93
«
9.20 a.m. to 10.00 a.m.
2.30 a.m. to 10.15 a.m.
" 21
0.12
"
6.15 a.m. to 4.30 p.m.
" 30
Total.
0.53
Total.
4.53
Nov. 1
\ 2.22
Rain.
1.20 p.m. to.
July 1
0.05
Rain.
7.15 p.m. to 7.30 p.m.
« 2
11.00 p.m.
" 11
0.05
C(
6.00 a.m. to. 11.30 a.m.
" 5
0.06
"
10.00 p.m. to 10.30 p.m.
" 13
0.38
"
12.15 a.m. to 7.00 a.m.
" 8
| 0.72
5.00 p.m. to
" 13
)
5.00 p.m. to
" 9
6.00 p.m.
[0.2S
"
" 14
>
9.30 a.m.
" 11
[2.04
Rain and
snow.
5.00 p.m. to
« 22
1.28
ft
4.20 a.m. to 7.00 p.m.
" 12
)
12.45 p.m.
" 24
0.58
"
2.20 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.
" 15
0.05
Rain.
6.45 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.
" 25
0.02
"
6.30 p.m. to 7.30 p.m.
" 16
}0.31
„
9.30 p.m. to
" 2S
jl.74
II
11.00 p.m. to
i< 17
J
3.00 a.m.
" 29
1
10.10 a.m.
" 19
( 0.25
Snow.
10.45 a.m. to
Total.
4.38
" 20
4.30 p.m.
Aug. 4
0.38
Rain.
4.40 p.m. to 5.05 p.m.
" 22
)
J 0.32
"
10.00 p.m. to
" 4
J 0.73
(i
8.30 p.m. to
" 23
)
7.00 a.m.
" 5
\
11.00 a.m.
" 25
0.04
Rain.
10.00 p.m. to 10.30 p.m.
" 11
0.12
II
2.00 p.m. to 4.45 p. m.
" 27
0.57
<■
3.30 a.m. to 9.15 a.m.
" 11
)
10.00 p.m. to
f 0.06
II
" 29
0.16
"
2.15 p.m. to 6.45 p.m.
" 12
I
11.00 a.m.
)
Total.
6.74
" 15
)
3.45 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
Dec. 3
)
12.45 p.m. to
" 15
j>0.36
II
10.30 p.m. to
« 4
[ 0.05
Snow.
5.30 a.m.
" 16
J
7.30 a.m.
ii 4
)
5.00 p.m. to
" 16
0.14
II
12.20 p.m. to 2.00 p.m.
" 5
[0.37
Rain.
9.45 a.m.
" 18
1.00
"
7.00 p.m. to 10.30 p.m.
<• 7
)
11.45 a.m. to
" 22
0.62
II
5.15 p.m. to 9.15 p.m.
" 8
[0.13
Snow.
5.30 a.m.
« 24
1.27
"
5.00 a.m to 3.30 p.m.
i< 12
0.42
Rain.
8.30 a.m. to 6.00 p.m.
Total.
4.68
« u
\
11.30 a.m. to
Sept. 2
0.67
Rain.
4.00 a.m. to 4.00 p.m.
(2.48
«
" 15
)
2.30 p.m.
" 11
0.15
2.00 p.m. to 2.30 p.m.
ii 17
0.03
«
8.30 p.m. to 11.00 p.m.
" 13
0.34
ii
3.00 p.m. to 5.00 p.m.
" 20
)
7.15 p.m. to
" 16
0.33
"
7.50 p.m. to 10.00 p.m.
" 21
[0.20
Snow.-
10.00 a.m.
" 20
0.98
"
3.20 p.m. to 8.00 p.m.
" 26
0.21
,1
11.20 a.m. to 9.00 p.m.
" 23
)
5.00 p.m. to
[0.67
ii
" 29
0.05
"
9.00 p.m. to 11.30 p.m.
" 24
)
9.30 a.m.
" 31
0.56
Snow and
12.00 noon to 11.45 p.m.
" 26
0.08
"
7.30 p.m. to 8.30 p.m.
rain.
Total.
3.22
Total.
4.50
Note. — TofeJ Rainfall lor the Year, 46.17 inches.
Water Department.
149
APPENDIX C.
REPORT OF THE ENGINEER.
Engineering Department,
City Hall, February 1, 1898.
Hon. John R. Murphy,
Water Commissioner:
Sir: I hereby submit the following report of the work
clone and records kept, during the past year :
Sources of Supply.
The rainfall and quantities collected on the several water-
sheds were as follows :
Sudbury.
Cochituate.
Mystic.
Rainfall, in inches
Rainfall collected, in inches
Daily average yield of water- )
shed, in gallons )
46.190
20.815
74.528,800
44.790
17.052
15,321,100
44.350
17.636
22,566,600
Reservoir No. 1.
Grades, H.W., 160.79; Tops of Flash-boards, 159.29 and 158.41; Crest of Dam
157.54; Area, Water Surface, 143 acres; Greatest Depth, 15 ft.; Contents,
below 160.79, 365.560,000 gals.; Below 159.29, 288,400,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of this reservoir was at
grade 156.37 or 1.17 feet below the crest of the dam; it
remained at about this point until March 1, when the reservoir
began to fill, and on March 7, water was wasting over the
dam, and so continued until April 2, when the flash-boards
were placed in position.
From April 8 to 21, from May 3 to 5, May 15 to 18, May
30 to June 28, July 1 to 7, and from July 13 to August 3,
water wasted over the flash-boards.
On August 16 the flash-boards were removed from the
dam.
150 City Document No. 37.
The water reached its lowest point on September 17, being
at grade 145.90. On January 1, 1898, the water surface
was at grade 157.28. Excepting July 30 and August 3
and 4, no water was drawn from this reservoir after May 27.
Reservoir No. 2.
Grades, H.W., 167.87; Tops of Flash-boards, 167.12 and 166.49; Crest of Dam,
165.87; Area, Water Surface, 134 acres ; Greatest depth, 17 ft. ; Contents be-
low 167.87, 562,580,000 gals.; Below 167.12, 529,860,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface was at grade
162.63, or 3.24 feet below the crest of the dam. On March
6 the flash-boards were placed on the dam, and on March 7
water began to waste over the flash-boards. Waste continued
until May 29, from June 11 to 21 and from July 30 to
August 9.
On October 30 the flash-boards were removed from the
dam.
On December ] , one set of flash-boards was placed on the
dam and removed on December 29. On December 16,
water wasted over flash-boards and after flash-boards were
removed from the dam wasted over dam up to January 1,
1898. This reservoir has been drawn upon for the supply
of the city practically the entire year. Water was run into
reservoir from Reservoirs Nos. 4 and 6 during July ; from
Reservoir No. 4 during September and October, and from
Reservoirs Nos. 4 and 6 during a very few days in November
and December.
Reservoir No. 3.
Grades, H.W., 176.74; Crest of Dam (no Flash-boards), 175.24. Area at 177.00,
253 acres; Contents below 176.74, 1,203,180,000 gals. Area at 175.24, 248
acres; Contents below 175.24, 1,081,500,000 gals. Greatest depth, 21ft.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface of this reservoir
was at grade 174.82 or 42 feet below the crest of the dam.
On January 6 waste began and continued until January
18, again on March 14 water wasted and continued to waste
until August 11.
From August 11, the water surface fell slowly, and on
September 23 reached its lowest point, being at grade 168.80,
or 6.44 feet below the crest of the dam. Filling since that
date, the water surface on January 1, 1898, *was at grade
174.78.
Since July 13, excepting November 6 to 10, November
12 to December 2 and from December 9 to 27, this reservoir
was drawn upon for the supply of the city.
Water Department. 151
Reservoir No. Jf.
Grades, R. W., 215.21 ; Tops of Flash-boards, 215.21+ and 214.89 ; Crest of Dam,
214.21. Area, Water Surf 'ace, 167 acres ; Greatest depth, 49 feet; Contents
below 215.21, 1,416,350,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface of this reservoir
was at grade 195.11 or 19.12 feet below the crest of the dam,
filling gradually, the flash-boards were placed on the dam on
April 2.
On April 10 waste began over the flash-boards and con-
tinued until July 2. On July 13 the flash-boards were re-
moved from the dam. The reservoir was drawn upon for
the supply of the city on July 1, and on November 3 the
water surface had fallen to grade 201.13 or 13.10 feet below
the crest of the dam. Since that time the reservoir has been
gradually filling, and on January 1, 1898, the water surface
was at grade 210.08.
Reservoir No. 5.
This reservoir under construction by the City of Boston
was taken by the Metropolitan Water Board on January 4,
1897.
Reservoir No. 6.
Grades, H.W., 295.00; Top of Flash-boards, 295.00; Crest of Dam, 294.00. Area,
185 acres ; Contents, 1,520,900,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface was at grade 266.41
or 27.59 feet below the crest of the dam. The first set of
flash-boards was placed on the dam on May 16, and the
second set on May 19. On June 8, water began to waste
over the flash-boards and continued until July 4.
On December 15 the flash-boards were removed from this
dam.
On December 17 water began to waste over the crest of
the dam, and continued during the remainder of the month.
On January 1, 1898, the water surface was at grade 294.20.
WJiitehall Pond.
Elevation, H.W., 327. 91; Bottom of Gates, 317.78. Area at 327.91,601 acres; Con-
tents between 327.91 and 317.78, 1,256,900,000 gals. H.W. of Temporary
Dam, 329.91 ; Contents at 329.91, 1,654,800,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface of the pond was at
grade 324.77 or 3.14 feet below old high water. Filling
gradually, the water surf ace reached grade 328.76 on June 15,
and remained above grade 328.00 until September 22. On
January 1, 1898, the water surface was at grade 326.48.
152 City Document No. 37.
Water was drawn from this pond for the supply of the
city, from February 2 to March 4, and from July 8 to 24.
Preparations were made early in the season for a drought,
should that contingency arise. A new dam at Whitehall
pond was built, raising the water line 2 feet, and in Reser-
voir No. 5, seized by the Metropolitan Water Board, 1,700,-
000,000 gallons were stored as a reserve. This was rendered
possible by the completion of the stripping contracts in the
lower portions of the reservoir. The water was raised to
within 16 feet of the top of the spillway without interfering
with the completion of the remaining sections under contract.
Farm Pond.
Grades, H.W., 149.25 ; Low Water, 146.00. Area at 149.25, 159 acres ; Contents
between 149.25 and 146.00, 167,520,000 gals.
No water has been drawn from this pond for the supply of
the city during the year 1897. On January 1, 1897, the
surface of the pond was at grade 148.78 or .47 feet below
high water mark ; rismg slowly, a grade 149.50 was reached on
April 16.
During May and June it remained at about this point and
starting to fall very slowly in July was at grade 147.88 on
October 24. On January 1, 1898, the water surface was at
grade 148.75. The Framingham Water Company has drawn
117,600,000 gallons from the pond during the year.
Lake Oochituate.
Gh-ades, H.W., 134.36 ; Invert Aqueduct, 121.03; Top of Aqueduct, 127.36. Area,
Water Surface at 134.36, about 776 acres; Contents between 134.36 and 127.36
1,515,180,000 gals.; Betiveen 134.36 and 125.00, 1,908,200,000 gals.; Approxi-
mate Contents between 134.36 and 121.03, 2,447,000,000 gals. ; Betiveen
134.36 and 117.03,2,907,000,000 gals.
On January 1, 1897, the surface of the lake was at grade
127.43 or 6.93 feet below high water mark; filling gradually,
high water mark was reached on April 13. It remained at
about this point until the latter part of June when the water
surface fell, reaching its lowest point, grade 129.43, on
November 1.
Since that time the lake filled, and on January 1, 1898, it
was at grade 130.87. The beds for filtering the water of
Pegan brook have been in use almost continuously during
the year and 249,965,000 gallons have been pumped upon
them. No difficulty has been experienced in their operation
during the winter season. Water has been drawn from the
different reservoirs as follows :
Boston Water Works.
Diagram showing the hei^hfs of 5udbur_y River Reservoirs N°J I. 2. and 3.
Farm Pond, and Cochifua+e and Mystic Lakes, during +he Year 1897.
Boston Water Works.
Diagram showing the heights of Sudbury River Reservoirs N« 4and 6 .,
and the Rainfall on the Sudbury River Watershed during the Year 1897.
Capacity
Af/cuo* Sals.
Jbnutary
Fabroary
M&rch
April
/7<sy
■June
v/«/y
/tu^usr 1 -
Sepfemier
October.
/Vorem6er.
December.
J
$"
2 9S
290
aas
zao
27S
vl
VI
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270
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837
a S3
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6S 7
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377
34 3
320
2.93
267
24 2
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Water Department.
153
From
7 A.M.
10 A.M.
11 A.M.
7 A.M.
7 A.M.
7 A.M.
12 M.
5 P.M.
5 P.M.
7 P.M.
1 P.M.
7 P.M.
8 P.M.
5 A.M.
8 A.M.
3 P.M.
11 A.M.
7 P.M.
11 A.M.
11 A.M.
11 A.M.
11 A.M.
12 M.
12 M.
Jan.
May
July
July
July
Aug;.
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Oct.
Oct.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
1 to 10 A.M. May 27 from Reservoirs Nos. 1, 2.
27 " 11 A.M. July 13 from Reservoir No. 2.
13 " 7 A.M. July 30 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
30 " 7 A.M. July 31 from Reservoirs Nos. 1, 3.
31 " 7 A.M. Aug. 3 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
3 " 12 M. Aug. 4 from Reservoirs Nos. 1, 2.
4 " 5 P.M. Aug. 29 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
29 " 5 P.M. Aug. 30 No flow.
30 " 7 P.M. Sept. 13 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
13 " 1 P.M. Sept. 14 No flow.
14 " 7 P.M. Sept. 19 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
19 " 8 P.M. Sept. 20 No flow.
20 " 5 A.M. Sept. 27 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
27 " 8 A.M. Sept. 28 No flow.
28 " 3 P.M. Oct. 24 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
24 " 11 A.M. Oct. 26 from Reservoir No. 3.
26 " 7 P.M. Nov. 6 from Reservoir's Nos. 2, 3.
6 " 11 A.M.. Nov. 10 from Reservoir No. 2.
10 " 11 A.M. Nov. 12 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
12 " 11 A.M. Dec. 2 from Reservoir No. 2.
2 " 11 A.M. Dec. 9 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
9 " 12 M. Dec. 27 from Reservoir No. 2.
27 "12 M. Dec. 28 No flow.
28 " 7 A.M. Jan. 1 from Reservoirs Nos. 2, 3.
The height of the water in the various storage reservoirs
on the first day of each month is as follows :
Reservoirs.
Farm
Pond.
White-
Hall
Pond
Lake
Co-
No.l.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 6.
CHIT-
UATE.
Top of
Flash-
board.
Top of
Flash-
boards.
Crest
of
Dam.
Top of
Flash-
boards.
Top of
Flash-
boards.
High
Water.
High
Water.
High
Water.
159.29
167.12
175.24
215.21
295.00
149.25
327.91
134.36
January 1, 1S97
156.37
162.63
174.82
195.11
266.41
148.78
324.77
127.43
February 1, "
156.13
161.37
173.31
199.80
271.59
149.00
325.45
128.75
March 1, "
156.13
162.50
174.44
204.19
276.04
149.21
325.18
129.26
April 1, " ....
157.94
167.21
175.29
213.70
287.63
149.45
326.88
133.86
May 1, "
157.71
167.66
176.45
215.38
292.31
149.40
327.79
134.27
June 1, "
159.53
166.86
176.56
215.38
294.83
149.37
328.35
134.24
Julyl, " ....
159.41
162.90
176.76
215.34
295.09
149.32
328.73
133.92
August 1, "
159.43
167.77
176.50
209.04
294.23
149.14
328.52
133.16
September 1, "
148.25
163.54
172.82
210.23
294.89
149.11
328.65
132.61
October 1, "
14S.02
162.89
169.12
205.65
294.77
148.39
327.53
131.09
November 1, " ...
149.16
162.70
169.70
200.97
291.65
148.33
326.5S
129.43
December 1, "
149.93
163.42
170.53
203.94
292.06
147.84
326.58
129.86
January 1, 1898....
157.28
166.05
174.7S
210.08
294.20
148.75
326.48
130.87
154
City Document No. 37.
Aqueducts and Distributing Reservoirs.
The Sudbury-river aqueduct has been in use 355.25 days,
and has delivered 15,442,562,400 gallons to Chestnut-Hill
Reservoir and 948,000,000 gallons to Lake Cochituate.
The Cochituate aqueduct has been used 361.5 days and
delivered 5,738,703,800 gallons. Both aqueducts have been
cleaned during the year, and all necessary repairs made.
High-Service Pumping-Stations.
The daily average quantity pumped at the Chestnut-Hill
pumping station was 1.6 per cent, more than in 1896.
Engine No. 1 was run 1,762 hours,
50 minutes, pumping.
Engine No. 2 was run 1,650 hours,
pumping ....
Engine No. 3 was run 6,478 hours,
20 minutes, pumping
Total amount pumped .
Amount of coal used by Engines
Nos. 1 and 2 .
Amount of coal used by Engine
No. 3 . . . " .
Total amount of coal used
Percentage of ashes and clinkers
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal
by Engines Nos. 1 and 2 .
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal
by Engine No. 3
Average lift in feet, Engines Nos
1 and 2 .
Average lift in feet, Engine No. 3,
Daily average amount pumped
Table VII., on pages 174 and 175 show in detail the work
done by the engines and boilers.
657,146,425 gallons.
625,815,950
3,967,101,600
5,246,063,975
1,621,185 lbs.
3,536,754 "
5,157,939 «
9.2
791.4 gallons.
1,121.7
122.53
122.67
14,372,800 gallons.
Cost of Pumping.
Salaries .
Fuel
114,389 Q6
6,961 33
Carried forward
121,350 99
Watee Department. 155
Brought forward $21,350 99
Repairs 7,286 3T
Oil, waste and packing . . . . . 877 95
Small supplies ...... 389 94
Total $29,905 25
Cost per million gallons raised one foot high . $0.0465
Cost per million gallons pumped to reservoir . $5,706
At the West Roxbury pumping-station the daily average
quantity pumped was 283,300 gallons, an increase of 11.9
per cent, over the amount pumped in the previous year. At
the East Boston pumping-station 447,200 gallons have been
pumped for the supply of the high-service district, and
61,800 gallons per day for the Breed's Island high service.
Owing to the non-completion of the 36-inch high-service line
through Roxbury, it has been necessary to maintain the pump-
ing plant on Blue Hill avenue and Wayne street during the
year, and to keep it in constant service.
Mystic Lake.
On January 1, 1897, the water surface was 1.66 feet below
high water. Water wasted over the dam from January 5 to
12, January 22 to 25, Febuary 7 to 10, February 13 to 19,
February 23 to April 24, from April 28 to May 20, May 25
to June 22, from June 25 to 26, and from June 30 to July
3, inclusive, when waste stopped.
The water surface which on July 3 was at grade 6.77
gradually fell, reaching its lowest point — 0.90 on Novem-
ber 2.
Filling gradually since that date it reached grade 6.04 on
December 19. Waste occurred over the stop-planks from
December 16 to 24, and on December 27, 28 and 31. On
January 1, 1898, the water surface was at grade 5.75. The
fish-way was opened on April 10, and kept open until June
25, when it was closed and remained so during the remainder
of the year.
Mystic Conduit and Reseevoir.
The conduit was cleaned several times during the year.
Mystic Pumping- Station.
The daily average quantity pumped at the Mystic Station
was 4.8 per cent, more than in 1896.
156
City Document No. 37.
536,515,500 gals.
320,785,788 «
470,195,300 «
3,244,729,020 "
4,572,225,608 «
3,769,676 lbs.
3,651,427 "
Engine No. 1 was run 2,392 hours, 50
minutes, pumping ....
Engine No. 2 was run 1,523 hours, 30
minutes, pumping ....
Engine No. 3 was run 1,391 hours,
pumping .....
Engine No. 4 was run 7,321 hours, 30
minutes, pumping ....
Total amount pumped .
Amount of coal used by Engines Nos.
1, 2 and 3
Amount of coal used by Engine No. 4,
Total amount of coal used .
Percentage of ashes and clinkers
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal by
Engines Nos. 1, 2 and 3 .
Quantity pumped per lb. of coal by
Engine No. 4 .
Average lift in feet, Engines Nos. 1, 2
and 3 ..... .
Average lift in feet, Engine No. 4
Daily average amount pumped
Cost of Pumping
Salaries
Fuel ....
Repairs.
Oil, waste and packing .
Small supplies
Total . $27,989 96
Cost per million gallons raised one foot high, 10.0412
Cost per million gallons pumped to reservoir, $6,122
Table VIIL, on pages 176 and 177, shows in detail the
work done by the engines during the year.
Consumption.
The daily average consumption for the year was as
follows :
Sudburv and Cochituate Works . .- 57,867,300 gals.
Mystic Works 12,518,900 «
7,421,103 «
11.4
350.2 gals.
888.6 «
147.08
149.24
12,526,700 gals.
$12,372 46
11,242 51
3,426 92
726 89
221 18
Total for the combined supplies
70,386,200 «
Water Department.
157
an increase of 2,146,900 gallons, or 3.1 per cent, over that of
the previous year. During the year, Charlestown has been
supplied from the Mystic Works, excepting the periods
between September 28 and December 1, when the supply
was from the Cochituate Works.
The following table shows the consumption per inhabitant
for the past two years :
Month.
Cochituate.
Consumption in
Gallons per Capita,
1896.
1897.
Mystic.
Consumption in
Gallons per Capita,
1896.
1897.
Combined Supplies.
Consumption in
Gallons per Capita.
1896. 1897.
January
February ..
March
April
May
June
July
August
September .
October —
November...
December . .
Average
128.1
134.8
134.5
118.3
106.9
113.2
116.0
112.9
107.1
106.4
107.3
118.6
127.5
123.2
121.9
117.1
110.1
112.3
125.0
123.9
124.9
114.2
104.0
111.4
96.9
102.5
96.9
87.3
85.8
88.4
85.9
85.4
83.1
78.8
76.5
90.6
100.4
101.3
98.9
94.1
89.4
82.2
85.7
80.3
79.9
81.3
75.2
82.7
121.0
127.4
125.9
111.3
102.1
107.2
110.1
107.9
102.7
100.1
100.2
112.1
121.2
118.2
116.6
111.7
105.2
105.4
115.8
113.7
114.4
108.1
98.6
104.7
116.8
117.8
88.3
87.8
110.6
111.1
Corrosion oe Pipes by Electrolysis.
A general and marked improvement has been observed
during the past year, in the electrical conditions of the
water-pipes throughout the city ; this result has been at-
tained largely by reason of the work done by the Boston
Elevated Railway Company, for the improvement of its re-
turn circuits. While the danger districts in the city have
been apparently reduced in number, yet sections still remain
in which the conditions are far from satisfactory, and sys-
tematic and frequent observations are necessary to guard
against damage in the future.
The electrical investigations have been carried on during
158 . City Document No. 37.
the year by Messrs. Stone & Webster; details of their
work is given in the following report :
Stone & Websteb, Electrical Experts and Engineers.
4 Post Office square, Boston, March 7, 1898.
William Jackson, Esq.,
City Engineer, Boston, Mass. :
Dear Sir : At yonr request in the autumn of last year,
1897, we continued our investigation of the electrical condi-
tions of the water-pipes in the City of Boston and beg to
report as follows :
We first made an examination throughout the entire city
to find whether there was any general improvement in condi-
tions over the previous years, and also to find whether there
were any places that needed special investigation.
We found that the electrical conditions of the piping in
nearly all sections of the city were such as to indicate less
liability to corrosion from electrolysis than in the year 1896.
We did not take as many readings in the general survey
of the city as in former years, because we have found that
there is in no case a serious danger district local to two or
three hydrants. We therefore took only about 600 hydrant
readings, while in 1896 we took about 1,000. The improve-
ment in general conditions is shown by the small number of
danger districts, and by the decrease in the percentage of
positive readings, and by the decrease in the average size
of the negative readings. This is shown approximately in
the f ollowing table which is based upon readings taken in the
same localities each year. The figures are not exact as some
of the readings are unreliable, and were therefore not taken
into account in making up the averages :
1896. 1897.
Per cent, of Positive readings ... 28 19
Average size of Positive readings in volts, .009 .009
Average size of Negative readings in volts, .023 .006
Negative readings indicate safety to the pipes at the points
at which the readings are taken, because they show that the
current is flowing on to the pipes at these places. It is im-
portant, however, to reduce the size of the negative readings
as well as that of the positive, because high negative readings
show that there is a strong tendency for the current to flow
on to the pipes, and any current which flows on must pass
through the joints to be taken off at other points. The size
Water Department. 159
of the readings must not, however, be considered as a very-
accurate indication of the average conditions for the two years,
because a change in the amount of moisture in the earth
might make a very decided change in the size of the readings.
One exception to the general improvement was found in
the Dorchester district. Here the new power station on
Freeport street was started by the West End Street Railway
Company about a year ago, and in the neighborhood of the
station we found many places where there were indications of
current flowing off the service pipes sufficient, probably, to
do them decided injury in the course of a few years. We
had excavations made on Park and Freeport streets and
found signs of corrosion in four out of six places examined,
and in one of these places the pipe had been badly attacked.
We think, therefore, that this district should be carefully
watched so long as there are indications of general or large
local flow of current from the pipes to the ground. In
the part of Park street where the indications of danger were
most decided there are no car tracks, but the feeder and
return wires are laid under the street in a wooden conduit,
the feeders being, we are told, encased in tubing, and the
returns laid in a bed of cement. Between the outside of the
wooden conduit, which was damp, and the service pipes, we
found a difference of potential as high as .3 of a volt, a suf-
ficient indication that a considerable current might be flowing
between them.
In addition to the general survey we have made a special
investigation on the boundary lines of the city and find that
there is a tendency for the current to flow between the piping
system of Boston and those of the surrounding towns. In
general the flow of current is from other piping systems to
that of Boston, but four places were found where the current
flowed first in one direction and then in the other, though
apparently not in very large quantities. These four places
were between Newton and Boston on Tremont street;
between Brookline and Boston on Huntington avenue ;
between Cambridge and Boston on Western avenue, and
between Hyde Park and Boston on River street. The dan-
ger around the boundary lines is, therefore, in most cases, to
the pipes of surrounding towns, but as the current flowing
into the Boston piping system must leave it again and must
flow through the joints, there is a chance that electrolytic
action may be produced.
It is probable that the amount of current flowing in this
way is not sufficient to do any serious damage, but we think
that the matter should be examined into more carefully to
160 City Document No. 37.
make sure that this is the case. We had hoped to obtain
more complete information on. the subject during the fall, and
had prepared a special testing outfit for the work, but were
able to use it only a few times owing to the setting in of the
cold weather.
It seems to us advisable to continue investigation along
the boundaries more carefully in the spring, and to take
measurements from time to time in the Dorchester district
and certain other localities.
The accompanying blue prints show the location of posi-
tive readings of .005 volt or higher for 1896 and 1897.
At your request we have secured the following detailed
information regarding the work done by the Boston Elevated
Railway Company to improve its return circuit :
" The company has complete records of the electrical condi-
tions in the different parts of its system and examinations
and tests are made often enough to show any material
changes that may occur. For each part of the track a dia-
gram is prepared showing the difference of potential between
the track and water-pipes and also the current that will flow
when these two points are connected.
" On many of these diagrams the resistances of the rail joints
are also plotted. These diagrams are on uniform sheets,
which are bound together so that the data for all parts of the
system can be readily inspected at any time.
" In the last three years a large amount of copper has been
put in to increase the efficiency of the return circuit. This
copper is in the form of 500,000 circular mil. cable. The
following table shows the increase in the amount installed :
"Return circuit copper in 1895 . . . 644,000 lbs.
« « « « 1896 . . . 902,000 "
« « « « 1897 . . . 1,370,000 "
"This last amount is 4,680 lbs. per mile of track.
" The efficiency of the rail bonds has been greatly increased,
and all new track is now bonded with two No. 0000 copper
bonds.
" A large amount of reconstruction has been done, and in all
this work modern methods of bonding have been employed."
Very truly yours,
(Signed) Stone & Webstee.
Distribution.
On the Cochituate Works 26.6 miles of pipe were laid and
7.5 miles were abandoned, making a net increase of 19.1
miles and a total length of 627.1 miles.
Water Department. 161
A statement of the larger sizes of mains laid during the
past year is as follows :
In Fisher avenue, Brookline, between Boylston street and
Fisher-Hill Reservoir, a 42-inch pipe was laid for a distance
of 1,108 feet, giving a second line where the high-service
supply for the city has been dependent upon a single 30-inch
pipe ; the Dorchester high service has been advanced by
laying 5,100 linear feet of 36-inch pipe in Columbus avenue.
Walnut park and Georgia street, and 1,506 linear feet in Blue
Hill avenue, Geneva avenue and Bowdoin street, making the
36-inch line continuous as far as Grove Hall, with the excep-
tion of a short gap at the crossing of Stony brook which
can be filled up early in the coming season. Owing to the
fact that Congress street is about to be raised over the
tracks of the N. E. R.R., it was necessary to lay 1,520 linear
feet of 30-inch and 24-inch pipe in Dauby and C streets,
abandoning at the same time 1,464 linear feet of 30-inch and
24-inch pipe in D and Congress streets, the latter work being
done by contract; in South street and the roadway of Arnold
arboretum, 1,500 linear feet of 24-inch pipe was laid (about
840 feet of it by contract) forming part of the West Rox-
bury high service. The 24-inch low service in Dorchester
was extended, by laying a 20-inch main in Adams street for a
distance of 5,474 feet, making a needed improvement hi the
service at Neponset and Milton Lower Mills. For better fire
protection a 20-inch pipe was laid in Canton street, from
Albany to Tremont street, a distance of 2,554 feet, connecting
with the large supply mains in the latter street. In East
Boston, 1,500 linear feet of 20-inch pipe was laid in Border
street, from Maverick street to Central square in extension of
the 20-inch line laid last season.
An unusually large amount of relaying has been done
during the year ; among the important pieces of work of this
class are the following : Washington street, Kneeland street
to Dover street relaid with 16-inch ; State street, Washing-
ton street to Commercial street, relaid with 16-inch ; Maverick
street, New street to Chelsea street, relaid with 16-inch;
Boylston street, Tremont street to Park square, relaid with
12-inch; Tremont street, Boylston street to Warrenton street,
rekid with 12-inch.
The necessity for relaying must become more urgent each
successive year. Up to 1853 about 73i miles of water-pipes,
less than twelve inches in diameter, had been laid in the
streets of the city, and during the succeeding twenty years 163
additional miles of these smaller pipes were laid ; a large part
of this pipe is still in service, dangerously weak in places,
162 City Document No. 37.
and everywhere badly tuberculated and rilled up ; two pieces
of pipe have been recently taken out while relaying, in which
the sound iron remaining represented in one case but 51 per
cent, and in the other but 59 per cent, of the original
section, the unsound parts being soft enough to be readily
cut with a knife and extending in places almost through
the pipe; the destruction of the iron in these two cases
was not caused by the action of electricity generated for
street railway purposes, electric lighting, etc., but was due
to the soil in which the pipe was laid. In relaying the
older pipes opportunity is taken in almost every case to
increase the sizes, largely for the purpose of affording
better fire protection. How important this action is, can
be fully realized when it is remembered that the "hand
tubs" of 1850 have given place to the modern steam fire-
engines, some of which, now in commission in Boston, have
a capacity of 1,350 gallons per minute.
On the Mystic Works the distributing mains have been
extended 3.2 miles, and 4.9 miles have been relaid ; the total
length now connected with the system is 187.2 miles.
There has been an increase of 178 in the number of
hydrants connected with the Cochituate Works, making a
total number of 6,842.
On the Mystic Works 78 hydrants have been added, and
the total number in service is 1,718.
During the year all main-pipe and other castings have been
carefully inspected at the foundries; plans have been made
for all pipe laid and lines and grades given when required;
217 petitions for main pipe have been reported upon and
68 contracts for rock excavation have been made. The large
number of patterns of special castings, valves, hydrants,
etc., have been marked with brass numbers, catalogued and
systematically arranged in a storeroom. Various studies
have been made, and a large amount of general routine work
has been done.
Appended to this report will be found the usual tables of
rainfall, consumption, etc., for the past year, and in addition,
tables are given of the rainfall, rainfall collected, and per-
centage collected on the Cochituate water-shed since 1863,
on the Sudbury-river water-shed since 1875, and on the
Mystic water-shed since 1878. These will be found valuable
for future reference.
Yours respectfully,
William Jackson,
City Engineer.
Water Department.
163
GENERAL STATISTICS.
SUDBTTKT AND COCHITUATE WORKS.
Daily average consumption in gallons,
Daily average consumption in gallons
per inhabitant
Daily average amount used through
meters, gallons
Percentage of total consumption
metered
Number of services ,
Number of meters and motors
Length of supply and distributing
mains, in miles
Number of fire-hydrants in use
Yearly revenue from water-rates
Yearly revenue from metered water. . .
Percentage of total revenue from
metered water
Cost of works on February 1
Yearly expense of maintenance
Mystic Works.
Daily average consumption in gallons,
Daily average consumption in gallons
per inhabitant
Daily average amount used through
meters, gallons
Percentage of total consumption
metered
Number of services
Number of meters and motors
Length of supply and distributing
mains, in miles
Number of fire-hydrants in use
Yearly revenue from water-rates
Yearly revenue from metered water . . .
Percentage of total revenue from
metered water
Cost of works on February 1
Yearly expense of maintenance
1894.
46,560,000
99.8
11,170,400
24.0
68,556
4,877
572.8
6,217
$1,657,701 23
$672,474 17
40.5
$23,583,967 89
$440,840 63
10,282,100
87.6
2,014,000
19.6
23,257
515
173.7
1,446
$453,627 50
$115,811 32
25.6
1 $1,676,471 94
$156,214 05
1895.
50,801,100
104.3
12,084,500
23.8
70,879
4,910
595.9
6,458
$1,741,049 05
$711,467 39
40.9
$25,052,227 53
$420,907 09
9,467,000
83.3
2,105,800
22.2
24,120
525
178.6
1,543
$471,188 47
$121,436 10
25.8
$1,803,775 29
$189,194 61
1896.
56,288,200
116.85
13,125,700
23.3
73,230
4,788
619.9
6,711
$1,991,136 93
$775,354 91
38.0
! $24,608,500 60
3 $617,566 53
11,951,100
88.26
2,144,300
17.9
24,870
536
184.0
1,639
$501,755 05
$122,050 66
24.3
$1,806,316 72
1897.
57,867,300
117.8
13,459,300
23.3
75,685
5,061
627.1
6,842
$2,082,536 98
$795,910 07
38.2
*$25,025,436 42
3 $623,476 51
12,518,900
87.8
2,264,200
18.1
25,776
522
187.2
1,718
$521,262 68
$127,439 76
24.5
$1,806,316 72
1 $52,637.00 credited on account of sale of portion of Mystic sewer.
2 $1,118,975.74 credited by amount paid by State.
3 Mystic department combined with Cochituate.
4 $1,154,766.84 credited by amount paid by State.
i
164
City Document No. 37.
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BOSTON WATER WORKS.
Diagram .showing the rainfall and daily overate, Conaumpru
for each monfh.
Water Department.
165
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City Document No. 37.
TABLE IX.
Statement of Operations at the East Boston Pumping Station for the
Year 1S97.
Engines Nos. 1 and 2.
Engine No. 3.
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M.
Gallons.
Gallons.
firs.
M.
Gallons.
Gallons.
Lbs.
Per
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January...
February..
June
August —
September,
October....
November,
December,
394
341
328
304
300
288
313
299
293
321
284
324
30
45
45
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15
30
45
15
15
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17,596,200
15,289,100
14,373,800
13,392,400
13,017,600
12,564,300
13,415,900
12,762,700
12,512,200
13,699,800
11,593,000
13,027,500
567,600
546,000
463,700
446,400
419,900
418,800
432,800
411,700
417,100
441,900
386,400
420,200
110
102
105
102
124
121
140
141
126
122
134
152
15
45
00
00
00
30
30
45
00
15
00
30
1,689,100
1,549,500
1,474,600
1,426,900
1,824,900
1,751,300
2,174,300
2,256,000
2,050,700
1,968,900
2,073,000
2,306,600
54,500
55,300
47,600
47,600
58,900
58,400
70,100
72,800
68,400
63,500
69,100
74,400
55,930
49,750
43,170
38,050
40,350
39,250
41,320
41,000
40,660
44,810
44,530
52,900
20. 4
20.3
20.5
20.1
20.2
19.7
20.5
20.6
20.3
20.3
20.4
20.3
Tot's and )
averages, j
3,793
45
163,244,500
447,200
1,482
30
22,546,700
61,800
531,720
20.3
Water Departmeistt.
179
TABLE X.
Statement of Operations at the West Roxbury Pumping Station for the
Year 1897.
1897.
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Month.
Hours.
Min.
Gallons.
Gallons.
Gallons.
Lbs.
Per cent.
Feet.
January....
February ..
September..
October —
November. .
December..
694
641
709
676
713
683
701
652
623
658
627
655
00
30
00
30
00
30
30
00
00
30
00
00
8,317,200
7,630,900
8,403,200
8,024,900
8,528,000
8,654,500
10,163,300
9,088,800
9,109,500
8,849,800
7,987,800
8,640,700
268,300
272,500
271,100
267,500
275,100
288,500
327,800
293,200
303,700
285,500
266,300
278,700
165.3
158.3
161.9
164.7
163.9
163.7
172.7
169.8
175.5
170.2
164.2
167.0
50,325
48,200
51,900
48,725
52,025
52,875
58,850
53,525
51,900
52,000
48,650
51,750
18.3
20.7
19.0
19.6
18.8
19.6
17.9
17.1
16.7
17.1
17.9
17.5
144.18
145.26
146.61
148.32
150.95
153.48
158.13
155.49
153.91
154.24
152.18
155.02
Tot'ls and )
Averages, j
8,034
30
103,398,600
183,300
166.6
620,725
18.3
151.48
180
City Document No. 37.
TABLE XI.
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths on Sudbury River Water-shed for
the Year 1897.
1897.
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2
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0.635
3
0.380
1.140
0.175
2.565
0.055
4
5
1.080
0.330
0.175
0.035
1.250
0.380
6
0.440
7
0.740
0.045
8
0.145
9
2.005
0.820
10
0.070
2.270
11
0.645
0.045
0.040
0.065
0.060
0.375
12
1.120
0.325
1.565
415
13
0.940
0.320
0.040
0.040
14
0.460
0.945
15
0.235
0.010
3 070
16
0.085
0.660
0.070
0.195
0.100
17
0.205
9
18
0.410
0.035
0.115
0-115
20
0.290
1.145
0.025
0.255
0.230
21
0.730
0.075
0.140
0.910
0.170
0.010
1.780
0.065
0.900
0.045
22
0.430
23
0.780
0.250
24
1.140
0.965
0.850
25
0.690
0.185
0.025
26
0.060
0.130
0.180
27
0.455
28
1.710
0.105
0.075
29
1.425
0.175
0.110
30
0.910
31
0.525
0.080
0.010
0.600
Totals...
4.005
2.910
3.660
2.820
4.370
4.455
5.445
3.510
2.935
0.470
6.405
5.205
Total rainfall during the year, 46.190 inches, being an average of two gauges located
at Franiingham and Ashland.
Water Department.
181
TABLE XII.
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths at Lake Cochituate for the Year 1897.
1897.
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0.360
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0.810
0.110
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0.840
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0.650
1.670
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0.050
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0.420
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0.320
1.610
0.370
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0.010
0.180
0.100
14
0.440
0.820
15
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2.850
16
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0.630
0.220
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0.210
0.030
0.040
18
0.390
0.150
19
20
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0.850
0.300
0.810
0.050
0.240
200
21
0.700
0.080
0.190
22
1.540
0.130
0.870
0.020
0.750
0.270
23
0.740
24
1.140
0.800
0.750
25
0.060
0.730
0.390
0.050
0.190
26
0.090
27
0.390
28
1.840
0.140
29
0.060
0.940
1.280
0.190
0.110
30
31
0.460
0.070
0.490
Totals.
4.230
2.860
3.600
2.780
4.250
4.280
4.800
3.260
2.560
0.890
6.470
4.810
Total rainfall during the year 44.790 Inches.
182
City Document No. 37.
TABLE XIII.
Rainfall in Inches and Hundredths on Mystic Lake Water-shed for the
Tear 1897.
1897.
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1.800
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0.690
0.390
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0.375
0.105
0.485
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0.390
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0.220
0.040
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18
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0.010
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0.405
0.275
1.025
0.120
0.245
0.125
0.615
0.045
0.760
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0.720
0.445
23
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0.715
1.020
0.520
0.230
0.265
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0.065
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0.240
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1.570
0.215
0.095
31 .
0.475
0.515
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3.880
2.495
3.300
2.855
4.935
5.685
3.790
3.440
3.105
0.390
6.315
4.360
Total rainfall during the year, 4.455 inches,
located at Mystic Lake and Mystic Reservoir.
being an average of two gauges
Water Department.
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City Document No. 37.
TABLE XV.
Table Showing the Temperature of Air and Water of Various Stations
on the Water-works.
Temperature of Air.
Temperature of
Water.
1897.
Chestnut Hill
Reservoir.
Framingham.
Brookline
Reservoir.
a
Mystic
Engine-
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3
January ..
February .
March
April
May
June
July
August ...
September
October
November
December.
0.5
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73.9
72.6
67.7
56.6
46.4
38.6
Water Department.
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193
TABLE XXI.
Percentage of Bainfall collected on Sudbury -river Water-shed,
1875 to 1897.
&
£
CD
1875
1876
1877
1878
1S79
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
7.6
62.7
36.5
57.3
50.4
56.0
13.3
37.2
21.2
34.9
46.8
40.9
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45.3
92.4
88.4
76.7
57.0
26.4
30.2
45.4
80.9
37.6
76.5
54.2
206.9
66.5
77.4
74.9
53.6
85.2
43.0
72.5
56.4
123.2
95.3
88.3
116.4
70.3
107.3
50.1
30.3
40.8
62.5
62.2
59.0
76.5
106.5
102.7
133.4
80.9
73.9
124.6
191.2
161.4
143.1
262.1
101.7
104.4
95.9
100.9
84.0
122.7
85.9
157.7
278.2
144.2
130.7
125.0
162.9
135.4
120.3
48.5
114.1
65.0
133.4
82.1
126.3
111.8
86.9
151.1
106.0
188.3
71.4
122.3
106.0
181.1
101.7
82.9
82.7
164.3
92.7
59.5
73.5
67.0
260.2
125.8
50.0
49.0
45.5
40.0
53.0
68.4
42.9
154.5
60.3
53.3
46.8
51.7
40.2
77.8
35.4
56.1
24.9
37.3
24.0
18.8
42.5
22.5
18.8
14.2
42.8
54.9
21.6
20.9
25.7
23.9
26.9
28.7
40.3
48.3
18.9
26.8
31.9
62.6
10.8
21.4
37.3
16.0
3.6
12.2
7.7
7.1
5.0
21.0
8.7
7.7
10.9
7.8
6.3
5.5
14.9
12.6
7.8
7.8
9.0
11.0
12.8
42.0
5.9
12.2
10.8
5.3
19.4
5.9
19.1
9.8
6.0
4.1
7.2
10.9
61.2
6.1
6.1
11.3
5.9
18.4
9.9
4.3
30.0
10.4
6.9
31.9
21.5
12.9
8.6
13.0
6.0
10.4
8.9
14.7
7.0
14.5
23.2
30.9
13.2
14.7
13.9
10.8
9.8
6.7
8.7
10.7
23.8
18.6
13.2
14.3
15.6
4.8
11.2
25.7
5.9
6.0
11.8
8.0
12.0
71.4
51.6
38 6
9.8
19.2
9.7
12.5
23.0
28.0
35.7
46.5
32.6
42.2
41.6
13.2
19.9
16.7
31.5
19.5
11.4
33.3
25.0
23.8
65.9
53.3
174.7
17.0
20.7
25.1
42.1
72.4
37.7
24.5
110.7
22.3
264.4
89.0
19.0
11.0
34.9
24.5
9.7
31.9
77.0
36.6
29.6
100.6
127.3
33.5
26.3
76.9
29.2
26.5
94.9
55.1
54.3
44.9
48.2
57.9
52.6
45.3
31.9
46.6
45.9
34.1
50.5
43.4
49.5
56.7
62.2
58.2
50.9
55.8
39.3
45.2
40.7
47.8
49.1
45.1
16.0
10.1
11.7
12.9
10.3
5.4
15.4
9.2
7.9
9.3
8.9
6.2
8.5
30.4
33.2
23.1
8.9
11.8
8.6
12.0
15.5
11.9
21.9
Totals.
Aver's,
1133.9
49.3
1772.8
77.1
2987.6
129.9
2637.2
114.7
1573.1
684.5
228.0
324.6
309.3
13.4
470.4
20.5
890.6
39.0
1385.2 1101, S
60.2 47.9
309.1
13.5
194
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City Document No. 37.
TABLE XXIII.
Rainfall collected, in Inches, on Mystic Water-shed, 1878 to 1897.
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1S78
1879
1880
1S81
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1891
1895
1896
1897
Totals.
Averages.
3.55
1.21
1.70
0.82
1.37
0.70
1.49
1.79
2.31
3.16
1.43
4.51
2.07
6.29
2.49
0.75
1.37
1.55
1.85
1.40
41. SI
3.97
2.33
2.54
2.14
3.03
1.43
3.89
1.81
7.70
3.61
3.32
1.83
2.23
5.97
1.76
2.14
1.87
0.87
3.40
1.40
57.24
4.91
3.31
1.95
6.79
4.19
1
5.42
2.05
3.91
3.60
4.28
1.60
5.37
7.21
3.03
4.52
3.05
3.16
4.50
3.46
78.19
3.91
2.21
3.97
1.50
2.17
1.16
1.63
3.85
2.0
3.24
3.75
3.27
2.27
2.93
3.43
1.33
2.72
2.27
2.95
3.26
2.15
52.09
2.16
1.95
0.96
1.51
1.85
1.20
1.
2.18
1.27
1.
2.
2.18
3.00
1.40
2.10
4.42
1.31
1.14
0.77
1.83
37.48
1.87
0.78
0.97
0.51
2.05
0.81
0.52
0.85
0.86
0.55
1.27
0.84
1.
1.92
1.01
1.17
1.04
0.91
0.54
0.75
2.19
21.43
1.07
0.48
0.54
0.67
0.87
0.35
0.30
0.58
0.47
0.41
0.87
0.39
1.33
0.43
0.42
0.66
0.4
0.49
0.60
0.39
0.50
11.22
0.56
1.11
0.70
0.54
0.35
0.22
0.22
0.60
0.54
0.25
1.35
0.54
2.05
0.46
0.44
0.49
0.69
0.38
0.80
0.34
0.95
13.02
0.56
0.48
0.45
0.31
0.53
0.1S
0.23
0.34
0.32
0.48
1.31
1.06
0.58
0.42
0.56
0.41
0.36
0.36
1.06
0.41
10.41
0.52
0.71
0.34
0.36
0.29
0.58
0.39
0.27
0.68
0.38
0.57
2.74
1.21
2.61
0.58
0.45
0.55
0.58
1.46
0.89
0.39
16.03
0.80
1.75
0.45
0.44
0.50
0.39
0.42
0.35
2.41
0.88
0.71
5.04
2.49
1.95
0.56
1.07
0.71
0.91
2.37
1.11
1.02
25.53
1.28
3.63
0.69
0.59
0.87
0.57
0.44
1.17
2.39
1.43
0.91
5.
3.06
2.49
0.87
0.87
1.27
0.90
2.12
1.24
1.96
32.55
1.63
25.82
16.94
12.21
18.67
15.05
9.31
20.18
17.55
22.65
22.17
31.12
25.48
26.04
28.60
15.98
19.69
14.40
17.91
19 55
17.64
396.96
19.85
2.86
2.06
2.02
1.82
1.68
1.09
1.68
2.03
1.36
3.27
4.98
5.65
4.08
1.86
2.16
2.12
1.81
3.22
2.68
2.25
50.68
2.53
Water Department.
197
TABLE XXIV.
Percentage of Rainfall collected at Mystic Water-shed, 1878 to 1897.
Year.
s
M
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03
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62.6
69.2
125.0
38.6
322.9
29.6
13.5
14.8
17.7
14.3
30.8
74.9
47.8
14.9
1S79
66.6
85.4
93.9
85.3
104.9
24.5
22.6
12.8
29.7
44.2
16.2
18.6
48.0
20.1
1880
64.9
60.1
78.4
68.S
47.3
34.3
9.2
14.7
31.7
13.5
22.9,
23.8
35.5
13.5
1S81
14.2
58.9
101.5
141.1
50.7
29.9
33.3
51.9
14.1
13.6
14.3
26.3
44.5
23.9
1882
24.8
64.8
168.4
55.0
40.4
38.6
14.9
20.8
6.3
30.0
22.2
25.5
38.4
12.3
1883
26.1
46.7
84.8
65.9
33.5
31.8
10.8
25.7
12.1
7.2
21.1
14.7
29.8
10.3
1884
31.5
63.9
127.3
121.2
50.2
18.3
15.5
12.4
33.5
9.9
17.4
25.6
45.5
14.0
1S85
37.1
53.3
174.5
5S.S
55.3
19.6
22.8
9.2
23.7
12.2
38.2
113.6
39.4
13.6
1SS6
36.6
107.3
101.9
154.3
43.0
35.5
11.1
7.8
10.7
13.4
21.7
29.7
49.7
10.7
1887
60.2
80.8
72.0
81.3
112.0
47.3
13.2
27.1
32.0
18.7
23.4
25.6
47.8
20.3
18S8
35.2
101.3
82.5
115.2
56.6
38.1
17.5
8.8
15.3
55.3
73.6
96.4
54.8
22.7
1S89
81.8
98.2
70.2
63.0
46.9
57.0
15.8
22.2
" 22.5
33.7
44.1
107.0
50.6
27.3
1890
75.6
66.0
80.4
121.8
47.6
56.9
19.0
12.7
15.6
29.5
141.2
53.5
52.8
22.1
1891
100.7
117.6
118.7
109.0
57.0
22.8
13.3
11.3
19.3
12.1
21.7
25.6
60.3
13.3
1892
55.0
58.5
75.7
163.6
37.5
28.3
25.7
10.2
27.7
24.3
23.1
75.2
40.9
19.2
1893
33.3
28.6
177.3
S0.7
70.6
49.5
23.2
12.6
20.5
13.4
31.5
29.1
44.5
15.6
1894
34.8
56.5
280.1
65.4
25.3
125.8
14.2
15.1
14.3
10.5
26.0
22.7
36.7
12.9
1895
43.7
132.2
105.2
70.6
36.0
15.0
13.8
14.7
17.6
14.4
37.8
92.2
36.8
15.1
1896
78.7
66.8
98.9
183.5
38.5
31.9
16.2
12.9
13.5
27.5
33.4
53.1
49.0
17.5
1897
36.0
56.1
104.7
75.1
37.0
38.5
13.1
27.6
13.1
99.2
16.2
47.1
39.8
20.9
Totals..
999.4
1472.2
2321.4
1918.2
1313.2
773.2
338.7
375.3
391.0
496.9
676.8
980.2
892.6
340.2
Averages,
49.97
73.61
116.07
95.91
65.66
38.66
16.94
18.77
19/55
24.85
33.84
49.01
44.63
17.01
198
City Document No. 37.
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200
City Document No. 37.
SUMMARY OF STATISTICS.
REPORT FOR 1897.
Boston Water Works, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, supplies
also the cities of Somerville, Chelsea and Everett.
Population by census of 1895 :
Boston .......
Chelsea .......
Somerville ........
Everett .......
Total
496,920
31,264
52,200
18,573
598,957
Date of Construction :
Cochituate Works ...... 1848
Mystic 1864
By whom owned. — City of Boston.
Sources of supply, — Lake Cochituate, Sudbury river, and Mystic
lake.
Mode of supply. — Sixty-five per cent, from gravity works.
Thirty-five " " pumping "
Pumping.
Builder of pumping ma-
chinery
Cochituate.
Holly Mfg. Co.
and Quintard
Iron Works.
Mystic.
H. R. Worthington
and G. F. Blake
Mfg. Co.
Description of coal used :
a Kind
c Size
e Price per gross ton.
in bins .
Bituminous.
Broken.
! $3.47-$3.57
Bituminous.
Broken.
$3.18
/"Per cent, of ash
9.2
11.4
Coal consumed for year,
in lbs. . 5,157,939
7,421,103
Total pumpage for year, in gal-
lons . ' . . . ' . 5,250,063,975 4,572,225,608
Gallons pumped per lb. of coal . 1017.9 616.1
Cost of pumping figured on pump-
ing-station expenses, viz. : . $29,905 25 $27,989 96
Cost per million gallons raised to
reservoir .... $5,706 $6,122
Water Department.
201
Cochituate. Mystic.
Estimated population . . 491,100 142,600
Estimated number of consumers, 488,100 141,600
Total consumption, gaUons .21,121,552,400 4,569,393,100
Passed through meters . . 4,911,650,000 826,417,500
Percentage metered . . . 23.3 18.9
Average daily consumption, gal-
lons 57,867,300 12,518,900
Gallons per day, each inhabi-
tant 117.8 87.8
Gallons per day, each consumer, 118.5 88.4
Distribution.
Mains.
Kind of pipe used .
Sizes ....
Extended, miles
Total now in use
Distribution-pipe less than 4 in
length, miles
Hydrants added
Hydrants now in use
Stop-gates added
Stop-gates now in use
Cochituate. Mtstic.
Cast Iron, Wrought
Iron and Cement.
36 in. to 3 in.
Cast Iron.
48 in. to 4 in
19.5
627.1
2.2
178
6,547
323
7,410
2.6
187.2
4.0
79
1,718
128
2,519
Kind of pipe used
Sizes
Extended, feet
Service-taps added
Total now in use
Meters now in use
Motors and elevators in use
Services.
Lead.
in. to 6 in.
56,075
2,465
75,785
4,436
625
Lead and
Wrought Iron.
\ in. to 4 in.
23,369
906
25,848
501
21
202 City Document No. 37.
1 Boston Water Board.
Organized July 31, 1876.
Timothy T. Sawyer, from July 31, 1876, to May 5, 1879; and from
May 1, 1882, to May 4, 1883.
Leonard R. Cutter, from July 31, 1876, to May 4, 1883. 2
Albert Stanwood, from July 31, 1876, to May 7, 1883. 2
Francis Thompson, from May 5, 1879, to May 1, 1882. 2
William A. Simmons, from May 7, 1883, to August 18, 1885.
George M. Hobbs, from May 4, 1883, to May 4, 1885.
John G. Blake, from May 4, 1883, to August 18, 1885.
William B. Smart, from May 4, 1885, to March 18, 1889.
Horace T. Rockwell, from August 25, 1885, to April 25, 1888.
Thomas F. Doherty, from August 26, 1885, to May 5, 1890; and from
May 4, 1891, to July 1, 1895.
Robert Grant, from April 25, 1888, to July 18, 1893.
Philip J. Doherty, from March 18, 1889, to May 4, 1891.
John W. Leighton, from May 5, 1890, to July 1, 1895. 2
William S. McNary, from August 15, 1893, to November 5, 1894.
Charles W. Smith, from January 23, 1895, to July 1, 1895.
1 Water Commissioners.
Charles W. Smith, from July 1, 1895, to January 20, 1896. 3
Jeremiah J. McCarthy (Acting), from January 20, to February 1, 1896.
John R. Murphy, from February 1, 1896, to present time.
Assistant Water Commissioners.
Jeremiah J. McCarthy, from July 1, 1895, to January 20,
Edward C. Ellis, from February 17, 1896, to present time
Chief Clerk and Secretary.
Walter E. Swan.
General Superintendent Income Division.
Jos. H. Caldwell.
General Superintendent Distribution Division.
Hugh McNulty.
General Superintendent Western Division.
Desmond FitzGerald (to January 1, 1898.) 4
City Engineer and Engineer of the Department.
William Jackson.
1 Under Chap. 449 of the Acts of 1S95, the Boston Water Board was abolished, and
the Water-Supply and Water -Income Departments consolidated and placed under
the charge of one Water Commissioner.
2 Deceased.
3 Resigned.
4 Office abolished.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
intendent,
Abatements
Additional supply of water
Albany-street yard
Analyses of water
Biological laboratory .
Brookline reservoir .
Chestnut-Hill pumping-station
" " reservoir
City Engineer, Beport of .
Cocbituate aqueduct .
Color of water .
Consumption of water
Contracts made and pending
Cost of construction .
Deacon and waste service .
Dudley pond
Distribution Division, Beport of General Super
Electrolysis
Expenditures
Extension of mains
Earm pond
Eire reservoirs .
Fisher-Hill reservoir
Fountains .
General Statistics
Gates and stop-cocks
Harbor service .
High service
Hydrants .
Income Division, Beport of General Superintendent .
Inspection of water sources
Lake Cochituate .....
Machine shop ......
Mains laid and relaid
Maintenance .
Meters .......
Meter Division transferred to Income Division
Metropolitan Water Board
Mystic conduit
PAGE
35
14,15
56
127, 131
127
126
125, 154
123
149-162
122, 154
143
156,157,164
16-25
4-6
57
120
46-58
57, 157-160
4,12
13
116, 152
55
126
50
163
49
54
154
49
27,45
57, 126
117-120, 152, 166
51
46-49, 160, 161
4, 53, 146
. 27, 28, 38, 39
3
3
. 57, 155
204
Table of Contents.
Mystic lake
PAGE
57, 155
Mystic pumping-station
. 5
5, 155, 156
Natick filter beds
119
Organization of departmen
t >.
3,202
Rainfall
149
Receipts .
4
Reservoirs and standpipes
54
Reservoir No. 1
107, 149
Reservoir No. 2
108, 150
Reservoir No. 3
110, 150
Reservoir No. 4
111,151
Reservoir No. 5
112, 151
Reservoir No. 6
113, 151
Reservoir No. 8
115
Service-pipes
2,50
Sudbury river aqueduct
. 12
3, 121, 154
Summary of statistics
200, 201
Water-debt
5, 9
Water-loans, outstanding
7,8
Water-posts
50
Water sinking-fund .
10, 11
Wayne-street pumping-station .
>
56
Western Division, Report of General
Superintendent
106-129
Western Division abolished
3
West Roxbury pumping-station
.
55, 155
Whitehall pond ....
.
151
Yards
•
56
Tables: —
Abatements .......
35
Amounts assessed by annual rates
28-31
Amounts assessed by meters ....
33
Average condition of tap water, 1897 .
130
Average maximum and minimum heights to whicl
L
water rose
173
Average of monthly analyses, 1897
131
Average of monthly examinations of color .
143, 144
Average of monthly examinations of organisms .
132-140
Average of monthly examinations of temperatures
141, 142
Average yield of Sudbury water-shed, 1875-96, anc
L
1897 *
106
145
Blow-off gates established and abandoned .
90
Daily average consumption for years 1891 to 1897
>
164
Table of Contents.
205
Diversion of Sudbury-river water for years 1890 to
1897, inclusive
Fire-pipe service .......
Fixtures in use, January 31, 1898 .
Gates established and abandoned, and number in use,
January 31, 1898
General statement of repairs of mains and services
General statistics for 1894, 1895, 1896 and 1897 .
Hydrants established and abandoned .
Hydrants in use, January 31, 1898 . . . .
Leaks and stoppages from 1850 to 1898
Length of distributing mains, Somerville, Chelsea and
Everett, connected with works, January 31, 1898' .
Length of hydrant, blow-off and reservoir pipes laid,
and length in use, January 31, 1898
Length of supply and distribution mains laid, relaid
and abandoned, and total connected with works,
January 31, 1898
Location, size and length of mains abandoned .
Location, size and length of mains extended
Location, size and length of mains lowered
Location, size and length of mains relaid .
Mains extended, Somerville, Chelsea and Everett
Mains relaid, Somerville, Chelsea and Everett .
Means of monthly observations, 1896. (Feeders of
Lake Cochituate) ......
Meter, Elevator, motor and fire-pipe service
Meters applied .......
Meters condemned ......
Meters discontinued
Meters in service January 31, 1898 .
Meters purchased
Meters repaired .......
Miscellaneous work performed in Distribution Divison
for year ........
New services and summary of services, Somerville
Chelsea and Everett
Off and on service
Private gates established and abandoned .
Private mains laid
Purposes, water taken by annual rates
Purposes, water taken by meters
Quantities taken by meters ....
Eainfall at Chestnut-Hill reservoir, 1897 .
Eainfall at different places in 'Massachusetts for 1897,
Eainfall at Lake Cochituate, 1897 ....
PAGE
165
38
37
89,99
93,94
163
91
92
96,97
98
60
59
82-88
69-80
81
63-68
102-104
100, 101
120
38,45
40
39
40
39
41
41, 42
95
99
36
90
81
28
32
34
147, 148
183
181
206
Table of Contents.
PAGE
Bainfall, Mystic water-shed from 1878 to 1897 . . 194-197
Eainfall on Cochituate water-shed, 1863 to 1897 . 185-190
Rainfall on Mystic lake water-shed, 1897 . . . 182
Eainfall on Sudbury water-shed, 1897 ... 180
Eailfall on Sudbury water-shed, 1875 to 1897 . . 191-193
Service-pipes laid and abandoned in 1897-98 . . 61, 62
Statement of operations at Chestnut-Hill pumping-
station for 1897 174, 175
Statement of operations at East Boston pumping-
station for 1897 178
Statement of operations at Mystic pumping-station
for 1897 176,177
Statement of operations at West Boxbury pumping-
station for 1897 179
Statistics of storage and rainfall at Lake Cochituate
from 1852 to 1897 166-168
Statistics of storage and rainfall at Mystic lake from
1876 to 1897 171, 172
Statistics of Sudbury-river water, rainfall collected,
etc., from 1875 to 1897 169,170
Temperature of air and water of various stations on
works ......... 184
Temperatures of water 141, 142
"Waste detection 37
Water-posts established and abandoned during the year, 50, 93
Water pumped, etc., ISTatick filter-beds . ... 119
Water-takers 28
Yield of Sudbury-river water-shed from 1875 to
1897 . 106,107,198,199
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