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ANNUAL REPORT
_ jiw -■»■■■.
OF THB
ii^tfe-E
SECRETARY OF WAR
TOB
THE YE^R 1891.
IN FIVE VOLUMES.
VOLUME II-IN SIX PARTS.
PART 4.
WASHINGTON:
OOVEBNMBNT PRINTING OFFIOB.
1891.
\
IV CONTENTS.
In the chabgk op Capt. Fredbric V. Abbot, Corps of Engineers—
Waocamaw River to Waocamaw Lake, N. C. and Si C, 170; Lumber River, N. I
S. C, Little Pedee River, S. C, 171; Great Pedee River, S. C, Clark River,
172; Min^o Creek, S. C, Santee River, S.C., 173: Wateree River, S.C., Coa
River, S. C., 174: Chiirloston Harbor, S. C, 175; Aslilev River, S. C, WappooC
C, 176 ; Edisto River, S. C, 177 ; Salkahatchie River, S. C, Beaufort River, a i
moving sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, ITS; •
ination, 179.
In the charge op Capt. O. M. Carter, Corps op Engineers —
Savannah River and Harbor, Ga., 179; Savannah River, Ga., Darien Harboi
180; Altamaha River, Ga., Oconee River, Ga., 181; Ocmuleee River, Ga., I
wick Harbor, Ga., 182; Jekyl Creek, Ga., 183; Cumberlana Sound, Ga. and
removing sunken vessels or' craft obstructing or endangering navigation, e
nations and surveys, 184.
In the charge op Capt. W. M. Black, Corps of Engineers —
St. Johns River, Fla., 185; Ocklawaha River, Fla., 186; Volusia Bar, Fla., 187
bor at St. Augustine, Fla., northwest entrance. Key West Harbor, Fla., 188; i
sahatchee River, Fla.. 189; channel of Charlotte Harbor and Pease Creek, f^a
Sarasota Bav, Fla., Manatee River, Fla., 191; Tampa Bay, Fla., 192; With
ohee River, Ma., harbor at Cedar Keys, Fla., 193; Suwanee River, Fla., 194; •
inations, 195.
In the charge of Capt. Philip M. Price, Corps of Engineers —
Apalachicola Bay, Fla., 196; Apalachicola River, Fla., including Xfee Sloogli
Flint River, Ga., 198; Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala., 199; La Grange J
and Holmes River, Fla., 200; Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and Ala., 201; 1
atPensacola, Fla., 202; Escambia and Conecuh rivers, Fla. and Ala., 203; Alt
River, Ala., ^^; Tallapoosa River, Ala., 206; Coosa River, Ga. and Ala., 20^
erating and care of canals and other works of navigation on Coosa River, Gi
Ala., Cahaba River, Ala., 210; examinations, 211.
In the charge op Maj. A. N. Damrell, Corps of Engineers —
Mobile Harbor, Ala., 211; Warrior and Tombigbee rivers, Ala. and Miss., 212;
Warrior River, Ala., from Tuscaloosa to Daniels Creek, 215: Noxubee River,
Pascagoula River, Miss., 217; Chickasahay River, Miss., Bluff Creek, Miss.
River, Miss., 218; harbor at Biloxi, Miss., Pearl River, Miss., below Jacksoi
Pearl River, Miss., between Jackson and Carthage, Pearl River, lOas., hv
Edinburg and Carthage, Bogue Chitto, La., 220; examination, 221.
In the charge op BIaj. James B. Quinn, Corps op Engineers —
Inspection of the improvement of the South Pass of the Mississippi Rivei
Cnefuncte (Tchefuncte) River and Bogue Falia, La., Tickfaw River and its
taries, La., 222; Amite River and Bayou Manchac, La., 223; Bayou LaFoi
La., Bayou Terrebonne, La., 224; Bayou Plaquemino, La., Bayou Conrtal
La., 225; Bayou Teche, La., mouth and passes of Calcasieu River, La., 226
bor at Sabine Pass, Tex., 227; Sabine River, Tex., Neches River, Tex., rem
sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, 22H3; examini
and survey, 229.
In the charge of Lieut. John Milus, Corps op Engineers —
Securing mouth of Bayou Plaquemine, La., from further caving, removing si
vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation of New Orleans H)
La., 231.
In the charge of Maj. Charles J. Allen, Corps of Engineers —
Entrance to Galveston Harbor, Tex., 231; ship channel in Galveston Bay, Tex
Trinity River, Tex., Cedar Bayou, Tex., 2*33; Buffalo Bayoif, Tex., harbor a1
£03 Santiago, Tex., 231 ; examinations and survey, 235.
\
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OONTEN^TS.
[Alphabetical index will be foond at the end of each part.]
PAET I.
OFFICERS OF THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Ckakgks during year, distribntion of officers, 3 ; officers detached, recommendations
as to examinations for promotion, 4.
FORTIFICATIONS.
General statement, 4; defense of Boston Harbor, Mass., 6; defense of New York
Harbor, N. Y., defense of Washington, D. C, 7; defense of Hampton Roads, Ya.j
defense of San Francisco Harbor, Cal., 8.
PROTECTION OF SITE OF FORT NIAGARA, NEW YORK.
In the charge of Capt. Dan C. Kingman, Corps of Engineers 8
SEA WALL AND EMBANKMENT AT DAVIDS ISLAND, NEW YORK HARBOR.
In the charge of Col. D. C. Houston, Corps of Engineers 9
SEA WALLS AT GOVERNORS ISLAND, NEW YORK HARBOR.
In the cilarge of Col. D. C. Houston, Corps of Engineers 9
BEACH PROTECTION, WATER SUPPLY, AND SEWERAGE SYSTEM AT FORT
MONROE, VIRGINIA.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. Peter C. Hains, Corps of Engineers 10
REPAIR AND PRESERVATION OF FORT MARION, FLORIDA.
In the charge of Capt. W. M. Black, Corps of Engineers 11
ESTIMATES OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FORTIFICATIONS REQUIRED FOR
1892-'93 11
THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS.
Officers constituting Board, summary of reports rendered, 11 ; additional duties
of indiyidual members, 14.
POST OF WILLETS POINT, NEW YORK.— UNITED STATES ENGINEER
SCHOOL.— BATTALION OF ENGINEERS.— ENGINEER DEPOT.
Officer in command, Lieut. Col. W. R. King, Corps of Engineers —
Post of Willets Point, United States Engineer School, Battalion of the Corps of En-
gineers, 15; Engineer Depot, statement of funds, 16.
\
n * coNTEyrfs.
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In \t\\ k :'. \rs\., .'^ ^■.':. P \.'. lU»i nu»n. \.\»ur> ok KnvUNI Ki:s—
M\M!. ;.' M V . :• . [\\ I ■..-« K.M'V. v.'.«::n.. U»; New l.oii.lon Harl»«»r. i'o
•■.::i l.'xk-: >i <x> ii;- k\«v;:. t^l ; l>iu-k Ul.n».l Havl'Or. V^'oUlK. Clill
v'i':i-' {'l' N.'\ :;.i\i:i \'' ::"-.M. V\':::i.. 1*7; !'n'.ik\\ itiT »V Nr\v llavi i
M":«':«! !i. ::■■:. k'.'M'-. '. ".. ;x.; iiMMi" K':\ fi\ v"i»':5i.. iV ; lU ;il'.;e]«oit Ha
Ivf.V !:... 'v :;i!--.-! v. :o: No!\x.':k lla:'..»r. ro*iM.. \ViNon W
v'"- ■< i. I mM:.- l.'x-.: !l i; IsT, v'v'V.n.. St.mi;'.'iil liail'.«r. i.'oivil., TJ
• ■ 5;.:^.■■ N ^ .; ! :,' i! II i::«.'V. \. \.. K, ::o Uav'>,i:-. .N<-w i;o
^' '* •'"'•'■ ■ ::. ■ ■■ N > . i" i . r.;-i v'l'.esur V ivek. N. \.. iirn-iiri-r
^ * ' ■ ■•'■! ■' ■"■■■ ■■-•:: 1-' ■:. N. \ .. U viTiiU'iT H:;i^»i»r' N.
^ ■•^^; '5 ' '•■ N ^ :-■■■.-. ^. N ^ ,::; r.:^ :;.-■:,■ i:ix::-, \. v..
In lii'- i::v:.K :.. .'- \ u '. I v\:. v.:. I. ^.;: : i j,>ni , Cvuirs of Knuinv
ll,.'x,.. K- X.- N > N' . : is:-,.! ,: s,*!:;.m!.-.x. \.Y..Si*: harbor at K.»
N^ \\ *;.-. . ., . v-.-«"v N \ . U:i:rM; JC.xri. \. V.. ^i; ivmoxir.- o*.-
? i.». !C M J I'l.i ll.:* ,. ll,-. N. ^ . '^i*: Nrw !.«\\ n iit'ck. N. Y., S7; li-aller::
\. w ^ .. \ :;•!:■.. I sn v,..\x ;:,:■- r».ix. \ \ .ni; \m \o!k Har'^or. N.
.ill Ji.js N .» ■•." »« I'.Mi'i- !*.i:!K^-:i \r.v«i-!> t»r er.ilt ol*5.li»irlin:; oi
n ' CONTEXTS.
RIVER AND HARBOR IMrROVKMENTS.
GrxKRAL STATKMENT, rciiioval of wrecks, exaniinations and survovs, purcl
Portage Lake canals, Michigan, 17; harbor lines, bridges, 18; occnpancy or
of public works, engineer divisions. South Pass of the Missif^sippi River, 19.
ATLANTIC COAST AND GULF OF MEXICO.
In the ciiauge of Lieut. Col. Jared A. Smith, Corps of Engineers —
St. Croix River, Me., Luhec Channel, Me., 19; Mooseabec Bar, Me.^ Pleasant '.
Me., 20; Narraguagus River, Me., breakwater from Mount Desert to Pore
Island, Me., 21; Bagaduoe River, Me., 22; Penobscot River, Me., Belfast H;
Mo., 23; Camden Harbor, Me., 24; Rockport Harbor, Me., Rockland Harbor
25; Kennebec River, Me., Harraseeket River, Me., 26; Portland Harbor,
channel in Back Cove, Portland, Me., 27; breakwater at month of Saco 1
Me., Saco River, Me., 28; Kennebunk River, M©., York Harbor, Me., 29; ]
mouth Harbor, N. II., Bellamy River, N. H., 30; Cocheco River, N. H.,harl
refuge at Little Harbor, N. H., 31; removing sunken vessels or craft obstru
or endangering navigation, examinations and surveys, 32.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. S. M. Man:«fiei.i>, Corps of Engineers—
Kewburyport HarlK)r, Mass., 33; Merrimac River, Mass., 34; Powow River, A
Ipswich River, Mass.. 3,'>; harbor of refuge, Sandy Bay, Cape Ann, Mass., Glo
ter Harbor, Mass., 3t>; Manchester Harbor, Mass., 37; Salem Harbor, Mass
Lynn Harbor, Mass., '30; Winthrop Harbor, Mass., Boston Harbor, Mass., 40;
mouth River, Mass., Hingham Harbor, Mass., 42; Soituate Harbor, Mass.
Plymouth Harbor, Mass., AVellticet Harbor, Mass., 44; Provincetown Ha
Miiss., 4.^; Chatham Harbor, Mass., examinations and surveys, 46.
In the charge of Maj. W. R. Livermore, Corps of Engineers—
Harbor of refuge at Hyannis. Mass., harbor of refuge at Nantucket, Mass.,
Marthas Vineyard inner harbor at Edgartown, Mass., 49; Vineyard ILaven Ha:
Mass., Wareham Harbor, Mass., 50; New Bedford Harbor, Mass. 51 ; Westport
bor, Mass., 52; Taunton River. Mnss., 53; l*awtucket River, R. I., Providence J
and Narragansett Bay, R. L, 54 ; removal of Green Jacket Shoal, Providence R
R. 1.. 5.*>; Greenwich Bay, R. I., 56; cove and water-way near Coaster Ha
Island, R. I., Newport Harbor, R. I.. 57; harbor of refuge at Point Judith, 1
58; harbor of refuge at Block Island, R. I.. 59; Pawcatuck River. R, I. and Cc
harbor of refuge at Stonington, Conn.. 60; removing sunken vessels or (
obstructing or endangering navigation, 61 ; examinations and surveys, G2.
In the charge of Col. D. C. Houston, Corps of Engineers—
Mystic River, Conn., Thames River. Ctmn., 63; New London Harbor, Conn., Con
ticut River, Mass. and Conn.. 64; Duck Island Harbor. Conn., ClintoH Hai
Conn., 66; New Haven Harbor, Conn.. 67; breakwater i^ New Ilaven, Conn.
Milford Harbor, Conn., Housatonic River, Conn., 6l*; Bridgeport Harbor^Cc
Black Rock Harbor, Conn.. 70; Norwalk Harbor, Conn,, Wilson Point Hai
Conn., 71; Five Mile River Harbor, Conn., Stamford Harbor, Conn., 72; Port C
ter Harbor, N. Y., 73; Larehmont Harbor, N. Y., Echo Harbor, New Rochelle, N
New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y., 74; East Chester Creek, N. Y., Greenport Harbo
Y., 75; harbor at Port Jetterson lulot. N. Y., Huntington Harbor, N. Y., 76; <
Cove Harbor, N. Y.. Flushing 15ay, N. Y..77; Patchogue River, N. Y., 78; Bro
Oeek, Say ville, N. Y., examinations and surveys, 79.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie, Corps of Engineers—
Hudson River, N. Y., 81; harbor at Saugerties, N. Y., 82; harbor at Rondout, N
83; Wappinger Creek, N. Y., Harlem River, N. Y., Rt; removing obstructioi
East River and Hell Gate. N. Y., S6: Newtown Cn»ek. N. Y.. 87; Buttermilk Chai
New York Harbor, S8; Gowanus Bay, N. Y., 89; New Yc»rk Harbor, N. Y., 90; I
tan Bay, N. J.. 1^2; removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangc
navigation, examinations and surveySi 93.
Of Ckf-t. Thomab L. Cacby, floRPS or Ghcixukhii—
ilet, N. ¥.. M: Caiiutsle liny, N.Y., 95j SUMpaliead Baj, N.Y.. WlJ
inrKiU, 7f. Y. andM. J., 97; clutiiiiflllMlw«enHUteiiJi]aiid atidNew Jermy.ttSH
taio River, N. J., 99; EliiAlietb Rlv«r, K. J.. 100; Rtthva? River, M. J., lOlil
itaTi Eiver, N. J,, 108; Soiitli Blver, N. J., 103; Keypo^'' Harbor N. J., Ma«»iP
__i Cieek, N.J., 101) Shniil Horljor and Comptnn Croc^k, N.J^lOB; 8hrnw«bUTJ-,
.Itbt, S.J., Manaflqiian (Sqnan) River, N. J., l(m; removing annkeii veuels i
ilMtiuctisg or ondongtriog navigiitlon, examlunttanB and §urve7, 107.
<r Maj. C. W. Batmoxd, CORfs uit ExuiitBans—
wamu-B luvttr, Pn, Mid N, J,, UWl hultor lietWMii rLit«ii^1|>li' i. r i .
den,N.J„UO! Schuylliill Bivet, P»., 113; icft-hMbornt Mnivi; :
bar at faenit of Delaware Bay, DoU 113; oonatructlou of irmi ji'
near Lewes, Uel., 114; hurUiir at U«liiwiiic Broskwater, Del,, li .
N^J-,lIfii iUownyCreck, N.J.,Mmi»keRiver, N.J.. 117; n-iii..', u ..; ,.,,,
DeJawaro Bny nacl RivtT, n-raovhig sunken vesfloU or truft obniruding or
gpriug BEivigut' - ' -• _ . _ I ..n
nington Haclior, Del., 110; loe-bubor at New Cutle, Del., 12ui au) __
vnlc River, Del.. Smyruit River, Del., 121 ; St. Jones River, Del., HiBpillioD Crael^ .1
Ml., Itronukilu Hivcr, Del.. 122; inliuiil water-way troui Chincoteagno Bay, Vik^ .^
p Delawore Bav. ut or near Lewoa, Del., 123; Siisqin^lmnna River, nhove nnil ha-
rw Httvto de Grace, Md., Nartli Kast River, Md., IZi; Klk Rivor, Md., 125; Knir-
e Creek, Md., Chester River, Md., IVoin Cranjptun to Johm Landing, ISBf CIiop-
uik River, Md., Cambridge Harbor, Md., 137; Wicumko Biver, Md^ 128: Mano-
'aRivor, Md.,OQaocook Harliof.Vu., 129; liorlior at Cape Charles City, va,, and
iproadiwt by ChciiMo (Cherrystone) Inlut, 130; removing ganken vesBels or Praft J
patruotiuj; or einliiugering naviyutiun, uxuininntious and survoys, 131.
ttBK, CUiUOlC Oy COI.. WlLUAll p. CRAIGUILL, COBPB OF ENniXBKltS—
nore, Md., 132; Jumea River, Va., ISt; oxantl
B OHAKOK OF hlKVt. COI~ PHTKH C. UAISS, ColtPB OK ExQIXKRllS—
Bomini Croek, Va,., 110; Patuxent Rivi>F, Md,, 141; Rappabnnuock Rivi-r, th,, -^
TfclMum Creek, Va., 142; York River, Va., 1*3; Mattaponi Hiver, Va., Ul; P*. j
~ ikey Biver, Va., examinations and surveys, 146. -
oj Capt. G. J. FiBnBOBii, Cows op Esijinkbhs—
_JIOf Notfolk, und its approacbM, Va., 146; approaoh to Norfolk Harbor and
j» Ifaited Btatea (Norfolk) navy-yard between Lambert Point and Fort Norfolk,
ai HMnpton Creek and Bar, Va., Nansoinond Biver, Va., 146; CliiokaJiominy
"~«, T»., 149; Appomattox River. Va., 150; inland water route from Norfolk
■■iw, Va,, to Albemnrle Sound, N, C, throneh Cnrriluck Sound, North Land-
__JviM, Va. and N. C, 151; CurrlCiK'k Soiinu. Coanjok Hiiy, ;itid North Hiver
■TrK. C, cxamiiintionB, 153.
t cHAiiGE 01' Catt. W. H. Bixby, Corps ok ExoixEGRe—
Staonton River, Va., 153; RoanokoRiver.Va. and N.C.. 154; Pasquotank River, N.O.,
Harokoy Cr«ok, N. C, IM; Ooraooke Ink-t, H. C, Fishing Creek, N. C, 156; Para-
Uoo and Tor rivers, N. C, 167; Contcntnia Creek, N. C, Treat River, N. C., J58j
Neose River, N.C., 159; inland wator- way between New Bcnioand Beaufort, M.C.,
'~)} harbor at Beaufort, N. C, 101 ; inland water-way between Beaufort llarbor
pd New Blver, N. C-, water-way between New Rivor and Swauaboro, N. C, 163;
pYrRi7er,N.C.,163: Nurth East (Cape Pear) River, N. C, Block Rivor, N.C.,
6:GepeFe(vrBivor,K. C, above Wilmingtr- ""'- " — <.•—-«=.— w -^ -. ._j
4
r Wilmingt'Oii^lfiS; I^ckwood'u
. \IT at Ooorgi'towu, 8, C, lOtS; VVinj art un
\ obstraoting ot endangering navigation, ]
.on; Cape Fear Rlver,N.C.,atBiiu
r. N, C„ Yadkin Rivnr, N.C., 167;
B. C, remuviiig siiiikun vassela W - '
'; exauinatiouB, 170.
IV CONTENTS,
In the chabox of Caft. Fredsric V. Abbot, Cobps of Enginebbs —
Waccamaw River to Waocamaw Lake, N. C. and Si C, 170; Lumber River.
S. C, Little Pedee River, S. C, 171 ; Great Pedee River, S. C. Clark Rr
172; Min^o Creek, S. C, Santee River, S.C., 173; Wateree River, S.C.,
River, S. C., 174: Charleston Harbor, S. C, 175; Asnlev River, S. C, Wapp
C, 176 ; Edisto River, S. C, 177 ; Salkahat^hie River, "S. C, Beaufort River
moving sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, I
ination, 179.
In the charge of Capt. O. M. Carter, Corps of Engineers —
Savannah River and Harbor, Ga., 179; Savannah River, Ga., Darien Hai
180: Altamaha River, Ga., Oconee River, Ga., 181; Oomulgee River, Ga
wick Harbor, Ga., 182; Jekyl Creek, Ga., 183; Cumberland Sound, Ga. j
removing sunken vessels or' craft obstructing or endangering navigatio:
nations and surveys, 184.
•
In the charge of Capt. W. M. Black, Corps of Engineers—
St. Johns River, Fla., 185; Ocklawaha River, Fla., 186; Volusia Bar, Fla.,
bor at St. Augustine, Fla., northwest entrance. Key West Harbor, Fla., 18
sahatchee River, Fla., 189 ; channel of Charlotte Harbor and Pease Creek,
Sarasota Bay, Fla., Manatee River, Fla., 191; Tampa Bay, Fla., 192; Vi
ohee River, Fla., harbor at Cedar Keys, Fla., 193; Suwanee River, Fla., IS
inations, 195.
In the charge of Capt. Phujp M. Price, Corps of Engineers—
Apalachicola Bay, Fla., 196; Apalachicola River, Fla., including l^ee Slo
Flint River, Ga., 198; Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala., 199; La Gran
and Holmes River, Fla^ 200; Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and Ala., 20:
at Pensacola, Fla., 202 ; Escambia and Conecuh rivers, Fla. and Ala., 203 ;
River, Ala., 204; Tallapoosa River, Ala., 206; Coosa River, Ga. and Ala.
erating and care of canals and other works of navigation on Coosa Rivei
Ala., Cahaba River, Ala., 210; examinations, 211.
In the charge of Maj. A. N. Damreix, Corps of Engineers —
Mobile Harbor, Ala., 211; Warrior and Tombig^bee rivers, Ala. and Miss., 21
Warrior River, Ala., from Tuscaloosa to Daniels Creek, 215; Noxubee Ri'v
Pascagoula River, Miss., 217 ; Chickasahay River, Miss., Bluff Creek, M
River, Miss., 218; harbor at Biloxi, Miss., Pearl River, Miss., below Jacl
Pearl River, Miss., between Jackson and Carthage, Pearl River, Miss.,
Edinburg and Carthage, Bogue Chitto, La., 220; examination, 221.
In the charge of Maj. James B. Quinn, Corps of Engineebs —
Inspection of the improvement of the South Pass of the Mississippi R
Chefnncte (Tchefuncte) River and Bogue Falia, La., Tickfaw River and
taries. La., 222; Amite River and Bayou Manchac. La., 223; Bayou La
La., Bayou Terrebonne, La., 224: Bayou Plaquemine, La., Bayou Cou
La., 225; Bayou Teche, La., moutn and passes of Calcasieu River, La.,
bor at Sabine Pass, Tex., 221; Sabine River, Tex., Neches River, Tex., :
sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, 228; exai
and survey, 229.
In the chabge of Liettt. John Milus, Cobps of Engineebs—
Securing mouth of Bayou Plaquemine, La., from farther caving, removini
vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation of New Orleans
La., 23L
In the chabge of Maj. Chables J. Allen, Cobps of Engineebs —
Entrance to Galveston Harbor, Tex., 231; ship channel in Galveston Bay, '
Trinity River, Tex., Cedar Bayou, Tex., 233; Buffalo Bayorf, Tex., harbo
S08 Santiago, Tex., 234; examinations and survey^ 235.
\
V.
CONTENTS.
WESTERN RIVERS.
In the charge op Capt. J. H. Willard, Corps of Engineers —
Eted River, La. and Ark., 236; Red River above FultOD, Ark., 237; Ouachita and
Black rivers, Ark. and La., 238; Onachita River above Camden, Ark., 239; Bayoa
lyArbouue, La., Bayou Bartholomew, La. and Ark., 240; Bayou BcBuf (Bobui River)
La., Tcusas River and Bayou Ma^on, La., 241; bayous Rondeway and Vidal, La.,
Big Black River, Miss., 242; Yazoo River, Miss., 243; Tchula Lake, Miss., Talla-
hatchie River, Miss., Steele Bayou and Washington Bayou, Miss., 244; Big Sun-
Aower River, Miss., 245; Bi^ Hatchee River, Ten n.. Forked Deer River, Tenn.,
water gauges on Mississippi River and its principal tributaries, 246; survey of
Cypress Bayou and the lakes between Jefferson, Tex., and Shreveport, La., 248;
examinations, 249.
In the charge of Capt. H. S. Taber, Corps of Engineers —
Removing obstructions in Arkansas River, Ark., lud. Ter., and Kans., 249; Arkan-
sas River, Ark^ Ind. Ter., and Kans., 250; Fourche River, Ark^ 251; Petit Jean
River, Ark., White River, Ark., 252; Cache River, Ark., 253; Little Red River,
Ark., Black River, Ark. and Mo., 254; Black River, Mo., St. ]?rancis River, Ark.,
255; St. Francis River, Mo., Little River, Mo. and Ark., 256; examinations and
survey, 257.
In the charge of Capt. S. W. Roessler, Corps op Engineers —
Examinations of Mississippi River, at Memphis Harbor. Tenn. ; from Lake Cou^^y^
Tenn., to Fulton County, Ky., north and west of Reelfoot Lake, 257.
«
In the charge of Maj. A. M. Miller, Corps of Engineers —
Removing snags and wrecks from Mississippi River, 258 ; Mississippi River between
the Ohio and Illinois rivers, 259; harbor at St. Louis. Mo., 260; Gasconade River,
Mo., 261; Osage River, Mo., 262; Kaskaskia River, 111., 263.
In the charge of Maj. E. H. Ruffner, Corps of Engineers —
Mississippi River between Des Moines Rapids and mouth of Illinois River, 263; ex-
amination, 264.
In the charge of Maj. A. Mackenzie^ Corps of Engineers —
Operating snag boats and dredge boats on Upper Mississippi River, 264: Mississippi
River between Minneapolis and Des Moines Rapids, 265j Des Mouies Kapids, Mis-
sissippi River, operating and care of Des Moines Rapids Canal and Dry Dock,
266; examinations and survey, 267.
In the charge of Maj. W. A. Jones, Corps of Engineers —
Mississippi River above Falls of St. Anthony, Minn., reservoirs at headwaters of
Mississippi River, 268; Chippewa River, including Yellow Banks, Wis., 270; St.
Croix River, Wis. and Minn., Minnesota River, Minn., 271 ; Red River of the
North, Minn, and N. Dak., 272; gauging Mississippi River at or near St. Paul,
Minn., 273; examinations and survey, 274.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. Charles R. Suter, Corps of Engineers —
Examination of Missouri River, from the old mouth of Platte River, Little Point, to
a point opposite Leavenworth; and at Weston, Mo., 275.
In the charge of Capt. Chas. F. Powell, Corps of Engineers—
Missouri River between the Great Falls, Mont., and Sioui^City, Iowa, 275; Yellow-
stone River, Mont, and N. Dak., 276; examinations and surveys, 277.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. J. W. Barlow, Corps of Engineers —
Tennessee River above Chattanooga, Tenn., and below Bee Tree Shoal, Ala., 278;
Hiawassee River, Tenn., French Broad River, Tenn., 280; Clinch River, Tenn.,
281; Cumberland River, Tenn. and Ky., 282; Caney Fork River, Tenn., 284;
South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky.; examinations and survey, 285.
Vt CONTENtS.
Ik the cHAitoE OF Lieut. Geobob W. Gobthals, Corps of Engikbebs —
Tennessee River between Chattanooga, Tenn., and foot of Bee Tree Shoals, A
operating and care of Muscle Shoals Can^, Tennessee River, 287 ; exant
288.
IX TUB CHABGB OF LlEUT. COL. WiLUAM E. MERRILL, CORPS OF ENOIKEBS
Ohio River, 288; operating snag boats on Ohio River, operating and care o)
Island Dam, Ohio River, movable dam in Ohio River near mouth of
River, Pa., Monongahela River, W. Va. and Pa., 290; operating and <
looks and dams Nos. 8 and 9, Mononsahela River, purchase of I^ck an
No. 7, Monongahela River, purchase of Lock and Dam No. 6. Monongahela
Cheat River, W. Va., 291 ; Allegheny River, Pa., dam at Herr Island, All«
River, 292 ; ice-harbor at mouth of Muskingum River, Ohio, Musking^xim
Ohio, operating and care of locks and dams on Muskingum River, Ohio, 2
aminations, 294.
In the charge of Maj. G. J. Lydecker, Corps of Engineers —
Falls of the Ohio River, Louisville, Ky., 295; Indiana Chute. Falls of the
River, operating and care of Louisville and Portland Canal, Ky., 296; V9
River, Ind. and 111., 297; WTiite River, Ind., examination, 298.
In the charge of Col. Wiluam P. Craighill, Corps of Engineers —
Great Kana^rha River, W. Va., 299; operating and care of locks and dams on
Kanawha River, W. Va., Elk River, W. Va., 300; Gauley River, W.Ta., 801:
River, from the mouth of Wilson, in Grayson County, Va., to the mouth of C
briar River, W. Va., 302; examination, 303.
In the charge of Maj. D. W. Lockwood, Corps of Engineers —
Tradewater River, Ky., operating and keeping in repair locks and dams on <
and Barren river8,"Ky., 304 j Rough River, Ky., Kentucky River, Ky., 305;
ating and keeping in repair locks and dams on Kentucky River^ Ky., Li
River, Ky., from larmer to West Libertv, 306; Bic Sandy River, W. Va. anc
Levisa Fork. Big Sandy River, Ky., 307 T Tug Fork, Big Sandy River, W. Yi
Ky., Guyandotte River, W. Va., Little Ktmawha River, W. Va., 308; Buckhi
River, W. Va., examinations, 309.
LAKE HARBORS AND RIVERS.
In the charge of Capt. W. L. Fisk, Corps of Engineers —
Harbor at Grand Marais, Minn., 310; harbor at Agate Bay, Minn., harbor at Dt
Minn., 311; harbor at Superior Bay and St. Louis Bay, Wis,, 312; Minnesota]
at Superior, Wis., harbor at Ashland, Wis., 313; harbor at Ontonagon, Mich.
Eagle Harbor, Mich., harbor at Marquette, Mich., 315; harbor of refuge at (
Marais, Mich., resurvey and relocation of liarbor line in Portage Lake, Houj
County, Mich., examinations and survey, 316.
In the charge of Maj. Ch.uiles E. L. B. Davis, Coups of Engineers —
Maiiistiqnc Harbor, Mich., 317; Cedar River Harbor, Mich., Menomonee Hj
Mich, and Wis., Menomonee River, Mich, and Wis., 318; Oconto Harbor, Wis..
saukee Harbor, Win., 319; Green Bay Harbor, Wis., 320; harbor of reiftige :
trance of Sturgeon Bay Canal, Wis., Ahnapee Harbor, Wis., 321; Keirannee
bor, Wis., Two Rivers Harbor, Wis., 322; Manitowoc Harbor, Wis., ShelM
Harbor, Wis., .^^; Port Washington Harbor, Wis., 324; harbor of refnge a1
waukee Bay, Wis., Milwaukee Harbor, Wis., 325; Racine Harbor, Wis., Ke;
Harbor, Wis., 326; Waukegan Harbor, 111., ^; Fox and Wisconsin rivers,
328; operating and care of locks and dams on Fox River, Wis., 329.
In the charge of Capt. W. L. Marshall, Corps of Engineers—
Chicago Harbor, HI., 329; Calumet Harbor, 111., 330; Calumet River, IlL and
331; Illinois River, 111., 332; operating and care of La (^rangc Lock, Illinois]
m., 333; Illinois and Mississippi Canal^ 334; examination and survey, 895.
CONTENTS. Vn
In the CHAttGE OF MaJ. WiLLlAM LUDLOW, CORPS OF ENGINEERS—-
Petoskey Harbor, Mich.; Charlevoix Harbor and entrauce to Pine Lake, Mich., S36;
Kranlaort Harbor, Mich., harbor of refuge at Portage Lake, Mich., 837; Manistee
Harbor, Mich., Ludington Harbor, Mich., 338; Pentwater Harbor, Mich., White
River Harbor, Mich., ^: Muskegon Harbor, Mich., Grand Haven Harbor, Mich.,
340; Holland (Black Lake) Harbor, Mich., 341; 6aneatnck Harbor, Mich., South
Haven Harbor, Mich., 342; St. Joseph Harbor, Mich., St. Joseph River, Mich., 343;
Michigan City Harbor, Ind., 344; examination and survey, 3^.
In the charob op Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers—
St. Marys River, Mich., 345; operating and care of St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich.,
dry dock at St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich., 346; Hay Lake Channel, St. Marys
River, Mich., 347; harbor at Cheboygan, Midi., harbor at Thunder Bay, Mich.,348;
Thunder Bay River, Mich., 350; harbor at Au Sable, Mich., Suginaw River, Mich.,
351; harbor of refuge at Sand Beach, Lake Huron, Mich., 3^; Black River at
Port Huron, Mich., 3o4; mouth of Black River, Mich., 365; St. Clair Flats Canal,
Mich., 356; operating and care of St. Clair Flats Canal, Midi., Clinton River, Mich.,
358: Grosse Points Channel, Mich., 359; Rouge River, Mich., 360^ Detroit River,
Mion.^ removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangermg navigation,
361; examinations, 362.
In the charge of Maj. L. Cooper Overman, Corps of Engineers—
Monroe Harbor, Mich., 363; Toledo Harbor. Ohio, 364; Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio,
365; Sandusky City Harbor, Ohio, Sandusky River, Ohio, 366; Huron Harbor,
Ohio, 367: Vermillion Harbor, Ohio, 368; Black River Harbor, Ohio, 369: Cleve-
land Harbor, Ohio, 370; Fairport Harbor, Ohio, 371; Ashtabula Harbor, Onio,372;
examinations and surveyH, 373.
In the charge of Maj. A»ios Stickney, Corps of Engineers —
Erie Harbor, Pa., 373; preservation and protection of x)eninsula at Presque Isle,
Erie Harbor, Pa., Dunkirk Harbor, N. V., 374; Buffalo Harbor, N. Y., 375; Tona-
wanda Harbor and Niagara River, K. Y., Wilson Harbor, N. Y., 376; Olcott Harbor,
N. Y., Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y., 377; examination and survey, 378.
In the charge of Capt. Dan C. Kingman, Corps of Engineers—
Charlotte Harbor, N.Y., 378; Pultuoyville Harbor, N.Y., 379; harbor at Great Sodus
Bay, N.Y., harbor at Little Sodus Bay, N. Y., 380; Oswego Harbor, N. Y., 381; har-
bor at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., 382.
In the charge of Maj. M. B. Adams, Corps of Engineers—
1, Vt., Plattsburg Harbor, N. \., 885; Burlington Harbor, Vt.,
Otter Creek, V^t, 386; Ticonderoga River, N. Y., Narrows of Lake Champlain,
Lake Champlain
Otter Creek, Vt^ ^^, ^ .^^..^^.^t^» .
N. Y. and Vt., 387; examinations, 388.
PACIFIC COAST.
In the charge of Col. O. H. Mendell, Corps of Engineers—
Oakland Harbor^ Cal., 388; survey of San Francisco Harbor, San Pablo and Siiisun
bays, Stniit ot Oar<xuincz, uud mouths of San Jonquiu and Sacramento rivers, Cal.,
389.
Ik the charge of Lieut. Col. W. H. H. Benyaurd, Corps of Engineers—
Napa River, Cal., 889; Redwood Hfvrbor, .Cal., Redwood Creek, Cal., 390; San Luis
Obispo Harbor, Cal., Wilmington Harbor, Cal., 391; San Diego Harbor, Cal., 892;
examinations, 393.
In the cuakge of Maj. W. H. Heup:r, Corps of Engineers—
San Joaqnin River, Cal., 394; Mokelumno River, Cal., 395; Sacramento and Featliei
rivers, Cal., 396; Pctaluma Creek, Cal., Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Cal., 397;
examination and survey, investigation of mining-debris question in Sta.t^ oi C^-
fomia, 399.
Vin CONTENTS.
In the charge of Capt. Thomas W. Symoxs, Corps op Engineers —
Coquille River, Oregon, 399; entrance to Coos Bay and Harbor, Oregon, 4C
qua River, Oregon, Siuslaw River, Oregon, 402; Yaquuia Bay, Oregon, 40
mook Bay and Bar, Oregon, 404; Neliulem Bay, Oregon, ITpper Columbia ai
rivers, Oregon and Wash., 405; Columbia River between head of Roc
Rapids and foot of Priest Rapids, Wash., 406; Chehalis River, Wash., 407;
Steilaquauiish, Xootsack, Snohomish, and Snoqualniie rivers. Wash., 408;
atious and surveys, 409.
In the charge of Maj. Thomas H. Handbury, Corps op Engineers—
Mouth of Columbia River, Oregon and Wash., 412; constFuction of canal at '<
cades, Columbia River, Oregon, 414 ; Columbia and Lower Willamette rivei
Portland, Oregon, 416; Wifiamette River above Portland, Oregon, 417; •
River, Wash., 418; Young's and Klaskuine rivers, Oregon, gauging waten
lumbia River, Oregon and Wash., 419; removing sunken vessels or craft ol
ing or endangering navigation, examinations and surveys, 420.
EXAMINATIONS, SURVEYS, AND CONTINGENCIES OF RIVERS AND
BORS
SUPERVISION OF THE HARBOR OF NEW YORK
MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION
MISSOUTa RIVER COMMISSION
HARBOR LINES
Lubec, Me., Kennebec River at Bath, Me., Boston Harbor, Mass., New Yorl
bor and its adjacent waters, 424 ; Philadelphia, Pa., New Castle, Del., St. I
tine Harbor, Fla., 425; Duluth Harbor, Bay of St. Louis, Superior Bay and
lent waters, Minn, and Wis., Portage Lake, Mich., Chicago Harbor, HI
Francisco Harbor and adjacent waters, C.^l., San Pedro, Wilnungton Harboi
426; Humboldt Bay, Cal., Astoria Harbor, Oregon, 427.
BRIDGING NAVIGABLE WATERS OF THE L^NITED STATES.
(1) Bridge of Winona and Southwestern Railway Company across Mississippi
at Winona, Minn. ; (2) bridge across Powow River, between the towns of
bury and Salisbury, Mass., 4^; (3) bridge of Clinton and Illinois Bridge Coi
across Mississippi River near Clinton, lowa^ (4) bridge of Leavenworth and
County Bridge Company across Missouri River between Leavenworth, Kani
Platt« County, Mo., 428 ; (5) bridge of Charleston and South Side Bridge Coi
across Great Kanawha River at uharlestown, W. Va. ; (6) bridge of &egoi
way Extensions Company across Columbia River near Vancouver, Wash
bridge of The South Bound Railroad Company across Savannah River near
Ferry, Effingham County, Ga. ; (8) bridj^ of Houston, Central Arkansi
Northern Railroad Company across Little River, La.; (9) bridge of Wrich
and Tcnnille (Teunvilie) Railroad Company across Oconee River near Dubli:
429; (10) bridge of Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern Railroad Coi
across Ouachita River near Columbia, La.; (11) bridge of Kansas City Te:
Railway Company across Missouri River near Quindaro, Kans.; (12) bri*
city of St. Paul, Minn., across Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn.; jl3)
of Cable City Bridge Construction Company across Arkansas Kiver at Dardi
Ark.; (14) bridge of Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern Railroad Coi
across Red River at Upper Falls, near Alexandria, La. j (15) bridge of I
Dublin and Savannah Railroad Companyacross Oconee River at Dublin, G&
bridges of Tacoma, Olympia and Grays Harbor Railroad Company across CI
River between Aberdeen and Cosmopolis, Wash., and across Johns River n
confluence with Grays Harbor, Wash., 430; (17) bridges of Norfolk and W
Railroad Company across Tug Fork of Big Sandy River, 91 and 95i miles abo\
lettsburg, Ky. ; (18) bridge of Port View Bridge Companyacross Youghic
River at McKeesport, Pa.: (19) bridge of Inter-State Bridge and Street Ba
Company across Missouri River betweeu C.'ouncil Bluffs, Iowa, and East C
Nebr. ; (20) bridge of Northern Pacilic uud Puget Sound Shore Railroad Coi
across Duwamish (D'Wamhih; River near Seattle, Wash., (21) bridge of Sj
CONTENTS. IX
and Palonse Railway Company across Clearwater River, about 11 miles above
Lewieton, Idaho; (2§) bridge of Allegheny Bridge Company across Allegheny
River, at Sixth street, Pittsburg, Pa. ; (23) bridge of Messrs. i^ederick W. Dick-
inson et al, across channel separating Little Island from mainland at Osterville,
in town of Barnstable, Mass.; (24) bridgfi of city of Winona, Minn., across Miss-
issippi River at Winona, Minn., 431; (25) bridge of Missouri River and Land
Improvement and Construction Company across Missouri River near mouth of
^Kansas River; (26) bridge of Coos Bay, Roseburg and Eastern Railroad and Navi-
gation Company across Coal Bank Slough, in Coos County, Oregon; (27) bridge
of St. Clair, Madison and St. Louis Belt Railroad Com])any across Mississippi River
at Alton, 111. ; (28) temporary and permanent bridges ol Chicago and North- Western
Railway Company across North Branch of Chicago River near Kinzie street,
Chicago, 111.; (29) bridge of The Upper Bridge Company across Monon^ahela
River near Pittsburg, Pa. ; (30) bridge o£ Chicago and North Michigan Railroad
Company across Piue Lake, near Charlevoix, Mich. ; (31) bridge of commissioners
of public parks of the city o*f New York across Harlem River at 155th street and
McComb Dam Road, New York City, 432; (32) bridge of North River Bridge Com-
pany across Hudson River at New York City^ 433.
BRIDGES OBSTRUCTING NAVIGATION.
(1) Bridge across Ashley River^ S. C. ; (2) bridge across Swinomish Slough, Wash., 433;
(3) bridge across Green River (below Lock No. 1), at Spottsville, Ky. ; (4) bridge
across Muskingum River, between Marietta and Harmar, Ohio ; (5) bridge across
Muskingiim River, between Taylorsville and Duncan Falls, Ohio ; (6) bridge across
canal of Muskingum River at foot of Main street, Zauesville, Ohio ; (7) bridge across
Bayou Plaquemine, La., 434 ; (8) bridge across channel leading to Back Cove. Port-
land Harbor, Me. ; (9) bridge across Savannah River below Augusta, Ga. ; (10) oridge
across Tennessee River at Florence, Ala. ; (11) bridge across Little Tennessee River,
near Niles Ferry, Tenn. ; (12) bridge across Spuyten Duyvil Creek, N. Y. : (13) bridge
across Trout Creek, Ha., 435 ; (14) bridge across Chicago River at Canal street, Chi-
cago, 111. ; (15) bridge across Kentucky River at Frankfort, Ky., 436.
OCCUPANCY OF AND INJURY TO PUBLIC WORKS BY CORPORATIONS AND
INDIVIDUALS 436
MISCELLANEOUS.
WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT.
In the charge of Lieut. Col. George H. Elliot, Corps of Engineers —
Washington Aqueduct, 436; water supply, District of Columbia, 441; increasing
the water supply of Washington, D. C, 442; erection of fish ways at Great Falls,
443.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROLT^DS AND WASHINGTON M&NUMENT, DIS-
TRICT OF COLUMBIA.
In the charge of Col. O. H. Ernst, Major, Corps of Engineers 444
SURVEY OF THE NORTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN LAKES.
Survey at Marquette Harbor, Mich., 445.
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF CHARTS OF THE NORTHERN AND
NORTHWESTERN LAKES 445
CONSTRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF ROADS AND BRIDGES IN YEL-
• LOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.
In the charge of Maj. William A. Jones, Corps of Engineers 447
MILITARY AND OTHER MAPS 449
1 Contents.
RECONNAISSANCES AND EXPLORATIONS.
•*.
Officers on doty at headquarters of military divisions and dcpartmenti
in Division of the Missouri, 449 ; operations in Department of the Co
partment of the Platte, Division of the Pacific, 450.
ESTIMATES FOR AMOUNTS REQUIRED FOR SURVEYS AND R!
SANCES IN MILITARY DEPARTMENTS, AND FOR MAPS, INCI
WAR MAPS
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS.
Officers in charge of divisions, 451.
*
STATEMENT SHOWING RANK AND DUTIES OF OFFICERS OP T
OF ENGINEERS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 9G
LAWS AFFECTING THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS, FIFTY-FIRST (
SECOND SESSION, 1890-^1
FORTIFICATIONS, ETC.
APPENDIX No. 1.
REPORT OF CAPT. DAN C. KINGMAN, CORPS OP ENGINE
Protection of site of Fort Niagara, N. Y., 517.
APPENDIX No. 2.
REPORT OF COL. D. C. HOUSTON, CORPS OF ENGINEE
Improvements. — Sea wall and embankment at Davids Island, ^ew Y'
521 ; sea walls on Governors Island, New York Harbor, 524.
APPENDIX No. 3.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. PETER C. HAINS, CORPS OF ENGl
Improvements. — Beach protection at Fort Monroe, Va., 529; water su]
Monroe, Va., 53P; sewerage system at Fort Monroe, Va., 531.
APPENDIX No. 4.
REPORT OF CAPT. W. M. BLACK, CORPS OF ENGINEE]
Repair and preservation of Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Flu., 533.
APPENDIX No. 5.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. W. R. KING, COKPS OF ENGINE
Post of Willcts Point, N. Y., 537; United States Engineer School, 539;
Engineers, 540; Engineer Depot, 547; experiments, 550; statement of
estimates. 553. Appendixes : B, programme of study and instrnctioi
season, 553; C, i>rogrumme of study and instruction for summer sea
tests oif exx>losives, 559; E, tests of building materials, ^d5.
eONfENtS. it
RIVERS AKD HARBORS, ETC.
APPENDIX A.
f
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. JARED A. SMITH, CORPS OP ENGINEERS,
Impro>'VMBMTS. — St. Croix River, Me., 570; Lnbec Channel, Me., 571; Mooseabec
Bar, Me., 572 pleasant River, Me., 573; Narragnagns River, Me., 574; breakwater
from Moiiut Desert to Porcupine Island, Me., 576: Bagadace River, Me., 578;
Penobscot River, Me., 579; Belfast Harbor, Me., 58o: Camden Harbor, Me., 587;
Rockport Harbor, Me., 588: Rockland Harbor, Me., 589: Kennebec River, Me., 590;
Harraseeket River, Me., 594; Portland Harbor, Me., 595: channel in Back Cove,
Portland, Me., 597; breakwater at month of Saco River, Me., 598; Saco River, Me.,
599; Kennebnnk River, Me., 601; Tork Harbor, Me., 602; Portsmouth Harbor, N.
H., 604; Bellamy River. N. H., 6(XS; Cocheco River. N. H., 607: harbor of refuge at
Little Harbor, N. H., 608; removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endan-
gering navigation, 609.
Examinations. — Harbor of Blue Hill, Mo., 611; Pepperell Cove, Me., 614; Lnbec
Channel, Me., 616; Sullivan Falls, Me., 619.
Harbor Lines. — Establishment of harbor lines at Lubec, Me., 621 ; establishment
of harbor lines in Kennebec River at Bath, Me., 622.
APPENDIX B.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. S. M. Mi:NSFIELD. CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
iMPROVBNnsNTS. — ^Newburv-port Harbor, Mass., 626; Merrimac River, Mass., 628;
Powow River, Mass., 630; Ipswich River, Mass., 631; harbor of refuge, Sandy Bay,
Cape Ann, Mass., 632; Gloucester Harbor, Mass., 635; Manchester Harbor, Mass.,.
638; Sal'dm Harl)or, Mass.,* 639; Lynn Harbor, Mass., 641; Winthrop Harbor, Mass.,
644; Boston Harbor, Mass., 645; Weymouth River, Mass., 655; Hingham Harbor,
Mass., 636; Scituate Harbor, Mass., 658; Plymoutn Harbor, Mass., 660; Wellflcet
Harbor, Mass., 663; Provincetown Harbor, Mass., 665, Chatham Harbor, Mass., 667.
Examinations and Surveys. — North Rivnr, Salem, Mass., 668; shoals at the mouth
of North River, Mass., 670; Mystic and Maiden rivers, Mass., 672; Essex River,
Mass., 676; Town River, Mass., 679; Weymouth Back River, Mass., 682; Kingston
Harbor, Mass., 685.
Harbor Lines. — Entablishment of harbor lines in Boston Harbor, Mass., 688.
APPENDIX C.
R1:P0RT of MAJ. W. R. LIVERJ^ORE, corps OF ENGINEERS.
Improve^ients. — ^11 arbor of refuge at Hyannis, Ma^s., 694: harbor of refuge at
Nantucket, Mass. 696: Marthas Vineyaid, inner harl»or at Edgartown, Mass., 698:
Vineyai'l Haven Harbor, Ma«s., 700; Wareham Ha'bor, Mass., 701; New Bedford
Harbor, Mass., 70* ; Westport Harbor, Mass., 706; Taunton River, Mass., 707; Paw-
tncket River, R I., 709; Providence River and T/arragansett Bay, R. I., 712;
removal of Green Jacket ShoaJ, Providence River, B. I., 715; Greenwich Bay, R. I.,
716: co*'e and water way near Coaster Harbor Island, R. I.. 718; Newport Harbor,
R. I.,7lvl: harboi of refuge at Point Judith, R. I., 722; harbor of refuge at Block
Island, R. I., 723; Pawcatuck River, R. 1. and C«mn.,726; harbor of refuge at
Stonington, Conn., 728; removing sunken ve-ssels oi craft obstructing or endanger-
ing navigation, 721 L.
Examinations. — ^Narragansett Bay Channel, R. I., between Starve Goat Island and
the mainland, 733 j Watch Hill Cove, R. I., 735; Newport Harbor, R. I., south of
Goat Island, 730.
XV CONTENTS.
ArPEXDIX D.
REPORT OF COL. D. C. HOUSTON, CORPS OF ENGINEERS
IirPRO\nEMEXTS.— Mystic River, Conn., 740: Thames River. Conn., 742: New
Harbor. Conn.. 746: Connecticut River. Mass. and Conn., 748: harbor of n
Duck Island Harbor, Conn., 757: Clinton Harbor. Conn., 759: New Haven
Conn., 761: breakwater at New Haven, Conn.,76G: Milford Harbor, Cor
Honsatonic Kiver, Conn.. 773: Bridgeport Harbor, Conn., 778; Black Rock
Conn.. 784; Xorwalk Hiurbor, Conn., 78t5: harbor at Wilson Point, Conn., 78
Mile River Harbor, C«mn., 792: Stamford Harbor, Conn., 795; Port Chester i
N. y., 797: Larchmont Harbor, N. Y.. 800: Echo Harbor, New Rochelle,N.
NewRocbielle Harbor, N.Y.,804; East Chester Creek, N.Y., 806; Green]^-
bor, N. Y.. 811: Port Jeflerson Harbor, N. Y., 814; Hnntington Harbor, N.'
Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y., 820 ; Flushing Bay, N. Y., 822; Patchogue Rivei
825: Browns Creek, Sayville, N. Y., 828.
Examinations and Surveys. — Stony Creek River at Stony Creek, Conn.. 831 .
Cove, New London Harbor, Conn., ^53; Connecticut River, below Hartford,
836: Saugatnck River, Conn., 840; Mattituck Bay, N. Y., 843: Stamford E
Conn., 848; Cos Cob or Miamus Kiver, Conn., 852; Peconic River, N. Y., 85
Harbor, N. Y., 859.
APPENDIX E.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. G. L. GILLESPIE, CORPS OF ENGINEEJ
Improvements. — ^Hudson River, N. Y., 8&4 ; harbor at Sangerties, N. Y.,879; ]
at Rondout.N. Y.,882; Wappinger Creek, N. Y., 885 ; Harlem River, N. Y., 8!
moving obstructions in East River and Hell Gate, N, Y., 899: Newtown Creek
906; Bhtt-ermilk Channel, New York Harbor, 911; Gowanns Bay, N. Y., 914
York Harbor, N. Y., 922: Raritan Bay, N. J., 931; remoNing sunken vessels o:
obstructing or endangering navigation, 937.
Examinations and Surveys. — Buttermilk and Gowanus Bav Channels, Nex
Harbor, 937; Bay Ridge Channel, N. Y., 940; Champlin Creek, N. Y., 942:
son River and Moodna River (Murderers Creek) at Cornwall, N. Y., 944;
River, N. Y., 949; Westchester Creek, N, Y., 954.
Harbor I^ines. — EstabUshmeut of harbor lines in New Y'ork Harbor and it
cent waters, 958.
PART II.
APPENDIX F.
REPORT OF CAPT. THOS. L. CASEY^ CORPS OF ENGDTEERS.
Improvements. — Sumpawanus Inlet, N. Y., 978; Canarsie Bay, N. Y., 980; S
heml Bay, N. Y'., 982; Arthur Kill, N\Y'. and N. J., 983; channel between
Island and N(
Rahway Ri
port Harbor,
Creek, N. J., 1004; Shrewsbur>' River, N. J., 1007; Manasquan (S(iuan) Rivei
1010 ; removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigatioi
Examinations and Survey.— I*rinces8 Bay, Staten Island, N. Y., 1013; Hack
River, N. J., 1016.
APPEXDIX G.
REPORT OP MAJ. C. W. RAYMO^^), CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Delaware River, Pa. and N. J., 1022; harbor between Philac
Pa., and Camden, N. J., 1029; Schuylkill River, Pa., 1069; ice-harbor at 1
Hook, Pa., 1072 : ice-harbor at head of Delaware Bay, Del., 1072 ; constraci
iron pier in Delaware Bay, iieiir Lewes, Del., 1073 ; harbor at Delaware
water, Del., 1075; Rancocas River, N. J., 1084 ; Alio way Creek, N. J., 1086; W
River, N. J., 1088 ; removal of wrecks from Delaware Bay and River, 1090; rea
sonken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, 1090.
OOlfTEMTBL XnX
EzAMZNATiONS AKD SuRYSYS. — Shark River, N. J.; 1092 ; sonnd between Bame^t
Bay and Great Egg Harbor Bay, N. J., 1093; Little Egg Harbor Bay and Inlet, in-
olnding Great Bay, N. J., 1095 ; thorouglifare from Cape May to the Great Bay
north of Atlantic City, N. J., 1097; Cape May City, N. J., 1099; Pensanken Creek,
N. J., 1100; West Branch of Susquehanna River, Pa., 1102; Toms River, N. J., 1114;
Goshen Creek, N. J., 1116; harbor of refuse near mouth of Delaware Bay. 1120.
Habbor Lines. — Establishment of harbor lines in port of Philadelphia, 1121.
APPBOT)IX H.
BEPOBT OF WM. F. SMITH, UNITED STATES AGENT, MAJOR OF ENGI-
NEERS, U. S. ARMY, RETIRED.
Improtsments. — ^Wilmington Harbor, Del., IIJW; ice-harbor at New Castle, DtiL,
1160; Appoqninnimink Kiver, Del., 1161; Smyrna River, Del., 1162; St. Jones
River, Del., 1165; Mispillion Creek, Del., 1166; Broadkiln River, Del., 1167; in-
land water way from Chincoteague Bay, Va., to Delaware Bay, at or near Lewes,
Del., 1168 ; Susquehanna River, above and below Havre de Grace, Md., 1181 : North
East River, Md., 1182; Elk River, Md., 1184; Fairlee Creek, Md., 1186; Chester
River, Md., from Crumpton to Jones Landing, 1188; Choptank River, M.d., 1189;
Cambridge Harbor, Md., 1191; Wicomico River, Md., 1193; Manokin River, Md.,
1195; Onancock Harbor, Va., 1197; harbor at Cape Charles City, Va., and ap-
proaches by Chenton (Cherrystone) Inlet, 1199; removing sunken vessels or craft
obstructing or endangering navigation, 1201.
Examinations ani> Surveys. — Linchester River, McL, 1202; Northwest Fork of
Nanticoke River, Md., 1204; Tangier Harbor, Va., 1207: Broad Creek River, J)el.,
1209; Turner Creek, Md., 1211; La Trappe River, Md., 1215; Warwick River, Md.,
1218; Broad Creek, Md., 1221.
Harbor Lines. — ^Establishment of harbor lines at New Castle, Del., 1225.
APPEOT)IX I.
REPORT OF COL. WM. P. CRAIGHILL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — ^Patapsco River and channel to Baltimore, Md., 1227; James River.
Va., 1234.
Examination. — ^Patapsco River, Md., from the Craighill Channel to the" sugar refin-
ery whsirves, Curtis Bay, 1243.
APPEimiX J.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. PETER C. HAINS. CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Potomac River at Washington, D. C, 1246: Potomac River at Mt.
VemoD, Va., 1252; Occoquan Creek, Va., 1253; Anuia Creek. Va., 1255; harbor at
Breton Bay, Md., 1258; Nomini Creek, Va., 1259; Patuxent River, Md., 1262; Rap-
pahannock River, Va., 1264; Urbana Creek, Va., 1268; YorkRiver, Va., 1270; Mat-
taponi River, Va., 1273; Pamunkey River, Va., 1275.
EXA.MINATIONS.— St. Leonard Creek, Md., 1277; St. Jerome Bay, Md., 1278; Pis-
cataway Creek, Md., 1279; Newport Creek, head of Wicomico River, Md., 1281;
Smith Creek, Md., 1282; Nandua Creek, Va., 1283; Potomac Creek, Va., 1285;
ITpper Machodoc Creek, va., 1286; Great Wicomico River, Va., 1288; Crane Creek,
Va., 1289; Piscataway Creek, Va., 1289.
APPEiroiX K.
REPORT OF CAPT. G. J. FIEBEGER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Harbor of Norfolk and its approaches, Va., 1291 ; approach to Nor-
folk Harbor and the United States navy-yard at Norfolk, Va., 1296; Hampton
Creek and Bar, Va., 1297; Nansemond River, Va., 1298; Chickahominy River, Va.,
1299: Appomattox River, Va., 1300; inland water route from Norfolk Harbor, Va.,
to Albeniarlo Sound, N. C., through Currituck Sound, 1302; North Landing River,
Va. and N. C, 1304: Currituck Sound, Coanjok Bay, and North River Bar, N. C,
1305.
XIV CONTENTS.
ExAMiXATioxs. — Chickahominy River, from Holly Landing to Long M
1305; western branch i>f Elizabetli River, Va., 1307; water way to OQl
Haven Bay witL eastern branch of Elizabeth River, Va., 1310; Notin
ftom mouth of river to Courtland, Va., 1315; North- West River, N. C,
ock, 1321; West Neck River, to and beyond Dozier Bridge, Va., 1324.
APPEKDIX L.
REPORT OF CAPT. W. H. BIXBY, CORPS OF ENGINEER
Improvements. — Staunton River, Va., 1328; Roanoke River, Va. and 1
Pasquotank River, N. C, 1335; Mackey Creek, N. C, 1339: Ocracoke I
1341; Fishing Creek, N. C, 1345; Pamlico and Tar rivers, N. C, 1347;
Creek, N. C, 1351; Trent River, N. C, 1355; Neuse River, N. C, 13
water way between New Berne and Beaufort, N. C, 1363 ; harbor at C
C, 1367; inland water way between Beaufort Harbor and New River, ]
water way between New River and Swansboro, N. C, 1376; New River,
North East (Cape Fear) River, N. C. 1383; Black River, N. C, 1387;
River, N. C, above Wilmington, 1390; Cape Fear River, N. C, at and
mington, 1394; Lockwoods Folly River, N. C, 1402; Yadkin River, ]
harbor at Georgetown, S. C, 1408; Winyaw Bay, S. C, 1411; removj
vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, 1417.
Examinations. — Water way from Pungo River to Sladesville, N. C, 3
way between Pamlico River and Bav Kiver. N. C, 1421; Drum Inlet^ .
harbor of Washington, Pamlico River, N. C,. 1429; White Oak River
erts Landing to Collins Crossing, N. C, 1434; Black River, from King
mouth, S. C, 1435.
APPENDIX M.
REPORT OF CAPT. FREDERIC V. ABBOT, CORPS OF ENGIN
Impr'ovements. — ^Waccamaw River, N. C. and S, C, 1442; Lumber Rive
S. C. 1445; Little Pedee River, S. C, 1448; Groat Pedee River, S. C, :
River, S. C, 1453; Mingo Creek, S. C, 1455; San tee River. S. C, 145
River, S. C, 1462: Congaree River, S. C, 1464; harbor at Charleston,
Ashley River, S. C., 1476; Wappoo Cut, S. C, 1477; Edisto River, S. C
kahatchie River, S. C, 1482; Beaufort River, S. C., 1485; removing s
sels or craft obstructing or endansrerin<j navigation, 1487.
Examination. — Wateree River, S. C, 1487.
p'aKT III.
APPE]ST)IX N.
REPORT OF CAPTAIN O. M. CARTER, CORPS OF ENGINEI
Improvemknts. — Savannah River and Harbor, Ga., 1491; Savannah Rivei
Darieu Harbor, Ga., 1528; Altamaha River, Ga., 153^; Oconee River
Oeuuilgoe River, Ga., 1543; Brunswick Harbor, Ga., 1550; Jekyl Creek
Cumberland Sound, Ga., and Fla., 1559; removing sunken vessels or era
ing or endanircrin^ uavijifatiou. 1602.
Examination.— Yellow River, Ga., 1606.
APPENDIX O.
REPORT OF CAPT. W. M. BLACK, CORPS OF ENGINEEI
Improvements.— St. Johns River, Fla., 1612; Ocklawaha River, Fla., 16:
Bar, Fla., 1627; St. Augustine Harbor, Fla., 1630; northwest entrance
Harbor, Fla., IWO; Caloosahatchee River, Fla., 1643; channel of Charlc
and Pease Creek, Fla., 1646; Sarasota Bay, Fla., 1651; Manatee River,
Tami>a Bav, Fla., 1655; Withlacoochee River. Fla., 1659; harbor at C
Fla., 1661;* Suwanee River. Fla., 1663.
CONTENTS. XV
Examinations. — St. Jolms Kiver, Fla., &om Jaoksonville to Sanford, and the upper
part uf 8t. Jolms River, from Lalce Monroe southward. 1666 ; deep-sea channel at
Ht. Augostiue, Fla., 1671; Indian River, Ha., between Titusville an«lJupiter Inlet,
1673; channel north and west of Cedar Keys, Fla., 1676; Pease River, Fla., 1678;
Charlotte Harbor, Fla., 1681.
Hahbor Links,— Establishment of harbor lines in St. Augustine Harbor, Fla., 1685.
APPENDIX P.
REPORT OF CAPT. PHILIP M. PRICE, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvkmknts. — ^Apalachicola Bay, Fla., 1694; Apalachicola River, fla., including
Lee Slough, 1696; Flint River, Ga., 1698; Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala., 1702;
La Grange Bayou and Holmes River, Fla., 1704; Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and
Ala., 17(i7; harbor at Pcnsacola, Fla., 1710; Escambia and Conecuh rivers, Fla.
and Ala., 1735; Alabama River, Ala., 1738; Tallapoosa River, Ala., 1741; Coosa
River, Ga. and Ala., 1743; operating and care of canals and other works of navi-
gation on Coosa River, Ga. and Ala., 1753; Cahaba River, Ala., 1754.
Examinations. — Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala., between West Point and
Franklin, 1756; Alabama River, Ala., 1761.
APPENDIX Q.
REPORT OF MAJ. A. N. DAMRELL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Impbovemknts. — Mobile Harbor, Ala., 1771; Warrior and Tombigbee rivers, Ala.
and Miss., 1776: Black Warrior River, Ala., from Tuscaloosa to Daniels Creek,
1784; Noxubee River, Miss., 17»7; Pascagoula River, Miss., 1788; Chickasahay River,
Miss., 1791; Bluff Creek, Miss., 1792; Leaf River, Miss., 1792; harbor at Biloxi
Bay, Miss., 1793; Pearl River, Miss., below Jackson, 1795; Pearl River, Miss., be-
tween .Jackson and Carthage, 1797; Pearl River, Miss., between Ediuburg and
Carthage, 1799; Bogue Chitto, La., 1800.
Examination. — Sucamochee River, Ala., 1800.
APPENDIX K.
REPORT OF MAJ. JAMES B. QUINN, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
IxsPKCnON of the improvement of the South Pass of the Mississippi River, 1805.
APPEIN^DIX S.
REPORT OF MAJ. JAMES B. QUINN, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
IHPROVSMBNT8. — Chefuncto River and Bogue Falia, La., 1818; Tickfaw River and
its tributaries. La., 1819; Amite River and Bayou Manchac, La., 1820; Bayou La
Foufche, La., 1821; Bayou Terrebonne, La., 1823; Bayou Plaquem in e. La., 1824;
Bai '^^ ^ ^ ^
Cai
1835
endangering navigation, 1837.
Examinations ani> Sukvky. — Bayou Carlin, La., 1838; shoals on Lake Pontcliar-
train. La., near the Rigolets, 1839; Bayou Chevreuiland Bayou Tigre, La., 1841;
Bayou Terre Bonne, La., from Houma to Thibodeaiix, 1843; Bayou Black to con-
nect with Terre Bonne, La., 1846; Berwick Bay, La., 1847; Bayou Cocodrie, La.,
1849; Bayou Black, La., for connection between Calcasieu Lake and Sabine Lake,
1850; BajrouTeche, La,, from Saint Martinsville to Port Barre, 1852: Bayou Dos
Glaises, La., 1854; Bayou Vermillion, La., 1855; Mermenton River and tributaries.
La., 1858.
APPEOT)IX T.
REPORT OP LIEUT. JOHN MILLIS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Impkovemexts. — Securing mouth of Bayou Plaquemine, La., from further caving,
1867; removing sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation of
New Orleana Harbor, La., 1869.
XVI CONTENTS.
APPENDIX U.
REPORT OF MAJ. CHAS. J. ALLEN, CORPS OF ENGINEEB
iMPROVEifEXTS. — Kntraiico to Galveston Harbor, Tex., 1871; ship cfaoiui
veeton Bay, Tex., 1906; Trinity River, Tex., 1918; Cedar Bayou, Tex., 1
falo Bayon, Tex., 1924; harbor at Brazos SantiajL^o, Tex., 1930.
Examinations. — Month of Double Bayou, Chambers County, Tex., 1933
River, Tex., from its mouth to DaHas, 1936; Colorado River, Tex., 1939
Bay, Tex., to remove Half-Moon Reef; and St. Charles Bay, Tex., 1942.
PAET IV.
APPENDIX V.
REPORT OF CAPT. J. H. WILLARD, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Red River, La. and Ark., 1946; Red River above Fnltc
1961; Ouachit-a and Black rivers, Ark. and La., 1964; Onaohit-a River abo
den. Ark., 1975; Bayou IFArbonne, La., 1980; Bayou Bartholomew, La. ai
1982; Bavon Boenf (Bceuf River), La., 1985; Tensas River and Bayon Mac
1989; Bayous RondewayandVidal, La., 1992; Bijj Black River, Miss., 1993
River. Miss., 1996; Tchnla Lake, Miss., 2001; Tallahatchee River, Miss
Steele Bavon and^ Washin^^on Bavon, Miss., 2005; Bi^ Sunflower River
2007; Big'Hatchee River, Tenn., 2010; Forked Deer River, Tenn., 2012;
g Binges on Mississippi River and its principal tributaries, 2014 ; survey of <
ayon and the lakes between Jefferson, Tex., and Shrevejiort, La.^ 2021.
Examinations.— Cane River, La., 2022; Bayon Castor, La., 2028.
APPENDIX W.
REPORT OF CAPT. H. S. TABER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Removing obstructions in Arkansas River, Ark., Ind. T
Rans., 21^; 'Arkansas River, Ark., Ind. Ter., and Kans., 2037; Fonrche h
River, Ark., 2044; Petit Jean River, Ark., 2046; White River, Ark., 2048
River, Ark., 2051; Little Red River, Ark., 2053; Black River, Ark. and Mc
Black River, Mo., 20oS; St. Francis River, Ark., 2059; St. Francis Riv<
2062; Little River, Mo. and Ark., 2064.
Examinations. — Current River, firom Van Bnren, Mo., to its month, 2065.
APPEOT)IX X
REPORT OF CAPT. S. W. ROESSLER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Examination. — Mississippi River from high-water mark, Lake County, T
high-water mark, Fnltim County, Ky., north and west of Reelfoot I^ase, 2
APPENDIX Y.
REPORT OF MAJ. A. M. MILLER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Removing snags and wrecks from Mississippi River, 2079;
sippi River, between the Ohio and Illinois rivers, 2087; harbor at Saint Lov
2109; Gasconade River, Mo., 2112; Osage River, Mo., 2114; Kaskaskia Ri^
2118.
APPENDIX Z.
REPORT OF MAJ. E. H. RUFFNER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Imtrovf.mknt. — Mississippi River, between Des Moines Rax>ids and mouth of
River, 2119.
Examination. — Mississippi River at Warsaw, IlL, 2134.
CONTENTS. XVn
APPENDIX A A.
REPORT OF MAJ. A. MACKENZIE, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Im PIlO^'^MENTS. — Operating snag boats and dredge boats on Upper Mississippi River,
2137; Mississippi River, between Minneapolis and De« Moines Rapids, 2147; Des
Moines Rapids, Mississippi River, 2172; operating and care of Des Moines Rapids
Canal and di^ dock, 2174.
Examinations and Survey. — Slongh at Hamilton, HI., 2185 ; Mississippi River at
and above Clinton, Iowa, 2187.
APPENDIX B B.
REPORT OF MAJ. W. A. JONES, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
•
Improvkments. — ^Mississippi River above Falls of St. Anthony, Minn., 2192; reser-
voirs at headwaters of Mississippi River, 2196; Chippewa River, including Yellow
Banks, Wis., 2201; St. Croix River, Wis. and Minn., 2203; Minnesota River, Minn.,
22in; Red River of the North. Minn, and N. Dak., 2210; surveys for reservoirs at
the sonrcee of Mississippi, St. Croix, Chippewa, and Wisconsin rivers 2214; gang-
ing Mississippi River at or near St. Paul, Minn., 2214.
Examinations. — Harbor at Hudson, Wis., 2218; Red River of the North at Goose
Bapids, N. Dak. and Minn., 2220; Creel Bay, Totten Bay, and Minnewauken
Shoals, in Devil Lake, N. Dak., 2223.
APPENDIX 0 0.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. CHAS. R. SUTER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Ex aminatiox. — ^Missouri River, from the old month of Platte River, Little Point,
to a point opposite Leavenworth; and at Weston, Mo., 2229.
APPENDIX D D.
REPORT OF CAPT. CHAS. F. POWELL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvemknts. — Missouri River between the Great Falls, Mont., and Sioux City,
Iowa, 2232; Yellowstone River, Mont, and N. Dak., 2236.
Examinations and Survey. — Tongue River, Mont., 2237; Yellowstone River, Moot.,
2239; Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and Fort Benton, Mont., 2242.
APPENDIX E E.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. J. W. BARLOW, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Impri'ivkmexts. — ^I'ennessee River, above Chattanooga, Teun., and below Bee Tree
Examinations and Survey. — Little Pigeon River, Tenn., from mouth to Sevier-
ville, 2287; harbor of Siuithland, Ky., 2289; Obiou River, Term., 2292.
APPE$n)IX F F.
REPORT OF LIEUT. GEO. W. GOETHALS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — ^Tennessee River between Chattanooga, Tenn., and foot of Bee
Tree Shoals, Ala., 2303; operating and care of Muscle Shoals Canal, Tennessee
River, 2322.
Examination. — Mouth of Gunter Creek at Guntersville, Ala., 2325.
ENG 01 ^n
XVm CONTENTS
APPENDIX G G.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. WM. E. MERRILL, CORPS OF 1
Impkovemexts. — Ohio River, 2328; operating snag boats on Ohio B
ating and care of Davis Island Dam, Ohio River, 2350; movable di
near month of Beaver River, Pa., 2354; Monongahela River, \
2355; operating and care of locks and dams Nos. 8 and 9, Hon
2357; purchase of Lock and Dam No. 7, Monongahela River, 2
Lock and Dam No. 6, Monongahela River, 2360 ; Cheat River, W.
gheny River, Pa.,. 2363; dam at Herr Island, Allegheny River, 23(
month of Muskingum River, Ohio, 2367; Muskingum River, Ohio,
and care of locks and dams on Muskingiim River, Ohio. 23^.
Examinations. — Harbor of Owensboro, Ky., on the Ohio River, 2380;
Pa., 2381; Oliio River, between mouth of Green River, Ky., and ]
2382.
APPENDIX H n.
REPORT OF MAJ. G. J. LYDECKER, CORPS OF ENGl
Improvkmknts. — Falls of tlie Ohio River, at Louisville, Ky., 2387;
Falls of the Ohio River, 2393; operating and care of Louisvil
Canal, Ky., 2394; Wabash River, Ind. and 111., 2402; White Riv.
Examination. — Wabash Uiyer, Ind., from Terre Haute to La Fayet
APPENDIX 11.
REPORT OF COL. WM. P. CRAIGHILL, CORPS OF ENC
IliPROVKMKNTS. — Great Kanawha River, W. Va., 2413; operating ai
and dams on Great Kanawha River, W. Va., 2425; Elk River, W. \
River, W. Va., 2428; New River, Va. and W. Va., 2130.
Examination.— Elk River, W. Va., 2433.
.VPPENDIX J J.
REPORT OF MAJ. D. W. LOCKWOOD, CORPS OF ENG
IMPROVEMENTS. — Trade water River, Ky., 2438; operating and kt
locks and dams on Green and Barren rivers, Ky., 2439; Rongh 1
Kentucky River, Ky., 2449; operating and kipping in repair lo<
Kentucky River, Kv., 2455; Licking River, Ky., from Farmers t
2462; Big Sandv River, W. Va. and Ky., 2463; Levisa Fork of B
Kv.,'2466: TugFork of Big Sandy River, W. Va. and Kv., 2467; Gi
W.*:V»., 2469; Little Kanawha River, W. Va., 2471; liuckhannoi
2474.
Examinations. — Big Barron River, Ky., above Bowling Green, 2474
the Big Sandv Kiv«T, Kv., 2476; Green River, Ky., above luoutl
River, 2478.
APPENDIX K K.
KE1V)RT OF CAPT. W. L. FISK, CORPS OF ENGINI
Improvements. — Harbor at Grand Marais, Minn., 24^; harbor at A
2486; harbor at Duluth, Minn., 2488; harbbr at Superior Bay and
Wis., 2495; Minnesota Point at Superior, Wis., 2499; harbor at
2500; harbor at Ontonagon, Mich., 2502; Eagle Harbor, Mich.,
Marquftte, Mich., 2505; liarbor of refuge at Grand Marais, Mich..
Examination. — AUouez Bay and Kemadji River, Wis., 2512.
Harbor Lines. — Establisl^ent of harbor lines at Duluth, Minn., 1
Superior Bay, and the aTljacent waters, Minn, and AVis., 2515; c
harbor lines in Portace Lake, Mich., 251H; resurvey and relocatio:
in Portage Lake, Mien., 2522.
CONTENTS. XJX
APPENDIX L L.
REPOKT OK MAJ. CHA6. E. L. B. DAVIS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
lAiPROVEMENTS. — Manistiqne Harbor, Mich., 2523; Cedar River Harbor, Micb.,2525;
Menomonee Harbor, Mich, and Wis., 2527; Meuomonee River, Mich, and Wis.,
2fc28£Oconto Harbor, Wis., 2531; Pensankeo Harbor, Wis., 2533; Green Bay Har-
bor, Wis./ 2533; harbor of refuse at entrance of Sturgeon Bs^ Canal, Wis., 2536;
Ahuapee Harbor, Wis., 2538; Kewaunee Harbor, Wis., 2540; Two Rivers Harbor,
Wis., 2543; Manitowoc Harbor, Wis., 2545: Sheboygan Harbor, Wis., 2549; Port
Washington Harbor. Wis., 2551 ; harbor of refa^fe at Miiwaukee Bay, Wis., 2553;
Milwaukee Harbo^ Wis., 2560; Racine Harbor, Wis., 2562; Kenosha Harbor, Wis.,
2565; Waukegan Harbor, 111., 2568; Fox and Wisconsin rivers. Wis., 2572; oper-
ating and care of locks and dams on Fox River, Wis., 2580.
APPENDIX M M.
REPORT OF CAP1\ W. L. MARSHALL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Chicago Harbor, 111., 2596; Calumet Harbor, 111., 2602: Calumet
River, HI. and Ind., 2606 ; Illinois River, 111., 2611 ; operating ^nd care of La Grange
Lock on niinois River, 111., 2630; Illinois and Mississippi Canal, 2633.
Examination and Survex.— Hlinois River, HI., from La Salle to the Mississippi
River, 2658.
Habbou Links. — Establishment of harbor lines in Chicago Harbor, 111., 2661.
PAET V.
APPENDIX N ISr.
REPORT OF MAJ. WILLIAM LUDLOW, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements.— General remarks, 2667; Petoskev Harbor, Mich., 2670; Charlevoix
Harbor and entrance to Pine Lake, Mich., 2672; Frankfort Harbor, Mich., 2674;
harbor of refuge at Portage Lake. Mich., 2676; Manistee Harbor, Mich., 2678;
Ludington Harbor, Mich., 2682; Pent water Harbor, Mich., 2684; White River
Harbor, Mich., 2687: Muskegon Harbor, Mich., 2689; Grand Haven Harbor, Mich.,
2692; Holland [Black Lake] Harbor, 51ich.. 2696"; Saugatuck Harbor, Mich., 2699;
South Haven Harbor, Mich., 2700 ; St. Josepn Harbor, Mich., 2702 ; St. Joseph River,
Mich., ^705; Michigan City Harbor, Ind., 2706.
APPENDIX O O.
REPORT OF COL. O, M. POE, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — St. Marys River. Mich., 2712; operating and care of St. Marys Falls
Canal, Mich., 2724; dry dock at St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich., 2758 ; Hay Lake Chan-
nel, St. Marys River, Mich., 2758; harbor at Cheboygan, Mich., 2764; harbor at
Thunder Bay, Mich., 2765; Thunder Bay River, Mich., 2768; harbor at Au Sable,
Mich., 2771; Saginaw River, Mich., 2772; harbor of refuge at Sand Beach, Lake
Huron, Mich., 2776; Black River at Port Huron, Mich., 2780; mouth of Black
River, Mich., 2782; St. Clair Flats Canal, Mich., 2784; operating and care of St.
ClairFlatsCanal, Mich., 2787; Clinton River, Mich., 2788 ; Grosse Pointe Channel,
Mich., 2790; Rouge River, Mich., 2791; Detroit River, Mich., 2793; removing
sunken vessels or craft obstructing or endangering navigation, 2^1.
Examinations. — Sebewaing River, Slich., 2804 ; the American channel of the Detroit
River, Mich., 2808; ship channel 20 feet in depth in the shallows of the connecting
waters of the lakes between Chicago, Duluth, and Buffalo, 2810 ; Corsica Shoal^
Mich., at lower end of Lake Huron, 2820; Rouge River, Mich., 2822.
APPENDIX P P.
REPORT OF MAJ. L. COOPER OVERMAN, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements.— Monroe Harbor, Mich., 2825 ; Toledo Harbor, Ohio, 2828 ; Port Clin-
ton Harbor, Ohio, 2835 ; Sandusky City Harbor, Ohio, 2837 ; Sandusky River, Ohio,
2840; Huron Harbor, Ohio, 2843; Vermillion Harbor, Ohio, 2847; Black River
Harbor, Ohio; 2849; Cleveland Harbor, Ohio, 2853; Fairport Harbor, Ohio, 2859;
Ashtabnla Harbor^ Ohio^ 2863.
XX CONTENTS.
APPENDIX Q Q.
REPORT OF MAJ. AilOS STICKNEY, CORPS OF ENGINEE
iMPROVEMEXTS.-^Erie Harbor, Pa., 2869; preservation and protection t
Isle Peninsula, Erie IIiirb<»r, Pa.. 2877; Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y., 2878; B\
bor, N. Y., 2882; Tonawauda Harbor andXiaj^ara River, N. Y., 2888 ; -\^
bor, N. Y., 2891; Olcott Harbor, N. Y.; 2893; Oak Orcliard Harbor, N. Y.,
APPENDIX E R.
REPORT OF CAPT. DAN C. KINGMAN, CORPS OF ENGINTEE]
Improvemexts. — Harbor at Charlotte, N. Y., 2899; harbor at Pultnewi
2903; harbor at Great Sodus Bay, N. Y., 2906; harbor at Little Sodus B
2909; harbor at Oswego, N. Y., 2912; harbor at Sacketts Harbor, N. Y., 2
APPENDIX S S.
REPORT OF MAJ. M. B. ADAMS, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — Shoal between Sister Islands and Cross-over Light, St. L
River, N.Y., 2922; Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y.. 2923; Grass RiVer,N.Y., 2926
water at Rouse Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y., 2927; Great Chazy Riv"
2929; breakwater at Gordon Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt., 2930; Ph
Harbor, N. Y., 2931; Burlington Harbor, Vt., 2932; Otter Creek, Vt., 2935
deroga River, N. Y., 2936; Narrows of Lake Chanii)lain, N. Y. and Vt., 293
Examinations. — Innei; Bay, near mouth of Saranac River, at Plattabar
2938; Boquet River, N. Y., from mouth on Lake Champlain to Willsboro, 2
APPENDIX T T.
REPORT OF COL. G. H. MENDELL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS,
Impro\'EMENTS. — Oakland Harbor, Cal., 2943; survey of San Francisco Har
Pablo and Suisnn bays, strait of Karquines, and mouths of San Joaqnin i
ramento rivers, Cal., 2947.
Harbor Lines. — Modification of harbor lines on Port Costa front, soath
Karquines Strait, San lYancisco Harbor, Cal., 2948.
APPENDIX U U.
REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. W. H. H. BENYAURD, CORPS OF ENGIN:
Improvements. — ^Napa River, Cal., 2952; Redwood Harbor, Cal., 2963; S
Creek, Cal., 2953; San Luis Obispo Harbor, Cal., 2955; Wilmington Harb
2956; San Diego Harbor, Cal., 2960.
Examinations. — San Rafael River, Cal., 2963: Alviso Harbor and Alviso Ore*
2964; Redwood Creek, Cal., 2966; harbor oi refuge at Santa Cruz, Cal.j^ 21
Simeon Bay, Cal., 2971; Redondo Beach Harbor, Cal., 2972; Colorado Rive
above Yuma, to Eldorado Canyon, 2974.
Harbor Lines. — Establishment of harbor lines at San Pedro, Wilmington
Cal., 2976.
APPENDIX V V.
REPORT OF MAJ. W. H. HEUER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
IM^RO^•EMENT8. — San Joaquin River, Cal., 2981; Mokelumne River, Cal., 29
ramento and Feather rivers, Cal., 2987; investigation of mining-ddbris qm
State of California, 2996; Petalnma Creek, Cal., 3119; Humboldt Harbor a
Cal., 3120.
Examination and SUR^^:Y.— Mokelumne River, Cal., 3133.
Harbor lines.— Establishment of harbor lines in Humboldt Bay, Cal., S138.
CONTENTS. XXI
APPENDIX W W.
REPORT OF CAPT. THOMAS W. SYMONS, pORPS OF ENGINEERS.
iMPRoyEMRNTS. — CoquiUe River, Oreffon, 3146; entrance to Coos Bay, Oregon, 3154;
Uinp<|iia River, Oregon, 3169; raouUi of Siuslaw River, Oregon, 3173; entrance to
Yaquina Bay, Oregon, 3182; Tillamook Bay and Bar^ Oregon, 3200; entrance to
baruor at Nehalem Bay, Oregon, 3205 ; Upper Colambia and Snake rivers, Orej^on
and Wash., 3210; Colambia River between head of Rock Island Rapids and foot
uf Priest Rapids, Wash., 3223 ; Chchalis River, Wash., 3236 ; Skagit, Steilaquamish,
Nootsack, Snohomish, and Snoquulmie rivers, Wash., 3238.
Examinations and Surveys. — Alsea Bay and River, Oregon, 3246: Clark Fork of
Culnmbia River from international boundary line to month of Big Blackfoot River,
Mont., 3250; Puyallup River, Wash., 3255; D'Wamish and Black Rivers, Wash.,
3257; ship channel between Port Townsend Bay, Puget Sound, (ind Oak Bay,
Wash., 3260; North River, Wash., 3263; Shoal water Bay and Willapah River,
Wash., 3266; Nooksack, Skagit, and Snohomish rivers. Wash., 3271; Coqnille
River, Oregon, from Coqnille City to Myrtle Point, 3275; Coos Bay, Oregon, 3^;
Upper Snake River, Idaho, 3285; Nasel River, Wash., 3294: Gravs Harbor and Bar
and Chehalis River np to Montesano, Wash., 3297; Port Orford Harbor, Oregon.
3305.
APPENDIX X X.
REPORT OF MAJ. THOS. H. HANDBURY, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Improvements. — ^Month of Columbia River, Oregon and Wash., 3314 ; canal at the Cas-
cades, Columbia River, Oregon, 3328 ; Columbia and Lower Willamette rivers below
Portland, Oregon. 3362; Willamette River above Portland, Oregon, 3368; Cowlitz
River, Wash., 3370; Youngs and Klasknine rivers, Oregon, 3371; gauging waters,
cff Columbia River, Oregon and Wash., 3372; removing sunkeA vessels or craft ob-
structing or endangering navigation, 3373.
ExAJfiXATiONS AND SURVEYS. — Willamette River, channel on west side of Swan
Island, Oregon, 3373; Youngs Bay Channel,. Oregon, 3376; Deep. Skamokawa, and
Crooked rivers. Wash., 3378; Lower Columbia Kiver, between Astoria and Woods
L.Tndiug, Oregon, 3380: Yamhill River, Oregon, 3381; Lewis and Clarke River,
Oregon, 3383; Grays River, Wash., 3385.
Harbor Lines. — ^Establishment of harbor lines in Astoria Harbor, Oregon, 3387.
APPENDIX Y T.
REPORT OF CAPT. W. A. KIRKLAND, UNITED STATES NAVY.
Supervision of the harbor of New York, 3393.
PART VI.
appendix' Z Z.
REPORT OP THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION.
C. B. CoMSTOCK, Colonel, Corps of Engineers, Bvt. Brig. Gen., U. S. A^ President;
Chaklf.s R. Sutbr, Lieutenant-Colonel, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A. ; O. H. Ernst,
Major, Corps of Engineers, Colonel, U. S. A. ; Henry L. Whiting, Assistant U.
S. Coast and Geodetic Sarvey; B. M. Harrod, Robert S. Taylor, and Henry
Jj^LAD, Commiaaioners.
Annual Report for Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1891, 3397.
Appendix A. — Report of Lieut. Col. Charles R. Suter, Corps of Engineers, upon in-
vestigation of discharge measurements, Mississippi River, 3417.
Appendix B. — Paper by Lieut. Col. Charles R. Suter, Corps of Engineers, on effects
of crevasses npou gauge readings below Red River during high water of 1890, 3444.
XXtt CONTENTS.
ArpEXDix C. — Report of <the secretary of tlio Coniuiission, 3446; (1) pap*
Charles F. Powell, Corps of Eng inueM, on depressiou of the flood line^ '.
Red River, from crevasses, 3463; (2) paper by Capt. Charles F. Powel
Engineers, on effects of outlets on the bed of the river below theni^ 3i
strnctioiis for secondary triaugiilation, precise level, and topographical
graphical Held work, ^74 ; (4) report of Mr. J. A. Ockerson, assistant ei
profile 'of Mississippi River, Cairo to Donaldson ville, 3486; ^5) tabulator
ilischarge measurements on Mississippi, Old, and Atchafaiaya riven,
lUSly (6) tabulated results of discharge measurements on Mississippi i
falaj^a rivers and Bayou La Fourche, 1890, 3526; (7) high- water marl
Mississippi River, Cairo, 111., to Carrollton, La., 3547; (o) high- water
1891, Mississippi River, Cairo, HI., to Carrollton, La., 3551^ (9) high
waters, referred to present or most recent gaus'es, of 31ississippi Rivex
cipal tributaries except the Jlissonri, 3555; (10) report of Mr. J. A.
assistant engineer, on changes in the bed of Mississippi River near the l
Passes, 3575; commercial statistics, 3576.
Appkkdix D. — Report of Capt. S. W. Roessler, Corps of Engineers, on op<
the first and second districts, 3580 ; (1) report of Mr. Aug. J. Nolty^
engmeer, on work at Plum Point Reach, 3^95; (2) paper by Mr. Aug.
assistant engineer, on details of construction of bank protection at I
Reach, 1890, 3601 ; (3) paner by Mr. Aug. J. Nolty, assistant engine
tails of construction of pile dikes at Plum Point Reach, 1890, 3606 ; (4'
Mr. W. M. Rees, assistant engineer, on proposed system of levees along I
Front, 3610; (5) report of Mr. W. M. Rees, assistant engineer, on levee sun
River Front, 3612; financial statements, commercial statistics, etc, 3619
Appendix E. — Report of Capt. C. McD. Townsend, Corps of Engineers,
tions iu the third district, 3627; (1) report of Mr. Wm. P. Richardii,
on surveys and observations, third district, 3658 ; (2) report of Mr. John
aseistant engineer, on discharge observations at Arkansas City, 3660: (3
of Mr. Henry B. Richardson, chief engineer, State of Louisiana, lor
stmction in Louisiana from State line to Warrenton, 3662; (4) report of
T. Rossell, Corps of Engineers, on connection between Arkansas River ]
Mississippi River levees, 3663.
Appendix F. — ^Report of Lieut. John MUlis, Corps of Engineers, on operat
fourth district, 3665: (1) report of Lient. John MilUs, Corps of Engiuec
vey of Mississippi River, near Natchez, Miss., and Vidalia, La., 3716.
APPENDIX AAA.
RKPORT OF THE MISSOURI RIVER COMMISSION.
CiiAS. R. SuiTCR, Lieutenant-Colonel, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A., Prej
MACKKNZfE, Major, Corps of Engineers. U. S. A. ; O. H. Ernst, Majo
Engineers, Colonel, U. S. A. ; Garland C. Broadhead and Rjciiard ^
Commissioners.
Annual Rkpobt vob Fiscal Year knj>ino June 30, 1891, 3723.
Appendix A. — Annual report of Secretary, Missouri River Commission,
(1) report on the conunerce on Missouri River during vear 1891, 3737; j
report of Mr. G. A. lilarr, assistant engineer, 1891, 3745; (3) annual re]
O. B. Wheeler, assistant engineer, 1891, 3756; (4) tables of results of
triangulation of Missouri River, 3760; (5) report of Mr. Chas. F. Potte:
engineer, on shore-line surveys, 3802 ; (6) report of Mr. S. Waters Fo3
engineer, on shore-line surveys, 3804 ; (7) report of Mr. Samuel H. Yo
sion engineer, on shore- line surveys, 3805 ; (8) annual report of Mr. D.
man, assistant engineer. 1891, 3807; (9) annual report of Mr. A. II. Bla
sistant engineer, 1891, 3819; (10) annual report of Mr. James A. Sedd
ant engineer, 1891, 3827.
Appendix B. — Annual report of Lieut. Hiram M. Chittenden, Corjjs of ]
1891, 3831.
Appendix C and C 1. — Annual reports of Mr. Chas. F. Potter, division
1891, 3832.
Appendix D. — Annual report Of Mr. S. Waters Fox, division engineer, 1
Appendix E. — Annual report of Mr. Samuel H. Yonge, division engij
3818.
APPENDIX B B B.
BRIDGING NAVIGABLE W^ATERS OF THE UNITED STATE
Report of The Board of Engineers on proposed bridge across Hudson Ri^
York City, 3853 ; report of Board of Engineers on bridge across Chicagt
Canal street, Chicago, 111., 3861.
CONTENTS. XXIII
APPENDIX 0 C 0.
OCCUPANCY OF AND INJURY TO PUBLIC WORKS BY CORPORATIONS
AND INDIVIDUALS.
*
(1) Report of Lieut. Col. G. L. Gillespie, Coq)8 of Engineers, 3865; (2) report of Col.
Wm. P. Craighill, Corps of Engineers, 3866: (3) report of Capt. H. S. Taber, Corps
of Engineers, 3867; (4) report of Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, 3868; (5)
report of Maj. Amos Stickney, Corps of Engineers, 3872; (6) report of Lieut. Col.
W. H. H. Benyanrd, Corps of Engineers, 3873.
APPENDIX D D D.
■
REPORT OP LIEUT. COL. GEORGE H. ELLIOT, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Washington Aqueduct, 3875 ; water supply. District of Columbia, 3897 : increasing
the water supply of Washington, D. C, 3904; erection of fishwavs at Great Falls,
3905.
APPENDIX E E E.
REPORT OF COL: O. H. ERNST, UNITED STATES ARMY.
Improvkment and cafe of public buildings alid grounds in the District of Columbia,
Wasbington Monument, 3907.
APPENDIX FEE.
SURVEY OF THE NORTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN LAKES.
Resurvey of Marquette Harbor, Michigan, 3927; issue of published charts of the
northern and northwestern lakes, 3927.
APPE]^DIX G G G.
' REPORT OF MAJ. WILLIAM A. JONES, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
Construction and improvement of roads and bridges in the Yellowstone National
Park, 3931.
APPENDIX H H H.
EXPLORATIONS AND SURVEYS I{f DIVISIONS AND DEPARTMENTS.
Report of Capt. W. L. Marshall, Cori)s of Engineers, Engineer Officer, on opera-
tions in Division of the Missouri, 3943; report ol Capt. Charles H. Clark, Ord-
nance Department, Acting Engineer Officer, on operations in Department of the
Columbia, 3945; report of Lieut. Charles A. Worden, Seventli Infantry, Acting
Engineer Officer, on operations in Department of the Platte, 3946 ; report of Lieut.
James E. Rnncic, First Artillery, Acting Engineer Officer, on operations in Divi-
sion of the Pacific, 3947.
APPENDIX V — REPORT OF CAFTAIN WILLARD. 1951
ers of Louutiana may build levees for common protectioD upon private;
propi'1'ty without CM»ude)nnation aud purchase, the banks of Bed IJiver
may perhaps betaken in the same way, and j^jraded and revetted to
yuotect the lev(»es a U>ii^ tlie I'i ver ; and un<ler the same deeisicm levees may
be rebuilt, U) eontine th(^ flomi waters for improving navigation, while
pr<»te(!ting the jjeople from 4»verflow.
Piling can not be uscmI at Alexandria on aeeount of the rcHik un<ier-
lying the bottom, and the objection to erib work is that it ought to be
<-ariied up U) high water to prevent boats running into it, and, as the
lino to b(j protected is used for steamboat laildings, the danger wouhl
]>e greater in time of flood.
Tlie ehiinnel work at the bridge site above ean be done at medium
stiiges, but it will be b<»tter to wait for an <»xtreme low stage when the
water is eh^ar. Work ean then be, prosecuted without the help of divers
and the i)rogi'ess ean be seen. With two dump scows for general
service in tln^ district the work eouhi be done most economically with
hired labor and th(^ i)lant now on hand, and the most suitable time
chosen, A^ithout the delay necessary for making a contract; and, besides,
there would be no charges for denuirrage in case the work should be
stoi)i>(»d by a sudden rise. The estimate for two dump scows is $3,500,
and for two months' work of the dredge, steamer, exi)losives, and ma-
terials, >«.'),CK)0.
It nniy be note<l here that a considerable study of Ked liiver indicates
the possibility of di\ iding it in two at the falls, and making a paitial
slack- water s> sttMn ai)ovc». Al(»xandria by a combination of tixed and mov-
able dams, Mith a. lock of size need(»d by the largCvSt boats tliat can reach
Alexandria at low water. This is to be considered only as a suggestion,
aiul in tlic liiu> of the reconnnendation made by Major llowell about 17
years ago. The suliject will have t>o await the comi)leti(m of the gen(»ral
survey now going oji.
J.ITTU: liMVKII, TKOM TIIK SCOPIXT ClTOl'l' TO KNO-X POINT.
A n allotment of >j20,000, to be expended in "widening and deepen-
ing'' t his part of Red Kiver, a stretch 21 J miles long, below Tones Hay«m.
was made by the act of September 19, 18JM>. The terms of the act wonid
siMfin to indirat<» that some form of construction work should be adoi»te< I
in this reach, or that dredging should be undertaken, neither of which
is advisiiblc at present, and the latter unnecessary and inexj»edicnt.
To widen and deepen the river at the sftme time can be done, but the
result would prove disastrous to the stream in a short time. T)r<Mlging
wouhl he dinicnlt and expensive, o^ving to the mass of h)gs which fills
tin* bottom, and to widen the river Mcmld reduce its dei)th, now sntli-
rient tor present river traffic.
The survey of this stretch has been gone over, and it is Ibund t(» he
widi'ning too ra])idly. What is most needexl is to remove false jMunts
to make rli(* bends easier, and to begin a substantial revetment of the
caving banks to prevent further encroaclnnent and secure the levees,
put in by the. State at great cost io the people, and which starve to im-
prove tlie navigation of the riv^er while protecting them from overtiow.
Tin' Im'sI lorni o{' work in the channel will !)(» to send the snag boats
ov<'r llie rcacli a! intervals, to ]»ull uj» tlui chanui*! snags and logs as
thev beiMHUr looMiie,! b\ (he N\ork of llu" current itself. l'\ir beKer
resuhs ran be gol in iliis \va> than by keex»ing boats eonstantl.v ai
work o\(T tlie same gi'onn<l. When the survey is jmt into shape lor
study nu*asurenu*jits can be takcMi and estiinatcNs prei)ared for such v<i-
1946 REPORT OF THE CIIIEP OF EN6IN££RS, U. 8. ARKT*
V I.
IMPKOVKMKNT *>!' IJKh IMVKK. I.orislAN V AN1> AKKAXSAi
lied Eiver rise^j iu northern Texas, in thr J An no Kstacudo^ au
ill a general easterly directiou, formiiijr the iMuindary between
Territory and Texas. At Fulton, Ark., its tMMirse elianiires to a 4
southeasterly direction, and after ew^ssin*: the State of lA>uisiau]
ters the Mississippi Eiver at Hed Kiver Landing. The river is
1,200 miles long: the part hu-lnded in tlie project nnder this I
inipn>veuient extends from Fulton. Ark., to the month of Atehji
IJiver, about 525 miles.
Work was begun by the United States as early as 1828, and
priations aggiegating ?<535,7<m..'>0 were made at intervals bet wee
and 1852. Between 1841 and 1852 no a])i)ropriation was made,
louger jMM^iod elapsed between 1852 and 1872, during whieh the]
of former work were lost.
The present imxn-ovement eommeneed in 1872. The ])rojeet c<
plated the remould of rafts, snags, wrecks, leaning timber, etc., t
Tones l^ayou, and other outlets: op(*ning a channel thixnigh the 1
Alexandria, La., and deepening the channel at sand bai*s: to in
and keep navigati«)n open fnnn Fulton. Ark., to the mouth
Atchafalaya; also protection of caving banks at Alexandria.
The appropriations hav<» bt^en ns follows:
Art of June 10, 1872—
For improving Tonrs nayoii
For reinovinjr rJilt
Aot of—
March 8, 1873. for loiinn-iii^ la I't
June 23, 1874, for removiuu: nitt
Mnrch 3, 1875, for removiujr rail
August 14, 187G. for rrmoA-iiij; ratt ami iliKsiu^ ['om-^ Ija vuii
Allotment of August 27, 1877, from tlir ap]>vi>pri:itiou for repair. ]>re8er\a-
tion, etc.. of rivtT and liarl>or \A«Mks, art of April 10. 18tii». for closing
Tones Bayou
Act of February 7, 187>^. fnr r«Muoviiiir 1 aft. **tr
Act of June 18,* 1878—
For removing raft and elosiuir Toih-*; r»a\uu
For removing snags, ete
Act of Manb 8, 187J^—
For removing raft and closing 'loni-s r»aynii
For removing obstructions
For improving river abnvr liend of raft to I'ulton, Ark
Act of June 14, 1x80—
For removing raft and closing Tiint's l»a> i>u
F<ir rtMuoving obstructions
For improving river above brad of ratt to Fulton. Ark
Act of Marib :^, 1881—
For removing raft and rlosing Tones Hayuu
For removing obstructions
Act of—
August 2. 1882. for improving Ked Rivrr
July r». 1S8-I. for improving Ked b*ivfr
August .'. lS^J^.i. for improving IJt-d Kivn. iii.ikin'4: >r.rMy ol .•«ami\ and
comi^bting survt-y of Bayou rirrn". I .inn^iana
Act of August 11. 1KS8-^
For improving Ki*d Kiver. ( ypFt*." liavon. and Bayou Donbcai
For survey of Kt'd K iver
Act of September li». l>4i^»—
For imi»roving Ked Kiver
For survey of KimI IJiver
Aggregate of appropriations 1872 to 1S!*1 1.
APPENDIX V — REPORT OP CAPTAIN WILLARD. 1953
resist the scoiir, and the cost ofclosiiijj SiUo and Mun)hy wjis givcu at
$6,9(>0. (Rei>ort Chief of EiigiiuHn-s 1S82, pages ir>4<M547.) By the
act of July 5, 1884, $5,0(M) was allotted to close this (iiith^t, and as this
amount was not suthcient to carry ont tlu* original ]»roject, it was de-
cided to build the dam of brush mattresses and earth. Thcj dam was
built in !N'ovember, 1884, but before it hji4l time to solidify the Decem-
ber flood came and it was destroyed. No work has been done tor the
closure of the outlet since.
The aet of September 19, l8fK), directed that ?l5,(MM) of the appropria-
tion should be applied U) closing this outh»t. In Xovember Assistant
Engineer John Ew<ins was sent t4) make an examination fortheiniriiose
of preparing plans for the work recininMl. His r(»port is given below :
I left Vicksburjf NoveiiibtT 6. but o\viii;( to a chaii^jt? in time of sttsimboat^ was
nnable to leave Shroveport until Xovember 8. at 10 a. m.. and arrived at the Sale
and Murpby Canal tlie morning of November 9. I foun<l tlie canal for a diHtanoe of
800 feet trom its mouth back eonipletely covered with an inujiensi^ Jam of drift logs
and trees, very few of Avbich were not of f7)rniidable ])ro]»ortions. Around the base
of this conglomeration of d^^bris a heavy deposit of Hand and clay has formed, mak-
ing an impassable barrier, wliieli is closing the. canal gradually through the natural
action of the river, and, judging from the j>resent rate of progrcHs, the c'h)sure will
be complete in 3 or 4 years. After a careful inspection of the canal from its mouth
to a jjoiut where it divides into si'veral small branches a very desirable section
about 1,200 feet from the mouth was selected as the one most suitable for an em-
bankment to close the outlet. The favorable features it presents are ns follows:
1. A foundation free from stumps, logs, etc., that always prove fatal to levee em-
bankment, .
2. It is the narrowest section between high banks; has the minimum water sec-
tion at a stage at which the (dosure will have to be nuide; and a marked bar forma-
tion is manifest, greatly reducing the till and giving a stronger fonndatiou.
8. ITie banks practically are as high as at tbe mouth.
4. Tlio best and nif>st aceessibli* mateiial in the vicinity is quit<5 near.
In addition to these salient ])oints, the advantagt* to be derived from the protoc-
.tion the immense barrier of «lri ft and deposit will art'ord can not be estinuitod too
highly. The position selected is as near the moutb as prat.'ticabhs tbe governing
cohditicms being to obtain a section that will be tr(M> from htgs, andatapoint where
the pressure of intlowiug water will be at a niinimuni. The section was sounded
carefully with a i)oIe an<l distances measured wit li steel tape. The total width of
section from top of high bank is 160.7 feet; the water width at present stage 97.5
feet. For a space of 41 feet an average depth of 8 f«!et of water was found, but in
the spaces on each side of this i)ool the depth varied from 0 to 6 feet. The high-
water mark of 1890 (tlu^ highest known) was found to be 18.5 feet above the water
surface November 9. (H. W. 18iK), L'8lM5 feet Cairo datum.)
The following embankment is recommended for the closure of this outlet: A levee
having a crown of 10 feet, to (extend 2 feet above high- water mark. Outside and in-
side slo])es 4 on 1. The upper end (»f the dam to bo extended out to the main levee
a difitance of about 1,500 feet, and the lower end to be extended to edge of swamp,
about 1,400 feet. The crown and slopes to be sodded and covered with a thin layer
of willows or other brush at hand, laid so as to form a light mattress to be held in
place by sacks of earth. On the river face this mattress should be extended at b^ast
50 feet beyond the base of the levee. A structure of this character, properly built,
should stand all the pressure it would be subjected to ; but in order to have the views
of the people who reside in the vicinity of the canal, and who are familiar with the
regimen of the river at all stages and its etfect at the canal, I invited Mr. M. Hunt
and Mr. T. J. Martin to go over the ground with me and discuss the merits of difter-
ent locations as i)os8ible sites for the dam, and both agreed that the site selected was
most desirable for permanence and eo(momy in building. The ma|j:nitude of the drift
and deposit makes it not only inipracticabh!! but very undesirable to adopt any situ
nearer the mouth.
KHtiinaitft.
12,798 cubic yards main (embankment, at 20 cents $2, Xii). 60
12,888 cubic yards embankment for extension, at 10 eents 1, 2;JS. «()
Mattressing main embankment 2r»(). OO
In8i)ection :<4K). 00
Contingencies, prote«-ting work during high water, etc 651.00
Total 5,000.00
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• . ■•:.!■. .1"* :i iM-piii^jiiiji. ainl ;ili of tin*
; !.i :. iivi-i ;it all sta;;**^ ^Imulii 1.h- tIommI
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nnTl«-lN wliii-li •
,u*nuluall>. ^'Vi' !• .* ..'• . .'-■'•:•.. allnwi-ii to giv«.' tli».* rhanui.'l tuipDr-
tiiiiitv to aiiani :-• I; *o ^:.. • « n-;.-!-,! dJM-|iai^«*.
sriivj:\ 1)1- n\:u i:i\j-i; ji;"i i ilimn. \ukansas. to axciiafalava
<)ii ari'omit ot' tlio ilifiiiiih y ill MMinin;^- skilliM.1 lucii tor tin* ^radi* o
work r<Miuir«Ml on the ^iii\fy. ami tin* lat«* ilat<» tin which tht* ii]>]>ro]ii'ia
tion iMM-anu* availabh* at'irr lin- a|>i)i'oval of the pniject rtMpiiriMl by
i;i\\. it was jiiiiiii'il mo>t rroiiniiiiral to ]»ONt])nin» the trlaii^'ulatioii anil
imrJNi' li'vcls Irniii Alexandria to tla* Atchatalaya until tlie t'nllo\viii«r
••■:i-on. TlM'>nrvey party wa^* rt'ornatii/^eil under Assistant Kn.s,nn«'<*r
Ii. ^I. Marshall, and <'niploy«»d on the survey i»r Yazoo I^iver trom
0'*',}n*i- 'J'J lo DiM'eniber <>. and tlu'ii transterreil to Shrevei>«»rt and
' ..; .:'j<i\ on \\\r survey olthe (.'y|>re<s Ilayou and tlie lakes until April
il. 1 'H. I |»on the eoin]detion olthe tield work the ]Kirty was ilivichMl.
• ' •!• *.M li'iH ill lieinn ><*nt to make additional itoss se<*tions ot* Red
• •.« !'fV. >Jii(\eport and (Minnei't ^^itll the stations ot* tornier snr-
'• I. i^''- l.*i\ir ancl lI;i\ou l*iern»: and thi' seeond detaehinent wa>
• •• •■ 'onneciinu- hiuh water marks with the levid lines ami
■'■,• di ijiaruf of \U'i\ Hiver and outh»ts ahiive Shrevei»nrt.
'\'i*,t\ fit' I ^IM^ w.i-i risinu in Red River persons living" alouu
« •• . I I III to ro(ipeiate with the euiiineers in n\i?ii: tli«*
Al.'.Ml I. "id piiMM'> ol' zine. lettered 11. W. lym. wnr
/' i. .;»!.: eon\ « iili-ni to i]n' river between Kultoii. Ark..
.' •■ •!•, «•. err a>ke<| t<« nail them to trei-N «ii •n::M:nu^
' J In- lioiM|.:i!id to Ni'ud de^el iplinn^ •'*f *:.«■ >'••;!
■ « • • > ■ ^ %
\-i«'!ir lli'iix p.olin-^ w»-;f ;rt»
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X
1950 RErORT OF THE CHIEF OF KXOIXEERS, U. S. ABMY.
the tlotli of June the boat bad ivatluMl Pdsteii Bay«>u, 53 mile^
Slirevei)ort. Progress was !*low, as tlu* banks >vere ovorgrowi
brush and vines, and all trees were eiit into sliort lengths so as i
beAMmie chamiol obstructions in the future. Operations witli the
during the year were eondueted under the immediate supervis:
Overseer W. W. Moore, who reported the ft»lU>wiug summary of
done:
Snui;s mid trees removed Inmi I'lmnnel
Shore 8iiu«;8 removed
.Side jams reinovfd
Leaning tre«'S removed
Trees girdled
Stumps removed
Square yards brush ami willows rut 1(
False points removed with explosives
The removal of obstiiietions during tht* }k\sx year has been of ^
benefit to navigation, as is evidenced by the I'aet that not a vessel
lost, and, to my knowledge, there has been no serious aeeident.
Xew Orleans and Shreveport boats ran tlirough the Little Kive
regular time witli the gauge at Shreveport n»ading only 2 feet, a
dition previously unknown by any of ttie i)ih>ts whom 1 questioned
The plant when not in usi* was laid up at Slireveport. and eai'ec
properly to prevent deterioration. The rented storehouse upon
bank near the l>oals was destroytMl by lin* September l». The tire li
out uptMi the t»]»])osite si<le of tiu* slnet. but spread «jul«-kly. K
eH'oii: was made by tlie employes to save the lU'oj^erry. but as ihc* '
was blowing toward tlie tieet. they had all they eon hi do to sjivi
lx)ats. Witli the t*\ee]>tion of skill's, th«' «rrratt»r portion of the iu*o]
destroyeil wasof Htth* vahn\ and had brrn inovrd from the boats \\
it was needed no liuiger.
ALKWNPIM.V.
The aet of September r.>. lstM». piovidiMl that *• -'f«l.\0()o shall be
in the work at Alexandria." No j»orti<iii oi' iiii< iimonnt has beei
pended. but it is intended to riihi]L:<' tlie rliatiiii-l ihrough the u
falls by dredgiuiLi". de]»ositiiig tin* i'\i:i\alrd inahTJal (Ui the east >
endof Bailevs Dam at thelowt-r talN. :ind liu\ iiii: morr for that inn
ifneeessary. Soundings \vi*n* iii:Hh* in Angn<i timing tin* progn*
the survey of Hed Kiver for a wtukini: map in «aM* an allotment .sli
be made for ]>ri»teftin«r tin* l»ank ai Ahxandria. Inii no work was
on ae<'ount of the lat('ni'» ot'ilir ap|i]'i»)>i'ialion and the rontinued
water to the <-los«' ni' tin- (iM-al >im!. li i< ad\ i^al>I<* to put this
ofVas hmg a^s pM>Nihh'. Ih'tan^i' il i> a \«'r\ dflical** niatler t(» d(
upon a work tur liank iMntn i jdn (ithi-t- than i«'\('tnn*nt that shall
part of an intdliui'nt plan t'nr tii«- ;m-i niannit iuiproN rnn'nt of thrstr
l*n»peM> t»\\ni'i«* alniiL; ^h«u«' In')o\. ?ljr l»!'iilvi* ai Mnnroj*. on <Mia«
IJivrr. ha\<* proirrinl ilu- ri\rr imnr a; llu-ii own rhai'ges by a
rangenn-nt o!" |»ih*> and j»lank< m i in ima* r<. and it is d«'sired t
siTve tin* I'll'ict i>t' iliis ri»iM|»arari\ r]\ in«-\jM'ii>i\i* work. I{(»\eti
with nialtrf« wnvk m ^Imhi' al'iiu-. a«- n^nl will; sin-t-i'ss on the M
sippi. is id ht* pn-fi-rird in an\ «'ih« r kiinl as ^^Ihmt pr.tt»M*tion, bui
[iro)M'ri> nwiui-sal A l-xanili ia aii- nn\\;Ilinu" ii«.-i\t' any part «M
liank nut-^idf I in- n»\\ii lr\iM- ii> In- '^laiiiMJ awav. wliirh would ha>
In- »lonf it* rr\ «•! nii-ni \\«ic a«hijiu-ii. ;^^L:i^^•an\ <-a"*> >li»pe and ]U'e
lis sliding ini«i ihr i i\i r. liui ii i In- n rnii iltti'-inn of rlie Vnitetl 8
\-tn\i\ niav !»«■ I'ollnwtd. in whi« li it va-* li«ld thai iIm* Stale eonnuis
•
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lt»54 REPORT Ol-^ THE CHIEF OK ENIJINEEUS, .U. S. ARMY.
Thf 'J\^ t<iii IkisU \v;l> iisrd. a> 1«m .il |»:iitit> ;ihsiiujI mv ihnt ilu*y wuuKl jj:ii;»r;
Tu do thi- W(»rk satisfiuiorily lor that ]ni(«'. Tht- 10 rmt estiinaU' lor rxtiMisim
^liore I r.iiisiiliT hwffv t-uouj;h, us Tluy ran In- imule with scrapiTS and very oa
'Iho s4lu»i«' ^Y(l^k i^ iuiiMHtaiit fur j»nit«M f iou at l\i:;h water, as tIk- loral lovoo oxt
to tUf liills and im waior rould nsuli tin- rniltaukmrnt from al>oM',
OwiujL:" to till' latt' iktumI wlu-ii tlir ii]»pn>]»riatioii uas \i\iu\o \\
tliou^lit iM'St todi'tV'i- the work of <*oiistnu*tiii'r this diiiii ami tlio
])ioai-hrs until aftiT th(» wiiitt'i- ami s]uiuir H«m)(]s hatl ]uisstMl. inonlt*
>rivt» jilfiity 4»t*tinit* tor it to (*oiis<»liilato; ami tor this li'asoii and on
count ol suiMM'ssivt* llooils ainl rontinnrd liijrh watrr to thilr noth
was dont' to tht* iMid (d'tlu* tisral yrar. It is f\]MM't*Ml to romnionrt*
i-onsi ruction by the ndddh* of Auj:usi. and under tudinary <'onditi<Mi;
slu»uld bo tinished >Yithin a na»nt]i or (» weeks at most.
'Ihis W(»rk shtiuhl be rej^ardtMl (»nly as a be«i:innin*r, and all i»t* t
outlets which now <li*iilete the main river at all staj^es should be «*los
gradually, sutlicient intervals bein-r allowed to jji:ive the channel oppi
innity tip adapt itsidf to the increasiul dischar^re.
srKVK\ vr KKD KIVER FKOM Fl LToX, ARKANSAS. TO ATCUAFALA^
RIVKR.
IMMCHM'.SS RKIMUM.
On actount of the ditH«-ulty in securin^r skilled men for the jri'ade <
work retiuired on the survey, an<l tiie late date «mi which theappropri;
tion became available after the approval t»l* the project required b
law, it wasjud^'ed mt»st economi«*al to post])one the trian«:;ulatiou an
precise levels from Alexandria to the Ati-hatalaya until the tbllowin,
si»as<ni. Tlu» survey party was reorganized under Assistant Knjrinee
II. M. Alarshall. and employed on the survey of Ya/oo IJiver t'nni
October 1*0 to I>ecend)er (>. and then transt'cri'ed t«» Shreveport an<
enpi*rotl on the survey of the Cypress l>ayt»u and the lakes until Apri
14, ISIM. T'pon the c<»mph»tion of the lichl work the ]»arty was tlivided
one detachnu'Ut beinj*; sent to nuike atlditional cross section:? of Ked
Kiver below kSh re veiHU't and connect with tlu» stations of fonnor sur-
veys of Little IJiver and Bay<»u Pierre: and the second detachment was
employed in connectiu'r hij;h-wat4'r marks with the level lines and
measurinjr the discharjre of Ked Kivt»r and outlets above Shrevej>ort.
AVhile the Hoiid of l.siM» was risin;: in Ked IJiver ])ersons livinjr ahm«::
the banks were asked to coojjcratc with the enirineers in lixinjx the
hijrhwater lin«\ About loO ]mci'i's t)f zim*, h*ttered II. W. ISUO, were
mailed t<» citizens liviiiir convenient to the rivt»r betw<'en Fulton, Ark.,
and th«» Atcliafalaya. wlio were asked to nail them to trees or buihlinj^s
at the extreme hci«iht ot the llnnd. ;md t4» send <b»scri]dions of the hM*a-
tions anil d:iles tn this dniiM'. About thirty notires \v«mc received, and
the rh'vatjoiis of tlic murks hiwr been taken ])\ Uxr] Mlier<'ver the de-
tachment wa*s within reasonable distance of liie mark. Oilh»v marks
have been Nveled to after imjuiry fr(>ni perNons li\ in^ alon^i tin* banks
as far down>neam as Alexantlria. Tin' tli>char;i«'of ei«»ht outlets fnnn
the west bank was measure«l by tloats. ami ihat t)f Twelve Mile l>ayou
and rri»ss iSavon taken with the Priee current nn'tt»r. as alsi» the dis
charjre of lied IJivcr abo\e and below them. TIn'se observations were
made on llie >i»iinu rise, when the Shreve]»orl ^^aujue was L*."* feet.
The party was tiien reilueed t«» a sinuh* >niall detaciinient — tiit» dralYs-
men and C4im|mi«'r> bi'in;^' sent to ihe otlice to work ni>on maps and
n<»tes — and ejiuai^cd in le\-elJ!ii: t«> hi;:li water marks, cimnectin^* trian-
;ralation >ialioii's wiili .uaniic si'eti«»n^. and niakiiii: discharge and seili-
iiient iilr^ei \a:ion^. Tlie w^ik h:i-» pro^H->si-d sali-^faetorily. the stajie
APPBNDIX y — RKPKKT Of CArJAtN' wri.LAKI).
10,57
Tin.'. pri'iJiaiM'iit hiiprovoini'iit of Krd lil\rr others :» [irMlilriii of ox«M*»Mliii;; rliOii'MlU-,
flic solution ofwliicli (io|M'iii1s iipiMi mt.-iiii coiiilitiiMi.s that, i^xist in no otiuM'Klrmiii
ill like (U'^rcc. Tlu^ iiioKt Kcrioii.s (jiii'Ktiun i^ tlif (lis|Hihilioii of drift, which riiitN :it
timoH iu Hiich f[iiaiititio8 hs to render iiiivijirntioii hu/anloiis liy day and impossibh'.
by night. The river is frequently .ianiined in a few honrs with aeivs of tinufrs and
logs; and raft formation iH prevented only hy jmini])! serviee. of the .siia;r boati<.
»Shonld jams occ'ir when funds an* exhausted and none experted for 8<nne lime, it is
probable that new raftri would form, divertin;; ihe river from the bed in whieh
thousands have been judieiously spent, to ]osr. itself in the h>w]aud.s and bayous,
flestroying by the. way a f«»rtile eountry tliat has been reelaiined from ov«frllow by
the joint work of the im])rovement and the eonstru4'tii>n of levees by tin* State.
Should the survey of Red River now in i»ro«;ress to ilw. Atchafahiya indieate that a
8bu;k- water system is feasible and for the best interests of navigation, tln^ question
of drift would assume larger proportions, possilily wou jindiibitory. There ean be.
little doubt that it wonhl forbid tin- giMutral applieation of any existing system of
movable dams; and even with iixed dams the qne.stion remains a srrions one. Some
means would have to be devise<l to eateh <lrift. keeji it «>nt of the ehannel way and
locks, and this wmild iieei'ssitate very long guard walls, >\ith traveling eraiies to
handle heavy timber. Possibly a eombination of two systems niijj:ht be made, givuig
a drift jiass to be eh»sed by heavy shutters, bear trap, or other (b*viee drawn from the
best experieneo on sueh work.
An open river, however, even with oeeasional «Iet<'nlions in low wafer, is to be
7»rof<*rred to any .slack- water system with detentions at ev«'.ry lock. if it ean be. made
To give generally a fairnavigation throughont the year at a reasonable eost, and
itspermaneney s«'run»d by a moderate i)creentage for maintenance. The imiiortanee
of the subject ean be judged best by referring t«) the map of the "'ountry drained by
lied. Onaciiita, and tribntary streams. Clieaj* transportation tor th«* entire valley
■west of Missis.sippi an<l south of the Arkansas is possible onlv through the mouth of
Ked Kiver to the port of Xew Orleans and the sea.
Whatever plan shall be adopted for improving the main riveis. or even if the. work
of giving an a.ssured reji.sonable navigation iu lied Kiver to Shreveport and beyond
be delayed for a time, there are certain general principles to be followed, if (»nly to
save, till that rune eonies. what has been gained, or to prevent the liver closing.
These principles are stated-in natural sei|uence. as fnllows:
1. The systematic clearing of the ))auks for some distanre liack far beyond the
limits of this district. It is cheajker to renujve the soun-e of drift than to dispose of
drift; and the benefit to navigation is immediate.
2. An etticient snag boat service for general work. i)atr<ding the river, preventing
jams, removing logs and snags from the chauiH>l an«l banks, and diedging tow-heads
and obstinate shoals. Here, again, the benelit is innnediate. A )>ermauent a))pro-
}»riation of not less than fl'n.OOO a year is in*eded tor this purpose.
3. Kxtcnding the sco])e of the survey to embrace the whole valley. This is neces-
sary to the ])roper study of this riv<;r and tributaries, an«l to furni.sh all the int'onua-
tion refjuired to decide u])on a system of imiirovement and to loeate its elenn-nts.
4. Con.struetion of a substantial system of levees to nvstrain the greatest lb>ods,
either abuie or in partnership with the riparian States.
.").» Closing gradually every out h't through which the main streams are dejdeted
at vari(»us stages above low water.
(i. Fixing caving banks to c(mline the main stream to the channel selected for it.
7. To exerci.se a watchful care fn»m lirst to last to ]>revent injury to the regimen
of tht; streams by cut-otVs or (uith'ts, and to keep the building of bridges within
reasojiable bounds.
Onlinsirily, fixing; <'aving banks should pror.ode h'vco Iniilding and
eh)sing tmth*ts, hut as the banks aio ivasnnably stable for a <*()nsider-
nble part of Ked l^iver, and as the object is to gr^t an improved naviga-
tion without unneeessary dehiy, revotin«*nt is ])laeed after tlieni. The
surest and elieai)est way to get the bnietit of levi*es in eoneentrating
the flood Avaters is to join the States and aid them in restoring antl
completing their levees. The estimates tor levee eonstrnetion are for
eompleting lines in Louisiana projected by tli<* State engiinMn*. Otiier
lines will 1x5 hiid down in Louisiana an<l Arkansas after the survey
shall have been (?oin])let<Ml to the Atchafalaya. The clo.sure of the out-
lets may be aeeomplished as part of the levee work when the lines ar^
conveniently near.
< I
I
kyA.lltCR4C0.
iflL
- Ai
APPENDIX V-7-Bi:P0liT W CAl'TAIN WILLARD. 195!)
}r"l"'!l nhili'iiiriil.
Julyl, 1890, l>uluiii.'eiiui-\]ii-]iilMl *i;i,a{B.33
Amomit Hppniprinti-(l I'.v act npiiinvril S<'])irinln'r 1!1, IWM 128.000.00
111.336.33
June 30, 1891, iimonnt expeii>li-il ilnriii}; fts.-iil v.i.r H(i.831.»<l
July 1, 1801, balance nnerjKiHiiMl Ii)1.40+.ft4
Julyl, 1891, ontfltBU(Unglinl>Hiti.s _... 429.4B
Jnlyl, 1891, liftlfliiCBaTailnhlr ia% 975.48
t Ainouutfhiitcimbe]»rofltiib!.v.!XiiMi.|r.liiilis.Mil.vMiri.ii.liMK.Iiiiii:«'. 1893 100,000.00
^ Snbmittnil iu compfiancG wirli ]vi]iii»'iLi<>iitK <>r siiliiiiiK 2 ol' rivci- iiiid
( harbor aita of ISOG and IKKT.
The amounts pxpcnded dnriiij; tliii tiscul yfui' Knclini;.Iiiiii! 'Mi. )M{PI, vf.n- im t'lillovH:
For general improvement, n-pnirM. nirp of jiljiiit. i-tr i^, 346. 36
ForCyprcii Uayoii, etc 28.'i.94
For eiuuiination and survey of the l.ittlu Itivrr lii'loivS<<>|>iiii Cnt-nli'.. . 1',:CJ3.99
For examination of Bale and Miiipliv Outlet 101. M
For the snrvoy of Rpd River 4,773.90
Total 3t>,831.:ei
COMllKHCtAI. STATIsTirs.
In the past fieeal year Bed Uivcr wuuiiavi^rniiiii iiptwR<>u Slirc^voport niidtho tnniitli
during July, and ftoin Octobci 1 to .liiuc: 30. During Aii{;iiiit mid Stjittruiln^r tLo
river was at a very low stage, and fur iian of that period Monifroinvi-y, li!l inilcH
holoir Shreveport and .12 iibove Alexandria, wim thn neud of navigatiou. Ilctwi-eii
Slirevoport, La., and FultJin. Ark., the river was nnvigalile froni XiiviTul>cr6 to May
16, and ftoin Shreveport to (inrlnnil, for sninll ateamera, the entire year.
The following stcauilioatti were engiif^ed iu thit Itcil Kiver trade during the year :
TaJIfljrQQMn.,
Hn]lctte".'.".''.'!;.'!!!".'!^'- -SSliwi l«!o'3ai 4
John D. Si'nilv -KtS. TOl 21B. 0 M. 8- 1
! I ) i
Sat. P. Unrtch ilOlM; IBl.fl5a.» 3
FHmiUr (in.7« iL'ii.osn.e a
E. U. Whtelcict . .
C. £. Sotlf rlM . . .
BplleCnwka
Mm™
John (liluiore —
nil. 411 i<>2.iiw.n (.a
TS.43 OLeSi.i\ 10
. 4.1.* I I04.31V.
3 iijij
ShrcvunoTt andJuflprrion —
...do
Slueviiptirl, Giliner, uhI Obp-
Fultuo and Liin«»nint
Whreveport nod AlBiandriB . .
_ FultflDnnd Gmiani)
l-fll Fiilhm and. T.uiMt|H)rC ....,..,
I j tjiinveiiflrt timt (iBrbind I .
I ^, > Knox I>i>i Dt ami Mnalh BUck l
1960 rp:port of the chief of engineers, v. .s. akmy.
The freights by river are given below, witli a eomparisun with lbe2 years pre-
ceding :
Artit'lea.
Cotton
Cotton need
Hides and skins.
LiTostock
Lumber
Stares
Stone
Cotton-soed nioal
Sundries
1S90-'91.
Tons.
l!J.6i;»
12, 'iM»
212
"38
16, 52:1
81
10.0(H)
2,719
1889-'90.
Tont.
18,838
14,140
35
4,519
58
136
1888-'89.
Tont.
12,&93
11,975
97
82
4.600
"*373
Tot-nldown frciglit.
Return freights
63, 43:)
30, 031
37. 726
28,6^
29.670
19,780
Total.
93.486 J 66,376 I
40,450
Estimated vabie i9, 185, 000 $6,820,310
$5,870,000
Inncblitioit to the above: From Ouachita River, entering Red River at moutli of
Black River, 221,191 tons. The value of whieh is estimated to bo $9,130,000.
The following table shows the reeei])ts and shipments of cotton at Shrevcport, La. :
I80a-'9i.
Source of n>c«'ii»ts:
By rail
Uy wagon
]Jy riv<*r
Bale*.
39, 890
37,723
14,836
1889-'90.
Bale*.
25.470
40,026
8,897
]888-*89.
Balet.
;w,331
35,450
12,368
Warolioiise rfcoiptw ! 92,449
ShipmvntM: ,
By Tpx:m and Tjui lie K.qilroud ! 23. f'.l 1
J*y Vit'kHltiir^. Shn'vcjMirt and racilli'. Kaih'tmd l."», olU
By Shn'V(']Mirt and IlmiMtun Kaih-oaii
By St. LouiM and Siiuthwt'stfrn Knili-oad
BV rivt-r !«» Now ( )r1<*iins
Total
13. KOO
15, 039
19,218
74,402
23.690
20,813
12. 529
8,820
8.412
78.148
20,682
24,029
4tf4
24,123
8,056
80.992
74,204
18,184
The water route from Slirevcpf»rt, La., to Jeft'erson, Tex., through the lakoA and
Cypress Bayou, was navigable from l>ee»?mber 1 to the end of the fiscal year. The
number of trips made by steamboats is given in the list of boats above, and the
freights reported were as follows :
Freiglita.
1890-'91.
Tm*
Cotton 025
Ciitton »iHd ' 200
LnuilMT 89,4(K}
Suudrk'fl 1, 82.'>
Total down frci^ilits \ 85, 050
Return fn-iiiliiK ! TOO
]88ft.'90.
Tvnt.
200
25
225
3.300
T<italfni"lits 8r»,7."i0 i
3,525
Estimated value ' $748,000 J $304,325
*Not i-pportod.
The ronipetiug routes of transportation for the trade of tlie Red River Valley
belt»w Fulton. Ark., an* as follows: Thi* river is ero.«<sed by the St. Louis, Iron
Mountain and Soutlieru Raihvav. at Fulton. Ark., bv the St. Louis and Konth-
western Railway (Cotton B^dt Route), at (iarhuid. Ark., and by the Vickubuzg,
V~RKP'1HT.0>: ClWilK WlLLlittt- ' i^St
Him |vnn;u)mtl iiii|in>i'i>u]<.'iit, nf itiirM'olIbriapiobleiaDfaxoMdiiiff dinenliy,
th«»<>]iili>in«l'wltliii ilnitiitiitii ii| jaa ^Quditlvnathat otlat In no othor ■boam
III tiy- i)<;:ri.>. [fw im-l Milr.ii ..tmtt theiUaBuutiancir drift, whiobTanBat
.1 . I- I I r iiftTlfliatlon MiMdona Iiy cUqr ftnd impoulble '
I < iiii ,.. J, led in a ftw hours irlUi aocM of uiurs and
III' ^ ■ iiti-'. .., Jj bj prompt Bervice of the anag Doati.
.[ .ii>' I'^liuiiBMdand none oxpeotod for Bomo tlniQ, It fa
.::: - ti'iiilil I'nrni, diverting tba rivoT ftom the bed in which
li.iv.' Iii^ru jiiillr'ioiii^ly spent, to loMi itnelf in tbe luwlanda and baTom,
t \ij flui way & furtiln'nxtutry tlmt hfta beon rooluinied lYom overflow bjr '
wur): of the improvDinont mid the constntation of leveoa by the State.
IT in progTBW to the Atchafalaya inilicate that a
I'"' '.'[J) best interests of uiLviautioo, the qncation
., poSBibly even prohibitory. There can be
. .eml ap]>Iication of iiny existing Hystem of
j tlio i{iii>stiou romainH ii eerioos one. Sonie
d h:ivo to bo rteTisert to catfli ilrift, keep it out of the cliannel way and
aud this wonld neceasitatn very long gxiioA walla, ii'itli trnTeling crane* to
bf«ry timber. Possibly a combination of two eystems might be made, giving
B^iiftpBMlabe closed by heavy abutters, lienr tnip, or other device drownitom the
Wrt uperiencq nii such woA.
Jn epm river, however, even with occnsionnl detentions in low water, is to ho
inlHnvI to any Hlack-water eyst«m with detonlinns at every lock,if it con be made
It |iTR geiteraliy a Mr navi^tion throughout tlie year at a reasonable coat, and
HlwnaunMicy secured by a moderate percoutage for maintiainnce. The importance
•f MHhk<-tcBn lie Judgnl best by rol'i^rring tu tliomap of the country drained by '
MiOiiai-ntta, and tribntury stroama. Cheap trnnanorttition for tho entire vulloy
•t of UiwiMippi nnd snnth'of the Arkiinaaa Is pofiatble only tiiToiigli the mouth of
Bad Kivcr tu the port of Xen Orlcaiix iinil the scu.
WliBtever pliin ?<linll lie niloptcd for iinj^'Dviiig tho main riviTc, or even If the woi^
■t nriiiK an a^iimt rcusonnlile nitvi;:iitioii in lied Kiver to Khreviii>ort and beyontl
Wdebynl fur n time there are certain general principles to ho followed, if only to
Hn,tiU that limo cotncs. what has been gained, or to prevpnt tho ilver rlosiug.
llMwiiriui-iploH iin> Ktatwl-iu ii.ii nrnl wi|ni'iicp, na f(dlow» :
1. Tht- Hv«t4>lii:iti«' i'li'iirhlg»t'tjie liiiiiltM fur Minje distil nil' back fur iHtviiiid thii
liMit* of liiiH iliHtrif-t. 11 is <'I)i'ii]ht to rciiiovu lEiu source of 'liili liiiin to (liMiioufi of
drifliaiiil the ln-nelit to niivigntiini is immcdiuti'.
- An PlIii'iFiit snug bimt survice fur gi-nrrul work, piitroliug the rtvi-r, pn-vciitiiig
jm. [•'iiiiiviiif! logH and siiiigs fi'oin tliti chuiiuid Diiil banks, ami dre<lging tow-hciiiln
ml nlDitiusti' Hlioiilit. Ifi-rp, aguin, tiiK beiiclit is iniiut'<linte. A puriiuinent appro-
|irliii<in »rii»t li-Ks ilian fSi^WO a year ia needed for this iiiir|)i>Ki'.
X Kxti-iiiliiit: till- si'opi' nfilip survey toiinhnui- till- wlmU' vallor. Tliisia ncrea-
■ary til till' pill] it-r study of this river and tribiittirics. nnd tu ftiniinhnl) theiiilVinna-
lim minimi t" di'i-id^ iip'Ui a syHtem of iiiiprovemcnt and tu Im-iitu itaelemeulH.
,^ I'liiiHtriK'liiin uf a sniistiintial syslr-ni of liivccH tu ri'struin thf greatest iliiods,
•ith'i sliine or in partntirabip with tin' ripnrinn Stutes.
■Vrlu^ug gradually vvcry outlet thrciuKh which tlic niniii streams nro depletiOd
M variiinH Kiagi-s iiIhivc low water.
*■ Riing raving Iianka to runtine tb" mniii slri'iini to tlic t')i:inni-l selcet-ert for it.
". Til rxcrriiu- » watchl^l core from fimt to hint to prtvent. iu.jury to the rcgiincn
"t thp Mrr.iniK bv rnt-otls or iinllets, iiuil to ki-ep tlio buililiiig of bridges within
M^malili' Ixinuiln.
"niiiiiirily, tlxinV caving bunks hIhiuIiI procode lovoc building and
rIoMng (intli'ts, but as the banks ai-v ivawjiuibly stabk' I'ov a con-sidflr-
■I'k' part «f Itcd Kiver, and as the objwt is to f!o,t an improved navifja-
Iwo witliout uiiDWCwtary delay, i-evetmi-nt is platrvd after tliem. Tlie
wn'st und flHMjiest way to get the In-m'lit of l«vees in coucentinting
tliu flood waters is to Join the States and iiid tbcni iu restoring and
Miniiltting their levees. The estimates lor levee eonstruetion are for
B)iiililcting lines in Louisiana projeetcd Ity tlie State engineer. Other
liwawillbc laid dou-n in Tjouisiana and Arkansas alter the survey
rtiall have been (■om]ilet»'d to the Atehalala,\!i. The closure oJ' the <)nt-
tets may be aeeomplished im part of the levee work when the hues are
conreuicutly near.
Ik
l!)5Ji REPORT OF TliE CHIEF OF ENOIXEKRS, it. S. ARMY.-^
i> f: r A I IF. I » j: sm ma i ks .
Flathoat with steam power and crauo or shears. r.-iUin. und ontlit
Two dniup-scows for dredjre i
Pile driver with steam hammer anil jet
Small towlM>at and tender, .sTrel hull
Skirts, rijrjrin^. tools, etc
Scrricf of pUnit.
Expenses ol' sna^ and tow hoats
Expenses of <lredge
Expenses of ehoppinjj parties
Excavation of rock and straij?litenin«; cliannel at Ah'xaiulri:i
KeniovinjL^ (d»strn<'ti<»ns in Cypress Itayou
f 'fl/Y of pi (tilt.
Wajjes, suhsistenoe. and supplies for lleer
Regular and extraordinary repairs
CoHnirmtion.
Repairing and enhirpiug the State levees hy jtdninji: witli the Stato
engineers and leve4» boards for the pnrpi>se of <'ontinin^ the waters
uf Ked River to the adopted channel, thereby improving; and
giving ease and safi'ty to the navigation of the river, cuhir yanls
estimate<l as follows :
Caddo district above Slireveport TiO, 000
Caddu dist rict helow Shreveport :>70, 000
dossier district below Shreveport :iOO. 000
HoHsier district above Shreveport 80, 000
Rapides district, from Alexandria tii A\o\cIl«.s Prairie 140.000
Total «ubie yards, at 1*0 cents 790. 000 $1
Closhitf niitlt tft.
Pooley and Red Bayou
Cottonwt»od Hayou
Cowhide Ihiyou
Tunes Bayon
Choctaw Rayon
Draining impounded water from Choctaw Hayou by canal to Hayou ties
Glaizes, or otherwise
Establishing gauges and pay of observers
Leveling and monuments
SurnyM,
Completing survey of Red River a<"cording t<» ap|)roved projeet, including
triant;ulation. transvallev sections, borings, and publieation of maps on
full scale -'
Ijocal surveys and examinations of caving banks for revetment work
.iilnihnstmthtn.
Oftice exi»enses, stationery, mileage, and contingenries
As}«istaut engineers, draft>men, inspei"ti<»n, and trans])oriatioii
Total •!
ArrKNjux v-7-ki:p(»ut of cai»tain willaud. 195J)
•'uU 1. is*Ni. ii:ti.iiii-«- Miii-\iitMiiitMi >f!i.s. !':;»;. i>:{
Aiii«»niit nvj»rMpii:iTeil ».y sn! aiijinn nl Si])t<uilMr 1!». ISJH) 12K.000. 00
in.L>36.33
.lime 3ii. 1x91. ann»mit <'XpriiibMl ilurinj; Hs.al .mjh :^«;. .s:^l.Hil
-lulvl, l«n. l«il:iu<»? mu-xiMiuh-il HH. im.J»4
July I. lW»l.«.iitst;milin;rri!»^Mliti«> 12t).4«
July 1. ls*n, lialiUunjiVHilnUlf lOIJ. 975.48
y .Vmoiiiitrli:(ttMit he]»r(itita1*iy4-x|)tMi<i<-4l in li>(':i] Miiri'ii(liii;^.hnit> lUi, 1S!K» KM). (NM). (H)
^•■iHinitiiMl ill ri>iii|iii:iiiro with irfjiiirriinMits oT srctJDiiN 2 nf rivrr and
^ haiUi.r ji. t<! .if I^M; ami IsiiT.
rii»" anitumfN rx]icnil«'«l diirin;; iln- (i*««'al \iMr iMnliuix .Inn»* IJi). isni. wt-rr as tVillows:
I •■! ^iiu-ral iinpiovcnM lit. n'i»air«<. <':iri' i»l' plant, rtr fl?9, SMJ. .'i(»
ri.ri'vin.'SM r..iv«Mi. I'tr IKi.'M
t'liirxuiiiinatiiin and snrvfv of* tin* l.iltli* l^i^^•r lulow Smpini (nt-ulV. .. U, :»2i>. JUt
FtirrxaiiiiiniTion of .S"il«* antl Mm pliv Outlet 101. LM)
1" rth.--:ii\iv iif Kiil liivt'i ■ l,77:j.iM)
Total ;UJ,KSl.:Jil
C'OMMIIM lAI. <IATI>IH «*.
In tin- pa>t lisi-al year H«m1 liixrr wa-snavi;;,;!!!!.' Im'Twitii Sljirvi-port nn«l tlu* nnnitli
•I'.riii:; .Inly, ami fVnni (NtidM-r 1 n* .Inn*' Iln. Ihirin;r An;;M>t and Si'p|iinln;r tin*
-■■rwij-.iT a \«*iv l«»\x .sta^jo. and for p.-ii i nt" that juiiod Mnntunnn'iy, Itil inili's
■'.■"•A >liii\rjiiirt anil .'»!' ;il»o\ f Ah'vandria. \Vii> ijii* In-ad (iT iiaNJ^alinn. Iirt\v«Tn
^■.:» M'jiiiir. 1..I., and l-'nltun. Ark., tin- iivi*r was navijialdt- I'mni Nhvi-imIht »> !n .M:i\
'••. JMi'i linni !*iIiif\«'port lo (iailand. tor small ^t«*al^^M■.N, iln- i-nliir \i'ai\
Iln- i-'liiiW-ni: stfanil»«»ais wiMr tn^^airrd in ihr Ii«'d l?iv«T iradc during ilu: year:
N'.:.
Dr.flf. .'
-'' — C:
— :r
I'.i-I 'V <i II vli.ll ]il II I «:.
- /■
i- Zr
— t
■ . ** I *i ' • ; • ■
■■I * I ■• i*^ H
;. I
/'.■/. It It /■/.;, . /v ..
■Ill' >.. I'.'"*. ♦» '■ ' ■ '• ■-■ •• - •> ■-'_■ Sill <■' iii'ii t :;iiil Ni-\v Ollt'ail^
.■•■i.lj !'■■■_'.'• ■. ' " < ' ■-• 'I .'» •: :;i .. *\n
jii".. '.'■■ Mil. 'I .■■."' \ '■ "J <i '» <; '^i ii')
•» i!ii
-■: Sl;:i-' I .■•>' ! I ■ .:hi> : . .Il'il < ;,ii -
!.!•:. i '.
' I "^iii'". < I 111 » ninl .li'ilt : -uii . .
. ::- .1..
■'■i '
|i:(.(i- - - -I .-. 1 »; 4 .1
i.i; "I, 1 !.■■• II ."'"i ■■ ;;. ■ m i i
,,. 1- '"■llM-'I t (iiljl.l-l . .lIllH 1,1!-
I
:.iii';
■1 r.ilti.ii .iiiii i,.ii:» -|n'ii ...
j.'ij !'• ii-ii II .'I ■ I '.' 1 ^ ', I'l I, >l'' i- . jiiii I .iTnl Aii\iUiil"';i .1
_'V| i- !'•_' »' ■" " ; ' ■ -■ ."■ I'l II <iii ...
.» !.. r-l'i'Ii .111'! I lilll.ilni
/ ! ' I '■'■.ii -III'' I. i.'i' -I'li; I
'^'.' I . ilin' I :i|.il ( i.,i l.iiiil
^ !\ iii'\ I'oii.l .iinl M'Mit li I'l.f k
f. f» ■•■I. . ■ '. " -. •"• •
■,. •! ; . ■ II , ;_ II i", . 1
1
i;:i(»
;•■•.' I
liliil
■j;m
(;ii
}■■•.'}
IJH
;i;t-
>'• ;
1 .'I
/ !Mmi
S :>. \".
• .\'-! 1. [Ill' tc'l.
■W ii,., I . ■ ..
1960 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, V. iy. ARMY.
The freights by rivor art* gi von below, with a coniparistm with the 2 yei
ceding :
Cotton
Cotton seed
Hides and skins. .
Livestock
Lumber
Staves
Stone
Cotton-seed nieul
Sundries
Articles.
Total do w-n lrci;;1it.
Betum freights
Total.
1SP0-'91.
Tons.
188»-'90.
I
•J1,613 I
12.349
212 I
"a5 :
16. 523
81
Tons.
18,«38 <
14,140
35
4,519
t • « « ■ • •
Do .■«•■••
10.000 I.
2. 719 j
■I.....
136
63.433
30,0j1
37. T26 ■
28,630
93.486
66.376
Estimated value 69,185.000 $6,820,310; $5,1
In addition to the above: From Onaehita River, entering Red River at mon
Black River, 2*J1,11>1 tons. The value of which is estimated to be $9,130AX).
The following table show.-* the receipts and shipments of cotton at Shreveport, 1
]890-'91.
Source of nvr-ipts:
Ilyrail
By wa^ou
By river
Bale*.
39.890
87.723
14.836
1889-*90. ! m
Bates.
25.476
40.026
8,897
Warehoui^e nvoi|»t«».
92.449 I 74.402
Shipments:
By Texai* and Tarirti- Kailnxid
By Virksliiir:;. .*Hhr»'vo|»<«rt and Taiirir K:iilr(iiid.
By Shn»vi'|M>rt :inil llmisroit I{ailn>;ifi
By St. LoiUM and Snurliwe^trrn R.iilroad
Bv river to NVw ( >r1ean:i
Total
23.311
l.\564 I
13.860 >
15.039 I
19.218 I
23.690
20.813 '
12,.'V29 i
8.820
8.412 !
86.992 I 74,26*
The water route from Shreveport, La., to JetfiTson. Tex., through the Inkei
Cypress Bayou, was navigable from IVcember 1 to the end of the fiscal year.
number of trips made by steamboats is given in the list of boats above, an*
freights reported were as follows:
Freights.
Cotton
C"ttrtn st-ed
LuuiImt
Siindrii-8 ...
]890-ln.
T"tal diiwii frei::hts
Return tVi-i::l IT «*
Tmu.
6S5
100
.... 81,400
1,825
;" 65,030
i 700
181
I
Total fr.i-lits
85.7.V»
I _^
£stimate<l v.i1ue ' $748,000
$!
• Not re|>ort<Hl.
The rom]M*tiug routes of transport a ti»m fur the trade of the Red River V
bflow Fulton. Ark., are as fi.»lli>W'4: 'l*hr river is rros.st'd by the St. Lunis.
MfiMiitain and Southern Ifailway. at Fulton, Ark., by the St. Liuiis aud ft
Western Railway ^Cotton Belt Rttutet, at (iarland. Ark., and by the Viclul
APPENIUX V RKPfUn* OK CATJAIX WlIiLARD. lOfi.l
I re<"oiiiiMriHl oim: of two nnns«»s in rri4;inl h> (liis piii-l of JJiul liiMM-;
oither tluit no fiirtluT work he <loiir in il until lln'ir sluill hen \nvssi\\'x
i\i*\Uii\u\ for ;i i*onsi(UM'iii)lc iniiM-ovi'MMMit troni Fulton iipwiinl, includiii;;
Little liivcr, hotli to ^ain n bottt'i* jnni lon;u:iM* jMTiod of nsivi^ifiiiion and
to ln»l[) drain tin* a(ljaci*nt lainls: or «'ls«' tliat a lilMial amount, say not
l(*.ss tlnin Ji<l(),(MM), sliall I.m- ;j:ivpn in a sin;:l<* appropriation to allow tlio
systnnati<' <*l('arin^ of the Ijanks and r<*nin\al of \o*xs from tin* <'liannol
wsiy to I'MM'niit tlu* hottom to scnur. In no otlj<*r way can tlio moin'v ho
oxiM'iidiMl economically or any api>rccial>lc results i»btiiinc<l. The cost;
of or<;fanization aiul administration will he ahout tlic same tor a small
a]>propriation as for a lar*»e one. and the cost of ^jcttinji" the plant to
tin* sc(Mie of oiMMations and ietui'nin«r it to the IliM't or other w<»rk will
rt'a<'li tojrether n<»arly >«l,tMM). The estimate is submitted with the idea
of sondinj^: all of the sna^ l>oats in Ifed liiver t(» w(»rk together under
one nuina*;ement just as soon as the sprin^i* tloods bcnin to subside, the
sua;*: boats to lu* employed on the wrack heajjs and lu'avy obstructions,
siiid the <'ho])pin«;' ]>arties to clear the banks, so that all loose stuff shall
f^i} out on the tirst and succeeding risers. This will allow about <i weeks
U) 2 months' work of the sna^' boats, tin* li;^htest draft ]*oat beinji: kept
perhai)s sonu'what lon^'(»r, and the boat with the cho])])in<f party con-
tiniiin«x on downstream on bauk work an<l small jams. About ftl,(MK>
should 1m» held hi reserve to send a sna<»" boat over the whoh» tin* fob
h>win;j: season to disl()d*;e heavy drift and jiick U]> channc*! snags.
Nothing was known in this oflice about tln*Texarkaini and Fort Smith
Hailroad Bri<lg(*, already nu'Utioned, until the snag boat HowvU went
above Fulton in »Fanuary. It ajjjjcars, how(*V(*r, that a charter had been
grauted by ( •ongr(*ss with the usual conditions, and the Inulders ass<*rt
that])lans were s<*nt to the »Secr(*tary or War before construction was
undertaken. Xo surv(*ys or j)hins wen* submitted to Cai)tain Taber,
but the promoters of the railroad wi(>te to him befon* the charter was
granted, after which he was unable to g(*t any information on tin*, snb-
j(*<!t, ])rol)ably because* the X)roje<*t was abandoned for several years.
Comjdaint having been made that tin* bridg*' would obstruct naviga-
tion, I made an examination of the liver ami bridge at tin* ])oint of
<'n»ssing, and directed the j)resi(h*nt of the comj)any to jU'epare a nmp
and phins, which have not yet been submitted, owing U\ continm*d
tliMMls in the n]>])er river. Jt is probable that deflecting dikes ])laced
about half a mile above the bridge will div(*rt the channel under the
draw span, so as t(> give reas<mably sate passage for any boat that can
navigate this part of tin* riv<T.
Moiini shifcmrnf.
Amount apprupriMtud by iwt a]>]>rov«!(l S<.'|»tciiil>rT J!», IS(H) $2, tXK). 00
Amount roc«*iv«'d fn»iji salt* nf snn*^ ]u>at Jinrlc 1, 5<X). (K)
:;, r>(M). oo
Juu<^ 30, 1891, amount expendiMl (hiriii^: lisral yoar .S, 27;?. 82
Julv 1. 18Jn, halance nnoxpondiMl 22(>. 18
July 1. lsjn,outstau(liugliahihti«*s 1.07
Julv 1. 1891, balance available 22r>. U
( Amount t hat can bo profitably i-.\|M!ink'«i in li^a 1 \ c-a r «-n<l in*^ J unr IJO, 1 SiKt 10, 000. <X)
< SubmittciMu ronipliaucc with nM|uiivuii*nt» of sc('tion82 of livor and
( harbor acts of 18(56 and 18G7.
i!»^2 RKPnlM' OK THK rUIKr <U^ KNMilNKKR?, T. S. ARMY.
r;miii»«l ln\\:u*l llir It It ili:hHi«l. Tlir //i*>r/ // cliMnMl tlir j;i|
\\oiIv«m1 ii|i>li»':mi In .*» tiiilrs ;|ht»\r ^lilI <'nM'k :int| |.% iiiili's Im'IoW
iiiiflii. 1»\ rliMl liiin', .launarv --. tlif watrr was rallin;; rapidly
ahoiiT ''*\ \W\ on tlit* liars. aii<1 tlu* boat r<'tin-n<.Ml aii<l wnrkcMl ill 1
mill's aiuivr J-'ulton. Tli** Isi <»!' Ft'lMuaiy thf iiviTiMHiiiiuMirotl]
and Tlir Ilninll was nimiI to Slin'vrpor! lo t<»w tin* Itrn-k to Kiain
possihlr. Tlir hoai> srarttMJ n]>stn*ain iM'Inuary '», ami Frbriiary
lirrrl: was ilri»|»|MMl at .IoIiht Vrvvy !»ar. I inil<» ahovr Tfiok Lai
Ark., ami y*^\ mih's abovr Kiiltoii. tin* war<*i' liaviii;:- falN'M m) rj
Thai tlir Ilo/rfll coiilil u«i iio tairhiT \\iili satrty. I"'i*l»ruaiy 2- ai
list' spl ill, aiul rlu' Hmnll worki'il njiio witliin ."><) mii<'s ot* Tin* im:
Kiaiiii<'hi hrton* tlic fall was sntlicii'iit to lUMM'ssitato tiirniu;:' baek
thrwav<low!i tlu' //»»'//// lowcil tlio /w>rA*l)a«*k to Kiilton, roacliiu
l»lat<* Ki'hiuary -7.
TIm' tolI«»wiii^ is a •<mnmarv «>tilir work tlotif liv iIh' IhunU:
Sii:i^.N |iiilli'«l
Snmi]»s i»u11im1
l.iii;'' I'l'iinixtMl tV«>ni i"li:ium i
.Ijiiii'* muiix imI
Siilf jmiis nMimvcfl
Leaning tri't"^ rut
ToNviiisi MiMU l»o:it /w'c- iV-iiM I'ii'.- P«»iiil, Loiii'siaiiii. !«> Joinri I'l-nx. Aikaiir
I'iniii 'IVxarkana ami I'oii Sjnitli K:iilri»:iil llii^lut- ti» KiilTmi. Ark.
Tlu* liaiul-i»ropoll«M| snaj: l»oat finrh\ \V. \V. M<Hir('. i»vim*m»im'
iiumuhmI woik at K<»M'l»an;rlH'r l.amlin;:', T'xas. Ffhruary ll,an<
tiinir*! ii]>stn*ain 10 iiiili*<t<» Saumltn'sou liamliiiy;. Arkansas, where
titms w<'ri' siisjuMnlnl lM»hruary L*l. Tin* l»oat startt'd downstre
till* laTt<'r dati'. Imt wa> «lflav(Ml l»v liiuli winds until ovt^rtakcn
lIiHC'lL Tin* linr/c ri'iiiovtMl 40 sna;:N, ^loin;^: sonn* heavy work,
lias not hern t'oiiml oronninifal lo u>r lh<* boat tor this class of ol
tions. as ir is brttrr adapted lor rlcaritiu tin* hanks and reinovin|[
sna;is.
Tin* work ot' tin* ]>asi yrar prartically «'omi»lrte<l tin* j)n)it»et t«
iniprovrmeiit. and has hem (■oinnu'ntlrd hy tin* stt^ainboat men
ohstrnrtions wrn* n\' tin* heaviest kiml, consist inu principally ol
snap's ami iiih*s ot" drift, which forced the livcr ont of its natural
m*l and made navi<;:ation dillicnlt and dan;:t*rons. A fair stesi
clianm*] fi»r hi;;h-wat<'r navi;;ation was cleared hy tin' lIowvU to
.■»0 mih*s of theuj>per limit, as far as the h<»at was ahh* toy:oon tli-
of water, and it was intended that tin- />rr»7ishonhl work over tin
jMirtion before it was tbnml imi»racti<'able In t«»w th<» boat that
This part t»f the river is navi;:alile by tlu* smallest boats, ami '
hi;:h sta«;es only. Lanesport. Ark., near the Indian T4»iTitory 1
miles abo\e Fnllon. n^nally i< ciin^iidered the np]M*r limit of iiavij
bnt boats make occasional trip> lo Kiamichi on the hi;:hest stii
river. r»clo\\ the Kianiichi Ked IJivcr has no iribntarv <»f e«>iisiN
<'\«-epi Litth' IJivi-r, which enter> tin* main stream *J miles above 1
Tin* o<cillali»»ns are >o rapid thai ireipnntly boatscan run in one
tion only on a >iimie riM*. and ha\c !•» re;:nlati' tln'ir trips by tlu
fity and duration of rainl'all in the ujipcr river country.
Till' banks are coNi-ieil with iree> con^-tantly caviiij; or slidii
liie nvi-r. and if the ri-mo\;il tif ob>.tiuctions trom the channel we
Tinned, and the timiier cleared from the banks to stop further ai
latioiis. na\i.iiation wouhl be safer and lhi*re wmild bt» less d
«'ontend with in the ri\t*r behiw Kulton. bni it is <hmbtfn] if the t
perioil wouhl be len«^themMl «ir llu* upiM^r limit exteiuleii.
APPENIUX V RKI'OKT OK CArJAr.V WFLLARP. 1 Ofi?
i it'i'oiiiiiii'inl oiir o\ Iwii tonisrs iii rcjuMifl In llii.^i purl of JJ«'il li'JArr:
ntliertlini m* t'lirtht-r wtnU Iw* ihmr in it iiiMil lln'ir sluill hr :i pn's>in^*
iliiuMi«1 till' ;i (*i»iisi(li*r!il»t(* iiiiprovciih'iil trom i-'ulion iipwiirdjnrliuliii^
Liftli* iiiviT. Iioth ti) *Xi\\i\ n lH*tt<-i;iiMi lonniM" pi'iioil ni' luivi^jiHon and
t«i lii>I|Mh:iiii rlir :ii1j:i(-riit Uimls: or <*ls<- tliiit ii lilural iiiiKniiit. say not
k'ssfli;ni J^HMMM). sliall Im* ;i:ivcn In a >in;:l«* appnipiiatiiMi tt> allow tlici
•vstHiiatir i-h'aiin'i of \hr i»anks ami rcnioNjil ot' lo;is IVoni The channel
lay to iMTinil tlit* Jiottfun to *^<-onr. In no otijcr way <-an tho niont'y ho
♦■\|i»*iiilnl «M-on«)ini<'ally or any ap))n'riai>lc i"<'snlts ol)tain<Ml. Tin* I'ost
i>t' «»i;,r:ii)i/:itioii :in(l a<]niinisti-alion will Im' :il»ont tlir same tor a small
.i|ii»Tii]iri:irii>n a^ tor a larju;!' one. ai!<l the co^r of ;:rtiiii^ lla* plant to
:'»♦• siMii- of opi»rations ami rrinrnln^i ir to lln* licet or other work will
r«:Mli fom-rhfr nearly "^IJMMI. Tln' r»;[inia!e i^ snbnnltefl with the itlea
••? -M-nilini: all of tin" sna;: 1hki1< in IfeH IJiver to work to;;<'th<'r nn«ler
"!i» iii:iii:i;^i-m4-nl in>»T as soon a-^ ilu' «*prin.u IIimmIs h«-iiin In snbside. Th<*
*i:.u l"»:iT^ to iif eniploycd i»n the w laek lH'a]»s ;in<l hea\ y <»l>strnetions,
.i:.«l rln' rliii]»pin.i; pai"lie> to clear the hanks. >o !h:it iill loose stntV ^hall
'.'•I iMiT on tin* tir^t ami sncriMMlIn;;" ri<es. This will iillow about «» weeks
H> 'Jiiioiith**" Work of tin- >na^ ho:it<, the Ii.ulit«'st draft l»oat bein;;' kejit
I«ih:!l»> NoiiM w Jiat hui.uer, ami th«' boat with the choppin*:" party con-
• ituiiiu on ilow nNtream «»n bank work and >nijill jjim^. About >«1.0(M>
^l.t'iiM be liclij ill n-serve to send a smi;: b<»at o\er tin' whole the Ibl-
Imuiii;; >«'ii<>i>ii to di>lofl«:e In'avy drift and pick n|» channel sna.us.
N«»t!iinL: was known in thisollin-jdMint thoTcxaikana and Fort Smith
l.*Mi!nniil llriilyfc. alieady nnntioned. until thr sna^z" bojit Iltnnll went
.il»«iM' FnlTon in .lannary. It up|M'ar>. hnwcx er, Tim I :i charl4*r had becMi
;:!.iiir«-i| by r4in;ire<> with the n<nal conditions, and flic bnildrrs a*-sert
''mT pl.Mi^ \\«"!"i'srnt to tin' Sccr»'t:iry <»! \\';ir bcfor*- rnnsliMn-t ion wjis
•:'.'!trr;iki-ii. N«) snrNrys oi- ]»!an> were >nl»iiiitt<-d to (jipiMin Tabi-r,
":• tIm- pruniotcrs ol' the raih'oad wroicto him iM'forc iln* cinnter w;is
.: .fiTrd. Jifier whii-li In- \\a> nn;ibh- to ^ri :iny infoiniMtion on iIm* Nnb-
. •• ". pr'»b:jMy bccausi* tin* ]»roi.-ci w;i< ;ii!;iiidiH!«-d for .-e\i-ial w';irs.
' ■■ jii..i:i: li.i\ iitu iM-rn nsjid*- t li;il tin- biJd.L:*' w -iiild o-i^iiurl n.i\i.i:;i
■ • . 1 :ii;l'ir ;in r\;iliii!i;ltiui! ojlii"- li \ «'i :i:ii( biidi;!- ;ll 1 he ]H!int of
■ -^ ■;::. ;Mni dni-cli-d tin- pi'i'^jflrnt of i!m- i"oni)»;iii;. lo prcp:jir :i map
' pl:llJ'*. wjiii-ll \\l\\{' hoi yr\ br'-ii -ilijMiii i«'d. i»\\ iiiLi lo rnlil i || n«'d
'' 'li- :it Tin' n]»p«i ii\«-i. It i> pjnnidlr iImm (h-il<'rt ijii: dike^ pliiced
; • 'JT h.dr .1 njile abo\ «• fin- lirid.ue \' ill di\<ii the rii:nni«-l nn<h*r lln-
'i . \ ""pMn. -^o ;i^ In _L;i\»' nM'»:>n;ibl\ -il'' pii-'-iiu'' for :ni\ bnjjt licit i":in
. :u.iTi' : hi^ p:iit of t !ir ii\ <■!■.
Mnfit ,/■ Sill 1 1 nil Iff.
' . :.* t)-"!.] u)ii i"C<il l.\ :;< 1 .liijii..- . 'I ^. ji;. .|'..- !•• I^'in : L'. Hi iM. ( n >
■. ■:• 1 • I • i \ ■ il 1l I'l,' >:il. Ill - : «-4 :■■> ' /.'■ # ■ '. . 1 . Tii'M. nil
:••. l^'.'l. :nii<iii 111 I'XjM imI.«! < I ii Im .•!-■■■,;. .-.t I
:. ^^-'i . I'.il.iii.i- iiinvj,! ii-i. It . . . ....
'' *'•» .-ni.l l.Ni«.
■ 1
. 1,
."»« " 1.
IM)
i«.
■JT.K
SJ
Jl'i ■'.
!>:
1.
t'T
'J'S>.
11
1".
1 H II 1.
IMI
1*
19«il KtrOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEKB8, U. S. i^
0»MMKi:c"IM. MAH^^IIC-*.
This part of Hod Kiver aviws iiavi^alilo in tUc past tis«-al yt^ar for jini
the lattiT jjart of August to the luiiMlo of April.
List of bfuitft vHffagtd in trade.
Xamo.
Class. : I ■ f = '^ ' *: I S ii"
Draft, '.i-
•s ' Between wki
IWt. Ft. Ft. n.iiiAFt.in.,
Fricudly St«r ii- w h i- c 1 W, 76 rJii. «• M. «'• ;{. ;! o 11 a 0 4 Fnlton und Li
I stoainlHXit .. ' • Ark.
r»elle CrtMik.H du 78. -ti !H.oi-J,0 :!.0 I 6 3 01*:'.... do
Doll Taylor ....Uo ; ' ' do
I ' ! i
*Fult4iii and Little liivor. towing timber; no further infonnatiou obtaiiu
Summary o/frci(jhtM carried durinff the year.
Cotton
Cotton »vvi\
Lumber
l^visiona
« train
Midcollanfous
Total
Estimatod value (iu round unmbers)
The river from tlie mouth of Kianiiolii, the upper limit of improveme
is paralleled by a braurh of the Texas and Pacitic Railroad from ToxarV
Tex., eouneetinij at the latter plare with the i:>t. Louis and San Frauei
whieh crosses Red River at Arthur. Ti-x., above the head of uavi^atio
arkana and Fort Smith Railway ^undrr construct ion ) cro.-isi's the river;;
north of Texarkana, and the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Ra
at Fulton.
V3.
IMPROVKMKNT OF OrAC'IIITA AND Hl.vrK RIVKRS. ARKAXSA:
ISIANA.
OniK'hitait!ii'IiMliiiiin;!iiirf«»rl)l:u-kiliivoi'hasitssourcoinPt
Ark.. ill tlu' Ouarliita -M«mntaiii.<!. and lbllowiiigaiiiiTO<rular<
in a jreiicral soutlu»asri*rly diri'i-tion thr(ni«:h Arkansa.'^ am
until jointed hv Tonsas and Littlo riv<M's at Triuitv, La.
innrtinii it is known as I»lark IviviT and tlows in a suiitherl
ontrriiijr Kod Kivt'i* about 40 niih*s abovo its nnuitlL Tlu» oi
of Ouarhira Uiv4»r is about .""KM) niilrs and Iihu'k l\iviT is 47
Kxaini nations wore made by tin* I'nittMl States iu 1871 ai
submitted for temi>orary iini>n>venu'nr. from Arkadelpliia to
bv tho rem«»val of sna^s and bv dnMl;;in;r at tlie worst bars,
mated eost of .'i'W.^tK) ,3.>l-:ii«», Report (.'liirf of Engineers. 15?
was e«>miuem'i*d the same year. In 1871-72 a survey fro
Ark., to Triinty, La., was madt*. the reiMiri oii wliieh reeouu
provement by forks and dams .:?1i7-«'574, l^^pint (^hief of Kngii
am} a eoutraet was made for tindx'r for Ibiindatious of tliret
;
/
Lx*
I9(vl KEPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF KNGINEERS, V. S. AKMV.
0>.MMKi:ri VI, >i.\ iiMH'*.
This part ot'Kod Kivor Avikj uaviirahlo in tin- ]»ast lisral v«'ar I'or small liiKits i
tlu' latttT part of Aii^^iisC lo tb** iitiihlK- of April.
Xamc.
Livt vj hnttx (Htjdfjitl in tnide.
I Dm ft. r
II.!
I
Cliisd. =f -z =-■•.? -r l^'twtM»u w-Jiat places.
\ 'I , 5i ^ i. 'H 5 ^' I
f,W. iV. /v. Ft.iu.'.Ff.in.
Frieudly Stoni-whiol 06.76 li?«». n 2H. u j.:: on;} 04 Knlton ami Lanosintrt.
stoainlkoat .. Ark.
Itolle Crooks <l<i 78.4.S tu. •» '.-_'. 0 ;:.u 1 03 01s....ilii
DcllTavlor ....ilo ' «io
*Fii1t4>ii antl Littlo Kivrr. towiii<: timber; no fiirtlK-r intunuatiou t>litaiuable.
Summary of fnifihtx carrivtl dunnij the year.
Cottfvn
Cotton 8ced
Liixubf r
IVovisions
Grain
MiaccllaneouB
Total
Eatimated value (in ruiind numbera) $X
i
TTie river from tlio mouth of Kiaiiiifhi. tlio up]»er limit of improvtMiiont. to Fu
is paralleled hy a branch of the Texas and ru<'itic* Railroad from Texarknua to Pi
Tex., oonnei'tiliff at the latter ]>lace with the 5>t. Louis and San Kranrisoo Railr
which crosses Red River at Arthur, Tex., above the hratl of iiavij^ratiou. Tlie '
arkana ami Fort Smith Railway (undtT tonstructi<»n) cro."»ses the rivor about 10 n
north of Tcxarkana, and the St. Louis, Iron Mountaiu and Southern Hallway cro
at Fulton.
V3.
IMPROVEMENT OF OUACHITA AND HL.VOK RIVERS. ARKANSAS AND L
JSIANA.
()u;uliita(theIiKliaiinaMh'forhhuk)Kiverhasit.ssoiiiveiiiPolkConi
Ark., in tlu* Oiiacliita Moiiiitaiii.*5, and fidlowiiigaii inv^xular course ti<
in a ;^oncial souTheastorly dirtM'tion tliiou^h Arkansas and Ijouisi;
until jiuut^d by Tensas an<l Little rivers at Trinity, La. l^elow t
jniu'ti4»n it is known as l>laek River and flows in a southerly direct!
ent4Min;r Ked liiver about 40 miles above its mouth. The entire leu
o\' Ouarhita lvivi*r is about r>(M> mih»s and Blaek Kivrr is 47 miles ki
Examination.* were made by tlie United States in 1871 and a pny
submitted for Temporary improvement, from Arkadelphia to the mm;
bv th<» removal of sna«rs and bv dred^injr at the worst bar.s. at an e
m'attnl eost of jitKS.^iHJ (3;^4-:; Uk Keport Chit^f i»f Engineers. 1871). W
was commeueed the same year. In 1871- 7U a survey from Gamd
Ark., to Trinity, I^a., was mad<\ the rejMirt on wliieh reeommended
provoment by loeks and dams (;?!»7-;^74. Tieport Chief ot* Engineers, 18*
an(l a contraet was made for tindier for f<iundations of three locks.
Tlu- r]n»p\)iii^ l';i::> \sli:rh "..; •! "■•■» :: • i.j.l-.ivt-il nu ihi- rive'
tU'ii. Aik., :i»« ".:»••: rliai vi-.u-*- >"..v. :..' :i t. .n.i] Novi'iijlti-i' ;
wnrko!i ilu- ' ivri" :u-lfv>. i ^.m-.. .■;:•.!. ^ ^■>.•l^■ 4-.'r. ii-il iii.wii'*fi
piTt. Ark., 'SV} iiAlf^ \u\,\v \ .::i..':i-:.. \\:;ii»- tI.m y wt-ii* «.nsj
:irv I 1>V hicil ^^'a!'-!. Tf ■':•• 's;.:'* : i»a.T «"1 Mav Th*- livr
ihal Cuw*- Uiv « ln'i'-'i'.-i. vl/.tv v..i> :i-,.:^.ri.! •••1. ;n:»l :»T Th
raituliii. Tin- vviiik «'! "";:> v. .' . • ■ :.^>:».-»'. ••i" vntri: - all
tiniln-r 4»ii ihv |m':ii> ,r..*\ ::• i:.* '•• .. > .:.'•• ••":."i: It'iL^r-.-*. ^
fa\»>iaii. 0]t r;:Vi« ::S ^^'. > • -■•l;- ■.••': :'.«i»-. :!..- >",]»••: \i>
SrtM" fli'lih T. IV/.ikv ■>-. ^^•.•• :• .• -T^ '..' :.*!1'V i:.^ ^^|•:k «l'»l
Sn.t::s n '...."■ » ■-': :":■ ::". • ':...". ■ "
SKovi- >v..'.^'i ". i'... •"» t
1.0..!^::;^ :u.>: ■^^ '• ....
I r«-i •< c ■'■ ' • -i ■■
1 .»'^> t'l ^ r./x-i i' ■.' ■.■.: . .
■ rhr >!l.ii, "!"Mt /: -: " . '^'l. "!•. 1 . •". ■:. ;..'•••:. *^..> -t :;■ r
port ili>\\ ;.>:■. I av.i :•' T:.' :.. ".:..■: K ". ':!..'. ■": - •-. .'v 'i«..:"
.luiU' I- c':.:r:rii l^'.;ixx K\'.. !•". . •; ::..-■. ;.:•! 'i.r >«
OiMihii.i >\r".i' :**-^ \:.^\: :;: .. ".'...•. '.^.«'- > • -^k. :.:A a> r]
u\\\'.'Ai: \.\\'\d\\ :'\\K ''.■'.-,■.: V'' '' '••^v'^' • •"■' *^ - -' -^ 1
n-ai 1". '.':'. u 1^'v k l^■^^. ■•.>: ./*- Nr -.. . ■'.:■.. : l»"A:'.'«':.:.r .;
al»o\r ^l.*::; .'V, -^ '.;•.. 1 i", '.':.!".« "*v.> ' .: - • ' • : v^:.:-: ••:it::
\h\o\ u'lv'-.:*.; :!..':: ■: •«\".'. I " < v/>. :- " ■ ^ :..-.:";. t-: ■.:•.. •*:ii-
nii: i!Vi*. . l: ^ ■••■..'. v».'-. xi .". "'.•.'. k : » . '.". "; . :. -"'• ::.:!»•* '••
l»ni iMj il.r i 7:' ^^: '^\\\.'. .1 '. .^: <' ' ..: I "".r ^» -^t :•;;:.•":••' *■
n)i to I TU:*.< ..■••%« O. ...«"...:.. < .'..'_'•■.*■ . "• > .."'• vr :::t : ...
All iho ^:m^> ' .. >.,'.■: ^ : \. • , •. •. . ; .,-. ". -": . ^-^,•':. o:i..::i
i« ino\ K\:: ^^^■< :■ I >^:;:. ■ <'. i .. .. r : :".■- :.l:l:^?.t«i '••
iiM' \\a»* I ji.r.i.i ••: .. «•:.. .'. ^.. x ." . ^ . <»■. . ^>. .v..: :..".::•».
ti'llow !^-: :^ .; N ;:.;:. ..\\ . ; - ■ : \ ■ " ■ .:--l .
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^■- ''" ■.■•■.'• ^ ^ •. ■• .1 ". :.. V v.;-
1 i«i- i.i'Ti . \ » . ,-. . •. I . V •.:":• -'k .'".k
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!•■'■■.;.'.., V s ^ '■ ■ ... ■
l!^()«I KKPoKT or TiiK ciiiKr or kn(;ixi:i:r.s, v Sf. ARttV.
The <!lu»j>[)iii^ paitv which h:ul hwu i-m]>loy<Ml cm lli4* vivev libo'
(leu. Ark., n*:uljtMl that jihuM* yf»vriiilirr I. ami Xovi-tnbor ."i <»oiii
work oil the i iv<'r brlow. (>prrations wnv rarih'il (iDwnsrrram
jKirt, Ark., -.'Vl iuih\s below Canulcii. where They were .sus]HMide
ary 1 by high water. To tho latter part nl' May tlu* river wai
liijrh a sia>;4* for Avork, but by Jhih* J it luul lalleu siini4'ieiitly,
that dat4^ the elioiniin;^: jiarry was ivor^Miii/eil. and at the em
year o]»eratiinis hail proirn'sseil down to Millers JihitV. .'»2 mile
Caiialeii. The work of this junty eoiisisteil of euttlii^ir all overl
timber on the ]K>iiits and in the lu'mts intt» shi»rt len^^ths. «rird1i]i
and removing snags as tar as ]iraerieable with explosives an
eai^stan. ()peratious were eonduf-ted nndei- the sn]M'rvisioii o
seor .bdiii T. Burketti', who r<* ports the following work ilone:
Suajjs rt'iiu^vt'd tVcin rhanurl
t>lion' sna^rs roiunvrtl
Loaiiiii!; t ro*s iviiinvril
Tn»i's ^jinlK'il
l.n^s *.ui l»ank^ rut up
S^iuan* vanl;i wiUuws aiul lniisli t.nx
Linoal iWi In iish <lauis biiili
• The snag boat IToirtlL M. !>. Lydon master, was sent from I
port downstream to the month of IJed IJiver the early part of .In
June 1- entered IMaek Iviver. lllark IJiver and the lower
()aa<*hila were t(»o high for advantageous work, and as the wa"
falling ra]»idly the lM>at ])roei*edeil upstream as far as ])ossib
reaching l{i»ek Kow, just alu)vethr month of D'Arbonne and li
above Monroe, June 1."), then' was but .» leet of water on the bar
pilot reported that it wonld be unsale to go tart her ii]»stream oi
ing river. The boat workeil back to Columbia. .V.> mih's 1h»1ow !
bnton tlnM7lh of June a rises<'t in and the lK>at rouncleil to and
np to I nnh' above* Oua<*hita City. 1*01^ mih*s above the nnmth o
liiver. fhme Ut the lintccll started bai-k downstream ami at tin
the tisi»al year had worketldown to Log Town, -."{j miles b4dow ]
All the snags in sight were K'nmved and the sweep chain was i
removinir hidden t»b>tiin'tions. Tin* draw of the railroad briflyft*
ri»e was cleared of a small sunken bargt", snags, and railroa<l ire
folh»wing is a summary <»f the work ri']M»rte<l:
Siiajis imlli'il
stuiup"* jiuniMi
Slmrr >ii:ii;< i-u!
J.raiiiii;; trif*. riii . ,
"Wp'rk rinn»\ itl . >.in:ill liam- ■
Work witli tlie //#»/'"/// will be eonlinne<] down to the month «i
lJi\*'r. ami tin- rhi»pi»itii; party in tin- ni«]H'r ]»art of the ri\fr w
tinne «»pir:!'inn< ili)\\ u-ilriaiii a^ hm^ a<tlieycan l»e pur>.ihd t«»
tage. ami ii i*- Relieved tliat it will In- able to reaih ilie ArUaii:
Li»uisiana line, or po»ibly Monroe, before hiuh water sil> in.
As the snag iMiat W'tniiKr i> «»!' li;L;ht ilralt and lias >ntiieien
for all lull tlie heaviest ^\ork it is detacheil and used in other :
oeeasionalh . Wheti the Onaehila is at suitable sijjn4. [\ \\{\\ he
the npjier i ivei a> far as Camilen to >u]«plemeni tin* wurk of tli
]»ing ]»arty now mo\inu ilownstream fioni the head of na\ iitatin
The >nag bnat linnhr has been ii>ed in niia«-hita anil in the
vies, and aNo in Ked itiver ami I'o*^ lilaek. The bnat ha> h;
liai'<l >er\ iei* and is now lai<l up at ^'iek^bnrg. the lodl haNJng
too si»ft to ealk. A Si then- ar»* no faeilitios fiu* n-pairin;: b».atv
.*HM» miles, and as ir is impussibh" to estimate the ro>t of repairin
APIT.XDJX V--REl>ORt OF CAPJAIN W1LL.AUD. 11)67
n boat Until put on the dockw, it is reroiiiiiieiidcd as most ecoiioiuieai
that a new hull Im built, and tlie boih^rs, shaft, enjLrines, and niaehinery^
Vvliich are all ji'ood and worth at least *.'L.')(M). be transfeiTed and the old
linll stri])i)iMlaiid, iribuiKl worth it, slieathed and ns«Mi as a workinj>: ujid
ijuarter boat tor a ehoj)|)in^ ]»aity. Tlie estiniat<' for a tranie-built hull,
Mith seow bow and stern, 1 b'» to IJO le(»t lonj;: by liO feet beam and 4
leet hold, to draw abont l^inrhes, is ><i*,S(M), and for transfiirrin^ ma-
chinerv, boilers. 4't<*., >i*7tM>, whirh ]naefieally wonhl <::ive a new li^^lit-
liraft sna<»' boat of pM»d pnwei*, that could be used at the lowest stages
in almost any of the streams in this district and be g<Mid for at least 0
\ears' work with ordinary i4M)air.
CATAllorLA SHOALS.
T ni;i(iea personal examination (»!' Catalionhi Shoals in January, 1800,
and leconnnended a careful snrv(\v of the n^aeh during h)W water. The
project was a|)i)roved and the snrvey madi^ in August foHowing by As-
sistant Kngincer H. M. ^rarshall. The ma])s submitted are in three
sheets on suitable scale, the first showing the topography of the whole
reach, the seivaid the shoals an<l r<Mnains of fornuT work put in by the
Stat(\ and the tliird the se<'tions at the sounding lines. Elevations are
reduced to the ( 'airo datum through tiu^ bi'Uch of the Delta surv^ey of
185S, wliieli was found at Harrisonburg, La. The levels of 1871 and
1874 on Ouachita River gave the apjnoximate height of early fl(Muls,
l>ut none of tlie ])oints of the snrv(\v on which the late work at the
shoals was ])lanued could be recov<'r<»d.
Tlu» maps show that the com])hunts against the work were not un-
foundeil, bat tlie reniedy tlmt the steamboat men suggest would be less
defensilde than theorgiujil work. It nnist be rememhtMiMl that the later
work was j)lanned with a limited appropri}iti<ui to utilize as mucli as
]»ossibIe of the old State dam.
The opinion that the grav^'l bars l)elow the head come frmn thecreeks
just above was bas<Hi upon unsntisfactory inJbrmation, or to hv more
accurate, ha<l no f<aindation in fact, the stone in the ereeks being of
(piite ditl'erent material from that on the shoals.
In oi'der to bi'ueJit, mn igation as much as possihh* with the* least ex-
penditure, and at the same time not to ])ut in any construction that
Would not a<lapt itself to a w<'ll cousidered i)lan for the jiennanent im-
provement of the river. I rec()nim(Mid that the rock b(^ blastetl an<l
diedged from the point on the left bank above the shoals, when* th(5
current naturally t<'mls t»» swing downstream boats, and that a cut 1m^
niade on the east side of the pr^'sent channel through the shoals and the
:»Iil State work, closing the jowei- tMid of the wing dam from the right
l>:ink and ])ossibly easing otV the point of the hitter, if it should seem
hivisable, Ix'fore linishing the work. Part of the material should Ix*
b'}»osited in the bend above, the heavier being used to form a dik(% aiul
tilt* rest dep<Ksited ah)ng the ri;nht bank.
Atpresent the crossing is exi-eedingly dillicult and grows worse instead
jf mending as was hoi>ed, n(»t withstanding a rise and fall of over J(»
iiM»tres (50 feet) which it would be natural to expect to se<mr the bottom
lown to tlu* bed-rock. The Avoik can b<' <h*n<* by contra<'t, but proba-
bly not so ecou«mii<*allv or well as bv hired labor and the use of the
Iredge now in seivice. Two dump scows would be needed, ami a light-
Iraft towboat. If the /looker shoidd i)e rebuilt it woidd be just suited
ix^) the work. It is not thought that expensive niaeliinery would Ixi
i<!tMl(»d t^> drill the i*<>ck for Idasting, but that hand drilling woviUlb^
i
.:^-
19(J8 KErOKT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, V. S. ARMY.
sufficient, but a steain-drill could be set on the jxunwale of the
or ttiwboat at small (M>st.
The survey haviujjfUeru made in the nu*tric system flKMiUcUitil
*riven in cubic metres (l.;i cubic vanish.
The estimates tor the work are as tbUows:
Two (liiiiii) si-ows
Towing ]il:int to (.'MialumlM Slu»;iN :nul ninni
lU!i>»iiiijx ami <lit'tlgiiitr -^"'J'*'!^ <ii1iir mi'tri> rork. >:iim1. ami 1x1:1 vrl
Traiuiuy: waU ami «lani
lnsiu'iti<ni
It maybe nMiiarkeil that certain i)arts of the estimate w«uild i
unclianjicil for either a h*ss or a ;:i'cat**r anu^nnt nl" drcilj;:iiij;', an
witli (»m*-hall' tlu» a]>])rnpriation tmly about one fourth of the bl
antl dredjrin«r ciaild bi* dour.
The body of Assistant Kii.uincer Marshall's report is jiivcn bcl
details of the survey antl of the amount of worlr dcsirabk*:
I havf thf honor to i»]iori ihat with A>si>iants Hillclcr ami IJink I ]iroi'»
Rivcitun. La., hy rail. an«l tlu-nrr ilnwn < Ouachita Kivt-r on ]»oar«l I'nititl stai
boat Citloiirl Ifnnkcr, on whirhtln' |»aviv was iinarimHl clnrin«i tin* snrM'\ .
lK*;;:an Aujrnst I,") ami rnilrcl An;jn>.t L'i^. antl ron«»istt*d ol' transit antl stadia sii
bt»tli hanks, shon- lino, antl ail.jaroni toiu»;;rai»hy. with t'h'vaiii»n> hasnl nn :i
<*lioi:k«'il Y-h-vi«l> lVt»ni till' ih'lta Sni\ rv ln-nrh <»n watrr tahh*. novthi'asr
of j>arish rhrk".- i»tiior at llavrisonliun;. La., tlu* i«h*vation of' whit h is now 1
to L'aii'iMlaiiini: a!si»sonndinu:«4 »»n I'o irosssrrtions with i-hann*-! soumliniis 1m
From thi'M- data tin* arrompanvim: map on a M-ah* of 1:1(J.«KH>. with ]in»l
t*ross-s«Mti<»ns havinsr \i'iti<al stah I: 1.Mh> wrie impan-d in tUv otliio to >lui
and h>w watrr slopi> and aiva-*, hank lint-*, ilrvaiions. and I'onliirnration. fro
ris<»nhnrj; up tin.' rivt-r "..■> kihinictivs. This t-ovrrs both t'atahonla Sln)als an«!
Lonis l»ar. Vtdority was nii>asnnMl at two scitions t>n tlu' shoals \> lu-ri' tlu*
<Toss st'ftion was h-ast and thr Vfloriiv :;ri'att"<t. A snrfarr tloat was atta<-l
line I'ord SO uu-tivs lon:j anil linu* taktii li> a wati-li. Thr tloat wasrnn at livt
on fa»h »4i'ction. and tin* inian vi'lority at i-arh ]M»int takm as JKiiUJ.'S tinn's t
fat"'' vohu-ity. riu* di>« harirt* was tlnn rah-nlatrd for tsuli fh-nirnt of tin* ^
tlu* ]M»int of t-arli vrhnity htini; takrn as tin* middh^ of an ulrnji-nr. ami tho
tlu: oh'nu'ntary disrhar«;i's takm as tin* total ilixrhar^rr. Oiw sntion ;;avc n^i
the otln-r lll.t^T »'nhir nn-m-s ]u'v .M-ronil. 'I'ln' ri\tr was ahont l nutrr ah
tronu* low watrr. and to arrivi- at tlu' ilix-hais,'" :»t thai ptiiod I liaM* snpju*
nroa t»f t-voss sft-rion alonr diinini*^hcd. thr vrhniiv rt'mainin«; tin* samr hv ri-
tlu- inrri'asf in sh»]M* ;is iln- vi\«'r dt-i lini"». It is a fail that tlu* fall i»; rom-i-i
at tlu' shoals dnri'ij; low wat'T. This wnnhl iii\f a <li-rhari:o of i'^Wi iiihir
]M'r siM-ontl with a rros«i s«^iiion of so s«|ua!r niftvfs. Tin' nn-an raiioof sin,
the 7.5 kilonn-ti'i". was (».«MiJI : ov^r tin* -^liiKiK ]mo])i r. (».<mh»;1.''»I): ovtr Hayon
Uar. <».0(.HUr)t;. ami thronuh tin- prt-sint ilain at thr shoals. 0.t)<^C»s|. nr^idrs 1
m'<rs'!ary ronri-ntration of >l(ip** and iimst'unrnt inoriMsr of fnrrrnt thron
i)n's«*nt dam, thr rhannrl is uiadr to mni short ac ross ihr rivrr. A short n
lu ;X«'ts shoal wat» r. naturr's ronntirpois in stri-p slopr. is always t«i hr a\»
jMKsiMf. and is iiuly rr]irrlM'nsiIdi' in thi«* instanri*. In addition, tlii* low
t-hannrl hrinir athwart tin* hiuli Mat'-r. it lii-.-nmrs rlndiril at rarh risr an«l n
wasln-d oin am-w a«» thr waii-r falK. Sunn- Ntr.ijnhoatnirn. rrali/ini; »»nly thr
i-ni rvil inriih-ni to thr ]»as««ai:i' of ilu- >hiial< ;u low waii-r. an«l aiirihutini: t
niation of ihr liars ti> lln- f nijionr of m:i\ rl tVimi I'di; and Liulr L rrrks. li:i
]ir< s>rd a di--»iri- I'nr 1 hr 'lii-inLj ••!" t hr pir<rnt rlcinnrl aiid ojirnin;.; a rhannrl tl
thr w inii <hnn ^\ hi' h rMi mU from 1 In- riiiht hank, and whirh was hnilt hv tho
Stalr> in 1>**'*. thii- ii-^'o!iii.j thi* i-omliiinns whirh tditainrtl suhsiMpn-nt to tl
strmiiiin of iln- Stistr ilini. Thi-i wnijld rrt|nirr thr rrnn»val of I.tlOmhir
nf Inuxi- rork and tiiMXi-l. mthI dnnipuju ii in thr prr<«-nt rhannrl at an i-stimat«
iif .<»i)'.i. ]dns ihr .-osi of toMini: a ilicjinr lioat to thr shonls and hark, 'flu-v 1
a-^k that thr nnnith"* of Ilii; anil I.iitlr tiiiks hr »losrd hy stonr <lams. to dn
wonid nrrd. IM.'HU luhir nirtn-"* of sTi»nr. it' thr «l;niis -^honhl hi- ',\ nn-Ufs with*
w ith siopr*. iif 1 on •_'. ami tin- io]i :i'» hi-;;!! a^ tin- jor-i-nt b.ink**. t hi* rn-it hrini;
As -^tatiil. th«- lir-i laopusit idii i«« onl> in vi-nirn t«i trird. londirinn-*, whirh I a
hy rancliil «»trainhnatnu-n ni-ir .mytliinu hnt s:iii>lartory.
Thr Statr dam diil. ami would a^ain. siiriply fitrrr tin* riossin»: lowi»r dow
liver iirairr l^iMMi Loiii^ liar, shinlim; that har tu 1.1 iiutics. whrro thoro :
.1*.
UUk.
:'
wmiimfcyA.mai4ca
I, ^va^t
I
.1
I
*
1970 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
The agreement of the raih^oad levels at Little Bock and F
those of the Coast Survey aiid Engineer Department warra
lief that the heights at Arkadelphia may be accepted. The h
shows at once that no money should be wasted on permanen
ment above Camden; that Camden is the natural head of na'
ordinary stages, and the river above almost a mountain
might be supposed from the oscillations at Camden, where t!
times rises as much as 15 feet in a night.
The great range in the lower river is due largely to ovei
Mississippi llivor through Bayou Bartholomew, Boeuf Riv
Lafourche, and Tensas and Magon, but as the main levees an
and consolidated the supply fix)m that source will be cut o
flood heights greatly diminished.
Fortunately for the interests of navigation and for the saf<
l)ermaneut works that might be adopted, Ouachita River is
tively free from dritl, in marked contrast to Red River, whic
through Black River; and in the lower reaches the banks ar
stable than in most of the streams in this district, and their
pmbably would make it stife to repair old levees and build nc
large expenditures for revetment. The map and hydrograj
amended as additional information is obtained, and to hi
work it is recommended that additional gauges be establ
the most im])ortant points connected with the Cairo datum.
Ouachita City, CoUimbia, IIan*isonburg, and Trinity can be
by comparatively short lines, but the first and the last two a
imnu^diate value than the others and should have precedence
It is also recofiimended that a reconnoissance be made in
river to determine the condition of the old levees and the \
would require to restore them in connection with the parish lev
This would be doiie if the survey should be authorized, and is
enough to warrant an expenditure of $5,000 in case the surv
be postponed. With regard to the latter, I can not do bett<^r t
from my report of 1890, as no action was taken on the subject
session of Congress :
In answer to your indorsement of December 9, on letter from Hon. Chai
uer to the Secretary of War, askin<; for estimate of cost of sarvey of Ona
to Camden, Ark., with a view to securing permanent navigation by mea
I have the honor to submit the following :
A number of surveys, examinations, and reports have been ma<le upon
of permanent improvement of Ouachita River, the last by me under date c
12, 1889, giving a brief summary of plans, estimates, etc., which is publi
pendix W 22, Keport of the Chief of Engineers, 1889.
The survey of 1871, upon which the first estimates were made, was eoii
a Board appointed by Colonel Simpson, and so many errors were found up
ing the maps and notes with the survey of 1873 a's to render it valueles
reconnoissance.
The report of the Board, with a review of the same, was forwarded to 1
Kngincers by Colon*'] Simpson in his letter of March 11, 1873. The sul
cussed again by Major Benyaurd in his report on the resurvey of 1873 (Re
Chief of Kngincers. 1874, Part I. page 352). The survey of 1873 is not c
and doubtless can be used to a certain extent, but how far I can not est
was made under conditions that do not now exist. I presume the origin
]dans are on lile in tin* Engineer nejiartment, but the field notes and cc
ma]is. with a limited amount of to]>ogra]»hy. are at hand, Jind from such
have brcn able to give them, in the brief time that I could spare, I shonl
as tbev will be over 17 vears old bv the time tield work could be roeuim
new survt'v be ordered, tlwir value for ])urposes of I'stimate must be limi
Tin* reasons for this o]union are based upon the faets that Ouachita R
an alluvial stream, has undoubtedly undergone considerable ehnm|^ sine
espeeially that all the eastern tributaries are now, or soon will be, dep
great part uf their «<upply by the dvi?ing of the <fVxkansas ftnd Looisuu
leroes Il]o^gTt^tlSIU Front, nnii will Im liniited herpftftor Uj drainlni; their n
Thd ttntnout of moan^ s|>ant by Uio ttniUd Stutnn in cambtituticm witli the Statrar]
: md parfKlicw, Dorjiurationa, and prirutu partius in tliu conatriiciiun of nuir loTma ^
. __.__.._.*_.!!.____...__.. — rrauttUu bell " "
le of leveei,
:iinst of the vftlloy oil ■ ' -i I iiTS foriDOriy iiTorflownd, siidl
' xt'tliiR will be r»i!l;iiiiH'<i "[ Tonsas Kront, it will be imr-«
,,',,,:.. .'. kiiijwtho nmoiuit l.liiU h...: I by bni'.kwntnr dno to drunn on J
i.hi.ii li.:.;, l.u settle questiona ol' Liml 'l.ii^t.i^^.., 1:1.1., and tblH wonld nocoBsitafa)-]
Tu« llrat thiUK i" "rder should Iin prei^iso leveling on Orint'btta tram Arkodnlpluftil
I or Cnmdeu to lieil River, and a fpw triul Hues iroin the miLin rivyt to the tribu- ^
' Wi'^ to oacertnin the probable lengths ol' the latter thnt woold raiiuiro the si
ar iiunrly ef|iml grude ot siu'voy, I say tbe aame or nearly oauiil griido, becaiuui U
OU'ii-liitn is to be conulixed it is hardly to bo donbted that tlis daiOD oonld beso-J
plni'od lis to give no iucouside ruble BUuikwiter navigation to tbn Irihutaries ni
Ha^ll^ time; whito on ths other hiiud thp tribnt»riea luuHt play an iniiioitaiU TQIo in J
limiting the heights of ilaius aurl li Its of locks, and hence in deciding npon the noul-
Lcr nniT position of them in Ibe niiiin river.
AsBUtnmg for exumple tbiit both 1muks of Ouschita are high enongh In allow %
lock of 8 to 13 feet lift below Btunf River, a slnckwiiter depth of about 4 feet might J
bo abtnined for a distance of 40 to 60 miles on Ouachitu and Bccnf Rivers ut tbe.1
Bnmo time, but onlyi perhaps, by flooding a greater or less .'unoiint of lund botwoen ^
the two HtToams. Now, the only iiifomiiiition I have In regard to the lands betiveeii'i]
Oiionhitu a^d Bayoa Btenf that 1 cun offer as fact is, that on the linu of the Viults- f
Bayou fimiif, and the map Indicates that in the neisbborbood of Columbia thflj
draiDage it! indilTurent towards Ouachita or Breiif, anil may Bow iVom one to tl
othnr a^ieoriUug to variations in respective atagcg.
1 think enough has been said to slww the necessity of »n exhaustive survey nf th
wholo valley. The information abouid be so complete as to leavonotliingtoohancii,]
aiul thertfiiio the survey should cover precise levels along both bunks and lte<|uemr^
traiisvalloy sections; high and low water slopes, discharge and sudbuent obaervn^'^
tions; topography, taking iu the valley for u mile on each side, ormore, if necessary, J
and oonnci'ting with the principal tribntari«B at intervals; hydrography; seottoiU'l
aiirl Iniii'iiii'linai souuduigs; secondary triuugulation ; special examinations andjl
1 ii i>ii.>ljablesites for locks; peiuanentbeaah-marks and monuments ; |irojBC-]
..;.-; tamputotion, ofSee work, oto, 1
■ .t™ for locks and dams heretofore subiuitted vary from, say, two to six 1
■('■lliirs, and in mv opinion the latter is none too smiUl lor a systtim of J
iii-i between Camden and Blaok Hiver, considering the nature of thef
l>itibably t« be oncoiinterod.
1 fall at Camdeii is 39.25 feet; at Monroe, 46 feet; at Bronf River.
.ii Trinity 53.4 feet, so that it is clear that whatHvorsvstem were clioaon,_l
t. [i. i)i. I I .< il or movable dams, looks of high or low lift, none but tho most sub-'a
sliiutiiil worii would be admiasablo, as uomplete submergence of the locks and'O
niBneuvuring engines, boilers, etc., would have t^j bo provided tut at onv stage over,. J
Bar, 20 fool above low watnr. The great variation in rise and fill, as stated, l
ihouKb mirier the changed ofinditiona it may be much less in the future, warrants 1
ihc l.i'Hi'l' that both revetments and lovees may be requited to prevent flanking ths-l
.' kn, adisiisterthiit wouldnot bo local, and to lie rcnicdiwl by the PX^f
-I bimdreU thousand dollars or so, but one that would menu the deatruo-J
si.;m or the intermptiou of navigation for years and the oxnejiditnrol
: . 1I-.I sum for its restoration. Sii: millions of dollars would not liu an es-» '
,,,,..„.. niim to pay for a pemuinent nuvigiilion of Ouachita River that wouldaUo'^
Kivu Iruui iU to 100 miles on each of iU large ttibHtuHes, sfty obout 1,000 miles in all,
gtvilig ail average of $li,ODO the mile. But whether ttio ultimate cost should be
fouuu tit be gj'iiHtnr iir less thu.li the ostimatos heretofore subiuittud, true ei^onuuiy
Is a most thorough and oxhaustive survey, always a very expensive iiiider-
funcll of tbo country to bo gone «vur ia uusottled, it would rofiuire that lUoJ
1972 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ASMJ,
parties should bo maintained in the field, in camp, or on qnarter boats for
sons, or longer if operations should be int-erruptea by high water or siokiu
pay in the tield and office, as only the best men should be employed, and e
instruments suited to the grade of work demanded.
It is very difficult to make an estimate, because it can not be determined h
work will be needed on the tributaries until they have been examined,
much of the survey of 1873 can be used until it has been reviewed both in '
and in the field.
First-class work can be done for about the following rates per mile : S(
triangulation, $125, if the country is reasonably open, so that high stations
cutting will not be required; topography, hydrography, and precise levels f
river, il50; precise levels and transit lines across country, $50; discharge f
ment obaervations,according to the number of stations and time allotted. T
very uncertain, on account of interruptions and delays by floods and nnfavor
ditions.
Ouachita and tributaries are subject to sudden and considerable floods, th
highest water occurs generally in March and November, so that it is probi
field work could be carried on for about 9 months in the year. On this b
making allowances for interruption from sickness and bad weather, I estin
the survey could be completed and the notes and estimates prepared in abou
and a half, and at a cost of $150,000, or about 2^ per cent, of the estimated a
improvement.
The amount estimated for the fiscal year 1892 can bo exi>ended to advs
commerce and navigation in continuing operations under the present prq
addition to the work of snag boats I recommend the systematic clearing of i
for some distance back. This is especially necessary in the bends and narrc
tions of the river for the immediate benefit of navigation, but should be o
throughout the whole stream to prevent the formation of obstructions. I
should be tried also at the most obstinate shoals, and the construction of ine
wing dams, built chiefly with the material cut from the buiks.
DETAILED ESTIMATES.
For the snag boat service
For plant and work at Catahoula Shoals
Rebuilding snag boat Hooker
Expenses o€ chopping parties
Repairs and outfit
Dredging in Black River
Gauges, leveling, and reconnoissance
Assistant engineers and draftsmen
Survey of Ouachita River
Office expenses, stationery, mileage, and contingencies
Total
The lower part of Ouachita Eiver, known as Black River, ^
the interpretation of Ouachita, is formed at Trinity by Ouachita
Ha-Ha, Tensas River, and Little River. I made a reconnoissai
map of Black River in January, 18iH), and found it to be about 4
long, tortuous, and obstructe<l by shoals, which had as little as 1(
over them in extreme low, while in great floods the depth excec
feet. Little River is a stream formed by Bayou Castor and
mona River, and roaches Ouachita through Catahoula Prairie
becomes a lake in liigh water. The portion between Catahoal:
and Trinity, some 25 miles, has been improved by the expend!
$2,500, appropriated by the act of August 11, 1888. The effect
work was to s^timulatc tra<h\ and the commercial statistics show
large increase over thost* given in former reports. As the appro]
of 1888 was made to <M)mph4o the work in acconlance with the ]
no further estimate was submitto*!, and the stream w:\s droppc
the list of riv<'rs in this district. It is referred to now on account
amount of business contributed to Ouachita River. The same j
could be si»eut on this stream with great advantage.
BIX T — BBFOST OP.CAPTAIH WILWBD.
.V(»)i#y sfntmirnt.
July 1, 1890^ btJaoco nnusppiiii.'.l _ 17, 17-1,89
Anoani OProiuUiod t>y act approved Sepb'mlmt Ifl, 1890 -. J5,(HiO,00
22. 171. 89
JuiHiSD, Uai, amoont exjtended during fiHCal year _ 9,398.3*
Jnlj I, 1S81, Ifalanoe imexpciidcil 13,7T&[i5
July 1, 1*91, onutanding fialiilitlM 241.67
Jnlj I.iaei, Ulanecorailnble 12,5.11.88
t inu>ntiltbBtcaiib<ipTofit4i1>IyexpetidediiiSscit]yniirciiiliiig3un(!30, l^SS 210^000.00
I Submitted in Fomnliiuioe with reqiiireineiits of sections 2 wf rivpr nud
< hatbor »cu of 1866 anil 186T.
In th« iMtst fiscal year the rirnr woa nurigable to Cnmd^n trom the middle nf N'o-
TDinbrr until the middle nf Muy. The lower part nf OiiarhitA nud Itlaik River was
luvl^ablo the ontire year, bouts )(DDc-nilly ruDuine to llotiroe, but at very low stages
Uoliunbia wail the headof iiavi|;iitio» for NeiT Orleans bnata.
tlie foUowinf; lUt shows thi' steamboats engiiged iu bnsjness on the Ouochitti and
tribntoriea dnrtuK the year;
1974 BBPOBT OP TUB CHI£P OV KKGINERBS, U. B. AfiUT.
c.„.
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Addle
12.54
3.00
js' M d S In- ■
.
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a 2
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1 ^,«j^n^ p^ ^ _, 1
l>niiri<- Landing.
CaDBKtiiie bMt for
D s
1 4
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2.1
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CunnrclidB Wt for '
xgMSIiCm.',
H. If. ToWMMld't
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Connw^ing at BBxi- L
«i™-wb«.l DT.« H.7~,
A7
8t«amWt.
ina-
The traffic by river reported wne ns fo11o\r3:
CottoD mH
Hld« and akina
Lumber
L^:::;:::::;::::::;:::::::::::
MiiiMUaB«iuii".".v'."M; !;;.;!;.";
TeIaldowiifr.'i;:lit
Kelnnifn.'iglil--
Total freight
Eitiinated value, In m^od niimlK-i
IS.3»a ; 7,W
muoo se'.m
Hi,oDO tia,2u,3sa; kth,
The eompeting routes of transport sit ion nte as follows; Ouaebitn River is croat
bv the St. Louis. Iron Jlonntain anil fsmtlitrn Railwav at Arkailelphia, Ark., bvl
St. Louie and Southivestirii Kailnay (Cotton Belt route) at Cnuiden, Ark., wad
th« Vickeburg, Slirevepirt niid Pneifte Railroad at tlouroe, La. Tb« St. Louis a
Iron MoantatD road ban n liriiiiob line jiaTuIlcl to tb« river from Camden to Qnrdi
Ark., aud thenco by the main line to .^rkndelphia. A projected estension of tl
braneh will eiTe direct comniuniratiim withtlieMiwiisgippi Kiver at ArkanssaCi
the part to oo built beiii^ ftoin Camden to Warren, Ark., a distance of abont
miles. The Honston, Central ArknnKaa and yortlicrn Railroad (another branch
the Missonri Pneilic Systi'nO eonnerts with ArkaDti.iB City at McGrbee, ISai
went, and tbcuce runs in a eonthn-cijti'rly direi-tioii. about uiidway between Baj
Bartholomew and Binif Itiver. toui'ties Ouachita Kivcr and crosses the Vickabn
ShrevepoTt and Paeifie Kiiilroad lit Monroi'. La., and continncs down, parallel to '
main river, to Columbiu. La. Thii runil is liuiliHuR a lirid^e amiss the river at Eiv
ton about 6 miles above Columliia, and is nn>l>-reonHtmrtion from Columbia to Al
andria, and will cross Little liiver at the juuctiou of Dugdemoua with BSfOn Cast
»BT OV CAPTAIN WILLARD. 1975
The Kalrlira. Bi'«l RJvrr niu) Trxnti Railroml (iiurrn\T eniigi'i) riinn fmiu Dlark River
BUUan, upiinkilA Trinity, Ui Viilnlin on tli.> Misfiiasipiii nt>|"i«it'' Niit'^li.z. Tills roml
h«B a ■UtuiU triWMkly jm-iiH rtinniTii: ::, VA-u-V. l;ir.-i- (..Viit.lh-. 'Hr.- V.m- Oil.'iiiis
•fet) NorlhwHtrni Ruilwity. i'.nii|.l.'ii-'l ., \ .i, i,. ii ,,- r.. i: ,. ■ in.. [ , , iTosm-a
Buair KSv4irn Bliort rlinUiii'i- iiurMi 'ii I' ' " ' i < " '' -iiii|i. [,ii.
Tli»oirulii>TMiifi.iItlt-liivi'r. wliE.h i-i.ir.-- >^.r .,. ,,,■,. .i,.! 1, i,- ,, ,it ■rriiiHy,
L*., In funning Blauk Eivur, wan ri>|>iirti'>l lor ihb puisi lihnii your, m ioIiiavf! :
CaUon 1,000
ColtmaDnd 2,5(10
HidM niKd Bkiiw 35
1
fltavM 900
Uga 60,000
Toral down fniEht Ki.wa
Bctnni frcighl „ 3. R%8
Total ftpichta IJD.338
EitluBtt-d vaiav, hi tuuuil iiiiiiilx'rs _ #705,000
V4.
mPHOVI^MENT OF OUACHITA RIVEE ABOVE CAMDEN, AEKANSAS.
At) ejcamiiiatioii of Ouachita River in ArlfanHaa was made iiudcr
(IlrMrlion uf Lieutenant ColmiL'I llayiinlds in 1870. Ahove ArkiMlelphia
it w;i.- I'.mriti t.. 1i.- liffk- iii'.n- limn a iiioiiiifiiiri tom-nt, iit m..st limes
very shoal, and in flood too rapid for navigation. Estimates were made
for removing obstructions below Arkadelpltia to the Arkansas line,
•60,000, and for dr«dging, $12,300. (Report Chief of Engineers, 1871, *
pages 336-337.) The act approved Marel! 3, 1871, appropriated $25,000
for improving the river below Arkudelphia to the Louiriiana line, ^vhich
was expended in removing obstructions in 1871 and 1872.
Nothing was done for further improvement above Camden until 1S82,
when an examination of the ri^'er from Camden to Arkadelphia was
directed by the act of August 2, 1882. The examination was ma<lc by
'itajoT Miller, who reported that this part of the river was not worthy
of improvement and the work not a public necessity. {Report Chief of
Engineers, 1884, pages 1351-13r>5.)
The act approved August 5, 1880, directed a "reexamination of
Ona<;faita above Camden, Ark.," which was made under my direction
in 1887. (Report Chief of Engineers, 1887, pages 1495-1497.) I re-
ported that nothing could be found to recommend an expensive im-
frovement, but that I considereil the river between Arka^lelphia and
!amden worthy of improvement to the extent of cutting leaning tim-
ber, girdling trees along the bankw, removing snags and logs with
dynamite, and building brush dams ut the shoals to iifturd uiivigatiiui
at high stages, at an estimated cost of $9,000.
The act of August 11, 1S.sk, iippropriated *9,000 "to complete" the
improvenient.
■Work was commenced at .Arkadelphia in September, 1889, and car-
ried downstream to Camden, where it was suspende4i in l)e('ember.
Operations daring that period put the river in fair condition for navi-
<»twn above Camden to Arkadelphia at stages that would peimit
1076 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
Rteanii'is to vuii to tlic fonnor pla<'C», all tlio work having been <1
low wat<»r, oxcopt a short stretch above the mouth of Little Mi
Ko business was <li verted to the river, however, and uoue of th«
lar Ouaehita boats went hi^jher than CanuU^i, giving the rea^
as the merchants of Arkadelphia had taken no steps toward sk
by river Camden was still regarded as the head of their trade.
' The work in 1SS9 was done well in spite of occasional interra;
by sudden rises, but it was expecteil that a great deal of the t
that had been cut would lodge in the stream the first season,
considerable sum was reserved to be used in going over the
stretch during the next low water.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, operations were a
lows:
A chopping party was organized at Camden July 23 and the
and outfit used the preceding year put in order by July 28, ani
party started upstream to resume the removal of obstnictions. A
water was at a low stage, progress was slow and the boats wei
tained more or less at every shoal. There was less than 4 inchc
Tulip Bar, and brush dams were built to concentrate the flow, by 'w
the depth was increased to G inches, but as the quarter boat «
about 13 inches log rollers were made and the boat hauled ux)st
for over a quarter of a mile.. At the rapids a number of large bowl
were removed before the boat could pass. The mouth of the I
Missouri, .*iS miles above Camden, was reached August 12, and as
tributary furnishes a large proiwrtion of the water supply it was
deemed advisable to try to move the boats higher upstream on the
stage of water, but the party was divided and six men with a s
battery, and explosives were sent to remove the channel snags al
that ix)int. The flat boat worked back downstream, thoroughly
moving all obstructions on the way, until September 22, when
river commenced rising rapidly, and the plant was laid up at Old B
Cut-ott', a few miles above Camden. Complaint having been mad
obstructions in the river bel6w Arkadelphia, the available balance
expended between that place and the mouth of Decepier Creek
miles below. October 2-4 the quarter boat was towed to the 1«
l>oint, but heavj' rains set in immediately thereafter, and as there
no probability of doing the work within a reasonable time, the '
was dropped back to Old River Cut-oft' October 7, and again laid
By October 22, however, the water had fallen suflSciently to res
work, and a party with skitts, tools, and explosives was transpo
by teams to the mouth of DtH'cpier Creek. Work was carried
stream to Arkadelphia and then back over the same stretch of ri
dynamite being used Ireely, and the overseer in charge reported
nothing further which would be called an obstruction could be foj
and that with sufticient water to pass the shoals steamboats coul^
to Arkadelphia without danger. On completion of this work,
]>arty in skitts returned to the lH>ats, which were dropped do¥n
</amden November 4, t4) be used on the work of improving the i
beh>w that pla<*e.
Overseer John T. Ihirkette, in immediate charge, reported the
lowing work for the year:
Siijiji^s reiiiovetl fnnn chaunol :
Leaniug trees out
{Square yards brush and willows cut ; *
Cubic yards rock removed from rhnnuel
Liuear feet brush dams built
:.<l<!>tinti;>l .'srini^il
i;i;lllHli, liu't. ill tll>
WDIX V — HEPORt OK CAPTAIN WILLARD.
Tills work wmiiU-l'tl flu- pii.int. fnv iriii.i-..\-iiiL' Omicllif;' River I)
Av<-<-i> (::Mri<)i'ii :i.ii<I Ai'k^iili'l|ilim, Ail... :ii><1. ii.s mI»I<'<I in iiiv ri-|Hi|-t.
i li.il ir.|itiiv ;tll<'i>li.iii <'riv IIIMliy .y'MTH. No-l
iiliiiiinril, ihiTf hi-jn^' li'i ciijiHiicrct- imw or tfiM
I- U> miiir ;il ;ill riilllllirl..sur.llt^ ^^itll tLe COHt. J
liil di'i'tlyiiig wiiiilti Iji! of yiciit I)ein.'-Jitt4iliav-T
I'hl it would only ivggmv ate (lie ditticnlties.!
iinl'ti profile ahows, aa he reports, "that ordi-f
ii(.'tir, fiUL-h as dre^lging and rock excavations T
or wing dams, woiUd involve eiionnoiia expense even if practicable," mid
OH these remarks wei-e for the river below Oamdeii tlicy will apply still
more forcibly to the river above. Colonel Haynolils HiM-aks of only 12
inches on the shoiils, bat in extreme low water 3 inuhea is not luitMnu-
tnOD. Even if a system of locks and dams should be found pnu^ticablo
tlie benefit would be only local nnleas the whole river wt^re iinpmvod to
give at least i feet navipition to Caimlon the year nmnd, for t)ua«hita
Kiver iB not navigable to Camden by the sinalleHt boats in extreme low
water, tliere being as little iis IS inehos on the bars in Black Kiver, the J
Btretch from the Four Rivera at Trinity to Ked River, t« say nothing of fl
the rock and gravel bars in th« river from Trinity to Camden, the head fl
of navigation. The ))copIe iutcreated in Arkad^phia natorally desire I
that the npper river shall bo iniproved if possible, and think it unfair ■
tliat their viewa should not be ancejited without demur. Complaint was ■
made that the work in the upper river had not been well done, and I ■
tlierefore ha^l the river esamiJied at the lowest stnge, and am eatistlet) J
that everything contemplated and estiinnted for has been accomplished f 9
that is, the r^noval of leaning timber, drift, and tlie most dangeronafl
snags to give a rfiasonably snfe navi{ratiuii during liigh Ktagps. Moral
can not bo done upon a stream that is subject to sudden rises of as much. a
as 10 feet in a day and that ranges between high and low water not lesafl
tiian 411 feet at Camden. 1 do not know the exa«t difl'oreuee of eleva-fl
tiou between low water at Arkadelphia and at Camdeo, but a» the slojie m
is not lesa thau four tenths foot at Camden, it ran uot be less than SOl
feet, and yet with this great fall and a current of from 1.5 to 3 miles porl
hour, and in high floods murh greater, the low- water discharge will notS
viiry much fmm 350 cubic feet a second, which would give a channel im
I'.-ci (l.i-ii iiiid not over 30 foet wide, provided the velocity could be kepbf
iinilir > li'i't i>et second, or say 2 miles, per hour. ■
Tlir ri|iort on the Mississippi delta survey (IIumphrBya and Abbot), ■
page 211, edition of 1876, says: ■
Few rivets AiSat more in the f|iiaDt.itf of water itt difforont Heasons tUnn the Onu- U
chit*. FluwinK f>oin aliillyoruuaQtiilnoiisCriuit mure cnnHtiinoyniiKbt Iwuxpeoted^
In llie coliiiiin of watocj but lb»iif!li the ptacM drivinod by the Littiv MisBouii aiidB
Foiiiche HU CiMln are not delii^U'ut in spnngo, yet ttio extensive region toward 1li« V
MUtitceH of Oaachitn baa Uttic water except whut is supplioil by tiuiib in the wiu* m
!«■ ami (Miring. When tlie parching heat of anmnioT hw* drkil the country abiive ■
the nioiilfi of the Littto Mifwonri the Oaaebita bccomos very low lis far south an the ■
head of Itlai^k River. ■
(Arkadelphia t« Trinity is about 370 miles.) I
To show other opinions in regard to the river above Cainden held byj
people .engage* 1 in uavigntiug Ouachita between Camden and Npw«
Orleans, attention is invited to the complaint of December 27, 1880, 1
made to the Secretary of War and referred to me for report, the body ■
of which is as follows: I
We, BtoninboatmRii who havnbcon uavigatins this river (Ouncliita) for the pnflt30>l
jtmm from New Orleans to CaradiMi. Ark., beg to call your altmif ion to the ixnnnorB
iD which the rivtir improvnniont ot Ouacbitu Una bouu munajfod. The goattomvA^V
1978 REPORT OP TIIK CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, V. 8. ARMY.
Captain Davis, now in cliar^o. informs ns that his instriK'tions are to work
lh<- rivrr tV«un Caiiulcn a]»ov(>. ThiTi* is no st«>anihnat hiisint'ssnor iiavi^itioi
CaiiHlcn. No lioats lim* st'vnal vrars havo Ikmmi running th«'i'o, aii«l tlio iiio
)M'nilf(l theiv is of no Itcnctit to stranihoats or fonniuTco. Tho river fi*om t
down is in Vfiy bad condition, as Captain Davis knows, and requires his at t
tht'H' hi»i!]«x v«*ry many sna^s and ohstnn-tions in the ohauuel. Captain
knows I ht* best and most t'conomiral iru't hod to remove thesetibBtrnctions, which
hu done at ouvv. We do not know to whom we shonhl apply nnless to yon,
y(m tt) ^ive Ca))tain Davis insiructions ttt work from Camdeu down. Our sea
8t('nmboatin«; is short, and we ask as a sperial favor that yon will refer the
to the proper person for promi>t action, and oblijre us especially.
i I iv]>(>rtO(l tho work doiie on the river below Camden, and th\
' work above Caiuden was not discretionary, bnt required by the 1
r Anjrust 11, 18SS, a])]>roi)riatin*;: ^^O.IMK) for tliat puri)08e, also tl
' Mareh, 1887. with 18 feet on the gau^e at Camden, the pilot of the
boat Wa(fne)\ 30 inches draft, refnsed to take the responsibilj
jjoin^ above Cannlen bridge on account of the dangrer of being a
above, as tlie river was fallinjr, althou«rh I did not contemplate
the boat more than two days inspecting the upi>er river.
There is but one way in which the question of improving the
between Arkadelphia and Camden can be settled, and that is 1
ac<*urate survey, especially in the line of levels. I have said tha
difference of elevation betw<»en low water at each jdace was not ku
but it may be estimated by combininjiT the results of river and rai
surveys in Ouachita Valley. The Iron Mountain Railroad levels
a difference between the brid*res at Little Kock and Arkadelphia of a
71 feet, and placed the britljxe at Fulton on Ked Kiver at the same h<
as that at LittU' Kock. 1 connected the hitter with the Coast Sn
juecise bench, an<l the former with the levels of Ked River survey,
found a disi*repancy t>f less than 1 foot. The precise levels from M;
sip])i Kiver to Shreveport inchuled hi«rh and h)w water marl
M<niriH* on Ouachita, and one bench of the survey of 1871 from Tr
to Camd(»n. The survey of 187^^ fn>m Camden to Trinity gave a
crepancy in levels of about 0 feet as <*om])ared with those of 1871
the several common benches at and near ^lonroe show a constant d
ence in reference planes, so that, assuming them to agree and refei
all elevations to the common datum of the Commission surveys
variation at either end of the river line may be taken as not gn
than .") feet. With these con<litions lii;irh water at Arkadelphia wi
about i\:\ meters {say 207..") feet), Cain» datum; at Camden, 41,4 m
(say VM\ teet), and at Monroe .'50.7 meters (say 101 feet).
The i>rolile of 187.S s1h)ws a rise an<l fall at Camden of 12.3 m«
(40..*>teet), so that it' the same ranjre is assumed low water at J
;■ delphia wtmld be .>! meters (107.2 feet) Cairo datum. The distane
j: tween the two stations has b<»en estimate<l from 72 to 100 miles, gi
ji a fall of fnun 0 iiu-hes to 1 foot to the niile.
J: r>ut the <*hief tributary of that ])art of Ouachita (Little Miss
j; enters some TH) miles beh)w Arkadelphia, an<l therefore, and froir
i ra]>idity with which the river rises and falls at Camden, it ift evi
■ that the ranp* at Arkadelphia must be very much less than at Can
The estiniate made some years ajro of M) fei»t at Arkadelphia is pn>l
abont ri;rlit, which would ^jrive the low-water elevation at that jwii
about .■).*> meters (say betwtHMi 17.") and 180 feet) Cairo datum, givi
total h>w- water fall of from SO to S."* feet, or, say. from 10 to 16 iueh
the mile. .Makinjr all due all«>wance for ernus in the levels, it is ]
able that the avera^re s1oim*s of either hijih or low water l)etween J
|. delphia and Cannlen can not be less than 0 inches to the milei so
'. T- — REPORT OP CAPTAIN WILLARP.
i liyjoKi.'
iliii
,h-,:]^\„
ilrt I
19791
ilU|)11»VMIIl!nt t
Im-rfjisw of ileptli by any of these mpiniH ('mm CiumlPii iiimard would I
juttniw hlie low-watw limit to full, nnd tlnis n-dni-o tlio iin-wiil tle|)tlis i
pn Hie isliuiilH above, breakirig the a.ssiiiint<l low-wiiti-i- liii(< into a Hub of
BacL-e)«sivv pools and rapids. Opi'ii it:ivif;;iliiiii at ijn-iliuni iiiiil lower
ntAir*-'s cuald not be obtained by iiLrilj.-)h;;. I'x.-rpr by .■\iiiva.tiiij;l«8U(!h
!& deptli as to reduce the low-n-:ilrr sinpi- lo, or Ics.s ili;iii, tliat at Cam-
den. On the other hand, slnck-wiitiT ii;ivijj:;Lt!oii wmild not be of any
material benefit to Arkadelphia iink'fis lowwatw navigation were first
lobtained by some plan for the {jeneral improveaieut of the whole river I
jbelow Camden. To give a navigable depth of 3 feet fmni Camden to
j^ArkadclpUia, supposing that the water supply should l>e sulficifiiit, '
would require not less than three dams and locks above Camden, and
probably six or seven, with maximum lifts safe for sueli foundations as |
are pre-sumed to exist. But, us already said, tihe feasibility of this or
of any permanent improvement of upper Ouachita can not be judged
witliout a survey. I
The first tiling requisite is the determination of the high and low-
water elevations at Arkndelplua and Camden, and the most er^nomical 1
metliodofdoingsowouldbe tomn a Hue of precise levels from the Coast j
and GotKlctic Survey benches from Little Bock to Arka<lelphia, 65 milsB j
along the In>n Mountain Railroad, thence along the brancli roads to I
Gwrdon and Cmndcn, 50 miles, and thence return to close at Pine Bluff,
j Arkansaf) River, along the Cotton Belt ronte, 04 miles.
If the elevations at Arkadelphia and Camden should prove to be much |
i less than those I have given, the survey of the upper river might be <
I nndcrtakeu, connecting stations along the river by ordinary le\'els. If I
I tte railroad companies which would bo benefit«d by the levels along j
1 their Unes should be willing to help, as the Vieksburg, Shreveport and 1
Pacific Railroad Company did on the line across Louisiana to Bed River,
the precise levels su;;frestcd above i^ouhl be finished in jibout 3 months
' for $5,0(MI. These liin's w.xild bo essential to iin iifcunitc survey of ]
I Onachita River from Cinudi'ii to Red River, so tli^it. if tliut slimild be |
' authorized, the eoKt would be bonie by the gentiiil iijipropriation by i
' fixing Arkadelphia as till' u|>iier limit. j
I The survey of the rivi-r iiiid valley ftom Arkadelphia to Camden, a j
very difficult country, wiili the height of both banks determined by ]
ordinary levels, and tniusvidley seitious made at intervals U> as<;6rtain j
I the amount of land subject to overflow, would cost about JlfiO the mile, i
or about jl2,000, in addition to the piedse levels, necessary in any j
case, on the basis of 75 miles length of upper river. I
Attention is invited to the map of Oumihita. Valley and the plate I
showing the approximate limits of high and low water on Ouachita, and
' to the subject of improving the river from Camden to Red River in my
report of this date upon Ouaehita and Black Rivers. I recommend that
no further appropriation be made for Ouachita above Camden until it .
«baI1 be i^wn by a proper survey that permanent improvement of the ^
upper river is practical at a reasonable cost.
Money statement.
1 980 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EKOINEERS, U. S. ARV
COMMEKCIAL STATISTICS.
In the pAxt Rsral yrar llipro wus nnvicalion for email buulK frum Canute
del^hiafronithcniiildlcufD('ccml)cr until lhelatl«r purt orMiiy,aiidforlt
dnrlug high stn^'Os say from January to May.
The boat« which niu above Ciuuden were as foUoirs:
CIosii.
1
1
i
1
i«o. ;i
KumB.
1
M
nrtwpm irhat
to. 18
JL
Ft
iiW.-,
rr.-»'
CumilpB ■ml md
?;«rOrini»u?il
UteHoriBiiv.
Prince
,,
.....lo
107. W
»,.
i3.0
-
20 4..
The frpighta reported w
Cotton
Stayes..
M iscellaneous . .
Total freights.
Estimated Tslue, iu i
Vs.
IMPROTEMEST OF BAYOU D'ARBON-NE. LOUISIANA.
Bayoa D'Arbonne is formed by the junction of the Soothj Hidd
North or Comey Branches, near Farmerville, Union Panah, no
LouisiaDa; flows in a southeasterly direction, and enters Ouachita
6 mites above Monroe, La. The course of the bayou is very toi
through an allu\iat bottom varying iu width from 1 mile at the 1
navigation to 5 or C miles at its mouth, which is overflowed durin
water to a dejith of from o to 15 feet. In its windings the t
touches the hills, at several [iliices, which serve as shipping poii
the country back of them.
Au examination and a survey were made in 1883, and the prcri
improvoineut was bo^ed upon the latter. The bayon is navigatu
at hiffh stiiges, and it was believed that by the removal of snagt
wTeeks. and leaning timber from Stein Blufl' on the Comey Brsi
the moiith of the bayon, i'2^ miles, the boating season would be 1
ened two mouths and navigation made less hazardous at all
The estimated cost of such improvement was $15,1100, if spent
consecutive seasons. (Report Chief of Engineers, 188t pagta
1381).
The following appi-oxiriations have been made:
By act of—
JolyS, 18St
August 5. I88ti
August 11, 18»8
September 19, 18B<>
Totalumount appropriated to Jnne 30, 1891
OperatioDs cotnmencAd iii 1881, ami were continned in 1880, 1887, and
889, extending nvec the bayou from its uioutb to Stein li\att'. Vav-
Bg tliia period the improvement from Stein to Harrii* Bluif, or Shiloli
jftDding, 13 miles above, waa unclertsikea by private sitbt^criptioii, and
a 18i>0 hoati^ ran to tlio latter point for 0 moiitliB. Considerable work
rsa done by steamboat men in the way of clearing leaoing timber and
emoving tbe worst snags before the im])rovciiient was nndertuken by
be United States, and in 1883, tbe year the survey was madb, the
»ayoa was reported as navigable from 6 to 7 inonthH nf the year.
Phe woric done by the United Suites extended the period of navigation
blly one month, enabled boats of double the capacity of those formerly
ised to trade in tbe stream to advantage and with leas risk, shortenod
ifae time for making trips, and redneed freight rates one-half.
Ihiring the fiscal year 1891 operations weie as follows:
The stream having been reported mucli obstructed by fallen timber,
knd a& it was desired to clear it out if possible before the high-water
wason set in, a flatboat was repaired and fitted up for quarters of a
shopping party the latter part of December, and toweil from Monroe,
[a., to the junction of D'Arbonne and Corney Forks January 5-6.
A. paiiy of 20 men commenced work tbe following day at Stein Bluttj
Irafc rainy weather set in soon after, and by Januaiy Kt the water bail
aeaa BO much that it became advisable to suspend operations. The work
had been carried downstream about 9 miles, and consisted of destroy-
ing trees and stumpB tn the channel by means of high explosives, puU-
tng snags, felling and girdling the timber along the banks, and cutting
Dp all logs liable to be carried into the stream and become obstructions,
tbe following liebig a summary of what was done:
Bnaga nmovpil 33
Stomps Rnuovitd 19
Bliore HnagB out , Ii3
Log* cut i33
IVeea remuTdd 319
Ttmb gLrdled 312
The boat and outfit were laid up at Moselys Bluft' to await a lower
stage, but continued heavy rauis prevented any work, and after they
had ceased backwater fiom the Ouachita kept the bayou up. As there
was no prospect of being able to resume work till late in f he summer,
at the beginning of May the boat was transferred to Bayou Bartholo-
mew, where operations would not bo afiected by backwater from the
main river.
The available balance will be expended during low water tliis aum-
jner or fall in continuing the work begun in January.
The-8teamer Trihiitarp (94 t<ms) burned in this bayon last season on
the first trip, with 3a.'J bales of cotton, and the steamer Lake WasMnji-
ton (HO tons) burned on I lie third trip. The wrecks of these vosaels will
be removed if JoLiml to nljHlnu;t navigation.
The work is not iirrm uienr, as new obstructions areaddetl from time
to time, but it can lie diniu so thoroughly as not to require attention for
some years if the balatu i' of the original estimate is granted by the next
appropriation, although tills estimate was made for two consecutive
seftHons' work.
Money utatmtenl.
A [luring tlatnl yei
Jutf 1, IM)!, liiiiuucu uuuxpmiilvd .
1982 REPORT OF THE CUIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
{Amount (estimated) required for completion of existinjo: project '?
Amount that can be profitably expendinl in fiscal year ending June 90, 1898
Submit t<Hl in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
In the past fiscal year this bayou was navigable for nearly 8 months, froi
until the latter x)art of May, inclusive. The boats emidoyed in this tnd
follows :
Name.
Class.
o
es
C
B
O
H
Draft.
m
s
•
u
•
ji
•
**
»s
•
4a
%.
r*
Long
s • -^
n 1 Q
■
1
Ft. Ft.
.a
5
Load
G
Feet.
FLin.
FLin.
Between what pla
JosicW , Steni-wlicol 15C.40 140.030.4 4.8, 2 6 6 6 5 Monroe and St
steamboat. ; j > I I I | Bluff, La.
LakeWiksbington,....do ' 06.39 102.024.0 4.3 2 0 6 0;3....do
Sallic do 168.25 109.0 23.9 3.3 1 0,3 018 Monroe and Shi
! I I I I ; Landhig. La.
Tributary do '03.TS 83.018.6 3.0 1 2 3 2; l'....do
Addie do
I
12.54
1 I
I
■l".
do
The freights reported were as follows :
Cotton
Cotton seed -
HideA
Lumber
Misellancous
Total down freights
Betum freights
Total freights
Estimated value in round numbers ; $683,500
|64fi,0M
The bayou is the only available means of transporting crops and snppli
by hauling long distances in wagons to Monroe or to the Vicksburg, 8
and Paciiic Kailroad on the south.
V6.
IMrROVKMEXT OF BAYOr B.VRTIIOLOMEW, LOUISIANA AND AKl
This stream rises in southeastern Arkansas witliin a few
Pine Bhitt*, aiitl, foHowing a tortuous course, flows at first nearly
to Arkansas Kiver, at a distanee varying from 15 to 30 miles; t
allel to th(» ]\lississii>i)i, at about the same average distance, 1
entering liouisiana turns to th(» southwest and linally enters (
Kiver oi»j>osite ()ua<*hita <Mty. The total drainage area of tl
ainl its tributaries is about 1.8(M) square miles. The States of L
and Arkansas made expenditures at various times for its iuiprc
^PESDXX V— BEPORT OF CAPTAIN WILLAED. 1983
MTi^ltOD ID tt having boc^n carried on to a cousiderable extent as early
» im.
fh^uinatioi]H wore made by the United State's in 1872, 1879, 18S0,
•nd 1884. (I{<^po^ts Chief of Engineers, 1872, pages 3S3-386j 1879,
piifiHi 997-llKWi 1881, pagea 145^-1457; and 1885, pages 1548-1552.)
Tlic project WOH iiilopted in 1881 and contemplatea the removal of snags,
!og», wrecka, leaning timber, etc, obsti-ueting navigation from Baxter,
Ark., tn the mouth. Tfais part of the bayou was csti{aatctl to be 211^
•uIm long,bnt from mowiarement^ of the maps at tliis oStce the distiiuee
*)>(te)tr«i to be about 150 miles. New obstructions are added every year,
ieore no estimate for iiennunent impnwement is given.
The folhiwing uppropriations liave been made:
itr Actor—
HtfrbHvUHl *8,0M
Auwtil883 5,000
j^Ti,im 5,000
iL»gtmts,ma 5,000
AnputltlSIB 5,000
a^tnnber lU, 1890 _. 5,000
Tntai tunouii t nppropritttvd 33, 0«l
The work eonuneuced iu 1881, and was continued in 1882, 1884, 1836-
^T, and I8S9-'yO; operations extended over nearly the entire portion of
ttk«^ bnyon included in the project and benefited navigation to a great
BXt«it, but ut no time were the funds available sufficient to go over
^e ivtirv stretch thoroughly, as contemplated iu the original project,
^hkh «?uDt«ined estiiuates for two consecutive seasons' work duringlow
filter at ii cost of $26,862. Before the improvement commenced tiireo
■nontbK wiiw the itverage dnration of the navigable season; in 1890 it
v»A re{Kirted that there was better navigation for 6 months; that
b«ata of double the capacity m»de trips with greater safety iu half the
time; and that the rates of freight had been reduced 50 per cent.
Dnriog the fiscal year 18!t(>-'91 operations were continued as follows:
The quarter-boat and oullit were dropped down trom Jloscly Bluff
on Bayou D'Arbonne to Monroe, La., May 1 and 2, where supplies
were received and a chopping party organized. May 6 to 10 the quar-
ter-boat was towed to Portbind, Ark., where operations commenced
Hay II, and were continued downstream to the Hughes Place, La.,
estimated to be about 50 miles. Tlic work consisted of girdling trees
near the banks, catting leaning timber, stumps, shore snags, and logs
on the banks, and removing snugs, logs, stumps, and trees from the
channel by the use of high explosives and Mocks and tackle.
Overseer Watkins Decker, under whose supervision the work was
done, reports as follows :
The removal of IftTge trees tliat had caved into the bayou and fallen across the
chAimel will permit boats to navigate at from a 3 to 1 foot less sta^e of water. The
clearing of tinber from the points nnd bends, and widening narrow places, will en-
able ■tcftinboata to make better time, and the destruction of dangerous shore snags
and BtamM, that have been a menace to steamboat men in past years, will lessen the
danger ofnavigation greatly.
The planters along the bayou are much interested in its improvement, in order
that they may bare steamboat competition with the Houston, Central Arkansas and
Northern Railroad, which runs nearly paralU-l to the bayou, and thny informed me
that as Bonn as navigation ntups the lailro.nd raises fri'i^ht raten 25 per cunt. On
both banks of the bayou are lurtile faniiH, gimdut^ing thuiisiindit of bulua of cotton
jrearly. Mid it requires large quantities of siijiplii^s fur the l^kl)Or elTiployeil on tlieito
plantationa. The R>ads, over which a jHirtiou of the crop Ima to be liauied beforo
SKTJ^Uan opena, ion tbrongb swamps, and aio nearly impawnble ia wet weatherj
1984 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
heuce the advautage to the planters to have better navigntion, and for a
period, in order to ship their crops and receive supplies by water near their g
The banks are heavily timbered, and it will be impoHsible to clear in one set
the trees that should be cut, and snags will appear from year to year, but as '
provement progresses the work will be lighter and the annual exi^euse of k
the bayou open to navigation will be less and less.
The following is a summary of the work rei)orteil :
Snags removed from channel
Stumps removed fr#m channel and banks
Shore snags removed
Logs removed from channel and banks
I^anin^ trees removed
Trees girdled
This work will be continued downstream as lon^ a« thei*e are i
available, but at the present rate of pix>gress the appropriation w;
expended by the middle ot August.
It would be of great advantage to the shipjung interest to
gauges at convenient i>oints, as at Baxter or Portland, Ark., oii
Missouri Pacific system, to inform steamboat men when they c
enter the stream and the depths they could carry on the shoals. T
stations are but 14 and 2S miles from the Coast Survey precise b<
at McGehee, Ark., and would recpiire only 31 niiles of leveling to
nect them with the Cairo datum. With a gauge at the moutl
Ouachita River, the approximate limits of high and low water coul<
determined in one season, and the probable depths at low water ta
firom soundings while removing obstructions. The cost of this woi
insignificant compared with the information and benefits thatw<
res^t. Other points might be reached by a line of levels down
Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern Eailroad to Monroe,
but the line would not be essential excei)t for a survey of thi^ ba
in connection with the improvement of Ouachita Kiver. The cot
establishing two gauges, leveling, and wages for observers would
within 85()0. No separate estijnate is made for this work, as it wc
properly be chargeable to the improvement of the stream.
Mono}! tffafcment.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended |
Amount appropriated by act ai)proved {September 19, 1890 5^ 00
5,00
June 30, 1891, amount expended <luiiiii: liscal year 2, 7S
July 1, 1891, balance uuexpciuli'il 2, 24
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilit ks 34
July 1, 1891, balance available 1,88
{ Amounttbatcanbopr(>tital»ly«\}>fM(l«Ml iii lis -nl yi-artinliii.ti Jum'30, 1893 10^00
< Submitted in compliaiuT with r«>i|uir<'in<*iits (»t' sections 2 oIl river and
( harbor acts of l^jti and IS^JT.
COMMrnCIAL STATISTICS.
Navigation in tbis bayou opened to M«'('onibs Landing, Arkansas, at moat
Bear House Creek, Decembor ir», 18tH>. and «losed May 1, 1891, on accooutof obst
tioDS. Low-water navigation was continued to Point Pleasant, La., antilJon
p
TIT
SslkfWUIc
APPKNDIX V — KEI'UKl' OF t.'Al'TAlN WIIJ.AKH. I'JSB'
(bUawinglUt ■liimtt tbnuUiiiiiiUjuts rii^iigfit in Uiik Irmtn iliiiiii^r |.]„, |}Hi.-nt
1
. «, ft
U.3^ 1II«.I)I9.> 1.3' 1
MuuR»lul'a|iliirmufl',
Ark.
MonnMio Uiul (irovc.
Mriunw K. Ban Bniun
if
Th««(niiin«rc« of the atnun wm reported to be w fbllows;
UMO-'M.
lg«>--M.
I8Sft>*».
!i,Sii
sia
so
Tm:
'*•'%*
g-., :::-:;-;:;;;:;;;;;::
431
a,iin
17,83*
««,:!»
a.»8B
*aa.aoo
MnTw
* IntonplelA.
TMi atresia U c:rosseil at Baxter, Ark., tlio upper limit n( tbe iitipruvi^meiit, by ft
mari, of the 8t. LouiM, Iron Mouiitnin and Soiitliuni Iliijlroud, whii^li oonnecta
"^ih the Uiatiiuiippi River at ArkiiJiNus L'ity niid rims wrxt Tifi miles to Warren, Ark.,
■■■I rill be extended to CaiLiili;)). on tliu Oii:ii^hitu, wliich' ia coiiiicotod with tbe
*>u>linfl by a branch to QDrdiiii, Ark. The Uoiietou, Ceiitriil ArkaunoH and North-
^Biilroad (anotber briuich o( the Missouri Pacifie syatt'm) runs parallel to Bar-
wriuDtw &oni McGehee, Ark., to Mancoe, Lu. Tbe prujected eiteiinioii of tlte
^*Orl«aiu and Xorthwestern Railway north of Rayvilli-, Lu., will i-roHa Uayuu
''utbaloDiew on a line Irom Jtuntrop. J.a., to Hamburg, .Vrk.
IMPROVEMENT OF BAYOU BCEUF (B<EL"F KIVKR), LOUISIANA.
BayoQ Breaf, iisuall.v c»l)c<l Bipnf Bi^ei-, Iiiis
'''Miiity, RrtiiHiCiL-ftcrn Arkiiiisiis, Itows in a ;fciicii
'i»D. iiiid eiiU-rs Oihti-Uita Kivur at Sluft'iutVs I'u"
iwoitbiiitt, I'll- Tilt' iiii|niiviMiu'iit <>r this stii'aiii
>Stute uf Ijotiittiaiiit liiilta ct'iitiiiv ;ifi<>, ttif t'i'|)iii'l
RiirkH uf 1840 KtiUiii}; that it liail h.-ni ujk-ik-iI I<
An esaniitiiittmi was uiadi; by tlic United Stat4;.s in IHH*) (paj^it.s 1424-
1128, Report Chief of KuKineers, 18.SI), and tlic i>io.jo(-t bsised tlicrwHi
COTiteniptateH removing nnags, \'>s&, and K^aning timber obistnicting
sua n 125
ivo. ill Cliieot
,V.'.-iti-ll.V dill'C-
111, H miles above Ilai-
nas uiidtTlalvfii by tlie
III' the lioui'd III' {iiiblie
1986 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EMGINEEKS, U. 8. ARMY.
navigation at high stages from Wallace Landing to the mouth.
distance between these points was estimated to he about 280 mUea
as scaled from the maps it appears to be only 152 miles.
rn 1884 an examination of three outlets near Point Jefferson
made, in accordance with requirements of the river and harbor »
that year, and their closiu-e was recommended as necessary to prea
navigation in the stream. (Report Chief of Engineers, 1885, pages 1
1548.)
New obstructions are added every year, and require removal :
time to time, hence no estimate for permanent improvement is mac
The appropriations have been as follows:
Bv act of—
March 3. 1881 $
August 2, 1882 i
July 5, 1884 i
Augusts, 1886 i
August 11, 1888 I
September 19, 18JK) i
Total auuiuut appropriated 3!
The removal of obstructions was commenced in 1881, and coutii:
in 1882, 1884, and 1888-'89, and enabled steamboats to run to P
Jefterson, 19 miles below Wallace, dnring high stages, with greater sal
The estimates of 1884 for closing the outlets amounted to $8,500,
no appropriation was made for that purjiose until August 5,1886, hi
$5,0(X) was provided for '* continuiug improvement and for closing
let Xo. 1." Upon rei*»xamination it was found essential that all
outlets be closed, and, by uniting with the planters whose lands w<
be protected, this was done in lS^7 and 1888. Outlet No. 1 was cl<
substantially, the stH^'oiul was closed by a heavy dam at a lower el
tion, and the third by a low dam, this being all tl|e work that coul
done with insutiicient appropriations assisted by private subscripl
The closure of the outlets gave immediate benefit to navigation by
lining the flow to the natural direction and scouring the bars below,
during the overflow fi'om the Mississippi River in the spring of 1890
dams were destroyed.
Owing to lack of funds it was impracticable to make any ex
nation of the outlets in the fiscal year 181K), after the dams were
stroyed, but during low water last October, Assistant Engineer i
Ewens visited the l<K'ality and reported as foUows:
I found the three outlrts open and the dike that separates Bayous Bi^ and I
Bonne Itlee jrone. OutU't Xo. 1, eh»sed in 1887, was found in a more critical a
tion than outK'ts Xos. 2 and 3, closed in 1S88. Of outlet Xo. 1, just enough o
old enihanknuMit was left to deline its outline at each end, about half of the i
in^ was <li*y. and the rnnaining portion was from 4 to 5 feet deep, and dead w
Outlet Xo. 2 war* completely dry at hase of the old dike; the top of the eroni
the bast* was not less than 4 feet above the water. About one-tifth of the old eml
nu-nt is St and in*:, with h»)th cuds well dclined. The old levee at both termini
this dike was wasluMl out at sev«'ral places. The dike at outlet No. 3, with the e:
tion of a small d»'prcssi<in about 3 feet wide through the center, was dry at the
and above the water about l» feet, with both ends well detined. From'the abc
will be seen that the srour when the dike jjave way was at its maximum belon
not at the dike sites, thus saving a considerable yardage of earth and leaving a
foundation to work on should the outlets be elos<*d during the coming season.
dike between Hig and l^itth* Honne Idee bayous was cut by some miscreant di
the re<'cnt hi;:h water. an»l I tbund a large force, with mules and scrapers, ch
the oi>ening. Mr. A. Hefner is supervising and doing the work at his own exp
The closure of this opening is very important; as it keeps the floo<l water fron
breaks in Possum Fork L<'vee and from Lake Chicot from in undat ins the highly
tivated lands in this vi<inity. It also turns the whole volume of Big Bonne*^
into its own channel^ whicli. if the outbts are closed, will be very bencftcii
^" APPENDIX V— BEPOKT OK CAPTAIN WILLABD. 1987
Bamf liiVBr. un ucixiuiil of iutU'eused vutume aud ourrout, uiiiuiiiig it tu deepen ut
ihc Bhoiila ImIovt fuiut Jvlt'vvson.
Tlieoffvi'lBuf vbeuutletont PoiDt Ji-nL't-^on on liit'iif River aud coiiti^'iiouB ciiUU
v»im1 Uudii »n hi no w»v iiumiucuonruliU' with tlii> Hiuall nmunut roqiiired to fIuhh
Xhma. Titvit vAvPt wu lite rivi<r i- Ui ili<Hi'.^i ir fniiu iM i-oacvn niid iliHi>el it« avtiO-
llowiii)( wati-n liitn nii iniHrniiu-tbli^ nu:i[ii]>, wUiili norviM uk a drnhtMEe l>Nsiu fur Ili«
rtfWintual Und* routigiii>ii>> tu it; huiI tint Hvit, Uiuh robbed iif its cliannBl-inHlciii);
(briw, ■lioiil" nmI forms drift trups billow tlii' udlluta, destrnyiug nfivijjutidii aud the
flond-watrr mpaHtyofthcatniiuufar over30mil(.»i. TherWiug of mjynue nf IliKsn
iNilliI* will til no innnnnr unbaorvo tbe iinproveuieiit, as tlie cluanre of all thruu will
alono accAnipli»h tlif end dmired.
0«ttol N«. 1, 18,000 cnliiP yards at 25 cent* W.SOO
OatlotND.3, 8,000 cubic yards at 20 oouta 1,600
Onllvt No. 3, IS, 000 riitiic yards at 20 ceuta 3,200
ItupMtliKI 300
9,500
In eounertinn with the above it is to be borne id mind tbat tbe Tork is iaolated
knit Umit#d in extent, and that it will be more diiScult to obtain eartb now than
vheii tlie tint dotinre waa made, and at outlet No. t it will be baideat to procure.
Tht nnlmatfia include eitiiDsiona to join tbe levees and the naual percentage for
■httnkagfi, 30 per cent. With fair wentber all tbe outlets could be cloaed in 30 days.
Tbe liMt upproiuintion provided ^5,000 for " contiuaing improvement,"
»«imi tiMi stiiall U) ;itt«m]»t the dosureof the outlets without assistitnc^
(nim I lie ] I ill- iiit<re^t«:l,aud for this reason it was recommended tbat
if till' ji.ir isli l.\ 11- Iwraid and the owuers of adjacent lands would joia in
and liulp LoiiipU'tf the work the entire appi^jpriation lie applied to that
pariKiie. Tliis was approved, and I wrote to the president of the parish
Pfiiee jury October 11, and t« a prominent planter of that locality
Vtrreinoer 12, inquiring whether the pai-ish aud the people to be bcne-
flWJ by tJie work would subscribe sufficient money to make up tbe
■■usat needed to close all three outlets substantially. To the fii-Ht of
tliHe letters I received no reply, but the answer to tbe latter stated
flu as the parish consisted of ten wards, only one of which was affected
l^Mvcillow, th>- |)oli(o jury refused to make any appropriation ; that
'lifjurr-iilfiit of the State Levee Board had been seen a.iid it was feared
ti>at there would be no help from that source, and that little or nothing
*roW be obtained by individual subscription.
'Rie appropriation became available so late in tbe seasou that it was
lot thought economical to begin any work until the winter and spring
floods should be over, and the water has remained so high this season
">at it wiU be best it) wait until the coming low water. For the reasons
''•ted herein, and because the amount on hand i.s not sufficient to close
■D of the outlets, it is proposed to applytheavailablebalauce after July
\ 1891, to removing obstructions, snags, and leaning trees, and to put
** building the dams uutil an appropriation shall be made for the
Pupose.
tte openings will enlarge somewhat, but it is not expected that there
■ill be any excessive scour through them, so that the estimates of As-
M"t«n Ktigineer Ewen.i will not reqnire much increase. I recommend
• aogle appropriation of $20,000, of which $12,000, or so much thereof
la may be found necessary, may be applied to closing all three outlets
raiiMantiaUy and connecting tliem with the parish levees, applying the
remainder to coutiimiug the work of clearing the banks and removing
liipi Dom the cbanneJ. As the expense of organizing, cost of tools and
outiit KDd administration •will be about the same for an appropriation
a{$5,im> as for $:!0,000 on a stream of this kind, a large appropriation
tan be employed far more economically than a small one.
!^ OF ENQINEEBS, ^. t. i
Information in regard to the slope of the stream can Hot bo given fw
lack of proper surveys. We have but one aectiou determined with anf
degree of accuracy. This is at the bridge of the Vicksbiirg and Shrevc-
port Railroad, near Girard, La., where both the railroad company and
the Signal SOTvlce have kept gauges for several years. The zero of tie
Signal Service gauge is nearly the low water of 1884, but the higU-water
Lmark ia not known. This zero is about 32.25 feet below the top of tin
Uftil at the drawbridge aciosa Boeuf Biver, and corresponds to 72,2 feet
rftn the raikoad company's datum, and to 73.45 feet above the Cairo
*■ datum. As the danger hne is given at 25 feet and the general eleva-
tion of the banks is about 30 feet above zero, and the neighboring lands
are completely flooded in high water, it is presumed that extreme high
water will reach at least 30 feet on the gauge, or 102.45 feet Cairo
datum. The New Orleans and Northwestern Railroad Company, in ap-
plying for approval of plana for abridge across Bceuf Biver, about 2 miles
north of Baj-ville, gave about the same elevation (102.75 feet above Cairo
U^^^ datum] for the high water of 1882. There is nothing defluite known in
^^^■regard to elevations north of these points; the traiisvalley sectiOB
^^^Bmade for railway purposes in 1850, and given on the map of tbe
^^^^EDelta Survey, sliowing an elevation of about 11 feet greater tioino 3H
j^^^V miles above. Approximate high water on the Ouachibi at the nioutk
^B of BcBiif River, about 100 miles below Girard, is 87 feet, and low water
33 feet above Cairo datum, giving a high- water fall of about 16 feet ami
a low-water fall of nearly 40 feet iu 100 miles. These approximate
figures show that at medium and high stages Btenf Biver could be nav-
igated without difficulty if the leaning trees were removed, and that at
low stages a sla^ik-water system on Ouachita River might biujk uji
BcDuf River for about 30 miles. Should a survey of the Ouiwhit* lie
undertaken it might be necessary to include Bcenf Biver, at least u
far as Girard, to determine the water supply and the area that might be
overflowed; and from the information so ohtiuned tlie feasibEhty of
extending the system by one or two locks and dams could be deter-
mined at compai'atively small cost. Fortuaatcly the levels can be nm
with considerable ease over the railroad lines projected and in operation,
so that the chief expense on this account would be iu the topographical
^^^ and transvalley Ones. As part of the general plan for the survey of
^^^L the whole Ouachita Valley it is probable that $6,000 would be sufficient
^^^P for the basin of Bayou Boeuf. Upon tliis understanding, tberi, the fot
^^^P lowing estimate is submitted for the fiscal year ending June 3U, 18ti3;
^^^^ >'or oIoBins S ontletiB neat Point JeSonnn, Morehonse PatJBh .- (lU^OOO
For lemoviiig obati'URtioDs between Wnlliioe Landinj; and Oiini^liita Rivur.. &Q00
For siirvoy of Ba;on Bteiif iii conueotion wltli tlie survey of Ouachita Klvet ^OCH
Total 2C^0Gn
Money statem&iit.
I July 1,1890, bolftopetinaspended K3,l»
Amount appropriated by act approved Septeiubur 1!), 18!NI .■ 5,000.00
_ 5,ma.»
■June 30, 1891, amount enpendud during Secal jcat GfXTI
Pjidy 1, 1891, baliince nneipeodcd 4,971,9
f July 1, 1891, oautanding Uabilitiea 23.V
I July 1, 1891, balance availible 4,»18La
rAiiiutinttliDtdvnIiupriiCiiibl.VL-xpoiidediufiHCJilyoiu'enilinKJuooSO.ieg.t 26,000^1
< Snhmitted in compliaucB witli icquiremeiita ■ '' — " — " -« — ■
I biuboi acta of 18G6 imd 1867.
IT nas reported n&vi^^able from Decembor until Hay,
JAtI of ttraiiib«alt engaged in navigation during tltr year.
Cltt.
1
1
If
Draft.
i
1
Smaa.
1
J
Stern w^eel
3.00
130.0
Ft. Ft.
SS.0 1.0
FLin
B 0
1
Eaton Fiory, L».
8^^ Point iDd
nllM ibovo!
U
S 3
a t
^
^■minarjr effreigkl* r^portti.
laao-'Di.
18gft-'M.
1.TW
17B
r«
I*T«.
3.U8
is
7,8«t
8.«5
Tbe Vicksbnrg, Slireveport nail Pacitic Railroad crosses BcDuf Biver near Oirard,
Lk., and the project«il line of the Kew OtleuiiH and North wee tern RaU way will cross
•bout 1^ miles north of Rayville, La. The Hmistoii, Ccutral Arkansas and Nortbem
Railroad mns parallel to tbe river on the west, and a new line is projected (Louisi-
tna, Arkansas and Missouri Railroad) which will touch the river at several points
DCPBOVEMENT OF TENSAS RIVKR AND BAYOU MA^ON, LOUISIANA.
Tensas River has it« Bounce in Lake Providence, in northeastern
LoDisiana, within 2 miles of the Mississippi Kiver, flows in a general
southerly direction, gradually diverging from the Mississippi, and joins
Ouachita and Little rivers at Trinity, La,, in forming Bla«k River.
Bayou Ma^n waa united uuder the same head of appropriation with
Tensas River by the act of 1884. This stream rises iu Desha County,
■oatheastern Arkansas, near the source of Bceuf River and a few miles
irc^i •■( ilii' -Mi-^i^-iinii. flows in a general southerly direction west of
and nearly i»itnillei to tlie Tensas, and enters the latter about 40 miles
above its mouth.
1
1990 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. S. ARMY.
m
Exaiiiiuations were made in 1880, upon which the plan of impj
meut is based. The project contemplates removing snag», loMj
leaning, timber obstiiieting navigation; in Tensas Kiver, from I>i
La., to its month, at an estimated cost of $23,000; and in Bayou Mi
from Floyd, La., to its mouth, at an estimated cost of $17,000. (Bi
Chief of Engineers, 1881, pages 1457-1467.) The estimates were I
on calculations for continuous work in one low- water season, an
view of the appropriations for the improvement, are without vain
new obstructions are added from time to time. The distance from
las to the mtnith of Tensas has been estimated to about 180 miles
by scaUng from the, best maps of the stream in this office it appea
be 134 miles; and the distance from Floyd, on the Majon, to Tf
River, obt^iined in the same manner, is 98 miles instead of 130.
The following appropriations have been made:
By act of—
March 3, 1881 i
July 5, 1884
August 5, 1886
August 11, 1888
September 19, 181)0 •
Total amount appropriated *
The total amount expended to June 30, 1800, was $15,873.2
which $7,529.25 was applied to improving Tensas and $8,343.99 t
Ma^on. The obstructions were removed as far a^s practicable with
amounts. The principal steamboat traffic is between New^ Orleant
Floyd, and at the close of operations in 1889 the master of the la
boat tlien running in that trade reported that the work had short
the time of trips 12 hours.
Owing to the late appropriation and high stages of water di
the greater ])ortion of the time since, no work was done during th
cal year ending June 30, 1891. It is intended to commence opera
as soon as practicable, and it is probable that the entire amount f
able will be expended before winter.
Two steamboats have been sunk in these streams this seasoi
JT. J. Dickey^ 208 tons, in Bayou Ma5on,'and the Danube^ 232 toi
Tensas Kiver. The latter has been raised, but the former is a w
The underwriters were given a reasonable time to save cargo anc
chinery, and the huU will be destroyed with dynamite when opera
are resumed.
Gauges should be established on both of these streams on the 11
the Yicksburg and Shreveport Eai\^*oad, both to ascertain their ris<
fall and to give information to steamboat men. The cost of the se
should not exceed $200 a year for each.
The alteration of the bridge of the New Orleans and Norihwe
Railway at Daniels Ferry, on Tensas River, has not been comp]
High water throughout the year is given as the reason for tlie d
but while the fact can not be disputed, it is well understood tha
company is unable to go on. If the piling is not removed whei
work of improvement reaches Daniels Ferry, it will be blasted or p
out.
A gauge at the bridge would be useful, and it is probable that '
the company is reorganized the bridge tender will be required to
observations. The gauge could be put up and set to Cairo datont
cost of about $20.
^^^■^ APPENDIX V — ItEPOHT OF CAPTAIN WILLAED. 1991 '
^^H Money utalement.
^^otyl, 18«), lialnuM iiueipemluit St26.T6
j%.^noant*p(iTopriiit«dl)y act approved SeptomlKit IS, 1880 5^000.00
J«^y 1, IWI. balanre imeipeuded S,12S.7B<
jasl;I, lt«l, oulaUudJDg liabilities .28
J^bIjI, 1«1, balance aTaUable 5,126.48
{Jlnount (MtiinBt4!d) rennii'ed for cample tinn of cisbtine proji-irt IB, 000. 00
Jtmnniitt)iBlCBnl>npnit{tnb)yex)ieutle(linitHiMi1.v(iarrnilin^Jiini.-30,16tl3 10,000.00
Submitted in comnlinocn with the luouircinc-iitB of fiirctiuuB 2 uf rivec
Hd harbor Mta of 1S66 tu>d 1867.
COMMKIICIAL STATISTICS.
tittt atrvaiUH were nnvigable the entire year.
JMvf tie^wAeaU mgtLftd in navigation of Ttniat and Mapm ditring fiuat yearli
Dnft.
)Nrv Orlnmi. I:
FnlBbta.
IBW-'Il.
1889- 'M.
i88a--».
fei^=
'
Jbn..
. a.7«i
378
Ton,.
Ton,.
"S
a; 000
5;2iB
ift,oa«
13, MO
•"■""
""■"
|1,IM,]«»
la Siver near Daaiels Ferty, Concordia PariBh, La.
1992' REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Vg.
IMPROVEMENT OV lUYOl'S RONPEWAY AND VIDAL, LOl'ISIANA.
Bayous Koiuleway and Vidal form a draiiiajre canal for the low law
between the Tensas and Mississippi rivers in the vieinity of Lake P«
in>Ta, an old channel of the Mississii)pi ai*ound Davis Island, 23 mil
below Yicksburg, cut oft* in 1807. Bayou Bondeway joins Tensas Riv<
nciir Dallas, La., and, tending in a general southeasterly direction, wi
connei'ted ai-tificially with Lake Palmyra about 8 miles from it« entraiM
into the Mississippi by a cut known as Harpers Canal. From th
l)oint, tending in a southeasterly direction, the name is changed 1
Jiayou Vidal, which forms a connection with the Tensas through Mi
J^ayou.
In accordance with the river and harbor act of August 2, 1882, a
examination of thesi* streams was made in 1882, and in view of the coi
of the Wink and the small amcmnt of commerce to be benefited theofl
cer in charge reported adversely on their improvement. (Rei>ort Chi«
of Engineers, 1884, pages 1347-1351.)
Furtlier examination was rc(piired by river and harbor actof Angat
5, 1880, and was made in tlM» spring of 1887, when it was learned thj
the Stat<» of Louisiana intiMided buiUling a new levee, which would ci]
ott' thesubayous entirely from the Mississippi, and they would receiv
water from the Tensas only when it was high and run dry in low wate:
It was recommended, however, that ^1.000 !)e expendedinremovingol
stnu'tions, (•hi<»tly liMUiing tnM's, from the canal and that part of Bayo
Vidal remaining oi)en between Lake Palmvra and the line of levee nort
of the lake. (KciMMt Cliii^f of Kngineers, 18S7, pages 1497-1498.)
The river and liarbor art <>f August 11, 1888, api)ropriated 91,000 fc
this pui*i)ose which was cxi»cnded during the fiscal year 1889 in carr
ing out the project. A ftcr completion of the work the canal waselmme
as private pi-oiMM-ty, and the owner issue<l noti<*e that toll would be co
leettMl on freights passing through. This canal or cut was made, befoi
the old levee system along t\w w^st shore of the IxMid broke down, t
conn<H*t r»ayou Vidal with Lake Talmyra for the i)uri)osc^ of drainin
the swam]) abov(», and of late yi^ars has b(H»n used feu* the navigabl
route from the lake into the bay<>u, the old line of the bayou havin
becouK* obtructcd by fallen timlMU' and stumps. In my annual repoi
for 1889 I reconmiended reoixMiing th(**old bayou to save the steambos
intei'cst from the im]H>sition of the tolls exacted. Tlie act of Septemb<
19, 1S90, appropriated *1.<HK) for this puriH>se.
The work can be done at low water only, and for this reason was d<
ferred until the Mississipi>i reached a low stage. Oi>erations were con
menced June 22, 1S«M, by the chopjnng party transferred fh>ni Bi
Black River, and continued until the end of the year, at which time39
leaning trees had been cut.
Monrif sfafvmcut.
Ainoiiiit appropviatiMl by act approvo*! Sopt«Miibor 19. 1800 $1,000.(
June 3(X 1891. amount oxpciKlt^l during tisral year llfi.(
July 1. 1891. balance unexpeuilecl 88S.!
Jnly 1. IS91. (Mitstandin^ liabilitirs .(
July 1, 1891, balan<e availabK* 88S.S
Appendix t — beport of captain wtllaed.
1993 '
' Ijiko fnlmyrji is narigaliTi- for khiiiU Imata to N«w Cartliiljifl, ikt mnritli iif Diiyoa
I TMil, t>wpt At luwrflt iit»g<^ of thi> MJKsiHsippi. Daring Iiigli wotir Uitne bouts
■ jninta Bafou Viilnl to Koiins Iiaudiug.
LUl <(f Mlerit-iehtel sleaaihoali fagagtd in naeigalioti.
W.il 3!.*
■3.0 'lg.4
UL2 nil
.,1,
Not ranort''d.
Brvou* l!<>iiil.-wny and Tidnland
Maw (jrlnuin,
Vicksbarg, Uiu., wd Hew Cmr-
tluer, |ji,,aiidlnt«Ba]raiiV1dal
■r Ltolhtrr banwd In Novombpr, ism, and «11 twonli «
Summarji o/caiHinem rtporUd.
PmitU*.
ISBU-m.
ISO-TO.
bte
Tani.
m
'^•frn
e,0(«
7.15II
tmi.K,a
.If tnftmiMtioii hnd licnii roiuiileti-, tlic I'niiinmi'ne of the pBHt year probably wonld
**<'« bMU u mucb, if not gn^ntKr tliun that «f fiscal ypar 1889.
CMPROVEMENT OF Itlfi HLAfK RIVER, MISSISSIPPI.
Iliis stream rises in Webster Ccniiity, Miss., flows in a general Rontli-
i*^t*r]y (lirectiou and enters Mis-sissippi River at Grand Gulf, 37 miles
^^low Vicksbarg, having a leiigtii estimated to be about 400 miles.
J jf^-An examination was made by the IJnitetl States in 1881 (pages 1565-
^"70, Eeport Chief of Engineers, 1882), and the project contemplated
J^aring a channel suitable for navigation at high stages by tlie removal
^P Biiags, logs, wrecks, leaning timber, etc., from Cox's Ferry to the
^*«)Qth, about 130 miles, at an estimated cost of $32,000.
The following appropriations have been made:
^y»rtof—
JnlyS, 188* $5,000
AnenBtS. 1886 5,000
The first of these apiinipriutionj^ was expendeil in IS84-'S5, when a
k Onpping party removed the principal obstructions for a diatance of
1994 kEPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGtNEEKS, U. S. ARM7.
about 75 miles al>ove the mouth. The act of 1880 required tluit no jv;
of the appropriation should be used until the State of Mississippi cam
the bridjros south of the Vieksburg and Mendian Kailroad to be bo ct
strueted as not to obstruct navigation. The bridges referred to wt
the Louisville, New Orleans, and Texas Railway Bridge, about 15 mi
above the mouth; a county bridge at Ivanhoc Ferry, al)out 50 mi
above the mouth : and a county bridge at Baldwin Ferry, about 70 mi
above the mouth. The tixed railway bridge was changed to a swi
bridge in 18S0, in aci^onlance with an act of the State legislature, 1
Ivanhoe Bridge has been replaced by a ferry, and the only one remaiiii
to obstruct navigation is that at the crossing called Baldwin Ferry, abc
1^5 miles by river below the Vicksburg and Meridian Railroad Bridj
The river and liarlwr act of September 10, 1800, removed the restr
tion contained in the act of 1880 and authorized the expenditure of t
appropriation. The project was modified to include only the portion
the river below the Bahiwin Ferry Bridge to the mouth, and operatic
during the tiscal year were as follows:
The United States snag boat Hooker was brought from Monroe, L
for use on this work, and a barge purchased at Vicksburg and fitted
for quarters of a chopping party, and the HooTcer^ with the barge in to
entered Big Black January 24. The river from the mouth to the Lou
ville, New Orleans and Texas Railway Bridge was in good conditic
above the bridge to Ivanhoe Ferry there was considerable leaning timb
and from Ivanhoe to Fisher Ferry it was imiK)Ssible, at places, for t
steamer to pass until large, overhanging trees were cut. Fisher Fei
was reached January 27, and as it was found impracticable for the sn
boat to priH'eed further, the chopping party commenced work above tk
l>oint. Finding that the Booker could be used to advantage no longer.
was returned to Vicksburg and laid up February 7. The chopping pai
continued upstream until February 28, when work was 8topi>ed by hi.
water. By the end of March the water had fallen sufficiently to resui
oi)erations, and the chopping party was reorganized and the boat work
upstream to Baldwin Feny Bridge. From there the work was carri
downstream to a short distance below the Ivanhoe Ferry, and as t
funds were getting low it was deci<led early in June to apply the an
able balance to getting the quarter-boat out of the river and breaki
up jams of drift on the way. The boat reached the mouth of the ri\
June 18, and was towed to the mouth of Bayou Vidal, La., June 20, i
use on the improvement of that stream. Cutting leaning timber ^
the principal work done, as the stream is navigable at high stages on.
and then there is sufficient depth over the logs in the channel. Sai
bars and gravel beds are too extensive and numerous to justify tin
removal to i)ermit the ])assage of the smallest boats at low stages. T
st ret rli of river worked over during' the past year, from the Bald^
Bri<lge to Ivanhoe Ferry, was the most obstructed, as but little wo
had been done on it under the former appropriation. The following
a sunnnary of the work reported :
Sna^rs aiul lo«:s removed from ohniinel
.lams removoil
Side jams rfiimvod ;
Drift piles miujvnl
Leaning trees <-iit 1%*
Brush win^-dams Imilt
It is difficult to form an ojiinion as to what benefits, if any, wfll
derived from coutinuiiig tlio ini]>rovemeiit of this stream. At presc
the business <»onsists chi*»tiy of saw logs rafteil out of the river tt
staves brought down in barges, with occasional trips of very
i.PPElCDIlE V — RBPOBT Of Ci.nAiS WlLLAfiO.
Hloniiiers. It is stated, bowevcr, that prior to the bnililiiij; orniilioads
lHrj;o (^nnntities of cotton and produce weire sliipi)ed out of tlie river in
flat and ke«l boat^.
^Vhik' Ibe river is irithiii a short distance of Vicksburg, and the en-
tire portion on wbinh any improvement is coiitemplfttcd at present is in
Warren County, it is acee&sible only at tbn-e i>r four ]niii)t8, mid over
verylwwi roadaiu wet weatlier, and priKlii.Mll,v is williiiiil tij:Lil l;n.-ilities.
For tliene reasons tbe coat of gettiuf; .•.iippliis. :niii -il" iiis|]iTiiou and
«uperltit«iidence, are inei'eased very i-ciiMidoi ality, iitid il i-^ ri'coin mended
tliat if any fUrtber work Jie done the approjiriution hn tinthcii-ut to i-om-
Jilete all tliat is required in one low-water season. Tbe expenditure of
(10,000 would clear the banks tlioroughly from the Baldwin Bridge to
ihe inouth, after which fVirtber work should not be required until the
Hinouiit ol'eommerce is sufficient to justify a more extensive improve-
lUL-nt by Ihe removal of obsti'uctions in the channel.
Money statement,
Jnly I. 1800. biilance nnoxpcudeil 95, 000. 00
JtiiicSO. ItSOl. HiuoTuit expendnl during liecnl yi-ia 4,735.23
Jnljrl, 1891. liulaavennexntinded 264.77
Jolyl, l(»l.oulBt«ndingliHliilities 30.96
Jnlj 1. 1891,b»l»apeavaUaWe 343.81
{Amount (Mtimiitcil) required for completion of eKielioKprojert 10,000.00
Aii««uitlhnt(nnl)eprnfital>lyeipen<l<!ain«si:alyearoudinBjmie30, 18iK( 10,000,00
t<:u)nuitl<-<1 in i-<)rapliun<-e with teqninjiueuU of section* 2 of tivcraud
harlKir >ii-ts of 1^ and 186T,
LUt 0/ tteamboatt engaged
n natigati
" 0/ Big JJIoefc Eirer /or Ji^cal if.Tic 1S91:
Clua.
I
4
1
i
DniK. [
■-
n™..
1
1
Belw«n whHt rlncM.
t^B-Sar^nl
St«n-wh«»l
85. M
MM
Ft.
FL
i.3
Ftm.
Ft. In.
1 Virfe«l.urg im.l FIsLcrs
trip.,
po
^
SHmmary o/commercf reporleil, I890-'91.
Ton*.
CToKon 13
^'otton seed II
X^nmlier 2
gim.e* 471
*^vwL0D8 22
'Gram _ 10
fe»wloga 9,449
Total freights 9, 978
%sliinat«d Tslae in ronnd nnmliera *72,000
Tlnf Alabamn and Vicksljur^ Kailniiv crosaes Big Jtiiick, on a fiied bridge, 13 niilcB
*Ml of Vii;kalinrg. The Louis vill.', Suw Orlcanii aad Texas KaUway crosses, on »
■vin^ biid|[e, aboot U mUea above Uiu mouth.
V ^H
IMPEOVEMEKT OF YAZOO ElVEK MISSISSIPPI. I
■ Yazoo River, about 173 miles long, is formed hy tho junction of Xl|
lahatcliee and Vallabuslia rivers in Le Flore County, Mies., flows inj
geueral souttierly and then sou tli westerly direetion, and enters Misii
sippi Eiver 5 miles above Vicksbmg.
An exaniiuation of wrecks of gunboats, steamerH, and otberobetn
tfons placed in tlie river during the war was made by tbe 0iiit«d Sta|
in 1873 (pages 483, 484, Report Cliief of Engineers, 1873), and a furtll
examination was made in 1874 ({tages 364^67, Rejjort Chief of £n|
neexs, 1874). The project contemplates the removal of wrecks, loi
snags, and leniiing timber wtucli obstruct navigation througfaoat H
entire length of the river. New obstructions caused by floods, slidq
banks, etc., are brought into thertvereveryyear, !iudnoestimat«eli«1
been ma<le for permanent improvement on this account.
The following appropriations have been made:
By act of —
March 3, 1873 »40,(
March 3, 1875 12,1
Augnst 14, 1876 15,3
JnnelS, 1B78 3&,i
March 3, 1879 li|
Juno 14, 1880 ia.i
March 3, 1881 ««
August 2, 1882 £1
July 5,1884 jft.i
Augusts, 188G 15,1
Augnatll, 1888 32,1
Septemher 19, 1890 35,*
Total amount approprinl-ed Sl^l
The wrecks of nine steamboats, sunk during tlie war, were removj
by contract in 1873-'74. Experience gained by thia work showed tU
the improvement could be continued more economically by nteaiid ot
snag boat operated with hired labor, and in 1875 and 1877 the UiuU
Stiites snag boivt 0, Q. Wagner was employed in removing wrecks a
other obstructions. In 1879 the snag boat Jokn R, Meiga Wfw ooi
pleted, and the principal work since has been done with that Ixij
The amount expended to June 30, 1890, was *i8(i,87G.13. \
In the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, operations were as follows:
GEKEUAL IMPBOVEMENT.
Owing to lack of funds fof ;;ctiii;.l iiii|iiiiM-rin'iit ul'-thc river, o\>t%
tious had to be deferred unlil ullrr (!ir ;n'l .>r Si.|>ft. inluT 19, 1^
After some minor repairs, iIji- I'liitvil st;iii>s suiij; ln,;il Mrig» , ]*.}
StaiT master, left Vicksburf? Oi'tnlicr liO, and ciiUTi'd VaKun Rivera^
commenced tne removal of obstructions, consisting mainly of tree slid^
Work was carried up to the mouth of Tallahatchee, which was reaclu
October 31. During November the boat was employed in Tallabab^
Eiver, but returned to Yazoo in December, aud was brought to Viclj
burg December 2. Some minor repiiiia were made, aud the boat I
turned to work December 7. CoL 0. E. Comstoek, Division En^n<^
aud myself, accompanied by Assistant Engineer Ewens, nmdea tiip j
inspection as far as Linden, 11 miles above Yazoo Citj', and thence b«
to Tazoo City, where we left the boat December 8. The M«ig» oQ
PM^-Ulk. ky A. NOCN 4 CO.. Baito.
IKT OF CAPTAIN WILLAED. 1997
Lftd np tilt' river, rcnmving obatnictions, arrived at the mouth of
lUa lAki^ l>erembpr 10, «ii(l was employe-)! in that stream until tbe
I. BetuniiiiR t«i YazcM) Dwembei- 'Ji. tlio boat eoramettced work on
river side of Honey Ixlaiid and contliined upstream to Just Over,
jh wan reatlipd December 24, Hy that time the river had begun to
rapidly, and the Inmt turnwl back, breaking side jams and cutting
ing tm-s OH the way down, and reiiched Vicksburg Deeember 30,
mttuued high water fmm .lanuary until the latter part of May pre-
xd any wofk.
udco' aniliority of the Chief of Engineern the Meigs was transferred
il 1 to Captain To*nsend, Cori)a of lingineerti, for use on levee work
M Third IHatrict, Mississipjii River, and was returned io this dis-
D Ibe 2il of Juno the .\fei{is repunu-d operations in Yazoo River and
jtraud w|wU*<'ani until .Tune l,"i, when it entered TallHhat4^hee, and was
lioyed nntil .hnie 2l(, Heavy rains caused both rivers to rise at this
», and an th«* work conld not be continued to advantage the Meiga
iraod to Vick»bnrg and laid up June 25 to await a lower stage,
bo following is a summary of the work done by the Meiff* in Yazoo
or doriug the year:
[■pntki] 307
ii|NIiullnl 31
inaiovMl fruin dinitni'l 65
ijMW teiuoveil 10
raHMgscut 16
ttincttcearnt 633
M^ldlod 8*
!h0 snag boat Meiga is in good order so fiir as tlie hull, machinery, and
lin ire concerned, but a new iron deck is needed around the boilers
en a woollen deck was put it when tlie boat wa.s built, and an iron
k att the maiu engines in the space used for blacksmith shop. The
t of this work is C8timatt!d at $1,200. New boilers will be required
!i!b 2 years, the cost of which, including taking doivu the old cas-
8, pipe work, and covering, is estimated at $2,500.
Tie Meiga is too large to ^ used economically for chopping parties
1 bank work alone, aud therefore for general use in Yazoo and tribu-
T streams I recommend a flatboat about 75 feet by 22 feet by 4 feet,
!i steam capstan or hoisting engine, and crane or shears, and a deck
8e to accommotlate a party of about 20 men. The estimate for the
t, machinery, tools, rigging, and outfit is $3,000, and for 4 months'
ice is $4,000.
be hull of the immping dredge has rottc<l so mnch tliiit tlie^ scams
not be kept culked tight, and as there is no pla<;e near by wh'ei-c tlio
t could l>e hauled out tor repair, it will be most economical to build a
■ hull. An appropriation of $2,500 is recommended for this purpose.
o give a clear idea of the extent of country drained by Ya^oo and
Tibutaries, and the amount of navigable water ways impaired by the
at the mouth of the system, I submit a map of Yazoo Basin and a
et giving the limits of high and low waters in Yazoo River, derived
D the best information attainable without an extended survey. Tlie
) shows a high-water navigation of over 1,200 kilometers (800 miles),
ch could be increased to 1,600 kilometers (1,000 miles) by a eompar-
'ely small outlay; and it is probable that a low-water navigation of
east 600 kilometers (400 miles) conld bo maintained if the entrance
ilississippi River were open and free. This hydrograph is very re-
iutble. It shows at once that Yazoo River must have a moderate
imifonn slope at all stages, and that even in extreme floods the cut-
I
ii
tj
I-
rent cau never attain deatructive ^pcei), timet cmpUa^izing the stM^l
ment in former reports that Yazoo is an ideal uttream. WitJi a wr ' ■
manent navigable entrance to Mississippi Giver, cheap transportrnkiM
could be hiid the year round for a large part of this sj'Hteni, exteadin^m
int^i Tallaliiiti-Iiee, Big Snuflower, Tclnila Lake, and Yallabusha Birer.-<|
It is siife tio say that uo expensive worka, such as locks and dams, tn^- 1
iug wails, or dikes, will uver be needed in Yazoo Biver, and that bat J
little revetment will be rcriuired. The channel is uniform iu Beetion ' j
and bankH geuprally above overflow, except from Mismssippi Kiver if Hie 1
levees should break, danger froui which is dimiDishing year by year. I
Increased security from floods and iTuproved facilitieA for moving ore$a J
and getting supplies are drawiug planters and small farmers iromtbe I
hill counties and beyond into this fertile valley, and raili-oads are pa-
etrating it in all directions to compete for the growing trade. Liberal
appropriations for 2 or 3 yearn to permit systuiimtic clearing of the
biuiks and removing logs fiom the tributary channels would !<rimalate |
the »<ettling of the valley and bring large returns to the people in keep^ ;
ing freiglit rates within reasonable bounds.
The maps and liydrographs will be corrected and atiieinltd from time I
t4f time as more definite information is obtained. Tbe bottom of Uib j
river and the limit>s for bottom choids of bri<iges, tlmt nisiy be required
as the valley develops, should be determined and rcfen'ed tu tlie same
datum plane. For these objects, and a« a part of a general plan for
improving Yazoo River, a system of gauges should be estalilished at
the principal towns and the mouths of the large tributaries, eventually
forming an extension of the water gauge«i on Mississippi River naA
tributaries eatabliabed by Joint resolution of February, 1«71. Such
gauges would be of immediate value in tirae^f flood to the people liv-
ing in the valley, and of special value to the interests of navigatteOj
enabling steamboat men to load their boats at low water so as tu avoia
detentions at the shoals. By connecting the gauges with the i)aixo
datum value would begiven to a mass of information in regard to flood
heights,dischaige, etc., of former years. The principal cost of the work
would be in the leveling and estabhshing the gai.^.'H, bulletins, mi
peimanent monuments. The estimates for the fiscal year are $1,500 tat
estahlisliing ttie gauges and bulletins and pay of observers, and $3,50(1
fiu- leveling between stations and permanent monuments.
PKOGRESS BEPORT.
Tim item of appropriation by act of September 19, 1890, contaii^
allotment of $ri,0(H) to " be used in makuig a survey of the YazoaTl
from the bridge of the Louisville, Hew Orleans, and Texas B^Iir
its mouth, for the purpose of determining in what manner the mot
the river can he so improved as to freely permit the passage t'
the same at all seasons of the year of vessels engaged in the i
tion of the river; and said survey shall also include an inveati
into the feasibility and advantages of making a new mouth or ouil
said river by way of Chickasaw Bayou, or otherwi.-ie, together y '
estimate of the cost of the name,"
A party was organized under Assistant Engineer H. M. Mu«ld
Boon as practicable alter the approval of the project reiinired byj
and work began iu tbe field October '29, and continued until D©c^
■ipPENWJC V — ^RBPOBT OF CAPTAIN WILLAKD. 1999
high wat«r compelled suH))ension of operafaons. The rivei-s
lainiMl loo high siuce then to allow the conipUitiuu of tLi' field
ipecially at the mouth, niuL work will not be resumed until
ipi Biver ahiiU have fallen to a, stage below 20 mctvisii Cairo
r about 10 fi^pt on the Vickabiirg (KJeiiistou) gauge.
ilay in getting the inlornialiou at the mouth of the river sptiui-
qniretl by the act, and which involves not over a week's work
rapby and sonudiiiga, prevents any discussion of the problem,
I ^[icd that tbe river will tall early iu the season, so that a
eport may hn submitted in time tor the action of the river and
BiDinittce. The maps arc finished, except the last sheet, and
ff and the uot«a of levels, ei-oas sections, and profiles ai'e in
r plot ting.
>Ht of the survey retiuired the IVill amount of the allotment
the boriugs contemplated in the project, and as they will be
y for the ptiriwso of final estimates, itis to be regretted that
unount of the estimate, $8,000, was not given for the survey,
nonld appear feasible to divert Ya^^oo Eiver through Chickor
on, Thompson Lake, or through a canal oii a shorter line, it
nportant to know the ehara«ter of the bottom along these lines
^ of from 'JO ti) M feet, the sum of $2,500 is recommended for
ose. lleprodueing the uiBps aud sections ou a .'iidtable si^ale
ing drawings will require $500.
DETAJtKO ESnMATKS HIK I-ISGAI. YKAR 1893.
loni ha' service $12,000
months in ordiuarv 1,800
roaderka 1,300
Mft-lboilcre 2,500
ritli stHUU-paniT 3,000
nontha' KCTviM 4,000
br pamuing droitice 3,600
montha mrark with wme 1,500,
US mill iDaintiiiniiig gaufiieN 1,500
jn.-veliiig, niouimitiits, etc 3,500
iilr\iiiuiuutioiishiC't>uuri'llonu-itli hiivcy of Loner Yazoo Kiver. 2,600
iig iiin|M of Bnrvey 500
lUBCB, incidental lepaira, tools, oiitlit, a,uil tuutiugencies 3,000
40,000
Money utatcment.
I
i, amount expended during flsoal year 14,780.9
», balance available : 13,320.38
thatcanlieprofitablycspendcil ill fiscal yeiirendiiigJuno30,18.t3 40,000.00
eil in coiupliance with rciinircuiuuts of sectiona ^ of river and
ra<l«ofl«66andl867.
luuts espi'iided during the fiscal year were:
il impmveniciit, rare of pluiit, ntc $9,811.32
ind dredge boat 327. 27
>y below Louisville, New Oricans and Tcxaa Hail road Bii<ljjo .. 4,tH2, 31
U 14,780.90
2000 BKPOKT or TUi: C'UlEt' OF ENGINEUKS, U. 8. ARMY. *
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
Karigntioii of Yuzoo River from boaittu mouth wus atiiutrri'iiptod iu tlicputl»«
Lhl 0/ bvull Ihal narigalrd Ta:oo SirtT in Jiteal gear 1S91.
1
I>n.fl». 1 i_
"3 1
K««L
1
1
1
5
1
i
1
Betwmi w)ut placei.
Addle £,I'-at»o»'...
..24I.M
i3.VBait.tt
Ft.'FI.In
t-^
33
YiikKburc imd head ol Tu«>
...iln...'
Vai<»> City and Bdiona
?«»;■":.::
'.'.'\<ii.-.* iii:i.-]-:il -iy Ik
i J
ff
»-
LalteCily
..;a..«o;..o.,«.al w
3 a, «)
Crown l'.«iif
HmKuuham*
..■1W.U i;3.(.25.0 4.S3 S « 4' ^
..i;8.r.; sa.4i.Mt 3.9 1 g 1 ft si
Vl,k,.l».n:uidGre«nw<»d
VlrkiliorR nod Yim City...,
Vi.lt-l,urB imd SaOrtla - . „. ...
XiilvhM and Anthonyi Fony.:.
HUlCitr-
J.B.OBri™(liig)..
i
...'.'
1 n
4 o'(«^
... V i
::=z
5nBiiH'irj 11/ vommerct reported.
A,-M,.W
■—
ITS
IV-
i--
^-
Eifer. Mul Steele l!i.v.m, which WM
■ III-' llivtT. I'l'linliiTjiki
tlinHII-ll YUBW KiYW .
HijSnnfloww
Total wflfht. Yai
BatJmatnt vuliu-. I
In tliB 6Ht'-al yriir 18SI0 tlifi comiii.Trc u^jf
anuinnt<Hlto63.iir>3 Ihiih. AVith tlieluiiiliurui
bwii iin'roniiod io Xl.lil tcus,
Tho U«nTj;iul'a<'in<' DiviMJonof thn Rkbuuinil tiud Uanvillu ltiiilni:i(Urogwu Ita^^
River nt Fort Lnrin^. r> inili-ti ftttm lirceiiwiHiil. nml tbu Louinvillc, >'uw OtUkiuac^
TexnsKailway rniSM-Niiliiint \Ti milen nlwvi' tb« iiiixitb. Tho liitturroadliaBabnUH^
from Claiksdulr fn .Miiitrr I'ity on Iht' Tulliibiit<'1ii-i>, wlikh will be extended doi^
thefitrpam tn Um-nwiHHl. 'l\v> Yuxoo 1lniui-h uf tlm IltinoiH Cuntral BaUroad. bo- -
ParsouB nn tlie Yiill.'ihnKhii lu .Itii'ltsiiii. )[iKii., iiiiir iiunillcl to tho river, tonelibig ^
lirc'euwood, Sidnn. T'lmln, iinil Yii/i>o City, niut lins a tup lino from Tchnla to tl::^
main lino at I>ur:iui,
r
-BKPOKT OF CAPTAIN WILLARD,
IMPROVEMENT OF TCUULA LAKl^, MISSISSIPPI.
i«t and imn-owt.«t channel of Yazuo River whei-e it divides ia
Httiiov Island i« called Tulmla L;iko ov River. It lies wholly
[nlnicn I'diiiity, Miw«.. (mil is nlmut (iO miles loiig. Honey I»-
itwiil HMi luii.-s :iiii>\(i the iittiiitli 111' Yazoo Elver, ami fertiJ^
HIS jiiiii "III- :iiiiir!ifr iitmiH its l.;iiik«, theb' estimated aoiiuM"
beiiij; iilKHit L'O.IHMI bules ol' cuttou.
^fular Yuzoo luid Tallaliatcliee steaiuboata make trips through
when the water is high euougli. An esaminatioii of TchiUa
8 made by the Uuited Stat«s in 187d, and the principal obatnic-
navigat ion were found to be si]ag» and logs in the lower part and
Ijmber and nbore siia^^ along both banks from the foot to the
the island. (Ke]H>rt('hief of Kugiueers, 1880, pagesl350. 1351.)
ect (-Aiitomplated removal of these obstructions to permit light-
itn to enter the lako earlier iu the season. The estimated cost
000, if all the work should be done in one low-water season,
ipropriations have b(-eii us follows:
I 3, 1881 $8,000
113,1883 a,50O
i. im 1,600
II B, W86 2,000
>■ II, 1888 3,000
jibcr IS, 1890 3,000
(1 ninniinl npptopridtwi 15,000
was commenced iu 1881 and continued in 1882, 1884, 1886, 1887,
>, and the obstructions were removed as far as practicable with
lints appropriated.
tions in the fiscal year 1691 were as follows:
itited tltates snag boat John R. Meigs, P. B. Starr master, eii-
^ mouth of the lake December 10 and workexl up to the head,
s snags, tree slides, and all the heavier obstructions. On the
k the most obstructive brush arul leaning trees were cut until
T rose too high for continuing such work to advantage. The
it left the lake December 20 suid resumed operations in Yazoo
e next day.
lluwing iri a summary of the work:
l«i .: 58
illed 1
ived from channel 11
rds willowa and bniflb i.-tit 660
:incipal work now needed it* the clearing of trees and brush from
:8. The brush has grown so rapidly and to sueh an extent that'
places tile i-lcar channel scai'coly exceeds 'A feet in width, and
is gi-owth may iLot be very dangerous U> navigation at present,
es passing vessels and latches diift and should be removed
Illy as siMtii ;is jiossibte. This work can be done to advantage
ages only, and it is intende^l to put a chopping party in the lake
NG 91 126
I
2002 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS; U. 8. ABUT.
as soon as there is a reasonable prospect of continued low water.|
is probable that the balance available will be expended before fiuL
The work is of such nature that it must be gone over to remo[fi
obstructions that are added from time to time, but by the expend
of $6,000 in one low-water season they can be removed so tiioroi
that nothing further will be needed fbr several years.
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance nnexpended $1, •
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 3, i
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 1,:
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended , 3,1
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal vear ending June 30,1893 6, (
Submitted in compliance with requirements oi sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
When the water is high enough Yazoo River steamboats run through thq lal
List of steamboats that navigated Tchula Lake in fiscal year 1891,
Kame.
Stem-wheel steamboats —
Addie £. Faison ....
Blanks Com well —
o
H
241.5
232.4
i
Feet.
135.0
140.0
5
Feet.
30.6
29.0
4)
Feet,
4.9
4.6
Draft.
Light.
Ft. In.
2 2
2 2|
Loaded.
Ft. In.
5 0
5 2
Nnm-
ber of
passen-
gers.
70
tlO
Knmber of
trips made \
tween what
10, through tl
16, throagh tli
Summary of commerce reported.
I
Articles.
Cotton
Cotton seed
Live stock
Lumber
Staves
Provisions
Grain
Miscellaneons
ToUl freight
Estimated valne, in round numbers
18
The Yazoo branch of the Illinois Central Railroad, from Parsons, on the Yallabnf
Jnrkson, Miss., runs parallel to the lake, and alHo has a tap line from Tchula to th<
line at Durant, and has diverted a large amount of the business formerly done by e
boats.
' — REPORT OF CAPTAIN' Wn.LARD. 2003
V 13:
mPROVKMliXT or TALLAIIATOHEK RIVER. MISSISSIPPI.
Tlelifiul wittem of tliis river svre in Tippah County, in northern Mia-
iHlpjii. n'lieiir*' it flwwi* in a general wmtliwesterly direction throiigli
iwMinliw* of Union, La Payette, Panola, joins Coldwat*>r River in
^bniii, and then, as the main utieani flows, in a eontherly direction
Innjh Talluhntchf^ and Ia; Flore eounties, and unites with Yalliibu-
biofnruiing Yiiz<jo Hiver,
Ad pxaniiiiation waa ma<le hy the ITnited Stiites in 1870 (pages
IHWB, K.?|iort Chief of Engineerp, 1873). The project based thereon
niauijiLited the removal of tinafr^, sunken logs, and leaninjr timber
bfflmi-liiiK Ion-water navigation below the mouth of Coldwater, and
te wrwk i)f thB Bteamer Star of tlie Went, S miles above the mouth, at
leHtisuitMl root of $40,000. An ailditiouiil examination was made In
WHlwgro 1323-1323, Ueimrt Chief of Engineers, 1H80).
The Tullowing appropriationH have been niiule for this work:
FMIrf-
MmpIiS, iMTa •. to, 000
Jow It, tfifo 9.000
IUn,<h3,tWl 3,000
ii*Mia. itftu 3.000
My Ms*! .■ 3,000
(biil»l5. IWG 3,500
inpirtll, 188M 5.000
S■P^Ml^pr 19. 1S90 5,000
TM*1 luiuuut uppnipriaU'd ST.SOO
TorkwiuH iK-guii in IS7!>. inul (-oitfiiui.-d in 1880,1881,1882,1884,
W^ U»7, and i88». r:nts .,r il,r ;i|,propriationa of 1880 and 1881,
•1 »n of that for 1882 (a l.ila] ..I sin.diHi), wereexpended on the Little
NWi*tehee above the montli oi ('iildwater to Bateaville, as requred
flheat'tn, but this partof tlie«trfiam was not included in the ori^nal
n>j«t or estimate of cost. To the end of the fiscal year 1890 all other
■ork va»toiilined to the river below Sharkey Landing, and resulted
I the ri-niftval of a large number of obstruirtiona, to the great benefit
r ijavigHtioii. Before the inii»rovpTiiont commenced the river was nav-
»l>k aliout 6 montlisof the year; Itoats now nui to Sharkey the year
""<I.ILe only serious detention being at the mouth of Yazoo Eiver.
n-v'"' ^^^ fi!**'al yejir operations were as Ibllows:
"niletlie original project for this stream contemplated work up to
fjnnttion of the Little Tallehatchee and Coldwater, little or nothing
•* '•eeii done above Sharkey, since 1882, for the reason that steam-
"isilid not go above that hmdin^^ except to make occasional trips
to t'ii)<]n.jit^r River during high stages, when navigation was as good
ul iibout as safe as in the lowt'r part of the stream. In the last year
* ^'Mmboatmen asked that snagging operations be extended above
'^'■^Py to the forks, to enable them to bring out freiglits from the
™»iiter and Little Tallahatchee.
'Of Riiag boat Meigs, 1'. E. Starr master, entered tins river Novem-
' 1 and worke<I rapidly up to Sharkey Landing, removing only the
^t "hstructions on the wav, as it was desired to work up to the
w'th of Coldwater Kivr-r l»-l..i(' Hi.- water should fall. The boat
X'IihI :i ]K)int about 0 miles ;iliovc Slinrkey November 7, but found
Plater too low to go further, and turned back and was employed on
!*0 miles l>elow Sharkey until November 17. On the later date a
2004 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABUT.
slight rise coinmeiioed and the boat wa« enabled to go above Slia
and was employed between that point and Mead Landing, at mot
Tillatoba Elver, abont 25 miles above, nntil November 25. Durin
remainder of November the boat worked in the lower part of the i
and then returned to the Yazoo.
Owing to continued higli water nothing further was done until '
15, when the Meigs, which had been working in the Yazoo, entered
stream and worked for 0 days, removing tree slides, etc., after ^
the boat returned to Yieksburg, as the water was too liigli for wo:
the channel.
The following is a summary of the work done during the year:
Siiajrs puUrd 24 1 Side jjnn« romo v«»«l
StunipH pulled til Leaning trees out
Shore snaj^s cut 417 Trees jj^rdlod r
Lo^s removed froui 4'hauu<'l 51^ Square yards willows ent
The small amounts appropriated have prevented thorough woi
this river. INIajor Benyauril, in submitting the project for its imp
men t, estimated that it would take two sea^nons' work at a cost of $4!
(page 985, Kepoit Chief of Engineers, 1879). As stated in my
report, the snag boat Meigs should be used a short time each ye;
remove heavy snags, tree slides, and sunken logs, but theapproprii
should be large enough to permit the systematic clearing of the b
by chopping parties, and $10,000 can be expended to advantage ii
fiscal year 1893.
M&ney statement
Amouut appropriated by a<'t approved September 19, 1890 ^ (
J une IW, 1891 . amount expended during fiscal year 2, 1
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 2, <
'Amount (estimated) required for comjdetion of existing i»roject 12,1
Amount that can be profitably expended in liscal year ending June 30, 1S93 10, (
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and.
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL 8TAnSTIC8.
Tliis river was navigable to Sbarkey Landing; the entire year. During higli i
boats ran to M<*ad Lauding at mouth of Tillatoba Creek, and occasionally into
water Kivcr.
List of stcrn-ivhecl steamboats that navigat-ed Tallahatchee Biver in fiscal year 18
I
Name.
•
1
Draft.
•
ft
u»
bc
•
J3
•
•^
a
JS
ha
•
•c
PV^
a
1
1-
0.
9
c
mm
H
«
S
•r4
^
o
.«
Bctwoen what places.
Acblio E. Faison,
Feet. Ft. Ft. Ft. in. Ft. in.
3
Virk8l>ur^ and BeleD, Mins
241.50 135.0 30.6 4.9 2 25 Oj 5 Vuksburj; anrt Mead. Mias
Blanks Cornwi-11 L'32.40 140.0 29.0 4.6; 2 4
Jiihii F. Allt-n Vi'.i. IH> VM). 2 24. 0 4. 2
lM..('ol»b 2t»4.r.<i 14.M2K5 3.0, 1 H 4
D.C. Fu;ii*l 8!».(W 121. 921. 6 4.4" '..
MjiV'jjif Uaiiev 14»<. 02 12»<. 5 2.". 0 4. 5 ' ' 1 . . . «lo
i : , : I I
J 27 Vnksbur^and Sharkey, Miss ...
( 3 Vickslniri; and Mead M iss
2<: 2 VickabiirK aitd iSelen, Miaa
( 27 Virksburp and Sharkt-y, Miss
I C 1' Tirksburj: and llflon, MiK«
1 8 4 0?ir> Vi.ksburt; and Mead. Miaa
f 70 Vicksbnrg and Sharkt'V. Mini* . ..
4 1 do
.. 1 Ni'wOrlraMsandCi>ldwater, AU»H.
Uk LoaiaTille, S«v OtIimiiis »iut Tdxm lUilwajr hu a lirMtch lltui A'om Cl»rkB'
1 Minler City on tlii^ TalluliHtuhtw, wbioli wilJ be eitonded to ooniiuct with the
.apwillc nMir Grtf^nirood; iiuil the OiM>r)cia Pucific hiiiI lUinois Ci>iitrfil Kail-
, U UrHsuwood, arc eoiupxtituns foi the trade of Tallahatotiee River,
V14.
fcwOVEMEXT OF 8TEBLE BAYOU ANU WASHINGTON BAYOU, M18SI9-
HIPI'I.
Steflr Bityoa has its soiiri-t- in Swan luike, in WjisLitigtoii Goiintj-,
■*; flows in a gcueral soiitlii-ri.v iliicclinn, liiriiiiQg tlieuiitletfurLukn
liy Wasliiiigton Bayou, and
t^ Tiiimth, It* course is pai--
lli nl".iLt sr. mill's: thiitall Is
. I.;.-. ■'\'->-].[ wlifiithw
Wwluri'iton, n-ith wWcU it i
.•[ttts VazHo River about lli iini.,-
Mftti.thi- MJssissi(»pi River. ;iimI
-\n Piamiimtiiiii w;Lfi iniide by the Tiii
p' in ch^gii reiMirtol adverRely U) the i
"feineers, 18*4, pages 1300-13(>2.)
*ne following appropriations liavi
atrs i:i ISfi'l, and theoffi-
ement, (Iteport Chief of
following appropriations liave been made, viz:
"^ »*1 «f :
Jnly^lSKl •. $2,500
ADgiutii. 1886 2,500
-*u)ni«tll,1888 2,500
BepMmber 19, 1890 2,500
Total amonat appropriated 10,000
T'he project under wliicli work lias been dcnie contemplates reninviiig
^**gs, BtnmpB, drift, and leaning timber to improve higli-water iia^iga-
^*i. Ciiopiiing parties were employed in 188-i-'A> and the latter part
** IS86, and in February and July, 1889, small steamers were hii-ed to
^ over the work and remove the heavier obstructions. Operations ex-
^nded from the head of Washington Bayou to the mouth of Steele
"*yon, bat were by no means thorough, on aecount of the small iippro-
Wations,
In the fiscal year 1891 operationK were as follows:
JTie tTnited States snag boat Thou. B. Florence, J. H. Lewis master,
»»8 aent into tliU stream February 8, and worked iintil the end of tliat
I
I
if,
>
2006 REPORT OF THE VIUV.V OF KxNGINEKRS, U. S. ARMT.
I
inoiitli. ()2)erations exleiulod over the lower 50 miles of (lie bayou
tweeii the foot of Poindoxtor Island and the month, and the folloi
work was done:
} Snags n^moved from channel 87 ' Side jams rcmovwl
Jams r«*mov('d X 7.. Leaning; trees cut
High water in the Mississippi, Avlii<*h eontinued until late in 1
stopped the work. Operations had not bec^i resunn^l to the end oi
year, as the available plant was in us(» (»lsewhere. It is iutende<
apply the balance of the appro jniation to continuing the removal oi
stru(*tions as soon as practicable.
The region bordering the upper])artofthebayou and Washington
Swan lakes furnishes the jmncipal products. The lower portion is
ject to overflow, and not nuich land in the vicinity is cultivated.
west side of Lake Washington is near the Mississii)pi, and a loop
of the L<misville, New Orleans and Texas Eailway, from Coahom
Rolling Fork, passes between Swan Lake and Lake Washington,
has diverted the main trallic from the bayou.
Steamboat navigation in Steele Bayou was not commenced until 1
and since the construction of the railroad it has gradually deere;
until for several years the trade has amounted U^ little or nothing.
Much work is needed to make navigation in the bayou reasonably
and unobstnicted, and if the improvement is to be continued, ;
recommended that 8"),(HK) be ai)propriated, as that amount, if %\h^\\
one low-water season, will oi)en the bayou for high- water na\igatiou,
further work will not be reipiired, at least for many years.
Money statement.
Amount appropria^d by aet approved September 10, 1800 $2, 5<
June 30, 1891, amount exi>on<led during tiseal year 1, 31
July 1, 1891, balance unex])ended 9'
July 1, 1891, out8tandin«:j liabilities
July 1, 1891, balance available 9^
f Amount (estimat^Ml) required for compb-tion of exist in^r i^roject 5, ft
Amount tbat can be profitably expended! in liscal yea rending June 30, 181*3 5, 0(
Submitted in comydianee with requirenu-nts of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
This stream was navigable from January 1 to the end of May. '
List of stern-wheel vesnels engaged in navigation.
! ; !
/ / i i re 1 != ; ^ ! ^ =
.*niiic. ! 1'
I ^
Draft. i.
Between what places.
/'../. Ft. Ft. Ft. in. Ft. in.
I>v<Tsl>urir 7!.t'- '.i.;.ii !•«. i . n i •; :; u :\ Virk-^lmru :iinni<-ar(.;anlen.
Josie 1). llarkiiis 7:J. li! l\o.o i-».:. :;.;; -j o :; i 'j ...do
I
diverted the
V IS.
lUPBOVEMENT OF BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, MISSISSIPPI.
riv«r lias its source in Moon hake, Ooahoma Connty, Miss., flows
wntlierly <Ure*:tion, ami euters Yazoo Kiver about ifl miles above
During extreme high water it is navigable to Clarksdale,
above th« month, bnt Faisouia, 144 miles above the mouth,
.' U ooasidered the he^ of navigation.
BUBtiDAtion was matle by the United States iu 1S78 (pages 9S2-
Bepnrt Chief of Engineers, 1S79), and the plan adopted for the im-
!t"v«Diciit i!«>nt«mi>lut«d building timber and brush dams at the shoals
*| s-oar a uhaunel 3 feet to 40 inches deep, and the removal of suags,
nuk('nl<i(rit, and leaning timberobstrnctingnavigatiou, at an estimated
The fiillowiug appropriatioiiij have beoii made:
*I»rtof—
lUreb3,tST9 320,000
Jmeli. 1880 8,000
lUrcbS, 18»l 4,0(10
iuput2. 1883 5,000
Jiily5,18«l 5,000
AngDst5,1886 5,000
Ansnet U, 1888 5,000
I'fptember 19,1690 6,000
Total unovnt appro priatRi) 57,000
T^ork was commenced in 1879 and cwntinued in 1880, 1381, 1882, 1883,
"^ ISS;. aii<l 1889, Operations extended over the navigable xwrtion
■ theriver from Clarksdale to the month, but were by no means thorough
* "wwunt of small appropriations, and a great deal of work is required
" itt* flbstraetions are added every year. It is reported, however,
*»' benefits have been gained by the work done as follows: Before
■* improvement commenced fin 1879) the river was navigable for very
■Sht Iwais at>ont fi mouths of the year; now it is navigable the year
"W"], bnt difficult and dangerous at low stages on account of shoals,
*!(?«. and sunken logs. Ijarger boats are used, and make the ronnd
Wp (of about 180 miles and return) in 5 days, while before the improve-
>«tt it was unusual for a boat to make the trip under 8 days. Freight
aUe arc reported to be SO per cent. less. The lauds along the rivec
2008 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY
arc beiii^ cleared aiwl settlc^l rai)iilly of lat^*- years, which is attribi
in part to the iniprovexl navijjation.
In the fiscal year 1891 operations were as follows:
The Unit^ States snag boat Meigs^ P. li. Starr master, was sent
this river Jannary 10, and <*ontinned work nntil Februaiy 13^ wIm
was stopped by high wat^r. Operations extended up to Faisonia, ne
midway between Woodbnrn and Lehrton, and in addition to the remi
of obstiTictions brush dams were built at head of Muscle Shoals an
Hollj'wood Bar. Regarding the work done and the condition of
river, the master of the Meigst reported as follows:
Backwater from tho MissisRippi made the river too higb for any work b
Campbellsville on th«' way nji; Olipliant Har had fnU 12 feet of water on the sho
places. Worke<l up through the narrow river to ** head of drift" and removed a i
her of larije and troubh'some sna^rs. Above Mike Hu^hea Landing, at "hej
drift '* to Ortceola Gin, a distance of 38 mih»8, the river is wide and dcep^ witl
few snags in the channel, and all of them were in sight. At and above Oseeoh
the entire bottom apju'ars to be ooverc«l with logs and trees; none of them W€
sight, and they could be caught only with the drag chain. At places the ehnni
80 close in shore that we had to remove leaning trees before we could get a
snags. At Osceola 17 snags were removed in a short distance; at Savage Pol
were removed in a distance of 400 yards, and 65 were taken out at Sedan Poin*
Bend inside of 500 yards. Pilot liookout says we removed nothing bnt whal
directly in the channel, and the worst snags oply. He seems to know exactly ^
they are, and can tell the kind of wood lx»fore they are pulled. Judging fror
number we have removed, there is enough work to kee]> this boat employed
stantly for a year.
The following: is a snminary of the work done by the MeigSj viz:
Leaning trees topped
Trees girdled
S<^uare yards willows and brash cut
Lineal feet brush wing dams boilt.
Snags and logs pulled 437
Stumps pulled 9
Side jams removed 4
Shore snags cut 4
Leaning trees cut 150
Wrecks renuived : boiler of steanuT Sarah Elliott put on bank at Faisonia.
The river remained at a sta^re too high to resnine work to advan
until the latter part of May, when the snag boat Florence^ J. H. L
master, was fitted out, and was sent into this sti-eam June 1, and
tinned w<n*k during the month. Operations extended up to the w
of the steamer Xellie Hudaon^ 18 miles al>ove Faisonia. As the w
was but little in the way of navigation and the river falling rap
only the boiler was removed and i)ut on the bank, and the boat
ceeded downstream to avoid IxMiig caught by low water. Below W
bum the river was too high for work in the channel, and the Floi
returned to Vieksburg ♦June 30.
The followinir is a summarv of the work d<me:
Snags and l4»gs rcniuvcd from channel
Stuiu])S removed from channel
I^eaning trees cut
Wrecks removed; boiler from steamer XvUie UmUon.
The amounts exi^endcMl during the year were:
/ For general im]»rovemcnt below W<»odburn $3,01
' Between Woodburn and Lehrton 1,1
Total 4>ll
It is recommended that future ajjproiuiations shall not n^strict
jxMiditures to designated stretches of river, in order that the funds
l)e applied where tlie work is n(»eded most and where it will yield
gn*atest benelit to navigation.
The estimate of $G(),000, made in 1870, for the improvement of
•8NP1X V — n«W>ttT OK CAPTAIN WILLABD. 2009
ftw (yaiif W4, lU-jmrt Cliior«f Kiij^iim'iR. 1S7!»), did not uoiitemiiUte
kiu^ tliv work at irregiilnr iDt«rval8 exU-miin;; ovi'v n jioriod of 15
mrKiu* it nil! wi^ tbe iwital a))|>ropriiiiiijiiK, Iml wiis Diuile witli a
M« lu fiuMliiD|i[ it in not more than ^( i>i 4 riiiisciiitivii^ aeanoos. As
■nrnhfiUTK-tionit UTH ad(ir<l tWim tinii' i<> liiiii' ii is ijt){H>R»ibl(> to make
ay (i^HDiii- estimate, but if an approiniiition ol' not leHH tliun t2U,UUU
• Duili- i( ran be 8]>entt<> advantflK** ""•' "^''1' woiioniy in 1 or 3 low-
wttT M-a»o{ut, and result in grt^ater benefit t4i navigation and work of
inuifv luNthix I'.liitnu-ter than a larger nu in by Hmall allotments every
tther year.
k Money ntatemtnt.
nt anprnpriKbHl bv act upprovod Spptrmbcr lU. IWO $5,000.00
SU. IWl. uiiuinnt ■■xpimdnd ilnriiiK flH*'!'! .Vfur 4. 1!)6. 07
iMjl. 1I91, liAlimcc unosminika SOR.fU
All I, IMI. unUUmdine '''•l>nitiei9 4.78
"jUj I. WBl, Imlwicc BriulsUlp 7B9.U
qIawinillbiiti'HnbcpraauiiIvexiH'iKli'ilinWut.VtfiirvniUiiitJinii'WI.lHes 20,000.00
iltatimiltiTil in «>>iiipliauc« wilti rc<|iiiri-Tii<^nt»< vt wi'tiuiui i of tiviM' uud
1 i WlHt U'U ot 1800 ui<l IH6T.
I =
>l]H<pi
' to Fatiuinla anil Hrirnh 1*181'
iM III thrm-trlkttl 4tetimhonlii tiuit namgatri Big SimJIoirrr Bivtr i« Jtwal year IHIt.
I Roiiiiil tHj." l»tw,*n Willi plucti
VtoksborvuidHtir
( i Vfckuburitaorllliin-lw.,-.
I)f-i Vli-knliiirgaiuO'aiiionU..
I I I' ii V]ntihiirn»iirHliir,'ln...,
3.1 1 l<i 4 n?li. VIckiiljiirgudFjilHiiila..
.Viiaiiunrji of cninmnre reported.
Tent. Tmu.
T'*iltttigkta
WlwMii niHt in iHwl aDinbcn
L
2010 RRPOBT OP THE CHIKF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
The liOiiisvill«, Now Orlraiis :iihI Ti'xaji Kaihva.v rioNscs the river at Clnrkn-I
and thciioc Hoiith nniH ])iirallrl to Mio stream, :it distancoR vivryiii^ from 5 to^Oiiii
The Georgia Pa('iti<> Division of the Kichmoud and Danville Kaili'otul crosses the ri
near Johnsonville with a line running from Arknneus City om^he Mis8it»ippi to
lanta, Ga«
V i6.
IMPROVKMEXT OF HIG HA TCUEE RIVER, TENNESSEE.
This river has its source in Northern Mississippi, flows in a noi
westerly and then westerly direction through the most productive
gion of West Tennessee, and enters the Mississippi Eiver 50 mi
above Memphis. I am informed that navigation in this stream a
menced as early as 1827; that in 1841 and 1842 the .State of Tenues
appropriated #i(K),(K)0 for improvement of rivers in the western par
the State, one-third of which was expended on Big Hatchee, after wh
considerable business was done; that from six to seven boats with
pacities for carrying 500 to 1,000 bales of cotton were employed diir
the cotton season, and navigation was open the year round for li$
draft boats. In 1866 the legislature of Tennessee declared the stre
unnavigable, and authorized certain railroads to build bridges with
draws, and navigation was suspended until 1879, when the law was
pealed, and the bridges were altered.
An examination was made by t\\o United States^ in 1879, and
project based thereon contemplated the removal of snags, logs, lean
timl)er, etc., to render the stream navigable for light-draft boats ft
Bolivar, Tenn., to the mouth throughout the year. This part of
river was estimated to be about 240 miles long. (Report Chief of .
gineers, 1880, pages 1:330-1332.) The plan of operations given in
original project contemplated com])leting the work in three eonsecut
low-water seasons at a cost of *30,(K)0.
The appropriations have been as follows:
By a<'t of—
June 14, 1880 .' flO,
March 3, 1881 3,
Augn8t2, 1882 8,
JnlyT). 1881 2,
Angust 5, 1886 S,
August 11, 1888 6,
September 19, 1890 6^
Total amount appropriated (in 11 years) 82,
In view of the above, and the fact that new obstructions are adi
every year, the work (*an not be (H)mpleted within the original estimal
and small a]>pro])riati()ns will be required from time to time to maint
unobstructed navigation.
Work was b(^gun in isso, and continued in 1881, 1882, 1884, 1886-?
and 1889. Betbn' its conmicncement the stream virtually was unnavi
ble by reason of the obstrurtions; in 1889 it was reported navigable
7 mouths, and during the past fiscal year it was reported navigable
9 months. Tin? stream from Txdivar to its mouth is crossed by 4 r
roads, about 60 miles ai)art. whicli transport th(^ principal producti
the country, and the main ctl'rct of the im])r(>vement so far has beei
facilitate the transi)orlati<>n of timber and staves and prevent excess
rates of freight. The Hxcd l)ridg(* of the Tennessee Midland Bailw
about 60 miles below Bolivar, prevents navigation of steamers ab<
V HKHOHT OF CAPTAIN WIIXARU. 2011
hi!- UUifiv i» )i]t>>r<Ml. mill till' iiiitiii-al ulisl I'lirlinnii ai'O
(I tu |M-j-miI liiialN ni rim tim ycur idiiml, sii lliiil. Hip jn'iiple miiy
»!«)« (be river trjMit«, thtru is every piobiibility ftiut KtPaiiibo)it
■nipittoti will be revived, thongh not to tlie extent of the period prior
lltUe war. Ijcfore Hip railronds were built.
ThP appropriation of IS9() was made late io the season, and the river
kw been at a slJig« too high for advantageuos work diiriug the greater
■ctioD of the period sincfl, and on this account uo work was done dur-
1^ Ihc fiMpiil year 181*1. It is intended to tiike advibiitago of the low-
MUr M':i.suti tiit» MumiDer and fall, giving special attention to the chan-
wl otMtmctiunif, width are more trouhle»otne than leaning trees, innch
rftlii>tatt«r having been cut.
If Ihit! work is to 1)« continued, economy will be subserved by expeud-
i^E in OIK* iwMKon an ain<»unt sufticiciit t« cienr the river so that further
i»rk cliall not by nccdc^d for several years. The improvement will be
Mrh more thorough and lasting' l>y such couceutration, and the pra«-
ial boiictlt to uavipitioii m<u-*> nearly attained. I reeommend the ex-
ftt'liluie of nol IcKsthiin SMMHIil in one season, beginning work as soon
•tUieMngL' iifwiiU-r will pi-rtnil, conatructing or hiring a flat-boat with
OBunritpslan. and nsiny; cxjilosives liberally for removing snaga and
wtii-ii log*. .\ ulinn- I'ltily, liidgcd in tents and moving about in skiffs,
A'.uH rli-;ir Ihi.' Iniiiks ninl sui>|ilciii£'nt work in the channel. Expe-
i>!iii* 111 till- i>;i-.! sh'irt.s iliiil Htllvjii-iielit is to be derived from small
■•I iiT>-t'iil:ir :iii]ini]irialioiis. 'I'hc Vost of ad mini titration is increased,
■duiuf^h ol'lho (joimI results ol' the work ifi lost during the iuterval
tttveeu appropriatiouK,
A» a insTt«r of history connected with the improvement of this stream
■d tke Forked Deer Kiver, I rcimrt that at the last session of the leg-
MttOK of Tennessee an appnipriatiou of Slo,000 was made for " surveys
jtteatuil between the Tenne-ssee and the Mississippi Kiver," etc. The
Mwt for mich a caniil, I understand, c^intemplateH an outlet to the
ywaiBiipi through the Big Haf«heo or Forked Deer River, as may be
■nid most feasible. After complpting the surveys and selecting the
*w jirarlicablB rout«, it is intended to lay the rejiort before Congress
Wli H view to having the United States undertake the work -of cou-
Money statement.
*'» 1,1881), balance nnnxpended JO. 81
""Mt »ppropriat«d liy act approved Scptomlier 19, 18SH) 5,000,00
' iJJ'llWl.bmlance unexu™ded 5,000.81
^^ 1. 1891. milstauding liabilities 48
*■'.''- I»l, balance »v»il»bla 5,000.33
I
I Wbotucleofll^iuidlSeT.
._ie30,1893 10,000.00
aclioua 3 of river and
wiiBitmlSmontbaof
2012 BEPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENG1NEEB8, U. S. ARMY.
IA$t of boatt mgagnJ in HarigalioH.
-
|.
1
a
1
IT
3.7
a.4
G.3
IWl.
1
1
Ku».
C1»M.
i
B«tweeiiirh<tplx».
CllyrfChaeles-
P.H. Krtly....
■Wliil«Ort
EADonuitJr..
Slem-Theel ,| gj
....do I4S.00
Stmi.irheel |l».7
W.0
ae.o
Ft
|g.O
1 <
E t
1 B
n.ii:
18
S
SltPHon BodTLoiiU-
^NMnrary 0/ fomm
ecpc Ttporled.
Arth-leii.
1B»
'
IV
— T'
=s
'
The IlliiiniH Ci'iitrui Kuilroail crotuii-H rlie livvr iit Duliviir, Trnn., the hoMl of '
posed iinpriivMnpiit ; thr TnniirH«t'>' Midland Railwuy L-rowrB at Hntobee SUA
about IT niileit I'imiii tbr Dioiitli ; tho IjouiHville And KRisbvtlle Hnilroad croBMt
Bij; Hatrhi-e tftiitioii, nbuut 117 miles ttom tlir niotitli; and tb« Newport !N«wb
Hiaaissippi Valley Itailroad fttmmni nt Riiilto, uboiit 57 luiltv ftom the mouth.
V 17.
IMPROVEMENT OF FORKED DF.EK RIVF.R. TENNESSEE.
Fni:k»'«l Dpoi- Biver, 24 iiiilps long, ia ft)i-me«l by the junction of 1
Jfm-tli iiiKi South l-'orksiii DytT ('ouuty, West TenncsBee, about 0 mi
below the town of Dyersburg, flows inanonthwe»ter1ydii«ctioD, enb
Obion Kiver -1 miles iilmve itn inoiitli, and tlius flndfl an outlet to I
JIissisKiit[)i nt Hale I'uint, !>5 miles alKive MempliiR. Originally 1
month of Foiked Deor was at Asbiwrt, 18 inilcB below Hale Poiut, I
about ii'2 years ago the State of Tennessee cut a canal to a bend of t
Mississi])pi {now the nioiitli of Obion Kiver), shortening the length
main I'orketl Deer Ki\er alwut onc-lialf. Tlie jiart Iwlow the canal
bloeked with snags and diift, and is called " Old " and " Xjost" chi
nels. The canal ia known as "Tigertnil." Xoith Fork is formed
several small creeks near Trenton, in<iibsonCoiu]ty, flowainawestei
direction to Dyersburg, thence southwesterly. South Fork h^ds
'ENDII V— REPORT OF CAPTAIN WILLABD. 2013
Ikyairy luiil Heiuk'vsun comities and flows iu a general ni)rtli westerly
dtrpctivn. Appniprinlions apgregiitiiig $43.01)0 were made ut various
'tauw by tlie Stah- itf Teunessee, bnt tlieirexpeiiditiuere.siilt<?d in little
m nit tietit-lit to nuvi^rKtioo.
Kxniiiiiiiilious wcipinade by tin* iruitwl States in 1874, 1880, imdia87.
(B«*iu>rwt'lilef.>f Engineers, 1874, |iagce372-38«;J881,imge.B 1489-1497;
Btl 188", |i)igea 1434, 1495.) Tlie projenta cOQteinplateil the removal of
■>K^ l'*^^T leaning timber, etc., iu Sonth Fork below Jackson, Kortli
Fmi; tieluw UyerHburg, and the main river. 'The estimates were
"""^30. (4,500, and #7,000 for thene branches re8i>eetively, but as they
twised upon plans for completing the work in one season, it is prub-
tiutt the cost vfill be increa^>ed, as new obstructions are added from
time.
\Jh< ap]mtpriatioiis have been as follows:
ANpiKtS, IWa. fnrSanIb Fi>rk t3,000
1 Jnlya, t*«l, for Sonth Fork 2,000
1 IngnirtB, Iffifi, for Sod lb Vuvk 5,000
(fnrSuittli Fork 2,500
I Ingu-t 11, WSJ*, ^ for North Fork *,500
I / fur iiuiiu river 2,500
fcplcuiliFr 19, im>, fwNonh Fork Mtd nuiin rivor 2,500
' Total liiuoaut npprupriuUHl 22,000
J^otk ill South Fork wiw eonmieuced in 1883 and continned in 1884,
|jK6-^7, and I888-'8it. Its commerce consists chiefly of staves and
|kd)er, brought out by datboat-s and rafts of saw logs. Before the
'JlpnrveRieiit eommeneed about one boat in three was lost by rea^n of
'tteobatructlous; now they make the trip with comparative safety and
lllnMcot<(,
Sorth Fork l>elow Djersburg was worked over in 1888-'89 and put
li good navigable condition, enabling boats to nin at a stage 3 A'et
hter than formerly.
The main stream was cleared as far as practicable in 1888-'89, but
■iIiIfii rises luid the limited amount prevented any material improve-
■Hit to navigation.
So Work was done during the fiscal year 1890-'91, as the appropria-
li"u w>is made late in the season, and the water has been high during
•Iw greater portion of the period since. It is intended to begin oj>era-
•■»» as soon as practicable. The party can go .over the stret<'h from
Djpreburg to the mouth of North Fork in a short time and remove
■j olwtnictiona added since work wa.s 8U8j)ended in 1889, after which
•pM^tions willjje continued in the main stream until the funds are ex-
muted.
Beiiire the railroads were built through this section of the State,
•oe !J5 or 30 years ago, there appears to have been considerable busi-
*«^done in tbis stream, bnt it bas declined, until at the present time
^WDonntK to little. In the past year two tugs were employed in tow-
■? ntttf, lumber, etc., once in a while carrying cotton to Hale Point
Jw the railroad freight rates got too high. South Fork is obstructed
^ Dunei-ous bridges, which render steiunboat navigation impracticable,
*! there ap|>ears to be no reason or demand for its further improve-
■nit. Siirth Fork lielow Dyersburg has been cleared so that it is in
'JHygitod uavigiible condition; and it seems that the oidy work needed
"iveaent is in the main stream. With the amount uvuilable for this
ffliose, and an adiUtional appropriation of ijiSjOOO, it is belie\ed that
ttis »wrk t-an bo completed.
I
-m
2014 KKPORT OF THE CHIEF OF F.NOINEKES, U.
B. ARlrtB
Moiic!/ aUih-ment.
1
■
July I, 18B1, balance uuexpend
AmoUDt (t'atiniEited) required
Atnoant tbivt nwa be profltablv
Snlimittod in compliaiice wi
liuibor Mto of 1866 and 186
° '4
for comnletion of pziatiliB project .. ^|
Rxpeuilod \a fiscal veat endiug .Innr 30, 1898 S
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
1
North Fork and Main River were reported navigable iu the past (lacal j^
Decenil>er to Muy, iimlusive. Ho commerce was reported from Sonlli ForfcS
1
I
!
d
i
Draft.
Nombm
ofpi...
WDgen.
TS
Light.
Loaded.
Ft.
It.
n
n. in.
n. in.
Tgg-
Tng
ssItb
10.3
as
ti
Jnmes LsDgblin .
B Q
5 S
»
Obi..ii Hiv«l
ofmalnrtrj
•Norepo".
3
Snm
mars
of CO
miniT«
reported
Lumber, priuciiully
Total Acight .
Batlmated value, iu
South Fork in rr08«ed at JarkHon by the Illinoia Central Rnilronil, the Mobil
Ohio Rnilrnn'l, nnd the TeniieHfeu Midland Itaitwny; and by the Louisville and!
villc Kailroail lit Belt Depot; and the Newport News and Misaisaippi Vailey
B North Fork at Dyciaburg.
Vi8.
WATKll (lAlTflKfi ON MISSISSIPPI ItlVKli AND ITS PRINCIPAL TRltf
Tlivse f^jilifjis were ili'.iifiiifil tii scm-iiii' inrnniiiilioii hiiui roiitiDt
I'Mrords, with a view to protvctiiiy tlie vullcy of tbi' Missifwippi t
overflow, improving navigation, and giving cori'eot reports tor tlie
lOOO
I700
W^
APPENMIX V — REPORT OF CAl'lAIN WILLAItD. 2015
oftt «f riviT m«i and ptaiiUiTK. They were iirdeiod by Joint reMoliitimi
<»f tVin^rww approve*! February 31, 1871 {section 5252, Reviscil 8t;it-
" toc5353. TbeSwroUrv o( V/ai in h-i. mn uulr. .!..■■ .1 nud lUrootfld to hnvis wntor
mtahliHhml anil <{iiily olwn .i i -'<•■ rino lujil foil of thr Uowvr
■Mippt Kiver4kii'I iw uliicf IriUin m. . my »f St. Lcmis, Crtic.i. Mom-
i/rnM, Hulfiin. XatmlfoH. Providence, \i<<.-<<iij. h'' < \ii\.f! Ziaadmg, Baton Huiigu,
MMlCArrilltim, nu tli« MiiwiiHtippi licuwiti tiii' ui-mili ui' ihe Misaoiui und tliu (iull
of Hvtii:((: mill nl or in the vicinity of tart Luuvcnworth, on tba MiHsouri ;
RiHk IMniiiR 'in the I'pptiT MitaiKsinpi; Louisville, on the Ohio: Floreure, i>u the
TDnurMHi-; .iiickMiRp«rt rm the White River; Littlo Kock, on'tho Arkanaiw; nad
Xl«iaii<lrl» an the R«d Riv^r; and at such olli(>r plttotw »b the Socretftty of War muy
duuu K<ivi«3lil4i. Tbo eipeuiiitiirc for th)i Biime Hhsll bo mndo from the approprio-
linn f'lt tlio impruvonii'nt of riven nnil hATburs, bnt the Annual coitt of the observiL-
UMi*>h»ll not Kxrw-l thP«<imur«6,00l).
Tlie aboTfl gaagns werq estalilished the latter part of 1871, except
OvcDiltoD, {wtabli!<lied in Janiiary, 1872. A gauge was pliioed at
nonth of White Kiver innteiMl of Napoleon, whith was fast caving into
fte river. A gange was establiHhed at Natohez, Mins., and an addi-
tknal one at Louisville, Ky., one being needed at the head luid one at
thefbol of the falls. Observations were commtneed at each station as
uwvi m the gauges were er^tablished, and with a few exceptions have
km continued regiUarly since.
.\ gauge was e^stablLthed at Nashville, Teun., on the Cumberland
Rivvr, in August, 1873, and in 18i)0 four new gauges were established,
i'r. On Red River at Shreveport, La., February 20; Garland, Ark.,
Feliniary ai; Fulton, Ark,, February 22; and on Mississippi River at
Uiiimldsnnville, La., June U.
The fiauge at ttock Inland, 111., was diacontinned April 30, 1879, bo-
<nii!* (ibservations so far upstream were not needed, and the old gauge
«t Kurt Leavenworth, Kans., was abandoned November 30, 1880, but
r<'iidirL[;s have been continued by the Missouri River Commission.
lit Ls,"*! bulletins were erected at the stations on the Mississippi for
'hi- purpose of giving passing steamboats the stage of water at each
fowling, iind showing whether the river was rising, stationary, or fall-
inB. In law tliese were replared by hirger bulletins (sheet-iron plates,
*** hy W ini'hes by one-sixtcentli inch; white figures on black ground),
niiire than twice the size of the old ones, and large enough to be read
^'li the naked eye at a distance of half a mile. A photograph show-
'HWk new bulletin at Raton Ronge, La., which is a fair specimen, is
f*nt herewith.' The old bulletins were repaired and used in extend-
ine this service upon the tribuhiries.
Since Febniary 1, 1887, the gauges have been read ftiid bulletins
'Banged at .S a. ni. and 4 p. ni. daily, to secure greater uniformity and
^•iiirai'y; fonneily they were read at 8 a. m. only.
The engineer gauges are used by the Signal Servii* at St. Louis, Mo.,
J-srio. Ill,, Memphis, Tenn., Helena, Ark., Vicksburg, Miss., Nashville,
•"in., Alexandria, La., Shreveport, La., and Fulton, Ark.
buring the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, observations were con-
tinned at the twenty-two gjiuges. The readings ace received at this
I'lR-e H-et-kly, reviewed, consolidated, and sent to the secretary of the
Missiwipjii itiver Commission. The rea^liugs have l)eeu published by
"w Coinmissioii t^i the end of tlie calendar year 1890.
Keconls of the daily reaiiings weit- I'uiiiished the president of tho
3lL>MisKippi River Commission: tM>|iy of tlic Florence ref<)rd hum t'ur-
' Not printed.
2016 RfiPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
nished tbe engineer in charge of Tennessee River ; copy of the Carroll)
record was sent the assistant engineer at South Pa^s of the Mississi]
Elver, and copies of the records at various stations below Memp
were furnished district officers and levee commissioners during the flc
this spring.
The following gauges were inspected by Assistant Engineer Jo
Eweus, viz:
Jm/.V.— (2l8t) Natchez, Miss.; (24th) Red River Landing, La,, gav
rebuilt ti-oui 12 to 42.5 foot mark; (26th) Baton Rouge, 1^ gauge
built fix)m 3 to 25.5 foot mark; (27th) DonaldsonviUe, La.; (29th) C
rollton. La., gauge rebuilt from —2 to 17 foot mark, and position
bulletin changed on account of ciiving bank.
August. — (7th) Yicksburg, Miss., gauge rebuilt fix)m 0 to 62.5 f<
mark, and two additional l^nch-marks established; (15th) Lake Pro
deuce. La., gauge rebuilt from 0 to 44 foot mark, bulletin repainted, a
new bench-mark established; (16th) mouth of WTiite River, Ark., gau
rebuilt from 3 to 50.5 foot mark, and permanent stone bench-mark
tablished: (18th) Memphis, Tenn., gauge rebuilt from —0.3 to 38.3 fi
mark, bulletin repainted, and bench-marks tested; (22d) Helena, At
gauge repaintiHl, and bulletin reset and repainted; (24th) Little Ro<
Ark., bench-marks tested and level connections made with other gaag
and bench-marks of Arkansas River and Coast Survey.
September. — (1st) Garland, Ark., gauge rebuilt from 0 to 31-fi)ot mai
(M) Fulton, Ark,, gauge rebuilt from 0 to 35.4-foot mark and zero Ic
erod 3 feet, as old gauge wa« known to be too high. Signal Servi
gauge tosteil, high-water mark of 1890 leveled to and found to be 43.?
feet above zero of new gauge, and two additional bench-marks esti
lislicd; (5th) Shreveport, La.; (7th) Alexandria, La., gauge rebuilt fh
15 to 26 foot mark and high- water section braced ; (8th) Baton IU>uffe,L
gauge rebuilt entire from 0 to 38 foot mark; (lOfth) DonaldsonviUe, L
gauge reset, having been disturbed by steamer jamming pOing to whi
it was attached; (11th) CarroUton, La.; (15th) Red River Landing, L
two new sections put in reading fn)m 5 to 12 and 17 to 23.5 feet, and i
sections braced; (18th) Natchez, Miss., gauge rebuilt from 6 to 20f€
mark.
Xovemher. — (5th) Vicksburg, Miss., bulletin repaired, reset, ai
painted ; (18th) Shreveport, La.
June.-^{9th) Shreveport, La.; (12th) Alexandria, La.; (21st) »
River Landing, La., gauge rebuilt from 19 to 36 foot mark; (23
Natchez, Miss.; (25th) Yicksburg, Miss., gauge rebuilt from 14.5
30.4 foot mark.
Tlie resolution of February 21, 1871, intended to provide an annt
appropriation of 85,000, but as it directed that the expenditure be ma
from the a])propriation for rivers and harbors, and as that has been
biennial appropriation since 1882, it be(»ame evident that new legial
tion would be rccjuired or the work would have to be discontinued. \
1878 observations were stopped for want of fiinds, but many observe
continued the readings without compensation. In 1884 a deficien
a])proi)riatiou was made for their continuance. In 1886 the Mississip
River (Commission paid the observers and repaired the gauges on t
^nssissi]>pi to prevent observations being stopped, and in ISST-'SS tl
funds ran out and the re<*ords were kept up voluntarily by the o
servers.
The value of the records requires that they shall be accurate aud co
tinuous, and to provide for this and to enlai'ge and perfect the Bystc
t river and harbor act uf August U, 1888, made a permanent appro-
latiuti, iw follows:
Akc. ff. Thnt fur the purpose of wiMiTiug the u
>f Iha Lower Miii>iiiuii|>)i( Itlvi^r itiul iu tnutttarif , -, - ,
of Um^IM of FsbniHry. 1971, ufiuu llie Hpiilicikt.ion of the Chief or Eiigiiie___,
fmei^n "( ^Vnr w Leivby BUthoriE«l to draw liia wniTiuit or reiiuisitioii from time
lo time nurm iLe t^iTdliiry urtliu TtOMiiry for aurh bdiuh as miiy bn nocosaiiry to do
HU-k work, uot l« axcfiMl ta the ikitKrvuHtu for SMih year tho aniouut appropriHtoil in
ihl« act fur svftt ptirpo««i: frBHrinf, MatMtrcr, Thut an itemiEed stBtemont of Buoh
nsjMaieM Rb»11 M»^«iupiin7 the umnnt report of the Chief of En^neers.
For aanicinj; the w;it«T8 of the Lower Missiaaip|ii
VHleil fvr injoiiit rt'iM'tiilinu of 21et of Febrnnry, It
of Mune te auihtiriKi-il In be expended in payiuK the cxpcnsei of gauging tho auid
val«n (InrJuif Uiti nwiul .v«ar endiog Jimo 30, 1888.
The samo act, iu the it«ni " for coutiiiuing gperatioiiB upon the reser-
Toira St the hwui waters of the MiBsiSHippi Bi ver," provided lor an allot-
ment from tiie permanent appropriation tor gauges, as foUons:
And Ihe SerreUry of War sh»|] vtniscsurh^augiugs to be made at or near St. Paul
doting the eniiiiiil •iiwrations of efttd reservoira iia aholt dEterminenccurately thodia-
ebane at that puhit, the coat of sanie to be paid out of the annuiil appropriation for
saoptig the waters of the MiMlMipiii Bivur and ilH tributariiM,
Toward tlw pnd nf the third year's work midor this act, it was iield
that tlie amount whieh tii« Srairetary of War.uiight draw for this pur-
pose was liniiU-il to $C.O(H) a year, suid as 6',"Hl had been allotted for the
work at St. I'uiil. thU loft l>iit iJ5.1(M) for i:oiitinniiig the obsei-vationa
uuler an iipinove.1 pruifit i-ciiiiiihig tiie cxpciuliture of $8,700,
To wtnijily with the law forliiddiii^ acct^ptiinre of vohintary service,
and at tht- name timt> to avoid bicaliing the continuity of the observa-
tiona, aathority wHs obtained for tumporary transfer of gauges on trib-
utary Rtreiams in this diHtrit't Ui the appropriations tor their improve-
ment, nnii tif most of llirisc on Missis»<ippi Hiver and the tributaries
l~-^si.i;ii III.' liiiiii-i..ri)ii- .|j-tiirt to <>t!i<-rnllji-iTs. This involved ail ex-
penditnre of from $30 to #00 from several api>i(ipiiation8 for tiie quarter
ending June 30, a trifling i^um as compared with tlie value of Uie rec-
ords to the several streums themselves aa welhistothe service at large.
The joint resoUitiou of February 21, 1871, uittliorized the establish-
ment and maintenance of gauges " at such other places as the Secre-
tary of War may deem advisable," and it was umler this provision that
the namber has been increased on Mississippi Itiver and the service ex-
tended on the pi'incipal tributaries, and for which the appropriation of
1888 was increased and made permanent; both for the beneflt of navi-
gatioD and people living on the lowlands, and for preserving the con-
turnip of the records.
It is reoonunended that the section relating to water gauges be fixed
so as to prevent any doubt about the amount tliat may be drawn in each
flflcalyew.
As the valaeof theobservatJons and the pnu^tical use of the bulle-
tins become appreciated, requests are madebyriver men for new gauges
or for bulletins at the important stations on the tributaries. Gauge
•stations have been established on tributary streams in connection with
their improvement, some of which might be transferred to this service
\> i- . 1 > ;i' (u 111] I niicerned. A few stations on Ked, Ouachita,
:ii"l 1 ,.M.> MM 1 . -iKiiiiii hi- continued and bulletins erected on the hirgo
rivers iiut-^ide tin* district, as Arkansas, Tennessee, and Cumberland
rivers. Htations on bayonn Bartholomew and Bteuf, Teusaa lliver, aud
ESG »1 127
2018 KKPOKT OF THH CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AEMT.
J>dyoii Miif'^iJi womIjI Im- v:«liialj]i- Ut tli^ j»w»]»le living iu the disTi'ieT Mib-
j«-rt to ovi'i'tiiiw to ;rivi- winjjiji;:s uf a]>iHMcirljiijy: ri<NHl< and to iiifunn
rivt'i jiH'Ji of tii<* yirniiiiit of waT^'i* on thn s]j«i:i]s, tbtis ruabliug tlieiu M
klJ<f^v wJk'Jj to liifiki' tjijK. Ijuw far tljey roiibi ;^o. aud wbat di-pth to
]o:juJ.
To ;rjv«' tli«' ;:r«-at*'^t valiU' to th<- ii-<oid> the zeros of the gauges
should be ^-ouiiertrd witli tli*' Tairo datiiiii.tlK' tHtiniiioii ifferenee ]daue
of lh<* Eu'/iuifi'i J)i'jiartiji«Mjt and tlji- Missi>>i]»]>i liivi^r Commission, and
lhjoii;:h that to U)t*iiu iiiilf I<*v<*l. Many r»f thi'Ui have l:K*en dxe<1. but
h4>ni«' of tlj«»si' on till' WJMant >tM'anis renifiin to l»e n»nneeted- Fortu-
nati'ly th«- line's of ]»n*<-i.*ii»ii ni' th*' Toast .Survey, roujuiission. jiind the
Kn;:in«'<'r J>«'paitni«'nt Siii vi-y of Jied IJivi'r are S4> extensive that but
fdw jin^s of Ji-vj'ls ar«' nei'd<'«l. ii«'d IJiver will liave a eontinnous line
from Fulton to Mississippi Jiiv<*r liy next year. Arkansas Kiver is
|iarail<']«'4l from tlie Missis>jj>iii t<» Litth- Koek by the Coast Sui-^ey line,
from whieh l.'pjier Ouaehita. J^ayou liai'tliolomew. 8t. Frauei.s. and
VViiite riv«M> ean he readied. Middle Onaehita is erossed by the pi-e-
vi^' line from Viekslmr;: t<» ShrevejMirt. and Lower Ouchita and Bhick
rivers and tlie months of Tensas and liavou Ihieuf are within easy i-eaeh
<»ft he Coast Survey beneh at Vidalia. The line to ShreveiKut crosses
'J'ensas, Alaeon. IWeuf. Oino'iiita. and the Dondieat. Yaz<K» Kiver needs
bnt one line from <ireenville to the mouth of Talhihatehee Kiver, 55
miles, to ;rive the eN'vation of hi^h and low water i»f early years and to
reeovej- ihe eh'vations of tlie Delta Survev of ls."iS at Prentiss and
Na|ioiet>ii. The Coast Survey line u]) the M<ibi1e and 01iit» Kailroad will
seive as a base for the jian^res on Tennessee Hiver, wiiile those on Ohio
K'iverean he reaehed from thi' transeontinental line. This work should
be done •^ladnally s<i as not to involve a lai';;e expenditure in anyone
year, or the necessity <ifor;rjini/in^ a special party. The most eeonomieal
method would Ix* to extend the work of the ^au<;e inspector and run
the shorter lines of level from time to time when he shouhl be euiiveu-
ient to the stations to b<* connected.
The search for the ben<-hes of the Delta survey has been continued
and the level note hooks of isril and 1S5S n»viewed. It was intended
lo N isit all of (lie old stations in Mav and 'hin<* and verifv the I'eeoinl,
hnl the lack of funds pievented. It is h<i)>ed hy anotlier year that the
subject will he exhausted. The follow iii^^ stations are believed to have
beeu found heyond all doubt: Cairo, M<'mphis, Vicksbur^, and Baton
Kou^e; while Natchez and Carrollton are in disjmte and ean be deter-
mined only by ^^ettiu^ the elevation of known ])oints to Avhieh they ait)
conmu'ted by lexclstMi certain sectiou lines. lltOona, Nap<deon, Pren-
tiss, Lake l*ro\ iflencc, aud Ivcd b*iver ]iandin;>: may be restored by
compariu;; cle\atioiisf>f lii^ih water nuirks, tbuml in a similar way, with
[dottiu;: of the hi;:li water lines drawn between known stations of the
survey. The ;:auji4's at Liith> IfocK and Natclu'Z ni'cd investijj^ating, as
recent e\auiinat ious of the recdids indicate errors in placing the zei'os
in rci'siablishin;^ tin* ^au;;es at pnints tither than those seh»eteil by
Colonel Mi'rrill. The zeros will n^t be «*haujied. but a e<UTeetion i\\h
plicil \n the record if fouud necessary. The height of nu»an (lulf level
al>ovc tin' Cairo datum is about L'l tect, but uo a«rv<H'meut has yet beeu
made bciw(>eu the (*oasl Sur\e,\ and the Couimission for a final value.
\\\ \\w fonner Ihe la'iuht is tMI.SS and h> the lattt-r LM.LM;, I'ither of which
is accurate eiHMiji^h for juactical usr.
The reconnncndaliou of toruici rc)Mirts that lhe^au«;e s(Tviee should
be under on«' manapMuent is repealed in the interest of ee<uiomy and
'^ood service. There an* se\eral j;au;;es iu each district on Mississippi
APPENDIX V — REPORT OF CAPTAIN WILLARD.
2019
River between St. Louis iiii<l Xew Orleans, the reports of which are
sent to the secretary of the Coniinission, but the records of all can not
be equally valuable, since the gau^cH are not insiMicted regularly or
unifoiinly. Eigid inspection is necessary to insure (;arefiil observations
and to maintain the gauge zeros invariable, to insure a well ordered
and efficient service, and this can be obtained in no other way without
great cost.
Comparison offload of 1801 with highest water previously recorded.
Gaage stationn.
St. Louia, Mo
Cairo, ni -^
Mconphin, Tenn .T
Helena, Ark
Moath White River, Ark
Lake Providence, La
VickMbors, If ias
N»tcbec, Miaa
Elevation
of gaiif^e
ten) above
Cairo
datum
pkine.
Ked Kiver Landing, La . . .
Baton Rouge, I^a
Donaldsonviue, La
CarroUton, La
Lonisville, Ky. (npper> —
Loniaville, Ky. (lower) —
Florence, Ala
Naahville, Tenn
Jackaonport, Ark
Little Rock, Ark
Alexandria, La
Shreveport, La
Garland, Ark
Fnlton, Ark
Feet.
400.23
290.84
203.97
161.98
128.73
89.02
66.04
36.89
23.85
20.06
tl9.71
20.91
f419.76
t392. 85
Elevation
of gauge
zero almve
nu'an.CruIf
biv«4 at
Hiloxi,
MiH8. (pro-
liiuinary).'^
Ffft.
378.97
269.58
182. 71
140. 72
107.47
68.36
44.78
16.63
Highest water
previouHlv re-
conlwt.
Gauge
n'ading.
1844
1883
1890
1886
189U
1890
1862
1802
2.50 I 1890
- 1.20
- H. 55
- 0. :{5
t398. 50
t371.59
f241. 55
64.40
161, 27
22:J.44
244. 78
I
1220.29
43.20
140.01
202. 18
223. 52
• 1890
i 1884
, 1890
I 1884
I 1884
1867
1882
I 189J
i 1857
' 1890
1890
188.')
1876
Feet.
41. 39
.52. 17
35.60
48.10
50.40
41.05
5L10
50.30f
48.77
36.58
29.45?
16.13
46.60
72.00
3L08
55.10
33. 35
31.00/
36.85
34.70
28.34
35. 75
Highest water during
tiHcal year **nding June
30, 1891.
Date.
Apr.
Mar.
Mar.
Mar.
Apr.
Ai)r.
Apr.
Apr.
5Apr.
25
4-6
10
27-28
5
1-4
2-4
11-12
26;
< - ^i
I to May 4$
May 3 and 5
Mar. 18
Mar. 16
Feb. 27
Feb. 26, 27
Mar. 15
Mar. 14
Apr. 26
Apr. 24
Fob. 16, 17
Feb. 12, 13
Ai»r. 28
Apr. 27,28
Relar
tion to
pre-
vious
highest
r'an.n. record
Feet.
23.61
46.20
34.90
44.70
47.72
4L00
48.10
46.50
Feet.
17.78
6.97
.70
3.40
2.68
.06
3.00
3.80
46.48 ; 3.29
35.56
27.90
16.00
32.40
68.00
22.20
49.30
23.75
22.70
29.95
25. 20
27.64
30.30
L08
1.65
.13
14.20
14.00
8.88
5.80
9.60
8.30
6.90
9.50
' .70
5.45
* Mississippi River Commission preliminary value; 21.26 feet above tlu^ Cairo datum plane,
t Preliminary value. ,
To provide for t^e judicious extension of the service, maintenance of
gauges, and gradual level connections, the following estimates are sub-
mitted for the fiscal year 1803, and recommended to be substituted for
the amount appropriated by tlie act of August 11, IStSS:
Wages of observers $5, 000
Repairs of gauges and bulletins 800
Pay of inspector, wages* of extra holj) at stations, and trav<'ling expiMises.. . 2, 700
Permanent monuments 300
Level connections 2, OOO
Record books, blanks, stationery, tclrjjranis, «»tr 200
Office expenses 500
Mileage and transportation 50O
Total 12,000
rrEMIZED 8TATKMKNT OF EXPKXDITt'HKS DURING TIIK FISCAL YKAR ENDING .nrNE"
30, 1891, SUBMITTED IN COMPLIANCE WITH UEQUIKEMENTS OF SECTION 6 OF THE
RIVKB AND HARBOR ACT OF 1888.
Observations :
Pay of 20 permanent gange-keopers from .Tnly 1, 18JK), to
March 31, 1891, inclusive .* $2,610.00
Pay of 1 pi^nnanent gauge-keener at St. Louis, from August
7, 1890^ to March 31, 1891, inclusive 117.00
^^i^^r^.^
2022 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
hoped that they will be tinishftl in time to prepare a siMH*ial ivi>oii,aiM
submit all to the l^epartmeiit before C'onirress meets.
Money statement.
Amonnt appn)])riatod by act approved St^ptoinbor 19. 1891^ $10. 000. 0
June :^0, 18J»1, anioiiut expended during tisral year S», 897. 9
Jnlv 1. 1891. balance unexpended • 102. 0
July 1.18in.outstandin*r liabilities 3.8
July 1. 181)1. balance available .- 98. 1
{Amount ^^estimated) rcquireil for coinpb'titui t»f existinjj: i»rojeet 2, IKX>.0
Amount that can be ]>rotitably expeutlcd in liscal year eudiu^j June oO, 1893 2, 000. 0
^Submitted in comjdiance with ret|uirement8 of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 18C6 and 1867.
V 20.
PREIJMIXARY EXAMINATION OF CANE RIVER. LOUISIANA, WITH J
VIEW TO ITS IMFKOVEMENT IJY LOt'KS AND DAMS FOR THE PURPOSl
OF GlVlXli rEKMAXEXT XAVU;ATI0X THE YEAR ROUND.
[Priiitotl in House £x. Doc. No. 184. FiAy-first Congress, second Bcssion.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington. J). C, January 15^ 1891.
Sir : T have the honor to submit tlie aeeompanyiug copy of roiwrt
dated January 7, 181)1. by ('apt. J. II. AVillard, Coi'i)s of Engineers, giv
in«r results of preliminary examination of ^*Cane Kiver, Louisiana, witl
a view of imi)rovin*r'the same by loeks and dams for the piiri)ose o
giving permanent navigation the year round," made in compliance witl
provisions of the river ami harbor a<*t of Septemln^r 19, 181K).
It is the opinion of Ua]»tain Willard ami of the Division Engineer
Col. C\ B. Uomstoek, that Uane IJiver is not worthy of improvement, anc
I concur in th«^ views of fliese ot!icers.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Tnos. Lincoln Casey,
Brhj. (ivn.^ Vhief of Engineers.
Hon. Redfield PRi^rTiiR,
SiTniaru of War.
refokt of captain j. h. willard, corps of engineers.
United States Engineer Office,
Vicksbnrg, Miss.^ January T, 1891.
General: I have the honor to sulunit tlu* following reiwrt ujwn the
preliniiuaiy examination of "Cane Iviver, Louisiana, with a view tc
improving the same ))y lorks and dams f<ir the purpose of giving per
inanent navigation the year ronntl." reipiinMl by sections 17 and 18 o1
the at't of Congrc'^s ;i]>prov(':l Si]>;tMiiber 1S>, 181K), assigned to me b>'
your letter of SoptembiT -^^ l^.-O.
SURVEY OF CY?RES8 BAYOU AND TUE LAKKS RKTWEEN JEFFERSON,
TEXAS. AND8IIKEVKP0FIT, LOriBIAXA, TO ASCiaiTAIN IF NAVIOATION
CAS BR MATERIALLY AND PUmiAKEN'I'l.Y IMI'KOVED BY THE CON-
STRUCTION OP LOCKS AND DAMS. AND THE PROBABLE COST THEREOF.
This survey was ordered by the following item of the river and har-
Iwr act of September 19, 1890:
The Seoivtary of War is heroby direptert to cunsa a Biirvey to lie mode of Cypress
I'uyou and the lakes betwei>ii JelTerson, Tex., and Sbrereport, La., iu order to moot-
tftin iftho uavigatioa of the said bayou aodlukea can he materially and pumumentlf
iinprovoil by the constroction of surh dams, and locks and dunw, ub may bo nooea-
^H PROGRESS REPORT.
The late date ou which the aiipropriatioii became available made it
necessary to postpone this survey until late iu the year. In aci^ordance
with the approved project required by law the snrvey party was organ-
ized under Assistant Engineer H. M. Marshall, at VJcksburg, and began
operations on the survey of the mouth and part of Yazoo Hiver. and
continued on that work until driven out by high water December 6,
3800. The party was transferred immediately to Shreveport, and, the
quarter-boats having been repaired and fitted out in advance, began
work on the survey of Twelve-Mile Bayou and the lakes, December 8.
Progress was greatly impeded throughout Jammry by high water
through the outlets from Upper Ked River, wbith submerged the low
banks of the lakes and bayous. By April the water hiul fallen suffl<
eiently to resume the survey, aud the field work was completed by thl
middle of the month.
Tlie triangulation coverstheentirebaaiu and connects with the sysl
of the Red Biver Survey, and the precise levels were carried to thi
limit of the high lands, and thence connected by ordinary spirit lereli
with the line to Jefl'erson, the country being too difficult for the formerj
The notes of triangulation and levels have been computed and tabu!
ted, and the topography and hydrography is-ready for (ilottiug.
It was found necessary as the survey <Ieveloped to join on with thi
Upper Red River survey to find the outlets through which the wa1
sup])ly came to the lakes, and which will grnduiilly be cut off by th<
west bank line of levees.
Aft the estimate called for $12,000, if the work should be found n<
sary, it is to be regretted that the full amount of the estimate was ni
gi-niited. Before anyiutelligent opinion can be formed of the advisabil-
ity, duiabih'ty, and cout of locksand dams, or of any other reasonableplan
for (giving navi|:atioQ to Jefferson when boats can reach Shreveport, it
will be necessary to make borings along the trial lines to determine both
the character and depth of the material to be moved, and of the founda-
tions for construction. Borings were included iu the approved project
for the survey, but the high stage of water that prevailetl during most
of the time the party was in the field would not have permitted them '
be made, even had there been funds for the purpose. The work w
have to be done at low water anil by skilled workmen, in order to ge(
tlie information before flood. An appropriation of $2,000 is recom.
'lis purpose.
) maps are miw bi'iog l,iiil .iiit fn>in tin-- field slicetw, i
4
2022 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
hoped that tlicy will bo finished in time to prepare a special reiwrt, and
submit all to the Department before Congress meets.
Money state^nent
Amount appropriated by act approved Septein])er 19, ISfKT $10, 000. 00
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 9, 897. 99
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended • 102. 01
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 3. 84
J'uly 1, 1891, balance available -• 98. 17
{Amount (estimated) required for C()m})l;^ti()n of existing project 2, 000. 00
Amount that can be profitably ex])tMi<led in fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 2,000.00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
»
V 20.
PRELTMINARY EXAMINATION OF (JANE RIVER, LOUISIANA, WITH A
VIEW TO ITS IMPROVEMENT J5Y LOCKS AND DAMS FOR THE PURPOSE
OF GIVING PERMANENT NAVKiATION THE YEAR ROUND.
[Prmtod in House Ex. Doc. No. 184, Fifty-first Congress, second session.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington, J). C, January 15y 1891,
Sir: T liave the honor to submit the accompanying copy of report,
dated January 7, 1891, by Capt. J. II. Willard, Cori)s of Engineers, giv-
ing results of preliminary examination of "Cane River, Louisiana, with
a view of improving 'the same by locks and dams for the purpose of
giving i)ermanent navigation the year round," made in compliance with
provisions of the river and harbor act of Sei)tember 19, 1890.
It is the opinion of Ca])tain Willard and of the Division Engineer,
Col. C'. B. (Jomstock, that Cane Iviver is not worthy of improvement, and
I concur in the views of fliese olhcers.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Engineers.
Hon. Redfield Prootor,
Secretary of War.
report of captain J. h. willard, corps of engineers.
United States Engineer Office,
Viekshnrg^ Mitts., January 7, 1891,
General: T have the honor to submit thc^ following report upon the
ineliniinary examination of '^Cane J^iver, I Louisiana, with a view to
improving the same by locks and dams for the imr])ose of giving per-
manent navigation the year round," refpiircd by sections 17 and 18 of
the act of (Congress a])]>rove(l S(»])ieinber 19, 1890, assigned to me by
your letter of September 20^ ISiK).
APPENDIX V — REPORT OP CAPTAIN WILLARD. 2023
Cane River is one ol* the abainloiied eliaiiiH^ls of Red Kiver, left <mt
on the westward by eut-ott's about 1S25 and 184!). It is about 75 miles
long from Red River near (irand Eeore to Red River near Colfax, made
up of pools, bayous, and swam])s, and intennii)ted by dei)osits eousid-
erably higher than the aNCMiige stage of the main river. The bars have
risen above the low-water line of Red River t-o sueh a height that Cane
River c^aii not be ent>ered from above ex(?(»i)t at flood st^iges, and navi-
gation is not opt'sn at the mouth to boats drawing over 4 feet until Red
River has risen to a stage above 20 f<»et on the gauge at Alexandria, 34
miles below, the nearest point of referene<\ This gauge was established
December 2(>, 1871, and observations have* been taken eontinuously since
that date. The zero was set at the low wat<»r of that ye^ir, the lowest
then ascertained, but the river lias fallen below that point almost every
year to the present time, reaching minus 3.7 feet on the gauge in 1881.
I made the following table from the origiiwl records of the Alexan-
dria gauge to show the behavior of Red River at that point, and to
give all the information needed for the present discussion of any i)lan
for imi)roving Cane River,
2024 BEFOBT OF TUG CHIEF OP &MOINEERS, U. 6. ABUX.'
-8SB£S3g3SSI~Br-:=.a -
MS
:li4
isilill'lils ti I i
lip
[^i *,
S5S?Ji=?S==as P2
fill
I Is'as
agio's"
7ff71
tiii
EEisEEgEiEi SS ( i
I i
1 I
1 I
I ^
m
km
rem Uie 19 yearn' iil>sorvi*l.ioiis it will beKtipn tbai. witboub any work!
niirovciiifiiit Oiiiii! Itivur i» n!vvj{;;tbl« t'ur hmiia drawing 4 feet, eii-
tog below, for about 2 montlm in tJi« year, usually between Miu-ch ^
nitd May ; that it ia not navigable for snch boatB, probably for none, fur
abont 6 months, ueaally between AugiiHt and December; and that dur-
ing the remaining 5 months navigation is not to be counted upon.
Boat6 may navigate Cane River during the higli-water lacnths with
Bofficient regolarity to acquire the name of a " line," but if they ent<>r
the river at other ptirioda it is simply as a venture for one or two trips
when the river is iinimually high for the season of the year. Now, to
make steamboating in Cane Eiver profitalile, it sliould be navigable
during the cotton shipping time, say October to March, but that is
usually the low-water season in Hed River, and when the river falls
mnch below the zero of the Alexandria gauge navigation ia suspended
either at the mouth of Red River or at the falls of Alexandria, so that
if Cane River were improved by locks and dams navigation would be
limited to the canalized portion for a certain time during low and
medium stages, and only available for general purposes when Red River
should be high enough for loaded boats to na\'igate Red River between
Colfivx and ^e Mississippi.
Cane River was examined by Major Miller in 18S2, who reported that
the stieam was not worthy of improvement nor the work a pnblic neces-
sity. Tlie snbreport, however, contained an estimate of $7,665 for
removing logs, snags, leaning trees, et^:., upon which probably was based
the appropriation of $2,600 in the act apjji'oved July 5, 1884. (Report
Chief of Engineers, 1884, page 1366.)
No further estimate having tieen mode, Cane River was dropped from
the list of navigable streams in this district after finishing the work
contemplated in the expenditure of the amount allotted.
In preparing my report of February 21, 1S90, upon a bill for a bridge
to be built across Cane River at Nati-hitoches {act approved April 22,
1890), I tried to get information about the commerce, of tliia stream,
but with indifferent success. I was informed that the "Old Eiver" had
filled up so much that ordinarily it was not navigable for more than two
months in the year, and that as the filling up was still going on tlie
navigation bet'ame more and moie doubtful year by year.
The estimated croji of the valley last year was 7,500 bales of cotton
and 75,000 eacka of seed, or about one-third the estimate in the report
of 18S4, and in consequence of the uncertain navigation the greater
part was hituled to the main river or to the Texas and Pacific Railway.
If the water should be high at the cotton-shipping season it was ex-
pected that about five trips would be made by a boat of about 300 tons.
The president of the parish police jury stated that no objection would
be made by tJiem to any bridge that might be built across Cane River,
and considered the navigation of that stream an valueless to the people
because of its uncertainty. Two boatfi made the trip last winter, but
no report of the busiiiess could be obtained, and none could be procured
of tbe business done during the yeai' 1890.
Assistant Engineer Maishall connected the line of levels on Red River
with points at Uie head and foot of Cane River in October and Novem-
ber, 1890, and made a report, which is given below.
Thia river, wi called, is an oW-time bed of Red River lyina wholly within tliejiarisli
of Natcbitocbca and was abandoned when the Rigolet da Bon DUd became the niaiu
channel. I iru not ablo to uctirtain aooural«l.r ttie c^haraot«T or time of this ohEtnge,
which oomured about 1825.
A RiTBTPrcmB ti have made* oiit-off, via a bayou, from the hilla at Grand Ecow, j
0 WcBtoni iiidu of tho valley, iiii..> Siiliii.' Itivcr. whutP it Bkiited the hilla oo tli "
n iide at tbe pieacnt town of St. Maurice. Thence, foUovinti^e \m& «1. a2
2026 REPORT OP THK CHIKF OF KNr;iNKKR8, U. 8. ARMY.
S:i]iii«> til its inoiitli. Ui'd Ifivrr rrtiiiiuM] in iisflf \v]i(r«> imw staihU tilt* tiiwii of f'ol
fax. ('.iiir K'ivrr ^uopi r wa-* at om- tiiiir a slmit l»vaii«'li of Uvi\ Kivrr tnuii the lnwi
of Nati'liitorlios in Twi'iu v-fnnr Mil»» I'nry. and Itrcainr tIh' main rliannt'l wlioii lln
lJiv«-r aliandonoil what is now tornii'il Olil Kiv<'r, It is tlnis soon that Rod Rivorha
from timo i(» time ohanufd its coiirso. sooniin;;lv for nn other roason than to !<hiirtei
its r»>uti'. Thr nanio I'ano Rivor is now a]»p]io«] to all tlio ol«l Im'iI fmm Nati-hitm'hf
n]» to R«'«l Ri\or. and from Twi'nty-four Milr Forrv ih»wii tt» Rod Rivor, as wel
as to tlir intormodiato ]iorti(»n. oxicinlinju: in all a «listanor of nhont 128 kiloinotm
Wlirn Lonisiana %\as s^ttlod tho land ahmp this rivor was oarly Miu*;lit out an*
hron^rhi nnd<T onltivation. and now oimstitutos tho tinost fanus in tho Stnto. Cnl
tivation i> oontinod almost i'x»"lnsivoly to ootton. whirh yields horo niost abundant!;
in quantity ami oxii-llonT ipiality. Tlioro aro nt» statistirs ko]»t of the ooninioroe. J
stoamhoat i-ajialdo of <arryinjj l.S<)J^ hah-s of «'otton nnulc ton trips up the riviT ]a«
soa>on. 'Vhv town of Nat»-liitorlit»s, on the riiiht hank, nhont S kiiomotros below th
h«'ad 4»f tho rivrr. has about li.i'HH^ inhabitants. Tho Toxas and PariJio Railway rnn
nearly jKiralbd with, and from '2 to 10 kilomrtros fmm Cano ]\lvor. iVoni Nati'hitoohef
whrro it bavos tlu' rivi'i*. down to tho month.
Canalization is tho only ]>ossiblo modo of inii)r4»v<'nion1. 1HM•ans4^ «»f the laok o
wator for any otln-r mot hod. Thrro is a ih»aii,oloar bod. about 12 motres deep au(
14."» nn'tn-s wide. hi;:h and dry abovo low water, save for tho small stream supplier
by tho drainapo a voa of 1, ;*><)») sipiaro kilomotros. Tho annual rainfall is nhont IJV
niotros. or 2.2Si).(^H)j>X) «'ubio motros from tho whole aroa. and the disoharge ai tli*
mouth of Cano Rivor wasl.tNH\(^XN'ubi«inotros per day. with Red River 3 metres a l»ovt
exlronu' b»w watrr. Tin* fall thri»nirh Cano RiviT is 4.7 motros at hi^h water nni
9.'A motn s at low wator from Natrhitorhrs t»> tho month. To tho low-water fal
must bo addrd sutli* iont hoiixht toohtain rosfivoir j'aparity to snppiv water for hM'k
as;o and Icakairo and t<> atfonl dral't for hoats. whicli would make the total lif
alu»ut 11 «»r ir» motros. This boinir diviilnl into l\ lifts of 5 nietn'8 eneh pivo* j
rosiTvoir raparity 271.(HX^.(XH> oubii- motros. With b»oks 20 metrt*8 wide and 0
mrtirs lon-j. oarh loi-kin«r would roi|uiii* bnt t>.lXX> onbii- nn^tres. The discharyre o
Rod Kivt-r at oxtrt'uio Inw watrr is ])robably about 0.1HX">.(H^> onhir metres per day
and hair of tho ahovo ostimat<'d ra]iarity of i.'ano Rivor wonld be suflieient to donld*
thf <lis<'hai;;o of RimI Rivor at oxtioiuf b»w wator for a period of 30 days. Thi? cana
oou Id ilnn-lon.' bf ma«lr imiilon tally of ;rriat advantage to Rod Rivi-r. Tlie look
would ro>t abi»nt .*7.""».iHl<> tarli. or ?=2*J.'>.(»0JMbr tho wholo work, bnt no reliable est!
mati s 1 oi;lil 1m' mado ox»r]ii aitrr a survey of tho sito of thr lorks. It iskno^ni tlia
ri»rk I'liuuihition ran bo obtair:rd at not a ^reat depth, whioli would insure tho fea^i
bilit V of loiUin;;.
Tho fnllowinv: tabb* shows nlativo elevations in motros above Cario datum as de
tormiui-il by lino«« of b-vols at tho bead of tho riviT. aoross to Xatoliitoelu*s, and a*
tho niiiutli. whib» tho acoonipanyinv: traoinj: shows tho frot>^raidiieal jHtsition.
ri......
1
,11 W
,•1. V.
Ti»]» ol
Icnik.
11. !«'
.... 1';. "»
'21. :>
:■.■• f.
Mouili ..
I.I ^ ... .
:;.V u
lit nxir.
:-<>. •! ) i'aim dntniii. 21 .t^* fit t In-Ioiv Miji
::i'. I* '• iti«si|t]ii Ikhvr ('iiniiui:*siiiii pro
21. 'J ) visional nif. in (ill If levtrl.
To sum up till' n-'ilt*' nf ilu- i\:iiMi!r!'n''.i:
1. (':iui' ivivi r rail bo ronvirt«-d Iiiti* :traii:!l at a i-iKt of about $2.tW per kilometer
'J. riir i;ni:»I \vi.i:M h.- ol'^nat ad\;ni*:ii:o ti» \lvd liivor at b>w-wator mnisou.
'A. Tin- ]iro«»]ni t i\ «■ inmnu-rro on ilir ranal is imlctiuito. but ]»ndiably not eonsid
oraMi'.
\. \ >\\v\r\ wiiiild Im- nri't>sarv til doU'ruiin*' Im atiim and oost of looks aeeuratelv
Cnnvi'itiiiLi- c']rv;nii)ii< tVom iiiftri-.^ to iV'rt. aiitl using zero of Aloxan
dii;t ;::niur for <l:inim. the r:il»h' willi rcitaiii additions will sliow the
dri»Tli.< iiiid inM-ins 1kt\v<mii the lu*ad ufCanr Hivt*r and Aloxamlna.
In .
n..-i <• '■ • v.:-..- .
N !.».- . . .
M ■ )!;: ■ ; • :'. ■ \y.\\ r
I."V\i i
.■.•.71
.■•■. •"».»
watw.
IVptb.
0.0 '
lloi^lit ot
Imtikfi.
M K
;u'.. .'.j>
0.7
7;«.S4
♦;. tw
1.0 '
M. 3i
1.4^
8.0
3S.0(
0. <rr
5.6
34. W
o.ou
&0
34. a
.*
:• J- .nil It.
APPENDIX V — REPORT OF CAPTAIN VvlLLARD. 2027
The following table gives the depths of tUe eJiaiine] through the fall«
above Alexandria, coiTcspondiiig to average and extreme low water on
the gauge:
Avera^t^ low
water,
19 years.
Extreme low
wat«*r,
Sept«'mber,
1881.
Alcxamlrin jzaage —1.8 ' —3.7
I>r>pthon Lower Falls I +».9 . +2.0
Depth on Upper Falls I +6.3 i +4.4
The tables show that with a slope of lesH than tive-tenths foot the
river would have to be at hnist 20 feet on the Alexandria gauge to en-
able boats to enter the mouth of Cane Kiver on 4 fe(»t draft, thus
agreeing with former reports and with tlie statcMnent of pilots engaged
in the Ked River trade. They also show that Re<l liiver would have to
be improved by loeksand dams at and above Alexandria to give ''i>er-
manent navigation the year round '' of at least 0 feet, without whieh
the desired improvement of Cane liiver could not be used at midsummer
low stages of lied liiver except for local business, as already stated.
Major Howell submitted i)rojeets in 1874 for l(M*ks and dams, and a
canal at the falls of Alexandria to cost from *8(),(H)0 to §100,000, but
the work was only intended to relieve navigation over the falls. !N^o
action was taken upon the plan, and as a survey is now in jnogress to
furnish a basis for a i)ermanent improvement of lied liiver, it is not
probable that anything will be done until a new plan has been submitted
(Repoi-t Chief of Engineers, 1875, page 904). I do not think it necessary,
therefore, to review Assistant lOngineer Miirshall's approximate esti-
mate of $225,000 for three locks, excei)t to say that unless the sites
should happeikto fall when* the firmest foiuidations could be had, it is
my opinion that a lift of 15 feet would be too great, and that four or
probably five locks and dams would be rc^cpiired. This would increase
the cost of the improvement very materially.
The estimate, howev^er, is much too small, for, as the river rises and
fiills nearly 40 feet, the locks would have to be of the most substantial
type of masonry, as they would be submerged during floods, and the
dams would have to be provided with navigable passes, to be used as
soon as the water would reach a stage that would prevent maneuvering
the gates.
No estimate can be made of the ])robable cost of such an improvement
without an exhaustive survey to determine the number and positions of
the dams, the cjiaraeter of the foundations, and the* amount of reyetment
and levee work that might be needed ; and this would be an expensive
undertaking.
By using the survey of Red liiver from Grand Ecore to Alexandria
on the one hand, and the levels of the Texas and Pacific Railway on
the other, it may be done for 812,0(M), provided there should be no seri-
ous interruptions on account of high water or sickness. I do not recom-
mend the survey, however, because I do not consider Cane liiver worthy
of improvement by locks and dams or by any other method, or the work
a i)ublic necessity. On the contrary, following the principles that
should govern in any idan for im])roving Red River, Cane River should
be treated as an injurious outlet, and its upper end, which has been
gradually filling u^), should be permanently closed by a dam and levee
2028 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
to ronlino tlie fioiKl \viit<Ts to the main river. No furtlier exaiiiuiatic
or survey is necessary.
Very resi)eetl\illy, your obedient sen'ant,
J. H. WlLLARD,
Captain^ Corps of EngineerM.
Brig. (len. Thomas L. Casey,
(liivf of Engineers, U. S. A.
(Throu<?h Col. C. B. ConistiK-k. Con>s of Engineers, Division Eng
neer. Southwest l>ivision.)
[First indorsement.]
U. S. Engineer Ofpick,
Southwest Division,
New York\, January 12^ 1891.
Respectfully forwarded to tlie Chief of Engineers.
Tor the reasons state^l, I concur in the opinion of the district oflS«
that Cane I^iver is not worthy of improvement by locks and dams, i
suggested in the ri v^r and harl)or act of September lO. 1890, section 1
C. B. COMSTOCK,
Colonel of Engineers^ Bvt. Brig. Gcn,^ U. 8. -A.,
Division Engineer.
V 21.
rRET.T^riN.VTJY EXAMINATION OF nAYOU CASTOR, LOUISIANA.
[Priutt^l in Ho;isi> Ex. I)oi\ No. 185, Fit'ty-fint Ooiigre«s. second sesclon.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers^
UniteJd States Army,
Washington^ 1>. C, January 15 j 1891.
Sir: I have the honor to submit, the accompanying copy of repoi
dated January 7, ISOl, by Capt. Joseph H. Willard, Cordis of Eng
neers, uixui the preliiiiary examination of Bayou Castor, Louisiana
made in conii>liance witli requirements of the river and harbor act ai
prove<l September 10. 181H).
In view of the small oommer(»ial interests to be benefited iCaptai
AVillard is of the oi)inion that the loc»ality is not worthy of iinpmvi
ment. This opinion is cimcurred in by the Division Engineer, Col. (
B. Comstock. Cori>s of Engineers, and by this office.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant^
Tiios. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen.^ Chief of Engineerg.
lion. ItKDFiKLD Proctor,
^'<(vretary of War.
repokt of captain j. ii. willard, corps of engineers.
United States Engineer Office,
Viekshurg, Miss.^ January 7, 1891.
CiKNKRAL: I have the honor to submit the following report- upon tli
preliminary examination of Bayou Castor, Louisiana, required by se<
tions 17 and 18 of the aot of Congress approved September 19, 1890, an<
assigned to nie by your letter of Sept<'iui)er 20, 1890.
Biiyot! Castor, with its tributary creeicH, drairiR a portion of ttie i-oiiii-
try south of the Vifikaburg and Shreveport Biiilroiid and west of t)io "
Oiiiichita Kiver, flowing ftom 0 t« 8 miles fhim the latt«r for a coiisid-
eriibl« distance ttlwve and below Columbia. Its ^neral course is ■
wiiitherly to its junction with Dugdemona River, latitnde 31° 50', lon-
gitude !Hi° 20', furniing Idttle River, a stream ttiat flows into what is
called Catahoula Lake, which is drained into Ked Eiver iind Unachita,
and sometimes filled by high water ftmn the latter through another
Little River at Trinity, where the "l''onr Rivers" meet. Catahoula
Lake is dry in summer and graHs gr()wn. Bayou CJastor is the same
kind of stream as Dugdemona River, winch was examined by me in
1887 and reported js not worthy of improvement. Assistant Davis
reported Dugdemona River iis only a t«rtuo«s ereek, flowing through
an uninhabit«d swamp about 2 miles wide, the Murroiinding country
hilly, and the soil thin, (Report Cliief of Kngineers, 1887, page 1489).
Assistant Engineer E, K. Buck, Jr., was* dispatched from the Bed
River survey at Alexandria, La., Octiibcr lU, 1800, and directed to
make a personal examination of Bayou ('ustor, beginning at the moutU
and ascending as high as piacticablc, Tlie ti:>lluwing is taken from his
report:
Tliuro I Inft tlio Flmviiai uuU, MourinK the
■, jjriK'ppilL'il aurosB isonutry to the monUi of
I wi'ived tliure uu the mumiiiK of tlio I7th
H order t*i buuikI and get uiiireut voloeity
11.11 .n I'jii- :iH CiiBtor Sulphur
■.1 til, iii'iisit^v uf the BwampB
■ !iil iiiiMiiiiry biiyoua it wns
'■ I! u . iilnT in a vehiule or on
I uiy rlnj.. ti. attwupt it im fimt.
vilh logR and Slings tliut ov<-ii It
a been iiupuHHiblo to go up by
We Brrived at Alexandria Outubut 10.
aoTviccB of a doable team uiid drivi-r
Bayon Castor, a distance of 43 u
and went up the bayon about bnlf u luita ii
in that vicinity.
After leaving the month 1 piimn!. il :>,, ili. r,
SpriDCEi, about 25 milea l^om the i < '
on both BiAea uf tlie bayou and tin ii
imposeible to follow the bayou rli.H< I .
horseback, and it woulil liiive beuii n -< li — >> < 1 1, "i'
Farther, the bayou at that stage nii» w lilnikfit up
a skitr or dug-ont had been proi;iifablo it would ba^
that moana.
However, I stinck the bayou wherever it was pciLctiiiable to do ho, and saw unnun
of it auil secured sufHuitiit information from the uativeslu ascertain the value of tl
struum and the advisability of attemptiug improvouiuut.
Bayou Castor in conjunction with Dugiieuioiiu Kivor Ibi'uia Little River, uuil. ut
the stage at which it waa exauitued, ruruishes not more tbau one-tenth us niiich
water to that river a* the other tributary. This is not 60 much on account of dif-
ference in croB* aectioa an in corrent velocity. The current in Bayou Castor ueiir Its
month is atiout oue'tbiTd mile per bonr, while that of Dugdemona River is not leas
tliftu 3 milea p«T hour.
Bayon Castor is of very uniform cross seetiou, with atoep banlcs, and throughout
its entire length is a succession of bends mure ur less uliarp. There aro no murkod
irregulBrities or bar formations. As high us Castor 8nlphnr Springs it runs thruiigli
dense awomps and its banks are covert^ with undcrbrueh and trees down to I^e
water's edge. The channel is filled with snags, brash, cypress trees, and knoea.
From parties well acquainted with the bayou I learned that the irbaracter of
the stream, though greatV diminished in size, and the country through wbicb it .
nine ia mooh the same above Castor Sulphur Springs as below. From top to top of J
banks near the mouth the bojou is about 300 feet wide, and Jhim water's edge to 1
water's edge about 60 feet. lu that vicinity soundings in the deepest part raugod4
from .1 to □ feet. The water was 3 feet above lowest stage. There the bnohH a~
fWun 17 to 30 feet high and the water in tinii! of flood rencbes 8 or 10 feet over t
bonks. The range of fluotnatiou is, therefore, about 30 feet.
At the Peodarvis place, 10 miles abovii the mouth, the banks are about 1£> feet
high; ftont top to top of bonks the bayou is ITS feet wide; from water's edge to
water's edge U) to 50 feet. Vclnoity of current in poids la about one-half mile pec
hour; onrapidsaboutSmilesperhour. Stage about 3 feet above extreme low water, I
Dnptli fi'om 12 tn 3 fi»t. The bayou breaks up iuto a ttucueseion of pools and rapids ■
■boat 7 miles abuvo the mouth.
At tilt' Pendarvis place thc^ buck water rviK'hivi about 20 fbot above low water, L
fmUict from above liaa roiu-lipd un high aa 40 feet above low water. Tbia excussi . .
Rood height ia doubtless dun to great uoutru<-lioii of liigh-wuter section cauwd by ,
(ho hills coining in to Iho biijou.
At Ciwlor Sulphur l^priugs the baj'ou is 110 feot from top to lop oE 'bM&La ua& ^ ^
2030 RFPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
fe«»t fn»m water's rtljn* to water's od^re. Tin* Imiiks are ahout 15 feft hich auti the
water o Itn-t deep wIh-u 5 t"et*t above extreme low water, at which stage the bayoa u
almost «lrv.
HaekwaiiT has iieviT rea<he<l a higher point than 3 miles lielow Castor Siilphiii
^prinjjs; but l'r«*slu't water reaelies :ii) t'et-t above low water. No examination wa*
made above Castor Su})diiir Springs, as the impraetieability of making; any impntve"
meat below devi'btps into impossibility above. As stated, the bayou runs through a
dense swamp vary in jl; in width from one-quarter to 3 miles. In places the pine hilU
come up to th<- bayou bank.
tStatisties as to tlu* (b^mands of commerce and the business done on this bftvou are
necessarily crude and uncertain. However, enough could be jjathered I'or praeticii]
purpost»s. an»l I am liberal in allowance. From Castor .Sulphur Spriuirs to the innuth
of the bay (HI tli<>re ar** four or tive >mall ] dan tat ions. The swamiit» bordering on the
bayou are iiu>:r))able oi cultivation, the jdaces being on the hills.
The hijihest point evi-r reaihed by a steamboat was 3 miles below Casttir Sniphui
S]>rin;>s. or 2'2 miles above thi* mouth. Tin* highest pidnt reAcIuHl by steamboat dur-
ing past -S yeari% vaecordiug to K. H. IVndarvis) wa»* S miles above the mouth.
Howi'Vi-r, tlat boats for larryiuij out staves have gone higher. The Imyou is naviga-
ble during 4. or .*> months in tlie year. One or two lioats i^o u]) tlie bayon in asen&oii.
The amount of business done yearly is about as fidlows:
Pine lojjs rafted, 2l\iHK\ at about iV cents per lo;; $12, rtV
Staves rarried »»ut. 10. iKX\ at about ^V2'* per l.'»iX> 1. L».Vl
Cotton and men-haiulise uncertain and inconsiderable, but aluuit itWV
Total 13.i5CI
M^o the amount of business done on this bavou ean Uiit exceed by liberal estimate
^i'lH.iXH).
From Castor Sul]ihur Sprin;;s to the mouth the Houston. Central Arkansas and
N'ortheru Railroad runs at a distance from the bayon in most places not ex«-ee4Ung I
or - miles, and nev«'r exceeding 4 miles.
Exce]it when high water is backed uj» fnuu below no boat can get nn the bayon.
When the bayou is high from head water the fluctuation is too ra]»id and the current
tiM> strong to admit of navigation among the sharp bends, overhanging trees, and
cntss currents.
An estimate of theeost of clearin>: the channel of trees, ey^iress knees, and snags,
and the banks of overhauiring tn-es can be put at .**Jl)i) per mile, or for the i"* miles
u]> to Castor Sulphur .^priuirs, ^iCuW. After this is done it is questionable if naviua-
tion would be more tliau sli^lnly facilitated, Iterause <if sharp bends and swift cur-
rents. Cutiiuir bends and tln-reliy straight fuiuij the stream is altogether impracti-
cable and no reiiietly forexistiii;; tlitlimliit's. In faet the character of the stream
and the country through which it llows. in my opinion, renders any attempt at im-
provement inadvisable.
The railroad luoiitionetl above now lornis part of the Missouri Paoitio
system. It eoimeets with the Iron Mountain and Southern Kailway
near Arkansas City, tonehes the Ouarhita at Monroe, and crosses it
near Columbia. l«i., and runs near ami iJaraUel to Kayou Castor, cross-
ing Little Kiver just below the junrtion of r>ayoii Castor and Duuile-
mona Kiver u|M»n a lixed bridge, approveil as authorized by the act of
Congress approvetl August l», ISSS. Th«» roatl is now in o^xM-atiou south-
ward as far as the erossingof the Chiaehita. about 4 miles above Colum-
bia, and will ])erliaps be eomjileled .during the year as far as Alexan-
tlria. on lied Kivt* r.
The fliief funcTitm of these streams is to drain the neighlwring coun-
try, and the only business done mi them is rafting timber and tlOi'itin^
out staves on tlatbt»;its. Sonu» years ago, it is said, a small steamboat
asriMHb'd OugdfiMona IJivrr nearly as high as WinntlehUbut could not
lind a i>hi<r to turn around and had t«» baek down. The l>oat barelv
rsraiHMl loss, thr ii|»iu*r wurks bring rarried away by overlianjriujr liui-
brr during thr tripdiiwn stream. Little Kiver, from the juuctiou of
Dugdrmona and r»ay«»u c':ist4»r. was rxamined in 1SS7 and rejiorted
un\\orrhy i»f imprn\riiirni r\rr]d for abnul L*."* miles bet wtH?n Catahouhi
Lakr and Ouarhita Kivrr. at Trinirx. La., for which an estiinatt^ of
.'?-,.'»oo was matlr •• Torom]>U*ii»." Thr amount wa^ai»pn»priatednndhas
bri^n rxprudrd. and uo fuithrr rsiinuitr has bern made for the purpiuse.
APPENDIX V REPORT OF CAPTAIN WILLARD. 2031
The small amount of business of the eoxmtry along Dugdemona and
Bayou Castor has been done by teaming to Oufiehita River, or by tiat-
boat down through Little Eiver. I'liis will soon be absorbed by the
new railroad, so that there should be no need of improving liayou Cas-
tor, even if it were practicable.
Assistant Engineer Buck's estimate of $200 the mile, or $5,000 for the
25 miles from Castor Sulphur Springs to the mouth, is, in my oi)inion,
much too low. The stream has never been worked and is obstructed
by raft, stumps, and heavy timber and brush to the water's edge. It
would cost not less than |200 the mile to clean both banks, $;U)0 the
mile, or more, to clear the channel, with an extra allowance for (rutting
the sharp points to enable boats to make the bends. The current being
sluggish, the greater part of the timber removed would have t4) be
hauled beyond overflow to prevent forming new obstrm^tions before the
work should be flnished. Incidentally the work w(mld benetit the neigh-
boring cx)untry by improving the driiinage and reclaiming lands now
under water.
In view of the facts set forth, I do not think Bayou Castor, Louisiana,
worthy of imi>rovement or the work a public necessity. No fiirthcr
examinations or surveys are needed.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J^ H. WiLLARD,
Caiytairtj Corps of EnginecTs, '
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey^
Chief of Engineers^ 6 . IS. A,
(Thrtmgh Col. C. B. Comstock, Corps of Engineers, Division Engi-
neer, Southwest Division.)
[First indoraeiuent.]
U. S. Engineer Office,
Southwest Division,
Kew Yorkj January 12, 1S!)1.
Respectfully forwatded to the Chief of Engineers.
For the reasons state<l I c()n<*ur in the opinion of the district officer,
that Bayou Castor is not worthy of improvement by the United States.
C. B. Comstock,
Colonel of Engineers,
Bvt Brig, Gen,, U. S, A,,
I^ivision Engineer.
^
APPENDIX W.
IMPROVEMENT OF ARKANSAS RIVER, ARKANSAS, INDIAN TERRITORY, AND
KANSAS, AND OF CERTAIN RIVERS IN ARKANSAS AND MISSOURI.
REPORT OF CAPTAIN H. S. TABER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER IN
CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAH ENDING JUNE SO, 1891, WITH OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS,
IMPROVEMENTS.
1. Remoying obstructions in Arkansas
River, Arkansas, Indian Territory,
and Kansas.
2. Arkansas River, Arkansas^ Indian Ter-
ritory, and Kansas.
3. Fourclie River, Arkansas.
4. Petit Jean River, Arkansas.
5. White River, Arkansas.
6. Cache River. Arkansas.
7. Little Red Kiver, Arkansas.
8. Black River, Arkansas and Missouri.
9. Black River, Missouri.
10. St. Francis Itiver, Arkansas.
11. St. Francis River, Missouri.
12. Little liiver, Missouri and Arkansas.
EXAMINATION.
13. Current River, from Van Burcn, Missouri, to its mouth.
United States Engineer Office,
Little Rock, ArJc,, July i, 1891.
Oeneral: I have the honor to transmit herewith the annual reports
for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1 801, upon the works under my charge.
I am, sir, very respe(jtfully, your obedient servant,
H. S. Taber,
CaptaiUy Corjps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers, if. 8. A.
Wi.
removing OBSTRUCTIONS IN ARKANSAS RIVER, ARKANSAS, INDIAN
territory, and KANSAS.
ENG 91
2034 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENoixEERS, U. S. ARMT.
character of its lower portion and the tendencies now manifest in i
upper reaches, it may be inferreil upon ven- substantial gronnds th
shiftiug sand bars, nUmerous drift piles, and dangerous snags chars
terized the obstacles to navigation in the lower reaches: and gravel ai
rock shoals, with a few snags and many overhauging trees, constitut
those of the upper reaches. The records of this office indicate ths
ex«*oi)t at a few phiccs, such as Pine Pluti*, Ark., and Fort Smith. Arl
the general plan of improvement has consisted of snagging operatioi
whicli includes cutting overhanging trees, and in building wing dams
improve the slioals, the idea being to affiuil temporary i^elief to navi;;
tion until com]>lcte surveys should render it i>ossible to project a iil;
for the radical and pennanent impvovenient of the navigable ixn-tion
the entire river. For tlie exceptions noted attention is ivsi>frtfu!
invited to rejtorts upon these special eases. The api>ropriatious ha
been made sometimes for the entire navigable reaeh and sometimes 1
certain sct^tious. The grand total of all these appi'opriations up
June 30. ISta. amount to .^4S5,l>51,;^7. Of this there had been esi>end
up to June .SO. 1890. .'?3lU.L*88.07, exelusive of certain sums aggregati
over $100,000 that were apjtropriated with the Mississippi and M
souri rivers, so as not readily to be determined. The most perniane
result of all this expenditure consists in a series of maps made by
T. Abert from a survey of the river from Fort Gibson, Ind T., to I
Rock, Ark., 3 miles above Little Rock, Ark., m the year 1870. and a
another series of maps IVom Wichita, Kans., to Fort Gibson, Ind.
from a survey in 1884. From the nature of the case the balance
the work has been each year a repetition of that of ]>receiliug yea
One iiiHi-lnilled snag boat and one light-draft wtHKlen snag bo
with all the a]>i>lianees necessary for snagging operations were t
visible signs nf the balanee, while the gratitude of those interested
the navigatlmi of the river for a navigation rendered yearly less a
less dangerous by the oi)t»rations of these two boats is the only evidei
existing, and the only evidence to be expeeteil, of work that must
done in a stream like this, until by some system of i>ermanen
caving banks no longer exist and the annual quota of snags is no Ion*
furnished. The most ec^>nomicnl management of snag boats requi
not less than .'?35,000 annually to give absolutely indisi>ensiible aid
navigation, a navigation in which a vast amount of commerce is vita
interested.
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1801, §0,3:.W.43 was ex]iend
in the care and running expenses of the Fnited States snag bmit Wiehi
During most of that time tlie Arkansas River has Ihmmi too high for eftV
ive snagging operations, yet during that time about 30l> dangen
snags were removed, about -.000 overhanging trees cut. and over 13,<
trees ib-adened. Pursuing the steady judiey of operating the Ixtatoi
at oi near low water, the l>ahinee has been reserved for use during i
ni'xt \\>r'A\ year. This will enable me for the lirst time to enter u\
an etVi-riive and systematic removal of obstructions, but to do anyth
lik4* thnnmgh Avork the ai»]»ropriation was much t<w small. Th
ou;^lil to he at least •'?7lKOno expended during the next fiscal yc
From all ]»reseiit appearanres the snagb«»at ('. 7^. /iVf«c. which has bi
otVtTed for sa!r lo the Mississij)]>i Kiver (.'onunission and also to
^Missnuri Ki\r! i n^niniNsioii. neiiher of A\hieh bodies wish to make '
purrhase. will laakr a iTdojl io\vl>nat I'ov X\io work of impi'oving Ark
sas IJiver, Ai kMii-^a^. imlian Terriuny. ami Kansas, and may be sole
that work fnr a >utii«i«'iii miui of money to build an entirely new su
boat modrhdafrer the Wichita.
B difficulty DOW contended with is that I have not Builiciuot plant
isb snagging operations during the ahort> peiiod of extreme \ow
ESbrta will be made to conBummate this sale and build the new boat
(lurJttg the next ilscal year.
If on or about the opening of the fiecnl year beginning July 1, 1802,
the sum of $70,000 con Id be in band and an effective clearance of the
Arkansas Uiver could be secured, this would render it possible, with
the advance in the permanent improvements, to maintain tho channel
frtt' ii-oni snags by taking the two snag boats as towboata on the per-
manent iniprovements and using tbeni for snagging operations Kuch few
times as might be necessary.
Furthei', the time has come in the progress of improvements on this
river when it is my duty to recommeud that, if possible, the money fop
Bnaggtng be appropriated under the same head as that Cur the porma-
netit improvement of the river, as it will save iu engineering and oflice
expenses, as now two separate seta of pai>era have to be kept, wheri-as
only one set of papers need be kept, and yet so much money might
always be used for suagging purposes, the papers showing all the tim«
exactly to what purpose moneys were appUed. This would pra<rtically
increase the plant available for both work and will be a matter of econ-
omy in many ways. The goal that hoa been so long sought in reference
t« the opening of the Ai-kausas Kiver is rapidly being neaietl. It has
taken persistent effort and strict adherence to a systematic plau in tho
face of much adverse eriticismj but 3 years more of the same work will
8bow that even with smalt appropriations, if there is an economical fol-
lowing of a careftiUy devised plan, a river very thickly populated witll
BUB^ may be eventually o]>eiied.
COMMEBOB,
■iL
■■■K stated in this report this work was begun in 1833, and there are I
^^ffrecorda available in this office to show what commerce, if any, passed 1
'over this river. In 1852 a gentleman in Little Rot^k lost five out of six '
of the steamboats owned and run by him in one season, due to nnags.
Navigation must have been uncertain in 1833, and commerce light.
It is estimated tliat insurance and freight rates have been reduced
one-third by the improvement already effected. As to effect upon
rates of competing routes of transportation, there are many points where
there is no competition. Where there are, cotton is carried at 25
to 50 cents per bale cheaper by water than by rail, and other merchan-
dise accordingly. This must keep railroad rates down. As to pros-
pective advantages to commerce, if completed, observation shows that
■whenever the snag boats, by thorough work, get the channel reasonably
well ftlciired, the boats nin night and day, eagerly taking advantage of
tJie brief interval before appropriations fall and tho annual cn»p of snags
c«D not therefore be removed. As to benefits to community, if oom-
r nothing better can be furnished under this head than a letter
e little Bock Board of Trade, of date as follows, viz :
LriTLE KocK BoAKD OP TaASE,
UHU Bock, Ark., June S, 2891.
PXAX 8ik; Owing to cMinsiderablo aicknesa during the month of May I was not
ablo to gi\ii the attfiiitjuii to thn i.iUyctirni of river 8tatiBtii.'B tha,i 1 would hftve likeit
lint I bare Duulc coiuiiddriibli^ sBurt tu obtuiii the doiiiniil inlbnuutiou uad towpaot-
rolljr »nliinil tJm rolluwiiijj :
From llio boat iufonuniiou h
II get tliu tonuttge of fTDi};ht curried lias in
2036 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
about 43 per cent, since onr report of July 27, 1886, and the total tonnan in rou
numbers amounts to about 46.000 tons. This includes the freij^ht carrieiiDy boata
and out of Little Kock. and not the entire river ralloy, the statistics for which ^
were not able to get. It is estimated that the river business would increase abo
50 per cent, if the river was iiunroved. The board certainly appreciates your eftbi
in behalf of our rivers, and siiKvrelytrusts the necessary appropriations wilUte ma
by Conp:res3 to carry onthi3>vork. the importance of which can not be overestimate
Assuring yuu the board's hearty cooperation.
1 remain yours, very trul^',
E. S. Greene, Secretary,
Capt. H. S. Taber,
^'. .S. Engineer 9.
To ^ive the advantages to commerce if completed ftilly, would be
enter upon the commerce of a great State, and would require an amou
of time tor compilation and record that would be entirely out of the qu<
tion. It is forecasting the future of the State's metropolis and raiiro;
center. All that i)revents two-thirds of the freight now sent and i
ccivcd at Little Kock from being handled by the river is the fact th
there arc months of groat uncertainty, and the time lost by the boa
exhausts the profits. The rapid increase in prosperity of this St;i
during the 7 years spent at this of^ce reminds me more of the fronti
gro^^ t li of the West than the growth of a State the ageof this one. A ji
conciptiontan only be I'ormed by looking at some great fertile river vail
in tlir Northern or I^astern States as they were years ago, andas they a
now sinee settled up. with its river improved. What benefits have i
cruiMl to tlint eonnuunity will surely accrue to this, with this Oilditit
that tlu» miueral resources ol* this valley are to be added. Itseoal pre
ucts alone and its wealth of timber will place it well to the fore. Wh
The vast arroage of the Indian Territory is brought under eultivati
its i)roduets nmst go this way. That well-known and exceedingly f
tile State of Kansas will find Fort Smith and Little Bock it« neari
water outh*t eventually. It will l>e seen how difficult it is to bau(
this ipiestion briefiy if it is Iwirne in mind that with deep water to Xi
Orleans frcMU the Gulf, the Mississippi improved, and the Arkansas Bi\
navigable t<» Little Kock by boats drawing 5 feet of water, we have t
comlitions likely to exisi when the improvement is completed. I ba^
thorofore, only aitein]>ied to outline this matter, and trust that wh
this ])ortion ot' the rei>ort is read a map of the territory covered m
be hiul in niiml. as this will juobably be of itself the strongest pn
that t!ie he'ietiis likely to accrue can but be too vast to be summariz
in a rei)ori liki' this.
Money statement.
«
July 1. IS'ji). bahiTiro iimxpomletl $1,674
AiiiiiiiMt ;tiiTiropriaUil l>y art approved September 19, 1890..... 20,000
21.674
Juiir:'>". \>'M, :i:i.i>iiiit expended during fiscal year .r 9,330
.Ir/.y 1. 1>:*1. l«;i!;jT^( f uTioxi>ended 12,344
.hily 1. 1>.'.1. n;it>M!nliiijj: liabilities 1, 227
July 1. IVM. l.jl.iiuv available 11,11€
.\iv.ii;'.".t fs'lriuitfl' n'ip;iri-cl for oonipli'tion of existing project 35,000
\:i.i^;..r :1: i* = :i:Mi ^ri<:.T i''l> '-Ni'i'iukMl in tisc-alyoar ending JuneSO, 1898 70,000
>.■.:••:;: rni i:-. r,.iii;-'.= i:i.t with ivi|ui rem cuts of sections 2 of river ajid
ii..: i." a--> .»r l^io .iiiil U^G7.
ASTtaSDOi W — ^BBFOnr OP CAFTAlH TABEB.
ErptTUie aitcouai.
y rolls «6.936.26
«siippliM 1,186.86
Oenexal snpplieB 727.89
TruiispiiTtntioD 5. 65
TrftveliiiK expenses 05,65
Fuel 34a. 36
BtaOoiiery 33.60
Beat 40.00
0,328.28
Beaervedin United States Treusnrj for freight charges 3.11
9,330.43
Work daring the past season has been carried on under three differ- ^
ent acts of Cougtess.
By act approved August 6, 1886, 175,000 was appropriated under thia
bend, its distribution being indicated in the following words :uid tigures :
» IniproTemtnt, accoriliiitt to
usppcttvoly, OS mny
„ , of which th«re ue ! , - , .
and 010,000 ut Dnrdunelle, orso luuob thereof under thuee si
be nMCBWiry at these points.
All of tliis money except a email sum out of the $10^000 for Dar-
danelle having been expended prior to June 30, 1890, it is only neces-
sary to summarize the project for Dardanelle, as follows : At Dardaiielle
the 410,000 is to be expended in erecting a permeable dike above and
opposite the town, iu snch a position as to remove the sand h&x now in
front of the wharves.
By Mt which became a law August 11, 1888, 9150,000 were appropri-
ated under this bead, its distribntioa being indicated in the following
words and figures:
ImpponuBArkansasEiver.ArkanBaB: Continuing improvement 8160,000: Fravided,
Tliii' iniiliiii;; Iit'roio coQlainod shall anthorize the Secretary of War to eriur uimn
:l^[llvelnent of said river as set forth in the rejiort of tlie Booril of En-
Kivement of Arkansas River bora Witchita,KaaB.,ta its mouth, liatiMl
. March 16, 18SS, ami coutained in House Ex. Doc. No. 231, fiftieth
i , i h.it the Secretary of War shall expend the appropriation ir
lii'jid iMlti rffcrence to tile final improveiuont of this river ae contemplated
port of the Chief of Engineers for the year ending Jnns 30, 1885, and aa autbnrf:
In tlui act for the Improvement of rivers and harbors, approved Angngt 5, 188fi, >.-
in Honae Ex. Doo., Ku. 90, Foity-ninth Congress, first sewion, aaid methoda to h
ftppUod sa the Si^cretarf of War may direct at such points hetweon Wirhita, Rons.. .
and the navigBhle inoiitb of the Arkansas Eiver at its jnnction with the MiMisBippi
Sivet, Mhe maydeemfor the beet interests of commerce. And all moneys now ta the
credit of different Beotinns of the ArkanssB Blver, other than the anpropriutioits for
the oparsting of the snag boats, sbiUl be avaUnble for use under tms liuiul; and in
ftitnie the engineer in charge of tltis worlt and the Secretary of War slioll make re-
port upon the progress and needs of this nork under this head instead of reporting
npoii dWonnected projecto us heretofore. NoUiiog herein contained sluiU be undor- ,
ntntd to prevmt the Secretary of War from applying any part or all ftinds previously
appropriated for use at Fort Smith, Dardanelle. in Pino Bluff Beat^h, or &om expend-
lug not exceeding t8,000 as a contingent fund for expenditure in Pine Bluff Beacli.
2038 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
By act approved September 10, ISOO, >5lS0,(iOO were appropriated, its
distri])urioii beiug indicated as follows:
Iin]>Toviii;; Arkaii!>;is Kivor. Arkansas. Indian TreriT(*ry. and K:insa«. Continuing
improvement irom Wichita. Kans., to its mouth. ^180,IKK».
The approved projects for the expenditure of this snm may be sum-
marized a;? follows;
At Pine Blufl'. the ?8.t>00 i€i to be used in extending and repairing the
dikes, a portion of it to be held as a contingent, to watch the action of
the river: the idea being to cause the river to become less and less
dangerous to the town front. At Van Buren. the ??4.000 to be expended
in erecting a permeable flike at a suitable ix>int a little above the town
and upon the opposite side of the river, to contract the channel and pre-
vent it from leaving the city wharves. From Fort Gibson. Ind. T., to tlie
mouth of the river, the balance to be expanded in the erection of per-
meable dikes, and in one instance by rock excavation at the worst
places, or the places at which serious interference with the largest
amount of commerce Oi»curs, so far as the amount of ai^puipriatioii
will permit, looking towards the permanent improvement of the river,
to give a channel at least 6 feet deep and 200 feet wide fmm Little
liock to the mouth of the river, ^ia AVhite River Cut-oil', as provided
under the act of August 5, 188G, and an-all-year-round depth of water
of at least 2 feet from Little Rock, Ark., to Fort Gibstm, Ind. T.; un-
der all acts the work to be carried on by hii'ed labor and the pur-
rhase of material in o]>en market, as this is belie vcmI to be most eco-
nomical and advantageous to the Government. Before operations weiv
begun at Daidanelle a bad bar had formed along the town fi-ont, cut-
ting (»tl* all appn)ach to eithei wharf at low water or at medium stage.
At Pine Blnff, the condition before improvment may be found by re-
ferring to the ivport *• Improving Arkansas River. Ai'kansjis," "Pine
Bluff," Annual Report Chief of Enginei^rs. 18S7. page 1515, and wasol
so grave a nature that re-enumeration here would occupy too much spiwe.
From Fort Gibson to the mouth of the river, the river consists of alter-
nating bars and caving banks, with crossings more or less trouble-
some at low water, a few of the latter operating to effectually close
the river to navigation, at exti-eme low water for even boats draw-
ing but 2 feet of water. In all cases of this kind the crossings oc-
cur at points at which, while the river is falling from a 10-foot stage
to exti-eme low water, its water is so widely sjiread that it develops nc
channel at any point. Six years of careful study of this river, combined
with the testimony of the navigators of the river, all ixnnt to this fact
that the crossings are deep or shallow in pro]>ortion as the water is nar
r«)w or broad at or above the crossing, and that a very slight coutrae
lion, smh as that prcKluced by a few logs, tree tops, and sometimes claj
]nm])s. jnst sutliiient to give defining power to the current, will convert
a bad crossing into a good one.
During the lisoal year ending June 30, 1S91, the balance (;?2,llt».00
of the contingent provided in the act of August 11, 1888. was ex|>endec
in ri»Tijunition with the appropriation made by act approved Septem
l>er li>, ISIHK in the extension of Dike 2 and repairs to Dikes 3 and 4
This closes si>i*cial reports upon the Pine Bluff Reach.
To econoniizi* tini«* and space reference is here made to the last An
nnal Ro]iort ot' the Chief of Fngineers. ]>age 1J»34, for conditions wbicl
relate to the above inentionod work. This sum, with money firom tin
a]»]iropriation i»f act a]»]nov«Ml SeptiMnlwn* lt». ISIKI, extended Dike 2 2il<
li-it. and rejiaiird l>ikcs .i and l by tilling them to alxuit 17 feet al>f>v<
low water with brii>h and sand boxes, it was mv intention to submi
a drawing Rbowing (he dianges. Imt. the r«iiuiTkablp ppriod iif liigh
«-iit*r thut has prevailed has prevenlwl obraiiiinE "".v satistUctiJiy
tiata. The same satisfactory results wmliiiiie Ui liilluw tlio works a»
Iitretofore rL'])orted. Some atteiitiou will hava Ui l>c ffivi'n tn the work*
liore tn keep them in repair, but this will all ciinic nailer thosi- ue«es-
8ar>' t« hold a paving bend when ii'orks have been eieotiid to iinpi-o^'e ii
bar below, aiul as Ibe i^iofineH o{ this report are limited and nmcb sirMtt
liae been given to this locality during tlie past< 4 or 5 years, it is doubt-
lews fitting that Ihe river gftnerally be gi\-en tliia sx'Bce, and all inter-
ested parties be leferred to the reports of previous years, Proceeding
to the other two headHi where sjiecifled sums were appropriated, viz, .
ibr Uardanelle anil Van Buren, it nitiy be stated that, exeept viaita of '
iDsi>eetion, ini H:ork has been done at eithei' place.
At Uardaneile the results are mf>Mt gratifying. It only remains to
wiiteh developments and give fixation to the works at the proper time.
Tlie. very latest advices show that the entire bar has been removed as
oontemjilated. It will be remembered that this was pronounced an not
likely to be accomplished with the money asked for. The small balance
will be held for a time to watch developments. This work as a problem
of river engineering is very interesting, but can scarcely be elaborated
in a report like this. At Van Euren there is now no doubt but that
the dike will need extending 100 feet or more. Such extension nill not
till up the channel iu the draw if the present results form any guide,
The problem here is a very nice one, inasmuch as there is dangcT of
throwing a bar under the draw span of the bridge in the attempt to
tiirow the channel against the wharf. The dike will be estpnded dur-
ing the coming season under ])roper anthoriti- as a part of the general
plan tor the improvement of the river.
This brings this report to the improvement of the Arkansas Biver a
a whole. Before entering upon this report attention is briefly invited
to the fact that the work covers at least 710 milejs of river, and there
liave been $330,000 wherewith to work, where *iMHI.000 was asked ibr;
or, to pnt it in another way, the engineer is ex]>C('tedto enter upon the
improvement of the river with about * 170 jiir mile, when the least esti-
mate calls for over *14,(HH) jier mile. F;ii-infi tliese conditions, evidently
about the only thing to be done is to select tlic places that afifect the
greatest amount of commerce, and improve them as far as the sum ap-
propriated will permit.
Aeting upon this planjduring the fistsl year $04,201.01 have been ex-
pended, as tbllows. viz: Two dikes, eaeh 400 feet long, were erected ia -
the reaeh above Fort Smith — i. p„ from Fort Smith to 3 miles above.
Two dikes about 30 miles above Fort Smith were well advanced towards '
eoiupletiou. For this work also a new hull was built for the qxiartsf '
boat Lizeito. These works affect a great deal of commerce. Siiicocom-
pletion the water lias remained too high to determiiu) their eS'ects.
At Moores ICocks, about 30 miles below Fort Smith, work was begun
in July escavating the channel proposed there, but hiul to be suspended
wbun 260 cubic yards of rock hatl been removed ou aci-ouut oi high
water, and the water has remained too high ever since Ibp the work.
To economize space it may be noteil here tiiat this is an unusual coniU-
tion of things and has delayed' the works generally npon the river. Tlie
cofferdam is still intact, and work will be resiuned whenever the water
permitB. Beginning about 2 miles below Pine Bluff, 5 dikes have been
erected, one 450 feet long, two 800 feet long, one SOT feet, and one 1,200
" ' The above dikes are located in the bine prints" sent herewith and
I
arkoil A", A, A|, Aj, ard B. Tliew are HiB permf^ahle dikfi* 1
. [ospribi-*! ill Jimuer icfioits, and always from 7 fcot to 0 feet abovali
water, except A", wliii^U is carried liiglioi" at tlio sborc end. Higb water
.prevents any report upon the reeults from accurate low-water survey,
i^oin geueral indicationa and the reports of pilots they are very satis-
&ctory so fax. Steps have been taken to give fixation to the work fhim
Pine Bluff to the Rob Boy Bridge by a series of dikes and by revetting
the caving bends. As tlus requires a survey at or near low water, prog-
ress has been delayed, as indicated, by the high water. This will be
entered upon as soon as the stage of" water permits.
The dikes referred to as 5 and 6 at Pine lUuff in the early part of
Uiis report form a part of the series. They are used on account of the
quicksand, the revetment being used when there is no. quicksand, as
required by the indorseuients of the division engineer, duly approved
in the office of the Chief of Engineers.
In addition to the above works ten barges, (iO feet by 20 feet,
have been built, and various additions made to the machinery of the
plant, and tbe dikes above Baring Cross Bridge, at Little Rot^k, have
been repaired in part, to be completed early in the next fiscal year.
I am glad to be able to report a change of sentinient in regard to fur-
nishing rock for the work, by which, with a suitable plant. 1 shall be
able to obtain rock baUast lower than sand-box ballast, the reverse
having been the case until owners of rock have seen that they had bet-
ter take a reasonable price for stone than none at all.
Tbe results of the work done in previous years in accordance with
present project have all been most satisfectory wherever the dikes have
been erected a sufflcient length of time to do the work expected of
them, Tbe requisite depth of 2^ feet to 3 f«et at extrenie low water has
been maintained. No bar has formed belo* the dikes in the chaunol
and no caving of the banks opposite the dikes has taken i^lace. Tbe
■work of the years 18S8 and 1889 above Baring Oross Bridge, at Little
Bock, has continued its efi'ective action, and tbe current now{)a>sHO)i
through the draw span of the bridge, as it did when the bridge was orig-
inally erected. But for the splendid work at Dardanclle this in it^f
might be regarded as a marked result. The contraction works below
the Little Bock and Fort 3mith Bailway Bridge at Little Rock have
demonstrated tlie correctness of the theory upon which they were built.
This is a significant fact, as they are absolutely the only dikes built is
foil accord with the plan, i. e., an adequate number as called for in the
plan. It will be borne in mind that in other places one or more dikes,
oat of a total of four or five that will be required, have been erected, be-
cause the ajipropriatiou is so small. At this point, however, a fair test
has been made, with the results as stated. This reach has been known
for years to be the worst reach between Little Itock and the month of the
river. Steamboats could come within sight of Little Rock and be una-
ble to reach the wharves on account of this reach. Two dike.s were
built on the I'i^ti appropriation and two more on the 1838, making a
complete syetejo, according to the original plan. One pilot of 20 years'
tstamling on the Arkansas Itiver speaks of it with the highest enthn-
siasm, and to him it is a most wonderful resnlt. What ha3 been done
here can be done for any other reach on the Arkansas River. The wxy
latest advices show tiiat at Eagle Bend and White Bluff equally satis-
lactory results have been achieved. Several pages of this report might
'Doting tbe ntudf of tliU
((rapIiH. One tracing und '
^uiied (sot piiuted).
^Kipocnpied in gp^^^^l? i^f t'^'^^^D^^ij^tii; rtiiMtrtM rccuivtMl Ironi all iM
^■KvorlCR, but this is niinet-eesjtry. Neither is it iii-oMsary now Ur ■
^^BBT into any elaborate details Retting forth the pnipoeed worfe. Beg- ■
^Kr plans and QHtimat«a having been prepared, thitt has all bet-omu a fl
HKtIer nt printed record. ■
■TAb a matter of plain dnty it mnet be states! that prompt rceiilts are m
not.tobe expected with only $150,000 or *18l),lWHt for 2 years' work, M
when *1 ,000,000 coul^ be profitably expended In that time. ' ■
The engineer in this way spends more time in the vain eflfott trying I
to make both eodti meet thati in a«tual engineering stady or develop- M
ment of the works.' Fully $100,0<Kl ought to be expended in the plant ■
at once. There are not barges, pile drivers, and steamboats enough to I
do economical work. Again, material and labor is advancing very ra]^ H
idly in price, and it will soon cost one-third more to do the work on tliia H
account. If anything like economical resnJts are expwt«d at least ■
41,000,000 should be made available for Ihe liacal year ending .Inne 30, M
1893, and it will require ♦3,472^79 to complete the improvement in ao- ■
rord with the original plan. This is not a fancy estimate, but <!lofle ■
calculation, borne out by 7 years of unremitting labor. In connection m
with thiB river, 1 must again respectfully invite attention tx> the won- fl
derfiil develojmient of this State, and the natural tendency of all thia 'fl
to make I/itlJ(> Eock a great commercial center. All the statistics con- M
nuctod with my reporl-a bear upon tliia more or less. Aa one reach of V
river under consideration has Little Itock at it** head, the great inipor- m
tancti of these works becomes more apparent, A caret^il study of sta- M
tistacB for 6 years (»nvinces me that the State of Arkansas will, ere ■
long, rise many flies in the rank of the States, and public improvements V
wiU retam manilbld their cost in material beneUt to the entire Stato. M
Tbe amount stated above as being required to complete the improve- ^
ment only refers to the reach from Fort Gibson to the mouth. If the M
improvement ia to be extended from Arkansas City, Kans., to the mouth '«
ot the river there must be added for tlie reaoh from Arkansas City, I
., to Fort Gibson, Ind. T., *l,fi96,000. 1
GOMMBRCB. . M
r general snmmary of commerce, see that under head "Removing I
■octiuns in Arkansas Eiver, Arkansas, Indian Territory, and Kjiu- M
Jier details umy be BUTnniari?.ed as follows: Oommencbig at tha 1
of navigatitm on the Arkansas River, thenee following down ■
tlirongh the fertile v^ey tributary to it, we have Wiciiita, Arkansoa M
City, Fort' Smitli, Dajxlanelle^ Little Itock, and Tine Bluff, six of the fl
largest dties in the valley, which, togothei' with their surrounding I
coiQiities, have a population of over 400,000 inhabitants. The comnier- fl
i;ia3 growth and prosperity of these cities demand an outlet by way of •■
this river. The following table, which has been compiled Irom sta- fl
^jsges and letters from prominent business men of each of these cities M
^HtXerrittiries, shows over 1,000,000 tons of ireight that will be cheap- ^
^^Kliy tlie improvement of the Arkansas River. V
^^H' Toanagt, ■
ArkfttinoB City, Cowley Connty, Ark 42fi,(flfi M
I'Dft Smith, Aric 51.03! M
Uuiautdlm nod vicinlt)- Sl.SaO ■
■iVy'' "'"'' 68B,47a ■
I^^Si^ &oe.a3aJJ
^^Etafefc;«'. \.'»ft.Wl
;04G KEPORT OF THE CUIEF OF EXGINlitivo, ^
W 4.
nrPROVEMENT OF PETIT JEAX KIVER, ARKANSAS.
Before iiuprovement this river was ohsmioteil with snap^. logs, di
piles, overhanjriiijr trees, and shoals. The orijriiial i>roject for impm
ment coiiteiui)latetl rendering: it navi<rable dnriiip: hi;rh and niedi
stages of water as hi;j:li as Danville, Ark., by enttin^ the overhang
trees and euttin*? np the sna^s. 1o;j:s. and drilY. The fall in the rive
t>o great that nothing could be done to improve the shoals. The Ij
appropriation ever made for the river was that of the art approi
August 5, ISv^J, amounting to s.s..%00 ; one-half theestimate, aJT.lKW. T
amount was expended ]>rior to June 'MK 1S88, iu completing the w<
of improvement to KoeVy I'rossingt or about one-half the distance. T
act, which berame a law August 11, ISSS, appropriated 8-.oOO and i
vides for continuing the improvement below the Iron Bridge at K«
Crossing. It will be seen that this is a departure from the origi
project, and conicmidates entering ujuui an improvement of a se
permanent character. This reach of river was accordingly ^^sited
person and a new ]>roiert prepariMl and duly ai>proved. This proj
provides that *1\.">(M) lu» i»x]>cnded below Kocky Crossing in reuiov
timber from tlu* low- water ehannel and in removing a small iwrtioi
the ledges at Slaty Trossing an«l Robinson Kidge. so as to prolong
seasttn (»f navigatitm. The best season for eoi»ducting this Wi»rk beg
about the mitliUe i»f August or tl»e 1st of Sept timber. The date
which the act became a law preeliidtnl the possibility of making
examination. ]»reparing the pri>ie4*t. and cunmiencing the work dur
the Hscal year ending June .SO. issi). as high water would have in'
rupted the work befori' it wouhl have been completed, rendering ?
pension of worknecosary. thereby adding materially to the ex]>ens
transiKU'ting men and material to the works on two diffei-ent oecasi
when one would answer as well. For these reasons no work except
necessarv to make the examination had been done during the fiscal
ending June 30, 1S89.
The fiscal year ending June 30, ISIH), was prolific in sudden
aiHl there was no time, on account of these unusual conditions,
tin* W4U'k necessary to be dj>ne conhl be planned ^nth any certai
being completed, and as much eomplaiut had been made about 1
bi'ing expended at high water, it was thought best to hold this :
until a regular prolnn«;;i'4l low- water st^ason W4»uld permit its es
tiire to the very best atlvantage possible. Accordingly, in th*
year ending June 30. IS'Jl. a completely t)rganized force was ph
tl»e lield and the balance expended in aecordance with the ;
The amount of wt»rk dnne for the money rcllccts great credit uj
overseer. Mr. S. L. Titus, and may be recapitulated as follows
cut. -..V>S: trees deadtMU'd, l..">i*l: snags and stumps remov-
cubir yards of rock and gravel excavated. 3-10; distance work
21 miles.
Ir is searcely necessary to ]»nil(ing this report to state the ad.
tt» bi* di'rived from the im])ruvemi*nt. since these are set forth
in the remaiks in reference to 4Mnninen*e. It is my duty a^
ofiicer in cliarge to renew tin* rernmiiirinlations ot' impiovin ^■
from Kocky (.'n»s«^inu^ to Danville. ArU.. ari-» ►riling t«) the origi\
Thirty-tive liundiiMl «1(p11;ii > w ill In- rr«iiiitr«l ti»r this ]inriK\>.
eonnectiou attention is rt*s|MTt iiill\ iM\':i-d lo uiv rejMuts ^
years. The entire river to bunvillr w ii; >i;uhm1;i\ be a v;i\*
AITENBIX W — ^REPORT OP CAPTAIN TABER. 2043
on account of insoiBcient water and stcamlioat facilities. Within the last 10 years,
hy reason of the improvement in the channel, oar steamboat facilities have increased,
and the business now requires two steamboats between Webber Falls and Darda-
nelle.
2. If the river was so im])roved as to be navifjable at hifjfh, medium, and low water,
how much, if any, would the cost of shipping freight be reduced t
Answer. Freight would be reduced at least 100 per cent. The principal towns be-
tween Fort Gibson and Dardanelle are on the river and they would be supplied with
merchandise by Fort Smith merchants and this would afford the best market that
tributary country could get for its products. This would encourage competition in
the steamboat business and still reduce the cost of freight.
3. If the river was so improved as stated in the recent question, would it bring the
freight down any, and if so, how mucht
Answer. Yes, it would greatly reduce freight. The reduction would be from 50 to
100 per cent.
4. How much moi^ freight of different kinds would be shipped every year if the
river was improved as suggested in the second question t
Answer. The- business would increase rapidly and to such an ext-ent that it would
be hard to even estimate it. The thousands of acres of rich valley lands that are
now unimproved on account of the cost of getting its produce to market would be
brought under a high state of cultivation at once, ^ew towns would spring up
along the river, and our present line of steamers would soon be inadequate to do the
work. ,
5. Are there any other ways in which the people of your town, county, or section
would be benefited t If so, please name them.
Answer. It would aid materially in opening up a tributary country to Fort Smith ^
that is rich in minerals, coal, and timber, as well as in agriculture, and whose busi- *
ness would be of incalculable value. * This country is now practically cut off by rea-
son of the great expense of getting to market, lliere is no richer country than the
Arkansas Valley, and the question of transportation is what interests the people
more than anything else.
Mr. R. H. Adair,
Secretary Chamber of Commerce,
Fort Smith, Ark.
Money statement.
July 1,1890, balance unexpended $71,295.42
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 180, 000. 00
251, 295. 42
June 30, 1891, amount expended duriug fiscal year 94, 194. 61
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 157, 100.81
July 1,1891, outstanding liabilities 3,774.80
July 1, 1891, balance available 153,326.01
r Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 3,472,479.00
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year eiuling June
4 30,1893 - .' 1,000,000.00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sootioiis 2 of river
and harbor acts of 1866 aiul 1X()7.
Kxpvnsc account.
Payrolls $50,319.16
Subsistence supplies 11, 163. 66
General supplies 25, 199. 53
Transportatiou 443. 46
Traveling expenses 809. 04
Fuel 2,575.58
Stationery 135. 15
Rent 120.00
Lumber 2,921.03
Reserved in United States Tresisury for freight charges 208. 00
Reserved in office of Chief of Engineers 300.00
94, 194. 61
CMPROVEMEHT OF FOUBCHE LE PEVBE RIVEH, AKKAN8A8.
Tbe improvement of this stream was begun in 1879, under tlie
rapproved Maich 3, 1879. Prior to any improvement its channel
choked with snags, logs, and drifts, and heavy timber overhung fte
liank^. Several bad shoals also impeded aarigation. Up to Juno 30,
1886, $21,000 had been expended in removing the greater part of the
obstructions, though the shoals, and now and then a snag that has
washed in since work was suspended in December, 1882, stilT oS'er eeri-
OUB obstti«les to navigation at medium stages of water. By act ap-
Iiroved Angust 5, 188fi, 85,000 were appropriated fo« removing rode
shoals situated about 4 miles below Perryville. At the cloae of ute &»•.
cal year ending June 30, 1883, this sum had been expended, complel
a channel about 300 yards long, 30 feet wide, and 2 feet deep at I<
water tlirough this shoal. By act approved September 19, 1890, $7,"
were appropriated for this work. From June 30, 1888, to Septei
10. 1890, no appropriations "were made for this work.
During the tiscal year ending June 30, 1891. $2,448.70 was expei
in building a hand-propelled light-draft snag boat after the A. B. Jo\
fi model, which has been found to be so well adapted to streAuu of
is size. It draws but 13 inches of water with its powerful machinery
Lin board and fully equipped with rations and crew, and can roach
I every low -water enag that can possibly interfere with the packets,
of which draw less than 16 or 18 inches of water.
By act approved September 19, 1890, t7,500 were appropriated,
approved project for its expenditiire provides for the buildiuc
ceqaippiug of a hand-propelled snag boat of the A. B. Johmon model, a\
\k «ost not to exceed |4,000 ; that it be operated for 4 months, if possible
^aid necessary, at or near extreme low water, in removing accumulated
Elibstructioufi in the way of snags, logs, and drift piles, and also land
slides, and certain bowlders on Piney Shoals, and $450 to be expended
in making a sijuare section through May Shoal in the place of the pres-
ent reversed arch, which will not permit a square-bowed ilatboat to pass
and take nut a portion of a rock at Red Ferry, which lies like a whale's
back, and oflors a very narrow channel to steamboats. All this to _
vide for high and medium stage navigation; low-water navigation
out of the (piestion, except, say, for 26 miles from ita month to
V £ihoal8.
This boat is to be operated only at or near extreme low water. Dnr-
ig the year no such water occurred. The boat is in readiness for tlie
eld, and operations will be begun as soon as the water reaches a muta-
ble stage. There will be some advantage to tliis river in this delay on
~ onnt of the water, inasmuch as some of the old and experienced men
I be available during tlie coming fiscal year that might not hare
n available during the pawt. It is hardly necessaty to again refer
"to the fact that these boats have accomplished wonderful results in
thpse narrow streams for the amount of money expended, and most care-
ftil attention will be given to the oi>eration of this boat, that the record
may be sustained. It is believed that the present appropriation will
' eet the present demands of the c^nunerce upon this river. It is doubt-
J if there is any more deserving stream for its size in the district Ita
wning will afford great relief to a community practically without trans-
* yiortation. For ftirther facts in this line see the report under the '
of commerce.
'hale's^^
tiona^^l
APP£NDIX W — ^REPOKT OF CAPTAIN TABEB. 2045
COMMEBOE.
The anioxmt of commerce when work of improvement beffan may be
inferred from the following, which appeared in the Annual lieiK)!! of the
Chief of Engineers, page 971.
The valley of the Fourche Le Pevre is one of the most extensive in
the State. Large quantities of lumber and cotton are brought out an-
nually, besides grain, furs, tallow, and beeswax. There ai'e also mines
of lead, iron, and otner metals in the valley which can be profitably
worked when the improvement is completed.
As to the effect upon rates of insiuance and freight, no data to work
from. The incomplete state of the works would be against any- great
change. As to effiect upon coni})eting routes of transportation, there •
are no competing routes. What freight the steaml)oats do not succeed
in reaching must be hauled long distances in wagons.
As to prospective advantages to commerce it* completed, with this
river thoroughly improved there would be a great saving of time to
shippers. It would reduce the cost of transportation to that extent that
new impetus would be given to the settlement of the country and largely
increase its products. As to the benefits to community if completed,
there are few communities in this State so dependent on a river for
transportation as the settlers of this valley. Every stej) in tbe improve-
ment will bring direct gains and will be utilized at once. With such
improvements as have already been made, over 3,000 bales of cotton are
brought out annually and several tons of freight are handled. One
steamboat works very energetically upon this river and takes immediate
advantage of eveiy improvement, so that the people are sure of im-
mediate relief as the channel is improved.
Money statement.
Amount appropriated by act approved Sop tfiubcr 19, 1890 $7, 500. 00
Jane 30, 1891, amount expended during liscal year li, 418. 70
Jnly 1, 1891, balance unexpended 5,051.30
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 330.28
July 1, 1891, balance available 4,721.01}
Expense account.
Payrolls $903.41
Subsistence supplies :r). 1)2
General supplies !)2 1 . 1 •«
Traveling expenses :^.(). so
Stationery ] ♦ ; . Ni »
Rent so.oo
Machinery l«;ti. (M)
2, 'M». 70
Tonnage of Fourche Eiver, Arkansas, 1,000 tons.
IMPEOVEMENT OF PETIT JEAN BIVEH, AEKAKSAa; *gi
Before improvement this river was obstructed with snagSj logs, drift-
piles, overhatipug trees, and shoiils. The original ]traject for improve-
V meat contemplatfid rendering it navigable during Iiigb and medinni
r-fltages of water aa liigh as DanvUlc, Ark., by cutting the overhanging
m trees and cutting up the snags, logs, and drift. The fell in the river is
I HO great that nothing could be done to improve the Bhoals. The first
appropriation ever made for the rivei' was that of the aet approved
Angnst 5, 188<}, amounting to 83,500; one-lmlf theeBtimate,«7,000. This
amount was e^cpeuded prior to June 30, 1888, in completing the work
I of improvement t« Eocky Crossing, or about one-half the distalictt. Tho
■ act, which became a law August 11, ll^8S, appropriated $2,500 and pro-
B Tides for continuing the improvement below the Iron Bridge at Eockj'
P Crossing. It will be seen that this is a departure from the original
project, and contemplates entering upon an improvement of a semi-
permanent ciiaracter. This reach of river was accordingly visited in
person and a new project prepai'ed and duly approved. This project
provides that $2,500 be expended below Eocky Crossing in removing
timtier Irom the low-water channel and in removing a small portion of
the ledges at Slaty Crossing and Robiiisou Kidge, so as to prolong thi'
season of navigation. The best scuson for coudneting this work begins
, about the middle of August or the Ist of September. The date at
L which the aet became a law precluded the possibility of uiuking the
I examination, preparing the project, and coniiuoncing the work during
r the flscal year ending June 30, 1889, as high water would huvc inttr-
rupted the work before it would have been completed, rendering sna-
peusion of work necessaiy, thereby adding materially t« the expense of
transporting meu and material to the works on two different occasions,
when one would answer as well. For these reasons no work except that
! necessary to make the examination had been done during the fiscal year
■ ending June 30, 1889.
■ The fiscal year ending June 30, 1890, was prolific in sadden rises,
w and there was no time, on account of these uinisual couditionSj wheji
I the work necessary to be done could bo planned with any certainty of
I being completed, and as much complaint had been made abont xaannj
I being expended at high water, it was thought best to hold this money
I until a regular prolonged low-water season would permit its espendl-
[ ture to the very best advantage possible. Accordingly, in the fincal
f year ending June 30, 1891, a completely orgtwised force was plae#d iu
f the field and the balance expended in accordance with the proje<!t.
Tlio amount of work done for the money reflects great credit upon tfa«
oveiseer, Mr. 8. L. Titus, and may be recapitidated as follows: Trees
cut, 2,558; ti-ecs deadened, 1,521; snags and stumps removed, 599;
cnbic yards of rock and gravel excavated, 340; distance worked OTSr,
21 miles.
It is scarcely necessary to prolong this reixirt to state the advantages
to be derived fiom the improvement, since these are set forth at Icngtli
in the remarks in reference to comnioroe. It ia my duty as engineer
K.Ofl&oerin charge to renew the reciininiendations of improving the river
IfWtm Rocky Crossing to Danville, Ark., according to the origiiml pnyt'^f.
K Thirty-five hundred dollars will be reqiiiicri lor this purpose. In tliis
F«onnectiou att^mtion is resi)ectl'ully invited to m) i-ciioits of the liMtS
■ ycare. The entire river to Danville will somf .hiy !..■ ;i viiluabhj iuUxf i
APPENDIX W — REPORT OP CAPTAIN TABER. 2047
■
of commerce, and tlie bridge to Rocky Crossing, whicli now obstzructs
its free and safe navigation, should be made to comply witli the law at
as early a date as possible.
COMMERCE.
When works of improvement began a boat made 2 or 3 trips a year,
at high water or medium stages, and brought out from 200 to 300 bales of
cotton. With the improvement completed, freight rates would be re-
duced 50 per cent, and distance in hauling. by wagons reduced 26 miles.
There being no competing routes of transiwrtation, except wagons, no
comparison of rates can be made. The completion of the works as origi-
nally recommended would increase the commerce tenfold, and it is esti-
mated by one writer that from 5,00^ to 6,000 bales of cotton would be
moved by river. Another writer estimates the Increase at from 50 to 100
per cent. The community generally would receive many benefits. One
writer estimates that products could be marketed at one-half present
cost; another states, as an incidental benefit, that the freeing of the river
of obstructions will reduce the overflow, thereby increasing the areas
under cultivation and improving the general health of the section. To
all this may be added the fact that this stream is the only outlet to the
Petit Jean Valley. This valley is very rich. The town of Danville, in
this valley, receives over 1,000 tons of freight annually by wagons.
Timber is plentifal and in great variety. The great drawback' to this
section is its want of cheap transportation. The opening of the Petit
Jean to navigation for 5 or 6 months would be of untold value to the
entire valley. The limits of a Tejyovt of this kind forbids entering into
details, but it may be stated in a general way that the total requii*ed to
complete the work is insignificant comi)ared with the results to be
gained.
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $2,444.52
June 30, 1^1, amount expended during lisc.il year 2, 444. 52
{Amount (estimated) required for <*oin])letion of existing project 3, 500. 00
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 3, 500. 00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
Expense account.
Pay roUs $1,590.80
Subsistence snpplies 258. 87
General supplies 419.44
Transportation 47. 79
Traveling expenses 51. 10
Stationery 36.80
Rent 40.00
Setumed to U. S. Treasury for freight charges .22
2, 444. 52
Tonnage of Petit Jean River, Arkansas, 1,500 tons,-
2052 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. A&MT.
accnmuliition of logs. Seven thousand dollars was the amount a]
priatod. $3,000 for the constiiictiou of a snag boat and <<4,tH)0 fa
operating expenses, working at or near exti*eme low water, the boa
ing constnu'ted of light draft for this purjiose.
I'p to June 30, 18*.»0. the entire sum except $7.11 had been exj^ei
The snag boat was built and <»perated as far down as Walkers P
leaving 35 miles of river yet to be wt>rked. The boat was opcratetl ju
neiir low water as it roiiltl be moved and with a draft of only 14 inches
will be seen that only the nniin rhanncl cimld be worked, as it suri'ly c
bt' fonnd at tlM*h>w-waterstagi*. The obstructions eniHumtered were:
formidable tlian the reeonnoissance showed, one snag when lifted i
bringing nji several others. The balance of the river eiuild be ele
]>y selling the snag boat to some other appropriation, but as these (
a]»im>i»riatitnis were small it eonl«l not be done during the liseal
emling Jnnc MK ISOl. The b(»at has been well eared for and ke]
thorongh repair and used u]H>n the Black liiver. If an adequate
projuiation is made for the Black River. -Vrkansas. the boat niigl
sold to til at river and the proceeds worked out in her operating:
penses upon this river and no further apprt>priation made for this
ticular river, if. however, the Black River appropriations are h*ss
$1lMK>0 then imblic policy would require the ai^]»rt>])riatit>n of ar
$3,000 tt» conii»lere this work. The remarks under comment* are all
is necessary to show what a large amount is to be benefited.
COMMEKCE.
It is not easy to ascertain the amount of eommeree upon this i
]»rior to the making of this its tirst appropriation. Since the buil
4»t'the railroad the many obstructions in the stream have causi'd I
to give up the usi* ot* it. an*! it is hard to get any information iu rej
to it. It ci>nhl nor ha\ e been large, for the obstructions are so iiu
ous as to preclude much use of it. As to the etfeet upon insurance
freight rates this ean only be known by actual trial, as this is alun
hitherto unknown river so far as any records go.
.Vs to the etfeet upon competing routes of transiK)rtation. then
probably very few sections in whicli an o])en river would atibrd reli
a bnnlened people under exorbitant rai4's made by a single line of
road as tliis one will do. As to relative cheai)ness there, of coursi*,
be no ( I nest ion as to water rerittttf rail transportation. Reliable pa
state that the opening of the river will cause a market reductic
freight rates.
-Vs to prospective advantages to eommeree there is at present no <
put ing ihi'in. Tlie timber alone warrants the present outlay.
r«uMitr\ is Very teiiile, well adapted to cotton, corn, fruit, and gi
racily iiiliivjitiMl. and only om'-tburth settleil, ami it is as ditVicn
1 1 II dirt wImi the ]nos]»cctive advantages to connnerce will be as to I
r:iU« II n]> .'Hi or 7'» yrars ago and predicted tin' commerce u]>on !=
>iMiilar .Ntrtiini-* in oMei- Slates, where thonsands and even millioi
d<dl:ii> lit' lii'i.L:ht nvr now trans])orted annually. The river is u
alnn»>T :i Hiitin :il j;Mi:M. :nid it is believed that 50 vears from now wil
■
if pii»\iili'il will! ;i lew l<n-ks ami so used.
l>iiiin- tin- jiMMi:!i riidin.i: .Iniie 1(5. lisVMi, i\70J tons of lumlu'r "^
latTi'd ihiuiiLili till' ])iid;:e ot' tlie .Memphis and Little Ri»ck Raib
Tills is th4f tLr>i uMiali of systematic etiV»rt to secure the tonnage of
river.
comit of this erroi- in the tixatiun of the zero. A much larger sum o
money will be required to complete thin imjirovcment, iutuimueh as b;
a«rtnal and uareful observation low-watei' mark is nemly as iimoh below
the best that could be determined irom the iiiha)>itaiitR of tlils new
eouutry »3 the di^ptb of water originally ootiteinplatfd to be Kiveii »
ebtuuiel over tUi« refte)i of rivor. Prom thia (aA^t a. \ww set of coihH- ■
tioiis arise.
During such time as I have been able to take from the conduct of the
works during the past seaHon, fiinee I have become oeitaiu oEtheabove-
iiietitioued ^t, much study haA been given to the coui-hc to be pnrsned.
1')ie pi-osent plans and esdinates are of course entirely iiiadei^usite bo
for OR the nver from Newport. Ark,, to Forsytbe, Ma, is concerned.-
The demands of commerce are becoming very clamorous, and after nare-
ful deliberation I am of the opinion that the question of a system of '
locks and dams oaght to be ciinvassed at once and abcKinning made '
upon an improvement of this nature, 'i^ipre are qidie a uuniber of '
shoals that will need Ioi.-ks and dams to overcome them. No estimat«
i»n be famished of the cost nf tiiese locks and dams witlmut a mure .
complete survey of the localities. The most judietons plan that haa
occurred to me wonld bo to recommend an appropriation of i?7.*i,liOO or
perhaps 8100,000, *50,000 to JTC.OtMl of which to be expended at the
shoals not rer|uiring the aystem of Iwks and dams, and the tialance. or
so much as might be necessary, utilized in making dctailtd snrvcpi
preparatory to ^imishlng plans and estimates for a syalciu of locks and
dams: this outiiide of ^e 653,810 required to complete the insisting
project, which should be uaed almost entirely bctwi-en Nowjiort, Ark.,
and the month of tlie river, in accordance with the plans and estimates
that are alruady a matU'.r of printed rceoi'd. This would make the total
tiiat could be profitably exi>endod during the Ihical year ending .hum
;», I«l«, «153,H15.
Attention is respf?ictfiiUy invited to the increase in the tonnage of the
river and to my statement matle iti the original plana and cHtimatea
Knbmitted several years ago, that in ray opinion the time wonld come .
when the vast commerce of this territory ivould demand the applioa-
tiuii of a IfK'k and dam system to this river,
I am satisfied that as yet the full tonnage of thU valley has not been
BwmriMj, although this people are now thoroughly awake as to the ne-
cessity for cheap tiansiwrtation. It may be noted liere as ap^dicable to
all my annual reports that, while charged with a vaat tenitory, well
watered with navigable Btreams, the people inhabiting the territory are
w> little coHscioua of the roaourcoa they poaaess iu their iertile llelda,
timbered hillA, mineral ^stocked monutaius, and natural water ways, that
it is only by the most strenuous cflbrts that anything like an aceorate
sjiowiog of commerce can be obtained, A quick way to get attention
to thw White River would bo to say that it has at least all the possibil-
idea of the Teunesseo Biver, with a margin in ita tiivor, if auytUiug.
COSOIEBCE.
The first appropriation having been made in 1833, the records of this
ofllce ilo not show what was the amount of commerce prior to any at-
tempf."* at improvements.
In the .Vuiiual Rc|Virt of l.he Oli
Colonel Suter, referriug tn the upin
Thf ci-!inl.ry Ihordi-ring un l!iis ji.iri ion i
ant nyau vnVet traiis]>cirti>Ii<iti, ivliLi.'ti tiu
]■ vwry niiiTiitiiJn mirl I'milj.
BSO 91 — j^y
f of Engineers for ISifi, page 627,
reaches of tlUs river, says:
And even onC year later be speaks of much of the commerce being
carried oti by teams. (Anqual Report Chief of Eugiueers, 1377, pagn
501.)
Tlie advantnges to commerce if the pennaneut improvement Is
effected will be jjrejifest of that to any river in the State in proportion
to the coat. This is a natnral highway for commerce to aii estenHiye
territory, and much of this territory has as yet no other outlet except
the wagon. In this connection aee Annual Eeport Cbief of Gnginuent,
1880, page 1313; Annual Report Chief of Engineers, 1884, page 1401;
aJ^su, Annual Report Chief of Engineers, 1885, pages 1589 and 1591.
Here will be found a steady Increase in commerce, keeping pa<* with
the improveraents, which Bpeaks for itself and calls for no coninient.
As to beueiit.s to community, it may be Raid that a community that wiU
follow np the work already done as this one has can but be greatly
benefited. Every improvement made ia promptly taken advantage oC
The rapid growth in prosperity in this seftion warrants the belief tivst
the permanent improvement of this river will confer benefits upon tills
community so great that the cost of the works will seem too sniall for
comparison. Anyone taking the trouble to read the Annual Reports
of the Chief of Engineers for the past 12 years will be struck by tJi6
uniform testimony of engineers in regard to the future great commerce
of (his river, a signilicant fiict in itself.
Data gathered trom various sources may be condensed as followis:
There is a division in the commerce of this river, the Up[)«r and
Lower WhitCj both territories improving rapidly under the presontsys-
tem of river improvements. The Upper White River territory, whuJi
needed principally a low-water channel by improvement of iihoaLs M
insure a regular traai^portation of product.a, ie beginning Lo sbow ft
marked improvement in agricultmal lands, especially near the river,
and yielding a greater tonnage each year. These products, whliA
have been hauled heretofore across the country in wagons from 50 to
80 miles to Springfield and other points on the railroad that lead U
St. Louis markets, are beginning to find a more accessible outlet hf
way of the rivei' to Batesville and Newport, where they are tianitferredw
the railroad and carried to the same market. The ultimate rcnults rf
this river improvement wilt not only be a settlement of the cuuDtif,
but also a creation of new markets in the direction of ^ew Orleauv, U
where a cheaper transportation is offered by way of the river, Tlw
mining enteiiirise is also being engaged in all along the Upper WhiU
Birer, and a greater demand for river navigation is presenting itself to
the 6ommunity in getieral. During the past year, in develo]iiiig thew
mines, several barge loads of zinc ore were shipped down the riverat
a comparatively low stage of watei, the obstructions being so greatly
reduced liy the river improvement tJiat it was found iwssible to stupiB
tbis way.
A number of enterprising citizens have responded to the inquiry fof
eommercial statistics of this river during the past year, and all agn#
that the improvement is of vast importance to the enhaiiccmont of juall'^
nets and settlement of the country.
A tabulated statement from Capt. Charles B. Woodbury gives tiii .
traffic in cedar and lumber as 54.!)(!l> tons, against 26,200 tons last yesCa
also 3,878 tons cotton against 2.82u tons laat year, "j
Tliia is an increase of over 100 per cent, in lumber and 37 p«r ctfu
increase on cotton, the staple product of this country, ^
The tonnage of Lowei- White River has decreased somewhat, owiil'
2056 REPORT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8 ARMY.
provod Spptonibor UK ISfHl, >«r»,<HM) wore appvopriatod out of the
jSlV»,00() rt'ii^iniiimdod as the aiuouiit that rould be profitably expended
diiriiiji" rhi' lisral year nidiiijr Jnue 30. ISOl.
As stared in my last aiiiuia] re]M»it, the snajrboat belonging: to this
river was found to hv in too rotten a eonditii»n lor sn a *rjring: operations*
rortunati'ly a new bt>at built for the Caehe Kiver was idle. This boat
is specially adapted for work in narrow streams. It was transferred at
onie to this stream on pro])er authority, and work bejrun at Poj^lar Bluff,
31o,. under the appropriation "Improving: Blaek Kiver, Missouri." with
a view to working: down to the Arkansas State line on that appivpria-
tion and then bejrinning work under this head. About the time that
the work was brought down to the State line and the boat had been
transferred to this ai>propriation. the river rose, and from that time to
the end of the fiscal year remained t<H) high for effective snagging
operations. During the fiscal year ending June 30. 1891, therefore, only
.^L.^JT/JS have been exi>ended in the ninrssary repairs to the plant and
care of i>ropcrty. Early in June the bi^t will be put in the field and
operated between (.'orning. Ark., and the mouth of Current River, a
reach that never has been thoroughly worked. As the Cache Eiver
siKigboat may be rcipiired again upon her own river. I will renew my
rcconmiendations made last year in regard to building a new hull for
the snag boat liairu :<h*hhn, ami transferring her upper works at a cost
of about •'jSjMJO. It seems like a redundancy to reiterate facts that have
so often appeared in my annual reinnts. in regard to the gi*eat benefits
to be conf(»rred by the opening of this river and to the deserving char-
acter of the stnam. on aeconnt of its deep water and permanent banks:
vet. as I eome to know this stream more ami more thoroughlv from vear
to vear. 1 am more ct^nvineed that the recommendations made in the
«
past should not only be renewed, but emphasized in their renewal.
^ly l>lan has been to secure an anniml contingent of ^'S.IHR) for this
work, but this has l>een dejurted from so far in the amounts of the ap-
]m>priations that nothing less than $42,000 would adequately nuvt the
requirements <»!' the situation. It may be stated that with the expendi-
ture of this sum as a whole, a magnificent artery of commerce would
be etVeetively o]>cned, wliieh would need but very little attention for its
maintenance. The work of the coming season between Coming. Ark.,
and the mouth of the Turrent Kiver will reduce the number of snags
that an' likely tn loilge between Current Kiver and the mouth of the
river fully ."in |icv cent.
COMMKUCE.
Tlie aiitniiiM nt'ct'iiuiicrce when work of ini]>rovement began may bf
iiifriinl iinMi iln- !i 'IIi »\\ ill LI* >iaienient taken from Annual KeiH>rt Cliiei
nl' MlI-iTlrt-]^, I'N'M*. |ia,Ll"C 1.">1'»I.
!':.■■!. ''.I- ! ' • ■ ■ ". : \ -ii-.:' i]ii:niTitirs of sTiivrs are Taken, and from the I.owo:
T;: .. \ • > . .: : ., : :;..,: ii,.in ln.tHH) to IL'JHXJ hah-. i>t' rotton .ire >lii]ipiMl to Mt-ii*
l-':".^ . •-■ :■■'■.*'. ■ :".■•>. ■■.Hi ntl-.rr '»lli]il!lrllts , aillouIlT llOt kuOWn » ;jO OVtT thi- St
1 =" ■- : =■ ! : ■!! ^!-■■.^• .::i iii St. Lmiis.
A^ iM .:;..; i:;»"ii imTi's uf insurance anil fn^ight. insurance companftv
li:!\«-i!i»; ;!(!..] r,|».ni ilu- niiiiirr. It is ex]H'cted that the rates will \u
ii-tlii.j-.l. Tlir woiU i^Jusi beirinnini: h» trll upon the freight, and it i:
TtMi >n(iii ri» ^r.iTi' tl.iiiiiicly :»< in rait-s. One man. reju*esenting a larg'^
>i;i\f t.niiiry a: ri'plai' lUiiil". Mo., esiiiuaies that rates would be iviluce^
one halt'.
APPENDIX W — REPORT OP CAPTAIN TABER. 2053
Monq/ Rfnfemenf,
July 1. l>5no, halance nnexpendpil $7.11
.1 iiiH- aO, l»yi, ainoant expended duriu;^ tisK-al y<*ar 7. 11
{Amonnt (oHtimated) required for romidotion <»f exist in;; iirnJ«M-t :i. <J<)I>. (H)
Amount that can be protitably expended intiscaly cur 4'iH I in;; J 11 lie :i<). IMK^ 3,000.00
iSuhmitted in compliance with reqiiiremeuts of sectiuuH 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1»66 and 1867.
fCxpniMv avroiint.
Stationery supplies $7.11
Tonnage of Cache Kiver^ Arkansas. :{0.1NK) tons.
W 7.
rMPROVEMEXT OF LITFLE RED RIVER, ARKANSAS.
The first iniproveineuts atteiiiptod iiix)ii tliis river were made in tlie
year ending June 30, 1872, iind«T the act 'api)roved March 3, 1871.
Prior to this work many overhanging trees interfered with navi<;ation
in the lower reaches, and many bowlders obstructed flatboat and raft
navigation in the reach above the present town of Judsonia. The ap-
propriation referred to above was for the White, Bla<»k, and Little Red
Ki vers, and amounted to 810,000 for the three, up<m <»stimates amounting
to *L'5t),0:53, of which 838,06i> were for the Little Ked River. That little
work could be done is apparent from Colonel Ke^Tiolds-s report for 1872,
in which he states:
Unless other and better facilities are provided it will be of very little use to attempt
to remove the obstructions in such streams as these.
^lost of the overhanging trees were removed as high as Judsonia. A
l>ad shoal 3 miles below Judsonia and the bowlders rciiiaiiied untouched
to the end of June, 1880. The act approved August ."), 1880, appro-
priated 83,0(M). The present project contemplates tlic lemoval of the
dangerous bowlders above Ju<lsonia and a shoal 3 miles billow thc^ same
town. Up to June 30, 1888, $012.90 had been expi*n<lrd in removing
the bowlders above Judsonia and the care of theproj>crt y and records.
Jjy the act which l>ecamea law August 11, 1888, the balance. 8.3,400, neces-
sary to carry out the orignal project was appropriated. During the liscal
year ending June *^, 1889, 8;'>,008.fK) was expended in the construction
of the dredge to be used in removing the shoals 3 juiles below Judsonia
and in the construction of two material barges. During the low-water
season of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1890, 8K.331."».S was expended
in dredging the shoal 3 miles beh)w Judsonia, known* as liess Slioal.
Tliese shoals are comjjosed of two n»efs about three-fonrtlis of a mile from
lower to upi>er edges. Tlie up|)er reef has been linislH.»(l to a depth of
].l feet below low water and 30 feet wide, and about 28.") tons of broken
rcK'k and gravel removed. 8onu* very eft'ective work was done at the
lower reef, but, owing to delays from high water, only 210 tons of brok(Mi
lock and gi*avel have been removed, making 495 tons altogether up to
June 30, 1890.
2054 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINTEERS, IT. 8.
KifWtivr* v.nik nt rlj*^ Mlmvo sboal cmi oi)ly hp dom* af low water.
During tli»' tiscal year oudiiiff June 30, ISOi, the water remained so
lii;;jh tliat, exropt a few days in the latter part of August, no workconM
Im? done at the slioalp^. The dredge being required for the Arkansas
Kiver wr»rks it was sold to that appropriation, upon proper authority,
jur $3,500. As tliis would not all be required to complete the work at
the shoals, a projeirt was prepared in this office and approved by the
<Jhief of Enj^incers for expending $1,000 of the abovc^in cutting timber
and removing stumps from the channel as high as the vicinity of Heber,
Ark., so as to aid raftsmen.
In accord with this plan, during January, February, and Maich a
]>arty was put into camp and, with this 81,000, cut 3,331 trees and
some 100 cords of bnisli, opening a good channel to Judsonia, fi-omHe-
Ix-r, Ark. As soon as this was done a small steamboat was placed upon
the river, and many enconjiums were pronounced upon the immense
good ac<M)mplislicd.
Many trees still overhang the eddies, and as soon as the work at
IJesi Shoals has been cojnpleted a project will be submitted for ex*
])cnding all that can be saved, in farther opening this rea<;h. All this
may be done as early in the next fiscal year as the water will permit
COMMERCE.
Amount of commerce when work of improvement began may be in-
iV'rred from the following, which appeared in the Annual Kepork of the
Chief of Engineers, 1871, page 302:
v»)lved.
As to prospective* advantages to commerce if completed, if the shoals
knowni aoS Bess Shoals were removed so that a boat could reach Judsonia
at all stages of the* ri v(?r, from 1,000 to 1,500 bales of cotton and about 400
tons of merchinulisc* wouhl be shipped by rivTr at once. A packet
<liawing 3.^ iW*t of water now makes regular trips the year round tea
])oint just below tliese shoals. The country round about Judsonia La^s
been visite<l in ])erson, and I lind its resourc<»s have only begun to be
<i(»veloped. I sliouM say that the i)resent commerce would double it^^elf
in 5 years.
As to benefits to community if completed, it is hard to estimate the
benefits tlnit <'hea]» transportation would give to a community that has
known (inly n niiboad outlet, nnd only one at that. No one will qnes-
tion l)ut wlijit they will be very great; how great can only be told by
reenlling wh:i1 sn<'h trnnsportntion Inis d(me for other fertile sections;
but it may safely be s;iid that the benefits will lie so gi'eat that the out-
hiv will sink into utter insignifieanee.
This stream is located in a very i)i'os])ei'ous section of the State. The
])res<'nt eonim<Mv(» amounts to upwards of 13,r>(K) bales of cotton and
4,7(M) tons of merchandise. A grent <lenl of fniit is being raised, and
theannmntis rapidly increasing each ycai'. The returns wiUbeiifl-
mediate*
APPENDIX W — BEPORT OF CAPTAIN TABEB. 2055
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $537. 86
Seceived by sale of dredge-boat, uh per letter of Chief of Kngineers, dated
August 19, 1890 3,500.00
4,037.86
June 30, 1891, amount expended during (\hv;\\ year 2, 1-10. 92
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 1, 8!H>. 94
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 75.00
July 1, 1891, balance available 1,821.94
Expense account.
Payrolls $1,709.21
Subsistouco sup])lies 135. 32
General supplies 193. 91
Transportation 1 (J. 05
Traveling expl'uses 32. 53
Fuel 45.85
Stationery 8. 05
2, 140. 92
Tannage of Little lied llxrerj Arkansas,
Ton«.
Cotton, 13.500 bales 3,375
Merchandise 4 , 700
Total 8,075
W 8.
IMPROVEMENT OF BLACK RIVER, ARKANSAS AND MISSOURI.
Before any iinprovemeuts were made upon this river, the inagnilioent
timber whicb lines its banks, overhung its narrow and deep cliannel,
giants of the forests stretched across it from bank to bank in falling,
debris from logging camps lodged in the same, producing shoals, all of
which presented a formidable array of obstacles, not only to navigation,
but to any attempts at improving the same. The original plan for its
improvement contemplated the removal of the obstructions and the im-
provement of the shoals, the latter by wing dams. A few sloughs were
to be closed, so as to confine the water to the main channel. The work
has been steadily carried forward, with very small appropriations, at
iiTegular intervals, for upwards of 14 years. In the earlier operations
the appliances were not adapted to the heavy work on hand. In later
years, suitable appliances having been secured, more rapid progress has
been made. Its channel being narrow, water de^p, and banks firm, it
is one of the most satisfiictory streams in this district to improve.
Up to June 30, 1890, $61,242.40 had been expended in carrying out
the above plan, giving a very good river from the mouth up to the mouth
of Current Biver, doing but little for the reach between the mouth of
Current River and the bridge at Coming, Ark., and making a visible
impression upon the formidable obstructions between the Arkansas
State line and Poplar Bluff, Mo., in conjunction with the appropriation
under the heading ^^ Improving Black Biver, Missouri." B^ ^/^ ^-
■ proved aei)tffiiiber lit, 1890. J5,000 itltb appropriati-d it«t of the
Iv^iWlO retrHiniiieDdpd a» the aniouut tb»t i-ould be profitably expended
I during the flacal year euding Jnue 30, 1891.
I As stated in my last anonal report, the enagboat belonging to tliia
I river -was found to be iu too rotten a condition for snagging oporntions.
I Tortunatelj' a new boat built for the Oaclio Eivtr was idle. This boat
LjH Bpecially adapted for work in narrow streams. It was transfijiTed at
Fonee to this stream on proper antliority, and work begun at Poplar BlnS^
I Mo., under the appropriation "Improving Bbx'.k Eiver, Missouri," with
la view to working down to the Arkansas State line on that aj^propria-
I tion and then beginning work ander this head. About the time that
, the work was brought down to the State line and the boat had been
. tiansferred to this appropriation, the river rose, and from that time to
L the end of the Qsaal year remained too high for effective sniiggiag
I operations. During the fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1891, therefore, only
I $1,537.28 have been expended in the necessary repairs to the plant and
J tare of property, Early in June the boat will be put in the field and
operated between Corning, Ark., and the mouth of Current Hiver, a
reach that never has been thoroughly worked. As the Cache Biver
Kuagboat may be required again upon her own river, I will renew my
recommendations made last year in regard to building a new hull Tor
I the snag boat Henry Sktldon, and transferring her upper works at a cost
I -of abont $6,000. It seems like a redundancy to reiterate fact^ that have
V jto often appeared in my annual reports, in regard to the great benefits
Wio be conferred by the opening of this river and to the deser^'ing char-
■ aeter of the stream, on account of its deep water and permanent banks;
1 yet, as I come to know this stream more and more thoreughly fiom year
l.to year, 1 am more convinced that the recommendations made fn the
I past should not only be renewed, but emphasized in their renewal.
I My plan has been to secure an annual contingent of $8.(mmi tor tliii*
Iwork, but this has been departed from so far in the ainonnts of the ii|i
I proprifttions that nothing less tbaii $42,000 would adequately im'ct tin-
I requirements of the situation. It maybe stated that with tlii> i\|n'iuli
r ture of this sum as a whole, a magnificent artery of coniim r.r wmM
' be effectively openetl, which would need but very little attoiirimi tm ii<
maintenance. The work of the coming season between Coniini;, ,\rk.,
and the month of the Cunent Elver will reduce the number vt uniigti
that are likely tJt lodge between Current Kiver and the mouth of the
river fully lUi i>er cent.
COMMERCE.
The [tmimiif of i-oirimcrce when work of improvement began may bo
I inferreil tioiu I lie i'ollowinj.' stiiti^meut t^ken from Annual lieport OhM
tflf Engineers, IStso. page i;f20.
Lot known) go a
As to effect niM)n rates of instirance and freight, insurance compaulM
I Jiave not acted upon the matter. It is expected that the rates will lie
I Ti-AacM. The work is just beginning to tell upon the freight, and it fs
I too soon to state definitely as to rates. One man, representing a large
f stnvefactory atPophirBIuff,Mo.,estimatesthatrate3woold be rudaci '
f one' ball
As to ^miict iiiwu rates of eompetinp rontfls i>f ttanwportatioD, Uds I
river iiorallels the St. Loiiis, Iron Muuntaio and Soutliei'n Railroad for
10« iiiil«*. Tliere can l>e no qiieatiou as tn watpr versiiM rail trans-
poftatlon. Kdiablc parties atate tliat the efteut will be marked. Ah to '
pKiftpprtivo advantages to commerce if completed, treight would be in-
(TpaKcd tenfold. There ie a va«t tract of land througli whirh Black
Htver rnna, the pioductn of which must be transported by river. The
country is only just beginning to be opened np, and is susceptible prat-
ticftlly of unlimited development. It isdillic,nlttoesfimat«thebr!Uelit«
to the community if completed. This river is one of the deepest in tho
State. As a natural highway it fiiirpassoa liie Arkansas Itiver. lt»
banks cave but littJe, and when the standing timber has been <'lear<-d
otf HO that snags do not accumulnte it will not give much troublu an a
navigable Htreiim. It is destined to beeDiiic in the near fntaru a part of
a great parallel transportation line to JNew Orleans, competitig with the
Missouri Pacific system of railroads for the traffic of an immense t*r-
litorj". T lie confines of such a report as this are too limited to do justice
to this river. Were they more extended I doubt if it were possitde to
forecast the great benefits that will flow fiom ibs maintenance as a '
navigable streajo. i
l£d following letter explains itself: J
^^^^P F. G. OxijCY Stavs COMPUiT, fl
^^■K Poplar Bluff', Mo., June 10, JS:n. I
H^|SusBtn: * ■ ■ We find we have liauled on oui boats during the past ycvJI
^^HBO tonv of ftrfght. This freight was dtliTored nt Poplar BJuft from points dowu'^
tlie rirer, aad at the railvaiy bridge between CorDing and Knobel tmio point* bultt
aliovi! and below tbe bridge. There has been taken from points above tbe f>taT4
line tlirM large barges of staves down the BInok Uivei into the White, anil ttiyin i
til Dni.-H to New Orleans. This ctiiilili not hav» Itcou iiceomptished prior tu the liut ',
work dime by your force. J
I ilenire to eompliment yon on the work done by tbe loist appropriation. I lieBt've ■
that I nin not overdoing it when 1 say that it did more good than all the otjier vnirk
tlutt has hei'ii done on the Tiver comliineil. It is hiird to tell the amoaut uf l^tJi^ht . I
"whiiih oonld be moTed on this riTi>r, iirovliled it could be made navigable tbi- year "i
rouml. The rirer has no biul bura. 1 think thut there are only four or live pliiriiN
)jv(twt>i^ FoplarBlnlf and the State line which wonid rcqnireiuiy dred^^ng, ami 1 lie>
lievn that if nil the snites were removed frum the river, and the Dan Biver i^tlV^tiinlly
t-liwnd n]i at ita head, tlmt Ihuee bars would »11 be remuvBd by the mirrfnt nf th'ii
liv«<r. Be it naturally biia » prett^v etiif ciorent. If it ctiitld be piMBible tn tbuninghly
(ilenn this riviT. thus making it reusunable for a gteumboat man to hiivi! 'wiitri' Ili'o
|(Tvat«r part of the year, ttrrangements could be made to mn boats Doatinnnlly. and
BM Aoon BS aettlcTB iijid people ctune into this country and fLud that they uhh di>pcnd
npon ttmmportation for their products, then tbe lower ooimtry between this mid
the Stute line would naturally settle up. Every settler would of eonrBL- hiiVft
anmD prodnet to carry. It is of vaiit importance to a very large territ-nry (1 shoulil
think about 100,000 acres) that Ibis river be thoroaghly cleaned. All the overhang-
ing tmsB. whether theyobstrui't navigation or not, should be removed, because they ■
^^untiuilly fall into the rivei. Onr Bteuuiboats have lenmved since your crew w<u J
^^^£m many m 25 trees which fell into the ilver owing to washing of the bankit. I
^^^^H ooimtry is greatly improving, and 1 notice on my trips down the river a uewJ
^^^Ktot * new eleuring whieh did not appear when I was down tlie previous tiin«S
^^Hbcerely hope you will be able to secure a good round appropri»tion thia year.4
^HEteoiild mn our boat-s the year round we could double in the next year the tnii- °l
^^^Enf tlie previous year. '
^^Hbttll* informatitiQ is not sufficient. kiniUy tell me just what yon want, and if it is
^^^MUe to procure it for you I will cheerfully submit it.
^^^t ¥onrB truly,
^KT H. D. WlLUAMS.
^^E SeoretaTf and TrtanHrer.
^■ptot. U- S. Tasek.
2058 HEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGmEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
Money statement
Amoun t Appropriated by act approved September 19; 1890 $5, 000. 00
June 30, 1891^ ainouDt expendoa dnring fiscal year 1, 537. 28
July 1, 1891, baljmcc unexpended 3,462.25
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 177.25
July 1, 1891, balance available 3,285.47
{Amount (estimated) required for fompletion of existing project 42, 000. 00
Amount that can beprolitaldy oxi>ondt!d in fiscal year ending June 30, 1893 42, 000. 00
Submitted in conipliiinc-e with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of Hm :ind 1867.
' Expcnae nccount.
Payrolls $851.44
Subdistence Hupli«\s 154.00
(General supplies 189.96
Traveling expensi-^ 3L 88
Machinery 310.00
1,537.28
Tonnage of Black River, Arkansas and Missouri, 97,720 tons.
Wg.
IMPROVKMENT OF HLACK RIVKR, MISSOURI.
Tlie first iniprovenieiits attempted upon tliis reach of river were made
in the years 18S1 and 18S2.
Prior to this work its channel was choked with logs and snags, and
obstructe<l by overhanging tiees, and in many places shoals interfered
with its navigation at low water by any bnt very light-draft boats. Its
banks caved but little, and except at the shoals it is characterized by
greater dei)th of water than is found in streams generally in its vicinity,
due to its being nanow and its banks firm. The original plan for its
improvement c<)nteni])l}ited tlu^ removal of the obstioictions and the im-
provement of the shoals, the latter l)y wing dams. A few sloughs were
to be closed u]) so as to confine the water to the main channel. Up to
June 30, 18SS, A(),0(K) had be<»Ti expended, which had opened up about
20 miles of river from roi)lar Bluff, Mo., toward the mouth. Owing to the
difiiculty in getting suitiible ax)pliances up to this reach it was carried
on under great <liniculti<^s. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889,
the snag boat Ilennj Sheldon, si)ecially constructed for work on this
river, wjis successfully ])ushed thrrnigh to Poplar Bluff and operated
from tliere down the river, rnpidly and effectively clearing the same of
obstructions. Six th(Mis;ind five hundred and sixty-two dollars and
thirty cents wen* exi>en(led in the work; erecting a strong dam at the
head of J)nn T^iver (ji chute of* the P»lack River); removing 203 snags;
cutting 1.874 ovcrluin^iln;;- tiers: driidening 17,100 trees and removing
12 musses ordril'twiioil; <'iirryiiig the work to the Arkansas State line:
renioviii;^ the ^rt'atcr ])oi'tiou of the dtingiTous low-water snags, and
making a good brginning upon the overhanging timber.
Dnring the liscal year ending June oO, 1800, only §100.20 was avail-
able, and this was expended in connection with the other appropriation
for this river, in the running expenses of the snag boat Henry Sheldon.
APPEITDIX W — ^REPORT OF CAPTAIN TABER. 2059
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, $3,914.21 were expended
between Poplar Bluff, Mo., and the Arkansas State line, removing 406
snags, destroying 23 i)iles of drift, and cutting 10,450 overhanging trees.
This work was done between Xovember 22, 1890, and February 1, 1891.
During the balance of the iis(!al year the water has been too high for
effective operations. This work has greatly improved this reach of river,
as one of the light-draft boats transferred from tlie Cache Eiver was
operated. Tliere is still overlianging timber that should be removed
and many snags and logs. Good i)rogres8, however, is now being made
toward the thorough opening of the river, and the balance will be ex-
pended removing the obstructions enumerated and in rebuilding the
dam at the head of Dan lliver, which has undoubtedly been blasted out.
It will be rebuilt so strongly as to render this impossible. More inti-
mate knowledge of this river in this reach leads me to confirm all that
I have said in regard to its being worthy of imi)rovement and to add a
considerable more in the way of emphasizing the same. To economize
space, everything that needs to be said in regard to future work has
been placed under the general heading "improving Black Eiver, Ar-
kansas and Missouri,'' as that covers the same ground.
•
COMMERCE.
See report for "improving Black Eiver, Arkansas and Missouri."
Money statement.
Amount appropriated by act a]»proved September 19, 1890 $7, 000. 00
June 30, 1891, amonnt expended during iiscal year 3, 914. 21
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 3,085.79
«
Expense account.
Payrolls $2,970.95
8ui»sist(mce 8nx)plie8 614.02
General 8up|)lie.s i78. 11
Transportation 9. 04
Traveling expenses 80. 09
Rent 40.00
Skiff 22.00
Total 3,914.21
Wig.
IMPROVEMENT OF ST. FRANCIS RIVER, ARKANSAS.
Earliest appropriation made for this river under any head was made
by act approved March 2, 1833.
Summing up all the various works of improvement it Aiay be infeiTcd
that prior to 1833 this river was much choked with drift piles, logs, and
snags, its waters sprea<l out throu;;^h a great variety of sloughs, while
overhanging trees added to the dilS(»ulties of navigation. In the origin-
ally-adopted project snagging operations figured largely and attempts
liave been mtade to close up some of the many sloughs. This river has
been anited so often with the White Kiver and also witli ti\i!b 'fi\a«?«.
__iiver that it in imposaibletogiveflxaetlyUow murh had bwsu «x]
I upon the St. Trancis River to Juiie 30, 1884.
rroid .liiiiP ao, ISSi, to June 30, 1890, «24,000 were approprial
i^lLMiiH) ill 18S4, ^8.00t» ill ISSO, and $4,000 in 1888, and this liad h
]'r:iilir:illj- esjunidnd. Tlie liistory of its expcnditiire is the liisfcorjr-
;iil M<irk iu new countries, with entirely inadequate appropriadous, m*
over long reachea of river. Moat constant and earei'iil stndy iias been
given to making tho money do as much work as posaihte. The tuiag
boat Johnson was first designed for tluB river, and its light draft,
F great power, and light running expenses were first utilized on ttiisrivoLV<
A vast Bjnoiintof very hardpioneerworkhasbeen done. Onceort
bioknesB in the swamps has demoralized the crew. Diverse iutci
[have opposed the boat's progress here and there, bnt with steady pfii"
ttistence the work has been carried on, looking to the nitlmate openinft'
of tlie river as contemplated In the original projects The little reach
above the Sunk Lands has been well opened and greatly to the advan-
tage of commerce. The transfer of the boat has caused great delay.
Tills has been obviated by building a separate twin boat partly out
t the appropriation to operate above the Sunk Lands in conjunction
ith the appropriation "improving St. Francis River, Mi-seouri."
By act approved September 19, 1890, $4,000 only was appropriated to.
carry forward this work; $8,000 was recommended. Some criticie
have been pas-ied locally upon the close estimates JuadCj and I have bi
urged to increase them because they will be scaled. I can not see \
K)Ucy in doing this and can only report that where estimates are cloM'
t wiU be found eventually that steady progress will be made, though
t takes more time for it to appear. During the fiscal year ending June
*", 1891, the water has been too high for efifective eiiaggin;:. which
' shoold be done at or near low water. The boat has been moved to the
vicinity of its next work and will be put in the fltjld tm early in the nest
fiscal year as the water will permit. A small sum was expended pro
rata uiwn a new snag boat for the reach trom Kennett, Mo,, to St.
I'niiicis, Ark,, as explained above. It is scarcely proper to include in
liiis ri'jHirt anything that is a reiteration of the reports of former years,
jci iiMirder to obtain the information necessarj' to a thorough under-
standing of the merits of the river, its commerce, the anumnt of water
iu its channel, the difficulties under which It is worked, it is absolutely
^ecessary tliat the reports for the last 5 years be caii^fnlly gone over.
tCbe more study 1 have given the stream and the country tbc more ln<
" ceetipg the study becomes and the moie convincing are the arga-
iata in fevor of opening ap the river. With no transportation except
Se wagon, a fertile section rapidly settling up between listers Liiiid-
plg and St. Francis would at once pour out through this cliatiui-! its
"products, adding many times the smn reciuired tor the inipti' :;
to the material prosperity of the country. Whatever decisiin
rendered as to the desirability of further expenditure, the riv< i
a plant of its own, peculiarly adapted to its work, and can bi- 1 .; >
at a very small outlay. It would bn better to put the river in c\ii|lorit
shape before the plant deteriorates, ami it is believed that after a few
years of thorough work the river will maintain itself. As to future de-
mands, the development of the country can alone decide what tliese will
be. It may be that dredging the Sunk Lands to bring the river back
to its own channel may be warranted in years to come and that low-
water navigation may be demanded. At present the prospect is too
I jc^uote to devote time to plans and estimates for these improvemeDbS
dto,^
!0«*^T^
iTbv pliin rocommemldd for several years that J8.000 be appropriated
nuually uot having been catrit^d out th« rivur in ihlly t^8,(H)0 behind
kne«<lL'(l improvtMnentB, and that sum could bo profitably expended'tl
be fiscal yiiUT ending Jane 30, 1893.
I The work in being carried ou aysfsmatically arid (.'ftVwtively, but tii
■ yet mnch to bo done. Xowbere iu the State will the resalts be i,
pro (lirwt, nor Is there auy section where the aiuuuiit net'esaary tou
~we tho Btr&uu Is ouy smaller in proportion to the buuelit to be (
rred.
OOMJUEEOE.
I'The records do not show what the amonnt of commerce was before
py work was done npoii this river. As the river was almost entirely
Voked »rith snags, logs, and overhanging trees it must have bten very
^all and, fiom the best authority I have been able to secure, amounted
J a iew staves token out by flatboatw propelled by hand. Goodauthnr-
■les, familial- with the river, state that if the river was properly improved
l^ght would be reduced fiom $1 per hundred by wagon to 3(i to 35
«iit« per hundred by boat. From what precedes it wiJU be seen that
inhere are no competing routes of transportation. The teixitory dritinod
by Hii« river is almost entirely dependent upon the river foi- trHiisjior-
tiii.ii'ii. As t<) prospective advantages to coiLinierce it' roiii|>li'N'i( IIh'V
:iii' j'liii'tiirally beyond computation. Four- Ictfcis in my i">'.-.[-vi,iti,
I'nitu iitdividnals ()ni te widely separated, allagi-ciiupon (inopotiii, ii:iiin>l\,
JjUut 111*; iiriiduct of tho counti-y, and heni^oits commercii, would \n- m-
HKimcd 100 per cent, annually were the river improved ticcfinljn;: ii> Ihr^
^Bfisent plans. Some idea of the general beneflt.s to be conlV'j'iii] ii[><>ii
^Hp immunity by the completion of the works may be formed liom Uio
^Bct that, with the river only about half prepared for navigjitiitii. i linii
^wt shipped iu 1885 and 1S8(>, in the extreme upper part of it, ."ion loiis
^» mBrchandise, 600,000 staves, and 700,000 feet of lumber. Kvl.ti.lidg
^■e limit a few miles lowei- and we have as the present yearly com iiiini>: —
^Lobut *3, 150. 000 I Pork #300,000
^Kvea 325,000 PotatnoB IDC^OOO
^Kitt4>n «")0, 000 MisceUuneoQB 300,000
^Em 300,000 I
^■'J'rom the lower two-thirds of tlie river, during medium and high
^Kter stages, there are shipped weekly 25,000 bales of cotton, 250,000
^EclCH of cotton «ecd, and about 175 tous of merchandise.
^■Comments as to benefits derived ^e unnecessary.
^KFhta is one of the most deserving rivers of the State. Several letters
^■my poflSBNsion go to show that the money expended with light-draft
HpBtfi since 1884 ha» produced great changes in navigation. Replies
^Klettern sent out to obtain statistics may be rwindensod as follows, vu:
^■Bivei- improvement would be tho means of settling up the country
^Ed wutse it to produce tliouwaiids of dollars' worth of timber and corn,
^■.would reduce the rates of freight folly 25 per cent., as the boats now
^Bnning could carry double the amount of freight at but little extra es-
^Bise. It is estimated thatfourtimes as much freight would be shipped
HFthe river.
^Blf. Robert V. Sanders, of Kennctt, Mo., estimates that il' tli« river
^BB pTOperly inijiroved there would be annunllv produced and shipped,
^nrand above wh.it is now shipped, 25,000 bushels of corn, 100,000
^Ba at cotton seed, 100,000 white-oak staves, and millions of cypress
2062 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARHY.
Tonnage of St, Francis Siver, Arkansas,
Tons.
Cotton (40,000 bales) 10,000
Cottonseed 17,500
Com (300,000 bushels) '. 6,600
Pork 6,000
Potatoes (300,000 bushels) 9,000
Merchandise 2,500
Lumber (337,000,000 feet) 674,000
Staves (120,000 feet) ..i 6,000
730,600
Money statement.
July 1, 1800, baliiDce unexpended $2.42
Amount api)ropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 4, 000. 00
4,002.42
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 2,501.52
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 1,500.90
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 298.10
July 1, 1891, balance available 1,302.80
(Amount (estimated) required for rom])lction of existinj? project 28, 000. 00
Amount that can be profitably expended in ii seal vear tmd i ug J line 30, 1893 28, 000. 00
Submitted in compliance -with rcquiremeuts of soctioiis 2 of river and
harbor acts of 18G6 and 18G7.
Expense account.
Payrolls $1,821.04
Subsistence supplies 216. 18
General supplies 334.00
lYansportation 13.20
Traveling expenses 161.35
Stationery 15.75
Rent 40.00
Machinery 400.00
2, SOL 52
WII.
IMPROVEMENT OF ST. FKANCIS RIVER, MISSOURI
The first appropriation made for this work was tliat of $5,000 by act
of Aiij^iist 11, 1888. Trior to tliis time the river cliannel wafl choked
with lo;^saml sniip:s, ov(^rliai)giii*2: trees iiit(»rfered with the smokcstiwrks,
and several shoals interfered with low-water navigation. The original
project eontemplated the removal of the shoals 12 miles below Green-
vilh-s Mo., the removal by a sna^ boat of stumps, sna^a, and overhang-
ing trees from (ircHMivilU'. ^b»., to the town of St. Francis, Ark. Up to
June 30, 1800, .95,000 had b(H*n expended open in<^ up very thoroughly
the river from Greenville, ]\1(»., to a jjoint about so iniles above St. Fran-
cis, Ark. A few o])strueti(nis were i(*move<l ovov this latter reach.
By act approved Seiitcmlu^.r li>, ISOO, .sio,r»oo were appropriatijd to
carry on the work. As much tiouble had been exi)erienced in getting
APPENDIX W — ^BEPOET OP CAPTAIN TABEB. 2063
the snag "boat A, B. Johnson tlirongh the Sunk Lands, this being a bar-
rier impassable except at extreme high water, and being a natural divi-
sion of the river into its districts, rather than the arbitrary one at St.
Francis, Ark., proper authority was secured to build a snag boat, tlie
duplicate of the Johnsonj to operate above the Sunk Lands altogether,
leaving the Johnson for the work below and also for the work in Little
Eiver. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, tliis boat was bidit
and equipped. From the time the boat was completed to the close of
the fiscal year the water was too high for effective operations, and the
boat was laid up in ordinary accordingly. As early in the next fiscal
year as the water will permit the boat will be put into the field and
operated, first over the 80 miles not worked under the fonncr appropria-
tion, and then attention will be given to the shoals 13 miles below
Greenville. The balance in hand c«an not be pronounced upon as to its
sufficiency, inasmuch as the act provides for the payment of a claim
supposed to be presented by the Dunklin County Transportation Com-
pany for a cut-off owned by them. No such claim has yet been pre-
sented, and it is doubtful if it ever will be, as the territory was a swamp
and it was at tiieir most urgent request that it was improved, as may
be shown by the records, and was of no account to low- water naviga-
tion until it was opened by the snag boat. If this claim is not presented^
then no money will be required to complete the present project; if it is,
then the amount of the claim in addition will be required.
This reach of river win some day require very careful attention^ as it
drains a very rich and fertile territory, now little known,
OOMMEBGE.
For commerce, see " Improving St. Francis Eiver, Arkansas.'^
Money statement.
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 $10, 500. 00
June 30, 1891, amount expended during iiscal year 2, 642. 68
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 7,857.32
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 120.00
July 1, 1891, balance available 7,737.S2
Expense account.
Payrolls $1,370.70
r.eneral supplies 1,074.38
Transportation 23.98
Tin veling expenses 66. 90
Stationery 9.00
Lumber 61.35
}<Kiff 22.00
Kodorved in United States Treasury for freight fhar;r<'S 14. 37
Total 2,642.68
mPEOVEMENT OF LITTLE KTVEE. MISSOUEI AND ARKAXSA.S..^^B
Tbe first appropriatiou ever made for this river vtis that of t^^^^|
vhioh became a law August 11, ISSS, amounting to $d,nOO (live-vidH^I
I bf the estiraate, $8,000). The project tor iniproveinent contum^uM^
beiiiltsriii^ it navigable at high and medium stages from Homersvillc to
ntft junction with tbe 8t. Francis River, especially to prolong tbe medium
t fttuge of wat«r by confining the wat#r to one of the two chutes making
out of the lake upon which Homersville is situated, and by removing
the snags, logs, and masses of driflwood that have accumulated in the
channel. The jji-oject for the expenditure of the $5,000 referred to
_ftbove, provides that it be expended as follows, viz: $1,500, or as much
Lis may be necessary, in building a dam across one of the chutes at or
■tecar the lake, and tlie balance in removing the worst obstructtous in
wi^e way of overhanging trees, logs, snags, and drift, over the distance
■vpeoifled, and that the sntig boat A. B. Jahnsmt be used for this work,
■being tronsfeiTefl in due form and by proper authority and at the proper
Etiiue for this purpose, the dam to be constructed of brush and gravel,
I '^rnsh and i^xks. or of such other material as may be had in the locality
as may be best adapted to the purpose.
The work to be executed by hired labor and tbe purchase of mutej-ial
iu open market, as this is moat eenuomioal and advant^igeoiui Ui Uie
Govepumeut™ It will be ween that this provides for the use of tbe snag
K boat A. a. JoknuoH.
I Owing to the boat being requiied elsewhere and to an atx^ideut Ut the
l-ftune in the fall of 1880. and to high water, no wdrk was done nntil
■jOtu'ly iu the fiscal ye-ar fuding -Tuue 30, 1891. Operations were vigor-
Konsly carried on from Jidy 5, IfsOO, until August 23, when wat«T oe-
ftoame too low t^ move the o|icrutiug boat. Work was all done at or
rBear extreme low wati^r and extended over 8i) inUes of the river, t. &,
from its month to Perkins Bar. This can-ied the work to within about
20 miles of the foot of the lake. In addition to this work, a dam 300
feet long and from IJ to 5J feet high was biiilt across the right chute.
Over the 80-mile reach, Ifil trees were cut, 109 snags removed, and 25
r onbic yards of earth excavated.
■ By a«t approved September 19^ 1890, $3,000 was appropriated. On
KjNovember 22, 1890, the water continuing low and the boat being rtt-
■ quired for work upon the appi-opriation to which she properly beloiigH,
she was withdrawn fVom the river.
The next suitable time for work will be in the early pai-t of the next
fiscal year, jjiid steps will be taken to put the boat in the field at ^^_
J- proper time. Great relief has been afforded already, and it is bc^A^^I
Ltbat the present iiinds will do all the work required at present. ^^^^|
■dnfonned that extensive prexiarations are being made to utilise tiie^^^|
■<nel a» soon iis opened. ^^^H
I OOMMBROB. ^^H
9 HoniCTSville sliips yearly about 20,000 bales of cotton, 600,000 hnsbelH
I pf grain, and a good quantity of stock. This is the only outlet this sec-
tion has, t'scept wagons. Like many other streams in this State, it
litts iipou its banks some very fine timber, which only waits a fl-de
water way to find a ready market. Horners%-ille is backed by a larefl
, tract of imjiroved country, whose main distributing i»oint it ia. JDIH
L waUir way itself is partly a lake and partly two narrow rlveEa.^^^H
APPENDIX W — ^KEPORT OF CAPTAIN TABEB. 2065
lake exteuds about 12 iiiiloK from lIornei'Hvillo. Tliis lake is drained
into St. FraneiK River by two eliutes that an» known t^igetlier an Little
Biver. It i^too soon to giveetterts ii]H>n rates of insurance. an<l freight.
It lia« no competing routes of transiiortation. As to prosiwc^tive advan-
t4iges to commerce and lK»nefit« to coniniunity if (•oni])K*ted, th(»r(» will
be the 8ame results in a general way a^^ enumerated for St. Francis Kiver,
as it is one of it« feedei*8.
Money ttfatement
July 1, 1890, balance uuexiKiudcd $2, 897. 59
Amount appropriated by act approved Septembor 19, 1890 3, 000. 00
5, 897. 59
Juue 30, 1891, amount ozponded duriug fiscal year 2, 865. 69
July 1, 1891, balance uuexpeuded 3,031.90
Expense avcount.
Payrolls $2,356.00
Subsistence supplies 183. 20
General suppUes 199. lU
Transportation 15. 65
Traveling exjienHCH 21. 95
Stationery 2:120
Kent 44.00
Reserved in United States Treasury for freight ebarge» 22. 35
2,865.69
Tonnage, 2,611 tons.
W 13.
PBELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF CURKENT RIVER, FROM VAN BUREN,
MISSOURI, TO ITS MOUTH.
[Prinied in Uouao Ex. Doc. No. 157, Fifty-fii-Ht Congri'HH, docoiid scssiun.]
United States Engineer Office,
Little Rock^ Arl.^ December 11, lfi90.
General: In accordance with the reriiiirenieiits of letters dated
Office of the Chief of Engineers, Wasliingt^ni, I). C, Sei)tember 20, 1890,
I have the honor to submit the f(>lh)wing report* upon the preliminary
examinations of Current Kiver, Missouri and Arkansas:
It being found impossible, consistent with the interests of the works
under my charge, to make this examination in i>erson, a conii)etent civil
engineer of ex];>erience was engaged to make this examination, and from
his very full report now before me, appended, I am able to make the
following stAtementi), viz :
No farther examinations will be necessary to enable me to submit
plans and estimates for the improvement of the navigable reach of this
river. It is worthy of the improvement, and the outlay necessary for
the same is ftilly wari'anted by the interests involved.
It appears that there are 05 miles of this river from tin* mouth to
Van Buren ttiat are navigable thrcmghimt the whole year, as there is an
abundance of watef. The discharge at Van lUiren at a low- water st^ge
* Maj> not rupriuted.
BNG 91 ^130
BEPOBT Ol- THE CUIEF OF EN01NKES8, V. S. i
' is 2,300 cubic feet per second. About 4 miles below this point is a large
spring, whicJi afforclB )il>out 700 cubic feet more. The average width at
[ low- water stage is 200 feet and tlie velocity 2.75 miles per lionr. Tlie
I flood oscillation is about 10 feet. The Current River at time of Hoods
L ia very swifl, and has a t«ndeucy b) clear the clianncl of oi>stru('tionH in
the way of snags, tlitiugh many large iday-flllcd roots, t<io obstinate to
be moved in tliis wiiy, are lodged in the channel aud make Herioua ob-
structions to navigation, Other obstructions in the way of slinals may
be readily iinpTOvod by a system of wing dams, built of rock aiid willow
bniHb, for the puri)ow« of contractiug tbe channel.
ThiH style of wing dam has been successfully operated rin Upper
W Lite Eivei'. The comineri'C demanding the improvement of tUis river
is api)roximately estimated to be 112,500 tons of lumber \u)V annum
in Ciirter County, Mo., besides twenty-one aoctiona of undevelope4l
mineral lands (iron and lead), of which I have specimens now iu my
oEBce that will compare favoralily with the ores of Iron Moimtain ajid
De Lozo lead mines, Missouri.
In Kipley County 23,004 tons of lumber, 1,112 bales of cotton, and
120 carloads of dour and grain, besides merchandise, reeeivpd.
From the State line to the mouth in Arkansas, 3o,lH>0 tons of timber,
3,500 bales of cotton, besides grain aud merchandise.
With the foregoing in view^it is recommended that $10,000 be appro
priated for improving this nver&om Van Buren to its mouth, t'l be
applied as Ibllows, viz:
Felt building OJld uqnippin^ ODH Hinall hand-plopellDd anag boat t^W
For niiiDiagexpouHUH of tliiB boat 4iaouthH if ISO'
For biuldiug tii wing doius .,. TO
For oue rouk burge ., ,,. jn
For contingeut oxponfieS 1,190
Totftl 10,000
■Before closing this report it is my duty to invit* ntt«ntion to tlie fact
that a raiUoad bridge spans the river 3 miles below Van Buicii, unpro-
vided with a draw spauj and ao low as to prnwut an lrupus»uble ubrdacle
to navigation. This bridge belongs to theCuirentRiverRailroadC-om-
pany. This stmcturo will be made a subject for report, as roiiuired by
law. It will have to be attendtd to before the improvement is suof.etia-
fuUy carried out. It ia presumed there will be no dilbcidty m thin oiat-
tei', as the policy of the railroads in this State seems to have l>ecn t(i
erect a bridge and operate it Just as long as they should beundistnrb^d.
and comply with the law when navigation demanded the passage of
boats.
The people of Van Buien consider it an imposition on the part of the
railroad company in putting this bridge across the river, shutting out
navigation to their town.
A reference to the Annual Report Chief of Engineers, 1881, Part 11,
pages 1407 to 1409, will fihow that the sum recommended is about tite
sum recommended by Mtyor Beuyaiu'd, The difference is due to tift
new model snag boat recently constructed for these ri^-ers, ^vbich can
do as effective work as the more expensive iMiata, aud y«t does not cost
BO much to run monthly by some $1,000 or SI, 700.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
U. S.TABBKf J
Captain, Cor^a of ."- ''"
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Caskv,
Ghie/ of £iigi7Kerii, U. S. A.
* APPENDIX W — REPORT OF CAPTAIN TABEE. 2067
[First indorsement]
U. 8. Engineer Office,
Southwest Division,
Xew YorTcj December 18, 1890.
Tlespectfully forwarded to the Chief of Engineers.
I am of opinion that the Cunent Kiver is worthy of improvement for
the reavsons and to tlie extent stated by the district officer.
C. B. COMSTOCK,
Col. of Engrs,^ Bvt. Brig. Gen,, U. 8. A,y
Division Engineer.
REPORTS OF mi. J. R. VAN FKAXK, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
1.
United States Engineer Office,
Little Bock, Ark., November 3, 1890,
Captain : I have the honor to submit herewith my report of the examination of
Current River from Van Buren, Mo., to the iifouth, where it empties into Black River.
According to your instructions I proceeded to Van Buren on the 21st of October,
1890, via St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railw«ay, to Williamsville, Mo. ;
thence, via Cape Girardeau and Soutli western Railway, to Grandin, Mo. ; thence, via
Current River Railway, to Chicopee, the station on the opposite side of the river
from Van Buren.
Van Buren is the county seat of Carter County, Mo., a town of about 200 inhab-
itants, four general merchandise stores, one drug store, hotel, livery stable, black-
smith shop, saw and grist mill, court-house, sclioolhouse, and churches.
Mr. Alex. Carter, the oldest and one of the prominent merchants, informed me that
Current River has always been considered navigable to that point, and even above
there to the mouth of Jacks Fork, 30 miles above. Until late years flatboating was
carried on between there and Pocahontas, a point on Black River, accessible to steam-
boats adapted to the lower river. The principal commerce of the river at the p])3sent
date is raiting of logs, lumber, and square timbers: a large quantity of cedar poles
has been rafted from Jacks Fork this season. I found no one that could give me
an estimate of the amount.
Pine is the principal timber rafted from the vicinity of Van Buren and below. The
hills of Carter County, adjacent to the river, are heavily timbered with pine. It is
estimated by some of the prominent citizens of Van Buren that there is 800,000,000
feet of timber adjacent to the river north of there undisturbed by mill and raftsmen.
This interest is being developed along the lines of the Current River Railway and
the Cape Oirardou andSouthwestem Railway. At Grandin, the present terminus of
the Current River Railway, there are two sawmills with a combined capacity of
150,000 feet per day. This milling company, called the Missouri Iron and Lumber
Company, has contracted with the railroad company to furnish them with 10 cars
per day.
A new mill is being built 3 miles below Van Buren, with a capacity of 20,000 feet
per day. Keen's mill, 6| miles below, combined capacity of 40,000 feet per day ;
Carter & Clay's, at Chilton, 8f miles below, combined capacity of 40,000 feet per day.
Other mills at copper mine and west of the river, of which I did not get an esti-
mate, together with the above mentioned, all have an interest in the logging and
rafting commerce of the reach of Current River above and for 20 miles below Van
Buren. Aside from the lumber there is a large tract of undeveloped mineral lands
immediately on and adjacent to the river in Carter County. It is estimated at fif-
teen sections of iron dre, six sections of lead, besides copper and manganese, lliere
is also a good quality of marble in this vicihity.
The agricultural lands are largely undeveloped, and as yet give little commerce to
the river in this vicinity. So far I have outlined the commerce above and for 20 miles
below Van Buren to the vicinity of Ripley County line. The commerce of this county
is as large in the lumber interest as that of Carter County. The agricultural lands
are more fertile and well developed.
Doniphan, the county seat, has about 800 inhabitants, is a])ro8]^erous and growing
town, and has communication with the outside world by means ol a brauch of the St.
Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern Railway from Neely ville, a distance of 20 miles.
This railroad was built in 1883. Previous to this date steamboats navigated Current
APPENDIX W — REI'ORT OF CAPTAIN TABEU.
2069
End of inland
Ford and shoal, 2 feet deep
Shoal, 2ftM)tdeep
Month of creek Smooth River to Bart
Cam p Creek
Mouth of Bart Camp Creek
Rock Dam, shoal 2 feet deep
Bend, Cedar Blutf
Shoal, 1.5 feet deep, can be improved by
wine dams from richt bank —
Islan£ and crooked enannel, caving banks
on left
Shoal Just above bay at Phillips Mill
Snags in bend ■
Shoal, needs oontraoting, raft lodged
Bad snags in swift current, banki caving
on left
If arrow chute 100 feet wide, 5 feet deep,
swift
Shoal (upper) at head of towhead, 2 feet
deep, rapid current
Shoal below, 2 feet deep ; this ends the bad
reach of Imile
South line of Carter County
Shoal 2 feet deep
Bend
Jakes Valley
Shoal 1.5 feet deep
Month <tf Biff Barren Creek
Shoal 2 feet deep
Do
Do
The bend above Club House is filled with
Dis-
tiinoe
fnim
Van
Buren.
snags
Rillley Coon^' Club House
Siiags wad rapid current
Shoal
Mouth of Little Barren Crook, cultivated
fields on right bank
Month of Buffalo Creek
Shoal, not bad, large spring on right
Small chute to left, runs back to uluil' and
comes in 1 mile below
Bad shoal, 1 foot deep, tow-head and chiito
on left; gravel bar extends diagonally
down the river from right bank
Mouth of chute and end of island
Bay at Jones Mill, end of isle, mouth of
cniite and Capps Creek
Shoal 2 ieet deep, rapid
Sharp bend to left, tow-head and rapid
current
Middle of chute running eaAt>, rapid cur-
rent
Sharp bend to right, water 12 feet doop . . .
Mouth of Wells C*reek, raft yard, bluif,
bend to left
A good reach of river called Birds Reach,
amne southeast for 2 miles
Month of Isaacs Creek
McGee Ford and mouth of Siiiipsun
Creek
Mouth of Bills Crciek
"Worley Rock
Ifead of island and ford ; chute on loft
runs to Neils Mill
Ferry at Doniphan
ShoaJ, 1.5 feet deep, mill dam; water is
deeper next right Dank
13.50
15
15. 25
16.75
17
18
18.75
19
19.25
19.50
19.75
20
20.25
21
22.25
23
2:^.75
24
24.50
25
25.50
25. 75
20
20.25
26.50
30
31
31.50
32
32.50
33.50
33.75
34
:u.25
:w. 50
Rhonl, 2.3 f<»ot deep
Slionl, 1.5f«»<'t deep, lioad of chute on right. .
B<*nd to left, wator 1.2 feet deep
Shoal, 2 feet deep
Bend Ut right
Shoal 2 feitt deep
Shoal at month of MuUjerry Creek
Snugs in bend and mouth of Cuiighom
Creek
Chute to left, head of inland
SnngH
Mouth of Mill Creek aiul Shoal
Bend to left and bad nnags
Mouth of Dudley Oeek and l*atM Hay
Three chutes ; tile ri^ht chute is de4«i> and
narrow, though it should be chwwl,
tiuiiing the water through eenU^r chute,
thus making the channel straight; bad
snags at the lower end of these chutes. .
Batl snags
Tow-heads, crooke4l channel, and ba<l
snags. Impn)vements can oe made by
building dam from left shore and taking
out snags, so as to utilize the left chute.
Indian Ferry
Shoal 2 feet deep, rapid below, chute on
ritfht
Roeik points to left
Marvel Hend, many bad snogs
Head of Cane ( 'hute ; is narrow and di'ep ;
cut-off rock blu£f on the left is one-thinl
of auiile long
State line, cut oft', very (^rooked, bad sna^ .
Pittmon Ferry; steamboats run to this
)M»int
Shoal 2 feet deep, rapid current
Do
Bail suaf^rt
Cultivation on n^ht bank
Shallow wat^T, stnilj;ht reaeh.
Ifoad of iHlaud; rliuteouthe ri;;)it Ih nar-
row and deej), rocky bank on the ri«;lit;
this iH the hint rock that shows on the
bank of the river
Lower end of island
James Price's fannhoUHo
Bad snojJtH
Cut-otr at month of Little Black River;
Hiiags
Duff F*'rry
RirharilHo'ii Feiry
Fannliouse : old 'ntore Ht.j)nd
liOgging on ri^rht hank and Cypress Lake. .
Sawmill on ri«;lit bank
tJiiu iIolniHon Ferry, store, sawmill, and
cotton ;;in *.
Cut ofi'at Sliuuiakar Ferry
f 'aseys col ton gin !
( iay lianlt Ferry «
Iteiid ; lar«;e t wo-story franu^ house
Mcflroy Ferry
Cut -olV' should I >e cleared of snags
Fiu'uihouse on right biuik
Loggingcauip
Mouth of Current Ki ver
Black Kiyer:
Jell' Cart4'r H ]>laoo
Mouth of Kourche Dumas
Pocahontas
Dim
t-ance
fnun
Van
Bur(«n.
42. 25
42. 75
43. 25
43. 50
44
44.50
45
45.75
46. 25
46. .50
48. 75
47. .'iO
47.75
48
48.25
48.50
49. 25
50
50.50
51
52
53
53. 50
54.50
55
56
57
58
58. 50
59
61
61.50
62
63.25
65
65.50
67
68.25
69. 50
71
73.75
78
79
85. 25
85. 50
87. 25
89. 75
94.50
94.75
98.50
99.50
The character of the river from Van Buren down IJ3 miles is a swift, evou curront;
Telocity al>oat 2,75 miles per hour at the present low-water stage; the width is fvbout
200 feet and depth from 2 to 6 feet; the osei11ati(m Di feet.
The discharge at Van Buren is 2,200 eubie feet per second ; stage of water, 0.5 feet;
the width of overflow from 600 to 800 feet; average height of hank ahove low water
12 feet; average width hetween hanks, 400 feet; iiver:ig(> fall per mile, 2.5 feet.
2070 RErORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. 8. ARMY.
■
There are very few sungs in this reach of livrr; the rain<l <'niivnt has a twntleury t4>
clear eyerything in itscourse^ even to making level the hrd of the stream, as the even
depth of wat'er shows no pools, no rock reefs, 1)ut an t^vcn gravel hed. The honks
are snhstantial; few overhanging trees obstnict navigation in tlie bends and chntes.
There are few shoals that have less than 2 feet of water in low-water season.
The Current Railway Bridge, three-fonrtlis mile below "\''an Buren, is a combined
wood and iron trass, 450 feet long ; tliere are 3 tixed s]>ans 150 feet each ; the piers con-
sist of 2 iron cylindrical caissons 6 feet in diameter, filled with concrete; the cross-
beams and lower chords are 325 feet above low water. This is the only permanent
obstruction to navigation on the whole liver. The firat bad reach is 19 miles below
Van Buren and extends 1^ miles, has a crooked channel, rapid current, bad snags,
and two shoal places; a channel of 2 feet of water over the shoals can not be utilized
on account of snags. Another bad place was enconntered at 25| miles distance^ whore
10 or 12 snags occu]>ied the channel, leaving the only room ibr a raft or boat next the
gravel bar, 1 foot deen ; there would be 6 feet of water in the channel were the snags
taken away. The only ba<l shoal on^the whole river where there does not seem to be
enough water to float a 20-inch sawlog is 31^ uiiles down the river; there are two
chutes here to divide the water, which, if closed by rock and willow dams, with an
additional wing-dam on the ojjposite side to contract the chainiel, would give plenty
of wat«* over the shoals.
At a point 1^ miles above Doniphan is a large I'ock, known as Worley Rock, about
10 or 12 feet in diameter; the water is deep to one side of this rock, but the current
carries a raft directly over it, making it a dangerous obstacle to encounter. This
may be blasted out.
Doniphan is 4^ miles from Van Buren ; from this place to the ^State lino is where the
most of the snagging should be done and overhanging trees cut. In some of the
bends where the banks are caving the trees should be cut to prevent their falling
into the river and lodging. There are no bad shoals but that have plenty of water
to be overcome by a boat drawing from 18 to 24 inches of water.
At a point 48 miles down the river are three chutes. The water divides to such an
extent that the middle chute is sliallow at the upper end, leaving the side and
crooked chute to be navigated; these side chutes should be closed by rock and
willow dams, throwing the water at a low stage through the middle chute. Another
point one-half mile below this is similar and can be improved by removing snags
from the straight channel.
Still farther down the river is Cane Chut<5. This is a cut-off, straight, narrow, and
deep: overhanging trees obstruct navigation. One mile farther down -the river is
the State Line Cut-off; this has recently been made; is very crooked; the raw edges
of the bank are still projecting and many snags are lodged in the channel. From
this point down to the mouth the current is more sluggish and the river more wind-
ing, giving greater length of river. Two miles below the State line is the last shoal
of 2 feet. From there down the depth ranges fr«)m (J to 12 feet. Very little work
with a snagboat would put this reach of river in good shape, so that the boats now
plying the lower river could run as far up as Pittinan Ferry at the State line and
carry out the freight now waiting on the bank.
The steamer /7ojf>c made an attempt to n^ach this point 10 days ago, but met with
diihculty on account of snags and overhanging trees near James I*rice*8 farm, and
returned down the river.
The cut-off at the mouth of Little Black has several bad snags to be removed.
This will bring us into clear river already navigated without difticulty.
Another cut-off just below Mellroy Ft^Ty, not us«'d at ])res<»nt on account of being
choked ^vith snags, could be cleared and tlioreby short^Mi the distance 2 miles.
No other obstructions were encc»untered on to the mouth, though outside of my
brief outline of work to be elfcM'led many contingi-neies will occur to give ein]>loy>
ment to a snagging outfit <luring the season.
Very respectfully submitted.
Your obedii'ut servant, J. 11, Van Fjlanic,
Ansistant JEngincer.
Capt. H. S. Tabki;,
Corjys iff Kngiiirn-Hj L\ S, A,
APPENlJlX W — REPORT OF CAPTAIN TABKR. 2071
2.
United States Ekgineer Office,
Little Bock, Ark., December 1, 1890,
Captain: I have the honor to submit as an appendix to my report herewith an
estimate of cost of removing obstructions in Current River from Van Ruron, Mo.^to
the mouth, viz :
One hand snagboat fitted with steam hoisting power $4, 000
Expense of running same 4 months 2, 800
6; 800
Cost of wing dams :
Smiles, 100 linear feet, at 30 cents $30
3.5 miles, 200 linear feet, at 30 cents 60
8.25 miles, 200 linear ffeet, at 30 cents 60
17 miles, 100 linear feet, at 30 cents ♦. 30
19.25 miles, 200 linear feet, at 30 cents 60
20 miles, 100 linear feet, at 30 cents 30
23.75 miles, 100 linear feet, at30cent8 30
Qi tYiii^o S 100 linear feet, at 30 cents 30
aimues, ^ 50 linear feet, at 30 cents 15
31.50 miles, 200 linear feet, at 30 cents 60
42.75 miles, 50 linear feet, at 30 cents 15
AQ. m^^^a S 150 linear feet, at 30 cents 45
** °^"^' ) 150 linear feet, at 30 cents 45
48.50 miles, 200 linear feet, at 30 cents 60
53 miles, 200 linear feet, at 30 cents 60
54.50 miles, 100 linear feet, at 30 cents - 30
Total, 2,200 linear feet, at 30 cents 660
Worley Rock (blasted) 50
Superintendent, 4 months, at $125 per month 500
Custodian and recorder, 6 months, at $75 per month 450
One rock barge 350
Total 8,810
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. R. Van Frank,
• Assistant Engineer,
Capt. H. 8. Taber,
Ckn^s of Engineers, U, 8, A»
APPENDIX X.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER FROM HIGH- WATER
MARK, LAKE COITNTY, TENNESSEE, TO HIGH-WATER MARK, FULTON
COUNTY, KENTUCKY, NORTH AND WEST OF REEF FOOT [REELFOOT]
LAKE TO ASCERTAIN IF NAVIGATION OF THE RIVER MAY NOT BE IM-
PROVED BY RESTRAINING THE FLOW OF WATER INTO SAID LAKE,
AND ADJOINING LOW LANDS.
REPORT OF CAPTAIN 8, W. ROESSLER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER
in charge.
United States Engineer Office,
MeniphiSy Tenn.j May 14, 1891,
General: In compliance with the Department letter of the 20th of
September, 1890, 1 have the honor to vsubniit the foHowing report of a
preliminary examination of the " Mississippi Kiver from high-water
mark, Lake County, Tennessee, to high-water mark, Fulton County,
Kentucky, north and west of lieelfoot Lake, to ascertain if navigation
of the river may not be improved by restraining the flow of water into
Siiid lake, and adjoining low lands." The examination in the fiekl was
made by Assistant Engineer William M. Rees, a copy of whose report
is hereto appended.
The escape of wat^r into the basin of Eeelfoot Lake is limited on the
east by the high bluft' at Hickman and on the west by Prairie llidge, a
high piece of ground from 5 to 7 feet above the highest known water.
The piece of river included between these two high grounds is about 23
miles long, and has banks varying in height from 4 to 11 feet below the
high water of 1883, the highest here known, the mean depth of over-
flow being about 7 feet. The water diverted from the main river over this
bank flows in a direction generally parallel to the main river through
the ba^iin of lieelfoot Lake, Isom Lake, and Ifeaver Lake, joins the val-
ley of the Obion, a short distance above its mouth, and returns to the
main stream at Hale's Point, 100 miles below I lickman. The overflowed
area due to this escai^e of wat^^r is estimated at about 280,000 acres, in-
cluding Re^lfoot Lake. From indirect data it has been estimated that
the overflow during the high water of 1883 reached a maximum of nearly
200,(MM> cubic feet per second.
The divergence of so large an amount of water could not fail to exert
a delet/i»rious influence on the bed of the river in New Madrid lleach,
and the construction of a levee to restrain it would, in myoi)inion, inove
benefi(»ial to the navigation of the river and at the same time protect a
large area of tillable land from overflow.
The approximate location of a levee connecting the bluffs at Hickman
with the high ground above Tiptxmville and following the bank of the
rivvr ia iiKlii;aU^il od tlie a^companyiTig map. The location us given i»
that of a preliminary survey of the Mississippi, Tennessee and Georgia
Railroad Company, made several years ago with the view at the time
(bat since abandoned) of building a riverside railroad fiom Hickman
south towards Dyersburg. Using the profiles of this survey as basis for
&a estimate, a levee suitable tor restrainiDg the highest ovei flow known
L would be about 20 miles long, with an average licight of 10.2 feet, and,
Sallowing for a crown width of 6 feet and side slopes of2^ to 1 and 3 to
1 1, would contain approximately 1,300,000 cubic yards, which at 20 centa
f per yard would cost $260,000.
' I have been led to understand that the overflowed district aided by
the city of Hickman would be in a position to contribute about fl^iliOOO
of the above amount if the United States would supply the remainder.
At the time the railroad project was under consideration the folhiwing
amunnts were guaranteed the railroad as an inducement to Imild the
levee and occupy it as a roadbed :
_ BabBvtiption city of Hickman, Kv 921j,000
I Tai on 2D.000 acres in Kentucky, $2.: 00,006
ft Subscription or25,000acTea in TenneMCie, $2 50^O(Q
I Total Ut^OOft
I ' Aud the same amounts are af^in presented as the probable resouroes
I of the district inaidoftlie construction of a simple Icvue. Thebal»ne«.
1. $135,000, to complete the levee would be an advantageous investmetiG
I to the Government, as tliere is probably no jwrtion of the river v "
I BO small an esiienditni-e would restrain so large a volume in the o
nel in time of flood and maintain it there for such a long distanoe)!
the gap between Ilickuan and Prairie Bidge closed, there wi!H>A
considerable overflow within a distance of 50 miles below HiekiniH .
The principle adopted by the Commission of using levees as iinportitut
n^ljuncta to the improvement of the low-water navigation would find
special application in this case.
The estimate of cost above submitted, thongh subject to corrcctionE
by exact surveys, is believed not to be seriously in error.
The locality is worthy of improvement in the manner stated.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
I S. W. ROESSLER,
I Captain of En^vnot
I Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
I Chief of Engineers, U. 8. A.
(Through Col, 0. B, Comstock, Corps of Engineers, Division Engi
Southwest Division.)
[Tblnl iDdorBinnont.)
U. 8. EiJOLNEER Office,
Southwest Division,
JVew Tori; May 28, 1
BospectfuUy forwarded to the Chief of Engineers.
The river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, provides for l
arniiiatiun " north and west of Beelfoot Lake to ascertain if uavigi
of the river may not be improved by restraining the flow of i
said lake and a^tjoining low lands."
The estimated cost of tlie restiaint is $260,(K)0. In my opinion the
amount of improvement of the Mississippi River by this exj
[ -would be too small to juntify the expenditure and there"
kthiuk the river worthy of improvement by this method.
sstmetiG
r wlui^
iekmiol^
*. i.
mmm
m^0t^UM. if /I. Mfns CO.. Ma»t.. 4V
^.^ij.'iN
lASAirtM
— MMa nm ■nnnrtrianna n n ..^.j—
APPENDIX X — REPORT OF CAPTAIN R0E8SLER. 2075
This ciit^irprisc has been i)reseiite(l to the JVlississipiii River Coinniis-
sion more than once by tlie Mi8si88ii)pi Levee Compauy, and aid from
the Commission has been asked, but the Commission has not a« yet
recommended any allotment for the i)uii)ose.
C. B. COMSTOCK,
Colonel of Engineers^ Bvt. Brig. Oen., U. J3. A.j
Division Engineer.
beport op mr. w. m. rees, assistant engineer.
United States Engineer Office,
Memphis f Tenn,, May 11 ^ 1891,
Captain: In compliance with yonr iustriictioiis of May 1, I have the honor to re-
port npon '' a preliminary examioiitioii of the location of a propo8e<l levee, from the
high ground at Hickman, Ky., to the high ground above Tiptonville, Tenn."
I left Memphis on May 3 and arrived at Hickmau, Ky., the following day; here I
devoted 2 days coUectiug data and arranging for a trip over, the proposed levee.
This I made on the 6th, traveling for the greater part of the distance, over the line
surveyed by the Mississippi, Tennessee and Ge(»rgia Railroad Company, which oc-
cupies the high ^ound in the viciuity of the river, but at a safe distance therefrom.
From an examination of county aud other maps, and the maps and profiles of pre-
liminary lines run by the railroad euginccrs, I lind the length of the levee will be
about 20 miles, 15 of which are in Kentucky and 5 in Tennessee ; and that the aver-
age depth of overflow is about 7 feet.
One terminus is the bluffs at Hickman, and the other a high rid^e, extending from
below Tiptonville to opposite New Madrid, Mo., having an elevation of irom 5 to 10
feet above extreme high water.
the territory to be benefited.
This levee will protect lands in Fulton County, Ky., and in Lake, Obion, and Dver
counties, Tenn. ; a strip of land extending from'lliekman, Ky., on the nortn to Hale's
Point, at the mouth of Forked Deer Kiver, on the south, a length of 45 miles: and
from the Mississippi River on the west to tlie hills on the east, an average width of
10 miles. In this is situated Reelfoot Lake, a shallow body of water covering about
30,000 acres and having a depth of 5 to 8 feet.
Reliable parties in Hickman, Ky., who have given the problem some study, esti-
mate the lands to be protected at 30,000 acres in Kentucky and 200,000 acres in Ten-
nessee. I have compiled from various sources the following:
Approximate estimate of overflowed lands.
Acres.
Fulton County, Ky 30,000
Lake County, Tenn 75,000
Obion County, Tenn *50,000
Dyer County, Tenn tl25,000
Total 280,000
In Fulton County, Ky., 5,000 acres will probably be left outside the levee. In
Obion County, Tenn., Reelfoot Lake' covers about 30,000 acres, though it is held
that much of this will he reclaimed when the levee is built, the depths being ex-
tremely shallow along the margins.
Lake and Dyer counties have lands near the river, which would still be over-
flowed, and in the latter county the back waters from the Mississippi River will still
inundate much of the low lands, though probably not to the present extent. Based
upon approximate information only, I estimate the area to be benetited as follows:
Acres.
Fulton County, Ky 25,000
Lake County, Tenn 50,000 to 60,000
Obion County, Tenn 25, 000 to 40,000
Dyer County, Tenn 50, 000 to 75,000
Total. 150, 000 to 200, 000
«
Including Beelfoot Lake. t North of Forked Deer River.
2076 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
ARKAS UNDKR CULTIVATION.
Of the above the following in an approximate estimate of lands now being culti-
vated and the value^ the information being obtained from local anthorities.
Fulton Connty, Ky., r),000 acres, at $20 \ $100,000
LakeConnty, Tcnn., 10,000 acres, at $25 1^,000
No reliable information as to Obion and Dyer coanties could be had. The lands
, along Re<'l foot Lake and its outlet, called the scatters, are low lands and sparsely
'settled. It is hence safe to estinmte that they will not exceed, and probably not
reach, the quantities and values of lands al>ove estimated. Probably $600,000 would
be a most liberal estimate of the total- value of the cultivated lands in the entire re-
gion under consideration.
The wild lands are valued at from $2 to $5 per acre, the latter being for well-tim-
bered lands. Taking the average at $3 per acre and the quantity at 150,000, the total
value is $'J50,000, which, added to the value of improved landS; is a total of $1,060,000
for all lands to be l^enehted.
m
DEPTH OP OVERFLOW.
The surveys made by the railroad engineers show an average of 7.2 feet depth of
overflow, the mininmm being about 4 and the maximum about 11 feet, referred to
the high wati^r of 1883, the highest here known.
From the personal inspection I made I think it probable that better ground can be
found for a levee than on the line surveyed by the railroad engineers.
There are no deep sloughs or crossings to make, and in only a few places will the
overflow exceed 10 feet; and then only for a short distance in each^case.
QUANTITY OP OVERFLOW.
There is, no doubt, a large escape over the banks during extreme high water, dna
to the nearness of the river to Reelfoot Lake, the head of which is 6 or 7 miles from
the Hickman end, and not exceeding 2^ miles from the lower end. As no observa-
tions of discharge have been taken over this bank, I have estimated it by takius the
difl'erence between the maximum discharge at Columbus, Ky., above, and at New
Madrid, Mo., below, deducting therefrom the escape into 8t. Francis Basin.
Cabic fleet
peraeomid.
The discharge at Columbus, Ky ., high water of 1882, was 1, 660, 4S6
The net escape into St. Francis Basin between Columbus and New Madrid
in 1882 was 2,126
DiflVrcnce 1^658,371
No high-water discharge observations were made at New Madrid in 1882. I have
therefore used those of March 25 and April 10, 1890, and adding the increment to
bring the section u]) to the high-water stage of 1882 to have been 1,459^260 cubic
feet. Deducting this from the diftcrcnce above, gives about 200,000 cubic feet per
second as tlie a])i>roxinuite amount wliich escapes over the proposed levee location.
This is ]>rol>abjy not seriously in error.
KSTIMATK OF COST.
The profile made l)y tlui Mississi))])i, T(»nneHsee and Georgia Railroad Company
shows a total embankment of 1,620,000 cubic yards, for a levee of 14 feet crown,
slo)>cs 2 to 1 and 3 to 1, and a grade 3 feet above liighest known water.
Keducing the crown to 0 feet and making slopes 2^ to 1 and 3 to 1, with the same
elevation of grade line, will make the yardage 1,300,000, which, at 20 cents per cubic
yard, will make the cost $200,000. The estimat<'d clearing is about 235 acres, and
the price above is iutend<'(l to include this cost.
PUOHAllLE RKYKNTE FROM THE DlSnilCT.
In 1872 the State of Kentucky incorporated the Mississippi Kiver Levee Company, a
body ])olitic, to construct and maintain a levee from Hickman, Ky., south. The capital
stoi'k was not to exceed $1,000,000, and, with the consent of the'majority of the voters
in the district, they were to have power to tax all lauds protected $2 per acre and
town lots 20 per cent, of valuations for construction purposes. Not exceeding one-
APPENDIX X — ^REPORT OF CAPTAIN E0E8SLEE. 2077
fonrtli of this tax was to bo levied uiiy cue year. Tu maiutaiu tlio levee they are
empowered to lay a tax not exceeding 10 cents per year per acre and 1 per cent, on
valnation of town lots.
It being feared that this act had lapsed by non-usance an aniendiiieut reviewing
it was passed by the Kentucky legislature in 1890. I am infonued that the jieople
of the district are almost unanimons in favor of the taxation.
As no such law can be passed by the Tennessee legislature the revenue tlierc iiir.st
be raised by sabscription, all of which I believe have been in lauds.
The city of Hickman has voted $25,000 towards the levee; this act expires June 1,
1892, but it is claimed will be renewecl.
The available resources of the district are represented to be as follows:
Tax on 25;000 acres in Kentucky, at $2 $50,000
Subscription of 25^000 acres in Tennessee; at $2 50, 000
Subscription of ^lckmany Ky 25, 000
Total 125,000
The above was offered as a bonus to the Mis8issip]>i, Tennessee and Georgia Rail-
road if they would build the levee and occupy it as a railroad bed. It is now stated
that the railroad company has abandoned the project through their inability to raise
funds.
EFFECT UPON IMI'KOVING TllE lUVEK.
There is probably no portion of the river where so small an expenditure will con-
fine as large a volume of water in the channel in time of flood and maintain it there
for such a long distance, for the high ground immediately below confine^ it to below
Tiptonville, and the New Madrid prairies on the right 1)ank of the river prevent its
overflow into the St. Francis bottoms. Thus the building of 20 miles of levee will
practically hold the water during floods within the banks for a diBtan(;e of 50 miles,
and in this stretch of river there are a number of shoal places. As the volume re-
strained during maximum flood is 200,000 cubic feet and at mean flood about 70,000
cubic feet, I am of the opinion that the effect will be to keep the bars lower and im-
prove low-water navigation.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. M. Kees,
A89i8tant Engineer.
Capt. S. W. ROESSLEJR;
Carps of Engineers^ U, S, A,
APPENDIX Y.
REMOVING SNAGS AND WRECKS FROM MISSISSIPPI RIVER; IMPROVE-
MENT OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN OHIO AND ILLINOIS RIVERS,
OF HARBOR AT ST. LOUK, OF OSAGE AND GASCONADE RIVERS, MIS-
SOURI, AND OF KASKASKIA RIVER, ILLINOIS.
REPORT OF MAJOR A. J/. MILLER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER IN
CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE SO, 1S9I, WITH OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS,
IMPROVEMENTS.
1. Rcmoviuj^ snags and wrecks from tlio
Mississippi River.
2. Mississippi River, between the Ohio
and lUinoiB rivers.
3. Harbor at St. Louis^ Mo.
4. Gasconade River, Missouri.
5. Osage River, Missouri.
6. Kaskaskia River, Illinois.
United States Engineer Office,
St. Louis, Mo., July IG, 1891.
General : I have the honor to forward herewith annual reports for
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, for the works under my charge.
Very respectfoUy, your obedient servant,
A. M. Miller,
Major ^ Corps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U. 8. A.
Yi.
REMOVING SNAGS AND WRECKS FROM MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
The work for the fiscal year consisted in the removal of snags, logs,
and leaning trees between the mouth of the Missouri Eiver and Don-
aldsonville. La.
^ The river was divided into two districts, the first extending from the
inouth of the Missouri Eiver to Memphis, Tenn., and the second from
' Memphis, Tenn., to Donaldsonville, La. The snag boat H. O. Wright
was assigned to work in the first district, and the snag boat J. N". Ma-
comb to the second district.
2079
1
2082 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Table No. 1,— Detailed statement of expenditures made in connection vitk the work of
remorinff ohfttruvtlonH in Jdisnsaippi Bicer, etc,^— Continued.
Month or
iiuartt-r.
is9i>.
S*'l»t • C
1801.
St?con(l «i iia rt I • r . (;
To wliom paid.
.■•0
1
•>
ii
4 '
Ti ■
r> j
s
!»
10
11
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14
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ir>
17
IS
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I 40
- 41
4J
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4(>
47
4S
4y
:h)
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■ r.j
:..{
M
i *.♦»
I r.7
I r»s
■ r.ii
I g:{
(l('or;:t* Tr.uil) A- Co ...
Mati. Mitiiimhan <&* To
For what i»aid.
Amount.
Siil>Mi8t4*nn
...do
William Burr l>ry IUimmIs Co I ItcimirH
.1 aim'>* Smith . . . *. StTviivM
1 i in-«l im-ii I do
...do
. . .do
. . .dti
. . .ilo
. . do
do
do
do
.d«i
do
t^uiMiHt<'iioe
FlM'l
Sulisicit<'m'e
...do
C«ml
Siibi^irttcuco
...do
SiitMiKtciico. t'tr
Oiitttt
Sundry i>*»rsons
«!o
, . . -ilo
. . ..di»
PittHlmrn Ctwl Co
Fnuirls Whittaki-r & Sons
Klwrll A- Tat II m CommiHiiion Co
I>avid N ifhtilnnii
I.amnirrt Fnrnitiin* Co
l»r:ni<'h-Cr«M»kt's S;iw Co ; do
Simniim;* Han!wan» Vx> ■ Oiittit. eto
K. .\. llit^hnH'k.nHviviT j C«wl
(N»n.<*i*li(Litiil('o;ilCo.of St. Louin ' do
lUal t niT A- .Vthnii SupidirK
.Mlirrt 11. Howmau do
F. L. MrtiinncAH Paintinf; Co dt>
Thf W . A. rM»«sju*k LumiK'r Co '- LuuilH'r
Kwald ln»n <'" j Siiiii»lirH
.1. 1). I.awiiin , LninlM*r
W . ( ■. Tostal : C«»al
N.O. Nflsnn Manufactiirinie Co Out tit, etc
IIiisi'.v LiMiniis lee ]iud TransiMirtation j loc
To.
IN-atn.s.H. Camrron & Co Cim!
.1. H.Cottin \- Co : Outfit and Hupplies.
.\. Iv. Taylor A: Ci» ' Stationary
Tin- Olivrr-Finiiii" (IrwiT Co Suhsixtrncc
Ilinil men St'rx ir»'i»
.1.
I
do
do
do
do
do
...do
....do
. ..ll.»
... .lo
...do
.1 ;nin?* Smith do
( 'on-^itlidatt-il ( 'tml Co. «if St LouiD Ciuil
K. .V. llitrhrork.nrt'ivrr do
Cain) Citv Ci»al Co do
ritt»*luiiu Ci»al Co d«»
Matt. Moiia;:han A: Co Sub8iHtrm*e
tiu.st. IliMiholl do
Mlwfll A Tat urn Comuiisrtion Co d«>
Sundry ]hrson8 lio ,
Matt. Mona;;lian A: (^> do
.MiMuiihi."* Machinr i'o Supplies
.\. r>ii.«*«h»it A- Co li«-
Fiiliiin ln»ii Works Ca-tinjjK. etc
»;.rraiiliA ('<• Sulir.ii*tt'iu"v ,
IMtt^hurii CimI Co <*«»jd
•laUM-H .\. Tapjtau - <lo ,
.\.l.«aA Co do
Siindr\ ]H rsiniM SulisinU-nc*'
i|o Fu«*l
Parkrr. Kiili-r. Nichollft Statijinery Co .. Stationery
MiMhirt l';il«iit IMilley Co .* SuppIlt'H* ,
Frainis Wliiilaki-r and Sons SuimiHtenco
Ward A- llrady , t hitlit and nupiiliefi
IN'.rtros"*. fauienm .k Co ' Ci»al
Fiiltini Iron W»>rk8 (*astin);]«
.1. .V. Fa> A: Co Su]iplit>r( ,
I*»Mnl Kiiuiniriini; Co ilo
IJiamh (rooki >* Sjiw Co Outfit
.1. K« nnani A Sons Carpet Co ilo
M. M. r.uik A- Co »..' do ,
l»:ij KiihlMrC*. ' do ,
. Franoits Whittuker & Sons ! Subsiatenee. •••••..
...1
fUO.53
i:ki.m
9.50
:m.uo
7:>:i.oo
l.tM.UU
].TrA).:t»
341. :«
40.67
21.00
rjo.23
700.00
194. 42
27.97
714.01
13. Iff
28. HO
8.10
27«.2:i
70.00
.00
20. M
24. !»
05.80
28.17
.\ 70
42.00
847. 25
02.20
lin'.OS
106.25
11.35
4:14. 72
If0:i.00
I,7:t8.e8
385.00
l,IKt0.33
300.17
87.83
55. 00
98.00
i:t8.13
161.00
2A5.00
i:{9.83
266.80
16.81
141. 16
174.90
7. 50
2:1. 32
61.07
51.36
420.00
300.00
06.00
109.91
21.00
18.00
51.85
i:{4.03
266.02
202.65
243.50
15.00
114.40
12.00
35.
2.11
U.
7«.
APPENDIX T — BEPOBT OF HAJOB MILLEE.
2081
4, tron Mountain ud SoatiiBrT^
hlOo...
Chamu J. Ci
DuvMNioho
FmnGlaWbltbtkK&Bau
Henry A. Kciettksr
Onsl. BiMhoff
??."J3\M~':':;:"::::::::::::::
PetBTton * HomM
Geo. A, Bolxdniann HarfwaraCo
The VMtarn iSnua Miumfaotaring C
N. O. Nelioa MsDilfiictoiing Co
Cii!ni aty Coal Co
Ilionndbetgor * Friunt
EmddlfonCo
Westam Coal and Tow Co
BiutoQ & Sklniusr StdUoOBry Co..
Ttaejr, A. BoDuDk Lnmber Co - - - -
I'lttaborgCoidCD
Man. Manag'-— "-■
Cairo City O
Jaaiea Smith
Einnliucn...
uj&Ca--
IdllniBd tick
Outfllauilsnppliea.
!":do"ii;!;;;!;"ii
(SupnUu
SspHiriog famitCfi , .
CuDBalldiiivd Coal Co. of SL Loala. . ,
KwaldlronCo
aeK'«!g'£S"ci:::::::::
SlmnioDS nnrdwsrs Oo
A.C.DnjilBTy
K. O. N'elsnD Manufantiirliig Co
Henry A. KootLker
.T.S. Mprrpll Drug Co
"■" '—'-iringCo....
AnmicuDSilliUaiiara
EtwoU ftTatiim Coi
ttS',^.^ss
' ThonuM J. CoDDUT
ItaTijI Nicholion
; Suiidrviieraaiis
MAttTMuiiagiiui & Co..._.^..
W»hl*Briil,v
I'aj^rr::;:::::.:::
Tlie W. A. BoDWiffk luin)>cr (,'i
Jwnwi BwHcnej
MrKlnluy * Co
C.iDraKdatedCoalCo. or St L<»
PemlniW, Camflnio &Co
' lair & UBfter
Cairo Citj Coal Co.. .
.ramu A.T^pno....
■131
S7S.55
74. SK)
REPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF EN0INEEB8, U. 8. ABUT.
Mmlhnr
1
W
To whom piJd.
Forwh.tprid.
AlDOIIIlt.
im.
c
c
SI
1
ST
iiO
liO
3
4
•110.5]
1M.M
'
Mnll^imadwii&Co
...•to
Ilin"™™''
l.tHI.M
S«omliiiu.rUr.
F™Vl"Tvh'lMiiliet&'Sc'iii»'""--'-"--
7W.M
Winini.."- FlanLwnre Cu
K.A.lIililinuli.rwi'iv.T .
(■"U..iliiliiHiH-™lfiJ.ofSl ! ....
AlLrl'k'lt.'.wmnn'-' ,'-.'-..
■ ■■m''.....- ;:::::;:::
^ui.i,lH'a'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.''.'.'."
LlluilHT
Miss
iimiH,i.|<-
•iio
W'iZf^ro
i.,..1ti.ndmppU^
loaa
■1
"imln""
imS
a) .....1"
as m". : 1.
'"Sin
5S.ni
lw«
,/:■,".■■■■■■■■■■■■■-'
m.it
174. »
sr:ti;i.;i:=:::::::::::
Sl.N
fto
iintJith'Bci,'.'.'.'.'.'."'.','.'.
IH-'»;1^-
lM.it
fti M' ■ ' . ■ ■ ■ ■ <-.. .'.
5La
62
...|tjltWKl™ppltai....
30.9*
15. ••
114. N
1
APPENDIX Y — BEPOBT OF MAJOE MILLER.
KlmWIroiiCn
The W, A. nmjmrlt Lumlwr Co
I r>«vld Nlrhiilmn
I CimaollilntalCniilCu.ofSLLnDi*...
I 'iSv^i^ralran (joiiiJiiiMiMi W. '.
■ CuiroClljL'nHlCo
, K.4.HitHii">rh,™rr.|VBr
< K.O.Ni>lH»n MtnnruetuHng Co....
Piipe i Tiillmpi -
Malt MciTUEhAn & Vn
I I'ilWbuntfiiiiiro--
! J«H, A.Tnpiiiin
J. H.OiiBiitCo
. tniarl™ Mill™
J.tMn-!w
' ^fi^nloni Cml ami Tnw Co . .
Mult. HunaKliiin £ Co. — ,...
I I WkIiiittc Cml Co
I Poml BnjiiDecrliis Ui>
\m JiiBiFii Jackmi
JniFR Smitit
: Ward&BnilT
' ' irLlinfHaru..
Elvrll A Tatnni '
(;.Tnn1i
, Jm.
[Co..
A . M riSm
lUer...
Mai. A
J.K.C _ _
The (Hlii>r.nnDl« I imcrr I
Hitt Honuhan & Cn
Illlalnim c:<ul Co
I^)Mnl■M, CamnvD to Cu. ■ .
— il. Uoini!7 & Co
1 j J.F.Irriae.
: I J<diD F. Irvinn A Son.
. PlttabnrsCuelCa....
' J. Kmiuvd dt SouH Cirifot Co .
arkLiiiulHiTCa..
SSSJ;:
Ullpiiild
OatRt hhI aupplica . .
a""
.iMarlilnrry.Bli'..
< Buitiin&SklnnrrSUtlnue.. .
Sunclrv penHina .- KiibiiiHt^'lii^...
JniDi»!&nith ' Servkis)
RKI'ORT OF THE CHIKK OV KSOINKKRS, V. S. ARMY.
Si., ^.— l>.■l<lil>t^ Klul,-m>Ht uf rxiH-iidilHn- mailr in (V.iib.tHob tr»* tir irork nf
«H Kiiiirvrl.' Itnw.UHnufarl
«7 A, A. All". A- Ci
iw M.M.IIii.'l. &I-U
Urmlrine
!<lltni!illru
11. S
ICM
I 0.-. USmriiu-B S.r*i.tTi ! M.M
i T"l»l onmniit .■iiK'ii.Uil I >2.*Ta*T
ill. '2. — IMiiilnl tliilimfHl of txprn^ilnrtu tMttlr im cuHNri'fiON trili tkt rrvrt «f
nil t'lmlrHrtioHs tM MinifKijipi Rirer. an rrquinil hg wrfJuN 7 «/ (Ac rim- «ttrf t(tr-
t!>oa.2Sj fltLSK •LIMLIW
Sa|i|ili.-»
u'lw-rlliiiiniiVi
ailiins,-.(.i.naj:
(Tiw
VnA.'.V.'.V".
SuIwIhIi-ihc ■
i.iiu,n3
1. 1».K :
itIjj
tt|i>.PO, ].iMI.»T
MK.S i.niK.Ta
S.-Ji :t.oa
SH. I-.', li(3.3S
Sot.
•1H.IW
DfT.
.wiia
(n4.n
IT&tS
«1.1S
is
.as
iiT.in KHI.3U I te>-.ti\ (e3.«
!IX.3I l.(l!t,M l.lKiG. lltS.lB|
«.IS I MB.1! «.3U '
M.M , Mi.ie sa.u 15.1)0;
LIS 28.1S ii.^'-s; '-
Fell. I Uhi
ltr.-.,*f,-
'j}l'."w.," '""'■ ""
WAM
15.tll».«7
IO.tW2.74
3,«1.«
i>,3W.n
1S91
Unr.
i:a.i.7
•juvno
...
taxt.!-
i.iiM).n
1:3.00
414] M
T„U1^
MO.W
■WVIW
tlSt.lf
l.tiSK.10
712. ai
a.Dw.ai
«.iia.ai
a,T7i.3j
' 'i.'sii.'w"
TW.:!!
!S.M 1,039L«7
**■" siioiw
«eti.« e.M«.i)
XI.1T MO.S
MAl.tO Z.t9S.«
B,i:(7.m ,2,aMLM I i.M^M ; ft^«?liflT
APPEKDIX T — REPORT OV MAJOR MILI.ER.
Wniaghtlroa lUngeCD...
I J.H.CofBnft C&I
Boberl Wuhlnnon
I Chulcalf. Butler
N. O. NsImib UvinliicMrSiig Co ■ ■ .
ThonuB J. CoDnor -
Sankhi i. Frllscb F. Jk U. Co . . . .
Ewald Iron Co
'WntushC Iron Bange Co
Ihe W. A. Bousack Liuubur Co . .
Hired men
s«L'iffiiiB
nYorkStonCo
, _. W.MnW
Wmtain jBiTBtt
: St. Lotiii, Iron Moontnin and Sonihe
Owen JackBon
ConHolldBlvd Coal Co. of SI- Loula. . .
Poleraon ft Hurntu
UlBsunri Tent and Awning Co
Gnsl. Blachoir. .'
Jobn Gorman &Brn...
Frani'ls Whiltaker A Sane -..
MelilPT Drag Co
WanlilJ™lv , ^ii|i
S.O.Nrl.onUiiiiufiu:lurlBB(;o ...il
KwaldlronCo litpo
Jamea Sweeney* Sod...- i Cnv
"rooeht Iron Range Cu Ituii
il.iM.MlUer I Mili
uo City Coal (;» Cml
tUbUM Coal Co - .i
PBatniM.Cann,n.n ACo L.-.d
Mott. Uonagfaan A Co ; Mnf.
Himd meo I Siti
■ •''• -i
' Conaallilolul C<uil Co. c.f HI
Petcraon A Huii.
K<ln'iinl Wlllio.
otiDghui
t'.l'"'. ^&
tnelneerjne (
•IIFiimltare
. SMtvk-cs
l^Lmtrtc-llRlit jilont..
: SSS-''r^::::::
do
. Onlfitauaaapiilie*..
<lo
. Snpplle* —
2088 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
The appi*oved projeit tor the exiK.*iHliture of this amount
platod ^vork as follows:
For Alton H;irlH>r ^by law^ 16
For Sto. Gt*iu*vit*ve i^by law"^ S
Repair an«l piin-base of plant 4
C'ontin^onrios and repair of old work 1
Rush Tower, or new project 24
40
ALTON.
Tlio work at Alton consists of the extension of the present 8uhme
able stone dike for a distance of 2,8(H) feet. The object of the wot
to prevent the formation of a bar in fi-ont of the landing at Altoi
directing the tlow of water at lovr stages along the river front at 1
place. A contract was entered into tor this work with Mr. H
Brown, of Quim\v, IlL. under date of January 28, 1891. •Owing to
lateness of the season and the danger of interference with the wori
running ice, no work could be undertaken here during the fall or win
and up to the 30th of June the stage of water has been too higl
begin wtu^k; the contractor is prepai'ed to go to work as soon as
stage of watei* will permit. The amount exi)ended was $51.22.
BUSH TOWEB.
Work was begun at the head of this section of the river aboit J
15, and is still in progress. Owing to the extreme depth of wat^rfoi
near the shoiv at the prevailing high stage, but little work could be
complished in the way of hurdles. Two hurdles, Xos. 4 and 5, wen
catcd and partially bnilt, and (KH) feet of bank protection was place
lH)sition. Work will be continued here as long as the season will
mit.
The river heiv at high water has shown a tendency to make a cr
ing higher up than the channel of last year, and if this channel pen
at low water a slight nuHlitication of the project here may be nc
sary.
The pi-otortion of the bank where work has been oommenoed,
l>oin! aUout I mile below Calico Island, is necessary, as it has in
]>hu'c raved so far as to be within 50 feet of the base of the 1
which i>n>t*Hts the Inittom lands fix>m overflow. The amount expei
was >*;?.OLMi.iXi.
ST. GENEVIEVE.
. The work at this iH>int consisted in the construction of a sen*
Inmlltv^ on the Illinois side of the river in order to prevent the cha
\i\\\ hxix Kittle l\ock. the landing for the town of St< Genevieve, and
to t'onirart the river to a width of 2,5iH) feet.
W oik was begun heiv on May 22, and continued up to the cloi
t hr \\>i\\\ \ i\\\\ A system of four hurdles was projected, but on ai
aininaiioii ot' tlie hnality at the commencement of woi*k it was fi
tliat ilio bar at the t\>ot of Turkey Island had worked downstreai
la- as to renilt»r the eonstrnetion of the upper hurdle nnnecesi
Thn e liiniMes, Nos. i\ :». and 4. were constructed and practically
ph'ti'il: tlieir leiuvih^ are, resiHxmvely, 1,500, 1,250, and 900
Anhuint i*\pen«b»d was J*lKS>(Krv).
APPENDIX Y — REPORT OF MAJOR MILLER. 2087
Y 2.
IMPROVEMENT OF MLSSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN OHIO AND ILLINOIS
RIVERS.
PROJECT.
The object* of the iniprovemeut is to obtain a minimum depth at low
water of 6 feet from the mouth of the Illinois Kiver to St. Louis, a dis-
tance of 41 miles, and 8 feet from St. Louis t^ the mouth of the Ohio
River, a distance of 191 miles, tlie natural depth at low water being in
lliany cases from 3 J to 4 feet. The initial point of the work for the lower
XK)rlion is St. Louis, the programme being to make the work continu-
ous, working downstream from that city. Work at detached points has
also been carried on under allotments specially nmde by law for the
improvement of landings and the proUx'tion of local interests.
The plan of general improvement contemplates a reduction of the
river to an approximate width of 2,500 feet below St. Louis, the natural
width being in many cases from 1 to li miles, and the protection of the
alluvial banks from erosion. The methods employed are to build up
new banks with the solid matter caught from the river itself by means
of hurdles and revetment of the banks, both new and old, when neces-
sary'.
ORGANIZATION.
The organization of the engineering staff during the season was as
follows :
A supervivsing engineer was assigned to the general supervision of all
the works and of the supply depot. His office was in St. Louis and his
duties were to advise and direct the resident engineers and to have
especial charge of the supply of brush, stone, and piles, and of the tow-
boat and barges engaged on the work.
The resident engineer was provided with quarters and an office at the
work. His duties were to have immediate direction of the work of con-
struction; to make such surveys and observations as might be required
to keep the progress map, upon which all work was to be located, as fast
as constructed; to keep the journal and other records of the work; to
prepare payrolls; to render quarterly property returns, semi-annual
and annual reports to the othcer in charge, forwarding them through
the superintending engineer.
The superintending engineer was Mr. D. M. Currie. Resident^ engi-
neers: At Ste. Genevieve, Mr. William S.Mitchell; at Rush Tower, and
for the procurement of brush, Mr. C. D. Lamb.
Work accomplished.
Owing to the lateness of the passage of the river and harbor bill,
September 19, 1890, no work of construction was attempted during the
fall, but contra<!!ts were entered into for the supply of material and the
building of 13 model barges and extensive repairs to plant.
The amount appropriated by the river and harbor bill of 1890 was
$400,000. Of this amount $50,000 was to be expended in the comple-
tion of the work at Alton and $50,000 for imx)roving the river at St.
Genevieve, in the State of Missouri.
1
2088 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S, ARMY.
The a]>proved i)rojec't for the exi>en<Iitiire of this amount contei
plated work as follows:
For Alton Harbor (bylaw) $50^6
For Ste. Genevieve (by law) 50,6
Repair and purchase of plant 40^0
Contingencies and repair of old work lo,0
Rush Tower, or new project 245,0
400,0
ALTON.
The work at Alton consists of the extension of the present submerg*
able stone dike for a distance of 2,800 feet. The object of the work
to prevent the formation of a bar in front of the landing at Alton h
directing the flow of water at low st^iges along the river front at tht
pla<je. A contract was entered into for this work with Mr. H. i
Brown, of Quiitcy, EL, under date of January 28, 1891. -Owing to tt
lateness of the season and the danger of interference with the work b
running ice, no work could be undertaken here during the fall or winte
and up to the 30th of June the stage of water has been too high i
begin work ; the contractor is prepared to go to work as soon as tli
stage of water will permit. The amount expended was $51.22.
RUSH TOWER.
Work was begun at the head of this section of the river about Jnn
15, and is still in progress. Owing to the extreme depth of water foun
near tlie shore at the prevailing high stage, but little work could l>e a4
complished in the way of hurdles. Two hurdles, Nos. 4 and 5, were h
cated and partially built, and 600 feet of bank protection was jJaced i
X>osition. Work will be continued here as long as the season will i)e
mit.
The river here at high water has shown a tendency to make a cros
ing higher up thim the channel of last year, and if this channel persisi
at low water a slight modification of the project here may be nece
sary.
Tlie protection of the bank where work has been commenced, at
point about 1 mile below Calico Island, is necessary, as it has in oi
place caved so far as to be within 50 feet of the base of the lev<
which protects the bottom lands from overflow. The amount expendc
was *a,92().0r).
ST. GENEVIEVE.
. The work at this point consisted in the construction of a series
hurdles on the Illinois side of the river in order to prevent the chann
leaviiig Little lioek, the landing for the town of St. Genevieve, and al
to contract tlie river to a width of 2,500 feet.
Work was begun here on May 22, and continued up to the close
the tiscal year. A system of four hurdles was projected, but on an e
anniiation «>f the locality at the commencement of woi*k it was fom
that the bar at the foot of Turkey Island had worked downstream
far as to render the construction of the upper hurdle unnecessax
ThnH' hurdles, Nos. 2, o, and 4, were constructed and practically coi
pleted: their lengths are, respectively, 1,500, 1,250, and 900 fe4
Amount expended was $9,830.55.
MISSISSIPPI r:
FROM
TURKEY ISLAND to STE
Showing works of impn
Sars are sho*rn «* Otey appear July 1891. at ,ri
Bars as ^ey apfaeared in ^ugrJS6S. af ^fape €.40ff. abo
■scAte.
'tooo S»0 0 1 S 3 ■* i
1
2000 KKP(>RT OF TIIK nilEF OP ENOINEERS, II. 8. ARMT.
GAUGES.
Tht^ <rau^es at Griiftou and Gray's Point were read daily during the
yoar. The readings are appended, marked A.
CONDITION OF THE BIVEB.
The channel depths, as furnished by the Mississippi and Ohio Biven
lMh)ts' Association, for the year are appended, marked B. Afiill list of
soundings eouUl not be obtained, as the pilots' reports wei'e not all pre-
s<»rve<l.
The* river was open all winter and navigation was not interrupted by
iee. This is the third successive winter with navigation uninterrupted.
The stage of water was lowest in ])eceml>er, January, and Februarj-,
when it fi^ll below standard low water; the highest stage was in June,
when it reached a height of 19 ftM»t above low water. The uavigatiou
of tlie river has beiMi in a very good condition. The least depth met with
in the ])ortionof the river under improvement, a stretch of i^io miles from
8t. Louis, was 5 feet, found at Twin Hollows; this place soon deepened
and a good eliannel of abcmt 7 feet was maintained.
The locality. Twin IIoHows, has been aditticultone for l>oats always;
the works built here, however, for inqn'oving the channel have had a
marked elfect and the channel should be good and well deftned this
season. At liUcas', d(»pths of G and Gijfeet were found in December, but
soon scoured out to 7 and S feet. About the shoalest place in the river
last season was at Perry's Towhead: this locality will be impixived with
tlie funds now aviulable.
ESTIMATE.
The amount that can be profitably expended during the year ending
June 30, ISlKS, is A1,(KK),(K)0. It is i>roposed to exi)end this sum in car-
rying out the programme heretofore adopted — ^that is, to carry on the
work of imin'oviMiuMit continuously from St. T^uis downsti'eam, re-
<-laimiug land by buildiug up new banks, thus nnlucing the river to an
approximate width of L\.><M) feet, alluvial banks to be protected from
erosion. It is ])roposed to obtain by this means a channel of at leasts
fec»t at low water. The de])th now is liable to l)ecomc as small as 4 feet,
or even less in some i>laces, and less at every lo<*ality where the width
is more than 2,r)<M) feet.
This general statement of the proi>osed a])idication of the a])pi'opria-
tion is as si>cn'ilic as the nature of the case admits. The changeable
<*hara<'ter of the river renders it impracticable to give in advance the
exaet locality where works will be required.
The original I'stiiiiati'd cost ot' this work, as rcvisod in 1883, wns $16,997,100; the
aj;^iv;;att' aiiiouiit a]>pr()iiriate(l to Juno I'M), ISSU. is ^.529,600: the amonut expended
AllSTKAt'T OF AITROPIUATIOXS MA1»E FOR TUIS WORK.
By att <»f— ' \\\ art (jf—
.hinr 10, 1S7l> $ll>r>,(HH) * .]un»» II. 1880 $32a0C0
Mar<h3, 1S73 1>(K).(HH) March :*, ISSl tiSO^NX)
Junc2;{, 1S71 lMM).(KH) Aui;nst 2. 1S82 000.000
Mar<h X IS?.'. L'(m>,(kh) .lulv .">. 18HI ;'V20.000
Auj,Mi.Kt II. isn; L^JI».»H»0 AJi;inst.">. lS8<i STTnOOO
June IS. 1S78 LM(».Un) Au^rust 11, 1888 .SOQ,000
Manh 3. lS7i> L'<K).IHK) .S'i»tcnil>cr 19, 181K) 400,000
APPENDIX Y — REPORT OP MAJOR MILLER.
2091
Money Htatvmvnt,
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended
Amount appropriated by act approved Sc^ptcmbcr 19, 1890.
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year.
$97, 177. 71
400,000.00
497, 177. 71
96,811.87
Julv 1, 1891, balance unexpended 400, 365. 84
JiUy 1, 1891 , outstandinfj liabilities .^20, 720. 86
July 1, 1891, amount covered bv uncompleted contracts. .. 114,727.18
1:^5,448.04
July 1, 1891, balance available
264, 917. 80
Amount (e8timated)required for coniidction of cxistin*? project 12, 467, 500. 00
Amount that can be profitaldv cxi)endcd in fiscal vear ending .June
30,1893 * 1,000,000.00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river
^ and barl)or acts of 1866 and 1867.
Abstract of proposals received for furnishing lumher, opened Octobers, lS90y by Maj, A,
M, Miller, Corps of Engineers, St. Louis, Mo., under notice of 10 days, by circular
letter dated September S3, 189().
[ Addreases of bidders : St. Louis, Mo.]
Kind.
Quantities.
F. Duff.
St. Louis
Kofrigc-
rator and
"WoiMhm
(luttor
Couipimy.
John J.
Gannhl
Lunib<'r
Company.
Eau Claire-
St. Louis
Lumber
Company.
W. A.
Bousack.
Knapp, .
Stout &
Co.
Company.
AVLItconk
IHeeeg.
476
40
202
3
260
90
915
104
30
46
46
60
20
20
60
40
70
20
34
20
20
20
500
**'i66'
11
8
181
30
340
Feet.
26, 272
' 2, 317
6,775
240
10, 920
600
47, 738
' 8. 493
3,600
5, 520
' 2,415
1,440
6,720
4,320
7.200
5, 760
560
600
. 776
320
467
400
15,000
7,000
1.000
28,000
17. 500
16,800
12,000
112,000
2, (KM)
5,500
1,000
6,667
1,013
512
3,877
4, 320
6,987
rerM.
$*23. 00
*24. 00
*25. 00
, *20. 00
*28.00
*28. 00
*29.00
*34.00
*34.00
*30. .50
*28.50
*20. 5J
*32. 50
*31. 50
*25. 00
*20. 00
1 51.00
*51.00
*51.00
51.00
Per M.
$34. 00
:i4.00
34,00
44.00
44.00
44.00
44.00
34. 00
44.00
30.00
'M. 00
25. 00
36.00
36.00
29.00
36.00
*30. 00
55.00
55. 00
55.00
*00. 00
26.00
25.00
17.50
21.00
16.00
25.00
37.50
37.50
t37.50
3S. 00
30.00
29.00
40.00
40.00
30.00
22.50
40.00
*15.00
PerM.
PerM.
PerM.
$.35.00
35.00
35.00
35.00
45>00
50.00
4.5. 00
35.00
45.00
40.00
40.00
35.00
45.00
45.00
40.00
45.00
Per M.
1
1
"Wliil<^pine
35. 00
35. 00
30. 00
40. 00
37.50
32.50
37.50
37.50
55.00
52. 50
52. 50
65.00
22.50
*17.50
16.00
18.00
15.00
25.00
36. 00
35.00
42.00
35.00
19.00
18. 50
*37. 50
30. 0'J
25, 00
2.'>. 00
30.00
16.00
•
45.00
52.50
*50.00
*22.00
22,50
18.00
21.00
15.50
24.00
40.00
40.00
*40. 00
29.00
21.00
21.00
25.00
18.50
*14.50
*16. 50
*14. 50
*18.00
37.50
45.00
45.00
45.00
«$30.00
*30,00
*17.50
*19. 00
*17.50
37.50
25.00
22.50
40.00
Yellow pine
*28.50
23.50
21.50
*27.50
19.00
35.00
*22. 50
■^20. 00
35.00
16.00
♦Awarded. Formiil written contract entered into with F. Duff only; remainder purchased " under
public notice' of JO days."
t Did nut comply fully with speeiflcationa ; the next lowest bid was therefore accepUA.
, 2092 REPOET OF THE CHIEF (IF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
JbilracI of pTopomU reivii-ril. in ri'iifxnun- tn adrfrliiment dtiird Korembtr SO, lSO0,/«r
furKiMng piUg, glonr, manila and »i$al rape, vire, maih, ipikeg, and ttrew holla, opentd
December 20, 1S90, bg Jliy. A. U. Miller, Corp* of Bngineert, St. LoMit, Mo.
t. 11 11 il
m\i
ill!
I' |i 4 \i
Si
CIM. cu. cu. en.
Mn. Liiaibir ami UHillie
'■ibii V. Mvi
ri>I.U>>.l.-
.. unit Jjuiin T. ilr-
a\■.^^'bpatlmi. 111 —
y K. Coffin. Urin|>hl«.
ranml Uiuitiy fn., St.
IjuiiilMk.:
FDpiilil Mi-lhiuly. SI,
Si H
^••TanWiUmdS
I.imiN. 111. ..
An<'h<ir I.lni- Stiire, »t
I^mfi. M<t
1I«.I
Brrtholil &- JvuuIiiEi
Liiui«.Mii.l
Jubn ( 'IvHrr.
at.
•? 3 ;'!
1,11. 1.. F<>x4:l.'a..St.lAiui*.!
1.^1. ISllKlilIiifiiniiiiU(iii>ii
limimwilH. : Qnnrry at Gnnon, in.
.IHIID. Mu.
aiKHisital bUdor^ iii.-ept U. M. Bock & O
APPENDIX Y — ^BEPOBT OF MAJOR MILLEB.
2093
dbstract of proposals received in response to advertisement dated Novemher SO, 1890, for
constructing an extension to dam at Alton, III., opened December 20, 1890, by Maj, A, if.
Miller, Corps of Engineers, 8t, Louis, Mo.
* Contract awarded.
Name and address of bidder.
Piles, 80 sticks, 3,200
feet.
Bmah, 83,000
cubic yards.
Stone, 16,500
cubic yards.
_rt
Ko.
Price driven
to 14 feet
depths, per
foot
•
o
Pa
$0.35
0.05
0.05
i
1
P4
•
1
o
a
i
1
$1.40
1.80
1.00
•
•
1
e
1
Amount of eacl
iwsal.
1
James Short and John Gray, St.
Charles, Mo
$0.28
0.20
0.10
$896
610
230
$0.50
0.65
0.65
$16,500
21,450
21,450
$23,100
21,450
16,500
$40, 4M
43,540
88,270
2
a
A. J. VVhitnpy, Rook Island, 111. . .
H. S. Brown, Quincy. 111.*
Abstract of proposals received in response to advertisement dated January 24, 1891, for
building and delivering at Bushbergy Mo., thirteen model barges, opened February 24,
1891, by Maj. A. M. Miller, Corps of Engineers, St. Louis, Mo.
No.
1
o
3
4
5
Name and address of bidder.
Sanfonl S. Holbrook, Cincinnati, Ohio *
Sainnel W. Coflin, Cincinnati, Ohio t
St. Louis Secitioiial Dock Company, St. Louis, Mo
James Hill, Madisou, Ind
J. J.Hammer & Son, St. Ixiuis, Mo
Komber
proposed
toftumish.
6
13
4
13
6
Price
each.
$3,750
3,795
4,600
4,160
4,880
• Contract awarded for 6.
t Contract awarded fbr 7.
REPORT OP MR. D. M. CURRIE, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
St. Louis, Mo., June SO, 1891.
Ma.jor: I liave the honor to submit tho following report upon works for the im-
provement of Mississippi Kivcr, between the Illinois and Ohio rivers, including as
part of it the reports of assistants in local charge, for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1891.
itusu tuwkr.
•
Work wjis begun at this locality about the middle of June, but on account of the
excessive depths of water found near shore at the prevailing high stages of the river,
but little progress had been ma<le at the close of the fiscal year. Two iiurdles, located
as shown on the accompanying sketch, were started, and about 600 linear feet of mat-
tress was placed in the protection of their shore ends, and a few piles were driven fol-
lowed by the usual foundation mattress in each of the hurdles.
Reference is made to the report of Mr. C. D. Lamb for further details.
8TE. GENEVIEVE.
This work embraced a series of hurdles below the foot of Turkey Island, located
as shown on the accompanying tracing.
The bar below Turkey Island had extended down so far that Hurdle No. 1 of the
project could not be built, when work was commenced in May, with the river at the
stage of 14 feet above low water. Nos. 2, 3, and 4 were started in the order named
and at the close of the year Nos. 2 and 3 were nearly finished and work was well ad-
vanced on No. 4.
Reference is made to the accompanying report of Mr. W. S. Mitohell for further
details.
2094 REPOKT OF THE CHIBF OF ENQINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
rnocuKixG matekial.
Hrnsli >v:is pnMMirod Ity liiroil labor, the drtails of which nro shown in th6 •ceom-
panvin^ ivport of Mr. V. O. I.anib, suiHn-hit«MuU*nt in local charge.
I'ilcs wcn» prorurcd l»y contract drliYcrcd at the work.
Stone for riprap was procured by rontract delivered (.»«(tovi*niinciit barges at Graf-
ton. III.
Hidts, nails. ro]M>. spikes, wire, and other niiscellaneons material wiTo procnred by
ctuitract wlM'n the quantities re<|uired were large, and by purchase when small, de-
livered at tiie supply depot in this city.
The towboat, ])ile <lrivcrs. bar«j:es. and other plant used in comioct ion with the
work are public property. The repairs and additions to it will be summarized under
the head ot' plant.
PLAXT.
The barjre>. jMb'-drivers, and n«'arly all the M\wv ]dant receivwl extensive repairs
in wbii h 1J> barir»'s and l."> pile-<lrivers Wi-re taken out on the ways at Mound City,
111., and r«*paire<l brlow li«;ht-water lin«'. The other repairs and renewals nee<led
to restore the etUcimi-y of the ]dant were uiaile by hired labor and purchase of ma-
terial. tln' details of which are shown in the aeroni]»anyins; rcp«»rt of Mr. S. S. Van
Norinan. suprrintcndeiit of su]>jdies.
At the close of the year V^ model bar^res were uiuler process of eonstnietion by
contract.
Very respectfully, y«»ur (d»edient servant,
D. M. CrRRiE,
JwutaHt EmgimteTm
Maj. A. M. Mii-i KK.
i'orpit itf t^in/hmry, i'. .S. A.
liliroKT OF Mli. C. 1>. LAMll. SrrEKIXTKXOEXT.
St. Lot is. Mo., Jiiae SO, 1S91,
Major: I have the honor to submit the following report of operations at Rush
Tower durinvr the liscal year euiliiiir .lune 'M^, ISIU :
The work to be done at ]\u>h Tnwir inrludes the prot<'ctiou of the hank oppoaite
"Kenneti's" to prevc-nt an.\ further iucreasr in the width of the chute east of the
towhead and the brifinnini; of hurdler, whieli form a part of the general project for
improving this ]Kirt «»f the river.
The construction of a shore mattress was brgun cm the 17th of June and at the
close of the month (iTiO liuiar fert had bei'u built and Tu7^ linear fiM't placed. 75 linear
feet bring <"arrietl away by the strouircurn-nt uhile ]»artly sunk. This mattress was
S<> tcet wide. w«»\»-n on way Mat. and ]»la<Td in three sectituis. It coveriMl the bank
fn»m a ItVfoot sta^xe out to where the slope of the bank was very slight and has pre-
vented all I'xri'pt a little surface seonr.
'I'he dritt n»w of lliirille \o. I. located 7.~» feit Iwlow the head of the shore mattress,
was extended to a di^tanrc of UH) fi-ct fr«»in shore, where the water was so deep that
the ]nb's on haiiil etuibl n«»t hv n^ed for tlie I'xtension. A secoiul hunlle was began
,lnne '21, JMm> fi-rt bt«lo\v No. 1. .iiid at the cbise i»f the year the drift row had been ex-
tended ti» a bnjith of liKi iW}.
The folhiw ing table slu»\v«i thr amount of work ilone during the year, while its
location i> >hn\vn on the traelng arcompanying the monthly report for June, 1891:
l*il» - ilri\i n
lilMi « «< i»l.'.« « <1
SiriiivTi !"•' I'l.n 111 .
SlinTf iiMtt?-. «.^ )>--:i]: :
1. ill.'. IV ri ; r
>i|'.l.lTi ?■ • I
^^ll>•I■• II!. .'Ml ^^ J.'..;- ■ I
l.iif .11 i> I : .
Sjii.ri |i t t
Hurdle
19
11
3
Hnrdto
No. 2.
Total.
M
SS
7
15
11
4
I 93,000
I 575
I 48,000
V«-i\ i»-^pi'it !iil]\ . \ «iiii- ••l.iilirii! "'.i-rv ant,
M:ii. v. M. Miiu w.
C. 1>. Lamb,
APPENDIX Y — ^REPORT OF MAJOR MILLER. 2095
RBPORT OF MR. W. 8. MITCHELL, 8UPKRINTENDEXT.
St. Louis, Mo., June SO, 1S9U
Major: I have the honor to Bubmit the following report on the progress of the
workfor improving the Mississippi River at Ste. Genevieve, Mo., during tlie fiscal
year ending June §d, 1891 :
The project for this improvement of the river embraced a series of hurdles extend-
ing downstream from Turkey Island, and of such length as to reduce the width of
the river to 2,500 feet next the Missouri shore. The upper hurdle was to be placed
across the bar at the foot of the island, and the others were to follow at intervals of
about 1,300 feet.
When work was begun. May 22, the stage of water, which was about 14 feet on
the St. Louis gauge, did not admit driving piles on the upper line. Hurdle Xo. 1,
within 750 feet from shore, and the bars extended so far below this line tliat
Hurdle No. 2 seemed the upstream limit for the work, and here, also, a dry bar about
300 feet wide crossed the line 200 ft^et from shore, leaving a gap in the hurdle to be
closed at higher water.
Pile-driving and mattress work were begun on both sides of this bar and were
completed June 9. A rise of 7 fec^t in the o days preceding this date enabled tlie
drivers to establish the line of drift piles across this gap, and the mattress was just
started June 11, when the drift which had collected against the linxj and the rapid
scour in the bottom carried out the piling. The drivers were put back in position
and the line again started over the bar, but the few piles driven during the day were
carried out at night. As the action of the jet-pump seemed to increase the scour
and depths at the incomplete hurdle ends on either side of tliis gap it was thouglit
best to move up 100 feet into shoaler water witli less current and build a hurdle in front
of the gap, connecting its ends with the main line. This work was completed June
29. During the rise drift ha<l collected against the hurdle for 20 feet in widthfrom the
offset to the end of the line, 800 feet. A mattress was built over this and the whole
was sunk to the boUom, forming a good protection for the base of this portion of the
hurdle. The shore end of this hue was protected with the usual stone and mattress
revetment and the outer end by a T-head mattress. This hurdle is 1,500 feet in
leng:th and is complete, with the exception of wattling in those portions unprotected
by drift.
Hurdle No. 3 was begun June 2 and was completed on the 29th. It is 1,350 feet
long, and located 1,250 feet below No. 2, parallel and similar to the latter, with outer
T-head mattress and revetted shore end. During its construction a portion of tlie
drift row of piles about 250 feet from shore was crushed down against the hurdle
row (the cross bracks had, not then been placed) by drift, piling, and a pile driver,
which were carried out from No. 2 on June 11. The hurdle was not brok<5ii though,
and after making a new drift row of the first hurdle row a new line of piles for
wattling was driven behind it and protected by additional mattress. This hurdle is
also complete with the exception of wattling.
Hurdle No. 4 was begun June 4, but on account of the rapid rise in the river and
a scarcity of piles long enough for the work the drivers wc^re withdrawn on the 6th
and the line was not resumed uritil the 22d. None of the piling first placed was lost,
and at the close of the month the drift row had been carried out 900 feet to the end
of the line, and the mattress had been constructed 650 feot and sunk for 500 feet.
This hurdle is parallel to the others and 1,400 feet below No. 3, and for 300 feet near
shore crossed wat^r, 30 to 35 feet in depth.
The season has been very favorable for the work, the river not having been at any
time higher than 23 feet on the St. Xioiiis gauge. The current at this stage has been
very strong, but has brought with it a considerable deposit about the upper two
hurdles.
The locations of the hurdles and soundings are shown on the chart accompanying
the monthly report foi: June.
The force engaged on the work has averaged 10 pile drivers and 275 men, although
it has been difficult to keep the full complement of men, owing to the demand for
laborers in the country adjacent.
Very respectfrilJy^ your obedient servant^
Wm. S. Mitchell,
Suj^erintendenU
Maj. A. M. Miller,
CwrpB of Engineers, U, S» A.
2096 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. AHMT.
REPORT OF MR. C. D. LAMB, SUPERINTENDENT.
St. Louis, Mo., June SO, 1891,
Major: I have the honor to submit the following report for procuring brush dur-
ing the tiscal year ending June 30, 1^1.
No brush was procured during the fall season, bnt work was begun with a nnall
force February 25 at East Carondolet. Most of the brush procured at that locality
was hauled across the Prairie du Pout Creek on a ponton bridge made of liatn.
The following table shows the places at wliicn brush was procured during the
season, with length of time spent at each place, and the number of cords procured:
Locality.
»«*«""'"k. ipSS;.!.
East Caromlelot ' Feb. 25 to Mar. 30: 1.452.2
Arscuid Irtlunii Mar. 31 to Aio*. 8 787.0
Head of WiNou lalanil Bnul ■ Apr. 9 to Aiur. 20 ],S9S.9
South bank M isj^oiiri Kiver, at mouth ; Apr. 21 to Miir 10 I 3, 550. 0
Coraroint May 20toJune 2i l.lTJSll
Brivkhon^e Bond Tune StoJune 0. 25S.0
lUinoia nhon^ at hoad Calico Ishiud Jnnt? 10 to June 10 j 56S.8
Duifco Pikint Juno 20 to June 30 78S.S
Total ' I •,7«.l
Tho brush proourfil in Fcbruiiry was loa<l«Hl in tho ordinary way, but about the
l8t of March a pilo driver was oquiupud with a derrick^ which was used in loading
the brush during tho remainder of the season.
The brush was lilted from the wagons by the derrick and swung upon the barge,
which was laid outside the driver and shifted as rei[uired. One man was n*qnired on
the liank to fasten the load lines. 2 on tlie driver to handle tlie lines at the wpools,
and S on the barge to swing the load and place it in position. As at first arrauged,
with a short mast and 35-foot boom, about 10 cords per hour could bo handled, but
many elianges were made during the season, and as now us«mI 25 cords per hour can
be loaded by 8 laborers and a steam engineer, a rate which would require abont 35
laborers loading by hand, while the brush can be laid straighter and more compactly
and unloaded with less labor.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. D. Lamb,
igiycrfaiteadcat.
Ml^. A. M. MiLLEK.
Corps of Engineer 8 f U, 5. A.
report of mr. 8. s. vax norman, 8uperintendbnt«
St. Louis, Mo., Jm jm 50, 1891.
Major : I have the honor to submit my report of operations at the engineer sup-
ply depot connected with works of improvement under your charge for the fiscal
year ending .Time W, 18iU.
Following is a general account of work done on each class of plant:
Toic boat!*. — Kei>airs to the steamer (Tcneral (iiUmore consisted of renewal of aflerpil-
low block chain braces: roof, nosing, facing, aiul scroll work of pilot house; 10 feet
of boiler deek rail: riirle l»races. keys, arms, and buckets of wheel; 146 feet phink-
sheer. li>> feet nosing. 11 outriggers, most of the decking on the st>arboard ^ardy 4
kev«'ls, and 4 fendrrs.
The guard rail, cabin roof, and boiler deck were patched and new glass placed in
the cabin doors and skylights as needed.
The ontrigiriTs of both guards were calked at the ports, the interior of the cabin
and rooms ])ainted, the doors overhauled, new transom sash placed in the engine
room and a new stage bnilt.
Liiunihes. — Two sti»rn-wheel steam launches, or Hats, of the following description
were built during the year:
Len^ith over all. !!• feet 11 inches: width. 10 feet 6 inches; depth aniidahip, :i6
inches: diameter ot* \\liecl. il.j feet: length of bucket, 7^ feet; width of backet, 14
inches.
A cabin 6 feet high. 'So feet long, extending from the stem forwaid and terminat-
ing with a circular pilot house, was built on each launch.
APPENDIX Y — KEPOIiT OK MAJOR MILLEB.
Two KlidH-viUvo utiglDW, 4 iDoheain dianietier by36-iiich stroke, u) "Eeonomio"
boilur and n " Uookoc No. 1 " fitoiiiii pliiujter pump for eapulyiug the boiler wer« I
provided euuh bonl, biMidea a " Chitlleuge " pump lor geiieml oao. J
file dHverii.—Hoa. 2,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 13, 15, 16, 18, I9,uud20 warehaulndont 1
on the wnys nt Mintnd City, IlL, tuid rupiured below tjie watur line, the work done a
twlag priuuipiUly ua follons : 1
At t^ IquOb ends Lite knees, conier iioaU, pliiiiik-sIieer,gnDWitl»H,aDd beams nndor |
enda uf deukiug were reitewcd; the luwur ganwale atrukes tiiiil vnk shoee iit rake I
«ndBieuflwe(lurreptiired,ssrequiied,tbepampHtraiDerBoverhiiiiled,audthubottumft-|
pktvliud, (ia]k<Ml, an<l pitched.
Tbu fuUowiug odditioDul rejiLii
Nevr leads were placed on Nob,
6 aiid 18.
On« side brace was lenewed on Nos. B, 6, 7, S, 11, 13, und 20; o
on Nos. 6 and 7; one ladder leg on No. 8; two on No. 13, and a cmb ,
New lieaiDS and silla were placed nndet the boilers and pumps where nrrnssanr; _
the derka renewed or patched; the cabins, crab frames, tad<lurs, plalfiimiM, choru. J
and hU roatenlngs OTerbauled and repaired, (-abins rulettered and uuuibernd, tha j
holds deaneil, and all the drivers painted.
New hulls for No. 1, 3, 4, 15, and 17 were built, to which the cabiiiB, macUiuery, -
etc.. of the old hiiUq were traiisrerrcd.
The new hull for No. 15 was made neceaaary by injuries iustuined in a collisitiii ]
after the old hall htid been repaired.
Thn liuHs of Nos. 1,3, 4, and 17 were worn out.
The miK^hiupry «f all the drivers was placed in thorough repair and a well for BQp- ]
plying (hi- main pumpi put in each.
ftirgrs.— Nob. 1,2,3.1,5,6,7,8,9.11,17,18. IS. 31, 22. 24, 28, 2B. and 30 were banlwd
out oit the ways at Mound City, 111., and repaired below tBe li "
lton<-wcd or repaired eterae, and bottom and side plunking. 'I'he oiikum lu tliM
•MtuiB njid bntto of tliebottoina and kniiekl^s was^eol(^dnut, relilleil, horsed ii^, onm
otto tlmud of oakum made in un top of horsing, scams fllled with tarred injm, onm
pttyed off with red Imd and oil. i
H«pturB U> most of the barges at the supply dcjiot were extensive and of Uiu fol-fl
towing character :
OnNDH. 1,3,8,4, 5,^,7,8,11, 2)11, and 39 t)in flecks, plauk-alu^^r, c«uti>r strnkfis, eHp-l
•t&n liedti. kev<il», bita, ohoeks, natoh lyomee and i^oveiB, noeiug, ISO bi:nins. SI stati-
(diions iiiid(-r benniB, 6,323 foet of side planking, 172 foot main olamp slrukc, 5 bond
etidd, and 17 top timbon were renowi^d ; 17 floor timbers spliiied ; top and floor biuil-
=-^ strakes n-pnireil; 3fi engraven piocoa put iu sides; gas-pipe piiiti[m supplied,
V " .'r<iJMiu lined to patrbuiL: lii ■ i. - imi i.i. ^. ic.iiiivriii(r
UlffSl
hoTrls
nd 1>
inpiim
, Palkin;
','" ■ ' - u" L ■. ISI, and 22thofu8t''riiii;;i ■■! i . i.. 1 1 mil
b'M'l ' i.pv-.--|Hi(e dungPB renewed, lln; ^u',--.-. i .>IL. J lu a U"
III.' I . ':.ji^k«atnieend»of No, 19 and oiiULdt of quarter
IT - I -• and hullB painted.
I I . i|iiartetB on No. 31 was Bheatbed, inside of qnttrtora wbita^
wii-ii 11 16 patched, and tUsteningfl of both overhauled.
l'<.,i'i:ii>li' iiiniriii.;^.,, of 6^ BeetioiiH eaob, 'n■e^t^ put up on barges NoRr25 and 27, t
(■xIj'I'iit of quurters painted and interior whitewashed.
Machine tlinp. — The bnll of the machine shop having brn'ome unlit for aor
machinery wiis stored at the depot awaiting a new hnll, for which pravistoh h
.«m'i(f'i(<'ii«.— Twenty fiats, 10 feet by 30 feet, were built, lOof which were decked j
'Jl eels of ways erected on flats; 118 flats repaired by patching bottoniB, sides, u
dei^ks, reiKiwing timberbeads, imd calking.
'I'we[v<^ new ukitEs were purchased, and 51 skiffs and ISvawIaropairudBndpainto
Tooh ami applianott. — Fifteen oant hooks, 1(12 cant-hook baudbui, 78 aapataii bui
16 gas pl[>e and 20 box pumps, G coal boxes, 37 pike poles, 6 grindstone IVaiucH, 1
wooden togglea.SO signal poles, a boom 0 inebua by 9 inches liy 40 feat, a nuu
inches by 8 feet, and a machinery truok, were made; u side dock b
iYiks ])r''|iured, and 64 wheelbarrows, 14 tool boxes, and axes, auj
"i-idc8 the 13 acetions reported under the bead of "quartet
|.I.ii;ed DU bJireca Nos. 25 and 27. new csnvus was lair" -- ••-'
supply depot, and 18 soctioiia were taken down anr
.< Ivu new wutur-coolockogswureuuMli) ready for uso n
inrhcA by 1
100 -tai;.' I
2098 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENQINEERS, D. 8. ABBIY.
Two closetii 6^ foot by ^ fe«t, aiid one closet 3^ feet by 4^ foet^ were made; 42
6 men buuks, 2 double and 1 sinj^le bunks put together ; 6 tables and 14 benches re-
duced in len^xth from 10 foot to 8i feet, and 2 io^e boxes repaired.
Supply depot. — The ofUco was raised, the sillsi porches, gutters, and flttor in one
room rent; wed, the screen doors and windows repaired, and building painted.
The depot fence, coal and machinery- sheds, and gutters to buildings were repaiied|
all the building painted and fence wliitewashed.
Ei^ht clumps of piles were driven in front of the depot for mooring purpoaee.
Wat^'r barrels wore placed on^the roofs of all the buildings, with means of ready
access to them in case of lire.
All subsistence stores, as well as supplies of every description required in the field
other than piles, brush, and stone, were also distributed from the depot.
Very respectfully, your obedient servaut,
& S. Van Norman,
MaJ. A. M. MiLLKK,
Corps of Engineer 8 f U. S, A,
Construction account, showing total cost of works to June SO, 1891,
Xaui^of work.
Piasa iRland Dam
Piada Island Dam. cutting chauuel
Alton Dam
Alton Dike
Sawvor Ilend pn^teclion
Venice Dikes
St. LoiMH Harbor
ArBonal Island protection
Cloaiug Cahokia riiuto
Channel omnwite St. Louis
Horsetail I^ir, dikes 1 to 5, inclusive
Horsetail Bar, training wall
Hor8Ct;dl Bar, hurdles
Horsetail Bar, bank protection
Carroll Island hurdle
Twin Hollows, west side, hurdles
Twin Hollows, west side, bank ]»rotrction
Twin Hollows, east siile. bank pntte«tion
Beanis Island, priuiai y hunlb'
Beanis Island, bank protect ion
Jim Smith's hurdles
Jim Smith's b.iuk pnttection
Puljtight hurdles
Chesh'y Island, b.nik iirotcitii»n
Chesley Island hunili s ,
Sulphiir Springs, hurdles
Lucas hurdles
Foster IsLind
Kush Tower
Fort < 'hartres 1 >.nu
Tuikey Ishiud
St. 1 leuevieve
KaskaAkia jimt «. « t iuu
Libi-rty Island IVim •
LilHTtv Island ]Mcti-« ti<<u
IVvil'a Ishind 1 •: k . 1 ,
IVivils Island, dtiii-; I .aid 2
Miniiin Point. Iniiiil- .«» ,
<'.»IH« (.iirardi i:i. iirim..iy hi:idh-s ,
Coiru, iU'oi4-i Hull .* ,
Expended
prior to July
1,1890.
•37,
3.
76,
Wi,
910.41
116.86
740.05
6.V2. 74
8a'{. O:)
341.85
42,
110,
58,
oo«i
81,
548,
40,
4.
248,
31,
rj8,
7,
84,
365,
I.
340,
64,
27.
177,
128.
44,
51)!). 06
IWW.21
455.54
066.31
253.28
834.08
993.55
093.58
837.82
370.55
020.30
166.24
258.76
80.T33
569.58
778. 57
416.04
808.61
UftL24
050.65
206.02
•J4.
812.86
4JV3.S5
(}0,
4,'>.
ti.-.,
66,
3.1,
31.
1()0.
465.62
053.91
120.40
871. 17
526. 88
4^16. 37
IKH). IK
4;f.».82
Expended
during fiscal
year ending
June ao, 1891.
$51.22
99.729.86
Total
ooBt to June
30,1801.
3.026.06
35.565.21
ToUl 3.500,195.02 | 139,272.
137.010.41
8.116.85
33. 74a 05
70. 703. 96
06.803.63
3S.S41.8S
00.720.86
42.500.06
110. 058. SI
58.455.54
235.066L31
81.253^28
548.63108
40.003.55
41.008.58
248,837.82
81.3f70L55
128.020.30
7.168.21
84.258.76
365,80133
7.580.58
340.778.57
84.416.04
27, aw. til
177,081.34
128.0S6LI5
44, 208. OS
3,03801
38,812.81
24,483.86
8tt.4A8S
ft,05&0l
45,120141
85,87Ln
86,50188
33|436.r
31.030.18
180.439L8:
8,738,4812?
APPENDIX Y — ^BEPOET OP MAJOB MIIA.EB.
2099
Property and material aooounU
Class of proper^.
Barges, model
Steamer Gen. GlUmore .
Pile drivers
?aarterB
ents
Supply depot
Macnine siiop
Small boatti
Tools and appliances
Boarding outfit
(Mice furniture
Surveying instruments .
Photographic apparatus
Subsistence
Brush
Pttes
Stone
Bope
Wire
Iron
Nails
Spikes
Bolts
Lumber
Oakum ,
Coal
Ice
Miscellaneons materiid.
Launches
Quarter boats
Total
Balance
July 1, 1890.
$31,303.70
11, 815. 46
20,909.83
7, 861. 11
190.75
3,479.75
1,885.61
6, 643, 70
1, 626. 00
9, 306. 97
428. 48
471. 61
200.48
1,114.48
95.60
98.55
9,800.00
34.26
274.72
315.46
131.72
988.83
485.15
90.14
321.00
394.58
U0,417.93
Debits.
$46, .381. 06
13, 076. 04
28,665.25
2, 622. 12
1, 674. 78
1,354.95
11, 129. 87
3,795.71
1, 635. 11
32.25
10, 262. 97
19, 090. 15
22, 794. 32
12,411.04
3,804.31
1,537.64
418. 72
630.70
1,301.43
3,928.04
14,025.03
1,057.77
4, 582. 52
1,255.93
8,958.68
6, 513. 62
15.00
Credits.
$11,661.42
13, 384. 70
3,093.75
960.90
548.73
2,440.56
1,713.26
457.06
960.66
42.86
47.16
11,041.45
17,741.10
22,822.82
12,044.44
3,788.87
555.78
448.44
588.90
765.87
1,764.76
13,829.89
916.62
4,605.67
1, 255. 93
7, 520. 60
15.00
Balance
June30, 1891.
222,954.98
135,607.12
$66,118.88
11,606.79
45,041.88
9,622.88
100.75
4,605.78
«00.00
16,060.32
4,064.65
9,091.42
385.63
456.70
200.48
336.00
1,349.06
67.10
465.15
0,815.44
1,016.17
245.00
857.26
667.28
8, 152. 12
680.20
231.20
297.85
1, 832. 66
6, 513. 62
197,765.79
Detail oonstrwstion aooountf showing coat of works during fiscal year ending June SO, 1891,
Labor, material, plant, etc.
Labor, superintendence, etc
V. S. Engineer Office
General expense
Tel(;phone
Gauge readers
Steamer Gen. Gillmore
Quarter barges
Pile drivers
Quarters
Sapply depot
Small Doats
Tools and appliances
Boarding outfit
Survey fustruiiH.'uU
( >ffice furniture
Brush
Piles
Stone
Snbsiiitence 9,...^
Hope
Wire
Oakum
IfaiU
Spikes
Screw bolts^eto
Lnmlier
Coal
Ice
Miscellaneous material
Total
St. Genevieve.
Bush Tower.
$11,1(55.89
$1,432.00
558. 44
70.43
758. 13
95,62
180. a7
22.75
35. 52
4.48
676. 45
81.50
4:{7. 12
66.41
822.57
40.31
163.56
44.03
113.55
15.32
414.83
43.52
102.42
407. 61
12.27
49.75
7.39
1.00
8.88
1.12
4. 185. 16
679.00
5, 780. 05
142.00
2, 907. 93
252.84
4,291.07
521. 18
577.20
72.15
128.59
25.00
.73
3.65
59.67
18.26
135.32
14.35
502.40
7.85
67.20
32.00
;n6.73
36.84
556.21
87.74
194.62
57.60
35, 505. 21
3,926.06
2100 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENQINEEBS, U. 8. ABlfT.
1
A. — Benord of gauge at Grafton, lU., for fiscal year ending Jwne 30, X891m
[Height of water above a plane 200 feet below St. Lonis City Birectxix.]
Day
Julj. Aug.
Sept.
1.
o
3,
4.
^
;>.
fi.
K.
9.
10.
11.
12.
i:i.
14.
ir>.
i«.
17.
21.
_ > ■
24.
2."».
2(».
27.
2S.
2*.*.
:io.
I
204.53
21U.58
2t>4. r»3
2m. :to
2»»4. 10
2vKt. SS
'Mi. M
2ti:<. :w
2o:i. OS
2i'2. f<i
202. U
201.44
2iH). 9:{
2iH>. 51
199. m
198.70
198.41
198. {X\
197. 67
197. :»:>
19<5. 8ii
lur.. 7:{
1%. :a
iiHi. :i8
IJMi. 2V>
UMi. 2"
llVi. iVA
vXk 8:<
19:>.»K>
i9r>. ."4
10."). 4: 1
40
16
195.04
194.84
194
194
194
19:J. S7
193. 73
193. G^
193.71
UUl. 73
19:1. tie
193. 53
193. 43
193. 31
193. (*9
192. 88
192. 80
192.71
192, 'lO.
192. 5;^
192. 50
192.53
192. 61
192. 73
192.84
193. or>
19.x 13
193.
193.
192.
13
11
98
Oct.
192.68
192.77
192.75
192.77
192.77
192. 86!
192.94!
193. o:t
193. 18
193.26:
19:t.34
19:). 42
193.38
193.30
193. 17
193. 12
193. 13
193. 31
193.63
mi. 88!
193.97!
194. a3!
193.98-
193. 87j
193. 76i
193.67=
193.62
193.50
193.46
193. 37
Nov.
192.86
193.31
193.29
193.23
193. M
193. 66]
193.79
193.86
193.74
193. 6:)
193.581
193. 51
193.44
193.38
193.24
193.13
193.11
193.11
193.53
193.91
194.18
194.33
194.39
194.40
194.41
194.43
194.50
194.68
194. 80
194.99
195.26
195. 38
Dec.
195.38
195. 15i
194.90
194.81
194.76
1M.72
194. Gl
194.53
194.24
194.08
193.91
193.77
193.64
193.73
193.68
193.62
193.59,
193.55
193.53;
193.50
193.46
193.43
193.34
193.39
193.36
193.35
193.33
193.33
19:1.29-
193.23
Jan.
193.23
193.14
193.09
193.03
192. 97j
192. 91:
192.86
192.63^
192. 13!
191. 83=
191. 53)
191. 40;
191. 171
190.83
190.73!
190. 66!
190. 60;
190. 73'
191. 13|
191.331
191.63
191.731
191.61
191.45.
191.29
191. 13l
191.04
190.93
190.73
190.741
190.99
Feb.
191.23
191.47:
191.81'
192.23:
192. 13i
191.92
191. 73
191.83!
191.91:
192.03!
192.011
191.93,
191.80
191.63
191.49
191.33
191
191
191
191.28
191.341
191.401
191.43
191. 58.
191.44
191.43
191. 18
191. 17
191. 14
191. 16
191.21
Mar.
191.33-
191.61'
191.73
191.03
190.781
190.20
190.19
190.60
190.72
190.97
191. 2U
191.42
191.43
191.71
192.20
192.37
192.53
192.50
192.42
192.41
191.20
191.91
192.20
192.70
193.30
193.90
194. 21
194.50
Apr.
194.50
194.41
191.07
194.01
194.40
194.90
195.50
195.60
105.48
195.30
195.10
194.84
194.621
191.50
193.80
103.60
193.80'
194.02
191.38
195.40
196. 80i
197. 60;
198.35
199.05;
200.80
201.45
201. 75
202.01
2it2.66
202.88
203.05.
I
U»j,
203.10
302.911
202.78
202.59
202.21;
202.30!
203. «3
202.90:
203.14!
303.50:
203. 4l|
303.16,
303.01;
202.92
303.05;
303.16;
203.30!
303.60;
303.76
310.65
203.60
303.75
303.80
201.06
204.62
205.05'
204. «5j
204.06
203.90
303.80
JUM.
203.8V
203.75!
203.67;
303.56^
303.80
303.38
303.23
303.10
302.96
202.83
202.79
202.10;
201.70;
201.30!
200.80
200.16
199.63
199.30
198.90;
198. W
198.62
198.70
108.62
198.43
198.38
198.08
197.90
197.80
197.78
197.54!
197.58
197.41
197.39
197.31
197.09
197.01
197.29
197.43
197.67
197.89
197. «
197.04
198.80
198. «l
198. 5S
19&53
196.50
198L4S
198L3B
I90L8O
197.30
197.10
198.82
19&90
197.90
197.87
197.40
197.00
196L58
198L39
r
standard low water at St. LouiD 170.10 fcoU
APPENDIX T — RKPORT«OP MAJOR MnXGR.
2101
A. — Tteoord ofgange at Orayti Point, Mo., for. finical year ending Jvne SO, 1891.
[Height of water above a plane 2<N) ft^^t ImiIow St. Lttyin (!i(.y Directrix.]
Day.
1
o
3
4
5
6
I
8
9
10
11
12
13
U
15
16
17
18
19
2U
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
80
31
July.
108.26
108.16
107.96
108.46
107.66
107.46
107.26
107.16
106.91
106.81
106.51
105.96
105.41
104.66
104.01
103.96
103.86
103.41
102.96
102.06
101.66
101.36
101.16
101.36
10L21
101.31
101.46
101; 36
100.86
100.36
99. 96
Aug.
99.76
99.36
99.01
98.76
98.56
98.26
98.06
97.96
97.86
97.71
97.66
97.66
97.81
97.01
97.01
96.86
97.41
97.86
97.86
96.86
96.76
96.86
96.56
97.01
97.41
97.56
97.76
97.40
97.41
97.16
96.96
Sept.
96.91
96.91
96.76
96.66
96. 66
96.36
96.46
96.46
96.46
97.76
97.06
96.06
97.36
97.26
96.96
96.56
96.11
96.06
95.96
95.81
95.96
96.26
96.61
96.86
96.86
96.86
96.76
96.56
96. 56
96.56
Oct.
96. 66
96.66
96.76
96.86
96.76
96.66
96.46
96.36
96.26
96.16
96.06
96.26
96.66
96.56
96.36
96.06
95.66
95.41
95.51
96.11
96.66
97.76
97.76
97.66
97.56
97.41
97.26
97.11
96.91
96.76
96.86
Nov.
96.91
96.96
96.91
06.86
96.76
96.61
06.41
96.21
06.11
96.06
95.86
95.76
95.61
95.41
95.31
95.36
95.61
95.76
95.76
95.76
95.86
95.96
96.41
97.16
97.56
97.46
97.16
97.86
96.66
96.46
Deo.
96.06
95.76
95.46
95.26
95JD6
95.01
94.81
94.76
94.66
94.31
94.81
93.51
93.41
93.16
93.06
92.71
92.46
92.26
92.21
92.21
92.26
92.31
92.46
92.66
92.81
92.96
92.96
93.06
92.96
92.66
92.36
Jan. # Feb.
92.46
92.61
93.31
93.81
94.36
94.66
94.61
94.41
94.51
94.81
94.86
94.81
94.76
94.46
94.26
93.86
93.61
93.26
93.01
92.96
92.96
93.11
93.26
93.26
93.41
93.46
93.41
93.31
93.26
93.16
93.46
93.66
93.76
9:^.96
94.36
94.86
95. 16
95.41
96.26
96.61
96.81
97.16
97.51
97.81
98.06
98.41
99.11
99.21
99.21
99.46
100.01
102.06
101.86
102.01
103.01
103.71
104.21
104.91
105.16
Mar.
105.21
105. 11
104.91
104.71
104. 36
104.26
103.81
103.46
103.21
103.11
102.91
102.76
102.51
102.86
102.86
102.16
102.16
102.06
102.01
101.96
101.86
102.81
102.86
103.81
105. 11
106.86
107.06
107.46
107.81
108.46
109.16
Apr.
109.36
109.66
110.06
110.06
109.81
109.56
109.36
109.16
109.06
108.46
108.26
108.96
109.66
109.56
109.46
108.96
108.86
110.26
110.96
111.06
111.16
111.06
110.91
110.76
111.06
11L86
111.06
110.66
109.96
109.86
May.
108.86
108.81
108,76
108.86
108.96
109.06
108.61
108.06
107.66
107.21
106.66
106.06
105.71
105.56
105.06
104.66
104.20
108.86
103.41
102.91
102.26
101.86
101.81
101.51
10L96
102.16
102.96
103.81
104.11
103.71
108.71
June.
103.91
103.60
108.06
102.86
102.28
104.86
106.86
106.56
107.96
100.66
110.61
110.76
110.66
110.06
108.66
107.56
107.81
107.41
107.26
106.96
106.86
106.96
107.66
108.26
109.41
110.16
109.91
109.06
107.26
107 81
Standard low water at St Louis 170.19 feet.
2102 BEPORT OF THE CHIEF pP ENOINEEBS, D. S. ABHT.
APPENDIX T — BEPOBT OF UAJOB MiLLEB. 2103
bart Mwem SU Loiti* and Cairo.
i
1
111
h
Hi
sal
f
3
,^
B
^
1
II
9 3
t
II
1
1
S
j
s
i
1
1
%
...L
11
e
1
i
j
'.fi
. ,
......lOi
io-
8
ig-
.'
.^
.2
fl
7
'*
',%
i
8
6*
..le
16
. IB
18
ij
1'a
Is*
<
u
u !^
-j--
iai
0(1(^
12
'i".
.12
---"-13
!^.
ii-
13
"
... ..
-lai
01 IB
IB
- 8
j^
i .
lOJl^U
ISt
14
">»
V
lot
■"■?
li-
lOi
» -
81
; 8
1
I
?
1
■1
... «" 1
1 ?■■
iot
i«i
4
S*
Kivi
IDi
ii
-
'SI
...fl
IS
7
*»
^
■ 8
t
H-
. T
* .-. 1
8*
St
!
10*
13
t*
4
1
1
i' .
'«*
"7i (11
•
81
?
■7'
...
1
St
1
T
■ n
4
f
8*
6i
1
... «
._
?*
b"
1
61-
'6i
; 7
'■'i
.!'::: -^
:: Bi
■'
iii
t
s ... t]
;
7
«
0*
Bi...[0
T*
a
"7"
■*■
a
l
u a
1
"«■ Bi
1
a
'-\
a'
Si
<*
?
7 ... a
T
a
fl
«
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•i
7
10*
6
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... 4i
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fi
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^
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■ .:-::..
1
' 1 1
1
2104 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARIIT.'
COMMERCIAL RTATISTTCS.
Jitreiplv and Hhipmenh at St, Loui9, Mo., during the years 1SS8, 1SS9, and 1890.
1
Artioles.
]'»:irhHl win' and (iro9 aud metals (pig
:iii<1 iiiainitart iinnl \
ri-nu-iit
*V»;il ami «oki*
Cottitn i:iih1 i»ri»«birts»
linu*r:»'sanil dairv piiMliu'ts
Hay. sirtls. ami p-'ains. inrluiiiii;; flixir,
lueals, «-i<- ,
Jiitf
Iaw stiK k ami ]»rmluc-i.'*
LuiiilH-r
;Mon'hamli'»i' ami Mimlrii .>*
\"r:;i-tal»l«>*
"\V liit«* Irail. uils. fti'
"NVims ami liiiimrs
AViM.l
Receipts.
1888.
TonM.
32.738
5.344
96.208
5. 178
7.911
H¥>.3<U
2.724
12. S2I
VM}. ^V>
S. iHG
670
174
193
1889.
TwM,
31.063
6.876
88.845
4.663
8.815
96.2tr.
3.4?,* =
12.AK"> !
127.001
281.579
7. 986
756
102
162
1890.
Tont.
21.782
15,8l>2
81.565
4.230
8.262
92, 914
2:t."»
17.:i47
i:r2.940
284. .'.89
3. TAVi
204
00
180
SbipmentB.
1888L
Ton».
6,748
"7.605
23
7,598
1889L I UM.
5,889 I
"i.ToiV
2P0 '
8,047 '
8,045
527
342. 2l» .'"138,329 440.TSft
14. 619
13.<»S5
112. !HM
2.260 '
2. 2«V5
772
1.1.429
6, 470
131.546 !
2,612 !
1,790 '
617 .
18.379
8.526
117. HM
1.7»
1.379
668
3
Total ] 728.810: 671.685. 663,730' 510,115 712,700
O0U683
TrauHt'errt'd hi/ /«rri>* across the rirer at St, Louis,
TODH.
lSS:i 2.351.881
lS»it» 2.717,760
1*^IH.» 3.058,166
Shijnnnit.'< thnru ihv river from landings between St. Louis and Cairo during the years ISSS^
Ctr.i'iH. ini-hnliiii: tlmir. incals. t'to. : TmiS.
los 37.2S7
2»,206
34.387
1'
1S90
RECAPITULATION.
Ton9.
Tofu.
1.384.385
Rt*i-oi]>ts :iml «»lii]»inoiits at St. Louis ■ 1.2:j8,925
Tnmslf iTi'il li\ iV-nii's at St . I.fuiis i 2. 351. 881 2. 717. 760 i
Sliippf it t'ri'in lamlin;;s K-t wt-cu St. Lmiis anil Cuiru 37. 257 29. 2U9 j
Total 3.628.««3 4.13l,3,%4
I860.
Terns.
1.263,562
3.052.168
34,367
4,352.025
N«iTK. ImrtM^f ot" 22»>. 071 tmis for voar 189H ov»*r vi-ar 1889.
vln ii'd/x and dvjuirfiirts it/ f(teamlH»ats and htirgen at St. Louis during ike years ISSS, 1S89,
Arri%'al*.
1KS8. , 1>^.
BciMrtiiTCt.
1890.
1.927
1.274
1888.
2,076
1880.
1800.
Stv.nnlioatA
i;.it ■«■•*
2.079 2.195
L244 , 1,474
2,211
1,016
APPENDIX T — ^BEPOBT OP MAJOR MILLER.
2105
LUt of Bleam-power hoaU that arrived at St, LovU (Jvring the year 1890,
Name.
Aimer O'Neal
Alice Blair
Alice Brown
Arkansas City
A. L.Ma8on
A. Saltzroan
Albert S. WUlis
Bald Eagle
Bart £. Linehim
Belle Memphis
Benton
Ben. Wood
Brother Jonathan
Calhoun
Carrie
Charlotte Boeckoler. .
Charley McDonald. . .
Cherolcee
City of Alma
City of Baton Kongo
City of Cairo
City of Florence
City of Hickman
.City of Monroe
City of Now Orleans .
City of Providence. . -
City of St. Lonis
City of {Savannah
City of Sheffield
City of Vicksbarg ...
Clyde
Commodore
C.R.Sater
Crystal City
D.H.Pike
Dick Clyde
Dolphin
Dora
l>uran
Eagle
E<1. Durant, Jr
Edith
Edna
£. M.Norton
Ferd-Herold
Future City
Gem City
General Barnard
General Gilhnore . . . .
General H. F. De vol . .
Geo. Ly sle
Golden Gate
Grand BepubUc
Harry Clyde
Helena
Henrv Loorey
H.F.Frisbie
H. G.Wright
Hiawatha
H. M. Hozie
Helene Schulenberg .
Idlewild
Imperial
Irene D
Iron Age
Iron Duke
Ironsides
Jack Frost
Jay Gould
John Gifanore
John L. Ferguson
John N. Macomb
J'oseph Walton
J'osie
J'ulia
Xit Carson
liibbie Conger
JA\y
I.ittleEagleNo.2
I^isxie Gardner
liOnsfeOow ,
I^otfie
engt.h.
Breailth.
Depth.
Gross
tonnage.
Fett.
Feet,
FeeL
150
28.4
8.8
107.74
130
25
4
119.96
193
34
4
661.86
273.7
44.7
. 7.8
1,236.90
252
52.6
6
1,180.84
75
10
3
36.00
153.1
26.5
3.6
132.99
202.3
30
5.4
454.71
127
23.5
3.9
178.82
267
42.7
7.6
1,222.89
197
Z\
5
394.08
222
23
5
143.69
110.6
21
4
110.23
230
:i6
6.4
631.74
75
13
2
29.82
140
29.4
4.1
143.48
147
30
4.5
259.52
216.4
33.9
6.4
681.20
110
20
4
96.07
290
48
8.7
1,003.96
271.2
44
7.8
1,266.12
160
82
6.8
358.31
2a'i
44.5
9.6
1,656.17
275
45
8
1,038.26
290
48
8.5
1,586.28
273.1
44.6
7.8
1,303.81.
300
49
8.8
1,614.02
186
31.2
6.3
335.55
183
35
5.5
829.74
273.7
44.5
8.2
1,356.62
125
19
4
144.00
97
23.2
3.2
86.45
189.6
52
7
828.28
234
42.2
7
199.6
33.6
5.5
465.75
95.8
17.4
3.9
76.84
135.8
22.8
4.8
156.16
199.5
25.2
4.3
392.23
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
155.6
24.8
4.2
231.30
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
101
24
3.1
69.59
102
21.5
4.7
80.35
174
30
6
549.53
244.6
34
7.2
900.58
187.4
36
6.1
589.30
263
29.8
5.6
580.56
215
37
5
500.00
140
28
4
125.00
130
22.5
3.8
156.99
174
33
6
426.74
131.4
30
4
142.17
260
50
8.5
1,985.92
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
194
33
4.5
352. 31
209.6
35.2
5.3
646.79
169.4
32.2
5.8
270.45
190
62
8
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
213.2
34.8
6.6
622.30
130.8
25.4
8.7
107.95
207.6
35.6
6.7
520.36
89.3
19
4.8
68.08
133
24.8
(*)
142.76
176
88
5.5
885.01
177
82.6
6
421.25
•154
80
6.4
282.80
165
80
6.4
850.77
186.8
30.4
6
446.26
183
84
6
503.00
111.6
25.6
13.6
79.81
176.9
62
7
(*)
158
27
5
800.27
143
28
5
237.51
107
22
8.5
58.61
138.6
29.2
4
237.00
168
29.5
4.5
324.00
178
28
4.3
200.00
130.7
10.2
8.0
82.66
124.5
21
8.6
70.54
112
19.8
4.3
93.6a
65
1«
I ^^
V Y^^
* Not known.
2106 BEFOST OF THE CHIEF OF EN0TNBER8, U. S. ARKT.
Ziaf of lifam-poKtr boatt thai arrived at St. Zouit dKrii«f th« s»ar 18$0—CcntAim»i.
SIhfiHlppi....
My <'hnii^
XcIlirSlHTr....
.NVwIdpa
OUtwBImw''!
PoUi Wiive ..
PnrtEada....
Saelut
B..V.SprMl..
ffldiwy
SMiUTlHlIau....
8LL.triMMl
S»T«dEiwlr....
Static FlnGtr....
State nfEuH*..
T.F.Erkfrt
TUMlf
War Eagle
Tr,H.Chmy ...
'n'hItfEaEli'.--
H'lltlmSloiw..
W.P.BidM|>....
LttI of harge» ikat arrirtd at St. Louii during the jrwr ISSO.
tss.n
turn
K„..
L«gth.
BraadtlL
DiTth.
Gnwa
touHwa.
FmI.
1*1.*
187. S
m«
?i.
a..
?>.
ii.
Pi
Ptrt.
■•4.
SI
r)
•1
l.
1:1
I-
'il
•i.
1M.H
Is
Capv diranl^au TraiKiinnuiliHt cWpanT.No. 1 to31
CI
g^^ia..;;::.:::::::::::::::::;:::::::::;::::::::::-;:
H
S:';:::;:;:::::;-;;---"--:;;-:-----
gSs.r'.'t.-.-v:!"'-""'^
U3.74
a,
Pi
Ji^Sr;";:::::E:::;:::::::;:::::;;r"-
»
KenDebw
APMJHDIX T — EEPOKT OP HAJOB HILLER. 2
LUI tif ftM^M Oua arrUni of jSI. LimU dartefr tht year i«80— Contliiii«d,
LcoKlh. Brmdth, Dapth.
Keokuk Kn.l
toil*
Luik
M»oli
M»rtlnMlclu«l
•Ml^l.n^ " "
Ulseourl Sand Ornipuy, 'Sat. 1 to 4 -
MiniongaheU
MortoD *
Urwe
NelilBPMk
Now 8t. Lonlii Sud Cnnipuir, No. 7
OesidoDt ,
Ruhal
£. A. Speed, Kw. 3 lo 4
Bo-rer.SM. 1 ^
a
3
Enih Jir;'"'""';^!;;^";"!;;"!^!";!!!";!!!;;;
Sproad Baele
Swrling
Siran
SLJmnrw
St. Louia and HluEnlppl Puket Cnmpany, Koa, a, T
SI. LonlH and Miaaiaalppt Tallej Xmiapdrtattan Ctnnpiuiy:
Fi.
sa.sa
ira.os
iia.01
1. 137. 3D
1,113.47
1.12S.S3
iliesiTB
2108 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABHT.
I.i»t of hargrn tint arrirrH at fH . Lniiit Hiiritig (»< ymr 7iW— Cnntinnrf.
x.„„...
LaiKth.
Brf^m,. Do
...
trauci.
Fat.
■XT. 7
i:
227.-
P
iij
JWI. Ff.
Wu
M.O
38.0
37. 0
38.4
a&s
la
.»
'.9
.
'.
is
*
.
'.
'.
'.
'-■ ::;:"::;" :". .:.:::::..::::::.::::;:
!:SS
Z\. : :::"::.::::::.::;:;:::::::;:;::::;:::::::::::
!:AS
;;;;
inJS
•■•■■
i-™s
,;r:.: :::-..;:::: :::;:::::::::::;::::::::::::::
jU^
S"
1.SW.27
1.0I«S1
WmianHirrrli.ii
*i
'' ^.V.E.'.E''''".'..'.V.E'EE.V.^.'^'/EJ'/.'.'.' .^/^
5
f-1
3
^ 1 f
a -
f!
1
*XnllniDW
■* that arrfiYtf of St. LoaU daring lie yi
x™..
Length.
B»d(h.
DBpUi.
Gtm*
Ftft.
iji
mo
}:
Fttt.
Pi
FHt.
i
S
n
a
n
a
8.
/hI^w.:^:::::::;::::::::;::;:::::::::::::":":":::":::!
i:«';n5;-,SS':n£.::'eS,.i;™:::::::::::
MH'omilikV.i.*
Ii.ii.>>l.rr.n.li
i;,i:,T.tT.11 _
Saltfrnau, X.- 1 H».1 ;
W.Cnrfi
Tk™
Wliirnr
W.H. Itn™-,,- -..,.,. ;i In mU U,:w„\.v,„r,.UT~.
Zeni . ,
APPENDIX Y — ^BEPOST OF MAJOR MILLEE. 2109
Y3.
mPEOVEMENT OP HARBOK AT ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.
The river and liarbor act of IS88 contained a provision calling for an
examination and estimate for the improvement of St. Jjouis Harbor. A
report was submitted from this offtce under date of December 22, 1888,
for the improvement of the harbor at an estimated cost of $182,000. It
was recommended that this amount be expended in the portion of the
harbor below Bissells Point and above the Eads Bridge. In the river
and harbor act of September 19, 1890, the above amount, $182,000, was
appropriated for "improving tlie harbor at St. Louis, Mo."
The approved project consisted in a contraction of the width of the
river by hurdles for a distance of 13,000 feet to an average width of
2,000 feet, in order to remove some trouble due to middle bars, which
interfered with navigation.
Appropriations for the improvement of St. Louis Harbor had been
made as far back as 1836, and a longitudinal stone dike was built at
that time near the head of the present works by Capt. E. E. Lee, Corps
of Engineers. Other work done by the United States consisted in the
building of stone dikes normal to the current, in the closing of Cahokia
Chute, and the revetment and protection of the bank in Sawyer Bend.
Work under the present project was begun on March 13, 1891, and
completed as far as practicable on June 9, 1891. The work consisted in
the construction of 11 hurdles varying in length from 325 to 2,075 feet,
the total length of hurdle constructed being 12,400 linear feet. The
hurdles are numbered from the upper part of the work downstream.
Hurdle l^o. 5 was omitted, owing to the fact that it would have inter-
fered with the ferry landing, and a portion of No. 8, the outer end, was
left inc/omplete, owing to the depth of water. No. 5 will be built and
No. 8 completed during this working season.
No special difficulty, exce])t deep water, was encountered. At the
beginning of the work some interference from drift was met with, but
by sinking what had accunmlated above Hurdles 1 and 2 this was over-
come and the sunken drift served the purpose of wattling.
The work has been in position too short a time to form an idea of its
eflfect, but it will undoubtedly be of great benefit to this portion of the
harbor.
This is one of the few cases in wliich the amount asked for in a pre- *
liminary estimate has been appropriated, and the advantage of this
method of appropriating is shown by the immediate completion of the
work, thus avoiding the losses and unsatisfjictory results of incomplete
work. •
The amount expended*up to June 30, 1891, including outstanding
liabilities, was about $130,000, leaving a balance of about $50,000 avail-
able for completing the work and any extension or repairs which may
become necessary in the future. No further appropriation for this
estimate is need^.
The material used in the work was purchased in connection with that
for improvement of Mississippi Eiver between Illinois and Ohio rivers,
full details of which are given Jn tlie report on that work.
A portion of the repairs to the plant belonging to the improvement
of the Mississippi Eiver which was used on this work was paid for
from this appropriation and five new-model barges were c^>ntracted for,
but had not been finished at the close of the year, this being authorized
by approved project of September 30, 1890.
2110 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. a ARMT.
There are submitted herewith the reports of Mr. P. M. Carrifl^|
ant engineer, and Mr. John O. Hohnan; also plate in, by reft
which all details and particulars can be obtained.
The commercial statistics will be found iit the report on impi0i|
of Mississippi Eiver between Illinois and Ohio rivers. jj
Money statemefU. I
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 ^^4i^
June 30, 1891, amount exx>ended during fiscal year lOflp
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 7%i
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities $41.06
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts 20, 892. 17
J^
July 1, 1891, balance available SI,'
REPORT OF MR. D. M. CURRIB, ASSISTAlTr XNOINKSR.
St. Louis, Mo., Jume SO, J
Major : I have the honor to submit the foUowing report upon the improyen
the harbor of St. Louis, Mo., for the fiscal year ending June SO, 1891, and to
mit the report of Mr. John O. Holman, superintendent in local charge, whiel
tended to form part of it.
This work consists of a series of hurdles numbered 1 to 12, as shown on 1
companyiug sketch. No. 5 and 430 feet of the river end of No. 8 were not
The others aggregate 12,400 feet, and were finished, -with the exception of ww
This was placed to the sta^e of 12 feet above low- water on Nos. 9 to 12, an<
was sunk on Nos. 1 to 4^ which sufficiently checked the flow of water.
Reference is made to the accompanying report of Mr. Holman for farther d
PROCURING MATERIAL.
Brush, — Brush was procured by hired labor by a party organized under tb
supervision of Mr. CD. Lamb, whose report is transmitted with that of opex
for the geueral improvement or the Mississippi River between the Illinois an<
rivers, to which reference is made for details.
Piles. — Piles were i)rocured by contract, delivered at the work.
Siotte. — Stone was procured by contract, delivered on Qovemmeut barges al
ton. 111.
Other material was procured by contract, delivered at the supply depot. 1
Arsenal street, wheu needed in large quantities, and by purchase when only
quantities were required.
The steamer GeHcral Gillmore and other plant belonging to general improvem
this section of the river was used in connect ion with this work.
Very respec^ully, your obedient servant,
D. M. CURRLK,
A99%9iant Enfii
Maj. A. M. Miller,
CorpB of Engineers, U. S, A,
REPORT OF MR. JOHN O. HOLMAN, SUPBRINTKNDXHT.
8t. Louis, Mo., Jm4 30, j
Major : I have the honor to submit the follpwing report of the operatioiis i
prov'ing the harbor at St. Louis, Mo., for the fiscal year ending June 30, 189L
The project consists of 12 hurdles on the Illinois side, between the M
proach of the Merchants' Bridge and the head of Bloody Island. The hmdl
spaced 1,000 feet apart perpenaicnlar to the new river or shore line, which v
the river to a Width of 1,700 feet at No. 1, the upper hurdle, aod 9^200 &et at]
Pla^e 3.
cr,S. Enffiheer O/Tiae. Sf. Louts. Ma thdy I7,28S1.
rtiiual rti/jott tor fi}n ysaf ciiiUiiu June 30, 1891,
Jtifajor Corps otStt^ineers', V:<3.*A.
2112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
Y4.
IMPROVEMENT OF GASCONADE RIVER, MISSOURI.
The improvoniout of this stream has eonsisted iu the removal of ob-
structions to navijjatioii in the shape of leaning timber, snags, stiunps,
ete., and the construction of low wing-dams, to facilitate the passage of
boats over the shoals during low stages of water.
The work was bt^gun in 1880, and has been continxieil when funds
were availabh' up to the present time.
As the money apiu'opriated for this work was not available nntil late
in the fall, it was imimssible to do any work during the low-water sea-
son, and operations were postixmed until the following year. Up to
tlic close (»f the tisral year a suitable stage had not been obtained* con-
seijuently but little work was done, and that consisted in the i*epair of
phint and iu obtaining a supply of brush, stone, and timber to be used
in raising tlu» crest of dam at Pryor's Mill. A small force was employed
in quarrying stone and proi'ured 270 cubic yards, which was placed
ready for depositing iu Pryor's Dam when the stage of water will admit
of the work.
The dt^ails of the seascm's operations are 8ho\ni in the report of as-
sistant, Mr. J. W. Heaman, which is forwaixled herewith and to which
attention is invited.
The work has been of great benefit to navigation of the river, espec-
ially to the rafting interests, and the river is now in fairly good navi-
gable contlition from the mouth to Indian Ford.
No work has bct^n done on the stretch of river extending from Indian
Ford to Arlington, and which is in poor condition owing to leaning tim-
ber and snags. ^V large i>ortion of the railway ties, and some steam-
boat conmuTce, i)assover this ixution, and it would therefore seem desir-
able to remove these obstructions.
There are also a uumbtT of shoals between -tlie mouth aiid ludiain
Ford which need contraction works. At tlie shoals where such works
have been placiMl the conditions have Ixm'U so much improved that it
wimld seem to warrant a reasonable exiH^nditure for simihir works at
other localities.
With the funds now on hand it is pi*oiN)sed to raise the dam at Pr>"ors
Mill anil remove obstructions as far as they will admit. Witli the appro-
priation asked for tisr;il year ending June .*»0. 1803, it is pn>iM>sed to
clear th«' river of 4»bstnu*tions above Indian ImuhI and construct con-
trartiou works at such slu)als as mav seem most advisable.
«
The estimatril rost i»f this improvement was *ri(MHK». and the former
a])proiuiati«>ns arc —
1\V ;ut nt- ; By act of—
,Imii- II. is?>y> ^\000 ' ' Auijust .">. lSS«i $7,.V)0
M;iirli ;^. ISSl m.*HX> Au^riist 11. ISiSS 5,ert)
An-u^t L'. ls,v> 10,(KK> Soptomber IU, 1«K) 4,000
July .\ l.>si 5,000
Money state ment.
July 1. ISi'O. Iml.iiu'f inii*x]u'n4l('(l |4J7.6o
Amount ;ii»inoi»ri;itr<l l>y art approved SoptonilnT W, 1890 4.000.00
4, 427. ea
Janfi>»>. \X\H. aniouiii fxpnultMl iluriuj; ri»*i-al \oar 513.61
July 1, 1N>1. l»alaM«'«' inn \p« ui]««l :i.8St.04
^ Ainouui tli;it ranliipi-oiiiaMy rxpi'iMlfiliu ti><-aly4'arrutlin*;.Tum*30y 1^<03 IQ^OOOlOO
. >uituiittr<i ill r(iiii]ili;(Uf-«> Avitii ri(|uiri-uu'utii uf si'ctiuuBl2of river and
( bailor acts vi lMk> ami \^u.
A. survey to locate the hurdles waa made i\
tioa work was pliioed id my uh;Lrge.
Field work was begun March 13, and uoDtiDiiod without iDtorroptian uulil tJ
close of the apriug bimlboq, June 9. During tliiit period of ncurly 3 monUui all nf
the hotdlea were completed with the exception of no. 5, wlriuh wat omitted for the
lime being, to pTeserve a lnuding at Venice, and the river and of No. 8, wliora the
irfctBT was too deep for&vorablooonBtruction.
leogUi and woik perfonued on each hurdle is given in the Ibllowing table:
I, i inter
TabU ofvort done.
H,.„U„n«u.b«r.
Cor-
»lrucU-l.
Pllea.
DrlTBU
diVtl..
Slrine-
Mat truss,
mnil.
Wattling
St.
358
Ft.c.
B,4n
Sv.
103
S!i,S*S
TSJIM
10.000
i:»o
»,./"<.
^
2. ml
•■s
san
an
2M
io,oTa
U
M
B8.BM
101.300
«a,;iM
mTOO
iia,K5
111,200
hi; 800
0,800
*.ooo
n.m
S.5M
m.m
1,«I3
l,01i,3»
97,130
8(1.7M
The fonn of hurdle aud method of consttuotioD ware not abanged. Two r<
giloB were driven in each hurdle, 30 to 27 feet apart, according to tbe deptt of
The piles in the upi>or or drift row wore driveu 6 feet apart, the topa pnll
Kether with a lougitndinal atriugor bolted to them on the downHtreani side not
lower than the 3D-?oot stago. llie brace pile woe then driveu 6 or 8 feet below,
palled over to the stringer and bolted to It, Ibrmiiig a olump of 3 plks every 12 feet.
The hurdle row waa>drivoi) after the mattreaa wan sunk, tbe piles spaced 6 feet apart,
with the stringer on the up-stream side, to which were bolted tbe brace piles dnven
eTery t3foet. The hurdle waa strenguiened by croaa stringers placed at varying
intervals from the shore to the river end.
With the river at an 18-foot stage or lower tbe drift-row piles wore carried to thn
^'foot Btago, the stringer and hurdle piles to the 20-foot stage, changing with tba
river when above that stage.
For a length of 4U0 feet at the shore ends of Nob. 1, S, and 11, and 700 fi<
10, only the hurdle row was driven, the depth of wutor not requiring the drift row.
A woven niattroBB of brnsli, 65 feet in width, was pluced beluw the drift row. A'
the river cud of Nn. 3 and the shore end of No. 8 it wiui 80 feet iu width. A pcate<.
tion mattross for the shore end was plaee<l uii Nob. 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7. They vrl^re1n)Ul•]
I'OO feet long by 80 feet in width, half above and half below the hurdle row. A T>J
beiul mnttmu waa placed just ouinide of the river line on Nob. 3 to IS to proteutttta;
riv«r ends from Bcour. These ninttroasPB were 90 fi-et in length by 80 " " "■'
witli the upper edge 30 feet above the line of the drift
4
it iu tvidlh,!
Ripmp was placed at the shore oud of all the hunlles to protect them from s< . _
during n high atnge of tbe river, the extent of revetjjient placed varying from S,lSllfl
to 11, w) Bquue feet, ocvordiug to the nature of the bank protected. |
On the tower hurdles. Nos. 9 to 12, the current was checked by a wattling mattreaa
placed against the hurdle-row piles. These mattresses were made in leugths of about
200 (^t> the width varyiug with the depth of water, so that when placed in on np-
right position the upper edge would be at the 13-foot stage. Oo the upper hurdles.
NoH. 1 to 4, the current waa greatly checked by sinking the drift wood collected
above them.
Only a few of the foremen and enough laborers to t^ike care of the plant in rainy
weather were aubsiated. The maximum number of persons umidoyed waa 470, dur-
ing tbe Utter part of A;pril.
A sketch of the locality arcompauying tliis report shuvrs the location of the work j
done.
Tory respectfully, your obedient Hurvant,
JgUN 0. HoutAS,
SaptriitlatKtvnU
Ui^. A. U. HnxEB,
Corpt a/ Enginewt, U.S. A.
2112 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABBIT.
Y4.
IMPROVEMENT OF GASCONADE RIVER, MISSOURI.
The improvement of this stream lias consisted in tlie removal of ob-
stinictions to navitration in the shape of leanin^i: timber, snags, stumps,
etc., and the I'onstnu'tiim of low wing-dams, to facilitate the passage of
boatii over tlie slioals dnring low stages of water.
The work was begun in 1880, and has been continued when fiiuds
were avaihiblt* up to the present time.
As the nuuiey appropriated for this work was not available until late
in the fall, it was impossible to do any work during the low-water sea-
son, and (»]>eral ions were postponed until the following year. Up to
the close of the tisral year a suitable stage had not been obtained, con-
sequently but little work was done, aiul that consisted in the repair of
])lant and in obtaining a supply of brush, stone, and timber to be used
in raising the crest of dam at Wvor's Mill. A small force was employed
in quarrying stone and procured 270 cubic yards, which was placed
ready for depositing in Pryor's Dam when the stage ofwater will admit
of tlie work.
The details of the season's operations are shown in the report of as-
sistant, Mr. J. W. Beaman, which is forwarded herewith and to which
attenti(m is invited.
The work has been of great benefit to navigation of the river, espec-
ially to the rafting interests, and the river is now in fairly good navi-
gable contlition from the mouth to Indian Ford.
No work has been done on the stretch of river extending from Indian
Ford to Arlington, and which is in poor condition owing to leaning tim-
ber and snags. A large jKn^tion of the railway ties, and some steam-
lH>at commerce, pass over this iH)rtiou, and it woidd therefore seem desir-
able to remove tliese obstructions.
There are also a number of shoals between -the mouth aiid Indian
Ford which iuhhI contraction works. At the shoals where such works
have been place<l the conditi<ms have be<'n so nmch impn»ved tliat it
would seem to warrant a reasonable cxix^nditure for simitar works at
other localities.
With the fun«ls now on hand it is pniposed to raise the dam at Prj'ors
^lill and remove obstruetions as far as they will admit. With the appro-
]n'iation askt'd tbr lisrul year entling June MK 1803, it is proiH)seil to
elear thr vivi-r of obstruetions above Indian Ford and ctmstruct con-
trartioii \\orks at such shoals as may soem nu»st atlvisable.
The estimated rost of this impi*ovement was J?r»0,(XKK ami the former
a]>iu*o]>riaiions are —
I\v act •»!' i By act of —
.fiuir II. ISSO ^j\000 ] * Aii^iisi .">. 1Sn> fT^.^iOn
Marrb :i. l.vsi \{\(m ' Aiijriist 11, ISSS 5,00i>
AnuMist l». issi> 10,000 . September 19, 1890 4,000
Juiv r». l>^si 5,000
Money i<taU'ment.
July 1. ISIH». iMlanoe uiu'XiMMKled 4427.65
Amount approiniatt-d by art approved September 19, 1?<90 4,000.00
4, 427. es*
,Ian«';>*», 1S«U, amount rxpondt'd during risi-al year M3.61
July 1, 1SI»I. balanrr un.vprndtd a.884.tU
^
\ Amount that eanb«-])ii»ni:i)>]y rx]»rn<b'd intisrnIyearrndiiij^.Tuue30, IHKi IQ^OOOlOO
< subniittid in i i)Tn|i1ianf-t> Aviiii iLtiuiremoutEi of sections ^of river and
( harbor acts of I>i>G and iJjCT.
t'b Mi
BltPORT OP HS. J. W. BEAUAM, ASeiSTAKT EKODIEKS.
.rEFFi;Hw>N- CiTT. Mo., Jime SO. 1S9L
Ma i"!"- I I. n '- I in I J In . I. iiiiii ! r hi' I'.j lll■^ in- 1 1 ]nirt upon the improvenienl of "I
".. I. ■!. .,■,... li . I .iiricJuneSO, 1891. ■
>!;■■:,. i ■ . ■ L II 111^' the latter put of Jnneuf 1
III'- l.'-i I'-' II ■■■II ii '■; !■■' II i^-^ - "" I il'V, two men w«re uupluyed f
111 lU i-:|i«o iM'iii .iiU.i i II II 111 .-Wi^iiiii. LI. 1 ;]>..>> ilti.< liilter dnte, thu plant bavinK I
livi^u rcpiuiuil, it wan pliiueil in cliurge ufa muIi^Iiuulii uud the repairiiig foruu 'WM ■
dbohM'god.
On Mny 1. in aoeordiinoo with verbul ti
flalboat nnil tools in order I'or work projootud ut Pryor'i
were occnpind until M»y 16.
On this dat« thu iinprovcniont plant in cLarce of two mun wiui tukun in tow by I
boat jHmha and towml to the foot ol' Prior's Iidand, Tho work of ijuitrryiiia nn'fe 1
comnmnocMl'Mtiy 18 und cuiitinuod iip bi tli<> 36th of June, Uiirlii); Ihie tiniu 2T8j
aallie yards of rin'k was qiiiirried anil placed re»dj- I'ur depusitiiiK in Pryor'H daui 1
wben the Mtugo uf water will ivdiiiit of tlio huii)«. I
WImd the water, whii^h is now aliout 2} feut deep ou the otest of the dam, ahall 1
luv« &lIeD somewhat the dam at Trvor's MUl will be lepaired by plaring rook, tiia- I
hox, and brash where needed, bu hb to raise the slrurture not to exi-eiKl IR iuehea I
above Mm present height of dam, With thia 'addjtioo it is expected that sufficient 1
rat«r will be deflected into the left chute us to render it navigable at a loiror atAga 1
<f til6 river Iban under the preseut condition is "~'-
Upon the completion of the work projected t
Oascouade Biver will leqnim the employmei '
otlior wofk unto the close of the working si^ili
Attention has been called by the Hermann 1'
didun of the r' ' ' ....
Nothing has ev
Furd, which is 78 miles above the montn.
k large part of the railway ties rufted, and some steamboat commerce, pass ovce
this upper river: it is therefore desirable thot the overhanging trees br mmovud
fruni tBB dvannol banks und that the enags be removed &om tho channel wuy so I
Uwt those interested may lie protected. I
The uiesaut high water will probably deposit snags in the channel and so uiidiTr- J
■nine tuo banks in the bends aa to cause some needed i^ork of removal of snags froiik I
tbA slboals Mid overhanging trees fi;om the banks, along the whole course of tho rii "
dnring the Dext low-water season.
A ttllUlber of shoals between the month of the river and Indian Ford need c
traction works as soon as there is sufficient money available for their oonatrurtion. I
Tho tline Bho»tn where such works have been placed show sneh an improved eondl- 1
tiuu of channel depth as to warriint n renaonnble expenditare of money for like 1
works at other shoals where tho etmnnel way has become bo wide as to render its |
iiavii!»ii<>u dilhcult at the lower stages of the river.
Fur ^1. ijLiii J ii)'. r iiii.us and Contraction works upon the hundred miles of river
beliMi 'III' I'ould be nx(iond«i to ailvantagt'.
T1j< I ( 'oinpuiiy thia report indicate a houltliJul condition of river
trad'-. ' " ' t>'"''eotud and fostered.
\ ■ 1 ■. .L.-ji' ■ ! iiill.v, yottr obedient servant,
J. W. Be AM AN.
UiO- A. M. MiLLKR, Ainstant Eagifieer.
CorjH of Euj/iiKtrs, D. S. A.
t Pryor Mill, other portions of tllS I
t of a small party in snugging and I
in November next. r
y and Pariket Compnny to the con- |
r channel and banks abovn Indian Furd and below Arlington. L
ir been done by the GoTernmont to improve tho river above Indian J
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS, GASCOS/lBS RIVER,
aissouBi.
Fl™lr«rflndlng-
Jouesa.um.
Juneao, 1891.
33
flSB
I^IU
2S.085
Hi
2114 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. a. ARMT.
Li»t of •team-power hoaU engaged i% oommeree on Gaeoonade Biver dturimg ike
June 30, 1891,
Name.
Length.
Bnadtl!.' I>epai.
GroH
Pin Oak
FmL
95.0
85.6
57.0
85.0
FmL
17.5
2i.O
lOLO
18.0
a.0
2.5
ILO
41.55
Roval
4^tt
Jiimbo
SuOO
Fawn
T105
Y5.
mPROVEMENT OF OSAGE RIVER, lOSSOURL
The project for the improvement of this stream has consisted in Uie
removal of obstructions to navigation, such as snags and leaning tim-
ber, dredging channels through shoal places, and the constractJAm
of cross and wing dams to concentrate the water over shoal places.
The construction of a lock and dam near the mouth was also anfluiiued
by the last river and harbor act.
But little work was done during the year, owing principally to Uie
late date at which the new appropriation became aviulable.
The worst obstruction to navigation during the year was at Bienneke
Shoal where the low water cau^ serious trouble. Sevend attempts
were made to overcome the difficulty, but before they were sacceasfid
sudden rises in the river rendered further efforts unnecessary.
A personal examination of this river firom the mouth to Warsaw, a
distajice of 174 miles, was made in March, 1891. The river was finind
to be in good navigable condition and but few obstructions were observed
in the channel. Above Tuscumbia the banks are covered with over-
hanging trees which should be removed. There is but little naviga-
tion of the river above Tuscumbia by large boats, so that a large ex*
penditure for the improvement of this i>ortion of the river would not
be warranted.
A report on proposed location of lock and dam on this river, near its
mouth, with estimate of cost, also tracing showing plan, elevatioDy and
sections, was forwarded during the year.
The general dimensions of the lock proposed are as follows:
Total length feet.. tt0|
Width do...
Miter sill to miter sill .....do...
Spring of arch to head of lower recess do...
Lift do... 8|
This loi'k will conveniently pass a boat 240 feet in length over all
and 48 feet in bi*eadth over all,thusbeingof ample size to accommodate
any boat navigating the river.
The proposed dam is 800 feet long.
The efteet of this lock and dam will be to give an unintermpted
channel of 4 feet for the whole year from the mouth to Dixon Shoaly a
distance of -0 miles.
The estimated cost of the lock and dam is as follows:
Lock «i4i,i3aai
Dam 96^5ffi.a
Land and keeper's dwelling 3,500.00
Engineering and contingem-ies 17^001.10
Total 187,914.00
Estunates are being prepared of the cost of a series of locks and dams
desigiied t« give depths of 4 teet aud 6 feet, reapectively, for navigation
in tius river.
Gauges were established at Oeage City and Brenneke Shoal, and a
series of discharge observations were oiMnineni.ed at the latt«r locality.
The details of the work are given in tlie report of Mr. J. W. Beainao,
assistant engineer, forwarded herewith.
The readings of the gauge at Tascnmbia were kept up daring the
year, and are given in the accompanying table.
The work done has been of great benefit to the navigation of the
river, rendering it safer and also enabling steamboats to navigate it at
lower stages of water than formerly, aud tending to prolong the boating
seasons.
Daring the coming season it is proposed to expend the amount a)i-
]>ropriat«d for snagging in tlie last river and harbor act in that manner,
and of the amount appropriated for lock and dam as much as may be
necessary' for gauging the river and acquiring the land required, the
remainder to be retnined until further appropriations amount bi the
estimated cost of lock, or «14l»,000.
Of the amoaut asked for fiscal year ending June 30, 1893, it is pro-
posed to expend $10,000 in removing obstructions, dredging, and build-
ing wing dame when found necessary, and $100,000 in constructing
lock.
Tlie (bnner appropriations are :
■Xtit—
Maioh 3, 18T1
Jiiiio 10, D<T2
Muuh s. im
J«ii« S3, 1874
=" i« 18, 1878
'Oh 2,1879
nnn
•'t
fKKI
rtOft
2'i 000 1
A
IKK) 1
20 000 1
By ftct of— ,
June 14, IBSO 830, (K¥)
Mnrch3, 1881 ai.lM")
AuKiwts, im in,(»0
AngnsUl, 18S8 5,000
September 19, 1890 55,000
I
Money statement.
Jiinf 30, 1801, amoiint Expended diirint; liB'-n-l year ..
July 1, 1891, balance n
Jn]y 1, 1891, balance available '. 54,0*9.86
{A.mi>nnt (estimated) required for completion or lock Olid dam L17,344.00
Amount that can be profltabl^oxpendedisliacal year oiidinK.riniu30,lSt)3 110,000.00
Submitted iu compliauce with requirements of sootioUB 3 of rivor and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
F jRirKKKSON CrTY, Mo., JunsSO, tS9I,
I MaJoB: 1 have tbe bonor lu submit the fuDowinu ruijort apuu the imptovemsnt of
I the Onag« Biver, Missouri and Kansas, for the lUcal year enduiB June 30, 1891:
I No river improvement work proper has been doa« npon the Ouage Rivei u
[ raUufl8S9.
KKTOBT OP K
ASSISTANT ENQBtEKB.
1
2116 BEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMY. ,
In October, 1890, there was snch a shallow depth of water over Bresmeke Shoal as
to occasion serious trouble and loss to the Missouri and Osage Biver Packet Linoy and
the attention of your office was called to the matter. After much difBcolty experi-
enced in the effort to secure men and teams to work in the cold water, three men and
two teams began work November 10. In former years gravel deposits hare been
removed from the channel way by road scrapers drawn by horses or mules. The same
plan was tried at Brenneke Shoal. It was found, however, upon driving the teams
upon the shoal that thoy mired to their bodies, rendering work impossible, and the
attempt was abandoned^ and the men were discharged November 12. A rise in the
river a few days later relieved the difficulty.
In January the water was again so low that Capt. R. M. Marshall^ of the Missouri
and Osage River Packet Line, by letter of January 17, called attention of your office
to the grounding of one of their steamboats on the shoal, and a request for some re-
lief was made. Arrangements were then made with the Missouri and Osage River
Line to remove the deposit with one of their steamboats. Before the company had
perfected its x>roparations to l>ogin work a rise in the river again relieved the diffi-
culty.
Again in March the water was so low as to cause the grounding of a barge loaded
with gravel, which was taken over the shoal after a delay of 24 hours.
On March 21 there was a rise from backwater from the Missouri, followed by a
head rise, since which date there has been an excellent boating stage for the smaUer
Osage River boats and for most of the time for boats of the size of the Selenm and
Benton.
Between March 24 and 27 an examination of the river was made from its month to
Warsaw, a distance of 174 miles. In this examination, which was mad» under yonr
immediate personal direction, the steamer Helena was utilized. The river wasfoond
to be in goo<l uavigable couditiou throughout the whole distance passed over. The
stage of water as indicated by the gauge at Osage City was 8 feet above standard
low water on March 27.
There has been no improvement work done upon the river above Tnacombia ainee
1883. As a consetiucnoe the banks are covered in places with overhanging trees
which should be removed in order to make navigation more safe for the larger river
boatft ; still there is very little navigation of the river by large boats above Tnscnmbia,
and the necessities of commerce would not warrant a very large outlay of money in
the improvement of this upper portion of the river.
At a few points below Tuscumbia there are upon the banks some overhanging trece.
At Moore Flats and lioskins Shoal on March 24 there were a few stumps and snags
lying in the channel way, which should be removed if still there at the next low
water.
The chief river obstruction as developed by the examination and previons com-
plaint is the gravel deposit at Brenneke Shoal. This deposit will cease to be
an obstruction as soon as the lock and dam projected has been completed at the foot
of the shoal.
Upon November 24, in accordance with your letter of instructions of November
20, I prooeoded to Louis>iIle, Ky., and afterwards to Mt. Carmel, 111., and at
these points obtained working drawings of the lock and dam under construction in
the Wabasli Kiver near Mt. (^armel. In this work I was engaged until Decem-
ber 24, when I returned to my station at Jefferson City. A complete set of worUog
drawings were obtained and duly transmitted to your otlice on Uei'ember 31.
In accordance with verbal instructions upon April 1 a small force was employed
to repair and launch the datboats at Lisle To^^'n Landing, and in moving the Osage
River improvement plant to Hrenneke Shoal. At this point a gauge was established
and a basi* line surveyed, and observations commenced for the determination of
river discharge. These observations have continued up to the close of the year, and
will continue until the lowest stages of the river have been observed.
In March the gauge at Osage City wa6 repaired and an observer was appointsd
who has kept a record of the gauge readings at 8 a. m. daily since March 5.
In conclusion it may be stated that $5AK.K) will bo sufficient to keep the riTer in
good navigable condition during the next 2 years. Ample provision ahonld be
made so that the projected look and dam at the foot of Brenneke Shoal may be com-
pleted at the earliest praetieable day.
Very resju'ct fully, your obedient servant,
J. W. Bkaman,
AMUtani £%gii
Maj. A. M. MiLi-r.K.
Co/j>» o/ Eiujimcrs, U, 6, A»
2118 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. &. ABUT.
1
Y 6.
IMPROVEMENT OF KASKASKIA RIVER, ILLINOIS.
The iinprovenieiit of this stream cou templates the removal of snags
aud other obstructious from the channel and the deepening of the river
over the shoals and bars by means of dredging and excavating firom the
mouth to the Baldwin Bridge.
An examination and survey of the river, with a view to its improve-
ment, was made in 1888, and the first appropriation of $6,000 was con-
tained in the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890.
As the low water season had passed by the time the project for the
expenditure of this amount was approved it was decid^ to post|)oue
operations until the low- water season of the coming year, so that uo
work was done on this improvement for the fiscal year endinjf Jnne 90,
1891.
With the amount recommended to be appropriated for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1893, it is proposed to complete this improvement as
contemplated. The estimated cost of the improvement was $10,600.
Money stat-ement
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 $6^000.00
July 1, 1891^ balance unexpended 6,000.00
Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project
Amount that can be profitably expended in ti»cal year ending June 90,1893
Submitted in compliance with requirementa or sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
4,500.00
4,500.00
COMMERCTAL STATISTICS, KASKASKIA RIVKR, ILLINOIS, 1890.
Coal m
CordwcMxl and lainWr 2,196
Flonr. i;raiii,eti- 5^817
Mt^n'liuuiliiio • 4M
Total T "lk«S
List of steam-power boats engntjvd in i^ommerce on Kaskaskia River, lUimaii, dmin§ fftt
year tHdiny Ih-cember 31 j 16'00,
Name.
JjCDgOk.
Bntdth.
D^th.
Gma
I)oIi)liiu
Feet.
13S.8
00
143. S
100
194
22.8
10
28.S
18
22
•
Ft§L
4.8
8
4.4
4
4.2
UCM
LiitlcNiik :
14.21
Murv M . M u'luu'l
SU.4I
>iicU StuuT
•BL27
K. A. Si»ef<l
llfllU
APPENDIX Z.
IMPEOVEMENT OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN DE8 MOINES RAPIDS
AND MOUTH OF ILLINOIS RIVER.
BEPOBT OF MAJOR E. H. BUFFNEM, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER IN
CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE SO, 1891, WITH OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORK,
IMPROVEMENT.
1. Mississippi River between Des Moines Rapids and mouth of Illinois River.
EXAMINATION.
2. Mississippi River at Warsaw, Illinois^ with a view of removing bar.
Zi.
improvebient of mississippi river between des moines rapids
and mouth of illinois river.
United States Engineer Office,
Quincy^ 111.^ July 8, 1891.
General: The following report of operations for the fiscal year end-
ing June 30, 1891, for improving Mississippi Eiver between the Des
Moines Bapids and the mouth of the Illinois Biver is respectfully sub-
mitted. The year began with a good stage of water in the river and
with a balance of funds on hand sufficient to justify some work of con-
struction.
Accordingly it was decided to begin the works of improvement de-
signed for Cottonwood B^Bach, 2 to 5 miles above Quincy. After prep-
arations were made and material gotten, the water fell so that it was
only possible to put in shore protections. Two pieces, aggregating 1,660
feet in length, at the foot of Cottonwood Island and consuming —
Rock onbio yards.. 2,446.4
Brash do... 1^417.2
Total do... 3,862.6
And one strip of 2,600 feet on the Illinois shore opposite containing —
Rock cubic yards.. 4,089.6
Brush do... 2,328.0
Total do... 6,417.6
And a beginning of the shore protection for a long wing dam higher
up, taking —
Rock cubic yards.. 190.7
Brush do... 25.0
T0X9X do... 216-T
« f
2120 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARHT.
exbrtustod the appropriation available, and work eloRed. In all, 4,400
\W\ V)t'sh«nv protection wore laid dnrin^ tlie season, 4*on^(nn^nJ;<: 10,49G
t'ubir yards oliuaterial. Tliis is less than 2i eubie yinxls to the mu-
niii^ foot, and less than onr nsual .averagre/but it stands well, holds
\\\o bank, and appears to be perfectly satisfactory. Complaint was nuide
in An«:nst that navijration was impeded, although the gange read not
less than a foot higher than in 1889, and not less than 4 feet depth was
fonnd over the slioalest bars. The river rose slightly in September
and Oeto])er, and no difficulty was expepenced. At no time was one
bar markedly worse than another. To complete the repairs on our
lleet, bids were invited for redecking the six model barges, and the fol-
lowing is the abstract of proposals:
.Ihstrort of proposah for repairs to model bar^eSf opened at S p. m., July 18, JS90, fcjf
Maj, E, H, Buffner.
No.
1
•>
!<
4
r»
G
Name and a<1dresA of bidder.
Price.
KemarkB.
1
r 1^ lIiMik :iiul T. S. A«1aiii!«. Ouinov. Ill
$r>.9io
7. t^"il>
il. 1l. "MuF'':!!! C!1inti>ii. liiwu
T (r r>(ht>rw(NNl l.r ( 'lairt* Iowa
4 *.^K)
Martin Von Hriii. Lc riaire. Iowa
Ivjililki- J?n)tlu'r8. llo^^i Island. Ill
3. OThi Accepted and conlraoi made.
742 F«ir vaoli. for two or three Inrfea.
9,300 1
J«>lm 1*. noisier. Rix'k I.nluud, 111
Mr. Von TTein duly completed his contract^ and tlie barges are now
in t^xcellent condition. To stvure material for the seascm of 1801, bids
Avere invited and opened January 8, 1891, with the following abstract:
Jhstravt for propofiah for furnishinff rock and hruah during tht^ season of 1891, opened by
Maj. E. If. linffncry Corps of Engineers, at QHrncg, III., at 2 p. «., January 1, 1801.
Vo
Name and addresa of
Rock.
BniAh.
- iH<ldt>r.
Tarda.
Price.
Place of deliveiy.
Yards.
Price.
Place of deliTay.
Cents.
1 E Kimniell Ouincv. HI . .
19.000
40
Canton.
I
2 n. P. IVMljrr, Atlas, Pike
19, (XH)
fO.74
Louisiana, Mo
11,000
49
Scott Landing.
Count V. 111.
11,000
89
On river bankSooU
Landing.
3
Grafton Qnarry Co.. St.
I.'ini". Mo.
19,000
.45
Grafton. 111.
4 Ti.'.l. ri(k W. :Mt«nke.
2.000
.ei
Qiiincy, HI.
giiinv>. lll.»
:\, 000
.69
Do.
r. ll.i.l. r.josi * KUort.
10. 04M)
.tej
La Gniiige, Mo.
t,)uinov,lll.*
6 llrnrv L. Hart, Louisiana.
Mo>
7 , (•li:i>. (\ Pratt an*l i:.»lit.
19,000
.Mi
Louisi.ina, Mo
11.000
20i
I/Oul:«iana, Mo.
19,000
.r>r>
l>o.
W. Yonnc l-nni^iana.
Mo.
8 Goo. J. TlbiTt.l^iinrv. Ill*
2.000
2. i>iH»
.70
Quincy. HI.
do
l> HannilnlLimrCo., Ilau-
nannibal. Mo.
nilul. Mi».*
10 Z.ii'k FiiMor, Uiinnilial,
, Mo.
.'i.OOO
.60
Do.
19. 000
.70
Louisiana. Mo.
1
:u. oiH)
.M
La Granf^e and
Quincy.
11 P.itti'r"<nn Brofl, Ke*^knk,
lO.OiK)
.7.1
5 niilt'A below
j Iowa.
2,(H10
.8.-.
l^ouisiana. Mo.
KtKtkuk. Iowa.
12 : Wm. C. Swanwirk, Koo-
5.000
1.00
Hannibal. Mo.
knk, Iowa.
2.->.000
1.25
I<a Grange, Mo.
13 Jo•^^»o G. Fox. Camian,
10,000
86
oetwoen Keokvk
ni.*
•BdQnIiiQy.
* Accepted I contnot mad*.
— heport op major ruffner. 2121
Tbe-se coutraets Dot famiflhiii^ enough rock for the season's work, f'ur-
tlu't'ii<lv<Tti!«ciueDt. was bad and proposals invited for !!0,l>Oi)('nhii' yards,
'f h«- tiitlowiitg is the abstract: ,
Xm. lrime'.nd.ildr«.rfliUflBr.
iSK.'
Friee.
OiMtjiara,.
Otnta.
1.1, 1)W
Contract with Messrs. Tigue & Mf Claffrey to deliver 10,000 cubic yards
of MKik on the barge, at Keokuk, Iowa, was entered into.
To carry out the clause in the appropriation bill providing fordredg-
iriK in Quincy Bay, bids were invited by advertisement dated December
6, IrtSO, and opened January 6, 18111. The following is the abstract of
propnsnU:
ir*
Nw»iuidi«Mm
MofWddar.
^^
(knU.
\
Contract was entered into with Mr. H. S. Brown, who began work as
eu'l^ in the spring aa was feasible and carried it on with his usnal
vigor. He IB engaged in carrying oat the project of 1S79, and the
present contract will, with the amount allotted ($12,.'>00), deepen all
areas near the Qnincy Bay Bridge and in the channel through Wliipple
or Cedar Creek Bar sufficiently for present needs of navigation. The
remaining 412,500 will be reserved for the present. Mr. Brown dug
.^,7tJ3A cubic yards up to June 30, 1891, about a third of his contract.
It is my especial reconmiendation that jjonnission be grant^ to use
.so much of the $12,500 reserved for Quincy Bay as may be necessary t<>
ntnstrnct a retaining levee on Whijiple Cn«k Bar to hold the material
dredged from the bay itself. The <^ontinual dredging of large quanti-
ties of material in Quincy Bay and depositing it in the main river is a
positive damage to the latter. The levee proposed will also catch and
retain material brought down the two creeks named, and which, espe-
cially after heavy storms, materially contributes to tilling up the dredged
The area proposed to be leveed i.s submerged at all but low stages of the
water, and liea within the harbor lines. I4o ex])ense should be incurred
by the United States for acquirement of title, as I believe the patent for
the land in question was never made out and the title probably rests
in the United States. If the levee be constructed and subsequently
dredging be required, the material can be deposited in the basin (treated
and the bay will be benefited without injuring the river. No further
appropriation for dredging in Quincy Bay is needed for the present.
OF THE OHIEP OP ENOrNEERS, V. 8.
OLASKSTTLLB HABBOB, MISSOITRT.
[airing a^H^^
To carry oat tlie clause in the river and Larbor bill requiring t
pen jltnre of lH6,000 as recommended by me, the United States dredge Vo.
2 was set at work there the last week in March, assisted by the latmch
Iris and steamer Sfonarch, hired for that purpose, and dug gravel along
the front of ClarksviUe and above and below the town. The material
varied very much in character, and in places was almost rip-rap. Bnt
again in many places it was but little better than sand and mud. Had
the river remained at an average stage, instead of di'opping in June to
the lowest and next to the lowest place on the gauge, I jtiesuaie more
of the material dumped on the line of the dam would have leraaiued.
Ab it woH the fall gave a strong scour and much was carried below the
dam. The dredge sufl'ered many accideuts, and can not be said to have
mttde as good a showing as it has made when newer. Work contJnued
until the end of June, when the dredge was moved elsewhere. In all,
there were dug and dumped upon the line of the dam, l,<iOO feet long, from
the head of Chirksville Island to the Illinois shore, 36,203 cubic yards
of eand, tnud, gravel, and rock. Probably one-fourth of this vaa en-
tirely washed away, and another fonrth is carried below the liue of the
dam. The remainder makes a good, solid dam, as far as it goes. The
gap not filled by the dredge will be filled by the usual biiish and rock
dam, and when the low stage of water comes scrapers will be hired to
distribute sui'plus material regularly along the dam, which will thus be
widened and leveled as a causeway. Somewhat more than a third of
the dam was raised above a 3j-foot stage by the dredge alone, and there
is enough material available to level the whole when the time comes.
The Success and half of our barges, under charge of AssiMt'Jvut Engi-
neer A. L. Kichards, started work during the last week In Mai-eh, and
have been steadily engaged with reasonably good results. The con-
tractor for material at Louisiana fumiRhed rock and brush very
promptly except daring June. A cutting bank behind Buffalo laland,
where some work was done in 1887, waw held by 518 cubic yanls m
rock, and then the fieet protected the sn>a1I tow-head at the foot <^
Hickory Chute, running a short dam to lower Fritz Island, a« recom-
mended by the Board of Engineers for Hickory Ohute. Work thea
began on the protection of the shore necessary to secure the Sny laJsoid
Levee, as provided for in the appropriation bill. This stretch of abont
3 miles begins at Scott's Landing, and all but abont 2,600 feet of it was
secured by June 30, when the fleet was transferred to Olarksvllli "^
already noted. Particulars as if) material will be found in the]
later on. The fleet put in 24,313^ cubic ynrds material in 3 mont]
2 days,
The Coal Bhi;ff and the remainder of the deet have been emplt^
Cottonwood Island Reaeh, 3 to 5 miles above Quincy, with Ovet
George Wolcott in charge. The rebuilding of the wheel of that boot,
the last of the repairs on it, delayed beginning until April 9, whw
barges were delivered near quarries and men set to work cutting bniflb.
Material came slowly, as contractors were not prompt, having only smfttl
contracts, and not until June was a goo<l showing ma^Ie. Cottonwood
Island was connected with the Illinois shore by a closing dam 1,126 feet
long, built on a high bar, at a good stage of the river. A short dam 250
feet long unites the two paits of Cott^titwood Island, and a shore protw-
tion 650 feet long was carried arouud the head of the eastern half of tJ»
island. The building of a long wing dam, began last year, £ ""^
niinoiH shore new the toot of the next ialand up the river, was resumed.
I'hiB dam in !,7(HI liwt hmg, hut as it i<>st» in whallow wat^r doPH not
consume much material. The »horo protection of the cutting hank op-
posite on the Missouri side wan then hegnu and was abont three-fourths
flntshed when the month <ilosed. With this piece all is done contem-
plated in this reaeh for this season. Lone Tree Crossing is better, this
year than for several p»st, the channel being straight and deep. The
stage of water this spring was especially favorable for work in this reach.
For 45 days the gauj^e read between 10.5 feet and 11.7 feet, not varying
more than 1-t inches, and the Rtage waa the best posfiihle for the cliar-
acter of the work. The dams were cheaply, atwtirately, and Muceesafnlly
built and desirwl scour owmrred as the river fell. The following table
abowB work done and material usetl by the two tieets.
id thort prolretioni built ia 1S9I hy Ike fieeU of the Suceeat and Coal Bluff torn
Kd thort prolretioni I
inta aboFS nateatlon ..
Ihala Tcnr-bad prolecl
tmnEory OhnteTow-lxMidelociBg
Sny taUnd Levas ihan pmteoHs
CotUiXnrooA Island shors protecl
WiDK duu opjawlto Tout of Eogl
Shoiv fmteeituo. MiHonil ahun uppoalte
Eogbook iBluDd, IQIiidIs ihiR* .
M8,S
1,441.1)
4flT.3
417.8
I
'ms
Excepting a short time in August, ISOO, navigation has been reason-
ably satisfactory, there being never less than 4 feet on the shoalcat
bars. But as the work of improvement progresses very slowly owing
to the limited appropriations, there are so many untouched portions of
the river that each year the same difUcnIties arise. Thus far we have
control of the river only at certain places; at many others it remains as
it always has, and in- these tJie channel shifts continually and exceed-
ingly. Conld there be enough appropriated at once to control stretches
like Tnlly Island, Moziers and Hamburg, Sterling Island, Fritz Island,
and others, we might begin to look forward to a possibility of deepen-
ing the channel. Bnt until the channel is first reasonably under con-
trol no additional depth can be looked for. The items for this district
have been so reduced and diverted to points not connected with the
general plan of improvement that the net amonnt available is hardly
enough for 1 year's operations, even on a moderate basis. The present
appr^riation will not allow of any construction by contract work, and
only «iOO,000 is available for the navigation proper for 2 years. Not
less than double the recent appropriations would sufBce to carry on this
work with efficiency. The fleet of this district has no winter harbor
belonging to it, havingbeen wintered heretofore atdifferent places and at
ttnneces«a[y risk. It needs also a marine railway at least 135 feet long
on which to be repaired from time to time. I specifically ask for $5,00U
for this purpose and to pnrchase or lease a suitable frontage somewhere
for harbor jnirposea.
4
4
2124 REPORT OF THE CniEF OF ENQIXEERS, U. S. ABBlT.
^fonrlf statement,
July'l, mM\ linlniirft nnexpoiuliMl $2r*. 142.00
Aiuuiitit a])|»rni)riatiMl by act ajiprnviMl Sf|it<*iiilM-r f!t, IMH) ItiTt, iNHMIO
190, 142. 00
J line 30, 1891 , amount expoinled during fiscal year 68, 801. 00
Julv 1, l«i>l, balance uncxpouded 121«a40.91
July 1, 18in, outstanding liabilities ^, laU. 77
Julv 1, 1891, amount oovoxod bv uncompli'tt'd routvacts 27,507.64
34,202.41
July 1, 1891, balance availalde 87,138.50
Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project Unknown.
Amount that can be ])i-ofit ably expended in fiscal y ear ending June 30, 18it3 300, 000.00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of' sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
Very respectfiilly, your obedient servant,
B. H. BUFFI^B,
Major of Engineem.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U. 8. A.
REOPENING WILLOW SLOUGH, OR SOME OTHER GHANNSI*, FBOX
>nSSISSlPPI RIVER TO QUINCY BAY, ILLINOIS.
[Printed in House Ex. Doc. No. 284, Fifty-flret Congreiw, seoond seMloii.]
Engineer Office, U. S. Abxt,
Quvwyj lU.j December 23j 1890.
General: I respectfully forward lierewitb, through the Division
Engineer, my ro]>ort on the examination of Willow Slough as required
by the river and harbor a<*t of 1890, aceompanied by the following
papers :•
Plat of Willow Slonijh and direct canal.
Sheet of protilos of the same. . ^
Fourteen shoots of oross Hoctions.
Printed sheet, jjeiieral map, sheet 2.
Printed slieet. |j:eueraj map, sheet 2,
Blue print, (^ninry Bay<8UOwinff dredgin^j 1881.
Tracing, Quinry Bay, showing di*edging 1885.
Please see my i>roie(*t of oi>ei:ations in regard to this project.
Very resjicct fully, your obedient servant,
E. H. Rttffneb,
Major of EngineerMm
Brig. Gon. TnoMAS L. Casey,
("hi(f of EngiHcers^ U. S. A.
(Tlirongli Col. (). M. Toe, Cori)s of Kngineers, Division Engineer,
Northwest Division.)
[First iiKliirHtiiiriit.l
r. S. l^xGixEEB Office,
Df'troit. ^fwh.. jyecemher 29^ 1890.
Ri»s])ortfully forwarded.
I have ma<Io an l^\a1ilinatiou of WiUow Slough and Quincy Bay and
I not only conciu* in the conelusi^ni reached by Major Kufinery but am,
• Kot printed.
more strongly than he is, of the opiiiiun that the effect of opening Wil-
low 81un|^h would be (ietrimcntiit t^i Qitircy Bay for ail puri»0M«a rou-
net-bftd with imvijifatioii. Il probalily would be uilvantai;e(ius t« other '
interests which, as 1 iinderstainl it, wf lire not called upon to eouMidcr. f
O. M. I'OE, '
Colintvl, Carps of Enj/hicorit,
JHinnUm Eni/imvr, N'vrlhwesl .IHinniM
I
EBPOBT 01' HAJOU V.. II. BUPPNEB, CORPS OF BNtilNGEIlS.
Enoimkkr Office, U. S. Abmt,
<^uinvy, Jit., J)eeemlter Z% 18'J0.
OenebAL: r rt!spei;tfully report thefollowinciii regard tio theexam* 1
iuiition iw "to thn advisaliility of reopcuitig Willow Sloiigb, or soniQ|
iitber channel, from tbo Missismppi River to (Juincy Bay," I'etiuirod by 1
the liver and harbor a«t of 18!H).
Willow Sloufih is a low, flat slou^b, 23 niilos long, iionnectiug tho I
MisKir^Kippi River with Qniney Bay when the gauge rea^ls about 5 feet 4
above low wattT mark.
The upper end lies bolilnd a large island, Ko. 422 on our maps, an<l
tbre^-ijuartcrs of a mile east of the mmn channel, wbieh is to the weat
of Itland 422, The chnl« or slough from which Willow Slough starts is
some 8J miles long, and its upper oLtrancct are closed by dams lu-ross
Canton and Hinoot etiute»4, built in 1881 and raised aud repiiired in
1889. A series of wing dams, ]jropt)serl many years ago, will be built
in ISW from the tUiiiois shore in tit; lirat loUe below the foot of Isliiiid
423.
These dams, three iu number, will cause laige deposits of sand above J
and below them, and at low stuges the river near the Illinois shore for 1
IJ milex below tlie head of Willow 8lough will not be navigable eveal
for very small crafts. Indeed this is already the case from the acti<in-l
of the two dams already built. The slough has a slightJy deviousl
course through the wooded, alluvial bottom, tliat is overflowed at Mgli J
water, and not necessarily extreme high water. It has been over-1
flowe*l partly or entirely for longer or shorter periods during 9 of 1
the past 13 years. The mouth of the slougb is in Qiiincy Bay. about f
1,000 feet above the harbor as roceutly establislied and about 9,350 feet I
or 1.8 miles above the mouth of the bay. It is owned thronghout by |
private parties, aud the ground under the bay is also owned by private I
parties, tiom the mouth of tlie slough to the harbor lines. |
A survey of Willow Slough was made in November, 1800, by Assist-
ant Engineer George Wnlcott. This survey shows the course of the
slough, the profile, auderosH sections of the ground taken often enough
to give the losing chara^teristie" and to enable a reasonably accurate
est^ate to be ma^le of the (quantity of material to be removed in ca^e
the slough should be "reopened," iu the language of the act. The plat,
profile, and 8 sheets of cross sections are forwarded with this report.
A table Hhowing all the data of the survey aud the calculated amounts
of excavritioii roipiired to open Willow Slough to a depth of 6 feet at
low w(it<ir, IIHI fi^et wide and with side slopes of 2 horizontal to*l ver* t
tical, will now be given:
2126 BBPORT OP TUB CHIEF OP ESGINBEES, V. S. ABHT.
Detailed M(iMa(« of IFi(Iom> ^Ioh^A turreg beiinBen Quiites Bag amd a« SBtHt^fi J
Xo.of
lUtiOD.
h
5.
11
t-
III
£S.
1
III
■si
III
w'.'.'.."
w
at
k"'."'.'.
s: '.'.'.'.'.'.'.
*6.."V.'..
4(1
K-:::::::
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*Thii abow* the nnmbn oT ym-Ai neetautj to omnplet* tli» work o
WOLCOTT,
All analysis of tbe resnlt^s of this survey sbows that, if the water
vere allowed to tlow through an ai'tificial channel of the proposed di-
luousioiis aiitl (i feet iu deptli, the resultant velocity would be 1.77 miles
pei' hour, which being suAicient t4) move small gravel, tbe cbanoel mmld
till up from onision, nnless the bottom and i$ldes were protected. In
this region riprap stone makes the cheapest protection and the estamato
is based thereon.
It may he said that if any doubt arises as to the probability of Willow
Sliiugli tilling up from erosion one has only to think that it hat filled
from natural imuscs, even if it ever was more open than it is now (whicli
1 doubt).
liiprap would probably average about 6 inches in depth, and could be
put in pla<e at alxiut *1 a lubif- yai-d, With these elements the pro-
toctiou of 14.<^H> t'cct of ranal. with a wetted peiimeter, aveiaginff not
less thiin 175 t'cct. would require about 45,384 cubic yards at $1 per
yiii'<l. Wc linvi' never bad ih-cdging done in Quincy Bay at less than
14 cents [KT ciil>ic yard, and including the removal of the bees and
rorits.'it is i|iiito safe lo .say that not less than 11 cents shoold be Uie
estimated cost of dredging.
r
2138 RKPOKT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, V. S. ARMT.
of 114MV rliainiols, assisfiiijr slrandod boats and l>aj*gos, surveys and
exaiiiiiiations in ronn<Tti(»n >>itli new iuiprovoinviits and for larilitathi;;
uavij^ation tLrougli bi"idj»:i»s, inspection and repair of existing works,
formation of temporary or i)ermanent channels through ohstnieting bai*s,
and in general in beneliting commerce by aiding existing navigsitiou
and assisting in the permanent imi)rovement of the Upper Mississippi
Kiver.
Th<^ plant used in connection with this work is the snag boats and
drtMlges. At times wht^i the ])lant is not required in connection with
this sjKM'ial work it is use under general or sjieiMal appropriations tor
work of peiinanent construction.
By the river and harbor act of August 11, 1888, pmvision was made
for operating snag boats, and dredge Imats on the Ui>i>er Mississippi
Kiver under an indefinite apjuopriation, the annual exi^nditui^e Iwing
limited by the act to j^iVMHM). There has been exiKMuknl under the in-
definite ai)pn>i>riation during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, the
sum of 82.\000.
The snag boat (ivneral />/mmr<7 wasengagetl in the work of removing
snags, t^c fn>m July 1 to 0<-tober 10, IStH), and fitmi May 18 to June
t'iO, ISDl. During a i>art of the season of 1S90 she wasemi)loye<l in towing
dn»dge Vhanl.v to various ])oints on the river. Dredge Pkainx was
engagcMl fn>m July 1(» to October »'5, 181M>, in removing wre<»ks, cribs,
and t»ther obstructions above Keokuk, in which work she was assisted
by steam launch .1 da. The snagboat J. G, P/irAr, having been thoroughly
rcpain'd. was ])ut in commission May 10, 1891; and from that time to
June ;>0, ISOl, was em]>h»yed in connection with dre<lge Phtenix and
steam launch Hlair in decpcMiing the jH^rmanent channel at Nininger.
The dt»tails oi' work accomi>lislied, together with statistics of eoimneree
and navigation, ar<^ giv<Mi in the ai>i)ended report of Assistant Engi-
neer (\ W. Durham. ^
A detailed statement and a summary of exjienditui'es for operating
snag lK)ats and drcdg(»lM»ats on Upper Mississippi River for the flsc'al
year ending June M), lsi>l, are apjH'nded.
The total tonnage of the Mississipjn l^iver betw(H?n the Falls of St-
Anthony and nn)uth of Illinois Kiver for cah'udar year ISOO was ap-
I»n)ximately 4.4<KKOiH) tons. This inrlu<les logs and lumber as well as
ordinarv m«'rchandisi».
«
AltSTKACr OK APl'KnPKlAriONS.
Ry art :i]>iirovo«l Manh 2. iNiT $9(S.OnO
Uy allot im-nt i'roiu Mj»i»rn]nia!iuii nlMnly *_*."». 1S«W 26.01W
Hy allntiiM'iit tVniu ai>iiii»|niatinii of 1S«;!» 35, MO
nv art appi'ovnl —
.Iiilv 11. 1S7«» 38,000
Maivh;;. isTl 42,0i10
.luiu' 10. 1M*J 42.000
Marrh S. ls7:{ ^i. aW
.iiiiH'js. isTi 2>.noo
Maivh ;{. isT.-. 23,000
Au;iust 11. ls7«; 30.000
.hiiu- IS. isTs 41,ri00
Manh .{. 1S71« 20.001)
.Illllr 11, 1SM> »,000
Maivli :?. issl 2SK001)
IW art nas<td Vnmi«.i J. Iwj 25,000
ny art a]»]»rt»\«Ml .\i:l:)i>i ."•. 1>ni; 22,500
IW art «)l'An;;u.st 11. ls>o<. tm li>r:il Vf.ir ciniinji —
.Jnnr.So. 1SM» 25,000
.luiMlJo. i.s;m) 25,000
Jum-.io. IMM 25,000
T.'tal 5»»,ttlO
2128 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENOmEEBS, U. 8. ABH7.
Willoaw Slouch, in the language of the act. An esaminatioD of flifl
map of the river in the viciuity of Quincy {a copy of which is inrlospd)
will show that when the works of iiupro\-eincnt contemplated for the
vicinity of CottonwiKHl Ishuid are completed the channel of the river
will tbllow the Illinois show, as it d(»es now, opposite Upper Cotton-
wood Island, and it thou leaves the Illinois shore for the Slissoori shore,
as governed hy a dike const ructod hy the bridge company 24 years aga
In order that a can;!! I'min the river to the hay should always have
water at its river end wirlmnt dictlfiiug it should he located somewhere
in this stretch of a lutU', tiiid in order to have the least possible dredg-
ing; done the Hue shonld be the shortest which would cany it to the
lower end.
The bay end of such a canal shonld be near the upper end of t^e
established harbor lines of Qnincy Bay. or at least not above tliat point
Such a line has been surveyed by Mr. George Wolcott in a similu
manner to that of Wilhiw Slough, and the same data are collected and
exliibited. and the same diameter of a canal contemplated. No shorter
or less exjwnsive line cowld be locatetl, if any regard be had to navi-
gatiiin.aiid I assume that it issupiio.scd that the United States will not
eiiibiU'k in an imdeitakiug of the kind_ unless water craft can oee the
canal at sometime. The tollowing table gives all informiition n
Detailed n
mateo
r dim-l cftnimcl
S'< uf
11.
111
1
11
Jl
X...Bf
a
ii
4
111
1
«
<
J-Kl.
F«(.
"Uli
ru-iHifi".
r«T
."Ift
'f^i!-i?
'^s-
."..iKai.^r.
lutal
iiniler
ubicj«d.
tU,KLU
y to I'lHuplete the work out to B hat b
stiitiatcd cost of such a canal, based upon prior calculationB,
AM 1" I'lT .-.■
Total..
t.ls. iitJl-
iLCitifjonrii'S
Bftr <^}iI<uiliitJon a» to the elemeubi of t^uuli a uiiiiul gives —
A=area=G73 sqiiaro fret.
ite=bnr(ler= 126' JJ3 for depth nf fi feet of water.
=a'.298 hyilrftnlio.mDaii deptli.
in w'=9'J.3G v/im=3'.2181.
t-ij— -yj-gTB- )»'=3'.2]8 feet per Hecond.
11^
Jvelotity is U)iuil to 2.23 uules per hour, and will movp pi'libk's
ge a» an i-gK- Discbarge will be aboat 2,2(»0 niibu! feet per wkmukI.
or Bonwswhat moie than a tenth of the Iow-waI«r discharge of the rivi>r
at Qaiiicy, II' the L-aiiiil were ouly 50 feet wide at the bottom the velocity
wonld still be y'.l2S per sei^ntid, or 2,13 miles pei- hour.
Wlieti the river rose to 8 feet on the gauge, and there wonld be 12 feet
in the eaiial, the vcloitity wonld bo 4'.381 per i«ecotid, or 3 miles per
himr. The aaine would occur at 12 feet on the gange if there were only
a canal 12 feet d(iep; that is, ouly to low-water mark. This velocity is
that rcfwrded at Ilnunibal, when the gauge rea^l 12 feet and the dis-
charge was X40,(HH) cubic feet i>er second. This question of velw^ity ia
the most important item in the project and should be thonnighly under-
stood. Since Qiuaey Bay has no connection with the river from the
upper end at low stagea it has a level water surface and no slope. Tlie
average slope of tlie river is, however, about C inches to the mile, and
the higher up the river we go and the shorter line we run to Quinoy
Bay the greater slupi' wi' l!;ive and the greater velocity. To any one
familiar with lli.> vtlmiry nf tlie river above and through Qiuncy Bridge
to the City VVIi:iir :i |)iii|iMsjii(m to concentrate the fall of this distance,
which is sfmicH ii:it less f li;ui L'i milea by the channel, into a short canal
of less then a mile, would be viewed with some diatriist. If the con-
(■entration of the canal could bo preserved through (Juiucy Bay the case
wonld Iw dilTurent.
But tJie outcome is a wide, flat, sliallow surface, not less than :^^t^^ fcfit
■wide at the low-water mark in narrow parts of the bay, am] widening
rapidly with the rise of water. There would be then under the most
favorable conditions high velointyin the cnnal ami much le«s in thebtiy
a short distance below the mouth. In shorty the ]>roposition involves
all thftconsiderations due to a " cut-off;" that is, leading a part of a great
river through a short line instead of a much longer one.
Let us iioiv considei' some points in reference to the navigability of
tlio proposed canal. The distance by the river eliimii.l finm the head
of the canal to tjuincy Wharf, i>assing tbrongh tlii-.<Jiiiii''V ]'>riiIj;iN with
its draw of IfiO feet opening, ia alwut 12.801* tVul. 'I'lif .list;iiif.> Ijc-
tween the same points passing down the canal, llinnifrli tlm "iP-funt
draw span of the Bay Bridge, is about 14,847 feet, ii. clear loss of jilMiut
2,)KK> feet. To be sure, rafta and small craft having business in Qniney
Bay wonld go down the canal, but few boiits would att^uipt to go up it.
There WonliT be a constant snctiiin down tlie cnual, at t.bi- head, wliirh
would be a source of anxiety U< pilots p.i'-Hiiii,' il.iwn llii' niiiiu I'hiinnel
uild not intending t4Misctliiieaii;i I. Tlijs mli liuu nould Iiim.I' \i-vy great
iiniMtrtam-e, and a source iirdiiiigerw lien llir ji-i- liic;ik^ iiji in llic s|iring.
One very great iidvaNtagc that VLiiiicy Bay imw |io«m-,sscs iw that it
i« n secure iccdiaibor, or winter harbor, for boats. With an open cauu.1
ENU n 134
2130 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
loailiujj: <li)wn from the river into the bay, we may foretell what might
happen at tlie oiul of a severe winter. The bay, canal, and river wifl
be frozen, as they freqnently are, with ice 15 inches thick or more. A
thaw comes on a risin<r river, and this heavy mass is raised firom its
side anchorages, is broken to pieces and driven down the bay, is piled
np against the piers of the Bay Bridge, and then when enough hcttd is
gained and the whole is somewhat softened it gives way, crashing down
the bay, carrying with it all trail vessels, until a mas8«large enough is
accumulated to tear away all steamboats that have sought Quincy Bay
as a safe winter harbor, sm*h as it is now.
This is not a fancy picture. Ice has been foi-cini in times past down
Scpuiw CMiute, a short small slough, into Quincy Bay, at the lower end.
when a break uj) occurred at a stage suitable for such an event, and
one of our ililliculties is to maintain, against the ice, dams that we build
to close up just such small sloughs as is here proposed to be opened.
Let us now consider the engineering pn>i)ositions of the project. The
general ]ilan of improvement of this river proposes to close all small
useless island chutes and sloughs. The plan of concentration requires
the constant passage down the main low-water bed of the river of the
bulk of the water.
For rj years we have made a practice of closing such small chutes.
The maps show how many have been closed, and the testimony is
unanimous that such closure is in the interest of navigation.
Three such ilosures have been made in sight of Quincy, and one
small slough running into the bay has itself been closed. Squaw Chute
by name, it does not need argument at this time to show that this
plan is the pii»per one to follow. Yet the opening ofWillow Slough or
some other chaniu'l fnnn the Mississippi River into Quincy Bay will be
a direct ^iolalion of this practice.
What engineering reason has been assigned why this canal should be
(lug f The only oiu' tliat has come to my knowledge has been that the
current introduced into Quincy Bay would scour out the bar at the mouth
of Whipi>lc and Cedar creeks, and in general keep the bay from filling
up. 1 have alreaily slu^wn that there would undoubtedly be a great
diminution of vi'locity and scouring effect atter the water of the canal
reached Quincv Bav.
There is ni» donbt that the canal would scoui* a canal or channel equal
in cai^acity to itself through Whipple Creek Bar. The matter so scoured
wouhl <lci>osit lowi'r down in the bay, and eventually a channel equal in
capacity to tlie <lng canal wimld be sccmred and maintnined through
tlu* lower bay. That is the limit of cai>acity of the current introduced
into (^>uincy Hay. to scour and maintain a channel equal to itself. But
ICC hacr sttvli (( rhfDDU'l alreatly in Quincy Bay, and greater throughout,
except ihrougli \Vhi[)p]e and Cedar Creek Bar, and this has been half
openi'd, and will be entirely opened by July 1, probably at an expense
of not over >«(».0(M». In point of tact, the total exi>ense of maintaining
by dredging the harbor i)f Quincy Bay for 11 years has been only
.*(»0,.*?00. instead of the minimum anumnt of 873,120, proposed in this
])roJei'r to secure a smaller channel with many disadvantages.
Of the work alreaily tlone in (Juincy Bay about 820,lH)0 worth of dam-
age >\asctiuscd by the Hood of isss, during which the Indian Grave
levee broke at the hiad of tht* bay. and a large amount of material was
jn-ecipitahMl intt> tlie l»ay. entirely tilling up the channel dug through
Whii)i)le Creek Har in issi and iss."), and the areas just Ih'Iow that bar.
There is nmv available for dredging in Quincy Bay $25,000. This
money will be spent in carrying out the project of 1879| and tbueis no
2140 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ESQINEERS, U. 8. ASUT.
5S ■ ('lijii.J.I..nu:
:» Tin". K. S'lllnilli^r * r... ,
31 .I.I..Viili.»1«ll
.■H- L.Kjni-
Chub .• IVIiii'
Jmrn-K lb<lilii»>n ^ s,.ii
liaiii.itEllnH.A-S>li«;il
■1 . JnliuU^im..
4 I W. K.'l.'lMin .
5l JiiliulUm..
rhjrl<"..1.l'-iii
tl.lin ll,iri'l...l
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llin-iiiuii ....
Hi.
I I
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■3 I £
3^», 4W.M .
K.W IE.M) .
1.448.W K7.a 4sa.aa
3M.M SKIS
2132 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
The l^t>jn'fl considers that Major Ruffner's detailed report, whieli gives
all the t;u*ts bearinjr upon the question and detailed estimates of cost,
covers all the points that need be disenssed and adoptiii it as a part of
this re]>ort.
Ft appt'ars that toriuerly there was a current in Quincy Bay at lower
staircs than at present, hut that, bv the constnietion of the Indian Grave
Icvcc, rcrtain nuncnicnts of sand bars in the Mississippi Kiver, aud the
hnin«r up of Willow Sloujrh, such current has been virtually destniytnl
at all sia«rcs of less than o feet at low water. This absence of current
at \o\s sta;4:cs of the river attects the purity of the water in the bay i\\u\
to a certain extent results in the deposit of a limited amount of the ma-
terial bronuht in by creeks, l>y slitrhtly deei>ening AVillow Slouch, or
other juacticablc means. x\w len^^th of thue durinfj which fi-csh water
can reacli the bay may hv [>n>lon«retl, and such a result is pn>bably ver>'
<lcsiniblc on sanitary «rro,inds, but to furnish a channel which will ser\'e
the puri>osc of na vibration lu* iH'rniit the passage of a sufficient amount
of water to have any ctVcct on the ileposits in the bay is a work wbirh
would be very expensive and which the interests of commen*e do not
appear to Justify.
Thi* r»oanl wtuild res])ectfully state that in their opinion the •* re-
ojienin^ of Willow Slonirli or souxl' other chaniu'I fiimi the Mississippi
to (Juincy Day " is not advisable.
A. Mackenzie,
-l/Vr;V»r, Corpa of Engineers.
A. 31. Mh-LEK,
M([ji»r, Corps of Engineers.
E. 11. ih'FFNER,
Major of Engineers.
Brig. Cn'n. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of' Kntthiars, C: S, A.
Mixnrs OF crnue MKKTi>fO.
Kn*;ink.ku Of kick, IT. S. Army,
VHinrjr. ///.
K*f'|ii»r! t»ttlii' nii'otin:; lirlil at lln* Y. M. U. \ room** Ki'hruary 17. 18iM. in re<;anl to
Min'ii'mir Will.iNN Slmisili nv n.»mh' hiIht rliMnn*! into l^iitin'v Hay.
Afitr an i-vjilanaiinu t»t'tlu' ohjnt ot'tln' nnH'ti!!i; by MajiM- KulViUT, City Kn}^iiu*4'r
riiaitt n >!.'.'ril thai t]ii'oiiii:h tin- tlo-iuiv ot'cliaiiiit'Is Ibmi tln' rivorfiusod tht» wati^r
fn stannati'. ami that a rha!nu'l wouM W wry iiM]>ort:nit to I'arry oft' the clo|>osit.
l\ l^ \'an i'raiik tlnn K-ad a iM'titioii in roirnrt! to tlu* Imildiiij; of a lt*voe around
thr iijimtli t»ri'»'<lar Cn rk tt» i»n'vriit ilrpnsit in tin* hay.
V. W. Mi>i-r wa-* ralli'il ii|):m. ami siaioil that l»y the buihliii); oflcveeB the aupply
ni' \vai« r wa^ i iit n\\' tVoiii x\w l»ay. ami thviniixh that s^iiirt't* the l»ay 1ia8 been graaii-
a]l> lilliiiu. ami ri\i-i- ami i(-<' men I'-piM-i lily have heeii dania«:!re(l to a j^reat esEtent.
■lhiiik«» thai hy np.niM.i: a thaiiin'l a iMirmit into the l>ay will pn'wnt aU further
«li'|Mi«.ii ;ii iix ni.iiiili.
(i«iMi;i' A. Aiiil< rMtii: ]ii iN'^anl to thr a(lvaiita;;i's ot'a rhaiiuel in Qiiincy Ray an«l
it-* inipoilamr to iiavii;ati«»u.
I". 1>. Vail I'rank >!airil tliat a rhatinel in the upi>er ]»art of the htiy would lie a
init^t (li-^ir.ili1i- thiiiL:: it wonM torni a eoutinual eiirr«'iit thronj;li the bay without
wa^hiiiL: ir^ l»aiiks au«l wiihiMit th«' least ilan«;er to st«'anihoat8: would form a moal
i'\ii-llri;t h.;v1»i.r.
('(•1. W. \\ . \U'\\\ : In icuanl i(» tin- na\ iLra^ilii.v oi (^niiiey Day and thv imitortance
( '. 1 1. \ .Hi 1 i.:nk -; i:« ■! ih.it a « liattiu-l >n. ii .■.«. |i1ii|iosim1 \\«iiilil raiT\ all the d«*p«iiiit
<><\\;i::i (i-i>ni til- li:i\ ainl liiXi- t'nii t> in<»ni:li t«>i-air\ out what is materially depo«-
iti-il t!iiii. IhinK-* iliru- w (inhl he \ trv lit 1 1«- «'\]K'nsi> r«»nHerte(l with the repair
«»t' Ml* h I ii-innrl. I'hi-M' >iii.>iilil 1m' a ehannel iiinning into thu buy at low atagM to
l»rcvvnt lining: in at the lower end.
2142 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
Detailed statement of ejrjtenttitHres for operating snaff boat* and dredge boats on Vpptr
Mis»ii*vipp\ Hirer, etc. — Continued.
!
i\
To Avlidiu puid.
5 = 5
* T Z •
^1 1 mm •^
M t* * 5
^ - Si
.Ifdi'/. 2v*W <N>iitinii«-<I.
9
2
B
j k
i :^
19
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27
28
29
30
:ti
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37
38
30
40
41
42
43
44
4o
46
47
4^
49
5*)
51
52
53
&4
55
Wilkliisou A Co
Sjiiii. ('. \Vt>tni!l
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M;lisli;ill vV Ki'ili.r
l>avif. A <■(•
elms. .1. I.i»M^
ThiM. K. ShimlliT A To
lit-o. Hill
I\ W. nnrluiii
T. Nodl.^r
Van Patti'n A: Mark*
Fioil. A. Hill
i'. A. IlntrlniiSikii
S'lilliTS i Warn mall
>Vin. TowU A To
A.M. Ki.l.Uf
Wanl A: Hra«ly
Hiivd tm-u . . . '.
do
Honrv .V. K«H'tfkiT
A . RiMihfit A To
.Tohu M. Ki'iiU'in
Dan. Kl'^^^MTl
(i. V. Hallhlav \- (.'o
L.T.Davis ..".
W. A. I^»n!»afk Lumber (\»...
John Harr\
iyannit/ rinitluM> A- S* liawh.
T. NimUit
Kubi'it. I'idlar a riiambrrs..
Hind nii-n
F. L. V\\U\ A To
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Koliin>i>n A: I'arv ( 'i>
Nii'ols A- m-an
Various pt'rs4in.'*
Hin-d nu*n
♦2.
3.
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19.
25.
249.
8.
57.
2lW.
78.
42.
3.
51.
11.
69.
44.
15.
XI.
5.».
12l».
4.
40.
27.
:{6.
5»-..
18.
3.
l.tV.»9.
25.
224.
'37!
40.
10.
685.
15
50
45
$.:. 15 1.
fi.75
9. :ni
6S
50
40
71
50
80
01
51
88
16
81
52
80
79
25
;to
82
47
tH)
IH)
UO
18
50
iV)
10
()0
51
48
24
89
:p2
20
M
$10.24
25.40
♦1.45 ■
4. 08
3.26 '..
8. 50
. :i8.55
40.0l» V
. 120.47
.|
!'"'27.'66"
'. '56.50
18.60
3.10
3. 00 !
:«.IH»9.51
25. 48
2U8.67
57
59
«1
t»2
63
&4
CV5
60
67
iW
7ii
71
*■ I
I ■«
74
75
70
I I
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«M'i»r;:i' S. rr.riijii'>ii
Kabf. Hi iiahi I :nN A- l.<\\ is
riln! .'Ntiamhiiai • 'n
fTaiui"* Knl'iii 'Hii A Sim
T.f. r.rijlit A «'.»
Charlf .1 . Lim.;
Varioii- jM-T^i'ii>
Fndtriik V. r.ill
S. iJ.llarip'tr
F. \V. Lull V A NMi
Alht'it Kinhn:'.
rr.il.Ti.K A. \\\V.
r. K. AM-n At..
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S. «;. (iavni tt
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Fn-.l.ii.k \. I'.ill
.LniM > K«»li!n".'in A >iii
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r.fii. Wil'.i'ii A Null
\ .11 Imlx ]'i r -I'll-*
<i.jUJii*.' r.:"il.i 1-. .V >.li\\.ili...
3.5SI.29
685.34
6.55: 3.00
.65
48.65 40.00
32. !
•».<
.90
.\
<k
<>.
no.
21.
4i\
6.
52.
20.
e*\
43.
6.
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9*.
3.
274.
;!2.
*-0.
Um».
fiitii
.Ml.
4-.'.
1:.
-'•I I.
Oli
30
IH> 110.90
iM» 2HW
•HI 40. iW
>«»
•.i:i 24.83 27.50
0»> 2«».00
00 <ki. 00
45 43.45
<n» 6.(10
(Ml .......... .......... ......... .lO, nil
M : ot.eo
93 27.53
75 ■
on 1.274.0i»
2i> 2^». 21^ ' *■
i\\ I 100, 00
<M1
!>0 =
IHt
Oil
:ij
6.80
.40
3.75
.1 2.50
.1.
\
600.00
40.011
42.00
249. 71
54.10 j 3.70
184-.. :;5 19.66
2.75 $72.S« 3.40-
9.88 : 3;k00
i ' a.16
5L81
11.52
31.25
44.T!>
-....-. 15.25
■Vi, •Hi I........ ......«, ........
5;t.82 1 1
4.00
IS. 57
13. «» 24.00
40.32
W.15 1.784.85 tV2.79 312.33 185.79 551.
8.65 .
'5.' 36" '..
13.00
2«5. 77 I SA.TAl \.'... '.'.'.'.'■..
10. .-.2 ; :w.oo I
Total :i.oj5. 20 1.274.(H» 262. 73 j 639. 50
•10.40; 2SL5'
1
2134 REPORT OF THE CHIEP OP ENGINEERS, IT. S. ARMT.
rFTlTloN OF riTIZFXft OF QriN'CY, ILLINOIS.
QuiNCY, III.. Ffhrttarif 77, ISOl,
(iKXTi.KMi'.x : III the mutter of opening a channel from Mis8is8ippi River to Qainrf
Hay :
Siirh u channi'I s«*('iiis every way desirable for the purpoat^s of nari}ir]|tioii.
To v:f t thf lu'Stt results from Hurh improvement of Qiiincy Harbor it mh^uw to na
that th(> ]>r4>])i)S(d rhauuel Hhoiihneave tm« river at some ponit above the railroml
brid*;*' wilt- re th<* st«'ambuat ehaunel of river sets in t-o the Illinois shore, theuee
aevoss tlio island in a diroet line to some point in the bay near to the uortheru liniita
of harbor, and snrh channel shonld be broad and deep enonj^h to admit steamboat*
at all sta^xes of river; the sides and bottom shonld be properly protected by riprap
to pri'vent 8i'0!irin;ir.
Sncli a channel wonld not only make a good and desirable inlet for steamboata and
other eral'rs to the upper end of Qnincy Harbor, but would also supply a enrrent
whieli would eavry out a large percentage of the material now depositing in tfaebay.
In eon nee t ion with the above it seems to us that instead of removing the main
part of Whipple or Cedar Creek Har, which will be a very expensive nndertaking,
will it not be moro economical and ndvantag(H)ns, and also answer all the require-
ments of navigation, to open a good navigalde channel along the western part of
said bay. iuid then build a levee around the remaining part of the bar with suitable
water ways for the escaoe of the water of Cedar Creek, such levee to hold the de-
posits of the creeks on sliore,thus preventing further injury to navigation Ch>m that
source.
C. D. Yam Frank
(and 38 othMt).
BOAKD OF EXGIXEKR OFFICERS,
Ci»NSll>KKlNU QUINCY BaY iMPKO^nCMENTS.
Z 2.
rUELIMIXARY EXAMIXATIOX OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT WARSAW, IMJ.
NOIS, WITH A VIEW OF liEMOVING BAR.
[PriiiU^tl in IIouao Ex. D\x\ Xo. 0 , Fifty-First Congress, Moond wwrioiu)
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Armt,
Washintftony D, C, December 4, 1890.
Sir : I have tlio honor to siibiiiit llOlv^vith the aooompauying copy of
n^purt tlattd Dctolu'r 21>, 1S1H», tix>ni Maj. B. H. Buffn^r, Corps of Eu-
«riiuH»rs, jrivinj; n^sults of the preliiiiinary examination of Mississippi
Www at Warsaw, ril., with a view of removing bar, made to comply with
l)rovisi(»ns y\{ tlie river and harbor aet a]>prove(l September 19, l^M.
Major niitlner reports that he does not consider this section of the
liver worthy of improvement, and on the contrary that the removal of
tlu» bar would be a detriment to navijration. Col. O. M. Poo, Corps of
Kn^in«M'rs, a«;riM's that the loeality should not be improved by the Qen-
eral (l«»viMnnient. and in this oi>inion I eoiieur.
\'ery n^spint fully, yiuir obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Casst,
Brig. Gen.^ Chitf of Enginmn,
Hon. Redfiem) Pkootor,
iStcnturif of War»
. KF.roRT OF MAJOIt F. 11. IHrpFNER, CORPS OF KN(iINEEBS.
KNdl.VUKB OFKICI;, rjNITRD STATES ARMY,
Quinty, III., October 39, 1890.
(iKXKRAi,: In ohodience to letter of iiistriictiims of the 20Ui SeptentJ
ItHr, 1 have tbe lioiior to rentlet tbe followiug report of a preliminarji^
exiimiuntion of MlRHiMsippi River at Warsaw, IH., with a view to r
movinc har, as reqnirecl by the river and harbor act of September 1
A peraoDal examination of the river near the public steaiuboaL
ing at Warsaw, 111., and cunversation with pilots who know the river,
confirmed my prior kniiwhtdgp that there wan no bar in front of or imai
the public landing at Wiusaw. There has been no bar near or inter^
feting with this landing for some years, and there is no bar approach-
ing or coming down ou it. In order to ascertain exactly what was the
intention of the act, the i^teamer S»«w«/t was snbseriuently stopped at
Warsaw and a search uimle by Asnistant Engineer Uiehard» and
Pilot Amea for parties knowing anything about the matter, Itwa
then diitoovered that the olan»e wiki^ inserted at the request of tbi
owner* of a woolen mill some two-Uiirds of a mile below the publio'
landing. There is a large suud bar in Qontof this mill, and on aeeoiiot
of low water there had been a ne<'es8ity for extending the supply pipe
for the boilers into the river. The nature of well wat«r at the mill site
wa« such that the boilers could not advantageously nse that well water,
and therefiire as the bar grew in size from year to year, it becamu
neiessary Ui extend the supply pipe to the river, until finally soma
1,700 feet of pipe in all were laid. This long pipe would not be re-
cjiured if the bar wort' leiriovHl, anil hmca the suggestion liS to an in-
quiry in reference to the tiist of removing this bar.
Steamboats are not emibled to land at or near tho mill, and an.
giXHls shipped by Kteaiiilmat must be hauled in wagons over the two-1
thirds of a mile to the steiindioat Isnding. I did not understand thatj
it was eonsidere<l de^iirable that the bar should be renmved in order t-
allow steamboat.-^ to land at the mill, nor do I unilerstand that the mi
makes many shipments by water. It will now be best to consider tin
engineering features of the situation. A tracing of the geneml map o|
tbe vicinity of Warsaw is inclosed,* This shows the outlines of the
low-waler bed of tbe river as it will be when oonipletely reguLited at
this stretvh. The broken lines show a width of about 1,400 feet (some 400
feet less than in other localities), and the two wing dams on the Missouri
8bore, built in 1880, and one raised in )S87, hold the boily of water on
tbe Illinois shore at tho Warsaw LaJiding. The current and bndy of
water then leave the Illinois shore and go over to the Missouri shore
and the Ale.'tandria Landing, Tlus set of the current is mqch moro
marked at hi^h water tlian at low water, and tho liead of Fox Island
and Alexandria Point can be held only by revetment, as shown. Tliis
8t«t« of atlairs produces an eddy under the lee of Warsaw Point, and
tbe large bar shown is the result. I presume that bar has always been J
there, and eertJiinlyas a resultof our works of permanent coutractioal
it not only will always be there, bnt probably will increase in beighfea
and maintain a width at low stages of about what it is now, t. e., about J
as far as t.he broken linc.'i or channel lines show, at least 1,400 feet in o
straight line from the mill in question. If it happen at tlie present 1
" B to be a little wider than that, possibly the next high water willj
at
Qd^Jj
bS^^I
oe ^
2136 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S ARMT.
wash oft'somoof tlio extra wi<lth. Wo consider tlio eoiulition of the
river for the 2 miles in dist^uice fi^oni the upper part of Warsaw to the
middle of Fox Ishind as very favorable.
In consideration, therefore, of the whole, I respectfully rej>ort that I
do not consider the removal of the bar below Warsaw, III., as worthy
oi' improvement, but, on the contrary, that its removal would be a posi-
tive detrinuMit to that portion of the navigable river.
^'ery respectfully, your obedieut servant,
E. H. RUFFNER,
Major of JEngineers,
Bri^. (tcu. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ V, 8, A,
(Through Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer,
Northwest Division.)
[Pint indorsement.]
U. S. Engineer Office,
Detroit^ Mich.j November i, 1890.
Respectfully forwarded.
I i*oncur in the opinion of the district engineer that, under present
conditions, the " Mississippi River at Warsaw, III., with a view to re-
moving bar," is not worthy of improvement by the General Govern-
ment.
O. M. Poe,
Colonelj Corpn of Engineers^
Division Eingineer^ Korthwest Dimmcm.
APPENDIX A A.
IMPROVKMEST OK MISSISSIPPI KIVEE BETWEEN MINNEAPOLIS AND
1>KS MOINES RAPIDS, AND Of DES MOlNEfi RAPIDS; OPKEATISO AND
CAKE OP DES MOINES UAPIDS CANAL AND DRY DOCK.
BBPIiBT nr MAJfiR A. MACKENZIE. CORPS OF EKGIKEERS, OFFICER IN
CBABGE. tVB THE FISCAL YEAR ENTHNO JUNE SO, 1S91, WITS OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE liunss.
IMPROTEMENTS.
1. Op«ratiai!niagbDBte nnd dredge boats i 3. Dea Moinea Rupida, Mlutlaaiptii Rivttr.
•til li|iTiHT MiKaiui]ii>i River. 4. Operutiiijc and L-nrool' UeaMaliioa Rup-
2. MiiifiiMipiii River Wlwef^u MinDonpol in ide ChiihI iiud Drj Diwk.
auil l>i« Moines Riipids. {
EXAMINATIONS AND SUBVBTS.
G. Missiaaippi River at iiiid above Clin-
ton, lowiv, with view uf removing
bam north of Little Kuek Iltland.
United States Engineer Office,
lioek Inland, III., .fttly !i, }S9}.
General: I liavo tlie honor to tnuisniitlieit'witli the aimiial rcpoits
ti[M)ii the works in iny chtiigc during the fiscal year i-iuling June .'ill,
Very reapectfiilly, your obedient servant,
A. MArKENZlE,
Major, Corpn o/ Enyinters.
Brig. (leii. Thomas L. Casey,
Vhuf of Kitgiiwerx, U. N. A.
The work covered by this appropriation is the removal of snags,
wwcka, and other obstructions, the cutting and pulling back of over-
^^^KinfT trees, the clearing of shores, the .leavchiug tor and marking
2137
2138 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. fl. ARMY.
of now rbaiuuOs, n^^sistin}r strandod Imats ami barges, surveys and
oxainiiiati<»iis in coiiiKH'tion \\it1i now iinprovoiih'iits and for lacilitatin;;
navit^ation tbn»ugh biidjivs, inspection and repair ol" existing works,
formation t»f temporary or permanent channels thmujrh obstnieting bai^s,
and in general in beneliting eommeree by aiding existing na\igiitiou
and assisting in the permanent improvement of the Upi>er ^lississippi
Jiiver.
The* plant used in eonneetion with this work is the snag boats and
dnnlgi^s. At times when the plant is not requiixni in connection with
this special work it is usi* under general or sjuHMal appropriations for
work of ]KM'iiuinent construction.
By the river an<l harbor act of August 11, 1888, piH)visiou was made
for operating snag boats, and dirdge l»oats on the Upi>er Mississipi»i
Kiver under an imb'tinite a])propriation. the annual exi>enditni'e lH»ing
bmitcd by the act to .'?l*.'i.(HH>. There has Ihhmi exi>endtMl under the in-
detinite ai)propriation during the fiscal year ending June «^, 181U. the
sum of •i'^rMMM).
The snag boat firtieral />V(rwrt)77 wasengagtHl in the work of removing
snags, etc.. from July 1 to Ortober 10, ISIK), and from May 18 to June
M). 1 StU . I hiring a part of the season of ISVM) she was emph>yed in towing
dredge Phani.r to various ])oints on the river. l>redge Phcrnix was
engagt'd fn»m «Iuly H» to October l\, 18!)0, in removing wrei'ks, eribs«
ami other obstructions above Keokuk, in which work she was assiatiHl
by steamlauneh Ada, Thesnagboat »/. (r, Parke^ ha v in gl>een thoroughly
repaired, was ]uit in commission May 10, 1891: and from that time to
June ;U), ISIU, was emi)K»yed in connection with di*etlge Phoenix and
steam hiuiu'h f.7.swV in deepening the permanent channel at Niniiiger.
Tht^ details of work a<-complished, together with statistics of eommeree
and navigation, are given in the ap]UMuled repint of Assistant Engi-
neer i\ \\\ Durham. ^
A detaiUHl statenuMit and a summary of exiK^nditui'es for operatinj;
snag boats and dredge btiats on Upper Mississippi River for the fiscal
year ending Junt* .*>0, is*»l. are a]>i>endetl.
The total tonnage of the Mississippi Hiver between the Falls of St.
Anthony and month of lllim»is l\iver for eah^ndar year 1800 was ai>-
in-oximately 4.4(H).(MH» tt»ns. This inrbides logs and lumber as well us
ordinarv men-hand ise.
aii>ii:alt ok Arri:<»i*iaAii<»Ns.
Hy :u't :i).|>rovoa Manh L'. iNu $9(1000
My all«»tiuriit iViMii :»ii|»rniiriaiioii olMnlx *_>."». ISjvV 26.000
Hv aIl4iTiih'iit iViun a]ipro])i-iaTinn <»!' lSi>l» 3S. M)
r»v art a|ijuii\ nl —
.lulv 11. lv7«» Se^OQO
Mairh :;. 1>71 42.000
Jiim- 10. IsTi' 42,000
Manli ;;. is;:: 2nOOO
.luiH- L':?. 1^71 2s>.non
Mar. ii :i. IvT". &000
Anirn>t It. l^Ti; 30.000
.luiu' 1^. 1>7> 41,»|10
Mar.li ;i. 1^7;« 20.000
.1 niif 11. 1 vv, ( K, 000
Manh:!. l^^l 2Si.OOO
IW art pa>>ril AiiuM-t J. l^^J 25,000
\\y ait aii]iii»Niii .Vr.u'!>i ."•. 1*''^»> 22.500
l?y a« t «»t" AiiLiMvt 11. Iv'SH. I.,, ii>i;,] M;ir rinlinir —
•hiTif ;ii ». 1 vv» 25^ 000
.Jjiiir :io. i>;».i 25»000
.IniH-.id. 1N»1 25b 000
Tut..) 6««,6I0
APPENDIX A A — EEPOET OF MAJOB MACKENZIE.
1
•s
Towbompsia.
1
Hi-
m
Jill
1
= ll
1 I
1i
*47.ao
•200.00
3.00
470. W : liOO.OO
215.00
55.03
January, mi.
75.79
JW™<MV. IK"!.
-^.^
lis! on
».7n
m-ao
40.39
38.30
3.9«
8.8*
11.50
a)<i!oo
215.00
-w'. i. Jioiirtck LombMCo
11. eo
200.00
215.00
BM,73
125.00
JSS
Uarth. mi.
379: 10
217.60
11
oioo
707.00
—
_ —
I
12. as
217. M
29! 0&
lliiclniv &Aiiiiit;igu.
n
j
^
Klii.'ia,itirp^'&c«'.':;'.":;;;.'::;
200! 00
;;;:;;;:;:;;::;;:
::;::::±:::::::! S
rj5:oo
202,00
355. BS
Total
Aprtt, mi.
2.]5a,M| 2I1.2r,
4(K>.00
I 1
1,455.95
12.75
03:80
12.75
imog
^
47.18
<13!74
1
■-:;■:-
m.'ii'm,'!; ^ ' "
::::::::::I...'!^:"'.i::::::::!:::;::::i:::::::
Total
^a«.mi. .
i,e«i.io
25.05
215.00
155.86
3. IS
' 1
4.50
SSS5?.i:3Si::::::;:::;;
a-U
2140 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABHT.
JmDIV Kulijllimn it MiiII ..
liamilli Itrw.JC Sriiiviib.
Hlmlnu'u
AlhrrtK.
John lliirrv
S.ll.(t>ni>'tl
<;HllllUltltnM.JIrM.-I
F.W.I.iiIi-vkSiio.
«i.-nljik<i>i llnH....
F.n'nIlir^Soii...
T-IMhisliUtro..
llirni III
13 Sliail]i-»ii.l.\.'L.T
n.oa'V.'.
imw 1...
".11 ■..
' .j KTi-T*
141.13 ...
1
....! «3.ro
7S.O0:
If
IW
.... 47.M
IK..1.I ....
'.'.'.'.' 2.M
■«:i6-
"iji'
:::::i::
l.MS.m,in.» 488.31. 4.N
"j:. I r
K.
ir
^■"w
rrmar
•1-
tv.n
i r.al
^
^;n:::::-::::
APPENDIX A A — EBPOET OF MAJOR MACKENZIE.
1
i
Towhoml-rfa.
Dfttmhtr. im.
1
iiii
iigi
1
f
1 1
1
1
•47.80
*47.«.
(200,00
*215.00
^
m02| li<».(»
215.00
55.0)
Januaiy. mi.
T5.TS
FOavary. IS9I.
3- OS
4.7r.
'Si
36.30
3.M
11. »
415. W
855.78
111 70
aiKi.oo
215.00
W.A.B™Mck LomWCo
moo
215.00
1,185.47 1 433.00
,30.00
125.00
Jfareft, 1S9I.
125.00
iitIso
j 1
12.25
3D
a-.^j^^^^iti^-.;:;::;::::.
20.05
1 ;
20.05
A.wpbfflT&oo- "I!:.*"""'
»1.83
13.00
R.40
707^00
4eo.o»
, 1 i
J!i;
ioo!oo
siri.oii
125.00
T U\
2.152.20
221.25
403.00
1.4SS.»
April, im.
13.20
03.80
II
13.20
f!i.rV,T"b.iMmCo
im«i
"m.ii
215.00
Total
K.M««1
25.05
1,681.10
215.00
4.50
' 1 '
■11
V
no! 58
8.15
j ,
U>
lIcElrajrftAndtaf*
2142 REPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF EN0INEEB8, U. 8. ABUT.
1
i
To n-hom paid.
1
il
1
."_
i
1
!
Man. MHI-l.'nnliliiHit.
12.76
a. 15
e.Gu
l.4fi
4.W
240.71
15S
42. IS
s.ie
09: f»
3130
*-00
27.00
3«.I8
3.10
Si
6§S,IM
•17>
-iS
•i:£
3.20
$1<.S4
:iS.40
B4.10
2.7S
■i7S.ii6'
3.70
1B.W
3.40
U^rSS™:::::::::::::
Wm. T..wl,«,Co
»i:25
W.Td&li™iy
38.61
83.30
53.82
130; 47
40.00
J^uSiter'^-"'-;?;:::-.::
Guuiilti UrotliFr" £ Hi'liAwb
T.X.hIIit
K«b.Tl,FWl«Jt(:baiiiW™
Hinilin-n
r.i..rti]«virii
V.n rmtci. 4, MiirkH
NicouTDp-n.?./.'::;;;::::;:::
27.00
j.00
" "islHo
3.10
BO. 50
ll.OOV.M
son: or
1S.K
"1
(.5&
3.00
0B6.H
T U!
a.sM.as
5.30
HO.M
4o!oo
ss
8.IKI
:in.iK)
01.00
•-1. 0:1
84.15
1.7M.e5
««,7» ! 312.83
U3.»
8,05
r,™ .,,,':"■"'■
40.0.1
32.0*
W -'■■ l^-wii.
■as
40.00
G.30
■■••ii
T.f\(iri;!i,t&r^!.'..'!'.:::":::::
0.80
?Si:;i:-irrrm
».=
27.50
»i.ao
00.00
F.w.V,"Kvis"B
Alh,.rl Klr.>llN.;r
■-
30.00
04.00
3:1s
"i'so
71
;!!!!"!!! '.'.'.'.'.'.'".'. "-n'-ia
^
<iii«i'ii/r'iL.iii.'.™&!i>hwi;r.;:;::
1,274.00
as
40. UO
1,274.00
100.66
::;:::::
»:ij.»iiiniirtt
000.00
40.00
4tOO
is
Jamr* KnliliMin A- S<jii
J1.ii.W11-«iAS,;h
;!'^~
■;;:;;;;;;;:::;;::;; ss
"K5."i!
1. 274.00
*■"
830.50
$40.40
»»
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE.
2143
Summary of expenditures for operating snag boats and dredge boats on Upper Mississippi
Biverfor th^ fiscal year ending June 30, ISOl,
MontliB.
1890.
Office ;^are, repair, and operating snag boats General Barnard and
expenses, J.G.Parke,
superiii- '
*^"ete"*^'' ^^^«^-
January
February
March ...
April
iMay
June
Total.
Months.
1800.
July
August ...
September
(X-tober . . .
November.
December .
1801.
January. .
February
March
April
aun
rune
Total.
4.00
July I $325.00 $1,473.90
August
Scpt<»raber
October
November
l>cceuiber ^
114.70
200. (N)
200.00
932. 20
9(M. 33
832. 49
215.00
215.00
$178. 00
460.00
161.25
257.00
Subsist-
euce.
$492.90
218. 32
145. 39
75. 59
Expense.
$38:*. 76
2.50
150.54
74.91
47.60
433.00
221,25
25.95
04.15
63.00
430.00
215.00
215. 00
1.099.51
1.274.00
180.47
639.50
$2,650.01
1,622.02
1,271.97
1, 390. 53
215.00
262. 60
401. 42
202. 73
62. 04
&i0.40
922.47
1, 465. 95
553.00
340.99
228. 57
1,352.47
1, 680. 95
768.00
2, 084. 43
3, 045. 20
1,051.05 ; 7,867.52
1,885.22 1,596.35 , 1,239.24 | 3,754.85 I 16,343.18
Care, repair, and operating dredge and tender.
Labor.
$482.75
976.47
482.67
125. 67
Fuel.
$7.20
507.22
327. 01
64.75
250.00
Subsist-
ence.
$72.10
190. 34
132. 06
87.67
Expense.
$54.86
7.45
4.00
50.50
Repairs.
$307.53
338.44
154.01
7.42
75.79
685.34
3, 002. 00
131.86 I 281.37 !
155.86 j
123.75 I
711.29
210. 39
Total.
$924.44
2,019.92
945. 74
482. 60
7.42
75.79
250 00.
867. 15
1, 432. 71
1,038.04 763.54
r
396. 42 I 1, 804. 87 j 7, 005. 77
Grand
total.
$3,899.45
3,645.94
2,217.71
1, 987. «.\
415.00
470. 02
75.79
1,785.47
2,152.20
1.661.10
3,.'>81.29
3, 108. 20
25, 000. 00
report of mr. c. w. durham, assistant engineer.
United States Engineer Office,
Kock Island, III,, July 1, ISOl.
Major: I have the honor to present my report on the operations of suufi; boats and
dredge boats on Upper Mississippi River for the fiscal year ending June SO, 1891, to-
gether with some statistics of commerce and navigation :
operations of SNAG BOAT GENERAL BARNARD.
The Barnard arrived at the Des Moines Rapids Canal July 1, 1890, and lay in the
lower level until July 16, during which time her hull was repainted and considcralilo
repairs were made to roof, machinery, etc.
On July 17 she left for below, arriving at St. Louis on the 19th, and returning
reached Keokuk on the 24th. On this trip a portion of one of the ice-breakers of
Hamilton Bridge was removed, as also were snags and other ohstriietions at or near
the following localities: Fox Island, Lone Tree, Cottonwood Island, Whitney, Hick-
ory Chut«, Louisiana, McCoy Island, Ha4;chet Chute, Mason Chute, Two liranch.
Maple Island, Sterling Island, Tindel, Carroll Island, and Marion City.
On July 25 the Barnard left Keokuk for above, arriving at St. Paul August 9. On
this trip obatnictionA were removed at or near Dallas Island; Sauerwein, Oquawka.,
2144 REPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Keithsbnrg, Turkey Island, Port Louisa, Henthoy Chut-o, Fulton Island, Arnold,
Sand Prairi<^, Bellcvue Slouch, Nine Mile Island, Fiuley, Hurricane Island, Caasville
Slougb, De Soto, Victory, Coon Slongb, Root River, La Crosse. Diamond Bend, And
Island No. 7. On this trip, for the eonvcnienee of lumbermen, suubbing-posts were
put in as follows : Two l>elow Burlington Bridge, tme on island above Sabulft, And
one opposit-e Dubuque Bay.
On August 13 the Barnard left St. Paul, and taking the J, G, Varke in tow at
Nininger, proceeded down river, arriving at Des Moines Kapids Canal on the 19th,
where the Parke was left for repairs. On the way down 53 piles were pulled ont or
cut off at the elevator at Wabasha, and obstructions were reniovc<l from the shore
above Keithsburg bridge.
August 20 the Barnard, with dredge Pha^niXf 2 dum]> boats, and 1 barge in tow,
left the canal for up river. On August 30 arrived at Fountain City and laid up un-
til September 4. the crew assisting dredge Phtvnix, which was engaged in remorin^
a portion of Island 61 and in ri]>rapping its head. On September 5 placed dredge in
position at the damnged shore protection above Alma and, a tier making some Bonnd-
ings above Read Landing Bridge, laid up until Septemln'r 11.
On September 11 the Barnard, with fleet in tow, started up river and, leaving the
fleet at llastiugs. arrived at 8t Paul on the 12th.
On September 15 the Barnard left St. Paul for below, and taking 2 barges in tow.
reached Hey t man Landing Se])t ember 20. On the way down snags were removed
from channel at Merrimac, Mettlers, Grey Cloud, Island No. 17. Beef Slough, Foan-
tain City, and Wilds, and the Pomme de Terre Dam was n'paired, as also were the
dam at Island 59 and the tirst dam below La Crosse bridge. Si^ptemlHT 20 to 23, in-
clusive, the Barnard was employed in repairing the dam across Harper Slongh snd
the shore prote<'ti<>n in Crooked S1ou|b:1i. On Se|)tember 24 and 25 the crew nuule s
survey of the river in vicinity of Pniirie du Chieu. September 28 to 29 the Bttr-
nard removed transfer in<'line at East Dubuque, taking out 53 rails, besides the ties
and stringers.
The Barnard left Dubuque for below on September 29, arrived at St. Lonia «m
October 5, and returning reached Keokuk October 10, and lay up fur the winter in
the Des Moines Rapids Canal above the middle lock. On this trip work wes per-
formed at or near Bellevue Slough, Hershey Boom, Keithsburgh, Oquawke, Devils
Island, Lone Tree, Whitney, Hickory Chute, Slim Island, Red Landing, Sterling,
and Hannibal.
In 1891 the Barnard y having been repainted and having received needed repairs,
was put in commission May 18 and proceeded down river, arriving at St. Louis on the
19th; and, thence returning up river reached Rock Island on the 27th. On this trip
snaccs and other obstructions were removed from the river at or near Hickory Chut^*,
Tisdcl Towhead, ,Tersey Landing, Enterprise Island. Dardenne Island, Anuiranth
Island, Clarksville, Saverton, Whitney, Canton, Dallas, and Port Lonisn. The
Barnard lay at Rock Island repairing sheet-iron work until June 3, on which dat«
she proceeded up river, arriving at St. Paul on the 10th. I^t^aving 8t. Paul on the
12th, she reached Albany on the 18th; thence returning arrived at St. Paul on the
25th; and, thence proce4'ding down river, tied up at Dubuque on the night of the
:^-h. On this trip work was performed at or near (ionlou Ferry, Kagle Point,
Specht Ferry, Cassville Slough, Wyalusing, Crooked Slough, (*oou Slongli, Pike
Island, Newport, Xininger, I*rescott Island, Diamond Blutf, Reil AViug, Lyoni«, Hur-
ricane Island, Lansing, De Soto, Picayune Island, Riclimond Island, La Sloille, and
Fountain City. Tlie works at Beef Slough. Minneiska, and i^airie dn Chien were
inspected, and several dams located at the latter jioint.
Summary of operations of snag boat General Barnard for Ike Jiseal year ending Jtm^SOig
1S9I.
Snags removed 271
l^eaning trees pulled back 69
Leaning tn-ts iVlbd 2, ISW
Wre«'k removed I
Posts ami ring-bolt •; put in K
Steamboat as>istf«l 1
Railr<»ad t ranstV'r incline removed 1
Miles run 4,900
OrKKATHiN'S i>K SNAG BOAT J. G. PAKKli.
The l*arkr was nut put in roinniission during season of 1890. She wiM, however,
towed from Houlan^rer Slough to Keokuk fc»r repairs. In ISSU, after receiving thoi^
ougb repairs, she was ])iit in c<»mmission May 10, and left for above on that d»y, low-
ing a fleet of dump boats, quarter boats, and barges, a portion of whidi WM^Iaft at
^-BEPOBT OP MAJOB^ MACKENZIE. 2145
Rnrk I>laiHl nii-l the reniHinili'r taken to ririnity of i<t. r.iiil, w]ii>re abe orriv-ed on
M«7 a. ^'T^•^l thu 2»tli nntil The closi^ of the tispal year tlic /'nrfre l»y at. Niuiuptr,
hrr rtr<M Ixviiig uM-il to iiinu Isunch Ehie, wliicli whh emiiloynl as tpiMler to ilnnlgp
FlMitit. ThB /'arte removed, on her way to St. Paul, 1 bihiob, hihI ton, tiiwine fleet,
630ml1m».
JdIj IK tnl8. laeo, dredge Tfttniiz removed 3 etone erilin rrntn the tall i'hiuiiit>lja«l
ImIow Mnntnwe, lowu. Id this uid Hitbacquciit work or the HfiKOji the tnwiufc for
llt# drrdj^ was pnrfoTm^d tiy xteiun Innneh Ada und thi drpilgiii):; jitaiit wiis towed
Avn point to point by tbn BOag bont fieitfral Barnard Aiignht W to n ptOTtilwr 4
tb« Andge. removed about 100 linear fept of the head ot I^ ii t h! 1 1 i I- n t iii
CitJ', tbr <lrvd|;ed lUBt-eriBl beiu^ Ibiefly cast into dpep uat i 11
tbe dredxe w«B oDgii|^ ill renioviiig the wrecked Hhore prot(< 1
37, Bknvd Alma. The grMiter part of the niatennl nns ■ int i i
■nuU porlicii whs tbruwu upon the hank Two eUiai nl n i I
^wtnAt luuuitatiuii Ht AJma wero taken out Aent I '
xork wiileniiiR I'hitiinel at the bar above HiMtincs tl
kmic. 110 f(M>t wide, and to a depth of ulmot 6 l^et it
'water iniuitMliatety «et in thron|{b tbr rnt nhteh m i
(tnriim muaiuiler of «e«Hon. 8epteiut>er J3 to J6 i)r I I
Nb. T at bar above HMting*, wfaicb had been tenipniHnl\ I iilt i i t.i n liit.i>i
Bepletnhcir 27 to Octobers, dredge was employ id miikiiifEiir ii j>)iiii>, Ihottb ut iibuie
Xlnliw^. Tbia rut ih 975 feet long, 40 feet wide and 6 feet ileei Oitohor 4 llio
ill ln1||Tim plant waa lAd up for the winter tu Bonlungir Slough
Smmmarf of ofMratioit* o/ dredge Pltartix and tttan-lamtvh Ada from July 1, ISDO, to end
CrilMt removed 5
PitvH miMIVMl 9
I>Ufnjk)i>»^i of ma l«rial removed 36
Niimbrf ofilaya coating 18.6
Id IWI IV f kavjx wnx t4>wed to St. Paul fnr repair*, which beiii|e coniplrttKl. hhn
*w]wi plsri^l OD Jniie I at work of dredjfing a yiemmneiit rbNiinrl in Miiuity ufKiuiii-
gvr, whli'b work wae ^onti^u<^d until the end of lh<' lixin! vciir.
RIVBR NOTES.
In 18B0 the river wat at a good boating stage until quite late in tlir )U'nNf<ii. niul nt
no time wan the water very low, except in thnt ]>;irt of tlie rivi'V iiliftvi' HHsiinjiH.
Considerable trouble was experienced dnring tlie wiiole si'iii«i>ii iit NitiiiiKi'v. "wiJij; to
r-makedne«a of channel, and above Rurlingtnn for a short titin'. ilin' In sUnat iv;iti-i'.
n»nH built at the latter place rauscd speedy ini|ivovi']iii'nt, TIkti' ivni' iicm'v U'hh
than 4 feet of w»er on any bar during tlie seasou, excejit for ii IVw il.tys aliini' Hiir-
In Decenit>cT, 1890. raft navigatom reported obstructions and d<'Hiri*([iiii)>rnvi'in''uls
at tbe fotlowing points above the Des Moines Rapids: Island Nn. 'M. hf^iil nl' l.iik'-
Pt-pin, Pine Ixland, Buffalo Island, Minnciska. Chimney Rock, lie]i>«' Winnii;). llriMni'.
head of Biebmond Island, Dfesbaeh, below Had Axe, Iowa Slough, I'r.iirii' li' Sioux,
Guttenberg Channel, Cassville Slough, Hurrieaue Uhiiid. uliuvc K^i^'li' l'i>iu1. I1r:id-
man lilanil, Stone »longh, Bcllevue, .SHntu IV, Ihirk Chntc, Klk liivec .-Plough,
Onnawka. and Devils Island.
In 1891 the river below Hastingit maintniucil u giHid Hlagc iluiiiig tlie i^juiiig
months and until June 30. Almve Hastingw, during .Inne, the wiiter hiif lirvu at a
low slage, but uo trouble baa been experienced, and all lioatM have rim t!irou<;h to
St. Paul without difficulty.
LambfT. — The mnnt important business connected with the navigatiim of the I'pper
MiMtissippi Kiver and its principal triliularies is the Itimber trade, whiih gave eni-
ploymrDt in 1H80 to about 100 raft boats, valued at $7.VI.OO0. Kctwi-eii SI. I'anl ainl
1*1. Lauis 74 nawmills were operated by 61 wholesale Iniii her llriuH. having an iuvewled
rapilal of about «3G,000,000. 'Ilieir maniitai'lure:) in IN!)I) were: l.iiiiilu'i'. !.'.>:{ I. (i7>i.!H>U
fert B. M.;«MugIe(s-''iO8,98e,705. In addition to ilie i,i:,hiifiMtiiierH. tln'V alv large
nnmWrsut retail or distributing lirnis mi.t t.re.l along tli.' liv.r. In IW*, lowaid
the latter part of the season, was inaugurated ou an extensiv «, ah. tin- i-afling ..f
ktgB Guniug frmt, the river aliove Miimeaiiolis. Thin ImsiucHH was coniiuiiei) in Ituf'j
MH 91 136
2146 EEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. AKMT.
and 1890. ami it is thon;;lit that it will luTonio larjror from year to yoar as the anpply
from the (.'liippewa. St. Croix, and Black diuiiuishes. Prior to 1888 hut a compara-
tively small amount of loirs and lumher bad l>een moved in the river Iwtweeii the
mouth of t!u' Sr. Croix and Minneapolis.
Stcamhonti* and frthihi. — The principal steamboat lines on the Upper MisKiuippi
River are the St. I.oiiis. St. Paul and Minneapolis Packet Company, the Diamond
Jo Line. an«l tbe Kajrk- Packet Company. There are also many independent Itoata
carrying freight and pa>sfnger8. louring ISiXl the amount of frt»ight carrietl on
boats and barg*>s was about 3;^*5.0l23 tons, and the numl>er of jpas«H»ugers. not in-
cluding tho^e of tViTv an*l excursion boats, was about 124.542. Taking into consid-
eration the logs an<l lumbvr floated in the stream, the gross tonnage for 1890 w,
4,4(K\0lX^ ton^ approximaicly.
Statement of d'\»tnhution of Uimh^r manufacture alontj the I'pper Miwtnppi Eirrr froi
MinneavoViH to St. Louis in iSCkK
Locality.
Limibor.
' Ff't /?. .V.
Minnoap<ilis 'J'>». -'mh;, i :;7
Tr.istins:s 11. »»«•.). i^V>
lV«»soot t 1 . ."hMi. \\xs
KtHl Will;: >i, .''"■>. tNn»
Alma H;:r\n>i»
"VVinona 14'.. «»iin. n ii
La i :to><v 'Jl 4 . ' 'J^. ■>.?
Onahiska :•«». >•'■:. 4««ii
Laiwii:: -i'. i:.:.«'«»i)
Prairif tlu Chii «• . . . 14. iM». •'•••>
<;utrinl»i i-z 1' e"0.iH»i^
I^hImi'usi' r.7 .(Bi i„ni
lMlli-vm» ". •'.'•' L'TT
Lvoiin T"J. •»»K'. {^^)
Shiiiglcfl. Locality.
! yumbrr. \
i:>t5. WX 300
l.lH><MXV
:^.ixx).OiH) ,
l.OiJO.rtiO I
8:«. fkX). 4HH1
' 111.1W.IHH1 :
17. 44«V 7.>(>
10. {\M\, iHX)
4.0H0,iHM J
4. :^. IHH)
::0.S00.0iK)
is. 756,0lV»
Lumber.
■ I
fWt. K. M. i
Clinton ]70.68(t.(W0
Fulton ' r.\Ono.(XIO i
Cnmani'lio 11. SiH). IHXI
Moline .W.OOO.iW ,
Pa vvniM»rt W, <e9. VOO \
Kork I:t1ana i Srt, (XHt. (HHI ;
>I uscat int* 97. 272, WO
Ktirlinutiin 'J.'i. 7ri»». tXH> ■
Fort Mailisoii 'Jl. IM**. IHX> •
Ki oknk i:{. tmo. IXW
Canttin 7, iXH>. IHXI
Oninrv tf.r<(H\(HXt '
l\ Miiijlial 2.\ tiOii. 000
St . Lnui.-* 16. tXH). <iQO
Total 1. :»•>. Ita. 097
Shingles.
ymmbfr,
56.558.000
5.6&VLW0
3.<NXI.(H10
3.<HX».000
17. TOO. 000
1R. 300. COO
50.4M.MO
ll.]M.T»
22,4<W.WP
7.IW.000
B..vx>,aoo
2.(X«O.O0O
7.OI1O.O0O
7.O5S.300
«6S,390.]0S
Statenuntot'itminttttvjfniifht rutiml and shipped from St, Louis bji the Vppfr Outfit-
f^ippi Hiver for i> tfeartt.
St. T.«Miis.
Kiveivcil
ShipiH-*! .
18W.
IJiW.
T»nt. Tont
IRi^.
Tonr.
1W7.
r>.06o ' ii3.:x»."» I lu.mjLl i:e.4u
: J-J. M7 ' 47. 560 ' 50. llW, 36. 17
170
IRML
140. M>
46. 1»
Total ; 151,507 160,865 165.255:188.570 IgT.fRO
I I
Itiveipts of lumber, /••./<. ttc. at St. Louis, from Fpper Mississippi /?ir<r dmrimff lSS7f
JSSS, i^>i-'; and 16CfO,
Y»- lis.
ls»'.»
I
\V1i't»"- ]iMlO
lu:!.iii I .
<'":ti»n-
AViM"l
Imiibrr.
I
Total
iunibor.
Sliin^lci*.
Lnth.
ricket«.
Total fvicmi
shintfkV. latK,
and pickets.
}'"•!. F'-'^t. Frrt. ' Xvmf'Tr. yumhrr, Xumhfr.
7 1 . :. :; ' I • ' > » 1 :v r.-^ ?:iV S7. :?'J.".. 8 1 0 4.\ 44!>. 1 .VI 1 6, :Bfi, 650 '. 60:t. 6W
7 1 . •■• .-.. .'. ji ' 11. i».'. 1 . : : 4r» 8.! . jSht. ] »v, 4 X WW ."xx" 21 . ;u!6. :«o " 401. ari i
:•.' ■:]■■< >. 7j .H-i S.<.0i.\-S7 iV74:!.,VHi 14.rvV.:^67 27:1.744"
1 '■ 4>'. '."■<; 0. 4.:i.. 1111 141*. •.•!'«■. itW 70. iJTi). TXi 43, 0:i4. 705 " 44*. 060 '
Xvmhfr.
62. .>9. 4MI
65. i;ViTi>2
40.6R7.6II
113.6AS«W
ISOO.
Stt-anil'i'-tt" .M'.il l•l'L.«^♦ t'oTii rpi'1-r MiHsissippi Kivi r arrivo*! at St. Ltmis 79$
Yi-*-x I r> M • I'l Ii'u'> ruri^til .tt St. I.uiii:^ tr«>iii r|>]KT Mi.stfis^ippi Kivor by nft. approxi-
111. Ill Iv 30,000,601
6tiaiiiL-<Mts and li.Lri^i\-< di p.d t« d iViMu ."st. l.iiui> t<*i l'])]!^-!- Mii»si;i3ippi RivuT 73
T!
2158 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
at- certain Hta;;os of water, running in on the lower side of the dam down near aliorey
an<l out into tlie river above the dam next below.
** It is not ex]»e('ted that enouf;h work would be found in this stretch of riTer to
keep a puiu]» dredjLce fully occupied, but it conld be employed for nimilar work on
other parts of the river and, possibly, to great advantage at the Des Moines Rapids
Canal.
**In the matter of depositing city refuse in the river, a great change has taken
place at St. Taul within the past year. An azotine plant now consnmes a vast
amount, and by tliatmuch at least is the quantity deposited in the river decreased.
It is to be hoped that means will be found for keeping all the refuse from this city
out of the river.
A list of irorka constructed and repaired, and of materials used during the season of 1890,
between St. Paul and Pxescott.
W<»rk8.
Dimensions.
Vfttcrial.
Length.
Shoi't 4 :
Dam 44
l)i»m 4.'»
I»am4«
Djiiii 47
]>ai!i 4S
l>ain 4M
l>aiu '22. v\\vuiht\
l>ain LU. hiii^lii'<l
l>aiii "J't. lnii'«li('4l
1 >aiii :«•». raisi'il
1 *ani 4l». raisiMl
lIr»vi>tiiH'iit Islainl i:!. n'pain'd .
nain:5li
l>ain:H»
Pain '2. raisiMl
I^aiii '2ty, raisnl
1 »aii! '21. raisc<l
l>ani 'M\. raisoil
Pain ;M. r.iiM-d
Fn^t.
Tot;«l
T
390
410
•J«)
270
•J20
175
40
525
ftIO
Height !
above low i
water of 1861.
215 !
225 !
Feet.
4.5
4.5 I
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
Rock.
Bniafa.
Cuhie yards.
CHbiejfmrdf.
40a.6
hOM.8
49aw3
1.314.3
3SI.2
964.8
410.6
SM.6
8M.7
I.ISSlI
9S1.9
1.107.6
120.7
441.0
534. 9
832.9
613.4
1.801.6
62.7
50.5
80.5
328.5
319.2
49.0
130.3
140.4
102.0
120.3
r
5,074.5
T87.9
65(1.3
1
3SS.5
137.5
340.1
12.044.0
**T!n' materials wen* j>nrchased in open market delivered on 1-nited States bnr|!M
at tho follnwin;; ])rices: Kock. 44.5 cents per cubic yard; brnsh, 1^ cents |)cr cubic
yard: jM»h's. o i-ents each.
rinaiuial stutrmcnt for works of improrinff Mitfttiiinippi Hirer between St. Paml and
cott durinff the season of ISPO.
Amount exp«'n<lf<l in the tirld during the calen<lar year 1SSK> (from distri-
bution sheets^ *. $12,773.7
Add rost of materials iVom lS?<i» 898.?
I^MliHt inr rxiH-ns*' of i-nttin«; temporary clianncls 7fK>. (10
1.270.
Nrt rost nf lifM Work 13.408.
A<M <|unt:i ot" ;xin«'i;il superintendence and ol!irr expenses 1, ^iS*.
A«M for ii«if ;m«l di'ierioriition (tf ]»lant 3,276.
Tot III rost nt" work 17,545.
Material put in wmk- :
ICiM-k cubic vrtnl».. 5.07
i;riisli '.do 12. tU
ToiaJ do 17, 11
2148 KtPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
rfK'k, Inusli, pil(»s, and ^ravt^l. which <*U>se side chutes and I'educeihe
low-water chaiincl to a projKT width, and in the protection of caving
banks. The ai»i)ro]>riation also ])rovides for a certain amount of dredg-
ing and other t(»iniM)rary woik for the more ra]»id and immediate re-
moval of obstructions to navi«^ation.
At. th(» coiniiHMicenuMit of the fiscal y(?ar there was available for gen-
eral imi»rovoiiient the sum of *01,4;fi>.01. The snni of $5<K),(NM» was
a])])ropriated by the act of S(»])tember 19, 1890, but this amount iHH^aine
avaihible too late to ])ermit of work on an extended scale during the
lirst half of the fiscal year. Work was resumt^d at as early a date iu
1891 as the stance of water and oth<»r (»ircuinstances i>ennitted, and is
now in ])ro^n»ss at numerous points.
lender a])]>rove(l ])rojects, work of dam constructi(m, slioi-e protection,
and rein(»val of rocks and bowlders has been earned on during the pjM*t
year by days' labor and Government ])lant Ix^tween Minneapolis and
St. Paul, between St. Paul and Pn»seott, in vicinity of Fountain (*ity
and Wilds Landing, in vicinity of ( -rooked Shnigh, at Clintini, Iowa,
on Rock Island Ka])i<ls. in the vicinity of l>urlinfrt<m and Dallas, and
1m»1ow Minneiska. By informal agreement work with jnivate jdant has
bci'ii carried out at Kead Landing and in vicinity of Teei)et^»ta Point,
at Lak(» City, at iJurlinjifton, and at Port 15yron. Tender formal con-
tracts work has been commenced between Kead Landing ami Miune-
iska, anil at Piairi(» du ('liien.
The <lred<re Phanir duiin^i: the y<»ar cut new channels near Nininger,
and furnished ♦ri'iivel for dam construction at Crooked Sloujrh.
Surveys and examinations were maile between Minneaprdis and St.
Paul, on Hock Island Ha])ids, at Read Landing, Prairie du Chien, Port
l>yron, nurlinj»:ton, Montrose, and at other points where construction
work was carried out.
The buoys and ran<res on 'the Rock Island Rapids were nniintainifil.
Extensiv(» n»|)airs ha veb(»en made to the (lovernment plant, and twenty
new barges are in coni'se of construction.
The details of all tin* abov<»-mentione<l work an* fully pven in the
a]»]KMHled re])()rt of Assistant Kn;n'ineer (■. W. Durham, which inc1udi*:<
full extracts from the re]M)rts of Superintendents .1. D.DuShane, W. A.
Thompson, and J. C. INb'I^lherne, an<l the report of M. Meigs, riiitetl
States civil enj^ineer, whose rei)oit includes extracts from the report
of Mr. f>. Kdwards, Cnited Stalc*^ ovt*rse<'i-.
The \\v\ of Coii;»ress of August 11. ISSS, ]irovi<led in a general way
for work of inii)rovt'nient between Minnea|)olis and St. Paul, and tnr
reasons tiiven in my last annual rej^ort and in accordance with tlu*
pio\'isi4Misotthe river and liarl)(»raet ol'Se]»tend)er 19, 1899, 1 presentc<1.
under (late of Sepl ember .*»0. IS'.ML a project lor the c(mmn'n<'emeut of
work ol'i-eniovin^ 1 bowlders. This work wa^ a|>])i'oved October Hi, bSWI.
and durin;» balance of season 7<> ^iianite Ixiwlders and 5 pieces of h^lgi*
ro<*k were broken up and r<Muoved IVoni channel. The act of (.'ongn'ss
a]»proved Se|)teniber 19. 1S!M). pro\i(l(Ml under item for '' Improving tin*
.'\Iississi|)pi River from tiie lan<linii' on the west bank biOow the Wash-
ington Avenue Rrid^e, Minnea])olis, to the \h'r^ Moines It a) dds,^ as fol-
lows: ••Of which sum also fifty thousand d<»llais shall be expendwl !>«'•
twetMi the Cliica<;(». St. Paul, Alinueapolis and Omaha Railroad Hridgi'
at wSt. Paul, and the Washington A\enue I>ridg«*, Minneapolis, in
<lred;^in«;, removal of jiraNci, liowhh'rs, and brok(»n r<M*k, and the nrti-
st ruction of (hims and rcNetmi'iits." A {nnject in c(mf<»rnnty with the
reijuirements of the act of < 'oiiures^, was juesented h'ebrnary 2.'J, IStU.
and approved rehruary ->», 1S!M. This [uoject pro^Mhses a continuation
•1
2160 REPORT OP THE* CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
Liiit of trorku vonniruvtrd, trith amoMnt^ of materiuh vHed dmritiif the sea90M of 1800, mi
livad I.andiMft tiHtl nViwi/y of Ta^jKrota Point.
Ih'si;;iiatioii.
DimonsioDA.
I
I Uoijclit above
T^'ngth. ] low water
I of 1AM.
Sliovt r>:
Willi: l^;nn 4 (ii<-w> "
Wiii^ Uaiii T^ (iH'W)
SluMt II:
Willi; nam 4. n-pjiin'jl
Willi; l»!iinl». iv|»ain'«l
Feft.
730
8(t0
Fett.
4.0
4.0
3.0
S.0
Haterial.
Brush.
hTSLS
l.SI4.t
412. S
SIaS
n.tai
5. 168.9
3.M7.8
Fimniri'il iifalimtnt for irorkt* at Bead Landing and ricinitif of the Terpeeota Point,
formal under agreement during seawn of 1890.
Aiiionnt p:ii<l contnu-tor $8,087.09
Cost ofhujil iiisiMM-ti«>ii. t*to 49R.tS7
\\\\\ (plot a ot'^jt'iiiTal Miperintondt'nce ami ofiice t*xpeni<e8 1,316.61
Total «ost of work 9.899.97
Material \n\\ in:
lio»k ciiliic ynrds.. 5,169.9
hY\\>\\ do 3,967.2
Total do 9,137.1
Avi'rajx<- «ONt pvr (.Mibii* yanl iu place $1,083
* • • • •
K KIWI RING DAM AT HEAD OF POMME DE TERRE £iU)VGH.
Owv l»ar;:(* loatl ot* rock waj^ plared in tin* break of the loiif? dnm at Pomme do Terrr
Sloiiirli. tlif lalMir l)t'iii^ ]M'rtorined by the crew of the euag boat General Barnard.
Cost olnuk iiM'd was i^^lJ.PO.
VKIMTY OF Fl>rXTAlN CITY AND WII.DS LANDING.
()^^in;:: f<> lark of t'muU. (»peratioiit» at these localities were not comnieiicc«l until.
<)«ioli«'r,
Knun tln" report of Mr. W. A. Thompson, superintendent in local charge, the fol —
]nw in;; i> tak»n :
" riii> woik Mas ptTt'oriiu'd by (iov4'riniient plant and days' labor. The launclie^
Hinihi and .Itio bit Houlan^fer *Sb>u;jai October 4, with bafp*« 22. 36, 66, 68, 76, 97,.
biiil'linir b;iiir«» 11. ipiartrr boat 7'>, i»iT»* driver 73. and ju:raK8lio])per iu tow. Octolier'
li tlii^ ill t'T r«:i<'li«'il Ar^xo Uar, 1? miles below Wilds Landinju:. where the first work wa»
to 1m- <Ioim>. l*h(> lannrli Ado ]troeeeded to Heytman Lauding and returned to Argi^
It;ii « >i n»l)ii- s. with barp's 101 and lVf2 in tow.
"A I Aiirn ri:ir a ;:reat deal of troubb> bad been experienced by Hteamhoat« aniL
rati'- ilniiiij: the la.Nt season. The <'liannel was originally down the east Rhnre, but
in l.v^l» tlieii- \v«re L' ehannels: one. as bef«»re. down the eant side and the other down.
tile \\««»t -^iili-. mitlier beinjj good. It was btdieved that then was the time to forr^
tli«' ( hannel t«i the wi-Nt si«le. as ]>ropos<Ml in the approved pn»jeet for this stretrh of
ilie ri\ir. < )\\ iijM to the laten«'ss of the .season, it was impossible to do all the work
nen'''*:!!^ tor the priuianent ini|>i-o\emt'nt of this [lart of the river; aud, owiug to laek
otriindv. woik rniilil not hi- rcsiinied until late in tin* scawm of 1X90.
" To ]>nt a ^ood < h:Minel di>\> n the west side. Wing Dam 47 (sht^et 18). that hail been
rMniMMiierd ilir t.ill l»et*i»re. \> a> laiM'd an avt-rage height «if Oft*et. making the rniwu
Ml ih»' ilani \,'» t«ii .ihu\<- loNv water, ami Closing l>am 2 tslieet \H) wom n*|iair«Hl and
i;ii>.rd :ihiiMi t t'l t t . niakin>: ilie erown 4if this ilani 1 f«'t*t abovi' low water. Ry thesr^
nie:in-^ t he I i\ « I w M-H ii'diii ed lo about one-half its original width, and a giNKl. Mtrai|eht^
."• tool • h.nirii 1 ^^ a> iiiade. w lieif it \\ as pro2iose4l to have it. No further trouble i
2150 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
no-(lo.tjii]od ostiiiiiites of cost of completing tho entire work can well be
now made. Projticts for the expenditure of each appropriation, in ac-
cordan('(», with a])pr()vcd i)lans and inotliods, are presented in lieu of a
general project for the completion of work, it has been the custom in
carrying outwork on the Upper Mississippi to select, when fhnds are avail-
able, such localitiesfor improvement as maybe at the time most detrimen-
tal to navigation. Each and eveiy locality thus improved has a beneficial
result on the navigation of the whole river, and, as the slioalest bins
have been improved from year to yejir, the ruling navigable depth has
boon considerably increased. By this method, the good effects of work
are spread over the entire stretch of river, and the improvement of the
riv(T, considered as a whole, is made progressive, the expenditure of
(^a<'h successive appropriation resulting in further and imm^iate benefit
to the interests of continuous navigation.
SCMMAKY OF KXPENDITUKKS FOR CALENDAR TEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
MiriiH'apolis to St. Paul:
SiirvevM $2^988.39
Keinoviil ol" rocks 744. 51
3,732.W
St. Paul tnPresrott W^ttll!?!
Keiul Laiidiiit; nnd virinity ol" TcMMift'ota Point 9.MR4.H7
Vicinity oi" Foiiiitain (.'ily ami WiliU Laiidiiijr :i0,528.ti5
l{ci)airiii<^ J'ouimc da Terrt', Dam 49.42
Crooked rtltm^^li 1,079.06
liock Island Ha].i<is '. 10,981.85
Buoys on I?ork Island Papi^ls 389.93
JIari»or at l>nrliii;;t<ni 2, 195.18
Vicinity ol* Hnrliniftnn and Dallas 23,815.13
►Snrv<\VH and {^an.icrs 745.24
Care, n-jiair, and <M>nsh lulion of plant 9y«')30.53
rty
Total 97,540.16
GKNKKAL S'lATKMrNT OK lUCOKUTS AND KXPKNDITURES.
Expended l>v ViincluTS IVom llic connnonceinent of iniprovciueiit to
Jnlv 1, \x\h:
si. Paul to Dcs Moines liaj)i<ls $1, 5G2.09fi.aO
Minnca]ndi.s to Dcs Moines Ii:ii>idM 690,6H2.66
Harbor al Laki- City (St. Paul t<» D«'S Moines Ka]>ids) 13. Ji"»l. 17
Pra<'tical test, of Adams' tlunic (St. Paul to Des Moines lia])iils).. *22, ITlllS
Total 2,288,290.16
Deduct amount nM cived from siiles of fu<d !i4M6.68
Ditduct auiountncrivc'il l»\ t »::nsfcr set tl«*incnt with Quarter-
master's Dc]):irtnicnt, account ol sah' of fuel to otlicers ir><>. 29
Deduct anujunt rcecivtMl from sale of rt»ck 1,078.05
2,181.03
Net cost of improvement 2,286,109.14
IJiilanres .Inly 1, l.s}»l :
St. Paul'to Des Moines Kapids t $2. 045. 88
Minnejipulis to Dcs Moin<'s Kapids 4(£), 314. 98
411,390.86
Tot ill ap jiropriated 2, 097, 500. i"0
*Jn addition to tliis Mnu)unt Mr. Adams e\p«'nded 4'8.0(X), a])propriate4l by ai't of
August 'J, if<f<'2, as a separate iti'Ui.
tOf this amount $1,(>-15.83 pertain to Lake City Harbor and $248.40 are nonpay-
luents.
APPEmOIX A A — ^REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE.
2151
ABSTRACT OP APPROriMATlOXR.
St. Paul to Dos Moines Rapids :
By act approved —
June 18, 1878 $250,000
March 3, 1879 ,...: 100,000
Jnnel4,1880 150, 0(H)
March 3, 1881 200, 000
By act passed August 2, 1882 250, (MX)
By act approved —
J lily 5, 1884 (gonornl iniproveiiH^nt) 250, 000
July 5, 1884 (applied to harbor at Lake City ; 15, 000
August 5, 1886 ' 382,500
Minneapolis to Des Moines Kax)ids :
By dct of August 11, 1888 000,000
By act of September 19, 1890 500,000
Total 2,097,500
Net expenditures on the various sections of the river between Mhincapolis and the Des
Moines Kapids from commencement of improvement to July 7, 1S91.
Locality.
Hinueapolifl to St. Paul (Omaha Bridge) . .
St. Paal (Omaha liridgii) to Prestrott
Prescott to liead of Lake Pepin
Harbor at Lake City
Foot of Lake Pepin to Alma
jlLlma to Winona Bridge
Winona Bridge to La OroAse BriA^e
La CroAse Bridge to McGrfgur Bridge
, McGregor Bridge to Dubuque Bridge
Lkibnque Bridge to Clinton Bridge
Clinton Bridge to Rock Island Bridge
Kock Island Bridge to Keithnburg Bridge
Keithaburg Bridge to Des Moinos llapidH.
iiig
Survej'S, gauges, and meter- work
Snag and dredge boats and wreck
Facilitating navigation through bridge.s
Plant at esTimatc^ value
Piuctical test of Adams* Hume
Total
Amounts.
Pi,
511,
5«,
13,
278,
*J7!»,
109,
90,
82.
57,
95,
70.
391,
91,
:i9,
1.
79.
147.99
l«:i. 50
220. -.n
:t54. 17
312. M
942. m
544. 59
305. 75
729. :j5
297. i:i
9.'):>. M
071. K5
:{70. 50
7(i5.5|
4'M.VM
•MW. M
917. (M)
170. h:i
2,280, 109. 14
FINANCIAL STATKMFNTS.
1. General improvement.
Jnly 1, 1890, balance available $01,432.01
Amount appropriate*! ])y act of ScpteiiiluT 111, 1X!M) 5(X), (MX). (H)
RecreivedbytTauBfersettlcmentwitbC^uarteriiiastcr'rt Dcjiarhnt'iit, .'iccoiiiit
of sale of fuel to officers 150.29
501,588.30
204, 955. 32
Jolyl, 1891, balance available 35(i,632.98
2. Applied to Lake City, Minn. (Act of July r,^t<iS4.)
Jnly 1, 1890, balance available
July 1, 1891, amount expended durin;; fiMial yrar
July 1, 1891, balanea available
$2, 515. 83
870. (X)
1,645.83
•OfthU
132.75 ai« DODpttyttieutM on WAtnmi of t4;iit of Adaiuii* flinuo.
2152 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. B. ABUT.
8T. J'AUL TO DKS MOINKK RAriDS.
Money statement.
July 1, IWK), balnncp iinoxpni(le<l f2, 764.23
{{(•(•Vivcdhy traiiHt('rsottleiiieiitwithQiiarteriimHt'«^r'HD«imrtnientyn('rmiiit
of sail" on'iu'l to ollh-tTs 151.65
2,9ir>.K8
J iiiu* 150, 1891 , amount oxpeinlt'd during tiscal year . . ., 870. 00
.Tulv 1. ISOI, balaurc uucxmMultMl 2,<Xi5.88
July 1, ISDl, nutKtan<liii«r hahiliticH 248.40
July 1, 18i)l, balance available " 1,797.48
MINNKAI'OUS TO DKS MOINES KAIMD8.
. Money HtatemenL
July 1. 1890, balauct' unoxpomled $61,432.01
JicrVjMMl by transrri'srttb'im'nt witliQuaTtcniiaHtorVDepartiiioiit, accoiiut
of sab* of fut'l To otlb't'i'M 4.64
Amount aii])ro])riat4Ml by act aiiprovod September 19, 1890:
<M'u<*ral iuipi'ov«>m«*nt $408,000
ISi'twecn ('bira;;o, St. Paul, MinneapolU and Oinnlia Kail-
road JSri«l<>:<' aud Wasbin^ton Avenue Hridjje .')0,000
Hurlin^ton, Iowa 5,000
iMontrorte, Iowa 2,000
Kast(!bannel. Prairie du Cbien 30,000
Port Bvron, 111 5,000
500,000.00
561,436.(5
July 1, 1891, amount expended during fineal year:
' ( Jeneral improv(>ment * $138, 616. 47
IWtween (.'lii<-a<;o, St. Paul, MinneajioliH and Omaha
Railroad lirid^e and Washington Avenue Brid};e 2,312.25
Hurliu;;tou, Iowa 1,905.62
Moulrose. Iowa 1,278.93
Kant Cbauuel, Prairie ilu Chien 6,617.54
Port Hvr<Mi, III 1,360.86
$152,091.67
.Tuly 1. 1891. balauee unexpended 409,;M4.S)8
.luly 1. 1S91. outstanding liabilities:
(•eiicral improvenieut $1,404.25
Kasi Cbauuel. i'rairie du Cbien 625.29
July 1. 1X91, amount eovered by nne«impleted
foulraeis:
(ieueral improvemeut 38,261.73
Kast Cbannel. Prairie du (Uiien 12,.572.38
2, 029. 54
50, 834. 11
52,863.(E>
July 1, 1S9I, balaiiee available :i56, 481.33
.July 1. 1^91, aiuonuts available under general and R]H*eial
allot UK'Uts are as follows:
(ieneral iuipro\ euieut $291,154.20
Jb'twern (.'liiea^o, St. Paul. Minncapolin and Omaha
lijiilroad Mrid^e and Washington Avenue Bridge 47,687.75
I5u rl if ij:loii. Iowa 3, 094. 38
Montrose, Iowa 721.07
Kast Channel, Prairie du Cbien 10.184.79
P«.ri P.vron. Ill 3,639.14
a'i6,481.3S
Amount that can l»e ]»rotitablv expended in fiHcal year ending Jane
:^<», i89:j 1,500,000.00
Submitted in eom])lian('e with requirements uf sect ions 2 of river and
harbor acts of 18tk> au«l 1867.
APPENDIX A A — ^REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE.
2153
Ahsfraci of propimaU Tfcei red and opened hij Mnj. A. Murhnzir, Corpn of EtifiinrvrH, at
jRoek Inlandf III., Fthnmrtf^ 'JiO, IHUlj at J p. m.^for **cou:ttnicthi(f and repaii'uuj damn
and nkort protections of brush and rock heUcevn Reads Landing j Minnesota, and Minne-
islca, Minn"
[Thero in available for thin work from appropriation of $500,000 made by river and harbor act of Sep-
tember 19, 1800, for ** improving Mifwiiwiippi Kiver from Miuneui»oIiH to Dhh Moin(>rt Kapi«U '* an ul-
lotmeut of $50,000 made by pru^t approved January tf, 1891. J
No.
Name and renidence of bidder.
! Kock in place, ' BriiHh in place,
25,000 cubic yurdH. 20,000 cubic yardH.
Total.
Per
cubic
vanl.
I»cr
2
a
4
5
Nehomiah Martin and Timothy Mitchell, HaAt-
ini(M, Mimi
AiMln-w lMant*y, St. Paul, Minn
Albert Kircluier, Fountain City, WiH
Jai*ob Klchtuiaii, Fountain City, WiH
Wm. A. PatterHon and Sabret T. PattcrHon,Keo- j
kuk Iowa . I
A. J. Whitnoy.iioiiiiiland; IU'.V.".*.V.*.'.".V.V.V.' !
Total. ! cubic
I yard.
$1.35
1.15
1.17
1.20
:J5
30
$.'W.
28.
29,
32.
750
7M)
250
000
750
5<K)
).(K)
.00
.50
.27
.48
.05
$12,000
12.000
10,000
5.400
9.000
13,000
(irnind
t(ital.
$45, 750
40, 750
39, 250
35, 400
43, 350
45, 500
Abstract of proposals receired and opened by Maj. A. Mackenzie, Corpn of Kntjineerti, at Itovk
Inland, III, February :J0, ISUl, at 2 p. w., for conntrnction of damn and nhore pro-
tections of brush and roek in riciniiy of Prairie du Chien, fl'iHconHin,
[There ia available for this work an allotment of $30,000, made by the river and harlior act (»f September
19, 1890. from appropriation of $500,000 for "improving MiHfliHHi])pi River from MinneaxioliH to Ih^
Moiue8 Kapids. J
No.
Name and residence of bidder.
1 Nehemiuh Martin and Timothy Mitchell, HaHtingx,
Minn *.
2 .lames ('olemaii and John U. S. Coleman, Davenport,
I Iowa ,. . .
3 ! Andrew Dtdam'y, St. Paul, Minn '. . .
4 Sid. J. Tnmx and (ieor;;e J. Uetherinj;t(m, llaHt-
ln;rs. Miim
5 A ll>ert Kircliner, Fountain City, Win
6 ' Jacob Kichtman, Fouutiiin City, Wis
7 I William A. Patterson and Sabri'tT. Patterson, Keo-
! kuk. Iowa
8 , A.J. Whitney, Kock Island, 111
Kock in place, j Itrush in place,
14,000 cubic yards. 1 4.000 cuhicyanls.
Per
cubic
yard.
$1.35
1. 25
l.lrt
.89 '
1.<'9 I
.90 ,
t
,90
1.00
Total.
$18,900
17.5(M)
1(5, 52U
12, 400
15. 2W)
12,OuO
12. 600
14,000
Per I
cubic I
vara, j
Orand
total.
Total.
.$0.00 $8,400 ' $27 300
45
Oo
44 '
.39 j
, ,'»0 ;
,40 ;
,60 '.
0. 3<K)
H. 400
0, 100
."». 4Ch»
7, 000
5. COO
8,4UO
23, HIM)
2I.0L'0
18.020
20. 720
1!). 000
1H.200
22, 4 IK)
Abstract of proposals received and opened by Maj, A. Mackeuziey Corpn of EnyhievrH, at
Hock Inland^ Hi., February 20, ISOl, at 2 p. m., for eonHlrnrlintf damn and f<horr protec-
tions of bruah and rock l)etween liellevue, Iowa, and Savanna^ 111.
[There is available for this work from ai)nropriation of $500.(KH). mado by i-iver and harlnir act of Sep-
temlM^r 19. 1890, for "improving Mississipi)! Kiver from Miuneai»olis to'lJcM Moiiien KapidM," an allot-
ment of $25,000 made by pn»j(M;t appro ve(i January 6, 1891. J
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
K(M'k in i>lace. ; Hnish in ])lac<',
13,0(H> cubic yards. lO.OOOcubic yards.
Name and rcsidcno^ of bidder.
er
V
cubic
vard.
Total.
I'er
; cubic
I vard.
Nehemiah Martin and Timothy Mitchell. Uastin;;s, <
Minn *. $1.40
James Coleman and John n. S. (*<demau, DaveniNirt, '
Iowa ' 1. 25
An<lrew IVlaney, St^ Paul, Minn i 1. 28
Sid.J. Truax and Geo. J. iletherin<|:ton. Hastin;;s,
Minn 1.14
All»ert Kirchner, Fountain City, AVis J . 0 )
Jacob Kichtman. Fountain City. Win 1. 20
William A. Patters<mamlSabretT. Patterson. Keo- :
kuk, Iowa O.ro
A.J.Whitney, Kock IsLiihI, 111 l.OO
$18,200 $0.60
16,250 I
ic,o-:o I
14,820 !
14.170
15. 000
11.700
13,000
0.45
0.64
0.40
0. 39
0.27
0.38
0.00
Tt)tal.
CJrand
total.
$6,000 $24,200
4,500
6,400
4,000
3,900
2, 700
3,800
6,000
20, 750
23, 040
18,820
18. 070
18,300
15, 500
19,000
2154 REPORT OF THE CHIKF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. AKUT.
RF.roKr OK MK. r. w. nrnifAM, assistant knginkrr.
United States Kngixekr Offick,
I\ovk Island^ lU., Januarg 31^ t89U
Major: I liavo the honor to submit the following report of operations for tbe im*
ii-ovciut>ut of the Mississippi River in the division under my charge, extending fhim
Minneajiolis. Minn., to the viciuitv of Bnrliugton^ Iowa, for the calenflar year end-
ing December 31. l«iK):
MINNEAPOLIS TO ST. PAUL.
\
Surreys and craminations. — On April 25), 18iX), an examination of this part of the
river was made, the party starting from Minneapolis with a skiff, with a view to in-
qniring into the tV>asibiIity of improving navigation by rt^moval of rocks and bowM>
ers. A very swift enrrent was found for the greater part of the way to Met*ker
Island and inuch nuigh water, indicating the existence of many rocks andbowlderv.
The least depth ot" water fonnd was 3 feet, the stage at St. Panlby the enginc^or giiage
reading 2.8 leet. Below Meeker Island no serious obstrnct ion was met with, exi*e|it
a row of cribs with connecting chain across the channel ut a point ahont 1 mile above
Minunehaha Creek.
On May 1 the laun«'h Ada, drawing about 2 feet, went through from St. Panl to
Minneapolis without ditbeulty. the tmly delay being caused at the cribs above men-
tioned, where the chain had to be cut. On May 5, at a stage of 2.6 feet at St. Paul.
the (ivntrul Jianiard, <lrawing 3 feet and 3 inches, ran without trouble from 8t. Paul
to the point where the boom company has placed the cribs, and was then obligetl to
turn baek. On June 2<). at a stage of 6.2 feet at St. Paul, the liarnard went up as far
as the Franklin Avenue Hvidge and was there stopped by n»cks. These rocks removetl.
she ean ])robably go to Minneapolis at a 5-foot stage. By these examinations it wan
demonstrated that the channel could be considerably improved by removing nteks
and bowlders, which exist in great numbers.
In .Mine and .Tuly accurate* surveys of the river were made by a party in charge of
Superintendent J. D. I)u Shane from the Minneapolis steamboat warehonse to a
]>oint 1,200 feet below the Franklin Avenue Bridge; from head of Meeker Island to
Short Line Bridgi*; at Marshall Avenue Bridge, (iroveland Park, Minnehaha Creek.
and Pike Island. Tht^ cost of these surveys, including work in the office, wa^
$2,J*8S.3l>. Fr<»m Mr. Du Shane's report the following extracts are taken:
"Actual work of the rapids survey began .June 9, the time from the 4th t« the 7th
being used for establishing stations, setting gauges, and practicing the rr«'W iu
handling the sounding boat in the rapi<l current when not interrupt^'cf by rain.
'*As the current was too rapid for holding the sounding boa ton line withoars, a S|)eri»l
tjickle, described as follows, was devised lV>r maneuvering it: A 1-inch rt>pe, about l,06l>
feet long, was stn'tehed across the rivt-r about 10 feet above water and made tant
by a capstan at one end; on this holding line ran a snatch-block to which a half-
inch rope or dro])])ing line 2r>0 feet long b^d from the sounding boat; to the 1d(M*k
were also attached two half-inch ropes or hauling lines, each long enough to reach
across the river and su]>])ortiid. on each side of the block, on the 1-inch holding-liue
by 2^-inrh iron rings fixed to the hauling-lines at points 25 feet apart by small «*ti]d-
shuts. Tht> sounding b(»at could thus be held against the rapid current, dropped
downstream, ami hauled across river as required. In practice the holding-line was
ki*pt perpendieular, as near as may be, to the direction of the current, and was
changed in position up or down river as work ]»rogre88ed, from l(X>to200 feet at
e:uh moving, three skitfs being placed under the line at suitable points for holding
it out of tin* s^\ ift water while being moved. The sounding boat, a small vawl, was
dr<i]>])rd In feet at a time, making the sounding lines practically parallel Irom shore
to short' and Id fiet a]):irt ; the boat was hauled across the river by two men on each
shore, the s]ard being maiiitniiuMl as uniform as ))racticable and the soundings be-
ing takiii at intervals ni' 10 to l."» fert on each line. The soundings were locat€*d by
intersection from twn transit instruments on shore, tbe intersections 1>eing taken at
every fourth sounding on the sounding rod at the instant of verticality , a signal be-
ing given iVom tin* soundinir boat.
the
Avenue
dis-
tanre a seanh. as thoroii<ih as the stage oli water would pennit, was made for rocks«
autl 17."i MM-ks. ImwMrrs. and patches were located^ Many more smaller bowldeni
could have been located had the water been at a lower, more favorable stage, aa
many of the bowlders did not show a distinct break in the rough waterof the rmulda
atthetinu* of survey. <'»*|iccially in the vicinity of the Franklin Avenue Bridge.
However, the largest were located and many of the others can be readily ISrand dur-
ing ^iM*n ironi iiic souuuing ooat.
"In this manner tlu- river was thoroughly sounded from a point 100 feet above th
Minnea]»oli^ steamboat wan-hmise to a point 1.2lX) feet below the Franklin Avenu
Brid;;«*. near tl»e head of Mcek«'r Island, a distance of 7,UCK) feet. Within this dii
ing Ilia iiroKretwrif any opctuiioiiH wliJi'h mny bn iinilrrtukpn for l.lio rnnnvnl fif tlioNH
ikltvntly luratavl. 1
"Siiiin'lin^. Itl niiiliiiiiiilion ■■!' tbote »n the rapide, ven^ laicen friini tlio lii>ud uS
MMiker Ixbiiil t^> Mix Hlmrl. Line Brid^x, a ilixtAiice of 2,li00 i<'«t. Tbv -ouniliiiKM
weru tnktiii 15 ti< IW IVd. :i|i.'irt, on iiamlTol liiiM 40 Toot apart, eiti>iii1iN|: rnmi <ilior*j
to sUore, Tbc tackle liaviiiu heen. abanilonoit at tlie foot of tlii> rHiiiils, tli<'>ii< wmuit- '
ing were taknn fr»m n rowhoatand Incated aa above deevribpd. Tweul.V'twd IiomIt'
(l«n wore locat«il witblu tliis dlBtniica. . U
" TliK linttoni of the rivei' from the Minuenpolis landing to the BiuiTt Linu llriitcftl
i» piini]MiKfliI of bnwldnrti varying in size from one-half foot to 2 feet or more, inUrd ill-
plan's with coiirBu gravel; it may be likened to a itniet paveil with cobble flloiirH, an.'
closely are the bi>wldera pockcit. A narrow bar in iiiid-Htri'am, romtioKi'il of miiim^
fcmvol nnd nmnll botrldprs, extenda fVonaliave tlie MiniipnpoIisLMiiliiiKdoi^ii rivor--
•Bvornl hiiniiriHl fpot. Thia bar is dry, or uearly so, at ita upper eud duriug low sum- ,'
iner Bta^oa. J
"In lulditioQ to the abovp survey there wpre mado exaniinalioua of bIiouIh at thai
Marahull Avenue Bcidj^e, Groveland Park, Minnehaha Creek, and I'ike lalaiiit. The.|
leuKtti of rivut covered by those exaniinatiuns la about 3^ i[iil«it, Souudiii^cH wetQ^
maa6 tcoia a rowboal and located by InturHeetiouB with two Iraiiait inHtriLiueiiM, .
The Bonndiuge nere taken 15 to 20 feet apart on parallel liooa acroHn the river 41) feet.]
apart, except at Marshall Avenue Bridge, where the tines are 25 feet apart, mid at I
Grovelaail Park, where for one-third of the diatanee the linoa are 20 feet apart. |
"At Marahall Avenue Bridge tho bottom is onmpoBed of small bowlders nndcoarM ■
gravely at Oroveland Park the bottom is similar to that at Mnrahall Avenue Bridges
eixc«pting along the right bank, where for 50 to 100 feet ftoui shore in a deposit ot
aawilnst, slabs, and muck. At Minnrhahn Creek the bottom is gravel, with scattering;
anull bowlders, while at Pike Island it roosiste entirely of gravel, excepting noar the
ahoree, wbern it scnnia to bo eonipoaed of sand, aawdust, and slabs.
"Temporan gan^rea w<u« established at Minneapolis Landuig, Franklin Avbiiim;
bridge, nml Gruvclaud Park. Daily readiuKs of these gauges and of tliatatHt. Puul ,
were kept.
"Pennanciit bench-marka were establiehod at Uinneapolis Landing, Franklin
Avonne Bridsei and Marshall Avenue Bridge. The tirsl two were I'onnei'ted by
lcv«I«, cMrofult j taken, with bench-murkn of Mi),ior Allen's survey of IS8T.
"Penniini>iil stationa were made at all but three of the transit stations ooi'iipieil
for locating sonudiiigs on the rapids survey. Those permanent stations conBiiit o£,
granite bowlders, set Hrmly in the ground and marked with a x (cross) thiscleil into^
the top of the bowlder, the center of cross being center of statu
tbeoD BlatiouH have been referenced and are fully descri
b<e readily identified for fntnre work. • • -
" Obaervations were taken for velocity of the cnrreut
Operatiotui in renuicing roekt and bomlder*. — Thia work w
ent Du Shane, whoso report is here given:
a map, and they
" Tlie ri
itisaippiUiverfrom Minneapollni
ftppropriat*^! ^ (50,000 shall be (?&pDuui:u uDb^rcn^ii uu^ vuii^i*^,,, *:-._ .. . _, .._
and Ouiaha Railroad Bridge at St, Paul and the Washington Avenno Briilgn, Minne-
a expended between the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis
apolis, iu dredging, removal of gravel, bowlders, broken rock, and the
ui dams and revetment«.'
" Under a project, dated September 30 and approved October 14, 1890, work of re-
moviaif rocka from the river bed below Minneapolis wm begun by a aniall purl.y on
Octulwr IS. Thia work was carried on by day's labor. Between tho Fruuktiu Ave-
nae and Sliort Line bridges there were removed by bloating 78 granite Imwlders and
5 iitftnen of ledge rock. The bowlders varieit in size Ciom 1.5 feet to 6 feet in diania-
tor; the le<lge rock from 4 feet by 4 feet to S feet by 16 feet on one face. The thick-
iitiM of ledge rock was not aaoertained, though the holes drilled for blasting weru.
n-»m 2.5 f>'etto3 feet in depth. With a few exceptions all these rocks were so cr—
idet«1y broken np astoleuveno trace. WLonever large pieces of rock remilined b<
l.lttBling, they were either huulei) ashore or further broken up by blasting. It ._
thonghtthatallnf the mo«t daugeroua rooks within the channel limita between theso
bridges have been removed.
"Owing to cold weather, with heavy snow, operations for the season were snl-
pKDded November 8.
"Cost of removing rocks, including quota of office expenses, is ST44.51.
" Aa port of n general system for the permanent improvement of the river botwcfn
AlinnenpoliB imd Bt. Paul, work should be dona during the season of 18BI ut the r»1'
lowing places: Opposite foot of Pike Island, removal of sevoral log cribs from thr
obaAticI and protection of left bank (this high, sandy bank ia being rapidl^v washed
' ■ ■' ' er. forming an obstructing bar at tlie foot of tho island); at I'ieherman
d of log cribs from channel and cat dri-dged through gruvcl bi
^_Lf4o the river, for
^^Bhnd, removal oi
2156 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF KXOINEERS, U. 8. AKHT.
i;i:ivrl t«» 1h' n-^rtl fni' f-ln>iiiir.iljiiiis in si«UM-Iiiitt's; )>osKil>|y s<»iiu» i1r4Ml(;iii^ lirliiw and
.'iIhiM' M ir>-li:ill Amiiih' liri<1;^r: 1m>1(»\\ thr Slutrt Line itritl^e, ri*iiiov:iI cif'ji («'W Mi-at-
tciiiii; roiKs: ri'iimxal ol'i-<>(*ksoii rnpiils aliovv Fniukliii Att^iint' ISrid^^ niul iH^twecn
thr )i«M(l oi' ni]»i(K :ui(l tlit> laiulin^ on \V(>st hank Ih'Iow tlio Wasliiugtou Avenae
" While it i-^ in)t tliou^ht tliaT tlie vrUM^val of howMrrs ami rorks from the nipiiUi
will t'unii>li a priiiiaiH'iitly ini)>roV('«l «*lianiiol sntiirimt f«»r i«af(> ami cuhv pasMiire
1»\ tIm' lai'iitT I la>sis of stvaiiihoats. it wilJ no dotiht answer all tin* rt*(|iiircnuMitA of
iiaviu^atitin : tor. at least until a s\st(>ni of inii>i'ov(Mnciit liy locks aii«l «laiii8 iA f«kui-
]»htiMl. this stretch of viviT will Ik* put to litth* t'oiuniercial «tH\ «»xri»pt for niniiing;
l«>«rs tViMii Minneapolis to tin* lMH)ni works beltjw V'lke Island. H«»w«»v«»r, alionld Uicka
ami ilauis «>\er he liuilt. nuieh of the work near the Iioad of tlio rn])id8 and all thnt
ahove the i-ai)iil> iirevion^ly mentioned as work that slH»uld he done during 1891
would loitu a part of the ]>ennanent iinproviMnent hy this system.
i Ml i Kti>l»er \'J, 1S!H). when the Tnited States en^im'er^aiijje at St. Paul read 1.1 feet,
the <:i iieial tl()>t h «>f river in ehannel on tht> ra]dds above Franklin Avenue Hridce wan
2.."i i'e«t. ihoui^h hnwhh-rs and r(»eks projecting ahove the river b«>ttom r«MidenHl the^e
rapids inina\iua1de at this sta^e for any class of steamhoatH. The navijpible depth
in ehaniit-l ai Meeker Island was 8 feet; above and below Marshall Avenue Bridge,
2.r> feet: at Fisherujan Island. l.r> tVn't: beh>w Hiuue, 3 feet ; bidow Fort Snelling, 3
feel: between St. i'aul an»l Preseott, .S..'> feet.
*• In reeeni years the quantity of mill refuse dnm]>ed into the river at Minneapolin
has threat \\ iliminished, hut there is > (>t a large amount {Jcoiiig in tlironglmut the greater
part nf the \«-ar. The (piantity nt'city refuse and garba>;e d«'p«isited in the river lA.
liiiwe\er. on the iner«'ase. Since the «'ity crematorium was abandoned, alHtnt 1 year
airi), all the irarh:»;:e and other refuse «'ollecti'il from this city of*»ver l(k).(lUO inhabi-
tant«» is. 1 am ini'ovmed. dejxtsited in the river. This city refuse pn>veis not onl^* a
nuisaue«' and a i-nnstnnt nienaei' to the health of a lar;::e community along the river.
hut a1s«» helps to form obNtriietions to naviiration at h'ast as far iw Ihresoott, WU.,
■tl mile"- ImIow Minneapolis, and. possibly, to Lake Pepin, s«une 20 niile« farther.
In th«' inii rest^ ot* na\i>j:ation and of the health of steamboatmen and of thoae eon-
ne« ted with ri\er iuiproxements amf de]KMidcnt w«)rks. whose occupation reqiiifM
theuj to li\r oil the n\erdurin;i a ;;reat part of the year, it can notice urged too
siiouiilv that all ile])osits in the rivertd' n'fus*» fn>in the mills an<l from the eity should
reaNi-. MoieoN er. It is Hot to be ex]n'rted that the liver can l>e permanently improved
for nasiuation hetueeii Minneapolis and St. Paul S(» long as these de]>ositM con-
tinue.
In leLrard io ihf stretch <»f the r]»per Mississippi River between Minneapolis and
St. |*anl I Omaha Ilridirc^. it may be said that from St. Paul to Minnehaha Creek the
rixer is i»f the same «:jeneral character as the river between St. Paul and Preseott and
can readilx ami cheaply be ini]>roved and ada]>t<'d to the navigation of tlic large8t
boats pl\ imr the Tpjur Mississipjii h\ the nu'thods em]doyed on the river below St.
Paul. liui. tVi»ui Minnehaha ('rei*k n]». tin* river assumes a dirtert»nt charaeter. the
eurreut beinu mm h swil'tcr. in fact at sonu' ]UMnts so rapid that even boats of con-
sitlerable ]Mi\\<-r would have great ditliculty in stemming it, and the iMittouiat mnny
point-- i^ io!ii]i.ised ot'grav4*l or rock, with large accumulations of liowldeni. Hy re-
nun iim bri»k»n roek. iiravel. and bowlders, as called for in the act of 8e])tein1ief 19,
1NH\ iht ehaiiiiel will he only ])artia11y improved as to depth, perhaps enabling lNiatii--irf
to go u]» at a sduiewhat lower stage than at present ]»ossilde. Even if the eh'auneL^
w I re jliep'iuii and w idemd by the I'xpensive exeavatinn of the s«did-rock bottom, the
lone ot' the euireiit wiuibl come into play, seriously retartiing or effeetually rheek-
ing boats heaxilv ladeucd or of smaller ]>ower. s(» that it is believed, and this lieliel
has herei«i|ore been expressed by many otln*rs, that Xo ]»ractically improve the nn|
]iart. --aN iVitiii Miuiuhaha Creek, nr at all events from Meeker Island, to the ^^ ash — -::
iuiitiui Avenue lJridu«'. some form of canali/ati«m <»r slackwater improvement wil -
bt' neer'«'«:jl \ .
ST. PAVl. TO PKKSt'OTT.
I'nder ]»rol.it of August VX ISIH), operations were carried on by hired labor an^^
(itivt riniH III ]»lnui. material being purchasetl in ofuMi nnirket. lVtai1s«)f this impoT*''
tan I wnik are uixi ii in the following extract from the season's report of Mr. J. I^^
Dn ^hau^^ ^nju'viuii-ndent in local charge:
«- • •
••Ojieratioiis wen- rr«»umed September S, 1SI^\ at Pine Rend. Dams 24ancl25 (ahec>'^
•1 \ bit uuiiiii^heil ill 1-v^M. were com])lct<«d: dam 22 (sheet ■I'i was lengthened. X,^
this ]tla>e. as a le-^ult of the wiuks of improvement acc(mi]disli<Ml during 1888 an^^
\s\HK a iiio*«t (!•->«; rable i-orrertion of the river was ma«le. th«' channel now followin^^
the b«-u«l aloim tin- right bank
••(Ml s.-]it ember LM the ile«t was moved to lirey (*loud Landing. The ahore |iwr-^
tectioii ol Island i:; was ]e]iaiied. Dams 11 , 4. 'i, it). 17. 48, and 49 (sheet 4) were CQK'^
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2157
•
striicted; Dudih 44 and 45 are located below DaniH 7 and 32, reHpectivelv, while Dams
46, 47, 48, and 49 are Imilt from the right hank helow Island lA. liy i\wHv dams the
water was directed from the right bank and held down the mid<lle of tlie river. The
rectified channel now continnes directly from the foot of Island 13 to Grey Cloud
Landing.
**The fleet was moved, October 24, to Nininger, where Dams 32 and 33 (sheet 5)
were built from the left bank belows Dam 26. Dams 2, 26, 27, 30, and 31 (sheet 5)
were raised.
** Operations were suspended on November 3, and the fleet was laid up for the
wint<?r in Boulanger Slough <m November 4.
"On September 12 the dredge Phoenix j attended by launch Ada, liegan a cut through
the bar opposite Dam 10 (sheet 6). This cut was finished September 23 ; h'ugth of cut,
500 feet ; width, 110 feet. The dredge then removed the outer (temporary ) en<l of Dam
7 (sheet 6). On Septei^il)er 27 the dredge was moved to Nininger, where a cut through
the bar along the right bank was l)egun tlu» same day, the material ]»eiug cast on
shore. The cut is 975 feet long and 40 feet wide. This work was susponded October
3. The dredge and two dumps were laid up for the winter in Houlauger Slough and
the launch Ada turned over to Superintendent W. A. Thompson on October 4.
"Works of improvement should be constructed during the season of 1891 at the
following idaces, or so much thereof as funds will prTUiit or the interests of naviga-
tion demand, all of which works form part of the general syRtein jinnjccted for the
permanent completion of the stret<'h of river inider cousi<leration : Dam above Dam
13 (sheet 2); dam below Dam 28 (sheet 2)j dams at Islands 4, 5, 6, and 7; dams be-
low Grey Cloud Landing; dams opposite Nininger; dams above and below Hastings;
shore protection opposite Island 1 may need extending, also that below Newport
and that below Pine Bend ; the left bank below Island 17 and the right and left
banks above Hastings should be prote<!ted.
"Repairs should be made as follows: Dams at Island 1; dams o]ii»osite Newi)ort;
revetment above and dams opposite, Robinson Rocks; dams below Nininger.
" The condition of the river at Nininger during the latter part of the season was
such as to cause boats much trouble; the channel, being not only siioal in places but
narrow and very crooked, rendered it impossible for the larger class of steamboats,
bound upstream, to pass this place without going ashore, there not being suflicient
room for maneuvering. While this status existed no relief could be auorded by
works of improvement, for to undertake any work at this time would mean the com-
plete obstruction of navigation diu-ing the remainder of the season. In all proba-
bility close attention will be demanded here at the opening of nsivigation in 1891
should a low stage of water prevail. A medium stage will be the most advantageous
for continuing operations, as it is essential to good work hen^ to create (leposits
l>elow the dams of the obstructing 8a^d, re<iuiring it to travel the least possible dis-
tance downstream. Work should be coumienced here as soon as practicable in order
that the«e bars be kejjt out of the channel immediately below, where, for the next
mile and one-half, the works of imi>rovenient are now practically completed. Should
these bars get into this ]»ieco of river, trouble will ensue during the time reciuired
for the bars to travel this distance at least 2 or 3 yesirs. The bars are already
so ftir advanced that to secure the l)est results it may be necessary to operate the
dredge, even at serious disadvantage, in connection with constructitm woA.
" While speaking of operating a dredge in connection with constructicm work it
may be proper to state that for removing temporary olistructing bars more or less
dredging will be necessary during the continuauce of work for regulating the river,
and also occasionally after the completion of these works. It is not to be, exjjected
that all ni(»ving sand Vill l)e eomplet(?ly contndled by the works when finishetl to
the present adopted channel widtli, an<l so long as such movingsand remains within
the channel limits, st> long will temporary obstructing bars form, and the jkhhI exist
for their speedy removal, if the best interests of navigaticm are to be served and
consequently promoted. To accomplish this removal for some years after the regu-
lation works are completed, a <lredge will be required at least a small part of the
season of navigation. Owing to the advanced st^te of the work in this stret<'h of
river and the large accumulations of sand between the dams and back of islands, ac-
cessible dumping grtmnds are becoming scarce, so that only occasionally can a])lace
be found convenient for dumping dredged materials. A hydraulic dredge would, I
believe, furnish a means both convenient and economical for removing or redu<Mng
these temporary bars. By this method the dredged material could be de)>osited,
through pipes, near shore between the dams, when^ it is not only most desirabhi,
but also most diflicult to create deposits by the aid of regulation works alone. Fill-
ing these pockt^ts, which frequently exist, thus connecting the, shores with the
deposits already <'reate<I by the dams, would result in a double benetit ; nanu'ly. re-
nuiving the obstructing bars fnmi the channel and pn'ventingthe formation of other
obstructing bars by sand which is carried out into the ehannel again from deposits
oncecreatcdaudsotlesirabletoretain, the mt»vement of this sand being due to a current
2158 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
•
at certain stn^rcs of water, running in on the lower side of the dam down near ahore^
and out into tho river above the dam next below.
''it is not expected tliat enough work would be found in this stretch of river to
keep a pump ^Iredge fully occupied, but it could be employed for niwiilftr work on
other parts of the river and, possibly, to great advantage at the Des Moines Rapids
Canal.
'' In the matter of depositing city refuse in the river, a great change has taken
place at St. Paul witiiin the past year. An azotine plant now consumes a vast
amount; and by that much at least is the quantity deposited in the river decreased.
It is to be hoped that means will be found for keeping all the refuse from this city
out of the river.
A lint of works constructed and repaired, and of materials used during ike season of 2890,
between St. Paul and Pyesooti,
Works.
Shoot 4 :
1 >Hiii 44
Dam 45
I>am4fi
Dam 47
Dam 48
Dam 45)
Dam 22. oxtf lulcd
Dam 24. iliimlioil
I>am 2'». liiiiHhfMl
1 >aiii ;J8, raisod
Diim 40, rainrd
Uovftrnt'iit iHlaml l.'{, ropairtMl
Dam:{2
Dam 33
Dam 2, rainiMl
Dam 26, ruLned
I )am 27, raiseil
Dam 30, raiHed
I>am 31, raiHcd
Total
DimcDBlonB.
Length.
Feet.
390
410
280
270
220
175
40
525
640
215
225
Heieht
ftbovelow
waterofJ8G4.
Feet.
4.5
4.6
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.5
4.6
4.5
4.5
Material.
Book.
Oulbio yards,
409.6
493.3
364.2
410.6
390.7
323.0
120.7
634.9
643.4
62.7
50.5
80.5
328.6
319.2
49.0
120.2
140.1
102.0
120.3
Bnub.
Cubic ysrdi.
1,048.8
1.314.;i
964.8
894.6
1.135.1
1,107.6
441.9
832.9
1,891.1
5,074.5
767.9
66013
'283.1
335.5
137.5
349L1
12.044.9
"'Hk* matorinls were iinrchased in open market delivered on United States barynv
at the follnwin*; prices: Kock, 44.5 cents jier cubic yard; brush, 26 cents per cubic
yjird; poles, W <'ent» each.
Finuuv'uxl statement for works of improving Mississippi River between St, Paul and Prts-
eott during the season of ISOO,
Amount expended in the field durinji: the calendar year 18JK) (from distri-
bution Hheets) '. $12,775.79
Add co.st of mat (Tials from \m^\ 8SW. 5S
13,«74.»<
Dedmt tV»r materials on liaiid ISIK) $50.'*. 78
l)ediict tV»r expense of cut tin*; temijorary channels 7(15. (X)
1,270.78
Net cost of field work 12.4n3.fiO
Add i|Uotji of j^rneral su])erintendence juid otlice expenses l,><fw.!^!J
Add for use nud det<*rit)rati()n of plant 3. 27H. 40
Toi al <'ost of work 17, .>ir». H2
Material j)Ut in work.-:
lioek cubic yards.. r>J)7l..'»
Drusli '.do 12, IM4.0
Total do.... 17, IW..'»
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJ(5r MACKENZIE. 2159
Average cost per cubic yard on bar^cu $0. 321
Ayerage cost per cubic yard for towing; and ]>iittiii<^ in matf'rial . 404
Average coat per cubic yard for ^oneral HIlp<>rillt«•lMl('I1<'(^ and ofHco ex-
penses 1 . 109
Average cost per cubic yard for plant . 191
Average cost per cubic yard in place 1. 025
#
PBE8C01T TO LAKE PEPIN.
Owing to tbe late passage of the river and liarbor bill and tbe groator need of
work above Prescott, no work was uudcrtakcu in tliiH stretch of river during sesison
of 1890.
READ LANDING AND VICINITY OF TEEPEEOTA POINT.
In order to regulate the channel above Read Landing Bridge, whieli had become
very crooked and difficnlt to run, two wing dams were built out from the right bank.
Some needed repairs were made to dams in vicinity of Teepeeotci Point. There
follows the report of Mr. W. A. Thompson, Huperintendent in l(»cal charge:
** For many years a bad bar h<aR been across the Htcamboat channel op])OHite KeiMl
Landing and above the ponton of the railroad bridge which caused many requeHts to
be made by steamboat owners that something be done by the (government to make
a permanent and easy channel above and through the bridge draw.
"Owing to*the lack of funds, nothini^ could be done before Octob«'r, when an
agreement was entered into with Jacob Kichtman, of Fountain City, WiK., for the
construction of wing dams above the bridge from the MinneM(»ta shore. The price
was $1.15 per cubic yard for rock in place, and 54 cents per cubic yard for brusli in
place.
'•Two wing dams were constructed; one (No. 4, sheet 13), from a point on shore
1,500 feet above the west end of the railroad bridge, and the other (No. 5, sheet lo),
from a point on shore 615 feet further upstream. ITiese dams were built very
strong, owing to the great quantity of heavy ice that comes out of Lake Pepin
nearly every spring and would come directly agaiuHt these dams. Extra heavy
double mattresses of brush were used and weighted well with rock. Dam No. 4 has
au average width of 35 feet 'and Dam No. 5 a width of 'iO feet. The construction of
these dams was commenced October 18 and was completed November 19. These
dams cause a largo Volume of water to be thrown into tlu^ main channel that before
Sassed through the opening of the bridge west of the draw. No further trouble to
oats crossing this bar is expected.
"In 1878 and in 1880, several wing dams were built in vicinity of Tctipe<'ota
Point. For many years previous navigation had been very ditlicult in low stages of
the river. After the construction of these dams no complaints were heanl from
river men regarding the condition of this part of the river until a year or tw(» jrgo.
Upon examination, several of these dams were found to be in very bad condition.
Several have bad breaks that draw otf a large quantity of water from the main
channel.
''After the dams at Read Landing were completed, Captain Jacob Kichtman was
authorized to begin making these repairs, at the sanu^ prices for material as he re-
ceived at Read Landing. This work being commenced late in the season, only two
of the dams could be repaired. Dam 4 (sheet 14), from the right baiik at Tcepee-
ota Point, had a bad hole in it and the shore jirotection had been washed away.
This dam was put in good condition and work on Dam 9 (sheet 14) was commenced.
This dam is from a small towhead at the mouth of the Zumbro River. The old
shore protection had l>een washed away and the towhead from which the dam hail
originally been built had cut away, back 150 feet from the end of the dam. The
depth of water in this open space was from 12 feet to 16 feet. Across this hole a
new dam was built and a new shore protection put in where the dam now connects
with the shore.
" Work was suspended December 3.
" It is recommended that the n^mainder of these dams be repaired as soon as ])osHi hie.
''Mr. C. A. Stoddard, inspector, performed his duties with zeal and ability.''
2160 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS^ U. 8. ARHT.
Lisf of irorkH comttnivfed, with amoMnts of mater'mU nned during the 9ca9on of 1890^ cl
Read Landbiff and vicinitjf of Tcepeeota Point.
Di'si^iatiou.
iShci't i:t:
Win^i' l»aiii 4 (nrw)
Win;; Djmii 5 (m-w)
Sheet U:
WinK I^rti" ■*. n'p;iin'<l.
Win;; Dam l», rt'iiaired.
Total
Dimonaions.
Lenj^li.
Feet.
750
880
Ileiglit above
low water
oflM4.
Feet.
4.0
4.0
3.0
S.0
Hat4*iial.
Bock.
Cubic yards.
2,447.4
1,398.1
560.4
7!i5.0
Bnuh.
Cukicfmrdi.
1. 724.8
1,214.1
4112
ei&.3
6,168.0
3,967.3
Fiutntviitl niatvmvnt for worl'H at Read Landing and ttioinitg of the Teepeeota Point, per-
formed under agreement during season of 1890.
Aiiioiiiit paid oontnuftor $8,087.69
Cost of local insiHTtion, etc 495.(77
A<1<1 i{uota of Kt^'ii^'i^'iil siiporiiiteudonce and office expenses , 1,316.61
Total cost of work .*... 9,899.97
Material ])iit in:
YUu'k cuYuoyATds.. 6, lfl9.9
Hnisli do 3,967.2
Total do.... 9,137.1
Avera<j:e <i».st i»er cubic yard in place $1,083
r. # « « # • *
ItKPA IKING DAM AT HEAD OF POMME DE TERRE SLOUGH.
■
One liai'irc load of rock w:lh jdaccd in the break of the long dam at Pomme do Tern
Sloii;;:li, tlir labor b<>in^ ])erfonnud by the crew of the snag boat General Barnard,
Cost of rock used was $4:3.JH).
VICIXITY OF FOT'NTAIN CITY AND WILDS I^NDINU.
Owiii;;: to lack of fnndrt, operationn at these localities were not commenced until
( >ctol»er.
I'roni \\\v report t)f Mr. AV. A. Thonipson, superintendent in local charge, the fol-
low in;; is takrn :
"This >v«»rk was ptTforiiied bv Oovernnient plant and days' labor. Tlie lunnchf^
r.wihi and Ada left Hoiilan^T'T 'SIoU|j^ October 4, with barges 22, 36, 66, 68, 76,97.
liiiiMiii^C b;ii';;r 11. ipiartrr boat 75, j>ih'. driver 73. and graHslio]»per in tow. OctolnT
I) ilii-* liii'i reaclitMl .Vr;i;o Har, 2 miles below Wibls Lan<ling, where the lirst work wns
to lie done. The launch Ada ])roceeded to Heytman Landing and returned to Arpi
liar Ortobrr H. with ]>arp's 101 and 102 in tow.
"At Ar«x<» Bar a ;;n'at <leal of trouble had been experienced by steumboHtH ami
rafts durifi;; the last season. The channel was originally down tlie eaHt hIioh'. hul
in ISSD tlirn* wrre 2 channels; one, as before, down the east side and the other down
tlir ^v^st sidi'. neither being good. It was believeil that then was the time to font'
the ehannel lo the west side, as proposed in the approved project for this Atretch •»!
the river. Owiii;; to the lateness of the season, it was impossible to do all the worl:
ncrissary for the peniianent iinprovcuient of this ])art of the river; and, owing to lack
of funds, >\ork eould not 1m> resuiued until late in the season of 1890.
"To jHit a ;;o«»d ehannel down the west side. Wing Dam 47 (sheet 18), that hml lieeii
e<»iuuienei'(l the fall het'iiie. was laised ail average height f»f (ifeet, making the erowii
ot' the dam !.."» leet al>o\r low wati'i'. and Closing Dam 2 (slieet IH) wan repaired i\w\
r.iistd :ihout 1 feet, making the crown ot'this dam 1 feet above low water. By thesi-
nii-ansthe river \\:is reduet-d to about one-half its ori;j:inal \vi4Ith. andagf»od, atraight
5 foot eh:innel was uuiilt'^ w heie it >\as propostMl to have it. No further trouble irt
APPENDIX A A — BEFOBT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE.
2161
expected at this point. This work was com|)leted October 20. and the fleet moved
up to head of Blackbird Island (No. 65) one mile above Wilds Landing. Here, as at
ArjB^o, a great deal of tronble was experienced in getting rafts around tlie liead of
the inland, as a high Hand bar had formed above and worked down til] tiiere waH, by
moKt skillful handling on the part of the pilots and favorable winds, Just room
encMigli for a half raft to pass through, and for several months this could only be done
in daylight. Many rafts had caught on the bar and then swung around onto Uie
head of the islsmd and broken up, causing great delay and cost to the owners.
** In 1881, two closing dams were built west of Island No. 65, one from Island H5 to
Island 66, and the other from Islan<l 66 to the Minnesota shore, and the hcatls of
these islands had been protected. Since then these dams have been ciit down by the
ice till their crowns were only 1 foot above low water, permitting a large volume of
water to be diverted from the main channel, and about 400 feet of the protection on
the head of Islimd 65 destroyed.
"It was decided the first work to be done was to build two wing dams from the
Minnesota shore in such a manner as to throw the <'urrent against the lower side of
the bar and wash it away. ITie first Wing Dam, S3 (sheet 18), was built from a point
on right bank 1,000 feet above Closing Dam 22 (sheet 18). This dam is 615 feet long,
and the crown is 4 feet above low water. Wing Dam 34 (sheet 18), is from a point
on shore 750 feet farther up river; it is 300 feet long and the crown also 4 feet
A^ove low water. TTie Closing Dams 21 and 22 (sheet 18), were raised to 4 feet above
low water, and the head of Island 65 was again protected. Shortly after the com-
pletion of this work, the channel past the head of the island had widened out sufll-
ciently for a whole raft to pass through without difficulty.
"November 10, the fleet was moved up to Fountain City, where, during the season,
mach trouble was caused the pilots in getting their rafts around the head of the
towhead above the steamboat landing; The conditions were almost the same as at
Blackbird Island. Hiree short wing dams were built out from the left bank, above
the towhead in such manner as to force a channel straight down the river awav
from the towhead. Two more wing dams wore thrown out from the right bank
farther down stream, to hold the channel past the landing at Foimtain City. Some
slight repairs were made to the shore protection on the towhead, to the shore pro-
tection opposite Fountain City, and to Dam 7 (sheet 16).
" December 2. Owing to the river being full of floating ice, the fleet was laid up
for the winter in Fountain City Bay, and all work suspended for the season.
LUi of works constructed and repaired, and of materials used during season of 1890 in vi-
cinity of Fountain City and Wilds Landing J Wisconsin.
Designation.
SbeetlO:
Closing Dam 7 repaired
Sheet 17:
Wing Dam 33
Wing Dam 34
Wing Dam 35
Wing Dam 36
Wing Dam 37
Wing Dam 38
Win^Dam 39
CloAin^Dam 22 rnincMl
Cloning Dam 21 rninetl
Shore protection, Inlnntl 05, repaired
Shore protection, lahanil 6J, repaired
Shore protection opposite Fountain Citv ropuired.
Sheet 18:
Cloning Dam 2 rniiieil
Wing Dam 47 raisetl . .*.
Dimensions.
Length.
Feet.
4.0
0
0
0
0
Cu . yd».
90.9
1.77:{. I
J,05o. 1
1, mi. 0
9:{7. 9
670. 1
8.')J. 0
477.2
507.8
511.2
004.5
48.0
01.2
474.3
1..VJ8.2
Total i 11.280. I
615
300
325
275
145
250
180
600
470
400
Heiglit
above
low water
of 1864.
Feet.
4.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
175
850
4.0
4.5
ISIaterial.
Kock.
Brush.
Vu.yds.
106.1
900.
047.
718.
875.
i.o:{o.
1.1.''>8.9
587. 1
456. 5
280. 0
.>
9
4
4
4
1
208.0
2.291. :i
ll.79.'».6
13N(J 01 13G
2162 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Financial eiatement for work in vicinity of Wilds Landing and Fountain Citif dMrin§
season of 1890.
Amount expended in tbo field during the calendar year 1890 (from distri-
InitioiL sheets) $17,798.35
Deduct cost of material on hand nt close of scnson 453.17
Net cost oinHd w«»rk 17,^16.18
Add ({uota of general Hnperhi tendiMice. and office expenses 2, 730. :<fl
Add for use and deterioration of plant 2, 493. 11
Totalcost of work 22,569.59
Material put in work :
Koek en hie yardB.. ll,28fi.4
lirush do..-. 14)79f>.6
I'oles (2,L>06) do.... 229.6
Total do .... 26,311.6
Cost of material .' $11,166.M
A verajje eost per cnbie. yard on hargCB ■ $0. 4244
Averaj^e eost per enbie yard for towing and putting inmaterinl .2343
Average eoHt pt^r cubic yard for general superinteudeuce and oflice ex-
penses .10C<8
Average cost per eul>io yard for plant .DM}*
Av<'rage cost per cubic yard in place . 8579
VICINITY OF CROOKED SIX)UGH.
A large break having occurred in the dam across Harper Slough, due to the nndtT-
mining of the soft bank at the island end, it wafl repaired daring Jnne with gravrl.
fiirni.Mhed by I United States dredge Phoenix, and rock, purchased at LynxvUle. Ste»m
laiineh Ada and the erew of the snag boat General Barnard were employed on the
work. Cost of rock used was $1)37.24.
nroYS ox kock island rapids.
The buoys were reset A])ril 10 to 15, 1890, by steam launch Luda, There wen'Sn
])uoys in the system, 27 of which were sc^cnred to the rock bottom by bolts mul.
eliaiiiK and !> were held by aiiebors. During the season, several of the bnoysweri*
carried away by rafts but were aft-i^'wards rephvced.
Xovrmber 1!) to tl'J, the ranges were adjusted and the buoys were taken up aud
stoiiMl for thi^ wint«*r.
The. cost of buoyage for the season of 1890 was $389.93.
nENCII-MARKS AT UOCK ISLAND RAPIDS.
Xoveinber !) to l'> tlie beneb-uiarks wore carefully examined, repaint-cd, and r^
nuuibered, so as to preserve them for future use. Number of beuoh-marktf is 67.
IMI'KOVIXC UOCK ISLAND RAPIDS.
Tilis work was in local charge of Mr. J. C. McElherne, superintendent. Intke
early ]>art of the season Mr. MeKlherne made very frequent trips over the rapidSf frr
the. ])i]i-{M»>:i> ot'asee.rtainiug the views of steamboatmen regarding the improveioents
aln-ady earried out and those ])roposcd. He succeeded in obtaining expreasioiiH ^f
o])iiiion from nearly all of the pilots and masters of boats navigating this part of the
river. The optrrations of the season, which commenced August 7 and ended Deftfm-
ber H. consist fd in the removal of ])atches of rock at Cabin and St. Louis chaiufiliic
means of sti\-iui-<lrill auil ilrcH^^c '{'he proposed work at St. Louis Chain is now com-
pleted, tliMi :ii r:iliiii ('h:iiu uiMi'ls >o. SiHiir >iiiall patehi'S of roirk near rMiek(*ri^L
rh.-iin, broK«'ii upiu |NS*». weit- irnioMil h\ dieilm'. Most tif the broken nnrk lakiu
up by di'edgo W;i> deposit i.mI in Su<-lvii- (.'liutc for the purpose of cUecki uu thii si<ld
ilMft tliom; bnt the amnJl annaut gntheied at Duok Creek Chain wns ilnmpeil 1iC' J
tWFrrii llin towbead and Ike lonn nhoro. '
Til" pluiit iiseil rcinaisted of xtcain drill bont, with ponder bnat, liuidinK IioikI,
fOnI Hat, and niinrtor boat, dtedgn Ajax, Inum-li louinr, and 6 rock flats. TlicdriMlgnl
wo* t;ikeii to Knukiik, Kovonibor 8, Iml thercet nf tbu flont wiucmpluyudutitilelosa ■
The Mloyiiag extrucia oro mucla irtitu Mr. MoEIIii>rue'a report:
"Oil August 7, operations wore cninmenced by tbn drill hnatntSt. Lotub Chain, fur
(bi- tmr[H>se of deei>oii<iig nud wideuing the rliniiiii!) by riitirnly runioving tlin miiny
•l»i>;:<>roM9 olistrnotiuna existing iu that loculity. In ordor that blasting mlslit l>«
. ..i'm>m) ->t> nitbout IntJ'n'upttiig uitvi;ratioii UDtil siic-h a time lut u drndgo mielit, lin-
c, Li!.!!.!!}, a section (No. 1), averaging 70 feet wide by B75 lent in leuetli,
iii; the tintiro length or the extrema lllinoia side of the piopoiied cluin-
. . . n. was ohofien aa the initiiil work. Fointe wero first establiNheil, btv-
II <: III'!' iiiillird, and flexible ranfe poles Net therein, completely outliniug the area
In i|ii>'r<uiiii. Tlie drill boat «a8 tlien placuit at the upper end and on the llUuiiiH
aide lit thiH uection and ao mauoiiverea by means of aut^hurH, liuois, and spuiU un In
n]*erule directly bcfobh the sei;tion, and at richt angles witli the current, aovcrinc
tiingcs 56 feet wide sucressively, and, while iloiug eo, uiiikin^ 4 feel movca, thereby
•PiMiring a oarefnl soundiog of the river bottom at each sEiftmade by the l)oiii.
Itnngo poles were kept plauted, and so reguluted on shore as to iniiure the bou['H
hiiing properly held on tJie correct lines. By the time this xoction was wotl(e<t over
the arrival of dredge AJax left the drill boat free to proooed with the adjoiaing jiatch
(No. 2). This, togetber with 3 others, comprising the remainder of the oTiHlriii'-
tians at fit. liouis Cbaiu, were staked out, when reached, and treated according to
the same established plan.
"The obatractions met with PoiiBistod partly of loose rock nndsomegrnTol, but
mostly of aomerouB bowlders and solid rock ledges, both large and Hinall, ranging
fromO.Sfoot to 1.5 feet or 2.0 feet above the grndeof 4 feet below low water of ItltH.
" The drill boat is provided with two Bteiun drills, oiontited on oarriaees i>apahta
uf being moved alon" the gnniiel u» reqnireil. Tliose drills ore AimiBbeil with slici-l
pointe, star-shaped, ^ inches iti diuuioter. With them holes wore mode 4 feet anarc
in the case of solid patches, if of u sixe to require tbeni, and bor«(l to a depth of
from 18 to 23 inches below grade. The bole» wnre t.lien thorouglily cleaned by mcniiti
of a water hose, with long noxEle, passing down tlirough a cooper tnlie tirmly bold
iu each one. This tube, 3 inches in diameter and uf suitable Iciigtb, bos a slot ii>i
one side, extending its whole length, to faoilitAte the esoape of deliris. n&d after tlio
obarees are ramm^ soniirety to tJit! bottom to penntt the placing of tlie mres ciiii-
nnctins them. When tbeluuiUiig was ftnisbed, the connecting wires were miiii-il
with the letdingwires, thus coniploting the eiretiit, and the drill boat wiis then
moved about 50 1'eet away and the bluet llred by electricity,.
0 then
*' October 27, the drUl boat finisbed work on St. Louis (.'hain. In the accomplish- |
mrnt of this work, she succeeded, after a great dual of laborious shifting, sounding,
etc., in shattenng all solid fonnatinns found projecting above grade, within the ci
tire area, a space averaging 300 feet in width by 000 fret in length.
" As it was deflnitely known at the close of the work on St. Louis Chain that tlie
dredge wonld in a very few days be taken away, the drill boat was immediately set
at work on Cabin Chain, beginning at the upstream end with aviewnf selecting and ■
destroying as many as possible of the rock patches already known. Theonegreutly g
feared by river men, a compact ledge 1 feet wide, 8 feet long, and 14 inches abuva J
grade (on which the steamer Ben IhrikTi/ and oneofonrdnmpboafa were sank), and f
others of adangiTiinatype scattfred ihrouahout theleuglh of the chain were selecti'cl'l
and broken np prior to tlio departure of the dredge. Sulisejjuently the method of |
proccding originally described was pursued and a good portion of the lower end nf -
the chain disposed of; but as it was deemed best 'not to disrupt the bottom of tlif
channel too ranch without means at hand of remo vine the material, andasthowiiirly
vea^er interfered grciitly with correct soundings, the boat was moved to the largo
hiEh patihrx alireiut of pirr No, 11. Blasting on theae, although well on towurils i
I <,ij^)il< rr.i'i. wLih brought to a close on December 3 by the snddeu appearance '■fa
I'- of the rock mot with was gwiif rally a mixture of siiml a
rv :',u ,1 III' ioMtof St. Loula and Cabin i-lMilnit. <vbi^re It was fnuii-l
<i ",L.^ u.,,.1 ..i.v burr) Iu diill.
[ifiL August JU, the dtciigu AJiijr, Laviiif; arrived I'ruui Keokuk, wiw u
2164 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
f lowiiHt roam end and on Illinois sidu of Section No. 1, at 8t. Louis Chain. TheBoi-
torial on thiR section, as well as that on Section 2, was dredged, out as floon as nos-
ti'ihh\f the Ixittoni examined, and found to Ik?) well down to grade. This gave a clear
width of i:^ feet, ho that, with the aid of aline of large range poles, set inaud
dearly delining tlie Illinois edji^e of thtt iniproved channel, aU steamboats found
am]>le Hpaee to navigate there, thuH Nccuring more room and. freedom of action for our
plant on the nntinisiied ])ovtLon of the chain.
•• On Sci)t<'mher 2*.> the dredge, having canght up with the drill boat, was sent to re-
move the -material lilawted hiHt Hcason above Duck Creek Chain. There were four
])atehe8 there; one. Mason Break, was ni»ar Buoy No. 19; the others, of wldoli one
was un immense granite bowlder on which boats occusioually struck, were la tlie
channel above Bony No. 20. Theitu having all been found without difficulty and
dealt with as intended, the boat wan, on October 10, returned to finish up atSt.Louitf
Chain.
*' It having ha])pened that the boats were brought too close toj;cther for advanta-
geous working, the dredge's time was utilized for a while in trying to procure nn-k
tor utid in dams along the Illinois shore Ix'low Crab Island and below Cabin CThain.
V«-ry little was found at the former place, and mostly small bowlders at the hitter.
•*'A careful sweeping with iron rail, made after all dredging, having fullv demon-
strated that the desired end had been attained, the dredge was, on October 2^, started
on Cabin Chain. In order to make the most of the little time remaining to her, she
moved about between the head and foot of (yabin (*hain and removed several of the
highest ])atches blasted. She was taken away on November 8, leaving those pati'heti
of niinor importance, together with tlie intervening spaces, for future work. Mwt
of the material obtained at St. Louis and Cabin chains was deposited in Sucker
Chute tor the ])uri>ose of slnitting otf the draft of water, while that taken fr<»m
l»:itchrs abov<' Ouck Creek Chain was thrown between Duck Cn.*ek Tuw-head and
tlie I(.iwi( shore on the line of a dam contemplated at that place."
Ihtoih of oprrations.
T.aun<-h Limisr.:
Ibnirn run ift^
Mihs run 2,143
Drill boat:
Hours worked UlS
Hours lost oaring to rafts 57
Hours lost, owiihg to a<.'eiilents ■ li
Hours lost owing to storms W
Numlier of holes drilled 1, !W
Number of holes blasted 1. flS
A verag(j de])th of Iftdes, in inches S)
Number of soliil ruhii- v:irds l»lji>ted ( anproxinnite) l.ftTJi
NuiulxT of pounds of dynamite us»mI 3.'i.'i*'
Ihrdi^r tjajr :
Hours worked r>4»i
Hours lost owing to rafts 4S
Ihmis lost owing to accidruts •!
H«mrs lost owing to stnrnis 11
Number of solid rubi** \ arils dredged ami remoxed U. IW
riuaiu'ltll titiitcmrnt for iinju'mi nn nf nf Utnk hlomt h'ophiH for hvumok »/' /.V.'«(/.
Amount eNpeiided in the licM fnr i he calendar \ ear 1><fK> ( from distribu-
tion sheets) " ^».47H.19
.\«ld (|M(»l.i nt";cefu'r;il sup«'rrnlende!Hi- and olliee e\])enses l,4;viAt
Add f*»r u>e iind ileteriorati<»n of plant 4, 174.3'
Total co>l of work l."5,10d.<^»
I
l^M-k hrokeii u]) and diedgi'd at St. Louis and Cabin chains, solid cubic
yards \^^
Kock broken \\\t at Cahin Chain, solid <"ubic yards 261
liock dredi^eil at St. Louis and Duck Cri'ek chains, solid cubic yards . 721
Kock put in dams al Sucker (.'hute and Muck Creek, eubii: yards 2, IW
Allow iii-r tl pel' culiii- \aid t«ii the loi k put in dairis. 1 otimate the Ci»st jjer wdiiT
«uliic xaidof ilii loiK hioUrn up and dr«dv.ed al J|7.L'0- of rock blai*ri*fl but not
dii-d;;«.d, at ^i'o.l.M; of loeU diedyid, at +1.1M».
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2165
HARBOR AT lAKK m V.
i
Some repairs were m»<le to the pier at Lnko Cily. T)(>failK of the work are given
in the following report of Bnperintoiultriit W. A. 'I'hunipsou:
**Thi8 pier was const rnctea in 1«87. Owing t<» the Aopth of water being from 20
to 28 feet at low- water i^tage. for moHt of the length of the proposed pier, and the
imiall amonut of money available for its couHtnirtion, it wuh decided to lessen the
coHt by making a fooudatiou of gravel dredgeil from the gravel bars in the vicinity
of Lake City. After the cribs were pnt in place a large quantity of gravel was de-
posited on the outside, to protect the pier Irom moving ice and the action of the
waves.
'* On the south side of the pier, and at its outer end, this gravel had settled in 3:
years from 3 to 6 feet. Consequently, when the ice broke up in the lake last springs
several of the plank were loosened at their ends, and, during a violent storm in Aprils
115 of these planks were pulled out and washed away.
** The work of repairing was commenced October 21. The oak plank that were lost
were replaced by pine plank 3 inches thick, and all of the other plank on the sloping
side were lespiked witn 7-iuch boat spikes.
"An agreement was entered into with .lacob Richtman, of Fountain City, Wis., to
place 519.3 cubic yards of rock around the pier in places whore the gravel had settled
most, at $1 per cubic yard, and the above-named a mount of rock was ])laced, as agreed,
as a protection to the pier foundation. It is believed that this will protect the pier
from damages by the ice for another vear at lesust; but I would rerommend that a
liiyer of brush and rock be put upon the gravel around the pier to prevent it from
sliding out into the deep water.
** This work was suspended November 15.
" The total cost of the repairs was $870."
SURVEYS ANT) GAUGES.
Between May 25 and 27 the crew of the Barnard made a reconnoissance in vicinity
of Reads Lan^ng. On September 24 and 25 an examinatitm of the river in vicinity
of l*rairie du Chien was made by the same party. Between October 21 and 31 a party,
Vinona during the year. Gauge records were also <d)taine<l from the Signal Service
and bridge keepers at St. Paul, Dubuque, Rock Isljind, Keokuk, Burlington, Quiucy,
Hannibal, and Louisiana. These records are now being plotted.
Amount expended on surveys and gauges during the year was $745.24.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
C. W. Durham,
Assistant Engineer^
Maj. A. Mackenzie,
Corps of Engineers, U. 8. A,
report of mr. m. mkicis, [;xited states civil exgineer.
Unitkd States Enginkku Officf,
Keokuk f Iowa, January 14, 1S91,
Major: I have the honor to submit the following report of operations, for work in
my charge, for the calendar year ending l)ecemb(;r 31, 1890:
VICINITY OF BURLINdTOX AND DALLAS.
I submit extracts from report of Mr. S. ICd wards, overseer, on work done at above
localities. Mr. Edwards' report is in detail and gives all the necessary figures, which
include expenditures to December 31, 1890, and are checke<l with the othce distril)u-
tion sheets. In the statements it appears that the cost of work done at Dallas, al-
though carried on with a less expensive plant, is slightly in excess of that done at
Burlington. This is explained by comparing the comparative n mount of rock to
brush liseil at Dallas with the comparative amount iised at Burlington. At Dallas
there was more than twice as much rock used as brush, while at Burlington the propor-
tion was as nine to eight, or nearly equal quantities. ' At Dallas the work was mainly
?
2166 REPORT OF TitE CHIEF OF ENGiyEERS, U. S. ARMT.
fitunutb* niiii; slmiv prntorfion that had b#»on only sHirbtly rov^rod witb 5t«»n«,'
ill liiirliiii:t<Mt tlui'i* WHS x]\*' ordinary cbi8s ol'daiu :iud shortf-proteotion work.
I \\onlii o.'ill attt'ntion to Mr. KdwnrdsV figures on the coaiparutiTe cost olf wii
lath y;irn Jor binding piirposeB. By these it appears that, for making faaeiMi
lath y:u-n riMpiired for 1 cubic yard will coat, at 10 centa per jtoand, $0,023; iha
r('(|nired for the same purpose, at 3.35 centa per jionnd, will cost $0,007, a savi
two-thirds in the cost of binding material by the use of wire instead of lath-
For making into mats, the saving is in the same proportion. The contractM
brnsh were furnished with wire by the United States. The wire comes in colli
liave ni> covering weighed in, while a considerable portion of the weight of
yarn in made up of the packing materials. No. 16 annealed wire is about aa
iiH ir is safe to use. The bundles of brush are stronger and stand handling 1
when bound with wire than when lath-yam is naed, and wire is qoita aa haa
a]»i»ly.
List of irorA-4 construct fd and repaired^ and of WMtmiaU uted dmr%n§ ike sea
in vicinity of BMrlingtou, Iowa, and Dalla», /U.
Works.
DimensioBS.
Length.
Shf ft :.«! : Feet.
i>:iiii :» :i40
l»;iinG* ' 1,2A)
HamS 610
l>.nii 10 3S0
Sluuf iin>t«tfii»u below l>ivw l*rairie ., l.MO
J>.iin I ]vi>aittHl ; ,
Slmrt- i>rotei'tion on liiirHii^tnii Irthiinl n-iminnl J 4.000
."nIiiui- pnitti-tiiiu at S.iiU'rw<'iu Hfiid nikiiixHl 2,700
."^Imrt- ]»nitiviiuu at Twiu Islaud 196
I>jiu 14 <not completed) |
Slu»ii' i»riiTt^'tion on Cn^w Ishiud : 980
Height
•buve
low water
of inm.
Feet.
3.6
3.5
8.5
4.0
12.0
Boek.
12.0
zi-\
Total
r
Cu. yda.
1.4&w4
2,23ft.5
2.505.S
515.0
2.556.1
44L2
2.135.9
1.006.4
:i43.3
6S0.9
1,148.7
T
* .'•.'•0 feet of Dam 0 were built fi»r tcnipor.iT>- effect, and were removed November IX
Ki>i-k on hand on bank at close of season of 1890:
Kurni.-«1ii'd by Kudtdph Wiegand, of Xauvoo, 111.^ 1,172 cubic yards at
.^j*"* irnts per eubic yard
riinii>h(d by S. A. Maley, of Pontoosuc, 111., 350 cubic yards, at 60
cents per cubic yard
B
O
14,837.7 i 1
Total
Financial statement for tcorls of improving Afisnsaippi Jiirer in vicinitjf of BurlinfU
DaltaSf during the season of IS90.
.\ mount expended in the field during the calendar year 1890 {(torn distri-
l»nti(»n slioetd^ $30,i
] tiMlm t ( ost of 1.5l^2 cubic yards of mck on liand $761.00
priluit r(»>t of removing temporary dam 201.77
liriluit riiKt ot' survey at Burlington 75.36
ni'ilu(t txp.nsesof I'awsuit in 1888 138.49
1,1
Ni't rost of tioM work 19. ^
AiM «iu«»ta nf •reneral sui^erintendence and ollice expanses 3.1
.Villi rVir use anil deterioration of plant 3,'
'l'nl;i] lost of w«)rk - 215.4
M;iT«-i ial put in works:
i;«" k cubic y.irds. 14, J
l'«iu».h do 10,'
Total cubic yards. 25.;
ATWUKTiust pi-n'iiljiir jiud I'n bur;:(ui jni.iSlH
A.'tfngv isiHt pur euliia yard fur tuwuiu uuil i>uttiuK in matnrinl 'tMhH
ATWa^e rost per cabio yard for geueriu lupeniiCoDrti'niw jind nffirn I'ipenaea. . lai^H
AT(Vfti;e iHwt per cubic yard for pUnl ,.. 149^1
Avnroge cost per ciiliic ;atd in place '■('9^1
Mr. i;dw»rdB. saya: "According t" \-n<- mM.-i-, I I. .ft Keokuk Snpt^mlx'r 1. 1SH0^|
nitb Bii'uiiiKr I'lren and fleet ol' Ij.wi^'. -- ' \- llurliiigtoti, rown, ti> bnlldS
Hiu>L daiiiH Lind shore protectJonB UH 1 .1 i. ii si-us<iii ivDiililrill^jw. ^^t
"111 Yidiiity of BnrUiwtoii. Dun- ■ ■ !■■ h-t 581. wt-re built, md tJOtoU
T«et at nhtiTf. protection below Dn-n i i.,inc .-hi. t :.?.| were coiiatrnotcd. Dam (^|
(«biH.>l uH) waa repaired, after coiup]<^i.i'>ii «i wlii'ti wurlc tbo fleet was laid up Ibr Uia^|
wintut, ill tha Des Hoines Hapids Caual, Noveuiber 15, 1890. ^M
"SeptiimberS. 1890, work was coraraeoced oo Dam 6 (sheet 58). tbt- eecoud dum unS
lltinMs shtire of the aevon dams proposed to be built above Biirliuj^oD, lewa (aea^|
earvey completed September 6, 1^). The total len^b of tLiii dum wue 1,280 feet, fl
of which the outer end, 550 feet, iraa intended aa temporary, na apron loaded wltll^H
ntiljr a little rock lieing pat in; the other part, ISO feet long, was liuilt up to 3.fi lJwti^|
nbove low wAti^r, an average height of 5.5 feet. Navigation at tliis point, duilDE »^|
low stage of water, has, for a number of yeara, been more difflcnlt than at any otbei^l
pl«(^e in your district, and only a few daya before work commenced here boata had H
boon hard aground at this iiuiut fur as luug na 6 honrf. By September 10, the 1,S80
f)wt of apron wore laid, ana September 20 the dam was completed. Soonrlug oom-
iiienced imniedJatoly ai^r the completion of the apron, and although the river after ,
D aiuall rise, fell as low as 2,3 feet above low water, no di£Banlties were enooautered
by >ny packet or other boat for the balance of the season. The temporary portion _
01 dam waa removed by dredging, November 10 to 12, 1890. J
"September 20 we commenced on Dam 5 (sheet 58), and completed same September H
30. The length of dam ia340 feet; average height la 11.5 feet, and height atiove low H
water ifl 3.5 feet. ■
" From Beplember 30 to October 18. 1890, a force worked on Dam 8 (sheet 58). thsS
lowest dam of the projected series of four dams on the Illinois side of the river. ^|
Owing to the eballow ivatcr above Dam 8, a dam conld not be bnilt in the positioiLH
Indloated on project for Dam 7 (sheet 58). Dam 8 is 640 feet long, of which length H
400 feet are built in 12 feet of water, the balance in 4.5 feet of water, at a 3.5 joet ■
BtHge, the dam being built np to a height of 3.5 feet above low water. There being
Kko shallow water near shore to float barges, the 400 feet of dam In deep water were
bnilt Arst. After a few days there were 4 feet of water near shore, a aconriug of
«ver 2.5 feet, when the remaining 240 feet of dam wore built. T'his dam will prevent
Aa enormons amonnt of sadd i^om moving into the channeL
" October 18 to November 10, 1890, shore protection below Drew Prairie wai
atmoted. Ita length is 1,940 feet, height of bonk above low water is 12 feet, and I
Ttoiioa] height from bottom averages 21 feet. Tbongh caving fast in some places ¥
eap«ciajty in windy weatjier, the bank was very hard and plow and acrapera wero J
lined to great advantage in grading the bonk, 6 honrs' plowing keeping tb% scraper I
employed for 18 hours. Where poasibio t^ make use of this method, it is a cheap and I
(|uick way of grading a hard bank, and, as it waa impossible to get men, it enabled |
me with a very small force to make satisfactory progress.
" In the latter part of October, work was beenit on Dun 10 (sheet 58), which ie
tended, when completed, to extend ont &om shnre of Rush Island opposite Dam 8 1
(nheet 58} across and beyond the bar abreast of the island. The portion of tho dam f
on ohannel side of the bar wae completed November 15, 1890, find is 320 feet long. 1
llie unter end of dam is in 4,6 feet of water, at a 3-feet stiwe, and inner end 3.5 feot-4
aboTO wat«r snrface on the dry bar. 1 l>etieve this dam will prevent mncli cutting J
of the bur, which the building of the other dams would no doubt cause.
"Dan I (sheet 58) was repaired by flUing with rock u number of holes formed be-
hind ttaa puing, and raising a few places tnut had settled .
"Tbenrem^ to be built Dnms T, 9, and 11 (sheet 58), and the inner part of Dam
10 (khoet 58), to close chute behind bar south of liush Island. These can, however,
«iily be built dnrlng high water. ^
"The work In vicini§ of Dallus waa cotnmenced October 4 and cloaed November I
8, ISM. Launch Luda and a small force were employed at this work, the Lwtiii I
taking the men to and f^om the work .ind, when the tow was not too long, aasisting j
in towing. The towing uf material, owing to the lung distance, was mostly done by
the «t«amcr I-'iaeB during the night. The work in this vicinity oonsistetl iu tho
building i)f two new iiiocea of shore protection, at Twin and Crow ishmds. fiiiioliing
putliii|[ in <)f apron course of Dnni 14 (sheet 60), beeun in 1889, and repairing sbor.i
jtrolection ou liurlington Island and at Suuerwoin iTcnd.
"The length of shore protection repaired ou Burlington Island is 4,600 feet.
2168 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U, 8. ARMT.
Ii'ii^th of sbnrt^ protortiim at S:iii<^Tw»>iii Boud is 2,700 feet, and almost thewh
li.Miiifh aliovo the water surface had to be recovered with rock. This piece of mi
likr till- work on Burlington Island, when originally Imilt was, owing to the dM
ne^s oi' tiinds on liaiut only slightly covered, uud the action of ice and waves, asv
as tlie raving in of a very sand^ oank. had almost left the whole bank nncoverea. 1
apron was found to be in fair condition and no brush was nsed in repairing i
aliovt* works.
"Now work was done by protectinj^head of Twin Island (381). The length
short' protection is li)6 feet, and the height of bank from bottom of river Ib 18 fetf
" Lower end of Crow Island (383) was also protected. The length of shore p
tection is iV^) feet and the height of bank above bottom of river is 15.6 feet. T
bank contains heavy strata of sand and was caving rapidly, causing, no doubt-, nil
of the Tronhle below. - A long slo^e was given the bank and I think that, notwi
standinj: the sandy condition, it will prove a lasting piece of work.
" l)ani 11 ^ sheet (U)> was commeuced in 1^). but owing to low water its consti
tion had to lu* discontinued. October 28. l8iW. there l>eing water enoueh to get
1 stMrtcd party to build same, connecting the apron laid in 1889 with the she
This aprou is 2..%40 feet long, of which '200 feet were laid the year before and bsla:
this si-ason. A raising mat TOO feet long was also put in fnmi outer end tows
shore. November 5. 1890. work on this dam was again discontinued on acconni
water tailing.
** No difficulties of any consequence were encountered during the season's wi
outside of the scarcity of men to be had, no doubt due to the lateness of the sea
in whirh work «'onnneuced.
, ** Steamer I'ixrn was again run with a double crew, enabling her with ease to
the tt»wing for both works. Some delay wascause<1 by eon tnir tors having difBcv
in gettin;; men. necessitating the rtxcn'it waiting for material oi'casicinally. At si
tiuK-s she would be employed iu snagging, if any such work was necessary.
" A survey was made from the foot ot Drew Prairie to Burlington Bridge.
additional help was hired for this work. The survey has been ]>lotted and trac
" Ki»r binding fascines and making mats, wire (No. 16 annealed) was um*d inst
of the t-iistomary lath-yarn, and, by its cheapness as well as its iioicker handii
re<-i»mmeiids itself as far superior to twine."
COMPARISON' OF COST BETWEEX WIRB AND TWIXB.
From former estimates I get —
For making fascines, per 100 cubic yards, lath-yarn. 32i>ounds $3
For making mats, per 1(X> cubic yards, lath-yarii. 1-t pounds 1
1(K) cubic yards i»f brush in mats 4
We used this season for 7,12l>.iH> cubic yards brush made into mats 3.690
pounds of wire, at ^'X'Sii per U)0 pounds, or per 100 cubic yards brush in
mats 1
A saving per UK) cubic yards of 2
Bv aetnal c»)unt I tind —
10 fasrines used IS ounces lath-yam, or per 100 cubic yards, 20.45 pounds. 2
10 fasiiiu's used 1J>.."> ounces lath-yarn, or per lOO' cubic yaros. 22.16
]>oinHls 2
l.tKil fasrines used 241 pounds lath-yarn, or per 100 cubic yanls, 22.70
]M>unds 2
."><> fasiines used .'>.."» pounds win*, or per llH» eubie yards, 20 pounds 0
."»<) fM-iiint'-i wivt} .'»..*> pounils wire, «»r per HH> eubic yards, 20 ponnds Q
(.'o^t of wire ]ifr 100 ptmnds '. $3.20 to $3
('i»>i of lath yarn per 100 pounds $10.00 to $12
•• There is no los> in the paeking of wire, whereas I have found a loss of 10 per c<
in lath-varn when taking otf the cover and cords.
t
" 'rinmu:li indebteil to a greater pan of the force for their ready help, I take |
tieiilar pli-asuri- in exprt-ssing my ttianks to Capt. II. B. Whitney, master of steal
I'ij-fH. :iiid Mr. tii'urgf Aikley. rereiver of materials, who, by their untiring intei
iu thf work, t- naVdrtl me to give most of my time to the field work, which 1 otl
wise roiild not liavi* diMie." • • •
IlAinUHt AT lURI.INGToN. IOWA.
Tlii** wnik . iin<i».ii'd in ditiM-ning the river ali»ng the levee Irom lower end of le
at till- ^•■\\tr uutli t to the toot of JJigh .street. The contractor, under informal agi
ment of Oetuber 1^. \s{H), \\:is A. J. Whituey. The price paid was 17 ceutaper cu
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2169
yard removed. Work wmh begun rutr>l»4T *JJ :nul was Bfnpprd by tlu» r<>M weather
November 15. The work'was not. qnitf conipletcd. hut the niuin and important part
was finished. A large inavel bar at- the He-wer out let whh removed and tlie levee front
deepened to a ^ade of 5 foot below low water. 'I'lu* wtu-k remaining untiniHhed iH
diedeing from the foot of Court Mtrwt to th<' foot of High street, <»ne bb)ck; and
poesibly a narrow cnt all along the levee front if ftumd nate to go any nearer the
paving.
Finan<:ial staifmvni.
Amount paid contractor ^ - . $1, 809. 69
Cost of local inspection 95. 93
Add fpiota of general superintend en ere and ofliie*^ expenses 289. 56
Total cost of work 2,195.18
Material dredged and removed, cubic yards 10, 645. 2
Average cost per cnbic yard $0. 206
The local inspector was Mr. H. H. Ayres, while Mr. 8. Edwards had general super-
visioB of the work.
CARE, REPAIR, AND COXSTRTTTIOX OF PLANT.
During the year a large amount of repair and construction work was done at the
canal dry dock and shops. A coal barge, 100 feet by 20 feet, commeneed in 1889, was
coroifletcd. Considerable work was done on towboat Funj^ snag boat J, G. Parke,
towloat Alert, and steam launches IJUie, LouisCf Emily, SteUuy and Ada received
some repairs. Many of the barges and other pieces were i»ut in condition for service,
viz: Barges 1, 5, 27, 28, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, 47, 79, 82, 91, 92, 98, 99, and 105; dump boats
1, 3, and 6; d[rill boats 34 and 1CK3, and pile-driver 104. At such times as the plant
was :iot used in the field watchmen were employed. Total amount expended for care,
repair, and construction of plant during the year was $9,530.53.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
M. Meigs,
United States Ciml Engineer.
MjQ. A. Mackenzie^
Corps of Engineers, U. S, A,
report of mr. c. w. durham, assistant engineer.
United States Engineer Office,
Bock Island, III., July 1, 1891.
Major: I have the honor to present a preliminary report of operations on the
various works in my charge during the second half of the fiscal year ending June
30,1891:
MINNEAPOLIS TO ST. PAUL.
This work is carried on with a special allotment of $50,000 in act of September 19,
1890, and under project approved February 28, 1891.
The work projected consists in protecting eaving l)anks, building dams of brush,
rock, and gravel, dredging gravel bars, and removing rocks and bowlders from
channel.
A plant, consisting.of steam launch Emily j quarter boat 94, working barge 95, rigged
with derrick, grapples,. sweeping bars, etc., was put in commission June 15, 1891, and
proceeded up river from Boulanger Slough, removing a number of bowlders from
river above Fort Snelling and below Grovcland Park. Considerable progress has
been made in sweeping the chaimel between the lu'ad of Meeker Island and the
Short Line Bridge for the purpose of locating rocks and bowlders above grade in
that part of the riyer.
ST. PAUL TO PRKSCOTT.
The project allotting $40,000 for building dams and shore protections, etc., between
St. I'aui and Prescott was approved February 28, 1891. This work will be earried
on by hii'ed labor and Government plant. The condition of this portion of the river
is better than has ever before been known for the same stage of water. With one
exception the crossings are straight and afford a )i:ood depth. At Nininger a bar
formed iL the channel and caused some trouble, but the dredge Phoenix, which oper-
2170 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGIXEERS, U. S. ARMT.
:•'• il ,if t]iw ]ioint (luiiii^ tht> iiionlh t>f Jiin»*. li.is rn^w opened a good elm nnt>l. whir"
will) I iM.i([r iKTiiiauont.
CiMistnu'lion wmk will bo rosumod ojirlv in Jul v.
KKAD iJlXDlXCf TO XnXST.ISKA.
\Vt<i]» i!\ \\i\< liu:»lity. toiisi<tiii^ «>l*tlie <*oii8tnioti«m and repair of linwb and rod
il:i!ii<> :i III oIliiIi' jirtitritiniis. 1^ Ix'iii^ rniTied on under rontruct in aeconlance wit]
]iri»irri :i)>i>io\id Jauuaiy 0. l^tl. The auKUint of the allotment is $50,090. Open
tiniis i-iMiiiiii'iu'tMl May U». and were carried on continuously until end of fi^oal jeai
The wt»rk aicomiiiishod is the construction of 3.620 linear ieet of shoreprotection 09
Island :w>: Ll'iO linear feet on Island 34. and of closin£r-d.im at Island &• 750 fectii
It'ir^th. The amount of material put in is. rock. 10.359 cubic yards; brush, 5^96
cuhic \ards.
MIXXKISKA TO LA CROSSE.
The ]>Toiect alloting $00,000 for hnildinj; dams, shore protections, etc.. betwee
Miniiriska and La Crosse was a]»]>roved February 28.lS*n.
\V«»rk was commenced, with usi* of hired labor and (Government plant, on .Tune 4
and was ramed on until end of fiscal year. There were constructed 1.5LHMinealfe<
of short' ]irotoction on Ihland 4i>: 2lX) linear feet of shore protection on Island 5isan>
V>'iug da II IS S. 9. and If i sheet 10). The amount of nniterial put in is, rock, 4,59
cubic yards; brush, 6.701 cubic yards.
"nCINITY OF PRAIRIE DI' CinEN.
Tin** work. cnn«*istin»: of the ronstruction ef rock and brush dams and shore pre
tertiuiis fur ihe iniprovenu'nt of the channel at Trairie du I'liien. is carried on b
fiunial i'ontract. under siH»cial allotment of ^^\04^) in act of September 19, 18JH.\ an
under i»roj«'i't a]»]>roved .ranuary S, 1^J»1.
«>]»eratii>ns coinmenrod May 1*5 an<l were carried on to end of fiscal vear. Closin
ilanis 1 ami 3 and Winir dams 4. 5. and 0 ^shect 'M)) wer«' completed. Amonnt of nu
tcrial put in wa.s: Hock. 4.831.1 cubic yards: brush. 4.762.3 cubic yards.
\nCINITY OF CLINTON.
The projci't allotting; $5.00i) for coustruction of a dam and shore protection in v
linity «itrlinton was approved February I'S, \^[)l, ami work was carrieil on, by n»
i»f hired labor and Oovemment plant, from May 18 to the close of the year. * Th
^^o^k aeromplislied consisted in the construction of a small dam iit the headoftli
;:uard fence. East Channel: Dam No. 1. from Island 290 to Willow Island; and Bhoi
I>ro[e« lion around head of Willow Island. Amount of material pnt in was: Hoel
L*.,":>lHi < wbio yards; brush. 2.873 cubic yards.
HARBOR AT PORT BYROX.
The :«.ct of September 19. 1890. makes a special allotment of $5,000 for removal i
liar :'f Toit Hyron. and a project for dredijiii;: in that locality was approved Febn
:ji\ 1*7. lv»l. a moiliiii'ation of which proi«*ct was approved June 2l\ l&M.
Woilx. under a^reeuient with A. J. Whitney, was commenced .Tune 6 and cairic
o;) r.uiil close of the iiscal year. Amount of materi.il dredged and removed wi
;«.j;vj , ubic vards.
nroTs ON ROCK isijoa> rapids.
Till- bnoys bavin <r been repaired and repainted "were reset April 21 to 24, 1391, I
>Ti am lam.-h Lout ft . There arc now 29 buovs in the system, all of \rhich are secun
}i\ i.njT< aiMl chains to the rock bottom. All the range stakes were carefully exaa
in* i1. iii»airc»l. and ]iaiiiti'd.
iMriMvixr, ROCK ISLAND i:apit>.<?.
I'l'tl'i- iM-.'jri-T n]n->n>v.d lVl.n:ar\ lN. 1^91. an albitnn-nt of $50,000 wa« made fi
i'\i .i\;i!:!u .iik! i«i::"\iM: I"- In :i!!'l ^:i:ni iVoim tin- < liaiiiiel of Kotdv Island R&pids, ail
loi I'MiMiii;; idiU iiaiii*« Mini j^r.iiic ]•;■ is.
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OP MAJOR MACKENZIE. 21 71
On account of high wjiicr the work of rork exravation wa^ not. roiniiU'iMril nntil
May 22, and since that time the stoam drill has been at work on St. JiOniH and Caligi
chains. As the broken rock has not been taken up by dredge, no cHtiniate can now
he given of the quantity. Work on dams and guide x>ier8 is not yet begun.
REPAIRS OF PLANT.
During the spring needed repairs were made to towhoats Fwry and ^/fr/, steam
launches StellUf Louise, Ada, Emily, and KlMe, and to many of the 1)argc8 and other
pieces of plant pertaining to works above mentioned.
Very re8x>ectftilly, your obedient servant,
C. W. Durham,
Assistant Engineer,
Maj. A. Mackenzie,
Corps of Engineers, U.S. A,
report of mr. m. meigs, unitrd states civil engineer.
United States Engineer Office,
Keokuk, Iowa, July 1, 1891.
Major: I have the honor to present a preliminary report of operations during the
second half of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 :*
KEITHSBURG TO MONTROSE.
An allotment of $60,000 was made for work hetween Keithshnrg and Montrose
under project a])proved February 28, 1891.
It is proposed to carry on the work by use of Government plant and hired labor.
Parties are getting out rock at ^ different places, and needed repairs have been made
to portions of the plant.
A wrecked ice-barge was removed from the channel near Montrose, during June,
hy dredge Ajtuc and towboat Vixen, and 240 cubic yards of bowlders and gravel were
n-moved from the Devils Island Crossing.
HARBOR AT MONTROSE.
The act of September 19, 1890, made a special allotment of $2,000 for removal of
bar at Montrose, Iowa.
Under project approved February 27, 1891, dredge Ajax and towboat Vixen worked
from June 1 to 26 dredging along the levee, which was cleared of dejxisits to a dejjth
of 5.5 feet at low water for a length of about 1,000 feet. Eleven thousand four huu-
dreil and sixty-five yards of material were removed from the town front.
REPAIR AND CONSTRUCTION OF PLANT.
In the Des Moines Rapids Canal and Dry Dock, extensive repairs were made during
the winter and spring to towboats Fury and Vixen, and minor repairs to other por-
tions of the floating stock.
During the spring a quarter boat, for use in connection with construction of dams
and shore protections, was built at the dry dock. The quarter boat was launched
June 23, 1^1.
Very respeotfolly, your obedient servant,
M. Mrigs,
United States Civil Engineer.
Maj. A. Mackenzie,
Corps of Engineers, U, S. A»
!I172 RErORT OF THE nUKK OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
A A3.
IMPROVEMENT OF DES MOINES RA]»IL)S, MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
There was available for tliis work July 1, 1890, the sum of $348,149
and the act of Congress approved September 19, 1890, appropriated
$22,000 for conijdeting the work.
At the beginning of the year the work remaining to be done, to com-
jdete the work in aeeordaiiee with tlie approved project was — the com-
pletion of the 8lui(*e for carrying off the muddy water brought into the
oanal by Price Creek, raising the lock walls of the middle lock, the re-
jQOval of a small amount of rock above grade, the completion of the
prot-eetion of the canal embankment, and the completion of the lock
^;rounds.
A proje>ct for the completion of the laying of 2,500 cubic yards of rip-
lap face stone on canal embankment, at a probable cost of $4,000, was
submitted September 28, 1890, and approved October 6, 1890. This
"^irork was completed during the year.
A project for purchasing and laying 2,000 cubic yards of riprap face
stone on embankment of canal, at a probable cost of $7,000. and for
raising the lock walls of middle lock, at a probable cost of $o,420, waB
submitted December 22, 1890, and approved December 29, 1890. The
■^f ork of raising the lock walls of middle lock has been virtually com-
pleted, and the laying of riprap face stone on canal embankment was
continued until the delivery of stone was made impracticable by low
v/ater ; 818.13 cubic yards of stone were received and laid.
The work remaining to be done under approved project is the removal
of a small amount of rock above grade, the completion of sluice at Price
(h-eek, and the completion of the lock grounds and of the protection of
canal embankment. It is probabh*- that after this work is carried out,
9, balance will still be available, which balance can be applied to ad-
lantage to the construction of a permanent machine-shop at the lower
lock of the canal. The construction of such a shop was referred to in
my last annual report.
No further appropriation is required for the completion of this work
i \ a<*cor(lance with approved project.
Details of the work accomplished are given in the appended report of
I Ir. M. Meigs, United States (jivil enginer, in local charge of work.
ABSTRACT OF APPP^OPRIATIONS.
) V a^t approved —
June23, 1««0 $200,000
March 2, 1S(J7 500,000
Jiilv25, miH (aHotment^ 300,000
Apnl 10, 18<)9 (allotment) 178,200
December 23, 1869 200,000
July 11, 1870 400,000
January 18, 1871 341,000
March 3, 1871 250,000
June 10. 1872 400,000
Marcli 3. 1873 400,000
June 23. 1874 400,000
MMrch3. 1875 480,000
August 14. 1870 230,000
June IS, 187S (alh»tinciit ) 62,500
Mar(?h 3, 1 S7M 25, 000
June 14, 1880 20,000
March 3, 1881 25,000
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2173
By act paBued Aaffust 2, 1882 $30,000
By act approved July 5, 18»i 50,000
By act approved Aiignst 5, 1886 2IJ. J.V)
By act of August 11, 188X :V>,000
By act of September 19, 181K) 2L\0(X)
Total 4,r>7l,f)50
Money ftUiicment
July 1, 1890, balance unexpeudod $:Uf<. 14
Amount appropriated by act ai>provcd Si'pteiiib«T 10, 181M) 22, (MM). 00
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 12, 1 17. 15
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 10,230.99
report of mr. m. meigs, united states civil engineer.
United States Engineer Office,
Keokuk, Iowa, JnUj 1, ISOl.
Ma.i<»r : I have the htmor to submit tho following report on " improving Dch MoincH
Rsil»id8, Mitt8i88ipi)i River," for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891:
raising lock walls at lower lock.
The work of raising the lock walls at the lower lock, that was nearly complettHl
at the close of last fiscal year, was finished early in July, 1890; 22.73 cubic yartbi
of face stone and 6.06 cubic yards of backing stone were purchased from ratterson
Bros., contractors, for use in this work.
raising lock walls at middle lock.
In accordance with authority granted, an inf<»rnial agreement was made with Pat-
terson Bros., owning the Sonora Quarry, to furnish 120 cubic yards of i\u'v stone at $8
per cubic yard, and 100 cubic yards of backing stone at $3 per cubic yar<l, for us«^ iji
raising lock walls at Middle Lock. The prices i^aid for the stone were the same as
those paid under the last ftu-mal contract.
The work of raising the lock walls at the Middle Lock was begun April 1, 1891.
Derricks were set up for use in unloading and handling the stone. The work was
continued until the close of the fiscal year and the raising of the lock walls 3 feet in
height is almost complete. The masonry work on the east and west walls is finished.
ITie portion of the wall raised extends 80 feet 3 inches below the upptT heel-
post and around the ui^per end of lock to the sluice. All of the lock grounds adja-
cent to the raised portion of the walls was raised 3 feet with mud dredged from tlie
canal bottom, the mud being covered with 6 inches of black soil taken froru the
canal lands at Sandusky outside of the embankment. A good deal of the old co'ping
was injured and broken while being taken uj), so that the amounts of stone purchased
for this work have somewhat ovt^Tiiu the cHtimated qujiutities required for the work.
There remain to complete the work a little gra<ling of tlie grounds and the laying
of a small amount of slope wall on the slopes near the towers.
LAYING RIPRAP FAOE STONE ON CANAL EMBANKMENT.
Daring October, November, and a part of December, 1890, and April, May, and the
greater part of June, 1891, a force of from 15 to 35 uk^u has be<ML kept <'mployed in
mying 8lox>e wall on the outside of canal embankment at s(M'ti()ns59 to (v) and sec-
tions 79 and 80. The surface coYered by slope wall was 6,108.28 sc^uare yards.
The stone used in this work was furnished by Patterson Bros., under an informal
agreement^ the price paid being the same as that under former contract.
On account of the low watm- which prevailed during the month of Jniu*. the tow-
ing of stone was imx>i'aetirable during the latter part of the month, .lime 22, 1S<^»1,
at which date the stone that had been delivered had been all put in the ^5lope wall^
THE CHIKF Ol'' K.M:
r. Ilip work wa^dUcontuiurrli 818.13 oulitc ynrdHorrlprsiil'ncaHlntiebiLd
I" op to Ihi^ time of eloaing the work, A purlinl jiaTioiTUl wns lanAe nii 3
[- OfKlnU" piled at qiinrry, the atone to be delivrrerl om soou as the Btii|;o
p nuilod putting a tow boiit at work tronspoTting it.
( HUII.UIKO AT IX>WHU LOCK.
Eloctiic-ligbt fiituiBB were put up nt the
n building. €"11
'I'ko; worknl well aihI
„ „ n the spring of
^JOW perfectly aatisfnntory.
The mm) nboiit the offins ImiliUrig was gruded.
I hnvR lienn itbly oesisted in the iibove work by Mewrs. 8. F.dwnrds tiud
[' Curpeiitor. overaeorH, and by Mr. O. 8, WiUcy, olork and dcaftsmun.
Very cespuctfiiUy, your obedlwit servant,
Uniled StaU* Civil E*
Mliy. A. Maokfnzif,.
AA4.
. OPKRATINfJ AND CARE OK DES MOINES liAPIDS CANAL AND DBT
Tlie Des Moinea Bapids Canal was open for navigation during tli»
tyortr 234 days, during wUich time tliere pji^^ed tbiniigh it 878 ateiini-
biiatB and 357 biirges, carrying 15,ist>l passengers, 45,217 tons r>f mer-
chandise, imd 304,878 bushels of grain. Tliere alsn passed tbmngh
rlM> ranal 193,358,08!) feet of lumber, 37,170,150 feet of logs, 87,259,69«
wliiuf^les, and 59,3.'iO,595 laths.
Tlie expenses of operating and caring for the Dos Moines 1
('iiiiitl, inchidiug extensive repairs to guard gates, during the past j
lia\'e been $44.!M)8.20. These expenses are now pn>vidSi for by 9
ditHuite appropriation made by act of Congress of Marnli 3, 1881.
Th(i machine shops and storerooms now in use nt the lower lock uF
I'tlie canal are old frame structures, liable, together with their valaablv
[' contents,' to destruction by file; It is desirable that a stone or brick
^.STTurture be built as a part of the pennanimt lock buildings. It is lm-
rtiiiiated that such a building will cost $3,500, and a project for its con-
I smiction will soon be presented. As the consti'uction of such Imildiiig
I b ntade necessary, in part at least, by the repairs required iu ronnuc-
Itiouwith operatingaud care nf canal, itappearwproper that a portion of
ft ltd cost should he borne by the indefinite approptiation for the canat,
* and 41,000 i» therefore added to the estimate of fundu required for iiext
fiiw-al year.
i A thorough examination of the lower lock should be made during tht-
[. oomiug year, and some repairs to gatco, culvert**, etc., will certainly be
.. tetiuired. The cost of the work which may be fonnd nwiessary can ottt
I be closely extimated, bnt is approximately given in the estimaKi fbr
I the coming year aw $4,000.
I The amount of dredging which it has appeared practicablu to carry
[i oat during past few years has not been suRicient to keep pai* with thii
[ filling, and it is desirable that a large amount of dn-dgiiig bo carried
t ont during coming season. The item in estimate uf probable espKoac
C of dredging is therefore increaKWl.
The apinoprialioii fi.r the dry iloik wjis exhausted in 1889. i-uoiplcr-
^ hig Hi
the douk lia» bceJi
e<inl;.i
.. e.l I .
Ill ul' till- Ucs .Monies liapiila i
APPENDIX A A — ^REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2175
in aooordance with instructions of the Secretary of War and the river
and harbor act of September 19, 1800, which provided as follows:
Sec. 14. That the dry-dock constrncted at the Des Moines Rapids Canal nnder the
piorisions of tibie acts of Congress approved An^st second, eighteen hundred .nnd
eighty-two, 'July fifth, eighteen hondxed and eij^hty-four, Augast fifth, oi^hlooii
hundred and eighty-six, and August eleventh, eighteen handred andeighty-eiglit, 8hall
be considered an integrant part of the Des Moines Rapids Canal, and the act of Con-
giess approved March third, eighteen hundred and eighty -one, which provides for
expenses of operating and care of Des Moines Rapids and other canals, and the act
of Confess approved July fifth, eighteen hundred and eighty-four, which provides
p^alties for violation of rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War,
shall also apply to the said dry-dock.
During the past year the dock has been almost constantly in use. A
table showing boats using the dock is appended. One hundred and
twelve dollars and fifty cents, dockage fees, were collected from pri-
vate parties usi^g the dock, and deposited in the United States Treas-
ury to the credit of the Treasurer of the United States. It is desirable,
when appropriations are available and circumstances permit, that a
shop with wood-working machinery and storage sheds for lumber be
provide at the lower end of the dock. The expenses of operating the
canal will be slightly increased by the operating of the diy dock as an
accessory work; but it is hoped such increase will be more than offset
by the increased feujility furnished for repair of Government boats and
the amounts received from private parties for the use of the dock. There
is appended hereto a history of the dry dock construction.
T*he boom, constructed in accordance with act of Congress, for con-
necting outer wall of the canal with the pier of the Keokuk and Ham-
ilton Bridge, requires repairs, and must be taken into the canal at the
close of navigation and put out again in the spring. An item for thij
expend of such repair and labor is included in estimate of cost of oper-
ating and caring for canal for the coming fiscal year.
Tables are given herewith showing details of expenditure and trafiic*.
A table giving dates of opening and closiDg of canal and of the high-
est and lowest stage of water for each year since the canal was opened
to navigation, and comparative expenditure and traffic statements are
also submitted.
The operating and care of the canal and dock are in the immediate
charge of Mr. M. Meigs, United States civil engineer, whose report is
appended.
ABSTIiACT OF APrHOrniATIONS.
By act approved :
April 30, 1878 $7,500.00
June 18, 1878 (aUotmont) 32, 500. 00
March 3, 1879 10,000.00
June 14, 1880 30,000.00
March 3, 1881, for fiscal wnr oiuliii'r:
June 30, 1882 45, 000. 00
June 30, 1883 75,000.00
June 30, 1884 47,000.00
June 30, 1885 40,500.00
June 30, 1888 43, 000. 00
June 30, 1887 41, (KK). 00
June 30, 1888 4 2, 000. 00
June 30, 1889 30, 000. 00
June 30, 1890 43. 8,37. 97
June 30, 1891 1 3. 9}ir». SO
Total o?o,oo3.n
1
2176 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ASHT. *
Money statement,
July 1. 1S90, balance on hand |1, OM.
Juno^-M). ISiU. amount drawn from Treasiirv under indefinite ajipropria-
tiou .' 43.995.
4.\ ()oa
June 'SO, 1SJ>1 , amount expended durinp: liseal year 44. IW.
June 80, 18iU, balance on band JL
HISTORY OF THE DKY-POCK CONVrurcTION AT THE DES MOIXES RAPIDS CANAL.
The oonstruotion of a dry dock at the l>ed Moines Rapids of the Mississippi Kiv
was under eonsideratiou by private parties as early as 1868, and in 1877 certain pla
w«*re i>rc]>ared. but no further a»tioii was taken at that time.
A HiKird of Knjrineer Othcers. constituted by orders of the Secretary of War Man
13. 187iK for consideration of the feasibility of utilizing the water pt>wer of the D
Moines Kapids (.'anal, submitted a rexH)rt in which the subject of a dry doi'k is i
ferred to as f(d.h>w8 :
" In rt»ference to the dry dock the Board is of the opinion that such a work, in co
nection with the canal, would be of jajreat value to commerce. The amount of wat
n'quircd for this purpose would have no appreciable effect on the canal. Th«» loc
ti«»n mentioned by Mr. Jenne is the most favorable for such a work. A dry dock
needed by the Government for the repair of the boats, dredges, bargt»s. scows. et«
in use on the canal, and numerous (Government vessels employed on the Westei
rivers in that vicinity. The dock should be built by the Government, and be op^
for penenil use at rates to be prescriU'd by the honorable Secretary of War, ai
uuder such re«;ulations as he may prescribe. As the proper care and maintenan
i>f the river bank of the i jual is essential to its existence, under no circumstanc
should the absolute control of it. and all oiienings through it, pass out of the hani
of the Government."
A resolution of the House of Re]>re8entatives of the United States, dated March 3
1S82. requested the 5>ecretary of War " to furnish the House with any information
his possession concerning the need of a C^ovennnent dry dock at the Pes Moin
Ra]>ids Canal, on the Mississijtpi River, together with the views of the Dcpartme
upon the subject."
Under dat^ of April 11, 1882, a '•cjjort upon tlie subject-matter of the above-me
tioned resolution was submit tt^l to the Thief of Kngineers by Captain A. Mackenzi
Corps of Kngineers. This rep«»rt reeit<»d as follows:
*• The Upper Mississippi River is navigable during a large portion of the year f
the largest class of steamers from St. Paul to the mouth of the Missouri, a distau
of over 700 miles, lliere is no dry dock in this stretch of river; and to make repai
upon hulls, steamers and barges must be hauled out upon ways. These ways a
few in number, and none of them are suitable for the repairs of the largest stesimei
•• A dry dock is much needed in the interests of commerce, and its construction
of importance.
"The most favorable pi>int for establishing a «lry dock is at Keokuk, Iowa, whei
by building as an adjunct to the canal, the cost of construction and operating c
be reduced to the lowest figure consistent witli good work.
•* Such a dry dock connerted with the canal ran n«»t, without endangering the i
ten-sts of navigation, be constructed or npnated by ]>riv.ite interests, but if t
ni;iMagenient of the dock is in the hanils of the (ioverament, .is is the management
till' «:inal. no interfcreurc is possible.
••'I'lu' United States now owns and us»-s. in counectnm with the improvement
the r]>per Mississip]>i. large fleets of tow boats, barges, dnMlges, etc. It is desira)
to ninkr Keokuk a depot for n^pairs and construction, and in connection with su
work a drv dork would be most c«mvenirut and wouhl niateri:U1y reduce the cost
rc]iairs whtrli must now be made on ]rrivat«' ways." * *
rill' \ ifws i-xpro-til in this reiM>rt were approxtMl by the (.Miief of Engiuivrs Ap
IS. isvj, an, I hy the Se, ivtary ot War April ly, 1?W2.
I'lir a<t ot" Couirn'^is passed Augu>t 2. 1882, provideil for the coumiencement ol
dr.\ cluik. ,i>» follow <s :
** i'li.-ii till Ninii 4»t'tliirtv thousand dollar>. or so much thereof as may Ih^ necessai
111-. ;iii.I \\if • ii!ii- i-- lirirliN. a |ipr«>]>i ia t<d for tli»* construrtioii of a drjk d«H-k at t
!)»■- Mi'ii.. u'.i|ii'l- r.iii.il iiu tin- Mi--Ni..^i|»ni Ki\t-r. at suth site as may b«* stdeit
tin It "11 l>\ lit. S«Mil.u\ III \\ ai ; >»aitl ill \ ilmk to bi* iisrd lor the ron^tructit
DALANC Cross Section
Elevation
IKIX A A — Kl';f(»l{T OF MA.IOK MACK1-:N/It:,
2177
ring, and uso of boat*. •lr<«1tiu«, biirgos, scows, nml iitiiiT vi'bkkIh
IM, aud tlio I'lmiitrui'tiiiii, 'ixnminatton, Hiid repair of vcaBels for
detaach reutiljidLoiia »nd li,r mnli rornponnution a» luaj, fnuu tiiiio
ind regaliit4;il by the iiui'r(>t:i[.v <i1' Vim; this uppropriatiuu to bo
« direction of the bouretikfy uf War."
ipiii-tioaa were provided u foUowB : By act approved Jniy 5, 18»4,
preredAn^tostS, 1886, »48,750; by iurt of AuRuat U, 1888, $16,250 f
ppropriationa br Coognws for the work, f 125,000.
I Mnstruclion of the dry dock wiw Hiibmttted to the Chief of Kn-
Hnukeoxie, CorpH <>f EneJneen, September 12, J882, aiid apptovcd
f Wac iu Fi-brnary, 1883.
k VB8 b<)|;un in Atiril, 1883. and tho nctaul ooDBtrui'tiOD of tlin
le followTiig July. Work on the dook vae corripil forwonl as
datioDH pemiittud and virtnally pompleted ill AiigiiBt, 1889, atu
00, of whirb itmoiiDt «125,000 were appropriated -by Cciiii;rcRH ti>r
r dock, and 18.000 were allotted from apprnpriatlons for liniirov-
plds and for oporatinK and care of Des Moin<>H Uupids ('anal, lor
ined to Rsnal nnibankmeiit and slnloea lU nell an to the dry dork,
itoae, iron, cement, nnd timber, irete parchawd under formal run-
: waa dona by day's labor.
' ■■ low piece of ground belon([in»r to thif United Statiw on
le canal enibankmenC uid jost above the middle lock.
icB a boain 400 teet lon^; and 100 fe«t wide, with -intrnnip
Bfl giving Hu opening of 80 J'oet, wliitJi is thr ^^.mr- ■.tt^i;!!
by tbo canal locka. Tliu outer embuukm<-Tii i- ' - '
iB. At the lower end of the dock grouud liii 1 .
. Tbo abiitmonts of giitri^ and slnicca ate or
: is formed of gnivi'l resting on solid rockunil . ,■ . . .1 i i
• timber sunporli faiiiiili-d cm riu'k for furr.nTii; l">riiH.
wrding to tbo ntji^ii of nulcr, by sloircs tliroiieh ullt«r
iptying into nii'i'l!i> l.'n-l of miv.d awl by iiiiiiip».
DmpIetioD, and imi'ii t'nr ii tiiiu- bt-fori'. has lu'en in iibp nl
fiiit«d Stat«e t'lr Mu' r<'i>iiii mid L'Oii^^triK'tiori <-t pbiuC c
lODt of the Upix-r Mhsiaxippi Iliver .ind !>> )>iK:it» |>.
It haa Borved niJiiiirptl'ly the piirpuso furwhiib il wii^<<ir
lau be docked H;tf<-iy iu ii t-<>uip:iratlv^ly abort s{>;ii r ni i
froiu It.K
on the river, where considerable time is
onsumed
nhaalingoat
IS for this dock wu
■o prepared hy Mr. M
8. Wi'lley. Tbo conet
Meigs, ir
S. civil cngi-
, Edwards and 0.
mctioQwn
B tilso oarriV^d
y imnmdiate hupia
visiOH, thn masonry ■»
ork beinR
l^na," auFtho
«r. the woodwork
under cbar^o of Mr.
Huns Mm
charge of Mr. .Tanif
■* Suliivnn.
a of Mr. M«iKa tb
onared. Purtner i
i followLDg dotiiiled
deaoriptiii
are alinw
s of portions
i\ in tlietbreo
N
-Tbe inner or wc»t aide of duck
river cmTi.inkrnent is
of earth,
■k. whicliwnf- Innod
at an nvcrnK" dipiL nf?
ri-mnvod t
o*.lu]ithofl
1 from a c
ly liank wi-Bt
,1^. barge-
" ' ■ 1 ■ , ' ' w
':'-K?''l
ected ontside
k;.ts«.
!
. ili.or ut thefoot of tbeiuiiur Hlope
Lii'i t^^ti^s, aud the holluw iiuoin, urti
I
1
217h^ REPORT OF .THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U 8. ARMT.
of iron; tlie arms aro of oak: the shcnthiug is of 3-inch cypress, toneaed and
f;roovo«l. put on diatfonally. This sln^ithing is pluovd on the lower or lock aide of
Xhv ^atos, thus prt>v('ntin«r any ^reat lifting; effect when the dock is empty, anil add*
in«; to the lifr of the aruisi h\ keeping fill but two upper arms constantly aubmorged.
ami tht'se two upper arms ran be reailily replaced without iuterterini; with use of
dock. Then' is no miter pt»8t pro]ier. the arms abutting against a 4-iueli plunk. As
the ;;ates are not to bo used often, hand-power is consider^ sufficient. By capatanft
and the arrannremmt of ehains shown three men can swinff a gate in about 8 min-
utes. Hy means of pivots 10 inehes in diameter, at top of the heel posts, ctiUan.
iron eastings on the coping of almtuient. and anchoring rods, the gates are 8us]iended
without the aid of columns, anil no rollers are used. Notwithstanding the length of
gates as coniparrd with their height, their construction gives them siithcient i«tiiRie«s
to permit of swinging them without any appreciably settlement of outer end and
when the water ih out of the eanal and doek. The coping stones are fiUiteueil down
hy one-(iuaiitr-inrh holts of various lengths up to 8 feet.
Flllitn/ atui t mfitt/htij t nlnrtM, drains, and piimpn (Sheet No. 3). — ^Thedrv doek is AHrd
through a cut -St oiio masonry culvert behind the eastern or river-sit\e g:ate of the
«lock. This culvert is 7 feet wide and 8 feet high, with arched roof; conne<'ti(»n
with the ranal is through four openings, each 3 feet wide and 5 feet 10 inchea high.
The culvert discharges into a 8um]> at the upfier end of the dock, with its bottom 1
feet lower than lowest part of dock ])ro)ier. This sump drains into the river through
fiMir openings similar to those at inlet of <'ulvert. The openings for filling and di»-
charge an' ch»s*'d hy cast-iron gates which ^lide vertically. These gates are raisrd
by a liydraulic jack of 7 tons capacity, working acainst a crosshead conuec-tetl by
keys with two vertical lA-inch rods, to lower end of* which rods is attachetl thlp
gate. When the ram has made one lift of 18 inehes the ram and crosahead are ran
down, tht* keys are inserted at a new ]ilnce on the vertical rods, and another lift is
mad«'. Four lifts raise a gate t<i its full height. To hold the gate during the shift-
ing (»f crosshead a clam]i is )>rovided. The hydraulic jack is on a track and \*
moved from one gate t(» another. Wlien pressure is on the catea 2 men can raise a
gate ({uickly, the work being about equal to the capacity of the jack. Aflter pnttiujC
the dock in operation it was tound that, at times when a boat waanot tokins tb^
bhu'ks propi-rly, a more rapid i-losing »if the outlet than was practicable with ihr
sliding gat<- was necessary, and two balanced gates were added to the outlets. Theiec
balanccil gates are of cast-iron on a vertical stem 3Muches in diameter, and air
operated from the top of the wall hy small capstan heads and cear wheels, incrensiiu;
]K>wer in ratio of 7 t<» 1. Capstan bars Ti feet long an* usi^d. This arrangement work5
very satisfactorily and rapidly. The culverts and gates are so arranged as to alM
furnish a slui<'eway fi>r the muddy water coming into the eanal ftrom Price Creek.
The direct drainage into the river is )irnotieable up to a stage of 6 feet above lov
water on the lower lock river gauge. Above this stage and up to a stage of 12.1 fret
on same gauge the drainage i^ through a lo-inch tile drain, which passes under th<*
th>or of thi' di»ck tViuu the sump to the culvert of the middle lock. On the line of
this drain is ]irovided a will with two self-acting valves which prevent back flow
into the d<»ck when the middle lock is tilled or discharging into the canal vrhen the
dock fills. Kither or lnuh valves can ho opened bv means of chains.
At «-ertaiu stages of the river it is net'cssary to i\epend upon pumps for drainage.
A Il^-inch rotary pump located on a well house in the south wall of the sluice is pro-
vided.
KnU r.ATIONS FOR THr. I'SK OF TIIK IHiY IKKK AT Till: IH.S MOlXKS lt.\fI|iS tWXAL,
1. The dry dock at the Pi's Moines Kapids Canal will be cunsiden-d as a part •»!
the Pes Moines Kapids Canal and its use will he governed by the regulations for the
government of this canal api>rov«'d by the iSe<"retary of War April 14, 1K85. so farsf
they may he applicable t(» the use of the dry dock, ami by the following special
n-gulalions:
L'. The pen:iltiis pro\ ide4l fi»r by si-etion 7 of the river and liarlN>r act of Jnly 3*
Issi. aiitl ])ni>li^li(il Willi tliecanal n-gulat ions, will apply to all violations of ^»neral
or s]>*'cial r«L:nlaTioim u:o\.Tniug the u^e of the dry dock.
3. The div iliM-k at iln» Pes Miuiies Kapids Caual, when not n't^uinnl for repairsor
ron-itruction liy tli*- Cnited ."^tati'*;. may be used by private ]»a r ties or eor)>o rations
under certain ri"»nii tiiiMN ami under the supervision and direction of tlie l*nit«d
States olheiv or a;^«ut in rh.um' of the Pes Moines Kapid^< Canal.
i. riie u>e lit the Pi-<. Moiiie> Kapid.s Canal Pry Pock being primarily fur the omi-
siruetion. exaniinanoii. and re]>air of 1mi\ eminent property, audit being iuip«>rati%'e
that thi^ dork he so inanageil as to he at all times available at short notioi* for the
n*;i' •■! ilie «oivernin»iit. it is iieeissary to restrict the uw* of the doek l»y ]irivate par-
ti i-> to Mii-h tinii* as i> reiiuiied for making repairs in emergencies aud for such wori^
APPENDIX A A — REPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 217!)
M cm not, in the opinion of the United States officer or agent in charge of tlie Des
Moines Rapids Canal, be conveniently or properly carried out at private 1)oat yardfl.
5« Private parties desiring to use tho D(4 Moinrs Rapids Canal Dry Dock will givo
notice to the Unite-d States officer or ag<'nt in cliargeof the Des Moines Rapids Canal
as long in advance as practicable, slating when use of dock is wanted, nature oi'
repairs required, and the diniensiouH and character of boat. No f)oat will enter thi>
doc^k until the permission of the United States oflicer or agent in charge has 1»ecn
obtained.
6. All private parties or corporations using the Des Moines Rapijds Canal Dry Dock
will furnish all material and labor required for prompt execution of their work, and
will also furnish all labor for properly ojierating, under the ininiediate personal su-
penision of an authorized canal employt^, gates, sluices, and other machinery and
appliances of the dry dock. No gate, sluice, or other niacliinery or appliance of the
* dry doek will be operated or in any way meddled with exce])t by permission of and
under the personal supervision of such authorized e.anal employ^.
7. N" l»oa4, will be allowed to occupy the Des Moines Kapids Canal Dry Dock for a
liHigiT ]»eriod than 2 days when otlu^r 1)oats are waiting to use the drxrk, except in
cawH when, in the opinion of the Unit-i'd States officer or ar'^nt in charge of the Des
Moines Rapids Canal, circumstances ncf^essitate and justify a longer use than 2 days.
Tlie l.'nitea States offieer or agent in charge of tho Des Moines Hap ids Canal is an-
tliorized to remove from the dry dock any l)oat using or occui)ying such dock with-
out his anthority, and the expense of such removal will be paid by the party or par-
ties o^'uing such boat.
8. The wages of all mechanics and laborers, due from private parties for rejmirs
carried on in the Des Moines Rapids Canal Dry Dock, must be paid before the boat
leaves the dock. *
9. The Government charges for the authorized and necessary use and o<?cni)ancy
of the Des Moines Rapids Canal Dry Dock by private boats shall be, until further
orders, as follows:
For boats of less than 200 tons :
For first day of 24 hours, or part thereof $15.00
For each subsequent one-fourth day, or part thereof 3. 75
For boats over 200 tons and less than 500 tons :
For first day of 24 hours, or part thereof 20. 0<)
For each subsequent one-fourth day, or part theniof •. 5. 00
For Imats over 500 toi^s:
For first day of 24 hours, or part thereof 25. (K)
For each subsequent one-fourth day, or part thereof 6. 25
10. The charges for all use or occupancy of the Des Moines Rai>ids Canal Dry
Dock by a boat of private parties, after repairs on such boat have, in the of»iniou of
the United States officer or agent in charge of the Des Moines Ra])ids Canal, been
so far completed as to permit safe removal from the dock, (»r after such removal has
lM»en <>rdeiid by the United States officer or agent in charge of the Des Moines Rap-
ids <Janal, shall be $50 per day or part of a day, in addition to any iienaltics incurred
for vifdation of any of the regulations jirescribcd by law for the government of the
dock and those using it.
11. The dock will be considered in use by a boat from the time the dock is placed
at its disposal until the boat is out of the dock.
12. Registered tonnage shall be taken when it is available. In other cases tlie
t^ninage will bo computed by the Unitcil ^States officer or agent in charge of the Des
Moines Rapids Canal.
13. The charges for the use of the dry dock must be paid at the time the b;»at
leaves the dock.
2180 KErOKT OF TllK CHIKF OF ENOIXKEKS, IT. S. ARMY.
Lift of vc98vh dorktit nt the dry dock at the Dcs koines Rapid Canal during tkeJiMcaJ
ending June SO, 1S91,
Dc8ip:ii<ition.
l>ato of I
oiilvriiijr '
Date of I
Iravinj; dock.
Steamors : !
Lilv. (T. S. ii-lil- !
hfujsi' timliri . . July 18. IKH)
Julia* All's. H. ISOO
AliTt Xw^. le. 181K)
<'i»l«»ntl Palti t "i-n* St^pt. 11. 18SW
J . « ; . Tarkr Oct. 9. l.OO
Fiirv Nov. 20. ly.iO
Vi\iu Apr. I.ISS'I
J. «;. V.n\r Mav 1. l^iU
Viirv Mav 4. l>i»l
ThiMl. ' May <>. 1S91
<;r)iiT:il I>:iMi.r.<i. . May 11.1891
SU.ini 1:tili;i iIin:
I.ui ia AiiiT-lIMiW
Stilla Nov. -J-i. ISM
V.Ww Apr. 18. IMU
l>I1il;:i's: j
rh.iniv .Tiilv 8. Ifl**^
rii.iiii\ Vui:. 11.1.<!W
.\i.i\ N«»v. i:M<iHl
A.ii\ Apr. ti. 1891
PiU" ilrixt-r:
N.«. liM : Nov. 10. ImW
Prill IwMl : i
Nil. :S4 1 June \X 1891
lUiiup iMi.its: I
N... :. I Jiilv 8.1890
No. «; • July 29. 1SW«
No. 1 .-Vui;, -3. 1SW»
No. 2 Srjir. 1.'. 1>'.M
No. I ilo
No.:; Ni'V. li». 1S!><"
Nu. 5 Mav •.•■>. 1SV>1
Jiily
Au;:.
Ani:.
Sept.
(Vt.
May
Apr.
Mav
Mav
MaV
>rav
19. 189i^
10. 189t>
L';t. 18l»«»
ir>. 1890
15. 181^1
1.1891
IS. 1891
4. 1'J'.n
fi. 1891
9. 18H1
14.1891
An;;. !••, 18?»'»
Juno 13. 1891
May 1, 18l»l I
Jul^ 12.189»^!
Aup. 1.^189o|i
Nov. Ki. l.-^lH'i-
Apr. 18.1891
Nov. 13.1890.]
June 16. 1891 !
Aup. 23.189" !
Nov. 10. 189'.t
St'pt. ••«. 1890
Svpt. •-'->. ISIH'
. . . I li» . .
Nov. 'Jo. l"iiU«
Denignation.
Date of
eiit<>iiiig
dock.
t>atoflf
^ IraTingdoA
"f
Quarter boats :
Xo.91 :XoT. 2(1. ia»
Vo O*'^ An
A^ \,'m X K* '■•••■■■••■ ••••••«••»••«■
Gm8siihop|HTi« :
No. 1 1;{ S-pt. 1 ri. ijBfr)
No. 112 Apr. 18. 1891
No. 113 May 1.1891
Bar^i.'« :
No. 9S Jnly 19.1890
No. 7 \ uir. 23. 189i^
No. 79 Anc.itl. 1890
No. 40 dtt
No. :i:. A up. »». 1890
No. ;r2 ! S»-pt. 6. 189i»
No. 29 t do
No. ftl Si'pt. 20. 1«W
^ O. oo. •..•••....■ ....<nl .......
No. 31 do
No. 28 : do
No. 82 U't. 25.1890
No.:W "...do
No. ;I7 .^. do
No. 5 do
No. T9 .Apr. 18. l.<91
No. «v; May 4.1891
No. 0 ilo
No. 1 do
No. f'T Mav 6.1891
No. if." Mav 2i>. 1891
No. 4' Mav 22. 1891
No. 98 ■ June 2. 1881
Apr. CUH
IVi*. 4. UN
June SI. UH
So|»t. an.u»
Mav l.im
May 4.im
Jnlv
St'pt.
Aue.
....Ac
Sfpt.
St'pt.
I... 'do
S'pl.
Oi-t.
: 5Hpi.
■ OvI.
•.liW
30. UN
11. IM
sllM
8.1W
Mav l.im
Mav iLirn
Mav 11. im
...an
June 2. IM
May 2Xli9l
June 13, un
"Ivolonj:* to private partiLsi.
t Nt'W; built at dry di>ek.
ErprnditHi'ts fnr opcrailntj and care of Ihs Moinrs Jiapidit Canal for Hsciil tf car rndittf
June ..<'.', ISi*l.
M..nt^.
Jnly
Vu::'i.4t
Si^]»ii !iil»i r ...
OOfl'iT
Niiviii.i'ir ....
Piri-miu r
S,u.ilU'>.
(till- 1- .!n<l aihniiii«!rati<in.
.**iip- Mii»i ill.t
Canal and locks.
^1 'I'.Vi 111
!i7.'. "o
v,7.". "<i
;;7,'». \'»'
tlanniirv
Fii»ni;ir\
Miiri ii
.Vpril
M.i\
JUH'*
Tol.U
1 ].'.■». t»i I
■ 7.'. II I
7'> 1'-^
."'. Ill
:>. 17:-
jilii-H.
52. 75
.xi;. ti.'i
i.r-i'
UfOllS.
T..t,d.
LalH.r. Suppliea. ^^^^ 1 TottL
i;5. 91.1
"7.":o
i?>.tiii
. ... I —J*
I
r:i.4i r?4. 19
28. 19 1. OS:. 2.} r^. 8«4. .^0 !
401.05 1. Ot5. 17
I :?8«».M 1.710.W •
21.44 : 397.91 l.tV<1.42 \
4.15
379.15 1.5U5.33 I
0. 7J
-It: 74
■• 1 .1
■■■»
I. **-.". 10 '
1.71.'..W
l.rtji'. M
iC>t. 68
::2l». fiS
892. :*2
147. 87 '
222. 70
131. 25
' 1.10 :.«,*« 2.915. 'H> i i:av02
1 0. i>i^ ■ •'.• 1 . 1 " t 1 . :* '2 . :•* I i 218. fti
4:<.54 ,
irvi. 49
:;65. 08 i
f757. 44
1. iw9. rrr
eK7. 21 »
947.59
2. 426. 14
4.5ia3
3.i:iLU
2.a3ft.«
4.i5fi.a
1,381.13 LSSLtt
2.S3T..VS . &»R.5T
58(^.16 s.3;r:.3i
40d.67 . S.0&3ff
222.39 i S,«iLH
200.02 I X\gk7i
11-. -^ 5.451.14 18.785.73 | 2.725.27 | 11,863.31 j Sa^Slia
;NDTX kA. — EEPORT OF MAJOR MACKENZIE. 2183
Kxptt^ilnrvn far opuralinii ami mrf of I'm Motam llttplib Camil, e(o. —Continued.
iranth.
Dredging CM..I.
Labor.
Soppllta.
CiiiTont
repilra.
ToUL
total.
tan
lies. 87
KLua
871711
AS
BS.M
•i«e.«7
"■Si
«.O0M«
n,MI.U
«■«'■"
l.tl31.»
1*1.
B,70
80.12
«.m.n
wi-oi
i.m,3i
8, 66a. 51
I. MS. SI
TiK-ei
I
f r«tJto riolnimi o/ lheDe$ Xoinu Sapidt Canal for thejiiotilfiearetidnig June 30, X
Xoolb.
^^
doirn.
a:.T
""S^™"-
clij^o
Gr*hL
1SK>,
33
98
S7
CO
55
7S
3i5il7
font.
ij,8s;i
b\u,^.
ia.fia
*-«.... ."".': ..
BOD' 11,351
GU
MU
.157, IS.S01 15,217
Iloulli.
Liimbor.
LofW.
SMngl™.
A'utnlfT.
1,075,750
!3,eS*,5«i
»,:'», 7M
18,153,500
»,<18tl,U«l
Lntlm.
I'll
aKO,(IO0
^r™W
■WO.
S^3!iJ
1.5011, IxMl
D.mi.KOii
», 371, 150
4,000, UW
■,»,:
"
ua
Si£::::::::
\!ZZ
i."Mo,ooo
13,!5(I,1M
358, UM
2182 nEPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, n. S. ARMY.
t UnpiSf rnnnt fnr Jtieal
Criiiuln u
n,i liKkii.
^,«ri««.
surpiiBs.
Total.
Lohor.
SuypUe..
Bepuin.
Totd.
»:i, 7111. DO
]HtH...
182.70
113.38
33.tH.n
V
Dredging oanol.
Uiaoelli-
L»l»r.
Suppllas.
E^imita.
CnntrBit.
Total.
tnUI.
ms
if" ■■'*.) .s
1672. OB
»17 63» «
4,7BS.3a
S.ESU.W
l,2fla.m
*a.iss.a
S:oo».6!
l\Z.tl
l-i4i:(,55
Ml- SI
a 172. 75
"■""
_ Kinkuk, Ivua, J»lg I, ISSI.
Vaj6R! I hoTB thn honor to submit the fullowiue rii)>»rt on " opi\rtitliif[ nnil oamV
of Dm HoiiiRH Knpiits Cunal" for ih» ilst'ul jvia enmug -tau* SO, I81II :
'ITiu ciuinl vaa ojjen to oavigiitiou 'XH 'liiys nnd ulosoJ 131 days. Niivij-dllou cIimnI
Novcrulwt 20, IHW, utkI upenod April I. 1891.
The low-water pPTitxIs of the pnat liscul youi' exteudM ftiHO JuJy 21) to Novumbme
30, 1B80, uiul IVoui Mur 29 tn Jime 30, 1891, duriiiK which ttinei) tho giiuraioi'.k gat«
m thi* cnnal rciniiuiail opDn to the river and tieatfy aU ukTigiitioo tii^ocaaurilj' n ~ '
UBC of the DimaL
0 CA?iAL i^MBununKF.
Vu7 lictle voTlt WAS done on the canal euili»n)un«nt. One or two mqaII iMt
B Eli>|>p«il uuii tliL- ripcHp repairod. QiilM u MrlnuH Utnk htu il'Mrelnnetl Il_.,
"e tha middle lofk in the old einbuukmeut UatwMn the cunul nnd tbn dry m>r:lH
inll soon reqiiiro utteution, thon^^h at ptsiuxit giving no cnnan I'ut iiuen '
\, IXKJK ai(OUM)S, BTC,
Vsihti guard lock heavy repalra were nuda to u.11 of tlin foor gutM. A coderdam
r(x>t high, 12 feet wide, and tM feet ioDK >M built iibovu tile 1«Kik, andonHGfeet
I Ijigh l)y 4 feet wide below. The materially the dinn waa utl ilrod^ed by the canal
I dredge Ajax, I'itlier from the river jnst ubava the oiiaaJ, the raatwial bniug gravel
I uiid cluy, or »tlff mud dredged ttom the riuial hottuui. Both dntns eloud very well
l< and gav^i but little trouble. At the upper gates the aix uppor armt> naA ehcathingj
li weT« reiniivnd, and nC tbe lower ^ules fbur tiers of arma wero ^oml>vt^d. In planking^
I' the gatM anew, the plajiks, beiaj; of 3-incb cypieBs, tongusd and gruovod, werm
r pl»nMl on the towi-r mce of the gate*. There was also saine work ilune in taking!
itp the old cflSt-iron segments at the upper end and in fiUing in hetweon tlio 8toii«a
liloi^k« to which they were bolted witb wood, forming a anopurt for tbe gtLtp shonJdiJ
nny ai^ideiit happen to the HuapenHion rods. Himilur bloeking waa put iu huhind*!
tho Bcgmeiito at the tower end of the lock; also new sLeaveH, hoods, and ahenvo- 1
frames, th«i hoods being of a mueli stioiiger pattern than tlitt old unea. CidvarlS
frames were repaired where found neuessary, and everything ptit in Kood ordecf
New elevlNKH of a new pattern and cost of olamintim bronze were put in alt the gatnq
of tbe cannl. There were two qualities made — those for the Inrger gittM of bronM
Xo. 1 (containing 10 per cent, of aluminum), and those for the four upper gates at.
uiiildle and lower locks of bronze No. 2 (containing 5 per cent, of uliiiniuum}. Thw^
lattor cIPvifiEs proved dellcient in streneth. Tests of the metal showed a tnusilttg
strength or7T,000ponnds per square jncli on small specimens cut from the misting.
The repairs of tbe guard-lock gates, etc., were carried on from November ao, 189
, to Ftibraarf 9. 1891. A mild winter greatly facilitated this work.
At tho middle and lower locks black soil wa« spread over the loek grounds an
gnitiH seed was sown upon the graded surface. Curbing was laid around the oflice4
MiiildJiig at the lower lock and stone posts, with chains, put np.
At Tb<> middle and guard locks a mason was employed to trim off sharp comen
the lock walla, replace defective stones, and point up tho joints of the niasonry.
h 'I'he I«1epbone line was rebuilt from the middle lock to the guard lock in Sopti
I tier, 1890. L.ightnlng rods were put up on every fourth pole to protect the linu,fl
II wbfrrh is very mnoli exposed, from iiyiiry during thunderstorms. Hew t«lophoiief
--'-' t were put in nt the crossings of the canal. The old cables had given out com>]
[e Unonnt of repair work was done to boate and bargee of the canal. Dredgi
« docked &om April 7 to 30, ISUl. New leaders wore put in her front, or&na^
gningR wre replaced, and 6 Iron knees were Hulistitut«d for the wooden ones about ■
vtriadnrii. Aapndof dreilge was repaired and general repairs wore made to dred^^V
msriiindry. Tbe.lowboat Vixen was docked and four broken timbers iu bottom o,^^
boat rciilaced,
BOOM BSLOW VaWKR LOCK.
The lioom was taken in November IS, 1H90, without trouble, and stored in thecanatl
fiirthe wlnti^. It woe put out again April landS, 1891. Thislioomaliouldbe docksA J
p Winter, and the accumulated mnd washed out of it at the dry dock. It bc^inaH
A very low in the water. It baa answered its purpose llioruughly and give*.^
U sattsracUnu.
2184 UEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S ABMT.
*
MACIIItfF: Slior AT UiWKR I.OCK.
Diirini( ilio wiiitor all luii oii(>. of t}H^ lock (^n^^incors wore cinployod on general lock
And niaoninery repuirH. Now oloviscs of uluininum bronze were made for ull the caual
^iit^'N, and ni^w piiw wtav niado for the clevises. Dynamos were repaired and <'lectric
niaeliiiicry w.-m overhauled. A relief valve was made and iitted to the lower lock
diNlrilHiliii^ valve. At IvOsi $40,1)00 worth of work has now been tnmed out of this
Hliop riiiiett it was inaugurated in 1883, and nearly all of this is a direct saying to the
Duitml StateN,
CAPSTANS AT LOCKS.
A worm eap.stan, built by the Amoriean Ship Windhiss Company, of Providence,
K. I., wuN erected at the middle luck. This capstan and the one at the lower lock
ai't^ ))riucip:illy used for hauling rafts into and out of the locks, and are of great serr-
ico in expediting the passage of the locks.
DREDOIXO CANAL.
|)n'«l;ro Ajax and towboat Vixen were employed in dredging canal from July 1 to
August jr>, ISiM). At the latter date the dn-dge was detached for work at Rock Isl-
and L'aplds. Dredge Jjax was em[)loyed November 20 to 25, 1890, in dredging mate-
rial for colVerdams at the guard lock; March 28, to April 6, 1^1, In removing gtuad
Uu'k coHerdams, dredging material for tilling the middle-lock grounds, putting ont
boom at' lower lock, etc. ; May 4 to 31, 1891, in removing deposits of mud from the
upper U'Vii}. Dredge PhccniXj with steam-launch ^<7a as tender, worked in the upper
lc\rl of the canal from August 1 to 10, 1890. At the latter date the Phcdnix went to
Montrose to remove some cribs that obstructed the raft channel.
Mat^'rial removed:
Vicinity of guard lock cubic yards.. 23,667.64
Vicinity of Sandusky do 22,612.19
Vicinity of lower lock do 490.98
Total 46,770.76
DKrOSlT IN TlIK CANAL.
A survey was made of the whole canal in August, 1890, and the amount of deposit
above grade calculated therefrom. The survey shows that extensive areas oitbs
canal are 2 feet above grade, and some portions even 3 feet above grade.
OFFICK Bi:iLl>ING.
The new ofTi<^e building has been in use for one ycjir. The past very mild winttf
showed that by use of stoves it would be <lillicult to keep the buillling warm in
severe weather. It should be lit^atcd by stcaui from the boiler at the lower lock.
Kstimatcs made i)lace the expense of this work at tJlTiO.
OPKKATING DRY DOCK AT DES MOINES RAPIDS CANAL.
The «lry do<'k has been in constant use during the past year for the docking and
repairing; of boai^ l)clon;:ing to the (iovennuent ]dant. as well as of boats belonging
to private i)arties, the latter being permitted to UvSe the dry dock under the regula-
tions lor the use of ilie dock that liave been approved by the Secretary of War.
Durini^ tlie year ]>rivat(; boats and barges w«.»re clocked for repairs, and dockage
Jccs for sueli use of tliedry do<k and at the rates approved by the Secretary of War
were eollcct.«Ml as tollows:
SleauH'r Julia $30.00
Steamer Cnlnnd I'atttrvou 52.50
Steamer Thisllr 15. 00
J Jarge. No. 1 (towed by steamer Miiftser) 15. 00
Total 112.50
There should be a ]>roper shed built at the dry dock for storing oak and other
lumber, and tor protecting the workmen from the weather during winter work. A
]>roper shed can be built for $2,r»(NI. and about •i'i^OO ad<litional \>ouId purchase some
machinery — a saw and a planer, which are much needed at times.
'ni*n.!.llUoii"fihp.lrvfl..'>.k I: (hi> !.[.rMrr|.ini.,ir™.,r Hii'IVHM"iii.-.lii.(.MKraii»l
*^<|riir>« 111" ■»X|u'riiUlNr'^ <>r t KiiiuU xiiin {iiiiiriHlly M ki'np II, In ii'ii^ilt' iinil In UN".
Onti tti]rk,inilAt«r mill uiie watcluuuu jiid mijiiirinl :il lliu ilrv ilnrk i'i>iit.Iijni>iiiily. Miii'e
ni Im> hif ifleutal repaim have to be idiiiIg annually to thu liuililiugs niid. ^annda of
U)r> tluck. I estimate that the Bum Teqiiirerl uimnaU; Ut keep the nry dock lu opur-
Btk<>n t« oa fflllowB:
Our ilu'^liuia«trr aad canientw, 12niouUia, iit iJlOO per month 91,S0I>
One WHlnhliioa, 13 moiitha, ut 945 per muutb 540
' l<airi>Um 200
Jl^^)Ias*i>iaa repairs U> bnililingB and groimdH . 300
Total 2,240
BrSIfKM OF THK CANAI.
Ijow wal«i B#t iit uliDiit the middli* of Jnly, 1S90, and continned nutil the c1ob« of
navijciiUam. In 18!il luw water begnn May 29, anil continned until the close uf
tile fiwal jrt<ar. 01' Xhv H months during thi? ynitt that the ennal vas operated, fi
muutJut wt^re ui.iiIxm] by low -water; an<l licring this mmod of low water nearly uU
91 lUTfgatiuu «»» tii>r>-<iMiiril,v throngU tlie naunl. Heavy tows of ice and railroad tieii
■ ItfVV bMS fiMliltfw of the Gonuoeirial AtatJstk-s.
■^ V«tr teupp'tfrilly, yout obedient servant,
■ U. Mkigs,
W UtiiUd Stala Civil B '
P H^. A. Ma(:kxnwk,
Carf of Knginetr; U. S. A.
' IPiinlol to Hou» Ei. Doc. No. 72, Finy-flrat CoDgreiw. tftanA wmfon.]
Office of the Oitikf of Engineers,
United Htates Armt,
Washington, I). C, December 6, 1890.
Sir ; I have the lionor to submit lierewith the aecoinpaiiyinji oopy of
re|)ort, dated November li5, ISiK). from Maj, A, Mackenzie, Corps of
Engineers, giving results oi' preliminary examination of f^lough at Ham-
ilton, 111., with a view to dredging out the same, made to comply with
provisions of the river and liarbor act api»roved September 19, 1890.
^lajor Mackenzie reports that an exiuniiiation of this locality was
made under the act of Angust 11, 1888, aTid an adverse report made
thereon under date of November 27, 1888, to be found on pages 1781 to
17»4, Annual Report Chief of Engineers for 1880; and that after a
)ie<'ond personal examination of the locality he is still of the opinion
that tie main slough at Hamilton, 111., is not worthy of improvement
by the General Government, an opinion which is also held by Col. O.
si. Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer, Northwest Division.
The views of these officers are concurred in by me.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Caset,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Engiiuyers.
Hon. Bedfi£ld Pboctor,
Searetartj of War.
^^^H BBl-liKT (IF MA,lliR A. MiCirENZn':, CQKPK (iF ENt: INERRS.^^H
^^^P t7MTF.D Statbs Engineer Opfios, Jf^H
^^^H Bock Inland, TIL, November $5, -^^S^^H
^^^P GenEBAL : The river and harbor act of September 19, 1S90, prov|^H
^^^KBir nil (^xiLiniiiation or snrvey of tbe slough at HamiltoD, -with a vi^j^H
^^^Biiri;<1giiig out the same. ^^
^^^H I'he prelimiuary exauiiuation of the main »lougli at Hamilton, HL,'
^^^H aflsigtii'd to iiiG by letter dated OiSce Cliief of Bngioeers, Septembcr
^^^H^5, ISiHl. liaviug been tuado, I have the houor to submit the following
^^^Hrcport thereon :
^^^H Tlin river aud liarbor act of August II. 1888, provided for an exam-
^^^B imition (if '■ Mississippi Biver, the main slough at Hamilton, 111., to tbe
^^^H fud of Hcruiiiig a good aud suflicient lauding at that point." A report
^^^H upon Kiii'h ■■xnniiuatjon was submitted by me to the Chief of Engiucers
^^^H under dat<;- of November 27, 188S, and is found on pages 1781-1784, Re-
^^^B port of the (.Hiief of Engineer's for 1889. A sketch of the locality and
W^^ copies of letters received from the Business Men's Association of Ham-
F ilton accompanied the report. Considering the intciests involved, the
uatiiral condition of tlie slough, and the section of the MiBsissippi Blvflr
L ill its vicinity, and the very great expense that would attend the carry-
I^^H itig out of such work as was contemplated by the act of Congress, n^
^^^Kcouclusions, as given in former report, were that the main sloagh irii
^^^H JIamilton was not worthy of improvement by the General Government.
^^^^L The conditioni^ now existing in Hamilton Slough are the same as ex-
^^^^Listvd at time of the former examination. The head of the slough is
^^^^Tobliterated, except at high stages, by a giavcl bar, which is constantly
^^^■^■^reasing in size; water only reaches the slough in an insignificant
^^H^&tn^am. tiirOugU a narrow and crooked cut-off; several crftftkfi 6inpty
I inio the Nlougli at and above tlie town of Hamilton, forming gravel bars,
wliii'h stretch across and, in pla<^es, almost fill the entire bed of the
iflloiigli. which burs, if removed, would soon reform; at and below thfi^
town of Hamilton the slongh is crossed by low highway and rai^M
bridges without draw openings. ^^^t
The former bead of the Rlough and the exi»tiug cut-off can (n^^^f
snaTde ar^eHsible &oni tlie main river at stages of less than 3 feet,^^^|
for small steamboats and light-draft flatboats. by extensive rock ci^^^H
in the bed of the Ues Moines Rapids aud of the slough, in addita^^H
sand and gravel dredging in river and Blough. j^^H
It i» practicable by the dredging of some sand and gravel to en^JJ
lud straighten the cut-off and increase somewhat the depth of waterln
the slough, and such work, so long as its effects remained, wonld prob-
(ibly enable very light-draft boats and barges to reach tbe Umn dar-
ing a portion of the year, and tbe lumber yards of Hamilton and ^flH
shipping ititerc!«ts would derive some benefit from such dredgingj^^H
the existing conditions and public necessity would not, in my op^^^H
justify the undertaking of sueh temporary work by tlie General G<]^^^|
For fnrther details regarding the subject under consideration, T 1^^^|
ret'(>r to my former rcpoi-t of November 27, 1888. ^^H
After a second itersimal examination of the locality I am atill <i^^^|
m^ (ipinioti tbat the niuiii ."lough at Hamilton, HI., is not worthy 4^^^|
K-|irovement by the Generiil Government. ^^^|
H^ Very reHpcetfully, your obedient Gcrvant, ^^^|
H A. MACKESzm, ^^H
■ [big. <icii. TnoHAS L. ('i.eiRY. Mnjur, Corps of ICngin^^^M
■r Vliic/ 0/ Knginccrx, U. S. A, ^^H
IS- A A — HEPORT OF. MAJOR MACKENZIE. if! 873
BpTEND]
V U. 8. Kngisbkr Oi'Firr.,
" Detroit, Mich., Ptcember a, 1890.
H-lfitllj' rfhiriiwl to the Office of the Chief of Engineera witli li*-
It 1 coTifiir ill the ojiitiioii of Mitjor Mufkenzie that, the IwiulitjV
i b> U uot worthy 6f iuipEuveiiieut by the Oeaeral QoTerniiiuuC.
O. M. POB,
Colonel, Corps of Enffiveeri,
J>iri»inn Enffineerj Northwest JHvuion.
fPrlnlrd In UuuH Er. !>«■. No. iV. Finy-flrst Cmfn-™". •'^'"1 <"*••••«.]
WARY KXAMINATION OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT AND ABOVE
ON, IOWA, WITH VIEW OF REMOVING BAR8 NORTH OF UTTI.E
ISLAND.
TTiaTED vStates Engineer Ofpick,
Roek Island, III., September S7, 1890.
'.RAL: I hftve the honor to acknowledge the receipt of lett^-r
>tBc« Chief of Engiueers, September 20, 1890, referring to pM-
V exam itiuti oils i-etiuiretl by river and harbor act of Septembtr
>. assigning to my eharge ii preliminary examination of "MiHsi't-
iver at and above Clinton, Iowa, witli view of removing bars
f IJttle Ilock Island," and allotting S5U for the cost of suclt prji-
y exfyiiination.
ocality referred to embraee-s a portion of the Upper MisBiseippi
letvreeu Fnlton, III., and Clinton, Iowa, about 2 miles in laagLh.
facts reRiirdin? this imht nf n\'i'i- uliirli wmld bo shown by a
luirv exiuniiiatioii iiu- ..I: . ■ lii- .r..<]. I'mni iufornmtinii
I. r^mal'Ic tosiihiiLi
lection of the Llpiwr .'Mishissijh)! iJucf Ijciiij; considered contains
md, and jiorticms of the •.'lt;iiiiii'l ai'c cljan^cable. A sand bi.r
ring the past few years, bci'ii imning dnwii t')wards the head of
totrk Island, and now, at icitain stiifji^s iif water, interferes soni-f-
ith raft navigation.
■onditinn.s of iiavigation iil)iiv(( t'linton are not such aa to make
ate work in that locality of as much importance as work on othfc
s of the UpiMT Mississippi Hivcr, but it certainly appears th; t
tion of the river ln'iiig i-unsidcred is worthy of improvement, and
ch improvement slmuld be carried out whenever funds can Le
y allotted to the work. Any work which may be carried ott
II Fulton and ('lintoii wit! tbrui a |iart of the " improvement of
per Mississippi River," an iin]noveinciit in which the whole coni-
rfthe Mississippi Eiver in intereste<l.
0 detailed survey of the section of river under consideration ha«
ade for several yoar.s I believe a new survey is justifiable and
lie. The cost of audi a survey, including offii-c work of inakini;
1 estimate t*) be *.'ilMI. or $-S>H in addition to llie ?.')ll allotted IV'r
nary exainiiiatimi.
Very resiiectfully, your obedient servant,
A. MA(:kexzie,
Major, Corps of Engineers.
Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Kilt/! iiecrs, U. S. A.
•ugh Col. O, M. Toe, Corps nl' lingiueers, Division Knfiineer,
"est Ui vision.)
2188 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARM7.
[First iDduisemeiit.]
U. S. Engineer Office,
Detroit^ September 29^ 1S90.
Respectfully forwarded, approved and recommeDded.
O. M. PoE,
Colonel, Corps of EnffineerSy
Division Emjineer^ Northwest JOivision,
survey of mirsisssirn river at and above clinton, iowa, with
view of removing bars north of little rock island.
United States Engineer Office,
Rock Isliindj III, December 20, JS90.
General: The river and harbor act approved JSepteniber 19, 1890>
provided for a preliminary examination of the *' Mississippi Kiver at
and above Clinton, Iowa, with a view of removing bars north of Little
Kock Island." It was fiirther provided by the act that, if such pre-
liminary examination showed the locality to be worthy df improvement
by the*. General Governmeiit, a survey should be made and estimates of
the cost of proper improvement should be prepared.
By letter dated September 20, 1890, the preliminaiy examination
above rel'erred to was assigned to me, and, under date of September 27,
181)0, 1 submitted a report upon such preliminary examination. In this
report I stated :
Tlie section of the Upper Mississippi River lieiiig coiisidered contains mnch und,
and ]»ortions of the channel are changeable. A saind bar has, during the paflt few
yt^arH, 1)(icn moving down toward tlie head of I^ittle Rock Island, and now, at c«r-
tain stages of water, interferes somewhat with raft navigation.
'J'he conditions of navigation al)ove Clinton arc not such as to make inunediaU
work in that locality of as much imi)ortance as work on other portions of the Upper
MiHsissippi River, but it certainly appears that the section of the river being con-
sidered is worthy of improvement, and that such improvement should be carried oat
whenever funds can be proj>erly allotted to the work. Any work which may be car-
riiMl out between Fulton and Clinton will form a ])art of th«^ ** improvement of the
T]>j>er MissiH8ipi)i River," an imi^roveuient in which the whole commerce of the Mi»-
Hissi])]>i River is interested.
As no detailed survey of the section of river under (*ousidcration has been made
for sev«'ral years, I believe a new survey is justitiablo and desirable.
Th<» survey above re feried to was order<»d by lett(M', dated OflQee Chief
of Kn^in<»ors, Octtober 1, 1890, and made in October, 1800. A tracing
sliowin;»; the results of tlu* survey is trausniittrd lierewitli.*
This survey shows that at tlie present time th(»re exists n deep, wide
clianiicl in the center ot* river and along the Illinois shore from Fulton
to th(* head of Little Eock Island; at this ])oint the main low- water
channel crosses tlie head of the island, under a sand bar, to the Iowa
siiorc. At any stage i)ackets and single towboats experience little or
no troubh* in the vicinity of Clinton, so far as the depth and slia]»eof
the channel is concerned. At stages greater than 4 feet above low
wat<M* lafts are sent down tlie Illinois shor<» east of the island, under
the raft s])an of the railroad bridge. When the water is at <a lower
stag<' rafts nnist follow the low-water chamu*] across the head of little
l{(Mk Island and pass the bridge west of the island, and this oi>eration
is tedious and attende<l with some danger.
■ — ' — ^-^— — ^—^^^
•>»ol ivprintcd.
4 <
2190 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARIIT.
t^ie proper time, there arc uo conditions which necessitate a special ni
pi'opriation for the work. All necessary work in this locality can^
carrit^d out, whenever found necessary, under allotments ft^om the ycft
eial appropriation tor ^'improving the Mississippi River iTom Mina^i
apolis to Dos Moines liapids."
A' cry respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. Mackenzie,
Major J Corps of EHginetn.
l>ri<:. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of EnghxeerSy U, 8, A.
(Tlirou'rh Col. (>. M. Pi>e, Corps of Engineers, Division Eugineer,
> or t invest Division.)
[First iiiflor!H>iiii>nt.]
U. S. Enginkeb Office,
Detroit December ;23, 189(k
BespectfuUy forwarded.
I concur in the conclusions reached by Ms^jor Mackenzie in this n- ^
p)rt, and recommend that his proposition to build ''a closinjc dam be
t»»ecn Little Eock Island and the tow head to the left" be apprnviiL
O. M. PoE,
CoJonelj Corps of Engineen^
Diriifion Etujincer^ Northwest Divmonm
APPENDIX BB.
'ROVKM8NT OP MISSISSIPPI HIVER ABOVE FAI,I,8 OF ST. ANTHONY,
IISSESOTA, OF CHU'PEWA KIV'KR, WISCONSIN, OF ST. CROIX RIVBK,
V18CONSIN AN1> MINJJESOTA, OF MINNESOTA RIVER, MLNNESOTA. AND
IF BED RIVER OF THE XORTH, MINNESOTA AND NORTH DAKOTA;
JAUOUJO MISSISSIPPI RIVER AT OR NEAR ST. PAl'L, MINNESOTA.
<!POBT OF MAJOB W. A. JOTiES, CORPS OF KXi>l!iEEBS, OfTlfKS I.V
charok, fob the fiscal tear exdino june so, is9i, with otaeb
hocumexts eei.atikg to the works.
impbovkmi:nt8.
UlMiwippt River abovo Falls of St.
Antlituiy, Hiunesots.
■BMTTuiK at hoadWHteia uf MiMii-
•Ippt Biv«r.
-'Iilpiww* River, including Yellow
lUnkB, WUcouHin,
^C. Troit Rirer, Wihcodbui iind Miii-
5. Miiine^-nla River. Miiiu><tH>tji.
6. Rati River of the North, MinuMOls ani\
North Dikkota.
7. Surveys for reaervoiM at the «i>nrMMior
MisHisxippi, St. Croix, ChippewA, mi<\
EXAMINATIONS,
Harlior at HiiiJson, Wiscnncin. «ii
nlT from the niivigiilde' c
(h« St. Urnii I.nk~o. na -.i
Ihc Govei
,.l a<
> the fensihi
ing the waters of Willow itiviT
Ihi- .'ityof Hudson into the ii
H:\\Ae ohannel ol thr> laki',
SwiKiveroftheNorth, Nurlli U.il
]iriivLnu the nsiviciititui
i1;iiii at (joose RnniilB ii
Crc^I lliiy, Totteli Bay, a
United States liNGiNBER Office,
m. Paul, ^finn., July 8, 1891.
■■Uneeai.: I have the honor to transmit Lerewitli reports upon the
" ■ n and liarljorsiu my charge
.,..1 and wnrk.s for improvem«nt of ri
the flseal year ending June .'iU, 1891.
Very re-spwtfully, your otii'difiit s(
'Vig, Gen. Thomaw L. (Ja.sey.
Chie/ of EmjtHterH, U. 8. A,
L'vant,
W, A. JONKS,
Major., Coi-jis of Kmjhu-i:
THE ClIll'iF Of KM
The present project, under which work \ia» been tarried on sint
intruding 1880, is based upon the project for the improvement of
miles of the river, from Couradi Shoals to Grand Kapids, the latter tM'
pitsenl head of steamboat navigation. The estimated cost, 151,127^
18 given in the report of February 8, 1875, upon part of the Mississippi
routes to the seaboard ; plan of improvement to afl'ord 3 to 5 feet depUi
in the cliannel by removing emagu, bowlders, and bars, and confining
the low-water discharge to widths practicable for navigation by meom
of wing dams where necessary. In 1889 the estimate was increnfted to
*fi;),000.
This same report (1875) estimated the cost of improvement of tha
river between the Falls of St. Anthony and St. Cloud at 8144,(i(>7.50j the
improvement of tliia section to aiFord 5 feet depth in the channel at loT
water between tlie falls and St. Cloud by removal of sand, gravel, and
bowlder bars and the construction of wing dams. The sum of $20,00^
appropriated by act of Congress approved August 14, 187C, was ex-
pended between those placea. Prior to the rendition of the report and
«4tjmate of February 8, 1875, Congress had ajipropriatcd, by act approvAfi
June 23, 1874, thesum of Sl!5,tK)t» for improvement of the river above the
Falls of St. Anthony, which was also exi)ended in improving the i ' "
neJ between the falls and St. Cloud.
Steamboat navigation having discontinued between the falls i
. Cloud, a distance of 78 miles, the tliird appropriation made bj
gresa, that of jl 15,1(00, by a«t of Congreas approved June 14, 188t^
applied to the stretch (130J miles in length) of river between AitkiiT
(rrand Rapids (this stretch included within the distance &om tho rupiilM
to Conradi Shoals], as have been alT subsequent appropriations tor im-
proving the river above the Fidls of St. Anthony.
Before work of improvement commenced under the present iilan ChO
stream between Aitkin and Grand Bapids was so obstructed by snags,
bowlders, and leaning trees that at low and even high stages of watat
navigation was difficult and sometimes almost impossible for stuamurt
drawing less than 3 feet of water.
The amount esj>ended on present project to June 30, 1890. iticladJsg
outstanding liabilities, $44,900.13. With this sum there hnd bwin pm-
dueed a general depth in the improved channels except on the rapids
of 3 feet at low water. On the rapids the channel depths woru but 3
feet; a few snags and leaning trees otfercd some obstruction, bat diid
, not serioosly interfere with navigation.
Field work during the past fiscal year was performed between Bo-
Tember, 1890, and April, 1891, in deepening and widening all tliei'
places (rapids] in the channel between Aitkin and Ei-ainerd. Tho '
was carried on during the winter, as at that season the water i
brought by the aid of the reservnirs at headwaters of the Mi
Kiver to an abnoi-mally low stagt.' and offered the best opport
pruset^iiting work.
APPENDIX BB — REPORT OP MAJOR JONES.
2193
The following is a stsitcmcnt of work perfonncd during the fincal year
ciuling June .'K), 1801 :
1)<*Hi*ri|itioii.
Wins and train log fLimii con»trurt<'<l ( i.4(h) ii-rt Itm;;) : ^ *
liock placed in work '. . . .vu. \ tU . .
Brush placed in work innU . . l
Bowldm removed from rliiiinir] m. v(1m..|
iJIay, sand, and gravel n^'h «>xr:iviiti-(l <lo '
Sna£S removed :
16-inch diameter ,
18-inch diameter
32-lncli diameter
<>ii;nitity.
font.
IfiK
mi
1
1
1
$2.M i»or c'uhic yard.
$4.U1) ptT f^nl.
$'i.27 iM»r en hit: yard,
$iJ.*J7 per cubic yard.
The field work wa^s in cliargc*, of Mr. E. J)aveni)()rt, assistant cnf^ineer,
to whom credit is due for encM'^j^y di.si)laycd. His report, api)ended
hereto, contiunn an account in detail of the season's operations.
During the month of August a steamboat will be emi)loyed in remov-
ing all snags which obstruct tlie channel, and then the work of improv-
ing this sti-etch of river will be (tompleted. Our operations duiing the
last winter, were extiemely succossful, and result<Ml in making a good
navigable river from Grand Kapids to Brainerd, a distance of 185.4:
mUes. Over this reach we h{iv<i incn^ased the navigable depth more
than 1 foot.
There being no demand at pr(^s<Mit for navigation between Brainerd
and Minneaiwlis, no further approi)riation is now a.sked for. The time
will come when this should hv <lono. 1 will say in conclusion that this
reach may be placed in exccll(»nt navigable condition at quite a reason-
able expense.
Amount expended during liscal year ending fJune 30, 1891, including
outstanding liabilities, $10,479.L>2.
The three completed reservoirs at the headwaters of tlu^ I\Iississij)y)i
Kiver, above Grand Rapids, may be relied upon iMMUM'forth to provide
sufficient water and depth for the steamboats on the riv<*r at and above
Aitkin.
Last season one steamer with barges was engaged in freight and pas-
senger transportation between Aitkin and (irand Rapids. During the
winter of 1889-^90 the Duluth and Winnipeg Railway (3onipany con-
struct4?d and are now operating a line from (/hxpiet, a point on the St.
Paul and Duluth Railway, to Grand Rapids. Th<i same company will
tixtend their line from Grand Rapids toward Winnipeg.
In 1889, my predecessor, Maj. (J. J. Allen, reported —
•
''The comparative t»blc8 of roiiimt^rcial Rtatistics herewith show that in 1880, the
year in which the work of iinjirovciiieiit between Aitkin and Grand Rapids com-
iiiencedy there was bat one BtcaiiKT (with itu barges) nlyin^ Itetween those points,
iind that though the aniDunt ol' frci^^ht tranHported tliat year by steamer was un-
iisnally large, the freiglit rat<iH wt^re from 75 cents to $1 per lnin<ircd pounds, while
in 18^ 1884, 1885, and 18^(i the rates rodnced to 20 to 40 cents per hundred pounds.
The last name<l tignree obtained in 1SS«), at which time there were three steamboats
I'ngaged in freighting and carrying ])aK8engcr8 between Aitkin and Grand Rapids
The country bordering tlu? rivc'i* north of Aitkin is becoming more and more settled,
and there is no doubt that the improvcmont of the river already etVeeted by the
I'liited States Government has largely contributed to the increase in settlement.''
This work i9 in the collection district of Minnesota, of which St. Paul is the port
of entry and 8t. Vinc<Mit a sul>port. ('ollc<*tions for year eiulinjj: December 31, 1890,
$1105,878. (M). Value of domestic exports for same period, :|«l,7;Jli/J07,
EI^U 91 138
2194 KEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
ABSTRACT OF AFPROPBIATIONB.
By act approved —
June 23. 1871 '125.01
AnguBt 14, 187H •tSft.iW
June 14, 188() W
March 3. 1S81 10.
By act passit'd Auj^ust 2. l^y<L> : ^ HI;
Byact of AuKll^t 11. 1SV< ^ 10.
By act approvtMl 5>«'ptfiiilMM- \\K 1KH> * 18»
Total lOS^OOl
Money sfaff*tnn}t
July 1, 189(\ balauoo nnexptMidcd y. $13.54
Amount aiipiopriatoil by art appmved September 19, 1890 18, OiUXW
IS.CHSLM
June 30. 185^1. auiouut expended durin«j tiM-al year 10. 1.M.2F I
July 1, ISJH, balanee unexpended 7,5ft2.fl
July 1, ISIU, outstanding liabilities 31.0
July 1. 181U, balakce available 7,56L\.6S
IIKlMUrr OF MR. R. P-VVrNPoKT. ASSISTANT KNCINEKR.
St. Paul, Minx., April 30, 1S9J.
Major: The followinjr report of work done in the improvement nf the Mie&sissima
River above the Falls of St. Anthony, during the winter of 1890-'91, it» n^spectthlir
submitted.
The work was rtmmientx^d in November, 18iK), and completed in April, 1891. jnst
before the opening of navigation. During the entire working Bea(H)n the river *«
clo.sed by iee.
Tlie force employed on the work consisted in all of 14 men and 2 t«am8, extra teami
being hired when occasion — moving camp, etc. — required.
The men and teams were housed in tents — the camp being moved as often as nw-
essary — so as to be always in the inmiediate vicinity of tlie work.
Tlic length of river worked over wan about 1<C> miles, from Grand Kajiids to a poini
3 miles b««b»w the outlet of' IMne Kiver. Of this distance, however, a bont 15niilr«
between Aitkin and Tine Knoll riMiuiretl no work of improvement, as on that 8*»ctioB
the river is deep and slu;iuisli and free fri»m bowblers and reefs.
The work i>f imjtrovenieiit. as instructed, was eontiued entirely to the remova]of
obstriu'tions fnuu the navigable channel, ami the construction of wing and traiDiiV
dams where necessary.
All ob.st met ions were removed to an estimated de]»th of 3 feet below low w»trr
(l.«XX><'ubic feet per second discharge fn»m Pokegama l>am) and to a uunimiuii widtk
of 80 feet at the same stage.
Bowlders of all sizes up tt) 3 cubic yards were removed by horse-power, n\dM ^T
blocks ami tackle. Clay. san<l. ami gravel reels were excavated by scraix'ru. nik<*'
and shovi^ls. after first being broken up by dynamite. (Seven hundn'd pounil**'
dxiiamite were used on the wtirk.'^
In all '.'-^T cubic yanls of bowldiTs and 5tU i-nbie yards of clay, sand, and gravel
reefs were rmioved trom the channel.
Length of wing and training dams and shore pndeetion e<mstnict«'<l, 1.109 Hm'*'
feet.
Brush cut. bound into faM'ines. and ]daced in dams. 1(?8 conls. Kock collected »«*•
placed in dams. tV.»i).; rubic yards. Snags removed from channel, 3.
The ii»si of the work averaged as follows:
Kemoval oi' bowM»Ts and excavation of clav. sand, and gravel reefs, per cubic ^
vard ■ |8.2r*
'
Brush rut. bimnil inti» faseines. ami ]»l:i<'e<l in dams. ]»er <-or<l .- 4.'
Stone e\i-.i\ated «>r eolleitetl from r«M-t's rind ]»l:ireil in jlams. per eiibii- yanl.. l!.*j
Snails r»iin»\eil. eaeh IJ.*^^
Cost of siib^i^teMie. iK-r rjititui ■* A
Cost t»f lora^e. i)er ration -!►
*Madc and expended before the adoption of the present projeott
_. _>
[ WINTER OF
|S7Ci*
.Y4t.
»•
fft. below Itw
Nsd
ired
N.
!
tm
. * .
APPEKDIX BB — EEPOBT OF MAJOB JONES,
g ia » BUt«mBnt of Uie MTork iu doUU :
2195 i
1
111
II
Lin.Jl.
^
i^
f
Siwgi remoTAd. J
j
i
1
O..,*-.
a*d»
(Vir*
/M*M.
nu.
Pi>U«m
<" .
o HalM
s
W
H
n
■
IS
M
51
an
TO
u
in
1
13
«
nil
lU
to B*t-
IT
17
so
T*
*•*
m
U
■1
m
Sandy
"i
a
pirt. to
M
I>lud
"
iw
«
41
w
. >,..
.
1«
.
an
24
lioaA
104
P
18
i
108
>M^
121
'
oust
s
of til.' work llir
2196 REPOBT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AEMY.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
Comparative statement of steamboat business on the Mississippi River between Aitkin md
Grand Rapids, 1SS0-1S90, inclusive.
Year.
Steam*
boats.
Freijght
earned.
Passengers
carried.
Total
tonnage.
Year.
Steam-
boat*.
Freight
earned.
Passengers
carried.
Total
tbnna^
1880*...
1
1
2
2
2
2
Pounds.
7,874,250
2,200,000
3,026,000
2,800,000
16,000.000
5,000,000
1,000
1,540
1,764
• 1,100
1,346
2,400
Tons.
1886..
1S87..
1R88..
1889..
1890..
3
3
3
2
1
Pounds.
8, 000, 000
3,710,400
5,321,443
7,000,000
3,212,550
3,500
2,884
2,860
5,250
1,253
Tons.
1881
1882
2.880
3,SS
i,eM
1883
,
1884
1885. . . .
i
* Amount of commerce and navigation when work of improvement began.
Amoont of commerce and navigation, 1890, approximate.
t
Comparative statement of loose logs run on the Mississippi River above the Falls of 8L
Anthony.
Year.
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
Loose logs
nm.
228,000,000
238, 000, 000
285, 000, 000
420, 000, 000
.'{67, 000, 000
317, 99:J, 000
1880
1S87
1888
1880
1890
I
Loose logs
run.
282, 600, 000
♦265. 000, 000
*265,000,000
288,000,000
325,660,280
* Approximate.
B B 2.
KESERVOIRS AT £EAD WATERS OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
The reservoir project is the outcome of surveys and examinations in
1869, 1874, 1878, and 1879, the results of which are published in api)en-
dices to various Annual Ecports of the Oliief of Engineers. The r6suni6
of the subject is given in the leport of tlie Board of Engineers, printed
in Appendix A A to the Annual Rei)ort of the Chief of Engineers for
1887.
From the results of the surveys and examinaticms just noted and ftir-
ther examinations in 1880, the lirst cost of (?onstrnctiiifx 41 reservoir dams
in Minnesotii and Wisconsin was placed at 81,8()9,08;3, exclusive of that
of land damages, which could not be given in advance. (See page 1871,
Ai)])cndix W to Keport of the Chief of Engineers for 1881.)
The project for this im])rovement was inaugurated in 1880 by an ap-
propiiation for the construction of a reservoir dam at Lake Winibigo-
shish, made by act of Congress approved June 14 that year. For Sie
reasons given in the Annual Eeport for 1880 tlie work of constmction
commenced and has been (fon tinned in Minnesota.
The project has for its object the construction and maintenance of
reservoirs at the head waters of the Mississippi liiver, in tlie State of
IVlinnesota, for the purpose of collecting the surplus water, principally
from the luecipitation of winter, spring, and early summer, to be syste-
matically released so as to benefit navigation upon the Mississi])])i River
below the dams and as far down as Lake rex)in. Eeduction of heights
of flnnds in localitifls immeiliat^cly ticlow th(* flams pxpepf«l to obtain Ui
8onii.' extent, biU- Lontrol nft'xtpiifloii ftnods or IH'sliotH not expected.
Tliere nrp 4 lornpletwd resBrvoirH. viz:
AtLakeWinil)igoshi!ai,oompIet4?diui883-'84; i!apacity45,8IHI,<MHI,l«Ml
nnbic feet.
At Lm-h Lake, coni])let4>d in 1SS4 : i-apat^ity .tO.OOO.omi.OOO tnibir t(.(.|.
, At Pokegama FallM, wiiiijdeUMi in 1884, lift of dam tncreaswl in ifWU;
O^MCrty 4,700,IKH),OO0 cubit; leet.
At Pine River, eoinplet«d in 1886; capacity 7,500,0(10,000 (;ubic fwt.
Congress, by act approved August 5, 1886, appropriated as IoUuwh:
Far rnntmning oporutiuiix nron tlio rest'rvoirs at the heruX wateraof the MixnJMippi I
River, thirty-Mvtm tUotuauil five hundred dollars : Provided, That, in the opinion iif
the Chief of £ngin««ra, tlit> rxpenilitate of thii ftppiopriatioii and the ultimate tiuiu-
pletioD of this part of the ruBorroir sjatem will adequate]? improve navigation.
The subject was referred to the Board of Engineers meutioDed above.
The Board reported " tiiey (the r4'sprvoirs) now ' adoqiiately improve
navigation ' in the sense that they i-cudered a fair return for their cont,"
The Boanl also reconimended further work and extcuHiou of the syKlcm
at the headquarters of the Mississippi Biver, viz :
(1) Raising the Pokcgamii Dam 2 feet.
[2) Bnilding a dam in the ii>aiidy Lake district-, if more elaborate sur-
veys there (confirm present indications.
{S) Iiegislation to provide rules and regulations to govei-n the opoiu-
titins of the reservoirs.
(4) Gaugings to be made at or near St. Paul during the annual opcru-
ticta of rem<rvoirR.
I The tlrst and third recomraeudations of the Board have been carried
into effect, anil the fimrt li partially ao, Legislatiuii on tliene aubjects was |
contained in the river and harbor act of August II, 1888, as follows :
Tar riintiniiing operations upon the rnHurvoira itt tho head watBra of the HiBfiisnijipi
HivL't, 112,000 to ba expended in accordance with the rtMiommeiidtttiun of the Hoind
of KnginDuTH in their rujiort to the Chief of Engineers, duted May twenty-tbnci.li,
oifbleen hundred and oighty-Bovpu, And it bIiuU be the duty of the Baerotary iil'
Wolt to preBcribu snob rules and reguliitions in respect to the nse and adminiatrutioii
of said reservoirs as in his jadgment the public intereat and necessity may reqniri'.
wlijciJi niteH and Tegulutions shall be punted in some conapicnons place or places fur
lbi> iiilorin.'ilion of the public. And an; person knowingly and williiilly TioluMng |
li' h ii'i- I'i'l vej^ations shall be liable t-o a fine not exceeding $500 or unpriRim-
. iliiiKBiimonlhH, the same to be enforced by proaecntion inanydiBtrii'l
I iiitKiT Statics within wfanae territoTinlJnrisdiotionMioh offiinsemay buvi
1 1 1 il. And the ScrtPtarv of War ahallcanac such gaugings to be niaile ul
I, Unting the aiiiiu:il operation of sold reservoirs, as shall dpteniiint
diaehnrKA at thai point, tbe cost of same to be paid out of the i
■a of the Hjssiasippi Uiver and il
Tiliutnrlm.
iringthe nnintemipted ganging of the nattun |
Kivecund iCBlrtbuturieH. as provided for in joint resoluliun of ,
1 li> r 1 ' II I ir .' ... I ' I.' ii.ir\ , eighteen hundred and seventy-one, upon tlie appUcuttoil
I I. ' ' ~ the Seci'etaryof War is hereby authorized to draw his war-
I . ' ' 11 liine to time upon the Seccetaiy of the Treasury for snch
.i,\ to do Bnch work, not to exceed ix the agxregale for each
^ . <) 11" II .1.1" I .;.|. .jiiinted in this act for such purpose: Provided, Iwteever, That
.111 it«uil'.o<l sLik'UR'nl of Buuh expenses shall accompany the A&nnal Beport of the
Chief urEugiuucTs.
e lift of the Pokeganin Falls Dam was raised 2 feet in 1889. Boles
jnla.tioUH to conti-oT the nsp and adininiatjation of the reservoirf
emulated and approved by the Secretary of War, February 21,
2198 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. AXliy.
1SS<>. GaiijLrin^s'of the ^Fississippi IJivor at St. Paul hare been made, ]
to u limited extent, (luring the pa^^t two liseal years; they form the sub-
ject of a separate rei)ort.
The Hual survey of the proposed Saudy Lake Eeservoir was made in
thi^ Ml of 1888.
Total expeuded upon this work, ineludin<i: exaniiuations at propMed
dam sites, hydrolo<rieal observations, laud damages, amounts set aside
as awards t^ Indians, and eare and maiutenanee of tlie works, to the
elose of the lisi*al year endiug June 30, 1890, $023,986.63.
Amount expended durin«r the tiseal year ending June 30, 1891, inelad-
injr outstanding liabilities, ''?11,520.74.
l-'ield operations during the past year wei'e mostly confined to eaie
and protection of dams and engineer proi)ei-ty and recording hydro-
logical and meteorological data. A sled road was constructed between
Leech and Lake Wlnibigoshish dams, and the Lake Winibigoshish log
sluice was repaired.
In the office, si design for Sandy Lake Dam was preps^red and sab-
mittiHl to the Chief of EnginetM's, May ;">; estinmted cost, ^30,229.14. It
was approved May 18, 181U. During the months of May and Jnne the
business of assembling the nuMi and material for constructing the 8andy
Lake Dam has proceeded, and the party is now on the ground. It was
n<»t considertHl advisable to attempt further oi>erations while the liTer
was occui»ied with so many log-drives.
It had been observed tliat during low stages in the Wiuibigoshidi
and Leech Lake reservoii-s, it was only jwssible to make the dams dis-
charge a very small ([uantity of water. In other words, theii' efficiency
was practically at an end long before the water was drawn off. I foand
tliat at the former the old cofferdam had not all been removed above
x\\v sluices, and that the channel way from the lake was obstmcted with
grass. These removed only slightly remedied the matter, and thedilB-
culty at both dams was found to be practically the same. Owing to
the low sh>pe and tortuous channels of the sti'cams below the dams, it
riMpiires (Mmsiderable head at each, below the dam^ to creiite a velocity
sutlicient to overcome the excessive beil and bank fiiction arising from
the h»cal conditions. This head requires the water immediatdy below
the dams to stand nearly on v» level with that immediately above daring
low stages, and henccbut small (luantities ofwatercould escape. Abont
1 foot of the holding capacity thus becomes Useless in producing naviga-
tion dischar«xes.
At Leech Lake the level above the dam can be considerably inoreoaed
by dredging the river channel considerably above so as to admit some-
tliin<r like the lake level torcachthe dam. It is estimated that the Bum
of r^iijHH) will accom]dish this. At Winibigoshish this condition pcac-
tically exists, so 1 had to look below for relief. Here the Mississippi
winds in t he most tortuous manner southward panillel to Ball Clnb Late
and has some slight rapids on the route: from the foot of Ball Clnb the
.Mississippi waters ba^'k up into that lake, making a diQerence of levd
of 10 teet between the head of the lake and the waters of Little 'Wln-
nibigoshish one half mile distant. Obviously, if we lead thewatw
across this nei'k it will take the waters away jfrom the foot of the dam
very lapidly, and «»nal>le us to drain the reser\'oir very rapidly in ite
low(>r stages. This can be done at a cost of $5,000, and tiieexpenditue
is recommended.
The sum of j?80,0()0, appropriattMl Se])t4Mnber 19, 1890, is oonsidjeKel
sulUcitMit to complete the Sandy Lake Dam and pay all necessary land
damages, and this will conqtlete the n\scrvoir system in Minneaota
Therefore no ftirtliw aimrtiprii
I inn riircoiintmctioii j>iiiiRis«'» will In- iiuu- 1
iiittiiili'i! 1^ tiii[ii-ovoUio low-stage (ipcj-a-
tioaa of tbe two upper rmi-ivoiis :iin] r<.i- imliiKuy rcgmlrs aud malute-
liuniiv. ItmiLsLuot lnMivi>rl()iiK (■(!.] Mi\\r\ IT-, ilml tliP tinif-is noon to I'ormi >
wh«ii l.he dw.ay of t.lii; wodiIsmhI, in :\]l <-i Wh-m' iJn.iiiHt.ructiirest willi-iiH
I'ln- uxri^iixivti repairw, n-iid Mil- ilrjji^nids iii,i\ riiiin! very midilenly,
Tlift projert for Sandy Laki.- l>am U;is noi Imikedtj) a Hti-uctiire wit)ia
titivi^nblepa^ii through it. A ^'i-i';il dial of jiiHtcomplaintlDutbefMi made '.
tliat tlUK will deprive navigation inltTfsta of a valuable Held of opwa-
I.iuns in the waters alK>ve thi^ duin. Thi^ demand can be met at a small I
iiist and I tJieretore recommeinl that the sum of *.10,l)i)0 be providwl for I
tliis piir|i08e. I
Ft is i)ropo8ed during the coming year to complete the Sandy Lake '
Ritiei-voir and to operate and uuiintain the completed system. ,
i 'ondemnatioii proceedings to acquire title to Uuidn bt'tween L'okegaina
Falls and Blackberry Bi-ook that are liablt* to be ovcrtlowed by the oper- |
ttlitin of Ute resei'voirs wei-e TOmmnnc«d last year, but aitorwardii dis-
troRtinnml, aa it wa^* deemed more ncoiiomical t^» obtain title, or the right
to overflow, through private jturchasc It is expected U> iK'(-om]>li8h
ttiit* daring the t^oining year as well as to obtain the right to ovcrllow
the private lands to t)e aScctcd by the Sandy Lake Dam. A list of the
latter lands was scut to the Chief of Engineers February 1!>, last, with-
rei'x>mmendatioi) that condemnation proceedings be eommeuced.
The beneficial efl'octs resulting in previons years iroin the ojienition |
of thv conipluted reservoirs have been maintained.
TlielJoardofEngineers, intheirroportheretoforerefen'ed to, expresa |
tliiH opinion:
S» (at ilowii iH tile mnutb tif thn Grat ntinsidnrnblit trilmlary, tliu St. Croix, it is
IfafTffArF not iiiirRiLaDimliln In fiiimiuse that unvigatiim may bo beiiulltod n~~~' '~ ~
prnportion to IJinotT'-'ut niion t.bL> St. Puulgauge,!. e., l^-nm t font to 18 inchec
watM singes.
My predecessor, in his annual reports for the yesirs 1S87, 1S88, and I
18K0, has8Ut«d:
Fivm •iK'ii ot>MTViitiii[ia tM I1IOU.UB admitUHl of in 1H85 »nit 18811, ai
mpvrts of UiHvHRilwr W, lKtl5, aad NuvmnbKr G, IVSA, bnlb nf wliiub ate iier» respoct- I
Tiilly nil'i^rii'il U>, it B)>j>eatBil tbut wheu tbu river Htuud at 3 feet on tbe U. 6. Si^ial I
-. I . ;. i ;: nil-- rtt St. Paiil, the eflei-i. i>l' .'v.iy lOi iMibic feot pet eonond of -water I
■■ liver and Bleudily nmiiitiNiii-.l iv:i- i-.|iiivnli-ut to uioreaaing thodepth 1
.1 iV.ol. Aa tbe rivprriHi-- 1 h ■ aiiiiii iii^ri of t-ach 100 cubic fort of wntBp 1
....-■«hnt. It aiippiirs. lirnv. m i , ;r.. v..iniiiatioii8 iu IggS and 1886, th»t J
■i„- lilieiiLli.'.! W.I1.-1' li.iii, 111,- (.1111- r.'..iv.iirB wiia tbe»ddiUouof ifoot 1
' : !.< .!< I'tii .11 Si I'jiii), during thu dry [luTiudH uf thoBd years, tbe ad- J
' I' I ' <!' t ii mil of water anffiwe ae welt ua to udditiouul seunr. 1
. . ■■ .1 U. |...il. 1S87.) I
■■ I ■, ..II '..iiiiiu' BxtPiidi'd over aoiue 4aG [390] luiles of river '
. .,...1,, i.li.- i.i|.i.l= l,Liiig388 [353] iiiileB. by river, above St. I'lml. Of
:,iiri 'JIM [IGj] uju uavigaU'd by steoitiero.
Ill I'liiinnel iteptb at Bl, Paul due to releaao of tba Btored-up water
' . inigod for tbe 86 days 1 foot to 1} feet. (See Appendix Z, Antinal
;;Ki
1 of II
athe
Krport, 1889.)
Tin- i-fT.ct ..f Hh- reiiervoirs on the navigable depth of wat«r in the
cbaiiii' I III tlif ■'■li -i-^sippi Hi ver above the Falls of St. Anthony is not
af ciir i I : vii as it conid be. A series of hydrologieal and
uiftt 111 ; n I \ations on the Mississippi and the principal tribu-
I r III. extending over a i>eriod of several .yeai'S, would
i liifoniialiini not only of great practical valoe in theoperation of
rvoirs, but would also be of scientific value in connection witli 1
1
2200 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARKT.
'i
tlio loss of river water by evaporation and filtration, and in the pitv
fpression (and even disi)ersion) of a ti(H>d wave. A commencement in
this direction has been made by the provision for gaugingi^ at or near
St Paul, but the money available for the puri)ose is inadequate for
thorough work, and is only applicable near St. Paul. It is estimatetl
that the sum of $15,(KK) per annum can be profitably expended in hydro-
logical and meteorological investigations during a period of 4 years.
The sum of $75,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1893, as follows:
Navigable pass in Sandy Lak«' Dam $30, 000
Maiiitenanre and ordinary n*]»aiiK 19,000
Excavation at the two ui»i>er dams 11,000
Hydrological and nieteorolo>;i«'al invest igatlous 15,000
TotiU • 75,000
For C(minien*ebeiu*tite(l by tlie reservoirs, reference must be made to
the commercial .statistics (»f the Mississippi liiver.
For valuable assistance in work ui>on, and management of, the reser-
voirs, 1 am greatly indebted to 3Ir. Ai'chibald Johnson^ assistant en-
gineer.
ABSniACT OV Ari'K01»RIATIONS.
l?v art approved Jnno 14. isso $75,000
nV act ai»proved Marth 3. ISSl 160^000
nVact passiMl Aut^nst 2. 18^<l' 900,000
By act approved Jnly 5. ISS-l 67,000
By act approved Ani^nst 5, 18S(» 37, 500
Bv act of August 11, 18S8 12,000
By act approved September 19, I.^IH) * 80^000
Total 714,500
Allotment per lett^ir from (.Uliee Cliict' of Kngineers —
November9, 1881 1,572.15
Janiiarv20, ISS'i 176.00
JanuarvlS, 1888 643.S5
May U! 1888 S.GO
Awards to Indians f<>rdani:i«;;ts in (MiiiHTtion \\'i\\\ tlu* building i»fl^'eeh
Lake and Lake Wiunibigosliisli dams. li'ttcifVnm oilieeUliief of Engi-
neers. August?, 18?Ci ...' 15,906.90
Allotted and ex]>entled by ollieer ki eliarge for nu'teorologioal obRerva-
tiniis. borings, examinations, ete., at ])ri>p()sed dam sites, letter from
t.tlie.' t)f Cliief of Engineers, May 27. ISSl 7,500.00
Ixpt'iHlid by t)llieerin rharge in eoiiiHTtioii witli the building and o]M*ra-
t i II ir <d" four reservoir <lams to .liin»« ;io, 1/<!U. iiiehuling outstanding
Ii:il.ilities 009,615.87
Total a]]ntt«d and I'viMMMb'tl lo .lnn(':>n. IMM. inelnding outstand-
ing liubiliiirs 635,513.37
Kstiniatt'd cost of Ihc svstrni < omit ling tliat of land. etc.. damagen)... 1, K09^063L50
Amounts a]»nn»]niatt'd 714,600.00
llt'inairiing to br a|i])ro|uiaf«Ml 1,094^663.60
Mumif titninuvHt,
.Tuly 1. iSiX). balance unr\)n'mb'd $11,790.34
Amount ai>propriat(Ml l»y ;n.i apppiovcd Si'j»t«'mlM*r 1J>. 1S5K) 60,000.00
91,199.34
June 30» 18;»l. annumt f\p«-ud«Ml during tist-al year 11,772.0
.Inly 1. 1S!»1, balanee um-xiMiidrd - ^' wl\\ii
Jiilv 1. 18i»l, outstan«linir liabiliti«'s - 1,040.48
July 1, 18J»1, balanee a\ailablr.
O^W^CS
APPENDIX BB — ^REPORT OP MAJOR JONEfi. 2201
Amount (estimated) reiiiiired for completion of oxiRtiiig projort $1, 004, 583. 50
Amount that can be 2)roiitably expended in fiscal year eudiii;^ Juno
30,1893 75,000.00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of nvor
and harbor acta of 1806 and 1807.
BB 3.
IMPROVEMENT OF CHIPPEWA RIVER, INCLUDING YELLOW BANKS, WIS-
CONSIN.
Tlie plan for improvement of the Chippewa Elver consista in revet-
ment of caving bends and construction of dams and jetties from Eau
Claire to the confluence of the stream with the Mississippi Iliver, a dis-
tance of 67 miles, to confiiH*. the low-water volume to a channel of nearly
uniform width and depth. The general plan for imi^rovement was
adopted in 1877, and the work 1ms been canied on in accordance with
it, varying, however, more or less, as to location and extent of dams,
jetties, etc.
The object of protection of the Yellow Banks is to prevent erosion of
the high sand bluffs or banks bordering the Cliippc^wa Eiver at a num-
ber of iK)ints below Eau Claire, and to thereby relieve the channels of
that river and of the Mississii)[)i below the junction of the two streams
firom the masses of sand contributed by those banks. The plan for pro-
tection consists in a revetment of piling and fascines, the latter to be
crowned with rock.
The examination of the fiver upon which the. plan and estimate were
based was made in 1874. The report, dated January 30, 1875, of this
examination, is printed in Part I, Appendix to the Annual Eeportof the
Chief of Engineers, pages 375-380. In that report the estimate of cost
of improvement, including protecting the Yellow Banks, was $139,892.50.
The first appropriation for improving the Chippewa Elver was made
in 1870, and the first for protection of the Yellow Banks was made in
1882. These were regarded as se])arate and distinct works until the
act of Congress of August 11, 1S8S, ai)pr()priated for the imx)r()vement
of the Chippewa Eiver, including Yellow Banks in said river, Wiscon-
sin, continuing improvement, $10,000.
Tlie estimated cost, including all expenditures since 1876, for channel
improvement of the river, as revised by my predecessor in 1888 (see
pages 1543, 1544, Annual Eeport ihv LSS8), was placed at $170,487.72.
The cost of protecting the Yellow IJanks, as revised by the same officer
in 1883 (see page 1443, Annual Ke])ort lor 1883), was estimated at
$96,000, making the total cost for channel improvement and the protec-
tion of the Yellow Banks $272,487.72.
There has been appropriated for the Chippewa Eiver improvement
and the Yellow Banks the sum of $106,750, leaving a balance of
$105,737.72 remaining to be approprialxHl in order to complete the ex-
isting projects in accordance with the estimates.
Before the improvement commencc^d the depth on the bars at low
water seldom exceeded 18 inches, and the crossing at the mouth of the
river was extremely difficult at that stage, owing to the volume of the
river joining the Mississippi through a number of channels of insufficient
depth.
Total expended firom commencement of optnathms in 1877 to June
30, 1890, including ontstanding liabilities, $156,ms.2r>.
In the Annual Keport for 1889 (page 1796) my inedc^cessor reported:
Wherever works have been constructed by the Government for the improvenu-nt
of the river the navigation has been benefited, a low-water depth of 3 to 4 feet be-
2202 REPORT OF THK CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
inp maintained whori' bffnro the works were undiTtakt'n t\w. depth seldom <
18 inohi*s. Tilt' \sork lor inii>roveiiu>nt has been principally cuufinetl to the extent «f
rivfr liotwi'cn xlw niuiith and Dnrand, TG^ miles, and to the vicinity of Eau Clun.
The jetties at the month of the river have been of inoalculable benefit to zaft and
Bteamhoat navigation in secnring a stable channel of snlticient depth where befine
ini)irovenit'nt commenced there was a broad bar, intersected by Bhallow, ehiltiiif
channels. p:i8sable with great difiiculty at times of low water by laftd and steamen.
The injurious elfects upon the channel from the operation of private sluicing daois
on tlie river and its tributaries has been noticed in precedinffs reports.
Since the branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Panl Railway has beenbuiU,
in 1882. from \Va1)asha, on the Mississippi River, to Eau Claire, the braueh being
<'lose to and generally parallel w^ith the Chippewa, the freight and passenger traiBc
of The latter has declined. The rafting of manufactured lumber, laths, shingles, and
]>ickets varies in ditterent years, the raits moving down the Chippewa and betweoi
the jetties into the Mississippi. In 1881 the lumber rafted was reported aa SiS^887,000
fett'. «. M.: in 1885.374.138,443 feet; in 1886, 207, L>(r>.b72 feet; in 1887, 186,MaSgl
feet : and in 1888, 161,309.512 feet. The sawlogs. from 300,000,000 to 800,000^000 ftet,
B. M.. which are annually run down the Chipi>ewa. are made up into rafta at Beef
and West Newton sloughs for points on the Mississippi River.
The reduction in the cost of running lumber from Kau Claire to the MIsalHippi
River, due to the improvement of the river by the rnitetl iStates, can be arrived al
by roniparing the contract rat^s paid by the Dunirl Shaw LnuiWr Company, b
1877. the year when the improvement was commenced, they paid TtS^ cents per thoa-
santl fe<*t,' U. M.: in 1886 and 1887 they contracted for 37 cents.
Till' l()(*a1iti('s remaining to be iniproveil have a least depth in the
cliaimel of about 2 leot.
The work during the past fisi'al year lias consisted only in the care of
])lant and investigation of aHeged railroad obstruetions. The money
appropriated in the riv«4' and harbor aet of September 19, 1890, did not
betoine available.until too late to enable work to be done advantage-
ously last fall. Operations will be resumed in July or Augusts
KxpiMuU'd during the liscal vear, including outstanding liabilities,
*1,:^59.41.
The sum of .^00,000 can be profitablv expended during the flscalyear
ending June 30, ISWS.
This work is in the collection district of Milwaukee, Wis. The dntifiiB
on imports collected during the vear ending December 31, IfKM^
amounted to a328.;^(J0.08.
ABSTIIArT OF Al*ri{ori!IAT10XS.
nv art a]i|»rovtMl —
Auj^ust IL ls7i>. flOtOOO
.Tunc S. 1S7S 10.000
MardiX ls7V» 1^000
June 14. iNSi) 10.000
Marrli o, 1>M.. 10; 000
Hy art ]»a>sid AumiNi 'J. 1>M* tiS,000
r»y a« t apintixril .Inl\ ."., l^^i 15,000
h\ ait apjiioviil An;:n'»t ."i. ISNI 1S.W
Uy ai t f.f Aiimi^t 11. ls>>: 10.000
Hy art npjnoMil Sr}. t.'inlMi- 1;». 1MN» lOj^OlO
Total 166^180
Mnnrii statemvni,
,Tiily 1. ISim. lialain r uih-xihimIimI 0901.30
Annmnt ai>i.roi.riattil h\ art apumwd Sfptomlu'r li», liftH) lO^OOOlOO
10^901.85
Juno .S<\ 1S1»1, amount expon<l«Ml duiinu fiM-al year 1,46BL40
July 1. ISin. ]»alan«-e unt'X|nnilril 8^4S6i.07
.Inly 1. IMM. t>ui>ranilin^ liabilities 'flOLOl
•July 1, ISIU balanee availalih- 8^341.31
-REPOHT OP MAJOR J0NE8. 2203
{Ainnnnt(rrtimnlJiil) ri'rinlrpil fm .'„iii].l<ilion i.fi-!iist.in;i| prtgcct 11(15,737.72
Atiinnittttiatcaubi-i>rotiiHlil.vi.-\)it-tj.lt'rlLii1m<-,iUuiii'.-n>Iiiiu.liiii<i:ill, mi» fH),tm.i)0
KtibuiittccI in cotnptiiinuf ivith reqiiiri'iucuU of scctluna 2 <>r rivur and
lmt\ivt luita uf UfitJ unil IritiT.
MMMKKL'IAI. VIATISTtCS.
LmuWr fcot, B, M.. JfiO.OOO 000
Lntba M<1 pli^orii uuiubor.. 30.000,000
SUl^lIu <1<> -. 40,000,00l»
Thp niuuWr uf >>ti^:im1«iiirH ]ihiiJt.'<)ii tlii' (']ii|>|>t>w)t Biver in 1877, ur the mnoniit
■ • ■ vur. tliftt llie
i> the
. -iiiiiii 1 1 [ih' J II .;iil:irly on tbe Tivpr ilnriDK the aeasan of 1H90, This
' ' liiirrlen and 2 fout druft), lau from tbe mouth to
■ ' II tb(> moutli and Kaa Ctairo, to ussiat thn Kiiupp,
I ..< I • III. .M,iMi tliH river, tier passeiigerH and freight weto wtu-
I u. l.lu 1 ii;ti|i.tu.'. .' r;il'tiug biuineBS.
Compuntlirt tlaltmoit ^ Ji^ht «md paiuatgen far $ ji*ari.
Ytar.
Slanni.
oiirHnl. (jaii.
i„.
buat*'.'
SSS'
]
i\«»d#.
no, 000
1,B«I.0(»
alBsaiooo
•".""1 l:ffi
tlL
1 li
lo/Uiwh.r. hilhn, nhiHijlee, picket', aud Jot/i fnr 9 years,
i-«r. L.ii.,U.r.
1-1 li,--
V „,-
RkuuDluoa
u:tkt;«oo
M, 1,1-1. ■-.
\ '.-r,
lis
ri.i,..-
1, 81U, LT»
i,eai,iio«
IcK"-
mi.-io
3-.B,g7i
IW SIl.11^1.
lug-.
fWt I), if.
SiKS
4511. too. 000
xu, 000, 000
aoaloDoloDO
tiKi . j-i ."iii-Lfia
MK -'■" .'"">
IWI 1- ^■7,0«»
IMI'IiOVK-MKNT OK ST. »T;<)IX IIIVKK, WISCONSIN AND MIXNKSOTA.
The oriKiDal iHojcrt for the iiiiiiiuvciiieiit of this river, iidopted in 1878,
was based upon the results of ii survey iiui'le in 1874. when the St. Croix
vrax at a high stage of wiitiT and but comnaratively fuw bars, etc., U*
be seeu, vuntemplated the reuIo^'al of snags, bowlders, wrecks, leaning
1
2204 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINBEKS, U. 8. ARMT.
•
troos, and s;nid bars between Taylor Falls and Pivscott, and oontni&
tion of low-water channel between Taylor Falls and Stillwater into one
of nearly uniform width by means of brush and stone jetties and dams
of the same material, to dose island chutes and secondary channel
Estimated cost, $lM,758.
The present inojeit. adopted in 1880, and modified in 18S2. and again
in ISSO (see i)age 1801, Annual Report, 1889), by my predecessor, i«
based \\\xm the results of a low-water survey made in 1879. The esti-
mated cost has been x>laced at $108,700.
In the Annual Keport for 1889 he repoi*ted:
The first ap])ropriation for the improvement of the St. Croix was $10,000^ made br
aot of C'oii;j:n'ss apjuovotl .Tune 18. 1878.
At that date the channel, above Stillwater especially, was encnmbeied bysanken
cribs, wTeclvs. sna^s, and ohl lH)om piers, and the bends by leaning trees. The low-
wat«r channel had in many places but 2 feet of depth, and steamers and barges ma V
their way as best they couhi amongst the obstructions. At times it was impossililr
for thcm'to get over the 8hoal places. Under this appropriation some of the wunt
obstrurtimis were removed between Taylor Falls ana Stillwater.
Another ap])ro]iriatiou of ;{!8,0tX\ by act approveil March 3^ 1879, was expended in
the same manner, and in addition the stream was thoroughly surveyed ttSm Taylor
Falls to Preseott, tic results of which were reported January 26, 1880. (See pagnt
irH>l-l(k;7, Appendix V. Annual Report of the Chief of Euf^iueers, 1880.) Upon the
results and ma]i of this survey in based the present plan oi improTement.
The work ]»erf<)rmed in 1878-79 lessened the difficulties tonaTigatioii wifhin the
limits worked over.
Under the appropriation of $10,000. by act approved June 1^ 1880, work began
under the present ]>n\iect, wliich consists in the construction of aamsand Jetties to
confine the low- water volume to a practicable channel, and in remoTsi of snags.
bowlders, cribs, and other obstructions from the channels between Taylor Falls ami
Preseott. .
* ■* # • • • ■ •
•
The result of tlu» work to d;ite is a least depth upon the Itars above StillwatiT,
where impr»»vfnn'iits have btM-n made, of \\ feet at low water, and Mow Stillwater
of 4 to 5 feet. (MMieially. it may be said of the work that at many }K>ints naviga-
tion has been rendered permanent* where formerly it was uncertain, and that in other
places it has been made practicable where l>efore improvement it was impooaible.
In the iiniin]>rovoil parts of tbo river above Stillwater there is a low-
\rator dt^ptli in tlio channol of if iWt: ])elow Stillwater there is a giHHl
oliaiinol witli a least depth of 4 foot.
Kxpendod muler ]ueseiit lanjert to June 3i\ 1890, including oat^taiiil-
in»r liabilities, .'?«71,4.V).*M.
Total expt'inled innler Mri«riiial aiul present projects to June 30, 1890«
ineludiu^ outstaiMliii;:' liabilities. !?i»L*,4rM.lU.
OjKTat ions din in*: pa^t tisral yi'ar wei*e eonfiiiiHl to dredf^ing on the
sha1b>w l»ars. Field work <'oinnieneed Oetoher li(> and continued until
N<»^ rmlKT \K 1'he advent of winter ]nvvented further operations. Ihir-
in.iT this pni<»d an ar«'a of lL*."i,:{t>(> stpiare feet on the bar above the
1 1 u<lson llridm* was dred»red and 1 l,r»4)7 eubie yarfs of material removed.
The cost was 1*0 (MMits ]ier rnbie yard.
Work was icsnnied May .'^0, 1S«M, and eontinued during the month of
Jnn«', dnrin;: >Nhi<li time dred«rin»r was done on the bars above Hudson
r>ri<l«re, below the brid^^', and at the lower end of the boom at the head
of Lake St. ('n»ix.
Tlu» wlmle (pnintity of niatiuial removed during the fiscal year was
2.'i,*n0 enbif yards. The eost was 20 cents i>er yaid.
The total ex]MMiditnre for the year was 80,2(>L\ leaving a balance of
.^KTSlMh; whieh will be expended during the month of July, 1891 ^ in
dred^^in«r upon the bars at tlu» head of Lake St. Croix, and at Hudson,
and in removin<Lr sunken sawlo^s from the lake and river.
The condition of tliis river is now snbstantially as follows: From the
head of Lake St. Croix to the Mississippi Hiver there is a good chaanel
^^^^^ APPENDIX BK — KEPOET OF MAJOK JONES. 2205
of 4 feet ftt extreme low water. From the head of Lake St. Crobc to
the heud of navigation at Taylor VaQn there is a miiiiinmn navigable
ile[>th of ulwiit 2 feet at extreme low-water stage. The principal com-
merce of this river is in logs and log products. The volume is surpris-
ing. The qiiiwitity of lugs brought to market at Stillwater during the
Mssutm of imt was 4fl0.0O0,l»0 feet or 1,610,000 tons. Tliey are a prod-
uct of tlw soil convoyed to market by cheap water transportation.
The cOBt of ti-ansportjition is about 10 cents pei- ton per 100 miles, or ,^
ocnts [ler ton per mile. Obvioasly, without watei- transportation, the
crop could not go to market, and the great lumber business of Minne-
BOta and Wisconsin would not be in existence to-day. The output of
logs during the same year on the Chippewa Eiver was 606,992,790 feet
itDd ufHin the Upper Mississippi 3^5,609,280 feet, making an aggregate
l<»unage on the three rivers of about 4,874,317 tons valued at 414,000,000
from one product of the soil alone.
It is therefore quite evident that the American sawlog, navigating
iUwlfupon our water transjiortation linos, is an object worthy of con-
itidRratJon, and that some of our efforts at river improvement Should bo
devotwl to helping it along. Not, however, to the extent of allowing it
ki paralyze boat navigation. Measures should be taken to require a
»unlcipnt number of men to accompany the drives to prevent the logs
from forming jams, which totally obstruct navigation.
It is proposed during the coming year to improve the reach of river
between the head of navigation and deep water in Lake St. Ci-oix. The
nam tJiat can be profitably expended thereon is tSfi.^OO.
Total expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, inctud-
ing outstanding li.tbilitie8, $6,2412.
Thia irork ia in thi^ LtiUcctiun dULriot <if UiniKwotn, of whirh Rt. Tuiil in tin.' luii-t
a<«itrv*i)d&t. Vimienl ii Kii1.|nirl. ( '<in<.'<.'tu>ii'> for yuar eiKliii^ Decuuilier 31, 181H),
taOajmM. Vitluo uf IloulM<liI^ I'l^pucU fur namu {lutiixl, $1,73.1,907.
*fl0,000
"8,000
10,000
8,000
Ay act appnivcil—
Jnlv5. 1H84
a 000
7 500
10,000
«;ooo
By act appro vfii S.'ptniiluT I'X WOf
100,500
»fi5,69
8,000.00
8,065.69
3,268.70
4, 7%. 99
MiDifi/ xlfilcinritl.
Jiiiic 30, 1891, amount eipomli-iliinriiiK 'i-i-il .viir
.Inly 1,1891, onMtainlinKihiliiliii.'s
,1,014,93
1.782.06
ct
iic30. ]N!):i
liver uud
(AmoDnt (Mtimated) requirfld for i-oniiiletiim nf oxi«titiu jir-iji
jAmouni that can lie profitahlvexpcmlfil ill fiMcnlvparrtnliiiEJii;
1 Sabmitt«d in compliance with rciiuircmenta ul' aoctioiis -J of
I harbor acta of 1866 and 18^7.
26,200.00
26,200.00
'Appropriated before adoiitiuu of present project.
2206 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
1
COMMKKCIAL STATISTICS.
Comparatirc etalanmt of sfenmhont'* ami barptu, freiffhf and paa^cngen ettrritd, Imwulhet
and /m/N lowed and ra/Ud oh th*' St, Croix Hirer , IViiteontiiH and MinnefotOf for a pitied
of 7.? votrs,
ST E \ M \^^ » A TS AN 1> 11 A KGKS.
Year.
p r Imsims*. i in toAviii:;
1>7> *
ISM..
Yoar.
187>«
ISS.'i
1KS«
aii«l rattiii;;
StlMllilH
MtS. ]
iJargt's.
bll»ilU>:t8.
3 '...
3 ...
8
12
3 ...
sy
•>
3
3 .!
3 '
24
2.">
40
77
51
Year.
In iVoichf And pMseti-
StfibMH
in towinf
andratOng
baaiBCH.
Steamboata.
BargM.
1A55
4
0
3
1
1
33
38
40
3
3
3
ji
l-sSrt
If
ISS7
5S
1?^S
H
18^9
I«l0t
S3
* .\nioiiiit of ooinnirn'o am) navigation T^hon work of improvement beCHL
LVniniuit ofionuiuTrr ami navic;.ition at prwirnt time.
* 117 ami l.v> Ions bunli-n ami IS ami 'Mi iiiohi'* draft, mapeoiiTely.
^Fn^n :v> to '^W tons biiiibn and 2^ to 3| f«H.*t draft.
FREir.nX AXD PASSEXGERS.
Frrijibt rarriod.
Oonoraj imnhan- L^n^i^or. j W.^hI. Total to 1«17. inclusive. ! TOtiO.
Tout.
T"U*.
T".'*.
I
Ibiw.
2"J*
7. 1:J!»
Foundt.
32, Oi)0. (W
47. 7t«. 00.^
Unlinnwu.
3."».00«'.t1Hi
fi(l. IHKt. Olio
(tl. itihMHNi
So, iKM. iHW
s:.. IKH». tHM*
ISO.iHO.iHIO
:»7. oiv. :»2i» '
4.:ru 9.5M t
rliN» 10.000
.V 71H-. 13. 144
,...j
•Amount «'f «-i'niii!in i- ami ]i.)vi::iiiion v*hrn wurk of improvement Wgan.
KAl TKU l.OtJS AM* T.lMr.EK.
15.000
•.an
11,01S
10. 300
4.0i«
10. «i:
12.7:*
Kl
Tliift* d b'lrs towtil out nt" K;ifitil Inmln r towi d •«nt I't' St. Cndx Kiver.
Yiar. St. rri>i\ llivir (I's-
ISTii
•»<7
— »H
l*i"» :
limatcdK
Fcft B. v.
1 .1 1, ■
l«H i
I-'
1 ;.■
1 -
IT"-
!"■ '
17.''
1 '*■
1 '»■ I I
2.'"'. IH"'
II H'.
I >i •■ I
I
I N II I
I'll. I
|l. •!
mill
■ •■Hi
II -il
i<|i I
I II III
7-III
11 -I I
mill
(.'!•« I
mill
l.unilH r. ShinuN.''. Lathti. Pirki-ta.
\\W IHHI IKNI
11 !. lil" ;►<■■•■.
ll'i. )'■ '. •■<'0
F"* H. U. .Viiji.'.r. .VnnjVr. \umhfr.
•|o. i»7'.*. .'••'!'
liS. K:::;. mhi
4«». i>'7. **\*>*
•J 1. I"i."il. soil
2;".. 2i'<i. :'7r»
Tofal t4Hinajpi«.
row*.
■ •«•«• I «
7.70. !B2«>
ft\iWO
278.^80
7QS.367
eV7.3«4
1,104.100
I.oiwf loirs «lri\<Ti on Si. ( iiii\ K*i\«>r 1i» licail of 1:iki' dining Ronsoii of 1890 WM
40U.lH.iL»,l.K>«.» lift B. M.» ur l,<;iu.(>iK» toi»>.
APPKMOIX B B — KKPOBT Of MAJOR JONES.
THPBOVEMENT OF MINNESOTA RIVEK, MINNESOTA.
An vxamiDittion of tliis stream was made by Mi^j. (i. K, Warren,
CoriK* "f Kiiginecrs, in 186fi, imder Aiitliorizaticia of section 4 of the act
of Cougrens approved Jiuie 23, IStMi, Mjyor Warren's firfit or prelimi-
raury report of this Kurvuy was rendered January 21, 1867, and printed
as a part of Senate Bx. Boc. ^o. 58, Thirty-ninth OongrosB, se(^oQd
seSHiun.
The eBthuates of cost of improvement, based upon resulte of tliis exam-
iQatJOD and survey, are given in the Report of the Chief of Engineers
for the year ending June 'M), 1807. Two plane are coiisideredj viz, one
to improve the navigation of the river from the Yellow Metlicme to the
month of the Minne^sota by means of locks and dams, so as to secure 4
foot of water, at a cwst of $775,ri(Hl, and another to secure 2 to 3 feet of
water by removal of snags and bowlders throughout this stretth of river,
in addition to the constmction of a lock and dam at Little Falls and
tho operation of a scraper and dredge boat at a cost of $117,000.
The river and harbor act of Congress approved March 2, 18G7, appro-
priated ♦37,600 for removing snags and bowlders throughout the Min-
nesota River, thas sanctioning the second plan.
The river and harbor acts of Congress approved June 11, 1870, and
Man-h 3, 1871, each appropriate J10,00(l for continuing the improve-
■neiit.
The necood section of the river and harbor a*!t of Congress approveil
Jono 10, 1872, provided for the survey of the Minnesota River above
tbe month of Yellow Medicine, which survey was made during the same
ye»r, Ihi' report |»ertaiiiirig to which is printed in the llejiort of the
Chii-r ..( iMiKiiii-rr* for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1S73. The
removal of obstructions, principally bowlders, was recommended.
The same act (approved June 10, 1872,) appropriated $10,000 for the
improvement of the stream, wlii<^ti sum was expended in the removal
of bowlders, overhanging trees, etc.
By act approved Man-h .1, lS7;i, tlicrc was !i])j»roi»riatcd —
iiic^HntnItiver, Min
Tliis apjiropriation w;is iij>|>licd to tlie removal of rocky ledges, bowl-
ders, snags, and oveilianging trci's. TJie total of appropriations to
Man'h 3, 1873, inclusive', was ^71,'iW.
By act of Congress approved June 23, 1874, an appropriation of
$10,<HH> was made "for the surveyor improvement of the Minnesota
River," A survey wa« made from the mouth of the river to South
Bend, a distance of llfi.4 miles, to detctininc the practicability of
improving the navigation by means of canals, locks, and dams. The
results of this survey pioved the jwssibility of lo<;k sinrl dam navigation
for the distance passed over, the estimated cost nf improvement, as
.xtated in the report at the survey printed in the Annual Report of the
Chief of Engineers ibr the fiscal yoir endingJiinc30, 187.^, being for five
locks and dams and removal of siiagn, etc., $733,84>8.03, the cost of
removing snags, etc, being therein placed at $34,585.10, including con-
tingencies. Following this report Congress made three appropriations
of $10,0(tO each, by acts :ip].iov.-d Miir.h 3. 1875, August 14, 187C, and
June 18, 1878, which sums were applied to clearing the river of obstmcv
tioofi beiow South Bend.
2208 REPORT OF Tin: CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABUT.
The appropriations up to and including that of June 18, 1878| were
si])plied in removing snags, bowlders, etc., on the upper )>art of ffae river
botwetMi ^Minnesota Falls and a i)oint 30 miles below Henderson fl&T
miles above Shakoi>ee). The rapidly eaving banks on this stiretcii of
tlie river add snags and leaning trees to the channel yenrly^ so that
eliannels which were cleared 12 years ago are incumbered with them
to-day.
No money has been spent on the lower part of the river, which pre-
sents a markt^d contrast to the upper section.
Below Shako|)ee the river is, in the main, very deep, almost free from
snags and caving banks, and would otter exceptional advantages to 1^
navigation thereof were con mmnication between it and the Aussissippi
River rendered possible by the inii>rovemeut of the bar at the month of
the rivei*. and an increased depth provided over Ci'cdit Kiver Bar (or
Tt^terson's i^ar, as it is sonietiines called), just below Shakopee.
It is claimed by those interested in the Minnesota Valley that, were
the imi)r<)venients extended by the constniction of locks and damt^
stt'amboats and barges would navipite the river and carry much of the
iVeight that now dei>ends upon rail for transportation.
The river and harbor act of Congress approved August 5, 1886, au-
thorized a survey of the ^liniiesota River with a view to its improve-
ment by locks and dams. The survey, extending from the month of tiie
river to Mankato, was made by my predecessor during the season of
1SS7, and a report thereon, with ma]Ks, I'endered January 16, 1888.
Tliis rt^port Avas printed in House Ex. Wh\ Iso. ir»8. Fiftieth Congress,
lirst session.
Hv the river and harbor act of August 11, 1S8S, Gongi*ess appropriated
for—
Improving; Minnesota Kiwr. Minn«'st)i:i. in<-1iiilinj; protecting and holding thr
hunks op^iosite tlio l»uroii;rli *»t' ]\o\W V]n'uu\ so as to prevent the river fh>in catting
throui;]! the narrow ueek of hind at that ]»oint and thereby ehanging its channel and
eour»<e. $10.(>H>.
This is the lirst appropriation made sinee 1878 for the improvement of
the Minnesota Kiver.
Coneerning the ex])enditm'e of this a])propriation my predecessor re-
ported (see page 1804, Annual Kepcn't, 188l>):
An examination of the river at Hflh' rhiine. nnd also from Cnrver to the month of
the iitreiini. was made in Si-ptemltiT. I^xS. wiih a view to ohtaininK data npon whirh
to hase a ]iroiert tor the advanla^^rouH expenditure of the »nm upprtipriated by tlii*
aot of Antrus't 11. 1888.
The examination showed that tlirn* had ni»t heen any marked eronion of thebeotl
.-It Helle riaine for several year> ]»ast : hnt tliat to tlu»rougli1y protect it apiinat anrh
iTosiitn as mi^lit orenr from thiods or from rhan,i;i>s in theelninnelH of the river abovo
the bend Would undou1>teflly eost more than thr entire sum appn>priat«d for the
river. It :iNo sliowrd that tliere had not heen any steamboat navigation of the rivtT
at that point \^iiu oeeasional triii hy a steamhoat at high water vxct^pted) foranam-
her of years.
The eost of :in adeijuate open-ehannel ini])rovement of the river fh>m ita montfl tn
(':irver, sueli an improvement as mi^ht last for a uuiuber of yoara, waft found to be
not hss than $.">!*.< nM>.
The a])propriation hi'in<; in:idri|u.-ite for tliorongh work at either BcUo Flaine or
thr extent of livir fr«»m its mouth to Carver, and still less adeqiiut^^ for the perform-
;niee<d'work ifdividi'tl hftwiM-n thi-m, it w:is recommended that the anbmitting a
projei't for ex]>fniliture ivf tin* a]»propri:ition hi* dehiyed nntil the further wiahea of
C'oni^vess mii^lit he known, or until souw deli nit e information an to prodpectiTe navi-
gation miirht be obtained upon \\ hi eh lo hase a project for the beat utilisation of the
appvopriaiion.
Siiirc the snlMnission of ih<' rorr^oinir re]»int it lias been represented
by reliabU' parlies that a hir^^e ainoiuit of briek, bay, lime, and wood
would be earned by steamboats and barges from poiuts near Shakopee
^^ APPENDIX BB— BEPOBT OP Mi.IOK JOHeS-. 2209
to St. Paul were navigatioD miulo wertaln tbruutrhout thts HeaHim, and
that tlcre is au excelleut opiioitimity for a jjciu-ifil i>iii'k«it, l)iiHiue88 bo-
twwii the MisNwsippi HivM itiirt jioiutti on tUe Lower Minncsotii llivor,
wbiili wunld result in a uiaUirial rednctiou of fi-oight mtes butweeu
thcso poiuU.
It IB reconunontled that tlie wuiu of $10,000, appropriated in the a^A
of Aueust II, 18S8, be reappnipriated, omitting thtt rtxiuiri'jneut fnr
OTMnmons at Ilelle Plaine. This will etiiible nie to upeu tli« river fViim
tM JCaBJBsippi to Shakopee, a distance of 25.9 milvs. That is to say,
with tJie Bom of $10,000 already appropriateil, a watur transportation
Hue a5.£» miles in length can be opened at a cost of $3^ jier mile. It ia
otUinated that a bndness of 25,000 tons ])cr aiiiiuin in now rcudy to
ttviiil itself of the line.
Ill this connection I report fi-om my prodecesttor, Major Allen {ma
AiiniiiU Kejiort, Chief of Kngineern, 18S8, page 1574):
Total expended under the pi-oject following the ourvey of 1874 to
June 30, IN!H), iDcluding outstanding liabilities, $;t4),042.
T.ir.i! i'\|i(;[id»l under all projects, iuulndiug the survey, to June 30,
1V..I. i„.lrisive,*ll7,532.
1 III T I' :iic no operations to report for the pai^t year.
,\iiioiiiii expended during the flseal year ending JnneJJO, 181)1, $0,711.
Sliculd Congre!«H order an open-c^hannel iuipinvemunt helnw Cai'^'er
Um Mum of $25,000. in addition to that appropriatniMl in 1S88, eoold bo
BXpuiduil during tlie fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.
This nurk iH Ui the oollortion diatriot of MirmttHOta, of wliioii St. P>al ie the ptut
uf iTtiriv nnit St. Vluieul u Riibpurt. Collentioos for yew ondinK Doc6iubor31, ISiW,
Wa6.«7B.6(ii v«lue oldomeiitio exports fgr sume periwd, »!, 733,907.
Bv act »m>rove<l—
Murch 3, ]8ti7 *.t7, 500
Jnly 11, 1870 lO.mto
March 3, 1871.- 1(1. IXO
June 10, 187a 10, (KX)
March 3, 1873 II), 000
Jane 23, 1874 -10,000
»Urch3, 1875 10,000
Anfnmt 14, 1870 H),000
Jane 18, 1878 10,000
B> act of August 11, 18f<n 10,000
Total 127,500
M-'ii''!/ Hl-iUmvitt.
Jnly 1, 1890, balance nnexpcmliil $9,967.00
Jniy 1, 1891, balance unei pen rtcil .* 9,967.00
Jaly 1, 1891, outBtanding lial.ililicH 9.79
Jnly 1, 1891, balance availiiljlv 9, 957. ai
lAmonnt (estimated) reanired for completion of oxintinR project 693,868.63
|AmonntUiatcanbeprofitablye3tppnar!dinBBCiiIyear.-mlinr'-— '^ '"" "= "^ ""
i Sntnnitted in compliance with reqiiiremunU of sections
' Uaed iu making survey of ri
jjHQ 91 139
2210 KEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
COMMKKCIAL STATISTICS.
lov
Xo.
imbiuits plyinconl Freight carried.
Year.
Tonnage. l>rart. ^^•''™«- "V. W«h.. Brick, ^j^
Xnld.
iKjW *....
1
Tnnt. Tnche*. Ton*. Ton*.'. Tons.
1 >
1
2\»fu. i Tom»,
Am.
lb 350
lSi!9
2
3
(i:»:t 1S( til
4.000
isno
^ ISO AM
riiT i.-i) j
n?0 20)
840
1.080
«**
a,oai
BB 6.
IMrROVKMKNT OF RED RIVER OF THE NORTH, MINNESOTA AND NORTH
DAKOTA.
The present, wliioli is also the orijriital projeet for the improvement
of this river from Brei'keiirid^e to the northern boundary liue^ adopted
in 1877 and amended as to estimate of cost in 1883, consists in the re-
moval of snaj^s. loanintr trees, and bowhlers, and in dredging channels
through the bars.
The estimated cost of this improvement, omitting the itemof improTe-
nieiit ol* (.loose l^i])ids, as based uj^on the rei>orts of 1874, 1875, and
1877 (see i»agc»s 7;>0-732, Koport of (.Miief of Engineers, 1878J, was
'*14.VVUMs, \vhich estimate asi*evised, andforthe reasons stated in Ap-
pendix X 8 nl" the Annual Heport of 18S;^, was increased to $179,310J8.
The river antl harbor act of Congress, appn>ved August 6, 1886, mak-
ing the money theretofore appro]>riated for locks and dams at 6oo«e
Kapids available for tlredging, removal of snags and bowlders, and con-
struction of wing dams, necessarily included in that mode of improving
Go<ise Kapids, wliich were originally intended to be improved by meuis
of hK?ks. For this reason, as ^\■v\l as for others given in the annual
reix>rt for 1887, a new estimate of cost of completing the work became
necessary. The cost was placed at ri* 79,598.37. (See Appendix A A to
the Annual lieport of the Chief of Engineers for 18^7, pages 1714^
1715.)
Previous to 1870, when the first bar was dredged throngh, the mling
di']>th at ordinary low water between M<H>rhead and Goose Bapidshas
been stati'd to have been but 1^ feet, and below Grand Forks but 2 feet
A 3-foot rhaunel at or<linary low water, averaging 00 feet in width,
from Moorhead to a point 80 miles north, and a 4-foot channel at same
stage averaging 70 U^ot in width, li'om Grand Forks to a point 62 miles
north, by livt-r. have bet»n made by dredging through the bars.
The river is subjert to land slides. These slides can never be antid-
l>ated, form obstnutioiki when they occur, and have to be removed in
whole ov in part, thereby increasing the amount of cost of the improve-
ment.
Tlie removal of snags and trees between Mix>rhead and Aberorombie
improved that portion of thr stream for navigation during high and
medium stages of water.
Expended upon the improvement from commencement of work i
1877 to June 30, lSt»0. including <aitstanding liabilities, $187,042.79.
APPENDIX BB REPORT OF MAJOR JONES.
2211
OPEBATIONS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1891.
The low water of the spring and early sununer of 1890 having con-
tinued for the remainder of tlie season, operations during the summer
and fall were confined to completing the repairs to the dredging fleets
that were begun earMer in the st^ason. In addition to the repairs to the
boats, a large derrick was placed on the bow of the st<»amer Ogama^ for
use in removing snags and bowlders. The repairs -Jind the derrick cost
$2,474.79.
The season of 1891 has opened with a favorable stage of water for
dredging operations. The fleet being in prime condition for work, ad-
vantage was taken of the situation to conrnienccs work early. Dredge
No. 2 was taken from the winter quarters at Grand Forks and com-
menced work at a point 13 miles north on May 5. Dredge No. 1 was
towed to Pelican Bars, 92 miles north of Grand Forks, and commenced
wf)rk May 13. Both dredges have since been kept at work excjavat-
ing channels 60 feet in width and 4 feet deep at low water.
Table of dredging work jtcrfonned during fiscal year, ending June SO, 1801,
Excava-
tion.
I Cv. ydM.
BredgeNo. 1 I'JJMM)
BredgoNo. 2 j 21.K75
Total ! 44,5.15
Length of
channel
luude.
Lin. ft.
:t.l75
5,135 !
New
cuttings.
No.
2
10
Old cnt-
tingH ex-
tended,
etc.
No.
Wing und
training
dams.
Lin. ft.
U, 075
5,85<)
Kiver
worked
over.
Mile*.
8,310
12
# 9,525
31i
The total work done upon this stream since the first appropriation
for its improvement was made in 1876, and extending from Fort Aber-
crombie to a point 93 miles north of Grand Forks, a total river distance
of 321 miles, is as follows :
Cabio yards of material dredgt^d 583, 178
Snags removed 618
Overhanging trees removed 8, 705
Cabic yards of bowlders removed' 382
Stamps removed 198
Piles removed 23
Drift-piles (collections of drift wooil, t rcrs, t'tc ) 8
Barge removed 1
Total linear feet of channel oxravalrd 105, 297
Total linear feet of wing and t i;i iuing dams consl nictod 146, 140
On the portions of the river worked over by the dn»d^es Wm average
depth of the channel has been increased from 1 J to 2 feet.
]Mt. Bufus Davenport, assistant engineer upon this improvement
for the past nine seasons, has exhibited faithfulness and zeal in carry-
ing out the work intrusted to him.
All the work for the improvement of this stream has been performed
by hired labor.
Expended upon this improvement during the fiscal year ending June
30, 1891, including outstanding liabilities, $11,889.79.
The sum of $34,598.37 can be profitably expended during the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1893, in dredging operations and in removal of
obstructions generally between Breckenridge and the northern boun-
dary line.
This work i« In the collection district of Minnesota, of which St. Paul is the ])oit
of entry and St. Vincent a sub-port. Collections for year ending Doccmbor 31, 1890,
$305,^78.60. Value of domtiBtic cxi»oa:t8 for same period, $1,733,907.
2212 BEPORT OF TUB CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
ABSTRACT OP Ari>Kl>PKIATIONS.
By act approved —
August 14. 1876 $10,000.00
June 18, 187S 90,000.00
Manh3, 1871> ^ 25,00a00
JuneU. 188() x 2O,O0a00
March 3. 1881 IS^OOaOO
Bv JU't passrd —
Augusts, 1882 10,000100
Bv art api^roveil —
July 5, li<Si 10,000.00
Augusts. 1886 40,047.65
By art of Augnnt 11. ISSS 2^000.0rl
By :u't a]»proved Si'i>triiilHr 1!>, \s\M) 25,000.00
Total 214,047.65
Money tstafemcnf,
July 1, 1800. balance unoxju'iidod $4,770.48
^Viiiouut appropriated by act approved September 19, 181H) ^000.00
29,770.48
Juno 30, 1891, anuMint e\])eiided during iint-al year 10,611.65
July 1, 1891, balance unexptiided 10.158.83
July 1, 1891, ouistauding liabiliiiis 3,143.76
July 1, 1891. balanee available 16,015.07
I Amount i estimated) required for completion of existinff prefect SM,598.S7
! Amount t hat ean be ]>rotitably e\]>ende<l in liscal year enainc Jiuie30, 1803 34, 596. 37
^ :>ubmittrd in com]tliance with requii'ements of sections 2 of river aud
1 harbor acts of 1800 and 1867.
REPOKT OF mi:. K. 1)A\ r.M't>KT, AS.'ilSTANT KNGIN1':ER.
(iKANi) Fdkks. X. Dak., June SO, 1891,
Major: The foUowing report of operations in the improvement of the Red River of
the North during the hscal year eniling June 30» 1891. is respectfully sabmitted.
lowing to the fait that tlie water remained too low to operate the dredges to a«lyaa-
tage, the work during the last half of the season of 1890 was conliued entirely to the
eontinuatiim of the repairs on the dreilging tleet.
The work on the hull of Dredge No. 1, (uzvr Fritz, was completed, and after the
laiMiehing the superstructure was thoroughly re])aired and painted, a new boom
built, and the ma<^hinery. as far as possible, prepared for the next scisoa's work.
Steamboat No. 1. Cunaal l\n\ was removed from the water aud the hullropairMl,
calked, and paiutetl. A new canvas roof, sanded and painted, was pat on, and the
supersirui'ture painted throughout.
(^hiarter boat No. 2 was hauled out. the hull repaired and calked, and Baperstraotare
painte<l.
CjMiarter boat No. 1 was repairetl aud ]>ainted.
The work on Steamboat No. 2. (hjama^ was eontinued to completion. Anew canras
ronf. sau<led aud ]>ainted. wa.*« put on. and a large derrick to be operated by the steam
(■a])stan for the removal of snags ami bowlders i'n>m the channel was oonstrncted
and placed in ])ositii>u on the forecastle. Some minor repairs were also made on the
liull and machinerv.
Some additioilal work was also done on the machinery of Dredge No. 2, Otier T\ni^
BO a •> to have it as tar advam-ed as possible for the resumption of dredging.
Such giiieral reiKiirs as wi'Vc nec«'.ssary on tin* remainder of the boats— derrick
boat. b:i]ges. slide sci>ws. skills, etc. — 11 in all. wcn- made :iud they were all painted.
The dredges aud steamboats were lettered L', .S. J:!nijiHtirs, with their aeTOCal di^
liiiciixc nanus.
APPENDIX BB — REPORT OF MAJOR JONES.
2213
The ortst of the work was an followfl:
Dredge No. 1 $753.76
Dredge No. 2 i 150. fi6
Steamboat No.l 394.91
Steamboat No. 2 401.58
Qaarter boat No. 1 80. 68
Quarter boat No. 2 185.29
General repairs on the remainder of the boats, 14 in all 507. 91
The total cost for repairs to the <:lo8<j of the season 2, 474. 79
By these repairs all of the boatH were x)ut in as good shape as it was possible to
make them; many of them have, however, b«'en in service from 10 to 12 years, and,
as a matter of course, repairs on boats of that age will only render them serviceable
for a short time.
In the latter part of October the repair work was discon tinned, and after a trip of
inspection over the river to the north, on the steamer Ogama, from Grand Forks to
the Pelioan bars, the dredging fleet was put in shape for the winter and all work
closed.
SEASON OF 1891 TO JUNE 30.
This year the preparatorv work for the resumption of dredging was commenced in
the latter part of April. Owing to the repairs of last season the preparatory work
cronsisted of but little more than that of setting up the machinery of the dredges
and steamboat.
Dredge No. 1 was started from Grand Forks on the 8th of May and towed to the
Pelican Bars, 92 miles north, arriving at the upper bar on the 13th, when dredging
waa at once commenced.
Tlie river in the vicinity of the Pelican bars is about 300 feet wide and the bars
are very long. Since the work was started the dredge has excavated a 60-foot chan-
nel through the upper bar, 2,075 feet long, and is now at work on the second bar,
which is about h«'uf completed.
Total excavation to date, 22,660 cubic yards. Length of channel -cutting, 3,175
linear feet. Length of wing and training dams formed with the excavated material,
3,675 linear feet. Length of river worked over, li miles.
Dredge No. 2 was started from Grand Forks on the 4th of May and the work on
the channel was commenced at a point about 13 miles north.
The work of Dredge No. 2 has so far been confined to the removal of a few small
bars and to clearing and extending some of the old chaimel cuttings and repairing
the wing and training dams.
This portion of the river has been improved in former years, but at a higher stage of
water, so that some of the small bars that had before been passed over, it was now
consiaered necessary to remove.
Total excavation to date, 21,875 cubic yards. Length of channel cuttings, 5,135
linear feet. Number of new channels cut, 10. Number of old cuttings widened and
extended and the wing and training dams repaired, 7. Length of wing and train-
ing dams formed with the excavated material, 5,850 linear feet.
Length of river worked over, 30 miles.
Summary,
Dredge No. 1
Dreilgo No. 2
Total..
Excava-
tion.
On. yds.
22, 6G0
21,875
Lin. ft.
3,175
5,135
2
10
44, 535
8,310
12
Old cnt-
tings ex-
tenoed, etc.
WiDg find
training
dams.
Hiiearfeet.
3, 675
5,850
0,525
River
worked
over.
M\U».
3i^
31i
The now channels this year have all been made 60 feet wide, with a low-water
depth of 4 feet.
Average cost of the dredging, 13 cents per cubic yard.
Cost of subsistence per ration, 38| cents.
Steamboat No. 2, Ogama. operated in connection with the dredges, towing the fleet
and keeping up the supply of fuel, subsistence, etc., has made 17 trips so far this
2214 REPORT OF THE CHIEF
season. Total miles run. 873. (Tho rost of iiiAiiitaiuiiig and upenfeing the iteni-
boat is included in the oost of the work.)
Owing to low water during the last half of the boating season of 1890. all of tho
steamboats on the Red River were laid up. So far this vear there has been a good
navigable stiigc averaging about H feet on the Grand Forks gauge; a f avocahle
stage, also, fur the dredging operations.
The steamer //. H'. Almp, ot the Red River Transportation Company, with aflieei
of barges, has hern operated day and night since the opening of naTiffation, hriug-
lug wheat from the north and south to Grand Forks. The steamer Jwop has, how-
ever, been the only boat run on the Red River this year.
Very respe«'t fully, your obedient servant.
Maj. \V. A. .loNKS,
Corps of I-^it4jinnr«, L\ S. J.
R. Davsnpobt,
J«iri«/ajil Emgituer,
COMMKRCIAL STATISTICS.
Tliere are two stimmboat lines now on the Red River: At Fargo, N. Dak., ths
Grandin line; one steanter, the Gramiin^ 2:20 tons, with four barges, two of 300 tons.
one of 250 tons, and one of 200 tons. At Grand Forks, the Red River Tranapoxtatioa
Company, two steamboats, the Pluck, 36 tons, and the H, JF. Al90p, 167 ton% vith
ten iKiTges, four of 178 tons, one of 202 tons, one of 155 tons, one of 106 ton% and
three of 72 tons.
Cumptirative stti tern rut offrt'ujht mortd by steamboats and barge* during ikepoii IS
Yt'ar. T"*!!-*. Yrar.
1S!H» 1.710 l>.^«! Ul.r»(»T i«e
IKS!» :!. Mill i>.«0
1S^S 1LM40 1.^4
18JJ7 U».4U5 liv'^J
I .1
25,J14 : 187»
I.
31, ca
31337
17.1
B By.
Sl'RVKYS FOR RKSKRVniKs AT TllK SorR(M:s OF MISSISSIPPI, ST. CROIX,
ClllPrKWA, AND W LSCi»N>ilX RIVERS.
yothiuf: was done un<lor this lu^iul iluriug the x^wt fiscal year, no
t'uiuls having: bet'ii available for such work. For aeconiit iu detail of
tlieso surveys rercriMuo is iiuule to i)a«ros 15()7 and 15G8, Appendix T|
Part II, ^Viinual 1 Report ot* the Chief of Eugiueers, 1880,
^f(n^nf statement.
i Ani«»uiiT ' fNtiiiijittMl^ r»'f[iiinMl li»r tMi]n])U'tii>ii of ex istinjj project fGQ^OOO
■ Subniiiti-il lit t-oinpliaiue with rt'iiuiiviiiciits of si'rtioiid 2 of river and
( harbor acts of ISOG aud ISlJT.
BBS.
(;Arj;iX(; Mi>>Jissii'n kivkk at ok nkar st. pavl, Minnesota.
Tlie lioartl uf i'ji;4:ineers, to whom was referred the project for the
api>li<atioii of ^^^T.-VK), appropriatrd by the river and harbor act of Au-
gust o, 1880, for reservoirs at the headwaters of the MififliBSippi BiveTi
iIX BB — REPORT Oj- MAJOE JONES.
2215
u«t)ilt;<l Ju tlifcir i-otHJit, dated Aliiy 2i, 1887, ^'thatsncli gaugiugg
ie at or iienr St. I'^iil during the annual operation of the reser-
lA ntuill de.tenuiue nccui-atuly tlio discharge at that point at i^rit-
irJods." (Page 1692, Annua! Report Chief of Engineers, 1887.)
rivtr and liarbor act of August 11, 1888, authorized the gaugiugH
ttvlded for them as follows.:
hn-SocrnljiT; of Wm- Bhnll iMtiiBe Kiicb gsof^gs to be moile at ot near St.
iring tlic anauul opprntinii iir iitid rt«ervum s« sUnll dntnmiiiie upciirately
hnrgant Ibat noiiil., tbn cuat cif thu hiuu» to be paid mili>f tbu aim mil appro-
I for K»ugiiig Urn ffutum of tlie MiaHUuiipiii River luiil iU tributuriiw.
It. 'Hint for tho piirposo nf Hi^rnriit^ tbo imlnti-rriiptnd gaiii;iiii[ or tbe waten
[.iiwcr Mluiwinpl Uivnr nnil iM tributarily, a« provided &r in joint resola-
rcigiiisitiun from
ntiUT of tho TruBBDT.v Itit micb inine iw« may be uecMSory
.coca in tbu uj^i^r^ate for cii,cb year tbe amouiit appro-
ttmn upon tho Suiintiur of tho Tn
aeh work, not to cxeoml in tho iigKrugi . _ _ _^ _ .
tn thu a0t for «ucb piirpuM : I'rireidea. tumever. That .in ttoinixed atat«nent
txpcnscs shall n«pompiiny tbe Aunuul Report of the Chief of Kngiiiei
t(tngs were not made until the fall of 1S80, although an allotment
D for tho fiscal year ending June 3i), 1889, had been made. On.
ih of tJic lateness in the seoHou and the condition of the river it
)t deemed advisable to exju^nd any of the money that year,
allotments of ((WO and k'MH) msu\e tor tbe tlscal years I889-'90,
i90-'91, respeetivoly, were apiilicd to ganging the MieBissippi
at St Paul. •
iu^ the past year a total of C2 gangings have been made, 57 of
LBSissippi Itiver at St. Paul and .0 of the Minnesota River at its
following are tbe gangings made during the litstal year 18ilO-'91:
>to. PblM.
M^LhCKl.
°sr
^u.
■ 1 Mis-i-sippl River ah.ivt
,1 iniialiaR«ilvByliri<l|;e
' Kr>lK'rl Hlnvt bridse,
1 St. Paul.
,.70
4,100.14
3,939.30
4, 789. 20
4. 7SS. S3
442.50
4. MS. St
4, Wr. .',7
r..0B.-.,l8
4,W7.99
. lS'--..rto \.-...l:
IU Mma<mU River U iU
do
2*0
■.;l;; :■:::::::
■. T Mi'-mWippiRiviTi.lKpM-
lliilwrl itivet bri.lj,-.'.
StPuil.
1 i:ol>erI ■treet bTi■l^,■,
\ moath.
1 StPuL
""''" 1
■-"■■ I '■""
'■'"■•'
1
2216 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. AHIIT.
Ni>. l>at.
1 >'.«•".
17 Ni.v. -Jij
1«»1.
18 I May
I
19 i Mny
2i) : MaV
21 May
22 ' >rav
2:1 ^lav
24 Mav
2'! Mav
2tl I May
27 ; Muv
28 I Mav
29 I Mav
30
31
32
3:)
34
55
M
:«7
:is
:«»
40
Mav
MaV
Mav
^InV
May
Mav
Mav
Mav
Mav
May
Juiie
42 June
4^ June
4f>
47
4S
4i)
rm
''1
r.2
w
54
5«i
57
5K
!■■<•
01
Jnm^
•IlIllO
•I ttue
•I iiiii'
•III ho
.Iiin«»
Juuo
Juno
till no
Junt*
JUIH'
Juiu>
JiiiiH
JiUM'
•l:ino
•I I'.ni'
5
I
ft
11
12
r:
14
15
1«
18
19
2l»
21
>»•
2:i
24
20
29
:iO
4
41 June 5
6
8
44 Jnne 9
45 June lu
11
12
y.i
i.'i
Ki
17
!•<
ll»
■jii
• !•■
.■* ;
-4
•jy
riaco.
Mitliotl.
Miinii-siita Kivir at its ! Curn^nt meter.,
iiiimtli.
Mi<^i<(^«i|•]■i RiviM'itlMivo Kiwtrioal cur-
l;iiii«-ri ••tn* t l»riilui'. n-nt uii-tor.
St. Paul.
. . . till flt>
.. i''» ilo
. . . »!' I d»»
1
.till
. . .(Ill
.. il.i
. . .ill)
ill'
ilo
do
.ilo
.»!.»
.ili>
-do
.do
.do ,
.do
do
do do
. ■ ilo do
.. ili» di>
. . d«i i|«»
Mi<si^<ili]ii Kixt-r at ...do
ll.lMnlt r.llllI..S|. I'.Ull.
d.
. . . tio
. . . .«lo
. . . .«lo
. . . ill*
Mi^.■«:!»iIl}li !:iM-r :ilMi\t-
KoIm ri >irii t br iili:**.
St. rani.
MiHsi^.^ijijti Ki\ir at
I>a_vtiin lUuif. Si. I'atil.
. . . do
Mis!:issi]i|ii Kivt-r ^ilmvi-
Kobrrl f»in-it l»iiil_i;t'.
Si. r.ii.l.
. tU*
"!••
do
do
do
• lo
• lo
do
.do .. .,
ilo
do ....
•!.>
..I..
• lo
111!
• lo
do
lio
.lo
dn
i|(>
do
do
.!o
d.>
d..
,lo
I'.lf
.till
.lo
. d..
. do
dn
.. d..
.. i!o
(-J JllTl
i«
«l>»
d..
.{.I
d.i
Kt-ailiii;;
«f St.
Paul
SUmal
SiTvire
Gauge.
Di^rliarpo
in cabks
feet per
aecunil.
4.C4
4.52
4.40 I
4.32
4.00
3.92
3.75 I
3.78
S.71
3.74
:{.42
3.29
a. 07 I
:i. 14 I
3.(t5 ,
2.99
2. S9
2. JW
2.M)
2..<l
2. S2
2.84
•I — •!
... I _
2. l57
2. 01
2. .'d
2. :.7
2. 56
2. HI
•I wo
2! SI
2.82
2.81
2. Ill
2. W
•» —.I
... <>
2. :<»
2. ::9
2. f-U
JL77
396.01
4. 75 10. IGO. 00 Wind doWDi
10,357.63
9. 329. 50
9. 153. 88 i
I
8.633.54 i
8.350.85
7. 919. 28
7.503.04
7.510.57 1
7.424.08 >
7.902.52
6.934.57
6.501.44
0.191.61
6,432.80
G.311.:M
6.175.12
6.100.76
6. «W. 22
5.949.90
5. T.iO. 81
5.8W.40
6,072.79
Do.
StniuK wind
Httvam.
Wind do
Do.
Wind oMi
DoL
Stnms wlad
•tntm.
Do.
Wind dowBo'
Wind iipotn am
Do.
Windn:
2.77 5.853.04 Wind
2.77 5.729.17
2,iU 5.675.02
.\ 700. 42
5.039.27
5. 564. 34
5. 214. 55
5.3)8.79
5.407.31
5.9:U.»4
6.0U7.86
5.8;t8.88
6.003.20
5.887.48
5.422.93
^ 410. 50
5.668.10
5. 429. 54
5, 2ot\ tt2
:». 4rt). 10
.«>. 829. 13
■truiUB.
2 70 5,622.01
Rain.
Wind n
Kain.
Stnmf; n-ind
BtlfJUU.
Tlir UMM-iiius wi^ro umuU^ by ol»st*rvin;; tlio iiiid,flo|>t1i velocities in
sfriiiiii> L'o \\'i'\ apaii. Mt-aii vrli»ritv was takni as 05 i>er i'ent-. of niiil-
drl)tll v«*l<»ritv.
-V s<*ri«'s nf ol»>tiviUiniis \v<n» takrii in «1 une to determine the ratio.
,- ." , tor tlir ;i;ni;j:iTi.i: srrtioii at St. Paul, and was found to be 0.948.
' O |i
riu' n-siilis ni' tlir pMi.iiin<^s an» intrrostin*: and valuable so far a8
tln'\ iro, hut iho inoiirN luTotot'oif allot t4Ml and made available for ^ug-
in;:s lias luM-n iiiadr.[nai«* to ]uo«'niv ilio i n ton nation needed for a oor-
ri'fl and M-ii^ntitu- invest i«^Mt ion ottliiM'tVirtof the rosiTvoir water on tbe
^^^^» IPPENDIX BIl — RErORT OP MAJOR .TONES. 2217-
Mi»)U)tippi Kiver. It in imperative tJist this cdfect Khali bo aiu-cr-
taincd and eHtablisbed beyond qaeHtion. Tbe knowledge gained would
Iw of nHe,notonIy in ronnection with the present reservoir system at
tbe head waters of the Mississippi River, but also in determining tbe
value of reservoirs a^ a ineanx of improving rivers in general.
It is recommended that Congress be askedtoflx the amount to be an-
naally available for this specific work. An e.xaminatinn of tlio legislation
nfl'ecting gauges indicates that Congress intended tbe smn to be $4,tKH>.
Previous to the act of August II, 1888^ the annual expenditures of gaugeH
and ganging of the* Ixiwer Mississippi River was limited by law to t5,0<H).
^Vben, in 188S, it was provided for paying tlie expenses of " gaugings
at and near St. raul," qU-.., " out of the annual iippi-opriation for gaug-
ing the Ml8sissi]tpi River nnd its tributaries," tbe limit wiun increa^d^to
«9,600.
Amoant expended during fiscal year ending June 30, 1S91, including
oatstandiog liabilities, $900.
ADSWACT OT AI.IflrrMRXTB.
For fl«-«l y*w ending Jwie 30, IftSH 'SIWO.OO
Kor A«im1 ypu eiiiliDg Jnnu :tO, 1«I0 600,00
I'or tlawl year ending June 30, IWII 900.00
Miincii utiifrmi'i't.
Amonat allotted for (iwalynTeiKliii)- Jiii.u 30, IWII OOO.OO
Amount uUutted for fiscal year ending Juuc 30, isirj 900.00
1,800,00
JanaSO, 1891, wnnnnt eTiwnded dnring fiaciJ yonr 620,93
Jnlvl, IWl, bali.n.T Lii!Pvpemlc.T 1,179.07
Jnlj 1, 1891, onUtonding DabilitiiB 279.07
Jaly 1, 1891, balance STailablo 900. 00
{A)nonntth.')tcanli«prorLtn1<1vr\|ii'ii'[i''Ui)tisnilvr':iri'iiili[i;;,liiii.i30, 1893 4,(MM).U0
Submitted in coiiiiiliiuin' svilb K-qiiiri'im iits <'] s.:<aiuu8 2 uf river luid
harbor acts ol' 1866 iind 18<>i.
Ilemisfd tlaiement of e^miUlun
iifj (III- f'iKal year ending June SO, 1
DM*.
Tu whuln pulcl.
For what paii.
An.™nC
n'r^
,
•2.00
a.k:w™&;::::::::::::::::::
Seribner-Llbbej C
A. O. Powell, M«™taj.[,-ufii„-,i-...
ATi.<..,Vrtght&..-"
H°'ir7^W^''«'^"'"''t ■'■"'■■■
SanuDmeteu
J.B.RItcs
X«v. 13
1.WI
l',„iTi|i> n,ll for NovemlKr
iww
8.61
x^v n
Z,KI
U.26
U.X
1>BC fl
J^aK^IX^Ui>t eniii'nwr- . .
Tnvelinic eipedilea
18B0
2218 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. & ABMT.
Jtemhfd ftatement of expenditures during the fiscal year em^im§
»,
Date.
1S91
Apr.
Apr.
May
•2:{
11
May
Juufl
Junv
Juuo
i.r.
IS
June
•»
June
June
24
26
To wlioni palil.
For what p«id.
Anu'S. AVriubt A: Oo On»» dry Uattery
•TaiiH'4 E. Aujii* I'si* uf* skiff. . .*
Hurt i lk*r>:er IkitterieSf register*, etc. . . .
t'lijirlv!* lJ^nUhmit Di-ayage
Adiun IVH-ktT Jk: i'o Wire, etc
Sniulrv jH^rsuns I'a v mJl for Mnv. 1H91
. . . ilo * l»ay ri>U for April, 1801 ....
St«-aiufr /7i'/i r.V/fii TRUUip(tn.itio]i
Scribm-r-LUilH-v Tu Itnifw tnbeA, ete
N[. I'. Konmnlv "a iin-* Ihirs, eto
< ;«-<>rgt* AV. A llt-ii Travt'liug expeiuitv
.\iiif«. Wright A Co Ilatterv
ii«-\»rjie W. AlU-ii TiiiTefiiig expeuiMii ,
Kobinson & Cary (.'o Wirerope, cortl, etc
Itil
.»
.9
list
ISI
3t«
191
L»
LW
HIT
< hi tsta N (7/ N «/ lia hi /t /itvt Jh mc 30„ ISOl.
To \ilioiii II will;;.
On iK>i-«tunt of—
Sumlrx iH-rj*"*!!'*
1). Kainalt'v Jc S«ii
llonn- E. \Vvtblstatth a To.
I'uy roll for J uuv, liSU
Knvflopes ,
Statioiier\-
LSI
£xiH.*n<1tHl during tisrul yi-ar i-ii<liii<; Jinn.- :\*k l"«iM
Total
B B 9.
rRKTJMlXAKYKXAMIXATlt>X OF HARBOR AT HIT^PON, WISCONSINp WITH
A VIKW lY) PKKVKNT TlIK CITY HKlXCi TIT OFF FROM THE NAVIGABLE
THAXXF.L OF THK ST. C'KOIX 1-AKK. A!^ A RESl'LT OF THE GOVBBV-
MEXT niKK X<nv itASTlil'CTKn AT TH.VT 1H)INT, AND WITH A
TO TlIK FUVSIHILn Y OV iOXOri'TlXO THK WATERS OF WILLOW
PAST THK rlTY OF HinSOX IXTO THE XAVIGABLE CHANNEL OF
LAKK.
ilViutiil in ftousf Ex. Pik\ Xo. 2iV. Fifty -first Congress, second HMiott.]
OfFK'H OF THE ('HIEFOF EXGIXEEBS,
rxiTED States Ainrr,
Washi)njtoii. I). C Februarjf ISj 1891m
Sill: T li;ive the ln>nor to submit the acooiuimiiying copy <^ vq^ort
tlatiMl Kobniaiv 10, is«»i, iVoni Maj. W. A. Jone^ Coips of iBi^niMnti
<riviii^^ n-sults (»t' iti-cliinlnary cxaiiiiiiatioii of the harbor of HndaoB,
\Vi.^., •• with a viiw to juvvtMit tlie oity being cut off from the iiavi|pAh
rhaiinel ot' the St. ( roix I.ako. as a losnit of the Govemment dike iMiv
«oiistruit(Ml at that i>oii)t. ami with a viow to the feasibility of oondofl^
iii«r the waters of WiHow l\iver ]»ast the eity ^f Hudson into fiie nsvi-
<<:al>1e ehamii'l of the lake." iiuuh' to eoniply with provisions of the liYW
and harbor art appn»ve«l September 19, 181H).
^lajor Joiu's iv}»orts that the eity of Hudson has an exeenent baibor
and that the ]H'opositiou to ireate a new ehaiinel for Willow River in
order to improve a harbor that is <rood enough already is nnieeeoiimblB
and pi obably very expensive. Ha.^ing his opinion upon the fiMte^et
forth iu his report, Cid. O. M. Poe, Corps of EiigineetSy DiviAHi
ji»:\!
APPENDIX BB — REPOBT Op MAJOE JONES. 2219
i|' gioMV, Noillintwit Division, i'0ii<nir!4 with Ms^)or Jmiivs tiiiit. ttiis ImilKir
boot worthy' of improvement in ttic miitmcr dt>.'«iguati^(l 1>y tliu suit;
[ «D(1 tbu viewH of thesa officers meet ^ritli iny approvnl.
Very ruepfNitfnlly, your obedient servant,
Taos. LtNOoLN Casey,
Ilriff, Oen., Chief u/ Jingincers.
Hun. Uedpield PRocTojt,
Staretarjf of War,
report (l¥ major w. a. jones, qorps of rnainbkbs.
Unituu States Knoinrer Officb,
St. Paul, Minn., Februars 10, 1891.
Gknbral : I have tlie honor to report the result of a preliminary eic-
aniinatiuii of the "hurlior at Iliidsou, Wis., with a view to preveut the
city being eiit off from the navi^iible channel of the St. Croix Lake, as
a rtvnilt of the Government dike now conBtmct«d at that point, and
with « view to the feasibility of conducting the waters of "Willow lliver
past UiL- cily of Undson into the navigable channel of the lake," ah pro-
Tided for in the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890,
Tbe city of Hudson, Wis., lies upon the east bank of the lake portion
(if the St. Croix River. Willow River, a »iaaM sti'eam, empties int« the
lake at tin: upper end of the city. At its mouth is a large bar with
diMsp water above and below. The channel of the St. Croix River passes
uriMind the bar and along the west or Minnesota shore of the lake.
The bar may have been formed by sediment brought down Willow
Biver iw well as by other causes. At any rate the bar is of old foiniii-
tion, as shown by the faet that more or less bowlders aro fotin<l on it
which could not have been brought down by the action of Willow
Eiver.
Funhermore, Willow River has fur many years jmst been iin]»roved
for water-power ]mr|>osos, and it is not likely that sediment in any great
qna&ttty is now carried thi-ough the mill pond to be deposited oa the
bar. The Chicago, St. Paul, Miuneapolis and Omaha Railway Company
took advantage of the bar to cross the lake.
I inclose herewith two maps* of the harbor of Hudson, one the result
of a careful suivey in 1879, prior to the construction of the Government
dike referred to in the aet, and the other from a survey made under my
direction in January, 1S91. These fully illustrate the situation, and
from them it will be seen:
(1) That the city of Hudson had an excellent harbor in 1879.
(2) That she has to-day an excellent harbor.
(3) That there has been no maten:il eliaugc in the said harbor since
1879. The upper end of the Hudson Harbor has a soft bottom. The
soundings made last month throufih the ice. are i)i-obably more reliable
than those made for the survey during ojien water in October, 1879.
The soundings for the latter were made from a rowboat, ou time and
l>etweeD located buoys. The sounder could not have had time to care-
fully feel of the bottom and may have ineasnrc^d mud as well as water.
This explauatioD may account for the slight difference in depth exhib-
ited by the surveys for the upper end or slioalest part of the harbor.
(4) That the proposition to create a new chsmnel for Willow River in
2220 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. & ARMT.
onior to improve a harbor that is good euough already is nnTeMonaUe
and probably very expensive.
l)esi>ito the fact of a good harbor at Hudson, there acjB no oommeraai
statistics to report, since thei*e has been no material commeree in recent
times that I am aware of. These are the reasons which induce me to
state that the harbor of Hudson is not, in my judgment, worthy of im-
pit>vcmeiit.
Very respectfully, your obedient serviint,
W. A. Jones,
Major ^ Corps ofEnginetrt.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. (\vsky,
Vhkf of Kiufineem^ L\ iS. A.
(Through Col. O. M. Toe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineor,
Korthwest Division.)
■
[First indorsement.]
U. S. ExonvEER Office,
Detroit, February 13, 189L
Eespectl'iilly forwarded.
Basing my opinion upon the faet« set forth in this report, I concnr
with Major Jones that the harbor at Hudson, Wis., is not worthy of
improvement by the General Government in the manner outlined in Uie
terms of the act of September 19, 1890.
O. M. PoB,
Coloneh Corps of Engineem^
IHvisioH EngineeTy Korthwesi DivtsiaiL
BB 10.
PRKLTMINARY KXAMIXATInX OF KMID IJIVER OF THE NORTH, WPTH A
Vli:\V OF IMPKuVIM; THK NAVHiATION OF THE SAME BY THE OOK-
STRUCTIOX OF A LOCK AND DAM AT GOOSE RAPIDS IN SAID RIVEB.
[Priiittil ill IIiMisv Ex. l)oo. X«i. 292. Fiftv-flrat Confrresa, MOondMMloB.]
Offk'k of the Chief of Exgineers,
United IStates Abxt,
WashiHfiton, i>. C, March 3, 1891,
SiK: 1 have thr hnn<»r to submit thi* aeeompanying eopy of report
(latiMl FrbriKuy iM, ls«»i, tVoin .Maj. W. A. Jones, (Torps of fSngineerSi
«riviii«r n*siilts of pn^liiuiiiaiy t'xaniinaiion of "Ked Kiver of the Iforth,
with a \iew of iiiiproviii*^ the navi'ration of the same by the oonstne-
tion of a loek and ihiiii at (lOose Ka]»i(ls in said river,^ made to comply
with provisions of the river and liarbor aet appit)ved September 19|
ISDO.
Major Jones reports that it is perftTtly evident that a lock and dam
wonld not only be an nnneoessary obstrnetion in the navigation of the
river, but that it would be an unnecessary expense, and therefore in \m
judjrHieut the Red River of the Xorth at Goose Rapids is not worthy <rf
improvement by means of a loek and dam.
Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Kn»rineers, Division Engineer, Northwest
Division, eomurs in the opinion that this loeiUity is not worthy of im-
APPENDIX BB — BEPOBT OF MAJOB JONES. 2221
provement as proposed by the act; and the views of these officers meet
with my approval.
Very re8i)ectftilly, your obedient scsrvant,
Tnos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen.y Chief of Engineers.
Hon. Bedfjelb Pboctor,
Secretary of War.
bepobt op major w. a. jones, coups of engineers.
United States Enoineer Office,
St, Pauly Minn,j February 23^ 1891.
Genebal: In complian<;c with the requirements of the act of Con-
gress of September 19, ISIM), I have the honor to report the result of a
preliminary examination ot^—
Bed Biver of the Norths with a view of improving the navigation of the same by
the construction of a lock and dam at Goose Rapids in said river.
This matter has been examined before, as follows:
This proposed improvement was tirst suggested by Major Farquhar
in his report on an examination and survey of the river, dated March
4, 1874. In 1877 the same officer estimated the cost at $219,287.99, and
located the proposed improvement so as to flow out about 4 miles of the
worst portion of the rapids. In 1881 and 1882 Congress api)roi)riated
$50,000 for this work.
In the fall of 1882, Maj. C. J. Allen suggested locating the lock and
dam at Buffalo Neck, about 8^ miles below Major Farquhar's site. This
would necessitate a gieater fift, but would flow out a longer reach oi
the rapids and reduce the dredging. The preliminary estimate of cost
was placed at $240,992.85. In 1883 a survey was made of the rapids, a
report on.which was submitted January 21, 1884. In that report Major
Allen presented the cost of three plans for improving the rai)ids as
follows:
(1) Locks and diuiis at Buffalo Neck and Isabella Inland $"476, 378. 49
Dredging 4,750.00
481, 128. 49
(2) I^ck and dam at Buffalo Neck 261,378.49
Dredging 12,750.00
274, 128. 49
(3) Dredging the bars on the rapids and utilizing the dredged material
for dams, training walls, etc 30, 000. Oq
The officer favored the third plan aud suggested for consideration the
advisability of rendering the appropriations already made for a lock
and dam available for dredging, and the river and harbor act of Con-
greBS approved August 6, 188G, authorized such expeuditures in the
following words:
Improving Sed River of the North, Minnesota: Continuing iuiprovement from
Breckenridffe to the northern houndary line of the United States, in<;lnding dredg-
ing, remoTsQ of snags and howlders, and construction of wing dains, etc. : and the
money heretofore appropriated for locks and dunis is hereby made availahld for tliis
pnrpoee.
The balance from the appropriations for lock and dam was accord-
'- -'" trainsfeiired to the improvement of the Red Kiver of the Korth.
2222 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ASMT.
At and in the vicinity of Goose Bapids the Bed Biyer of the Katt
runs thi*on^h a plain of soft alluvium underlaid with clay. At scatter-
ing intervals on this ph\in occur small deposits of drift in the shape of
small bowlders, cobblestones, and gi*avel, composed of several varieties
of crystalline nx'.ks and a well-defined fossiliferous limestone. At G^ost
Bapids the river cuts through a number of these deposits, and the w- ;
moval of the soft material has left the drift imbedded in the chqr iiPM
the bottom to such an extent as to prevent fiuther catting of the ch^Tt
and hence at low-wati*r stages there is quite an increase in flie river
slope.
Averajiro slope at low water over the whole reach at Gooee Rapids, a distance
of 22 miles 1
(Greatest slojie at any one |niint at low water over a distance of .928 mile 4.15
Slope of Keil Kiver over a ilisraiueof 154 miles ahove and below Gooee KapiiU
and iiu'lmlinjr same Ol54
From the forejroing it is perfectly evident that a lock and dam wonU
not only be an unneccssmy block in the navigation of the river, bat
that it would be an unnecessary expense. By removing the drift and
clay which are the cause of the obstruction at this point the excessive
slope can be so distributed a^ to no longer prove a lundraooe to naviga-
tion. Tliis is the project under which the improvement of the rivw ii
now boin<r conducted.
1 have tliereforc to report that in my judgment the Bed Biver of th6
Xortlu at (liiosc Kapids. is not worthy of iinpi'ovement by means of a
lock and dam.
COMMi:i:ilAl. STATISTICS.
[Sot.- AiiTMtal UciMiyt f.ir lisoal year ending JnneSO, 1800.]
There are two steaiuln^it limy^ now on the Red River: At Fargo, N. Dak., th*
<iraiuliu Line; one stritniiT. Tht (inimUn, 2*J() ton.<. with 4 barges. 2 of 900 torn, lof
25<> tons, and 1 of L'iH) tons. At (/irand Forks, the Red Biver Transportation Cob-
pany, 2 sten ml Mints: the riurk, 88 tons, and the H, JT. AI^p^ 157 tons, with 10 barges;
4 or"ll»S tons. 1 t>iL'iL' ions. 1 olird tons. 1 of 116 tons, and 3 of 72 tons.*
Comparative stat* ttutit of r'ni'iht mort'ii htf A^nmNmM and barges during tkepmtiJl
Ton**.
1SS1> 3.Mi<J 1883 25l314
1S.XS ILMIO 1S8-J Sl.fiS!
i><?s7 io.iiv> 1881 aassi
ISSii V\Ta)1 18S<> 21.651
l^^^-^ L^o.iM8 187i» 17,859
ISSi -JtMMJi
Very ivspM't fully, your olK'diont sorvant,
W. A. J02fE8«
Major. Corps of Ei^ffimeen.
Briff. Gen. Thomas L. C'askv,
« • •
(Tlirouirli Col. O, M. Poc Corps of Enjrincors, Dhision EngmMTi
Northwest Division.)
[Virst iiiiliirsi^mcnt.]
F. S. Knginkeb Office,
l>eiroit FebrMarg jgtf, 1891,
Rospoe tfnlly forwanlnl.
I roiMur ill till* ojtiiiion that " Red KiviM* of the Xorth, with a view of
improving the navigation of the same by the coustruction of a look and
^^^^B APFEirUIX B B — KEPORT OF MAJOR JONES. 2223
liun ftt Goo«e Eapidfi," is iiot worthy of itnprovi>ment by the General
■uvununeDt.
O. M. POK.
VoloneJ, Cmyit of Ungvneer/i,
Dirinion Engineer, N»rthioeat Division.
BBii.
■BEUMINARr EXAMINATION OF CEEEL/S BAY, TOTTEN BAT, AND MDf-
NEWAUKEN SHOALS. IN DEVIL LAKE, IfOBTIf DAKOTA, WITH AN
ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF IMI'KOVING THE SAME BY llEEDOINO OB
OTHEHWISK. SO AS TO BEliSTABl.ISH THE NAVIGATION OF 8AID
LAKI';.
[tVlntcd In UouH Ki. Doo. Nn. tCa, ¥lttj-Bnt Con|{nu, uooud euauni,)
Office op the Chibf of Enginkebs,
United States Army,
WitsUngt&n, D. C, March 3, 1891.
Snt: I have the hODOr to submit the iMX'.onipanying copy of report
iatMl February 24, 18ftl, from Mi^j. W. A. Jones, Corps of Kngineers,
;i\-iiie resulUi of prelimiimry examination of Creel Bay, Totten Bay,
md Miunewaoken Shoals, in Devil Lake, Ifortb Dakota, '■ 'nith an es-
jiuate of the cost of improving the same by drMging or otherwise, bo
ts to reestablish the niivigation of said lake," made to comply witti
Huvisions of the river and harlMr act approved September 19, 1890.
Both Mtuor Jones and Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Eagineers, Diviaioa
Engineer, Northwest Division, report that in their opinion these locali-
test are not worthy of improvement by the General Government, and I
wncur in the coiu-lusioiis ii'acht'd by these ofllicr-s.
Tery respectfiiUy, your obedient servant.
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Engineer!.
Hun. ItKDFIELD PEOdTOlf.
Secretary ofWtir.
BEroBT (fF MAJOR W. A. JI)NK«, (.'(IRl'S OF ENGINEERS.
UNITKH StATKK EXGINEER OFFICE,
*7. raul, Minn., February M, 1801.
Oeneual: 1 have the honor to rei>ort having made an examination
if "Creel ISay, Totten Bay, and Minnewauken Sboals, in Devil Lake,
sorth Dakota, with an estimate of the cost of improving the same by
In-dging or otherwise, so as to reestablish the navigation of said laka"
Devil Lake lies wholly within the State of Worth Dakota, and its
laters have no communication whatever witli the waters of any other
itate. It ciin not, therefore, be classed iimong the navigable waters of
he United States, and hence I do not see how it can be considered as
\ worthy subject of improvement by the General Government.
Very respet;ttiilly, your obedient sei-vant,
W, A. .Tones,
Mujor, t'orpn of EngiiiKvrs.
Brig, Gen, Thomas L. Cas];y,
Chief of Engineers, (.'. >S. A.
(Through Col. O. M. Pue, (-.'orjiM of Engineers, Division Engineer, ,
Hortihw«et Diviaion.)
2224 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. A8KT.
[First indorsement.]
U. S. Engineer Office,
Detroit^ February 26^ 1891.
Kosi>cc t till ly 1\ >r wariU^l .
From the statoiiiouts hereto attached it does not appear thateittier
the present or pro8i>eetive commeFce of Devil Lskke is sufficient to
justify tlie very considerable cost of the dredging that would be re-
quired at Creel l>ay, Totten Bay, and Minnewauken Shoals, to obtain
even a teniinuary improvement.
For this reason, and not for that assigned by Mtgor Jones, United
States Kn;ijrineers. I am of opinion that the hK'alitics named are not
wortliv of improvement by tlie Cleneral Government.
O. M. PoR,
ColoncU CorpR of Engineerg^
J>irishn KtHjinctr^ yortkicvst JHviHan,
C< ' M M I : li(.' I A L STATISTICS.
Devil Lake, Denmher IT, 1890.
Wlicrrus l)y reason of Ihc rooiMliiig the paat few years of the water in DevU Lakfli
the businoiis ol' navigation has very materiaUy decreased, and our bostiUBS intereili
iiiatrrially siiflor tlitTi-by,
lifsolrtfL Tliat it is the snise of this Chamber of Commerce that the United Stitci
Govcnimeut should, by a system of dredging or otherwise, seek to so improTe tiic
navigation of I>evil Lake Hay as to permit the steamers to land at their ibnBer
landinic ])laiv: and siM-oml, to inquire into the feasibility of turning Moiue Riwr
into lU'vil Lake l>y means of a «-aual for the jomt purpose of lucreaBing the volime
of waters into Devil Lake, and for irrigation purposes along the line of thepiD-
posed eanal; tliird. to inquire into the feasibility oi turning the waters of the Hi«-
souri liivtT into the Mouse Kiver for irrigation and navigation purposes, thenesby
tlie eanal into Devil Lake for n storage reservoir of surplus winter, then down the
('■heyenno for irrigation purpo8«>s, thence into the Red River of the ISorth for immor-
ing navigation thereon. We believe that the great volume of water which flovi
from the Mmise River at June or spring lloods could be turned into Devil Lake,
and would restore the latter to its lonner height, and if eontinned on to theBf«i
Kiv«>r would make that stream of mueh greater commercial importance, and would
help solve the irrigation problem for the farmers along tlie course of these stroaiiu.
J\ii<olvvd, That we havo carefully read over the st;itement submitted by Capt. E.E.
lleernian to Ma j. William A. Jones, of the United States Engineering CoipSyielatiTe to
the rainfall and lowering of the lake, and the consequent decline in boainessy and
that we know these statements are true in every particular, and earnestly urge i
action by the Government to improve navigation on our lake.
A. O. WUXFPLXy
Ja8. v. Brooks,
Di:\iL Lake, N. Dak., Deeemher IS, 2890,
Dkau .Sik: On May 27, of 18S;>, the lirst steamer in running operation^ the ateams
Arrow, was ]iut (»n the lake at expense of ^.800. On the 4th of Jnly of thesaBS
year t1u> steani«'r Minnie fl. was put on the lake at a cost of $32,000, it is about 10D
tons burden, and sinre that time there has been another boat put on at anozpense
i»f about >:l.^^H>. The tirst two boats since tliir first launching have been numiiig
eontinuou.sly fnuu o]>enini; until chtse of navigation each year, bnt^ owing to the
decline in business sinee iss7. they have been run at a great loss. Unless tbsieii
M>niething done to brin;; the boats back 'to the old landing at Devil Lake^ thcj
itni^i be abantloned. murh to the inconvenience of the imblio at large, MCtfamlaity
ih:iT of the f.uiuer residents on the south shore, and to the great linaneUllWioClkt
o^^ncr.
^^HB- APPENDIX B B — REPOBT OF MAJOR JONBS. 2225
*nift fiillavriDg U a correct ro«<iTd of the fteigkt tonniiee. HeermnulluiinrsU'iuneTB,
I>ovU Liilt.-. S. Uiik., for thf ypjirs 1837 to JSift, inclusive:
In INST tlie tmiuiica ftggtPgMfd l,339Aft,H tnns, na foUowB:
Ki I I n!i ...I 1,B35.GI0
! I I .'iiiiii ttkdrr, itnd miacellHneoiia&cight 1U,S11)
^. 100,0m)
i , V 97,0I»
» ~ I ;. I r I r:i.!(^, niid mtBCf Qnneous IVeiglit SCDINI
I»,UW l.unluls wli.nt ." T8ll,OI)0
T*Ul 2,678.130
III IMtl tlio ImBiiMwa fdl) off on Mienntit of low wktw, and not moro than HOO tauB of
nwlKlit wuroTTird. In WHS thf^f^^ightngfl did not cxcund HOC tuna, nnd in ISM tbti ton-
noRn ft>U In nOO tnnii. Frnin 1883, wti«ti tlieru wnit nothiug diinn oti thn lake, the
ftrlK^t tuonn^' and pnucngi^r truffla Htoodily and rupidlf inivcaand CHch sueonaslvo
mHuum, Todi-'hiiii: muKiiuum llgumt 1S87,-ks kbovu mt forth. Since the lutt-nanicd
(tatn, owing uluioiit ciitiruly U) tb« fulHii); of tho luke, the decruuso in tonunse hits
tippu cvo) narn mnrkud tUun w&a tho pteTiuus ratio uf inoreinw, (loc^liiiins from 1.300
I*.n» in tS87 to 300 toiw iu 1890. The numi'ugrr traflli' liud iiteo steadily incronBod in
like raliu from 1883 U> 1887. riftphinc its maKimum figure in 1887, when, in the ab-
atntv at aii> Hp<-i-ial ti-cunl kept, I shonld estimate that we transported fnll.v 3,000
paMrngerB, wiiite during lh<< past wnaon of 1890 w huvc not carried to exceed 1,000
paMtMigeri'. By reuaon uf the low stage of wati^r our Bteamers each year sines 1887
uir« had to Innil at iiupruvised dockn each iti^aauii farther cemofed from tJiii city of
Qevit Lak« Ihau thv |)ntc«ilin); ypM, hu that now £reiehtage and passengeta mnsl be
unuAjK'ili'd I1V \vu),-e|jiti and Stages orer a rough toad aronnd the bay, a ciruiiitoTis
I" . " :i ii, . Ill ilii preaent lauding. Thii nrnterlnlly adds to thu cost of
it niily to IJie ooat hut very greatly to the dlaconilitute
■ lie gpnerally. Ha<l the ' '
. . onauig in volume the bu ...._ .
h year inereaaetl in a ratio similar In the rapid Aey
. BH puhlic gpnerally. Ua<l the waters not re<:eded
iii-itpiidof (levronauig in volume the business of navigation
, . . ._ ,. , , the great inoreaae of population, and the growing
popiitarity (if thu lake aa a summer resort. The city of Devil iJakeis theuatnr^
Ifiwe and tioani'ial craitfir of a vatt tributary region.
I rti»iM''il'nlly Milmiir hiTewilli. hi. I'titnldiHliing the foregoing filets, a few htieflet-
tmn frtiiii -in !•■ [ir-'ii.iii.'iil lui-iin'i.- rii'iiis.
U^j. W. A. JONKS.
Cor^ 0/ £iigi«tert, C S. J.
Dkvii. I.akk, \, Dak., Dtxembcr 10, LViO.
Dear Sir: Sinru thRivntii' in lli'vll I.:ike ha^ fallen so that Htfiuni'rs can not
Ulid nithiii iiboilt 3 uiilc^ ni oiii- \A.n': lh.- travel across thn lake lias givntly diniin-
. i,.h..<l. una i<,ve:irly losing- iU ^1111:1. 1i^ nii'-i ah a summer resiirt.
If ih« l.nvconld be drr;ilf;ci| en :is i.> K-l steamers land near our town, it would add
larirelv to the IriiUlc across Ihi- Inke.
Mosttrnlv,
J. E. Galkiiul'sk.
IF.TrKU OF Mlt. Kl>. I. T. UTAF.DE.
Dkvii. Lakk, N. Dak., December 6, 1890. .
Deak Sir: I am pleiieed to address you in the malti-rof what advunlaEo may ac-
crne to our busincHs inlerexts if navigation on Uevil Lake could lie sci iniproved as
to alio* Nte.iuier* In land in-ar our ejl y. us in ot lier ye:irs, for I couHidpr that ainre t he
iratrr fill to any cinsiitnrable extent in the hike th;it the mi-rciintile business in thia
citj- baa steadily drcreasfd. In my own line of trude, I nin safe in pBtiniiitint: that
in 18M7— when the lake biiDini'xs reai-hed its nuiximnm point— my traile from tha
•obUnndeof thelnke, settlers in Bcuhou, Kddy, and even more remote counties, 1^-
EHG «1 liO
2226 K£PORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. & ABUT.
gregated $10,000, while during the past fanning season less than |500 has come from
that source. In earlier vears the farmers could come in the steamer whithin a lew
squares of our city, and their purchases of machinery and other merchnndise— often of
heavy bulk — were easily loaded on to the boats to Fort Totten, where their own teune *
were in waiting ; whereas now the only practicable way for the south-shore aettlen
to come here fur supplies is to couie over and around the lake, a distance firom 60 to
91 miles, a journey so tedious aud expensive that with very few exceptions they hmr9
discontinued trading here, and trade at their small trading stations. I fonuerly had
a large business alon^j: the Sheyenue River and country tributary to Mimiewaaken,
which trade has all disappeared since the steamboats ceased to make their legrnUr
trips. I consider that with the increased population of the country, that if the boats
were running regularly over the lake and could land at the old dock, I would hare a
business of not less than $2,500 annually from the Sheyenne farmers alone ; as peo-
ple would naturally come here, as they can buy for less money and have bettisr stocks
to assort from than they can find at any of their interior trading points over the lake.
Very respectfully, yours,
Ed. L p. Staxdb.
M^j. W. A. Jones,
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A,
1
LKTTER OF MK8SRS. WARNER A CLRVmJCHD.
Devil Lake, Kovemher gS, 1390,
Dear Sir : In reply to yours of recent date in regard to our i>resent trade and what
it formerly was when the steamers came to the docks of this city, woold say that it
has fallen' off more than 1,000 piT cent. Our trade in ldS&-*S&-*S7 was large, now it
is small in comparison. Taking our lumber, coal, and machinery which used to mn
up in the thousands have dropped into hundreds, and below that even. We know
our trade would increase over the above percentage now if the steamers conld lamd
at our docks.
Kosprt'T fully, yours,
Capt. K. E. Hekrman.
Warner &, Clexelaxsk
LETTER OF MF.SSR8. C. A L. BCDDE.
Devil Lake, N. Dak., Deeember t, 1890^
Dear Sir: Since about 2 years ago the water in Devil Lake has receded neaily
out of the bay so that steamboats land so far away from our town that it has dam-
aged our trade considerably.
I came here in the s])ring of 1883. From that time until the fall of 1888, when the
firm of C. & L. Budde dissolved, we had considerable trade from south of Devils
Lake and from along the Shoycnne River. Farniers were seen every day in onr town.
I think and believe that in the time mentioned, 4 to 5 years, when* boats bTOOffht ns
the trade to our dock at tlit^ head of the bay, that during that time C. A L. Bndde
sold at least far over $75,000 worth of lumber, machinery, and general merohandise
across the lake.
Since the year 1888 there is so large a falling off from the trade across the lake,
which is mostly due to the low water, havhig to haul goods about 3 miles to thenear^
est boat lantliiig, also the sanu^ trouble in landing on the other side of the lidce. We
wish something eonld be done t-o improve navigation; our lake filled witii water
again would benefit our country and people.
Yours, triilv, C. & L. BUDDB.
C. BUDDS.
Maj. W. A. ,loNK.s,
Corjint of Knfjinccrs, U. S, A.
LETIF.K OF MK. £. J. CUAMBERLIir.
Devil Lake, N. Dak., December S, 1890,
Dear Sir: In the matter of our lake and the proposed dretlgiug of hay, I notice
that in the years when boats lande<l in the town we had a bnsiness of $5,000 to$7y000
from the country south of the lake, through dealers and at retail, wmoih hM d^
APPENDIX BB — RKPOST OF MAJOR JONES, 2227
L
^nnsMd to about 30 to 35 per <'E<nt. of former uoouDt, sud from no other oause than
^Pv* in»cocwibilitj' of our maiknt unilcr present uoncUtioii of the water. The trade of
H.'Oni town hiiH inrressed generjiUy in other dirertions, and jyiiai of from this soiircf.
Devil Lake ia and al^afi bus heitn tbn t'ommercial o<»it«r of this whole northwcul
etmutXT from Datnml location and sorro'indingB, and it becomoM aii nnfortiuiute miit-
t«r to And our oppoTtimitiea diiiiinieh from a. tauBp to be ri-mcdied, bnt not by oiir-
•Innp. Bi'iUE the only tihi'et of water of any iDU);nitiid<> iu thu Stnto, if tnnde
ih|p, we wiil find ourBelvea a suimuor resort for the whole State.
P
E.J. ClUMiiiclu.u
Drvil Lakk, N, Dak., nmimhtr 17, isao.
DULK Sir : I would My in rugurd to the position thnt wo am in hero on apronnt of
loir water in our bay preTenting Bleambont nuvigution to the city, that it ha« bonii
and will bo a great ilvtriment to iis unless suniolniiig ia done To mjrsnlf personally
it baa not only caiisi^ me a griMit de^il of extra expense, hut also int^onvoniejire. I
■lo bnaiaewi at Fin-t Tott«n as well as here. While the steamboala ran up to the dty
I oonld ill Iho waTDiest wenthfr run my nioota over to supply Fort Totten. Now!
have t<i drive my Mook '10 inilrH and keep extra help al the tort.
Hoping! noioetliiDg will be done to help us out of tliifl (tiffionlty,
I remain, yours, respect fnlly,
F. W. COCKBURX.
LETTRR OP HISSRS. 80DTII A KBLI.Y.
Dbvu, Lakf, N. Dak., Dtcembtr 17, ISOO.
Dkar Sir: In Tegard to the loss in trade from the south side of the lake since the
Hti'anier has been unable to get uij to tlie dork, we c;in say that we formerly sup-
plied that whole country with hiiTdw.iri', also the post trailers at Fort Totten; but
sinre Ibo Imat Iinn harl to lan<1 4 iir T> miles from this place wo have lost all the traile
we had on tlic Houtb side of the Inki', which amounted to several thousand dollars
a y>>ar. The peo])le on thiit siiie of tlie lake would trade here if lliero was any way
ihcy i*nnl<t j^et over here iiuil ^et their goods buck without too much uxpcnso, und wo
would have had no dilTti.'ulty in gutting tlieir trade if the boat could land at the dock-
Respect Alii y,
SouTU &, Kelly.
APPENDIX C C
PRELUtrXAKYEXAMlNATIONOFMlSSOlTEIRrVEH, PROM THE OLD MOUTH
OF THE PLAriE KIVER, LITTLE I'UIST, TO A POINT OPPOSITE THE
CITY OF I.EAVF.NWORTH. ALSO OF THE RIVER AT THE CITY OP WES-
TO)f. Missorni, with a view of returnino said Rivi'm to its
ASCIENT CHANNEL, ANi» THE llKfiT PLAN OF ACCOMPLISHING TliE
SAME.
Missouri Eites Commission,
Office of the President,
St. Louis, 3f«., April 39, 1891.
GEIfERAl.: In accordance with your instructioiiH of September 24,
JSOn. 1 hiivt.' the hooor to forward herewith a map of the MiHMouri River
Irwm Port VVillJaui, Kans,, to Parkviile, Mo,, which covers the two por-
tions of the river assigned to me for examination, viz:
Hiiwouri River, &om the old utniith of the I'latte River, Little Point, to a point
ojipusit-c tbo citv of Leiiveriiviirtli. Also of the river at the citv of Weston, Mo.,
with :i view of rcturuiux Biiiil rivrv toitsaiiiLciLt chiimml, ilnd tli^ Im^xI pl;iQ of accoia-
l.ti,-hinK tlniHauic.
Tliis rei«>rt has been lichiyt'il till tlie map of a resiirvey of the Mis-
M>Hri liiver, inaile last iUll, liiHiune available.
L'iMJii the im'losed nia|i 1 have indicated the extent and general char-
acter of the work ncedi'il tn iriipiove the river thoroughly over the des-
ignated jwrtion, and in tlie i^ise of Weston to restore the old channel
past the town, the work in botJi cuseM ctmforming to the practice gen-
erally followed on the Jlissoiiri Itivcr, and embracing both permeable
dikes for coutracting and fixing the chauuel and bank revetments. The
propijsed lines of rectification are .shown by broken lines, the dikes pro-
posed bv solid lines, and the pro^wsed bank revetments by the letters
B, R', R', etc.
The e.stimated costs are as follows, viz:
(1) Improving Mi asouri Kivar from the old month of the Little Platte River
(about 1 mila above Piirkvillu) to a point opposite the city of Leaven-
worth $800,000
(2) Improving tlie Missouri Itivcr at the city of WcBton, Mo., with a view
to returning saiil river to iu anri.'nt channel 384, 000
With reganl to the first item of work it may be said that it forma a
part of the systematic impruvonent of the Missouri Biver, and should
2229
2230 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
not be considered apart fi.om it. There would .be no advantage
ferred on navigation by work done here till the improvement is
pleted to Kansas City. No boats run above Kansas City at preaenb
The second item is of doubtful utility in any case, and would bet
work of great difficulty and expense. At present there is no naiigft-
tion here, nor prospect of any, so that the deprivation of its river law
ing is not likely to work much injury to the town of Weston. No ftppn*
priation is recommended in either case.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Ghas. E. Sutbr,
Lieut Col. of Engineer€j
President Missouri Hirer CommimiaiL
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey;
Chief of Engineersj U. S, A,
[Second indorsoment-.]
lilissouBi BivEB Commission,
8t. LouiSy Mo., May 5, i89i.
EespectfuUy returned to the Chief of Engineers, XJ. S. Army.
The localities named are not (considered worthy of improvement
Chas. E. Suteb,
LieuU Col, of I!ngineer9j
Fresident Missouri Eiver CommtMJM.
.M>
Eng9
APPENDIX D D.
IMPROVEMENT OF MISSOURI RIVER ABOVE SIOUX CITY, IOWA, AND OP
YELLOWSTONE RIVER, MONTANA AND NORTH DAKOTA.
REPORT OF CAPTAIN CHARLES F. POWELL, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFI-
CER IN CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1891, WITH
OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS.
IMPROVEMENTS.
1. Missouri River between the Great
Falls, Montana, and Sioux City,
Iowa.
2. Yellowstone River,
North Dakota.
Montana and
EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEYS.
3. Tongue River, Montana, with a view
of determining the practicability
and approximate cost of straight-
ening the channel of said river, im-
mediately west of Miles City and
north of the Northern Pacific Rail-
road track.
4. Yellowstone River, Montana, from its
mouth to the mouth of Tongue
River.
6. Missouri River between Sioux City,
Iowa, and Fort Beuton, Montana,
including the part of the river A:om
the mouth of the Big Sioux River
to the north line of the State of
South Dakota.
Engineer Office, United States Army,
SioiLX City^ lotca, July 6, 1891.
General: I have the honor to transmit herewith reports upon the
river improvements in my charge for the year ending June 30, 1891.
Very respectfally, your obedient servant,
Chas. F. Powell,
Captain J Corps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineersy U. 8. A.
2231
1
^2232 REPORT OF TUK CHIEF OF £NOINEERS, U. 8. ARMY. f-
DD I.
IMrKOVKMKNT OF MIS.^OURT RIVKR BETWEEN THE GREAT FALLS,
MONTANA, AN1> .SlOl'X CITY, IOWA.
Tliis wDik liatl bocMi iiiuler the eoiitit)! of the ^lissoiiri Eiver Commis-
sion. Ill coninliaiiro with onlei-s, I n^coived charge of the work !Novem-
luT 21>. ISOO. • ■
The i)rt)jeet of iminovtMiHnit t\w\\ in fence coiislstiHl in ooutrnction
works aiul (lreil«riH^^ iit the bars on tlie riH'ky river, viz, from Fort
lieiitoii to Carroll, .Mont., about I<i8 n)ih»s. A iletaiUnl survey through-
out the whole reach, about ],.'>(M> miles hui*;:, was also in propres:?.
Sna^iiin^r work on the sandy river, that from Carroll to Sioux City, had
been r*'connn<Mided but not commenced. No work had been pntposed
\'vou\ Fort r>enton, the head of navigation, to the foot of the Great Falls.
about 40 miles.
At tlu^ b(^«:innin»r of the year the vessels and other plant belongiu^
on the rocky liver were laitl up from want of ftinds, having l>eeii
hauled out on the bank at the end of the previous sea.son; the fieM
work of the trianjiulation between river blutts had been eompletod; the
l)rimary levels earried from an assumed base at Fort Benton to Trovew
Toint, -.">- miles, and the topograjdiy and hydit>gi'ai)hy run from Ben-
ton to Coal Banks, which part of the siu'vey was being extended by a
field i)arty. This party closed work for the season at Wolf Pointy Mon-
tana, .*^S2 miles from Ihniton, and also set and ran the oixlinary levels
to i)ermanent benches from Trovers to Wolf Point. The river suwey
from Benton to Coal r>anks had been niapi)ed in five charts, seale
1 :lL*0(M), and on one chait. scale 1 inch to 1 mile,
During th(» year and since November computation and adjustment
of the triangiilation were c(nnpleted at the oftiee of the Missouri River
Commissifui, with some aid from funds in my hands. The other field
work has been reduced at this olHce, antl two series of itiaps pnijected,
one of preliminary charts, s(»ale 2 inches tt) 1 mile, and the other detail
charts, scale 1 inch to 4(M) feet. The preliminary cUarts, 8 in number,
friHu Benton to Wolf Point, were comidettHl in pencil; charts Nos.1
and 2 were trace<l and blue printed. The <letail charts, 63 in numbeff
and covering the same leach, wt»re plotted in pencil and their shore-
lines and contours inked: soundings, elevations, and -names of places
were printed on the .*>0 charts from Coal Banks to Ti*overs and the topo-
grai)hi<al signs on the tirst 7 of this set. It is expected, with funds in
hand, to tinish the two series of maps to the end of the pi'esent season's
liehl work and to ])ublish the detail charts by photolithography, reduc-
ing the seale one third; below the mouth t)f the Yellowstone the scale
of the charts is to be I inch to (»(H) feet, reducing one-fourth tliereftom
in ]mhli(ation.
It is ;ilso expected to carry this season the last of the field work to ft
]joiiit below hismarek, X. Dak. Two large hydrographic and topo-
graphi«" parties were ready on •lune IM) to take the field, one commenc-
ing at Wulf Point and the other about TH^ miles beh»w WiUiston, N.Dak.
The ]nimary levels wen» run from Trovers to Poplar, and rerun from
Coal l»anks \o Trovers, where they had not ju'eviuusly been duplieated
and wh«-n* there seemed to be need of a checking up.
The lleet belonging to the roeky river improvement was thoroughly
repaired and launched: the dreilge boat was lengthenwl to decrease its
ilraft and more j»owerful steam capstans added: jiew capstans werealao
l)iit on the t(>wboat Josvphuw, and the small steamer Jr*ff to Joe lengfli-
encd; part of the old barges, which were badly worn and decaycKl and
..J
t*^©'— EEPOKT Of CAPTAIN POWELL. 2233
vcff Uw large, wei-e broken up, and .good i»arts, witli new iniitfl-riiil,
workotl into hc<)ws of moru cinivfiiiciit nizu and dr;if't.
Tli« ilam» at ilakerH Bar, EvanH Bar, and Fonta.uelle Bar were cwt-
«iicml»Iy repaiiort and extended; I'urtlierexteusion is required at Bakflis
Bar and rook Itallant on dams of the Fontauelle system; aft«r doing
that it lit ex[>e(^t«<d, with funds in liand, Ut continue the repairs to prw-
ent dmnD, working downstream, and ti^ Mild new works for conti-an-
tioa «f water way and for holding up the water below rapids, and to
drcdce at tlie womt plae,es an Iav jus Judith, S7 mileR from Benton.
Tu earry ont the pi'oJe<tt in the application of the pnw^ent appropria-
tinn for anagging, etc, and temporary improvement at Idie worst bar
irJiannpltt on the sandy river, a fidly eqiupi>ed snag boat and a snag
Hcow, both of sti?('l linllH, have been built, and will be ready for service
in a few weekrt and aa soon as present liigh watci suhsiilos. The boats
hre to work principally hptwet'n Sioux City himI liiiilinlil, about 850
ini]i>«4 up streiim; the «t«in!fr •/HSfpftino is to bi- rintlut liiiid for pull-
ing snags and wmoving other obsfnictionw, ami "ill Willi; iVoTii (larroll
ti> Uerthold an soon as she •■uu ln> spiin-d Irmii ]lw [■o.'k,\ I'iviT.
KxaniinatiuUM were matlefor tin' svli'ili.in ol'^ilrs liii' I\m. ii'<' UiU'lKU'S,
coiiteuiidatod in tlie appropriiitjim -.h-LiukI iwo crrtiiiu jiLirfH rtH-om-
mended for that purix'"*". H '^ innimsi'd l.> iiminivi- tln'sn iiliu.'c» for
the harbors »« may b« mdtied.
Th« pro|>oiHKl u]>pli('ation of tho iiiipropriutioa asked lor ItS'j:) is as fol-
lows:
Cranpliitjcni of tlio ri»ot survyy ami jiiililicution of mnpa *71, 497
CnntuiiMtJDiiof wDrlci>utlinru4-kTrivi>r 25,000
Opcnrtion of muiik Ixiut* »ntl ttMniHtrary iiiiiirDvi*m(nit Dt tlis wont bun nn
iIm MDd;^ river 50,000
B«ctilicalluii of t1i« rivral uikI iicur l>l<>rn> urid Ynnbtoii, K. Pnk I5(r, COO
Total 209,497
The object of the hitMidcd w»n'k at Pierre and Yaukton is to it-claim
the «teamlM>at landings. Tin- hiiiditij; iit Vanktoii luis been mined and
the one at Pieire iTiJured by ii shilling of the clianiiel to flu; opjiosite
side and a consequent extensive lilling ahmg llic iivi'r fiimts of th*i
towns. Tlie works would be useful in a siibsequeiit ix'niiaiient im-
provement of the river channel; in any plan liir that the river frout.s of
the more Important towns ought to be controlling elements where prac-
ticable, an it is in the cases named.
It i« recommended that the estiiuate for the removal of snags, wi^ecks,
and other obstmctlons and for teniporary inipi-ovement at the shoalcst
channels be made as a separate appropriation, and in order that the
work may be uninterrupted that the appropriation l>e made continiions,
the name as for the uiH-ratiou of snag boats and dredge boats on the
Upper Mississippi, and for the operation of snag boats on the Lower
3fiKsissippi and Ohio Eivers, as pmvided in thejiver and harbor acts
of 1(488 and 1890.
Money xtiiti-ment.
Amoant approiiri)it<^il bv act iip|.ruveil Si'iitciiilH-r 19. 1890 $300,000.00
JuiieSO, 1891, amount e3tpcu.lfa iliiiiug fi.-riil yiMr" 3:!, 1IK(.89
Jiilv 1, 1891, lialuuw iiiicx(]fii<l.-il i;C7,»%.ll
July 1, 1891, uiLtBtuiiclmKliiLliLliti.-s *IJ. l.-.il. TT
July 1, 1891, iimoiiiiloovemi l.v uiLr<iiii|il.l- I . unliMits.. . . :,Xq:u.-27,
65,517.02
Jnly 1,1891, balance nvailiilik a(«, 379. 0!)
-CzGlii>tiv«areii>eii<litiiresrruLja l.:ilaiui-9 in liiiuiU of Missouri Uivur CuuiiuieBiou.
2234 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
I Aiuouut K'dtiniated) requirod for couipletion of exbtin^ project |S0^49i.<W
i Amount that can be profitably exi)eudea in fiscal year ending J ime 90,1888 300^000.99
I Submitted in compliance >vith requirements of sections 2 of river aad
t harbor acts of 1806 and 1867.
Jhsfraci of proposals for charier of light'draft towhoalfor improring Jf?MOirH JKnr,ri^
vviri'd and opened June IS, 18^1, by Capi. Ckas. I\ Powefl, Corps of Emftmeen,
No.
1
o
l^ome uid address of bidder.
Name of timaatt.
5
6
I
8
I
Southern Tranf«pf>rtatinii and hnnilwr Co.. St. Loais, Mo j Little Eagle, Xo. 3 .
£. W. Diinuit and K. J . W li.fl.r. Stillwati-r, Minn I K. J. Whraler
John M. Turner. Mandan. N.Dak I AbnnrO'NMl
Ci RiiaebiMl
\ '. lUit4rlielor
4 I l8aacP. Baker. Bismarck. X. Dak *.
Grant Marsh. St. Louis. Mo ■ It. A. Speed
V. A. Bitfolow. La Cn.»8St\ Wis ' JeiwieB
Scott !& w alhuv. Pmluoah, Ky Iliawiitbii
George Ifays. St. l^lu^ Minn.' Mike I>a\i«
liaaMr J
1
1&«
as
9km
«.«
mil
* At rato of ll.a^O iM>r niontlu or at that rate \\t day if delivered above, and $5 per daj addttioMltf
delivorcd below Oiuaim, Nebr. Award inmle tu Iiinac P. Baker f<ff ateamer Uo$tbui.
REPORT OF MR. II. C. GOULD, ASSISTANT EXGIXEER.
U. S. Steamkr Josephine, Jmmt 19, ML
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report of the season's opeifttlQBito
June :^0. 1891 :
Htpairs to dams. — This work i-onimoneed April 7 at Fontanelle Bttr. In the ehntt
on the loft side the bank had been cut away, taking off 48 feet of the outer end of
dam No. 4 and in places the to]) of the dam was washed out; on dam No. 9 bobs
brush and «rr:ivol were waslird nil' the top.
Tho washed out places were re tilled by brush fascines, weighted with grmTsl ii
sacks, and the whole len;^th covered with loose fcravel. A new part was built staitr
inf; Irom a point on No. i, 100 feet from the bank and extending to near the end of
dam No. 5. This part is 172 I'eet lon^, averages 2 feet deep, and 20 feet wide at boit-
tom; it was built in tlie usual manner, viz, laying brush fascines, about 1 foot in di-
ameter; stakin*; them linuly to the bottom and ballasting with gravel in sacks and
covering the whole with loose j^vavel.
The foUowiui: material and labor were used:
Stakes number .. ir>8
Fascines do 4L*i)
Gravel sacks . . 543
Gravel yards.. 9K
Labor d^ys.. 100
At dam Xo. 1 was a deep cut around outer end and some holes were
through the dam. A new piece 3(.> iVct long was built from near outer end of thedaa
to the ishuid as tar l>eh>w its head as practicable; abont 10 feet of this was 9 fM
deep, the rrst :ivrra!;iii>; U tret deep. The holes in the old part were filled.
There wer«' usrd here:
Stakes number . . 10 Gravel
Poles do .'><) 1 Gravel
Fasciiu's <lo 170 I Labor
yards.. W
d^ys.. fl
At dam Xo. '2 a deep hole had been worn by an eddv on the lower side at nppsKSBli
the wearing wa^^ sto]iped by placing itX) sacks gravel in and around ITmi hnin^ MMialfi
iuiX 21 dav.s" labor.
i.>n May 4 the dani-buildin*; party was established in cnmp at Bakers Bar. Iki
(dd dam here was con>ider:ibly washed out in places along the top. Hie endntBrfl^
laud was threatened by euts o\\ Itoth sides and at the island end a widecut liad hsn
made. A \ery stroiiir current was running over the whole dam. Tbehigjh gnffd
dike thrown u]> by the dredge in 1JS8!* across the head of the chute had "
all washed awjiy.
Work was ioiiiuieiierd at the mainland end; mats were built of brosh
poles, on a lar«;e bari^e. launched from the barge, and sunk along the dam by gnffd
in sa«'k.s and by roek. Th«' bar;xe was held by long lines reaching up the stream lisi
was moved along the erest of the dam by lines from capstans on each end of Ifet
barge to the ui.-iinlaud and island res)>ectively. As the work progressed, UOftHtif
the outer end of the old dam was washt^l away and a large hole was oat in its piM
for about 120 feet; the part of the old dam which remained, SSOIeet long.
fl^Hwtt D D— REPORT OP CAPTAIN POWELL. 2235 ^^1
i1 riooi If- vud uew wMk was put in for 40<> (••vt. iMttimliuji well up uu tho
Ii- frwls WIT" Miotuugbly piof ertod.
ioIb work noa woll ballasted wilb rook brought woully troiu tli« L» Barge
J&duIm below. Thero wuceiuudoD tliiadam:
nnmber.- 284 1 Kouk yards.. 428 1
do,,.. 941 Luthyam coilB.. ij
sacks.. 3,324 1 Labor <l»y».- 632 i
ri) ws« iii..vod to Evan* Bar June 2B, and work.etflrt«rt on the Jiirge diuo Iht.re,
appuiua tv bt> in good ronditiou, none of it bt<uig wuMhud away, but the
ial new work and exteoil the other end wull up ou the island, requiring about
tiirw.
Lpectml that tl>i« will complete the repuii's to duDS above the Uoiias River.
mirk.— A dike of lava rook appeuis in the hills at Senieui Beach, 16 mlks
iDton. Some rock for the diunH h»d been tiikon from here lu pmvions sea-
c sluicing uuttil vriu tuTimgal with a liirgis pump and mutcriiU on hiuid; bow-
be muted with much hard siuid. und the suirouiidiite innliiial proved much
1 retaove than was eipe^lad, so the phwe was uljan.loued. A trip was then,
the Jotephinc to oiamine the led™ about 20 miles above Bentjin. Theso
nd to be of a sandstone, much of It too soft fur use; on this accouut, and aa
ahuvo Benton is very difliinlt to navigate with a steamer as lurgt- as the
, owing to the rapids and uhnrp turns, etc, it was decided to use tbel.a Barge
.f here roJk had been obtained in previous eeasoDS: this fs a hard, heavy,
(a rock, and about 460 yards wore already qnarried. ILis .unonnt wiis uearly
by June 15, and a party of7 uii-n and a cook waa left there in camp to break
lowing list shows tb« rock handled, where obtained, and whoro delivered:
yaids. Where from.
Wtim>a»BToitd.
BakenBu.
Da.
Eviu Bar.
(LoadlOKDiillHlLl
ry respectfully, your ohodii-nt
Table
of
iialano
u/ruiii niirr .'iiif^y.
I'lnieii.
Iwnk^
,1 pu™.
Miilwny
bsDks.
.n llfi'li:<-
!l
iiSSSiS:.!:::::::::::::::::::::-
■ Opiili.tm.IL.iii.line
1 li.-.-..I..r<ir;.n.ilH].-.H.l
.; Il<'.i.l ..fTnuCalf Island
! Hn.'kv I'l.iiit
Mila.
I.iwl.'v iHlniid Cnt-.ir
SiS'EfiS':!-';::;;:::::
■vm'.'. '.'.'.
za.i
I.il.l..l)r>c™fk
. I>rv F.irk
. G«Il.in St^liyn^.j^^^^^^^
,M.."ti."fKi'kiiiv«r":.;:;: ..::::;.;;"
Sa:::.:;::::
M7.a
387.1
''
2230 REPOKT OF THK CHIKF OF ENGIKEERS, U. S. AHHT.
OiMMrilClAl. STATISTICS.
Tliroo iMiats oi iVniii 'J\ to V* tVii dral't \vhi>ii loadod. arc riitiiiiux on the rive^
tMi^:i;r,.,i nMi>i]y in r:in\viii«; nicn-liaiiiliso ami :>u]i]tlies tniiu Situix i'ity. llertv. aiiA
l^isinari-k to tlu* iiii]ii:ii-\ ]Mi>ts and Iii«li:ni ag(Mu-ies from Sioux i'ity to BertlioM,X.
l>ak.. aiitl To .Imiirii and Fort Itciihui. Mont., ami iu oolleotiiig j;;raiD, 'vrool^poUh
Toes, hides. lM>iit^<. rtt .. I'nr dt-livery uT railroad lamliu^rs, ami in carrying pasMnigcn
and live stork. •
Some of the ^inall !'• ii,\ lioat^. ii i*^ l^'UeM-d. oooaMoiinllv earry loads for short di«-
i:iiii-«<i ntt iliiir \\-\i\ iiiiii«>«. Imit (if wliirh only ]iart nToril is available.
riitii' is lilt ::i ti4 1i' III' hra\ > tiatlir lar<;r]y tr.in*«]M»r(ed. A little prtkspert esijttii
Thai ori> frmii tin- )iar! %^{' Montana south of tin* rivrr and tributary to it uiav be
i-arrird on }ioat> to Kansas i'ity. The li;;nite eon I uf North Dakota, veins of wliicli
(-ro]i «*ut on till- river ahov«' Hi^niaivk. may in the futurt« Ite oarrio<l by boats to tke
Town< Im-Iow i;i^niari-k. Tlu' river hortoms are fertile and when settled and fsnned
Avill douhTli's^ « a;;sr an at tivt' tratlii- on th»» river between railroad points. There
art' w«iiks at Yj.i.ktun prodm-in^ a Portland ivnient wlioi«e tests are eqnal to thoM
of Fni^lish :iii<l (•! inian Portland rmimts. The material for the Yankton cement.
i-halk-stoni'. and «-lay abound in laru*' (inantitics ami are said to show at pl.ioe»oi
the river above and ludow Yankton : the rhalk rertaiiily crops out fh)m the rirer
Idntfs. and it <eein^ thnr the eement industry, at least at Yankton, should W extea-
eive. and th«- eeuu-ui shi]»]ted down the rivrr to Sioux City. Omaha, and other eitiet.
Tlie Tiinna>xe amounts tabulated below do m>t inelnde ferria^^e businesa:
liinr lotntintc htiirtt'n Sioux i'iiv ciwrf Bismarck.
1SS7
1SS>
1N.V>
Jut}r,*:n Jiitmftrtk uiid Fort BcHton,
1SS7
lS.v>-
INVJ
. 2;l»
/.'#*'f •• frntHi' Utr /.v»".
Sioux CiiN li» r-isn..t:> 'r\
r.i>ui.ni k til Ki'it r.!j|i»iil
• Milit.iry :uiil li'ili.iu ^.:i':»l'i < :ii» i- !:.'!:i}i-i ^i.iiii.
» (ir.iiii. mi'reli;u:tiNi . rS'iir Ti r«l. biiul"-'. .
■ ^l• '. ■!••■.!■: i -I \* I ■•1. ".I-.
aud bulk
fsL'isht.
t2.467
:i.l24
Lht
■toA
.Vo. ! HMi,
\xa\ 41
63: a
I
D D 2.
IMlK'MM.Mr.M' nr vr.F.LOWSTnM: KIVKK. MONTANA AND NORTH DA-
KOTA.
Tlii> w»)rk was trnnsu*m'il ti» nu* l»y MaJ. W. A. Jonos, Cori^sof B^
_itnMis. OctolM r 17. 1S!M».
N»» o|Miaiii»iis wtTt^ romliu-toil ^hiring tin* \i\\\\ fxropt a preliminBiy
t'xaiiiiiiaiioii injiiiiiMl \\\ a ]>rovisioii in tlu* a*'t of Sopteiiiber 10,1^
'riir pr«>irrt nt" iiniirovt'iririii is siis|mmmUmI in ordor that the whd*
niaiTiT iiiiulit 1m' vr]»nrt4'tl \u i'oii;L:n'>s, and lor reasons given in App^
di\ X L' Xo x\\v Annual K«'iM»rr nt" 1SS7. hy Capt. C. B. Sears, Corp«»
Knuinri'is.
Thf aiipioiniati<»n asktil t'or is<j^;is lor imK'uriiic a phmt fiv dred^
. I
■KEPOBT OF CAPTAIN POWELL. 2237
d dtticiiig at tLe bais on the river lielDw Gli-adive, to be used
irer stcainboating ou the litin- shall hv resumed, as it is likely to
year.
Money statement.
LBOO, tialsTicv mi expanded $11,0211.45
ItStl, mmoHiit cxiiended during fiarul yv»t- HSO.ffi
Iffil. bslMiiw anexpiinited _ lI.TOe.aO
L8ai, ontNtADdtng QaMlitifs .■ .71
iPitl, UUnre KVaUable 11,705.19
nt (cMtimuIcil) n^qufrcdfor completion nf cKistiiig t>nijec't 106,000.00
iitUiat<iimlHinrutit.ab1;'uxpciide(liiiliRoulyeiu'i'n(tiugJnuL'30,lg93 30,000.00
ilted In i!«in)i11uuce with reqiiireuioiite of seutious S of rivei and
K>r acts of latit! nud 1S67.
[. STATlB'nCH.
M no BtsBinboatiiiK nn tbo rivpr; a 1iri»k truffln fomiDrW osisMI, vhiob
H I8S) after th« Northern Puciltc Kiiilruud prutrtrntod Uontana. Below
n thnre in no riulroad in the YoUowuluuu ViiUc.v, and no prospupt of thotu
ly. PrunpRulii exist for coinpetiuj; mil Hups to reach IliKiiiDrrk or ItnTtbold
t oiuit anil whir'li woulil jirobiibl.v une the riven ubove for fet-dcfs. Witbotit
un the Yeltowxtoue l>(>low <J1<'ii<ilve, trnnsportaUou hero mcMm n jfxgnn
null froni fileuiliTe. or ti hiiiI from n point on the Oreat Northern mud und
anoiM tho UiHHuuri Rivrr. TM< niUrnnd, coming from the east. strikM thn
ion ilA Dortti »ide at Wi1li^f»ii \'. li^il. ■ ■ --■ ■ -
uwotone. and agxin at Furl i:.,i<<.>i. >i
m febonid, nalfifiitly, b<' I"
itnl to Ibt- Oreal Nortlieni i > <
«»ui, HA Rortbild <irBi!tiji:ir>-l' ' j' II' . r.,:: iiri.' from the eust miij' terminntn.
U a li»" nf mif tlBiiisiitd almij; iiii' riv.-r iniiri its mouth up, and a 6ta|;« anil
d ftoxD Bliford toOIcndivp.
rea of land below Olendive iind hotwutn hlufta is about 200 square miles, of
ome tvo-thirds in bultom and the remainder first bench land. The Juno
e rarely coTera the bottoms, but nt places Ibey are frequently aiibiiicrfred
iprilig breakups bv biick n-nlc-r finm ice (riiruc.s.
Ition on bottom nut! bi'Dcb hin.l^ is ]ir,.lin.' until nbout tbe c-u<I nf .lunr, wli.-n
months comnn-ucp. Witliout riiin nr iiiif;:ttiipii iHriiiiiif; is cuit of Ibi- ours-
he hot sun of .lillv ami Aufi"*! "hilf daniiit;in^' vci;etati<.n cures the luxnr-
s«. making liiilritiuun loud Ini^ hffur'k. Crazin;; i» thercfnru the preseul piin-
In'rse as barrels utii! liojtRheaiifl hiive l>i-c-n Neon on the burs or iilnnt; Ibo
The coal is apparently us good as that mined in eastern Moutuua or Uakotu.
D D3.
IINAKY KXAMINAIIUX OF TONGUE RIVER. JIONTANA, WITH A
■ OF I'ETKlJMIMNtJ Till: 1'RA(-1H;.\1!H,1TY ANH AITROXIMATK
OF sTKAKiHTKMNf; TFIK ClIANNICl. OK SAIH RIVER IMMKIU-
V IVESTOF.MII.KSCITV AND KOKTH OF THE NORTIIEHN PACIFIC
KUAIl T1{.\CK.
[Prinlrd m Il^iisp lOj. Iti^s >". IIW, iiflj-flrHt Criiign«fl. serond bt-siod.]
Ol'FU'K Ol' TIIK ClllKF OF EXGIXEKUS,
United States Army,
ll'««/((«i/M«, i>. C, Decmber 23, 1800. ■
I have the luinfir ii\ submit the jiceoiiiiiiiiivinB co|>v of repiirt
leeemberit, ]S!HM»yr;i|)t.<'liiu-Iesl--. ri>«fli.'C..r|.sof EiLf;iin-.Ts,
retiultii oi pitiliiiiiiiary oxaminatiuii of ''TuuytiG River, Mou-
2238 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENOINEEBSy U. &
tana, witli a view of determining the practicabilily a i approxunaAB
cost of straightening the channel of said river immediately west of IGki
City and north of the Northern Pacific Railroad track," madetooon*
plv with requirements of the river and harbor act approved Septembtr
11), ISIHL i
It is the opinion of Captain Powell and of the Division Engineer ^
Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, that the locidity la not w«ffiBiy€f
improvement, in which opinion I concur.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen.^ Chief of Engineen.
Hon. Rkdfielp Proi'Tor,
/Secretary of War.
RKPORT OF CAPTAIN CHARLES F. POWELL, CORPS OF ENGI1VBER&
Bis^iARCK. N. Dak., JDeeember 9, 1890.
General: I have the honor to repoit, from a preliminary ezamiiia-
tion which I made, that "' Tongue River, Montana^ with a view of de-
termining the i)rartioability and approximate cost of straightening the
dianuol of said river immediately west of Miles City and north cil flM
Northern Paoitic Railroad traok,'^ is not^ in my opinion, worthy of im-
provement.
The river is not navigated, and there is no present prospect dT ito
being navigated. It empties into the Yellowstone Biv^r near Miki
City and about 80 miles above Glendive, Mont. An existing prqieet
for the improvement of the Yellowstone from Olendive to its moirtk
is suspended. The Yell(»wstoue, before its valley was penetrated by
the Northeni Pacilie Railroad, was navigated to above the Tongue
River; there has been no st4.'amboating on the Yellowstone since 1882.
The diflieulty at ]^liles City is thatTongne River norUi of the raiboad
track is cutting its bank in an already deep bend on llie side of die
mnnieipality, and its eontinuanee will seri<msly endanger private prop-
erty, as it already does a small tract controlled by the city; tlie river
forms the eastern lH>undary of the Fort Keogh military reservalioDy
and the citizens desire that a eut-ofi'bc made on the reservation side.
The Government has a right of way over the smaJl tract tefemd tO|
and maintains a ferry aeross the river at that i)oint for the use of Fort
Keogli. A stoppage of tlie bank cutting would render nnnecessaiy a
shifting of the ferry aneliorages and road making up a 15 or 20 foot bank
from time to time: the prevention of this small work is the only pahKe
convenience which would be subserved by the stoppage of the bank
cutting and river shifting.
Appended is a letter trom (^olonel Swaiue, commanding Fort Keo^
in ansAvcr to an inquiry from mv in this connection.
Very respectfuliy. your obedient servant^
Ghas. F. Powbul,
Captain^ Corps of Sngiimn.
Krig. Gen. Thomas L. Casky,
Chief of Kntfineers, F. S. A.
rrhnnigh (^)I. (). ^I. Toe. Ciaps of Knginecrs^ Division Eng^ineeryBoryh
west Division.)
II APPENDIX D U — REPORT OF CAPTAIN POWELL. "2239
' (Fint lDiloTaou«iI.}
, U. 8. Emginbee Office,
\ Detroit, December 19, 1890.
Bespect.AiUy forward«i to thtt otiice ut'tlie Obief ot'Engiueers.
r coiicur ill the opinion of Captain I'owell as liemn expresHod, that
e channel of Tonii^ue River. Moiitima, iimiitMliatelf west of Miles Cit]^
and noiili of the northern Pacific Railruud trtutk, ie not worthy of im-
provemviit by the General Goverument.
O. M. PoE,
Cohnel, Corps of Engineers^
i» Dirimim Engineer^ Nvrthwimt Divimm.
l''OKT KxoGH, Most., OotoJier 10, 1890.
8ib: In rvfily to your fitvor of tho ISth iiictiiiitl bnve the honor to inform you th»t
Ii«Ub«>T ihn Ftrautiteuing of tlie Toiignu Itivrrchunnel nor the improvement for navi'
ntioB at thn YellowstoQo would be boncHviiLl to the tmuportation or other iacilitiea
ofUvopMt.
I prmiinu the work proponiMl on Tonsui.' Kiver ia in the ititerest of the town of
Mriiv Citf, a* tlio bank on Ibnt side of toe strunm is ^raUuullv wushing, and I hare
nlKUr - ' " " ■ ■ ' '^* " -t- .. - — .. .. -'■■ ■
tKlrntooil the snbjccl '
I'u) brought to the iiltvutiou of the pro
iu Washington by thcCimgtfwsioiialiloti
Colonel, Tkcrn'ii-aivoHd tnfanlry, (
Ekcineee Office, U, S. Army,
St. Tjouia, Mo., March 25, 1891.
General: I have the honor to submit the following report of a pre-
liminary examination made by me of the Yellowstone River, Montaaa,
from its mouth to the mouth of Tongue Biver:
The length of river named, at the upper end of which Miles City is
8itaat«<l, is 187 miles. Glendive is about half way, or 98 miles from the
Yellowstone mouth. The mouth of the Big Horn, the principal tribu-
tary of the Yellowstone, ia 106 miles above the mouth of Tongue River.
From about 1876 to 1881, and especially during the building of the
N'orthem Pacific road in Moutana, there was a brisk navigation on the
Yellowstone; steamers have frequently ascended tlie Big Horn t« Fort
Cnster, 40 miles, and a boat has gone up the Yijllowstone to near the
present town of Billings, or about 50 miles above tlie Big Horn. Two
steamers went up the Yellowstone in 1882; there has been no uaviga-
tJon on the river since.
The river was surveyed in 1878 iiiid 1879 fmni Junction City, 5 miles
almve the Big Horn, U* Diamond Island, about 57 miles below Glen-
dive, 919,000 having been appropriated tJieicfor. Work of impiovo-
1
2240 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
ineiit, oousistiiig of rock removal and bnilding of dams and shoie pro
teetion, was commenced in 1879 and continued to 1885; it was vounned
at tirst to the reach between Miles City and Glendiveimdera project to
imi)r(>ve the kiw-water channel for light-dratt navigation up to Miles
City : part of tlie IvSSl work and subsequent work were below Glendive,
to which reach the project has been thereafter limited; in 1883 fhe sor-
vcv was extended fnmi Diamond Island to the month.
Upon an exphination of the inadequacy of available funds and rec-
ommendations of the cni^ineer in charge, summarized in his annnd
report of 1S87, the Chief of Engineers dii'ected ik July, 1887 :
(1) That no lonst ruction work on the YeUowstone River be nndcrtftken thii
8e;ison.
fj ) Tliat the ]>resont plant bi* pnt in repair, iuot sufficient to move it to tlio moath
of the Yellowstone, and atUl it to that of the lfp])er Misaouri Riveri And to preserve
it in »ti>ra,v:<' until next season, awaiting the next seaaon or further action of Con-
gre>s.
i.'on^'Kvss 1i:is n(»t made any appropnation since nor taken any action
other than t<» require the present examination. The project fherefore
remains snsprnded. Tn the mean time the working plant has been
transloniMl to the Upper Missotu'i River improvement.
The ^vol'k d<me was biMieticial in dee])ening the channel and other-
Avise impro\ injx the naviorati<m: that of the I'oek-removal i>art remains;
the (Muitnu'tion and hank- protection works have been much damaged
by ice and from other causes and ai*e now generally in bad condition.
The total a]>propriation for the Yellowstone improvement, 1879 to
188(», is >«lis.7r»0. j'rom wliich ainonnt the exi)ense8 of the 1883 snrvey
were paid: the available balance remaining is $11,766.20.
I have to report that the Yellowstone above Glendive is not worthy
of improvement, but that the part from Glendive to the mouth is worthy
of improvement, and for the reason that there is no prospective river
commere<^ foi- tlie ni>per j>art named, while thei^e is a prospect for river
trallie below (ilendive. The North Pacific Bailroad going weat fironi
the Missouri on a direct line strikes the Yellowstone at Glendive and
doM'ly follows it to beyond the head of na^igation. From Glendive the
river Hows northeast and away from the railroad.
The nnnli lon^rer river route has not competed against the more
direct and tliron^rb rail line, and I have not been able to learn of any
]irosp(Htive tratlic which would probably support boating on an im-
liroved river as apiinst a railroad. The future rail tariff is lU^ely tohe
n^lneed, wliile the small volume of water at low stage, which is a diffi-
culty ti» jaest'ni navigation, especially on the npi)er part of the Yellow-
stone, will jirobably be diminished fvovx irrigsition ditches and land
clearin«r and enltivation, and the ditliculty thereby increased.
lielow (Jlemlive there is no railniad in the Yellowstone Yalley, ^n^
as far as I ran set* now no prospect of there being any- without boat-
iii.u. transportation hero means a wagon haul to and from Glendive or
t<) ami from a ]M»iut on the Great N<utheru road and ferriage across the
.Missouri IJiver. This railroad, coming from the east^, strikes the !^Iis-
snuri oil its nortli side at Willist^m, !N^. Dak., alnnit 40 miles below tlie
mouth of the YeUowstoue and again at Fort Huford, alH>ut opposite tlie
nu»uih. It api»ears that there should naturally be hH*al boating between
illentlive and a -Misstmri Kiv*T ]>oint of the Great Northern road, and
]»erhai)s also s<»me river ]>oint farther downstream, as Bcrthold or Bis-
niarek, win-re a rail line t'roni the east may terminate.
Tiiere is a line of sett lenient alon^ tin* river from it^ mouth up, and a
>\tvs\i and mail roatl from Ijulord to (.ilendive*
^^ APPENDIX DD — REPORT OP CAPTAIN POWELL. 2241
TIi# ai-en of luiid below Gleiidive aud between bluffs is aboiil 200
wiitxrv mflos. of wbU-li m>nie two-tlimls is bottom and the ifinaiiider
flret bviic-h laud. Tbv Juno river riso rart'ly eovers the biittiims, but at
I>ltt«»<t( Ihf,v are freiiuwiitly KubuicrgiHl duriug spring break up» by biwrk
walpr from ice gorges.
Yfgi'(«ti"ti oil lN)IU>m iiud bench lands is prolific until about tlie end
of June, wli.Ti iliu dry tnontlu) uoiuuieuc<^ Withont rain or irrigution
fiftrmicjiU "iil -if rlir ijit'-niou. The hot nun of July and Angui^t while
tbuiuiging v<';,'>.liiliini iTiii-s iJie luxuriant grass, making iinrrlMiuis
food for »t<Kk. Gracing is therefore the prestrnt itrineipnl indnflry, one
IinNluct of which, wool, can advautiigeously be rarrietl by Wat. Lig-
nite coal crops out in about 4 and fl feet veins in the river banki»,
and piccwt of coal as large us barrels and hogsheads have been seen ou
the bars or along the shores. The coal is apparentJy as good as that
tuin(>d in eastern Montana or Dakota.
The average slope of the river below Glendive ia 2J feet per ndle,
roiuRieoicing with a ;i-foot slope and ending with one of 2 feet. From
*i!endiveto I>iamond Island the ri*-er is gravelly; ftoni Diiimond Island
to the mouth it is sandy. These two reHcIies are siniihu in (-h:ii:iil:rr
and degree of navigability, except that their islands iiml slmt^'lif* ;ir.)
more numerous and the iee gorges more damaging, t« tin- ivintn-s c.r the
MisMinri Biver from Cow Itdand to (.'amdl and ft-om Ciinoll r.i Mnliiiil.
The approved pnijoct on the Missouri above Carroll i.> l",\iiii.! I'.iw
iKlaad, now under execution, c«nsists of closing and win^ (i^ims and
ilredfiring. Below Carroll no project lias been pi'oposfil, .itliiT rhim
fmnfndng, altbongU it has b(>eii recommeuded that dredging would bo
naehtl for some <iistau<.e from (-iirroll.
The plan of improvement for the Yellowstone below (llendive to giv«
a go<id ^ feet low-water (ihuniiel should be <^Iosiiig dams where the river
is divided at A)ioi;Is, protection at cutting banko, and dred^ruig at tho
jmtvel bars, near and above Uiamond iHland, and steamboat sluicing
wt b.ii-i on the Rnnrly river. The dams, if maintained, and the dred^ng
will : ■'■ it';i!\ |jriiiiaiieiil chaiiiii'l. The sluicing will generally need
to 1h' reiic;itcd yi'aily.
The fsliniiitt' of cost oftliis phiii. derived from the survey maps and
<i>sts of past wiirk of building of dams at the locality and ti-om other
siuirees, is —
aJ.7lW>rf«of<lo8itiKil"iii8, iit*7.-Vl .* $J55,250
1ti.2«0 1ietofiTVPtiiitiill.iink, atr. 81,000
IMaiit tticn-for 15, 000
riiinl for iIiP<l;;iiiK ""I'l Hliii.iii!,' 30, 000
281,250
;tnd after the lirst vrar lOr annual maiutcnaiice of works and the sandy
river channel *;j(t,(KKt.
Very respeetfnllj', jour obedient servant,
CiiAS. F. Powell,
Caplnin, Corps of Engineers,
Brig. (ien. Thcuias L. CA«ey.
('hif/o/Eiiffiiiars, U. ti. A.
(Tiirough C<»l. O. JI. I'oc, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer,
iiorthwest Division.)
BNG yi la
2242 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARBIT.
[First indorsement.]
XJ. S. Engineer Office,
Detroit, Mich.^ March 28j 189L
Eespectfully forwarded to the Chief of Engineers.
I concui- iu the opinion herein expressed, that above Olendive the
YcHowstone Kiver, Montana, is not worthy of improvement by the
General Government. Whether it is worthy of such improvement be-
tween Glendive and its mouth, 98 miles below, dei)end8 upon the prob-
able relations between the cost and the benefits. If a probable expen-
ditiu-e of 8281,250 in fii^st improving the river, and a subsequent annual
expenditure of 630,000 for maintaining the improvement, be a fiiir esti-
mate (and I have no reason to doubt it), then, in my opinion, based upon
the statement of the eummerce as given by the Glendive committee, the
present eommeire, or that probable in the near future, is insufficient to
justify the improvement of any portion of Yellowstone River by the
General Government at this time. I ^^ill be prepai-ed to modify this
opinion whenever the conditions may seem to warrant it.
O. M. PoE,
Colonvlj Corps of JEngineerSj
Bvt. Brig, Otn,. U, o. J..,
Division Engimrrj KortMcest '"' " •
6TATEMKXT OF GLENDIVK COMMITTEE.
Glendive, Mont. ,Decemibar 16, 1890,
Dear Sir: In roply to your fuvor of December 14, we would reapoctfVilly say that
the iulv:iiita<j:t's to tlit* citi/eiis aud incrrliaiitsof this county would he innnmeriible if
we roulil ii:ivi;;at«' the Vollowstoiu' Kivcr. Iu the yuan 1881 uiid 1882^ when boats
wore runiiiii^ on the Yellowstoue, the rates ot* freight from St. Paul, Minn., to Glen-
dive, Mout.. were reduced from $2.50 for first -class freight, to $1.10 for iinclaasi-
fied frt'ij^ht, which ratr was maintained for two years.
With such competition all. merchants aud their patrons would be £:niatly benefited
in 6hii>i>in^ iu ;;o(m1s, wliirh amounted during the past year to over 300 rare, regard-
less of uuuu'i'ous small shipments. There were shipped from this county this past
Si'ason 1,(XK),(HK) pounds of W4»(d, 5jS0 cars of eattle, and 200 cars of sheep.
There are several settlements al«>u«j: the Yellowstone between Glenoive and Fort
Bufonl which maintain a triweekly stage and mail line, which would bo greatlr
benetitrd. as said residents are now compelled to transport all their freight ana prod-
U4'e some 10 mih's> or more by wagons.
This couury is rapidly settling uj) and freights will be largely increased daring the
coming year.
Yours, very respectfully,
D. R. Mead,
H. HoDOSox.
James G. Kamsay,
Capt. C'HAs. V. PnwKLL, CoMmiffes.
Curps of LmjiiutrSf V. S. A,
DD 5.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF MISSOURI RIVER BETWEEN SIOUX
CITY, IOWA, AND FOKT HENTOX, MONTANA, IN'CLl'DING THE PART OP
Tin: Ki\i:u fkom the mouth of the bk;^ sioux river to the
KOKTH hINi: OF THE STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA.
St. Louis, Mo., October 21j 1890,
Generax: I report that, in my opinion, the Missouri River between
Sionx City, Iowa, and Fort Benton, Mont., inehiding the part of the
river from tUc moutU of the Big Sioux Kiver (at Sioux Cit^) to tli9
north line of Sontli Dakota, tbo preliminary exatninutioiis of which
were as»>igaed to my charge by Depaitmeut letter of September 20,
1890, are worthy of improvement, at least for the greater part of the
reach of river najiied, and for the tbllowlug facts and reasons:
The MJHHoiiri River ftom 8ioux City to Benton, 1,716 miles, has been.
B natural highway for exploration, trade, military transportation, and
settlement. It in iiboiit a oue-sixth part of the immouse system of Wm-
si«mppi Itiver navigable water ways. Although the navigation is uot
^osy and convenient, this part of tlie river is free from falls, very
nerions rapids, and obstructive bridges. It has been navigated by
Hteamboats throughout since 1860, when two steamers reached Fort
Bentnn; in 1831 an Ohio Kiver steamer arrived at Pierre, 642 miles
uboveBioux City; between these times steamboats have pushed furtber
Qp the river as demands required. Withiu a year I have seen at Cairo
a steamer intended for the njiper Missouri River trade, loaded with iron
wiu-e at Pittsburg for Benton ; that is, a ciirriage of an unbi'oken cargo
from Pennsylvania to Montana.
The Missouri Kiver from Benton (lownsti'eam to Carroll, 160 miles,
i» kuown as the rocky river. Work under a project for permanent im-
provement on this part was tindertaken by the Engineer Department
aeveral years ago, and has been continued by the Missouri River Com-
mission, whose engineer in charge estimated in his late annual report
lhiM^3.'iO,000 are required to c()iuplet« the existiug project and that
$12.^,<)00 eould be profitably expended in the year ending June, 1893.
There has been no work done from Carroll to Sioux City, called the
tnundy river; the Missouri River Gommissiou have recommeuded during
the last 2 years snagging operations here, an«l liave urged the appro-
priation of funds to complete a survey over this part for aid in prepar-
iitjr !i project for permanent improvement, speaking of the I'eacli a.^ one
iiiikiutwn for engineering purposes and of the survey as of national im-
[Mirlnnce.
Th« Enjrineer DepaHiricnt niiidi-ii survey of the river from Sioux City
til I'irnv ill 187l> to 1>>.''L': tlii' M j-^iKin ItiviT roiiiuiissiou have extended
a triangnlation over the whole pint from Sioux City to Benton and have
nearly completed the remiiiuder of the field work of a systematic survey
from Benton to Milk River, 350 miles. lu fiw^t, the Commission survey
hat> extended in whole or in part, and was iuteudetl to be made com-
plete, from the mouth of the river to TLree Forks, 244 miles above Beu-
t<m ; their funds applicable to the survey from Sioux City to Benton are
practically exhausted.
Bench marks, soundings, and new shore lines are desirable over the
old part from Sioux City to Pierre, and arc estimated for below with the
new survey work, in addition to the unexpended balance of the allot-
ment for the examinations:
Field work of topography, bjdrogruphf , and levels, Milk River to Piene,
7M milM at *K.50 $66,970.00
-6»mf of hy<lroKraph;, levels, and shore lines, Piene to Sioux City, 612
mile*, atM6.75 _ 30,013.50
MappiDKand publication, Benton to Picrro, 1,074 milcH, at $32.75 39,673.50
Same, Rerra to Sioni City, 642 miles, itt EJO 12,840.00
Total 149,197.00
The class of survey intended is that which jrill simply answer pres-
ent purposes; nothingless extended or detailed will do. The prices have
been e^efully scrutinized} consequently the estimate should not be cue-
tailed.
2244 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
The demands of m^er eomuieree above Sioux City during the last sea-
son, now at a ek)se, were met, but not wholly, it is beueved, by the
services of three steamboats. Railroads have in late years paraUelefl
the river and penetrated the re^rion pre\iously tributary to-it, and have
absorbi^l the tniliic, which in 1881 and 1882 gave business to more than
twenty steamboats. Tliis is in line with the history of traffic on western
water ways. The same history also shows that the gn>wth of to^Tis and
the settlement of the country ami increase of business ver>' generally
follow the advent of railroads; and, as a next stage, that articles in bulk
and a low class of frci;;:hts iire furnisheil whose transportation seeks the
river and calls for an easier navigation and a deejwr channel, wherever
practii-able, and that Im^al river hnci* to landings and settlements inter-
mediate l>etween railroad ])oints become needful; also that some eoui-
mercial interests inquire the maintenance of an improved river route as
a regulati>r of rail rates.
Thei'e is no reasim to judge that the same traffic history will not ob-
tain on the ^lissouri from 8ioux City npstivam.
At the upi>er end of the river reach under consideration there is a
(juestion of practicability as to river improvement, and which I had in
view when indicating at the beginning of this report the possibility that
a smaller part of the river was not worthy of improvement. The volume
of the rooky river at ilift'erent low stages has been found to be only from
2,8(K) to 3,4(M) cubic feet per second, not enough for profitable sized
boats: the low stage obtains for one-half of the time when the river is free
from ice. leaving alH>ut three months for the navigable season and making
it t^M) short for commercial purposes. The cost of neutndizing the low-
water ditliculty may not pay for the resulting Iwnetit. The sar\'ey is
necessary to dettTuiinc this question. Milk River and the Yellowstone
are received below the ro*'ky river: these tributaries more than doable
the volume of t\w n»cky river: the YeUowstone has been navigated, and
its lowiH' 40 miles are without railroa*l facilities, and navigation is here
(*alled for, whih' a trunk rail line skirts the main river fh)m near the mouth
of the Yellowstone to Milk Kiver. 8o that the month of the Yellow-
stone. •>! 4 miles from Benttm, ftnius a dividing line in the reach fritiu
Benton to Sioux City, below which line the river is more worthy of im-
provem**nt than above.
It should be noted that a ]mnci])al part of the field work of the river
survey has been made at the upiwr end of the river, and I judge that
sufficient warrant remains for navigation improvement purposes for
com])h'ting tlic survey there. r>esides. it is advantageous for other
public interests that tlie Missouri Kiver survey, now well advanced at
both ends. shiMild bt* made continuous fr<»m its headwaters to its
mouth.
Very res]>ecttnlly, your obedient servant,
C*IIA.S. F. POWEIX,
Ofpttiin^ Corps of EngineerSm
Hii^/iiMM. Thomas I.. Tasev,
ilhiough <Jol. <>. M. Foe. Coips of Engineers, Division Engineer,
^s^orthwe-^t Division.)
■REPOBT OP CAPTAIN POWELL. 2245^
I'. S. Knginkeu UiTirE,
Hetruit, Mich., N^oeember 11, 1890.
Respw^tftilly forwarflcil, with tlii' tViIlowiiig vi«w« aud recoinmeiida-
tioii, viz:
I M I ii.r..iiii.-il as lo Ilh« i;u il i> .l.-rm.-.l ;..lvi,s!i!>le trt att^miit a
i-x-wr.x\ iN.|ii..\vitM.iir..r .Mi^-,.lln i;i\ .-r ahuM- Si.iiixOity. Bmilte of
jtiiv v;ilii.' 1»>\ 1 wli.'it iii^n )"■ iilii;iiii.<l l.\ ivinuviii^ sQatfs aiitl Bimilnr
oli.-.inidi..iis will, rv,-ii il' muTi's^riilly ;ir,'i.)i(iitislL,Ml, mily be attained »t
a firnt far in pxrwiB of any pmhulilc bt-iiptit.
I havA gravp douIitK conceruiiig the poasibility of any permanent
impmvenieiit of tliat portion which Captain PowpII herein designates
the "aandy river," biit I have none as to the advisabiJity of such a sur-
vey and examination an will servR a» a basis for au iuteUigODt opinion,
which it f)««m» to me is quite inipraetie^ble in the presunt tttate of onr
knowlMigH of the matter.
It is ((uite apjiareiit that the funds at tlie disimsal of the Department
are insuHlrieut t'l do more than pay for surveys of a small iKntion of
Tlie river within the limits designated in the law. The triaugulation
stations of the Missouri River Commission's snrvey will serve tn pnt
into portion any ilelachfil siirvi'ys in ^■■.\:^^■ sui'h ure made, and grndn-
wlly the wholi' niii\ bi' hi-uii^lii Im-ci1iit. Sci'tiim IS of the river and
liartwir aet of He|itciiiln>j \'.i. Isiiii, irniiii-.'.- iliat the division engineer
of the IfM-iiIity shiill ii|iiii t « li.-iin>i. in his "iiirnfUL, the river is worthy
(if ini|>r<iMTneiii. Imt ■iiH-N imi irijiiire any expression aa to the extent
or <lii(r;nii'i- of sm h iiii|>ni\iMiii'nr. Beiie\'iug that Missouri River be-
twerii Simis Ciry uriil Vn\\ i!i'iiton iw worthy of improvejneut, at leant
!<■ Iht- e\leiil iniliiati'i! iu ihc upcniug paragraph of this indorsement,
1 refoninienil that the survey herein projwsed tie Hiithorize^l and that
an<-h allotment for the ]iuri>ose be made lioni the approjiriation now
aVftilabld OS the condition of the FiindR will permit.
O. 51. POE,
Cotiinet, Corps of Engineers,
Ttirision Engineer, Northirest Division,
project for improvemkxt of missol'ri rivek, nebraska and
soith dakota. from thk moitii of tiif big sioux kiver to
the north line of the sitatk ol' sditu dakota.
Enginf,kr Office. Tnitbd States Army,
Si'iMT City, Totca, July S, 1891.
General: Having rejtortfd October '21, ISftO, from the preliminary
examination required by the net of Ke|irember 10, 189tt, that the Mis-
nouri HIver, from the Big Sioux l{i\-i'r to the north line of the Stat* of
South Dakota, was worthy of improvement, an<l in compliance with De-
partment instructions, 1 have tlie lionor now to offer a plan of improve-
ment for the water named, an<l an estimate of its cost, as follows;
(t) Kitensiou nf present Tivc^r snrvcy nnil mapping uud publication iif nl»pa:
Field work of 1i]'<lrogrH])hv, loiingr.iptiv, und levelit, bouudnrv
line to Pierre, 192 milea, al. *92.50 .'. * 17, 760
Same of hydragraphT, levels, and ithore lines, Pierre to the Big
Sionx River, 456 miles, at *16.75 21, 318
llappinK and pnblicatioD, boundary linp to Pierre, 192 mili^s, at
«2.75 8,288
8ame, Pi«Tre toSiomCity, 456iniieH. ill |!20 it, 120
*54, 496
1
2246 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, IT. 8. ARMY.
CJ") K^movnl of Biia^R. wreckS; and other obstiuctionB ; tempprary irork and *
pl.'u-iug cliaiiTiol iiKirks at the worst bar channeln. ana at tjir ontrnnrn
to the wintor harbor at moath of the Big Sioux River, anuuully $25,000
(3) For rectification of the river at and near Yankton, S. Dak \ 75, 000
(4) For rectification of the river at and near Pierre, S. Dak 75, 000
Total 229,4^6
A principal reason for the postiK)iiement heretofore of aprojcct for the
permanent improvement of the Missouri Eiver in South and North Da-
kota has been the absence of a survey. A continuous detailed survey
from the Great Falls, Montana, is now in progress, and witl| present
funds \vill be completed this year to a i>oiut between JBismarck, N. Dak.,
and the north line of South Dakota. The Estimate lor completion from
this point to Sioux City (mouth of Big Sioux l^iver) is $74,497, which
should be appropriated in order to make the survey coutinnous, as it
ought to be, instead of the amount named for the part from the north
line of South Dakota.
The annual removal of snags and other obstructions would be a judi-
cious improvement and a great aid to na^igation. A snagging plant is
now being built from the ])resent appropriation for improving the Mis-
souri Kiver from Sioux City to the Great Falls; its operation should be
uninterrupted, the same as provided for by continuous appropriations
for the removal of snags, etc., on the lower and upper Mississippi and
the Ohio rivers in the river and harbor acts of 1888 and 1890. The
temporary deepening of the worst bar channels and the marking of the
channels before tlu* completion of a permanent improvement, which
will necessarily be a matter of several years, would also be a judicious
work and will nee<l to be repeated during each low water. The estimate
for these annual temporary and continuous works on the sandy part of
the .Missouri above Sioux City is 8.">0,(KH), and about one-half the works
will fall on the part of the river in South Dakota; the whole amount
should ])referably be appropriated and made applicable to the whole
Upper Missouri.
The continuous permanent improvement of the Missouri Biver on ita
sandy part will be of great cost, and is not now, in my opinion, war-
ranted by the present nor prospective commerce. Such improvemeut
would most probably provide channels along the immediate river fronts
at the prini'ipal towns; an*l work of rectification of the river done now
at these places would be useful in a plan of proper and permanent river
improvement.
There is need for the restoration of the steamer landings at Yankton
and IMerre. At both places the channel has shifted to tiie opposite
side, thereby causing extensive tills along the river fronts of the town&
There is no steamer landing at Yankton, while formerly a dozen boats
or more used to land at a time at the imme<liate bank. At Pierre the
landing is well above the town and is gradually filling up. There are
tworaih'oadsbelongingto large systems running into each of the towns
name<l t'n»m the east, and doubtless bridges will be built acroBS the
river here, in extension of the roads to the Black Hills; it would be
good to pro]u'iIy lix tho channels before the bridges are built. The im-
provements estimated tor at Yankt(m and Pierre consist in the deflec-
tion of tlio river by works above the towns to make the river flow along
the town fronts. At Yankton the bank is of fairly hard materiid and
bank protection will not be reijuired. At Pien-e the bank is not quite
so goiul and it is likely that bank protection agaiiist caving will be
on — ^REPORT OF OAPTAIN POWELU 224T
oecCK^ary. it' th»Unitn1 Stated unclortak«sthebatikprotectiout25,000
Bbould bi! adcifd Ui my I'stimatc almve.
»Very respw;tt'uily, your oliedieut servant,
(!has. F. Poweix,
Captiiin, Corps 0/ Engineera.
Brig. Gfiii. TnoMAS L. Oasey,
Chief of Enginetrt, U. 8. A.
(Tlipough Uol. O. M. Foe, Corps of Engineers, Divisiou Engineer,
N4>rthwe«t Uivisiou.)
U". 8. ENeiNEEB Office,
Detrtnt, Mich., July 11, 1891.
Rv«iHS.-tfany forwarded to the oflSce of the Chief of Etigiuoera.
I cviicar in the eouulusions and eatimat«s of Uiis report.
O. M. I'OE,
Colonel, Corps of Enffiiwcra, etc.,
IHvinoH Enginter^ Northwest IHmtion.
CDMHERCIAI. BTATIBTICB,
TbrM bnnta are ninninff on the riror, oanying meTchandite tinA inppliw from tho
rsilroMl iiatnM of Sioux City, Pierre, and ChoiiibcrlalD. principHlIy Us thi- niititarj
p<«U anil Indiiio ugi'iicii* bolwoou Uisraurck &111I Sioui t'ity, »nd cullHctini; gi^in,
' wool, bldoa. baDcs, cto.. for duliviry at railroiul landings. Tbere is do tliraaith
tnOr DOT an; article! of boavy trafllo largely traoKporled. The lignite coal of North
DkkotB, f olnn of whi<'h rro]> out on thp riv«r above Bismarck, maj in the futun ba
aWTiitl by liniita l-> the Uivm- li^lmv I{lstii;irck. Tli" rivpr Jidtlomx !tro IVrtilf and
tb« Yankton c.-meut, chalk, ftuii.-, iiiiiJ chiy, iU)oiiii(! in Inrye qu;iiititU9 and are said
to «how at places on the river alinve :iiiil li.liiw Yankton ; the chalk certiiinlj crops
ODt fraia Iho river bluffs, and it aeeniB that the cemi-iit induatry, at l<>nst at Yankton,
should be eitensive, and the rement Hhipped down the river t^ Sioux City, Omaha,
and other cities.
The only statistics of river tonnage available apply to the reach fVom Bismarck to
Sionx City, T3S miles; the part from Sioux City to the north line of South Dakota
being 64S miles. The amounts tabulated below do not include ferriaee bosineu,
neither some smalt tonnage occasionally carried by ferry boats on abort distancea off
tbeir ferry rontes.
Jtirer tonnage heiieeen Sioux Ciiy and Bitmarck.
..ie,622
.-•9,735
■Military and Indian supplies, merchandise, grain.
2248 keport of the chief of enoixeerfl, u. s, asmt.
pro.ikct for improvement of missoitii rivek between sionccnt,
h)\va. and fort benton. montana.
Engineer Office, United States Ahmt,'
Shiix CityjTawa, September 7, 189J,
General: ITavinfr reported that the Missouri River between Sionx
City aiul Fort HeiitoiMvasworthyofiiuprovenieiit, at least tor its frreatt-r
part, I liavt* {\w lioiior now to otter the to1h»whi;ir phin and estiinsite i»f
fost of iuiproveiiient :
A pnijert for improveiiieiit of the river from F*u't Benton to Cam>U,
]Vhait., ItiS miles, *'alled the roe*ky river, has been uiider extH.Mition diu*-
iiijLr several years. After the ai)plieation of funds in hand tor the pur-
pose tlMM-e will remain of neoessjiry work the i^enu^val of bowlders nnd
the dredtiinji: of hard material at rapids beh>w Judith, which point 18
nearly halfway from lU'uton to Carroll.
From Carroll to Sionx City, nearly 1,4(H> mih>s, the river is first sandy
an<l then nnuhly and qniekly assumes the bad ehanieteristies of the
Lower Miss<airi. and, in addition, is subJH't to damaging iee gorges. A
satisfaetory i)rojeot for permanent improvement and an estimate of cost
below Carroll await the eom]>letion *>f the systematie and detailed siu*-
vey now in i>ro'xress. A pri'sent netnl on the sandy and muddy river,
w hose work <loes not dei>end upon a survey, is the ivmoval of snails.
wreeks, and otlier o])struetions; also, pre viims to the completion of jier-
manent works, tenjporary improvement at the worst bars and the mark-
ing i)\' the new ehannels by ranges on shore. The teniinn'ary work is to
he done by steamer sluieing, and has for its object the Oldening of eban-
neis during li>w stages at the places of controlling depth for tTie steani-
hoats navigating the river. The jneseut appropriation forimproviu^
the Missouri Hiver between the (ireat Falls and Sioux City will liave^
X)rovi(hHl the snag boats; their operations in snagging and sluieiuj:
slhndd he nninternpted, and to insure that the appropriation for their
fnture operations should be made continuous, the sjune as for the oper-
ation of snag boats and dreilge boats on the Cpper Mississippi and^fivr
X\w o]»erations of snag boats on the Lower Mississippi and Ohio riverSi
as pr<ivi<led tor in tin* river and harbor acts of 1888 and 1890.
The ])resent approj»riati(»n is also to pi'ovide an ice harbor at Rork
Haven, near l>isn)ar<'k and Mandan, X. Dak., for the maintenance of
wlii<*h a snijill amount Avill 1h» n*H»ded annually.
Theif is need of restoring the steamer landings at Yankton and
(^ierre, S. Dak., the works for which arc not dependent u]>on the eontin-
uuiis survey. At both phh'es the channel has shifted to the opiNwite
sidr. tlH*n*hy causing (*xtensivt» tills ahmg the river fi'onts of the town*.
There is no steamer landing at Vankttm, while formerly a dozen boats
or iimrr ummI to land at a time at the immediate bank. At Pierre the
hnnlinu 1^ W4'll ahove the t(»Avn and is gradually tilling up. There are
two railrnads belonging to large systems niuning into each of the towii»
nainrd tVoin the east, and doubtless bridges \nll be built across the
river heri' in extension <»f the roads to the Black Hills: it would be
gontl to projK'ily lix the ehannels before the bridges ai*e built. Theim-
proNrinrntN estimated tor at Yankton and PieiTe consist in the deflec-
tit»n of tin* river by dikes alxivt^ the towns to make the river flow along
the town iVoiits. At Vanktt)n the bank is of fairly hanl materitid and
bank juotrrtion will n<it hr HMjuired. At Pierre the bank is not qaite
so ;:»mm1 and if is likely that bank ]>rot(*ction against caving wffl be
niM-es^ary. lit he Cnited States undertakes the bank protection^ 92
should bi- added to niv estimate below.
IIEFORT OF CAPTAIN PtJWELL.
Tli*> liydrtjjniiplii*! and to|M»grai>liic s»i-v
tfi4>^ Mild liiisnl 1)11 » triiili;;iil)itii>li hvU\
bitllkA, iiiul iin a riri-iiil <it' |>iiiij:irv Itvi'ls.
tnwU in tiantl U> llt-M hi-h.w I:isiii;in k. N
ttum Fort Benton i<. Si,,ii\ City. Tlir -|i.
uiul its tnH|i))inv iir»' IiikI'I? .juiiirimiN lui ]
iiH M iHvlimiimiy !'• lln- |iii'|Mi'uli>iij til'ii |i
linjVCHM'llt.
CuBi1tl»tJ(iii of nncnwiiiry work on lorkj river bolnw Jmlitb, Mont ^.. ifSO.OOO
,OpiBntk>D i>f •■ti»ic l<(inlB nod I«inporitrj improviunnnl at tlin irorst lints on
trio Miiitly luiil loiiildy rivw (numiall.v) &0,000
MMililmniKv or iFO-hiirbnr nt Kitck Hiivi-u (annHiillvl n, IMX)
KivllHi-ailon of the rivftr nt Nml iienr Pierre mill Yiutktoii, H. Dnk 15(1,00(1
' CmiiiiIi'IIoii of rlvfrr Biirvpy Biiil jinhiirfttioii of ninps 74, *it7
Totol :ial,4!)7
Vvry rcsjHTtfiilly, your (fliciliL'iit wervaiit,
VUAB. P. I'OWELL,
i'npfaiH. Vm-pK of Euffincers.
Brig. Gfn. Thomas L. Ca«by.
Chief of Enyhieiri, V. S. A.
(Throiiiili Col. 0. M. I\m'. Cor\w i.f Knsi""'"*. l>iviHi..n Kngiiioer,
XortliWftHt Wvisiou).
[FlrHliniliOMinnit.l
IT. 8. liNonsKEB Office,
T>eirwf. Mich.. A-ptemltr Hi-. 1SU1.
Itf^iKftrtilly forwaitleil to tlie oftit-c of tlie f'liief of Eii(i;iiii?4Ts with
till- tttllowiiif; reniitrks:
Wlrtr.-MT iniitfrli-.n is m-c'essMiy t.i |.imTV.- tlir Inlllks ;ni.l (lilis '
it 18 doiihtliil if thiK ..\t.'iiiN ro tlif I'liiisliiictioii ;iiid m;ijiil.'ii;i(ic.' of
ronimcroiul levees, sncli ;is arc itsiiiilly tiniinl ;it nil iniiioit;iiit l;iii(liiigs.
It is riifMmlt t() slinri>ly iletiiie tlie limitations in tlie two eases, and tlins
wi»ar!it«- wlmt isjirojierly aCmvernnient eharfiefiunt one wliiilt is purely
ItM'al. It theiefoi-e seems to nie t(» lie advisalile to consider snui iict
ni>on each partienlar ease as it arises.
With the re8er\'atiou indicated aliove, tlie projeot is reeoniiuended for
approval.
(>. M. I'm:,
Colonel. Corps of l-'iiijitiiTm, i-tv.,
J)irh!oH Eiifihirei-, Xorthicent lUriHitm.
Three hofttfl of from 2i to 3 f.-fl lirnfr nlicn luailpil are ninninj: oii tlin river, eii-
gi(t«l moHlIy in inrryiiijr niercliiniilis.. .in.I Hii|>|>li<>M liom Sioux Cil.v, I'iirrc and
ismarrk to the niilitnry jiokIs :iii<I [mliioi atcciKicit tVom Sioux City to Korthold.
N. Dak., and to Judith and Fuit lli-iil'in, Mont., uiid in cotlui-tin<! j:i'o<"> n'ool.
potatcim, hides, boii«H, etc., for dclivciy nt niilrond InTidingx, and in i-iirr>ii]K pnH-
•engen and live stock.
S<HQe of the sm»)l ferry boars, it in hpiievi-d, oeoasii.nnlly r'Hny liiiLd« fi.r short
diatancen off their ferry routes, but of which only pint ivruiil in Hvailiilili'.
2250 REPOKT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEEBS, ' U. 8. ASlfT.
There is no article of heavy traffic largely transported. A little pzoapecteziati
that ores from tho part of Mont\»]ia south of the river and tributarv to it, may be
carried on boats from Judith to Kausaa City. The lignite coal of North Dakot^
veins of which crop oat on the river above Bismarck, may in the fntme be cazriea
by boats to tho to^-ns below Bismarck. The river bottoma are fertile and when
settled and farmed will doubtless cause an aotive traffic on the river between rail-
road points. There are works at Yankton producins a Portland cement wboM
testti arc equal to those of English and German Portland cements. The material for
the Yankton cement, chalk-stone, and clay, abound in large quantities and are said
to show at places on the river above and below Yankton : the chalk certainly crops
out fh>m the river bluA's. and it seems that the cement industry, at least at Yankton,
should be extensive, and the cement shipp»ed down to Sioux (3ity, Omiiha, and other
cities.
The tonnage amounts tabulated below do not include ferriage business:
Biver tonnage between Sioux Citif and Bismarck,
1887 a064
1888 6^075
1889 I«,e23
Betxceen Bismarck and Fort Benton,
1887 7,897
1888 6^820
1889 a;iflB
Biver traffic for 1890.
Sioux City to Bif^marok —
Bismarck' to Fort Biititnl . . .
Fort Bnford to Fort Bonton
Pnckase
and bulk
fteight.
Tmu.
t2.467
PUMB-
JftfiiiMr.
4,sa
IM
Ikw
■todc.
Rmi.
t,9l4
* Military anil Indian Auppliea, merchandiae, andgnfau
t Grain, merchandise, flour, feed, and lumber.
I Merchandise, wool, and ore.
ENT OF TENNESSEE RIVER ABOVE CHATTANOOGA, TENNES-
I BELOW BEE TKEE SHOALS, ALABAMA; OF CUMBEfil.ANI)
ENNE8SEE AND KENTUCKY, AND OF THEIK TKIBUTAKIES tS
TENNESSEE AND KENTUCKY.
f LIEUTENANT-COLONEL J. W. BARLOW, CORPS OF ENOI-
IFFICER IN CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL TEAR ENDING JUNE
'ITU OTBSB DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORES.
mPROVBMENTS.
r kbore ChftitiiDuoga,
Be, tmd helow Be* Tren
\lubaiDa.
I River, Tennpanee.
out River, Tenntviseee.
rer, Tennenaee.
r>. Cnmberland River, TennrsRe^ and
6, Canny Fork River. TenneaBep.
1. Sonth Fork of Cainberluuil River,
Kentucky.
EXAMINATIONS AND SURVEY.
Smitlilani], Kentucky.
Obion River, Tennesnee, from its
uiuiith to tbe (.Toasinj; of tbe Lonis-
villeund Memphis Railroad in Obion
Connty.
Engineer Office, V. S. Aesiy,
IfashriUe, Tenn., July 7, 1801.
l: I have the honor to transmit herewith the aauual rejKirts
iver iiiiprovciiieiils in iiiv charge for the fiscal year ending
;91.
.' respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. W. Baelow,
Liciiloiaut-CoUmel of Engineert.
n. TlIOMAK L. {^AfiEY,
Chief of Engineers. U. S. A.
2252 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENOINEERSy U. 8. ARKT.
E E I.
IMPROVEMEXT OF TENNESSEE RIVER.
( Lonfftli, 650 Tniles.)
Tlio <'\iut point af wliifli tlH''IVniu>ss(»t» Kivor lists its 1>o^iiiiiin^ is sHII
a inatffi' of s«niu* iiiuMM'tainty. The Kivioiv des ( -lionuiiiis^ or Clii'mke,
of tlu» v'AvW Fivni'li exjihuvrs, ami the Cliorokee River aa i-oferred to in
iM^ssitms to tlie Kn*riish by tiie Indians in 1707, hasl>eeii considered as
iM'in^ foruHMl by the Junc^tion of what aiv now ealled the Little Tennes-
see and Ilolsttui rivers, noar the town of Lenoirs, Teun. Teuuasaee.
the eliief town of the Then^kee Indians, was situated near thispointy and
tile faet that tlio riv(4* derives its presentname ti'oni that town seems
to add athlitiouHl \v(M;^ht to the arguments of the geo^niphera who hare
])hu'iMl the heatl\vat4'rsof thcM-iver at this jnnetion. In some of the older
jieojrraphies tlie head of tliis river has been plaeiMl at the mouth of the
(Mineh and tlie Ilolston extended to that ]H>iut.
The h^«rislature of TiMinesstM* in ISSO passed an act extending the
name of tlie Tennoss<H^ l^iver to the jnnetion of the north and sonA
Ibrks of tht* Ibilston, at KinjiTsport, in Sullivan County, Tenn,
< 'onji'ressional lejiislation, however, in several laws appropriating
inont»y tor the iinprovein4»nt of the Upper Tennessee between Knosville
and i'hattanoooa. has o-iyen authority for extending; the name at least
to the former eity, but as thejnneti4)n of the Hoi ston and French Broad
rivers is bnt 4.\ miles above Knoxville, this point is now generally taken
a^ the ori^iin of the Tennessee River, and in the river and harbor aet
oi' istio this ]Mant appears tt» have been definitely fixed by the apeciflc
hni«ina;ie of the aet i)n>vi<linjr for a stirvey of the Tennessee Biverftom
rhartanoo»»a to the jiuH'titm of Holston and Frendi Broad rivers.
As ont» of the lar^a^st of the forty-thret* or moi*e tributaries of Ae
^rississi]»pi River, the Tennessee has ;vf ways held an important place in
the projerts for tln^ improv<»nient of the navigable waterways of the
country. Tlie Miiseh^ Shoals Tanal having been opened to navigation
in Xovend^er. ls*M), the Tennessee River is now navigable firom it^sonree
to its month, a distance of <m<) miles, during several months of each
year, and as work is continued upon certain other less formidable ob-
structions the season of navigation will be eori-esixmdingly len^hened.
The radical im)in>vement of this river so as to make navigation con*
tiiuuais for boats of moderate drat> is by no means an impossibility.
1. AUOVE CHATTANOOGA (194 MILES).
This section of the river is naviji:able during medium and high stages,
whici) uMially prevail thron^h the winter and spring months, aiidoeca-
sionally at i»ther seasons daring tiie oe<*urrenee of so-called rain tidc«.
The navi<Lratit»n consists (»f steamboats (*arrying fW^jght and passen-
^•ers. tiatlioats brin^in^' iH'odn4*ts from the upjH'r tributaries, and rafts
of U)*s> and bimbt^r. alsti broii«rlit from the tiibutarics, the latter con-
stitntinu the major part of tiie 4*oniin4Tce of this river. #
III ls.;o. Col. s. IF. Lonjr. I . s. To])o«ri*apl"^"*l Engineers, made a cara-
ful examination t>f tht* Ilolston ami Tennessee rivers between Kinga-
]>ort. Tcnn.. and the Alabama State line. His reports published as Ex-
4'cutive Docnmcnt No. 107. Ibmse of Representatives, Forty- thud Con-
«4:ress. s4'coml session, jrives a di'taileil deseriptiim of every obstniGtkNt
to iiavipition at that time, and phms and estimates for th«ir improve-
■i
*.3
KB^BEPORT OF LIEUT. COL. BABLOW. 2253
tiiftit. Ill 1871 ail exAniinatioQ wa^ uiado betwetin Kiiox\'ille and Chat-
t»uiH>;Cii l)y rapt. L. Cooper Overman, Corps of Engineers, under tlin
ilin-ttiiiM of JI;ii. \\':ilii'i- Mi-Fiirlaud, Corps of Engineers. (St* Re]»iit«
of tti.-ri.i.r.irHi.nHi'-i'^. lS71,ijp.502 to507, and 1872, pp.4.S3 to 4U4,)
Tln'<iti.-tiiii Ttoiis III iiii\i-:iti.tn, as deHcnbed in these reiwrt**, were "low-
wuKt (jtiNlriiiMi'ii?.." II insisting of liars, eitLcr ro<rk or gravel, extending
at.T(>i<>« till' rivi'i-, with ii h-ngtli varying from 60 feet to U miles, (lie
deiitJi of wiiltT over tins)- barH varying from 10 to ;tO inches at extreme
low WAtcr. uod the rnrivnt varying. ftwm 2J to B Biiles per hour.
Tin- liwl Mod htinUs lit' the river att! of «neh c.har.H'tfr auto mitke any
lni)inivvinfiilt< |.[iii'tir;i!ly |H>rmaneut, with the es»!pt.iiiQ of the. re-
ikovhI, from timt' t.i linn-, ul' svifh drift or sna^s as may be brought
ilownby (iKMiMMiial ll<>o.ls.
Ill ItSii the Htjile i.l' Tenues.see undertook the improvement of cur-
tBin poliitM »Ik>vo Cljalfanooga l»y i-emoval of roek and cnnBtnietiou of
whig ilnma
In 18."»0 Congri-ss iippriiiniated $5U,()00 tor the imjii-uvement of thiM
IH>rli<in ol' the rivi-c, :iiiit the nioiiey ;ip]iniiiri;iti'il was cxpi'ndeil utidvr
tll.-din-.'ri,i.i ,,! <'nl. -r. M.CIrlhiii. t.i|».;;i;ipijii'nlciiHiiir.T, U. S. ^Vl'my.
Soiiif 111 l)it-d;iuishitill liiiilri' this iip|ii,ipri;itinL] ;iiv still lit existent-e,
Ibotlgli gcEiernllj I'oveied up liy thi.' nmicextriLsive work of recent im-
provooMaU.
nib present project of improvenieut^ based upon the examinativn of
1971, provides for <li«pcniHg the ehannel at tlie worst olistmctions by
blMtin^ or by meowring bars by the aid of wing dams, and the iTrmival
of sueli snngs uud drift a« may pnne dangerous In Tiiivif;;if ion ; this iw
to Iwj done to nn extent riiiit will secure a ilianml ;! Hci in diptli at
»veriMr«' low wnt<-r. Tin- estiniiiti- ol" 1(S7I witn incn-asi.l in ISTI. |s77.
ami again in l.s.^1, f-u- the reasous stated in ilie rep'irts ol" tlLose mmi's.
t^neeri tti)proiiriati.>ns finui July II, ISTII, to Si-]iteinliei' I'.l, IHfHUiiive
bwni luiuif liy <'iin;;ii'ss |iir this w.irk, ii«^'rc;;iiIinK Ihc sumof *L'7l.lMl(l.
The amount rxpetidnl, iuihnlinj,' iintstiinilinf; indebt<'dnes.s, to .Inne
3W, 1890, was *:.';i7.L'.-.2.8ll.
0|>MiiHoii8 have been eonflned to the iminiivement of twenty-nine of
the forty-three obstrii('tii)nB a-s enumerated by Colonel LoiLg. and have
rwailt^ in jriving :hi hn)ir<ivc(l clianni-l at f liese jmirits and a lengthened
iwasoD of navigation. Thisimiiruvenu'nt liasheen of special advantage
to rafts and tlatboats. whiih ii)ui]iiisf tlic uiLLJiir part of the conimei'ce
of the Up[>er Tennessee. As a mattei' of ( iULvenienee and economy
Operations ai-e carried on in coimeition witli the rivers tntnitary to tliia
MM'tiou of the Tennessee.
At the beginning of tlie liscal year work \\:in in inogress at Whit^i
CteekShoaU, and eontinneddnriiLgtlic months of.) nly, August, and Sep-
tember, work done at that point being )»-'!() enbie yards of earth, etc.,
irtripped from quarry, U.1S7 enbie yards stone qiiarried for dams, and
2,fi35 cubic yards dam buili.
In previous years a dam f;."><l feel lony had been built from the lower
end of Whit« Creek Island loinateii sinur throii[r|i the sand and gravel
bar which was originally a seriou> "l>strui tiim (o tlie navigation of the
river at this place. Its efieet was to deepen the water opjmsite the dam
and tocaose the deposit of the material in the form of a half mr>ou bar
io the channel just below the end of the dam, the only available pas-
sage for boats being a cross channel between the bar and the end of the
dam.
In 1889 this dam was extended 17o feet, (he result being that the
erosB chaimel around end of dam ^a.s removed a short distance lower
1
2254 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
down ; the obstnioting: bar reforming about 300 feet down stream, fliA
obstacles to iia\igatioii remained about the same as before. In 1890
the dam was tiirther extendeil about 3lH) feet, and a spur 130 feet kmg
built out into the t-hannel to create a scour which would Temove tbe
obstnu*tion, the objei^t being to sc'our away the bar and deposit the
material in prolongation of the k»ngitudinal dam. The bar reformedf
but to a less extent, about (MR) feet below the spur dam. The longitudi-
nal dam was again i»xtcnded over the shoal 5G0 feet farther, and a sec-
ond spur L*15 feet l»>ng was built on the new shoal. The result of this
last work has bet»ii ti» i-ausi' tiie removal of the obstruction to the deep
water beh>w the last >pnr, and it is believed that it is not likoly tore-
form for many ve;irs in the navigable channel. This improvement is a
very interesting e\aiii]>le of the eombined effect of a longitudinal dam
with short spurs in reino\ ing gravel or sand bars.
During October. Nt»veiaber. and December continued work at Soddy
Shoals and vicinity, and near the Cincinnati Southern Bailroad Bridge.
The work dt»ne in the channel consisted of the removal of a sunken
barge, 40 cubic yards of loose rock, and 24 snags; 258 overhanging trees
were <*ut down and remoxed.
Operations were suspeinle<l on account of high water, but wen* re-
sumed at SiMldy 6hoa!s in June, ISOl. and preparations are now in
progress \or drilling ami blasting upon this troublesome reef, under the
supervision of Assistant Kngineer 0. A. Locke.
The steam drilling scow, which has been provided by adapting the
ohl hull of the steanu'r Wvitzel to this puriwse, will be eniph>yed upi»n
this work. The Ignited States steamer Weifj:el was thoroughly rebuilt
at Chattanooga for use on the rumberland l^iver.
In addition to the i>r«»]H>sed wt>rk required at Soddy Shoals, improve-
ments are needed at C'aney SlH>als, near Kingston, and at Seven Island
SIhmIs. or Farmers Djinu as this ]dace is now called. Tlie cbanu^ter of
tiie work is the same at both ])laces. and will consist in the constnie-
tion of a wing dam locarod below each shoal to lengthen the fall and
decrease the velocitv i^f the current.
The Wcifzt'l having been transferred to the Cimiberland River for serv-
ice upon that stream, the steamer Dortr — renamed and duly recorded
as the MvPhrrsnH — was purchased for use u]>on the Upper Tennessee
and its triV)utary waters. The McPhtrHon reached Chattanooga early iu
^lav and was at mice eni:aircd in moving to the mouth of the French
Broad Kivi^r the survey party organized at Chattanooga for the surrey
of the Tennessee JJiver from <'halianooga to the junction of the Holston
and French llrnad IJivt-rs. as ]>rovided by act of September 19, 189l>.
This survey began at tlMM'()ntluent waters of the Holston and French
Broad Kivcis, and has made g<MKl progress, abtuit l^o miles of river
fnmi the initial ])oint having been surveyed.
As requirctl by the act. a careful ami comprehensive survey, about
104 miles t»f river, is being made by First Lieut. John Biddle. Corps rf
Engineers, in local charge of the work. The discharge of the riTerl*
bein.iT ascertained, current t»l)servations taken, and substantial bench-
m.irks established.
Tlie total amount expendc<l during the fiscal year ending June JW»
ISIU, was $17,i:i(L77, as follows:
^ifiinal iuiin'oN tiiu'iit $12,9Bly'[
Snrvoyfnnn ('liattan.n»:;.i 'm jisn, ri.in ••ril(u>toii and Tri'iirh Broad Riven. Itflft**
The original estimate of «m»si i»f imiu-oving Tennessee Kiver abov*
<Muitianoog.L umler the existing ]>roi<M't. was .f*175,lHH>; incxeased iA
LS77 to *;ii'0,(M.io, and again in bs84 iucre;UHjd to ♦300,000. Tto appl*-
1
i
APPENDIX E £ — ^REPORT OP LIEUT. COL. BARLOW. 2255
•
priation of $30,000 by act of September 19, 1890, uearly exhausts the
above-named estimate. Pending the Kubraission of the iv]K)rt:, with its
accompanying plans and estimates, of the survey of the Tennessee Jii ver
above Chattanooga, Teun., now in progress, for approval and subse-
quent adoption as the basis for a new prqjec;t, it is necessary to inrn^ise
tlie estimate under the existing project, and the sum of $40,(K)0 is added
thereto.
The estimate, a8 mmUfied iu 1881, for improvini; Teiin(>s.sce Kivt^r above
Chatt:inooga is $3(K). 000. 00
lucivased in 1891 '10,(XK).00
:UO,(KK>.00
ATn«>iiiii ap]»roi»riated liTl, 000. fX)
Auiuiiii t cxpomU'd 'J-VJ, 801. 33
Money sta tern en t,
July 1, 1890, balance uiiexpeu(le<l $^1, 310. 44
Amouut appropriated by act approved September 10, l^iMJ 30, <KK). 00
31,319.41
JuBe 30, 1891, amount expended during iiHcal yea i 14, 800. 74
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 19, 518. 70
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities L',410.0:i
July 1, 1891, balance avaUable 17,108.67
{Amount (estimated) required for eom])letir»n of existinfr project (if), (KX). (K)
Amount that can be profitably expendediu fiscal yeaieiiilin;;.! uiie3f), 1803 00, 000. 00
li^iibniitted in compliance with requirements of Hcctious 2 of river and
liarbor acts of 1806 and 1867.
2. BELOW BEE TREE SHOALS f2L'5 MILES).
The available information peitaininj^ to tin* Motion of tlje riviT l^dow
Bee Tree Shoals is very meaner. In n-jKjrt <»n line of wjiter corn muni-
cation between the Mis.si.ssippi ItiviT and tijp Atlantic ^It<'jiort of riiiiff
of Engineers, 1872, page 513;, Maj. \Valt<-r Mi-rarlaud, (.'oij^.s of l-^ji^i-
neer^f, states:
Descending; the river, we tin^l that inijirovnin-iits u\' -^ftiw. kiiMl or oIIht- imiiov-
ing rock or gravel or constnirtin;: win;; ijams in unU'.r to j»traitilit"ii oi \viil« n iIid
channels or to give thi;in Knflicic-nt d<-j»llj — ••vill In- i*'(jiiiif:rl at tJi** lollowin;; l»oiiit»i
viz: Hear Creek Shoals, Indian Creek. JJij: \»*ut\ >];'>:sJ-»,I>i;iiiiOii'l I.<I:jij<i, Woli 1 .laml,
Chalk HI uff. Beech Cni^-k Shoals, nnffalo >Iio;iI-. ,\nij-ti*iM;rb 'lowh«-:nl l'ii»i;'»:at
JohnAonvillo, Dnck Biver .Shoals and .Sn'-k. 'i'iijk>'.v l^hui'l >]}o;i].'<,. White O.-ik Ulnuilf
Harrican Island, Leatherwrjod ^fhouls. >anfl>> l-]:iii<i. I'anther ( n-ek Isluiid. Me'iil-
longhs Bar, Blood Biver Inland, iVnteront Towhi-ad, Widow lieynoMs iiai, Orubbn
Towhead, Little Chain, and Grand ^ h:iin.
In 1875 an examination wa> Iliads of l>ii«-k liivc-rShonls. In May, 1880,
an examination wa.s made of the river imiiK-rlintr-ly brlow the Johnson-
ville Bridge,
In 1878 some work was done at l)n<:k Jtiv<:r »Sljoal>. This .-lioal is a
gravel bar and is subjw-t to ^•on^idMabht r:lian;:e fionj Un- airtion of the
current; in 1882 the river men rejiorted that itwa- niiwh less deserving
of attention than other obsti-urt ion. •> lo-Jriw FJon:jK<*. In 1881 and IH'"/^
a small force with a snag iKiUt was enijiloyid a -ijort time in ea^:h year
removing firom the channel a Iai;i<« number ol r^im'^^ and overhanging
trees. As^istaut Engine4;r J, II. May hew, who wao in charge of biiag-
1
2256 KKrOKT of the chief of ENQINEEBS, U. 8. ARHT.
iriujr o])oratioiis in 1882. reported the following localities below Bock-
port as nMiiiirinp: iniproveineiit: Big Chain, Little Chain, Sandy Inland,
Turkey Ishnul.lieynoMslmrg Island. Johnsonville, and Duck BiverSuek.
Ill isss, IMlot James Till, by request, gave a list of obstructions in the
Lt»\ver Tninessee wliii'h a snag boat and crew eould probably remove.
Tln^se wi'iT surt'aee c»bstru4-tions at some tifty-six places. DnringXoveiu-
berand DtM-ember, 1 SOU, the United States snag boat ire/f-rW, while en
vonXv iVoMi rht' ['p])er Tennessee Kiver to the Upper Cuniberlaml, wasen-
^ia.ued in nnioving snags, etc.. from Florence to the mouth of the river,
but the si aire of ^^ater l>eing high the work wsis not completed. Ninety-
two snaiTs and lo;;s, ;5t^ overhanging trees, and a part of the sunken
4le!»ris o\' the old bridge below Jolmscmville^vere removed.
LirlHfhsttni Ptnnt, — This is a narrow strip or tongue of land lying
between tlie waters of the Ohio and Tennessee rivers, just above the
nioutli of tlie latter stream. This iH)int and the two small islands
below it form tlie harbor of Padueah, and by their position prevent the
irt^ btnning ciii unt of the Ohio from entering the harbor, which is sup-
]ditd with the wanner waters of the Tennessee, flowing fix>m a southern
latitude and rarelv if ever troubled bv ice.
The (urrtMits of the two streams are parallel tor about a mile on
4'itlnT side of Livingston Point, and the OluoKiver is rapidly encroach-
ing u]»on this narrow barrier. The Tennessee does but little damage.
Near the extninr 4Mid of the jioint the Ohio has washed tliroagh at
high water.
The river and liarbor at-t of Septembi^r UK ISIK), approi)riated for —
linint«\ ini; 'J'«iiii»>»*^«t' Ii'ivrr lirloxv C'h;Utaii<N>^u. Ti»iiii08R«*e. uiolnding Colbert
Shn:iis iiiid Wvv Ti <••> sliii:i]<. : (.'oiiTiiiiiinj; iin])ruv«'iii('iit. four linndrcd and seveuty-
ti\f TlHMi>:niil iloi1::r^. oiiT of wliirli t wciitv-fivi' (hoiit»aiul dollars iniiy be iweil at
l.i\ iiiL^^ton I 'oil It. lit I 111- nil nit h i>t'sai(l riwr. in iirrordaHi'e with the recoiuiueiidation
uf iIm' »MiiriiitM-r in tli;n«;r olllnit portion ol'tln* river.
In order tt» roniply with this provision of the act, a survey of Living-
ston l\»int wa^ made in Deeember, 1S90, and a project submitted to tlie
Chief t>f Ijiuint'crs Jannary 12, It^^M. The proJe<*t having been ap-
prove<l, sperillcatitms were prepared, and after advertisement in tlie
nsual niannrr a contrari was entered into M a ivh .*<<>, 1891, with AVilliaiu
ivii'k. of MadisjMi. Ind.. ftir part constnietion of the shore protection
and *liUe at Li\ing>ton l*oint. The water not being sufficiently low,
work was not coninieiiced nntil ^iay, and is now in prngivsR.
TIm' phm iif ini]»rovenient ado]»ted for preserving this i)oint fit)m de-
>tiiu-tiini ronsisis in covtaing the wearing slopes with a revetment of
stone ;mm1 linisli. carried well dt)wn the bank below the water snrfiioe,
>ii]»l)l( iiiciitiMl l>y a pile and srone ilike along the eivst of the weake:!^
pn] jjini oil !ir 11 111*, where the <-iirrent of the Ohio hasalrejidy eutthroii|;h
at hi;:]i -ta;L:«*s i»f the riv(M-. tin* objeet of both works being to hold in
its |»r«"icni position tin* land now existing, and to cause, if possible, a
fmiluM- ilrpnsit of siMlimcnt on the Tennessee side of the dike, wliich
from prr>i'iii iihliratioiis is likely to oe<*nr.
riir ir\riinrn! nf >.iniM' and bi'ush IS s])e('i»IIy niHHled on theOhio
•in* , aiirl will lu' hilt >|KMin'ily irqniret! on the Tennessee- side. It will
In • aiii« •] \\M brlt.w low water, where it will eonsist of brush weigbted
<b)wn \\iili >!oMe in altnnate layers. From low water to foot of dike
brokni stout* will br rarefnlly place^l. n
TIm* dikr < oii>ists of jijlcs driven o feet from center to center in four
row <. rlic X rond row in trrt from tin* first, the thini row 2() feet from
titf -♦'. onii iiid. tJM f..iiMii 1..W- 10 feet from the third. Waling strips
^^.^. . 1 .... ...It I.]. .-.♦ . ,, ), ,..M .-.f pjir.v- 'T-iii b.^. held in place by iron rods
;: Mjli -'Liliiig' piece, pile*, pile and waling
.1 _
.'. ■■ ' ■• ' . ....."■.. •-I-
^^^^■qtPPEXDIi EK — BliJ'Oltr OF LIEUT. COL. BAKLOW. 2257
pu*ve. Tlie spaces betwwii tlic fiist and seiiiiid aiid beiiveeii the tliird
mul foorth rows of piling wUl be filled with bmsh, weighted down with
8toue. As the Tennessee liiver is not wnwhing tbe bank to any npim--
viable extent, the two itiws of piling on that side will be omitted tor the
present and the work will be concentrated on the Ohio side, so ais to
protwt the low iKii-tion of the line, which is in danger of wBNhiug awuy,
the omitted piling to bo added in the liitiire, if needed.
The amount ex[ieuded, including out»tj»'iding indebted neii^s, troin the
oUotinfnt for Livingston Point, Kentucky, during the fiscal year ending
June 30, 1891, was 11,327.21.
The following work was dune under coiitriict for tlie iirfscrviitioii of
Li ringston Point, Kentucky:
Umik' piotoctioD :
t^lane riprap in place cutiir yards. . 1)31. (6
Itmsli in place cottU ilO
I'iln anil Bt<ini> diko
m« driven J68
Waling pleoeB in place (3 437i It U M) Kt
Itna roOh m plure (3 170 poimda; (Ei
BUme in pl«ce cubic yards 1 IM. 16
Brnah in place cords KK), M
During the last 15 years the unproTuuiut of thcnverbehiw Bee Tree
BIuhUs, and m latt below IloKiin bus not ruined tin attt-ntion its
ir«urm«n.'e and naM;,atiou q»I.llll^ t > In ln^tl^ i utitlul ti> owni^ to the
almuHt imperative necesHitj ot nirm uti itMi„ lUiltoit lud (.xinnding
all niutii^'S appropiiat<d toi the rnii IhIow Cb ttt imio^i upon th«
reiuoviU uf the main obKtinctinn to naM).,Ation, until re(>)ntl> the im-
pasHftblc bartiei of theMnstk Shoals However during that 1& vcara
m finntti ainouut ol work w ih done, as ibov e st.it«(i below Kivertwn,
ftiot "f Hfc Trii ^lioale, AUbani.i.
In 1878 and 1S79, in tho chaniii'l ii t Uiuk Itivcr ShoaU, iinioiiiitiiig to ^. 301. %
In 1881 and 1882, iniixgidg, etc 3,378.04
In 1890, anagging, etc 1 , StT.. 33
Tot!illi.'iowUeeTre.'SlI.iiiI-.ri..iii ix". m isitl I2,im.:i:i
For the reatwiw stateil iuid tVoni inlonnntioiL rci'civcd from various
sources it is believed that tlir ciMuIiliim of llie Lower Tcniies.see de-
mands an accurate survey. Tin- Miisrlc SIhmIs (ariLil. opened to navi-
futiou November 10, 1«90, au'l 111.- "urk iiuw in i.r.>;riess :it Colbert
hoalsand Bee Tree Sboals, make it vci\ iiii|iMil;iiit ihat tlie Lower
TenuesJiee liiver, from tlie foot of Hcc True Sliuals lo the month of the
river, be put in such condition us to putniit ibi; safe passnge at all
eeaaons of any boats capable of navip:atiii^ t)i<t^Inscle Shoals Canal and
the proposed Bee Tree mid Colbert Sh<)als CiiiMil, now in coui-se of con-
struction. In order to accomplish this it will be necessary to have an in-
strumental survey made of this section as soon as possible, to obtain de-
tailed map.s of the obstructions, with a i-omidcte piofile of the river, iw
that estimates can be made and project for the radical imjtrovement of
the river below Kiverton, Ala., be snbmittod. based upon the necessary
and definite data that can only be thus obtained.
Thef^timoteofcost ofprc8«rvi[isI-ivjTie«tiiii l'..iiit. Knitiii'lty *l«n, 000.(10
Amonnt approjirlated - 2-"', 'KXl. 00
AiDOiuit uuvi-ri'd by existing toiitrints til, llii. (H)
JUnuiint oipendcd, inrluding outstaniliiig iiiil<'l>l< diii'ss 1, i!27, 21
JUnonot pK'dgi'd uud expended l""', -Hfi- 21
Note. — The money statement is tnc]n<lcd in that for intpioventcnt of
the Tennessee liiver bolow Chattanooga, Appcndi-t F F 1, page 2;J11.
EMG 91 14a
2258 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARlfY.
Abtftract of jtroposah for the eonstruclion of apiU- and atone diktat Lit'km§9ion Pointy £rR-
tuvkif, at the month of Tennenste liirer.
[Opviied Marvh 11. 1891, by Livut. Col. J. W. Bwlow, Cur|>8 of Xnglueen.]
William Kirk, Mad i- ;
Hoii. lud '$:{. 0« !$1, «>:». 00
TI)(iiii:iH fT. Hardin,
Mniilm'V. Ky
3 Fn'd llartwtjj:, Cin-
I rinnati, Ohio
4 llenryC. •lom«. Ma«l-
! AOII. lud
5. IH» 2, 67:>. W
7.00 I 3,745.(M)
$1,0S7.0U
pxfm
1,4I3.«> ! .M
1,801.90
.M
1,000.10
.07
*T Name and residence of
^^- bidder.
William Kirk.Madi-
Hou, Ind
Thomas J. Hardin,
Monterey, Ky
Fn'd Hart we;;. Cin- I
ciunati,(>hio I
Heiir>' (\ Joue,s, Mad- '
ison, Ind |
Spikes (6.700
pounds).
Stone.
).06
.04
.04
.07
$402
$1.23
268
.95
268
1.15
460
.05
$1.25
1.50
1.65
L80
$0,375
10,150
11,S75
11,800
Broth (2,000
OQCdi).
I
P4
$0.80
1.50
1
.85
Total
cost.
0ml
i Total OHi
11.600
8»000
1,780
1,700
$14.HBl«
17,IHLll
17,m«
ULiaN
Contract entered into with William Kirk March 90, 1891.
COMMKRCI.VI. ST.VTISnCS.
Tvnneifsve Hirer ahorc Chatlatwoyay Tvnn,, from t/u/y, 1, 1890, to Jum^SO, Ml.
Arlirlt's. Tons.
Torn ' 4.385
Tens 127
Wheat 158
Ojits ,'»
Hjiv l.«>79
Shueks 08
Straw Ill
l.umlHT I C)>Ci
Lofin .'>«. 000
NuiiilK-r of pa»»»en^«Te, 2.716.
Artieles.
Hops
Cattle
Shei'p
Itailroad iron . .
Coal
Iron ore
Sand
Cn>88 ties
Flour
65
130 ;
AM
15.306
81,436
7,056
127
100
Esn
Chickens (ooops)
MnrhandlM..
Tanbarfc
Hock
Shiiiglet
IT
t
l,lll
kVnSSVlt EE — BEPORT OF LIEUT. COL. BAULOW. 2259
lUl ii/ firataboali laltn-n-whtft) plging on IVfHinuft' Hiitr alxirn f'hallauooga.
jTltTHiigbw
J. vr ikw«l)
Mjrm
iriT.riiit-.,
War TUItum .
P. iHckWHS.
Lragth. Bratdth.
Dil.ltl.
Tm,
iW,. ft...
iW«.
11 '.n
lii>.3«
miw
l«dlll
IVplh.
Ton
a.«8
SM.1S
SLMl
1.SC
i3a.M
AH.^^.
Tan.
AtUdM.
Tmu.
Adiok*.
To«.
iuu™iu-
1M.WI
1.7JI
».W7
"'«
Ti),sn
!:i£
IB,™
Hnj
IU,HW
KoBter of pMaengBTH, '.iz
Draft
Depth,
Bge
Lieht. 1 Lu«U'<l.
r,„
i'ui
\''.
i'unSiXia^"
1?,;
'■^
:[
*B
282
In.dA(rp<U.*b..;ili
40
5. DO
«1
4.0
E E 2.
IMPROVKMKNT 01' HI.\\V.\S.-;HK ItlVER, TKNNKSSEE.
Risiog in the Blue. Ittiljf"- Mumi
northern (Jeorgia, tlie Himvassci'
tiun and enters the Tennessee Ki\
Mnd 151 milen below KnoxviUe.
Monntain range au<l receiving thi
the Hiawassee betiumes a stream i
Niiiis. ill w<',stern North Canitina ami
fliiws in a west- north westerly direc-
er iilmnt -'(.S miles above Chattau(K){ia
At'tiT bit-akinjr thnmgh the Smoky
wal»Ts iif tlie Oi'iH'e, near (!ohimbus,
itgoiHl capacity Itir navigatiim.
#
2260 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
As early as ISSi) the State of Tennessee nuide some minor improTe-
ineiits, but the work was only of tem]x>rary advantage. The act w Con-
«rress of Jiuu^ L*o, 1874, authorized an exauunation of this river. The
examination was made in Se]»tembei*, 1874, under the direction of H^.
Walter MeFarlaiid, Corps of Engineers. TheprincipalobstmctioiiB wen
found to be rock reefs, gravel bars, snags, and overhanging trees. (See
L'epnrt of Chief of Knjrineers, 1875, pages 809 to 813.)
The iirojeet for the improvement was based on this examination, and
consisted in narrowing the water way at the shoal plaoes by wing dams^
and excavating roek reefs and gi'avel bars so as tlo secure a navigiMe
4'hannel 40 feet wide and 2 feet deep at ordinary low water as high i^
as Savannah Ford, about 43 miles from the mouth of tibe river.
The original estimate of 820,000 was increased from 1878 to 1885 to
$(:{<>.r>(H). which amount has been fully covered by tibe following appro-
l»riations, viz :
August 1,1876 $10^000
Juno IS. 1S78 10^000
MaiTh S, 1S7J> 3,000
June II. 1880 3,000
March ;^. 1881 1,800
Aiijrnst LM882 1,800
.hih ;\ issl ^SOO
Alienist .'., 18S<> ^SOO
Au«:ust 11, 1S8S 1,000
JSrptoiiibtT 11». is'K) 1,600
Total ao^ooe
The amount expended to June 30, 1890, including outstanding BabiK-
tics. was >«.*>4,971.05.
T\w t'linds appropriated have not been sufficient to secure a radioal
improvement of the river. The work done during the past 11 years has
resulted ill a partial improvement (»f the lower river, securing an in-
creased depth of channel and the removal of surfewie obsteucttonB and
overhanji'in^" trees.
The work was d(»ne at different times at the following obetroctiais:
^latthews Shoals. McKlrathShoaK Sivils Shoals, Magillslahuid, Black-
bird Shoals, (iraves Ferry and Shoals, Ganefield Beef, Lasters Creek
Shoals, liiiiidley Shoals, bentou Island Shoals, Boyd ShoalSy Hone-
t'onl SItoals. and (iamble iShoals. The lliawassee is now navigable te
steamboats iVom its mouth to Churlestou, 21 miles, during the boating
season on the TppcM' Tennessee liiver. Above Charleston to Savaimu
For<l liailxnits are nsrd for transport-atiou.
No t'nnds were available for this work at the beginning of thepnaeat
tiscal year, and when the a]>propriatious of September 19, IMO, oeoaBS
available tbi' e\}MM!ditnre it was too late in the season to
active opt rations. No expenditures wei*e made during theflsoal
endin;: .hnie :;o. l,S!H.
The amount now a \ailable will be expended in clearing tbe chainMl
of snrt'are obstructions and repairing existing damB| pruBcipaiDly at
-Matthews Shoals.
As soon as practicable, and as a mattei* of economy, the smaU amount
ot work to be dtme will be carried on in connection witii the work oa
the upjjcr Tennessee Kiver.
In <'ommon with other mountain streams, the Hiawasaee Biyer le-
(piires that the channel be ke])t clear of the snags, logs, ete^ brought
down by the annual tloods. and ]U'ovision should be made IbranohWQik,
so that the ad\antaur^ result in;X from previons cxpenditmea be BMia-
tained; but it is not deemed atlvisable to again increase the estimata
P APPSNUIX liE — REPORT or LIEUT. COL. IIARIX)W. 2201
iitmIpf tliceiuetiiiff projecfc, but rather lo ivrtomiupml tlmt if thin slii'iim
i.< lit Ik' iwlically inipi'ovcd pi'oviBioii bn imriIp for a Hiirvey siifllticiitly
in (Iftnil whoRioii ttt boi^o plann and ei^timates, and tliat a new ]ii'(>i(»<.t
1m> ]in>))Hred and !*abm1tt«<l.
K»iimuWor no*.t,of m]|ifovliiKHl:iwftssrKRivor. TiiimMuwo $3(1,500. 00
Aliiniint a|ipronrinl<'<t »l,fiOn.0<l
Anions t eziM)nil«i I, iiirliiiliug oiil«^Miiiliii)E iuiVlitHilmuw :u.t>nl..*>:l
Money ittatemt^nt.
Jnlyl, \90ti, boluire nuexpendM) $SI!.51
Atnuiint appTuprmtcd liy art npproTcil Sept^mbw 19, IJiflfl 1, :>(Ki. IKI
Jnly 1. I89I, bttlam-p nneKpniided l.M(i.61
July I, 18»1. mit«1nii<liu|ilii>lii)iliaa ;iH.04
JbIjI, 1891, baliiiKeftvailublc 1,64a. 47
■A-risTica.
Hiatuwim Rii>er, Ttitnesiee, froat Julg 1, W.W, loJunnSO, I,
^«^.
Ima.
Ar.,.,»,
TOIM.
AMii'lw.
Turn.
1.815
31fl
411
„ .
XvB)HTDrpu»nsfn,2.2ez.
The Bt4-amboBt Wiiet\ Cilg (^nglli.
tntiimfce, 138.96 tonn) madi- tii^lity-cu
ilniing tlie fiscal year.
E E 3.
IMPROVEMENT OF KRKN( II URO.Vn RIVER, TESNESSEE.
The French Broad Itiver — the Tiih-koeostce or Racing Wat«r of the
Cherokeea — is one of tlie Iiii-y:er;t tributaries of the Tennessee. This
stream has its source iu North Carolina on the trestern slojic of the
Blue Bidge, enters the State <if Tennessee at I'aint liock, and after a
course of 121 miles, draining ^t liat has been called the " Land of the
Sky," unites with the Holst^ni Itiver 4J miles above Knoxville, thus
forming the Tennessee River.
Ad examination was made of tin- Freneli Broad in Tennessee unrler
authority of an act of (.'ongress niiproved Jnly 11, 1870, and the w|>ort
upon it is to be found in tlic licport of the Chief of Engineers for 1871,
pages 491 to 494, A rei-Xiiniiiuition in Tennessee was oi-dcred by Con-
gress in 1875, " from the II()Iston to Lea<lvale." Tlie estimate made in
1M71 was resubmitted with the rejiort of 187(>.
Below Ijeadvale — month <if tlie Noliclincky River, a distance of 90
miles — the river is uupeded by tlic surfai-c obstnictions usually found
22G2 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
ill mountain sti'oams. The fall in tliiH section is about 1 foot per mile,
aiul the channel <H>nhl easily be improved. From the janction of the
2s'()Hchncky to the Tennes^iiee State line, 31 miles, the I^ueh Broad is
not susee]>tible of improvement except by slackwater iiavigation, the
fall beinj^ 7 feet i>er mile.
The present plan of improvement from its mouth to Leadvale, about
90 miles, eonsists in removing obstructions ftom the channel, catting
(h»wn overlianging trees, and building wing-dams where necessary so
as to pennit tlu* passage of boats di*awing 2^ feet of water during the
orilinary low-water season. This part of the river is exceptionally
beautiful, broad, and ada])ted to navigation, especially below Dan-
(Iridge, a distance of about 5() miles. Under this plan of improvement
operations have been carried on at the most important obstructiona.
The following api)ropriation8 have been made for this workr
Art of—
June 14, 1880 flO^OOO
March 3, 1S81 ' 3,500
August 2, 1882 5^000
.hilyS, 1884 3^600
Augusts, 1886 6,000
August 11, 1888 lO^OOO
September 19, 1890 10,000
Aggregate 48^000
The amount expended, ineluding outstanding indebtedness^ to June
MK 1890, was $37,435.50.
The improvements so far made at the priueipal obstructions, by deep-
ening the channel, ete., though ]imite<l and incomplete, appear to give
satist'a(*tion to the raftsmen and boatmen navigating its waters. These
improvements are as foHows:
Location. Work done.
Fain Isliind , 5 Uams built; chnnnel exoavatJon
Dcntitu Shoals 'J ilaniH built
Eviiii.i Island " OdamH built ,
S*miSli(>ttl8 'J dams built
llryant Shoal do
I Old tish dniii r«>innved ; chiinnol cxcaTfttkni.
II aiiuiii^ Kork ' Part of uld dam rt'iiioved : 2 fUunH boltt . . . ,
Sfvcii Islands, includin;; W«^slcy and Old dam m«Nlifl«*d; channel exoavatioii;
'l'iH'kalii»o chnti'S. ' bank n'vrtt«'4l ; 8 new dams built.
(.■(■mrnt or Svwoc Shoals •< dams built
(Mia])hrlls MtoalH ! 1 dam built ,
Jum]>iug MosoH Shoaln ' n ApnrA and 1 Aubmergod dam bnilt
DhtoiM ImIow
Oandrldfl*.
iBdla.
UmllM.
16;
IB
84
40mOfla.
The ini])roveinents at Seven Tsland$^ Shoals were made dniJn|^ 1889 and
1S1KK and are tlie most important d(me on the French Broad in several
years, haviii«r resulted in making thisobstruetion navigable for steomen
at stages of tlie river when previously ni)stream navigation was imprac-
tieahh\ The dams at foot of shoal haA'e had a marked effect in reduc-
ing the curn'iit at this ]>h)('e and also in deei)ening the water in Tnck-
aluM* rinit(» above. At the Wesley Chutes the ehange in channel pro-
diK^ed hy the removal of a ])art of tlie old dams and the iH>n8tmetion of
a short cross dam so as to tlirow the ehannel along the north bank has
n^sulttMl in a material rtMluetion in the vehMMty of the cnrrent and re-
iiH»v('d the tlangerof striking one <»f the dams, which previoualy existed.
It is proposed to make a similar cliange at Tuekahoe Ghnte, so as to
somrwhat lengthen the channel and k'ssen the abruptness of the carve
opposite Kound Islaml.
/
NDIX K E — RKI'ORT OF LIEUT. COL. BAKLOW. 22(i3
At Brv'fLnt SlKinl the mudific»tioii and eulargcmcDt of thcohl wiiij;-
diiiii und tJie reiiinv»l of bowlders fixiui the ebannel has greatly iuiproviHl
nuvi^Mttu. Work in now in pi-ogress and will result in the eonistrue-
tion of a )Wcond dam pla^^ed ininiGjiiately below the ahoal to deepen the
water on the slioal and reduce the velocity* of the euirent by lengthen-
ing tlie idope. A "cut off" dam at head of island may also be bnilt to
imiirove the approach to Little Pigeon Biver, if deemed advisable.
Great benefit )ia» reunited from the improvements made at Jumping
Mums Shoal, ne-ar mouth of the river, its daugerouB condition having
been greatly modified.
The shoalA below Daudridge, which are now considered as most presif-
fuglyin need of treatment, are the Tuckahoe Chute, Seven Islands;
BryantK Shoal, thp Gallops, and Haiigiug Eock. Instrumental exam-
inations will be made at the last two shoals mentioned, with a view of
det«nniDiu;r the best methods to be employed in their improvement,
and it is hope4l that with the funds avaiJttble some work can be done
npon them.
During tlie fiscal year work was resumed at Bryants Shoal, and is
now in progress, and for this purpose the fleet of barges and quarter
boats w»« towed fitim its moorings on the Tennessee River by the IT. 8.
Bteomer .VePherson, punrhastMl in March for nse upon the Upper Ten-
oemee Biver and its tiibutnrica, and paid for in part fi-om the appro-
priation for improving the French Broad Biver.
The work done at Bryants Shoals was as follows:
L*>o«» nwk Tninoved from cLuniiol cnbin yards.. IfO
Qiuny •triii)>«'l do 4M
SlMio ijnftTTJed for daiuR ,.,, do 495
IUp»|idMn built do 195
The amonnt expended duriig the fiscal year, including outstanding
indebtedness, was $4,021.05.
The improvement of the French Broad Biver, Tennessee, is of vital
importance to the many interests of the inhabitants along its banks, as
is shown by the number of passengers reiwnted by the Lucille Borden. ""
I 'oinmerce on this strciim has already reached considerable proportions.
The completion of the existing project of improvement will ojien a
river highway for the transiiortatiou of the mineral wealth of the
mountains, and will itiat<'ri;ili.v aid in the development of the mines in
its hx'ality. Marble, sand, l"gs, hnriber, forage, grain, live stock, wood,
and general nierchaiidiric make up the commerce of this stream. Oapt.
J. E. Newuian, of the steamer Lucille Borden plying upon this river,
reports that the French Broad River from Knoxville to Catlettsbuig,
40 nriles, was navigable for liis boat {which has a draft of ;J0,8 inches
when loaded) during the entire year, excepting 15 days in July and 7
days in December. From Catlettshurg to Dandridge, 30 miles, it was
narigable since January last, but not much prior to that month.
In reply to the inquiry, " Wliat benefits have been derived from the
work donet" Captain Newman writes:
" Before there was iiny work dono on the river by the Goremmeat we cotild uot
run over 6 months in llic yt'»r, liiil, \\h sliown above, n-ith nuythiu;; like ordimuy
miter we can mu nil tlii' time ii»w. But thi're remiiinn much yet to be done, as it [b
only Hiiall steamers tliiit rnu ply on tlie river at iiU, while with some more work we
cuald ply with mnrli l:ii)ci'i' Hlisiiiiers tliiin are run now. The work nt Seven Isliinds,
olthonfcn not Piiniplcti'd. hns iloiii' ninih good. Iti-fore any work was done here by
theirniti^lKliitfHil iiKu-illy took !i hoiit from one-hall' to 1^ d.iysto go Ihroii^h, where
now wi^ can go throu^fh in 4-'> miniiteH,"
Eiitimat« of cost of improving French Broad River, Tennessee, from
moxith t« I*ail vnle f I.tO, 000. 00
Amount nppraptiiited 18,000.00
Amount exi>endi^d, ineliidins niit=tni.rliii..' iTi.lrlitprliii.«* 41.30I.1L
2'J«J4 RKFtiKT OK THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Money statemeuU
July 1, 1890, bnlaiUM* iiiioxpon«lo<l $725.91
Aiiiomit :i])]»ro]ii-i:ited liv Hvi upproviMl S4>]>t4'iiiber 19. 18!N) 10,000.00
io^rjs.»i
.hine :^). \H\M. amount expoiuled iluriii^ fisoal yoar ^G0n.4K
July 1, 1}S91, balanr«' niioxpemled 8^145l4I»
.July 1, 18in, out8t.antliu|x liabilities 1,440.07
July 1, 1891, balance available .
9f vOOmW
Amonnt (estimated) required for eompletion of existinff proieot 102, 000. 00
I Amount that can be profitably expended infisciilyear encung Jiiiie80, 1808 30^ 000.00
1 Submitted iu compliance Avith requirements of sections 3 of xiyer and
harbor acts of 18(>G and 1807.
COMMERCIAL 8TATISTIC8.
French Broad River, Tennesseef from J»Jjf 1, X890, to Jim§ SOf 1891.
Articles.
Tons. '
Articles.
nrain ! r». 6.^5
H;» y . . . .
Luinbfr
WihkI...
Hojrs . . .
»
1.505
5. 460
24(1
233
Pla»tor
Ssind
Flour I i;(M2 !
Low* I 6,573 i. Tobacco
Marble j 6,036 j' Coal....
; X ercbandlM . .
! Cattlo
Salt
91
IM
* Lo<:s (-stiiintTdl by tho roport^or at 200 f«>ot 11. M. per log. which was greatly below tta vusl
MiuiiIkt lit' |»;i.>«si'ii>:t*rs, 2.KS0.
Steru-wbe«'l steamer LHvile Borden, length 80 feet, breadth 14 feet, depth 2} f&tif
tonua«j;e 55 tuns, made 9t) trips from C*atlett«bnrg to Knoxrille and letnoB.
£ E 4.
IMPROVEMENT OF CLINCH RIVER, TENNE8SEB.
Tlio Clinch Kivor rises in the Cumberhiiul Mountains, in aonthweBtem
Vir<riiiia, and tiows in a southwesterly direetiou, generally parallel to
the llolston Kiver. and eni])ties into the Teniiesf^ee Biver at KingstiMif
Teim.. 110 miles above Thattanoo^i^a.
r>et\v(*e)i ls;io and lS4r> work was done by the State of Tennesaee,
but it n\snlted in little or no advanta^re to iia\igation. The country
<lrained by this river — abont 1.4.'^» square uiile.8 — ^i8 moontainoiiB and
has very niea^^er trans]»ortation fai'ilities other than are affindedlqr
tlie riiiu'h Ikiver tliirin*^ rain tides.
['nder antliority of aet of ('on^rress a]>proved March 3, 1876, ezaa-
ination of the river was nuule'both iu Virginia and Tennessee. (See
Re]>nrr of Chict* of Kn^nneers, 1S7G, pages 73G to 747.) An l>^ft"^tnatMl»
of the <1in<'li I^iver from Nash's Ford, Virginia, to Haynes or Walkei^
Terry, Teiines.see. a Histanee of about 101 miles, was made in 1880.
iStM^ bN'port o\' (Miirf of Kngineers. 1S81, pages 1864 to 1867.) Theob-
struetions in the rhannel were fonnd to be ixK*k I'eefi^ sand and gravel
bars. sna«rs. and overhanging trees.
The examination made in 187r> forms the basis of the present ppqfeet
of impr(»vement. whieh consists in removing lodges, rock pointBy grwel
^ APl-F.NIXX EK — RRfOKT uF iJKi'T. POI-. ItARI.oW. 22G5
hiiTfi, lM>wl(l«rrt, Hiiags, and overliAtigiii^ fTPf«,t.lu> iilmt ruction h cniiimnii
to nil iniiiintniti dtrwmiH tritmtjii-y totlio Tfiinp.>i«pc KivHt; build inji; lip
i-aj» cl!UO« so an to ohtaiii at ordinary low Wiitcr a rliiiuiii'l d<'i>tti of 'J
r<i>t Inmi tlie immth of tlit- livm' to riiiiimi. a I ion 1 To miU's ;iiiil I A I'ci-t
li-oni lliiiton to Havnt-s or Walkev-w I>'|'1t\ . aliunt ir. i.iilr:-. A'lii.vo
\Valk<-r's Furryup to tlie Tonii.'SHOR Sfalv lino. sr. iiiili-«. llic uuly ini-
provi'inHir iMlvisiiblo i« to reduce the lodjjof and ri'HiovB loosii voi-k. vU;,
snHli-ii'ntly In smuint Hitlboat navigation dnrinc "min tides."
Tlip foIlowinK apiiroprial.ions liave l>t>«n iiiadfl for this imin'oveniBnt:
A. t .>!'—
Jiinn U. 1880 #10,OO(i
March », 1881 8.ii»i
Angiwta, 1882 3.(mo
JiiTy B, 188i Ii,(KKI
AngiutS, 18se S,n«i
ADRTlstll, ll«8 5. (ton
8cpteinb«r 19. l«no 4,000
AggWK"** 36,000
The amount cx|ipin]wl torTiin<> .to, IftW), iiu>hi<1in^ontHtnnding indrbt-
wlness, was ♦.tl.lMMI.
Tlip rwtiiltft ol ilif work done in prpvions years tire that Hiftre«l'« have
Ikern rwlnccd. iiijiiiy snatrs and overhanging trpfs riMotived, and several
Htmng, heavy wing and loii<riiiidiii:il daitis j>inlt; tlius ^ccnriiig a \}ant*-
ahle I'haniiel at sla>;i-s <'l' r!n.' water - or 3 feet lo\vt;r than before the ini-
liittveinenl wiia begun. S[ni-ial advantages are gained at UbLckin Hhoais
-Hitd lileirliiT i^liojils. The iin[Hiivenientji have given very general nat-
iAfaeiii'O i>> till' livor nieu and the work done is praetically permanent.
AIho. at < i.iikI Sluialn 7 dams have been bnilt, and a heavy dam at Hibb
SbnaU, uliirli. wiili the rock excavation in ehannel, have materially
leH«ened the dangers to navigation. Above Haynes improvements have
been made at Hunters Shoals, Sjcainore Shoals, and Hopson Shoals.
In April an instrumental exaiaination of Llewellyn Shoals was made
and a detailed map prepared npim wliirh to locate the existing and pi'o-
I>ose4l works. In Slay, the water liaviii^' i<illen,preparatiiiiis for resnni-
iug work were begun, but owinj; lo a suiisi'i|iii'iit rise nothing eonld !»■
weomplished beyuixi ii'i>airing llii' |ilant. esiablisliinga new<-anip, and
general provisions for operalinn.-i as mhhi as the water recedes, l-'orty
cubie yards of stone were placed in dam at Llewellyn Mlioals and 4
snags and overhanging trees removed.
Llewellyn Shoals arc ;! miles a!».\ e Clinton bv land, and 10 miles by
river. The shoal has a Icnjitliof PJinil.-s and tin- fall.S.IJ feet, is neJirly
iinifonn. The widtli of the liver at this slioal is irnieh greater than the
average, being from '<*>{) to tiliil feet, Tbt- bed is composed of ridges of
Htratilied nK'k with gravel and small bowlders between. Ou account
of the wide channel and rajiid enrrent the water upon this shoal is but
V2 Ut 18 iiiche.S in low stages, and the rough bottom renders it a very
difficult obstniction.
The improvement now in progress of development consists in the re-
moval of the most prominent projecting rocks in the channel, cutting
oft' all Wfondary channels behind islands, and still I'lntlier contracting
the channel by uieatis of a system of h ing danis at intervals along the
banks. Considerable laogiess lias beeiL made as shown on map of this
shoal; someehanuel work lias lu-en dime, and two island dams tinished,
also two wing'danis and a third coninu'riccd.
It isproiMJ.sed to eoni|ilete wing dams No. .'!. to add two more further
down on the same side, an<l in i-imtiTine the removal of the most ob-
2266 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMT.
«
stnietive nH*ks nMiiahiiiig in the channel, wliich will be all the work
that is at pivsc»nt advisahlo.
Youngs Ishmd Shoal at toot of Ea^rle Bend, 1 mile above Clinton, is
an obsti*uction reported as very objectionable to the logging iuteresta.
An examination at this ]>oint will be made, and if found advisable to
improve it under the present project, work will be done there as soon
as practicable.
The section of river below (.'linton, a distance of about 70 miles, is
practicable for steamboat navigation during the higher stages of the
river, and to increase the length of the season of navigation the present
l)roj(H*t <'ontemplatcs the constiiiction of wing-dams and other channel
work at the most troublesome obstructions. As but little has heretofore
been done on this part of the river, and as the work above has been
(*aiTiod as far as necessary for the present, it is proposed to take up the
project of improvement below Clinton, applying to that object the amoont
liercin asked for, >(jr>.(MH), and a^ much of subsequent appropriationK as
may be mvest^ary to complete the necessar>' improvements.
Since the construction of the Knoxville, Cumberland Oap and Loois-
ville Railway, completed August 23, 1889, ^lich crosses the river some
distance above Ilaynes, the character of the commerce has changed to
a considerable extent. The gram which had previously been carried
down this river in tlatl>oats on ^'rain-tides" now seeks a market by
means of the railroad. The principal navigiition at present consists ef
logs and zinc ore: immense tracts of uncut timber stUl remain in the
ctmntry adjacent to this stream, and will for a long time to come require
its channel as a means of transportation. The products of the zinc
mines are still brought down in datboats to the reducing worksatCUn-
ton. These ore deiK>sit>s are re])orteil as being very extensive and prac-
tically depen<lent ui>on the river for transportation.
The amount expended during the fiscal year, including outstanding
indebtedness, was s?07S.14.
Kstiinatt' for improving Clinch River. Teniit*sseo, as modified in 1885 $80^000.00
Amount appro])riat<'(l 35,000.00
Amount oxptMHhMl. inrlnding outstanding; imlobtedncss 31,964.00
^foney statement,
July 1, 1S5K). balaufo unexpentled $14.06
Amount appropriat«Ml by act apin-ovnl S«»ptonil»or 19, 1^<1K) 4^000.00
4^014.06
June 30, 181U, amount expended during fise^il year 6Q8w36
.Tuly 1, 1^>1, balance unexpended 3^510l10
.July 1, ISJil. outstanding liabilities 474.70
July 1. \H<n, balanct- available...: 3^005.61
I Amount (cstiniatcth retiuired lor c(»m])lction of existing project US^OOQLOO
J Amount tbat can bc])rotita)>]y expended in liseal year ending Jiuie30^l8B3 IE^OOOlOO
Submitted in com])Ii:ince \s itli requirements of sections 2 of river ud
I
harbor acts of ISikj ami lSt>7 .
COMMKIU'IAL ST.\TISTIC8.
Clinch liinr, Ttjim-xxft; fr,nn Jul if /, AsY-vy, to June SO, 1891,
Logs A 831,
Zinc
'ENOIX E V. — KEPOKT OK LIEUT. iOL. BAHLOVV.
E E 5-
IT OF CUMBERLAND RIVER, TENXEfiSEE AND KEKTrCKY.
Tlie Cumberland Biver, having ita soiiroe in wiat^m Kentarky on tlie
wt-jiti-ru n\opv of th« ( liimbcilaud MoniitaiiiK, flows thi-ough oiinteni
Ki'iiln.k.v, rnt.l.lii' T.-riurss,.,-. aii<l wrsti-tri K.-iiliirliv iti ji dtH-i..iTs and
«.T4'iilnt' •'•.in"i>- r<> il-^ jiirK'tinii wiDi lln- t)liii> Hivi-v at SininiLuxl,
Ky. l-n.iii r.iiiLl llnnisiili-. Ky,— the li.-ad hC strarnhni.t iiavi^stti.m—
to Smiltihitiil, Ky,, is Ijtl.") ruik'S <.il an air lint.', wlnlo li.v way nl' tlic I'liiii-
bvrliiud River the dit>taiic« is ol8 miles: 21)3 mik>s beinjf in tlie Stutv of
Ktiilui-ky and 316 miles in the t^tate of Tenue^see.
Krom 1830 to 1840 the legislatun;« of Tennessee and Kentucky iiiiidc
HOverHl ttppropriabions for the improvement of the navifrwtion of the
Ciuitbtiirlaud Kiver. Little benetit to the general condition of the river
s«emA to have been ao«onip1i»beil. "Theijumberland Navifratiou Com-
pany ** was incorporated by the St^ite of Tennessee in 184(i for im]injv-
ing the "navigation of the Cumberland River below the to>vn of Nash-
viUe" by means of a system of locks and dams, but nothing tangible
VDB done to carry ont the proposed improvement.
Between 1832 and 1838 Congress appropiiatcd ♦l.'iS,!)!!*), which was
expended in carrying out the project based on the survey of Capt. How-
ard Htanbury, authorized by act of Congress.
From 1838 to 1871 no appropriations were made by Congress for the
Otunberland River.
By dctof Jniy 11, 1870, Congress authorized .an examination and sur-
Tey of tie Cumberland Kiver. In reports of the Chief of Kngineern,
1871, pages 468 to 485, and 1872, i>agcs 468 to 472, may be found the
reports of Maj. tlodCi-ey Weltzel, Corps of Engineerx, U. S. Army,
git'iog deitcription of the Ciuiibei-Iand Biver, from the Great Falls of
the Comberliind — the head of navigation — to the mouth of the river -
at Smitldand, Ky. This survey furnished the basis of the project
under which the work below Xasliville has been done, the original
ei^ttmatos having been increased in isst and l.S."'N. I'loin Naslivillc
to Smiths Shoals the work was cairii'd on nnder tlie ]iii(icct of 1871
until 1884. A survey of the river from the head of Smiths Shoals
was made in 18R2 and lss:i. (Sci- Iti'iH.rt of the Chief of Engineers,
1HK4, pages HMU to I(i7."i.) lh\ this survey was base<1 the present proj-
«H:t of improvement by loi-ks ami dams of the Ctimberland River alwve
N'asiiville. A survey of SmitJis Slioals made in 1874 (see l{eix>rt of the
Chief of Engineers, 1S7.">, [lages 7!).j to SIHI) is the basis of the project
under which work has bi-c[i done at that locality. A survey of the
FaUs of the Cumberland Kiver was made in 1878. {See Keport of the
( 'hief of Engineers, 18711, pages 1279 to 1282.) An examination above
the fails was made in ISHti, (See Report of the Chief of Engineers,
1881, pages 1854 to 18.'>!t.)
Under provisions of iut of August 11, 1888, a detailed instrumental
survey was made of the "Lower Ciiinberland River from Nashville to
it« month, to ascertain if necessary to estal)Iish locks and dams," {See
Keport of the Chief of Engineers, 'lK!«l, pages 2151 to 2161.)
The fifteen apjuopriatious made by Congress from 1871 to 1890 amount.
to«l,17«,000.
Tlie obstructions are of a uniform ebaraeter, <ousisting of rock ledges,
gravel and sand bars, Ixuvhters, snags, overhanging trees, and other
Burfacc ohstnictions.
The river is divided into two divisions.
22G8 liKPOUT OF THE CHIEF OF EN01N|SERSy IT. 8. ARMY.
1. BELOW NASHVILLE (101 MILES).
Tho <'mulM»rlaiul l^ivor is mwipfablo 1h»Iow Nftsliville for all «teim-
1m Kits i»1\in^ oil it lor ti iiioiitlis in earh yoar; for boat« not drawing
ov(M' :> i'vot, from (» to S inonthet, iiiul tor boat^ drawing 16 incliea or lem.
tor tho wlioh' yoar. In seasons of uniisnally low water the niontli o(
tin* rivrr, iit Sniitliland, Ivy., is seriously obstructed by the farmationof
sand bars. Up to this time the work l>elow Nashville lias been canied
on nn<1er the ]n'oJect of 1S72, whieh, to quote from the original report, ii
To oxcavnte th«» bars and rock led^oH to got an (uUlitional depth of water, to rmt-
tract, tho water way iu ]>Iaco8 to cot the requisite depth; to remove anan and bowl-
ders from the main channel, and to restrain tribntary streams in welT-detennineA
channels at their jnnotion with the river.
U]) to June ;{0, 1800, ml>(>5,(MK) had been appropriated to this section,
$202,061.16 of whi(*h hail been expended, including ontstanding indebt-
edness, which has resulted in giving an increased depth at low water
and a lengthened season of navigation, together with greater imimnuty
from the perils of navi^etion at the most dangerons obstmctions.
In July a for<*e was employed at Lower Gatlin Shoals in redneinj;
the bar in the ehannel by the removal of 40 cubic yards of sand and
gravel, and in modifying the longitudinal dam by tlMB remoral of 748
cnbie yards of roek, and 02:^ cubic yards of a new spnr riprap dam was
built, to secure greater depth over the bar. The available fcnda being
nearly exhausted, active operations were suspended and engineer prop-
erty pUiced in charge of watchman at Shelleys Island.
The United States snag boat Weitzely having been rebuQt with an
enlarged hull and otherwise thoroughly refitted at the expense of and
for use ui>on the Cumberhmd I^iver, while en route from t>he TennessM
River to the Cumberland Kiver above Nashville remofved 22 snags nd
."40 overhanging trees between Smithland and lifashviUe. This snag-
ning was done when the river was at too high a stage for the most
etVective work; therefore during the next low-water season — probably
'Inly and August — the Weifzel will return and thorongUy dear the
channel of surface obstructions below l^ashville.
The Board of Engineer Oflicers (see Chief of Engineers' Report, ISSft,
pages 1626 to 16«'»2) recommended the construction of a dike at Smith-
land. Ky., at an estimated cost of $129,600, so as to increase the d^th
<d* water on the shoals at the junction of the Cumberland River with
th<'<)hio liiver. The river and harbor act approved September 19,
ISIH), provides that j*:M).(MK» of the appi^opriation for improving the Cum-
berland Kivcr 1>eh>w Nashville shall be expended in improving the
month of the river. A<lvcrtisements were issued, and propoMdis Sir
lmildin<Li a i»ortion of tin* dike weiv opened on 27th February, 1891,and
contract was entered into cm 12th March, ISOl, with Frederick Hartweg,
of <'incinnati. Ohio. As soon as the stage of water permits work ml
commence on tlie dike.
The amount ex]>ended during the ilsi*al year, including oatatanding
imhd)tediiess, was s.'>,40S.<r). For ''General improvement,'' $S,360L38:
for -At month of river," ??J:^2.27.
Active operations will be resumed as s4K)u as the stwe of water per-
mits, preparations to that end being in progress at the cfose of the JIaeal
vear.
Tin* following w(»rk is projected:
At Lotrrr Xashrilh' Iftland. — To remove from channd old hull of
sunken steamer UiUman,
At Syeamorv Shoal ft, — To remove gravel bar firom channeL
%-E 8EP0BT OF LIEUT. COL. BARLOW. 2265
A I I'almijia Bar. — To iitipnivechaiiuel by inodityiiig the present diiiii
»iul di'cdKiiii; through sand and giavel bar.
At Shfllfui I»land. — To ivinove snags and gravel deposit in elinnni'].
At Itig ii»r»e Fwd. — ^To remove bowlders and reduce gravel bar in
uhanuel; to take out loose rot^k at head of shoal».
At Vamp Roiciftg. — Siia^s and gi-avel bar should be removed and the
bantu cltMued of overhanging trees. A Hubstautial wiug dam ia also
needed ut tljis place in aeoordance with the prosecution of the pi-eaent
plan of iuiprovement.
Tb# instrumental survey made in 1881) shows the estimated cost of
rudivaJly improving the Cumberland Kiver below Kashville to be
♦1,964..'j00. In my rei>ort of December 21, 1889, ui»on this survey, after
referring to the most serious obstructions, ie the following statement
fxplanutory of past work and suggestive of future operations:
EffortH liJive Iiitherto bi-eii made to rciluce the fall otot these Beveral ihoul* and
ihim lengtheu tho aestou of navigation liy tlie iibosI methods of wing dunu and
• hniinel etcavation. This class ol work has been carried ou as for as bopmb expedi-
i-ot to coQtiDue it, aud the cesultM. although valuable, do not satisfy the intoiesta of
nitvigation, a more ladioal improvement, in keeping with that in prugreM o "
i
rivec alioveNaBhrille, being demanded. ■ • ■ Fromanencineuringpoiiitof vieM'
.. ■ ._ .u !_._ .. .^.iiT .. ..._ n.aHiljiliiy of thb iuiproveAient of this
, Illy ShoaU, and as a uontinnaJiCH of the
d now in progniN* niKive Xnshville il would appaar to be worthy of ad(i])(iun,
■^Kiar wunnwTulal reasuun upplying to both sections.
Tbu project, which provides for the construction of locks aud dams
below SonhviUe, thus constituting an extension of the lock and dam
Ryatem above Ifa«hville, together with certain channel work and im-
provement at the mouth of the river, eatimate^l to cost $l,!)(i4,Q00, has
been sabnutted to (.'ongrens.
I'l ovision hEU-* been made to begin the work at the moutli of thi? river,
i* part of this project, and the estimate of its cost was added iu 1888 to
the estimates as piirt of the existing project. 74^0 special aetion having
been taken npon the project fur the locks and diims, the estimates tliere-
for have not been added. If, however, the proiccted canatization is or
may l»e approved by Congress the sum of *:{iHl,l>o<l ciin be piolitably
i-xi»eiided during the next tiscid year in const rutting the (irst loik of
Ibe series at Hanicth Shoiils, one of the worst obstinetions below Nash-
ville. Work has been carried on at tliis ob.struction at variouti times
since 1870. and it is still a t'unn id ll I ile «lista<de to navigation, but its
ntnch-neededr.idiial iiiipnivemciir « onlil be cfi'ected by the construction
of Ihe loi'k and (bmi as pnijertcd.
The c«mmeite of the Lowei' I 'nmberland consists principally of grain,
toha<-co,logH, lumber, wood, general merchandise, and passengers. This
rivet is ouc of the principal tributaries of the Mississippi system, ami
supplies iu many cases, both above and below Nashville, the only means
of transit between the towns iind villages lying along its course.
The funds now availiible and tlie amount herein asked for, $103,000,
can be pi-otitably cxiR'ndetl under the existing project as follows:
To ■■oinjiMe tho dike uii<l hank |H"(iTiii.ii ;lI ihuilIIi of rivtr, biihiiiiH '>('
rftinuilp *!ja,60il.OI)
(Kpp<in of Chief of Kiigineen. IXWi, \m.-f Ht'M.)
uel by esiaviiliuu aud toustrutticjii of wiiis-ibins. ilc aH.i'M.iXi
l!lH.0(K).n0
The OTigiiial i'<Ml of iiiiiiLi.viii}; Ciiiiit'.il;iiicl Ifiitv lirli.w N;i>hiilli>, t,>~ ~'"'^
■niiililied in 18R4 and t>00t 1!iK. (KKl. IKI
Atniiniit ii|.iiri.]ni!in-.l :i(),-..iniit,i>i)
vrcd by loutiiici ". T. :;ai,23ij.iu
2270 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Monei/ fttiitrmeHt.
m
July 1. 1KH>. balaiuM' uiit^xpemled fS. 241. ."A
Amount npiiropriat^-d l\v act appmvod Si'iiIi-iiiIh^t IW 181*0 4l^0fln.iirt
4a. 341. 5.%
Juno 3l», 1M»1. amount expemled durinp; tis«al year 4,5lVI.5i$
July J. l>iin, bahuHi- unoxpeml«Ml %^ 7411.99
July J. I-'^IM. oiit>f;in«liii;; lial»ilili«'s 4H98.W
Julv 1. \>>\*\, amount ooNcred l>v unr(iniplct«Hl fontnirts 16.979.00
July 1. 18iM. balanre available 2Q!,i63L90
Amiuint v<'!«tiniate(l) required for oompletion of existing project 193yOO0LOO
Amoiint that canbeprotitably oxprndedinliscalyeareDdiiijrJimedO, IMS 189^000100
Snbmitted in fom]dianrt* with requirements of seotions 2 of rivep and
harbor acts of It^V and 1807.
1
2. ABOVE NASHVILLE (337 JOLES)— FROM NASHVIUiE TO HKAD OF
SMITHS SHOALS.
VoY steamboats drawing: not more than 3 feet the Cnmberland Biver
is navi«ral>1o 4 to (> mouths in eaoh yeai* to Point Bomsidey Ky^ and
for boats of greater dratY from 2 to 3 months. To Carthage (BMNitli
of Caiiry Fork^ 118 miles, the river is navigable for steambcMita of
:ih feet draft from 0 to S months, and for those of greater dnil 4 to 5
nroiiths. Steamboats of light draft ean ascend to BortuviDe (238
miles I for fn»m .*> to 7 iixmths and large boat« 4 or 5 months.
The appropriations for this sivtion from 187t> to 1884, aniountiiig to
•^''>27,<NKK were expended in eh\iring the channel of snags and other snr-
faee obst ructions, exeavation at worst shoiils, with use of wing duns, asd
lias resulted in an increased depth at several of the principal ob^iiK-
tioiis, giving a safer and longer period of na^igation•
The instrumental surveys made in 1882 and 1883 from the head of
Smiths Shoals to Nashville furnish the basis of the present project fe
the radical im]U'o\ eiuent of the Cumberland Kiver above lifashirille. The
plans nuide under these surveys provided for 23 locks between Nashfifr
and Tiiiut Hurnside. and 7 locks for Smiths Shoals, at an estimated colt
of .'?4,t»77.1»2L*.
Locks of larger dimensions than those contemplated in the orijiBd
)»roject and estimat<»s having lH?en recommendeil by the Board crffii||i-
lucrs an<l approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of War, it
has iMMinm' iiec(\ssary to revise these estimates. Plans and estimates ibr
lorks Nt»s. 1 ;nid - havt* been prepaivd and contracts for portions of Ac
work have been made, from which it is now estimated thateacli look and
dam will cost not less then -^i^^.VMHK). An estimate of the section ftiHi
Naslivilli' to Toiut Ibirnside. provided 23 hK*ks be found necessary,
amounts to •S.\7.*>o.(KM». and to continue the improvement to the head of
Smiths Shdiils. with 7 additional locks and dams of equ^ cost, weald
amount to .ril.7.">t».<H»o more, or a total of ?7,o(HMK>0, an increase of tlie
original estimate by >(.'>.4i'LM)78. which nnxlitication is made and sab-
mittt^l in tliis report. l>y iiK-reasing the lift of the lockn it maybe
found i)o<>il»lc to decreast* their number and thus complete the improve-
ment at a reduced c<»st.
The ;u't of August \ l>^sr».:)|>propri:iting-^75,<HM>. specifically provided
for tlii> wiirk of ranali/atitai **with a view to setMire in the channel a
depth oi' 1 tcet. cinumcnciiig with the liK-k at or near the lower islaiid
^ APPENDIX EB—SEPORT OF LIEUT. COL. BARLOW. 2271
at NiUflivilli-,*" mill wiw loIlDwed by th»i rtppropriatiniiH (if Aii;iust II,
ISSS, ♦:.'(H),(MKl, und of 8ei>t ember lit. 18!H), «25y,00(l.
Tli(> ikiiioiint expended, including Miit^taiidiDg iiidi^bl«dii<>.sK, to tiw
cIoDc of t he tisc^ yetu*, Jiiue 30, 18(H), for the constiuction of loeku and
flams under the exi.sting project was $47,762.13, the $30,000 sppropri-
at«l by act of July 5, 1884, hiiving been expendett in ehnnnel work, a*^
horviuWfore stated. This sum of $47,702.13 v/as applied, as provided
by enid m% !n tlie examination and purchase ol' lauds for niteii, i-oii-
Rtruution uf Lot^k No. 1, lockkeeper's house, und coutingeucies pcrt.nin-
ine to the entire work.
Xocl (tiid Dam No. 1, — The construction of Look No. 1 was continued
by the contractors, Holmcfi & Wilk, through the months of July, Au-
fnii^t, Si'ptember, and October, when work was suspended on acj^ouut
of high water. Work was resumed in May, as soon as the stage of water
Ijenriittt-d, and has been in progress since. Unusually high water haa
prt'Vitilcd during the past two seasons, there having been but 69 daya
when the stage of water peiiuitted of the contractors working upon the
lock silt". Dun'ug the fiscal year the contractors have been able to re-
move only 1,691) cubic yards of earth and 10,855 cubic yards of rock
from the lock pit. Eight hundred and forty-two and one-half cubic
yaxtbi of stone were quarried and cut and accepted by the United States
for the masonry of the lock.
Th« style of dam to be constnieted in connection with Lock No. 1 was
rt>ferrcil to a Board of Engineer Officers consisting of Col. O. M. Poe,
Lieut. Col. W. E, Merrill, and Lieut. Col. J. W. Barlow. This Board, in
report to the Chief of Engineers dated November 16, 1889, gave a con-
tingent approval to the construction of a movable dam of the bear-trap
st>'Ie, but recommended that its final adoption be postponed until the
result"* iif tin' wmkiTty: tif the dam then in use at Davis Island, Oliio
Biver, be made known. At a subsequent session this Board, in report
to the Chief of Engineers dated November 26, 1890, withdrew the con-
tingent approval of the bear-trap dam, and a fixed dam as outlined in
the rei>ort dated March 30, 1KS7 (see Annual Report of the Chief of En-
gineers for ISHS, pages 1022 tii 1020), was approvc<l, the preparation
of the proje<'t in detail being ■• left to the lo<al engineer." The Board
of Engmeer Officers in rcpm-t of November 25. 1890, recoiiiui ended that
in the case of Iiock Xo. 2 certain points be further examined, and these
recommendations were embo<lied in the detailed proje«-t tV)r lock, dam,
and abutment at the site of Lm-k and Dam No. 1, tninsmitted to the
Chief of Engineer.-* March 0, 1H!H, This detailed project was referred
to Board of Uugiueers constituted by Siiecial Orders No. 17, Headquar-
ters Corps of Eiigint-ers, Washington. 1>. C, March 14, 1891 , consisting
of Col. William P. Oraighill, Maj. A. Mackenzie, and Maj. D. W. Ijock-
wood, all of the Cori»s of Engineers. In their report of April 20, 1891,
to the Chief of Engineers, the Boanl states that it does not appear nec-
essary to make specific provision in connection with masonry for the use
of turbines or Fontaine valves; approves the plan of dam and the mod-
ified i>hin of the abutment; recommends the use of onlinary balanced
valves in place of Font^iine valves for the filling culverts; approves the
plan of steel gates similar in design to the gates now in use on the
Mus4!le Shoalft Canal; suggests that no provision be ma<le at present
for other than hand power in couiiection with the appliances for oper-
ating the gates and valves.
During the fiscal year contract was entered info with Henry F. Holmes
on Octol>er 17, 1890, fur the construction of tiie masonry of Lock No. 1.
A further increase in tlie amount of mawmry beyond existing contracts
2272 KEFOKT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. JJBMT.
is railed for. and is due to the substitution of masonry for the natun
rock, which was at iirst thought pmotieable for the land wall, and totii<
cha)i«^c in hci<2:ht of walls resulting from the adoption of a fixed dan
iustead of the movable dam recommended by the Board of Engineer
November 20. 1S<M>, and approved by the Chief of Engineers; and thi
"increase will probably be provided for by modifications of theoonlnct
of Holmes <S: Wilk aiid Henry F. Holmes, now in force.
Contract was alst) entered into May 30, 1891, with Holmes & Wilk, o
Nashville, Tenn.. for the constnictiou of the abntmeut of the dam, an
485 cubic yards of cart h were excavate<l in June for site. Spet'iiflcation
will be prepared and other pix) visions made for the building of the dan
and the ci>nstruction itself commeiu'ed, as soon as the lock work i
sulttciently advanced.
Lock aiid I him Xo. x\ — The sites of Lock No. 2 and lockkeepei^
house were ]>urcliased October 7, 1881^ and the lands have been ii
closed. The land for site of abutment of Dam No. 2 was condemnei
t4) the use of the United States May 2,^1891, and decree recorded M^
Kn ISOh and (ressiou of jurisdiction secured under the provisiona a
th(* a<'t of the twenty-seventh general assembly of the State of Tenn«
see. api»roved March 17. 1891.
The itroject for Lock No. 2, made in iK^cordance with recommendf
tions of r>oar<l of Engineers constituted by Special Orders No. <H
nea<lquarters of Corps of Engineers, October 16, 18M, as Bubmitta
in their report of November 23, 189(^ to the Chief of Engineers, ha^
in;; been a]>])rove<l by the Chief of Engineers, advertisenieuts invitinj
l)ro[)osals were issued and contract entere<l into on February 24, IMl
with Ivich iS: Holmes, of Nashville, Teun., for all tiie mamniy a
Lock No. 2. including cotferdam and excavation for foundations. A
soon as the stage of water permitted the contractors began bidldiaj
the cotVcnlam, which wink was in pi-t^gress at the dose of tlie flwi
year, and :>.(MN) mhic yar<ls of earth were excavated for lock site.
The I'liited States snag boat Weifzel has been employed aiuce Jana
ar\ . ]s;m, to the close of the tist^al year in the removal of anaga, aand
bars, and surface ohstriu'tions generally between Burnside, Ky., aw
Nashville. Tcnn.. it having been rebuilt and fitted up with anaggiaj
appliances .sptM-ially for channel work in the Onmberlaiid Biver.
\V<»i k as statrd was done at the following places, vi«:
I.iH alii V,
Iiuni*i«li- .mhI \U inity
W;Ul>1"i!ii >|i<'.rl-
Ki'ilitiii; *"i« t Ix
Voril NI.mhI < liiiii-
Simi"""'!! I..iimIiiiu
Mill S|uiiu 1 .iiiil:iiL:
l!iilinril»i>ir I.:MnliiiLi
I';irlni«.li -linaN
Kail ( t** k I,;iiii|inn
Mt»nn\\ 1 • iT^
'Niiniiiin Ki« I
(laiMiH I.«.l;iii<l riniti'
TtiMinas riiaiii'li I.aiuliii^
Kuiii^i-\ I.aiitliii:;
llai moil Slu".*!-
AViilli'm k Shn.iN
IMk Nlaiitl rinitr '
AVild • J«"«»-«' Slio.il
IihIi.iii < r« tk Slm.ll
Gl.ili.iiii l.aihliii;^
Mills
1h lo\>
liiini-
>iih.'.
SllHilS
re-
nmvcil.
140
a-
io'
'1
;k>
1 tl'l'S
irut.
7«.>
.VJl
00
•j«m
i:t
iwwia-
»'r» re-
moved
vanU).!
Buoys
plured
llU
ilMiia.
ICigoaUuMoia
One Mnkcn bana mini.
Vlm-cd 60 obUd VH^ m
:s.>
S.I
inilam. ■
]«* (i
14. -J
li'. -
.1-1 .)
.1 > ••
J 4
■ I
L'7:»
:to
4ri
f ^ ^M*. JU||A<|M«
:.'>. ■»
■j!» r»
2
8
■ •0.
■
III. «)
II. 1'
:j
:::'A)
.'HI. 7
«»
•1
■ 1 ■•
. 1.1. .1
.'I.:-.
. • • . > ■ ■
10
APPENDIX E E — KEPOHT OF LIEUT. COL. BARLOW. 2^73
LftertJlj.
U11»
below
jS
Tree.
Bowld.
(cublo
y«dW.
Bao;a
plSGCl
dBDU.
M[>cl^iluluuus.
|.
Eft4
B1.3
u.g
M.4
i!
nil
M.
IM.
J0§:7
I««!7
1!
2W.0
me
ii
»
E2«
1
19
U
«
i«
•I
1
T
WW
ISgaSr'.::::::;;::
^ _^ __^
KSSaaar-::::::.
»
.[
i
sit
■s
'
Wniew 6nm lABdbii
IS
B
! »
IM
MS
13«
iS
88
ii
8,2s£siSr!^.''.'r'..
780
too
la tt«M dea.i^ued, t«inpa.
M»
I
KS'ASS'Si"^'::::::
0 IMM diinlpnoj.
Brt*MB LonD Iidud and
jitila dam rupalrod.
sa
i-
18
1
i?
ISO
T,793
1,011
1,709
SI
The aoioiiut ex)ieiid«I during the fiscal year for tlie above named
chaunel work and the contingencies pertaining thereto wa« $^,374.4(>,and
waw i)aid from the upuropriatiou for "Improving the Cumberland lliver
above the mouth of JelUco, KcTitucky," a«t August 2, 1882. (See sec-
tiou 3.)
The following contraets wvre in force during the fiscal year: For con-
Htnietiou of masoiiiy of Luck No. 1 uiiil the abntnient of Dam No. l,with
Holmes & Wilk, of' Nashville, Tcnu., «*^^ptembei- 19, 1888, and May M,
1891, and Henry F. lloliiieti October 17, ISOO; and for construction of
miu«onry of Ixx-k No, 2, with Ei4!li & Holmes, of Nushville, Tenn,, Feb-
rnary 24, 1801.
The amount expended during the yeiir, including outstaudiiijiindebt-
ediitttoi, from the apjiropriation for improving Cumbeihind Biver above
NiMhville, was $31,(M0.2ti.
The |irosi((a.'liv(' iid\aiiliiji<i to the commerce, as well as present bene-
fits to the coniiniiiritj-, are the extuuBiou of the lower river trade to
EMG 91 143
.
2274 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
lH»ints above Nashville as last as the locks can be completed and util-
ized, and for the upper river the oi>euiug up of a cheap and safe meiu
of traQSi)ortatioii for the almost imliiiiite<l mineral and forest lesonrcct ]
of the Upper Ciuuberlaiid Valley. A steamboat Kne is cnperating be-
tween Biu'ksville and the head of navigation, Bumsidey indepaidentof
the Nashville trade.
It is deemed advisable to rei)eat the recommendation of the last An-
nual Reports:
That the section of river horn Bumside to the Kentucky State Une
has claims for immediate improvement quite as great as thoae onttB
ixu-tion dire<'tly above Nashville.
The fa<'ilities for carr\in^ on the impi'ovement from Point Bnnuide
are equal, if not superior, to those at Nashville.
Stone ior locks, of excellent quality, can be found near at hand, while
all other supplies, esi>ecially iron, can be obtained via Cincinnati n^
idly anil at the lowest possible cost.
These considerations lead to the suggestion that it may be ad^iMUe
n> sululivide the Cumberland Biver above ^Nashville to head otSwiQa
Shoals, Kentucky, and the appropriations for its improvement into
three sections:
Xdai.
(1.) In Tfunessee, above Nashville ISO
(2.) Id Kent iickv, below Point Bumside HSft
(3.) At Smith Shoals 10
The amount herein asked for, 81,000,000, can be profitably expended
in the const miction of dam and abutment of TxNsk No. 2, in piucuiBf
sites necessary for, and the construction of^ Locks and Dams 3mm. 3 and
4, and to hc<^in a lock either at the foot of Smith Shoals, or at thenp-
])er lock of the series between Nashville and Bumside, or boilL if sirf-
ticient funds are made available so that the work of Io(^ consoractiai
at the three points can be prosecuted in an economical, advantageoUi
and etiicient manner; otherwise, the oi)erations to be confined to fke
lower ItH'ks, 3 and 4, as before stated, and such work as majy be fixnid
uiM-essary in maintaining a safe, navigable, open-river channel dmiBg
the ]>eriod of lock c<mstniction. It is respectfiilly nrged that ^leeitt
provision be made for this work of clearing away the sarfieioe obstnK-
tions brought down by the annually I'ecnrring floods. Mmilar in ehane-
ter and ell'ect to that providing for the uninterrupted work of snagnaK
upon the Ohio l^iver in section 13 of the river and harbor act of ocf^
tember 10, 1800.
Ori>i:inal estimate for ini})rovin^ Cumberland Kiver by loekB and
dams from Naslivillc to head of Smiths Shoals ^i^fm^WB^^B
lurreasod in iSOl to ^OOaODOlM
Amount ap))ro]>riated fiKODOlM
Anumnt expended, including outstanding indebtednees and amount
covered by contracts 8Q6^Stti9
Money iftafement.
July 1, J^JO, balance unexpcntbMl lUB^MLft
Amount ap])ro)>riated by act a]>proved Septcm1>cr 19, 1890 SSQ^QOOLM
47BtMLft
June 3(^, ISUl, amount expended during tiscnl year SH^SLll
July 1, 1^(l^, balance nnex]H'nded iiUlM W
July 1, iwn. outstandinj: liabilities $150.06
Jnlv 1, ISiU. amount covered Itv uncompleted contiacta .... 231,207.94
W,i
July 1, ISltl, balance available •.•••.••.••••••••••. SU^flBLll
• «i^JS3
^™ APPENDIX EE — HErOBT OF LIBUT, COL. BABLOW. 2275
{Auiuiilil (t>atimittei1) roqiiiitMl fur tom]ilettou of exjatiug pruiiu't #6, IITii, 000. CM
Auiuuiit tbiit cui be protitably eKnouileil in Usfiil year i>iiitiiii( .Iiini-
30. 1«W 1,000,000.00
Siiliiiilttvil In coniiilUui'i- williTfoiiilreiuvtitSof wwliuus^ uf rlvuriiuil
tu(rliur»<'l«orig0Uaii<1 \im.
3 CUMBKK1.AN0 IllTliB ABOVK MUflU OV TUE JKLLICO, KKNTtHiKY.
No work hiu« bwii iUhui mi (his f<cL'tioii of the rivtT sUw-olWl', The
u|>|troiimtiiiii of $5,WK), imuk- by H<-t of Aiij;iiNt :i, lS8*i, and lii-ld ovvr
aiiu uiH-'xiM'iuled, wjui Uiadp livailiible by tlie act of September 10, IWIll.
for vxpewMtui'e. anil to " Ix' ujiplii'd t^i the reiuovHl of snag» mid t«aiiU
bars in tliv «aid (!iiiiil»-rhui.I i:jvri iil.ovr Ntwhville, T.-uu."
Tlio wini of $;S.3'i.H' It.if^ lii'ii ■^11 f\|itMideil during ttiv fir^vaJ yuur.
For work doiiu f^va "Abovt- Nu.-.li\illi!.*'
Aloiiep nUtlement.
Jnlj 1, 1H90, balance iineipeiided uud avuilitlite by not ftpprared Soptrni-
hetl9, imo - , «5.tl00.00
JuiidSO, IW>1. luiiouiit oipenilo'l (liiTiiig Haual year 3,3T4.i6
Julj I, lS)I,b*laii™uuMi«iiiiI«d 1,625.M
Julj 1, l«II,uut«taiiiliH({liftbUilifa 815.Sa
Jiilj 1, UWl, bHlauce avuiiuUle 810.03
Ahttrael of propotuU for part
[Openul »Vlirii«ry :;7, \<
I'uiHlHTlaiid ItiKi-r.
lUlunil, A";/., Mum mouth of
Htorj C. Joiu», Miii-
A. J. WIiltaryVKiH-li
LiIuiLIU'
J. W. Unnliun-, Hal-
Tiii.l-i- uuk,
Slun-i rip.
l.Lr,.rrtrt.
DniHli Id
|,lafo (3,5«)
lUllI
Ida).
1
Tolal
I
1
Tirtal
cost.
luUl MMt.
p2.5«!»i«W^»0.M»9.(ia4
¥>.1V
p.', 7115
W.W1
ISffl.SO
(IB. 079. «
K.OO TTfl-OO
.»'.,««
.w
3, If*
.DB
a'i.iXI
17,S7S.«)
24. DO' m-w
'■■>■'■"•
LOO-
3,5011
.Ofi
270.1X1
1II.S90.00
LT.W M3.«>
L5i
S.*2S
.07
315.00
SLIULW
„..] s=.„
i.«iia,u.
1.2J
*,PT5
.ni
moo
3n,7*fl»
™.iloll,ll«.5U
Ill' 10,™
t»15
■'*
030.00
»,c«.w
..»l „..„
i.KlU,«W
■J,ju
H,7SU
.wi| ai».s»
90.&U.B8
M>rllllr»1^ to Kuarsmy informal,
ContriKt enterud iulu ivitli t-'ri^deiick Hartwi:^ March 12, 1891,
1276 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP EKG1MEEE8, U. 8. ASHY.
Ahatract of propoiait for compietion of notonry of lock Ho. I, Cumirrliiiti Bi
lOpcoicd SvptviiiU'i- IS. imi, bj Lteut. CoL J. TT. Bulow, Corpt at liiislD«an.]
I I t.<K>kcnDstnii.'tlun— luiiniry. I
"■■ ^'"""jisi""" °;;?.j' "■■■'«""'£"/» "'"'»'■"■ ■ *™" ^»»"i"i~-
I nfln'lilT. (I.B-J ,w»,.nirtt "''I'Jt* I<.<iuted ! (Wrublc ! (IWIIUnir
I ,',3;. '■"■'«■ I ,'.Si. i»a;i', "■«•>■ i "«■ i
1 Hrnrv T. Ilnlmo,
'^Nwlivlllr. Tiiiii.... tS.TiO fll.DU si:
nt.'lV.ni.|nl.7V.«i.vd':IV.KH./t..
M>! •l&OI) tM.w| •I.EkXK.WN
»: S\00 < .» AM.*
V F. Hiilnu-a Uttolwr IT, 1891.
f I.«,k .Y
[■1. Iiy Lii'i
C'liL J. \V. Duloir, Coipt of EngimMn.]
iirli'S ltlt;)i iinl ll;'ii
Wiii.Vulri.k.l-111
(H:'> lim-ar Kii-Hvation.
r<-<'ti.
ruhlej«td«l.j ynJrt.
i: l"!^
ToUl
i
1
Toft 4 JMd
-1r
tiS «ftK« #l.-.'0 ;*i.oo
SI ' u,ii:i> .M> - i.u
!!■ i-j,;iw ..-Hi 2.00
SI 14. si:-! ..'.s a. 00
11, IM
.SU
.«o
H.»s'*LMitl.«
<^" i
= ' -51 1
f
«im7.
Anh«.
i 4%
h
H
Bl .
Jl In
t 5L II
'4
If
al El
J' 1
iflf
i.
t
PP
j,„ -., ^1
«I».TS
y-:.:- 1
-'■*" '
.i". in.;." ::i.oii
2«.m
"BR — REPORT OF LIBUT. COL. BAHLOW. 2277
del of propoiaUfof bmldius atffrrdnat, luiiii'dfing toek pit, elc.—Cin\iU.me.i\,
II
n
It
IS
111
Jii
It
P
ToUl«.«l.
Crnri'l l-Uil
«
7.0*
.10
nsl, WT. so
imImi-oc
181.327 51)
,78. M
p«WBk.*PL<toL..N.ir
1W.IB7.IW
«t entered into irith Rich &. Holinea FebruAif 34, 1891.
COUMKRCIAL S
If and ftflimp Xathville, TVbh., .from /nlii /, /SflO, (o Aiie 30, ISSt.
Ttlsln.
NuhviUo.
Nwh.me.
ArtloliM,
NMLvUle.
NuhTlUc.
ti»
. 408
IMIS
ifn
rin
MS
233
^'"'"'■"-'"■- "
9,HS
ami ItiLlIi-i- r-.-iiiiliu';, Mil 11! tn|.s
2278 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ASMT.
TAst of sfeamhoats (stem wheel) plyhtfj on Cumberland River below Xanhrille.
Name.
£. G. Iliigon
Dover
llS.Uheu
.T. 1*. Druuillanl
John Fowler .. .
(.•haH. A . Hlackuian .
K.T. Holuiau
Length.
Breadth.
F^et.
Feet.
165
31
120
20
i(r>
80
165
3L
140
28
61
18
68
17
Draft.
Depth.
Tho jihove steamers made 55 trips hotweoii Nashville, Tenn., and Evaiisville, Ind.,
and 45 trips between Nashville, Tenn., and Padiicali, Ky.
List of steamhoaU (stern wheel) plying on Cumherland River abate NashtiUe,
Name.
r.T.Khra...
J.J.Odil.-..
tlolin Fowler
.I.W.Hart..
Pearl
Length.
Feet
IW
140i
140
165
Breadth.
Feet.
•M
28^
28
28
24
IVpth.
Toimage.
Draft
Light.
Lotded.
Feet.
J*
198.54
220.18
Ineh^.
18
16
18
Feet.
3!
.
18 =
140
78.08
16
2
The above named steamers made 78 round trips from Nanhville, Teun., to Buni'
side Ky., jnul Jl^ trijjs from Nashville to Obed (Obey) River and return.
pro.tect of lieutenant (colonel j. w. rarlow, corps op engi-
• nkkrs, for lock, dam, and abi'tment at lock and dam no. 1,
cumbkrland river, tennksske.
Engineer Office, U. S. Army,
Xatthrille, Tenn.j March .9, 1S91.
General: 1 liav(» the lumor to siil)mitli(Tewith the following detailed
l)ro|(M*t for lock, (lam, and abntment at the sit<i of Lock and Dam No. 1,
<'niHl)('rlan(l IJiver, as proposed ]>y the Jioard of Engineer Oflieerswm-
veiHMl by Si)(»<ial Orders Xo. OS, IIead<iuart<»rs Corps of Engineers, Oc-
tober 1(>, 1SS<), and rend<»red in eoinplianec with indorsement of De<^in-
b(M- o, 1<S1)0, on eo]>y of rejunt of said Board dated November 26, 1890.
A j^eneral plan of th(» sit<s to which reference is invited, showing the
location of the ]>roi)osed works, was forwarded to the Department with
my lettt^r of June 28, 18SS.
The* report of the Board of En <»ineers of November 26, 1890, disooeses
only the sul)j<*et of the dam, but as the indorsement reqnires a project
for botli lo<'k an<l <Uim, it is Ixdieved that the report of November 25,
ISOo. by the sann* lioanl n])on Lock No. 2, C-nmberland River, should
s(»rve as a f»:nide in proposing*; a project for Lock No. 1.
1 therefore transmit lierewith:*
* Not printed.
I APPBNDIX EE EEPORT OP LIEUT, COL. BAELOW. 2273 *
1. A tnwing Hhowing cross-sertion plan and oievatiop of the proiKised
lam fur IjOck No, !. Tlie desigu for this dam lias been a^lopted, afhT
i-atefiU f«unidrr:ilioii oi' tin.' lali'nt ]n:if(i.-<' in iliiui building, esjH^cinlly
jn the Monon^rahrliL mid Mii-.kiTi-;inii riviTs, and is bolicvod to imwspss
requimtf stri'iifiiii ^md diii;ilij)ity. Tin' li.nndjition boing of solid riM-lc,
lio duiigcr of undi'iiuiiiiiifi is aiiliri|iii(i'il.
'J. Tracing sliowing pri»iM)S('tl nietliod of riMistttu-liiif; tlu' ulniliiicnt,
including cross spi^tiuu. pliin, and elevation. Thi' i jmi sidf nf iliif^iilnit,
inPOl will ht: of rock -face inastmiy, except wluai it jr^ jnjucil by Hie
lam, and there the surface and the coping will hv of i)oiut(;(l face Crib
work lUh'd with stone will be carried downstream I'rom tJie lower end
if almtnient iut far as n^ay l>e found ueceB^ary to protect tho bank f^om
Htour. Paving will also be added where required.
3. TVariug showing plan, elevation, and cross section of lock.
Thfwe drawings conform in all i'e8i>ect» to the suggestions made by
the Hoard for Lock No. 2, including use of four independent turbines
for operating the gates and valves. This drawing does not show tho
location and ftrrangetnent of the necessary shaft^, pulleys, etc., for
Intusmitting the power to the moving parts of the lock. This subject
will be more fully discussed at a subsequent period, after further con-
'•i<leration.
I iim not now entirely convinced that turbines will be as desirable a
motive power as steam, on account of the varying \\ead of wator, which
sill at times be reduced to zei-o and will then necessitate the use of
tome other power. A further study of this question will be made, and
the results submitted as soon as ^tracticablo.
y\y experience in tlie use of iron gates on the Muscle Shoals Canal
itrongly incUncs me to recommend their adoption on the Cumberland
llivcr. 'ITiis fjiicstion was left ojiiMi for further experience, which I now
:Iiink sufficiently waraiits my iavoiable conclusion. Detailed draw-
iigs of the proposed gates, nn'thod of suspension, etc., wQl be sub-
uitted in a subsequent rcjiort, together witli the plans to be recom-
uertded for operating nmchini-ry.
Tlie method of c<nistructiiig the lock by coiitr.ict has already been ap-
>rc»ved, and contnicts for tlu' masonry are now in force.
It is reconiint'iidcd that tlic lock a|iproaclics, dain, and abutment be
•onstmcted by contract attcv advi^rtising in the usual way.
Following are estimates lor comiiK-tion of lock and approaches, dam,
W(l abutment, in detail, except for opfiatingnuwhinery, which isneces-
tarily approximate. Tlu; Jiitti'v will be snbmitte<l with the detailed
regtort thereon.
An increase in the anionnt of masonry beyond existing contracts is
aece.ssarj* and is due to the siilistitution of masonry in the land wall for
natural rock, at first tiion<;lit iirair [cable, and to the change in height of
walls resulting frnin tiic adii|itiiin of a ti\<>d dam instead of a movable
dam by the Board of Engineers and apjucivcdby theChief of Engineers.
Cubic yotda.
Am..iiiit ot"niaTOnrvre<]nir.'rl 12.070
Aiii.Miiil ..l-i.iiis,.iirviiii.l.*i Mnilr^i. t 7,547
Aiii...i|j( iiiiiinnirk.afMi-. .iii,.i.>>.il,-ri.iiii riiiiisuiiiv ri.r n«tiir;.l l-.)rk .... 2,123
.MnuuTit ,tii.' ti. iniivas...! !i..i;:li. ..t u^.lN 2,400
The Hist of these items .niglit ]n<ipfrlv to be added to the contract of
Hohnes & \Vilk.<lat.'il .s,'|,reiul>.-r 1!*. isss, and the second to that of H.
V. Holmes, dated Uctobcr 17, 161IU,
2280 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EN0INEES8, U. A.
Eutimate of cott of Lock Xo. 1 and its approaeket, ^mm^mad
('oflVnlain. Imilt $6^021
Kxoavation. lock pit, part completed 33L425
MnHonry uiuler ooiitraots T6L6I5
MaHoiiry iinprovidc<l for by coiitraotH 381 SM
Kxravatioii above lock. . /. 1€^ (MX)
<;uanl cribs 2. 155
iiraiiin^ and paving bank 6L550
t>atcB and o]H}rating uiachinerv 30l 000
$18ifll
Fixed dam 47,600
Abutment :
Masonry, estimated at prices bid by Ilcdmes & Wilk, August
♦5. 18^» 8^421
i^hore protection, grading and paving bank ^267
10.flBB
(;ran«l total 312,
Very respectfully,
J. W. Bablow,
Lieut CoL of Brngtm^tn,
Brig:. (lOii. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U. S. A,
[Fint imlor»einent.]
Office Chief of Exgineebs,
17. S. Abxt,
March 12^ 1891.
Ti<»s]M'('t fully submitted to the Secretary of War with reoommeDdft-
tioii th:ii tlie withiu project be referred to a Board of Engineers to con-
sist «d' Col. W. I\ Craiy;liill. Maj. A. ^Mackenzie, and Mig. D. W. Lock-
wood, of the Corps of £n«riueers. for consideration and report; flie
l>oanl to meet ;it 5s'asliville. Teiiii., u^ion theeaH of the senior member.
Witli ap])roval of tlu^ Sisnetary the order confltitntingthe Board wfll
he issued froui this otiiee and the exi>euse8 of the Board wiU be paid
from aiipropriatiou for iuiproviug Cumberland Biver above Xashville.
Thos. Lincoln Gaset,
Brig. 6eif., Chief of Efigineert.
War Depabtxent,
March 13^ 1891.
App]>roved as n^'ouimeuded by the Chief of Engrineers.
r»y or<h'r of the Artiuu' Secretary of \Var.
Saml. HolKfriaNs,
Acting Chitf OleriL
\lV.Vi)\lT OV UOAUn OF EXGINEKKS ON PKOJECT FOB LOOK, DAM,
AM> \V>\ I'Mr.M' AT !.<H'K AND DAM NO. 1, CUMBEKLAND BiySB,
•ii:n\i:sskk.
(ir.NKKA!.: TIm' ]\o\\h\ of Knjiiueer Officers, constituted by Speeial
Orders No. 17. lbMd«|narr«'rs. Corps of Kn«i:iiuHM*s, Washington, D. C:(
Marth 14. ISJM, "to iousidrr and report upon a pwjec^tfor look, dam,
ami abutimMit ar site of Lock ami Dam No. ^Cumberland ri ver,*^ met at
Nashville. TtMiii.. on April 10, 1801.
" IPPENDIX EB — RBPOBT OP LIEUT. COL. BAELOW. 2281
Huviug visit«tl and exuiiiiiiod the 8tt« as thoroughly an ttie stage of
th« river iwrniittod, inid i-oiisidered fully the pIuiiH j)re!Jeiit*ii and all
avuilubkt iuforuiatioii beariiijj; upon the work, the Board has tlm Iionur
tu 8utimit the following report.
'Thv iiiHtnictions of tlie Board are found in an indorsement of the
Chief of Engineers, <tat«d March 14, 1801, onlho projuet mibmitt«i] by
Livut CoL Barlow, Corps of Engineers, andcr date of Mavcli 9, 1891.
and they require the consideration of and a report upon the mtlxject
nwttex of »ach project,
Th« project presents plans for the masonry of a lock, for » ftxcil dam,
and for the abutment of such dam. Reference is made in thg project to
tbogiMierulplun of site, forwarde<l to the Chief of Giigineevs with letter
of Jauu 2», 1888. The project also refers to the relative ailvantagfis of
tarbinee aud steam power for operating gates and valvt'fi. the use of
Iron gates, the substitution of masonry tor natural rock in tJie land
wall, the method of carrying out work^on dam imd abutment, and gives
estimates of cost of the work. The plane proposed by the local
trngineer for the gates, valves, and for operating miwhinery were pns-
sented to aud considered by the Board.
A Board of Engineer Officers, which was constituted by Special Or-
ders J»o. 43. Ueadquaiters, Cori»s of Engineers, Washington, D. C,
March 12. 1887, submit ted, under date of March 30, 1887, a report upon
Lock and Diim No.- 1, Cumberland River (pages 1622-1626, Report of
Chief of Engineers for 1888); In this rejwrt the dimensions of lock,
looAtiou of IwM and dam, and the details of lock, tlxed dam, and abut-
ment are thin'oughly discussed and recommendations are made. The
recommendations of the Board were approved by the Chief of Engineers
and the Secretary of War,
A -■■iDiid iJomil of Engineer Olflccrs, conslitut4:d by Spwiul Orders,
So. 68, Headquarters Corps of Engineers, Wai<hington, J). C, October
Ifi, I88!t, to consider the proposed dam at Lock No. 1, Cumberland River,
in a rei>ort dated November 16, 18S!), ;favc a contiiit;('ut approvsdto the
lonstrnctiou of a inovuble dam iiisliinl nt tlif fi\ii| dam prop«se<l by
ilie first Board. Tliis Itnind, in a Mib-i i|iiinf ii|Kut dated November
•2*i, 18!K), forreastniK tlicrcin given, wjllnlivw its iVmner suggestion an<l
DMJommeuded the cunstiiictioii of a lixi;d diiin, as at fli'st proposed.
This Board also had under consideration the plans, elevation, and cross
se4'tions of Lock No. 2, ('umberlaud River, aud appi-ovistl of the same,
with some slight niodilii-ations. The first re^wrt of this Board (report
iif Chief of Engineers for 1890, pages 2143 et seq.), recciveil the ap-
proval of the Chi(if of Engineers ami Siicretary of War, and the sub
sequent reports ha\e been favorably acted upon by the Chief of
Engineers.
The lock. — The plan, elevation, and cross sections for Ijock No. 1.
< *umberland River, presented by Lieutenant-Colonel Barlow, Coi-ps of
Kngineers, with liis project datc*l March 9, 181)1, are in accordance with
llie recommendations of the i-ejKirt of the Boanl of Enginoei-s dattnl
March 30, 1887, and arc ahnost iif.Mitical with tjje plans as approved
l»y a Board in a report dated No\ ciiilu-r i;."i, 1S!HI. lor Lock No. 2. Con-
Ii-acts for the excavation lit rliL' lyk pit atid tor tiic masonry of lock
liave been enteivd inro. ami tlie Iwrnici' work is well under way.
The plans presented arc rccoiniiiendfd for approval, with the sugges-
tion that, for reasons licicaftcr given, it does not appear necessary to
make special pri)vision. in ■■onnection witb masonry, for the use of tur-
bines or Fontaine valves.
The dam. — Tlic darn proposed is similar in construction to tliose. in
1
2282 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY. ,
surrossful iis<' oil tho Moiionofahela and Muskiiipim rivern, and is in
lUTonlaiUHMvitli tho riMM)inuuMi<latioiis of the HoarcU of EugineerM whicli
liavt* bad tliis <lani iiiulrr raivfiil consideration.
The ])hni of the dam as pn^seiited is reeoniniended for approval.
The alnttmmt. — Tlie Hoard of Eii«rine«»rOttleera considering Lock and
])aiii >'o. 1. Cuinberhind l^iver, in 18S7, made certain reconinieiidations
as to the ahiitment of the dam. A ])1an for an abntment, in connection
^vith a tixed <lam and based on such iveommendations, iras submitted
to tlie (.Miief of Enjrinet^rs and api»roYiMrunder date of June 18, 18d9.
This plan definitely loi^ated the abutment and fixed the length of the
dam at 4.W li^et. Work on the abutment, under the approved plan, was
advertise<l and proposals for the eonstmetion under tbnnal contract
wt4'e r(»i»eived. but no contract for the work was enteitnl into, in couse-
queiice of a reopening of the question of movable and fixed dams.
The plans of the abutment, pivsented for the cH>nsideration of this
Board with the i>roject of March 0, 185)1, are adapted to a fixed dam,
and are a moditication of the appiH>ved plan made by the local engineer
upon the suggestions of the Board of Engineers which had under con-
sideration the question of tixed or movable dam^the modification being
made with a view to reducing the amount of masonry- without affecting
the efficiency of the stmctuiv.
Kither the form of abutment which has been approved or the modifi-
<ation of such form now presented for consideration would serve the
l)urp(»scs for which it was intende<l; but it is the opinion of this Board
that a still further reduction of masoniy can be made without affecting
efficiency by reducing the height of abutment to the height of the
bank where tin* face of the abutment meets the natural slope, bv giving
the toj) of the wing wall or T the same sloi>e as the natural bank.
and by tlu^ ]>rottM*tioii of^the slope of the bank above and back of the
abutuient by substantial ]>aYiiig, The uuMliHcations are in accord with
x\w views of the local engineer, who has submitteil to the Board a plan
<Mnbodying tin* changes pri»]K)se<l.
Valrea. — Plans contemplating the use of Fontaine valves for the filling
culverts and ordinary balanced valves for the emptying culverts were
pres(»ntcd to the r»oard by the hical engineer for consideration. The
o])eration of tin* F«»ntaine cylindrical valve may bo yet c*onsidered as an
cxi)crimcnt, but the successful working of the ordinary balanced valve*
as ])roiK»scd by the loi'al engineer for the emptjing culverts, is a fixed
fact. It is tlu^reforc recommended that the balanced valves be used fiw
the tilling <iilvcrts as well as tor the emptying culverts.
Gates. — Plans for stctl gates, similar in design to but having neater
strength than the gat(*s now in use on the Musi*le Shoals Canal, have
lu'cn presented by the hual engint»er and eonsidewd. The Board ap-
])roves of the plans.
.UavhiiH ry/or oftenttimj tjnivs ami ralces. — ^The original plans for Lock
1, ('ninberlaiid Kiver. proposed tin' use of a turbine wheel for moving
gati's and valves. Tlu» lU)ard of Kngineers. in it« report of November
!*.">. lSi»o, suggested the use of four iudeiKMulent turbines. In flie proj-
ect of ^larcji \K 1S!»1, the local engineer suggests that "on account of
the varying head, which may at times lKM*edu<'ed to zero," steam maybe
t\w more (lesirable power. The Hoard is of the <»pinion that, under the
circumstances, steam w<mhl W more reliable than water |>ower; but it
is of the furtlhM" <»i)inion that, inasmuch as the use of this lock will lie
very limiteil for many years to come, it is nor necessarj- to make any
provision at present time for other than hand power, use being made of
X EE — REPORT OF UEllT. COL. BARLOW. 2283
ii|>l>ltHii('OH ill t'onimoii um-; f hut is, of uitiiplo spivrs tor opt'riitiiig gates
uikI ul' gciidtic jiinl wunill (.'JipsUiiK for upcmtiiif: the valves.
J-Jntimtttm. — Uiiiiy of tin- ili-iiiM. iiiiil tlic I;iri;i->1 oiii's. in lln- I'^liiiiiile
of ».■«»«( of I^K-k No. ], iliini. iidil iihiii 111.. 111. :
prictt. TLc items fur K"'"'^ "|"1 "iirmtiu^i-
Monu'whiit, if Hpprovul iHgivin Ui lltfritiiiiti
1m» uia*It» at i>n!«t'ut- lor otlier thiiii liiin.l |»i
ralvM, A iHnT«-niM>ndiug iiiiii'oaw niiiy '"■ if<|iiiri'ii unti'iii oi uiniiiin-iit,
to provldo for crib work uieiitiout-d in iimjci-t lint mil nUin-il Ui tii ■■Nli-
matf>. It is lifsimblo that »u item !«■ added lo the ealimatt^ for nmtin-
The Itoard would roaituftliiUy reeoiiinn-ml that tlie pi-iupct bo ap-
pro\-«l, sulijwt to thfi iiiodiUeations beiein before nioutioned hh to almt-
inent. valves, power lor operatiug gates, mid eHtiiiiat^s.
K^spectfiilly submitted.
II
\VM. p. CKAHiHII.I.,
Colonel, Corjis of Eiiijiiifert.
A. Mai:kknzik,
Major, i'ln-pH of Engineer*.
D. W. LOCKWOOD,
Major, Corps of Knijineern,
Baltimoek, Md., April S". 7S91.
Bo<nc Island, III., April iti, 1891.
CraoiJWATi, Ohio, April 18, 7H'Jt.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers, U. S. A.
Offi<;k (JntKF of Engineers,
U. 8. Army,
April 3i', }f>f)}.
Bospeotfnlly mibiiiinitted to tin- Sccivhiry .if \\';ii'.
By iiulorsei'in'iit of N.)veiiil)er LM. I s,S!i. i li,- Sciti-I;ii v ..f Way approved
II iiiiHlilteatioii ofUie then exislinj: jiMij.'rt fur dam at Loek >'o. 1. Cinn-
biTltiud River, so as to authorize a in.ival)]e dam at tliat point.
A Iloaixl of Engineers subsei|ui'Titly, Xoveriilier L'll, IHHK, i-eeommeudod
tlie abandonment of tlie plan liir a m.ivald.Mlam at tlu! site i>f Lock >'o.
1, and by authority of the S.'. retary of War a new Itoard was consti-
tuted by Speehil Orders, N.i. 17, Hca'.lijiiarters <'orps of lingiTioer.^,
^Iiireli U, 18!)1, to coiisi.ier and report upon a pr.iject for hick, dam,
mid abutment at this site.
'Die within report of tliis latter Jtoard coiitetnplates tlie construction
of a fixed dam, and the views and rei-omm.Mi.latioiis are concurred in and
submitted with i-ecommendation f.ir approval.
H. M. Aj)Aj«.s,
M'ljor, Ciirps if Kiiiiiiiirrn, in ('li<irfjc.
War Department,
April :.':',, JSfH.
Tlie within report of the lloaiil of Engineers is approved as reeorn-
■neuded by the otticer in chaij^e of tlie ottice of the Chief of ICngineers.
1,. .\. (;iiA?iT.
Aviiiiij SvvreUiry of War.
22S4 RKPORT OF THE CHIEK OF ENQINEKRS, U. S. ABMT.
E E6.
IMPROVKMENT OF CANEY FORK RIVER, TENNESSEE.
This Stream rises in the platoaii of the Ciunberlaiid Moiintaius near
Spai-ta, Teiui., and disi»harges into the Ounilnnlaud River at Carthage,
about 110 miles above Nashville. The Caney Fork River, about i!lMI
miles long, and having its 4*ourse and watei'shed irholly in Tennessee,
is navigable to Frank Ferry, al>out !Vj miles thnii its month.
I'nder provisiims of aet of Congress appiiu'eil thine 18, 1878, an ex-
aminarittn was nmde early in 1S7U fi-om the month of the river to Sligo
Ford, 72 miles. (See Report of Thief of Engineers, 1879, paiges 1275-
1 L*77. ) In compliance with pi*ovisions of aet of Congress approved July
r>. 1.SS4, the examination of 1871> was extendtnl in 1876 fipom Sligo Foid
t<» I'rank Ferry, a distance of 2l> miles. (See Report of Chief of En-
gineers, 1887.pages 17(18-1771.) The channel was found to be obstructed
by uH'k reefs, sand and gravel bars, snags, and overhanging trees. •
The present i>roject. based on the results of these two examinations,
is to improve the 1)2 miles of river from Frank Ferry to it« month by
removing the surface obstnutions and building necessary dams and
training walls si> as to obtain sufficient water for safe navigation for
steamboats drawing not more than 3 feet during the usual boating sea-
s<ni of about o months, from February to July.
The following appropriations have been made for this work:
A« t« of—
Juno 14.1880 #6^000
Marrh3. l.^Sl 4000
Aiiirust '2. 18^2 4^000
Julyr>, 18S4 aOOO
Auuni:it .">. l><8»i SLOOO
August 11. 185<?< 2;500
Soptomber 19, 18i>0 2^500
Ajr^Toirute 25.000
The amount expended to June IMK 1S1H>. incbiding- outstanding in-
debteilnt^ss, was *i*i*.441,00. which was used in i^moving snags, over-
han;;:in*r trees, in reducin*: gravel and sand bars, in i*epainngand build-
ing winjr djuiis. The tiiannel to Sligo Ford, when the river is ata 3-fbot w:»%
stajit' ahove low wat<M'. heing vny much improvtHl. especially at Gluind — j
Wr Island Shoals and Trousdale Ferrv.
Nt> funds were available at the beginning of the tiseal year, and th^»«:
aijpropriation of Sc[iteiHl>er WK 1S<)0. was made too late to take advan-.v.sr
Tage ofthe 1oa\ -water season of that year.
Active o[)erations were resumed .Tune 1. the water having reached K ^
stage >ntlieit'ntly low for good work in the channel. As provideil b^
the act of Septeud>er ll>. ISIH). wt»rk was begun **in accordance with 1
survey" in the channel at Frank Ferry and extended to the foot arz^
Mine Li<lv Shoals, a distance of -u miles, by the close ofthe fiscal year ^j
The upi>er jMirtion of the <'hannel. from Frank Feny to Sligo ToiC^mif,
was esi>e<ially iin]»rovrd In the i>artial removal of some 8 fish-tra^/^
dams and oilier surfaee obstruct ions, which work will be of great benefit/
to the rafts and tlatboais cundni;- down on the next -nun tides."
Al'PENDIX KE — REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. BAMLOW,
If
Ir
DWwuMlFlihTnp..
ITimkrolut....
Upper Allen SbotlB ,
I i^ubio ywilB of
riBiMi lull I 111
I«T*lidHid
•Batmni Fnmk Farrr ud Bllgo Ford S flKh-tmu
I Al Dark^ Ka<ty ItUnd 1 dam 75 fwt laug oim
(nrd. aod 30 wnla oT brntli ven placed in dun.
Duriug the fiscal year the commerce of t)ie Oaney Fork Kiver hns
been entirely in rafts, no st«aniboat8 having plied iijion that Htream.
The merchants say that it is impracticable ttus year to separate and
re^rt the number of logs received from the Caney Fork and the Upper
Cumberland.
Tbe amount ex^iended daring the fiscal year, including outstanding
indebtedness, was $930.50.
EitimAte for improving Caney Fork River from its mouth to Frank
Ferry. $45, 228. 00
AmoDtit appropriatPil 2S. 000. Oil
Amiiniit ezpoiiilril, incliidiiit; ontBtanding indobtciliitss 23, 353.4!)
Money etatement.
July 1, 1890, bftliiiK* iirmxpunilod $77. 01
Amonnt uppnipriatcd by act approved September 19, 1890 2, 500. 00
June 30, 1891, amount ospeuiloil during liscal yes
July 1, 1881, balance iiLjex|iciiilcil
July 1, 1891, outstanding liiibilities
July 1, 1891, balHuco available
{Auiunut (estimated) required for completion of existing projuut.
Auioiin t that can l>eprofitably expended in flscalyear ending Jii""'
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sectlona 2 of
harbor actfl of 1866 and 1867.
2286 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABUT.
E E 7.
IMPKOVKMKNT OF SOUTH FORK OF CrMHKRLAND RIVER, KEXTIVKY.
TliojiiiK'tum ill 'JVniiessoe of Cloar Fork and Xew River loniis rho
South Fork of Ciiuiborland Kivor. From the jimotioiiof those str«\ims
the river tollo^vs a northerly eoursc of abont 88 miles and enters the
Cumberland Kiver near Burnside, Ky.,abinit 2 milesbelow Smiths Shoals.
It was found, on an examination made under pmvisious of aetof Jiuie
14, 188<>, that this stream ccmld not be navigate<l on its upi>er waters
owing to the presenee of great sandstone bowlders, which it was iiii|M>s-
sible to remove. Its l<»wer waters, for a distanee of 44 miles ftiMii its
mouth, were tbund to be considerably obstructed by gravel and sand
bars, rock reefs, and surfai-e obstructions. It was, however, de«Mued
feasible to reduce the reefs and bars, and clear the channel of drift,
snags, and t>verhanging trees, and by the use of wing dams to ecnitraet
an<l deepen t he channel. The projei't as adopte<l looks to this nec*e.^sary
im])rovem(Mit so as to obtain a safe channel for the passage of flatlioats
and rafts at a stage? of the river not lower than 3 feet above average
low water, the improvement to extend fnmi Devils Jamps to the mouthy
a distance of alumt 44 miles.
Tiie f(»IIowing appro]>riatioiis have been made for this work:
Ait of—
An^Mi>i 2, IN<L» $3.0011
Julyr.. l.v<l 4,UW
Au;^usT .", isst; r». OCO
These sums, aggregating Sl-.^MKK have been exi^ended priueiiNilIy at
Sloan Siioals anil Robert Mill Shoals. The channel has been <HUisider-
ably improved and t*leared of surface obstructions for a distance of about
ir» miles al>ove tlu» mouth (»f the river.
No ap)M-(»priation has been made for this improvement since the act
of August T). 1SS<», ami conseepiently no work has been done during the
liseal year ending June 'MK 181U.
Kstiiuat«"j> fur iiM]>ri»vinjr soiiih fork of i'uinlM»rlaiid River, Keutucky:
From Kt'iit luky liiu' to 1 Vvils .1 unips $37, 538. 00
From IVvils Juiiiits to month of river 35^265.00
Total estimrtti- 62,808.00
Amount :i]>]>ro]»riatt*il 12,000.00
Amount exjn inlfd, inrhnlinjr outKtandin«<: in*lel>toclnosi* Ily968.94
Moiu'if statement.
July 1. lSi»o. balaniT uufKiuMided $41.08
July 1. IS'M, l»:ilanir tiUfX|M'nilo(l 41.08
Jul\ 1. IMM, mit^tamliuir lialtilitit'S 9.97
,lnl\ 1. ISJM. lialauri' availahle 31.06
[ Anioiiut K ^iiiiiari i! )iiiuir«-<l foi i-ompli'tiou of rxi^tiujj; |iro,j«rot- SO^SOSLOU
J Amount liiat i au 1m- pintitalily rxprndt'd intiM'a1yoanMHlhi;;j'inioS0, 1898 15,000.00
I Sultmittcil in c om]tliani-«' with ivi|uivrnirnis oi' sertioiiH^ of river and
[ haihtu- at t> nf InU'i and isiiT.
toMMKIJt'lAL STATISTICS.
Snitth hn'k >»/ ( umhfrUmd I\lvti\ h'mhirktf.from July I, IStKf, to June SO^ 1S91^
i-<»^'^ ao^iis
I'limh.r S^OOO
Posts i cedar I
'PENDII EE — HEPORT OP LIEUT. COL. BAELO.W.
prtBlod in IIoiuB Et. Dw.. No. IftH, Finj-aret t.'TOKreiw, leootid swhIoh.]
Office uk thk Chief of EsaiPfEEKs,
United States Abmt,
Waxhiugton, J). 0., January 7, I8B1.
Sir: I have the honor tomilmiif tlii> ii»<.>iiiiiiin>iiig copy of report,
datMJammry 3, 18111, 1)j' Lieut, ('nl..!. W . Ii;iil.iw, Corps of Kngiiioers,
gi\ing resultM of a iirrlimiiuiry cxiiiiiiiiitfiipii tif l-ittlo I'igeon Kiver, from
innnth to Spviorvillp, Tmm,, iiinilc in i-iiiii]j|iitiici' with reqniremeiitA of
llie river and harbor act iipi>nivwi fi(;pttiml)cr 11), WM\
Oolonpl Barlow wtittus that the itiiprovement of thp locality t-^iuld ouly
t»« effected by heavy rock (ixcavulioiis through a number of reefs, or l>y
the cODHtructioii of lockn and daius, in either ca^e involving an expeuete
wliiirii does not seem warranted by the cx)nditioR» now existing. He i»
iht^refore of the opinion that Little Pigeon Kiver from mouth to Seviei-
vUIe is not at preneiit worthy of improvement by the United States,
anil in this opinion I concur.
Very reapectfuUy, your obedient servant,
Tiios. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Engineers,
Uou. Redfielu Pkoctor,
Secretary nf War.
Engineer Office, U. S. Abmy,
Nashville, Tenn., January 3, 1891,
General: I have the honor to present herewith, in compliance with
inHtrnetious containi'il in Department letter of September 20, 1890, the
r*'iH>rt of a preliminary examimitiou of" Little Pigeon River from mouth
to Scvien'ille, " um piovi<led for in act of Congress approved Septem-
ber 10, 1890.
This river is formed by two branehe.s, known as East Fork and South
Fork, wbieli join at Sevierville, in East Tennessee. The river tlows in a
northwesterly course about '> miles and empties into the French Broad
Kiver about i'l miles above Knoxville. The Fi-ench Bioad River itself
in batlly obstructed by nwk i-eefs and is not navigable at it-* low stages.
The navigation of little Pigeon River being deiwudeut uiwu that of
the French RhhuI, it would be useless to do more than to provide for
navigation duriug its medium and higher stages.
1 iM-Tsonally visidwl this river mi the29th and 30th of December, 1890,
and made su<-h examination as was ])ossible without the aid of instrn
inents. Thoiigli the ri\-er was not at its lowest stage, I crossed it twice
by tbrdiug iu traveling from near its month to Sevierville, the depth
at each ford being from 12 to 24 inches. The shoal and rapids were
plainly visible from tlie banks, and are generally of solid rock, though
gravel hivs been deposited in places, also forming troublesome shoals.
It is reported that in very dry seasons there is so little water that the
«
2288 REPORT Ob^ THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. AKMY.
slioals are scavooly covered. There are six of these shoiils between
Sevierville aiul Cath^ttsburg, 3 miles below, aii<l the fall iu that distance
is estimated to be about 15 or 20 feet. The width of the stream is fironi
150 to 300 feet.
The objeet desired bv iiuproviiig this river Irom mouth to Sevierville,
a distance of 5 miles, is to enable boats plying on tlie French BroaAl
Kiver to run up to Sevierville, wliieli is an excellent receiving and dis-
tributing point for a large and rich agricultural territory, whose only
nutans of transportation (except by wagon) is along the French Broiid
River.
Little Pigeon River, in it^ i)resent condition, is utilized during the
winter months, and a^ often jis xH)ssible in summer, for flatbouts, which
are pushed up and down between Sevierville and the mouth. When
practicable, steamboats ascend the Little Pigeon, frequently going up
jis far as Catlettsburg, about 2 miles, and occasionally during extreme
hiffh water to Sevierville. The flatboats connect regularly with the
steamboats either at the mouth of Little Pigeon or at some point as
hij^h up as the steamers are able to reach. The amount of freight car-
ried in and out of Little IMgeon, as stated by the earners^ is greater
than that carried on the Trench Broad above this stream.
.Vt the time of my visit the local st<?amboat, Lucille Borden^ came
into the Little Pigeon for freight and passengers, ascending, however,
at that stage of water less than a mile from its mouth. I took advan-
tage of this opportunity to float down from (^atlettsburg to the steamer,
about 1^ miles, on one of the flatboats^
In this section of the stream there is but one bad shoal, which, if
removed, would permit light-draft steamers to reach the warehouse
i)elow Catlettsburg during the navigabh* seasons of the French Broad
River, and would result in great convenience to the shipping interests.
The imi)rovemcnt of l^ittle Pigeon River as far up as the warehouse
wouhl, iu my opinion, be very desirable, as there is no landing on the
French Broad River in this vicinity, and the constniction of such a
lan<ling and a road leading t^) it would be ditlicult, owing to Uie topog-
raphy of the country. The cost of this im]n*ovement would be moder-
ate, probably about $10,000, and would, I think, be justified. There is
not the same necessity, how(*ver, for carrying the work up to Sevier-
vilh», as freight can be brought by wagon to Catlettsburg for shipment
almost as readily as to Sevier>-ilh».
A thorough improvement of Little Pigeon River from mouth to
Seviervilh^ c(mld only be made by heavy rock excavation through ft
number of reefs, or by the constiuction of locks and dams^ in either
case involving an expense which does not seem warranted by thecomU-
tions now existing. At some future time, when the obstinietionsonthe
FiuMich Rroad have been more completely removed between Knoxville
and the mouth of Little Pige^m River, I think it would be advantageooB
anil propel- to imi)rove the lower section of the latter stream bo as to
])ermit of a more convenient and easy access to the French Bi'oad.
in view of tiu' above, I feel constniiued to re^wrt that, in my judg-
niiMit, tlie Little Pigeon River from numth to Sevierville is not-^ at pres-
ent, worthy of improvement by the General Government., and therefore
no additional allot nuMit for surv(\vs is recommended.
Very respe<*( fully, your obedient servant,
J. W. Bablow,
Llvut. CoL of EngiNiTrs.
l>rig. i\ru. Thomas [/. (-asev,
('hiff of I'Jufj turn's^ !\ S. A,
^^ JLPPEKDIX E li — EBPOET OI' LIIOUT. COL. BARLOW. 2289
EEg.
PBEUHINART EXAMINATION OF HARBOR OV 8M1THLAKD, KKNTUCKV.
[PrlntiMl In Bohm Ki, Ddo. Ko, lOT, Flfty-finl Cungiotii, g««rad muIod.]
Office of the Cujep of Enulneebs,
United States Abmy,
Washington, D. 0., Dfoember 17, 1890.
Beb: I have the honor to submit herewith the acvotnpaiiying copy of
repMt dated December 12, 1890, from Lieut. CoL -T. W. Barlow, Corps
of EogineerH, giving results of preliminary esaminatiou of harbor of
Smithland, Ky., made to comply with provisions of the river and harbor
aet approved September 19, 18dO.
Lieutenant^Colonel Barlow rci>ort8 that the town front has alrea<ly
b*«ii itrotected to a certain extent by private contribution and Ihtit
now the citizens desire the General Govenimeut to carry on the work,
Imt ho does not think that this harbor is worthy of improvement by
CoDe;rp»i<ional appropriation. I concur in the opinion of Lieuteuaiit-
Colouel Barlow.
Very resjiectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln ("asey,
Brig. Qen., Chief of Engineers.
Hon. Kedfield Peoctob,
Secretary of War.
^LEFOBT OP LIEUTENANT-COLONEL J. W. BAELOW, CORPS OP ENGI-
NEEEi^
Engineer Office, U. S, Army,
Nanlivitle, Tenn., December 12, 1890.
General: In comphance with liepartmeiit letter of Sei>tcniber :i)l,
3.3391), I have the honor to report that on the let instant I visited Sntitb-
l^AQd, Ky., for the purpose of making a preliminary examination of that
*■ au-bor to ascertain if it is worthy of improvement by the General Gov-
^•TimeDt.
Upon coaeultatiou with several citizens interested in the proMitcrity
*>f tlie place I ascertained that the improvement sought consisted iu tlie
*5on8tniction of a revetment along the front of the town for the puiiwse
***" preventing further erosion of the bank by the current and waves of
*^« river during ita high stages.
He bank or levee in front of the town, a part of which is used as a
■•tiding for steamers, is about 1,800 feet in length, the top being about
** feet above low water. Of this front about 150 feet in length was
PKVed man; years ago on a slope of about 30 degrees, forming a perma-
l*Dt levee. The river enrrent and waves during high water have eaten
^tottie bank along tlie rntiii; town front, exot'pt where protected by
™* pavement above nicn tinned. Last year the (lestnictior of the sti-evt
'' <» front of the hnsincsx hoiist-s had occurred and the buildings tlicni-
f *lvt« seemed thrcatcnetl. Tliin danger cau.'«'«l the citizens to contrili-
! ntesnfficieat means to build an extension of the oldpavemeiit, but witU
; $ steeper slope and on a thcapei' scale, a further distance of about (HH)
ENG yi 144
2290 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
feot. This will, it is probable, serve the purpose for vhioh it was d»-
si^neil.
The eit i/ens now desire the General Government to carry on this work
so as to atVonl prottrtion to the whole front of the town thro;vtened by
future tliKxls and base their elaiin for assist^uice ui>on the reasons given
in the aeeonipanyiufr nuMuorandum. I concur in most of their state-
mentis presented in this pai>er, but do not believe tliat the small spur
dam referi*ed to has had any ehect whatever in causing the damage to
the levee at Smithlan<l, nor do I ap*ee with the sentiment of the people
tliat this work eonies properly within the range of river and harbw im-
provement to be carried on by the United States. I therefore am of
o]>inion that this harbor is not worthy of improvement by Congressional
appro]>riatiou.
Very respectfidly, your obedient servant,
J. W. BABLOWy
Lieutenant'Colond o/Engimten.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U. S. A.
STATKMKNT OF CITIZENS OF SMITIIIJl3fD« KENTUCKT.
A mootin;; of tlu* ri»i/<Mis of Siiiitliliind, Ky., was hiirrietlly Bommoned on 'Mondaff
Prrtinbor 1. 18iH>, for tlu' piirposo of conforrinR with J. W. Barlow, licnt«naiit-rol-
oiu'I of (Mi^inocrs, U. S. AniiVy who was pn'soiit, in reference to work to be done bj
tho (u'litTiil (lovoriinu'iit at or near tlio mouth of the Cumberland River.
Tho following oiti/eiis wen^ present, viz: W. \V. Stewart, T. D. Ptesnell, CbarlesR
Pa vis. Charles W. Conniit, K. P. llaynes, J. D. Clapton, Capt. J. V. Scyetcr, Charlei W.
AVatie, J.Newton, David Adams, and W.C. Watts.
The meeting was organized by ealling Mr. W. W. Stewart to the chair and the
apiuiintment of Mr. W. C. Watts as seeretary.
CNdonel Rarlow having stated the object of his visit, and after a full and free ex-
pression of views, opinions, ete., it was resolved that the secretary be instmcted to
furnish Colonel Barlow with a statement as follows:
In Mareh last a petition was sent to lion. W. J. Stone, member of Conneaa froB
this distriet, praying theCieneral Government to appropriate $20,000 for tbe pnipoM
of improving the levee in front of the town of Smitiiland. That petition waBti|[iMA
not only by nearly every leading eitizen of Smithland, bnt by many citizens of tliii
eonnty, by several of the citizens of Paducah who are Intereeted in the naTigatioa
of the Cumberland and Ohio rivers, and bv the officers of nearlT| if not quite aU^ of
the regular steamers plying the Ohio and Cumberland rivers which pass this poiaL
Tliat ]>etition we have not before us, but it was based upon the following statemanta
of farts, etc. :
iU That repeated overflows in recent years had so cut away the firont or Water
striH't of ^Smithland, on which the business portion of the town was situated, that fl^
single wagon could scarcely pass along the sand; and that, unless some work '
done to chock the washing' away of the levee, the chief business buildings in
Xoww woiild soon be undermined and top^de into the river.
(iM Tliar, in consequence of the condition of the levee, steamers plying the
and <'nnib<Tland rivers found it well-nigh impossible at high water to take
disi hargc cargo at Smithland, and hence the appropriation was asked in tiiefai
ot « iMinni-rci'; that is, the ^t^oam of commerce of the Ohio and Cumberland ill
]»:i>^ing Smithland.
(.'^^ That the landing of surh steamers at the wharf or levee in Smithland
hi.uh water di<l srrious damage to said levee.
1 1 > Tliat most of the roads on the ])eninsula between the Cumberland and
Tiuiii ssoe rivers ctincontratcd at Smithland, and hence the appropriation aaked
w.'is in the interest of tlic F^nrrounding district which made Smithland their shippiife^B
}M»inT.
i.')^ That the injury to the h«voe at !Sinithlandhadeei*tainly tosomei
from works done by thi* <n«neral Govejnment. We refer to the two spur
iviwl \Q m (-oIODP) ]^arlow*0 report ol* April 11, l^ (Appendix AA, page
APPENDIX BE — REPORT OF LIEUT. COU BARLOW. 2291
Now, there is, we think, no doubt that the channel of the river iniine<liately below
Smitbland was bo diverted by these spur dams as to force the currout af^ainst the
main shore, and thus cut away the levt^e in front of tlio lower portion of iSniitliland ;
and the General Government, having done the town this injury, should contribute to
its restoration.
(6) That about one-half of the population of Sniitliland is coniposod of uo^nM'H,
who are unable to contribute in the way of taxes to the improvement of Smitbland
Levee.
(7) That for the foregoing reasons Congress was asktMl in tlio interests of Smiih-
land, in the interest of the surrounding country which makrs Smithlaiul their ship-
ping point, and in the interest of the commerce of the (^'umberlaml and Ohio rivers
to inaJce the desired appropriatif>n.
The foregoing petition was, it should be remembered, drawn and signed in ^larch
last (1890). A few days later there was another and higher riHe in the rivers (say
np to 47 feet on the gauge) which, with the swift current (eHtimated at 5 to 8 mfU's
]NT hour), did further and serious damage to the levuo in front of Smithland. This
necessitated immediate action on the part of the citiz(^ns of Smithhnid, and a rock
revetment, extending for about 600 feet in front of the town and over that portion
of tlie levee most seriously damaged, was constructed. This hasty and temporary
work will, it is now thought, answer the pur^)ose for which it was designed. Itut
this revetment should extend some 1,200 feet iarther — tuxy 1,8(X) feet in all — and the
citizens of Smithland have been so heavily taxed to do the work already done that
they are powerless to do more.
And here, be 4t remembered, the appropriation from CongroHS asked for is further
based on the broad foundation of an improvement in the navigation of both the Cum-
berland and Ohio rivers. Itis now quite evident, from the rapid cutting away of
the head of Cumberland Island, owing to the increased volume of water coming
through the chute and the weariug away of the "jioints " at the junction of the "chute "
with the Cumberland River, that the currout ot the Ohio Kiver passing througli the
chute will, when the Ohio happens to be relatively higher than the Cumberland,
strike at an angle of about 45 degrees against the levee at the upper jiort ion of Smith-
land, the tendency of which willbe to scoop out and wiisli away tlie valley in which
the bnsiness portion of Smithland is situated. And, should it do so, it is quite evident
that the current would cut around and back of the upper end of the dam, which it is
proposed to construct from a point immediately below Smithland <lown the river 1>e-
tween the Tow Head and Cumberland Island, and thus materially injure the navi-
gation of both the Ohio and Cumberland rivers at or about the foot of CumlK'rland
Island.
The meeting further desired to extend their thanks to Colonel Barlow for his kind-
ness and courtesy in furnishing such information }is he could in reft^enoe to the work
to be done by the General Govbrumeut at and about the mouth of the Cumberland
River.
W. W. Stkwart,
Chairman.
W. C. Watts,
Secretary.
LETTER FROM MESSRS. WATTS A ADAMS, REAL ESTATE AGENTS.
Smitulaxi>, Ky., December S, ISOO,
Dear Sir: Since writing you on the 4th instant wo have had a talk with a friend
of onre who resides in Shawneotowu, 111., who tells us that since the great overflow
of 1884, which did that town seriouH damage, the State of Illinois approi)riated $5<),(M)()
and the General Government $30,000, and a good levee in front of the town has been
constructed. Taking this as a precedent we can see no reason why Congress should
not help our town as indicated lu x>ctitiou. Ploasolook into the Shawncetown appro-
priation.
Yours, very respectfully,
WATTb & APA348.
Uout. Col. J. W. Barlow,
Cq^ 9f Sngine^'Sf U, 3, 4*
(J « -•
W.i4
1
2292 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENQlNEERSy U. 8. ARMT. •
£ £ ZO.
PRELBITXARY EXAMINATION OF OBION RIVER, TENNESSEE, FROH ITB
MOVTH TO THE CROSSING OF THE LOUISVILLE AND ^iEUFHJB KAIL-
ROAD IN OBION COUNTY.
Engineer Office, XT, S. Arxt,
Nashvilkj Tenn.j December 33^ 1890.
General: I have the honor to pi^esent herewith a report upon the
preliminary exaininatioii of Obion Eiver from its mouth to the crossing
of tlio LouisviUe and Memphis Eaikoad in Obion County, Tenn., made
in compliance with act of Congress approved September 19, 1890^ aud .
Department letter of September 20, 1800.
This river is formed by several small streams known as North, SoaUi,
Eutherford, Harris and Big Davidson forks in the northwestern 'part of
the State. It Hows in a southwesterly direction through Obiou and
Dyer counties, and empties into the Mississippi Eiver at Hale^s Point
About 4 miles above its mouth it is joined by the Forked Deer Biver.
An examination of this river was made under M%j. W. H. H. Ben-
yaurd*s direction, in ISSO. (See EeiK>rt of Chief of Engineers, 1881, ppi
148<>-89.) From this report it would appear that the obstnictioiiB
on this river are almost wholly composed of drift and overhanging
trees, the removal of which would render this stream navigable as &r
as Obion, a distance of about 115miles, and at which point it is crossed
by the line of the Newport Xews and Mississippi VaBey Company.
Above this point no improvements have been considered advisable.
This examination, as shown by M^jor Ben^^iml's report, was well
made, iuid it is probable that no nmterial changes have occurred in the
river since that date.
In his report Major Beuyauitl states that —
The obstruct iout> to uavi*rAtioii are snaps, logs, leaning timber, etc., the lemonl
of wiiich would const it u to the principal work to be carriod ou in order to make the
riyor uavicablo for the class of boats that uaAigate the ntream. These boats aie of
the same cnaractor as those on the Forked Deer liiver, the iiarrowneee of thoriTcr
and the shortness of many oi' the bends not allowing any bat boate of auudl dhneB-
sions to run on the river except in the lower part.
Mr. Harrison's estimate for removmg the obstmctions aa abOYO mentioiMd, ia
$28,809.
The Obion runs through a fine and heavily timbered country, and the principal
article of export is lumber, of wliich vast quantities are annnally ahippaa bothia
the log and as sawed lumber. Numerous saw-miUs line the atieam, and fhej
kept in constant o)>eration. The estimated value of the produotion ia ^toa by Xr.
Harrison as upwards of $2,800.(X)0. The railroads control oil the trade of the apptf
section of the rivir above Obion Station, the crossing of the Fadncah Bailiaad;
below this point the only outlet to the commerce ia by ateamboat.
Tor the purpose of obtainiu|;i: additional conunercial statistioB and
such other information as eould be proeured from citizens interested ift
this ini])roveiuent. Assistant Kngineer Benj. B. Smith was direeted to
visit tlie locality and also to examine suehiK)rtion8 of the river as wtn
readily accessible.
Troni !Mr. Smith's ro]>ort herewith it api)ears that the length of flie
section of riv(Tui>(»u which improvements are desired between Obioii
and the moutli is but sr> nn'les, instead of 115 as previously reported.
Its averajj:e width is ITH) feet, and depth at low water, 6 feet. Theslope
of the river is (piite ^^entlc. the adjoining country bein^ flat, and there
are but two slioals report <m1 below (>bi<m, which are said to be ^wamA
by pi1<*s of drift, and that these wouhl disappear ujiou the removal oC
the drift.
APPENDIX E E ^REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. BARLOW. 2293
It lurtbci* iippears from Mr, Smitlfs i-qjorf. dial l.lio production />!'
umber in the valley of the Obion is very lari^e, and and wonldhemuch
greater if better facilities were afforded for marketing, l)y rJearing tln^
river of drifts and sna^. JTlie cultivation of wlu^at is lar<rely incrinising,
ind the production of cattle, •slieep, liogs, mules, an<l horses is exten-
sively carried on. It is also represented that the entire*, valh^y sufftus
&x)m heavy fi'eight rates, which in a great measure i)r(ivent dev<Ooi)-
ment of it natoral resources.
Obion, the only town of consequence ujhhi the rivt^r, would be an
Importsuit shipping i)oint by rail, were it not for the fiu-.t thiit Dyers-
burg, on the Forked Deer River, can ()])tain much lowcu* rates on account
rf it« water transi)ortation, and therefore draws hnxely from the terri-
tory which should be tributary to 01)ion.
The Obion River appears to be a more important riv(M* than the
Forked Deer, receiving both the waters of that stream and tin* o\'<»rflow
from Reelfoot Lake.
In view of all the above conditions, the Obion River is, in my opinion,
worthy of improvement as far up as Obion Station, at the crossing of
the Newport News and Mississippi Valley Railroad. The cost of such
improvement was estimated in 1880 by Assistant Engineer Harrison, in
Ms report to Major Benyaurd, at 828,809, wliich, in comparison to the
beniits to be obtained, is considered a very mod(nat<» sum.
To verify these estimates — under possibly changc^l conditions — I re-
spectfully recommend that a survey be nmde as earl}- in the spring as
practicable, at a cost not to exi^eed $500.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. W. Raklow,
l/u'ut. Col. of Fjtuji livers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Caskv,
Chief of EnginetrH^ U. S. A,
REPORT OF MIt. B. K. SMITH. ASSISTANT EXGINTER.
NasiivillKj Tkxx., Decvmher lOs ISOO.
CoiONTCL: In accordaiiro with your written instructions of Doci^nborS, 181)0, 1 loft
^ducah, Ky., December 11, to mako an examination of tin' ()l)ion Hiver, Tennessee,
J^thaview of obtaining data for a re]>oi"t on the desirability' and practi(;ability of
^^Pjoving the river for navigation.
..This river is formed by the jun<;tion of the North, Sontli, Rnthertord, Harris, and
*ig Davidson forks, near Crockett Station, on the Mobile and Ohio Kailroad. l-'ol-
lowing a general southwesterly eon rse thron*i[h the connties of Obion and Dyer, it
•^ties into the Mississijtpi River at Hales Point. The total length of the river is
*oout200 miles, bnt st'Oamboats have never ascended it more than 85 miles, and its
^Per portion is but little used, even for rait ing or llatboating. P\dlowing the gen-
^ cnamcteristics of the Mississi])pi Kiver tribntaries through this section, it flows
Jfcwugh a low, alluvial country, with no rock to form s<'rious shoals upon its course,
J« devoid of rapids, and for the most part dt^op and sluggish. Its average width is
*bont 150 feet, and its depth will averag(» «> feet at low water, at least for the 85
Vdlen lielow Obion Station, the only section navigated thus far by steamboats.
There are but two shoals on this lower section which obstruct navigation at ex-
treme low stages. One of these is at Xorinan Mill, IC) niih-s above the river's m(»utli.
It J8 a mud shoal, caused most probably by an accninnhition of drift, and easily re-
moved. The shoal does not continue for umw than 1.500 feet, and at no time has less
than 20 inches of wator throughout its length. At M»»rri weather Ferry, about 55
niles from the mouth, is a mixe<l sand and gravel shoal. The river spreads here to
\bont 300 feet in width, but the shoal i^ short, and always has 18 inches of water at
ivrest stages. These are the only.i)oints fordable lor hors<^s an<l cattle during dry
JSo work has been done upon the river by the General Govorumcnt, tViow^ \)a ^ax
1
229 1 REPORT OF THE CTTIEP OP ENGINEERS, tJ. fi. ABICT.
l):i^>k as lSt2 tlio S^tato (»f Toniiossoo appropriated quite a considerable smii fiir its
Jin]>roYeinont.
The river is very tortuous. Hales Puiiit, at ite mouth, being bnt 86 miles ftom
Oliittu by laiul and about 83 miles by water. Flowing, 08 it dikes, tlirongh a beavily
Avooded country witli tiniliered bottoms whieh arc ircquently overflowed and in
Aviiirli the lumberniou nro eonstantly at work, iTs condition aa roj^ards anags and
drift eaii bo easily ronjeotured. The overhuugiiig trees upon its banks for miles
t'onu dau<j:rrous obstrui-tioiis to the upper works of steamboats navigating it.
i>urin«r my visit to tliis seetion the river was entirely out of its bed, hence I oonld
fi>riii uo opinion as t(» tlie hei«;]it and quality of its banks. Assistant Engineer Zeff
Harrison's re]»ort to Maj. W. H. H. Henyanrd, in 1880. was shown to the several pilots
and boat owners u])<mi the river, and his statements of its general characteristics
and olist ructions were corroborated throu^^iiout. ^iost of my time was spent, there-
tore, in b'arniu«r \Uv ^r^'iieral eonuncrrial status of the surrounding country. *
Th<> principal exports of the valle..' of the Obicm River are lumber, wheat, and
eat t le. Its lumber iuti>resi s are very large, the timber along the river bottoms being
heavy and of a varied character. White and red oak, poplar, sassafras, cypress,
hii'kory. beech. «;uni. cottouwood. ash. walnut, sycamore, and maple are all found in
abundance and of a very tine quality. Tlie farmers are tuniing their attention more
and more to wheat, the land yielding good crops of an oxeellent quality. Cattle,
sluM']). bo«rs. mules, aud horses are raised In abundance. But little tobacco is grown
and les.s cotton secuis to be ]>lanted. as the value of the country for wheat growing
becomes uu>rc generally a])preeiated. Large quantities of com are also grown, bnt
this is mostly ronsumeil at home.
The New])ort News and Mississi^ipi Valley Railroad controls all the freight in-
tercuts of this section, and are not scrupulous in the use of their monopoly* The
rates an> siuiply exorbitant, and the farmer can ouly ship his products to such poinU
as tlie road itself shall dictate. For instance, farmers consider Nashville as or fiir
their best wheat market, but are unable to.<(hip there, as the nates to Padncah Jane-
tion at the cro>sinir of this road and the Nashville, Chattautioga and St. LooisRsil-
road, about U) miles, are tlie sanu' as they would be from this ])oint to Kashvil]s,s
dist:iuce of about l.'kO miles. To further show their discrimination, the freight ens
bale of cotton tVom Obion to ^femphis is $1.T.\ while from Dyersbnrg, bntZSmilee
farther south, it is but litileover half that amount. The people living in theTicinity
of the (.>bi(»n claim that this difference is due to the fact that the D^'ersbnrg people
have a navi«j:able river, the >\u'ke«l IVer, and they have not.
Obion is the only t«>\vn of any consequence upon this river, and is the main ahip-
piuj; point for the towns in the vicinity of the river, aud for thefarming and lumber
iuterciits upon its banks. Hornbeak. \) miles from Obion aud the same distance froffl
the river; (4lass. :t miles, equally distant from railroad aud river; Elbridge, 7 mile*
fr^m Obion and but W from the river; Lane, 12 miles from Obion and directly on the
river, and Minneck. 12 miles trom i)biou aud bnt h.ilf that distance from the river.
are all forced to haul by wa*;oii to Obion as a ship]dng point. Each oneof tlwi^
towns is ci»m])elled io import all its supplies through Obion and the Newport Newi
and Mississijqu Valley Railroad.
The lumbeiinen of the district are conqielled to haul their flne-grade, heavy InS^
her 12 aud I.*) miles to Obion. The river is considered entirely unsafe for huf^
except at the very hiijhi'St staj^es, when boats i-an safely pass over snags, whicE*^
low sta*j:es coinplcti-ly obstruct the navi«;ation of the river. There are at present
seven lai'ire sawmills on the river bet weeu < >bion and its mouth with a Joint capacity
of 2S<».«HH» feet a day. The baikbone of the countrv is in its lumber interests. Fa'
years millions of feet t>f lunibiT have Iummi shippeil from this district and yettha
supply seems inexliaustibb>. The timber of the second Inittoin. being nearer to ihip'
]>in«; points and more easily reached, is thinning out to some extent, but lombeUP^'^
in jc:<'n<'ral siatt> that the timber of the river bottom has hanlly been touched as f^*"
isafr^**
t>uly the higher "Trades of lumber, quartered white oak, poplar, ash, and
have been lar;^cly shipped, the length of the haul w.^rrantiug no shipment of ^*
cheaper jrrades. The ."^tevcns Lumber Company, of P.versburg, is at present eK^^
inji a 5*2tMHHl plant on the < Udon River, 15 miles from its month, with a 10 yeaia^ ***i
in pr»»s]>ectus. All of t he larsre firms in this district, of which there are several. st»*^
that the opening of the river to navi^ration would throw open millions of leet of t**^
chea]>er irradi-s of lumber, and cause a lar;re acreage to be cultivated which isiW*^^
covfii-d by tlu* biavy timber, the density c»f the forest growth attesting to thetic^*'
ness ot" the bind f«»r a;^ri«ulttire.
Oviiilows of tlie bo!Ti»nis have bee!i of late years of more frequent occnnest^^^^
owiiii; t«» the heavier ai «nmulat inns of drift obstructing the free flow of the rlre^^
These bottoms are I'roni I to .'» miles in wid|h and are mostly of a soil and naUr^^
wvll adapted to a«;ri(*ultural )iiir)ioses. The fact that they have notasyetbrc^^
opened to any considcrabl«> evtent is <lue to the total lack of transportatii ^
therefore oi incentives to culture.
: EE — HEPORT OP LIEIIT. COL. BAELOW. 2295
No produce hris been shipped from tbc rivor for several yearn. The water Is gen-
vrally low during harvest time, hdiI the inhahitauta can nut alTord to hold thuir iiro-
dnc« till buHt* uiui iwuumi uliove the dtilt. LnuonnBatune time an importaot eliip-
pl)i)C putnt, bum 400 to GOO linlw of cotLun, with oUier mercliandue, beiu^' eLippeiL
!'«arly. llip people are now compelled to haul to Dyersliurg. Two iitcamboatt nav-
gmUi the river at high stages. Mill men at Dyerabnig and at the mouth of the rivet
•Kf** In plwing the ontput of Inmbor by wuter from tke Obiou River at not lewi
tnitn Ii(l,<IO0,0UU fi-et, board mnotiurc, yciirly. Aa tliia liunlier goes to all points on the
' ' ' '' 's Iniposalbla to got an;- trustworthy
\t the 11
rlnx man* oecompimvinit thin report will show thr extrcmn dif-
u' Kommrrrinl ntiiliMira of the lu.untlw luljnrent to the Ol.ion
' ■■!■ Itivnr. AH «f tlui uouiitry to tk<i north of the Oblou River
' oiitheni portion of Iteelfoot Lake ships through l)i>ion. Thu
I •■'■• lire ttn-wfiir'* defiuite. To tho suutU of lliu river the bi-
i.uii u longer diBtuiioe h) Dyorthurg, and tliUH tuke lulvuituge
if SX) iiiliiil'itiinta, with ten stores, »nd is the lii-udqiinrtara of
' ilioiit 20.UOO.000 frvl, tMunI II " "
iilgo. 1 Miie. and Glass all have a)
urea, oni, uf >
■■npiVallBy RuilriNUlasuuugout I'ortho
_,B«M MiUtvly of grfx-eriOH und genitTat sii]
' iBil. dependMit npun it for snpplies, wilt
' iinmt of tb« river. Uyemburg. on tin
idt'ii
,ipa., Ill,- N..^
bUuuU
■e geuenil
r-M and Uis-
InijKirtH
I tho
abiiipe^l yeoily fhiui this point,
In Uie Oliloii bottoms.
Tlia following statiHticB are tnten dlrnRtly from the freight books of the Ven-port
um Mid Ulaaiwiippi Valley Ituilrou' ' ' " '•' ' -' "'" " - - '
Obiun for the caleudaTyear of 1881), i
Keira atid Ulasuwiippi Viklloy Ituilroud, und rupreseiit the Hhipi
Obiun rortheraleuiWyearof 1881), itlwing imiKwuiblutii eft, i . ,
tliey«ar of 1890. Those statist i is will give Amir idea of thr industry of the iiihabi-
wyet, ftillroluma for
i,..„..
IJua.
ity-
Vulua
eo.ooo
inn
i.iwuliKju
10,«UJ,UUU
tw.ooo.oo
.'«!Weo
3,7<W,«U
j;;:i;;;::;;;;;::;;;::;:;;r:;;;;;;;::;;:;/;:::;::;:;:;:::::;:;:;::::;;£.i::
StX'kH.aiaveji.
iksSiS
'
It will be rememlierHd thilt uiurli of tho coinmiTce of thin v alloy goes through
Triiubl.-, Xowiuiin. und Dyorsbiir;;. ull of thrui llmiiiKhiiig tiiwtiK, but it is so mixed
nji with tho romiiiorc.i of a rcnntry in no way di'liondcut ujioti tho Oliinu Kivor as to
iPiidoT atatiHtit'H usoIohh fur our puriHise. Ublon is depi-iidont entirely upon the
Oliioii bottouis. The pi-optr' of llie oountry north of the Ubiuii and along the lnko
Vt- rut o(\' from till! MiHitinNi]>|>i by impustiulilo swamps.
Very rospott fully subuiiltdl.
B. B. 8MITII,
Auialaul Engiiiter.
2296 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
STRVEY OF OIUON RIVER, TENXESSEE. FROM ITS MOUTH TO TUB CBOS8-
JN(; OK THE I^orisVlI.LE AND MEMPFIIS RAILROAD IN OBION COUNTY.
Engineer Office, U. S. Army,
XaifhPf(h\, TvHn.j AngHMt 30y 1891.
General: 1 Jiavr the honor to ti-ansniit herewith a r^H>rt with
maps* of survey of Obion River, Tennessee, Irom its month to theeross-
ing of the Louisville and Memphis llailroiul in Obion Gounfy, to com-
ply with the requireintmts of the river and harbor act of September 18,
ISbO, and the instructions of the Chief of Engineers dated December
20, 1890.
This river is a tributary of the Mississippi, rising in the westenipart
of Tennessee, it« navigable portion lying wholly in Obion and ^yer
counties. It is formed by the junction of the North and Sonth Foru,
receiving their waters from numerous small tributaries, which drain a
large area of territory, embracing Weakley, Gibson, Henry, and Carroll
c*ounties. In its course the Obion also receives the overflow trma Beel-
foot Lake, and near it^ mouth the waters of the Forked Deer BiYer.
The charge of the survey of the river was intrusted to Bfr. B^ B.
Smith, assistant engineer, who had previously made a prdiminary ex-
amination of this river in December, 1890.
From this survey it is found that the Obion Biver,from the bridfieof
the Xe^i>ort Kews and Mississippi Vidley Railroad to the Miaaiamppi,
has a length of 08.8 miles and a fall of 27 feet. TheconraeoftiieOmB
is through a low, allu\ial, and well- timbered country, subject to orer-
How, due in a great measure to backwater from the MiJSsiasippL It has
a width varying from 80 to 200 feet and a depth generally of over 5 li^et
at low water, except at certain shoals, where in some placea a depth cf
but 18 inches was found. The shoals are usually caused by obatrnetjaf
driftwood, which holds sediment in place, and it is thought that tlM re-
moval of the drift will, in nearly all cases, cause the diaappeaianoe d
the shoals.
In addition to the shoals and drift al>ove mentioned the river ia alio
obstructed by snags and overhanging trees. ■
Xo work has ever been done by the United States for the improve-
ment of this stream, though in 1843 considerable work indearingavaj
obstnictions was done by the State of Tennessee.
The tortuous course of the river is also a source of diiBcnlly, aomaof
the bends being very sharp, forming loops with narrow neeka. At
these points '^cut-offs ^ could be made at small coat^ nature having !>
some instances already begun the work.
The upper part of the river, from the railway crossing to Lane Ftay?
a (listance of 22 miles, has a depth of not less than 5} feet, uid ia ad/
obstructed by snags and overhanging trees. Bdow I^une Feny for ^
distance of 10 miles the river becomes more shsdlow, with an inoreaw^
velocity of current. In this reach, 7 shoals were found haying tfO0^
them a depth varying from 2 to 3^ feet. Some of theae ahoals
nMHovoil by taking out the imbedcfed drift, and othera can be
by the construction of spur dams, causing a scour, tiie ahocdfl in
4 ase resulting from drilY aiTumulations.
The only gravel deposit noted is at the " Ox Bow,** 38 milea belo'
()l>ion, where a considerable obstruction occurs. Mere ia Ibnnd
slioalest water, it Ixnng from U to 3 feet deep, with a fidl of 0.9
a distance of 3,000 feet. It is thought this obstruction can be
•Not printed.
:'"EE — REPORT OP LIEUT. COT,. BARLOW. 2297
iiuprrtVOfl by t.lio runstniclion i>f two spur riaiiis Ami tlic rVmup •^f nun
of tlie two cbannols foiined by an islaLil.
Belovr Hits point is Ciinipbi'll [sliin<I. nhcn> llu^ nlistviKtioiiH caa bo
overeoDiB by cIoKuig ouo of the clianiK^ls into which the rivor is divided
by ietlando.
Grindstone Crank bend, Qu n»\pa below Obion, is obstmcted by drift
uid snags.
The section of the river i miles long, from Tiger Tail to the Missis-
Kippi, is also badly obstructed by snags, which require removal.
The principal obstructions noted are 0,111 trees, 1,072 snags, and 378
drift piles to be removed. Mr. Smith rt-purts that owing to the bat^k-
wat«r from the Mississippi at the time ot the survey it is probable that
many snags were overlooked in the lower reach of the river. The esti-
mate for removing snags, therefore, should be great«i' than that giveii
by him. The work enumerated is expected to provide a navigable
width and a depth of not less than 3 feet at lowest stages.
The commerce of this river is principally lumber, cnt by the seven
sawmills now in operation on or near this stieam. In connection with
the above the following extract from the preliminary report is resub-
mitted:
Miilniea at Dyersburg luiil at the mouth of tbe rivi
of loniber bj water from the Obion Eivar at not 1 ,
nKMiDre, yearly. As tliia limibnr goea to all pniiita on tht Miiwissippi nvor, aua no
record is kupt, it ia inipi>BBible to got any trustworthy data.
Two steamboats are now ntnning on the river, another is being built,
aod a fourth contemplated.
Estimates in detail for the complete improvement of this river to se-
cnre a navigable chiinuel not less than 3 feet deep at tbe lowest stages
are given in ^Ir. Smilii's report and anionnt to 833j44;t, including plant
for snagging and pile driving, or a cost of about foOO per mile for the
68 miles under consideration. Taking into account the ditBculties of
carrying on work in a region remote from the source of niipplies, and the
probabilities of interference I'rom hifjh wat^^r, I should add 50 per cent,
to Mr. Smith's estimate, making the probable cost of the improvement,
in round numbers, ¥r)l),lHH).
The Newport News and Mississippi Valley Railroad Bridge crossing
this stream at Obion is an obstacle to navigation, and should the im-
jtfovements as contemplated be undertaken, this bridge should be pro-
vided with a suitable diaw,
Mr. Smith's report, together with a map* and profile* of tbe river, are
transmitted herewith.
Respectfully submitted.
J. W. Barlow,
Lieut, Col. of Engineers,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L, Oasf.y,
Chief of Engini-eris, U. S. A.
, ASSISTANT ENQIN-EI
^^IOSel: Id acoordance with your written instriictiona of May 20, 1891, T pro-
^*«ed to Obion Statiou, on the Newport News «nd Miiwissippi Valley Railroad, on
^^y 22, and liegaii preparatiuns the B:inie day for making the survey of the Obion
^J^^. On May 26, the river being at ordinary low water tliroughout its entirs
2298 REPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEBS, U. 8. ARMY.
Ienp:t1i and not beinc: nflectod hy local rain^ bonch-marks were established simnlte-
ni'ously at Obion ana Ti^^or Tail*. 4 miles from tbe Mississippi River.
On May 29, every thiuj; being in readiness, tbe survcv was started, the party cdn-
pisting of 1 engineer. 1 leveler, 2 rodmcn, a cook, and 3 laborers, being comfortably
honrted in a quarter boat.
A euntinnoiis transit and level line was carried thronghont the entire lensrth of the
river. The zero for the transit lino was taken just above the Newport Sews and
Mississippi VaUoy Kr.ilroad Bridge: transit stations being nombered consecutively
fnnii (M«» tVlO. iVistanri's were measured with tbe stadia. The average distance he-
tween stations was al>ont 800 feet: the longest distance between stations beini;
1.400 ft'et: about 12 stations averaging 1 niib) actual advanee. The bench-mark for
datum <»f h'vels was taken on the Newport News and Mississippi Valley Railnwl
liridge. 18.7 feet alcove ordinary low water, an elevation of 100 feet being aasmned.
Two houeh-marks were made each day and tbe fluctuations of the river careful]/
not«*d.
Soundings greater than 7^ feet were not recorded; depth being examined by eon-
tiiiuously thrustiug a 7^-foot paddle its full length into the river. Whenever tbe
pa<hUe readied bottom, wbieh seldom occurred, a more exact examination was msik^
shoals V)eiug carefully examined and tbeir extent noted. All overhanging trees ob-
structing pres<'nt or* likely to obstruct future navigation were oarerally connted.
All snags were noti.Hl, as also ohstnu'tions caused by drift accumulated above tiwi
>\hii-h had fallen into the channel of tbe river.
The tirst 4(> miles of the survey were made under most favorable conditions, (be
rivrr iK'Lng at an ordinary low-water sta^e, a 2-foot rise with a speedy fall being of
small inronvi-nit^nce. iWlitw this for a distance of 22.8 miles it was impossible toMO
all ohstruitions or to get dt-.hiite informatiou as to the condition of the ehaniidf
owing to a ht-avy rise in the Mississippi Kiver, tbe backwater filling the Obion baiki
full. Such information, howex'er, as could be obtained from raftsmen andmillmn
along the route was carefully j..'eaned.
Tlir surv«'y <M'('u]>ied 24) worki g days andwasbroughttoaconcInsionontheafto^
n(>tMi of .June 19 at a point 1 miic above llale Point, the junction of theOblmRivtf
wiih the Mississippi Kiver.
Tho instruuu-uts used were a Gui.'ey transit, reading to 90 seconds, and a Stactodo
levil. the adjustment to both instruu.ents being ft«quently examined andearenUX
<-om'cted.
The (.)hion Kiver is foriued by tbe junction of tbe North, South, Rntherfind, sn^
Harris forks, near Crockett, on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. From this point it
follows a generally southwestern coni'se, emptying into the Mississippi River iBile
above Hale l\>int. The river has been navigated only as fkr as Obion Station, and
im]u-ovenu'iit would be practicable only to the junction of the North and South wiks*
(t miles above this point. The distance from Crockett to Obion does not exceed 9^
miles, the measured distance fnmi Obion to the mouth being 68.8 miles. The total-
fall in the tiS.8 miles is 27 feet.
The country through which the Obion flows is a low, level, alluvial district,
ject to overflows both from the Obion itself and tbe backwaters from the liisiiMippfc
which reach as high as Crockett at extreme stages.
Ni» work has ever been done on the river by tbe General Government. Aslhrliscki
18-1 S surveys were made ]>y tbe State of Tennessee and considerable work donsbj
the State iu clearing the river of <»bstruction«.
The Obion KMver varies from 80 to 200 feet in width at low stages. The hanks
from 10 to 18 i'cet above low water. Dnt little water erosion is noticeable any whcra-^
the luwi-r ]>:irts of the bank beiug a stiff white clay, the higher alluvial portion^
liriuir luotti'trtl from wash by the heavy timlter which reached every where to thi^
wai«-r's imI^c.
Though somewhat tortuous, especially iu its upper portions, it is believed tlis0'
small hojtswiTh tows wouhl have little ditbculty makhig the wont bends, theitf?
biing but liule current to contend with and the river being generally tflder at ~
]ioiiit.s.
TliiTe are three ]>«>iuts where "bends" could be cut off to advantage, only two
theui. howtver. luiui; practicable, the fall on what is known as tbe "Ox Bow ^ being te(^
great to warrant such iu»provcuu*nt. The lirst '* cnt-oft*,"5i miles below Obion^i^
It miles around and hut i'u*0 feet across, the fall in this distance being .56 leet.
riNcr is already lutiiug its way through, water llowing freely even at lowest
Tlie serond ••cuT-nil'.** Starett Uend. 8J^ miles below Obion, is 1 mile around
hut l.(^H) feet across, with a fall of 1 foot in this distance. A ''cut-off" has beotf
started here hy ral'tsuu-n. sim]dy by deadening tbe timber; though the fidl is eon-"
siderahle.it isliclieved it wtuil d be most advantageous to make this the permanentchan^
nel. as the old chauuel is e\ceefliu;;]y rough and tortuous and at present absolntelj^
unlit f(U'uavigaT ion. These cu t -oifs i-anbi>w idened and deepened by cnttinff and gmh"
biug timh<-rand >liuttiiig otl'theolil channel by means of pile aud brush dams. Thtf
Ox Bow, 38 miles bulow ubion, is 1 mile around aud 1,100 feet acrossi with A fiUlof SI
AWfiKDIX E E — KEPOHT OP LIEUT. COL. BAKLOW.
feet ill ttiU ilJHtJiiicr, Ihe amount of full, aa liofoni stnt«i1, rtMirlcriti^ n citt-tilT iiinlnair-
>>(iiii Oltion Station to Lnne I'V-rry, a distuute nt 22 niil.^ii. thp river, tlioiich aoii-
■ittctuliIyalMtruiited b.v luia^ aud ilril'ts, is exi'i.'<>rliiiuly dti^p. Tlit- Hliikllu\vi>st wiitur
fvnutl van SI foet. jiiBt bolow the mouth of Mill i:'i'<'i.<k. No iiii|irovi>niPiit (illicr tbtiu
HiaglCiti^ and elooriiig of overlioiigine treiii' i!< 'li'i'tiiM uoi'i'm'^tv im Ihisportiuiiuf
th* nif«r. Frotii Lane Ferry fom ilistiinin nf lo mili.pi, iln' blllH «liiili HiirToiiiiil
tli# bottoms a tlistuntii varj-iiig l^iii 1 to ^ imIIl - ::'<i" :i> l im i . .i!>i>i'i>:i^'Ii I lie butika,
■UrUiiK tlieroiu many jilw™. llm river.iiaiK ■. .ii (ln-i- |Miiiit«, grow-
Int; Hhallnw and swift, witb nu luiTt.iand fnll <.i ' ■. iliiiiiL;li tlii' full [■
•ni:t1l in all caww. 8«vi>n bIiuiiI iilnriw wiir u" i'k.- -i ■ (npii inn.-ilv Hand aud
drift tthnalH, VHTjing in deptli ri'oiii '2 to :>j iid. umi mil kai iiiliiiu IHHl foet In
)«»j(th. ThoMi nboafi I have iiiiinl'i'ml I'mm 1 tu T iutluaivo. MiiTiiliitTfi 1, 3, and 4
cau l>r Imnroved by tlie building of alinrt cpiir itiinis ^m the left iibiiro and tbe re-
noTul of drift and lo|nt, wliii^li iiuve iH'i'unie luibeildril in the rivi-r phitnnnl. Nuiuben
2, 5, 8. and T, it in Leiiuvnt, will curn-pt tbi'msflves after tbii InilioUdrd InuB aud
drift piloa have been removtul. Tii<^ lUll in these Khoula does not expoed .3 lliot in
UOOO fuet, all of uiuni being caiiiittit by the aeciimiilntion uf drit't aud u i»>iiaequent
■and drpiMt.
lu the " Ox How. " a ohoal kntiwn aa " (Jruvidlv Bar " fonrnt quitii nii nlmtniDtion to
navigivtiuu. ' It i.i lu.tiilik- an lb- only [;riivcl a.'T"wU in tin- riviT, Tllr river widens
lierel«iHjm.'lliin;: ..i, , .'ik , i i,. ,.,.., t,Mi....ui i- i . i ■. !■-.!, ^^ ■!( j,i i( t«3feot
of i*a(«rat iiiui ■ ''!.■■ i ■ ■ ■ ■ i ■ ■• ■ mu sinall
tonliOBda di w.i. . ,, ,i.i ■ , .. .i m- of tlie
riii'".:. i I.i !■ ■. ■ ■inH>iHu!iuolih.:Bc i'b:iiijn;ia"ivi!i si\covti; SftL-t of watorto
1" : ' iiiiua a badljend.huownaa tbe "UVindHtone Crank," whichia
n.inxv ..,<! .ii.K .. .4 Ly drina and HDngn.aiid the 4 milea of civer fr.nii Tl^jer Tail
to llii' Mi~x!-<>i]']>L, :iri! tbe only bnd portluun. I'bese can ba uorrecteilby tba oacuful
rHUtiival III ilrilta aiid imbediled Itign wiiiuh canso ahoal pbices in an otbeTtriae deep
Tb« work fut described alHive will give a 3-foot channel tbroughont tbe 68.8 luilea
of ri 1 IT ill bmesl stages.
We cuiinteil on the mirvey 5,111 trees obstracting or abont to obstruct navigation,
■nd 1,072 snags aud 378 drill giiles caused by accitmulation of Itoiiting drift above
trees wliicb bud fullen into the river. Tbe snags wbirb will have to be removed are
far in excess of the unmbur ennntod, as very many that could nut be sim>ii are said to
ebstnict the last 23 miles of tbe liver, beiii^ rendered hiviMiblct liy Ibi! backwater!
from the MinsiHsiiipi Kivrr. Tbr iri'cH r.>iiiil.;d wi.ro niostlv "MtiT liir.'li, wItb a
«|>rin1tling of willow and cittumv •»«L Tb.'.,c trtOH wbcii tVlb-d should )>■< cut up and
burned or Honlinl out of Ibu rivin*.
Seven sawmills witb a johit rbiilv rainicitv of lOi.OOU feet It. .M.. arr in constant
oniration on or near tbi' riv.-r. unlalilv lle>^1er'H Mill, capai'itv bi.OINI to 2(1,0(H) fi-ct;
titiill's Mill, 15,000 to 2().0i)l) f.'.'t ; William's Mill. )4,000 to lU.INNI ft-ct ; nHscliaili-rs'
^ill, 15,00(1 to 25,000 f<-i-t; M<'<'.>i< 1. V^ Mill. 2<MHHt feet: Scott's Mill, 30,0IHI to 4n,0(W
r««t: uud Tiger TailMill.20.<UN)tM:ui.lHMI]eet. These mills all ili-jii-ml more or K-sa
Ou the river for truospottalUiti. aiirl ivoiibl use it altogether wt-ni it fully aliened to
Xtavi);ation.
Tn-n atenmboals plv on tbe river, thepronertv of Mr. Uall.of Dvcrsbiirj;, and the
f^tfvena Lumber ComViiny, of (he same place. Sir. FbiHehaui^r, a mill iiwner on tbe
t-tvi-r. is already buibliii^ a Ibird boat, aud Mr. Mull has Higiiificd bis inleiitiun of
liiittiuK a )iaeki-t on the river irojienilioiis for iiiiprovomeiit are bi^;;>ni.
Tlie New|>ortKewsaiid Mtssissiiipi Valley Kiiili'o]id has tnicoin tbe past 6mnut)ia
iut-reitsed an alreaily exorbitant tVi'ight rate, and tliu t>"o]ile of a llourisbiii)jcom-
kaiiiuity art) clatnoriuK loudly for wiine rulief. Tbi-cuaiitry immediately iHirderingon
Xlie river is uuvleari'il and coveri'il with Hue forimta of native timl>er of all varieties
tti<liK<'tli"iBtoIhc<-ouu(rv. Bcrirndtbcne bottoms, sometimes skirting the river banks,
i.» one roiltilinoiis >1i',-t<ii .il' flu.' ;iiid liii;blv eiiltiv^Ued farm land.
l-'<>ri>ta1i»tie>' I ».,iild r''>p"< ifiilly i-' I'er'yoii to my report of Uue«iuber 15, 1890, it
%~e|>i>rtM are kept.
The cslimnte for tuiproveiocut based on tbe survey is as follows:
i'laaf.
^ti>am snng and pile driver Imat $2,500.00
«^iiarlerboat 600.00
Two barges 000. 00
Outlit, rope, axes, etc 500.00
2300 REPORT OF THE CIIIEF OP ENGIKEERS, T?. S. ARMY.
For' * for sintff html — /? wontJm* rKtimaffsfor t'1rarinfl rhitHHeJ,
ANsislaut «iijri»««*«*i' $160.00
( )v«.'rseer ". 75. 00
Eiijriheer 60. 00
Firt-mau 4a 00
Coi>k and lu'lpor • 00. 00
Laborers, 10 900.00
Siibsirtt«»uce 160.00
845.00
Contingcnri«^8, 20 per mit 160.00
Total (poniumtlO 1,014.00
For (5 months, total 6,084.00
rit'Mring rivrr banks of hoavy timbor TiO foot oaoh sbb* for 70 miles, 815
acres, at $15 jier acre 12, 730. 00
OpcHing "cut-^tffs'^ to narigution.
First cut-oft*:
Clearing an«l p^rubbing 100 feet in width, 050 feet long . . .-. 150.
Building ]»ile dam 150 feet long:
225 drivrn piles, at. $1^ 675.
70 cords of brush, at 80 cent* 56. Ci^
160 yards clay or sand, at 50 cents 75.
Starett Bend Cut-oflf :
Clenring and removing'stnmps, 10C> feet wide, 1,500 long ^. 300.
Building dams same as at first cut-oft' 806. <M
1,106. <X)
Improring shoali.
Bar Xo. 1, 1,500 feet long:
1 wing dam. 50 feet long 20O- OO
Srrapiug and removing sunken snags, etc 30(>- OO
50O-j^
BarXo2:
1 )redging and removing snnkcn logs, 300 feet 30(>« ^^
Bar\o3: ^^^^
Wing dam, 300 ft-et long ^°^"22
Kcnu»viug drift and scrax)ing *.. 20O. ^^
Bar Xo. 4 .
Wing d:un SOOL -^
ricaring drift, etc M^O^
Oravellv Bar:
3 wing dams: ^^^
2:Wdrivcn piles, at $3 6B0lCP^
40 cords of brush, at 80 cents.
IM^ yards sand, at 50 cents 90L(
75&
^^^^^^•^^^
Campbell Islands:
Wing dam 500l
Grindstone crank :
Removing sunken logs, scraping, etc 500L
Tiger Tail to mouth of river :
General improvement 2^000.
ATFENDIX ££ — ^REPORT OF UEUT. COL. BABLOW, 2301
ToiaU.
FlMit $4,200.00
fl&ftggiiig 6,084.00
Cleuliiff^eto 12,750.00
GeDenrimproyement 7,868.80
90,402.80
ContiiigeaeieB, 10 per oent 3,040.28
33.443.08
The only suitable place for a harbor and landine at Obion is about 2,000 feet above
the Newport News and MiBsiBsippi Valley Railroad Bridge. The riyer at this point is
100 feet wide^ ezceedinffly deep, and with a gently sloping bank most snitable for a
landing place. The bridge of the aboye railroad is a pile oriage, and forms an absolute
elMtmction to navigation. If the river be improved this brioge should be changed
to a drawbridge in the interests of navigation.
With this report are presented a continuous map of the river on 5 sheets, drawn
to a scale of 1,000 feet to 1 inch, and a profile showing a depth of channel| height
of bank, and slope of river.
Respectfully submitted.
B. B. SMrrH,
AuUtatU Mgincer.
Ideut. Col. J. W. Barlow,
Corp$ of £ng%neer$, U, S, Am
APPENDIX FF.
SrpoRT OF I.IEUTEXA!fT GEO. W. GOETHALS, CORPS OF E^Q INKERS,
T^PFIcr.R /.V CHASaK, FOB THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JCXE 30, 1S91,
9TITU OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORE.
rMPROVEMKKTS.
EXAMINATION.
3. MoiiLh of Gnnter Cr.M,k iit Gunt-arsvillo. Alu., wiU. tlic view of
iweortiiiding th« priiclicability an<l apiiroxiiiiato cost of bo iniprov*
ing the same us Ui Hucure a safe landing above lugli-wator tuork.
Engineer Office, U. S. Aemt,
Florence, Ala., Jvl>/ 8, 1891.
Gknf-BAI. : I have tlic honor to transmit herewith annual reports for
I e works of improvement in my chaiye, for' the fiscal year ending June
*, 1891.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
- Geo. W. Goethals,
First, Lieut., Corps of Engineers,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chic/ of Engineers U. S. A.
The report on this portion of the river is subdivided to agree with the
llotments of the appn>priation for inijiroving Tennessee River, below
liattiinooga, Teiin., act of September 19, 1890, as follows:
1. Chattanooga, Teun., to Decatur, Ala. (180 niilea).
2. Decatur, Ala,, to Florence, Ala. (50 iiiiJes).
3. Florwce, AJa., to the foot of Bcc Tree SUoale [30 miles).
r
^^ Tlie inoi
BEPOET OF THE CHIEF OF liNaiNEEKB, B. J
CHATTANOOGA, TENNKMSEE, TO DKCATUH, ALABAMA.
Ttie moat seriDUs obstructions in this section of the river are '
Suck," tlie bars near Bridgeport, Ala., and tbo Ounttiraville Bar.
"Tke Suck" is the name commonly applied to the several rapida i
shoals where the river wiuds in a tortuous route through the mountAiuii
below Chattanooga, covering a distance of S^ miles, in which the fall 1^
16J feet. The obstractiona, separated by pools, are known as TnmbHng
Shoals, the Suck, tlie Pot, the Skillet, and the Pan, and are formed l^
rock reefs and bowlders and by protruding rocky points from t
shores, which contract the water way. At medium and lown
stages Tnmbling Slioala, the Suck, and the SkilU-t are especially d
cult to navigixte, while the Pot and the Pan, easily passed daring In
water, are dangerous obstructions at high stages.
The channel work (tarried on in 18(J9 and 1870 at the Suck and the
Pot, and in 1889 at the Pan, consisting in the removal of bowlilens
projecting rocky jiointa, and overhanging trt'es, lias resulted in winw
what diminishing the velocity of the current, but upstream navi^tion is
still attendetl with delays caused by the necessity of laying lines »n^
■warping vessels over the swiftest places.
Bridgejport Bars. — There are three baiTS in the vicinity of BridgepDfV
any one of which is an obstintction to low-water navigation. They c<>^"
aist mainly of rock reefs covered with gravel and bowlders. One ^*
above the railroad bridge, another at the foot of Bridgeport. Itdand, **^
a third, known as Widow Bar, is alioutl^ miles below the island.
(htntersville Bar. — The river just above Guntersville is obstruetad *^
bowlders and loose, detached rock, which make Ihe stn^aniboAt cluui**
very crooked and difficult of passage during low wnUsr stages. ,
The Board of Engineer Officers convened by Special Orders, No. ^^^i
1889, [Ieadquart«rs Corps of Engineers, in their report of October in^
1890, approved October 25, 1890, allotted *50,000—
to the rivor between Chfi
nuivin); botrldera by blaa
tweeo tjie localities knot , , , _ . ,
taiDB beluw CbuttADOOga, an propused la the report of Buiird of tliM d>to, I
diiumel excuvntion at Biid^juport and Gautersville, Ala.
Kothing was done in this section of the river until after the lant
water. In the latter part of April a party wiis organi^ied to make i—^^^^^j
tailed surveys of these loiiilitics, to determine water vlopos, depths *^^^
low water, chai-acter of bolttJin. width of wattr way, discharge, etc^ " "^
The Suck, and to jiroeure siiHirii^iit data at Bridgeport and Uuul
ville to determine eharattcr sud iinxmnt of excavation rc'iuircd.
Field work rfas commenced in Miiy and transit and li-vel lines cAfrie
down to Suck I'oint, a distiince of about 12 mites. Kour gauges wei
established through "The Snrk," and permanent beurh -marks Iocat«
to assist in locating cross sertioiis for discharges at varitius water sIakci
High water, caused by fref|m'nt and heavy raiuK during June, hh
juaterially retardeil the progi-ess of the work.
[ Of the amount allotted for this section of the river, $2,519.34
J*|>eon expended in procuring the ue^jessary instruments, boats, ct«.
fto prosecuting the work.
U. DKCATtm, AI^ABAMA, TO P1.0RENCE, ALABAMA.
The principal obatnu^tions are the Muscle Shoalu, estendiug L
F.dc4'p iviiter at Drowns FeiTy to deep water at Florcmro. a distcuireol
^P APPENDIX FK — BEPORT OF LIEUTENANT GOETHALS. 2305
«uj|(i8, only 8 of wliicU ivre uavigablp, and I'uibiiuing Elk River ShoalH,
Ei^ Muscile and Little Muscle BliualH.
The object of tbe imi»rovemwit is to inak*' i-oiitiiiuoiis iiaviyatiou
nrrmnd thene ob»tnictioii» by inciinK ofii Inicnil ciLiial.
Tlie iippl-oved iiioject, at-(i>nliii;i tu witiili wmk is liciiiff dotic, bitsed
«i|H>ii t)it' Miirvev lit I'ST'J, aiiil MiiiH-\vli;it jii(>i!ili<-<1 in 1<STT, is:
f 1; To eiiliiigo, rebuild, aiul slL'iii<,'lilfij tl Iil iMiial around Itij,' Mus-
«<lc Hb<ial» built by the 8tJit« of AbLbiiuut in ls:U-';W,aiid abandmitHl in
3H37. by roiisttnrting a ouial 14^ iiiiteK long. Laviiiff nine looks, nitli a
«ot4«l litr of «.'! fi'cti, and an a<|n(-(liic.t !KHi teot long and 60 feet wi<I«^ over
£)hcKU lli-eek, with the ueeessjuy iiMniancnt diiiiis and bridgeij over the
aievera! rreeks and ravines: llw ciujiil MunU to lie from 70 to 120 feet
w(le at the water Hnrfiiic ;iiid <'• lirl driji, ;iiid liii- lockKSOO feet long,
«»0 ft-et wide, and having ;i dt-jitli nl'.""' Iri-t >•!' \\:\'>-v on the miter sills.
(2) To constrnet at Elk Jiiver 81ioidt- a >jinv.d 1 j ndlcs long, with two
looks, having lifts of 13 feet and ftoni 5 to y feet, respectively, and of
stanio dimeittuons as the lockij at Big Mnscle Shoals.
^3) To blast at Little Muscle Shoals a channel through tlie bed-tock
«if the river, and to constiiict stone wing dains and retaining walls to
A^outrat'.t the waterway and to check the velocity of the current at c«r-
-Coin points.
Having finished the necessary repairs and detailed work rtwiuii-ed to
properly operate it, the eaiial was filled with water throughout its en-
CbvleJigth onNovemberS.andopened to navigation November 10, 1800.
Klk River Divuion. — During the past fiscal year the construction of
Milrill sluice in tlie longitudinal dam &om Browns Island to I^ock A
■*»aB cAmmenced, and is well under way. The opening is 40 feet in the
*-'Iear, closed by the Parker automatic gate, a modification of the bear
'■Mp; the difference of reference of its erest when up and down is 8
f*^t. It is hofieil by this menns to keep the ba.tin above Lock A free
''""nii lirifi, Mliii'h i-i)llfi'ts in surli quiintitit-s during high Wiiter a.'^ to
**'»terially interfere with navigation.
^The filhng on both sides of Ijock A to the level of the top of the lock
^aUs was complete<l; the slope on the river Hide was covered with
••©avy riprap to protect it against wash during high water. An office
^^*s built on the south side of the hKik.
^^ork in the channel below Lock B cxnisistMl in dredging out the re-
^^tuis of the old cofferdam, removing bowlders and detached rock from
'^tlchriat Chute and Nance Reef, and has i-esulled in straightening
^•*<1 deepening the channel. A detailed survey wu.s made from Lock B
*** Xjuck I to ascertain the condition of this i>ortion of the river, and to
***»ble the preparation of a project for its radical improvement. Liind
^^e purchased at Loc:ks A and B as sites for lo<'k keepers' houses.
, Jtfuxcle Shoals Division. — During the fiscal j'ear the following work
***« been done ou this division:
, The dam across Second Creek was extended ;tO feet, a new abutment
■•^lilt, and another spanaddeil to the bridge over the dam. This exten-
*^^<kti replaces a part of embankment built around the abutment of the
^Ht Stat« dam at this locality, which was a constant source of expense,
**t« to frequent breaks and washouts; the sjiill is also increased, an
***lvautage diu'iug high ttixMls.
tmssed fenders, consisting of Howe tntsse-s L*.;l feet l)etween outer
*****^ee8 of chords, wen- bnilt on both sides of the aqueduct along its
"^"^tire length ; the object oftbe.se i.s to incrciLte the resistance of the
*^><l«8 against the concnssimi of Ktriking boats, and to distribnto such
'*«*ock8 to a gi-cater number of jiiers.
ENG 91 145
2306 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARITT.
The work of blasting ofT the bhiffs below Lock 7 was continued nnl
November 8, resulting in an inerease of 30 feet in the width of the can.
at this locality. The riprap stone thus obtained was placed along tM.i6
outside of the towpath between Locks 7 and 8 to strengthen it, andtft^e
spalls, added to elay, were placed along the interior slope to stop lei^^«.
Steeil miter gears were put on the shafts of the drop gates to leplBL^tDb
the oast-iron ones at first used, as the latter did not possess the requisi.^
strength; 12 small casks were put on each drop gate to increase ■.'is
buoyancy, and brakes were added to the maneuvering apparatus *!»
control the motion of the gat^s.
About 9,0(N) cnbi(* yards of sediment, that had been deposited in twlie
various levels by the creeks and small branches flowing into the ctaiati
were removed, ]»artly by hand and partly by the dredge Hancoody wrt-
ducing the bottoms to proper grade.
The remains of the old cofferdam below Lock 9 were also removed.
The work of rebuilding the railway along the towpath was beg^u
and about 9.5 miles completed. The tractk is well ballasted witii broken
stone thi*oughout, and a new 40-i)onnd steel ml is used on the side near-
est the canal.
A quarry was opened on the Government land at Lock 4 to obtaii^
riprap stone for paving the inner slope of the canal embankm^ity which
is washing away by waves from passing boats; about 5,336 cubic yards
are ready for this x)uriM>se. The 8loi>e must be protected by broken
stone before paving, as it is fcmnd that the waves wash out tbe eactb
behind dry walls, leaving the latter unsupported.
Land for sites for lo<*k masters' houses was purchased at locks 3, ^^
and 0, and negotiations aix) now under way for buying the requisite lai'^''
at lo(*ks 5 and 9. Lock master's house at liock 1 is completed, except
painting. The house for the assistant engineer at Lock tf is flnish^^^
except the ])lumbing. Ttmndations for lock masters' houses at lockd ^
and G are completed, and at Lock 4 well under way. An assistuithp^^
master's house was built at Lock 7.
A l^u\yrus dredge is being built under conti'act for use at the eaift^''
For details of work (lone on l>oth divisions of the canal attentioa ^
invited to accompanying report of Mr. W. A. McFarland, assist^i^^
engineer.
Jjitfle Mnnvle Shoah. — The improvement under the modified proj©^*»
as above, has been pi*actically completed, by cutting a channel 2^]niS^''
long thr<mgh the bed-rock and building some 3 mdes of riprap vix^^'
dams. The results obtained aiv not satisfactory, and a leport to t^*^
i^rt'ect having been submitted by Lieut. Col. J. W. Barlow, Corps ^
gineers, the question was referred by the Chief of Engineers to a
of Knginecr Ollicers for consideration.
Tiie Vunivd constituted by Si>e<*ial Onlers No. 83, Headquarten. OojJ!^
of Knginecrs, December i(J, 1889, in their report of October 23, 19^P*
and approvtMl und<H' date of October 29, 1890, recommended the oo
the canal.
No work was done in this locality during the past fiscal year.
On recommendation of the Board $250,000 were allotted ftom t*^*^
a])propriation of September 19, 1890, for cx)ntinuing -improvement
.AluscU' Slioals Canal. During the fiscal year $152,263.25 were
pended.
' APPESDIX FF— REPORT Of LIEUTENANT Q0ETBAL8. 2307
REPORT OP MK. W. A. MorARLAND, AaSWTANT B
) Abort Lor^k J. — At the Bluff Quarry 540 oiibic yards of stone wotl' iruiirrinl for
Aam, and 101 eubia yiirilH for iwe iu buililing the drift slnioe; 142 culiio f urils of
Ji w«re atTi|i|>(>(l friim tlic quarry.
OfMiHiv >!<"». — Oue hiuidrud euliio yuriia of Btone vera uBod ii
in the (Uun opposite Miltons Bluff, and 143 oiibvo j^iirda in rups , „.
diiin CTOoaea tuwhentlB. Oo» tlioumuiil and forty-six cnbio yards uf ilradfrtHl qiu-
albnin below Lnck B were depoHitad ikloug tlieliiiok of the dam for »di«t;mcaof
nt 800 ft>et, to close leaks.
ififl «ta<(M.— In November, 1890, the bnilding of a drift hIuIob, iO fwit wide, to
[J ufT tto»tiii){ drift from the canal to the river, was bet;uu. Owioi; to bi|;h water
be Hver, work whs siisneadeil from Jauuary tn May, 1891. The aluii'ewny when
in lUB [s to be nloseil by a "Parker piitcnt gate," A cjifferdiim of sheet piHiiK'
L elxjr )iuil(lle wiu built, huring a vuwiX face 90 feet, with arnu of about SU
( Minnectiuf^ with the ruck-fill diun which forms the nanul embaukment at thin
at: 909 eulnc yitrds of ulay paddle wore used iu filling in and around this cofier-
n, Ifae greater part of tlie material being obtiiinoil from the viciuity of the Bluff
irry. A second and nmaller oolTenlau, built of earth only, was put on the river
B nf the sluice site; SOU cubic y arils of earth were used.
latvrial was excavated as follows :
rth 500
tk , 68
id, loose took, aod stomps TJo
igs pulled 34
Vthia amount SI cubic yardsof rock were used m bnnkUifc to strengthen themniD
r«rdam; 440 cnbie yards of clay wore used as buekiug to the rofik-fili dam in the
nedUte neighborhood of the eofferdam. A centrifugnl pnmp nm by ft smftU Bt»-
ntry engine was, used to keep the excavation &ee (tarn wiitir.
Vwtil ci'Kdiliim nf tkt ircirt. — The bottom timbers of the BlnicewBy are In poxitioii,
> wsll of luasimry and tiitibiT at the oast side ib coni]>K'ted iind the west wall nuarly
aud iill tiinbi-r mid irun for the completion of thi- giilo uro n-ndy for framiug.
iber to the amount of l'),047 feet, K. M., has been framed and put in position, au<l
cnbic yards of masonry laid, leaving only 32 cubic yards of masonry to comp1ot«
■ part of the work.
'elaMHg irall oh crih ahofe Lo<k A. — Tlii« wnll was bnilt up to a heiglit of 4 feet 6
Its from fhf crib fouud:itiou for a length of 10 If.^t, and til.' remainder of the wall,
Ut »<0 feet in length, was iu.TMwd in lieLi;iit from 3 f.-et i iuches to 4 feet 6 inches.
ruble yanls of stouo were cut for tliis work, and 15 cubic yards laid in cement
'itcellaneovt. — I-'iftv-ono cords of drift wood were taken from the dam and used as
at Villous lUuff.
he conslrufliou track abintc the ci.ini was pxtpndi>d from jn.it above Lock A np
canal for n dintauie <if alinui NiHl feet, and was uwd in dislriliuting along the
k of Ih" dam 111.' in;ileri:il wlii.b ]i:id been r.ii'.iTcd IVotn below Lock U.
wo hundred and ninr imIN, VI ke;;s of Iraek bolts, and 244 Qsh plates, which had
1 lent in the rivev Jiini tulmv liiTiiinr, were rc<'o^■p^ed.
) At r.nck ^I.^KilMiiir : Tlnee iliniisaud tlirco hundred and seventy cubic yanls
Ireiljied malcrial IV In h>«- l.ciik H were nsed in fllling in buck of the north
luf the lock. T"" lli.pii<:iii<l, three hundred aud thirty-four cubic yards of earth
80 cubic yiirils of i..,.k ».re ii^ed as lilliug on the soiKb Kidc of the lock,
t of the niilleiiiil Ipeii,;; «lii.|.leil from the bottolU of the eannl just below,
dingnud leveling iKiiih oi Ii.rk, IL'.'> cubic yanls.
gdravtic maeliiii-rii, — 'I'bi! ]Miiii]i-biiu'w was raised 2 feet, turbine and pumps ro-
eil and repbieed L' lii ( limtr tn ^'ive jirealcr head of water, and tho flume to the
lini- lowered 1' (■■■■1 (I im b.s .-iinl ividened 3 fet-t 6 inches; present siio of flume 6
■itrht 4-way ci.eks. "
Hic<M-ni/ 'until ■•/ i"-/:,—SevcTitv. three and n7ic-half cubic vanls of dry wall laid.
( sluiceway was aband 1. tlio "lone and limber removed, and the trench rt-
d. Four hundred ami f.,ily-tivii ciibie, yards of stone taken from this place were
1 in part for the relaiiiiit<^ wall on the oppoHile side of the canal, and in part as
sp.
J!cc.— A frame bnildiTic, is by 34 feet and two stories in height, was built oti the
,h side of tho lock, aud is used as an oQico aud temporarily as a residence by the
08 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EXQIXEERS, u. ^.
riiree acres of hunl wove cloaroil of timber ami imdrrlinisli as a site fur look-:
r's house.
(3 ) litiH't < w Lorks A (imj li. — i Mie liunihod aii«l forty cuhic yanlt^ of riprap, to Mve th^
uial <*nil>:iiikiiii'nt iVoiu wa>h by the river Uuriu^ hi^h water, were placed OD th<^
liter sh)]te. e\irii(liii<; ironi a point 50 feet a hove the jiiiiim-hoiise, westward for i^
iistaiiee ol'ahoiii S<K) t'rox. Tliis stone was taken from tlio Biiitt' Quarry.
(l) At J.ork H. — (irailint; on north si«le of loek, 143 «"uhie yards.
(5) Jnloir Lock li. — Dretlj^ing: Sixteen thousand four hundn^d and forty-nix cnbi^
yards of mud. sand, ^jravel. small stones, and howhli-rs were n»nioved by dr«4l^^M
JIunvotKl fmm thr ehainud iunuediately below Lot-k li to iiilehrist (.*hate. Of thi
amount \KiHi) eubie yards were deposited near tin* h*fc hank, the remaindor bein ^
udtMl, as stated above, in rcpairini; dam and in grading at loeks.
Ihmovintt rovk at Sauce litrf. — (Jne hundred and sixtv-nine eubio yards of materia ^
conrsisting of bowlders and fragments of rock previously blasted, were removed frn^ i
the ehute at Nauee Iveef and de]iosit<'tl as a guide dam to the chute.
^f^^^ceU^^ncouit. — Drift: It i< e^^timatod that 1.655 eonls of drift wood were IocIec^'4
through the eanal during the year, (ireat iueonveuienoe is caused by this
whieh eolleets in large quantities above Loek A, and seriously interferes with na'
gat ion.
One and one-half miles of railway traek, from below Lock A to above Lock B wt
taken up.
Alwve Lock 1. — At the upper entranoo to the canal, about a half mile above Lock 1,
7,75(.) eubie yards of mud whieh had eolleeted in the eliannel was dredged oat by t^a
I'nited 'States dredge Ilanrood. The greater part of this material waa carried omit
into the river by the current ]>assing through a cut iie:ur the shore end of the wLmiC
dam, and the remainder was deposited on shore and in shoal water to the north m
the ehanuel.
At Lock I. — ^The loek-master's house was completed with the exception of painting*
Work was done as follows: Three chimneys built. 400 sqiuire yanlsof plaatoring, iB
windows <>ased and finished. 15 doors titted and hung, 11 doors cased, 1,290 fee'fc ef
llooring laid, stairs and west gable iinished, 2 hearths put in, mantels set, and brolccB
win«lows reglazed.
Twenty eubie yards of mud, whieh had eollectod about the miter sills of thelockf
aiul whieh interfered with the movements of the gates, were removed by hazid'
dredging, the steam dredge being unable to work in so contracted a space.
y;* tH'trn Lovka 1 and ;?. — A new sjian 30 feet in length was added at the upper endof
the ."^eeond Creek i>am and Bri<lge. to overcome a weak place in the embanknacBt
eauM-d by the remains of an old abutment, and also to inercase the capacity of tin
dam for earrying otV the surplus water from Second (*reek in time of freshet. A
eotferdam of sheet piling and elay puddle was built to exclude the water of tba
canal : liiO cubic yards of earth and LM eubie yards of old masonry were excavaiedi
and 1(X eubie yards of masonry laid in cement nu»rt:ir. Nine cubic yards of eat
stone were used for 4'opinu:. etc. Two new 15-ineh I-beams were used on the bri^f
8])an. This work is complete with the exee])ti(ui of removing the cofferdam.
At Lock :. — i'he veranda t»f the assistant lock-master's house was moved fromtk*
front to the end. this being neeessary to give sutlicient room for railway constmc-
titin at this point.
In tun n Lot:ks1and 3. — Two hundred and fifty-five cubic yards of rock, ctsvbI-*
cte.. whieh had become detached from the binds by the action of frosts ana frUv^
into the eanal. were removed: tlie potd was emptied and the work of removal doH>f
by hand. One thousand live hundred and sixty-nine cubic yards of day were sis^
in sto]>])ing leaks and stren«;thening embankments.
At Lork 3. — The tbundation wall and piers for the 1ock-mastcr*8 house werseoov
]>leteil. i!7 eubie yards of earth being excavated, and 21 cubic yards of masonry bid
the tbundaticui i** now reatly tor the superstrueture.
lit tin nt Liirkx 3 and t. — I'onr of the valves in Hluewatcr Dam bein^ In bad oond
lion wi*re removed and replaced by new and strunger ones. Niucty-oight cubic ysr
ofroi'k which had lalleii into the eanal t'rom the blutfs were nuuoved. Twohnndl
and tliirty rubji' yards ot' riprap were ])laeed on the outside of the embankment.
/.'»-A 1. — A quariy eamp was established at this loek, and a quarry opened on If
b«l(ini:ing to till' I'nited St:ite^. tor the ]>ur]M)se of getting stone to lie used in pav
tlie inner Klo|»t> ot'tlie ean:il eiiibanknient, and in ballasting the railway; np to
end ni" the iNcal vi-ar 7.:>:>«i r\\]iu- yanls of stone had Ium'u iinarriod and 6,6U c
yanis of eariii strip)>ed tVoiii i|narry: of the .stone i|uarried 2,000 cubic yards '
UM-d in hail.'istiug i:iihv:i\. About .lune 1 a stone -crusher w.isrecei veil attheqi
and UMiTinted on a bari^e inv touveiiienee in handling: this plant has since been
in ]>n]»ariiig stout? i"or us.- on rail\\ay. slM cubic yards being crushed.
TweuTy eul)ic >ards of earth exeavulcd for fuuiidatiuu of lock-master's hooae
yards ma.soury laitl.
IKT OF LIEtTTENAST OOETHAI-S. 2309
and a,— Twi'iily-fiv" •■nhiv yarrtH of rlprnp Mtoiic ifriTu imnil in
UDlithi-iiing tliii ciubuiiknient.
^1 Lncl a. — Biiikea, tvolk \tay, luid flouts tiPVQ nttanliiid to thn drop i^nto, un<l l.lio
■ftat-irou iiiil«r gc&ra I'DunooUnK rocUoal with liorixocitiU Hliafta vivTe. repluceil b;
-ni itfvl. Otu) Uionsiuid And firty-oiui vubic vurds of enrth und 11 cubia ^rords of
~«ikini Btonc veie luuid in filUns In on the nartb jtide of th« lock, givicg mi Mobuilc-
•-ni about 15 tm'i in nidtii at iup.
-^CalKWMi Lmlai S and 0, — In tbe vioiuity of Four-Mtk Crock, tliu iinol being mnpty,
%>nuiob tnwk 500 feet long nas laid &oni the rnilwuy to tliu biittom of tliu [^nnul,
1^4 G,3B0 vnbic yaids of earth were romovud froia ttbove griMlii. Four bondred will
■iety-«iglit uubio yKrd« of heavy riprip stone wore taken IVuia Brook's Quurry and
Laf^ on tli« out«r elope of the embankment J unt belo n Six-Mile Creek. To do this
~«>rk U> MtTHntll^ a Bteuni derrick wob erectt^d on u barge.
Two luaneuveriiig gvurs for opening and closing valves were pnt in at Six-Mile
Jt lMi<k 6. — t'lofttH iiiid brakes wore attached to the drop ^ate, and caet-iroti bevel
B>9m«plao#d by nWiA. Woik was done on the aesiBtnnl eugineer'B house as follows:
*,S)il brti-k laid ; 1,!I86 sigiinr^ yards pliiateriog (two coats), 465 square yards lath-
■ c; 36" foft Mooring- laid; WO feet uejling put in front hall; front etairway bnilt
::»qaiplvl«; frontnuilaidu veranda* bnilt; lireplai'Obnilttu front hall, and fivo hearths
rad Bt>nt<>ls pnt In; doors and windows ciised and liuisfaed, and painting complete
uwto and (int. The honae is now finished, with e^ccription of plniubing.
J'ODiidatlon wall and piers for the lock-in ntiti.>r's lionse were compti<ted, 2S cnbio
ttrd* of eartb beiug excavated and 21 cnbic ynrdsof masonry laid j tbo fotiadatiun is
■•dy for Lbe aiipnrstrnrtnre.
TbMin WDT* bIwi liiiilt a house for t.be shelter of lime and cement, a temporary abel-
nt lor lanamotive, and a fence iiroiuid tbe Uuit«d States land on the north side of -
tursDal. A sborl wall of dry nibble was built on the inner slope of the embauk-
EMat inuoediately below the luck to protect oinbaokment against wash during
■(nptyiiiit of lock.
iMnvn LoFtaB and 7. — One hiunln-d and forty-two onbic yards of eiirth and gravel
L«]ii»it woreiemovod Iroin the but trim of Ibo caual.
i^fwriacf. — A timber fonder guard was built on either aide of the aquednct along
>• vlialu length, with Ihc obJi-<'l ufleasontng the shock in case of collision with the
■Ltnctnre by paiMiing orutt.
New ralvea and \ alve-gear were put in just above and below the aqueduct, and
>«nunnlntlonB of drift were cleartd away from against tbe upper sides of its piers.
JlLofk 7. — Drakes and floata were put on drop gate, and a broken pinion was nv
nored from the hiirisontal shaft and replaced by a new one. Cast-iron miter gears
•"we replaJied bv steel. Tliirlv-live biiinhi'il ;iiid ti'wtitv -niic cubic yards of earth
*»>d>lO cubic yardiol' i.v. : ■ . ■ ... ■ .: ... .■..■... k .if the lor-k wall on
■ill north aidi.-. yiviiiL: ... ..i' about l.'i degrees.
A house for the ussistiint loik iiiri-.li-i- u.i- Ipiiilt. on the simlli nido of the lock,
BrlKten /yOctn 7 arirf ff. — Fniir thnii-.niii livl^ liiiiidud Miirl iij;lity-two cnbic yards of
■'ick were quarried from Ihi- lit nil's on tin* rKiith .-inle oi' tbo e;iiial just below Loi-k 7,
'ndJ,216 cubic yards of thin :iiimiiut wiic jihiicd as rijinip on the out«r slope of tbe
■twhankment on the same sect iiui. TUBSpuIlaolitaincdin the course of the work were
^^fA as pavement on the iiiiiiT uliipe of tbe embankment. As a result of this rock
'*«Talion tbe available widlli of the canal at the benil Jnat below Lock 7 was in-
■■"■aM-rt by 30 feet. Three hun.lrcil and ninety -three cubic yards of clay were nsed
** Hupping leaka.
i' Lock S. — Krakes and no:ilK were put on tlin drop gate; cast-iron mih-r-gears re-
sliced by st«el, and the plank v ;ilk-u :iv aloii" tile norib bide of the lock was com-
mitted.
ilLotkB. — Brakes and IIh.iIh iv.tc put on drop gate, and cast-iron miter-gears ro-
*J»W.I bv Ht^ld.
. *f(..ir/.n<+.l.— One Ihnti.-iiii'I lur, liii.i.licd cubic valils of sand ami gravel were
■Vhlgtd from tbe.ntraiKr' to 1}i>' imii:i1 ;iiid llironn over into deep water in tberiver
"Jthe rnit4*d Stat.-s Drr.lyc ll.i,-ii'..„<l, and :iii old coftVrdaui which had been an ob-
'tiactiun at low water «ms rrmui ••[.
BaiiKaii coiintrii'ii'iii. — On .T;tuuiiiy 5 the work of rebuilding tbe railway along
*bs eanal towpafb was In ;;iiii, :iiirl up lo Julv 1 a length of 50,500 feet had been
^pielcd. The Hack i> hud i.ii lies of white and j>ost oak, and U ballasted with
"roken Btnne throaubont . .\ new tO-pnund nteel rail is used on the side of the track
'>s»egt tlie canal, Ihc other side bring made up of tbe best of tbe rails from the old
^k. Two new lt<-ton locomotives were received during the year, and one of them
Wbeen in constant niu' for several montlis.
The Bte.imcr ^uFartanil has been employed in towing and assisting in the general
*ork oil the can.il,
JflMMffoitMU*.— The telephone line has been extended to Looks 7 And 8. A derrick
2310 EEPOST OP THE CttlEP OF ESGINEBBS, tJ. fl. AttMY.
liuilt
itiH' liir thu UHO of tlio Unites Stiktefi anaK liont Tr«(»I. Wc«4l nd
liiiii; tlit> liaiiUit »i' tlie ciiiinl lor a. (listiiuce »f 14 miles and ftwn (ba
I iiir II iii.stuiic^! of ubunt. '■ luilua. Alii>nt 200 miifikrut lioles were dug out aixl
1. II)) to Aiiril iiliiiiMt tioiiHtunt r<>p,iirii wore lundo to tbe old rnitwny, u ii
f \t» 1i]iil I'linilition itwus In voiiHtiint use. Tlie following table will sbov it i
tliv total nuioiuit of exunvutiiin, et-c., done dnriiig the jeu :
[Qi"
at glveu la rnblc yaidi.]
K,o...l...
nu.
Qi^y.
^1
Location.
1
1
i
lii
1
^
1
1
1
i
1
i
1
Al«TBljwt A
l,aT5
MS
""
n>
UI
UZ
\a
*
Hi
in, MB
...!*
::::::::
_.\Ur.M-l.M,kl
1
tJ
::::;|:::::::i::::;..::;:;;:c;::;
.::::!:::::::c:;::l:::::::::::
]Irtw..^ii3inil4 1 ' Wi
ii;,i;SJ;iii:::::l:;::::::'...f:,:::::i:::::::
1 saa. 1
:::: -ii!.!:™-.*^*!'.
m
Ih-twii-nSaiiilU
ttSJiidi i
■;-;^-'
I,OSi u
"iiii
....
■,a
i«i::::i.;::.:
1-:
SI
]j,.iiTw'L.--ko....;:::.'i;2™i
■-■-■■-l""i*^'
aw| 4.316
:::::::j:::;;;:
i *
,5B3 1 J,7
".
11.UT9
7,0.T
'"
__
• Dry nibblo. I
3. FLOKENCK, ALABAMA, TO THE FOOT OP BEE TBEB BHOAM-
Coibcrt and Rcc Tr«e Sliiiiils, bfgiiiiiiiig aliont 22 miles below Fl'"'
ciii-i', Jiirm ilic princrpiil olislnn-titnis to tiavipitioii iluring tlic It**'
v,;itci'sl;iif<>s. T!ir,-ie«lnJiils. wliicli iiiiivbci-Diisiilc-rwl iist'oniiiiigouoc*''''
tiiMK.us obsliH'l.-. sue, ■■< mill's iri b'li^'tli.witli a total fall oi'l'S filet al I*-',
wa(cr. jimlat tlii.-; sl;i;:.; liii' (]f|.lli ill tin; eluiilliel i» almnt l."i ft- VI
'•■•-■■r ishiiids diviilc tJir liv.-i tlirijnirU Uic slioals l»ngitiidiiially,aiidC*^,
(11- llic iiiiprovi'mcnt fif navigation consist-* ■
■;.1> d.M - - .
:vlofi)]'(;
I In- <
nl.T to llif ubutc
liiincd bv i-banin'l cxiM
^■.^t■um. '
Hiiati- Id tin- inx'sunf m
(■(is of nil
Sni'vcys wi-rc iinnlc i
1 Ani;ust
additiiinjil iiitbrniution
s w;is rci
tVir tin' ladiciil irii|)i'()v.
n.Tit of t
wjtli tlie islands, <-onfin *^
I bniLk. Incicascd dpptii waa^ ^
Tliis nietbud does not give results a*^'
i](l Heptenibcr, 1S90, to procure en^^i
iiodto piPimreai)rojectande8tima-
!■ slKials, Those surveys, at first co'
linoil to the islands and tlic chnle to the south, were subKoquently e^
tcinli'd ovi'i' tint bolhiin linnls ahiiifr the south rivor bank. The dn "^^
(ilitiiiiii'd wiis .submitted to a Bonrd of Engineer Ollk'Cis, aud the iff"
omiin iidiilioii of the ISoni'il to ojicn navigation aromid the slioflle 1 ^^j^
iTii'iins 111' a iii(t-ral tanal excavated t1ii'ou}>:l] the Iwittora liiiids along tl *
Koulb bank WHS jij-provcd Kovcinbor 28. ISiW. The existing projcr *;
thei'i't'ore, i'i)ut(«iiip]ates the i-onstrnclion of a eanal on the aontb bat»'
of thu ri\i3r, 7.8 miles long, lOO feet wide at the water surfiwe, and *
^|*ENDIX PP — UKPOnr or LIKUTENANT OOETHALia. 2311
;h of 7 ffivt^ A combined lock, with a total litl of 2u l'«ct, is to be
vd lit tlie lower end and a guard lot^k at the head f'oi' iinuwheii wx-
ry ul Very liigh wat*r, the locks to be 80 by ^oO feet aiid u depth of
>( of water on the mit«r sills at extreme low water.
survey party was organized in April to locate the proposed canal,
to det«rinine depth of I'oi-k suitable for lock foundationst, cliarwtcr
lil to be excavated, amount of channel excavation at the appnnM^hes,
at of lands to be purchased, and such other data as is rt^quircd to
lare the drawings and plans necessary to itroiwrly carry on the
[ of construction.
le party began operations in May and at the end of the fiscal year
ulesofthepropused canal were located and staked out; preliminary
I were ran to get an at^ciirate topographical knowledge of the ground
re determining the final line. Four permanent gauges were estab-
■d. connected by a line of levels, and diuly reconl kept of the gauge
iiigs. Boundiiigs were taken in the river below the lower entrance
y 20 feet on lines 20 feet apart. CroB« sections, extending up to
-water level, were taken every 100 feet, and at shorter intervals
re the ground was iiregular; borings were made at these cross
ions to detennine ebaracter of subsoil. Twelve pits were sunk to
along thelowejf2 miles of the route to accurately determine its
acter and extent. The topographical maps were plotted as field
£ jirogrt^ssed.
f the jil5(l,000 allotted for the improvement of Colbert and Bee
Shoals in a<X!)ordauce with tbe approved project, $4,670.20 were
^uded up to the close of tbe fiscal year.
le new draw in the bridge at Florence is completed, but three old
i still obstruct the vfaannel. The owners have been duly notified
tmove these obstructions and to modify the abutment pier; work
>mpliance with the notice is now under way.
le money statement for this work is consolidated with that for Ten-
et Itiver below llee Tree Shoals { A])pendix E E 1), so as to embrace
Budre reach of the river behiw Chattanooga, aa follows:
TENNESSEE RIVKK BELOW CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE.
Miinry xtatement.
1.1890, bainnc-eiim^xpi'ii.iea $35,501.30
sfer Betllemeuts 57la, 5740, iiiui afciH 3. 91
int »ppropriii1.-<i liy i.c't npprov.-.i Sopt.-iuberig, ISSW 475,000.00
510, 506. 21
30, 1891, omoiiDt exiieii.l.'d during fiapiil year 160, 619. 65
1. 1891, Liilaiicc uiieipenilea 349,885.56
1, 1891, oiitstniiiliDK liabilities $17, 369. 91
1, 1891, amount cov.^red l.v uiic'ouipkte.l contracts . . 27, 5^. 60
41,955.61
1, 1891, lialmice availaljle 304,930.06
onnt (eBtimated) required for completion of exisling prnjpct 6, 565,762. 00
oiinl tliat cnii lie prcitil;i1>ly eitieudcd Id fiscal year culling June
0,1893 2, IM, 000. 00
imilled in coniidianie will) requirciueutaof BcctioQs2 of liver nod
arbor acta ul" l«iiO aud 1S67.
2312 BGPORT OF THE CHIEF OF BNOnTKEBS, 0. 8. ARHT.
ruMMriiriAi. statibtich from jult 1, 1890, to tvKr.'Xi, 1891.
I fhallaHiHiffii, TrHK,, auA OrrnlHr, Aln.
^'fh> liaetof Irangporlali
portAtiun Compai ' '
KlHl^p^KnrTn
. . ,betweenChattanooga,T«iiin.,>ndat.IiOiiia,llo. Vmnamtttt
iKatlou Company, between Sheffield, Al>., and PadocAh, Kj.
mmeofboat.
I-Vlh.
B»MIL
»^
T— P-
AM.
SCO
ss
1M.0
iM.a
lSt.0
1W.0
is
lua
ii
M
i:
t.
t
fc4
Bit«» Fltrntf. AM.
Clvde
S:?!t^::::::;::-T::::::::-::::-:::::::::::::::;
SS
•o.*
[Flg-ironper
Ftom Florence u.t Sheffield to—
*»«»
>,d
1.7S
Is
»■
'££
To Flownru
n.l SlHfflrtrt fwin-
""■"AJd" ™
"^S'.S'iSr
FloiirpgrbanL
nywal«. Bymll.
■»»«■
B,^.
ar-t-
SI. ■.••iii». Ml-...
li-JiP.. IH
i
'"1
Cmlt.
5
i
"*§
^m APPENDIX FT — REPORT OP LIEITTENANT G0ETHAL8. 2313
*lKroiiT 111' UO.VRK OF ENGINEliBS 0?f ISJTBOVKMEUT OF THE "flUUB."
ENlilXKER OFKIOK, XL S. Abmt,
Naahvillc, Tenn., (Moher 23, 1890.
Okskral: The Board of Engineer Officers constitnf«d by Special
Orders Xo. 83, Ilfaiifiiiiiitcis, Oorps of Engineers, December IG, 1880,
■vooRvened at NashvUlc, Tenn., on the ciLUof tbe senior member, Ooto-
»>er \A. 189(1.
By an iuilorsement dated office Chief of Engineer*^ Jannary 3, 1800,
«m A letter addressed to the (.Iliief of Engineers by Lieut. Col. J. W.
Surloxr, under date of December 30, 1889, the consideration by this
!Board of a project for the i-emoval of obstructions in the Teoiiesfiee
Tliver — rommonly known as the " Suck " — was required.
On *><!tober 18, 18fM), the Board proceeded to Ohnttauooga, Tonn., and
«>n the following day made a i>ei'HoujiI examination of the obstrat^tiona.
The information fiirniahed by such examiuation, and by former exami-
■lAtioUK, surveys, and rojiortH, enable the Board U> submit tlte following
nvport.:
A detailei:! examination of the "Suck" was mside by I.it'iit, Cnl. S. II,
Jmhic, to)>ogntphic'al engineer, in 1830, and a full di-si lijitimi ol' this
Election of the river, with project for improvement, is >,'iviii in liis r.-port
■<m Holston and Tennessee rivers, made to tbe Board nf IntiTrml Im-
I)ri>vement for East Tennessee, and printed jvs Ex. Dix;. No, Ifi", Forty-
VliirdCongresBjSecond session, A full description of these ubstructions
»« also given in a report on examinations and anr\'eys on the Tennessee
^vet by Assistant Engineer W, B. Gaw (under date of Febnuiry 11,
J868) to General Weitzel. Corps of Engineers.
The obstnictiona known as the " Sucfeommonee about 13 miles below
CThattanooga, Tenn., and extend downstream over a distauoe of about 0
*iiiles. They form a 8i"'ri('-! ''f r r!-i''; ■■■-n -u-A livyKinls, known as the
TiuiiblingfShoals. the SurK.r ■ ■ .ni.l ttic S!iilk'l.,iiud
»r«;fomiedl>ybarKi.fgi-:i\t'l. : milM.liil riM;.k, und
by the contraction of the seitioTi of tlie river and tlie excessive elope,
'"esnlting from the passage of tlie river tlirongli a gorge in the Cumber-
'***»d Mountains. During low water these falls are obstructions, owing
'o lack of depth and excessive current; and during high water, while
*^e depth is sutBcient, the enrreut is in some cases so increased by the
''^rrow cross section as to render navigation almost impossible. In
^**<SI-'70 a little work was carried out for the improvement of the Pot
*"ici the 8nck, consisting in the dredging of bowlders, loose rock, and
£*^vel. Some good is rejKH-ted to have resulted from this work.
■A. radical improvement of this section of the Tenqgssee River, which
^■Ckuld render navigation free, easy, and unobstructed at all times,
^ould necessarily consist of an enlargement of the river section and
^**aunel excavation for the distribution of slope over a sufficient length,
***■ the constru<^tion of caimis or slack-water navigation for use at all
?J^ges of the river up to its highest floods. The first method is ifuprac-
r*<sable, and the great expense of the second method renders it unwor-
'■* J of consideration, at least at the present time.
-All the projects heretofore presented for the improvement of Iow-wat«r
*^vigation of the Suck have contemplated the deepening and straight-
^^ing of the channel through the rapids, by dredging of rock and gravel,
***e removingof certain detached rocks, bowlders, and projecting i>oints,
I *hich now cause troublesome whirls and eddies, the construction of .
L K^^*"^ ^^^ changing slope and reducing currents, and arrangements for
JL ^cilltating the hauling of boats up the rapida by meaOB of lines and
\
2314 REPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARICT.
1
capstans : a slight CDlargeinent of the high- water section by the removal
of trees .and certain rooky pnvjections lias also been proposed.
It is the opinion of tlie Board that work of the above characteTyif
canied ont ^vith jndgnient„ will make the passage of the obstnictiomi
here considered easier, and that it is the proi)er cla«8 of improvement
to be applied, when funds may be available, and after the necessary
data has been obtained to permit of a careful and detailed study cf the
problem.
The surveys of the •• Suck" heretofore made, and which are now befixe
the Board, are not sulticiently detailed and complete to fiimish the in-
formation as to channel depths, sloi>es, and other matters needed to^
])n>jectin^ the entire work. A detailed ex<amination should be made for
determining the location and extent of obstructions, and tiie depths and
slopes in tlie channel on the rapids and in the connecting pools, with a
view to determining the probable effect on the depth and current of flie
pools of the work proposed iov decreasing slope and increasing the depth
on the rapids.
While much of the work contemplated for the improvement of the
navigation of the ^^ Suck'' can not be safely undertaken in advance of the
<letiiiled examinations above referred to, it appears that there is some
work, such as the removal of obstructive detached rock and bowlders,
the clearing of banks for facilitating high-water flow, the smoothing of
shores, and providing ring bolts to facilitate pulling boats upstream,
an<l the deposit of such mateiial below the nipids so as to prolong tlie
fall and reduce tlie slo])e can be undertaken to advantage whenever
funds are available for sndi work, and the employment of a small party
for the carrying ont of such partial improvements will offer most &vo^
able opportunities for detailed observations and study of the obstroe-
tions.
Kespectfi'iiy submitted.
J. W. Bablow,
lAeut. CoLj Corps of Engineen.
A. Magkbnzib,
Major. Corps of Engineers.
H. M. ADAX8,
Major y Corps of EnginoerSm
Brig. (Jen. Tno3iAs L. Casey,
Chief of EHtjinetrH. U.S.A.
[First indurbement.]
Office Chief of Engineers,
U. S. Armt,
October 25^ 189(L
Approved,
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen.^ Chief of Engineers,
RKPORT OF BOARD OF ENGINEEKS ON IMPB0VE3IENT OP
MUSCLE SHOALS, TENNESSEE BIVEB.
lilNiiiNEER Office, U. S. Army,
Xashvillej Tenn.y October JSSj 1890.
Generai,: The IJoard of Kn^rineer officers constituted by Special
Orders No. s;^, Hradqnart<ns, <N>rps of Engineers, December 10, 1889,
<'to examine and report what changes and additions are leqoiied in flio
fT — BBPORT OF LIEUTENANT GOETHALS. 231]
WivM^e Shoftlfl GMial system," was instracted, by a letter dated Offi<
riiief of Eni^inenra, Decemlier 17, 1880, "to examine and report fuT.
»;mn thi- nuvigation andaid»to the same upon the Little Muscle Slioals
ul the TeniipRapfi Kiver.
Ill January, 189<), the Board made a trip over Little Mitseie Shoals
iiud had under considemtiou the maps and data at that time available.
Tader date of January 13, 18D0, the following report upon the Little
•UitMele Shoals wa« submitted by the Boimi:
Ttto Bonrd. having irnrn(\illy exnmlned tliit mnpa nnd prnflleti nfliittle Muscle SbonUd
«a<l pittBiintHy ti»teil Ibe current in the nbannnl, nro ul' thn njiinion tUut the prceen
"ii'IIiikI of iTiij.r.ivL'iiii.'ut hv <!\riivation ami wing ilnma i» insniHi'iont to provide i
■ ■" 'iliiii! .iT ;.i I. ri,' ii iipBtreura navigutinn at ull atiiguH iif the rivar. '
' . Ii'- full at low wsU-r is 13 feet in u iliBtunce of 16,01
i< 1 ><iin the foot of tliia atcep ileolinn to l''loreiiae tl
■ I I'l' '>: I i li:it the only pmctiriilile iiiPlbod of p
■■>-iionm iiiivij-iilicii dnrinE low niifer at tin-' ny]f't ]iiiHIi>ii i>i iin- Lit
.. ilr. [a hy » canal anil Iookr; bnt it is tLii Itii Nr.'i i>|i1nIiiil ..i iln^ ]:-^^
:■!■■. i-ys and data now available are not in millir-ii-nt <li r ul in |.i [irjii t.l i
.1.. |i' I |i,Li',t(ii>D of proper plaus and eattmatea. Tlj<.- IIimhI t> mihl ilnn lui,' |>
-■- iij (|[ i,:i- tbeir report upon tbe further imprnvciuiTit, ul' uj.'. iti^itiuii aL ilit Lu
MiiHi'li' ^t'liials until a lietuiled survey of Little Muaole Shoala p»ii be Diuile ilui1 pli
■nil eatimntes for a ciuinl, bused on sucb aurvey, be availiible for consideration.
/riw detailed Burvey proposed by tbe Board having been made, undi
Ijiontenant-Colotiel Barlow's direction, by Lieiitc-nnnt Omilinlw, atifl'^
plans and estimates for a canal having been pn/pinvd, rlir j'.n^nd rfcin-
^'ftiied (It Naahville, Teun., on October XS, ISlHi, H.i- ihi- im i k<T c^-msid-
emtion of the subject, and having carefhlly studii-d ;ill tlir diilu iiv^iil-
nblo, iri.hiding the result of the new survey by Lieutenant tinetlialfi, it
l':<s 111!' liiinor to submit the following report:
Tlic l.iitle Muscle Shoals of the Tennessee River commcnee at a point
' iijili' Itt'low the lower eud of tlie Big Muscle ShoaU Canal mid exteiid
*^*»wristream a distance of 3J miles. The channel tlirongh the rock
"ed uf these shoals at low-water stages is no crooked, of such insuffi-
5"«nt depth, and the cuiTeut is so rapid, that suceesHful navigation is
"nptacticable over this stretch of the river at low-watei' stages.
Tlie only work carried out hcrekifore for the improvement of iiaviga-
Mwnover these shoals has consisted in rock excavation for widening
""d deepening the channel and the construction of diiuis for riiisiug
J-lw Water surface. A slight betterment of the channel has residted
Jt^iu the work carried out, but it is the opinion of tiie Board that, owing
*^> tilt! cliai'acter of the bed of the river and to the excessive slope and
*^ulting rapid current, such a channel as will eventually be required
""^f uavigatiou of the Tennessee River can not be secured by a con"" "
Won of the opcu channel improvement.
[The plau of improvement proimse*! for the Little Muscle Shoals
9 board of int<.^iiial improvement in 1S31 was a canal along the nortl
\ of the river. A similar plan was recommended by M^. Walter
pTarlaiid, Corps of Engineers, in 1S72, and it is the opinion of the
Vd that the radicitl improvement of navigation at these shoals can
g^be accomplished by such canal construction,
e Board would recommend the construction of a canal commencing
acAnt on the north bank about 7,400 feet below Lixik 9 of the Big
Jle Shoals Canal, following down the shore 15,000 feet and entering
liver about 12,001) feet above the railroad bridge at Florence, Ala.
■canal is to be formed by an embankment in the lied of the river,
^ of earth with core of clay, and protected on the outside by riprap
AVJng, and on the inside by riprap; the embiuikmeat. to V)« \^ ts*^
'4
and
ired j[|
tiu^^
«b^|
Jter^ ^
M
1
2316 RKPOl^T OF THE rniEP OP ENGINEERS, tJ. 8. ARlfT.
wido on top, with slope of 1 on 2 outsido :iiii1 2 on .*» iiisitks aud having
a lic^iglit of i> feet above the liigb water of 1870. A lock at the foot of
t\w canal of the same size as tliose of the JMg Muselo Shoals ConaL tint
is, 00 feet by 300 feet, with a litt of 12 feet, will overcome tiie total £dL
A guard loek at head of the canal for use in high water is provided.
The canal Avill furnish a depth of 6 feet at low water, and be availaUa
for use up to the highest stage, extraordinary floods which in tiiemsdves
prohibit navigation not being considered. The proposed plans of canal
are based on a width of prism of not less than 150 feet at any point, and
in some parts tliis width is exceeded. The canal is connected with the
deep p(K>l below Lock 9 of the Big Muscle Shoals by a channel exca-
vated through the rock.
From the fiM)t to the canal to Florence the fall of the river at low
stages is 8 f«»et in a distance of 12,000 feet, giving a current varying
from 2.77 miles per hour at low water, to 4.06 miles per hour at high
water. The dei>th over the section is not at the present time sufficient
at low water tor su(rh navigation as is being provided for by the canala
around the ^luscle Shoals, and it will eventually require deepening,
either by dredging and the closing of secondary channels, or by the
extension of the Little Muscle Shoals Canal to Florence. While an ap-
pix>ximate estimate is presented for such extension of the canal, it is
the opinion of the Hoard that such work need not be considered until
experience proves it to be necessary.
The following estimate of the probable cost of this proposed canal
around the Little Muscle Shoals is presented:
Kock excavation, 46.666 cubic yjinls, at^ 1379,966
Rock cxcavatiou, 29,679 cubic yards, at $4 118^716
Eartli ill cmbaukuieut, 3(U,889 cubic yaitls, at 40 ceuts 121, 965
Kiprap and •travel on oinliaukmeuty iiS^^SS cubic yards, at $1 228^333
Clay in embankment, 21,777 cubic yards, at $1 ... I 21, 777
Paviuj; embankment, U)^K-133 square vards, at $1 lOOl 4SS
Litt lock : : 200^000
Guard lock 150^"
1,280; 210
25 por cent, for superintendence and coutingencies 307,662
1,537,783
The estimated cost of the continuation of the canal to tbe Florence
brid«re is placed at $1,500,000.
Respectfully submitted.
J. W. Bablow,
Lietit. Cohj Corps of Engineers.
A. Maoksnzis^
Majoi\ Corps of Engineers.
II. M. Adams,
Major ^ Corps ofEngineerSm
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers, L\ S, A.
[First iuduracmcntO
Office Chief of Engineers,
U. S. Ab
October 28, 1890.
Eespectfully submitted to the Secretary of War.
The Board of Engineer Officers, constituted by authority of tlie
retary of War of December>13, 1889, submits the within report IMOVI-
■ APPENDIX PP — REPORT OP LIEUTENANT GOETHALS. 2317
mending the constiiictioii of a canal to overcome obstmutiorLS to navi-
gation at Little Mnscle Shoals, Tennessee Eiver.
The only work canied out heretofore for the improvement of naviga-
tion over tboi^e Hhoala has consisted in rock excavation for widening and
deepening the clianiiel and the construction of dams for raising the
vator surface; but it is the opinion of the Board that, o^ing to the
duracter of tlie bed of the river and to the excessive slope and i-esiUting
*'~5(id current, sncli a channel aa will event nally be requii-cd for naviga-
Hi of the TenneBsee Hiver can not bo secured by a continuatloia of the
' 'open channel improvement.
The views of the Board are concnnwl in by ine and the plan of im-
piovemont proposed is recommended for approval.
TUOS. LlNOOLN Cabey,
Brig, Qen., Chief of Engineers.
War Department,
October 29, 1890.
-Approved as recommended by the Chief of Engineers.
L. A. Grant,
Acting Seaetitry of War.
b-:^spoet op board op engineers on empaotement of oolbeet
and bee tree shoals, tennessee river.
Engineer Ofpice, TJ. S. Army,
Ifaahville, Tenn., October 38, 1800.
<3enerAI/: The Board of Engineer Officers constituted by Special
V* »-di-is Xo, 8:.!. Ilfii.lquart..TS. C<iriis of Engiuecrw, IT. S. Anjiy, \V;ish-
•*^^ton, D. C, December 16, 1889," to examine and report what changes
***d additions are required in the Muscle Shoals canal system," was
™^Stnicted by your letter of December 17, 1889, to examine and report
f^^lly upon the Colbert and Bee Tree shoals of the Tennessee Eiver.
^he Board duiing its session in January, 1S90, made a personal and
o-^tailed examination of the Colbert and Bee Tree shoals, and had under
c«r>iisij(Mation the variims plans suggested previous to that date tbrtheir
'**» provement, and such majis and records bearing upon the subject a&
^*!re tlit'u on lile in the United States engineer office at Nashville,
'^^Ln. The data .ivaiiiiblo ;it the time not being sufficient to determine
tlic eflft'c't of those obstruc^tions uiion the existing interests of naviga-
tion, or the cliaracter and ext«nt of improvement justified by the pros-
l***<:tivc ccmmifrce of the Tennessee Biver, the Board found it necessary
'^* delay the preparation of a report upon the subject until further sur-
X^'^'ti could be made and additional facts and opinions could be secured.
*^*^tober 18, 1890, the Board reconvened at Kaahville, Tenn,j and re-
''^'liued in session 11 days. During this meeting careful consideration
wu« given to the new data furnished by the additional detailed surveys
*"uUe subsequent to first meeting of the Board. On October 27 a fur-
^**cr personal examination was made of the Muscle Shoals canal system
^''^d the Colbert and fee Tree shoals, the routes proposed for canals
^^"•Juud the latter obstruction being carefully ^ne over. AH the avail-
*i>le information regaiding the present conditions of navigation on Cyl-
^rt and Bee Tree shoals and the relation of these obstructions to pres-
ent and pntspectivecommercebeingnowathiuid, and full consideration
having bceu given to the questions involved, the Board has the honor
to submit the following rciiort:
2318 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEBS, U. & ABMT.
The Colbert and Bee Ti*ce slioals, which are the most serions obstfofl-
tiou to navigation on the Tennessee River below the Maade Shosh^
extend from a point 22 miles below Florence, Ala., to Waterloo, Ala., a
distance of alxmt S.7 miles. The total fall of water surface at low water
in this distance is alnint 24.5 feet, the fall on Colbert Shoals being
ab(»ur XKt fet t per mile, and on Bee Tree Shoals about 4'83 feet per
miU'. Tlie shoals are separated by a pool about 1.95 miles in lengtii,
Avith a total fall of 0.8 feet. At ordinary low water the depth in the
channel over thi» rocks at the head of Colbert Shoals is only 30 inches,
and at extreme li»w water less than 1 foot; for from 5 to 7 months in
the year the depth is less than 5 feet. At all times, exceptdoring high
sta«^'es, tlie current on these shoals is so swift as to materially interfere
with the interests of navipition, even when a sufficient depth of water i«
found in the channel. As bearin^r upon tlie invseut and prospectiw
commerce of tlu' Tennessee IJiver and the rehition to such commerce of
the pr.)posiMl improvement of <'olbert and Hee Tire shoals, the follow-
ing- extracrs fn»m a letter naeived by the Hoanl fi*om the geneitil man-
ager of tlie Kvansville, Paducah and Tennesstn? River Packet Company
are jiiven:
At the i)rosi>iit tiiiio tluTo are five regular packets navi)]c:i ting the Lower TenneMB^
as liiu:h as riinviice, Ala. » -? » xbo combined toniiaii^o of these boats is aboi»^'^
8a^>> tt»ns. and they run to Waterloo, Ala. (whieh is at the foot of Colbert ShoahT^
all the year round, extending; their trips to Floreue« from 5 to 7 months during th^"
year. I'he heaviest of tlies(> boats, when loaded, draws 7 feet, mid it is only nowai
then durin;r the hi};h-Avatt>r season that they find sufficient water on the sh<MtU — ^^
enable them to biad to their full eapaeity. The business of these boats is entiid]^^
loc;il and it is nearly all contined to points below the shoals, owing to ijie nniclia-'^
liility of navitraticm hiirher u]), and it is a fact beyond dispntc that the 35 miles fron^
yioivnro to Waterloo is eapable of ;;ivin|^ more business to the river than the 23 ^
n)ih>s from Watt tIoo to l\-idneali. In makiujur this statement through bosineHto
]»oints bryond Shertield and Florenee has not been considered, • • • It would be
ditUenlt to estimate tlie importance of river improvement that would insure river
na vibration to Sh«>tYield and Florence all the year nmnd. The local busineaa of the
river would be lar^ri'ly ineroased. and the amount of through business to and from
the Vh'ui and MissiNsippi rivers that would naturally go over this route can hardly
be estimated. ' Our information is that the Muscle Shoals Canal will not
admit a boat drawin*; niiu'e than.") feet. Acconling to the opinion of many steam-
boat men and others who have knowledge on this subject, 5 feet is inadeqiiate for
the class of boats that run to Dorenee. Towboats often load their barges to 8 or 9
f<>et. and. as Itefore >Tated. our boats draw 7 feet loaded. Whenever the improve-
ment i<i m lib- it should \*v m:ide to correspond with the river below Colbert ehoali
instead of above, as any thin v; short of this will not likely meet the demand. • • •
TInnwands itf tons are taken out of the Lower Tennessee every year by towboats,
and th«' bu.sine^s of towboats would be increased more than any other if navigation
eonid b<> re^xular. Tlu' Tennessee is susceptible of lasting and 'permauent improvo-
m«nt. and with the ex])enditure of a comparatively small sum 5 to 6 feet of water
eitubl be had tVi»m Waterloo to radueah during the lowest stage of tJM river, whirh
nsuallv la^^s but a shnrt time.
Tlie work lieretidore earriod out for the improveiuont of navigation
on the Cnlhert and l>ee Tree shoals has consisted of rock excavation
and tlie rnn<truitinn of stone daius for concentrating the water in the
ehannel. Tliis \\(Mk lias ]»ossibly resulted in a very slight deepening of
the eliannvl at low Avater. hut o\viu<r to the excessive slope and Tesolt-
in;r eiirrent at low and even orduiary sta<]^es, which current has been
inereaMMl !>> the \\^n•k carried out. it is apparent that an improvement
by this method whiih would t'urnish an easily navigated channel at all
stajros. es|»ecially tor tows, is inipractiealde at any treasonable expense.
Ti» ;:ivt^. a proper depth and a prat'tieable slo[>e and current wonid ne-
cessitate thr drawin- down ot' the pools above, whieh latter result would
probably devek»p new and serious obstructions. All tiiat it appeals
APPENDIX VF — REPORT OK LIEUTKNANT GOETHAL8. 2319L'
icticablo to gain Ity wuUuuijig this mutliod of improvement wiJl bo
Baliglit Iwttwuitiiit of tlie cbanDel for descenilinp^ navigatiou.
T Under date of Jauiiary W, 1888, Lieuteiiaat-Culoiiel Barlow, Corps of
iDgii"**>i'^i tlio oflU'or in charge of the improveuioiit of the Tenncsucu
'trer, presented a pi'eliniiiiary report upon tlie improvement of Colbert
id. Bee Tree shoalti, in which he a<Ivocated thoabandoumeutof further
lannel excavation and wing-dam eanstntction, and tlie substitution of
^^n of htcks and damn. It wiiM thon su^gestod that Hlack-water navi-
nttion bo pntvided by the conutniction of diuus with locks at the foot
t tlie shoalH.
FSuboequcntly to the prowntatton of this preliminary rt'poit, and aftt^r
%'inore dctailMl pona^mal pxaminatinn i it' iht- liunliiy ImiI Ihch miulv, the
ftmr in chai'Ke dwided to modify liis (iii;;iiiiil i.lnn by llio siiliHtitutiim
If lateral ranals for tlic cross dams. 'I'll-' l;ifci;il <-uM;ii ;it CnHivrt Shoals,
tmttSi miles long, was to be formed by Itiiish Ciedi inland and an
tianknientalwut 14,000 feet in length. At Bee Tree Sboids the canal,
lut 2 miles long, was to be formiMl by Bee Tree and Waterloo islands
1 a connecting embankment about 1,200 feet in length. This system
f improvement was presented to the Chief of Engiu(>ers in a report
(fated December 21, 1889, which repoi-t ia referred to this Board for its
inlonnation.
Tlio Board arc of the opinion that the only radical and proper method
nf overcoming tho obstructions to navigation now found at Colbert autl
I S<« Tree shu;Us of the Tennessee River, eo as to protect the present
Witnmerce and provide for the necessities of the prospective commerce,
te Isy a system of locks and dams; and tlie construction of the lat^sral
*'*Miftls in the bed of the river, behind existing islands, or on Bomeothor
'*^a«ible routo, is considered preferable to the coiistntctioa of ci'oss dams
*'>th I(M.'ks, for the reason that by snch plan the main river will be left
fi"*"*. ,111(1 iiiiiibftfTucted for the use of boats and other floating craft dnr-
"*S the portion of the year — about 6 months — when the shoals can be
**^"vigated in their natural st-ute.
The lateral canal improvement under consideration should provide
"ot only for tlio present conimen;e of the Tennessee Kiver, but also for
J**" prospective eoinmeiec, wliieh will be made possible by, and surely
"►How, tlie iiiiprovciuciit of the Colbert and lice Tree Shoals and other
''J»«tructed points between the foot of these shoals and the mouth of
^-ue river.
It is the ()b.je('t of these ciiiials lo make navigation of the Tennessee
'*<itweeii Waterloo and I-'loienee .-^afe, easy, and continuous throughout
tj**! year for sueli boats as are best suited for the business of the river.
•\^hile the size and draft of all boats engaged in thi'ough navigation
^in necessaiily be limited, for the present at least, by the existing
*I«iscle Slioab* Canal, and by the gravel bars and shoals between this
^^»int and the Ohio liiver, it is not thought that the capacity of the
. t Usclo Shoals Canal should entirely gov(;rn in deciding ujion the capac-
**",v of canals oi- other work of improvement below Flowsnee, there being
* large prospective liver commerce which will originate in this section
**'" the river and wliich will not be immediately interested in the river
*'>ove.
Detailed surveys arc needed for determiningdefinitely the full extent
^ which tlic Tciuiessee Kiver below Florenc^c is capalde of being im-
Prove<1, hi\t etioii^'li infonnation is now available to indicate that a low-
^ filter iiiliiig de|ith of il feet enn eventually be secured, and -such hiw-
t Water draft should be provided for in the canals around the Colbert and
1
2320 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT. ^H
Bee Tree Shoals by placiiig the mitre sills of the locks at a depth of nokl
less than 6 feet below the adopted low-water plane and excavating thel
oauals to a depth of not less than 7 feet below low water, and as mock I
deeper as exiM*i'ience may show to be necessary to provide for deposits I
The canals sliould be available for use until the depth of water and I
sti^n^th of ('unvnt in the open river are such as to make navigation ia I
the main river safe, easy, and convenient for ascending as well as de- 1
s<*eudin^ hi<=avily laden lK)ats and barges. The locks and eml^ankmenta I
shouhl be given liei^^hts of at least 4 feet and 1 foot respectively above 1
the water surface of the canal at the highest stages at which the canal |
is to be uscmI. Thei'e should be no cui*rent or side drafts in the canal so .]
long as it is in use. j
The k)cks of :^Iuscle Shoals Canal, which ai*e 60 feet wide and 3U0
ieet long, now limit the dimensions of boats which may engage in |
through navigation of the Tennessee Eiver, and such locks are of suffi- j
cient capacity for the class of boats now in use on the river below Flor- 1
ence. But with the improvement of the river firom Florence to the '
mouth may come the necessity for larger boats, and, even if this be not
(*onsi(lei'ed probable, the business to be carried on by fleets of barges
to and from points above the Muscle Shoals, and also to and from Flor-
cu<o and Shetlield, with the delay attending the psissage of large tows
through small Io<*ks, must be considered. It is the opinion of the Board
tliat the locks of the proposed canals around the Colbert and Bee Tree
Shoals should be at least equal in dimensi(ms to the locks of the canals
now ojMna ted by the Government on the Ohio and Mississippi rivers;
that is, S() feet wide and 3oO feet long. Even a greater length may be
desirable.
riaus for canals on the two routes which appear to be most practica-
ble have been considered by the Board.
One ])lan contemplates two canals in the binl of the river, one aronnd
Colbert JShoals, and one around the Bee Tree Shoals. The canals are
connected by IM miles of navigable river. The inner bank of these
canals is formed by the main left shore of the river, and the outer or
river euibankineut is formed by existing islands, connected by masonry
and riprap walls. At the foot of each canal is a single lift lock 80 by 350
feet, having at *• ordinary low water" a depth of 6 feet over miter sillSy
and lifts of 14.4 and 9.3 feet resi)ectively at Colbert and Bee Tree Shoals.
The canal walls and side embankments are placed at such a height as
to furnish still water in the canals until the gauge at the head of Colbert
Shoals reads 7 feet above "ordinary h»w water,** at which stage it is
stated the dei>tli on the shoals is sutlicient for such open-river naviga-
tion as is practicable on other i>ortions of the river. Excavations are
made in rock an<l gravel at the head and foot of the canals and ap-
proaches, furnishing a depth in a channel 200 feet wide or 7 feet at
'* ordinary low watcr.*^ The width of the Colbert Shoals Canal varies
from L'(H)>o i:M\i) feet, and of the Bee Tree Canal from 200 to 350 feet
The bottom of these canals having the slope of the bed of the river, a
much greater dc]»th than 7 feet is given near the lower ends. At all
stajjjes over 7 fcit above ordinary low water at head of Colbert 8hoaIs«
the canals will be iloodcd. The other plans considered are for a canid
7.S long and l.^io fret wide, excavated thnrngh low ground at the foot of
the blutVs s«iuth of tlir i ivi-r and from HM> to TiOO feet back from the left
bank, i^)(•k ruttin;: is required at tlic head and foot of the canal.
Tlic r:in:d bottom i> li\rl tlironjrlHMit and 7 feet below ordinary low
water. Tlic banks, for greater portion of the lengthy are formed by flie
V
i.
' QOKTHAL8.
^ 8(>il mitl tliv i-xuavulcd iTiiitoi-iiil, ami un> I'runi 40 to 2fiO t'«Rt
■At toil. ''*■"' " <JI'-<tiiiii'f tif iiliijiit I mill' till' i-aiiul {liii^Kes around
K>t of ft jH'uicriiiit; lilull :iiiil iMTii|iit-s ;i |t..i[ ii-ii .if ll]« rivcr bed,
*nif an fnilii(ril,Miriit mi ii\.'v li.'il iihi.ni :;it iVrt l.iijli, Tbt^ top of
it»tLen portiKii 111' till- citilMiikiiiriii is |iliif,..| 1 IV-m ;tli..v(! tliehigh-
r<aieiiticated llimd :iii<l tli-- .'iiil.;iiiktiiviit in tin; ilv.t is iibove all
i floods. At the lower end ul' till-* camil iBiilucedaeomLinedloek
lb total lift of 2fl ttett^ aud at the bead is placed a giuird lock for
HeD found necessary, at verjlilgh water. The banks of tliiH canal
tvjtected by riprap. Tbe eanal is made available fur use up to the
»t Htages, and will never be Hootled.
^ estinriHted cost of tlie lateral canals in tfae bed «t the river behind
»g islauds is $:J,7uU,0(H). In xirepariug this eKtimate it has been
Buiry to take in consideration the diHiviillii's atltiMling the earry-
nt of excavation and conBtnietion in thi' IhiI ul' tin' rapid rivur,
et to sudden and frequent rises. C'niM :i riiii™t;iiit lowwuter seu-
« dependwl ou, the estimate could br unit' riiilly irdinvd.
B cost of the canal on the south bank of the river is estimated at
0,000.
0 canals in the bed of the river. 08 compnrwl with the shore canals,
*lli, so loiifi as in use, a w idcr and, lor a loiiff ]inrt.ion of lent>tli, a
er channel, uiid tlicv inTmir the Inking advaiitiij;!- ..f the stretch
Waly navipiilcl liviT livlwe.-ii C.illiert and l!er Tn-e SUcmK In
t respwts Ilie citiial on tlir sh.ui- scerns |ri jhism'ss deri.lrd advan-
B over the Hmt «,.rks. U< e.nisliu.'tinn will 1 iiixied on t.. a
t extent on dry hin.l, rather tlian in the bed <if tlie river, with a
i current ;unl suiijei't to suthleii liscs: the embank men ts, bfing of
•ttlii.'kiH-ss. Willi top above fl Land well back from the river,
be UKire se< lire and permanent than tlie walls and embankments
lie at- times snlinierged river eanal; the location of the shore canal
■ tlie bhity and lieliiiid tlie high timber alont; the river bank pro-
s tVir slieller from liea^'y winds, which winds would at times in-
■rc iiialerially willi the navigation of the exeavate<l channel of j!llU
in the rocky lied ot the river canal; and the height proje(;ted for
s anil einlinnkfiienl-^ provides for tlie possible use of the shore canal
iiiy ami all stages from the htwest to the highest, while in case of
r canal the ii>e of i>|ieii river over a stage of 7 feet above ordinary
water is a neces^it.\ . Sediiiient will be brought into a shoi-e canal
1 till' river (iirough llic hicks ami by the <'reeks along its route, and
will [nohaiily be its most serious defect; but, beingeasily remedied
Ircdging, is nut coiisidored so great as to outweigh the advantages
he iloanl W(in!<l. for the reasons lierciii given, recommend a.s the
t proper ]ilari for rettioviiig the obslrni'lions to navigation at the
leit ami Hec 'fiee shoals of the Tennessee IJiver the cotistructiou of a
ll on till- >onth bank of the river as herein described.
lie Hoard lias not given detailed consideration to any plan for cross
"8 and loiks and a slack ■ water iinprovemeiit, itbeing in their opinion
:pedii>nt In iiitri fevc with the frefi and uiiobstnK'ted navigation of
open liM-r. wliirli is pra<li<-ablc during a large portion of tlie year.
slack walfr (iii]iiovenient of the main channel of the river were
ded inaci i<"il>lc and a<tvisable its cost wouhi undoubtedly be much
than Hie cost of the jiroposetl canal.
n ontliiie niaj) of the section of ttie river inchiding Colbert and Bee
5 shoals.npon a scale of 1 iuch to StW feet, and upon which are show ii
E^u !H 14G
2322 KEPOUT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. '"
tin* liK'Utiou of the two lines of eaualss under eoiisklenitiou. iss
niittetl herewith.
Respectfully submitted.
J. W. Barlow,
Lieut. <'nf„ CorjMf of fJnfftnem.
A. MACI^^NZIfi,
Miijor. Corps of Engineen,
H. M. ^Vdahs,
Major, Corps of Engineen.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Etigittrn'M, T. N. A.
[First iinloi'M'iiH'iil.]
Office Chief of Engineers,
I'. 8. Abmy,
Xovember 13 j 189ik
Kesi>eotfully submitted to the Secretary of War.
The Board of Engineer Officers constituted by authority of the Seen
tary of War of DtTember 13, 1889, submits the within report reocHi
mending the constniction of a canal on the south bank of the river t
overcome the obstructions to navigation at the Colbert and Bee Tw
shoals of the Tennessee Kiver.
The work herctofoi-e carried out for the iuiiux)vement of na^igatio
(»n the Colbert and Bee Tree slioals has consisted of itK^k excavatio
an<l the construction of stone dams for concentrating the water iu tli
channel: but owing t4> tlic excessive slo^ie and resulting rapid eurren
it is apparent that an improvement by this method, which would fiarnis
an easily navigateil channel at all stages, is impracticable at aoyreasoi
able exp<»nse.
Th(» vi<»ws of the Boanl are concurred in by me and the plan of in
lUDvement proiH)sed is recommended for approval.
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Engineers.
[Stx'uml iuUuriM-iueni . _:
War Department,
Xorember 28, 1890.
The plan of improvement reconunended by tlu' Chief of Engineers i
a]>proved.
L. A. Grant,
Ansifistant ikvrctarjf of War.
F F 2.
(n'KKATIXt; AND CARK OF MUSCLK .SHOAl.S CA!f A L, TENNESSEE RIVEJ
The .Musch* Shoals Canal, wiiich lias been in the course of constrm
tiou since lS7r>. was fmnially opened to piiblie traffic on the 10th day <
"Nnvrill})er. 1S!»0.
The r;iii:il r<insi>ts of t\\(» seetinii.N. the Klk Kiver Division and th
.Muscle S1i(>:)N l>ivisi4»n: the foniicr is l.r> miles long and has two hH*ki
■BNDIX V V — REPORT OF LIEUTENANT G0ETHAL8. 2323 '
li m by .tot) fijet, with a. total lift of 23 feet. Tli&Miiscle Shoals Di-
'ti, bcgiuniiig about S mileN ht'Iovr, is 11.5 inili»4 loug and lias Ix-tMi
mstructiMl by lelmildiiig imtl viiliir^tug the old oanal biiilt by flie
bBt« ot Alabama, I8.'tl-183<>. Tliia ciiual was ii»ed one seaaou, but
_ e olwtmttions in the livi'r above iiiul belnw jicruiif leil navigation ouly
_ ihriuj; curtaJu stjigeM of tlie watiM'; aa uo funds were upproi)riated for
ibi main tell all ('<-> it vain abamlimcd in 1837.
AHrecou(ttn)i-t(>d, thiM divi-'^ionitontriiiisK liicics of same dimensions as
thoM- in the ni)i«>r divinion with a total lift of 85 feet.
Since tlie oix'uing uf the i-aiiiil, the locks, mavJiineiy, and Burrouud-
in;^ liare been carul for and kept in good condition. The canal etn-
bankinent was inHjieetetl daily, along its entire length, for the punwse
of detecting and locating leaks; all serions ones were promptly repaii'eil.
Several Hmall broakH were made in the longitudinal dam above Lock
A by drift during the last high water; these have been partially re-
I>aired; ICScubicyardsof riprap stone taken fWim the Bhiff qnarry wera
iiMe«l for thin ]inr]>uHe.
One seriouH break occurred on the Muscle Shoals Division; on Ft?b-
niary 11 about -10 linear feet of the outer embankment at the lower end
of the iK|uedui-t washed out to river level; 25U cubic yards of earth and
i1 cHliic yard.H of wtone were n«ed in repairing this break, and the canal
u:is |iiii ill w.iilviiig oi-der by February 14: iio delay to traffic resoltud
fii.1,1 l!ii. li.vi.lnit.
Tho liiiivil Stales dredge Harwood removed 3,2(10 cubic yards of
sediuiuiit liiiil bad been deposited iu the entrance to the canal by the
river and Firat (3roek during high water: also 2,42(i cubic yards from
between Locka 2 and 4, dejMsited by Bluewator (Jr^'Jt and small
branches.
The tug MiFarlniid was emph'vi'd ;issiMtinj; twws through the canal,
aud when necessary two Iwoiiiotivcs were used for similar purposes.
Mtinrfl xUiti-mriit.
Jiiiy 1, DfltLliiihiTiir to li.' <-.,v,.r.<! int.. Tivimuty 23.207.96
AiiJfiiut ivsliuiaU-.l; lyiiiiiivd lui .ijitr-iliou audcaretu J uuc 30,1892 55,000.00
1
2324 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AS3fT.
Ditaihtl tj-pnitfs tHcurrnl for opirtitiuy and (ti/'c of' Mutch ShoaU CoHal from X^rrw^
10, 1S90, to June ;/(>, ISOl.
MuDtli.
Nnv . .
.1.111 ....
III.
M.tr ...
-\]»r . . .
Mjy . .
.lunr. . .
Odlro ami ailniiiiiii-
t rat ion.
I
0}»cnitiii^. cart', rvimint, etc.
Lock* 1 tti 9.
•X.
•/.
X
X
r.
Gmi
fouL
«
X
^w
^
u
•X.
X
•r^
•
-a
:
^"
IM
■■*•
^j
- mm
s
ST
'm
*^
X.
X
!r^
?i:'7. 42 $157. 42 $240. m*
«il2i' 1. T:> 121. 75 4U5. 0;» $t»7. 17 . ..
... ri4o.oit t«:tt».(Hi ««Ro.(Nifi,«e;.4:
. . . 472. 17 bJf2. :» I $ltf 1. «1 fl6l. 31 1. S&S
270
ii:>
22:«
22.'»
i5.'«V>
270. «»
270. W"
195. «K»
225. 00
240. rti
2.'»«». «Ki
39,V 0<» :».'i. lH>
:i9.".. iHi 7i>. M 465. «'«
425. iH) 425. w»
470. iHi C«.07 fCl. 10 5:W. 17
415. 0»» 85.15 27.1HI 557.15
4:^). 7H 70. 45 51M . 21
I
1.2X».4» , l,238w
l.tU2.5i> 163.21 1 ].80Sl
1.45i).t}7 241.42 11.701.
l.fi5ii.0G $U.10i l.e6L
1 . iK«. 50 107. 21 191. 77= 1. 85&
l.:i02.49 175.50 72.28 1.810.
49* i.aii
7i: 2,Mi^7
09: 2.3SLi
76. 3L4K.9
48 2.7S6cl
^: 2,56L4
1 . Vo 1 74. 17 1 . 72». 17 ;i. 2ii5. 76 35S. 9» 3«>. 10 3. 5M. 70 10. 34i>. 81 849. 15 27& 15 11, tf8. 1 11«. 79* I
I I ^1 i
Tnii^ir thntHoh iht }fnxrlf Shooh ('una! <t»nnif fincal year rndtHg June SO^ 1S92; 08M
ttptnai to uuriifuiiou yorvmher 10, ls.'^f.
Suaiui-i-s uuiuInv.. 20 Flunr ,
Itariifs ilo 19 Oakextiact
Kafi."* iln 7 Goneral men'lianiliiir ,
Tmiiia^i- .• tiiiis.. 4.257 Logs
.do...
I.uiiilK-r till 645
('i»tit»u di» 157
Grain do 866
Total do.... lL2i
Passongera number. . 1'
The abuve £>tatoiueut of traffic ditcs uot include Guvcmment boats engaged on tli
work.
ESTIM-\TE.
The estimate of fiiuds needed from appmpriation for operating and care of canal
ami other works of navijration. iudetiniii-. Tti !»#■ applied to eurront expenses in oj
eratiiig the Muscle Shoals Canal fmrn July 1. is«ii. tii June 30, 1892, is as follows.
1 a.«j<i!*iant en«rineer, at ;?175 per month 92,1(1
I uia.Ntcr methanic. at ;?100 per monih l^JJ
I I liukmast«>rs. at t".'> per month each 9,91]
11 as.Ni>tant l(»«kuia.<ters. at •f40 per uiouth each 5^28
1 clerk, at >UHi pi-i- month .1,2(]
1 ciminccr at mai liinc shi^]». at ^tO per nnuiih 72
1 ii'h'plnMic lineman, at ->» i»er month OC
L* Idacksmit lis. at t7."> per month each 1, W
1 carp«'Uter. at fN^ per month 9C
•J ovt'iseers, at ^-S<^ ]>«r monih eacli l,9fi
'S^ I;ihorcrs. at >=;U) per mouth »'a»]i Sl.Ot
l»n«li;injx ami towboat cnws. *7(M> j»«'r nmiitli X,4(
^iul»>i>tence. ^\oO per nuuith \4i
Mall-rial and i mitinjtciuies I^K
Tutal fur year G5^0(
FY — REPORT OF LIEUTENANT OflETHALS. 232.5
PREt.IlllNARY EXAMINATION 01' MUIITU OK GUNTEB'S CREEK AT (irV-
TEkSVILLE, ALABAMA, WITH THE VIEW OF ASCERTAINING THE PRAC
TIOABILITY AND APPROXIMATE COST OF 80 IMPROVING THE SAME AS
TO SECURE A SAFE LANDIWJ AliOVE HIGH-WATER MABK.
[PriDleil Id Bodh Ex. Doo. So. IS'J, Fia^ tint Cimenwa. secaad (HsUn.]
Office of the Chief of Enqinf^us,
United States Armt,
WaKhingtOH. I). C, December JiT, 1890.
SiE: I hare the honor to submit the aiToiiiiiaiiying copy of report,
dnt«([ December 23, ISIM), by Lieut. Col, .1. \V, Barlow, Corpn of Eiigi-
oeers. giving results of a preliminary Rxaniiuatiou of "mouth of Gun-
ter*!* Creek, at (lunterBVille, Ala., with the view of ascertaiuiiig the
prncticabiltty aud approximate POHt of mi improving the same ns to »&■
ctire a safe landing above high-water mark," made iu compliance with
reqnirpmentji of the river and harbor act approved September 19. 181M).
Colonel Barlnw Htatea that tho i>re»eiit laiidiuK is sufficient for all
preiieiit ueetlt) of (commerce, and that bo doeit not iM>n»ider the moiitb of
iiunter's Creek worthy of improveniuut a.s contemplated by the act.
The viewa of (Colonel Barlow meet with my approval.
Very respei't fully, your obedient aei-vant,
Thus. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen., Chief of Enginetrg.
Huh. Redfield Pboctob.
Secretary of War.
V.ymyv.v.K Offk r,. U. S, Aumy',
Xiixlirille, Tail)., I>efemlnr k>.% 1f^90.
General: In ci>mi)liaiieo with instructions coiitjiined iu Dcpjirtinent
letter of Septenilier l*i', IMMl. I Iiavc the honor to present the following
rei«irt upon a preliminary c\iiiniiiiitioiiof "moutliof Gunter's Creek, at
Gunlersville, Ala., with Ihe view of ascertaining the practicability and
approximate cost of so ini|)roviug the same as to secure a safe landing
aboie high-water mark."
Ilaviuff visited the locality on several ju-evioua occasions, a personal
examination at this time was not considered necessary. Assistant.
Engineer J. W. Walker, whose rei>ort is transmitted herewith, was
liowever sent to Guntersville for the puri)ose of ascertaining the object
of the improvement and i^ueh other information as might be obtainable.
The present landing, with the wharf boat provided by tbe Tennessee
River Transportation t'ompany, aflords more than the usual facilities
at landing.s on the Tennessee Itiver, and is considered sufficient for all
present needs of cununerce.
To provide the desired improvement would require the excavation of
a navigable channel 1.800 feet long up Gnnter's Creek, the bed of which
is several feet above low water. The exi)ense of making this cliamiel
woubl be considerable, involving the n-moval of about 7.5,000 cubic
yards of material, and should, in myjudgnient, be borne by those inter-
ested in the local advantages to be gained thereby.
2326 BEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMT.
I therefore do not coii?ider that the month of Gnntor s Cret-k is uror-
thy of improvement by the Unite^l States- as oi^ntemplatcMl by the river
and harbor act of September 19, l>9tL
Very respectfiilly. your obedient servant.
J. W. Baslow,
Lieut CoL of Engineers,
Brig. Gen. Tho^ias L. Casey.
Chief of Engineers U. .S\ A.
REPORT OF MR. J. W. WALKER. ASSISTAyr EXGIXEER.
Nashvuxe, Texx.. Iktemher 5!f, ISOO.
CoLOXEL : I have the honor to mbmit the following report on the i>reluninary ex-
n mi nation of the "month of Gnnters Creek, at Gantersville, Ala., with the view of
ii»«'<-rtiiiuing the nractirabilltv and approximate cost of 90 improving the same as to
h4M-iirtr a safe lanainj; above hieh-water mark.^
iliintersville is a village of aoont 450 inhabitants, connty seat of Marshall Connty,
Iof*atefl about three-fonrths of a mile back from the river. The accompanying map
lias be<>n prepared, and is made a part of this report.* It will be seen that Gunter
< 'rf^'k it) a small tributary emptying into an nnnavigable chute on the south bank of
the Teim«tHsee River, about 2,000 feet above the foot of Henr>- Island.
'flie high- water contour, as measured along the back chute and Gunter Creek, is
upward of 3,500 feet from the present landine, and the width of Gunter Creek, from
4; rest to crest of bank, is about 160 feet. whUe the bed of the creek will aven^ an
(■I«;vation of 6 feet above ordinary low water. The river bank at this locabty is
about 28 feet above ordinary low water, and I am told is ov4Tflowed two or three
x'lnifii a year, a fuIj mergence of frt>m 15 to 18 days yearly.
'i'h(; I'eniieAsee Kiver Transportation Company, owners of navigation plying be-
tween Chattanooga, Tenn., and Decatur. Ala., maintain and operate a wharf boat at
itimtersville for the convenience of commerce, thus securing perfect protection from
till* weather as well as hif:h water.
'i'he iibject desired involves an excavation for a steamboat channel of so much of
Guutor Creek as lies from its mouth up to where it cuts through the hill back of the
liottoiji land, a distance of about l.^iO feet, and the removal of a bar of g^vol de-
]Misite(L at- its mouth in the chut*^. Tlie ol»ject desired can only be effected at a great
r<mt, and the jirospective commerce of the place will not justify the improvement of
tlm rrcek ]>y the General Government.
I was not able to (.-oUfct accurate statistics of the commerce of Guntersvile, as there
!•* no ]mblic necessity tliat i-auses the eonipilation of accurate records. Mr. A. J.
iiains, local steamboat a^^ent, gives the following statement as the estimated com-
men-e of Gnntersville !>y river, during th«i past year.
ArtirU'H.
Quantitien. Valnen
SIiiii;:li'4 niiTii>Mr. .
I.llllltM'l i'fi't, I',. M..
<,lttT«»ll iMMIIIlls. .
J'loiir ill). . . .
Sail «lo
1
75. 000
$187.00
r>4K». u«)0
r., (HH). m
'. «:h). <kk)
270, OiK). <M»
r40.0'H» .
1«. LNMi. 00
1U,800 :
1
r>40. 00
Articles.
Quantities.
Com ponndn . .
St oi'k hvtuX . .
Hay jM»niulM..
FfftiliziT do
Men'liaiHli>«' do
300. 000
LHH)
72.000
4,240.000
768,000
Valneft.
$:i. 000. 00
3. (Mm. (Ml
3(t0.O0
33. »2u. 00
Very resi»eeffnlly, your obedient servant,
Licnt. Col. .J. W. Ha K LOW,
Corps of Kn (J in vera J U. S. A.
J. W. Walker,
Assistant Engineer,
•Not printed*
APPENDIX G G.
IMPROVEMENT OF OHIO, MONONGAHELA, CHEAT, ALLEGHENY, AND
MUSKINGUM RIVERS; CONSTRUCTION OF ICE-HARBOR AT MOUTH OF
MUSKINGUM RIVER, OHIO.
liKPORT OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WM. E. MEUIULL, CORPS OF ENGI-
NEERS, OFFICER IN CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING ^JVNE
.W, ISOly WITH OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS.
IMPROVEMENTS.
* •
1. Ohio Rivor. \ 7. Purchase of Lock and Dam No. 7,
2. Operating snag boats on Ohio River. Monongahela River.
3. Operating and care of Davis Island • 8. Purchase of Lock and Dam No. 6,
Dam, Ohio River. • Monongahela River.
4. MovAble dam in Ohio River, near • 9. Cheat River, West Virginia.
month of Beaver River, Pcnnsyl- 10. Allegheny River, Pennsylvania,
vania. i i 11. Dam at Herr Island, Allegheny River.
5. Monongahela River, West Virginia \ 12. Ice-harbor at mouth of Muskingum
and Pennsylvania. River, Ohio.
G. Operating and care of Locks and ! 13. Muskingum River, Ohio.
Dams Nos. 8 and 9, Monongahela | 14. Operating and care of locks and dams
River. i on Muskingum River, Ohio.
EXAMINATIONS.
1.5. Harbor of Owensboro, Kentucky, on
the Ohio River.
16. Tionesttt [Creek]], Pennsylvania, from
17. Improving the Ohio River, between
the mouth of Green River, in the
State of Kentucky, and the city of
the town of Tionesta to the village i Evansville, in the State of Indiana,
of Ball town.
and confining the waters of the first
named river within its present chan-
nel, and preventing danger to nav-
igation from any changes therein.
United States Engineer Office,
Cincinnati^ Ohio, July i, 1S91.
General : I have the honor to submit herewith the annual reports on
the works under my charge for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891.
First Lieut. 0. E. Gillette, Corps of Engineers, has been on duty in this
district during the past fiscal year.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
Wm. E. Merrill,
Lieut. Col. of Engineei'8.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineer H, U. 8. A,
- 1
2328 KEPOKT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
GGi.
IMPROVEMKNT OF OHIO RIVER.
Tlu' I'ivrr and lirtrlnu* act of St»i»ti*nibt»r lS>jlSOO,eoiitaineil tbe follow-
ing itt-ni :
Improving; Ohiii River: Continuing ini]>n)voment. $300,000. of F'liich Bum 17,900
Bliall 1)0 t'xpcnilod in oont>trncting nn ioe pi<'i' pni>»uant to the xircsent or prospectiw
]>l:in oi' tin* C'liit't' of KnginotTs at or noar tlie month of Kerr Run, in Ohio: JVtwiirf,
That tlH> Sociftary of War is horehy authorized and tlireetod to obtain, if be candt
so witlioiir cost to the I'nitod States, a perpetual lease or eonveyaneeox the ripariaa
Ti^ihts (»f th«' ]»ropeity tiwners at said loeality, in the event said ice pier Rhall W
loeatrd >vh«'re there is no hniding ]daee: And provided further. That at aaid locality,
if it he an ini]ivoved landing, he shall tirst obtain a Telin«iniKlinieiit of whurl]i}jre right
and dues in favor of water craft s^M^kin;; proteetion fn»ni damage hy ice; and nopait
of this a]>]>ropriation .shall he used for sueh pur]>os<^ until the foregoing conditiont
are eoniplifd with: and a like sum for like pnrimst's upon sinnlar terms in all le-
s]ie«ts may he used in the diserction of the engineer in charge of the Ohio Rireral
Ripley. Oiiio. and at Portsmouth. Ohio: and ^>.0(H> of Miid Ohio Kiver appropria-
tion inay he used for eontinuathm of harbor inii>rovenient at Madison, Ind., accord-
ing tt> the plans hen-tofore submitted by Lieutenant-Colonel Merrill; #13,250 may be
ex)MMided in the ('oni]detion of the eonstrn<'tion of the embankment on theaonthaide
of the l^reat Miami River near its ju net ion with the Oliio to eonfino the wateri ol
said Miami River in great lloods to the general eours4^ of its channel at or near the
Ohio, to the end that the formation of the bar in the Ohio now obetmctine nayiga-
tion may he arrested : and $1.%.(XN) mi\\ he ex]>ended in «*ompleting the embankment
at ^^hawneetowI1, already ]>artly <'(uistrueted. for the prest^rvationof the harbor at
that phue: the further sum of feo.iKH> may be ex}>ended for the removal of rock ob-
struction at the mouth of the Licking River. Kentucky.
Tho s|HM'ial alh>rinonts nanunl aluno make a total sum of $90,7oQ,
leaving: •'?-00.U50 for j^^'noral improvement. As the Ohio River is OCT
miles lon«r. there is thns left !?L*10 |K*r mile for the geueral benefit ol
navijrittioii. It is evident that no jjrreat amount of workoouldbe accom-
plislie<l with so little.
It was decided to use the available funds in raising the dike at th€
foot of ^larietta Island, in rebuilding tlie old dam at the head of Bleu-
nerliassett Island, and in bnildinjr dikes at Culbim, at the bar below
Risinjx Sun, and at Flint Island, rontniets for these works, and foi
w<uks that rereiveil speeial allotments (except the Licking Bar, whieb
is to be removed by hired labors were made during the fiscal year.
Tlironjilioiit thi» year the Ohio Kiver was unusually high, and all
elassi's of river work were jrreatly hindei*ed by the unusual volume ol
water.
IhitH /nftrrr}i J hi r is (uul Xvrille hlaufh^ 5 mU('i< Mow Pittsburg, — ^Thc
objiM-i of this <lani is to fh>se the oi^ening betwiH>n Davis and XevilU
islainls and tn forrr all the water that passes the Davis Island Dam
duriii;r low st:i«:rs to ;^^n down the ri^lit hand channel and thus iiioreast^
th«' «lr)»tli on Ilorsrtail. Dnft*. Lowery. Merriman, and Whites. Tlw
wash around tlu* Nevilh* Ishindend of thisdam wassiu'cessfully stopiietl
by crib work, and tlie Davis Island end was strengthened. Much dif
litiilty has b*M'n e\]ieri<*n(ed in holding the i>aviug and filling of t hi
lowt-r sh^M' ol' this tlam, on account of the heavy fall at the darn, due U
tlie ^neat h-n^itli of Neville Island, but it is Indie ved that tliis diflii*nlt>
«'aii Ik' ovt'Vfonii'.
/>/7.v at Thr Tin IK 11 milvs hrloir Pittxhunj. — After the subsidence of tlM
spriiiji" Moods it was uotiiMMl that the stone tilling had washed out of twi
of the compart nuMits oi\ the lower slo])eof the dike and that some SDiall
tlama*:** had lu^-n don*' at two other places. Kcpairs were made as souii
as jaacticahh'. and in addition ten of the top timbers that showed signt
of decay were renewed.
rAJ>PKNIll\ nH^RElHlKT OK IJF.irr. Col,. MKKKll.I.. 2329
Ihiw at Maiittl'i Ixliiml. !i:s miUx hlnir I'iHnliurii. — Uudfir (M>uti~J4'.t
dntttl I'«biiiin'y it, 1SS», Willi .losinlj T. Hail. Tliii objot-t ut' this dam is
k> clone tlip leftrliiniil rliiniiie! iif ilii- Ohio River at tViis place, forcing aJl
the wiilpr Aowa tlii" right-biiiiil tliauut'l and past the cily of Mariptto,
nntil tlie river reaolieH a st^e of T feet aud over on tlie Mai-ietta gauge,
when Hip disr-liarKe ib divided between the two rli»unels. The breitk In
tli(^ dam, i-<>]iorted in thi^ last auuunl report, was Buccesstully filled, oad
tbediiiiL wa^c.iiiiilfUnl ;.iid flii> iiititnntclostidinDeceniter, ISiHl. The
■lam i^'.iHilr.-i Ion- i.iUM-.-ii ;il>iiUiiriii»ftndeonta,ina 268,592 feet B.M. of
timber. I t.iisTriiliic >:i)ilsur>iiiiir liUiii^, and 21,2ISpomidH of drift boltn
and spikes, Wiircr roniiiuincs to inn over this daiawben tlie gauge at
Marietta rendH 7.11 feet. During the past winter some damage waa done
to the paving and tilting of the down stream slope, but the main striiu-
ture was not atlV-rted. At the eluar of the fiseal year the repairs wei-o
Dot quitf coniplcied, owing to rises in the river.
I)tke at foot of MiiHetta I»!and, 171 miU'g betotc Pittkburg, — Under con-
teact date*! Fehrmiry 14, I89I, with .J. C. Graham. The object of tliis
dUte is to hohl np Ihe water coming down the right-hand ehute of Mari-
etta Is1an<l, and prevent it from spreading until after it has passed the
Mxrietta Wharf. It was originally built in 1841, and was repaired anil
extender! in I8To. It is in good condition, but owing to the increased
height given to the dam at the he:ui of the island, it is necessary to
raise the dike \a the same height in order to cut oft' the cross current.,
wbi«b luiH already caiise<l the loss of several coal barges. It is also
l<n>p«>sed to rectify the alignment. Atthc close of the fiscal year work
bad iiiil Iweu begun under this eontract.
/>««* ((/ head of lilennnrhasuclt Inland, 18S miles belQa Pittsburg. —
Cndt'r r«Dtraet dat*d February 14, 18S1, with Gichardson and Monroe.
The object of rebuilding this dam {originally constructed in 1884), wbieh
\nu\ been -iradiiiilly worn ili>wii, was to send more water down the nav-
igalilr .■li:iTini'I on ilii' Ohio side of the island and to iitjprovc the bar
at the font. Including abutments, the total length of the proposeil
dam is 1,800 feet. ,
Work was begun on the l.st of ^lay. and at the close of the fiscal year
the abutment on the i.sland side was coiriijiitcd Jur a leiigtii of lilll) Ji-i-t
out of a ti)tal length of 7011 feet, and the riprap protertiim of the banks
wa.s about finished. No work had been done on the dam proper on
account of high water.
Dike af Eight Mile Iflund. i'.'iH aiih-s Iwhnc L'iUiihiirij.—\Jw\c.v contract
dated February J>, 1S8!I, with John ,1. Bhipmau. The object of this dike
is to deepen the water on tlie Itar at the fool of Eight-Mile Island. This
work, which was nearly roinpli-tc at the close of the last fiscal yeiir, is ■
still not <piite flnislicd. lon^ continiKd lii^dj water having made it im-
practicable to do the small aiHuiiiit of lipraiijiing uiul paving that still
remains. On the i-ecommeiidation of this oflice the contract was v\-
tend«Hl to December .'U, l.Slll.
Dikeat Bonanza Bar, H'}2 miles beJwr. Pilfsbiir<i. — Under contract dated
Febmary 9, 1889, with John J. Shipman. The object of this dike was
to narrow the low -water channel ami iln]lrov(^ the very bad bar that had
long been the shoalcst place between Ciricii ti and <';itli'llsbiiig,
Tliis dike has been fnlly completed, and ils etlei'i in iiii|inivinK iiavif;a-
lioii at the locality in (piestion has liecn very decided. The ttjtal length
of the dike is 2,212 feet, and tin- lollowing ijuaiilities of material were
ex|>ended in its constnicfion; ."liis..")!,") Hit ]J. M. timber, 21,*;:Mi culiic
yards riprap stone, and 4!).^:>1 pouixls drilt bolts and spikes.
IHke at VuHam, 471 mihn betvw I'illxliin-t/. — Under contract dated
2330 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
t
February 0, ISOl, with Jolin J. Sliipinan. The object of this dike is to
8troii;4.'tlH'ii aiul wiih'ii tin: rliaiinel by cuttJiigofifthe narrow and cvooked
])assa;;4' down the ri^lit-liaiid slioro. and tliuR compel the river to make
a n4'\v and nioro roninHxIions channol across tli^pi'esent bar.
Work on this dike was bo^un on the 7th of ^lay, and at the end of tlie
tisoal yrar tlie dike extended into the stream 070 feet, measuring ftvn
the 15-foot water mark, thougli tlie 120 feet on the shore was left un-
tinished, to be comi^leted witli the shore pmteetion.
Dilr at lower bar at Bisinff Smu 50.2 mileit below PitfsbHrg. — Under
rontract dated February 0, 181>1, with John J. Shipman. Tlie object of
this dike is to improve tlie lower bar at Rising Sun, which, since the
improvement of the npper bar, !ias been the chief sticking place he-
tv.cen Cincinnati and I^misville.
Work on this dike was bejrnn on the 20th of May, and at the close d
the fiscal year the u]>per row of i>iles had a length of 455 feet and the
lower row of 400 feet. On account of hi|;fh water no brush or stone had
been put in place.
Dike at Madiwn^ Indiana. oo:2 miles below Pittsb^rff. — Under eontracta
dated Febniary 0, 1S80, and February 14, 1891, with AVilliam Kirk
The constniction of tlus dike was ordered by Congn»Rs, and its object
is to iini>rove the harbor of ^ladison by deepening the water on the
liat shore bar that lies along the whole 1ix)nt of this eity. At the close
of the fiscal year the substructure extended into the river 2,2JjO feet,
being the lull propositi length of the dike. All of the bnish filling had
been ]nit in i»laee, and about five-sixths of the necessary stone. Xc
work has yrf been done on the superstrncturt\
Dikr at Flint fftland, (/sv milrsMow PittMburff. — Under contract dated
February 14, ISDl, with William Kirk. The object of this dike is to
eontrart the river and thus <leepen the water below Flint Island, then
being two channels at this phice, neither of which is deep enough foi
navigation dining the low-water seasim. Work under this contiaci
was begun on May 2, and at the close of the fiseal year the dike wm
about coini>letcd for a length of O.-jO feet, though the piling extends 2W
feet further. The shore protection ia tinishe<1.
Dike at CaseifriJh\ SdO miles below J^ittsbnrg. — Under cx>ntract dated
Febniary 0, 1S80, with William Kirk. The pbject of thisdikcistocon
centrate the low-water flow of the river so as to deei)cn the water an
Casey ville Bar. The contract was only let for the snbstractore, and
this was c(mi]>lcted on the loth of Xovember. The new dike begins al
r»attcry l^ock. cm the Illinois sluu*e. and extends svcross the Ulinoif
<*hannel to the middle bar and along the eastern edge thereof. Iti
total length is ;>.4(H) feet; its top is even with the 4-foot stage in till
ri\ tM*. except a length of 400 feet wlK^re the dike crosses the bar, whiel
is even with the 0-foot stage; 1,882 piles, 5.505 cords of brii^ and 27|81(
eul>ic yards <»f stone were used in its construction.
The full effect of this dike on the dei>th of water on Casey ville Barwil
nor luMouie apparent until the low-wat4T season sets in, but I am in
t'oi'UHMl by (Hie of the most (experienced jnlots on that section o
river that tlie <like has already been of gi*eat benefit in straightening
I lie channel, not only at Caseyville, but at Tradewater and Weston
I hereby faeilitat ing navigation, especially with heavy tows. Itis proba
hie that the eflect of the dike will increase in time, and that it will b
mure marked af>f»r the height has been raised by the crib-work tO]
which is to l)e a<hled at a later date.
./>ikr at Middle of Grand Chain, 946 miles Mow Pittsburg. — Under con
tract datcil December 1, 1884, with I. V. Hoag, jr. The channel at tb
APPKKDIX a a — REPOKT OP LIEUT. COI.. MERRILL. 2331
Bninil Chain in brinli'roil on tlie rij-Iit 1)y rrnfs of lock iilonp a IciiRtli of
Tiiije*, estentliuK iu soinepliices to tbeini(ldl«ol'tlic livcr. Tlio
lHJfCt I't'bniWing dikes at this locality i« loforrRthBchainiPlawiiy fmm
^em> ix)ek8. One dike lias been bnilt at the head of tlie ChaiD and aii-
■ at the foot, the dike iu question being interinvdiate. Tt is the
uufavoiable location tor work on the t>hio River, as it is only 20
iDcs from the Mississippi, and flood stages in the latter rivi-r sfop
nrk at the Grand Chain inmost as eflWitaally 3« floods in th« Oliio.
" 9 accounts for the slow progress of the work, and the long time tlmt
a eluiHwd since the conti-act was let. The la«t Beasoii was tbn H)ost.
iftLVoi-able tJiat has yet been enconntered; at n*> time during the ynar
H tlie river low enongb to permit the extension of the dike by sinking
^&ili«, ntid the entire year's work was represented by the biiihling of UHl
fwt iif -stUKTstmetiire. The fonndation line of indniicndrnt i-iibs in
U'.lfll fi-4>tlong; aJid ft length of 2,019 feet is wholly iroTii|ih I'd, cxiept
Ituvin^, for about half its length. The intended lengtli •'!' tti'- ilili*' is
.'{.Wis fwt; it is therefore two thirds done^ On the reiiiiiiiiiiiidiiti'in of
tbb nffico the contract was oxtende<i to Dwemher .'H, l>«ll.
ROCK EXCAVATION.
tUKk Bar at mouth of JAeking River, 40S miU-^ behic I'itHilnirg. — I Inder
contract, dated July 12, 1889, with John F. King. The contractor bi*g)ui
work early in August, and the cofferd;vni was well under way when
the ri\er rose and partly wrecked it. As this was liis second attctnpt,
and as there was no prospect of an early resumption ul' wor 1;, tb<' crm
tra<-ti>r tiniilly decided to abandon his contract, and M'nr Miittin miiiif;
t« that t'R'eet on the 10th of Anarust. As no rock hud ln'cn .■\caviihd.
nil payments were made by the United SUitcs. .\iiiliiniiy «ii^ ri'
(jLU'.-^t.'d and granted to make Ihc cxciiv;itiim iiy liin'd hilxir. Willi
tills view cotlcrdam ttnibcr was bought and trained, and the uci^eHsary
boilers, engines, and pumjts were purchase«l. Iiv<'iything was rea<ly
to prosecute the work with the utmost encrj!:\\ Imt, after waiting in -
vain nutil November for a chaixe to begin the wmk. orders were finally
given to abandon the effort and store tlie plant.
In June tlie material and plant were again Inougld to Ihe grinuid,
but at the end of the tiscal year Ihc eofterdam hiwi iiol yet been begun
on account of the high stage of the river.
irv, rii;i!S.
Ice piers are high isolated eiibs lillcd witii stone, phicwl at tlie upper
end of a landing in order toward office and <!rift. .Vn ice jiier is
usually built in two or more seetioiis, with an iiit*'.rval between them
somewhat greater than the width of a section, the line.s of sw^tions
being at right angles to the shore or inclining downstream. As built
on the Ohio River ice piers have a base of 24 by 44 feet and a top of
24 by 17. The outermost section is usually 30 feet above low water,
and the inner sections a few feet higher.
The acta of Congress authorizing the construction of ice piers require
an antecedent cession of rijiarian rights in favor of water craft seeking
shelter from ice.
Ice pier at Kerr Jinn, l'-17 miles below nttuburg, — Under contract,
dated May 23, 1891, with James K. Ware. This ice ))ier is located at
Ibe upper end of the citj- of Pomeroy, Ohio. At the close of the fiscal
year the contractor had not begun work.
Icepier at Portsmouth, 353 iw(7c« hrlow Pittsburg. — This pier lias four
sitctions. A contract for an ice pier of three sections was made witli
2332 RKPORT OF TIIK CHIEF OF KXGINEERS, U- S- ABMY.
Joliii J. Sliipniaiu iindtT <lato of September IG, 1S80, and one for ft
fourth sootii^u, inside of the othei'S, was made with James B. Wan,
unaer date of :\Ia y 2:?. 1 SOI . •
The tirst t'oiitraet has been eonipleteil. The tliree finished sectaiHtt
(•(»ntain 174.770 feet, B. M., of timber, 9,092 cnbic yards of rock, and
is.i;)8 poun<ls of iron as bolts, spikes, and mooring rings. At the doae
oftheiiseal year no work had been done on the fourth section, bat a
small quantity of riprap had been placed by the new contractor to
furtljer protect the three completed sections.
Itr pier at Eipley, 414 miks beloic Pittsburg, — Under contract| doted
[May *SX 1S(U, with Jasi. K. Ware. At the close of the fiscal year the
contractor was about ready to begin work.
EMBAXICMENTS.
Great Miami etnhatil-ment, 4S9 miles below Pittsburg. — ^The liver and
harbor acts of 188G and 1888 state that the object of this work is to
con line the waters of the Great Miami in great floods, " to the end that
the f( urination of the bar in the Ohio Eiver, now forming and obstroet-
iii;: na vibration, may be arrested.**
1 he act (»f September 19, 181H), allotted ^13,250 for the completion of
th(» Great 3lianii embankment, and at the beginning of the fiscal yeai
x\u'\v was a residue of ??li).4lG.0S left over from pi'evious allotments.
The next stc]» in continuinji: the embankment was to raise the track ol
the Ohio an(l Mississi])i>i IJailroad where it crossed the line of the pro
jjoscd Icvcc, and a contract for this puri)ose was made with the railroad
ciniipany on .lanuary 9, 1891. at 40 cents per cubic yard. The total
cost t>f this work, including incidental expenses, was $8,722.21, leavinj
•r M.M 1.^87 for additional work.
Th«* next step in order was to extend the levee on the east side of the
Oliio and Mississippi liailroad until it reached the point where the lev«
nicr;it'<l inio the roadbed (to be raised) of the Cleveland, Cincinnati.
<'liica;it» and St. Limis l^ailway. A contract for this work was let or
tlic loti) of rlune, 1891. toJohn Johnson. At the close of the fiscal yeai
no work has been done under the last-named contract-.
.hJmhaiih'imut at ShafcncetoiOK SIS mileit beloic Pittsburg, — ^The objed
of this work is stated in the river and harbor act to l>e ^^ the preserva
tion of the harbor," and the work to be done is to strengthen the exist
inji' Icvec by additional earth, and to protect the eaqposed fiEM*es bj
riprap or pavin«r.
A contract for the necessary aniountof earth was made with the Ohi(
and Mississi])]>i Kailway Conipany, under date of January 19, 1891, anc
:ii tlic close of tlie fiscal year this contract had been completed, by thi
delivery of 1 1 ,4.')0 cubic yards of earth. The total cost of this work, in
eluding:' insiieetion an<l incidental expenses, was $3,313.24, leavinf
•'r'l lJlt»o.L*."> which is to ho applied to riprap and paving. No contract
lor the hist named work has vet been let.
m
lis river enters the Ohio at a i>oint 197 miles below Pittsburg am
liles b<'h»w Parkersbur^. The work of improving navigation on thii
BUr HOCKING RIA'ER.
This
11 mi
str«':nn is ]iaid for out of tlie approj)riation for the improvement of th^
Ohio IJi\er. and it flier«-fore appears under that heading. Theolgeei
til i»e att:iined is to permit (Hiio Kiver steamboats to ascend to Cool
Ailh*. Ti niih's alcove tiie mouth, durin^r hi^h and medium stages of th«
Ohio, lakin;; ;Hhanta;:c of the hack water.
Durin;:- tlie ]>asi tisral year 4.'»o <'nl>ie yards of i*ock and several loga
and stuni]»s \\ere removed from the channel. "
APPENDIX GG — REPORT OF LIKtrT. COL. MERRILL. Ii60ii
DREDGING IN l.'iOO.
^ At tlip cliise of lS8!t tLe Ohio Kiver dredges were iu wiuter qiiartciht
't M»ri«-t1a. Owiug to the exLaustiou of Ohio Kirer fuu^s, tiii;y liixl
D remain idle unttl the passage of the river and harbor suit oiiSettk'Ui-
"1, IKIXJ. As the Oswego was ready for work, she was employed in
11 LIU I lie <liiin at the head of Marietta Island and iu helping at tliu
B^t' ll:iriii.r I'K'k while some minor repairs were being made on the Ohio.
It !i of t)i tdber both dredges began work at thofoot of Bleuuer-
^ havxi r ImIaiuI, where they remained until November IX During thin
)M-i'i()d Iliei'e wuti u constant sneeessiou of rises, and the dredges could
(iiil> Sift in 3 days' work, and in this brief periofl they uracked two
(ipii'l." :iiid twisted one dipper pole. As there appeared no profqieut of
wul4T low enough to permit dredging, they were Unally ordered into
wiiilwr niiarters at Marietta, where tUey arrived on November 13 and
tiif ivows and flats on the 14th.
TTiider these exceptional circumstanees it was deemed unnecessary to
prepan; the cuBttimaiy table of expenditures. i
Itump gciitcs. — Under contra<!t dated April 14, 1891, with 8. W. Ooflin
& Son. As the dniup scows of the dredging fleet are worn ont, do.'«igiis
were prepared for two new scows, introdnciug the novel feature of lon-
gitnd in af trusses of steel, extending the whole length of the hold. Kspo-
nen(% has demonstrated that the chief cause of the fi-equent repaiis of
dnmp acows and theii' early deterioration is the lack of longitudinal Ma-
bility, audit is hoped that the increased durability of the new seow)^, and
the saving on ri-)>aii's, will more than jnstifV the increased cost of eon-
Btmction. At the close of the fiscal year these scows were completed.
Tht^ wntracl inlii' for the two, including delivery at Pittsburg, is $7,074.
I'lirther details an* given in tlie fotiowing rejwrt of Mr. E. J. Car-
penter, C. E., 8uj)erinteiuleut of dredging.
The drciic'S sjinit the winter of 1889-'90 in the mouth of tho MiiHkin(jimi HiviT,
and iiH tlKTi- w:is tin money availuble at tlie uhii.iI time for rcsiiiiiption of work,
they reiiuiitii'il in ilir ni'iiiliborhuotl of Muriuttii until .liter the ]iHasu»;e of the river
anil h:irl>or mt un Se|ile[nher I'.t.
As the tihi'i'i h'liliT wi(8 worn out. a now one was ordered and built hefor Ihe jiaa-
K>i;e of ihr a|i[>ro|iriatiaD bill. I'm ]iu rat Ions were aUo made hu tliat tht^ hoata
iiii;;hl l>e|>ii1 in working ordftr bh qiiii'lily ait piiXNilil'-.
I'Triiii .Inly l.'i to AnjEiiHt 38 the (hirfgn WUB oiiiployud at the olil JIarmar Lock, to
]ininp ont iLe coffer ilaiu and fur other piiTposcH, but the eipuDse of this was paid
out of fiinilB belaiiuin)! to the MuHkinKiiin River.
An ninney for the Ohio River became available late in the Heason, it was de-
4'ided loinake only Kuchrcpiiirs to the dreilgcs as were absolutely indispensable, post-
]iontn): the other ri'pairs nnlil the foll«win<; year.
'I'iie OnKigo was really for work in Septunilier, before tlie Ohio, and was employed
ill liaikinc with tirarel the dam at the ncad of Mariftta Island. After the repairs
of the Ohio anil the scows were linislied. further dredKiU}; was itoue about the
Hiiniiar Lock Seplcinber 29-Oetolier S. and ou October 4 the dredges proceeded to
I III- foot of BleiiiiiTliiissett Island. whi'TO they resumed tb» work of removing; tho
old wing dan on tlie Ohio side of the ehaunel. Ou the following day the river had.
riscii HO murh as to eompel the dreilfies to leave the dike, and until November 10 it
remained too higih to permit any i.'xeavation. The dredges made several attempts
t'l re»<tiine work at times when the rirer fell to within a lew feet of the higest stage
at whi'-li work was possible, but they could not be held iu place.
On N..1 ember 10 the river had again fallen, and although it was still too high to
work in nafety, dredging was TCHiiined and n small amount of work was done. On
ll»' lull the ihwego cracked a spnd iu conseqHenee of working in the strong rnrrent
:iimI dicp water, and the /(Afo also enieked u spud and had Ser dipper pole badly
So (bat
r had begun to lisc rn].idly. and there was no prospect that r
2334 K£rOBT of the chief of ENGINEEBS, U. 8. ARMT.
dredges were taken back to Marietta, where, after widening the wliMiiMfci nt n^
month of the Muskingum sulliciently to secure harbor room, they were laid up fiir
the winter.
The total expenditure for the dredging fleet in 1890 was ^11,284.22.
J tarn at hc<\d of AI arietta Island, 16S miles helov Tittsburg, — Dredgiiu^ at this point
was for the puri>oso of 8up]dyiug gravel to bank against the dam which doaea the
West Virginia cliannel, the work being done by the Oswego while the Ohio was
undergoing repairs.
Material from the bar at the head of Marietta Island was loaded into scowa, which
were dumped as closely as possible above the dam. A portion of this uatexial was
afterwards banked against the dam by the dredge. Excavation made September
IMl, and Septenibt-r 1*6 to October 1, 6,813 cubic yards.
Jfam Xo. i. Munkingum liirrr. — The dredges were enii)loyed to Aimish spoil for use
in building a cofiVr at the lower end of the old Hamiar Lock, and also to supply
gnivel for use in making concrete. Excavation made September 29 to C)ctober 3,
1,727 cubic yards.
Harmar, Ohio, 171 milvs below Pittttburg. — The dredges removed firom the channel
below the dike atlhe foot of Marietta Island twa wrecks of coal boats in July, and
one wrecked coal tlat. and one snag weighing two tons, on September 25.
Foot of Blcnnvrhasattt Inland, 16S miles btlow Pittsburg. — ^The object of thia dredg-
ing was to complete the removal of the old wing dam on the Ohio shore, on which
work the dredges had been employed in 18i<8 and 1889.
As previously stated, continuous high water prevented the dredges from doing
more than 3 days' work in over a month, and it seemed inadvisable to attempt any-
thing further under these rircumstances. Excavation made, October, 4,2€Cs cubic
yards; November 10, 11, l,i>r»0 cubic yanls. Total, 1*.212 cubic yards.
^Vt)UK OF SNAG BOAT IN 1890.
1
As the last river and harbor art iiiado the expenses of the Ohio Kiv<
sua^ boat a i>erniaiieiit ehar^a^ on the Treasury, the operations of th
boat will hereafter appear in the Annual IJeport under a separate hea
infr.
rer
this
separate head-
ing.
iiAinioi: LINES.
Under the autluuity eonierred by see t ion 12 of the river aud harbor
aet of September 1\K 181M), the Seeretary of War has onlered that har-
bor lines be establi.shed at Pittsburg, Wheeling, and Giueiniiati. A
Board of Engineers has been appointed to reeonuneiid hiirbor Hues for
adoption, and on the reeoniniendation of the Ihniitl sun'eys of the
harbors of these three cities are now in pi'ogix^ss under charge of this
office, with a view to the aetpiirenient of the necessary data.
NKW «UID(JKS OVKU TUE OHIO KIVER.
During tlie past fiscal year this office has bei'U charged with theduty
of supervising the erection of the Iblbiwing bridges:
Ohio Conntvthifi liaihraif 1trid(f(\ crossing the Ohio River at Brunot
Island, L* miles below rittsburg. This bridge was completed in No-
vember in lull accordance with the plans ai>proved by the Secretary ol
War.
hridfH' of ^y/^(^li}^f| Briihjr and Tnmhial JRailtcay C^mipany^ erotwing
the 01iii» l\iv<M' at Wheeling. Si* miles below Pittsburg. This bridge was
completed in y«»vember. in full accordance with the plans approved by
tlie Secretary of W:ir.
lU'uhiv of ^yh*t^^'in^) Uridij*- dnniHtini. at Wlu*eling, W. Ya., 90 miles
below IMttsbnig. 'fliis bridge crosst»s the Ohio River 2S0 feet lielow
tbc 8nsj)ciisinii liiidgc. At tlir close ol* the fiscal year all of the piers
wen* completed and ilir >ii|M>r.sn-U(-tiirc east \\\' the eliannel span.
lirithir n/ \\ tsf M^iiinilti ttn*i It'tintnn litiihtuul ComfMtnf^ at Keiiova,
Ky., ,*)!;» miles bcloM IMtisimrg. This bridge is still under constnictiou.
^^^^VAFPENDIX QG — lim-OUT Of LILUT. CUL. MEKltlLL. 2335 *■
Bridj/fofike Cmtral Bridge Vimpany, between Newiwi-t and Cinciu-
natj. -WEO miles below rittMomg. At tiio close «f the tiscal year the
BUporstruvtm-L' was in \)\iu-i> on tlm wholfi bridge, 6scei)t the iiurthoi-u
luui uf the caiitilui'iT »nil tin? northiirii anchoring sfian.
HTAUKK OF TIIK IIUIO IMVEK DDKINO ISIHJ-'IU.
The suinmi'^r mill aulumti of 1890 wa« n-inarkable for the steinly con-
tinuaiico of navigable wivt*T, which made itaremarkably t^voralile sea,-
son for river eommeree, but an equally unf'avoiabl« tteason for all work
to l»e iloiie in the bed of the river. Thi- following are the ivcords of
the gaiieeK at I'itteburg, Cinetnuati, and Evansville, whieh may be
taken Ut reprweut the navigable eondition of the Upi>er, Middle, and
Lower Ohio. '
Oauge al J)avi» fslimd JJavi, near FitUburg. — When the d»m is nj>
h)W-wa(er readiugs must b« obtainiMl fitun the gange at the lower end
«f the lock. On this gauge 3 feet 1 inehes eoiTesiHinds to a navigable
depth of 3 feet, and 6 feet corresponds t*) the eanie depth in the river.
Depth In uliannul, ' Uwigc nmaings.
niidvi
3(.«tand
Of«t«ld
Hi|(l,«t.
i.,«t
,»,
1
17
aa
11. «
Fttt.
2=:=-
ILH
U 1 M , "21
' -Total
it
Cini.'i»nati gauije. — The zero of this anx
water: readings of 4 feet loiTesjioTnl to v
thuM' of 7 feet to about (i feet in the elun
ye is iilxnit li feet below low
Ih>ii1 ■"• feet in tlie channel, and
Joir . . . -
OclDb<:r.
233U KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMT.
IJranHviUe <jau(fv. — The zero of this gauge is at the low- water line.
iKC'iulinjrs of 2 foot ronrspoiul to about *^ feet in the channel, and read-
ings of (» fe(*t eoiTospoiMl to about 0 feet in the channel.
Depth in cliannol.
Gaoge mdinsi.
Kvansvillo.
Vmlfr3 3fcotand Gfi-otand tti„i,.^#
Lownt.
July
Au;:iist
Si'jiTi iuImi"
( >i-tnli«-r
NoVl'UlIiiT
lV<"oinl>i-r
ISOI.
Jautiary
Ki'liruary
Miinh
April
May
Juiii' ..-■
Total
Day*. : Day*.
U
0
0
0
0
0
0
I)
U
U
0
0
31
81
30
31
30
31
31
28
31
30
31
30
Dttvi.
30
18
30
31
30
31
31
28
31
30
31
30
FetL
Fett.
14.0
5.1
11.0
4.1
24.9
8.(
21.8
&]
28.5
14.;
2IL0
9.\
37.3
42.6
42.6
37.3
14.8
17,6
16.
3S.I
&:
6.
365
351
r
i
Comparing these leeords with those of ju-evions years, we find thai
the s(»ason of ISiKWlM was remarkable for the abundant supply of watei
durin*:- tlie i^ummer and aiitmiin, being the i)eriods during whieli lev
water is routidently expei^ted. The tables show conclusively why ii
was ditlieult to eomplete eontraets for river work.
OPERATION OF DRAWS O HIGH BRIDGES.
There are no low drawbri<lges on the Oliio liiver; the general Obu
Kiver bri<ige law reipiires that all bridges shall have a height of a
least 40 feet above high water, and, since large steamboats require mon
room than 40 f<M»t, it is also provid(»d that all bridges below the Oinein
iiati suspension bridge shall have a draw for use in high water unlesi
they give a clearance of at least 53 feet above high water. Tliere an
three high-water draws on the Ohio River, but the draw in the Ohio Fall
Uridge at Louisville is exreptionally hx'ated, and no records of its opera
tion is kt^pt. Tlie other t wo draws were operated for the benefit of naTi
iratitm, as follows:
I'lmlimaU ^^jlS*^^'
Southern. j^^^^
I-'il»ruar\ . I^IM . .
Mar.h. i>;»l
loMl
Ikitfi.
Ikiyw.
0
0
1
«j
s
STOrrAGE OF NAVUJATION BY ICE.
The ])ast winter was a very mild one, and assuming, as heretofore
tliat th«^ condition of affairs at i'ineinnati is a fair average for tliewhol<
rivt'K 1 hav«* to irport that tin* navigation of the Ohio Uiver was no
atlVi'ted by ict* during the past tiseal year.
'fiNDlX OG — REPORT OF LIKUT. COL. MERRILL. 2337
I,OSt?ES BY inu.LISID.N WITH IIKItK;r,r<.
Tbe foIlnwiiiK talilt's >,!n.w tlif. Ii>hm«s siistJiiiii-d hy IIil' ciimiiipiro of
tlio Ohio Uivt>r liiiriiiji tlic psist tiwiil year \>y colHsioii witU tlio imv» of
briitg<tH <:roHsiD^ the Otiin liiver.
Btarrr IMdge.
nalct Owpen.
nilHwt.
I.OM,
AmnmH.
r™A.„
Iftat
UoB C'giup*D;.
1
L—^ — -
1
Wheeling and MarHn Frmj Utitlgr.
f Cinniilfted In IHSii. {
C.JatlAACo TwIUghi...
IkUuiff lirid'ji:
l;„I..T^h<.r,i llri.lfi-:
EN(i 111 147
2338 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
■J
KvHura Bridge,
[UnfluiHliCHl.]
Date.
O^mers.
Straniltoat.
I
yarjwrt and C'nn-iHuaii Railroad Bridge,
[<\Mii|ili'teiliul872.1
ffi«»
Mrtr. ist«l AnusjninglJn>8 >':iil f'itv ' 1 AtcmnbiMt ffil
l»o ill) do I - Iwr;!!'* and 1 Hat , 2,T
Total '
S.7W
Dalo.
Ownora.
Sti'anilMtat.
LoM.
Aaout
Mar. IV. 1891 John F. Walton & Co. ..' John F. Walton ' 1 coal boat, 1 dat
1 l*reviou8ly n.'|M»rt«Hi ' I '
I i"
Total
42.107
41.107
Covington and Cincinnrtii Railroad Bridge,
[Conipletotl in 1880.]
Pate.
Owners.
StennilMiat.
1
1 liOaa.
AneoMt
Fib. IT.ljiHl
'J'hosi.Sherlock Trana.Co. Tluw. ShcrltK-k
Prfviinisl V reported '
— Steamboat
«
$».ooe
«.1M
Total
1
41, IM
1
Kcntuvkii and Indiana Bridge.
[Completed in 1886.]
Pate.
Owners.
Steamboat.
Mav fi. 1>^1 ■ O. P. Shinkle < iolden Knle Steamboat damaged.
1)0 Cook, llothnan dc Co Transit* ' Steamboat
Total
rreviously report od
Graml total
*T1k' Transit ilul not strike the briil>;o, but was lust while hrlpin^ the Golden RuU,
Cairo Bridtji\
[<'onipletei1 in I&t>9.]
•1.!
«,50t
e,ai7
r.T8T
Pate.
Owners.
Mar. !.'». 1^M1 .<iniilr> imrlifS
I'll vim i«*ly ri|iOi ti il
Total
SteanilMsit.
Lovs.
AmooBt.
.Io>. i». AVilliiiiiirt 2 iMNits uiul I iNirgu ..
• ■•I
9S.SBI
2,»j3
A, SIS
AIVEKDIX a a — REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. MBBBILL. 2339
Louet t>ii Millwton teith Ohio Hirer bridga to June SO, ISSI.
B<Miv«r Bn<lg« (OG.MD
eteabenvUlH Bridge ^ 90,308
AVlieolinK nua Martin I'erry Bridge 9,800
BdUirt> Bridge , 196,676
PwkWBlmrjit Bridjia 73,077
Point Pleutuit Bndge 9,800
Kaiiov* Bridge 8,700
New]port And Cluoiimatl Railrootl Briilvu 44, 107
Covinglaii aud Ciacianati lUilroiul Ittidj^ 43, 150
dnoliuiati Soatbcm K^lroikd Briitgtt 9,812
OhioPalla Briilge 80,350
Kentucky and ^diftna Brid|^ 27,767
JIcndertOD Bridge 18,480
Cairo Bridge t),242
Total <m,im
The only completed bridges over the Ohio River whicli have no rucord
of damages to river crall; are the following: Briinot Islmid Bridge,
Wheeling Sii8peiir«ion jiridgi-, Covington and Cincinnati Suspetisioit
Bridge. The first-named bri<lge was finished in November, 1890.
CHANGES IN THE CHARACTBB OP OHIO HIVER COMStBEOK.
In c«nn(«!tio!i with the commercial Btatistics, which are given farther
oil in tJiis report, I have ttiought that it would Iw interesting and viilu-
able to give the views of a well-known authority on statistics on tlic
present condition of Oliio Hiver eommerce. I have therelbre made tlnr
foUowiug extracts from the last annual report of Ool. S. D. Maxwell,
Baperint«mdent of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce :
'Vu tlie river interesta of the nity, with an abnoat iiniutBrrupled period ofnaviga-
)•■« walitr, with increased biiBiiiiHu, und a, genera] protiperouH condition, the past 2
ycata have fnrniHhed a, strikiii;; uontrast with the 2 preceding years, marked as
they wore hy interruptions from ice, low wiiti-r, and KmierHlly unfavorable busi-
ni-sd funtures. wliich were cnlcniiited to rniso the igiieKtion in (be miuds of persons
who n-nsoned within a nurrow circle, thut the river waa waning in its commercial
vainc and had seen its largoHt UHofiiincsa. It ia true the business of the rivor has
undi-rgune great changes. The number of bonts for the performance of the work
baa largely dimininbi-il ; the river no lunger fnrnisbes transportation for light mer-
■'handisc over long distances nor for that wliich requires quick transport, the rail-
roads, from the voty l'>;;]i' of thit situation, having absorbed much buaiiicHs whicli
represents 1 the k[liil piTri*ui«l liy the river many years ago; but they who sup-
pose that tiie navigable wutcrs of the interior have practically completed their work
tail to rci'ognin) thu fuct.tliat tiiure freight ia now furnished by lieavy articles of
merchandise, osiieciiilly atiited to tmnsiiortation by water, including fuel, which is
trauapnrtcil in bargi-s, than couatitutcd the entire bnainess of the river in those days
when it WM the sole metliiKt of transportation thronghout the West; they forgot
that the single iirti<.'lu of I'ual, than which nothing Hiistains a more intimate rolii-
tion to the industrial pr<>s|ierity of the inlrrior. hius funiislied annually, in thu pant
3 yi'ur!<. for Ciiiiiiiiiiiti ^ilimu, an avenigc unnnal liiiiiiiigi^ of :f,lr>ll,r>74, or more th:iii
twii'c thi' lolal :ivi'r:i^c annual truiUMgr. :iH iiciir as can be aai'i-rtainod, of all tliii
boats iirriviiig at Cinmiiiiati during the Hi yi-ai's preceding 18litl-'iil, whiuh represent
the pnlmii'Ht days ofsteaniboatiiig in I lie West, assiimiiigtliat every boat during that
perioil urrivcd at our wharvi^a loaded lo ilH full capacity as llldii.-uted by its oHlcial
nieasureiui'iit, with 36 per cciil. added lo make good the esuess of carrying capacity
over liull measurement; lln-y at^<J luigut thilt tlii' avi-ruge vessel in our lime repre-
A>^nt« the )>erfomiaucc «l' a iiitudi larger aniotiiit of work, inasmnch as it ia generally
•iTgrciti-r carrying' i*:i|>ui'i1v. and that the tiiue of malting trips between given points
h:iH IX'i'Ti iii^itrrt^illv rrilui'.'il; lli>-,v are also uiiNiiiiill'iil of the fact that while we are
proiii' ii) tlii'< c<iiiiili V 111 iiii<[< H.'.->1iiii:ite (be impiirtaiii-e of water trunapurtatiim ua
u Riiiiii" liiivi' :ii;mi>>, 'iIIu'i imIIoiis. wilh a laiger fiirenight, hm zealously develop-
iii<: ibi'lr r.vr>ii'ii) III' iiili>ni^i1 waliL ways. The busiucss in each of the |>nst 2 years
b;<H not aliiii'i \kvm char.ii Uihi d liv birgi' rci'ci]its of coal, but the gcncial buHinrss
2340 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
years, so that, at times, T^ith the iiiability to procnre new l>ont8 in time lor meeting
Tho clomaud, the boats iu use have been unequal to providinf^ for the aotoal wants
of the trade, the insufficiency of capacity baviu|i^ l>een e8]>ecially appuent in the
Memphis and New Orleans trades. While the increased bnainoss has Dean generally
exhibited, it has been particularly noticeable in the Pitt«bnrg and Gineinnati trade,
which lias been the best in years'^ It is probably true that this increase is largely
traceable to favorable conditions of the river, bnt, however this may be, it ftir-
jiishes a powerful argument for us to do all that can bo done toward improTing the
navigable character of the stream and its tributaries, and thus lengthen, as far as
possible, the navigable period.
ESTIMATE.
The following (estimate is submit t^ul ivs my judgment of the amount
i>f money that should be appropriatcMl to a river of the magnitude of
the Ohio and with so large and valuabh* a eommeire:
Low dams and «Ukcs 1000^ 000
l)a\is Island Dam .- 11^500
Kock bar at mouth of Licking Kivrr 30^000
Drcdj^iug 20^000
Ht-moval ol" rock rt'ols iu rliaiiiK'l 20^000
Cieueral administration, ins]MMtiou, engineering, and contingencies 35^000
Total 706,500
The item ol* $ 11.5(H) inserted for the Davis Island Dam is <*ompo8ed
of '^3,5()0 for (quarters (m Davis Island and $8,0()0 for extending the
guide crib below the land wall of the lock. Exx>erience after the work
was eompleted showed that more men were i^equired to manage the lock
and dam than were originally estimated for, and it became neoesaai^^ to
quarter the additional force on Davis Island. They were placed in the
temporary buildings oeeupied by the laboring force during the con-
stnu'tion of the work, but these buildiugs are no longer habitable. The
i^xtension of the guid(». <*rib below the lock is urgently requested by
coal shippers, because at certain stagi»s of the river there is an eddy
l>elow the lock, and an hour or two is sometimes lost before a fleet can
get out of. this eddy and ])ro(*ee<l down the" river.
Moneu siaivnwnt.
July 1, 1S90, halanre unexpended #136^649.06
Amount a]>i>roiiriat«'d l»y act approved September 19, 18i)U SOO^OOOlOO
486,646.06
June 30, 1891, amount expended durinjj lisral year '. 119^660.
,Inlv 1, 1S91, balance unexpended 317,067.10
July 1, 1801, outstandin-: liabilities ^.240.66
Jnlv 1, 1891, amount covrrrd bv um'ompleted contract« 169,679.29
178,860.15
July 1, 1891, balanrr available 188^286.86
^ Amount tbat can b(> profitably i'X)M>nd(>d in Ii8calyearen^ingjuiie30, 1893 706^000100
< Submitted in con)|)iianre witb rr([uirementt$ of sections 2 of liver and
( harbor acts of ISfHi and 18G7.
•
or or MAJUETTA isUND.
Sto.
»^..„.,„„.., ,„„„,.
I.
1
f
I
A
ft
It
|i
I
JuhuC. (IisliUD, Gillipulli.Ohln
W.00
0.00
CmU.
4
-1
.IQ
1.00
.DO
.20
'.m
1.M
rt.50
3.M
lt.«0
WS73
i
•.WB
»,»17
^ut«<l under ilftte of fcbnisry 14,
DAM AT HKAD OF n
Mo.
Smu uut >dJnf.. of bidder.
I,
h
r
jt
Jl
1
i!
.i
r.,..
E
1i:S
SO. 00
a*. 00
.■- rat
tao.oo
U-25
SO, IK)
27.00
!l-t)ll
;lii. 1*1
Jt
On*.
1
CtnU
I
7
?
J
15
•tl.«S
!»
.OS
i.in
.00
.m
;s5
•1.00
1.75
J.50
2. no
i!,00
:i!an
M
J. W. (iudDflr. OuUipallH.Ohlo.
JohiilM;iuh«i.,li.llfl«Hs,OWo.
JobD J. BblpmaD, WublDElao.
Wm. AVirrCusli; Pwk.™bnrg;'
I. V.'Hmir.'ir' T'lii-I"ir2 (■» ""
LM^^« fr:...-. - [■,rl, .-:,.„_
JwUihT'lI.Mi •■'. . ■
GtnrltT. h..,. >■■■ J.-., r.
WItiNim W..I1T 1 \ ■.
ai, era. wi
22.ses.ni>
3\.ssa.w
33, Ml, 00
iiilt-rdatc of February
l.ie ZT, S5u.au
Cuntr.ietaward<o John J.r^lii
iiteii undorrlatoof Febru.iry9, 1891.
2342 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
DiKK AT i.owr.i: r.Ai:. i:isinu srx, im>.
Ni>.
Name aiitl atMrpAS of bi«U1or.
[Bipnp
each.
pw per
cord, cubic
ywrd. I
T«taL
3 ' John «T. Sliipiuaii. WashiDCton. 1>. T
Irt William Kirk. Mniiismi. Iiul
12 Froderiok Han wcj;. 1 >.: \ i«iii. K y
14 Ilonry C. Jnnos. Ma<li>i'>u. linl !
13 Jarnol* R. "\Var»\ Cim-iiinati. Oh'u*
5 liichanUoi) a: ^loiiriN-. r<irt>iiiouih. uliio
C I. V. Hua-. jr.. Pittsbnvu. Ta *J.5U
»2.00 PLBb 90.88 $1S.5W.M
2.00
2.25
2.10
2.75
2. Kr>
ft) 00 15.610.Ot
].1S 88 17.0S7.5I
l.IO M, 17.37XN
1.35 f» IK.797.U
1.50 i W l«Ld^5«
2.00 1.50 • ST.inSLM
Con trju't awarded to John .7. Sliipimin. and executed under da to of Febmary9,
CRIB Sl'PKRSTUl ririlK ON DIKE AT MA1)I$4>N, ISD.
yj Name «...l j..l.Ir,.»s of ' „S?^,, i h^JK. j mK."
sp:k'».'..n!rjs,r:j^^i»«.
atono, per
per
aqiure.
CenU. CenU.
10 William Kirlc, Ma<lison.
Ind $25.00, $25.00.
6 T. V.Hoat;, jr., rittsburj:, '
Pa....: 2o.00 23.00
5
3
$1,00 1 $2.00
3 !
1.40
Total.
flOiS^LOO
i
2.00 • 12.M9.W
Contrjut awanled to William Kirk, and executed under date of Febmftiy 14,1891.
DIKE AT FI-INT ISIJIND.
Xt>.
Xame ami adtlrt-.** of bidder.
10 William Kirk. Madi-^on. Iiid ! $1.75! $0.80
n Jobii J. Sliiinnan. Wai*liiii:;ton, I>. C ! 1.75 j .80
12 Frtdriirk liartwr::, DaMtin. Kv : 2.25' .05
14 Hniry C. ,Toinj». ^fadisi'm. Iijd *. ' 2. 00 '
17 Kiiifiimanii A Hollorba«-k. K'iH'k]Mii-t. Ind 2. 10 i
i:; .T;Mn»-H K. Wari', CiiKiiniaii. *>]iiii 2.25!
r» uii haril>oii A Mt»!in>t». ViirT>.inouih. Ohio 2.90
15 1. V. U.iaj;. jr.. IMlt-sbur-. Ta 2.50
M
.00
.00
1.50
2.00
Trtd.
»,BSftM
Si.8BA.44
28k SOL 70
2i.l7lL»
31.8M.BI
41.38LM
Contract awarded to William Kirk an<l executed under date of Febmary 14, 189L
.thstrart nt' proptfitiJs /'or towboat for ffcrvivc trith uhiu River dredg€$f opened Jlrofwtor SL
No.
Name ami aildrosa of bidder.
Steamboat.
1 J. P. Capohart. Syraniso. <>liirt ■ J. M. Clark
2 Val. P. r.illiii.:. <in, iiinati. (Hiio Georce W.StODB
:; ^'a^i.ln I'ran-iM'iraiitui ('oni]unv. Lt-lait. W. Va Bidi.ItMliiird ....
4 Tiat'«v.al r..niiunv. PiTtsbni;;. I'a Littlt* UIll
5 S. 1». l»avi>. Marirtta, Ohiti I J.lI.Mc(?oniMU
0 A. M'»ntp'nury i Co., CimMiinaii. (>lih> ' A]. Martin -
Pric*
peri^f.
43.44
44.00
45.00
4C00
48131
Contract awarded to Val. P. Ctdlins and executed uuder date of Septembor UL
!^PlUfl)IX 0 0 — flKPORT Of LIEUT. COI. MEBRILI.. 2343
x«. niadfr.
BnthfUI.
TdUI.
"■"
*a,ai.w
»™..,-,~.,.,«a,...
PHG«i>i>r
Total,
5.mM
tJ.OJkM
CcuilTMt Bwardeil to S. W. l-'uQiD & f^>n. hikI excrnti^il nndiT dale of April II,
San»'i>ii<ltiildre»it»f III
!.S!r,S3j ™-i.
I.' llr..llMT'
b J.J. ttuniiuv. Ko-Liria
fl AnniH. L<>wl' \ MiKlfK-sli. l-iHnii.-.'lMi
' Ji>hDj.Slill>mun.['tii.'iiii>»li.{llii<. ... .
S ' WI11luiZ.I<an<-l1n,Wiu<1iliijil.>ii, I). I'.
a B. D. Barton. t'in.'iiini.li. illii..
I» JobnM.Il<>Ua.aii>;iiini>ll,<)liU.
witrdeil to John Ji)linsi)n. :
ili-ol June 10, 1891.
Abulrael of propoialK fur il'-U
I nl '•hnirufelnicH, III.
, EHrili fill- i
i ltiiiliv;Lj- L'omimuy, niiil expciiteil niiilcr
2J 1:4 KiiroKT OF Till-: chief op engineers, u. s. akmy.
Abitinu'i oj' j^t'opuinils for vonstrHctiHy Ut' piers in tht Ohio BireTf opemed 3tttg JS,IS9I,
ILK TIER AT POKTSMOUTII. OHIO.
No.
Xaiiu* ami uiMn ««s «•!' ltiil«l«T.
Oak
tiiiilMT
T
Kipnp DxUt Moorini:
stniie per ! bolts per rings per
i-nliic yard, pound. | poaim.
ToM.
1 Jas. R. Waro. Ciiiriiinat ;. J Hiio t\*X •'»••
L* John J. Shipiiiaii. Kivt-rsiili-. (Hiin r.». «»i»
3 JI»-iiry < '. .Tou»'8, Mudismi. Iml 21. ♦»<»
4 . )lirhanlsiiii \- M«iitnM'. rort^tiioiitli. Oiii*i. '_'.'>. ii!)
*»o 7 j
1.1 :» 5
L15 : 7
9 |8.74i.«
6 S«7M.4&
5 i.90&8S
7 4.9ML12
C'outrart awunhMl to Jas. R. Wan', aiul cxtM-utt'il un<lor date of May 23, 1891.
UK PIKU AT lUri.EY. OHIO.
N...
N.ruf ami a«liln\«»A of liidltr.
^^»^ -/i!.V",!\r l»rtft Mooring
li-ultr. "'''"J/^'' bolt*. iier. Tings. ner TotsL
1 Jas. K. Waiv. riiu'iiii.iti. Ohio :?:0..V»
•J .loliii .I.Sni;>:nan. Ki\rr«4i<li*. Oliin '1\.W
.'i .Tnhu Ti'vliiv. jr.. Hii:;:iiis;Mirt. (»lii" 24.ih»
■4 lIivlianUi.il A Monnw. rttrlsiiifiulh. tMiin *J4. JH)
;{ llnuv « ".•loin's. Ma«li«»'»n. liul 2.'», OJ
<«0.T4
1.10
1.15
CnilSf.^ I OnilSf.
7 ■
4 I
5!
?.
I
9
$4. sac
8
4.WUC
8
4.71XM
6
a.S7lia
5
S^IMLIO
C'oiitrart awanU'd t<» .Tas. H. Ware, uinl ext'«'uttMl iiutler date of May 23, 1891.
ICK MEK AT KEl:i{ KIX.
.«•>,
Nanir ami inMn-ss ol' l»i»Mor.
'»i»^ «i»iSn!!r !>"♦» Mooring
ii.»»Hr '^^"S^iP**" bolts per lin^spiT
IKT M. YHjni pound. pound. ,
ToUL
1 .l.inn". K. Wan*, rimiiinati. Ohio $19. .'H)
(5 .Tiiiiii IV-iiph*. ClalliiM>li>. Ohio 'Jl. 00
4 Kit lianlson Jl Mounx-. rortHmoiith. (Hiin '_*4.CK>
7 I'l. .1 . Malum-. lN»im rov. Ohio 30. m)
1.10
1.10
Orate.
7
5
Cmf*.
•
8
6
3ft
I
$4..'«L78
&.3Se.7t
5.ST8lIQ
5.48«.W
t'«»ntiiirt aNvjudfil to .laiiu's U. Waiv. and rxfriited under date of May 33, 1891.
•hnn '.;. Av"7.
>...
N i'>n .nil] .ni«lji ^^ III liithliT.
ShNiiiilHiat.
1 J. 1'. f'.ipi ! ;mI. >\r.ti ii^i-. Ohio .1. W. Chirk
■J HMliii- r.r..H . ['iil-'iiii-. r.i Irttlii'oiuii'll
: S. 1». H;ivi- Maijt iia. nlii.. I. II. Mrrinnmll
4 Sti aim I Pi !»a ainl nwm i>. l*iti-'»Mi^. l*a m-lla
.". I ill. « ...I •■onij..ii,v. riit^liiir-. j'.i I.itth* Hill
•5 A. \!..iiiL...:n. r\ A ( .... rim iiiii.jii. ohii. AL. Martin
I
!
i
- r
I
Prim
per day.
..I
tn.to
41.59
4X0i
44.39
.J 4&.00
..| M74
■
1
Coiitiart awaidiMl to S. 1>. l>avis. and ixrrnti-d under date of June 19« 1891.
^^^^^m*EKUIX
a 0 — KKi'oar of lieut. col. uesbill. 2345
AMrml of ctfKfrauU fo
p twproPtH.r/ f«w liitff, in furtx during Um fiieal gear rndi-ig
Jnnr SO. miJ. ■
Ditta, Ta eqlra.
FplK H.IBBl 0«!.31,1BM
KS:i»
ii'tK :;::-::::::.
«Vffli|— :::;:::: ::
• S>Ui»l«d to D(>n«il»r:i1
lBxU«>ted Iv DiHuiDbcr 31
™»»«,.u,. .,„,„„,.
n prppnn'nu the fiillowtiig statiNtirn it lias Iipi-u tliouftlit bc«t to follnw ttin cnlcn-
instead of the Hsoal yeiir, im it id iiuiiractioublu to);iitlierHtutiatiuiiin thelimitnd
iiHl ;iv;iilalil« iirtiT the vluM- ot Utr. Ilm-itl yi-nr. iiiiil ttw cnli-nilitr .vonr is in gen-
I iiH» iiiiiiiiif; NtHllKlii-iaiiH, In ■■:irr,vi]iK out tliiH HyNtmn it iiiw been neROuuiry,
in'iil of m'vcnil ytnra in I'linipareil, to rucomjiilfi
r;ihli'>
1 this
ins 2. OSS, 7 w
2346 KMPOKT OF THK ClUEr OF EXr.INKERS, U, S. ARMIT.
I'ftiHhir -.7. /.v'*'.
Yi-ar
TiiCinrinnati. To LoaitTiDe. ' Tutal.
1>S4 .
Tons. !
!^rt. 124 !
KTXt. im
TsS,(i90 ,
1. 149. Ain
Tons.
l.W.
1.114,006 I
2,230.530 i
1,387.012 ;
2.223. 4M
1.430.747
2,00a, 710 !
r«iw.
2.10C41C
S,M7.112
2,i5&7n:
4.174.rt
8,430,tt7
* niiiinnit fni^i*infi the Ihir'n* Istand Ikim in IStHK
Vosst'ls.
A-i'-i'iiilin:;.
Desoendiiis.
ToUl
■n--'-'' .T.-i,... '^-^i-'" Fr..,8l„ ■';!';^:'-'" Freight, ^^-;sh Krrighf *-«*«•
l*:U'ki*t«
rrfi;:hl 1m\iIs .
Tow Im Kit it
Mmli'l har-ro'*..
('«iiil lM»:its
ri>al liar:;-'H . . .
«'n:il liars
Katts
Mi.s<'i-lIaiUMiii.s .
Total
.V
1!»
^•J
i:.i»
114
1
■/"•III*.
:il»» '2. MO
\o. Tim*.
(U:; Alt. ( w
1 . jJ-.s
."•-'2
4. :t4*'i
1. VHV.I
'J
U2
2.»iK»
0. .rJ4 U9. 58»i
.Vo. Tont. ' Xo, Ton*. Toiu.
2.:a'i 6:« 0:1. (1.14 1M,1«)0
«•--■>■ A« 9^9 •««*•«■*•* ■••••*■«■*
n = 86.450 I 67,400
1.330 1.212.900 ; l.Slf^U4
5.096 1,7U.0TS ! S. 777,864
2,280 ■ 313.368 : 371.610
01 I 3.755 . S.2T0
114 I 8,296 6.7J
iw
1 U\)
7 0.:bM
::i 10. 492
IW I 28.'J72 !
8 . -'.VI ■
\:\ :m I
•MH ' 55. (47 11,469 4,40,505
4. 550. 448
It will 1m* n<)ti<'e«l tliat the record at the Oavi.s Island Dam ^iveo a larger tonnage
of coal ihaii a]i|><'ir>H in the statement prepared hy Captain EvonR. It is iKMi»iUle
tliat some sliiiiin<-i)t<i i-^rapcd the not ioe of the latter, as it is almotft impossible to se-
cure ]>cili*it arruiacy.
1 am iiidelitfd to the coiirteiiiy of Col. Sidney D. Maxwell, ?nperintenilent of the
Cincinnati ('hainl)cr of (*oninicrcc. for the following; complete tables of the receipts
and sliipnients hy riv«'r at Ciin-innati. in which, however, all the qumtitiea have
Iw'cn tian'*t'«>vnuMl into t<»n>i l»y using average weights.
liinr onnmrnt' of Cindnnaii for the year ending August 31, 1890,
Anirli'."*.
llirript*.
Al»'i'li<»l
Alt' ami liiiT
AiU'l'"
IIa;.^i.l-
r.arl. V
IVn"
I'.i.iP ..:■• ■■•i'li".'
r>ri>iiiii I itru ■ . .
r.intiv
< 'aiiilli ^
< 'h"«i ill,-'
C.MSli
i "i ••,! :M . .
« h .i--
I ;.l,i . .. .
• .itl. »
I 1 ililit ' ,1 !.•■
< ■■111 .
( <>M1 111* 1.
♦ '•Iltill. M.<I« -
« LlK.k'1 A
•I ■ »
I'l'H*.
4. «"'i.«
• 1
Sliip-
nu'iit^.
Tont.
73
i.n"-a
li)
4'?
I,i2
11
;>io
:<;
r»
r» ,
:>4-i '
i.T'.r. .
Ml
•J -J 1 7
iv:
>ii
; »j
I. s- '
1 li.l
TotAl.
Artirli's.
Tont.
73
1, ir.li
4. WA
19
4S
nm
11
3ti:>
.>
r»
1. 7i>:>
3, :^\?,
11::
'.iVui
IJiJ
1. 4lhl
•J. >:«:i
1.048
17.2iU
525
I
Eirirs
l-'rallnTs ,
1 i-h
Fltiiir
Fniit :
iMi.il
tint II ,
Fiiniitiiiv ,
Cil.l.HA. wiiiilow.
(iLtSKWurv
(Itvam* ,
Ha 111 wan*
H..\
1{i«l>-S
II I »li >
II«ii; ]i|-iNlllrt>«
Hups
lliir-i< s
Iron aiul sto'l . .
lr«iii :
pMr
S«Ta|i
Li -a* I :
Pic
While
Kei-eipta. ,
Tona.
817
8«:
4.70J
4.427
'fl,4<»
Vi, ls«7
2.:mu
I
Ship-
menu.
Total.
Jbnt.
Hmm.
16
861
8
3
611
641
4,125
4.968
21
22
25
25
M4
Hi
188
186
3»173
7.988
196
196
2,319
2,118
488
4,915
128
128
55
6,455
2,611
2.M1
16
16
6SS
65(3
10,170
2a. 367
•
6,7:e
9,69i
4
4
13
U
874
374
iPPENnix oo — Report op r>ibnT. ool. HUBRrLL, 2347
i-r riHuinrc* ../ f.'inviamli far the •imr r-HiHa-i .iHflwitl .U, /**>— Coiiltiiiu^L
lAltUcT
otm
ou
S!:;
it.
ToUU
W
1*.*»
HS4 TiJJno
,D3I1 VncMablxn
\Vll.~.UI<)|i>I>M>l
^^
s..
^
nmt
1 ItM
JJll
ArrivaUand departurrt of ttoamboali at Ihtptirl 0/ Cinfiniutii,
ies*-'RS.
ie85.')H.
im--m.
18»7
•w.
i«»i-'8e.
lB»-'».
Ylin'
ItelN^r-
tolt.
vr'
^Ut
(am.
TlC'
Depar-
Arri-
■nit.
V™
Arri-
1>-I>«r.
a, 00s
55
l.BM
!,saa
M
a, an
1.11*1
m
1.173
nit
1,380
61
a. KM
2,2U
2,wa
a,wi
TO-l-
I.l»7
2.m|«,l«.|34«[l!,ir..|S,2.||l,««|l,5TS|I.5M
asa a.as7
1.1S2
.S/fnitiftonls faBfft'nj «.
-■■''"'"'^ "-""""■"'
Hour i«i hinv! fty rtii/ and rircr from Hi
eiunali for 6 yean ending
,io.
ISW, 1 1880,
I8W.
rjr:ill. Bytiv.T. By rail.
By river.
By rail. ByrivCT.
rr,.,.. c»„.. 1 €..,U.
CfnU.
Coi(.. C™f..
uul^ ..IS] W
I. r
1 is^. ! IS
89.
1800.
S!Lv- ■-"■■-
- "~
.k"'->'-%
Byriv«.
2348 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. S. )IBMY.
Com [nt rut hi Mtattuunt of commntc pu*isini/ Ihi FaUa of thv Ohio itircr bjf caital amdhif
rivvr.
Ytur.
I
Canal.
OiH-n
V*•f«^»^•l!*.
river.
TbtaL
s«*fl!*. Tnll^*.
TonH.
Vt'ftM'Is. ■ Tbns.
3, fw.^ or», cjg
2,305
668,868
6,293 i l.eM,4M
r..i»:!i 1.349.115
1.4»4
483,281
a715 . 1,83*896
'A. 4Hr> 7iC\ ijrj
1.M8
484.134
5.033 1.209,316
5.fi7H 1.44:MS1
822
262.862
6..''i00 , 1.706.013
4.9BI 1. 210. 112
1.796
577. M7
6.760 1 1.817.650
4, (HO i«rr. s»i7
2,297 1,2U4,518
6,366 1 2.073.325
i\.»K\ i.9i5.:tf{r>
2,252 1,162,305
9.215 3.077,6n)
.kXU . 1.4W,r>7:i
1,984 957.829
7.518 2,362.403
4, :tb6 iW8, INTJ
a. 828 1,717,158
8,214 2,715,239
1
In jiiMitioii to the hiU'ifoiii^^statcniontsof the commerce at Bi»c('inl localities, efforts
liavo Ihm'11 iiiMilc. )>> ilirtTt roinmuiiication with traiiKportationcoupanieH, to obtain a
stut(>ui«>iit nt' tlir ^(Mit'ial rniiinuTro of thu rlvcr. The results arc cmhoclied in the
following tal»lt»
Cvmnnrct of Ohio liivcr in ISOO,
ShipiKTs.
B4-twoi>ii what iioints ou tlio
Ohio Kivcr.
Difitam-e
un i>hio
Riv«fr.
Fn'ight.
Knniberof
<'ii;»l Mii]iiiMiit fniiii PiitNliur:: * I'ittslmr}; ami Cairo
'I'fiinrssri' Kivrr N;i\ i::.iTii>ii To tin ■
.iiiliii Uurn-tt A S>Mi I . «li>
HllIltilliltnlialMl .^1. l.iHMS'i'oW iNKit Cut <1ll
A. Moitlpiinf|-\ A « "(li (Ill
Steam Im Kit M:iti K. Alliii Tiltslxir^ ami Varkfrnhurg.;
StoaiiilM>at \U'\\ Ilur «l«t '
St<*amlM);it II. K. liiitfunl do
StramlMiat Li>ni-i«' riTtslmr;;uml Point PlraKaiit !
l*iltHlmr;;hanit ('iiiriiiniiti Tjirki i Liiir. 1'itt?4l)iir;x and ('iiiciiuiati ...
St(>amlNiat linl) l'><illanl
<'inrinuati and I'oiiicnix I'ackt t Co;...
INiuiiToy, riiu'iiiiniTi and Linii-tvilli:
IJar;:*' I.iiu'.
<V>lc ami Cidliiis ronii-rov and (-airu
KUa Lavman Towlvnat ( '<>
Jfi7f«. Tout.
96.% .?,490,.Y57 i.
Marietta ami MiddloiNirt
ronirniy ami Ciiit-iniiati
Poiiirni'v .im1 I.,oniflvillo
CamplH'U Cm'k Coal i\*
Anii-Htronu Hro.-*
Kanawha Kiv»'r iiaik«ts . . .
Thf Marmt't Co . . .
Collier, r.mld AT,.
St4>anilM>at W. 'V. Kim is
Stoanihoat Mink Ni>. J
Henry Sj»iHii' A- Siij
Hm-n*a "N ista l''rif.ii'iii- I'n
Cincinnati Sand .ind liiaM-iCn
•lidm Tra])]).
Point Ploasant and Cim-iu- !
nati.
...do
...do I
• ..do :
Point Pk'ait.int .ind Loni.s- '
ville. ■
Point Pleasant and Padm-ah .'
(ialliiMdirt and INirtsniouth..
.\shland ami Ciminnati
Poi'temouth and rineinnati.
Miicna Vii»ta ami Cim-iuuati.
Itildi'v and Cinciuuati
do'
Tamnia Pa« kif « ■<• Chilo and Cim-innati,
lUairsvillc :u)d Cincinuati ..
Cim-innati and vit-initv
Cini-innali and IVterstiiir*;. .
Cinciunati and l.oui^«viIlt•. . .
. . do
(.''ini-innati and Tain*
.T.M.r>l.iir l'.ri.k<o
K. H. rieiniiii;
Stcanitiiiat I.»'\ i •!. Wurkmn
T.S. Mail l.iui »'<i
SteamlMtat N«u >(»iitli
Mfniphls and Cinrinn.iTi V.u Ui-i <'ii....
S4intlii'ni rr.in-.j«irta!ii«n I.iiH- do
Loiii^x illi'auit IvNiJUHvilli M.iil l.lnrCi*..; Lnnisvillc and KvanMvilh-. .
W.i'. Hanlwiik ' I.miisvilio and t'aim
Sivanih'Wl Frank Stei II Canni'lton ami Kvaii-'villi'..
Naf.li\ illr anil K\ ,in>.\ illi- I'.n kit Co. . |-:\.in:«vin«> and Padurali...
l!van.svill«r and I*adii« ali P.nkrt Cn dfi
K\anH\ ilk'and Tenni>-i'i' lJi\ii' Pa«k- ....d«»
ft < o.
Steanilitiat J. (.'. Ki-rr ■ (kdrondaand Paducah
Si«anil»oat tins K..w1«t Padntah an<i Tain*
St. Liiiii.sand 'i'l nni!4.>«i'i- lli\«i Parki't do
r,i.
Sttani1»>.(i Niw Siiuth dn
Total '
905
965
965
965
183
183
183
263
467
79
219
351
718
20:i
203
203
2113
336
6:i7
86
147
113
96
53
63
36
17
87.3t»7 ;
416,193
157.8(13
13.037 I
10.300
9.418
5.500
26.000
132.641
3.080
10:«.168
381.500
3.6ili>
9.001)
3.500
9.500
54;7
3.'k'i,785
327.300
156.060 ...
97,500 I...
16.407
113.491
8.6I><
.1
25
i:»2
132
490
409
IfCi
:m7
«ff
i:i7
i:»7
137
30
45
45
45
100.000 I
36w000 I
20.000 I
10.000 .
34.000 ;
15.7MI
8.037
16.764 I
50.000
16. 749
7,388
153,545
9.000
38. 06
95,:i:u
86.617
99.411
5.000
10. WW
14.789
:iO,9KO
40.000
20,000
35,000
18,515
35,000
100. MS
8.000
14. SB
S.3B3
40,470
• ■ ■•■««•
13.006
30.1flS
4,000
2,
is! 000
1.533
7,000
6,803.537
418,609
* rii;il is ^ti«j.]M ■! at iiif« ruiiiliaii ]ii>int>.
1 1 It lit ral \*>\\ Mi::.
! Ilf::ular IhmI it» l'i»rt>.ini»iiili and on«- tn Maviivillc.
§Uue boat to ]..« avenwurlh. 1ml.
UccoDiunal boat tu Fittsboig.
APPBNDIX G G-— HEPOBT OF LIEUT. COL. MBEEILL.
It Kliniild be nililod tLiit there is quite a large nnioiint of shell tnuli- fi ., ._
which ntjitistirB con hi not tie procured; it isbplievofi, however, tliat with additional
rxperlMii-'d greulot Biiccobit uiuy lie uliliiin<>d iu tlie t'uturu.
OPERATING SNAG HOAT.S ON OHIO RIVKR.
Tlie river aaul harbor act »f September llf, 18!M), coiitivineil the follow-
ing item :
Sv !!i Tliiit fiFT Ihp purpQSo of M-onriiig the nuiuti-rmptpd work of opeTsting
'ii:'- • "II till' < >lii(i Rivrr nnd rtMiioving sduot, wretk«, und nthrr olMti'iii'ttnnfi iu
-.i. I . -. iiiiiry of W^rjiipou the Bp^imtinn of the Cblor of En)EiuiM<rB,
I- ' <l ii} draw his warrnut or riMiuiaitinti from lime to time upon the
>!■■ !. 1 u ■, ..i i.i. I iiiirtury for such suiiib oa nwy Im neepsnory to do siich work, not
Hi cxiucri III iIm- iicKCi'satt' for eupL yenr the mini of twenty-Rve tiionennd dollars:
I'lvtiiM, iHHPt'iw. 'tbnt an it'emiKod 8tnt«>nieiit of ouiil uxjiouxts HhaU nuivimpany thn
Anunitl Report of the Chief of Engineera.
In mibmittiug the nnnual report of the Oliio Biver guag boat E. A.
Woodruff, it ha8be€ii deemed best to continiiethe practice of reporting
the opcnitions of the boat by calendar years, as bythismeaiietheieport
of eacli season's worli is presented by Itself, while if the report is made
for the liwal year it must necessarily include juii-ts of two Kensons'
work, which is less satisfa<-tory. It is evidently iii'iissai y. liowevcr, in
view of the limit t<i animal expentlitnres, to r(]"iit tin- latter by fisnil
yenrw. The present report of operations is fm !ln- liilcinlitr yciir ISW),
inid the n'lii.rt ..f expeiifli(Tue« er.vcrs the ]iei-ii»l fi,>iii Srplemlii-r l!l,
LSIKI, the date of the rivor and harbor act, to the end of the fiscal year.
After iniderfioiiiK iier annual repairs atf'ineinnati, the United States
snafi iKint ?.'. -I. Wiioilrrid'hofiini her season's work on the Ohio Itiver on
the i;itli in' Se]>teniber; sIh^ aseendeil the river as I'ar as Pittsbnr;?. and
then woiked her way th.« iislreaiii li. rymt. arrivinir at that place on
<)etobev-7. IJetiirninjr. slu' workinl Up as far as Lonfr Ilnn, 2011 miles
below rittshitrp:. As the liver was lisinjj and too high for snccessfnl
siiaj:;riii}:r and wreekin-. the boat was iT;faiii headed downstream, and
arrived at rineii.nati N..x einlu-r I'd.
The WooilnifT was then urdeied into winter (piarlerw at the mouth of
Ihi- Kentu.-kv liiver, where she went out of eoinmissioii on the 24th of
y..vetMber.
During the short workiuj; season, which was a verv unfavorable one
■ in aeeoiiiit of hisjh water, the Wonilnif removed ^14 sna;.'s, ;j stcam-
Imat wrecks, 11 eoal boats and bar^'cs. 2 Hats, and 1 wharf-boat hidl.
The total distance traveleil dnrinj; the season was 2,ii41 miles.
Among the most dan;.''eroiis oljstruetions renmved iiiay be mentioned
the hull of tiie steamei ll'i/i. ISomicr. from alxn-e liurliugton Bar, one
wheel of same boat froLn I'lirlin^ton liar. and a coal barge from I)e Witt
Bar. The larjrest .siia;r> reiao\eil were one at Hartford City, weighing
I.'tS tons, one at Cabell Landing-, Hcighiny 4;W tons, and one at Three-
Mile Inland, weighing Itii luus.
2350 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
Dittiihd ittaivnunl of expeitditurvti for removal of mags and irrecfti.
KXl'KNSKS OF U. S. SNAG BOAT E. A. WOODia'JFF.
Mouth.
Pay of Siibsibt
crew.
I
Mist'olla- , Tools .-, .„„^i Contin-
ence"' ' ^'"^^- ■ "^"*^ I ""^^*'«- n*i«ilS ?«»««-
$17. 49
51.17
12.14
St'ptMnhir $7lH*.r.i) $2-J7.44 ^110. Oi>
OrloWr J. »>0L*. ^L' fMHi. tt7 . ;!.V.>. :5:i ,
Xom:ii1kt 1.711.U7 4iiti.21 3ti2.3:{|
Jauiiarv 4W. in» i IM.42 :
Fobruarv AW.W \ 1C.8-J i "
Mari'h.! '»:!!. 'J.') 51.UI | 36.iK> '
April 4ih».i^i ' I I
May 7Sl.:;j | : :»,:wj
J uiiv 1. 007. lO 12. 00 40. 7« '
T"
$7.60 . #61.08 !.
23.88 J7.l»7 .
40. t»
I
90.60
2.50
Total l>. 090. 1)1
I
a. 90
450.33
2.50
15.00
15. SO
15.00
1,257.09 I 885.8fi I 132.86 | 30.88 I 504.75 j 5L10
Outside exjfndituret.
>[av. 1801
I ilras luK)k 25i.50
Koimiriug nnohor 10.10
'• IIin> of atcamboat to remove wrecks 180.00
Ti>tal exi>cuilitnree for Fcnioval of snap* uiul wrvcks.
T6tal.
$1,226. Si
S.W1.SI
2.5CS9.2S
433.42
43L42
416L«3
834.6$
4Ui.OO
809.11
S,U2.04
12.04&85
S1&.00
12,361.45'
GG3.
OIM'.KATIXCi AND CARE OF DAVIS ISLAND DAM, OHIO RIVER.
TIlis dam lias remained under the locsil charge of Mr. William Martin^
(.-. K., and as usual his services have been exta^niely valoable.
At the rlose of the hist tis<'al year the dam was down and theTepairs
of tlie h>\ver look gate had not been quite completed. These were fln-
islied bv the 13th of Julv, and on the 14th the dam was raised. The
maneuvers during the year were as Ibllows:
l\ni.»«od d:nn Julv 14.
howorrd dam Aujr"st 27.
Raised dam Se]>lemb«T S.
LowiTod dam St-ptembor 7.
And thereafter the dam lontinued down until after the subsidence of
the spring thuuls.
J^»i>«.'d dam May J<.
Lowi'Vod dam .linn' 7.
I\:ti>ird dam .Imu* l(i.
I.nwrii'ii «ljnii .liiiio 1!). ^
K'a'iM'd <l::in .liiin" :I0.
.\iid at till* end (d" I hi* lisral year the dam was up.
Tin* year just ])asst'il resembled the previous one in being remarkably
wrt. jind the s^rvircs i)f the dam Avere seldom needed.
On ihc l(»ili id' July the bear-trap gates wei-e stniously damaged by a
^inuiilar aciidrnt. A <iuantitvof ha v, thrown into the river from a bum-
mm
iiiir stabh' in L*ittslmrir. th>atiMl down to the dam and was drawn into
thr lilliiiii- iiilvnts of thf licar trap, cutting olV (he supply of water and
causing 1 he .i:alfs to fall, tiu-rchy lowering tin* pooh As si>ou as possi-
1)N» the valves wck' rhaird. and ctVorts were made lo raise the gates.
Owing, as was .subscniu*ntly ascertained, to the lightness of the taiek
plates on which ran the rollers of the lower le^if, these plates sank into the
APPENDIX GO — REPORT OP LIEUT. COL MERRILL. 2351
wood, and brought the sharp edge of the lower leaf in contact with the
under surface of the upijcrleaf, creating so much friction that the gates
refused to rise. After spending several hours in fruitless efforts, the force
of workmen left the bear trap and went over to the lock ; while they were
a])sent the gates rose with such force as to break the safety chains and
the upi)cr beam of the lower gate, forcing this gate past the upper gate,
and locking tto two together. As the gates remained standing, the
li»vel bf the pool was not aftected, and the maneuvers of the dam went
on as usual. Owing to continued high water it was impossible to iinisli
the repair of the gates until May G; at the close of the fiscal year they
were in better order than ever, and with the experience acquired it is
believed that no other accident is probable.
The necessity of passing off a large quantity of water through the weirs,
on account of a number of small rises that were not liigh enough to cause
the lowering of the whole dam, caused such a dangerous scour of the
gravel bottom, although well covered with stone, that additional meas-
ures of protection were required. It was found that stone alone would
not answer the purpose, and it became necessary to use piling and
sunken barges as additional protection. The bottom is now believed to
be safe.
As much trouble had been caused by- ice and drift making their way
into the inner end of the gate recesses, the lock forcie was employeil Avhile
the dam was down in making a cut through the inner end of the lower
gate recess, with its bottom 2 feet below pool level, so as to run oft* sucli
material. The operation of this sluice has been very satisfactory, and
it is proposed to make a similar one at the upper gate recess.
. The high water of February was only 10 inches below the great flood
of 1884. It caused some washing near the abutment of the dam behind
Davis Island which has been repaired.
The remains of old Pier !No. 1, have been leveled down by the use of
dynamite, so that the present clear width of opening between the bear
trap and the lock is 719 feet.
The new device for handling wickets from below the dam has not proved
as useful as was expected on account of the gieat agitation of the water.
It is beUeved that with the bear trap to draw oft" drift and ice, and with
the increased power on the service boat, it will be possible to handle the
dam from above under all probable conditions.
Foi* further details reference is made to the annexed report of Mr. Wil*
liam Martin, the resident engineer.
Estimate for fiscal year ending June SO, 1892.
Salaries $8,1(30
Wator-gauge reports 300
Telephone L'40
Natural gas for fuel 350
Oil \ 50
Hope, oars, and oakiiin 150
Extra pay of diver 60
Post-oflice box 8
New service pump 520
Contingencies 500
Tot^l.,,,., 10,338
2352 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Dt tailed staivment of expenscH incurred at Ihe Darin Island Dam, Ohio l?irfr, tfuriaf ihM
Jiitcal year ending June .iOj ISO J.
Oporating expenses.
Maintonnnre and repnirs.
Miinth.
Sal-
arit'S.
Sup-
plies.
Miscel- I
lani'ous j Total,
expenses.'
Lalior.
Mate-
rial.
FUnt.
July
AnjLTUst . .. .
S«']>t ember.
Oitoliel"
X(>veinher .
DiM-enilwr .
January ...
Fi'lmiavy . .
March
April
May
June
o4:..ti'
filO.OM
lyo, mi.
OiO. (Ill;
oil). IHl
js^K oil
l.'.2.-27
'v4. 14
•-9. 17
•Jl». 1«
•Ji). 17
211. 17
:<:<. uj
:w. ^2
Ai<. 3:{
47.C-J
•ii. Hi
$168.
80.
107.
21.
28.
22
5!
24.
mmtmm
49.
— I —
42>1,
04
30,
80'
4o:
25;
00.
70!
m
24
80 1,
I
Piirchar.e |
and re- < Hire.
pairs, i
lfil.r>2
812.91
781.47
TX\. 9({
(590.57
6l»7. 42
7lH». 82
7m). <J2
r>o4i. 6><
69:t. tiTi
784. «>
020, 77
TbteL
Onnd
totaL
i!e799.8:i #firi2.A:t
fMi."i.42, 145.52'
218.03 3.029.07'
.10,492.27!
' 10. IK)
40.
40.
5.
2.
70
75
45
10
247. «W
«o2. 71J
2.70.
1,439.99!
715.30..,
17.50...
90. (Hi
155. 50'
i:Ci. 0«»-
7.
1.
77
215
294
25.">,
o:i
45
04
124.S0: 976lU.l,78iin
180.00 3,43X15! 4,&4.fll
15.50:10, 500. g7,ll, SO. O
10.00, THIS?
10.5V TO7.f5
1.441.341 2,142.00
715.30; 1.415l«I
17.50; 074.18
501.10; 1.254.70
1.115l05i 1,000.51
300.01 1.4UL81
■--•J
13.00
Total . . 8. in):{. 24 50:K 50 784. 48 9, 441. 28 2. 58.T 01 10. 90f. 58; 802. 51 1, 200.0021,010. IS S1,0SL41
RKrORT OF MR. WILLIAM MAUTIX, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
LOCK.
At tho closo of the last liscal year the lower look gato was undergoing repain^
('<>iisi.stiii*x of the renewal of nine axleti, with their wheelsy and tiie placing of a nan
trark, as niiMitioneil in the hist annual re]M)rt. The nine axlea removed wan S|
inches in dianifter, and they were either broken or l>eiit, the wheola having a ehilled
t read of 2\ indu'.*<. The new axles are 6 inches in diameter, having wheelaof Otnehea
tread.
The- cdd hiwcr «rate track rail, whiidi was f by 6 inches, waa so badly broken and
twisted that it was removed, and i-e]daeed by a rail li by 11 inohee. The upper
side of t)ie ^at«* track sill, which forms the gate scat, wah faced vith an iron^^wle
f by 8 inches, and a ])late j- by (> inches was put on the elosed aide of the loek gaftOL
thus biin^int; two llat surfaces of iron into rontaet when the gate la oloae^ ana
redueing the friction to a minimum when opening the i^ate.
The su])eriority of this nioditieation is very apparent in the operation of the lower
gate, as the hydraulic Jack in the river wall, used for Htarting the gate, ia no longer
necessary, the gate ."Starting freely without its aid.
All repairs to the lock gate were finished July 11, when the cofferdam^ need In
making the repairs to the gate, was torn away prei>aratory toraiaing the dam^ wUcb
work was c«>nij»leted, and tin* dam raised by noon of the 14th.
The operation of tlu) lock gate, sinc(> the new wheels and azlea were pnt in, baa
Im'cu verv satisfactorv.
The screens plactMl over the valve culverts in tlie gate reccsaea, to keep out drift
and other debris from the valve.**, became elogged, preventing the paaaage of the
water into the culverts. The screens were all removed , permitting the d^bria to
])ass through the culverts and discharge below the loek. No stoppage of thevalTeB
has occurred as a result of removing tlies<'reens. exeept in onevalve; the opegatiug
machinery of this valve was deta<'hed, permitting the nse of theothera niitil.tlie
Ntoiipaue was rleai'ed.
One of the annoyances in the operation of a lock gate wliich rollo OH ft 8tm|flM
track into a renss inland has been the aeeunuilation aX driftwood in the rear ofuie
gate, preveulirii; it<> being opened the full widthof the lock, llie drift ia drawn into
the recess by the Niiriioii caused by the opening (»f the valves. At the lower gnte
tliis has iteen it\(Mcoiiie by cutting a chute through the lower wall of the reoeoay dla-
cbarging below the lock all <lrift which enters the recess.
The ejiaiiis for both the u])[>er and lower lock-gates being worn ont^ new ooeabave
bi'cu procured.
riie brass lining of the hydraulic valve-Jack in the river wall worked looae and
had t(t be remo\<-(l. as the niovenient of the lining was parallel to the nxia of tihe
Jack, thus cbt.siim the water pnrt.^ and [U'eventing the operationof the Jack. Bytbe
reninval ot' the lining the diameter rif the cylinder was increased by twiee the tblflk'-
ne<^s nf the lihiim. and tn reiitr.ili/e the pis't<»ii 1 had a cast-iron ring made to fit the
cylinder and Mih^titiited it for the leather fillei-s shown by the detaudSKVilgef ttA
■ APPENDIX" a Q — REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. MERRILL, 2353 '
piatoii in " Dt^»ilB of m!u>hint(ry for oporatins wiitkeU," tinted December S, 1ST9.
AaUie J»ok in tlie river wall iklwHys lucked Hiiffii'ieut jjnn-er.'theiurrenseddittmetoT
glvMi It by the reiQiival of the lining makes an inorease of power, canaiug the vuIvbi
11 oiffD more rapidly.
SmiMpimii ■■ ricef wall of lork. — The piston pnmp in tlie river wall, opor;it«d by
a Su-liioli (nrliine wheel and iiReil fur flnppl;in^ the wnter tanks which operate the
louk nillns and ■liHchargingvalvex, broke ilowu on Jitty 35. An examination waa
miulo lit the tHUB, but noc*nse of failure oonld be diauo Tared. During the month of
Aprlllhe pump was takeu out of th» well in the wall and examined. It wua found
that the partition wall of the valve RliumbnT bad broken ont, and the biue plate wu
alw broken. Considering the ofaarauter of thu oonatrnctloa of the pump, its repair
wonid be (>i|iilvBlnnt to u new on^.
X iinnr ilesign of the plnugor cloM has been prepared for this pump. In the niean-
timo wn ILK nsing tbn steam piston iiiimp to keep np the snpply of wat«t until eunh
time lie u new pmap cna bo proriiroil.
The qiiuHttun uf the property lino botwnin thn Unitt-d Stiitoa and tho Pittsburg,
Fort Wityiie iind Cliiougo Knilwoy, in rogard to whieli n unit in t^eoUuent hits honn
ponding Cor several jreats, is still misnttlodjbutisuint'nlr way to uniunicublo udjiut-
The Chanoine dnm bos bean in good order dnring the year. No extra expenao lina
been required. But one steel cross head on n horse of the navignliln piws has broken.
This will be replaced the next time the dam is raised.
.VfTw liiiiping dn'ioe.-'This device, referred to in tJie Annnal liepiirt of 1889 and
1890, WM mounted on a speeial boat and was designed la tower the dam by working
fVom below instead of fvoia above, as bos boBii cuatouiar^.
Two trials at lowering the dam were given the device, vtsi: On August 37 and
RoptemlHir 7, and I am &«e to say onr anticipations have not been ninJtxed. Thu
agitation of the water below the dam is so great that it is very difficult ti> control
tEe boat, and the position of the boat over me floor of the dam mnkes it difficult to
clear ont the drift before dropping the wiukot. Should a wicket from ai^ cause not
go down, it is impossible with the apparatus to do anything with it. On the two
oocMiions of lowering the dam in June we worked &om above with the maneuver-
ing boat, on which we bod mounted a steam winch for use in palling the bout back.
We ffave it a trial on June 19, the last time the dam yia» lowered, and it proves very
■atisfuetory, as it Inmishea an abundiuiue of power, in which we were heretofore
lacking.
Scaur behu the dam. — On the occasion of lowering the dam on August 27 and Sep-
teoibot 7. it was necessary to keep Weir 3 down 3 d.iys before the pass was lowered,
litis OMiiseda suuurof tlio rjvorbod below to stiiihari uxtuut as touuiUiiger thosufuty
of the foundation of the dam. Immediate steps wore takeu to prevent serious results
by procuring live old ooal barges and two llat:<, loa<liu(! thorn with 4,637 tons of rip-
rap stone, and sinking them where the most dangerous scour had taken place. An
examination, uiode recently, shows no movement of the barges or stone, although
Weir 3 had been down for 3 days in the e.trly part of Juno.
Bear trap. — The accident which occurreii .July 16 to the lower (jato of the bear
trap by the breaking of the lower 8titroniii)» timbers has been repaired. The auto-
matic sHding-stoj), for keeping the space between thu upper gate and the pier closed
to prevent d^biis getting beneath the gates, has been attached and performs the
work for which it was designed satisfactorily.
Considerable scour had takeu place below the trap. lujury to the foundation from
this cause was guarded against by siukitii; a coal flat and a barge loaded with rip-
rap stone at a distance of20 feet below tlio lower line of the dam. In the interval
between these boats and the line of the dam, extending far enough to include the
space below the two piers, 1,242 piles wori' driven, and the interstices between the
piling ware filled with large riprap atouo, u total of 313 tons being used for this pui-
On the lower slope and apron of this
drift dnring floods; these have boi-n re
bolts. The dam is now in good couditi
Tlie fence on Davis Island, dlvtrling the priiji«rty of the United States from that
of Mrs. Klelein, built last year, was destroyed last February by the flood whicb
submerged the island,
ENQ 91 148
1
2354 BEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ESOlNEEKa, U. 8. ABHT.
, ARARLK UVNO OS DAVIS ISLAND.
AVith cvvry Anoil lliiil H)tlmi<>TK*'s Duria luluiii) i>urt)»u(i of ttw ambla land ■■•
riirrii'd iiwny. Sinm; i>Iaii iif n>Nti>niti«n Hliunlil lif adoptefl In the flitnrc to neorar
ubuiit 3 niTcs iif tliv iiliiiiil tliut hnii Itpcn cnirio*) n\Tay hj fluodo, and ranoTsd bj
exi-avaliuna luudo tor thr conxti'iiPtion of coffenlnius.
N'.tn ItAL GAS.
Tb<> i>ii)>ply of imtiirul gait for li^'lit iiiiil fiii-1 in still Torrivetl ftoni the Belbma
mill clt'iiilvlil Xiitiir:il I'liN Coiii)):iii,v ut the HHiiic mt« pn nnnnm as paid Imat ywr,
viz, if350. Thr Ditpply lina liecn nl>uui1iiut for nl) puTposea.
<>I-KltATI«N OF DAM.
The il:im w:iit miiiii'uvi'ri'il itiiriu); the vear on the following datca:
Bai*iil.—Ju\y 11, Srjit.'min-r 3, Jlay f, .luiie 16, .Iiiiio 30.
Liitvfriil. — AiiiniRt 27, Si'IiIi'IiiIht 7, Jiiik> 7, Jniie l!f.
i-: a !■:
n-t7. I J&>--iS. '
July '.-. 7 -ill 0.-Jl;]o| 0 ■ 3 !
N.n-.'inlM-r".!' '!';'.";'." ii no 2^ Tl' IK Id \t . 11 0
lin-rmiHT II :ii i7 n ai Si 2 i» o i
.laniury U :il W 0 31 17 1 M i 10
Frlirnarr 0 'i* -il oatM BMjM.
ilwi'h : U W 17 0 HI Id D 111 . 3»
April ■ " -M -ii 0 ao i:i u in 25
jlljy : ;! :;i.i> « ^ '« \-^ 13
Viwr [4 •::-B i» t4 291 |40 wi i^aj ill I
'I'lio I'i^'ci' mill liiirbor act of Septciiilwi' lt>, 180(1, coutflins tbe fitUow-
iiik: item:
Iioiirc.viiic III*- Ohio KiviT liv the i-
iiioiith of \i.-.iy,-T Ittvi-r. iVnii.*.vlvnnin , ,
niiisiiliT mci>t ;nlv:iiitiit;i'imB, two hunilre<l iiiirl fifty thousand dollsra.
The first (iiifstiim tliar lUdse iiiuler thici not was tlint of location. It
iicodeil only a (rlaiico at tlip iiia]> to sliow that no acceptable dun coald
be IcM-ated al the mkhiHi of the Heaver River, as tliia tributary eaters
the Ohio at rhe aiH'x of a sharp bend, and the latter Btreau is crossed
by a Itmlp' a short dislaiiee hehnv. Navlpition ift already quite difHcidt
at ihis jiiiiiil, and any additiniiut eoniplieation was mauittutly iuodmis--
sible. Ah t)ie Iinv did not iwniiit ^Im-ation ubove the moatlL of BeaTer
Ktvur, it waa eviduutly necessary to seek one below tliis point.
MERRILL. 2355
The first nnw anloctwi wiis 1.600 feet below tiie Beaver Bridge, but the
coal interest ulywtf <i on account of the ilauger at certain stages of hitting
th« river wall of tlie lock. A second sit*.' was tlieii eliosen Just below
Uie Hctover Shoals Diku. This was also objected to, and a third sit© waa
sefected near VaniJort, Ph., 5 miles below the mouth of Beaver River.
The last iwlectioti proved, aafisfa^^tory to the coal interest.
The next. ipK^tion 1« be settled was that of eonneetion with the exist-
in? tnovublo dnni at Uavis Island, it wati assumed that at some ftative
time the new movuble Dam wnuki fonn one of a series of which the
l>»vi» Island Dam is the tlrHt, and heoee the locAdoii of the new dam
pnu-tieally involved the approxinu^te loiation of all the dams between it
and Davis Island.
Afler eareful stmly it was dei-irled that the retiuircd ktcations could
be made, and that llie new dam would be the sixth of the series. A
proHh' showing Hie heifilits, litis, and mivigalde depths of the first six
movable dams on thr Ohio River was submitted to the Chief of Kngi-
neurs, and on (In- Litlh of April the proposed site of the Beaver Dam was
runoally iippnivcil by tkc Aetiuff Secretary of War,
Tile next piiiiil was liir purrliiise of the necessary land on both banks.
An offer of M.lKio fm- il aiics waa marfe to the owner of the land on the
right bank, but Lii> declined it. On the left bank the property belonged
to Beaver County, I'a., being iu charge of the dire<itors of the county
inttrmai*y, who had no auUiority to sell any part of the same.
Under tliese cinmmslanetw the United States District Attorney pro-
cared the appnuitment of » board of appraisers, who met on the 27th of
June. On that day the owner of the land on the right bank decided to
accept the ofi'er that had been mmle to him, and tlie Board appraised
the land tm the left bank at the same rate per acre. As the amount of
tJiis lan<l is li.-Wi acres, the total cost of tlie land required for the Beaver
Dam wiU be «1,57B.«7.
The title papers nva now ill process of execution, aud will be coin-
pleteil at an early day,
All ef-tifiiafe uf *L'.'}0,U(W for rontiniiing work on this dam is submitted.
It is very desirable that when work of this character is once begun it
.should be carried througli without ces.sation, as any stoppage during
the working season adds greatly to the ultimate cost.
M»Hey statement.
Ai nl,i|.|.ri.iiri;ito<H.y actaiiprovpcl SriiU-mbM 19, 1800 $250,000.00
.lull.: :*il, IKDl, ;iiii'.iiiitospfiiafii (luring fiscal year 1,381.23
.July 1, ixgl, biilBiicc inipxpen.l..'.l 248, 618. T7
iiji..iin( (i-stL toil) r.H,iiiri-iI for rr.niiilction of ex(8ti:iK project 650, 000.00
ii.i.iiiiitlliat.iijilirT)rolitrililyoxpciirl,:,l in firtcalyearcn.Ung June 30,1*13 250,000.00
iiiliinitt^Ml ill compiiiuit'i' with reqiiircmciiU of soctiooe 2 of liver and
hurlior acts of 1866 and 1867.
GGs-
The late appropriations under this heading were applied to the con-
stmctioQ of Lock and Dam Xo. 8, at the mouth of Dunkard Creek. This
work was opened to uavigatiou in 2Jovember, 1889; at that time it was
2356 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, .U. 8. ABUT.
not quitt' oomplete, and the balance on hand ha8 been expended in snp-
plyinjr the omissions.
Durin«; the year the dam was backed with gravel, and two lock-
keejH^rs' lioiises were built and occupied. The cavities in the terreplein
AV(u*i' filled, and the whole area was paved. The T of the abutment on
the left shore was extended farther into the solid bank as a meaflore of
precaution, and the bank below the abutment wa* graded and paved.
The guiding crib beU)w the land wall was raised and extended into
tlie bank. As the ojteration of this liK'k is a charge against the iudefl-
nite apinopriation for -'operating and care of canals and other works of
navigation," reference is made to the report under that heading for fur-
ther jiavticulars.
Money fttatement
.Tilly 1.1S90. baliinco iinexpeiult'd $11^917.30
.Iinio 'MX ISIH. aiiioiint expended during tiscal year 15, 115. 54
.Tilly 1, 1>^1. balance nnexiKMided 801.66
.Tilly 1 . 1>^1. ont8taudiug liabilities 49. 58
July 1. 1801, balance available 752.13
COMMKRCIAI. STATISTICS.
The followiiiji; tabl(> compiled Irum the annnal reports o f the Monoi^ahelaNaTiffa-
tion Company shows tlie commercial movement on the lower part orthia iiTer Tor
the past seven years.
Artulos.
1884.
I
^
Ton*.
Brirk ' 1,467
Tiittlo and liornen 108
CluHsitiofl fnisjht i:*. nmo
i 'oal iiihl loki- 3, 104. <<6t>
yin- ilav 2. 140
Hf^rs...". 254
Iron: i
ore ■ 20.840
in ]tv^^ ! 17
l-nniluT 10. T14
Oil 9
1M|H"
INtst s 3
VoAX^ pit 3r». 072
Kailntaa tifs ' 1. 256
.^mil 37. 345
Slnv]i 170
Stavffl
1885.
Tom.
1.325
374
13.683
3. 265. 078
3.463
138
1686.
Sij-*! rails.
SliMlP
"riuilKT
AVlii^kv...
23. W4
i'rt. 116
47. "HU
254
16.486
11
9.622
1.073
595
256
32.166
I3o
51.771
104
9
23.428
7.612
46. 172
198
230
Ton$.
8.907
386
13.086
4.297.768
3,295
83
17.823
5
10,231
1887.
437
18,393
161
50,229
108
9
45.795
4.631
52.698
196
Tnu.
5,279
501
16, 486
2.998.690
2,383
250
17.683
7
11,144
55
2,285
258
80,472
30
89,230
233
910
53,561
49
4,SM
566
17.450
i4. 400. 096
8,470
879
8,070
10
13,778
<.3S3
18.S34
>S. 061, 175
5,063
3,871
15
10.005
7,
23.100
4.480,333
5.031
2.335
5
U.015
480
83,432
555
63,085
103
7
10.
3.
64.191
88
164
I !
t 700
18.707
8.165
78,500
164
90
32,177
0.5SO
I 51.006
; 184
S.S04
l.(
105b OOO
00
140
04,000
811
43,070
Total X :^.".. 423 3. 472. 959 4, 533. 484. 3, 287. 005 4. 684. 785 3, 322, S30
rasiTiijCiT.-*. nuiulior 28.871
j
24.608
26,885 j 60,584
44,714
45,811
i, 756, 700
11,630
-ni«f..iio.vii.ui.u.
No. 8ilnrln); IHtNl:
i> lli^it. [iUHNiot lliriiii|;1i I
Atwuodlng.
DBBjnrtta,.
l>^Sbt.
r«,h>.
sua
■ma
ami
1
Tmi.
1*5.18
iM.m
Si
3S1I.IS
II7ll.»l
ail
27T.86
aw
E«Q
llli
•■W'..
Wy^
■■!;!■«
^^e;:::::::;::::;:;:;:;::::::::;;;::;;;-:;: -;:-
4, wo, DO
U»3.Da
low
B.Ml 3,35e.W
■.Tar 1 w.txj.ii
iti Roiiiitierce l.bitt pneoeil through Uniteil States Lock
Piuwn-
ger..
Freight.
PUHD-
FrdghL
1
we
'1
ii
«U7,1S
HI.W
11
3IS
'a
n7!i
T^n4.
I^-'A
»,m
S.».89
Taking the avpmg« of tlin tot
merce iliirinf; 1890 on tho 14 mil
the United States ia no lulliiwH ;
TJie Monongahela Kivei-, from Morgantown, W. Va., to ita month at
Pittsburg, is canalized by nine lucks and dams, of which the first seven, ■
counting from Pittsburg, are the property of the Monongahela Naviga-
tion Company and the eighth ami ninth are the property of the Uuit«d
States. The eighth dam is HS.15 miles above Pittsburg, and Morgan-
town, the hea<lof the slack wuter, is 102.11) miles from the same. It may
therefore be stated that 14 miles of this river is under the direct cxtntrol
of the United States and H'i miles is under a private corporation.
2358 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABUT.
l)uriii<r the year these locks ami danis have been under the direct
control of Mr. P. Goliiy as residont en^rineor, and for details rdTeience
is made to his report, which is hereto annexed.
Estimate for fivral year endiny June 30, 1S93.
Salarios '. $1,800
Oftit-e oxpoiises .- 200
Oil ami rcKil 160
Traveliujj exponsfs 900
Suhmaviiic armor 800
Kopairhii; Dam No. S 9,500
Repairing Oam No. J» • 5.000
Protect iii;r l»ank bflow LiK'k 8 1. TUO
CoDt ingf Mcies 1. 800
Total ai,2)0
Ddailed statvmeni of expenses inciured in operating and care of 1oek9 anddawu on Ike
Mouonyahcla Ricer during the Jucal year ending June SO, 1891,
OptTrttiug expenses.
Month.
1S90.
July
August . . .
St'lltfllllKT
OftolMT . . .
J miliary . .
FfWruaVy .
Murt'h . * . .
April
May
Juiiv
Sal-
ark-a.
4'J«». »H)
40.). 00
4i» •. IK»
4i)U. Oi
40.1. Ui»
4:»o. IW
r»2>i.tK.»
4i:i. iHi
41.'>. "HJ
4.'>:s. 40
47.V OU
,Mi80cl-
Sii])- lanfous
pliea. ex-
IK'Tises.
Total.
. I
|0.fi:i $29.07
. ti5 44. at
'X\. Go 1. 2r»
24. (HI 3. OU
18. i»r. 6. 00
27. 05 9. 40
Tools
and
appli-
ances.
2.75
14. 9t)
a4.ii
2a 25
8.00
30.26
2.20
$493. 87i
465. 48
434. 9iJ
427. 00.
424. 95
436.451
484. 11
551.00
4.Tr.9a
415. 00
489 60.
477. 20 .
Dredg-
ing.
Bepalrt.
Labor.
Hate-
rial.
$7.41 $161.34
8. 62 $1,740. 00
25.29
TotaL
yr. 81 $171. 05
533.46.
S4.73
2.75
56.40
1
37.50
3.73 i
4.00 1,200.23 1
18.06 250.83
' 40.63
134.22
502.74
388.88
47.23
8.00|
38.97;
58.76;
151.61.
115.62
225.17;
229.49
85u54!
69.66
I.
657.
614.
27S.
237.
74.
96.
Gmid
totaL
4«
46
51
35
9672.91
2,747.56
l.U7.e3
966lS3
700116
TMlM
143.93
70.15
184.
201
56
87
.12
.66
1.6I&U
674.32
681.57
Total .... 5.212.57 122.58
202.37 5,5:f7.52 188.49 3, 191. 06, l,383.77i 1,554.95 2,416.29| 11,865.79
r.KHOliT OF MR. PHILIP GOLAY, ASSISTANT EKGINBBR.
Sir: I have tht* honor to submit the following report on operating and
ooks and dams on th«* Monou;;ahcla River^ West Virgiuia and l^sunsylvauia,
iscal Year en<lin«; .Tniu' 1>0, 1891 :
caie of
for the
LOCK AND DAM NO. 8, MOUTH OF DVXKARD CRSEK.
At the h('t;innin^ of rho tiscnl year, it was found that the apron of the dam had
Bustain<Ml an in.jnry. A small portion of the sheeting, toji^ether with one or two
t«trin;;<>rs. had rism at ilif to<>, and the damage has beeii considerably ansmented by
snhsctinrni ri.^r< of ihf riv«'r. .<o that at proAoiit nearly nil the sheeting ofthe dam ia
lifted. On aiM-onni ot' nnnsnall\ lii«;h water tluriug the entire year, repairs of thia
I'haractor could not Ik- made. It is the inti'ution to repair the damage at the earliest
po.ssihle op]n»rinnity.
f.'huntttn atnt imjunr, mvnfis in opera t i nfj niarhincry. — The stems of the valTes for filling
and empty i Hi: tin- lork «'li;unl)»."r wt-ro not «"t)nstrnrted originally with a view of clos-
ing nnd<M' ])r<'ssnrc. a con'iition making: ii both ditlicult and verv tedious to drain and
relill the }»ool wln-in-vrr tliis brranir m'tt'^isiiry for making repairs. The Bt«m8 of the
two tillin*; vjilvr?* liavr bn-n stitlrn»'d. b:ivinsr those of the emptying valves yet to
be ehangi'd. 'I'Jio nrw londiiion will also bi> more advantageons if for any reason,
M'hile operating tlio lock, it sh(»iild bfcomc necessary to change flruui filling to emp^-
^0Q KBPoaT OP LIBUT. COL. HEBRtLL. 2359
itig tlu' Ii>ok utiiuiilii^r. 111- tVoiii I'liii-t.viiiK tct lilliiih' ; h1h« t»r lliinliiu); ilriR nuiti williitl
BUil Imlow t.hr lock. *
TUo rupsMn hurnilB wimi rumoveil luiil now ouum of iiupiuvvd jmlUiiii «'i."m Hub-
■titutcU.
The upAKting iDifhiner^ i
fiiniiprly iiMod. Thi^ iKliniHHii . .
ImllietM wiu (iimliji-ction to llio nyivii i;tii(iiiK-
fi«ll'i.'r»nk )ir»ki!B wura upn|it<d tullm frlrtiuit* uf the cliftiii (IriiiUN Ui enable th«
lodl kseper to u«ntn>t tbo oliaiiM. iiii<l pri'veut Iheir tunning oK tba rtriini ami foul-
On iM<i<)>iiiit af th« excefiHivt- tljruHt, Ihu spidor NupuortiDg thestap in oito of thn
tnrkliirxKiive way. nHowiin; the turbine wlicul anrlah&n todrop, and so breaking thii
wliccl lliiil auolliiT liuil to 1" )MHi-ti.i-i 'I 1" tjiko its plM«. AdilitionQl 8un]iort wiw
^ivi'ii l<i ill] llif tiirliiihs i>v m^ >i» ■•>' iliriiat lieanRf^ on tbn shnfta. The raitilts
Wi-r" iii'-ri'iiJii;.! ]ii.\v.t iiiia in) liiri li.r l.n-.il.iiic.
r)i..ii ilirn.li>|iri'.Ti <.t |M,Miu>' id j.l.K'.' nl irli-tinii cuuc clutchra, H wim foiiml dim-
roll )■) ri'Ji':iHL< ilifir li.>lil ivLrti ilii' ilijiiiiH w»re tiiiit. To obviate tliiN ili At cully,
H(|iiar>- 'Uv\ HtiitlH wurr iuAcrtitl iu the t-ups of fhe turbiuc eli»ft«, by m^iMie at vhie^
tlir liii'k kiiiijior cau tiiru tho tiirbinn hnokwuril Biinicieiitly to Bl»ck tbe cbaiiiti. Tbe
rliitrlir'n I'lkti then be releaDed witb nnsti.
hi-r<lrj%Hij,— la the month of Ao^nst n ilreilRtt wus hlml fVoin thi- Monont^ahelu nnd.
WmUrnt'ompiuiy, of PittHbiirg, tu (1tim1((i< out thnappnincb Iwtaw liUckNo. 8. Three
tJHiuiwuil Miven hundred cubin viirds of muterint w(m« reinovod Itom tliu vUatuinl,
givintf ftin)ile wat«r for narigutiou.
Early iu tlie mouth of Jnnunry n flood pilnd luow ruck and i;riive1 bolw'eeu tb«
rirw wall of Lock No. 8 nnd tho old wffiTilum. closiuz tlm outbrt of (hi> lower tnr-
kinrpiilvvrt. Tha tJuit«d States J redno OnKtfgo TuxaayA tlie old l;otr<^rdfttu, Mid outft
cliiuinr>1 ISO fert widpnlouj^Kidoof the river wullaud(>ont!unud it below tliu lock, tliua
«|HfiiiDt! tltf> ontlot of tbe turbhie nnd drftwinsia iniurr«ul wbitJi itisbopwl wilipro-
Tcnt ilionliug in the approuch to tliu look Ihim below,
U)CK ANO DAM NO- 9, BOARD ROCKS.
Thp wnrh of repnirlu); Ibn look walls, rommnnRnd in 1SH8, vm flniibed nnd thi> old
iiiiiM>nTj wni )^veu Bomit minor rppiiiia.
Tbi> ^Idu crib nt tba bend of tbo river wall waa repatrnd and raited.
The crib iiprun of thn dam was miuiowhnt damngud; but, as at Tjoek No. 6, bigb
jiwrifUifi. — In cunueiitinn witb the dredging at l.oek S, ri'portod above, the United
Rtatradrrdge Dtwrgo remnved a bar lielow Lock 9, which wim the canse of » tronWe-
miine f^bl.v. It lAho removnd a sraall barabovo tha lock and dugont the space !>»-
twi'i-iilhi- fciiidu eribH. The lock chainbi-r Wiwi'lesiied out by washing away tbeeed-
iniMil :iliovi- and below thp miter Hiiltt with the Nteamboat wheel.
ViTy re«[iect folly, your obedient itervant,
Philip Golay,
AtsUtant Engineer.
Lieut. Col. W. E. Mf.urtlt.,
Corpn of Kiit/inefrt,
PURCH.A.SE OF LOCK AND DAM XO. 7, MONONRAHELA RIVER.
At the close of tlie lant fiscal year the cas<c of the Unit«d States v»,
TIic MoiioiiRalu'lM Niivigatioii Com])aii.v, in the matter of the condemna-
tion of liK-k and dam Xo. 7, was sot to be heanl on appeal at the Novem-
ber temi of the circuit court of the United States for the western dis-
trict of Penn.sylvania.
At that term Jiid^e Aeheson lixwl the snm of $200,000 as the value
of lock and dam Xo, 7, which in the same snm, in round numbers, that
wan set by the viewers. Suiidiy legal questions connected with the
case having been decided in favor of the United States, tlie Navigation
Company took an appeal to tlie ^^uprenie Court of the United States,
where the matter is now pending.
2360 REPORT OF THE CHIlOl-^ OP ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
TIh' tollowiii^ nioiu'v sfiifciiu'iit sluiwstlie sums oxpoiuliHl lUiriiij; tlie
lisfjil year for c*o.sts of roiMloiiiiiatiou:
Motinf i<fafrment.
July 1, 18i^\ biilaiire uiioxponili'il. :ii>]in»]ii-iation for costs of foiiUenina-
t ion of lork and dam No. 7, Moiioii.^alicla Rivor •. . . . $3, KW. K7
June '^K 1SJ)1, aiiiouut rxiM'iiilrd iluriiitr lisral yrar 3. 431.;V>
July 1, I'SlU, balance iiuex}>oiided ' 102. 32
GG8.
PrROIIAf^E OF LOCK AND 1»AM NO. fi. MONONOAHELA RIVER.
Tlie river and harbor aet of Sei>tiMnber 19. 1890. ctmtains the follow-
ing; item :
That whenever the proeeedings eoininencod by the l-nited States a(;aiuBt the
Mononjxaht'Ia Navigation ('oini»any. a e<n-i»oration organized under the hi W8 of Penn-
sylvania, to I'ondenin Lock and Vnm No. 7. eonstitnting a i»art of the iniprovenii*ut
in water eoniniunication in the Monongahrla River between PittHburg. in the 8tate
of Pennsylvania, and a point at or near Morgantown. in tlu* State of \Ve«t Virginia,
shall be tinally detennined. and the I'nited States shall have acmiired the title to
said Lock and l»ain No. 7 and its a])]uirrenance8. the Secretary of \Var be, and he is
hereby, authorized and directed to negotiate lor and purchase, at a cost not to ex-
cee<l ^102.(XX), lock and dain No. t? and its ajtf nrtenances of the Mouougahela Xavi>
gation Company, also constituting a part of said improvement. And the sum of
$102. (KH\ or so much thereoTas may be necessary, is hereby appropriat-ed out of any
money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated for consummating said purehase.
the same to be paid on the warrant of the S«M'retary of War upon full and absolute
conveyance to the Tnited States of the said Lock and Dam No. 6 and its appurtenances
of the said Montuigahela Navigation i'omitany.
In the event of the inability t»f the Secretary of War to make voluntary purchase
of said Lock and Dam No. t> and its appurtenances for said sum of $162,000 or a less
sum. then the Secretary of War is hereby auth(»ri/ed and directed to institute and
carry to ctunpletion proceeilings for the ctmdemnatiou of said Lock and Dam No.
(i and itsai>]uirtenances, said condenniation ]>roceedings to be ns preserilted and reg-
ulated by the provisituis of the general railroad law of Pennsylvania, apiiroved Feb-
ruary 1!). lMt>. audits supplements. exce])t that the Tnited States shall uot be re-
quired to give any bond, and except that jurisdicriou of said proceedings is hereby
given t«» the circuit court i»f the I'nitcd States f»»r the western district of Pennsyi-
vania witli right of appeal by either party to the Supreme Court of the United
States: I*rtn-'nltd. That in estimating the sum to be pai<l by the I'uiti'd States, the
iVanrliise of said cor])oration to cidlect tolls shall not be <'ousidert^d or estimated;
and the sum of .-{s^.^^^K t>r si» much thereof as may be neceswiry. is hereby apiiropri-
ated. out of any moneys in the Treasury not ot he wise appropriated, to pay ttie nec-
essary cosT.N ot' said condemnation ]>rorectlings: and n]>on linal judgment iNfing en-
tered therein the Secret aiy (»f War. if in his opinion the Judgment is reasonable, is
hereltv auth(»ri/ed and directed to draw his warrant on the Treasurv for the amount
of said judgment and costs, and said anuMint for the payment thereof is hereb)* ap-
]»ropriateil t»ut of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. And
when said Ltn-k and Dam No. i* and its a]»]>urtenances .•ihall have bi*en acquirtnl by
tlie ruited Stat*'s. wlu'ther by i»ur«hase or condennnition, the Secretary of War
shall take rh:ir;;;e thi-n-ot'. and the same shall thereafter be subject to the provisions
ot' sci'tinn 1 of an act emit led "An act making appropriations f«>r the eonstrnctioni
repair, and itri'-^iTx aiion tor certain ]Miblic works on rivei*s and harbors, and for
other ]»uipo.ses." ai)pro\ed ,luly "», lss4.
-\s action iiiHlcrtlu'sr Inst nut ions can not bo in it iattnl until the United
States shjill have actpiinMi th<' title to Lock a n<l Dam No. 7, it is only nec-
essary to state tliat the jjaiagiaphs wliieh are quoted al)Ove are yet in
aljcyaiH-e.
Mom}! stattmntt,
A]»iuo|ivi:iti-d by ait of Sijitrniher li». 1S1H> —
I^>l pillrh;i*«<' ot' I. nek and Daiu No. (» $162,000
Foi iii<i>« of rnnih-ninatii»n (d' Lock and Dam No. 0 'G^OOO
r
APPENDIX 0 0 — niCrORT OF l.lKVr. COL. MEaiilLL. 2361 '
G G 9.
lUPBOVEMKNT OF CUKAT UIVKlt, WK8T VXROINIA.
Tlifl i-ivftr mill lijirbor net. of Si-plf-inliop IH. ISflrt, <t4)iit,iiinfil an appro-
pi-ifttloii of *1W»K) fiiv tlio iriiimivt'iiKTit "f Clu-Jif'Urvi'i',
Tlic oI»ii'ct (if II1U iiii|)m\i'nii-iil. is 1 ;iki- liic river im\-ifj;iiljl« l)y
](Hn*f h'g!*. 8(1 iis 111 hriii;; out tlii' iiiiUiciiHc jiii|.|i1m-s of tiitilier U* be
fiiiuii] ill IIm' vii;;)i) i;<n-~1.s .111 III)- CliiMt aiiil ilM iHliiiliirii'S. lii itH
ictiiuiil roKilitioii ii n;is irri|><>»><llili- r<> lii-iii<: >Ic>\mi r;i IN, atiil n very
l.i.i-.-(MT.vi.l;.;:.'ur |]irl,.„s<-!.,;;swas .sln,M.lr>i :,ii».i.- Il>e. rwks ami
It'll Ih.-ii' U> .l.vin fiHtii iiutl.ililv 111 ^'.-1 rh itid. llir vmli-r. Tli«
n«n.'li |.iiil i>l' till- tivi'i- ■ mi-iin-s ;,l.i,,(t :; /nili-- li.Oi.w flu- I!Hltiiiior«
ami (Hii.i Itiiilniii.l ri-ossiii-. nl Ifnu I.-;liiii -, :iiii| lc-niiiiiiiU>s lit Jtmvw
lluir, 1(1 mil.-<ii}»ivf til.' i.Miiiili. mIu'h. ill,' vhi-v •■uu-vfU-.s IVom Laurel
Ki.li,'.'. The tot;il l.-liylli i.r .Mlirull ,n .t 1-..;u „iil.-s.
\Vi.i-k \Vi1.S Ue;nm ITI XciM'IIiIm'i-, rl[>-cil in .l;iliii;iiy, auti l-CSUmwl lu
April. Diiiiii;t tbis |iiiii.,i ,'..(;:;(Miil.ir wuds nf rock were brokmi up,
and tiip river wiis iml in liiii iiniiliti.ni lur llic pnssu^e of loose logs ati
f«r ilnwn iw Allirijilits. Il| uiilis In-lnw Jii>»li'.-<i>nr^.
In view of the lin:l tli:il llie :i|t|mi[iii;iliuii \v;is niiiile for COiilplfiting
tlip impriivfiiifTit 111' lilts i-JMT, iiii i-:tiiii:iti' is stilmiillcil. tliuiign it ia
h<-lifrV(>4l thiit :iu ii>Iilitii<ii:ii siini 1 duI.I lie ;iilv:iii1;ip'>iiisly i-\|K'<iide(L m
reiiiiiving uioi>- otistriu'liiuis, miil in iiiiililiii;; i-iili iliki'H iiiiil dams to
keep loK^* ■>■ the chanuel.
For details refereuce is mode to the annexed reiM>r( of Mr. V. Golay,
the local eugineer.
Money slatcnent.
Ammiiilii|iiiropriat«dbj-iict appruTeilSi'iiU'nilwr 10. IMW $13,000.00
Jhho 30, I8»l, aiDDiuit sxp<^nile<l ilimu); liscill year 5, 108. 15
Jxil\ l.i«H,l.uli(nry iinciiteijiloii 7,«tl.88
Jrtl.v J, IWH,<,nlMtiiinlJnjrli«l>iliIi.'R --- 1,408.35
Jnly 1,1891, balance iiviiilnlilfl ,6,483.60
Sir: I have tlie lumor In xiilmiit Ilic rnlli>winf! ri'iiort of work nit iiiiprnvinf; Ctaeftt
River, Wett Vlrginin, for tlic fisral year eucliii;; Jiuie 30, 1891.
The pruposetl inipruveiui-nt ol' Clu-nt Kiver, ^Vest Vjrginin, ci>uaiHta in blaHtine
and reinovinx rock ob.stiiiclioiis lb;it li.ive heretofore vi^ry inatCTially iiiterl'ered with
the fraepiiMafruof ilrifling |[>i:i>, Ibrrdiy making the triiiisport.ation of timber from
the vast fureHtu on the heail natiTS of Ch«at Itiver to the innrkcts ii!<mg the Hodou-
guhelaanitOliiorivern i-sn'ciliiij'ly liHWitiioiis,
( >inni; to the latn dat<^ at vliirii tlie river iitii) linrbur aet of 1890 pHsseit, and thn
time necGRnary for |iiir<'ha)iiiit; niirl tranRpoTtitig tnolH nn<l material bdiI prepariag
qnartoTs and menus of Hiilmistein'e for a party of workiiifii in a Hpurscly settled
nioiintaiDonN rejtiou. no blnstiti;; uaH iloneiintiraboiit tlie 10th of Niiveinlwr. Work
wan eonlinned till .January 13, -vrlicii [rough vinliT neatlier forceit a siuipcusion.
(llH-ratJonii were n-sn mud on .\]iril 1 and viKornuslv proaecuted to the end of the
fiHiHl year, Tlie force eni]))oyi'<l lonHisIrd »■' 22 nieii; 5,G2(i cnbic yardn of Toek
oliHtruction were blasted, l>ri>ki-ii up, :inil n-uiovcl. or levelerl down, uh IoIIown:
Four hnnilrcd and fonrinliie vjii'ilit b(-lu'i'<-ti llickurv Bear Pen Hun and a point
tlirce-fonrtlin nf a mile above. incliKliiig Kurk H»rii Bar.
Six Iiuudred and fnrty-eicht oiii.ic yardn mi Sliaiity linn Bar. Here u chute 80
fret widi! w»n made aci'Ofis Ihe bar.
Five hnndred and srveulf.ii tiibic yarrls bi'iui-en ^liauty Kuu and Bear Willow
Rnu, deatroying oeveral lodglu^ jiliiics liii luga.
2362 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, tJ. 8. ABllt.
Olio tliouRund Olio hiiiulred :iml forty-tliivc cubic yards on Kowlder Bar, at the
foot oftlio rapidH.
One tlioimand iive Iinudrcd aud seven ty-]iin(> cubic yards on Oil Mill Rnu IVat,
This was the most troubh^some phace in the XaiTows. A chute was made the entire
length of the bar, 80 I'ect wide. At the head of the bar tiie rocks were blastetl am^
leveled down ou the river side, so that loj^s can be driven around whenever there h
not enou^li water to carry them throu^ii the eliute. About 270 feet down fnmi th
head of tlie bar the rocks were broken ui» and leveled down from shore to main ehan
nel, HO that lo^s Ht-o])])ing at this point may be rolled in with ease.
Six hundred and ei«i:1it cubic yards of rock obstruction were blasted within th<
first mile below Oil Mill Run Bar.
Four hundred and sixty-tuie cubic yards at the mouth of Priiiffle Run.
One hundred and ninety-one cubic yards at the foot of the Narrows, and 75 cubi
yanls on MaHon Rijiple^ 4 miles bt'Iow.
Jn th<> coiiHinnmalion of this work, 4;(>()0 pounds of Hercules x>owdcr, 1,650 platiuiii
fuses, :^,H00 f<M»t of <louble tajjc fu.se, and 1,'4()0 <[uiutuple-force caps were used.
Isolated bowlders near the (renter of the stream, and bowlder bars on the conve
shorts of th<^ river, not bt^inj;: serious obstructions, no unnecessary lalior was es
])ended upon tlteni. Attention was ^ivcn, for the most i)art, to bowlder bars on tb
coni*ave shores.
The necessary work on that ijortion of the river between Rowlesburg and th
moutli of .Muddy Creek, a distaix'e of IH mih^, iududin;;^ 4^ miles of one of the moH
troublesome ]>bices in the river, is nearly tlnished. Ijo;;h and timber can he dritltc^
over the bowlder bars in from f> to 8 feet lower water, and with much leas ]a1>or ani
loss than iM'ftu'o the work was done. Ijumbermeu express themselves as being we]
pleas(Ml with the new conditions.
N«;w f|uart<'rs for the workmen have been prepared at Green Island, about 20mile
below Kowlesbur«x; and a removal of ]dant and enj^jdoy^s to that place is contvni
platicd in the near future.
Very respectfully, your ob(;dient servaut,
Philip Golay,
Aaaiatant Engineer,
Lieut. Ool. W. E. Merrill,
Corjut of Eugiuecra,
COMMKRCIAL STATISTICS.
The commerce of the Cheat TJiver is r«'slriet<Hl to the floatiu|; of timl)Cr. Theonl;
attaiuabh^ statistics are those obtained from the records of the mills at the mouth ii
(!lieat IJiver. It i.s known. bow«'ver, that a considerable amount of timber d«»es no
sto]i at these mills but ])as^es down the Monon<;ahela.
\o account can be obtained of tills timber, but it assumed that it averafj^es one
fourth of the total out])ut, and it has been estimated at this rate. The followiufi^ tabi
go«*s ba<-k to \xT2, as it was thon«;lit advisalde to secure data of the product on th^
river in ])artt years, in ordt^r to have means of det(*rininin^ the effect ou thecommerr
on this river of tln' expenditun' just l)ei;nn for the removal of obstructions.
Tiinlnr pnnhui of Chffii Hirer for Iff ifeurs ending December 31, 1890,
{ ..
■i
I
1872.
187:{.
187 i.
1K75
187J5.
1877.
187^.
1K71».
1880.
1881.
Diiti-
; li.\ mills ;i(
Iliniltll of
livt-r.
1 7.
illlHt.
.'.:,. 00
1 :>5. 00 !
i 410. ^:; 1
:;io. ^5 ■
IS7. 17
17.;.^!
iMj. n7
21:;.:::; 1
425. m
tiii.i. .Ill
i
rii.x.snl
• 111 t(i
]M)iiits ,
ln'hiw.
1
1
Tnnit.
ll.r)7
128. :l-;
1 Hi. '15
n::.r,i
t;:t. ot'i
.'•7. '.»5 ■
77. 7S ]
141. (.7 1
127. 7H '
1
Total. 1
4«. <!7
5 !:{.:{:{
5^7. 7^
451. 4 »
''5" ■'■'
2::?.7s
2is. s'.i
::n.ll
5r.<;. <i7
511.11
Dute.
l.VH'j
iss.i
Ileoeivcd
by niillH nt
month of
river.
Tons.
r2». 'Xi
!»1«.67
540. 8:1
5. 540. 8:j
4, 527. ."iO
(5. o:i.5. 8:1
:i, 012. .50
5, 025. 00
3.711.17
PnMiod
on to
points
iM'loW.
Toru.
112.78
:m. M
180.28
1.816.94
1.509.17
2,011.1*4
1.204.17
1,875.1)0
1,247.06
Total.
Tont.
hll. 1
1 •»•>•> ti
HM
1 m85
721. 1
7. :ta7. 7
}fi>r,
1 >.s7
fi. IKU\. 6
8, IU7. 7
I8SS
4.810.6
I ><•<!>
7 .500 li
I.^IM)
4, 988. 2
^EKUIX QG — REI-ORt OP UEWT. COL;
IMPROVEMENT OF ALLEGUENV BIVliK, PENNSVLVANIA.
Tbc contimifd lii(ilt wah'i- tlmt. pivviiilod duniig tlio past Hea«on was
aNeriouit<>bst:ii'li' lo;ill wink of livi'riTniinni'nmiit, ami pnign»N in tliia
luie wiw limi'li winder fliiui liitil lii'i'ii i(iiliciiiat.i?d.
Dam nt CwnylnhUi- hl.\„<lx. :.'«i miUx nboi'r J'itt^iburg.—T\it- object of
tliiKtIaiii is 111 I'liiM' .1 rliiiii' l)(>i\\ri-T! lht>('<»'tii>liiuttirl8la[i(lH, and retain
in tlif uiiiiTi ,'liiiimrl til.- \\:,t>T lliii-; \v;istt>d. It would ImVB bflen bett«P
to riusr tW .■liul,. :il llir liiMd .il l!j(.'sr isLitids, :tud tlim work was act-
iinll\ li.';.'iiii. I. Ill jt «:i^ sluinii'il li\ :i!i Jniiiii.'l Jiih ^'riiLiti'd in favor of a
(UsHM'd iiijll privili'iir. Tlii' liiim wiis iLot qiLil.' IiiijhIiciI when the Hea-
wili'i* «iK>ra(i(inH M-ei»> <-loHwi by liigli wat«r. Tlin worlt itJ^elf stood the
winter witiioiit injury, but a cut about 3() foet wide wa« macie at each
end of tlie dam. At ttie clonic of the ShcoI year these ga^M were nearly
eloned.
Jtant at Jliciiory, 158 miftts alMyre Pittnburg. — Tliis struoture is at the
bead of (Ireen Island, and it is int«>nded to cloae the chute behind thin
island, conM'iit rating the whole tiow in one channel. Tlie work has not
yet Iwfcn bcKim.
Jtuiii 'il t'ithiilr. 1 10 miles ahope PilUburfi. — Theobjectofthisdani isto
cliiM' fill' rhiLii- I li:it passes to the lefl of Pithole Island. Materials have
iM'cn iHcimmliitcii. and at the dose of tlie year M feet of the dam was
in place.
Dike at Ued Bankj A'-f miles above IHtUburg. — The work done liere was
Iftnited to the repair ofthi'ee compartments of the lower slope of the
dike, ont of whicli stone had been waslied. This stone was replEiccd,
ttuA the joints iu the paviit;>: were grouted witti cement. As the scour
canned by the dike had brouglit to view a number of large rocks iu the
ntrw channel, these rocks, amounting to 236 cubic yards, were removed
Hnd placeil alongside of the dike as a sat'ogiiiird against longitudinal
s<Miur.
Kttcroachmentu in the AUegUeiiy Ifarbor at Pittsburg. — In a large num-
ber of castas iiijunctiun snitfs were bixnight in the United States circuit
court to pnsveut vipariiin owners from filling up the harbor. The ob-
ject of thesi>, suits is to prevent matters from being made any worse,
pending the cstablislnncnt of liarlior lines by the Secretary of War.
To continue the work of iinjirovement on the Allegheny River an es-
timate of ^"ril.WH) is hercwitli submitted.
Fi»r further details rel'ei-enee is made to the annexed report of Mr. J.
W. Arras, civil engineer.
Money statement.
Jiiif 30, IS91, aiiiiiuiit PxiiPini.^a liiirfti;,' (isLMl j
July 1. 1891, lialnnoo uii.-xi»ii.]..l
( Aiiioiiiittbntcanl>i>iir<>ltlnt>t,vr\|i,.iii1<'.1iiifl-<.:i1v<'!ircn<1iiiKJuiiu30,1893 50^900.0
/ Siiliiiiittt^ in c<itii|>li:iiii'>^ u'iil' i','<,iiiii'iiirni» af Kiicliutia I of rivor and
I barbor acto of WOli iHirl I»y7.
2364 REPORT OF TIIK CHIEF OF ENOINKKRS, U. 8. ARMT.
lli:roliT <»r MK. .I. W. AI:KAS. assistant KMilNKKR.
PnTsniitGr Pa.. Jinljf 1, 1S91,
Colonkl: I b:ive the honor to flnhinit the toll owing report u]K>n the improvement
o!" the Allejjhfny River for the lisral year eniling Jnne 30. 1891.
The iiuproveinentH eouti'mphitt'il in your pntjeet for the expenditure of the unonnt
appropriated in the hist river and harhor act were the eompletion of the ilam at
Cornplauter. tlie erei-tiou of (hiuis at Hirkory ;uid Pitliole. the removal of the harat
the foot of Pithole ripple, and the removal of roik and other obstructions at varioiu
plaees alon^ the river. It was decided to do this work l»y hired labor and nnrchase
in open niarkrt. that beinp: I'onsidored the nieihod producing tho best resmts, espe-
cially in the matter of xhv ]>avin>; of the dam. The A])propriation becominff avaua-
Ide too late in the season for extensive operations, work during the fall of 1890 iras
contined to the constnicTion of the Cornplauter dam, and to makiug some slight re-
pairs on the Ked Hank lUke.
Dam at Corn2)lanUr hUuuU, JO-f inilut ahore PUtshHrtf. — The modification of the plan
of the improvement at (.-oruidantcr. whieh was imder consideration attiiecloaeof
the last lisoal year, was earried out. the dam across the left branch of the river at
the head of tlu* island being aViandtmod and one being projected to cross the chute
between the two upper islands. The construction of this dam was commenced in
Auixnst. but the uuusu:illy freiiuent rises of last season interfered so much with the
progress of the work that when, on October 16, high water necessitated a permanent
BUS}>ensiou oi o])erations for the season the dam still lacked 30 feet of closing the
chute. In hastening to sliut ot)' the chute before winter should set in, the abutment
at the root of the dam was left nntinished. thus exposing both banks to wash incase
of freshets or ice gorges. Niu withstanding that the work had ton^main in thiscon-
diti(»u during the winter, tlie only damage dime was to the banks. 90 feet of which
washed away at each e»ide of the chute, operaticms were resumed on June 15, and
at the close of the year the dam was nearly Huished. The structure is 18 feet wide,
3 feet hi:;h above low water, and about H'J.') feet long. An abutment will be built at
each eml of the dam to ]>revent the water from cutting around.
Dam fit Hirkont, 7v' mil<x ahovt /*i//i»fr«n/. — The left bninch or low channel of the
river at Hickory is obstructed at the toot by a number of very troublesome ban,
which spread the water over the cut ire river bed. The right branch is cimipnrativelv
free from obstruct itui. and is generally run by navigators whenever the water is hign
enough. To iui]>rove this point it is ]>roiiosed to close the left ehute at the head of
Ureen's Isljin«l with a low dam. The structure will be a crib work tilled with stone
and ])aveil on the to]): the lower side will have a slope and apron. Its width will be
18 feet, its lieiglit above low water '^ tV'ct. and its length 730 feet. The timber for
this wt»rk is being furnished by Messrs. Wheeler and I >usenburv of East Hickory,
Pa,, who reriMitly h:ul the misiortune to lose their nrineipal mill by fire. Pending
the completion of a new mill, the work of construction of the dam is being delayed.
Dam at I'itlfili. 14" milfs uhovt PitttftHni. — The shoal at this point is one ofthe worst
on the river. The tb'«pi«st water is along the left bank, but it is not practicable for
navigation. The object ofthe dam is to stop the waste of water down the left and
to confine it to the rii:ht (»r navigable channel. It will close the left chute between
the main land and Pithole Island, a distance of 1.2iK) feet. In cross section it is sim-
ilar to the Hiikory I»am. About \aM^) cubic yards \.\t' stone have l>een quarried for
the work, and dritt bolts and coitsiderable timber are on the ground. At the close
ofthe vrar .'»(' fiM't ofthe limber ^\ork bad been put in place.
Jithnn'til lit' bar at Vithttti IHftfilr. — This bar, composed of eimrse gravel and bowl-
ders. i>i loiMtcd n«'arly in tin- niiilille ofthe channel, and is a very serious obstruction
to navigation. <.>p«'r.<tions nn ii.s renuival will be commenced as soon us the water
rea«lu'> a li»wer stage.
Dikt at I*ni Hank IUpph', '■■/ inilet ahorf Piti^hurft, — The paving which had
washed out ilurini; tlie ]irevions winter, in all about 3 S(iuares. whs' restoretl last
season, ami the o}n'n joints ofthe baek slope of the dike tilled with cement grout.
As wa> exiiertrd. tile etb.-rt «»f I hi' dik*» in cutting a new channel was to scour ont
*iuite a nuiiilier ot" laii:e binvbleis. Two hiiudreil and thirty-six cubic yanls of these
were taken out anil ileim-^itiil ah»ng the front ^wall and at the foot of the dike to
proti-it it.
Till- work of ri'iiiovii):: ob>%tiU( tion> fr4im the channel of the river has not been
comnnMicud. a< the wai< r lias not reached a stage at which this work can be done
mo>t aijvantaireou'ilv.
IlNi i:»»\riIMKNTS.
The manner in wliii h tin- AMiu]i»-iiy Kivei i^ being encroaibed upon in the citiM
of Pittsbnr;; and Alli'ulu ii\ ile>iT\t.^ >pi'ii;il note. Primarily the ufiject in dumping
the vifn^i- into tiie livi-rs ha** Imih Niniplx to get riil of it. but rfceiitly uiniiufac*
tnicr>. railroad coiuitanie>. ami oih«-i*«. ami vwn the city of Pittsburg, have been
'BKmX O Q — REPOttT or LIKUT. OOL. MBaBILL. 2365
(inaaSfwl Hv«tematiciilly in filtiujr up as miicli of the river an possible, and In appro-
pnntlng t]i» property tbua tiikeii t-u thnir own tiara. ThlH pritctine has b(«n oiu'ried
nn M> oxUtouvolf thnt in Homo inNtaiict.'S tliQ atresm bas bonii robbed at nne-hnlf ita
vldtb. A nArrow, contracted chnnuel mav not bo hi> objecitjonnble for thtongh
nttvlgatitm, bat for a Itienl nr harbor baalnoss such as exUta nt Pitlabarg, wbnrn
ttmtiMitid* of oraft em mooroil almost nil the time, it requires no iirftnmnut hi show
Ita imj)riuitlcability, iind thn need of all poasihiu room for hiu'bur nnd Innding
Abilities. During 3 yours little heavy ice Uus pa<ue<l out of the uppur rivera, but it
i> certninly only a mattor of time until ibore will be heavy ici>, iiu<I, witli ii narrow
river (tripped of il« uatiiriU Hafo barboiK, it wunid seem altogether prububla that
naorly evorytbing mnorvd uhniK itH bunks nmat be swept nnuy. It la not Biir|)r!iiint;,
Uioii, that uuvigatiirn hIiciuIiI vl<^w Ibo situation with aLtrm, uud vigorously protest
affoiiiat 0 Foil till II iition of tbe evil.
The leases of i>iu'rou('liinunt ou the Allegheny that have beea iuvostigated and re-
poTlnl and the lUspoRitLou luailu of them itre a« follows:
Till! WpBtiirn ri'uiiHjlvuuln Exposition Society, the city of Pittsburiit, and U.'M.
fii);eluw. luakiug au tunbuukment botweun the Sixth Street Bridee and thn " I'uLiit,"
PitUburg. In ivich onse a bill in equity was filed by the United States ntturuoy, and
«t tbo hMrine tbe defeodauli Bleil BttpnlatJoue agreeing to plaeo nothiug luuro into
Che rivw Mualns the ealabllshnient of the United Statea_haihoi lines.
Howe, Brown A Co., Lin
eily of rittsbuT);, making
noliM iciven all parties otopped tilling.
Tho PIttsbnrg uuil Western Hnilwav Compnoy, oonstnictiug a lonndhiiiiHe at Mill
I
., Limited, tbe Pittalinrg Junction Railway Company, and tbe
king an embankment at Twenty-first street, I'lttsbiirg. On
[i the company n
i the part of the strncturo outside of the
u the right side o
nitry iiijiinction was proonred.
lasao Umlg and others, inaklnK an ombonkiuont on the right side of the river below
Ih* t<lxth Street llridga. A bill m equit; has be«n Sled by the Dnit«d States nttor-
I, STATISTICS.
TI.e following Ktnlpment of tlio
ini-ompli'to. but it in bulioved to lie
by Mr. J. W. Arras, rcaUlont engin
t has been compiled
Ar.ic.0.,
Qasntlty.
Artiolm.
qnmtlty.
ro«.
Tom.
lO.tOd
1,140
ii!:^
*KI,WT
2366 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EI^GINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
In addition to the above the following isi an approximate statement of the move-
ment of fommortein the All«»gheny Harbor of the city of Pittsburg :
Articles.
Qnantity.
Carft, loaded
Can.viuittv
Cool
Cias pipe —
Gravel
Monuro
Articles.
Tont.
181.676
34.448
152.000
4. CM >
10.000
20,000
Quantity.
Sand
Kailroad ties
Vegetables .
Total..
Tona.
111.100
14.150
1.0U
535,071
G G II.
DAM AT HERR ISLAND. ALLEGHENY RIVER.
During the lisoal year the land required on both banks of the river
was purchased. The authorities of Allegheny City, to whom the land
on the right bank belonged, sold it for the nominal consideration of $1,
on condition that the dam shimld be a movable one. A petition to the
same etlect was likewise received from the authorities of the city of
Pittsburg, from the Pittsburg Chamber of Commerce, and fit)m'the
Engineers' Society of Western Pennsylvania. In all the petitions the
reason alleged for desiring that the dam be a movable one was the fear
that the height of Hoods in the Allegheny River would be increased by a
fixed dam.
Tlic (luestion of the i)roposed change was referred to the Secretary
of War by the Chief of Engineers, and on September 29 it wa« ordered
tliat tlie (lam at Herr Island be made a movable one. This change in
design necessitated a corresponding change in the estimated cost of the
work: the estimate for the present design is $000,000.
It was supposed that after this action there would be no further cause
for delay, but a number of riparian owners on the leftor Pittsbnrgside
of th(» river, to whoni no allowance for damages had been made, for the
reason that the propciscd lock was to be outside of the high-water line,
brouglit suit in the circuit court of the United States for compensation.
The cast* was placed in tlie hands of the United States attorney for the
western district of Pennsylvania, and at the close of the fiscal year it
had not been argued.
During the year the lot, purchased by the United States as a site for
a lockki'cptu's house, was tilled to the level of the street* without cost
to the (Jovcrnineiit other than the services of a watchman to see that
juoper material was used.
The cufonrd delay was utilized in making drawings of the proposed
lock.
An estimate of j?2(K),000 for continuing the work is herewith sub-
mitted.
For further particulars reference is made to the annexed report of
Mr. J. W. Arras, civil engint^er.
.Uoney statement
.Inly 1. 1S!X\ balanco unox]»onded I68.9ra.69
Aniniint ;ipi»ro]»rijiti'd by act approved September IW IftW 35,000.00
.luuCJt), 1S'.»1. Miiunmt fxpiiub'd iluriiig lisial \ear 3B,906.46
July 1, 1891, balance uutxptuilcd „ 70^648.23
so — ^BEPOBT Of LIEUT. COL. HEBBILL. 2367
BB?ORT OF MB. J. V. AlEI
PllTSBUBO, P*., July 1,
Coi.O!(Br.: I hnvo tbe linnor t*) Bulimit tbfl fi)lIowiiiji report upon tliB (^iinstrii'^tloii
•f the Herr Island Dom, Alleglietij' River, for the fiecal year ciutiu); Juna 30, 18K1 :
At Ihe uloae of the laat flacal year ouly aome formal matters 'ware uecessory to '
placn the Ociveminent in iKiBseasion of the land required for the loct buildings and
•kutmpnt. Tbe deed for th<^ pruperty on Uic PittslinrK side was Teceived and the
price BKKvil upon was paid. The ortlinance grunting to the Ignited States land on
tbtr riKbt bank of the river fot the uliutiuont of tho dam, which hud passed the coin-
moil braui'b of the oonaciln of Alln^heny City, was also possi-d hytho select bnuioli
and niibseqiiently approved 1iy the iiiiiyur. As soon a» it was deeitlod liO constmct » .
inovnbl« iiiateail of a fixed dum the ui]iyor Kxecuttxl a deed lu conformity with the ,
ordiuani^K eunveying the prop«rty tti thu GovitrnmeDt. This der.A Us» since been ap- "
p»Ted bv the Attonii'v-Oeiwral of the Uiiitud States.
With tliK iit-ccMary wnd ptocnred it whs hoped that matters were in ahape to
raiiiiiKinro the work of ronsbniction, but at this point another olnta do wns met. Oa
behalf of lb* vnrioas propTietors of Innd hnck ot iind abnttiiig on thV proponed lock,
and KnbtH walls a bill in equity w:in lili'd in tb.> ciiciiit poiirt of t.he llnitMl Btatea
SrtjilnB fornn h^iini-lion rrslriiJuiiiL M ■. ■ i iiimi.i rriiin IniiUlirijr i(ni lock and.
■ Ill iiiilil Pomiii-iiBiitioii be miiili- |..i .i ■• Mr rl ^'i^ iIm' pinprrty may /
anlfpc throiiRh Itiii I'ti'r^lion of ilii- 1' 1 1 : i !■■! n ■.nl'i nl iln rimrt icquir- ■
llig thn ("Jovortimi'nt to tak<i the pni]. i -r -|.~ i l In- ri;;lil in fniL-iri not walll
tn thoriVRr in front »f thcs»priip<3it«-o. .\l iLc <!...,..- ul the yc-iir Uii- >:iim had not
ttM-n argnnl.
The only work that could be aDcomplished, until the title to the laud is perfect,
WB» to 011 np tho lot proi'iurd on the left bank for the lockkreper's hiiusf-. The
■nr&i^i- of the lot wh-^n purehiiBt-d was abont 8 faet nbovo the low-water level. The
lot, on fkr ont as practioable, until tlit' land wall of the lock is built, was raised to
thti (deTntion of Twenty -second street, on which it fronts, abont 30 li'et above low
water. The embauklul^nt was lundo of mill cind'T, earth, brickliiitf, et'T., wliicb
wwrn delivered KTatis, the only expense to the Government bciiiBthi'hirp uf a wiitcli-
mun to keep out irarbAKe and nther li^ht materials. Abont 8.000 cubic ynrda of
._ . _..... H ptiiced in the cnibiinklnent.
Respectfully submitted.
Your obedient servant,
Col. Wm. K. MEnnii.L,
Corp$ of Engine
J. W. AnRAS,
^>ei>(ant Enginter.
ICE-HARBOR AT MOUTH OF MUSKINGUM RIVER, OHIO.
Tlie ice-harbor is the lower pool of the .Muskingum River, whieli has
licen create<l by the slack-water dam at Marietta, and the object of the
work under connideration is to build a passway tbrough tliis daui of
surh size as will permitOhioKiver packets and coal fleets to take refuge
from ice in this pool. The pasKway in question consistsof a lar^^e lock,
which, owing to tho local conditions controlling the only available site,
had to be built with independent axes of cntnmcc and exit, the angle
between these axes being 11° 15'. This involved the necessity of widen-
ing the lock chamber at both cmls so as to permit boats to change di-
rection while in the lock. The plan of the lock chamber i» therefore
somewhat like an hourglass, the lock being narrowest in the middle.
2368 REPORT OF XIIE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. B. ARMY.
The maxiinnm rectangle which can be passed through the lock has
leDgth of 365 feet and a width of 5(5 feetv The work has been in p«)
ress since 1880, but has been kept back by inadequate appropriatioi
and the occasional absence of any appropriation. The river and harb
act of September 19, 1890, contained an appropriation of $30,000 i
this work. As this appropriation was not available until late in tl
autumn, and the season had been a very wet one, it was judged best
do such work a^ could be complet^Ml without unwatering the lock, h
to postpone any extensive work until the spiing of 1891. Being in fa
a part of the Muskinj>^um Kiver, this work was placed under the lot-
charge of Lieut. ('. E. (lillette. Corps of Engineers, whose report
herewith submitted. The foreman of the work is Mr. A. Morris,
whose practical skill and fidelity the Government is very much i
debted.
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, halanco unexpended $2S7.
Amount appropriated by ai.-t api)roved September 19, 1S90 30, 000.
30,287.
Juno 30, 1891, amount expanded during? liH<*al year 10,173.
July 1, ISiM, ])alan(.*e uiiexp<Mided 20,114.
July 1, 1891jontslandiuj? liabilities 6,017.
July 1, 1891, balance available ^ 14,097.
REi»OKT OF lii:lti:nant c. k. gilt^ttk, corps of engineers.
United States Engineer Office,
Zaneavillef Ohio, July 9, 1801
Sir : I have to Rubniit the following report of wt>rk on the Ice harbor at tho mou
of the MuHkin;iuni Kivt'r. Oliio, for the liHcal year endini^ Jnne 30, 1891.
Tiie approjiriatioii for this work became avaibiblo September 19. 1890, which \i
too ialr lo justify br«:iniiiii«; work with full ibn^e liefore tlie following flprin;;, nnhv
rivrrs w-«'n* quiti^ hiirli. A hniix strrtcli <»f riv<.*.r wall, liowever, larked litth* exer
eo]»ini^. One Inindrrd and scvcuiy-tive fret of this was C(»mpleted between Octol
20 and Dcimnljer I»l. tbr luasour.v Im-iuj^ Iai<l with a erane boat. Work was earri
on without lut< riuption from Mareb liO to the cloHC of tln^ fiscal year, at whie.h «1;
tbr masonry of the rivur wjill is ««»mplete. Tlii» land wall is complete for a distar
of 2H() feet iVom the upprr end. Tin* balance of the wall, 155 feet, is 12 feet alxj
the. low»'r niitrr sill. Tln" miter sills are coni])lete, and the upper gates are in pn
tion. About l.UM) yards of masonry reiuains to be laid.
St(Uie frcMu tin; rivrr wall of old Loek No. 1, Muskingum Kiver, was larp^ely ua
in the upprr roursi's of tlir low('r half of the river wall. If unexpeetcd delays do ii
oerur, tlu' masonry of this hn-k will be (•om])leted before August 15. Tlie loVk, ho
ever, ran not be madr availabh; till a draw is placed in the railroad bridge just 1
low it.
Very respectfully,
Cafwiiis E. Gillette,
First Lieutenant of Engineen,
Lieut. Co}. W. K. Mkkhill,
Cor^JS of EngincerSy U, S, A.
r
APPENDIX OG — RISroBT OV lAKUT. COL. MERKILL. 2369
GG13.
IWPROVKMENT OV MnsKINQOM RIVEIt, OHIO.
TliU rciiort is lijiiiti'il to work ciu-nwi on urider the apitroiiriatiou of
AatfiiFit II, 1H8H, lor tiiu wm«traction of 11 Iwk at Tayloraville nwl the
rfr..ic^inii-ti.iti 111 tlic lock iit ZaiieNVille. It is under the local cliurgc of
U.iLT, (', !■;. i;jl!.lli\ ( '.iiiis of Etiffineera.
Tlii^ vMiili Ml III lir ill nil- 18 to build and erect lower lotik gat«8 at the
T;iyl"i-\illr I...rk, In liniiil a ciiidint; rrib above tJie rircr wall, and to
open a chanrn't throii^li tlic hfil rmk bi'l.iw the lower end of the lock.
This hist id the only work tli:Li li:is li.i'ii luinhKl during the year, as the
other items ran be :i(ti'iLi!i'il to ill jiny tiiiH>, and it is unadviKiible to
build lork gjitcB ami criiw iiiLtil tlu-y ;iir in'Mjed for use. This will not
iw the case until a draw is |.l:iiril in Ibo 'ritvlnrMvilli' mid Dinicnn Falls
Bridge, that croasc« the MiLskiiij^iiiii IIIv.t just bvio« (lie lock. Tlio
i>i>miiiiHHionerHOf MuHkinKoiiL I'dUiiiy, tn whom tin- biiilfrc bi-lonjjs, liavu
been ordereil to change it, and havi* been given nnt.il Seplenibcv 'M,
1S91, to do B(». TlniH far they have ina<ie no move towiuds obeying tli«
rtttler.
The work of oi>euiiig out the channel below new lot^k. No. W, at Tay-
Wrtvllle, wiw ttegun JiUy 2;i und closed November 1, 1890. High water
intei'fered very materially with the work. Work was reunnKtd May
i.'i Hiid is still in jtrogresti. Seven thousand Ave hundred yards «f earth
Mn<l l,ti(HI yaitls of rock have been excavated. The work was done
under iirotecliou of a coHerdaiu, and is now about one-fifth completed.
Moury nlatement .
.riilv 1. IBWi. iiiOiiinc iiiirijitmU'd ; Vm, 131.SS
Jii[ie3l). Iitill.iiiiioiiiil oxpuiiiUid iIiiriiiK liH<'i>l year 3,820.09
Jiilv I.IMSI, Lnbiiio iiii.\].riiilpii 35,301.24
,Iuly 1, l«91..nitNlHiiiliLij;liiibiliti.'s 1,805.80 .
July 1, l.«i!H,l>iiliiiKoav:iil!,l.l,- 33,405.M
OPKIiATEMi AXDC AKf': or LOCK-S AMI l)AM« 0\ MUSKISGUM RIVER, OHIO.
The season of I .-i.S! !-"!«» was not a foitUTiate one for river work, but it
was n..tliiufr .oiiipan-d to the sea.soii of l«!lll-1ll, which was extraordi-
narily uufavorabic, the siLiiiULer and autumn having been phenomenal
for liigh wiitei' and Hoods during tlie period when kiw water \n anttci-
|)ated. and when rejiairs must be made it at all. The ftiitt that the
.-oiiutiesof Muskiugnmaud Morgan, through which the Muskingum
lii\ er riows, lost '■if/litf/ loniLly biidges during the tis4-al year, and that
railway traffic along the banks nft lie river was si^veral times sto|iped by
the loss of Iiridgi-s and trestles, will give some tndieutiou of thedifficiil-
tics that Ix'set llie work of n-buildiiig the looks itnd dams.
During the year Dam No. 1 at Marietta, l>am Xo. 0 atStoekport, and
Dam No. S at Kiigiepint gave wav, and up to the end of the flsK-al year
it had iH-eii impossible to repair llie breaks. The bank behind the
abutment of Dam No. 4 at lieveily broke thiwigh ouo night without
wanting, but the dam and abutment remained intact. At the close of
ENG 91 149
I
the Rscal year tlie break Uivd been repaired, us tlie 1*681111 of a jierHenT
ing and maaterly content agaiust hcAvy odds, the details nf wliluh an
given in the annexed i-pport of Lieutenant Gillette.
At the eloae of the year the repairs on Locks 3 and 4 had bt*ii wm-
plnted, and these locks wwe open to navigation. The repairs oii Tam*
8 were completed, but the cofferdaniH had not yet been reuiuvML
Locks 6 and 7 were still unfinished, but in eiLch case the difficult wurk
was over, and final socceas was merely a matter of time.
In reconstructing the Muskingum locks iwl vantage has bef n takcM v(
the opportunity to make the system uniform by correcting all errors in
length and width, by giving uniform guards, so that all locks will b«
, submerged at about the same epocli, by giving equal depths throiiglmnt
on all miter sills, and by introducing improved valves and apparatns
for handling the gates. Wlierever the heads of locks were rebuilt,
stone miter sills were luid, and the lock was filled through a transverse
culvert, discharging by a number of issues under the miter sill, aoii
supplied iiyjin vertical wells at each end. The viilve used in every case
was the low cylindrical valve of Moraillon, described in the Annaks dfs
Fonts et Chanaa^a for 1880, which is used on the Central Canal of Franc*
an(i has proved a remarkable success on the Muskingum. As this tyjie
of valve retjuires a vertical discharge, it is not well adapted to use in
emptying locks, and for this purpose balanced valves on a vertical shaft
have been chosen. These also work very easily and satisfactorily, the
only objection being that ttiey can not be made water tight.
At ail locks, recessed ladders of ii-on have been introduced for con-
venience in the service of the lock, and as a life-saving precaution. The
latest practice is to nee four ladders, two at each end.
Aa mueh trouble and expeaoe ivre annually incurred in keopiug the
canals clear of mud, short sections of net-die dxiu have been built lu^ruivi
the heads of the loeka at Lowell (No. 3) and Dc\'i'rly (No. 4) in onler to
flush out tliese canalR. It is possible with tlit-se diuus to open both nols
of gates, and to send a powerliil current through tht! canal and Uiu
lock. An yet there has not been time to tj'st th<^ iiracticability of keep-
ing the canal clear by this method. The uee<Ue dam st^lected is that in
use at the Port d I'Auglais dam since its roconstructioii, tlie ne«^dk'S
being provided with the hook devised by M, LavoUfie, chief 4;j]gine«r
of Fonts et ChaunH^es.
The following is a list of bridges on the Mnskiugiim ICiver which thi)
Secretary of War has ordered to be changed mth a view to removing
the obstniction to navigation, and a statement of the action Ihns to
taken under these orders:
Fifth Street Bridge in Zaneaville. — ^The work of rebnildiug this brid^v
JB advancing rapidly.
MtUn Street Bridge in ZaneitPiUe. — Nothing has been done tiiwnrdB
altering this bridge. The time has heen extende«l to December 1, 18!Kf,
TaylorsmUe and Duncan i'allt Bridge. — Nothing has yet lieen done
towards altering this bridge.
Beverly and Waterford Bridge. — The alterations to this bridge are wdl
under way.
Jlj^er bridge over Loicell Canal. — Nothing has been dune townrda
altering this bridge. The bridge will probably be abandoned, but Uio
matter is in abeyance, awaiting the results of some modifications re-
cently made in the Lowell Canal.
Railroad Bridge at Marietta — Nothing has yet beea duuo towiu-dd
altering this bridge. ^^h
APPENDIX G 0 REPORT OF LIEUT. COL. MEERILL. 2511
Fur fiirtlitr dittiiil^ rermonce is made to the aunexed report of Lieut.
C. E. Gillfttc, Corps of Engiiie«M, who bae been iu local charge througli-
out tlie y<5ur.
Tiie followind Uible showa the (wiidition of the leases oii the Mua-
kintnun Itivw during tin* pimt yesir and the ainnmita collected, all of
which have biseu dcpusilitd to the credit of the Trea:*iirerof the United
8tatv«. The iiuioiititH are Icnk tlian UKual on acx-ouut of the rebates
allowed for failure of water by the breaking of the dams.
■ding JjiHl SO, ISn.
J............. ..
:::::::::'-.i:i;Lsi;:«::::;::::
Uay lIlKBU
S' iiSS
Nov. SO. 1887
Uny 1.18W
Mmy '.van*
^ ;ffi
Uay .iSn
Nor. 1.1903
"■&.'■»»
:::::::::|gn^.^M«i
jiiy i.ism'
Apr. %im
July 1,ISI»
Apr. a, IBM
8jmmMCr»k
2372 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
MHskingnm Hirer leascnfor year ending April SO, 1891 — Continued*
Ix>88oe.
Subject.
I*lio(»iiix Mill Company
(rat OH & J*aviio
Milton Kinjc * \...a\o
V. Wilkinp & ( :<). : do
Do ! . . . a\o
KwliHtcinor Kros. t i - . .<lo
Do do
E. W. Sprajmie
(Joorp* Hire
KobbiuH liros
Stiill fi J iiniiMT do
H.C.niildwint :....do
(ieor;;o S. WorHtell I do
Marv L. Baldwin t ' do
l)o do
D.T. Brown t ....do
Do ....do
I. D. SiMM ncrt j do
Inane I). S]MH)ni>r -. . do
JoMcph Nt'wlKJiry do
E. M. Stanbcrry f ' do
John MiUer: [....do
Frazier &. Son * ' do
Drone & Co\ | do
John T. Drone do
Edward Johnson t ' do
Do ...do
Do l....do
Jowj)h Shaw t do
Do I .... do
Garv Bros. & Silvoyt '. . . .do
Dot ! Land
Doll '....do
Do**
(rary &. McLaughlin
Bi'auuiont 6l Blankonbuhlcr
AVatiT-power .
do
Land
...do
AVa tor-power
Watcr-iiower
...do
...do
Sarah V. Pluntm»r ft I Land
Total.
Cnbic
fret of
water per
minute.
3,000
9.000
2,600
7,280
4,' 446
1,904
5,293
5,600
5*666
6,500
4,000
6. .390
(II)
(ID
Annual
rental.
$350.00
108.00
100.00
174.72
106.70
5.00
6.00
100.00
127.03
11^.21
100.00
118.30
100.00
230.01
Rebate Bents
allowed, colleeted.
$303.87
$46. »
108. W
34.81
44.26
174. 7J
106.70
5.00
&00
65.16
82.78
89.81
74. 4S
84.84
I
65.16
4L23
77.67
34.81
f9.r2
'65.'i8
130.73
7,560
6,020
7,397
4,619
4,794
4,704
7,741
453.60
301.74
448.82
207.85
186.97
186.97
278.66
453.60
36L74
448.82
907.85
132.44
54. 5S
278.68
2,939.69
* LoBnee insolvent. Water slnit oft*.
tCaneeledMay 1.1H90.
* PeriK'tual, free leaHO of water-power.
§ F!non;;h toproix'l 10 nin of 4' 5" niill-stoncs.
II Enou;ih to })roj)rl 15 run of 4,J' mill-rttone.««.
1i Jieviwable license; <'anceled May 1, 1H90.
** Lejise transferred to Gary A- McLaughlin, .January 16,1891.
tt TerniH, 5 years in atlvauce.
Entimati' for fiHcal year ending June -iOj 1S02.
Lock and Dam No. 1 $11,000
Lock and Dam No. 2 12,000
liock and i )ani .\o. 3 4, 000
Lock and Dam No. 4 4,000
Lock and I )am No. 5 7, 500
Lock and I )ani No. t) 20, 000
Lo<*k an<l 1 )ani No. 7 1(5, r»00
Lock and I )am No. S 38, (X)0
Lock and Dam N(k \) 2, 000
Lock and Dam No. 10 2,000
Lock-kccjK'i'M' HalaiicH 7, 000
r. S. stcanuT J >//</ 4, r»00
1 )rcd«^in;j 15, 000
Clerks and draftsmen 6,200
Kent, fuel, and ^as 300
Survey 200
C'ont indigencies 5, OOc)
7'ohil 155,200
iliblX 0 0 — EBPOBT OF LiElJT COL. MBBWLL. 2373
Ilirfr/or lhrji«™l j/tor fuding Jane k
OBNEBAL A IIMINIST RATION.
;; llm lorki nnd daou
AuuM...
a?;.-.
BTiW
OS.TS
pJliAm
^SyMbw..
Sbreh...
iS;:::
VH.M
1.UKI»;e MALTA.
Rci»lr».
.:, »i«,j9 ■ K«,w
•3C£.C3
4,216.00 ; ]!,0W.»
2374 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMT.
Detailed siuiement of expenses incuired for operating and maintaining tk^ lodkt ami
on the Muskingum liiver, etc, — Continued.
TJ. S. STEAMER VEGA.
Month.
July
August ...
September
October ...
November.
December .
January. . .
February..
March
AprU
MSy
June
Total
Salaries.
Equip-
ment.
Supjklies.
Bepain.
TotaL
$287.08
831.30
360.25
358.80
355.00
355.05
352.50
354.30
196.50
60.00
60.00
383.00
$1.95
$1.72
2.00
$1.75
8.07
$S91M
XML 87
2.55
22.51
an. 80
3.90
.60
.60
6.18
.35
13.87
2.80
.80
898.56
Sfifl M
.60
867.06
866.68
864.66
f
1.60
2.60
198.10
6L68
•
60.00
888.68
3,403.78
27.61
16.85
25.98
8,472.18
LOCK AND DAM No. 1.
July
Aucnat —
September.
October ...
November.
December .
January...
February..
March
April
May
June
Total.
Month.
Labor.
$1,801.54
3,042.79
553.67
601.17
28.05
130.77
106.15
832.82
283.95
698.89
7,580.40
MateriaL
$615.54
4,05L19
189.10
502.42
240.76
855.68
1,906.59
295.73
930.89
186.09
1.698.09
11,562.69
Supplies.
$28.56
126.63
1.96
13.00
6.95
176.00
Boat and
engine bire.
$14.00
6L00
140.00
93.60
82.60
63.60
488.60
ToteL
$2.
7.
1,
1.
2.
468.64
270.61
884.18
881.91
08&90
012.74
084.60
214.84
180.60
096.00
096.89
19,76L50
LOCK AND DAM No. 2.
Jul V
A 111/118 1 '
Smtciiihor
10.05
'16.05
October
1
\<)V<*nil)f r
1
•
Dt'CCllllMT
i
•Taiuitirv
8.40
It5. 55
1
8.40
KcbniJirv
1 * * *
35.55
IM u I'v h
31.20
1
81.20
A TH'il
1
Mav
::::::::::::i::::::::::::
JllIH' '
1
1
Total
01. 20
1
91.20
0
LOCK AND DAM No. 3.
Juiv
l,40fi.21
Sbo. 18
147. IM)
40. (K)
*JL'. :ir.
44JI. 8.'>
;m. 15
120.40
lU 45
], 270.14
700. 54
5T.i. 81
.•J. 58
2.V.K 17
228. 07
1.70
805. 15
.58
87.05
.18
2,682.03
Aii«'uk1
24.00
1, 15.1. 67
Si'i»t«'tiil)<'r
721.89
i^^i t\\\i*V
4:t 58
^ovoiiiImm" .••..•...••.
281.62
1 )r<'«'iiil»("r . -.
.85
67s. 77
Jamiarv
',M. 91
l*'«'hniarv
.40
925.95
Xf 'iri'li
12 45
Aiiril
May
4.20
2«7. 8(1
977. US
;i,i<7il.47
\
184. 4:{
7.40
108. 8<)
*75
.•..■••••••a
18r<.0:;
27.5. 95
Jiiiie
1,086.78
Totrtl
. 4,154.85
40.71
24.00 8.090.03.
APPKNLtlX a a — BEPOET OP "LIEUT. COI.. HEItKIIJ.. 2375
LOOK AND DAU No. 4
Monlh-
Labor.
MaterUl.
BappU<».
BMtnul
ToW.
J 1
8, 1W.TB
4.SW.20
s,»i.i.a
B.1M.M
2,T08,*H
i,a«s.«i
i.wi.ni
a.!3»!.Bl
1.10
88.87
21 ;s
W.88
*37l>.00
ITB-DO
1115.00
lui.iw
llg!75
184. 7S
tXlSCkW
fl:*8i.a
Ksr -
i:iSi:«
ig^::;:::::;:::::::;:;:;:;r:::::;::.
!,UL«a
4S,80I>.NI
i2.ta.3t
8W.M
■
LOCK AUD DAU IfO. «.
13. IB
10. a)
8.18
Maes
11
aw, 00
iM.8i
'"■"
LOCK AND DAM NO. 9.
,.„,.
F-bn.»rj-
«?':;:::;;:.:
LOCK AND DAM NO. 7
I"lv ' ' 2 325 IS 1
129.10
,„,.
2»4,SS
1,251.27
2.3«I,2i
moi
'^i - — ■." T.^
2376 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. B. ARMY.
Jh'taUed statemrHl ofexpvHBes inrifrrfff/or ojtcralimg find waiftamiMf the toekammiiMwu
on the MuskiagMm Hirer, ffr.^-ContinntHl,
LOCK AND BAM NO. 8.
Month.
Labor. I Materia).
Julv $2,619.47' $2,750.04
Auiruftt 4.0-28.05 I 3.700.85
Scpt<*iulH>r :j.t»ftt>.8,"i L421.48
October 3.4;C>.80 3.481.10
Noveuibt-r •.».4fi»).4e S. 135.97
I>ec«»nil>or 2.miJ. 16 03.99
Janiiarv l.*j:W.79 301.00
FebniaVv 74B.49 478.70
Munh.*. ;H8.12 11.23
April 2U.03 l,'i5.72
May 1.821. W 1,021.70
Juno 2.996.06 105.00
Total 24.853.42 15.076.84
SuppliM.
Boat and
engliie him.!
$121.79
129.92
03.57
55.85
110.03
117. OS
90.80
5.00
90.60
730.56
$51.00
3L00
30.00
70.07
89.00
87.00
Tbial.
$Si.5llSi
7.890. 12
4.007.99
7. 018.98
4,78Sl4«
2.^11.77
i.aM.a
1.»L19
IISlTS
2.WiLll
& 101.01
3U.07 41,5Hl«
L0CT5: AXP DAM NO, ».
Jnly
Anjmst - . .
S«*pt€TlllMT
(K'tolHT . ..
NovonjlHT.
iKHVnilHT .
Jann.Hry . . .
IVlmiarv .
Manh .*..
April
May
Jmir
553.75
40.35
123.15
215.88
18.14
32.56
379.00
01.79
.1.
41.82 !
I.
19.25
S3. 00
40.35
IflLlS
948. 40
0L07
I
Total.
1. 354. 55
134.70
1.111.11
LOCK AND DAM NO. 10.
July
Auirust —
S**pti'iiib»M' .
( N'tttlHT . . . .
NoVrmlMT. .
IHh'i-iuImt . .
Jainiaiy ..
>Vlii nary . .
Marrli
April
May
J urn-
•
Total.
49.02 I
147.50
79.80 I
x». lb '
«:i0.o7 ;
6.V». 74 !
i:i7.fl« .
42. TA
30.40 '.
21.20 '.
43.40 '■
4.48
102.18
5.00
837.42
719.73
188.99
66.00
49.10
2.407.(U 2,033.56
I
1.43
78.1
ni.ii
1,S7.09
i,r
117.09
l0BLn
19L40
41.S9
Summarjf.
(•••Doral administration $10,377.44 I..4k'1c and Dam No. 0..
T'.S..lnilu«- Malia 12.o«i0.84 I.ork and IHwn N«. 7..
v. S. ftraim-r W-^n 'A. 472. 7.1 Iah.-]l aiiil Dam No. 8 ..
].«M*k and l>ain Ni«. 1 19. 7.')!. .'tO ].<H'k anA Dam No. 9 ..
Link and I>aiii N.'. J J»l. 20 I^K-k anrt Dam No. 10 .
l.mk anil l>aiu NL. :! 8.(HW.03
Lock and I>aiii No. 4 :»7.!M:>.y7 ; Total
Lock and 1 >ani No. ,'> 677. 71
•MLU7.n
SwO&lS
i,su.n
.(TKSliIX on — IJKI'Dlfl' or I.IKIT. COL. MEKRiU-. 2377
■ .-. 1S9I.
Ri(ir«Hhnvi')i<KilIrv-J, ■:■ I; . ., I Ni.. Tnisr' «L-vi'r;ilfcc-( nltliii
ralr ofu fiHit in 1^ tiiiimi uli (liere wim little ur no rniu ill
ZantMville, an iiia[giiilii n i >-«' ilaringalocul st»rui ton tor-
leiilKevi'Ta] liiiii<ln>il I'l L i .in. ..lii ,.:i_ , . :,i i iiifnofheav.v tlrlft. DuriniitUB
above fnnr montlia no li'-; lIi.lii -j inqi .1 llhi i>iiil;;in, Hptranluc tribuUiriM 01 Ui«
Hnskiu^UR, wore iliisti'iiy I'll in Miocrnmtiiw niMiisliiii;{iiiii »iiil Miirjj^AUiiloni-, Maiiy
•mkllr'r one» wen damaged or deatroyeil, Ifailur tlicsu conilitiune Uiu vrurk wu
neccMarily nlow aiid i<u«tly.
LOCKS anh nAMS,
July 10, »nd » uew m
alMvMt. A rrib 210 feel luni; i>
of til.' Il.'» ,-]..,.,., una ;. rn,v ,.f
111.-111. Klul in ii f•'^v riMiiiii.'» ml ^ < tiniii.i'l Mriiiitnl 1)1.' :.lnitiii.'iit a>>.»it T-'i l'<-<-l widr,
till' uIkiIv riv.T ,i.,h,-: iliii>ii;;li Ihi' \n.-.ik. 'I'li.liil tVi r nl il^iiii iii'M lilt' iilxitinnit wiia
I.M' „r il.i- .i;ini na«;,l lTi'.-'ii..i-mitl .i.'i'.Mi, riir c'x:„-t .aii^r of tliw :iix'id«ut IB iiucer-
l»iii. Til.' ii>.ii(uit>i]l »:ts .11. ]>ill[i^'. 1I11' K.H loin ol' \\,r ]i1»ir<iriD boiiit; 2.3 fiwt
l».1.>»- til., aprnii nf 111.- .liun. Tli.- iiiHt.i i:.l ^il.oul lb.- VL.-iiiit.y w.is (if 11 nail.lv na-
tiii-,' .■in.l .asLlv MiiMlu'il. Till' ii.'ciil.'iil iv:ir. ].r.>)i:il.lv.lm' t.i the fiH't tliilt tht Ixitluln
of Ih.-^i1iimii.'iit Wiis t.Hi hiyh Mitii 1 . f.i-.n.-.' In tin' tot' ..f tb« iIhIiI iiud lliat it was
]i.<i iii.liisi-il iviih sli.-.'l jiiliiifT .ni.ilii'f |ir.>i.'i-iiiiiL, SimnKM ormnall leaks, aided l»y
ili.' r.-;i.ti'ni l.iliiw tin* .I;iiil, iiiiilulily i.i.ik lln' niiiieriiil I'riim iiiuont; the iiiliog
ii.-:iih- tu til.' upin-f.Liii of ilii-;i)iiitiii.'iit, cir ii.i-«llilv lieyou.l it, and the livdruHtatic
iir-^ssiiri' cflli.' Miiii.'i- ini.il lli.ri imiimiI a lin;ik thMjiijjh til.- wall of earth tliiw left.
Thin liroakiiii: tliri>iii.'li iii:i> Iiiix' 1i.< 11 :iiili'il i>y I'l'.Hioii from al>»vH. Duriii|; thepre-
viiiiiH n-inti-r iiLi .'.l.k iif lun^uli l;iIiIi ]hiiiil- i'li'i.'lii]M'.i nlnve the nbiitiueiit, due ap-
jiari'iitlv I" till- kIi:!]!.' nf 111.' i.;iiik. Tlii- <-iit nwiiv tin- liiiuk coiiHiderablv, Hud at a
]ii>iiit nlxiut l(Hif,-,i ii)>,iriMiii irnid ili,- Ml.utiiii'nt llo'i-nttinff wan i|iiitedeep, 10url2
f.-.-t Im'I'iw tiLi'ir.-l nfili.-.liiiii. It i. |ins~ilil.: tliiit iLsimilai-deep«niiit(mnyliftV(< t:<ken
]ilai*<- near eLiniiuli tn tin ^jUiiliiifiit i.> :iiil in tliti lireak. 'Hie eiittiliK (if tliu iNiiik
was xliipjH-d ;il tin- tliin t>y lliint\iii^ in riililiWtoiie. The lireuk lunNt have liecn
l>r.':ik. The.l.'ptli at Di.- I.k- nl III.- iiliiilnn'iil n.i^'J fei-t mi tin- Hhi>r.:' side aiid llj
23TS RKrORT OF TlIF CHIEF OF ENGINn:EI?S, U. 8. ARMT.
fo(»t on tlio rivoT suh\ rv^vn'oi] to tlie t<M» of tli<* «l;nii :is ziTo. Tin* Imrk Bkeeiinjsof
rlic tiam wai^ from 1(> to 20 ffct lone: »ii<l Ava8 nut tlistiirlHMl. Wurk of ck»-
iii^ the break was Itoicnn at once. Owing to the Rtrong current nnder the
corner of tho ainitnicnt. and to the fact that the wash extended nearly to tlw
bottom of the pilin<;, it was unsafe to close the break ai^inst the abutment, and a
brush ami ston(^ cotfordam was accordin;;ly thrown across from a point of thieahon
to the dam at a point about 80 feet from the abutment. This waa nniahed in Anginst.
It was raised to tlie li«'i<;ht of about 4 feet a1>ove tlio crest of the dam. Under its
protection a crib was built runnin<; directly upstream from the abntment. Tlua was
to be a t'onndation for tho embankment cb)sing the break. The floo<l of August 90
severely tried the ))rush cotft>rdam and tore out the crib. The cofferdam waa not
injured. The renewal of tlie crib was innnediat^ely befpm, and a line of aheot piling
was driven nearly around the abutment. Theilootlof SeptcmlierlS again took ontpart
of the crib. The coti'er stood till tlie l.^th, when the end of it next the damwaacanied
away. It stood all ri^ht till a lar;;e tree proing over the dam ranght and tore away
the work protectinix the end of t he coffer on the dam. Tlie dam itaelf waa aomewliat
injuretl. but did not break. The width of the jxap aronnd waa more than doubled.
Tlie lateness of the season made it necessary to do most of the work of elofduKthe
break in the cofferdam at a comparatively lii<;h stajs^. This waa a very difficult
o]>(>ration, but by usiuj^ lar;s:e bowlders and one or t wo large trees, with an abunduoe
of brush and stone, it was accomplished early in October. The flood of October 15
came befon^ the cofferdam was raised to its fnll height, bat did little damago.
After that the coffer was raised to 12 feet aliovc the dam, and there were no danger-
ous lloods till February 17. when the river rose to a height several feet above any
flood since 1SS4. Work had in the mean time been pushed aa rapidly as poaaible, but
it was not yet tinished. The embankment was nearly to the height of the abutment^
but the levee connecting it with the hi«;h-water;;roundwaa incomplete, and the rivur
was still narrowed by the cofferdam. It was necessary to work a large force day
and ni«j:ht to keep the work above the rising; river, bntit waa finally aceompliahed
and no dama^xe done. Since then work has been prosecuted without aoriona inter-
ruption, and at the close of the year the dam is repaired, the embankment ia prmeti-
cally eom]»leted. and the removal of th«' cofferdam has been liegnn.
Tiie lock bcinp: i" had shape, advantaj^e was taken of the drawing down of the
pool to lu><rin re])airs on it. New miter sills, new <-ylindrical filling valvea, and new
^ates were ])ut in. The walls were thorouj;hly repaired with concrete, ndaedtothe
standard heio;ht. and dressed back to the standard width. Tlie lochia now in opera-
tion and is in lirst-class condition.
Lot'k and Pain Xo. 6\ Stockport, — Work at this point suffered severely ftom the flooda.
The brush and stone coffer a round the break in the dam was completed in July. Under
its protect ion the frame cotter around the lock was completed just in time to be deetruy ed
by the flood of August 26. The brush coffer was not damaged, howeTer, and the
frame one was replaced as rapidly as ]M>ssible. only to be entirelv carried away, togeAer
with a ]>art of the brush cofler. by the tiood of .September 13. Tlieeecofferdama wereall
morel iian eipial to the demands of an ordinary season, but were utterly unequal to the
floods I liat came a;rainst them. The lateness of the season. together with thedeairability
of pTdlon.ifin;^ the river wall a few yards upstream, so that the dam could be renewed
betore \\ inter, made it apparently advisable to use hastily constructed coffera rather
than lose valuable time buildini; more substantial ones. This appUea onW to the
frame coder, that of brush and stone beiu;; built in the strongest practioable man-
ner, it is ]>robab1e that no cotVer of reasonable cost, on the smooth rock around die
lock, would have stood tho flood of Seiitember 13, which entirely-carried away lane
^dimension stones and heavy cribs filleu with rubble. The bases of the dorrieka in
the lork chamber, the )Miniping eii>rine and pump, and 2 hoisting enginea were all
carried away, but were afterward recovered. In order to trv to rebuild tibe land
wall beioie winter, a cofferdam was built down the middle ot^ the chamber in Octo-
ber, but in tile flood of October l.S this was mostly destroyed. The break in the dam
bein;; next to the lock, made it ditlicult to hold a colfer aronnd the lock till the dam
was elnscd. and there was no time to do that. Work was stopped in tilie middle of
November. Hurin^ the winter advanta;]:e was taken of a period of low water to
buihl a siib>«l:intia] crib parallel to the lock wall and outside the site of the eoffar-
d ini. I'nder its ]»rottM-tion work was resumed early in the spring and haa been car-
ried on witliont interrnptitm to the pre.<ient time, when the land wall ia completed
for a (lisi.inee of (>l feet from the lower end. its height being 29 feet 1 inch aboTO the
lo\\er niiier sill : the next 67 iWi of w*all is 14i feet above the lower sill. The riTor
wall is ((iiiipleted tor a <listanec of Gl feet from the lower end, and the balance iaS
feet abitNe the lo\v«T sill. The lower ^ates are built. The brush coffer around the
break in tlie dam is eom]deted and work on the dam will be begun shortly. If the
babniee of the Season is reasonably favorable the work can be completed in October.
While the pool was lowered last season the abutment was repaired with eonciete.
Lock itnd I tarn Mo. 7, McCunmlnrillv. — It was found that the part of the laadwnU
■ ArrENDIX no RKi'UliT OF LIEUT. COL. MKRRILL. 237D
Diut iijiiHsareil eond ciii>n;;1i to ntpnir rnie in vtrj- bud Bliani\ thft tav« liitine ntiiinut
»iiUr«lj' Honantifit from tliP bo-I.v of tlia wall, ami it wna drniiliiil to Iniir down iJio
whulv Willi. Work WOB cjirrlwl on to Ihp close of tlie sunson, wlifiiovnr tlin strici^ of
wattir wiiild iiormit. Diiriag the Unit part at the present leiuoii, tlie work M'tne
Willi :ii)vniii«<l Ailil iiut linMe to (Inniaco, and Id view of h prelialile Bliortogo of Aliuta
lixriiri' ll»i I'nd of the flsciil yenr, tliix work wm not ntiirti'd till it w&a oeitaiu thitt
no tiniii wimlil be lost at St^ckyuit fov luck or fiiiiilB. At present the work Ih going
on rii()iiily ; the laud wall la ready for cnjiina for a distance of 121 foct fVotn the
lownt end, Hiid the balance is ready for the foundation conrses. The river wall la
nomnlt-ted for a dintnuco of 10!> (evt from the lower end; the nest 50 ft^Bt ia I'eftdy
fgr th« csipiuft ; the baluncA is nearly ready for the foundation conrgea. The Inwsc
'Uitor sill Ix eonijilctdd.
During "'
Kktu for
innde.
Lork and l>am ,Vo. S, Eaglrjiorl. — The plnit wm to ri>bnlM tlie grenter part of tho
dam, miBini! it nbont 4 tivt. Thr unfiivornlile mrnBon pruventod tliis, and no work
■t bII an the diim would have bi«n uttompted. ext-ept thnt the middle third of tUc
dam wM old and rolt«n, and there wan n break iu the npper part of it tliut wna
liwble to very ninifh enlarge if left over winter: so it waa deternuiied to rebuild the
ariddle tllird of tfae dam, and more if prartirnhlv. A rofTprdam of bmiih and ntime
woa begun oroilnd it in July, and h pnrt oC thf dnm was torn o>it in f^epd-inUer.
The Dnod of S<*pt<?uiber 13 lir-k.' tlm eoffi.Td:i!ii. i-m! Liijiirfd tbd dam its.'If ti. r.<.iiie
eiteiil. Tb.> i-..Hor was n-bi.ill, biil not ur.n.ll.'.t, nln'ii Ih.' 11 1 nC n, t , i.f
took a pari uf il ont. -ind l>ef..n- it «iibsi.i.d Iti. .Inm i;i,v n .n iiilli.. jin.M|.>: iil.i.iil
one-fuiirtb of it wunt a*av, find lh.> now clopp IfMni-ii Ilic liri'^ik iin.l iXw W-V ivM
»<> diiiji:ii;i"1 that during the wiuter ils bIiwILuk wan litLwl utV in a l"id) . The iiia-
lvri:il ill 1 1 wan recovered. Work on the dam wan riinunied isarly the present sensnu,
aixt about 100 feet of it next to the lock is olmoat completed. A large part of the
ni:it>'rliil lor the rest of it is on hand.
I'lm ■■^■-iivatioD for'a new nhntment has been npurlj- all made, the materials am
nuMlly on iiand, and the pinnt is in position.
Work on the lork wa« continued tbroushont the tinrnl :i'eiiT exeept Eron) Harih tG
to MAy X. At the present date tlie lock is pomjiletrd nui! is In tirst dnM condition.
The land wall is cuIirel.T now, and thn river wall tlinronghly repaired. The new
sills are of muaonry, llie lUling valves nro pjllndiieul, nnd the Dm|>tying vnlv™ aro
balanced. Tbe gules arc new, nud the lock Iiiih tlio stnudnrd dimensiuns. The cofl'er-
dftins havD not yet btwin removed.
Ltirk and DaM Ko. !), Tiinloririllt.—Thi) dam needed extensive minor rejioirs. A
crib fiirmlng part of the lower apron, 1^ feet long, whs rebnilt with no little difll-
Giillyuii Hi-ruiiiitof tlie fn-qiient ilinxK It wnx completeil late iu the season, hoiI
very probably saved the dam from breakiiisdnrinR the winter. The head of the old
Lurk and /Mm .Vo. I'l, Xaoarillf. — Xi^w )!uard i;ntes, which were urgently needed,
weir put in. and their linttreM) wiilN repaired nnd niised above the hi;;b-wiiter mnrtc
oflSfil. i:\tra hir};e vuh'i'H were put in the gates to nilmit of siip|>lying Ibc mills
Till' ibiiii wiiN in n danserinis ciiiiiliiinii. an a part of the npron wns gonn and the
sei'iinit Ml |i nan liiidly inidennined. A ihort piece of crib, forming the lower apron,
was built ill 1 lei; em lie r. The dam wan not injured to any extent during the wiuter.
77.1' ihahif MaUii did good servii-c when llie wiiler wns favorable. She dng ont
CatNCrerli Kar at tlie lleml of Lowell Caiiiil, in .Inly. IKiO, :ind again iu June, 1891.
She removed troubbiaome bars at Dana [nlaiid, 4 iiii1en below Itevcrly i at Ualdwin
j:ipple, 1 ihile below Liike Chute, and partlr rmnoveil the one at Hear Creek, 1 mile
below Lowell; dUKOut lioverly (ranal, and was of valuable assistance in tightening
1li<- I'olTenlam sroiind the break nl Hiverlv. and in ninoving those at Rt^verly and
■ .•iwell loi-ks. Slie was not siicces*lul in di;;Kin'; material coutaining mlibleBtone,
mid eould not l«i held iu swift walir. The latter defect has probably been remedied
bv bi'iter Kpiidn. She was lilted willi nu improved lower tumbler.
' ri" tlorfrntHrHl "(mtMcr frga was engaged in gi-nenil towing, llio towiug for tha
Na'igiition baviiii; been praetiially ''but oil' during the Usual year, no commercial
CASSIIH B. ail.l.F.TTK,
2380 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMY.
GGi5,
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF HARBOR OF OWENSBORO, KENTTTCKT,
ON THE OHIO RIVER.
[Printod in Hoiine Ex. Doc. No. 103, Fifty -first Congress, second tessioo.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington^ D. O., January 19, 1891,
Sir: I liave the honor to submit the accompanying copy of report
dated January 12, 1891, by Lieut. Col. Wm. B. Merrill, Corps of Engi-
neers, upon the i)reliminary examination of "harbor of Owen8l>oro,
Ky., on the Ohio Eiver,'' made in compliance with requirements of the
river and liavbor act approved September 19, 1890.
Lieutenant-Colonel Merrill is of the opinion that fhe locality is not
worthy of improvement, and I concur in this opinion.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen,j Chief of Engineers,
lion. llEDFiELD Proctor,
Secretary of War.
report of LIEUTENANT-COLONEL WILLIAM E. MERRILL, CORPS OF
engineers.
Unitiid States Engineer Office,
Cincinnati^ OhiOj January 12^ 1891.
General: I have the honor to submit the following report on tlie
preliminary examination of the harbor of Owensboro, Ivy., as required
by the river and harbor act of September 19, 1890.
This is the third time that I have been required to report on this har-
bor. 'Flu* first report was ordc^red in the river and harbor iK*t of thdy
5, 1884, and it is ])rinted in tlie Keixnt of the Chief of Engineers for
1885, ])n<re WM, In that report 1 stated that the harbor was not worthy
of iniprovtMuent. The same item a])i)eared in the river and harbor act
of Aujj:ust II, \>>^^j and I reallirmed my former statement that the har-
bor was not worthy of im])rovemeut. This second rei)ort is ])rinted in
the liCport of the Cliief of Enjj^ineers for 1889, page IWX As nothing
has o(Mnrr<Ml since the date of my last report to affect my views on this
sid)je(!t, 1 am undt»r the ne(;essity of stating lor the third time l^hat the
harbor ol* Owensboro is not worthy of improvement, and that no survey
is necessary.
KespectfnJJy submitted.
Wm. E. Merrill,
Lieut. Col. of Engineers.
Biig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of EnginterSy U. S. A.
"■ATPKNUtx fi(! — RKrniir i
PRELIMINAHY EXAMINATION Ol' TKlNKHTA [(rRKlOK]. I>KNNSVI,VAmA.
FROM THE TtHVN OK TIONEMTA 'lit THE VIU.AfJE OF nAl,r,TOWN, WITH-
A VIEW TO THE IMI'KOVKMENT ANll THE KEMOVAL OF OUST RUCTIONS.
[l^iilNlIn ll..iM.>Ki, Iivp. Nu. IM, KlR<r.|lHiCi>ngR«.HCun<tai!«ian.|
IInitud Htatkh Kkoinkkr CiyyicK,
Ciucliiiiali, Ohw, .ruHHurji }3,ls;tl.
CENKRAl.: 1 liiiv<' 111.- ) <ii' lo siilmiit tlir ri.lliiwiii^' vi-\mt i>ii llir.
Iiu-Iiit.ii.iirv .■\:iiMiii:itioi,. *,s iri|iLiLV.i Uv tlir livri' aud ii:iil...r ;..'f i.l"
S<-l.l.-illlK-r HI. I.S'HI. n|- tl.c i-iTi-li riillnl " T Li.iiL-.st;i, fnnii 111.' lowii ..f
Tiimc«l;i to tin- vill:it;i- "\' llalllnwii. witli !i \ low lo tin; iiiuirovi'iiR-iit
i.n.Hli.-mnuv.ili.f,.l,slim'!i..us."
Tiniit'.siii Cn-.'k is lui iiiiinnhnit liilmtJH-v of the Allegheny Biver,
wliii-!i it i-jiliTN ill (In- l.iwii (.I' Tic.iicstji, ISli milea above Pittsburg.
A« the villnK'r nf liiilllinvii is 21 iiiihvs Inim the mouth of the Oreeit,
thi-s i« thi- iiK'iisiiMi ill' rlif lenfiih of Ihc i-icek on wliieh a i-ei»ort \» de-
sired.
The iiv<T tiii«! Iniiliorait of Aiisnst 2, lSS2.t:iilled tor ii rejKirt on thi«
m-fk. and I niuih- <.m-. whi.li will hr loiiml in the rejwrt of the Chief of
KiiKin.-iTs liir IS,S4. piij;,- 1701,
TiorifNtik C'n-rli is oiilv n,s.>d (iir riilliiif; tinitier itnd lumber, tint its
.■ttVi-tivi-ii.'ss l"..r tills i.iiriinN.- is m\w\\ rliiiijnlslietl by the vresence of
nuii«'i'<.nsUir^.-i»<-ksaod s<>iit.-;>lniiidoiird [m-rs oI' old niltln^^ inxims.
Xo.iMi.TrNi|.iovri.i,-nt issooKiil tlmii Un- rvriioval of (.lislnirlicns wliivli
■-.•A^A rh.-ii|M'liiinn.-l li>t lnitisi».iiih-tiiiil,.T
ih-d rli;d \W v,n„ „|- .riMKlil jiidi.'imislv fx-
{•i\-i\<. of the country <h-uian<I eln-aji lutiiber,
honld In; liivnishi.'d for brin;;ing into une the
iiili.-i' tliMl otherwise will ^'o t^> wast.' tor i«-
Mvrx|MTivnr.- also tra.'li<-s ill.' that small
lliat riiu only I.e usrd lor niftiuf:, arc rcla-
in larj;i> sums cviicndi'd on threat stnicturen
1 have, tlicicloic, to rc|i.at Ihal Tiiao-sta (.'reek is ■' worthy of iui-
jirovcTufiit " to tiic I'xicMi i.t iciuDviiifj till' obstnii-tions that iuterfpre
with its nsc as a ral'tiii;: >lr anil I cslimat'- that this work can be
done lor yJ.IMMI. No fnilhci- snivcy is nccussa ly.
hi this coiiu<-cti«u I woiihl n-t'cr to mv tovuiiM' report on this stream;
also to Ihc annexed ici-ort' of Mi-. ,1. \V. Arras, assistant eiitriiifcr in
<-liarj:c of work on llie Ane;;hi-iiv iJivcr. which coutaius snclicoiiimcix'ial
statistics as are ohtaiiiable.
lU-siicctt'iiIly submitted.
Wm. E. Merrim.,
l.ifiit. Col. of Kiifihiecfs.
lir'ij'.i'u-it.TumtMi L. ('askv,
Vlti,-J-uf h:„;ih>r,;x, T. .V. .1.
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and re
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2382 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
G G 17.
[Printed in House Ex. Doc. No. 195, Fiity-flrat CongrMS, Moond MMien.]
preliminary examination of the ohio river, between the
mouth of green river, kentucky, and the city of evans-
ville, indiana, with a view to improving the ohio river by
confining it.s waters within its present channel and pre-
venting danger to navigation from any changes therein.
United States Engineer Office,
Cincinnati^ OhiOy January lOy 1891.
GenI':ral: In compliance with the iustnictions contained in letter
from the Otlice of the Chief of Engineers, dated September 20, 1890, 1
have the honor to .submit the following report on tiie preliminary ex-
amination of the locality indicated in the following extract firaon the
river and liarbor act of September 19, 1890:
With a view to improving the Ohio River, between the month of Green Rivery in
the State of Keutuoky, and the city of Evansville, in the State of liiilian% and eon-
lining the waters of the first-named liver within its present channel, and ureYentiiig
dau^rcr to iiavi^ratiou from any changes therein, the Secretarr of War ia oorebiy au-
thorized and directed to make, or cause to be made under his diteetioviy a oonplets
survey of the Ohio Kiver between the points named, together with fldl eatfnatea of
any expenditures that may be necessary to prevent any injuries or tbreatened bjl^
ries to its permanent use and navigation.
The cause that led to the request for this survey is the appielifiiiBkm
of some of the citizens of Evansville, Ind., tiiat, at some mtnre drnto^
the Ohio River will cut through the narrow peninsula on the Kentucky
side of the river opposite Evansville and leave the latter city on a side
channel or bayou.
In the river and harbor act of August 5, 1886, there will be fimnd
the ft)llowing item:
For a survey of the Ohio River near the city of EvansYiUe, Ind., with a v&sw to
determine what, if anything, will be necessary to prevent ft change of the ^liTumtP
of the river in front of that city.
This survey was duly made, the loc*ality was reported as '^ wortliy <rf
improvement/' and the i*ei>ort was printed in House Ex. Doe. No. 88,
Fiftieth Congress, lirst session, and reprinted in the Annual Bepott of
the ('hief of Engineers for 1888, page 1716.
While the ]>hraseolog>'^ of the two items which I have quoted is opito
difterent. they refer to the same subject — the prevention of the Ohio
Kiver from cutting across the peninsula opiK)site Evansville. I do not
think that I can add anything to the report that I have just indieatod,
and I would refer to it as furnishing all the information required by the
river and haibor act.
I have tlierefore to report thfit the locality is ^' worthy of improve-
ment." but that no additional survey or report is needed.
Eesi)ectfuny submitted.
W^. E. Mebbill,
Lieut. OoL ofEmgimMn.
Brig. {}q\\. Thomas L. (?asey.
Chief of Engineers^ U. H. A.
API'ENDIX ft a HEPOKT OF LIEUT. COL. MERRILL.
flUBVKY OF THE OHIO RIVF-R, NEAR THE CITY OF EV^TlSVILLE, INtil-
ana, to hetermise what, if anything, will be kecessaky to
i'kevent a change of the channel of the hiver in fkont of
that citv.
United States Engjneeh Offiob, *
Cincinnati, November lli, X887.
Sib: T1t« river otid Imrbor act of August 5, 1880, ttuiitaiuod tli» fol-
lowing iten :
FuritHiirvpy oftheOhio River ni<Hr Ihti dty of EvnnsTilld, Ind., witb » viuw to
ddti-niiiii'- whiit, if MiylliinK. will \tv uvi'CHiiary \t> pieveut a chitii);u uf tLu cliuuiiol of
th» rivur iu iioai of tbut dty.
The duty of making tliis sui-vey liaving been assigufd to me, I have
the honor to submit tlit; following report:
The (lily of Kvansville is situated at tho rtpex of a very sliarp bond of
the Ohio Rivt'r, the peninsula opposite Evansvillo having a kiigth of li^
miles nnd n minimum widtli of li^ miles. The total v-utt-'r tVont of the
peninsula is IS mile«, and it^s whole suri'a^o is on an avernge about 12
feet below flood level, the extreme oscillation of the river at Evaaaville
being 47.8 feet.
For muny years flood water passed over this peninsula without attract-
ing much attention or showing much effect on the surface; but duriug
the high floods of recent years the surface has been considerably de-
graded, and a number of ravines have been excavated -on the upper side
of the peuiusula, which gr^iluatly flatten out and become wide and
sitatlow depressions as they reach the central line. As the soil is fer-
tile, though very lighvthe crops are valuable, and pretty mucli the
whole area has been cleared and cultivated. Whenever a flood comes
of suflicicnt height to go over the ground the wliole surface is denuded
to the depth of the plowing, and each year the hind is flooded at a lower
gauge rciuling. At the base of the i>euinsula there is a wide swamp
known iis Mound Slough. Only a very sniall portion of this gronud has
been cleared, and uhservatiou sliows that in the slough the surface is
griiduiilly lisiiii; liy di-positK. A similar condition ha.s been noticed iu
.itbi'i' piirts uf the pciiiiisiihi where ravines and gullies have been abau-
dijni'<i ;iMil ^iIIowhI to grow up with weeds and Imshes.
On llic ^lississtppi Itivcr, where ishuid clnites are very common, it
haw i"'cii niilfd ttnit riic river hardly ever .-fbows a disposition to deepen
and t'iilai';>i- lljt'iTi iiilo a low-water channel, notwithstanding the fact
that strong currents run through these ehnte.s at high water and that
they nniterially shinlni ilistaii<e.s by river. They are usually the relics
uf old chaiint'ls uliicli havi- gradually been left to one side, aud, as a
rule, they shiwiy (ill up by the accumulation of snags aud sediment.
As far as my knowledge gix's int-ofl's on the Mississippi are always
formed by the gradual abrasion nt' <i]>posite sides uf a iienin.sida until
the high-water current Ita.s a very slei-p .slojie over a barrier only a few
hundred feet in width. In view of these facts I am led to conclude
that the danger of a cut-oir through the EvansviHe peninsula will not
be imminent until the distance a< toss lias been reduced to something in
the ueighborhoo<I of a quarter of a nule, the shortest distance at present
being about 1|^ mite.s.
Notwithstanding this conclusion it is evidently undesirable to bkko
any risks in a case of such importance, and therefore I would recom-
mend, as a measure of iirudenie. that steps be taken to stop any further
lowering of the surline uf the peninsula, leaving the ipiestion of bank
protectiou iu abeyance until the necessity for action becomes more evi-
dent.
2.-W4 RKI'OKT OV TIIK riUKF OF KNG1NKKK8, U. 8. ARMY.
Tho siniplo and natural metlKnl of aci'omiilisliiiig tliis result woidd
ho to build a 1(>v(H' aloujj: the axis of the i>euiiisu1a, extending it to the
insubninsihle hills at its base. Two lines for such a levee were sur-
veyrd, an<l the ostiniatcMl eosts of the two are $305,000 and ♦317,0'^,
respectively, the h'n^th bein^ Ci.J miles and the average depth of flooil
wat«»r J 2 feet. The to]) of the lev(»e has been plaewl at 4 feet abov^ flood
h^vel in ordtT to allow for the raising: <>f the flood line that wof 3i fol-
h)w from kee])in^- the entire discharge within the natnral banks. In
the above estimates is inelnded ^15,000 for the hind on which the levee
is to Ih* built. Another methml, that would probably* be effectual,
would be to ]»urehase a stri]) of ground along the line of the proposed
levee, plant it thiekly with trees and bushes, and let it stand as a iv>
in^ barrier to cateh drift and sediment, and reduce the velocity of the
overflow. In my Judgment sueh a barrier would gradually restore the
hei^iht of th(^ area above it by deposits of sediment, and the owners of
the farms on the ])eninsuhi e<»uld well allbrd to combine to dedicate and
maintain sueh a strip of woodland. A width of 500 feet would suffice,
and the area thus withdrawn from cultivation would contain about 3o0
acres of arable land and .")() acres of swamp, and would be worth at
currtMit rates about >«;U),(KK). While this land would prohttbly All up
with trees and bushes without cost, it would yet be advisable to expedite
matters by ])lantin«i. This would cost about $40 per acre,'^making a to-
tal for MH) acres .of s<12,(K)0. To lu'otect the sti'ipfrom C4ittle and from
tind>er thieves it ought to be inclosed by a wire teuce,but an unbroken
fenci' would not do. as transverse roads across the strip* would be needed
in order to ])reserve communication between the two sides of the pen-
insula. The* r(»ad from Kvansville to Henderson ci'ossesthe liue<^tlie
pro]K)sc<l tbrest levee near ^bmnt Slough, and at least four other cross-
ings would be riM[uired. To fence both sides of these five crossingsand
to inclose the two rnds wouhl call for about a mile of fence, and tte 6}
miles of h>n.uth \\ould call for Ui miles nioix% making a total of 14 miles
of wire t'encinji". • The cheapest variety of such fence, consisting of posts
1<» feet a])art and four strands of barbed wii'e, will cost $350 per mOei
The total cost ottlu* fencinjr will theivfoiHis be 1^4,000.
It is possible that in times of thnMl the current along the transverse
r<»ads will cut them into ravines, but this efleetcan be lessened by curv-
ing* the lines of the roads; ami, in case of ne<'essity, the surface can be
metaled or ]>aved at small cost. It is lK*lieved that this contiDgency is
remote, and need not be include<l in the present estimate-
The total estimate is th(*n»tbre as foUows:
1
riinlijisf of l:m«l $30^000
Plant iii;r tn'c.N 12,000
Win- Iriniuu: 4,900
EnjiriiUM rin.ii :nnl tnniiiii^ciiri**^ ^100
Total 48^000
Tin* hiw requires tlu» en»i:ineer in charge of a survey to state whether
or not tlic locality is "w«)rtliy of improvement," and ^' what public neces-
sity or convenience may be subserved thereby.'' In case the Ohio Biver
should brrak throu^^h t1u> ])cninsula op]N)site Kvansville, it would prob-
ably have no etlect <»n through connneixr, but would verj" iiyuriondy
affect the commerce of Kvansville. and would therefore injuriously affect
aluKtst tlie whole commerce of this part of the Ohio Kivcr, aa no boat
])asses Kvansville without stojjpin^, ex<*ept a few towboat^ bound for
distant markets, it is theretbre a ]>nbli(* necessity that such an occnr-
renc<' should be ))revented. Wliih' 1 (h) nut think a cut-off is Seriously
'ENI>[X O 0 REPOET OF LDSUT. COL. HEEHILL. 2385
thrcmteueii at this preaent, I fitill thiuk that it wonld be a Judii:iuu» t-x-
pendituru ti> i>un;liase and niaiutaiii a barrier of woodlaud aod tliioket
itlong tli(^ axJu of tlic })eniiisula.
fin- turtber details, refi'ioniie is made to tlie aniH'xod report of Mr.
.1. N. Caldwell, asNistiiiit fiiKineer, who was in iihavjit! of the snrvey.
.\iTonip{iiiyiii(j this rei>iirt i« a mail* of the loi-ality and a Bheot' eoii-
tiiining loii);itii(liiial and i:ro»s »e<rtioiie of the proiKised levcte.
Bo81>eettiilly, your obedient ttervaot,
Wm. E, Mkrkill,
Lieut. Col. of Uiiifineers,
The Chief of K>aiisEEHS, U. S. A.
KEFORT OF MR. J. K. CALDWELL, AHSISTAMT KNOtNKBIt.
CiscixNATi, Ohio, October Si, fSST.
Sir; The rivei nnd harbor ai:t of Angust 5, 1806, ordvml "a Bnrvey of tbe Ohi»
Kivcr noiAT the city nf Kvnnsvlltp, IndinDa, with a view Ui determinu wliat, if anf-
tliiiig, will l>« aeCRaHHry to prevent a change of the rhannel in &ont of that fity."
By yoar order of Juno 7, 1887. the i^hariie of thin Horvey was aaaigned to me, and I
have tbe booor to aubniit tbe following report of work done ;
OppOAite EviuiJivillo, lad., is a p^niiiHiila, formed by a bend in the river called the
''borBPAbiie" or " Ht^uderaon lipud." A snrvey was made of tbis peuinanln. The
Ken«ir;il outlino of thia peninsula rusembles that of a humnti foot with the toe directed
lowards ETansville.
Tbe distance from the apex of tbe pcninanla to tbo bigb ipntuiid at the base la
35,000 feet, while the width varies from 4,800 feet to 11,600 feet. Tht surface is low,
being entirely covered with water when the Evausville gange shows a stage of 42
Tlie Biirfarr anil is very 11^1' t, b-'iujt pompoHed Inrgely of sand, and in oiiKilv nroilpd
by the water. Tbe soil, b«iii>; quite fertile, is devoted to crop raising, nnd moat of
the tieea and bnshcs have Wun I'b'ured from the land to St it for thia ni
aeqnence, one pastinK over thi! pi'iiiiixiila emuiinters numerous aloughs that have
been cut across it by the wutvr. Each rise that covers tbe land cuts the aloufih
deeper and wider, until iit last there seems to be dangi^r that the entire river may
leave its old rhannel and r'ut tliruuub the pi- n insula. iTie question niiRht naturally
lie askoil, la this dan);<'r any tiri'ati-r now than at anytime during the pnst W or
30 yearsT I think that it in, jiriiii'ipally fur tho reason that tile present owners
of the laud seem to look only to the i>roHent, an<l have used extra diligence in clear-
ing off the treps and hiiHbi>s. This is eapecially noticeable on the tract said to be
owned by Dr. Harding. I w:))' iuformcdliy a man who has cultivated this tract for
a number of years, tliiit the formi'c owner inaliitninefl a strip of timber along the
river bank, which tliu iirfsi-iit on-nur bus almost entirely cleared uway, and, as a
conseq uunrc. the tnict has bi-i-tL literally cut to pieces by the floods of the last few
veam, mideriui; it iilmoat unlit for cultivation.
The tract south of this one, now owned by Mr. Ueunett, is also very badly cut up,
aud it is here that there is tlie greatest danger of a ciit-olf being made, as throuj'h
tbis tract the slou^bs are must niitneroiis and deepest, and the distance across the
peninsula is short, lii'ing only 7,900 fi'et.
There is oue important feature that 1 noticed partieularly. Wherever the property
owners have neglectiK] (« cultivate the soil, tbe vines, bushes, aud trees have grown
up rapidly, and by arresting the curretit at time of high water have caused deposits
ofsoil to be made. Severalslonghs, that I was informed had at one time l>6<'n deep
Hnd dangerous, have siuce tilled up to a i'ouHider]ible extent because tlie owners have
(^ased to cultivate them. aii<l alhuvi-d uature to b:ive her way. The left bank of the
river ia concave, ami is cutting badly, so that the neck of the peninsula is being
reduced in two ways.
Your orders to me wore "to run a line alouK the axis of tbe peninsula from the
apex to ground that was above the high water of 1K(14."
High wat«T of 1JW4 com-Hiiouds with a height of 47.8 feet on the Evnnsville gnn^e.
I first ran a line of Inveln from Ihe gauge (o a point opposite the apex of the penin-
anla. Tbe line of levels was run np t'ulljm aveuut: for a distauie of 1,9:.'3 fiit.
Fulton avenue is the highest stn.i't in the principal part of Evausville. Our line was
*Not printed.
EMG 91 loU
2386 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEBSy U. 8. ABUT.
then carried across the river, and run as nearly as practicable along tho axis of tha
peninsula. Frequent bench-marks were made. For a distance of 25,000 feat tht
north and south boundary lino of property owners corresponds very nearly with the
axis, and I should have tollowetl this lino exactly, bnt in order to do so it would have
been necosssiry to do Homo cle:iring of bushes and trees, and these are too valuable to
be removed. * The profile obtained is essentially the same as though the axis had
been followed exactly. From a point 20,000 feet firom the apex two lines were ran to
a swamp called ' ' Mound Slough.^ One of these follows the axis, and for a distance of
4,^0 feet is very close to the Henderson and Evansville road; the other is 1,325 feet
further cast. Aft^^r reaching the swamp, I deemed it best to make a detour to reach
the high grouuil ; otherwise it would have been necessary to do a great deal of clears
ing, a thing which it was not desirable to do. A line was mn around the peninsnls
so as to determine its outline; the principal sloughs were ran out, and the roads aad
houses were located. As far as practicable, the owners of the different tracts of land
were ascertained, and the property lines were approximately located. I aabiait
herewith a plan* and profile.*
The solid conttMits of a levee 8 feet wide on top with side dopes of 1 on 8y aHowfag
20 per cent, for shrinkage, if built on the axis of the peninsiil% woold be l,450^m
cubic yards, and it would cost, at 20 cents per cnbic yard, $290,137.40. If bniltOB
the otiier line, with the same form and same allowance for shrinkage, the contents
would bo 1,508,1X)8 cubic yards, and would cost, at20 cents per cnbic yard, $901y7SL60.
In order to build either of these levees it will be necessary to have a ateip of land
35,000 feet long and 250 feet wide, so as to give the neceasazy width of base and to
fiirnish borrow pits.
This tract will cont-ain about 200 acres, which will cost, at $80 per acre, the pries
at which I am informed the land can be bought, $16,000. Land ean probaUj bs
bought more readily along the axis than along the other line, for, as mentioned in
another place, tho axis corresponds with the boundary line between property owneis
for a distance of 25.(XX> feet from the »pex of tho peninsala. and a man will nate-
rally, be more willing to sell a strip off of one side of a tract uian through it.
The section of the wat-er way, at the time of high water of 1884, was 5TO,847aqaan
feet. Should a levee be built this would be reduced to 134.168 squavs feet. •
I have been unable to obtain sufficient information in reierenoe to the veloei^ of
the current at tho time of high water of 1884 upon which to base an estimate ofua
probable increase of llood height at Evansville in case a levee shonld be built aapn^
posed.
I think that a i^ood protection against the danger of a cnt-oiFbeln^ made wonldbs
for the Ignited States to buy a strip of land along the axis of ti^e penusola ud plant
it witli trees and bushes, ^luli a strip, 35,000 feet long and 500 feet- wide, oontain*
ing about 100 acres, would cost, at $80 per acre, $32,000. This tract oonid be thieklj
planted with young trees and bushes for about $40 per acre, or $16|000 for the wholk
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. N. Caldh
AttUiamt
To Col. W. E. Mkhkii.l,
Corjw of Knfjintrrs.
* Not printed.
IMPROVRMEN'T OF FALLS OF TI
DIANA AND ILLINOIS, AND Oi i
AND CAEE OF LOUISVILLE AND r
REPORT OF MAJOR O. J. LTDECKER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER
IK CBAROE, FOR THE FISCAL TEAR ENDIN9 JVSB SO, 1S91, WITS
OTHER DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS.
IMPE0TBMENT3.
1. FaIIb of the Ohio River, at Louiaville, I 3. Operating and oare of Loniaville and
Kentnc^. Portland Canal, Kentocky.
3. IndiuB C9iiil«, Falla of the Ohio 4. Wahuh River, Indiana and lUiiioiB.
River. 1 6. White River, Indiana.
EXAumAlTOK.
6. Wahaeh River, Indi.in», from Terra [Terre] Htiill* to La Fnyotto with a view of
TcmovinK obatructiuDH of Bnn^is ftud bars and reretablishing the navigation of
said river betwecu these cities.
Umtki) Rtatks EscixiiEii Office,
TjouhrUle, Ky., -hdif 75, I801.
Gexeral: I have the liuiuir i<i transmit herewith lepoitK • •
for the fisiiil year ending •I"""' -i**. ISi'l-
A'evy respectfully, your obedient servant,
G. J. LVDr,CKER,
Major, Corpt of Engineers.
Brig. Ceil. Thomas L. ('akby,
Vhiffof Eugineem, U. S. A.
The improvement in progress at this place, under the present ap-
proved project, <:ontemplated : First, increased facilities for the passage
of tommerce through the Ijouisviile and Portland Canal by its enlarge
ment at the entrance and also immediately above the locks, thereby
forming capacious basins or harbors at these points; and second, the
1
2388 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8, ARHT.
improvement of the Indiana Chute, with the object of providing a safe
channel tliroupfh the open river over the falls, which shall be available
for the largest tows when the river is at or above an 8-feet stage on fhe
canal gauge.
ENLARGEMENT OF THE LOUISVILLE AND PORTLAND CANAL BA8IN
ABOVE THE LOCKS.
The work in piofrress hero is in pursuance of the project set forth in
the Annual Keport for 1887, the object being to construct a basin
wherein boats and tows may lie while waiting their turns to enter the
looks without interfering with naAigation through the canal. The work
involved was tlien estimated to include, as its principal featnres, the
ex<*avation of 124,000 oubie yards of earth, 13,000 cubic yards oi rock,
and the eonstruetion of a retaining wall containing about 6,200 cnbic
yards of masonry. Operations were commenced under contractin Jan-
uary, 1S87, and they dragged along under this contract, with several
extensi< us of time, for nearly li years (until December, 1888)y*when the
eom]>letiim of the work by hfred labor was authorized. The necessary
working plant having been procured, active operations were conmenc^
in the summer of 1880, and have continued until now during such times
as the stage of water would i)ermit.
At tlie close of the tiseal year ending June 30, 1890, there had been
excavated 129,833 cubic yai*ds of earth, 14,380 cubic yards of rock, and
1,439.0 cubic yards of masonry wall built, of which 108.2 cubic yards
was concrete, in foundations. The total length of wall biult, to Taiying
elevations, waB C79 feet, leaving a length of 396 feet that had not-been
started.
At the beginning of the fiscal year oi)erations on this portion of the
work were suspende<l awaiting the action of Congress on the river and
harbor bill, and by the time this bill was approved the river had reached
such a stage as to prevent operations, and it so continued until June 1,
1891, when work was resum.e<l. In the meantime a contract was exe-
cuted for the delivery of stone needed for the new wall, whereby an am-
])le sup])ly for this y(»ar\s operations has betm setnired ; three additional
derricks and a traveling crane fen* handling the stone on the work and
laying it were constnicte<l, and everything put in readiness for expe-
ditious work.
The results accomplished during the working season, being the month
of »Inne, 1891, only, were 3.784 cubic yards cai-th excavation, 171 enlnc
yards rock excavation, and 408.9 cubic yards masonry wall bnilt; the
total work done to June 30, 1891, was 13.S,017 cubic yards earth excava-
tion, U.-'isl cnbic yards rock excavated, and l,908cul)icyai'ds of inasoniy
wall, including concrete foundation, built. This nearly completes tlie
work of (»xcavation for the basin and leaves about 3,300 cubic yaids <rf
masonry to be built in order to comiilete the wall. The amount ex-
pended'on this work to June ;W, 1891, was $76,850.88.
During the ensuing liscal year every effort i^tII be made to bring tiie
wall to an elevation of 4()A3 canal datum, which will require about 2y2S0O
cubic yards of masonry, ami which with a favorable stage of river irill
be readily accomplished.
EM.AKliKMKNT OF TIIK T'l»rEU PORTIOX OF THE LOUISVILLE ' AlO)
PnKTLANI) CANAL.
The inojcct for this improvement was inaugurated in 1883 and modi-
fied in [x\H), in accordance with the recommendations of a Board of En-
gineers, as published in the Annual Kepurllbr that year (pages 2217 to
^ APPENDIX HH — ^EEPOET OF MA.I01t T.YDECKEB. 2389
2220). Itis pnncipal tt'atiiiRs iuohid^ tli^ milarfirf^iDi'iit of tht> i-aiial to a
wiil()i i>r:tl.'.'> r<>i-t t'ur a leiij^Ui ol' alwiit l,7r>0 t^i'l wt-.-4i»;iM] l*j'.i]ii llic
fMlriiit>-i-. th<-iH-t-, t'uradiHtiiiicHof tMO fwL in ^\\u.-\, \h,- .'i>l;ii'-.'[ii.'ijl
ismliK-ed toa miiiiiniim wtaiUof210 twt; >iii<) [he Kinovai ot lli<' .il<l
ami (.'oriKlnii.-tiou of a u«w raiial wall ut' maMomy on fhr iioriln'rly lino
of thi- ('iihirpi'ineiit. Abov<f or to the ea«t ol' lliis liiiiil. nf* llm canal
|i]'0]>('i' till' ciiUncoiitciit i'\|i;lih1h into a basiii liaviii^ a general width
«r h!"ih1 HiMI I.Tl, inid ii lfn;;lli. in ii iiorl.li.'!ist<Tlv diiwtioii, of almut
:{.2lMitWI: tills I>:l.h[ii is to III' I'l.isi'il i.u llic »i'st iiiiil uortliwcst by a
iiiiiMJiiiy wiitl. «itli tii'iii t[;i|i ij|n-iiiii(;s, I'xtt'iidiii}; in a ninilieily direc-
tioD HiH) IVt't liiun ilii- <iui of tlie uew caual wall, and by a couerete dam
fruiii thi> iLoitti I'liil III' llir bear-trap stracture to tlif pro^eiit crosH dam
at tlici liwid of llic r.ills, ;i distance nf alxnit 2,>'iW fi'ot, on a liiii' mib-
i«t«ntiallv |';>i--i"''l f 'I'! '■■-'"" tVi'l fi'""". Mil' Ki'nhii-kv Mliorc. whii'h
limits tlic Im-iii ..n tin- .M.nllt. On |li.' .'nniiiU'licii ..I' tl,i, wiirk tin' »\d
trib work iiiiil -nl.iiii- ilik.-, wliii'li ."vt.-iids ;0 t ;t.iii'il fcpt iiii.stn-iini
from till- old .aiuil wjill. \\ III U- rmjnvoil and jjiiiik- rril.s crei-ti'd on Iho
iioi'tlit'ily liriiit-^ n!' tin.- rxravatioii fiijui the new basin. Suitable re-
tainin;: h:iIIs i>t >Iiipe ri-M'Inient will aIiM> be coiistrui-ti^l along the Kiail-
t.m'k\ sliiii.-liiieHr |li.-i':inal.
In till' I'M'riinnii lit lliis proii-et most of tbe. excavation rei|nired for
wiiii'iiiiitr Ml.' i;iiii.). tl..' .'iiiistnii'tii.n of the pe.iit.-r iiarl of the new
eanal twill, iind Mn- h-!ii<.\:i1 »t a |..irlii>ii iif Mie old one. hitd ln-en eont-
plel.-d prior to IS'.IU. Tin- work was done by eonti-a.l iinlil ISMl, w|i.-n,
iiu ati'oiint of iiHulerably sliiw pnij;iv,-;s by this mt^tlioil, the eomplelioa
of IIk- projct-t by bired labor was iuithorizi^^l, and oiK^'iitiouH Itavti buon
coiidiiet^Hl on that nyateni siuw that time.
DiirinK the flscn! ye:iT just eln^ed work was rnnfiiicd to rod; cxeava-
ing the year's work in .lime, ISIIO. Iml on ;iei'caint of eoiillTuiind high
water it was the middle of .Inly belore active operations ennld be com -
nieiiced; they weie eontiiitied nntil Aii;:nst 2.1 only, when the river rose,
tloixled the siteof the work, and ]mtan elfec^tive veto on fnrth or progress
dnrin-lheyear.
The pumps were ajrain pnt in place last ninntli. and preparations have
a|l been marie, for rosuniiri'r work as soon as the river falls to the reimi-
site staj;e.
Dnriiij: the w.irkiti^' period of 28 days 8,0T2 cubic yards of r»K-k,
infaMued in place, wcie excavated: the excavation in previous years
amonnled to llll.-fVi cubic yards, making to Juue 30, JS91, the total
The aminiut expended for these improvements up to June 30, 1891,
was *;W0,«12.!)5,
Some repairs were made to the old ci'oss dam dnring the year, and to
the temjwrary dams erected for keeping the ai-ea of excavation free from
water duriufr the winkiuf,' jierind.
Kxtracts from the rejiorls of Assistant Engineers G. W, Shaw and R.
It. .lones, who have had immediate supervision of the foregoing works,
are transmitted heiewitb.
The commercial statistifs lelating thereto will be found in my report
ou operating aud care of the Louisville and Portland Canal.
2390 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABUT.
Money statement
July 1, 1800. luilauoo unt^xpoiuletl $161,63
Aiiioiiiit api»roi>riatod by act approved S<'ptvinl»(T 1\K 18111) 60^ OQ
221^63
J lino 30; 1891, amonnt expende<l during ti8(*.'il year ..•• 28^48
July 1, 1891, balance unexpouded 198^14
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities $12.01&95
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted coutractd 14,721.32
July 1, 1891, balance available 10^40
{Amount (eatiniatcd) required for completion of existing project ,758^19
Amount that can be protitahly expended in tiscal year ending June39,1893 300^00
Submitted in com]Hiani'o Avith requirements ot^ sections 2 of riTer aBd
harbor artR of 18d<5 and 18(57.
The estimated amount required for completing tho existing project, sabmittei
the foregoing statement, is obtained as follows:
Estimated cost of work at head of Louisville and Portland Canal tec-
ommended by Board of En<rineer8 January 28, 1890 9710^ 39
Amount expended in execution of that project to June SO, 1891 23,09
Present estimated coat of oom]deting this work 688,19
Present estimated cost of complet ing basin above locks 70^00
Present estimated cost for both 768^19
Abstract of propofxih for furnish inp stone for the constrneUan Qf tpall for emimr
itmal htmin, L-'itisrlllf and rortland Canals reeeirt'd tN renponse to tkeadrfrHaei
tlatvd Mar.'h /.'. AV/y/, and opened April It, lii9l,hjf Capt, Edward Magrnkfif Gn]
En if in vers.
QuuutitioH iuoubiL' \anld ami (irifo per cnbio yard. Delivered at railroad switcli, Bghtoaalli i
and thti canal.]
No.
Xaiuc i^ biiliU-r.
I ClasH A.
Class B.
Class C.
!
1 . (rC"r^t> F. liranham...
2 , Dark Hallow giiarrv
I Co.
3 rntrirk II. Swocncy ..
4 ! S;iI«'iiiStMii('an«l Linio
i 'o.'
SiUoinStoDoand Lime
Co.t
Quantity.
Price.
Quautity.
Prioe.
420
420
$9.50
11.00
144
144
$9.15
10.90
420
420
10.74
8.05
144
144
9.74
&05
420
9.12
144
9.12
Quantity.
885
885
885
19.60'
10.90
11.74
&00
t.8T
dawlli
QuiBtlly,
•
No.
Name of bidder.
ClasH £.
Qnantity. l*rioe.
1 i (»<'»'r;:i* F. I'nmliann
2 1 Dark Ho!li>w (^lunrv j
3 Patrirk II. Swfriii'v ...'
4 ' S;ili'in St.iiu- uiiil \Awc
' To.'
5 , Sal«-ni Sfoiii' aihi Lim«-
; Cu.t
48
48
48
48
48
$9.15
10.35
&74
8.0l»
9.07
aaasF.
Qnantity.
Price.
300
300
$6.75
8.50
300
300
7.74
7.40
300
7.66
Total eoat.
$16,328.90
19.144.50
19,336.54
14,416.30
18.121.07
IToaamplei
ReoameBdedl for
• Saiiiplc of niu'von color.
t Sample of even cokr.
■ APPENDIX H H — REPORT OF MAJOR LTDEOKER. 2391
MXTRiCT yROM REPORT OF MK. a]:AXVII.I.K ye. StlAW, AWISTAXT ENOtmBR,
UNITCI) STATKN I'lXljIVEKtl OVPtCK,
LoH!tMlle, Eg., June SO, 1S91.
UaJiir: I have the hoDor to submit the follovlng report of operatioDs ou iiuprov-
init Fulls of ttiR Oliio Kirer nt Louiarillo, Et. — eulorginu the head of the Louisville
mid I'ortliuid CuibI— for the fianal year ending Juuo 30, 1891 :
In ISSa the work of eicnTation woe divided into three aections and lut liy eontroAt;
■crtiona 1 and 2, CDOHietLng of earth and rock excavation and removal of oM river
■tali, being bolovr Tenth Ktnict, and eection 3, rock eieavation, being in the eidarge-
nvnt ubavo.
lSe«tJoti I wna eompletoil in November, 1880. After several exteuaiona the ooa-
tru«ta for soctioua 3 and 3 fxpircd DePember 31, 1888, The officer in ch.irgo was then
atitborizi<d to imrchiisii a plant Qud finish Uiu contract work by hired hibor.
Tlie Sslem Sione and l.imo Company, tmdor a contraol nxoputed Jannary 15, 18*7,
for lh« couBlruelioQ uf it part of the now oonul wall, completed its work on tbe 24th
of AuKuxt, 1880.
Under anthority to pnrchBse a plant and finish the contract work by liinid lubor
etiitable tools and Bp))liances were provided, but the season of 1889 proved t« ba k
v»ry ihort one. only 3^ days being available for rock excavation.
Daring this short seasoD 12,9(18 cabio yards of solid rock, measured in plnce, were
eKi^iivatnl and removed.
On June II, 1890, preparations were began for tbe season's work. Pumping ma-
chinery wna placed on the guiding dike, and tflols and apydiances put in order.
Puiiipiug was began July U, drilling Joly 28, blasting July 30, wid work suspeudoil
by reason of hi|-li wiiter August 2S, 1890. The season was ubout 28 days' work in
exi'avation, during wliic-h time 8,072 cable yards of solid rock, meusured in place,
were blasted and removeil.
The braces on the raised portion of the cross dam were found to be very much in-
Jnred, and were replaced by heavier ones. Tbe concrete ilam west of the cross dam
waa repaiiod and raised about t foot, to direct the leaknee into the river north uf tha
improvement. A temporary cotTerdanj, to prevent leakage, was placed along the
north aide of the gniding dike, hetwBcn the cross dani anrl TliouarJ shuttew. Both
of Ih-w djms were di.mftced l.v Ihi^ breaking; if ,i b.- rnft, !i p:irt -f n bi<-li went
ov.T the iTOSS ilam witliin (ho liii.i -I' iiiiiircv.-tii.Til, .m S,-]ilrTi>li.T 17. I^llil. A iirw
boiler, engine, and centrifugal pump were purchased, and will be used to pump out
the water in Uie excavated area dnring the coming season.
The total rock excavation on sections 1, 2, and 3, to date, amounts to 127,528 cubic
vards. measured in place, of which 8,072 cubic yards were excavated and removed
iluriui: the tiscnl year ending June 30, 1891.
On .Miiy 26, 1891, preparations were begun for continuing work. Timber for a
platform upon which to place the new pump, ens'ne, and boiler, wiis brought up
IViiMi Ihf lucks, and the crib and platform finished, when further work was inter'
iii|itcii bi Iiigh water. On June 20 work was resumed, and the pumping machinery
is iiuw in ]ii>sition to he utilized when the river shall have fallen to a 6-feet stage.
V'crv I'espect fully, vour obedient servant,
Granville W. Shaw,
AiriflaHt Enginter.
M;ij. C. J. Lydecker,
CurpH of Kagineen, U. 5. A,
I.y[-is\ ILLE, Ky., .rune SO, 1S91.
I liavp Ihfi honor to submit the following report of operations for impro
t' Oliiu Kivrr at Louisville. Kv., enlarging Canal Basin at head of loc
lye:ircuainB June 30, 1891: '
During the sea.son of 1890, no work was done beyond protecting the derricks, raa-
rhinpri*. and exterior bank of the excavation, a"* the new appropriation for proaccii-
tion of tbe work was not available iiiilil thi- lalli'v ]i.irt uf KcplMnil>et, and the bal-
ance of the old appropriation was too small to justify even a beginuiag.
2392 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABMT.
Karly in tlio season of 1891 pTeparntions were made for the work; 3 additional
(l«'.n-i(-ks nn<l a traveling rrane \v«^re fonHtrncteil for the pnr]H)He of handlinfir *ml l*y~
in^ sttiuf for new wall.
A contrart waH made with the Salem St-one and Lime Company for the delivery of
a bout 1. STil yards of Oolitic limestone to be used in the constniotion of new canal
wall, and this amount was suhsequently increased to 2,278 ciiblo yards.
KXCAVATION.
Work wa8 be^irnn June 1, repairing tracks leading to the hoiflting incline, and the
tirnt ear of material was taken from the pit June 3.
The pit was cleaned out, a deposit of river mnd about 6 inches thick having cov-
ered the entire surface, and the earth which had caved fh>m the banka wae removed
from the wall so that building could be resiuned.
The excavation of earth and rock, principally from the pier separating the dr>'
dork from the canal, was carried on from the dry dock side, as the coiTenlam neces-
sary for the eomj>letion of the work had been deiayed by high water.
All the materials for this dam are on hand, and a start on its construction will be
made .1 ulv 1, unless another rise in the river occurs.
The following table shows the material excavated up to the dose of the fiscal year
ending .June 3(), 1891:
Previuiis to the clust* of AhcaI year ending Jiint) M, 1890
During fiscal year cmling <I unV.' 'M, lt)yi
Total
I
OtthU ydf . - OmkU writ.
129.833 I 14,IM
8,784 I 171
183,817
14.661
Total material excavated, both earth and rock, 148,168 cubic yards.
NEW CANAL WALL.
Work on the new wall, which was started during the season of 1889 and earriednp
to varyin«r (devationfi* before the advent of high water, was resumed June 10, 1891.
All the wall thus far started was leveled up to elevation 40.76 by Jnne 27. the ma-
terial used bein<;: old stone taken fn»m the wall at head of canaL which has even-
tually to be removed, in accordance with the existing project for widening the eaiiaL
The new wall and the manner of its construction is detailed bi Report of Chief of
Engineers, V. S.Army. 1»90, pp. 2214-2215.
On .Tnne 27 the laying of new face stone purchased firom Salem Stone and Lime
Company was ("ommenced.
Both old and new stone will be used for backing this new fkce stone.
A hxTff^ amount of concrete is used in the constmction of new canal wall and a
No. 1 <iateR rock crusher has been purchased and set up for the purpose of prepar-
ing stone for this purpose. An old engine has been utiliEed for the power Teqnued
to run the erusber.
< >iie of the two hoisting engines which were used during season of 1889, belns no
longer retpiired to run the sectmd incline, has been used to operate the principal der-
rick used in wall laying and the progress of the work has Been greatly expedited
thereby.
riie following table gives the amount of stone wall laid up to the dose of the fis-
cal year ending .June 30, 1891 :
Vrv\ ions til tilt' close ot tilt' tisiid \vnr viuUuir •Junf :(U. 189U
Ditriii>; lisral y»*ar ending .Juiu- '.UK 1W*1
Ti.tal
ConcTHte
fouDilatiim.
108. t
106.1
€%.
uyd».
1,SU.4
1,800l1
Total number cubic vards of eoueret«' foundation and masonry laid to close of fi^
al year, .Tune 'M\ 1891, 1,9(»8.5.
ion of the]
which level it can ba
cai year, .Mine :nK iwi, i,«»8.o.
The ])roJect for the season of 1891 c(uitem)dates the completion of the new wall to
elevation UVX] feet — 11. 3:^ feet on u])]»er gauge of canal, £n>m whic
APPENDIX HH — BEPOKT OP MAJOR TiYDECKKa. 2393
niiiiiilHiHl Ttith ileiririci Mt upon tho bank unit without tltp (>xp(insn n( ki>rpi(ig tha
Tliin ooiiniriiHion inoltnW tin- lUjiiljli'-lii.-i-il wiiU liuiwii'ii ilr.v lioi'U imii rniml iiml
roiiiioctiuiui to dry dock i>ii'r.
Very re«p.'(-t fully, ymir <ilii.-.lip|it Ficrvinit,
HHa.
IMntOVKMENT Of INIJIANA CIII TK, FAI,I-K OF TilK OHIO RIVKIt.
The iibjwt of tliiw iiiiin-ovi'UH'iit i« n nuwt iniiK n-taiit. nni', and if wic-
t-essfully aocouipliHhed will pnwe of the grciit««t beiK'Ht to the heavy
Miiunipn'e of tli« river. It is U* make this cliiite saft-ly nuvi|;rab!« for the
Inrffcst tow8 which <rhara<!t«riz«> thiw <'OHiinerc(!, wlicn the river nhnwH »
Htagv of 8 f«et or more, by the npptir canal gaiij^e, thereby avoiding the
great )»»n of time involved in the pawsiige of these town tlmnigb the
(■anal and looka. To this end the project is that submitted by M^or
Stickncy, recommended by the Board of Enjjineers in its report dat«d
.liiuiiavy as. 1890, and approved by the Chief of Engineers January 31.
1H!W, It involves rock escavation in the (irojwHed channel to tiie extent
of some UOjOOO ctibic yanis, the coustnietion of lateral stone dikea ag--
^regating in length about 3,7(X» feet, and of a concrete wall about 8150
feet long. It is itltinmtcly proi>ost)d to i-onstruct an mlfUtional dike.
nuKlity the prcKcnt t-msa dam. and connect with the new ba^iin wall al
(lie li^'ii'l III' tin- citiiitl; but tlie dc termination of the details for tliis poi-
tion of the proposed impniveinent is deferred until the precise effects
of works ill immediate eontemidation can l>e observed.
The work neccfisnry to carrying out the iilHive project can, with the
niiichitifry now ;iviiil;ild'', only lie done during very low stages of river,
iuni ;is no such st;ige was rein hcd during the ptLst fiscal year there is
nil work to be rcpintcd lor tJiat |icii<Hl, nor ]i:ih anything been done on
the work since 1S.S7. It seems evident tlint a plant, suited to carrying
on tlie Work wlicri the river is at some higlicr stage, must be procured
iH'fore any progress can }»■ reiiliKcd. iind 1 propose to fcike the necessary
stejis for doing so as soon us possibJi-. Witii sui-h a plant an appropria-
tiitu of 87.VHK», as lierein roiommended, could l)e most pixifitably ex-
l>i'nde<l during the fiscal year ending .luiic M, 1811.'!, and an improve-
nnnt of the greatest value t<)eorLinierce( hereby secured; fur this reason
tlie appropriatiuu of that .imount is stnmgly urged.
Money utalement.
.Iiih 1. I8W, Lalimon iinexpiTiclfil J23,8S5.2CI
Aiiu.iiiit !i|.[.ri.])ii;it>'il 1..V iirt ii|.|irijv.>cl S.-jitniilKT 11», 1«!"1 ari.OOO.OO
.lulv l.mil. l.:iliiii.<- iiii.-x|i.oi.l.-.l 48,885.20
.Inly 1. lf!il. iiiil-ilinniiiig liiil.ililipx 10.50
.Tilly 1, I W»l. l.:ilatii<- iiv!iil:ilil.- 48, 874. 70
liniHlpil) iv.|.iiiv.l l-..r .•..mi.lruu.i i,r .-iiHliiii; |irn|..,l Il:t,6l0.»7
t.-niihi'tiiiitll:ililv.-\|i.'ii.l.'rl iiil>^<-ilvi'iri'ii<liii;;.liiii<':tl). 18!Kt 75,000.00
111 I'liiiiiilLiiir,- uiili I'l'iiiiimiii-iitn III' BiTliouii 'ioi tiv«r uud
1=
I
2394 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABHT.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
Statement of cesscln passed over the Fait)* of the Ohio fltrtr dnring the jUeal year emdiu§
June ,A'j IkSJI.
1890-'91.
Ascending.
l*a.ss«'i)::«T 1m Kits
TiiW iMfiltH
]M(i<U-l b;ir"i*s ...
No,
132
208 >
425 .
14
Tcmt.
71,474
40.6^7
230,518
11,200
Descending.
402
307
1,153
27
Total
777
353,849
1.889
Tons.
181,655
5R,W4
084.208
21,500
TMlL
No.
618
1.678
41
•40.367
2.00S
Ant.
m,«51
•14,721
as, TOO
1,800. 208
Days navijrable —
' AAoendii)^
Di'sceiuliiig . . .
Uf
Statcinent of commerce j>n^^{-<7 orer the Falls of the Ohio Biver during ike Jtteal year
ending June 30, 1S9L
Artidra.
i ToiiH.
Coal 077,342
.^ilt ' l,7CHi
Oil I \a:^
WIiLskv I «»-*iO
Ti.havro 2. 1 IM
Cottiin ■ :j,s.<>
IjiiiiImt ' 7. Ill)
('«irn X14
AVIu*at 1S5
Iron ore 'Xi%
Articles.
Iron
Stoi'l rails
rr.fdiire
Floiir
Su;;ar and niolaHses
1 1 ay and straw
Stavi-» and shingles
CiMiu'nt
Vint'pir
Malt
Tons.
9,137
1,002
452
32H
3.237
2,747
8,8U
3,372
5
171
ArtidM.
Cord wood....
Poanats
CrosA-tios
Ftrvhrit'k
Clink«fni
SewiTpIpe
Miw«llanuuus
Stock
S75
1,4»
10.
IM
801
m
Comparative statement of commerce passed over the FalU of (he Ohio.
Fiscal year.
1882-'83
188:t-'84
18S4-'85
1885-'86
IRSIJ '87
l^s7 "ss
ISS.s '.vO
18SI»-'IK)
1890-91
Openrlrer.
Bosconding
Tessels.
yo.
1,204
1,384
708
1,200
1,703
1.514
893
2,807
1,880
Tons.
308,340
432.676
231,006
408, 010
•91.074
803.237
383.001
1.368.174
•40.867
No,
170
aoi
•5
878
1,101
777
0,000
80,781
M.3M
ifli.sao
H H3.
OrKKATlXtJ AND (WRK OF LoriSVILLE AXD PORTLAND CANAL,
TITKV.
Tho work of operating the canal comprises that necessary fhr the
n^t^ulation of tratlie and coniniorce passing through it, aud is performed.
uiulor th<^ iminodiate directions of a master lock maiiager by a fivroe
comprising 1 deputy lock manager, 1 lock master, 1 assistaiit look
m:ister, 4 engineers, 4 firemen, 4 lock hands, 1 bridge tender| 1 night
watchman, and 1 laborer.
. ^ J
APPENDIX HH — BEPORT OF MAJOB LTDECKBH. 2395
Ehiring the past fiscal year the lotks were availablo for the pHSsnpe
of i-oiiunene fnr 2SG days, an»i clused 79 days by reason of high water.
Tbe care of the caoal is umlcr the imiiicdiat<? su^Hnvision «f an us-
Bistant engineer who ia charged with the work of repairs on the caiiitl,
locks, and dry dock, dredging the caual aiid its approaches, and the
care of bridges belonging to the United States connected with the work.
Operations duiiug the past fiscal year have included the partial coii-
Rtriiction of a set of new middle gates, the const^iiction of two uww
dump scows with a capacity of KB cnbic yanls each, the repair of two
old ones and their enlargemeDt to an increai«ed capacitry of about 2<'i per
cent.; trimming rough projections on the canal walls, which have been
the canse of considerable damage to passing boats; dredging, and minor
repairs to machinery, boats, bridges, and buUdiuga.
NEW MIDDLE GAVeS.
These are designed to replace the old ones in the new locks and will be
47.75 t'oet long and 32.87ri feet high; or 2 feet higher than the old ones.
W lien they are placed in position it is proposed to raise the timber cop-
ing, which was pat on the lock walls in February, 1890. to the level of
tin- top of the new lock gates, the practical efiect of which will be to
raise the waUs of the upper look to a reference of 48.45 (instead of 46.45,
as originally bnilt), thereby providing for the use of the locks np to that
stage and so materially increasing the nnmber of days for the passage
of commerce throngh tliem. It is expected that this will be accomplished
during the present working season.
TEIMMING CAXAL WALL.
This work can only be done when the water in the canal is low, and
for I liat rcAson but comparatively little was accomplished during the past
.M*:ii-: rlifi work will be continnwi whenever practicable until all proini-
(Hill [iiiijectrrtns have been removed; an additional csiimate of $1,500
till ilii^ imrpose is submitted.
BOCK EXCAVATION OP CHANNEL.
This Work is to give an adeijuate low-water riuinucl in the approach
to ihtf lower lock, but tliehiKhstsigeof wuter tliat |>re vailed throughout
the ycai' prevented anything bciny done,
DHICDOING.
The dredges worked as usual during the year in removing mud and
sand rroiiitlie canal and its approaches. Mndi trouble was experieuccd
ill kfcping the lower approai-b clear of sand, which was carried by the
t-iiircnt fniin a bar that had formed a short distance above, in snch
ijiniiitities as to make a deposit in a single night of from 4 to 6 feet in
de|>th.
The dilajiidiited eonditiim of the low dam, extending from the bead
of Sand Island to the Iiidiiuia shore, had, without doubt, much to do
with the formation of this bar, and it ia therefore proiK>sed to repair
it at the first favorable opportunity. The total amount excavated by
the two dredges during the year was I00,5S.'i cubic yards, the aggregate
number of working days for the two being 351.
2396 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AEMt.
DRY DOCK.
Tlio dry <lo*k was ii>;o(l tor tho ro])airof 10 stoainl)r>ati5; ami 10 bar^eR
Ix^on^ii^' to privat^i parties duriiijf a period of 57 days IS lioui-s, the
docking fees derived therefrom being $()77.49. For repaii*^ of bimts be-
longing to the work the dock was in use 20 days.
BRIDGES.
The bridge over the canal at Eighteenth street was newly floored
with Georgia Pine in May, 1S91, and lumber has been purchased lor
retlooring the bridge at tlie new locks.
Both of tlH»se bridges are deemed unsafe stnictures, being trass
bridges, lUMirly all the members in which are of cast iron of small se*;-
tional ar-ea; they are likely to give way at any time under the passage
of heavy loads, and shcmld be replaced by suitable wrought iron stnictures
capable of safely passing any load that is likely to reach them. That
at the new locks is in the poorer condition and the more subject to
dangerous loads, and an estimate of $10,000 for replacing it is submitted.
REPAIRS AND MISCELLANEOUS WORK.
Ordinary repairs to dredges, boats, buildings, and ma<*hinory were
made as required. The towboat was docked and calked, nosings newly
ii'oued, new mud and steam drums put in place, and outside work
])aiuted. The framing shed, engine houses and shelter sheds at the
locks were i)ainted. A new fence was substituted for the dilapidated
old picket fence on the crest of the southerly canal bank, from Four-
te(Mitli street to the bridge at the locks.
The slope revetment at lower lock was rebuilt in part, and the re-
mainder will have to be rebuilt at an early dayj the river bank below
the lock shouhl also be revetted.
The estimated cost of operating and care of the canal during the
year ending June ^50, 1892, is as follows:
Ro^xular force $36, 000
Extra laljor 5, 000
(icncral repairH 6,000
Miscellaneous, fuel, oil. etc (i, 500
New ^uanl gates, ne\v locks 8,000
Ni'W guard gates, old locks 2, 500
Coiu])leting new middle gates, new lock 4, 5(K)
]^el»uilding "2 mud scows 2,500
New bridge at new locks 10, 000
Sloj)e revetment, at and helow new lo; ks 2,500
Kock excavations, channel helow loi ks 15,000
Trimming canal walls and rock helow 1, 5(K)
Kxten<ling city water suj)i>ly to locks 3,000
New winding engine at locks 1,000
ContingiMicies : 5.000
'f
Total 108,000
The unexpended balance from alioiment of last year, exclusive (dliabilities
now outstanding, is .' $20, 2.30. ♦12
riie juldi tional aUotment requireil for the year ending Juno 30, 1892 78, 7tJJ), 38
'I'
The usual statements of expenditures and connneree on tlic canal,
ai'i* giv(Mi l)(»low, and the re]iort of K. II. Jones, assistant engineer,
showing in more detail the opeiatious of the year, is transmitted here-
with.
p
API
finnm-i
nl ulalm
K^rHpl
I and care of the
aI year ending June
Thckain
RentofUml
Total
Eipenditnres:
OfBce and cpneml nilniiiiiHlni
Cnnnl ami liirkx
Dredginc
Total
Conipleting two new rami ecoivn .
TTioiminf; Cflnal wall nnil rnrk l>i'
Rxrnvntion nf I'tinnnr), In wit •'iiti
Itnildixft now iiii<l<llr tuMi-K
■■ - ■ of.-it.vwaU.r-|.i,H.«...
Aggregute
Slalemml »ft«iriiifl timl n/pafinii hmih n«d frrigfil rtroHflA canal fnr the jltDot year i
, jHHt -W, itat. HHiIrr ordinarji rMNHinjf erpenntt.
Per lorkagr $8. 47 +
Per l-ont 0.66 +
Per toil 02]V+
SlalfmrHl o/ ivpcHdiliirCi for npcr<il'i«g and rnrr nf [.ouhulle and Poiilniid Canal for
Jiiml j/.Yir- iitriin;/ Junr .',", ISOl.
Omre nud gfinriil iidiiiiiiii<ti'atii>]i :
S»Inri'-H t5, 128
Total 6,041.58
Caniil :tii.l Imk.. :
LiilMir 21,502.32
P-'l'I'li-'- 2.W2.41
Ri.jiaiisMn.l.Mi:! Ii.lx.r 3, ]5ti. 10
Total 27, (KO. S3
DrrdKiiij;: ~
Lalior 11,419.18
.SMl.f.lies 4.Q2K.68
Kp|.air« 6,2!t3.92
Tut:(i 21 , 74 1 . 78
firaii.l total 55, 424. 19
<■..mplrliugtwon.-v.-miid-s.ows 2,356,82
Trimming euniil wail nnd r.i.k Wlow , fi24.2S
Kxoiivationof,-li.inTipl, ]ow.Ti-iilr!i!i.-.- tni-aiiiil 477.98
Knil.liiignewinid.ll,- Kill.'- 4,!»73.93
Eitepniimol'city w:ilri -]ii)ii > 10.00
AggreijiitL- 64,407.18
2398 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENQINEEBS, U. 8.
1
Abstract of proposals for furnishing and delirering forage ai ike LoMlUnUe mmd PmrUmnd
Cai ~ ' ' '
Mnal, r&'vired in response to the advertisement dated May 14, 1891, a$id opemei jim§lS,
SOI, by Maj, G, J, Lydecker, Corps of Engineers.
Articles.
B€«t timothy hay l>oiXD(Ui.
Beat black oats ' boshels.
Best middliii^H bnin pounds.
Best ear com boBhels.
Best wheat straw poomU.
Total cost
Qnantity
(more vt
leas).
* llcoomiiicnded for aooeptance.
10,000
900
000
100
100
l.BldofG«orn
Becker and 8.
Berilltt.
110.90
.H
t.80
.OB
t.80
S. Bid of
t Per hnndiedwd^ii.
190.80
.48
tLOO
.80
t.80
»lS8
Abstract of proposals for coal, received in response to the advertieemeni dmted Mmg 14^
1801, and opened June IS, 1801, hg Maj. G. J. Lgdecker, Corps ofEngimeen.
No.
Name of bidder.
Rind of ooal.
•1 Austin H.Dugan..! Best Pitt sbiirff busfieli-..
Si'cuiul r«M)l TMitslnirir do...
Ohio Ki viT or K iiiia wha do. . .
Aiithrnriti'. cjr^ tons..
Antliracit«\ nut do. . .
Total cost
QiuBtity
fanon or
kH).
18.000.
000 r
84,000
8
8
Recommended for acceptance.
tOLU
.11
.88
7.S8
7.S8
4,878.88
Statemetit shotoing amount and cost of excavation bg dredging during tkeJUoai
June oO, 1S91.
Time at work dnys.. . 861
Cubic yards excavatod iimnber.. 100^ 6B6
Cubic yardfl excavated per cl:iy do S86
Cost I
Wages for the year $11,419118
Repairs and Bupplit's for thr yrar 1€^S2SL60 •
Total 31,741.78
Wages per day for year SL9B
Repairs and supplirH per day 38.81
Cost per actual workinfc day 8L9I
Cost per cubic yard excavation 0l81
Statement of dredging during the fiscal gear ending June SO, 1891*
Working
days.
Prodpe No. 1
Dredge/. -"/if i7/.'
Total
184
187
851
i
1,808
S:S
181,888
V
APPENDIX HH — KliPORT OF MAJOR LYDECKEK.
Louisvtu.E, Kr.. .lutteSO, 1.
fmporl of opcratiniiii fur tlii
yoiu ending Juuv 30, 1891 1
The ('ompletiiiii of these gates has heon delayed by the difllt^ntty of abtainini; the
o»k timber requirorl, bnt a larua amouiiti of work hns been ilone in dressiii;; anil
fr.'iniinK the timber tocuived. AU the castings fur the gates have been delivered
The wroueht-iron triias rods, simps, and bolts are also prnctinally completed.
About sistf pieces of oak timber are roquirod to cuuiplute both gates, and as soon
as Ibvy are dsliTered the gitl«H aan be pat togother leady for launching.
After the gates have been lunnched they will be towed into the loch, the oldsatea
removed, and the new ones erected in their pluce with as little delay as possible.
The new gates will each be 47.75 feet long and ail.S75 feet high. The top of the
nuw icates will be 2 feet higher than the old gates origiiiully were, and will reach
elevation le.tS. By raieln;; the timber coping on the luck wall, new at elevation
47.70, U) theexteiit of 0.75 loot, the nppet look otto be operated up toaatugoof water
equal to 13.45 feet on upper gauge of caoal.
No w<»k luM been done under this bead during the yoai.
Mtro 8C0WH.
iiV '. ■! i"ii ii.Li li:r r . !■ . . T'. . ' ■-■"■■■'■■ r_'. 25 feet wide, tuid thi-ir
],■ ■ ri very atrouglj b\iilt
1 , :■■! tho hoppers enliirgcd
•D ihac iney now conluin aboui ,tu cubic yarcm oi matenai, an increaae of abont 10
cubi.' yards over their former carrying capacity.
The 'increase of carrying capacity in botn new and old scows has greatly facilitated
the work of dredging in canal as each trip of the towboat conveys a greater quan-
tity of miiterial to the dumping ground with no increase cost lor iuel or labor. Tlie
two rcmalniug old scows should be rebuilt dnring the coming fiscal year in order to
bave a reserve against possible accident to the boats already in use.
Out of the appropriation of $1,000 for performing this work, about two-thirds bave
been expended in iircsHing oil* roughly projecting portions of the canal wall. The
work can only Tie prosecntrd during comparative low stages of water, and has been
thrii'i- interrupted during tlio tistal year by sudden rises in the river.
If a low stage of water should prevail during the present season, the work, which
in of groat importance to boats umng the canal, can be resumed. This w«Dk is done
by stonecutters workiu^ from a raft in the canal.
EXCAVATION OF CHANNEL, LOWKII KNTRANCK.
The water was too high during the Hscal yenr to permit of drilling and blasting
the rock in chnnnel «t lower entrance to canfil. When the river commenced falling
cvprvthing was put in readiness lo begin work, even to tbenrocureinentof dynamitir
and exploders, but Just .ih the working stage wus ncared the river rose again and
prevented the prosecution of the work.
lEDGINO IN CANAL, ETC.
The United Statvs towboat and t
mad &ora the canal and ai>pruaebes
herewith.
2400 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
1
A high average stage of water prevailed dnriug the spring of 1891, as was the ease
during the year 1890.
On the falling of the river a large har made its appearance in the river opnmita
and above the mouth of the old locks. As the river continued to fall the sann JVom
this bar was cut out, swept down by the current and deposited in the channel at
lower entrance of new locks.
It lias only been by the most persistent effort that a channel for the pnsMige of
boats to an<i from the new locks could be maintained. The channel w»h reiH*at«illy
dredged out only to l>e refilled with siind from above. A sinjgle night would snffira
to fill in from 8 to 6 feet of sand in what the day before had i£own good wntcr.
It is believed that the pre84*nt broken down condition of the low damlemling frmn
the head of Sand Ishmd to the Indiana shore is responsible in part for the m^poiiit
of sand at this point.
Kcpairs to the dam now in cx>n tempi at itm will direct » greater volnme of water to
the south channel, and tliereby effect a scouring before the river reaches a very low
stage.
UNITED 8TATE8 TOWBOAT.
The towboat was placed in dry dock, her hull examined and calked and mdclrn
repaired. The guards have* been repaired, new irons place<l on nosing, new mud find
steam drums put in place, and the exterior of the boat painted. Other slight rei»ain
were ma<le from time to time as necessary.
DREDGES.
Ordinary re]>airs made to both dredges as required, and a new canvas coveriiig
jdaced on the roof of the Loniaville.
BARGKS AND SMALL BOATS.
Slight repairs were made to these boats as required.
DRY DOCK.
Tlie dry dock 1ms been used by outside parties for the purpose of repairing steam-
boats, barges, etc. Ten steamboats and 10 barges have useci the dock foraperiudof
57 days, 18 hours ]>aying therefor dockage fees amounting to $677.49. For thepu^
pose of repairing boats, etc., belonging to this work the dock has been occupieafor
a period of 20 days.
BRIDGES.
A new upper floor of Georgia ]»ine was laid on the Eighteenth Street Brid^, May
2^), 18!U. Temporary repairs were made to the flooring and Joists of the' bridge it
tlui new locks. Lumber has been received for replacing the entire floor on thii
bridge, and the first favorable opportunity will be taken for doing this work.
Itoth of the iron swing bridges at Eighteenth Street and the new looks are weak,
and should be replaced at an early day by modem wronght-iron stnictnrrs capable of
sustaining the heaviest loads which can ever pass over them. All the rompressive
members of the ])resent bri<lges are cast iron ; the floor systems are badlv demgned,
au<l the connections generally are imperfect nndof such a character t'bnt the strength
of the bridges is greatly impaired.
A sudden im]»act from a very heavy loail might cause a fracture and the total col-
lapse of either or both of the present .bridges.
SUOPS AND OTHER BITILDINGS.
The shops, storehouses, etc., have been repaired when necessary, and the framing
shed painted. •
The engine hons(>s and shelter sheds at the new locks have been painted. Hm
h(»iise at the Inrks. orlj^iually built for a toll collector, when tolls were enforced, has
been repaired by ]>iittii)g on a new tin roof, and minor repairs to the aiding.
OLD RKVETMENT WALL.
A section of the old revetment of bank along the lower new lock hAving fiilleB
down was raret'nliy rebuilt, the stone being built in with cement. Other aootifMH
of the bumc wall will have to be rebuilt during the present flsoul year.
iRT OF MAJOR LYDECKEE.
vnU'repnirn have lit
ing lieeu conilcmnna whh inrn <
ig iitilizHd for other purposes.
lie old picket fence Hloug tlio crest o
■ loeks to Fonttwjnth Struct Bridge "—■
'c of tratvituiiteil linrlieil wire, 6 feet
» placed la foet apart.
STAGKS OF WATKR IK RIVEB AMD CANAL.
he hlxheat stnfje of water occnrred Febrimry 27, 1891, when there were 32.4
ipper, and 58 fli't on lower, ganx*' ofFaiiiil.
he lowcHt wHier wna on August 6, 1890, nheii the »aiue gaiigen Hhuweil 3.G toot
7.5 foet, respectively.
Very respectfuUy, yonr obedient servuut.
. R. .Ill
I Engini:
Corpii of Engiatert, V. i
tmtnt t^f *et$th ji«wrf Ikrongh Ih- iMUuvitti- end 1
prjir mtitiiia June SO, ISfl!
uilbiiid Canal
dxriiiff tkffiteal
'— ■
So.
^
™
w.
■1*7
<Xl
Vc
l-hlh-fl
h.W'.,
Dv-^UL.)
1L..S. 1
Ia
. ' T.m,.
1
T.fHHt '
11 -Mi.-.
UNO 91 ^151
2402 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARHT.
Ftincipal items of commerce j^assed over ihefdlU atid through the canal daring th
year ending June SO, 1892.
Articles.
Salt
Oil
WhiPky .
Tobacoi).
Colt •111 ..
LuiiiUor .
Corn
^Vlioat . .
Irou ore.
Tona.
Coal l,68n,i:W
7, 452
l.«>6
6. 221
12. SfiC
7,{r>. 222
2.2Kti
2, 9M
4,U17
»>
Articles.
Iron
Steel rails
l*rodnce
, Flonr ..'.
Snpar and molassos .
Hav and Htniw
St<>ck
Staves and shingles.
Cement
S'inesar
Tons.
9.137
81.125
8.868
1.373
9.473
9,400
15,294
32.514
7.018
5
Malt
Conl-irood ...
reanutii
Cross ties
Firebrick....
Clinkers
Si'wer pipe...
Miacellii neons
HH4.
IMPhOVKMENT or WABASH KIVEK, INDIANA AND ILLINOIS.
Theiiiiproveineiit of this river has boretofore been considered
appropriated for in two se<*tion8, viz : Improvements below Vince
and iinprovements above Vincennes. The project in both cases ii
same, and aims at securing a navigable low-water channd of 3
and the o])erations to that end include the excavation of chai
through rocky ri^efs, tlic concentration of flow in a single channi
closing all secondary channels, river contraction by *^l'e constmcti
dikes and spurs, bank prote<*tion where needed, and the remo^
snags. The single work of any magnitude is the L*onstructionof a
and dam on the Lower Wabasii, ne^r Mt. Oamiel, III.
IMPROVE3LENTS BELOW VINCENNES.
The principal work on this portion of the river is the lock and
near Mt. Carnicl, 111., and most of the work done during the x>ast
was applied tlu^it^to, though no great progress was made becaa
lack of funds during the wtu^king season of 1800; wlien the mone;
propria ted by the act approved September 10, 1890, became avail
the stone required for coniph^ting the lock was contracted for an
delivery at Mt. (.■arinel coinideted June 1, 1891, whence it was b(
to the site of the work. 2^ miles above. Masonry work was resi
June -5, and is now well under way. The total amonnt of mason
the work June 30. LSDl, was <J,090 cubic yards, of which 449 cubic ]
was laid during the past fiscal year.
Ko work has been done on the dam, but a contract for stone reqi
for the abutment on the shore opposite the lock has been enterM
and its delivery has commenced. Derricks and tool houses have
erected pre])aratory to commencing the work of construction.
Tiie only other work doneduring thepa^t year comprised the Ten
of a few «ljm:;ei()n.s snagson the section of the river between Mfc.Ofl
and Coft'ee Cliute: and scmic protection work in the vicinity of (
ville, Avhere a dangerous cut-off has been threatened for several j
past. The levet^ liert^tofore built in this vicinity was extended 1,751
during the year, making its total length at the close of the year'
feet, and the number of spiu' dikes was increased by tiuree^ nuddnj
total now then* leu.
During the present season it is expected to complete the lock am
abutment for fho dam, and some snags may be removed ftoia tdho 1
^ AFPENDIX HH REPORT OF MAJOR LVUECKBR. 2403
riTer, bat the funds available will not permit much work of that aa-
tore.
It is of the ntmoBt importance that the next appropriation he suf^-
cient to complete the dam at Grand Rapids, near Mt. Cariuel, becanse
if once commenced it eliould be pushed thnmgh to completion, in order
to avoid risk of destruction to the unfLoished structure during any period
of suspension.
Kftsides, no benefit can be realized from the lock, now nearly fin-
ished, until this dam is built. The estimat^iMl cost of the dam is tG0,UOO;
thn further eum of JiO.OOO is urgently ncedeil to clear tliia section of
snugs and close the most harmful cnt-offs. and open channels through
the worst shoals.
The inclosed reiMirt of O. L. Petitdiiliur, assistant engineer, in local
charge of this work, gives in more dptail the operations of the year, and
Hupplios the commercial statistics relating to the l^ower Wabash.
MotH'y utaffmvnt.
July 1, 1890, Ulanco nnespondpJi $11,06.% 34
Amount approprintfid liy net np]iroved Sopt.i>Mi1»'t lit, 18iti) 60,000.00
71,955.34
June 30. 1891, amount expeuileddnriiLgflscatyonr 30,154.67
July 1. ItWl, biUauio iiDexneDilrd 41.800.77
.Inly 1. IWtl.uutataniliuglinbnititui SLBHO-fit
July 1, IKOl, auionnt covered by nni'ompl<?U:<l i-miliihcts l>,r>lI.SO
, S. Iff-'. 34
July I, 1881, balnuce available 33,(iOS.43
(Amount (putiniHlpd) rcijuirfd fi>r o«m|iletioa of oxiatinR pr'>|ect 100,(KXl.(!0
Min'iuat Ctia(c»i]tieprolitJit>lyox|i.ii<l<'.liiinHrnl.r<-urcnrURf;.liinc-30,189». 100,000.00
]SiibDiitt«din 1:011) pi i an CO with tbe r<'i|iiii'rmonta<jr(HiuUuus2of rivvt aud
\ harbor acts of 18ti6 omd 1867.
Ah'Irnrt of proiinMnh for fiirniahiHg ttonr fi"
the iritha-h liii-fr. rfi-nvl ia rapoHX to th
oprned April J'J, ISSI, b<i I'aiil, hitie. Mayiii
a of (ibutmenl for dnm In
rio/tii Mar-It ,W. W.''/, itnd
at niilrojil airitch neu the river, at
N
H..ranD.> < liOiT
■VI.- lUrii IFi.l
Quantllj. Price. (Jiiui
s, i K.», .r „,
j„„
'■■;";.!
],Tl...ij j^
:.™lHlo„c, B.rking,
T..tnl
!
\<in:.
'"■''■■ ]'<•"'
i.iy
rii,*, il,v.ml\ly. Prion-
s SSriisisHf
:l
'1
color.
ii
lii'"
IS
iii'w 1(11 1 9.«a
».«0 10] . H.W
•von
i'i
;i:,',KS
^;l=£-
2404 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ASUY.
Abstract of proposals for furnishing stone for lock in Waha$h River, received in ret^pamee
to the advertisement dated October 21, 1800, and opened November 20, 1890, by VajfU
Kdw, Mag Hire, Corps of Engineers,
[QuautitioB iu cubic yards and price per cubic varil, delivered at railroad awitoli near the rirer, afclCooiift
darmel« 111.]
^
Ko.
Nanie of bidder.
C
1
Bpei-ial stone.
Ckvping.
Cnt ttmM.
drpjscil flusa.
Junn-
titj-.
79
79
Price.
$16.20
16.50
•Quan-
tity.
236
S36
Price.
$12.15
16.00
Qniui-
Uty.
Price.
1
•>
I^tn)ona Oolitir\'<ton<« Co
Snlni) Sf ono aiiH Linn' ('«»
396
$11.88
IS. 50
3
Diirk lidlluw Dujirrv Co
79 ■ 14.75 236
1
13.25 1 a06
1
13.25
Sq uart>d atone. Backing.
Total cost.
No.
Name of bidder. g„^„,.l q„^^.
tity. i ^^'^' 1 tity. ^**-
1
2
3
; 1
Romona Oolitic Stum> Co 378 $10.26 2^9' $8.64
' i 1
SalnnStonoand LimoCo 378 12.00 289' 11.12
Dark Uoll.»w Qiiari v Co 378 11. 50 289 9. 50
$15,226.92
18, 175. 18
16.631.75
Stone does not eome up ta vp-
quirenientaofapeellkMitiuiH.
Itecommended fn aoeeptaneo.
EXTRACT FHOM ItKPORT OF MR. O. L. PKTITDIDIKR, ASSISTANT RKGIXEKR.
Mount Cakmrl^ III., June SO, 1891,
Major: Ihnve the honor to present tlio following report on the iiuprovemeut of
tho Wabash Kivcr, Indiana and Illinois (below Yinceiinos)^ daring tm) fiscal year
oudiug Juno i>(>, 1^91 :
The works rarriiMl on dnrin^r the last fisoal year have been the work of bank pro-
tiM'ticMi at CravN ilK>. 111., the const rnctitni of the lock at Grand Rapids, the receiving
and boating oi'stono from Mount Canuel to the site of the look, and the removal of a
few snags and rocks from the channel.
GRAYVILLK UKND CUT-OFF, 62 MILES FROM MOUTH OF BIVBR.
The object of work at this place has been the protection of bank and preveotion of
a threatened cut-otf at a point 2 miles above the town of Grayville.
Tlie cut-otf would liave not only shut off the large sawmills and town of Grayville
from the river, but would also have caused a detorioration of the river by increasing
tlie surface slopr wiihiu a very short distance.
The work doiu' at (irayvilh* has consisted at lirst of the protection of cavine river
bank by nii-ans of piliu«; brush and stone, and later on by meauB of spnr dikes ex-
ti'udiu*:: from the bank at right anj]r]es to the current, thi3 bein^ supplemented with
a levee across th«> incipient cut-off, and extending on either side for a considerable
distaucr.
The wnik dunii*: the past fiscal year has consisted of the construction of the three
acUlitJiuial spur «likcs :ind extension of levee some 1.750 feet further east.
^^ix thou>aud and twiuty-one lin(>ar feet of timber, 1,500 pounds of iron, and 450
cubii> yard^ of Moue have been used in the construction or the spur dikes; while
l^(.(i()i' Cubii yanls of cart li have been used in the construction of extension levee.
The cost of earthwork iu levoe has Ih'cu quite low, being nearly IS^ cents per
cubic yard: the work bein<<: done by means of scrapers; the total amount spent last
year brinjx nearly $4.<MX>.
The work at <>rayN iUe Hend consists now of 6,080 feet of lovee completed and In
good order, the former piliui;. rock and )>rush protection, and 10 new spnr dikes.
The work M'tMiis to be ioni]>b*ted. <M* at least in such shape that it can be let alone
until flirt hiM- action of tt]«> river demapils additional work i|i a new direction.
The natnn- of the alluvial banks as re^anlsMiape of bend and direction of evmnfe
duriu<; hiirh water, friability, and sMbimT^ence during Arenhets is snohy however,
that we can not fecl^ertaiu at any time but that a new cnt-off may not talm plaes
at somt> point not yet pr(>tected.
The land owners contiguous to our levee keep demanding a ftarthisr mtwrioB rf
APPENDIX HH — ^BEPORT OP MAJOE LTDEGKBfi. 2405
Icr»«, iirKliiK f.lift jirMnrioe of ornsioiis. which have alrwuly tnken place, an infUen-
tf IH vrXililc tliiit. iiii PXli-iinion ul' li'V.-n uI'MKUiraNI Hh-I. ixlililioiml lni;;lil. give
!!■ II i;ri<M(4^r tim-urily itKitniit Ills I'liiluro ol' wiirk ulr<ii<h- diiiii^, Imt tliis I ilu mil I'oi'l
lik" iirifitiK or »v«u nH'utiuiwiKlinK uuljl yvii hitv« liiul tue npiuirtuuity uf suoLug the
Kriniii.1.
llii'M iB 111! ■liMilit lliiit Ihii oxlt'uiioii ol li'vi-i' n unid liiMibQt ttir prupnTt;f ovniBni
wliiiBi' liitiil !>■ ii'i' I iiii -.ii iini t.iir i-..ri..r. .-iini\iLV thusuuu reiuMinini; would ni>t
.■jiiwf im Id i-Mi ii : ! ■ . . ■ .;,,:.,, i in- IiUIb, 4 or fi mUea uwn.v,
Sliixilil imIiIiii'-i, .: lull. I- 1 :.i til !■« uro^sisl lo uxtiiiil tbe
wtirkx uf li»ii)v (jkjli 1 iK^ij ^:ul iiu.-i-^iLI'. i,Lt 111.: Ill .. ,u\\, I'lili ilik« Iruiii t\w hiuik tti Cht)
U>w howl of Hull V«9 lAlatiil, -u ui.lir (■> <Iil''<'I the ihiiiim-l uirMi<> iiurth nidn uf
I-OCK ASD DAM AT UIUXI) KAPHW, i^H tm.eS.AIIOVB MOUTH OF RIVXR.
'rhi< work at Ihia iiliice, (roiiHiatiii); uf n lui-k will iliim ut Oritnil Rniiiik, 21 mflea
nlwve Huoiit Curmt^l. lit., is to take lh» pliu'c of n former luck iiud uoin hiiUt by
Uir Wabitsh Navigation Company in 1H13, the old lock and dam built of riih work
hsviii)! In-i?ii partially wushea away.
Whi.-o roinpluteil this dam will raiiie tho level of the nuter 11.00 feet aliovelbo
Irvi'l uf wat«r at lower end of lock and will at once remove the zreaf-eKt obstmution
to iiHv igatiiiu uu tlio Wabash Kiver, whidi coiisiils of achbinof rooks beginning at
llriiiiil Rapids and cropping ont iii Hevural placM for a distance of 10 i»ile«, ai'tuallf
riitltiic.tho ns.vi|»tion of tlie Wabash River iu tvu, except at high-water ata^M.
Tiielnnk, which was well advanced at. begiuuinf: of fiscal y«ar,han, owing to want
of siilHcient AiodB to purclia«e the renininder of Btone, not bueu couipl»t«a, and we
bAv«i hail to content ouraolreB with laying whatever stone we bod on hum), nnti 1 aucU
ne av^Tab'
tlin* na new ajipiopriationa became av^Tabln.
I'hc mnnnf appropriated hy act of September i», ibmi, neoonung aoon avauaoie, a
rAtitraot for stJ>i>o tn complete the lock wim entered into with the Dark Hollow
SaarryConipany, of Bedfot^, Ind., on November, 20, 1890; delivcryofiiloDe wnscom-
otMl by .liine 1, ISIl, and tbe stone transported to the look by means of onr boat
and barges.
Tlie htyins nf maiuinry was n'Humnd on June 2S, and is now progressing at an
avrrage rnlv of 40 to 4ri rnbic yanis per day.
A rontnu-t lor ntuue for the nbutnieiit of dnni on the njdc of the river opposite to
the lock woneiitcred into with the ItiimomiOolitir StAD<'<'oiiipany, Romonu.Ind., and
atone i» now heiiiji i\imLi'li<'il )iv tbi'in. the dclivi'iv to I'f 1 iniifili'li-il bv Scpti-mber 1,
18!il,
d,-':il"r9intinilMT."
■|^.' work .l..n.- in coimcction with tbe Imk haH bci-n as f..lli.««;
Cubic var.l«.
Mas.,i,rvhiid «))
M;i-.iiry hiid iirivioiinly r.-pm r.il ri,&ll
T..t:lln>n«■>nr^■l«id tod«t« 6,090
■(•■nininiiigtii l>e liinl, iippr.ixliii:il.l.v 1,400
Stono received during the veiir 1, 322
St»nerpi'oived|invioiiBly repur1.1l 4,798.2
■]\>t:il stulie recti veil G, 120. 2
St-m« transported t.. the lock durinj; vcar , 1,322
III ;i.Milii>ii to the niiiHOiirv work repnrti-il. Die upper miter xill iinrl lia wall have
1,1 .11 Im.M.'iI t.i tlH' t..H'er eoi'irM'S i>v U iinh Imlt.' r, f.-,-l lim;; liiid in cement.
Tlie illliiiu: nnil ciiipl.vinj; culrcilH b:it-e liecn Ihtcil uii the bottiim witli two tliick-
iii'-.~.'s iif 2- inch white oak Hheeliii;;. nee lire] v s]iiki-cl to Uiior beams tet in tbe rock
^111. 1 re:ii-liiii;; imder llie w:ill»i oti either Hide; 4,T4<i feet B. M. of oak were used in
]iitiii<i the hiitlom of eiilvert».
Repair- III our engines, dcrrii'kN, traveler track and storeliousea have also been
The wiirk intt'oded to be done durinf; tbe present fiHcal year at tbe locks or in con-
nectiiin therewith, is aa follows:
Cuiupletiun ofland wall of lock, lillin^- ii]> nl' I. :111k licbitiil >v:ill, and paviiifr huiiic;
2406 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABUT.
construction and erection of lock gates and of yalyea for operating, filliiur, and emp-
tviiiji; (MilviTts, cli'unin^ lork i-hamber, and finishing all work abont the Took except
tiie (lii'ilgiii^ :i( iLr head and foot.
On the opposite side of the river it is intended to bnild a masonry abatmenty for
whicli purpose two derricks and a cement house have already been erected.
The work enumerated above will nearl^exhaust the ftinds on hand, and additional
appropriations must be available before the dam (without which all the money spent
here will be useless) ran be even begun.
Our ])resont estimate for the construction of the dam, which will be 1,085 feet long,
is $58,460, and aft^r pondering over all the quantities tmd prices, I am nnable to re-
duce the estiuuiti) to any small<T fi<;uros. It follows that if it is intended to o<miplete
the improvement that our next appropriation to be applied specifically to the dam
should not be l«>ss than $60,000.
Such a sum would, I am very confident, complete the improTcment.
From the nature of the work and the materials that will enter into the constmo*
tiou of the (lam, it is essential that the work be completed in one aeaaon, and thia
can not be done unh'c«8 the whole amount estimated is appropriated at one time.
Should the next appropriation for this work fall short of the amount estimated it
w^ill be necessary to suspend work and wait until by means of successive futore ap-
propriations the amount on hand has been brought to the amount required by the
estimate.
In the mean time the price of timber upon which this estimate is based can not
fail to advance with every year's delay and thus cause an increase of our estimate.
The fact that until oiir dam is completed all the money spent at the lock and
abutment will be unproductive of any good to the interests of narigation must
also have a certain weight.
REMOVAL OF SNAGS.
During the fiscal year some dangerous sna^^s between the bridge at Kount Camel
and the foot ot' Cotfec C'lnit(> were removed with the aid of the Btekard F&rd; several
lar<;e bowldi-rs wiTe altso removed from the foot of Coflbe Chute.
Tho amount expended iu doing this work was about $111. The funds on hand at
the tiuu' did not allow of the boat going out any longer.
]>nriu«;ir the K]>riu<x of 18i)l the Richard Ford was used in towing the stone for lock
from Mount Cannel to the site of lock, being engaged in the work for 17 working
days. This boat, after uniler^^oing various necessary repairs, is now ready for work,
it luMug the intention to have her remove all the snags between Mount Carmel and
the month of river which may be found in the channel. As the Bkitard Fmrd belongs
to thi* White River, it is intended after completing the above work topnt harin
commission for a portion of the fiscal year in that river.
CONDITION OF RIVER.
There having been but very little work done on the lower river during last fiscal
year, the condition of river a tlow water, as reported in my last ^««>w^l report^ has
not improved.
Additional snags are reported in various places, especially at foot of Little Chain
and Blacks Cut-off. Considerable complaint also comes from New Haimony CutK>ff,
which is each year absorbing a larger portion of the discharge of the main river, so
that at ]ow water the channel around RibejTe Island is impassable. Nojprqjeetlbr
an attempt at improvement is submitted, beyond the removal of snags or loose roeks
which may be in the channel, for the re:i8on that it is believed that all our energies
or funds on hand should be turned toward the completion of look and dam atGnnd
Kapids.
llie amount of commerce done on the Lower Wabash Biver during the last fiseal
year shows an increase in the value of the products carried, in foot moM than dnnMii;!
this increase of \^lue being due to the larger proportion of grain carried.
By far the greatest [lortion of the commerce was done during the hi^ water of Feb-
ruary, Marih, and Ajiril, 1801.
I forward herewith lonnnercial statistics of the Lower Wabash, together with eoB-
f»arative statistics of th(> rommerce done both on Upper and Lower Wabash for ths
ast five yi-nrfti.
Very r«>i»i'«t fully submitted.
Your ohtiilient servant,
O. L. Petiididisb.
A$9i$tmmi Bm^mmr,
Maj. (;. ,1. T.Yi>KKi:i:,
L'orpv of J.'mj'nmrs, V. S. A»
APPENDIX HK — REPORT OF MAJOR LYDEOKEH. 2407
rUMMKROLAL STATISTICS.
Lilt of ttcamboali <ilriu-irht.<-l) I'lftiml ••!• Hub.Mh liiitr bcUiw HimtHiu-i JuiSmi fi-nil
year midiiiy June JO, JSSl.
»_^
t™,u*.
WhrnplyiDj.
as
OcculiHul trips.
Do.
Khmv-*--'!"'-
iV A Si. bit
Uuuu. ' CO
CmamrrfMl tIalMic) 0/ Wabath ifivtrr bt^hio FiaMiHU, fiscal jilnr ending Juae 30, 1891.
TtMU.
— —
y™. t™.
"If
„
1
IMl'ltOVEMENTS ABOVE TINCENNES.
Tlierp lias Ih'oh 110 wink dime on tliis i>ortiiiii of tlic river during the
]iast tisciil year. ln-riiiisc there was not sullicient fuiids on lumd at the
)u-;;iiiiiiiii; of tile year, iiiid the aiipropriatiim l»y the aet a]>|ir<)ved Sep-
tember I'.i. IsiHt, eaiiie too hite tii lie used toadvanlaf^e. Nji\i{;ationon.
this seetiuii is now hadjy iil>.striiil«d by snaf;s, and it is proposed to do
as nini-h toward their reiimval as the funds on hand will permit; but
the siintlK'i'^' "nttit ii« in smh a dilapidated londitiiin tliateonsiderable
i-epairs must tie made thereto liet'ore any work ean be done on the river
itself, and tliese repair.s will eall for an expenditure of no less tbau
halt the available appropriation.
If is estimated that an expenditure of $20,000 will remove the prin-
eipal oiist rue t inns to na vibration iioweimiplained of, and if it is proposed
to ;,'ive the lieiietits of sneh improvement this amount should be appro-
priated lor the next fi.-ieal year, and thereafter an inLTiiial appi-opriation
of about »."i,(MMl for the removal of snag.s and maintxinaueti of dams,
shore proteetion, et«,
Kxtraets tmni the rcjiort of Mr, O, L. Petitdidier, assistant engineer,
with eonLinereial istati^tieij ix^latiiig to this seetion of the liver, are trans-
luitted lierewlth.
2408 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
Money stalement.
July 1, 18fK), baljinro nnoKpended $251.78
Aiuoiint api)iopriated by act approve«l Sept«Mul»fr IH, IWKI 5, 000. UO
5, 751. 78
June 30, 1891 . amount expended during fiscal year 9. 52
July 1, 1891, italance unexpended 5^742.26
July 1, ISiH, outstanding liabilities 6.85
July 1, 1?<91. balance available ." 5,735.41
rAniount (estiuiated) required for eonipletion of existing projeet 20, 000. 00
lAiuouuttliat('aubeprotitabIye\]>eud<MlintiHcalyearendnig June HO, 1893. 20^000.00
^Submitted iu compliance with requireuieuts of sections 2 of river aud
I harbor arts of 180G and 1867.
1
KXTKAi'T FROM KF.I*OKT OK MK. (). L. PETITDIDIKR, ASSISTANT EKOINERR.
M(»rNT Cakmkl, III., June SO, 1891,
Major: I have the honor to iiresent the following report opon the imraoTemeut of
the Wabash Kivcr above Vincciuus for the tiscul year ending Jnne SO, loOl:
The ])ortioi) of Wabash River, above Vincennes, u^n which improvementa have
been made, is 9() miles in length. The project has aimed at obtaining a depth of 3
feet at low N\ater by means suited to the various localities and-hy the xemoval of
snags.
The ])ro,jeet for the last fiscal year contemplated the removal of snags from the
channel, but there being but a small unexpended balance at*the beginning of the
year aud the new appropriation becoming available too late last fall to commence
work, no work was done on the ITpper Wabash during the last fiscal year.
CONDITION OF THE RIVBR.
There having been no work done during the past year I can only say that the con-
ditions reported last year have been intensilied, and that the river is now enenmbered
by numerous snags, which lo<lge during every freshet in the locations already the
most restrieted.
S<'vj'ral bi):its ar<» still plyiug above Viucenues regularly. The quantity of com-
merce rarri(>d by theui is considerable, and although showing a small decrease of
business may n4»t necessarily be due to decrease of importinice of the riveTi but to
the lowness of water at the time when crops must be moved.
ruo.iKrr.
• -
It is intended at as early a date as ]>ra«-ticable to ]»ut a snag boat in the field and
begin to renntve the snags.
I'nt'ortunately the steauuT Onnto. with which weU8<Nl to tow the snag SCOW belong-
ing to the r])]>er Wabash, is now beycuid repair, while the snag scow itself will ze-
(piire a considerable outlay before it is ready for service.
I forward with this report tabular statements showing the amount of conuniwe
carried on tite river during the past liscstl year.
Nery respect Inlly submitted.
Vour ohedient servant,
O. L. Pktitdimkil
Maj. <J. .1. l.vr>F.rKT:i{,
Corpn of iliujimrvSf V. S. A,
fciffPEMJlX I! n — REPORT OF MAJOR LYI.KCKER. 2409
Lint uf ttramhimta
JanteKay 1» vtaiimnH toTemiUahi.
CnmbuliuMt .- MO Du.
UiuL W TemTLiutuiind IIut*uiivllle,
Ktienia — - it«Miiiion»l Iripn.
Smink Cou]»r ,' I>o,
J. H. KihhI » Vincaiu- lu niitMiiillle.
raniMFnial tlatUKet of WtAai>\ Sinr above nurtmiu^fiiMl ]ftar mtdliig Jiue ,10, ISOI.
MoreiuuMinio....*. tiKw.. aa
Gmln do... a,DM
I.umlHrb; ateMnbiMt ita-.. MS
Lunlwr iwl lugB nnod ihj... »,*IIU
Pait*eugen--_w......._. _ DEUulwr.. O^QM
HH5.
IMrROVEMEXT OF WHITl". RIVER, INTHANA.
DjirnitioiiH im (liis rivor have aimed at w^'uriiig a navigable low- water
<*liaiintl, uiili :i li.jitli nf 3fe«t, by exiaviitifiri tlmmgh wiky chains and
«iniil\ «i]ii;i]H, :Lii(i rlie rfinstruction of diki's and dams, but dmibt is ex-
(ni-^M''l \vlii'ili.i:ni,\ siibsl;intiaIiin]>rov(-m(.'ii trail bciiiiiiiitiiinetl without
rt'sorting to the mori; radical iinproveineut by the construction of locks
»iid ilauiK.
At the begiauiiip of tlie last fiscal year the balance available was
$.'),L'))."(,(W, but its exjMMulituie was juoliiltited until the bridRes over the
river hiid been rhiiii^cd si 1 as not to nbstinct navigation; tliist restric-
tion was reiniiviMl by the river mid harbor act, apju'ovc)! September 19,
l.S'.MI, but it was rlieii too late in the season, and the sta{;e of river was
tiH) uiit'avoiahle to Jiisiily the euinniciiicriient of oiHTiitious. Accoid-
iiigly there was mi work done duriiiy the ])a»t fiscal year.
The two bridges which were rejiovted as obstructions were the rail-
riiiiil bridges near lla/elton and IJiKlgers, lud. The former has been
]irovi<Icd wirli a suitable (lr:iw, and no lunger interferes witli navigation];
the hiCter remains uaehaiigcd.
During tlie ensuing working seasim it isproi)osed to apply about one-
half of the money available to eoni|ilctiiig the improvement at Kellcy
HijUile bynxk excavation at tlie head of the channel ali-eady excavated,
ami the extension of the south dike on the channel line to the h'tt bank
iif ilie river. The remainder of the appropriation will be applied to
snagging.
1 "nder the pi-esent systcTu of imj)rovcmciLt it is estimated that an ap-
pmpriation of ^ li*,r>(M) to i)e applied to dredging and cleaving the river .
of snags, would serve to clcai- the river of the worst remaiuiug obstnic-
tious: the appiiipriation of this amount is theiefore recommended.
I"\tracts fiom the report of Mr. <). 1.. I'etitdidier, assistant engineer,
transmited herewith, indicated the jiresent condition of the river and
furuUh the statistics of its commerce.
2410 REPOET OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ASM7.
Money statement.
.July 1, 1890, lialance unexpentliMl $5,205.66
J ane 30, 1891, amount expended during fi8«'al year ^34
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended ' 6,175.32
{Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 12, 600. 00
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending June 30, 1883 12^ 600. 00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of aections 2 of xiver and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
EXTRACTS FROM REPORT OF HR. O. L. PlCnTDIDIXBy AflSIOTAMT XNOimER.
Mount Cabhxi, III., Jium SO^ 1891,
Major: I have the honor to present the following report on the improYemfint of
White Biver, Indiana, during ttie fiscal year ending Jnne 30, 1891:
• • • • • ' • •
CONDITION OF THE RIVSB.
The condition of the river at low water is far firom being satisllMtoiy, not only
on account of the numerous snags which have not been removcMl for sevend years,
but mainly for the reason that at low water the depth of water over the ahoals is in-
sufficient for the only class of boats whose operation can be made a sncceaa commer-
cially.
True the depth of water at Kelly Ripple, where the main improvement hat taken
place, has been increased permanently so tnat boats drawmg 2 reet can paaa through
it at any time, but the available depth both above and below has not been inoreaaed
correspondingly, neither can it, in my estimation, be increased except by such "^^wna
as locks and dams.
The bridge operated by the Evansville and Terre Haute Railroad, near Haaolton,
which has for years been a total ol>struction to navigation at low water, haa been
])rovidt^d during the fiscal year with a draw suitably located so that boats can pass
this point at any time.
The railroad bridge at Rodgers is still unprovided with a draw, but it does not
ap))oar at present that the intt^rests of navigation ore suffering hereby.
The commeree done on the White River during the past fiscal year, although Ihr
from being inconsiderable, seems to show a fiiUing off from the statistics ffiven the
previous year. No special importance is- attached to this, however, as the transpor-
tation of grain by the river route depends almost entirely upon the stage of wftter,
at the time the cro])s are ready to be moved.
Tabular statements showing the amount of commerce done during last fiscal year,
also comparative commercial statistics for the last 5 years, are fbrwarded with this
report
During the present fiscal year it is intended to expend the funds on hand in com-
pleting the improvement at Kelly Ripple and in removing the snags in the cbanneL
The water is now at a favorable stage and work will begin in a few days.
» * # « • ••
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
O. L. PETrmimKR,
Maj. G. L. Lydeckek,
Corps of EntfinecrSf U, S, A,
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
List of steamboats (siern-whcvl) plying on White Hiver, Indiama, during Jitcal fear endinm
June SO, 1891.
Xunieof boat. Tomiage. When p|jlag,
Kinnm Couper Do.
Dinna UO
J. 11. Kussfll I 75
PBtorsburg to
Do.
APPENDIX H H — EEPORT OF MAJOR LTDECKEE. 2411
ComiMrcidI itaCiiHcf of Wkitt Bivtr, Ittdiana, fiieal year »»dinj iTKiitr SO, iSSt.
Yem.
tm*.
™Ei^a;.
1887
27.000
imooow
iS
7i;i«i:oi)
sM.sso.oo
FKELDflNAKr EXAMINATION OF WABASH RIVER, INDIANA, FROM TERRA
[TEBEEl HAUTE TO LA FAYETTE, WITH A VIEW OF REMOVING OB-
STKUCTIONB OF SNACS AND BARS AND REP^STA BUSHING THE NAVIGA-
TION OF SAID RIVER BETWEEN THESE CITIES.
[Pfluted is QuUK Ex. Duo. Mo. SS, Flny-Stat ConfTMH. artooA «Mi[oii.]
Office of the Chief (»f ENCfiNKERS,
Unitf-d States Army,
Washington, D. C, December 5, 1890.
Sill: I have the hoDor to submit herewith the accompanying copy of
report datotl November 24, 1890, &om Gapt. Edward Maguire, Oorpe of
KnijiiK-era, giving resiilt*i of preliminary examination of Wabash itiver
from 'iV-rre Haute to La Fayette with a view of removing obHtnictions
of »niigs and bars mid rei^^tAblishing tlie iiavigatiou of said rivei' be-
tween these cities, mode to comply nith provisions' of the river and
biirlHir act approved September ID, 1890.
I.'iiptaiii Miiguire reportJS that, in bis opinion, the strcteli of the Wabash
Kiver referred to is not worthy of improveuM-rit. Col. O. M. I'oe, Corps
of Engineers, Division Engineer, Northwe.st Division, coincides in tlua
opinion, and the views of these officers arc coocurred in by this office.
Very respectfully, your obedient scrviuit,
Thos, Lincoln Casey,
l/vig. Gen., Chief of Engineers.
IIoii. Eedfield Proctor,
Secretary of War.
report of captain edw. maglilre, corps of engineees,
Uniteu States Engineer Office,
Louiitcilte, Ky., Nowmher 34, 1890.
General: In complianre with circnhir letter of September 20, 1890,
I hiivc to submit the following reiMtrt, base<I iijion a preliminary exami-
nation made under iny direction by A.s.mtant Engineer O, L. Pctitdidier,
of the Wabash River, Indiana, from Tcrre Haute to La Fayette, with a
view of removing obstructions ()f suags and bars and reestablishing the
oavigation of said river between those cities.
The river between Terre Haute and La Fayette is approximately 107
miles in length, its normal width being about 300 to 350 feet in the
upper half and 400 to 500 feet in the lower half of thnt reach.
At the time of examination the stage of the river was about 8 inches
2412 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
above tluit of lowest water. In the upper 89 miles, whieh were YMiA^ed
over in a r<»w boat, then* were foiiial to l^e tweuty-iiine, sainl inul •jfi-.ivel
bars. Tlio (lejith over tlie majority ot* these bars was siittirleiil to per-
mit of a boat drawing llMneheabeiiig wari>e(i tliix)ugli thebe^t channel,
but in two or three cases a boat drawing 10 inches could hardly have
bt^eii dragged through.
The upiKToO mih's of the rea<;h were almost free from snags, but fhe
latter increased ra]>idly in size and number beh)w Big Pine Ci'eek, the
mouth of which is about GC) miles below La Fayette.
The streti'li (►f river under consideration is also crosaed by a number
of county road and railroad bridges unju'ovided with draws, or so
hK'ated as to render navigation very diflicult. At Attica, where three
bridges are lo<*ated near to each other, not only is navigation very-dilB-
cult at any stage, but it is almost impracticable at low water on aecount
of the largi^ quantities of riprap protcH'ting the f<»undationsof the piers.
The number of bridges between La Fayette and Terr^ Haute are 9
in number, located as follows: 3 at Attica; 2 at Covington; 1 at Lodi;
1 at Montezuma, and 2 at Clinton. The 6 first mentioned are without
draws, and the minimum clearance 3(> feet 3 inches.
In addition to the above the remains of the piers of a former bridge
obstruct the channel 4 miles above Covington. At present there is one
small boat which navigates the stream, and that one was at the time of
the examination tied up at Terre Haute waiting for a rise in the river.
The freight carried on the river is purely lo<*al and comparatively in-
signiticant in amount and Aalue. It consists of com, wheat, staves,.
railroad ties, and some brok<Mi stone. The coal is carried by the rail-
roa<l which skirts the river for the whole distance under cronsideration.
In view of the aboAC my opinion is that the stretch of river referred
to is not '* worthy of improAcmeiit '' for the foUowing reasons:
(1) Owing to the obstructions due to bars and bridges navigation at
low water is impracticable; at medium stage only very small steamboats
can navigate the river; at high w^atcr the bridges are complete obstiTic-
tions to any navigation. •
(2) The stream flows through an alluvial region and its banks are
low and easily washed. Hence any system of improvemenii looking to
the production and maintenance of an unobstructed navigable ehannel
would be so costly as to render it unworthy of consideration at present-^
(3) The result of careful inquiiies does not lead to the anticipation of
any important increase in commerce, and hence ^^the present and pros-
pective demands of commerce" are too slight to be worthy of consider-
ation.
Very resj)ectfully, your obedient servant,
Edw. Maoitibe,
Captain of Engineers.
Brig. Cen. Thomas L. Casey,
(liivf of Engineera^ U. S. A.
(Through Col. O. M. Toe, CinT>s of Engineers^ Division Engineer,
^Northwest Division.)
[I'irst intlorftement.]
i:. S. ExauvEEB Office,
Delroit Mich.y yovember i^, 1890.
Eespectiully forwarded, with reiKut that I concur in the viewK of
Captain Maguire as hcr(*in exi)res.setl.
O. M. POB,
ColonrU (Uyrpn of EngineerM^
Division EiHjineery Xbrthtce$t Divition,
APPENDIX II.
IMPHOVKMFNT OP fiREAT KANAWHA, ELK, ASD QAULET RIVER8. WEST
VIRHINU, AND OF NKW KIVEE, VIRGINIA AND WEST VIRGINIA.
WITR OTHUn I)OCUMEN-J\S RELATING TO THE WORKS.
IMPROVEMENTS.
1, Orent KHnawlin River, Went Virpinia. I 3, E!k River, Wert Vircinin.
3. Operating anil tare of liii'kit hiii] diiins 4. Gauley River, West Virginia.
on Great KauitwLa Rivor, Wvnl Vir- 5. New River, Virgiuia and West Vii-
ginia. | ginin,
EXAMINATION,
6. £Ik Eiver, Wust Virghiiii, rnilh a viuw nr improving tbe same by locks and dauia.
asmittjil see Aiipeudix I.)
I I I.
IMI'IJOVKMRNT 01' (iR]:AT KA.NAWHA IIIVER, WICJ^T VIRGINIA.
Till- ritij.Tl .if till: iiiipii.verMeiit. li;is lic'ii to give ii doptli of n..t less
lliiiii ti IW-t ;ill tiji- vr;ir ruuii.l ilii.m^^lii.iil IIji- wli-.l.! nv.-.r, !") niili-s.
Tlir TiUMDs ;irf l..r!;s :iiiil (l;ims. 'I'lii- l.irks JilV almiit -"MHHiv TiO fret
jibovt-riiailrst-ifi. iiMil al.niit:;tOl.y.M tV.-t liWow. The followhi;- table
shows the pieseut tiiiniiliiiiii
Ul.nf ICO.PICW
Kemark..
l.n,-.™tio«.
2414 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGIKEERSy U. 8. ABMT.
Two more sites will require to be occupied below No. 9. Some dredg-
ing is also necessary in some of the pools^ as well as the occasioiial re-
moval of snags and rocks.
It is expected that liocks 7 and 8 will be completed in 1891, as weU
as the foundations of Dams 7 and 8. When these two locks and dams
are added to the linished works, there will be a very great gain in the
availability for navigation at all seasons on the river.
. Mr. A. M. Scott has continued to exercise the local charge in his
usual efficient manner. His report, which is appended, treats in detail
of the operations of tlie year.
As the improvement of the river has progressed the commerce on it,
notably the shipment of coal, has greatly incrccosed.
The telephone line has been maintained between the central offioe in
Charleston and the locks, and it is used by night as well as by day,
being found indispensable for the proper oversight and direction of the
ox)erations, a^ well of construction and of maintenance.
A guage-reader has been kept at Kanawha Falls, near which place
the Gauley joins the New to foim the Kanawha River: and another at
Hinton, where the Greenbrier empties into the New Kiver. OTie com-
pensation of these men is less then $10 a mouth each. Th^ send to
the central office daily reports, by postal cards, of the sta^ of the river
at tlieir respective stations and by telegraph when there is a rapid rise.
These reports are necessary as warnings to the central office in Charles-
ton, in order that such maneuvers of dams, etc., may be had in time, as
the height and duration of the freshets may require.
For perfect security a similar station should be occupied at some
point on the Upper Gauley, and perhaps also on t^e Elk.
Money statement.
.Inly 1, 1800, halanr** iinoxpondod $280^370.25
Aiiiniint ap]iropri:itiMl by su* t approved SeptoinluT 10, IJflW 800,000.00
*
560,370.25
June 30, 1891, amount oxpcD« led (hiriiij; fiHcal yrar 135^895.23
July 1, 1801, Lnlance nnexpemlfid 414^475.02
July 1, 1801. outstaudini: lirtMlities $4,000.00
July 1, 1801, amount eovered by uiieompleted roiitra<-t8 346,349.19
360,319.19
July 1. l.*«01.bMlauri« available 04,125.83
'Amount vestiniatiMh required for completion of existing project 670^000.00
Amount that ean be protitably expended in fiseal year ondiucJiinoSO, 1803 500^ OOOlOO
Submitted in eonipliance ^vith req^uircmeuts of 9ectioiis 2 of nvw ftftd
harbor acts of 18G6 and 1^7.
^^■'^ APPENDIX II REPOHT OF COLONEL CHAIGmLL. 2415
Ahttrett 0/ propoiat* for building Dam Ko. T of ti« Qreal Kanamku. Uicer iinprotment,
op<w<«i 'ill Iht United Statet Engineer Offict, CXarlaton-Eanatcka, )V. Fa., at 3 p. m.,
Utnnmb^r S, ISOO.
An
^
•AW^-i-
No. ].
Mnnford &
oldB. Look
W.Tii.
bare, p..
Bid.
Anmnnt.
Bid.
»5O0.0O
'SffiS
BOO.UU
780. 00
SS.GOOOO
«,IMfl.O0
1.550.00
'moo
1,350.00
*.TO0.OO
1.380.00
" W.30
S
2.00
LOO
7.00
its
33.00
a. 50
„,S:S
1,4:1]. 00
iiioouioo
.■,v.v,:.'''".'',"..''.'rio.:
85. MM
53,000
ia.000
aoo
8.400
80
200
600
• W.000
*.«w
.80
l.H
T.25
13! 00
15.00
1.50
S.KI
50.00
»Stt?«.«i,«::;:: ■:::::;;;;:;:.:.;,.,i,>,:
ino.oo
Iiwldltag rto...
w. goo! no
M.000.00
Hi
CDlMeoauiuuiDTy
:;:;;::::::::::::!:::
Kipnp, haii'f jiliiml
TlnW in iK'mmii,...
.1" .
>.sso.oo
1.700. 00
ua, 515.00
iaLiii.00
Ammuit aTBU»bl« for ttie oontnct, $150,000. Contract witU Mniiriird St. Keynolda.
Atfiraet of propOfal/or builiting Dam jVu. J
•■prrnr/l nl Iht Unitfd Slalei Engineer Of)
December 19, 1890.
Appmii-
H"Si£.?!S.
titie-.
Bid.
Amount.
*100.00
Tisooioo
Crib loo. in ...tr.-niaii. i»ili-ipiir frwl..
ShK.thiiiE Ill r l,"i"i f.-il, B. M..
TO, 000
is
1.200
i:4.1fl
470
00
280
480
goo
IS
*0.1R
:«5
LSO
17:50
1?:S
1.75
SS'ilnv-S'nl'™.:::-.::::::;; ;■■::: .1"::::
Pnrldlin^' - - rti.,..-
Pokntwl fai* miwimry ,l,i....
Ciit BtiinflniMniiry .. il.i
Sill. .... il......
720.00
1,125-00
10,125.00
sliioioo
1, 575 00
4,»ao.D0
Rip-np. hand plareri .1......
Timber LD|*™,:,i..-n1..„-rni.(i.i„ |i.r 1, I.-.. 1!. M..
Dolt hol«t In nuwonry i~ i Im.-.ir I.-it, .
1,oS0.00
2,000.00
4,400.00
1.380.00
ATailahle fnr Uib oijutract, $110,000.
As thsro w^iK Imt <ine hid, it wiiarnicct™!, ;in(l iiroi>i>»iiln wnn^ n
op^Hed FrhniMry !(>. 1W1. Thoie heiiiK t"" higli ill price, this w
ftod contract vu iiiiule with (J. 1. McDuuuld.
2416 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
Abstract of propomh for ironwork for anchorage and Jixed parts of morabic Dawu Sot, 7
and 8 of the (ircat Kanawha River improrementy ojtrnetl at the United Sfatf§ Enffinett
Office, ('harh'ston-Kauawhay W. Va., at 4 p. wi., Febrnartf W, tS9f,
Approximate <|U!iiititieH:
Wnm j:ht inui pmilidB . . 94, 'W
Gael irou do 333,000
No.
1
3
4
5
0
7
8
9
10
11
V2
13
U
15
U\
17
Xami' ;iiul n-ttidt'iu-u of biddur.
Wrought iron. I Cast-iron. I Total.
Aiii!^Iio, (Nu'linui &, Co., Louisville, Ky
AnnTJraii I>rid>;e mid Inui ('o.. Koaiioke. Vn
IIo('lhi};liotl' & lAinv F(uiiidry Co.. ('inriniiati,
Ohio ,
Melftwo & Lyon Co.. Dayton, ()hi«>
I^iinl>ort l{n>s. Sc Co.. Iniiiton, Ohio
IMueniv Inm Co., Trenton, N. J ,
Ilouton Foundry Co., Chicapro, HI
O. A. &. \V. Thayer, Charleston, W. Va
Variety Inm Works Co., Cleyelnnd, Ohii>
Wni. it. Man*h, Philadelphia, Pa
Th«^ Snead it (,'o. Inm Works, LouiMville, Ky...
RuHsell Whei-l and Foundry Co.. lU'tndt, Mii-lf..
(.^amphell & Zrll Co., I^iltiiuore. Md
C«H)jH»r. Kolx'rtrt &. Co., Mount Vrnu»n, Ohio
Seaife Foundry an«l Maehinc Co., Pittshur;^, Pa
l>e«irb<»rn Fouiidry Co., Chieapo, III
IL T. ^[orrison &.' Co., Petersburg. Va
Bid
per i
pound.
I
I
i Cfntt.
4
4 !
4
8.55
4.55
3.0
3.9 i
3.75
3.79 i
4.72 I
3.3 ;
n ;
3.48 1
7J
4.4
41
: lUii ;
Amouutv jier Amounts
ponnd.!
$3,407.50
3,7(10.00
8, 7(H). 00
3, 7»». 00
3, 3:17 00
4,277.00
3,66li.»0
3, 006. 00
3, 525. 00
3,502.60
4.480.80
3, 102. W»
4,465.00
3,271.2J
7,285.0:1
4. 1:M. 01)
4.386.66
I
Oentt.
3.7
2.4
3.95
2|
3i
3.2
^*.
3.85
3.49
2.94
2.45
H
2.98
H
3.7
.1.
98.835.00
13,06L0O
8,473.00
13,943.50
10,148.75
11,472.60
11,296.00
11,472.60
10,080.80
12.819.70
10,878.20
8.048.59
12,796.35
10,519.40
15,885.00
i:i,061.0J
8.236uflT
Amonntb
$13,333.90
1«,831.0»
13,»2.0i
17,7ia8t
18,485.75
15, 740. 89
14.90.69
10. 188. »
13,905^81
IS, MB. 81
14,816169
11,790.99
17,261.36
13,799.61
23.1701 06
17,197.61
12,1
Contract with tlio Russell Wheel and Fouutlry Company.
Abstract of propof^aU for building Dam No. «v, at the Great Kanawha Biver improvemnif
opened at the (Hited States Engineer Office, Charleetom-Kanawka, W, Va*,mtSp.Wi^
February 10, 1S90,
• "So. 1. O. Irwin
Appnix MeDonald,
iuiate. Pittsburg, Pa.
quanti- ' Z
t ies.
Bid.
(•nrbbin}! and •■leann;;r«iiiijdele
Cril>loj;s in «ot!rnljnii. ]*vv linear t'o«it
Shrathiui: [hv 1.i».»i' li^et. li. M.,
Cottenlam tilliiii: per eiiliic yanl. .
Exe.ivatinii do...
lto«'k •'Xeavaf i«»u d«t ...
Kiiibanknienl di» . . . ,
INiddlin^ «l'» ...
( 'nnm't** d'». . . .
l{«Mk tiUT ni.i^i'iM <1 > .
Pi>int«d l'a««' ni;j.-»iir\ . p-.Ti nl»ir \.inl
Cut rtti»ne uja>'nn';. do. . . .
Sills do...
Copiuil do. . . .
Stone tillin;^ do. . . .
Kiprap. hand ]>l:u(d do
Tinilx-r in p«'nn;ini*nt eonstnu'tion.
per l.«KKi r.rl. r.. M
Bolt holeH in iii:i->*iir\. ]mt linear r<Mit
7». l)«Hl
7tf), OtNl
I'J. L'«Ml
r_'. o.M>
I.-JOU
7.'»()
i,:{rH»
i.tm
470
-2S()
tkM)
600
hS. «KH)
-I. lUHl
Amounts
No. 2. Jally
Bmtheni, IMtta-
hurg, P».
I X
I
Total
$0.10
3(). 00
1.90
. G.'t
3.00
.<K>
l.-'W)
7. ri«
11.00
13.00
17.50
17.50
17.50
1.75
2.50
I
3(».00 '
I ;,
$100. 00
l.'i. 010. 00
1,500.00
2:).1»<0.00
7. 800. «»
2. 4<N). 00
720.00
1,1'J.">.J)«
10. 125. W
15i7W.W»
6. IIO.<k)
1. 575. 00
4.000.00
8.400.00
1,050.00
2,000.00
4.400.00
1,380.00
Bid.
$0.22
3.%. 00
L30
.00
3.00
.90
L50
8.50
12.00
13.50
18.00
20.00
20.00
1.90
2.60
Amount.
$100.00
17,380.00
1.750.00
15,800.00
10. 800. 00
2,400.00
1,080.00
1,125.00
11.475.00
17.100.00
6,845.00
1.020.00
5,000.00
9,000.00
1,140.00
2,000.00
50.00 ' 4,400.00
.20
920.00
K&S. LT.
Un«g.Jr.,PitU-
lHITlf,IV
Bid.
$0.20
80.00
1.25
.75
2.00
.40
1.25
7.25
U.60
17.00
19.00
20lOO
20lOO
1.60
5.00
70.00
.40
1.
16.
1.
9,7n.i6
1«,4I6l69
7.999.69
],716l69
5.6091 69
9, am 69
«.190i09
1,811.69
107,505.00 1 110,835.00
I
•lot, 000.90
All rejected, prices being too high.
TENIllX 1 1 — UKPUET i}V COLONKL tiHAlGUILL. 2417
iiKviiitT i/i.- MH, A. Jr. scorr, AasWTANT BNQiWKKn.
IImted Statks Enkinkek OFriCK,
Clinrlaitini'Kanav'ka, H'. fa,, Julg 3, IS'Ji.
CnuiSKL: I liavB llii- Louor Ui aiibiiiit tliu fulluwini; fi'puct ou lliu Great Kniiawhk
River iiiiiiiint'nii-ut f<ir the yi.isr (MKliiig June 30, 1891,
The |itiiiri)inl work ha« lM>Kn «ii cmiBtrnctiou of l.oi-ks mid Diuiih Xus. 7 aixl 8. ntiit
In tiiuiulululii^ suil oiiiTrtttinit the livu coniploUHl lucke ftiiil diuiis. '11i« mute vutks
utidL-t vuoetntctioL trill ho given fint.
WJCK AMI DAM NO. T—CONBTRUcnoM Ol"—
TKB LOCK.
I'he priiioii>al work on this r.ontcact fans licen at excAvating fot funndutioiiH, ])lac-
jug i-oiien-tv iindluyjii^ mafiuury within the cotferilun, audat giiarryiiiKuml Flitting
A dtwnrivtiun uf Ibu exctiptional EoTuiilatioDa of thia lock Wm iiivi'ii in tlic liut lui-
nml Tt^rt, and is found un pngn 22411 of llm Ki'piirt for ItWI of tlic (Lii'f of Knel-
tiMETB. A ewDoral deacriptlon of tiio Inrk, roflrrdain, et*'., iaijivHii uu pugv 1!H8 uf the
KepuTt of tlio Chiof of Euginnnn toi WHO. At tho doan nf the year «iidin|{ June
30. 18W), 538 "iil>k- yarda of i.nicrutJi nud 101 oul.io yards of iiiiwoiiry had I.i-bu plnepd
iu tUe (tiondntimiB.
llie ttpmn nf finished nork <l<iiio un this iHiiitnu't during tho luat ytnt are »a fol-
luwa:
(.'oni-ntto en Olc yards irUtod.. 3,712
Koek fsiw maeoury do 1,702
I'ointml fail- masonry do l,33fi
Rnali luuninvriHl niaaonry do 2S1
ItJMJtUig iuagonrj- do.-., 1,385
Silla do...- 219
Unoiiw do — 61
TimbMt feet B-M-, placed. . 53,540
Wonc lillii.« do.... «8
I'uiiT.- vnbloyardBlilocod.. 9t
V.<i,h.u.ku do.... 2,2m
I'lid.iiii.i; do.... 233
Har.ii.iiiii«:i,ualii>ii do.... l,76fi
('oiiiiii.iii f!..;i^iilii-li do.... T,,\m
l;M.k...i:iv;llh„i do.... 11
/■ir(i.iriB;/ fl/i,Hi. — l;ii:in,i iiJ^' :iimI i-mliii;; >Iiiih> ].•[■ I lir' ln,k was in jirOKI'^SH Ihu
Monr .>rditliT.'iit .'liiw-i's. til.' II i,L;,ii„lrr liriiit' s.(uari a ^iiiil \n-\.W,\ liiirkiiiK. About
l,lSllO nihil! yaniw of slimr v.<-x-- l.ink. ii liir i.iniirti' 'I urine Hn' vi'iir.
rr<'i«t«Uilruf M-..!'*-.—'!"!,,. umt iv^ill i> ii,.:,ily , \^.-X,:\ to wilbiii 4} fcit (:i
coiiriti'sli.f I'.pofi'oiiiii;:. Im ini; rioiii ubntit L'l U-2'i li'it ■.\U»\,- )iuil rcu'k. Thu laud
w;il]. iui'ludiii^' IlLi' tvini."<. is ii|>'>iiauav<'n,;;<'to » ilbiii ^>l><>i>t M li'it of riiUhiiglit.
Aboiil Ibi'.iiiniiis till' h;i.'kine is not ijiiil'' .mi tar :i<lv:.iir<'d on :»'>riuut of liiranchor-
■.<.ti,- U.tWk: u:.I.'S, IIk' ylMm-^ nf wliirli Is I1<'<'.'^4»!lnlv d-'laycd until Iho rui-t- atoms aru
nr:,rly 'if t., lM4;;bt.
Tho liiitiT ,-ills iii-c ("lib liiii-li.-.l .■^..jH III.^ |il:iiiiii; nf tlir Hii.linr bnlts iiiirl woOiU-n
nisiiiotiK. Tb.-t:iu.r<UTil>^ai Ui.'U.M.i:>uil font nf bxk :ir<- ]>»rt1v in and litli^d and a
h<'i;innin);lia« b.'cn iiiiidi- on tliv Hbnri' |>M^ill)r anil liiirM]) :ir tin: liiMd. Hut lilllohaH
tw.-ii diini- on Ih.' rml.iiiiknM'iit b:nk of tlif bind W!ill, ami the t'ceater part of tUo
liiivini: and ri|>r:i|> hiis vrt In In- yhw'\.
.Till- niasoiirv will probiiMv b.- bnish.il hv O.tnber I. 1»'J1, and all of the workem-
Rrar'-d l>v til'' rnntriict, nbirli iiii'bi>l<'s thi' lufk conipk-to ready for the gates, coni-
l.b>t.-.l B.>ine tiuii! in Xov.niber.
Miii.ford .t KevnoblH. tin' lon.st liiddi r, bv aj-n-M
1W«>. ii|.|.rovod bv lb.' nii.f nf Kn^iuorTs. .I:iini!irv
i:,«.;i,l <(<■«■,■,>(;..».— -il,i.s. like Die i.tber ii.ovab
2418 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
tracts from the specifications fiimisheB a brief description of the work embraced by
the Mnnford & Keyuolds contract.
The work under this contract is to consist of the foundations or immovable parts
of a navigation ]>a8s and weir and of a central pier, and an abutment with shore
crib and bank i)rotection.
Sarhjafion rafts. — The foundations for the navigation pass will bo 248 feet long
and about 50 feet wide. Tliis part of the work consists mainly of a bed of concrete
coverec^with sills, coping, paving, and timber as shown on drawings. The up and
down stream faces to be light walls of rock-face masonry, covered with large bush-
lianuucred sills and c(»])ing. The sills, coi)ing, box-suj>port8, timbers, <',tc., txi be aii-
«'horod, bolted, and c»thorwiso secured as shown.
The weir. — Tbc weir reaches from the center pier to the shore abntment, a dis-
tance of about 810 feet. (The length decided on for the weir is 316 feet.) It con-
sists principally, as shown, of the two walls of masonry, the space between filled
with concrete and puddle of selected river-bed material and the whole covered with
cox>ing, sills, and paving. The sills and coping to be ancliored, bolted, etc., as indi-
cated on drawings.
Center pier, — The center pier which separates the navigation pass and weir will be
solid masonry, with rock and pointed face and bush-hammere<l tinish, as shown gen-
erally by the drawings. It will have a circular recess for navigation pass tresttle,
and be covered with heavy co])ing as shown.
The ahutmentj etc. — The abutment will be of masonry, mainly of rock .and pointed
face. It will have bush-hanmiered comers and be covered with heavy coping. A
trestle recess will bo built in it as shown. ITie space between tlie wings will bo
principally filled with selected material, put in in layers and rammed. I^)ci8e aUnw
of good size will be placed against the back part of the abutment walls, as directed
by the engineer, to form a drain leading to an opening in the lower wing.
A retaining crib will be built below the abutment as indicated on drawings; it
will be of squared white oak framed and drift-bolted and filled with stone. The
8i)ace between the abutment wings find the top of the retaining crib will be covered
with large-sized hand-nlaced riprap. The bank back of and above and below the
abutment and crib will be graded and protected by spalls and hand-placed riprap to
such extent as may be required by the engineer.
ronndations. — The character of tlie river bed and of the proposed foundations fur
tli(» dificrent parts of the wdrk are shown, in general character, in the drawings and
cross «<"ct ions exhilMte<l. It appears that the bed ro<'k is covered with a consider-
able lliickucHs of "hardpan" (a hard; indurated clay and cementiMl gravel), and this,
with l)0\vldcrs, gravel, and finer nuitcrial forming the river bod. ITie top of tlif
hardpan will ha generally found at a depth of from about 8 to 10 feet below low-
water mark. The bed rock at the lower isnd of the lock where the end of the navi-
gation ])ass Joins it is found about 16 f«et below low-water mark, but the elevatinn
of the rock is likely to v;iry c<uisid«'.rably either above or below this depth in the
ditrcrcut ]>arts of the dam.
It is inopo.scd. as shown generally by the drawings, to rest i>art of the works di-
rectly on the lied rock, and (h«' remainder oti the hardpan.
The main pai t of the foundations of navigatitui pass and weir, the U])stream wal!f»
of l)oth. and the jniucipal part of the ])icr and abutmeut will be built on the "hard-
pan" di'SJ-rilxd ahove; the downstream walls throughout, or, as in part, the con-
crete iMMU^r tliem will be <*ari'ied <lown to bed rock, found, as stated, about 16 f»rT
below low-water mark.
The contractors began work in .lanuary by putting a small force to work breakiu;:
stone tor concrete, arranging for nujterials f<»r cofierd.'im, etc. They «lecided t«»
build a drodge tVir tirst use on this contract, and owing to <bday in finishing it, and
afti'iwards to a rise iu the river heginniug May 20, oj)erations in the water were de-
layed over a month.
Dredging for the first s<»ction of the cofl'erdam, which is to inclose 1.50 feet of the
navigation pass next to tin* lock, was begun .lune 1«S. The dreilging on the line ef
this section is now al)ont half done, and a beginning has been made on the cotfcr
itself, the tir.st crib being sunk .hme L'7.
Towanls ]M<'i)aring materials the i'ontractors have cut 85 cubic yards of fine stow
and broken l.lL'n cnhic yards fin- 4(nn rete. They have also at the .site 14,4JUO feet, B.
Al., of dimension oak for na\ igation pass.
LOCK AND DAM .No. 8 — CONSTKrCTIUX OF —
YWV. LOCK.
Work on this c-ontract has been dirc« te«l mainlv to 1 a > in lt masonry inside the cufTrr
dam and in jjuarrNing. tian.spnri ini^ and cniting stone for same.
The f'olfenhim fi)r the hick, as statc<l in I lie last Annual I»e]>ort, was ho far cou;-
l}\eU:(\ that the i^mnpti wure started June :.'!, I^IHJ, and excavation Inside oomiueuceil
tiie 24th.
~ APPENDIX II — ^EEPOET OP COLOSKL CRAIOHILL,
Tlie Rnt hfone whs sot .luly li. and uxiifpt 16 dsyit iiik>rruptiou, iliiring t1i» fall l>;
liifch water, thn laying of uiiuioiiry wm in [imgrosn uotil Novemlier 23. when opi-m-
liuiiK insiilr tliti rntTiTilam vein auHpundtul fur Uii* wiiitf^t,
Tlic iiiimiiH werr Kriutnl again May 6. Thn wnter wiw i'i1iiiiii>1<mI on llii- Stii nuU
thii work i-li'ttned nf winter deposit, derrickM raisiHl, eui., su tlial the laying of tn»<
■nary whs r<«iimcil Uiiy U. Belwocn thia ilatn im4 Jtni» 31), IB (lays wure loitt on
nuutimry wtick liy hi);U n-ut>'r,
The iiTiDntititit of tinlpii^il work dona ou lliU I'ontriii^t (turlii); ILe y»ar a*» as ful-
ttork-fuMiil (iiiuioory ciililo yuv^, ]i1iicp<I.. 483
r»lntvd-fitr<' liinaiini'y - , do 811
Hiob-hnmmi-ri'i] iiui&iiuvy do ITJ
II««kii>£ mnsoiiry do 3,056
8ill« do.... 35
Ouoina do 43
Timhnr feet, B. M., plaoed.. 30,000
RtonR-IIIIiiiK cubic yiiid», placed-- 494
Pftvlnn do.... le
Kmli-inki.i. nt do.... 1,800
Piuldling do.... 288
IVommDnuiLciivation do.... 6,180
Ronk do.... flOO
Pnparinii (Iohf.— Tha qnnrTyini; »nd rutting nf Mtonn toi the lock w»s praotif^ally
•DHpondcd nhont !J^ months rtiirinjc th(> wininr; wltli thUnxriiptiooit wAsmprogmiii
a\] the tlino niid ;;i*iici'»llv tvith );o«(l furrrn. Onring the yenr 4,115 cuhio TArds nf
Hliiiir wiTi- prl■]^!ltr■lt, L',;«>H viiriU nt which wi-rn fiK'ii or diiiuinRioii Mmir of different
flniHM, thn r-M ':■ iii'j si|iL.iM'il iiiid lirddcd hiiokhig. Thi« stonn wue nearly «11 qunr-
fled lit Sntti"-, i> !<"■ .i>>i'U' l.cFi^k S, and brought to the yard, iiour thasit«, by tho
KanawlinA. MmI.ilimu l^Kilm.i^.
Pratut ilair oi "i.il, — riir |[iiid Willi IB linilt. ii|> tn within S ffr>t. ..r fivi. I'oursM, of
top of poping, lu'ing iilimit 11 fi'ct fVimi h--\ i i I. 111. <\;-\- \ >■ m^- i- rip to filll
hriight it Olid, und puddled. Tliu river " nh i ;■ i ■, inrludirig
fonndntion PouTHi>. imLkinu 11 hi'ii^hl of u! "-iilerubli- itot
i>nth<'nMttwo<-<.iirK..B. \.>(luiii:lii...lw.'n .i ■ -.i- -..■.-.■■ii t.i,.iIlB{they
ur<' all flit ) i'\ri-|.l |it pii'llv r--. iv ^i. n-' ; . :!.■ I.--.I ••!■ k >••! Iliii I'uuiidnlJuii
I'lViru' itiiiliT till- III. Tlo' J ' ' ' i!i<' rivur wiili iiod tbu oDo at th«
fouliif IlKiliiiid wall .11' , '.I liiMuhasboRn doneyet on Ihu
rnil'aiikni''nt iind li.i'iw i :..I «-ftll. Some pnving (16 cnliio
Mini- 1 liii-> I'i'i'ii •^■'1 ix'M I ' I ' ' i(h lliJH exception nil of thobnnk
II ir:<'\{M'<i.'.l i)i:''i( lliiMviiiti.j'l. u-ln<liniil>i-ig.'<'stlirma.'«iiirv,uii'<rd(Til>s, andbiiiik
]>v<<i'-< lion <niLi|<I<'l<'. ill stioTl. !],■■ ]■:■ k M.iii|>]<'tr nsKly for the g.itcH, will bofiuinhcd
TIk' c'liiif ];irl li>i' liiitlilin^' (li>> foil iKbit inn and iii.iminrj of thia diiin, including the
r.'Titrr pier, iiinithii'iit. mid Nhuri' ]iiiil<'rlii.ii loiiipliti', rendv fnr the wickets iiud
tr'.-'tli's. \v:i> iii^idi' willi tlu' Inwe.'^t liiddrr. .Mr. C. I. MiDiiiii'ild, l>y agreement up-
prus.'d ).y till ('lii<'l'..f Kii^iiu-rrs. Miinli V'. IWM.
i^tnrini i/orri/i/iiiii. — Thi' d:itu, except IH to eliiiructer and depth <if the foundntionH
and Ii'iK'lh i<f weir, i-i to lie tile Mime iis Xo. 7, dt-Hcribed iibovc. llic weir will be
JIJ fcit [nin;; llie niiviiislinii pr.ss, like tliu others, 24« feet.
Thi' fntiiidiitions ivill lie liiiili im folid roek throni-hoiit, found on the lino of dnm
at a deptli averayiii;; about M feet below low-wnter mark.
The Hill of tlic iiavfi-ation par's and of the weir will have the hruiu ridHtlve refor-
mri-H iiH at Ko. T, the nnc being i:i feet and IJic other 8^ feet below the level of upper
The enniractur iiecnn building a ntcani dieilge for nse on this irontraet in March.
Qiiurrving Ktoiii- itud br^ahiuK "tone fur eonerete wcri! liegnn in April.
I>redging for the Rrnt wi'tion of the colferdani which im-lospH l.nOfoct of the pans
next to the lock was begiiii Mny 6. llie flrnt coR'cr i-rib was sunk Mn.v 13. OpOTS-
1 idiiH on the river were etoppcii Mnv 2!l hv a rise in the river, at whirl) time the cribs
for thi.s first coffer were nearlv alt piand and, ti. a considerable extent, tilled. Owing
t« high wat^r the biiihlint; of tbi- cnll'erdani wan not. ii'sii>iied niilil June 15. Tile
ri^ eari'iMl a good deal of the Klling out of the nnfiiiished coffer, but none of tho
eribs were moved.
The eriM are now all pl.iced ; they are about two-tbirds filled aud Homo banking in.
If not uitOrropted again bj a rise this aeutiou of -Jif tolVur will be ready fo7 tlio
pnmp» alfout July la, ■
2420 KErORT OF THE CHIEi^ OP EKQINEERS, U. 8. ABUT.
1
The contraclor has cut 198 cuhio yards efface and dimenBion stonOimoflfly pointed
and rock face and frills, and broken 500 cubic yards for concrete. The Btome comee
from Sattes. from tho same quarries that the stone for the lock is •fc^'*f*»*. It is
brouglit down by rail and cut in tlic yard^ nour the site.
IKONS. — ANCIIOKAGK, BOXES, ETC., FOR DAMS.
A contract tor furuishintr and delivering the irons for the anchorage and fizipd
})arts ord:tiii< Nns. 7 and ^. incliidint; wicket and trestle boxes, hnrters, slides, aiUs,
disks, bolts, cic, for dams Nos. 7 and ^<. emliracing 329,108 pounds of coat iron and
NS,:?7n pounds of wrou;:;bt \v<»rk. was let to the lowest bidder, the Kussoll Wheel and
Foundry ('oni]>.»nv, of J>ctroit, bv agreement approved by the Chief of EngiiieetB,
March io. IMH.
Tlie conir.'tet was i-om]tk>ted, tlie irons all being delivered at the steamboat land-
ings at tlie locK>, in June.
LOCK NO. 2 (Fixr.n dam). — operating.
The lock b:is Imm-u in good order and reguhii operation. Locking was ansponded
li:> honr> din ing tlie year by high water. The commerce throngh the lock during
the vear was :is follows:
■
Coal hnshela.. 1,073,000
Coke tons.. 13^796
Miscellaneons tVeiglit. nierclianilise. ]U(Mlnee, etc., by steamboats do.... 4,452
J.jimber and logs feet,B. M.. 100,060
Coal ]»arges number .. 213
Steamboats do.... 1,877
Other craft. do 140
Tassi-ngers do.-.. 6,432
Numln-r oi" lork;i ues made 1,451
lapnipimi. — In addition to ordinary repairs about the works about 400 onbie yanls
of stone ANrre l»i»ai<d ai losv t lie ri vcr auil used to repair nnd strengthen the riprap
and paving on \\\v aiuiinieni sido.
ijH K No. ;; (iixi:i» dam).— operating.
I.ockini: wa>^ ^n^iieiidiil lidays and 1 hours by high water, and 38 days and Olionn
1o ])lacr tli<- nev. liliitiu \al\rs :ind Ii.'ing the new lower gates. Tlio new valves and
gati'S will be ii'fcnrd i(» lM'lo^\.
The prim ipal item^^ of 'oninierce througb the lock during the year were as follows:
Coal bushels.. 1,837,000
(Nike tons.. 13»79n
Mi*<cellanenn^ tn ii:lit. uicn liandi^e. ]»roduce, etc., by bt cam boats ..do ^o21
humluTan.l l.»u- lect, B. M.. 814, LW
Coal barren number.. 367
^t«'ftnil»oat«< do.... 1,485
other • rafl do 75
ra>Mnner> do..-. 8,066
l-oeka;;e> made do 1,571
\f ir tiUin;! i'""'"' ^. — 'l"l»»* diilii-ultv With the idd valves is described in former miiiiimI
re])oii> of till- cldef of r.nuineer's, mainly on page 1753 of the Report for 1888, and
need not he tiiitliei- leieiied to here. The n«'w valves nnOike those at Lock No. 2
i<\« >•]»! that th< ,\ are one toot longer, being () feot long intftead of 5) and are maneii-
vered in ihe >:inie way. A general descri])tion of the No. 2 valves and of the manner
of o]ieratinu tluni is Li\en on ])ai:e 1752 of the Keport of the Ohief of Engineers lor
isss.
The new ^a^^^v^ \Teii- put in last Atignst. The building of the lock chamber coffsr-
dam wa» hei.nn Ai;L:ii>«t .'^ and the hwk was in o])erat ion again September 1.
The ]da( in.: <>f rhe new valves necessitated considerable changes in and addition!
to ilic tinihi-i A\nrk in tin- platforni and sup)M>rts of the head bay. A good deal of
pains \va^ tai><-i! tm <:i:)kt' tii:ht work all about the head bay and reduce leakueto
tin* nunimni'i. Ti.e ::t: Innini: ot' tin* platform and valve hupports was done bylOBg
nrdg>- boIi> fioni il<- iliun- to the h<>d-ioek and by wedge bolt and strap connacttoBS
in nia-Nonry and !>• m>-. fo niake romn for the en « Ik of the valve shafts and loTeis the
top ronr^i' o\ ]>r-«ji' 1 1:1-4 ma-'-ni'v under t h»' irate rre«*sseK bad to be temored.
The woiKiii'^ f! i',. \ .il\i > i- iiiL.iiI\ -.atiNfaetorx . There is no pore«»ptibltf leakage
ahont iheni m an\ )i.irt i>l tin- hi:id ba\. and the htck in IiIUmI at tilll 12 fret headiu
\ minuter. 'I h<- \al\.> i»in.i. as Ni^ited ahoNe, I foot buiger than at LoekS^Bome
an\iet\ was !'>it aii>Mii tin pnx^r for openinu, but theiv is no trouble about tliia;
APPENDIX II — HKPOHT OF (;iit.ONt;t. (.■KAIOIIII,!..
witli a tnni iiiul » Ihilr ol' Itio miwlun rH«i)y ii]i>-iim it jiiilr of tlin vuIvm
It rliMir >i|H<iiiii|j of 'J3 liwt.) aguiiiHl fiill liKnd in tO sni'onilH.
Ii. II. u' )i,-.-, .T uiitn* were put iii, lonliittfM nro iiiniln trlfli nliigln cimptiring nT
] fiii.n att> dnat^lxiil nn pugM 2S4I-Snf th« Iftipnrt of ttiuClilof
Tho liiiililin^ iif tlin gntn> wu* Qninhod itiJiily; tbrjr wan
I -. ipi.iiiliiTiilVr il"i ii.'vv tllliiiK vnlvNi worn put hi. Thejtiltw
■ ■ ■■■n:.. . .ii'-iir.- 1,1 1 i III. t iii.i(,-mJ, lonkago nbuut Ui« tii(t«t;
"■■rl, Hitting. Bwiileit avKTcuiuiiiKthn
■ ■' 'II (Im l.i'.f AiuiimlBepBTt, (he ui-w gatvtt
I lib Irmf iiiahwlof tuvT) tueroHH-
iii.ni-iily -j:, )ipmeiit.%lil<'HlLnu
.■ ■ ■ ...-ii-l 1,1 Ml tlnMllll OHM,
Tlio thnv ooinplntiMl Clmuoiiii- lianu with thnir Innhshnvo, witli tbr niciMipticiii of
tbc (InmugD ti) tlin nrrvii-e liriilgp at Ni>. 5, dcnrriliril below, liccn Jn good ariex and
rpEiilnr npi-rutlon daring thu yi-ni.
Aji nitual n Kuod de(U wus duun at cueti of the liioki iii the wuy uf ropnira, priuoU
pnll; by the rogulur lock huudi. in keepiui; the wucka. bu<LliD|f>< "nd K"><»idti in
onlur. The proukiiiunt or iu(i.'uptiuuui repiura nre luvutium^d bciow luidtsr that btmd.
A brii-f oopouiit of optjcutioiui at t^uult uf the niovkbk diuuH is here givuu.
Tbe dMU wa» up 183 daya id the year. The
owlnn tit \i\gh or «ii01nit>nt stogea of wat«r. Ths
tbe p(LTicJ][>isil ituina of comiurrre ut No, 4 are givi
Q the fbllowiiig tailing;
■1— ™-«w^
tMe.
toko^
Monem-
KaiMiks.
W„M
SUV.7UH1
DW.W — -
M«yt"i.ia
M|^a
s
6U.U
i
"saasr"""'""""*"'
Hnionl.'Uylnl-iniTlDatiruliIiiniRUnl
Fliilrlil-ina. (;<.i.Ki.I.-r«lil...l»|™it
Ci,z,X.
i.™™a
_
a,Kio,iM
iKIU IIIW*.
,'i,1M,0M
Tola).
Coal . . l'i-l..l"
,,„.™
S£r "" :i:'""
I»2,SiM
H76
l.OSH
l.'04I
■1I.1KHI
I.XS
/•romiiieBf rcjinii* «( .Vu.
hiiiijuat licen iitiri')iiu*''<l >'
n.tw bull.
Th«dim.'ultioH e\p>'vii'ii
vi:<.tliI<-toHbort<'n it (ir wi,
in), f
2422 REPORT OF THE CHIKP OF KNGINEERS, IT. S. ARMY.
The Diuneuvors uf tho dam and the Tnost import^int iteniB of commerro at th«} lock
.'ire given in the following tableB:
MnnciiverB of diun.
J.o werctl ,
Kaia<-i1
l^owored
Bate.
Time
takcii.
< )r,t. 11 .
Nov. 18
Deo. liO
liaised ! May 1 niiil 2
h. m.
Men em-
ployed.
Luwrrcd May 'J8
Itiiiscd ! iJiiiie 27 uud 28
7 00
'20 00
1 10
11 00
&to6
4to5
Remarks.
See •'HTmirs" below.
Di».
Lowering bindered considerably by
ice.
CtmHidoral>Io time taken to remov*
winlor deposit, repjiir cluiixia, etc.
"No dillk'ultv.
4 to 6 ' Trippiug bar found off giii«1es.
Tliroiiuli
tliu lock.
Coal buslwls... 4,105,500
Coke toiiM
LuiiiIht and !(>;;« fti't. II. AI..
Sliinjil*'!* iiumlKT. . .
(,'oal barren do !
Stoainlj^tat.s do i
Other craft do
Number i)f locka^cy made.
IKJO, OriO
701,000
900
1,07;J
U3
Tlirough
tbe uavipi
tiuu pOHH.
10, 109, lUO
438,700
1,871
1,711
58
Totals.
14,!*74.60ft
i:i.7lfi
1,3(».7.>P
731. UUO
i:;i
1,^
Dainatjf. to nvrrive hrUUji\ nimh-K, tic. — On {\w. ni<;ht of St^iJtrniber 10 32 loaded coal
lijirgr.s l>rok«' l(»os»' in tln» No. 5 pool fioni tin* "works (»f the Peel Splint Conl Coiiipauy,
located on oi)positi' sidi-s nf tlio. rivt»r ahont 3.V miles above No. 5, au«l 8 of them were
carried down an<l lodgrd aj^ainst tlie servi«"e briilge of the dam. The rest of the
hargeH cither gronnded about the heads of islanclH or wt*re Huiik before they reaeheil
the dam. 'I'hrre was a^ small rise in the river at the time and the coal o]ierator8 in
4 and 5 ])ooIs had all been notitied that evening that tho dams might be lowered dur-
ing the night. Tln' riv«^r ilid not come up enongh, liowi^ver, to make it necessary to
throw 1h<» dams and they wi'sre aeeordingly lield ni».
'rh<Oiigh('st point of this rise in lii<Mi]>rn river below Dam No. G was (>.0r> fei't
channel gauge, at ahunt 8 a. m. of the 11th. On the Idth this gauge read 3.10 fi>et
at 7 a. m. and 1 feet at 7 p. m. The highest. ])oint at Kanawha Falls was 5.80 feet
at S ]>. m. of th(^ lOth, making a change there of o.tiO fe(>t in VA hours, llie highi*st
point at Dam 1 (M'ciirred about midnight of the lOth, wlu'n there was 1.15 feet over-
llow on i>ass wickets, the weir wickeis being all swung. This was sntlieient to make
<'onsi«lerable eurn-nt in the po^ls (though u«»t enough, of <'onrse, to break loose any
kimi (jf craft thai was projirrly tied) aud to bring the heavily loaded barges against
Ihe l^ridi^i' witli eoiisiileral>Ie tone. Mt will be remenilu*red that this occurred in
ihr nighl an<l willuuit anv notice. The barges got to Xo. 5 between i{ and 4 «)'clock
in tile morning). Kight barges weri' lodged against the bridge. On the paw
towards th«' j)icr end tlu'V were tlirce deep, two of them sunk, one on to]) of tho
other, and (lie tliird resting on tlicm and a;;ainst tlm tops of the tre.stles. Nearer the
lock the wreck of a harge was turned u]> on its side, tlu^ liottom tight ngaiiist the
brijlire. Two barges wi-re sunk on tin' weir, both lying lengthwise against the
hiidge, ohslructing ne.irly the (entire waterway between the pier tin<l abntiueiit.
Some of tin; l)ar;;cs si ruck the tnstles head on, but they all stop]»ed or sunk broad-
side a;iaiu>t tin* brid«^e. thus materially contracting tlu.^ waterway aud iuerca-^iin:
ihe head an«l j»r«'ssurc ot" the boats agaiust the work. Then' was li feet overlbiw on
cresl <d" |>ass wickets at hinln'sr.
The \N»'ir tii'stlts wer<" badly wrecked, the most of them being jannned dt»wn
against I hi' wicket*; i wiiicli were "on the swing") so tight that the latter could ni»t
he lowi-rcd or moved. The pass bridge was mostly intact, but could not be put ilowa
on acccMint of the hari;es against it. The jiass wickets were slamling and had to Ih*
left up t«) slacken the current until the hargi's could be moved.
It was very im]iortant to clear the dam and get it down as soon as possible, .is
.'mother rise in tlie river, witii tlie sunken boats above the work, would have resulted
in most serious damage to i>oth briilge and w ii-kets.
The (lovernmcnt dredge, and t«»wboat and a force of hired laborers were set to work
at onc<* teaiing out tiu» sunken boats. l?y the evening «)f the 11th the work had
j)rogressed far enough to admit of lowering the entire «lani, getting it out of the way
of further injury. •
The damage done (ui the i>ass consisicd in bre.-iking down or badly bending 1(^
^rid^o trestles. On the woIt iW l-vesUes were more or less injured; a number of theiu
APPENDIX II REPORT OF COLONEL CRAIGfllLL. 2423
were broken off at the bliajpfcH, aud allof the 39 were badly bent. Several bridge rails
were broken and a few of them lost.
The boxes and an chorage of the trestles wore all found intact. The bridge, although
so badly used, stood, all considered, remarkably well. It performed a very impor-
, tant service in k(^ei>iug the barges from reaching the wickets, or dam proper, and the
latter were entirely uninjured. If the barges had struck or gotten against the wick-
ets, eitlier on pass or weir, the damage would of course have been much more serious.
Many of the broken trestles had to be almost entirely rebuilt. The work was
partly done in the shop at the site and partly in Charleston. It was delayed some,
waiting for new channel iron, and the replacing of the trestles was hindered con-
siderably by high water. -The repairs were completed and the dam raised Novem-
ber 18.
The cost of the repairs and of tearing out the sunken boats, including wages of
regular lock, dredge, and towboat hands while employed at it (but not including
use of dredge and towboat), was about $2,280. Outside of wages of regular hands
aud use of boats the affair cost the Government about $1,450.
In reference to the breaking loose of the barges, as regards the Peel Splint Coal
Company, there would seem to be no question but that it was due to insufficient
fastenings. In the case of the Winifrede Coal Company it is not so clear, for the
barges of the Peel Company broke loose iirst, came down, or swung around, and
struck the Winifrede fleet, breaking their barges loose. In this connection it may be
proper to add that the Winifrede Company has commenced proceedings in the circuit
court of Kanawha County against the Peel Company for damages sustained by this
''runaway,^' claiming that the latter company was negligent about tying up its
barges.
A few days after the accident I had the honor to recommend to yon that the Gov-
ernment taike steps to recover from the Peel Coal Company on account of damages and
expense incurred by it at No. 5.
With a system of movable dams it is very necessary to the safety and usefulness
of the works that proper diligence be exercised in securing barges or any other cr&ft
that are tied up in the pools.
LOCK AND DAM NO. 6.
The dam was up 178 days during the year. The rest of the time it was down,
owing to high or sufficient stages of water. The maneuvers of the dam and the
commerce at this work are given in the following tables :
Maneuvers
of dam.
Date.
Aug. 28
Time
takuu.
h. tn.
1 35
Men em-
ployed.
Bemarks.
L<iweTod
4
No trouble,
liaised
Aug. 30
6 45
4
Do.
Lowered
Oct. 6
2 05
5
Some delay by log under one pass wicket.
Kaised
Oct. 11
7 00
5 No trouble.
Lowered
0<5t. 21
2 00
5
Do.
Baised
Nov. 8
6 00
4to5
Do.
Lowered
Dec. 8
1 10
6 Do.
Raised
Dec. 14
7 20
' 3to5 Do.
Lowore<l
I>cc. 22
2 20
4 Some delay by drift under one wioket.
4 to 5 Closing d«3iayed by steamer Budd, iiguring a pass treetle.
Baised
Mil V 1,4
12 00
Lowered
May 28
1 30
4 No trouble.
Kaiscd
Juue 17
8 00
3 to 5 Do.
Lowered
Juno 20
1 10
4
Do.
Baised
Juno 27
700
3to5
Do.
Note. — llie reason of the frequent lowering of Dam 6 is given on page 1947 of
Report of Chief of Engineers for 1889.
Coal bushels..
Coke tons . .
Miscellsuco^s freight, merchuiidirtu, produce, etc
LumU'rand logs feet, B.M..
Bark cords , .
Bailroad ties number . .
Staves 1 do
Coal barges do....
Steamboats do
Other craft do
Passengers do....
ITumber of lockages
Through
the look.
3,948,000
13.751
524,000
30,100
1,261
1,098
92
6,280
Through
the naviga-
tion pass.
18,344,800
27.899
6,475,850
815
36,000
220,000
2,731
1,479
48
12,578
Total.
22,292,800
13,796
41,650
5, 999, 850
816
66,100
220,000
3,992
2,577
140
i
2.121 RErOKT «>K THK CHTKK OF FNGINEERS, IT. H. ARMY.
MISCKLI^ANKOIIS WORK.
Site of Lock and Dam No, 9, — The papers for the title to the land purchaaed for th6
site of Lock and Dam No. 9 were completed, approved, and recorded aa that yon paid
for the laml early in ►Sei)t<.'niber, 1890.
Iron work for lorkn. — Tht* irons for gat-e and anchorage, liiiefuflteninffs, etc., for Looks
7 and 8, and for the new lower gates at Look 3, eontraoted for with the Qneen City
Bridge an<l Steam Forging Company in March, 1890, were completed and delivered
in July.
Jhrth/huu rcmovimj obstnwtionH, etc. — The Government dredge was in operation from
July 9 to Octolxr 24. With this exception it ha^t been laid np. The dredge and tow-
boat with crews were at work 12 days dredging at the approaches of the finished
locks, mainly at Nos. 2, 8. and 5; 24 days in tearing out the sunken coal barges at
Dam 5 and in No. 5 pool, and assisting with repairs at No. 5; and 11 days at LockS,
helping to launch, raise, and hang the new gates. The remainder of the time, until
stopped by high water and laid up for the season, the dredge and towboat were em-
ployed at the head, of Witoher Creek Shoal, in No. 5 pool deepening and widening the
towing channel. Seven sunken coal barges were torn up, all from the ''runaway''
of September 11, fiv(> at Dam 5 as before described, and 2 in the channel at Witchn
Creek Shoal.
The crane boat with a force of from 8 to 10 men under Capt. Geoige Wright, pilot.
worked 12 days last fall ri'moving obstructions from the channel and public cou
harbors below (Charleston. The work was stopped by high water October 22. It
has been continued this seascm by the towboat Bee with tJie crane boat when the
condition of the river admitted. Altogetlier 135 snags and trees, 38 rocks, anda paxt
of a wrecked barge were r(>moved between Lock 6 and the head of Knob 8ho«J.
Teleplione repaint. — In addititm to ordinary repairs to the telephone Hue, 272 new
poles were put up during the year.
Gauge reoord^. — TIk^ daily gauge records and reports at Hinton and Kanawha
Falls — the latter by telephone — ^liave been kept up; also the gauge records at
CharleHtou. Point Pleasant, and at each of the locks. New gauge cribs for bottom
siM'tions were built at Hinton and Kanawha Falls.
Office work J amstamr. etc. — Aside from the engineering and drafting work required
at the locks under construction, the most imjj^iortant items of office work were the
plans, speciiicatinns, and estimates for the toundations and masonry and for the
anchorage and lixed irons of Dams Nos. 7 and 8. Considerable has also been done
on the design and dnwwings for the movable irons for these dams. One man has
been at work since .January on the detail drawings of Lock and Dam No. 7, ordered
by the Chi(?f of Kngineers, for publication.
The organization has remained about as it was last year, and I beg leave to reliBr
to the continued valuable services of Mr. Theodore Schoonmaker and Mr. Thomas E.
Jeffries, assistant t>ngineers, on construction of Locks 7 and 8 dnring the working
season, and in this otlice on plans and drawings in the ¥rinter. Mr. C. K. MeDer-
mott, civil engineer, who rendered such elhcient service on this work fhvm 1873 to
1882, resumed connection with it last Si^ptember, and has since beenengasedj partlT
inspect iug on construction, but mainly at drafting in this office. Mr. William IL
Peyt^)u has continued to attend to the accounts and clericsd work and to look after
the property on the improvement. •
Charleston and Snuthnide Bridfjc. — Under yonr directions to look after this wagon
bridge huilt over the (ireat Kanawha at Charleston during the year, as regardea its
conformity with the law and re))ort of the board, occasional measurements of sad
re]»()rts on it have been made. Tiie bridge was begun in July and finished in April.
It has three through truss spans with girder, trestle, and embankment approscaek
The center or cliannel span is 115 IV'et and the shore spans 141 each between eenten.
Th«^ channel span is HH.) teet in the clear at b»w wat«^r, as required bylaw. The
law ve<|uires this span to Ite at least 21) feet above the local highest water and at
least 7.") feet above low wat^^r. It is somewhat above the maximiun reqnirements ai ^
to heiglit everywhere (it is 7 inches above at the center), except under the first pand '
])ost at- tlie Charleston end, where, owing to some miscalculation in levels or poniUB
seltleiiwnt of uisisoury, it is about three-eighths of an inch low. ^
Tills is the second bridge over the (treat Kauawhn, the other being the railrosd
bridge nt Point Tleasaut, linished in IK''^. Xo complaint has been madebynaTi-
gators ahoiit <>ither of these briilges and they are thought to bo satisliMtory bothai
to location and construct ion to :ill of the river interests.
Very n^sjM'ctiuUy, your obedient servant^
Addison M. Scott.
Col. William P. Cil\igiiill,
CorpB of Engineers, i\ S, A»
AiTKNuix I r — ur.r
■nNKb rUAHJUU.L,
1
I »/ f-'ool OHit eokr aAIpwvJ ,A'om lft« Orcnt fi'itfianJid
T«.«,J1«|
YMruuUns
Sklptnrnu.
Tulkl.
B, ri..™.
Br mllruml.
T»U].
«
711, Ma 681. «e
TM:.
K«,tI4
IdOT
i.wH.ifrj
,Slf!
-Wkiso
Ml!lMA
!S:m
Jg- -..
i,:itit.^u
I'm aw
!S
l.lt.W,llT
J,OIU,TW
ilatewent of the Ctrral Kanmrha Hirer far Ihe jtmc Mirfinji Juhk SO, IS'Jt.
■1 HHl colir. U.7III.HD 1ill«l>l-ll
^,nS UinfaiuullutiuiilprailiK'
"au I ToUll-mDH«--.--
t{(1■IH><-U^I]1f suhniitt,Ml.
AniJiBoN M, 8coTr,
OPEIt.\TIN"<i AN'I> CAT!!-: OF
During- till- lis,-iil v,mi- llii
nn tli.-<;nMt Kaimwlia V.w
iii;iiiri<T iiiiliiMtcii liy scrlioi
111 roiM|>]i;itur witli tlii' |
r(>ii<litio[i '•!' nil ili'inix'Ml sh
1H:.\T KAN'.WVil
111;;' Mk' lot-k.s ;iii(1 .hniis
t. ililS hc-ll IKli.l ill til.'.
I tiK' i
:,.s.-.l I
StnlrmrBl iif iitmtHHl l-j-jii-Hihil iliirimi Ihr li"-il il-nr iiiiliii'l •l«Hi: -10. IS'fll, out nf Ibt gtn-
,T„I a,,pr..,>n.>Uo« /,., ,>,-,:tn„;, .•..■> .-....■ ,.f ..in,,!- .„„l ;lh.-r >r,„-lH „f «ari,jali.m,"
IIV-
nnjim,..
I..Hk
...IDiiM. Nn. ^:
K.
V.
F<j
r fiviybtaau.! t
. .t2. I74.2.-I
2VX. H7
2420 KKPOKT OV THE CniEK or engineers, U. S. ARMt.
r.ock and Diiiii Xo. 3: * •
For \v:i^fs ot'n^gular lock luin(lt« $2,28U.UU
For rei>air8 ami extra labor 2,477.4t|
For fiiii»plu*8. as paints, oils, fuel, tools, etc 147.47
For livij^litM and transportation 'SS.lht
4,928.21
Lock and Dam No. 4 :
For wajjes of regular lock hands 2,280.00
For repairs and extra labor ^ 789.86
For Bup]>ies, as paints, oils, fuel, tools, etc * 129. 11
F«)r froij^htsand transportation 11.13
3^220.10
Lock and Dam No. 5 :
For wages of regnlar lock bands 3,136.98
For repair and extra labor ". 2^066^06
For sup])lies, as paints, oils, fuel, tools, etc 172. 75
For freigbts and transportation 22. 38
4^387.13
Lork and Dam No. G:
For wages of regular lock hands 2,245.25
For ri*])iiirs and extra labor 330, 96
For siipplies, as paints, oils, fuel, tools, etc 162. 13
For freigbts and transportation 6. 61
2,743.91
Superintendenee and central office expenses:
Wages ^424.00
Kent and su]»plie8 281.96
Freigbts and transportation i 26l89
3^732.94
Dredging at locks and part of running expenses of steainboftt :
Wages 1,381.57
Kepairs and RU))plics 50l08
Freights and transportation 2.43
1,434.07
Telephone line:
For rent of iuRtruments 140.00
For r<'i»airsand supplies 338.79
For frriglits and transportation 17. 26
496.05
1
Gauije Te])orts:
Vnr ]>ay of gauge k(M>])er8 and reporters at Hinttui and Kanawha Falls 143.
For repairs a nil supj)lirs 16L70
For fn-ights and transportation .35
305.33
Total : 29^836.07
^" APPENDIX IT — Ki;roiiT OF COLONi:!, (■EAlr.IIlLI,. 2-V27
rarnOVEMKNT op elk river, west VIRGINIA.
NoUiitiR WiM< il<m« thiring th<» year Gliding JiiiibSO, 18&0. A snuill
Unw wan cmiiloyed fmm th«» Kith Ui 23ii of OctiiUw, 1890, in rditinviii;;
(UiagA antl lii^u fi-om tlie chaniiel atiil cutting loaning treCH fW>m th«
batikH between Morris Creek and Bln« Creek I»ljin<i. Morris Creftk la
22j tuilett tmn ('harleston mid Bine Cruuk ISJ. l-'il^^eu suagH and logs
were taken out and 14 trees cnt down, and an old boiler was removed
from tiie channel at the foot of Blue t^reek Shoal. Operations wpro
snspeiided by a rise in the river Octitbei- 23, 1890, and wiuld not be ro-
mimed in 18!»0 or in ISfll nntil May lit.
Th« project approvod for the eicwnditure of the hwtt appropriation of
#2,>'tO(>, Seoteinbor 1!), ISIIO, fur tins rivi-.r, iiicluding the siimll balance
leti over of tlie old approprintion, ('ont«mplHted the completion of the
bhisting work in Webster County, below Addison, slopped at Painter
Lick Shoal in November, 1888 {Heport of Chief of Kngmcers for 18811,
page 1U50, etc.), and some work bct^veen Sattou and tuu month of the
river in repairing, strengthening, and alttiring chute walls and remov-'
i ng obstructj ons.
The only work done during the year was in removing obstructions in
tlie interest of push boat and ntejutiboat navigation in tbu lower part of
tJie river, the principal part of the project being sutvisedly postponed
until low wat«r during the summer and fall; it will probably bo coiii-
mouced early in August, 1891.
At removiug obstructions in the lower river something was done in
Svpt«iinber and October, 1800, but the work vftm Htoppetl tor the )K^aH^n,
October 22, by high water. It was resumwl May lit, 1891, and has been
nnder way since, with a small foree of hired laborers, when tlie condi-
tion of the river would admit. The principal items of work done, in-
rtuding what was accomplished la.st fall, consisted in taking out 15.1
snags, stumps, logs, ete,, 18 large rock, and euttingannnibcr of leaning
trees.
The work was dime between the foot of Queen Shoal and Jarrett
Ford. The former is 25 iiiilcs and the hitter 12 miles from the mouth of
the river. This work is still in proirrcss.
The law of Sept«ml)er 10, 1S!MI, called for an examination of the river
with a view to improving the same by liR'ks and dams. A report oa
the subject was submitted December ly, 1800."
• Money statement.
July I, 1890, balance iinejcpenclcd $374.89
Amount appropriate by act approved Si'ptfUilier 19, IS!* 2,500.00
3,074,89
June 30, 1891, amount eipe ruled duriuf; tisr:il year 320,58
Julv I, 1891, bal.lnce imospeniieit 2,754.31
July 1, 1891, outstaniiing liabiliUcs 1, 000. 00
.July 1, 1891, balance available 1,751.31
I Amount thatcanbeprnfitablyisspcn.lprl 111 liwalyeareiiilinHJii'ieSO, 1893 2,500.00
J Submitted in compliance witli re'iiiirMiiicnts of Moctions 2 of river and
( huTbor acta of 1866 uuil 1867.
*Sec .\ppciidii 116.
242^ i>M'.r«»i:r or tmk Jiirrr ok kvciinkekp, v. p. armt.
Conniia'ciul nlat'nfi'n'« for illk ll'ivcr, WcJtt Vinjinui,
Yi'ftr oiMlini; Juiit*—
I
auil
IiiiuImt.
l\'f-t It. ^f.
is«:j r». 2mm. oin)
1SS4 1 ■». !»7ri. i)W\
issn ir., :;«5l, oih»
iMfW I !.'>. iK).i, noo
issii 1 ir>. T.'io. Olio
J Si«» "JO. *•.'>■>, 000
IslM ' -JT, J>1»5, OlK)
Ivjiilroad
tii*8.
KH), (MX)
250. (Hid
2:.;!. 000
XW. 000
2i)r>.oo(i !
:i:;o»ooo
412,500
Onk iit«ve8.
Hickory jthiktHiJ.J'I^S"
Bl.ke«. l«rk. ^f^K.
m)H, :i34
l,222,r»'KI
l.AXiJjUi
1.^45, (HM)
].210,(KM)
],6iiO, OtH)
1, 380. 000
8(N),000
CvrxU. TuHt.
500, (HH)
150, (HN)
125, (KH)
350, OUU [
568,000
200,000
rioo I
500
24,790
3i»,70U
8i<. filO
71.150
7(1, aw
1<U,7UU
'I'lic iMiiriiint of ^riicnil iiuTcliandise and producu carried on the river during the
last vijir is rstiiiiat<il al 11,<MH) tons, making tlio total; with the tiiubi^r prodncts ao
a])(>vc, 11I,T(H) tons.
I I 4.
IMPROVRMKNT OF CJAl'LKY RIVER, WEST VIRGINIA,
Dmiii^- the liscjil year I'luliii**' Juno 30, 1890, nothing was done upon
tills river, Hut iiun!l)er and liei*»lit of the freshets havmg umde it uneco-
iiomieal to <)rjj:anize a ioret* for the expenditure of the small available
hahmee, as so miieh time would have been lost and but small n>sult»
eoiild have been shown.
Operations we!<* resumed in July, 181K), in the belief that funds would
be supi)Iie<l in that month ])y a new appropriation, but the appropria-
tion of i^.^ooo was not; made until after the middle of Hepte]nber. Mesui-
tinu», work was necessarily suspended the last of August for want of
inon(\v and it was too lat(i alt4»r the appropriation Wixs avaihibleto coiii-
menee aii'ain in 1S1M>.
S(mie prei>aralions were made toward the end of May, 1801, for the
r<*sump1ion of operations on tlie iiv(»r, but high wat<»r lias abnost eu-
tin'ly prt'venled work in»Iuiie. A little has been done t4)ward theelose
ot* tile montii at tiie liead ofJli*:' Creek, lN)ol, and Winding shoals in n*-
arranu'in^r s(nne ol' the re^^ulaling walls otlooseroek. These shoals are
respe(ti\(*ly r/. -. and li! mih's I'rom the mouth of the river.
Mtmni statement.
.Iillv 1, IS!M», hwhlMrr mir\|Hlnl«'<l !|?I, TiSLriS
Aiinmiit appinprijitiMl l>y att approvrd Sr]»t»'mlnT IJI, 1S9() o. (NNK(Ni
.liiiii' :»(», IMil. aiiioimt «'\pi-inlril <hiilii«; liscal yrar J. 71,\iL*
.Jiilv 1, INMI. halamr iiiu'VJM'IkIimI 1>^ ii!^. !Mi
.Iiilv 1. isiU, (nii>i;iinliiii: llaliilitirs (Mni.ini
.liil> I, ISIM, balaiMT a\ ailal>I«' 2.:»:»S.1N»
CAmomit (»'s(iiii;itr«I ) n'i|iiirr«l for cniiiplrtiiin of cxislin;; projiM-t -l.(NK).(N»
J Anioniit that can lir|»roliial)i\ expended hi lisral year ('ii(lin«;.lnnr:{0, 1K9.*{ -I.OINKU)
|Snhiiiitted in compliance with i'e4|niremeiitrt (»t' sections L' ul* rLv(;r and
(^ liarl.or acts of isdij :iud iSliT.
^ API'i;!H>IX 1 1 — ItKI'ORT OV COLONEL CRAlliUlhU 2429
urTMiKi ol' Ml;, W\J. I'fiOCT'iR SMII'U, A8B18V*,vr BMIINICKK, ■
liAi-i.rv Uitinco'. \V \'v 'r,.r,.i,'..r .•;, /.iw,
l'r.l,,M^l.: I III.!.. Til.' Ili.i.o, 1„ »,i il Il,„ Im11„»,„.. „,.„, 11,1.
i.i.,.r..v.-i.ir.i.I (.f liniil-v Hivfr, U'.'st. Viiuiiii,i. t\,v i.l..- -■ .,....■ ' ■ ■ ■
rrt.li. rli.- j:(ii.nMiinVi.. :'.] ,.f .i.iiy ti„. iiii>.' wii« .i. -...■..: ;.„,i., Imhub,
tiil>H'*li''il "I Ki'nir;il p.irftts'w itb Hi'-ir /rin nl ordiuiiry li.w wiiIiT.
LiilxiriTH foiil.l rmt be ol.uuii.'.l iiulil Ihu Tlh t.f July, nltLtiugli tlw rivcir wiu. rlunr
iiii'l low ftii till' wtnk tir-'iinuK. t'u tliiif iliilo. bowevpr. tlio work WH« Ifj;!!)! nirtho
iuxiiDimI' ilioiivfi i.iiclci.iitiiiiiL-il \villi,..it inWirmiwiioo iinlil UieSUliifAiisiiBt, ut
whii'Ii liiiiB v'otk w:iB suspwiili'd ti-muoraiily fiit liwk ol' fuuiln, nuil fliin sitspriislnn
cODtiuiiea tu tint (lute of tiiis repurt. rh(> iiititrveiJns timo wag uiwil l>y ttic nnsinTimt
ADKUiiwr in mcMuriui' up this work Tor tli« Bt'sson ui<riuakiiigskptFhi-8uf thoViiriiniH
piifnia at whhb olistniutiuuH were enuonntored, tmd ^ttiiig tu)^t1iur datA fur nuil iu
wrillitg 111 Li niport,
A rhnnnnl fVnni 'M Teut t« 40 feet wiilo nnil 2 fuot doo)) i\t urdiiury low wutor wim
Iitadn t-hTDiigl) tliri>o«n1irl ntiiiilKtonuleclKtMandllJHhoalBnf luoMIudc, flruui llti' iimiitli
uf the rivoc l.o It.ieli I'ronk, adiiitauuu of 8 in ilea, to » pool IjmilM in ImikiIi.
In tliia ilUtniu'" omir ono HhonI, Foatcr's, S| oiileB Hbove tno invitth of rliv li»rili'y.
and two siiinit Bhuula i mined iHtti)}' above tbat were not improvMl for thi» renMiii lliut
tli'^ IiihiIht iii>d bontinL-n wiiihcd Mill Shoal, a very bad one, clnnrml out, nii'l tWy.
if II.I iimrn iiKiiii'y alioiild bcr(ini<: itvuilabli' this seuHon, coulil luunngp to mnkr u hiiiiiU
I liHiiiii'l llir<iii);b III!' tliri'o tilin:il!iirii>nti(>uudthat wouldonaner tbn imi-nuxc until tbu
Willis .-miM l.f iir'.piTiv doiii-.
Tl... Miiiill LKivs ill .l»lv Hiiil Ai.aiifit purm-d boiiiu of the looau wt.m,- U. ib>. f..„i .,f
lliti I I ;■■ -l,.i ■! :..;.. 11 Tw.iitx -Mill- I'tfi'k und there dejio»itpil ilh r-i. (■ - ■ i;i .; ili.'
drj'i !■ ! ■: ■ :i'.i -iiiiii'ii'iii ii.iiii|„.ib: Uie]>saBageof the Imm- ' .-n
lliiM I ■ ■ :.: I. mm.' [|„..-,. „l,.triu'ti()nB,but twuenl'W',1" ■ ■■'
I drnla thnpoolsoiiii
>iiv-t<.-]iih)ii'iil>ii-v:irdsof»i.]i
>rk<ifr( hours nt4'1.i'(>]><'rd:i
niimbiTof ULi-n]iiribiv wiif
d!Nllft".>.'t .>t"d.,iibie-t:ipi'd fii
d nii-k wiTc^lodsr-iii'dliiTblii;
V. Xine diivs »■!•«■ lost ..ut '
illj. HiKhestiiinubcrL'l.ln
'1.* 'lb'
^ibl.. 4H.
liiiIht 7.
1 riwH oiTnri->il iivi-nitiiim 2
.7 li-i-t. und oiif of .'-..» f...l.
!-r,,t..,
iiIkt 111,
2430 1{K1»0RT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. "S. ARMT.
'riiirc urv s sawmills. avoniKiii;; 12.0()0 tV*ot per day and one stavemill on the
tril)ut:tricM of the (iniilcy within the liniits of tho work this season. The lamber
heiii^ shijipeil is ash. jioplar. walnut; and oak.
The hoatiiieii and luiiiheniu'ii K<>eni to he well HatiHiicd with thc'work, except that
tlu'V fear some dii)irultv in Mill Shoal hh the ehnnnel is ci-ooked. It would hare
heeii liettrr to have a strai^lit channel here, hut time and means did not permit. X
hoat loaded witli lumher ]iass<'d tliroiij;h tliiH ehnto last Avcek "without trouble,
whii-h sIkiwh liir rhaiint'l to )m> much improved, for this could not hayo 1>eon doue
before tin* shoal was woikctl at.
.^u examination was made of Little and Hi;; Uon^hrt, respcetividy 12 nud 13 milM
fi-i>m iht moutli of the ri\er. with a vii w to iinpn»vin^ them lor tlio purpose ol^
doaiin;; lous. and it in ihon<;ht that the work will not Im^ difti(Vilt.
There is a 1>oom in the (ianh-v liiver section at present and largo tracts of coal,
farmin*;, ami timlier lands have been bold at enhanced prices.
ivespiM't fully submitted.
Wm. Pboctor Smith,
Auitiant Engineer,
Col. Wm. r. (*i:Ai<iiiiLL,
L'liifinccr dorpM^ U. S. A,
Table.
X;nn<' of shoal or le^l;;*'.
DiHtaiirn
from tilt*
iiiouth of
(iuiiloy.
Width of
le<lgi-8
Hud
bIumiIs.
JiiiM-tion ni'llMiilcy anil New III vers
SrraMili- • 'r nk I .i-ilii*-
Jtiirks l'iii<l l,»«l;:e
JJi;; ( 'riM-1; Slmal
I'iMil S!io;il I
"Winilitii: Shoal j
KiTuaiii Sh<i:il ■
I)iinh-n SliD.-il I
Dnnhii IJijuih- '
I.oiii; Slinal ;
Twi'iit^ MihShii;!
No. 1. alni\i- Twi nty-Mili-
No. *J. ah*"\«' Iv, I tilN -Mih"
No. .'!. ahiiNt Twt rit \ -Mih-
Mill siio.li :
1
4
•I
• I •
:t
r.
Feet.
h:w
K4G
«»— •'
4li<)
IIW
77«
],4Kt
14::
1.075
Tot ill.
I
7,:n4
Siilid
nick.
Tamnm)
ru«:k.
C^t.ydg. (ft. yds.
III)
■I
...j
» ■
I
fW
412
:«
](»
101
B
^•07
421
j:i8
61
»)
C47
212 j 2,070
Total.
Cv.
ytlt.
»l
5-1
212
64
••4
■■*
w
S:
2ii7
4J1
14'»
61
20
654
2,20
i'om,inii'iiil i^ln^l.^l\rs fur ii(iuU}i 7/irei', JIV*/ Mvginia,
Yi'.'ir « ii<liiiL;
,hiii.- ::o
l^-;'.i
l^l»l
S.i v\ I"^-. 1,'iniin I"
I'.f
:;.-l .-III
::.^l. Toil
\' .'-I.! !:'i<i
,:, i'i| ,'. mill
J l.r.' .■■i"i
I.Jil.MMl
St.r. ^^.
'fnUIlMK^'of
tiiiihi-r.
177. too
■J7J.-JO.I :
PrrMliHc,
etr..
]IMI. IMII)
7. rji
!». Il»l ,
!»,07r. !
Ii).:{i7 ,
Tiillir.
7H
Wi
8U
Tot 111 fi-niii
(iUllIt'V.
Toil jr.
7, l.'il
(I. :V>U
!». 7flfl
10, 4:mi
Mon-haii-
iliiu? t«i
<jatil«>y.
Tun*.
l.:r-"J
1.980
1.9iU
'fliis eonniierce jv: < .-inieil on \Nith four b:itean\ and four ilat boats, drawing about
18 ilH'he.s <»f w.tler, jnul ol" IS tnns e:ipjHity eaeh.
I I 5.
iMPi;(>\ l.Ml.NT (>!' M:\V i:i\i.i;. VlbM.IM.V AM) WKST VIKtilNIA.
A fin- ;i sii^iMMi-sion nf llir n|M-i;ilii)Ms for sniiu* ,\rars lor want of tuiuls
nil jipinnpri:ninii <«t' •^lO.tMM) wm^ iiKidr .\ii«iiist 0. ISSiJ, a])|)lii»al)h\ how
ever, niily t<» thr jiortinn of tin' rivrr aHovr ihi' Lead Mines ill AVjtlio
I'oiuity, Vuk.
■ APPENDIX II — BEPORT OF COLONEL CRAIOHILL. 2431 ^
Iloiibt having arisen, in view of tha cilmnged contiition of affairs on
and ufLbp till! rivi'T. as Ui tlie proprioty of expuudiug this appropriation
at oiirc. it was (lecidod by proper authority to detfer opoj-ntious until the
will of i.'ongress could be further ascertained.
Ill (III- rivpr and harbor act of August 11, 1888, it was diroct*-d th»t
till' biilaiHt^ should l>e spent in improving the river between Ivanhoe
l''uiiijii-<-, in Wythe Conntj', and the mouth of Wilson Creek. Ojiwrii-
tiiiiis iti aci-onlancfi with this direction were commenced in June, 18.S!t,
iind i-iinlinucd until October 10, I8S9. The work done, was in the neigli-
btirhoud of Ivanlioe Furnace, and was continued until neceassuily nun-
pendt^ by high water. A balance of S2,341.i9 was left, which atill re-
nminx.
The expenditures on this river np to 1886 were Jiighly useliil, but
8{nc« that time the situation has changed. In a report of April 17,
1891, given below, it was recommended that the remaining balance bu
not spent at present. To this the Secretary of War agreed.
Mtmeg statement
July 1, 1800, lialiMiC'e DDexponded IS, ML 79
Jnly 1, 16U1, balfloue unexpended 2, 34L70
( Ainonnt (estiuiiitedl mquired (or completiou of nilsting projoot 15!), OX). 00
< 6nliinltt<^d in compliauce with roqnireuieuts of sections 2 of rivei aad
t hathot Buta of 1866 and 1667.
eeport of colonel wu. p. ceaighill, corps op engineers.
United States Ehginbeu Office,
JiaUimore Md,, April 17, IBIH.
General: A balance of $2,.'H1.79 remains of the last appropriation
for Xew River, Virginia and West Virgiiiia. of $10,000, August, 1886.
I'm- nmsiiim nhicli will jijipciir IjcIhw it i.'< 'believed the expenditure of
this biilanoc wimld be a waste »l' iiumi'v.
■file law «f .June HI, 1S72, called (ur a survey of the river from the
I ilh i)f the Crei iihrier at lliiiton, W, Va., to the Lead Mines in Wythe
< 'imiity. Va. A full report, with maps, was submitted in a short time
t hi'ri'after, which may be found in the Annual Report for 1373, pages
.sii,*-.s.->4. This included 12S miles of the river.
Three plaiiN of iinprovi'irient were estimated for, viz: let, a 2-feet
lialiaux navi^atiiiii, t4> cost *HH),O00; 2d, a 3-fcet steamboat navigation
wjthuut locks, to cost >!],(MI0,(MM); 3d, a system of locks and dams for a
iiiivi;;alioii of r,^ fvi't. to cost »'2,rm,(\m.
The lirst a|ipii>priation was made in 187G, $15,000; work was com-
lucnced in 1^77 and cuntliiued several years on the section of the river
indicated, with gof>d results for a fine country bordering the stream,
but up to tliat time much undeveloped. The railroads of the country
:it Ihat time were the Norfolk and Western, which cro.ssed the river in
I 'iilaski County, in the southwest part of Virginia; and the Chesapeake
and Ohio, which t<iuched it at tlic mouth of the Greenbrier, at Hinton,
in \Vc(*t Virginia, and then nui along its banks to its junction with the
Gauley, where the two form the Great Kanawha.
The law of June IS, LS7.S, called for a survey ofthe upper portion of the
river, 62 miles in length. IVom the Lead Mines in Wythe County to
tlie mouth of Wilson Creek in Grayson County, Va., near the border
i»f North Carolina. The report in full may be found in the Annual Be-
2432 JIKPUKT OF TUE CHIKF OF ENGINKKUS, U. S. ARMT.
lH>rt for 1S7JK l*art T, pjigcs 538-545. Tlu'ce 6stiinato8 were presented
Ibr tliis iKirt of the river also, wliicli lias but one-half the Icn^j^tli of the
lower iiortion alr<»a<ly referred to. Tlujse estimates were as follows,
viz: 1st, for a li-foot bateaux navigation, to cost S115,<KM); !icl, for a
3-foot st(»ani navi^^atiou, 6l,20(),(KK)j 3d, a 6-foot steam mivigatioii,'
sl,(i(H),00(), with liK-ks and dams.
Tlir ])laii of iiaprovemeiit adoj)t<'d for the whole river was that which
would fost tlio lea.st, h215,00(), and called for a navipfatioii of 2 feet at
h>w water. TluTe were appropriations iulS80, 1881, and 188!i, Meantime
the usefulness of the river heeame less and less as a means of transixnta-
tion, due nnioh t<> thes jureat <levelo])ment of the railroad systems, in
soni(» i»ai'ts i)arallelinjLC the river; and be<'ause of the great cost of tlie
ini]>rovenient, esju'rially in tlH» upper imrtions, was greatly out of \nv-
])ortion to the a<lva!jta«;es uutler the ehanged eonditions.
llrrc attention njay 1m» called to the effeet of the ehanging eonditions
Avhieli sonietinu's arist», and N4»w Ifiver is a striking illnstnition of it.
In a eouniry lii'li in nu'iHTals and a^rieultunil products, a natural water-
way may ])e of tln^ greatest value, espeeially if there be no eompetinj;
rjiilroiMls, and th«» cost of its improveinent be not very great. In e^airse
of time (Minipi'tin^r railroads are ])uilt, the toi)Ogra])hy t>eing favoKihlc.
If the c\i)ens<» of the improvement of the river be gwnit and the avail-
able money little, tlu» railroads will take the business and the river Ik?-
coiiH's comparatively unimportant. This has for some years been the
situation in the New Iviver couirtry, especially the upj)er i>ortion.
In tinn'. as ])opulation increases and great mining, nmnufaetnring.
and a^ricultuviil iniei<*sts become* enlarged, the imiKjrtanee of thenat-
ui'id wnter way again incri'asi's to such an extent as to justify a higher
stvle of improv<'meni. an<l in nwinv instancc»s the eonstrnetionof eanals
is idso found ad\'antngeous. This condition has been reached in sc^veral
of the great lOuropenn States, and will he in time in the TnitiHl States.
New IJiver has, however, not reached this stage. It is at pii».st*nt in
the s<*cond stii;:;<' of companUivt* unimjjortance.
This cnnditinn seems to hsive Im'cii recognized by ( 'ongivss, asnmybe
inferreil from llie f;ic| th;it there were no ai»]>ro]iriations for New Kiver
in l>is:i. isst. ;iii,i iss."». .hd>- 1, isso. there w;?s a balan<*e n'maining
unexiMMided i){' >':{.on!) iVnm Ihi* ;jp|)io]M'iation of August -, ISSi*. This
peiiiiined h\ s|HM*i;iI <le.sion;ii ion <ii" tJK' law to the )H>rtion of the river
al»n\r l\ sier l':ills, which were not passahle. T1m» balanct* remained
nnexpended lKM';insr ollhe imp;iss;il>ility of these falls. As the discon-
nectinn willi routes of tr;in>port;iti«»n <'aused hy these falls would ]>rsH'-
t icjiIJN disapjjcaron tlu' completion nftln' railri>ad tlu-n being eonstrutc«-d
up ('ripph' ('n'ck, and ;is Imats cnnid then sliij) to tlu» railroad their
IVeJMht :it Porter lVn\ nlnixi' the h-Jid mines and tin* falls, it was con-
<'lnd((l lo improNc tlie condition of Williamson Ledges ami Shoals for
temporary hsj's. This wnk w a- continued as hite as the season aUowi'd,
a smjdl hjihince of funds Keing left une.\pen<led. but not larg<» (Muaigh
toJu>iity the rc>nmption of operutiims in the summer of ISSIJ.
There was an appH)in"i;ilion id" sHKOOO in the law of August 5, ISSIJ,
ajt/flirtihlc ot/lj/ fit tin p'^t'ttm of tin- rirrr nhnrc ihe Ivad miiws^ the most
e.\pcnsi\<' jjortion. N\ hen ihe money hecame available it was too hit**
to connncn<*e opi ijitions in 1S8(>. I'oi' nnu'c than one reason it si*eined
ine\])e<licnt t<» expend this ;ip]u«)priatiou in the yt'ar ending June 'tiK
isss. The jjortion of the ri\cr lo whi<'h it was a])pli<'ableisa1>ove Ko>-
ter l'';dls. nnd the<e c;in onlv he i)assed l»v one or twohM'ks forthecon-
structitm of which thr nniney a\ailahle was alti»gether inad«Mpiate.
There was als<» stuuig reason lor douht whether, considering Ihexires-
^m APPENDIX I I — Ki;POKT Uf 0OLONE1-. CKAIGHILL. 2433
flit tli-\'i'l(ipitient of that sectioii of the conntry, the construction of sacU
links \Mnitil be justifiable, even if the money were available. The con-
Hlviii'li'iii of railroads near this stream had dioiiuislied very mucli the
iiiilxii'tuuee of the improvement of the portion almve Fost*r I^'allis.
AJWi' a rare^l reexaminatiun of the Hubject and a n^ionnoirtftant'e of
the river and its vioinity, it was dcu^ided by tlie Secretary of War to
IMDitimne tlie expenditure of the appioptiatton until the will of C!on-
gifHH cfudd be fUrther afil^ertluned.
In the river ahd harbor iw^t of August 11, 188S, it was, however,
dircctfiilhut the balanee should be spent iniinprovinuthe river between
Ivaiilux" li'nmace, in ^Vythe County, and the mouth of "^Vilfl^ln Creek,
the most exiMjnsive part of tlie work. Operations in aocurdance with
tlii8 speeiKe ilirei^lioit were therefore eommeneed June d, 18SU, and eon-
linued until Ottobtr 1«, 1889.
In liS8/( there was a ehannel 2 feet deep and 20 feet wide fi-oBi Ivan-
lioo FuriiBcu ta within tHM) feet of the head of Wilkinson Shoals and
Ledges, a distance of 3.9 miles.
ill 188!) this channel, with the siuue width and depth, was DXteuded
to the lower end of the approach to the Gulf, a distatuie of 5 miles from
the initial jKiint, with tour-tenths of a mile further up the river par-
tially improved. This is obviously a very local Impntvcmenti, made ai-
iQost entirely in rock at great expense and, in my opiuiou, of nu v»lae
whutcver. No work was done in the calendar year 18!X), and none bat)
iie4-n possible u« yet in 1801, the water being too high and too e^Id.
Mo appropriation has been made siuee 18S6.
Very respectfnily, yonr obedient servant,
Wm. p. CRA.IGH1IJ.,
Colonel, Corps of Engineem.
liriy. (ii'ii. Thomas I-. ('asf.y.
Chief of JCvgincem, U. S. A.
I'liKI.IMINAHV i:XA
VIEW I " ■
(rriulcd in Home Ki. UtK. No. Il», Fiftj-Hntt Cuiigrcao. HtTouil ncKsioD.J
Ol'KICK OF THK CUIEK OP ENGINKKRS,
UMITBD StATK!* Akmy,
Washington, J>. C, Dei^embcr IfJ, 18'Ji).
Siu: I have the honor t« snbmit herewith report dated l>ecember 13,
IsiHi, from Col. Wni. P. Craigliill, <'orps of Engineers, giving results of
pri'liiiiiiDiry exiimination of Elk Itiver, West Virginia, with a view of
ini|>r<>viii<; the Kiiine by locks und dams, made to u>mply with require-
nii'iils of tlio river and harbor act approved September li), 1890.
t'oloncl C'raighill reports that in his opinion the improvement of Elk
lti\-er by loi'ks and dams is not worthy of being undertaken by the
United -States.
I coni-ur in his views.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Hrig. Ocn., Chief of Engineers,
lion, Ukufiki.i) I'hoctoi;,
•Secretary of War.
KNG 91 153
2434 ii]:roK'r of tue vihef of engineeks, u. s. akmy.
KEPOKT or iOlJ)Ni:L WILLIAM P. CKAIGUILL, CuKl\S OF KNUlMaiR:?.
UxiTKO States Kngineek Oii'iri:.
Ji((ltimori\ MiL. Ihnmhtr i.7. /^''".
(ti:Ni:iML: Til (MUii])!!;!!!!'!' with your iiistnirtioii.s <>r Si-jjti'niln-r jn,
isiM». I ha\r tlM' lioiinr t<» Mil)init lK-li)W a rrixnt as to tlio rxaiiiiiiatiHii
of •• I'lk Ki\iM'. A\ t'st Viiju'inin. with a vicAv of imj)n»viu^ tlie >\\mv hy
lorlvs aiul <l;nii>."
A sur\r\ of iliis ri\ri' was nia<h' in IST"*, a ifpori of whioh may In*
t'oimd in the Animal K'rpoir of ilic Cliiof of lOiiniin'iTs for 187J», l^irt II.
|)am"> Hit»-17(». I'sliniatr'; ^^^l^' ^ivi'ii for two iiu*tliotls of improvt'iMciiL
One of tJM'^*' (■'•nsi.'sit'd in \\\v riMiioval of sna^i's, rorks, oviThaiiuinu' tvcrs.
(•re. and llu' cnltinu" of narrow sluices thr<ni;:h tluMaj)ids and >lioal>.
tlir ciiirl" inu'H'sls to lu' sul)si»rv('d bcin^ tliosc-of luinhtTinji" and raflinjr.
as al>o ihr inovt'nicnt in smaller ln)ats of inurh country produrr with :i
return of nierrliandise. This pn»iei-t was I'srimatod to 4*ost >«liH».JMJn.
I'ntlei- tiii> piojert the tir>t a]>i>n)]>rialion was inatle of -Sri.lHM), June IS.
JS7S. jind liie last ot' >'-..'i(H» ]>y the river and liarlun* aet. of S«*|ir«*ial)er
rj, lS!>o. Thf ainunni e\pend<-d \\\) to this date lias been *-!.() IS. in.
Avilh -nat ad\anla,ue to tiie navi^aliou of the river and to the iManife>t
benefit of ilii' eoiinlr\' llirou;^h whieh it tlows. Thisnielliod of ini]»rov<"
nienr -slinnld be eontiniied. Its ]nomess has been detailed annually in
the loMMTls of t Ik* Chief of I-'iiuiiit'ers.
TIm' >*ie«nhl int'liiod of ini|)io\ ciiM'nt estiniati'd tor in the report of
lS7."i wa> u^v locks and ilanis. Thr amount was sl,r>tM).()(M). This has
not brrn eniercd Upon, ami in my Jnd^iiienl the present and prospiM*-
ti\e need< <»f rommerec do not Warrant it. Should, howevtT. < 'onirte<>.
d«Mi«b' oi iici vi-xe. it .should 1m- with the kuowh d^^f that the I'oal trade
now HMii;ij«s knuer huks than wi-n' deemed nee(*ssarv 15 Vi*ars aL'<».
and tilt- e>^; imaii' i'or an improvement b\ loeks and dams must be in-
enaxd lo -J.-sonjiiHi ji" cai rii'(l lo Sutton, KM) mih-s from thennaithof
tin* riser, oi .<l.!)nn. uno ii" rallied to a ])oini a litth» ab<»ve \V\\r Otter
('re<*k, about <J7 mik's from tiie month of tlie river.
For the \\\K-\^ and it-asoiis x-t forth herein an«l the aee(»mi)anyin«:r eopy
of report i^\ l)»'rrmbrr 1. 1S!K). from Mr. A. M. Scot t, ami having; in
vii-w tin' pH'vfiii and pio^periis e n»*eds ol" <'oiinueree, 1 have lo >tati*.
Hs rt«iniitd o> the ii\er and liarlMir ai-t of Se]»lend>er \\K IStM). that in
m\ opinion t lie improN emenl of F.llv lli\er. \V«*nI \"ir^inia. by loeksand
<lam> is Hot -^iieli a one as to be woi-iiiy (»f beini;: underlakeu by tlie
rniieil States.
N<» finlln'r >in'\ e> i«N iMMM*>'>ar\.
\i'V\ rt'^-periiiilly. \ our olM'dieni >,-rvant.
Wm. I*. C KAU;ilILT.,
l>ri^. Cien. Tn«'M \s L. {' \sy.\\
Chi' t' ni' Kn'iiiittrs, U. aS", a.
ia:roi;r of mu. a. m. siorr, assistant kn'GIXEER.
I'm 111) SlATKS F.NiaNEKR OFriCK.
('kiii'h >:.>n- h'lfHtnrfm, W. Vtl., Ihutinher 1, 7.v'"'.
I'l'i.oNii : Pi \'\>]y t«. x.-'ir-i of S.'Hit]iil««r I!". I li;i\c tin* honor tu sulnnil th** fok
lowiTi^ 111 ii !.:.■:,. 1' I. I i«i.nrr r. [iiiird liv ih.- ];isi riviT aiul liarl»ur law oii Klk
IJiv'Li', "\N'i'i .! \ i. v\ 111 i:i»i»iM\ ill j; iln- «.nnr Uy kuks Mini dams."
flic cx:iini!Ki;iiMi of Llk liivir, nuidr iu lv*^70 under your directiuu by Mr. N. H.
^ APPBXUIX U — KEPOUT OF COLONKL CHAIGUILI.. Z465
Hatton, C. E^ Mill tlie AlU rojiorta <iu this aiuii« [uuliliHlinl io Uio AuduhI ttoport of
UwChiurof Eiiginvi-ra foT 197G, Furb II, pngea 106 Ui 1T6>, itueiued to inaku rurthec
Iirolirotnnry enrrnyM iiniiei^pssnry ut ttiig tuue.
Ak rr^urilii till! UHtiiml ir'annVi^es luiil gniinriil rliiiLn i< :"i.' ' "F i ::< \Al1uy, tlio
rc|Hirl^ n-ft-rruil to un<l tho letters niut rxtriwt« fruiii "i l^lu•cl with
t Ill-ID iiiuhv It [jrtitty fitll «huvriiig i>f thia pM-lof tliu rini' . i.iMu niliU-
tloiiul iitr r.t of iiifoniiittion nrnlor tliis li<-a<1 isfiiiiiiil i. - i ■i.[.iiii<''s Kc
W.11I-.-..-..1' U\-»t ViiL-iiiia. (S,-,- ihht.-'b 1;i7. SSS, 2M, ;n;T, ■'■■, ■;!, •■!' ., imljlUhoil in
!■■"■ r„,ji„, . u-: ... '.., ,',:;, tiiu.
;:>'iihi^<. [I .i:l , . - .' .; i ' ,., I . \[Ltiir;, on a l&rgo tm>t of iaiid Bitu&tud
I'll I-!; I''' 1!. I ! .1 I i ■ I I ■■ : :i''-;ij [net iiiuQHil reiHirla wore kiniIlyluHii(<(l
'111-- . I ■ .. 'ii. I rliispTiuje. Tlioy embrace abuut 30 milutt
"I Hi. ,ri(i nlioutWnad 70 miles thiin the uouth.
I'll' luil fln« quitllty of the coul oa a- very ciiu-
iiiiN I I 1 - |< ii 1 " ' i:. - ' I |ij i^-.,'Lit ilut>inuinml the beat developmiiut
ol workiiiK ^'' ii ■ ■ ■■! I...- I'lii 1 1 "id miles of the river, begiiining
lUMt Itift Saii'I , . I ■ I ■ , :■ . ' thi' rivet, ami exb'iirting to the
ueightHirbix"! ..i ■ . . ■ ■■, nuiitics. Trofcwor Mniiry. in
Uauryimil I' i. i .. i.ik'-s tin, lucmth of Big (Hlpr
Cr«-k, ill CI;!! I ■ ,i..\:'.i ,!,■ . ,-r. I II [NiiTit on thu wiTsti'm lino for tlio
low 11 ■ .n wjiliT Il'viI, II will lie notiuud thut l»illi lie und
l'i"i< - u. ilwii'ribo good (HiiiitM iibovu tbo river oil O'ltHon
II-.- ' I'liFH point, T3 iniluK from tile luuuth oftha Elk, in
l< -. -I ii iii' Uiii good wurknblo aeiuuB on or D«ur thH riv«t
fLod dmuB or not KeeniB
It iiid for tninsportution
'• FiiiiiiU of commerre,"
I !ii til Jimtify the liirga
liTOii;,'h l-:il! Vulloj, it is evident
1 liy river iiiuy bo of intercut in
II- Cliiirlontiiu pool to Ciudmiati
i..r mill). Tliia is for oiicratom
i.vi;rB the totnl eipcnseit to siifh
thu return of the em^ty barge.
I tiiwboiitN, aa aoino ot tne largo
t more than 1 mill pi* ton per
lilt mili-M from Uhnrlt^stou. l''or
LsHisHippi Iwlow C'iucinunti, the
j'n to tlio Oliarlestou pool with u
il) niiiy Hiifidy be tiikcn atamill
"4H than tliiK. Taking it at that,
lid lie a little !<«» than 10 <■ eiitH
lid preHi^iit rate tiom the Cliarles-
iii;;, wotil'l make, ini-ludiiif; tho
ton I'roin Ottor Crook to Cincin-
ii*[)th of 4 fuct on tlio lofk sills,
iili.pilMifn:ivi;.'iitionandMi!!i!or
.-t viiiniriini'iitlWwhiiliis that
i, ill ii--iil:ir-si/ed, full draft (6
ni,iii-l.hiiri;i'>w..iilin«)2Ca-.-t
llfnviiii,'i-,~liiii;it.' tliL' loi-ks were
irli iii.iiiiiiiiiimil.'jitliof 6^r«eC
i-liiiut iMrrifit ij]. Sf.Tt aliovo
2436 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AKBiT.
for locks, tlaiuB, and abutments waa taken 5 feet below low- water mark and all con-
bidercd as resting on solid rock.
The dauis to bo mainly of round logs flattened at crossings and filled with stone:
toi)8 to bo covered with square timber and planked; backs to be sheathed ana
banked. The abutments to be of masonry, with coping 8 feet above crest of dam.
Retaining cribs and shore protection on both sides are also inclnded.
In reference to water 8n]»ply for this sized lock — taking the miuimnm as low as
estiinatful by Mr. Hutton, 80 cubic feet per second, which at most can be but for a
small part oi* tho year — it woidd be sufhcient for three lockages per hour after making
liberal allowances for waste, etc. Two loaded coal barges per hour would amount
to 28,(M4) tons (576,000 l)usliel8) per day.
The estimate is as follows:
For one lock :
(irubbiug and clearing $200
8,(XK) cubic yards of earthwork excavation and embankment, at 55 ccntfi. 4, 400
8(K) cubic yards rock excavation, at $2 1, 600
2(M) cubic yards puddling, at $1 200
530 cubic yards cut stone masonry, sills, quoins, and coping, at $16. . 8, 4W
1,750 cubic yards point(?d face and rock face masonry, at $10 17, 500
8,000 cubic yards backing masonry, at $6.50 19, .500
UK) cubic yards concrete, at $6 600
3,000 cubic yards riprap and stone filling, at $1.50 4,500
■100 cubic vards paving, at $3 1,200
00,000 feet, B. M., of timber, at $30 1,800
10,000 liuear feet of crib logs in coft'enlam, at 15 cents 2, 400
lO.OOO feet, B. M., of sheathing in cofferdam, at $20 200
1,6(K) cubic yards of tilling in cofferdam, at 50 cents 800
P'or lock gates and iron work in lock . . . ^ 4, 500
For land at site and lock-men's houses 3, 500
71,380
For contingencies, inspection, engineering, etc., say 14, 620
Total for one lock, inclutling site and buildings 86, 000
For (lam and abutment:
(i rubbing and clearing 200
5,(M)0 cubic yards excavation, at 60 cents 3, 000
8,500 cubic yards backing and embankment, at 50 cents 4, 250
2(K) cubic yards puddling, at $1 200
450 cubic yards masonry, at $9 4, 050
20 cubic yards coping, at $16 \. 320
7.(K)0 cu])ic yards stone filling and riprap, at $1.50 10,500
26,000 liiusii- feet of round tiinb<n\ at 20 cents 5,200
85,000 feel, 1>. M., of scpiare timber and plank, at $30 2,.V>0
1,6(K) poun«ls sjukes and bolts, at 5 cents 800
31,070
For cont injujencies, inspection, eui;iiieering, etc., say 5,930
r<ilal for (lain and abulnient 37. OOtl
Total for lock 86, 0(H)
Tolal for h)ck and dam 123,000
For <lre<lL;ing in pools, deepening and widening channels at shoals, aver-
age \H)i' pool, say 4, 000
127,000
I'or 22 locks and dams, carrying the improvement to Sutton, lOOmiles from
the ni<Hi th * 2, 7JW, 000
For 15 locks and dams, carryinj;' the im]>rovem«Mit to Walter's Defeat Shoal,
1^ miles above I'.ig Utter and 67 miles from the mouth of the river 1,905,000
Viiy respet;tl'nlly, your obedi«mt servant,
Addison M. Scott,
Besident Engineer,
C<d. A\ M. I*. Ckakjhiij,,
('(fvpa of /^ntjiuttrSj if, S. A,
APPENDIX J J.
[
IMPROVEMENT OF CERTAIK KIVERS IN KiiNTllCKY AND WIOST VIHlil.NIA.
REPORT OF MAJOR I). W. LOCKWOOD, CORPS OF EyamBEIlS. OFFSCKK LV
CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL TEAR ENDims JUNE 30, 1S91, WiTll OlIIKlt
DOCUMENTa RELATIHO TO TUE WORKS.
raiPROTEUENTI
I. Tniilewater River, Keotncky.
'2. Operatinf; nnd ke(>ping in re|i!iir locks
iin<l (Initis an Greeu and Barri'u rivers,
Kentucky.
3. Rnnicb River, Kentucky.
4. Kenljcky River, Kentunky.
5. OiHTuting uud keeping in repair locka
nndiliinis on Keiitncky Rivor, Een-
tiiiky
7. flig Siiady Ri-ror, West VirginU und
Koutiiuky.
8. Levis:! Fork of Big Siuitly Rivar, Kitd-
9. Tub; t'ork of Big Sttady River, West
Virginia ami Kentnuky.
10. tiuyaiidut,t« Bivor, Wwt VirgiuU.
11. Littis Kuuitwba Rivur. Wtwt VIi'>
ginii.
12. Buekhunnon River, Wost Virginia..
EXAMINATIONB,
rcn River, Kentucky, al)uve 15, (irerii River, KentiifUv, nl.
It; lirrrn, witli a vitw i>f i'.\- , numlli cif Hi;; Barr.-ii liiviT
Z sliick-«;it«r niivigiiliuii liy I vU'w iif ux!uudiiii;Ml;ick-Wiit
iii:il Vn:V.n :in<l (lilliis. galiiiii un (Jreun River.
r„rk ,.|- tlic Uig Siiiidy River,
■k.v. Willi tlio -PifV! of reinov-
iti'i]cti»ii8 from Ute eaiue. I
United States Engineer Office,
Cincinnati, Ohio, July II. ISO!.
(lENEKAL: I have the boiior to traiiBiuit herewith the anaunl rojimts
nil {\\i- works under my charge at the close of the fiscal yoar cniliiifi
.iiiiii-:i(i. iS!)i.
f-'ir.it Lieut. Win. L. Sibert, Corp.s of Engineers, ha-s heen on duty
uii<I»'r the direction of this office throughout tlie year.
Vfiy vesi»e(;tfiilly, your obedicut servant,
D. W. LoCKWOOD,
Major of Enijineers,
r>rig.<li'ii. Thomas L. Oasry,
Chief of Entjiiuir^, U. S. A.
2437
2-1 o« KFrORT OF THE TIUKF OF KNCINKEKR, IT. S. ARMY.
JJI-
IMPROVEMENT OF TRADE WATER RIVER, KENTUCKY.
The Tradewivter is a tributary of the Ohio and empties iuto it 79 miles
below Evansville, Tii<l.
The i)r()iect for the iiiiproveinent, adopts in 1881, contemplated
originally the reiuoval of obstructions, sucli as bars, snags, etc., so as to
opiMi up to navigation 22 miles of the river by forming a channel with a
mininuini width of 40 feet and a mininmm depth of 2^ feot for 8 months.
The survey upon whi(jh the i)rq]ect was based covered 41 miles of river,
and the scope of the work has been extended to embrace tbis although
the (leptli of water, 2^ feet, can only be secui*ed for about 5 months each
year in the npper portioji.
Dnring the i)ast fiscal year the river has been thoroughly gone over
from its mouth to i>ellville, a distance of 41.15 miles, and such obstrae-
tions as had escaped observaticm in the previous year or had refonned
or originated after the closing of work in the sesison before were re-
nio\'ed. Work commenced sliortly after August 1, 1890, and closwl
December 2.*^. During that time the ruins of a stone dam 68 feet long,
4 feel Inojid, and 3J feet higli were removed from the river at Xunn
Ili])plc. In addition to this, GG9 snags, 17 trees, 511 logs that were
obstructions t^) navigation were removed; 2,551 stumps wei*e grubbed
and 27!) tree tops cut uj).
Money statement.
.1 Illy 1 . 1SJ)0, bahince unoxpondod $2, STifi, 19
June :>(), 1S91 . jiinomit oxpiMuled during fiscal year 1, 837. Ur»
July 1, 1801, balance unexpended 1,018.54
COMMKRCIAL STATISTICS rOR THE FISCAL YKAR KXDIXG JUNE 30, 1891, TRADE WATER
RIVER, KEXTICKY.
Airich.'rt.
I
ISSI). 1890.
1801.
Articles.
I I
18S0. 1800. . ISOI.
I
I T'lHif. T")ig. '. Tung. , T«#iiJ!f. j Tfttf. Tnut.
Coal '_'l».ii:»r. U^^.H?.') lO.ono Kailroad tios ' ■ T. jr.7 - is T.'t'
roni 1.711 :{, l'.»2 l,.!'»o Staves* ' llii '.MM , n.iii:;
rionf 1.740 ! Ti>l»iu;co s«» ::«»
lIcMi|) lull.-- lis ; Wlu'Jil I C.4:jo 4.410 I.M"i4i
LiiiiilM-r. >a\\ r{\ .
J.uus
I'riMlilrc
:.. 71(1
:{l»l ! Mi-nhuiiiIiMi.'.
4,077 i-
r.,:joo , Total
•jr»-) 7i:5
rio,574 4«;.4oi :ii.-j.w
List (tf hotita plifhiff on Ti'tuh'watcr ItiviTj Kfniavly.
Naiiii- <>r lioat .
CIiavarUT.
I>>ii^tli. l)r<-a<ltli. Dt'prli. T<iiiii:i;;i-
K..I. I{m-«mi Passi'imrr
.1. C Kill" <1«'
IJi ill- Mary r.i.-<.-<tiiii»'r ami tow. .
MaLLuii r.»ll <lo '
1). .\. r.iottks. .Ir . <Ii» '
•loliii .\ . I.ouaii ilo
Mollis SiiNilrr 'I'ow
i> w:t II '. \ V Vv AsviYV I
\
/'.
ft.
jr..')
10.')
11")
TO
!N»
40
F,'ft.
:il
IWt.
•'». i\
_.»
.)
'J ►
:s. «
•JO
:i.t»
IH
:t.i) ,
•JO
4
IJ
4
6
3.5
k
(■.:»
r»'»
4:
;'Hi
7n
4
2
F
APrKNDIX J.I — RKrORT OI* MA.IOII I.OIKWOOI*. 2439
'I'lie ITuitcd states acqiiiretl possession of tJieee locks and dams De-
cember 1 1. 1388, by purchase. At tliat date four of the locks, to wit, Nob.
1, 2. und iy Green Hiver, and So, 1, Ban-eo Kiyer, were being opeiuted.
The river wall of Ko. 3, Oi-cen River, was down, having fallen into the
I'ivtir about the first of the year. Ko. 2^ Qreen Itiver, was and had beeu
for yeurs in a dilapidate condition, the river wall ha\'iiig yielded out-
wards, aud the laud wall was only kept from falling into the lock cham-
ber by being anchored to cribs in rear of it filled with stone.
.\l N'o. 1, llarreii, tlie lower end of the land wall had cracked badly
iiTii! u.'is in danger of falling at any time.
Till- tiiJit work evidently was that of restoring navigation by the re-
roiisdiution of the river wall at Lock No. 3, and as the lower end of
tlii^ hiiid irall of TSo. 1, Barren, was apparently unsafe it was deemed
btv^t I'll rebuild it at the same time. The abov'e was done in time to iii-
ojK'ii the river to navigation on November 10, 1890. At Ijock-No. 3, Grccii,
li"wi-v<T, there was a gap in the top of the laud wall between the gal«s
Dial wa.s liO inches deep and about 60 or TO feet long, and owing to the
river Imviiigrisensuddeuly to such an ext«ut as to be within about 1 foot
of Mn- top of the upper gates, when the first st«amer arrived Irom be-
low, till' gap in the wall had to be stopped so as to make the diraharge
(hroiigh aud over the uncompleted wall less than the capacity of the
lining valves before the boat could be locked through. The gap was
tlits<-d wil li dam timbers and the lockage efifected with a delay of about
■J or J hum-.-,.
LOCK NO. 1, GREEN RITEB.
Tho link walls at Lock No. 1, Green River, were raised to level of the
Willis 111' the (ipiuT l);iy, and the gnmnd.s on the land side of tlie lock
j;iinicii iinri ]i:ivcd tViim the liK'k wall to near the high-water line. For
yi-iiis ilii-M> ■iroiiiuls liiid lit-fii absolutely neglected, and were badly
^'nilii'd iitiil rut ii|i; no sward could be maintained as the drainage was
.-iiijii'ly <iii fill' siufai'C. At a iioint Just above the lock a small run,
iliiiiiii: till' I'aiiiy season. dis(-Iiar;.'('d directly into the upper iippi-oacli,
liiiii;:iii^- in I'lirMi washed froin the hills. Au eartlien drain ha.s been
hiiil under tin- tcrrcpli'in and llirongh it the water from tlie nin now
|i:i->ic> 111 i\ point (if discharge below the lock and where the earth it
Tlie iiiins lit tin- <ild Kiiide walls have been removed and replaced by
ni'\i .-tiiLi-titros <:anied dciwn to rock, which renders it i>08sible to
died;;e tlie aiJiiriiaclies tn their full depth without uuderniiuing the
iKiiik-. and nhike-; the cuts more permanent. It is proposed to l-eplacc
till- old st\Ic ciinil»crsi)iiic wiiu-lics, which are now used for operating
ilic ;:;iie>. willi small caps|;ins iind rack bars, giving more room on the
Halls. The lower miter sill is in such shape that it will have to be re-
paired slioitly. This will iu'<-essitate closing the river for a few days.
LOCK S<K 2, r.RKKN RITEE.
Tlic luck walls here are in such cmidition that it has not been deemed
o\iii-dient toatteuij)! In rcjiatr llicm. The walls wci-c not jiniperlv con-
Ktnieled in llic lir>t ]ilacc. The laud wall was made so thin that it
commenced bulging out iiilo the jiit shortly after it was completed. It
1
2440 T7KPORT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
^a^ (lri'^^^^d off to rclaiii thr noruial AvidUi of the chamber, and even
at'trr llie navigation I'oiiipany acquired eonti-ol of the system the faee
liad to he tlressed off a^aiu. Finally, the earth was excavated Itoni the
rear of t\w wall, and cribs filled with stone built in Ifeliind, to wldeh
the wall was anchored back by tie rods and lace i)lates. It is luider-
eut and leaks badly, while the chamber wall is si^panitwl from the lower
win*? wall by a crack several inches wide at the top and extending tbrni
top to bottom of wall.
The river wall is also badly cracked, and Captain Smallhouse, who
was connected with the improvement of this river for years while the
State had charge of it, and who was afterwards a member of the navi-
jration company, being at one time its president, has told me that the
gackinb was put in dry in the first place without mortar or groat. At
the foot t>f the dam at one time several of the river face stones were
knocked out, and he tells me that a large quantity of loose stones came
out from the interior of the wall.
When the i>it is filled water boils up under the river wall. It wonld
be iinpossible to operate the lock were it not for the fact that about as
nnich water leaks into the chamber through the land and head walls as
goes out umlcr the river wall. The navigation comi)any was unable to
pumi) out the chamber with a 13-inch pump.
1 consider that this lock should be i*ebuilt^ or rather that a new lock
should be built on the river side of the old one, and I would recommend
that the de])th of water on the miter sills be inci-eased to 6 or possibly 7
i\^(^t, so that coal c<an be carried into the first pool and thence into the
Ohio, where the water in that stream is sufficiently high. By buitd|ng
the new lock on the river side of the old one navigation need not be sus-
]>ended. and the length of spill of the dam is gi^eat enough to permit
this ]»ein«r done.
1 he estimate for such a lock is as follows, and it can be built in tme
year if the money is appropriated at one time, to wit:
StoTi«» :
J »ros8od lac*-. 1.362 ciibii* yards, nt $16.55 $22, 511. 10
i^ujiiTv faiM-, 1,718 nihic vani8. at !Til3.75 23,622.50
Jiaikin;:, 4.201 ouhic yards, at fS.TO r S7,S31.T0
0>i>injr. l'r»0 ciiliio yards, at.f20.7.'» 5^187.50
SiMM-ial >t«»m\ IH> cubic yards, at $^X^\ry 1,7901 40
9Q,479L20
Upper and l<»wrr •rates 4, OOOl 00
Coilrrdam and fxravations .^ 12,000.00
OnU\v rrilv^i .' 10^000.00
Iota] 118,473.20
KiiuiiMM-riiii; and miitiiim-nrios 11, 647.SS
Tnial 128^120lS3
or, iiH-ludinir ilu' ri»st ol 'prcpariiig I'oniidation on rock, $130,000.
LOCK NO. 3, GKKEN KIVER. * "
Thi' lork lias been restored with new gates and operating irons, and
the ImihI wall liasheiMi raised to the level of the upper bay. (hiehundretl
and lolly ieet of t lie old dam has been rebuilt from the erest downstream.
and by the end oft lie si^ison it is expected 'that the entii*e dam iKill be
roini»leted tlironiili Xa the abutment sideandin a straight line. The old
dam h:i<l aw arm ]n-o,jeetin^ downstream on the abutment side, it« lower
end bcin«: <'onneeted witli tlie bank by a return parallel to the main
AI'PBNmX J J — HKPOBT OF MAJOR T/)OKWnnD.
dnni. TliJH an-iMiji;t;iuoiit tViriucil )i storage hug t<)r Io(;» tor a siiwtuill.
Init Wiis olliciwipd- vi;iv iilik''li(>iinl>le, aw llio i-russ »pi]l ]m nil iced a
violent .-.l.lv Ih-Iuw tin- l.»k Mlit.-I. Iiiis i'iins.-.i tlio hiiiik loniv.-vrrv
hiuU\. Il is |.r.i|MiM',l I.. )>L,s til.' ri.rkl>.'|..\v III.- il:iii> on lli>*«il»|j-
JlK'liI si.li- I.K.I li>:tK<- III.' wkNt m:,\ Iii-I..\\ fiir ll;ill> il.s I'l.-.- us possilil.-.
Ii..lli.>i.lni>irfsl.i Ihisl.R'U Ij:iv.i h.'un lr...jli!rs.mic. lV..iii 111.' v.-r.v lir.st,
Hiid t.lti- iilil jjiii'l*' orilw Willi sunn- cliiuifci-tf will Iihvc Ui Im- it.!!niilt.
LOOK NO. 4j SBBEN UITIJE.
But little has bc^u doiiu diiriu;; the year buHidt^H sotiio Hiiglit icpHiis
to tlie dHiii. Tlie i>kl {^iiidr cribs iirt- being relniilt,
LOOK NO. 1, BABltKN Rinctt.
Tins lock lias been lest^ired and the lower slo[>e of tlmn rebuilt^
'i'ltis lock was built on a timber Krillago testing on gravel.
A( one lime (lie l.iw.'i end of the river wall was rebuilt and is now
Biippoi led .III jijles. Wlii-ilier the grillage timbers were disturbed ij«xt
to Ilie liiiid Willi at lli^u time, or ^vtiether the anangement had existed
from Ihi' lii.st, (',.111 not be determined; but when tlic lower end of llic^
l»i)d wall had been taken down it was found that six or eight of tlie
Eillage timber^at the downstream end of the lock, instead .>t'cxli'iiii
g across the pit and under the land wall, st'ap[>ed near that wall, ami
the lower end of the land wall restetl on an iiidejiendent grillage of iti»
own, practically, as the eonneiitioiis were only short scarf joints and
wooden pins.
The cnrrent from the discharge valves, emptying the lock, had wafshcd
awiiy the gi;n'cl below Mie lock Avar and undeniitned the short giilhige
tiiiil)ers, eatisiiig the yielding of the wall. In all probability a like cause
protluced the tbnner trouble with the lower end of the river wall.
The dredge boiit turned over to the United States by the navigation
ciuiipaiiv was ail oldliishioiicd ehiiii shell which could do very flood
work ill so(t (liKjriiiK. but «ax of no a(!.>iunit in tearing out tlic wic.-ks
of old cribs, etc.. about the hieks. Slie is being refitted with new nui-
chiiiery of Hi.' (Hpiier patlerii, iiiid when coni|ilcted will be in sha|ie to
do aiiv kiiiil ol(be.lf;iiif: to ln> ii-i|iiin-d of her, as she will be able to
work wilhili|i|ier or elaui shell.
The siiiig boiit ]Vt». I'lijsliDi JHj.011 has done very etltcieiit service dur-
inj; the year, being a good towboiit us well as sung boat. It was found
iieci'jisary to raise her wheel aliout S indies, as it was ordiniirily sub-
nit-rged too luui'li, and this was ilone by putting ca.st-iron lifting pieces
under the jiillow blocks and raising the rear end of the engines to cor-
rwt the lead.
Lieut. Wni. L. Sibert. Cirjis of Kiigineers, has been in local charge of
the work on these rivers f'r.mi tlu' time they came under the control of
the T'niled States, and his work has been very commendable. His re-
]ioit. herewith, gives details ot" the work done during the past fiscal
1
2 1 12 KKPOIJT OF Till-; CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U- 8. ARMY.
J)('iailal yiatnnvnt of expenses incurred in prcncrving and fMiniaining natigaHom OM fA«l
portion of the Crven and Barren rivers, Kentucky, improved (y Jockt and doflif, dnrinf
tht\fisva1 year aiding June SO, 1S91,
Lock Ko*. 1, Green River.
Lock No. 2, Green Biver.
^roiitbs.
Salaries.
Labor ' Current
TotaL
Salaries.
Labor
audiiub>
terial.
Cnrmit
and eon-
tingent
exiienan.
ToteL
ISIH).
Julv !|!TJ1.2<)
Au;:ii8t • .I4:i. 2<)
Sejutinbtr 22.'.. {<0
(htiibrr 219. tK»
NovfiiibtT 2.W. Va)
1
!?l,312.rM ' $76.74
r.. 442. 29 102.30
8.&18.88 i 102.12
4.70:{.47 ! 39.65
4, 421».66 113.10
$1,710.59
5,887.79
9,176.60
4.962.72
4,776.96
4,522.47
228.27
:«)6.24
254.«»
247.30
1,168.97
1,473.50
$196.20
218.20
225.00
219.60
233.60
152.40
220.00
283.00
226.60
220.00
171.00
205.00
$143.06
SSL 96
8.00
&57
tlL64
34.06
34.03
81.50
14.70
l&SB
7.e7
22.66
23.80
20.70
46L77
ia75
664.91
2U.CI
239. <T
24&M
IKHfinbrr ir>2.4()
18t)l.
•
JaiiiiurT 220. GO
4,301.66
08.41
7.67
aLl6
172.84
228.r
Fi'liniaVv ■ 2h;<. iK)
Manli.r : -j-'fiCJO
22.6*
28.29
20. 70
46.77
5.00
5.*ii'
25L00
8.96
311.35
April
:May
J mil:
220. 60
171. IK»
20,'i. Va)
6.00
or. 1.20
1. •>:{!. im
247.15
468.77
T^f 31
T«.lal ....
2, 82;!. V*)
:n.22«>.8i
665.29
34,715.70 1 2,573.00
1
745.43
256.96
3.574.98
^fV.litlis.
I^M'k Xo. 3, Urcen liivcr.
T^ilM)r
Ciirront
nml mil-
tiiiifciit
fXiK*n»»oK.
Lock No. 4, Green BiTer.
Salarir«. ami ma- ^.^itr^l^t' ' 'J*"tal. Salariea.
terial. L.'t''.
Labor
and ma-
terial.
1.S1H).
July
AUliU^t. . .
S'ptomlKT
<K*Io1mt. . .
NuvoiiilM'r
DwciiiIkt. .
$21»2.86 #5.:S70.G6
Jits. 20 .".. o:{f.. 44
]:;o.i;«)
124. <W
i:;s.oo
152.40
I
2. 55;{. 07
t>,6t>4. IG
3. :)M. 08
1,409.13
1S91.
Jauuary
Frhruaiy
Marrli . *
April
^lay
.luiH-
T..t.il . .
22«\ GO
•js ;. I'M)
•J2«"i. r»:i
•J'ji). i\o
171. (HI
1J51.27 !
iU.lM) i
l,»i:5.»H) I
i.ii2,i>6 :
$141.91
150.26 I
46. 13
41.8:1
31.74
75. 51
7.67
22. l»5
;i4.74
2t». 70
«5. 70
40. .'>4
$5,805.43
0, vm. VO
2, 730. 70
9, 830. 59
3,70L42
1,037.04
409. 54
401. 15
:527.«5
1.250.4W
1.48:t.20
$196.20
218.20
225.60
219.60
233.60
152.40
220.00
283.60
226.60
220.60
17L00
330.60
f
$51.88
74.90
33.80
468.82
L20
3.00
8.20
L20
2,380.61
2. r.'.Ht. -jti :: ] . uin. o:{ G7l». :w 34, 289. 27 j 2, 696. 60
3.090.49
Cmrrent
and con>
tingeut
I1L54
12.80
23.16
SLIO
U.70
38^43
7.87
.06
30.70
67.51
138.86
380.74
Total.
|S5ft.8l
261.53
719L92
249.50
17&8S
SI
.2^
357. fi5
312. 56
3S8L51
3.839LI7
8,09&83
L<Kk No. 1. liarrt'ii River.
I
Mouths.
Sjila-
ries.
. Cur.
' ' n-ut
! I.abnr aii<l
! aud ma- i-MUtiu-
tnial. , ;:fnt
oxi»en-
I Hl'8.
I
Total.
18'«0.
Ju 1 \ ■ .*22G. 2"» ;».', G7G. 0.",
A u jiiist !•_'.;. 2i« 4. r.:;2. «»2
S« pt* iiilti r i:;(>. 0(» 4. 2:50. Gj<
t><|iil..r liM.Cn 4, 712.1>!»
Ni.vi'iiiIht 2:!:*.. ti«» 'J, 022. Tm
l)i-.Miiil.rr ■ 1;VJ.40 1,914.49
I '
ISOl. ! '
I
! I
■ I
I I
January 22n. Gn 3. 2G3.G7"
>Vbruary 2<!. •'•<» 1.1 >2. 1 2
"M at «'b . " 22t'. (W» M» I . «).',
Apiil 2*J«». «i«i l.l.'il.ln
Ma> ' 171. 0«» 712. >2
Julie ; 205.GO lu.SI
$8,1. 1 3
«7. 89
43. 93
'2>i. 70
07. frt*
30.59
United States snag boat, Wb. Pnstoa Dixon.
Salaries
aiitl la
bor.
$5, 98.-.. 38
4.72:J. U
4, 4C'.'.. 21
4. W>5. 3!l|
2, 32:1. 7:{
2. 097. 48
Re-
I>airs.
f
7.G7,
2:.. 04 1
:l'.. G.'.'
2:5. 10
«i2. SS
2:1. :«»
$817.55
767. 07.
820.84=
814.49
76:). lOj
698.60
$33.30
3,491.94
1.4W.7G
],<Hi:t.::ii
\m\. 70
2;{9. 8;i
478.31
4(t5. m
422. 25'
.'29. 75
79:j. 8:i
►52. 00
4.90
laoo
167.82
2:«. 12
417.77
61.. 'V8
44.82
Snhaia-
tenoe.
$823.98
207.52
266.09
154.08
18Sull
103.64
2:17.46
107.60
8ap>
Told.
$880.06tl6S.«tl,4MLli
147.10( 134.66 1.257.18
180.88! i 1.S7818I
164.30! 1,122.81
30S.6« LU&8I
I.M. 1,018.71
4. OK
46.70
I&IO
088LS3
.17
17.88
Tot«l.,
... 2. 318. 60 :n), 2:(9. 4S 499. :k> M, iku. Cii 8, 172. IQ 972. Oljl, 486. 5ft3, 814. 71 387.11 13^ ML A
I I I I I I ' '^ ^ ^^
.Mp.1
6i&sa
•R.47
1,68186
1.48aLM
l,3nLB
-. S-'W-rt... ..<
l™
TnUl.
i;Dti«is
1.(4* dt
i.DdUI»r.
R.p.ln.,
Supiillee-
SaUTlH
Rtpftio,
,*"-.
tanm
tsa.80
IMS. 80
3«.U5
S;S
uM.ia
t»I.KI
9,78
as
•^«
*.*H
33. £1
2*6.' M
3M.IM
wo.™
Oi^^a
11. M
UwMibw
'""
an. 80
11.88
3M.n
SSLM
:i7T.T4
303. ST
ll,l(IS.OT
ss
Jafi,..
3.M.St\B,X^.»B
«ira.w
e,i»Lin
K-IW.M
SW.K
»..
3.TBa.«
SUMMARY.
It Wm, PrfHliin Diiip
p ENOwrrRS.
■, Ky., Jane SO, IS91.
.Ml llir work prnjoi'fr;!! iit
o l,fA:-
u,m >
r r<*t nl'fijIiiiK: rut 241 cubic v:ii'.ls of Ht
4lHt I'liliic yiinlM i>f ninKoiiry.
tiradiug anrl paring liimk. — Miivcil 7J^''
yiirilM <if jHiviiix, anil S'ltt linenr Iri'l nl^-J-iii
Hi pairii in gaiile eribs. — llroilf^rrl 'i.2'lT> ml
tiiiii: ri'liiiilt iiiii>i'r]iiiii1<'i'i1>,'l':XJ IVil \mv.
I:i11il .Till. Itm ti:(tt ll>DK. All iTJI'H .siiitk' lir-i
rtil> work«,7(H.
Ilruairt to ahulmenl. — Ciitmlriu'lril rrilj 1 1'
Of itlMitmciil. Tiitiil riibir .viinix in Ibis .vi
Itf/iair' to rfnni. — Muilo clit'Iit ri-[Kiii'-< l<> ii
liii'kiiry liillii- dimt ahin-r iliim dh Iki. kiii<<.
(i-urral trnrk. — C'learpiL iniilrri;i'i\viJi iVoiji
i-.iiistnn-lp>l wiilka tr> b)ck-kc(-|H-is' rl«,.lliii;
Mr. George H. Brsitt wum in ].ji;il i Iinri-c' :
il year luilin^' .lunr. 30, 1891, lias been
tn -Nine iiri^lil :is ii|.iicr nn.l wUh-m-d
1.-; [^ild r,(] cubic yiuds of concrtt'e and
ril.ic y.iTiiM of ciirtb ; laiil l,43ri s^unre
I. i.rcpni-
iiila-
ixlpu'iing (lovmntream winji"
ul pliicpil mt cubic ynnls of
■til Government property nml
24 14 KKPOKT or TIIK CniEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
LOCK NO. 2, GREEN RIVEK.
No work projectiMliox<'«»pt dredging entrances.
l)r('(l;^<-tl 10,0(M) rnl)ic >':ir<lH of material from upper and lower entrances to lock;
\\ hccltMl back r>,(HH) vnh'iv. yiirds of tin's luateriul to prevent its sliding into eutnuK-es
a<;:iiii.
LOCK AND DAM NO. 3, GREEN RIVER.
Jfepairs 1o locl'.-^Comylt^ioA rebuilding river wall of lock and placed three connes
of Htone on that ]>oi'tion of land wall htdow upper gate recess. Cut 454 cubic yardH
of stone and laid 3,152 cubic yards of masohry. Constructed and bung four lock
gat<fA; placed inm bollow <pioinH in land wall of lock; built new miter wulU and
])laced new npjier and lower miter sills in lock. Removed stone and rubbish from
bank bc1(»w lock; dredged ]>it and eutrunccs and opened lock to navigation Xuvcu-
ber 10, 1W>0.
Jiepah'ti to dam. — Kebuilt a 1 lO-foot section of lower slope of dam and a 30-foot sec-
tion of n])])er h1o]m.s constructed a stone and dirt cofferdam around another 140-foot
section and comnien(red to rebuild tlie lower slope of this section. Commenced to
grade bank and sj^lit up !^X> cubic yards of paving stone.
Mr. J. C. Thomas was in local cliarge at tliis lock.
LOCK AND DAM NO. 4, GREEN RIVER.
ConHtructod a stone and dirt cofft^rdnni and placed now sheathing on an 80-foot
section of dam.
!.()( K AND DAM NO. 1, BARKEN RIVER.
All work i)roJccted for tins lock and dam has been completed, except paving bank.
It was tlioiitflit best not to ])avc bank until new fill behind laiul wall of luck had
settled.
Iicpairft in lock. — (.-onstructed a colferdum running from lower end of river wall
dia»;onally to shore. I'uniped out lock pit; removed remainder of that portion of
tlirouj^li a water-bearing sand and gravel, and sawed off 2 feet below bottom of lock
wall, .^flatcrial around heads of |»iles was removed to a depth of 3 feet and concrete,
well rannned, insert«Ml instead. The whole s]»acc was infested with S]iring8. The
piles were capped with I'J-inch by 12-inch timber, and a platform of 12-inch by 12-
iuch tinihcr laid on top. On this platform the lower eua of lock wall was reliuilt.
('ut VX) cubic yards of stone; laid HI cubic yards of concrete, and 1^575 <aibic yard*
of IIIMSOUIV.
A (lin«rcrous li-jik existed under the river wall of lock, out of wbieb the water
ruslud NN lieu tlic )»it was full. \o vi-uu'dy trould be a]>)died to what was ahi-ady
dour, so the water was siui]»ly sto]»ped from running under this wall and iloin;: fur-
ther dauiajre. 'I'lu^ ijottoui of lock was water-tight. excc])t at this place, and That
is IkIow the dam. A leak, however, came from under miter wall at bead of lock.
Tile pit was slieatlu'd with !>-iuch oak. siz«'d. outgauged, and calked. The sheathing
did not exti'iul to upper cud of pit by 2 feet, and the up])er end of sheathing wa.t
spiked (h»wu on oakuui. s(t th:it head leak wonld rise on floor and not get under.
The i-otlcrdaui around this h':ik on outside of wall having been strongly built was
left, thus nlieviug tloor from an under pressure from out^jide. 'Hie leak .seems io he
sto]ipcd i-nlirely. Sheet i»iling was driven .'icross lower end of lock ]»it and arouud
lowrr end tii' new foundation for loi'k wall. Large stone were ]daced below ihi^
slu'ci jdliuL^ to prevent scour from wii-kcts.
N<'W upper and lower miter sills were ]daced in lock. One lower lock gat«^ coii-
Ptructed and hnnir. This lock was opi'ued to navigation on the 2(ith dav <»f August.
\H\){).
Iirjn(\i'fi to tlarn. — l»el»uilt entiri'ly. IKS linear U't'i of the lower slope of dam: bnilt
new head gate for mill ra<'e.
I.rnh front tipprv pool to ttun'r. fuithr hhtff'. — Constructed a crib 40 feet long. Ifi ft»«'t
wide, and a foot higher than crest of dam, running ])arallel with the dam and 20 fi-ef
above it, fur the purjjose of Indding broken stoin* and clay pbwed along bank ttistop
leak. IIeretoft)re anything placed along bank was washed away on account of draw
to mill lace.
ntliiuj t'Xraration hrhhitl land wall of lock. — Ten thousand cubic yards of gravel ami
broken stone were used in filling this excavation. As the lock'wall was built up,
APPENDIX J J — KEPORT OP MAJOR LOCKWOOU. 244o
Mw bohiuil it wua filled with broken stone to a beJKlit uf 10 fuot, LbuB fofmiug
ihrt to itNuIo erihi. — Two guiite oribs above, eaoh 150 fuet luuK, anil two below,
Tt ieet long and one 325 feet long, were fonHtniclod. PileM >v«ru itriven tn snp-
iv«r edge »r lower laud.crib. All rrilm eiuno boigbt m lock walls. TotiU
sr of tnlilc jmcIh in tbe four uribs, »,0S3.
B. O. Lonnoad wM in local chAtge of this lock.
ilrrdgn biw bnnn oinplayod dnidRiiig Icwk nntranii«, iirciiurintc foiuiiUtJona for
III luyinjc tbo tjnibi-r iu oribs at No. 1, (ircMiu Qi^ur, uiid iu drod^iii); malnriftl
Ing nxcuvntiuu bnbiiid land wnll at Mo. 1, Brureu Uivur. The pliicitig uf now
imry ou dredgo is now »buul t'uiuplutvd.
UNITKI) STATEe HNAO HUAT WM. PkESTON I>IEOI>,
k doit«. — Removnd 1,03a snngs from cbuinel of rivur; out )59 trnus uud deod-
MR; iBunched and roJHnd liiwnr gntes ut No. 3 (ireeu Itiver; riiiecd TTbltnd
dnulgn ITabath. Towi-d fnim Orosa ChntcB to No. 3, Oreen Kivnr, 360 onbto
riprii)) st<iiio, Townd fi^m Snowbird Point to No. 1, Burren. 200 riibio ynhls
1 Blont; from Wriithtabur^ t*) Su. 1. Green, 800 eubie ysribi aawdnut; ilredgn
rows from No. 1, liiwrren.to No. 3, (Ireuu; ilorriek boat from No. I. Burmn,to
()rti>n; ilredgv und afows from No. 2 to No, 3, Ureeu; derrick boat from No. 1,
, to No. 3, (Jreuu; drMlge ffoni No. 1, Ureen. to No. 3. Cireen; barge from No, 1,
:i, to KvnnHville. lud., and retnni to no, 3, Oru(<n, with drcilge mnchlEiery ; dor<
oat from No, 3, Green, to No. t, Gni^n.
W. ». Overatreet is master of tbis bout.
GENKKAl. WOttK.
■J. Mm o,o>«
7«! I 14, 75a
24:4() iim*OHT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IT. 8. i
Lint 11/ boalaplgiHg o» GreanaKiI Arm Hi
E,;pJ.,;=
al. ChUHtor.
u.^.
Bnaltt.
B^tk-
I^
is
r
M
,S
1'
at
s
s
s
1.
JW.
r
si
n
s
1
a,
u
i
1
iii
"I'l^™ BMgboii:."
£
It
:;:;iri»ii lIiMii^'U I.orks Ni)!i. 2 iini) 4, Gi«en Rivw, wu raapeoJ
N;ivi^'{iii<m wan fiisjiciKltfcl I'ur rupnira 57 d»yi at No. 1, 1
I Nu. l,i;i>->-u Uivur, uiuUCSduyautXo. SyUiwnBiw.
J J 3.
IMPROVEMKXT OF ROUGH RIVBB, KKNTUCKT.
■nii.l haibor ii.t of Sfiitoiiibcrl9,1890,<
[.'Kir-li Itiii-r. Ki'tiiiK'k.v. ^r.''>.•>(W>, to lie expended in itnMml^thBW
oiiiiiLiiii'ihi: ilK'ri'iisiriK'ii'Xiof 11 Itirk and dam, «Bd niMiTlac obrtn
\i'i ti'Miii ii. iiiiiiitli III Ihii'triivil. Ky., ou tlw loaat expeaMr* vKOmt
I'.v iMpt. .i:iiii('» V. I'usi, (iiivsHf EiiipiMcn, in Ub npdrt MT Amu
APl'IiNDlX J J — HEPOET Oi' MAJOR LOCKWOOD. ^447
e work baviug beeo asHigiied to my charge by Dupartuiunt. li:tt«r
i Septemliei- 20, 1890, a projoct for tlic expciiditiiifj uf tli« mtiirw-
itioQ was submitted under date of October 14, 181«), Tbo pi-oject
■ ae. follows:
[St. To defluit«ly locate the sitJA of the Iwk proiKxted, and purvhiutt:
JiAve i!Oiid<faiiie<l the laud nwded about tliP lock and abntuioul,
«)iid. Cleur the river obstriii-liiiiis, t" wit: Ovi-iliiiii;r'>iK ti'i-cs mi
the banks, aud sntlgs, Iog», mid stmiip-i in thr linl ..r llic riMT. Tliv
OAtfttiatu fill- this wa^ $300 jht inili'. or :^!i.Oll(l Thi iIk- :il< miles hchvci-ti
the month iif the river and Ihirtt'onl. it isi.h(>ii<;hl Ihattlic Imid ni'citcd
nboiit tlie look and abutment can be pnrtrliasod for fmm t:w to ?40 per
acw,
The above projwt was approved by the honoi-able Seuretuiy of War
under dat^' of October 27, ISWI.
Itouah Kiver is a crooked stream varying in width from 80 to 173
feet Its banks are heavily timbered and in many places an oi-dinary
type of river »t*-amer would be stopped by overlianging treea. I have
b«en over tlie lower pool, 8 miles^ formed by backwatoj from Dam No.
S, Grewii River, and while there is a fivir navigable depth up to the Kite
of the old lock, tlie channel is much obstructed by snags, fallen trees,
lUli] saw lofjs thnt have sank. The latter are so numerous that the find-
ing and luisinjf of them uow constitutes a vagrant sort of industry
Mmun;: :i rrrtiiin i-jiis.s of raftsmen.
Sliorllv 11 II IT tlir war a company built a timber and stone lock, with
dam :inil iiliniiu.iit. about 8 miles from the mouth of the river, and
Bt<*iinil'o:ils tVoiii 1 HI lo rj.) IW't lung ran up the river as far as Hart-
ford uiilii rhr (Irci'ii ;iiiii IJiinoii lliverimprovemenis were leased to the
Grci-ii ;iimI I'.ntrnt Itivrr Niivijrntioii Company by the State of Ken-
tucky. It i< cliUTiiril lliiit llir >'M'(-.ssive tolls charged by the navigation
eompaiij' cflettiuilly killed the commerce of Rough River, and the lock
and dam were abandoned. The dam was only 00 feet long, and shortly
atl<'rward the river went around the ahntuient. Eventually the dam
wan t'TJi I'lit. so th;it now nodiiiig hut the ruins of the old lock remain.
Tlii- si(.> ..ftlii' oil! lock anil (hiiii is uiisiiited for a new structure on
:«-c..nntortlicwaslimit;inil tlif iii'ccssity of removing the old ruins, and
on Mils ntctntnt a locatimi lor tin' in-ojiosed now lock and dam has !>een
s4-lcctiMl a short (iistaniv Im4ow and tlie lock placed on the left bank of
the livri-; by lliis comx- ii «ill In' unnecessary to remove the old lock,
;is, lii'in^ nil llic abiilini'iit hide of the river, it will not be in the way
of bonis ^oiiig up or 'linvn ilirnun]| tlie, new lock. The top can be eiit
down so MS not Ici iiilrrfere willi rafts when the water is high einni^ih
lor tliein toiuni). the dam.
vf had in ma.sonrv work and dam building on the
.-ers leads me to i'onchide that tlie esliniatcs in
t. n-lerred to in the aet of aj>pi'o|>i'iatioii, are
lesidfs, the lock proposed would hardly be up to
fits.
as the following dimensions, to wit:
;■■/. ill. • Ft. .■«.
191 fi (iiiiiril ..f lock ■ 8
iiniiis.. Il.-i !l ; U.-iitli of watiT OIL L.iver uiiter
Creet
(Japt;
en) in
1 and 1
lin I'll
■ly tiHi
.st's r
low. a
INv
Tin
■, propii
ised 111
'ck In.
J-ilt •■ ■ Drill ii ..(■ «al.T <m ii].!"'!
Hoight of ilaiii 15 (i | Bill
2448 KEPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGUNEEKS, U. 8. AAMT.
The estimate of its cost is as follows :
Stone-
Dressed face, 764 cubic yards, at $15.95 $12, 185. 80
Quarry face, 655 cubic yards, at $13.15 8, 613. 25
Backing, 2,228 cubic yards, at $8.10 18,046.80
Coping, 323 cubic yards, at $20.15 4,674.80
Special, 46 cubic yards, at $18. 05 830. 30
Total stono for lock '. 44,350.iKv
Upper and lower gates 3, 000. 00
Cofferdam and excavation 5, 000. 00
Dam complete 20, 000. 00
Abutment 4, 000. 00
Guide walls 8,000.00
Two lock bouses, $1,600 each 3,200.00
Total ^ 87,550.«>
Engineering and contingencies 8, 755. 10
96,306.05
To this should be added the cost of the land 250. 00
Total for lock and dam 96,556.05
111 Captain Post's estimate the alnitmeiit was to be of woo<l. It is
not considered advisable that it should be so constnicted, as it would
require renewal about every 10 years, and the depth to rock being only
() feet below pool level, a stone abutment can be constructed with little
trouble and at a comparatively small cost.
A working i)arty is now engaged in deadening trees on the banks
and in removing snags, logs, etc., from the river. The trees deadened
this year can be cut dovm next year and will then float off when cut
up.
So far l,9r)9 trees have be^ii deadened, 91 tree tops cut up, and 290
h)gs cut up in the lower 2J miles of the river.
Tlie amount of money that will be rexpiired to comx)lete the projeirt,
that is, to clear out the channel, clear off the banks, and build the lock,
is as follows :
( 'o8t of lock and dam, etc., complete $96, 556. 05
Cli'arin^ banks and channel 80 miles at $.'J(X) 9,000.00
Total 1(«,55«.05
Less Minoiint already ai>]»ropriatod 25,000.00
IJalance rt'.(juirr,d to com])h'to project 80,556.05
Amount n]>|)ioj)riat('d by ml ai>[H'ov<'d SrpirmbfV !!♦, ISiK) $25, (KMKU)
•Juntr 'M), 18!M, amount «'X]K'iid»Ml duiin<i: liscal year 7(ii<.r4
.July 1, ISJM, balaiKM' nncxiM'mlrd 24, 291.-l«
•Inly 1, l^<91, oulstandin;,^ Ji:i]»ilitios 552. Kt
.Inly 1, IS'Jl, l)alanr«^ availiildc 23,738.62
f Amonnt (••stimntrd) iciinirrd Ibr comjdi'tion of existing project 80,55t».(rt
j Anu)nnt that can 1 M'])iolit a i>lyf!X[M'ndrd in liscal year «uuling.lune 30, 1893 80, 55(>.0r)
] Snhmiltcd in complianr*' with rcqnircmcnts of Bcctions 2 of river and
I harlior acts of iHJi; and 1^5(17.
ro.MMI.KriAL STA'IIMK s KUL MSC.M. YTAK KNIUNd .FUNR 30, 1891, ROUGH KIVKIU
KINTICKY.
Torn*.
Lo}rn Wi,iril
Lumber »,000
BnaaOi'.'..
I>Bplll....
APPENDIX J J — KEPORT OF MAJOB LOCKWOOD.
iiil of boaltplyitig on Bough Ritw, ftnliicitgi.
J J 4.
DIFHOVEMENT OF KENTUCKY EIVER, KENTCCKT.
The Kenhioky Ktver in a tributary of the Ohio, aud empties into it at
CarroUtoii, Ky., about midway between Oinciiiniiti, Ohio, and Louis-
ville, Ky.
The present project tor the improvement of the river was adopted in
1879, the object being to repair the five locks and dams built by the
State of Kentucky, and extend slac.kwater navigation for a draft of
6 feet, by the construction of additional locki^ and dams to Beattyville,
a distance of 261 miles from the mouth of the river.
WORK DONE DUKING THE YEAB.
Jjoek No. 6. — The site of this lock is located 32 miles above Frankfort,
Ky^ on the right bunk of the river.
The cofferdam inclosing the site is completed and the necessary exca-
vation to rock inside has been made. The work has so far advancM
that the laying of the fonndation can be commenced now within a short
time. Tlie abutment for the dam is completed, and the contracts for
timber t^i c^mstmct the dam let.
Beattuville. — Under date of February 25, 1891, work on tliis lock was
snspendcd by order of the Chief of Engineers, U. 8. Army, and instruc-
tions given to continue the old diiiii across t^i the Proctor bank, in order
to give sljickwater navigiitiim during the low-water seai^on up to tlie
junction of the Middle iiud Xnrth t()rks of the Kentucky Iltver, the
nearest point on the Kciituiky Union Railway to Beattyville. This
work is now in progixiss and will be completed during the present season.
For details concerning the work at Lock No. li, and at Beattyville,
attention is invited te the report of Assistant Engineer li. S. Burnett,
herewith.
Money gf atenicnt.
fcl Septoiiilii-r 19, isyo..
.Fill; I, 1S91, otltatiiniliu;; liiil.ilitios.
Jnly 1, 1S91, ba1anc<i.nviiiliil
rAmoiiTit(>'>>timut<<il)iv<inir<'<l Hire jilcrioii ..f .'xUtiiiR |iTi>.i<^a 1,674,000.00
IAmoiiiil tliiitcuii Lh! iii'ilit^ilily v\|i»mluil in Jitcul year viidiiiK Jniio
30, 1«« 500,000.00
SiibmittFil in rnnipliaiiii' n-illi ruriiiiromvnts of Kecttuua 2 of nvcTluiil
harbor acta of 1B«6 and ISGT.
sua 91 154
'J 150 KKPouT or Till-: chikk of engineeks, u. s. army.
Ah.^trmt f»/' hills nuirrd and njwnul June. /, ISfilj hy Maj. D. JV. Lorkwood, Corp* nf
I-'iiliiimr.", j'ltr improrunj Kenturky liivcrf KcnUtcX'y, at ZorJt Xo, 6,
No.
rnitliin.l
' i'tUU lit.
l.iH.n»
i « -I
ii;itural I
«'iiiu-nt, !
I h.irnls, 1^ ^„^ I,
I ;
1 '. J. r.. Sp. .-.l .V Co., T...ui.s\ill.\ Ky...; i ^*- ^^ ! ^j ^^
Total.
RemarkB.
2 T. r>. Si<i','«l \ Co., Lonisvillo, Ky -■■! s
S.70
1.01
1.94
:; (HMv \ •"lunli, Fr.nikt'.ur, Kv ' 1.94 11,(U0.00
4 rii» r.ih ki'Vi- r«>rtl;iii(l I'tinnii (\i., I o. :•<) ' 3,500.00
r.iili-liiiit.iiTii-. Oiiiii. j
'"'' l-.rskiiio W. li^li. r. Nrw VorkCitv. J -'""^ i r:.-/] ,-;'??JM5
I 1, i4 I 10. 440. 00
« .l.i-j. F. Mt Cr.ulv. 11. CiiK inii.iti. Oliii). l!. W» • ' o.«kH».(.H)
$4. 100. (K) ) In i»ccont:iiiro with terms
7. 200. 00 I > of epecitical ion*.
j f With the pniviso that
the OGment ih tti W- in<
3.TlX).00 BpeotfHl at L«wi.-«vinA
6,000.00 1 and cost of iii!»iN'i'tioii
I>aid by the Luitttl
States.
Tbo bids of Krskiiir W. Ti-ilnr for Portlaml ceiuont. and J. B. Spcoil & Co. fur
^ViiKTican iiaiural iriiimt, at ?rl.<>l imt barri'l, wore accepted.
Rr.roKT OF mi:, i:. s. bi:iixktt. assistant engineer.
United States Engineer Offics,
SaMaa, Ky,, July 1, 1891.
Ma tor: I r«\^po<"tfiilly .<»nl>mit the followiug report on the improyement of the Ken-
tucky liiv«T, Kontncky, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891:
LOCK NO. 6.
Early in May horiiiEjs wore made on the linos of proposed cofferdam to determine
tlio dj'pth thrniiu:h tho bod oftho rivor to solid rock; this was found to bo at an aver-
aLT'"' drptll of lt> foi't.
I'nur liari^rs wvvv t.nn>trii«.tod by liin'd labor and purohaso of material by circular
btirr. Two of tbi "ii- b:iri;«'s worr ron.'^Trmtoil r» by 18 by 100 feet, to be used in hand-
Im:: matorial ii»'i«"<< iry for the otnistriifiion of Look No. 6; the other two were con-
stnicittl ."> by lM by s.^ t'ctt, tt» he usod at IJrattyville in handling material for that
)o( k. A> thi< I<i«lv was abaiidouod. tho barLj«'s havo. boon iKsod at Look No. 6 to great
a«h aiit:ii:«'. Ibf baviro.s woro oonstructfd luit of wliito pine.
A n.'w hull L'l by ♦; by ♦!.'» tV'ot wa.s oonstnutod out of long-leaf yellow pine for the
• ibl dii <!::«' li'iinl. Tliis (ln-d;;o had boon transtorrod from tho Louisville and Port-
bind ( aisal M'Ni'i':)] y«ars a;:o; at tho tinio it had boon oondomned. The hull was IS
yr. ns t»!(l :j!,.i t !:i iirly intti'U. Tin* obi niarhinory was ronioved and setup in the
now Iiii'l. a b'i:s.- was ]»nilr over ina<'hiuory, and the entire dredge painted. When
tbis Nv-iilx b id Itr.Ti io^!i]»b trd. tho lattor ])art of May, the «lredge was sent to L«H'k
No. »i ;n ) \iM\;it>' for foijTi(bn b>n tor look walls.
'rii>- diMK n-^i Mj -Jtni;!' staokod by the ooutraotors immediately behind the si to for
;bt Ixlv was in il inLi:«'r of slip]dii;x into tho river when the excavation was maib-
i.'i iIm' foimdati'in of tho land wall, and as tho stone had not been Mystematioally
•i-i».iraii d. wbitli \\f»nbl cause ijrrat tlelay in sotting, it was moved on land above
r'-iV'T'laiM and ri — iatl.ril.
A railr<>ad ;i:ii" :\ i''\ ♦> inclu^^ i;au:x<' ^vas built leading to tbe several 8t<ick8 of
.■>toM> .ml t" r';.- !n ai] ot* t !i»- colVi-nbini.
L\.' i\ a*:; ':,' i»'i r':. f..'n'il it i.iii oftb«* in>ido wall has been increased a large amount
by til'- v,;ip-."'.-, <■] ;^-.- fi:in!v d::iinL: rise in tbr riviT June 21, 1891. The genoral e\-
' iNitii'ix w;i;k ■ i*- b> -n i II I. i^.il .jbiint in per oi'ut. by deposit and slipping sidos
oi" ;lii- r\\\-- !'i iiii' liy di. dji -« diii ini; tin- smn** riso.
ri:i- fnlj..\\ j;:.; !in-I«ii'»j'« Ai].- roii^t niiti'd by hirrd labor and purchase of material
in ojMMi marUt i. M|., iii:!m-. on-- oi-nimt >!ird, one tool house, one car]»ent4*r hiuiM*,
on*' bl;ii'lv'-iri:;b <biijt. two water cb»si-ts.
AV«u k \\ a-^ lonnn- n» * d at tbi.s bx-k May 11, 1891. The following is a detailed state-
ment of work duiic;
APPENDIX J J' — REPORT OF MAJOR LOCKWOOD.
DiOTB206ptleBtoanavoraK<>deptJiori4fe^;,i'pikp<l its wailing to piloB 2,254 line&r
fc«t & by 13 oHk ; ooDBtructeu 1,127 linear fw't of rollerdum.
Backina oo^crifant.— I'loced aa ba<)kinc 11,191 cabio yards of olay, jcrSTel, and
Muth', uiiSTuaubioyutdaorbard-wocid brash fascines; placedSshorosS bj 13 by 18
from nppin insidn face of cofferdam to piles 16 feet below as inside bracing to np-
Dimtnmon ef a>fferiAtn. — Upper retnm wing, 162 feet; lower retniD winE, 140
fiwt; river face, 3S7 feet; avere^ee height above pool watw, 7 feet. Conttruction of
oofferdam completed June 16, 1891.
Puatpiaf. — Built platform 16 by 2i feet ioside cofferdam for 8 and 12 inch pninn*:
boilt platform on eofferdam 14 by 24 feet for engine; bnilt platfomi iaside c
" n fnrengii ...... . ~. . , ._ . . ,
Piuopeil
Brake shaft of pumping engint
Enmping with I2-ini-h pnmp Ji ^_
oflcrdam flnodtd by S-foot due in river June 23 nnd 24. Snag boat Kenlvcky ci
menced pumping second time June 26, 8 o'clock p. m. Pump broke June 36, iv
o'clock a. m. Repnmping June ^6, nith 8-ineli puitip that had been stopped for
■ ■ ' "■-..- . ■ . ,. . 28,* o'cloi'k p. m.
irage depth of excavating
wnl], 16 feet; lower miter
waU, 10 feet. The mntiTiai excavated for ontsiiln wall is bard gravel; head miter
wall nne.half gravi;!, one-half nand and earth ; inaide wall three-Toiirtlis earth, one-
fonrth *anci, gravel, and rock; lower miter wall hard gravel, sand, and rock.
Malfriai remorrd. — Bemoved by dredges 26,360 yards of material, by whoetbarrows
8,802 cubic yards, nnd by derrick, boat, and damp buckets, 340 cnbio yards.
ABvrmoTT.
BxcjiVBting commenced May 16, 1891. Average depth of eat to solid rock for river
wing, 48 feet; return wing, 63 feet; width of cut at top, 70 feet; at bottom, 16 feet.
l.eiig;lh of river wing, 45 feet; return wing, 45 feet. LenRth of masonry, river face, 40
f«t ; width at bottom. 12 feet. Length of retnm wing, 40 feet jwidth at bottom 13 feet.
Tbo foandation of theriverface u solid rock, averaging 6 inches below pool water.
Return wing into the bank first 10 feet level of pool water; second 10 f(.«t 3 feet
almvfl pool water; third 10 feet 4 feet above pool water; fourth 10 foet 9 feet above
|Kial water.
Mjuii&ry coiuplnleil on river face 6iacbos above the top of lock walls; return wing
21 inches above h<'ight of lock walls.
Work done. — Rcmiivtil in escivatiOK for abutment 9,36.'! cnbic yards of clay, earth,
■and, and loose rock; 4.830 gHlloiiH of wiitcr.
SMoring tidtf of mL—VhirtHl J wlioria 8 by 10 feet; 2 shores 12 by 20 feet; 4 Hhores
12 by 16 feet; 4 braces 35 fret; 4 braces 24 feet; and 2 braces 14 feet in length in cut
to prevent bank from caving.
DimemioB ilORi <
Cnbic yarflB.
Cobloftet.
283
173
2452 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Handled 795 cubic yards of rough stone in selecting stone for cnttinff.
RehanHling stone for lock. — Removed on cars, assorted and restacked, 2,997 cable
yards of cut stone.
DREDGING FOB DAM.
Excavating and opening a channel through bar immcdiatoly opposite and belnw
cnftVrdam for the purpose of drawing water off and changing tne current of the
river from the coiiVrdani.
Removed 3,470 cubic yards of sand, gravel, and bowlders.
RAILROAD TRACK.
Constructed trestle for railroad track from upper quarry to head of cofferdam 100
feet long, 14 feet wide, and 8 feet high.
Constructed trestle from cement shed to river derrick 27 feet long, ^ feet wide,
and 6 feet high. Built trestle in old quarry 65 feet long, 6 feet wide, and 14 feet
high.
Track. — Laid and ballasted, 2,413 linear feet of double track and switches. Used
1,655 cross-ties 6 feet long, 24 switch- ties 18 feet long, and 873 cable yards of broken
stone as ballast.
Tore up old track, relaid and reballastcd 1,300 linear feet of single track. Excavated
299 cubic yards of earth for track.
CARPENTER WORK.
«
Dressed and framed material and constnicted the following buildings: 1 office,!
blackKmith shop, 1 tool house, 1 cement house, 1 cement shed, 1 carpenter shed, and
2 water-closets.
Framiufj iravtUr timbers. — Made and mortised 208 posts, 8 by 8 by 16; 199 braces, 3
bv 4 bv 1*6; 77 cai»s, 5 bv 12 by 9; 60 sills, 8 by 8 by 9; 66 posts, 8 by 8 by 18; 8 caps,
5 bv 12 ]»v 18; 122 rauge sticks for track, 8 by 8 by 20; 42 caps, 5 by 12 by 6; 21 caps,
5 by 12 by 16; and 5 sills, 8 l»y 8 by 16.
General carpenter work. — Made 2 workbenches; 2 floats, 4 by 60 feet; 8 cavils; 2
chocks for derrick boat ; 2 tool boxes, 4 by 4 by 8 feet ; placed 3 windows in tool
house, and 2 windows in blacksmith shop; made spud for dredge Ward, 26 feet long,
11^ by 11^ inches, and placed same in position; made 2 small derricks and placed
same on barge; ]uit handles in TtO picks, 18 adzes, 20 hammers, and 16 mattocks;
made 5 booms, 3 masts, 2 stitf Ir^s. and 1 mast seat for derricks; made 4 stone car
frames; 4 car brakes; 1 desk. 2 tables; 3 hoisting trays (for unloading cement); 6
push poles; 1 box 5 by 10 by 15 fe«*t for mixing cement; 10 wheelbarrow handk<!s; 4
screen doors; 1 stone and concrete rammers; 5 screen frames for office win«IowB; 1
^rindhtone frame; reliandling tools; setting up pumps; making boxing for cover-
in;; imnij) bellin;;
/>rn/rA.'*. — K*aise«l, li^^^eil, an<i ]»1mc<mI in ])osition 10 derricks on lock side i»f river
and 2 deirieks on tlie abiitiiient side; removed 2 stilf legs, 2 masts, and 2 booms t'roiii
lower eml of lower <piany into river and f!oat(*d them to up|)er quarry, hoisted in
]M>sit ion in (inarry fi>r haiidlin«; sT«»ne lor abutment ; erected an(l rigged derrick ini riviT
i>ank near lower einl nf np])er (|iiarry lor handling stone; dismantled and lowend
derrick in lower •piarry and removed same to rivtjr bank, and reset it for handling
diinensinn sinne for abutnient and lock; removed 100 cubic yards of waste stime in
Netting up dirrick.-.; moved liorse-i>ower and engines and resetting same for working:
«ierricks; ti^lileniui:, ovcili.iuling. and ])utting up guy lines; splicing wire, fall, and
j;uy lin«'s; oiling ;^niy lines; nu>ved and reset 4 derricks; placed in position 11 hor««'-
pnwers; j>laceil an<I an«]inred IS still* legs to derricks; used 85 cubic yards of riprap
stone in weiglitin*:: htitllegh down.
Overhauled and set up oneS-inch pump and engine. Kemovcd 12-ineh pump from
snagboat Kintinln/ an<l set sarni'on platform inside of cofferdam, repairing and over-
hauling same;; removed lO-iiurh ))i]m))and ]nimping engine to platform on cotfenlani.
overhauled and set up hame; reniove«l 2() cubic yards of earth in excavating f<»r
foundation for boiler set on river ]»ank for running" 10-inch pump; built fire box fur
saiuer>by:{ feet; placed boiler in position ; n^movingengines, boilers, and pumps dur-
inir risi' in river, and reset, same when river fell; rej>air«d and reH<»t shaft of 8-im'h
puuipiiiLC en.i,nne; built frame for shafting td' 10-iueh pump, 24 feet high; built frame
for [>unip to bt^t on.
GKNKHAL WOKK.
('leaning and grubbing brush from Oovernmont land for constructing buildings;
building Ibundatiops fur buWWng^*, i<^mu\\w^ maiterials from barges to storohouMi;
: J J — ^BEFO&T OF lUJOR LOCKWOOD. 2453 '
wnrkiiiKlinnw-iHiWBFi) aud eiiginM hAii(11in)(>iton«»u(lothPT matcriaU; linntingwilh
IIdm ilriTiip «i«WH iii](l lmrj;e« after tlioy wnri? iiuliiiHltMl 1« lireiljius ili{:Kliic ditch
aTOiuid 1jiilliliti|j;« aii<1 boliinil ''<ifl'pnl;iiii fur iiurpuAH ut ilr»liiag«j built 2 ntone
forges in blnckmuJth ship ^ »liarp(iiiiiig, wra^piiig bntts, mid t>u(tiDK hIioub (iron) on
Sites; set up hoisting eoKUie on abutment sme of Tiv«r. and plaoud £ Lorse-pownra
I pnsltiuD for working ilHTrick j excuvnted 6 cubic yanla of epawls in lower quury
for setting eiij^inei removM 210 linom feet of piling ftom top of bank to rivet; bor-
ing lioliw in and eaRnvfttincE around 3 large stumps in Bide of roOerilitni; clurgin);
holes with dpioniite and blasting out stimipB; bonted IffO bnshelB of roal iroin
Mnndy Landing to Look No. 6. Laid T3B linoiu fset of 2 by 12 iooli pluuk f»r
wtioelbumiw runH- loaded on bnrge^ 1,704 rnbio vnrds of cl»y and earth at sito of
abntment.removndaornM the river und placed brliind enffordamaa banking; lundcd
barges at Kmnkfort witli Inmlier and luatorinl, towed to Lock No. 6, and unluadud
Mune ; snng bout, diedgn JVUlie, and diver rtinovoil one Inxgo oak log 8 feet tliiok at
butt, GO feet long, lying ncroas water line of mfiorduni. Cut 18,676 cubic vards of
brusii. bundled iiiiiie ioUt fuaoines 3 by 13 fi<et witb wire, lK>at«d to coflBrflam and
placed tliem In punitiun lis backing; unloaded 160 eubie yards of e-artli from bargo
below Goflerdam, Uemuved &om barges niid jduied in cement sited 1,310 barrels of
cement. Cleaning and uverhnnling engines; tepuiriug engines; wbitowashlog
bnildingt; pumping barges and pile driver; handling baigas and seows; carryiug
water; unloaded in river l>elow coOtuttsm 13,000 cubic yards of excavated matwial;
tarkiuK Btono; exeavated
.__..__ ._ _...._„ .1 lock and forty; niadfi 3
culverts in roadway; removed 35 cubic yards of eurtb ii ■■ - ■
penter shop ; removed 90 cubic yarda of sand
of pumps; removed 05 cubic yards of earth ii
wer end of cofferdam ; cat down 3 Inr^-
; hoisted freight from barges to toiil 1i< - ■" Imshels of coal o
bargtifl and coaled engines and dredges; icn <i ijiiurry four timiui
for oandllng stone; removed luml>er and oihr:-.. i: i irin'h of high wntor:
linlst«d 240TiatrelH of cement &om river bonk !•> -\v> ■■!. a n.-tii Hido; boistiul and
loaded 783 cubic yards of stone on barges, truuxport.-d jutons rlvnr and uuloadtMl
■BUM for ths abntment; loailnd67 cnbio yards of i^awIb and 76 cnbic yards of riprap
stono on barges, transported and nnlonded siuno for abutment ; srrccined BM barrels
of sand for making mortar; removed on cars Irom nppnr quarry eVeubioyordsaf cut
slono; hoifit«d und i)lace<l on river biuik i>n iibut.iinmt side Ii21 liuoor I'erl of ;iiliiii[;
due trench from spring above upper quorry t6 top of lovsor quarry, 1,200 foot long,
and laid i-inoh giis pii>o for supplyinic driukiug water fur euiployi^; removed Ooai
fiO feet in length from inside of cofferdam; pumping cofferdam; oariug for tcHiU und
plant; blncksmi tiling, watching, ote.
TNITKIl STATES SNAC BOAT KESTL'CKV.
The Rn:ig boat /iVii/hiIji tiiwi'd bnrKCH l<i:idi-d with mntcri.il for coustmc ting cofler-
daiu and 1... k ; tuw.-.l .lr.-.lfic» iiml |.niiii.ciI colfrrdaui.
Tbc boil'TH ''ruck. <l Ih i<'u while i:ii>::i^-<'(l i<t Ihiu work, mid she is now laid up for
penter shop ; removed 90 cubic yards of sand and ijravel &om around suction nlpM
of pumps; removed 05 cubic yards of earth in ln-ii.Uiiij; ii round boiler on river Viank
at lower end of cofferdam; cat down 3 laru- 1 1 < < ~ .' 1 1 < < in nl shed and removed
The United Statfs derrick boat drove all piles fnrcofrerdnm ; handled all stone for the
abnimeut; hoisted fiiginca and pumps in position; excavated from inside of coffer-
ilam with iliiiup buckets ; unloaded cement an<l alt matt-rials for the work ; handled
barges and dumpi-i I scows; hoisted and set up derricks on river bank, and doing
general work around lutt'crilam and abutment.
Tho United States drndce boat WUUe dredged
Kighleen thousand and Itfty-one culiie yardn
foundation of lock walls.
Kxravated l,)ti5 cubic .vatils of material and placed same as backing to cofferdam.
Kxcavated 210 cubic yards of enrtli and clay lor dum.
The United St.'itefl dr-Ml^n boat Hard dnrlged the following amount of material:
StveutiioiiMaudeiL'ht lioiiilic.i and on. ■ eiiljie yuvds of clay, gravel, aud saud for foun-
dation of lock walls.
2454 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, tJ. B, ARVT.
1
BEATTYVILLR DAM.
llio cofTordnm coustructod luHt year was not damaged by the Rpriug freHheto. A
licavy de])u8it of sand toolc placo above, inside, and below cofferdam.
llie spring Ire ^hets waHhed away some of the backing firom above tlie fixed yot-
tioii of l\w (lam, together witU soinu of the sheathing; G9 cubic yanls of clay, stone,
and gravel were used as backing. Sheathing replaced, lullng 86 linear feet of hewed
oak timber, nineteen pieees of 3-inoh oak lumber, and 1,555 square feet of 2 and 3
ineh oak lumber.
Com]»1yin|c ^vith your instructions, the work of extending the dam through the
cotrerdiiiii, across tiie old ]>as8C8 to the Proctor Bluif, was started in May. Con-
tracts Avore made for material and the work of pimipingout the cofferdam, excavat-
ing, and removing old timbers to secure a substantial foundation was commenced.
The cofl'erdam was flooded by a rise in the river June 21^ height of water being
9 feet 7 inches. Considerable deposit was made inside cofferdami but alight dam-
age was done.
Cofierdani was pumped out June 25, and work resnmed.
The following is a statement of work done:
Excavating for foundation of extension of dam, — ^Removed 32,259 feet, B. M., sawed
oak lumber; 707 linear feet of h9Vred timber; 3,068 cubic yards of sand; 122 cabio
yards of clay ; 29 cubic yards of stone, and 1,703 assorted spikes £rom inside of cof-
ferdam.
Proctor Bank. — ^llie extreme high water caused this bank to slide and the old pro-
tection work to give way, endangering the office building^ and filling inside of
cofferdam. The bank was excavated, wheeled above coffeuuim, and deposited as
backing.
Removed the following from tlie Proctor Bank: One thousand two hundred and
sixty-tbree cubic yards of clay, 18 cubic yards of riprap stone, 2,020^ linear feet of
hewed oak timber,* 4,126^ feet, B. M., oak sheathing, 445 assorted spikes.
(ivmral work. — l*laeed pump engine and pump inside of cofierdam; pumping
colt'enlam; eonstructcd water tank for supplying engines with water; rLggod and
set up derrick on coiVerdam; laid wheelbarrow runs; made pile-driver leaiu:calke«l
tiaibnat; rereivcd and restaeked lumber for dam; repaired skiffs; removed old hewed
uak timber from dam and stacked same on Proctor Bank; removfMl spikes and drift
bolts from old timbers; removed necessary engines and tools from Rock Shoal Quarry
to Beatt.vville, and shinned the balance of tools, etc., to Lock No. 6; made eight
pUHh ]M)le8 and two coal boxes; blacksmithing, watching, handling tools, andgeneral
care of United States engineer property.
Cement. — 1 he 5,0(X) barrels of cement damaged by hi^h water February 26, 1880^
were examined and all barrels found damaged. An effort was made by your direc-
tion to sell cement, but there were no bidders.
Jiovk iShoal Quarry. — No Avork has been done at this quarry since suspension of
work last September, with the exception of restacking a small amount of stone, and
care of Tnited States ]>roperty.
Tli(^ two largt) boarding houses constructed for the use of employes and a store
building were destroyed by tire about 7 o'clock p. m., December 11, 1890. From
statement of watchman it a])pears that the fire originated in the store building,
<-.:uised by an exidosion of a coal-oil lamp while the occupants were at supper.
When llu' (ire. was discovered it had made too much headway to be extiugoishea. A
lii<;1i wind )>revailin;; carried the flames to the boarding houses. Barrels of water
bad been ]daccd on the roof of boarding houses, Imt they could not be used. A few
old tools Wert; destroyed, and some of the cut stone contiguous to the buildings were
(tracked by tin* intense beat.
(iviuraJ n luarks. — ^The citiisens of Bcattyvillo are very solicitous to have the dan
rniNed 2^ feet in order that they may have anflicicntdt>]ith of water for transportatioB
of materials and Kupplies to and from the Kentucky IJniim l^ilroad bridge, about S^
miles above the dam. As this road is the only accessible outlet or source of eom-
munii-ation with the outside world, and as under the present oiroumstaneea at a
l>ool stage of water the steamboats running from Beattyville to the railroad bridge,
and drawing less tban 2 feet of water, can not get over the shoals at and near UM
mouth of the Middle Fork, and as several large wiwmills have located above the
dam on the North Ktak, and can not ship their lumber to market, it appears to me
that some relief should hv afforded if practieaMe. Kaising the dam would be detri-
mintal to the raftin;; interest, and to make this additional height movable so that it
could be lowered during freshets would be expensive and probably unsatisfactory to
all interests. I would ri'spcrtfully reconmiend that the shoals be deepened by
constructing tlncc or tour wi])>^ Jetties, contracting the river channel ; these Jetties
to be eonstrui trd mImiui l' iW\ abovn pool water out of logs and brush mattresses
and riprap stone. Tiie opposite bank would require but little protection work, sail
' AWENDIX J J — REPORT OP MAJOR I.OOKWOOD. 24f>5
iliitiire tliat it wmiM svuiir but liltlc. Thu eml Ot Uitwu jt'ltJKH nnuM lilt
1 lutul u1iai'(;tj ul' tlii« wurk, huccviuI'
RMpMtlUUy auUuiittei
COMUKRCCAL STATISTICS,
A.rllclu*.
1H».
1«»1.
ArtklM.
I8W.
I89L
BS,MEi
1,9U3
4,«ff
IW.WB
IV.STO
eB.na
lis
Ibu.
Total
i.i«l 0/ itam-ieluti boaU pti/ing on Ike Ufpir KeiitiLckg Sitrnr, Keniueky,
NnwaTbwt.
Chanster.
Leagtli.
—
Deplh.
T«™.
PKket-...
Ful.
Ill
IB- 3
;!
II.Xl
-
The United States :u;<)uiitHl possession of these locks aud dams in 1880,
at whieii dute tliey were in a more or less crippled condition, tLe timber
of tbe dams being b;L(lly decayed and the look gates and openitiiig
iii:u'hinery in such a state us to need absolute removal or estcusive re-
pairs.
Some of the ilanis have been entirely rebuilt, the others nearly 80.
(luidc walls above and below the locks have been eonstructed, and the
banks about the locks and abutments protected by timber cribbing t«
prevent erosion.
At present tbei-e is good slack-water navigation from the Ohio Kiver to
Oregon, a distance of 99 miles.
The work of the past year has been carried on with a view to estab-
lishing the security of the locks, dams, and accessories, and that pro-
jected for the coming fiscal year is of the same character.
The new gridiron valves have been found to work very successfully.
The leakage is eompamtively sliglit, while the o!d butterfly valves, ea-
pecally when worn, leaked very badly.
2456 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
1
Extensive repairs ^vill be ix?qiiii'od to the United States snag boat
Kentuvky. Her boilers have let down twice within the past 2 months;
they have been patehed and the United States steamboat inspectors will
examine them soon, which will determine whether they can be contmned
in use.
The entire bottom requires renewal and the entire forecastle^ inchid-
ing the butting beam, will have to be replaced. The capstan engiuea
are under tlie toreoastle deek and the escaping steam has rotted away
the deck and diH.*k beams.
For details concerning the work done during the past fiscal year at-
tention is invited to the repoi-t of Assistant Engineer &• 8. Bonietty
herewith.
Detailed statemeni of erpcnses incurred in preserving and maintaining nmvtgaHan m flit
portion of the Kentuvky Hirer, Kentuckjf, improrfed hg fodbi and dama, daring tkejbttl
year ending June iiO, 16'91.
Montba.
Lock No. 1.
Lookiro.1.
Salaries.
ISIH).
Jnlv f230.tK)
Aui;nst 'SkWM
SlitillllMT "SM. itO
OitoUr 18:*. :«
NovfiiilMT 115. W
IXvviiiUr -JUCJO
isjil.
I
•Tannary —
l-Vbnuiry . .
Man-li .*. —
April
May
J nut* ,
Total
2:W. iK»
1(V>. IH)
Km. W
Itl'i. on
'J:{:i. no
•J. 411. j: J
MoiitliA.
S.ilai'ifs.
Labor
niitl ina-
tiTial.
is«»i.
•Tuimary .
Fi'luuarv
ManU.:.
A iiril
-May
Juil«'
2:in. (10
1 (".:•. iH)
l»"i.'>. IHI ,
li;::. iM)
j:i:!. (HI !
Total
J. riii.5:j
$426.85
1:79. «5
JiJ-J. 10
1. 1(»). iV)
7G3.31
271.78
11.05
«. 24
1«K». ^!0
2. 'Hi
liO. 40
1X50
ClITTCUt
and oon-
expeiises.
Total.
$9.32
5.53
1.23
14. 52
9. 22
3.80
$6m.l7
639.68
1,053.39
1.306.88
887.53
48L78
244.65
171.24
3.'M.80
12. 10
4.50
177.60
26&02
246.50
Salariea.
$230.00
210.00
185.00
210.83
166u00
906.20
233.00
165.00
165.00
163.00
23:1.00
233.00
Labor
andnw-
lariaL
$87.16
1,120.83
1.0B4.n
1,237.17
Ln
a. 00
80L75
t8L75
3.1HM33
UO. 28 j 0. 431. 14
2.399.03
4,322.72
CoRvnt
wad eok-
tfagent
$BL<T
6l5«
LS
9L07
9LSS
9L60
4.6$
41. Ot
TML
$30B.B
l.mi7
1,S7LM
l,4S7.n
SICN
M7.«
1«.«
07.31
aitn
i;7n.H
LiH.-k No. 3.
Look No. 4.
Lalnir
Ulltl IIIU-
tcriul.
I'lirnMit
and t'oii-
tiit;:i-iit
0XlH*ll8f8,
Total.
Sularieo.
Labor
aud ma
terial.
1*00.
Jnlv ^-SW.W .
AnLni«»t I'.'m.ih) ■.
S«i»ti iiiliiT 2;li", (10
(vtniitr 2;i:j. :i:{
NuvriiiiuT i«;r». "*• :
lk-<.i'iiilHr 2i»('i. 2o .
I
$!<»}. :ti
:;4:j. 02
lu7. 4S
$5. 07
5. 54
i.2;i
».l»7
I) •»»
1.80
12.0«I
li>. 50 2. 00
15. 00 4. 50
017.57 41.i»9
I
I
$235.07
20(t. 54
:t:t5.5t
580. (rj
281.70
210.00
234.80
187.20
177.00
170. lo
252. 56
23:i.00
$230.00
255.00
230.00
2:13.33
105.00
2oaao
233.00
105.00
165.00
163.00
2:13.00
233.00
$80.68
23.55
497.40
115.97
M.95
7%fl7
42.90
22.20
13.80
98.21
5L15
Camnfc
Uld ilMI-
tfalfNlt
TalaL
I
$7.67
6l64
1.S
11.07
10.71
7.85
MLM
84.11
74111
17141
3.170.19,2.511.58 1,000.86
I !
flOLH
^^ APPKNDIX J J — REPOET OF MAJOR LOOKWOOD. 2457 <
(wrlwi. «/ Ikf AVu/M^li* Hirer, KeHt«rkg, iHtpronJ *v lorki uhiI ./nut., <■(<■.- Cod liii null.
1
MoBtln
Look No. S.
&Ih1«.
ar
mulcun.
1'UllJ.
ShIiu-Im.
CorrwW |
aupidi..
-1
I0W.
Jnl, ...
aao-wi
333. U
XH.OO
Si
iKi.ra
also
«!M.ir7
107. U
MB. 70
827.86
1M.0D
3M.a«
*m.oo
wU-oo
1,014.00
'857.60
437 00
»a.oa
(107. Ill
«>,1I7
■i«.ai(
«.«o
180.00
i
•l:l!!:S
!;S:S!
1,0W,70
MB, BO
6»t,»l
4»T.0U
167; I^
M§.U«
*30.M
ad." 70
W.W
IWLTO
m.oo
to. GO
10.00
^M
'
Be
4.m
167. la
aoT,U
1S.W
i.DM,oa
ToW-
iuftai i.7si.a
i:t8.u
4. 317. u 8,11(1,30 1 ig,w i' aat.an
i.«awi
10.US.tT
UdIM IUMm drHlge 'W1IU«.
Mintli.
Sakrtmand
R^p.in,
a.,,,,-
■■Toha.
iwn
1"
is
t&DO
•no. 31
im.oa
Ufi,ua
iw'.ai
VC.OO
H.00
M.M
MM
lit. 80
18. ou
Konubn
D««nbn
10. (g
1.M
taei.
sj.oo
IK. 00
7A0O
. IB-B
I&IO
Tot
■J, 006. 61
Lack K«. 1. Krnttii'li V Kirir. ,
Lwk No. a. Kinhiikv Hlv.r...
UwkN'ii, 3.K<-lilu<'liv Ui.M'r ..
Ma,ior: I respcctfiiH.v
caoalH anil tim niaintniiiii
the Aacal year emlinK Jiii
All repuira at tbtt Bi'vpriii mc*
cal year ending JuntilW. WM>, 01
during tbat year h:ive !>i-i>n I'on
flacaJ jeu ending .Jiiue 34', ItJHI,
NCTKD States Engim^rr Officf,
Sa/rt«o, Ks; June SO, IS91.
iuii report on tbe optrntinc and care of
-r .;_.. ,.jj jjjg Xeutucky River for
fere coutemplafcil in the project for the fl»-
coiild not be mode on account of higb wat«r
BO nil work contemplate^ iu the pioiect for
iii-eptiou uf the new dwellintja for lock-keep-
M- i,.J. .1 , .,.■;,. llU
been done by lieaTf drift to tjitt guiflo pinra aii<1 < : -.[iiiii*
acuiilent has ooourreil during the yeur aud Ihnt !■ ; ■ . i i n li S,
1891, duttng an imtrnnia bigb tIbo in bolh I1k> I. ittil a
luTgeamount of drift ninningovur llie iHokwallB, til.' ImN.; Im-. .; i'. ■ Jiml.i'il
from its fastenings and wmb carried asLurt diHtajiuo iH'inw lliii Icik. A- h<>..u in thu
river (iM and readied tlie t<»i) ul' the luck Wiilln the gate was foiiliil anil rtrliiiiif; tt.v thu
United States anag hoal KeitliKks.
The Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company have inideil their hridgn ctoufiifc
the Kentucky River at Worthville, Ey., 3 fuet, Mid contemi>lnl4i riuaitiB it li ' "
more this aenaon. No alteration has be«n madti hy thia pompaliy to ita bri<
Frankfort, Ky.
The vorporattona controlling the wooden bridge at the foot of St. Clair atn^
Frankfort, Ky., have fuiled to make auy iilteTalion to that lirldjic.
The foUoirtng is a detailed statement of the wurk done during the piiat ynur: ^^m
LOCK n(i. ^^M
^ ind paving bank behind wall : plarctl 1.37< cffll^
, _.. , ,, uid gravel filling; laid 1,026 square yards of jinTiug, lui^ plawd
361 cubic yards of aand on aame; cut, diessod, and pliiecd in pusitiun behind [raviug
282 linear feet of flagging.
Loetaall. — Grading and paving behind wall; placed 4)M1 cubic yards of vnrth. day.
and gravel; laid 183 aqiiare yurila of paving; viit, dreasi.'d, aud jitaced in pinitiuii S6
linear feet of curbing; set 3S linear feet of drainpipe above jiariiig; repoiutnl di
feotive Joints on lock wall.
Loek gatr^.^-Tbo upper look guti-B were taken out and the old Imtlerfl;
removed and reulauod nilli 4 new gridiron valves; reiiiuved old liaiid nills and
in new ruila; old pintle seats removal and new uuw placed in puaitSuu;
Lower Hvar guide Kail. — Placed 52 eubiu yarda of riprap atone flClng auil
Gubio-yardB ot paving etone.
Xowgr ekore guide vail. — Plarod 561 cubits yards of rippip alone filling
laid 119 cubic yards of paving »lone.
Dam. — Removed defei'tive aheathing and plaood in now slieatbing.
JbiUmenl. — Placed 62 uubic yards ot^stoue on upper faee of uhntmHut U>
leak.
Gmvral work. — Quairyin^ and transporting stoni! rrimi i(nim \ i' Pr. r
lock; painting and penciling ohiunoys and foiimhiii i-- ' 1 << :
built 400 linear feet of fence aronnd GuvemRii:t>l in "i" 1 1 1 < ! < - '
ciateru; coDBtructed » return protection wall intn lli'- ImijI, i . ' ' . i ' -i
70 uubio yards of dimension stone; secured lower j;iili'>i }■:•■]. in i In r. . i -
cliaius; removing aud repairing operating irona; deatiing (<<iii-'ninii-ii<
vegetntion and mud and ilrilt iVom lork walla.
l>ndgiiig. — Bomoved IVom lock eutrani'e2,lS5 cubie yarla of niatenul,
Cmeral remarkt. — Tberu waa no euspeu^iini of navigation bici-iiI (<>r high
Tlie lock walls were suliuiergoil by hai-k water from tliu Olilo auil hlgli wutn
Kuutneky River during the moDtha of January, February, Hareb, aiid.\]>ril.90i)By«.
lIlKbeal water occurred. February S6, nppiu gauge r«adiug M.Gf«<et; hivter n»ag»,
SS.Sieet. Lowest water occurred August 6; upper ganga, 8.D feet; litweTgan|{>,4J)
lis and"pttl
twiai^^
Ntv abuimenl. — The coDntruction of this abutment was suspended last fall un ao-
connt of continued c^itreuie high water, endangering tlio safety of Ibe «luin. Wurk
was resumed early in July anil continued until DOinpletJou in Otitotwt.
The following is a statcmrnt of work donn :
£!toaml(a^.—OIe moved 93T cubie yards of atone, clay, and gravel, Uil 3nti
. fttet of old timber for foundnfiOD. ' -^
Griitage feundatios. — Laid Ibe following amount of timber:
taa linear feat 6 hy lainahM bvll
SOSUneai feet .jt., tl l.y U in<]i«bySI
108 linear feet 10 by 14 iix-hea lij- g
SIO linear feet tl by I:! iunlii-abT 11
210 liuear fe.^t 12 by l^lucbtobj^
^* APPENDIX J J — HEPORT OP JJA-IOR LOCKWOOD. 2459
PlanMl 116 culiic yantH ripraii Rtouu hi fuiiiulAiion ; 20 ciiliin yioAa ii|>iiwIh luiil 60
MminwriuH ifuiaa wf.—Sct thu f<i]|<iwiii|; Miiuiiiit of itiiiK'UHinii Kloru- in iiliiilrui'iil \
E91 liDearfort qnarcy-fucnetone liivlicalliick.. 30
21 cubic Tank baaldngtifiini- du "JO
264 )lii«.vfeetqDi(lTy-faceHlu]ie do.... IH
\t cubic yacda bucking tUiae ilii 18
Wfl liiioarfoot quart)[-fiic;B utoiie du 16
16 cubic yanls backinu utoiio du 16
1,006 linear feet qaBny-face atone ......iln Ui
69 on blc yards Woking stunu ilo IS
Retain crib wall into baiik above new abntoicnt.
Excaealing. — Excavated 377 cubic yards uf earth, Htan«, and gmvcl, fur fuimdtitlaii ;
laid aa cribbing. 1,306 linear fcot of hewed white uak tiiiibor; plautid 1,ST0 fiwt B.
11. 2-iDoh aheathing on face of oribj pliicul 75 oahic yairts of riprap atone, uud 75
cubic yarda of olay and gravel iR cribbing as tiUinj;.
LocK-1aofa'» daelting. — Excavated 137 cubic yarda of earth ajid atone for fuunda-
tion ; laid 97 cubic yards of dimeuaiou atone, quarry face, in the foundation ; receivod
luuibur aud materials fordwellinsa; eDinuiitix'itl thn noiiatnictlon of dwelling.
liocli gaM. — Took out upper lock gates anil roiuovod old buttt^rfly v ntvps aud rn-
plaeed them with ^ridirou vnlvea; roniaved ohl t>pvratlng Irons; iilaeoiliicwlrouBou
ail the gat«8; mpnintod Kates.
Z>am. — Laid 150 linear feet of now sheathiu); and te«piked nheathing.
Dndging. — Dredged' I, S75 cubic yard" of iniitnriul ttara lock pit and L-nttanrna.
Oa»eral leark. — Construi'ted proteoticm urili above -the ciitTurduin oii the ahutinpnt
•iile of the river; used 170 linear feet of timber and SB oubic yards of ripmp «tone
tilling; laid 4T4 linear fuet of timber trorn inside viXge of new abutment at the lower
end to the bank; boating and liandliiig stone for the new abutment and Ii>clc-keeper'i
dwelling; rigging and aetliog up derricks on both sidea of the river for hBuiUiDg
material; removed 675 linear feet of tinibor from old abutment; conHtro('ti<d crib
■mail between old land wall aud new stone abutment, used 310 lineal feet uf 6 by l:!
timlwl; quanying and cutting atone fur abutment and foundation for luck-kM>per'B
dwelling; mixing mortar; boatina sand, dimension, and riprap stone; pointing all
stone work| temovingcuffi'rdiim; dismantling derricks; removed 119 pieves uf dimen-
sion stone trum abutment side and Htuctcd some bKbiiid lock wall; disinaullinc lurk
f^ttis; rBQioving drift from entrances; rweiving material for new lock -koeper'sdwoil-
iiig; clearing Oovemment premises of weeds; remuviog snow, iee, ana mud from
luck walla.
General rvmarlu. — There was no snspeiisiun of navigation at this luck except for
bii:h water during the yar. Lock wuIIh were siibnieiged by bark water bum the
Obiu and high rises in the Kentucky rivers, 45 ilays. Phe hij;1i«Ht water ui-curred
March 10, tower K^u^a reading 15.40 fuut, npiier gauge 33.40 feet. Tlie luwest water
uccurred September 8, luwtr gauge reading 8.4 ft'Ot, upper gauge 8 feet.
Lock gain. — Hemoved five defective lilockH and replaced them with new blockfi;
rt-niuvud oM oiHTatinj; irons and put in now inipruvi'd irons; removed old buttertty
vulvrH and placed uew giidiriin valves; repaired wickets iu lilliiig culverts; painted
h'i'k gates.
Dam. — Kemoved ten di'Teetive pieces of step sheathing and replaced wilh iiaw
sheathing.
Lork-ieeper'i dwelling. — (Quarried, cut, and set 112 cubic yards of dimeuHion slune for
fuundiition of dwelling; icceivtiig m:iteriut; fruniing buusc.
Oeneral teork. — Removing drift Iroiii eiitrances; bolting une capstan on luck wnll;
cementing joints on al<>)>e wull behind the luck ; mode culvert in atope wall fur oper-
ating irons on lock gates to work in ; gra<le<l aud aoddeil arouiiil foundation for uew
lock house; whitewashed and repaii'ed fences arounil premises; removed drift from
luck entrances, and snow, ice, and mnd from luck walls.
Drtdging. — Dredged 1,578 cubic yanis of material l>om pit and entrances.
General remarki. — There was no suspension of navigation except for high water.
The luck walls were submerged 17 days during the year.
The lowest water occurred Octo))er 20, lower gauge reailing 6.1 feet; upper gauge
readiug 8.2 feet. The higtiest water occurred i ebruary 2, lower gauge reading 32.2
feet, upper gauge readiug 21.4 feet.
LOCK KO. 4.
Loek gate*. — Removed three defective bh>cka and put in new blocks; repaired pintle
•eat fur lower outaide guto; repaired wicket ruds; painted lock gatea.
2460 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
Dam. — Fifty-nine pieces of defective Rheathing removed and 5,310 feM B. M. oak
Hheathin^ ]nit in; respiked step sheathing.
General work. — Regrading slope wall and cementing joint* of paving; repaired
lower river guide wall and bolted same to lock wall; placed 33 cubic yards of riprap
stone in lower shore guide wall; repaired old gates and fences on premises; con-
structed water gauge at each end ot slope wallj painted water gauge; rigged wire
line for operating signal lights; removed snow, ice, and drift from lock walla; dU-
niautliug operating irons; removing weeds and vegetation from premises; making
slight repairs on lower shore guide wall.
Dreihjimj. — Uredgod 1,325 cubic yards of material irom lock pit and entrances.
Gen era I remarks. — There was no suspension of navigation except for high water. The
lock walls were submerged by high water in the Kentucky River 13 days during the
year.
The lowest water occurred October 2(K lower gauge reading 5.6 feet, upper gauge
6.4 feet. The highest water occurred March 9, lower gauge reading 41.5 feet, upper
gauge 28 feet.
LOCK NO. 5.
Dam. — One hundred and fifty feet from the abutment the dam had settled 15 inches,
the settlement extending from abutment to lock wall, decreasing from settlement of
15 inches uniformly to one-half inch at both abutment and lock walls. This w:is
leveled by putting on a new comb stick and resheathing upper slope of dam 6 Unst
on its face the entire length of the dam; spiked, 13,091 feet, B. M., 3-inch oak sheath-
ing on u]>per slope; spiked 5,874 feet B. M. oak timber on comb of dam.
Look-keeper' 8 dweUimj. — Quarrieil, cut, and set 120 cubic yards of stone for founda-
tion of new house, receiving material and constructing house by hired labor; dwell-
ing completed with the exception of painting and a small amount of phistering.
DrecUjiny. — Dredged 1,125 cubic yards of materiul from lock pit and entrances.
General work. — Constructed 1,800 linear feet offence around Government premises;
removal drift from entrances; dismantled operating irons; beveled 7,240 linear feet
of timlxT for repairing dam; bored 1,007 |-inch holes for spiking timber and sheatli-
iug on dam; whitewashed and repaired old lo<;k-keeper'8 dwelling; quarrying stone
and excavating for foundation of new dwelling; hauled stone and sand for lounda-
tion; mixing mortar; carrying water ; building fence on abutment side of river; re-
setting m fence posts; removing snow, ice, and mud from lock walls.
General remarkn. — There was no 8us]>ension of navigation at this look, except from
high water, during the year. The lock walls were submerged 9 days.
The lowest water occurred October 18, lower gauge reading 5.70 feet, upper gauge
8.10 feet. The highest water occurred March 10, lower gauge reading 40.70 feet,
upper gauge 29.30 feet.
UNITED STATICS SXAG BOAT KKNTUCKY.
The snap; ])r)at has been engaged ill making rei)airs 1o the locks, doing necessary
snag«xinu;. and ad ing as tender to dredge hiKit.
Tin* following is a sl.aleiiuMit of \Nork done:
'lowi'd the follow in«:: aiiiount <d' stoin*: 1577 cnldc yards of dimension stone from
Lock No. (i to L(Mk No. 2; i'ui eubic yards of riprap stone from Drenuon to Lock Nt».
2; IIK) (ulMryanlK of paving-stone from Loek No. (J toLockN(». 1; 910 cubi«; yards
of paving stone from Drennon to Lock N<>. 1; 147 cubi<5 j'arils from Stony ('reek to
Lock No. 1 ; l.^i^iMK) (estimati^d) feet H. M. lumber loaded on barges at Frankfort and
towed to Lo<k No. (>; removed 5!) sna«;s and I wreek (coal barge) at Lock N«». 2;
worke<l 1^;; days on new hull for (InMlgc l)oat: assisted in putting in new valves at
Loeks Nos. I ami 2; worked [) days at Lock No. (J, pumping, hoisting timbers, etc.;
mihis run from .luly 1, ISJJO, to .June ,'{(), 18i)l, (J,r>75.
I'MTKI) 8TATi:S DliKlXiK BOAT WILLIE.
Coiu]>leled building lumse over macbiiu^ry and cabin for crew.
Tlie followiuLT is a statement of work done at the locks:
liO<k No. 1 cubic yards dredged . . 2. l")
Link No. 2 do 1, S7r»
Lock No. ;{ do L57S
Lock No. 1 <lo 1, ;wr»
Lock No.r> do 1, 1lC»
Total 8,1*:^
AFPKKl'IX .1 J — RKPORT OF MAJOR LOCKWOOD.
24etlH
The drrriclc bont ban hevn pji^nged in inakitiff repnira at the locks, boisting b1oii«
Mid timber, lo " ■ ■ ■■ ... - J ■_. .r.
It MMiBtcl ii
rial for auifprilain. anil ilimi
Bopoutfiilly aubniittud.
Brporl oj \o«kagt» on Kmttiekn R
; Kmturky, for Jin-nt yciir
■tiding June SO, 1891.
1
Jl
Ooins np.
Qolng dawn.
3
1
Locta.
P
y
;1
Ii
P
f%
1
It
S76
i
ii
i
s
S
IS8
IM
190
434
aw
IHM
1ST
ina
SB
J27
]>1B
1.3U
i!in«
1.108
1,W7
KT
-
i,sefl
""
2.181
<).«>
'
i-ipA(v[ hoafa plt/iKg en Lower JTmlHoiy Bieer, £MtMiIiy.
NwneorbMt.
Chnom.
Length.
Bruillb.
Depth.
Tonumge.
U.8.MllgboB(K-nl,nk>-
FjirtaCUy
Tb'b Bjilluri]
riij..ri*Uri.-'iii..
Sjr':::
To*".:::::::
1'
Ul.fl
M
U
u
48
134
120
Fta.
S3. 5
91
11.5
22
20'
IB.8
22
<.e
i!
3.(1
3.E
4.2
3.4
330
l!W.Da
223! :»
i5n,M
^!ii>i,mV:::::;:;;::::::":::;::::;:
4: as
4.M
IOIi.M
vr.B.c«ir ■-
^■:!"«i.i;:::
TOM
•Sot
6wproi«:1kr.
2462 REPOKT OF TUE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
JJ 6.
IMPROVEMENT OF LICKING RIVER, KENTUCKY, FROM FARMERS TO
WEST LIBERTY.
The project for tlie iin])roveinent of thi« river was approved by the
Secretary of War under date of September 20, 1888, and provide* for
removal of snags, detaclied rocks, and bowlders from the river bed with
a view to improving low-water navigation and rafting. This work can
only be done to advantage during low water, and in consequence it was
May 15 of the present year before it was deemed advisable to commence
operations.
For details regarding this season's work attention is invited to the
report of Assistant Engineer B. F. Thomas, api)ended hereto.
Tlie improvement can not be regarded as permanent in consequence
of the fact that the obstructions due to snags and leaning trees will
continue to form.
Tlie original estimate of the cost of the improvement was $17,08<) for
that i)ortion of the river between Fanners and West Liberty, and it is
recommended that of the balance yet unappropriated $5,000 be appro-
l)riated for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.
Money atntcment.
July 1, 1890, balance iinoxpended $132.08
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 ' 3^ 000. 00
8, 132. 06
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 1, 007. 41
July 1, 1801, balnnco unexpoudod 2, 034.67
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilitirs 503.50
July 1, 1891, balancer available .' 1,531.17
C Amount (ostiiiiatod) r(M|uinMl for completion of ex iBtinc project It, 680.00
j Amount tbatcau bo profitably expended in fiscal yearending June 30,'1893 5,000.00
\ Snbinitte<l in coinplianco witb requirements of sections 2 of river and
(^ harbor acts of isr»<> and 18(J7.
i{i:iM>Ki <»r mi:, m. v. tjh>mas, assistant knginekr.
Louisa, Ky., .7iMji« SO, 1S91,
Major: Work was cnHiiin'nced upon Lickinji: Kivcr on May 5, 1891, at apouitOO
miles alK)v»'. Faimers, Ky. A lar^^o amtmnt of loose and solid rock, as well as many
snajx-s wild stunips, \\.\\v Imtu renu)ve<l near Kbitwootls Spring Branch, Mussel Shoalti,
an<l Tnith* Ishnul, a liistjuHr (dabout 10 miles. Near the latter place over 18 large
bowlders Iiavr hww bl.isicd out and a large drift removed.
The f(»|]owin<; is an <'s(injat«' of the work done up to date:
E\<';n af inii :
^^" » 1 i • I > " •• l^ cabio yards . . 5. RT5
Loosr i.M k do 2,115
('l:is- <.r w.iik. Xnmbor. Lenirth. Girth.
Riia^rt miHK nl
Trri's i«*iiiMV«(l I
Si uin i»M irniiivo*!
TnM's topped
^ APPEWMX J J — UEPORT OP MAJOR LOCKWOOD. 2-163
It is proposed to complete the espenrtltnre of the aiipropTiittioi] this^awiD by the
rcmovHl of large rorke at Bliifk«-atw, Lob Cabin Bend, Devil Creek, Big Laar»l,
Little Leiirel, McCluro, and Old Co}>f and Twia CnlveH.
It i» proposed to remove all dnn^nrous snAgs and otlieiwiae improve the cbiuiiiel,
and t« cIsBn out and put in good eondition all Lfae Bhoais on the rivor. Alter thia
MppraprUtion is exlitviiBl«d there will yet remain mu<Ji important work to be done,
but tllo rivBi will be in a fkirlf safe condition.
BoapeutfuUy submitted.
B. F. TllOMAB,
AaiUlaitt Engineer.
OOUUERCIHL STATISTICS FOIt FISCAL YKAH RStiiSfl JtNE 30, 1881, UCKIXtl AIVBil,
Artlclo.
1)«.
IRM.
M,7S3
Ifmt.
"■r,
Total ^1 M.wi : ao,3n
JJ7-
IMPEOVEMENT OF BIG SANDY RIVER, WEST VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY.
The Big Sandy River, which ia formed by the onioD of the Tug and
I^visa forks, flows north a distance of 2U miles and empties into the
Ohio at Catlettsburg, Ky. The main river and the Tug form the
lioundary between Kentucky and West Virginia, and the Upper Tuy,
tiir a distance of about 1$ miles, forms the boundary betweeii Virginia
mid West Virginia, The Tug Fork rises in the southwest corner of
West Virginia and flows northwest to its junction with the Lerisa Fork,
with a total length of 140 miles. The Ijcvisa Foik rises in the soutli-
western part of Virginia, then entering Kentucky flows in a northerly
4lirectioii. It's total lengtli is about IS!) miles.
The present approved project provides for the construction of a look
and dam on the main river near Louisa, Ky., and the clearing of the
main stream and the forks of obstructions.
At the close of the last fiscal year the lock, with gates, wickets, oper-
ating machinery, etc., were completed, as well as the abutment
The amount of money available was insufficient to build the dam, and
on this account so much work only was undertaken as could be com-
pleted.
During the past year a considerable amount of grading was done
about the abutment; a part of tlic dam next the abutment completed,
and prepjnations made for carrying the dam through to the lock, I
had a notice published that the river would be closed to uavigation
^lay 15, iu order to put in the remainder of the dam, which developed a
powerful opposition, primarily, against the closure of navigation, but
w)iich took the form of a genenil opi>osition to a fixed dam. The mat-
ter is now before a Board of Engineers, of which I am a member. In
2464 BEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEBS, U. 8. ABMT.
advance of Hihe final rex>ort of the Board, I do not deem it proper to du
cuss the subject of the character of dam at this locality.
A contract is in force with Marting, Mittendorf, and Dois^ of Kilgorc
for famishing the timber for the dam, and the delivery is going on
The money available is sufficient to complete the dam and open the loci
for navigation. A change to a movable dam will, as a matter of course
increase the estimate of the cost of completion, besides uecesaitatinj
radical changes in the lock.
For details of work done during the past year, attention is invited t
the report of Assistant Engineer B. F. Thomas, herewith.
Money statement,
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended .'.... $15.902.C
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 31, 000. C
46.2Q2.fi
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 16^ 468. i
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 29, 734. 1
July 1, 1891, outHtanding liabilities $2, 273. 15
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted contracts 6, 916. 06
9, 219. 2
July 1,1891, balance available 20, 514.fi
Abstract of bids received and opened January 5, 1891, hy Maj. D. W. Lockwood, Carp§i
Engineers, for oak timber for dam, Big Sandy Biver, West Virginia and Kentueky,
No.
Kanie and addrcsH uf bidder,
JIard-wood
tiinl>or, flat-
ted, 12 bv 8
iiiuhc-s. 15.002
linear feot.
Oak timber.
Vj>l»Mjtin".T. Drsiycr, Inm-
ton. (»lii«» ,
llc'iiry A. Msirlinjr, Adiun
Mlti<'iMl«>rr, Vrvd Diuh,
Kil;ii»n', Ky
J dim II. r»r«lrll, Vniu'o-
bur^'. Ky
Pcrlin.ft.
$o.:m
.10
.18
SqilATOd. 10
bv 10 incniM,
100,999 foct.
i\. M.
Per M.
$:{:>. 00
20.00
24.00
Dookinc, 0 by
12 inches,
178,290 feet
B. If.
AhMitlne. S br
12 Inches uiA
2 by 12
Inches, 37,040
feet»B.H.
Peru.
$50.00
25.00
24.90
ToUl.
P«rJir.
$20.00 $20,101.:
19. .V) 10,077.:
21.90
12, 292. t
The bid of Mcssr-s. Martiiig; Mittcndorf, and Duis was accepted.
Abntract of blth rnnvnl tint! oprnrd February 10, ISOJ, by Maj. IK TV, T.>ockwood, Corj
of Iui(fi»rcrn, for iron for vnuxlnution of dam on Big Sandy River, West Virginia an
Kentucky.
1 ■.
V 1
I^o.
X.niir iiTid juldrrss of hid^lrr.
I
1 (iiM)r<;<' Kiii'ii V iV Co. ('iii<-iiiiiiit i.Oliio.
2 Tattiii, II.ill i.v riittin, Marirtta, Ohio
Drift iMdts,
:H).000
pounds.
Perth.
$0.02^^1
.04
Jtolt ends,
180 pounds.
Ptrlb.
Iron, 8,100
pounds.
PsrZft.
$o.or
r^
i:MaI.
$961.4
1.71U.i
The bid uf McaBrs. Gcorgi; Kin.scy & Co. waa accepted.
^- APPENDIX J J — EEPORT OF MAJOR LOCKWOOD. 2465 ^^
I-dUIBA, Kv., Juno JO, iS5!.
Major: The annual r»nort upon Big Buidf Hiver fgr flscal year eniUng Junu 3(1,
ISBI, is herewith rr8i>c<!tfully HitbmitttHl.
At the nlone of Inst year tbo abulmi^nt <mA the Innk, incliidiug the gutea, wioki^U,
the blutiug out <it the lower lock uppruuLh, ouU waa begun upon tliud&m, uiduliuul ^M
90 fe«t of cribs put in unil filled with riprnp, and 22 luet of the dam was ontiroly ^M
flnisbed. ^M
'fhe river bank below the abiituiPut biia been graded preparatory to paving. A ^M
chute about 500 feet long waa cut uext the look for the paaeAge of boats duting llio ^
compleUon of the dam. The whole of the drift bolts and about ono-third of the crib
timber and decking are now on the gronnd.
In reply to a cirpuiar letter frnm this office dated September 19, 1S90, propoeala for
1890. and the contract was awanlod to V. J. Drayer, of Gftllop, Ky. DelivBry nnder
thia oonlraot, amounting to 73,1SI7 B. M. foot, has been completeri. J. B. Poteri aim
ddiMTed \,*m linear feet of flatted timboi contracted for October 3, 1B89.
BMides the oompletion of the dam thefoUowiug remaina to be dona: Building
awelling, and protection of banke by wijla and paving.
Adetailedatatemuntof work done and cost of labor iaaa follows:
w.,1.
A=,™nt.
CcMt.
R™„k.
«,BOG
l.WT
M7
iB.aM
i.aa
*i,iȤ.ao
a.Z78.«
'■^;«
see. 32
all. 00
Ei.diuit>butai..nt.
BukMuwalMbnnil.
Dun luat abntoiinit.
Dun next BbBtinHul nod
GcDflnl UH.
K»iii ao
SoUdroak do
Loom rock -. do
Pll«driT8ii liu.«rf«t..
K.8U.U5
COMMERCIAL 8TATI
sTics '■^^ij;^'^;^^''
Al, TKAIt y.NIHNC .irxK 30, 1891,
BIG BAND
r RIVER,
..U,io>,.
: ..,
Ip'Jl. Arli.liH.
™.
»,.
T,.u..
Ton: y
50 ■) TiniWr, ln£«. kll'lt^■,.■[t....
3.0^1! ^;t-r"-''
T-n,-
: illooo
i 510
IB, 000
' 318.582
r-n..
3.W0
»a^
21. OW
«00
277,303
S.aW PwiwDKe™
sEl-M
l-",^'
2466 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
List of boats plying on Big Sandy Biver, West Virginia and KnUu/cky,
Nnme of l)oat.
Cliaraotcr.
Side wheel,
do
Ed. C. Kirkcr (tow)
Sip l?ay<'»
SandvVftllev ' do
V i rffio Ra 1 1 i "ff ' do
Ida Smith I Stem wheel.
Mary L. Hatfhor ! do
Jjoxinirton.
frank Pn^ston
Andy Hatrhor
J. C. lI"i»kinH
S. It. Vaiinirtro (tow).
Tom SjmrlcK'k
.do
— do ...■■..
...do
Side wheel..
Stt^m wheel .
...do
I.<ength.
Bre«dlh.
Depth.
FUi,
JM.
FeeL
73
8
2
100
14
1.8
105
14
2.8
110
16
2.6
100
16
3
110.4
20
8
120
22
3.5
110
18
3
117
18
3
102.5
16.4
2.4
112
18.3
3.4
117
22
3
Ton-
nage.
7
24.13
40
43
45
55.05
58.73
60
65
67
96.5
100
All iucrcaso of 5 boal^ over 1890.
J J 8.
IMPROVEMENT OF LEVISA FORK OF BIG SANDY KIVER, KENTUCKY.
Tlie Lcvisa. is the western of tlie two forks that unite at Ix>uisa to
form tlie l^ijUf Sandy River. It rises in the southwestern part of Vir-
ginia, at an elevation of about 1,500 feet above tide water, and flows in
a northerly direction. Its banks in many cases are rocfcy, in others
composed of sand and clay. It possesses all the charactcristicH of a
mounlain stream, a ste/Op average slope, and pools of varying depth,
separated by rocky bars or ripples that at low water often have but a
lew inches of water over th(»,m. The avenige fall from Pikeville to
iKniisa is 1.40 fe(»t per mile, the distance being 80^ miles.
The object of the imi)rovement has been to facilitate rafting and push-
boat iiavi^j^ation in the ni)])er river and to improve low- water steamboat
navijjfation so i'ar as this can be done. Steamboats can not run in this
or Tu^ Fork at dead low water, but the work done so far has been of
such a character as to ])ernn'tof their running on smaller rises than was
the cas(^ ])elore the improv<»ment was commenced.
(;()al njiues have becu ()p(»iied at and near Peach Orchard and quite
exleiisiv(» shipnieuts are made by rail to Ashland, <m the Ohio, where it
is ])ut iu bar^^es lor ti'aus])ortation <h)wn that river. Couhl coal be
sliij)ped out l)y wafer from the mines, the output of coal wouhl Ikj
lar<.^ely increased.
I'he work (lone has consisted of removing from -the channel iiH'ks,
bowldei's, sna^s, lo;;s, stuini)s, etc., and from the banks of the river,
overlian«iin^- trees that intertei'cd with steamboatfl.
T\w stream under the ju'esent jnrjject is incapable of permanent im-
provement, as the obsti'uctiiuis to navigation, such as snags, stumps,
io^j^s, etc., are liable to relbrm at any time, and an annual appropriation
of about .^L\500 is needed to kec]) it clear.
For details conc(Tnin<; the work done during the past fiscal year at-
tention is invited to the rei)ort of Assistant Engineer B. F. Thoma.s
api)ende<l hereto.
Mfntcj/ statrufrnt,
AiiioTint :i]»pr(>|ni:i(iMl ]>y act npjnovtMl SrptnulM-r li>, ISJK) $2, .^lOO.OO
JiiiH' ;i(>, ISIU, :tiiiouiit rxiH'iidnl diiriii«; tisral year I, S4t<.LU
July 1, ISIU, Imliiuco iuhximimIimI 1,151.70
( AiiHiiiiit tliatcMii 1)('pi-ntit.il>I> o\])i«n<l<Ml ill lisrnlyojvrc
- Siilnnitt.i"«l in <'oii)pli:ni<T witli rtMpiiriMuuiits of 80cti
( harbor acts of lbG6 and li<G7.
ending; Juno 80. 189:^ 2, Ttt^K IN)
8cctiou8 2 of river uud
APPENDIX J J — REPORT OP MAJOR LOCKWOOD. 2467
RKroKf or Mil. II, r. thomas, AfisiSTANT knginber.
LouiBA, Ky., June SO, IROI.
HAJriK ; Wof k WM lMi((iin iipnn tlio Levisa Fork of Big Sandj River nliont the Ist
df Niivenibfir itnil r^iiiliiiinil nntil uboiit Chrietmnn. wiien cold wealber Rtoppeil the
mirk. It will Im i'muiiuhI wlien the water is Bnnicientlj low to work to xivantttgH,
Tbn pliiK'Ipnl work ilniio woa the clenniug out of ahoaln, pnrticiilaTly, Whit's Huute,
Urn»i>y, Wliwmiln, Sngar Jjoxt, i1nwe« > ord, Qrimes, Sayet Millilam, and Abbott.
SasgK worn tnkiiii out at I'Toat^ualiiirg, Mud Creek, and maiij- other places, anil a
wln/C •I'tni to throw thu wntnr into tlie chnte wrh hullt at La,viie Dam.
Tnfi lUstniii^e workc-il nvor wuB 82} railoe. A siunmnry of work done fonnB part of
thin roport and rpference to it is tniuln for quiintitlca luid emit i>f wnck doito. An
appropHiitiini Hlimiid bo raiiiln to miiiiitKin the old work ami oontinne tho iotprare-
Tlin work lias bu^n rontiiiiiod niidor tho chargB of Mr. Trod. McIIonry, c
■MiRled \yj Mr. .ti>n»« Wi>lcli, n rivet pilot.
SiHKmarg of tmrit done on I/reiM Fork during gear r»iing Jim« SO, ISOt.
.W.A.
»,
nb,r.
L«,«.b.
Girth,
in
m
Fttr.
■a
TO
iWi.
It
JJe
mrROVKMKNT OF TCG
ThP Tug Fork is tin' cnstoni of f li(^ two fmlis which unite at the town
ofljoiiisa, '26 milp.sfioiTi tlu-OIiio, t«fonn tlift llifr Samly River. It rises
in the woiithwest ronipr of West VirRJiiia jind tlowa toward the north-
west for a (lifitaniT of 140 miles. For a distance of 18 miles at its head
it forms a part of the Iioniulary Ijetweeii Virginia and West Virginia,
and below this it and the Hig Sandy form the boundary between West
Virginia and Kentucky.
The Tug throughout most of it.s length is a clinractcristic mountain
stroiim formed of a series ()f ]hm)Is so|)iiratrd by ripples.
Tlic averajre fall per mile fri>ni Pond to Warfield, a distance of 23.5
miles, is 1.96 feet |>er mile, and from Warlielrl to Louisa, a distance of
3.5 miles, 1.72 feet per mile.
The object of the improvcmeut has beni to fiuilitate rafting of logs
from the upper portion of thI^ si ream and ilsbraiirhes, to provide a low-
water push-boat channel, and U> make it possible for light draft steam-
boats to run at lower stages tlian formeily while the river was in an
unimproved state.
The work done ha.s been that of cleaving the channel of rocks, snags,
stumps, et«., and the baiikii of overhanging trees, while with special
2468 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEfiBS, U. S. AEMT.
rofereiicc to the pn^h-boat intcrosts, cliauiiels have been cut tliroiigh
the rii)i)les or slioals.
Tlie Norfolk and Western Railroad i)eoi)le have seriously interfered
with i)U5sh-boat navigation and rafting in the upper river by catting
trees and blasting rock into the channel.
An injunction was gotten out against them in the UnitcMl States
court at Louisville, Ky., to prevent further injury to the Stream, and a
suit instituted to etl'cct the removal of obstructions akeady created.
I do not know what the legal situation is at present. I have written
the United States attorney at Louisville for information on the subject
without receiving an answer.
This stream is incapable of permanent improvement, as the obstmc-
tions formed by logs, snags, et(*., are liable to it.'form at any time, and
H small annual a])pro]>riation is needed to k(H>p it free. For details
concerning the work done during the past fiscal year attention is in-
vited to the rex)ort of Assistant Engineer 13. F. ThomaSi appended
hereto.
Money statement.
Amount appropriated by act approved Septeml>cr 19, 1890 $2, 500. 00
June 30, 181^1, amount expeudoil during liiical year 1, 078. 33
July 1, 1891; balance unexpended 1,421.67
( Amount that ran be proHtably expended in fiscal year endin;; JnncSO, 1803 2, 500.00
< Submitted in complianoe with retxuirements of sectiuus 2 of rivor aind
( harbor acts of lm^ and 1SG7.
RErOBT OF MR. B. F. TUOMAS, ASSISTANT KNGINKSB.
LouuA, Kt., JTmm so, ISOl.
Major: The report of work done upon the Tag Fork of Big Sandy Biver for the
fiscal year ending June 30 is respectfully submitted:
Work was not begun until the 10th of November on accoant of the late date at
which money became available. The boat« were pushed to Sycamore^ 61 milee aboye
I^onisa, and then work was begun downstream. In proviouB years the work has
been confined largely to the bed of the river, the shoals, snaga, rooks, etc., bat
little attention has bt^en given to overhanging trees, and on tms aocount it was
thought best to expend the present appropriation almost entirely for this manner of
improvement, so as to assist the larger steamboats in ascending and descending the
stream. The previous improvem(>nt8 have been more with a view to seeare good
push-boat and raft navigation rather than for steambcmts, bnt the latter haTe fonnd
so much to do in the stream since the Oovermnent has made it safe to go into it, that
now all the navigation companies plying on the main river as w^ as a regular tug
line have put their boats into the trade.
The Norfolk and Western Railroad Company are building an ertension of their line
along the upper part of Tug River, and make two crossings upon the part improved
by the United States. Thcv have cut a great many trees and blasted largeteoas into
the channel and have gieatly interfered with push-boat navigation and xhe ronning
of timber, both in rafts and ]oot<e logs.
Complaints have been received from many points along this river of the mw»g of
fish by the use of dynamite. It has become general throngbont tills district on all
the rivers, and the State laws don't seem competent to handle the matter. I think
the United States should speedily enact a law which would stop this wanton de-
Rtrurtionof the fish in its waters*; othcrvysi^, in a very few years, there will be none
left. In some sections they may be seen by the liuuilreds floating dead upon the
water, tlie explosion having killed more than wei-u needed by the parties handling
tlie explosive. Dynamite not only kills the larger and marketable flsh, bnt it also
ii« siroNs ihr small ones, whicli are at present of n«» use to anyone.
owiiii; titioM weather, the work was siis]icnded DtMiember 20, and will be re-
siiiiit-ii :ii;:iiri :is sm.tu as the water is at a low enough stage to get at the ehannel
Mliv.t|-Mrti(il|vi.
APPENDIX J J — REPOET OP MAJOR I.OCKWOOD. 2469
A ilrtnfleil stAtvment of Ibn vrork il'inn U hh r•l)k1^vl<:
Wmk,
KamlMr.
Lwgth.
Olrth.
Ml
3M
iW(.
F«I.
Iianging
Tue nver ia rapidly becoming ouu of imptfrtuace, aitil I tliliik oliouSd be kept in
good condition for atouuibuntii us wolt tia fur the iiao of piuih liouU und taSln.
The work has been ilone uudtsr ttiu dlraction of Mr. A. Lee Burrut, uf Worliuld, Ky .
i{«ap«<itfiill7 Bnbinittod.
fi. h\ THOMAe,
Atiittmt Sngiiutr.
HaJ. D. W. LocRWoox,
Carp* of Jinyinter; U. S. A,
J J "•
IMPROVEMENT OF GinANUOrTE RITER, WEST VIRGINIA.
The Guyandotte Kiver rises in tlie soutliwestern part ol" West Vir-
ginia and, tlowiiig in a iiortlnvcst^rly diirctiuii, empties into tbe Oliio
12 milea above the inuutli of tliu Itij; Shindy, and 39 miles below tlie
tuoutb of the (iicat Kitnawlia.
THe project Hir the iitipmvi'nu'nt \v;is adopte<l in 1878, and contem-
plated the obtiitniiig of a cleitr i-hinjiicl witli a width of 3U feet and a
least depth of 18 iiiclira dnriiif; '> mouths of the year, by the removal
of rocks, sniiys, and other obstrnctioiis. This river was practically
closed before work (•oiiiniciirtd Lxcept during rises of considerable
height
Tbe stream was once itii|>n>vcd by the Stiitc of Virginia by the con-
etmction of six locks iind diimw. Tin* links were eonstnicted of timber,
and, as a matter of c<jmst', aft^-r a tiiiie, tbe cluuges for repairs, ren-
dered necessary by the iiiitunil <If(iiy of tbe wood, became very great,
and a little further along the system was abaudone«l, and what had
formerly eoastitnted a nseful improvement now became obstructions.
The old locks and dams were cari-i<'d away in part after a little by floods,
so that when the first report on this river was made by Maj. William
E. Merrill, in 1875, most of them had been waslied away, bnt the raina
of one still constitiited the worst obstnittioB on the river.
There are two railldams, Peck's, 7 mileK below Logan, and Lambert's,
19 miles below Peck's, that still constitute serious obstructions to navi-
gation and have been reported to tbe Department as snch. The author-
ity for their construction in the first place was based upon a permit from
tbe circuit court, and tlieir continuance has been a nuisance and con-
stant damage to the river interests.
The work in previous years has been to cat passage Ways through tbe
2470 REPOET OP THE CHIEF OP ENGIKEERS, U. 8. AfiMT.
old damswhcrc required, make channels through the shoals for push boata
and remove obstructions such as rocks, snags, stumps, logs, etc., exist-
ing in the channel of the river as would interfere with ratting at ordi-
nary and low rafting stages. During the past year tibie work done has
been above Logan, with a view to assisting the running of rafts. The
stream is incapable of permanent improvement, as the obstmctioiia in
the channel such as trees, snags, logs, etc., are liable to lefoiin. The
stream up to Logan, a distance of 81^ miles, nas an average fall of about
22 inches to the mile.
For details concerning the work, attention is invited to the report of
Assistant Engineer B. F. Thomas, attached hereto.
Money statement
July 1, 1890, balance onexpcnded $128.55
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19, 1890 2; ODD. 00
2,iaa.55
June 30, 1891, amoont expended during fiscal year 729. 55
July 1, 1891, balance uucxmmded 1,987.00
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 416.70
July 1, 1891, balance available 98L90
f Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending Juno 30, 1893 5, 000. 00
< Submitted in conipliauce with requirements of sections S of river and
t harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
nF.roirr of mr. b. f. tiiomas, assistant snoinebb.
Louisa, Ky., June 30, 1891,
Major: I have the honor to submit herewith my annual report upon the Guyan-
dotto Kivor improvemont. •
Work waH connneiiced on May 21, 1891, a few miles above Lo^nn.
Olio nx'k bur has hvv.u removed near lVi*r Creek, as well as a drift of some 300 logrn,
wiiile a I:ir«;e ninouiit of loose rock has been taken ont near the shoal at the moutli
ot* lUjx Hull' Creek, so :is to widen the chute.
The ])reseiit ni)i>n)priation will be expended in the improvement of that part of the
river l.vin«jj below Lo«;an, partienlarly with a view to assist the runnini; of timWr
raits aiid loose lojj^s. Tlu-re are several dams in the lower part of the river which, if
lenioN ed, would enable steamboats to navigate all that part of the stream during the
winter and sjn'inix months, and would greatly benciit that country.
It is respect liilly re<M)mmended that sufficiejit money be appro])fiated for the pur-
ehase and removal of Ibest* dams us well as for continuing the improvement of the
ui)per part of the river.
Kcsi»ectfully Hubmitted.
B. V, Tiiomas,
Assittant Enginur,
Maj. 1). W. Lock WOOD,
('oi'ifH uf J'^nyincrrSf 17. S. A,
CoMMI'IICIAT- STATISTICS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1891, aUYAKDOTTR RIVER,
WEST VIRGINIA.
Ton-*.
Timber 60, aW
Miscellaneous 1,128
APPENDIX J J — REPORT OP MAJOR l.OCKWOOD.
IMPHOVKMENT OF LIl'i'LE KAKAWUA lilXER, WliST VIKHINIA.
ITie Little Kanawha dmius tlie ceutral portion of West Virgiuia, ris-
mg in Upitliur County: its conrse is a little north of wost, and it «inp-
tica ititu the Ohio at Parkeraburg; ita total length is about ICO uiilv>t.
Thu Little Kanawha ffavlgation Company owns and upemttu* four
iockH aud daius ou this river, which fiimiah slaukwater uavigation fWui
Lh« Ohio up to a point 2 miles above the village of Burning Spriiig»t,
where the Oiiited States lock is located, but the service of this system
Is vurj' poor, owing to the dilapidated condition of both locks and
damH; breaks and washouts are of frcc|uent occurrence during high
water, and the interruptions t4) navigation in consequence expensive
and harassing.
The present project for the improvement of this river, adopted in
1S7tt aud modified in 1880, contemplates the coustructiuu of a lock and
dam to extend slaekwater navigation for a draftof 1 feet a distance
of VJ miles above the point reached by the Navigation Company, aud
the improvement of the natural channel of tlie upper river liy the re-
moval of obstructions, etc., for a distance of 80 miles, the object of the
latt^'r lH<ing to obtain a channel of a minimum width of 40 luet with a
depth of 2 feet for at least 4 months in each year.
The work of the past season bas consisted of building tlie abutment,
quarrying and transporting stone for the dam, framing tind>er for lo(;k
gates, and filling in behind the land wall of lock.
A contract is in force with T. W. Moore, of Marietta, tor ftimishing
timber fur dam.
It is expected that the balance available will complete the dam and
oiieii the lock for navigation.
No work has been done on tbe upper river.
For details concerning the work done during the past year, attention ia
rpsiwctfully invited to the report of Assistant Eugiuccr li. F. Thomas,
aiipemled hereto.
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance iiiicipi>iiilrrl , $1,029.04
Ainoiiut appropriated by uet ;ippiijviil Si'|il.iiiliiv 111, Ihiiii W.OUO.UO
June 30, 1891, ainoiiiit cxpeii.lrii iliuiu- ti.-<i:il v.^ir 13,713.75
July 1,1891, balance uuoipn.ika 27,315.29
Julyl, 1891, ouMtondiug lial)ilili.-s *l,.n;i,2C
July 1, 1891, amount covered by m Ljipk-t.-.i toiitiu. l,-* :;,»i«.(K(
Julyl, 1891, balance availablo 21,90t;.00
2472 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. AHMT.
Ahatraci ofhidn rerrired and opened January 5, 1891, hy Major'D. W, Loekwoodf Corp9 of
FJnginccnif for oak timber for dam, Little Kanawha River, West Virginia,
Name and address of bidder.
Oak timber.
No.
Sqiuaed
10 by 10 in-
ohe6(210,141
feet,B.K).
Becking,
0 by 12 In-
ohea(116,200
feQt,aif).
Sheetinc,
SbylSin-
ehesOiOJMO
feet^BTM).
T&M,
1
Al<>x. J. Mitchell, Josiiih U. Furtnoy, Burning
Suriiifira. W. Va
Perm,
121.00
83.00
25.00
24.60
1&75
P#rJr.
122.00
88.00
21.00
24.60
l&OO
P^M.
$18.00
88.00
81.00
24.00
18.00
' I7.30S.98
11.80127
2
Marf.clluB Uardiuau, Orlando Hardinan, Allen
Hardman, Gniutvilli% "W. Va
3
4
.Toliu A. Kathbune, llejuly Kipjde, W. Va
John H. Bwlell, Vancebiir^?, I^ewis County, Ky. .
Thomas AV. Mooni. Marietta, Ohio
8,001.06
S.450.S8
8^382.50
The bid of Tliomas W. Moore was accepted.
Abstract of bids received and opened January S6, 189 1, hv Major D. TT. Loekwood, Corpi
of Kngineers, for ironwork for gat^s of Lock No, 5, little Kanawha Eiver, West Vir-
yinia.
No.
Name and address of bidder.
Cast iron,
23,878
poands.
Wronght
iron, 2f 014
pound*.
Steel, 4|
ponnda.
TbkaL
1
Lambert Bros. & Co.. Irouton. Ohio
Per pound,
10.07^
.04
Per pound.
Ptrpound.
10.15
.05
♦8,488.87
2,118.98
*Ji
I'attin, Hall & Pattiu. Marietta, Ohio
The bid of Messrs. Pattin, TInll & Pattiu was ac<*epted.
Abstract of bids reccive4 and opened Fubruary 10, 1891, by Major D, W. Lockwood, Corpi
of KnyinearSf for iron fur construction of dam on Little Kanawha River, West Viryinia,
No.
a
Name and address «>f bidder.
Park^rshnr^ Kanhvan! and Maim-
fachiriiij' Co., Chas. B. Smith •&
Co. (hiMdrd)
I'arkorHlmr;;. W. Va. (not IunuUmI). ...
I'iittiii, Hall .V- ratlin. Mariftta. Ohio
(iiM). Kinscy 6c. (\>., ('inriniiali, Ohio..
Drift bolls,
20.500
pounds.
Per pound,
$0.03i
0.03^a
0.03,-B
0.02t«,
8.&W.
bolts. 1,600
pounds.
Per pound.
B.$0.03,'%
W.0.02
0.04J
0.02.
Bound iron,
r),000
pounds.
Per pound.
00.03V&
0.03
0.02
Bo.it spikes,
3,000
pounds.
Per pound.
♦0.03^^
0.04
0.02^
TotaL
1957. S3
ttl!9,59
1,084.00
084.M
Tho l)id of Messrs. Geo. Kiiisey & Co. was accepted.
REPORT OF MR. B. P. THOMAS, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
Louisa, Ky., June SO, 1891,
Major: I have the honor to roport upon the work being done by the Government
.at Lcmk iVo. 5, I^itllo K:inawha Riv<^r, for tho fiscal year ending tonlay.
Owinjjf lo tho hitenoss of tho sciihoii when the new appropriation became avaihildc,
work was not hcj^un nntil Fohruary of this year, when stonecutting for the abut-
ment was resumed. The ahutinent ha» been completed and the wing walls counter-
forts of the lock have been extended into the bank, so that all masonry is now com-
plete.
Tlie quarrying of stone was begun early in the year for the dam and goide cribs
APPENDIX J J — ^REPORT OP MAJOR LOCKWOOD.
2473
and bae been abnnt completeil. Tlie quarry In Io^aUmI a ahoit hiilf-iiiilti Iwlnw tbo
lock, on tbc lnnd.of Col. T. W, Mmrra.
Tlie rivsi had been well ckiiiicil belwnen loi'k nii<l iiiinrrv, mi llintr III" linnliiii:; of
atoDo nui be ilone with spoiiil anil HUlat;. 'I'ho Ccamiii^ uf tliu louk gulee bau Lcea
outnplotud And the f;atoe oro now being pnt in place-
Work upon tho dam was be^piii tba urat weok iii Jone, but owing to rist« in tbe
river tbo flnt orib, 50 by 100 feet, wb« flonte<l into quiet water for HUfety. It wiia
titkeu biwlc U>U» right position on tbo 15tb and projierly sunk and partly filled with
HtuoD. whan unoihor rbw stopped work upon it tot n few dnya.
Owin|{ to the slipH in the bank behind land wall of lock, vsiined by thewctwenlher
durtnt; itu (.■ouatrnctiun in 1869, a luren anitmiit of earth hud U> be removed. Tbia
baa now been repliiced and is ready for thepuviJiK.
Tbe work yet to be done in the couiplotion of dura, pnving iiud protecting butiks,
wniBt ruction of guide cribs, protection of rivor-witll rouudutioii below diim by Iha
cunBtruction of cribs, protection of bank behind iibutmeut by crilTund riprap work,
and excavation of approaches to lock.
For a better understanding of tbe details of the work dune, refercuve in had to the
following:
Statanfnt of tcark done a
, trot Firginia, daring llu
Work.
A™„,in,.
CMt
R«iimrb«.
Ht. 1 1
MO
4,oas
lU.U
3.U0.ra
B, 770. SO
F b 1 t.
Stone Ui.i In.-.
atcno qmurlad .lu ...
FurlUIiuKcrlLMur<Ua<.
E,S7,=;'.s;tra""*'™*
Tlmbuputingato r H. U..
Tlntm pot In Bam du....
ArM.I.»- ISW.
,..,.
!■"'■■
*t>.JI3
i.sva
r:,»H,l.^.lH 1,5«3
J ! ,«,,!=
11I0,S8S
LM 0/ slmHibanla jili/ing oil /.iltle Kiiauiiha Hiver, flV*! I'ii
K.
,.„,.,.,.
l.i",;:,,! '"■-■«-
Bnailll..
I>epth.
Tonnage.
J.Kme.t«"
1 ,■„,.
Fffl-
FhI.
1
w"Z.Hiu"'p.;^k.t
"IS
J J ■"•
IMPKOVEMICNT OP BITCKHANNON RIVER, WEKI' VIKdlNlA.
Tbe projei* for tlie impntveinent of tliiH atieani, iippruvod m 18S4, is
to clear out that portion of the river between the Tluei- Forks and the
towu of Buckliiiiiiiou, a distance of iiij mUea. The oliBtrncliona roiisist
of logjams and bowldei-s, some of wliicli svts estimated to c^mtiiiii fliXl
cnbie yards.
The project trailed for a channel 30 feet wide.
Buckbannou River is a tiibntiiiy of the Tygmt Valley, and, rising in
the 8outhw6st«vn part of Bandolph Ooiiuty, W. Va., flows a little eaut
of north ontQ it emi>tios in the TygArt Valley Eiver, in Barboor Countj-,
The distance from the Tlirce Forks to tliemmilh i« 47^ miles, and the
total length of the stieam is about 67 miles.
No work was done doriug the jiast fiscal year, but when tbe river has
reached a very low stage it is pi-i)po«ed to esiMiud the balance in im-
proving some of the worst places.
The object of the imi»rovement was to render rafting of logs pos»ible
at a leas stage of water than was ittquired whea the river was in it«
uatoral state.
A railroad has now been com|)leted along the river bank extending
Tip to the timber country, and but few logs were floated down last yertr.
This being the case, it does not st-em advisable that any additional work,
beyond that which can be done with tbe present balance, should be done
towards iraproving the river, morecspecially as the improvement, wheu
completed, would only afl'ord opportunities for rafting during a few
months of each year. No sulditional appropriation is recoouueiided.
Money aUttemffnt.
July 1, 1890, balaiic* nneipen<1<><l Nl.^ii
Anionut appcupriuUd by aut ii[)|iryvod SqJtuiuUer 111, 18il0 1.001), IN'
1.M1.W
June 30, 1S91, amount niioxpeiiilcid duriiij; I'lnral jvnr 17. At
July 1, 1891, balance imuzpendod. . I,ll0t.tl
J J 13.
PEELIMOTAKY EXAMINATION OF HIQ BARREN RIVER, .
ABOVE BOVi'LINO GKEEN, WI'IH A VIKW OF EXTENDINQ
WATER NAVIGATION BY ADUITIONAL LOCKS AND DAMS.
Office of the Chikf of Enoineebs,
United States Abmt,
Washington, D. C, December J, 1R90.
Sir: I have the honor to submit herewitb the accompanying copy of
rejtort dated November 11, 1890, from Maj. D. W. Jjockwood, i^orps of
Engineers, giving results of preliminary examination of Big Barreji
Hiver, Kentucky, above Bowfing Green, with a view of exteudlBif
slackwater navigation by additional locks and dams, made to f^tnul
vitli proviaioua of the river and harbor act approved SeptemtMC J
1890.
■ APPENDIX J J — REPORT OP MAJOR LOCKWOOD. 2475
Major LockwomI reiiorts tliat Big Barren River in not wortliy of iin-
proreDiunt by additioiml lurk« and damn abovii Bowling firtwn. TluH
opinion is coiitiured ia by Cn], O. M, I'oe, Oitri'"*'' l''"S'""'**i''^i I>ivi«ion
KDgiULujr, Northwest Division, and by this ofHce.
V*iy respectfully, your obedient servunt,
Tnos. LiMCOLN Caskv,
Brig. Om., Vhkf of Ungincers.
Hon. UedpielI) PROf'TOtt,
JStcrvlary uf War.
bepoet of majoe d. w. lockwood, coeps of engineeb8.
United States Esginkee Office,
Cincinnati, Ohio, November 11, 1890,
Sir: I have the honor to sabmit the following report of a preliminary
examination of "Big Barrtm River, Kentucky, abcive Bowling Green,
with a view of extending iditck-watiit navigation by additional locks
uud damB."
The Bi^ Barren i» a tributary of Green River, Keutneky, and enters
it at a point li5j( miles above its mouth in the Oliio. The pool formed
by the dam at Lock No. 4 on Green River carries slack-water navfga-
tjou up the Big Bairen to Greenciatle, a distance of aboat 15 miles,
and here are Hituated Lock and Bam No. 1, extending slack- wat«r navi-
gation to a point i miles above Bowling Green Lauding.
In 1881), Lieutenant-Colonel Merrill reported on tlie looation of two
]jMjk» and dams i'or this rit'cr to extend slack-water navigation above
Bowling Green. The assistant engineer who made the survey did not
I()cat« th& first lock of the extension at the present head of pool water,
but 4} miles below, or one-half mile below the landing. The second
lock of tiie extension, <tr No. 3, of the system was located above Drake
Creek and about 14 miles above the Bowhng Green landing.
As stated in tlie report of First Lieut. William L. Sibert, Corps of
Engineers, herewith, should a lock and dain be built at Underwood
Ferry, as rei^ommcnded by Assistant Engineer Fitzhugh, who made the
survey for Lieutenant-Colonel Menill in 1879 (see Reirort of Chief of
Engineers, U. S. Army, 1880, i)age.s 1802 to 1822, inclusive), 10 miles of
the resulting pool of 14 miles would be used up in Citrryiug slack-water
navigation to another point in Bowling Green, one-half mile from the
present landing, so thiit tlie upper lock and dam would be only about 4
miles above Bowling Green.
The stream above Bowling Green is narrow and crooked, and the
extent of country that would be reached by an extension of the pres-
ent slack-water system is, iu my opiniou, too limited to warrant such
an expenditure of money as the construction of two additional locks
and dams would necessitate. Lieutenant Sibert states that the exten-
sion would be through an agricultural country, and that the "further
improvement would not open up sufficient business to justify a steam-
boat in making regular tri]>s up the stream from Bowling Green."
In view of all the circumstances, and giving full weight to every con-
sideratiou concerning what the commerce of this sectiou may become
in the futur<^ I am convinced that the river is not worthy of improve-
ment by additional locks and dams above Bowling Green.
247G REPORT OP THE CHIEF OT ENGINEERS, tT. 8. ARMT.
The report of First Lieut. William L. Sibert, Corps of Eiifriiieers, who
made the exaiiiiiiation, is respectfully submitted herewith.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
D. W. LOCKWOOD,
Major of Engineen.
•Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chii^f of Engineers^ U. S, A.
(Through Col. O. M. Poe, Corjjs of Engineers, Division Engineer,
Northwest Division.)
[Fint Indorsement.]
XT. S. Engineer Office,
Detroity November 12^ 1800.
Resi)ectfully forwarded.
I concur in the opinion expressed by Msyor Lockwood.
O. M. PoB,
Colonely Corps of Engineers^
Engineer^ Northwest Division.
report of lirx7tenaxt william l. sibert, corps of bnoinrer8.
United States Engineer Office,
Bowling Grtea, Ky., November 9, 1890,
Sir : In accordance with yonr verbal directions, I mode an examination of Bairen
River, Kentucky, as far up that stream as the point selected for Lock No. 3, in ft sur-
vey made in 1880, under tne direction of Maj. (now Lient. Col.) William £. Merrill,
Corps of Eugineers, U. S. Army. The sites selected for locks in the snrvey referred
to above seem to be the best so far as I could judge £rom a mere examination.
A lock constructed at Underwood's old ferry, about one-half mile below the present
boat lauding, would give navigation to a point selected for Lock No. 3^ Just above
the mouth of Drake Creek, a distance of 14 miles. Commencing at the present boat
lauding and going upstream the direction of the river is northeast, flien it turns
and ^he direction is southwest coming back to the foot of State street in Bowling
Green, one-half mile from the boat landing, while it is 10 miles around. Bo 10 miles
of tlie 14 in the first pool above the preseut slack water would simply give naviga-
tion around this bond to another street in Bowling Green. The Barren River u a
small, crooked Htroam, running through an agricultural country only, and its fur-
ther iniprovenient would not, in my oj)ini(m, open up sufficient business to Justify a
steamboat in making regular trips up the stream from Bowling Green, and as a cou-
sequenee the river is unworthy of improvement.
Very re8i)ectliilly, your obedient servant,
Wm. L. Sibkkt,
First Lieut, of Unyineen.
Maj. 1). \V. Lockwood,
Carets of Knylneirs,
J J 14.
rRFJ.nriNAKY KXA^^nXATION OF KUSSEL FORK OF THE BIO SANT>Y
HivKi;, ki:nti:cky, with the view of removing obstructions
I'^KoAi 'mK same.
[I'riiilud ill House Ex. Doo. No. 29, Fifby-firat CongrcM, second svssioa.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington, JD. C, December i, 1890.
Sir: T have the honor to submit herewith the accompaDying copy of
report (hited October .SO, 181K), from Maj. D. W. Lockwood, Corps of
Engiueers, giving results of preliminary examination of Bussel Fork
APPENDIX J J — EEPOBT OF MAJOE LOCKWOOD. 2477
of tl)0 Rig Sandy River, Kentucky, with the view of removing olistrnc-
lioiiN fnnii llii) H»me, nnvdc to comply with' provisions of tlio river uml
liiiilii.r :ii t iipi.ntv*.) September 19, 1890.
Miijni l,inlv\vn.)d reports that he does not consider thin river worthy
of iiii|M'iv>Tiniit, :iii>l Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Knpi-
u»'iT, Nmllinist division, is of the same opinion. I concur iiithe viuws
of thi.*i' (irtJcers.
Very respectfully, yonr obedient servant,
Thob. Linooln Casey,
Brig. Oen,, Chief of EngineerH.
Hon. KEDFIELD PEOrlTOR,
Secretary of War.
EKruitT OF MAJOE D. W. LOCKWOOD, COBPB OP ENGINEBB8.
United States ENorNEEU Office,
Cincinnati, Oliio, October 30, 1890.
SlE : I have the honor to submit the following report upon the exatn-
inatioD of Itas^el Fork of the Big Sandy Bivciv Kentucky:
KuMwl Fork is in reality a branch of the Lcvlsa Fork of the Btg
Sandy lUvcr, emptying into the Levisa Fork at a point UO miles fhtm
Lfloisa.
The stream is to all intents and purposes a monntain torrent, and at
the Breaks^ about 12 miles above its month, the fall in so rapid that tlie
nmning of loose logs at any stage of water is unprofltable. The 12
miltu) below the Breaks niifiht bo improved somewhat by tlio removal
of bowlders, etc., which would make it possible to rait or doat logs at a
lower stjige than is now practicable, but the benefits to be derived from
this, in my opinion, are not at all commensurate with the outlay required.
As stated in the report of Mr. Thomas, appended hereto, even push-
bojit navigation ciin not be secured, owing to the steep slope.
Were it possible to float ln^^s tlirousli the Breaks, thus making the
lower part of the strc;im :iii outlet for tlie hirge timber tracts tiiat
border the upper river mid its tiranclics, l!ie improvement would be a
proper one to make, but to iitiprove about 12 miles of the stream for the
purpose of merely fiicilitatrnj: tlie nuirkcting of the timber along that
portion of the streiuii dm-s not scfiu tti be of sufficient imi>ortauce to
justify me in reciuinticuiliuj: iui ii|>|ir(n>riiitiiui by the United States.
1 do not consider the sli'i'iun to be worthy of improvement.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
D. W. LOCKWOOD,
Major of Engineers,
Brig, Gen. TnnMAs L. Casf.v,
Chief of K»iiuirn-x, U. S. A.
(Througli *3oI, (>, M. I'oe, (Jorps of Engineers, Division Engineer,
Korthwest Division.)
U. S. Enoineee Office,
Detroit, Mich., October 31, 1890.
KesiK-dfullv liirwaiiltd to the ofiice of the Chief of Engineers.
Tpon till- nilliiri statciinrit ol' the present condition of Kussel Fork
of tlie Big Saudy Kiver, Kentucky, 1 reach tLe same couclusiyu aa the
1
2478 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. & ABMT. '
district en^'neer, and concnr with him in fhe opinion that the riyer u
not >voi'tby of iuiprovement by the General Grovemmenti
O. M. PoB,
Col(m4sl, Carps of SngineerSj
Divisianj Engineer Northwest
REPORT OF MR. B. F. THOMAfl^ ASSISTANT XNGXKSEB.
liOUlBA, Kt., OMkmrSSf iSSO,
Major : I hrrewith Bnbmit my report upon the examhifttioii of fhe Rnieel Fork ol
Kiix Sandy Kiver, tlio most imj^ortant tributary of the Levisa Fork. It takes ite rite
ill tile Hiindy ridgo whioh divides the Big Sandy and Clineh Riverwaten^ flowing
north woHtorly thronfrh the "Breaks of the Ciunberlandy'' so called, thoiuEh, hi flM^
tlH' Pino Mountain, to its junction with the Leyisa Fork at apoint 90 mi&a fton iU
mouth at Louisa, and 124.87 miles from the moutii of Biff Sandy at Cfatlaitihfnig.
Tlio valley tliroujich which the Rossel Fork passes is oiooke^ nanow, and rongh, but
<iuite fertile. Its long and sinuous tribntaiiee divide the snironndinif ooontEy into
high, rocky ridges, which have veins of ooking ooal showing a thi^nea a4 the ont-
erop of from 7 to 9 feet. It drains an area of 000 square miles, bnt thora i»ao way to
determine its average discharge, as there is no record, so fiur as I know, of iti xahinIL
The mouth of Russcl Fork is the head of steamboat navigation^ ana it is only dar-
ing a freshet that they are enabled to get so &r np, generally stopping vt Ftkerille^
13 miles below, and transferring their might to pnsnboata and wagona. Pnahboati
have run to the mouth of Elkhom, 12 miles np ike Rnssel Fork, but the tftwr ia too
ra])i(l for siKcessful navigation even in this small way, and fbr many yean the fteigkt-
iiig has been douo with wagons. Above Elkhom tne ** breaks'' deotNy the itrer te
any purpose, the running of loose logs even having been a ftlliire^ owing to tiie
rnngli bed au<l rapid current. The 12 miles of river below Elkhom could be pinflta-
hly improve<l by removing the large bowlders so that timber coald be aalUy traaa-
ported. It is estimated that $250 i>er mile, or $3,000, wonldmake tba deafaed iai-
]trovi'ment. It is not deemed advisable to mi^e the improTament te poahboat
navigation, as it is not believed that it can be done with saieW, owteg to tte velocity
of 1 he current at the Bt<ige of water necessary for boats. SvUl, with the leMoral m
the bowlders from the bends, the chutes would naturally be more regalary and it ia
possildei that pushboat navigation could be carried on witii profit and ■aftifa[. I
woiiM. therefore, consider that part of Russel Fork lying below ElkhoDi Cleek
wort hy of iin])rovemont, and recommend that $3,000 be appropriated fiir that impuaii
Kespectfully submitted.
B. F. T&OMAS^
AasUUuU "
Maj. AV. 1). LocKWOOD,
Corjis of Engineers f U. S, -4.
J J IS.
TKELTMIXARY EXAMINATION OF GREEN RIVER, KENTUCKY, ABOVE THE
MOI'TII OK mCr RARREX RIVER. WITH A VIEW OF EXTENDING SLACK-
WATER NAVIGATION ON GREEN RIVER.
United States Enoineeb QFFiCBy
Cincinnati, Ohio, Marek 98^ 1891m
Genei^at.: Undor date of September 20, 1880^ I was charged with
the prelimiiiary examination of Green Biver, Kentiiclcy, above fhe nKmth
(if tlir \Vv^ r»aiTen. provision for this having been made in fhe liver and
liaihor art of Sr]>trinber 11), ISIMK The wordingof tlieactisasfbDows:
<iri'i'ii h'iver, Knihirky. above the month of Rig Barren Biver, completing earrey
^vi(Il a view <ir ('\t<nfliii<r Hiark-watcr navigation on Green River.
I liav(^ tlir honor to submit the following report with refbrepee tothe
general subject:
^^^^^ APPENDIX J J — REPORT OF MAJOB LOCKWOOH. 2479
Since the receipt of the letter above aUndcil to, the Green Itiver has
most of the tune been at t«o liigh a stage to i>ermit of a proper rxarni-
tiatioD iMiiny made, and at the present time this high stage t-ontinues
with no prospect of an immediate change for the better.
In the full and winter of 1879, a survey of Green Kiver was mndo
nn<ler the direction of Maj. Wilham E. Merrill, Corps of EngincerH, the
work eomracnciug at the month of Big Barren and extending upstix^am
70 j miles. Locations for 8 additional locks and dums above theprosout
npiwr lock No. 4, were made on Green Kiver, and maps anbmitted, giv-
ing the general character of the stream, boaidea detail maps of localitius
selected as Iwk sites.
The survey was qnite complete, the stream being meandered above
Honaker's Ferry, near the head of the ptej<ent pool No. 4, and a line of
levels run Q-om pool water at the upper end of the pool to the upi>er
limit of tlie survey.
It has occurred to me that as a survey has ali-eady been made in such
detail it may not be necessary to make an lidditional one, except of
RI)ecial loeaHties covering proposed sites for locks.
At the time Msyor Merrill's survey was made the slack- wrtter system
composed of the four locks and dains on the Green River and the one
lock and dam on the Big Bnrren River, had been leased by the State of
Eentncky to the Green and Barren River Navigation Company, and
excessive tolls amounting to as mucli a« ♦l.SO per registered ton, be-
tween the Ohio River and Bowling Green, or #2.40 for the ronnd trip,
were charged.
No boats but those owneil and wntcolled by the Navigation Company
conld hope to sacceed in Green River, iuid Jljyor MeiTill in his reiwrt
of the survey states as follows :
Bot inasmach as the Orecn Rive
meroe, I certainlj think that it hiiB
appropriation.
As the United States now has pnasesai«)n of tlie locks and dams, the
"Itjection to further iniprovcnicnt i>t' Green River, advanced by Major
Merrill, will no longer ii]>ply.
While the Green River i-Diniiiy iib'ive tlie Big Barren is rich in coal
and iron, and will furnish Lugt' uiiuiuiits ol' valuable timber for years to
i-onic, the extension of sl;ii-k\viit<^r to the limit of the survey is not
deemed advisable ;it the picsi-iit time. Tlie jkh)! of dam No. 4 extends
up Green River 20 miles iibovc the month of the Big Barren. Tool No.
Ti, the lift of the lock being i'^f> feet, would extend upstream 16.45 miles,
and lock and dam No. ti, the lilt beiiifj (Iji( same, ii,s for No. 5, would si ill
further extend slack walci' :i distiiiKxiif ll.O^J miles, or to a point a
short distance above Aliinimiilli t'in e. Two Ujcks and dams would there-
fore extend slackwater navigation to a jMuiit on Green River 47J miles
above the month of the Ittg Barron, and open np the extensive mineral
deposits of the Bear Ci'eek and Nolin River di.-itriets. Above Mammoth
('ave the slope of the. liver incicases and the jhioIs would be much
shorter than heli)w, llms im leasing the cost of the improvement \kt
mile very mil teriall.v. In my npitijut) the river is worthy of improvement
to Mammoth Cave, and fliis wiaiM n-iiuire ilie coustruetion of two ad-
ditional locks and ilanis, Thr liillowing e\tr!urts from the report of
I'rnf. N. S. Mhaler, on lire Hear Cre.k and N.din River minei-al district.s
are made to show the iaiiioitanee of the region that would he opened np
by tlie extension of slaekwaler navigation as ivcuni mended.
Thw t:18k of thfi wi-jitPiil t.:i
the cbarai'ter of the dupoalts i
Kiver coal field.
2480 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ASUY.
80 far onr efTorts have been richly rewarded. In the soetion where onr work hM
hitherto lain, in the territory between Hear Creek and Nolin RlTer, and fiw a certain
distance to the east and wt^st of those streams, we have determined the position and
character of sources of su])ply for furnaces and coal mines nnexcelled by any in the
State. At least two veins of workable coal, of good quality for steam por^osee and
Buflicient thickness for profitiible working, have been satisfactorilv determined.
One of these veins is 4 feet in tiiickness: seems to carry its thickness well; is ad-
mirably disposed for drainage, and could be mined as cheap as any coal in Kentucky.
Analysis seems to show that it will answer well for making coke suitable for iron
smelting.
The point of most interest, however, is the rich and extensive series of ore beds
which have rewarded our search. Not less than five different beds appear at various
points in the heights of the hills. Of these one, a bed of 3 to 5 feet or more in
thickncjv), of oiilitic ore, contains about 37 per cent, of iron, in a very favorable com-
bination for making metal of good quality. This bed has already i>een traced ovfr
an area of about 20 square miles, and will in itself furnish ore for fifty furnaces for
centuries to come. Two other ores promise good results, though, owinff to the
densely wooded condition of the country, we have not been able to trace wem out
the whole area as well as the overlying oolitic ore.
The timber in this section is of excellent quality for the uses of the miner and
iron-worker. There is an abundance of wood suitable for charcoal and for the sup-
ports of mines, etc. Limestone, of excellent quality for furnace use, is found at the
base of the hills, and stone suitable for the masonry of Aimaces can be had at every
point.
I am thoroughly satisfied that this region is full of promise and that it only wants
ca])ital and energy to give it development. With the revival of the iron industry
from the late panic, a restoration which seems just at hand, I am confident that thu
region will come to the knowledge of the world.
THE NOUN RIVER DISTRICT.
In Kdmnndson and Grayson counties, north of Green River^ between Nolin River
and Hear (^reek, is an area of considerable size, called the Nolin Biver District. Hie
oros of x\\'\s district are stratified carbonates and limonites, found near the 1»se of
tht> coal measures. The ore of most value occurs above the conglomerate. Itis about
4 foot thick, and, so far as present developments indicate, underlies an areaof laripe
extent. It is almost wholly undeveloped. A number of years since a small ehaicoal
furnace was established on the Nolin River, but it was so far from market^ and
trans]K)rtation of the iron was so expensive, tnat the enterprise soon fiuled. It ran
long enough, however, to establish the fact that an excellent iron could be made
from these ores.
In addition to the great amount of timber available for charcoal stone ooal oceiin
in the same ro<;ion . This coal is lowest of the series and is of most exoellent quality,
analysis showing it to be far superior to the higher coals of western Kentnel^, which
are the ones most generally mined. The region isnowmore accessible than loimeriy,
as it lies within 15 miles of the Louisville, Paducah and Southwestern Railioady but
the lark of transportation facilities directly to it has prevented its development.
The aggregate amount of ore, coal, and timber suitable for charcoal in tiliis ngkm
is immoiist^ and olFors great opportunities for development. It is one of the moil
richly endowed undovoloi)ed iron regions of the State.
A tracing* is forwarded in a separate package of the Green Biver
from the mouth of Big Barren to a short distance above MammotiiCftve
and of the Big Barren to Lock Ko. 1. Profiles showing the podH, ete^
with the proposed lift of locks as planned are also given. For a state-
moTit of the eommereeof the Green and Barren rivers Iwonld reqpect-
I'ully refer to my annual report for 1890.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
D. W. LOGKWOODy
Major of Sngiieen.
Brig. Gen. TnoMAS L. Casey,
Chief of Kufjinecrs^ U. S. A,
(Through Col. O. ^VI. Toe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer,
Nortliwest Division.)
* Not jiiiiited.
U. a. Knoinkkr Office,
Jkfnnt, ilit'li., March .10, 1891.
tepeetftilly forwuiilisd Ut liie ulHce of tlio CiiioJ' of Eugineers.
'loumU' ill tliu cuiiL-Iutiiotit^ ritaclicillfyMjijnr Luck wood in tliiBrei>ort.-1
O. M. POE,
Ouliiml, Corps of JCngineerg, etc.^
Divi»ion Emjwiem; KoHhwest Division.
BUPPLKMllNTARY RF.POItr.
United States Enginebe Ofi^ob,
Cindnnati, Ohio, Avgunt 11, la'Jl.
teiSKBAi,: Under diite of March 28, 1891, I hail th» honor to subiiilb,fl
_^»l)iirt oil the exainiaatiou of Green Eiver above the month of thef
"Big Karreii, in which I stated that —
Department letter of April 2, 1891, acknowledgiiig the receipt of
above report, contained the following:
As the slream is considered wortliy of imprnvement b; yonraelf and tlie division
ttDKiiia^r, nod no liirther eurvej ia deemed DcceGeiU7, it ia teqiieated that 7011 sub'
mit, at a£ eart^ a Any as practicable, a final report, with ptojeut for improvOiUiaaf'
and estimate of cost.
Th(» following is Bubmittert iu compliance with the above:
The original Bnrvey for the location of Lock No, 5, the first one above
the mouth of the Big BaiTcn, made by Mr. Alonzo Livermore, State
Engineer of Kentucky, in charge of the slaek-wat^r iinitrovciiient of the
Green and Barren rivers, located the site at Floyd Landing, 20J miles
above Lock No, 4, and this same site vn\» selected by Mr. K. H. Fitz-
hiigh, in 1879. The latter selected as an alternate location a point just
lielow the month of Bear Creek.
In like manner Mr. Fitzhugh selected a site for Lock No, 6, about 2^ -^
to 3 "niilea above the mouth ot Nolin Bivei', and an alternate location
was made just below the mouth of that stream. As the mineral de-
posit>4 in the Bear Creek and Nolin Eiver district* are among the most
inipoi-taut in this part of Kentucky it would seem to be advisable to
Aimish as much water to these streams a» [wsi^iblc fl'om the dams on
the main river, espsciitlly as by fio doing the slackwatering of the main
river would be in no wise impaired or interfore'i with, 'Hie combined
lift, of the two locks to carry slack water to Miimmoth Cave is 27 feet;
tliis by Mr. Fitzhugh's first scheme was to be divided equally between
tJie two locks, giving them each a lift of 13.5 feet. This is not essential,
u if necessary, the lock could be given a lift of 16 or 17 feet and the
6 changed to just below the mouth of Nolin Eivei% while the site of
& c<')uld be changed to below the mouth of Bear Creek, and iu this
' both of the small streams he largely benetited. Mr. Fitzhugh
S tiO have been influenced in si'lprtiiL;.'-tlii.' site-; lu' did by the [ihyr*-
Wnditionsof the h.calilifs. tml !V<nii liis ir]>iirt I cmirliiili' llhit"lie
Willis of boring rnon- lliari ](' IV.M WVm ll,r hullnni f..rr.»'k,
ilphere he did mtt l^nd ruck licii'imrtsii. i.'i.tti)>:ii'i ^r|';,.vrl wliii'h woiihl
widl lor a fuumlatiun fur both luck and duiii.
4
34K:> Kici'di.'T iir thk i'iiii;f hf kxijinkkb!*, u. s. army.
iidoptiii^ tlw exiii-t siteu luoi-e ruictiil siict-itil examiiiatkiDit sliuiild I
made, wiIIl lioriiigs, to ileteminit* tlt<> tictiial ttnuilitionx. Tlie <-OHt <
the two liK'ks will \h'. almiit tin* muni*, wlicUicr nf equal »r iiiu-qual Hi
■wlu'iv the (litH'rcm-»* in so Hiiinll. unci tlic «>»tiiiiat« is therfforv \iiude c
tin', basis of one liM-k ol' 1X5 i'etrt litt.
The roiiiiiivrOe of till! u)ii>iH' river will not rtsqiiitv l»rt;vt lotrks tba
on th<- hiw<-r i'iv<>i', iinil heiDidvtt tlu* width of tlie HtJ-eaiii i8 Much thf
tlii'iv is not r<Hii)i eiioiifrli for wider liH-ktt uiid still k^Hve KutHcient Hpi
for tlit> d;tiiis. Till- liH'ks ]ii'oJi'i-t(Hl ant, tlierefore, of the huiiic Ki»-, t
it'^fiiiiU li-iij;tli and widlJi, as Hut liicktt already built f>n U-i-euu Kivu
to wit. Mil t'i'ct lMii^betw6eulinUow<|tioiii»iind34ltie«twi(1tliof rhantlw
with 4 li-t'l on tin* lowvr itiitei-sill.
Tilt' lollnwjii-r is thti estimate of cost of tiH'k aud dam, etc., uuiuiilctt
M:iHr>ii]'v ill iiluc-e, I't'Dieiit, uiul liibor inrliidctl:
1>n':<ai'<iru<'eHtoiit*, 1.3(k!i-ul>icy&T<lM, Ht910.r>r> «23,M1.
aiam- rui'P M»n>>. l,71tt rniiic THTdR. lit «i:t.T;i 2!l, 022.1
i<-kiiiKHt«iH>. J.L'Sl cubic yards, lit 4M.70 »7,3SI.'
CupliiK Htoiic, :£iU ciibii- vaids, at 920.75 B,U7.I
Spn-liil Ninnc, 96 L'libii- .vanlB, at »18.(t5 1,790.'
Owt ..r iiiiismry 00,173.1
Two iiiijKT nnil :! lim-fr i;ittn< 4,0I>0.<
Ci>IIVi'.l»iii ami I'S'-avatloii 6,000.*
Ihmirnllllill'tl' J- 4fl,00l>.<
Ahntim-nl 5.O00.I
tiiiiib- Willi* 10,000.1
Tw«li>.k-li'iiisr>i.Ht *1.fflH)i'n.li 8,200.1
i:iiKiii.-.TiiiKiii»iri.miiiKimii'« 1!!,000.(
T..l:il 170,873.1
LiK-k No. <i, if l<H'at(>d below the mouth of Nolin Itivcr, would, aittin
iufito Mr, FilzIitiKh's ifjiort, be on rock. It is tliouglit that the fomidi
lions for thclwolofkswillnotrost uioretliimaunvi'rat;i>of91(l,(XI0ead
even if Xii.ri in iwtiiblishedoii {;nivel, Hothat the PxtimnhHleoHtof euc
liM'k ciiiiiiiletewonld Imj ?lWI,«t;i.lit), aud tbueost therefore of coiwtnw
iri^ the Inn loeks to earrv sliiekwater navigation to Mammuth Cat
Koiilil lK-'i>;!fil.:M«i.Hi.
Very resiieftl'iilly. your ot)eilie»t wi'vimt,
D. \V. LonKWOOD,
Major «/ Ettfjiitem.
Kiij;. tien. Tllo^TAS l„ ('Asi;v.
(hlifitf Kixjii,,;;-)!. r. y. A.
(Tliiiiu^li fill. O. -M, I'lic. ('iir|w of Kti{;:iiiuers, Mivisiou Kngiiiei^i
r. S. ?:NGiMi:ER OKyiCK,
IhDi'it, Mick,, AwffHat U. ISHI.
I'll III llie ntlii'i- of the ('hief of Eugiuettrs, ui
O. M. Po«,
f '"hiucl, Corpn nf Jlnffiurerg, eh;,
JHciniiiii Kiifjiimr, Xortkteett Divuion.
\
APPENDIX K K.
IMPROVEMENT OF HARBORS ON LAKE SUPERIOR.
REPORT OF CAPTAIN W, L, FISK, CORPS OF ENGINEERS, OFFICER IN
CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE SO, 1891, WITH OTHER
DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE WORKS.
IMPROVEMENTS.
1. Harbor at Grand Marais, Minnesota.
2. Harbor at Agate Bay, Minnesota.
3. Harbor at Dnlntb, Minnesota.
4. Harbor at Superior Bay and St.
Lonis Bay, Wisconsin.
5. Minnesota Point at Superior, Wiscon-
sin.
6. Harbor at Asbland, Wisconsin.
7. Harbor at Ontonagon, Michigan.
8. Eagle Harbor, Michigan.
9. Harbor at Marquette, Michigan.
10. Harbor of refuge at Grand Marais,
Michigan.
EXAMINATION.
11. Allonez [Allouez] Bay nt the west end of Lake Superior, also the Nemadji River
for a (listau<;e of 4 milo« above its mouth, with a view of determining the bcKt
method of iuiproving and making them available as a portion of the harbor
system of the city of Superior, Wisconsin.
HARBOR LINES.
\2. Establishment of harbor lines at
Duluth, Minnortota, Bay of St.
Lonis, Superior Bay, and the adja-
cent wai^erS; Minnesota and Wis-
consin.
13. Establishment of harbor lines in Port-
age Lake, Michigan.
14. Resurvey and relocation of harbor
line in Portage Lake, Houghton
County, Michigan.
United States Engineer Office,
JDuluth, Minn., July 8, 1891.
General : I have the lioiior to transmit herewith annual reports
u|K)n works of river and harbor improvement at present in my charge
for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891.
Very respectfully, your ob^ient servant,
W. L. FiSK,
Captniny Corps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U. 8. A,
2483
2484 RKPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AUMY.
K K I.
IMPROVEMENT OF HARBOR AT GRAND MARAlS. MINNESOTA.
On the north shore of Lake Superior there are very few localities
where safe anchorage for vessels can be found; and Grand Marais offers
tlie only harbor of refuge during storms between Agate Bay and Pigeon
River, the international boundary, a distance of 120 miles. It is not
yet a shipping port of much importance, but it is so near the rich iron
ore deposits of the Vermillion liange that it is probable a railroad will
soon be built to connect it with them.
At present the anchorage area of 16 feet depth is a little over 15
a<nes in extent, and the dredging to be done under the conti'act now iu
force will increase it to about 22 acres. It is compact in shape and fairly
well protected, but this sj)ace is not of sufficient size to i)ennit more
than one or two vessels to maneuver with safety. The harbor is so
small its entire area, 61 acres, should be utilized. To do this in the
best manner would require 500 feet extension of the breakwater and addi-
tional dredging to the amount of about 450,000 cubic yards. The ex-
tension of the breakwater would cost about $100 per foot, or $50,000;
the additional dredging, at the present contract price of 20 cents per
yard, would cost about 890,000 more, which with 10 per cent, for contin-
gencies would make a total of $154,000 to complete this ex(»ellent har-
bor. The original estimate of the cost of improving this harbor was
$139,669.40 but contemplated protecting and dredging only a part
of it
Small repairs have been made to the breakwater, which is in good
condition, except that a small amount of stone has been displaced from
the outer ])oo,kets of tlie cribs, and this will be replaced at once.
Work under the existing cx>ntract (see abstract of bids following) be-
gan on the 6th of June, and to end of the month 29,929.1 cubic yards
had been dredged.
This work is in the colleition (listrict of Diilath, ^linii. Duluth, Minn., is the
nearest port of (?ntry. Th(^ nearest light-honse is situated on tho bre.ak water at
(jrand Mara is.
AHSTKACT OK ArPROPKIATIONS FOK IMPKOVING HAHIH»I5 A 1 CKANI) MAKA1<, MIN-
NESOTA.
By act of Congress —
Approved Marcli 1, 1879 $10,(»0<»
Appn>V(M| Jnnr 14, 1880 10. (Nii»
Approved Mnrch 8. 1881 L»0.(HX>
Tassed Au^n.^t 2, 1SS2 20. (XK)
A])j)roved .hilv 5, 1H81 10. UN)
Ai)pr()vi(l Anijiist n. 1886 10,000
Passed Au^Mist 11, 1888 15.^10
Approved S'pt.'inln'r 10, 1890 22,;^»
'I'
Total 117,350
KXPKNDITURES.
Aniontit ex])«Miil«'d midtr approved jnojeet to .Inne SO, 1>^01 $1^1. IHl. I'l
Kalance available July 1, 1801 2, ToJ.M
i:sriM.vn;s.
Original Cewt iniafed> ainoiint re«|nired t<i e(»ni]dete the improvement $13J'. titW. i«^
Aniounl that can be i»iolitald^ ixpiinbd H^),«mm».(»'»
Al'-ncg HhiU'iiind.
July 1. IWKJ, bnluuii' uui-x|..'iia«cl «1.324,B1
Aiii->iinliii)tiri>pi'ii>t«>l !>} lUit ai<pruve<l Suiitniiilinr W, IMOO 2a,.ial.0O
23,074.61
Jinii. ao, 18SH, uuiuaiil Pspi'niled duriiig llsc»l yeur 71^.(16
July 1, IWl, l)iUiin<<t> iui<-xiicn(le<l *22,888.85
.July 1, ItWl, oiitaMiniUiiK lialjilillta *S,B«[j.8a
July 1, IttEll, unoiiut oovoceil by tmtiomplutiMl ooiitrurl" j'l. ITU. IS
a0,156.00
July 1,1891, baliwce &Tail»ble 2,732.8D
{Amoiiiit (wrimatcd) reqairiiil for ooiuplQelon of eziBtina project 32,310.40
.\iiiu>iiittlinti;iinbeprul1tablyespeiideamflsoa1yMreiimiieJune30,l»<93 100,000.00
Submitted in r(>inptiaiici> with TeqiiiramaDts of lectioiu 2 of rivet and
harbur acta of IHOO uud IKOT.
Vo.
Kuiw OA oddTfu of UdHu.
PdCB
OkRU.
a
ContTnct WHS awarded to WUlinoiB, Dangberty & UpLam with the approval uf
the Chief of Eagineers.
Coatxact dAt«d^ecernber lii, ItjOO^ work to hii romploted by Se[ft«niber 15, lt<91,
in-niff* of vcKicU /:
^^ i c,^-.
Total.
268 268
ue
Rei-ei|Hs;
f;eii.-ral II
Tntal. .
Sbipiii-'iitfl:
UcDtral II
■ii'fii and nhiiippA foe 10 smrt.
T«.r.
Tr<i>H. Vslne.
V«.
Tuo,. IvdM
au'wiiMO
ssi^a
!3l ' VS, iSI
an 1 !ET.WG
BTO M.1fi8
%| ss
jlrHmift and cfenmncM of rntmltfor lOytart,.
Y«..
ArrlTBla.
Ci™™™.
ArriYri«.
•"—t^
isa
1*0
ISM.
ISW.
»g
i
-a
IMPROVRMENT OP HAKBOB AT AGATE BAY, MINNKSOTA.
Agate Bay is a small iiidciitatioti of tliB north shore of Lake Hiip4>riar,
ami though it has ample depth of water it is not protected from tlw
MOHtliwest or from the reverse swells of the more dangerons stnrniK «f
the northeast, but the little seeurity it afforded was auffident to warrant
tliQ constnictiou of exteusive ore docks and docks for the linndlinjc of
merchoudise. The commerce Bonn grew out of all pmportiou to the
Njze of the harboi*, and for the security of tliis eoninieree it wt^ neow-
aary to supplement the natural protection by artificial mnaiis. Two
piers projeoting from either shore wore thtii-ofore proposed, and work
upon ti I e eastern pier was conimeiicfHl in 18)|$7. This pier is now 'WiO
feet in length and the contnwjt nuw in piiigross will ndil aW) feet to ft,
leaving only 260 feel- more to 1»* Imilt lo coiniili;!*; ir.
Thm'is'iK.t v.'t ifTfrrl. sr.ii.il.v IVniri si.N th^vr^l. slorMIN f.T Vri*N.-lH
Ivingilt Ifl.- (Urivll;l.„lisr iIimU, hill it,
tLeh;irl..M';ni(l -;r<'k s.^mirv rl-;..^^ l„-t
olltflilM'd \\\a, lllr [Hillii.li oVtlH'l.lv;ik
than auticiputed, iind eniphasine the a
the remainder of the projected piexa.
The Duluth aud Iron Range Itailroiul contemplate putting in other
large ore docks to the westward of tlioee now built, in which ea^ in niy
opinion, the next work should be done on the we^t pier, and iu order
to give good shelter the entire 9UU feet of it nhonld be roinpleted ; thtt)
voiddeost nbont $135,000, and this amount could be profitjibiy tsxpendiwl
during the yi^ar,
The Iron Uan;;o is the only railroa^l nsin^ this harbor M a shipping
poinU and Mn- liii^inesa of the place is miiinly Hubwidiary to the in>ti ore
intei-cBtKof the Vermillion Range. Of inm ore alone there wen> shipped
from thin port during the season of 1S90, yS4,^I& gross tons.
n-:i.iy
liibili ty of speedily cimiph-lin^
kgalB liny (ki
Mbni.. wliLih JBi
Da tlll*BUUlll pit
wmz
iTw
port «r i-i.lr
A
Rv iii-t n{ CuDgTea* ;
A|i|in.vp.l Angust 5, 1888 / taa.BOO.OO
Pawu-il Aiifultll, I*KS 15,000.00
ApiiWvedBeplember 19, 1890 , 25,000.00
ToW ffl,«».00
AnMiunt (>rpeDded iu>d«T appioveil project to June 30, 1891 38,2S&.79
lialu('«HVivUabl«Juljl, Itffll 2,844.21
Kutimnlwl lunoiutt rnquired to rompl(>te Ihe uii|>roveinent 181,708,00
flsliiiiBteil KUtount required lumiifilly forpitHurviug mul uiauiUuniug wlirn
improvemeot is ooinpl»-t«d 3,000,00
Money statement.
July 1, 18StO, balsnce unexpended (1,980.81
AuiuiiiiliH>propciatedb;Botnpprovod8epteiubet 19, 1890 l!S,no.OO
26,080.31
Jane 30, 1891, aiDOimt espended daring fiscal youf 7S6.00
July 1, 1891, balance Tineipeinied 36,344.21
July 1, 1801, amoDDt Doveied hj onoompleted contnicU 33, '100.00
Jnly I, 1891, balance a vsil able 2,844.31
{Amount (estimated) rennired for completion of exiiitiDE project 181,708.00
Amountthiitcanbenrnlital>lyexpendedintiscal;eMundiugJuue30,1893 135,000.00
Submitted in comT'litince with reqaiiomentB of HDutionii '2 of rivet and
harbor acta of 1866 and 186T.
K>me luid ^dri~93 of bidder.
Price bid pwrnnBiDg
Ko.
Forcrilw.
lnetudiill«
■ iiper-
For.m.
$ui>i.o«
to.oo
ss
Total.
148.00
si
Contrac't wiis award.'cl (.. Ca
of Entiincera.
CoutTM't dat«d Feliiiiary 7, 1
lit'll &. McDoDAld with tbe iipprovnl of the Chief
; v>rk lo be finixhcd by !Iovt»"iwr 1, 1891.
2488 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF RNQINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
COMMKUCIAL STATISTICS, TWO llAHlSOltSy MINNKSOTA.
VesseU arriving and departing.
Year.
1885
1880
1887
1S88
ISSQ - - -
18U0—
Stenni ■.
968
Sail
82
*iHiwiii. tonnage.
*a88
)
740
1,255
1,060
»5,8M
410, ooa
887,500
1,488.000
2,400,000
2, OB, 800
* In addition to these wore numerous north uhore and other boats, and daily boats between Dnlath
and Two Harbora, not inolude<l in this statement.
The decrease in number of vessels and increase in tonnage for 1890 is explained by
the increased capacity of new steamers, rendering a less number necesHary to trans-
act the business.
The Minncsot.'i Steamship Company pnt four now steel steamern into the ore trsule
last year, their increased capacity tending to rednq|9 the number of vessels engaged
while the tonnage increased.
• Vessel tonnage for two years.
1890 ? 025^ 000
1889 2,400,000
Increase 225, 000
Meoeipts and shiptnentd.
Ore shipped
1885.
Tont.
1888.
Tont.
18801
Tbfw.
l>2r..4Hl ruu.age j 3M,252 ' 50»,904 934,054
other freight rc<MMvr«l and HbipiHil lu.sai lM,1>54 6,620 30,362 j 31,731
Total "Jim, 379 a26,:J50 400,872
I I
640,310 K>5,785
1890.
Tomt.
084,2ir»
87,26H
1,021,48:!
EHtimaPcd value of freight I'ecrircd and nhipped (exchtttice of ore).
1887 m^iK^^
1888 212,000
1889 222,000
1890 246,000
KK3.
IMPROVEMENT OF JIARBOR AT DULUTH, MINNESOTA.
THE CANAL OE ENTRY.
Nothing has been done to the canal in the way of iin])rovement or
repairs during tlie year, the ownership still remaining in donbt. The
(j nest ion is unsettled and is somewhat complicated owing in pnrf to
the i'iU'i tliat the deed of the city of Duluth to the lot^ covere<l by tlit^
canal was iiccepted in part only by the act of Congress of August 11,
■ APl'KNDIX K K — REPOHT OP CAPTAIN KISK. 2489 '
ISS8, anil in thn filaiiii>« of Mr, Wilhclm Boeing tfl property not inrlnilod
ill tliw <It-'e(i, Imt wliifli is ulso euvei-cil by tin' oanal.
Sabseqiicnt pfforts to liji\(^ tli* difliriilty ailjiiHtt^d have not i-csiilU'iI
t<ueceH8Ailly aitd the »nliiiH-1 in still in alwynnre.
The head of the HOiitli pier \h very bixily damaged and nee<ls to bo
u\phu't>d with a new 8t rui;t ure m- otherwiMi the Light-boase is in danger
of IHng carried away.
The north pierliead has alno been damiiged but not so badly .is the
other.
There is now in hand about 1^15,000 for repniring the piers that has
been reserved tVom different appropriations for the harbor. Thit*
amount will just about suffice for tiie pierheads, batif expended would
leave nothing in hand, while itwoaldseempnideotthatatleastllOjOltO
should be constantly a^aihible for emergencies.
THE HABBOB BASm.
No work has been done upon the harbor basin daring tlie year, and
no i;omplauit»> of shoaling have been heard. This baein should be ivtn-
sidernbly enlarged, especially where it joins the new channel east of
Kice Point, as boats are constantly backing ont &om one wharf to
move to another, and with probably less than a dozen exceptions ftll
vessels Iwund to West Superior this season have come in ttirough the
canal, and passed through this basin and the new channel over to the
West Sujierior wharves. At least $75,(HM) could be profitably expended
in this work during the next year.
RIOE POINT OHAJmXL.
The dredging for the new channel east of Rice Point was commenced
in 188!), but as the funds allotted were not sufficient to give a naviga-
ble channel through, it was not carried beyond the old dike. When
the last river and harbor act was passed the opening of this channel
was considered of such importance that authority was given by the
Secretary of War to continue the dredging upon the terras of the 1889
contract witliout losing the time necessary to adveitise for new bids,
and an agreement to tliat effect was entered into with Williams, Up-
man & Co., the former contractors. The act of Congress was signed on
the ISth of Sei)tember. and dredging was begun on the 24th. When
work st4i])ped for tlic season sutlicient had been done to permit the
])asBage of large boats with caiefnl handling by tuga.
.\n e\iimiiiuti(m of thechiiiinel made just before the breaking up of
the ice in April last, showed that it had held unexpectedly well, but
had a least width between 15-foot curves of only 45 feet. Work was
resumed on the liHtli of April, aw soon as the ice would permit, the
channel carefully trimmed up and widened until when the funds were
exhansted Way 28, it had a least width of about 110 feet between 15-
foot curve.s. The length of this channel is 1.6 miles, and during the
year 234,3(W.4 cubic yiirds were dredged from it. The present project
ciill.-i for a width in thi.s channel of 200 feet, but in my opinion it should
be at least 400 teet to safely and conveniently accommodate the traffic
now passing through it. The custom-house records show 634 arrivals
and 022 departures of vessels from West Superior during the season of
1890, a total of 1,250 trips, with an aggregate registered tonnage ot
1.541,777 tons, of which at least 95 percent, would liave used this chan-
nel had it been opi'n, judging from the proportion of West Superior
2490 Ki:i»()KT OF THE chief of ENOXNEERS^ U. S. ARlfT.
aiTivals passing tliroiif]Cli it ^^> far tbi:^ season; in addition it is need by
lunnemiis tn j^s, li^lit or with large rafts of logs in tow, and the large ftary-
boats make hourly friitsiii both direotions. It is by far the niOHt impor-
tant i)art of tho harltor iinproveiuiMit at the liead of tlie hikes, and flOOiyOOII
<'0!ihl be pnititablv exi>ended ui)on it during the next fiscal year.
Tlie estimated \ost of the liOO-foot channel was $110,552, of lAich
$G3,(KH) lias ah-eady been aUotted, leaving $50,552 to complete.
•
KOKTH SHORE CHANNEL, ST. LOUIS BAY.
With the 8^>.<>00 abottod for this channel from the appropriation
made August 11, 18S8, a channel of such width as could be made at a
single cut of a dredge Avas d!ig between the deej) watera at Rice Pobit
and Grassy Poiut. Though it has a depth of 14 feet throughout ite
length, its width is not sutiicient to render it safely practicable fof ves-
stOs of ordinary size. Tmi>ortant nuinnfacturing industries are now
located at (irassy Point, and the obliteration of this insignificant ehaii-
nel by neglect would work a great injury to thes4» imiK)rtant interests
and to the commerce dependent uptm them. Aside froifi this it ia a
matter of considerable economy to complete such channels as soon as
possible, and tlnis avoid all exi)ensive i*edivdging. The river aind har-
bor act of September 11>, 181»0, gave .^IW,(KK) for the continuation of this
work: dredging was begun under the new contract May 28, 1891, and
t(» rlune .*W>, IKK.ViO.O cubie yards had bwn taken out. The money in
hand is expected to give this channel an available width of about 100
feet.
The estimated cost of this channel is $1(»3,000. There therefore le-
nniins to be supplied s(>;$,(XM>, which amount could be most advan-
tageously expended during the next year.
PARK POINT CHANNEL.
Nothing has been done to this proposed channcL
HARBOR LINES.
New harbor lines were establisltcdby the War Department, as recoBb
mended by a Hoard of Engineers, and are shown on accompanying chait
niPROVEMENTS WHICH ARE BEING OONSIDBBED.
As soon as the possession of the Duluth Canal or entry is vested ia
the United {States the improvement of this im|)ortant property will l^TV
to be undertaken. The estimated cost of the improvements propotal
and described in House Ex. IHk*. Xo. 217, Fifty-first Congress, tnft
session, is $2,345,842.77.
The dredged areas of the harl>or will require deepening to 20 or fli
feet as soon as this depth is seciu-ed in the navigable channels bdoAi
Xo estimate has been prepai-ed for this yet, as the IJme when it wiD tai
required is indelhiite.
The width of the projected channel east of Bice Point is 200 i
As very few of the recent lake steamers are under 300 feet in lengAu
tliis width of channel is not snflirient to allow such vessels to back 0m
saft^y from docks built along it. and it is ]K)S8ib1c that it will shorlj^-
b«» ne^'cssary to increase its width to MH) feet. This increased dredgilf
wo!iklcost )?100,(MK).
-9 _
Eng91
7
u
I
i-
APPKNDIX KK — KKPOBT OF CAPiAfN FI8K.
Tbe St. Ijouis River above Gniasy Point hiiH a depth nf ovbc lOiVi-t
fill- several iiiilea, and 8 fcet to Fwiiil dii Liw Stalitm. Fmir cir ."i t'ci-t
4aii be carried up to tbe foot of the raphlH, &<)ui whii;h point up t\u-
river ban a fall of abont 000 feet in lens than T niileo. Thn iitilixiition
of this iuimeui^^ wator power haij already btwn comnienwMl, thf hisl
itani, located at ThouiRon, beiiij; now about uonipleted and giving it huiul
of 40 feet, bnt it appears that the exiHt^^nre of a deep navigable i-lianiitl
to Poud du Lae it) considered as essential to the HueneHH of any cntui*-
lU'iKeu ill this locality. N^o etttiniatees, based ii]>on the iieedx of a pros|>ee'
tivM commerce which might be created by the erection «f mannfurt<»ric*
at the fiwt of the rapidn of tlie river, have l»eeu prepared, a« tlip i-wwit
Hiirvey of this river with a view to its improvement has not boeii c^nii-
pleteu.
CONDIflON OF WORK.
The canal piers are in fairly good condition, but need extensive repairs,
particularly the suiierstructtire. The entire work will eventually reqairt'
to be replacHl with more dui-able material.
The ruling ileptbe in the portions of tbe harbor dredged by the Unit«d
States are :
AM.
Inonna) 17
In the inuiT basin or harbor 18
In channel on Durth shore of St. LoiiIh Bay Ifi
Id new ohuintil enst of Rice Point - 18
BtiSLTM^ Vr RHCOMME!n»ATIOS».
For B«zt yew :
For canul piefH - J2fi, 00
Pot th^Riie Point ChHiuifl - UK), 000
ForNnrth ^hotu Chnonel, SI. Luuia Bay 63,000
For enliitgRiui'ut of harliot liaain 73,000
Total 363,000
ThiB work i-
leroll-rlioi, .1
iHlTirt
..r i>ui.iih. MiiiT
,hU-U i
H iiIho t1«'|>'>rt of
lijjhl-h..i.«« i,
.Kil..Ml
r.l 1)11 Ihit outer
mx'l
..rri...
s...itli)>i"tof the
-■iuiopior.
Bv M-l or frill >:l..,-^ «|.i.l..vril—
Miiriha, 1871 $60,000.00
.luno 10, 187a .W, 000. 00
.Vll<>tt<xl from aitt p:isHeil Miir.h :i. lN7:t 36, 049. 20
Ily act of ContfresN auiirovvtl —
.fnni>23. m4 10,000.00
MnrrhS, 187B 35,000.00
AiiKiist 14, 1876 15, 000, 00
Jnml8, 1878 30^000.00
March 3, 1879 25,000.00
Jnnel4, 1880 K, 000. 00
Martha, 1881 40,000.00
By :ictof Congress passed AiiciiBt 2, INM2 45,000.00
By act of Congress approvtd—
July 5, 1884 45,000.00
AnnHBt .>, 1886 56.250.00
By iiPt of Congress pasHcrl Aiijriist 11, 188K 80,000.00
By art of ('ongress approved ;4.ptemliiT 19, IB90 100,000.00
Total 653,299.20
]
2492 iiKPOltr of the chief of EXtilNEKKS, U. S. AKMY
4
Tlie, tollowiiig stattMiK'iit shows the manner in which the approprii-
tions have been exi>endeil. The amount exi>encled under the clifferent
classes of work iuchides the cost of soundings, superintendence, buoy-
ing, and (fontiiigeuoies:
Total amount expeiKlvil to June 30, 1891 :
Breakwater $llQ,OOauo
Canal piers, etc 77,215i.:9S
Dietlpring 408,517.7*
Total 5eO;732.flS
Expended prior to pres<*nt project:
Breakwater l]O.OOaOO
Canal piers, etc 4rk, 096.33
Dredging 1U,%3.48
Total 270,65L81
Expended under present projert (adopted in 1881):
Canal piers, etc 3L 516LiB
Dredgmg 288,56l.ai
Total 320,061.17
Amount required annually for preserving and maintaining 10^ 000.00
Money statement
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $14^015.91
Amount appro]) riated by act approved September 19, 1890 100, 000.00
114^015.91
June 'M), 1891 , amount expended during fiscal year : 51, 182. 19
July 1, 1>^.>1, balance unexpended 62:R33.7S
July 1, ISin. outstanding liabilities $1,267.51
July 1, 1891. amount covered bv uncompleted contract8 4L 324. 83
42,502.31
July 1, 1891, balance available 20,341.39
{Amount (estimated) reij^uired for completion of existinff project 224, 526. 00
Amount that can be protitably expended in fiscal year cncunc Jnne30,1883 263^ 000. 00
Subniitteil in (compliance with requirements of sections a of river and
harlxtr nets of 1866 xnd 1867.
Abstract of proposals rtcrhcdj'or drethfiny in the harbor of DuliUhf Minn.^ opemed fli
Dul^ith, Minn., December 6, 1890,
No.
Name mid luWrew of bi<h1oni.
Prios yar
bidftr
1 I Williiinis. Daiiulu-rtv iV Upliniii, Dnhith. Minn
2 Clinrh'H S. r..irk.T. IMiliitlu Miiiu
14
Contract awarded to Williams, Daugherty d:. ITpham, with the approTsI of the
Chief of Enj^ineers.
Contract dated December 15, 1890: work to bo i-ompletad by October 1, 1801.
F
APPENDIX K K — EKl-OKT Of CAPTAIN KI8K.
L BTATWnOS, DULUTB, UtNSBai)TA.
ArritaU and oIwu-mmm o/MMaUfor 1889 wid ISSO.
USB.
taw.
SodoiUloB.
Arrtrd.
CI«u^
Total.
T,..^,
AxriTil..
Cl«r.
TuUl. |'iV>ituwa-
una
i,o§s
a, ISO
t MB, ITS
183, US
'l«
I.IU
3.237 ' t£U,<UB
ai7 , im.at
Toul
1.M3
!.»»' i.m |s.us.m
1.M
■■"
tBM 'l,T*D.a»4
CDOipanltirf ilu/nnml o/ arrinali and ol«ara«w>, Ij'50 mil li
Tmt.
T— 1..
TonnKg,.
£SX
a.tM
tTu.m
i.m
(
»M,»1
Iliere were no now hno» of tranaportaCiun eatabljalied lost yeur.
iViart^HiI damwNo wnmaifilwi rrcoiiinf ftji (ate, ;SJW.
Corf
Lime and other bnflding itono
Cement BtuI lltne
iieritl meri'bnQiliftc..
Tot:ll
•73S, BBS
* Ths bllliig ntl or Rnl shlpmeala I* du' tn tbn fact tbut the tiRiirra Rivi^ for l\
ihr ixnnscKfnr I>iilulli only, whprpu th« flunrFR given fur thi' Tnrnirr yiura inrliiil
Lip«rior method uf
•2494 KEPOBT OP T»K CHIEF OK ENOINEEBS, U. S. ABHY.
Thu Htoni);;!- i;iipiii-il.v of the Diiliith eloviktor BVHtem is 21,300,000 bnshelii, &ud ti
uf till) Diiliitli elot-aloni proper 12,650000 biiahele. The following table givw
rfi'eiptH iiud Hhipiiii'iilB of wbeiit for 20 yoaiii:
SC.
Total.
...
Bemlpta.
s&.
To.,
nmi.
Tbni.
nw.7M
m.-an
DM, OKI
7M,a35
:TB,g41
isaiflai
KnJI^^Aog.ai^
1
Tom.
MiooO
7S.72S
4T.4«6
i«;h5
&«
Till! Bgirm prior lo 18tM) wore nivtti fnr tbe heal of tha lake (Ihilutli and Sopeiior), thoas ftir
givu lliL' qutDlltiea far Dull
Average vtnel tonnagifbr I
1K8H -
isyi) .
CvBiptiriilif Kliifrmriit o/iirriraU and etearaitcM ofveiMU at Duluth/wr 14 jn
Vi..ir. Arrlviils, | Cininiiin'^.! Total, i Tsar.
Tsar.
Arrival.,
a™™»..
Toll
«88
l.OM
lilOO
1,3KI
003
!«•
MS
1, inn
!:=S
ItWK
1890
Jir'w; of ■rp-irlK iiHii iiiijunix, and duliei in> importi.
I Bxi«t«. j l,«,«rl,. I ^1^^
.. *l.r>3l,T.'>l ! t4ti.Ki:i.i:< r,,"-
1/ Ihioanh III'- t'liitcilS:
APPKNIHX K K — HEl-OKT OF CAl'TAiS FISK. 24!tij
Oftntng ski' ctnlns f,f U'lVipnUoH.
r- ,~.
1—
a«,i>.8.
Ynu^
L-lwlDf.
Snr.M,
IK:i!:
I.— BwtMfritti' U) 18Su drugtr«nlii Anuuiil Ui>i'urt of iheClkiBf of Eugiimni
K K 4.
, l.OUIS BAY,
Thi> nutiiral cliiiim«l comiectiiig 8ri|ierior Bay witli Lake iSuimrior iti
at the wiiillieru extri'tnity of Superior Bay. ' It was odgitiully ob:»tructed
hy oliiflJng bam Willi wiiri'i^lx W '"set of water over tlivni, to remedy
which the citizeus of Sujicrior, jn-cvious to IHttli, lia<i imide Korne at-
tempts at pier work, which wan siibseqiioatly taken hi hand by the
Uikited States and mo iinproveineats continued iiulil tliu pier« have
reached an aggrogate length of 5,1*50 feet.
When the improvement wa« eommenuod 13 feet depth in the channel
was more than sufficient t« meet the retpiiromeuts of the largeiit vea-
■els. This depth has been increased and maintained for some time at
17 feet and at no di^^tant day will have to be still further iucreasod to
23 feet. The crib piers whiih deflne this channel are in moat part
badly conditioned for the present depth of 17 feet, they havi;!^ been
intended originally for not over 12 feet. A fiirther inerea«e in the
depth of the channel may possibly make it neuessnry to rL>pla4^'H snch
with bt'ttcr i»roiK>i-tioned structures.
In the me:iu time the su]>erstrnetnres will have to be extensively
repaired. In fact, extensive repairs ace urgently needed now, but the
915,000 lu'ld in reserve for this purpi>se is nut safely sufficient to meet
the damages liable to result from a single severe storm. It is in reality
an eiuergeiii-y fuiul, and until something more is in siglit can not be
properly nse<l in making general repairs. It is in tlie interest of econ-
omy as matters stand at present to imstpnue all general repairs to the
hitt'st iiiotiifiit landing the eonsitleration of tlie subjeiit of reconstruc-
liou. but it is hoped tliat the greater portion of the present sat»strue-
iiiM' cribs ran be retained. In any event it will be necesmuy to laain
tain a reserve fund tor repairs of all kinds until the general repairs are
.imipletwl. At present this should not lie less than #15,(H«».
Tlie shore on the Wisconsin side is advancing rapidly, and soon the
sand which drifts aroniid the end of the Wisconsin pier will necessitate
the extension of thi.s jiier, If this extension is to provide for -11 feet
ilepth it will cost J-Wj-'iiMI.
CHANNEL Iti SIJPKRIOR BAY.
The channel in S»|)erior Bay has iieitl
[H'rmit vessels to reach (Connor I'oiiJt s;i
tug or lo»!al pilot, though its comlitioii li
past few years. Its present condition i:
map.
ilircctncss nor width to
lOTit tlie assistance of a
vastly improved in the
ou the accompanying
2496 BEPORT OF THE CHIEF Of
In ov(\tM- tbat veeaels may navigate this chamiel at all ihu
is oasontial that it be widened and straightened ooHsidei-ably.
During the uext year $50,000 coald be advtintiiguoii^}- t
continuatiou of this work.
QUEBEC DOCK OHiJ^KFlL.
So work was done on this channel daring the year.
THE NEMADJI BIVER.
The commerce on the Nemadji River is increasing, owing to the 1<
tion npon its banks of sawmills and brick kUns, which depend i^'
the water triinsportatJon it affords to get their products to market.
The bar at it« mouth is a werions obstruction and was dredged dni
May last, but \rill probably require i-edredging each year after the w '
floods to initintaiu a servicable channel; this will reqiitre aboob f
annually.
CHANNKL ALONG WISCONSIN DOCK LINE, ST. LOUIS 1
The projected channel between Connor Poiutand Grassy Polo. „
the West Superior dock line will be about 12,000 fleet in length; f
testis now navigable and the contritctin progress will add ti> this afi
a,000 feet which will Imve a width of 50 or 60 feet.
The portion of this channel in the vicinity of the Northern Pu,
Bailroad bridge where the principal wharves are located is now b^
widened with the intention of having the north openingof this drawl
dredged out. 1
During the year 58,922.7 cubic yards have beiMi dredged in eiteud
and 51,453 cubic yards in widening the channel. |
The width is hardly sufficient to permit vessels to enter or leavtt
dock slips safely. There is great danger of their colliding witM
farther bank and iigunng their steering or propeIlingapi)uratU!4iud|
tills. Furthermore, this uioveineiftis a slow one and practically blocks
chsuineluutil the maneuver is completed. Tlie clmnuel should be widd
to 4tH) feet in the vicinity of the docks. The Ruin of JSO.IHW could
judicioiitily expended in the improvement of this channel during]
ensuing year. I
POSSIBLE DEEPBNINH OP 0HANI4BLS.
AM thechnnnels in Superior and St. Louis bays will nltimat^ly renj
deepening to 20 feet as soon as this dupth is secured in the cbanuf^la
low. \o estiniat*^ of the cost <if this additional work has been pre)>d
yet, as the time when it will be necessary to do the work is indelio
COJiUlTION OF WOKK.
The entry piers are in fair c^mditinu but need extensive ivpHlrK,
ticularly the 8UperBtru<ture, to reiidci- them secure. The Ih-ih-Ii pni
tion is still intact although insulKiii-nt. The roliug de)>lb« in
channels dredged by the Unite<l States are
Froml'ouiuirH I'liim totlwrviilry
rram Nurlliurii Pui^ilir Biiilrom) Hix-k t" tlm riitn
In (Villi t.nl' Qii(>l>ni' llm-li ._
Tbruughtmt tlio oiitt>- lii:tn-L-<'ii piers
Channel iu St. LtnusUnj
APPliNDIX K K — RKPnilT OF CAPTAIN F18K.
For rwwtvo liiuil Hir lutrj jiiers f IS: 000
For Kxtu union uf tin- Houtli piur of eutry 30,500
For tlie uliannet in Superior Bay 50,000
For ilredeinfj at tlin mouth of thti Neuiailji Hirer 5, 000
For uhKinel in St. Louis Bay 76,000
-Total 175.B0O
Soperior, We«t Saperior, imd Cohuots Point mu iu llie collect ioo iliHtrict of Sniiurior,
Wi«., Mnniuotte. Mich., being the port of t^ntry. I'lic lieftreBt light-housH ia situiitM
01) the oilier enil of uortb pi«T of the Superior enlr;.
ABSTRACT on APPROPK1ATION8 S'OR IMPEOVISG HAUDOIt AT StTPKUIUU BAY AND
BT. LOUIS BAY, WISCOKfllN.
By mil of CongreM approved —
MurvhS, leB7 SS3.000.00
AprUlO, 1889 4r..000.(»
July 7, 1870 iO,000.00
Match 3, 1871 00,000,00
JnnclO, 1873 .^,000.00
Allotted from act approved March 3, 1873 63,950,80
Allotted fmm ftppropriiUion for " repairs of hubom on DortJiBm IhIcm^'. 5,133.00
By act of Congmwi approved —
August 14, tS76 3,000.00
Juno 18, 1ST8 3,000,00
Miirrh 3. 1879 .— . 6,000,00
JoueU, J880 5.000,00
MuTcli3,li«l 10,000,00
AnKHirt a. 1882 lO.OHO.OO
Julys. 1884 45,000.00
AngrotB, 18S8 2a,5O(1.0O
Hv Mt nf CoiittruHa )iWMed AuKUst 11. 1888 SO, 000. 00
Hy Wit of CougTiMK uppruvi'd 8cptvmbi-r 19, 18M S, ODD. 00
Totnl D75,W8.80
Amount expend eil under nrittiual prnjuct aduptod in 1887 258, 000. 00
'iHiuuiil oxiioii'loH iiiiflor prnjcct r(!r(nniin.iiil..ii lij I(..:ird of Kiij?iri.-iTM in
1873 77,,113.26
Ati...iint .■xpoudeii under piuBeiitpruJ.Ttlo .run.. :«). IW)1 1813,455.43
Total 517,068.69
The rolliiwinp: stjitPiiR-nt shows the iiiiinuer in which th« a]>propria-
tioii.H liavr l>eeii uxpemli'd. The iiinoiiiit cxpriidcil umlcr the dilfefviit
(lassos or w<irk iiicludns the v.o»t of i-xainiiinti<iiis. soniiilingB, siijieriii-
li-nilvni:*.', buoying, aud I'lmtiiiiii-iK'ii's:
Repuira :hi.1 bi-a.-h prot.-i-tion $13, 233. 00
C<mBtm.'lionandrepiiiv8lopi.rr» 318.443.53
DredpnK 186,292.16
Totiil 517,908.69
Money stateme-iit.
July I, 18!t0, biil»Li.;c iiii.'\|i.'M.iv,l f Hi, (150.54
Amount ap|iropri,-itfrl li\ iul. iijiproved .Stplcmber lit, IM!"i UTi.OOO. 00
81,050.54
June 30, 1891, iimount expended during- Iih. ii I > .■;.!■ 9, 375. 89
.July 1, 1891, balaiir,- iiii.-x|ii.'ii.l.'il 71,674.66
July I, IWM, bahtric-.- aijiihilil,- ;a,(iW..'¥7
ENG 91 157
2498 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
{Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project $226, 736. 00
Amoonttliat can be profitably expended in fiscal vear ending JuneSO, 1898 175, 500. 00
Submitted in compliance with requirements oi sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
Abstract of proposals received for dredging in Superior Bay and St. Louis Bay, WisconHn,
opened at Duluih, Minn,, February 10, 1891,
No.
1
8
Name and address of bidder.
Williams, lianeherty 6l Upham, Dnlutb, Minn.
Charles S. Barker, Dulutb, Minn
Prices Udfor
dredffingper
cublo jara.
OmU.
}?
Contract awarded to Charles S. Barker, with the approval of the Chief of Engi-
neers.
Contract dated March 11, 1891 ; work to be completed by October 1, 1891.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS, SUPERIOR, WISCOKSIN.
Arrivals and clearances of vessels for £ years.
1800
1889
Increase
Year.
Arrivals.
634
Clear-
ances.
•822
Total.
1,258
908
Tonnage.
1,541,777
1,122,048
•I «•[
868^ 419,729
Average vessel tonnage.
Tons.
1890 1,228
1889 1,247
Decrease 19
Of the number of vessels reported above for 1890, 1,068 were steam and 188 sailing
vessels.
The storage capacity of the Superior elevators is 8,300,000 bushels.
Shipments by lake of leading articles during the season of 1890,
Tons.
Wheat 249,288
Com 40,293
Oats 22,082
Barley 883
Flour 138,339
Total 450,885
Beceipis by lake for ISiH),
Coal 1,045,000
Total of receipts and 8hi2)inuii ts 1, 495, 885
APPKNDIX K K — RKrORT OF CAPTAIN KISK. 24ll9
CetHparative ilattmeul 0/ rrnviplo aii Mpatmt'/or 7 jfMr*.
Ytmt.
VsmdU.
MM
3I«
T0BB.««.
\.^.
t™™^
SI
8U
i,n«
KKs.
IMPROVKMBNT OF MINNKSOTA POINT AT SUPERIOB, WISCONSIN.
The iipiiiiivcfl [itiiject for tills imrovcmeDteiiiiHist«dm biiiliUug aboilt
1,000 feet of Hiiiid fence uuar the oUI light-house on the suathein ex-
trAinity of t)ie point to catch the dritling sand itiid prevent its blowiug
over fiittfi the Huj»erior channel, which is very close to the shore of the
IMfiiit in this ncinity. and about 200 feet at h low and narrow part of
the point, known as "The 0[)ening," about 2 miles nortli of the old en-
traiiefl, to form a bank which would prevent the lake fioui cutting
ttirougti into the bay during storms.
The fcnees were built iK'Cordiiig to the tiluns published in House Kx.
Doc. No. 51, Fifty-tiret Congiess, first session.
Work was begun by the coutrnetors shortly before the opening of
navigation and linal payment made May 31, 1891.
Tbis work is in the colltitaloii ■[istrict of Diilutb, Hidd, i'tie nearest ligbt-liotu*
is uituuted on tho miter end of north jiier of the Superior entry.
Money statement.
Amount appr«[iviiited by ftvC approved September 19, 1890 $4, 895. 00
June 30, 1891, » mount expended diirioK fiscal year 4,526.59
July 1, 1891, balanre nnexpendud 368.41
Jbilraet of propogals received for constructing 1,£ IS linear feet 0/ land ftnc€» o» Minn&-
Mta Point, near Dalath, J/ijin., 0jie>iecl at Duliitli, Minn., February S7, 1891.
I I Price bid I
Ho. Kane uidadilroH of bidder. per run- TaUI.
Inlngroot.
1 Williun Z. P»rtel!n, Wmliinatun. D. C tS.7B ' »4.5»ft(>»
1 ' Henrr P. Wdl^uid iinJ Johu F. St:hleun<«, Diiliitli, Minn I 4.81 I b,Sa.»
3 I ADEua W. Shav and I'^ward Malmoey. Uiilulb, Uiiin I S.W' a.nB.W
* ' CunplwUiiMclVinaW, Duliilh. Minn ..' S.li 4.l«9.ia
S , llo[Ti»n A MrOtrgur. Duluih. Mlun 1 'i-K I i,m.M
Contract awarded to Campbell & McDonald witb the approval of the Chief of
Kiiaineent. '
Contract dated March 24, ItiSl ; work to be completed August 30, 1891.
K K 6.
IMPROVEMENT OF UAIiBOB A-^ASHLAND, WISCONBIN.
Asliland Harbor comprises :i portitni of Cliequamogon Bay, It was
not thoroughly protectpd from tbi< storm-wnves which rolled into tlie
bay fi-ora its moutlt or from the waves generated in the bay itaelt', and
iiccordingly a revised pritj wt for a breakwater 8,000 feet long. »« located
ill the bay as to give the requisite simlter, was approvwl Fobmary 9,
1889. Of this breakwater 4,050 feet wore built during that seamm,
It was deemed to be ratlier flimsy, but has stflod the bnffeting of the
,' storms and ice better than was anticipated. The slab filling settled
' considerably, but not nmeh more than waa to be expected, and 50 foot
, of the outer eud was swept away by storms and ice.
Considering that ttie work is something of an experiment ita siict^ees
, Is quit« ttatteriug.
Mmli apprclieiision was felt that the crowding of the ice, due to the
f- exjmnsioiis in<adent to variatiousof temperature, would ci-ush or displace
L'^lus rather ft-agile (^oiistruction, bat these fesirs were not realised, and
l.'it is possible that this very ability of tlie structure tu yield slightly to
* pressure has proved its safety. The repairs in progress at date of laKt
Annual Eeport were ivjmpleted in Septeniber Uist and ut the opening of
this season tlie bi-eak water was fouud to be in gmul condition.
Its length is baiiily snffident to give protection to all the wharves of
the city, but its infineuce in diminishing the turbulence of the waters
of the harlHir is distinctly apparent. The contract n<)W in progress
will extend the brealiwater 1,080 feet and close the breach in Chequa-
megon Point, with a brush and stone diiie. To build the remaining
y,320 feet of the breakwater, estimated at present conti-act prices, will
, cost ^$94,000, luclnding probable necessary repoii's and cuntingeiicios.
L A hai'bor line ba^ been eatablisheil by the oitj', but there is not a uiii-
formity of depth along it. To give a ciiannel 200 feet wide and 17 letit
deep tUong this dock Hue iibout 125,000 cubic yards of mateiiiil will
have to be excavated. Thii^ will coxt 993,500, provided uo rock is eu-
conntered.
All examination of the breach in (Jhequainegon Point was made In
March, 1890, and the ihnngts which have taken jilin'* since 1887 were
determined as a<^'<;unitcly as possible. The results of thisexamiuatiou,
with estimates for ii diiiii t'l close this opeuing, were submitted to the
Ohief of Ejigiiiccis ]^Imi'h, 15, 1890, approved, and tlie work included
in the coTiti'iicr I'lr lliis season.
The priniipjil sliiimirrits from Ashland are iron ore and lumbei'.
There is :iii inm inniaiii and general machine shop in operation, i
it is presumed that tin- other enterprises which are expected to 1
hi^re will mat^'rially increase the shipments of mauulHctured artiij
and general merchandise.
There has been expeuded during the year just closed ^17,451,24 i
tlic trotttl amount expended under approved priyect to date is977,737J
lUiCOMMKMiAI'IONH.
[ For 2,320 root eileiiHloii to Iho briuikwiit.cr ''^fl
L For rnpalrs Bud ruiitiiigenniea ^sH-
?i Fw^drodgbg 93,609
Total -
This work in in tlin r«11(>i'tion i11«trii:l. «r8<i|H>riui. MirL., MHn|ii"Li>*. Mirh., b
■■-■■ li»rtor«nM-y;liciu'(«tll);li(>Iiiiiim^l,u !'i.i..H',uii ('lir.i.iiniii-jtMiih'l ' ' " "-
I'hrajuonuigiin Uaj.
APPEXPIX KK — RKPOUT »»K CAl'TAIN PIt»K.
•2501
ABSTRACT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR IMPKOVIN<I HAUBOK AT ASHLAND, WIS<nN.SIN.
By act of CoDgress approved An^Rt 5, 188f> $22, 500
By act of Congress of Angiint 11. 1888 60, (XK)
By act of OoiigreBs approved S<'pt«'m]»er !{♦, IWM) GO, 000
Total
142, 500
Monekf sfatntirnt.
July 1, 1890, balance nnexpeiuU'd $22, 213. 1 4
Amount appropriated by act approved S<»j»tcmlH*r 19. IsiH) 60, iXH). 00
H2, 213. 44
June 30, 1891, amount esqieiided tlnrin*; lisrjil ymr 17. 451. 24
July 1, 1891, balance unex])ended fit, 702. 20
July 1, 1891, amount covered by imcomplotod cnntnn t»» 51, 276. 00
July 1, 1891, balance available 10, mi 20
Amotmt (estimated) required for roin]>]»»tiou ol'existiii;^ IMojcct 187. 500.-00
Amonnttbatcanbeprolitably f>\]H'ndcd in 1isralyo:ir»»THUiiir.hiiir:?0. \H\Ki HX), 000. 00
Submitted in compliunce with reqniroinentsot'sjM'tions 2 of rivt-r and
liarbor acte of 1866 and 1867.
Jhatract of proposals received for construvtinff hreakwater and hnil(Hnff brHt<h and atorie
dtkeai AshJand, JVis.j opened at Duluth, Minn.y February lj\ JSlil.
Ko.
I
2
3
4
6
6
7
6
Name and address of bidder.
Priccfi bid
for bi'j'nk-
, water, per
riiiiiiin;;
I f(H»t (l.'J60
: ivv.\).
Totjil.
Prices bid
for briisli
iiiid Htone
dike, jHT
rtmiiing
fool (4,2(>0
feet).
Total.
Tramin St Cooper, Manitowoc. Win
Zimmerman, Truax &- Co., Daluth, Minn
Sane, Thomas &, SanjE:, Diiliith, Minn
Heiaenreich Co., Chieauo, 111
Joseph Wolf, Dnluth, Minn ,
Dsns AFerffuson, Ashland, Wis
Morrison St. McGregor, Duluth, Minn
Hngh Steele, DuluUi, Minn
$•3, 30
:{r>. 40
32.65
29. 48
35.07
28.00
:{7.00
25.95
$30,918.00
44, 717. 00
41, 139. 00
37, 144. 80
44. 188. 20
35, 280. 00
40, 620. 00
32.697.00
$11.00
6.31
$40, 200. 00
26, 503. 00
6.80
28,560.66
7. 2.") no, 450. IK)
6.25 I 26,250.00
Contract for conatnicting break wator and brush and stone dike awarded to Hn^h
Steele with the approval of the Chief of Ku<]fine(irs.
Contract dated March 2, 1891; work to bo completed by October 31, 181U.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS, ASHLAND, WISCONSIX.
Arrirals and clearances of vessels for two years.
Year.
irao
18(»
Arrlv- , Clear-
als. ances.
.■ 2,240
Increase.
.inrafft n'sseJ 1oh)ui(/c.
1889
1890
Decrease*
Total.
Tonnaffo.
4.489 : 2. 750. (HK)
3,171 I 2,5(KMHiO
318
250, OVO
Tons.
788
613
175
•Dne to increase of .sailing era ft employed in the lumber tvud^.
2502 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
Principal articles of export and import for 1890,
Export*— TiBM.
Iron ore 2,0KI,368
Pi|riron 19,000
Muiiut'uoturod iron 13^282
Ice 3,077
t>tone, hnilfling S.flM
Lnmhor UH^HB
.Shiujrles 1,300
Lath 4,250
Ruilroail tioH 2,006
Tele^aph pules 1, flS7
Posts 1.161
Graiu 3d, 086
Flour aOA
Total 2,387,219
Imports —
Coal 469,000
Iron and 8te«l rails • 7, OflO
Salt 10^188
(Vmcnt 3^450
Total 479,706
Total receipts and shipments !br IWK) 2^ 816^
Comparative statement of reeeipit and shipments for f^mr jfmtn.
1887 1,401,464
1888 1,367,472
1889 1,971,213
18iK) 2;81^aN
Arrivals and clearances of vessels for four yean,
1887 «2
1888 2;3R
1889 -V Sm
1890 4^481
KK 7.
IMPRnVKMEXT OF HARROK AT ONTONAGON, MICHIGAK.
In 1887 the Oiitoiiagou River, which forms the harbpr, had fiuily
deep water in it, but its month was obstructed by a bar which had but
7 feet depth over it. Tlie project adopted then for the harbor it offered
was to buihl parallel piers projecting into the lake on either side of the
river's mouth, the expectation being that the current of the liver woaU
have sutlicient ibroe to maintain a depth between the piersof 12 fiwtor
more. This exi)ei'tation has not been fiiU^ realized, although the pioit
are nearly of the proi>osed length, the east pier being 2^15 ftet ii
length and tlie west pier 2,67r) feet.
It appears that the river, during the spring freshetSi is heavi|f
charged with sand, and the bar at tlie entrance forms asfitstasths
piers are extended. The channel which the river is able to maintain
througli tills bar is shifting and uncei'tiiin.
Unless tlie piers can be s])eedily extended into deep water, which,
owing to tlie gradual slope of the lake bottom and oonsemient great
expense, is hanlly practicable, it does not appear advisaUe to oany
•
APPENDIX KK — ^REPORT OP CAPTAIN FLSK. 2503
the pier work any further at present. Tlie iniprovoniont of tlio liarbor
can pjx)bably be more economically pnrsutMl by <lrt*dging a clianuel
through the bar ea<*]i year.
The i)ortion of the piers composexi of piling is very inueh deeayetl
and needs replacing. This will cost 415,600. The dredging will eost
$15,(M)0 annually.
The contract now in progress will complete the superstructure, and
a dredged channel through the bar has just been linished, together with
some di'edging between the piers.
The anumnt expended during the year was $952.17.
The total cost of the improveiiu^it 'to June 30, 1801, was I>302,7a3.13.
As a result of the improvement there is just now a channel with least
depth of 16 feet, but it is likely to shoal again. 24,488.8 cubic yards
were excavated from the channel.
This work is in the coUectioii district of Superior. Mich. ; nearCvSt port of entry,
Marquette, liioh. A light is shown oii the outer end of the west pier at Ontonagon,
Mich.
ABSTRACT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR IMPROVING HARBOR AT ONTONAGON, MICHIGAN.
By act of Con^jress —
Approved March 2, 1867 $97,600
ApprovedJuly 7, 1870 10,000
Approved June 23, 1874 23,000
Approved March 3, 1875 25, 000
Approved August 14, 1876 15, 000
Approved June 18, 1878 15, 000
Approved March 3, 1879 17,000
Approved Juno 14, 1880 15, 000
Approved March 3, 1881 20, 000
Passed August 2, 1882 20,000
Approved July 5, 1884 15,000
Approved August 5, 1886 13, 000
Passed August 11, 1888 12,500
Approved September 19, 1890 10, 000
Total 308,100
KXPENDITniKS.
Amount expended under apnrovo<l project to dn t <• $302, 783. 13
Balance available July 1, 1891 2,061.87
Estimated amount required annunlly for pr(>s(>rvin^ and nmintuining
(dredging) 15,000,00
Estimated amount required for repairing ])ier8 15, 600. 00
Total 30,600.00
Money statement,
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $1, 942. 1 1
Amount appropriated by act approvt-d ScpteiiiUer 19, 1h;»0 10, 000. 00
11,942.11
June 30, 1891. amount expen<led during fiscal year 952. 17
July 1. 1891, bahinee unexpentled 10. 989. 94
July 1, 11*91, outstanding liabilities f.\ «)7.*>. 07
July 1, 1891, amount coveretl l»v uiHMunplett'd contiactN H. L^"^^^. 00
8, 928. 07
July 1,1891, balance avai lable 2, 061. 87
<
'Amount (estimated) required for completion of exi'it lug i»roject 55. 670. 00
Amonntthatcau be profitably expeiuled in tisral year ending .luneliO. 1S9:$ 55, 670.00
8ubmitte<l in eonipliance with n'tpiircnuMits of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 18(k) and 1867.
2504 RKPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGIXKER.S, V. .S. ARMY.
Abstract of proponalM troni'cd for VuUdhig Huperstruetiirv and for dredging at OntonagoHp
Mieh», opened at iJnluth, Minn.y DariHher S\}, 189().
No.
Nume ami a«l«li*i«sf« of hi«1drr.
1
•>
6
A.& I). Siuiir. l)iiluth.Mhin
A A). MorriHoii Jk: H(Nlm'irk McGivgor, DiiluMi, Miini
Williainn, D:iii*^li('iiy Sc irpliam, Diihitli, Miiiu
Snpei'Htructiire.
ing. price ! Price
Ikrrirnbic; bid, per
vard. ninning
foot.
Total.
pi. 'J4|
f 2 1.70 $:{.2rirt.oo
22.00 I ».3UU.U0
(,'ontr:vrt for 1)iiil<liiig supers tnict lire awardtMl to A. &- D. Sang* with the approval
of the ('hio.fot'Piiigiiieerfl. Coutraet dat^Ml Jiiiniary 1^4, 1891; work t-o be fiuinhf^d by
September 1, 1891.
Contract for dretlgi UK awardoil to WillianiA, Daugherty & Uphara, with the ap-
proval of the Chief of Ldgineers.
Contract dated February 2, 1891; dreilging t.o be completed by AuguHt 1, 1891.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS, ONTONAGON, MICHIGAN.
Not being able to obtain the statistics for the years 1889 and 1890, I append the
statistics printed in Annual Report for the calendar year 1888.
Arrivals and clearances, of vessels.
1887
1888
Tear.
Arriv-
al8.
Clear-
anoea.
174
lao
174
120
i
Tonnage.
222.000
188.100
Principal articles of export and import.
Articles.
Exports:
Liiiiiber
Copper
Fish
General merrhuiKli'^r
188]
1888.
Tont. TVmx.
28. 921» 42. h-'.-^
110 u.-s
140 IJ
200 I US
Total 21», 388 . 4a3, 111
Imports :
(JoiuTal inerchandiae
( Jrain
Flour
Moats
Salt
(loal
Live stock
Dressed IuihImt
1.600 : 1,605
tJOO
.'i04
26 :
47 ;
'KM) j l.O.V)
! 'j«i
Total 3. 277 i
2,763
APPENDIX KK — REPORT OF CAKrAIN IMSiC. 2505
KK8.
IMPROVRMKNT OF EAOI.K HAKUOR. MICIIK; VN.
This harbor was improvcMl in oidrr to Ibnu one of tlie hnrbors of rci-
uge for this shore of Lake SuptM-ior. The entnnu-e to tin* snucll hay
which fonns the liarbor was obstnieted by a rock Unh^o havin^j: but SA
feet of water over it at the shoalest [)art.
Tlie project for its improvement was adopted in is<><), but was modi-
fied in sncce^ing years so that, as carried out, it i)rovided ibi- a ihan-
nel tlu-ough the rocky ledge I'M) feet wide and 14 t'cct. dec]), marked by
two guiding cribs, one on each side of the channel.
This work was comph^ed in 1S79 and a[)pears to meet the prcsentdc
niands of conunenre.
The auionnt expended to June 30, ISOl, was ><!lkr»i:{.()7.
Nothing is required at present for the improvement or pr(»s(Mvation
of this harbor, as the funds available will probaldy l>c suHiciiMit to kc(»p
the woftk in good condition for several years.
Modified estimate (see Report of Chief of EngiiH'»*rs, ls7i», II. S28; 1877, 1,
98; 11,845) .1597, 000. <)n
Appropriated 07, 000. 00
Name of harbor, Eagle Harbor, Micliijijan; oollorticui •liNtrict. Supi'iior, Mich.;
nearest light-houm^, Eagle Harbor. Micliigaii.
■
• Moneif statement,
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $2, 480. 33
July 1, 1891, halan<*o unexpended 2, 48(». 33
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS. EAGLK HARnOK, MinilGAN.
Not having been able to obtain commorrial statistics lor tli«» years 1H87, 1888, 1880,
or 1890, I append those for the ealen»I«*r year 188(>;
Exports: Tons.
Copper 1.2(X)
Importe :
Coal 15.000
Lnmber HoS
Total 17,058
K K g.
BfPROVEMEXT OF HAT?ROH AT MARQin/ITK, MICHTOAN.
The project for the imjirovement of this harbor was atlopted in ISOS.
Tt ex>ntiemplated the ereetiou of a bre^ikwater composeil oi' timber crib.s
ballasted with rock ami extending from tlie shore into the bay a dis-
tance of 2,000 feet. This breakwater was (•om])h'to(l, ])ra(tirally as pro-
posed, in 1875.
In consequence of the inei'easin<j: shipments of iron ore from this ])ort
the past few years, the area protected proved to l)e too small for the
needR of the shippin*? engaf»ed in this rommer(*e. In fact, one of tlie
largest ore doekH is outside its sbelter from tin*, most dangeioiis storms.
The t*xt#iJs!oii uf the bii'.«kwat«r became oeeessary some Uniti ago, i ^
pp(i\'iftiou was luailo fm- tbe eoruuif ncwnent of this extension in the rf^
and harbor bill of August 11, 1888.
The iioiitnvtt under this appropriation wafl for 180 feet extension of
tlie breakwater, bat aftw getting all the embankment and cribs in placf
two of' tlie latter wpre cfinied away by a severe storm, leaving as the
net result of the seiinon's work ISO feet of embankment and one crib &.>
feet ill length. Considerable damage wna also done to the remainder
of the pier.
There was much apei'ulation aa to the integrity of the riprap founda-
tion, but esamination made through the ice, and since, proves that it lias
BufFei-ed no injiiiy. From this it nppcars that whore there are no de-
flecting surfaces or obstructions reaching t^ or above tlie surttice of tho
water there is but little force exerled by the waves at 14 feet depth.
The extension of the breakwater is in an exposed place, and it is
useless to attempt to carry on work upon it during the stormy sea-sons
of the year. There does not, however, appear to be any necessity for
altering the plan of coustniction materiaJIy, for where the cribs and
aoperstructure are finished the pier ia suEacienfly strong. As a precaa-
tion during the. building, however, the cribs should be decked over with
heavy timber as soon as filled with rock, as otherwise the rock is liable
to be scooped out by the waves and the st;ibitil.y i.f tlie irih destroyed.
V This can be satVly done in those cases like .M;iniiurt<-, whi'ie the cribs
" are set apon a substantial riprap foundation, ;i> Mun' mhiiIiI bobntlitUo
chance for the ballast to escape, and even if wjiuc did escape the super-
strnctnre would not be ad'ected, and therefore the stability of the whole
structure wouhl bo preserved.
The contrai^t miw in progress calls for 120 feet uf crib work and nnper-
strncliire on the 120 feet of embankment from which tlw- cribs were
taken by the storm, and 120 feet of entirely new work, embankment,
cribs, and superstnicture, making a total extemdon of breakwater of
210 tbet.
It,appears th»t the extension of tbe breakwater is urgently nee«led,
with tbe present condition of the commerce of this place, for I am in-
formed that there v/mt more time lost in loading vessels la«t year on
account of tbe wat«r being too rough for them to lie at tlie wharves
than from rainy weather.
The estiiimted cost of the remaining 700 feet of extension, at present
cimtra<'tprices. is i!!lH,000 contingencies, etc., $0,800; a total of $107,800.
In addition, pmbably not less Mian tl5,WH) will be required for repairs
to old work during tlie period of construction.
The superstnictnre ot Hie jiortiou of tbe breakwater commenced in
1806 and tiuished iu l.HT-i has been extensively repaired, Imt is, nevcr-
tlielesK, not as secure as is to be desired. Much of Mjc timber has
L tireudy been in place several years longer than the nstcil liie ••( tioitier
[in this climate, and the time is short, if it has imt ain miIv arrived,
when this timber work must be replaced by iimre pei maiieiil. niiitcHah
A project for a corici-ete supers! nictuie was pix'iKircd diirinjj; the win-
ter and was approved Fcbmiiiy 27, 181K). Tliis suiH-rstmctui-e is ewtt-
mated to cost i?2;W,0.'«>.71. of wbiih sum *100,(HH> could be esiwnded
jn<liciously in 1 year.
Harbor lines were est-iiblisbwi by tiic honorable See-ietary of War In
Jannary, 1880, and a nMionsideratimi of the subject oeiiirred upon the
application of tbe Duluth. South Slmre ami Atlnnlic Kailway <V)iiipany.
f eudiug the action of the honorable Secnlary of War upon this
APPENDIX KK REPORT OF CAPTAIN FISK. 2507
motion, the railroad company extended the on* doeks as prayed for in
the petition. I am not advi8(Ml as to the final a<'tion upon tlie railnmd
company's petition, bnt no comphiintH from interested eitizcMis of Mar-
quette, or from owners or masters of vessels visitiui^ this ])ort, have so
fiir been received by me regarding these extensions b(\vond tlie harbor
lines, from which it is to be inferred that the ener<>a4'hmeut is j-ather
viewed as advantageous to all eoneerned.
RRCOMMRNDATlONrt FOU NKXT YKAR.
For pier extension. }|«107, 800
For concrete suiMjrstnicture to old work 100, 000
Genera] repairs 15, 000
Total 222,800
ABSTRACT OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR IMPKOVIXG IIAUHOK AT MAKgrKTii:. MU'IIIGAN.
By act of Congress approved-^
March 2y fi67 (allotment) $85,000
April 10, 1869 (aUotment ) 26, 730
Jnly 11.1870 ^ 25,000
Harchd, 1871 60,000
June 10, 1872 50.000
March 3, 1873 15,000
June 23, 1874 15,800
March 3, 1876 1 5, 000
August 14, 1878 2, 000
June 18, 1878 2,000
March 3, 1879 1,500
June 14, 1880 1,000
By act of Congress puHsed August 2, 1882 16, 000
By act of CongresH approvod —
July 6, 1884 5,000
Augusts, 1886 10,000
By act of August 11, 1888 25, 000
By act approved September 19, 1890 40, 000
Total 394,230
Money statement, •*
July 1, 1890, balance unexpouded $6,800.38
Amount appropriated by act approved September 19. 18<K) 40. 000. 00
4«, 800. 38
June 30, 1891, amount expended during lisoal year 2, 340. 96
July 1, 1891, balance unexpcuded 44, 459. 42
Jnly 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities $100. 00
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted <'<)utrartK 28, 080. 00
28,180.00
Jnly 1, 1891, balance available 16,279.42
{Amount (estimated) required for couipletion of existin;.'' project 35r>. 736. 71
Amountthatcan be profitably expended in fiscal year tMiding .June 30, 1893 222, 800. 00
Submitted in compliance with requireuieuts of sectious 2 of river and
harbor aets of 1866 and 1867.
:i.".OS RKPORT OF THE I-HIKP ttV BNOINKERS, P. S. ASUr.
Ilia ill
M. Bay. (
,_ _. ilikMeiin-mr. '
:i ■ToliDH.PoHi'raiiaDsiiilH.iiiir. Diiliitli
t J<iMphWolr,Unlutli.Ulnii
E JoluiH.Gfllf^tr.Miiiquctte.Mlrh
0 l>uielW. l'o«i-1l,Jg|.n«tf<'hfll.
' Uuqprlte, Mich
T Jacob %li»i II,' rmoD, H.H.Tnlu,
l>nlulh,■^Ti.ln--
u.on riLM |r;a.m
liUl»*n1MiM»-ll.l
W.W ; T&43
ua.37 j (SlSo
100.00 t8.N
1
Contract awanled to Hr. Cbnrles Berner, with tlui appionil of the CMatot Enjp-
runtiact datea January :>!, 1891. Work to be completed bj October 1, U0L.
COMMERCIAL BTATIHTICS, MARlJl'KTTR, MICHinAIT.
ArrivaU and clearaiim of rcnef*.
Arrivals ., 1,4ID
ClMMiii-i-H \,m
TounagB ^OTTtSK
Principal arlirle* of Frpnrt anil tMjM)^.
. l.SU.»
: IS
Wnr.
■P— ^y. 1 AWMg
M
,_^ 1 _
''I'
£Sim| tS
Iii^n-M..i-
iM,»ii 1 urn
f. 1i:ire buen no Q'
'« of tmnsportntioii pntnbliiibed w Ihr u
JrHvaU ani iiIfar<uu>ot of ornrlt far four jfoni*.
V,.,
AntralB.
,,■,«».„..
ll»l
MS
].4S«
JS
r
CwywmtfM «fahrwvii< nf rtctipU miil Mp»:
IMI'KOVKMEM OF HARBOR OK KKFUGE AT GHANT» MARAIfS, MR
Tlie hai'bor of llraitd Marais, Mich., is ouly accesuibli; f<n-
(ImwiugluHS thiui 9 feet. Onco witliiii theb»y there is hiii]>1>' li'iiHi ti>
float the largest ve^^Heli^. As a hnrboi' of retnge it is of pressing iiii|M>i
tam;«> to the shijtping Davigating the lakeB in tliis vicinity, a-s tii<.' Jiiiinj
wrocka lu its neighborhood bear mute witness.
Tlio project for the impitivenient of this harbor was adopted in 18SI,
autl haa for it« obje*-t the creation of a safe enti-anc^e into the bay tor
vexsels of the liiryest size. Tlieentrarn> thaiinpl in to be about 3(10 fwt
in width, prot«'(te(i by crib piers on I'ither Ntdf. The west pier ia now
),4IM> feet long, inchiding 1(H) fw;t of pile dilio, and the east pier is HHS
feet long, including 1(H> feet of pile rUke.
A (rhanuel bill teet wide and 17 feet deep was drtnlged out between
tliw piers in 18811. As the sand v/aa piled nji between the pierB at the
ilinei' finds to the height of the superstructures, it was not supposed
that the dredgfd channel would remain open, bnt it was believed that
whili-. tlu' wavcH and currents might level the .'^aud between the piers
and oblitfont-*^ the channel no accessions of siindwere anticipated. Aii
exaiuinatioii was made in June, 18'J0, and compared with the survey
iDad« in 1K88 Khuw(!d eousiderable change. The saud had been leveled
d (lir(tril)ntJ-d over a rather larger area than was expected, and, ftl-
oiigh no aci-cssioa of sand appears to have oecnrred, the character
__ tin- bar and the condition of the shore at the inner ends of the piers
would indicate that a laige quantity of sand had been washed into the
utiatmel and alterwards washed out.
Tho storm of December 26, 1890, carried away the end of the west
IM«r with its superKtructure, lodging it between the piers near the inner
~ ■ »f tihe east piSr, It is probably too badly damaged to be repliiccd,
if money were available for tliat purpose, and in its present posi
' will not interfere with the use of the channel to be dredged ttus
I more snbstiuitial form of protection at the inner euds of the piers
II flat originally constnicted api)eiin-d essential, particularly for the
t pi«r, t» the water had cut through t)eliind it.
s new s' ' ■
ptli in:ot<H'tin^ spins on tlie
l-fl sill.',
i.cU>liii
iihl shove eudt
th
I ot
I
■ OF E\<ilNEERe, V. S. A
1510 REPOliT OF THl
and repairing outer ends of piersj authority has lUso ber-u obtained IL
the expenditure of $1,000 in repairing damages tliat oeconfd afttiT tU
other ^ork was advertised, and this will he done as soon a^ |met>ilde.
Another eontrat^t is for dredging about 140,000 cubic yatdu, and work
iiud<-r it is about beginning.
Although properly the dii'dging shouJd have been delayed until the
pierH were finished, the presf-ing need of a channel of Bome kind into
,tiie harbor warranted the eomraencement of this work.
To complet* the work according to the approved project, HHt feet
remalD to be added to the west and 900 feet to the east pier. If the
extension of the piers continues with reasonable celerity, probiibly a
chBnnel dredged to fuU 17 feet will not be obliterated, but will prenerve
a depth sufficient to revive the commercial interests of this place, which
are held in abeyance at pre.seDt for lack of this essential.
Vast lumbering interests lie contiguoas to this harbor, which would
make it a shipping point in the event of there being a sufflcient depth
of water in the channel to accommodate the vessels engaged in sach
business, and 1 think that it woald not be. long, after obtiuning a navi-
gable channel into it, before the harbor would claim other distinetioDB
- than that of a harbor of refuge. ,
Origiual<«timate(Hee]icponurCLitif of Engineers, 1881, p axe 3063) fiOO.OOO
A|ipiopriutud 231,250
Thin work Ji in tba cnllecHuu iliitrivl. of 8iiperiui, Alicli. Neiiriwt llKht-lionBe, Big
Bitblo, Midi.
y act of CongTMB—
ApprovodJnlie 14, 1880 «lll, (MM
ApprovodMarchS, 1881 20,00(1
I'uBBed AugMt a, 1882 40,000
Approved July S, 1884 85,000
Approved AagaBt &, 1886 ". 26,260
OfAagustll, 1888 60,000
Approved September 19, 1890 .' 60,000
Total 831,360'
Money statement. ^H
■July 1, IftW, Imlnnce iiiu-ipi-tnlfd U,79B.tfJ
jnouut ftpproprifttBcl by iu:i appToved Spptember 19, 1800 50,000.00
51.T2S.9a
leSO, 1891, Bmonu ted expended daring fiieal year I,38a.7T
July 1. 1891, balatioe iinexpendwi 50,341.15
.luly 1, 1801, oiiUUnOiug DiibilitiM Jlfl.aO
Jul; 1, 1891, ainoiuit coveted by uneuuipleted cuiiti-actu l!l, 151.00
l^nly 1, 1891, balsjice available
r Amount (estimated) reqaired for completjon of eiistinK project 318,150.0^
I Amount tbatcaai1>epn>fltnblyeTpeuaiMlinfiscalyeareDdiiig.liineS0, 1893 100,000.0
' liibmiUed in ' ''■■ "■— - -' — " — " "' "" — — '"
t, tuubor HctB of Jaiie, 1866 and
uSe:"'"
APPENDIX S.S. — EEPORT OP CAPTAIN FISK.
Jf in*., Dcoimbm- tS, i
i
■ II
e.ioo m.vBo
■nil Ed-Mitr.hpll.Marqubttc. Well.
Hugh Steele, Uiilulli. iflno
ArifliiiinB. Uac^alieny It Unburn, I
Iluluth, Minu 17*1
Charles 8. Barker, Dnlut!.. Minn.... IT
Contract for pier work awarded to Hugh Steele, with the a|))>rov»l of tlie C}iiel'of
ICnt^neels.
Contract dateil Febniiicy 7, 1891; work to be ciiinpl
Contract for dredging awarded to ('liarlea H. Barker
of Enf^neerH.
Contract dated FebruEiry 3, 1891 ; work to bu uouii>l«t<Hl by Uctober 31, 1S91.
OOMUBRCUL STATISTICS, GRAND MAnAIB, MICHIGAN.
Arrieali and clearaneea nf rcfsel'.
Teaada, : Niirnlxr. I ToanBge.
Steumn 7a 12.000
BdliucniMls I 3* I 8,000
Tottd 10« - 20,000
Principal article* of export and import.
Exports; Tons.
Fish 200
I.og8 and liened timber 8,890
Imports:
Hs7 and grain 105
Oeneral merehandiao 210
Totri 9,405
Eecmptt and thipmcula for four ymn.
Ton*.
1887 1,910
1888 6,270
1889 8,686
2512 REPORT OF THE CIJIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
AnHvals and clearances of vesseh for Jour yearn.
Year.
1887
1888
Vesaels.
Tonnage.
1
74
162
1
10,850 ,
25,000
1
Year.
1889
1890
Tomiuige.
12,000
20,000
So far aa can be learned, uo new lines of transportutiou have been establifllied.
There are (estimated) 200,000,000 feet of pine timber standing, of which this har-
bor is the natural outlet, but owing to the difficulty of shipping lumber from here
on account of the incouii>lcte state of the entrance, a loggins railroad has been
built from a point about 8 miles from the harbor to connect with the head waters of
the Manistique River, and this timber is now by rail and river linding its way t<j
l^ako Michigan, while the mills at (irand Marias are standing idle for want of
proper shipping facilities.
K K II.
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF ALLOUEZ BAY, AT THE WEST END OF
LAKE SLPEinOK: ALSO THE NEMADJI RIVER FOR A DISTANCE OF FOUR
MILES ABOVE ITS MOUTH, WITH A VIEW OF DETERMINING THE BEST
METHOD OF IMPROVING AND MAKING THEM AVAILABLE AS A PORTION
OF THE HARBOR SYSTEM OV THE CITY OF SUPERIOR.
[Frinted iu lioiiMe Ex. Doc. No. 40, Fifty-firHt CongrtiH9, Hcoond Besnion.]
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
WashingUmj 1). 0., December 3j 1890.
Sir: I have tlic honor to submit herewith the accompaiiyiug copy
of leport, (hited Octobt^r 14, 18()0, by Mjij. Jauies B. Quinii, Coqw of
En^iiiK^ers, giving results of ])reliininary examination of Alloiioz (Al-
lonez) J3ay at the west end of Lake Superior, also the Neniadji River
for iv (listan(!e of 4 miles abov(*. its mouth, Wiseonsin, ^vith a view of
ber U^ 1800.
Miijor Quinii is of tlie o])ini(m that these IcK'alities are worthy of ini-
|)rovcnient. (Jol. O. M. I*oe, (Joij>s of Engineers, J>i vision Engineer,
N(nthwest Division, is of the opinion that Nemadji River is uot, at the
piesent time, wortliy of im])i'ovemeiit by the Cienend Government to
the extent proposed. I concur in the views of Colonel Poe.
Very res[)ectfully, ycmr obedient servant,
Tiios. LiN(;oLN Casey,
Bri(/. Om,, Chief of Engineers,
Hon. Redfieli) Proctor,
/Sccnfart/ of War.
report of major james b. quinn, corps of engineers.
United States Ji^ngineer Office,
Dill nth, Minn., Octobvr, //, /S.W.
Ceneral: In re.s|)ons<' to the instrnctions in h*tf<M- from yonr ollicc
dnted Se])tcmbcr LM), LSOO, I luivc the honor t<» submit the follmving
n'i)ort upon the |)reliminary t'xjiniination of the Alhaiez Bay and iS'e-
uiadji iii\itY surveys :
Id the bill as printed AUonez Bay is named, bnt it is evideiit that
Allonez Bay in intended, the nnbHtitutioQ of au n for a u la the spell-
ing Iwing an error which I presume is immaterial.
AUonez Bay is very Bhallow, and whatever inifiroveinent is made in
it would be conBuetl principally to the dred^tig of channels in front of
the diN;k lines which may be established and such other channels as
may be requisite to connect it with the navigable areas of Superior
Bay, Its littlu depth has so far prevented any utilization of its shores
for doctage purposes, and I am informed that aeveral commercial inter-
p.stH are held in abeyance pending the conatraction of suitable channels
in this bay. ,
Tlie Nerna<\ii Biver is navigable for tngs and vessels of b'ght draft j
for a distance of about 4 miles ftom its mouth. Some brickyuxis anj 1
located apon it, and other inanufa<;turing establishments are in course j
of oonBtmction. This river is rather turbulent during the spriug frcsb- ]
etfl, and for some years back more or less dredging has l)een done oa j
the bar at its mouth to maintain navigation between the river and '
Superior Bay, but aside from this no systematic project for its improve- \
inent ha« been devised.
In the absence of conclusive ocular evidence of the worthiness of ,'
improvement in the case of AJIouez Bay and Nema<\ji Ri ver^ I addresfied
a letter to the partiea interested in having these localities improved
and a copy of the letter received in response is inclosed.
I am of the opinion that in view of the conteiupliited commercial en-
terpriseswhich th(s improvement of the AUouez Bay and NenuMyi River
will promote the improvement of these localities is worthy. ,
ESTIMATED COST OP SUBVET.
Tlie contemplated survey embraces considerable territory and mnstj .]
for the purposes contemplated, be made with considerable preoisioo. j
Part 111" lilt? work can best bo done after the ice fonns, j
1^ the office work about thi-ee months' time will be required 1
' it, and it is ct^tiniated that it will cost, including contingen- J
: . MiiHy submitted. 4
Jakes B. QmNN, I
Major, Corps of ^Jnijineers. j
Brig. Gen. Thosias L. Casey, I
Chief of Engineers JJ. S. A. \
(Through Col. O. M, Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer, J
Northwest DiviBion.)
^B (Pint tndiirseinent.|
^K T7. S. EKGraEEB Office, j
^r Detroit, Mich., October 31, 1890. '
EcspectfuHy forwarded to the office of the Chief of Engineers, with
the following remaiks, viz :
The importance of Neraa^ji River appears to be almost wholly pros-
pective. In view of the fact that the approved harbor lines on the
Superior City front of Snperior Bay are now fully 4 miles in extent,
and almost entirely open to occupation, it would seem that sufficient
accommodation can readily be tbuud there for all the commerce which
^rill be developed for some years to come. -_
B| iiva ox iu6 ■
1
2514 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. & ABUT. ^
Although Nemadji Biver has no great depth at i Mmthf yet the
comparatively small amount of dredging required to render svailtUe
the navigation of the river for smaller craft may beadvi able; bat bar
ing in mind the mor^ pressing requirements of other locaUtieSy I mre-
luctantly driven to the conclusion that this river is not^ at the preieiil
time, worthy of improvement by the General Ctovemment to the extent
herein proposed, and I therefore recommend that this prqject be dis-
approved.
O. M. POXy
Colondj Carpi iff EngimeerM.
JEngineer Nmhwegt JHvmom,
LETTER FROM CHAMBER OF COMMSRCS OF SUFBBXO^
Chamber of ComiSBCii^
Swperi§rf IRt., OloMv 7, JGH0L
Sir: It Ir much to bo hoped that you wiU find time and apporiudtf tkb ftll ti
make the survey of Allouez Bay and Nemadji River, leoentily aathocJuNd by 0«-
gress in the river and harbor act. The netiessity for the aarmr it amply ffinogaJMp
by Congress in the wording of the item, which, under the head of aiirv«y% nadi n
follows :
'^\]louez Bay, at tho west end of Lake Superior, also the Nema^Ji Riv«r fior atth
tance of 4 miles above its month, with a view of determining the bert meChodofiM-
]>roving and making them available as a portion of the harbor ^yatMA of tha ei^ ef
Superior." ,
One of the largest and most available divisions of the ci|y of Bnperior, the aaatsa,
lies mainly on Allouez Bav, and the Nemadji River oonrses through tho heart of tta
eity. as does the Chicago Kiver through Chicago.
The commerce of the port of Superior is becoming ao large and Taiied. tha
t itics of wheat, coal, lumber, and other commodities handled at tUa pofat warn
]»ariug favorably with Kueh ports as Buffalo, Chicago, and Dolu^ tOMt tha
area needs to be enlarged, and that, too, without £lay.
The Northern Pacific, the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolia and Qmahn^ tha JMa/Bk,
^^uuth Shore and Atlantic, the Wisconsin Central, and atleaatthnaotliiartnnknB-
way lines, also th«> Superior Terminal and Belt Line Rail way Company, httvniaftHHli
on these waters whi>se value to the railroads and to the pnblio wOl to gnatl
bauced by the proposiMl surveys and improvements. A company ta orranland to '
the largest sawunll in the West, with capacious docks and ihfpimig ftfilHUai, M
Allouez Bav; also a flouring mill, having a capacity of 3.000 bamla par day, vM
necessary elevators, storehouses, wharves, etc. Two eataoliahnMnta nr anin^aai
handling brownstone for building purposes on a laige aoale luiTe loontioDa anlka
Nemiul,]! River, about 1 mile above its mouth, and two hrickyaidi ava In mmoamM
operation about 2 miles above its mouth; two similar y aria aio located nbont 5 wtBm
up the stream, and would use its navigation if made available for laige Toaaab: iMi
:ibout 4 mil^ u]> is the new town of South Superior, a mannfoetnringanhnrb oi 8qt-
rior, having to-day a population of about 1,000 persons, and growing rapidly, aaidlf^
supported at present by two large industrial establishmenla, tha lA Bwb WagM
Works and the Webster Chair Company.
I'he business of South Superior alone warrants the nprindj ImpfOTiiiMl of At
Nmiadji River from its moutii to a point 4 miles up the stream.
Several minor interests and industries using the navigation of theaa
also be mentioned.
The need of adding these waters to the available harbor I
urgent, and the commencement of the work will be looked forward to wtthgcwtia-
terest by all concerned.
jAlOBi 1>A»****W-
Chairman Harbor CommiiUej Ckmmhtt ff ^
Maj. Jami:s B. Quinx,
Corps of Engineers, U, 8, A»
-, _ ^...
J
KaTABl.ISHMENT OP HAEBOR I.INE8 AT DULDTH, MINNESOTA, BAT OV ST. J
LOUIS. SUPERIOR BAV, AXD THE ADJACENT WATERS, MINNESOTA AND '
WISCONSIN.
We, the undersigned, who are citizens of Dnluth and interested in
tlie pKworvation of the harbor in the Bay of Duluth and in the Buy nl'
8t. Louis, reapectftiUy represent that dock lines in the State of "Mluuc-
seta have been established ulong Minnesoti Point, alnii^tlie mainland,
along both sides of Kice Point, and along the Bay and River St. Loaia,
as is shown by the ordinances and act of legislature, copies of which are 1
hereto attached " and to which reference is made.
Tbat opposite these lines, in the State of Minnesota, other dock lines
have been established, in the State of Wisconsin, leaving a channel of
varying width between. The channel between Bice Point and Minne-
sota Point, as still left by the action of onr common eonncil between
the dock lines, la 2,000 feet in width. In the Bay of St. Louis the ex-
treme distance between the dock lines on opposite side, near Bice Poini^ |
is about 4,000 feet, and in passing westward the dock lines approach J
each other so that they are only a few hundred feet apart where the
deep natural channel of the St. Lonis Bay, near the draw in the St.
Paul and Dnlnth Bailway Company's bridge, is encountered. Large
iutproveinentA in the way of dock building and dredging are constantly
being carried on upon both sides of the Bay of St. Ixinis and in the
Bay of Dnluth, and it isextremely desirable that the General Govern-
ment should take np the riuestiou of these dock lines and determine
wlietlicr or not it will ratify the action taken by the local mauicipal
aatliorities upon the anbjcct, so that all imprOYement.s and expendi-
tures of money hereafter to be made may not be disturbed on ai^coant
of infringing upon the right and interests of navigation, as represented
ill the General GovermneDt. In the course of the various dredgings
whifh are being carried on contractors are making a prattticeof dejwait-
iiig their dredgings in the midst ofexisting channels, so that it will liave I
to be removed in the future improveraents of the harbor at large ex- |
jicnse. And we deeirfrthat the Government may investigate the ques-
tion fto as to take charge of tliat portion of the harbor outside the
dock lines, with a view of pi-otc«ting the same in the interests of navi-
gation. Yoor petitioners, therefore, respectfully mibmit the subject for
your consideration, and ask that immediate action may be taken in
(he premises. And your petitioners will ever pray.
S. A. Thompson,
SecreUirjf Chamber of Commerce,
(and twenty others).
Hon. Bedfield Proctor.
Secretary of War.
Office Ccief of E.vgineers,
U. S. Army,
July 23, 1890.
Respectfully submitted to the Secretary of War with the recommenda-
tion tiittt the Board organized for the harbor lines at Portage Lake,
Michigan, namely, Col. O. M. Poe, Maj. J. B. Quinn, and Capt. W, L.
* Nwt |>ruitcd.
2516 REPOHT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEB8, U. 8. AKKT.
Marshall, Corps of Engineers, be also charged with the duty of imrt-
ing upon the harbor lines at Duluth, Bay of St LoniSy Sapeibv B^,
and the adjacent vaters.
If approved by the Secretary the necessary orders will be given the
Boai'd.
Thos. Lmcoi^ Oaset,
Brig. Oen,j Chief of Bngii
[Third indorsement.]
Wab Depabtxbnt,
The recommeudatiou of the Chief of Engineers is approved.
L. A. Graht,
Acting Secretary of wer.
BEPOBT OF BOARD OF ENGINBBBS.
DuLXjTHy Mnm, Auguai^ jU; 1890L
General: The Board of Engineers constituted b^ SpoeiAl Oidm
No. 40, Ueadquarters, Corps of Engineers, current senes, assenibled at
Diiluth, Minn., August 21, 1890, in aci'onlance with Si>ecial OxdecB Kol
4(). neadquarters, Cori)s of Engineers, dated July 25, 1880, and pirooeeM
to consider the location of the harbor lines required at I>iilnfliy lOBEif
the Bay of St. Louis, Superior Bay, and the adjacent waten.
The Board examiiMMl the maps in the office of the engineer in ohinB
of the district, and afterwards spent half a day in traversing theprob-
able lines. The B(»ard also considered the several municipal ordinaDM
of Duluth and Superior providing for dock lines within fhe limits of
their jurisdiction, and by the legislature of the State of IGnneaote be-
yond the limits of Duluth. A tabular statement of these OKdinaiie0ii»
etc., is hereto appended.
The views of the representatives of the several localities involved wm
invited and the Board was accompanied in the inspection of tiiedoA
lines prescribed by the municipal ordinances and legislative acts alMff*
referred to by Mi\ i\ F. »]ohnson, collector of customs of the port rf
Duluth. Maj. M. B. Baldwin, president of the Duluth Chamber of Oo»
incrce, and Mr. W. F. Street, the secretary of the Chamber of
of Superior.
After due consideration of the questions involved the Board
mends that with some slight changes the harbor lines described bjfts
nninicipal ordinances an<l legislative acts cited, and as hereinaftard^
scribed and referred to the true meridian, be approved. TheehaaM
that the r>oard recommends are that to avoid encroaching i^qbhB
present iiavigabh' channel the harbor lines at the souther^ end rf
Minnesota Point be so drawn that tlie junction of the last two eoOM
shall be at the westerly corner of Wi Hard Dock as it standi at 13iifldrtl(
and that in the vii-initv of Grassv Point thedocfeline
side of the clianncl sliall be so established b» not to redaoe the witt
between tlie dock lines at any point to less than 600 feeti
The followin<j: descri]>tion l)y coursesand distances indicates file loofr
tions of the dock lines in accordance with the foregoing rnrommflaJB
tions. and the map* iiereto attached and submitted as part of this nport
exhibits the lines drawn to correspond with the description.
•OiiiiUeil.
.-• j». si .T A
APPENDIX KK EEPOHT OP OAPTAIir PfSK.
CommoDi^ing at ii [miut in tlio Hirnlli rin:<! of thu north piet of Duluth Cunai, 200
b«t wo«t of wt'nt liuool' Luke avomio; th<?ure northerly parallel with Lakaaveuue
far > distnnoA of abunt !^ feet; thducein a 8uut1iweiit«rl; direction about 3,235 fuet
to ■ point 90fect weHtof wuBtliDsof Nmthav(^ulle west, this line being distant from
tlM Houtli Una of Kailroad street 99S.6 feet on west line of Sixt>h aTenDs weat, uml
IW4.8 fe»l Ctoiu Buntli lino of Bailtoad street on wt«t line of Ninth ArnDiie west;
tluaio« soath ou an anfcle of 63° 59' to the left of the prolonfration of the preoedlnii
line about S45 feet to the easterlv oorDBT of the Nortbum Paoiflo Bailroad Company'^
dook; Ihimutt 1,408 font in a aontncTly direction on ft lino towards (bntnot reaching)
lira intenectiou of tba weinurly line of Eishth street on Rice Point with the town-
dtip line be twepQ Towns hips 49 and 50 north, of rnngell wcet; thence ahont 5,870 feet
in » Buathea»t«rly direction parallel with and 2,530 ftiet from the east line of Garfield
Avenae. Rice Puint, to a point 400 feet north of the north line of Walnut avenne pro-
longed ; thence 565.T feet with a deflection of 45 degrees to the right, to the north
lina of Walnut avenue prolonged acC4>rding to the recorded plat of Dulath; thence
2,067 feet aontb westerly along the north Ilii« of Walnut areDiie uid same prolonged;
Ibeoce westerly to a point in the proloug^iUrm of the northerly line of Sptuceaveoiin
239 feet southwesterly of the we«t tino of (iurOeld avenue, Gic^e Point; thence west-
Hrly to a point in the pTolimgation of the uortberly line of Piue avenue, 130 im-t
MtDth westerly of the west lin« of said GarSeld avenue; tlience westerly to a point
in the prolongation of the center line of Lynn avenne, 1,350 feet aonth westerly of tUo
i:anter line of said Uarlield avenue; tbeuco northwesterly parallel witli siud uarftetd
nvenue to a point where the dividing line lictween lota 7 and 8 iu Blocic O, Duluth
|troper, seound division, if producea will intersect with the same; tbenoe westerly
aX ngbt angles, to a point where the westerly line of Twenty-second avenue west, u
piodacud, will intersect the same; thence «oiitheHster1y on a lino parallel with and
(bout 2,10» feet distant from the westerly line of fiurticld avenue, on Hice Point, to a
imiiit of intersection with the northerly tine of F-lm avenne prolonged: thence sontb-
iri)8t«rly to a point on the veal lino uf MoimCiiio avenue, Ou'/ota, prolonged, distant
J.OOO feet from the southwesterly comer of Onuota stroi't (formerly First street) and
HouDtain avenoe, Ooeota: tlience by true I>eariiiu8nouth4>^5t'ea«tal>ont 2,975 feet Iu
t point on track center oi the St. Paol and Duluth 8h..rt Lino Bridge, 160 feet west of
iresteadof drawapanand making an angle with Huid trui-k cuuter of St" 60' reckoned
lothenortbof the westerly direction of tho track; thence continuing in same directirin
>r south 4"" 51' eaal almnt 1,925 feet; thence south 1^3'^ 54' west 915 feet, to a point
1,315 feet due weat of the southwest comer of section 16, Townsbip 49, Eange 14
ireat; Ihimoe continuing in same direction of south 23° 51' west 1,630 feet; theniK
iwutli 83° 2" west about MO feet to the 8-foot curie of depth on northerly side of the
latnral deep-water cJiAouel of the St. Lonin River; thciicu fulluu'iug tliia curiu >/!'
lepth up to a point in the southerly prolongation of the township line between town-
ihips 4^ north, range U west, and 49 north, r:uigo 15 west, 3,220 feet south of the
gaarter-section comer, Ht west side of section Itj, township 49, range 14 wMt, ex-
^eptiug that tho dock line loaves the S-foot curve of depth about 1,200 feel before
reaching the above-descriljed point on the township line, and proceeds in a direct
:lne to said puint.
Commencing at the south westerly comer of the sonth pierof theDnlnth Ship Canal;
ibence in a direct line to a point on the westerly line uf Minnesota avenne. Upper
Duluth, 300 fi:et southerly l^om the intersection of said westerly line of Minnesota
ivenue with the channel side of said south pier; thence in a direct line to a point on
:be wcr^lorly prolongatiob of the center line of Dundee street 1,480 feet westerly firom
:hc wi-stcrly line of l^t. Louis avenue ; thence southerly parallel with, and 1,480 feet
Tom, the said westerly lino of St. Louis aveniio, to the westerly prolongation of the
renter line of Pine street, said Pino street being the dividing line between Upper and
L/ower Duluth ; thence southerly and parallel with and 1,480 feet westerly from the
veeterly lino of said St. Louis avenue to a point on tho prolongation of the southerly
ine of Lower Uuluth, and 2,060 foot westerly from a stone monument which is sitn-
it« on the easterly line of Lake avenue and 400 feet southerly &om the southerly line
if St. Charles street ; thence on a line making an angle of about 10" 30' to the east-
Tly of a projongatioo of the above line about 10,050 feet to a point, said point being
155 feet distant westerly from a granite monuoieul planted near the cent«r of Minne-
ota Point, about 9,810 feet southerly from the southerly line of Lower Duluth afore-
' ' I said granite monument being 35 feet easterly from the United State« Lake Snr-
'ey boHe line, and said 955 feet being measured in a direction having an angle o: _ _
S with said base lino, reckoned to the loftof the northerly end of the latter; thence
in a Hue making an angle of about 2° 38' to the easterly of a prolongation of the
.bovo-deacri bed line about 5,290 feet to the westerly comer of Willard°s Dock, as it
tanda at this date; thence on a line malUng ui angle of about 16° S' to the easterly
if a prolongation of the liut-describod line about 5'nl foot to a point, aaid point being
2518 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
Bitiiated at a distanoe westerly of 48.6 feet, meaAuied at right uudM to flaid IfaM htm
a certain sandstone monnment set near the shore of Superior ^wor and oattomk
line of the United States Government reservation on sala IfimMooto PolBft.
Commencing at a point in St. Lonis Bay opposite Grassy Poiii^ 075 fbot mmttk^ 1^
1' east, and 40O feet north S8P 69^ west, of the southwest comer of Mottqa 1& tows-
Rhip 49, range 14 west; thence north 21^ 1' east 1,030 fbet; tlienoo noiih 1^1' tilt
()30 feet ; thence north 25^ 29' west 629.35 feet to the center of nilroad tnak of flie
St. Paul and Doluth Railroad Brid^, making an angle of 64o IS' wi«h tho lattv:
thence continuing in the same direction north 25^ 29' west 670.65 fbekj thflooo mmHk
1^ V east 1,780 feet; thence north 48^ 46' east 700 feet; thenoe nortii TOO uy m«
7,367.1 feet to the east line of the Lehigh Dock property and pmnhir 87 Jl IbekBMtt
(on line of west face of dock produced) of the northwest comer of tEe Lehi^ Dock:
Thonce north 62^ 16' east 1,164.55 feet to a point on the ceutor lino of track of ttr
Northern Pacitic Railroad Bridge 149.35 feet south of south and of the draw ipSBof
tlie Wisconsin draw, and making an angle of 61^ 59' with traok center; thenee oaa-
tinning in the same direction north 62^ 16' east 737.05 feet totiie northeast conartf
the Omaha Dock (or nearly thereto) ; thence southeasterly, making an angle of UF
1' ^Yith preceding line, up into Howard's Pocket for a disttnoe of fMO feet.
Commencing again at the initial point of the deeoription, namely^ n5 Ibet north 191'
east, and 400 leet north 88" 59' west, of the southwest oomer of aeotion l&towaihip
49, range 14 west; thence south 23° 54' west 2,875 feet; thenoe aoath SS^ywHl
about 1,550 feet to a point 600 feet southerly fh>m the &-lbot eoire of de|ilh on tibi
northerly side of the natural deep-water channel of the St. Louis BiTer; tiuaosftl-
lo^viIl^ up said river parallel to and 600 feet from said 8-foot enrre of depth to apsist
in the southerly prolongation of the township line hetween townaUpa 48, raags U
west, and 49, range 15 we«t, 3,970 feet south of tiie quarter-section oomer atWeiliUi
of section 18, townshi]) 49, range 14 west, excepting that for the laat IfiOO feet of fei
last-desiTibed course the dock line follows the 8-feot cur^e of dsptk on '* " *
side of the natural deep-water channel of the St. Louis River.
Couimencinp: at a point 533.7 feet east of the north quartei^eeetlon oonMr of L
14, towunhip 49, range 14 west, in Douglas County, Wis., said point being alao UU
I'ret distant from the center line of the Northern Paoiiio BailFoad traeik. nNaaand
west therefrom on the north line of said section 14, township 49l ran«e 14
ihiSo
Stat ion 158 plus 95 of said railroad; thence hy true bearings north 48^ 9f
(), 171 feet ; thence north 3^ 32' east 60.3 feet; thenoe north W> S^ eaat 1,9B6j8 fest ts
a point, this point being 343 feet northwesterly from the northaily oomer of ttaBt
I'aul and Pacitic coal dock on Connor Point, as now conatrneted (Ani^nat^ IMI). sal
(Ml the lino of its northeast«rbr face produced; thenoe aonth 68^ eaat alHmts^
feet to a point distant 1,005.9 feet, measured on a line drawn at tMlX Oflf ta sal
northeasterly from the center line of the Northern Paoiflo BaOroadTtmek on Ooaaif
Puiut, at Station 182 plus 29.3 of said railroad; thenoesouth 44^ ao* enatahont 1M,W
feet to a i>oint on the prolongation of the center line of WaUnr ay ue^ aad tjnk
I'l'ct from tho center line of West Second street, in the oi^ of Supeiier, tUa lai^
mentioned course also passing about 1 foot outside of the fender pileaonthanflrttMlf
corner of tho Northern Paeiiie Kailroad Company's dofl^: thenoe novth W> 4IK SMft
1.220 feet: thence tangent to the last-mentioned line easEierl7andaonlkeriyanafi^
nilar turve of 2(H) feet radius, 32G feet; thenoe southerly tangent to aaid
curvt* iii2 feet to tho westerly shore of the Nama^Ji lEUTOr. '
All of which is respcctiully subiiiitted.
O. Iff. Fob,
Colonelj 0arf9 ^nT JhtyiMari,
Jaxbs B. Quimr,
Majary Oan$ ^Bng%\
W. L. MABUHAT.T,,
Brig. Geu. Thom.vs L. Casey, i
Chief of Untjuucnty U. S,A. j
i
{Fint indwMment.]
Office Chief of BNGnoESBS.
U. & Afl
Eespeotfully submitted to the Secretary of 'V
It bein«>: made manifest to the Secretary of fclte
ment of harbor lines is essential to the presen i
IPPKNDIX KK — RRPORT OP fiAPTAIN flSK. Z51!)
the liarbor »t Duluth, Uity of St. lA)tiiH. Superior B.ay, and tlie Hdjacunt
waters, a Board of Eiiginfers was constitiitt'd by Special t>rder8 from
EBadquarterH, Corps of Engineers, to coniiider and report upon this
fiabject, and the reiwrt of the Board recommends for approval of the
Secretary of War the harbor and dock lines described in tlie within
report and delineated upon the a^^companying chart.
It is recommended that the lines selectfid be approved, and that the
Secretary place his approval both upon the report and the tracing aub-
jtatXmd.
H. M. Adams,
Major, Corps of Ungineem, in charge.
[Sooonil loilgtvHuuDl,)
Approved.
Wak Dupartmbnt,
SepUrmber 8, 189C
L. A. Grant,
Acting Secretary of War
LUI 0/ iirdinancn, t
Data.
LOMillty.
Ill
Oct. », WI9
Apr. Ll»*
Main liatbor.
R[«H Pnint, eii.l wd urMt Xia.
EucI «ud wtM aide Kim PoinL
Da!
Riut>ldi'Itti>»>PnlD(
N. V. I><»'k, takiBK uut aoEle.
W«t.i.lt.HlnD«;uP«i.,r«ath
North Alil.,St. LunidtuvnndGnirii
Supuriur Iby and arouuil Coaiior I
ofniuL
Sboarfor supBTTtiwr., D.
Brbo^ of i™l««. .llUg
ei»
0,1
nly.
i'alnt.
oTa
upo
"'■
Mar. -,1881)
SouUitideafSLLoaiaBay.
K K 13.
establi.shment of harbor lines in port.\ge lake, michigan.
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington, D. C, June 30, 1890.
Sir: I have the honor to submit a copy of the act approved June 20,
1890, authorizing and directing the Secretiiry of War to establish new
harbor lines in Portage Lake, and to recommend that a board of oflBcers,
Corps of Engineers, consisting of Col. O. M. Poe, Maj. J. B. Quinn,
and Capt. W. L. Marshall, be constituted by order from this Office for
the purpose of exauiiimig the subject, making such surveys as may be
2520 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
necessary, and recommending to the Secretary of Wqx the location of
ncAV harbor lines at the locality concerned.
V^ respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. LmooLN Gaset,
Brig, Oen.j Chief of Engineers.
Hon. Eedfield Proctor,
Secretary of War.
[Firat indonement.] *
War Department, ,
July i, 1890.
Approved.
By order of the Acting Secretary of War.
John Tweedale,
Chief ClarJe.
LETTER OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS.
[Printed in Housd Ex. Doc. No. 200, Fifty-flTst CongreM, seoond session.]
Office of ^he Chief of Engineers,
United States Armit,
Wa^hingtony 2>. 0., January 20y 1891.
Sir : The act of Congress approved June 20, 1890, authorizes and
directs the Secretary of War to establish new harbor lines in Portage
Lake, Houghton County, Mich., and section 17 of the river and harbor
act approved September 19, 1890, directing certain examinations and
.surveys, provides for *' resurvey and relocation of harbor line in Por-
tage Lake, Houghton County, IVIich., in conformity with the provisious
of recent law."
A Board of Engineers was, by your authority, constituted to oonaider
aiul report upon tlic ciuestion of the establishment of harbor lines at
Portage Lak(», and a report was submitted December 11, 1890, accom-
panied by a map showing new harbor lines recommended by the Board.
The report of the Board and the location of the harbor lines, as indi-
cated on tlie map, were approved by the Assistant Secretary of War
January 5, 1891, and I havo now the honor to submit the acicompany-
ing copies of the report and map, with rc^commendation that they be
transmitted to Congress, under the provisions of section 18 of the river
and harbor act of September 19, 1890, wliich requires that reports in
reflation to the examinations and surveys directed be made to the House
ol' Representatives.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Tiios. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Oen,, Chief of Engineers.
Hon. llEDFiELD Proctor,
Secretary of War.
REPORT OF board OF ENGINEERS.
[Printed in Hoaso Ex. Doc. ^'o. 200, Fifty-iirst Congreas, second sosaion.]
Houghton, Mich., December lly 1890.
General: Tlie Board of Engineers, constituted by Special Orders
Ko. 40, Headquarters, Corps of Engineers, IT. S. Army, July 6, 1890,
assembled at Houghton, Mich., at 10 a. m., December 10, and pro-
■ APPENDIX K K — EKPOET OP CAPTAIN F18K. 2521 1 '
oeedeil to wjnsicier the sabject of tlie estalilisUment. of uow hiirbnr Unrs
in I*i»itBKt' Lake. Houghton (.'ounty, Mi(;h.. iu accoiflnnco witii the ad.
Ht'Cougress ai»iirijved Jmm«*0, 1890, Uouformably to the msti-octioiis
i-oiivwyeil to the Board in the letter iWm tJie Uhicf of EuginferH, ad-
ilrensetl to the senior memlMir of the Boaid, dated Office of the Chief
of l-:nsiHieis, Washington, D. C, July 7, 1890, the Board lieM a pnblio
nit'eting and listened to statement* i)re8ented by such persouH as were
iu att+'iidajice. It is only fair to Nt4Vt« that the persons present repre-
Ment«d mining and other business of the locality, but no one appeared
to (ipe<?iaUy represent the navigation interests; though, of course, all
were directly concerned in the commercial uses of tlie waters in ques-
tion, including fm^ilities for shijipiug the products of the vicinage and
re4-eivinc the supplies, which must necessarily reach Miis]ioiut by'water.
Tile lion. Jay A. Hnbbell, who has taken an active interest in the
snbject of harbor lines in this loitnlity, luMressed the Board at some
length and assured it that he had received letters from tlie princii>al
sliilMtwnera navigating these waters, in whicli it was expressly stated
Ihiit awidth of 500 teet generally, and even less at some pla4:eH, tbr
short distances, would ajiswer all the requirements for safe navigation.
In this opinion the board concurs, and in recommending the new har-
bor lines for approval they adopt this view, but have not found it nen-
i-sHar}' to reduce the width between the harbor lines at any point to 500
feet, and to facilitate the maneuvering o£ vessels within the harborti of
Hancock and Houghton a width of about 1,100 feet between harbor
lines Ik provided at the former and about 900 feet at the hitter.
In adjusting these lines an effort has been made to pres(«rve as broad
a channel as possible withoat trespcissing upon the existing condition
of the property of riparian owners, and the Board has i-iiileavored, as
far as to them npimared practicable, to Iocat« the new harbor line^
" with a view of harmonizing all interestfl afiected."
Straight lines have been adopted in view of the greater convenience
in defining them. The harbor lines proposed are indicated in fiill red
iiiH's njiou the accomiianying map* of Portage Lake, in vicinity of
Houghton and Hancock, Mich., from surveys made under the direction
of -Miy. J. B. Quinn, Corps of Engineers, in October and November,
1690, scale 400 feet to 1 inch.
In case these harbor lines be approved by the Secretary of War, it
is recommended that Maj. J. B. Quinn, Corps of Engineers, be at once
directed to have permanent marks, placed, from which they may be
accurately laid down at any future time and from which a description
of them may be made by courses and distances, and the same engrossed
iilHin the map above referred to.
The papers referred to the Board are herewith returned.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
O. M. PoB.
Colonel, Corps of Engineers, etc.
James B. Quinn,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief 0/ Enginetix, V. S. A.
Quinn,
Major, Corps of Engineers.
W. L. Makshau.,
Captain, Corps of Engineers.
Not icprintcd.
2522 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
[First indorsement.]
Office Chief of Engineers,
U. S. Army,
January 4?, 1891,
Respectfully submitted to tlie Secretary of War.
The Board of Eugineers constituted by Special Orders No. 40, Head-
quarters Corps of Engineers, July 6, 1890, to consider the subject of the
establishment of new harbor lines in Portage Lake, Houghton County,
Mich., in accordance with the act of Congress approved June 20, 1890,
submits the within report, and recommends for approval the harbor lines
for Portage Lake indicated by full red lines on the accompanying map.
In locating these lines the Board has endeavored, as far as practicable,
to harmonize all the interests affected.
It is recommended that th^ lines selected be approved and that the
Secretary place his approval both upon the report and upon the accom-
panjring map.
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig, Oen.j Chief of Engineers.
[Second iBciorsement.]
The within rei)ort is approved, and approval of the location of the
harbor lines is indicated on the*accompanying map.
L. A. Gbant,
Assistant Secretary of War.
Wab Department,
Jantmry 5, 1891.
K K 14.
EESURVEY AND RELOCATION OF HARBOR LINE m PORTAGE LAKE,
HOUGHTON COUNTY, MICHIGAN.
This survey was made in October, November, and December, 1$00, in
accordance with an act of Congress approved June 20, 1890, for the use
of the Board of Engineers eoiivened to estahlisli new harbor lines in
Portage Lake. The reconimendatioiis of the Board were duly approved
by the War Departnient, and in March last 20 stcme monuments were
set as reference points for tlie lines.
The description of the lines to be engrossed upon the map has not
yet been made out owing to press of other work, but all necessary data
are on file and this will be done as soon as i>ossible.
^
APPENDIX L L.
IMPROVEMENT OF HAEBORS ON WESTERN SHORE OF LAKE SlICfUGAN
NOETH OF CHICAUO, ILLINOIS. AND OF FOX AND WISCONSIN, AND
MKNOMONEE RIVERS, WISCOMSIN.
SEPOUT OF MAJOR CHARLKH K. L. R. DAVIS, COUrs OF BNOIXEEICS,
OFFICER in CHARGE. Fr>U Tllli FISCAL TEAR EXDISU JUNE 30, ISat,
WITS OTHER DOCUMENTS liELATIHG TO THE WORKS.
mPBOTKKBNrS.
3. CoiUr Rivet nJitWf, Michittnn.
S. Menomoaeo Harbor, Mirblgiiii .
WiBCODflin.
4. UtitiuinoQee River, Mivhigiin :
5. Oconto Hnrlior, Wini^iiimia.
6. PensftrikiHi Hitrbor, WisroiiKin.
T. Green Hav HarhoT, Wiacouaia.
8. Harliui <,i rofugu at .-uti'iuii.'H of Si
geon Bur Cannl, Winconsia.
9. Ahnnpee flarbor, WisroDsin.
10. liewaiiDiiis Harttor, Wiscoiisiii.
It. Two Rivera Hoibor, WlsooDBin.
13. M«uitow<i« Hnrlinr, Wlsoonein,
13. SbitlHiygaa Hurbor, Wisuonsiii,
U. Port WaahinKtou Harlmr, Wim'ounln,
15. Harborof Tonige nt Milwatihti* H»y,
Wleconein.
16. Milwaukee Harbor, Wisoonsiii.
IT. Racine Harbor, Wiecoiub).
IS. Kenoaha Harbor, Wiaconaio.
Ij). Wauki'^an Harbor, Illinoin.
a). Fox und Wieconiiin rivers, Wi^ton-
31. OperatineaDil c:
mil iloms
UsiTKD States Enginekr Office,
Miliraiikee, Wis., July 7, 1891.
General: I liave tlic Iiiukii- to tmuMiiiit Iierewitli aiitmal report for
^h«! works of livur Jiiid liarbor improvoiiieiit in my charge for tlie hacal
»-faa- ending June :ii), IS'.II.
Very respcctftill s', juur obedient servant,
Chas. E. L. B. Uatis,
Major of Engineerg,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers, U. S. A.
LL I.
IMPROVEMENT OF MANWriyLE HARBOR, MICHIGAN.
Object. — To secure a navigable channel from Luke Michigan into the
mouth of the Mauicitique Kiver, where the harbor of Manistiqne is ^ta-
at«id.
2624 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Project. — ^The original project, adopted in 1880, provided for the exca-
vation of about 20, WK) cubic yards of material to complete a cbannel 160
feet wide and 12 feet deep between the piers constructed by local enter-
prise at the mouth of the Manistique Eiver.
Present works, — No construction work was done by the United States
Government. ,
Depth of water. — Originally there was a depth of 7 feet, which waa
increased to 10 feet before any appropriation had been made by the Gov-
ernment.
A survey made May 19, 1890, showed an available but tortuous chan-
md of 13 feet for a width of 60 feet.
Operations during the fiscal year. — ^There were no operations during
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891.
Remarlfi and recommmidatiom. — ^Five thousand dollars were appropri-
ated in 1880 and ^1,000 in 1881. The only work done under tliese ap-
propriations was the removal of 11,780 cubic yai*ds of material in 1880,
under a contract with the Cliicago Lumbering Company.
In October, 1880, a survey of the harbor showed that the direction of
the piers lay ai'ross the mitural channel. The company which had built
the piers and had also the contract for dredging ibund it necessary at
this time to renew about 330 feet of the west pier which had been waslieil
away. Tlio superintendent of the company was notified by the officer
in charge, Maj. H. M. liobert, that the pier lines would have to be rec;-
tified to conform to the natural channel. The company declined to
'comply with this dcMuand, and their contrjict, which had been extended
from December, 1880, to June 1, 1881, was annulled. Tliere have been
no operations at this harbor since, and no money is asked for its improve-
ment.
Estimated cost (seo Ri'port of Cliicf orEiigiiioors, 1^1), i^gc 11>31) $(i, CKN)
Appropriated ". fi, (HX)
Money siatcmcitt.
July 1, 1890, balance iinex})ondod $2, 8 15. 76
June 30, 1891, amount expendcMl <liiring liscjil year 245. 00
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 2, tXH). 70
COMMERCIAL srAriSIK'S FOR TIIH CALi:\l>AK VKAll ENDING DKCKMBKli iU, 1890.
[Funiislml by -Mr. \N'. If. Hill, SuiHirintoml«iiit <'hicago Lumhoring Company. ]
Name of harbor, Maiiisti<iue, Mich.; collection district, Superior, Midi.; iniarest
nght-house. Poverty iHlaud, Mich.
Arrivals and departures of vessels.
Dest'ription.
Steam
Sail
Total
A rrlvals.
Departurttrt.
No.
347
179
Tom.
122, 9M
51,838
No.
•Ml
179
Tom.
122,931
51,838
526
174, 7C9
626
174, 7G9
APPENDIX LL — REPOET OP MAJOB DAVIS. 252j?
iYitiofpal artioUt of trport and in^rt.
EXPORTS.
Artidt.
QuanUty.
Artlda.
QDUttV.
1I«,MI
"^^Tl.
123. ««|
ToUl iippTDXliiuto Tiliie, (1.100,000.
An».
QoMtitjr.
Aitlol*.
QoMltty.
IbM.
a
i
lis
1.7W
ST
«IS
in*
»7»
■^B
a.m
RlK,S-Cti .■.,.„;:::::::
iS
ToUlKppnxImiilo ralue. HM.Wa.
IMPIIOVKMENT or •
\1£ lilVKR HARBOR. MICniGAN.
Object. — To seenre a navigable chjinnel from Green Bay into Cedar
Biver, where the harbor of Cedar River is located.
Project. — The origiiial project a(Ioi>ted, in 1883 provided for the con-
stmetion of two parallel i)iera 200 feet apart, extending from the monUi
of Cedar River to the Hi-foot contonr in Green Bay, and dredging a
ehaaiiel between them 14 feet deep; also removing an outer Bhoal by
dredging to a depth of 15 feet,
A modification of this project, approved in 1884, provided for contiii-
uing the piers in a direct line with the part already built inetead of at
an angle, as originally projwsed.
Present icorks. — Pile piers lined with sheet piling: (1) East pier, 754
feet in length, 16 feet wide; (2) West pier, 3(H feet in length, 16 feet
wide. All were built in ISS-l-lSSri, and are in good condition.
Depth of water. — Originally 8 to 10 feet, obstructed by a 3-foot bar in
fh)nt of we mouth.
A snrvey made in May, 1890, showed the condition of the channel to
beasfoUows: 13 feet deep, 20 feet wide; ISfeetdeep, 40 feet wide, and
U feet deep, 60 feet wide.
2526 BEPOBT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGmEEBS, U. S. AEMT.
Operations dwring the fiscal year. — ^There have been no operations dur-
ing fhe fiscal year ending June 30, 1891.
Kemarks a/nd recommendations. — ^Work was suspended at this harbor
in November, 1885.
In yiew of the small amount of conmierce likely to be benefited by
its completion no appropriation for continuing the improvement has been
recommended since 188i5.
The Spalding Lumber Company states that a survey has been made
for a railway between Spalding and Cedar Eiver, connecting with the
Chicago and Northwestern E^way at Spalding, and that it will un-
doubtedly be built during the year, and that it is also contemplated to
build a charcoal furnace at this port in 1891.
These works will greatly increase the commercial importance of this
harbor.
Original estimate (see Report of Chief of Engineers, 1882, page 2121) $138, 000
Appropriated 30, 000
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $2,288.07
June 30, 1891, amount expended diiring fiscal year 70. 00
Jnly 1, 1891, balance unexpended 2,219.07
( Amount (estimated) required for (*oin})k'tion of exiHtioj^ project 108^ 000. 00
< Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of riA^er and
( harbor acts of 18G6 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
t
[FnmiBfied by Spalding Lumber Company.]
Name of harbor. Cedar River, Mich. ; collection district, Sux>erior, Mich. ; nearest
light-house, on north-pier head. Cedar River Harbor, Michigan.
Anirals and depar lures of vcshcU.
I)rs(iij»ti*m.
Arrivals.
Departures.
Rt'Oam ............
No.
236
208
Ton».
68,750
62,140
No.
236
208
Tons.
58.750
62,140
Sail
Total
444
120, 890
444
120,890
Frinoipal articles of export and import.
EXPORTS.
Article.
Bark (tan)
Fish
Lath
Lnmber
Poles (telegraph) .f.
TiliA«pprazimAt6 value, #625,000.
Quantity.
Ton*.
208
25
«i
1,375
37, 500
312
Article.
Posts (fi'nrp) .
Shingles
Ties (railroad).
Wood
Totnl
; Quantity.
T&ns.
2,775
1,500
14,000
5.760
«8,451|
APPENDIX LL — REPOBT OF UUOB DXTIS. 2527
AtedjNtl arliela nf export anil imparl — Coutiuued,
Artiste.
Q«
uiUty.
Atlble.
Qwtily.
1W>.
'S'
IM
saa
s
Llnsaodeai
Tom.
^
ToUl.
hS; ".".:".".".".'."
LL 3-
IMPROVEMENT OF MENOMONEE HAKBOR. MICHIGAN AND WISCONSDT.
OhjfH. — To secure a navigahlo channel from Green Bay into the M©-
noniimee River, where the liarbor of Menomonee is sitnated.
Project. — ^The originBl projeot adopted in 1871 provided for the con-
ftrui-tion of two parallel piern 400 feet apart, extending from the mouth
of the river to the 15-foot contour in Green Bay, and dredging a chan-
nel l>etween them 14 fe(>t deep. In 1874 it waa decided to extend the
piers to the IC-foot contour.
Freteni Korku. — (1) North pier, 1,854 feet in length, consisting of 585
feet of slab pier 20 feet wide ; fi09 feet of pile pier, 481 feet of the same
having a width of 14 feet and 128 feet a width of 18 feet; 660 feet of
rribs, «I0 feet with a width of 20 feet and 50 feet with a width of 24
fi-.-f. (3) South pier, 2,710 feet in length, consisting of 1,000 feet of pile
[.(.I. l.HOi feet having a width of 14 feet and 9ti leet awiilth oflSlcctj
iiiid SHI leet of cribs 20 feet wide.
The [lite piers were biiiit in 1871-18T4 and the cribs 1876-1884. The
rtibs are in good condition. The north pile pier was rebuilt above the
water line in 188!', and is in good condition. The older part of the
south pile pier is considerably decayed.
Depth of irater. — Originally 4 feet. At the harbor entrance the depth
billies fi-oni 16 to 18 feet and a channel between the piers from 200 to
;{IH» iu width, with a least depth of 14 feet, was completed in July, 1890.
Operations during the fisml >iear. — Dredging by hired labor and the
use of United States Dredge Iso. 1 was in progress at the beginning of
the fiscal year.
It waa continued until July 23, 1890, and the dredge then transftered
to Sheboygan, Wis.
Fourteen tliousand one hundred and seventy cubic yards of material
nere removed from the ehannel during the fiscal year.
Remarks and recommendations. — The full amount of the original esti-
mate for the improvement of this harbor has been appropriated and the
object sought is obtaiued.
The balance available from the appropriation made in 1888 is prob-
ably suflicient to maintain the channel and piers during the fiscal year
ending June 30. 1893.
Oripnal tBtiuii.tt i-ee UojM.rt i.f Chief of Engineers, 1874, Part I, page 139). «312,000
Afpnifnttted 313,000
2528 REPORT OF THE CHIEP OP ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
Money statement.
July 1, 1890, balance nnexpended 1 $6, 083. 23
June 30, 1891, amount expended during liHcal year 1, 852. 67
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 3^ 230. 56
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOR THK CALKNDAR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[Fnmiahed by Hr. J. A. Van Cleve, mayor of Marinette, Wis., nud Mr. Bobt. S. HntehinaoTi, deputy
collector o^ customa, Menomonee, Mich.]
Name of harbor, Menomoiiee, Michigan and Wisconsin: collection districts,
Superior, Mich., and Milwaukee, Wis. ; nearest light-house, Henomonee, Mich.
Steam
Bull...
Total
ArrivaU and departures ofrensels.
Deacription.
■ Arrivals.
I
Ko.
846
1,054
Ton§,
126,809
204,068
1,000 ' 3.31,262
Departures.
853
1.040
1,002
Ttmt.
127,359
204,381
331,740
Principal articles of export and import,
EXPORTS.
Articles.
Coal and coke
Cranberries
Pish
Lath
Lumber
Merchandise (^nioi-id)
Paper
Apples
Brick
Coal and coke.
Fish
Flour
Gravel
Hay
Iron and Ht<'«l . . .
Lime and cfnu.nt
Quantity.
Tons.
100
13
551
1,421
637,088
50
100
Articles.
IMckets .
Sidt
ShinjrlrH
WiMMl...
Total
IMPOltTS.
Tong.
13
:m
11,<)!)5
:{r>5
2, 020
2, 000
508
I:
Mondi:in«li.s<' ;;<iM'ral)
Oats
Salt
Shingles
Stono
\Vo(m1
Total
L L 4.
Quantity.
Tons.
488
105
728
512
641.156
Tont.
3. COO
264
55r»
242
11.5a()
1,750
87,188
IMPROVEMENT OF MEXOMONEE RIVER, MICHIGAN Am) WISCONSIN.
Object, — Tlie fonnatioii of a cliaiincl 10 feot deep from Green Bay to
N. Liulin^tx)!! & Co.'s mill, Wisconsin, a distance of about 2 miles.
Project, — The present approved project is for dredging a channel 200
feet wide and 10 feet deep from (heen Bay up the Menomonee Eiver as
far as available funds will admit.
Present works, — The piers of the Menomonee Harbor improvement
render constniction works unnecessary for the Menomonee Kver im-
provement.
tteptli of watir. — Uetwut-'n tlic htu'bor piers the cliauneil is from 3(Hl D
."HID t'(>et wide and 14 fuel duep^ tUencu to N. Liidiugtoii & fki.V mill, i
dUtantrn uf about li iiiil(», it ib uanfiw itnd intrii'iii« witli a di^pMi t
;itiout 13 feet
Openttioiu during fi«ml pear. — Undftr itontriict dated Uwiimlii-f
ISDO. with McsBTs. Truuiaii & C(K)i»(3r, of Manitownc, Wis., foi- dnidfriui
2iW,6uO »;ubic yanls, more or Iohk, work wns Iwgmi Muyli, 1811 1, and hQ
tlip clos« of the fiscal year 2(J,058 oubic yardH ha^l been re movpd.
IJy hiri-d labor and purchase of maf«riala in op«i market repairs v/iM
iiiiide to tlie dre«lging plant.
Hcmarls and remmmendationx, — In accordance with ^iriiiin V-i \<[' l\n:
river and harbor act of August 11, 1888, and Departimiu, ji fUf i\.,\vi\
Ajiril 1, 1889, a survey was miulc of the Menomouc* Kivi'i- ii^ .limv ^iml
.hily. 188U, with a view to its improvement by tlie fonuatioii nl' w i liun
iH'I 200 feet wide and 16 foot deep from Green Bay to Ji. Ludingtoii &
tWs mill, a distance of about 2 miles.
A report of this survey, with mapandestimatoof cost of the proposed
improvement, was made November 2fi, 1880, and published in HoutteH
Kx. Uoc. No. 34, Fifty-fli'st Oongreas, first Hession.
For reasons stated in the report it was rec^mmeodiid that tluN dredg^
'ing be left to be done by the local authorities and not by the Unit
Htat«s Government.
By a«t of Congress approved September 19, 18flO, $54,000 were ap-
propriated for " continuing the improvement up the river from the teri
miuation of old work," and the present approved project ia to dredgetl
the cliaunel of 200 feet width and 16 feetli depth from Green Ba,v vipP
tlip Mciiomonee River as far as the 854,000 will admit,
Tlio contract now in force covers a section of the clianncl about 5,160]V
Iwt in length. The contractors pliiced one dredge on the work May ll]^
IMU, and propose to put on another about July I. ,
It is also contemplated employing two Government dredges on ttia
work, at points below ajid above the section under contract, the hit Kii'
part of the present working season, and to resume work upon the sjiiiM
on the opening of navigation in 1802.
AI>oat half a mile below N.Ludington & Co.'8 mill the riparian own^i
era have phused on each side of the channel, and extending up the ri
nearly a quarter of a mile, rows of stone-filled cribs in front of tin- ii|ii-u
reaches of the river called "log pockets," for the purpose of bi'iimin;:
logs. These cribs lesson the width of the channel, and attJie iiiiiTii\Msi
place are but 120 feet apart. To cut the channel to the full wnllli \\\'
■JOO feet would require the removal of all these cribs. The owiu'ts nii
jectod to their removal and thought the channel could be nanow.'d in
this upper reach so as not to interfere with the cribs and still li*- wide
enough for purposes of navigation. As this upper i-eaeh is oomimsed of
hard pan difficult and expensive to dig, it seemed to be in the iiiterm '
i>f economy to lessen the width, and the following correspfrndence i
suited trom this state of affairs.
UNtTKD STATICa ENOtNRKlI'OFK'lCK,
MUjfiulttt, Wi*., Mag SS, 189J.
Am: I nm iitftitiii«d thttL yuursetf uud otliurs iiil>ervKt«d in tlioiniptuv«mejit of He^
iioianDee Rivei to ubtain a ohaanel Iti fi-et iloep aud 2U0 feot wiile Tcoia Oman Bay H
IT. Lndin^loii it Co.'h mill wunld Im eutiBlled, and prijliAtil.y prerer, a roduutiOB IT
the width oonlemiiliitwl in tbo upprovwl prujetit lot u porlii.u -il' tn« dinliknoe, SI'
fhija the unatorly i-nd u( Ilutuilt'Oii & Mi'tryriiau'» wan-limisi' U' iho upiwr oitd of U
IK.jp..*''!! ]nii,r<
. Win y.i» pU
yitl. p..
illl<-L'l>..0->
riMhirtiuii
2530 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U, 8. ABUT.
vised estimate of the funds required to complete the work in my Annual Sepoit fo
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891 f
Very respectfully, your obedient ser^-aut,
Chah, £. L. B. Davu^
Mqjor of Xm§im$&n.
Hon. Isaac Stkphenson.
Marinette, Wx8.« June 5, 1891.
Dear Sir: Yonrs of the 25th ultimo was duly reoeived and contents noted.
I have seen parties interested, and the undersiiped join with me in saying thst
we have considered yoursup^^cstion and think that there would be no objection nude
by anyone interested if reduction in width of channel should be made, as yousni:-
j^cHt, **frum the easterly end of Hamilton &, Merr>'man's warehonse to the upper
end oi* the ]>ropos<Ml improvement/^ and would approve of reduction ftom thatpmnt
to not loHH than 100 feet in width, with a depth of 16 feet, and we think it advisable
to make 11i«' clian;;*'.
Yours, respectfully,
Isaac Stephenson,
n. ludington companyy
By Caleb Williams, SuperintmuhHt,
The Stephenson IfANUFACTUiUNa Compact,
Hamilton & Merryman CoMPAirr,
By A. C. Merryman, Secretarg,
Maj. Chas. E. L. B. Davis.
The original estimate for a chaniiel 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep (see
House Ex. Doc. No. 34, FiftyHrAtCoiigresB, first session) was $109,009^'
A revision of this estimate, reducing the width of the channel to 100
fe^t from the east end of Hamilton & MeFC^unan's wardionse to K. Lnd-
ington & Go.'s mill, a distance of about 2,600 feet, wonld reduce the
amount to 874.500, leaving but $20,500 to be appropriated to complete
the work in accordauce with the suggested modification inthewidtli
of the upper reach, which modified width is therefore recommended.
Money statement.
Amount a])propriate(l hy act approved Septemher 19, 1890 |64^OO0l00
Jniu> 30, 18in, amount expended during fiscal year..r. 11,01SlX}
July 1, 18i>l, balance unexpended
July 1, 18i>l, outstanding liabilities
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompletetl euntnicts.
la^iSLoo
22,668.84
49^987.66.
9I|747.M
July 1, 1891, balance available Ifl^imM
'Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 66^6O0lV
Amount that can beprofitiibly expended in tiscalyear ondins JiineSO^ 1898 20^600100
Submitted in compliance with retiuiremeuts of seetloiis 2 of riyer and
harb(»r acts of 1860 and 1867.
Abstract of proposats for drcdtfing Mcnomonre Rircr^ Michigan and IFiaooMte. f
rrsponne to advvrt'm'mtnt datsd October 27, ISOO, and opened Novomkot MSf MO, If
Maj. i-harhn IC. L. B. Ihtrin, Corps of Engineers.
Amount ora]»i»ropriation available for this work, $25,000.
KNtiniatod amount of dredging in each section, 100,000 oabio yuda.
No.
Nuiue ami n'»i«loncc of bidder.
I ; Horatio Triinian and George Ctjoper, Manit*iwtn', Win . .
'2 S. < V Dixuii. KHoin««. Ww
WilliHins. T»oiij;lu'rl y A. TTpham. DiiliiHi. Minn
('arkin. Sti«'ku«'y »V <'rani. SapiiiMw. Mi«li
ClrtTii^; l^nduin^ <'«,, <'hir;ipi. Ill
"WliKf A" T'"in<'h. <«r;nHl M:n i-n. Mi«"li
T ('liristopliiT H. Sl:irkr. Mil\\ ;iiik<'C. Wis
« ' Knapp A: (iillm. Iliuin.-. Win
9 I Green Bay Dn-iltje and l*ilo Driver Co.. ,Grot*n Bay, Wis
Prl0ep»OTilijs4i
M
m
i
1«
•■ .xxctca
APPENDIX LL ^REPOKT OF MAJOR DAVIS. 2531
With the approval of the Chief of iiluiciiieers a contract was entered into Dcccni-
l>er 13, 1890^ with Horatio Truman and George Cooper, the lowest responsible bid-
ders; for this work.
COMMKUCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDING DECEMHEi: 31, 181M).
The connuercial statistics for the Menonioiice Kivcr are the same as for Menomoneo
Harbor.
LL5.
IMPROVKMKNT OF OCONTO HAKHOK, WISCONSIN.
Object. — To secure a navigable clianncl from Green Jiay up the. Oconto
Kiver to the city of (Jponto.
Project. — ^The original projexjt, adopted in 1882, provided for th<^ for-
mation of a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep by <>ixteiidiiig th(^ HJab
pier built by the city to the 10-foot contour in Green J5«y, and dredg-
ing between the piers and up the river to Section Strei^t Bridg(», a dis-
tance of about 2 miles, the piers to be parallel to each other and ir)(>
feet apart.
Present worlcs. — (1) Koi^th pier, 1,603 feet long, 20 feet wide. For 1 ,100
feet the piles are 5 feet apart; for the remaining 503 feet the i)ile8 art^
4 feet apart on the channel side, and 2 feet apart on tlie outer side, the
latter being provided with wale timbers, cross-ties and tie-rods. Tin*
filling is comi)osed of slabs and edgings ballasted with sand. (2)
South pier, 2,151 feet long, 20 feet wide. For 1,850 feet the piles arc*, 5
feet apart, the remaining 351 feet is close piling. The filling is coni-
]K)8ed of slabs and edgings ballasted with sand, except the outer 301*
feet, which is covered with 2 feet thickness of stone. (3) Tlie outer
side of the south pier, beginning 300 feet from the outer end for a dis-
tance of 1,000 feet, is protected from ice inessure by a lin(» of (dosc^ pil-
ing, thence shoreward for a distance of 850 feet by rijuap. (1) .Vddi-
tional stability is given to 1,850 feet of the south pier hy a line of piles
on the channel side 3 feet apart, provided with wale timlx^rs, (^ross-ties,
and iron tie-rods at intervals of 0 feet.
These piers were built in 1882-'85. The south pier is in good condi-
tion. Sections 9 to 23, inclusive, of the north pier, a distance of 75()
linear feet, were undermined by a freshet in April, ISDl, and very seri-
ously damaged by the filling settling in places to the water surface;
the remainder of tiie pier is in fair condition.
Depth of water. — Originally 2 fei^t, increased to 3A fe<'t by l(H*al <'>nter-
l>rise.
When dredging closed June 25, 1800, there was a depth of 10 feet at
the entrance, thence to the upper end of Spies Slough, a distanc<'. of
about 7,700 feet, there was a channel 8 feet in Hepth. This channel for
a length of about 2,900 feet had a width of from 50 to (>0 i\'ot, and the
remaining 4,800 feet a width of from IK) to 100 fe<tt.
Soundings made in Ainil, 1891, showed the governing depth at the
entramre to be 7J feet, and in the river (\h feet.
Operatums during the fincal year. — There were no o[)erations during
the fiscal year ending June .'iO, 1891.
Retnarkft and recommendations, — It is n<d (ieeuMMl a<lvisabh^ loretlll, in
its present condition, the portion of the north pi«'r dainag<Ml by a freshet
in April, 1891, a-s the ])iles are small, badly <leeaye<i, an<l have not suf
iicient penetration in the lake bottom.
2532 BEPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENOINEERS, U. 8. ASMT.
1
It will probably be nec^esstiry to drive a new line of piling for the
cliauiiol face of the pier aud ])rotect its outer face with riprap.
'i'o put it ill good order will exhaust the available funds.
The (h^trimental eflects to the chanuel in both river and harbor, duo
to the fn^shcts that occur every spring, seem to indicate the necessity
of providing some forui of revetment to guide the current and protect
the banks at various points in the river, if further improvement of tiie
river is made.
This is provided for in the estimate submitted in 1883, as it was then
anticipated that it might eventually become necessary.
For inaintenauce and preservation an appropriation of $6,000 is recom-
mended.
Kstimatrd cost (see Report of CI liofoi'Kiigmeors, 1K8H, page llM6) $150^000
Appropriated , 68^000
Money statement, *
July 1, 1890, balance nnexpended $3^7S2.M
J 111 ie 30, 1891; amount expended durmg fiscal year 767.75
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 2,96S.13
( A iiiouii t (estimated) required for completion of existinj^ project 92, OOOL flO
' A mount that can be profit ably expended in fiscal y ear ending Jiine90ylS93 6^000.00
( Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 18(>6 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOli TUK' CALEXDAK ^nBAR ENDIKO DECEIfBKR 31, 189(K
[Fiirnisbcd by Mr. Jobn Koonan.]
Name of liarbor, Oconto, AV is. ; collection district, Milwaukee, WiB. ; nearest ligU^
house, Sherwood Point, Wis.
Arrinils and dvjMrtnreif 0/ vrnseU
1
■
IVsi'viption.
Arrirals.
DqMntBiMi
Stt^ain
JTo.
138
Toms, > X9.
33.016 ' 1M
7Wm.
ie.Ni
1
rriHdpaJ ariivJcs of export and import,
Kxroirrs.
Artk'los.
Fipb....
Lumb«'r
Total
Total aj»piii\iiMalv \alin'. !j^7"jr>.«'iM).
IMI'OKTS.
Artii'lt'M.
RnVli
S;i\\ 111"-
1 mI.iI
QotBtUy.
Tmt.
9a,w
■
QantilT.
Tmt.
1 M
m.m
•1.
Total Hppioxiiiiad; \aliii-, $-'.'•• ♦,»KHJ.
APPENDIX LL ^REPORT OF MAJOR DAVIS. 2533
L L 6.
IMPROVEMENT OF PENSAUKKK IIARHOI?. WISUOXSIX.
Object. — ^To secure a navigable channel from (ireen Bay int^) the Pen-
saukee Biver.
Project — ^The original i)rqject, adopted in 1883, provides for continu-
ing a slab pier, which liad been built by private enterprise, until it
should reach the 10-foot contour in GreiMi Bay, and dredging a channel
south of it to a depth of 10 feet, and width of 100 feet, connec^ting the
deep water in the river with the deep water in the bay.
Present works. — (1) A slab pier, 1,300 feet long and 20 feet wide, filled
with slabs and edgings and ballasted^ with sand. It was built in 1883
and repaired in 1^5. (2) One thousand six hundred feet of slab pier,
built by private enterprise, was nearly all destroyed by a storm in 1885.
The destruction of this work left the portion of the piec built by the
United States a detached work.
Depth of water. — Originally 2 feet, increased by private enterprise to
from 7 to 9 feet for a width of 30 feet. The destruction of the portion
of the pier built by private enterprise by the storm of October, 1885,
resulted in restoring the channel to about its original condition.
A survey made in May, 1890, showed the governing depth to be 2.8
feet.
Operations during the fiscal year. — There have been no operations at
this harbor since the close of the season of 1885.
Remarks and recommendations. — There is no commerce at this har-
bor, and consequently no necessity for an appropriation for continuing
the improvement.
The pier built by the United States was examined when the survey
was made in May, 1890, and found to be in good condition.
Estimated cost (see Report of Chief of Engineers, 1883, page 1652) $50, 000
Appropriated 15,000
Money statement.
*
Jnly 1, 1890, balance unexpended $3, 801. 26
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 70. 00
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 3, 731. 26
( Amoiuit (estimated) required for completion of cxint in;; inoject 35, 000. 00
< Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
( harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
LL 7.
IBfPROVEMENT OF GREKX lUY TFARROl?, WISCONSIN.
Object. — ^To secure a more direct aiul (l<*(»|)er channel from Green Ray
into tbe mouth of Fox liiver, where the harbor of (ireen T>ay is hu'atecl.
Project. — The original project, adopted in 18G0, provided for dredging
a channel 200 feet wide and 12 feet deep from tlie mouth of the Fox
River, throfagh Grassy Island to, the 12-foot contour in (Ireen Bay, a
distance of about 8,8db feet, and revetting some (550 feet of tlie same at
Grassy Island. This project was completed in 1871.
A Buppleiueiitary project, a^lopt*")! in l*t7'-*, prni-iiji-fi tlif itrni^titei
the cLauutil and iticruusiug Jls dtsptti to lit leel. lu IHTl il was lU*
to iucrea.se the depth to 14 feet; this increased the length to t
10,«00 feet.
Prenettt works, — Revetments at Grassy lHlnnil. (1} West rovctjiM
li'M (fA'l long iind 14 feet wide, with eluse piling un the i-hannol t
and ftnclior piles ahout 5 l'c<-t apart on the outer Bide, 'i
perstrueture is 5 fert liifrh. This revetment was built in ISTO, rebi .
above water line in 1887, aud is in gooil condition. (2) liant revetinei
JO.'i fi-et loiip; mid 14 t« 17 i'eet wide, with close inling nu tlm cliann^
Hitli'. mill f<ii tlie bay side close piling for 42:'> fcef, and 1'..r I Nf rem ; tin in j:;
^S(i r.-ci pilrs about 5 feet apart. The tiinb.T siiijiTsiniriiire is 7 feet
]\'\!i\\. Tiiis levvlment was huilt in IJStill. relmili :iliuve w;der line in
issr.. :iiid is ill iriH"l eimdition.
Jiilitli «/ initrt: — < >ri;;i[iii.lly a narrow and eii-cuihms channel li feet in
depllj. Ill ISIHI ;i iint[;il channel It'ilt feet wide and 14 tcet deep w»»
<,oi[iiilet<'d. The niiiiLiiiing Ftt) feet in ividth had a Ueptli of IVom 12 to
I'd feel : the dredging of this to 14 feet in depth is nnder eontrac-.t and
in pr()gres».
(/peratUiim during the Ji^cal year. — Under tlie ftpucial agreement re-
ferred to in Iho Annual Iteport for ISiW, with the tlrccn Bay Dredge and
Pile Driver Company, liO,000 cubic yards of material were remo%'ed fi-om
flic eliiinnel. This work begun .Inly 1, and was i-ompleted September
".. 1S!»K
I'lider contract diiled Oeecmbcr 13, 1S!M), with Messrs. White &
Imiii-1i. .itliraiid ILneii. .Micli., fur dred^'iii;: ;5I1.00(I cubic yards, mon-
i>r IcsN. Ill i'ii]ii|ili'tv tli>' chiiiiuel tov tli<' t'lill width ctmtemplated, the
ttiirii Uvii:\n May 'K WM. and i;* in pniiireN^ at tlic clowt of the fiscal
year. To June 3(), 18!i1, !I,7;W cubic yards bad bc-en removed niidcr
lliis eontriu-t.
The pile proteetion at the noi'th end of the east revetment at Grasny
Island was I'enewed in September, 1890, at a cost of $I03.ttO, hy hir«d
labor and pnrohase of materials in open market.
Remiirks and recommeitdation». — For the maintenance of the channel
and preservation of the revetments at Gra^^sy Island an appropriation
of $10,000 is recommended for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.
KHtitDAted cost of preaent project (see Beport of Chief of En^eera, 1881,
page 3009) ?13^000
Appntpriated . 125, OOQ
Money statemfiitt.
I Joly 1, ISttO, linliuiue anexpeiiiliMl t7.3GS.TT
\ Amnnnt Kppri)priHl«d li; avl uppruvod September 19, 1890 lO.OOO.M
n.23S.T7
r'Jnno30, IttHl, u mount expended during Deool ycur T.dSO.IT
■ 'July 1, 1891, bolsnoe unexpended
[ JiUy I, 1891, outstauding liabilities 8I8.M
I July 1, IIWI, mnonnt covered by dq completed iitntrneta fi,24].0t(
[.July 1, JifflL. bulimte availuWo - S, I«.K
f.iuiuiiut (esliiuiiti.'il) retiiiired fur eouipli-tiun of existing projei'l lO.UUO.lW
AflUiiiiit lliBti<Hul)epr»llliiblre]:peiiduiltntlM«»l.venreiuirnKJnueSU>lH!M 10, OWVOO
Snbiuilli'ii []i I'mnjillnnre with i'»<iiiiirerneiiiH nt BiTiiimB 2iit river nud
APPENDIX LL ^REPORT OF MAJOR DAVIS.
2535
Abiiract of proposals for dredging Ureen Hay Barhor, Ditconsin, receiced in refipouse to
adwrUsement dated October £7, ISOO^ and opentd Woremhtr f', 1390, by Maj. CharUit
E. L, B. Dads, Corps of Rnpim-em.
Amonnt of appropriatiou avuilable for thiH work, $7,0(K).
Edtlmated amount of dredging, .S(>,00<) cubic yarib.
No.
1
o
•i
.1
4
5
Name and residence of bidder.
White & Finch. (Irand Havtm, Midi
Gre«u*H DnHlgin<; Coni|uu)y, (.'liir.H<;o. Ill
Wlllhiintt, Dougherty 6:. L' iihttui, Uuhith, Miuu
ChriHtophor H. Starke, Mirvraukee, Win
Green Bay Dredge and Pile Driver Company, Grt^Mi Itay, Win.
I>rlce
por cubic
yard.
Centt.
18
.'{5
M
25
181
With the «pjfroYal of the Chief of EngiiiorrH, a contract waH t'litcrcd into Decem-
ber 13, 1890, with .Wliite & Finch, tiic lowest rortpou8i!»Ic hiddcPH, lor this work.
GOBfMBRCIAL STATISTICS FOR TIIE CALENDAR YEAR BKDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[Furnished by Mr. Chos. A. Hartiing, deputy collector of customs.]
Name of harbor, Green Bay, Wis. ; collection district, Milwaukee, Wis. ; nearest
light-house, Qrassy Island, Wisconsin.
Arrivals and departures of vessels.
Description.
Steam.
SaU...
Total
Arrivals.
Dt'jmrtures.
1 Xo. Tout.
414 124,012
1 297 51, 155
Xn.
410
'.iU
Tons.
126.080
46,230
711
175, 197
744
172, a25
Increase of arriTals over 1889 142
Increase of departures over 1889 167
Principal articles of export and import,
EXPORTS.
Articles.
Barley
Beer
Brick
Cattle
Ccal and coke.
Cooperage —
Com
f«e.
Flour
Hay
gW
Uoraea
Iron and steed ...
IJme and oemeat
Lumber
Quantity.
Tons.
1,005
81
:i. 591
i;{7
104
404
:t6
Malt
Mereliandise (general)
Mineral water
Mill HtuftH . . A
Oats
Oil
Potatoes
7 ' liags
40 Rye
2.".. 090 Salt
:{20 , Sash, doors, and blindH
17 i Shingles
42 Wagons and carriages
2,500 ;! Wheat
50 '
»,521 I Total
Tons.
80
3.514
5;;8
4, 232
17
105
16')
2,100
144
12
2, 254»
9
1.372
50,595
2538 REPORT OF THi: CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ABUT.
PrinripaJ ortivlr'i f^f trport and import.
KXI'OIMS.
Artu-1«'M.
Ap]iU'S
IJark (t;iii)
Barley
Beans
Beer
Brick
Butter
Cattle
Cheosc
Egpft
Kiah
Flour
Ilav
llitW
Jlogs
Lath
Lime and ceincnt
I
(jiiiintity. ' Articles
Tout. '
T.V Liinilier ,
fi-'iO"! M ill KtutT*
701 oatH
U' IVan ,
105 I\ile« (teli*jsr:!ph)
•MO _ VoKts (fence)
7 ! Potatoes ,
]50 j Kve
fi Sfteep ,
45 Sliinj;lc«
3tHJ I Stonol
1H7J Tie* (rail nwil)
(MM) I Wlu^t
r> ; ^VooU
24 Wool
:u,37ri j
'-',175 I Total
Quantity.
Am.
870, OM
1«
If
750
«
37
130
»
30.0U0
»o.eoo
S.650
M
4
e»,wk
IMPORTS.
Aprii'ultiiral iini»lenient«
A]>i>les
IJarlvv
l>«'ans
JUt-r
<'atil«'
< 'hairs
<'oai ami «-nkr
Klimr
Fnniitiirt*
li<i;^rt
Irtin and stt"**!
Leather
Tt'tis.^ : Am.
H2^ Lime and cement : M
'JO ^ferrhandiHO (general) t, ON
j:!i Millatuffs I 100
« (rtl I 2»
70 1 Master (land) 100
150 Pork and beef ' S4
100 Provisions ' S
•J.(KM» Salt I,0W
1(( Sash, doors, and IdiniiM 25
"J^M WaKons and ciuriages ; n
4rf Wooden ware U
COO .
n i Total : it,l4l|
L L g.
TMPKOVKMKNT OF AHXAPKE HARHOR, WISCONSIN.
Ohjcct. — To s(Hun* ;i small arfiticial liarhor for local pur|>ofle8 in the
Ahiia|HM' Ri\ «T with a iiavifj^able chaiiiiel lesuling thereto from Lake
Micliitifan.
Projvvi. — The project of iin[)roveiiHMit adopted in 1875 provided for
tlie forination of a small artilidal harbor connected with the lake by a
channel 100 fet^t wide and 12 feet deep, to be formed by the constrac-
tioii of two ])iers exteiidiiij^f from the shore line to the 18-foot oontonr
ill the lake: also for blasting and dredging rock from the river bed
iM^ar its mouth for a distauee of 750 feet.
hi aecordanee with a modilieation of the original protect^ approved
Se]>teiii]>er 27. 1S84, the cribs sunk in extension of the piers have been
])lac«Ml 50 fet^t farther from th<» center line of the channel than the old
])i(M*s, and will aOord, when completed, a 200-foot entrance between the
])icrlM*ads.
/*nsrnt works. — (1) North i)ier, 1,102 feet in length, composed of 353
tee! <»r pile pier, .S20 feet of which is 14 t'wt wide and 32 feet 20ftet
wide: also 7."iO tet^t of cribs 20 feet wide. (2) South pier, 1,126 fieet in
hMi-^th. «omposed of ()2.'i feet of pile pier 14 feet wide and 600 feet of
ciil»s 20 n^et wide.
■ u ■ 1
APPENDIX LL l?KPOI?T OF MA.InR DAVIS. 2537
In April, 1S91, nil iiis|M.M'<i<)ii of tlu* work showed ihnt the i^iiirio ]>il
ing, built in ISSI, was ronsidcrnhly <1«'<:iy<M|, ;iM<i lluit the Jionis ol' tlie
cribs that form the pierhejuls (►('(lie north uiid soutli piers were broken
above and below the water surl'ju*e. The daiiiiige t<o the piers was evi-
dently caused by vessels strikin;^ when entering the harbor, and by
the movement of ice floes. In other resi)eets the cribs wore in good
condition.
Depth of wat^. — Soundings were made April 23, 1891, and at that
date the depth at the entrance varied from 15 to 16 feet; thence to the
canal the least depth was 13.1 feet. In April, 1890, the depth was
13.7 feet, indicating that a shoaling of 0.6 of a foot had occurred during
the past year.
Operations during the fiscal year, — ^Tliore were no operations during
the iiscal year ending June 30, 1891.
RemarJcs and recommendations, — An estimate based on the survey
made in April, 1891, indicates that tlie removal of 13,200 cubic yards
of material is necessary to form a channel 120 feet wide and 16 feet
deep.
It is contemplated to do this work, and make the necessary repairs
to th& pierheads, by hired labor and purchase of materials in open
market during the present working season.
For tfhe maintenance of the channel and piers an appropriation of
$5,000 is recommended for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1893.
Estimated cost (see Report of Chief of Engineers, 1874, Part 1, page 141) . . . $180, 000
Appropriated 168,000
Money siaieinent.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $91. 66
Amount approi)riated by act approved September 19, 1890 3, 000. 00
3, 091. 66
June 30, 1891, amount expended during iiscal year 66. 31
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 3, 025. 35
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities 70. 00
July 1, 1891, balance available 2,955.35
{Amount (estimated) required for completion of existing project 12, 000. 00
Amount that can be profitably expended in fiscal year ending .June 30, 1893 5, 000. 00
Submitted in compliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and har-
bor acts of 1866 and 1867.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[FamUhed by Hon. E. S. Minor. Superint^^ndont Sturgeon Lay and Lake Michigan Ship Canal and
Harbor Company, and Dr. Frank Mullen.]
Name of harbor, harbor of refuge at entrance of Sturgeon Bay Canal, Wisconsin ;
collection district, Milwaukee, Wis.; nearest liglit-liouse, on north pierhead,
entrance to harbor.
Arrivals and departures of vessels.
Description.
ra.ssa^f8 through the
canal and harbor.
Steam
:{. 084
Sail ti.435
Total I 0.139
I
Tans.
r.72, 643
381,704
954, 4U7
2538 EEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Principal articles of export and import.
E\ POUTS.
Artit'lcH,
Applea
Bark (tmi)
Barley
Beans
Beer
Brick
Butter
Cattle
Cheese
?&!r:;:::;:;:..;;;
Floor
Hay
Hides
Hogs
Lath
Lime and cein«»nt.
Quantity.
Articles.
Tons.
u '
105
360
7
150
5
45
300
107i
600
24
34,375
2,175
Lumber
MilUtiiffs
OatH
I*ea8
Poles (tele^rapli)
PosU (fence)
Potatoes
Kye
Sheep
Shingles
Stone]
Ties (railroad) . .
Wheat
Wood
Wool
Total
Quantity.
2Vm«.
270,000
100
10
750
68
37
120
2»0
12
30,000
280,000
2,650
:{00
5,000
4
628, 223|
IMPORTS.
I 'font. ,
Agricultural implom(>nt8 1 82^
Apples ' 20
Barley 23^
lieans 6
Beer 70
Cattle 150
Chairs 100
Coal and coke 2, 0(K)
Flour 16
Furniture ' 236
Hogs 48
Iron and steel 600
Leather IJ
Lime and cement
Merchandise (general) .
MillstutTs
Oil
l^laster (land)
l*ork and beef
Provisions
Salt
Sash, doors, and hliiiuM.
Wagons and cai-riages .
Woodenware
Tont.
261
3,000
100
225
100
24
5
G.OOO
25
31
18
Total 13,142|
I
L L g.
IMPKOVKMENT OF AlINArKE HARHOT?, \V1S( ONSIX
Object. — To s(M-in'(' u siiiall artificiiil liar])or lor local i)urj)Oses in tlie
AlinaiMM' Wivvv with a navigable cliaiiiH'l leading tlierot4) from Lake
Micliij^aii.
Frojcci. — The proJ(M*t of iinprovenient acloptM in 1875 provided for
tlie foriiiation ot* a small artifieial harbor connected with the lake by a
channel J(M> feet wide and 12 feet dec^p, to be formed by the eonstnic-
tion of two piers extending from the shoreline to the 18-foot contour
in the lake; also for blasting and dredging rock from the river bed
near its mouth for a distance of 750 feet.
In a<!Cordan(;e with a inodiii<*ation of the original project, ai)proved
Septemlu^r 27, 1884, the cribs sunk in extension of the piers have been
])laced 50 fe(»t farther from th(> center line of the channel than the old
])iers, and will afford, when completed, a 2()0-foot entrance between the
j)iei'heads.
Present icorlxs. — (1) North ]ner, 1,102 fec^t in length, composed of 352
fed of pile pier, 320 feet of which is 14 feet wide and 32 feet 20 feet
wide; also 750 fe(»t of cribs 20 feet wide. (2) Scmth pier, 1,125 feet in
hMigth, composed of 025 feet of pile x)ier 14 feet w ide and 500 feet of
cribs 20 feet wide.
»
APPENDIX TiL RKPOKT OK MAJOR DAVIS. 2^30
The pile-pievs were built in 1S71 1.S74. Tliosonlh pin- wjis sluM-t pilt^d
In 1880; Mit* north |>ii»r is not. y<^t |>rovi<Ied \>ilh sIhmM pilinj*-. Tin* su-
perstructui'e is considerably decayed and Avill soon require, renewal; in
other respects both piers are in good conditiini.
The crib piers were built in 1875-i88t), and art* in *^^HH^ <ondition.
J)epth of water. — Originally 2 feet. Sonndings made in Nov(Mnber,
1890, showed a depth of water at the ontraneo of n»A U^i'i, and a chan-
nel near the south pier about 60 fo<»t wi(l<', with a h^ast depth of llj
feet.
One-third of the arcA from which rock has ])e<»n (^xcavattnl has the
i*e4|uired depth of 12 feet; over the other two-thirds tht^ avtMage depth
is about 9 feet.
Operations during tlie fiscal year. — l>y hiicd labor and i)nrciniso of
materials in open market 200 linear feet of suj^erstructun* w(*re built
over cribs Nos. 12 to 15 of the north pier, and minor rc^pairs wen* nnide
to the south pier. This work was comph4(»d in NovendK*r, ISfM).
Remarks and recommendations. — To complete the project the follow-
ing work is required: One hundred linear feet of cribs for extending
each pier 50 feet; 200 linear feet of guide piling to connect the main and
detached piers; 350 linear feet of sheet piling to the north pier; .'M),000
cubic yards of dredging sand, clay, etc., and the removal of about 4,000
cubic yards of rock by drilling, blasting, and dredging.
Tt is contemplated expending the funds now available in sheet i)iling
the north pier and dredging 20,000 cubic yards, more or less, of sand,
etc.
There remains but 80,000 unappropriated of the estimate submitt(Ml
in 1875 for the completion of this work. This amount is insufth'ient,
and will require an increase of $10,000, or a total of ?? 10,000, for its com-
pletion.
This increase over the estimate submitted in 1875 is ('hiefly due Uy a.
breach that occurred at the inner end of the north i)ier that added
largely to the quantity of sand dredging required, and to a seam in tin*.
ro<!k at a depth of about 0 feet that rendennl the blasting more diflicult
and expensive than was then anticipated.
Estimated cost (see Report of Chief of EnginocrK, 1876, Part II, pages
346-359; 1880, page 1910) $17r),000
Appropriated 106, fXX)
Money Htntement,
Jidy 1, 1890, balance unexpended $1, 163. 30
Amount appropriated by act approve<l September IIK ISJM) 6, 000. 00
7, 16:^. 30
June 30, 1891, amount expended during fiscal year 2, VM\. 4t»
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 1, 726. 84
r Amount (estimated) required for coinideiion of existinu: project 9, 000. 00
J Amount that can be profitably expended ill Hscnl yriiremliiii^.hnu' Si), \X\Y.\ 19, (XK). 00
\ Stibmitt-ed in compliance with reipiirenients of sections 1 of river and
t harbor acts of \>m and 1S67.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CAL1':^'I>AK YKAR p:\r>TXr, DI'C I.MItKK J<1, 1800.
[FnniiNhea by Mr. M. T. Parker.]
Name of harbor, A biiape.e, Wis.; collection <listrict, Milwanlvee, Wis. ; nearest
light-house, Kewaunee, ^^ is.
2540 KEl'OllT OF TfllC CITIHF OF KXOINEKRS, U. S. ARMY.
./irrirah nnd dt^parturea of re8SfU.
lV8<.'riptioii.
Steam
Sail
Total
Arrivals.
No.
342
297
Ton*.
191,375
. 24,622
639
215,997
Departures.
No.
341
293
634
TOUM.
191,288
24,517
215,805
rrincipiil articles of export and import.
EXPORTS.
Artiolos.
hark (tan) .
Itarh'v
iJrirk
Hutter
Cattle
Chairs
Cheese
('lover seed
I.X:;::::
Floor
Fiimitiire..
Hay
Hides
Hogs
I^iimbcr
Quantity.
Tons.
1. 100
188
200
67^
600
2i
500
30
75
150
215
9
1,200
25
16
875
Articles.
>; Mill stuffs....
Oats
Peas
I*ork and beef.
Posts (fcuwi) . .
Potatoes
Kxigs
Rye
Sheep
Shingles
Ties (railroad)
Wluytt
Wood
Wool
Total
(Quantity.
Tout.
70
:i20
3.300
18
2,775
300
20
280
ao
750
5,950
3,600
10,000
10
32,000
Total ai>]iroxiniate value, $450, 0(K).
IMPORTS.
Article.
Asrirultural iinidcnieiits i
A i)pl«:rt
IJarU'.v
lieauH
Iteer and liquors
Cattlo
(Jliairs
(Joal and coko
(>orn
Flour
Furniture
Iron Tfind .st<M;l
Lath
Leather
Inline and couu'iit
Lumber
Machinery (heavy)
Total approxi mat «• \.i\iu-. $<(•() ono.
Quantity.
Ttmg.
:VM)
12"
;{
17')
:h)
5
TJ.')
4:>
•J0(5
72i
2. 250
JOO
Article.
Marble and granite
Merchandi»e (^■iueral)
Mill stuffs
OatH ,
Oil
iNias
ria«t«r (land)
I*«»rk ami bet^f
Provisions
Salt
Sjusli, doors, and blinds
Sheep
Sh iu;rles
WajuoUR, rarria;;ea, and Hlei^ih-s.
Woodenware
T<»tal
Quantity.
Tons.
10
3, 250
50
8
225
6
165
(>
4G2i
240
12*
•>
GO
250
4
8,915
L L 10.
IMPROVFMKXT OF KKWAUXKF HARBOR, WISCONSIN.
Ohjcet. — To secure :i iiavi«i;ible rliniincl from Liiko Miehipin into tlie
Kewauii^c Kiver where the. hiirbor of Kewiiunee is situated.
Project. — The project for the improvenieiitof this harbor was adopted
ill ISSl, and j^rovides for the forinatioii of a cliannel from a point about
L',(MM> feet south of the original mouth of the Kewaunee liiver through a
spit of land about 3(K) feet wide, affording communication between Ihe
river and Lake Michigan. From th<' lake end of this eut two parallel
APPENDIX LL ^RKPOKT OF MAJOK DAVIS. 2541
\nerH 200 feet apart arc to Im^ (runstruct<»d, eiidi 1,<>5() feet loii^, cxt<'ii(l-
iug to tlirt 18-fo<)t contour, lietween ilie, piers :iu(l throuj^li tlie ent the,
eliaimel is to be drediLced to a deptli of li feet.
Present works. — Pile piers lined with sliect piliji;^:: (1) The. north pirr
is 1,000 feet long and 10 feet wide, (li) The south pier is 1 ,07;") feet lon^j^
and 16 feet wide. They were built in 18.S1-1889, and are in good eondi
tion.
Depth of water. — Orighially 2 feet. Soundings made Ai)ril 2, 1801,
showed a channel about 40 fe^t wide, with a least dci)th of 11 feet. Since
that date this has been increased to a depth of 14 feet and a width of
120 feet.
Operations during the fiscal year. — By hired labor and jnirc'liase of
materials in oi>eu market, repairs were made to the dredging plant, and
li^i cords of stone were phiced in the south pier at placets where undue,
settlement had occurred.
Fi-om October 23, 1800, to June 20, 1801, United States Dredge No.
2 removed 77,790 cubic yards of material from the channel.
Under contract dated December 13, 18<K>, with Mr. John IM. l>org-
nnm, of Kewaunee, Wis., for the construction of 3(M) linear leet of pihi
l>ier, work was begun May 15, 1801, and is in i)rogress at the close of
the fiscal year. The work is progressing favorably, and will probably
l>e completed by September 15, 1891.
Remarks and recommendations. — The conditions of this place are un-
usually fiworable for the construction and maintenance of an ex<*ellent
harl)or.
The approved project provided for the construction of 3,300 linear
feet of pier; of this amount 2,075 linear feet are c<mipleted, and 3(M)
linear feet under contract, to be coini)leted on or before Septi^niber 15,
1891.
The proposed railroad between Green Bay and Kewaunee, ref(»rred
to in the last Annual Report, is in proct^ss of construction, and will
pix)bably be completed before the close of the present year.
Thij^hne will connect with a line of steamers to be establislu^d to ])ly
between Kewaunee, Wis., and Manistee or Ludingtou, Mich., forming,
in connection with existing railroad lines, a through route from the
West to the seaboard, and will add materially to the importance of this
harbor. .
Should an appropriation be made for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1893, it is contemplated to expend it chiefly in pier construction. An
appropriation of 175,000 is recommended. ,
Kstimated cost (see Report of Chief of EDgiuerrs, 1881, pjixo -'OHl) $200, IKK). UO
Appropriated by the United States $75, CKK ). (M)
Appropriated by the local authorities S. 0 1 2. 72
83, 012. 72
Money fttatcment.
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $18S. 2:^
Amount appropriated by act api)rovi»d 8(^)1 »'iiil>rr 19, 1?<JH) 20, 000. 0()
20, 188. 2;J
June 30, 1891, amount expended during lisral y<;ir 0, 107. 77
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 1 1, 080. 40
July 1, 1891, amount covered by uncompleted (.'onl rarts 10. 000. (M)
July 1, 1891, balance available 1,080. I(>
i Amount (eHtiiuatr<Hl) i'e((uiri>(l fm- rouijild ion i>r rxisliu!.'. |»riiit'«-l . Il(;.9r»7. 2S
Amoiuitthat(!anbe|»r«»titHbl,v*>\)»iiMl('il in lisral m-.u i-ii«lin<^.iiiiii-:ui. imi;; ;.., ihh». (h»
Silbuiitteil in coinpli:ui('(t willi i4'i|nin'in*nl.» oT s<m j inn.-^ 2 nl livi-i and
harbor acta of imi and 1807.
2542 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGIKBEE8, U. 8. ARHT.
Alitlract of pruputalt for biiildiHg 300 linear feet of pier exl«iuiu>> at Setnauitee Harbm;
Wiicontin, reteiced in mpouM la ailepiU'eaient dated October ^, ISOO, a»d opened No-
rrmher^S, ISOO, bg Mnj. Chan. K. L. if. Diirh, Corps of Engincen.
Auioiiut of ii|i]iniiiri
ri uviiilubl» fur thin work, 910,000.
Ko,
I.i(lil.n-.
1
I-
It
1
m
M
33
•18
Pi
1
■if
1
r
1
s
7
Ch«lei> Slmoiio. Tw..
Kivi.m.Wi*
Willliuii Kiim-ni! liiiU-ii-
EalTor Jph'nii'iiilBnd'
Cb»rlM Dt'.lTii'li, !>Ilf>lil-
f'rntt
■a
ID
...»
lU.OU
w.(w
47. .'HI
so.im
at
EH
M
13
20
B.2S
t.e.-.
::
'J
lO.nSI.M
W, I.W,1J
io,wi,a
L KNUIKU HKCEMBKH 31, 189().
I'. S«>-k, iii;.y..r i.f Kun
.^rriroJn a«d rf(;/i«r/«r''» -i/' i-imsnU.
Arrivuta. I l>,.i«irt,.n'*.
lui, IMS I n7:i I iM. uk:
13.421 I 213! 13.W
APPENDIX LL REPORT OF MAJOR UAVIS.
2543
Principal articles of export and import.
EXPORTS.
Articles.
Quantity. ';
Artirli'H.
Bark (tan) 1,;{20
Barley 235
Brick ; 2,000
Butter 90
Cattle I 150
Cheese 250
E^« ; 2i
Fwb 45
Hay ! 1,000
Hides 7§
Lumber 2, <KM»
Ht^rcbaniliHe (general) 1 , ?»«»()
Mill stnfls 3, 2(M)
Oats Go
Tutal a)>proxiinnt6 value, $450,000.
Pejis
Plaster (Isiiid). .
Pork ami brrf .
Posts (frnr»*.) . .
I*otatoe»
Rye
iSbinjiloM
Stone
Ties, (ruilroatl)
Wb.at
W<MHI
W(K)1
T(»l;il
Quantity.
Tohg.
\i, 3(M)
75
5
1,387
60
70
o«jr;
7,000
4,900
1,500
2,40<J
[h
32, 7K8i
IMPORTS.
Articles.
Beer
Chairs
Coal and coke
Com
Iron and steel
Lath
Leather
Lumber
Malt
Total approximate value, $300,000.
Quantity.
Tons.
75
180
Art.icb^H.
Mercbaiuliwo (^ciuTal) .
, Oil
3 I Salt
250 Sash, doors, ami l)liiiilM.
Sbingb'H
Wa;ious and ciiiriagrs
"WoiMlen ware
168
200
14
12
210
2J
Total
Quantity.
Tons.
1,200
180
270
5
45
124
2. 829
L L II.
IMPROVEMENT OF TWO RIVEKS HARBOR, WISCONSIN.
Object. — ^To secure a navigable channel from Lake Michigan into Twin
Kivers, where the harbor of Two Rivers is situated.
Project. — ^The project for th<5 improvement of this harbor, adopted in
1870, provided for the construction of two parallel j)icrs extending* from
the river mouth to the 18-foot contour in Lake Micliigan, and dredging
between them to a depth of V2 feet.
Present works. — Pile and crib piers: (1) Korth pier, L,810 feet long,
composed of 1,060 feet of pile pier 14 feet wide and 750 feet of cribs 20
feet wide. (2) South pier, 1,710 feet long, (•oinposed of 1)00 feet of pile
pier 14 feet wide and 750 feet of cribs 20 feet wide. Tlie pile piers were
Imflt in 1871w'74 and the cribs in 187r)-'84. The latt<»r are in good con-
dition, but some filling and repairs will be required to the piling at an
early date.
Tippth of water. — Originally from 2 to 3 feet. Tn Novenil)er, 1890, a
channel f>0 feet wide and 1 2 iWt deep was completed. Soundings made in
Axwil, 1891; showed that at a point opi)Osite the noitli shore line the
2544 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ASMT.
12-foot cliannel was reduced to a width of 30 feet; the least depth at
the entrance was 12J feet.
Operations during the fiscal year. — By hired labor and purchase of
materials in open market, pile bulkheads for tlie protection of the north
and south piers were built, and minor repairs made to the north pier.
In October and November, 1890, Uniti^d States dredge No. 1 removal
22,495 cubic yards of mat(?rial IVom the channel.
Remarks and recommendations. — ^The steam tugs at this harbor are
employed in the fishing trade and towage of rafts from the northern
end of Lake Michigan and Green Bay, therefore they are not available
for towing sailing vessels seeking entrance into the harbor; hence when
the wind is unfavorable they are obliged to " beat " in. The water being
shoal near the shore ends of the har]S)r piers, they sometimes touch bot-
tom when well inside tlie harbor entrance. It would therefore be desir-
able to dredge the channel 12 feet deep the full width between the piers.
This would require the removal of about 32,000 cubic yards of material.
For the formation of a Avider channel, maintenance of the same, and
j)reservatioii of tho i)i('rs an ai)|)ro])riation of $6,000 is recommende<l
for flic tisciil y<'jn' ondin^' A\\\w .Jl), 189.'5.
Ksliiiuitrd rnsl (scr KN'port i.rChicrol' Kii^niHM!irt, 1«71, page 12:5) JjC'tio, 588. HO
Appropriated 203, 500. (K)
Money statement.
,] Illy 1, 1890, halaiice unexpended '. $551. 4 1
Amount appropriated by act approved 8eptenil)er 19, 1890 3, 000. CK)
3,551.41
Juno 30, 1891, auioun t expended during; fiscal year 2, 690. 43
J uly 1, 1891, balance unexpended 860. 98
Amount (estimated) required lor comidetion of exintinjo: project 62, 088.80
Amount that can ho j»r<dit abl y expended in lineal year end in j?. June 30, 1893 6, 000. 00
Submitted in compliance with requin'ments of sections 2 of river and
liarl)or acts of 1S06 and 18(>7.
COMMKliCIAL STATISTUS I'OU TlIK CALENDAR YKAR KNDING DECEMBER 31,1890.
I KiiriiisluMl by Mr. li. E. MiU'ller.)
Name of liarlMU-. Two Kivers, Wis.: collcflion district, Milwaukee, Wis.; nearest
li«;ht-house on north pierhead. Two K'ivers, Wis.
An 'nulls mul (IrjKirtunti (tf vfHsels.
Sii'.'jin
'|..t;,I
! 'i >>i I i|il iitii.
Arrivals.
Departures.
Ton*.
Tons.
8. 1(>5
- 16. .V23
1
APPENDIX LL ^HEPOBT OF MAJOR DAVIS.
2545
PnNcipal articles of export and import.
Articles.
AjcriculiuTHl imp1(*Tnont8
Apples
BaTk<taii)
Bar! ey
Iteans
Beer
Batter
Cattle
Cliairs
Cheese
Jig".::::::::::::::::::.:
Flour
Fomitare
Hay
Hides
Hogs '.
Iron and »tet'I
Leather
Lainber
Morchanflise (numeral) . . .
Millstufl's
EXl'OUTS.
Quantity.
Tons.
10
30
176
75
2
1,050
13^
282
165
32
m
700
1,790
86
3,200
30
26
30
a, 05<>
1.300
510
Total approximate value, $2, 600, 000.
Artii-lo8.
Oil ,
Peas
Plaster (laml)
Pork and lui't"
Poles (tel«!;{rai>li)
Posts (fence)
Potat<M's
Provisions
Ryo
Saw logs
Sheep
Shingles
Stone
Ties (railroml)
"Wagons an«l carriages
Wheat
VTiml ^.
"Wooilcii wan) . *
Wool
Toljil
(Quantity.
Touif.
•>T1
-<4
144
ll»,()(N)
W)
408
•>*>•>
4,<WM
480
U
IlK
fM»0
88
60
3, 080
476
15
978
750
10,771
1 52, loU
IMPORTS.
Articles.
Ai^cultnral implements
Apples
Barley
Beans
Beer, wine, and liquors
Brick
Bu tt-er
Cattle
Chairs
Cheese
Coal and coke
Com
Fish
Flour
Fnmitnn'
Hay
HiAes
Hogs
Iron and st«^t*l
Lath
Total approximate value, $3,400,000.
Quantity.
Tons.
60
70^
414
1,435
6,400
1
444
24
1
28,000
1,120
30
602
152
7,200
32
62
43
1,237 J
Articles.
LeAtlier
j Lime and cement
' Lumber
I Malt
Marble
I Me.rchandiH(5 (general)..
; Mill stutls
I Oats :
: Oil
Plaster (land)
Pork and l>eef
Provisions
Salt
Sash, doors, and blinds .
Sawlogs
Shingles
AV^agons and rj«rri;«iieM..
avo«hi :
Total
(Quantity.
Tons.
7i
464
6,300
11
2
3. 000
40<)
384
945
10,000
55
^
690
30
00. (HH)
1.2:n>
8. OOO
139,474
L L 12.
DiPEOVEMENT OF MANITOWOC HARBOR, WISCONSIN.
Object. — ^To secure a navigable channel from Lake Michigan into the
3IaDitowoc Eiver, where the harbor of Manitowoc is sitnatcd.
FtqfecL — ^The original prqiect, adopted in 1852, jirovided for the con-
stmction of two parallel crib piers, 220 feet apart, extending from the
monih of the Miuiitowoc Eiver to the 12-foot contour in Lake Michigan.
It was completed in 1871. In 1881, to meet the increased demands of
commerce^ a project was adopted for extending the piers to the 18A-foot
XNa W- 160
2546 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGIXEEKS, U. S. ARMY.
iMUitour aud obtaiiiiu|r a chaunel of not less than 14 feet depth at the
shore line, inereasinfj to 18 feet at the entrance. Pier extension under
this project was completed in 1887, and the dredj^uj? i» J^^-
In 181K) a ])rojeet for an exterior bi*eak water 400 teet long was sub
mitted.
Piemnt icorlcH.—Vvih piors: (1) North pier, 1,070 teet long, eomposetl
of 1,220 feet of cribs 20 feet wide antl 750 feet 24 feet wide; (2) Houtli
l>ier, 1,1XM> teet \o\v^. eoniiM)sed of 1,150 feet of cribs 20 feet wide unil
75<) feet 24 feet wich'.
Ihpth of icatn\ — Originally 3 ftH.*t. A survey made April 11, 1801.
showed a dc»pth at the entrance of fiH>m U\h to 18 feet, and a eliunnel
between the piers 70 feet wide and 14 fet^t deep; this Avas ineream^l by
dredging in ^lay and June, 1891, to 75 feet wide and 10 fwt deep.
OjwratiouH during the JifU'ol year. — Under contract dated Decendier
i;3, ISIK), with ^lessrs. Truman and Cooper, of Manitowoc, Wi»., for n»-
buihling above the water line VAX) linear feet, more or less, of the north
X)ier, work was begun May 20, 1801.
On flune .SO, 1801, alxMit 400 linear feet had been completed and the
remainder was well umh'r way.
ruder a s])e4*ial agreement made April 23, 1891, with Me-ssiv. Truman
and <'(M)per, of Manitowoc, Wis., 0,464.3 cubic yaifls of material wen-
reinov4'd froiu the 4'hannel by dredging.
Hy hir4*d lalN>r an<l pun*hase of materials in oi>en market, 17.0 coiils
of stont* wen' a]>pli4Ml as riprap and filling of the south pier at places
where undue s4»tthMneut hatl (Krurre<l.
Remarks and rvrommendationn. — The north pier was completinl in
188.">, an4l th4» siuith i>ier in 18S7, and the div<lging in 1S80.
About IMM) f4»et of the inshore superstructure is 20 years old ur nmn-.
It is badlv ihM-avtMl and should be n»built ab4)ve the water line witluMit
delay.
As stattMl ill the last annual re]>(U't, Manitowm? has a harlKir of gn»w-
ing importan<'e an<l the (iovermnent has ex|M'ndetl up to date nearly
;?;i<M),000 in harlM)r imi)rovements, which the rapid growth of the city
has shown to be mon4\v wisely expended. Much complaint has Im-cu
ma4le fnmi th4' V4'ry tirst of the ditticulty exiH'rienced by vessels lying
just inside of tin* harbor <luring northeast storms, and plans of extiTJor
l)reakwat4»rs ha vt* been suggest eil as far back as li873. Li ISSli a re|Mirt
was submittal to the Chief of Engineei's by Captain Marshall on this
subject. His opinion was that the river should be dredged inside
beyond the bends of the river, that being the cheapest solution of the
ditli<ulty. Colonel Houston was also of the opinion that the pro]H»r
plac4» for the* harbor was inside or beyontl the river bends. Since then
the 4-oinbiuation ofthre'c railroads, the Lackawanna^ the Lake Shon*
and Wi^steru, and tlu' Flint and Pere Mai*qnette, promises to bring
about a great dt^vehtiuiient of business at this |)oiut and gives thisqm>s-
tioii of harbor prot4'4'tion additional in]i>ortance.
In order to make this thnmgh i-oute of transiKirtation a snccTess the
I'Mint and IVre Manpietre boats must run all winter, the same as the
Cirand Hav4Mi anel Milwaukee boats. Experience with the latter line
at Milwaukee has shown that the landing docks must be in the imine-
4liat4' vicinity of tlu' lake* and not a mile or more npa river, as would he
the 4*ase at Manitow4K* should an interior dredged harbor be insisted
uiKni. for ill tht» si^vere winters of that latitude it would be impossiMe
to keej) the river op4Mi anil available.
It wmihl thtnefon* seem that some plan of exterior protectiou should
hr (iiN iscd tor this harlKa-. A crib work 4(N) ft*etlongy huilt at an Ang^t«
of a I Mil It iTi tlfortH's, with the line of (liirction of the piets and abont
APPKNIJIX 1.L — KEK)Kr OF MAJUK DAVIS. 2i')47
600 feet beyoud the lnk» end ol' tbe iioi'tli put, pi-aiiiiJHes ti^wd ichuUs
»ud could bo built for about $<-lfl,(HH). In oi'ib-i'toinmm>tbi>b<>stn>sultK
tluH money aliould all be available at oneo and tlie untiiit bit'akwater,
Huperatructure and all, built in one HCaxuu, as a pai'tiiilly foinjtletitil
bi'eak water, without eupersti'Hctnre and lights, would bu a dangerous
obsti'uctioD.
Thu river and harbor act approved Hepteniber 19, 181H), contained a]i
appropriation of $8,000 for this liarbor, with the following proviso:
Anil thii ensiiieei in chargu, with tho ikppruvul of tbu (ieuretury of War, may use
snch ]iiirt of the above appropiiatiou In uic constraction of an oator breakwater aa
he may ile4-m proper.
It wan deemed advisable to expend the full amount of the appropria-
tion for rebuilding «ui>er8tructure and deeiiening the ehainu-l for tlio
i-eauoD tJmt tbii< work was urgently needed, and the anionnt -wan too
small to begin the constrnctioii of a breakwater.
For the preservation of the piers and maintenance of the channtO
an appmpriatioTt of $8,000 is recommended for the fiscal year end-
ing June 30, 1893, and for an exterior breakwater an iipjrtopriation of
%40,000 ia recommended.
]<>tiiaateil coat (see Heport of (!liwf of Encci"(>en>, ISKl. pitfce^lKM) .... $308, ltL'.54
.Vdiittiuiial estimate for u hreiiliwHirv (ncc'Ki'iiovt nfcliii-r of KiiKiiifi-rs,
1890, page 2345) 40, 000. 00
Total 348,182.54
Appropriated 307,820.00
Money statement.
.Inly 1, 1890, balance nnexponduii 175!!. til
.Anioiiut appropriated by act approved Septemhev lit, IWO 8, 000. 00
8.759.61
Jnno 30, 1891, amoimt expended duriug tiscnl year 3, 6!U. 02
.luly 1, 1891, balaoice nnexpi-'udiMl 5,0(Ki.59
.Fnly 1, 1891, outstanding Imbilities f!i;iO.H:[
July 1, 1S91, amount covered by iincompii-tpd ('o:itrn<'tH 3, 33i<. f>1
■l,2tH.57
July 1, 1891, balance available WJ1.02
(Amount (estimatwl) reqniTod foi completion of cxiHtint; project 40,362.>>4
Amonulthatconl)BprofitftblyoxpendiidiiLtiB«alyearpniiiiig.lune30,l«l3 «,OIX).O0
Snbmitted in comjilianoo with roqni rumen ts of Boctions 2 of riviT iind
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
JbtlraclofpropotaUfor buildiitg GOO tiuear feel ef pier mpfrHructure at Mnnilowoii Bar-
bor, FI'MeoMi*, receirerf (« rcponse to ail\frlinmcHl dtiird (k-loher ^7, 1S90, and opened
Soitmber SS, 1890, by Maj. Chaa. E. L. B. Dania, Corpn of EngmterK.
Amount of appropriiition aviiilalilit for the work, $-%500.
u
inOuTnuiAn, aiuI <rc«,i
*df, Whf
: JNitwW'.tiallainiy, Kwiir
2548 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
With the approval of the Chief of Engineers, a contract was entered into Decem-
ber 13. 1890, with Horatio Truman and George Cooper, the lowest ros|H)U8ible bid-
dors, lor this work.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CALENDAR TEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[Fumiflhod by Mr. Fredorick Sohaotte.]
Naino of harbor, Manitowoc, Wis. ; collection district, Milwaukee, Wis. ; nearest
light-house, Manitowoc, Wis.
Arrirah and depart arcs of vessels.
Description.
Stoain
Sail
Tdtal
AxriralB.
No.
738
250
088
Tons.
850,210
68,280
416,400
Departures.
JSTo.
742
268
vDB
Tons.
360,310
58,007
416, 317
Principal articles of export and import.
EX1»0RTS.
Articles.
Agricultural iniploiuontH
Barley
Brick
Butter
Cheese
Com
Eegs
Floiir
Funiituro
If ay
lieatlu^r
Limibcr
Quantity.
Total anproxiinato value, $2,707,(K)().
Tom.
250
70}
1,200
75
1,750
41
120
.'{6, 012}
1>, 022}
2. .''•(M)
250
2, 712i
Artldos.
Malt
Merchandise (general)
Millstutfs
Oats
l*eas
Potatoes
Rye
ShiiicloB
Wheat
AV(>ol
Total
Quantity.
Tons.
45
252
5,000
1,205
7,260
000
3»4
la-
2.2»>
10
71,305
IMTOJITS.
Artij'les.
Afrricnltiiral iiiipli'iiM'iits
f'oal ami cok«'
In>n an<l »tv*'\
Lath
LutuImt
MorchandiHC (p-iinal) . . . .
Oil
Salt
Quantity.
Tun*.
Artirlea.
141 Sawlo!2.s
025
102.:i39 ,i Sliiii;:lrM
Stoiir
Waixoiis «ii<l <rarrin;jc*8.
, AV<mm1
105
4. 025
3. 405
22.5
2. 070
Totiil
Quantity.
'#1
jrimjf.
15.0im
217
4. Xlit
.5«l
7, 7.V»
141.610
Total approximate value, $1,015,000.
APrENDIX LL REPOUT OF MA.TOK DAVIS. 2540
L L 13.
IMPKOVEMKNT OF SlIEliOVtiAN IIAKHOK, WLSC(>NS1N.
Object, — To s(H»,iire si navigable clianuel from Lak(^ Micliigaii into tlio
liarlMir of 81ieboy|i^aii at the* niontli of Sheboy^ifan Iviver.
Project, — ^The project for the improvement of this harbor was iidopt<Ml
in 1852, and had for its object the formation of a 12-foot channel en-
trance to the mouth of the Sheboygan River. Tliis was modified in
1873 80 as to secure a deei)er channel by further pier cixtcMision and
drcMlging. Both i>rojects were comj)leted within their estinmted cost,
and a channel was formed 10() feet wide, with a depth of 15 to 10 feet
Iw^tween the piers. A sui*v7\y made in 1880 showed a depth of less than
VI feet between the piers and on the outer bar. The existing project
was adopted in 1881, its object being to deepen the channel still further
by extending the piers to the 20-feet contour in the lake, nnd dredging
to a depth of 18 feet between their outer ends, the depth decreasing to
14 feet at the shore line.
Present worJc. — Pile and crib piers. (1) North pier, 2,044 feet long,
coinx>osed of 900 feet of pile arid crib ])ier, built by the citv, from 12 to
20 feet wide: 1,094 feet of cribs 20 feet wide, and 50 feet of cribs 30 feet
wide. (2) ^uth pier, 2,400 feet long, composed of 780 feet of i)ile and
<'rib pier, built by the city, from 12 to 20 feet wide; 132 feet of pile pier
20 feet A^ide, 1,298 feet of cribs 20 feet Avide, and 50 feet of cribs 30 1(^4
wide, built 1852-1887. About 700 fc^et of the north pier and 900 feet ol*
tlie south pier built since 1871 are in good conditiou, the (^ribsjiaving
bt^en sunk on a stone or pile foundation. Previous to 1871 they were
sunk on the natunil hike bottom, composed of shifting sand, causing
them to settle very unevenly.
Depth of Wate7\ — Originally 4 feet. A survey made April 7 and 8,
1891, showed a channel about 50 feet wide, with a least depth of 14.3
feet.
Operations during the fiscal year, — By hired hibor and the use of (lov-
eniment dredges Nos. 1 and 2, 25,325 cubic yards of material were re-
moved fi'om the channel.
By purchase of materials in open market 62.1 cords of stone were use<l
for riprap and refilling the south pier.
A contract dated l3ex*ember 13, 1890, was entered into with Messrs.
Truman and Cooper, of Manitowoc, Wis., for the extension of the nortli
pier 150 feet by the construction of 3 cribs, each 50 feet long and 20 feet
wide.
Kemarks and recommendations, — Tt is ex]>ected that work under the
ctmtract dated December 13, 1S90, will begin early in fFuly, and be com-
l)lete^ by September 1, 1891, the dat(^ that the contract expires.
The formation of a channel of navigable width 10 feet deep is in prog-
ress at the close of the fiscal year, and will i)robably be <*ompleted bv
August 1,1891.
A channel of less dei>th than 10 fei^t does not meet the present re-
quirements of the commerce of this harbor.
Should an appropriation be made for the fiscal year ending Jmie 30,
1893, it is proposed to ex])end it in pier extension and such dredging
and repairs as may be necessary for the maint^niance of the channel and
piers. An appropriation of 67,000 is recommen<led.
K.stimated cost (see Report of Chief of Enj^ineers, 1881 , pa^e 2104) $150, 0(K)
Additional eatimate (see Report of Chief of Engineers, 1 88 1, pa «r<» 1 85G) .... 45, 000
Total l05,0(Ki
Appropriated... Vl%,K**i
2542 SERJRT OF THE CHIEF OP ENGIN13EE8, U. 8. ABHT.
Atulract of pivptmnln J'of bnililiHii il'ki liHfiirfvtt of piar erIeiMtuH ul Ktrttunee Hiirbor,
iriiniitiriii, rcrfirivf in m/ii>NH In ailrrrlinrmrnl dated Ortoher J', tfUHi, aad oftncd Xo-
nuihrr ..'-!, tsw, i.w ,l/'y. ' 'A«». /.'. /.. /•. I>an», Corps of JiHffinari.
AiLuiiiil ..I- .Ll-pri.
rtluHwurk, 910,{K)0.
1 I rharlrn
Uirrr
a I Will
Hot
i if
s^ lajsy't.
• 'fl
i
Bu
m
•ri
1.
1
8
1=1^
¥pi
f
i'
1 #1
1
.■-„...'
ffuU
°~^
\cn,lm. Cmlt.
■-'1 t:i1
♦.-->. I"l M
^
tXi
tli.M «
J
♦n.ws.M
.01. :tiiii
r. UiMllto-
BalTor jnhniiiin ami
ChariM IXilrk'h. Mi»lil-
i<cri'.UiiDil<><n>i-n...»-|.
J<ihnlt.lW|!inili. K>-«
nc'.Wlii
CharlPKltrni.'i'.limli
Knii|i|i \ (lilh-ii llm'
d I 0 I 10,113
5 I 4 l■>.l.^
'"^'' ■""
;iii
.-•». <H<
•j:i
i;(
U 1 4. Ki j
5
6
».Wl.iJi>
.'..' ill:
as
.--MM! ,
^Kl
■M
SO &.HI j
Si
S
»,»l«.17
■■\ ■'
.
"-I
W-
".
10 5.15!
S
41
1V.IZLK
.Jrriciifs and depilrlnrra of ri
::i3 : is,4» HI {
:j» 2VT.50S 8» r
LL 14-
! JMPROVKHRNT <1F PIJKT WAMlllNdTON RARROR, WISCONSIN.
_ -To HPcinv ii iuivi(i;ii''l«' oUaiin?! eiitrauc« from Ltiku Micbigaa
ffa small lu-tillci&l liarbor fonned by exoiivating two interior connected i
DaNlllS. J
Project. — The original project for the improvement of thiH harbor waal
adopted in 184J9, and provided fur the bnilding uf two purnllel pierH ex-
teiidiog from tliB shore-lino to 10 feet of vaU't in tlio lal(p. and the "
excavation of u basin WHl feet long by ^H) feet wido iniiidt- of the shore
line. In 1870 a dcHeetimi of about 111 degrees to Mie Honthward wivh
made in the direetiou of the piers, thin bi-ing eonsidered a more favoni-
ble dirwitioM for their alignment. In lf*7fi a fui'ther modiiieatiou of the
plan was ma<le liy exeavating a sex'ond basin to the northwai'd jukI
nearly at right angles to the first basin, and extending the pievs U> the
14- foot contonr in tiie lake. This doubled the available area of the har-
bor and reduced the height of the entering waves very materially.
This is the project now being carrii'd ont. The two interior Iiasina
have a ex>mbi«ed area of about 53 m-res and are to be dredged to a
dt^pthof 12 feet, with a channel of the same depth eonneeting them with ■
the lakft, the channel inclosed between two piers 1.50 feet apart e-xtend- 1
ing ont to 14 feet of water.
Pmrnt I
crib" U r.'
Sonth [•K'l.
45uti'cl-JiM
1871-lKST,,
Jhplli of
A siir\ey ii
-{1} >'o
■d depth of 12 tfeet over nearly all itii '
■ml of the north pier to the HpiH'r enil
■pMi does not exceed 8 feet, althonglt
irth pier, i>20 feet Ipng. eompofied of .170 feet of]
..00 i.'il L'O U;-t wiile.aiid .W foet 24 feet wide. (2)1
Wt Ini,- f |,,,M'd of 370 feet of cribs 14 feet wide, j
■, Mild loi; ft'frof pile revetment. Tliepierswerebnitt I
ill tiiir .'uiidirii.il.
-At tile mouth uf Saiik Biver originally about Ifooti I
[itemlipr 5. ISfHl, showed the exiRten<ie of n chaDiitfil
fixim the I'litrjiui'i' ii> tlie inner end of the north pier abont 12 feet d(H>irV
and m fet-t widi-.
The north basin lia-s flo
anta. Prom abreiistnl' tin
of tJie west basin the iivi
there in a nanow rhmiiii'l
Operaiiniix iliir-nii II"' lixriil //'"j-.^lJy hired lalaor and thenseof Huiljii
States dredgi^ No. ij, ii,4S.'i ciiiiif vinds of material were i-emoveij from
the eutrnnee cliiiiLdrl mid l.iisins. Work closed August 27, 18!Hi.
Hi-markK ami ri'i-omiiifiiiliiti'nin. — Tiie north pier is built the fidl h>nglh
CO idem phi ted.
To complete the projw^t vwpures an extension of 100 teet oitlie sontli
pier and ihe removal of abont 20,000 eid)ic yards of material.
It wii« Anticipated at the date of the la-st annual report that all the
diXMlgiiig required could be completed in 1H90, but the exceedingly hard
cliarjK'ter of the material to be removed cauiwd frequent breakdowns
of the dredgi^ and not as much was accomplished as was then antitri-
patiHl.
It is inojKteed to transfer a Government dredge from Sheboygan to
this harbor in August, IHOl.and complete the dredging this season with
tUuds now avaihibie, and to make minor repairs to the piers white j
dnsdging is in pro;;i'ess.
Of the existing estimates for the completion of tliis work there remains
^^appropriated but $4,0137.17. This Bum will not be sufficient to bnild I
^^^Mcesaary 100 linear feet of crib extension to the south pier, con- J
toted ill the approve<i project. This extension will cost $6,500,
2544 KEPOKT OF THE CJllKF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABHT.
12- toot channel was reduced to a width of 30 feet; the leant d^th at
the entrance was 12J^ feet.
Operations during the Jiscal year. — Hy hired labor and pui'chase of
materials in open market, pile bulkheads for the prote<;tion of the north
and south piers were built, and minor repairs made to the north pier.
Ill October and Xovember, 181X), Ihiiti'd States dredge No. 1 iximuved
22,405 cubic yards of material from the channel.
Eemarkit aiul rec^ymmendationft. — The steam tugs at this harbor ani
employed in the tishiug trade and towage of rafts from the northern
end of Lake Mi(?1ii|>:an and (jreen Bay, therefore they are not available
for towinj^ sailing vessels seeking entrance into the harbor; hence when
the wind is unfavorable th(\v are obliged to " beat " in. The water being
shoal near the shore ends of tha harbor piers, they sometimes touch bot-
t4>m when well inside the harbor entrance. It would therefore be desir-
able to dredge the channel 12 feet tleep the fidl width between the piers.
This would re([uire the removal of about 32,000 cubic yards of material.
For the formation of a wider (*liannel. imiintenance of the same, and
]>res('rv:iti(»n of tlie {Hers nii ai)])ro)>riation of $6,000 is Tecommended
tor Mh' tis<*jil yrjir ('ImMii;; . I line 'MK 1SJ>:{.
r,>tim:itr«l in^\ tsrr UN|iii|t n( ( liitfnr Ku;;:illriTS. 1S71. pn^o 123) ileflia, 588. Ht»
A]»pioiaiatr«l 203^600.110
Money statement,
July 1, IStM). halaiii'c uiioxp<MHh'(l ^51.41
Aiiioniit npprojuiatud )>y art approvrd »S»ptt'iiilM'r ll>, 18tH) 3,000.i)0
3,551.41
June 'Ml ISOl, aiiioiiiit t'xjH'mU'H durin;- I'lMal year 2yfl90.4C{
July 1, ISiU. halancr um'xpi'udud 860. H8
I Aiiionut H->tiMia(nli rnpiiri'd I'nr romp li>t ion of ex irttiuf; project 62, 0HK.80
J AuiDiiiit that rail lM>prntital)l> cxpriKli'fl iiifisra)yt'aL'eiifliiif;Jiuie30, 1893 6^000.00
i Sn1iinitl«'(l in cnnipliMni'i* with riMiuiri'nirnt^ of 6vetiuii8 2 of river uud
[ hailinr artN (»t" iMitJ and IX(>7.
1
ri»MM>:UCIAL MALISTKS Fi>K TllK C'AM'.NDAU YKAR ENDING DECEUDEK 31,1690.
i Fiiniislicil by ^Ir. K. K. ^iit^Uer.]
Nanit' ot' iiarUnr. 'Vwn U'lwvs, Wis.: rolh'rtioii districti Milwaukee, Wis.; nearetft
ij^ht-lmnsr on nurth pi«'i- In-ad. Two h'ivrrs, WiM.
Anivnh aiul dt purturvmff rewcls.
I *' -^i-viiii iiiii.
S.iil
ArriTila.
Tomt,
8,105
i..!..:
24,028
Toma,
8,101
• i«.sas
»,
Ari'KNDIX LL RKPoUT OK MAJOR DAVIS.
2553
Pritn:ip(tf arfirUs of t iport nuH j»;i/»o/Y— ( '(»ii1inn<»<l.
Articl«'R.
Total approximate vailiir. !^MH,400.
■ Quantity
Apples
Bark (tun)
Barh-y
Jlwr
rnal an<l coke
( 'orn
f-irth
yiour
Hides
Iron uiulHttH'l
I^th
Lime and cement
Artich's.
Tons.
•J'ii Liunlmr
1,:{*J0 I M«T<*lisin<lis«' (f^iMnMMl).
*J,r>«0 ' (Ml
'.i'y I , Provi-sioii.-j
IJ.tHK) |l Salt
1W5 'j Saw loj^s
4r.
11
^600
77J
82i
131
Shin^fleH
AViigons and caniagrs
Wheat
WcmmI
Total
Quantity.
Tom.
0, VJO
IJW)
•Jii:i
70
025
7rH)
450
9
1,050
1,625
•JO, (m^
L L 15.
HARBOR OF RKFIOK AT MILWAI'KKK iUY, \VIS(M)\SI\.
Ohjvef. — T4> provide a secure anchorage lor vessels eii^;i)^e(l in tlu*
p*neral oonnneree ot* tlie lakes, by inelo.^jinj^" tlie nortlnaii section ol'
Slilwaiikee Bay within a breakwater, IbrnnMlortimlx'r eribwork, phieed
and sank upon a foundation of stone.
Project. — ^The project was adopted in 1881, and i)rovide(l for the con-
struction of a breakwater, the north arm of which coinmeiices at a dis-
tance of about 600 feet ft'oin the north shore of the bay, in a depth of 8
feet of water.
Its direction is S. 25° 19' E., and its length 2,450 feet. From this
point the direction of the main arm of the breakwater is chan<»'cd tx) S.
110 W. for the proposed distance of 5,200 feet, with an opening of 400
feet at the distance of 1,000 feet from the angle, to provide a fair-weather
entrance and exit for vessels.
Present worlcs, — The north arm of the l)reakwater is completed. The
most northerly section of it, 000 feet in length, is comi)rised of (» cribs,
each 100 feet long and 20 feet wide, and th(^ remaining 1,850 fe(4 of *iVl
cribs, each 50 feet long by 24 feet wide.
The dimensions of the cribs forming the main arm to the northward
of the opening are 50 feet by 24 feet by 22^ feet. NiiKi hundi(»d fe(it of
this arm to the northwartl of the opening has been constructcMl, u])on
which 875 feet of superstructure has been built to a height of 0 fe<it
above datum, and 4 cribs (Nos. 03, 64, iSry^ and (jij)^ each 100 feet by 24
feet by 22J feet, have been sunk to the southward of the opening.
Depth of water. — The slope of the lake bed from the northern end of
the breakwater to the angle formed by the north and main arms is 0.87
foot to 100 feet, the angle crib being set in 29.4 feet of water. The aver-
age depth of water on the line of section of main arm to the southwaid
of the opening is 34.6 feet.
OperaUons during the fiscal year. — Under a special agreement made
with Christopher H. Starke, dated July 17, 1890, repairs were made* to
Cribs N08. 49 and 50 of the bieakwater, which were sericmsly damaged
by collision of the steamer City of Traverse. The superstructure and
2546 KEPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEEKS, U. S. ABMY.
contour aud obtaiuiu^ a rhaunel of not less than 14 feet depth at the
shore line, increasing to 18 feet at the entrance. Pier extension nnder
this project was (completed in 1887, and the dredging in 1880.
Tu 18{)0 a ])rojeet fur an exterior breakwater 400 teet long was sub-
mitted.
PrcHent icorks, — Crib piei's: (1) North pier, 1,070 feet long, eomposed
of 1,220 feet of cribs 20 feet wide and 750 feet 24 feet wide; (2) south
l)ier, 1,000 feet kui^, composed of 1,150 feet of cribs 20 feet wide antl
750 teet 24 feet wide.
Depth of tcaUr. — Oiigiiially 3 tW^t. A survey made April 11, 1801,
sliowed a depth at the entraiu-e of tix)ni lOJ to 18 feet, and a ehannel
between the piers 70 feet wide and 14 feet deep; this was increiised by
dredging in ^lay and June, 1891, to 75 feet wide and 10 fei^t deep.
Operations during the fincal year, — Under contrai;t dated December
13, 1800, with Messrs. Truman and Cooin^r, of Manitowoc, Wis., for n*-
buihling above the water line IKK) linear feet, more or less, of the north
X)ier, work was begun May 2(J, 1801.
On .lune 30, 1801. atxmt 400 linear feet had been completed and the
reiuaiiuler was well under way.
ru<ler a special agreeuMMit made April 23, 1891, with Me^^srs. Truuisin
and <-ooper, of Manitowoc, Wis., 0,464.3 cubic yards of material wen*
reinov<Ml from the channel by dredging.
I>y hired labor aiul pui*chase of materials in open market, 17.(» <*oiils
of stone were a])]>lied as riprap aud tilling of the south pier at place^i
where undue settlement had occurred.
Remarks and reeommendations. — The north pier was conipleteil in
1885, and the south pier in 18S7, and the divulging in 1880.
About tMX) feet of the inshore supei-structuiv is 20 yeaw old or nion*.
It is badly (le<ayed unci shoiUd be lebuilt above the water line without
delay.
As stated in the last annual re]>ort, Manit^iwcK.* has a harbor of gn>W'
ing imp<utance and the (Sovermnent has expended up to date nearly
)?;itM),0(M) in harbor im]>rovements, which the rapid groAvth of the cit.v
has sho\\n to be mon4\v wisely exiHMided. Much complaint has Imi'U
made fi-om the very tirst of tlu* difticnlty experienced by vessels lyins
just inside of the harlxu* during northeast stfU'ms, and plans of exterii»r
breakwaters have been suggested as far back as 1873. In 1886 a rcfNHt
was submitted to the Chief of Engineers by Captain Marshall on this
subJcM't. llis opinion was that the river shoiud be dredged insiiK'
beyond the bends of the river, that being the cheapest solution of the
ditticulty. Colonel Houston was also of the opinion that the propr
])lace for the harlxu* was inside or beyond the river bends. Since then
the 4-ombination of three railroads, the Lackawanna, the Lake Shore
ami Western, and the Flint and Pere Marquette, promises to briiip
about a great development of business at this point and gives thisqne:^
tion ol* harbor ])rotection additional imiwrtance.
In <u-der to nuike this through i*oute of transportation a snccessttae
Fhnt and Pere Marquette boats must run all winter, tiie same as the
(hand ITaven and Milwaukee boats. Experience with the latter line
at Milwaukee has shown that the landing docks must be in the imme-
diate vicinity of the lake and not a mile or more upa river, aswouMhe
the case at .Manit<»woc slumld an interior dredged harbor be insisted
u])on, lor in the severe winters of that latitude it would he impossiUe
to keep the river oi^en and available.
It would tluM-efore seem that some plan of exteiior protection shmiU
be (lt>\ ised for this harbor. A crib w<u-k400 teet long, built at au angh
of about IT) de«;:rees, with the line of diivction of the piers oa^ aboit
APPENDIX LL RKPORT OF MAJOR DAVTS. 2555
The following correspondence gives the particulars of the acciilcnt
anil rccouiniendations as to prop(>s4Ml rhaiij^cs in Ihc size of tin' iTibs:
IfNITEl) STATKS KXlilNKKK OFFICK,
MiUvaukee, 7r»«., Jotmanf ;?¥, JS91.
Gf.nei(al: T have tho honor to submit tlu' followinji: r«*port ol' tho ret-ent daiiuigo
to tho breakwiiter of the Milwaukee Harbor of Hofujifo duriii;^: th<' storm of Jannarv
1, 1801.
Diiringthe months of June, July, andAiigust.lSXl*, four <"ribsw«»n* sunk to tin* south-
ward of the openini^ for fair-wcatlicr «ixit. Tliose cribs wore vnch KM) ]»y '2i by 2lii
feet, and were sunk in excellent ali^^nnifiit upon a carefully prepared foundati<in.
The natural depth of water ran^d from IJ^.lMeet to 31 feet, and the ]>reparatiou of
the foandation left about 2() feet of water over the stone. Th«» stttrm of January 1,
1K91, was of great severity, as the following <luotation from the daily ,j(»uriial of the
tdjserver in cTiarge of the signal station her«i will show:
*' Thursday, Jannarv 1,1891: Light rain continue<l during day until Sil-M) p.m.,
local time, when it ehanged to sleet, continuing as snch until .*):!.*» p. uj., wheu it
changed to snow, which continued until aft«*r midnight.
•• The worst storm of the season ]>revailed to-day ; the wind was from the uorl li and
northeast, and blew with storm velocity from about 10 a. m., reaching a maxiuium
velocity of 48 miles per hour at 7:10 p. m., accoun>anied by blinding snow. The
storm feaehe<l its height at 7:07 i». m.. when 1 mile ol' wind was regist^-red blow-
ing at the rate of 90 miles per hour. Amount of precipitation (rain, sleet. au<l snow)
in past 24 hours, 1.23 inches."
The last crib of the four, the southermost one, was re}K)rted soon after the storm
as having disappeared, and several attem])ts were ma<b^ to examine the condition of
affairs, but the water waseitlier too roily or the ice prevented a close a]>proach until
the 19th instant, when with a steam tug a good exauiinat ion could be made. The
accompanying tracing shows the {Approximate condition of the overturne«l crib.
The soundings taken across the foundation would seem to show that s<muMd' the
stone tilling must have fallen through the bottom grillage while the sea was racking
and working the crib. The cost of this crib with its tilling was .f5,967.48; this of
course does not include the foundation. It is my int<'ntion to have this crib can*-
fully examined by a diver next season to see if it can not be raised and used again,
for a reasonable sum, and in case it can not it ought be broken up and removed, as
in its present position it is a somewhat dangerous obstruction to the use of the har-
lior of refuge.
It may^be remembered that on March 2.S, 1887, three cribs were overturned by tho
pressure of an ice-tloe during an easterly gale. Thes<' cribs were but 50 feet long
and 24 by 22^ feet in cross-section. Tliis accident led to a moditicatiou of \\h\
plan by raising the inside bemi 4 fe<»t and increasing th<' length of the crib fnuu .">0
to 100 feet.
Tho Board of Engineers of April 21, 1881 (see page 2122 of Ke})ort of Cbief of Kn-
gineers of 1881), concurred in Major Houston's pn>]>osal " to give the cribs at the shore
end of the north arm of the breakwater a wi<lth of 20 feet, and to increase this
width to 30 feet at its outer end, unh'ss experience should show that this width of 30
feet can be safely reduced." * * >^ <» Sbould ex])erience show that a less width
than 30 feet will give sufficient strength to the outer end of the north arm, this
less width can also be used for the nuiin arm of the breakwater."
It wAuld seem as though experience was demonstrating that an increase of width
in the cribs was called for, and although the contract is already let for an extension
of 400 feet, more or less, of the breakwater, with cribs of ^1 feet width, a careful
studv of the subject will be made and estimates prepared for increasing the width
to 30 feet.
Ver>' respectfully, your obedient servant,
CUAS. E. L. IJ. Davis,
Major of JCntjincem.
Hrig. Gen. Thomas L. Casky,
Chief of EiHfiiicerSj U. S, J,
(Through Col. O. M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Engineer, Northwest
l>i vision.)
Office of thk Ciitkf of Exoinkkks.
Unitki) Statk.s Ak.mv,
Ji'aHhinfftou, P. ('., Fvhruoi'n '>, ISiU,
Major: I have to acknowledge tlu' receipt of your report of the 21th ultimo, re-
garding the damage to the breakwater of the Milwaukee harbor of refuge during
the storm of January 1, 1891, and to advise you that your proi>osition to submit an
2548 REPORT OF TUE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AKMY.
With the approval of the Chief of Engineers, a contract was entered into Deceni-
1)or i:{; 1890, with Horutio Truman and George Cooper, the lowest ros^iousible bid-
<lors, for this work.
COMMKKCIAL STATISTICS FOR THE CAJLENDAR TEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[Fumishod by Mr. Frederick Sohuet-to.] •
Xaiiie of harbor, Manitowoc, Wis. ; collection district, Milwaukee, Wis. ; neaFMt
light-house, Manitowoc, Wis.
Arrirah antf (fvjMrlin'i's of vcHseU,
Description.
Strain
Sjiil
Total
AnlYilB.
No,
738
2M
068
808,219
58^880
418,488
IMpartnroB.
JTtw
74S
880,310
88,007
418,317
Articles.
Principal articles of export and impwrt.
EXPORTS.
Apriciiltiiral imi»lrm4'iits .
Barlev
Brick
Bntt«r
Chocse
(^m
Kp*rs
rionr
Furniture
Hay
J^cather
Lumber
Quantity.
Total approximate value, ^*2,7l»7,lHKJ.
Tom.
2W)
Artidos.
Malt
70^ j! Morchaniliso (gracnil)
1,200
i Oata
' Pens
IV>tatooii
. Kvc
SfiiiifSles
WheAt..,
WtH»l...
75
l,7riO
41
1L>0
:Mi, 012^
i). 022i
250
2, 712J
I
Total
IM POUTS.
QauUty.
Tont.
5,000
i,2or»
7,380
800
354
lOK
S,SHI
10
71,J
Articles.
Affriculturnl inipli-itifiits
C'oal ami coke
ln»n ami Hterl
Lath
LumlM'r
Mercliamlisr (ucneral)
Salt
Quantity.
Ton*.
144
102. :m
62:>
]A5
4.025
3.405
225
ArttrlpR.
2, 070
SawloffN
Sliiiijfb'H
Stone
Wa/ionH aiifl carriages
W«mh1
Tutul
Quantify.
Tam§.
15, ON
317
4,875
SI
7,7Si
141,818
Total approxim.ite valm'. ^1,015,000.
v:Hr
-Sv i-
.-•f-
<ri.«iifir4C».
J
or TIIK nilKl' OF KXIIINKKIW, V. S. ARMl*.
Monfy utatfmivt.
■Iill.v 1. IKHI. l>Hlum'C
J AiuiiiinttIiatCHnb('rinililii1il> I'xiiruili-'"
) Mitltmlttud in r»ni{iliuiii'e with r<^iiiiir<'
IHijiri-l...
ikJiiik-^O;
J Amount tIiatCHnb(>pnilhii1il>>'Xiirua<^MiUiHrti1yi-iii-i'ii(i'hii;.fniiv»0;ll«S ItT.Oin.nO
._". —i.-LLn nuniiliuiii'e witli ri^iinirt'iiii'iiiH itl' Hti'ti»n« a of river anil
1 harlmr hi^h onwUl aiiil mti.
.■IMract nf propo*aU for buUHing li'iU liKeiir JWI of pier «xtr.»no» at ShrhogtaK ITnrior,
ll't«rtnnfB. mriffif IN rfujii'MiM' /« nrfrcrfiVmrnf riateil Otiober ST, IJiW, anH »pe»nl
yaremhif IS. /.«.'">. ft,* .VaJ. fharle' K. I.. H. J>ari», Corp* of Eiisf'*trii.
Aiiioniit •ir!ii>)iri>iiriiilii>ii nviiiliililp for tiiia work, $10,000.
1 Honitu
Tnini
Ki CWp.
4 K,«,.r*
""•■
"■"''■■
With 11
..VHl
..rtiiod
i:(. I«!11. ^
. '['ntiiiiii
Ik.
'J hi ;=■:, i
%
i
3
i.
'A
i
II
\
i
i
i
§
-
1 ;
«..
<*^
CtM.
)
1
(■.ms
*l
H
■r. ■ii.W; w -,.M
i
'
«,.»
10,T1K.M
KM>AR YV.AR KM>IXO ItFCKMRKR 31, WWl
•'•dLi-rlorKf riuitmi». UUvaukrr.Wln.)
'i.K.iriun ilintrii't, Milwaukee, Wii. Xeai^
.lrri.-ah OHil tlriMirtHtt
„fr.»u!,.
AlTlnlll.
s';-. :■-:::::.:
.Vo. Jtau.
X: 1 Aw.
'■■•■"
i.]ui !M.iai
1, IM 1 Slt,S(
APPKNDIX LL KEPOUT OF MAJOR DAVIS. 2557
2279), ahowod that waves attained a height of H to 18 feet, and the bioak water at
1 imo6 is Buhjocted to a force of oyer 1,000 poundH per sqnare foot.
The opinion of peoule converHant with Lake Michigan is to tho etlcrt tliat wavon
nircly exceed 10 feet in heiglit, so perhaps 12 feet may 1)e taken as a niaximinn.
iioneral Cram, in the memoir before referred to, says: "The force of these waves is
not pcrcnssivo, like that of a trip haninier ; it is mnch more like pressures increasing
and then decreasing as the wave comes np and recedes ; nnd I treat the subject by
taking the point of application of tlie resultant of these pro-ssures during the storiii
to be 6| feet below the upper limit oi«the sur&ce pressed." I'liis is the law of hydro-
static pressure. The more recent observations do not confirm this view. Debauvii
says: "We can not take the height of the wave as a measure of the prtjssuro, fop it Ih
not a question of hydrostatic pressure, and the li(^uid molecule-s have acceJeratioiis
that may be added to or snbstracted from that ot gravity. ObBervations tak(>u at
the port of Havre in fact demonstrated that the law of hydrostatic pressure did not
hold." (See page 509, I)es Eaux comme Moyen de lYansport.)
Regarding the wave as reaching the breakwater and rolling np the outer slope,
thus becoming a wave of translation and exerting its full force throughout the iMi tire
height of 22.5 feet, we should have
ya88_ ^Q^^ of a ton:
22.5X11.25 ""'*'""*•''" '
that is, a wave pressure much exceeding half a ton would be suflicient to overturn
the crib. Now the line of direction of the (Tib is 11 degrees west of south, so a
northeast line — ^the line of direction of the worst storins — would make an angle of It!
degrees with the outer face of the crib, and with a normal coiui)onent of presure of
0.55 of a ton would require the presure in the line of wave propagation to be very
nearly one ton, viz, 0.983 of a ton. This is considerably greater than any recorded
observations on the lakes But however defective the wave theory may. be, the fact
remains that the crib was overthrown, thongh it is probable that this was dono
gradually by rocking the crib and letting some of the stone out through the bottom
grillage, and not by some one wave of very unusual intensity.
The Board of Engineers of April 21, 1881, says: "Major Honston proposes to give
the cribs at the shore end of the north arm of the breakwater a width of 20 feet, and
to increase this width to 30 feet at its outer end, unless experience should show that
this width of 30 feet can be safely reduced. Tlie Board concurs in this. Should ex-
perience show that a less witlth than 30 feet will give sufficient strength to the outer
end of the north arm, this less width can also be used for the main arm of the break-
water.*'
Experience seemed to warrant a less width than 30 feet, and therefore a width (d*
24 feet has hitherto been considered sufficient.
Fig. 2 of the accompanying sketch shows in cross so<rtioii a nil) l(K)feet long, 30
feet wide, and 22.5 feet high. The following are the estimnt<Ml (|uaiititieR of mate-
rials and cost of same :
157,764 feet B. M. of pine timber (framed), at $27 $i, 259. &i
319 pounds of iron screw bolts, at 4 cents 12. 7(>
14,852 pounds of iron drift bolts ( 1^ iiK'hes round), at 3 (mmi t s 445. 5<»
388,512 cords of stone ballast, at $7 2, 719. 5X
7,000 feet B. M., of 4 inches by 8 iin*h(*s white pine plauk, at 11 iM-iits 98. (H)
fiOO pounds of iron spikes (wrought, 10 IihIk's by h inch), at I tnits 24. 00
Laying 7,000 feet plank, at $5 a5. 00
600 feet B. M. pine boards, 1 inch, at $20 12. OO
Taking up 7,000 feet plank, at $5 35. 00
Cost of one crib 7,611.53
(yos t of fo nndat io m .
816 cords of stone, at $7 *. $r>, 7 1 2. 00
33 cords of large covering stone to out<tr slope and benne, at $1J 396. 00
(5, 108. 00
Cost of superstructure .* 1, 672. 96
t>i:MMAKV.
Cost of crib $7, 61 1. 53
Cost of foundation 6,108.00
Cost of superstructure 1,672. JHi
Total cost of 100 feet breakwater l."», 122. 49
Add 10 per cent, for contingoncics 1, 512. 24
16,961.7:{
Cost per mnning foot of breakwater 16!K 61
The pHtimsltj tltprnfoif ly-iiairvs lui Iftrn-WM- nrt'^t'irif.KS. nr hu sfiinii
firlalloK or$fi,riiWI )/>i'oiiipU'r4' tin; wwk.
Mone^ statement.
Jialy 1, IWl, Iittliuiee lUHUciwndod :i^dM.71i
uiriH] for «(iinpIHinu of pxiaitnii nfulaxU 4,II(T-IT
- 'T^»xti»u<l°tliiifi>wiayrnri:udin|tJaiiB30.18» iw ~
vuriiuli&iiOK wLtb r '"'- " '" ' — ■>-"•-!
ur Ig66uii(1 IHT?.
fAuiui
8UI.I1I
bill
VOK TUK CALKNDitK YKAK K
VvraUibtd by Mr. Jmncn UeCarlhy, luub
Jrritah mid rf^iirhirm <tf iwniJf.
J
^H DtwvtpltMi. 1 Aittnb.
1 .r
...
KB
4. WD
B
; ™
1S.IW
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^^1 XXPUBTS,
^^B AMKJn.
4wm(Hy. AfUitai.
1—
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^^H BnUii'
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rxtinMli iuImi-. ISki.iCii
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1
AFFIimDlX LL — KKrOKT OF MAJHK DAVIS.
l>KTwiii', Jlrcir., Fihrvarn JO, I83J.
Iiiliiiii iif Minor 1 liiviH, iiR('X|>ri.>iM>il In Iho
Vll ill I.V 1IU-.
O. S(. POK,
t'liUmel, t'lirp* of Kng\>ierrn. Hi;.
Dir'iKiuH JCugineir, Nortltieml Mritioii.
ReapeotfuUy Tetnmud ajipruvcil iih rvcoiiiiiii
]{y cuniuiiiiiil (>r Briga<]i<'v-(iiTii;)'uI CuHi<y ;
U. S. Army,
Fcbmarg 24, 1891.
till- UiviKimi Kii(;iii<-<:r.
il. M. AllAMB,
Major, ror/m nf EngiHtert.
■;ion Kngiiu'uv, X..i'tliwcrt l»i-
, lilycxiifiiilMl
■SilliDlitteil iu (.'oiiinliiuii'u « itii rciiiiirtii
harbor acts of 1866 auil 1867.
Alittract of propoxiU for building J**' I'mntrfett of bnnttraUr ejcleMtioH and siipirelr»f-
ture, harbor of rrfage at JUiliraiikrf Hag, WheotmiB. rni-irfil i« rcipotiHe to ndrrrlm-
menl dated (ktober 27, 1890, and opt-niid Xnrrmbfr go, IfUm, by Maj. Charlfi K. L. H.
Davii, Corp* of JiHginmra.
Ainoilut ofiippropriittion nviiiliiblo Cm' lliii wnrk, i'7l',(IO(i.
Suae and >ddr«9i u( bidder.
Hlen B. Hen & Co.. Chicago HI . f20
""-tilta Bcnur. Grvoti Bnv. wt».. ih
rtotD^uiT B. Slark.i, Milwiin- i
jBB,*i» J m
Kiupp & Ollleii, Biwiiip. Win I il)
"\ vJ„..:»
»io I (all I 4 , :i i
Ml
I hi
.sill"
|i
fli,7ii.iKi
Witb tbo approval of the Chiof i>l' Kntdnr''
ber 13, 1690, with Ohriatoplipr H. Stiirkc, t\
I tarib Uuibera vvvv removed to a depth of 2 feet belnnr dAlnin. tbe Icnetli
'Of th« l«ww Hijliutiiri'd tliitbers removed bping 28 fwt luid of l]»e upper
tfnilHTs 7:i fi-et. The seventh and rif^th courses ftwm Ih*- t^j) of super
ntnii-l mv wore fmiiuil togetber U) fit tliogap, floirtod into inutitioo, autl
liotlt-d k> the Fit^iiiiid ttiu1.H'i'i« of tlie substruetur*.' wilti Iwiltti (tl iiiclifs in
loitftii; thv leuiaintng six coiiriacs beuig cooBtnietcd in th«> usual innii
^uer. Forty white-oak piles of diineDsiona 8 bj' 13 Inrlin) by -'W fiwi
.fere eloBcly driYeu uud secured to the atnicttire with wrev lM>lr», 24 of
vUeli were placed on the seaward side and Itinn lliewefit Mdi^of lireiik-
wiitcr. Fifty-eiglit aud twitthirds additional rordtt of Htoue bnlbu>r wvic
litHed in relUlUig tbe luibs aud n» riprap. The t-oRt of ropairiiif! Hicdiini
I ttge due to tliis eoUlsiou, ext-hisive of suiwrintendence, wii« #1!.4.'»".*m.
Tbehig flouiewbat leas than the e.stiuk»te ffiMtte ItefniT the work wuo doui'^
KThe damage sustained through tlie action of Htt)ntiti ujHin thi> hrruk
rwnt^'r during the winter of 1889 and IWW was repaitvd at u owt of
♦1,789.71.
rndei' the liver and harbor wt Of September ID, 1800, the fntiu of
^8(MI00 wiis jippropiiiUfd fiir impmvin;; burtwir of reftige at Milwaukt-e
li;i\'.\VU(uii>iit, ■A\i'\ ill ics|HMisi- 111 iiiht'i-tiHfiiieiit iuvitiiii; |ir>ii>r>siilii.
hi.is «,-!■.■ ir.-,.i\,-.i iiiLd uiH-iir.i N..».-iiil.<-r JX !8iH». for extfUdJOK Uu-
lnf:.Kw;iriT 4II1I I'.'.'r. 1I1..1V or Ifss. jiinl bnildiny snpcn*tri»-tuii' iiVit4«>
I'eet of cribvMirU already nunk in jilai-*-. Tlie work was nwantei]
('hriwfopher 11. Htnrke, who was the lowest bidder, and a contratrt
tnitered into bv litm for doing tbi>i work on the tttli day of Detfiiil
18W).
tnint-i-.tbug,^
d htJH
Th
b-i-X.
,;\ I
Ill>-
islniii
..ITribNo.
■ik.
ipiurrinl anil
-i.Sfay2fi. 18ni,aiid
nb N.I.
Iiii-ii|>liirc<l in |Nt«tUi
III; r<i till- ni>r1Ji«'unlA
built toil hci^itu^q
Tin- scow Jhmham lias lu-cn n.-gnpagi'd to serve n* n llghtshi]! at t
MoiiUi end nf (be bivukwater, tinder v. tiw Hyii>4.in«ul tnadir with t
owniT.in ai'curdiini'i' willi Ihe lfnni«ofiidvi*rtiM.'mvniand»iie<*ld(-&liiitl
h'rmtirk* int'l r<'roi,imrniliilii<iis.Si-\-vVii\ .si'verd MliimM haVr ii
din-ii.^' (In- past y,-.iv. n..li. .mI.I.v Hint i.f .I:nimir>- 1, IHHI. whi-n I
soDllMTiiiiiiiNt iif lli>' •Tills, sniik 111 till' soiilliwiird of the o|«-nlnK t
fii.ii-tt.-iifh.Tr\it (,N.),<;(l,(il'.|iiiivrisi.m> HH) ).\ L'l by T-'ifwtJ. W)»« !«•«
tiiiiii'd l>v :i iu'av\ si':i t'niiii llii' HorMit-;iT.t. An iiis|ii-<clIoD vt U hIidHIv
' after llx' i..Tnn'riiri' sb<>\M-<i DliI i1 Ii;mI >>ri'n t-iimiil iNKlily li> tbi^ WVAt-
wiird of IIlc Imc of w<-st lin-c of thv liiTiikwiiU-r. As there wtw \-PO'
little or no it-o in the Itiko in tlie vkinily ut'the bntnk water, it iMi!\')dent
ttmt t In- erili ninrit hiivu t>u>n tuoveil out of itt piMitliui wilelv be wait-
for«e. 'riii-ontwaa'dorwawuiti nidi-of Orfb No. 113 wa« al«orutm^i alionl
G ini'hi-j4 during the luime fltorm. A large nuinbi^ of ^im^lipltink:^!!^^^
lor decking the bivakwattir wtv broken iind a few of thP erib ttmben^
rarrii-d away.
It in proposed t*) uHe herraftor deek plaukt having n rnM^M.-4-tiiiii uf
8 by 4 inehi'K.
With :i view to the n-eoverj' of tin- nib ii snbsi-'pifDt ln)>iil-trliou of il
[ Ima miide by aNuluuiiriue diver. Iiii<-<1 li-i tlie pnr]>oi<4>. and hlit vejiial
L xu)H)rt of itM condition Wit» qnitf fiiv><nil>ii' toMunlx making imi effort to
B'Rcovur aud n-plm
I gximliii
I' liitiikwiiter.
APPENDIX LL — HICVUKT or MA.IOR UAVIS.
2r>in
SemarJcs and recomviendatioui. — in Uiv. iviMit of Jiiik- :W, l«8!t, fhc.
needs of tliUharlwrwpre setlbrtlt in lictail. The. (K'tt'iii>i-iLtioii of the
piers fi'om wear and climate has hwu .stwuliiy pn)grcssive siiict; that
time.
During the past year the concic-tc i-ovi;riiiH: l)elw*'(rn tlit^ side wiills
of the stone superstructure has di'teiioriited, tlii(-fl,\- through th«i effect
of storms. In several places the iro^vring has bct'ii ri-iuovi'd, and tlie
titonc filling has heen swept out by the wnvi's. The vai^ancios thus
caused should he filled with stone of' laigc; sizv..
Money stalcment.
$742. 13
[1 s«]ituiiiiipr ly, mio li, (K)o. 00
G, 712. la
lis lisiml yi'ii r ](K. 110
June 30, 1891, amount ox p ended
Jnly 1, 189I,ba1auce iiiipxpeudod
iAmonut {eatlmnteil) required fur cnninletion of oxistinK )>i'c>jo
.\m«uHttliatoonlieiirolltalilye>peiii!e(liiiriBca!yenreu<liii;,'.Jiii
tinlitiiitti^d ill coniiiiiiinuu with ruqiuronituta of soctiuus 2 uf j
hurlwr acts of 1H66 uu<1 UfeT.
COMMEItCIAI. 6TATI8T1CS FOR T
Airivah and dcpiirtuTei of vi
Totd -Mar.
The fdllowiiig extrnctH tnkcu from thl^ iinuiiMl ivpurt of t
Ix-r of Coinmei'ce for the fitii'al yeur ending April ti. Dtil, nIio
iiud DiannfactuTes of Bomoof the kiiding artii'len "l' loiiiciir;
of lililwBtikee during the year ;
KECEITTS.
3,UIJ,fllM I S.^an ' 'J.«K!,1S
l«d„.
Ton.,
2.30?
M.592
23.637
■S:3S
A,.i.l,.«
QuunU,,
: T......
sswsr-""
C;«l (by ™i>.«"l)
1'iBin.n
ri.talwi.
.>!hII
■Wlirat'(V>,"l„-,-.."nL ,
nient)
T,.1;,l
;;:;■■;■■;;;;; Is
S^=-==
-Z.--^.Z/x,^l
TW
2:):»<;
iM.miM nr iin: ciiii:!' <»k kn<jinkkijs, r. s. armv.
|iy tln' <li\ J- i«'Ji * ii'_;iiii « I MiJ'l l»y till • "ttii « .
\\\ roiiiliiaiiil nt r>|-ii>:iili<| 4ti>iirl:ii i'.i» \ :
\i'V\ ii'.sjM'i lully. y«nn- nlMiliriii Mivaiit,
II. M. Ai» VMS,
^fn}or, <\n'p>* «•/" J.tnthurri.
Mnj. ('HAS. K. I.. \\. Ha vis.
riiriuij^li ('(»1. ' ). M. INif. (nrjis of ^'Il;;iIl<•«'l'^, Pivision Kiii^iiUM-r. Xol'th\v^•^nt l»i-
Ll'ii'si iiMiiM-ifiiii 111.]
IJi-^iMM 1 tnll\ I raii'^initti.il.
r. S. r.NijiNi r.i: Oi rui:,
IhhnH. Mith.. rthrnnrii \ '^ -.'.
4). M. lNn:.
(\tlontL Corptt of J'JHifuuns, i/r.,
7>»r/*/f»« luighu'iTf Sortlnnst lUrisi^n.
rMTi:L> .Statks 1'nginkf.k Ofi li i:.
MihvaukiC, fVi«., FtUruattf 11. :<'''.
CJkm.iiat.: In aocordarn^o with instrurtion** i-outaiiu'd in Depart in«-nt l^'ttiT of
rrhrn.iiy .">, l.VM. I bavr tlir lh»m»r to snlmiir tlu* lolhjwinjr rt'i^ort upon tin* qiifstion
of till- iuM»>»'-it \ »»!' t'Dlaiiiiuu: tin- wiilth of tlu* t-iiU'^ iist>«l in tlu* <'Oiist ruction of" iln-
l.irakw :ii«T of till' harbor of rriuii«' at Mihvaiiko<». \Vis.
(Ml tlu' arcoinpaTiyini;: skrtoli Fi«r. 1 sliows a cross section of the last l?l-tooi niU
autl tlh- foinnlaiioii of ripra]» stoiu'. It willhc sci-n that it was sunk in 'MXt Ictt ui
\\atcr. oil a loiiiHlation of stoiu' 1 1.») feet in depth, with an exterior shi])e of 1 un i'.
;iii«l iiittrior <»iie of 2 on !>, the top width oi' the tbini(hition beinjj:40 leet. ihus allnw
iiiLi" a Ix-nne i»f S tr«'t t>ii eacli side ol' tlie <-rih.
The nih itsj'lf i> 1<H> tVrt hniiT. -I I'dt wid(>.aud 22* feet hijjh. At ihr pn-M-nt l^w
>iane of waii'i* tlie to]) of tlio rril» prujtMis ahout 2-^ feet above the water siirtai-i-.
A crib ni' tiiis si/»' contains tin* folb»winii; materials:
i'iiie timber feet. H. M.. Ul». ;:ji'
\Vioii«;bt-ii«»n bidts )ioun«ls.. 11. 4lil
J.iine<ton«" Curds.. :»«';;
A> !•» to !»»' r\|nM tfil. tb«' wi'iiibi ot" a riibir loot of pine timher is variously jjivi-n
b\ ihi- >«tand:iril aniborii ii^. <ir)iriidini; n])<>n tbe (|nality of thi* timher andit>di--
Liiri- ol' dr\nes<. \\ bill- iioiliiim i>; «:i\i-n ;i»i to it> weiybt after heinjj water-soake«l.
<Ji-iM ral Cram, in a nu'tnoiv ]nildi''brd in t In- liN-jiort of the Cliiof uf Knjrineers for
ImN, iXivi's. as the nsult oj' bis own <-\p«'i immt. the wi-ij^ht of water-soaked white-
]»iiir timbi-r at lll^i ]>onnd.s ]n'r tiibir fool. 1 ilicreforc assume 40 pounds as the
app]o\im:n<' w»'iubt and 1^t».7r» ]HMinds ]»er rnbic foot as the weight of wrouijlit-
iion b;irs L:i\«Mi in l*rotes<;ional l*a]M'rs No. 12. The actual weight of the stone used
in tb«' riibs. a> drii'iniitn-d by rar<'tul ex]>eriments. i>li>;»])onnd«. With those ti^nn-s.
ami allow ^n^ oiM'-thir<l fnr\oids in the stone, tlu-re would be 2o,8.>i euhie feet uf
>ii»iH . ll.(i'.»."» of timlii'i, and !!(» ot' iron: or a total of 37..'>Sl euhie feet.
rbi>» would niaUr tin- total wriiilit of the siibmoiired crib as follows :
■
lT'.v.i; x_1';:; -f ii,»;:c. x lo + ii.ttt.> -o7.r>si x <i2.5 = 1,173.981 tona,
2,IKX»
or o. |s'.» I'l .1 toll ])ir S(|nare toot : that is about half a ton.
1!.!^ i-- :i v.- i.:i:t ]n-i ninnini: >"•»' of 11.71 tons. wbi«-h. with a lever ami nfl2tVrt.
Ljiv t ■* 1 lo.>s ion; loll-* to ii-'^i'.i ii\ I'll iiiiiinj;:.
\t tbi |>i. -in; l«»w li\il of till- lakf tin- lop of tin- crib is ordinarily about 2^ tet-t
;il.i.\. ill*- w.i;,-i v..]i f;,,i-. but di;i in-j; northeasit-rly ;j:ales the water hanks up on this
■«!...:. «v«» ill •: ; !if . 1 il.s; jiTr I'lit ii cly Mibmi-r^jcd r\ii'pt dnrint; the brief intervals oi
I \|«i'«vi:i, jv ;i..- iio;ii;b of a wave, so that the crib may be reujanled as entirely >ub-
iiH I i^i'ii ii; li'i- . niM]oi;;it ion> for wi-ij^ht.
\i-oi-"iuu i«» Mivt u-^oii's foiiiiula all the lak«-s have lengths of exposure great
• ::i'::.;b In l^i in!;iii- w ;i s «•>; mni ]• 2i> I'l rt in ht'i^ilii. but uo such waves have ever been
'■:■■-' I Mil. li.i- r.i».i!(l ol" KiiMim-ii's ot i>l."i wcit' of the opinion that wavi*sun«ler the
ii. i\ i« >: w !!'■!- do not « N-t. '! 1«> f • • t in Iniirbt from tin- tnnigh to the summit in Hut-
i:iIo JhiilH.]. • Hix.-i \ aii<niN ;n l':ii;li- Harbor. Lalvr Superior, in 187ii, gave the height
«'i" till- lr^l\i!;:!l|.l ^^ ;,v»'s :it 1 < M . i 1 L' fiM'i . rtilniol Robert's observations with dyn.i-
ni.'iini. !- :it n.u,.m, Harbor .sei- K'rj.ort of J'hief oi Kngim-ers. 18S*i. l*art 111. p.
• •!
APPENDIX LL UJ:1M;UT OK MAJ(.»i:. DAVIS. ^niil
Depth of ivatrr, — The ii;itiir:il ilr))tli of \vji<<m' (»ii tin* l»;n- in i'vout ol'
tlie mouth of the* rivifi- lM»r<m» ai'tiii('i;il ]iii|)rov(>iiu*nt wjisiiuhIc was vaii-
able. Till* effort of a iiorthcasi storm would he to dep(»sit saial to
such an extent as to eomj^lc^tely ol)sti'm't tlie eiitiaiire until an ae<Mi-
nmlated lie;wl of watiT in tlie river In'rame snllicient to renj<»ve tlie
barrier, and n]M)n a. rhan^e of wind sometimes a nari'ow eliannel of .">
or r» feet would lie si'ouhmI out.
The work done und4*r tin* project previtnisto isoo provid(^<l a <-han-
nel of from \) to lU fe4*t in 4h»|>th. 'I'he extension ol' the |»iers. with tlie^
periodii'al dred^inji; whieli has In^en chnie since isoil, lias •;<'nerally
maintained a channel of from !.'» to l.") I'eet in (h^pth. init the jnainte
nanee of a J. 1-foot (channel is (h'jMMident npon :i iVeqnent us(» of tlu^
dredge.
A plat of soundings tak«*n between the harhor piers on th(»llthof
April of tlu» year, on whieli is also inj^hnhMJ sonndings taken on the
lJ)tli of May over an (»xtensiv(» iwea ontside ol' tin* jners and to the
dei>th of 20 feet of wat<*r in I^ake .Michigan, shows that extensive d<*-
]»osits of sand have ])een nnuh* since dredging was done in May, ISOO,
which debar vessels drawing l.'J feet of water IVom entering the harljor
(luring stormy weatln'r.
To tlie iiortliAvard of the harbor piers the IL* toot contour line over-
hangs the eastern extremity of the north juer, and the bar from the
southward ju-ojei-ts into the channel, with bnt IL* feet of water on its
<*rest. The banks alongsiile tin* piers have increased to sncli an extent,
that the contour lines of lli leet are not mon* than I."i leet apart in tin*
narrowest i)art of the channel, near its west end.
OperafiotM dnrlntj t/tcfisctd i/rar, — I'nder the v'wcv and harbor act of
September Jl>, 1S90, the sum of J^lT.riOU was a]»pro]>riated by Congress
for continuing tlie ini]»rov(»ment of Ka<'ine Harbor.
In response to public* advertisements, ])ropo>als were received and
opened on November 2."), ISOO. for extending the south ])ier into J.ak<*
>Iic.liigan t4) a farther distance of -00 feet by constructing Ibnr cribs.
each of dimensions 50 iWt by -0 leet by IS^ feet, and sinking tliem on a
fimndation of piles, driven and cut off on alignment to receive them.
<.)ffers to do this woi'k Aven* mad<' by iiv*' contractor>i. the lowest bid re-
ceived beingtliat of Messrs. Truman and Cooper, of Manitowoc. Wis., and
a contract was fonnally enten»d into with them on the i:>th day of De
cember, 181M), under which they are to comi»lete the specilied work on
or before the l^th day of October, 1801.
In A'iew of tlie difticulty of 4»ntering tin* harbor, and the necessity tor
iniinediat^i relief by dredging, a circular h'tter was sent to contractors,
dated May27,1891,ret[uesting bids for deeiM'tiingt he channel bet ween the
luers and on the bar at harb<u' entrance, as I'ar as tln^ available funds
w<iuld admit, by dredging to a depth of 1.") feet and to a width of so feet,
the (piantity of material to be reinovecl ])eing about 1 IJMM) cubic yards.
The bid of Mr. S. O. l>ix<ui. 10.] cents i»er cubic y;inl. was the lowest
offer, and an agreement was entered into with hint loi- doing the imm-cs-
Rjiry work on the \Mh day otMtine. ISOI.
Work was commenced bv the dredge under this auieenient <»n the
22d day of June, ISOl, since which time I.OSO cubic \ardsof nmterial
have lK*,en n*mov4Ml from the center ol' the eliannel beiwi'cn the ]>iers.
licmnrkHnnd rrrommrHtiafitms, — I'ntil both juers are extended farther
into the lake a freipM'iit use of the dredge will be necessary. The su
ticrstnictureof the west<'rn se<-tion ot'the nortli pier. -0<» leet in length
\\ 12 feet in width, and ihlii feet of its middle section olL'O feet in width,
Ls becoming dilapidated.
APP1:M»TX LI, REI'ORX OF MAJOR DAVI.S.
2565
Arrivals and departures of vesseh.
W'AcriiiiUui.
Arrivals.
Strum
Sail...
Xo. ! Tons.
r>84 ' 408.830
4*J2 89, 802
DepartnrcH.
639
461
Tolnl I 1,00« ; 498,632; 1,100 1 r»24,750
I
PriHcipul ariich-n of export and import.
EXPORTS.
Tons.
426. 300
98. 4r»0
Agricultural implcmeiitB.
lieer
Brick
Butter
Chairs
Fish
Fumiturr
Ilav
I^aih
I^at lu*r
3^Irr«-]mndij«(>, (p-nr.i!). ..
MilUtiill'rt
i)at«
Oil
Tons.
32, 5922
S,790|
22, 396
IVas
Pork Hiul Imi 1\.
POHtH (foilfi-)
192}
112}
271i
12.840
412i
498$
139, 7r>0
11. C.'.3
444}
2,247
17^ Sash, (l(N)rH, and bliiuis.
Sbiugk-»
StODO
WagoDH and «arriaii«'s.
Wood
Wool
Total.
Tons.
48}
1,019
117
163}
3,500
10, 5.16
1, 87.')
95|
244, 574J
Total approxiniat*' \alnr $8, 889, 117. 70
IMPOKTS.
Apples
BarK (tail)
lijirley
Jie«;r-".
15ri«'k
Cattle
Ckwl and niki'
i'orn
Flonr
(innibier
Jlav
Hides
Iron and strel
I-j»th
Lieather
Lime and cement.
Lmnher
•)
600
258
99,065
632i
516
324i
5, 025
.569J
22,711
687*
279}
1,830}
60,000
Merchandise (general) 1 , 351, 328
Tons, j
18:1} I Oats
1,793 I Oil
2,357J I Papor
5,687^ i PohKs (f»*iir
Pot^itoes
IVovisions
Salt
Sash, doiU'rt. and liIiiuN
SluM!]).skina
.Sliin;;U'S
TohacfO
Wheat
Woo«l
Wool
Total
Tons.
1, 08.3
1.977
283
1,402}
199}
354
1, 5jS8i
39j
126}
600
43}
5, 628
36, 475
87i
1.603,736|
Total api»n>\iinat<' valiu' $3,625,580
LL i8.
IMPROVEMENT OF KENOSHA IIARHO]?, WISCONSIN.
Object. — To secure a navigable cliaiinel from Lake Micliigan into the
extensive basin at the mouth of Tike Creek, upon whieh the city and
harbor of Kenosha are situated.
Project. — ^The original projeet for tlie imi)rovement of this harbor,
adopted in 1852, was to secure a cjhainiel 12 feet deej) fi^om J 2 feet of
water in Lake Mi<*liigan to the Interior basiu or bayou by the (jonstnic-
tion of piers placed parallel to each otlier and 150 feet apait and by
dre<lging bet\<'een them. In 18CG a modilication of the original projeet
was made in order to provide a navigable channel 15 feet in depth.
Present works. — The north pier is 1,000 feet in length. Its inner or
western aectiony which was built either by private i^arties or the city of
2r><Ifi KKPoirr nv ritv. c'iTTi:r oi*^ eNoixkers, it. s. akmY.
Kenosha, is of pilo work, IWut iWi in h'ngfli jmmI 12 iWt in wi<ltli. Ihift
jKljoiuinjjf soctiou to tlic onshvjiiH, built iindfr Mio ori^iiuil ]HM»jwtof
is."i!i, is of <*iil) work, OH) r«M»l lonj^, nnd 1«S firl widr. The extension of
this i)ier since 18<Mi is (i25 feet'lonjif, li.'JO feet of which is .*5U feet wide.
Tlie south pier is S(K) feet long and 20 f(?et wide, commencinff at the
shore line and extending; into the lake*.
The nortli i)ier ext(»nds 420 fe(»t fartlier into the lake than the 80uth
pier.
Depth of icater. — The natural depth of water at the moutli of Pike
Criiek betbre it was imi)rov(Ml <»han«:ed with ea<;li recuiTing easterly
storm; not more than 2 or 3 feet could be depended upon at the entrance.
Th<» w'ork first done under the project furnished a <*-hannel of from 9 to
10 feet in depth between the piers.
The extensions of tlie piers since 18GC, together with ]>eriodical
dredging, have generally provided a channel about 12 feet in de])th,
but in order to maintain a greater depth of water frequent a])plications
of the dredge have been necessary.
Soundings were taken in the harbor basin, previous to the commence-
ment of dredging operations, and early in May, 1891, minut-e soundings
were tiikeu between the harbor piers, and also over a large area outside
of tlie piers, to the line of 20 fec^t of water in Lake Michigan. A plat
of these soundings showed that it was i)racti<*able for a vessel <lrawing
not more than 13 leet of water to ent^^.r the harbor, but a*s the chanitel
was tortuous, the removal of abont (i,(KK) cubic yards fmrn projcH^ting
banks and the crest of the bar at cnitrance was found to be necessary
to etl*e(!t a sale entrance with a draft of \^ feet.
OperathnH during iliefiHcal year. — Under the river and harbor aet of
Septonber 19, 1890, appropriating J?l 7,500 for the imi)rovement of Keno-
sha Harbor, a condition was made that »i<2,500 of this sum should be
expended in dredging in the harbor basin, in conformity with which an
agreement was made with Mr. S. O. Dixon for excavating a chann<»l of
80 feet in width across the basin from the west end of the harbor iiiers
to the wharves on the west side of basin, and for excavating and re-
mo\ing the material to a depth of 14 \Wt ov<'r an area sufficiently large
to admit of the mancnvcring and winding of vess(»ls, dis<*harging or
taking on freight from the wiiarves in tiic basin. The area over which
dredging lias be(Mi done is nearly .'> arrcs in ext(Mit. The character of
the material forming the bed ol' tlie basin is chietly mud. Thc([uantity
of material removed nnder this agreement was 20,918.8 cubic yards, at
a cost of lljV cents ])er cubic; yard.
On May 19, 1S91. a circular letter was sent to the owners of drcMlg-
jng plants recjuesting bids for removing about 0,000 cubic*, yards of ma-
tc^rial from banks l)etwiMMi the iiarbor jhcm's and from the* bar at en-
trance*, in answer to which thrcM' i)roposals were* received. The h)w<*st
otlVr made to do this woik was 19 cents per cubic yard, that being the
bid of Mr. F. M. Knaj)]), and on the M of June, ISOl, an agreement
was niatle with iiitn to remove the (►bstrnctions to the dejith of 14 feet
on those terms. This work was conii)lcte<l on June 19, 1><91, the ([uan-
titv of material removed bein;;' ."), JO:*.") cubic vards.
Tuder the pi'o\ isions of act of September 19, 1S90, the larger shar«'
of tin* appropriation is being a|)plied to the (extension of tlu» south pier.
T^i^iiiswer ti» adv(»rtiseinent of October 27, 1S90, ju'oposals wen* re-
ceiveJtmjJ*! o])ened on NovcMiiber 2."), 1S90, for extending this [>ier ITiO
feet, b>'C(t4J^tructing three cribs, each of dimensions 50 by 20 by ISA
and sinkingt«^<*»" <>*' «* Ibnndation of ])iles driven and cut off on align-
ment for theiri-^H'eption. Five bids to (h> this work were received, the
APPKXDIX Lh — UKPOUT or ^FAJoK* DAVIS. 2i')Cu
lowest bcin^ir from Messrs. Trnnian and CfM>])(»r, of Maink)W<M% Wis.,
and a cx>iitrsu?t was eiitenMl into wiMi tl^eiii lor doing tlie work, on tlut
13th day of T)e<*eniber, 1S<)<). The tlirc^e erihs nndcsr this (•ontniet have
beeu constructed and sank in ju'cordanee with speeifleations, ))nt tlio
ftill complement of stone ]>al]ast is not yet delivered, nor the n^quisite
sni)erstnicture built.
Bemarl'8 and recommendation^. — A ])lat of the soundings taken last
month shows that the contour line of 12 feet of wat/cr overlaps the east
end of the north pier at a distimcre of 2(M) feet to the northward of the
piers, and the bar, which constantly forms to the southward, i)rotrudes
into the channel from that direction. These growing obstnictions show
that a channel of 12 feet in depth can not be maintained without con-
stant dredging until the piers are extended farther into Lake ^lichigan.
Moan/ afatrmvnt.
July 1, 1890, balance iinexpoudf il ^\, 4:;."). 23
Amount appropriated by iwt approvtMl So]>renib('r 10. ISJM) 17. 5(H). (M)
IS, as."i.*j:<
Jnne 30, 1891, amount expended during: liscjil vrjir 2. SSH. 20
July 1, 1891, balance unexjicnded . . 1 !♦;. 019. («
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilities $1, 1.')!. 17
Jnlv 1, 1891, amount covered bv uncoundrtfd rontrsuts 10. (HK>. (M)
11. ir.1.47
July 1, 1891, balance available 1. S97. 5t>
Amount (estimated) reciuired for coinplction <»l" oxistinj; ]»n>jrft <U, ."iOO. 00
AmountthatcanbejirotitablyexjMMHb'flin fiscal >«'jiri*ndiiijr.lniir:{o. IsiW 'A). (.KK). 00
Submitted in compliance with nM|uir<MiM'iits of scrtions 2 of river and
harlMiT acts of 18H6 and 1X67.
Ahniract of propomh for huUdimj I'/ff I'ntvar fret of pivr crlvuxinn at /xchohIhi Harhor,
n'Mcr>a«»w, received In rcHpoiiHc to o(tmtiscmrnt itatctt (htutur *^ . /Sffo, amf opened
Soreinher Jii, ISin)^ Itif MaJ. f'liuM. K. L. II. /hir'm. i'orpH of F.nfi'nm'ix.
Amount of ai>propriatij>n availabl*' for this work. j)«10.5(M).
iS
NHni«* und u<1ili'frt.s of hiddtT.
1. Hiero B. H«Tr & Co., ( Iiitajfo, HI :|cu» *j:! *-'4
2. Horatio Tmmaiinnd (iCH>r«'<*('iM)|HT. M Jill i-
tuwor. Win L's
3. Chriiit(n»1irr H. Stairkc, Mihvaiik<>«>. Wis
4. ■ IMer \V. (tMlIuwav. Kiicino. Wih
5. Kiiapp &. Gillf^n, ftariiie, Wi8
Zf
ar
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$1:5
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$11,519.00
L'S
•s.\
lJ<
7. :)0
rj
:t
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iKSV2.:ir»
:(o
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1J.58:..0«
With the approval of t bo Cliief of Kn^i^iiuMM's, a i'oiitrart was mtrred into l>ec«»ni-
»r 13, 1890, with Horatio Truman and (^eorg<> Cooper, tlir lowcr>t responsible bidder,
her
for thia work.
2568 RKPORT OF THE CHIEF OV ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
C(]>MMKIt('I.VL STATISTICS FOB THE CAXENDAK TEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1890.
[Famished by tLc Hon. 0. M. I'ottit, Mayor of Kenosha.]
Name of harbor, Kenosha, Wiscousiii. Collection district, Milwaukee, "Wis. Near-
est port of entry, Milwaukee, Wis. Amount of revenue collected at the nearest i»ort
of entry, $328,Hi5<).08.
, Arrivals and departures oJ[ vessels.
I)<»Hn-iption.
Arrival !«.
Stomn
Ko.
I>8
Tons.
O.iMil
Dfpiiiiiin'ji.
Sail 161 i 20.984 . 15«
No. I Ttm*.
58 0.954
20. (KM)
Total 219 30,945 217 30.554
Prhiripal artirlcn of export and import.
KXVOIITS.
Tons.
4
n
*l
Sainl 4, Ono
Hor8i»a
Mer«'lian«lis«* (m-mriil)
Oats
Tot al 4. wmi
l.MI»nHTS.
Apples .' 3i
Bark (tan) 13, 200
Coal ami r»»k«- 10, 900
Lut h 275
Liiinbcr 18,750
I'oRt.s {Yruvi') : 3141
PotatJM'
105
Shinsl's 450
Shibs 1,680
Stone 4K
"Wood » 4. 250
Total 50,352i
Total aiiproxiiiiatr valiu*. $195,530
L L ig.
IMPIJOVKMKXT or WArKKCJAN IIAKHOK, ILLINOI.^^.
Ohjerf, — To jnovich* a shelter for tli(^ protection of vessels engap:ed in
the commerce of the city of \Vaiike*:,^an.
Project, — In l<sr)i> an approiniation of $15,000 was made for the 'Mm-
])rov(Mncnt of the harbor and brejikwater at Wankegan, 111." The plan
ado])ted wa.*=; a bn^ik water parallel t^) the shore in 20 feet of water.
One crib, .'JO feet by 25 feet, was [)laced in i)Osition, but wa^s carried
away by a storm and the work then abandoned. In JS72 an examina-
tion and report werc^ made, as called for by the river and harbor a<*t of
that yen r. This ])]an contem])lated a breakwater in 24 feet of water.
No action was taken on this rejujrt.
The character of the improvement of this harbor is somewhat differ-
ent from that of other points on the ^reat lakes. ^lost of the improve-
ments have consisted in dee])enin«^ the mouths of streams emptying
into the lake, but at Waukegan there is oidy a creek emptying into the
lake, and it is of no importance for harbor puri)oses.
APPENDIX LL ^liKroUT OF MAJOIt DAVIS. 2569
The present project was adopted in 1880, its intention being to con-
struct an exterior basin of sufficient (Capacity to meet the requirements
of the local trade by inclosing a portion of Lake Micliigan within piers
constructed of pile work, and an entrance chanuel between piers from
a dex)th of 12 feet of water in Lake Michigan to the basin; the channel
and basin to be excavated by dredging to the depth of 12 feet.
Present worJcs. — Tlie length of the nortli pier is 1,259.6 feet; the
length of the south pier is 1,024.9 feet, making a total length of pier
work of 2,284.5 feet.
The north pier, wliich incloses the basin, is comprised of three sec-
tions, the first of which runs easterly from inside the shore line as it
existed in 1879 for a distance of 345 feet into the lake. This section is
comprised of a single row of 12 by 12 inch squared pine piles, reenforced
at the angle or outer end for a length of 80 feet with oak piles driven
at a distance of 12 feet from the front row, the interior space being filled
with stone ballast.
The next section of pile work, 16 feet wide, runs in a southerly direc-
tion for a distance of 380.8 feet to the channel angle.
The outer section of 16 feet in width, which nins in an (Sisterly direc-
tion for a distance of 533.8 feet from the channel angle into Lake Miclii-
gan, is comprised of two rows of closely driven white-oak pilcs,«divided
into sections by cross rows driven at distances of about 32 feet apart^
double sheeted with 3-inch pine plank, and filled vntii stone ballast to
a height of 2 feet above datum.
The south pier is built upon a prolongation of the line of the south
side of Madison street, in the city of Waukegan. The inshc>re section
of this pier, 140.3 feet, is comprised of a singh* row of square pine piles
of dimensions 12 by 12 inches by 18 feet, with the ex(*epti()n of the outer
24 piles, M'hich are 22 feet in length and 12 inches square.
The next outer sexjtion of 100 feet in length is constru(»ted of nmnd
white oak piles, each 30 feet in length, on alignment at distances of 3
feet from center to center, and sheeted with two rows of planks of
dimensions 3 inches by 12 inches by 22 feet, driven close and breaking
joints, and spiked to the wales which inclose and secure the round piles.
The next section to the eastward, of 109 feet in length, is built with
round white-oak piles, each 30 feet long, driven at distances of 3 feet
from center to center and secured with binders. (3n the south side of
this row pine piles of 8 inches l>y 12 inches by 26 feet are driven in
close contact and bolted to the binder and reenlbrccd with a pine
binder of 3 by 12 in(*>hes.
The outer section of this pier, 675,6 feet in length, is comprised of
two parallel rows of white-oak piles of 31 feet in length, driven in close
contact at distiinces of 14 feet from ccinter to center of rows and divided
into sections of about 32 feet each. These rows are secured and bound
in place by means of wales, binders, screw bolts, and tie-rods in a simi-
lar manner to those of the*, outei* section of the north pier.
On the south side of* tlu^ north row a double sheeting of pine ])la.nlc 3
inches by 12 inches by 22 feet is driven, and s|)iked to the wales in a
similar manner to the second section. Th<» interior of this section has
been filled with stone ballast to a height of 2 teet abov(*. datnin, hut in
some places it has settled somewhat below that level.
In the construction of these i)iers it has been necessary to j>lace a
riprap of stone along the outer sides of the ])iles as fast as they have
been driven.
Depth of waf^^r. — Before work was connnem^ed upon this harbor the
distuice fh)m the line of shore, in front of which the x>i(^rs have been
iii«itriict«il, tti Ltiu natural (te|>tli of 12 ft'ot of vrator in Tjako Mivn
iiN alwmf, H7fl fpct, hill. !iH thd Wfivk lias piiigressed uii (ixt«n«i»-» »
liiif* Ki'i'u fur 1 111 tli« iioitliwai'fl of th« harbor. Tliw slioivi^
low iiiti'rsi'cl-i til.' iKivtli jtiev at a iliHiance of (MMl fi>ot outMide or to (Ii*
istwiir.l iiflln- VuH- ut' Hliore aw itexistM in lfS7». and the dppth nf III
i(?t ni' Wilier is iihr.nt X.li fft-t outside tlint foniier hne of dppthtt, or
loif tlinii l,2ini fi-et l« the oaHtwanl of the line of shore of 187H,
At tlip close of oiierations with the lirt-ilge, on tlm 24th of OitiJier.
"!), a channel was avaihihlt- for navigation hetw<«n the piers I'M feet
'ide, SKI feet long, and lli feet deep, and in tlio basin tlie, water was 12
fpet deep for a length of WIO foet and a width of 160 feet.
At the present time there is but a very nan-ow ctiaunel close to
the north pier {aliout ;tO feet in width), winch is available for small
■aft drawing not more tlian H frtit of water, aa extensive bank of sand
ith but 3 to 4 feet of water over it having been formed since di'edging
; in 1889, and roverinj; two-thirds of the area nielosed Iwtweeu
le north and south pierit.
Operations diirhtff the fiscal yiar. — Fnder the provisions of the river
id liai-bor act nf Heptemher lit, isim. appropriating ^;t5.000 for the fm-
nt of Waiikegau Hnvimr, opcrutions have been commenced by
lired lalM»r and purchase of materials as follows: In the latter putt of
October and in November, 18!tli. the whole of the bed and fVaine tim
bers of the pile driver belonging to the Unite*! States wei-e taken out,
and the decayed timbers were rephued with new material, the whole
ma^^hinery being put in good working condition in readiness for opern-
■ ins fiiiring the pi-esent working season. The total cost of making
lese repairs was I(«!l7,ti4. Proposals were received in resjKinse to cir-
notJees, which weiv extensively issue<l, nviiiestinghids to fitrniKJi
iiecessnry materials for constructing extensioiiN to the harlior piers.
lowest bide; re4ieived and accepted in ennfonnity with the eondi-
[tions specified in the riifuhirs were from the following parties, vh;
.. LiiMnn oimi.ir...i^„i. n;iy, IVt uluiif buUnat piT poriU, (7.Q(
jlt*" Kill. A -nil 111 ^v .uikr'i;ui, I'or pin» elHnk, :i iiicljcB by IS iiidIips
IjyWiMr imrM. n.B.M..
-■- ■ i'-. ■ ' ■ i I'liicftKO. fiir Sini'lles liv 12 inrliri* by IB fort
'■■■I i-i Ml ■! i.t.rM.rt. a.M.. 34.0
01iiv»K<> ^'i>r)-i' Mii'l liiill < ■'iii|iiiii}', for iron mils, luitcliiUQ IkiIIh, ami B)iik«i
per piiuuil.- ,
Chtoi^ii For|tt> anil Bolt (.'ninpan]?, fur iron s<-ri^w boiu pn punnd^.
F. Rmnitow, of Wauki^Knii. ri>r '-oal for «iui|cinv ol' pi 1p drlTfir ))er tun.. ^.»
Early in April (!m pile drivci- \v;is nu>\cd sinmiid llic liarhor Iwsin
from the west mil <il' t!ir mihIIi ]iii'i In llic oiili't end of the north pier,
and on Ihi> Siii of A|>iil jiilc dri' inj; u;is .■uiiiiiu-Hci-d lor rl.c estensii.ii
of this iiiiToii a line piiiiillclu ill. tin- direction ol't ho Hotilh pier. A fool-
walk was imisiriicted on the north pier beliire jiih' driving was com-
'fill' first I'onsigiitiicht iiI'liA conlsof stifiie froinSt^irgcou liavreaeliefl
■\Vjiiikeg;in on Ihe lllh nf .Miiv. isill. At a distiiiK-e lif Ihaii 2H to :W
I [lir .M-iern extre.iiilv ol' llii- ii.iilli |ijer thesiiinl i.\ i-H>'ing Ihe
sniiiivii uiit liy ujve ;m liiili Ii. ;| .l..pt !i oC L'L* lert during the
lt«tnns olllie |>iisl n ill lei. I'ilrs.M li-et iiKi;; M etc nse.l |.ierii.-.N OVCr thw
■tinii. I(. t.i Ilii- dill.' .six -.-elJniis.ir,;iJt"e.'le;icliiLi tcligtll havcbeejl
fieomplctcd, niiikint: ;ni .■.>;(. ■iis».ii ..i' V.r^ feel to Ihe north pier.
Heoitnks mill rrriiii'iiiriiiliiiiiuix. — At I lie closis of the tiscid year the
iTork is progressing tavmiiidy, iiml it is jiropiised to extend tJie n
liw to a fartjier distance of 1!>2 Ifect, making a tolid extension fl"
it during this wurking sea.s«u.
APrF,N'i»tx ht — fti;l»<>i{i' ov ma.tor nAVia.
2r)71
m
The exteaHiou of the south |)i«»T will tlieii b«u'oimiu».iictMl, thepioiMwed
lon^li of whirh is 25^1 ftM»f, lo^rth^T innkiii^ a. l^iUil Iciif^tli of 61(> f(iM»t»
Tho shore juTroiiinis liavr (MMitiiiiUMl to ^atho.r to Uh' northward of
the liarbor piers, and th<» volunu* of sand, drifted by wind along: the
beaeli, is inereasing: as the width of the bea<'li is increa*Ht»d ])y the advance
of the shoi*e lakewards. A larfje de|K>sit of this drift was made in the
harbor channel during th(^ i)ast winter.
With a view to aiTest the i)assage of the drift an experini<»ntal fence
128 feet long has been built, at a cost of 22.4 cent« per running foot. If
this fence should i)rove to be as eft<H*-tive a« is anticipated, it is pro]>o8ed
to erect a similar fence to the southward of that which is already l)uilt.
Money statenxent.
July 1, 1890, balance iinexpoudod $4, 083. 62
Aiiiouiit appropriated by ixvt approvoil S<'i)t«Miib<'r ID, 18JK) ir», (KK). 00
:^», os:^. 62
June JW, 1891, amount expondwl durin*!: fiscal year i:^, 556. 82
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 25, 526. 80
July 1, 1891, outstanding; liabiliticH 2, 247. 95
July 1, 1891, balance available 23, 278. 85
(Amount (estimated) rei^juired for complet inn of exlHting i»ro.je('t 86. 000. 00
Amounttliat can be profitably expended in fiscal year «Midinj;. June 30, 1893 50, UK). (H)
Submitted in coni])Hance with re<iuirenirnts of sections 2 <»f river and
harbor acts of V*m and 1867.
COMMKRCIAL STATISTICS FOR THK ('AI.KXI)AR YKAR KNDIXc; DKCKMRKR 31, 1890.
[Fnniishe*! by the lionorable H. C HiitcliinHon, mnyc»r of WHiikcgaii.]
Name of harbor, Waukegan, 111.; collection district, Chicaj^o, 111.; nearest port of
entry, Chicaf^o, 111. ; nearest light-house, Wankegan, III. : amount «d' revenui^ col-
lected at the nearest port (»f entry, $5,194,691.86.
Arrirah and departurett of vvRHdn.
Steam*.
Sail*...
TotAl
Ar,.iv«I,J l^.rf
100 I
44 •
114
KM)
44
144
Deer
Batt<-r .
CaUle .
Fish...
Hay....
Acida
AppIoH
Itark (tail)
Beer
Brick
Coal and c<»k«* —
( Jom
Iron and Ste^l.--
LMthcr ...f
JJme and comnit
Limber
HarlilA
Karhleduat
■Tunujitft' not known.
Principal articlvH of crpori and import.
Kxroms.
Tons.
2.L'40 Ilotfrt
KM) Lunilwr . . .
r>40 . Wofil
m
MW Total
IMPORTS.
TonM.
TonR.
168
«. 750
:M)
10. 2:i7
7."H)
72 '
(».')<)
1,()0H
10, )HH\
'24. 2."»0
19. (too
4r):>
4,016
lU, 065
5, :too
250 I
TonR.
MproliandiHo (tfonJTjil) 40, 000
Oil
PlOHtrr (land)
I'olrs (t«'Io;jr!«pli)
I*otat«M*rt
Salt
S}|h1i. <I<M)rH. and Ulinds
Stone ()iiiildtn<;)
Tile
TinilMT
WcmmI, tin*
517J
14
850
450
250
17
4. 2(M)
150
D(N)
;hk)
T«t;\\ VJAA'VV
2564 REl'OltT or THE C'HIKP OF BNGINEEES, U. 8. ARMY.
Tlrio^' liunilvcil anil ton teot in lentrth of the superstnictnn* at tlie
wfst I'liil (if tliw sdHtli pitT ii<>e(ls to be renewod.
The inntli iiitr should be. fxtt'iidod ;hmI feet and tliu stmtli pier iMK)
I'oi-t, HI- ;iOO I'cft hf.vdiid (111! custeni cxtieniity of tlie work to be done
uiidcr tlif present eoiitiiivt of Me^sis. Tniniau and Cooper.
Mnni-g nUttrmnit.
i7.r*xi.iw
.hvxf'.Vi. IWtl. :iiii»iliit I'slielKkil ilnviii^' (isiiil .vi:;ir
itiiOianiP
31(9.71
.iHl.vl.lHlU. liiiLiiirflniuspi'iiilccl
Jnlyl. IMU, iiiuiiiiiit i^uvun-ct liy iiiii-<>ni|ilL't>-i1 idiimirts
17.«13.Nji
imoo-iw
July 1. l«ll. lMlmmwLv.iil;il.l..
r.Viiioiiiit u-sliiiiat<:ili Ti.-i|uiu-il fur i;iiiii|>l<'tiiiii iif i-xinlidt: |>li<j<
1 AlllOIIIltIll!lll'illll«-lll'.,lil;,l.lyvXl»'luk-llialisi'illve;ir.-mlill!:Jll
\ .Siiliniiit.'il ill r.,iii[ili:iii..' with n-iiuiri'iiLfiiis "f s.rliims 2 of r
n-Biaw
■t tn.rKWi.oiJ
«i30,H!i93 a.i,0(X».«)
F'.i;).i»nf»/iir bnihUiiii .'•n linfar/iil hJ' iiirr rrUnalnii at Baeiw Hai'bi/r. Wit-
ifiil in ritiiiiuiH- III iiilrtrlinemeiii ihiu'tl tMnhrrilT, ISOO, axil opened Xufcm-
', fc.K il«J. l-harlii A". J.. It. IMHii, i iirim i// KHffincert.
•ut EvniNo nitCKMBBtt 31, 18B&
■riliccltynf Ku'lne.]
APPENDIX LL — REPORT OP MA,TOR DAVIS. 2573
Depth of water. — ^Tlio fall from Meiiaslia to Green Bay is about 170
feet, find on the Upper Fox, irom Portage to Lake Winnebago, about 30
feet. Previous to any iiiiprovenuMits the river was obstructed by rapids
and at.plaees x)ortiiges Jiad to be made.
During tbc liscal year ending June 30, 1891, navigation on tbe Lower
Fox was <rontiiiued until November 30, 1800, and was resumed April] 5,
1891. From July 30 t^) August 16, 181M), navigation was suspended
tlirougli the Appleton Fourth Lock during tlie repairs necessitated by
the steamer K. M. HutchinHon running intf> the ui)per gates.
On the [Jp])er Fox navigation was maintained until closed by ice,
December 1, 1890, and was resumed April 21, 1891, and continued until
June 1, when the water was so low that navigation was suspended.
On many of the bars between Berlin and Montello there is less than 2
feet of wat«r.
Operations during the fiscal year. — A beginning was made in the con-
struction of the guiird gat<is at the head of the Kaukauna Canal; a
head wall and feeder built at the head of the old first lock at Appleton ; a
wing dam of bnish and stone, C(mstruct(?d as a shore protection to the
Portage Levee to prevent undermining at a iM)int on the Wisconsin
River in the town of Portage; a new tugboat and two dump s(*ows were
built; channels dredged at Origuon Kapids, at the mouth of Fond du
Lac River and between De Per(^> and Green Bay, and minor repairs
made to plant, etc.
For details of the work attention is rc^spoctfully invit<id to the sub-
ioined reports of First Lieut. II. E. Waterman, Corps of Engineers,
and of Assistant Engineer Samuel Whitney.
Remarks and revommendations. — This river has itseti'ectuj)on rat<3Son
all freight carried to points in the Fox River Valley, wliicli is the most
thickly settled portion of the interior of Wisconsin, and an important
manufaiituring region. All freights during the season of navigation,
and ])articularly heavy freights, are reduced to near the price of water
carriage whether carried by boat or by tlie competing railroads; and for
the reason that it is a regulator of freights it is of such value that the
works should be maintained and the navigation improved at least to the
extent contemplat(»d by tlu^ modified project of 1884.
During the season of 1890 the water has been very low, after August
14 below the crest of the Menaslia dam.
Duniig tlie season of navigation the mill owners have continued, and
still continue, to tuke water from the ])ools above the Appleton and
Menasha dams much in excess of the discharge of the Fox River, thus
reducing the h'vels of Lake Winnebago and Little Lake Butte des Morts
below the crests of the dams. This is a constantly growing evil. On
the 8th of November, 1880, a suit was filed in equity in the United States
Cimrt of the eastern district of Wisconsin against tlie Winnebago Paper
Company and some 30 other mill owners at Xeenah and Menahsa, to
restrain them from taking water for hydraulic power or other puri)oses
<luring the season of navigation from the level of Lake Winnebago above
the Government dam at the city of Menasha when the level of the water
ill said lake is at or bellow the*, crest of said dam. The defendants tiled
their plea, and on March 5, 1887, replication was duly filed. During the
spring ;;^nd summer of 1888 the United States produced witnesses find
tof>k t-Cistimony from time to time before* the master in chancery. The
defendants obtaincMl further time in which to put in their proof.
Mr. A. E. Thoni])son. sjXM'ial assistant United States attorney, whoso
letter is herewith appended, writes as follows abont this suit:
2574 KKPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
There U also pending a suit in equity, commenced in tlie United States circuit
court for the eastern dintrict. of Wisconsin, against th<* Winnebago Paper Company
and some 30 others, mill owners at Neenah and Menasha. If possilile the defentU
ants will be requir**d to close their iirtKif during the ]>resent summer, so that the
matter can be heard by the court either at th«^ October or January term.
Money .statement.
July 1, 1890, babiniM* uncxi>en<lcd $15, 556. 01
Amount ai)proi>riat«Ml by act approv«'d SrptciulHT 1J», ISJM) 1(X), 000. 00
115,.55t».0l
June 30, 1891; amount cxjicndt-d <luriiig tisi-al year 3i>, 059. 54
Julv 1, 1891, balance unexpended 76, 4%. 17
July 1, 1891, outstanding liabilit ie^ 2, im. 52
July 1, 1891, balance available 73, 505. 95
'Amount (efltimate<l) required for completion of exist iug i>roject :W6, 0(H). 0(>
Amount tliat can be iiroiitably expended in fiscal year ending. Tune 30, 1893 200, 000. 00
Submitted in com]iliance with requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acts of 1866 and 1867.
ICKPOKT or MKK'IKNANT II. 1'.. WATKUMAX, CORPS OP KNtflNKKllS.
I'mtki) Statks Exginkkk Ofkick,
Milwauktief HVk., June oO, is'ttt.
Major: Ihavethe h<mor to submit the following report of im]>rovemeiits cnrri<rd on
in the Wisconsin Kiver <luring the i»ast year for the purpose of i>roteetiug the caving
levee at Portage, Wis.
As a result of llie high water of last year the h*vee, last fall, bet\v«*eu Suj>erior
street and Hronson avenue, INu'tag**, over u distance of 800 feet, was left in a dangt^r-
ous condition.
The river slojie had cave<l in considerably, the slopes (from about 2 feet below tlm
levee crest) being generally betw*eeu the above streets greater than one on one. In
fsu't. api>earauces seemed to indicate that as soon as the frost came out in tin* follow-
ing soring a consid«?rable i>art of the levee might fall into the river throngh its own
weight.
The main cause of this undermining was dne to the faet that the nniin ehannel of
the river at mid stage and above lay elose to the levee; in fa<'t, it was eontined in a
narrow <"linte abont (M) teet wide lietween the levee and an island, wliirh t'ornierl>
was part of the inainhind.
Afq>arently also several dams arrosjj the river. intende<l tor the Wi.scnnsin lii\»r
improvement (now ahandt>n«>d), wen' aiding in eontining the <'urrent ahmgthe IrNee.
The tirst measure adopted was the ronstruction of a wing dam above the island
conneeting it with the main slion* and proterting throughout the <aving h*vee.
Th(> loration of this dam is shown on the nia])s iM-eonqianying this report.
A hole <d' eonsich'rable de]»th existed behind the head of this dam which miglit
eventually injure its stability, Init it was hoped that eventually the rivi-rsand would
till this up.
This hope seems in a fair way to be realized, judging fnun tluj etfeet of the sjninj:
rise as shown on the sectuid mai>.
The tilling anuuints to a full foot down neaily to th«- head of the island, lii addi-
tion, during this rise the dam |»rote«'ted the lever* perfe<'tly. Tin? <mly daniagi' dour
was far btdnw the «'lVeet of this wing <iam.
In addition, last winter gaps were niad«' in two wing dams aeross the river \\\ \W
use of dynamite. Atinean rDutaining tin- cartridge was inserted nuderncath lii<-
dani by means of a hollow gas )d)>e. and then fX]doded. The result has been tn
make a small gap of al»out 10 f«-et in the lower dam. and a eonsiderabJN i<ni«;rr oiii>
in the up))«'r. i*rob:ibly in ueittuM- case has more than W teet in depth of tlu' dam
iM-en removed, and the dehii.s was not washed out by the last rise.
1 could discover \er.\ liltli* clfcct from the removal of ihcsi- dams. The ^ap at ihc
n])per dam, which ])robahly at tirst had some iutlucuc^*. is now rapidiv tilling with
sand from a neighboring bar. and will soon be nearl\ as solid as before. The d^'dtris
is entindy c«)vered with sand aht-ady.
%
APrEXDlX LI. J^EroKT OF MA.IOK DAVIS. 2575
Finally, in my opinion, the nrot^rting whifi^ <luiu Iiuh hfcn a ronqilftt* huccchH; und
I believe nothing nior«* will nc lUTossary nt tluH ]H>int, tlioii«r]i orroui-Ht; it will be
necessary to exen*iHi* <>xti*ti wntrlifnlnosN dnring the times of high water.
The ui?coiupnnying mapH ex])lain theniselveM. T\w. tirnt hIiows the ntate ol* atlaii'H
before anything wan done; the Heeond, after the eompletion ol* the wing dam ami
also after the npring rise.
Very I'eHpcetfully, your ohedicnt Hervant^
II. K. Watkkmax,
Ft rut LieuivHHAt of EmjincerB,
Hi^. Cha.^. K. L. U. Davis,
Corps of EiiffiHeernj ('. S. J.
RKP<)KT OF mi:. sA.Mir.i. wniTNKY. ASsisTAN'i i:n<;ini-:i:i:,
rXITKI> StATKS KXtflNKKK Ol'FICK.
Major: I have the honor to suhuiit the following re]M)rt of operations ni»on the
improvement of the Fox River, Wisi'onsin. from Portagr to (ireen Hay. for the liseal
year ending June HO. 18f)l.
The prineipal work done during the year was the huihling of a head wall and
feeder at the head of the old lirst lock at Ajipleton; building lu'w tug, and two
dump scows; <Iredging the ehannel of the river: repairing the plant, etc.
Navigation on the Low^r Fox River waNeontinued until November 20. ISflO. exe«'pt
fh)m «TnIy 30 to August 10. when temporarily suspended through Appleton fourth
locky which was closed for repairs, it was resumed April 15, ISfH, and continued to
date of thiH rejiort.
On the L'pi>er Fox Rivernavigatiou wasmMintaiue<l until dosed by iee Deeember 1.
1890, and wau rcHumed A]n-il 21. 18iM. and eontiuued until .June 1, when the stage
of water he<*ame HO hxw that navigation was sus]M'nd(>d. On many of tlu^ bars be-
tween Berlin and Mtmtello there is less than 2 Hwi of water.
The following outline of o]»erati(»ns between (ireen 15ay and Portage und«M* sejia-
rate headings, viz, *^ Improving Fox River," and " lm]noving Fox and WlsirouHin
Kivers^ Wisconsin," is respectfully suluuitted.
IMIMION i\<i ro\' IlIVKK, WlSCCiNSIN'.
cnNSTIMCIloN- (>F LOCKS. \A\).
Guard ffatef at the head of haukatuia (Utnal. — The dressing of stone for the pier and
abatments was commenced in March, 1891, and since that date 1.010 su]ierticial feet
of bush-hammored face, 1,050 snj>erhcial feet of ([uarry face, H<i<> superticial feet of
coping, and m hollow quoins have b«»en dress«'d. Dn'dgeNo. 2 hmuovc*! 720 cubic
yards of clay and graved from the site of the c^'uter pier, all of which was ]daced in
dnmp scows, towed to <leep Avater above the dam, and dumped. A crib cotferdam.
182 ie4't in length and 12 feet in height, has b(>en built around tin* site of the center
pier and left alMitment, and ]inm]Mug machinery set in place.
There were imn-hased and received 29,l(iO icet l\. M. ]Mne lumber, 'AMOl )M)uudH
iron n»ds, nuts, and. washers, 807 ]MMinds drift bolts. 172 pounds spikes and nails, 21
jionnds assorted packing, o gallons kerosene |oiI. 17^ ]Miunds tallow. 7Mons bitinni-
uous coal, and 45 cords of wood.
CoRslructhn of head trail and feeder at head of old Appletou First Loek. — During the
winter of 1890-'yi, a headwall and sluiceway wer** built at th«' bead of the old tirst
loek at Applet<m. Dredge No. 8 removed 20 linear feet td' the old retaining wall and
bnilt a clay cotferdam from the stone retaining wall to the head of the stone lock.
Below the lock a crib cotferdam. backed with clay, was constructed. A ]Mimp and
engine were set np and the water puni]ied out of the old lock chamber. One hnn-
dred and twenty-three cubic yards of elay and siont* were removed frmu the site of
the wall and 2?W cubic yards of the masonry of the old lock taken down. Sixty-
four comer stones and S steps for sluice ]iiers, and ISI superficial fe«'t of stiun* for the
arch over slnicewav w«'re dressed, and 511 cubic vartls of cement masonrv w«*relajd.
A Taint<'r gate was franu'd. iitte<l, and hung in the Niniceway. maneuvering gcjir set
np, and a honsi'> built over the gate and gear. The eotVerdams were removed by
llreilge No. 3, April 0 to 10. completing the work. Of the stone usimI in the Avork.
75 cnliic yards were brought from the Kaukauna quarry and 20 cubic yards frcnu
Little Chute. The rt^nniinder of the stone requin^d for the work was taken from the
wdls of the old first lock.
2576 REPOliT OF TIIE CHIEF OF ENljllNEEKS, U. S. AliMY.
There were porcbased and expended 18,563 feet B. M. pine, and 210 feet B. M. oak
lumber, 1,000 sliingles, 2,883 pounds wrought and cast iron irons, 579 pounds drift
bolts, 28 pounds steel, ^92 pounds spikes and nails, 1 pilot wheel, 50 barrels Portland
and 410 bai-rels Louisville cement, 213^^ cubic yards sand, 1,000 pounds straw, 22 gal-
lons kerosene oil, 9 gallons lard oil, 5 pounds solder, 5 pounds assorted packing, 12^
pounds white lead, 5 cords wood, and 49,660 pounds bituminous coal.
Portage Levee. — ^A wing dam was built as a shore protection to the Portage Levee
to prevent the further dangerous undermining at a point in the town of Portage.
Tlie dam was commenced at a point on the river bank at the foot of Superior street,
and extended therefrom a distance of 97 feet into the Wisconsin Kiver, and from
thence downstream, on a line parallel with the levee, a diHtance of 575 feet. The
heiglit of the dam when complet4^d was 5 feet above the zero of the Portage gauge.
In order to lessen the current in the Wisconsin River, at a poiAt opposite the Port-
age Lock, the width of the waterwav was increased 120 feet by lowering the old
wing dam at that point 3 to 5 feet below the water surface and making aii opening
20 feet in width in the second dam below the lock. The work was accomplished by
exploding cartridges of uEtna powder underneath tlie dam.
There were purchased and expended 150 pounds of iBtna powder, 100 percussion
caps, 9^ pounds wire, 220 feet safety fuse, 673 feet tin tubing, 51 feet iron pipe and
couplings, 391 cords of stone, 2,347 brush mats, and 1 sand x>unip.
UEPAIRS OF BOATS AND DJtKDOflS.
Tugboat Boscohel. — The steamer Boscobel was laid up at Berlin, and during the
winter the following repairs of machinery were made: The crank shaft was length-
ened 12 inches, and provided with a new balance wht^el and steol pinion; a new iron
bedplate was made for the boxes of the engine and core-\^(^el shafts; the old cylin-
der rings, boxes for the cross head end of connecting rod, and keys for the core
wheel, were replaced by noAV ones; the link and link blocks were repaired; the
eccentric hubs and yoke trued up; crosshead pin turned true, new short coupIiugH
put on the paddle-wheel shaft, and the steam pipes put in ^nod condition. The re-
pairs were completed April 15 and the boat put in comniiHsion.
There were purchased and expended 1 cast steel pinion, 1 set cylindei' rings, 1 set
brass boxes, 1 rocker arm, 2 globe valves, 1 balance wheel, 1 enst-iron folate, 1 check
valve, 11 feet iron pipe and uttiugs, 3| pounds assorted ]ia(^king, 120mii])lc cogs, and
2 water-gauge ghisses.
Tugboat Dehor r a, — The steamer Dekorra was hauled out at Applcton and blocked
up; gi'aving pieces were put in the bottom, the hull was calked, and rudder re-
1»aircd. The old smoke pipe, breeching, ash pan, an<l furnjice grates were r»*i>laced
)y new ones; the wrist-pin straps were relitted, now liox(?s uuule for wrist pin, an<l
wrist pin turned. A new flue was put in the boiler and 1 lie old Hues calked. The
repairs were completed April 6, 1891, and the boat put in eoinniission.
There were purchased and ex]»cndcd 329 f(^et B. M. of ]»iiie lumber, 39.") ]>oun(ls
sheet iron, 14 jmunds wrought iron. •! ]>ouuds st^el, 4 ])oiin(1.s brass castings. 1M6
pouiKis iron castings. 2 boiler lln<'.s, !i"» pounds sj>ikes and n:nl'<. T) bales oak inn, half
barrel )iitcli, 22 ])onnd.s tiillow, 5 gallons kerosene oil, 5 gallons lard oil, and 9 gallons
Eldorado oil.
i^t(((in lautult (ieiural Meade. — Th(^ bull was calke<l, a patch ])nt on tin* inside slnct
of l)c»iler, iind slii^lit rejKiirs of the niacliin(rry made.
Tliere were iniirliascd and e\pend(Ml 9 pounds nails, W) ]»ounds tallow, 7 ponndri
white lea«l, and 1 set of cylinder rings.
Jhimp sroun Xos. 1 and ^. — 'i'lu; scows w<'re hauled (Mit at Ai)pl(t<»n and hlorKeil u]K
brok«'n planks were removed from the bottoms and replarrd l»y jm'w ones; ilj«' dr-
eaycil derk and pocket ])lanks weio taken oil' and re]da<MMl by new j>iiu' tieck and oak
pocket planks; the j>ocket-door liin*;esand chainswcrerepaireil. \u*\\ oak fendersmade
and ]>nt in ]dace. and tin; corner irons taken otf, rejiaired, and replaced. The s« <»ws
Avere rccalked and launched, com]>let.ing the re]>airs.
Tliere were pnnliased and expended 1..^m(J feet of pine and (i,r)iM) teet kA' oak Inni-
ber, oWl jjounds clrift holts, S(M) pounds s]»ikes. 5 bales oaknm. WW pounds tallow, half
b:in*el pitch, and 2 gallons Eidtuado eastor oil.
IhTdfie Xo. S. — '^riie doors an<l a\ inflows of tlie cabin were rr]»aired; tin* old ^tenl
Hjnnl and one of the woodi.'U arms of tlni tiirntabh^ were replace*! by new ones; hoi>»-
ing-ehain trough pn>vided with new sides; the valve seats (d* tlirotth- and ;ilolio
valves were ground to a fair surface, and the hoisting and swinging engines <'leaned,
set up, :ind jiroperly adjusted for work. The dipper teeth were >liarj)enei|, dippi-r
bands and lugs reriveted, aud a. new steel ]>late put on bottom of dip])er, eoniplet-
iniT the rej»airs. The <lredge was i)ut in commissiiui A]iiil t>.
Then* were X)urcha8e<l and ex]»ended 1,987 f<'et li. M. of oMc lumber. ir.lJ ]mmiim1s
iron castings, 115 pojinds hoib^r iron, l jxnnids washers, 40 pounds assorte<l ]Kickinir,
lU ijounds roi)e, r> gallons lard oil, Ti gallons black (»il. 5 gallons eyliuder oil, and 10
gaUons kerosene oil.
APPENDIX LL Ri:i»OUT OF MAJOR DAVIS. 2577
Dredge Ko. J. — The toj> iiidoH of tlir liitll nnd a part of 1h<* deck wcn^ n^calkcd ; s])ud-
chain tronffbH and gctnr woTor(*p:iin*d; new brass biiHliiii^.s w(>ro i>iit in inside end of
one of theuoistiii^ drums; one of the valve eranks an<l the valve ruck(>r of sjnid en-
gine were provided with new stt>el piiiH, nnd the link trued no. The elani-shelL
backet was provided with new stoel hushin^s and pins, and the Iraine oi' olam nhell
with now socket bands. The nuu'hinery was elranrd, put together, and properly
ftdjiistedy completing the repairs. The dnMl^e was put in eoniuiission May 5.
There were purrhased and expended, 20i) feet B. M. of jnne lumber, 2()0 pounds
iron castings, 2i>3 pounds iron and screw bolts, 25 ])<»unds nails, 2 bales of oakum,
1 barrel pitch, 5G7 pounds blacksmith coal, and 12,920 poun<ls bituniinoas coal for
the steamer BoecohH.
Dredge No. 7. — Tlio to]> sides of hull were reealked; the old sheaves of turntable
and backing chain were taken out an<L were rc]dured by new ones and the shaft
boxes of the sheaves babbit te<l. Dipper teeth were njpaired and new steel Iriction
plates put on dipper handle. The hoisting and swiuf^in^ engines were cleaned and
pnt together, boom, dipper handle, h(»istin<j: and backing chains ]»ut in place. The
repairs were completed May 6 an<l the dredge ])ut in commission.
There were purchase<l anil expended 1,21K) ]»ounds stet'l, 1,S1)G pounds iron castings,
254 pounds iron and screw b<ilts, 40 pounds babbitt metal, tOA pounds assorted ])aok-
ing, 1 new steam cylinder, 10 pounds cotton wiiste, 2 bales oakum, 5 gallons kerosene
oi^300 pounds blacksmith coal, and 7 tons bituminous coal for the steamer Boifvobi'l.
CONSTRUCTION OF BOATS, ETC.
Propeller tugboat. — During the winter of 1890-'91, a tugboat to act as tender to
dredges, etc., was built at Oshkosh, Wis. The dimensions of the hull arc as follows,
viz : Length of keel t)3 feet 7 inches, length on deck 6J) feet, breadth of beam 13
feet 6 inciies, and depth fi fiset. The frames are made of two thicknesses of 3-incli
flitch, bottom planking 2^ inches, top side planking 2^ inrhes, an<l ceiling 2 indies
in thickness. The boat was com])lete(l and put in commission A}iril I'A. W)\.
There were purchased and used in the construct i(m, machinery, and otln'r materials
as follows, viz :
One marine boiler r» by 10 feet, 1 u]uiglit marine engine 12 inehes bor<* and 11 inches
stroke, 1 propeller wheel 4 feet 0 inches dianufter, 1 win<llass, 1 heater, 1 side ])ump,
1 bilge pump, 1 double-acting deck x)umx», 1 oil ]Mimp, 1 injector, 1 ])inch wheel and
levers, 1 pop safety valve, 2 steam gauges, 1 whistle, 1 locomotive, gong, 1 l-])iut
lubricator, 1 3-way exhaust shifter, 2 siphons, 1 stern j>ipe and stutling box. 1 double
pushbeariug, 1 double-acting steam ]»ump, 822 feet iron pipe and fittings. 8,118 feeti
feet B. M. of pine, 16,792 feet B. M. of oak and 47 fe^^t 1?. M. of niajde lumber. 500
linear feet of molding, 8 doors, 15 windows, 854 pcninds iron castings, 2,217 pounds
wrought iron for bolts, rods, and stra]>s, i<SS pounds she«'t iron. 110 pounds ste«'.l, 27
pounds washers, 1,000 pounds boat spikes, I'M pountls nails. 500]»oun<lseliain, 21 pounds
sheet zinc, 7^ pounds sheet copper, 4,^.rn squares tin rooting. 27 ])oun<ls spun eotttm,
4 bales of oakum, 20 pounds putty, 50 pounds tallow, 50 pouu»ls grease, 15 barrels
salt, 1 barrel lime, 75 fire brick, 50 pounds fire clay, 5 pounds red ])aint, 5 pounds
yellow ochre, 50 feet li-inch rubber hose an<l nozzle, 25 feet $-inch cotton hos«' and
nozzle, 97 pounds rope, and 1 anchor.
Two center-dump scows. — Two center-dump scows, 18 by (iS by 0 feet, having a car-
rying capacity of 65 cubic yards each, are under construction. No. 1 scow is nearly
completed and No. 2 about half built.
There were purchased and receive<l 85,1^1 feet B. M. of pine, and 11,281 feet U. M.
of oak lumber; 2,756 pounds iron for drift Indts, etc.; 255 pounds screw bolts and
washers 1,200 pounds spikes, and 5 bales of oakum.
DHEI>GIN(J LOWKIl FOX KIVKll.
Deepening channel at Gritjnon Jiap'nh ahove the upprr <1am at Applttou. — Four cribs, 8
feet square and 8 feet in height, to mark the line of channel to be dre<lged, were
hnilt, sunk in place, and filled with stone. Dredge No. 2 commenced the work of
dredging the channel on Miiy 25, 18iU. A cut 705 teet in length, 80 feet in width,
!md a depth of 7 feet ludow tlu' level of tin* crest of the <lam, lias be<^u ma<l<', from
which 3,685 cubic yanls of bard pan, gravel, and bowlders hav(i bem excavatt^l and
banke«l at the left side of the cut.
There were purchased and receivt'd 170 ])ouuds iron, 80 ijounds steel, 18 poun<Is
assorted packing, 4 pounds marli\^. 100 pounds «'otton waste, 5 gallons kerosene oil,
50 gallons Eldtmido eastor oil, 2!) gallons cylinder oil, Uu\ ]um\u\s iron castings. 110
corals of wood, and 6.8()0 jiouuds bituminous co:il.
Dredging Xeenah <7»rt««f/.-— August 80, 1800, Dredge No. 8 and 2 duni)) scows were
towo<l to NiH?nah Uiver, and dredging of the channel was resumed September 1,
ENtt 01 ^103
2578 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY.
Thirteen tlioiis:inil four hundred and forty-five cuhic yards of hard pan and gravel
were reuioved, of which 6:J0 vjirdM w«re hanked, 2,605 yards put in dump scowB,
towed to the rear of Necnah Dam for hacking, and the remainder to weil to deep
water in Lak<» Winnebago and dumped. Dredging was snspendod November 3 and
W\i\ phiut towed to Appleton Fourtli Lock.
April 1^3, 1801, the dredging was resumed by Dredge No. 3, and up to <lntii of tliis
rt-port 8,HHj cubic yards of hard pan and gravel have been taken out, of which
l.r)93 cu]»ic yards wore banked, 4,438 yards put in dnmp scows, towt^d to deep water
in liakc Winnebago and dnmped, and the balance deposited in rear of Necnah Dam
for backing.
There were i»urchased and received 20 pounds steel, 2 (tast-jsteel endless chain
wheels, 88 pounds iron castings, 407 pounds iron, 10 pounds spikes and nails, 25
pounds nuts, 409 ^<^{i.i iron pipe and littiugs. L injector, 9 pounds assorted packing, 5
water-gauge glasses, 115 ponnds roi)e, L'8 y:;ilh)U8 kerosem; oil, 52 gallons lard oil, 50
gallons Khlorado castor oil, 5 gallons boih'd linseed oil, 115 pounds cotton waste,
478 pounds blacksmith <'oal, 1451 cords of wood, 103 tons bituminous coal, and 210
feet of dredge chain.
Dredf/inn channel at the mouth of Fond da Lac Bivcr. — Dredge No. 7 was towed to
Fond du Lac May 13, 1891, and commenced the work of dredging a cliannel throngh
the bar at the mouth of the river. One cut 1,705 feet in length, 3o feet in width, and
of a depth of 7 feet below the level of the crest of the dam at Men>isha, has been
made through the bar, from which 8,319 cubic yards of sand and clay were removetl
and banked at the left side of cut. The dredge then moved back to the month of
the river and commenced the second cut. Nine thousand one hundred and seventy-
four cubic yards of clav and sand have been removed, placed in dump scows, towed
U) deep water in Lake Winnebago, and dunii>ed.
There were purchased and received 189 pounds roi)e, 2 pounds marlin, 113 pounds
cotton waste, 51]'^ gallons Eldorado castor oil, 17 gallons lard oil, 26 gallons cylinder
oil, 100 feet dredge chain, 17 pounds oakuui, 97^ cords of wood, and 33,960 poundB
bituminous coal.
IMFROVIXU vox AND WltSCONSlX UIVKKS.
DU£DGIN«i rOX KIVKK lUrrWEKN DM I'KRK AND GUKKN BAY, WISCONSIN.
Dredge No. 2 having returned from t«^m]»orary work in (ireen Hay Harbor, July 1,
1890, resumed dredging at the bar opijosiu- lioodricli's Wharf; 4,214 cubic yard's of
sand were removed therefrom, and the dredge then moved down to the bar at Dutch-
mans Creek, and took out 4,931 cubic yards of sand, eoui])le(iug the dredging of a
channel through the above bars. On August 15 the dredge moved down to tlie bar
o)>posite the brewery, on the right lunik of the river, and took out 0,726 cubic yards
of very soft uuiterial, ctunpleting tin- scj'ond cut through the bar. All of the luate-
ilal excavated was pla«'cd in dump srows, towed to dee]> watiT in the river by the
sfcani-Iauncli, and dumjied. DredgiDij^ was snsjxMided on the 15th of September, and
the dredge Townl to De I'eve Dam.
riuTe wi'iT }nurlias<'(l and «ixj)fnd«(l 11 ))Oiinds rope, 10 ]K)unds steel. 701 ])ound8
iron easlin«;s, 1 1 pounds wrought iron, Sh) feet H. M. of oak lumber, 4 water gjingo
•ihiSM'S, 10 galhnis krrosenr oil, 100 1)oiiimIs blarksmith coal, 12,510 pounds anthra-
oiie coal, and 9 e«'dar posts for buoys.
Mi^<i:i i.ANKors.
The tngboal. Honcolnl was rmployrd in towing dred<^es on the lJ]>])er Fox Kiver
iVom jdaee to phice, in sn])plyin;n ihmi with Inel. and in towing scow.s of material
for rejiairs of lot Us :uid dams, nnd on inspection trips.
The tng-ho.it Ihknrrn towed <lnnij» scows for Dredge No. \\ on the Lower Lo\ River
and made insjieeiion trips.
The stej»ni-hnin<'h was employed in towing dum]> scows foi* Dredge No. 2 on the
Lower Fox IiMver, in towing -scow loads of material for rei)airsof loeks and dams, nnd
making insjieetion trips.
The tugboat (if nrraf (i. I\. Jl'nrrrn was einjilove*! in towing dredires on the Lower
Fox Kiver, towing seow loads of material for the construction i»f unard gate.s at
Kaukauna. and in lowing duinj> scows at l'on<i dn Lac for Dr««!;r<* No. 7.
Th<? steamer Umr'ntla, which has not been in commission sinee November 20. lsS«),
was sold at ])nblic auction on the 17th of Sej)tember, ISOO.
One rowboal ibr gen<'ral use nn tlie Lower Fox Kiver was i)urehi>etl.
.Vo. ■' pinnp rni/hir tnul pump. — 'Die cylinder was rcboHMl ; new cyliiulcr rings, gov-
erm)r, safety valve, and gang** eoeks wen- provided for the engine. an«l all parts of
the engine put in good repair. A new lire box, fire front, furnace door lining, and
APPENDIX LL REPORT OP MAJOR DAVIS. 2579
flue Bbeet for tlie boiler were made and put in pince of old oni's ; tlic wn^^on on wliirli
the engine is carried was provided with ix now pole, <ind tho wagon puintcd onv. foat.
A new steel step, box, and couplings were provided for the 10-inch contrifugal pnuip,
completing the repairs.
There were purchased and expended I jiop valvo, 2 gauge cockH, 1 gov(.'rn<>r, 12 foot
rubber belting, 110 feet iron pipe and littings, 592 pounds steel, l^iSL pounds wrought
iron, 566 pounds iron castings, and 58 pounds galvanized iron.
Care of property. — A room was parlitione<l olfat one end of the wareliouse at Kau-
kauna, and the property stored on the ({uartcr-boat transferred to tho room in the
warehouse.
Very respectfully; your obedient servant,
Samlkl Wnri'NKY,
Assistant Engineer.
Maj. CiiAtj. £. L. B. Davis,
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A,
REPORT OF MR. A. B. THOMPSON, SPECIAL ASSISTANT UNITED STATES ATTOIiXEY.
OsnKOSH, Wis., June i^O^ 1891.
Major: Of the one hundred and fifty-six casos pending June 18, 181)0, in the (cir-
cuit court of Winnebago County against tho l7nitod States, on ap])eal from tho
awards made by the commissioners, all except five have boou (li.siK)Hcd of.
Five of these cases were tried at the Sc^ptcnibor term, ISIX); in four judgniout was
entered in favor of the United States; in one, Judgniout for tho ( laiuiant.
In the other cases disposed of, judgments were onter<Ml against the United States
upon stipulations pursuant to settlements and (.'(mipnunises made by eonseut and
direction of the Attorney-General.
The aggregate amount claimed in the cases thus disi>us(Hl of was $74 l.tJl"). The
aggregate amount of the awards was $111,045.32. The aggregate amount of tho
judgments is $107,962.33.
Of the nine cases pending in Fond du Lac (-ounty at that <late, the appeal in out;
was dismissed by stipulation, and in two by the order of tho conrt, and six are still
pending and undetermined.
All cases at issue have been transferred to tho eircuit eourtof the United States
for the eastern district of Wiseonein, pursuant to tlio ])rovisi(>ns of tho a<.'t of Sej>-
tember 30, 1890. These include the five oases formerly ponding in Winnebago (.'ounty,
six in Fond du Lac County, one in Outagamie County, and one in Waushara (.'ounty,
making thirteen cases now pending, in which the aggregate amount clainuid is
$210,818, and the aggregate amoimt awarded is $124,904.02.
I expect to dispose of those oas(?s, or at least some of them, at tho October term of
the court, and I estimate that $7,000 will be used in the necessary i)roparatiou and
defense of these actions.
There are also pending in the State courts various motions for relief by claimants
who failed to appeal within the time or whoso i)otitions have boon in someway
overlooked by the commissioners. Thus far tho decisions have boon uniforuJy in
favor of the United States.
There is also pending a suit in equity, comnu»nced in tho T'nitod States circuit.
court for the eastern district of Wisconsin, against the Winnebago Paptir Couii)any
and some thirty others, mill o>\niers at Noonah and MiMiasha. If possible, the do-
fondants will be required to close their proof during the present sumnu'r, so that
the matter can be heard by the court either at tho October or January term.
During the past year I have delivered to the parties entitled thereto, Treasury
drafts, drawn pursuant to the ai)propriation of Soptembor 30, l><iK), to the amount of
1156.552.70 and taken proper receipts and satisfactions thorofor. Of this amount
$35,a62.50 was paid to the commissioners appointed by tho courts; $787.r)() was ]»aid
to Mr. £. E. Chapin for office rent, and the balance in settlement of awards for (lam-
ages in cases where no appeals were takeu.
Very respectfully yours,
A. Fi. TiioMrsov,
Special Assistant United nutates Attorney.
lf%j. CiiAS. £. L. B. Davis,
CorpB of Engineers, U. S. A»
2580 RErOKT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
List of articles transported on Fox River, Wiscomtin, during the calendar year 1890.
Tons.
Logs
Lnmber
Conl voixl .
Pulp woo<l .
Shingles . . .
Laths
Stave bolts .
Pine slabs . .
Boom slicks
Coal
211,350
8,976
28,608
33,446
l,3r»4
16
506
600
5
10,900
Pig-iron 2,886
Stone ; 23,146
(jravel 1,560
Sand I 17,528
Lime 5.990
Brick : 35,034
Sewer pi|M- ■ 400
Salt. { 2,005
Flour I 168
Millstufla i 1,702
Article.
Grain
Potatoes
Apples
Cranberries
Beer
Fish
Live stock
General merchandise . .
Tons.
30
I.'iO
23
40
33
75
200
510
Total
389,291
Passengers, 20,760.
«
Lint of boats navigating Fox liivcr between Portage and Green Bayy Wis,, June, ISOI.
Name of boat.
Evalvn
K. M. Hutchinson.
Fashion
Citvof Berlin
B. F. Carter
Ossian C-ook
C.S. Morris
J. H. Marston
Mark
O. B. Keed
Jolin I^yiich
Morning Rell (tug)
Viola (tug)
Thoa. STMtar (tug) . .
Agnes C. (tug)
w! W. Nefr(tug)..
K. D. Moore (tug) .
D. W. Libby (tug).
Draft.
Feet.
5
5
3i
4
3
3
5
3J
10
6
3J
n
Ton-
Steam
nage.
or sail.
160.06
Stioam.
189.96
Do.
70
Do.
1.50
Do.
125
Do.
175
Do.
100
Do.
150
Do.
30
Do.
75
Do.
60
Do.
9
Do.
7
Do.
41
Do.
7
Do.
46.44
Do.
60
Do.
60
Do.
II
Name of boat.
D. TV. Cady (tug)
Oshkosh (tug)
Emma (sc4)w)
Georgie (scow)
Tonsy (scow)
Julia (scow)
SaHsy Jack (scow)
Rosobud (sc^>w)
EcIipHe (scow)
Burge (Morning Bell) . ,
Barge (Mark)
Barge (D. W. C;idy) ..
Barge Jumlw* . . . .*
Barge Xo. 1*
Barge No. 2*
Barge No. 3*
Barge No. 4*
Ton-
nage.
20
46 !
35 I
82 1
72 i
U
26
7r»
60
70
90
75
97
145
145
145
145
Steam
or sail.
Steiun.
Do.
Sail.
Do.
Do.
Do.
l>o.
Do.
Tow.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Du.
H. Collet te.
Xnmhvf of lockages on Fox liivcr^ WiacouHin.for (hv calendar year 1S90.
No.
1
:{
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
L«K*k.
vrv
De 1
T^ittle Kuuknuiia
lla]»id Crocho
Kaiiknuna, iiflh
Kaukaunn, f'nurtli . . .
Kaukaunn, third
! Kaukaitna, srcoiul —
i Kaukauiia, tir.st
Litth^ Chute, t'liuith f
Little Chut*', tliini . S
Little Chiitr, srcMiHl .
Little Chnti'. tiisi
Cedars
Apph'ton. I'niirili
Api)letun. third
('(lUiliiiiid
Lofk-
ages.
TOO
()r)7
5-17
m)
747
t;74
(186
70(5
S 4(5!)
) mi
417
41ri
4(M
It:.!)*
403
; No.
16
17
18
10
L»(»
21
•jii
•J4
•j(;
Lock.
r Lork-
Ap]detoii, Hc^4iii«l 4<>fi
Ai>|>h'tou, llrst .'^'4
Menimha 77:'.
Fjin'ka I «;!•.•
Merlin (5j.'»
White Klvor KV)
rrinccton Km
Grand liiver :»««
Moiiti-llo i'tfi
CJuveruor IJi'iid !•>%
Fort \Viuiieha;;i» ? IsT)
I*ort age City i^\
Total rj,(ni
L L 21.
OPEKATINci AND CAi;!: 01'^ LOCKS AM) DAMS ON I'OX IMVKK, WISC.'ONSIN.
The r\]M>ii(litnrcs tor inaintiiiniii;; tlit'. r.xi>tiii<;' (Lfptli oi' nnvipitioii
tlinni;^liout tlic Fox Ifivci* and <*anals: tor n^pairs to mccliaiiical coii-
stnictions that have boeu coiiiph^U'd and in u.^c, but aftciwards injured
ArPKNMMX LL IJKPoljT OF MA.IoK DAVLS. 25^1
byilcxNl or oUi<nwise; lor <;ui'mi|. rr,|>;jirs ioold locks aihl dams, iiiid lor
l«H;k-t(Midoj*s' scrvic<.»s, lijivr, Imm'Ii pjiirl IVoin Mm* ind<»-1iiii<<* jipproprijitioii
lor ''operating uiid caic orciinals and otlnM* works of juivi^alion," ]>ro-
vided by section 4 of the river and Jiarbor a<ft of July 5. 1H6L
In aveordauce mtU this secrtion an iteniiz<Ml st^itiMiient of the expendi-
ture is ap[)eiided lierewitli.
Work during the fiscal year ending June .'50, ISOl, consisted of i)uild-
iii^ and hanging two new gates for tlie Un-k at l)e Pcrc: four n<nv gates
forthefourthlockat Appleton, and fourfor the 10ur<»-ka Lock; extensive
repairing of the Appleton fourtli lock, lUMMvssitated bythe <'arryingaway
of the upper gat^s by tlie steamer K, M. IInfc/iiufion: in rebuilding
Dredges Xos. 2 and 4; repairing phint and making more or less exten-
sive incidental repairs to locks, dams, and canal banks.
For details of tlie work attention is resi)e<*tfnlly invited to the a])pended
rei>ortof Mr. Samuel Whitn(\v, assistant engineer.
Monet/ Htafimnit,
June 30, 1891, amount expoiidod diiriii'; liscnl y«*:ir $*W, 1)89. 00
Amount (estimated) for expenditure in liseal ye:ir I'lidiiii^ .fiiiM' :»(>. isj):^.. HS, 998. :^J
UEPORT OF MR. SAMITKL WIIITNKY. A^^SISTAN^ i:\«;iM:KIt.
I'MTKP StaTKS KNOIXKKK OfFICK,
( )hU kosh . IHm., Jun e . in, ISO!,
Major: I liave the honor to Ru1»mit the foUowin^ rep<»rt of opcnitious under the
head of operating and eare of eauals and other works of ii:i\ i«^:itioii ou the Fox
Kiver for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891,
The principal work done during; the year \vashuildin^an<I haii<;iu«; two n<^\v ^at«*.H
for De l*ere and four for Ap])leton Fourth Locks, making four new ji^ates lor h^urrka
Lock; rebuilding Dredges Nos. 2 and 1, re]:>ainn|]: the plant. an<l uiakin<; iucichMital
repairs of locks, dams, and canal hanks.
IJe Pere Lock and Dam. — ^New solid ^ates for th(^ upper end M' lork \v«*re huilt, the
old ones taken out and the new ones hun^ in jdace; liand rails. uiaueuverin«r ^car,
and fenders were made and sceured to ^ates. The canal Wmv (»t'tho upper left win«^
wall was sheathed with two thicknesses vt' pine ]dank.
A leak near the right ubutuicnt of the dam was sto)>jHMl by ]il.-irni^ aii<l puddling
360 cubic yards of clay.
There were purrhjised and expended 7,810 f«*et, 1*. M., of piur and 2.0^2 iVoi, W. M.,
of oak timber, 2,350 pounds of T and straj» iron. r>,()i)() pouu«ls irou cjistinvjs. 25
2)oundH iron, and 224 pounds screw bolts.
Little Kankauna Lock and Dam, — Slight repairs were made to tlu* toe post, of the
upper left gat-e, one new snubbing i)Ost set, and one cajjstau jdatform rejjaired.
ITie ^Id planking of 160 linear tee t of the apron of the dam was rejilaced by new
white-oak plank. The repairs of the backing of the dam w«'re couijdeted by iilling
the low places with 1,360 cubic yards of clay.
There were purchased and expended 7,200 ieaij U. M., of whit«'-oak ]>lauk. SS8 feet.
B. M.. of pine plank, 600 pounds of spikes, and 4 tons of anthracite coal for the steam
launcn.
Bapid Croche Lock and Dam. — The lower niit<T sill and the tloor of the lo«"k chamber
having risen from 3 to 6 inches made it ne<cssary to jnimp the water out of the lock
BO that repairs could be made. Timber and stone for cofferdams were trans))orted
from Menasha and Appleton, and on the cl(>se of navigation, Noveml>er 20, 18JH). the
work of constructing colf«'rdams abovi? and below tlie lock was (romnuMned. The
dams were completed in December; juimping engine, }>ump, etc., set u]) and the
water pumped out of the lock. Old tloor i>lanks at the lower gate re<'ess, an<l
for a width of 3 feet 6 inches along the center of the lock chamber, the lower miter
sills, and platform under the miter sills wen> taken u]) and removed from the lock.
A crib 6 feet 9 inches witle, 6 fec^t high, and 29 feet Icmg, to which the miter sills
could be secured, was built, placed in a trench ex<;avati*d for its reception, and tilled
withstone. The upstream side of the eril) was sheet piled with two thi(*kne8ses of
2-iiich plank, reaching to a depth of 2 feet below bottom of crib; the space between
APPENDIX LL — UKPOKT OK MA.ToR DAVIS. 2583
pinelumber ior ruupluukaiid ri'pairs ol'st'ows, 1 ton iiiitlinnilr aii<l 2 tons liiiuiiiiu-
OU8 coal for bouts.
Little Chute Combined Locka. — ^Thc joints of 10;5(X) HiipeiTicial feet of the \\:tlls \vi>i«j
raked ont ami rcpointod with Portlaml ccnicnt. Two new gatf? spars were miuli- nn«L
]>1aced.
ITiere wore piirrhasrd an<l cxpcndiMl 3 harreln of Poitlanil reuuMit.
JAltlc t'hu-Ui Set'ond Lovk. — Tlu' joints of r>.(>(H» siiperHrial feet of walls w«*i'<« rak«Ml
out and repointed with Portland ('eiiu>nt. 'I'wo barrels of rcnuMil were piireliasrd
and expended.
Little Chute First Lock. — 'J'inib<T for repairs of the cojnng was broiij^iit from IM
Pere and Lit tic Kankauna. One hniulred ainl «Mght v-oii«> linear feet of the old coiting,
iuchiding eroastiea and roar pieces, were nnioved and replaced \t\ nt?w timhersj two
gat« 8pai*8 were made to roplace broken (ines. eonij>letiii«^ the repairs.
There were purchased and expended !?<() fei't i». M. of i>ine lmnl)er.
Little Chute Dam. — No repairs were made to this dam during the .yenr.
Cedars lA)ck and Dam, — ^o repaii'8 were needed to t he loek. SonndingK were taken
above the dam; (M) linear feet of brush mats made and sunk in |daees whore the
backing had been washed ont, and 1,740 cnbie yards of clay <lei»osited on the mats
completing the repairs to the backing.
Appleton Fourth Lock, — On the 3()th of July, the steamer K. M. HHivhinaon, on her
up trip, ran into the upper gates, forcing them open and damaging the right gaio
beyond repair. The h>ft loAver gate was force*! out of place by the rushofwat«*r
through tiie lock, and carried downstream about 2(M) f(»et. Material was eolleited
and the work of repairs commenced on tin* day of the aeeidenl. A eotfenhan. 1*W>
feet in length and 8 feet in heigfit, was built, and the water shut out of the canal.
A large amount of stone that had been wjished into tlie loek and lodgt'd against tiic
dower miter sill was removed by a hand dredgcj. The left lowt.'r gate, was recovered.
repaired, and rehuug. The ironwork of the left upper gate was r(»i»aired. two new
arms ][>ut in, and the gate hung in place. A now solid timber gate was built, and
hung m place of the old right upper gate. Three diamond blocks and one ea]i-
stau platform were made and xdaced, coniphjting rojjairs of the lock. On the 10th
of August, Dredge No. 3 made asufhcient opening through the cofferdam to admit
the passage of boats, and navigation was resumed on that date. The cofferdam wuh
entirely removed on the 19th of August.
After the close of navigation, November 20, 1890, the three old gates, temi)orarily
repaired at the time of the accident, were taken out, valves, valve rods, suspension
straps, and other ironwork removed and placed on new gates and thti gates hung
in place of the old ontis. The capstan platforms were repaired and two new gate
spars made.
There were jmrchased and expended 19,030 feet 1?. M. pine and 3.081 foe I 15. M. oak
lumber, 500 ]>ounds nails and si)ikos, 6.^»() pounds drift )>olts, 39S pounds wrought
iron, 31G pounds bar iron, j>19 ])0und8 screw bolts and washers. 2,350 p(»unds T-irous
and straps, 7,550 ptmnds cast-iron gate weights, 227 pounds iron castings, 12 cords
of wood, and 4 tons of bitumin(uis coal.
Crib pier bettreen the lower end of theU-fl iriuti wall of the Jpplfton Third Lock and
the upper end of the center pica' of the drauhrithjv. of the Milwauku; Lnkf Shorn and JfV«/-
erji nailway. — Eighty linear feet of cribs Jj, to ?> t'vvi in height and 8 feel, in width,
were built, siuik in place, and tilled with stoue. Coinug timbers. 8 by 10 inches, for
the entire length of pier, 112 feet, were framed and boltt^d in jdace, completing the
work. Of the stone used 10 cords were brought from Ai>}deton Ijower Dam and the
remainder from Menasha.
There were i)urchased and expended )^1 pounds drift bolts.
Appleton Third Loek. — No rej^airs were needed.
IVaste weir above Appleton Third l.nvk. — Tlu? rotteu ]»lanks on the sides of walls
were removed and rejdaccd by new on<'.s, and the sink holes in the bank at both sides
of the weir were lilled with 20 cuhi<' yanls (d" gravel, comphsting the rei)airs.
There were purchased and expende*! (><)."» feet r». M.of tongu«'d and grooved pine
plank.
Appleton Second Lock. — No repairs wenj needed.
AppUton First Loek (old). — TIk* <le«ayed timbers and jdauks wore removed from a
section, 12 by 70 feet, of the left wall and replaced by new timbers: 97 cubic, yards
of the dry masonry of the same wall were tak«'n down and rebuilt. 19 <'ubic yards of
which were laid in cement, so as to make a water-tight connection with the new
head wall. The valves, valve rods. «*tc., were removed from the lower gatc^s, com-
pleting the repairs.
There were purchased and ex]K'ndod 220 ]K>nn<ls spikes and nails, 3,(j00 feet B. M.
pine plank, and 17 cubic yards of sand.
Appleton First Lock (new). — The uppca* bdt capstan jdatfonn, which had become^
badly decayed, was replace<l by a new one.
Aj^leton Upper Dam (sluice gates), — The old Howe ti'usses supporting the beam to
2584 KEPOKT OF THE ClUKF OF ENCilNKKKS, U. S. AiniV.
which the gates wore huiijjwere roniovod and replaced by new trussed bramaof oak
16 iuches square. All of the gates (five in number) were nrovided with now uruiH,
bracoB, trunnions, and 8a4ldles; th*- decayed timbers of tne winch track were re-
placed with new timbers, and slight repairs made to the footwalk over the sluices.
There were pun^hased and ex))ended 8,592 feet B, M. pine, 4,693 feet B. M. oak
lumber, and 8,58i) pounds iron castings, straps, rods, etc.
Menasha Lock and Dam. — "So repairs were required.
Eureka Lock. — All of the hu-k wall coping was removed, the walls leveled up, and
the coping relaid; the walls at the head of the lock, for a distance of 8 feet from the
ui)per end of the gate recess, were raised 16 inches; the joints of 2,.500 superficial
feet of the lock walls were raked out and repointed Avith Portland cement, and the
low places in the backing of the lock tilled with 105 cubic yards of gravel. Ten
guard piles were driven at the head and 4 at the foot of the lock; the piles at the
head of the lock were ]>rovided with 12 by 12 inches oak fenders and chocks, which
were fitted and bolted to the i)iles with l^-inch screw bolts. Slight repairs were
made to the gates, 2 new gat(? spars made, 1 ca])stan i)latform repaired, and 3 new
snubbing posts set. Dui'iug the past winter 4 new solid gates have been built ready
to hang in place.
There were i)urchased and expen«led 14 oak piles, 5,800 feet B. M. oak timber,
10,505 feet B. M. pine timber, 4 barrels Portland cement, 40 barrels Milwaukee ce-
ment, 6 lock valves, 8 sjiar rollers, 5,078 pounds iron castings, 6,385 iiounds wrought
iron bolts, straps, and r<ids, and 7 tons bituminous coal.
Eureka lovk houne. — ^Tlie outside of house was painti^l one coiit, and a new galva-
nized iron chimney to]) put on one of the chimney.'^
Tliere wer(> pnrcha»efl and expended 8 gallons mixed fiaint, If gallons boiled lin-
seed oil, and 21 pounds galvanized iron.
Eureka Dam. — A leak near the left end of the dam was stopjied with 12 brush mats,
40 cubic yards of gravel, and 160 cubic yards of <'lay.
Berlin Lock and Dam. — Ten guard piles were driven at the head and four at the foot
of the lock; the piles at the head of the lock were provided with oak fenders and
chocks of 12 by 12 inches oak timbers which were fitted and bolt4»d to the piles with
l^-in(di screw holts. Nothing <ione to the dam.
niere were. i)nrcha8ed and exp<'uded, 14 oak]>iles and 1,320 feet B. M. of oak timber.
White Hirer Lovk and Dam. — Ten guard ])iles were driven at the head and four at tlie
foot of the lock; the piles at tlu? head of the lock were provided with oak fen<lers
and chocks of 12 by 12 inch oak timbers wlii<'h were lifted and bolted to the piles
with 1^-inch screw bolts. Nothing done to the dam.
There were ])urchased and ex]>ende<l 14 oak jiiles and 1,320 feet B. M. of oak tim-
ber.
Ptinceton Lovk and Dam. — Ten gnard piles were driven at th<» head and tonr at the
ff>otof the loek; the piles at the head of the lock were provided with oak fenders and
cho<'ks of 12 by 12 inch oak timbers which were tittt^d and liolted to the jiib's with
l^-inch s<*rew liolts. Nothing done to th<! dam. There were purchased and expende<l
14 oak pih's and 1,320 feel !>. M. oak timber.
(hand Rirer Lock and Dam. — No re])airs wer<' needed.
Monivllo Lock and Dam. — Nothing done totlie lock. Aleak inthedam wassto]»j>ed
by 25 Itrush mats and 25 cubii* yards of gravel.
(iovvrnor llvnd Lovk and Dam. — No repairs were retpiired.
Fort Winnchaf/o Lovk. — Four gnard piles were driven at the foot of the lock.
There were ])nrthased and expended 4 oak piles.
Canal at I'nrf/i(/v. — Nothing done to the canal during the year.
(iUard-lork at Portafjc. — No repairs n<?cded during tlie year.
Voriaijv Lvvvv. — Slight r<-]>ai]M weremach* to tin* enihanknient at two or lhr<'e ])l:iees
within three- fourflis of a mile of the lock.
Then^ were pun-Iiased and cxpemled 2.445 feet B. M. pine lumber.
Lovk-tvndvvH offivvn. — Buildings 10 l»y 12 feet, to answer the purpose of t(Md houses
andotliees for lock tenders, were Imilt at Appleton first. I.itth' (Mnit«' ( 'ombined, Ka]>id
Croclie, and Little Kaukauua Locks.
There were ]»nrehase<l and expended, 6,31M feet B. M. pine lumber, 4 doors, 4 win-
dows, and 270 pounds nails.
REPAIRS (»K nOATS AM) DIM'.IKJKS.
Xinrt }f -foot drill tiv(nr. — The ealkiugof the de«k was finished and tin* grousers Hhi)>pe(l,
eoinpletiny: the repairs. The srow was towed 1o A))]>]etou by the steamer Dtkmra on
.Inly r^. 1?<JM).
There were purchased and expeudi'd \\ lialrs of oakum. !^J pounds spun eotton. 2
gallons boiled linseed oil, and IC) pounds screw bolts ami washers.
Fori tf-riifht -foot «eyic. — The (ralking of the duck was linished, four chockh made autl
APPENDIX LJ. IJIiPnKT OF MAJmU DzVVJS. 2^)8*)
bolted in place, aii<l one mat of luviut put on the siiU's and oudo. 'I'Ih' n-pnirs wimh
vounileted uud the scow lauurUoa on the lltli of Juty.
Tnere were pun^hased and expended 3,386 feet i^ M. ])iuo lumber, 294 poundH
'WTouglit iron, 109 ponndH screw holts and waHluMs, 2U> pouixls H))ik(;8 and nails, 2
bales oakum, 1 barrel piteh, 20 pounds hlaek paint, 3 gallons h()ile<l linseed oil, and
30 pounds tallow.
Vredge No, 7. — ^The cabin, A-frame, and top sidtjs of hull were i>ainted one coat.
Tliere were purchased and expended 50.8 gall<»ns lH»i]ed linH<fed oil, 100 juninds
white lead, and 5 pounds lampblack.
/>r«l^« AId. /?.— October 16, 1890, the dredge having complctiMl the work of dredg-
ing the river outlet of the Combined Lock, was towed to Apph-ton by the steam
launch; the outfit was removed and stored in the warehouse, and on the 19th of the
month the dredge was towed to Oshkosh by the tugs lioavohcl and Dekorra for re]»airs.
During the winter of 1890-'91 a new hull, 30 by 80 by 7 ft;et, was built, the cahin re-
paired and enlarged ; a new crane, dix)per handle, spuds, nn<L turntable nuide; new
machinery for hoisting the spuds by stiMm Avas put in, and all of the <dd nia<;hinery
put in good repair; a new tin roof was put on the cahin, and the oaldn, hull, and
crane painted one coat. The repairs were comideted April 12, 1891, and the dredge
towed to Kaukauna.
There were purchased and expended 29,155 feet H. M. i>ine an<l 40,301 feet IJ. M.
oak lumber, 60 tamarack knees, 10,203 ]»ounds wrought iron for drift and screw
bolts, rods, straps, shafting, etc., 4,469 pounds ^ciew liolts and washers, 125 pounds
Norway iron, 9 pounds Kussia iron, 30 pounds galvanized iron, 4,432 ])ounds iron
castings, 217 pounds steel, 11 pounds nuts, 130 pounds aluminum bronzt* castings,
4 poundB sheet brass, 28 pounds slieet copper, 11 ])ouuds zinc, 95 pounds liahbitt
metal, 27 pounds lead pipe, 2,727 pounds s])ikes and nails, 9 gross screws, 180 feet
iron ]>ipe and fittings, 15i'(^ squares tin rooting. 32 ])ounds assorted ])acking, .352
ponnds rope, 21 bales oakum, 1 barrel pitch, 1 barrel mortar, 5 barnds salt, 8,700
deck plugs, 200 bricks, 5 gallons kerosene oil, 51 gaUons boiled linseed oil, 104
ptmnds brown paint, ifej pounds black paint, 500 jxiunds white lead, 120 pounds
tallow, 1 ton blacksmith coal, 5,240 pounds bituminous coal, and one wrought-iron
crane mast and c<»nnections.
Ihedge No, 4. — The machinery was removed from the old hull at Berlin and taken
to Oshkosh in October, 1890. A new hull, 32 by 90 hy 7 feet, ha^ been built and
launched. The cabin has been nearly finished; new crane and turntahle have lM*en
made and put in place, and the dipper handle and sputls nearly completed. The
old macliinery and boiler have been ]»ut in good re]>air and set up in the new boat;
new machinery for hoisting the s]mh1h by steam has Ikmui luade. and set in place.
The hull and outride of cahin have been ])ainted one coat. The Ibllowing new
machinery, necessary to change the dredge from a clam-sliell to a si-oop-dipiwr one,
has been purchased and put in jdace, viz: 1 hannner<*d iron crane mast, 1 wrought-
iron tumttible, 1 swinging shaft and connections, 1 ]»air 7 hy 12 inches swingiug
engines, 147-cubic feetscoo]) dipper, steel racks for dipper haudh», t^ndless chain for
tnmtable, 1 dipper-handle pinion, and all the necessary bolts, sheaves, et<\, for the
crune.
There were also purchased and received 43,090 feet IJ. M. pine, 45,222 feet B.M.oak,
and 39 feet B. M. maple lumber, 24 tamarack knees, 6.586 pounds iron castings,
10,020 pounds wrought iron for rods, straps, drift and s<'rcw Ixdts, 5,477 pounds
screw bolts, 149 pounds drift bolts, 473 pounds steel, 90(> ]M>unds c(dd rolled shaft-
ing, 154 pounds sheet iron, 79 pounds washers, 8 ]>ouuds Norway iron, 2,025 i)Ounds
spikes.and nails, 140 ponnds alumininu bronzt^ castiugs, 13 ]»ound8 assorted ]>acking,
1 blacksmith forge, 21 bales oakum, 2 barrels pit<li. 121 ]n)unds tall(>w, ,500 pounds
white lead, 91^ pounds Victoria black, 25 ])ounds ship hlack paint. .50 ])ounds hrown
paint, 51 gallons boiled linseecd oil, 3 gallons hlack oil, 1 ton hlacksmith coal, and
14 tons bituminous coal.
DUKDGIXG LOWER FOX RIVKR.
Dredging the channel between I)e Pere and Green Bay having been suspended
September 16, 1890, Dredge No. 2 was towed to He Pere. Twonewspu<ls werenuide,
and on the 2()th of the month the dredg<* and scows were towed t<> tln^ river outlet
of Kaukauna fifth lock, where 3,280 culdc; yards of material w<*re taken out of the
channel, placed in dump scows, towed to dee]) water iji the river and dum])ed. On
the 30th of the month the drt'dge went to Kaukauna first level and worked there 3
days at removing stcme and other ohstructious from the canal and Avas then towed
to the river outlet of the Combined Kock at Little Chute, where she worked until
the 16th of October, removing large slon<^ and cleaning coamings in the channel.
The largest of the stones were banked at the side of the river and 490 cubic yards of
small stone aud gravel removed from the coamings were scowed to deep water and
deposited.
2586 REPORT OF TTIK CITTEF OP ENGINEERS, tJ. 8. ARMY.
Dredge No. 3 completed the sccuud out bet>vcou tlic lioad of the canal and the lock
at Menasha, removing 8,610 cubic yards of hard-pan and gravel, all of which were
put In dump hcows, towed to the left side of the rock-t-ut, and dumped. Jnly *J5,
1890, the dredge and scows wore towed to Grignon Rapids, above the u])por dam at
Appleton. Loose roi-k and othor obstructions were rouiwvod ftom the channel Just
above the Mihvauk<'e and Northern Railway Bridge, and on the 28th of Jnly the
dredge went to the Menasha River and worked until August 1. taking out 265 cubic
yards of gravel and Htono. 8he was then towed to Ajiph ton to assist in building a
cotterdam acTOSS the eanal above the fourth loek. The eortVvdam was completed on
the Till of August, and from Unit lime until tlie 16th of the month the dredge was
employed in dredging the elmnni'l below Ap]deton third loek. removing thereirom »
part of an ohl cofferdam and l,iM)r> tul»ic yards of stone and mud. The repairs of
the fourth loek having bcm eoni]>leted and the eolferdam r4*move<l, the dredge Tv-
turned to Menasha River on the 20rli of August and worked until the end of the
month, taking out 1,600 cubic yanls of stone and grav*-!. <rompleting the work of
cleaning the channel. The drctige an<l scows Avere towed to Neonah River August
31. On November 4 the ]>lMnt was towed to the river ontlet of Appleton fourth loek.
The dredge removed 1,4.^ cubic yards of stone and gravel, which were put in dump
Bcows, towed to deep water in the river, and dumi)ed. The wiu'k of cleaning the
channel was compbjtod and dredging suspend«'d for the season on Novem])er 13, 1><?M»,
and the dredge towed to Api»leton lirst loek, to assist in building coflerdams above
and below the lock
Tlien^ were purchased and «ixpended —
For drcihje Ao. L\ 34 cords of wood. 6 gallons lard oil, 2 gallons keroKene oil, and
2,411 feet IJ. M, oak lumber.
For dredge No, /?, 66^ cords of wood, 32 pounds of steel, 35 ])ounds Norway iron, 3(K)
pounds wrought iron, 2<>G p<»unds iron eastings, 13 pcuinds hexagon nuts, ;*» pounds
nails, 10 gallons kerosene. oil. and 310 pounds 1>laeksniitli coal.
For steam launch (icnvral MtadCy 6 gallons lard oil, 3 gallons kerosene oil, and 3
tons of anthracite coal.
For steam tntf Dehnra, 4 screen doors. 443 pounds steel, 6 ])onnds wrought iron, 8
pounds spikes, M^ pounds assorted packing, and 11 tons bituminous coal.
DUKIXaXlJ UPPEU FOX KIVKR.
Dredge No. 5 continued the work of making a 4-foot <diannel between Fort "Win-
nebago and (loverufu' fiend Locks. From a ]>oint about half a mile below the first -
mentioned lock, a cut 11. 171 ffct in length, 0() feet in width, and an average depth
of 2 feet was mad*-, <i.').358 cubic yards of sand were removed and banked at the si(h^
of the river. On \\\o 3d of DeciMuber, l8fM), the dre<lging of the channel having been
eomidrted to within 1 mile of Govenior liend Lock, the <lredge moved down to a
bar Jnsi below tin- lock and took out r>(K.) cubic yards of sand, which work having
lnMin tinifshed on thr 51 h of Dccrnibrr <lredging for the season was sns]>ended sind tlie
dredge laid up al (iovrrnoi 13<*nd Lork.
May r>, ISJM, tin* n]>airs of the «lredg«! having been eonipletrd, dre^iging was n
ing IS8 ruhic yards nl' niairrial; from the next bar, a distance of 600 feet farther
downstream. 311 mhii* yards nf sand wenMlrcdg<Ml and })anke.d. The dredge va^
tln^n ti»\M«l by Niranirr lUn^mhrl lo a ]>ar r»(M) feet bt-low Monti'lloLock, wbrre a nit
27r> lV«'j in hiitrth, l."» fnt in widih. and 2 iret in dr]itli whs made; yi6 cnliic yards
of sand w<'H' taiscn (ml and hank«Ml at iln- si<lr ol the river. On the 10th of May
the strauH-r UttHrtthtl tnw«Ml tlir dndgt- lo a point one-fourth of a mile below Grand
b'ivcr LcM'k, and on tlie tolloxNJnir day tho wnvk of dredging a H-tbot channel thnnigh
th<^ bar at tliat jdace was roinnniMrd. A tut 1,012 feet in length, 0^) feet in widtli.
and an av<'rage <lej»tli <»f about 1 f»rt, was made, from which 8,21t» cubic yards of
sand were r<ni(»vcd and banked at tlie .sidr of the river. The dre<ige then dropped
<lown to Wilsons Bar and look ont .ind banUid 7S1 enbir yards of material.)
Dn*dgr No. 7 eonij>ht<d tin* dredging of a cbannrl b«t\\e.en H<'rlin Lork anil Brr-
iin early in .Inly, and was employed tin- remainder of tin- season in tlie n-nnival of
bars betwcrn lierlin and <Mnro. From the channel bet wren Herlin fjM-k and l»iiliii
l,*jr»7 <*iibir \ards of sand and j:iavol wwr n-moved. of wlii< li 7■l^s «ni»ic yards w«n-
rchandled, and from the bais brtwern ruilin and Onivo Ihi-n* wrreremoNcd and
banked 5.s.s:;j» rnbie yaids of <lay and sand. In ord«r to jdacf tin' tin-dgi'd matiriai
^ APPENDIX liL ^RKI'OIM OV NFAJOK DAVIS. 2587
cunal above Eureka Lock. Two thousand five himclTed aiul thirty yardn of Hand
and mud were taken out and placed on the canal Itanks.
There were purchased and t^xpcndod as folio wk:
For Dredge Jfo. 5, 48 feet H.. M., iiiaplr IiiuiImt, .'>2 ])oi]ndH steel, 38 pounds iron, 25
pounds assorted packing, 122^ feet iron pipe ami littiiij^s, :)27 ])ound8 rope, 161 poniids
C(»tt-on waste, 74 gallons kerosene oil, T) gallons )>oiled liiiMeed oil, 26 gallons Kldorado
castor oil, 8 gallons lard oil, 5 gallons cylinder oil, HI gallons black oil, 10 pounds red
paint, 2 clam poles, 1 grind stono, 1 barrel salt, 1 barrel lime, 100 pounds bla(?k-
sniith coal, and 170 cords of wood.
¥or Ih-etUje. So, 7, 62fee,t, B. M.. maple and 10 feet, \\. M.,i>ine lumber, 419 poinuls steel,
384 pounds iron, 6 pounds screw bolt^. Ui poundH niitH, 2,0iKJ ]K)uii(Is iron eaHtin<rs,
251 pounds brass castings, 15 pounds lead, 8A pounds zinc, 13^ ]>onnds assorted i>ai;k-
ing, 16 feet iron pipe and fittings, 33 gallons kerosei^ oil, 51 gallons Kldorado cas-
tor oil, 12 boxes axle grease, 5 lights glass, and 338 cords of wood.
For Steamer 'Boscohely 92 pounds steel, 10 ])ounds Itabbitt metal, 4 pounds lead pipe,
25 x)Ounds assorted packing, 22 feet iron in])e and fittings, 41 pounds rope, 2 pounds
putty, 5 lights glass, 55 pounds cotton waste, 28 gallons kerosene oil, 2 gallons cyl-
inder oil, 25 gallons Eldorado castor oil, 9 gallons lard oil, 1 globe valve, 18 cords of
wood, and 76^ tons of bituminous eoal.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Samukl WniTXKv,
AabiHtant Enijiiwcr,
Maj. Chas. E. L. B. Davis,
Corps of Engineers, U, S, A,
OPERATING AND GARK OF CANALS AND OTHER WORKS OF NAVIGATIOX ArrLlKD TO
FOX RIVER, WISCONSIN; SKXTION 4 OF RIVER AND HARBOR ACT OF JULY 5, 1884.
Detailed statement of erpenditureJi for fiscal year eudhif/ June 30, 1891, with iinnized stalc-
ment of expenses attached, as required hy the above act of July .7, 7,S'.S7.
Character of w«»rk, etc. i Itmi of oxpnisr. Anumiit. 'J'ofnl.
Kt'pairft of Pe IVre Lock ' :\rs«t<rinls $!(••_•. lu
Do LjiImh- -J-i'J.tiS
lit-pairs of Jh^ Pere Dam Labor r.i. ou
Itejiairft of Little KankuniiJi J-.iMk J.ubor i 1>.'J'>
liriHiira of Little Kniikaniia Dam :Mntrrial ^ :I7«). lM»
Do L:ilMir r.si».Hr.
JU'iKLirs of Kaiikauna Warehonsi' .Matorials s_». l".>
Ut-liaira of Hapid Croclie Lock ^lal oriah WW iH
Do Labin' uikI trjiii'<it<<rijitii'ii . . *_*. 174.12
licjuiirs of Kai)id Croclio Dam ! Lalnn- 7:57. ^7
Ii«'l»airs of Kaiikamia Fourth Lork * ' Materials L»M2. (X)
Ihi LalMn- l,tMil.;H»
Ki'liairMofKHnkaimaThinl r.<M-k I.al)i»r ! !»:!. L»:{
Ri>]»aiTi« of Kaiikaiiua Third Level >L'M«rij:!:, 7:!. os
Di> La»uir 4J>_\47
]{(*IwirM of Kaiikauna StH'oiid Lo<'k MaU-rial r»2. 70 j
Do Labor 707. :J0 |
Ik^iialni of K.'iukanua Firnt Loi.'k ■ Labor OL SH I
lt<*|Hiir!4 of Kaukauna Dam Labor .')!*_'. 73 I
I{i'I>Hini of Kaukauna C'iiiial banks Labor r»:U.47
li«*|>air» of Little Chute Com bill! 'd LmUs • Labor , Hir». 7."»
Kepairn of Little Chute S««<-ond LorK . Labor ♦i7. «
Bepoinof UtUe Chuto First Lock ; LaboK 4'.'. 74
!?«;<.n.78
<}L00
i>. 25
0<iO. 14
S2.29
:{,444.o:j
L2():{.30
S.->(». OG
fiL.')8
r.12.73
r.3L47
ior».7r.
C7.C7
42.74
2r»8S REroRT OK i\n: cikki- di'
IXr.Kltfi, V. 8. ARMy.
APPENDIX LL ^REPOUT OF MAJOR DAVIS.
2589
temiged statement of expenses made from appropriation for operating and care of canals
and other works of navigatioUf indefinite, act of July 5, 1884, applied to Fox Elver,
WiscQHsin,
Pat«.
1800.
July 26
26
28
26
26
26
26
26
81
81
81
81
81
81
31
31
81
81
81
81
31
81
81
81
81
31
31
31
31
31
81
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
4
4
4
5
7
7
11
11
12
15
20
22
22
28
31
31
31
31
31
31
81
81
31
81
81
31
31
31
31
81
81
n
No. of
voucber.
iug.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
1
2
8
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
*M
27
*J9
30
31
82
To whom puid.
For -what pnUI.
Amount.
T. C. Hanford Oil
John Jamefl Servicea
Couleo Imiiilior Company Lnml)er
Cliaa. T. Stnmd Oakum, etc
K. M. Hutohinaon ' Iron, etc
Jaa. Gillinsham &, Son Srro.wboUa. etc
'A. F. Mueller llini of jackacrowH
L. E. Chapello , l*aiut, etc
Paul E. Thoniaa I Servicea
I
.do
do
.do
.do
-do
.do
.do
C. A. Fuller
Andrew ( )'Connell .
John M. Paieo
John A. Baukei . . .
Alexander Siraa . . .
Jamea Clear
John Baeten
Jerry Parkinaon j do
Gotweb Jahnke ' do
John Lewia ' do
George Glfford do
Kicha«l K. Rice '....do
Gabriel Wick !....do
Samuel Whitney do
Thomas Meyers do
De« Forges & Company Stationery
Charles W. Day * Lnmher
I^nthcr Lindauer ( 'onl. etc
Jno. JanHcn J.unilMir
Butler Brot-hera Tin nMjfJng, et<*
Gerry Lumber Company ; LnnilMT
Alfred Galpins' Son.s ...\ KaiU*. etc
J. F. Joslyn liUlMir
J. J. Marshall ( )il. et«'
J.C.Koelsch Parking. cir ...
Robinson & Riley ('oal
D. T. H. MacKinnon j Stei'l. ete
James Gillingham & Son ' Lumber
A. Sanford Logging" Tool Company. Pike ])oIe.s
McKcnzie & Crawford .*. . ( -oal
etc.
H. S. Sacket j Peeking. et<; .
Niels Johnson , \ I?al)bet ini>t;jl.
Charles S. Morris ('oal. et<-
Priest & Garrow Wood
"Warner Hardware Company Oil, etc
Oj a. Fuller ' Traveling exp<'iise» .
Joys, Norris & Co Rojie. et<'
Milwaukee Sewer Pipe Company Onient
Samnel Whitney I Traveling expenses .
Charles M. Cole ' — do
Hired men ■ Servit-es, July, 1890.
Ramsey & Jones Lnmber — *
Atlas Iron and Braas Works Piston rinj;s
Patrick Coylc S«'rviees
Frank I.»anpena do
MaJ. Charles K. L. B. Davis Milea^
George Fnrance , Servi<»:;
Ike Johnson ' do
Hired men do
C. A. FuUer , Tra-veling expenHe.-*.
Orville Bea<b ! Kt-niof land
Frederick Sehnidcr I Servict'H
A. Roris If ouiitoii I do
C. A. Fuller i . . . do
Andrew O'Connell.
John M. Paico
John A. Banker —
Alexander Sims . . .
James Clear
John Baeten
Jerry ParkinH«m. . .
Gottlieb Jahnko..
*lobn I<<;^v).^
George Gitford.
.do
.do
.do
.do
.do
do
do
.lio
do
do
Ricbanl K. Rico do . . .
Hired men do
(Jabrit'l \Vi<*k do
(Ihai'lcs M. Coll' Traveling expiii.Hen.
C.A.FuUer .,..do ...:
Sohlafer, Barrett Sc Tench t Wheelbarrows, etc..
$34.66
26.00
.•VS. 32
33.02
15.00
10.93
7.75
20.00
50.00
' 200,00
10.00
:)5.00
30.00
30.00
35.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
155.00
31.00
10.20
35.02
11.00
16. 33
82.29
12.28
15.04
1.00
2.60
4.77
9.04
13.00
L6K
10. 8C
100. 2f
U. 47
1!0. 62
91.75
3;W. 50
2. 87
10.42
55.15
24. 06
9.17
4.66
3, 004. 95
108. 25
4.50
3.90
4.50
16.00
0.18
15.00
773,
9
0-",
58
a'»
00
7.31
200.00
200. 00
10.00
35.00
30. 00
30.00
3r>. 00
30.00
30.00
30.00
:{<). 00
:to. 00
.-|(>. oil
30. 00
L'O. 01
6.47
2590 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
Itemized statement of expenses, etc, — Coiitluued.
Oct.
Date.
No. of
voucher.
1890,
Aug. 31
33
31
:!4
•M
• :ir.
31
:;<*»
:n
:57
31
38
81
39
31
40
31
41
31
42
31
43
• 31
44
31
45
31
46
31
47
31
48
81
49
31
50
Sept. 3
1
3
2
3
3
4
4
4
ft
0
6
9
7
10
8
13
9
•>7
10
To whom paid.
For what paid.
27
27
27
27
27
27
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
•M)
30
30
Hi)
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
2
2
2
2
6
6
8
9
9
13
13
28
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
81
11;
12 i
13 '
14 !
15 ;
16 I
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
21>
I'.O
31
32
33
34
35
30
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1«>
11
12
13
14
15
IG
17
18
19
20
(leny Lumber C<mip:iny X.uiiil>cr
Kamsay &. Jones do
Applet-oii Machine (JuuiiKiiiy I iiui cuHtiiigs, cir
J. C. Koelftch S<n»fii doorA, etc
I). T. 11. MacKinnon ' Stt'ol. otc
"Wni. Sclnilwirt ' Hauling stone . .
Wm. Kruegcr & Co j Iron
ConltM) Lumber Company | Lunibor
Amount.
AV'(M>d, etc
Coal
jCron castings, etc
Woo<l
Cotton wafit4», etc
Pi]K» and fittings
Ste<'l, ot<j
Stationery
Oil, etc
(Jemout
Services
......do
Traveling expenses
Hickory poles
S<>rvicea, August, 1890
S<"rvi<*ea
SluH^ti*. etc
McKenzio & Crawfonl
Chas. S. Morris
Niels Johnson
Priest & Garrow
J. E. Wells & Co
J. H . Daly
H. 8. Sacket
Dos Forges & Co
Drake Brothers
Milwaukee Sower Pipe ('oinpauy . . .
Samuel Whitney *.
Thomas Myers
Samuel Wl'iitney
J;umes itoche . .'
Uiroil men
O. W. Jenkiurt
Weber Bros
Ifarry Stroebr S«'rvi«*ea
Vulcan Iron W«»rks ; 1 >ipper tvoth, et<'
llcnrv Thomari i l>ejK»Miting dreilged material . .
Charfus Young do
G. Khrlich «lo
D.W.Orton ...do
n. B. Livermore do
Theodore (ih)C<'khr ■ do
Patrick Lehane ' do
C. A. Fuller Services
Andrew ()('onn»Il ^\o :
John M. ritii;e ' do
John A. Banker do
Aloxan«ler Sims do
JamoH Clear t\o
John Beaten do
Jerrv Park inson do
Gottlieb Jiihnke '....do
John Lewirt # do
George (rilFonl ' do
i{i<li{ird K. Kire '....do
(iabriel Wick i\o
(.'harli'M W. Day , Lunjlu-r
trt»hn Srlilossrr I'amprr. rt<
AllrtHl Gali)in'.s SoUH Stoves. rt<', I
St- hIaiVr, Barrett. \ 'IVsch IJoat s])ik«*M, et.- '
B. T.Gihnoi-e l otruerrnt I
A. L. Smith 1 Hire «»t']umst' !
Ajjpleton Machine Cnnipanv ; L'>rk vahrs
Donian •*(,' M.inurl J'.ia '■> «v»stin;,'s, et<
.McKenzle \- Crawfonl ' ('oiil.<-te
U.S. Sa<ket ()il.«tr
Niels .I»i]in-s«)n Str^'l. «-t«: i
Priest A-. (larrow I Wood j
J. I'. VVrlN \-. To S«»ai), ell- |
Driko Unit hers j (HI j
('. .\.rullrr ' TiMvrliii;; exiienst'S }
Milwaukee ('niK-nt CoiMitanv ■ Ci'incnt i
H.roll.-tte 1 Tuwin;:' i
(■liarles M. Col«» ! Travrling e\iM'n«('.-. '
Hired nn-n ' S«rviri's, St'iitt'inlHT, iHtHJ i
Hoy Sims S4TvieeH ■
Janie-' Jones , do |
John MrClonnirl; :. . . .do '. i
Matllu'W Siiinott 1 Hepositing dredged material. .
ThtMMlorus W issjiil; I S<M'vices
Hfurv WeyeniH'i!. I do
Hin'd men*. ' do
James MeT)ani^l I ANimd
M. v. Barteau ; H.iy
H.A. KiMtrr Oil'
("Jerry LunihtT ('oinpany
Kam^tiy A: Join's .'
Ap]>h'ton Mai-liine ('ompany
Howanl & Jennings
Domon & Manuel
Lumber
do •
Tnm caMtiiiu-i. ••ti-. .
Globe valves, «t' . ..
Brass castings, etc.
$8(\06
(K).>t4
277.48
Hi. 60
6.H5
139. fiH
1.75
15.48
299.02
96.75
109.85
274.77
15.92
3.f»
25.36
22.10
13.25
20. 70
55.00
31.0(>
14.61
H>.00
3, 137. 38
5.(»0
12.84
7. 5<»
IIH. (Ml
5. 46
8. 30
K 4'i
9. U
». 72
13. :w
58. Tl
2(H». IM)
10.00
35. IH)
:w. 00
;mi. 00
35. OO
30. 0(»
30. (N)
30. (N)
30. 00
30. (H)
30. IN)
30. <H)
•>..{. 00
J. "o
I'J. 3.'!
1 <. 7->
2."). OO
4."». 00
2''. I'S
70.71
H. 17
4". ".'»
213. ^7
•(. 10
Ci. ()3
11. Tf.
30. Ill
3l.\ 00
:;. :;ri
•J 1. 00
1'^. OO
1>. O'l
M;. To
M. 12
I6.r>i
311'. 2 1
2. .T.
7.42
9.00
!♦".. ^0
3:<7. 01
734. 77
1.78
20.77
APPENDIX LL — REPORT OF MAJOR DAVIS.
2591
Itemized elaicment of cxpctiHeay etc, — Continued.
Dsto.
^0. of
Toucfaer.
1880.
Oct 31
21
31
22
31
Z\
31
24
31
25
31
28
31
27
31
28
81
29
31
30
31
81
31
32
31
33
31
34
31
35
31
36
31
37
31
88
31
39
31
40
31
41
Kov. 4
42
4
43
6
44
8
45
8
46
12
47
15
48
15
49
15
50
15
51
18
52
19
53
21
54
29
55
29
56
29
57
29
58
29
59
29
60
29
61
29
62
29
C3
29
64
29
65
29
66
29
67
29
68
29
09
29
70
29
71
30
72
30
73
30
74
30
75
30
78
30
77
30
78
30
79
30
80
30
81
30
82
30
83
30
84
30
85
Deo. 2
« 86
4
87
8
88
8
89
13
90
18
91
19
92
22
93
24
94
29
95 ,
29
96 '
29
87 ,
29
98
29
89
18
m
To wlioiii paM.
Fur what i>ftid.
17 I
Conlco Lniubor Cuiiipmy • LuiniM>r ,
J. A. Barnes ! ■ Stool, clr ,
Niols JuliiiBOn ' ( )il, «!<;
11. S. S:ukot : UoiK", oto
Cliarloa S. Morris ' Coal
Prkst »fe (Jarrow ; Wood
Oliver l)oiu])soy ! Ho])ositiu;;; «lr«-«lnod niatrrial.
MoKenzio &, Cruwlonl ! WcmhI, oto
C. A. Fuller ! S*irv ioort
Andrew O'Coniioll ' — do
Joliii M. Paiec do
John A. Baukcr do
Alexander Sims do
John Boeioii do ,
George (iilFord do
Gabriel Wick do
Gottlieb Jabnke d«i
Jorry Parkinson do
John Lewis ". . .1 do
Kicbard E. Rice " do
James Clear ., do
Samuel Whitney j Trav«-linoj ox)>oumoh...
Hired men ' Sorvicos Oct<il)or, I8D0
George S. Bartlott \ (Jcmeut
James Mackin , Sorviros
John Thalhofer do
Chio4igo, Milwauki'o and Si. Paul ' Valve, oto
Railway Couipauy.
J.L.Evans
Orvillo Beach
Ryan Brothers
Priest & Garrow
Hatch & Keith
Hired men I Services
— do ' do —
Eugene Smith & Co (Joal
William Mouleinaus Kim logs.
Ramsay & Jones Lumber .
S<T\ioo.s -•-
Kt-nt of laud
Hauliug out tlrodgo
( )ak pilo8, etc ".
Tiuibor
Schlafer, Barrett Sc To.sch Si)iko.s, etc
John Schlosser \ Coal stove, otc.
Appleton Machine Compauy Iron rod.s, otc.
Doman & Manuel ' Irou, ot*-
K. M. Untchinsou j Ca-st .stoel, otc
Conlee Lumber Compauy liuujljor
McKenzie & Crawfcu'il '' ('oal
H. S. Sackct ( )il, etc
Niels Johnson Stool casliuus, etc
John W.Slator Oil, etc
Charles S. Morris (>)al
Priest & Garrow ^ Woo<l
J. H. Daly Iron. pij>e, etc
John J. Jolni.son "NVcmxI
C. A. Fullrr Servicoa
Andrew O'Connell I <lo
George T. AUauson ' tlo
John M. Paigo do
John Baetou do
George GilVord do
Gabnel W i o k do
Gottlieb Jaliuko i do
Jerry Parkiusoii do
John Lewis ' do
Richard E. Iwioo do
James Clear ' do
John A. Banker do
Alexander Sims do
E. O. Hotl'man Tra vi'ling oxi)onaos
Hired men Sorvi<;os, November, 1«9l).
John McCormuoU S<!rvicc9
Angust Thielo do
Hired men do
C. A. Fuller do
A. Ross Houston Traveling exponsoa
Excelsior Iron Work.s Iron ma.st, etc
E. D. Hav»'n Pai>er
Rather & Scliaoubhi Iron, etc
Ruol Bros A\'o»)d
Schlafer, Barrett & To.soh Bolting
Gorry Lumber Co ^ Lumber
F. IL Blood Coal, ot<j
B.T.GUmoro | RontofoOico
Amoiuit.
$250. 34
'.iVl. 53
lil. 2:j
22. 25
118.50
224.75
18.21
154. 10
200.00
10.00
35.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
80.00
3«). (K)
30. 00
30.00
30. (H)
35.00
13.75
3, 124. 20
4.'i. 68
L'4. 7.'»
0.60
9.53
Ou.OO
•_>.'>. (M)
L'OO. 00
1,165.03
343. 9L
144.48
414. 40
(). .'»0
27.00
3.06
10.44
43.55
526, 72
4.64
8. 53
10.00
41.66
8.10
30. 54
47.67
51.75
66.70
22.36
40.60
200.00
10.00
30.00
30.00
25. 00
25. 00
25. 00
25.00
25. (K)
25.00
25.00
30. 00
25.00
25. 00
2. 92
2, 093! 30
3.00
10.50
88.50
1U6. 66
1L40
3, 240. 00
L88
17.07
25.00
4.80
14.30
17.00
25.00
2592 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
Itemized statement of expenses, etc. — Continaed. ■
Bate.
189U.
l>oc. 29
29
29
29
29
29
29
80
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
1891.
Jau. 2
2
5
Feb.
No. of
voucher.
101
ll>2
103
104
105
106
107
108
H-9
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
2
3
5
4
6
5
6
6
16
7
22
8
28
9
31
10
31
11
31
12
31
13
31
14
31
15
31
16
31
17
31
18
31
19
31
20
31
21
31
•>•)
*•*#
31
23
31
24
:u
2o
31
26
31
27
31
28
:!1
20
31
:{()
31
31
::i
32
31
.'{3
> 'J
34
•)
35
3
:;6
4
37
4
\'.H
5
3«»
1>
41)
10
41
20
42
2r,
43
26
41
2«
45
'JS
46
*JS
47
•JS
4S
•js
40
2<
5()
'Ji^
51
•»s
52
•js
5:;
L'S
51
•J«
55
L'S
56
VW
67
To whom paid.
For what paid.
A. L. Smith Hire of house
Appleton Machine Co Inm, etc
A . Sanford Lo^^iig Tool ( 'o j Pravy liandlcs, etc
K. M. llutchinsou St<>vc pii>e, etc
J. E. \V>Ub&Co I Oil. ot4:
John CuHhing Dt-positing dredgod iuut4*rial
E. B. Maltbey Wooil
Des For^tift & Co I Stationery
Wisc^n»in Telephone Co ' l{«'nt of tolephone, etc
Samuel Whitney j S<^rviot\s
GtMJrge T. Allanson ! do
John M. raijje '' do
John A. Uanker do
Alexander Sims ! do
John. Baoten " do
George (TitVord do
(iabriel Wiok '....do
Gottlieb Jahuke «lo
Jerry Park iiuson do
John Lrwin ' do
Kichard E. Rice do
Jiimcs Clear <lo
AmonntL
Elwin IJauter Traveling expenses '
Samuel Whitney do
Hired men .* I Service's*. lUicemlicr, 1890 ■
J<din James ' ServiocM i
William iMTgnssoii ' <lf>
William E;;an ' . do ,
UinMl nirn do
Ma^i. CharleH E. L. 15. Unvis Mih-jijie
IIire<l mfn '. St*rviri»H
Samuel Whitney I do ;
(Jeorge T. .MhiUHim do j
John M. Paiijo <lo >
John A. P.nnkt'r do
Alexan<IerSim8 «1«» I
John Jiactrn ' . . . .do ■
Georgo GiHoitl do
Gabrii'l Wick I do I
(iottlicb Jahnkf ! do I
Jerry Parkinson do j
John Lewis do j
Uirhnnl E.J:iro '....do I
iramoH (.'h'lir do '
Hans iliU'olison Tam;;r:ick knees !
liUi'l r.ros I AVooil '
S.S.Clark rhiy
.Mtrt'd ( lalpin's Sons i I'.oiit >j>ikc-s
.\j)I»h'ton Ma(-liiiii'( o * IriiTirn<l«<. <t<-
Kaiiisay \ .lories LumlMT
Tlie Co«»k iV r.n»\vii l.iiin- < 'o Coal
K. M. Hiiteliins<»n Iron, rtc
S. M.IIay A r.toM do
Hu^li Me( low an Labor
(ilmwufMl Mann fart iiriim Co Lniiibcr
West* rn Linn* and ( "enu iit (-o | Cement
William Wi«k Labor, ♦if
Klwin Haiitrr '1 raxiliii:: rxiM-n.-rs
Ilirrd ni»'n .<« rviii'>..Iannarv. IS!»1
(>sniH)«l I >ndi;«' Ci» Fi'eiiiliT eliargrs
Mtikb jnliii A IIatt«'ii Liiiiibti-
Orvillr I>»a«li ■ K'nit ct' land
Sw.iin \- Tat*' li«-|M»r1s. <'t«-
'riirofluTe l)asliiii'i' >4iviiTS
Cliarb-H H. Welih | Pajui-.d.-
llin-d men ' Sn \ irt>
Saininl Whitney ilo
( ;iM)r;;i* 'I'. Allaiisoi! ■ . . .d«»
.Inliu M. I'ai;:*' d«
Jolin A. lianktr d«i
.Mfxaiulrr Sims do
.Iidin liaet4'ii tbi
(Ji'org*! Gitibi'd do
Gabri«'l Wiek ' i|..
Cniitlicb .rnliiikc ijo
.Terry Parkinson i]„
,I^dlnLe^vi^. «lu
Kii'hard K. Kin- • ' ,lo
James ("lear j....d«»
$4!^M
72.89
S.50
10.25
0.37
59.10
87.00
21.05
15.85
73.88
30.00
30.00
35.00
35.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25. UO
25.00
30.00
3.87
20.14
l,773..'i6
ll.<->6
9. i>2
38. 25
13.50
24. 40
376. 2:*
2(»0.00
:u).oo
30. 00
3,'».00
X"i. 00
2.'». 00
2.'>. 00
2."». 00
25.00
25. 00
25. 00
25. 00
30.00
318. on
25. mi
27. 20
25. W
49.47
21»2. (Mi
t'l. «H»
2»H. «1*
5. 25
1,104.74
26. iV\
52. 50
:i. 17
l.SL'1.76
i:.o. o:i
1.8»51..'w<
l'.'). ••'»
IJ. .'»o
3. 75
17. «•>.'.
211.22
1»«M». on
:m». (M>
:«». 00
:\\ iHi
3.V w
2.'». o«^
2.'». i"H»
25. 00
L'5. o«>
■_'.'►. oO
•J5. 0<»
25. «K»
30.0«»
APPENDIX LL
■REPORT OF UAJOB DAVIS.
0/ «ztMMM, «te.— Coutmued.
VUe.
^NjKOf..
Towhompfttd.
foivhatpftld.
Amoam.
,.T-,
M
m
IS
63
M
«e
es
SB
n
1
76
TR
SO
82
83
ee
88
88
93
te
K
M
87
88
I
b
8
11
13
IB
20
18
3a
at
1
28
at
31
Si
83
3S
*8
r™boll«.eto
JJIL^S,'-''"""'
^.1
SS£'" -■■■■■■■■■;■
iiS^TB
1
901. «
s
Wentern Limn tCeiiH-i, 1,1 :.i
Travolinic 6i[n>iisr«,
,;i!:!!
issfiu^"^ ■
11
TSS.KI
A. L. Smith
N
ThsMoraiin C« ... ....
aSlg— :::::::::
$«&!'-■■-■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■:■
Jmtv r«rliln»or
Bkmuel Wl>l11>e^ . . ..
WMlerrl.imx JLuili-, 111. lit i:..
^fMM.C™'.'..""'.''.'.". -'-
JosBph Bkier. : ^
lis.ni
ApHlJ
11
niiuo
i:, Till. (IS
^7
,...<lo
1!uk»f<.riiavi|;iili"ii
loa-W
SoBlBnM
L.Undw«-
Conl««Lu]nlii<rl'i>
SEtte™*-':''""'^"^''.;.;
Q«i™ F. Bln>inl infiiti-
S
(■™n.nl,W,-^
i-M
rn;:'r,;';:,^"':'::';;,,. :::.:;:::;
3.1»
25.0(1
fST-**'"::;:;:;;;.::
;;■;:;■:■ "''::::EE^:
•.■ai.zn
S, 433. 47
2^}^G v.vvonT OF Tin: cmv.v of fngineers, U. 8. army.
Dredf^o No. 3 compLott'il the sfi oiiil cut iK-twcon the lioad of the cmial and the lock
at M<'ii:islia. n'liiovinjj ;l.610 cubic yards of hard-pan and ^avel, all of which wi»pe
put in dump m-ows. towod to the Ml sitlo of the rock-t-ut, and dnuipod. July 1*5.
1SJ.K), th»^ (lri'<l;;«* and scows were towed to Orijrnon Ka]thl!%, abtivi* the upper d:iin at
Ai>pleton. 1-ooso nxk and ntlirr ohstmctionts wore reuiwved from the channel just
above the Milwaukee and Nortbcrii liailway Hriilpje, and on the 2^th of July the
dredge went to the Mcuasha i;i\cr and w(uk«'d until Au;;nst 1. takin*; out 2t*5 rnbii'
yards of uravel and .stitue. She was then towed ttt A])ph ton to assiKt in buildings
i'dtfcrdani across the canal abuvc tlie fourth lock. The oodrrtlam was completed on
tlic 7th of Aujrust. and rn»ni thai time until the Itith of the month the dn'dj»e wa*
cm]doycd in lUoduin;:: the eli:niuel below Ap]deton third lock, removing thert*from a
]>art of an old cotl'enlani anil l.llort cubic yards of stoue and mud. The rt*]iain uf
the fourth loek bavin*;: been eonipleied and the cotl'enlani removed, the dnnlge r**-
turneil to Menasha Kivcr Oil the iMith ot 'An«4;nst and worked until the end of tlu>
montli. l:'kin«r out lAiOi) cubic yards of stone and ;j:ravel. eoui]detin^ the work of
cleanini;: the channel. The dnMlire jind scows were towi-d to Neenah Kivor Anpiist
31. On November 4 the pint wa> towed to the river outlet of Appleton fourth h»ck.
The ilredjre removed }.\'*o eubie yards «»f st<>Jie and <rravol. wliioh wore put in dump
eidws, towed to deep \\at«-r in the river, and ilum])ed. The work <»f cleaniuiJ tin*
channel was c<»mplcted and dred«;in«; suspended i'ov the season on November 13. }!*^^K
and the dredsj:*? towed to Apph-tou lirst lock, to assist in buildiuj; cotferdaiDM abovf
and bch>w the lock
There were imrehased ami c.\pend*'d —
I'or drtilor yo. ..'. 31 cords of wooil. t» irallons lard oil. 2 gallons kpr«»sene oil, :uiJ
'2An feet r». M. oak lumber.
lor (Inihjr So. ..'. ^^^^ cords of wood. \V2 pounds of .steel, X* jiounds Norway ir«»n, oi«'
]>ounds wrouiibt iron. LMiii ]Miniid> iron castiu!;<. II? pounds hexa«;on uu Is. Ti poninl:*
nails. 10 ^^.tllons ki-msenenil. rnnl lilO poun<ls ldack'*niith «'i>al.
I'nr simni latnuh Htumil Mtntti^Ct ^:illons lard oil. :> ^aHous kerosencM»il, anil li
tons of anthracjie eortl.
Fnr litttun tHif Jhhiirrn, I .■"crecu d«>ors. W'A poumls steel. l> i>ounds wrought iron. 8
pounds spikes. 1 U ]ionnds nsisorted ]>acking. ami 11 tiuis bituminous cual.
iu:i:i»iitNH; t rrii: vox hivkr.
Drcdjre No. r> continued the \^<lrk of m.'ikiug a l-foot channel hetwoon FortAVin-
ncbai^o and (•overnor I'einl i.oeks. l-'roin a point about half a mile below the lirsi*
mentioned loi'k. a vn\ 11.171 fiei in b'njrtli. liO teet in width, and an average depth
of i; feet was male. ir».;ir)S enbji- variU of saml were removed and banked at the sidi-
«if tin- vi\ev. (Ml the :n\ of I )ec«inb(»r, ISiU). the dredging of the channel liaving bin-n
completed iowitliln I mile of (Mivcnif»r licnd Lock, the dredge moved down to u
bar Jn>i below ihi bn k and luck out r»0(^ cubic yards of sand, which work haviii*:
been liniNlied on ilie ."lib ot' I>ei miber dredging for the season Wii8 Ru^pended and tlu'
dn'ijge Inid up ai 1m>\ivu«h Heiid Loek.
.M:jy '». ISIM. the n-p.jjis of the tlrcdge having been completed, dredging was rr-
Numed :it I lie bar l>eh»w (loveriior Ibnd lock, where a cut 150 feet in length, 45 feet
in width, and \.'i tret in de]ith w:i» made, from which 375 cubic yards ui sand wen*
renH)\ed and banki-d :ii the >ide of the river. The dredge then dropped down to ii
bar iMX) frei bibtw I lie Inek and made one cut through the bar, removing and bank-
ini; t^^: eubie vnnN nf material : froni the next bar. a distance of 600 feet farther
ilown^iieani. lUl enbji- \ .jiiN 4»f s.iud were dredgi?il and banked. The dredge ii an
then towiil l»v >ieanier /.*.»>. ii/>* / to a barr)(.K» feel bch)W ^[ontello Lock, where a cut
l'7."» feel in 1< imrh. l') Ut-i in width, ami L* feet in de]»t.h wa*» made; 916 cubic y aril*
of sand Well- laUi-n cui and banked at the side of the river. On the 10th of May
Tin* steanii r />'"s< i>/«f / i>i\\ed the dredge tn :i puint oiur-fourth of a mile l>elow Graiui
liiver Lock, and iMi tin- followini: day the work of dredging a 6-foot channel throngh
the bar at that plaee wa> eoininenee<l. .V eni 1,012 feet in length, 60 feet in width.^
:inil an averairc depth of about 1 feet, was mailc. from which 8,219 cnbic yards of
sand were venmved and banked at the >ide of the river. The dredge then drop]HMi
ilown to W iN.ins Uar and tnnk <iut and b:niked 7?<1 cubic yards of material.)
Hp'iIm,. n.i. 7 inniph-ti il the dred^iing of a channel between Berlin Lock And Ber-
lin early in .liil\. ainl wa»« enijdoyed t he reiuainib-r id' the season in the removal of
bar** bfiwiin ]'»iiliii n'.\\\ <»niio. I'rom the ihannel between Berlin Loek and Berlin
l.:».'i7 « iibie yaid> nf s.jinl and uiavel were reumved. <»f which 74S cubic yards wen*
rehaiulled. Jiml fr.-ni the bars between Ih-rlin and Ouiro there were ri»moved ami
hanked r.^.s;;;! , i,i,j,. \;ii,i. ,,i r]:i\ ami .saml. lu oribr to place the dredged material
:it a ^al'e di-i;iiMr tiiMi! ihrehariiM'l JiJ.'.MT* eubic \ar«ls were rehandlinL' The tofcd
length oi I'Mt ni;i-ie w ;.•< •J»m»iil' trci. I>redi;ing was •iusin'nded November 13 and tlf
dred;;e towed to Lini-ka Loek and laid up tor the season. The dredge was put in
cummissiDu May t>, 1M>1, and emph»yed until the llth of tho mouth in cleaning the
APPENDIX MM.
IMPROVEMENT OF CHICAGO AND CALUMKT lfAKlK)KS, ILLINOIS; OP
CALUMET RIVER, ILLINOIS AND INDIANA; AND OF ILLINOIS RIVER,
ILLINOIS; ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPI'I CANAL.
REVOBT OF CAPTAIX Jr. L. MARSH ALL^ CORPS OF KMi ISEKRS. OFFICER
IX CHARGE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR EXDIXO JUXE 30, ISOl, WITH
OTHER DOCVMEXTS RELATIX(^ TO THE WORKS.
I3IPROVEMENTS.
1. Chicago HnrhoT, IllinoiH.
2. Calumet Harbor^ Illinois.
3. Calumet Rivor, Illinois and Indiana.
4. Illinoit) RiveF; IlliuoiH.
5. 0])t'ratin«jf anil ran' of La Grunge
Lock, on Illinois Hiver, Illinois.
6. Illinois and Mississii>|ii C'anal.
EXAMrtSfATION AND SURVEY.
7. Illinois River, Illinois, from La Sallo to the Mississippi River, as roconmiended by
Capt. W. L. Marshall. Corj)s of Engineers, in Ins ir|)ort datcil March 10, 1890,
with a view to sisccrtaininjf what lauds would bcj subjcrt to ov<'rnow l»,v the
constructitm of a navigable waterway between Lake Mi<liigan and the Missis-
sippi River.
HARBOR LINES.
8. Establishment of harbor lines in Chicago Ilarlnir, Illinois.
United States KnctIneer Office,
Ch'uHKjo, 111, Jul}/ 10, ISfn.
General: I have the lienor t^) traiismit herewith annual rej)orts
upon the works in my charge for the liscal yt^ar einling June ;iO, 1891,
# • * * « * #
Very rt^speettully? yoni* obedient servant,
^y, L. Makshall,
Captain J Uor^hs of EntjinrMrs.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Ungin^rs, U. S. A.
2595
2596 REPORT OF TUE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY-
M M I.
IMPROVEMENT OF CHICAGO HARBOR, ILLINOIS.
The present project was adopted in 1870 and modified in 1878, and
contemplates —
{a) The formation of an outer harbor or basin by inclosing a portion
of Lake Michigan just south of and adjoining the entrance to the river,
for the purpose of increasing the harbor fjwjilities of Chicago, and to give
relief to the overcrowded river.
(b) The construction of an exterior breakwater of crib work filled with
st(me outside the outer harbor and north of the entrance to Cliicago
liiver, in deep water, to shelter the entrance to Chicago River (which
constitutes the harbor of Chicago), and to the outer harbor from north-
erly storms, and to form a sheltered area or harbor of refuge at the
southern end of Lake Michigan.
In addition to this project the entrance to Chicago Eiver, which is
protected by piers built by the United States, is to bemaintaineil, both
piers and channel.
CONDITION <.)F THE WORK JUNE 30, 1891.
Outer basin. — This basin, lying south and east of the present mouth
of Chicago River, covers about 455 acres in area. A dock and wharf
line was established by Special Order, Corps of Engineers, No. 108,
August 3, 1871, at about 1,300 feet east of the shore line and parallel to
and about 2,000 feet west of the breakwater that limits the basin to the
eastward. This dock line extended from the mouth of Chicago River,
south pier, to a point opposite Van Buren street. On September 15,
181K), a Board of Engineers was constituted by Si)ecial Order, No. 01,
1 leadquarters Coq)s of Engineers, Washii^toii, I). C, September 11,
181H), to consider the question of harbor lines undei* the river and harbor
act of August 11, 1888, and in accordance with the n'conimendations
of this Board, a]>i)n)vc(l by the Sccnit:iry of War S(^i)tember 22, ISIM),*
i]w existing;' liarbor line was extended throughout the harbor southward
to its sontlicrn limit.
I>('t\v(M'ii the (lock line and breakwater an area of -70 acre.s is included,
which the ori<iinal ])roJt»ct cont(Mni)latc(l drtMl«iin^' to KJ t'cct in (lci>tli
where deficient. Tiie an^a between dock line and slnnc* is reserved toi*
sli])s and docks. Two hundred and sixtv-seven tlionsand cubic vaids of
material are yet tobedrefl^rc^d from the onter basin beyond thed<K'k line,
but as the area already dredjj^ed is sntlicient foi' ]>n*sent needs, and the
nniterial is necessarv forllieconstrnction of anv docks and wluirvesinthis
basin, no farther dre<l<;'in«i" is desiiable nntil such use becomes ai)i)ar<*nt.
'J'he piers inclosing this basin have been <'omi>leted for years, and
now the only expenditnres inquired are for maint(Mmnce.
The ])nrposes of this onter harbor have never been realized, dn<» to
the litigation attending the determination of the (piestion of ri|)arian
ownershi]) and lights. Xo wharves and (hxks have been <'onstrnct(^d,
exce[>t by the Illinois ("Central Railroad, north of Randolph street, ami
the ])r(^akwaters serve only tin* j)nrpose of prot<M'ting this cori)orate
property, and all'ording to the i)eo|>le of Chicago a. inotected and ^afe
basin for ])l(»asure craft. Since the <'onstruction of the exterior bicak
water it has no valne as a harbor of refnge.
This basin will i)robal)ly never subserv(» its intended jairpoM', and all
APPENDIX MM ^REPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2597
«
expenditures for main tiiining the breakwaters and piers should be re
duced to a minimum and be carefully considered. At most, temporary
work of timber and rubblestone should be employed until its final dis-
XK)sition is determined.
During the past fiscal year it has been in question to use, by filling
in, part of this basin as a site for part of the World's Columbian Expo-
sition, finally for a park for the people of Chicago, forever. This use as
far as the exposition is concerned is abandoned. Its use otherwise will
probably depend upon the decision in the pendi\|g case before the United
States Supreme Court upon the question of ownership of riparian rights
and submerged lands. The lf)gic of the i)resent tendency of uses of
Chicago proi)erty points to the conclusion that this outer basin will
never be used for wharves and docks, or public commercial imrposes.
It may be filled as a. park, or i)reserved as a pleasure basin; otherwise
it may fall into the hands of a cori)oration.
l^he superstructure over all ot the piers of the outer harbor at the be-
ginning of the fiscal year was in more or less rotten condition, and in
view of the preceding facts, although a permanent superstructure had
been designed for them, it wa« judged best still further to temporize.
Consequently, soon after the passage of the river and harbor act of Sep-
tember 19, 1890, it was recoiiimended to the Chief of Engineers that the
superstructure of this pier, from the light-house at the southerly en-
trance around the return to the north entrance to the basin, as well as
the north i)ier, 1,000 feet in length, or in all, including the north pier,
t5,243 feet in length, be rebuilt of timber crib work liUed with stone,
imder the belief tliat by the end of the life of this construction all legal
questions will have been disposed of and the future use of this basin
and public works connected therewith will have been determined.
The project wai^^ approved and the work advertised, and proposals
opened DecemUer 13, 1890, an abstract of which proposals as received
is appended.
With the approval of the Chief of Engineers, contract was entered
into January 5, 1891, with the Kimbell & Cobb Stone Company of Chi-
cago, the lowest responsible bidders, for the rebuilding of 5,243 feet of
Kuperstructure, with pile protection, and repairs of superstructure, of
easterly breakwater, outer basin, and north pier entrance ta Chicago
River, in accordance with the terms of their bid.
AVork under the (jontract w^as begun May 9, 1891, on the easterly
breakwater, and very vigorously prosecuted by the contractors, and by
the close of the fiscal year, June 30, 1891, they had placed and framed
into the work 749,240 feet B, M., of pine timber, and 70,573 pounds of
wrought iron driftbolts. In addition a portion of the decking has been
placed but not yet measured or estimated. At the close of the year
about 1,700 linear feet of the timber superstructure over the easterly
breakwater have been completed except decking and stone filling.
Exterior hrealacater. — The Avork is situated one mile northeast of the
mouth of Chicago River, the entrance to which it covers from northerly
storms. It is 5,413 feet in length, and is completed.
During the past fiscal year a portion of this breakwater has been
decked over to protect the stone filling from washouts by storms, by
seeming in place, over the superstructure and stone filling, about
973.572 feet B. M. timber, by means of 71,471 pounds of wrought iron
drirtbolts, of wliich all of the timber and 05,087 pounds of the driftbolts
was material on hand at the beginning of the fiscal year.
Part of this breakwater had previously been decked over with three
inch plank, but the greater part of it had been open to the fury of Lake
2590 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF EXGIXEEBS, U. S- ARMY.
Itvmized statement of ex}}tni<e», etc, — Coiitiuuod.
Date.
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•2r)I)2 KEPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF EXGINEEK8, U- 8. ASMT.
Htmhcd Htatnnent of cxjH-ttife^r etc, — Coutmued.
Pati'.
vtuii'luT. ;
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.
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A . L. Smith JTln? of house
A pph'toii Maohiiio Co I mn. etc
A . SjiiilMnl Lojriiiiiif T«K»l ( 'i» IN'avv h.-indh^fl. etc
K. M. HutrhiuMin. Slovi" i»jik\ et*>
,1. K. VVolls A- To on. Hi-
John Ciishinu l^i-ixKiiinii: ilitHl;;rd material
K. H. MaltlHV WiHMl
lU's l-'orijf*; A- Co Stati«»nfry
AVisoiinNin T»'li'|»hon«' Cd livnt of tol«*|ihnne. etc
•Samm-l WJiiiiiry S'rvici'j»
(ifiiri:i' T. Allaiisitn «hi
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•lohn A. r>:iiiixi-r «li»
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2r>94 KKPOKT OF THE CHIEF OF EXGINEEKS, U. S. ARMY.
Itemized stnteincHt of exptUMut, <7o.— Contiuui'd.
l>ato.
Xo. of I
VulIrlliT. ':
To whom ]i;ud.
For what paid.
18!»1.
Miiy 4
7
U
U
11
11
;a
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
31
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31 [
31 I
31 .
31
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31
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llirwl nu»n S»tvuvi», Aiiiil, liJlM .
( ^I•^-ille IVaoh i:« nl of hintl
^^'. H. Crawftnil IMjh- and litt ingi*. i-u-
I>tim.in A: Mauiifl < ':i!*t inu*. rtc
Kxcolsior Inm Works Mast, vtc ,
Thos. Jackrion Si-n-w IkJIs, etc
II. ColU'tto humber
•Inn. Jausen do
I M-rrv LiiinlM>r < 'oiii]iuny do
ApitlftiiD Machiiu- < "om'paijy Inm oastingH, etc
M. V. Mi»n'hoiii*i' ll4iilor coTi'ring
A.Sjinfonl Mann l;n luring Company. .*<tiM'l
Anpist S'hroethr "-. liim of Jai'kacTvws
Harninh A; Wi'8l)ihal Salt
C'nnU'o LumlRT riim]Kniv Lumber
I). P. S;inlord ! nil
(t<Hi. F. Sf nuid e>iat I' i taknin, etc
(iillintiham *v S«iu Soww bulta, etc
K. M. Ilnt4-hinstin Tin roofing, etc "
Tht' MiU'iran CtMupiMiy I.umbt'r
"\V..l.Mil-aiiphIin . . .' Iron, i-tc
Nih'rt Johnson Packing;, etc
('. A. Pii'k siiM'l. etc :
('has. S. Morm ('«>ji1
Priist A- liarrow WtH»<l
Pn'niioi- A: Mohr l.nnilHT
.Tiivs 1 iros. A- t'o * N'tfon waste
{ i.l.. P.H'kanl MarhiniTy t'lmipany . . Ti»oI uteol
A. Ko^.•* IlDiisttoii ' 1 . . . SJTvifea
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(iahriii Wh k lUt ;
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APPEXDIX MM REPORT OF CAPl'AIN MARSITATJ..
2601
The work paid for contained the following auiountH of material8, viz^ 4B1,ar>)S feet,
B. M., of pine timber and 44,818 pounds of wroiight-iron drift boltH, making a total
of work nnder this contract during the fiscal year of 749^240 feet, B. M., of pine timber
and 70,513 pounds of wrought-iron drift bolts.
A portion of the decking has been pnt down, but is not included in the above
litres, not being as yet in condition to be accepted.
With the exception of the decking the portion of the breakwater north ofJ;he con-
crete work — ^not including the return, however — ^is now very nearly (completed. The
work of taking up the old superstructure has also been eommencod 800 feet south of
the concrete work and at the west end of the north pier, and some now timber hun
been put down in the former place.
At the close of the year not Ioar than 1,700 linear feet of the work had been cotii-
pleted, with the exception of the decking.
There has never been any safe place in this harbor for keeping the United States
steam tng and steam launch, and these boat>8 have sutfered much th(>reby.
A boat house has therefore been built, as a shelter for the steam launch, at the foot
of Randolph street, the more needed now, after the launch has been thoroughly over-
hauled and pnt in good repair.
It is proposed, during the ensuing year, to continue the work of building super-
structure over the remaining portion of the easterly breakwat<^r and over the north
pier, and also to build the pile protections at the east end of the north pier, at the
north end of the easterly breakwater, and at the west end of the ''return,'" and to
repair the damages by collisions at the first and last mentioned of these places, all
in accordance with existing c(mtract.
CONDITION OF THE WORK8.
The exterior and southerly breakwaters are in good condition, and the easterly
breakwater and the north x)ier will be likewise as soon as the work now in progress
is completed; and if the present energetic prosecution of the work is maintained
there is. little doubt but that the contract will be fulfilled within the specified time.
The south pier is in a dilapidated condition, and should it have to be used by the
United States Government to any considerable extent, which, however, is not likely
to be the case, then it should be given a new superstructure; otherwise this is not
of any material importance.
The channel at the entrance to the river is in good condition.
A tracing, showing the work done during the nscal year, is respectfully submitted
herewith.
I am, captain, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
G. A. M. LlL-TENCRANTZ,
Assistant Engineer,
Capt. W. L. Marsiiali,.
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
COMMKIICIAL STATISTICS.
The nearest collection district is Chicago, HI.
The nearest port of entry is Chicago, 111. Amount of revenue collected at the
nearest port of entry during the last fiscal year, ^,794,515.51.
Arrivals and clearances of vessels during the calendar year 1890, port of Chicago.
DeHcriptJon.
Arrived.
Cleared.
Stoam
No.
4,074
Tons.
3, 280, 044
No.
4,993
4,291
Tont.
3, 340, 795
8ail
4,214
1.0(U.4.'V»
1, 088. 799
1
Tutfll
9,188
4, 344, 502
9,284
4,429,594
No new lines of tranHpoitalion wt've established during the fiscal year.
It is impracticable to re])ort X\w actual draft of vessels entering this harbor, but it
may be stated as not exceeding 10 feet, which is the depth of water in the channel,
ana vessels drawing less than that can enter the harbor without diniculty.
2b\)ii KEPOKT OF TliK ClllKF OF KNOINKEKS, V. S. AKMY.
M M I.
IMPIJOVEMENT OF CHICAGO HAKROK, ILLIXOIS.
T1h» present project was luloptecl in 1871) and uioililieil in 187S, and
contemplates —
(a) The formation of an outer harbor or basin by inchi.sinj; a portion
of Lake Micliigan Just south of and adjoinin*;: the entrance to the river,
for the purpose of increasing the harbor facilities of ( -hicajfo. and to jri ve
relief to the overcr<»wded river.
ih) The construction of an exterior breakwater of crib work tilled with
stone outside tlu* (uiter harbor and north of the entrance to Chica«ro
Ifiver. in decj» water, to shi*lter the entrance to Ohicago River ^ which
<'onstitutes the harbor of Chicago), and to the outer harltor from north-
erly storms, antl to form a sheltere<l area or harbor of refuge at the
southern en<l of Lake ^lichigan.
In addition to this project the entrance to Chicago Kiver. which is
]»rt»lecttMl by i>iers built by the United States, is to bemaiutaiueiU both
])iers and channel.
<'0M)1TI()X OF TlIK WORK JX'NK 30, 1891.
nittcr husiu. — This basin, lying south and east of the present mouth
of Cliii ago liiver. covers about 455 acres in area. A doek and wharf
lint" was established by Special Order, Corps of Engineers, No. lOS,
August .'>, 1S71. at about 1,;>(H) feet east of the shore line and panillel to
anil about lMKK> feet wcsl of the breakwater that limits the basin to the
eastward. This <lock line extended from the mouth of C!iieago Kiver,
M»utli pier, to a ])oint o[)posite Van Buren street. On September 15,
lS!»o, a r>o;n'd <»f Engineers was constituted by Si>ecial Order, No. 01,
lh';HUiu;uH'rs Corj)s of Kngiiu'crs. AVashiiyrton. 1>. C. September 11.
isiu». to consider theijuestion i>f luirbor lines under the river and harlH>r
ait <»f Angus! 1 1. ISSS, and in accordance with the reconnncndations
of this lioavd. ai)proveil by thr Secrrtary of AVar Scpteniber:f2. IstH).*
tlic t'\istin.uliarl)or line ^^ as extended tliroughout the harbor southward
to its sonthern limit.
r>et wi'en the doek line ami breakwater an area of 270 acres is indudiHl,
whieii the original i>roJect cont<*mplated dredging to Iti feet in depth
when* delirient. The area between tloek line and shore is reservinl for
>li])s and (h>rks. Two huinlred an<l si\ty-sevc»n thou.sand cubic yards i>f
niaterial are yet to be dredged iVom tlu' onter basin beyoiul the dm'k hue,
but as the www already dreilged is sutVicient for present niH^ds, and the
niaierial i> nerr^sarx tbrtlieroUNti lu-tion of any docks and wharves in this
basin, no iinilier di'cdging is desirable until such use becomes ajipareiit.
The jiirrs inelosing this basin havt' been eonipleted for years, and
now the only e.\]»enilitures requii'cil are Ibr maintetuince.
The pnr|)o<e> of this outer harbor have never been realized, due to
the litigation nt tending tlu» iletcrminatiiMi of the question of ripiuiaii
o\vner>iii]i and rights. No wharves ami doeks have been construetetl,
e\('('pt by I lie Illinois Central liai1roa<l. m»rth of Itandolph sti*et?t, and
the bn'akwaters serve only the purpose <»f protecting this corix>ratr
pn»j>eriy, ;uid atVording to the people of T'hicago a iH'otected and sale
b;ivin foi- ])liMsure emit. Sinee the <-on>tructh)n of the exterior break-
water if liji^ no valne as a harbor of n*fuge.
'i'his b;isiii will pii.lialils neviT subserve its intended purpo.ve. and all
ft« •■ A]»|»rlii||\ M .M 5,
•
APPENDIX MM REPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2603
two-thirds the estimated cost, will allow a wide clianiiel, 1 C feet in depth
at low water throughout this harluir, to be secured, (connecting with the
improved river channel, and leave this inii)ortant harbor in far better
condition than heretofore.
In addition, too, totlie ITnitedStat^sdredgingjthe Illinois Steel Com-
pany are continuing the dredging to the depth of 20 feet below United
States harbor d«atum tvs far as to their slip, for the accx)mmodation of the
heavy ore-carrying vessels that supply their extensive works. In view
of this work by this corx)oration there will i)robably be no demand for a
deeiKjr channel. This dredging should not have hmm necessary for
private parties at their own expense.
The importance of the harbor is rapidly increasing as a consequence
of the dredguig of the Calumet Eiver by the United States to a depth of
16 feet and a width of 2(K) feet now in progress, which makes desirable
as manufacturing property much of the adjacent land heretofore denied
water transportation in large craft.
Manufacturing establishments of magnitude are seeking this region,
and the wonderful growth of Chicago and vicinity will amply justify
all expenditures upon this harbor.
There are influences at work that will either diminish the uses of
Chicago Eiver and increase the demands upon the ('alumet harbor
and river, or else require the thorough enlargement and rectification
of the Chicago Eiver to accommodate the enormous commerce now de-
pendent upon the navigation of that stream. It is i)robal?le then that
the Calumet Harbor will rapidly become one of the most important upon
Lake Micliigau and should continue to receive the consideration that
its position demands.
PROPOSED APPLICATION OF FUNDS ASKED FOR, FOR THE FISCAL
YEAR ENDINO JUNPi 30, 1893.
It is proposed to apply the^se funds entirely for rebuilding and main-
tenance of the piers and revetments protecting the entrance to ( -alu-
niet Eiver.
A report herewith of Assistant Engineer G. A. M. Liljencrantz, gives
in detail the work done during the past fiscal year and the present con-
dition of this work.
Money stateivent,
July 1, 1890, balance unexpended $4, 182. 24
Amount appropriated by act approved Sei)teniber 19, ISiK) 20, 000. 00
24, 182. 24
Juno 30, 1891, amount expended duriujj fiscal year 3, 251. 70
July 1, 1891, balance unexpended 20, 9.m 54
^Jnly 1, 1891, amount covenMl by uncoinpb'ted contracts 9, 691. 20
July 1, 1891, balance available 11, 239. 34
{Amount (estimated) required for innintrnnnce 32, 000. 00
Amount tbat can be profitably expended in fiscal year end in^.FunelK), 1893 32, 000. 00
Submitted in coni])iiance witb requirements of sections 2 of river and
harbor acta of 1806 and 1867.
2r)l)S< IMiroKT or THK CfTIKr OK KN(iINKKT?.<, r. S. ARMY.
■
•
3Iiclii^im stniiiis. The ,*>-iiu-li deckiuj^r was siiiiY^slied in and the stone
wa-sluHl out by the waves. Now two-thiitls of tlie bivakwater i** eov-
ered by a dtH'kiiijj: at least 10 inches tliick, which will mueh i-edme the
aniiiiai eost of maintenance durin<i: the life of the siipi*rstruetiire.
ThisbreakwattM'aiiswers the imrpose for which it has been conAtrnctetl.
aiul its value, as forminjr a safe havbor of refuge dunng northerly st4>nns
and as an aid to navi^ration nsin<r the port of Chicago, is compelled by
all parties inten»sted in lake eomnieree.
ENTRANCE TO CniCAGO RIVER.
Xo work has been done durinji; the ^mst fiscal year, there being
throujjhout the y(»ar no dilliculty experienced by vessels due an iiisntti-
cient de]»th of channel. The entrance will require periotlic dnHl;;ing,
The last dnHl^in^r done was in October and Novembei\ 1888.
Under the <'onnact hereinbefore mentioned with Kimbell and Cobli
Stone ronii)any, Cliicaj^'o, tlic lebuihling superstruetui"e over the uortli
pier l,00n fccr in len*rtli. and the re])airs due injury by collisions with ves
sels, have been provith'd for under the ap]»ro]>riation contained in the
river and harbor act of Sei»tend)er VX lSiM>.
PKOPOSKD AlMMjr.VTioX or FINDS NOW ON HAND AND THOSE AS' "'
Fon, FOK THK FISCAL VFAK ENDINCf JUNE .'W, 1892.
The liinds now on iiand and tla)se asktni for, for the tisesd yeai* end
injr June 30. ls!)i', juv to l»e a])plicd to the completion of the work nndei
the existing contract for vebuildin^r superstructui*e over the eastcilv
breakwater an<l north ])icr. and tt» relmild snperstnieture over the sr ^■
erly breakwater, outer basin, and over a part of the s«nith pier, S4 ^..ai
1,1*00 feet in len^rth. at the mouth of tlie Chicago Kiver, just north of tlR
Illinois Central IJailroad l^ier No. 3. A Jojnt resolution was passed bv
the last ('on;ir(\ss authorizinir the temporary licensing i)f the use of this
]acr by the Secretary of War, which license would have relieveil tin
United States from the nniintenance of this pier, and allowed it« use ft»i
comm(4*cial purposes. A ;rreat local opposition wa« developed to sncli
license and it has never Im'cu issue<l. The pier is now in a condItit>ii
that requires re]>air. There is no f>ood reason why it should not be no\i
abandoned by tlic rniteil States and allowed to become a part of tin!
wharfa^^re or dorka^^^ of the (.'hica;i:o liiver under control of the ofliciah
of tlu» <'ity of i Mnca«[»o. even as the rest of the piers which by natural oi
other canses have been bnui^irht witliin the low- water shorelines of Lak<
Michi^^an.
Tin* laws of the United States are sulHcient to guard against ohstruc
tions to navijratuai by imi>ro])cr uses of such inland piers, and their fur
ther maintenance by the Ignited States is an unnecessary expense.
Money Htntvment
July 1. 18iH>. balance uin'xpoiultMl $lT.5lt5. V
Civilit nmoiiiit di'positi-d to iiiipnipriatioii Ity (^narU'niia9tcr*Al>i;partment
(t'lifl a«'(oimt > .. 2T.fi
AiiHHint a|iproj)iiat4Ml hy art ajiprovrd S-ptoinluT 19, 1890 100,000.01
117, .'i82. K
JniM? 3<\ ISOl. aiiiouut fxpcinU-d iliirin^ tisi-al y«^ar .••...... 21,589.t£
July 1, 1>>01. balain'f iini'X]>('M<l(-il 96,008.21
July 1, 1M»1. uurstaiidiii*: liabilities $1,500.00
Julv 1. lSi»l. anmniiT fovm-d l»v niuomidrtnl <-onti'arts 7S,S35.38
78,335.31
July 1. iSin, l.alaiMV availaM.' 17,607.8!
iVi
••I'l •
\
ir
2606 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
This slio'ws an increase over 1889 of 161 arrivals and 157,045 tons, and of 145 clear-
ances and 136,363 tons.
No new lines of transportation were established during the fiscal year.
Before the publication of this report there will be secured at this harcor under the
present contract an available deptn of water throughout the harbor of 18 feet at the
mean level of Lake Michigan and of 16 feet at extreme low water.
ItewipU and shipmenin hff Iqke during ihe calemUir year 1890.
Receipts : Tons.
Coal 98,000
Iron ore 703, 149
Salt 42,390
Lumber 911, 800
Miscellaneous men liainliso 20,736
Total 1,776,075
Shipments :
Grain 20,326
M M 3.
IMPROVEMENT OF CALUMET RIVER, ILLINOIS AND INDIANA.
The object of this work, as far as at present authorized, is to secuie
a channel 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep below United States harbor
datum (which is 1 foot above extreme low water and about 1 foot below
the mean lake level of Luke Michigan) from the mouth of the river to
one-half mile east of Hammond, Ind., to increase ihe facilities for hand-
ling the commerce of this region and to afford relief to the overcrowded
port of Chicago.
The history of the work is given in previous reports of the Chief of
Engineers prior to the report of 1890, and a r<^sume of the provisions
of the river and harbor acts of July 5, 1884, August 5, 1S8(>, and Aug-
ust 11, 1888, under which has been done all work on this river })reviou8
to that reported herein, will In-s found on page 2142, lieport of the Chief
of Engineers for 1881).
Altlumgh the ])rojc('t cont(Mn|>hitcs the ultimate attainment of 1(5 feet
depth of navigation over a width of 200 fret from the mouth of the
Calumet Ivivcr, at Calnmot Harbor, to a iM)int ono.-half mih' east of
Hammond, Ind., it will be seen from the acts rited that tliis stretch has
heretofore been divided into two sections:
( 1 ) From the month oithe Calumet to the Forks of the Calumet Kiver.
(2) From the Folks of the Calnmet to one-half mile east of Hammond,
Ind., and tlie wcnk |n(^vious to the liseal yearlsoi has been done under
separate aHotmiMits for tlie two sections.
During the past (iscal year no work has been done on the second sec-
tion, or between the tbrks and one-half mile east of Hammond, Ind.
At the close of the hist fiscal year work was in progress under a con-
tract with W. A. Mc(iillis ^^ Co., of Havana, 111., which had been ex-
tended to November :5o. isoo.
During the last fisral year this contract has been completed, and a
<'hannel 200 feet wiile and 10 \W\ in de|>th was(M>m])leted ])ractically to
One-hundred-and eighth street, .'»!K>J12 cubic yards of material having
been removed unch'r tiiis contract, or 77I,7.'{7 cubic vards in all.
The river and liarhor act apjiroved September 19, ISOO, a i)i)roju'iated
for this Avork sriO.OOO, and, with tlie a])|>roval of the project by the Chief
of Engineers, pio]»osals were solicited (,)cto])er 20, 1880, for the contin-
oatjon by dredfiiittK of this work fi-uui tlif vicinity of Uno liiuulrwl awl I
eighth street sonthward, wiiicU proposals were received wid openod,s
November 19, 1890. 1
With tJie approval of the Chief of Eiigiucers, U. S. Army, euiitra^itV
wa» entertMi iiito December 10, 18!Mt, with Wheeler & Pursell, of I'ortR- 1
month, Ohio, the lowest respousihie bjdilcrMj at a price of 1:34 fi«nts per 1
cuhifi yard, nieastired in place. I
Work under this contru^it coniineticed April 0, 18S1, and at the clo»d J
of the fiscal year 1801, 72,111 ciibie yards of mnterial hud been removed^ 1
32,111 cubic yards of which had been paid tor. Up to the close of thft 1
tbicaX year 1891, 843,848 cubic yards of niatcriul in all, since inceptioa j
of the work, had b€4^n dredged from tliis channel, eoinplettng '2 inileftA
and 2.033 feet to tlie fnll width and dejith of ehimuel. J
The details of this work and the <io«t per mile thereof are given in 1
the report of Assistant Liljencrantz, herewith, and inference is res]}ect-.4
fUUy made tliereto. ■
This river is rapidly growing in importance and- its improvement is I
gjeatly stiinulatiug uianiiJiwitnring enterprises, the commerce of the'l
river and harbor increasing attlie r«te of about 30 per cent, pey utmnnLj
each >'ear since the improvement began. 1
The improvement of the river, however, seems to be in advance of i
the uses of the bordering lands; but little comparatively speaking Id
docked, and the watershwl of the CaUiniet being laige and tJiu current
Bwift at spring freshets, the dre<Iged (channel deteriorates rapidly both
from sediment brought into it and irom the wash from the nndo<:kcHl .
tides. J
Ueceat Boundings show a deterioration of over 1 foot in the channel J
alrendy dredged from tbeHe cauiifs, and s(»>u we will rem:h a piiint, if I
annual appropriations be not inereoMed. where the entire available ap- i
propriation will he required to maintain the dftpth and width of nai'i- I
gatjon requii'ed, and no further progress be made on the main work. ■
Either the United States must decline to niaintjilu a channel one^ b^I
cnred heie or make greater annual appropriations; I
(1) To maintain what has been gained. fl
(2) To further profiecut* the work, or else at some point near by to J
aliandoi) further extension of the work untU it is properly dockwl along 1
coinjiliMcii channels, and the work of maintemmce be assumed by the I
loial inti'ivsts involved. An this river and lakes eonruvted with it I
iDrui a \'i^ry valuable system of navigation, and as work now contem- I
itlat>e<l by the city of Chicago may possibly diminish the value of the ]
Chicago Itiver as a navigable stream, and consequently increase the M
importance of the Calumet Itivor. it is growing more and more worthy" |
of improvement by the General Government. Particularly, in my opin- J
ion, is it advisable for Congresi^ to assume by a spedal bridge law ap- a
plicablc to this river control of the matter of bridging the river, and!4
also by law prevent the <tbstnicti»g of the (channel by the deposit then»- 1
in of solid matters through sewers and slanghter-house drains, etc. 1
The United States has secured the riparinn rights along the river J
from its mouth to its iorks, and should not only continue its improve- 1
mtmt, but prevent all stnutiires and uses that may diminish its value* J
aH a free pulilic highway. The region will sometime be densely {loptt- ■
latud, and eticniiiclimeutA upon this channel way will reduce it to the'l
same conditions, if nut pritvetited at the onlvtet, an are now presented*!
bytJieClm;L-i> Itivcr. i
In the c.vciLiliou .if the work npou this river by thecoiitnictops, work 1
K'VaB stopped April li2, Itfltl, by service of proicss in an ejectment soit I
1
2n02 RKPOKT OF THK CFTIKF OF KNGINKKRS, V. S. ARMY.
lirrvipts ami ifhipmentH hy lakv duriHg the cah-iidar year 1S90»
Kt>ri'i[its. Shipinvuta.
Aitiilr. ' (Quantity. Artu'le. yuHiitily.
7ii/iy. TuHs.
Toal , l.U'S.rKV. Vliinr
Luiiiliir ■ *J>7;j.281 ,, (irain
Imii and ii'Hi ti:»- 12ti. IJa l<ar<l
yimir. Mill, ami M'.u'ar ■ 117,970 Mi'mIh
Stum* ami irr 78.810 : LcHtl
LViiunt 21. IW SwmIs
Potalois ^^'IP ^^^ ^''^^*" :- -
Misoi'llaiieons nu n haiulisc 289. i*'2 ■ lbfiiH'illuiif«niH iiirn'liaiuliM*
1 llMilU
> s.uai».«i
i sami
K14S
77. SK
' 3S.K4
10S.M
Total 4,ti85.7i.7 ; TiUal 2.&23.:5i
M M 2.
IMPRi^VKMENT OF CALI'MET HARBOR. ILLINOIS.
The ol)jcrt of this work is to provide a deep entram^e to Calnniet
liivcr anil the ])ort of South Chicago, 111.
This is ctVrcted in the usual mauiier by di^edging a cliaiinel and pro-
te{ tin«r thi' (lre(lge<l area by parallel piers 300 feet apart projecting
into the hike from the river's mouth.
CONDITION OF THE WORK JUNE 30, 1891.
Woik was bofrun on this harbor in 1870, and at the beginning of the
liscal yoixr l*,ol*o linear feet of the south pier and 3,(>40 linear feet of the
north ]»ier had been eonst rue ted, which completed the existing project
as far as pierwork is concerned, but the south pier should be prolonged
800 fiH't to ]noti*ct the channel from drifting sauds.
On account of the present urg(»nt necessity for maintaining tbe work
already done, the superstructure of the piers being rotten over an ex-
tent of 2.000 linear feet and in bad condition over 800 feet in addition,
the estimate herewitji submitted is entirely for maintenance, and con-
templates no furtlier extension of piers at the present time.
Th(^ riviM" and harbor act of September 19, 1890, appropriated $20,000
for this work, and in accoitlance with the project for it« ex|)enditnre,
approved by tlie Chief of Kngineers, proposals were sought for by public
advertisement for dred^^ing the channel between the piers, which had
detciioratcd unlil theic^ was no longer a practicable channel 16 feet in
de]>th. ^
l*roposals were receiv(Hl and opened Xoveinoer 19, 1890, as shown in
table ai)])cndcd.
With the approval of the Chief of Engineers contract was entered
intn December 10, 1800, with W. A. McGillis & Co., of Soath Chicago,
III., the lowest responsil)le bidders, at 13i cents i)er cubic yard.
Work uimIim- this contract connncnced April 27, 1891, at the westerly
end of the harbor, eonneeting with the Calumet River improved dian-
nrl.
At th«» clo.sc of the fiscal year a channel 250 feet wide to a depth of
17 tVet below ih<* United States harbor datum (I foot above esctremo
h)w water) and 7r)0 fret in length has been completed, involving the
dredging t»f 20,OSS nibic yards.
Thepr[<e seiunMl by the United States for this dredging, being about
APPENDIX MM ^EEPOKT^OK CAPTAIX MAKSHAI.L. 2(iUM
}i of ooniraeU far improving Calumtl Hirer, JUhwiH aud Indiana, in Jorw dnrimj
ikefiBcal year endiny June SO, 1801.
I mud addmiB of oontractor.
.Hcfi}ilU« A Co.. South Chi-
ni.*
St. Fursell, PortHUiouth,
Xaturo of contract.
lUiti-.
To ox|iiii'.
I>n*dgin|; 770,(¥M) cubic yanln Irmii Nov. ."•, Iskh Aim-. :in. lrt»l
iMttwuen tho inotith Hiiil Om- iiiiii-
dn.l1 and c>i};htli Htn-rt, at llj rt'uis
vMh'w- yanl.
Dnilpni; :MKi.000 cabio yanl:*, sit 12^ IH** , I'Mwrn Nii\. :;n. u-u
cvntA cubir. vunl.
* Completed IKM-cinbtT 29, 18iM).
KEPORT OF MR. G. A. M. LIMKNCltANT/, ASSIMANT KNCIM.KI!.
1-.NITKI» Si \ I IS i:.N<;iM-r.i: (»ni< r..
Chirtnjo. m.,Jnlff /, /.s'.Q/.
(aptain: I havA th« honor to Hiilmiit hnvwitli a report (if o|M>nitiniis in Caliinirt
r, IlliuoiH and Indianu, during the tifsvnl yLsir rndiii^ .Juno .'{0, ls!M :
le "work during the year couHisti^l in, first, r(»ntinuiii<:c tli<^ drr<]«ri]in, luidcr mn-
ft dated November 5, 1888, with W. A. Mriiillis «V- ('<». (tlien of llavan.-i, now of
th ChicagOi Ill.)» which hud not Imtu i>oni]di't<Ml durin^r the ^ircvious yrar: and,
idly, by dredging, in continuation of the iinjirovt'nicnt under rontrari witli
ITS. Wheeler & Pujrstdl, of Portsmouth. ()Iii»), dated DeeenilH-r in, 1H!)0.
fLret named of thttso c.ontractH wuh to have expired on th<> !{Ot!i of Noveniher,
I, but at tho ro<iueHt of the contraetoi*M, dated November VJtti' the same year, th«»
for fulfillmentof thecontrai't wa8e.\tend»*d to NovendnTiiO, ISJM). suhjei-t tj> pro-
as in the flpecitications with regard to extra expenses on aeeonnt of the extension
[me, etc. 'fhe contract was com]deted on December 21. \><\H).
p to that time a total of 771,737 cuhie yards had been removed under tlie. eontraet
dell amount 393,112 cnbic yards were removed dnrin<; the liseai year ending
30, 1891. ITiiH work was all done a't the rate of 11^ eeiits jier eubir yard.
amount of $30,000 having been appro])riated ])y aet of ('on;;ress approved Seji-
|b©r 19, 1890, for continuing the imi>rovement of"('ahimet K*iver, Illinois and
ma," bids were advertised for Oetober2(), IHIMI, and o]M'ned N»)vemluT \\) follow-
for doing this work, llie contract was awanled to Wheeler iV Pursell, t>f Ports-
ktfa, Ohio, the lowest responsible bidders, and entered into on Det'emlwr 10 of
ime year, at a jirieo of 12^ cents ]ier cubic yard.
fork under the new contract was commenced April t>. ISJil, but only one estimate
iio far been given the contractors f«>r reasons given below.
e amount of work paid for on .lune 11. 1801, was :tLMll mbicyard^. Since that
and op to the end of the fiscal year tlu're has bi-en furtln'r removed from tin*
mel about -K^OCK) cubic yards un<l«'r this co]itr:i<-t.
le total amount of dredging done up to the end of the fi>r:il \ear will then be as
>WH : •
ler old contract to June 30, 1890 .iTS, iVSt
ring present year, old contract S<»o, I VJ
ing present year, new contract 72. 1 II
U'Ck'J'SA
Total since beginning of the impro\ emeiit Mli, 81S
he total length of channel dredged ii|) to the end of the lisral year is 2 nn'lesand
feet, of which 2 miles and l.lJOf) fet-t was <lredged under the old rnntract and
balance. 42H feet, under the new. 'I'he w«»rk nndertbe dilVerent contiact> at <lif-
mt i»rices and along diflVrent ]Mntions of the river, etc. will give the avir.iges
fost per mile as follows:
ler old contract ^:vx :r»d
ler new contract is. .VJ7
rork done to date :>!♦. t'lTo
».r estimate for new rout ract ,"»!♦, 7"».'»
Iflie great dilVerenc.e in cost of the work under the old and new «-onti:icts j«4
jcd Tiy, tirst. the sliy^htly in<*reas«'d contract j»rice from 11|| to 12^ C4*utsperc.iibi<?
2i;<)l KKPnRT OF TJIK CIIIKF oF KXiilNKF.RS, V. S. AKMT.
1
Ahulrafi ut pioponah for di'i<1{tinff ruihfd and oprntd at f'kiraffo. III.. 7 J m., f'Vrfan
daily yonmlwr 10, ISfH), by (\ipt, JJ . L, Marshall , Corjut oj' KKfliHirr^.
I KKtimatfil
,\fi. \niur and n-Hiili-nre of hiiWcr. 'vJnl illiTuwi '^'"*'*'-
;* yaxtls.) ,
CenU.
1 \V. A.M.<Mlli^ A rn..S.iiitli <;iru-:t2» ■ l.'lj ticiv
•J MrMnh-'ii A Mi.iituiMiiiiv. Chifiii:!! Xi \ li'.T'."-
:; Jnii-ii- l)!rtli;iiii;ri...<"l'iioiigo I 25 " i:.ji».
'I'lio aiiptiiiii :ivni1:ih1t> for paviiiciHs iiinlcr a- coiitrarl for this work ih ;^21.(H)0.
i:i roi:T or mu. n. a. m. lii-ikvcrantz, assistant rngixf.rr.
rxITEI) StaTK.S K.NMilNKER OFFICK,
rhivayo. III.. Junr :V\ JSOL
C.M'TAi.v: I luivo tin* h<iiior to submit liertiAvith a roport of o]>fratioii8 in I'aliimet
ITarltor. Illinois, during the fiscal yoar ending .Jumt 3<). is^ll.
'flu* work done in tin* harlun* diirini; the year consisted in dredging between ihf
])i«Ts to a d<'i»th of 17 fcot bidow tlie. Tnited States harbor datnni.
i»y an a«t of (\>n>^ess ai>]>roved September 19, 1890, the »uni of ^20,000 was aj»j»rn-
]»iiated for oontiiniintj the improvement of Calnmet Harbor, Illinois.
I'Mitb drt'diriiivT of tbo main channel and repairs, by way of rebnildiu^ the sup«fr-
M nut iirr «)\rr b»>th the piers, wen* very mueh needed, but the funds available not bt-iiii:
sntVM-i«>iit to accomplish both, it was considered of chief importouct^ to :ip)d\ tin*
n])|)ro]»i-i:iiioTi to drcd;rin^, on pnr]H»se to secure » connection between 1h«* lake ami
ihc iniprovrd imrtion of the river, very much in demand by the steadily inereasin;:
na\ i«r:>tioii.
I 'lids i\»r dredffi"^ were advertised for 04'tober 20, and opened November 19. WXV
Tlic coiitiiiit was awarded to W. A. Mcd'illirt «St. Co., of South Chicago, 111., the Inw-
v<\ responsil)]*' bidders, and entered into l)e«*ember 10 following, at the very low rair
oi" VM cents j)cr cubic yard.
Tin* work roiiiininccd on the 27th of April, 1891, at the westerly end of the harln^r.
j'oniiiM'tiiiu with th<' channel improve<l under appropriations for the Caliiinet Kivn.
1]) to th»' riid of tbr tisral year 2iMM<8 cubi<' yards have been removed, eonipletiiiL'
a clianijcl 1'')^ feet wide and to the reipiired depth, 17 feet, for a distance of 750 tV«i.
or uj) to the 4'ntranc«'. of the Illinois Steel Company's Slip. This will represent a
<ost of !?27,l5bJ ]iir mili' of channel conipl«'t«'d.
In addition to ihis ilredjiring. the lIliuoiM Steel Company has kept a dredge at work
making a rhannd 20 t'cet deep and about 70 feet Avi<le from the lake to their slip. Ti-
admit ihe iia^xaire u\' their heavily laden ore veswls.
The disi:inn' between the piers is iM)0 feet, but the dredging is done to a width ni'
2r»n lert only. b-avin;r 2.") feet along each pier on imrpose to prevent loss of stone it
other (lMm:i:::e to ihe work.
It i< )ir.»no-ed diiririjir The ensuing year to continue the dredging until a channel ef
tln' s]MM iiied width antl depth has been completed, which will connect the imj>rovi'«l
river cliMnnei witli deej) wat4'r in Lak** Michigan.
I'y ilic ii riic« of the contract it is sti|nilated that the work .(«ha1I be completed on
fU' before Viii:iin| ;{|. 1s«M. and it is conlidently believeil that this will be coniplici
^\ i 1 1 1 .
rnM»nn)\ or tiik pikjis.
The extnnudy bad condition of the wi'sterly or shore ends of lioth the piers ha*
been jM-rindii ally re])orted for several years, and the work of time continues uiiceaf-
irigly. as illn<irated by the table below, which gives the lengths and conditioiis of
tlie jlilierilil I'.oltions of ibe two piers.
('i.iiilniiin. Xorih Ph^r. .Smlh Tier. Ttital.
!■..!:■ ....
WllMl.ll NV
]ti-tiiii\ 111 im- lunkiii;; -lii'.- . .
'J"«'t.il li ii :! i,».
-•I
Linenr ftet.
Linear fe^t.
Linear /ML
1.648
fiOO
2.141
\XSO
391
TiOO
.100
901
1.011
OtfO
2.M
125
*J30
fiS
3,640
2,020
6.«l
^" APPENDIX MM — RKPOBT OK t^APTAIN MAUSHALL. 2607 \
uatioD by dredging of this work fioiu the vicinity of Oqp hundred ami '
eighth street southward, which proiiosalB were received and oiwnod '
November 19, 1890. .
With the approval of the Chief of Enptueei-a, U, 8. Army, eoutraet";
■was entered into December 10, 18!Kl, with Wheeler & Pursell, of Piirta- 4
month, Ohio, the lowant respousible bidders, at a priee of 12^ cents pear .
cubic yard, meBsured in place. *
Wtwk under this wmtraot commenced April 6, 1891, mid at the clow i
of theflsoAl year 1891, 72,111 cnbic yards of material had been removed, I
32,111 cubic yai'ds of which had been paid for. Up to the close of tJi* i
a»cal year 1891, 843,848 cubic yards of material in all, since iBceptlon ,
of the worlt, had been dredged firom this chaunel, oomitleting 2 uiiloc I
uid 2.033 feet to the full width aud depth of channel. J
The details of tlua work and the cost per mile thereof are given in ,
the reiwrt of Aasistaut Liljenciantz, herewith, and refbrejiee is respect- -
fully made thereto. '
This river is rapidly growing in importance and- its impro\'emeat U ]
greatly »timulatiug uaniifacturing enterprises, the cominerco of the )
river and harbor increasing at the rate of about 30 per cent pef unnuia j
each year since the improvement began. •
The improvement of the river, however, seems to be in advance of i
the uses of the bordering lands; bitt littJe comparatively speaking is '{
docked, and the watershed of the Calumet being large and the enrreut '
swift at spriu); freshets, the dredged ehauuel deteriorates rapidly botli 'j
from sediment brought into it and from the wash fiom the uudoekod
sides. . j
Uecent soundings show a deterioration of over 1 foot bi the chaun^ ;|
already dredged from these causes, and soon we will ruueh a point, if <
annual appropriations be not increa-sed, where the entire available ap-
propriarioii will be required to maiutain the depth and width of navi-
fiilitm required, and no further progress bv- made on the main work,
ither the United Statej* must de^-Iine to maintain a cliannel once se-
cured lieic or iiuike trrcatcr annual approprijitions;
(I) To iiiiiintiiiii wliiir lias been gained.
(i.*| 'I'o t'lullicr prosi'i-iite the work, or else at some point near by to
abaiidim I'mtlifr extension of tlie work until it is properly docked along
<'0]ti|>I<'(i'd I'liHiiucIs, and tlie work of maintenance be assumed by the
local iutcn'si-; involved. As this river and lakes conne<'t^ with it
form a very valuable system of jiavigation, and as work now contem-
]»latcil bv llif city of Chicago may possibly diminish the value of the
CUU-.ii^ii i;iv( r as a navigable stream, and eonsequently increase the
iinjiorlaiiic of liic Calitmet Itiver, it is growing more and 'more worthy
of iiTiiirovi-iacat by the (iener.il Government, Particularly, in my opin-
ion, is it advisable lor Congre.ss to assume by a special bridge law ap-
jiliiablo lo fhis river control of the matter of bridging the river, and
also by law jircvint the ob.strncting of the channel by the deposit there-
in "f solid matters through sewers and slaughter-house drains, et«.
The L'aiicil States has secured the ri|)arian rights along the river
, from its uKuitli to its liaks. and should not only continue its improve-
miiit- but pnvcTit all strncturcs and uses that may diminish its value
as a lice iiiL!>lic liitjlnvay. The region will sometime be densely popo-
hited, and ciirina.limcots iipmi this channel way will i-eduee it to the
same condilLons. if imt prcvcutcci at the outset, as ai-e now presented
by tlic).-|ii.-agi. i;i\er.
In the cx.Mntion of 1 lie worl; upon this river by the contractors, work
was slopiK-il Ajiijl L'L', l.^',il, by service of process in an ejectment suit
iirv tor tli«» null hi'i'ii (listrit't of Illinois, to jirotcrt the iiit^
riiit<Ml State's then^iii.
Doubtless tins ejt'ctninit suit must br (lisiiiissiHi, biittbe ]
TiiiiiMl St:it«'s to iin|>n»\<» iiavijjfjitioii by <l(H*|MMiiug uliaimeU
low- Wilt or lines t»i* navi^abh* riv«»rs will conio up and be dec*
(•as(» nn<b'r si»nn* otlicr Ibrni ot*]>i*ort'(Mlinji.
T]w ]»IaintitVi-laiins titlr tosnbaiw^ed lands to the centers
ncK and that the TnittMl Stat<\s can not dig u]> his lands wj
[KMisation Micirlbr. if his rlaini h(»lds in tlio courts the
provrnicnt of non -tidal riv«»rs by the (Scnrral (jovenmient^ bj
(rhannt'ls, c'onstrnc'tin«:'danis,h>ek8« and other works of navig
be put upon a ditlerent basis than at j>resi»nt.
puni»e>si:i) .vrrj.K'ATiox ov rvM^s now availablk and th
I'oK. 1 OK Tin: vise AL \KAR KNDINU JUNE 30, 181
It is )>ro]K>s('d to ('X]M*nd the funds now available in oonti
under tluMMtntract now in foree, and to ap])ly the funds a
oontinnin;; tin* approved lu'ojeet towar<ls eouiplction as fai*
aj)}U'o|)riat«Ml will go.
Monvif Htatement,
July 1. iMHi. Iialaui't* unoxpt'iidcd
Aiiinuiit a |i propria ted by act api»rove(l Sept«ml>er 19, 189U,
.Iiin<:>U. is«ii. aiiLouiit expnidod during fiscal year
.Inly 1, Is'M. lialanr** iincxpoiidod
.Iiilv I. ISIM, aiiiouiit fovorod ])y uncompleted coutrarta
1? r
I .hilv 1. IM'I. IialaiHH' available
- ■!
I
Vinouiii .i'>tiriiat«Mb nMiiiiivd t*t»r rnniplftit>u of «*xistiiie prujoct
\rni>iini liiai ( an lii-prolitalilycxpciidiMlin lisml voartMidiiiK JiuieSO^lV
^1 Siiiiiiiitt«-(1 ill cninpliaiirf \\\\\\ i-r4ULrfUit.'nt-8 of Hurt ion a 2 of river ai
[ hailMir aris of istiO and 18G7.
1 ! Ah^triu I ttf pi'oposalH furtirttiiiiiuj irrtiral ttndopnivd at Chicago, iW., IS m
j I \nnmlnr'l'i, isixt^ by (apt. l\\ L. MunthuU, Corp9ofEn§iuee
pi iT #!««:•-
/^^
■^ Mfc
I
iTi^Nbix M M— ia;rui;i' ,.i' .'.uiain marsU-UJL. 2611
M M4.
QtPHOVEMENT OF ILI.INOIS RIVEE, ILLINOIS.
The ultimate oldect of this improveniont is to ftimish a throne;li rout*
of triinaportatioD by water trom the (wtuthAiii end of Lake Michigan lu
the Missiflsippl Uiver of oiifHcieiit capacity far itt* navigatioD by the
lai jiCi^Ht class of Mississippi River Hteiunboatii that can reach the mouth
of tilt; Illinois Biver.
The dimensions that have been adopted for the locks to meet this
re*iiuremeut are :
Leujcth of lock chamber 3M
IViilthorchuinber 75
Depth ut low water over sUla 7
The prmect now under execution is for the improvement of the lower
section of this route extending from the month of Copitema Creek to
the Mississippi River, a distani.'e of 137 miles. Another section of tlie
rivi^r, )^ miles in length, froni iLc itmntli of ('upperax Creek to La Salle,
hai* been improved by \h<- Stiifi' iil' liliixiit) by tJiu constnicfion of two
locka and dams, one at < niiii'i^if* » irvk iind one at Henry, IIL
O^Tlliis l:itt.-fs,vtioii Mil' si;itcslilli-oIk-cts tolls, the United StatiM
nut V' 1 ■ 1'^ I 1 fiif'i! lli< riindilionu tmiHiHud by the act of cesalon
«ii th. i I I. . -l:Unif. which cuuditJun» are such ajt to deprive the
«■■);. i.i ..i;.!! \t liili' ib'iiiiiiKlJn;; a great i^penditure by the United
.Si,,[. ■■ i..K.-u Ill !..[■ wi.ik.s 111 Ih« substituted thcrefbr,
Willi H-iMil III tlii> MihjiTt i.'l'ri.-nir i-i riKLilc fji the Annniil Report
111' 111.- riiii-ror Kh^idccis (i.f ISSlt. ii:i;,'.'l.'ll'l ct miititur.
liiciiT [111- ;i<'t <ir('.iii;;:ii'ss (if All;; list 11. 1S8S, surveys and separate
.■.-liiitairs li;.\i- Iiffii iiinilc, lKi>c-i niHin li.w-wator (k-pths of Hand li feet,
Ikl' >-;i]'niii;.' til.- iiii|iiii\>' tit I'loiii \.;i Salle to Lake Michigan via the
llliiiHi-^ all. I Mf,-iilaiiie,s liheis, hihI a eiit aeross the Chicago^ divide,
ov.-r \\liiili M-.iiuii ihi'ti- is a lull iti walei- sinlaecs, Lake Michigan be-
'I'lii- n-|Miit ii[ioii tills Niirvev ami estiniaiew have been printed as
Il.inM- K\.-<iiIivf Donuiient N.".. L'lH. I'^iltv-liist ( 'ontrress, flr.st session,
aii<l is :i!si. j.iil.lis!ii-,i iti llie Auiiiial Uepi.it of the Chief of Engineers
for |S!MI. |.a-e L'4l!t and folli.w la- pa-es.
I Ulier sarveys and esiiaiatvs liav.> alsn been iiuiiU* by the trastees of
tln' sanitary distriet of Cliiea;;<i. urbanized nniler laws of the State of
1 1 limns fin- eiittitig a eapaeiims ehaniiel carrying a large discharge from
Lake Miclii;:aii into tlic IMiimis Itiver I'.ir drainage and sanitary por-
]niM*-.. 'riic ri-|i.ii[s and i-stiiicites iif the cii^^ineers of this latter body
No \>y\\ \^\i<\\ lias >cl liei-a mad.- Iiy ( 'lui^ii-ss tor eniliarkiug upon the
,-oiisliiirlina i.r the iieiesf-afv wiiiUs ut a;ivt-ali<)ii over the last-men-
li.aieil sri-tii.ii. /. .-.. IViiiii l.a Sail.' I.i Lake Miriii^'an, but the State of
Illinois has |>ri.\iil.-d l.v law tor lln> ilestiiietioii of the navigation by
lo.ks and .laiiis, over llie si-.lion of the Illinois River from La Salle
til ('o|i|ieras rrc.-k. Iiy rciiiiiiiii^' tin- removal of the locks and dams at
Hetityaml < 'op|i.Tas 'rie.-k. in tlie event they arc not accepted by the
T'liitiii Slates, iiiiilvi- (lie einnlilions stated tljerein, within 4 years from
.Jnly 1. j.s.s;'. wlieiher any other system of navi;ratioii Ih^ substituted
thci.-lor or not l>y that linie. The iia\ ipitiijn of llie Illinois River is
iio« anil will !"■ ii.-e.-ssaiily de|icmlciit u(ioii these woiks tor yejjrs, and
the utility oi the Illiuois and Mississippi Canal as a through route will
I
E tUeulu
'^ii\2 UKI-oKT W TIIE CHIEF OF i;\(HNKKl!f», U. fl. ARMY
depend ui>on the uaintenaQce of tbe wtti-k» at Betii^' aiitU b
depth of wattT is otherwise obtained.
The present projert involves the oon^iti'iii'tiiiu «f two luL'ks wi
one at La frviuit^^, Tli miles above the luiiutJi nf lh*v Tlltuuiji. t
at Kampsville, 31 miles above the mnutli, and dred^iitfi tU« chi
7 feet deptli at extreme lowwAter over bara. UorttUtwu " "'
yards of dredging is required.
OONDtTJON OP THR WORK 3WZ 30, ISflA.^
(rt) lia Grange L"ck. — T\m lock iB oo«iplL-t«d and in
is also yrwCicaily complettfd, n^airiiig under prf^ent plnnf) ot
vnhiii yfti'ds of ln'iiv.v riprap to protect the mud boltom of tht
Kivcr bolyw the dam. Thisdam is 83(1 lw«t Iohr and 7.4 fwt 111
A «iuaU amount of work. principaJly ftUing nbout the loc-k-
dwelling and nivutnii^ut of banks, is still to be 4ion« abniil tliiii
render the {:r«uud,s mure sightly, but (Jus w<irk is not urgent
bti gra4lually wiiiplettHl by the lock force,
(*) At KnmpsHUf. — The cvtft'rdam is in place and the foiim
L-ompletfd. All of the masonry re^niired is piU-d at the lot-k s
contracted for. Xo ma«onry ha« j'et be»>n laid; no dam nr al
bi'giui. The grwitcrpartof thcmud that had been deposited si
nt>o" the foiindaUou of the lock has bewi rwnovixl fri>in Uik fun
Laliorers' quarters ai-e rejuly, and material and b<iate eolle«t«l
i«g up thv loek nui--«»ury a« soon as tlie cofliTdam can be pan
an<l tht' fonnilation cleaned and tresHet* prepared,
Uuriug the tixcal year ending June 30. 1^1, the foUuwiiig; yi
been done:
Im (jrange Lock and iAuii, — Two pile reveunent*, one billow f
tnent of the dam 205 feet in lengtlt, and nae Iielow the luwci- vr
of the Imk 307 feet in length, were bntlt; opnratJuy jruar of i
overhauled and strengthened byadditional j|i;earin|C. Tliu fljlln^
the Im^k wall and reyttjuents was pra»^ically tyHniiilotcd ; s t*.ii<f
stnieted tbr the Im^k-keeper's dwelliBB, and 21,750 cubic yiunl
t«ria1 dredgiMl and placed as backing ti> the dnm or lilliiig l>el
lock walls,
Thednni wim lillrnl with stone, aud ei>)iiug p)a«^ oreri70Ui
of it lefi iiicniiiplct.- ;ir the clos« of the last tlitcal year, niul l,»
yardH >A' lipi;!). |pI;i.ih1 below the dam. Tiie Oov«rnmtyit r»j«
was fciirt'i aiul till- i:ronnds cleaned,
Knmp'i'iili- /,'j(/..— l*n'|i!i.rfttioii.s for laying ap ihia lock have
progress si mi- I icictniirr. Tlje cofferdam, which wit« i'ttfaidet«tl
had flikil uiiiily h, iis l.)|i Mitli mud over the foundation; 25,1
yanls til' tliit rti:i(i-iiid liifrft liwu removiHl. There reniaios alxi
cubic yiiiils iiiix*' 111 il, ^vhicli muNt be MHiovcd by hiuid to av<H
to the riiiiiii!>iliiin. Liib.uci.s' quartern for 'AT*\ men bare Im
stnu'ti'd : iii:it'-i liil l"i Inn t^lrr trcntles for laying up the uumoiii
lock pnii'lia>i-l iiiid iiillci(cil at the lock Kite; pumpK wiup fo
ine out I Ik- • •ilVcnhiini and contract made with .Sunpn- & Mood
yebnmr.^ 1i>. ism. li>r the delivery of the reinoinderoftlie stout* i
fortho'oiiNiiiii Itoji ul'thiMlock.
The pliuil li:<-s tii'LMi kept in repair ntt well im could lie, but t
t>f all lioatiuK iu\>iicHy are n«^rly imrpiuublc tVorii atrf i«iii1
This plant, which vna* Midicient to b»v« coniph-tiil rhe workc ni
iiiinual ap]u-upriationK, under iusutficiiuit liifiiiiial appmitriiitii
rotted on our hands liefbre the work for which it was |«ui-c)im
been inurv than began, i. e^ the dredging and ulumnel wiirk.
l«-fc*U«. WJ
wo thn rli'tiilgiui; rtifjairrMt vnu hf Anna, an Mitiri- n
■c1i»n(hI, lUi far m floiiliiiR |)laiit. m i-oiici'i-ut^l.
i {ir<i]>i>si'il to a])|i1y tlie funds now on liAiid and t)io»c oitkfHl for
til till' i'iiiii]ili'tji'ii of the KanipRville liork and Diiin; 1o iifiinvtttt-
e dicil^'i)!^ |ihiiit,;iii<l to dredging tb<^ channels tliruitgh liartt and
etJng tlic (xi.stiii): projwt.
Atover may bo th« result of muului]>ul urlucAl wrnkM, t h'- i\cnition
cbuiayiiiakei)OB«ible an improvement of UicTjomi^t I lllni>lsli,vi>ilier
ds tliau by locks and dams, it must be connidi-iril Mmt rviTi y«^
'2 vc^ixa nftor the. rreiition and eetabtisluiHTif .ii' :iri .irj;:iiii/iition
i-v.m ;i wi.rU wliirli wassaid tobe SiiHl.'i.'iilh ciri.liTst.H..! (.1 ill^firv
zisL.tmv nf llu- Stiitcof Illinois to iiidtciil.' t.i tli'- I'liil-.'il Stiilw
>fk iv,|.LiLv.l. .m til.' liKsit* of mmiii-i|Ki! ■.■«si(y.nint to .[ir.^'t
wti'iiriiiiii «\ v:i](nil>lc wcirks of navi^ntioQ on tlm iliinois Kivfi',
luiti- I'LtTis h:\\r h.iii vM.iki'd ont, formulated, and adopted. Tlitf
els i.ri)|ii.-i.-il Uiivr li.cii t\vii-« lo<iated ivnd estimated. in jiart; but
!t:iils:i-.yi-i ;iiiiiiikiiciwii, the right*! of way nnscoured, and tlic io-
iiti.Mi iiilli.' «'nk still in the ftitiire.
ibtlr-^s ilii-^ mitiiiiiinil woik wUl be execnt«i as a eanltHry ueoes-
iiiit i[ \sjll t;ik.> iii;inv years for it« inceptnon and complotiun.
Lvl.il. ■ ilif iiilv,ifi|s nf naviK^tti'.it -Ml th.. lllio.,i« Kivtr sli-mld In-
l.'il h,V ).\ lhrrnlM)il.'lin1l i.f Or- ■■■ ■ ' ■ ■' .-rrl iimw •;., tl.lir .■.il.-
iitiiiii, (iml |lii> ruliirc ronrs.' ol tlii' iinjiioveiiient be adjusted to
(inliiinus ili;ii Mill ]>!■ jn-.)l>;.hly I'fM'iilwl in time. It would not
.■ui-i' m ;ih^Lhil<iii ii w.iik tliiit will .'frtainly fullfil the require-
Ill' ii;i\ i;;iLii. Ill III! till* l.dwiT 1 Mill. lis jit very small expense, because
iis~ili|> 111 till* iii-\t ff.Tifriiii.in these works nyiy be incidentally
■I'll niiiHTi-.-aiA !iv III.' I'vi'i'iitinn i)f work tor another purpose
I'lH'Mf I III' l;ii-v rliiiiint'l .■(iiitemphite.l by the city of Chicago for
i;;c i~ iniiiiillv ili'LTdirtii'il iip'iii. iu view of the fact that a chan-
■ ii;n i-;i(iiiti ;inil llii- .■liiiiiiicl IWr liriiiiiJifj;*' across the Cb'icago di-
iii-r iii'r.'";iiil.v i"iii|iy till' same ticlil, it is evident that to avoid
'iHimi III' i'\|n'ii>f. till' chiiiiiu'l. ;it Ifust in the expensive rock sec-
1 Ill III' ic>ii>i\'inti'il lit'st til ct the re<juireroents of navigation
|).*. \,'liii'ii\ di' i-iirri-iit. anil dimonsions of section, while at the
liiiii' I it -iillicii'iit llmviiic rapiii-ity to carry off the drainage of the
r> ili-iiii-i. Siiili a I'linipi'iiiiiis.' will nei-essiirily be more expen-
taii I itliiT a rliaiinrl li.-st sniti'd I'm' drainage, or a channel best
mill -iiiliiii'iii I'nr Tiavi;;aniiti. I'^lscwhorc where locks and dame
.■i'-..-aiil> 11-1.1, anil ill III.' .'ail h si'i'lion, it may not seem advisable
;' mil <liatiiii*Js tn iii'ru]iy tilt- same !ocati<in. The dams will ob-
th.' iliin- and tin- How will niakr mine expensive the dams and
I' ilii' ~\~ri'iii lit iiavigatiiin iinno or I. 'ss of its slack-water features
i\aiiT;i,i;i'-. A 1 iiiii'Mt ai. Is mi vi;;[ition downstream In direct pro-
n III iis M'lm ii,\ uiihiii jii'iictii-alile limits, but obstructs upetreani
iliiiji in'iii l\ ill |iL-<'|"Mliiin to its i-ube. A channel, therefore, with
.■ii> i>r '■'■ mill'- an liinti-. or even less, can not be made equal in
I.I i\ siniilai ~!aik «atci- channel.
i lioniiiiiil wlii-iln'i iliire be anywhere on the face of tiie globe
iti.m in oi.linaiy rivt'r channels by steamboats, upstream, more
IIH* iriik"i against a ciincnf of .1 miles an hour, or more, and in
2filfi REPOli'l- riF THE CUIEF OF KNGINEEKS, U. S. ABMT.
Caniir rrniliiigii on thr niinaiii Hirer, nt I.a Gro»tir., Ill,
l^WKROAIIKK. 1890.
Day.
Jmi.
F..b.
Miir.-
Apr.
May.
June,
July. Aug.
S«pt.
Oet.
NO.
Dm.
J
i4!nc
I7.KI>
17. OS
II
loine
laiS
11
is! IS
1S.M
1S.U
sia
5. IB
EL 10
5.0D
6.M
a. 11
5.9§
Bigs
S-IS
0.33
S.35
G.40
Is
11
V.V7
(I.B3
18. 7S
si
19. M
I&W
7] 31
7. as
t:«i
7!8a
7.B7
T.M
B.OS
also
a. 27
laias
17. B7
IBiftt
le'.IXi
18. «
18.22
ie:26
loins
Iflioi)
iflios
IS
leiTB
IB. as
ifiiaa
IB. 88
iB.«n
IB. SB
18.fl0
isiei
II
ifliia
1B.M B.«
mOB fl.6B
1B.W H..W
kS BiSfl
14! w ; 8. M
laiaslaifa
11 li
10! 40 S.IS
10.10 8.nr.
Bias, i.K,
7;«
7.8B
7;^
8.IS
8,M
B.1S
s.ia
lis
11
a.2S
8.22
8.30
B.OS
8.01
.08
«.M
g.113
'1
1
.»7
ftOG
'.ea
.M
.85
8.83
8.72
8.72
8.GG
S.4B
tl
IS
8.82
8. BO
aee
ft. TO
a.7S
a.aa
3.H
8.80
».»0
K.H
a.»
a. Be
11
B.46
b!40
0 1'
U::::::::::::
B.S1
g.u
;:::;:::::::;
.... Uj.
S.M
11
■■'Ifi'is
IS
!'::■:;;:;;;:;
:;:; 11^
8.88
];::::::::::::
:::;'ll!;?l
fi
2"
,,..! W.IW
■a
....' B.7;i
8.7T
^■'■..-.
- •■ «■«
8.B
27
w
jW
.... N. M
.... M.70
8.1=
8.B
8.M
m«
»-
17.«
i^w I is-ffi
i«.ej.s.:wis,ii
B.S8
8. BO
Oange rm^iagt on the Illim
IRi'ri'imllntlie
t flirfr aftor^ Copperas Crerk Loe^.
IMifths lower mlUtr sill.]
!..„.
llnr. 1 Ai.r.
M.V.^
ruiy.
A..«.
s..i.t.
Oot.
Nov.
Dmi.
tWI tM
,■..,
Fn-f.
I*S
1D.B» j 22.EJ
S^» s-s
^«
1B.8S
V.K
7.U0
u 12.10 2n.2r> 2U.7T ii>.9i)
U I 21.07 i 20.28 < in.M I 17.t«l
u 21. " ■ - ' -
e i 21.
21. SH 17.2^1
21. W I 17. IB
23,112 1 17.07
22.00 I 17. lU
21. 8B K.05
17120 it!*)
i7,3U I 17.S0
APPEMUX MM RKPORT OF «'.vrrAIN M M.'SIIAI.I..
2(:i
fiau^f ftfuiiuti* OH Ih* ffnutttM f^irrr f**h>u t\*fijui,i i ^t k /•••/,
Day.
•Ian. >Vh. Mar. Aiir. Mtf>. 'Flint'. Jiilx . Au^. S-|>t. m-t. Nnv. Dec.
1.
:1.
4.
1«.90
1G.88
16.77
16.70
:» ' 16.27
« ' 16.45
7 ' 16.80
S 17.2^
!) ' 17. 70
10 18.10
II i 18. .57
V2 ' 10.12
13 1 10.6Ii
U 10.72
!,'> 1 10.93
10 '■ 20. 3H
17 20.77
In. ••••■•«••.. ^l«Ul
10 21.2.'>
2*1 21.40
21 21.. i4
22 21.60
23 21.62
24.
21.70
- 21.57
27 21.37
2S 21.20
20 21.03
:U» 20. K7
31 20.WJ
2«». 7m
20. 46
20.33
20. le
190.10
2i>.«m
19.%
19.87
19.72
19. 00
19. uO
19.40
19. :m
19. 'M
19. 12
19. (r2
ltj.9.5
18.90
18. S5
18.82
18.75
18.65
18.60
18.65
18.65
18.60
18.53
18. 50
le.40
18.37
l»i.30
l'».2.-i
If.Ji)
li<. .'jO
17.97
1 7. 75
17.70
i^^.ao
IS. 40
1M.5»<
lli.OJI
19. 10
19.17
19. -Si
19. :io
19. 40
19. 45
19.50
19.50
19. 55
19.60
19.60
19.60
19. ra
, 19.83 i
19.95 I
20.00
! 20.05
20. 'SI
20. 3U
20.311
Li«. 2.'i
2»i. 31)
LV. 4*»
2«1. 4.".
2t». 6.'.
20.85
21.03
•11 o.»
2L35
21.40
^'1. 4H
21.00
21. 72
21.85
22.03
22. 10
22. 10
22.05
21.93
21.78
21.70
21.62
21.50
21.50
21.28
21.25
21.08
Meau . . .
19.56 i 19.31 ' 18.98 I 21.24 20.07 ! 20.46
I
'JO.:*}
JO. 7o
'JiKCCi
2». 57
2n. .'HI
2«».45
211. :!."»
211. I«»
19.90
19. W
19.70
19.67
19.60
19. 52
19.60
19.68
19.70
19. ?J
19.88
19.90
19.93
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.07
20.25
20.35
20. 40
20.40
20. 40
2li. 44i
20. :»:{
20.60
20. 50
20. 43
20. 33
20. 30
2i». 27
, 20.21J
! 20. 10
20.02
■ 19.88
I 19. 7:^
19.67
19. ."iO
19.50
19.57
19.67
; 19.90
20.12
; 20.35
! 20.45
I 20.72
21.00
21.30
: 21.62
21. rs
21.90
I 21.90
21.75
21..'»2
21.32
21. 10
20. 8i»
2l». 53
21^. 44
20. 2<»
19.94
19.7.".
19. 4ii
19. H»
18. Ni
18. 5:t
18. 43
18.30
18. 13
17.87
17.0«>
16.53
16.35
16,05
15.90
15.85
L-).55
15.40
15.40
15.30
15.18
15.07
15.00
14. 95
14. «rj
14.^1
14.75
14. .V{
1 1. ^>.i
14.0.3
13. S7
I3.irs
13. 43
13. 2.')
13. 13
i:;.oo I
12.1L*
12. 82
12. A)
12. 77
12. 70
12. 62
12.60
12.06
12.65
12.70
12. 62
12.00
12.60
12.00
12.00
12.60
12.60
12. 60
12. 55
17.86 I 1.3.17
12. ."»t»
12. 5»i
12. .'i»»
12.50
12. 45
12.43
12. 40
12.43
I2.0:i
I2.«50
12.(J4»
12. 00
12. 60
12. 60
12. 07
12. 75
12.80
12.80
12.85
12.85
12. 87
12. 90
12.85
12.80
12.80
12.80
12. 80
12. 73
12.68
12.65
78
N)
I
12. iKi
12. tJ5
12.70
12. 75
12.75
12.80
12.80
12.
12.
12.
12.80
12.8»»
13. 25
13. 30
13. 35
13. 4(»
13. 40
13. 40
13. 40
13.40
13. 42
13.50
13. 50
13.50
13.50
13.60
13.46
13.40
13.40
13. 40
13.40
I
— r
13.38 i
13. 30
13.27 '■
13.20 }
13. 20 i
13. 15
13. 12
13. 10
l.J. 08
13. 00
13. (H»
13. (H)
13.08
13.08
13. 10
13. 10
13.18
13.35
13.40
13.48
13.50
13.50
13.57
13.60
13.63
13.70
18.70
13.75
13.80
13.80
13.8(»
13.80
13.88
13.80
13. 72
13.70
13.62
13.00
13.50
l.'l. 50
13. 42
13. 33
13. 30
13. 30
13. 35
13.40*
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.40
13.42
13.40
18.48
18.60
18.60
18.58
13. ((0
13.60
12.00 I 13.10
1
13. :W ■ 1.3. .V2
PKKMMI.VAKY REPORT OF W. K. WORTHEX, CHIEF ENGINEER, ANI> .loiIN NEW'n)X,
CON.SCTLTIXG ENGINEER, TO BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF SANITARY DI.STllH'T OF Clll-
CACwO, ON FEASIBLE ROIITE.S FOR DRAINAGE CHANNEL FROM CHICAGO TO JOLIET.
We have the houor to submit a preliminary roport, with a map, showing certain
feasible routes for the pro]>oRe(l dramnf^e channel from Chicafi^o to Jolid.
The dimensions of the draiiuij^e ehaniiel have been described by th«* act "to create
sanitary districts and remove obstriictionH in the DeRphiincH iind the Illinois iiivci'H/'
etc. (Section 208.)
This act provides that the drainage <*hannel ''shall be count ruct«*<l ot*Kut1i<'iciit size
and capacity to produce and imiintaiu at all times a coiitiiiuoiiH How of not Ickh than
300,000 cubic feet of water per minute, and t-o be of a depth of not U'sh tliMii U feet,
and a current not exceeding «^ inileH per lumr, and if any portion of any Hueh elianiiel
shall be cut through a territory with a rocky stratum where sin-li territory with
rocky stratum is above a grade Huthcient to produce a depth of water from Lake
•Michigan of not less than 18 feet, such portion of such channel shall have double the
flowing capacity before provided for, and a width of not less than KU) feet at the
bottom^ capable of producing the deptli of not less than 18 feet of wat<*r.
DESCRIPTION OF NEW ROUTES AND KSTIMATKS.
Of all the new routes that have been surveyed, plotted, ))rofiled, cross-sectioned,
and estimated, two only have been selected for com]>arisou — those marked on ])Ian
in foil lines, the Ogden ditch line and the line "!).'' We think the former to be the
better, as it is somewhat less expensive, and it provides at the same time for carrying
oft* the storm water of the Upper Desplaines without the neeenHity of cfmstriieting
expensive cnt-otfs from the l)esplaines to the lake north of ('hieago. In this view
the channels estimated and designed for the maximum Ihnv of (i<M),(NM^cubi<r feet per
minnt-e will siifiic4), and with the gate cut -oft' in the Ogden ditch line, somewhere in
the west fork of Sonth Branch, will prevent the high water of the DcHplaincH Mow-
ing back into the Chicago Kiver.
APPR< >XIMATE EslLMATi:.
We ostimnte the total cost of entire line of 18 Uh^A water deitth bv wnv of Oirden
ditch at 425,700,000.
If the excavation in eartli Im^ redm'ed to It feet wutev A«*v\\\ 'a\\\\ \W 'swV- \\\N{v^a
walls be omitted, we estimate the eo.st at !)i'2*J.7iMt,iHH\.
2618 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, IJ. R. ARMT.
If the (lifierence betTPeon 14 feet and the maximam depth provided bv law is eTer
to be taken ont it conld bo mnch more cheaply done when th(^ (.-hunnel is dry than
by dredging after the water lias been let in. Most of the work in the exitavation
and transfer of material must be done by niacliinery, and nnder a thorough sy st-em,
with the best modem appliances, ample space for the piling up of waste, and ready
removal by rail, the channel should be completed in 4 years.
Between Bridgeport and Willow Springs there will be 17,526,000 cubic yards of
waste material if the water depth is 18 feet, and 14,656,000 if the water depth is U
feet.
Between Willow Springs and the Joliet Basin there will be 3,500,000 cubic yards
of earth excavation, 3,537,000 cubic yards of hardpan excavation, and 13,351,830
cubic yards of rock excavation.
Between Willow Springs and the Joliet Basin there will be 18,948,600 cubic yards
of waste material, of which 13,351,830 cubic yards are rock.
How far earth and rock may be found to-be of marketable or other value we leave
to experts ; but it would seem that the rock has already a market, and it could be
stored on the banks while waiting disposal.
* The dimensions of the section of the channel are shown in the drawing, being on
average width of 180 feet, with nearly vertical siiles, and the depth of 18 feet below
the flow line of water.
A rout'C following the line of the canal is feasible, but it Tiinst be considered that
' the canal is already a part of a drainage system, and can not at present be dispensed
with. To attempt to com vert it, while thiLs used, into the main channel of the new
system would be attended with great difliculty and cost.
Although not urgently required until the completion of the system, we have con-
sidered it expedient at this time, with the view of eventually securing an ample sup-
Sly of lake water, to call attention to the necessity of straightening, widening, and
redging in certain places the Chicago River and its branches, and of increasing the
discharge of the pumps at Fullerton avenue. That discharge now averages lS,000
feet per minute, and it should be increased to 30,000 at the lowest. Provision must
be made also ibr conveying a supply of fresh water into the east and west arms of
the south fork, and for carrying oiff the diluted contents.
The law provides lor tne new aramage channel to terminate at the upper basin ftt
Joliet. The addition of 300,000 cubic feet per minute, the usuiil estimate<l flow of
channel, will drown out Locks 5 and 6. Consequently some adequate means most
be devised to dispose of the discharge of the channel at that place, so that property,
I>ersons, and health in the Illinois River Valley shall not be endangered.
From the terminutioii of tho channel at Joliet to a point above the Snng, rock ex-
cavation could be a<lvertised ;i8 soon as the title to the lands is secured. It is pro-
posed, lirst, to cut a longitudinal trench — a part of the channel — through the rock
in that ])ortion of the route just described. The trench thus executed will save
much in pumping and in ])lant, and its completion will constitute an important prog-
ress in the execution of the whole system. In fact, to elfeot the drainage of the
whole work during the progress of (;x(;avation, the lower ])ortion, toward Joliet,
would naturally be first un«l<'rt.aken.
W. E. WORTIIKX,
Chief Engineer,
John Nkwton,
CofiHiilfintf ICn(j\neer.
To the honorable Bo.vijd of Tkustki:s of thk Samtauy 1)istiu<t of (.hicago.
Jaxuaky lo, 181H.
RFPORT of W. F. WiUlTIIKN, CIIIKF KNGINFFR, AXI> .TOIIN XKWTOX. COXSILTIXG KX-
ginfkr, to r.oakl) of timstf.fs of chicago sanitaky nistulct, on location of
i>raivagk ciiannkf. hftwffx .lofjkt axi) summit.
Ffhruary 21, 1891.
Wo have the lioimr t<> snhiiiit the folloAviiiijj re]>«)rt :
In our ])r<'liniinar\ rejjort ot' .hmuary 11^ la.st, tlie lin«" of tli(" drainage^ channel,
witli dimensions ni" its cross srrtions, as pn'seribed by tlie jMovisions of the act cre-
ating tlie sanitary district of ('liica«j(), was Nu1>niitte<l to the board of trustees.
ROlTi: OF PROPOSED I>RAINA(iF ClIAXNKI, LAIP OUT.
Since that r<*port and agreeably to the instructions of the board to the chief en-
gine«*r " to locate Ji rout»» ]>ursiiant to his report, on tlie groun<l between Joliet and
the boundary of the district near the Summit, so as to enable the board to make a
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PRKMMINARV I
Wo have the bt>uor Ui onlnnit > preliminarj- report, with • tavp, obowhtf; cortKin
feaaiblr roiitr'H for tin' |>r<>|iiiHi*<l ilrainft^ cbuiDel IVoin Cbieago to ■fullcl.
Till' iliru. ri-i.i!i. . r ill. .Ii.n., ,.;,■ r1iHiiuel hsvo been deowilMwl ty thi- at't "toMrento
Biuiii i; . -iriidiiHia Lu the TlcBpljiiiiwi aiid lliP lUinoioHiviTs,"
{ HOCTES A
D BATUIATICS.
itPH that hnve been surveyed, plotted, profiled, orois-oeotiniiMl,
only huve been oeleirtod for oompariooD — thnoe markod on plau
IcTi rlitcli line imd the line " U." We Ihuik the former to be the
'hnt less ezpensive, and it pminiioe at the iiuno time for carrying
'I Ihf Upper DtMplaiDeH withimt the oei^eMity of roDBtruetiQg
' 'irj the lleHplaiDivi to th» laki- north of Chivaeo- In thia view
,.l .iTiil •iH'iiKnMt fur the maximum d<Tw of HOO.HNlcabic fpet per
' vltb ihc ^t'.> ent-offin the Djtrlvn ditch line, oomttwhere it
I llru
, will prevBut the liigh water of the TleapIaitiPA fitif
E KSTIMATK.
We eot imnlf the totnl cohI of entirt- line of I* fwt WBt«r dwpth by way of Qgfitsn
ailfh at f25,Tm,000,
If the exeavatioTi in e:irth be rednnil to 14 feet water depth ami the >iik ni)>bla
walla be amitl.-il, ne vMiinute tlie coat at 4S2.7W>,tNX].
2n20 RKPOUT OF TTIK ClUKF OF ENOIXKKRS, U. S. ARMY.
rimn l.(MN) to r».<X.iO «iil>ir tVei p«^r nofoml flnvin^ HimiHr -will iiof hf iiifciTopf^^il, lint.
ii.s b«'jbn', will flow clown Iho DfsplainoH.
Our i'oncliiRioii ih in roiiHniiation of our prcvioim roiu^iumendatioii on tliiK Hnliject
submitted to th^^ hoard, viz, thai the portion of tln^ dr»ina'«;o <'haniie1 bpj'-oiid the
Summit he used as the (liversion of the Upi)er Dettj^laines. In this connection it will
he scon by the records of the Hood, which culminated on February 9, 1887, with a
volume of 10,324 cubic feet per second, that it fell on the 10th to 8,000 cubic fe«t, (»u
t he lltli to 7,000, and on the IGth to 2,000, rising again on the 19th to 5,174 cubic feet.
The effect of the outflow from this flood through the Chicago River into the lake is
shown by the sketch of Mr. Hering. It does not a])pear to have reached the erih
and contaminated the water supply, except at the ]ieriodof niaximmn flood of 10,324
rubi<*. feet per seeond. After the construction of the pro[)08cd new drainas^e chan-
nel, comparatively little water from such a flood wouhl iind its way into tn© river,
even for a brief x)eriod, if the gates (which it is jiroposed to place in the new drain-
age channel) were left opt^n. Ten thousand cubic feet i)er second is to be provided
fur in the new channel, when the syst(>in e<)nt.em])latod by the present law is com-
])lcted, and the floods in the lT]»per l)esj>laines exceeding this quantity are exceed-
ingly rare.
The great facilities of discharge of fioo<ls thrf)ugli the new channel into the Des-
plaines, compared with those existing at ])reaent, if duly weighed and brought into
i-alenlation, indicate that the time of stagnation of m^wage in the river would be
brief. Finally, the Illinois Canal, in the altered condition reco/nmended further on
in this paper, would i)robably jirove suflicient during a flood of the magnitude cited
above, and even unassisted by the new drainage^ channel and the diversion of the
upper Desplaincs, to prevent a pollution of the water supply.
PLAN FOR THE INCREASE OF FLOW FROM THE RIVER THROUGH THE SOUTH BRANCH
AND WEST ynUK TO HRIlXiKPORT.
Lines are. laid down in the sketch accomi)anying this paper to indicat-e the modifi-
cations ne<*essary between liridgeport and the river through the West Fork and
»South Hranch, to secure a uniform width of 160 feet and central depth of l.'S feet,
thus effecting an amelioration of navigation and greater facilities for the dilution of
sewage by the increase of flow from the lake.
DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE FJIOM STOCK YARDS.
It seems tons imperative that all the drainage of the stock yards and packing
liHuses slumld he kept out of tli«^ <'ast and west arm of th<^ South Fork. Oth<»rwise,
from the sizr. of the cross scrtions of those arms, an introduction of fresh water from
the lake, larg<T than <-ouId be removeil by the Illinois Canal, must b6 induced to
]) re vent stagnation.
For the introduction of a sullirient amount of fresh water from the lake into these
nnris the sligh \ «liflerencc of level would enforce the construction of a waterway (eithiT
a r,()n«liiit or open cut) i>f large and costly <limensions if gravity flow alone be uscil.
IMniiping wouhl tht^relbre btj a necessity to increase th(^ head, and consequently to
<iiiiiiiiish llie cross stMttion and cost. However, the value of real estate along the
line of snp})ly would j>rerlii(le the idea of the op<>n «.'.ut and make the adoption of
1 \u'. rondnit j»referal)h^ wh<"never in the future the growth of the city would make a
cnnntM'tion with tlu' lakf at this plac<' a ne<'«'ssit y.
It is tln'ii'lon' Judi^ed ex])edirnt 1o reromniciid that an inter<*ej»ting sewer from
]lMlsi»'a«l stre«'t aloii^ the north("rly line of Ihr ])a('king houses be constru<te«l t»f a
<a|»JU'ity e<iual to tli<* niMximuui How — 38 rubi<' feet per secon<l — of th»ise establisli-
nicuts, and thnt it be ex(»'ndr«l to tlie (^xlrrniity of tlu^ west arm, and h«*re a pump-
ing station, with a i>unip of the ea|)arity of dis<'harg(^ of 7<H) nihii- fe»-t per second.
In- located, drawiiig both from the west arm and the inten-epting sewer, and direct-
ing tlie united «liseiiMrge into a sewer or open cut leading through Thirty-ninth
street, to tlie IJlinois Canal By this un*aus the How from the packing houses will he
ke|>t fnuu stajiiiating and be«'(uning ofl'eiisive, and will be diluted to a greater degree
of purity than tiiat already flowing into the canal. I'his How will not average !n«»re
tii.Mi in hours per <lay.
We inak<.' no estimate of this work, for the rt^ison that it seems to us the expense
should be borne by the private esiablisliments which <*ontrihute so largely to the
nuisauc(! t<» be abateil, and by the city also, which intends to an«l must make use of
it as an iuj])ortant part of the sewerage system.
MODIFICATION OK TIN: ILLINOIS AND MinilOAN CANAL.
After c«)iisi<lerjible deliberation ot' the ijuestion whether to <-ontinue the pumping
static HI :ii riridirej>oi t or t«i <'tlect the traus))ort of sewage along the. <anal by gravity
alone, it i^ ic<'ouiui«'U<Ied to ailo|)t the latter plan. Kv<'n if the former ]>lan were
Mm — 'REPORT rti
(> the propel' petition tj) tiniil.ie tLi! b _
ku ■ri.iiri:' Ui<! rigbt of wftj' ovnr lUr roiitr." tin- tniil tnnU< liiw Iwsii l»iii out, uuu b
dncriptiwii of ilio luniU to tin tokrn for tbo nnnatrimtioa of rbn ilntini^cv c^liMUiel,
fignthrr with pTiitB of the Aiunc, hna hnon ftinilahMl to the attomoy of thi* board.
A MtW KHTIMAI'K III' KXrAVATiaN t>f fHTlPOHKB ItHAIMAdK OHANTHKI. ril UK XADK.
For the piiriiuHH of « mora tharuudb mlinwto af the qDOutTtifU of nuttfirUl to 1m
Bxtarated ftura iIih prupiucil draiuii^ dioniiel, wJilitioiiiil oriwi ■ectlonn nloog tkn
rutit*> witli liiiriD)^ havD hvrv uurlvi'luken And iirA novr ucurly ooinplnted. So tnr u
uan b)) judKwl, u u«w miliuLato ivill not ('Kviwd tliut uf the pri'liminurj' report.
lANNBL AT JOUBT AND rO«
ExtTMit fron pMliniiuKry t«[Kki't of JftitiiM'y 13 iMt :
''Till' \%y> lii'OvidM for the kkw draiiinipi rAnnni.-! to t«nninal« at tfa« uppor bit^A
ftt Joll^t. TliH Miilition of 3(W,t)uO roliin f««t pnr iutnnl«, the oanal eHr.imat«d How of
chautiel, wilt drown ont Lookn 0 aud 6. ConsMiDnntly nonin tul«i(ual« iiioauH moat tx)
dtiviaed to dlHiKiBe of the dischftrga of lbs chaoUDl M tbnt pUivv, ro Ih^il |irop«rt7,
(Mnana, and health iA the Iinnoia Kiv«T Vallvy ahdil not !■« (ii)dan|c«rnd."
Siirveya nnd rontour«d loapii nf porUnna of the ctty of .lolint on *iwh aide of tha
rlvar havo lieen mitdH for the otiidrof thcpralmimtion oftho watvr Wky balowtbM
city, with tho couilltious iiii)>vaed »f nvoidliie nuodinjt tho lFp|)«r Joliet Boaln MUl
drc'iiTiiiiiR »iit Ijocks 6 and li, nod of accaring u tho aaair time mom full Ibr tlie iiiai-
di'ntAl wiitiT power omatud, whii-h, uniler iic(*tion 193 of the dminagn net, thn bawd
lit' irimtci* in cmpDWoroil " to eontrol and dinpoac of."
Some of tliu nwulta i»havp inontioncd t.'«a bo hwiitimI b; tlwi roiuitructiciti of a tnn-
nii^cliiuiii«l anilrr JoUot. or by the Iityjos of a wruught^iran liipf. 24 f«\t in diaine-
tor. ulouE thn bunkn of tho river to notua doaintblB lot-'iilit^ bolow the dty of Joliet.
Snavitja have domuuiitrut«d that dtlier a tunacl or aa iruii-pipe exteiuioti in nntirely^
Sractieablo, nnd tbut if llie pipe be udoptod, Uiat either Hido of th« rivor mav be OMd
ir the nrMtiuu of wheals. IF the flow through the ehitnu»l is 300.000 nibic feet pnr
Dtiniitn, with the net fall at this place of some 4S liwt. the power oblniued will equal
3(),000 net borse-puwer. ullowance lit-ing made for lockaee, and the total cost will bo
amull in eomparison with the vulnp of resiilta.
The cnitiiies of paper milla tuually riio lh« fnll 34 hours for G days in the week, bat
most "t tiie rii;ii]iifiir'Iorii.'« run lint 10 hooTB per day at the maiimiun, and lesson tho
niii.i^. I I'. |i.."..i ii.i. - II |i|ihi'ilii> rontinnoiis, however, and If it were tranaft^rred
bi ili ■ "I t'lucago, it could be nsed for various purposes,
mil h • ||>li''<] to puinpine Bi'wuge, et(i.
Ill- . '<.' I I <'4 StuteH ahoald ailopt the drainage chanutil aa a
jmri <j1 li.i <i I . :.;.ii:<<<i -,'. :< J[i ]>'. in'i'un the Illinojs Kiver and Lake Miehigan, that
tlifj will ruiitinii't 'I loi'k •,( Hiiiiable dimnnsioiis, on » means of commonlcaliou
tt"\u Xbv druiuage channel to thn niipur basin at Joliet.
mcAsOyn run thf croice r
The pOBsiiiililicB of the lllinnis and Michigan Canal as the line of the prinoipul
drnin-ifii' '■hminil wre in>'wtigBled before recommemliiig any route. The difBoul-
ti''f""if lu'iritii'i '.-■"■■iri'i- wiih Ihe " publ io use" during the timtr— say 4. rean — occupied
ill III I <<i Mill <i<'i-iiening of the canal necewury for its convention into tlM
•hi j< < I ni iiost of rock excavation, if this be carried on while U>«
c:iii.il 1' I ' I . ill llie" and nsed also for the tranitport nf sewage, were aeri-
I III' i.i[;;i- 'I'" i lull ibal ilii' lii"- iloiiiaiiilH fi.r Die wi'-itom portion of thedntln-
at;i' ■iiiiini.-l--" iiN ii I- III link— nriili' ii .■\i>i-iluiit !■. :iilii|it tho rBCommonded roiito,
wlii'li iti'iil.l liki-" 1-1' -I [!<■ ii.r I III' ilivcr^TiiTi ul tliti l'|i|>itr I icaplttines. Since that
r')...ri "r liiiM' iii.T.' i^llv iini-iiiiTril til.' yhiiin ••( Mr. Hwing for the divenion of
till' I'lMiir U. ~i>l.iiii>-'. I'ir-i mill ili" iiorili brniK'h nml thou into the lake by a
''hi'iiitji'l :< I llii" iiiiiui illi'. .nil] " I' liuvi' m.iUi' n jieraonal <>xnuunation of the looaJity.
[ti \l[ II -'- i< I'i'E'i I'l .1 111 V 1, IttSl, to the mayor and common council npon hiu
pi-i.ji . ( hi( rill rli\i.i-;i,iL lit ilir I'pptr IMsplttint^s, ho states: "At Sunlmit the drtin-
II be 194 sqnare miles, and the quantity of
•JdJO IM'.l'olM" OF THK CIIIKr OF KNrsiNKKRS, P. S. ARMY.
Icilll |,l»NMn .■.IIIH) 4 llliii li'el piT StM>i>||il ihll itlH lIlMHisAvill liot ll*' ill! «'r«'ff>pt»>«l, litlt.
.IN III loll-. \Nill Hn« ilnwii Mir l>i'S]i1:iiii«*s.
oiir fiini'lusion i^^ in i-ontiniiatitin of oiir provioiiK n^'uiiinu^nHatiuii on tlim HiilijtHl
siiliniittrd In tlir litianl. vi/. thai llie ]i(irtinii of the dniina;;i* chMiiiiol 1i«*yoiid thv
Siiininit hi} usnl as the <livcrsii»ii nl' tho IIi>]ht Dosplaiiu*^. lu this eonuci'tion it viil
Im* sr«u l»y tho rt'ionls oi' x\\v IIoimI, whifh oulmiiiattul on Fehrnary 9, 1887, with a
voliuin- o( IO.IJlM cubic Icct ]>or second, that it loll on the 10th to 8,000 rubie fwft. on
the 1 1th to 7.(^)(). and on the llith to 2,000. risiuf; ajjain ou the 19th to 5,174 cubic fwi.
The ctlV'ct ol' the outflow from this flood throiif^h the Chicago River into the hike is
shown )»y tht- sk»t<'h of Mr. Herin^:. It does n<it a)ipcar to have ri'iicheil the crib
ami (Mmtauiinated the water su}iply. except at the }M'riodof maximum HocnI of 10,31'4
iiihif ftM-t ]»er >;rriunl. After the construction <d" the itntposiMl new flraiiia^e chiiii-
lie]. <-<uiipavatively litth' water from such a ttoml wnnhl find it8 way into thf^ river.
even for a hriif prrind. if the jjates (which it is proposed to place in the new draiu-
aj;«» channels wit*- h-l'i nprn. Ten thousand cuhi«* fret per second is to bw provided
for in th«' new <*hanuel. when the system ef>i!tem]ilatod by the present law is com-
ph'ted. and the thiod.s in the Tpjier Drsphiines e\ci>edin^ this quantity are exceed-
in j;ly rare.
The nrreat faci]iti<s of di^charp* <»f thio<is thinii^h the now channel into the IVn-
phiiues. compared with those rxistin;; at present, if duly weij^hed and brouf^bt into
calculation, iiidirate that the tim(> of sta<;nati(»n of m*. wage m the river would Ih*
hrief. Finally, the Illiiniis (\inal. in the altered condition recqxnmendod further on
in this ]>aper, W(»uhl prf)haldy ]>r(>ve sutlicieiit during a flood of the nia^itiide cited
ahove. and eN<'u unassisted hy the new drainage channel and the diversion of the
u]>p<'r Pesplaines, to prevent a pollution id* the water Hupply.
I'lAX FOR TlIK INrUKASE OK FLOW FltOM THK ItlVKK THROUGH THE 80UTH BRANCH
ANI> WF.ST FOHK To BKIIM.F.PORT.
hewa.Ljc hy the iuiTea.se of lh»w from the lake.
I>ISl'<»sAI. OF SKWACtF F150M STOCK YARDS.
It Seems to 118 ini]M'ra1ive that all the drainage of the Btock yards aud packing
IiHiiscs shoiihl he kept out of the east and west arm (d' the South Fork. Otherwise.
fn»m the si/e of the (■i-o*^^ seitiniis oftliiise amis, au introduction of fresh water from
th.' lake, larirer tiian enuid he removed hy the IIlinoiH Caual^ must b6 induced to
pn'veiit f»ta;;naiion
diIuini^h the emss section and cost. However, the value of ri'^al estate along the
line ot' supply would preelude the idea of the o])eu cut and make the adoption of
the ciuiduit preferahle whenever in the future the growth of the city woolcl makes
eoiinei'tion with the lake at this ]>lace n necessity.
It is therefore judi^ed e\])e<li<>ut to recommend that an intercepting sewer from
ll:i|siiM(I street aloiii; the nort hei'ly line of the packinghouses be constructed of s
eapaeity iMpial to tin* maximinu llow — 38 ciihic feet per second— of these establish-
ments, ami t]i:it it he extended to the extremity of the west arm, and here a pump-
iii«i -elation, wiili a ]iuiu|i tif th»' caj)a<-ity of discharge of 700 cubic feet per second.
lie joi-ated, dniwin^ Inith from the west arm and the intercepting sewer, and direct-
I'
ihiiii H) liours ]M-r day.
W e iiiiike no estiiii:ii(> of this work, for the reason that it stwms to ns the expenpe
slionlil lie home }iy the private est ah1i*>hmenls which contribnte so largely to ths
nni^Min'c lo he ahaii-il, and hy the city also, which intends to and must make use of
ii :!'• an iinp<Mt:int part of llor jscwi'raice s>stem.
MoHIFirviIoN OF TMi: ll.l.lXois .\M) MICHIOAN' CANAZm
M'li-i • on<iileiMl)le dcliherMtioii (it' the ((ue>tiiui whether to continue the pnmpiBf
si.iiiiin .-It i;riii.:e]Mii t oi (o i-tieei the rraiispori of s«' wage along the canal by gravity
al'MH-. !i i^ ii-> oiMitieniii'd to .idopt the latter plan. Kven if the former plan weis
APPENDIX M M — HKPORT OV CAPrAlN AUUSU.U,L. 2G21--"
Ti^Muuil it wunld Btill liecoiue oeceBaary, in \iow of iDtronalng thn llom, to ilt^pi-ii
the canal in order to olitain thp ncceBBarf otuM anction for thn trnnBiMirt of sewagr.
Tim plan by frftvitfttion tnrolves sinkioK the Ixrttoto of Ihf cunnl ii* I'nr nn thn 1ir>ti
look, lowiring the woter niirfsm about Sf f»»t, with Urn moaificntion of thnl Inok
rniKlaiwd nacMaary by thiit rhsage, luuniuiLus the uroiu nnirtion nnil diachu-gn, and
pro villi ng au overflow.
Ttin disrbarge iato the raunl will be, avvunlitiK to the fluotnntioii of thn lake, tmm
1,300 to l,eOO onbio feet p<M' iweoiKl, or TJ.OM to 00,000 (Mibiu fi>et iirr iiiinTito.
EntiniKtc of cost of roiOc aud earlh osonvaliun aud of rlmuicu of look ut ltTi(lxc]>ort
and Look No. 1 ut LorkiMrt, «9,aHI.(HK).
In Addition, bnl tli« mwt not twtimatnd, tfavre oiiiitt bv aoine d^jkugca iu Uin u|i)>li-
cation of wutor-power at Norton & C'n.'e will*, ou lh« cnuul \l l.ookporl, on uctioital
of the lowering of the hnul of water.
Wu have expriissfd our iirufeience fur the kImivo «chtime of maklbg the (low iu the
c anal hy gruvitiition, lint wo have (Linn <«tuiinteil the rort of escavutlon Ibt ;i litTKer
niparilj of flow in the onnal hy niiiiiiw. prcnerrinK tho priwent level nearly, liiit
never exi^eedinu it, ami rediiriag the lift ut llridgoport to inrreaiM tliu dlwhur)^ of
the pumuti. All exi^iiviitioii ilone nnder thiH •oh«rau ia no mncli TowanU thai uccch-
sary for i he How by Kruvitntimi.
LatiiiiHtiul post i>t'iiiL'rfA3in>! the section of the IlUuxiii Uatial and main tain ins ml
increasod dow by puinpiuf!, $1,»<00.000.
Kelropt from official report of nriitgrjuirt fiainpi»g tourfat.
n eoniplett rvpiln af aUUMpniBtM,]
FULI.KRTOS AVKSUK POMPINO STATION ANB BOWJUNVtLLB.
In (iiir pri'TioiiB rF]i«rt we rironiniFDdeil the increiuiine of thn dlwiluirKi* uf Ibo
Kiill<Tt<m .tvenui' nimips, but it in donbtfnl if thii conld be effeftoil without tho
HiilisiiiiiliiiLi 'if iiiliiT |mni|if-, nnd as by the rsport of the eoinmis.^ii'.in'r of |i'ilili"
" p.i I. - ill. ilii I ■ ■■!' i!ii-i ii'iii:;iH M very small, it wonld he wmi'm ■ i" -n nh''. 'u w
I !■- ^| rrirduigly, ns the change is ■■.I. I
;- lif plncBil at llowuiftAville iu-1. .!■ i i i-.n
i.\ir,i. ii. Niirtli Dranch, as the sreaof dn<'l I . ■ '• i ii-
IV Ilii. |it;ii-lr' (jf sewngu, and it beronc^ 1 Im 1 ■ :''i . u I
1. ' I ^I'liiL' 'ind flushing Btation qm Iliwniils.
I i. I KiiwrnaDTillH to supply water for Itnshii^
II -I "I ;-.,.,, , I t . I n tliu lake ut BowmnnviUn and thp North
lli.tii'li <>i ih< t l,...ii:i: l:..>i it.>^ I'M I. <..>iiuiatodon the buisof thfle<mtitrn<'ti«D of
II Hi-lriiil lirii'k I'liiittiiLl. ivilli .1 piiiiipin;,' -'iii^iic similar tJi thn wwuKe eugino .tt Mil-
wuuket'. nii.h linilrrs, PTigiuc rocsma, water gateH, etc., ut tlio liike, iiU complete and
ill wurkliiKorib-r.
Conduit ---- BicKi.rion
Piimpinj; ensinK, hoinw, >■['■ _ ID.OMI
It bus Iinl ^'■'■11 iiiMtidi'rcil iiei-PMnry iit present to entiitinte for B diliilleat.- KTii-iiii-.
lii'.'lir lli,>ci :}l>lYi(Nji.>il>it' in-l, uiilesa Ihv Uniteil ^tuK-s should
2(524 ui:port* of the chief of engineers, u. s. army.
HK1»<H!T OF SAMUEL G. ARTING8TALL, CHIEF ENGIXEEK, TO BOAllD OK TRUSTEES OF
CHICAGO SANITARY DISTRICT, ON FEASIBLE ROUTES FOR DRAINAGE CHANNEL
BETWEKX BRIDGEPORT AND SUMMIT.
] liave tlio liouor to submit the following report with map aud estimates, showing
four fc:isil)l<' routes for the main drainage <>haimel between Bridgeport and Summit,
Avitli <-<niiparativo estimates of the cost of the same.
As the rout(*ssho>yn are wholly in earth excavation, the channels have been taken
of siiHicicut size and capacity to maintain at all times a continuous flow of not less
than SOO.IMK) rubic feet of water, and a depth of not less than 14 feet.
In making the estimates, wherever practicable the right of w^ay is sufficient to i»nj-
vide for the deposit aiul storage of spoil during the construction of the work.
Four routes are considered.
First. Commencing in the West Fork of the South Branch at Western avenue, and
following the line of the Ogden Ditch to Summit.
Sec'ond. Commencing at the junction .of the Ulinois and Michigan Canal and the
South Fork of the Chicago" River, and following the line of the canal to Summit.
Third. Commencing at the end of the west arm of the South Fork near Western
avenue, tlicnce westward along Thirty-ninth street to the Illinois and Michigan
Canal, thence westerly along the canal to Summit.
Fourth. Follows the pr(*ce<ling route to the canal, where it crosses and continues
in a northwesterly direction to tiie Ogden Ditch and along this ditch to Summit.
As it is iui])eratiw) that the great pollution in tbe SoutTi Fork, caused mainly by
the drainage of tbe stock yards an<l packing houses, should be provided for, and as
this can not be rea<'hed directly by routes 1 or 2, a smalh^r channel to provide for a
flow of 60,000 cubic feet per minute, commencing at the west end of the West Fork
and discharging into the main chaimel, has been included in the estimates for those
two routes.
Koutes 3 aud 4 I would respectfully reconunend to your favorable consideration,
for thf^ reiison that the total volume of 300,000 cubic feet i)er minute will pass through
the whole length of the South Branch and the West Fork of the Sou tii Branch, and
will insure 'a regular and constant circulation and change of water in the most ]H)1-
luted part of the stream, and this without any additional channels or pumpiuf^ sta-
tions, with the attendant expense of maintenance and operation.
As the east arm of the South Fork is private property and not a natural channel,
it seeuis to me that the parties owning and using it should be at the ex])en8o of abat-
ing the nuisance.
The use of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, or any part of it, involves the removal
of the present jtumping station ami locks at Bridgeport to a jN>iut west of the main
channel, where it occupies the line of tht; canal.
In my o])ini(>n no serious inteiTUption to navigation or pennauent injury will be
done to the canal by the nse of any imrtion of it as a part of the main channel.
I estiuiat<^ the total coat of Channel No. 1 from Western aveiiiu^ to Sum-
mit, by w:iy of 0*:<leu I)it«h, at $2, lOP, 791
Chaimei No. 2, fVoiii rivrr to Siiininit by way of Illinois and Michigan
( anal, at '.....!.,. 3, 367. 313
('haiiiHl No. I), Iroin cm] i>f uest arm of South Fork along Thirty-iiiuth
street to ejinni, then by eanal ronte to Snnunit, at 2, 689, S72
Cliannel No. 1, lollowing sann* rout«' to canal, \vhi<'h it «'rosses, then iu a
nortlnveslern direetion to ( )g«ieu Hiteh, tln^n along the Ogden Diteh to
Suimiiit. at 2, 227. :W2
On :ieeonnt olthe i>roxiinit.v of railr(»ad tra<k for a long «listaiiee on both banks of
the eanal, eonsideralih" of tlie excavated material, when \hv <'anal is enlargiwl to a
snital)]*' si/.e, will lia\e to he removed by rail or vess«'l, and tV>r this proper allowance
has been niaile in the otimaies.
It i«< not to be understood from tin* foregoing that Mi(a<* is recomiiien<leda prosecu-
tion ni' the work troni ('lii<'a^<» to Summit only. On the «'ontrary, s(» far as th«
means oft lie di-^trict would i»ermit, there should be a line of ojn-rations on the entire
mute simultanenusly. or a be;rinning of the work at the lower end of the route at
.Foliet and working nortli wards.
The <ost (d' rigjit of way has not been made, as this department has not been
ilirected to I'stimate this subject.
This deiiarlimrit is u<»w inve,siij[»at in>^ in further detail the route tor thecontinnii-
t inn of till- main rjiaiinel iVom tlu' Sunnuit to . I (diet, and \\'\\\ gi\ e you th<> results at
tlie ealliesl |)<»>.ilde time.
As .NtMMi a-< \ our hnuoraldc ImmIn ran, alter dm* didiheiat ion. ti\ t lie routi' for a |Mir
tioiinrllie whole of leniTtli id' the main channel. 1 w i.sh to commence an<l |>re]»ar(t
forking ihawinjis. s)M'citicat ions, t-tc., so as to he reatly to commence operations by
the lime you have aiquired the right of wa>.
APPENDIX MM — RBPOET OF CAPTAIN MAK3HALI,, 2623 ^
Mraiif of anal</it» of tmiO'jt aample* fretiilM jirim •« parlt pm- jitilUim).
[B; Frof. 3. B. Long-]
H!
i
Ittead si imt sod Thlri;ntiiUi, Vov.
•Dd M. Cia»l U BrtdOKiwrt, O
lo Dm. M, iDoliulie. ISU
ilD ntr«Bt, Soocb Bnucli, Dec. X ta
ilrt7'Bmi' >lnM linl' Bm^ Forki '
Bnmch. Kov. 11, im
Polk Stmt BrUin, Soolb BnuBb,
Mot. nun
MiWwm B«n«t Bridge, S««tb StmuA,
NuT.aS, IWO
Simla Bln«t Bridge, Hortli Brush,
Not. 37, IMO
OoOH lalwd, NorUi Bnumh, NaT. IT,
ITiJlnlm ■ Annae' "Bridiw; ' B.i^ '
BrtDch, IIoT.28, ISBO .."....
( IvUnirr Plare Brldgs. Mortb Bnusb,
5, Ml. I 9,Mklfl
iriil-tHit Kli'Kt and TlilTty-nluQi.
J^
7u.n
23. SS
li.. Ill "1(1.., Nl>rtB
■ Urirtg... Smlh"
2626 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
The cost of right of way is not ineludod iii tho foregoing estimates. The spoil is
to be deposited on the bank on each side of the channel, excepting a small portion
of the rock, which can be used in buihling walls^ dams, etc., below Lockport.
Respectfully submitted.
'SA3IUEL G. ARTINGSTAIX^
Chief Efigtnear,
The honorable Board of Trustees op the Sanitary District of Ciucaoo.
Junk 20, 1891.
REPORT OF MR. W. M. CHILDS, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
Kampsville, III., July 1, 1891,
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report for improving Illinois River,
for tho year ending June 30, 1891:
LA GRANGE LOCK.
Material was purchased for building 2 pile revetments, each 240 feet long, one to
be built above the lock, the other below and both to join the land-wall. The i)ile revet-
ment below the lock was built during tlu^ nu)nth8 of October, November, and Decem-
ber, and is 307 feet long; 6o feet l)«'iug awing across the downstream end. The
material used in this ]>Lle rovetuicut ik 1U7 oak piles, 292,0 by 12 inch oak sheet piles,
of the *•' Wakeftohl " patent, 014 linear f(»ct of 6 ]>y 12 inches and 307 linear feet of 2 by
12 in<*h oak wales, about 270 linear feet of 10 by 10 inch pine wales and 42 tic-nKlM.
The anchor piles were driven 18 feet ]>aek from tlie face oi' the dike. Tlie part of tho
dik<; where tht^ wing joins the main dike was ho far from the bank that when the soft
tilling material was cast back of the sheet i>ile8 by the dredge the sheet piles gave
away slightly, taking the anchor piles with them. The ^'operating and cju'e" force
rem<)ve«l some of the lllling along the nhcet i>iles and pulled the dike back to its
original position. About 275 linear feet of the old cofferdam were cut to pieces down
to the U-tbot stage; 70 tie-rods were removed and saved. Eave-gutt4>r8 and con-
ductor-si>outs were put on the lock superintendent's house and a cistern of about
6,000 gallons (capacity wa^ built. A bank of 700 cubic yards of earth was put around
the foundation of the lockhouse to protect tho cellar.
LA GRANGE DAM.
strip of rii)rai)j)ing, 107 (.'ubi(t yards, was ])lace(l against tho slu'ct piling, on tho till-
ing ;ilK)ve the dam. On<' th<»usan(l eii^lit hnmlred and one cubic yards (»f ripra[>ping
wtT(^ ])lacod below the dam. When* there, is no ajiron more stone was used and
ma(b; to 1m^ ofthc^, same cross sertion as rlscwhert? below the <lam. The roj)ing and
l)ile caps of the apron, over tln^ d«>wnstrcani row of piles, had raised a little from the
j)iles; where the coping and string«u's \ven» up tbcy w<»re drawn and haninimMl
down and s«M'urcd in place by long drift bolts driven slantingly thron;;h the cojdng
and caps an<l into tin* i)iles. The <'orners, wln're tln*n|)i>eraud lower ]>ile r(r\ ctnicnts
join the east abutment ot'th(? dam, were tilled with concrete to prevent the material
of tliH revetment IVoin washing out. The ])ile revetnu'ut below the east abntnnnt
was extended "JCh) linear fe«'t farther down the river, making the revetnii*nt below tho
ejist abutment 'MO f(»et long, iu^ht <lays of casting were done by the (lre<lg<- to
get the neerssary material back of th(^ sheet pilesto Ijll out the slope where the eddy
had cut tlie bank away. After the tilling was cast back of the sheet piles, 917 cubic
yards of it were moved with wheel scrapers, gradin.:;: ihe slopes liipraj) was put
ahuig outside of the sheet piles and U]> the slope to the l2-fo()t stag<'; the followni«c
materials w«;re used in the extension of this revetment : 05 ])iles, 2X8 "Wakefield
gratled.
8NA(}(H\(J.
A small <;rew, with the steamer Enterprise and dretlge, removed 22 snags from the
channel at McOee Creek.
APPENDIX MM — -EEPOET OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 262T;
BAMP8Vlia.E LOCK.
In Dupumlier most of the plant wns morocl frora Ln OranKO Lock to KftmpBTills
Loc'kftilp Mtnl llio I'roliniiniiry work of iaftOK tlio luck wnlls liiignn. Drawings nnd
liilbi of [fiuti-tiiil worn prepurpil for tho Iravtvlnr (iMtlc, itoraUoiisn mA bouriliug-
buiwi. Tb..f<.ll<.iviiii'm!.l..riiiUwori'rofoivi«.l: F.>rboiisc8,tH,(100fBot B. M.of liini-
b<>r, OS.onO iliiiiicltiH, e& viiwlavra, 43 doura, nuil U 30-foal and 3 2t-fiiat nak sticks
for fuiiutliition |ioatti; for ttnwler aud milroad truilloit.ST.TDOfonl nf pino, 9,SS0ro«t
of elm, 3,TS0 fuet of oak, 700 »1m ties, ZOS 26-ruul uuk piled. SB 10-fout nak iMsta.
4,0U ituunds of iron (bolbt, niiti, an<l WMhonj, I.iOO poiiuilit of apikt«, and 12.5S9
poaniu of rniltoxd iron f rails, flah-iilates, bolta, ancl gpikonj ; fur Rtono-cnn, piiuiii,
plfttfonn, und floors foe piling aanil and coal un, 11.000 fept of elm. Eieht liiiiidnjd
and fort;-<>ieht tons of conl ir^ra roMJved at C<ilaoib[Ana »nd lruu«rHrr(>d to tbe lot^k
Bite. Four Enndred and ninety cDbtc yards of aauil, fur 1») iujc th« luck vralL), wotfl
received. A slip 110 feet long by 33 feut iride, giriug a di<|ith of'l foet at Inw water
(at t be time it iraa flnixhe'l). vraa dtcdgiid along thr smitli .'liib'iif Ibu Rdlroiicl trMtle
at Colnmbiaua: to fiicilitHts the work of trnTisft-rii't" <" ''.v \ikV ultu tlit< iii»lvrlal
received by ntil, a cbiite was bniltat tbin nlir i' ' ' -i. ■■■:■,.'■ ■■■\]. TliiibniNli, wbk-li
had grown on thii ruwrviition and eo(rrrdiirn ■:■ ■■ n-i.in of work, wan ent
andbumnd. Ariiiii;bt topof^upbiuulmap",i- '.■■■ k i^roiind.iitiowinKtUa
frncaa, hoiMnB, cofferdam, Htonc piW. aiul 1 i >' . ..m '. I'Un blgli water* had
deposited mild on the fuundatiim tn within l>'ri<< ilinn ii lout b<-lciw low water; to ro-
ffloro this deposit, a cut Was droflgi'd tbri'ii;;b th(i uuH'urdam iiod drodgns were Piit at
work div<l)cing tliti mad into dnniri K'litvH; tbu dri<<l)-iai; wua cuRUDrnDul withlu th«
look pit February 17 and mupundi-d Jnne 30; fcniii .\|iril I to May 18 dmlflug wm
■aspundud Uopaiiauuf tlioUiKu water; in mnkiuKtlieiml tltruughLueooffordiua, 1,000
cubic ,v[irtl«ufiii:iU-tiul«-ireri'nioved. There were 35.1U cubic yard* ofniud roraoir«.i
off from llii> (niiiidulion bv "iir dipper drwl([BB, moHl of this luuteniil iwlng diURpOil
™«t oflli.. .biiniivl, iiLovulbe »il" of th« daui. Frum JnnP 11 loJuneW a 12- inch
ocntiifiifiul "Hud |iiim|>, idiiirlcred of the Enulc Snnd (-''iiji|>:iny. of St. Loiiiii, wan at
wurk ilu.v uud uijjht Iryiug to imtaii luud uK* l'"•'1^ I'u- I'otitni'iii'.u, Where the iiedi-
luent IT UN HO It the piim|i voiild Iiike It up roi'i '' '- '"i i >^ ' i li'' ti'dimpnt wtui hard
the piim|) could do vary little toward rerim -...>,< re built wi that tho
materiiil the pump raiaud waa e4irrl«>d over ii< i . .i ... ' i>i tlie luok pit. It U
difUi'iiU tu estimate bow much mnd tho l';:i;;ii. •■ . i.| ' i.'np my* [iiimp romoved uff
frum the loiiudHtiiiu. but I'roiu Houii'liuKs tiil(i-ii ii i» u|>j>:ir''nl Ibiit very little wiMt
aocompliahed. A 1,200 cauiUe power '■ VVHUa light "■ wna uxed for our nijtht work.
One buoilroil and thirty-two pilus of the old cofferdam were pnlleil, Tliu two wlii
6-lnch eontrifiiifal pumps that were used heretofore to pnmn ont Ihia and tho 1<A
Graiii-e n>t)'<'td..iu9 Here fiirni.-hed with new frameoandpInMil 2 fMt hxlow thf levd
III' III iii.l <ii .:.. t'l;. |.iLiii|i^ .■.,!, lie lowered 4 feet below the level of the fi>mid»-
[ i . '- '.i.!.|.- iimI I iiLrinfM to drive the pnmjis were also plai'e.1 ruitdy
t'i:i ^^ 'I . i t < !<' in L l<- ^vi[b our pumps and they seem to bo in good wurk-
III.' I'- . i. . ..< I'liJi Miii-s ciitild fw set a wreck-heap of timlK-m and drift
n piles were drivpo. e-iKht to siiiiiiort the
■ ' - - " ' • lilirc«lor
Drriiqr Xn. 1. — Four new timber heads were mode: the npper hearing of the awine^
tn}; "h lit wuA at ri-n);;l1i,'Ue I hy (wii braces made of railroad rails; anewbidnting nhilb
and iqiidur, a new buckiuf; cb;iio, new plUow-ldook cup, new knncklu on hoisting
drum, iii'H' 4-incli sniiijjin;; shaft, and four new rubber bumpera for the Bwin;^ng-
sbnl't c.irrl.i^ib were piirchnsed; 60 square yards of new citnvaa were put on the roof
nnd pidnli-d two coats; the last pikint of coikt was sanded; the friction btocka on the
hoiHiiiig drum were net out far enough to give five-eighths of an inch of wood to be
wDrn ^iway ; a n^w v;ilve atnm wna mnde for the muinenginee; thevapeton waaover-
baiilcil nnd repaired ; nine teeth in the crown wheel were repaired.
Ih-.-i'tje So. .'.—Tile iTns*hend fnime of the crniio was reinforced by 31 hy fi-innb
iniii !4rnipd; two new s]>nds were Atled with heavy rocks; a Mt of now dipper han-
dlcH were m-tde; the ernue yolk, di]>per latch, latoh lever uid guard, pilfotr-blook
kcv, biii«(Lin;-diiim Ifver, fri'i tiun belt, liiickiug ehain, apud-bloek stUTUps and Ua-
ii.irx U< I". Ill iire-(.,>\,.fl «-.-ie iviriired: ji 20 Ij.v ») inch patch wu pat on one boUnr
anil l..iir tiil.r-i \ii-i, put in; tlie tmi -liii- drum iVictiou-l.locks wcroBetont Cireuoogh
til ^iii :.\i. . ii;lit]i- 1.1' :iii iiir.li !•! wipini ii> be ivi.rii away; four n<>w rubber humpora
were pill 111! --"ill-Ill^' mIiiih viniii^;, ; w new Btiinip was made for tbe Bteni ipud;
tile A lii.iee-. :ii 111,- iini iii'ilie tniKs inrii ri^ Ln f-nced by new angle irona; seven new
stud IkiUs were put. in tlie etiMtu c1iii»t of une of the main engines; a bnlkheftd be-
tween the engine and boilers was built and painted; 65 Bqu»re yards of new oui-
\
2628 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
vas wore pnt on tho roof and painted two coats; tholast coat was sanded. While
dredging part of tlie mnd olf from the Kampsville Lock foundation the 2^yaid di]i-
per was nsed instead of l^yard dipper.
SteaniboatH. — ^Tlie Hebe' a new boiler has leaked a good deal at the ends of the tabes;
tho tubes were calked several times; the engine levers were move<l from alons the
lioiler aft of tlie boiler, where the engineer can see both engines as he han<lle8 them;
the boiler was covered with cement felt 1^ inches thi(ik, and the steam pipes were
covered with asbestos felt; a new stork was made for the rudder; a hood was
put at the sides and bark of the ash pan, to prevent the dust from the ashes flying
back on tbe engines; new buckets of elm were put on tho wheels, care being takeu
that tho wheels were balanced; the pillow blocks of the wheel shafts were blouked
up and new vaj} and holding-down bolt^ were made; anew liagstaft*, three new cart-
ings with light chains, thrt^e new stanchions, and five new fenders were made; the
hull and woodwork was thorr)uglily painted ; an engineer flag was furnished.
Knterpr'tHv. — A new wheel flange, twelve new double extra heavy gas-pipe wheel-
arms, and tlin^e new heavy burkets wero ])ut on the whe.els; the engine bods were
more securely bolte.<l to the floor l)e.jniis; the engines were thoroughly overhauled
and the shafts lined; two new chiniue.ys were i)urch:ised; the sides of* the furnaces
were lined with conmion fire brick in^lcMid of the tile formerly used; both of tbe
boilers over the furnace were pat ehe< I and lifty-nine now tubt^s ]>ut in; the cabin
was closed around the boilers and a i)artiti<)n built between the boilers and engines;
the out8i<le of th<^ cabin was painted; two new rudder stocks and one new mdtler
were mach.'; 20() sipiare feet of new dockiug were laid in th> engine-room; four new
hatches were nuuh;. The Enterimnv. sunk in 9 feet of water, March 21, but was
raised and jnit to work, having lost 3 days' time.
Ban/es and soowh. — ^The 18 by 50 foot barge was hauled out on tho ways and short-
ened to 40 feet; tho bottom, sides, and rakes were calke4: the top streaks of both
gujiwales, the plank shear, and nosing were renewed. The 20 by 100 foot barge was
hauled out on the ways and 2 head blocks, 4 corner-rake timbers, 24 pieces of rake
plank, 44 liuear feet of nosing, 2 linear feet of plank shear, and 31 square feet of graven
pieces were mad(j an<l put on; all tlu^ seams were calked. Tho dump scows were
being eontinuallv rejjaired, and then trould not be made to do their work.
Shop. — A new 20-inch nosing was pnt on the boat and 4 hatch gratings were
repaired; a foundation was built at Kam[)sville and tho shop moved £om tho barge
to it.
The small i>ro vision house on one of the 16 by 33 foot barges was made into an ice
house.
Office boat. — The skylight was covered with now canvas (85 sfjuaro yards) and
paint(>d two coats; the last coat was sanded; the woodwork inside and out wiuj tlior-
onglily i»aiute(l, two new smokestaeks were put up, <mt^ new fender, two new kevelH.
and one end-ch(irk were made; the rooms in the after part of the boat were cliange<i
so as to give more dining-room space.
BuiUUnfjH for Kampscille Lock ami Dam. — ^The (dd 10 by 72 foot two-story boarding-
house was moved down to Kampsville Lock from La(irange LiK'k. Four new build-
ings w*'re ere<t<Ml as ibllows: A two-story boardiiig-hcuise 18 byKX) feet, with a oiie-
story 18 by oO-Untt L; a two-story sleeping: liouse 18 by 30 feet, a It by 18 foot bakery,
and a 20 l)y ;}8 foiit storehouse. The storehouse was ]»lace<l on jwsts abr»ve higli
water; the twt>-story liouse used by tiio watchman and his family duriuij: the j>ast 0
years was fitted up tor forenu^ii's quarters. These six buildings and the small house
the ganleiier livts iu were whitewaslied.
Vilf (friro'.s. — Mighty new tubes were put in the boiler of on(^ ])ile driver; half of
the fri'tinii Idocks ot" auotlier were renewed and one set of new cylinder rings were
])ut in ; tli(? cii;^incs of both droj)-liammer driAers were thoroughly overbaulf*! and
are iu gtiod condition.
Pcrr'u'lK. — The nia-il of one derrir-k at Fia Orange was filled with new wof>d; the
woodwork <ii' the tliiec at Kampsville was all renew«'d; the masts are 20 feet high
and tlie booms tO f<M*t loiiix.
I'nmp'nuf Hunhinii}/.- 'Vho New Era boilers ami engines, that will bo used to ilrive
the puin[)s, were extensively rejiaired; the fire boxes were relined and tifty-tivenew
tubes were ))ut in; two new smokestacks w«*r»' i»urchascd; the oldO-ineh <entrifug:»l
fmni|>.-i were also ]»ut in pretty good condition, the shafts were straightened and
ilie<i and bn\es babbitted.
Sfinn- i-avi*. — 'IMn- tVauies of I'igbt stone cars were ren«'.wed.
Tranhrs. — Tin- engln«'s of tbe two ov<'rhea<I tiaveli-rs were ovr-rhanled and put
in runnini; oidi-r; oim» bridg*- was rebuilt, tlie sjian biiiii^ eiiange<l iroin 21 feet to 'M.i
fe«'t; tlu! bridgt^ of the otiuT traveler \\ill be rebuilt and the span iucrea.">e<l to oO
feet.
Skifff. -The skitis were kept rcjiaii-cil and ]i. tinted.
TouIh. — The tojds in general use wert^ k<?pt iepaire«l.
The plant on this work is very mmh tleterioraied, so that constant and exx)ensive
APPENDIX MM — ^REPOKT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2629
repairs fail to kettp it in sv ^aod working coiulition. The drcdgcti and dnni}) 8(u»wb
can not bo made to do half tlic work tlioy should.
Two wells for the use of the employds were dug on the United States reservation
at Kampsville Lock.
The following work is estimated as necessary to entirely finish the work at La
Grange Lock : Place 2,500 cubic yards of stone below the dam ; finish filling the pile
revetment below the lock, and build the revetment above the lock ; build permanent
quarters for the lock-keepers; place 9,300 cubic yards of earth nlling around the
superintendent's house.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. M. Childs.
Asaistani Engineer,
Capt. W. L. Marshall,
Carps of Engineer 8, U, S. J.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS.
The following figures are taken from the annual report of the Merchants' Exchange,
St. Louis, Mo., for the calendar year 1890.
Arrivah and departures of steamboats and barges at St. Louis, Mo., via the Illinois Hiver,
Month.
January..
February.
March . . .
Aittil
May
June
Julj ....
Arriv-
Depart-
als.
ures.
6
"i
7
11
16
13
13
12
13
16
15
10
Month.
August ...
Sept«*mber
Octol)cr . . .
^November.
December .
Total.
Arriv-
als.
12
4
7
e
8
101
DeiMrt-
ures.
12
5
7
6
1
06
Ueceipts and shipments in tons via the Illinois Miver, at 8t, Louis, Mo,, 1890,
January..
February
March..'..
Ainll
May
June
July
Month.
Kccoipt^.
1, 7.30
1,900
3, 2l.'>
4, 295
2,490
2,435
Shi]>.
ments.
420
150
730
465
Month.
August ...
September
Octobor ...
Novi'iuber.
December .
Total.
Beceipts.
2,205
1,030
2,090
1,150
230
22, 770
Shi;
rneni
its.
430
260
475
660
40
3.620
The estimated local tonnage on the Illinois River during the year 1890, not report-
ing at St. Louis at aU, is from 75,000 to 115,000 tons, making the entire tonnage of the
river, including receipts and shipments at St. Louis, from 100,000 to 140,000 tons a
year, varying with the stage of water in the river.
The following figures of "business passing through the Henry and Copi)eras Creek
locks were fumi.shed by the collectors stationed at the locks.
Uenry Lock, — The aggregate tonnage of boats passing through this lock during the
calendar year 1890 was 44,849 tons.
The commodities carried through the lock are as follows :
Tons.
Grain 8,750
Coal, hay, and iron 650
General merchandise 378
Total 9,778
Passengers carried 4, 873
About 25 per cent, should be addod to the above for freight and passengers carried
over the dam at high water stages.
2630 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AITMY.
On the stretch of the Ulinoin River from IVoriu to Henry daily trips are luiule by
steamboats, which carried not less tliau 7,000 pasHojicrers and 150 tons of freight dur-
ing the calendar year which are not included in the lock reports.
Copperas Creek, — Freight passing lock :
Tons.
Grain 4,907
General merchandise 2, 058
Coal 1,065
Total 8,090
The aggregate tonnage of boats passing the lock is 32,191 tons.
MM 5.
OPERATING AND CARE OF. LA GRANGE LOCK, ON ILLINOIS RIVER,
ILLINOIS.
Under the indefinite appropriation for " operating and care of canals
and other works of navigation," as provided by section 4 of the river
and harbor act of July 6, 1884, the La Grange Lock has been operated
and kept in repair duiing the past fiscal year.
Nine hundred and eighty-five lockages were made, showing an in-
crease of 44 per cent, in the number of steamboats, and 31 per cent, in
the total number of lockages over a similar length of time the year pre-
vious. The valve gearing of the lock was repaired; the approaches to
the lock kept dredged, the old cofferdam removed; and nearly 22,000
cubic yards of dredged material filled in back of the land w^aJl, and as
backing to the dam. The Government reservation was cleaned oflf,
graded, sown in grass, and feiuted in. The lock force, when not engaged
in operating or repairing the lock, were kept at workcm the revetments
of banks above and below the lock, and in grading and keeping clean
the United States hn-k grounds.
A centrifiigal pump and attachments were purchased for a pump
dredge to keep clean of mud tlie gate and valve recesses of this lock,
but tlic pump has not been m<miitc(l.
Tlic amount expend(Ml during tlie year is $9,275.03, a detailed state-
ment of which is liercwith.
Under the sjiinc aj)i)ropriation it is ]U'oi)osim1 during the fiscal year
ending »June 30, 1S92, to operate the lock and k(»ei> it in rei)air, and to
maintain by dicMl^ing the present depth in the ap]U'oaches to the lock
and in the pool above it, for which an estimate of $10,000 is nuide.
Money stiff cm ent,
July 1, 1890, amonnt nvnilsiMe $10,720.00
June 30, ISill, amount expended during fiHcal year 9, 275. 03
July 1, ISOl, hiilaneo unexpondod 1,444.97
July 1, l«i)L, outstanding liabilities 834.47
July 1, 1891, balance available 610. 50
APPENDIX MM — REPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2631
Expended dnring thefinval year endiny June SO, ] SOI, from tlw. indvJinUe appropriation for
^* operating and care of canals and other work)* of navigalion " iii operatiny and keeping
in repair the Jxi Grange Lock, on the Illinois Jiirtir,
Services of look tenders and watclimcn $4, 035. 90
Services of crews of dredge and tcjiuler 1, 247. 02
Fuel for dredge and tender 502. 80
Ballasting and framing La Grange Dam^ labor 57. 45
Repairs and supplies to plant ()80. 19
8pud racks for (ure<lgofl 73. 64
Valvi^ gearings for lock gates 32. 27
Repairs to lock gates and valves, labor 518. 36
Oil and supplies ft)r lighting lock 96. 49
Subsistence stores anil labor 926. 34
lulling back of lock house, labor 6. 50
Building pile revetments, labor 666. 18
Tie rods' lor pile revetmonts 12. 62
Lumber for repairs to lock gates 52. 00
Cistern for lock house 8. 25
Supplies for employes' quarters 44. 28
Diving dress, for use in examining lock valves 41. 15
Tools, etc 6.00
Posts and wire for fencing I Inited States lock land 44. 42
Miscellaneous labor earing for lock 118. 20
Grass seed for sowing lock grounds 8. 10
Mileage 37.92
Toilet sui>plies for ofiice 2. 25
Stationerv 18. 45
Rent of telephone 31.25
Rent of post-office drawer 4, 00
Traveling expenses 3. 00
Total 9,275.03
REPORT OP Mil. W. M. CIIILDS, ASSISTANT E^^OmEER.
Kampsville, III., July 1, 1892.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report for the operating and care of
La (Grange Look, Illinois River, for the year ending June 30, 1891:
The river was closed by iee during the first 20 days of January, and no boats
passed the locks. During the year 985 lockages were made. A tabulated statement
of the lotrkages and a list oi the names of the steam vessels that have passed
through the lock are hen^with.
Comparing the lockages of last year, from October 21 to June 30, with the same
I>eriod of this year an increase is shown of 31 per cent, in the total number of lock-
ageSf and an increase of 4 1 i>er cent, in the number of lockages of steam vessels.
For a short time during the winter the lock force was reduced to the su[)erintend-
eut and two watchmen. As the spring navigation opened the force was increased to
one superintendent, one blaiksmith, one cari)entor, and three lock-tenders.
Repairs. — During the low-water season of IXIM) five of the u]»per valves could not
be opened with the head against them. A div^er was sent down to examine these
valves, and he found that the valve supports had settled until the si>ur segments
were too low to engage with the pinions. These five pinions were taken off and re-
placed by others of <liameter large enough to make them mesh properly with the
spur segments on the valve shafts. Tbe valves of the lowcjr gates, Nixteen in num-
ber, proved to be too hard to open with the head of an ordinary stage of the river
against tliem, so intermediate shafts and gearing were added to increase the power
of moving the valves about 2^ times. Two spur wheels of this new gearing broke
and were renewed. The flooring on the tops of the upper gates was taken oil' and
new tojis of 2-inch decking were laid. The toi>s of the lower gates will also be re-
newed. Four-inch nowings were put on the lower or downstream sides of the gates,
to keep passing boats iVum striking the gat<' sus])en<!ion rods. Where the revetment
below tue land wall gave way the filling against the sheet piles was dug out, 70
days' work being done, and the row of sheet ]ules was pulled back into a straight
line. Daring the high water thirteen ad<litional anchor piles were driven 30 feet
back from the face of the dike; the tie-rods for these thirteen anchor piles will be
pat in daring the low-water season.
2632 RKPORT OP THE CHIEF OF KNGINEKRS, U. S. ARMT.
Quarfn's, — Tu Dm" ]or\ siiixTiiiiftndmt'rt lioiiso 1\Y() riKiiiis and the liall on flic fiwt
floor wt'r<'])jiinti5(l. I'lio siniill lioiiso iiK»id hiKt yoarfor tlio loclvkcoper'H quartt^rH wan
torn down and the material nsedtoenhir^e. tlie storehons(^. Since tliiH hoiiBowas toru
down the lo<'kkeepers have nscd an oM quarter boat, wliich ih on Idoeks on the rivoT
bauk, at the lower limit of tlic Tnited States reservation, for their miHrtors.
JJredginff. — Two thousand two hundred and twenty-one cnhio yards of tilling ma-
terial were east haek of the land wall; 4,500 <*nbic yar<l8 of tilling material were
cast back of the pilo revet numt below the lock; 2 days' dredging were done below
the look and 3 days' dredging above the lock, to give a snllieient depth of water to
float the ]>ilo-driver to drive the piles for tli<^ r«ivetnieiit8. Two shoals in tho up]»roaeh
to the lock from below were removed by dredging; 2,40t cubic yards having be<^u
dredge«l intt> <J.ump-8cows and put out of tlu^ channcd along the oast side of the river.
Of the material used in filling back of Ihe lock and back of the revetment below the
lock 4,042 cubic yards were dredged from the channel below the lock. The filling
back of the lock was graded and sown in mixed lawn grasses; in doing the grading
6,128 cubic yards of earth were moved by wheel-scrapers.
LA GIIANOK DAM.
Dredging. — Fifteen thousand two hundred and thirteen cubic yards of drodged
material were put against the face of the dam ; some of the filling material had to be
handled a second time, the dredge casting it, to get it close to the dam; of this mate-
by being cast back of the lock or revetment below the lock, or down to the dam.
Pile revetments. — The lock force put the 42 tie-rods in the pile revetment below the
lo<rk, 3 being fox-keyed into the land wall ; tli«'- tilling will be comjdeted and the
elope riprapi)ed. The pile Kwetment above* the lock is to be built by the " Oi>erat-
ing an<l cat<5" force; 104 Waketield sheet i)ilo8, 0 by 12 inches, were made.
The lock-tenders, when not engaged in operating the loi'k, worked on the dam or
pile revetments. Three thousand one hundred lin<;ar feet of hard-wood ]»i<*ket fence
were made and the Unitc^d States r««s<?rvation on the east and west side (►f the river,
was fenced. Two Inunlrcid an<l forty-eight oak ]»0Bts and 7,3<X) oak pickets w«»re
made. A strong woodim snubbing post was set bacrk of the head of the lock f<ir the
use of passing tow l»oat8. The engines and two boilers, otf of the old st4?anier /*<'//</.v,
were moved across the river to tlic^ lock side and housed. Thirty-four blnckMiiiith
tools were made. <)nelnindre<l and eighteen tons of clear ice, from 5 to 7 inches
thick, were harvest «^d. The Uniteel States rest^vation has been i>retty well rli'arf»<l
of old lumber and iu'<»j>erty, and th«; lock and grounds are becoming quite attractive.
'J'he ice housi* and ston-house were whitewashed.
The upi>er approacli to the lock has tilled so that there are pla<.'es where there is
less than a r)-fo(»t <lcj)th of \\at«.'r at low water.
An S-inrli (M-ntrifugal punij) was ]>urchas« d in .Inn«\ It will be litted up on a
bar;;<' and iis*-*! t'» i>uni)) mud out. ofth*' lock iVuiii aroinnl the «ratcs an«l valves.
Till' rcjxirt In]' iiii]>n)vin;r Illinois IJivcr <1i(»ans tli«; lollowirjg work <'stiniate(l as
ncr<'>s;iiy to entirely lini-<1i the. \vr)rk at \/.\ (.vnwixr Lock: IMacc L'.rWK) cubic yards of
ston«' below th«' <lain. l'ini«ib lilliuLC tln' i»ilr irvetnicnt brlow the lock and buibl
tlw pile rrv«'tn»riit abovt; tin- lock. Uuild lu'inujiu lit ijuart«'rs for the bxtk keept'r>.
Placr !).;{(M) jubjc y;irds of e:irili tilling ar<mMil tlir sup«*.rintcnd«'nt.'s house.
Very rcsjuct tiilly, your olxMJient servant,
W. M. Cjiii.DS,
AsMiatant Entjiuccr.
Capt. W. L. Maiisiiatj..
Corps <i/ Eihjhn'f )'», U, S. A.
Lorku[i{x made at La (iranffr Lor]:. lS!fO-01.
I
(.'Ills'*.
H)
- . '■:,•>■ I ■
-r C ^ ^ >. ■ !- . I j
^ £ C- \ Z Z ^ t ^ ■ >i i "a
I c >', c ►:: 'i; ?^ -^ ■ ^ hi j:;
•Si
8*» :iin Vfs>^i 1-; '.'At
S liiiijii v< >-' I-.
KLit ainl r.iliin l»'i;ii ■» .">
Skills j'.i i:; n -ij r.i
]))iiii>is Iti\ir iiii|»i-<>\ • nil III iiiiats 41 !*■> 'J'J IC 'X',
'S2 ■ iJt
5
1
.. f» JTi 4l> ; 38 ;;7 27I
( 1
r. :» I 10 7 4 49
lM 5 11 20 \ :U 32 52 410
17 H 5 ...J 5 ; 4 ... 254
Total i;;i k; m 112 171 I 50 7,22 40
i I I I I I J
98 i 81 I 03 I 985
APPENDIX M M — KKI'OJtT OF fAI'TAIN MARSHALTi.
2633
Names and ionumja of Htt-am vrnmlH llml Imn fmttsid llns lock.
Name.
1 1
BeUeof Ottawa 10
Calbonn 1 «J7
City of FIorLDCO :».>i
CityofPfkin 10
D.H.rike ' 4«.-»
Despatch Ti
DickClydo 7t5
£mma.
17
Tsninp.
Tons.
Ktlnl
U. \V. I.niijrf.Uow 47
Iilu •>
Iiii])iTi:<l OH
.1 ju'k Frost .'{."K»
John Kolin 40
.T»>li« t ~n
Lily(l'.S.) ' 300
Xamr.
Lottie
I.OtUH
Nni^arii
INiliir Wav<", .
\i. .\.S|M'<-<1 ...
Krinilfcr
iXoiis.
5
20
M
]r>0
140
50
M M 6.
CONSTRUCTION OF ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL.
The object of tliis improveinoiit is to furnish a navigable waterway
from Lake Michigan to the ^lississij)])! l{iv(»r, at the mouth of Kock
Kiver, in connection with the Upper Illin(»is Hiver, and the proposed
enlarged water way alonjr the present line of the Illinois and Michigan
Canal.
The item of the river and harbor act of H(*])tcniber 19, 181K), under
which work upon the construction of tliis canal l>c^ins, is as follows:
For the construction of tho Illinois junl Missi.ssi]»]>i Caiuil to <'onn<'«'t the Illinois
Elver at a point near the town of Honnopin ^vithtlu' Mississippi KivtT at tho mouth
ot'Kock River, toj^other with a l)ran('h ranal or IVumUt iVom said Kock River to the
main line of said canal, $5()(),0(K). Said raiial and frodcr shall ho known as the
Illinois and Mississippi Canal, and shall ho const nictoil on Mu^ rout<> locHt-od Ity the
Secretary of War in pursiiam-o of tin' ]»rovisions of "An ad making ap])ropriations
for the construction, ropair, and ]>n's»'rvation of oortain puhli** works on rivers and
harhora and for othor j>ur]>os<'s/^ which act hocamo a law Anj!:tist 11, 18S8, and said
canal and feeder shall )»o SO feet wide at tin* wator lino and 7 feet dee]), the locks
170 feet in length, and 'M feet in width, and shall have a caj»acity for vessels
of at least 280 tons l»nr<lon, with guard gates, wast«' weirs, locks, lock houses,
basins, bridges, and all other erections and lixturcs that may l)e necessary for safe
and convenient navigation of said canal and fc(Mh>rs. and shall he constructed on
Slans and spocilications to he aj>])roveil by tho Scci<'tai'v of War: I'ror'ulni, That the
ecretary of War shall in iiis discretion change or alter tho dimensions of the locks
of said canal and feeder if in his o]dnion the cost of said improvement is not thereby
increased.
It shall be the duty of the Secretary of War, in or.ler to secni-c the right of way
for such canal and feeder, to acquire title to rik'Ii lamls as may hv necessary by agree-
ment, parchase, or voluntary <"onveyance from tlit^ owners, if it can be done on rea-
sonable terms ; but if that should be found imjuacticahle, then the Secretary of War
Bhall apply at any term of the circuit or district court of the United States for the
northern district of Illinois to be held thereafter, at any general or special term
held in said district, and in the name of tho United States institute and carry on
proceedings to condemn such lainls as may ho necessary for right of way as aft)re-
Baid; and in such proceedings said court shall be g(»verned by the laws of tho State
of Illinois, so far as the same may be a]>idicahle to th(^ subject of condonming private
property for publi<: use; the Secretary (»f War to catise said work to commence as
80on as practicable by tho construction of (»ne of the locks and dams on said Rock
River at such point as he may deem most ailvisable, and shall cause said work to be
constructed in accordance with the foregoing provisions an<l (»f ])erinanent and sub-
Btantial materials and in a good and workmanlike manner.
With reference to this work it is to bo said tliat various surveys of
different routes froni.the great bend of the Illinois River to tin* Missis-
sippi Eiver at or above tln^ mouth of Kock Kiv<»r have been made. In
1871 G. P. Low (see K(»port of Chief of Kn<4:in(M'rs, 1871, page .'KK.> et seq.)^
also in 1882 Major lionyaurd (Report Chief of Kngineers, 1S8:{, i):igc 1757
etseq.)^ and in 188,5 Major Ilandbury (Ueixut Chief of Engineers, 1886,
page 1709 et ^eq.).
2634 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
There was also ii report u|K)ii this canal by a Board of Etigiuem'K in
1887, uudcr the i)rovisions of tlie river and harbor jiet of August, 188C
(Keport Chief of Engineers, 1887, page 140 et seq.). All of the loeal engi-
neers since 1882, aud the Board of Engineers of 1886^ for engineering
reasons have preferred and reeonimended the Marais D'Osier route,
but for conunereial reasons the Chiefs of Engineers, Generals Newton
and Duane, and the Secretaries of War preferred the Rock Island
route, and that route has been finally adopted.
With reference to these surveys it is to be said that they have all
been nia<le for preliminary and comparative i)urj)oses, and have been
c<m lined to an horizon too narrow to admit choice of location along the
various routes.
In all, for surveys, there has been expended less than one-half of 1
per <!ent. of the cost of the adopted line, and but little more than one-
sixth of 1 per cent, of the cost of all the various routes estimated u]>on.
These surveys were sutticient for the purposes intended, and the pre-
liminary locations and estimates based thereon w^ere w^ell studied and
place<l, but for a final location of the canal and for perfected results
they are insufficient in horizon. The lines surveyed may be generally
the best lines, but in many jdaces, doubtless, the preliminary locations
may be bettered and the cost of the completed w^ork to the public re-
duced.
In short, although the previcms surveys, with very limite^l means,
were sulhci(*nt for preliminary estimates of relative cost of various lines,
they may b<^ insuflicient for linaland definite locatitms upon which cou-
trax'ts may be based. Yet under the act of Congress of August 11,
188S, (lc»tailed i)lans and estimates bas(»d upon these preliminary sur-
veys w(»re nnpiired and submitted June 21, 1800, the report of which
lo(*ation, [)lans, and estimates (without maps and drawings) was pub-
lished by Congress as House Ex. Doc. No. tUO, Fifty-first Congre^ss,
first session.
This r<'port was evidcintly the basis of the item in the river and har-
bor bill approved 8cpttMnl)er 10, 1890.
In i)reparing a project for the <ix]>enditure of the appropriation con-
tained in that act, it was considered as restricting tin* work to locks and
dams in Kock Kivcr, and to securing the JM'ccssary lands for sites of
(M)nstrnctions, and for ri^ht of way tor tin* canal.
i )t' the locks and dams in liock llivcrtht* most important are: 1st,
at the head of the feeder: and, IM, near the month of Uock l^iver.
Foi- the feedei" all previous surveys have been l)ased upon tlie ])nMn-
ise thnl the suunnit level is LM)t feet above the level of thelllinois Jiiver
at or iMMr ilcinn'pin, ami the lines of suim'v have been directed to the
first jMunt on iiock U'im'V that could feed a Icn'cl at that height, /. /'.. to
Dixon, ill., above the dam at that i)oint. It is ])rol)able, howev(U%that
by cutiiu^Li" down the >uinniit le\el not e\<*eediug *.> feet that the fi'cder
may be shortened one third in lenjzth aud an a<|uednctand three l(»cksbe
avoi(le<l. whi<'h cousuuiiuation is worthy of furtluM' investigation before
Jiny of I he feeder NNoiks 1m* undertaken. Moreover, the h)ck and dam
at tin' head of the feeder <'an he of no ]>ractical use until the <'anal is
coni])lete(l over either the eastern or western section as far as to the
summit levr'l, and the fecijer constructed throu;;hout.
On the other hand, u|m»u the completion of t!ie works at the mouth of
]io<*k Kivcr and its iiuiucdiate vicinity, Uock Kiver will be made naviga-
ble at me;in stages as far as to the terminus of the canal ])roper at tlie
hea<l of Penney Slough, or tor 21 miles, and be available^ lor the trans-
portation by water of material rejpiired in the const ructiou of the canal.
APPENDIX MM RKPOKT OK CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2635
Eor these n^asuiis it wijs ivroinineinhMl by luciii 1lii^pr<)i<*cisiibiniitecl
October 2, 1890, iliiit work boj^iii at the moiitli of Jvo(;k Ivivcr, aiultliat
the appropriation be expended in ccniipleting the works at that point,
estimated to cost in the report of June 21, 1890, $491,257, but that more
detailed survej'^s be made in this vicinity to secure, if possible, a better
location of the canal and works of navigation.
Before the approval of this project a (juestion arose under the part of
the act providing that the Secretary of War "in his discretion (shall)
change or alter the dimensions of the locks of said canal and feeder, if
in his opinion the cost of said improvement is not increased thereby .'^
The correspondence with the Chief of Engineers on this subject is ap-
pended hereto.
The project was approved by the Chief of Engineers November 1,1890,
the locks to be 30 feet in width and 170 feet in length, as specified in the
act.
Upon the approval of the project a survey party under Assistant L. L
Wheeler, a gentleman of many years' experience under the War Depart-
ment, was organized, and a thorough survey of the vicinity of the
mouth of Rock River made. The rei)ort upon this survey and my rec-
ommendations in the matter are herewith appended.
The results of this survey were :
(1) That the estimates of the cost of the right of way via the Sears
Canal and northern line were far from the truth; that parties owning
the lands and sites need(^>d would demand and exact, as far as the courts
would allow, values for their property based upon the value of the water
power to be created by the United States works.
(2) That a more certain imi)rovement could be made on the south side
of Rock River tenninating at the legal terminus than via the northern
route, and without in any manner further developing, injuring, or de-
stroying existing water powers, and at materially lower cost.
As one of the further results of this survey it was ascertained that
along the southern rcmte in excavating the canal, beds of clean sand
and gravel iontaining less than 3 per cent, of impurities are encountered,
and rock to be excavated nearly sufficient to construct all of the dams,
locks, weirs, riprap of banks, etc., and other mechanical works, which
faet constitutes a very economical and favorable condition.
This survey also sliowed that the i)roposed plan of erecting dams to
the elevation 131 above canal datum across the south (»hannel of Rock
River at Milan was entirely imx>racti(able due to tlui low position of the
to\\Ti of Milan and lands jiboveit, and that the submitted designs could
not be carried out without grently increased expense. Modifications
therefore were mad<^ for'tlienorthern route, i)lacing the dam across the
south branch of Rock Kivcr at the heiul of Carr Island, instead of for
the northern line at ]\Iiltni, and across both branches for the southern
line, and comparative estimates submitted by Mr. Wheeler upon this
basis.
The resulting estimates were:
For the nortliern lino $498, 574
For tli« oiithom line 411, 529
In favor of Hoiithern lino 87, 045
In view of the eight-hour -a d;iy law, and the contingencies of works
subject to flood, all these estimatt^s are probably too low by at least 20
per cent., but it is believed they are correct relatively, and may serve as
approximate estimate's of the rtOjitive cost of .the two routes.
In connection with th<» suiveys forms for voluntary agreements to sell
and purchase the lands required for right of way, etc., over the two
263G REPORT OF THK CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMT.
routes, were submitted to tlie various land-owners along the two routes,
and propositions received from some of them as shown below.
Northern route.
K ame of owner.
John M. Gallagher
M.T.Johnson
T.J.Kobinson
Rock River Land and Lock Co
PhllUp Dingledine
William L. Coyne
Total
Estinuite.
$388.75
40.00
2,970.00
22,500.00
240.00
710.26
28,860.00
Ptopoel.
tion.
$1,937.50
270.00
60,000.00
22,500.00
400.00
1,000.00
78,107.50
Southern route.
Charles Oscar Hanson etal
JohuTindnll
Merritt Goble and wife
l>avid Payne and wife
A nders I'etcrson
Vandruff heirs
Lnkeii &. Buchiuan
William L. Coyne
M. T. Johnson (including right of way not cstiniutvd)
Sean Urothers
Peter Fries
Swan Johnson estate
Total
$81L20
1,880.00
233.40
160.00
387.00
468.50
82.00
818.00
672.76
2,500.00
1,430.00
1,193.76
$812.00
1,190.00
2:i4.0U
159.00
437.00
468.50
177.00
1,000.00
l,18D.OO
6,000.00
1,430.00
1,000.00
9,585.60 1 13,102.60
Alouf? the southern route tliirt^'c^u proi>osition8 were i^eeeived, differ-
ing $3,510.00 (mor(») from the estimate. Along the northern route six
propositions, difl'eriiig 840,257.50 more than the estimate. It was evi-
dent that, iriespc*ctive of 1h(^ cost of the two nmtes as a purely engineer-
ing question, the owners of lands r(M|uired along the northern route were
bent either 111)011 getting great pri(*es for lands free from encuinbnuiees,
or ii])on securing to themselves all water-i>owers developed by the United
States works, and to ])lare tlie United 8tat(^s in the position of guaran-
tying to thosr' lipaiian owners the enjoyment of the use <»f water-iM»wei*s
devrlo]>(Ml by the l-nited States at public expense and of ultimately, if
not at tlii> time, demanding of the United States the maintenance of
these i)owers at ]Miblic ex])ense for private gain.
Fori anal ely, however, without any reference wlmtever to eosts of
right of way and water-])owers, as a purely engine(»ring (juestion, the
southern line is the only route so far dev(*h)ped and known by wiii<'h
the legal terminus of the route can rrrtaut/if be attained at rea.^onabli^
(»x])ense, by a canal carrying 7 feet of water throughout. The northern
line, is obstructed from the toot of Turkey Island to the mouth of Kock
Itiver by shifting sands, from 2 to .*> U^^i d(»]>th of water at low water,
whi<'h experi<Mice on the U])])er and Lower Mississi])i)i shows ean not
ccrtanihi be increased to, and niaiutaiiUMl at 7 feet depth at low water,
by th<* a])plication of the method of contraction by bnish dams or by
drcMlging in a channel through moving san<ls.
For the above reasons the i)assaget.>t Uie l(»wer Ha]Hds of I^oek Uiver
by mt^ans of a canal uiM)n tlie south side of liock Kiver, ex<*avated in
the banks and secun* from injury l)y water, exce])t for a short seetioii
some 4.000 feet in length. c<mstructed on the be<l of lioek River by
paved embankments, was reiionmiended for approval March 19, 1890,
a.-iit
Ili:il ll«'
otrii
r \M.lk,
(iijiii
ArriilNDU MM — UKfOET OF CAFl'ArN MARSHALL. 2()37 <
and nnder the law was approved by the Beoretary of War Mareli 25,
1891.
This location was at once contested by private intereats Kituatiid
al'ing llin uurthern line on tlie grounds.
(1) That the approved plans injured or destroyed existing wbIm-
piiweri*.
{2) That the route had been already fixed along the north shore iin-
der the nets of August 11, 1888, and September 19, 1890, and that it
roidd not be changed except by act of Congrefis.
With reference t« the first point it maybe sivid that the piopowd
dams are across the chutes at tlie head of the rapids. Esistiug wuUt-
])Owers are at the foot of the rat>ids, and the dams lower than iifoputted
by the Uiiited States. It is clear that the entire flow of lUtck Itiver, ex-
ci'jit the small qiumtity i-equired for lockages, etc., willeoiitiuuo topa«s
ii\ii- tlic I rerft* of the dams and past the sites of these wat«r-powcr6
whfii' (t cm he as well utilized after the construction of the dams aa
)i<'i<<j'<-. It is |jri>])i>sed t4^i contitnict sluices in the dams to niuiuttuii unV
...ii.. •i:-:iiiin of the Water llowiug down the chut«s, but It isevi-
t. iist^i Hloiig the north shore wjll obstruct the uxecutiou
III' ihims, however, may be moved, and instead of two
I' ^11 ms of Bo<^^k Biver a single dam may be built abure
the liciul of Ciin's Itiltiiid, wluch will allow the flow of Bock River to
take itiS own course down the various chaiuiels, and remove from these
parties any grounil or pretense that the United States works interfere
with the relative diRcharge of these channels. It ia not proposed to iu-
terfere with the water-powers in any way except by taking the water
necessary for navigation^ or by extinguishing water-powcT rights wh<^^e
ne^-CRSary to interfere with them.
With R'Tiri'ihtT to the claim that the i-oiiti? of the canal has been ab-
solutely ;iiiil liiii.lly located, it ruay lie said that the route has boeo
ii|>[i]''>\ . <l in ^I'ticml tei'ms, and lociitiou, plans, and estimates in detail
pic]i;nr<l ami ~iil)iiiitted. In submittiiig thoso detailed plans imd c«ti-
njiit.-i ISC- ilrj-orl L'liief of Engineers, 1«'.HI, p, 2.j«8), it was slated—
\hr |>li>ii- .mil I'-^iiui^ili'a herewith snbmittMl uiiiiit Ix' uailentood to rK-preBeiit tho
111 St r- -titu -nL'i!-"'t'''l liy pn-liminaly surveys alonE » ilcfinite stitvoyed liuo, <iijv«r-
iiiK '■"' "ur^'w nil liiiri/iin to ajjjiit any mstcriitf choice of locution. Wlipii tJie
w.'iii ■■ ■ I 1 ■■ ;■ ■. il. 1 tiiki'n tbe vifinitj of thia line must be forth ur eia mined to
I ! . Iipi'^ilinn sbowu iipuii the maps.
Til' ii . I'lins, and estimates have never been formally ap-
pniM I i\ til' -^.ulary of War, and eertainly it would be a strange
cipiiiliimn nitf.i .1 it the Unite-d States oiHcera can not at any time dur-
ing' inii>iiii(ii(>ii of a work of (his magnitude reeommeml and make,
«iiliiii iiniiMiuy rt'iKionable ltmits,any changtuf in either locatioott or
niiisinn-tii.ii^ :iilv:iiitiigPons U} the [Jnited States^ and tending towards
iln; s. . injty .imi I'liirieucy of the work, and especially in securing rights
lit' w-.ty Mint' iiiii^t tiu Slime elasticity to tlie line of the canal or the
I'liiit'l stiii."^ \w.iild be at the mercy of speculators in their necessities.
Ill till' piuLrnss of the survey near the mouth of Kock Eiver it was
ii-ici-it;iiiieil liy the borings that deposifcji of clean aand and gravel of
riiiisiderabli' I'xteut, and much stone would be taken from the prism of
tin- (-;ni;il. if the soiilhern line were ndopted, and in view of the fact
tliiit till- ixiil'liii.; -ii'ue available is of acla^s that ia not very durable,
;iial (it the rnrlliir liiri tli:it engineering coustnictioiis of similar eh af-
iK'li'i' [<i llioM' K'liirK'd iipiin Uiis canal have been oonstructed abroad
to a greiit csic-iit of arlillcial stone of Portland cement, and the adop-
2638 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8.
tion of that material woiil(J very materially reduce the cost of the n
soiiry of tlie canal aiul allow without increased cost an increase in tl
width of the lo<*ks ainl a change in the bridges li*om fixed to pivot whi<
latter chau'it' will convert the canal from a barge to a steamboat can
with prat increase in its utility, a]»plieation Avas made to the Chief <
Engineers for permission to constrn<:t the masonry of the three lock
and the abutments of the dams at the lower rapids of Rock River, <
artificial stone of Portland cement and materials excavated fix>m tl
prism of the canal, an<l that the locks be increased in width 5 feet t
accommodate a huge part of the tleet of steamboats navigating th
Upi»er Mississippi Kiver.
This a])plication was approved under that provision of the act o
September 1!>, ls<M>, which authorizes the Secretary of War to cliangi
the dimensions of the locks if it seen)s advisable and can be done wi&
out increasing tlie cost of the canal.
riaus ol' the locks required liave accordingly been prepared xipon thii
basis.
Full descri])tious of all lands and sites required for the constractioi
of the h)wer 4 to 5 miles of the canal in accordance with the approvec
line near the month of Ro<'k liiver, together with all vohmtary agree
ments received for the sale and pnrchase of right of way, are now ii
the hands of the district attorney for the U(u1heni district of Illiuol
for examination (»f title and xneparation of cimdemuatiou suits, etc.
as re<|nired by tlie hiw.
Until titles to tht\se necessary lands and sites areobtained, the actna
work of conslrnctiou on the canal can not begin,
ruorosED application of funds now on hand.
Tt is pro])osed to apply these fnnds to the purchase of ri^^hts of wa;
for, ami to the const inction of the 4 to 5 miles of the canal just abov
the moiitli of Koek Kiver witli its dams and works of navigation.
PUOPOSEl) APPLICATION OF Till: FINDS ASKED FOR, FOB THE FXS
c'AL yi:au ending JUNE. 3(>, 1893.
It is proposed to ap]»ly these funds to the detennination of the fina
location of th(» canal, to tlie imrchase of ri«yhts of way along this Iwfl
lion, and to ))rosecnte towards completion the work on the canal ani
feeder.
In this connect ion it is rei»oated that it is desirable to make additiona
examinations to ascertain the most advantageous' level for the summi
h'vel mid tlie -iliortest and most advantageous feiHler line for the snppl]
(»f tills l<'\el, Willi a view if i)ossible to diminish the loekage, number o
locks an<] Mt^nedncts, and len«;'tli of feeder line, also along the main lin<
exaininatioiis slionld be made to determine whether the summit leve
maybe :Hlvant;«i;eon!y reached otherwise than by the valley of Pone
Creek v.liiie t he aviiilnhle snac<» is very restricted and the canal eon
strnction ditlicnlt on acconnt of the occnpation of that valley by thl
doable track of the Chica^jjo, Hock Island and Pacific Kailroad.
oeneual hem auks.
This I'anal is de>ii«:ned as a cnt-otf(U' short route from theUpiierSGM
issippi to Lake Miihigan in connection with the present existing watfl
APPENDIX MU — BEPOET OF CAPTAIN MAESHALL. 2G39 j
lises, or with improved routes of greater capacity tiiat have been con-
toinplated for years.
Tile existing route is (1) via Uliuoii^ and MiuisiHsippi Cuiml K7 iiiilcx to
La8alle; (2) Illinois River from La Siilleto its uumlhut thu MiMsia- i
Btppi River, 22lt miles; (3) month of the Illinois to Roclk Kivur, 'JUT tuiles.
The present water ronte from the Chicago at Bridgeport to the niouth 1
of Bortic River in^ as shown, 607 miles, while by way of the propixied ]
UlinoiH and Mississippi Oanal it wilt be 183 miUis only, a saving in dii' j
tanre from Lake Mii^higan by water to all points on the MiHxisHipiii I
Biver alxA-o the mouth of Rock River of 4.19 miles over esistiug wat*fr j
routett. Tha route via Uie proposed canal will he shorter thiui via the 4
Illinois Kiver to all points on the Mississippi River above a point 78 I
miles by water above the mouth of the Illinois, and 20<J miles belnw the^
moatli of R*K'k River. Above the mouth of liot'Jc River to St. Pan! are J
401 miles of river navigation, so that the proposed canal as a cut-off *]
will shorten the distance ii-om Lake Michigan bj^ waUir to all points J
along the Upper Mississippi River for <ilO miles of its length. ,1
The Illinois River for 14 miles below La Salle forms one link in tha L
proposed wuter route, but the rest of the distance, 97 miles from Lft J
Hallo to Chicago, tlie route is continued by the Illinois and Midiiganl
Canal, a work of much less cajtitcity than the proposed canal. Boutaoffl
the fall r4i|HLcity of tlie locks of the Illinois and Mississippi Canal most- 1
stop at La Salle and transfer cargo to the less capai^ions Illinois and i
Micbigan Canal. '
To secure, therefore, the full benefits of the proposeil canal the watu i
ronb) tVom Chicago to La Salle must be enlarged or the capa«toua chao- I
nel now being constructed on the lower Illinois River io he extended tftJ
Chicago via the Illinois and Desplaincs Valley and a rut acroBfl the '
Chit'iigo divide. Without such works the Illinois and Mis>iissippi Oanal
will bo of comparatively small significance. The canal constrtieted oven
on the present basis will necessarily modify, reduce, and regulate tVeight^
nio%*ingI)etween Upper Mississippi River points and Lake Michigan,
mid its I'onstnii'tiou be justified upon the present basis. Its utility will,
howi'v. r, In' yinij,'rd by the capacity of the inferior Illinois and Michi-
gnit (iiii^il iiiilfl tlic capacity of the latter is made at htast eiiual to that
oni,.'|'n.po.r.|,-:.ria].
Til.' I'.xiiiiii'n i;il ;iil\-;iiil;iKfis of this route have be<m many times pre-
scurr.l I.I c.ni;^!!'-.-. tiil,i> by MaJ. W. H. IL Benymird. Corps of Kn-
yiiii'i'is. 111 till' A(iiiii;il Kii"iil of the Chief of Engineers in IHKi, by Mi^joc
lliiuilliiii.v in isyii, iiiid by the Board of Engineers specially constituted
t<i loii^idcr its relations to commerce, in 18S6, in its report published in
III.- Aiiiiiia! Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1887.
At lut'sciit rates of appropriation, iBWK),(K>« once in 2 years, it will
take L's yriiis tij rom]jlet« this canal, before the termination of which
iMiii'li iiilditioiial money will be required to nmintain the work previously
iloiH', ;(ii<l a.s the work will lie of no special utility until comtilcted
tlii"iigliout it« entire extent, it ia manifest that proi'ision should be
made for its much more rapid pmsecution. Even at the rate of iiiipni-
priation herein, $1,70(I,(HI0 hicuniiilly, it will take 8 years to complete
this work, which is a reasonable and practicable time.
For HnTM-va for nceiirnt« locutions, Icgnl description* of liin<)arei|iiire(l, noil
for rialiis of way F.NHI.IX)!)
For coiiBtriietiuii 1,500,000
2640 Ri:i»ouT of the chikf of kngineers, u. s. army.
Money statement,
Julv 1,1800. ha1ani(> iiiit'Xpondocl $152.80
Balaiiri' availalilf. art Auj^iiKt 1MJ*^<2 633.68
Amount a]>prnpriatiMl ]»y act appri»viMl Srjjti'mbcr l!^18iK) 500.01)0.(0
500.786.46
Jum'30, 181U,ainoniil <'X]m'1h1o<1 during; lisi'al voar 11,755.36
Jnlv l.lSOl.lMilMmt' iim'xpciiilnl 489,031.10
July 1, 18ia, outstainliiii; liahilitirs 100.00
July 1, lSj)l.l.al:niifaNailal)l«-. 488,1*31.10
'Amount n-stimai tl) n'i|uin<l for «-om]>lrtiou of i>xistiii>; projei't 6,41*5.900.00
Amount tli'it ran 1m> ]>rorita1)lv rxncudi'd in fisral yoar cmlin^ June
30. isi»;{ .....' 1,700,000.00
Suluuitti'd in roin|iliaui-(> with R'<|u[n'ni('nts of soctiuns 2nf river and
harbor a(t.-> of l^^i») and It^iiT.
1
li:tti:r of tiik ouikf of kngineers.
Ol'FlCi: OF TRK CinKF OF ENGINEERS,
Tnttfj) States Army,
Wnsh'ntfftou, I). C, October 25^ 1890,
Caftain: Tlir ])rovis(> in tJM* lllimds and Mississippi Canal legisla-
tion. ••Tliat tlic SrcH'tary of V.'iir sinill. in his di.si'retion, i-liaiige or
niter tlu' diii.(ii>i: tns of ilir locks of said canal and fi*i'der, if in bis opin-
i(»n the I'o.-t ol'saiil imiMovcnu'nt is not thereby increased,'' was put in
the hill hy Si;»:itoi- (Joiman. of Maryland, whi», for in any years, had
heeii the iM:;nMue!' and one ot'tlie direettn's of the (.^hesa])enke and Ohio
Canal. Jf I nnderstood him eorreetly, liis contention was that the sizes
of the locks as uivi-n in the law were not in accord with the dimen.sious
of the pi is!ii or tlii> ])est diniensjnus of boats for navigating the prism,
>vith a \iv\\ to the most ecomnnical and pi'ofitable comuieree: that
there was a nefe-is;r,y relati«m betwe<'n all these elements, and a size or
dimension of lock tijat wonhl ,v:ive the jLjrea test amount of useful return.
Have y(»u examined tliis ipiestion in this li^ht. and will you kindly
report on this matter from the stand])oint of Senator Gommnf
V«'ry respect fully, your obedient servant,
Tiios. Lincoln Casey,
Brig, Gen.j Chief of Engineen.
<'apt. W. L. .M vi:snAi,L.
Corps of JJmjiiurra.
Kr.roiJT or <v\rrALN \v. l. makshall, corps of engineers.
rMTKi) Statks Engineer Office,
Chicago, III, October 27, 1890. •
(li.M'.KAL: With reference to the chanj<:e in the dimensions of fli6
lock^ of tln' Hennepin <'ana] in ac<'(n"dan<*(» with the views of Senator
(iorman. I have i«» say that I have at times considered the question of
the iclati<»n iM'iwirn raiial prism^^. lock dimensions, and other elements
reliiTJn.L; (<> flit- <|ii(^ii(»n nf Cifnomy. etc.. but have each time fonndit
so com]ilicalcd tjiat no detinite answer could be mado fhat can b6 V^
ganled as at all tfxact.
APPENDIX MM — ^BErORT OP CJLPTAIS MARSHALL. afa-ll
If the cjinal I'mild Le regiinli-d bj' itself, then the most ecouomicalKlxe
of boat iiiiii liii^k for the given priruu and length of canal could be ilct^r-
iniiK^d, hilt it is bi Jjc iijjLinh'd iis sin obstrcotive link between several
divfti-w niivijriilioiis, viz: The UpperMissisBippiiind its tribiitarien, and
t.ln' rharinel.s (iiTiiiwtiiig these streinus with Lake Michigan, to be uavi-
(laloil 1'.\ bill ;.'<■-; nhose ecoriomiral diiiienHiona h aye ah^Nidy been deter-
mined )i> Ihi- toiiililiiiiisdf n;ivij;atioi) that exist on the Western rivers,
null wl.ii'h will Hot lie altfrud to .suit the re(|uireriient« of the canal
inism. Tlir.-r )y.\v4(-< iui' .il' ti H'rl di':ift, ami UJO feet long, and lVi>m Ul
{■> L'S ^.■^■l in M idlh. Thi-re ■.,v<- oth.-r barges about 31) feet in width by
l.'tit liir Hi liii;;tli. ur aoniewliat hinger, that carry, full loaded, gient^r
depth, bill that with lai'ge \omU car navigate this canal and will navi-
gati' it it till' lui'ks be somewhat widened.
TIkk' ui'c alsii iL huge number of Htern-wheelHteambuate, mostly tow-
iHiat-*. Init, many of which also caiTy freight, with from 22 to 28 feet
wiilMi of beam and from 122 to 150 feet leiigtii over all, that with abnnt
tlie Huiiio HI' less croHs-soctionnl area an the bargee mt^ntioned, retgoire
a widtli of lock, im aiconnt of their projecting guards, from U t« 10 feet
wiiU'i Until thi'ir hulls, that can line tlie caual alwi if the locks lie
wiili'iii'il t:> :i.'i [.■('( span.
It is ■■vidciii that the canal can not meet the requirBmontfl of the rase
with siiiallci lorks rliiui already designed, if for navigation for bargee
siK 11 us have alresuly estAblinhed themselvefl on the SlissiHsippi Hiver
and tiiUiitarii's, as the fittest for the purposes t^ which they are put> nor
iiiilcsH siimi-what widened for the large fleet of steamboats nn\ngatilig
the rpprr Mi-'is«ippi Uiver. Tlie locks are final permanent construc-
tions ihiil laii mil be altered after being built, except in length, without
threat cNpi iim-, Imt the prism of the canalt>eingalmostentirely in earth,
ran, nil It ilir i'\rr|il!iin of a ffw inilfw in Uureau Creek Valley, l>e com-
parati\i'I\ iliraply and erniiiimically, and witliout interfering with uav-
i^fatioii in aii.\ n.iy, ^.Tadnally increased to any desired extent. It in
eviilviLt ilnai iliat ilif ■-i/c of the pri-Jin should not be allowed toRonttol
llirsi/eorHi.. I.ii'k-., .■ . ■'...i.Ji :1 ■■ i-.r-i.i 1- i; i^ .!;■. Irss than
TliroivTiralh \\.\ ■ • . . 1!.S feet
heaiii. II I'eet diali, tlii' ^itI imiiil area of the prism shouhl be about (ap-
|iio\iiMatel> 1 l.iHHl sijiiar.- li'et. instead ot48C.5, consequently the canal
prism is oiislnu-tive. ediiipaied with an indefluitc expanse of equal
ile]ith, ill -nn)i> rntio to tlii'^i; (ivo numbers; or with slightly greater
iie|ith sinial.l be nbotit 110 feet mean width of section instead of 70; or,
slated oliirrwiH', f.ir ;i eaiial TO feet mean width and T feet deep (lllinos
and Missi^^i|>|lil the locks should be somewhat less than one-balf the
s]iaii ]n<'iiosril, am] sliiiitened to ayree with the most economical length
of boat of thai w id 111 of beam, or say approximately, be 10 feet wide and
110 Cfet il) leiii;tli oiliH'k <-liaiiiber for navigation by vessels of 1-4 to 15
fei-i beam mid !is to liHI feet in length, G feet depth, about 90 tons regis-
loied toiina^'i' oi- iJtH) tons iMrrying capacity. Such vessels would navi-
irnie this ]Hisni at moil<Tnti' speed with not luiiteriallygreaterdifficulty
than if Ml'' eaiial weie ()r iiiilimiied expanse and equal depth.
It is \eiy I'lear. however, that, although .luch a canal with horse-
power 1o\\a;.'e uciiild piriliahly eeonoinically transport all of the freight
ihat will piiiliahly |ia~s over 111 is nmte for years, it would necessitate
eiilier b]>-:ikin;: i)iilk at tlieiermiiii of the canal or the tbrmation of tows
in bar<;'e> I hat uill not imi'i eroiioiideal considenLtions iu the continua-
tion iif iht-ir join I IV \s in the more capacious channels connecting with
the eanal. I^iit il i> not only a question of economy and ease of navi-
2G42 KKPORT OP THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARICT.
nation and the bost relation between the prism of the canal and tb
locks, but also of the len^h of voyage itself regarding the canal notbj
itself but as only a link in more extended navigation that must be con
sideird. Every one knows that while small boats are* most economieal
for eertain i)uri)oses and distanees, whi<;h distances vary with the
greater or less dillieultyof navigation, yet there is a point beyond which
the cost of hauling sueli l)oatswith their small cargoes, considering also
the interest on their values, is no longer e<!onomical. For this reason,
every when*, to niet»t competition over long routes and rednce cost of
through trans]>ortation, vessels are inci'ea.sing in size and canyiug
eapaeity. evt^i to such a point that all artificial channels and harbors
no longer show any relation between their prisms and the sectional areas
of the boats that navigate them. Obstructive artificial links in the
chain are less costly to navigate by such vessels than to seek by reduc-
ing the siz<>! of the vessels to meet theoretical i^eqnirements of such
ratios betw4H»n vessels (or locks) and channels over x>arts of the voyage.
So I regard the Illinois and Mississippi Gaual, everywhere of snfli-
cient width to allow any two ve^ssels adnntted by the locks (or even
by tlic ])i-<»pos(*d somewhat wider locks) tx) pass each otlier, although
more (U- less deficient in width and depth, of much greater value to com-
mene. as proposed, than it possibly could be were the locks redm*ed in
si/e until only boats of such size <Mmld pass them as could navigate the
prism of the canal with as great freedom and ease as they could Lake
Micliigan.
Tlie canal is for navigation by Mississippi Biver barges, and the locks
can nor advantageously be reduced.
If greater eas(\ facility, or economy of navigation of the prism of the
canal be nMiuircd than given by the proposed dimensions, I should say
let the e<'onoinical and best diuHMisions of the canal prism be adopted,
aft(M' practieal test, to the requirements of barge navigation on the
rpper lMississi]»])i River and tributaries, which have fixed the dimen-
sions of the locks. nitluT than the h)cks be rcfluced in size as required
V by theorizing npon tlu' dimensi<ms of the prism of the canal as sperifled
^ in the law: oi\ in other words, let the requii*ements of existing naviga-
tion be met (if only a[)])roximately), instead of requiring the creation of
a distinct system of navigation suitable only for a link of fiO miles in
the ()<)<) miles of navigation that the proi)osed canal is to sabserve ftom
JSt. Paul to (.'hicago. L«^t the greater govern.
l)y consti'ucting tlu' locks of the size pro])osed the more economical
canal barges of smallei' dimensions, t<>wed by animals, can still navi-
gate the <'anal witli greater tieedom with two barges at a lockage,
while its usefnlness will be many tinu^s extended by providing for the
passage, also, of greater barges (even with obstructive navigation ftom
insutlicient prism), towed by steam, and of a large class of ateamboafei
now in existene(».
No one has heard of locks of too gi'eat cax)acity having ever been
constnieted where tluMc is available water, but comphunts of inmA-
cient ca])aeity of locks, even in cases where they have Deen constnieted
in accordance with thet)reti«*al requirements, are common.
The Krie Canal is a ease in ])oint, the capacity of which was donbled
by doubling the locks in number by parallel loc^ks, and now it is in
question to again increase its capacity, tor the same class of boata how-
ever, by doubling the length of one or both scries of locks to admit tli0
passagt* of two boats at one lockage.
In tiu' ease of the Illinois and ^lississippi Canal the same reaottii
attiiiued by doubling the width of the locks beyond the theoratfasaQy
^Aa&
APPENDIX MM — KEPOET OF CAPTAIN MAfiSHALL. 2643
(tat this prism) best span Tor economical canal bargen, while this c^nrfle
also vantly inereaaea its value, even with an obstructive priain, by ex-
tending the iipbere of its utility to river barges and steamboats in^^t^ad
of coiiSuing it to canal barges.
I have endeavored to give herein, generally, the conclusions I have
arrived at with reforeu<;e to the subject matter of your letter of the a'ltli
inutant If greater detail is required iu more exact terms it will tike
some time, and, as I have said, the conditions are so complex and inde-
terminate tlmt only approximate reHiilts can even then be attained, for
tbe most economical vessel, even upon the high seas or Great Lakes, is
still an oiKQ question, a desideratum that every shipbuilder and vessel-
owner is continually seeking. The question of what is tbe most eco-
nomical vessel, and consequent lock and canal prism, for combined river
and canal navigation is still more diiHc^ult of solution, and varies with
every combinatiou of relative lengths of navigation by river and cnnal,
load and power employed. At best it is only guessing by hypothetical
or empirical rule.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant
w, L. Marshall,
Captain^ Corps of EngiMen.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers, U.S.A.
BEPORT OF MK. I.. L. WliEBLIR, ABBISTAIIT KKGINVXB.
MiuM, lu... Marck 7, ISSI.
Ca-PTAik : 1 have the lienor to sabmit the following " mport ajion 8lim?j8 aaA wttl-
matvs for proposod routes of the lllinoU nnil Mississippi Canal arouiiil thu Tapi<ls in
the Bo(^k ttivur, nl Milan, 111., with map anil iirofilcsoi the Tuiioos prupiMtt>il liupn."
The river iiuil hnrlior liUl of September 19, 1890, apnTopHat«ii $500,000 for thU
work, bnt work iH.i not . online m: is until Noveml.cr IT f(.llowiu{;. I iHiuy Tu Milun
with TlU'MirSTV
s A tri(,;trys;>tv.i,oflri;,n(i;„l!,ti.)„
C^.rr l^l^.n'l t.;
tt,.. Mi-.ssipp! Hivr, di.pli,-^>t,, 1,1,
,^a uf bivelH run ou each liank,
niini.'r«ii» b..ml
, iiiiirks sot, anil tbe iabmdB and shore
s eovereil with stadia elevations.
A hytlroKfiipliio
si,rvey uf the Mississippi Bivei in v:
icinitj of mouth of Rock £iv«r
illso
On rfilneiuK ami platting the notes of these prol imi nary surveys, several impor-
tunt I'iiitH bi'iiriii^ ii)Kiu the lovutiou anU eonstnictiou of the proposed work became
eviili-nt. A brief i^eiit'ral ilescriptinn of the locality will aid in nnderetauding the
siKnilieanecof tlM'se fiiets.
The valley of Hoek Uiver at this point is about IJ miles wide and evideutlv is the
olil bull of a stri'am of much larger volume than that now flowing ijt it. The bills
on either side rise qnite abruptly, the present river bod being along the bills on the
Donh side uulil tbe alluvial vulley of the Mississippi is reached. Tbe river is
divided by islanrls into several channels, one branch leaving the main stream at
Mtlao anil entering the Mississippi liy a separ.ite mouth. The rapids commence at
the head of Cirr Inland and extend dowiintream about 1^ mitee, the total fall at
extreme low water being about V2 feet. High w.tter of the Mississippi is a)>ont 5
feet higher thuu low water at the head of the rapids. The discharge of the stroain
is not know'u to me, but probably vnries from 2,000 to 50,000 cubic feet per second.
The bcil rock of the valley is limo<tane, very much seameil and broken, without bed,
anil entirely wi>rtiile»^, except fur riprap and coucrete. There is no stone suitable
for Diasonrv in tin- vicinity. In tho valley the rock is overlaid by from 1 to 10 feet
of clay ami saml and in some pUi:i's with beds of very clean saud and gravel. In
the hills tile liiiiestoiie is overlaid b; the strata of the Carboniferous age. CokI
miaiog is oue of the industries of the vicinity, and excellent fire clay abounds.
2644 RKPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ABMT.
The first iin]»ortaiit fact sliowu liy tliis survey in that tho sonth shore in the ▼icin-
ity of Milan is too low to ])eriiiit the <IamB being placed as proposed without serious
(laina<^o to Milan and tlie surrounding; loAvlundH. This necessitated placing the
dam a<i'osH tho soutli channel at the \urdd of Carr Islnnd and the construction of
embankments on the north sides of Carr and VandrufT Islands and the closing of
tho channel between them.
Another importaut fact sliown is that the dam across the north channel would
have to he vi?ry mncli hi.i^hcr than had been previously supposed, thereby largely
increasing its cttst and also makin<<; its maintenance of greater uncertainty.
Tlic most imporiiint fa<-t shown is that an independent and feasible route for the
canal exists on tlu' south shore and the estimates show it to be murli less expensive
tfian the pro]>osed route along the north shore. This is the more important as it
had become evident that if only one route existed the acquiring of the necessary
lauds for right of way and sites for structures was going to be a serious matter.
As the work of reduction and estimates ])rogre8sed it became more and more evi-
dent that the southern route possessed other and more important advantages than
that of being a check upon the demands of property owners on the northern route.
The southern route as ])ro])osed leaves tho river at the head of Carr Island by a
guard lock, and down to Mill Oeek the canal 8e<'tion is entirely on the main shore.
This shore is a very stable one, the original meander stone of the United States Land
Survey being still iu ])lace on the range lino, and the distance on tho section line
to the shore above Mill Creek being the same as given by the land survey. From
Mill (-reek to up])er end of Hig Island it is ])roposcd to carry the cluial in the river
bed by two i)ara1hd embankments, the branch of the river flowing south of Big Is-
land being entirely cut otf from the main stream and left as a channel for Mill
C-reek. From the head of Hig Island to the mouth of Rock River the cansl is en-
tirely on land and presents no engineering difiiculties. On the contrary, it presents
great advantages in having good material for concrete and mortnr in the immediate
vicinity of tho ]n'(»posed locks and in taking the required depth to the Mississippi
River, in marked contrast to the northern route, which leaves about 1 mile over
which the rctiuired depth would have to be obtained by wing dams and dredging in
Rock River. It also presents the advantage of passing through farming lands wnirh
can be obtained at reasonalde figures, and which have not been subjected to wild-cat
speculations and the conseciuent clouding of titles. It also offers the advantage of
constructing the canal without placing the United States in a position of either
purchasing decayed water-i)owers, or entering into relation with owners of water-
powt*rs whi<"li would j>robably prove expensive and unsatisfactory in the end.
Tin? n(»rthern rf)ute has been previously estimated on by yourself. The same
route is tbllow<Ml in these estimates exccept the change made necessary in the loca-
tion ot* the dams.
In the estiuiatcs sulunitted herewith, the cost of structures as far as they were
similar have been taken directly from the estimates given in your report to the Chief
of Engineers, dated June '21, 181)0, and the prices given therein have been used. The
quantities in excavations and embankments have been computed from the notes of
this survey and may becousidered to be close approximations towhatthe final quan-
tities will be.
The total estiuuited cost of the two routes is as follows:
Item.
ExravatioTi ami oiiibaT)l;inciit
Striu'tiin's
Iti«:l>t ol" way ami sitis
Cuntiiiy;«*ii«'i<s. 10 piT <riit . . .
T.»tul
Ivortheni
route.
$00,886
847, 42S
35.986
4J»;»25
Sontlmii
routA.
6140,847
n6.B08
16.381
87,412
498,574
411,
T)ill\T.MUM\ :?P7,ai5.
Your rs|iuiat<\s of .June 21, IS!K). made this t(dal for the northern route $491,230,
and ihc inrrras** licrc shown is mtircly du«' to the iucrease in the estimated cost of
ri^rht of way. The cost of cx<'avation and embaukmeut remains almost the samei
while the cnst (»f dams is dci-nascd about ."f 12,000.
\'ery n'spi'et Tully, your obedient servant,
L. L. Whrrlsr.
AtHtitint Engimmr.
Cap(. \V. L. Makshat F.
Corps of EnyinvtiSj L\ S, A.
APPENDIX MM — ^KEPOBT OP CAPTAIN MAE8HALL.
Northern rouU, etUmaU 0/ ccit oj (tioat'iiliuu and entAnntnMnt.
:6^"
IMd.
^'
PMm,
Amount
a. RSI
4,S10
)0.4J3
E1.1M
ts
H.DU
1
.10
.u
i.n
,M
I. SO
!l9
,
bfavaUon Bhu* Cual (Uaidpui) „..
ABbukmoit L^k M U t'lIrteV Id^ :
Sovihem rvmi*, eiHtital* o/om( q^i
Ulfwij brMX0 (piTctf- -
Bghww mMI ulnalii trtk rilln»d tiridgB wimtlntrtoii MYat| 3>,taii.[X
SslB-tnok nllru>l biidn (plTot) m.Mo.«
|M3[IIa.l(l.at;iiBt1iR. HO,I»«.«
£Mkifo.)T.*(««eiin «,«3(.oi
friuli diuni Bi atA. ai
Xaspar*! dmUing*
fc::
UttrWem roDfa), Mtimal« 0/ m
•l»/ri,*l (./«..,.
Oner.
Mo. of
Fdeepar
MO
ToU
It T Jh
U.85
3.ItJ«.0(l
•22.6OT.0<F
iV''' ""■'■, ' ■; ,
1,17
1.81
'soo
M
ilmoo
«,«.«
t ReboilillogpownlionBa.
Mcarafton and emhanhm^Rt.
C«bio
yard*.
Prloe.
Amonirt.
i,ii5
60,»70
22,083
14, 8»
IK. wo
14. 8»
30,47S
to. 15
.■a
.IE
.U
.IS
:i5
fK3.M
T,«U.U
83,140.00
^14B.C0
83,300; 00
2Z,a8.M
i
l.88(;8t
T «■
f
M0.M7.40
1
2646 EEPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U- B- ARMT.
Souihern routCf estimate ofeoBt o/Btrveturm,
Dam No. 1, 530 ftft lonp. 8 feet !iigh
Dam No. 2. HOO fcvt luug. 8 fVct high
G uanl l<M-k
|l«.4il
si.as
41.901
Gulvert, 36 inrhea 2|400
W'aAte wt'ir, UK) fri't long 1,000
Highway bridge (pivot) S,80O
Siiigle-trnck railroitd bridge (pivot) 23.n0
Lock No. 30, 6 fi*t lift 88» 170
Farm bridge 1,810
Wante wt-ir, HO fiM*t long t 500
LockNo.37, 1-JfiM't litt 80,500
Kwpon*' dwellings (3) 1,4<0
Fencing, 4.5 miles, at ^20 1,4*0
Total no,
Southern route, estimate of cost of right of way*
Owner.
No. of
aeras.
Priea
peracNw
TMd
eott
• Lnkcn & Berk wit h
.88
4.84
8.07
18.48
0100
MS.M
Hannah Ne wburir
' 75 , 818.00
M. T. J"»hn«on ......... r. ................................... ......r^-r-
75
•75
072.75
JolmTindall
1,8801 00
*5,000i00
D. L. Ciinkle
Sears Urothei's ,
4.10
18.00
8.80
18.80
8.87
28.00
8. 85
.11
8.B
8.74
8L18
78,608.00
1,880.00
C. "\V. Mosher
100
00
00
80
80
75
80
80
80
80
M, Gobel
The Hanmm estate
811.80
The Van<lruti* estate
408.90
Peter Fries
1,480.00
1,188.7»
5b BO
Swan Jolmson estate*
David Boale. ,
Paul Ilardnagcl
411.00
A. Peterson
1887.00
^88.00
David Pavuo
Total*
10^808.18
* Milan wator-power. t Including water-power rights, tl^^ damagM denuBulBd. f80O te teU*
ings.
bepobt of captain w. l. marshall, oobfs of engineebs.
United States Enginebb Qffiob,
Chicagoj 111, Mareh 19y 1891.
Gi^NEH al : I have the honor to forward herewith a blue-print map ct
the vicinity of the mouth of Kock Elver showing the proposed locations
(northern and southern) for the western 4 miles of the lUiuois and MU-
sissippi Canal.
Tho ])huis for this improvement submitted with my final report dated
Juiu' 21, 1890, were based upon such data as had been seenrod by sor-
voys made in 188!i and 1885, whiQh data was lacking in other informa-
tion, es])e('ially along the south shore of Bock S^ver and in levelij even
along tlu' northern line.
As all the former surveys had been directed towards the northerly line,
the i)lans based ui)on them nei*essarily followed the lines of survey.
Soon after beginning a detailed examination of t3» vicinity, more e*-
I'ecially witli a view of making detailed legal descriptions and plat8 of
lands, et<*., required for right of w<\y /\1 ^aa discovered that th& vicin-
ity had been the scene of many dA^i^^v^vtoua «>'pe(OTl^^ dating back in
their beginning a half centurv c>x v^fli^^'^^^^ Tecraring at intervals to
the present time, which have feft:^ ^^\5OT^^^ otXymieA and nuned mills,
dams, lawsuits, and clouded tit \^^>^^\^'^^^^\^^&««m3^^^
ern bank in the vi<dnitv of Ses^^^o^;" t*!^^*^' vt^w^iao discovered thst
since the publication of the ri-^ — ^vib'^^'^'^^^r;^^ wtomtted ^fia^
cllorts were being made to c1c-===5^^!hA^^^^ w«miiVrt» tbe needod
APPENDIX MM — REPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2647
lands along the nortliern route in tlio bands of a few parties, as I be-
lieved with the intention of either demanding exorbitant priees for right
of way, or to saddle upon the United States i)rivate water powers to
be created and maintained by the United States forever, or to compel
the United States to purchase this doubtful title to water-power riglits
at very renninerative prices, before this i)art of the canal could be built.
Search was then immediately begun for a second route around the
lower rapids of Kock Kiver that would comply with the law fixing the
terminus of the canal at the mouth of Eock River. This has necessi-
tated much work in the field and office not originally contemplated, and
has delayed the commencement of the work by several months, but I
believe to the great advantage of the Government, for such a route has
been found probably 16 per cent, less costly than the northern or orig-
inal route, and that more certainly enables us to carry 7 feet of water
to the mouth of Rock River.
NORTHERN LINE.
The dams were laid out on the plans submitted near the locations of
the dams as built by the water-power owners, but the present survey
shows the impracticability, on account of the low site of the town of
Milan, of building a dam of the necessary height across the south chan-
nel of Rock River at Milan.
The modified northern line is as follows : A dam across the south
branch or channel at the head of Carr Island; the north channel of
Rock River and Sears Canal to be followed ; an embankment or levee
above high water to be carried continuously on Carr and Vandruff
Island to the head of Sears Canal, with a dam (18 feet high) J2 feet
lift, to be built here across the north arms. A lock of 8J feet litt with
two exits, (1) for medium to high, and (2) for low water service, with
guard walls 7 feet above low water in the upper pool, to be built at the
foot of Sears Canal.
Thence to the foot of Turkey Island a canal formed by an embank-
ment in the river bed, and a levee on Turkey Island terminated by a
lock of 8J feet lift near the foot of Turkey Island. Thence to the Mis-
sissi])pi River — a little more than a mile — an improvement by brush
wing dams in the bed of Rock River. (I think this of doubtfiU prac-
ticability as the natural depth does not exceed 2 to 3 feet, the discharge
of Rock River small (3,000 cubic feet per second*), and the bottom of
sands).
SOUTHERN ROUTE.
Dams to be built 7 to 8 feet in height (on rock foundation, and of
only 4 feet head of water against them), across both channels of Rock
River at the head of Carr Island. The canal thence to the mouth of
Rock River to be located on the south bank, either on the main land or
on Rig Island, with the excei)tion of a section of canal built by em-
bankment or embankments in the bed of Rock River from just above
the mouth of Mill Creek to the head of Big Island, cutting ott* and clos-
ing the slough behind Big Island. The reason for this construction
will be given hereafter.
Along the route there Avill be one guard lock at the head of the canal,
one loclc of (i feet lift near the head of Silver Ljtke, and one lock " at
the mouth of Rock River'' of 12 feet lift. Silver Lake will furnish a
dc^ep and sulficiently commodious basin.
*It lias been nscortained by sabseqnent meaHuremcuts that the low-water dis-
charge of Rock River does not exceed 1,500 cubic feet per second. — W. L. M.
i
I
Olio of the inosl, important ndvinifa{;cs<if this liiii' iirimw (Wtui tlit- (nut
'that there must be oscavated ftoin the. prism of thp trarial » priMt*^ part
of the ripraj) stone retpured for dams and embankiurtits, nl»o clfaii pit
Band nnd griivel coiitiuning Ibsr than 3 per cent, of earth or soluble
matter, and entirely free &om carboDate of lime, i. c. siliremis sand and
gravel, so tliat, if it be allowed to build the ma>tonr,v of artiftf^ial Htoiie
of Poitland cement, the excavation of tUe cmial i)risin will furniHh all
the material, and of the best qnality of its cla«a, exrept ccinpnl, for the
coustiuction of the locks, weirs, abutJncnfs of /lams, and hriiljicx, Thi«
fact, in view of the inferior qnality of the magm'siaii linicKtoiie^ and
sandstones accessible for building purposes, is well worth cousirieiing
in connection with this route.
With reference to the southern line the only difficulty is in the ^lin-
Sositiou of Mill Ci-eek, which enters the southern chatinel iif Kock
Jver a mile or less above the town of Milan. This stream rises Unrb
in the hills and blufl's, and being of st*ep sIoimj and of fiuHieient water
ehed, is subject to sudden and rapid rises ami brings down a K'ciit deti*
of sediment. At times of high water it overflows its banks and 1'
the low lands back of Milan, the overflow going towards the Mi
sippi.
The level of the banks at and below the mouth of Mill Oreek is f
that it is not advisable to take this stream into the eanal. as, by I
ing it up, it might interfere witli the drainage of lands, and would
tainly be made the ground of claims for damages, whetlies jnstf
not, at every higli water.
It is practieabic to carry Mill Creek under the canal throu};rh invert*,
except possibly at extreme floods, when part of its discharge wonhi
have to be taken into the caujiJ. In this case but one enibauknieut
vould be required in the bed of tiock Itiver from Mill Greek t.,
head of Big Island, and a second bank across Big Slough to foiix
canal. ^
The plan submitted, however, and shown in skeleton on tliu j
herewitli, is to form the canal by two paiallel paved embankment
the bed of Rock River, leaving a channel way for Mill Oreek to J
charge through Big Slough into the Mississippi River.
It is not believed to be practicable to follow Hie northern i-ontc i ,
out either a long lielay and litigation to get rights of way and q«S_.
claims to water powers, or else, in shorter time, to involve the Fnitwl
States in a partnership or divided control over the discharge ol' Ittick
Kiver. In the case of such partnership, or divided contjol, the Unit<'d
States will And themselves responsible for all expense for ci'cating and
inaintjiining a water power for private interests, and in the smne posi-
tion as elsewhere, notably at Moline, 111., and on tlie Fox Biver, f. c,
unable either to modify their works if desirable without heavy damages,
or to abandon them if at any time advisable to do so. vUong this
TTOUte the material neceaaary for the embank nient. IVom the loot ol' .Seiu«
'Canal to Turkey Island ia a light loam and will tlnrefore require either
a iiinch heavier bank or special prccaiitions and expense to i>roi)orly
net it; and linally, it la doubtliil whethei' 7 feet of water can be
i)iji;iirii«l in Rock River neiu' its month by wing dams and the method
(jf cimtriM'tioii and scour.
On the other hand, along the southern route, the water-power dams
arc alt broken down, the mills barned, and the elaimant« of the water
powers have no rights derived tlviu State charters or fnimhise of any
kind. They have never had other than a squatter's right to the waf — "
and moreover only two parties or claimants are to be dealt wilh. j
>s itacE ,
- water
[1 tln^^J
M
nl^^H
tst^^^H
invert*. ■
a wonhi
uknieait _
k t<UJig^
he^^l
ito^^H
d quBin
h.k)rA.II0EM4C0..Btlto..M
JPPKNUIX MM — RKPOBT OF CAl^TAIN MABSHALL. 2649
Hte** district titb>ni«\r givt^s iiu^ wt IiIk ii]iiiiioii tliot tla^Hv pnr-
no rluiin t« any whUm-jiowiii- piivilvgcw that nuwl lie rrsintlrcl
jte4l States uhIi^hm jlivy clumsc to iittciDpt to "t^ii* by iryniie-
roik of coiiRtrnilii.li, wlimi llii-ir ri^bt« intiy he (K'k«iiiiiiiiid
We slioiild itol n-iii«tii/c llicir rijjtYits by dogilfiif; with thtm
^iiiuing the wurkn. Tlicy mii»l pmvii their lifchtx if thuy thhik
any.
southern route, >Uso, the flill <lv[>th of 7 f(>«t can ho ciirrioid to
uua of the canal "at the mouth of Rock Uivur." Wcom
depth by the southern route, at rcaAouahle oxpfii^ie^ to the
liiiua; it i& doubtful if it can be done by the prupoHed north-
se reasons I have to respectfVdly recommend that tlie sonth-
be approved, but, irrespective of the ahovo rcasoiirt. whitdi in
11 lire auEQcieut to dotcnnine the qnestioii, the probable cost
itheni route ia the less; it will give boat iandiu};s iuid fucili-
■ only^t«wn in this vicinity, Milan, luid shipping t'otihties to a
.er extent to a rich agnftultorol vicinage, than the northern
ich cannot be approached with facility on ncount of the bhiOJ*.
lud low hind», from the head of the rapids to the Kliasissippi
,rd herewith the report of Assistant L, li. Wheeler upon the
the vicinity of the mouth of Kock Eiver,
Imntes for the two works ui'e otj fullowB:
Lboru mute OS Bulmitted bj IDC June 31, 1690 M91,2&3
, 08 required by recent anrvoys <{)8.5Ti
thern roiK* 111.029
■orf.f«.iiil.rrii roiuo 87,0*5
of thi' eight hour Iitw, and of the difHcnlty and datigeraof
iig iiiiil ]irnt<>i-tiiig cmbiinkmcnts built in the beds of rivers,
rifd lo tliink thiil nil of tlu-Kr I'^timatea are too low by 20 per
in my iiiiiiiinn tin- r'Inlire cont of the two routes ia probably
la^.iii V f.Lii I.I- liiiilt of iirlilicial stone, which will liei-eafter
iriHl,.,!. (Ill- hi<*k> iiMV Im. iiirn-aswi in width to :15 or M feet,
:in \rv\ ;l* ii[ilrivii, jimI iIk' lnjiinpabe made pivot^ instead of
Mini iiir[(M-ri| <■l.^[ III' II nliro riinal, or of tliehniks, to the
iilrv wil! lie (111- siilijcci of a separate communinition to the
i'i!i'-(ii|>li"iis of all liinilf* rc(|iiirfd for the improvement along
-~ Ii;l\'i' hvvn {it'<']ni)t-<]. and full nbstract^ of title to lands
ninilii'i'ii, nr inLiili-ln'il I'lnitj', hiivc bi-en neai'ly completed.
v\ ;t^'ii'i'iiii'iil>. an diiritril by the law, in accordance with a
tiiili'i dfawrt Tip ti_\ (In- I'liited States attuniey for the north-
[ nl' lllitiiii''. ail' lii'ing ]iri'p:i[*ed in this offlc« for acceptailC-e
n 1>v Fill' M'piiii'i] 11" n<'i.-> iil'^ui'h land^ in advance of the de-
II III iIk' iixiIi'. anil il is hiipi'd tliat in any event all lands re-
iinli'imi.iliiiii al'iiij; ri!)ii-i' rimte niiiy be bi-ongbt before tlie
\ M'-ii.T|iii||y. wmfol.c.li.-iir servant.
W. L. Mabshall,
Captain of E}igiiwr$,
■a, TirM\[vs I,. I'v-;i;\.
i\
2650 report of the chief of engineers, u. s. abmt.
letter of the chief of engineers.
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
WashingtOHj B. C, March 27 j 1891.
Captain : Your report of the 19th instant on the survey of the pro-
posed locations (northern and southern) for the western 4 mUes of the
Illinois and Mississippi Canal, with estimates of the cost of each, in
which you recommend approval of the southern route, was duly received
and submitted to the War Department with tlie following indorsement:
[First indorsement.]
Office Chief of Enginerrs,
U. S. Armt,
March gS, 1891.
Respectfully submitted to the Secretary of V7ar.
Under the t^rms of the river aud harbor acts of August 11, 1883, and September 19,
1890, providing for the construction of the Illinois and Mississippi Canal, this water
way is to be (jonstructed on such lino as may be approved by the Secretary of War,
anci it is re<'ommeiided that the proposed southern location for the western 4 niiles
of the canal be approved.
Thos. Lincoln Casey,
Brig. Gen,, Chief of Engineen,
The recommendation of this oflSce has been approved by the Secretary
of War under date of the 25th instant.
By connnand of Brigadier-General Casey:
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
IT. M. Adams,
Major y Corps of Engineen.
Capt. W. L. Marshall,
Corps of Engineers.
letter of captain w. l. marshall, corps of enoineers.
United States Engineer Office,
Chicago, Ill.j May 7, 1891.
CiENKRAL: As the ri^ht of way for the construction of as much of
the llliiMMs and Mississi])])i (Ileniio])iii) Canal lis tlie current ax)])ropria-
tion ()t' e'ji .")()(), 000 will ])}iy for will i)robal)ly soon be obtained, it iwsneces-
siii y to draw up the specifications for such parts of the work as maybe
best (lone* bv contract, and also for the material for masonry and such
other work as may be best done by hired labor.
The riyer and harbor act of Sept(Mnber 19, 1800, allows the Secretary
of War to alter the dimensions of the locks, if the cost of the work is
not inci eased thereby.
The a])proyed dimensions of tlie locks are 170 feet long between miter
sills, 7 feet dee]), and 30 feet width.
it is not adyisable to chan<»'e the dimensions of the locks to diminish
them, nor can they be increased, if of mamnrii, of cut st<me, under the
law.
Still it is yery desirabhi that the locks be made wider than 30 feet
Th(\y should be 35 feet wide at least, for the followini:^ reas<ms:
(1) Such a width wcmld allow the locks to accommodate the larger
pro])ortion of steand)oats nayi<;^atinft* the Upper Mississippi River, which
can not enter locks of 30 feet width.
APPENDIX M M — HEPORT OK CAPTAIN MARSHALIj. 2651
(2) Tlie ooiiiiectiou of the canal witli the Grt-ulIjakuK in liy tUelllhiuiH
and Mirhigan Cuiial, the boats of which arc 07 I'wt hiUK and 17 futft
wide. The locks as deslgiied will pass only one of thL<8it boats at a
lockage, bat if widened r> I'eet will be doublul iii capacity, and iiteo
take ill a tug for towing them.
Now , the accessible stone for the construction of the locks of this
canal is nf inferior qtinlity, the best being the iiiugnesian Umuutone of
Joliei. wlii«Oi absorb water and crack by frost, but nearly everywhere
alon^ tho line of the canal is found a good quality of siUcious i^and and
grav'l. which by an admixture of the best quiility of Portland cement
will ttv.ikL' an artificial stone which will be as hard as and better re-tist
the Hiiiiiii of the elements than the native building stones, and will bo
miicli more et^onomically aud strongly repaired, at an expense uoin-
pared with natural stone, I estimate, ia the ratio of 10 for the artificial
to 17 I'l.r the natural stone.
In tlie excavation of the canal prism ti'om the month of Bock River to
the hc;ul of Milan Kapids, beds of purely silicious sand and gravel are
met with, with only 3 per cent, of imtmiities, suflictent in extent, within
the right of way, to construct the lliree lucks, and innch of the other
masonry of that part of the canaL Native stone is excavated, which,
broki'Ti, will furnish all the additional material needed.
It is very evident that if the canal prism excavation can be n>ade to
fiiriiisli ;ill or Aven the greater part of the material niwded, that a most
econcii'iLnl conditio!) is eiieountt^rcd.
With refeifnce to the use of this material, artificial stone, for engineer-
ing constnictions, I have to' say that it ia no longer experimental. I
have t') refer to the aqueduct tor the supply of the city of Paris, France,
with water; to the I.ivcriMK)! Docks, Knj^land ; to the Manchester Ship
Canal. KuRlaiid; to the naifrazinos and other iimsonry for our forti-
fications, siniit; of wliii-h. as at Portland, Me., have been exposed for
years to very rigorous rliinatcs; and finally to the Canal St. Denis,
l-'rani-c. wlierc Ticar Paris a very iniiiintaiit canal lock has been entirely
ein-sirurlfd i>l' a riibbli- iMuirrflc. witliout a single cut stone being ein-
pliiv<'d in ils cnustiui'lii'ii.
Moreover. I liavi- to say. tliat I have built here in Chicago someC,0(X>
ciihii- yanls ut' artitieial stone tor llu- public improvement of the Lake
Mirlii;.Mn Irout of l.irii'olu Park, tin- tlie eonimissionersof Lincohi Park,
and am t'ainiliar witJi ils niantpiilation. Tliis material lias resisted three
Cliiia^'o winters willnnit I rust eracks, and is now us s<mndaswhen laid.
1 liilieve that lliis aialeiial should be more extensively used upon
river and harlmr works, esju'eially whore skilled lalior is scarce — to hew
stniie iiud lay it up — and wlicre good stone is dillicult to obtain and
clii-a|.er of artitieial stoi\<' tliaii of :
al>i.iil HI for tlie aititieial to al>out 17 for the natural.
(L'l 'j'liat if the iirlilicial stone is suc-essful. tJierc is a wide field for
its H-e in river and harlior works clsewJieie, at a verv gi-eat saving to
till- Ir.ited States.
('■'•) 'I'liat if allowi'd on tliis work, that the locks can be increased in
si/e from ;i<i feet in width tn Xi feet in widtJi, and that moreover all
bridi^es may lie made pivol in' drawliridfics instead of fixed bridges,
ami tile eanal ean he made a ship or .steamboat canal instead of a tow-
paili or haryt; canal, with animal power, and without increased cost
2652 REPORT OF THE CmEP OF ENGINEERS, U. 6. ARMY.
over the estimates already submitted, which estimates are based upcm
the use of cut-stone masonry.
I have therefore to respectfully request that the masonry of the three
locks and tlie dam across Eock Eiver be constructed of artiUcial stone
of Portland cement, and as far as practicable of gravel, sand, and stone
excavated fi*om the prism of the canal.
The locks to be of 35 feet width, instead of 30 f^et, but otherwise of
the same dimensions and construction as heretofore submitted, and
that the bridges be made pivot or draw, instead of fixed, with a view
of extending this construction to the entire canal, should the experi-
ment justify it.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. L. Marshall,
Oaptairij Corps of JEngineen,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey.
Chief of Engineers^ U. a. A.
\
LETTER OF THE GHIEF OF ENGINEERS.
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington, B. C, May 31j 1891.
Captain: Your letter of the 7th instant, recommending that the
masonry of the three locks and the dam across Eock River on the line
of the Illinois and Mississippi Canal be made of concrete, was duly
received at this office and submitted to the War Department with
indorsement, of which the following is a copy:
[First indorsement.]
Office Chief of Engineers,
U. 8. Army,
May II, 1891.
Respoctfnlly Biibmitted to tho Secretary of War.
The act of An;j;ust 11, 1888, jirovidoB for the location of the Illinois and Mississippi
Canal, with locks 170 ft'ot lon^i; and 30 feet wide. The act of September 19, ISK.',
provides that the Secretary shall, in his discretion, change or alter the dimensions of
Jocks of said canal and feeder, if, in his o])inion, the cost of said iiiii>rov<'ment ie uot
thereby increas<Ml.
Cai)tain Marsliall now recommends that the looks be made 35 feet wide; that the
lock walls l>e made of concrete, using Portlan<l cement and, so far as practicahle,
sand, gravel, and Ht(^n(^ excavated from the ])ri8m of the canal. If constructed in
this way, the cost of th«' locks will not be increaseil and Captain Marshall's ]>roposi-
tiou is recommended for approval under authority of the act of Sei)tember i9, 1890.
Tiios. Lincoln Casey,
Brig, Gen,j Chief of J-Jntfineers.
It has been returned approved by the Acting Secretary of War under
date of May n, ISO J.
Your recomniendation that the bridges across tliis i)ortioii of the
water way be made pivot or draw instead of fixed, is also api)roved.
By connuand of lUigadier-General Casey:
Very respectfully, your obedieut servant,
H. M. Adams,
Major, Corps of Engineeri.
Capt. W. L. Marshall,
Corps of Engineers,
APPENDIX MM KKPOUT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL.
2653
REPORT OF MR. L. L. WIIEKLER, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
MiiJiN, III., June 16, 1891,
Captain: I have the houor to submit the folio wm<^ report upon measureuieuts of
hridRos over Rock River in this vicinity, made with special reference to determin-
ing their capacity for permitting Hood waters to pass. This information has been
compiled mainly to determine what effect the closing of the south slough is liable
to have on the remaining bridges and channels. Herewith are three maps showing
tho relative locations of the several bridges in the vicinity of Milan, with skeleton
plan and elevation of each bridg(» and cross section of the channel way. A cross
secticm of the whole valley at the Moline bridge is also shown. Views or the bridge
are also shown. First of all a sytematic effort has been ma<le to determine the ele-
vation and volume of the maximum flood resulting from head waters.
Every house in the valley between Milan and the mouth of Coal Valley Creek hiia
been visited, and the residents questioned in regard to ilood heights. Good (foter-
miiiation of flood height at and below Milan were.'ilso made. Some well-defined marks
were found and from these an a])proxiuiation to high-water slope has be(;n made.
The value of this slope above the ra})ids varies from 0.0002 to 0.0004, giving veloci-
ties varying from 5.8 to 8.1 feet per second. The elevation of high water of April
24, 1881, at the Moline l)ridg<», seonis to W, well determined. The cross sectional area
under this liridge below that high water is 11,970 S(]|^uare feet and outside the abut-
ments 2,020 sr^uare fet^t. (See protile of valh^y at this point.) The area below high
wat^'Fat a point 1 mile above the Moline bridge is 13,000 square feet. It is probable
that the volume of discharge outside the bridge abutments was not great, the flow
being broken by fences, brush, and other obstructions.
It appears probable from this data that the maxunum flow could not have exceeded
60,000. The Mississippi River ('ommission had parties at this time gauging the
Upper Mississippi River. The flow at this time at Clayton, Iowa, just below the
Wisconsin River, was about 70.000 cubic feet per second.
Tho flow at H<annibal, Mo., wjvs about 270,000 cubic feet yer second, or the amount
furnished by the drainage area between Clayton an<l Hannibal was 200,000 cubic
feet per second. This total area is 51,123 square miles, and that of the Rock River is
9,692 S([uare mil<^. The flood of 1881 was tne highest known in the Rock River, and
was caused by a heavy body of snow melting su<hlenly under warm rains. The snow
and rains were widespread and i)robably covered the entire drainage area between
Clayton and Hannibal. Allowing for the fact that the maximum floods in the several
tributaries would not occur at tlu^ same time, and taking into consideration the re-
lation of the Rock River drainage area to the whole area, it seems very probable that
Rock River did not contribute more than one-thinl of the difl'erence of discharge be-
tween Clayton and Hannibal, or about 67,000 cubic feet i>er seccmd.
This discharge would correspond to a velocity of less than 6 feet per second under
the Moline bridge.
ITie following table shows the ar(>a under each bridge below the lowest member
thereof.
Bridges over Rock Itiver.
Bridges.
Boek Inland and Peorift Railway :
No. l.fVoni Milan
N<». 2, from Milan
Xo.3, fruni Milan
Wncou bridjjes:
No. l.froni Milan
Nu. 2, from Milan
No. 3, fh>in Milan
Nu. 4, from Milan
•
Mohne wagon bridge *
No. of
Length
Total
Hpans.
of spans.
length.
Feet.
Feet.
Feet.
2
135
270
3
135
400
3
155
465
2
130
278
1
137
137
3
C 1-40
) 2-io:j
1 260
2
157
815
5
5 1- 47
\ 4-1C2
} 701
•
Elevation
of low-
est mem-
ber.
Area.
Feet. Sq.feet.
3.574
5,521
9,251
135.2
133.4 i
137.0
134.1
133.5
132.5
135.5
142.5
3.608
1,758
3,093
6,146
13,767
* DiHchar^c area at lii«;U water, 11,076 square foot.
From this table it will be seen tliat after closing the south slough the two remain-
ing railway bridges have an an*a exceeding tht^ high- water area under the Moline
Bri<lge by 2,790 square feet. As tlie bed slope is mucli greater at the railroad bridges
than at Moline Bridge, the velocity would be greater were it not for the back water
from tlie Mississippi River, which would tend to reduce the current and increase the
height. Several determinations of high- water marks above the <lams make an eleva-
tion of about 133.^ while determinations of back water vary from 131.2 to 131.6.
it iH lielivvod lliiit tbe rloHJnK of the eolith aloiigh vriU iTimiiiish
iii^ the (l!iU)!;er I'runi iiiiiutiig tue vhuu the movement takeo plaoes
on I ill my tluuil Ht:igp.
Viina I'l'iiny SIoukIi tii head ol' rapiils near lltlan there is but
whfU itw is ruumiiug the depth of water is probably safficient to <
out gOKilig.
Van Isliuid divides the river into two I'hnniichi with a totnl wid
l.i'iOO I'l'et. ami the depth iB rorrcBpoadliigly dei'rooaed. At the fbol
two rhauiifla ore c<iuii<'['teil by a narrow but deep channel. Hill
the soul h just oppiNtite this elm oncL Below this point where itia]
the I'liiiuuel, the ehaancl widcne out and filially la separated into
Hakes ;iud Ui(; lalai)dit. Ju^t above these islands the aouth olu
wide and the north ■ hiuinel 400 feet. When the area of this Mctl
hiKh-wutijr area ut MoIiiiP Uridge the stage wonld he 130.6 foet. '
I'hauuel tvould be tt.5 feet deep niid 7.5 below propoaed gnde tit tl
eiiiliaukmont. It ap|Hiara ftuiii the information loraiahed bjr Mr,
that the ma»miini xtii^e ut mill on Milan front iB 133.25 (sea folio
licit Hiu'prisiiig, thi'U, l£at in tJiU Ticinity the iue ^onld freqnuit
very Itiibilitv of iiniMir mereof thechoDUols gorging and throwiaj
r<-ii] Hilling diiiiinel is a great element of danger.
L'milil all the water be eonducted down one channel of snffleiei
Hoiid vuliune it in very probable the iee would do less danuwe tlwi
It ia bi'lieveil, therefore, that I'lotiiug the south Rlougb will not h
to the bridgi's eithei' from tlixHls or iee, nuless the stage sbonld ba i
ii'o M[id drift to Btriko llie lowest ineiul>er(i.
All the old niajis anil stateiuents of old inhabitants agree In pi
ehuiinel, on the Milan fmnti someliues in one position and som
ouii iir more aiind liars or islands.
Thin siiiiiily lueniiB that the L'hanuel is wider titan reqnirod ii
stn-;iiu, and this gi'ealiT width has probably been caased by the
the exiiling ehauuels by ice.
It liaH been the iiiHtoiti of Scat's Suns to pnt flush boards on tb
wHB breaking up and by that means prevent the ioe going oTerHia
it til tiike the smitli eh:iniipl.
I.iist Hpriiig the iee did not run in tlie north (channel, bnt a larg*
north of (.'urrlibiiid and rctiirni^d Ut the south rhannel by the out
Till' south si" uy;li WHS entirely elnseil by the first nm of ice.
The following table gives the oluvationn of high water aa deten
Data in regard to hiijlt-usater marln in viofiiUji of MUt
I I>i»tnn™n ' \ i
APPENDIX MM — ^EEPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2655
It will be noticed on the index map of bridges near Milan tliat tliere is an old
water-power canal on the north side of Hakes Island. It is j)rohable that in part
it occimies part of the original river bed, and is something of an obstruction to the
flow of the stream. The mills are })iirnod and the dams destroyed and it may well
be doubted if they ever will be r<d)uilt. The water way of that channel could be
materially increased by removing the side of the <mnal and the wreckage which
Eartly closes it and building a8lK>rt-sj>au wagon bri<lge over the channel thus made,
f thought advisable a second span could be i)ut over the channel between Big Island
and Hakes Island without interfering with the canal.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
L. L. Wheri>er,
AsaUtant Engineer,
Capt. W. L. Marshall,
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
ANNUAL REPORT OF MR. L. L. WHEELER, ASSISTANT ENGINEER.
Milan, III., June SO, 1891.
Captain: I have the honor to submit the following report upon the work on the
Hlinois and Mississippi Canal for the fiscal year ending .June 30, 1891:
The river and harbor act of September 19, 1890, appropriates $500,000 for this
work, but work did not commence until November 17 following. I came to Milan
October 22, and, wlule waiting orders, thoroughly examined the vicinity of the pro-
posed works and prepare<l for making surveys covering the entire locality. The
weather proved ex(*eptioually fine diu'ing the winter and good jirogrcss was made
with the surveys. A tertiary system of triangulation was measured from the head
of Carr Island to the Mississippi River, duplicate lines of levels run on each bank,
nnmerous bench-marks set and the islands and shores covered with stadia elevations.
Soundings were taken in Rock River below the rapids and a hydrographic survey
made of the Mississippi River near the mouth of Rock River. Since submitting my
report on the proposed routes, March 7, 1891, the surveys have in part been carried
up the river about 4 miles above Carr Island.
The valley of Rock River at this point is about 1^ miles wide and evidently is the
old bed of a stream of much larger volume than that now flowing in it.
The hills on either side rise quite abrui)tlv, the ])resent river bed being along the
hills on the north side until the alluvial valley of the Mississippi is reached. The
river is divided by islands into several (rhaunels. one branch leaving the main stream
at Milan and entering the Mississippi by a separate mouth. The rapids commence
at the head of Carr Island and extend downstream almut 1^ miles, the total fall at
extreme low water being about 12 feet. High water of the Mississippi is about 5
feet higher than low water at the head of the rapids. The discharge of the stream
is not known to me, but i>robably varies from 2,000 to 50.000 cubic feet ])er second.
The extreme maximum now may reach 65,000 to 70,000 cubic feet per second. The
be<l-rock of the valley is limestone, very much seamed, and broken and worthless,
except for riprap and concrete. There is no stone suitable for masonry in the ininie-
diate vicinity. 'In the valley the rock is overlaid by Irom 1 to 10 feet of clay and sand
and in some places by very clean sand and gravel. In the hills the limestone is over-
laid by the strata of the Carboniferous age. Coal mining is one of the industries of
the vicinity and excellent fire clay abounds.
. The fall in the river early attracted the attention of parties interested in water-
power, and dams and mills of various kinds were built. The State of Illinois con-
structed a canal by the rapids at an early day and private parties at a later date
c<mstructed a canal of considerable proportions known as Sears Canal. The canals
for navigation purposes long since passed into decay, the mills are in ruins, except
two, and most of the dams are destroyed. Sears Canal and a dam across the north
channel furnishes water-power to one small cotton factory and one paper mill. The
dam is in a very dilapidated condition and in all probabilities will not be able to
withstand a run of ice over its crest. So much water passes through the dam that
the head is very materially reduced and at low water there is none available for the
paper mill.
On June 21, 1890, a project for carrying the canal by the rapids at this place, based
on preliminary surveys, was reported on by yourself and is published in the Rei>ort
of the (.-hief of Engineers for 1890. This project pro])Osed to build the dams across
the several channels on substantially the same lines as the old dams, to pass through
Sear Canal with a lock at the lower end, thence by a canal in the river bed aloui^
the right bank to the foot of Turkey Island. At this point was to be placed a lock
nviug entrance into the main stream, which was to be deepened by means of wing
aams and dredging. The more detailed surveys showed that this project would re-
n Hire atiiiu' □luiIiflcatiunA. Thuitviitli Hlioro
thv vuti-T a^aiiJNli it to lliu r>ru|iutiu(l level, i
I lii);burimd iniiii^ i-xjiMi>-ivii Ihim ]ui'\ Uwn 8un}ii>Ki-i1. That jirnjoi't wn» thnrnfAm
' ■miilifiedliypiittiiiu ilii .1 ...i :,:.^-, in- -imiliH
St.llLlBtingfOTlluil. I iv.itll iljul
' t'ortiloBing lliB iliiiiir ; . < i»|;iti'Ii*,
I lliiitHrl coBt uftluT <! I
lafoimd, Imu... I, III If i ii<' [juiim flpmaD^eil by tile pvoi'rrly owners rians
._. . _ Lit* wonJil lsi-prl,\ iiiiri-iiw yimr natiiimt*! iif tli« cost uf riifbt of wuic, whiiE
vrait$l,iljO. Tahing into nrtouut tbe onormoiis bniiulits Ibe iiwuem wotild dedirl
" I the ronntnietion of the caiiitl mid tbo rebiiililiiiu miii umiiitiiiiiinji" tbcir mttt-
ei'siinil Ib« HtiiulliMDimnt of lanilrtiqiiirciliiTKEeTrTint projri'l, tluit ]imaiiiit wmM
. . ._ii to lie ft fiiir PutnpcnsBtinii lor tlin land to bo taken. 'ITje linn tlinm::*! ■'-hm
i C'niui] was fuUoncd partly bvcnuse It wus auppoged th.it the work alrE>ii<i> : "
r.voiilil Bnvo 6<ime coHt. Tbis canitl waA roriAtriii^ted by the Eock l^i'.r i . .
y Lock <.%iiuiiniiy, which lirld it dtiad tupartol' thn litnd, for nuvIgatiijiL in
[ fVum the Rock River Navicntlon and Wntor Potror (.'ompDiiy. All tj^i' • ■^^
I lAttnr onnipuny hnd bnnti SdldiindercxbcatioD tu DnridSenra Soiia. i ii< < m. i
I loo g since Dron ahtiiidunc^d Aii navi);iitiun; a ruilrouil Bmbonknieiit had i -i i^li'l
I ocroHBit und tlie lurk rnlton intumtius. After the work of surveya ciiiiaii.':ii ni i< |^-
I TMotitativeB nf the dnfiuKft uumpnnieti iippcumd and demanded kJ^t"*"' I"' ' '"' i '^''''
I' of vnf thiDueii thn caiiul. Uy catimate of tbo cost of right of wuy ii.,~i d m: ii.i:
I itntmiicntfl oriiiii'li of the owners ns would mtnie any prioo waa $.'<o,'i-'i'. 'ni '.
I ftinnal agreemeiita oanie to be ai^ied four uwneri ueiniinded u totii I " :
I more than one-seveuth tlin lutiil iippropriutioii, ^liile the ownern <<i > > i >
L 4tnd milla along Sfni (.'unul fiiilud to eign tuiy iigreBrounts iit nil. It I-- <
[ if that ronto wbs to be fullowed lorfo Biuns must bn uxpen'' ' '
1 of tJieomi«rB, or ledions litigution f^ns through to secure I
r llie available rooiu to unrry the proposed cimal along II
I ver; rottrirted und poorly adupted to the needs ofct —
I 'rldce, jilotik, 1
' ■ ilu. I'ottou fui'tory. Anidu
■ill not give the people of tlic locality anyifl
in;; over private lauds. 4
> , III the loofllitf which had lioen mado shM__
' that a feaalbli- remit i>.visti'rl iiloiij; the wouth ehore, altbuiigb all preceding pmjecti
I had proposed using tbe iiorth Bliure. Thisiouteleavestlie river at the head of ('urt
■-'-ml lij a gimrd luck, and down to Mill Creek tlie oanal section is entirely on Itiii
!i «hiirc. niis nho]* if a stable One, the original nieajider atone of llio United
udSurv..
t eudof Ilig Island ii
I. embnnkniuuts, tlic i<
I Dif from tbe main ~!i
V bo sent down it h\ .-
' the moiilliof 1T."I,
r difflcullilr^ ".
till U
n tbe II
e line. I'ruiu Mill Crcok t<
r puriioB
,o iijinw
1 the rivur bed by two pnnil)«l
ina south of Big Island being eutiroly cat
uelfor Mill Creek and aucb water a« nuj
From tbe beiid of Big Inlnud H
n land and prescuta no englnvMtlK
. advantages in liuviug eoud nulaflu
■iciiiily of Uiu proposed luoka and Is
,tnklng till' 1 1-. I II II III iii-|iiU '" il:i \h--.'Mipiii lliecT in marked contrast to Ibe norl'^
ronte, which lc;ni.fi iiiumi 1 iiiih' nviT which tlio required deplb would have I"
ohlainod by incim? uf wiiia dnma and dredging. ~
It alai) prc'sents the following q^uite important iidviintagea: (1) U passea C
fanning lands which i-an be obtained at reaaonablo flgiirea and which bayc nu
subject to wild-cat 8|)eGuIntions and the coneequeut ^oudin^ of (illee. f 2> I
be uordurcd a large part of ita length hyBpublic bigUway. iriv
shipping facilitiea. |3) It can be oonsttucted witnoitt phu m
' a tioaitlou uf being uompelled to pnicbase decayed wal^'i ,
' telutiona with the owners which would prove expensive and iin
Before deoidiug upon the aontheru routo us ontlinM abox'
r .Brrire at some underetunding with land and water-power owi
. „ n sulistantially their prcsciil
L filon^h which waa to meet the lell bank above Mill C
k rubiult all the water-powers, mncb to tbe henclit o
iTh» owner of the Milan wa tor-power refused to d.> m
f for $:il),000 ; tlie owners of VamlrnlF Island niiidr. .i .
\ unsettled all damages to tliiit islnnd from r»iaitii: i h
l»iid >
P not ho eonsiili-rfd. and the feiu
f tirul.v. There was, then, uulhiiig to do bul
of ^
APPENDIX MM — ^REPORT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2{ji)l
neither buildn nor destoys water-powers^ but it does inal<*» it possihlo for tho i>ow<ih
on the north channel and on the Milan front to be rebuilt aiul iinpruved at (>(>ini>ara-
tively small expense.
My estimate of cost of right of way for the southern ]>r<)ject was $lfi,326, and a<;rci»-
ments since signed by 11 owners would indicate that tins (*8tiinat(j would not be
largely exceeded. The owners of 4.1 acres at the head <d' Hi;r Island doubled their
price, making it $5,000, after they learned the southern route had been a(lo])t(Ml.
On March 7, 1891, I submitted to you a report on the two routes and estimates of
the cost of the same. These estimates were based ujjou the same prices and were
intended to be entirely impartial, and to give a fair comparison of the relativi* cost
of the two projects. Tlio estimates as submitted with that rej»ort are herewith, the
total for the northern project being $498,574, and for the southern project $lll,r»29,
showing a difTerence iu favor of the southern project of$87,(H5. The south<*rn proj-
ect was recommended by yourself and by the Engineer Department for adoption,
and on March 25 was formally approved by the Secretary of War. The description
of neetled lands on both routes* required considerable labor. Tor this work a lo<'al
8nr\'ejiror, Mr. C H. Stoddard, who had long been a resilient of tlie county and was
familiar with the land lines, was employed. All courses and distances," however,
were checked by entirely independent measurements. After the descriptions and
plats of required lands were complot<?d, agreement* were prepared aD<l submitted to
the property owners with the request that they state the ]>rice asked for tlic lamls
described. With two exceptions propositions were received from own<?r8 on tlie
southern route, but three ol those received 1 consider named prices above the mar-
ket values of the land. The larger part of the right of way can l»e obtained at jjrices
varying from $50 to $100 per acre, which is about the value of the lands for agricultural
purposes. From the north side but two reasonable propositions were re<eiv<'d.
The owners of Vandrutt' Island demanded $50,000 for 14.85 acres, worth about jJOO
ger acre; the claimants to Sears Canal demanded $22,5(X) for their interests in that
oatless canal; the owner of Turkey Island demanded $125 jxt acre for land worth
about $12.50, while, as before stated, from the principal owners of the lauds and
water powers along Sears Canal no propositions whatever wer(». received.
Since the approval of the route by the Secretary of War the. canal section and em-
bankments have been staked out on the ground, some minor changes in alignment
made, careful cross secticms taken, and a second estimate of the cjatliwork made from
thesemotes whi<di did ni)t materially differ from the first estimate submit t(;d.
The officials of the Rock Island and Peoria Railway having raised the question
that the partijil closing of South Slough would endanger tlieir other two bridges,
carefnl measurements of all the bri<lges over Rock Riv(;r in the vicinity were taken
and ma]>s showing the bridges in plan and elevation drawMi.
A systematic effort was also made to determine the elevations of the highest
waters.
Accompanying this report is a map of the locality (m which is shown th«^ rout<^ as
approved. . The station numbering commences at the Mississippi liiver, and the
terms right and left are U8e<l ftdlowing the order of station numbering. It is i>ro-
posed to enter the canal from the river by means of Lock 37 of 12 feet lift at low
water. The lock wotild be entirely backed out at high water. On the right bank
it is proposed. to raise the embankment to grade 134 the whole h^ngth of the <*anal,
except between the railway an<l highway, where it will be 138, l»ut part of the dis-
tance the natural elevation is such that no embankment is necessary. The left em-
1>ankment it is proposed to raise to grade 127 as far as Lock 3(). Lock 30 1ms a lift of
6 feet, but at high water would be l>acked out. The h^ft embankment above Lock
36 is to-be at grade 134 as far as Stati<m 116, between which i>oint and the railway it
raises togra<le 138 and keeps that grade to the guard lock. In the embankments
and at the guar<l lock it is proposed to put the necessary sluices and weirs to regu-
late the levels and the flow of water down the South Slough. The material to bo
excavated and the proi>osed levels are shown on the profile of the center lin«'. The
cost of structures as fiir as possilde were taken from your report of June 21. 1S!M).
The following gentlemen have assist^»d me in the field and oflice. work : Charles Fran-
cis, C. H. Stoddard, F. S. Hunter, R. B. Stearns, J. W. Woernuiun, and (.'harles L.
Woodbury.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
. L. L. WlIEKLKK.
Assistant Eiujinccr,
Capt. W. L. Marshall,
Carps of Euffineerfif U, H. A.
Note. — The estimates of cost of constru<*tion. right of way, etc., are attached to
Mr. Wheeler's report of March 7, 1891, and arc therefore omittiMl from this.
ENG 91 107
2658 REPORT OF TUE CIIIKF OF KNGINKERS, U. S. ARMY.
JOINT RESOLUTION OF SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE STATE OF
ILLINOIS, GIVING ASSENT TO THE UNITED STATES TO ACQUIRE TITLE BY PURCUASK
OR CONDEMNATION TO ALL LANDS NECESSARY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AXD MAIN-
TENANCE OF THE ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL.
ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL.
Be it renolved hy the senate and house of representatives of the State of IttinoiSy That
tho assent of the ^oiKTiil usscmbly of tho State of lUiiioiH be, and the saniois hereby,
civon to tho United States to iicciuiro title to, by purchase or condeuniation proceed-
lui^s in accordance with the laws of tlie United States and of this St^te, and to hohl,
occupy, and possess all lauds necessary for the construction and maintenance of the
Illinois and Mississip])i Canal and the feeder thereto, as provided for by act of Cou-
gress entitled ''An act making appropriations for the construction, repair, and pres-
ervation of certain public works on rivers and harbors, and for other parposea,'' ap-
proved September 19, 18iX) ; and the State of Illinois hereby cedes to the United States
jurisdiction over any and all lands so acc|uired.
Clayton E. Crafts,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
Lyman J 5. Kay,
rrcsUhnt of the Senate,
Introduced in the Senate.
L. F. Waison,
Secretary,
United States of Amekica,
State of Illinois, as:
Office of Srcrktary.
I, Isaac X. IVarson, secretary of state of the State of Illinois, do hereby certifj
that the foregoing is a true copy of senate joint resolution concerning the Illinofa
and Michigan Canal, liledin this office April 30, 1891, the original of which is n<»woi]
file in this (►ftice.
In witness whereof I hrrcto set my hand and affix the great seal of State at the
city of Springtield this 30th day of April, A. D. 1891.
I. N. TKARSdN,
Scvn'tary of State,
M M 7.
PRKLIMIXAKY EXAMINATION OK ILLINOIS KIVER, ILLINOIS, FROM LA
SALLE TO THE MISSISSIPPI UIVEK, WITH A VIEW TO ASCERTAINING
LANDS srn.IE(^T TO OVERKLOW^ HY THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER-
WAY HETWEEN LAKE MKUIKtAN AND THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
United States KNGiNTi:ER Office,
Chicaijo, III,, January 15, 1891
(Ieneual: 1 hiive to v(\s|)ect fully r4']K)rt concorniujL? tlio itoiii con-
taiiHMl ill tin* ''net innkin^' ;ii)i)ro])ri}itions for the roiisfructioii, re])jiir,
ainl pr<'s«*rv:ili(ui of ccrljiin pui>lic works on riv(M\s aiu! harbors, and for
othrr pmiMK^^'s/' approved Sn]>t «.*iiil»rr ID, LStM), rrlatin;; lo a survey of
the Lower Illinois L'ivrr. as folhnvs:
ILLINOIS.
Illinois V\\\vv \'vn\n La Salhi to the Mississi]»pi River, as re<'omniendcd by C«i»t. W.
L. Mnrsliall, ('ori»s of En;^in<M'rs. in his re]>ort dated March ten, eighteen hundred
and ninety, with a virw tn asrrrtainin;; ^vhat lands would be nubjeet to ovorllow by
the ronstrurtion of a navi;iabb? waterway between Lake Michigan and the Mi»i«iJ»-
»ipl»i River, but n<)t more than twenty-tiNe thousand dollars of the money ai»iiropri-
Jited lor survevs shall be allotted to this river.
APPENDIX MM ^KEPOKT OF CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 2659
I have to say tliat as &r as any " navigable water way " recommended
by this office is concerned, which work is now in progress and nearly
completed on the Lower Illinois Eiver, that there wfll be practically
little or no lands overflowed or flooded, and that it is thought that the
surveys already made are sutticient.
I have further to report that it is thought that this item is based upon
the following paragraphs of the report upon the " survey of a water way
from Lake Michigan to the Illinois Eiver at La Salle,'' published as
House Ex. Doc. No. 264, Fifty-first Congress, first session, relating to a
constant discharge from Lake Michigan into tlie lUiuois Eiver for sew-
age disposal purposes, of from 300,000 to 600,000 cubic feet per minute,
on page 33 of that document:
This artificial dischargo is not necessary for navigation anywhere alon^ the line,
and can not be said to benefit riAvigfition anywhere to such an extent as to justify tlie
United States Government assuming responsibility for flowago damage caused by
it. * * *
At any little summer freshet, producing a discharge exceeding 8,000 cubic feet per
second, at La Salle, damage by overflow would begin at that point, the artificial dis-
charge being 10,000 cubic feet per second, and with greater natural dischargo become
more and more widespread as we progress downstream at times when such overflow
would not otherwise occur.
* « « # « « «
From 100,000 to 300,000 acres of lands in the Illinois Valley will be subject to such
conditions.
«««««««
That feature, therefore, in the Chicago drainage and water- way laws that requires
a constant discharge of from 300,000 to 600,000 cubic feet per minute seems, in view of
past experience, decidedly objectionable^ if the water is to be introduced through
any canal either owned or used by the United States for public purposes, if by such
ownership or use the United States can be made responsible for damages due to such
constant discharge.
As the State law stands, however, demanding a constant discharge and nn necessa-
rily great and expensive channels neither demanded by nor suitable for the (rom-
morce to be subserved, a compliance with its terms does not seem advisable for the
United States.
In view of these facts and laws (Chicago drainage laws) a thorough survey from
Joliet to the Mississippi River, at least with the detail shown on the maps of the
present survey, i. e., with accurately determined contours at every foot elevation of
surface, and with the areiis of land subject to overflow well determined, should be
made by authority of Congress, before any artiticial discharge whatever is turned
into the Ulinois Kiver, to determine the efl:ects of such artificial discharge and the
areas of lands that may be subject, under any conditions, to flowage thereby. Such
a stirvey would cost probably $250,000, but ultimatelysave many times that amount
to the organization held responsilSle for such flowage damages, whether it be the
Government of the United States or the city of Chicago.
As the survey recommended by me covers a length of the Illinois
Biver of some 290 miles of bottom lands, densely timbered over a major
part of it, and including some 500 square miles or more of area of
swamps, lagoons, timbered, and cultivated lauds, the amount appropri-
ated ($26,000) is utterly insufticient to secure the information required
and can not bo expended to good purpose if contined to the survey of
the character recommended by me in said report^ and spread out over
that area.
The Illinois Eiver is worthy of improvement, and its improvement is
now in progress. The survey as recommended by me should also be
made as a protection for the United States against claims for damages
for overflow by wat^er turned into United States channels and over
United States dams i)ropos(id by the Chicago sanitary district, but the
amount appropriat-ed is not more than one- tenth of the amount required
to make such survey.
There is certain work, however, that may be done with the amount
2660 REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMT.
appropriated that could form part of a complete snryey as recommeude<
and at the same time be of advantage to the improvement of the 111
nois River as now beiog executed by the United States Gk)vemmen
viz:
^1) A line of precise levels from Grafton, near the mouth of the 111
nois River, connecting there with the work of the Mississippi Rivt
Commission to Lake Michigan, via the Illinois River Valley and tl
Chicago Divide, with numerous permanent bench marks in the Ulino
River Valley as jyoints of departure for the detailed contoured ma]
recommended.
(2) Any excess of funds over and above what is necessary for th
line of precise levels to be applied in making a hydrographic survey <
the United States pools created by the dams at La Grange and (w'h(
completed) Kampsville, 111., to ascertain the amount of dredging r
quired to complete the present project of imi)rovement.
A further appropriation of $225,000 to comi)lete the survey recoi
mended by me will be necessary.
Very respectfully,
W. L. Marshall,
Captain J Corps of Engineers.
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. C^-SEY,
Chief of Engineers^ U. S. A.
(Through Col. (). M. Poe, Corps of Engineers, Division Enginec
Northwest Division.)
y
[Firai mdurs(>mcnt.]
U. S. Enginker Office,
Detroit, January iiO, 1891.
Ecspectfully forwarded.
I concur in tlic views of Captain Marshall, and recommend that he I
authorized to ai)ply the ai)pr()priatiou in the manner x)roposed by hii
O. M. Toe,
Colondj Corps of EngineerSyJivt, Brig, Gen,^ U. S, A.^
Dinnion Engineer, Northwest Division,
SURVEY OF TLUXOIS RIVER, ILLINOIS, FROM LA SALLE TO THE Ml
I SISSIPPI RIVKR, WITH A VIEW TO ASCERTAINING LANDS Sl'IUKCT 1
OVERFLOW HY THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER-WAY BETWEEN LAK
MK^IIIGAN AM) THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER.
[Ue(:riv(Ml with h-ttrr of Capt. W. L. Marshall, Corps of Enjjiiiocrs, dated July 10, isui, pji^,. •j;,;io.
This work was directed by the river and harbor a(».t ol'8ri)t4'ndMM- 1
1800, in the f'ollowin*;!^ UTins:
Skc. 17. Thai. tln5 ScrrctJiry of War Ih li<'r<*l»y Hircrlrd, at liis disnitinn. to vaw
cxaniinatioiiH or survf'VM. or botli, to ho rna<l<' ami tlio ««sti mated ci*s\, of iinjuov
[ iiK'iit to \h) cbtiiuatt'd at the following loeation, to wit:
» « « X « • •
"ILLINOIS.
« • « 4 • • •
"Illinois River, from La Sallo to tlio Mississippi River, as rerommondt^d by Ta
tain W. L. Marshall, (jorps of Engineers, in his rei>ort dated March t<*
eighteen hnndred and nin<!ty, with a view to ascertaining what lands would 1
subject to overflow by the construction of a navigable water way between Lai
/
APPENDIX MM — ^REPORT OP CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 26fel
Michigan aud the Mississippi River, but not more than twenty >five thousand dol-
lars ot the money appropriated for surv'^eys shall be allowed to this river."
The recommendation contained in the report cited was as follows:
In view of these facts and laws (Chicago drainage and water way laws) a thorough
survey from Joliet to the Mississippi River, at least with the detail shown on the
maps of the present survey, i. e,, with accurately dotcrmiDed contouirs at every foot
olevution of surface and with the areas of lands subject to overflow well determined,
should bo made by authority of Congress before any artificial discharge whatever is
turned into the Illinois River to determine the effect of such artificial discharge
and the areas of lands that may be subject under any conditions to flowage thereby.
Such a survey would cost probably $250,000, but uitiniately save many times that
amount to the organization held responsible for siuli flowage damages, whether it
bo the Government of the United States or the city of Chicago.
Aa the estimated cost of this survey is 1250,000, and the act limits
the expenditure to one-tenth of this amount for the contoured survey
of from 500 to 750 square miles of territory, densely timbered, swampy,
covered with lagoons, and in many places nearly impenetrable, it can
at once be seen that the object of the survey can not be met to any ex-
tent by this small sum.
As far as any project by United State's officers for a water way via
the Illinois River is concerned the damages by flowage are already
known to be insignificant and that no further surveys io determine
them are needed.
For such a water way as contemplated under*State laws ten times'
the amount appropriated, at least, is necessary for results of value in
suits for damages.
The amount allotted can be expended to advantage in carrying aline
of precise levels from the Mississippi River to the Great Lakes, con-
necting with the levels of the Mississippi River Commission, to serve as
a basis for the survey indicated, also in making an hydrographic survey
of the x)ools of the Illinois River to ascertain the amount of dredging
required to complete the existing project of improvement and to form
part of the more extended survey.
Before making such uses of thSs fund it is judged advisable to further
submit the matter to Congress in order that such use may be author-
ized or proper funds be allotted for the sufvey of the alluvial lands of
the Illinois River Valley subject to overflow, or an indication that an-
nual appropriations will be made for the continuance and completion of
such a survey as recommended.
M M 8.
establishment of harbor lines in chicago harbor, illinois.
United States Enchneer Office,
Chicago, III., September 17, 1890,
General: The Board of Engineers constituted by Special Orders
No. 61. dated War Department, Corps of Engineers, U. S. A., Washing-
ton, D. C, September 11, 1890, respectfully submit the follbwing re-
I)ort:
The Board met as directed, at the United States engineer office,
Chica^, HI., where, after the order convening the Board and the in-
structions of the Department were read, the maps and records of the
harbor were consulted and the reports of the Boards of Engineers con-
REPOBT OV THB CHDW Ol»-lf*ffl
mns, n. s. abhI!
vened heretofore in 1S71 and in 1SS2 ujkid the name or similar
were examined.
Later a ptiblits ineotmff, which had been previoiiMly advertined in fli
Chicago daily papers, was held at the Diroi:tnr'8 roonitf of the World'i
Oohimhian Exposition to hear statements from all persons who dettirat
to be heard npou the subject before the Board at thin meeting and i
tmbseqtient one beld next day. All parties interested in the entabliah-
ment of dock and harbor lines and in the nse of the snbmcrged lanil*
within the harbor inclosiive who desired were heard or prcwcuUd
written dociuneut«.
The inHtriictions nnder wliich the Board acted are as follows:
It is djrec1«il Dint the Iloniit o( Engineers Donslitiituil l>,v Spcciikl Orilnrs No.SI,
Ileadqunrterg, Corps of KiigineuTH, SiiptomliiT II, 1830, <« eoniiidpr and rcpiirt 1il«ii
the Bulijoct of liarbur liui'S (jiier nud bulkhead) at CliicnffU, 111., nhiUI liold tmli'
public iDoetiiigs ua iuu<r bo unciusiir.v and uftVird a roasonnblo beiiriug to oU \iM-
ested parties wlui tluairo tu prcaent their viewa upon the Bubjnet under ouuaIdM>
It IB also dicfioted that the Hoard submit for nonsideriitiou of the Sccrolary of WU
it« recomaiPiidiitious an to tlie location of _pipr and Imlkbend Hum to lie estabUAw
uador theprovisiousof aectiou 12 of tku rivnr and harbor act of August II, iSSi.
The Boai-4 interpret their instractions as limiting their duties tfl ft»
reeommendation for the establiahmeut, by the Swrctaiy of War, iif h»
bor lines under the apt of August 11, 18S8, for the protwttioii and pre»-
Bi-vation of the out«i' harbor at <]hicago, "beyond whivh no pieraw
wharves shall be extended or deposits made, except xuuli'r such regii-
latious as may be presciibed from time to time by him," and that ili»
not tc» consider ijuestions relating to any proposed nses of any of tin
now submerged lands lying between the dock or harbor lino so i-oeiM'
mended for establishment and the present shore line.
The construction of thiH harbor basiu was commenced in 1371 snd
was practically completed, except dredging, by 1881. In 1871 a Board
of Kngiupers, composed ol^ Lieut. Col. I. 0, Woodnifl^ Maj. G. K. War
ren, and Maj, D. C Houston, Corps of Engineers, recoramunded tt«
establishment of a dock lino, which recommendation was approved b]
the Secretary of War Oct«b'er 4, 1871, as follows:
The Board 1b of thfi opiuicm tlmt an open space nf not ttM than ],eOO fnet WMti
the breakwater mirtli of thu uorth line of Randolph atreot and 3,000 feet WMti
the hruakwater south uf tliut Uue it HofBoieiit for the purpOBo of a riMdatwad, M
would leconunend thut a. tine roiuiuonciug at tt point on the ioutb ei<le of tlui UaUa
StAtea south pier and 1,200 fvet vrest of the west line of the breakwater, nod
iiiug due Houtii till it iuteiaecta the prolongation of the north lino of T
Htreot, tbeuce due west 600 feet, thence due auuth till it mtomccts ua taat .
line throash the south end of the breakwater as at present dcsiguod, be cAtahUilM
ua the harbor line, bcjond whiuh uo wliarveB or other Btrnoturea aball extend.
This harbor line as established iu 1871 and adliercd to since
date terminated southwai-d opiKisite the iiresent end of tiio easteri
breakwater, just north of the present east entrance to tliis outer liarb<
iKiain, at wMeh point theharbor as then designed teiininatt'd. Since thi
date the easterly breakwater has been further extended and tlie hartw
instead of having its southerly limit between Van Ituieu und Congrcu
streets o£ the city of Chicago, extends as far south a» Ui between Twfjn
aad Thirteenth streets of the city.
There have beeu no reasons preseuted to the Board for any oluuii
in the iwsitiou of the harbor line as far as it has betn establisbed, tU
for a chiiuge of direction of tliiiK line soutliward from Van Bureii '■*"*'^
The reasons given by the Itourd ol' Engineers of 1S7I for the h
APPENDIX MM — KKPOKT OF CAPTAIN MAI^SFIALL. 2fiC3
the harbor line as far as Van Bureu street still hold good, and are appli-
cable to the extension of this line sonthward tlnougliout the limits of
the harUor.
The Board therefore recommend the following h.arbor line for adop-
tion:
Commencing at a point on the south side of the United States south pier of ther
entrance to Chicago Kiver and 1,200 feet west of the west line of the easterly hreak-
water, outer basin, and running dne south till it intersects the prolongation of the
north line of Randolph street, i hence due west 800 feet, thenc<; due south to the
Bontheni limit of the outer harJior.
The Board was directed to hear statenients from all ])aities interested
in the subject before it, and iind(»r the invitation issued by the Board
a number of verbal statcMiients an<l written documents relating to the
proposed use for World's Fair (181K5) i)urposes of the submerged lands
lying between the proposed harbor (pier and bulkhead) lines recom-
mended and the present shore line were presented to the Board, which
are appended hereto, with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board.*
Although these statements and documents relate to a subject that
does not seem to come within the province of the Board as outlined in
the letter of instructions, they have arisen from the action of the War
Department under the recommendations of previous Boards of Engi-
neers in 1871 and 1882, and the Board considers that it may not be im-
proper to remark upon the matter also.
In 1871 the Board of Engineers, in establishing the harbor line be-
yond which no wharves or other structures should be built, which line
is now recommended to be extended southward throughout the limits
of the outer basin, made a recommendation to the Secretary of War, as
follows:
•
Ab to the qnention of ownership to tlu^ land on the shore from the north line of
Randolph to Madison street is now in the United States circuit court of the
northern district of Illinois; on a complaint made hy the United States, to which
answer was made hy the president of the Illinois Central Railroad Company in De-
eember, 1869, it would seem proper that no piers should he allowed to he huilt there
nntil a settlement has heen made. Besides the interests of commerce and naviga-
tion, there are local matters aftetting tlui legitimate use of the hiusiu, which should
he controlled hy the city. After all questions of rights along the lake shore have
been disposed of, whoever may be entith^d to build piers, if such aright exists, should
then be required to submit his plans to the Engineer Department for approval ; until
that time all parties should be prohibited from tilling up any part of the basin now
being formed outride of the present line of piling made to protect the« track of the
Illinois Central Railroad Company.
This recommendation was approved by the then Secretary of War,
Mr. Belknap, October 4, 1871 (see Keport Chief of En<?ineers, 1882, page
2237), and this prohibiti<m against any constrnction between the harbor
lino and shore line south of Kandol[)h street and north of Park Row has
been since adhered to, as shown herein below.
In 1882 the Illinois Central Railroad Comjiany desired to widen their
right of way by building a bulkliead farther out than their sliorc ])ro-
tecjtion, and filling in between it and the then shore line with earth or
other material, and this matter was refeiTcd to a board of (Migine,er8,
composed of Lieut. Col. John G. Parke, Lieut. (3ol.C. H. Comstock, and
Maj. G. Weitzel, Corps of Engineers. The report of this Board is to be
found on page 2234, et seq.j Report Chief of Engineers, U. S. A., 1882.
In commenting upon this report and in acting upon the recommenda-
tions contained therein the then Secretary of War, Mr. Lincoln, uses
* Not printed.
■feEPOBT OF THR CnjfV OP ESGTNEE8S, tl. S, ARMT.
E> tblldwiiifT Uiht^utige (K«pi>rt Chief of Englne«rB, 1882, pages i
. A IVirtber r< iK>r(
•I nnral of tlio Unitt^tl Stales *
yiipen t tUo Seprptnrr c
t » nttmii vf 1 <h< itortlipni
spapers, wta • • • anliiuUtnd
■ • In duo tinin tli<^ Altomr)-
'Wiir uiclosiiiK a commuuimtitiu
rliMu f of lUutdia, who was uf ilu
1 f 1 1 I I n I L- I ! I Ml lii)raii, up 1« thu linfl
i I I ~ f 111 I into the Uuinn, tiecuiu
I I I I ll inl'OBhuwn * ' " .
It II II I Itl lull ilStatesdixtriftulUit'
I Ltl»-i tilt) uwntTitLip ot the Hull m iti tbx cr miian; ui' flw^w Lt^M
inr-rting no title thereto) umieur« to me to be uninipiii-
\ tmmenf » (oniernetl, ana tliat tlie only inqnirj «l
\ iir Dopartment is whether tho conBtmction of the 'i
iilioart] will nbetruct encroaih ujtou, or mterfere with th4tfl
uid thus injuriously aflect ita ueeiukiess lu the inteieata uf W
I f«i-t.
1 fot tho be^nning of auuh wharves upou conditions not withio
0 Wai DupaitiuEint to luiposn, and the title of the laud being Btill i^
.IsiLpproved, nnd the prcihitiltioli now Testing against thB ~
TUilrxad breakwater will be continued.
w
llto, is therefiin
ofthe present ti
Tlie suit to det«riuiDe the ownersliip of the eubmerged laud, i
the riparian rights of accretion, dockage, and wharfage, is still i
tided. The United States is not one of tlie claimants to these rights
Bontli of the old Fort Dearborn addition {Madison street), but ('
rights ar(! daimed by —
(1) The Htate of Illuiois;
(2) The lity of Chicago; and
(3) TliP Illinois Central Railroad Company.
Prior Ui 1S8.S there was no general law relating to harbors nflBL,
which tho relalivo rights of the States, and of oorponitioiiR and indi-'
vidiiaU claiming under the States or General Government, to tlift «s« uf
Bubmerged lauds by filling them up, and to riparian rights of ac<'rvlion,
dockage, and wharfage, and of the rights of the public genorallj , i>r the
United States collectively, to the unobstructed and free navigation of
the navigable waters of the United States, could lie limited or delint^'
but in tlie river and harbor lurt of 1888 is contained the following j
vision, under wluch the Board of Engineers is asseinbled. ^
manifest to thfScnrittary of War that thenstAhlM
:1 protection of hurbeit*, hd
_ .. .'eby uuthcii
. . iMul wlianra si
tuny lie preacrilii'i
WhateviTopitt
had lis (o llie:riill
rrh.-.ijii.
■Btnicted rights of navigallu
Midi titlW to
.l^.ir,l,.p.«iUn:
^iijiinit actions may have heretofbre^
Cciirnil finvcrnmcnt, throngli 1
ri|>;iii;iii rifjlit^i, or ill iliiccting iilid c
>•' 1 i^lits. tlic ISoiird .■insider tliut I
.It" Aiij;iist 11, l.ssH, of a dock or htb
■i "I- wharves isliall be built i
limits not only the riparian rights (
(;i^'c. and the lights of the SUite to i
limcrgcd lauds, 1
I' the General G
, the limit being at this harbor li
APPENDIX MM — REPORT OP CAPTAIN MARSHALL. 20(55
Under this view of the law the Board consider that tliey can reeoni-
niend neither the approval nor the disapproval of any constvuftions
under Sfat*^, corporate, or individual authority between the established
dock line and the shores of the lake within the harbor area. The Board
is, liowever, of the opinion that any uses of this area by filling or other
than by wharves and docks, as originally contemplated and still de-
sirable, will diminish the possible value of the harbor for commercial
purposes. It is further of the opinion that such contemplat.ed uses of
the submerged lauds within the dock and shore lines will not affect
practically the prospective use of this harbor, or the fi\ture fulfillment
of the necessities of navigation at this port.
O. M. PoE,
Colonel of Engineers.
Chas. E. L. B. Davis,
Major of Engineers,
W. L. Marshall,
Captain of Engineers,
Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Casey,
Chief of Engineers^ U, 8. A,
[JTirgt indorsement.]
Office Chief of Engineers,
U. S. Army,
September 7/y, 1S90.
EespectfuUy submitted to the Secretary of War.
It having been made manifest to tlue Secretary of War that the estab-
lishment of harbor lines is essential to the preservation and i)rotection
of the harbor at Chicago, EL, a Board of Engineers was constituted by
Special Orders from Headquarters, Corps of Engineers, to consider and
rei)ort upon the subject, and the Board recommends for approval of the
Secretary of War the harbor and dock lines described in the within
report and delineated upon the accompanying chart.
It is reconunended that the line selected be approved and that the
Secretary place his approval both upon the report and the drawing*
submitted.
H. M. Adams,
Major J Corps of Engineers^ in charge.
War Department,
Septemher 22^ 1800,
Approved.
L. A. Grant,
Acting Secretary of War,
letter of the chief of engineers.
Office of the Chief of Engineers,
United States Army,
Washington, 1). C, September 20, 1890.
Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith the report, dated Septem-
ber 17, 1890, of the Board of Engineers constituted by Special Orders
"So. 61, Headquarters, Corps of Engineers, September 11, 1890, to con-
«0mittedu
2G66 REPORT OP THE CHIEF OP ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY.
sider aud report upon the subject of harbor lines (pier and. bulkhead)
at Chicago, 111.
The action of this Board has been had under the provisions of the
act of August 11, 1888, authorizing the Secretary of War to establish a
harbor line beyond which bo deposits shall be made. Up to the pas-
sage of this act there was no statute authorizing the Secretary of War
to fix such lines in our harbors, but several prior acts of the Secretary
of War approving suggested lines had been respected in part by riparian
owners. Such was the case in Chicago, two Boards of Engineers, of
1871 and 1882, having suijfgested lines covering portions of the harbor,
which lines were approvetl by Secretaries Belknap and Lincoln. The
line siiggested in this report is subntantially the line recommended by
the Boards of 1871 and 1 882 and heretofore approved, and in my judg-
ment is correctly located. As to the use the riparian owners may make
of the space inside the harbor line, the United States wotdd not seem to
have control unless such use would evidently obstruct or damage the
general navigation of the port. I would, therefore, recommend tliat the
harbor line as rcconunendcd by the Board of Engineers of September
11, 181)0, be approved by the Secretary of War.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
Thos. Lincoln Caset,
Brig. Oen.y Chief of Engineers*
Hun. Redfield Pboctor,
Secretary of War.
INDEX.
Subject.
A.
Aberdeen, Wash., bridging Chehalis Biver
at
Acts of Fifty-first Congress, second session,
affecting Corps of Engineers
Asate Bay Harbor, Mion., improvement of.
Annapee Harbor, Wis., improvement of
Alabama River, Ala., improvement of
Alabama River, Ala., up to Wetumpka, ex-
amination of
Albemarle Sound, K. C. and Norfolk Har-
bor, Va., water way between, improve-
ment of
Alexandria, La., brideing Red River near..
Allegheny Bridge Company, bridge of,
across Allegheny River, Pa
Allegheny River.Fa., at Sixth street, Pitts-
burc, bridging
Allegheny River, Pa., dam at Herr Island,
construction of
Allegheny River, Pa., improvement of
Allouez Bay, at Superior, Wis., examina-
tion of
Alloway Creek, N. J., improvement of
Alsea Bay, Oregon, examination of
Alsea River, Oregon, examination of
Altamaha RWer, Gra., impi*ovement of
Alton, Ill.,bridfi:ing Mississippi River at.. .
Alviso Creek, Cal., examination of
Alviso Harbor, Cal., examinatipn of
Amesbury, Mass., bridge across Powow
River at
Amite River. La., improvement of
Anaoostia River. (<Sm Eastern Branch of
Potomac River.)
Annie J. Russell (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Apalachicola Bay, Fla., improvement of
Apalachicola River, Fla., improvement of. .
Appomattox River, Ya., improvement of. . .
Appoqninnimink River, Del., improvement
Approaches to Norfolk Harbor, Ya., im-
provement of
Aqueduct, Washington, maintenance and
repair of
Aquia Creek, Ya., improvement of.
AransasBay, Tex., examination for removal
of Half-Moon Reef
Arkansas River, Ark., at Dardanolle, bridg-
ing
Arkansas River, Ark., Ind. T., and Kans.,
improvement of
Arkansas River, Ark., Ind. T., and Kans.,
removing obstructions in
Arthur Km, N. Y. and K. J., improvement
of
Page.
Arthur, Lake, La., course of Mermenton
River through, examination and survey of .
Asliland Harbor, Wis., improvement of....
Ashley River, S. C, bridge obstructing
Ashley River, S. C, improvement of
Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio, improvement of . .
Astoria Harbor, Oregon, establishment of
harbor lines in
Astoria, Oregon, and Woods Landing, Co-
lumbia River between, examination for
■nagging
Parti. Partn.
Part m. Part lY. PartY.
430
477
311
321
204
211
151
430
431
431
202
202
316
117
409
409
181
432
393
393
427
223
32 609
196
197
150
121
146 147
436
130
235
430
250
249
97
230
313
433
176
372
18 427
490
ENG 91-
1302
1086
1300
1161
1291 1296
1255
983
1476
1738
1761
1531
1820
1694
1696
1942
1858
2486
2538
2366
2363
2512
2037
2033
2500
8246
3246
2964
2964
2863
3387
3380
Part YI.
8875
Attmia. Ortgon, trrck !d Cuiumbli ElTer
AtisbMt.pt RlTCT, i*. to Cdtto^intt,
Bavon dea GlilMa fnon. eumlnaliiin of..
JkiUnliii City. limninclifKe bctmco GtsU
Bn BOtUiiit uid Cap* Hnj, !■'. X,«K-
AonWM. Ol. tRidgc obBtraMhig 8«nn'
lAi Blver beloi*
AofBMlM.Ue.. and ^TiXervllIe^ M«^ Ken-
nebM Blrer bitwiHO, tixiiBim*Uwi nut
tantfot
Au Sulile Uu-bor. Micli.. ImriaTftnrDl
btek Cora, Portbnd, iie.. bridge obatrDot-
Ing abauiAl to...-.--,..,-,.'--..-..
Back CoTK, FuTtlasd. Ma., frnprarfiiK
-jaimel in
BandiioaBlTn,Ua-.lmprDveiDciilaf
BaOtown, Fi.. and TliFD»U.TIoBC(ia Creek
betvaen, mi»m1na*ion of.
altliniini and Oblo Sa<itb<i-e«leTa Bailnnd
CnspsB]
■opaBj, brldn nf. DbtUncting Mof-
_IHaJB Hlver.Obte
BatUmon nubnr. Md., in^itTrvMaent of
BarnBjnt But and Grsat EcE Harbor Bav,
H. J%Kina between, eummation of
Barneeat Inlet. K. J., icmaral of wreck In . .
BanuUblt.Maw.. InidirtngcbaimelbetiiivD
LltUfl laiaad and mojulaad at Oat«TTlUo,
Iiland
inmwnof .
Barren Blvcr. E;-, opamlkig End keeping
In repair loiik anddjun on-
BiinholDmew.Ba;oD,L*.uidArk., impnne-
Bath, ilc.'. Eenoehcc ' rH'ct it, ' Hia'bViah'
ment of barber linra hi
Battalion of EogiBoen
Battariei.oatieUwtlanof
Bar Rtdga Cbannel, Kow York Harbor,
B.Y.,enniliulJ0Dof
Bar Bldge Cbumal. tlew York llurbor, ^^
T- InSiroTiBnant of -
BaySlTcr. K. C„uid PanillBoBlTer.K.C;„
mtarvaT between, exam Inatlon oi
Bayou BarUiolamaW) La. and Ark., dmprovfi-
Sayoii Blai'li, tji.. anil iiajrou TL-rrubannB,
Parti. Part n. tart ni.r«t IT. 1
ll.i-".." I'l! ■■ ■' ■'■ I ;■ -iiirintijuoullioii'
l^.i'.'i [■.i".l ■. . !■ i' ■ II st,ll.^r[illayiliB
and !'.)rl llLmp. c^ .mil unci m of
Sajoa Xcoliii, 141., ioiproTciucDt of
INDEX.
Subject.
Bayoa Terrebonne, La., and Bayou Black,
examination for connection between
Bavou Terrebonne, La., between Houmaand
"thibodeanx, examination of
Bayou Terrebonne, La., improvement of
Bayou Tigre, La., examination of ,
Bayou Vermillion, bayandpassee. La., exam-
ination of
Bayou Vidal, La., improvement of.
Baj'ou, Washington, Miss., improvement of.
Beaufort Harbor, X. C, improvement of
Beaufort, N. C, and New Berne, N. C, water
way between, improvement of
Beaujfort, N. C, ana New River, K. C, water
way between, improvement of
BeauJfort Kiver, S. C., improvement of , . .
Beaver River, Pa., movable dam in Ohio
River near mouth of, construction of
Bee Tree Shoals, Ala., foot of, and Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., Tennessee River between,
improvement of
Bee Tree Shoals, Ala., Tennessee River bo-
low, improvement of
Belfast Harbor, Me., improvement of
Bellamy River, N. H., improvement of
Ben Hur (tender), removal of wreck of
Beivjamin Gartside (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Berwick Bay, La.,to Gulf of Mexico, examina-
tion of
Bickmore, S. S. (schooner), removal of wreck
of
Big Barren River, Ky., above Bowling Green,
examination of
Big Barren River, Ky., Green River above
month of, examination of
Big Black River, Miss., improvement ot
Big Blackfoot River, Mont., mouth of, and
international boundary line, Clark Fork of
Columbia River between, examination of. .
Big Hatcheo River, Tenn., improvement of.
Big Sandy River, Levisa Fork of, Kj'., im-
provement of
Big Sandj River, Russel Fork of, Ky., ex-
amination of
Big Sandy River, Tug Fork of, 01 and 95J
miles above Catlottsburg, Ky., bridging.
Big Sandy River, Tug Fork of, W. Vk. am
Ky., improvement of
Page.
and
Big Sandv River, W. Va. and Ky., improve-
ment of
Big Sioux River, mouth of, and north line
of South Dakota, Missouri River between,
examination and survey of
Big Stone Lake, Minn. andS. Dak., examina-
tion and survey of
Biff Sunflower River, Miss., improvement of.
Bills authorizing construction of bridges,
examination of
Biloxi Harbor, Miss., improvement of
Black, Bayou, La., and Bayou Terrebonne,
examination for connection between
Black, Bayou, La., for connection between
Calcasieu Lake and Sabine Lake, examina-
tion of
Black Lake Harbor, Mich., improvement of.
Black River, Ark. and Mo., improvement of.
Black River, Ark. and Mo., obstruction of,
by logs, and iivjuyy to dam on
Black Kiver Harbor, Ohio, improvement of.
Black River, La., improvement of
Black River, Mich., at Port Huron, improve-
ment of
Black River, Mich., mouth of, improvement
of.
Black River, Mo., improvement of
Black River, "N. C, improvement of
Black River, S. C, below Kingstroe, exami-
nation of ^
Black River, Wash., examination of
Black Rock Harbor, Conn., improvement of. .
Black Warrior River, Ala., between Tusca-
looM and Daniels Creek, improvement of.
Parti.
228
229
224
229
230
242
244
161
leo
162
178
290
286
279
23 586
30 605
362
61 731
229
62 732
310
310
242
409
246
307
310
431
308
307
277
274
245
18
219
229
230
341
254
369
238
354
355
255
164
170
409
70 784
215
Partn. Partni.
1367
1363
1372
1485
1846
1843
1823
1841
1855
1847
PartrV.
1992
2005
2354
2308
2255
PartV. Part VI.
1793
1846
1850
2474
2478
1993
2010
2466
2476
2407
2463
2242
2007
2801
3250
1387
1435
1784
2055
1964
2058
2690
2849
2780
2783.
8257
880S
INDEX.
SuBJECfr.
Block Island, R. I., harbor of refuge at
Bine Hill Harbor, Ke., examination of
Bluff Creek, Miss., improvemout of
Board of Engineers, Ttte
Boards:
On exsmiination for deep-water harbor
on Pacific coast between Points Duma
and Capistrano, Cal
On examination for harbor of refuge
near mouth of Delaware Bay
On examination for nhip canal to connect
Lakes Union, Washington, and Sa-
mamish with Puget Sound. Wash
On improvement ofHudson River, N. Y.
On improvement of Sacramento and
reatner rivers, Cal
On investigation of mining-debris ques-
tion in California
On reexamination of Port Orford Harbor,
Oregon
On survey for improvement of Wilming-
ton Harbor, Del
On valuation of channel constructed by
Buffalo Bayou Ship Ch^nnel Company
in Galveston Bay, Tex
BcBuf, Bayou, La., improvement of
Bceuf River, La., improvemout of
Bogue Chitto, La., improvement of
Bogue Falia, La., imi>rovement of
Bogue Sound, N. C, improvement of
Boquet River, N. Y., below Willsboro, exam-
ination of
Boston Harbor, Mass., construction of case-
mates at
Boston Har1)or, Mass., defense of
Boston Harbor, Mass., establishment of har-
bor lines in
Boston Harbor, Mass., Improvement of
Bowling Green, Ky., Big Barren River
above, examination of
Brazos River, Tex., below Waco, examina-
tion of
Brazos Santiago Harbor, Tex., improvement
of
Breakwaters :
At Grordon Landing, LakeChamplain,Vt.
At mouth of Saco River, Me
At New Haven, Conn
At Rouse Point, Lake ('ham plain, N. Y..
From Mount Desert to Porcupine Island,
Me
Otcupiincy of and injury to, by corpo-
rations or individiiiilM '
Breton I5av, Md., harbor at. improvement of.
Bridgei)ort Harbor, f'onn., iniproveni<?nt of. .
BridL'es, examination of l)ills authorizing
eonstrncti(»ii of
Brid;;ea in Yi'llowstoiie National Park, con-
fitruct ion and iniproveiin^nt of
Bridjres obstruct ini; na vibration
Bri«l«;eH proposed to be l)tdlt across navi^ja-
blo waters, examination of ]dans and loca-
tions of
Bridfrinji: navi«jable waters of Tnited States.
Broad Crook, jid., examination and survey
of '. .
Broad Oeek Itiver. Del., examination of
Bro.'vdkiln liiver, Del., iniproveTn«»nt of
Bronx Kivcr, N. V,, exannnation and snrvoy
of '. .
Bro^Ti.s Creek, Suvville, X. Y., improvement
of
Bruce (bark), removal of wreek of
Brnnswiek, Ga.. outer bar, examination and
survey of
Brun««wieK Tlarbctr. (Ja.. improvi'ment of. ..
Buekhannon Kivcr, W. Va.,imi»roveuient of.
Bndd Inlet, ()lymi)iii Harbor, wash., from,
examination and survey of
Buftalo Bayou Ship Chaiin«'l Company, val-
uation ot channel ceuistructed in Galves-
ton Bay, Tex., by
Bull'alo Bayou, Tox., improvement of
Parti.
59
32
218
11
304
119
412
82
396
399
411
120
233
241
241
220
222
388
6
5
18 424
40
310
235
234
385
28
68
384
723
611
866
6
G88
045
598
766
21 570
19
140
70
18
447
18
18
18
i:{2
i:{l
122
94
79
185
182
aoo
4U
233
234
4:;g
778
4;i3
427
42.
Page.
Part n. 'Part IH.'Part IV.i Part V.
PartVL
1120
1138
1372
1253
1221
12(19
11(57
949
828
1792
1006 1910
1800
1818
1030
1837
1550
1906 1910
1924
1985
1085
3474
2990
2990
3305
2040
2930
2927
2474
3SC5
3931
3S53
INDEX.
Subject.
BafTalo Harbor, N. T., improvement of
Buffalo Harbor, N. Y., occupancy of north
pier at
Buffalo, N. Y., sbip cbannol in connectin|;
waters of the Great Lakea between, Chi-
cago and D ninth, examination of
Builaing raatcriids^tests of
Bnilding8, public, JD. C, improvement and
care of
Burlington Harbor^ Yt., improvement of —
Buttermilk Channel, Kew York Harbor, N.
Y., examination of
Buttermilk Channel, New York Harbor, N.
Y., improvement of
ۥ
Cable City Bridge Conntmction Company,
bridge of, across Arkansas River at Darda-
nolle. Ark
Cable galleries, construction of
Cache Ki vor, Ark., improvement of
Cahaba Kiver, Ala., improvement of
Calcasieu Lake, La., and Sabine Lake, con-
nection between, via Bayou Black, exami-
nation of
CaLcaaieu Hivor, La., mouth and passes of,
improvement of
Caliiomia, investigation of mining-d6bris
(1 uestion in
Caloosahatchee River. Fla., improvement of.
Calumet Harbor. HI., improvement of
Calumet River.lll. and Ind., improvement of.
Cambridge Harbor, Md., improvement of. . .
Camden, Ark., Ouachita River above, im-
provement of
Camden Harbor, Me., improvement of
Camden, N. J., establishment of harbor lines
at
Camden, N. J., harbor at, invprovement of. . .
Camden, S. C. Wateree River between,
and Falls of tne Catawba; and bend about
41 miles below, examination of
Canals :
Cascades Canal, Columbia River, Ore-
gon, construction of
C^sa River. Ga. and Ala., operating
and core of locks and dams, etc., on . .
Dos Moines Rapids Canal, operating
and care of
Fox River, Wis., operating ami care of
locks and dams on
Great Kanawha River, W.Va., operating
and care of locks and dams on
Green and Barren rivers. Ky., Operating
and keeping in repair locks and dams
on
Hlinois and Mississippi Canal, construc-
tion of
Illinois River, III., operating and care
of La Grance Lock
Kentucky River, Ky.. operating and
keeping in repair locks and dams on. .
Louisville and Portland Canal, Ky., op-
erating and care of
Monongahcla River, oneratin? and care
of Locks and Dams 2ion. 8 and 9
Monoiigahela River, purchase of Lock
and Dam No. 7
Mouongahela River, purchase of Lock
and I)am No. 6
Muscle Shoals Canal, Tennessee River,
operating and care of
Muskiugnm River, Ohio, operating and
care of locks and dams on
Portage Lake, Mich., with Lake Superior
and Keweenaw Bay , purchase of canals
connecting
St. Clair Flats Canal, Mich., improve-
ment of
* St. Clair Flats Canal, Mich., operating
and care of
St. Marj's Falls Canal, Midi., operating
andcareof.
*
Page.
Parti.
Partn.
Partm.
Part IV.
375
382
551
505
444
386
i^
937
88
911
430
6
253
210
230
220
399
189
330
331
127
239
24 587
425
110
179
4U
210
266
329
300
304
334
333
306
296
291
291
291
287
293
17
356
358
846
PartV.
2882
2810
2032
Part VI.
3873
3907
1754
1850
1820
1643
2051
2996
1101
1122
1029
1487
2602
2606
1975
8328
1753
2174
2580
2425
2439
2633
2630
2455
•
2394
2357
2359
2360
2322
2369
2784
2787
2724
INDEI.
Subject.
Canapitsit Channol, Mass., examination and
survey of
Oanaraie Bay, K". Y., improvement of
Cane River, liaexamination of
Caney Fork River, Tenn., improvement of . .
Cape Ann, Mass., harbor of refuge at Sandy
Cape Chfurles City Harbor, Va., and ap-
proaches by Chenton (Cherrystone) Inlet,
improvement of
Cape Fear, North East River, X. C, improve-
ment of
Cape Fear River, N. C, above Wilmington,
improvement of
Cape Fear River, N. C, at and below Wil-
mington, improvement of
Cape May and Great Bay north of Atlantic
City, IST. J., thorongh/are between, exam-
ination of
G^pe May City, N. J. , examination for break-
water at
Capistrano Point and Point Duma, Cal.,
aeep- water harbor on Pacific coast between,
examination for
Carlin, Bay on, La., examination of
Carqninez Strait, Cal. (See Karquines
Strait.)
Carthage, Miss., and Edinbnrg, Miss., Pearl
River lietween, improvement of
Carthage, Miss., ana Jackson^ Miss., Pearl
River between, improvement of
Cascades Canal, Columbia River, Oregon,
construction of
Casemates, construetion of
Castor, Bayou, La., examination of
Catawba, Falls of the, and Camden, Wateree
River, S. C, between, examination of
Catlettsburg, Ky., bridging Tug Fork of
Big Sandy River, 91 and 95^ miles above . .
Cedar Bayou, Tex., improvement of
Cedar Keys, Fla., Boat or Kumber Four
Channel north and west of, examination of.
Cedar Keys, Fla., harbor at, improvement of.
Cedar River Harbor, Mich., improvement of.
Cerulius (schooner), removal of wreck of . . .
Champlain, Lake, Narrows of, N. Y. and Vt.,
improvement of
Champlin Creek, N. Y., examination of
Channel between Staton Island and New
Jersey, improvement of
Channel In Hark Cove, Porllaud, Mo., im-
provement of
Channel in connecting waters of the (Ireat
Lakes between Clii<'ag<), Dnluth, and Buf-
falo, examination of
Channel north and west of Cedar Keys, Fla.,
examination of ".
Charl(?ston and South Si»le r>ri(l;io Company,
bridge of, across Great Kanawha River,
W. Va
Charleston Harbor, S. C, construction of
casemate at
Charleston Harbor, S. C., inii)roveinent of...!
Charleston Harbor, S. ('.. nMJioval of wreck
in Soutli Channel a<ross bar
Charleston, W.A'a., bridgingdieat Kanawlia
River at
Charlevoix Harbor, Mich., improvement of.'
Charlevoix, Mich., bridging Pine Lake n(!ar.l
Charlotte Harl)or, Fla., examination of <
Charlotte Harbor, Fla., im])rovenient of
(Charlotte Harbor, X. Y.. improvement of
Charts of nortlu'rn and northwe.st^rn lakes.'
printing and distribution of ;
Chatham llarbor. Mass., imi)rovement of j
Chattahoochee Kiver, <Ja. and Ala., be-
tween West I'oint and Franklin, (sxami- I
nation of
Chattahowhee River, Cia. and Ala., imjjrove- I
ment of
Chattanooga, Ttnni., and foot of Ueo Tree
Shoals, Ala., Tenne.s.see River between,
imi)rovement of i
Page.
Port I.
62
95
249
284
36.632
130
1C4
165
166
118
118
394
229
220
220
414
6
249
179
431
233
195
193
318
32 610
387
94 942
98
27
537
3G2
195
429
G
175
178
4-JO
:i:{0
4:{-J
lOG
100
\ilS
41."
40 GG7
211
199
280
Partn.
980
1199
1383
1390
1304
1097
1090
1487
98G
1407
1487
Partm.
1838
1799
1797
Part IV.
a022
2284
1022
1676
1661
1070
2028
oroK
1G16
1750
1702
2303
PartV. PartVL
8328
2937
2810
2C72
2S00
J027
INDEX.
SnBJsoT.
ChattanoogA, Tenn., Tezmessee River above,
impTOvement of
Chattanooga, Tenn., Tennessee River below,
improvement of
Cheat RiverjTV. Ya., improvement of.
Cheboygan Harbor, Mien., improvement of .
Chefancte River^La.. improvement of
Chehidis River, wasn., below Montesano,
examination and survey of
Chehalis River, Wash., between Aberdeen
and Cosmopolis, bridging
Chebalis River, Wash., improvement of
Chenton Inlet, Cape Charles City Harbor,
Va., and approaches by, improvement of.
Cherrystone Inlet, Cape Charles City Har-
bor, Va., and approaches by, improve-
ment of
Chesapeake Bay, harbor of refage at Lyon-
haven Bay, foot of, Va., examination and
survey for
Chesapeake Bay, removal of wreck in
Chester River, Md., from Crumpton to
Jones Landing, improvement of
Chester River, Md., removal of wreck in
Jackson Creek
Chevreuil, Bayou, La., examination of
Chicago and iTorth Micbi^n Railroad Com-
pany, bridge of, across I^ine Lake, Mich. .
Chicago and A'^orth- Western Railwav Com-
pany, bridffes of, across Chicago River, 111.
Chicago Harbor, 111., establishment of har-
bor Unea in
Chicago Harbor, HI., improvement of
Chicago, m., bridge of city of, obstructing
Chicago River at Canal street
Chicago, HI., bridging North Branch of Chi-
cago River near EJnzie street
Chicago, Hi., ship channel in connecting
waters of the Grreat Lakes between, Du-
luth, and Bufifalo, examination of
Chicago River, 111., at Canal street, Chi-
cago, bridge obstructing
Chicago River, HI., near Kinzie street,
Chicago, bridging North Branch of
Chickahominy River, Va., between Holly
Luiding and Long Bridge, examination
of ,
Chickahominy River. Va., improvement of.
Chickasahay River, Miss., improvement of. .
Chief of Engineers, office of the
Chincoteagne Bay, Va., and Delaware Bay,
at or near Lewes, l)el., water way be-
tween, improvement of
Chippewa River, Wis., including Yellow
Banks, improvement of
Chippewa River, Wis., survey for reservoirs
at sources of
Chitto, Bogue, La., improvoniont of
Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and Ala., im-
provement of
Choptank River, Md., improvement of
Christians Point, West Galveston Bay,
Tex., from, examination and survey of '. . .
Clackamas Rapids, Oregon, Williunetto
River at, examination and survey of
Clarendon, Ark., and Lower White River,
examination and survey of
Clark Fork of Columbia Rivor, Wash..
Idaho, and Mont., between international
boundary line and mouth of Big Black-
foot River, examination of
Clark River,^S. C, improvement of
Clarke, Lewis and. River, Oregon, exami-
nation and survey for snagging."
Clay County, Mo., oridging Missouri River
at
Clearwater River, Idaho, about 11 miles
' above Lewiston, bridging
Cleveland Harbor, Ohio, improvement of . . .
Clinch River, Tenn., improvement of
Clinton and Illinois Bridge Company,
bridge of, across Mississippi River at
Clinton, Iowa
J
Parti,
278 *
287
291
848
222
411
430
407
130
130
146
126
131
229
432
432
18 426
329
436
432
362
436
432
153
149
218
451
123
270
220
201
127
235
421
257
409
172
421
432
431
370
281
428
Page.
PartH.
Partm.
Part IV.
2252
PartV.
PartVI.
2311
2361
1818
2764
3297
8236
1199
1190
1201
118»
1201
1841
2661
2596
3861
2810
8S01
1305
1299
1168
1791
1189
1800
1707
2201
2214
1453
2264
3250
3383
2853
8v
INDEX.
Subject.
Clinton Harbor, Conn., improvement of. —
Clinton, Iowa, bars north of Little Bock
Island, in Mississippi Kiver near, exami-
nation and survey for removal of
Clinton, Iowa, bridging Mississippi Kiver
near
Clinton River, Mich., Improvement of
Clubfoot Rivor, N. C, improvoiuont of
Coal Bank Slough, Coos County, Oregon,
bridging
Coaivjo'k Bay, N. C, improvement of
Coaster Harbor Island, B. I., cove and water
way near, improvement of
Cocheco River, N. H., improvement of
Cocodrie, Bayou, St. Landry Parish, La.,
examination of
Collins Crossing, K.C., and Roberts Landing,
!N.C., White Oak River between, examina-
tion of
Colorado River, Ariis., between Yuma and
Eldorado Canyon, examination of
Colorado River, Tex., examination for re-
moval of raft at mouth of .•
Columbia, Department of the, report of act-
ing engineer officer on operations in
Columbia, La., bridging Ouachita Rivernear
Columbia River, Oregon and WohU. :
Bridging, near Vancouver, "Wash
Construction of canal at Cascades, Ore-
gon
Examination and survev of, between
mouth of Willamette River, Oregon,
and Vancouver, Wash
Examination and survey of Columbia
and Willamette rivers below Portland,
Oregon
Exammation of, between Astoria and
Wooils Landing, Oregon, for snagging
Examination of channel from, to head of
Youngs Bay, Oregon
Examination' of Clark Fork of. Wash.,
Idaho, and Mont., between interna-
tional boundary line and mouth of Big
Blackfoot River
Gauging
Improvement of, between head of Rock
Island Rapids and foot of Priest Rapids .
Improvement of Columbia and Willa-
mette rivers below l*ortland, Oregon..
Improvement of mouth of
Improvemont of U|^>i)er Columbia IMver.
Removal of wreck \u
Columbus, Misa., and Demopolia, Ala.,Tom-
bigbee River between, improvcmuut of . . .
Columbus (tug), wreck of
Commission on sur\'ey of Wilmington Har-
bor, Del
Commission on valuation of channel con-
structed b^' Buffalo Bayou Ship Channel
Company in Galveston Bay. Tex
Comptou Creek and Shoal Harbor, is. J.,
improvement of
Conecuh River, Ala., improvement of
Congaroo River, S. C. iiuprovcTuent of
Conneaut Harbor, Ohio, exauiiuation and
survey of
Conuerticut River above Hartford, Conn.,
improvement of
Connecticut River below Hartford, Conn.,
examination of
Connecticut River holow Hartford, Conn.
improvement of
Contentniu Creek, N. C, imi)rovemeut of. .
ContiugrncieH of rivers and harbors, exam-
inaticms, surveys and. estimates for
Coos iiay and Harbor, Oregon, entrance to,
improvement of
Coos liaj', Oregon, examination and surve}'
or u])per harbor
Coos iiay. Rosr'bur;^ and Eastfrn Railroad
aiulNavigaticin (.'omjiany.biidge of, across
Coal iJauk Slou;:li. Orrjron
Coos County, Oregon, bridging Coal Bank
Slouijh
Pago.
PartL
Partn.
66 759
267
428
358
1363
432
162
1305
57 718
31 607
229
170
1434
393
235
450
430
429
414
421
421
420
420
409
419
406
416
412
405
420
215
•
120
1138
23^
105
203
174
1004
14Ct
373
6-1 748
79 80 836
65 730
158
1351
421
401
410
432
432
Part in.
1849
1939
1783
1G05
1906 1910
1735
PartlV.
FartT.
PartTL
2187
2788
2974
8M5
3328
3380
8376
8250
3372
8223
3362
3314
3210
3373
3154
3283
INDEX.
9
Subject.
CooM River between Rome, Ga., and East
Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Railroad
Bridge, improvement of
Coosa River oetween Wotnmpka, Ala., and
Eaiit Tennessee, Virginia and Georg^
Railroad Bridge, improvement of.
Coosa River. Ga. and Ala., inipr«)voment of
Coosa River, Ga.-«nd Ala., openiting and
care of oanals and other works of navi-
gation on
Coquille Citv, Oregon, and Mjrrtle Point
Cfoqnille River between, examination and
survey of ,
Coquille River, Oregon, between Coqnille
City and Myrtle Point, examination and
survey of
Coquille River, Oregon, improvement of . .
Cornwall. N. Y., Moodna River (Murderers
Creek) and Hudson River at, examination
and survey of
Corps of Engineers, battalion of
Corps of Engineers, laws of Fifty -first Con-
gress, second session, affecting
C<nps of Engineers, oificers of
Corjps of Engineers, recommendations as to
examinations for promotion of oflicers of. .
Corps of Engineers, statement showing
rank and duties of officers of
Corsica Shoal, Mich., at lower end of Lake
Huron, near St. Clair River, examination
of
Corvallis, Oregon, Willamette River near,
examination and survey of
Cos Cob or Miamus River, Conn., examina-
tion and survey of
Cosmopolis, Wash., bridging Chehalis
River at ,
Cottonport, La., to Atchafalava River,
Bayou des Glaises from, examination of.
Council Blufis, lowa^ bridging Missouri
River at
Courtableau, Bayou, La., improvement of.
Courtland, Va., Nottoway River below, ex-
amination of
Cove near Coaster Harbor Island, R. I., im-
provement of
Covington, Ga., to Ocmulgee River, Yellow
River ftpom, examination of
Cowlitz River, Wash., improvement of
Crane Creek, Va., examination of
Creel Bay, Devil Lake, N. Dak., examina-
tion of
Crooked River, Wash., examination of
Crookston, Minn., Red River of the North
and tributaries above, examination and
survey of
Cross-over Light and Sister islands, N. Y.,
shoal in St. Lawrence River between, im-
provement of
Cnimpton, Md., and Jones Landing, Ches-
ter River between, improvement of
Cumberland River, Tenn. and K3-. :
Improvement of ,
Improvement of, above mouth of JeUico
Creek, Ky
Improvement of, above Nashville. Tenn
Improvement of, below Nashville. Tenn.
Improvement of South Fork of, Kj-
Cumberland Sound, Ga. and Flu,, improve-
ment of ,
Current River below Van Buren, Mo., exam-
ination of
Currituck Sound, N. C, improvement of
Currituck Sound, N. C, water way between
Norfolk Harbor, Va., and Albemurle
Sound, N. C. through, improvement of
Curtis Bay, Patapsco River, Md., from
Craighill channel to sugar refinery
wharves at, examination of
Cnttyhunk and Neshawana islands, Mass.,
Canapitsit Channel, between, examina-
tion and survey of
Cypress Bayou and lakes between Jeffer-
aon, Tex., and Shreveport, La., survey of.
Part I.
208
208
207
210
410
410
399
.94 944
15 540
477
3
4
453
363
421
81 852
430
230
431
225
153
67 718
184
418
146
274
420
274
383
126
282
284
283
282
285
184
2.'i7
152
151
135
62
248
PartIL
1315
1289
1188
1305
1302
1243
Page.
Part IIL Part IV.
1745
1748
1743
1753
1854
1826
1006
2223
1550
22C7
2275
2270
2*Jt}8
2286
2065
PartV. Part VI.
3275
3275
3140
2820
3370
3378
2922
2021
-10
INDEX.
Subject.
Pallas, Tex., Trinity River below, exami-
nation of
Bam, Allegheny River, Pa., at Herr Island,
construction of
Pam, Ohio River, at Davis Island, operat-
ing and care of
Pam, Ohio River, near mouth of Reaver
River, Pa., construction of
Bams and locks. (See Locks and DaniH.)
Daniels Creek and Tuscaloosa, Ala., Llack
"Warrior River between, improvement of. .
D'Arbonne, Rayou, La., Improvement of
Dardanelle, Ark., bridging Arkansas River
at.
Darien Harbor, Ga., improvement of
Davids Island, N. Y., sea wall and embank-
ment at
Davis Island Dam, Ohio River, operating
and care of
Debris, mining, question in California, in-
vestigation of
Deep River, Wash., examination of
Deep-water harbor on Paciflo coast between
Points Duma and Capistrano, Cal., exam-
ination for
De Grasse, Sylvia (ship), removal of wreck
of
Delaware Ray :
Construction of iron pier near Lewes,
Del
Examination for harbor of refuge for
deep-draft vessels near mouth of
Improvement of ice-harbor at head of,
Del
Improvement of water way between
Chincoteague Bay, Va., and, at or
near X^wes, Del
Removal of wrecks in ......
Delaware Breakwater, Del., harbor at, im-
provement of
Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pa., and
Camden, N. J., establishment of harbor
lines in
Delaware River, Pa. and X. J., improve-
ment of
Delaware River, removal of wrecks from. . .
Demopolis, Ala., and Columbus, Miss., Totu-
bigbee liivor between, iinprovemont of. ..
Deiiiopolis, Ala., Tombigbco River below,
improveiiK'ut of
Dei)artinc'iit of the Columbia, rejiort of act-
ing (Mifj:ii)eer otHcer on operations in
Department of the J'latte, re])ort of acting
engineer oflioer on operations in
I)ei)artinents, military, estimates for sur-
veys and reconnaissanci's in
Departments, military, reconnai.s.sances ami
explorations in . ./.
Depot, engineer
Des Allemantls. Lake, La., and points near
V'aeherie, etc., bayous Clievrenil and Ti-
gro between, exnniination of
Des Chutes River, Wash.. 01\nii})iri Harbor
to mouth of. examination and survev of ..
Des (Jlaises. B;i>imi, La., from At<"haf;i]aya
JiivtT to (.'ottonport. examination of......
Des Moines Kapi(ls and Illinois Itiver, Mis-
sis!.ij>pi lliver betwe(»n. improveruent of. .
Des M<,ines Jiai)ids and MinneapoliH. Mis-
Kissii){»i River hftwern. iiui>rovenu*nt of..
Des M<jin« s ltai>i<ls ranal ana dry dock, op-
erating; and eare of '
Des Al<un<>s Kapids, Missi.sf,ipj)i ]Iiv»r, im-
I)rovement of ,
Detroit lliver. Mich., American channel of,
exniniiuition of ,
Detroit River, ^lich.. im])rov(>ment of
Devil Lake, N. Dak., examination of
Dickinson, Frederick \i.,et al., biidge of,
in liarnstable. Mass
Distribution of charts of northern and norili-
weetern lakes
Page.
Part I.
235
292
290
290
215
240
430
180
6 9 521
290
399
420
394
420
114
119
113
123
118
115
425
108
118
215
214
4:.o
4:.()
4:.o
441)
]«J 547
1!J1)
411
230
203
2G5
2GG
2«G
3C.2
ytil
'J74
431
445
Part n. Part IIL
1073
1120
1072
1168
1090
1075
1121
1023
1090
1938
PartlV.
1784
1528
1783
1783
1841
185-1
2306
2360-
2354
1960
PirtV.
FstTI
2300
2119
2147
2174
2172
2**23
SSTS
3915
3916
3943
280ft
2793
3027
nn>Ex.
11
Subject.
District of Columbia, improvement and care
of public buildinga ana grounds
District of Columbia, water supply ot
Division engineers
Division of the Missouri, report of engineer
officer on operations in
Division of tne Pacific, report of acting engi-
neer officer on operations in
Divisions, Encrineer
Divisions, military, reconnaissances and ex-
plorations in
Doboy and Sapelo, Ga., inside route be-
tween, examination and survey of
Double Bayou, Chambers County, Tex.,
mouth of. examination of.
Dozier Bridge, Va^ West Neck River to
and beyondl examination of
Drum Inlet, N. C, examination of
Dry dock at St. Marys Falls Canal, Mich
Dry dock, Des Moines Bapids, operating and
care of
Dublin, Ga., bridging Oconee Biver near
Duck Creek, Del. (See Smyrna Biver.)
Duck Island Harbor, Conn., improvement of
Duluth Harbor, Minn., and adjacent waters,
establishment of harbor lines in
Duluth Harboi*, Minn., improvement of
Duluth, Minn., ship channel in connecting
waters of the Great Lakes, between, Chi-
cago and Buffalo, examination of
Duma, Point, and Point Capistrano, Cal.,
deep-water harbor on Pacific coast be-
tween, examination for
Duncan Falls, Ohio, bridge obstructing
Muskingum Biver at
Dunkirk Harbor, N. T., improvement of
Duties of officers of Corps of Engineers,
statement showin g
Duwamish Biver, Wash., examination of
Duwamish Biver, "Wash., near Seattle,
bridging
D'Wamish Biver, Wash., exvninatiun of . . .
D'Wamish Biver, Wash., near Seattle,
bridging
Eagle Harbor, Mich., improvement of
East Chester Creek, K. Y., improvement of .
East Omaha, Kebr., bridging Missouri
Biver at
East Biver, N. Y., establishment of harbor
lines in
East Biver, N. Y., removing obstructions
from
East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Bail-
way bridge and Kome, Ga., Coosa Biver
between, improvement of
East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Bail-
way bridge and Wetnmpka, Ala., Coosa
Biver between, improvement of
East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia Bail-
way Company, bridge of, obstructing
Tennessee Biver
Eastern Branch of Elizabotli Biver and
Lynn Haven Bay, Va., water way be-
tween, examination of
Eastern Branch of Potomac Biver, D. C,
examination and survey of
Eastern Branch of Potomac Biver, D. C-,
improvement of
Echo Jlarbor, New Bochelle, N. Y., im-
provement of
Eugartown, Mass., Marthas Vineyard,
inner harbor at, improvement of
Edinburg and Carthage, Miss., Pearl Biver
between, improvement of
■Edisto Biver, S. C, improvement of
Edward J. Gay (steamboat), removal of
wreck of ,
Effingham County, Ga., bridging Savannah
River in ,
Eldorado Canyon and Yuma, Ariz., Colo*
ndo Biver between, examination of
Parti.
Part n.
441
19
449
450
19
449
155
235
153
170
346
266
429 430
66 757
18 426
311
362
394
434
874
453
409
431
409
431
315
75 806
431
425 963
SO 899
208
208
435
153
146
135
74 802
49 608
220
177
231
429
803
1324
1425
Page.
Part in.' Part IV.
1933
2174
2515
2488
1310
1246
1745
1748
PartV.
PartVL
8907
8897
3943
3947
3943
2758
2810
2505
1480
1709
18G9
2878
3257
3257
2074
12
INDEX.
Subject.
Elizabeth River, N. J., improvement of
Elizabeth River, Vn., Eastern Bniiich of,
and LjTin Haven Bay, Va., water way be-
tween, exaraiiuitiou of
Elizabeth River, Va., Western Branch of,
examination of
Elizabcthport, N. J., removal of wreck at . . .
Elk River, Md., improvement of
Elk River, "W. Va., examination for im-
provement of, by locks and dams
ElHL River, \V. Va., improvement of
Elk Rivor, "VV. Va., obwtructions in
Ellen, Mary (schooner), removal of wreck
of.
Engineer Depot
Engineer Divisions
Engineer School. United States
Engineers, Battalion of
Engineers, Chief of, office of the
Engineers, Corps of, laws of Fifty-first Con-
gress, second session, affecting
Engineers, Corps of, officers of
Engineers, Corps of, recommendations as to
examinations for promotion of officors of.
Engineers, Corps of, statement showing rank
and duties of officers of
Engineers, Division
Engineers, The Board of
Erie Harbor, Pa., improvement of
Erie Harbor, Pa., Presqne Isle Peninsula,
preservation and protection of
Escambia River, Fla., improvement of
Essex River, Mass., examination and survey
of
Evansville, Ind., and month of Green River,
Ky., Ohio River between, examination of . .
Examinations and surveys
Examinations for promotion of officers of
Cor^)s of Engineers, recommendations as to.
Examinations, surveys, and contingencies
of rivers and harbors, estimates for
Explorations
Explosives, tests of
F.
Fairlee Creek, Md., improvement of
Fairport Harbor, Ohio, improvement of
Falia, Bogue, La., improvement of
FallsofOhio River, Indiana Chute, improve-
ment of
Falls of Oliio Kiver, Louisville, Ky., im-
I)rovenieiit of
Falls of St. Anthony, Minn., Mississippi
Kiver above, improvernenl of
Farmer, Ky., and West Liberty. Licking
River between, iraprovenient (►f
Feather Kiver, Cal., lioanl on improvement
of
Fexither River, Tal., improvenient of
Feather Kiver, Cal., investigation of mining-
debria question
Fergus Falls, Minn., Ked Kiver of the North
and tributaries above, examination and
8ur\'ey of
Femandina, Fla., and Savannah, (Ja., inside
r(»nte between, examination and survey of.
Fishing Creek, N. C. improvenient of. . *
Fish ways at Great Falls, I*otomac Kivur,
ereetion of
Five Mile Kiver Harbor, Conn., improve-
ment of ■
Flint Kiver, (ja., improvi^nH'nt of
Florence, Ala., bridjre obstructing; Tennes-
see Kiver at
Florida Central and Peninsular Kailroad
Companv. bridge of, obstruct ing Trout
Creek. Ha
Flushing Bay, N. Y.. imi>rovein<'nt of
Fond du Lae. Minn... and Grassv Point, St.
Louis River between, exauiniation and
survey of
Forked Deer River, Tenn., improvement of .
Page.
Parti.
100
153
15.3
107
125
303
300
16 547
19
15 539
15 540
451
477
3
453
19
11
373
374
203
47 G76
294
17
421
449
550 559
126
371
222
29«
295
2G8
30G
:im
309
274
1«.5
]5G
.317
24G
r92
443
72
108
435
43.-)
77 822
Partn.
903
1310
1307
1013
1184
1201
1186
1345
Partm.
Part IV.
2433
2427
1735
1818
1CD8
PartV.
PartVL
88C7
2382
2303
2.387
2192
2iG2
2012
2877
2859
2^90
2987
299C
3905
INDEX.
13
Subject.
Forstcr, Frederick P., et aZ., bridge of, in
Barnstable, Masa
Fort Benton, Mont., nn4 Sioux City, Iowa,
MiaAouri River between, examination and
Burvcy of
Fort Marion, Fla., repair and preserration
•of.
Fort Monroe, Va., beach protection, water
8npi>ly, and sewerage system at
Fort Ni'afjara, N. Y., protection of site of
Fortifications
Fortiliofltions, oatimatcrt of ajipropriations
forl892-'i)y
Fortifications, protection, preservation, and
repair of
Fortifications, sites for
Fourche River, Ark., improvement of
Fox River, Wis., improvement of
Fox River, Wis., operating and care of loclcs
and tlams on
Francis £. Hallock (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Fnuikftirt Harbor, Mich., improvement of . . .
Frankfort, Kj-., bridge obstructuig Ken-
tucky Riverat
Franklin, Ala., and West Point, Ga., Chat-
talioochee River between, examination of..
French Broad River, Tenii., improvement of .
Fnltoii, Ark., lied River above, improve-
ment of
Fiiitou Uonnty, Kv., and Lake County,
Tenn., Mississippi River between, exam-
ination of
Fnlton, Miss., and Vienna, Ala., Tombigbee
River between, improvement of . «
Fulton, Miss., and Walker Bridge, Miss.,
Tombigbee River between, improvement of
O.
Page.
Galleries, cable, construction of
Galveston Bay, Tex., ship channel in, im-
provement of
Gfuveston Bay, Tex., valuation of channel
oonstructod by Buffalo Bayou Ship Chan-
nel Company in
Galveston Harbor, Tex., entrance to, im-
provement of
Galveston ( \Ve«t) Bay, Tex., from Christians
Point, for reopieniug channel through
West Bay, examination and survey of
Gartslde, Bei^jamin (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Gasconade River, Mo., improvement of
Ganging Columbia River, Oregon and Wash.
Gan^rinff Mississippi River audits principal
tribiiuiries
Ganging Mississippi River at or near St.
Paal,Mifin
Ganley River, W. Va., improvement of
Gay, ^ward J. (steamboat), removal of
wreck of
Gay Head Lights removal of wreck near
Gen. W. T. Sherman (schooner), removal of
wreck of
General I.«oe (steamer), removal of wreck of.
Georgetown Harbor, S. C, improvement of. .
Gilchrist, Leo (elevator), removal of wreck of
Glaises, Bayou des, La., from Atcliafalaya
River to Cottouport, examination of ..... .
Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y., improvement of . . .
Gloucester Harbor, Mass., improvement of. .
Goat Island, Newport HnrlM)r, R. I., exam-
ination of spit at south end of
Golden Eagle (scho<mer), removal of wreck of
Goo.4e Kapuls, Rod River of the North, Minn,
and N. l)ak., examination for construction
of lock and dam
Gordon Landing, Lake Chaniplain, Vt.,
breakwater at
Goshen Creek, N. J., examination and sur-
vey of
Goversors Island, N. Y., sea walls at
Parti.
431
277
6 11 533
10 529
8 517
4
11
6
5
251
328
329
93 937
337
436
211
280
237
258
213
213
6
232
233
231
235
61 731
261
419
246
273
301
231
61 732
118
184
168
231
230
77 820
36 635
62 736
32 610
274
385
U9
0 9 624
1090
1408
1116
Part HI.
Part IV.
PartV.
2242
•
2044
2572
2580
2674
1756
2261
1961
2073
1780
1779
1906
1906 1910
1871
2112
3372
2014
2214
2428
18G9
1002
1869
1854
2220
2930
PartVX
14
INDEX.
Subject.
GowannB Bay cliaimel, New York Harbor,
N. Y., examination of
Gowanns Bay, K". Y., improvement of
Grand Haven Harbor,Mich.,lmprovementof.
Grand Lake, La., course of Mermenton River
thronsh, examination and survey of
Grand Marais, Mich., harbor of refuge at,
improvement of
Grand Marais, Minn., harbor at, improve-
ment of
Grand Eapids, Mich., Grand Kiver below,
examinaliun and survey of
Grand Kiv»r, Mich., below Grand Rapids,
examination and ffurvey of
Grand River, Ohio, below' Richmond, exami-
nation and survey of
Grand Trunk Railway Company, bridge of,
obstructing channel to Back 'Cove, Port-
land, Me
Grass River, N. Y., improvement of
Grassy Point, Minn., and I'ond dn Lac,
St. Louis River between, examination and
survev of
Grays Harbor and Bar, Wash., examination
and survey of
Grays Harbor, "Wash., bridging Johns River
near confluence with
Grays River, Wash., exumiuation and sur-
vey of
Great Bay, N. J., examination for harbor of
refuge
Great Bay, N. J., north of Atlantic City and
Cape May, thoroughfare between, exami-
){.
nation o
Great Chazv River, N. Y., bnprovement of.
Great Egg Harbor Bay and Barncgat Bay,
N. J., sound between, examination of
Great Falls, Mont., and canvon next below
Stubbs Ferry, Missouri lliver between,
examination 'and survev of
Great Falls, Mont., and iSioux City, Iowa,
Missouri River between, improvement of.
Great Falls, Potomac River, erection of fish-
ways at
Great Kanawha River, W.Va., at Cliarleston,
bridging
Great Kanawha River, W. Va., deposit of
refuse in
Great Kanawha Rivtr, W. Va., iniprove-
mont of
Groat Kaiiawlia River. W. Va., o])eruting
and care (»f locks and <lains on
GnMit Lftke.-4, prinliu^ and didlribufion of
cliarls of
Groat Lakes, ship cliannel in ronnectini;
waters of the, between ("hiea^^o, Duliith,
and IJutValo, examination of
Great Lakes, siir\<tyol'
(Jreat Pedee Jiiver, S. C, inii>roveiiient of ..
Great Sod us JJa^', X. Y., liarborat, inijirove-
ment of .'
(in>at \Vi(;oniieo ]Iiv«i\ \;i., exaininatif»n of.
(Ireen liay llarlior. Wis., in)]>ro\ i mmt of . .
(ii-een Jacket Slioal, I'ro\ iilenco Kiver, li.
I., removal of
Gr»'t'n, ^laria (.scliooner), removal of wr»M.k
of
Green Tliver, Ky., above nioutli of Bi-j; Bar-
ren River, examination of
Green River, Kv. (l)rl<»w Lock Xo. ]), at
Sjiott.Hville, liri<I;ie ol>striiclinjr '
Green Jiiver, Kv., niomh of, and Evans-
A'ille, Ind., Ohio River between, examina- I
t ion of '
Green Jiiver, Kv.. o])cratinj: and keepin;;
in rep.'iir locks an«l dams on ,
Greenbrier Jli\er, W. Va., and Wilson i
Creek, Va., New River bet\\een mouths ]
of, improvement of
Greeni>ort Ilarb-tr. X. V.. imi)rovemcnt of..
Grecnwi«h Lay, L. I., imiMn\emenf ot'
Grosso I'ointe Cliann,!, ^lich., iniprove- i
meut of
Page.
Parti.
93 937
89 914
'840
230
316
310
345
345
373
435
384
317
411
430
421
118
118
385
118
278
275
443
429
209
300
44.5
302
41 :>
172
]4r.
y:o
55 715
131
310
434
294
304
3(V2
7.-. 811
Part II.
1095
1097
1093
1450
1288
1201
Partni.
1858
>) > <
10
359
Part IV.
2509
24S4
2233
2413
2425
PartV.
PartVL
2093
2026
8297
3385
2989
3905
3860
2310
2900
3927
3927
2:;33
2478
2382
2439
2430
2790
INDEX.
15
Subject.
Grounds, public, D. C, improvement and
care of
Gunter Creek at Guntorsville, Ala., exami-
nation of
Guntersville, Ala., Gunter Creek at, exami-
nation of
Gujandotte River, W. Ya., improvement of.
Habersham (steamer), removal of wreck of. .
Hj^kensack, l^.J., and Newark Bay, Hack-
ens^k River between, examination and
anrvey of
Hackensack River, K. J., examination and
survey of
Half -Moon Reef, Aransas Bay, Tex., ex-
amination for removal of
Hallock, Francis £. (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Hamilton, III., slough in Mississippi River
at, examination of
Hunpton Creek and Bar, Ya., improvement
of
Hampton Roads, Ya., construction of case-
mate at
Hampton Roads, Ya., defense of
Hanakercliief light-ship, removal of wreck
near
Harbor and river improvements
Harbor lines, establishment of
At Dnluth, Minn., St. Louis Bay, Supe-
rior Ba^, and adjacent waters, Minn.
and Wis
At Lubec, Me ,.%
At New Castle^el
At San Pedro, Wilmington Harbor, Cal.
In Astoria Harbor, Oregon
In Boston Harbor, Mass
In Chicago Harbor, 111
In HumlK>ldt Bay, Cal
In Kennebec River at Bath, Mo
In New York Harbor and adjacent
waters
In port of Philadelphia, Pa
In Portage Lake, Mich 5
In St. Augustine Harbor, Fla
In San Francisco Harbor and adjacent
waters, Cal
Harbor lines in Portage Lake. Mich., resur-
vey and relocation of
Harbors and rivers, examinations, survej's,
and contingencies of, estimates for
Harbors of refuge :
At Block Island, R. I....
At entrance of Sturgeon Bay Canal, Wis.
At Grand Marais, Mich
At Hyannis, Mass ',
At Little Harbor, N. H
At Lynnhaven Bay, Ya^ examination
and survey for
At Milwaukee Bay, Wis
At Nantucket, Mass
At Point Judith, R. I
At Portage Lake, Mich
At Sand Beach, Lake Huron, Mich
At Sandv Bay, Cape Ann, Mass
At Stonington, Conn
Near mouth of Delaware Bay, examina-
tion for
Harlem River, N. Y., at 155th street and Mc-
Comb Dam Road^ew York City, bridging
Harlem River, N. Y., improvement of
Harlowe River, N. C, improvement of
Harmar, Ohio, bridge obstructing Muskin-
gum River at
Harraaeeket River, Me., improvement of . .
Hartfordf Conn., C]k>nnecticut River above,
improvement of
Hartford, Conn., Connecticut River below,
oounination of
Hartford, Conn-, Connecticut River below,
UttpsoY^JDeJit of
Page.
Parti.
444
288
288
308
184
107
107
235
93 937
267
148
6
5
8
61 731
17
18 423
18 426
18 424 621
18 425
18 426
18 427
18 424 688
18 426
18 427
18 424 622
18 424 958
18 425
18 dm
317 426^
18 425
18 426
316 317
421
59 723
321
316
48 694
31 608
146
325
48 696
58 722
337
353
36 632
60 728
119
432
84 886
434
26 594
I
64 748 ;
79 80 830
66 750
Partn.
1010
1016
1297
Partni.
1602
1942
1225
U21
1685
PartlY.
2325
2325
2409
2185
PartY. PartYL
2515
2061
2519
1120
1303
2522
2530
2509
2553
2970
3387
3188
8907
2948
2070
2776
16
INDEX.
Subject.
Havre de Grace, Md., Susquehanna Rivor
above and below, improvement of
Havre do Gnico, Md., Susquehanna River
above, examination and survey of
Hay Lake Channel, St. Marys River, Mich.,
improvement of
Hell Gate and Ea«t River, N. T., removing
obstructions from
Herr Island Dam, AUogheny River, Pa.,
construction of
HiawasHco I^ivcr, Tenn., improvement of .. .
Hingham Harbor, Mass., improvement of..
Holland Harbor, Mich., im|^»n)vemeut of
Holly Landing and Long Bridge^ Va., Chick-
ahominy River between, examination of . .
Holmes River, Fla., improvement of ,
Houma, La., and Thibodoaux, Bayou Terre
Bonne between, examinatiou of ,
Housatonic Rivor, ('onn., improvement of..
Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern
Railroad Comjiany, bridge of, across Little
River, La ,
Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern
Railroad Company, bridge of, across Oua-
chita River, La
Houston, Central Arkansas and Northern
Railroad Company, bridge of, across Red
River, La ,
Hudson Harbor. Wis., ex.nmination of
Hudson River, N. Y., at Moodna River (Mur-
derers ('reek), Cornwall, examination and
survev of
Hudson River, N. Y., at New York City,
bridging ,
Hudson River, N. Y., Board on improve-
ment of ,
Hudson River. N. Y., improvement of
Hudson River, N. Y., licenses for use of
piers, etc., in
Humboldt Bay, Cal., establishment of har-
bor lines in '.
Humboldt Harbor and Bay, Cal., improve-
ment of
Huntington Bridge, Idaho, and Seven Devils
Mining District, Upper Snake River be-
'tween, examiuation and survey of
Huntintrton Harbor, N. Y., improvement of.
Huron Flarbor, Ohio, improvement of
Huron, Lake. Coraira Shoal, Mich., at lower
end of, examinatiou of
Huron. Laki*, liarbor of refuge at Sand Beach,
:Mi<'h
Hyaniiis. Mass., harbor of ri'fuge at
Ilyaiinis, Mass., removal of wreck in harbor
at
Page.
I.
Icc-harl>ors :
At head of Delaware Bay, Del
At Marcns Hook, Pa
At mouth of ^luskingnm River, Ohio..
At Xow Castle, Del
Hliiiois aiul Mississippi Canal, construction
of
Hlinois River, 111. :
Examination and survey of, Indow La
Salh'
Improveun'ut of
ImproveuK'nt of Missisxippi IJiver be-
tMTin Des Molni's Itajiids and
Imj)roA't'nicnt of Mississijiju Kiver be-
tWfon Ohio Kivcr atid
Opcialiiig and cart; of La (Iraiiije Lock .
Increasing water sui)])! y of Washington, D. ( -
Indian River. Flu.. b<'t\vp<>n Tilusvillo and \
Jupiter Inh't, examination of i
Indiana rinite. Falls of Ohio Kiver. imj»rove-
meiit of
In^iurv to and oceuiKUicy of public works by
corporations or in<lividuals '.
InsjM^rtion of inipiovenientof .South l\ass of
MissiBsipid River ,
Parti.
124
132
347
86 890
292
280
42
341
153
200
229
69 773
429
430
430
274
94
944
433
82
81
866
864
18
427
397
411
76
367
817
363
3,')3
48
604
Part n. Part m.
1181
1305
62 732
113
113
120
334
335
332
263
2r,9
3:53
442
195
206
19 436
19 221
1656
1704
1843
Part IV.! Part V. IPartYL
2366
2259
2758
2218
1072
1072
1160
1673
2006
23C7
2633
2658
2611
2119
2087
2630
2393
1805 .
8138
3120
3286
2843
2820
2776
8C04
8865
.™.„.
Vnnt.
Paitn
Ul
IlBwi.;!! RUtr. M««., ImprovemeBl of ... .
iBlr M.rtl« (.Up). «in..vnl of wreek of . . . .
J.
J««k»oiiCr«k, C1ie.tetW.M, Hi., rtdnmil
131
IM
u
tet
DO
IM
a 731
11-ni
jKkMP. MiM., Md CTth-LgH. Mi«., rsKl
J^SwBvaio uid siiitoRL ^Ui., St. Johu.
Jwaaloi Buy and Uii.R Bbm^I. loJot K. Y.,
jBlfcr-QO. Ten-, and Sl.rovrport, L... Cy.
preu Bnyou imd lt» l»k«i bol<r«ii. ■nr.
Jollkb WhttahiMiM (■choooei), r«uoT,l of
IIM
jDpttcr Inlet and TEdiaTJIIe. Fla.. ludliin
H.
Eiuuu Citr. hridginfc UEuourl River *Uoul
an
m
'■XI
EnnuA Cilv T«niilnal Kuilwuy Coiuluu,!.
hridKP o< .«™* Miwiourt Rlvtr i,«Xr
XuH. Riv«r, ksii.., li^idiiue Miwrnrt
kH"""?;-"'-:": '■""■-
K.|. ;.;,;' 'i! ■■ .' .. n 1, ,„
K-\'.'- -'. '. \'. ■' ' ' i-'l "![I!IIk!!i "i .'
3"a
K. ■ ■ 1 . . -■ 1 :■ Mmi'.,;
"
h-i-Vwr-iii
S
„,
Kl:i"leui»e KlvEt, Mint,.. ,i„|u-ii...i>iviir ..1
s:
18
IKDEX.
Subject.
Lake Arthur, La., courso of Mormenton
River through, cxaniiuution and survey of.
Lake Champlain, ^'arrows of, N. Y. and
Vt., improvement of
Lake County, Tenn., and Fulton County,
Ky., Mississippi River between, cxamiua-
tiou of
Lake dea AlIemuudH, La., and points near
Vacherie, eto., bayous Chevreuiland Tigro
between, examination of
Lake Uuron, ('orsica Shoal, Mich., at lower
end of, examination of
Lake Huron, harbor of refuge at Sand Beach,
Mich
Lake Monroe, Fla., St. Johns River above,
examination of
Lake Poutchartrain, La., shoals in, near
Rigolets, examination of
Lake Samamish, Wash., ship canal to con-
nect Puget Sound with, examination for..
Lake Suiwrior, purchase of canals connect-
ing Portage Lake, Mich., with
Lake Superior Ship Canal Railway and
Iron Company Canal, purchase of
Lake Union, Wash., ship canal to connect
Puget Sound with, examination for
Lake Washington, Wash., ship canal to con-
nect Puget Souud with, examination for. .
Lakes, Great, ship channel in connecting
waters of the, between Chicago, Duluth,
and Buffalo, examination of
Lakes, northern and nortliwestem, printing
and distribution of charts of
Lakes, northern and north western, survey
of
Page.
Part L
Part II.
Larchmont Harbor. N. Y., improvement of .
La Salle, 111,, Illinois River below, exami-
nation and survey of
La Trappe River, *Md., examination and
survey of
Laws of Fifty-tirst Congre8s,8econd session,
affecting Corps of Engineers
Leaf River, Miss., improvement of
Leavenworth and Platte County Bridge
Company, bridge of, across Missouri
River at Leavenworth, Kans
Lo^avenworth, Kans., bridging Missouri
River at
Leavenworth, Kans.. ^Missouri River from
old month (»f IMatlc liivcr. Litth' Point,
to Ji point (>i>i>()Hit<', t'xainlnation of
L<'e. ( Jrncral (stf.'ini(!r). TCiunval of wriM-k of.
Lrc Slouy;!), Fla., iiu])rov«'iiiriit <»r
Lrodihbrist (rlcvaloD. iciuovalof wi«'(k oi'.
Lo\isa Fork, Big f^andy Jiivtr, Ky., iui-
lHOVt'llHllt of
liCWcH, Del., coii.struction of iron i>i<r in
Dclawart* Jlay mar
Lcwi'.s, Del., Delaware Jiay at or iicai, and
{'hiu<'ot(a;;n(^ liny, Va., water way l>e-
tneen, iiiijirov ement of
Le^vis an<I Clarke River. OrcLroii, «'xamiiia-
tion an<l .siu vev t'(»r siiai:;:iin;
Lewi."<toii. I(lali<». 1>ri<l;iiii^ (.'I<ar\vater Jiiver
about J 1 inil<'S .-ibove
IJekiii;:: Iliver, Ky.. l)t!tweeii Farmer and
West Lil)(rty. improvement of
T.in«'luster iiiver, >M., examinat i<)n (»f
Lit(lt.< Kjiix Harbor Uay ami Inlet, X. .!.,
examinat ion for liai'hor of refi!;ie at
Little Harbor. X. H., harl)or of ret'n;;e at ...
J.,i1tl^^ Island. Mas.s.. bridt^in'j channel be-
tween mainland at ().sti'i-\ ille and. Uarn-
stabli'. Mass
Littli* Kan.iwlia Kiver, W. \'a.. inii>i'ove-
ment of
Little X.inM^ans<-lt Jiay, \Vat( Ii Hill Cove,
I J. I., examination of
Little Pede(> Iliv«'r. S. ('., im])rovement of. . .
Little Vi'^fuM iCiver. Tenn., Ixlow Sivij-r-
ville. examinat ion of
Little I'lalt.' K'iver, Mo., old montli (►f. to a
])oinf opix'-'^'t*' Le;i\ enwortli. Missouri
River from,exaniinaliou of
230
387
258
229
363
353
195
229
412
17
17
412
412
362
445
44.'.
74 800
335
132
477
218
423
428
27.")
1H4
11)7
L';51
307
114
rJ3
421
■131
:;o')
131
IIK
;jl GJri
431
30S
C>2 735
171
'2<>
275
Part III.
1838
1215
1841
1666
1839
1792
PartlV.
2073
2C53
ir>02
It5!l6
18GD i
2229
2 ICC
PartV.
PtrtVL
2:37
2820
2776
2810
39!7
3927
1073
1168
3333
iir.«) i
2462
1202
100.')
I4IS
2471
22s
' )
ooo*)
Little Point. UiiwnrlRi>i'r
of I'latW RiVCT Hi. Id (I
LoiTeB'rnn.ti, es»BilnatiDi- ..
Lliilu lEvA KlvcT, Ark. improi
Li (lie Kivar, La.,l.rlrtj-—
^ni dill moil 111
tm.K" ■ -
Clinton, Iowa. ei« .,
fcr ccmoYiiliir lMn-J"T'''l "f
LilllB Swdua Jlay,It.T.,uiiTboTnliliniiruVB-
Litllo ToBBPMeo BiTor, niar ^"lk■s i'l-ny
Tenn., brhls« ulMtTUClluir
XocksanadamB:
Cooait Itinir, Ga. »nd Al«., opfmllng
Van Rivvt.v-'li..op^ciitimiani cure oC
<iSf"fi;.ft'fc\v.-y,,v;s,-.
uid keeping In rapulr
HDud* RlvorJU.'. operaUng mid canof
Lh Bntngs Lock ,
KenLnckjr^var, Ky., opmUiBj ami
knplDE in rspair lociui nod itiinii on . .
MDnoDganela Rtvet. op«ra11iiE nnd can
^ of ketiB and danie Non. B and II
MonoaCTl
onil Uu
Xls'lil
iclinBO uf Luck
Mi»klDeum Ilici-r. Ubio. opcraling ami
Lnrli wS'8 KoTty feww,'^!l?., lio pro'fimcni
Lo"ni ■ iiLw' h' jnli'V wd Jiii'ikl™ 'JIbiJ.'-N.Y,;
wat«wayWn-mi,«uiuiu;i[iouiiiiiifliir
Xons Bridge anil IIll1l^ I., ri'lm" '. .1 r Im 1^
■hntnliiii BtV'T ii. I . . . I
XaD)*TlIleand>-<^.'.'.' ,
Lridee of, DbatiK." I ..i,
i^srilU "aid Ptlnldi»: (. nDnl, Ky,. ujii^t:,!
Lm&TlUa!^-° Fiu«"'uf oiii"" Hlvct "liiVim"
pravermnl of, -,-,--.^-4„-, ,.-„.-
LitnlaviU*, St. Laai* aiti Tnax Ituilniiul
CampaBT, bridge of, olnlniclluj; Urwu
MivCT.Ki
Lo vet WUlainettc Rlter.OrvgDD, bduw ran-
land, ImproTimHBt of
Lnbec Channol, He., examination of.
Lubec Cluuiiiel. H«., tmptnvnnent of.
I.ul>«cUe..»iMbllabnivntorhaiIior)iBuat.
Ludlngton B
.N.i.tt
>.. Improvei
Pnrtl. PurlU. rutin.ll'aniv.
Lynn Harbor. Miu*., ImpniTinni'iit of .
Ivnn IIiFen Bay and eaalWD liranr
EliHbeth RiT»r,Yi».,wiitor way Lcn
eMiiiliutlon of-
l.Min Uartn Bay. nnrCnpe lXi-urr.Bl filol of
Clicwipeakr> Bay. V ii.,FUUnlliulian uuil nnr-
icyfur liarbur of nrfiigi' Bt
HuMMinan. ISqiuD) RIvit, K.J,, 1
Manatre RlV.'r. Flii. ImpravTiii'iit '
UflHt^ljjtc Uavou. La., uoiimvoimiul
HaoobMlPr Harbor. SlaM,, improvf
i(»nlslt« Harbor, Mich., liuprovon
20
INDEX.
SiTBJEOT.
Pago.
Parti.
Map8, cRtiinntes for publicatiou of
MapH, military and other
Marciia Hook^ Pa., ice-harbor at, improve
meutof , - ,
Maria Green (schooner), removal of wreck of. j
Marietta and Nortli Georgia Railway Com-
pany, bridge of, obatruoting Little Ten-
nt-ifwee Kiver
Marietta, Ohio, briilge obstructing Muskin-
gum liiver at
Marion, Fort, Pla*., repair and preserva-
tion of -
Marquette Harbor, Mich., improvement of..
Marouette Harbor, Mich., 8urv<\v at
Marthas Vineyard, inner harlwr at £<lgar-
town, Mass., improvement of
Marthas Vineyard, Menemsha Bight, Mass.,
examination and survey of
Mary Kllen (schooner), removal of wreck of.
Mary H. Rhoades (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Mattaponi River, Va., improvement of
Mattawan Creek, N. J., improvement of
Mattituck Bay, Suffolk County, N. Y., ex-
amination for breakwater at
Maurice River, N. J., improvement of
May, Cape. (See Cape May.)
Mctomb Dam Bridge, New Tork, N. Y.,
bridge to replace
McKeesport, Ta., bridging Youghiogheny
River at *. .
McMinnville, Oregon, YamhUl River below,
examination and survey of
Mediator (steamer), removal of wreck of
Memphis Harbor, Tenn., examination of
Menemsha Bight, Marthaa Vineyard, Mass.,
examination and survey of
Menomonee Harbor, Mich, and "Wis., im-
provement of
Menomonee River, Mich, and "Wis., im-
i)rovement of
Mormenton River, La., and tributaries, ex-
amination and survey of
Merrimac River, Mass., improvement of
M. E. Tremble (sc^hooner), removal of wreck
of
Miamns River, Conn., examination and sur-
\ey of I
Micliipni (Jity Harbor. Ind.. iini)r<)vement of. j
Milos (Mty. Mont., Touj;ue River near, ex- j
arninat ion of i
Miltbrd Harbor, Conn., improvement of j
Military dipartincntH, estimates for surveys
and rcconnai.ssane«'s in '. . .
Military divinions and departments, rccon-
njiissances and oxjilorations in
Military iiijii)s
MihvjMikt'e nay. Wi.s.. harbor of refuge at . .
Milwauki'e Harb(>r. Win., improvement of..
Minjro Crot^k. S. ('.. imiirovement of
Milling deltriH question in Califoniia, in-
vestigation of
Minneapoli.<». Minn.. an<l De.n ^loine.s Rap-
id.s. MiH.sissippi River In^tween, improve-
ment of
]Minne.sota Point, at Sup<*rior. Wis., im-
provement of
^Iinii«\sota River. ^linn.. imjirovement of...
IMinnewauken Slioaln. I)e\il Lake. N. Dak.,
(^xaniinat ion of
Mispillicm Creek. Del., inii)rovement of
Mi.spillion River, Del., examination ami sur-
vey of
Mi.srtiMsipi)i Canal, IllinoiH and, (;on.struction
of
MiKsi.sHijjpi River:
Hri«l;:iny:. at Alton, 111
Hritliriii:;. at St. Paul, Minn
Bri<l;Liin;i, at Win<»na. Minn ^.
Jiridging. near Clinton, Iowa ,
317
323
129
450
449
113
131
435
434
6 11 533
315
445
49 608
62
131
lU
104
80 843
117
432
431
421
118
258
62
318
318
230
34 628
361
81 852
344
277
69 770
450
449
449
'^':'^
:{25
173
399
265
313
271
274
122
132
334
432
4:u)
427 431
428
Partn. Partni.:Part IV.
1193
1072
1201
1201
1201
1273
1003
1088
1090
1455
1166
1858
2323
2545
2505
2527
2528
PartV.
PartTL
3927
3381
8587
2801
2706
2237
2560
3M3
2900
2147 '
i
2409 I
2i:u7 j
222:j '
2a33
Part n. riutin. J-urtlV.I Pan
olftnt of bBflk n
IB Klvei
I, Ky.. north
EiamliiallaD of, at WnniBw, 111 . .
£»iDlDHtion of. rioin lj3ee Conn
Tbdu., to KiUtOD t'DDuty, K
HQd veal of Reelfoot Lake
EnuainnttaD ar>>lan|{hat HmnilUm
(rftugiDK, Mnd LtA pribulT^nl trlhutirli
UBUglng, at or near St.faaj, Minn.
ImproTenient of, above Fallii at at. An-
Ininruvetdent of. betWMn I>ea JMoinn
Kapiaiuidlllinaliililivr
ImpniTenivnt of, butn-een lliaiieniiallB
luid DesMolon BapidH _.
1nipn>rem(Mitor,.l>cCwceii Ohio Slid Illl.
^er HDd B«>d of "the Piihs
port of UbBlHlpplUlverlJi
Ijinpectlon of lunproveinent of
Pauof.
Openttnj' aiug boata and dndge boula
RtwnoTing anaira nod wnckaftum
Beopeiilug Wllluv Sloneb, or Home
otLer channel from Qnlncy B«y to. . .
Brideing, bi^Cweftn. Cnnncil ]
■nd Eauh Omabii. Nebr
Bridgla^, between Leavenwiinh, Kane.,
flridjtiDg, near mov
ail.lClajCoS,MD.."
Bridgloe. Bear Qiitndan
S.B nifSa above Kainaa
Euunbiatian and anrvi-y nf, brtwefn
canyon next below Stu1>bB Fi^rry aoil
QreatFatlB.Mont ..
e County, E
mouth of BieSlooi
Una of SoDth Dakota .
EiaiBiDatiDti and aun
Koni City, Iowa, bi
HoM......
PtMte Hirer, f.ittlu Point, tg ]
oppoalta LsiTeoiTorlli, Kan»...
Mi.noui!iJ,^l»Jtivw,W.
llrblging. neiiT Pltti
Improvementof---.
?(M.B'ond9-."."^.'
Parobaie of Lock ai
fonfaaae of Lock nui
S2
INDEX.
Subject.
Pago.
Parti.
Monroo, Fort, Va., beach protect Ion, %vat<.'r
supply, and Reworajrc* system at
Monroe'Harbor, Mich., improvement of
Monroe, Lake, Fla., St. Johns River above,
examination of
Mont^aano, Wash., Chehalis lUver below,
examination and survev of
Monnment, "\Va8hingtou,\Vashin«|ftou, D. C,
maintenanceof
Moodua lliver, N. Y., examination and sur-
vey of
Mooseabec Bar, Me., iniprovement of
Mount Desert to Porcupine Island, Me., ]
breakwater from
Mount Vernon, Va., Potomac River at, im-
provement of
Moyock, N.C., North- West River below, ex- j
amination of. '
Murderers Creek, N. Y., examination and
survey of.
Murderlkill River, Del. .examination and sur-
vey of ■
Murphy, Johii II ., et al., brid«;c of, in Barn-
stable, Mass
Muscle Shoals Canal, Tennessee River, ojxt-
ating and care of
Muskegon Harbor, Mi(di., improvement of. . .
Muskingum County, Ohio, bridges of com-
missioners of, obstructing Muskingum
River
Muskingum River, Ohio:
Bridge obstructing, between Marietta
and Ilamiar
Bridge obstructing, lietween Taylors-
Aille and Duncan Falls ".
Bridge obstruirting canal of, at foot of
Main street, Zanesville
Ice-hiirbor at mouth of
Improvement of
Operating and care of hK?ks and damson
Mvrtio Point, Oregon, and CiMiuille City,
Coquillo River between, examination and
survev of
Mystic River. ( '(mn., improvement of
Mystic River, Mass., examination ami sur-
vey of
Nandu.i Crr< k, Va.. oxaniinat ion of
Xunseinoml Rivrr, Va., iui]n<>viiiuiit of
Kaiiticoke RiviT, ^Md., iiortliwtst Jork of.
exaiuinjition of
!Naiitnrket. Mass.. harbor ofrofujic at
lsa]>a Rivir. ( 'al., ijiijirovi'inciit of
2sarrai:aiis('tt ]iay, li. 1.. «'liaiin»'I brtwrcn
Starve (Unit Island and inainlainl. rxaiiii-
nation of
!Narra;;ansctt JJay. K. I., loiKstriietion of
eascinatr.s for dcfiiiso <»f
Xarragaiisctt Hay. II. I .. imiirovcint'ut of . . . .
Xarra.LCuaiins Iiiv«T. ^Ir.. iniiirovcnuiit of..
Narrows of Lake ('liaini)lain. X. V.aud \l.,
iinprovenMHt of
Xas«l Jlivei, Wash., cxaniinalion and sur-
vev of
Xasfivilh' (.steamer), wreck of
XashviUe. Tenn.. (.'inuherhind Jiiver ahove,
improvement of
Xiishvilh', Tenn.. rmnberhuid River beh)\v,
inii)rovenient of
X«'«hes Rivir. Tex.. inij>roveinenl <•!'
Xeliah'ni I>a\'. Oregon, iniprovement of
Nellie (l»;>r;xf). renioxal <»f wreck of
Neniadji liiver, at Snperior, Wis., exaniina-
t ion of
Neshawana and Cnttyhunk i.slands. ^lass..
Canapifsit Channel." bet ween, exaininati(»n
and snrv»'v of
Neiiso River, N. ( '.. improvement of |
New Bedford Harbor, Mass., inii>rovement '
Of ! I
10 529
363
195
411
411
P4 .014
20 572
21 570
138
153
94 944
132
431
287
340
434
434
434
434
203
293
29.3
410
C3 740
47 072
Part II.
14G
148
1283
1298
l.'U
4S
:;s9
690
12»)4
G2
1 ly.>
(;
.'.4
L'l
712
:)7i
3S7
-in
1
!
'2.<i
4<i.')
107
::iG
('.2
Partm.
ParilV.
ICGO
1252
1321
2322
2367
2369
Part V.
PtrtVL
2825
3297
3037
2GS9
3273
2052
1C05
2037
JJ204
is::g
loir,
227(»
22C8
3205
2.')12
i:;58
51 704
INDEX,
23
SUBJCCT.
Pago.
Part I. Part II. !Part UI. Part IV. Part V. • Part VI.
2few Borne ami Beaufort, X. C, water way
between, improvement of
Xew Bridge Com pan v, bridge of, obstruct - '
ing Ashley lit ver, 5^. C
Xew Castle, Del., cHtublishment of harbor ;
lines at
Xew Castle, Del., ice-harbor at, improve-
ment of
New Haven, Conn., break wat4;r at
New Haven Harbor, Conn., improvement of
New London Harbor, Conn., examination
of Shaw Cove
New London Harbor, Conn., improvement
of
Now Orleans Harbor, La., removal of wrecks
in
New Iwiver, N. C, and Beaufort Harbor, N.
C, water way between, improvement of. .
New River, N. C, and Swansboro, N. C,
water way between, improvement of.
New River, N. C, improvement of
New River, Va. and ^\ . Va.. improvement of .
New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y., improvement
of
New Rochelle, N. Y., Echo Harbor, im-
provement of
New York Central and Hudson River Rail-
road Companv, bridge of. obstructing
Spnvten Duyvil Creek, N. Y'
New Ifork Harbor, N. Y'. :
Construction of casemates at
Defense of
Establishment of harbor lines in, and }
adjacent waters >
Examination of Bay Ridge Channel
Examination of ihittennilk and Go-
wanns Bay channels
Improvement of
Improvement. of Bay Ridge Channel
Improvement of Buttermilk Channel . . .
Improvement of Gowanus Bay
Removal of wreck in
Supervision of
New York, N. Y., bridge of commissioners
of public parks of city of, acro.ss Harlem
River at 155th street and McComb Dam
Itoad
New York, N. Y., bridging Hudson River at.
Newark Bay, N. J., and llackensack, N. J.,
Hackensack River between, examination
and surA'ey of
Newark, N. J., Passaic River above, im-
^proveraent of
Newark, N. J., Passaic River below, im-
provement of
Newburj-port Harbor, Mass., improvement
of
ICO
433
18 423
120
68 7G6
67 761
79 833
64 740
231
102
162
163
302
I
I
74 804 '
I
74 802 I
435
Newport Creek, head of Wicomico ICiver,
Ma., examination of
Newport Harbor, R. I., improvement of
Newport Harbor, R. I., south of Goat Island,
examination of
Newport River, N. C, improvement of
Newtown Creek, N. Y"., establishment of
harbor lines in
Newtown Creek, N. Y., imi)roveuient of
Niagara Falls, N. Y.. Port Day above, ex-
amination and survey of
Niagara. Fort, N. Y., protection of site of..
Niagara River, N. Y., Improvement of
Nilos Ferry, Tenn., brulge obstructing
Little Tennessee River in;ar
Nomini Creek, Va.. improvement of
Nooksack River, Wash., examination of
Nootsack River, Wash., improvement of . . .
Norfolk and Western Railroad Company,
bridges of, across Tug Fork of Big Santly
River
Norfolk Harbor, Va., and Albemarle Sound.
N. C, water way between, improvement of.
Norfolk Harbor, Va., improvement of '
Norfolk Harbor, Va., improvement of ap-
proaches to
6
5
18
{
424(
958<
94 '940
93 937
00 922
90 917
88 911
89 914
93 937
422
432
433
107
100
99
33 626
146
57 719 i
I
62 736
424 061
87 906
378
8 517
376
435
340
410
408
431
151
146
146 147
1363
1225
1160
1372
1376
1379
1016
990
988
1281
1363
1259
1302
1291
1201 1290
1809
2430
3393
3853
2888
3271
3238
24
INDEX.
Subject.
North Eaftt (Cape Fear) River, N. C, iin-
provoiuent of
North East Kiver, Md., improvement of
North LamliuH; River, Va. and N. C, im-
provement of
North River Bar, N. C, improvement of
Nortli River Rriil^je Company, bridge of,
aeroHR Iliidrton River at New York City..
North River, Moaa., at Salem, examination of.
North River, MaAS., shoals at mouth of, ex-
amination of
Nortli River, "Wash., exaiinination and sur-
vey of
Nortii-AVest River» N. C, below Moyock,
examination of .*
Northern and northwestern lakes, printing
and distribution of charts of
Northern and northwestern lakes, ship
channel in connecting waters of, between
Chicago, Duluth, and Buffalo, examina-
tion of
Northern and northwestern lakes, survey of.
Northern l*acitic and Puget Sound Sliore
Railroad Company, bridge of, across Du-
wamish River, Wash
Northwestern and northern lakes, printing
and distributi<m of charts of
Northwi'stern and northern lakes, ship
channel in connectin*' waters of, between
Chicago, Duluth, and Butlah>, examination
of
Northwestern and northern hikes, survey of.
Norwiilk Harbor, Conn., improvement of . .
Nottoway River, Va., below Courtland, ex-
amination of
Noxubee River, Miss., improvement of
O.
Oak Bay and Port Townsend Bay, Pnget
Soundi Wash., examinatitm for ship chan-
nel between. . .•
Oak Orchard Harlxjr, N. T., improvement of .
Oakland Harbor, Cal., improvement of
Obion River, Tenn., examination and sur-
vey of
Occoquan Creek, Va., improvement of
Occupancy of and injury to imblic works by
corporations or individuals
Ocklawaha River. Fla., imi)r«)vem«'nt of
0(^iMiil;j:c*e Kivcr. (la.. iinproviMiii'iit of
Oonnilj;«M' KivtT. (ia.. to (Jovingtou, Yellow
Rivtr from, exaiuitintion of
Oc«.)iio(; Rivt-r, (Ja.. iniiinivciiieiit oi'
Oconee River, (.la., near Diihliii. hrijl^iii;^. . .
Oconto Harbor. Wis., iiniiroveiiient of
Ocracoke Jnlet, N. (\, iniproveiiieiit of
OtKre of the (.'hief of Kni;nieerH
Orticers of (;orp.s of i^'nirineera
Ottieers of Corp.s of Eii'^ineers, re<'oinineTida-
tions as to exaininaliona for i»roinotioii ()f .
Otiieers of (.'ori>H of P>ii;riueer.4. .'<tateiii«>iit
sljowing rank ami <liities of
Ogdon.'<l)urg llarlior, N. V.. imnrovement of.
()"eeeliee Kiver, (J a., wreckH in ; . . .
OLi«» Riv»*r:
C<m8trn('tion of movable dam near
mouth of lJea\ er Jiiver. Pa
Examination of, at ( )weii.sboro.- Ky
Examination of, between mouth of
(ireen Kiver, Ky ., and Ph'ansville, Ind .
Imi)rovement of
Improvement of Fall.'* of, Loiii.sville. Ky .
Jmiuovemeiit of Indiana (Mnite. Falls of.
lmi)rovemeiit of Mississij>pi llivtrr be-
low, etc. (re]K)rt of Mi.s.si.ssippi Kiver
Commis.-^ion)
Improvement of Mi.^^si.ssipiii River be-
tween Illinr)is River and
Operating and ear.- of Davi.s Island Dam.
Ojieratijij: .snag boats on
Olcott Harbor. X. V.. iini)rovement of
Olynipia llaibor, Wash., examination and
survey of
Page.
Parti.
1G4
124
151
152
433
46 608
46 670
409
153
445
362
445
431
445
362
445
71 786
153
217
409
377
388
285
138
19 436
186
18-J
184
181
429 430
:n9
156
451
3
453
383
200
294
2<>4
288
205
206
422
25.T
21H)
2JH>
377
411
Partn.
1363
1182
1304
1305
1321
1315
Partm.
PartlV.
1253
1787
PartV.
8263
Part VI.
2810
2810
2292
3200
2886
2MS
1620
1543
1606
1530
89S7
3927
39*7
39n
386S
1341
I
2531 :
1005
2923
2n,>4
238U
2328
2:>S7
2393
zsn
2087
2:{j4)
2349
2893
Omibii, Kvbi,. briilcing H
Eut.
m. N. r.
'. PHtV. PnrlTI.
tl River >t
. . ._ _ . ._, yt. tinprorera
UntoniijfiiD Hurlxir. Mlrb., Imiirtr
bSdw df. KpbM tV--'-'- — ^^■
Vinmnnr, Wuh...
Onun HivOT, Ud- ImnniTe
OaturriUa, BHinUhV I _, „._„
rhmiBcl betmes Utile Iduid uid aula-
, Uas*., luidelDg
OnttliluRivmVu
Owensboro Hirlwr
liutluDoC.
,. kod Li„ intn'DTe-
D of ihfi, Kport of Killing
Puddj Rriio (*»*), rBmimU er wrecV of. .
P*iUlU Buy. Wiwh.. uul tfkMtt Bay, n(«r
"- ■- "-"-imliih siDiuh Buuiwet-
wtDomiiih STmuh c
in and HQn~ey of - ■
Inc. exjuDliutLon and HQn~ey oi
Panaloi Klxa. S. C. and Bq Rl
PinliCQ RlVFT, N. C„' it 'Wwhlngton J
Piirnlln>RlT»r, y. Clmpri
r^y. C sppwille Bhid PdIi
26
INDEX.
Page.
Subject.
Pier in Delaware Bay, near Lowes. Del.,
construction of
Piers, etc., occiipauc^v of and injury to, by
corporations or individuals
Pine Lake, Mich., entrance to, improve-
ment of
Pine Lake, Mich., near Charlevoix, bridgin';.
Piscataway Creek, Md., examination of
Piscataway Creek, Va., examination of
Pittsburg, Pa., bridging Allegheny River
at SixiTi street
Pittsburg, Pa., bridging Monongahela
River near
Plaquemlne, Bayou, La., bridge obstructing.
Plaquemine, Bayou, La., improven.ient of . .
?laqueraine, Bayou, La., securing mouth
ofV from further caving
Platte County, Mo., uridging Missouri
River at -
Platte, Department of the, report of acting
engineer officer on operations in
Platte River (Little), Mo., old mouth of, to
a point opposite Leavenworth, Kaiis.,
Missouri River from, examination of
Plattsbnrg Harbor, N. Y., improvement of.
Plattsburg. N. Y., inner bay near mouth of
Saranac lUver at, examination of
Pleasant River, Me., improvement of
Pleasant River, Me., removal of wrecks in . .
Plymouth Harbor. Mass., improvement of. .
Point Judith, R. I., harbor of refuge at
Points Duma and Capistrano, Cal., deep-
water liarbor on Pacific coast between,
examination for
Pollock Rip Hhoals, Mass., removal of wreck
at :
Pontchartrain, Lake, La., shoals in, near
Rigolets, examination of
Porcupine Island, Me., breakwater from
Mount Desert to
Port Barre, La., and St. Martinsville, Bayou
Teche between, examination of ,
Port Chester Harbor, N. Y., improvement of .
Port Clinton Harbor. Ohio, improvement of. .
Port Costa, Cal., modification of harbor lines
at
PartL
Part n. Part in. Part IV.
Port Day, N. Y., above Niagara Falls, exam-
ination and Rurvev of
Port Huron, Mich., Black River at, improve-
ment of
Port Jeff« rsoii Jnlrt, harbor at, N. Y., iin-
l)rovciiKnt of
Port Orloid lIiirl>or, Oregon, rcuxauiina-
t ion of
I*ort Royal and An^iusta Railway Comj)any,
bri(l*:<^of, ol)strn('fin<i Savannah Kiver, Ga
Port Townsrnd ]5ay and Oak liav. PujjiJ't
Sonnd. \\' ash., examination for stiip cliau-
ii(d l)(*t ween
Port View Ihid^e Company, bridge of, across
Yonj;liiojL;lieny liiver, Pa
Port \VaMljin<^ton Harbor, Win., ini})rov<»- |
Tnent of
Porta;:c Lake and River Improvement Com-
pany Canal, purchase of I
Portable Lake, Alieh.. liarbor of refug«^ at ...
I*orta;;e Lake. .Mi<li. (llou<iht<»n (bounty), I
establishment of harbor lines in J
Portage Lake, Mirli. (Hou;;hton County), i
purchase of canals between, and Kcweo-*|
naw Bay and Lake Superior, Mich '
Portage Lake. Mich. (Ilonghton ('«)nntv), '
resurvey an«l relocation of harbor linc^ in. .'
Portage liiver. Mich., jmrcliaseof water way |
along '. J
Portland Canal, Louisville ami, Jvy., oper- '
at ing an<l care of
Portland liarbor, ^le,, construction of case-
mate at
Portlajul Harbor. Me., improvement of '
I'ortlaiid Harbor, Me., removal of wrcckfrom i
114
19 436
.336
4:{2
145
146
431
432
434
225
231
428
450
275
385
388
20 573
32 610
44 660
58 722
61
731
229
21
576
230
73
3C5
797
426
378
354
70
814
411
1073
1279
1289
435
403
431 !
I
324 I
17
,337
\H 310 ]
317 4-JG !
I
I
17
316 317 I
230
0
595
32 0U9
1824
18G7
PartV.
Part VI.
38C5
2072
1830
1852
2229
3940
2931
2938
2835
2948
2780
3305
3200
2070
2519
2522
2394
27
SUBJicr.
Part I.
iwll
17 SOT
431
US
4IT
■£"
ne
3Ti
m
415
^»
65 Ti:.
l-nrllmiil (tn'Cnil. CuluHblB iiB<i' WJIU^
PuMlnnrt, Ot<«Mi.WlU™Btt«iRl™rBl»v..
135
KnwtlDB uf'aili way"" f"^* !'•""■■■
■^J.St'.'SSsils^r?''."'^:
PHiwt RupMii, WmVi., fint of, nvl 1i«m1 dT
PrDtnnUaB Df clffl»n of Carpsaf EnslDMm,
jMfcM Hhoul
'?■''■'■'■•'. "■■''.':■:■,;:=;
HO
I'lu'-iiimriit^Ti, wuHii.,i\.ii.iiJi..t.u,i-V
■'■"
,.„
<|.
gijliicvli,n,T III. r...i|i....Ni-M-ill„vrSMnslr,
It.
il;:;:r'''S:.\V':;?;iiS;i'''"
'lili
»
¥«rtn.lp»rtni.lPiirtIV. P.itV
lUiitwi Rirer,K,J.,IinprnveraEDt uf
ItWonbabvntlfvA - -.-,
K«annMH«iiw> io mlUUry <l>>]>ilHaiiiiit«,
iM rICct Xii-:' 'v-'i<.:u ' 'wv ' 'fTiiViiVje-
menlor.
Bed KlTH, Li, .i... ..rol .-
Ked Hlwr.l... . . i ■ ;, .M^i-
i«Hiliiil,liri:l-.i.
Bed River of Ilii ■• ^ IV Diik..
Uld Irihntiiri™ nbu.n t.Tnu- >ull« Hliil
CRnlExton. Uld Uij: c>t<iiiu Luke, cuiiiilua-
Uor nnd iiirvfy of. -
Bnt KlTcr or Aw NoHh. Minu. nnd I<~.
Duk., Bt QooH Ropbla. EuunlDatiim fur
WUfttrui!tltni orlocK and djuu -
Bed Kli-er of Il» North, Uiim. Biid S. Oak.,
Btdo^o^^Hnb
Redwood Cnck. CbL.
Kedwooil Creek, C«l.. tmiiro
Ueelnwt Likn ^rnn', liiulMippi BIyit I
norlli md west of. einniinatloii uf !
Bmervoln at iuuuVwatera «f lliulHlpid
•'■I ■:
<;r«U.t1H,,i«„„, :.
Rr.;:^:'fi^.v k. ,v
wpwkiif
KlohmoDd, ■>
illltUanlln<l^:l ' '
B^'i'ta'vXwitonJ'
.IrncM™ uul Impm
Biunoki-KivM, V».Bii
MiMi-afpiii.
5:
U™«1 Piirk.
■Oll-
ent
Rgto.i ■■ ...li... .■■
N.
l:.. Il.ill llnrbur i
-urt
l:':.. :,■.■■
I!^i!i»
Iw-
1:
.: '. :;;:."""..rs";
„ ■ '■ ■ '.■■', ■■'■'
K..i.K.|^l
"■J.'l"!' '^ ■' "rtiim-
£S!!
i'&SSsSiLiiisv
rk c.r lliKS:.ii.l.v liiviT, Ky..i'inni-
K' UlviT llMwrin.
Sntiliii: IliviT, ^<aL, ht^t^rn iHi^ I.
■ml Sudilui- Haff -m mtiitaot..
"-' "' - "^«..ift[WUvWii«i u-f....
■ ■«^-'- 1iiirl)ur.-,t,im!.n
SorkMlH KarK-T.
INDEX.
Subject.
Saco River. Me., breakwater at mouth of. .
Saco River, Mo., iniproveraent of
Sacraroento River, Cal., Board on improve
ment of ,
Sacramento River, Cal., improvement of . . .
{Sacramento River. Cal., in vestigation of min-
ing-debris question
Sacramento River. Cal., mouth of, survey of
Sac Harbor, Suffolk County, N. Y., examina-
tion and survey for breakwater at
Saginaw River, Mioli., improvement of
Saginaw River, Mich., injury to n^vetnlent in
St. Anthony FnllH, Minn., MiHsissippi River
above, iiiiprovi'ment of
St. A nguHtiiie Harbor, Fla., establishment of
harbor lines in
St. Augustine Uarl>or, Fla., examination of
cliaunel in
St, Augustine Harbor, Fla., improvement of.
St. Charles IJay. Tex., examination for re-
moving obstructions at mouth of
St. Clair Flats Canal. Mich., improvement of.
St. Clair FlatH Canal, Mich., in.jury topierat.
St. Clair Flats Canal. Mioh., operating and
cani «if
¥>t. Clair. Miulison and St. Louis Belt Rail-
roa4l Company, bridgt^ of, across Missis-
sippi River at Alton. 111.
St. CI
'lair River, Midi,, Corsica Shoal in lower
end of Lake Huron near, examination of . .
St. Clair River, Mich., removal of wrecks in.
St. Croix Lak4«. Wi.s., near Hudson, exami-
nation of
St. Croix River, Mc. improvement of
St. Croix River. Wis. and Minn., improve-
ment of
St. Croix River, AVis. and Minn., survey for
reservoirs at sources t»f
St. Francis River. .\rk., inii>rovcnient of
St. Francis Kiver. M<»., improvement of
St. .leniMje Hay. Md., ••xamination of
St..Inliii.s Hiver. Fla.. impiovement of
St..I(tlinM liiver, I'la.. iip|»r part of, south
of l.akf MoiiifH- : and from .Jacksonville to
Sjinford. ex;imiii;itioii of
St. .lotie.s IJi vei-. 1 )«1.. inijtntvemeiit of
S; . .Io«i»]i!i H.irlwH. Mich., iiuprox eiiit nt i»f
.<r . .Iiisrpli i;i\ < I .Mi( h . ill! j)rii\ •Hunt <>t . .
Si. I.:l^^ nil) <• Kn ft . N . \ . «>hoal 1" t \v i«n Si-i-
t« r I-lainIs .iml Cio.-, (.\ ti' Lii^lit in. iiii-
pi ii\ fill' III "it
Si . I.rMii.iiil till!.. Mil .. < xaniin.it iuii of . .
St. I.oii;^ r.,i\ .iinl ,i'l i.K'iiit w.itri-i. Minn.
,iimI W 1^. »^J.il>li-»hiiniit itt li:ttl><>i lin< s in
>*t . I.o'ii'^ r..i\ W'i^.. an<l I'mni <iii J.a« Minn..
.St. Louis ki\t r 1h i\v»iii (ira.s.sy Toiut in.
• •v.iniiiiat ion atnl '■m\i\ of
St . I.ouM l'..i\ . W ix.. iiii;»vo\ rnit nt of
St lamis H.ii l»oi-. Mo., iiiipi i>\ <ni«nt of
St. Louis I{i\»r. Minn, ami \\'i>.. 'Im t u eeii
Fond <iii Lar aiitl I !ra^s\ I'oint. (Xamina
t ion an<l siii \ « v of
St. NLirt ins\ i!I. L.i.aml Port i'..»rr«. Uayoii
Tf<'h'' Ixt u < ( n. txaininat ion of . .
St. NLir\ s I'.ills ( anal di \ ilot k. Mi. li
St.Mar\s I'.jIU < ati.il. Nfi'li. oi rnpancv of
and injni lis to |inldit u oiks, etc., at
.S(. Mar\ s I a I Is r.m.jk M ii h., ojniat in:^ and
(ail' ot
St. M.ir\ s Ki\ (I , Mi«h..nay Lake ( li.niuel.
iiniirovtMicnl <>!
.St. Nl ar\ )« lCi\ ri. Mi( h iinproN t nil lit of . . .
St. I'aiil. Minn . liiid^ir of « ity of. aeioss
Mississipjii Li\(r
St. rani. .Minn uaniriiii^' Missis, ipj.j Ki\cr
at or iii'.ir
Salani.uidi I is. lio. iii» i i i tnio\ al of w r«rk of .
S.alriM H.n !>iir, M i-^ impi o\ « int-it oj
S.ih III. .>Liss.. North i:i\ii at. rv.iiiiinat ion
"t
S.ili>*l»in y. >Li-,-, . luidi:"- arros.s Tonvow
Li\ • r .if . . .
,Salk;<]iat«Jiie i:i\< r. S. C, inipruvemcnt of..
Parti.
28
28
396
396
<099
889
81
351
268
18
195
188
235
356
358
432
363
361
274
19
271
2.'>5
14.'>
185
195
VS2
AAA
A.<\
508
509
859
425
Partn.
ni rt rv.
PartV.
Pa
570
18 426
:;i7
;ii2
•JtiU
:ji7
Aid
346
:^47
:;4.^
4:{o
■_»::{
ir.',
As
0?,7 !
46 068
427
178
2102
1685
1671
1630
1012
2784
2787
2820
2801
2218
220S>
2214
2U50
2062
1278
1612
1060
1165
2702
2705
oo*>o
1277
2515
249:»
2109
1852
2758
2724
27.%
2712
2214
1482
30
INDEX.
SXJDJECT.
Samaraish, Lake, "Wash., ship canal to ci>n-
neot Paget Suund with, exaniiiiation for..
San Diego Harbor, Cal., improvement of . . .
San Diogo Harbor, Cal., occupancy of levee
at.
San Francisco Harbor, Cal.. and adjacent
waters, establishment of Iiarbor lines in . .
San Francisco Harbor, Cal., and adjacent
wators, survey of
San Francisco Iiarbor, Cal., construction of
casemates at . i
San Francisco Harbor, Cal., defense of
San Joaquin River, Cal.. improvement of . . .
San Joaquin River, Cal., investigation of
mining-<i6bri8 question
San Joaquin River, Cal., mouth of, survey of.
San Luis ObisiK) Harbor, Cal., improvement
Page.
Part I. Part II. Part III.! Part IV.I Part V. Part TI
412
392
of.
San Pablo Baj, Cal., survey of
San Pedro, AV ilraington Harbor, Cal., estab-
lislmient of harbor lines at
San Rafael River, Cal., examination ot
San Simeon Bay, Cal., examination of
iSand Beach, Lake Huron, Mich., harbor of
refuge at
Sandusky City Harbor, Ohio,im])rovenient of.
Sandusky River, Ohio, improvement of
Sandy Bay, Capo Ann, Mass., harbor of re-
fuge at
Sanford and Jacksonville, Fla., St. Johns
River between, examination of
Santa Cruz, Cal., harbor of refuge at, exami-
nation of
Santee River, S. C, improvement of
Sapelo and Dobojr, Ga., inside route be-
tween, examination and survey of
Saranac River, N. Y., inner bay near mouth
of, at Plattsbnrg, examination of
Sarasota Bay, Fla., improvement of
Saratoga Passage, AVash., and I*a<lilla Bay,
water way tlu*oiig]i Swinomish Slough
connecting, examination and survey of
Saugatuck Harbor, Mich., improvement of .
Saugatuck River, Conn., examination of
Saugerties Harbor, N. Y., improvement of.
Savannah, Ga., andFernnndina, Fla., inside
route between, examinaticm and survey of.
Savannah River and Harbor, (Ja., improve-
ment of
Savannah Ilivcr and Harbor, (Ja.. removal
of wrecks in
Savaiinali Kiver, Ga.. bt'low An^usta, brid;;*^
obHtrnctiii^
Savannah Kivcr, (la., inij)r(iV('nH'nt of
Savannali IJivcr, nt'ar Si.-it«r Fcrrv, Kltinu-
liani Comity, (ia., bri«l;:in;i
Sayvillr, N. Y., Ilrowns Crock at, inji»ro\f-
mcnt of
Schuylkill KIa or, Pa., iiiiitrovcnuiit ol"
Scitualo Harbor, Ma.ss.. inii>rov«in('nt of. . . .
Sea 'walls and onjbanknu'nts at Davids antl
Gov<Tnors islands, >i'('\v York lIarlM»r ....
Seattle and Nortlurn IJailroad Coniitany.
bridge (d', obstructing; Swinomish Slouuh.
AVash
Seattle, "Wash., brid^in;; Duwanush Jvivcr
near
Sebewain;r. Mich., Scbcwain;; IJivcr ludow,
exam ination of
Srhcwainj; Ilivcr, Mich., below Scbcwain;;,
cxaminat ion of
Seven Devils mining district, Idaho, and
Hnntiiiiiton I'ridjie, I'jjpcr Snake Ilivcr
]>e{wcen. cxaminat i(tn and survey of
Sevi<'r\ illc. 'I'cnn.. Little I'iucon ili\cr he-
low, examination of
Shark Hi\ er, N. J., cxaminatioji of
Shaw Cove. New Loiulon Harbor, Conn.,
examination (d"
Sh(d)oy;;an fl.irhor, \\'is.. im|.iovcmcnt of .
SheepsJiead liay. N. Y., im]»i'ov«Miienl of
Sherman, (Jen. W. T. (s( hooner>, removal of
wreck of
18
426
389
0
5
394
8
399
389
391
389
18
393
393
426
353
366
366
36
632
195
393
173
185
388
191
411
342
80
82
840
879
185
179
184
43.1
18U
4-J9
70
112
4'{
h2M
f) 1> .vji ,v.
i'Mi
dry!
:j(;2
411
1458
lOCtf
1651
1491
1C02
1519
2300
294S
2M7
2981
2990
2047
2955
2947
2076
2963
2971
2776
2837
2840
29CS
2938
2CC0
3973
loc:)
•jcoi
2S'J1
'J.^.')
lis
I'j'.-j
7*» X\V,\
:v2:\
Do
1
i)82
Hi
1000
i:2G7
25^J
IKDEX.
Subject.
Ship canal cnnnectin/; Lakes Union, Wash-
inzton, and Samaniish Mritli Puget Soand,
• VTaah., examination for
Ship channel l)etween Port Townsend Bay
and Oak Bay, Pogot Sound, Wash., exam-
ination for
Ship channel in connecting watem of the
Great Laken between Chicago, Dnlnth,
and Buffalo, examination of
Ship channel in Galveston Bay, Tex., im-
provement of
Ship Island Uurbor, Mius., removal of
wreck in
Shoal between Sister IslandH nnd Crorfs-
over Light, St. Lawrence lliver, N. Y.,
improvement of
Shoal Harbor and Compton Cn^ck, X. J., im-
provement of
Shoalwater Bay, Wash., oxaiiiinatjon of
Shreveiwrt, La., and Jefl'orHon, Tex., Cy-
press Bayou and the lakes bt^twi^en, siir-
vey of
Slirewsbnry Ki\ er, N. J., iranrovement of. . .
Sioux City, Iowa, and Fort Bentun. Mont..
Mi.sfcoufi Uiver between, examination and
survev of
Sioux Oity, Iowa, an«l Great Falls, Mont.,
Missouri River lK«t ween, improvement of.
Sister Ferry, Ga., bridging Savannah Kiver
near •
Si!*ter Islands and Cross over liijrht. N. Y.,
slioal in St. Lawnnce Kiver between, im-
])rovement of
Sites for fortitications
Siuslaw Kiver. Oregon, improvement of . . . .
Sltn'iit Baj, WukIj., luid I'udilla Bay, wattT
way tliron^h Swinomish Slougli conneet-
inj:. examination and survey of
Skn^'it Kiver, Wash., exanunat ion of
Sk:i;;it Ki\er. Wash., iiuprovcnunt of
Skaiiiokawa IJivrr. U'asli.. examination of . .
Sladtsvillf, N. ('., to I'lin^o Kiver, water
\\ av from, cxauiinat ion of
Smitli (nt'k. Md.. rxaminatiou of
Smitlilaml IIarl»or. Ky., examination of
Smyrna lCi\ <r. Del.. iinproN »'iinnt of
."^imina Ki\ti-. l>il . i<Mn«>\ .il of' \\ iim k in
Sti.ikf Ivi\ t I I r|.|)t ! ). M.ilio. lirt \\ It n Hunt
iiii:tuii I'.iiil::f anil S« \ i n I)rvil.s mining
<l!>t; ii f . txati: iii.it i< "11 .in<l snr\ •■> <>t
Sn.ikc l;i\rr. \\.i>li.. nil j>i ii\ (iiicnt of
Sn<>l;.,iiii>!i Ki\i f. W ,isli . t\amin.it ion of
Snoliuiuisli l^i\t I. W .i-^li , ini]>i"<i\ cnunt of
SiiMii iialuiii' Knir. \\',<»li., iiii|»i o\ i iin nf of
Sojii'lii. ( i.i . ( >■ ' S.IJK 1(1 ;
Soii'i I'.rn'l. \\ .i^li . Slio,il\vat< r Kay and
\\'ill.i|iali I^i\i I' at, I \,iniination and Mir-
\ > \ nt - . .
.^ii;:li i'.o.Mul l^nln'.id roiiiiian\. Iii'id;^*' of
Tin. ;u I M^-, S i\ :i nn ill Ki\ ci'. ( ia
Soiiiii I>.ikuf.i. n«>rt!i liiii- iif. and month of
1'.;^ M<>ii\ lCi\i r Mi^^oiiri Iln < I In-f \vc«-n,
< A.iiiiin.ii ion .md >ii:\ fN nf
Si'ii:!i Idi K ol < iiml" T lainl Ki\<i', Ky., im-
|ii I'N I Ml' n t <>l
><>iili II,i\<n l!.;il'iif. Mull., imjuox nni'nt
PartL
412
400
302
232
228
383
105
409
243
lOG
277
275
429
38.1
5
402
411
410
4UH
4Ji)
170
140
•JS3
IJI
411
41<i
4 1 IS
4 S
41 »9
420
.'>•■. t'l r.i-- <'t M i^-:->i|>iti Ki\ < T, iii-.j»c(tion
! 1 n 1 1 ' ! o •, I 1 III I , t 1 ' t
'"I'i;!! Ki\ii N -I i!ii](ro\ I III! nt of
>)"ilv.ii,<- .iiiil l'.il>Mi-i Kailw.iy <'i<m]i.in\
II' iii_i' I't. .11 1 •i>-i ( '!• II \\ ati I Ki\ « :•, lilalHi
."^]" .; t >\ ill.-. 1\\.. liiiii^i- o'u-.t iiirt iir^ ( i It i n
i:;\ . I- .It . '
S|i:i\'.n l)iiy. il Cii. K. N. V.. hiid-i- oh-
^' ! ■ h ' 1 Ij ^
S| i.m Ki\. ! N..I. < S. . M.iiia>4i|iian l;i\tr.)
> ^ l':i k iiii; < ■ ^( I MM.: 11 I I. I , iiii>\al of \\ ii«k
..t
>■•'""''■'"' II. .it'll!'. < niiii., fx.tuiiiiat ion .md
-Mr\ I \ lit
i>laniJi':vl ilaihor. <'onn.. imprux «-mt nl of...
Partn.
Pa
10 221
Ki:;
4:!l
4:4
4:.'.
02 7:;2
K> 848
72 705 I
1001
100:
1900
1837
V.
PartV.
Part VI.
i
32G0
■
2810
2922
3200
2021
2242
2232
1418
12S2
1162
1-2U1
2289
2242
2286
1805
OTD
2922
3173
3271
3378
3285
.T21U .
3271
;i2.'MS
3238
3200
2700
32
INDEX.
Subject.
Parti.
Part II.
Starve Goat Inland, R. I., channel between,
and mainland, m Namigansott Bay, ex-
amination of
Staten Island and New Jersey, channel be-
tween, improvement of
Staten Island, N. Y., Princess Bay, exnmi-
nation of
Staunton River, Va., improvement of
Steele Bayou, Miss., improvement of
Steilaquamish River, Wash., improvement
of.
...!
Stoninf^n, -Conn., harbor of refafi:e at
Stony Creek River, at Stony Creek, Conn.,
examination of
Strait of Karquines, Cal., survey of.
Stnbbs Ferrv, Mont., canyon next below,
and Great Falls, Missouri River between,
examination and survey of
Sturgeon Bay Canal, Wis., harbor of refuge
at entrance of
Sncarnochee River, Ala^ examination of
Sudduth Bluff, Tex., and Sabine Lake, Sa-
bine River between, examination of.
Suisuu Bay. Cal., survey of
Sullivan Falls, Hancock 'County, Me., exam-
ination of *.
Sumpawanns Inlet, N. Y., improvement of.
Superior Bay and adjacent waters, Minn,
and Wis., establishment of harbor lines in.
Superior Bay, Wis., improvement of
Superior, Lake, purchase of canals connect-
ing Portage Lake, Mich., with
Superior, Wis., Allouez Bay and Nemadji
River at, examintition of . .*
Sui)orior, Wis., Minnesota Point at, im-
provement of
Supervision of the harbor of Xow York
Survey of northern and northwestern lakes.
Surveys and examinations
Surveys, examinations, and contingencies
of nvers and harbors, estimates tor
Surveys inmilitar>' departments, estimates
for
Susquehanna River above and below Ha>'ro
de Grace, Md., improvement of
Susquehanna River above Havre de Grace.
Md., examination and siirvry of
Susquehanna River, West Branch of. Pa.,
examination of
Suwaiice RivtT. Fla., inii)rovcmont of
Swan Island, Oregon. Willainctt*' Rivrr on
west side of, cxantination of
Swanshoroand New Kiv«'r, X. C, \vat«'r way
hetwren. inijiiovcni<»nt of ". .
'Swinoniisli Sloufjh, Wash., briii^ic obstruct-
ing'
Swinoniish 8lougli, Wash., examination and
Hurvt'v of
Sylvia de Grasse (Hliij)), removal of wreck of.
T.
Tacoma, Olynipia and Grays Harbor Rail-
roa<lComi>any. bridges of, across Ciiehalis
and .Johns rivers, Wash
Tallalmt<]it'»« River, !Mi«s.. inijirovement of.
Tallapoosa Kiver. Ala., impnivenient of
Tampa liay. Kla.. improvement of
Tantrii'r HarlM)r. A'a.. exan)inalion of
Tar River. X. C. imi)rov«inent of
Tauntcm Itiver, Mass.. injpntvenient of
Taylorsville, Ohio, bridge obstnictin'^ Mms-
kin^^um River at
Tchcfnncte Itiver, La. {See Cliefiuictc
River.)
Tchula Lake, Miss., improvement of . . .
Teclie, Rayon, La., between St. Martinsv
and I'ort Harre, examinalion of
Teche. Bayon. La., improvement of
Teijn<'ssee River:
JJrid;;e at Florenro, Ala., obstructing
Jniprovement of
62 733
98
107
153
2U
408
60 728
79 831
389
278
321
221
230
389
33 619
94
18 426
312
17
316
313
422
445
17
421
450
124
132
118
194
420
162
433
411
420
■ille
4.30
244
206
192
131
157
5:{ 707
434
244
2:^0
220
405
27tJ
986
1013
1328
978
1181
1102
Page.
Partni. Part IV.
1800
1063
1376
1207
i:>47
2005
2536
2515
2495
2512
2499
1741
1655
1852
1828
2003
2001
PartV.
Part Vr.
8238
2047
2047
3303
3927
3373
3373
2253
.™.„^
p«g».
Put I.
r«in.
Pan in
Purtrv
PmT.
putn.
TeDBMMH Rl^ I.-T— CDDllDllsd.
1T8
M7*
229
XM
U
4»
lit
348
KM
ZM
MB
lOBT
1«1S
soil
IMS
Imnrovaneut uf, bdow B« Tim Shonli,
Tilii..uldftMof B«TTMSho«l., ilm-
t™ B"'.riiI::a™Kj™»*iiiVb
eximlnMlon for oonn-^Ilou l«tw«n
l^'^".^»'f:ig~bg^-
•Du- Simtb Bvond rrflltmil Compuiy. bridge
"" "'•iE.sijEsrfi'""" "■
TIiDniugl.rilv ft^™ Tniw Mnv to Greil Boy
DiirtliofAtLuiIliCKy. K.J., eumlDuUoD
TiiunJ^r P.J UarlM-T. Ml. Ii , :u.j.rDvoHi™t
?"' ■■■■ :::rx
■1.;:, ■■•, „.,',.,;.. ;' ,. !-. i,.:.;
2M
,.:,
IMl
mo
iCS,. 1 . .•,-.
■Mb.
■r...il:-.--.
"!1
17T1I
S7I1
ESM
^
3137
,■,':,!:■:,:;;,':■:,:,::. '"■"■■'
K!:iB
■.m
S'.^
T::.'''y',\' ';:.■■■■;;:::■■■:":'.„,;;,„:
I
11)i.<
not
■I'i, 1- .-. ; , i 1 ., |,„l,«
"^^;;:^;.;;;^^?r':;^::::_."..:.:r:^^^;'
m
MT
34
IKDEX.
Sub,h:ct.
Page.
I'art 1. : Part 1 1. iPart 111. Part IV. Part V. Ti
Turn water, Wasli., Olympia ITarbor to, ex-
aniinatioii ami survey of «11
Turner Credc. M<1., cxainiuation ami sJir-
vey ol* 132
Tnsral<>i»sa ami Panicle rrc«'k, Ala., llLu-k
Wjirrior liivi-r bt'lwrfu, iiiipnivi'imnt nl". . 21.')
Twolliver.s H;irbor, Wis., iniiirovi-mfiU ol. . \i'S2
V.
402
Umpqna Piivcr. Oropon, improvemoiit of
t7nion, Lako, Wash., Miip canal to cuniiiM't '
Puget Sounil willi, exainimition for 412
United States Enj^iuecr Sclwiol
Upper Bridge
across MononK
'"p*-""--^- ■■*■
Ct»mpaTiv,
irahela iCiv
bridj^o
or, Pa
of The.
ITppcr Columbia Iliver, Oregon and Wash.,
improvement of
ITpi»er Falls, La., bridging Ked liivcr at
ljpi>or^rncbo<loc Creek, Va., examination of.
Unpor Mississimii liivi-r, ojierating Miag
uuats and drcugo boats (»n
Upper Suake Jtiver, Idaho, between Hunt-
ington IJridge ami Stiv«»n J)evils mining
di.strict. examination ami .survey of
Urbana Crielx. Va.. imi>rovemeiit of
Us4' of luiblie wiirk.-* by coriM»ralioii8 or indi-
viduals '.
V.
Vachcrio, La., etc., and Lakcde.s Allemandft,
bayous Ch<-\ renil and Tigro between
Talli'tto Dry Dock, removal of wreck of
Van Burcn'^Io., Current Kivcr below, ex-
amination of
Vancouver, Wnsb.. and mouth of Willa-
mette liiver. Oregim, Columbia River be-
tween, examination ami survey of
Vancouver, Wash., bridging* C<dumbia
lliver near
Vcjrmillion, Bavou, bay and passes, La., ex-
aminat ion o^
Vermillion Uarbor, Ohio, improvement of. . .
Vidal, Bayou, La., improvement of
Vienna, Ala., and Fulton, Mis.<<., Toiubig-
boe River between, improvement of
Vienna, Ala., Tombigbee River bidow, im-
provement of
Vmcennes, Ind., Wabash River above, im-
provement of
Vincenne«, Tnd., Wabash River below, im-
jirovement of
Vmeyar.l ilaven JIarbor, Mass., improve-
ment of
Volusia Bar, Fla., improvement of
229
2.{I
257
421
429
230
368
242
213
214
297
297
1S7
"W.
W.ibash River, Tnd. and 111., abov*; Vin- ■
ceiines. im])rovem«'nt ol" 297
Waba.sh Rivi-r, Ind. and 111., Indow Vin-
cenues. Jm])rovenn'nt of 297
Wabash River. Ind. and III., improvement of. 297
Waba.sh Itiver, Ind.. iM-twecn IVrre. JIaule
and Lafayette, examination of 298
Waccamaw Ri\er, to Waccamaw Lake, N. ■
('. and S. C, imi)iovemi'nt of 170
Wa«'0, Tex., lirazo.s Ri\er below, examina-
tion of 2:J5
"Walker Bridsre and I'ult«)n. Miss.. Tumbig-
liee River bet ween, improvenu-nt of 21. T
AVappinirer (^reek. X. V.. im]U-ovrmeiit tif. . . S4
Wa]i]H>o Cut. S. C, imitmvcmenr of 170
VTiii' majis, estimates lor piibiii-ation of 4'h)
Wareham Harbor. ^Sla-is.. imiirovement of.. .Vi
"Warrior River. Ala., iuijirovement of "12
"Warsaw, 111.. Mississippi Riv»«r at, examina-
tii»n (»f 2'IJ
"Warwifk IJi\iT. M«l.. «\.:Miiii:itii>ii and sur-
A-e\ of 132
"Washin-ton Ai[ii> ihii :. i.i.unl* nauee and ;
repair of i 430
530
15
432
405
4H0
146
264
411
142
19 43G
1211
128G
1268
1781
2543
31<»
1841
1809
8210
S137
roo :
1855
1780
1781
1627
2003
U9S
2817
SM7
2I0Q
1412
fif^O
roi
14
1 1
2407
2402
2402
2111
1770
1776
1218
2134
tNDGX.
35
Subject.
Wafihingtoii Bayou, Miss., improvement of. .
Washington, D. C. :
Construction of casemates at
Defense of
Examination and survey of Potomac
River below
Improvement and care of public build-
ings and grounds
Improvement of Potomac Kiver at
Increasing water supply of
Maintenance and repair of Washington
Aqueduct
Maintenance of Washington Monument
Water supply of
Washington Harbor, Pamlico River, N. C,
Pago.
Parti.
examination of.
Washington, Lake, Wash., ship canal to
connect Puget Sound with, examination
for
Washington Monument, Washington, 1). C,
maintenance of
Watch Hill Cove, Little Narru;;ansett Bay,
R. I., examination of
Water gauges on Columbia River, Oregon
and w ash
Water gauges on Mississippi River and its
principal tributaries
Water gauges on Mississippi River at or
near St. Paul, Minn
Water suppiv, District of Columbia
Water supply of Washington, D. C, in-
creasing
Wateree River, S. C, between Camden and
Falls of the Catawba, and bend about 4
mUes below Camden, examination of
Wateree River, S. C, improvement of
Waterville to Augusta, Me., Kennebec River
from, examination and survey of
Water ways :
Between Beaufort Harbor and New
River, N. C., improvement of
Between Cape May and Great Bay north
of Atlantic City, N. J., examination of.
Between Chinco'tcaguo Bay, Va., and
Delaware Bay, at or near Lowes, Del.,
improvement of
Between Dobov and Sapelo, Ga., ex-
amination and survey of
Between Jamaica Bay and Long Beach
Inlet, N. Y., examination and survey of
Between Jefferson, Tex., and Shreveport^
La., and Cypress Bavon, survey of. . .
Between Lynn Haven Bay and Eastern
Branch of Elizabeth River, Va., ex-
amination of
Between New Berne and Beaufort, N.
C, imnrovement of : . . . *
Between New River and Swansboro, N.
C, improvement of
Between Norfollc Harbor, Va., and Al-
bemarle Sound, N. C, improvement of
Between Pamlico River and Bay River,
N. C, examination of
Between Port Townsend Bay and Oak
Bay, Puget Sound, Wash., examina-
tion for
Between Pungo River and Sladeeville,
N. C, examination of ,
Between Savanuah, Ga., and Feman-
dina, Fla., examination and survey of.
Connecting Lakes Union, Washington,
and Samamish with Puget Sound,
AVash., examination for
In connecting waters of the Great
Lakes, between Chicago, Duluth, and
Buffalo, examination of
Near Coaster Harbor Island, R. I.,
improvement of
Wankegan Harbor, 111., improvement of
Welllieet Harbor, Ma.s8., improvemenrof. . .
West Bay. West Galveston Bay, Tex.,
Ohannel tiirough, examination and survey
«f.
2U
6
5
146
444
133
442
4.36
444
441
170
412
444
63 735
419
24G
273
441
442
Part II.
179
174
33
1C2
118
123
185
'94
248
153
100
162
151
170
409
170
185
412
362
57 718
327
44 663
1246
1429
Part III.
Part IV.' Part V. Pnrt VI.
2005
1487
1462
1372
1097
1168
1310
1363
1376
1302
1421
1418
C007
3904
3875
3907
3897
8907
3372
2014
2214
2021
8897
8004^
8260
2568
2810
36
INDEX.
Subject.
West Galveston Bay, Tex., from Cbrigtians
Point, for reopening channel through
West Bay, examination and survey of
West Liberty, Ky., and Farmer, Licking
River between, improvement of
West Nock River, Va^^ examination of
"West Point, Ga., and Franklin, Ala., Chat-
tahoochee River betweeUjexamination of.
Westchester Creek, K. Y., examination
and 8ur\'ey of
Western branch of Elizabeth River, Ya.,
examination of.
Weston, Mo., Missouri River at, examina-
tion of
Westport Harbor,' Mass., improvement of ..
Wetumpkiv, Ala.. Alabama River up to, ex-
amination of
Wetumpka, Ala., and East Tennessee, Yir-
sinia and Georg^ia Railroad bridge, Coosa
River between, improvement of
Weybosset (schooner), removal of wreck of.
Weymouth Back River, Mass., examination
and survey of
Weymouth River, Mass., improvement of . .
Wmte Oak River, N. C, between Roberts
Landing and Collins Crossing, examina-
tion of
White River, Ark., improvement of
White River, Ark. (Lower) , examination and
survey of
White River Harbor, Mich., improvement of.
Wldte River, Ind., improvement of
Whitehonse, Josiah (schooner), removal of
wreck of
Wicomico (Great) River, Ya., examination of.
Wicomico River, Md., improvement of
Wicomico River, Newport Creek at head of,
Md., examination of
Willamette River, Oregon :
Examination and survey of, at CHaoka-
mas Rapids, Ross Island, and Cor-
vallis
Examination and survey of, below Port-
land
Examination and survey of Columbia
River between Yancouver, Wash.,
. and mouth of
Examination of, on west side of Swan
Island
Improvement of, above Portland
Improvement of, below Portland
Willapali River, Wash., below Woodward
Landing, examination and survey of
Willets Point, N. Y., post of
Willow River, Wis., near Hudson, examina-
tion of
Willow Slough, HI., reopening
WilLsboro, N.Y., BoquetKivef below, exam-
ination of
Wilmington Harbor, Cal., establishment of
harbor lines at San Pedro
Wilmington Harlwr, Cal., improvement of . .
Wilmington Harbor, Del.,, improvement of . .
Wilmington Harbor, Del., sui-vey for im-
provement of
Wilmington, K. C, Cai>e Fear River above,
improvement of
Wilmington, K. C. Cape Fear River at and
below, improvement of
Wilson Cre^k, Va., and Greenbrier River,
W. Va., New Itivor between mouths of,
improvement of
Wilson Harbor N. Y.. improvement of
Wilson Point Harbor. Conn., improvement of.
Winlield, Kichard M., et af., bridge of, in
Barnstable, Mass
Winona and Southwe8t<'m Railway Com-
pany, biidu'e of, across Mississippi River
at Winona, Minn
Winona. :^Iinn., biidge of city of, across
Missi.s.^JTipi River
Winona, Minn., bridging Mississippi River
Pasre.
At.
Part I.
235
306
153
211
94 954
153
275
52 706
211
208
61 731
47 682
42 655
170
252
257
339
298
61 732
140
128
146
421
421
421
420
417
416
409
15 537
274
388
18 426
391
119
120
165
166
302
376
71 789
431
427
431
427 431 I
Partll. iPartm.
Part lY. Part Y.
1324
1307
1434
1288
1193
1281
1136
1138
1390
1394
1756
1761
1748
2462
2229
2048
2409
2218
2124
2430
2687
3373
3368
33G2
3266
2940
2976
2950
PartYI.
2891
•^■-
VintliTan H.iibor, Ubh.
vrintliTanlj
frixioiuii
iDBiblB River Utinw', eu^wtitm foi
'VoTkB, ocvnnineiraf uir] Injury
to eprparatiansiirtiMlivliliul*.
■Wreck*, niin.v.1 of
Id jRukBon Crtwk. Cbmler Bl
Jn KsvOrlmiu Harbor, Ln...
iBNevYork llnrligr.y. Y ...
In Ugfltclipd lU vvr. Ga
b Shir t*l*ui! Hurl.
b Srayrn* Klirr. 1>fi
t hat. ChialEttan
tSKS
opiiTillft Oliin briilcrolmtnicthiirraniil ipf