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1^;*..
THE
S A T I RES
H OR J C E.
In Latin and English.
WITH
Critical Notes colleded from the bcft
Latin and French C o m m e ntators.
Primum ego me ilUrum^ diderim quibus ejfe ppetis^
Exarpam numero ; mqtu enim concludire verfum
'Dixeris ejfefatis'^ Sat. 4. L. i.
BytheReV^Mr.PHILip^FRANCIS,
Reftor of Skeyton in Norfolk.
VOL. III.
THE FOURTH EDITION,
Htvi/ed and CorreSed.
LONDON:
Printed for A* M i L l a R, at Buchanan*r Head^
Qplpofite to Katharine^Streety in the Strands
M.DCC.L.
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:
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^ Horatii Placet
S A T I R iE.
THE
SATIRES
O F
HORACE.
VOL. ni.
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( 2 )
S A T I R A R U M
L I B E R P R I M U S.
S A T. I. ^<jf M uE C E N A T E M.
QU I fit, Maecenas, ut nemo, quam fibi fortem,
Seu Batio dederit» fjni Fors (^jecerit, ilia
Copt^ntus vivat ; laqdet diverfa fequentes I
Horace addrdTes this firfl Satire to Maecenas^ as he hath infcribed
to him the firft of his Odes, Bpo^fs and Epiftks : at leaft they
have been handed down to us is this Form^ and may be conlidered
as Dedications of the difFerent Parts of our Poet*8 Works. Incon-
fhmcy and Avarice are here treated of with fo much Art and Ad»
drefs (as indeed are all the Subje£ls of his Satires) that if his Odes
liave i^ven our Author t^e Character of fhe firft |na great^ Lyric
Poet, we majr be bold to iay^ that ms EpifUes an4 Satires {H4II
make him ever efteeroed as a^hilofopher mferior only to Socrates.
It ha^ been long acknowledged, that Philofophy is the Daughter of
Poetry j but fhe was carried off, when very young, and concealed
under various Difguifes. At laft (he hath found her re^l Parents,
the Poets, and Horace hath been tl\e firft to raife her from Obfcu-
rity. Dacwr.
Vcrf. I. %/// ] T^ <?pndi|ft pf ^lankind is a perfe^ Riddle.
Always difcontented with their prefent Situation, and fond of
changing it for any other ; yet put it into their Power to changt,
and they certainly refufe, what they fo ardently defired. What
Words can define an Animal of this Charader ! Sanaoon.
a. Stu
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{ 3 )
THE FIRST
BOOK
O F THE
SATIRES oi HORACE.
S AT. h 7i9 M ifi C E N A S.
WHENCE is it. Sir, that none contented lives
With the fair Lot, which prudent Reafon gives.
Or Chance prefents, yet all with Envy view
The Schemes, that others varioufly purfue ?
^r Broken
2. Sem ratio deJerhA The Choice of Wor4s in this Expreffioa
is worth obferving. The Gifts of Reafon are alwtyt Talntfble, be-
caufe they are beftowed with Judgment and Difcemment. Ratio
dai» But Fortune, incapable oi* diftinguiihing, blindly tlmnrt hts
FaYoois round her. Fort ohjidt,
Periia]M the Poet intended to balance between the Principles of
the Stoics, who believed, that all Events of Life were dire£led
hj the Reafon and Order of Providence j and the Opinion of the
Epicureans, who imagined that the World was wholly governed by
Fortune, V«tu« Inteeprxs.
3. Laudet dknrta fifutmi\ Horace hadi been reproached for
€ontradi£Hng, in this Satirp^ what he faid in the firft Ode. But he
there fpeaks of the Faflions, which^dire^ Mankind in their Pur«
fuits of Happinefs j here he treats of the diftcrmt Profeflions in
which they are en^ged. Da c .
B a 4. Gravis
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4 Qj^HoRATii Flacci Satirahum Lib. i.
O fortohad mercatores I gravis armis
•Miles ait, multo jam fra£lus membra labore. 5
Contra mercator, navim jadantibus Auftris,
Militia eft potior. Qdid enim ? concurritur : kolas
Momento cita mors venit, aut vidoria laeta.
Agricolam laudat juris legumque peritus,
8ub gaUi cantum eonfultor ubi oJlia pulfati 10
Ille» datis vadibus qui rure extradtus in urbem ell.
Solos Felices viventes clamat in urbe.
Caetera de genere hoc (adeo funt multa) loquacem
Delailkre valent Fabium. Ne te morer, audi
Quo rem deducam. Si quia Deus, en ego, dicat 1 5
Jam faciajn quod vultis ; eris tu, qui modo miles,
Mercator : tu confultus modo, rufticus : hinc vos,
Vos hinc, mutatis difcedite partibus ; Eia,
Quid! ftatis? Nolint. Atqui licet effe beatis.
Quid caufa eft, merito quin illis Jupiter ambas 20
Iratus buccas inflet, neque fe fore pofthac
Tarn facilem dicat, votis ut praebeat aurem ?
PrsB-
4. Gravis armisJ] We fhall acknovrlidge the NeceiTity of this
Correftion (propofed by a Perfon, who has concealed his Name) if
vre confider, that Soldiers, beyond fix or feven and forty Years of
Age, were difcharged from the Service in the Time of Auguftus.
indeed it would be difficult to find an older Man, capable of carry-
ing that almofl incredible Weight of Arms and Baggage, which a
Roman Soldier was obliged to bear. Befides, if thefe Complaints
were caufed by the Soldier's Age, they muft probably continue for
his Life 5 but in the other Examples, cited by the Poet, they arifc
only from fome light occafional Difguft. The Merchant envies the
Soldier, only while the Tempefk continues 5 as the Lawyer, when
his Clients difhirb his Ref^, would exchange his Condition for that
of the Ruftic, who envies not the Citizen, but when he is fum-
moncd to Town. What, beyond all Doubt, confirms the Neceffity
of this Correftion, is, that when the Poet afks, why they do not
accept this Offer of JupUer, they anfwer, they were determined to
.bear the Dangert and Fati^es of their Profefiiions, that they might
gain an eafy Competence for their «ld Age* Sines ut in otia tuta
nscidtnt* ^
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Sat. I. The Satires of Horace. ;
Broken with Toils, with ponderous Anns oppreft.
The Soldier thinks the Merchant folely bleft.
In oppofite Extreme j when Tcmpefts rife.
War is a better Choice, the Merchant cries ;
The Battle joins, and in a Moment's Flight,
Death, or a joyful Conqueft, ends the Fight.
When early Clients thunder at his Gate,
The Barrifter applauds the RufUc's Fate.
While, by Subpoenas drag'd from home, the ClowB
Thinks the fupremely happy dwell in Town.
But every various Inilance to repeat
Would tire even Fabius, of inceffant Prate.
Not to be tedious, mark the moral Aim
Of thefe Examples — Should fome God proclaim,
*' Your Prayers are heard ; You, Soldier, to yonr Seas ;
** You, Lawyer, take that envied Ruftic's Eafe :
" Each to his feveral Part — What ! Haf not move
" Even to the Blifs you wifh'd !" And fhall not Jove,
With Cheeks enflam'd, and angry Brow, forfwcar
His weak Indulgence to their future Prayer ?
But
• 7. Hora memento f S^c] This Merchant, according to the ufua^
Manner of thofe who envy anotfaer^s Profeflion, looks only on the
favourable Side. A Battle ieems to have no other Confeqnences
attending it, but immediate Death, or glorious Vi£h)ry. Indeed
War has a thoufand Accidents far worfe than Death. Da c.
14. Defajfare Fahmm,'] The ancient Commentator infomns us,,
that Fabius had followed (he Party of Pompey, and had written
feveral Books in Defence of the Stoic Philolophy, with which
he had probably full often teized our Epicurean Poet.
19. Licet ejje beatis,] The direft and regular Conftru^HoB le-
quires ^atos. Yet this Manner of Expreflion has a beautiful
Effe£^ in Poetry, and is frequently ufed by our Author,
dederim quibus effe poetis.
Medioerihus effe poetis.
Non homines, non D7, non coneiffere eolumna*
ar. Iratus buccas tnJletA Mr. Spence, in his Polymetis, imagine9>
oar Poet had fome ridiculous Statue of Japiter in his View, from ^
which he draws this whimfical Figure* But perhaps he laughs at
B 3 foine
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6 Q^HofcATii FLiicci Satirarum Lib, i.
Pratereo ; nc fie, ut qui jocularia, ridens
Pcrcurram : quanquam ridentcm dicerc verttm
Quid vetat ? Ut pueris dim <iant aruftula blandi 25
Doi^ores, elementa vclint ut difcere prima.
Sed tamen amoto quaeramus feria luda.
lUe gravem duro tcrram qui vcrtit aratro,
Perfidus hie eaupo, miles, nautseque per omnc
^udaces marc qui currunt, hae mente laborem 30
Sefe ferre, fcncs ut in otia tuta reeedant,
Aiunt, quum fibi fint congefta cibaria :
Avar.
fom^ poetical Defcription of the Ood drawn by hia Colcmpofarics,
fodr as when carta mive tonffttit jt^t.
»3. Prtetireo,] Mr. Sanadon has here taken a Corraftion from
the Perfon, who propofed that of the fourth Line, which hath
fomewhat too cuiiotts not to deferve being mentioned. He readi
frgeegreo, and explains the whole Paflage thus.
The Poet warmly aiks, why Jupiter does not determine never to
be fo indulgent to their Prayers again ? It were natural to expei^r,
either that Horace /hould make Jupiter anfwer, or (hould himfeli
anfwer for him to this Interrogation. But he ftops fliort, prateret^
ne Jie, ut qui jocularia, ridens percurr am, I pafs over tee Reafin
in Silence, for the Subje£i it too ferious for jefting. Thus he infi-
nuates, that the Gods are fo intereftcd, that the fmalleft Prefents
(fuch as Matters give to their Scholars) can difarm their Anger.
He does not mdced fpeak in plain Terms, but leads his Readers to»
make the Comparifon themfclves.
There is really (ovn& Difficulty in the common Reading. It it
hard to fay, to whzt pratereo refers, or how to nKike it agree with
fed tamen ifl the twcnty-feventh Verfe, However, we may receive
the Corrcftion of the Text, yet not be obliged to alter the ufual
Manner of underftanding the Remainder of the Sentence.
a6: Elementa prima.'] Letters of the Alpbahet. Quintilian re-
commends to us the Example of Philip, who would not fuffer any
other than Ariftotle to teach Alexander to read. Of fo much CwL
fequcnce to their future Education is the firft opening; and formimt
tbc Mouths of Children. Os putrorum itiftitutre. Ariftotle was
probably of this Opinion, when he accepted fuch an Employment.
.1, U . ^'^A^^O This Line is of a Stile more elevated than
^Jl %!l i?''"t .^'?\.'*'a ^^ Time to Time, thefe Heroic
Verfes, to enhvcn his Subjea, and awake his Rilkder^s Atten-
"^^ Dac.
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Sit, I. Tnt SATiitia of Horacy« 7
Bat not to treat my Sutaj^ as in jefl»
(Yet may not Trutk in laughing Gviife be dreft ?
As Makers fondly fbotfi their B677 to read'
With Cakes and Sweetmeats) let us now proceed :
With grivcf Air our (efious Theme purfo^
And yet prcferve our Momi fail in view.
Wha tortis the SinF, and o'er die Plowfliarc bends 1
He who adulterates the Laws and Tends ;
The Sol£er, and di* Adventurers of the Main,
Profefk th^ir various Labours diey faftam,
A decent Comp^ence for Age t6 laife.
And theii retire td Indblence atid Eafe.
Mitia.
19. Psrfidui hie catt^.} It is a Utift extriordinary. that none of
tlte Oonunentators have taken notice of the new Chan^ter intro»
ducetf here ihffcaH of the l*awyer, who ift mentioned twice before,
aiha who fbonld bavt bttif rtff^lf' rettxtehered with the othet
ASlors in this Scene. . The Pronoun bie feems to point at a Perfon,
whom the Poet" already had in his "V^ew, in oppofition to ifle. Ho*
race often mentions the Law, attd its Profcflors, with Epithets of
Perfidy and Conning. Perhaps the ferfdui eatfo was intended to
defcribe a Lawyer, who fells by Retail, and adulterates the Law, to
his Clients, as Vintners daih their Wints. Ennius fays of Military
VSfftiiert, cdUfmtfim ^ffuwi, mii^eiHg^muwi, an Etpifeffion ta-
ieli ftbtJi'thtf Grt!^, *«r»X«Mi» A»«X"'« nawnXivtit tipimtY. moi^
wJ»\8o««» T*V //««*«. Tirtrr«^«* jit««iiX«(^i»« St. Paul to the Co-
rfnrtfliid; wrtrttXf i^ol^M rh Xhyw rS Bti* A^ut^wrutiaf^ th$ Word *
f God* The Author of Hodlbwis of an Attorney,
Hlg^t WH^kntif, brtd to dalh and draw^
Not Wine, but more unwholefome Law.
A Critical Letter to Dr. Hare, ^kh the Tranflitor never faw
ufttil thtlS Tooted were written, veiy'jnftly takes notice of the
new Cbaraaer in the Perfon of this Vintner, but relieves the Diffi-
culty by a* plfeafattt Manlier of altering: thfe Text. The Letters'
fidut bte eaa, fdys our ingenious Critic, hdng tranfpofed, give us the
y^ot^eamJSdieus t for J ind f ^tc frequently miftaken in the Ma-
nuf<^riptt for eacfi other, 2^ the Letter b is often th*oii« into the
MSaaie of a Wort by the bloiidering' of Cojjyiift; A Mamset <w
B 4 Cxi.
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$ Q^^HoRATii F^ACCI Satirarvm Lib. iV
AVAR«
Sicut
Parvula (nam exemplo eft) magni formica laboris
Ore trahit quodcunque poteft, atque addit accrvo
'Quern flruit,. haud ignara ac non incauta futuri j 35
HORAT.
Quse, £mul inverfum contiiflat Aquarius amium>
Non ufquam prorepit, Sc illis utitur ante
Quaeiitis fapiens 5 quum te neque fervidus aeftus
Denio\reat lucro, neque hyems, ignis, mare, ferrum.
Nil obftet tibi, dum ne fit te ditior alter. 49
Quid juvat immenfum te argenti pondus & auri
Furtim defofsa timidum deponere terra ?
Avar.
Qjod, fi comminuas, vilem redigatur ad affem.
HoRAT.
At ni id fit, quid habet pulchri conftruAus acervus ?
Millia frumenti tua triverit area centum ; 45
Non tmis hoc capiat venter plus ac meus : ut fi
Reticulum panis venales inter onufto
Forte vehas humero, nihild plus accipias quam
Qui
Criticifm not unlike that of Lord Peter, who not being able to find
. the Word Sboulder-knot in the Will totidim fyllabis, was determinM
to find it totidem Uteris. But Mr. Markland, by this fortuitous
Concourfe of Letters, feems only to have intended a Sacrifice to the
God of Laughter, Dio Rtfui facra faan, according to his own
Expreffion.
35. Haud igHara, C^eA Virgil calls an Ant, hyemis memorem.
It is not only fenCble of the Change of the Seafons, and Approach
of Winter, but of the Wane of the Moon, and therefore works
s^ll Night when the Moon is at full.
Horace here anfwers the IViercbant, who fays, he imitates the
Wifdom of the Ant. The Poet allows the Example to be good,
but by no means an Objedl of the Merchant*s Imitation, fince it
wifely enjoys in Winter the Stores which^it had laboured to raife in
SumiTicr Dac«
4j. ^od Ji coTrminuas.] The Change of the Speakers gives to
the Mifer his proper Lan^uage^ and prelTes him with this Dilemma $
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Sot. t. The Sat mis op Hoilaci.^ ^
MiSBR.
For thas the little Ant (to haman Lore-
No mean Example) forms her frugal Store^
Gathered, with mighty Toils, on every fide.
Nor ignorant, nor carelefs to provide
For future Want — — w
Horace.
■ Yet when the Stars appear^
That darkly fadden the declining Year,
No more (he comes abroad, but wifely lives
On the fair Store, induftrious Summer gives.
For thee, nor Summer's Heat, nor Winter's Cold^
Fire, Sea, nor Sword, flop thy Purfuit of Gold ;
Nothing can break th' adventurous, bold Defign,
So none pofieis a larger Sum than thine.
But, prithee, whence the Pleafure, thus by ftealth
Deep in the Earth to hide thy Weight of Wealth I
MUSR.
One Farthing leflen'd,. you the Mafs reduce*
Horace.
And if not lcffen*d, whence can rife its Ulc ?
What though a thoufand Acres yield thee Grain ?
No more than mine thy Stomach can contain.
The Slave, who bears the Load of Bread, fliall eat
No more than he, who never felt the Weight.
Or
If you touch your ^eafurt, you redutt it to Notbiug ; and if you do
'" " ' But he I '
tmt^ it is ftrfialy ufeUjt» But he hath more Pain io being obliged
to rpend a little of his Wealth, than he hath Pleafure in the Re-
siaiader.
45. Mxllia frumentiJ] Centum mtllia modiorum\ or m'/i^tf/Iike
other Noons of Number, may be an Adjedive, and, to form the
Grammatical Confbu£tion, we may read centum miilia negotia mo»
Horum. . Dac. Saik,
46. Hot Mint Plu$ at «Mi.] Ex hoc JrumtMh The Altera-
' ^ ^ B 5 *i®**
,y Google
lo (^Hjohatit Fl^cci Sjitlharum Libr i.
Qui nil portarit. Vel die, qiad refcrat, intra
Naturas fines viveotis^ jugera centum, an. jo
Mille aret ?—
Avar.
— — At fuavc eft de magno tolkte acervo.
HoRA^T.
Dam ex pairo nobis tantumdem haurire relinquas.
Cur tua plus laudes cumeris granaria noiirls ?
Ut, tibi a fit opus liquidi non ampli^s urni,
Vel cyatho, ac dicas : magno de fiumine malim ^5
Quam ex hoc fonticulo tantumdem fumere. £0 fit*
Plenior ut fi qoos deledet copia juflo.
Cum ripa fimul avulfos ferat Aufidus acer.
' At qui tantali eget, quantum efb opus, is neqne limo
Turbatam haurit aquam^ nee vitam amittit in undis.
At bona pars hominum decepta cupidine falfo, 61
Nil fiitis eil, inquit; quia tasti, quantum habeas, fis.
Quid
tions in this L?ne from the common Reading, capiet plus ^am
tfuut, are of Manufcript AuAority,
49 ^ttam-^ui nV portarh,'\ The ancient 'RomaAs, in Imita-
tion of the Wifdom ' and Modeftyofthe Greeks, had ufually one
Slave to carry their Luggage, when they went into the Coun-
try. Efchines reproached Donofthenes for having two Slaves to
attend him in an EmbaiFay, as if it weie luxurious and effeminate.
50. yi'vtntis.'\ Living within the BmnJt vobicb Naturt bag
marked ftr bit Creature Man, This Correftion, inftead of v/-
wff/ was propofed by Mr. Cuningham, and has been received
by Mr SanadoD The Latin Syuttx will not bear any other Man-
ner of fpca' jng» *
54. Ut tibi Ji Jit opas Vt^ldi,'] This Comparifon rifes from the
Verb haurire. Nothing, fays Mr. Dacier, can more open our Uh-
dcrftanding, or better diredt us in ^bnmag a Jodgnent of the An-
tients, than obi^ing what gitts Rife to their Thougjbts and Ez*-
preffions.
61. i)eeepta eupidine falfo."} After Horace hath proved, by un-
aufweraibU ArgumefttSj that'Rkhe^ eaoept >ve xtk them, haveno^
thing
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Sat. f . Tht SATim Of Hoiacb. h
Or iky, VifbaJt DilTerence, if we live confined
Within the Bonndsy by Natare's Laws affign'd.
Whether a thoa&nd Acres of Demaiaey
Or one poor hundred^ jsield fuffident Grain f
Miser.
Oh f but 'tis fweet to take ftom larger Hoanb,
HOKACS.
Vet, if my little Heap as much aflbfds.
Why fhall yoUr Granaries be valued more
Than my fmall Hampiers with' their frupl Stove ?
You want a Caik of Water, or would fill
An ample Goblet ; Whence the fixiward Will
To chnfe a mighty River's rapid Courfe,
Before this little Foantaiii*s lenient Source }
But mark his Fate/ infatiate who defires
Deeper to drink, thto Nature's Thirft requires j
With its torn Faihks the Torrent bears away
Th' intemperate Wretch ; whie he, who would allay
With healthy Draughts his Thirft, (hall drink fecurc,
Fearlefs of Death, and quaff his Water pure.
Some, felf-deceiv'd, who think their Luft of Gold
Is but a Love of Fame, this Nfaxim hold.
No Fortune's large enough, fince others rate
Oiir Worth proportion'd to a large Eftate.
Say,
tMtigSralaaMe, heaMSM, or agrecaMe ; he iidw prcverfts an Objec-
tion, which' a Mifet mighft' poflibly make, that this Love of Mo-
zfeyironly aDeii^of ReptttitioDyiince we are always valued in
proportion to our Wealth. This Obje£^ion might have feme Weight,
ni a Love of public Efteemhas' Virtue in it But the Mifer
hiftly difgiiifes his Avarice under the Name of a more innocent
PaffioB^ and vrilftiUy ouftakea Dteept* cupidme falfo D a c.
6^.- ^f« tantif quantum babeat fit,'] This Judgment, a£ ab-
furd as it is univerfal, was unhappily authorised by the Laws of
Rome, to whjch Pliny aicribes the firft Weakjwfs of her State.
B6 IndKd,
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.1=2 Q^ HoratiiFlacci Satirarum Lib. i.
Quid facias illi ? Jubeas miferam effe, libenter
Qa;fctenus id facit : ut quidam memoratur Athehis
Sordidus ac dives, populi contemnere voces 65
Sic folitus : Populus me fibilat ; at mlhi plaudo
Ipfe domi, fimul ac nummos contempldr in area,
Tantalus a labris fitiens fiigientia captat
Flumina Quid! rides? Mutato nomine, de te
Fabula narratur. Congeftis undique faccis 70
Indormis inhians, Sc tanquam parcere facris
Cogerisy aat pi^lis tanquam gaudere tabellis.
Nelcis quo valeat nummus ? quem praebeat ufum ?
Panis ematur, olus, vini fextarius ; adde
Queis humana fibi doleat natura negatis. 75
An vigilare metu exanimem, nodefque diefque
Formidare malos fures, incendia, fervos,
Ne te compilent fugientes ; hoc juvat ? Hprum
Semper' ego optarim pauperrimus effe bonorum,
Avar.
At fi condoluit tentatum frigore corpus, . 80
Aut alius ledlo cafus te adfixit ; habes qui /
Adfideat, fomenta paref, medicum roget, ut te
Sufcit^t, ac natis reddat carifque propinquis.
HoRAT.
Indeed, what Juilice could be «xpe£ted from Perfoas chofen to de*
termine the Lives and Properties of their Fellow-Citizens, not for
their Underftanding or Integrity, but becaufe they were poiTelTed of
fuch a certain Sum of Money ?
69. ^id! rides,'^ The Mifer laughs, imagining that Horace had
no more Arguments to fopport his Caufe, fince he throws himfelf
into a Tale-telling Strain, But he- is foon convinced of his MIftake,-
Dac.
%%. At
,y Google
Sat. I. The Satiiies op Horace. ' ij
Say, for their Cure what Arts woald you employ ?
Let them be wretched, and their Choice enjoy.
At Athens liv'd a Wight, in Days of Yore,
Though miferably rich, yet fond of more*
But of intrepid Spirit to defpife
Th' abuiive Croud. Let them hifs on, he cries.
While, in my own Opinion fully bleft,
I count my Money, and enjoy my Cheft. ^
Burning with Thirft, when Tantalus would qaalF
The flying Waters — Wherefore do you laugh ?
Change but the Name, of thee the Tale is told.
With open Mouth when dozing o'er your Gold ;
On every Side the numerous Bags are pilM,
Whofe hallow'd Stores muft never be defil'd
To human Ufe ; while you tranfported gaze.
As if, like Piftures, they were form'd to pleafe*
Would you the real Ufe of Riches know ?
Bread, Herbs and Wine are all they can beftow.
Or add, what Nature's deepeil: Wants fupplies ;
Thefe, and no more thy Mafs of Money buys.
But, with continual Watching almoft dead,
Houfe-breaking Thieves, and midnight Fires to dread.
Or the fufpe£led Slave's untimely Flight
With the dear Pelf; if this be thy Delight,
Be it my Fate, fo Heaven in Bounty pleafe,
StUl to be poor of Bleflings fuch as thefe.
Miser.
If, by a Cold fome painful Illnefs bred,
Or other Chance confine you to your Bed,
Your Wealth fhall purchafe fome good-natur'd Friend
Your Cordials to prepare, your Couch attend.
And urge the Doftor to preferve your Life,
And give yoa to your Children and your Wife.
2 ' Horace.
Digitized by LjOQQ IC
,. Q^H0RATnFtACC.SATI»A»CM Lik t .'
* HORAT.
Non uxor falvum tc v«lt. «<>" ««'« ' T*" g_
Vicini odcrunt, noti. puen. atq«c puelte. 85
Miraris, quum t« argento poft omma pmm.
TZ^^ pr«ftet quern non mereans amoron ?
At Tco^tos, nullo. Natura, labore,
^os tibi dat, retinere vdis fervarcquc anuco..
lifdix operam pcrdas ; ut ft q«.s afeUum 9*
T J. aoceat wrentem currere fiwnw.
Ut metiretur nummos, ita fordidus ut ft
Son ulquam fervo meliu, vcftiret, ad ufque
^ri-ret. metuebat: at bunc liberta fecon ^
Dh^t medium, fortiffima Tyndariarum. 100
Avar.
Quid ml igitur fuades ? ut vivam Maimius ? ac fie,
Ut Nomcntanus? HoRat.
«s >#. if r«,«^Mf 1 Thls1*affagcj fays Mr.Dacier, ha* mort
88. -^f ^ fflgntf/w.J ™»"r%\r^' if ^g vmderftand it, that
Difficulty than appears at ftrit S>igM. **,/';, „ ^ . ^ ' ^
Nature gives us Rdations without Trouble, the ^J^^^^^ *^*^^^^
unworthi of cur Author: ^^ ^^^f^^ > a^Me^iTwd
Commentator, nulJo tuo lahi>re, it hath liar^y »«y ^c«n^, «d
is not even I^tin The Punauation >a.iU a^ft us t<>/^i«;' «^/^^^
Perpl«5ity and Confufion in the Words. They may be then cafUy
nmle^^r Ji cognate,, yuos Natura tiki dat, fUt^tf* Wh mm
lahore,
100. Fortimtna ryndariarum.} The Daughters of Tyndaius,
Rd<*n and Clytenmcftra, who kiiied their Huibaftds, Daphobus
and Agamemnon. The Copyifts boag:^'^ »» the Woxd 9>»A»^«f^,
a Name by which Caftorand PoBui are frequently called, have here
miftalcen the MafcuUne foir the Femiiiifte Gcndet, writiBg" the
"Word ^ynAtridanm, CuNlii«»AM. Saii*
101. Ut
Google
Sat. I. Thb Satires op Horace. ij
Horace.
Thy Wife and Children with Impatience wait
Thy dying Breath. With univerfal Hate
Thy Neighbours, Friends, Acquaintance, all purfue thee.
And untaught Infants even with Horrour view thee.
What wonder, that they juftly prove unkind.
When all thy Paffions- are to Gold con£n*d >
Nature, ^tis true, in each\Relation gave
A Friend fincere ; yet what you thus receive.
If you imagine, with an alien Heart,
And carelefs Manners to preferve, your Art
As well may teach an Afs to fcour the Plain,
And bend obedient to the forming Rein.
Yet fomewhere ftiould your Views of Lucre ceafe.
Nor ftiould your Fears of Poverty increafe.
As does your Wealth ; for fince you now poiTefs
Your utmoft Wifh, your Labour fiiould be lefs.
Ummidiuft once (the Tale is quickly told)
So wond'rous rich he meafured out his Gold,
Yet never dreft him better than a Slave,
Afraid of llarving ere he reached his Grave :
But a bold Wench, of right Virago Strain,
Cleft with an Axe the wretched Wight in twain.
Miser.
By your Advice what Party ftiall I tak^ ?
Like Maenitts live a Prodigal, and Rake
Like Nomejntanus ? — ^
Hora<3e.
loi. Uf vitfam M^mtii, «c Jte^ ut N^MMtanut,! We have
the Hiftory of Maenius at length in the fifteenth Bpiftle of the firft
B66k. Lucilius informs hb, that he fold hU Houie In the Forum,
referving only a Balcony to fee the public Games* Mteniut colum*
nam, cttm exciperet. The Name of this Nomentaniah (fo call^'
from N6xnent«m> the Tbwa vdicrc he vras born) was Lucina
Digitized by LjOOQ IC
l6 Q^ HoRATii Flacci Satxrarum Lib. r.
HORAT.
■ Pergis pugnantia fecum
Frontibus adverfis componcre. Non ego, avarum
Quum veto te fieri, vappam jubeo ac nebulonem.
Eft inter Tanain quiddam focerumque Vifelli. 105
Eft modus in rebus ; funt certi denique fines,
Quos ultra, citraquc hequit ccmfifterc redum.
lUuc, unde abii, redeo. Nemon* ut avarus
Se probet, ac potius laudet diverfa fequentes ?
Qjodque aliena capella gerat diftentius uber, hq
Tabefcat ? neque fe meliori pauperiorum
Turbae comparct ? hunc atque hunc fuperare laboret T
Sic feftinanti femper locupletior obftat :
Ut qiihm carceribus miftbs rapit ungula currus ;
Inftat equis auriga fuos vincentibus, ilium 1 1 ^
Pneteritum temnens extremos inter euntem.
Inde
Pfrgis pugnantia feeum,'] The Mifer hitherto jufUfies his Ava-
rice in the beft Manner he can, but it does not appear, that he hathr
yet paft in Pra£lice from one Excefs to the other. How then can
Horace reproach him with fuch a ContradidHon in his Charafler ?
Certainly the Poet does not mean it. Pergis fugnantia fecum
frontibus adfotrfii compwertf muft be underftood, pergig te defin*
dert componendo pugnantia frontibus ad'verjis. The Mifer, by con-
tinuing to defend himfelf, runs into an Extreme dire^y oppofite to
that, which he is advifed to leave. San^
105. ^inain^ focerumpn Vifellt.'] Thefc Pcrfons are wholly un-
known to us, nor does it appear, whether the Poet fets them in op-
pofition for their moral Vices, or their perfonal Deformities. The
ancient Commentator indeed informs us, that Tanais was a Freed-
man of Mzcenas, and that the Father-in-law of Vifellius had a
Hupture. But we know not whence he got their Hiftory, and -
therefore cannot depend on it.
loS. lUuCy unde ahii, redeo,"] Mr. Sanadon, not unjuftly, blames
our Poet for this Digrefiion from his Subjed $ . for indeed, fuch
Wanderings arc more allowable in Lyric Poetry, than in. Poems of
ferious and moral kind.
Neman* ut avarus fe probet,"] Horace now returns to his Subjeft,,
TNThich he left in the twenty-third Line. The Mifer thinks him-
iclf the moft miferable of Mankind^ yet there is equal Wietched-
sieVi
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Sat. I. The Satires op Hoeacb. 17
Horace.
— Why will you pretend.
With fuch Extremes, your Vices to defend ?
The fordid Mifer when I juftly blame,
I would not have you prodigal of Fame,
Scoundrel or Rake ; for fure fome Difference lies
Between the very Fool, and very Wife ;
Some certain Mean in all Things may be found.
To mark our Virtues, and our Vices bound.
But to return from whence we have digreft.
And is the Mifer, then, alone unblcft ?
Does he alone applaud his Neighbour's Fate,
Or pine with Envy of his happier State ?
To Crouds beneath him never turn his Eye,
Where in Diftrefs the Sons of Virtue lie.
But, to odtfpeed the Wealthy, bend his Force,
As if they ftop'd his own impetuous Courfe ?
Thus, from the Goal when fwift the Chariot flic?.
The Charioteer the bending Lafh applies.
To overtake the foremoft on the Plain,
But looks on all behind him with Difdain.
From
Befs in all Profdiions, and Conditions of Life. Thus the Poet
would convince us, that Mankind are generally as unhappy by their
Inconftancy, as their Avarice, which is the vrry Point he was
obliged to, prove. We may remark, with how much Art he re-
turns from his Digreffion. Prehart yjr, and laudare jSr, arc fynoni-
mous Words to exprefs. He thinks bimfelf happy,
III. Meliori turha'] This Reading was recovered from an an-
cient Manufcript \9y Mr. Cuningham, and is received into the Text
by Mr. Sanadon. It adds a new Thought to the Sentence, and the
ufual Epithet, majori, is expreft in the Word turha. To look do\^n
to Crouds of valuable People in Diftrefs, would be a wife Method of
making us emoy our own Conditions of Life with Satisfaction. Yet
Mankind, who were born to be happy, too frequently view their
prefent Circumftances in that Point of Light alone, which renders
them moft difagreeable.
^ 1 14. Ut f«wfli forcerihit,'] This Cemparifon equally ihews the
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iB Q^HoRATfr Flacci SaTirakum Lib. i.
Inde.fit, ut raro, qui fe vixiiFe teatum
Dicaty & exaAo contentus tempore, vita
Cedat uti conviva fatur, reperire queamus.
Jam fatis eft : ne me Crifpini fcrinia lippi 120
CompilaiTe pates, verbum non amplius addam.
Folly and Ambition of Xiinkind. In the Chariot-race the I^rise
was given only to the forcmoft j bat Happincft is not given to the'
firft in our '. urfuit of Riches. The Poet, apprehenfive that £q'
lon^ a Difpute might grow tedious to his Readers, ends it with this,
beautiful Comparifon, which he hatb eoSivened by the Language of
the Sublime. Would to Heaven, fays Mr. Ddickr, that Writers of
our Times could imitate this Addrefs.
1 1 8. Pita etdat, uti coMviva fttun"] There are few People, fays
Epicurus, who do not go out of Life, as if they were juft come in-
to it { from whence their iaves^ ais Lucretius expiti^es'it^ art aiwatys^
S A r. 11. JdMmci&vjATjtM.
Mbubai A RUM collegia, pharmacopolae,
Mendici, mimse $ baktrories hoc genus Oiftrie
M'aftmrf
Oaf Poet looked upon Adultery with fo much Horror, that in
the Odes he calls it the Source from whence all the Misfortunes,
which affllfted Italy, arofe. The lecond^ Exceft, which Hbr»e'<r
blames in this Satire, i* the Vice -df frequenting jWbfic Stews, and"
the" Folly of being ruined by converfing with common Women.
Thus far he may defcrvfc our Praife, and the Satire may be not
mulieful to the prcfent Agit. But While he would direA us in i^*
virtuous Medium between thefe two- Extremes, he unhappily falls'
into Grimes, which we ought to be aihamed to name. He juftly
becomes an Obje£l of his own Satire, and a Proof, that'Fools (they-
who fuffer themfelvfes to be governed by irregular Paffions) whikf
Uiey avoid one Excefs, conftahtly run into anoUieir. Sach evfer has*
Been human Nature, fince it loft its original Purity, When left' tor
the Guidance of Natural Religions For whatever our prefqit Race
of young Philofophers may think ; however perfect Natuifal Rel^^
l^oii may'appear in Theory, it never has been able, in Practice, to
preferve its wifeft Votaries from Vices moft abo^uaabli^ and a Man*'
DerofReafonmg mo&'udammu
With
,y Google
Sat. f. Tub Satirbs of HoUAcr. 19
From hence, how few, like fated Guefts, depart
From Lyb^s fblf Banquet wkh a chearf ul Heart ?
But let me Hop, left you fuQ>ed I fble.
From blind Criipinus, this eternal Sorowl.
ifflperfea. Peiliapi oar Poet htA 'm View^ an EmeffiM 0^ ArU
fide, W€ flntuU gp mi (^ »''- '- " -' ^ "^
fuet, neither ttiffy mrj
fioie, H^€ fintuld ^ mt tf JJfe, at w« mgbt to rtfi from m Bjm»
ifto. Crifi^'ni Uppi,'] Crifpiintt was t blear-eyed, uhMrtinent
Scribler non oculanua rattMe, fid tmntit, fm the ScholSaft, wiixch-
Lord Rochefter feems to have tranflated, if^ho fpams m§rt in bit
Judgmem than bit Sight ; although Mr. Dacler thinks it unwor-
thy of Horaee. However^ it is not unpleaiant, to find ovr Poet'
apprehenfive of being fufpeded of pillagiiif poor Cri^aa> eipodalljr
alter the laft beautiAil Comparifon*
S A t. IL T& MAtewn Ai.
THE Tribes of MinHrels, ibroling Priefts and Playert,
Perfumers, and Buffoons, are all in Tears,
For,
With Preservatives of diis Kind againft the Poifon of the onefent-
Sathre it may be tranilated, and not without Advantage to the pre*
lint Age. Perhaps, as Mr. Dacier obfenres. we imprudently en-
dtevouT to conceal thefe dangerous Pafiages of ancient Authors from
the Eyes of Youth, who might better be permitted to fee them,
under tbeDtfe€Uon and Temper of thcb" Teachers. Is it not wait-
ing until' the Storm of the^ Paffions is raifed, which drives them
upon unknown Rocks, fo fatal to their Virtue j that might have
been pnid^tly pointed oot to them in the calmer Hours of Lift ?
Verf« r. Ambuhiiarum 1 W\-meH who played en the Flaie, It
is derived from a Syrian Word, for the Pft6p1e of that Country ufu-
aliy excelled oir this Inftnmient. FbarnuuopoU is a genenl Name
fbf aU who deal in spices, EfTetices, • and Perftimes. Tok .
a« Mendici, minut, balatrenesj] The Priefts of Ifis and Cybele
were Beggars by ProfcffioA, and und^r the Veil of Religion were of-
ttn guilty of the moft crhnirtal Exceffb. Mi»^a"wttt Players of
the naoft debauched and difiblute Kind ; and balatrones in g^eral
fignifies all Scoundrels, Boffioons and Parafites, who had their Name,
accenb-
,y Google
zo Q^HoRATir Flacci Satirarum Lib. !•.
Moeftum ac folicitum eft cantoris moite Tigelli j
Quippe benignus erat. Contra bic, ne prodigus effe
Dicatur, metucns, inopi dare nolit amico, 5
Frigus quo duramque famem depellere po£it.
Hunc fi perconteris, avi cur atque parentis
Praeclaram ingrata ftringat malus ingluvie rem.
Omnia condudis coemens obfonia nummis :
Sordidus, atque animi quod parvi nolit haberi, 10
Reipondet. Laudatur ab his, culpatur ab illis.
Fuiidius vappae famam timet ac nebulonis.
Dives agris, dives pofitis in foenore nummis :
Quinas hie capiti mercedes exfecat ; atque
Quanto perditior quifque eft, tanto acriiis urget : 1 5
Nomina fedatur, modo fumpta vefte virili
Sub patribus duris, tironum. "Maxime, quia non,
Jupiter, exclamat, iimul atque audivit ? At in fe
Fro quaeftu fumptum facit hie. Vix credere poiEs
Quam
according to the old Commentator, from Servilius Balatro. Bahm
trones hoc genus omne, for omtte hoc balatronum genus, is a remark-
able Sort of Conftru^on. Tor. Sax.
3. Tigdlt] Tigellius was merely formed for Diverfion : a Kind
of Creature always acceptable to the Great. Of elegant Tafte in
Mufic ; a lively Buffoon j a dexterous Flatterer, who had fuccef-
fivelybeen a Favourite to Julius Caefar, Cleopatra, and Auguftua.
Horace hath in three Lines made his Funeral Oration ; by telling
us he had ruined his Fortune among 'scoundrels of this Kintf, by
whom alone he was lamented, when he died. Comment San.
13. Di-ves agrisA Mr. Sanadon juftly fufpefts this Line, which:
more properly belongs to the Art of Poetry, and is here ufed with-
out any Neceffity : Nor is it the Cuftom of Horace to copy him-
felf, without changing his ExprelTion However, we have one
Ihftance in his Odes Mater fa-va CupidirtAm.
14. S^uinas hie capiti mercedes exfecat."] Caput is the Principal j
mercft the Intereft, and exfecare is to deduA the Intereft before the
Money
,y Google
Sat. 2. Thi Satires of Houacb. zt
For ah! Tigellius, fweeteft Songfter's dead.
And fare the Soul of Bounty with him fled.
Behold a Wretch, in oppofite Extreme,
So fearful of a Spendthrift*s odious Name,
He dare not even a fordid Pittance give -
To raife a worthy Friend, and bid him live.
Or afk another, why, in thanklefs Feafts ^
The Wealth of all his frugal Sires he waftes ;
Then the luxurious Treat profufe fuppUes
With borrow'd Sums ; becaufe I fcorn, he cries.
To be a Wretch of narrow Spirit deem*d ■■
By fome condenm'd, by others he*s efteemM.
Fuiidius, rich in Lands, and large Increafe
Of growing Ufury, dreads the foul Difgrace
To be called Rake ; and, ere the Money's lent.
He prudently deduds his Cent per Cent.
Then, as he finds the Borrower diftreil.
Cruel demands a higher Jntereft,
But lends profufely to th^ lavi/h Heir,
Whofe Guardians prove too frugally feverc.
All-powerful Jove, th' indignant Reader cries,
" But his Expences, with his Intome, rife.*'
No —
Money is lent. For Inftance, Fnfidius lent an hundred Poands,
and at the End of the vJontb the Borrower was to pay him an
hundred and five. Principal and Intereft. But he gives only ninety-
five Pounds, dedudiing his Intereil when he lends the Money,
which thus increafes in twenty Months equal to his Principad.
The tdws allowed an Ufury called U/uria ttntefima, which doubled
the capital Sum in an hundred Months, or eight Years and four
Months. ToK.
1 6. Nomina ftSaturJ^ Nmen fignifies a Debt, becaufe the Bos-
rower gave the Lender a Note of Acknowledgment for the Money,
figned with his N'ame. The Laws forbad lending Money to Mi-
•oit, or Perfons under die Age of five and twenty Years. Ca u <^
Digitized by LjOOQ IC
f« Qj^HoRATii Flaccx Sat^rarvm Lib. i.
Quam iibi i^OR fit amicus : ita at pater ille, Terenta £0
Fabula quenii xnifermn luito rtxiffe fugato
Inducit^ non ic pejus cf uciaverit atque kic.
Si quis nunc gusrat, quo res haec pertinet ? Blue :
Dum vitant ftulci vitia, in contraria curnint.
Malthinus X^nkls deoiifiis ambulat : eft 4}ui 25
Inguen ad obfccenum fubdu£ds ofque facetas.
Paftillos RufiUus okt^ Gargonius hircum :
Nil medium eft. Sunt qui nolint tetigifie, nifi illas^
Quarum fubfuta talos tegat inftita vefte :
Contra alius nullam^ niii olenti in fomice ftantem. 30
Quidam notue homo quum exiret fomice : Ma^e
Virtute efto, inquit fentenda dia Catonis.
Nam fimul ac venas inftavit tetra libido.
Hue juvenes equum eft defcendere, non alienas
Permolere uxores. Nolim laudaner, inquit^ 3;
Sic me, mirator cunni Cupiennius albi.
Audire eft opera pretium, procedere refte
Qui moechos non vultis, ut omni parte laborent ;
Utque illis multo corrupta dolore voluptas,
Atque h»c rara, cadat dura inter fsepe pcrida. 40
Hie
oo. Pater itle TerenttJ] Menedcffliis, aod his Son CUnias, in
tkt Sdf-TonneBtor of Temicc.
25. AUkbmul A Ward icnvti from /K^xOfluer, tffminatt.
The old Commentator informs us, that fome People imagmed, Ho.-
nux means his Patron Maecenas, whom Velleius defcribes Flowag
in Idlemft and Lumury haptid even n Woman* t Effeminacy % But it
is hardly poffible, that he fhoold thus uneratefuDy outrage a Man, -
from whom he had received the laft Obfigations, and for whom
he profdTes the tendereft Aflfeftion.
47. ^ufilht 0fet, Gargoniui Urcnrn,'} We know not who thcfc
Pcrfons were 5 but, whether becaufe they were People of Diftinc-
tion, or fupported by Men in Power, we find, this lane Was pub-
lickly refented.
gi. MaSe mrtutt e/fc,} We may here add what Cato faid to
this
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Sat. 2. Tub Sati««8 ct Horaci. 9)
Ho — -*— *tis amassing, that tlui Mmi «f Pdf
Hath yet fo litde Fiieii^xp for himfcif.
That even die Self-Tonnentor in tkt Play,
Cruel who drove kk moch-lov'd ^on away>
AmidH the wiOmg Toftuics of Deffair
Coold net with WretdiedncTs iike his con^aie*
Bat fay, at what this tedioiit Fuhcc aiau «-^
That Fools are ever vicioos in Extvemes.
The ib& Malthinus dcails a jlicngth of Train:
6ee that fhort &obe, how fishily ohicene I
RufiUns with Per&mes di&mEks your Head a
With his own Scents G^rgonias llrikes you dead.
That Youth, when wanton Wiflies fire his Vdna,
M bat a ^owuig-erminM Dame diidains ;
Pthers their h&r, cheaper Fleafiues chu&.
And take a wiiling Miftre6 from the Stvws.
When awful Cfttp iaw a naftd Sfaak
From ^ Nig)tf-CeUar ^e»ling in the dark,
" Well done» my Friend, if Love thy Bieafl enjSamt,
*< Indulge it hi^e, and fpare the miuriod Dame."
Be mine the filkep Vei], Cuplennius cri^
Smk yu^ Fsaife and Floifioe I Mpk.
All ye, who \|riih f^me ^e Mishap m^y wait
This homing Tribe, -attend >vjbuie i relate .
What Dangers 9nd Diiaftecs they fuftain.
How few their Pleafurcs, and how mix'd with Pain.
A
this nttus bmo^ ^ ?«4<M «f Diftindiom vihfUn he foond ht»
quently in the Stews. Toaag AU^m Icmmm^M jm for tmitg hi"
tbcr fometimet $ wot for lodging btrt.
\f, 4^re ejf €^4f frtti^mj Is a pUafi^t Parody of a ible^m
^■""fi in Ehniusj,
AtuUto oft opergt ^airnn, proctdtro rt&t
Slui Tim Rsmanam, Ltoiumfuo at^efc^-t nmkiti
AU
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C4 (^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
^ic fe praecipitem tedb dedit : ille flagellis
Ad mortem caefus : fugiens hie decidit acrem
Praedonum in turbam : dedit hip pro corpore niuximos :
Hunc perminxeruac calones : quin etiam illud
. Accidit, ut cuidSim teftes caudamque falacem , 45
Demeteret ferrum. Jure omnes : Galba negabat.
Tutior at quanto mierx eft in claiTe fecunda !
Libertinarum dico ; Salluftius in qua
Non minus infanit ; quam qui moschatur. At hie H,
Qua resy qua ratio fuaderet, quaque modefte 50
Munifico eife licet» vellc^ bonus atque benignus
EfTe, daret quantum fatis eiTet ; nee fibi damno
Dedecorique foret. Verum hoe fe ampleditur uno.
Hoc amaty hoc laudat : Matronam nuliam ego tango :
Ut quondam Marfacus amator Originis, ille 5$
Qui patrium mimas donat fundumque laremque :
Nil fuerit rui, inqult, cum uxoribus unquam alienis.
Verum eft cum mimis, eft cum meretridbus ; unde
Fama malum gravius, quam res^ trahit. An tibi abunde
Perfonam fatis eft, non illud, quidquid ubique 60
Officit, evitare ? Bonam deperdere famam.
Rem patris oblimare, malum eft libicunque. Quid inters
eft in matrona, ancilla, peeeefhe togata ?
Villius ix^ Faufta Sullae gener, hoe mifer uno
Nomine deceptus, poenas dedit ufque, fuperque 65
Quam
All ye, who wi(h to fee the Roman Name
And lAtium flouriih witli Increafe of Famej
May with Advantage he ^ ■
63. %aftf.] A Proftituti, Women of this Kind were obliged,
when they went abroad, to wear a Robe, called Toga. The Re-
fembknce of it to ihc Robe^ worn by Men, made it a Mark of
laftmy*
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Sat. 2. The Satires of Horace. z^^
A defpesatc Leap one lucklefs Caitiff tries ; ^
Torn by the flagrant Laih Another dies ;
Some are by JRobbers plundered iis. they fly ;
Others with Gold a wretched Safety buy.
^or feldom do they feel, with keener Smarts
Their Cuakold'rs Vengeance on th* oiFeoding Part.
Such various Woes purfue the(b Sons of Liift»
And all, but Galba, own the Sentence juft.
Far fafer they, who venture their Eitate,
And trade with Fefiaales of the fecond Rate.
** Yet Sallufl r^^s here with wild Deflres,
** As mad as l^ofe, which lawlefs Love infpires.'*
But had he been with leTs .profufion kind.
Had a»sftiiion Senfe his laviftL Hand confliv^d,
.*Me had not nowl^een wholly loA to Shame,
Jn Fonune maiEi*d, as undone in Fame.
But here's the Joy and Comfort of his Life,
To fwcar, he never touch'd his Neighbour's Wifo.
Thns, to an Adreis when with lavilh Hand
Marfasas^avehis Manflon-Houfe and Land,
•My Soul, 'thank Heaven, he cries, from Guilt is free ;
The wedded Dames are veftal Maids for me.
Adrefs or not, the Crime is ftill the fame.
Equal the Ruin of Eflate and Fame ;
Equal the Folly, whether in Purfuit
Qf 'Wife, or Slave, or loofe-rob'd Proftitute j
Unlefs you (mean, content to be niKloiie,
To hate the Perfon, not the Vice to fhun.
Of Sylla's wanton Daughter when poflaeft,
Villius- believ'd himfelf fupremely blcft :
To a Dilator thus to be ally'd,
Daalediiis Senfes, aad indulgM^is Pride;
Vol. III. C But
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^6 Qi^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
Quain fatis eft, pugnis caefus-, ferroque petitus,
Exclufus fore, quum Longarenus forct intus.
Huic fi, mutonis verbis mala tanta videntis,
Diceret hsec animus ? Quid vis tibi ? numquid ego a te
Magno prognatum depofco confule cumium 70
Vclatumque ftola, mea quum confcrbuit ira ?
Quid refponderet ? Magno patre nata puella eft.
At quanto meliora monet, pugnantiaque iftis
Dives opis Natura fuae ! Tu H modo rede
Difpenfare velis, ac non fugienda petendis 75
Immifcere; tuo vitio, rerumnc laborcs.
Nil referre putas f Qiiarc, ne pceniteat te.
Define matronas feftarier 5 unde laboris
Plus haurire mali eft, quim ex re deccrperc frtiflus.
Nee magis huic niveos inter viridefque lapillos 80
(Sit licet hoc, Cerinthe, tuum) tcnerum eft femur,
aut crus
Re6lius ; atque etiam melius prefaepe togatx eft.
Adde hue, quod mercem line fucis geftat, aperte
Quod venale habet oftendit ; nee, fi quid honefti eft,
Jadlat habetque palam i quaerit quo turpia celet. 85
Regibus hie mos eft ; ubi equos mercantur, apertos
Infpiciunt, ne, fi facies* (ut faepe) decora
MolU
67. ^um Longarenus firet w/w.] The Commentator tells us,
that Longarenus was Faufta's Hufliand, but he is probably mifta-
.u\ 11 r^ifS^^'/^""^ wretched Scoundrel Gallant, and it fets
the Folly of Vilhus in a ftronger Ridicule, who, for mere Vanitv
loved a Woman, that could be prodigal of her Favours to fuch a
worthleis Rival.
74. Di'uetj^U Natura fua.] Nature is fufficientlv rich in her
TJ:T: &' t^^^^^ ?!y 'T^- Wealth. tL Riches of
SkT On .K *' ^^^^y* Good-humour, and thefe are all flie
^the rU * *'??f"'T'' Namesof Diftinftionj Honours, Qua^itv!
;^« the Riches of Fortune, which Nature Hcvcr defircs? ' ^aT!
* 101, a/i
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Sat. s. Thb Satires of Horacb. zj
But fure, if Vanity were fairly rated,
Methinks, poor Villius was full hardly treated.
When buiFeted and llab'd the Coxcomb dies.
While in the Wanton's Arms a Scoundrel lies.
Suppofe^ his fecret Something had addreft
The lucklcfs Youth with all thefe Woes oppreft i
" Did I, when burning with my wildeft Fire,**
" Did I a Maid of Quality require ?*'
What could he anfwer to the poor Forlorn ?
" The jilting Quean, forfooth, was nobly born."
But Nature, rich in her own proper Wealth,
In Youth and Beauty, Chearfulnefs and Health,
In her Purfuit of Happinefs difclaims
The Pride of Titles and the Pomp of Names.
Be thine, her wife Oeconomy to learn.
And real, from afFedled Blifs, difcern.
Then, left Repentance punifh fuch a Life,
Never, ahf never kifs your ^Neighbour's Wife.
For fee, what thoufand Mifchiefs round you rife.
And, few the Pleafures, though you gain the Prize.
What though Cerinthus doats upon the Girl,
Who flames with Emerald green, or fnowy Pearl,
Is (he beyond a common Miftrefs bleft
With Leg more taper, or a fofter Breaft ?
Befldes, the public Nymph no Varniih knows.
But all her venal Beauties frankly (hows.
Nor boafts fome happier Charm with confcious Pride,
Nor drives a vile Deformity to hide.
When Ikilful Jockeys would a Courfer buy.
They ftrip him naked to the curious Eye j
For oft an eager Chapman is bctray'd
To buy a founder'd or a fpavin'd Jade,
Q.2 WKHe
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28 Qj^HoRATxx Flacci Sathiahum Lib. I.
Molli fulta pede eft, emtorem iRducathkutem,
Quod pulchrse clunes, brev^ quod capat, ardua cervix.
Hoc illi rede. Tu corporis optima Lyncei 9^
Contemplare oculis : Hypfaea caecior, ilk
Quae mala funt, fpe6ks. O crus f 6 brachia ! Verxm
Depygis, nafuta, brcvi latere, ac pede longo dl.
MatronsB praeter faciem nil cernere poflis,
Caetera, ni Catia eft, demifsa veft« tegcntis. 95
Si interdifta petes, vallo circumdau (nam te
Hoc facit infanum) multae tibi turn efficient res :
Cuftodes, kaica, ciniflones, parafitae.
Ad talos ftola demiffa, & circumdata.palla :
Plurima, quae invideant pure adparere tibi rem. lOO
Altera nil obftat : Cois tibi pene videre eft
Ut nudam ; ne crure malo, ne fit pede turpi,
Metiri poflis oculo latus. An tibi mavis
Infidias fieri, pretiumque avellier, ante
Quam mercem oftendi ? Lbforem vcnator, ut alta 10:5
In nive fisftetur, pofitum fie tangere nolit :
Cantat & apponit : Me us eft amor huic fimilis ; nam
Tranfvolat in medio pofita, & fugientia captat.
Hifcine verficulis fperas tibi poffe dblores,
Atque aeftus, curafque graves e peflore toUi ? no
Nonne
101. Cois tibi petti videre eft."] Thefe glaffy Robes tAtreas /•-
gas as Varro calls them, were invented by a Coan Woman, "whofe
Name was Pamphila j for, as Pliny obferves, we ihould not de-
fraud her of the Glory of finding this marvellous Secret of (hewing
Women naked in their CJbthet. They cannot fwear, fays Se-
neca, that they are not naked, vvhen they are dreft in this Man-
ner. Publius Syrus, with greater Boldnefs of Exprefilon, (ays,
Equum eft induere nupfam ventutn textilem T
Falam proftare nudam in nebula tinea f
A woven Wind fliall wedded Matrons -wear,
And naked in a Linnen Cloud appear ?
106. Cantat
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Sat. 2. Thb Satires of Horace. zg
Willie lia adtntP06>a> thm^ ll^Kt-flioulder*d Cli«ft»
A little Head» -broo^ Bftck, aad riitng Cre(k
Th' Exawpk's geod; then keep it in thy Mind;
Nor to the Fair-one*9 Faults be over-blind,
Nor gaze with idle Rapture on her Charms,
" €)i^ ? vjiuti^ 3 taper Leg f what ibowy Arms !**
For fhe may hide, whatever ihe vainly (hows.
Low Hips, fhort Waifl, fplay Feet, mid hideous Kofe.
All but her Face thq Matron'si Robe concealst
Catia alone tV Et caetera reveals.
But if you flill purfuq this, dangeiiou^ Game
(Perhaps, the Dangeps youi^Defires inilame}
What military Works around her rife f
M^s, Chairmen, PoQtmen, Flatterers, guard the Prizc«
The flowing Rpbe and clofely muffled Veil
With envious Folds the precious Thing conceal ;
But what from Nature's Commoners yqu buy.
Through the thin Robe ftaQds naked to your Eye ;
Or, if you will be cheated, pay the Fair,
With fooliih Fondnefs, ere fhe (hews her Ware.
As when a Sportfman through the fnowy Waftc
Purfues a Hare, which he difdains to tafle.
So (fings the Rake) my PaiHon can defpife
An eafy Prey, but follows when it flies.
Yet can a Song, or Simile remove
The Griefs and Tortures of unlawful Love ?
107. Cantat & appcnitj] Wc are obliged to the Learning of
Heiniius for an Expianation of this Paflage, which hath fufficiently
perplexed the Commentators. He hath happily found in Callima-
chu& the Song, to which the Poet alludes, and Part of which he
hath here tranhated.
C 3 Were
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50 Q;^H0RATII FlACCI ^ATIRARUM Lib. I .
Nonne cupidinibus ftatuat Natura modum qaem.
Quid latura^ iibi quid fit dolitura negatuni»
Quaerera plus prodctt, & inane abfcindere foldo ?
Num^ tibi quum fauce? urit iitis, aurea quseris
Pocula ? Num efuriens faflidis omnia prxter 1 1 ^
Pavonem rhombumque? Tument tibi quum inguina,
num fi
Ancilla^ aut verna eft pneilo puer, impetus in quern
Continuo fiat, malis tentigine rumpi ?
Non ego ; namque parabilem amo Venerem facilemque-
Illam : Foil paulo> fed pluris, ii exierit vir, 1 20
Gallis : hanc Philodemus ait iibi, quae neque magno
Stet pretio, neque cuxi^etur, quum eft jufTa venire.
Candida redlaque fit munda hadenus, ut neque longa.
Nee magis alba velit, quam det Natura, videri.
Hxc, ubi fuppofuit dextro corpus mihi Isevum, 125
Ilia 8c Egeria eft : do nomen quodlibet ilb*.
Nee vereor ne dum fntuo vir rure recurrat ;
Janua frangatur j latret canis ; undique magno
Pulfa domus ftrepitu refonet j ne pallida lefto
Defiliat mulier; miferam fe confcia clamet; 13#
Cruribus haec metuat, doti deprenfa, egomet mi.
Difcin£la tunica fugiendum eft, ac pede nudo ;
Ne nummi ^pereant, aut pyga, aut denique fama.
Pcprendi miferum eft : Fabio vel judice vincam.
Sat.
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Sat. 2. The Satires of Horace. 31
Were it not better Wifdom to inquire
How Nature bounds each impotent Deiire ;
What file with Eafe refigns, or wants with Pain,
And thus divide the Solid from the Vain ?
Say, fiiould your Jaws with Thirft feverely bum.
Would you a ckanly, earthen Pitcher fpum ?
Should Hunger on your gnawing Entrails feize.
Will Turbot only, or a Peacock plcafe ?
And will you, when a willing GirPs at hand.
With fwelling Veins deliberating ftand ?
No ■ be the yielding, ready Venus mine ;
To cooler Lovers I the Dame refign.
Who plays, the Coy -one, with a cold ** Anon,"
" A Guinea more i'* or ** when my Hu(band*s gone.'*
Give me the Nymph, who flies into my Arms,
And fets at eafy Rate her willing Charms ;
Let her be ftreight and fair ; nor wifh to have.
Or Height or Colour, Nature never gave :
Then, while with Joy I claip the pleafing Fair,
What mortal Goddefs can with mine compare I
No Terrours rife to interrupt my Joys,
No jealous Hufband, nor the fearful Noife
Of burtoig Doors, nor the loud, hideous Yelling
Of barking Dogs, that (hakes the Matron's Dwelling,
When the pale Wanton leaps from off her Bed,
The confcious Chamber-maid fcreams out her Dread
Of horrid Tortures ; loudly cries the Wife,
'** My Jointure's loft," 1 tremble for my Life ;
Unbuttoned, without Shoes, I fpeed away.
Left I in Fame, or Purfe, or Perfon pay.
To be furpris'd is, fure, a wretched Tale,
And for the Truth to Fabius 1 appeal.
C 4 Sat.
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32 Q^HoKATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
Sat. III.
OMnibus hoc vitium eft cantoribus, inter amicos
Ut nunquam inducant ammum cantare rogad ;
Injufli nunquam defiflant. Sardus habebat
lUe Tigellius hoc. Caefar, qui cogcre pofFet,
Si peteret per amicitiam patris atque foam, non 5
Quidquam proficeret. Si collibuiffety ab oro
Ufque ad mala iteraret : lo Bacche ; modo fVinnna;
Voce^ modd hac, refbnat qute chordis quatuor ima.
' The Morality of Zeno, among a Namber <^ excellcat Precepts,
had feme which reaJly diihonoured Virtue, by rendering it imprac-
ticable and ridiculous. One of their Dogmas averted aw XqwtKty f]^
Vices, and as it would not acknowledge any Fauitt of- left Mtaiig-
nity, fb it would never pardon any, but puniHi all with equal SiL>
verity. Horace, in oppofing this Principle, fliews, that there are
Faults, which we 00^ to pardon ; and that, e^n among thofe
which we cannot forgive, there are fome which we ought to puoiflr
with lefs Severity than others* San,
Verf. I. Omnibus hoe vitium eantorihsj The Chara£^er here
given to Muficians, may be as well applied to Paintefs and Poets;
^r a Reafon common to them all, and which may be well excuibta
Imagination is equally Miflrefs of thefe three Arts, and nothing is
more difficult, t^ an to regulate or reffraw her F&wtr, Hence afl
the whimflcal ExtrskvagaAces of thoie, who proftfs themielves hof
Votaries, San,
7. Tteraret, To Baccbe,\ We are Indebted for this conj«£hiral E-
mendation to Dr. Bentley. The drinking Catch, whidl Tigellius
inceflantly repeats, probably began with the Words, i* Baec^ €i-
taret is a Law^Teim ; and although we fhould allow, that it is
here ufed for redtaret, ytt where fliall we find ncitdre eantilenam,
Signifying, to fing a Soag ? Dr. Bentley tells us; that one of his
ancient Manufcripts had, very probably, the prefent Reading, the
Beginning of which, iterg was erafed, and eit vrritten by another
Hafid in its Place»
HM
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Sat 3. Thi Satikis of Horaci. 33
Sat. IIL
THIS Vice all Songfters have; they ne'er can
bring.
When they arc alk'd, their froward Souk to fing ;
Yet chaunt it forth, unafk^d, from Morn to Night i
Such was Tigellius, moft inconfbmt Wight !
Even Caefar, who might well his Power have (hewn.
If by his Father's Friendfhip and his own
He bcg'd a Song, was fare to beg in vaiii.
Yet, when the Wliim prevail'd, in endlefs Strain
Through the whole Feaft the jovial Catch he plies.
From Bafe to Treble o'er the Gamut flies.
Nothing
Modojumma vcee, Sccj] In a Tont vbieh anfwtn to thi hwift
Maft-firtng of the tetracbord. The four Strings of this Inftnim^nt
were calkd by the Greekt ; by the Latint,
*"3f»»T«. — — ^ SumnM*
tlac^wWri. ■ Sttbrum4)i«
Utt^diyiTii. i.. »i Pentinia.
Thus the fumma vox, which anfwcrs to the highcft String,
fmnma ebordm, muft fi|;nify the Bafe : and ima vox, that ftrikes
the fame Tone with tma chorda, nrauft fignify the Treble. Thia
Parage hath been AamefulJy mifunderfto 4 by the Comrricntators,
who tell us, Aat ima fignifles, in general, the IJafe, and/iw
the Treble : not eonfidering, that Horace, if regularly conftnied,
aiea^ofis the Strings of the T«trju:lu>r4 by thoir Nswnss $ while
th«y ujideriiand him a$ qply fp«akiog of the Voic«. Thf whole
ViflJif^ nuy be thus explained $ AWp./V««« voce^ id tfl, voce i//4^
pt^ tfa rifdiat in 'lettwhordP, ut fi tx ^UfUuar citvdis Ttfr^chardi
fiiwuat rajiqiu fyd^ eadenqne gnvu^ma rationt f<mi i modi b^c
v?«, qna tta rejQtuit in t^iUm Tetrficbor^o, itt fit <:r gtfaHl^r cbcrdif
Tjitr^imrdif iff^fit rgtiofe iui, fodtm^uf Of^iCiffina r^tmf J'oaif
Whoever would be better inflrufted in this Sulye^, |Q»y rpad ^
(urifius DifTertation upon it^ addreiTed to Mr, Sanadon*
;C*5 ii,JitHm%
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34 C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. s.
Nil sequale homini fuit illi : fsepe velut qui
Currebat fugiens hollem ; perfaepe velut qui lo
Junonis facra ferret : habebat faepe ducentos^
Ssepe decem fervos : modo reges atque tetrarchas.
Omnia magna loquens ; modo : Sit mihi menfa tripes Sc
Concha falis puri, & toga quae defendere frigus
Quamvis crafla queat. Decies centena dediffes i^
Huic parco^ paucis contento ; quinque diebus
Nil erat in loculis. Noftes vigilabat ad ipfum
Mane ; diem totum ftertebat. Nil fuit unquam
Sic impar fibi. Nunc aliquis dicat mihi ; Quid tH ?
Nullane habes vitia I Imo alia, & fortaiTe minora. 20
Maeniu? abfcntem Novium quum carperet : Heus tu,
Quidam ait, ignoras te ? an ut ignotum dare nobis
Verba putas ? Egomet mi ignofco, Manius inquit,
Stultus & improbus hie amor eft, dignufque notari*
Quum tua prsetereas oculis male lippus inundlis, 25
Cur in ai»icQ;:uxn vitii3 tarn cerius acutum>,
Quam
II. yuncnis fiera. ferret.'] THis grave and fDlemn March, al-
though a religious Ceremony in its Place, yet, when improperly
ufed, is AfFedlation and Impertinence. The Solemnity of this Pro-
ceifion hecame a Proverb, 'HfaXov ^a^if f <v, to walk the Juno,
To».
I5» Deeies eaitenaA Decies eerttena milita.. A^ Million of-'Sefterces
amounted to feven tnoufand eight hundred and twelve Poimd tea
Shillings of our Money, computing the leiTenSefterce at one Penny,
Half-penny Farthing, Half-farthing. The Romans ufed to fay^
Secies miUta.ind decies alone, suid dectet feftertium,
20. IlnValht & fortajfe minora,'] Nothing can Be more ftrongly
, authoriied than this Reading, which is of all the Manufcripts and
andent Editions. Ip the n^t Satire the Poet declares that his
Faults are of a pardonable Kind ; and faideed he muft have re-
proached Tigellius, with a very had Grace, for Crimes, of which
Be himfelf was equally guilty. HaudfortaJ/e mnora. Such a Poet
could with very little Modd^ pretend td write a Satire on the
Vicei of Mankind..
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Sat. 3^ The Satirbs op Horace. 35
Nodiing was of a Piece in the whole Man ;
Sometimes he like a frighted Coward ran,
Whofe Foes are at his Heels ; now foft and flow
He moy'd, like Folks, who in Proceflion go.
Now with two hundred Slaves he crouds his Train ;
Now walks with ten. In high and haughty Strain
At Mom, of Kings and Governors he prates s
At Night ** A frugal Table, O ye Fates,
•' A little Shell the facred Salt to hold,
^ And Clothes, though coarfe,. to keep from me th«
" Cold."
Yet give this Wight, thus frugally content,
A thoufand Pound, 'tis every Penny fpcnt
Within the Week : He drank the Night away
Till rifing Dawn, then fnor'd out all the Day.
Sure fuch a. various Creature ne'er was known.
*'^ But have you. Friend, no Vices of your own ?**
That I have Vices, frankly I confefs.
But of a different kind, and fomewhat le(s.
Maenius on abfent Novius vents his Spleen j
And do you think your Follies are unfeen }
Another anfwers No. I WqII perceive.
Quoth Maenius,, but a kind Indulgence give
To my own Faults. This is a foolifh Love,
And vicious, which our Cenfure ihould reprove :
For wherefore, while you carelefsly pafs by
Your own worft Vices with unheeding Eye,
Why fo iharp-iighted in another's Fame,
Strong as an Eagle's Ken, or Dragon's Beam ?
But
*5. ^^w '»« pr^enas.l The Neceflity of this Correction,
which is taken from Mr. I^anadon, appears not only from the
Scnft- of the Poet, but the different Readings of Manufcripts, and '
C 6 Difputes
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36 Q. HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. tJ
Quam aat aquila, aut ferpens Epidaarias? At tibi
contra
Evenit, inquirant vitia at tua rurfus 8c ilii.
Iracundlor eft paulo ; minus aptus acutis
Naribus horam hominum : rideri poffit, eo quod 30
Rufticii!ls tonfo toga defluit, & maj^ laxus
In pede calceus hasret. At eft bonus, ut melior vir
Non alius qnifquam ; at tibi amicus ; at ingefiium
ingens .
Inculto latet hoc fub corpore. I>enique teipfum
Concute, num qua tibi vitiorum infevcrit ollm 35
Natura, aut etiam confuetudo mala : namque
Negledis urenda lilix innafcitur agris.
Illuc praevertamur, amatorem quod amicae
Turpia decipiunt caecum vitia, aut etiam ipfa hac
Deledlant ; veluti Balbinum polypus Hagnae. 40
Vellem
Difputes of Editors, whom it is impoflible to reconcile, while eack
of them proves the other in the wrong. Some underftand pe/^i^
dere, like the Greek ^raf/xtCxIwMF, To v/Vw careiefsfy, as if per
were a diminutive, as in perfidus, perjurvs. Others read pramdeau
for pratervideas 5 an Expreflion unknown to the Latin Tongue.
The other Alteration in this Line male for mala is of Manufcript-
Authority. Our Author frequently ufes mali for valde j mali lip^
pus, male parvus, maU laxus. Tua refers to vitia, which appears
m the Ablative Cafe in the following Verfe.
29. Iracundior ejf paulo.] Mr. Dacier, fupported by the old
Commentator and Cruquius, acknowledges in this Paffage t^« Cha-
rafter of Virgil j while Dr. Bentley, with his natural Contempt of'
other Interpreters, finds in it the Pifture of Horace himfelf. How-
ever, the Poet feems only to have drawn an imaginary Charaftcr,
or perhaps might have thrown in fome Strokes, which make it rc-
^mble Virgil and Himfelf. The Commentator's Tradition does
Honour to our Author, in ihewing his Friendfliip for Virgil ; and it
were to be wifhed, for Virgil's Reputation; that he had in any one
Place acknowledged that Friendship.
^cutis
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Sst. 3. The Satires op Horace. 37
Bat know, that he with equal Spleen fhall view.
With equal Rigour fhali thy PaultB purfue.
Your Friend is paffionate ; perhaps unlit
For the brift Petulance of modem Wit ;
His Haif iH-cut, his Robe, that aukwaid flows.
Or his large Shoes to Raillery expofe
The Man you love 5 yet is he not polTeft
Of Virtues, with which very few are bleft ?
And underneath this rough, uncouth Difgnife
A Genius of exteniive Knowledge lies.
Search your own BreaH, and mark with honeft Care
What Seeds of Folly Nature planted there.
Or Cuftom rais'd ; for a negleded Field
Shall for the Fire its Thorns and Thiftks yield.
And yet a fhorter Method we may find.
As Lovers, to their Fair, one fondly blind,
Even on her Uglinefs with Tranfport gaze ;
For Hague's Wen can good Balbinas pleafe. '
Oh!
Atwih Mrifoi] Is die direft Opfofition to nsrihs P^ijft. which
the Ladna u(ed to iignify a Stupid, who wants the natunl Quick*
neia and Sharpnefs of the Senies. Sa n.
j8. Uluc praveriamur.] The Tranfition is ihort, and conff«
quently not extremely clear, fravtrtere fignifies to get heforc an-
oUier. by takmg a fhorter Path. To de6re Maakiod to examine
their own Hearts, and enquire whether their Vices proceed from
Natore or Cuilom ; GoniHtution or Education s is to engage them
in a long and thorny Road. It is an eaTier, mter Way to mark
the Condu6l of others ; to turn their Miftakes to our own Adran-
tage, and endeaTOur to do by Virtue^ what thty do by a vicious
Sjk^. San.
40. BtHitnm f9/ypitt ffagn^t,"] This Stroke is of a delicate, cruel
Satire, m quoting Ae Polly of this poor Balbinus, as an Inftance of
the Vhtnc he would recommend. Cicero fays of Alcaeus, n^vus in
articuh ftmlUt deMnt Akaum, at ffi corftrii macula n^vuty ilH m-
mtn hmen vidtAatur, Nat. Dxo»
Hagn^f inftead of Agna, is of fufficient Manufcript- Authority,
and hath been received by all our later Editon,
4a. Nomen
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«f Qj^HoRATii Flacci Satirailvm Lib. !•.
Vellem iaamicita iic erraremusy & ifti
Errori nomen Virtus pofuiiTet honeilum.
At, pater at nati^ fic nos debemus amici.
Si quod fit vitium, noa faflidire. Strabonem
Appellat Pactum pater ; Sc Pullum, male parvus 45.
Si cui filius eft, ut abortivus fuit olim
Sifyphus 5 hunc Varum,, diftortis cruribus : ilium
Balbutit Scaurum» talis fiiltum male pravis.
Farcies hie vivit ; frugi dicatur. Ineptus .
Et jadtantior Jlic paulo eft ; concinnus amicis 59
Poftulat ut videatur. At eft truculentior, atque
Plus JEquo liber ; fimplex fortifque habeatur.
Caldior eft ; acres inter numeretur. Opinor,,
Haec res & jungit, junftos & fcrvat amicos..
At nos vlrtutes ipfas invertimus, atque 55
Sincerum cupimus vas incruftare. Probus quis
Nobifcum vivit, multum demiffus homo : illL
Tardo ac cognomen pingui damns. Hie fugit omnes.
Infi.
41, Nomen yirtux pofuiffet boneftum,'] One happy Confequence
would attend this Method of giving honourable Names to the
Vices of Mankind, that many People, who praftife Virtue only
through Oftentation, would be fincere in their Adlions, if it had a
Name, which flattered their Vanity. Dac,,
48, Balbutit Seaurum,'] We are obliged to Rutger/ios for in-
forming us, that all thefe Names Strabo, Patut, Pu//us, Farut,
and Scaurui, are Surnames of illuftrious Roman Families, 'from-
whence Fathers gave them to their Children, covering their Defor-
mities with Names of Dignity. This is one of many Beauties in*
the Original, which it is impoffible to prefervr in a Tranflation,
Mr. Dacier, to raife the Beauty of this Paifage, would have ur
«ad Scaulutn^ as if the Father lifpingly foftened the yfot^'Scaurum»
But, as Dr. Be^tley weU.obferveSy the Word balbutit equally refers-
to Varus, as to Scaurus, and confequentJy the fame Reafon will,
oblige us to read Valus, Let us add, with Mr. Sanadon, that to
•renounce Lfor R is not the Fault of thofe who lifp, but of thofe
who fpeak thick. Thefe Fathers made ufe of a childiih Pronuncia-
tion.
,y Google
Sat. J, Thb Satires op Hokacv. ^
Oh ! were our Weaknefs to our Friends the fame.
And ftamp'd by Virtue with fomc honeft Name.
Nor flioald we to their Fauhs be more fever^
Than an indulgent Father to his Heir r
If with diftorted Eyes the Urchin glkre^,
" Oh ! the dear Boy, how prettily he ftares !'•*
Is he of dwarfifh and and abortive Size f
" Sweet little Moppet," the fond Father cries :
Or is th* unfhapen Cub deformM and lame ?
He kindly lifps him o*er fome tender Name.
Thus, if your Friend*^s too frugally fevere,,
Let him a wife Oeconomift appear.
Is he, perhaps^ impertinent and vain ^
" The pleafant Creature means to entertain."
Is he too free to prate, or frankly rude?
** 'Tis manly Plainnefs aU, and Fortitude*"
Is he too warm ? Na. Spirited and bold;
Thus fhall we gain new Friends, and keep the oldl
But we diftort their Virtue to a Crime,
And joy th' untainted Veffel ,tQ begrime;
Have we a modcft Friend, and void of Art i
*' He's a fat-headed Wretch,, and cold of Heart."
While
tion, like that of Mothers and Nurfes careffing their ChUdrea>
wliich is what Horace calls haWmtire,
5-5, Virtutet ipfat invtrtimus.] The Poet hath cfaofen, for an
Xxample of this Truth, three Virtues, Probity, Prudence, and
Simplicity. By the laft he underftands a Franknefs in our A£Honf,
which frequently pafTes over the Decencies of Life> rather through
Joattention^ than Unpolitenefs. San*
57. Multum dmijfut hemoj] This is not a Vice, but a Virtue,
generally attending a real Probity. Ea omma qu^, proborum, de-
mifTorum frnt^ valde benevoUnttam coneiliant» Cic. a. Lib. dc Or»-
tore. And in another Place, Sit apud v$s tmdeflia lo€tu ',Jft dc
lii0i» bcminibmi ftrfigium. Pro Munena, B « i* »•
58, M tardif at commm piafui damuiA The Coxnmeatatora.
■^ • * -• J woul4,.
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^o Q;^HoE4Tii Flacci Satiearum Lib. i;
In£cUa8» Qulliqud malo l»tu9 obdit apertum*
(Quum genus hoc inter vitas verfemur, ubi acns 60
Invidiam atqae vigent ubi crimina,) pro bene fano
Ac non incauto, fidum aftutuinquc vocamus.
Simplicior qois & eft (qualem me (xipQ libenter
Obtulerim tibi. Maecenas,) ut forte legentem,
Aut taciturn appeUet quovis fermone nioleflus ; 65
Commupi fenftt plane caret, inquimus. Ehea,
Quam temore in no&iet legem fancimus iniquam !
Nan vitiis nemo fine nafcitvur : optimns ille eft.
Qui minimis urgetur. Amicus dulcis, ul asquum eft.
Cum mea compenfet vitiis bona, pluribus hifce 70
(Si modo plura mibi bona f^nt) inclin^t„ amari
Si volet : hjw lege in truti^a ponetur qadem*
Qui, ne tubcribus prc^rii^ Qfftn4at amicufls,
Poftulat ', ignofcet ven-qck illiuf. ^quum fft
Peccatis venia^ pofit^ntom redderQ rur&s. 75
Peni-
would, in vai«, difcpver s^q Oppofitjo^ between thefe two Words
tardut and pinguis, and being under a Neceflity of making one of
them a Virtqe^ tbey hawe dividod, and by dividing them have mul-
tiplied the Diffi^lty. Where can they find, that the Latioe ever
made either finguitudo or tarditas a Virtue ? Horace oppofes tardus
9SvSi pingttis to fn bus and modeftus, A Man of Probity and Mo-
defty is often called dull, and ftupid. The Honour, whatever it
Ijq, of t-^ia gjipl^gtipn, is due tp Pr. Bentley.
59. Latus obdit.] The Oo»ft«u£tion is obdif latnt^ nulU ma/o
0$e>tum, Ifyt, I>A(:ier, l^y fbme ftrange Mifiakc, io which he is
iToUowod by the Delphin-sote4, and Pond*s Variorum Sditipa,
«iaj(«s «A<^«« fignify, tfijhmtit to laj «fienj or difcpver ; whereas, it
jEgnififit, t« utice4J^ t9 CQvtr^
#6. Communi fenfu plani caret.J H« wants an Underftandiag,
J^t diibngqiihAS |hq common Pecencie« obfefve4 is addrofiin^ the
Ojeaj. Sucli wa» the Comm^ni^ fenfift afmtng the Rom^Qii, for
wwck we h4>c n9 ExiNre^on in Isifli/h. 5// in bmeficio ftnfus
communis; tmpu^ iofm, ptrjewAs ^kfenmf, Sxmeca. %^
veffimur tn emjfuttudm r«>«A£A^ } ia iiwfa l|fla|iiwm Wmipwni,
in
1
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Sat. 3- TiTB 5ATiRrs or Hoitace. 49
While we oenreHb with an ill-nattnr'd Age,
Where CalUmny and Envy lawlds rage.
Is there a- M«r by long Bxpericnce wife.
Still on his Guard, nor open to Snrprise ?
% caatious Vf iOom and' pnidential Fear
Shall Artifice and faMe^ DiCgoxk appear.
If any one of iltnple, thooghtteTs Kind
[Such as yaa. oft yosr carekfe I^t find)
Who Life- s* politer Mauiera ncvey bntw,
I& while we read,, or fdme Ibttd Scheme pavfae.
He teize us with hifi neer Impartiiioiic^t
We cry, the Cxmtuve wmtt eiivii comoiM Stnfe.
Alas i wixst Lsws, of how fwmr^ a> Svma^
Againil ourfcbras w« theughtlelsiy ovd&xii ?
For we have aO our Vices^ andthe bfft
Is he, who with the &weft 19 oppveft;
A kinder Friend, who balances my good
And bad togatlier, as in Thith he flioidd;
If haply my g,Ood Qjjalities prevail.
Inclines indulgent to the finking Scale.
Wtffr like Indtdgence let his Friendihlp plead.
£Gs K^erits be with equal Moafure weigb'd i
Ser he» v^o hopes his Kle (hall not of endv
^ould over-look the Pimples of his Friend.,
And or^sk m juftice te his vmn De&6b,
At leall (hould grant the Pardon he. expels.
But,
torf Sha ft e ft oiy ex^aiiur tfte Sinfttf cmmums in Juircnil, 7»«r
hnfr, mtkkb rt^arth rte evmmon Good\ the pM'c Wdfan. A
Senl^, aecdnfisg to iftat uij^ovs Authonr, fcldtm ftiund among
tbrGrcat.
70. Cm le^tf cmfenfit mitih kna,} Mr. Sanadon taKet notice
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4^ Ql^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm L2b. !•.
Denique, quatesus excidi penitus vitiam irse,
Cactera item nequeunt ftultis hserentia ; cur non
Fonderibus modolifque fuis ratio utitur ? ac» res
Uc quseque efl, ita fuppliciis delidla coercet ?
Si quis eum (ervum, patinam qui toUere julTus Zck
Semefos pifccs tepidumque ligurierit jus.
In cruce fufHgat ; Labeone infanior inter
Sanos^ dicatur. Quanto hoc furiofius, atque
Majus peccatum eft ? paul^m deliquit amicus;
(Quod niil concedas, habeare infuavis, acerbus) 9^
Odiiti & fugis, ut Rufonem debitor seris ;
Qui nifi, quum triftes mifero venere Calendar,.
Mercedem aut nummos unde unde extricate amaras
Porre6to jugulo, hiilorias, captivus ut, audit.
Comminxit ledum potus ; metisave catillum 90
Evandri manibus tritum dejecit i ob banc rem»
Aut
of a ^ulty TriUirpofition here, and in the tenth Line, S^ vefttt
fui eurrebat frgunx boftem. The grammatical Order ir, S^pe cur*
rebat velut qui bofiem fitment currit, and C9mpenjet mta bcna (Mm
76. Denifvi quMtinui,'] The fecond Part of the Satire be^n»
here. The Stoics called all vicious People FooUf ftuitot, S^uatcnus
is frequently ufcd by our Poet for qmmiam^ ftnct that.
81. Tepidumque ligurimt jmi*"] Horace, to excufe the Slavey
fays,"^ that the Sauce was yet warm, tefidum, and therefore mors
tempting. For the fame Rcafon he fays, the Fifli was half eaten,
and he had therefore a Kind of Right to them, as Fragments.
Sa. Labeone iiijam9r,j The ScholiaAs, Commentators, and In-
terpreters tell us, that Horace means Marcus Antiftius Labeo,
who, in the Spirit of Liberty, frequently oppofed Aogufhis in the
Senate, when he attempted any Alterations in the Sute. AritabM
turn libertMt nimia & vecort, fays Seneca, which might juffly ren-
der him odious to Auguftus. But whatever Refpe^ our Poet had
for his Emperor, we never find that he treats the Patrons of
Liberty with Outrage. Nor can we well imagine, that he darg
thus cruelly brand a Man of Labeo*s Abilities, Riches, Power and
Employments in the State $ to whom Auguftus himfe£f offered the
CooTul&i^. Probably the Perfoa here intended, was publiolcly
koowA.
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Sat. 3. The Satires of Horace. 43
But, (ince we never from the Breaft of Fools
Can root their Paffions, yet while Reafon rules>
Let her hold forth her Scales with eqtial Hand>
Juftly to punifhy as the Crimes demand. .
If a poor Slave, who takes away your Plate,
Lick the rich Sauce, the half-cold Fragments eat.
Yet fhoold you crucify the Wretch, we fwear
Not Labeo's Madnefs can with thine compare.
Bat is this Madnefs lefs than yours ? A Friend
With fome flight Folly may perhaps offend :
Forgive him, or with Juflice you appear
Of hardened Kind, inhumanly fevere :
Yet you avoid him, and with Horrour fhun.
As Debtors from the ruthlefs Rufb run.
Who damns .the Wretches on th' appointed Day
His Interefl or Principal to pay.
Or, like a Captive, flretch the Mning Ear
His tedious Tales of Hiflory to hear.
A Friend has fouPd my Couch ; ah! deep Difgrace I
Or off the Table thrown fome high-wrought Vafe,
Or,
known to htre been guilty of feme Folly oot unlike wb«t our
Poet mentioofl. Dr. Bently btth found a Labienus in the Time
of Auguftnt, whoie Ch»ra£ter fitf this Paflage extremely well j and
whom he therefore recommaodt to a Place in the Text.
86. Rufonem,'] This Rufo was a double Torment to the poor
People, who borrowed Money of him. He ruined them by Ex-
tortion, and read them to Death with his Works. The greateft
Number, and the beft Manufcripts read Rufo j nor was Dr^Jo re-
ceived into any Edition before that of Aldus.
89. PorreSo jugulo, capdvut «r.] The forced Attention of this
miferable Creditor is compared, as Mr. Sanadon underftands it, t*
the Poi^ure of a Captive, who ftretches out his Keck to the Chain*
We find the Slaves in ancient Comedy flood in this Attitude obftiH
*apitey as a Mark of Refpeft to their Maflers, and Obfervance of
tbeir Orders, from whence Mr. Dacier thinks our Poet hath take9
bis Image.
^i. EvandrJ mamht tritum.] Ternatum, ctfigtum, fkhfUttHim^
Mittt
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^ Q^H'oiiA^ii Placci Satirahum Lib. i.
Aut pofitum ante mei quia puUum in pact« catiiis
Suftulit oTurienSy minus hoc jucandua amicus
Sit mihi ? Quid faciam, ^itva fi fKoait^ asb fi
Prodiderit commif£» ftd^ fponfunwio nt^ujt? 93^
Queia pari» e^e fere plaeuit peccata^ laborant,
Quum ventutaad verumaft: fenfuA mopeiiiue repugnant^
Atque ipia utilitas, jufti prope mater Sc asqui*
Quum proTtpferunt pctmia animalia tsr«i% 9^
Mutum ac tarpe pecus, ghndem. atquft cuhilia propter,
Unguibus & pugnis^ dein fuftifaus,, atque; ilsL poico
Pugnabant armi% qus poU fkbricaKerat ufu» i
Donee verba^ quibus voces, fisa&ilque luabafent^
Nominaqucittvenere: dehkK abMei«' be]lo>
Oppida coeperunt munire, St pe»ep& leges^ i ^5
Ne quis fur effet^ neH latro^ neu quxs adulter.
.Nam
ITiiu radiot trivtrt rotih Vfrcii;. Vitrvm eJmd flattLfi^ur^fiur^
«/W tvrno ttzitur, Pt in . But as the Latijis ufed the Word torcu*
mata to iignify any Works, either turned or wpoughi i^ the Chixaul,
becauCa th«y were mad* by the fame Wovkinen, Mr. Sanadea
thinks the Poet probably means, that this Plate was engraved "with
an Inftrument. The Scholiafts tell us, that this Evander was
carried Ax)in Athens to Rosie by Mark Antony, and that he ex-
celled in Sculpture and Engraving. Tkcy, who believe that Honac
means King Evuder, would not enly pcrfuade us, thai this Hate
mnft have been preftrvcd i'o many Ages by i^nae uncommon good
Fortune, but h<»re unlMckily pkietd a VeM To valuabk on a M».
MToh^t Table, wkofa P«la«6 w«s a~ Cottage;, his Throne a Ckair
%i ordinary Wood ^ his Beds ira^ of I/ca^ee oa Ruibes, and hit
Tapeftry, the Skina o^ Beafts* IU» ino^s Svandrn^ b»ii4*. Dr.
dtntley deaiafi, tkat the Latms ever vStA trittfm to fignUy t^Jatum,
ferJeStum^ and he therefore recoBEtfaeods fMiitM tQ U9> on Autho-
laiy qI aA anfi«eot Manulcsft. The Beginning, cif thi^ Not^ will
Aew, thait this great Critic was not infallible*
95. Cmmi(pLM,'\ Out ^aet fvei)ueQtly ulb/<2p fu Jukit as
Virgil I»y8 dH for dki. Libra di4 Jommfu^farei uhi fictnt koHtu |
and SaMu A, vm JtgiwttTpmn dit. In cafu dandi, qni fmijm» hatti
Jhtif, nm%fm,mimmdmwmsyJidU^v^d$xtmm^ AuUGdl.
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Sat. 3. The SATiRes op Horacs. .45
Or, hungry, fwrtch'd a Chkfccn off aay Pk«e,
Shall I for this a good Companion hate ?
What if te lobb'd nw, or his Trail iMtmy'd,
Or broke the (acred Promife ^e ^ad BMide ?
Who hold all Crimes alike are deep diftwit.
When we appeal to Tnifih's imjMUtial Tdt.
Senfe, CuHom, focial Good, from Wheiiee arife
All Forms of 'R^htiand Wrong, the Faa^denies.
Winn the-^ft Mortals cmwlJQg rofe fourth,
Speechlefs and wretdied, ffon iheir Mother-Earth,
For Caves and Aeoms, then the Food of Life,
With NaikcndFiftsdiey'lMld a bk>odleft Strife, -
But foon improved, iivith Cliibs they bolder ibnght,
And various Arms, which fadrExperienoe Mveiighc,
Till Words, to f^ the wand»ii)g Voioe, were fboad.
And Names impreis'd a Meaaii^ Hpon Sooad :
And now they cdafe ^rOm War ; their Towns incloTe
With formidable Walls, and *Laws gempoTe
To ftrike the Thief, and Highwayman with Dread,
And vindicate the facred Marriage-Bed.
For
96. AreT] *Tht liatins ufed the Words ^# and fnfe for /wyn.
It is.a modeft Manner of Expreffion, by which the Affirmation lofes
nothing of its intendcd^trength. Cr u^*
^%. Atqne ipfttmHHtat.l Horaee^ndoavoun to prove, according
to the Do^lrifle of Epicams, t!h«t Juiftice and Isjuftice arife onjy
fKtai Laws ; and tlut -Laws have'Do other Foundation than public
Utility, ' by ^hioh'he-ineans thc'i^ppinefi^ of civil .Society. Ota the
eootrary the Stoics ^afieited, tshat Juilice and lajuftice have their
'firft Princifples in* Nature iuTdf, and the fif ft Appearance ofRsaibn
ic the -Miifid of Man. Sa k«
99. I^atrrprorrpfentnt,'] This £xpreffion is extreafltly proper for
Ule^yftem of Epicurus, who believed, that the tfirft Race of Men
n>feout of the< Earth, in which they were formed by a Mixture of
Heat and MoiftuK. To a a •
117. Et
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46 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib, t
Nam fuit ante Helenam mulier teterrima belli
Caufa : fed ignotis pcrierunt mortibus illi,
Quos Venerem incertam rapientes more ferarum
Viribus editior caedebat, ut in grege taurus. 1 1 a
Jura inventa metu injufti fateare neceffe eft,
Tempora fi faftofque velis evolvere onundi.
Nee Natura poteft jafto fecernere iniquum,
Dividk ut bona diverfis, fugienda petendis :
Nee vincet ratio hoc, tantumdem ut peccet idemque>i 1 5
Qui tcneros caulcs alieni fregerit horti,
Et qui nodluraus facra Divum legerit. Adfit
jRegula, peccatis quae poenas irroget aequas :
Ne fcutica dignum horribili fediere flagello.
( Nam, wt ferula caedas meritum majora fubire 120
Verbera, non vereor ; quum dicas effe pares res
Furta latrociniis ; & magnis parva mineris
Falce recifurum fimili tc, fi tibi regnum
Permittant homines. Si dives, qui fafiens eft,
1 17* Et fw noBumus.^ For fuSarno tempore. It may alfo fig-
nify a Thief ; for the Latins called Thieves noffamot. Sons of Mid-
night, as the Greeks called them ttjutifUairtts^ Day-Sleepers.
120. Nam ut ferula cedas.J Our Interpreters, in general, be-
lieve, that ut after the Verbs ttmeo, vereor, is alw^s negative, and |
then Horace is made to fpeak in direA Contradi^ion to what he \
means. But we may find in the Latin Authors, that ut always en- '
ters into the Conftruftion of the Verbs //Wo, vereor, and Cuftom
eftabli/hed, that it flionld be generally underftood, when «r was
iifed, but always exprefled when there was na Point of Negation.
This is fo true, that the Verb following could not be put into the |
Subjun£live Mood, but by Virtue of ut either exprefled or under- ,
ftopd J for ne, whatever Grammarians aflert, hath no iuch Power,
San.
111. Magnis parva mineris, &c.] The Conilruftion of this
Sentence is a little perplexed. It is generally called a Grecifm, but
even the Greek Phrafes, which are brought to explain it, may be
conftrued more naturally than they are by our Interpreters, As to
the
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Sat. 3. The Satires of Horace. 4f
For Woman, long ere Helen's fatal Charms,
Deftrudive Woman ! fet the World in Arms :
But the fiiil Heroes died unknown to Fame,
|Like Beafts who ravilhM the uncertain Dame ;
When, as the ftouteil Bull commands the reH,
The -weaker by the ftrongcr was oppreft.
Turn o'er the World's great Annals, and you find.
That Laws were firil invented by Mankind
To ftop Oppreifion's Rage ; for though we leans.
By Nature, Good from Evil to difcern :
What we fhould wife purfue, or cautious fly :
Yet can (he never, with a conftant Eye,
Of legal JufUce mark each nice Extreme ;
Nor can right Reafon prove the Crime the fame.
To rob a Garden, or, by Fear unaw*d.
To Ileal, by Night, the facred Things of God.
Then let the Punifliment be fairly weighed
Againft the Crime ; nor let the Wretch be flay'd.
Who fcarce deferv'd the Laih.— I cannot fear.
That you fhall prove too tenderly fevere.
While you affert all Vices are the fame ;
And threaten, that were yours the Power fupreme.
Robbers and Thieves your equal Rage (hould feel.
Uprooted by the fame avenging SteeL
la
the pitfent PaiTa^e, it may be thus ranged : SlgMm mtmit Nparms,
piccata cum magnit reeifurtan JimiU fake,
1 43. Si tibt rtgmm permt'ttaMt bomifw.'j Thefe Words give Rife
to the following Pleafantry, which agreeably ends the Satire. Ho-
race takes Occa£on to rally the Stoics for the pretended Royalty
which they gave to their Philofopher.
lay. SMm
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A% Q^HORATII iFtACOl SATMlAJtUM Lib. I.
£t fator bomts, ^ ifolns fonaa&is, & -eft rex ; 125
Cur optas c^uod hahes ? Non nofti quidpatec, ixiqiiit»
Chryfippus dioat : ^s^ieas cf^pkUs fibi niuiquam
Nee folefts fecit : Aitor ^men eft iiipftiis.
Hon AT.
Qui?
&Tt>IC.
Uty quamvistaeetHennogeiics, -cantor tamcn, otqus
OptimosoBftvioabboori mAMoMSJ^sSK, omxii 130
Abjedo inftrumesito actis, daosiqve cabecaa,
Tonfor erat : iapiens of eris Jc c^chnus omuls
Eft opifex folus, fie cex.
Veflunt*tH)i 4»ai^am
Lafcivi pueri, qttos tuiil£ fufte coerces,
Urgcris tufba circiiin <e 'lbmte» mkerque 1 35
Rumperis<&:>latra6^ magnorum ttsxime regum.
Ne Iwigmn faciam ; dum tu quadraitte laratum ,
Rex ibis, «eq«c tc qarfquam ftipator, iiwptum
Praetej Crifpinum, fe6bbittir ; '6c mihi ddccs
Ignofcent, fi qmd pcccavcro'ftultws, amici; 140
Toque
isy. Sapiens e*efvthijibi nwfuam, J^c;] CfaiTliMUt h here
aleafantly called Father, becaufe he was the firft, who explained
in this abfurd Manner thofe excellent Precepts of Zeno, which
teach us, that Wifdom fets us above Kings ; and t^t the Throne
.Ae <#ien«o.«sia.fMfnafaie4x>'-that«f tl» gteateft Vfoaarehs.
vuS. Smtar4awumifi p^mt. i^«] ^ch is theJUaduig of two
excellent MaottTcrApts, whtth^hsyui been MC0iv8d>y4>oriater:fidi-
tors. %o> that prevails in the wmmon EditMas, can never figoify
fuomodo or quopaSo, which ^firf fnsquently does,
13». Tonjor erat,] This Reading is authorifed by two ancient
Manufcripts ; by a Manufcript-Copy of Acron, the Scholiaft j by
an Author of near two hundred Years old, who tells us, Alfeniw
was a'Barbcr j and by the Reafoniiig of the Poet hibfelf. By the
common
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}
Sat. 4. The Satires of Horace. 4^
Is not the Wife a Shoemaker profcft,
Handfome and rich ; of Monarchy poifeft.
Why wiih ibr what you have ?
Stoic.
Yet hold, my Friend,
Aiid better to the Stoic's Senfe attend.
For though the Wife nor Shoes, nor Slippers made.
Yet is the wife a Shoemaker by Trade ;
As, though Hermogenes may fing no more.
He knows the whole Extent of Mufic's Power ;
Alfenus, tum'd a Lawyer in his Pride,
His Shop fhut «p, his Razors thrown afide.
Was ftiU a Barber : So the Wife alone
Is of all Trades, though exercifing none,
And i«igns a Monarch, though without a Thmne,
Horace*
Great King of Kings, unlefs you driveaway
This preffing Croud, the Boys in wtuiton Play
Win pluck you by the Beard, while you (hall growl.
Wretch as thou art, and burft in Spleen of Soul :
In (hor^ while in a Farthing-Bath you reign,
With only one poor Life-guard in your Train :
While the few Friends, with whom I joy to live.
Fool as I atn, my Follies can forgive.
And
tommon Reading, fifof, Hanc^ reafons thus ; Although the Sage
' ^oes not m^e Shoes, yet he is a Sboemdker | as HenncgeneS, crea
vrhen he does hot fing, is a Swgfter ; and as Alfenus, after he ha4
ihut up his Shop, was a Sboemater. He ought not furely to have
taken his fecond Example from the fame Tn^e ; at leafi, if it does
not injure his Reafordng, it has lefs poetical Variety* Mr. Cu-
ningham and Mr. Sanadon, upon Authonty x>f one ancient Manu«
Xcript, read, opiritfo protiiius otiinht
133. VeHuht tibl harbamj] To pluck a Man by the Beard, wa«
fuch an Indignity, that it gave rife to a Proverb amohjg the Greckt
Vol, III, D and
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5^ Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib^ iT
Inque vicem illorum patiar delid^ libenter,
Privatufque magis vivam te rege beams.
and Romans. JThe Stoic Philofophers were ufually treated with
this kind of Contempt, to infult their pretended Wifdom, and to
put them to the Proof o£ their boafted Patience,
139. El mibi dulcet, &c.] We ought, fays Epidetus, to extenu-
ate an Injury committed againft us, that we may forgive it more ea-
fily ; and to enlarge our own Miftakes, th^t we may corre^ them,
and repent of them.
S A T. IV.
EUPOLIS, atque Cratmus, Ariflophanefque poetae,
Atque alii, quorum comcedia prifca virorum eft.
Si quis erat dignus defer ibi, quod malus ac fur,
Q^od moechus foret, aut ilcarius, aut alioqui
Famofus, multa cum libertate notabant. . ^
Hinc.
It appears by the hundred and thirty-firft Line, .that our Poet was
young when he wrote this Satire. A Circumflance, which docs
him much Honour. Obliged to juftify himfelf againft an Accufa-
tion of too much fatiricai Severity, he ihews, that he hath been
more referved than the Poets of former Times ; that he had no
Defign of aiming at the Charafter of a great Poet j that he did not
engage in this Kind of Writing from a natural Difpofition to expofe
the Fellies of others, and that there is not any of that malignant
Spirit in his Poetry, which is indulged Sina encouraged in private
Converfation. A little Kind of Epifode, in which he defcribes the
Manner of his being educated by his Father, ends the Poem. But
what greatly raifcs the Spirit of it is, that while he feems to excufe
the Liberty of his Satires, . he is more fatiricai than ever. Sa n«
Vcrf. I. EupoHs atque Cratiaus Ariftcpbanefyue.} Thefe three
Poets were Contemporaries. Eupolis diftinguiihed himfelf among
the Writers of ancient Comedy, His Pc etiy did not want its Beau*
ties, but he was too fevere in reproving the Vices and Follies of
Mankind. He was drowned in the Hellefpont, in the War againft
the Lacedemonians, upon which Occaiion the Athenians made a
Decree, that no Poet fhould ever bear Arms. Cratinus had Strength
and Boldnefs ; he was particularly formidable to the Great, whom
h& exf ofed upoa the Stage, without regard to their Rank* Arifto.-
phanes
,y Google
Sat. 4; The Satires op Horacb. Jt
And I to them the feme Indulgence fhcw.
No Blifs like mine thy Kingfhip can bedow.
Peccinro in this Line is of fufficient Authority. We do not find
that the heft Latin Poets frequently ihorten the O at the End of
their Verbs, and even lefs frequently, when the following Word
begins with two Confonants. The common Reading is feceavero,
San.
Sat, IV-
TH E comic Poets, in its*earlieft Age
Who form'd the Manners of the Grecian Stage,
Was there a Villain, who might juftly claim
A better Right of being damnM to Fame,
Rake, Cut-throat, Thief, whatever was his Crime,
They boldly ftigmatiz'd the Wretch in Rhime.
From
phane's was of a vehement Spirit ; a Genius turned to Raillery j
Wit free and elevated, and Courage, not to fear the Perfon, when
Vice was to be reproved. But thefe Refbrmers of Mankind ill
agreed among themfelves, and each of them, in his Rivalfhip for
Fame> hath left us no very amiable Picture of his Brother-Bards.
a. Comcedia prifca.'] Comedy was divided into Ancient, and Mo-
dern. In the ^rft, the Subje£l and the Names of the Adors were
real. In the fecond the Drama was formed on HiAory, but the
Names of the A£tors were invented. In the third, both the Story
and Aflors were formed by the Poet.
f , Multa cum UhertateJ\ This Liberty was much abufed. The
Poets, not contented with ^xpcfwig the Names and Charatlers of
the Perfons, whom they reprefented upon the Stage, made them
almoft appear themfelves by Maflcs, drawn with the utmoft Re-
fembknce. Indeed we are to expeft but little Impartiality from
Satirifts of any Age : The Virtue of Pericles could not defend him
. from the Virulence of Cratinus 5 nor the Wifdom of Socrates from
the Petulance of Ariftophanes.
Da 7. Muta^
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5« Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
Hinc omnis pendet Lucilius^ hofce fequutus.
Mutatis tantum pedibus numerifque, facetus,
Emundae naris ; durus componere verfus f
Nam fuit hoc vitioftis ; in hora fxpe ducentos,
Ut magnum, verfus di^abat ftans pede in uno : to
Quum rtueret lutulentus, erat quod tollere velles :
Garrulus, atque piger fcribendi ferre laborem,
Scribendi re6le ; nam ut multum, nil moror. Ecce
Crifpinus minimo me provocat :
Crisp.
Accipe, fi vis,
Accipe jam tabalas: detar nobis locus, hora, 15
Cullodes : videamus uter plus fcribere poffit.
HORAT.
7. Matatit pedibus.l Ennlus and Pecuvius had written Satiret
before Lucillus. He was rather the Re(lorer^ than Inventor of this
kind of Poetry. He formed himfelf upon the Grecian Comedy,
and only changed the Meafures of his Verie, Hexameteri for
Iambics.
8. Emunff it naris.'] Of a fagacious, penetrating Genius to difco^
ver the: Follies of Mankind, and of an agreeable, fptrited Raillery to
turn them into Ridicule, fautut^ Such is the Charadler of Lttci«
lius by Cicero and Quintilian, ftrturhanum and abunde fails,
Difus componere ver fus-l Ought to be joined with mam fait h^e
vitiofus, iince we now enter into the Faults of Luciiius his Cha-
rafter. San.
10. Ut mMgnum,'] Poets have fometimes their happy Sallies, and
they fhould follow their ^fufe, while /he is in good Humour.
They can afterwards in Coolnefs of Judgment correft the Negli«
gences, which they did not perceive in the Rapidity of Writing.
But thefe poetical Fits are not extremely frequent, and in genenl
the Poet, who too much reiigns himfelf to this Eafinefs of Writ-
ing, will never be better than a moderate Poet* Sa m •
J I- Erat que/i tollere velles,'] Prepterta quhi flu^at httn&MtMtp
erat quod veil, i tollere, Mr. Dacier would perfuade us, that tollere
fignifies to cbufe 5 to preferve ; from a Cuftom of a Father's taking
up his Child when he dcfigned to educate him. This feems an Er-
planation of more Learning, than Taftt. Our Author %7as not of
fuck
,y Google
Sat. 4. . The Satires op Horace. $3
, From their Example whole Lucilius rofc.
Though different Meafures, different Verfc he chofe.
He rallied with a gay and eafy Air,
But rude his Numbers, and his Style fevere.
He weakly fancied it a glorious Feat
His hundred Lines extempore to repeat.
And as his Verfes like a Torrent roll.
The Stream is muddy, and his Waters foul.
He prattled Rhimes ; but lazy and unfit
For writing well ; for much, I own, he writ
Crifpintts thus my Littlenefs defies ;
Here make the imalleft Bett, the fioafier cries.
Crisfinus.
" Pen, Ink, and Paper — name your Place and Time :
** Then try. Friend Flaccus, who can^&fteil rhime.'*
Horace.
fuch critical Feverity, as to abofe a Writer, whofe Beauties, evea
in the Rapidity of Compofition, Slmumjiutnt tutultntta, exceeded
his Faults. An Acknowledgement of this Kind would have rrc-.
ferved our Poet from the Refentment of the Admirers of Luciliui*
Befides, after the Words emtmSde narit Horace mentions only the
Faults of Lucilius. He wrote, ikys our Author, with fo much
Rapidity, that we ihoold not wonder a great many Things efcaped
him, which were better taken out of his Works. The fame £x-
preffion returns in exa£lly the fame Senfe in the tenth Satire. Quin-
tilian undecitood the PaHage in this Manner, although he thought
the Word Unukntut a little too ftrong. San.
!«• Garrtthis.'} This kind of pratling in a Writer is a loofr,
diffufire Style, that fays very litde in a great many Words, it
means here a Fault of Compofition, not of Converfation. Sa n.
14. Minimo me provocat.} We ihould underftand pignore or prtn'o^
nor is there any Infbnce in the Latin Tongue of prevecarg mh>m»
liigito, as the Commentators explain it. A Man, when afTured of
the Truth of what he aflerts, is willing to bett a large Wager
1 a isaaH'Oati, which Hoiace means by mtMhu frwotar** Sa n •
3 18, Lofttfff-
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54 (^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. f.
HORAT.
Di bene fccerunt, inopis mc quodque pufilli
Rnxerunt animi, raro & perpauca loquentis.
At tu conclufas hircinis follibus auras
' Ufque laborantesy dum ferrum molliat ignis, 29
Ut mavis, imitare. Beatus Fannius, ultro
Delatis capfis & imagine : quam mea nemo
Scripta legat, vulgo recitare timentis, ob banc rem.
Quod funt quos genus hoc minime juvat ; utpote plures
Culpari dignos. Quemvis media arripe turba ; 25
Aut ab avaritia, aut mifer ambitione laborat.
Hie nuptarum infanit amoribus, hie puerorum :
Hunc capit argenti fplendor : ftiipet Albius acre :
Hie mutat merc6s furgente a fole, ad eum quo
Vefpeitina tepet regie : quin per mala praeceps 36
Fertur, uti pulvis colleflus turbine; ne quid
^f Summa deperdat metuens, aut ampliet ut rem.
' Omnes hi metuunt verfus, odere poetam.
Fcenum habet in cornu -, longe fuge : dummodo rifum
Exca-
18. T cquentis.'] LamWnus, who cannot bear animi hfuentit,
would have us read loquentem. But in Truth it is the Mind, efpe-
cially in Writing, that fpeaks, and the Pen is only a kind of Inter-
preter. It is an Expreiiion like that in the twelfth Line, garrulus,
17., Ultrp delatis £af fis,] When a Poet was generally efteemcd,
his Works and his Stat le were placed in the public Libraries, But
Horace congratulates Fannius upon the Happinefs of finding a Me-
thod of immortalizing his Name, without being obliged to paJTs
through the ufual Forms. He thought he had a Right to take an
Honour, which he was confcious he deferved, and perhaps imagined
it a proper Manner of refenting the public Infenfibility of his Merit,
Dac. San,
i6' Mi fer ambitione laborat, '\ This Reading, as well zs ah ava-
ritid, is cf feveral Manufcripts. Mifer agrees both with the avari-
tious and ambitious. To R . B £ n t •
29. Mutat
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Sat. 4. The Satires of Horace. 55
Horace.
Thank Heaven, that form'd me of an humbler Kind ;
No Wit, nor yet to pratling much inclined :
While thou (halt imitate the Winds, that blow
From Lungs of Leather, 'till the Metal flow.
Thrice happy Fannius, of his own free Grace,
Who in Apollo's Temple hangs his Face,
And gilds his Works to view ; while I with Fear
Repeat my Verfes to the public Ear ;
Becaufe by few fuch Works as mine are read,
Confcious of meriting the Laih they dread.
Take me a Man, at venture, from the Croud,
And he's ambitious, covetous, or proud.
One burns to Madnefs for the wedded Dame ;
Unnatural Lulls another's Breail inflame.
O'er Gold's fair Luftre, one with Rapture fighs j
For bronze Antiques the ftupid Albius dies.
The venturous Merchant, from the riflng Day
To. Regions warm'd beneath the fetting Ray,
Like Duft, collefted by a Whirlwind, flies
To feve his Pelf, or bid the Mafs arife.
All thefe dread Poets, and their Rhimes detefl—
** Yonder he drives— avoid that furious Beaft ;
"If
29. Mutat tmrcei.'] The firft Merchaints traded In an Exchange
of Merchandife. When they afterwards ufed Money, .they re«
tained the Terms cftablifhed.
29. Surgente ^ file.'} The Navigation of the Romans was ufually
confined to the Mediterranean, which runs Eaft and Weft.
35. Poetam.'\ We owe this Corre£lion to Dr. Bentley, and the
next Lille ihews the Necefiity of it.
54. Fosnum babet in eornu,'\ A metaphorical Expreflion, taken
from a Cuftom of tying Hay on the Horns of a miichievous Bull.
The Laws of the twelve Tables ordered, that the Owner of the
Beaft ihould pay for what Damages it committed, or deliver it to
P 4 the
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56 Q;^HoRATit Flaccj Satirarum Lib. t;
Excudat {M, non. hie cuiquam parcet amico : 3$
£t quodcunque femel chartis iUeverir, omnes
^Geftict a furno redeantes fcirc lacuquc,
£t pueros & anus. Agedum^ pauca accipe contra*
Primiim ego me illorum, dederim quibus efTe poetis,
Kxcerpam numero : neque enim concluderc verfum, 40
DixerJs efTe fatis : neque, ii qub fcribat, uti nos,
Sennoni propiora, putes hunc efTe poetam.
Ingenium cui fit, cui mens divlnior, atque os
Magna fonaturum, des nominis hujus honorem.
Idcirco quidam comcedia necne poema 45
f EiTet, qusefivere : qupd acer fpiritus, ac vis^
Nee verbis nee rebus ineft ; nifi quod pede certo
DifFert fermoni, fermo nierus. At pater ardens
Saevity quod meretrice nepps infanus arnica
Filius, uxorem grandi cum dote recufat ; 5P
Ebrius Sc (magnum quod dedecus) ambulat ante
No6lem cum facibus. Numquid Pomponius iiUs
Audiret leviora, pater fi viveret ? Ergo
Noil
wl^^'jed?}^^' ^' ^*^*"^' panpnitm faxit, dmttms farats,
^J?'r/'"'^^"f^l "' '^^^ Thit is the firft Proof of oi,r Poet*t
it o«.^?TH ""^ n' ^^'''"^ l^^^ ^^ ^«8uagc of his Satires ; and
iis Manner of\R*j;^?''° n ^ J Tranflators, ?f they would preferve
jiuZr^M^.Z T^' 1?' '^ ^^^^ "^'"^ ^^ "^ Expreffion of our
Author 8 Modefty, « would jjot injure their Reputation td imitate
•^^ir^Ztn^'^^^^^ »ea«
Tragic, or Lynt Poet Invent^^ Enthufiafm, which form an Epic,
try, in geneTii buTsubWvTsJn^• " '''^ '^^ Charafter of t^!
c/fome particular Kinds ^^''''^'"'''^' and Language is only
whi^hl^p"^^^^^^^ r^d, the Language alone,
iential a Hart of Epic Poetry thl^^i• ^^^.^^^^^^ of Styl7is fo ef.
tjon, and EnthufiLin in t^' LvL/?f''' "^^^^ ^^^ both Inven-
tf the Language were cdd 1m f^bU ^^^' -^^^^ »?« ^i^cZuj,
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Ssc. 4. The Sati&bs op Ho&acb. 57
•* If he may have his Jeft, he never cares
•* At whofc Expence ; nor Friend, nor Patron fpares 1
•• And if he once th' iil-natur*d Paper ftain,
♦• He joys to hear the Croud repeat the Straia."
Now hear this fhort Defence. For my own But,
I claim no Portion of the Poet's Art.
*rris not enoc^h to clofe the flowing Line,
And in ten Syllables your Senfe confine.
Or write in meer profaic Rhimes like me»
That can deferve the Name of Poetry.
Is there a Man, whom real Genius fires.
Whom the diviner Soul of Verfe in(pires ;
Who talks true Greatnefs } let him boldly claim
The (acred Honours of a Poet's Name.
Some doubt, if Comedy be juflly thought
A real Poem, fince it may be wrought
In Style and SubjeA without Fire or Force,
And, bate the Numbers, is but meer Difcourfe.
For though we fee the Father high enraged.
By a fcept Miflrefr when his Sob's engag'd,
I4or takes die portioned Maid, but deep in Drink
Keels in fahr Day-light (fiiameful) with hk Link ;
Yet cooU Pompoaius from his Father hear.
Were he alive, a Le^bire lefs kvert I
Tii
45. Owmdia tiane p^matfh.] Three Things are neceflary ta
4brm a great Poet. Riches of Inveiition j Tire of Imagination, anft
Vobkftefs t^ Styk. Bat finee Comedy hath none of theCe, it if
doubted whether it be a real Poem. This Reafooing, when con-
£aed to t\» greater Poetry, ftich aa the Tragic or Epic, is perfeftly
jl^ ; for aldiough Comedy, Satire, Fahlet, and Odes, are Speciet
of poetry, y^ Homm aaeaas the oohier Kiadf, which he calif
^ufta feemmia, Sai|.
5a. Numfuid Fmpmui ijfit.} Our Poet aflerts, that Comedy
ia» neither Spirit nor Foicci and thftwith wkafiMMi Vehemence
.D 5 of
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\
58 Q. HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. rJ'
Non fads eft puris vcrfum perfcribere verbis ;
Quern ii diilblvas, quivis ftomachetur eodem 5 5
Quo perfonatus pafto pater. His, ego qua nunc,
Olim qyac fcripfit Lucilius, eripias fi
Tempora certa modofque, & quod prius ordine vcr-
bum eft
Pofterius facias, praeponens ultima primis ;
Non (ut fi folvas : Post qu am Difcordia tetra 60
Belli ferratos poftes portafque refregit)
Jnvenias etiam disjefti membra poetae,
Hadlenus hxc : alias juftum fit necne poema.
Nunc iliud tantum quseram ; meritone tibi fit
Sufpe£lum genus hoc fcribendi. Sulcius acer 6$
Ambulat 6c Caprius, rauci male, cumque libellis ;
Magnus uterque timor latronibus : at bene ii quis
Et puris vivat roanibus, contemnat utrumqac.
Ut ii ,tu fimilis Caeli, Byrrique latronum,
Non ego fim Caprii, neque Sulci ; cur metuas me ? 70
NuUa
©f Language Demea rates his Son for his Extravagance^ it is very
little different from that, which Pomponius might expe£t from his
Father, if he were alive. It is the natural Language of the Paifions
exprel^d in Meafures,
54. Ergo non fan's eft purisj] Mr. Dacier thinks, that Horace
would not have been fo modeft with regard to his Satires, and fi>
fearful of proftituting the Name of Poet, if he had not fecured his
ewn Right to it by his Odes. This Remark is not in the ufual
Style of Commentators, who give their favourite Author all the
good Qualities they can. But although Poets, in genesal, are fuf-
ficientJy jealous of their Titlei, yet there feems to be fo much Sinw
cerity in our Author's Manner of talking of himfelf, that the Cri*
ticifm is as unjuft^ as it is unkind.
60. ^ort, ut Jl folvatA It may not be unujfeful to^onn the Con-
Amnion, Non invemat aisjeffi poeta numbra, ut fi fohas, Thefe
Verfes are taken out of an Epic Poem of Ennius, and are imitatsd
by Virgil, which gives us another Proof of their Excelkocc.
Imptdit iffa manu portat, ClT cartUnt ^ferfi
Belli fifratQS n^it Sattmia foftot
Tear
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Sat. 4. The Satires op Horaci, 59
•Tk not enough your Language to refine.
When, if you break the Meafures of the Line,
' In common Life an angry Father's Rage
h but the fame as Demea'3 on the Stage.
Take from Lucilius' Writings, or from mine.
The Cadences, and Meafures of the Line,
Then change their Order, and the Words tranfpofe,
No more the fcatter'd Poet's Limbs it (hows ;
Not fo— When hideous Difcord burfts the Bars,
And Iron Gates, to pour forth all her Wars,
Of this enough ; hereafter we fhall ihow.
Whether 'tis real Poetry, or no.
Let me now alk, if Satire fhould appear.
With Reafon, fuch an Objefl of your Fear.
Sulcius, and Caprius, fierceft of their Trade,
Hoarfe with the Virulence, with which they plead.
When through the Secrety they ftalk with Libels arm'd 5 "
Mark I how the Thieves, and Robbess are alarm'd ;
But yet the Man of honeft Hands and pure
May fcorn them both, in Innocence fecure :
Or though like Cadius ypu a Villain be,
I'm no Informer. Whence your Fears of me ?
With
Tear fuch a Poet in pieces, and every fcattcrccl Limb is animated
with the Spirit qf Poetry. The Head of Orpheus, when floating
on the, Water, uttered Sounds of Mufic and Harmony.
63. Alihjuftumjit,'\ If our Poet ever executed this Defign, it
has not bftn preferved to us.
66. Rauci male, eumfiie /iie/fis.'] Mali, extremely. Informers
prefcnted to the Judge their Informations figned with their Names,
which are hertf calkd libelli. When Caligula was killed, two Pa-
pers were found in his Cabinet, filled with the Names of thofe
whom he had refolved to put to Death. They were Informations
of Protogenca, which the Tyrant called his Sword and Dagger.
70. Nort eg9 Jim,] For/««. In the Lines following we have
haitat, rtcitem, videary fome of which the Copyifts have altered,
D 6 for
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6o (^HoRATi! pLACcr Satirarum Lib. i»
Nulla taberna meos habeat neque pila liljeilos,
Queis manus infudet vulgi Hfermogenifque Tigelli :
Keu recitem quidquam, nifi amicis, id que coadus :
Non ubivis, coramve quibuflibet. In medio qui
Scripta foro recitent, funt multi ; quique lavantes. 75
Suave locus voci refonat conclufus. Inanes
Hoc ju vat, haud illud quaerentes, num fine fenfu.
Tempore num faciant alieno. Laedere gaudes^
Inquit, & hoc ftudio pravus facis. Unde petitum
Hoc in me jacis ? efl audor quis denique eoi-um get
Vixi cum quibua? Abfentem qui rodit amicum ;
Qui non de/endit, alio culpante ; folutos
Qui captat rifus bominum, iamamque dicacis ;
Fingere qui non vifa poteft ; commiffa tacerc
Qui nequit : hie niger eft ; hunc tu, Romane^ caveto. 8^
Ssepe tribus ledis videas ccenare quaternos ;
£ quibus onus amet quavis afpergere cundos,
Praetcx
A^r want of obfeiriBg, tbat fubjttnfHve Moods are tifed with much
£Iegance in Poetry for iadicative, and that it is an ufual Manner
i»f writing in Horace. San.
71, Vulia taberna meot baheat."] Bookfellers placed their Books
for Sale in Shelves round the Pillars of public Buildings. Hermo^
genes was probably one of the (xnall People of Literature, who have
a kind of Pride in reading a Book the Moment it is publiihed^ and
are perfectly tranfported with the Sight of a Mannfcdpt.
76. Su0vt hcui voci Hfonat.'\ Seneca fpeaking of the public
Baths, a^ite iUum^ tui ve^ foa in balneo plant, Among other l/i-
conveniencies of the Bath, let us add th^ Folks, who are charmed
with the Mu£c of their own Voices.'
79. Jff^arr/.] Three ancient Manufcripts hare this Reading. It
^as a cuftomary Manner of Expreffion among the Latins, to marlc
m the third Perfon a real or fuppofed ObjeSion, made by one at
more Perfons, whether prefcnt or abfent. In^un of the commoo
Editions breaks the Mouure of the Verfe^ as the laft Syllable of it
kloflii* BfNT« Cun.'Sam*
fc- Digitized by LjOOQ IC
5at. 4. TUB Sat IMS op HojtA&i. tjf
"Witli S])ops> aiKl Stationers I never deal ;
Ko rubric Pillar fets my Works to fale.
O'er which the Hands of vulgar Readers fweat^
Or whofe foft Strains Tigellius can repeat.
Even by my Friends comperd 1 read my Lays>
Kor every Place, nor every Audience pleafe. '
Full many Bards the public Forum chufe
IJ^here to recite the Labours of their Mufe ;
Or vaulted Baths, that beft preferve the Sounds
While fweetly floats the Voice in Echoes round.
The Coxcombs never thmk at whofe Expence
They thus indulge the dear Impertinence.
** But you in Libels, mifchievous, delight^
" And never, but in Spleen of Genius, write/*
Is there, with \yhom I live, who Jcnow my Hearty
Who taught you how to aim this venomM Dart ?
He, who malignant tears an abfent Friend,
Or, when attacked by others, don't defend ;
Who trivial Burfts of Laughter fbives to raife^
And courts of prating Peti^ance the Pndfe ;
Of Thingjs he never faw who tells his Tale,
And Friendlhip's Secrets kaows not to conceal.
This Man is vile ; here, Roman, fix your Mark i
His Soul is black, as his Complexion's daiJc.
We often fee,^ among a Croud of Guefts,
Who fcatters round his cold, infipid Jefls,
And
86. Sa^ iriBut ikgHs."} There were ufually three B^ mmd' »
TaUf , and three Guefb, but ibxnetimet four or Ave 00 each Bed;
iCicero reproadies Plib, that he h^ alone while theie were five
JDtGsks on each of the other Beds.
87. U/iut ametji An> ancient Manuicript h»th preibrved' thir
lUadinc^ ui^f wlf mea&s m ladioatioa i ma %caki a Frer-
,y Google
6z Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. .»,
Praeter eum qui praebet aquam ; poft, hunc quoque potus,
Condita quum vcrax aperit praecordia Liber.
Hie tibi comis & urbanus liberque videtur, 90
Jnfello nigris : ego, fi rifi, qudd ineptus
Paftillos Ru£llas olet, Gargonius hircum,
Lividus ac mordax videar tibi ? Mentio fi qua
De Capitolini furtis injefta Petilli
Te coram fuerit ; defendas, ut tuus eft mos : 95
Mb Capitolinus convidlore ufus amico-
que a puero eft, caufaque mea permulta rogatus
Fecit, & incolumis laetor quod vivit in urbe : ,
Sed tamen admiror, quo padto judicium illud
Fugerit. Hie nigrae fuccus loliginis ; haec eft 100
^rugo mera ; quod vitium procul afore chartis,
Atque animo prius, ut fi quid promittere de me
PoiTum aliud, vere promitto. Liberius fi
Dixero quid, fi forte jocofius; hoc mihi juris
Gum
quency of A£ting 5 or if avet filled the Senfe, yet it breaks the
Conftrudtion, which would require aveat after videas.
Bint. Sam-,
88. Pneter eum, qui prstbet ofuam,'] Their Ho{^, who provided
Water for the Bath 5 a Part of their Entertainment to exprefs the
whole. It was a proverbial Manner of Expreflion, frigidam aUcui
fuffundere. To railly. The Conftrudlion may be thus formed, amtt
qua'vii frifiia cun£i9S afpergerty prater eum quiprabet aquam tepidam,
A Playfttlnefs of Words not unfrequent in our Author. Sa n,
89. Condita quum verax.'] Mr. Senadon reads Bacchus inftead of
Liber in this Line, becaufe it is repeated in the next. Yet it feems
to have been the peculiar Name for the God, who prefides over the
ibciai Freedom and Liberty of Converfation,
9 2 . Pajmiot Rufillus olet,'] The Satire of this Line was much re^
ientcd, and perhaps the Stoics in general, who made it a Point of
Morals not to be offended with the Filthinefs of Mankind, were
difobliged. I am perfuaded, fays Mr. Dacier, if thefe Philofophers
were not very dirty Creatures, they would not have taken fo much
P«in« to render us indifferent to Naftinefs.
1
94. Dt
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Sat 4. The Satires of Horace* 63
And only fpares his Hoft, until the Bowl
With honeft Freedom opes his inmoft Soul ;
Yet, though a cruel Joker you detcft.
He feems a courteous^ well-bred^ eafy Guefl.
But if in idle Raillery I faid,
Rufillus with Perfumes diftrafts my Head,
While foul Gargonius breathes a ranker Air,
You think me moft envenom'd and fevere.
If we, by Chance, that Thief Petillius name.
You, as your Cuftom is, defend his Fame.
** Petillius is my Friend ; from early Youth
" Chearful we liv'd together, and in truth
*• I have been much indebted to his Power,
" And I rejoice to find his Danger o'er.
** But, in the Name of Wonder be it faid,
" At that fame Trial how he iav'd his Head."—
Such Rancour this, of fuch a poifonous Vein,
As never, never, fhall my Paper ftain :
Much leis infe^ my Heart, if I may dare
For my own Heart, in any thing, to fwear.
Yet fome Indulgence I may juftly daimji
If too familiar with another's Farne^
This
94. De CapiuJini furth.'] The ancient Commentator tells usy
that Petilius was Governor of the Capitol, from whence he was
Called Capitolinus ; that he was accufed of ftealing a golden Crown
of Jupiter, and acquitted by the Favour of Auguftus. If there be
any Truth in this Story, for we know not where the Commentator
found it, he was more probably Airnamed for his Theft, not for his
Government of the Capitol.
99. Std tamen admrw,] This But fpoils all, and this artful, fecret
Calumny hath fomething more criminal, than the carelefs, open
Freedom of Horace. This But, as Mr. Dacier obfcnres, is of
great Ufage in modern Converfatioo.
101. Afore^ The Ut&ns fiever vfe4 «^ before /, but oar Edi.
4 tora
,y Google
^ Q^HoRATii FtACCi Satirauxjm Lib. i.
Cum venia dabis. Infuevit pgter optimus hoc mc, 105
Ut fugerem exemplis vitiprum quas<jue notando.
Quum me hortaretur, parce, frugaliter, atque
Viverem uti contentus eo quod mi ipfe par^dTet :
Nonne vides, Albi ut male vivat fill us, ut qui
Farris inops ? magnum documentum, nt patriam rem
Perdere quis velit. A turpi meretricis amore 1 1 1
Quum deterreret : Scetani diflimilis £s.
Ne fequerer mcschas, conicefia quum Venere uti
PolTem : Deprenfi non bella eft fama Trcboni,
Aiebat: fapiens, vitatu quodque petitu 1 15
Sit melius, caufas reddat tibi : mi iatis eft^ &
Traditum ab antiquls morem fervare, tuamque,
Dum cuftodis eges, vltam fkmamque tuerl
Incolumem poffum. Slmul ac duraverit aetas
Membra animumque tuum, natu^ i^e qortic^. Sic ne
Potman
tors (eem ignontot of this llttfe, grammaticd Hrudltipo, «r rathor
aegled it. The prefent Word is in three Manulcripts. San^
109.. jfii't ut maii vivat Jilius,'] Mali vivere and iitdpem tji
]uive the fame Meaning* Si gam* ^fi f^rtit mali vivere, Ovid. Jf^
it be a kind of Death, to be poor. On the contrary, bene vivere, fis*
Bifies to live luxoriouffy. Thus, to be a good Man, and to die wen,.
is our modem, mercantile Phrafe, for a rich Man, and for djring i»
good Circumftances* The Commentators imagine this Son of Albius
was the Poet TibuUus, but as our Author was only a Year or two
elder, certainly Tibullus could not have been an Example of Deba^n*
chery, when Horace received tfaefe Inftruf^ions from his Father*
The Reader may fee the Character of Tibullus in the Notes on t^
fourth Epiftle, iirft Book.
no. Z/t fut farris inofiMj] We have here » bdd Alteration pM*
vofed by Dr. Bentley, and received b}^ Mr. Sanadon and Marillius,
The common Reading is, tapte Barus inops. But Horace names only s
fingle Szample of each Vice. Scetanius is ruined by comnK>n Wo-
men, apd Trebonius h^ Adultery, theief^e it is not natural, that
^e ftould give us two Sxan^ples of Prodigality, and the magnum
doemmemtm can properly mean only one Perfbn. The Variatioii
among the Manuibnpts makes a Corre£Uon more pardonable. The
l^teft Nu9ibcr8r|#JBii«i^ ^^la^Rtmm, F^rutp gmvt, Airrwi,
♦ mi
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Sat. 4. Thb Satires op Honikcs. 65;
This from a Father's fond Indulgence flows.
Who mark'd the Folly> as to Life it rofe
In ftrong Examples. If he bad me live
Content with what his Induflry could give.
Or leave me at his Death : ** Behold, my Son^
*• Young Albius there, how wretchedly undone f
•• Yet no mean Leffon is the Spendthrift's Fate
" To caution Youth from fquandering their £iiate«*!
To fright me from the Harlot's vagrant Bed,
*• Behold Scetanius, and his Ruin dread ;"
That I might ne'er purfue the wedded Dame,'
** An honeft Venus will indulge your Flame.
** My Son, by poor Treboniiis be advis'd ;
« Sure 'tis np pleafant Tale to be furprb'd.'*
** 'Twixt right and wrong the Learned may decide^
*• With wife Diflinftions may your ConduA guide ;
** Be mine the conimon Wifdofli, that inspires
** The frugal Manners of our ancient Sires»
** And, while your Youth may yet a Tutor claim*
** To guard your Virtue, and pfeferve your Famc.^
" But foon as Time confirms, with ftronger Tone,
'' Your Strength and Mind, your Condud be youi
own.'*
Thus
tjsd Bonus. Vt fui, which ix.of grcitt Coiiicqii«ace to the pteieat
R^ftiQSy ^lipesrs plainly .|n OQiepf them* The TraoHator hat)L
.sever ventured a fingle Alteration of the Text upon his own Conjec-
tures, but. would here willingly read ^nsf'riops. It is at leaft of
daflical Autnority, Mm^apau^ertei, at^tssrin inops. Juvenal.
113. CoKcefa fuum Ventre uti.1 Our Commentators underfiaiid
^e Words as an Ind&lgence.to converfing with common Women*,
dt this was not. the Morality of this good Father, who cautions his
Son againft a vicioua ^onim^ce with~Profiitutes by theSiample of
r%et^us. The VefljM here js^the Vei^us of MHttiiifnoQy, whom.
(P^^tfinji pla(;es ^^tjfp Mjinp^ ^fOfaa^tH^ Q^ds and Ooddefles^.
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46 (^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum lib. t.
Formabat pucrum di6lis ; & five jubcbat rzi
Ut ^cerem quid : Habcs audlorem, quo facias hoc ;
Unum ex judicibus feledlis objiciebat :
Sive vetabat : An hoc inhoneftum & inutile fa£lu
Necnefit» addubites, flagret rumore >malo quum 125
ttic atque ille ? Avidos vicinum funus ut aegros
Ejcanimaty mortifque metu iibi parcere cogit ;
Sic teneros animos aliena opprobria faepe
Abftcrrent vitiis. Ex hoc ego fanus ab illis,
Perniciem quascunque ferunt : mediocribus, & queis 130
Ignofcas^, vitiis teneor. FortaiTis & iftinc
Largiter abftulerit longa setas, liber amicus,
Confiliutn proprium. Neque enim, quum ledkulus aut me
Porticus cxcepit, defum mihi : Reftius hoc eft ;
Hoc faciens vivam melius : ilc dulcis amicis 135
Occurram : hoc quidam non belle : numquid ego iUi
Imprudens olim faciam fimile ? Haec ego mecum
Compreffis agito labris. Ubi quid datur oti
Illudo chartis. Hoc eft mediocribus illis
£x vitiis unum : cui ii concedere nolis, 140
Multa
laj. Unum ex judieibut fekSit,'^ The moft emiiient, and of
grcateft Authority among the Senatorial Order 5 an Order called
SanStiJpmus, Torrentius thinks the Poet means the Judges, whom
the Praetor chofc out of all Degrees of the Magiftracy to relieve and
af!ift him in his Office. But this good Father would probably have
taken his Examples out of a more numerous^ yet sot lefs venerable,
Order, Dac.
J 3 1. FortaJJii &f xfiineT^ Horace propofes to corrcdt his paft Life
by the Affiftance of *rime. Advice of Friends, and his own Re-
flection. The two laft are moft valuable 5 for Age, it muft be
confelTed^ rather changes our Follies, than pcrfeftly fubdij.es thepi.
It takes away fome, but gives us others in their Pkcc j nor'is it
cafy to decide which kind is more.fupportable. Sak.
132. Lxb» amicus,'] A Hncere Friend iS indeed an invaluable
Treafure, but how few deferve it ? Sinceifey can never enter into
thofe Engagements^ which are founded upon iMei^ or Vice. But
while
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Sat. 4. The Satires of Horace. 67
Thus did he form my Youth with lenient Hand ;
Whea he for Virtue urg'd the foft Command,
Pointing fome awful Senator to view,
'* His grave Example conlbutly purfue."
Would he difiuade me ? *' Can you doubt, he cries,
'* That equal Ruin and difhonour ri(e
" From fuch an Adlion, when that ScoundrePs Name
*' Is branded with the flagrant Marks of Shame V\
For, as when neighbouring Funerals affright
The Patient, who indulged his Appetite
And bid him fpare himfelf, we often find.
Another's Shame alarms a tender Mind.
Thus, pure from more pernicious Crimes I live ;
Some venial Frailties you may well forgive.
For fuch I own I have j and yet even thefe,
A Length of Time, although by flow Degrees,
A. Friend fincere, who can with Candour love.
Or my own Reafon, fhall perhaps remove j
For in my Bed, or in the Collonade
Sauntering, I call Reflexion to my Aid.
" This was well done. Here Happinefs attends.*
** This Condu6l makes me pleafing to my Friends.
*' Were that Man's Actions of a beauteous Kind ?
" Oh ! may I never be to fuch inclined."
Thus, filently I talk my Conduct o'er.
Or trifle with the Mufe an idle Hour ;
For which, among my Frailties, I demand
Forgivenefs, and fhall call a powerful Band,
If
while we aflc tlit Advice of our Friends, we fteuld not abandon or
neglect ourfelves. -#»r own Reafon Aould be called to our Aflif-
tance. San. Dac.
140. Cut f eoncedJ^ nolis,^ Our Poet pleafantly reckons hk
Elumlne among his Faults, but whOe he hopes to correA his othe«
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68 C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. I
Multa poetanun veniat manus, auxilio quae
Sltmihi (nam multo plures fumus) acvdutite j
Jiidaei, cogamus in hanc concedere turbam.
Follies^ he Kfeires this for a peculiar Indalgence, and expels thafl
faifi Friends ihall ufe it with Tendernefs and Complaiiance. San.[
j\%. At *utlnti u yudau] Horace knows not any better Revesgck
sgainft the Enemies of Poetey, than to force them to become Pocti
themfelves. This Pleafantry arifes from the profelyting Spirit of
Sat. V.
EGRESS UM magna me accepit AriciaRoma
Hofpitio modico : rhetor comes Heliodorus^
Grxcorum longe do^ffinous : inde Foriun Appi
DifFertum nautis, c^uponibus atque malignis.
Hoc iter ignavi diviiimusy altius ac nos * 5
Prsecindis, unum : minus eJd gravis Appia tardis.
Hic egOy propter aquam, quod erat teterrima, ventri
Indico bellum, coenantes haud animo aequo ^■
£xpe6lans comites. Jam Nox inducere terris
Umbras, Sc coelo diiFundere figna parabat : 10
Turn pueri nautis, pueris convicia nautae
Ingererc : Hue appelle : treccntos inferis : ohc !
Jam
0£bvius and Antony, both afpirmg to the fovereign Power,
muft neceflfarily have had frequent Quarrels and DifTentions. Their
Reconciliations were of ihort Continuance, hecaufe they were ia-
lincere. Among many Negotiations, undertaken by their coir mon
Friends, to reconcile them, Hiftory mentions two morepartiiilarly*.
The fiijd in the Y«ar 7x4 $ tJike other in 7x7, whif# was concluded'
by the Mediation of Odavia, and to which Ji^ Po^ was casiied bf
Maeccni^s. His Tourney is defcribed in this Sltire, which is a iuuAfi
Model of the .Han;atiYe9.4U^ J^ knf/^ <4ca joitated bf oor tn«
veliinjjpafdfc ^ Sa¥»
Vcrf,
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jSat. 5. The Satiies op Horace. 69
I If you refufe, of Poets to my Aid
I (Well fraught with Numbers is the rhiming Trade)
To force you, like the profelytjng Jews,
, To be, like us, a Brother of the Mufe.
the Jews, who infinuated themfclres into Families ; entered into
; the Courts of Juftice 5 difturbed the Judges, and were always more
fuccefsful in proportion as they were more impudent. Such Is the
Charader given them by St. Ambrof6.
Sat. V.
WITH Heliodorus, who by far poflcft
More Learning, than the Tribe of Greeks
profeft.
Leaving Imperial Rome I took my Way
To poor Aricia, where that Night I lay.
To Forum-Appii thence we fleer, a Place
Stuff*d with rank Boatmen, and with Vintners bafe.
And laggard into two Days Journey broke
What were but one to lefs incumbered Folk ;
The Appian Road, however, yields moil Pleafuie
To thofe, who chufe to travel at their Leifure.
The Water here was of fo foul a Stream
Againft my Stomach I a War proclaim,
And wait, though not with miich good-humour wait.
While with keen Appetites my Comerades eat.
The Night o*er Earth now fpread her du&y Shade,
And through the Heavens her ftarry Train difplay'd ;
What Time, between the Slaves and Boatmen rife
Quarrels of clskmorotts Rout. The Boatman cries.
Step
Terf. 1. ffafith mJico,'] In Opposition to mfigag Roma, for
«therwif« Aricia was so contemptible Villagf .
IS -/<*>»-
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*^ Q;^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. I*
Jam fatis eft. Dum'tes exigitur, dum mula ligatur,
Tota abit hora. Mali slices, ranaeque paluftres
Avertunt fomnos. Abfentem ut cantat amicam 15
Multa prolutus vappa nauta, atque viator
Certatim ; tandem feflus dormire viator
Incipit ; ac miflae pailum retinacula mulae
Nauta piger faxo religat, ftertitque fupinus.
Jamque dies aderat, nil quum procedere lintrem 20
Sentimus ; donee cerebrofus profilit unus,
Ac mulae nautaeque caput lumbofque faligno
Fufte dolat. Quarta vix demum exponimur hora.
Ora manufque tua lavimus, Feronia, lympha,
Millia turn pranii tria repimus, atque fubimus 25
Impoiitum Ifaxis late candentibus Anxur.
Hue venturus erat Maecenas, optimus atque
Cocceius, miffi niagnis de rebus uterque
Legati, averfos foliti componere amicos.
Hic oculis ego nigra meis cqjlj^ria lippus 50
Illinere. Interea Maecenas advenit, atque
Cocceius,
15. Ahfentm ut eantat amieam,'] Ut, five dutUy cantat nauta (^.
viator arnicas j tandem fomno viator offprimitur.
Nam ut numtrabatur forte argentum, intervenit homo dt improvtfi,
Terent. Bent. San,
aa. Saligno fufit dolat, -^ The Wood, of which this Cudgel was
made, is not idly mentioned, for the Tree grew on the Water-fide.
23. S(uarta hora,] The Romans during more than four hundred
and fifty Years never had Names for the Hours of the Day. The
twelve Tables divided it into three Parts 5 the rifing Sun, the fetting
Sun, and Mid-day. The Hours of Night and Day were equal in
Number through the Year, but from Spring, to Autumn, thofe of
the Day were longer than thofe of the Night, and from September
to March the Hours of Night were longer.
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Sat. f . The Satires of Horace. 71'
Step in my Matters ; when with open Throat,
•• Enough, you Scoundrel ; will you fink the Boat?",
Thus, while the Mule is hamefs'd, and we pay
Our Freights, an Hour in wrangling flips away.
The fenny Frogs with Croakings hoarfe and deep.
And Gnats loud-bu2zing, drive away our Sleep.
I>rench'd in the Lees of Wine the wat'ry Swain,
And PaiTenger, in loud alternate Strain
Chaunt forth the abfent Fair, who warms his Breaft,
*TiIl wearied Faffenger retires to Reft.
Our dumfy Bargeman fends his Mule to graze.
And the tough Cable to a Rock belays.
Then fnores fupine ; but when at rifing Light
Our Boat ftood ftiU, up ftarts a hair-brain*d Wight ;
With Sallow Cudgel breaks the Bargeman's Pate,
And bangs the Mule at a well-favour'd Rate.
Thence onward labouring with a World of Pain
At ten, Feronia, we thy Fountain gain ;
There land and bathe ; then after Dinner creep
Three tedious Miles, and climb the rocky Steep
Whence Anxur fhines. Maecenas was to meet
Cocceius here, to fettle Things of Weight :
For they had oft in Embaffy been join'd.
And reconciled the Mailers of Mankind.
Here while I bath'd my Eyes with cooling Ointment
They both arrivM according to Appointment ;
Fonteius
29. Aoirfos foliti e^mpofure asmtos, ] Three Particulars demon-
ftratc, that this Journey was to the fecond Conference at Brundu-
fiam« Fonteius is here joined with Maecenas and Cocceius, but
was not engaged in the firft. ' The Poet Tays, that Maecenas and
Cocceius had been before employed to' reconcile 0£(avius and An-
tony, folitf, which muft neteffarily fuppofe the firft Congrefs in
7i4> when Horace had not been introduced to Maecenas* Masson*
fa. jfd
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j2 C^HoRATix FlAcci Satirarum Lib. !•
Cocceius, Capitoqae fimul Fonteius^ ad unguem
Partus homo s Antoni, non ut magis alter, amicus.
Fundos Aufidio Lufco praetore libenter
Linquimus, infani ridentes praemia fcribae, 35
Practcxtam, & latum clavum, priinaeque batillum.
In Mamurrarum laifi deinde urbe manemus,
Murena prsbenCe domum, Capitone culinam.
PoUera lux oritur multd gratiflima } namqae
Plotius & Varius Sinueffae, Virgiliufque 40
Occurrunt ; animSy quales neque candidiores
Terra tulit; neque qucis me fit devinftior alter.
O qui complexus^ & gaudia quanta faerunt !
Nil ego contulerim jucundo fanus amico.
Proxima Campatio ponti quae villiila tcdhun 45
Prsebttit : & parochi, quas debent, ligna falemque.
Hinc
3S. Ad wigumftShis ^Mn.] This figaratire Expreffion is takes
from Eograven in Wood or Marble^ who ufed to pafs their Nail
over the Work, to know whether it were well poliihea. Erasmus.
54, Priftore,'] The Colonics and municipal Towns had the fame
Dignities and Mag^ftracies as the City of Rome : Senators, Prae-
tors, Quzftors and Ediles. It is difficult to know whether Fundi
had a Praetor chofen out of her own Citizens, or whether he waa
fent from Rome. To a .
3jr. Framia firiBa,] Horace calls thefe Robes framia fcHB^,
beorofe the Secretaries m Colonies and municipal Towns were fre-
quently raifed to the Digni^ of die PraetorlOiip. It^ is pleafant
«noogh to fee this little Magiftrate in his Infolcnce of O'Mcc, fhew-
ing forth the Pride of his Employment. The toga pratexta was a
Robe bordered with Purple. Tttnita cla^ata was a Veft with two
Borders of Purple laid like a Lace upon the Middle or Opening of
it, down to the Bottom \ in fuch a Manner, as that when the Veil
was drawn clofe or buttoned, the two purple Borders joined and
fcemed to be but one. If thcfe Borders were large,, the Veft was
called latut e/avus, or tunica latidavia 5 if they were narrow, then
It was named anguj^vs clavus, tunica angtifticlavia^ Thefe two
k ^ ^ Tunics were worn to diftinguiA the Magiftratcs in
thtir Employments, and were very different ixom' thofc worn by
the
,y Google
I
Sat. $• Thb Satires of Horace. 7}
Fonteius too> a Man of Worth approvM,
Withoat a Rival by Antonius lov*d.
Laughing we leave an Entertainment rare.
The paultry Pomp of Fundi*s foolifli Mayor,
The Scrivener Lufcus : now with Pride elate.
With Incenfe fum'd, and big with Robes of State.
From thence, our wearied Troop at Formise refb,
Murena*s Lodgers, and Fonteius* Gaefts.
Next riiing Morn with double Joy we greet.
When we with Plotiujj, Varius, Virgil meet :
Pure Spirits thefe ; the World no purer knows ;
For none my Heart with fuch AfFedion glows.
flow oft did we unbrace ! Our Joys how great !
^For fure no Bleiling in the Power of Fate
Can be compar'd, in Sanity of Mind,
To Friends of fuch companionable Kind.
Near the Campanian Bridge that Night we lay.
Where public Officers our Charges pay.
Early
the common IVople tunUatd pepilhy ^hich were clofed before, and
withoat v^ purple Border. They were called tunic^e reQ^t, San.
PrunajMt batilltm.'^ A Pan for Incenfe, frequently carried be-
fore the Emoerors, or thofe poffeflcd of the fovere^gn Authority.
37. In Mamurrarum urbej\ The Stroke of Satire here is of a de-
licate and almoft imperceptible Malignity. Formi«, the City which
Horace means, belonged to the Lamian Family, whofe Antiquity
was a great Honour to it. But our Poet paraphrafes it by the
Name of a Perfon, who wts born there, and who had made his
Country famous in a very different Manner. Mamurra was a Ro-
man Knight, infamous for his Rapine, Luxury and Debauchery.
Catullus calls him DecoQor Formianus, Tor.
40. Pktius & yiarius,] Were the Perfons to whom Auguftus in-
trufted the Corre£^ion of the /Emid after Virgil's Death, but with
as Order not to make any Additions to it.
46. Pare<bi.'\ Before the Confulfhip of Lucius Pofthumius, the
Magiftrates of Rome travelled at the public Charge, without being
burthenfome to the Provinces. Afterwards Commiflaries were ap-
pointed in the great Roads to defray all Expences of them, who
were employed in the Bufiiiefs of the State They were obliged
Voitlll.. E by
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74 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satiraruia Lfi). i.\
Hinc mull Capuae clusllas tempore ponant.
Lafum it Maecenas, dormicum ego Virgiliu(que :
Namque pila lippis inimicam Sc ludere crudis.
Hinc nos Coccei recipit plenifiima villa, 50
Quas fuper eft Caudi cay^nas. Nunc mihl paucis
Sarmend fcurne pugnam Mefsique Cicirri,
Muiky velim memores ; & quo patre natus uterque
Contulerit Utes. Mefsi clarum genus — Ofci :
Sannenti domina extat. Ab his majoribus orti 5$ .
Ad pugnam venere. Prior Sarmentus : £qui te
EfTe ferifimilem dico. Ridemus ; 8c ipfe
Meiliusy accipio : caput & movet. O ! tua corna
Ni foret exfo^o frons, inquit, quid fitceres, quunt
Sic mutilus miniteris ? At illi foeda cicatrix 60 *
Sctofam laevi frontem turpaverat oris.
Campanum in morbum, in faciem permulta jocatiis,
Paftorem ialtaret uti Cydopa, rogabat :
Nil illi l^a aut tragicis opus efie cothumis.
Malta
by the Lex yuSa de Prtmnais to provide Lodgips, Futg Salt^ Hay^
Straw.
fi^ Nunc mibi paucis.1 Thit little Scene is of much natural
Pleafantry, raifed by a fpirited Ridicule. The Poet invokes his
4Af ufe with much Solenmity to defcribe an Aflion of fitch Impor-
tance, and gives us the Genealogy of his Combatants, as if they
wcre Heroes worthy of an Epic Poem. San,
S%. CicirriJ] This was probably a Kick-name, for Geirrut in
Greek fignifies a Cock. Aldus vril the firft Editor, who read Cu
terms, contrary to the Manufcripts and all former Editions.
Bint. San.
54. Ofch'\ Is a Nominative Cafe, and we muft conftrue it, Ofd
furu clarum genui Mejii, The Ofcians gave to Meffius his illufiriouji
Birth. The Break is of a peculiar Malignity, c/arum geHtit^^-.0/a,
for the Line begins as if Meffius were defcended from fome illufbi-
ous Family, when the Poet inftantly undeceives his Readers by fay-
ing, that his Hero was an Ofcian ^ a fufficient Proof that he was
an infamous Scoundrel. The People, who inhabited this Part of
Campania were guilty of fuch execrable Debaucheries, as we ought .
•ottonasM, The Tcxy Id€a of then it impure. San.
5S« Sarm«i
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Sat. $; Thi Sati&es op Hqracs. f^
Early next Morn to Capua we came;
Maecenas goes to Tennis ; hartfol Game
To a weak Appetite, and tender Eyes,
So down to fleep with Virgil Horace h'es.
Then by Cocceius we were nobly treated,
Whofe Houfe above the Caudian Tavem^s felted.
And now, O Mufe, in faithful Nnmben tell
The memorable Squabble that befel.
When Meffius and Sarmentus join'd in Fight,
And whence defcended each illoftriouf Wight.
The high-bom Meffius — from vileOiid came»
His Mifbefs might her Shve Sarmentus claim.
From fuch fam*d Anceftry our Champions rife—
Hear me, thou horfe-&c*d Rogue, Sarmentus cries ;
We laugh ; when Meffius, throwing up his Head,
Accepts the Challenge. O, Sarmentus fiud.
If you can threaten now, what would you do.
Had not the Horn been rooted out that grew
Fall in thy Front. A Gafh, of foul Difgrace,
Had hurt the grifly Honours of his Face.
Then on his Country^s inian\ous Dijeafes,
And his foul Vifage, many a J<^e he raifes.
He bids him, like the one-ey^d Cyclops dance $
*' He neither Maik, nor tragic Bufkins wants. *^
Meffius
5^. S^rmemi dmins gxtat,] Not til the Learning of the Com-
mentatort can determine who Sarmentus was. The Name is men-
tioned by feverai Authors, but the Chandler by no means agrees
wkh our Hero.
58. jicei^*.] I accept tb* Challeiigt, Saying this, Meffius fhoofe
his Head, with a threatning Air, like an angry Bull : From whence
the next Pleafantry, tua t^mu, yw forget your Horn toa$ cut cut /•
^event your being mifcbie^fout.
6;. Sa/taret uti Cyelofa,] The Raillery is founded on his gigan-
tic Size, and the villainous Gafh, that Mdfius had on bis Forehead,
which made him look fo like Polyphemus, that he might dance the
Part without Buikins or a Maik. To dance a CycWpS;^ * Glaucui,
E » . . »
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76 ; Q^^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. I.
Multa Cicirrus ad haec : Donaflet jamne catenam 65
Ex voto Laribus, quarebat : fcriba quod eflet,
NihOo deterius dominae jus efle. Rogabat
Deniqub, cur unquam fugiiTet^ cui fatis una
Farris libra foret, gracili fie, tamque pufillo*
Prorfus jucunde coraam produximus illam. yo
Tendimus hinc reda Beneventuniy ubi fedulus ho(pes
Pene arfit, n^ros dum turdos verfat in igni :
Nam vaga per veterem dilapfo flamma culinam
VulcanOy fummum properabat lambere tedum.
Convivas avidos coenam, fervofque timentes 7j
Turn rapere, atque omnes refUnguere velle vidercs.
Incipit ex illo montes Appulia notos
Oflentare mihi, quos torret Atabulus ; & quos
Nunquam erepfemus, nifi nos vicina Trivici
Villa recepiflet, kcrymofo non fine fumo ; ' 80
Udos cum foliis ramos urente camino.
Quatuor
a Ganymede^ a Leda^ was an Exprdfion for reprefenting their Stoiy
by dancing. VelUius PatereuJus gives us a moft extraordiiilary De-
icription of Munatius Plancut dancing a Sea-God. He was naked ;
his Body was painted with a Sea-green Colour; his Head was
crowned with Reeds, and dragging the Tail of a Fiih after him
he danced upon his Knees.
$5. Donajfet jamnt catenam*'] Only the vileft Slaves, or thofe
who worked in the Country, were chained. It appears by an
Epigram of Martial, that when they were fet at Liberty, they con-
fecrated their Chains to Saturn, becaufe Slavery was unknown un-
der his Reign. But when Meffius aiks Sarmentus whether he had-
dedicated his Chain to the Dii Lares, he would reproach him with
being a Fugitive. Thefe Gods were invoked by Travellers, be-
caufe they prefided over High-ways, from whence they were called
viales. They themfelves were always reprefented like Travellers,
as if they were ready to leave the Houfe ; fuccinSii. Or Sarmentus
was a Slave fo vile, as that [he knew no other Gods, than thoie
who flood on the Hearth, and which it was his Employment to
keep clean' Dac.
67.- Nibih dettrius.'\ This Line begins with an Anapeft, like
that in the iccond Epifile of the fecood Book, Febmtnt & Ufuidw
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Sat. ^. The Satires of Horace. 77
Meffiiis reply'd in Virulence of Strain ;
** Did you to Saturn confecrate your Chain ?
** Though you were made a Scrivener finceyour Flight,
** Yet that fhall never hurt your Lady's Right.
** But, prithee, wherefore did you run away f
" Methinks, a fmgle Pound of Bread a day
*' Might fuch a fleek thin-gutted Rogue content ;'*
And thus the jovial Length of Night we fpent.
At our next Inn our Hoft was almoft burn*d»
While fome lean Thrufhes at the Fire he tum'd*
Through his old Kitchen rolls the God of Fire»
And to the Roof the vagrant Flames afpire.
But Hanger all our Terrours overcame.
We fly to fave our Meat and quench the FlameJ
Appnlia now my native Mountains fliows.
Where the North- Wind with nipping Sharpncfi blows^
Nor could we well have dimb'd the fteepy Height
Did we not at a neighbouring Village bait.
Where from green Wood the fmotherii^g Flames arife^
And with a fmoky Sorrow fill our Eyes. ^
Itt
fur^qugjimillimus amtii. Our Author, as Dr. Bentlejr well obfenres,
always ufes nibiio before his comparative* Nihile plmt accipias.
Nibslo fapientius, Nibih fapientior, Nibita phs explicet. Tiic
beft Manufcripts have preferved the prefent Reading, and it has
been received by feven Editions.
6S. Cut fat is una. Sec] By the Laws of the twelve Tables, a
Slave was allowed a Pound of Corn a day. ^ turn nfinpum babe*
bit, Ubrasf arris in dies dato. Tu« n x B tf s •
70. Prorfus juaindi etenamJ] Some delicate Folks have been
aftoniihed, how Horace and his Friends could find fo much Plea-
fure in this Adventure. But we fliould remember, that People,
. fatigued with their Journey, are willing to encourage any Diverfion,
that may raife their Spirits. Befides, we ihould diftinguifli between
the ridiculous and agreeable, ridiaUum & nfnmfium\ between a
Theriites and a Cupid. Laughter neither can, nor ought to arife
but from fomewhat ridiculous. The Agreeable is always ferious*
For my own part, (ays Mr. Dacier, this little Incident extremely
pleafes me, and I ihould fafpe^ my own Tafle, if X did not laugh,
E 3 where
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^8 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
QaatQor hinc rapimur vi^d Se millia rhedis,
Manfuri oppidalo» qaod verfa dicere non eft ;
Signis perfacile eft. Venit viliffima renim
Hic aqua ; fed panis longe pulchenimus, ultro 85
Callidiis ut foleat humeris portare viator :
Nam Canusi lapidofos ; aquae non ditior uma.
Flentibus hic Varius difcedit mceftus amicis.
Inde Rubos feffi pervenimus ;, utpote longum
jCarpentes iter, & £idum corruptius imbrL 99
fPofteratempeftasmelior» via pejor, adu(que
Ban moenia ^icoil. Dein Gnatia lymphis
Iiatis
where hUfctxM, PlotiaSy Variui, Cocceius, VirgU and Hono^
could find Matter of Mirth*
ys. Macros dum turdot,'] This Arrangement of the Words ap-
pears in two Manufcripts, but has been changed by the Onunma-
rians into fem macros arjit, for the fake of a fmoother Cadence,
' though it perplexes the Conftrudlion. But our Poet was very little
curious about the Cadence of his Verfes, e(pecially in his' Satires^
and his CarelefTnefs hath been efteemed one of his Beauties.
Mr. Dacier would make ufe of thcfe Thruihcs to proyc, that this
Journey muft have been in the latter End of September, or Begin-
ning of OAober, and confequently cannot agree with the Negocia-
tions at Brundu/ium in 717. tut thefe Thruflies, unluckily for
the Critic, are faid to be lean, becaufe it was yet early Summer*
They are fat, and in high Seafon, in September and Odober by
. feeding on the Vintage. Saw,
^3* Ofpiduh fuod ^erftt dicere non eftj] We are loft in following
. Horace among the Mountains of his Countrry* The Commenta-
tors tell us, this unpoetical Town was called Equus Tmtieus or J^aw.
tuticum, and there was indeed a Town of that Name on the Appian
Road, about twenty Miles from Beneventum. But the Poet reckons
" «ight between Trivicum and this Town, that he does not name $ to
which if we add the Diftance from Beneventum to Trivicum, we
ihall find the Journey half as long again as the Road from Beneven-
tum to Efuus ^uticus. One thing however we may learn from this
Paflage, that the Profody of proper Names was not left to the Dif-
cretion of the Poets, when we fee Horace omitting the Name of a
Town, rather than violate the Meafures of his Vcrfe. Sa n.
84. Fiit^ma rerum.Jl We have dukijjime r#r«m in Horace, and
ptdeberrime rerum in Ovid. The Word reruns is equally ufelcfs in
■all thefe Expreffions, but it was a Manner of fpeaking received in
the natural and familiar Style. The Poet does not abfolutely com-
plain.
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Sat. 5* The Satiubs op Houaci. 79
In Coaches thence at a large Rate we came
Eight Leagnesy and baiced at a Town, whofe Name
Cannot in Verfe and Meafures be expreft.
But may by Marks and Tokens well be gueil.
Its Water, Nature*s cheapeft Element,
Is bought and fold ; its Bread, moil excellent j
Which wary Travellers provide with Circ,
And. on their Shoulders to Canulium bear,
. Whofe Bread is fandy, and its wealthieft Stream
'Poor as the Town*s of unpoetic Name.
Here Varius leaves us, and with Tears he goes :
With equal Tendemeft our Sorrow flows.
Oawaid to Robi weanly we toil'd.
The Journey long, the Road with Rain was fpoil^d.
To Barium, fiun'd for Fifli, we leach'd next Day»
The Weather fairer, but much worfe the Way.
Then
f lain, that they fold their Water, for this was generally done when
It was brought from any confiderable DiAance, but he complains,
that their Hoft fold it to his Guefts. Sa m .
87. Num Cmari/.] The common Editions read nest to this Line,
^M loemt 2tfirtl Ditmtde ^ twMtui dim, which was probably in-
ferted Sy fome Grammarian as a Proof of his Learning, and to de-
Icribto^ more particularly the Town of Bptttutieum, But it hath
been proved that this was not the Town which Horace meant. Be*
fides, the Conftrudtion of the Verfe is vicious, and its Ezpreffion
faulty* Laemm t9iidtre is a manner of fpeaking unknown to Writers
of pure Latinity, and the Scholiafts, who would certainly have
made iome Remark on a Line of this Confequence, have not even
mentioned it in their Notes. Their Silence is a fenfible Proof, that
it veas not in their Manufcripts. For thefe Reafons, confirmed by
the Authority of Dr. B^tley, Mr. Sanadon and MarveiUius, it
hath been left out of the prefent Edition.
91. Cnatia,] Otherwife called EgMfia, There are two Mean«
inga in the Original IratU lympbit extruffa^ which the Tranilation
hath endeavoured to preferve. " The firft fays, the Town was built
in dcfpite 6f the Waters, as if they were offended at its being built s
the fecond, that Its Inhabitants were Vifionaries, Lunatics^ ^J"^'
tici, hom tratit fyii^bist
E 4 .95. Cridat
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•o CLHoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib, I,
Iratis ex(ru£ia dedit rifiifque jocofque,
Dum fiammis fine thura liquefcere limine facro
Perfuadere cupit. Credat Judaeus Apella, 95
Non ego : namque Deos didici fecurum ago'e aevom ;
Nee, fi quid miri faciat Natura, Deos id
Trifles ex alto cceli demit^ere tedo.
Brunduiiam longse finis chartaeque viasque.
g^, Credat Judaui Apetta.'\ The Jews were efieemed by the An-
cients a fupcrftitioiis, credulous Race of People. ApeHa vrm pro-
bably the Name of fome remarkable Jew at Rome. ApelUt, ApelUt^
jSpolh, Apelloy and jipoUot were Contractions of ApoUodonis. S a m*
. The Word has been generally underftood, Apetta, JintfeUe. Cir«
cumeifed.
96. Namfue Dios didiei.^ Such were the Gods of Epicunis ; in-
dolent, and ufelefs to Mankind, confequently unworthy of Adoni.
tion. Tlie Name of Nature was ufed to explain any miraculous, or
unaccountable AA of Providence, or the Power of Fortune was
S AT. VI. Jd MiECENATEM.
NO N, quia, Maecenas, Lydorum quidquid Etrafcos,
Incoluit fines, nemo generofior eft te ;
.Nee quod avus tibi maternus fuit atque paternus,
Olim qui magnis Icgionibus imperitarent j
Ut
A genealogical Table, true or lalfe,,cf illuftrious Anceftors : a
large Bftate : a numerous Equipage, and conilderable Employments,
are what we generally call noble, £ut Virtue judges in a very dif-
ferent Manner. She takes the Great from amidft the Grandeur,
which furrounds him : UndrclTes him of th^ Vanity, that difguiies
him, and rates the Value of the Man by th« Man himfelf. Under
the fair Appearance of Nobility fhe frequently £nds a Fool, a Vi'-
lain, or a Coward j and in a plebeian Obfcurity difcovers a real
Greatnefs of Sentiments and Probity of Manners. As right Reafon
is of all Countries, the Wife in all Ages have fpoken on this Sub-
je£l in one uniform, conftant Manner. Such is the Language of
the prefent Satire, which contains many valuable Remarks upon
true Nobility ; upon the Choice^ that great Men ought to make of
their
.yGoQgle
Sat 6. The Satires of Horace. 8i
Then water-corsM Egnatia gave us Joke,
And Laqghter great, to hear the moon-Hnick Folk
Affert, if Incenfe on their Altars lay.
Without the Help of Fire it melts away.
The Sons of Circumcifion may receive
The wonderous Tale, which I fhall ne'er bdieve j
For I have better learn'd, in blifsful Eafc
That the good Gods enjoy immortal Days,
Nor anxioufly their native Skies forfake.
When Miracles the Laws of Nature break.
From thence our Travels to Brundufium bend.
Where our long Journey, and my Paper end.
fubftituted in the Place of a Deity. A Concern for Mortals was
too ferious, triftisy for Gods, whofc whole Being was Pleafure*
99. Brundu/iunty'] Was about three hundred and fixty Miles from
Rome. They performed the Journey in fifteen Days j about four
and twenty Miles a Day,
S A T. VI. 7*<? MiE C E N A S.
THOUGH, fmce the Lydians filled the Tufcan
Coafts,
No richer Blood than yours Etruria boafls ;
Though your great Anceftors could Armies lead.
You don't, as many do, with Scorn upbraid
The
their Friends, and upon the Advantages of a good Education.
^m^ San.
Verf. 1. ty^rum^idquid Etrujcou^ Mr. Dacier, upon the
fingle Authority of Dionyfius Halicarnaffenfis, aflcrts that the
Tufcans were not defcended from the Lydians. Yet Horace had a
poetical Right to the Tradition, as it was generally believed, al-
though it might poflibly be falfe. But it \i fupported by Herodotus,
TuUy, Virgil, Strabo, Servius, Pliny, Tacitus, VcUeius, Seneca,
Plutarch, Vaicritts Maximus, Silius and Stataus, ' San.
E 5 ^» j'-'^*'*
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tt Q. HoRATii Flacci Satirahum Lib. i.
Ut plerique folent, nafo fafpendis adonco 5
Ignocos, ut me libertino patre natum :
Quum refgfre negas^ quali fit quifque parente
Natus^ dum ingenuus. Perfoades hoc tibi vere.
Ante poteftatem TuUi atque ignobile regnum,
Multos fxpe viros nulb's majoribus ortos, 10
£t vixiiTe prpbos, amplis & honoribus audos :
Contra, Laevinum, Valeri genus, unde Superbus
Tarquinius regno pulfus fugit, unius aflis
Non unquam pretio pluris llcuiiTe, notante
Judice, quo noili, populo ; qui ftultus honores 1^
Saepe dat indignis, Sc famae fervit ineptus ;
Qui fhipet in titulis Se imaginibus. Quid oportet
Nos facere a vulgo longe longeque remotos ?
Namque eilo, populus Laevino mallet honorem
Quam Decio mandare novo : cenforqae moveret ao
Appius,
6. Libirtim fain nataau] In the firft Ages of the RepuUic A-
iirtimui and liherti filiui had the fame Signification j out fome
Time before Cicero, as we are iilformed by Suetoniva, the Manner
of fpeaking was changed, and from thence libertug and liherthma
were uied as ^nonynoous Terms to fignify a Man, who iieas made
ftee. San.
II. Loffinum, yaUrul Horace does not pofitively (ay, that Lae-
'vinua was defcended from Valerius Poplicoia, who affifted Brutus
in dethroning Tarqum, bnt only that- he was of the fame Family*
The Surnames of Laevinus and Poplicoia were given to two Branches
of the Valerian Houfe $ the firft Plebeian, the other Patrician. He,
who is mentioned here, lived iii fuch Obicurity, that Hiftory hath
only preferved his Name to us. But he was probably the Perfon,
who brought the Family into fuch Contempt, as provoked MeffiJa
to forbid that any of the Laevini ihould be placed among the Sea«
tnes of his Anceflors. San*
13. Pulfut fugitA This Reading is of Manufcript- Authority*
The prefent, ufed for the pneterpe^ed Tenfe, is of true poetical
£Iegance, when either a Knowledge of the Fad, or fome other
Xxpreffion in the SeAttoce determines the Senfe. Bi n t . C v n .
14. Licufffi.] Laevinus is here pleafantly fet up to Auction, for
Utert was the Term ufcd to fignify laifing the Sale* To a ft .
18. Nn
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Sat. 6. The Satires of Hokacb* Sj
The Man of fiiith unknown, or tarn the NoTe
On me, ^ho from a Race of Slaves arofe ;
While yott regard not, from what low Degree
A Man^s defcended, if his Mind be free ;
Convinc'd, that long before th' ignoble Reign
And Power of Tullius, from a fervile Strain
Fall many rofe for Virtue high renown'd.
By Worth ennobled, and with Honours crowned :
While he, who boafts that ancient Race his own.
Which drove the haughty Tarquin from the Throne,
Is vile and worthlefs in the People's Eyes :
The People, who, you know, beftow the Prize
To very Scoundrels, and like Slaves to Fame
With fooliih Reverence hail a well-born Name,
And with a ftupid Admiration gaze.
When the long Race its Images difplays.
But how ihall we, who differ far and wide
From the meer Vulgar, this great Point decide ?
For grant, the Croud fome high birth'd Scoundrel chufe.
And to the low-bom Man of Worth refufe
(Becaufe
iS. Notfattrt a tmfgo hng} lomgcfue,'] Dr. Bentley and Mr. Sa-
uadon think it were immodeil in Horace, if he remembered his
Birth, to make ufe df the Word M«, at if he fet himfelf upon a
Level with Maecenas, and were equally dtftinguiflied from the Vul-
gar. This is an unneceflary and a miihken Refinement, for the
Poet means only a Piftance of Sentiments from the cofflmon People^
to which he might with Modefty pretend.
fs^l^ hngcfue not. only appear in aknoft all the Manuftripts,
but is J&cquently ufed by the beft Authors. Nor does the Diftance
between two Objefts ever give us an Idea of Breadth, as the com-
mon /w^ i<»^''f»« defigns. BtNT.CuN.
19. Namqtte efio.] The Poet does not fay, that the. Judgment of
the People is always wrong, but that although they are not gjsne-
rally favoilrablc to Merit, Jfulttu bonor$sj^e dat jnMgnis, yet they
are fometimcs juft, as in the Inftance of preferring Pecius to Laevi-
aas. -Bat even when they give the Preference to fome worthlefs
Man of Faiivly> Cuch as Lsevinus, we caonot draw any Confequence
B $ i*
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S4 Q:^HoRATii Flacci ^atirarum Lib. i.
AppiiMy ingenuo £ non eflem patre natas i
Vel meritQ qaoniam in propria non pelle' quieflem.
Sed fulgente trahit conflridtos Gloria curru
Noa minus ignotos generofis. Quo tibi, Tilli,
Sumere depofitum clavuni, fierique tribuno ? z^
Invidia accrevit, privato quas minor efTet.
Nam ut quifque infanus nigris medium impediit eras
PellibuSy ac latum demiiit pedore clavum.
Audit continuo : Quis homo hie, aut quo patre natus ?
Uc £ qui asgrotet quo morbo Barrus, haberl 4 30
£t capiat formofus ; eat quacunque, puellis
Injiciat coram quxrendi flngula ; quali
Sit facie, fura, quali pede, dente, capillo :
Sic qui promittit cives, urbem fibi curx,
Imperium fore, & Italiam, Sc delubra Deorum ; 3;
Quo patre fit natus, num ignota matre inhoneftuSj
Omnes mortales curare & qucrere cogit.
Tone
in his Favour. He does not become really more eftimable, nor k a
Decius lefs vakable by their Difregard. Namfue ^ is a Suppofi-
tion ; or in the Language of Difputants, Lit us frfpsfi. The greiit
Difficulty of tWs Paflage, for it is allowed to be difficult, arifes from
the Poet's not having exprefled his Thoughts in their full Extent.
Sah,
23. Stdfuhinte trabit,'^ This Verfc tffifts ns in iupplying what
the Poet hath kft imperfect. Sed is nece0anly relative to nam,
and all the Lines from the feventh ftmm refirrt mgas are a Juftifi-
cation of that Regard, which Maecenas had for Vijtue, wherever
he found it. Sam.
14. SIm tihi, TtOiJ] It is true, that Glory makes no other Di-
IHn^ion among Men but that of Merit ; yet it is equally true,
that they ihould wait, each in his proper Sphere, until it (hall pleafe
that Glory to chain them to her Car, like Servias TuUius, and
J^ccius* that (he may raifc them to the Honours due to their Meek.
Tillius had probably raifed himfelf in the Difordcrs of the State to
ibme conBderable Employment, from which he was degraded amidft
tfie Contempt and Indignation of the People, San,
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Sat. 6. The Satires op Horace. 85
(Becaufe low-born) the Honours of the State,
Shall we from thence their Vice or Virtue rate ?
Were I expcU'd the Senate-Houfe with Scorn,
JofUy, perhaps, becaufe thus meanly bom
I fondly wandered from my native Sphere 1
Yet Ihall I with lefs real Worth appear ?
Chained to her beamy Car Fame drags along
The Mean, the Great : an undiftinguiihM Throng. •
Poor Tillius, when compelled in luckkfs Hour
To quit your purple Robe and Tribune's Power,
A larger Share of Envy was thy Fate,
Which, had been leflen'd in a private State.
For in black Sandals when a Coxcomb*s dieft.
When floats the Robe impurple'd down his Breafl,
Inflant, *' what Man is this," he round him hears,
** And who his Father ?" As when one appears
Sick of your Fever, Barrus, to deiire
That all the World his Beauty fhould admire.
Curious the Ladies afk, *« What Mien and Air,
** What Leg and Foot.he has, what Teeth and Hair ! '*
So he, who promifes to guard the State,
The Gods, the Temples and imperial Seat,
Makes every Mortal afk his Father's Name,
Or if his Mother was a flave-born Dame.
"And
17* Nigris medium, &c.^ The Buikins worn by Senators were
black, and fometlmea white ; thofe of the curule Magiftrates were
led. ToKR.
33. Sit facie,'] Faeiet dots not here fignify the Face, but the
whole Mien and Air $ as in Terence, faciim fiuiebrgm ! where
Donatus well remarks, mu partem eerfwix dicit, fid totam fi^eeiem
pta affaret & cernitur, C» w<t.«
34. Si'c qui premittit^'j^ This WIS the Fotm of a Scnator^s, and a
Magiftrate*s Oatht Ca uq^.
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86 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. i.
Tune Syri, Dams, aut Dionysi BUns, audes
Dejicere e faxo cWes, aut tradere Cadmo ?
Till.
At Novius collega gradu poft me fedet uno ; 40
Namque ^ ille, pater quod erat mens.
HORAT.
Hoc tibi PauluSy
£c Meflala vkleris ? At hie, fi plauiba ducenta,
Concunantque foro tria funera, magna fonabit
Comua quod vincatque tubas : Vtaltem tenet hoc nos.
Nunc ad me redeo libertino patre natum, 45
Quern rodunt omnes libertino patre natum ;
Nunc, quia fum tibi, Maecenas, convidor ; at olim.
Quod mihi pareret legio Romana tribuno.
Diflimile hoc illi eft : quia non, ut forfit honorem
Jure mihi invideat quivis, ita te quoque amicum ; 50
Praefertim cautum dignos adfumere, prava
Ambidone procul. Felicem dicere non hoc
Me poifit, caTu quod te fortitus amicum : Nulla
38. Syri, DoKut, Mtt Dionysf] Thefe three Names arc the
Names of Slaves. Damat or Dema is a Contra^on of Demetrt^s,
Syrus is frequently the Slave in Comedy. Dac
40. Sedet,'] Is a Law Word, properly applied to Senators, Prae-
tors, and other Judges, when feated on the Bench, in Execution of
their Office. To» k ,
43; Magmafi»a^itJ] Funerals ufually paflcd through the Forum, and
Novius could pronounce an Oration with a Voice of Thunder. Ho-
race laughs at his being made a Senator for an Accompliihment,
which could only entitle him to the Office of a Crier. Dac.
44. C9mua fuod wneatoue tubas.-] Trumpets were ufed at the
,Puneral8 of Men, and Flutes at thofe of Children. The tvvdve
Tables confined them to ten in Number. Decern tibi^inet aJhiiteo.
»oefiasnefacit9. .
«rLvt''thifv"^V^'"'' ^'^^ ''t'*' ,'^^«""-] Some modem Editors, to
dJ.^^. ^° t ^ Smiplicity of Compofition, fa/s
52. Feiicem
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Sat. S. The Satires of Horacb. S;
*' And ihall a Syrian Shve, like yoa, preToffle
** To hurl the free-born Citizens of Rome
'* From the Tarpeian Rock's tremendous Height,
** Or to the Hangman Cadmus gire their Fate?**
Titnus.
My Collegue fits below me one Degree,
For Novius, like my Father, was made btc.
Horace.
Shall yon for this a true Mefiala feem.
And rife a Paulus in your own Efteem ?
Bat when two hundred Waggons croud the Street,
And three.loag Funerals in Proceffion meet.
Beyond the Fifes and Horns his Voice he raifes.
And fore fuch S&mgth of Lungs a wbnderous Praife is.
As for my&lf^ a Free-man*s Son confeft,
A Freemaa^s Son, the public Scorn and Jeft,
That now with you I joy the fodal Hour,
That Once a Roman Legion ownM my Power;
But &ough they envy*d my Command in War
Ju^y perhaps, yet fare *tis different hx
. To gain your Friendfliip, where no fervile Art,
Where only Men of Merit claim a Part.
Nor yet to Chance this Happinefs I owe ;
Friendflup. like your^s fhe had not to beftow.
^s. Felicem dtcere nen bee mt poj^e.'] Our Poet, without any Im.
ttfttatlon pn his Modefty, might well be convinced, that his perfonal
Merit did not Aand in need of the accidental Advantages of being
well bom. Nor does he acknowledge himfelf indebted to Fortune
for the Fricndihip of Maecenas. Thus with a fort of nece^ary
VanitYy if it muft be called Vanity, he complioaents his Patioa
•pon Jiis Difcemment and Caution in the Choice of his Friends.
Mr. Cunningham hath recovered p»ffit from one of the Mann,
fcripts 5 it agrees with fuivis, and the Sentiment is more modeft^,
and does more Honour to the Poet, when fpoken by them who en-
vied him, ffitfii invideat, than if it fccnwd to be his own, Felicem
dieen wn toe me poiTom. S a m.
54, Oftiwuf
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gg Q^HoRATli Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
Nulla etenim tibi me fors obtulit. Oprimus olim
Virgilius, p«ft hunc Varius, dixere quid effem. 55.
Ut veni coram, fingultim pauca loquutus
(Infans namque pudor. prohibebat plura profari)
Non ego me claro natum patre, non ego circum
Me Satureiano vcftari rura caballo -,
Sed, quod eram , narro : refpondes ( ut tuus eft mos) 60
/Tauca : abeo : & revocas nono poft menfe, jubefque '
Effe in amicorum numero. Magnum hoc ego duco.
Quod placui tibi, qui turpi fccernis honeftum,
Non patre preclaro, fed vita & peftore puro.
Atqui fi vitiis mediocribus ac mea paucis 65
Mendofa eft natura, alioqui redla (velut fi
Egregio infperfos reprendas corpore nasvos)
Si neque avaritiam, neque fordes, aut mala luftra
Objiciet vere quifquam mihi 5 purus 8c infons
(Ut me coUaudem) fi vivo & carus amicis, 70 )
Caufa fuit pater his : macro qui pauper agello
Noluit in Flavi ludum me mitterc ; magni
Quo pueri magnis e centurionibus orti,
^ '^ LSBVO
cA, Optimus olim.'] Both Virgil and Varius were dead when thiff
this Satire was written. Our Poet was introduced to Macenas in
the Year 715, and his Behaviour, fays Mr. Dacier, is with that kind
of Modefty, which is natural to Men of real Genius* .
61. Revoeas nono poft menfe,'] Horace and Maecenas let nine
Months roll quietly away; the firft, without paying his Court to
the prime Minifter ; the other, without inviting a Man for whota
he had probably conceived an Efteem. Who would not imagine,
that the Poet was forgotten, and that he deferved it ? On the con-
trary, this Negligence of paying his Court, which wou'd have ap-
peared blameable in a mere Courtier's Eyes, was regarded by the
difceming Minifter as a Angular Modefty. Thefe indeed are Models
worthy of our Imitation 5 but if Perfons of firft Merit had the Mo-
defty of Horace, where ihall we find, fays Mr. Sanadon, the Gc-
nerofity of Maecenas ?
68. Aut mala btftra,] One Manufcript and an ancient Edition of
the Scholiafts has preferved this Reading"J which hath been received
by fix Editions. Horace often ufes aut after two Negatives.
' •• 71, Ca^
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Sat. 6. Thb Satires op Horace. S9
My beft-lovM Virgil firft, then Varios told
Among my Friends what Chara£ler I hold :
W'hen introdac'dy in few and iaultring Words
(Sucji as an infant Modefty affords)
I did not tell you my Defcent was great»
Or that I wanderM round my Country Seat
On a proud Steed in richer Paftures bred :
But what I really was, I frankly faid.
Short was your Anfwer» in your ufual Strain ;
I take my Leave, nor wait on you again.
Till, nine Monflis paft, engag'd and bid to hold
A Place among your nearer Friends enrolFd.
An Honour this, methinks, of nobler Kind,
That innocent of Heart and pure of Mind,
Though with no tided Birth, I gain'd his Love,
Whofe Judgment can difcem, whofe Choice approve.
If fome few, trivial Faults deform my Soul
(Like a fair Face when fpotted with a Mole)
If none with Avarice jufUy brand my Fame,
With Sordidnefs, or Deeds too vile to name :
If pure and innocent: if dear (forgive
Thefe little Praifes) to my Friends I live.
My Father was the Caufe, who, though maintained
By a lean Farm buf poorly, yet difdain'd
The Country-Schoolmafter, to whofe low Care
The mighty Captain fent his high-born Heir
With
71. Caufa fuh pattr bh,'] This litUe Epiibde, if it may be fo
<^»Ued, is of great Beauty, and does much Honour both to the Father
and Son.. It Aews, that Greatnefs of Sentiments and Goodnefs of
Ijeart are not confined to People of Birth and Fortune. Sa n«
7%. In fiann ludumS\ Flavius was probably a Country School-
nafter at Venufium, where Horace was born, who taught Children
Reading, Wfiting-and Arithmetic. The tMini jm pueri msgrn's ^
Ctntarioniius orti is in the Pomp of borlefque, and as Aich is imitated
ia the Tranilatjo)).
75, Off**
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1^
<^ Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirakum Lib. i.
Laevofufpenfi loculos tabulamque lacer to,
Ibant oAonis referentes Idibus asra : 75
Sed puerum eft aufus Romam portare, docendam
Artes quas doceat quivis eques atque feoator
Semet prognatos. Veftem fervofque fequentes
In magno ut popolo fi quis vidiiTet, «vj(a
£x re praeberi fomtus mibi crcderet iUos. to
Ip(e mihi cuftos inconrapdflimas omnes
Circilin do6tores aderat. Quid multa ? pudkom
(Qui primus virtutis honos) fervavit ab omni
Non ici^m &,€to, verum opprobrio quoque turpi :
Nee timoity fibi ne vitio quis yerteret, olim 85
Si praeco parvas, aut (ut fuit ipfe) coador
Mercedes fequerer: neque egaf eflem queftus. Ad hsec
nunc
Laus illi debetoi', &kme gntia major.
Nil me poeniteat fanom patris hujus : eoqae
Non» ut magna 4olo fadum negat effe fuo pars, 9*
Quod non ingenuos babeat darofque parentes.
Sic me defendam. Longe mea difcrepat iftis
£t vox & ratio. Nam fi Natara juberet
A cerds annis asvum remeare peradum,
Atquc
75. Offoms referentes idihAs sera."] The Romafis had many ftated
Timet of paying their Schooknaflers. Some imagine it was at the
Beginning, others at the End of the Year, or at the grand Feftivfl
of Minerva called quinquatrusy or quinquatria, which began the
V nineteenth of March. But the Miner^al then given to the Mafter
was not a Salary, but a volantajy PrefenC Many of the Comnaen-
tators explain the l^aflage refirra ^era idibut, as if it fignified rev
€ture €9mtit0tioium fumma ad idus, to compute the Intereft, which a
. Sum of Money produces from the Calends to the Ides. But this is
a ftrange Language^ nor can we find an<Example of it in the Idtio
.Tongue. SAn.
81. Ipfe mibi cu^es.'] This good Father would not intmftthe
Education of his Son even to his Mailers, but aiTifted at all the
LeiTons they gave him, Circum do&oret Mderat, An Example, Ajrs
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Sat. 6. Ths Satiki8 op HomACB. 91
With Satchel, Copy^bobk, and Pdf to p8^
The wretched Teacher on th' appointed Day.
To Rome by this bold Father was I brought
To learn thofe Arts, which well-bom Youth aie taoght^
So dreft and fo attended, yon would fwear
I was foxne wealthy Lord's expenfive Heir ;
Himfelf n^y Guardian, of unblemiih*d Truth,
Among my Tutors would attend my Youth,
And thus preTervM my Chaftity of Mind
(That prime of Virtue in its higheft Kind)
Not only- pure from Guilt, but even the Shame,
That might with vile Su^icion hnrt my Famei
Nor fearM to be reproached, although my Fate
Should hx my Fortune in fome meaner State,
From which fojne trivial Ferquiiites arife.
Or make me, like him&lf, CoUedor of Exdk.
For this my Heart far from complaining pays
A larger Debt of Gratitude and Fraife ;
Nor, while my Senfes hold, fhall I repent
Of fuch a Father, nor with Pride refent.
As many do, th' involuntary Diigrace,
Not to be born of an illufbrious Race,
fiut not with theirs my Sentiments agree.
Or Language ; for if Nature ihould decree.
That we from any Hated Point might live
Our former Years, and to our Choice fhould give
The
Mr. Sanadon, of too much Heroifin to be ptopoied for our Imi'*
Ution.
86. Sf ^^ec9 f0r9ss,l Pr^eet was properly an Ao^oneer. C0-
aSor was a common Name for many different Sorts of lower Of-
fiQtfs, who celleded the poblick Taxes. When oar Poet*s Father
earned him to Rome, he ibid his little Farm at Vena6am, and pur-
chafed a CoUe£tor*s Employment, txa&mtm etgffor, Parvse mst'
ttdtt were the Profits or Poqoifitet of his Ofiite.
87. M b^^l Pfpttr Itfr^ aa Bxpreffioa mo«c than once ufed
by
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^2 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satira^m Lib, X.
Atque alios lego-e, ad faftum quorcunque parentes 9^
' Optaret fibi qaifque ; meis contentusy honeftos
Paribus ac feUis noUem mihi fiimere; demens
Judicio vulgiy ianus fortaiTe tuo : quod
Nollem onus, haud unquam folitus, portare moleftum
Nam mihi cendnuo major quaereiu^ foret res ; 100
Atque ialutandi plures ; ducendus Sc unus
£t comes alter, uti folus ne rufve peregreve
Exirem ; plures o^es atque c^lli
Pafcendi i ducenda p^torrita. Nunc mihi curto
Ire licet mulo, yel, ii libet, ufque Tarentum : .105
Mantica cui lumbos onere ulceret, atque eques armos.
Objiciet nemo fordes mihi, quas tibi, Tilli,
Quum Tiburte via prastorem quinque fequuntur
Te pueri, la^um portantes, cen^^orumque.
Hoc ego commodius, qu^m tu, ptrseclare feniator, i to^
Millibtts atque aliis vivo. Quacunque libido dk,
Incedo folus : percontor quanti olus, ac far :
Fallacem circum, vefpertinumque percrro
Saepe forum : aillfto divinis : inde domum me
Ad porri & ciceris refero laganique catinum. 11^
Coma
by our Poet. • They, who read o^ hoc, hare not a fingle Mana-
fciipt to fttpport them.
104. Petorrita,'] Were a Sort of four-wheeled Chariots. The
Name, as fomc imagine, is derived from irtloptc, four, but it rather
feeihs jpurely Gauliih. Pi'ti N-a I dom is at. this Day the Name
oftheie Kinds of Chariots. - San,
106. Mantica cut lumbot,'\ Mr. Dacier thinks, that Horace de-
figns to defcribc his own aukward Horfemanffiip, which his round
Figure and plump Perfon makes not unlikely. But Mr. Sanadon,
jealous of our Author's Honour, afTures us he had learned to ride
when he was is the Army. Qato, the Cenfor, is defcribed in much
the fame Equipage by Seneca ; but whenHorace reproaches Tillius
for his parfimonius Manner of Travelling, he reproaches him as a
Magiftrate. Frugality is a Virtue in private Perfons, but public
Charafters ought to befupport^d with Dignity.
109. Laf^um ^rtafUts, xn^orumfuc,} TOliuswas of aa Ava-
rice
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It. 6. i3»HB Satires op Horace. 93
) Sires» to whom we wiih*d to be allied^
et others chuie to gratify their Pride :
^hile I, contented with my owp, reiign
The titled HoDOurs of an ancient Line.
I may be Madneis in the People*s Eyes,
Bttt in your Judgment not» perhaps, unwife s
at I refufe to bear a Pomp of State,
UnasM and much unequal to the Weight.
Inftant a larger Fortune muil be made ,
To purchafe Votes my low Addcefles paid ;
Whether a Jaunt or Journey I propofe
With me a Croud of new Companions goes, .
While, anxious to compleat a Length of Train,
Domellics, Horfes, Coaches 1 maintain.
But now as Chance or Pleafure is my Guide,
Upon my bob-tail*d Mule alone I ride. *'
Gall'd is his Crupper with my Wallet's Weight j
His Shoulder fhews his Rider's aukward Seat.
Yet no penurious Vilenefs e'er (hall ftain
My Name, as when, great Praetor, with yodr Train
Of five poor Slaves, you carry where you dine
Your 0:avelling KLitchen and your Flafk of Wine.
Thus have I greater Blef&ngs in my Power,
Than you, proud Senator, and thoufands more.
Alone I wander, as by Fancy led,
I cheapen Herbs, or afk the Price of Bread $
I liilen, while Diviners tell their Tale,
Then homeward haften to my frugal Meal,
Herbs,
tkt fo foirdid, as to make his Slaves carry a kind of trarelling Kit-
chen, lafofium, and a Flagon of Wine, mnopUrum^ that he might
ttot be at any Expence in file public Hon&s on the Road.
113. C/rc8m.j He calls the Circus /tf//tf«iOT„ deceiving, becaufe
Diviners, Fortune-tellers, Interpreters (^ Dreams, AArologers, and
Impoftors of all Sorts ufuajly aflembkd there. Tu a n x a •
4 . ''7* ^*^^''
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94> Q;,H0ILATII FlACCI SATIRAIUnif Lib. ij
Ccsna miniftrator puerb tribus } & lapis albas ^
Pocula cum qratho duo fuftinet : adftat ecJunus
Vilis, cum patera ^ttus, Campana fupellex.
Deinde eo dormituniy non fblicitusy mihi quod eras
Surgendum fit mane, obeundus MaHya, qui fc i za
Vultum fcrrc negat Noviorum poffe minoris.
Ad quartam jaceo, poft banc vagor ; aut ego (ledo
Aut fcripto quod me taciturn ju vet) unguorolivo; '
Non quo fraudatb immundus Natta lucemis.
All ubi me feifum fol acrior ire lavatum '^S
Admonuity fugio campum lafuraque trigonem.
PRanfas,
117. Echinus viSs.'J We cannot precifely determine what the
gMttms and tchinus were. Mr. Dader thinks the firft was a little
Urn, out of which they pound Water into a Btihn, edUmu, to waih
their Hands.
lao. Oham^ Mirfya.1 A Satyr, who challenging Apollo to
a Trial of Skill in Mufic was overcome and flayed alive by Uic God.
A Statue was erected to him in tfaeFomm, oppofite to the Roftn
where the Judces determined Canfes, and the Poet plotfantly fays
it flood in fuch an Attitude, as ihewed its Indignation to behold ai
Man> who had been a Slave, now fitting among the MadAistec of
Rome. The Satyr, in his Refentment of fuch a Sight, &gets tbe
Pain of being flayed alive. To R x
laa. Ad fmmrtam jae€o,'\ Mr. Dacier fays, it It the Cuftom of
Poets not to rife early in a Morning, becauie their poetical Studies
keep them awake at Night. He names Comeille and Fontaine as
Inftances of this midnight Spirit of rhiming in Bed, to which he
thinks our Author was much inclined. Yet it was cuftomary among -
the Romans to read and write in a Morning before they rofe out of
Bed, and we ihall «nd our Poet in thefirft Epiftleof thefecond
Book calling for his Pen and Paper before Day. Dr. Bcntley bids
us be cautious of imagining, that Horace was U> lazy as to 0eep 'till
ten in a Morning.
1 23, Lefft iuit firipto.l Are Ablatives abfolute of the Participles
ieffut and fcripmt, as in the firft Satire, part» qwod a'^at* To
fay, that they are formed by a Contraftion of leaUo aadferifitito, is
to introduce two Words unknown to the Latin Tongue, and to make
the Poet fpcak a moft barbarian Language. To a a . Bx n t
115. Aft ubi mefepm,-] We mnft'undcrftand by thefe two Lines
a pwticttlar Part of the Day. Horace defcribes the Lift he ufually
pafied
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6. The Satikbs op Horace. 95
Ierbs> Puife, and Pancakes ; each a fepaiate Plate :
TMLe three Domeftics at my Sapper wait.
|l Bowl on a wMte Marble Table flands^
Two Goblets, and a Ewer to waili my Hands ;
fka hallowed Cup of true Campanian C/ay
My pure Ubations to the Gods to pay.
I then.retire to Reft, nor anxious fear
Before dread Marfyas early to appear,
l^hoTe veiy Statue fwears it cannot brook
3rhe Meannefs of a flave-born Judge^s Look«
I fleep till ten ; then take a Walk* or chufe
A Book, perhaps, or trifle with the Mufe ;
For chearful Exerdfe and manly Toil
Anoint my Body with the pliant Oil,
But not with fuch as Natta'Sf when he vamps
His filthy Limbs and robs the public Lamps*
But when the Sun pours down his fiercer Fire*
And bids me from the toilfome Sport retire.
pafled in Roifte, and .difHiiguiflies his different Amoienientt by the
dilFerent Hours of the Day. Mr. Dacier by folattw underftands
the Canicula and makes a very fingolar Remark upon it^ that Ho-
race always bathed duriag the Dog-daya. Airior f»l is no mote than -
^gravis in another Satire. Bx m t«
J96* Fugh cam^um hfumfue trtgtnem.'] The OrttBmarians,
probably finding^ only the Beginning of this Verfe in their Manu*
Icripts, did not doubt but that the fil acritr of the preceding Line
muft fignify the Dog-Star^ and as Horace ufes the Expreffion rtf •
hiem cants when hs (peaks of this Sign, they believed they might
well fill up the Verfe and explain the fo/ acrior by a Periphrafia
rahiofi tempora JSgnt, The beft amd oldeft Manufcript hath prefer*
▼ed the prefent Reading, whidi has been received by four of our
moft able Critics.
This Line explains in$gu§r pUvo in the Verfe before ; Cam^g \b
the Campus Martius, and bifus trigon was a Game played with a
Ball, otherwife called Ufms trigonalis^ becaufe the Players. Aoodia
« Triangle* Martial fpeakt of it in more than one Place. - -'-
laS. JUte
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^5 Q^HoRATii Flagci Satirarum Lib. i.
Pranfus, nonavide, quantum, interpellet inani
Ventre diem durare, domefticus otior, - Haec eft
Vita folutorum mifera ambitione gravique.
His me confolor, vidturum fuavius, ac ii 1 30
Quaeftor avus, pater atque meus, patruufque fuilTet.
128, Hac eft vita folutorum.'] We have here a very pretty Oppo-
lition of Charaders. On one Side the, tumultous^ uneafy JLdfe
of the Great, whom Ambition drags along, chained like Slaves to
the Chariot 'of Fortune; on the other, the free, tranquil Condi-
tion of a private rPcrfon, who taftes in Mediocrity of Circum-
fiances a Repofe without Vexation, Pleafure without Difquietude,
Sat. VII.
PROSCRIPTI Regis Rupili pus atque venenum
Ibrida quo pa£bo iit Periius ultus, opinor
Omnibus & lippis notum & tonforibus efle.
Periius hie permagna negotia dives habebat ^
Clazomenis, etiam lites cum Rege moleftas ; 5
Durus homo, atque odio poffet qui vincere Regem,
Confi-
This Satire was probably the firft Trial of our Author's poetical
Abilities and written in the Year 71*, fome Time before the Battle
of Philippi. There is much Pleafantry, natural Eafe and Vivacity,
but nothiag extremely interefting in it 5 a little too much Negli-
gence and Carelefihefs of Compofition. San.
Verf. I. Profcripti Regis RupiR] Publius Rupilius Rex a Native
«f Praenefte, being profcribed by Auguftiis during the Triumvirate,
engaged in the Army of Brutus. Jealous of our Author's mili-
tary Advancement, he reproached him with the Meannefs of his
Birth. Such an Outrage had Filth and Venom pus & vmenum ac-
cending to the Poet*« Language j the Vengeance is more delicate
and diverting, but not lefs feniible. San.
a. Rrida PerJSus,] Perfius was a Greek by his Father, and an
Italian by his Mother. The Romans gave the Name of Ibrida to
fhcm whofe Parcata were /of different Nations, or of different Con-
4itio«. T,^„^
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Sat. 7. Tbs Satires of HoRACt. 97
I hafte to bathe and decently regale
My craving Stomach with a frugal Meal ;
Bnongh to nouriih Nature for a Day,
Then trifle my Domeftic Hours away.
Such is the Life from bad Ambition free ;
Sach Comfort has the Man low-bom like nie ;
With which I feel myfclf more truly blcft, '
Than if my Sires the Quxftor*s Power poffefl.
and who finds tgreeable, and oiefvl Ain«fenients» cvtn amkUl his
more ferious Employments. San*
Sat. VII.
' O W mnngrei Perfios in a vengeful Mood
That out.law'd Wretch Rupilius King puriu'd
With poifonpus Filth, and Venom all his own.
To Barbers and to blear-eyed Folk is known.
PeHius had Wealth by foreign Traffick ^n'd.
And a vexatious Suit with .King. maintained.
Prcfumptuous, vain, and obftinate the Wight,
Conquering even King ia Virulence of Spite i
In
j3* -^^'^ ^ MfcriBui.'] Ifc b a Faft, and I have obferved it,
fays M^. ^aj)adon, an hundred times, that there are no People more
curipus than thejr, who have any Weaknefs or Infirmities in their
£ye5. They would kj^J^ every thing even to an Impertinence of
teizing tibeir Acquaintands, as if Nature, attentive to recover what
Ihe had loft, employed the Succour of the Ears to fupply the Defeft
of the Eyes. Anth have ever been of prating Kind, Lovers of
Kews, and their Shops are the Places where they difperfe the Anec-
dotes of that Part of the Town, in whkh they five.
Vol. III. F S.5//i
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gt (^ HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. i«
Confidens, tumidufque ; adeo fermonis amari,
Sifennas, Barros ut equis prxcurreret albis.
Ad Rcgem redeo. PoUquam nihil inter utrumque
Convenit (hoc etenim funt omnes jure molefti, . i •
Quo fortes, quibus adverfum bellam incidit. later
Hedora Priamiden, animofum atque inter Achillea
Ira fuit capitalis, ut ultima divideret mors :
Non aliam ob caufam, nifi quod virtus in utroque
Summa fuit. Duo & Difcordia verfet inertes ; i^
Aut fi difparibusbenumLincidat, ut Diomedi
Cum Lycio Gkuco, difcedat pigrior, ultro
Muneribus miilis) Bruto prastore tenente
Ditem Aiiam, Rupili & Persi par pugnat, uti non
Com*
?, SifeHnas,"] Cornelius Slfenna, being reproached by the Senate
vf'ith the bad Condu£fc of his Wife, replied, / mmmtd btr iy tht
uidtfice of Augujius, Iniinuating, that Augullxis had obliged him
to marry her, that he might have a more eafy Commerce with her.
Titus Veturius Barms, having ruined himfelf by his Extravagance^ -
was put to Death for violating a veftal Virgin.
Equis pr^eeurreret albiu A proverbial Expreflion. White Horfes
were eAe«med particularly for then- Swiftneis.
Nam fi hmc ueafiwi fe fiibduxerit^
Nttwfusm, edifol, fusdrigit iudififcet fcflea^
Plaut. Afin.
If he lofes this Opportunity, he ihall never overtake it, although
he were in a Chariot drawn by white Horfes. Virgil defcribes the
Horfes of Tumus wbictr than Show andfwifttr tbmn the Wind.
9. M Regtmredefif'] So far from .having already wandered from
his Subjeft, that the Poet now begins to leave it, and carry us to
the VTar of Troy. -<*/ lUgem redeo is abfolutely out of its Place,
and would be more juftly ufed after Bruto pratort tenente ditem Afi*
mm. This is one InfUnce of Careleflhefs in the Compoiition of this
Epifile. San.
10. Hoe etenim jttre.J As if Strei^th gave a kind of Right not to
yield. Hoc jure is ed de causa. The next eight Verfes contain a long
Parentheiis, or rather a Cohfufion of Parenthefes, which have occa-
l\oned fuch Variety of Pundhxation, and which the Poet ought to
iuve avoided after having faid ad JRegem redeo^ San.
3 SS« Belhm
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Sat. 7* Thi Satires of Horace. 99
Id Bittemefs of Speech oudlrip'd the Wind,
Aod left the fwift-tongue'd Barras hr behind.
Now to the King returns our wandering Tale,
"When all fair Means of Reconcilement fail
(For Men are obftinate when War's proclaim*d
As they with inward Courage are enfiam*d ;
When Hedor and Achilles fierce engag'd
Dire was the Conflid, and to Death they rag'd :
And why ? becaufe the gallant Thirft of Fame,
The Love of Glory was in Both extreme :
But if a Quarrel between Cowards rife.
Or between Chiefs of lefs heroic Size,
Glaucus to Diomed is forc'd to yield.
The Daftard buys his Peace and quits the Field)
What Time o'er Alia with Pnetorial Sway,
Great Brutus rulM, began this dire Affray.
Perfius
Selhrn i/uiJif.] Five Lines after this we again fee Mkm mehtaf,
*The Poet had furely better have changed his Expreilion. S a m .
M. Inter SeBoraA The Scene begins to grow pleaiantly ferious,
and the Battle is raiied with a Pomp of Numbers in the true Spirit
of Burlefque. The firft Syllable of Priamides is &ort, but is made
Jong here, according to Mr. Sanadon, becaufe three (hcrt Syllables
come together. The Critic makes the Remark to Aew we are
abufed by our modern Poets, when they tell us, that proper Names
were of arbitrary Quantity among the Latins.
15, Dmjl Dijeordia xferfet*] The Roman Poets, in Imitation of
the Greek, fbmetimes ofed amho and Jao for tmbts and Jun, Si dM9
fr^trea takg U^a tuHJptt Urrm vtr«u Vi a c «
The Reading in this Line is taken from the befl Manufcripts of
Lrmhinus. Fex*t is too ftrong a Word for a Couple of Cowards
mertti, Horace in another Place iays barbatum amentia verfat*
Bint.Cun.Sak.
iS* Sruto ^atore,^ Marcus Brutus and Caifius were Praetors of
Rome when Csefar was put to Death. In 7 1 1 Brutus went to Ukc
PofTeffion of his Mecedonian Government, and prator muft be nn-
derftood ^rt^r^/cf 3 a Manner of fpeaking of which there are many
Examples.^ San.
F % 20. C»»i-
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too Q;^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. r.
Compofiti meliiis cum Bit}io BaechiiM. Ii> jus 20
Acres procurninty magnum fpedaculum uterque.
Periius exponit caufam : ridetur ab omni
Convehtu ; laudat firutum, laudatque cokortem ;
Solem Afiae Bru|um appellat, ftellafque falubres
Appellat comites, excepto Rege : Canem ilium, 2 j
Invifujn agricolis fidus, venifTe : ruebat
Flumen ut hybernum, f^itur quo rara fecuris.
Turn Prsneftinus falfo multoque iluenti
ExprdTa arbufto regerit convkia ; durus
Vindemiator^ 8c invidus, cui {^>e viator 30
CeiHiTet magna compellans voce cucuUum.
At Gnecus, poftquam eft Italo perfuius aceto,
Perfius exdamat : Per magnos^ Brute, Deos te
Oro,
so. Compofiti meliut,'\ This Reading is of an ancient Manufcript.
It is an Expreflion more elegant than compofitus, and the beft Au-
thors, efpccially the Poets, have often ufed it. The Scholiaft tells
us, that Bidius and Bacchius were two Gladiators, who certainly
put to Death whoever fought with th«in. They Aftefwvda engaged
toother, and both expired on the Stage.
24. StiemAjtit.l Dcmocharcs ftrft madetJfe of tlri$ Gomparl-
- fon^ when lie repretented Demetrius appearing like theSun a nio iq^
'liis Courtiers, who flroiie round him like Stars, Put after the ^ridi-
culous Light in whidx Horace h«th fliewnfuch aftefted Praife, His
■fbniihiflg, that onr'Kipgs are ftlll obihnxtely compared to.the Sun.
Dac.
ft7« FertMr fUd rara featris.'] 'tVkither an Ax is ntery feldem car*
riaiy becaufe the Winter Flood tears away the Trees, which grew
upon the Banks of the River. The TraAfhitor hath been contented
to |;ive the Senfe of the Paflkge, for the Expreffion oouM have nei-
ther Beauty, nor Meaning to an Enghfli Reader.
s8. Salfo multequi fittentt.^ Sahi & muIiSim fiuenti, but the Ad-
Je£(ive mukut is much more elegant and poetical than the Adverb
«miAibr. In Virgil we find, eollit qwphtrmus urhi imitttnit { mognwm
fuenum Nilum.
29. Exfrejfa arhijlo,'] Horace means a particular Kind of Vine,
srhuftiva, that grew round the Trees, in which the People, who ga-
thered the Grapes^ Aood ej^fcd to the Raillery of Travellers.
Is
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Sat. 7* ThK Satirbs op Horaci. lOf
Periius and King, intrepid Pair, engage
(More eqaal Champions never mounted Stage)
And now they rufh impetuous into Court*
Fine wa3 the Sight, and delicate the Sport.
Perfius begins ; loud Burfis of Laughter rife ;
He pnufes Brutus, Brutus, to the Sides.
*' Bmtus, like Sol, o*er Afia pours theDaf ;
'* His Friends ut Stars and healthful is their Ray,
** Exc^ the King j he like the Dog-ftar rrigfis,
«« That Dog of Heaven, detefted by the Sii^ain^*'
Thus rufh'd he onward like a Winter-Flood,
That tears its Banks and fwecps away the Wood,
To this impetuous Bittemefs of Tide
The Sling with equal Virulence replied.
A Vine-drelTcr he was of mific Tone,
Whom oft the Traveller was forcM to own
Invincible J -with clamorous Voice oppreft^
When Cuckow, Cuckow, was the fUnding Jeft.
But with Italian Vinegar imbued.
The four-tongu'd Mungrel the Difpute rencw'd ;
" Let
Xn fuch an Attitude 6Ur ihtrwg wtubmistor httA often appejired. AH
' Sort of injurious Language was allowed during the Vintage ; a Cuf-
torn that ftill continues in Naples. Dac.
30. Vindemmt^, The four firft Syllables of this Word make
three \on2 \y uniting the third and fourth. Horace hath ofed the
Aire L ncc in Nm^di^nut, San.
. t lium, I Many wife Reafons arc ghren why the Name of
this Bfrd ihoold be a Term of Reproach, for fuch it is in almoft all
I«anguages. The befV Account of it is, that the Cuckow fleept
liaif the Year, and leaves the Care of his Family to others.
3a. Ttalo aeeto.) Italian Vhugar^ a Kind of Raillery allowed m
- Ital^r alone. We have in Pcrfius mordaci iotui acu; and in Seneca
iwmnm acidic /n«f «»•
P 3 34. <»'
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^02 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satiharum Lib. !•
Oro, qui reges confuefti tollere, cur non
Hunc Regem jugulas? Opcrum hoc, mihi credc, tuo-
rum eft. 3j
3A. ^t figti cwfuefii totkrtj] It was an liereditary Gloiy m th^
Family o? Brutus to abolilh Tyranny and punifli Tyrants* X.uci«s
Junius Brutus expelled the laft Monarch of Rome. Marcus and
Decimus Brutus, having killed Julius Caefar, proclaimed through
the Streets, that they ^sA deftroyed the King of Rome, and the
Tyrant of hi» Country. '
As we cannot well imagine, that Horace would hare ezprefled
himfelf in this Manner after he had engaged in the Party of O^U*
vius, we may date the Satire in the Year ^l^^ S a »•
Sat. VIII.
OL I M troncus erAm ficulnus, inutile lignum :
Qttum faber, incertus fcamnum faceretne Pria-
pum,
Maluit efle Deum. Deus inde ego, furum ^^mque
Maxima fonnido : nam fur^s dextra coercet,
Obfcoenoque ruber porredlus ab inguine palus. 5
Ait importunas volucrcs in vertice arundo
Terref fixa, vetatque novis con£dere in hortis.
Hoc
The Poet*8 principal Defign is to laugh at the frightful Snperftition
•f the Romans ; but he does not attack them like a- rude Philofo-
pher with a long Train of Reafons, but like one, who knew that
a fpirtted Ridicule has more Force, than the moft prefling Syllo-
gtfms. Canidia, whom he paints in all the Horrours of Witch-
craft, had been caught exerdfing fome magical Enchantments 00
the Efquilian Hill behind the Gaidens of Maecenas. The God
Priapus makes a folenm Recital of the Adventure, and ottr Poet
laughs at them both. Da c. Sa Ni
Verfe : . Inutile lignum.'] The Wood of a Fig-tree was very little
ufed, on Account of its Brittlenefs. Hence the Greek Proverb, a
Fig tree Frrend, The Piece, that occafioned the prefent Satire,
would not even make a Bench, yet had the fingular Merit of mak-
' ing, by the good Pleafure of the Carpenter, the moft impertinent
God, that ever was expofed to the Laughter of Mortals $ a Merit,
which, alone preferved it from. being thrown into the Fire. To
riiife the Ridicule, Horace puts this melancholy Confeffion into the
Mouth of the poor Pcity, whom he laughs at. Vb t v t Co m . San*
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Sat. 8. Thb Satires op Horacf. 103
" Let me conjure you by the Powers divine,
" Since 'tis tlw Glory, Brutus, of your Line
** To {laughter Kings, be this thy glorious Deedy
** That this iame King beneath thy Vengeance bleed."
Sat. VIII.
IN Days of Yore our Godihip flood
A very worthlefs Log of Wood.
The Joiner doubting, or to fhape Us
Into a Stool, or a Priapus,
At length refolv'd, for Reafons wife.
Into a God to bid me rife ;
And now^ to Birds and Thieves I Hand
A Terror great. With ponderous Hand,
And fomething elfe as red as Scarlet,
I fright away each filching Varlet.
The Birds, that view with awful Dread
The Reeds, ^ft fluck into my Head,
Far from the Garden Cake their Flight,
Nor on the Trees prefume to light*
In
3. Furttm »oiw/iqut maxima formiJo»] A pretty Employment and
Equipage for a God ! He has a Reed ftuck into his Head to frighten
away Birds, and a Cudgel in his Hand to terrify ThieveSt- His Divi->
aity was not fufficient to thefe great Employments. D a c*
7. No^sttnjdertia iorth,^ OCttyhxs, williog to correct the In^
fe^n of this Hili^ which was a common Burying-Place for all the
Poor of Rome, got the Qonicnt of the Senate and People to gite
Part of it to M^cen^s. who built a magnificent Houfe there, with
very extenfive Gardens* Hence the Poet calls them wvm ^rf0i«
SAlt«
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104 (^HoRATii Flacci Satirakvm Lib. r;
Hue prius angafUs qeda cadavera cellis
Confenras vili portanda locabat in area.
Hoc mifene plebi fiabat commune rq)alchrum lO
Pantolabo fcurrae, Nomentanoque nepod.
Mille pedes in fronte, trecentos cip pu s in agro
Hic dabaty heredes roonumentum ne iequeretur*
Nunc licet Efquiliis habitare falubribus, atque
Aggere in apprico fpatiari. qua modo triftes 1 5
Albis informem fpeftabant oflibus agnun.
. Quum mihi non tantum fufefque ferseqne itt£t9
, Hunc vexare locum cune funt atque labori^
• Quantiimcarminibus quae verfant atque venenis
Humanos animos. Has nullo perdere pofTum 20
Nee prohibere modo, fimul ac vaga Luna decbram
II. PantoUtbo feumgJ] Theie People were' yet alire, but at diey
had ruined their Fortunes, Horace, with much (atincal Good.]&-
ture, prorides Graves for them with the vikft Slaves.
IX, Millt peda in JroHN.} Sttch wat the Title of the Gnvc-yard,
prefenred on a Pillar of Stone /r/^r^ to ibew its Exten^ aul to de-
clare it was never to return to the Heirs of the Eftate. We have
numberlefs Infcriptions of this kind. It a ns VN<ivAM ds m»»
MINX FAMIL13I Nostras BZBAT HOC MONVMSM WM*
Hoc MOMVMSTVM MXRZDBS MON SIQVITUK. In FEONTX
XAT. PXD. XX. ST DIG. II. 1N ACa. LONG. PBDtXX*
In fronte fignifies f tb$ Road\ m i^gr9, f the FtiUt, Dtht u for
indicahat, tefabatur, Toaa*
14. Effmiis habitare Jd!tArihtt,'] The Air was afterwards fo
healthy, that Aaguflus was carried thither when he was ill ; or per-
haps, befides the Goodnefs of the Air, that he might be attended in
his Illnefs by the Friendship and Affection of MKcenas*. Mitr'Au"
guftus in demo Macenam cuhabat, Svzt. And the younger Pliny
Speaking of Caleftrius Tyro favs. Ego in miy^t tjutfitptfet^, ilk in
donn mia fape c>nvaluit, J often retired to his Villa, he often itoo-
vered his Health in mine. Such was the Friendfliip of Romans* ^
ly. %tf modi triftes.] The Copyifts probably wrote f»o to make
it agree with aggere^ which is not neceflary. sfnemodo has a viciovs
Ambiguity, j^r Bgnlfies a Tdrrafs, which Maecenas had raifed
• in the Garden. Mr. Sanadon imagines, that this Line hath fome-
thing extremely mournful in iti Cadence, as if Horace had purppiely
• loaded it with Spondees. The ancient Commentator feels the fame
Sadnefs in the twenty-third Verfe.
1 7 £^tm mihi non tantHm,^ ^jjfum devenit on Nttne licet EffmHit
and marks the Cowvxioa* It is pkaiaat eoough to &e tms poor
Goi
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&t. S. Ttfr Satiubs of HanACt. loj
In C<^ns vfle the Herd of Slaves
Were hither brought to craud their Graves s
And once ia ^s deteiled Ground
A conunon Tomb the Vulgar found ;
BufFoons and Spendthrifts, vile and bafc.
Together rotted here in Peace.
A thou(and Feet the Front extends,.
Three hundred deep in Rear it bends.
And yonder Column plainly ihows
No more unto its Heirs it goes.
But now we breathe a purer Air
And walk the funny Terrafs fair.
Where once the Ground with Benes was white
With human Bones, a ghafUy Sight f
But, oh f nor Thief, nor favage Beafl,
That us'd thefe Gardens to infeil,
£*er gave me half fuch Care and Pkins
As they, who turn poor People*s Brains
With'Venom'd Drugs and magic Lay — —
Thefe I can never fright away;
For when the beauteous Queen of Night
Up-bTt» her Head adom*d with Light, Hither
God obliged to'confefi, that hi known not how to he reven^ for
the ihameful Oatraget committed againft hit Divinity hf thefe inft.
mooB Witches. Bot Spite and Vekation at laft f«rniAed him with
a wiwaifical Vengeance. Sak.
20. .0>t mmMo fitrdtre poffam,] They were too frightfbl and ugly
to tempt the God t6 poniA thchi in a Manner proper for fuch a
God,' Befidet, henrfghtweUbeappreheniivethat they might idl
in Love with the PuniAment. The mifei^ble Deity might fay of
thefe Creatmet what GatuHia docs of the Thieves^ who plua^ercd
his Oardeb, rather tlnn any other.
The Fears of Puniihrnent defight you.
And even my very Threats invite you.
Ifimirmm mpinrumctmfolatis adfmntm^
2i« S'tmul ac ^aga ims,'\ The Moon prefided over all Enchant-
idents, and was believed to be mofl favourable when in the full decorum
99 bccauff Ae thea iofufed a Wronger Spirit into the magical Herbs*
F 5 Toaa.
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.^
io6 Q. HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. r.
Protulit os» quin ofTa legant herbafque nocentes. ^
Vidi egomec nigra foccii^dain vzdett palla
Canidiam, pedibus nudis, paiToque capillo
Cam Sagana majore alalantem. Pallor utrafque 25
Fecerat horrendas afpedo . Scalpere terrain
Ungaibusy & pullam divellere mordicns agmUn
Coeperunt : cruor in fofTam confufus, ut inde
Manes elicerent, animas refponfa daturas.
Lanea & effigies erat, altera cerea : major 30
. Lanea, quae poenis co mge fceret inferiorem.
[ Cerea fuppliciter ftabat fervilibus, ut quae
Jam peritura, modis. Hecaten vocat altera, faevam
Altera Tiiiphonen. Serpentes atque videres
Infemas errare canes, Lunamque rubentem, 3;
Ne foret his teftls» poft magna latere fepulcra.
Mentior at fi quid, merdis caput inquiner albis
Corvorum, atque in me yeniat midlum atque cacatum
JuBus,
S2. Sfuim offk ligMt.J The new Gardens pofleiTed only Put of
the Hill ; the reft was yet covered with human Bones. Da c«
29. Smdnffam voiferg pfilla.'\ Ovid defcrlbes Medea with her
Robe flowing and loofe ; but perhaps Ctnidia was didTed in this
Manner, that (ka might walk better, or ihe might untie her Girdle
when the Ceremonies began. ^^ Toaa.
26. Scd^erwtenam U9gui6us,2 There are here feme extraordinary
Particulars ; that the Witches due this magical Trench with their
Nails, and that they did not £ut the Throat of the Viaim, but tore
it into Pieces with their Teeth. There are not any Examples of theie
execrable Ceremonies among the Ancients, and certainly Horace in-
vented them to make Caoidia more odious* Da c •
18. UffndiMoHMtlictrMt.] Black Vi^ims alone were facrificed
to the infernal Gods, nor was any thing fuppofed more delicious to
the Souls of the Departed than Blood. Thcv could not forelel any
future Events or anfwer any Queftions, until they had drunk of it.
Ulyfles was obliged to draw his Sword to frighten them away horn
the Blood he had poured into the Trench for Tirefias. Dac.
31, Jnfiriotem,'] This little Figure probably r^prefented Varius,
iPvhohadfor&keaCanidia, aswefindinthefifthEpode. San.
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)
Ssit. S. Ths SATiRBa OF HoRACi* 107
Hither they come, pernicioas Crones I
To {gather poifonous Herbs and Bones.
Canidla with diflievel'd Hair
(Black was her Kobe, her Feet were bare)
With Sagana, infernal Dame !
Her elder Sifter, hither can^e.
With Ycllings dire they fiUM the Place,
And hideous pale was either^s Face.
Soon -with their Nails they fcrap'd the Ground,
And fillM a niagic Trench profound
With a black Lamb's thick- ftreaming Gore,
Whoie Members with, their Teeth they tore.
That they may charm the Sprights to tell
Some curious Anecdotes from Hell.
The Beldams then two Figures brought ;
Of Wool and Wax the Forms were wrought j.
The Woollea was «red and tall.
And feourg'd the waxen linage fmall.
Which in. a fuppliant, fervile Mood
With dying Air juft gafping ftood.
On Hecate one Beldam caDs ;.
The other to the Furies bawk, ^
While Serpents crawl along the Ground,,
And Hell-born Bitches howl around.
The- bluflling .Mickon to fhun the Sight
Behind a Tomb withdrew her Light;
Oh ! if I lye,- may Ravens fhed:
Their Ordure on my facredHead ;;
May
35. Ufirtm$errare eana»'\ The Serpents were Eorc^ruiuiers of
Tt£]phooe,!aod the Bitches foretold that her infernal Majefty^ was
coining. Toa«.
Lunamfw ndemm,'\ The. Moon, aldioogb well u&d to magical.
CerKmonieSy was filled with tiorrour at the Sight of thefe, and en-
deavoured to bide herfdf* At other Incsintationi ihe uiuaJJy grfw pale;
F fi ^\it.
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I0t Qi^HoRATii Flacci Satira-rvm Lib. I.
Julius, Sc fragilis Pediatia, furqne Vonmus.
Singula quid memorem ? quo pa£h> altema loqueatcs 40
Umbrae cum Sagana refonarint trifte fracatam ?
Utque lupi barbam varise cum dente colubne
Abdiderint furtim terris ? Sc imagine cerea
Largior arferit ignis ? & at non tellis inultus
Horruerim voces Furiarum ac £l£k duanim f 4$'
Kam, dii^Kpfa fonat quantiUn veftca, pepedi
D'lB&k nace ficus : at iliac currere in orbem :
Canidiae dentes, altum Saganae cafiendrum
Excidere, atque herbas, atque incantata lacertxs
Vincuhy Cum magno rifuque jocoque videres. 50
Sat.
but here fte turns red in perfeft ShtnM and Indignation, att having
it in her Power, poor Goddeft ! to puniih the Wretches, who thua
infulted her.
39. JuIiuM, ^JragiUt PeHstia,'] We know not who JuliM was^
Pediatiut wai an infamoua Roman Knight, whom Horace, for hit
Sffeminacy, calls Pe^iatia. Thus Ariftophanes calls Cleonymus,
Chortfwu, Softratus, Strata, Tr^iltM marks the laft Eitcefs of
DilToIution. Cauq^
It is pleafant enough to fee the good Priapui taking an Oath, well
worthy of him, to confirm the Truth of what he faid, and con-
fenting, if he was forfwom, to ftand ezpofed to the moft villainous
Ilifults. San.
41. Rofanarint,'] Better agrees with MiJtrinf.^rfirif^ and
horriurim, than rejlniarint, which was probably a Miftake of the
Copyifts. BsvT. ^»jr. Sam.
Trifie fiff aattwK,'] The Tranflator hopes to be forgiven fair divi.
ding thefe Words as m a Dialogue between the Witdies and Ghofts,
altema kfumtn. The Voice of Ghofts in Homer is expteffed by
IVt^ucxi, JlriJentit, biffing 5 and in Virgil, by.atbini feeWeSoimt
Pari toiUre weem exiguam, but we never find vm trifiU applied to
them.
,J^^^.^-^^I^^^*^'\'^^^ "^^ amafticarFlre, for the
Witches hid tio other, by which the waxen Itaage wairconfamed.
D-ACi
Btitt^iijfh'i4ifffi's:y Tahi^r^piiltalk''in'tMs'Un«itor,
one would imagine he prbpofed'td' ddlroy'th'cfe' execrableCrSi'
: • * ■ turca-^
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Sat. S. Tm£ SAtXRBs OF HaRAci. 109
May Thieves and Proftitutes and Rakes,
Beneatk tay Noie exe& a JakeSb
Not to be^ tedious, or repeat
How Flats and Sharps in Concert meet.
With which the Ghofts ahd Hagl. maintain
A Dialogue of pafling Strain ;
Or how, to hide the Tooth of Snake
And Beard of Wolf, the Ground they break ;
Or how the Fire of Magic feiz'd
The waxen Form, and how it blaz*d j
Mark ! how my. Vengeance I jMirfu'd-
For all I heard, for all I view'd.
Loud as a Bladder hudls its Wind
Dreadful I thundered from behind.
To Town they fcamper'd ftruck with Fear,
This loft her Teeth and that her Hair-.
They drdpM the Bracelets irom their Anrt^>'
Their Incantations, Herbs and Charms ;
Who-c'er had feen them in their Plight-
Had burft with laughing at the Sight. Sat.
tures in an Inftant ; but a Fig-tr«6 God is not fo terrible. He
fngftd tbr Preiehee of liit DltiaitfAipia k''rhyi dififirtnt 'Mmner.
. ■ ^1 •••■•. • DACk'
4fc ^/ptdrJi TbeWooa, x>f whidi he wsis madfe, ndt being per-'
fHH)f dty^ bis'Godihip bnrHj the Witches took the Crac( for^
whit the Poet fays it vf^i, and'th^ God b<}afte of it, as a fignal'
Mark of his Vengeance. San.*
47, At ittt eamre.'j Nothing can be imaginecl more rldicubus.
The two niToft powerful Witches in the World, who could draw
dN'Jif the MtJott fttatk HtSiytn, ahtf rttife Spirits 'from Heil;^wh#'
were accuftomed to whatCTer was moft dreadful', are h'ere*'frightetf
wtdTa littMfoiiii;' ' ' ' '« j. 'Ten.
4ft: Cttni^^ dmei, ii/W»; ^f.J^ Cittnl^aVdrops her" Teeth, and"
S&gaiii her Ifair, from whenfce We niay p^Q^^fc'. t^e/Ahti^uity of
PernWi|s'andfalfeT^th j atth^ough it ddes th^nd'grcit Honourjj^
tlrat Witches brought-them into Faihioa,
Sat.
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tio Qj^HouATii Flacci Satirahum Lib. i.
Sat. IX.
IB A M forte via facra (ficot mens ed mos)
Nefcio quid medltans n^ggrum, totus in illis :
Accurit qaidam notus mihi nomine tantilm,
Axreptique manu : Quid agis». dulci£ime reruin ?
Saaviter, ut nunc eft, inquam : Sc cupio omnia quae
vis. S^
Quum afledaretur : Numqnid vis ? occupo. At iUe :
Noris nos, inquit : doGd fumus. Hie ego. Plans
Hoc, inquam» mihi eris. Mifere difcedere quseiens,.
Ire modo ocius, interdum confiftece, in aurem .
Dicere nerci9. <|aid puero.. Quum fudoi: ad imo8> u^
•Manaret t ^g s : O te, Bdane,, cerebri.
Felicem ! aiebam tacitus* . Quuqi quidlibet ille
Garriret :;
Traftflated by Dr.pvKMK*.
The ChttnEttt of Uns.Inpertsiieiit it, perhaps, a little too ftroaglj^
flwrked, but Satire and the Theatre are in Pofleffion of drawing
their Pidbirea larger than the Life. Thefe hold Strokes make a
' deeper XxDprefrion> and the Generality of Mankind ou^ht to have«
the Danger of a Ticioua !Exam]^le laid bi^fore them in the moft
aSarmingShape, that it may infpire them with greater Horrour.
Verf. I. Ih^mforti via facra, "^ Mr. Dacier imagines Horace waS
walking to the Forum about Bumiefs ; hut he feems rather to have •
been fauntering in the uTiial. Idlenefs of Peof^le^ who were from,
thence called Sacraviinjit.
, 6. J^umfuid Wf.] Donatus telk us in a Remark npos atPaffiige
in Terence^ that it was a polite, cuftom^iy Manner, of ipeaktqg
simongft the Romans, that they, might not feem to take thev ^aTe>
too.abiupUy, to iay at parting nitmftud vitf. as in modern Phrafe,.
iave you any Gotnmdndi f Ahttttrt^ nt id iirijacerm, numpiid vis,,
duebuni hit^ fuibufimn emfttrfffhtt^. ' -
f • lr$
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Sat. 9. The Satires of Horace. tir
Sat. IX.
MUSING, as wcmt, on this and that.
Such Trifles, as I know pot what.
When late the Street I (aunterM through,
A Wight, whofe Name I hardly knewr
Approadung pertly makes me fbmd,.
And thus accofis me. Hand in Haad.
" How do you do, my fweetcft Man ?'*'
Quoth I, as well as Mortal can.
And my bcft Wilhes yours — —When he
Would follow iWhat's your Will with me f
" That one of your profound difceming
" Should know me : Vm a Man of Learning/' — ^
Why then be fure upon that S9Qre
You merit my Regard the more.
Impatient to difcard the Fop,
One while I run, another flop.
And whifper, as he preiTes near.
Some nothing in my Servant's Ear.
But while at every Pore I fweated.
And thus in muttering Silence fretted —
'* Bolanus, happy in a Skull
" Of Proof, impenetrably dull,
•^ Oh
9* Ire nndh eeyl^iA Ariftotle one Day fell into the Handk of aa
Impertinent, who idling him ibme tedious Stoij^ aiked him whe-
ther he was not amaced at it ? No, fayi the Philosopher, but I am
wnaxedi that any Man, who hu two Legs, ihould ftay to hear it.
II. ti, Bo/ane, areiri fibetm,'} As we know not who Bola-
api was, we know not for what particular Caft of Humour the
Poet
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112 Q^HonATfi Flacci Satikajlvu Lib. I.
Garriret : vicos, urbem laudaret : uc illi
Nnrcfpondebam: Mlfert-cupi?; ihqaif, aKrr;
Jamdudum video : fed nil agis ; ufque Cenebo. 1 5
Profequar hinc, quo nunc iter eft tibi. Nil opus eft te
Circuxnagi ; quemdam volo vifere non tibi notum ;
Trans Tiberiin longe cubat is, prope CaeTaiis hortbs*
Nil habeo quod again. & non fum piger ; ufqae fe^
quar te.
Demitto auriculas, ut iniquas lAentis afellus, j^
Quum gravius dorfo fubiit onus. Incipit ille :
Si bene me novi» non Vifcum pluris amicom^
Non Varium fades: nam quis me fcribere plures,
Aut citius poOit verfus ? quis membra morere
MolliiSis ? Invtdeat quod Sc Hermogenes, ego canto. 25
Interpeltandi locvs hie erat Eft ■ tibi mater»
Cog:.
Poet introduces him here. This Commentators think he was a Cho«
leric, who would have made our Impertinent feel his Refefttment*
But there ieems to be a more Pleaiantry in fimpofing him a Phleg»-
matic, who could hear with ^tience j or a Stupid^-^who could be
pleaied with fuch a Companion.
26. Interpellandi lotws bU fruT.] MThen onr Pratler had thitft
frankly declared his own cood Qualities of Dancing, Rhiming,
Slinging, the Poet thought this a lucky Opj>ortunity of mterrupting
him. He conjures him by the Lore, which he has for his Mother
and Relations, that he would take a tender Care of all thefe Ex-
cellencies for their Sake^ and not trifle away his Time thus laviihly«
%^. SMk
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Sat. f. The Satires of Hokacb. Ii3
•« O for a Portion of thy Brains" ■«■
He on the Town spid Streets and Lanes
His prating, praifing Talent tryM,
And, when I anfwercd not, he cry'd»
Ay, 'tis too plain ; you can't deceive me,
Yoa miferably wifli to leave me.
But I fhall never quit you fo :
Command me whither would yon go ?—
You do me Honour but, in fhort.
There's not die leaft Occafion for't.
I vifit one ■■ to cut the Strife*
Yoa never faw him in your Life ;
• Nor would I lead you fuch a Round ■ '
He lives above a Mile of Ground
Beyond the Tyber '* Never talk
•* CXv Diftancc, foy I love a Walk*
«« I never hive the leall Enjoyment'
•' la Idleneft : I want Employment,
<« Come on ; I'muft and will attend
** Your Peribn to your Journey's End.^*
Like vicious Afs, that freting beari
A wicked Load, I hang niy Ears ;
While he, renewing his Civilities,
«« If well I know my own Abilities^
<« Not Vifcus, though your Friend of yore,
•« Not Varius could engage you more ;
«< Tor who can write mclodius Lays
«< With greater Elegance or Eafe ?
«* Who moves with fmotoiher Gr*ee-his Limbs
<« While throu^ the mazy Dance he fwims I
«< Befid^s, I fing tothat Degiee
«• Hcrmogcncs might envy me."
Have
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JI4. (^HORATII FlACCI SATfRAILVM Lib. !•
Cognati^ queis te falvo eft opus ? Haud miht quifquam :
Omnes compoTiii. Felices ! nunc ego redo,
' £onfice : namqae inflat fatum mihi tiifte, Sabella
Quod puero cecinit mota divina anos urna : 50
Hanc neque dira venena, neqae hoiliais auferet eniis^
Nee laterum dolor, aut tuffis, nee tarda podagra ;
Garrolas hunc quando confumet cunque : loquaces.
Si Sapiat, vitet, iimul atque adoleverit stas.
Ventum erat ad Veihe, quarta jam parte diei 5^
Pneterita ; & cafu tunc refpondere vadatus
Debebat ; quod ni fcciflet, perdere litem.
Si me amas, inquit, paulum hic ades. Inteream^ &
Aut valeo ftare^ aut novi civilta jura :
Et
19* MtfOr.] The Samnrtet, m whole Keighboorhood.our Poet
WM bon, were remarkable for their Skill in Magic.
30. M9t^ divina mmu tmia.'] The Dirination was performed in ^hU
Manner. A Nnmbcr of Letters and entire Words were thrown into
an Urn and Oaken together. When they were well mixed, tbcf
jrtn poured oat, and if any thing intelli^ble appeared !n them,
from thence the Witch formed her Divination and Anfwers. As an
wiSrrr****^' ^" ^^« «> **«» of theie magkal Rites by the
wordCJrw, the Gentleman, who tranflatcd the Satire, hath altered
« ^r Terms better known in the Ceremonies of modem Witch-
craft J tbf St0vt and Shear .
aniL^»r'V'*^'''^'^"'>*'*'''^-] The firftHouroftheDay
^r^~ ^"^V^ anfwerei to oi fixth. Martial fays, the
^5L?. I ""^^^ ? "^ *>^ *^« Clock fxercit raucoi thtia cau.
•^«Ho^ceTaffXX?rpi?^^^^^^^ after their opening.
a V^Vb^tm^;""^^^^^^^ ^''"'V H"^"^'"'' ^*>^'^«'- ^'*- «
^Jhnder,T^^^^^, ""t^^^ « • paffive Sgnification.
$»^ of the ^r ""^^""^y ^' ^M'/'» as i« ufual in the Lan-
2^' Si me am^, 1 lur - Be NT. CoN. San.
V'ith a Vowel. A* L^Ucf^'f^^T!. *^""^^ ^« "«^ Word begins
as in Virgil, ^r ^^^^^^^ O' Profody imitated from the Gn^ek*
San*
39. Aii
Google
Sat. 9. The Satiabs of Houace. 11$
Have you no Mother, Sifter, Friends,
Whofe Welfare on your Health depends ?—
•* Not one ; I faw them all by Turns
" Securely fettled in their Urns."
Thrice happy they, fecure from Pain ?
And I thy Vidim now remain ;
Difpatch me : for my Goody-Nurfc
Early pre{kg*d this heavy Curfe.
She con*d it by the Sieve and Shears^
And now it falls upon my Ears —
Nor Poifon fell, with Ruin ftor*d.
Nor horrid Point of hoftile Sword,
NorPlcurify, nor Afthma- Cough,
Nor Cripple-Gout ihall cut him off:
A noify Tongue and babbling Breath
Shall teize and talk my Child to Death.
But if he would avert his Fate,
When he arrives at Man's Eilate, '
Let him avoid, as he would Hanging,
Your Folks long-winded in Haianging.
We came to Veila's about Tcd„
J^nd he was bound in Perfon then
To ftand a Suit, or by the Laws
He muft have forfeited his Cauic^
Sir, if you love me, ftep afidc
A little into Court, he cry'd.
If I can ftand it out, quoth I,
Or know the Pradice, let me die :
Befide%
35, jiut valeofian,] Horace ufca the Law-temw, ri^n^u
mdtjjiyfiafi^ rem rtlinqutrt. The firft fignifics t© appear htforrf a
Judge upon a Summons 5 the fecond was properly to attend on th«
Ferfon who appeared, and to fupport his Caufe 5 the third markt
the Pofture in which he ftood, and rtUnqutrt caujdm to iuffcf l*ua*
(elf to be non-fuittd fornot appearing.
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ir6 Q;^HoRATll FlACCI SaTIRARUM Lib. M^f^
£t propero, quo fcis-Dubius fum quid faciaxn, inquit ; 40H
Tcne rdinquam, an rem. Me fodes. Non fkciam, ille :
Et pnecedere coepit. Ego (ut contendere durum
Cum vi^lore) fequor. Maecenas quonaodo tecum ?
Hinc repetit; paucorum hommum^ 8c mentis bene
fknae?
Nemo dexterius fortuna eft ufus : haberes 45
Magnum adjutorem, poffet qui ferre fecund^ ;
Hunc hominem vclles fi tradere, difpercam, ni
Summoffcs omnes. Ifto non vivitur illic.
Quo tu rere, modo. Domus hac nee purior ulla eft.
Nee magis his aliena malis : nil mi officit, inquam, ' 50
Ditior
44. Paucorum bcmhitMr,'\ A Man of D^p^tnmifir, wbd doet mr
tmwrfe with tbt Aiukitude, ar in Tei«nce^ hh bom tfi perpamn*
rum bominum, Scipio having engaged three or four Friends to fitp
with him, and intfeftdlrtg td make fome others, who came to iee
him, ftay with hiqa, Pontius whifpeted him 5 CenJUir, S^iph, w&tff
you are doiug , tbis is a dtlicate Fijb, paucorum homimun, atid dm
not lovt a great deal of Company^
±6. Magnum ai^utorem.] Adjutor was a Perfon, who aflifted a
Flayer either with his Voice or ASion, but in what Manner is to
us inconceivable, as we have nothing like it on our Stage. Fern
featndas may be fomewhat better explained by a Paflage in Cicero 5
He wtil mt eiec't bis utmtfi Efofuenee, but c.nfult your Htnomr and
Reputation by lowertng bis omn Abilities and raifing yours Tbut
tve fee among tbe Grecian Actors, tbat be, wbo plays the fecond ar
tbtrd Partf conceals bts own Povtory tbat tbt printtpal Playtr may
appear to tbe beft Advantage.
Our Impertinent therefore promifes Horace, that far from any
Defign of fupplanting him- in the Favour of Maecenas, he will be
contented to play the fecond Part, and ufe his utmoft Abilities to
raife our Pocfs Charafter, as a principal Ador. The Reader may
turn to the Note on the twelfth Line in the eighteenth Epiftle.
* •J'; ?*i"* ***""'* wlletji tradere.-} Our Pratler, perfedUy ft-"
tisfted of hifc own Merit, only deflres to be prefented to Maecenas 5
.and fo httle doubts of his Succefs, that he already oflfers his Pro-
tedtion to the Perfon, who Ihali introduce him. Sa n,
4X. ;/h non witur illic.ll The Praifes of Mecenas upon his
Afaoner of liYing with his Friends are told with a very pleafing
Simplicity^
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Sat. 9. The Satires of Horace. 117
Bdides, I am obliged to go
Precifcly to the Flacc you know.— -
*« I am divided what to do,
•« Whether to leave my Caufe, or you."—
Sir, I befcech you fpare your Pains.
Your humble Servant——** By no Means.**
I follow, for he lea^s the Way ;
'Tis Death j but Captives muft obey..
Then he renews his plaguy Strain, as
** How ftands your Friendfhip with Msccenas ?—
•* For Friendlhips, he contrafts but few,
** And {hews in that his Judgment true.— —
*• Comtnend me to you, Brother-Bard,
'• No Man has play'd a furer Card.
*' But you fhould have a Man of Art:
" One, who might ad an under-part.
** If you were pleas'd to recommend,
** The Man I mention, to your Friend,
^' Sir, 'may I nevpriec the Light
" But you fhall rout your -Rivals quitc."«ip—
W^livc ijot^ere,-^as you fujgpofe,
^ On' iuch' precarious Terms as thofe :
.No FaotUy was •ever piir<r:
From, iiich lufedions none fecurcr.
It
Simplicity, and are fo much greater, at they arc aJmofI peculiar to
him- Different from them, who have Abilities to govern an Em-
pire, yet know not how to regulate their own Affairs, he can at-
tend the public Bufinefs, without negleaing the Care of his pri^
vatc Fortune. His Favour was the Reward of pcrfonal Merit,
and his i Friends, without endeavouring to fupolant each other in
his Eftecm, paid Homage to his Choice, and the:r fole Emulatimi
was to juftify that Choice by their Condua. Da c. Sa n.
50. XrjMv.] laftead of imfaam is of more thaa twelve Manu-
f^ripts. ^^ ^^
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Lx8 C2:^HoK.ATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. I
Ditior hie, aut eft quia dodUor : eft locus uni-
euique fuus. Magnum narras, vix credibile. Atqui
Sic habet Accendis quare cupiam magis lUi
Proximus efie. Vdisjtantummodo, quae tua virtus^
Expugnabis : Be eft qui vinci poftit ; eoque 55^
Difficiles aditns primes habet. Haud mihi deero ; 1
Muneribus fervos comimpam ; non, hodie fi
Exclufus fuerOy defiftam ; tempora quacram ;
Qccurram in triyiis : deducam. Nil fine magno
Vita labore dedit mortalibus. Hxc dum agit; ecce 60
Fufcus Ariftius occurrit, mihi carus, Sc ilium
C2iU pulchre nofTet Cdnfiftimus. Undevenis? Sc
Quotendis? rogat, ^lefpondet. Vell^r e co&pi^
£t preniare manu lentifiima brachia> nutans,
Piftorquens oculos, at me eriperet. Male falfus 65
Ridens
Ks» Eft pii vinci p^ffit.] The Poet fays, Macenas was nutu-
rally eafy to be gained, Init that a Seafe of his own 'Weaknefs
obliged him to guard himfelf a^jaisft the firft Addrefles of a Stran-
gar* Et, for tdeo diffidlti Mbtai prin»» babety quia 9ft qtti vinci
pojit ; as in Terence, m tibi wdetur fiedus, fittm veftem tttam im
babtt. Bxkt«Sak<
65. Mal^ fr!fai.'\ lafrebe, ntptitcr & dawmfi Jklfut. Malig-
nantly pleafant. If Ariftius had told Horace he had forgotten, he
might have been excufed, hut he was determined to infult him in
hia Misfortune, by remembcriog the Bufinefs, and refolving to talk
of ii feme other Time* Sav.
^9. Trich
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Sit. 9. Tub SAtiaBs op Hokacb. 119
It never hurts me in the leaft.
That one excels in Wealth, orTafte ;
> Each Perfon there of courfe inherits
A Place proportion'd to his Merits——
•• 'Tis wonderful, and to be brief,
'' A Thing almoft beyond fielief/'— — •
Biit, whether you believe, or no.
The Matter is exa6Uy fo.
' ** This adds but Fewel to the Pik,
" The more you kindle my Defire
" To kifi his Hand, and pay my Court."-—
' Aflail, and yoa (hall take the Fort.
• Such is the Vigour of your Wit,
And he is one, who can fubmit ;
The firft Attack is therefore nke;,
The Matter is to break the Ice.
** 1 ihan't be wanting there, he cryM,
' " I'll bribe his Servants to my Side ;
" To-Day fliut out ftill onward prefs,
** And watch the Seafons of Accefi j *
** In private haunt, in public meet,
" Salute, efcort him through the Street.
" There's nothing gotten in this Life,
*' Without a World of Toil and Strife f '•
While thus he racks my tortur'd Ears,
A much-lov'd Friend of mine appears,
Ariilius Fufcus, one who knew
My fweet Companion through and through*
Wc ftop, exchanging " So and fo :"
•* Whence come, and whither do you go ?"
I then began in woful wife
To nod my Head, diftort my Eyes,
And pull his Renegado Sleeve,
That he would grant me a Reprieve; 3ut
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120 Q^HoEATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib..JI»
Ridens diffimulare : meum jecur urere bills.
Ceite nefclo quid fecreto veUeJoqoi te
Aiebas meciun. Memini bene ; fed meUori
Tempore dicam i hodie tricefima fabbata. Vis tu
Curtis Judseis oppedere ? Nulla mihi, inquam, 70
Religio eft. At mi ; fum paulo infirmior, unus
Multorum ; ignofces : alias Ipquar. Hunccine folem
Tarn nigrum furre^e mihi ? Fugit improbas, ac me
Sub cultro linquit. Caiu venit obvias illi
Adverfarius, Sc : Quo tu turpiffime ? magna 75
Inclamat voce, Sc ; Licet anteftari ? Ego vero ,
Oppono auricttlam. Rapitin jus ; damor utrimque,
Undique concurfus. Sic me feryavit Apollo . Sat.
69. Tn'eefiwis faiUit.] The Jews began their Year the. firft of
September, and celebrated their Pafchal Festival the fifteenth of
April in the thirtieth Week, - iBrom whence Horace calls it tricefimm
/Mata. It continued eight I>ay8, of which the two firft and two
laft were obferved with fo much Solemnity,- that it was not per-
mitted even to talk of Bufinefs. Auguftus, in Imitation of Julius
Ccfar, allowed the Jews uncommon Privileges* He not only per*
mitted them an undiftnrbed Enjoyment of their Helicon, but efta-
bliihed Funds, that they mij^t offer a Bull and two Lambs in the
Temple of Jerufalem every Day for him and his Family. Da c.
71. Uims mMltortm.} Oiueftbe MuUitudt \ Although Ariftins
had probably af little Religion^ in its prefent Meaning of Scrufdes
and Superftition, as our Epicurean Poet.
76. Licet antefiaru'\ When a Man had given Bail in a Court of
Tuftice, if he taegU£ted tfaejrime of Appearance, he ought be ta-
ken by Force before the Prxtor. But tne Perfon, who would ar*
reft him, was obliged, before he ufed him with Violence, to have
aWitnefsof his Capture, mitfftari. This. however couU not be
done without the Confent of the Witnefs ; who therefore willingly
offered the Captor his Ear to touch, who was fiable, if thefe Forms
were not obferved, to an Action, injmriarMm dBitmem, ButThJevcs*
and People of infamous Characters were not treated with fo much
Formality. When a Fellow in Plautus cries out, H^ill yea not call
s ff^itneh befort j/ou feixt me? Ncnne tmteftarit f he is anfwer.d,
M^af, Jball 1 totub mn hont/i ManU Ear fwjucb a Scoundrel Msyem
artt Pliny tells us the lower'^Part of thenar is the Seat of Me-
mory, from whence came this Form of their Laws.
77. OPpono mmricuhm.^ Such was the Law-term, which our Poet
voy willingly pronouactd^ to fignify the Coofe&t of the Witnefs.
78. Sic
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Sat. 9. The Satires of Hoeaxb. i2t
But he was abfent all the while.
Malicious with a leering Smile.
Provoked at his DiiTimulation
I burft with Spleen and Indignaition.
" I know not what you had to tell
" In private." 1 remember well :
Bat ihall a Thy of Bufinefs chufe,
This is the Sabbath of the Jews ;
You would not thus offend the leathern-
curtail'd AfCnnblies of the Brethren.——
** I have no Scruples, by your Leave,
" On that account." But, Sir, I have :
I am a little fuperflitious.
Like many of the Croud capricious :
Forgive me, if it be a Crime,
And I ihall talk another Time.
Oh ! that fo black a Sun fhould rife !
* Away the cruel Creature flics.
And leaves me pariting for my Life
Aghail beneath the Butcher's Knife.
At laft, by fpecial A€t of Grace
The Plainfiff meets him Face to Face,
And bawls as loud as he could bellow :
*» Ha ! whither now, thou vileft Fellow ?
** Sir, will you witnefs for my Capture V*
I fignified, I would with Rapture j
And then to magnify the Sport
He drags my Pratlcr into Court 5
And thus, amidft the Noife and Rabble,
Apollo fav'd me in the Squabble.
7%,Sicmefervavit jUpolIo] A Poet naturally attributes hif
Deliverance to the God of Poets, but the Favour had been more
welcome, if it had been granted a little fooner. Saw.
Vol. IIL G Sat.
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tzt C2;^Ho&ATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. I^
Sat. X.
1^ T £ M P £ incompofito dixi pede currere verfas
1^ Ludli. Quis tarn Lucili hutOT inepte eft»
fjc non hoc fateatur ? At idem, quod fale multo
Urbem defricuit, charta laudatur eadem.
Nee tamen hoc tribuens, dederun quoque caetera :
nam fie 5
£t Laberi mimos^ ut pukhia poemata, mirer.
Ergo non fatis eil rifu diducere ridum
Auditoris ; & eft quaedam tamen hic quoque virtus z
Eft brevitate opus, ut currat fententia, neu ie
Impediat verbis laiTas onerantibus aures : ia
Et
LuciJIus had his numerous Admirers in Rome, who were greatly
^ifobliged by the Freedom, with which our Poet had treated him
in his fourth Satire. Horace was determined to fupport his own
Judgment, and inftead of making in Apology, confirms what he
had faid with his utmoft Force and Addrefs. If Criticifin, as a
great Rhetorician afTerts, be the laft Effort of Reflexion and Judg-
ment, we ihall equally admire the Critic as the Poet, in the fol-
lowing Satire.
We may fix the Date of it, with Mr. Sanadon, m 727, or 728 ;
feecaufe the Temple of Apollo Palatinus, mentioned in the thirty-
oghth Line, was not dedicated b^re the Year 726.
^hZTl^ W^^'rff '«"«M'^.l Horace blames Lucilius for having
kp^a^?fT•^''^^'*'^^^^^P^**^^^y<'f^is Genius, currere ^rfus, and
Jows^hroSf^T ^-^ ^'' Verfification, znccmf,lfiio pede. Oni fol-
that thev ^^ccL*"' ''1'' ^^^^^^^ ^"^^ ^* ^ Vocticll Compofitions,
A Poet ^whrr.' J^r^^' '° P^°P°^i^« to the Trouble tley coft.
S:afe he'..^H«^"'l"^' *.? g^" Honour by profeffing with how much
^ery littTe f"' re ^ "i* ' • ^ Prejudice againft him, for he is either
he ,«« ^peS Is 't^^^ ^' i ^^'y >^d Poet. The greateft Favour
P«« IS, th^ we hope his W^orks may give him the Lie.
Sam.
a. ^««
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Sat. to. Tmb Satires of Horacb. 125
Sat. X.
YE S, I did fay, that his rough Vcrfcs rolled
In ruder Style precipitately bold ;
Who reads Lucilius with fo fond ah Eye,
Fooliihly fond, who can this Charge deny ?
But, that with Wit he lafh'd a vicious Age,
He^s frankly prais*d in the fame equal Page.
Should I grant more, I may as well admit
Laberius" Farces elegantly writ.
*Tis not enough a burfting Laugh to raife^
And yet even this may well deferve its Praife ;
Clofe be your Language ; let your Senfe be clear.
Nor with a Weight of Words fatigue the Ear.
From
.£• S^uittam Luciiu] We may fay of Lucilius, that he has has
the- good Fortune of fome Women, who with very little Beauty
have raifed very violent Pailions in their Lovers. He had a power-
ful and numerous Party of Critics in his Favour, who carried
Cudgels under their Robes to beat all them, who dared to find fault
with his Verfcs : and even QuintUian is numbered amongft thofe Ad-
mirer^, whom Horace calls ridiculous, itu^e» Dac.
5. Ntc tamen bee tribuem.'] Our Poet does not deny Lncilius his
juft Praife of Wit and Humour, but fays it cannot be concluded
that his Poetry was perfe6l, meerly becaufe it made us laugh. One
Excellence does not necelTarily fuppofe all the reft. The Perfection
of a Poem confifts in joining together the beautiful and the pleafing.
Dac. San.
6. Labert mimot.'] Mimi were Farces written purely . for Di-
verfion and Laughing. Decimus Laberius was made a Reman
Knight by Julius Caefar. He had long maintained the iirft Cha-
ra^er in this Kind of ^Writing, but Publius Syrus at laft became his
Rival, and carried oflT all the Applaufe of the Theatre*
G a lit X)«-.
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124 Q^HoKATii Flaoci Satirarum Lib. i.
Et fermone opus eft modo trifti, faepe jocofo :
Defe|}(|ente vicem modo rhetoris, atque poetae :
,Interduin urbani, parcentis viribus, atquc
Extenuantis eas confulto. Ridiculum acri
Fortius ac meliiis magnas plerumque (ecat res. 15
lUi, fcripta quibus cQmcedia prifca viris eft.
Hoc ftabant, hoc funt imitandi j quos neque pulchcr
Hermogenes unquam legit, nee fimius ifte.
Nil prseter Calvum & doftus cantare Catullum.
At magnum fecit, quod verbis Graeca Latinis 20
Mifcuit. O feri ftudiorum ! quine putetis
Difficile & mirum, Rhodio quod Pitholconti
Contigit. At fermo lingua cQDcmnus utraque
Suavior (ut Chio nota fi commifta Falerni eft)
Quum
IS, Defendente weem modo rbetoris] Sometimes aiTuming the
Charafter of a Rhetorician ; fometimes of a Poet j fometimcs of a
Rallicr, and parcentis 'virJhus muft be referred in common to them
all. (Horace does not fay, that the St} le of Satire ihould be eloquent ;
but that it fliould have Strength to convince, Addrefs to perfuade, and
Art to elude an Objeftion j that it ihould be animated with the
Spirit of Poetry, and enlivened by a chearful, deLcate Raillery.
Such is the Defcription of an Orator by Cicero. He muft ba^ve a «r-
tain Elegance, and Fleafantry, and Erudition fit for a Gentleman,
with Vivacity and Strength to attack and confute \ with PoUtenefs
and Addrefs to injinuate and perfuade. The Word Rhetorician, be-
ing little known except in the Schools, has been changed in the
Tranflation for that of Critic, which is Part of our Poet's Cha-
tafter in the prefent Satire.
14. Ridiculum acn\] It is a Fa£l of all Ages, that a lively Jcft is
capable of difconcerting the graveft Reafons and Reafoners. Rifis
rerum fape maximarum momenta vertit, fays Qjuintilian* Thefc
happy Sallies do not depend on Art or Defign ; they rife to Life at
cnce, and are always beft, when neither premeditated, nor ex-
pelled. Sah.
17. S^ues ne^e pulcber,"] Hermogenes was a Mufician, and pro-
bably remarkable for an effeminately handfome Face, and he is Jjcrc
fet in oppofition to fome Perfon, equally diftingui/hed for the Coun-
tenance of an Ape. We do not not know his Name, but the Pic-
ture is too ftrongly drawn to doubt that the Original mufi have
Wen eaiily known.
19. JWf/
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Sat. ro. The Satire*^ of Horace. 12c
From grave to jovial you muft change with Art,
Now play the Critic's, now the Poet's Part ;
In Raillery affume a gayer Air,
Difcreetly hide your Strength, your Vigour fpare.
For. Ridicule fhall frequently prevail.
And cut the Knot, when graver Reafons fail.
The ancient Writers of the comic Stage
Our Imitation here may well engage.
Though read not by Tigellius, fmooth of Face,
Or yonder Ape, of horrible Grimace.
Calvus, Catullus better fuit their Vein,
Whofe wanton Songs they chaunt in tuneful Strain.
But yet a mighty Feat it muft be thought——
" His motley Page with Greek and Latin's wrought I".
Blockheads ! who think it wonderful or hard.
So oft performed by yonder Rhodian Bard.
** But Languages each other may refine
" (As Chian foftens the Falernian Wine)
** At
19. Nil frattr Calvum,! Certainly Calvus and Catullus were
excellent Poets.. Aulus Gellius fays, they had a mofl delicate and
natural Poetry, Jluentet carminum delicias, Horace therefore cannot
be underftood to blame Hermogenes for reading them, but for read-
ing no other Author, or preferring them to all others.
Mr, Sanadon thinks Hermogenes and the Perfon Horace hath
coupled with him were a Couple of wretched Verfifiers j that even
the Poems they publifhed were ftolen from Calvus and Catullus,
and that our Author fays, CaJvum & Catullum cantare, as he before
iaid, Cychpa fahare,
il. Jeri Stadiwum /] Slai Itntos in ftudiit progrtffut feciftit.
They, who arc a little advanced in the Sciences, often admire in a
Work the moft cafy and leaft valuable Parts of it. Torr.
%%, Pitboleonti,'] Df. Bentley imagines, not without Probability,
that this Pitholeon was Marcus Otacilius Pitholaus, who wrote
fome fatirical Verfes on Julius Caefar. Horace calls him Pitholeon
for the fake of the Mea{ure, in Imitation of the Greeks, who gave
this Name and others like it, many different Terminations.
* 24.. Chio nota Ji commifta Falenii,'\ Nota Falemi for vimim Fj"
Itrnum from the Cuftoxn of marking their Wines.
G 3 27. Ob/itut
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126 Q. HoRATti Flacci Satirarum Lib. i.
IK
Qaum vcrfus facias. Tcipfum percontor, an & quum 25
Dura tibi peragenda rei fit caufa Petilli ;
Scilicet oblitus patriaeque patrifque (Latine
Qaum Pedias caufas exfudet, Poplicola, atque
Corvinus) patiiis intermifcere petita
Verba foris xnalis, Canuiini more bilinguis ? }•
Atqui ego quum Grsecos facerem, natus marc citra^
Verficulos, vetuit tali me voce Qairinus
Poft mediam vifus nodlem, quum fomnia vera :
In fylvam non ligna feras infani^s, ac fi
Magnas Graccorum malis implere catecvas. 3 5
Turgidus Alpinus jugulat dum Memnona, dumque
Defingit Rheni lotepm caput, hxc ego ludo,
Quse nee in aede fonent cexxantia, judice Tarpa,
Nee
«7. OtStyi patri^fMi fintriff&t] Fergetfil 0/your Country, antt
tht Language of your Ancifion, Cmijat exfudart Latin}, for Latina
Sngua, Latiuit voeabulii, is a ftrong, metaphorical Expreffion pro-
per for Satire, and all the beft Manufcripts declare for it. There is
amother Miftake here in making Fedius and Popiicola the fame
Pcrfon. This laft Name was given to the Valerian Family, of
which there were at that Time two Brothers in Rome, both Men
of Letters and con/iderable Orators. One was Valerius MeiTala
Corvinus J the other Vaherius Popiicola. Horace mentions them
cxprefly in the eighty-fifth Line of this Satire. Pedins was ap-
parently a Son of the Conful in the Year 711. Tokk. San,
30. CanuJSfii mere bi/iftg«is.] Canufium was built by Diomed.
Its Inhabitants, originally Greekc, had preferved maMy Words of
their firft Language, which being mixed with Latin made a ridicu-
lous, difagreeable Jargon. Virgil for the iame Reafon calls the
Tyrians, bilinguet.
32. VetMtt meytali.'} Our Poet, being confcious that his Reafon-
ing was sot extremely conclufive, takes care to let us know he
means it only as a Dream. He hath choien Romulus becaufe he
was more intereAed, than any other God, in obliging his Def-
cendants not to cultivate any Language but their own : or, perhaps,
he would animate the Romans to improve the Latin Tongue, and to
increafe the Numbet of their own Poets. Dac. San*
36. AlpinusJ] The moft probable Conjeflures induce us to be*
iieve, that Horace means Furius Bibaculus, a Poet of fome Reputa-
lion^ and not without Merit. He defcribea luin in another Satire
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Sat. ro. The Satires op Horace. lij
•• At leaft in Vcrfe." But fay, my rhiming Friend,
Were you that Thief Petillius to defend.
While other Lawyers fweated in the Caufe,
And urg'd in pure Latinity the Laws :
While wondering Crouds upon their Language hung.
Would you forgetful of your native Tongue,
In foreign Words and broken Phrafes fpeak.
The half-bred Jargon of a mungrel Greek ?
Italian bom, I once proposed to write
Some Grecian Verficles, in deep of Night
(When Dreams, they fay, are true) Rome's Founder
rofe.
And awful fpake, " You may as well propofe
*• To carry Timber to a Wood, as throng
** The crouded Writers of the Grecian Song."
Let fwelling Furius on th' affrighted Stage
Murder poor Memnon, or in muddy Rage
Deform the Head of Rhine : in idle Vein
I- write, what never fliall prefumc to gain
The Prize, where Metius high in Judgment fits
To hear the Labours of contending Wits ; Ot
pingui tenttts omafe, and here he calls him turgidus, not only from
the Fatnels of his Perfon, but the Flatulence of his Style. Th«
Syrname of Alpinus marks his being bom among the Gauls, who
Kved on the Alpes ; or it is given him, as Dr. Bentley pleafantly
nnderftands it, for a famous Line, which our Poet laughs at in
another Place, Jupiter bibemax tana ni-ve confpuit Alpeu Jugular
dam ASemwna is a Tone and Style of BomEaft in the true Spiri}:
of Burlefaue.
37. Depngii Rbeni btteum eapuu'] The greater Number of Manu-
fcripts, the beft ancient Editions, and beft modern Editors, give U9
this Reading inftead of diffingit, Dufingit is no more than Jingit,
Furins had defcribed the Sources of the Rhine, but drew fo fright-^
fnl a Picture of them, that Horace tells us he made the God of
the River with an Head of Mod. The Name of the Rhine in the
Celtic Language fignifies pure $ a Name given by the Aiperftitious
Celta?, who uied its Waters in Trials of Chaftity. Tor r. S a n».
3^8. Slu^ mfw in adt Jenm,] The Conuncntotor tdlt us Au-
G f gufiw
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iz% •Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib* t.
Nee redeant iterum atque iterum fpeflanda theatrisi
Arguta meretricc potes, Davoque Chremeta 40
Eludente fenem, comis garrire libellos
Unus vivorum, Fundani : Pollio rcgum
Fada canit pede ter pefcuffo : forte epos acer,
Ut nemo» Varias : du^u molle atque facetum
Virgilio annuerunt gaudentes rure Camenae. 45
Hoc erat, experto fruftra Varrone Ataciito^
Atque quibufdam aliis, melius quod fcribere poiTem^
Inventore minor : neque ego ilii detrahere auiim
Hacrentem capiti multa cum laude coronam.
At dixi fluere hunc lutulentum, faepe ferentem 50
Plura quidem toUfinda relinquendis. Age, quaefo,
Tu nihil in magno dodtus reprendis Homero ?
Nil comis tragici mutat Lucilius Acci ?
Non ridet verifus £nni gravitate minores ? .
Quum de fe loquitur^ hon ut majore repren£s. 5;
Quid vetat & nofmet Lucili fcripta legentes
Quaerere
guftus appointed five Judges, of whom Metius Tarpa was one, to di-
ilribute poetical Prizes, and determine what Plays Should be repre-
fentcd on the Stage. Voflius believes they v?ere eilabliHied in Imi-
tation of the Sicilians and Athenians. Mr. Dacier thinks they
Were continued under the Reign of Domitian.
43. Pede ter pe^cujpt ] The tragic Iambics had but three Meafurcs,
each Meafure having two Feet, from whence they were fometimes
called fenarii, and fometimes trimetra.
Forte epos acer'\ Variys acer^ ut nemo, canit forte epos. Forte
marks the Chai-adler of Epic Poetry, and acer that of Varius.
Virgil's /Eneid was not then publlihed.
51. P/ura quidem toilenda relinquendis.'\ Thefe Words are ufcd to
fofcen and moderate the preceding Lines, which being taken in tho
general Senfe they naturally prefent, would feem to fay, that Lu-
cilius had nothing excellent. Dixi Lualium fiuere futuletnum, non
quidem in omnibus, fed in pleriffue. Such is the Force and Meaning
q( quidem, San.
There is a Paflage in Seneca, which fecms an Imitation of our
Author, and which may be of ufc to exf Uin hiw« there were
wuBy
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Sat. lo. The Satires of Horace. 129
Or where the People with applauHing Hands
The well- wrought Scene repeatedly demands.
Of all Mankind, in light and chearfol Strain
Fimdaiiius beft can paint the comic Scene,
The wily Harlot, and the Slave, who join
To wipe the Mifer of his darling Coin.
Pollio in pure. Iambic Numbers iings
The tragic Deeds of Heroes and of Kings j
And Varitts in fublime and ardent Vein
Supports the Grandeur of the Epic Strain ;
On Virgil ail the rural Mufes fmile.
Smooth flow his Lines, and elegant his Style.
Satire dione remained, no eafy Strain,
Which Varro, and fome others, try'd in vain.
Where I, perhaps, fome flight Sttccefs may claim.
Though far inferior to th' Inventor's Pame :
Nor from his Head fliall I prefume to tear
That facred Wreath, he well deferves to wear.
I faid, his Verfe in muddy Rapture flows.
And more his Errors, than his Beauties fliows ;
But, prithee. You that boaft a Critic's Name
Bon^t you fometimes the mighty Homer blame ?
Does not Lacilius, though of gentle Strain,
Corredl even Accius and reform his Scene ?
And in his Pleafantry old Ennius rate,
When his dull Lines want Dignity and Weight ?
Yet when he fpeaks of his own Right to Fame
ConfeflTes frankly their fuperior Claim.
What then forbids our equal Right to know
Why his own Verfes inharmonious flow ?
Or
many Things in btnfy that yM might jufily iiame,.; many that you
migif admire, Bii Style Bovnd like a Torrent, violent^ r^d^
^ -^ G 5 57. ^^nt
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ijo Q. HonAtii Flacci Satirarvrt Life^ f J
Quxrere num iUias num. rerum dura negarit
Verficulos natura magis fados & eantes
MoIIius, ac & qais, pedibus quid daudere fenis
(Hoc tantum) contentus, aaiet fcripfifTe ducentos
Ante cibum verfus, totidem coenatus I Etrufd
Quale fuit Cafsi rapido ferventius amni
Ingenium ; ca^s quem fama eft efTe librifque
Amboftfun propriis. Fuerit Lucilius, inquam^
Cemis & urbanus ; fuerit li^tior idem, 65
Quam rudis & Gnecis intafli carminis audor,
Quamque poetarum feniorum turba : fed ille.
Si foret hoc noHrum fato dilatus in a^vum,
Detereret fibi multa ; redderet omne, quod ultra
Perfedlum trah^etur : & in veiiu faciendo y9
Ssepe caput fcaberet, vivos & roderet ungues.
Ssepe ilylum vertas, iteram qpas digaa le^ iint
ScriptuEus } neque,, te ut miretur turba^ labores^
Cour
57. Num WiuSy mm rerum,"] THc Modelty of Horace, and the
seal Eftecm he had for Lucilius; hindered him from deciding, whe-
iher thefe bad Verfes proceeded fix>m his Want of Genius, or from
the Difficulty of the Subjeft. But had he thought fit to fpeak hit
Opinion, he would undoubtedly have imputed them to Want of
Genius, for it is always a Fault of the Poet^ if he chufes a Sub-
ject, which he cannot expreib in a proper Manner. Dac»
59. Acji quit] Dr. Bentley hath happily explained t&is Paflage^
the Difficulty of which is generally acknowledged. Shiid ntetat &
90 1 qudtrnty num Latilii ingenium, num argumentum ipfrm negaverit
verftts politioret & moiHoret, fuam fi quisfnt eura & lima txtemf9*
rales bexumetros Jundatt In the fame Style we have infanius aejt^
and fuaviut acji iot auam Ji \ an Obfervation, which efcaped the
Conmientatirs, who therefore vead am Jiy equally without Autho*
fity, as without Ncceffity.
69. Rnideret emne quod ultra perfeBumJ] The common Fault
of great Writers is, that they never know when to flop. ThaC
Flight, which they give to their Imagination, hurries them aloog^
and ae they are always aininj; at fometlun^ jgrcat and fuUixnc; they
,y Google
, Sat: lO. The Satirbs of Horaci. 131
Or whether in his Subjeft lies the Fault,
Or in himfelf, that they're not higher wrought,.
'Than if the Art of Verfc were to confine
In ten low Feet a cold, dull Length of Line,.
Content his rhiming Talents to di^lay
In twice an hundred Verfes twice a Dajf:*
Such, Caffius, thy Rapidity of Song,.
Which like a foaming River pour'd along,.
Whofe volum'd Works (if Fame be not a Liar)
Kindled around thy Corpfe the funeral Firer
Lucilius rallies with politer Es£t
Than all the rhiming Tribe of ancient Days,
Nay more correft than him (I firankly own)
Who fbrm'd this Kind of Verfe to Greece unknow»;:
Yet, were he fated to the prefent Age,
He fure had blotted the redundant Page ;
Prun*d all li|xuriant Excellence away,
And while he labonr'd o'er th' inftruaive Lzf-
Would often fcratch his Head in dull Defpair
And to the Quick his Nails bemufing tear.
Would you a Reader's juft Efteem engage V
Frequent corred with Care the blotted Page ;.
Nor ftrive the Wonder of the Croud to raife> ,
But the few better Judges learn to pleafcw
Be
no longer write in the BacehanaKanSpiik, at Loflgiaui expreflcf it,
but really fink into Puerility. • Dac*
71. Sapt caput fcaberet,^ Writers frequently mb their Heads,
while' they are meditating, at if they intended to be brought to bed
like Jupiter. Certainly Varro aUuded to the Fable, when he faid^
Si0bnt capm n9v9 partv pmt9. Dac. -
« 5 ' 75. '^''^w
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132 Q;^HoRATii Flagci Satirarum Lib. 1.
Contentus paucis ledloribus. An tua demens
Vilibus in ludis didtari carmina mails ? 75
Non ego: nam fatis eft eqaitem mihi plaudere: at
audaxy
Contemtis aliis, explofa Arbafcula dixit.
Men' nioveat ciniex Pantilius ? Aut cruciet, quod
Vellicet abfentem Demetrius ? aut quod ineptus
Fannius Hermogenis Isedat conviva Tigelli ? 80
Plotius k Varius, Maecenas, Virgiliufque,
Valgius, & probet hac Odlavius, optimus atque
Fufcus : 8c haec utinam Vifcorum laudet uterque :
Ambitione relegata, te dicere poifum,
Pollio ; te, Meflala, tuo cum fratre : fimulque 85
Vos,. Bibule Sc Servi ; iimul his te, candide Furni s
Complures alios, dodlos ego quos 8c amicos
Prudens prsetereo : quibus haec, funt qualiacunque
Arridere velim ; dditurus, fi placeant fpe
Dcteriiis noftra. ETemctri, tequc, Tigelli, 90
Jiifcipu-'
75, yilihus in ludis,'] Schools of little Repntation, where Maf-
ters, without Tafle, made their Scholars read indifferently whateycr
new Books were publiihed. Surely a very wrong Method of Edu-
cation. Wc ought to give our Children the bcft Mailers, nor
ihould they read any thing but what is perfect in its Kind. S A N.
77. ArbufcuLifl Was a comic Adhefs of great Reputation in her
Characters.
78. Cruciet,^ An hoc nu moveat, an hoc me crueiet, qubd eimen
Pantilius, &c. By Miftake or Ignorance our modern Impreffions
read cruder, Cmnts todicet («m tfetufHi editimibut cruciet cUri
e»bibtHt^ BsirT.
l4« dbthitim
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Sat. Id. The Satires of Horace. 133
Be thine, fond Madman, fome vile School to chafe.
Where to repeat the Labours of your Mofe,
While I, like hifs'd Arbufcula unawM,
Def^e the Vulgar^ firtce ti% Krrfghts applaud.
Say, fhall that Bug Pantifius move my Spleen ?
Shall I be t^nor'd when a Wretch obfcene.
Or foplifh Fanriias, for a fordid Treat
With fweet Tigellius, fhall my Verfes rate ?
LetPldtittSy Yarias, and Mascenas deign
With VirgiF, Vafgitfe, to appirdvc* ftiy Strain;
Let good Odavius even endure my Lays ;
Let Fufcus read, and either Vifcus praife ;
Let me, with no mean Arts to purchafe Fame,
Pollio, MeiTala, and his Brother name :
Let Bibulus and Servius be my own.
And Furnius for a Critic's Candour known ;
Among my learned Friends are many more,
Whofe Names I pafs in modeft Silence o'er ;
Thefe I can wifh to fmile ; enjoy their praife i
Hope to delight, and grieve if 1 difpleafe.
Be gone, Demetrius, to thy lovefome Train
Of minftrel Scholars, and in fighing Strain,
With
84. Ambitiwi relegata,'] Amhitio has been here generally under-
ftood to mean, Flattery, Oftentation, Ambition, or Vanity. But,
as Mr. Sanadon obferves, it rather fignifies, caballing, urging tur
Intertft by /ow, dijhoneft Methods ; as in another Place, frava am*
bition€ procuL Cicero ufes the Word in the fame Senfe in his Epiftles,
although Mr Dacicr tranflates it differently, / fiall do what tbey
n^be to do, vfbo recommend religioujly and without tbe ufual Artt of
fttf porting a Party, religiojc &Jinc ambitiwc
91. Difci'
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154 C^HORATII FlaCCI SATfRARUM Lib. I^
DUcipularam inter jabeo plorare ic^hedras.
1, puer, atque meo citos hsec fubfcribe libello.
9 r. Difeipmiarum inttr, &c.l Thefe two wretched Rhimen, whb
coUld only warm a fecond Time the tender Sentiments they bad"
ftolen from Calvus and CatuUu;, are here pleafantly fent to enter-
tain their Harlots with impertinent Cnticifms, and to receive that
Applaufe, which Women of their Tafte may be fuppofed to giT^
to the lamentable Poetry of fuch inflpid; languifhing Lovers*
Sait,
91. /, puer, 1 This Line has a little- Air of Triumph. The
Poct^ aflur«d that his Caufe was good, finiftes the Satire iii the
Q;^HailATfX
,y Google
I Sat. lo. Thb Sat»kbs of Hokacb. i$$
With foft Hennogenes thefe Rhimes deplore——
Haile, Boy, tranfcribe me this one Satire more.
&me menacing Tone, with winch he began it. He opent with a
Confinnation of what he had faid in the fourth Satire againft Lu*
cilius, and he ends with a Declaration that he periSfta in the fame
Ppinion. We may look upon thefe two Pieces^ at upon two Jom
firaments in a Procefs at Law. The firft is a kind of Accuiation^
MeUus, prefented againft this ancient Satirift ; the fecond is a Sub-
fcription, fubjcribty which ratifies that Accufation. For thefe Rca-
fons Mr. Sanadon thinks the Poet never intended it flioold be placed
at the End of his firft Book of Satires* bat flioold follow that which
he had written oa the iame Subjed*
End of the Firft Book of Satibbs.
THB
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( «35 )
Qj^HoRATii Flacci
SATIR ARUM
LIBER SECUNDUS.
Sat. I.
HORATIUS. TrEBATIUS.
HORATIUS.
SUNT quibus in fatira videor nimis acer, & ultra
Legem tendere opus : fine nervis altera quidquid
Compofui pars eife putat, fimilefque meorum
Mille die verfus deduci pofle. Trebati,
Quid fociam ? prxfcribe.
Trebatius.
Quiefcas. Hqra-
In his firft Book of Satires our Poet oppofes the Vices of Man-
kind ; in this he refutes the falfe Opinions of the Philofophers. Such
a Defign requires more Force and more Erudition than the former.
The Reader may therefore expe£l to find this Book better fupported
with Reafoning and Learning than the firft* In the prefent Satire
there is one continued Vein of Raillery under an Appearance of much
Serioufnefs and Solemnity. Horace, finding that a Number of Peo-
ple were provoked and alarmed by the Liberty of his Writings, even
while they feemed to defpifc the low, profaic Style, in which they
were written, applies, with a State of his Cafe, to a venerable and
able Lawyer for his Advice. The Lawyer aflumes the Tone of a Le-
giflator, and forbids him ever to write again. The Poet maintains
his Party with the beft Reafons he can, and under Pretence of plead-
ing his Caufe indulges his natural Genius of Satire and Ridicule with
his ufual Freedom. At laft they part, as People, who a/k and who
give Advice, generally do j both confirmed in their own Opinions.
Mr. Sanadon fixes the Date of this Satire in 733, fince it men-
tions the Defeat of the GauU in 727, and the Departure of Au-
guftus
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( «37 )
THE SECOND
BOOK
O F T H E
SATIRES of HORACE^
Sat. L
Horace. Trebatius.
Horace.
THERE are to whom too poignant I appear^
Beyond the Laws of Satire too fevere.
My Lines afe weak^ unfinewM, others fay— —
A Man might fpm a thoufand fuch a Day.
What ihall I do, Trcbatius ?
Trebatius,
Write no more.
Horace.
fttftus for the Eaft in 7^2, vrith a Defign of recovering the Roman
Eagles from the ParthiaAs.
Verf. I. Ultra legem, 1 Satire hath its Laws, and ought to have
more than any other kind of Writing. It is the Intereft of Mankind,
that a Satirifl fliould not abandon himfelf to an Excefs of Ill-humour
•gainft all, who have the Misfortune to difpleafe him. The Laws
of the twelve Tables puni/hed thcfe poetical Slanderers with Death j
feut they were grown obfolete, and had loft great Part of theif Vi-
gour when they were renewed by Auguftu&. * D a c . S a n ,
4* Deduct ] They, who were unwilling to confcfs that Horace
was too fevere in his Satires for fear of being fufpeAed of dreading
them, took another Method to abufe their Author. They faid his
Verfes were feeble and languiihing, and that a thoufand of the fame
Kind might be fpun in a Day. Dedud is a metaphorical Expreilion
taken from fpinning Wool, and drawing down the Thread.
7, Sluiefcas.] When Horace makes ufc of the Word prafcri6e
to Trebatius, we might imagiae he wa$ determined to follow his
Advice I
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13^ C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. iJ
HORATIUS.
Ne faciam, inquxs^
Ommno verfas I
Trbbativs.
, Aid.
HoRATIUS.
Peream male, fi non
Optimum erat ; vcxt^m nequeo dormire.
Trebatius.
Ter unai
Tranfnanto Tiberim, fomno quibus eft opus alto ;
Irriguumque mcro Tub noAem corpus habento.
Aut fi tantus amor fcribendi te rapit, aude 10
Csfaris invidi res ditere» multa laboium
' Pnemia Iatui:us.
Horativs.
Cuptdum^ pater optime, vires
Deficiunt : neque enim quivis horrentia pilis
Agmina, neu frafta percuntes cufpioe Gallos^
Aut labentis equo defcribat vulnera Partht. r^
Trbba-
Advice ; but the very next Word, when he makes him change Hit
Language of a Lawyer for that of a Phyfician, fhewa that he wai
laughing at the venerable Counfellor. The gocd Man believca hit
Difordcr was a real one, and prefcribes with nmch *^olemnity. The
fingle Words aio, "'g^f quiefcas, are pronounced with an Air of Im*
portance, and add greatly to the pleafant Gravity of the Scene.
Torr.Dac.
8. Tranfnanto *nherim,'] Mr. Dacier hath happjly remarked> tbit
Trebatius, like an honeft, good-natured Phyfician, prefcribea for
Horace two Things, which be himfelf loved beft, fwimming and
drinking. CUero calls him, ftudioJiJpmMt bamo natandi, and in aoo*
ther Letter to him mentions his Pleafantry over his Wine, and talks
of their having drunk a little too largely.
1 ». Pater offtinu.] A Term of Refpeft to a Mafter from his Scho-
lar, who is afterwards called puer, Thefe Verfes are of a more
elevated Style, for an Idea of Auguftus and his military Glories hath
infpu-ed our Poet's Imagination. Surely thefe were not of the Num^
ber of fuch as are abufed at the Beginning of the Satire. S a v »
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mt. I.' The Satires or Horace. ryf
Horace,
What f Give the dear Delight of Scribling o'er ?
Trebativs.
Yes.
Horace.
Let me die but your Advice were bed:.
Bat, Sir, I cannot fleep j I cannot reft.
Trebatius.
Swim o'er the Tiber, if you want to fleep.
Or the dull Senfe in t'other Bottle fteep.
Or to immortal Caefar tune your Lays,
Indulge your Genius, and your Fortune raifc.
Horace.
Oh ! were I equal to the glorious Theme,
Briftled with Spears his Iron War (hould gleam ;
A thoufand Darts Ihould pierce the hardy Gaul,
And from his Horfe the wounded Parthian fall.
Treba-
13. Horrentia pilli,'] The Tranflator would not have ventured
Ais Expreflion, brifiUiwtb Spears, although it be an J^^^^J^-
14. Neu/raaSeufpUe.l The Romans made ufe of Arrows, in-
fented by Marius, whofe Points broke ofF when they entered the
Itoman Body. Thus they were rendered ufelefs to an Enemy, ana
with greater Difficulty were drawn out of the Wound. V^c^
GalhsA The Gauls of Aquitain having retell^ in 72^,
Oaavius fent Meflala, with the Title of Governor of the Province^
to reduce them to his Obedience. Me conquered them the Year
foUowing, and had the Honour of » Triumph the twenty-fifth of
S^ember*
17. S€U
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I40 (^HORATII FlACCI SATIitARUM JLib. ij
Trebatius. ^ .
Attamcn & juftam poteras & fcribere foitem,
Scipiadam ut fapiens Lucilius.
HORATIUS.
Haud mihi deero,
Quum res ipfa feret : nifi dextro tempore, Flacci
Verba per attentam non ibunt Csefaris aurem ; .
Cui male fi palpere, recalcitrat undique tutus, ao
Trebatius.
Quanto reftius hoc, quim trifti laedere verfu
Pantolabum fcurram, Nomentanumve nepotem ?
Quum fibi quifque timet, quamquam eft intados^ &
edit.
H0RATItJ5.
. Quid faciam ? faltat Milonius, Ut fenlel i€t(i
Acceffit fervor capiti, numerufque lucernis. 2^
C^ftor gaudet equis ; ovo prognatus eodem,
Pugm's. Quot capitum vivunt, totidem Hudiorum
Millia. Me pedibus deledlat clauderc verba
Lucili ritu, noftrum melioris utroque.
lUc
17. Scipiadam ut faphnt LucUiut,'] Porphyriop tells us, Lucilim
wrote the private, as Erniius the military Life of Scipio. Horace
therefore commends the Difcretion of Lucilius, who confining him-
lelf to the pacific Virtues of his Hero avoided the Prefumption of ri-
yalmg Ennius. Thus he would have u« underfiandj that they both
celebrated the fai^e Perfon in different Parts of his Chwaaer.
. SA!f.
If. Per attentam Cafaris aurem,] Mr. Dacier explains atfenU
aurts of C*far*8 Application to Affairs of State, and Torrentius j
thinks it mean^ that Earneftnefs with which he rtad, and widdi
nilght well alarm a new Author. But the Poet feems with mort
Simplicity to fay, that Cfffar will never hear with a favourable Ear
any Vcrfes that are impertinently and unfcafonably offered to Icaau 1
Sak.
7,4. Saltat Milonius,'] A Paffage in Cicero's Oration for Murena
Will (hew what Opinion the Romans had of Dancing. Cato called
MurcDi
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I. The Satires of Horace. 141
Trebatius.
Then give his peaceful Virtiies forth to Fame ;
ilis Fortitade aod Juflice be your Theme.
[ Horace.
^Yes. I will hold the daring Theme in view.
Perhaps hereafter your Advice purfue.
But Caefar never will your Horace hear ;
A languid Panegyric hurts his Ear.
Too ftrongly guarded from the Poet's Lays
He fpurns the Flatterer and his fancy Praife.
Trebatius.
! Better even this, than cruelly defame.
And point Buffoons and Villains out by Name.
. Sure to he hated even by thofe You fpare.
Who hate in juft Proportion as they fear.
Horace.
Tell me, Trebatius, are not all Mankind
To different Pleafures, different Whims inclined ?
Milonius dances when his Head grows light.
And the dim Lamp ihines double to his Sight.
The Twin-born Brothers in their Sports divide ;
Pollux loves boxing ; Caftor joys to ride.
Indulge me then in this my fole Delight,
Like creat and good Lucilius let me write.
^ Behold
Muwna Saltatcrm a Dancer. Cicero anfwcrs, he fhould confider
the Cruelty of fuch an Injury, and the Vices, which neceffarily at-
tended fuch a Charafter. For none but a Fool dances, when he is
fober, or alone, or at a moderate, decent Entertainment. Dancing
is the laft Excefs of Wine, Mirth, and Company.
29. Noflrum melioris laroque.l When the Romans mentioned a
Man of great Reputation, whofe Examjvlc had a fort of Authority,
their ufual Expreffion in Converfation was, fVbpis far betur, and
more valuable than you or mc. Ru t g b r a.
30. ///*
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14* Q^HoiLATU Flacci Sathlaeum Lib. i«
lUe velut fidis arcana fodalibus olim 30
Credebat Ubm ; neque, fi male c^erat, uiquam
Decurrens alio^ neque fi bene : quo fit ut omnis
Votiva pateat veluti defcripta tabella
Vita fenis. Sequor hunc, Lucanas an Appulus, anceps :
Nam Venufinus arat linem Tub utrumque colonus, 35
MiiTus ad hoc, pulfis (vetus cSt ut fama) Sabellis,
Quo ne per vacuum Romano incurreret hoftis ;
Sive quod Appula gens, feu quod Lucania bellum
Incuteret violenta. Sed bic ftylus baud petet ultro
Quemquam animantem, Sc me veluti cuftodiet enfis 40
Vagina
30. nU nnha fidiul The Satire of this Paflage i« more delicate
■8 the Malice of it is concealed under an Ambiguity of Expreflion,
which for fome time deceives us. Lucilius at firft appears a MaA
of extraordinary Character j refcrved, induftrious, and equal to him-
felf in every Change of Fortune ; but examine him a little nearer,
and you find another Lucilius, who thinks, that to write a great
many Verfcs is fufEcient to make a great Poet j who never waits
for the happy Moments of Infpiration 5 who ihews in all his Work*
the Inecjualities and Interruptions of his poetical Vein ; who loads
his Verfes with a thoufand tedious and impertinent Circumftances,
and who intrufls every Thought of his poetical Imagination to hit
Books, as he would his moft intimate Secrets to his Friends. Per-
haps this Pifture is not very faithfully drawn. Horace was deter-
mined _to maintain the Sentence he had pronounced againft Lucilius,
and in this Difpofition of Spirit, it was not eafy to guard againft hit
own natural Talent of Ridicule He had fome Foundation of Truth
to fupport him, which is always enough for a Poet. San.
31. Neque Ji'malicejpsrat,'] All the Manofcripts declare for £tff»'
ferat j but gerere is never ufed abfolutely, whereas the Ufage of ce»
dere in an abfolutc Senfe is frequent and undifputcd. But we are
yet to enquire what Horace defigns by neque^fi bene, neque Ji maii
cejferat. The Commentators underftand the Words to mean the
good or bad Condition of his private Affairs. But there is no Kind
of Appearance, that Lucilius filled his Writings with his perfonal
Concernments, or the State of his domeftic Affairs* An Affe£Ution
fo remarkable would rife at firft View in the numerous Fragments,
. that remain of his Works. We perceive nothing like it, and
may therefore receive another Meaning from Dr. Bentley, nufjuam
aiti, qaam ad libroi decurrens, feu bene ei cejjerat in fcribendo, fen
male, fVbatever was bis poetical good or ii/ Fortune, be JliHinduU
ltd bis PaJJionfor writing* From hence we may perceive his good
% #r
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^Sat. X. Thb Satiris op Hokacb. 14S
Beliold him frankly to his Book impart, '
As to a Friend* the Secrets of his Heart:
Ta write was all his Aim ; too heedlefs Bard,
And well or ill, unworthy his Regard.
Hence the M Man (lands open to your View,
Xhough with a carelefs Hand the Piece he drew.
His Steps I follow in Purfuit of Fame,
'Whether Lucania or Apulia claim
The Honour of my Birth ; for on the Lands,
By Samnites once poiTeft, Vemdinm ftands,
A forward Barrier,, as old Tales relate.
To flop the Courfe of War and guard the State.
Let this Digreffion, as it may, fucceed—
No honeil Man Ihall by my Satire bleed ;
It
«T bad Days ; his lucky or snlucky Moments^ which is ivhat Ho*
cftce means when he fays, Lucilius gave us a Picture of his Life,
Ills poetical Life, in his Writings. ^0 Jit mt omnis votiva pattat
iahula, ice. The Romans not only confecrated Pi^bires of the bad
Aecideots of their Lives, but of the more fortunate aAd happy.
34. Vitafenii,'] Lucilius was not lefs than fixty Years of Age
vihtn he died 5 or, |>erhaps, our Poet calls him Jmtm as a Term of
l^ea.
Sequor hunt, Lucamtt an Appulut,'] The Raillery begins to grow
more open, Lucilius amufed himfelf with whatever came in hi$
way ; from whence his Works were loaded with many little ufeleft
Tales, which rofe one out of another, and threw him out of hia
Subject. To render this Fault more fenfiblc, and fet it in the
Arongeft Light, our Poet hath himfelf written a few Lines in the
Taile of LucUius. This Turn is pleafant, and makes us fee the
Spirit and Art of a PafTage, which, without this manner of under-
, ibnding it, would appear a moft infipid, lifelefs Digreilion. San*
39. Sed bicfylus,^ While I follow Lucilius in the Manner of
Writing, which I have imitated in thefe Lines, and which hurts no
one but himfelf, I fliall take care not to imitate him in another
Fault, that of injuring the Reputation of others. If Horace never
wrote a Satire but on them, who had juftly provoked him, he may
be a great Example for all future Satirifts. Btit Lucilius made the
fame Proteftation, and probably they were both equally fincere.
We may therefore look upon the poetical Oath in the next Lines as
a Mixture of Pleafantry and Decency, which could no more juftify
the
[
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144 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. 2.
Vagina te^us : quern cur ddfaringere coner.
Tutus ab infellis latronibns ? O Pater Sc Rex
Jupiter, ttt poreat pofitum ntbiraie tduxn ;
Nee quifquam noceat cupido inifai pads f at ille.
Qui me commorit (meliiis non tangere* damo) 45 '
Plebit, 8e iimgnis tota cantabitur urbe.
Cervius iratus leges minitatur 8c umam ;
Canidia Albuci, quibus eft inimica, venenam ;
Grande malum Turius, ii quid, fe judice, certes.
yt, quo quifque valet, fufpe^tos terreat, utque
Imperitet Natura potens, fic coUige mecum,
Dente lupus, cornu taurus petit ; unde, niii intat
Monftratum ? Scaevae vivacem crede nepoti
Matrrm.
Trebatius.
Nil fadet fceleris pia dextera,
HORATIUS.
Mirumf
Ut neque calce lupus quemquam, neque dente petit bos ?
Sed male toilet anum vitiato melle cicuta. 5$
Ne longum faciam ; feu me tranquilla feneflus
Expedat ; feu Mors atris drcumvolat alis ; '
Dives, inops ; Romx, feu Fors ita juiTcrit exul ;
Quifquis erit vitae, fcribam, color.
Trbba-
the Poet with regard to the Public, than it could comfort the Peo-
ple whom he had treated fo feverely. Sam.
41. Pater & Rex Jupiter.] To /hew that our Poet is not too
much in earneft, his Prayer is a Parody of a Line in Callimachus,
Xio rietrsp, a'f X<e^t/C«y aSv a^cKoila yiv^, Dac»
47. Cervius leges minitatur & urnam.'\ A Criminal was acquitted
or condemned by the Number of Votes, which the Judges threw
into a judiciary Urn. Virgil tells us this Cuftom was obfervcd
amongft the dead Sluajitor Mtnos umam mottet, ToRit
54. NV faciet fceleris pia dextera. ] Trebatius, affrighted at
what Horace was going to fay of Sc«va, interrupts him with—
Hi
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[Sat. I. Tub Satims o^ Horacs.* 14$
It guards me like a Sword^ and fafe it lies
Widun die Sheath 'till Thieves and ViUains rife.
Dread King and Father of the mortal Race,
Behold i^e, harmlefs fiard, how fooA crfTeacel
And may all Kinds of mifehief-maldng Steel
In Raft» eternal Raft, thy Vengeance ieeL
Bat he who hurts me (nay, I will be heard)
Had better take a Lion by the Beard ;
His Eyes ihall weep the Folly of his Tongne^
By laughing Croads in raeful Ballad fang.
Th^Informer Cervias threatens with the Laws ;
Turias your Judge, You furdy lofe yoor Caufe ;
Are you the Objed of Canidia's Hate,
Drugs, Poifons, Incantations, are your Fate :
For powerful Nature to her Creatures (hows
With various Arms to terrify their Foes*
The Wolf with Teeth, the Bull with Horns can fight ;
Whence, bot from InftinA and an inward Light ?
His long-livM Mother trails to Scsva^s Cttre-^
Trebatius.
No Deed of Blood his pious Hand could dare ?
Horace.
Wonderoos indeed ! that Bulls ne*er ftrive to bite.
Nor Wolves, with defperate Horns, engage in fight.
No Mother's Blood the gentle Scseva fpills,
Bbt with a Draught of honeyM Foifon kills.
Then, whether Age my peaceful Hours attend.
Or Death his (able Pinions round me bend :
Or Rich, or Poor : at Rome ; to Exile driven :
Whatever Lot by powerful Fate is given.
See me refolv'd to write. Trbb.
ttt did Mtf fiarthjbtd bit Mother* i Shod! Nt, fays the Poet, it
did not flab Ins iUtber, but be poifined bet^ Da c.
57. Seu me tranqailia fenc&ui7\ Our Poet wu then about four
and forty Yean of Ate, San,
Vol. IVL H 60*
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146 C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum' Lib. 2.
TrebXtius.
Opucr, utfis 60
Vitalis metuo; & majorum ne ^uis amiciu •
Frigorc te ferial
HORATIU^.
Quid ! quum eft Lueilius aufas
Primus in hunc opens condponere carmina morem,
Detrahere & pellem, nitidus qua quifque per ora
C^eret, introrfum turpis ; num Lselius, & qui 65
Duxit ab opprefsa meritum Carthagine nomen^
Ingenio ofFenfi ? aut la^o dolaere M^Uo ?
Fimofifve Lupo cq^perto verfibus \ Atqui
Primores populi arripuit, populumque tributun j
( Scilicet uni asquus virtuti atque gus amicis,^ 70
Quin, ubi fe a vulgo & fcena in fecreta remoraat
Virtus Scipiadas & mitis fapientia Lsl^
Nugari cum illo, & difcindi ludere, donee
Decoqueretur olus, foliti. Quidquid fom ^o» quamvis
Infra Lucili cenfum ingeniumque, tamen <me 7$
60. S(uiffttis erit vitdt^ Jcriham, ctlor.'] If Horace iiad not been
perfe£^ly carelefs of his Numbers, this Tranfpo^itiony which Mr.
Sanadon thinks unpardonable, might have eafily been altered, jf «-
haftiy quifquis erit vita cclor. Yet perhaps the Genitls of the Latin
Tongue may well allow thefe Tranfpofitions, aldiotfgh modem Lan-
guages will very hardly bear them. There cannot be a ftrosger Jn-
ftance than this in Virgil, Saxa vocani Itati mediifque inftuEiibuierau
6 1 . Majorum n« quit amicus fr^we tefiriat,"] The Coimnentators
are much divided about thc^Meaning of thefe Words. Riatgerfius,
Mr. Dacier, and ?anadon un^er^zndfrigoreferire, to dif^race, to put
O't of Favour, Torrentius and others imagine, that frigtit here fig-
nifies Death, as in Virgil fohmntur f rigor e membra, C'trpufque lavfitt
frigtntis. The Tranflator is very little certain that he hath chofcn
the beft of thefe Opinions. Perhaps frigut may better mean the
Coldncfs of Poifo;j, the Idea of which might rife to Trcbatius, ei-
ther from the Horrour with which he ftarted at the Mentiop of
Scaeva's poifoning his Mother, or in a Return of Pleafantr^ for the
Poet's talking of fuch a Deed In fo ludicrous a Manner. Mirvm ! at
rteque cake lupus ^ &c If this be the Senfe of the FaiTage frigon te
feriat toftrike with Poifon, will appear a bold and beautiful Expreffion.
64. Detrahere pellem.'] A figurative ExpreiTion taken from the
Stage. The ancient Mafks were made of Skins.' San.
Ti.Sluin
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Sal. 1. Tmb Satikbs of Horacs. 147
Tribativs.
How much I dread
Thy Days'iure fliort ; fome Lord ihall ftrike thee dead
l^kh fi«eziiig Look —
HORACB.
What ! when with honeft Rage
Lucilias lafli'd the Vices of his Age ;
From conrck)U9 Vflkins tore the Maik away.
And fbipM them naked to the Glare of Day,
Were Lxlias or his Friend (whofe glorious Name
From conquerM Carthage deathfefs rofe to Fame)
Were they difpleas^d when Villains* and their Crimes
Were covcr'd o'er with Infamy and Rhimes ?
The titled Knave he boldly made his Prize,
And durft the People Tribe by Tribe chaftife ;
While yet to Virtue and to Virtue's Friends^
•And 'them alone, with Reverence he bends ;
But foon as Scipio, once in Arms approv'd.
And Lslius, for his milder Wifdom lov'd.
Could from the noify World with him retreat;
They laugh'd at all the bufy Farce of Slate, '
Enjoy'd the vacant Hour, the ibcial Jeft,
Until their Herbs, their frugal F^, were drcft.
What though with great Luciliud I difdaini
' All fancy Rivalfhip of Birth or Fame, Spite
71. ^tn ubife ei v»lgo»'\ The Friendihip cf LkUui and Sdpio did
much Honour to Lucilius y nor is it lefs pleafinfr to fee thefe two
greateft Men of the Republic unbending from their Application to
the Bqfinefs of the State j laying afide the Dignity of their Charac-
ters» and trifling amongft their Friends even toSportaof Cbildiih-
nefs. San.
7». Virtut tcipia(U.'\ The Virtue of Scipio for the virtuous Sci-
pio, and the mild Wifdom of Laelius mitit Japientim Lali for the
wife Laelius. He was furnamed the Wife^, Caius Laelius Sapiens.
Such Expreflionsy however beautiful in the Original, might appear
tpo bold in a Tranflation.
76. Cum majrnis vixrffe.J Lucilius ^ivas pf.a Patrician family^ and
a Rofnan Kni^t, which makes our Poet allow him a Supcrlcrity
Ha of
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148 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirakum Lib. a«
Cum magnis vi^^fTe ii|yita fatebitur afque -
Invidia ; & fragili quaerens illidere dentem.
Offender folido : nifi quid tu, do£le Trebat»»
Difloitis. . ^
** Trebatiits.
Equidem nihil hinc difHngere poiTum/
Sed tamen ut monitus caveas, ne forte vcgoti 8q
Incotiat tibi quid fandarum infcitia legum ;
Si mala condiderit in quem quiff carmina^ jos eft
Judiciumque. '
HORATIU^S.
EilOy fi quis mala : fed bona fi quis
Tudice condiderit laudatus Csfare ? fi quis
Opprobriis dignnm latraverit, injEeger ipfe ?
Solventur rifu tabulae : tu miilUs abibis. Sat«
of Birth andFortime; bnt he might .oDm^are with him in more
' valuable iVdvantages. It Appears by fome Fragments of Letters,
that Horace did not live in lefs domeftic Familiarity with Auguftus
and Maecenas, than Lucilios did with Scipio and Laelius. If he
does not boaft fo much of this Honour, it is an "ESfeCt of his Dif-
cretion and of his Modefty, " ' Sam.
77. Fragiii quarens illidere dentem*'] " In Allufion to the Fable of
the Serpent 9»i the File.
79. Equidem nibil bint dfffingtri f^jfkm^ Thefe and the follow-
ing Words nianifeflly ihew^ that the Anhver of Trebatius begins
at i^uidem. Diffinggre, which fignifies to refote, is of the greater
Number of Manufcripts, and all elder Editiojis, as we am affured
by Dr. Bentley, tam editiotut vetujiit «nm*tj oiutm eoditum pan nuj».
The Senfe of the PalTage may be thus explamed : Indeed, fays Ttt-
batius, I cannot deny what you have faid. You may therefore pro-
. ceed without any Apprehenfion of offending the Great. Ludfiui
' -IS a powerful Example to encourage you. But confider, that tbere
are tawS againft Satiiifts and the licentioufiaefsof their Writings.
8». Si mola.e^ndiderit^ Trebitins with much Solemnity cites
the Laws of the twelve Tables, as hts laft Argument. A Lawyer
could produc?\othing more ftrong, and Horace, being unable to
defend hin^df by a direft Anfwer, finds a Way of getting out of
the Difficulty by paying on the Words malttm cdrmerf, and giving
them a different Senfe from •what they had in the Text of the Law.
The Pleafantry of this Turn depends on a Pun, which could not
he preferved idha TraalUtioiu Bad Vcrto would not be undcrHood
,y Google
sit 1. . TiiB Satires op Horace. 149
Spite of herflelf even Eavy.muft coolsiey
That I the Friendfhip of the Great poflefs.
And, if fhe dare attempt my honeft Fame,
Shall break her Teeth againft my folid Name.
This is my Plea : on this I reft my Caufe — ' '
What fays my Council, learned ih the Laws ?
Trebatius.
Your Cafe is clearer ; yet let me advife 5
For fad Miihaps from Ignomnce arife.
Behold the Pains and Penalties decreed
To Libellers
Horace.
To Libellers indeed.
But» if with Truth his Chara^ers he draws.
Even Caefar fliall fupport the Poet*s Caufe 5
The formal Procefs fiiall be tum'd to Sport,
Attd yoii dliinift with Honour by the Court.
H 3 Sat*
b SnglUb to meaii, it they do in the Origiiuly Verfes written
wkh a iatirkal Defign of injuring the Reputation of othert.
84. Lamdmtmul Such i« the Reading of feven or eight Mann-
fcnpts. L^miatmr makes a Tranfpofitton, ta diiagreeable as unne*
cmry. What the Poet here feenn to fay by Chance, was proba-
bly ^cfigned, to iafinuatc to the People, who eenfared him, that
he was well afluied of the Ptotetton and Approbation of Augudni.
The Turn is modcft and artfoU Sa if .
.$5. hittgtr i>> ] A Poet, wbofe ConduA it regular and vnblame-
able, hath a Kind of Right to cenfure the Faults of others ; at
leafty this is the beft. Method of engaging all hoteft Men on his
Side. On the contrary) a Satirift, who is not more virtuous than
thpie whom he chafki&s, is aa impudent Hypocrite. San.
86. S^ivifHur rifu tahulm.'] T§oitU-9i€ the Proceis and Informa*
tion laid before the Judge, which, £iiys the Poet» ihall be torn into
Pieces, Mr^ Dacier ohferves, that this Line . is aa Imitation of -
Ariilophahes, where a Father difTuades his Son from an Exceis of
Wine by repreienting to him a thoufand DiCorders, which it occa-
fioos ; fuch as quarrelling, breaking Houies open. , No, fays the
Son, this never happens when we converfe with Men of Honour j
for either th^ will latisfy the People, whom they have offended, or
turn the Aftair into Ridicule, and by {ovat happy Jeft make tba
Judges, and even the Profecutors, laugh. The Procefs is diJmifled^
and y<m elbape without being puniihed*
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150 Q;^HoaATix Flacci Satirakum Lib. a.
Sat, II.
QU^ viitos ic quanta^ boni, fit virere pairo,
(Nee meus hie iermo eft, fed qme pnecepk
" Ofcllus
Rttftieus, abnormis fapiens, eraflaqcie Minerva)
Difcite, Don inter lances menfafque nitentes ;
Quam ftupet infanis acies falgonbus, Sc quiim j^
Acclinos faliis animus meliora reeufat :
Verum hie impranfi mecam difquirite. Cur hoc ?
Dicam fi potero. Male verum examinat omnis
Corruptus judex. Leporem fedatas, equove
Laflus
The Praife of Temperance is a common Topk of MoraHty*
Epi^tus and Seneca, aiid others, educated in the School of Zeno,
have given us a Number of Precepts on the Subjed more ingenious
than iolid. Our Poet hath takin a Road, which .'leads more di* '
reajy to Perfuafion. Ho fays, that a frugal Entertamment may
fatisfy the Appetite, and that it yields befides the greateft Advan*
tages both to Mind and Body. Thefe two Maxims, natural and
fimple as they are, lay the Foundation -of the foUowing Piece, in
which a meer Country Peafant, without any Tio^byre of Pbtlofo- ■
phy, but full of good Senfe ) without going out of his Chancer,
and without dogmatifing, gives us Reflexiona worthy of the beft
Underftanding, but with an Eafinef* of Manser, which maket thaaa
perfe^y amiable*
Verf. 2. Nee mens bit fermo,] Horace, with much good Reafbn^
avoids making himfelf an Orator for Temperance. He was a fpecu-
lativc Epicurean, but a practical Difciple of Ariftippus, and after
giving us moft excellent Precepts of Fru|pility, would not nqwilling-
ly have left his Plate of Herbs for a more luxurious Entertainment. '
Befides, he would give Weight to his Maxims by the fober Exam. *
pie of the Speaker. ' * Dac, ,
• S^a practpit Ofeltus,'] This Reading has an Authority of Ma-
nufcripts and Editions. Sermontm pracipere is a Manner of Expref-
(jon unknown to the Genius and Ufage of the Latin Tongue* ^^^ .
frgtcepit, as Torrentius obferves, gives Variety to the Sentence, and
awakes an Attention in the Reader. .
3* Aknormn
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'. Sat, 2. Tub SATiass of Horace. 151
Sat. IL
WJ H A T, and how great the Virtnc, Friends, to
On what the Gods, with frugal Bounty give
(Nor are they mine, but iage Ofellus* Rules,
Of Mother- Wit, and wiie without the Schools)
Come learn with me, bat learn before ye dine.
Ere with luxurious Pomp the Table fhine $
Ere yet its madding Splendours are difplay*d»
That dull the Senie and the weak Mind miflead.
Yet why before we dine ? I'U tell ye. Friends,
A Judge, when brib'd, but ill to Truth attends.
' Purfue
3. ABmrmis.'j A Fbiloftpber witUut Rtths. Ofellui was an Epi-
curam without Icsowisig it, but his Monhty was in a Medium be-
tween the very riftd and very diflblute Followers of that Sc£V.
Dac.
Crajafyt Mintrtu!,! Rude but natural ; without Art or I^if-
gniic, A Kind of Mother- Wit, unimproved by Education and
Study. Or as Minerva was the Goddefs of Spinning, this may,
pnhapa, have been a proverbial Expreflion, to fignify a coarfe, rude"
Uaderftanding, of a thick, clumfy Thread.
6, jfuitnus/a/JSt animas.] When the Mind is contented to yield
to Thinfa^, which deceive and feduce it. AuUnus being fomcMi-hat
Jcfi known than aeclinh, the Copyifts changed it in all but one Ma-
flofcript, although it makes a di(agreeabk Confonance with the
next Word atc/ims /aljt. Cun, San.
. ^. Ltpftm feffatms.^ The Pcet propofcs to People of good Cheer
three Methods of recovering an Appetite, grown weak and languidf
by Repletion 5 hunting, riding, and miliUry Excrcifes. The laft of
thfcfe is not dire^ly nienticmd, but being in the Poet's Intention
ihould be underftood in his Expreffion, Ftras wnare^ tqnc$ agita,
isure* te ad belH munia^ Ji wro tHi mc venatic arridet, ntc efuitatia,
ntt mi/itarii dififfUna, adfiieto fcilieet beltuari ae ferfotari Gracomm
mre : pila veldtfco iude. Such Remarks as tbefe are necefl*ary, that
we may fee the JuAnefs of the Poct*s rcafoning, although it were
to be -wiihed ht had fparcd us the Trouble of making them. San..
* H 4 • I > • Grgtcari,.
,y Google
152 Q^HoRATii Placci Satiharvu Ux 2.
Laflus ab indomito; vel fi Romana Bitigat 10
Militia adfuetam gra^pri : feu pila vdox,
l^oUiter auftenim ftudio fallente laborem ;
^^eu te difcus agit, pete ced'entem aera difco :
Quum labor eztaderit faftidia ; ficcas, inani^
Sperne cibum vilem : nifi Hymettia mella Falenia 15
Ne biberis diluta. Foris eft promus, & atram
Defendens pifces hyemat mare : cum iale panis
Latrantem ftomachmn bene leniet. Unde putas^ aat
Qui partum ? Non in caro nidpre volup(a»
Summa, fed in te ipfo eft. - Tu pulmentaria quaere 20
^udando. fingaem vitiis albumque neque dftrea.
Nee fcarus, aut poterit peregfina juvare lagdis :
Vix tamen eripiamy pofito pavbne, veils quin
Hoc potiosy quam gallina tergere palatum,
Corruptus vanis remm ; quia veneat auro 25
Rara avis, Sc pi£la pandat fpeflacula cauda :
Tamquam ad rem atdneat qoidqaam. Nmn vefdnift
ift^ -
Quam laudas, pluma ? co£lov^ num adeft honor idem ?
Carne tamen quamvia diftat nihil hac magis ilia ;
ir. Graeari.'\ To dri/ik Ike a Grt^^ a frequent £j^rel&«i^aiBOD§
the Romans for drinking largely. ToRi^W
J%» A^ft,^ For trabit, diUSfat,, al/Ut't, San.
17. Hyemat Mare ] fVintets the Sea. The Tranfla^or would not*
be thought fond of hazarding new Words. He was tempted hero
to follow his Author in an £xprei!ion of exceeding Boldnefs, though
not yet ufed in Englifh. Salluft has hyemantihut afuh,
1 Q C >ro fifdorf, I This Epithet is extremely happy. The Flavour
of the Meat raifes the Price of it, although it aeither sutkes.it'
more nouriihing, nor more wholefome. Sah*!
11. tafth,'] We do not find this Word in any other Author. &•
was prrbably a foreign Bird, whofe Flefh tailed and looked lika that
of an Hare ^ a favourite Difb amongft the Romans. Ofirm is of
two Syllables^ as in Virgil, Sitpatria cecidere manus t quin fnunrnM
»mnia. /
23. Pojito pavone.'] Quintus Hortenfius was the firft who gave
the Rotrans a Tafte forT'eacocks, and it foon became fo f;|^iona-
ble a Di/h, as that all' Ptople of Fortune had it at their Tables.
Cicero
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Sat. ^r.; - The Satirbs of Horacb. tyi
Purfue the Chace : th* iHimanag^d Couifer rein :
Or, if the Roman War ill-fuit thy Vein
To Grecian Revels formM, at Tennis play.
Or at the manly Dilcus wafte the Day ;
Wkh VigooT hurl it through the yielding Air
(The Sport ihall make the Labour lefs fevere)
Then, when the Loathings, that from Surfeits rih^
Art qneird by Toil, a frng^ Meal defpife ;
Then the Falemian Grape with Pride difdaim^
Unlefs with Honey we corred its Flame.
' Yottr finder ftrolb i^>road ^ the wintered Sea
Defends its Fifii ; but you can well allay
The Stomach*)! iM^gry Roar with Bread and 'Salt—
Whence can this rife, you aik ; horn whence the Fault >
In you confifts the PIcafure of the Treaty
Not in the Pnce, or Flavour oif the Meat.
Let the ftrong Toll give Relifli to the Dllh^
Since nor the various Luxuries of Fifli,
Nor foreign Wild-fowl can delight the pale
Sorfeit-fwoln Gueft : yet I ihall ne*cr prevail
To bid our Men of Tafte a Pulfet chafe,
And the gay Peacock with its Train refufe ; .
For .the rare Bird at mighty Price is fold.
And lo ! what Wonders from its Tail unfold I
Bat can thefe Whims a higher Gufto raife,
UnleG you eat the Plumage that you praife ^
Or do its Glories, when *ti8 boird, remain I
No J 'ti$ th* unequal'd Beauty of his Train
Ckovo pleaiantty fays, he had the Bbldnefs to invite Hirtius to fupi
with hinf, etenwrcfaout a Peflccick.' SHi vitb ^fmLidam, ttiam Bir*
tfecetMdm itSJint fatfoke, M. AufidtiM Latro made a prodigicu#
Fortune by fiittemAg them for Sale*
29. Comet amen quamvit,] Nothing can be dearer than this Pai^,
fage, which hath been pcrpleKd oilly by the too much Learning of
Commentators* ^»ammt fliould be-conftmed in its ufnal'Senie}
both «ith^^«r and ^it, j^f does not fignify a F«at docidcdj^
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»e
154 (^HoKATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. z,
Impaiibus formis deceptum te pajpt : efto. 30
Unde datum fentis, lupus hie, Tiberinus, an alto
^aptus hiet ? pontefne inter jactacu$> an amnis
OHia Tub Tufci ? Laudas, iniane> trilibrem
Mullum, in lingula quem minuas pulmenta necefie eft.
Ducit te fpecics, video. Quo pertinet ergo 35
Proceros odiiTe lupos } quia fcilicet illis
Majorem Natura modum dedit» his breve pondus.
Porredlupi magno magniim fpedare catino
Vellem, ait Harpy iis gula digna r;(pacibi4s. At vos
Prxfentes. Auftri» coquitehorum obfonia : quaniquam 40
Futet aper rhombuique recens, mala copia qaando
^grum folicitat flomachum ; quum rapuia plenos
** Atque
i«t 18 rather a Term of Conceflioa. jUtbmgh then h* no Difference
•fT^fte hettveen a Pullet and a Peacetk ; although it is plain J9u art
iieteiveJ hy outward Beauties cmly, yet I am wHIiug n aUow the Pre*
ferente nvhicb ym give (c the Peaccfk, Contedo, permitto tihi, ut
forma hk dicifiaris* B X N T . S A n .
31. Un-u datum fentisj] Vnde tibi eoHteffiimy ui fentias, Wbe^
ther it were Fancy, or a real Delicacy of Tafte, a Pike, taken be-
tween the Bridges of the Tiber^ was more ^fteemed^ than thoi«
caught at the Opening of the River or in the Sea. Horace tella
thefe People of Luxury : When I allow the Preference you give to ^
the Peacock for the Beauty of his Feathers, yet certainly you will
not affert, that you have equal Right to- prefer a Pike, whidi wal
caught in feme particular Part of the River, to any other» fince the
Fi/h and the? Form of it is always the fame. It is tr^e, that this
Fi A, as welt as all other Animals, although of the (ame Shape and
Species, may have many di^rent ^alities according to the differ'*
ent Places where it has been fed. Eut Horace is talking to People
who judge of Meat by their 'Eyty imparidusformix deeeptum^ duett ta
Species ^ and would convince them, that Taftf alone can decide be-*
tween Pikes of Rivers or the Sea. Thus the Poet recovers the
Conceflion he had made^ and artfully tefytes what he feemed to
allow. ■ San.
Lupuj,'] TheTranflator^ after his heft Tnifuiriesto finda Narhe i»
Bngli/h for this Fift, is yet «Doft bnfirtisfied. l/e has chofen the
Pike, althoug^h a frcfh Water Fiih, as moflr hke the Size and Vora»
cioufnefa- of the l4(>&«i.
3a. Offtvs biet.l Mr. Sanadon imagines, that Horace would*
Aew the Voracioufoeft of this Fiih by the Word hiare^ or intend-
ed^ witli a P2ayf4iloe& of Words ^tiuuifoal to htm, to describe it^
,y Google
Sat. «. The Satires dp Horace. 155
Deludes your Eye and charms you to the Feaft,
For Hens and Peicocks are of equal Tafle.
But fay, by what Difcemment are you taught
To know, that this voracious Pike was caught
Where the full River's lenient Waters glide.
Or where the Bridges break the rapid Tide :
In the mid Ocean, or where Tiber pays
With broader Courfe his Tribute to the Seas ?
Madly you praife the Mallet*s three Pound Weight,
And yet you ftew it piece-meal ere you eat ;
Your Eye deceives You 5 wherefore elfe diflike
The natural Greatnefs of a full-grown Pike,
Yet in a Mullet fo much Joy exprefs ?
" Pikes are by Nature large, and Mulletslefs."
Give me, the Harpy -throated Glutton cries.
In a large Kfh a Mullet's mighty Size ;
Defcend, ye fputhem Winds, propitious halle.
And with unwholefome Ranknefs taint the Feaft.
And yet it needs not ; for when fuch Excefs
Shall his o'er-jaded Appetite opprefs, The
as if it were caught in the very Moment when it was catchiiig iti
Prey, fu^^ eaptus ejfet dum inbiartt fritda»
3?. PorreBum magnoA Thefe four Lines are extremely beautiful.
The firft by the foondaic Slownefs of its Cadence carries along with
it an Image of wnat it would defcribe. The fecond ftrongly com-
pares a Glutton to the Harpies, thofe MonAers of the Fable, known
by their Voracioufnefs. The third is a lively Start of Indignation ;
and the fourth, by sn unexpeAed Contradi^ion, gives Force both
to the C /omparifim and Imprecation.
Dr, Bentky and Mr. Sanadon leave out the next Line of the
•common SditioAsj^^iMrarf rar^ftcmaebui tmlgariatemnit^ which in-
tecfopts the Regularity of the Thoughts, and has a vicious Arnbi*
fuity of Expreilion. The Seholiafb themielves know not whether
■ wmr^ ilioL>ld be oonftrued with^ temmt or jejunut. When Children
-were taught to read the Manufeript Copies of Authors, their Ma^
fters often wrote on the Margin foqie proverbial or fentcntious-
Verfe, which feemed^e have a Reference to the Poet's Thought^
aod was contained in few Words. From thence they were ahtt-^
wai^s taken into the Test by the Miftakc or Ignorance of Copyifts.
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156 Q. H0S.ATII FlaCCI SATIRAltUM X^ibl z^
Atque acidas inavalt iiyilas. Nee dam onmis alukda
Pauperies epulis regum ; pam yil^^s ovis,
Nigrifque eft. oleis hodie locos. Haud iu^piidein 4^
Gallon! piraeconis erat acipai(ere xnen^
Infamis. Quid ? turn rhombios minus, arqa<»a al^MOOt?
Tutus erat rhombus, tutoque cjc^nia ludo :
Donee vos au£lor doeuk prsetonus. Ergo
Si quis nune mej^gos fuaves edixerit afl^os % 50
Parebit pravi docilis Romaiia juventus*
Sordidus a tenui vidu diftabit, OfeUo
Judice. Nam fruflra vitium vitaveris illud.
Si te alio pravus detorferis. AvidienaSy
Cui Canis ex vero dudlom cognomen adiuere^ ;5
Quinquennes oleas eft, & iylveftria coma :
Ac, nifi mutatiun, parcit defundere vinum 1 &
Cujus odorem olei nequeas pei6rre (licebit
lUe regotia, natales, aliofve dierum
FeUos albatus celebret) comu ipfe bilibri ^0
Caulibus
43. Nee dum emnh ahaffa pauperiet,'] This luxurious CoateiDpt
of cheap, fimple Food was introduced but lately amoogft the Ro-
mans, and confcquently roie more from a capricious Love of No-
veltyj than from Nature. The Poet by the Word Pavpitrfet taaSy
fets the prefent expenfive Luxury in oppofitlon to ancient Frugality,
as if a modem fingle Difli would have purchafed an Entertainmest
for a Family of ancient Times. Vac,
4y, Nigris oleis,] Olives, intended fpr the Table, wcft gathered
when they began to ripen and turn black. Cio^.
47. ^idf turn rbmbos.] The fanciful, faihiooaUe Tafie, is but
of (hort Continuance ; that of Nature is uJialtenbfe. You are artr
as fond of Turbot, as Gallonius wju of Sturgeoa* But wefe tbere
ho Turbots in his Time ? Certainly there weie, but no CmoosA
Bad made them fafhionable, and the Praetor decide in fkraor ^tf
Sturgeon. Another Glutton brought Turbots and Storks into VogoC;
and perhaps we only wait for a third Man of Taile toaffiirt«i»
that a roafted Cormorant is infinitely more ddUciotts, than Stnrgnfliy
Turbots and Storks. D Ac. Sam.
49. Au^or preetoritti.] The Stocks built tlieir Neft ia Safety
uatil the Time of Avguftus, when your Prfftor tav|ht yoa to est
,y Google
Sat- 1. Thb Sx^ltBS OF HoRACt. ' l^y
Xhe new-caught Tnrbot's tainted etc }ie ca^
And bitter Herbs arc n ddicioos Treat.
But ftiH (omt ancient Porerty remains i
An Egg and Olive ytX ^Place maintains
At wealdiy Tablesi nor» titt late, tke Fame
Of a whole Sturgeon diLnin'd a Praetor's Name.
Did Ocean then a finalkr Turbot yield f
*rhe towerii^ StcHrk did once in Safety build
Her airy Neft, nor was the Turbot caught^
Till your great Praetor vbetter Precepts taught.
Proclaim, that roafted Cormorants are a l^ea^
Our docile Youth obey the Manof Taftcf
But iage Ofellus marks a decent Meaa
A fordid and a frugal Meal between^
For a pi'^fijife Expence in. vain You {han>
If into fordid Avarice you run.
Avidienu8» who with Surname juft
Was called the I>oc, in Fathinefs of Guft
Wild Cornels, Olives &ve Years old^ devour*d^
And with four Wine his vile Libations pour'd.
When rpbe'd in white he marked with fciial Mirtll
His Day of Md^r^ge, or his Hoar of Birth,
From his one Bottle, of (bme two-poond Weight,.
With on, of execmble Stench replete,.
With-
them. Afiouit SemprpniiM, or, ^tccor^agto ethert, RntUkft Rufbs^
wiien Candidate for the Pr«tor&jp, entertained the Peopk with a
Vatk of ^torlcvr But the People, according to an ancient Epieranu
fetengcd ^ Deadi of the poor Birds, by reftfing the PrwtorSjpto.
thAr Mtirderer. From this Refufal the Poet pleafantly calls him
Start»r.> ToR».
S^^tUahopriHm^dttorftrii.'i This Rea4wg if of Manufcript
Authority. It has greater Elegance, more of our Author's Manner
•f Wntmg than pravum, and morejuftly exprefles his Thought.
D^atm m the next Line is likcwife a Manufcript Reading. Bi w t1
59. Itte repotiaA Repotia was a Feflival the Day after the Vkm^
t»ls, whca they^wak whatever remained of yaflci4ay*s £atcr,
taioment.
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%l% Q^HoRATii Flacci Satikailum Lib. 2,'
Caulibas inftillat, vetens lioa parcos aceti.
Quail igicur vi^a iapienr utet4lr» ^ horam
Ucnim imitahitor ? Hacarget lapds, hac canis, atanc
Mundus erit, qua non ofFendatfordibasy atque
In neutram partem cult6s mifei'. Hic neque (ervis, 6$
Albuci fenis exemplo, dum munia didit,
Saevus erit ; nee fic ut fimplex N^vius, undlam
Convlvis prsebebit aquam: vidum hoc quoque mag-
num.
Accipenunc^ vi£las teiyiis quas, quantaque fecum
Adfer^. In primis valeas bene: nam variae res 70
Ut noceant bomini, credas, memor illius efcae
Qnx fimplex olim tibi federit. At fimul afEs
Miicueris eli^a, fimul conchylia turdis :
Dulcia fe in bil^m vertent, ftomachoque tamakom
Lenta feret pituita. Vides ut psdlidus omnis 75
Coena defurgat dubia? Quin corpus onuftum
Hefiernis vitiis animum quoque prsegravat una,
Atqoe
tainfflent, fuia iierum pctarttur. The Conftrnftion is remarkaUe^
mliu ditmm fift«» for alios fti tx diebus fifii fitnt, jIAatus, White
was ufually the Colour of the Roman Robe even at a Funeral Feaft^
J/)Je is a Circumftance that ftrongly marks the Avarice of Avidienus.
Afraid that his Guefts or his Servants flkoald be too profiife of his
Oil^ he pours it himfelf. The Poet tells us, his Bottle was of two
Pcund Weight, as it it were his whole Store, although he wa ex-
tremely rich i and the Veflel was of Hom^ that it might laft a long
Time. All thefe Particulars are in Charader. To a t . S a n»
61. ygttrh nmtpartut iutt'i,'] Oldeft Vinegar is ftarpeftand beftj
but Vinegar was cheaper than Oil, and the Strength qf one contded
^he bad Qualities of the odier. Dac.San.
64. Mundut irit, fua non offndat firdiSKs,] This Reading is wdl
fupported by Manufcripts. The Poet means, Ja^itMs eatmts wum^t
frtt, quS non cffendat prdiBu^ The Rule, that he propefesfort
wife Man, is a decent Cleanlinefs, Munditia non fardida, which ei-
plains the Line before, firdidut a temti viSu dijiabit, Cvltui is t
Noun Subftantive, either of good or bad Senfe, and is here unde-
ttrmined . Sa^tnt in neutr0m partm-tuMs mi/er trif j ipm trit miftn
sMt 090fui mtt frrfupu. Ton .
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Sat.' 2. Thb Satires of Noracb. 15^
With cautious Hand he drop*d'Jiis Cabbage o'er.
But fpar*d his ancient Vinegar no moie.
^ HoM^ ihail the Wife decide, thus org'd between
The Piroverb's ravening Wolf and Dog obfcene f
Let him avoid an e^oal WFetchednefs
Of fprdid Filth, or prodigal Excefs;
Nor his poor Slaves Hke old Albacius rate.
When he gives CMers for fonae curioas Treat ;
Nor yet like Nasvius, carekfsly unclean.
His Gucfts with grcafy Water entertain. < ^ ,
This too is vile. Now mark, what Bleffings fiow
From frugal Meals ; and firk they can bellow
That Prime of Bleffings, Health : for you'll confefs
That various Meats the Stomach muft opprcfs.
If .you reflet how light, how well you were.
When plain and fimple was the chearful Fare ;
But roaft, and boil'd, when you promifcuous ear^
Whfn Fowl and Shell-Fifli in Confuiion meet.
Sweets, tum'd to Choler, with cold Phlegm engage^
And in the Stomach civil Warfare wage.
Behold how pale the fated Guefli arife
From Suppers puzzled with Varieties I
The Body too, with Yellerday's Excels
Burtjien'd and tir'd, ihall the pure Soul deprcfs 3
Weigh
67. Simpiex N^tmus,'] 'Wc know not either Albncins or Nevius,,
but one was polite to Afie£lation, the other carelefs to Filthincfs,
Such are th;: Extremes of Avarice and Prodigality.
' 74. Stomacboqu^ tumuhum.'^ ^brace hath taken thiff Idea from
a PafTage in Hippocrates, Different Mean ireed a Ssditiw in the StO'
imcb ; Jme digeft foo^tr and tt>kr\ hter. To R r .
* 76. Ceena de fur gat dubiir\ JSwgat'de cmna duhid, as emettri acerv^
for metiri ex acetvo, and defiroperare apto corona ty in the Odes.
C^na duh'tt feems to have been firft ufcd by Terence, Uki tu duUtat
anid'ftanarp9tfjlhitum%
^ yg. Dvoin^
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.l6o Q;^H0EATirFLACCI Satirarum Lih.t^
Atqoe affigi( humo divinae pirtieahm aura. ^
Alter, ubi di£U> cidiks cunta fopori
Membra dedit, v^oCbs prafcripta ad »iinia furgiCr 89
Hie tamen ad melius potent tnufcurrere quondam:.
Sive diem feftum redicitt adrexerit amuu,
Seu recreare volet tenuatum corpus, ubive
Accedent amu^ Sc tra^Uuri moUiiis aetas
Imbecilla volet: tibi qoidnam aocedetad iftam 8^
Qoam puer & validus prsfuinis, molUticm I fea
Dttralraktudo i&cidesit^ fya tarda feoedbis^ .
Raocidum apium antiqui landabant ; non quia nafua
Illis nuUus erat; fedi credo, bac mente, qu6d hofpes
Tardius adveniens vitiatum commodiuSf quam 90
Integrum edax dominus confumeiet. Hos utinam
inter
Heroas natum telliis me prima tuliflieitf
^Das aliquid fam9» quje carmine gratior aurem
r ()ccupat humanam ? grandes ihombi patinasque
.jGrande ferant una cum damno dedecus. Adder ^^
Iratum patrunm, vicinos, te tibi iniquum,
£t frufba mortis cupidum, quum deerit egenti
As, laquei pretiunL-'- Jure» inquit, Traufius iflis.
Jurg^ur verbis : ego ve^galia magnap
Divitiafque habeo tribus amplas riegibus. Ergo foa
Quo*
78. Divine particubm *mr^»'] To raife the NobleaeAt of the
MiMt Horace hath horrowed the lammgt of Plato, who %9,
that it is It Portion of the unhrerial Soul o£ the World, that is, of
the Divinity himfelf. San.
83. UhiveA Dr. Bentley ptopo&d this Rea^iBg upon Authority
of the Scholialt, who feems to have had it in his Copies hy. ^s Ex-
planation of It, ^um Janpufctrt Cmperit «9t f«M$^«„ VbtquM.
naket a difagreeable Ambiguity. C u n . S a y •
91. Inttfrvmidax domifuu,'] /ia/^<rhath two Significations herc^.
mttin and/wfif, which are both preitnred in the Tranflation.
9t. Prtma tMu] In the firft Aget of Rome, at if the Eartl^
^eit younger and more Tigorovsi
a 9$. Jare^
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^L 2. The SATiRtt^ or Houacb. iSf
eigh down this PortXHit of cekftiai Bifth,
This Breatkof God, and fix it to tke Earth.
• Who down to fleep from a ihort Sapper lies^
Can to the next Day's Bnfineis vigorous hte.
Or jovial wander, when the rdling Yenr
. Brings back the feftal Day, to better Cheer»
Or when his wafted Strength he would i^ftore.
When Years approach, and Age*8 feeble Hour
A fofter Tr^ttment chum* Bat if in Prime
Of Youth and Health yon tako before your Time
The Loxuries cff Life, where is their Aid
When Age or Sicknefs ihall your Strength invade I
Oar Fathers loi^*d (and yet they had a Nofe)
A tainted ^ar : but I believe they choie
The mouldy Fra^ents with a Friend to eat.
Nor by themfelves devour it whole, and fweet.
Oh I that the Earth, when vigorous and youngf
Had borQe me this heroic Race among !
Do You the Voice of Fame with Pleafure hear^f
(Sweeter than Verfe it charms the human Ear)
Behold, what Infamy and Ruin rife
From a large Diih, where the large Turbot lies ;
Your Friends, yoUr Neighbours all yonr Folly hate.
And you yourfelf, in vain, (hall curie your Fate,
When, though You wifli for Death, You want the Pelf
To purchafe even a Rope to han^ yourfelf.
^ Thefe Precepts well may wretched Traufius rate ; •
" Bat why to me ? So large is my Eftatc,
** And'fttch an ample Revenue it brings
•• To iadate even the Avarice of Kings." ^
^ Then
9S. Jurt^ hm^t^ V^u/ht^iu] The Sufe M^]it» Aiym , Imt-
thtf Ufiise of Ue Latili Tongue gives the ftme Fores to the third
Perfon, i«fwV, as m the . iiinety-niiil^ Um of thi feonh «at^«/
firA Book. 103. ItmfU
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%6ft Q;^Hoi.ATii Flacci Satirahvm Lib. J.
Qgod fuperat non eft mcHiit quo infumcre poflu?
Car egeC indignas quifquam, te divke? quare
Templa raant aotiqua DcCan ? car, improbe^ cane
Non aliqaid patriae tanto emetiris acervo f
Uni niminim tibi rcd^ fempcr crunt rci ? 105
O magnas pofthac inimicis rifus ? Utync
Ad cafus dttbios fkiet fibi certiils ? hk* qui
Plaribos adAiertt mentem corpofqae fapeibom ;
An qui contentus parvo, mctacnfque filtari.
In pace, at fapiens, aptarit idonea bello ? 1 to
Quo magis his credas : puer hunc ego parms OfeBum
Ategris opibtts novi non latiiks ufum,
Quam nunc accifis. Videas metato in ag^Oo
Cum pecore Sc natis fortem mercede colbnam,-
Non ego, narrantem, teinere edi luce profefta 1 1 5
Quidquam, p^ter olus, fumofae cum pede pe^pae.
At mih* feu longum poft tempus venerat hofpes,
Sive operum vacuo gratus conviva per imbrem
Vicinns; bene erat, non pifcibus urbe petitis,
Sed pullo atque hoedo : tum^niilis uva fecundas izo
£t nux ornabat menfas, cumduplice ficu.
Poft
103* Ttmpla r9uni sntifua IMtm,'] Mr. Dacier well obfenres,
that Horace here makes bis Court to i^ugiufhu, who hadreftored
many Temples and ancient Monuments.
II';. Mctat0 in MgfiU*] Ofellus was invoWed in the fame Di^oe
and Ruin as Virgil, Tibullus, and Prooertius. Their EfHites were
given by 0£(ayius to the Veterans, wno had ferred againft Brutus
and^Caflius in the Battle of Philipri* That of Ofelhis was given to
Umbrenus, who hired its former MaAer to tUl the Ground for him*,
vurctdt etlonum. As each Soldier had a certain Number of Acres^
the Land was meafured mttat^ agelio before it was dlrided-
117. j4t mibi Jem Ivtgm,] Sen is of all the Manufcripts and all
fuicient Editions- It is hard to fay whenre cum was introduced- Mr«
Coningham and Sanadcn read lonfro pofi tempore for longum poft tempus,
«■ conje^ral Readiai^proptt&d by a Friend of Lambinua.
121. Cum duplite /(«.] Very /arge, for fo the Lbtllis ttfed the
Woxd ib^hM, Wigat (f^w d^dhus, «# cadant, Cato. And in
Virgil
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Sat. 2. The Satires op HotAetJ t6$
Then why not better nfe this prood Exccfs . .-
Of worthlefs Wealth ? Why lives in deep Oiftrefs
A Man unworthy to be poor, or why
Our facred Shrines in aged Ruins lie ?
Why not of fuch a mafly Treafure iparc
To thy dear Countiy, Wretch, a moderate Share f
Shalt thou alone no Change of Fortune know i
Thou future Laughter to thy deadlieft Foe !
But who,, withxonfcious Spirit felf-fccure^i
A Change of Fortune better fliall endure I
ife, who with fuch Variety of Food
Pampers his Follies and enHames his Bloody
Or he, contented with his frugal Store, .
And wifely cautious of the futUre Hour,
Who in the Time of Peace with prudent Care
Shall for th' Extremities of War prepare ?
But, deeper to imprefs this ufeful Truth,
I knew the fage Ofellus in my Youth,
living, when wealthy, at no larger Rate,
Than in his prefent more contradled State,
I {aw the hardy Hireling till the Ground
('Twas once his own Eftate) and' while around .
His Cattle graz'd, and Children liilening ftood.
The chearful Swain his pleafing Tale purfued.
On Working-days I had no idle Treat,
But a fmoak'd Leg of Pork and Greens I eat j
Yet when arriv*d fome long-expe^ed Gucft,
Or rainy Weather gave an Hour of Reft,
If a kind Neighbour then a Vifit paid,
An Entertainment more profufe I made i
Though with a Kid, or Pullet well content,
Ne*er for luxurious Fifh to Rome I fent ;
With Nuts and Figs f crowned the chearful Board,
The largeft that the Seafon could aiford.
The
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ifi4 Q:.HotATii FtACci Satirarum Lib. 2.
Pofi hoc Indus eitt culpi potatfe magiftn :
Ac venemta Ceres, ita' cfilmo furgeret ako,
Eseplicttit vino contraflae feria fronds.
Sajviat, atqae novos moveat Fortima tumoltas j 125
>l^2uantum hinc imminuet ? quanto aut ego parciiis, aut
vos,
O poeri, nijuiftis, at hue novus incola venit ?
Nam propriae telluric herum Natura neque ilium,
Ncc me, net quemquam ftatuit. Nos expulit ille.j
Ilium aut neqaities, aut vafri infcitia juris, .130
Poftremum expellet certe vivacior ieres.
Nunc ager Uihbreni fub nomine, nuper Ofelli
Didns, erit nuUi proprius j fed cedet in ufum
Nunc mihi, nunc alii. Quocirca vivlte fortes,
Fortiaque adverfis opponite pcdiora rebus. 1 3 5
Sax*
VirgH we find 4ap!ex dorfim, Aflhi pha, dapkx twmd in ^e
lame Senfe. This large Fig was little efteemed, confequenUy cheap,
. and thcrefoie fit for the Table of a poor, frugal Farmer.
i7,z* Culpa fotan magiftra'X Potart eitra culpam, culpa tehus,
ua ut fiia culpa potatiimem mxQrHur & cocrceat. The prefcnt Read- ^
inj IS of all the Manufcripts, but hath been very differently rex-
** "^ Turnebus imagines culpa is made the Miftrefs of the Feaft ,
magtftra bibendi, to puniih' any Faults the Gucfts committed br
making them drink a Glafs extraordinary. But he ihamefoUy mil-
takes the Meaning of a PaiTage in Plautus, which he quotes in
Proof of this good Cuftom. Si peccajps, mitham bic retinebo illicoi
if you commit a Fault, I fhall puniih you by refufing yon the Glaft .
m your Turn. Befides, either of thefc Cuftoros mi^t rather breed
Difputes and Quarrels than Mirth and good Humour btdut. Lam,
binus propofes a conjedural Reading, cuppa, which is -received by
Mr. Dacier and others.^ But cuppa figo^^s a C«ik, which a ibber,
frugal Farmer would hardly drink out in one Day. Dr. Bentley with
much Caution recommends Ctt^tf, as if it fignified, Copa, caupona^ a
Wo^an who kept a Tavern, add to whom Ofcllus font for Wine,
r J*^"**"* Edition takes the Manufcript-Reading, with the Scnfc .
of Mr. Sanadon, which well agrees with the Frugality of our Hoft.
However the Palm is yet undecided, and, in the J-anguage of
Dr. Bentley^ may be given to the bcft Guefler,
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Sat. t» Tu« Satikbs dp Hmacx. i6j
The focial Glafs went round with Che^fulnefs^
And our ible Rule was to avoid Excefs^
Our due Libations were to Ceres paid.
To blefs our Corn, and fill the rifing Blade,
While the gay Wine difpePd each anxious Care,
And finooth'd the wrinkled Forehead coo ferere„
Let Fortune rage, and new Diforders make.
From fuch a Life how Uttle can £be take ?
Or have we liv'd^at. a more frugal Rate
Since this new Stranger feizM on our Efbte ?
Nature will no perpetual Heir ailign.
Or make the Farm his Property or mine.
He turnM us out ; but Follies all his own.
Or Law-fuits and their Knaveries yet unknown.
Or, all his Follies and his Law-fuits paft.
Some long-liv'd Heir ihall turn him out at laft.
The Farm, once mine, hdw bears tlmbrentB* Name ^
The TJfe alone, not Pijoperty we dauo ;
Then be not With your prefent Lot depreft.
And meet the future with undaunted Bteaft.
Sat.
IS3. It4iii!mfiKrg$nialt9,^ It of all the Manuicripts, and the
Poet meaiiB lia furmt^ aa fmnt memte Dm etl^k^tur. Horace itfet
gft^Iicmt for €xpli€»Ut, and attributes to Cetca the Xfiefti of that
Wiiief which was dnmk in Honoor of her. Thoie Hopes of a
plentiful ibnreft, with which they were infpired, difpelled their
Ce^s. San,
134. Slmdres'oivittfirtes.] The Condnfioii naturally followa
.fr€nn the Principks, which he laid down. Since it is certain, dut
all Things, are perpetually changing, he it a Fool, who imagittes o^
expe£h, that they fhaU be fixed for his particular Happinefs.
That amiable. Charaifter, which Horace hath given Ofellus, and
the jpleaiiog Pidlure he Wh drawn of him, would engage us (0 be*
lieve, he deiigned to do him fome good Office with Auguftui, and
to perfuade that Prince to foften the Misfortunes of a Mn, fo
worthy of his Favour and Protection. I would give foaiething va*
luable, fays Mr. Dacier, that Auguftus had eibbliihcd him in hit
little Farm.
The
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r66 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. I
Sat. hi.
. Damasippus. Horatius,
DAMASlVrVS)
SI raro fcribes, ut toto non quater anno
Membranahi pofcas, fcriptonun qiiaeque retexens^
Iratus tibi, quod vini fomnique benignus
Nil dignum ft^rmone canas : quid fiet ? At ipfis
Satarnalibus 'hue fugifti. Sobrius ergo 5
Die aliqaid dignum promii&s. Incipe.
HORA*
. The vrhde W<»ld li inter^ifM In ^ Drefent Satire. . Ko Man
wiU make the Application him&lf, but omen take Care to render
him the charitable Office, and oblige him to take his Place. The
Poet intends td prove, that aU Mankind are Fools. Such a Pkopo-
fition is little pleafing in itfelf, and Horace therefore pleaAuithr gives
it to an Orii^nal, who wonld believe himfelf a great PhiloiofJier,
. fcecanfe he carries a great Beard, has a go<}d Memoiv to retain, and :
y a Facili^ of expreffing the Maxims of the Stoic Schools. He is a
y Kind of Mifanthrd^e^ who draws up a Proceis a^nft IManfeind : I
he is a Fool, who proves very fenfiblY, . that others are out of their '
. Senfes,. and who ihewe,- that he hiniulf i&of the Nianber. This
gpneral Proportion is diib'ibfited.into many 'different Pifhires, In
..which the principal Pal&ons, that tyraonife over the Heart of Man,
are reprefented Thefe Pidtures are of exquiiite Tafte, andKat«re !
appears through them all. The Poet himfelf is equally various.
Jovial, fecious, delicate, and even trifling ; he amufes, attacks,
natters, and while he tribes, has always fome inftru^ive Moral in
View, ■ -
|t ?appelirs by the hundred eighty.fifth Line, that Horace wrote
ilitfi Satire -in 720 when he was about one or two and thi|ty Years
of Age. San.
Verf. I. 5/ raro fcribes.'] Seven Manufcripts have prcferved this
Reading, and it hath been received into the Text by fome of pur
beft Editors. It refers to quid Jiet, and ttt fignifies adec ut. This
Reproach^ which Damafippus makes to Horace, however unjuA, is
vcxy
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^. The Satires or HoRxec. 167
' ' . ' - — — — II _
Sat. III.
Damasippus. Horace,
Dauasittvs.
IF hardly once a Quarter of a Year,
So idle grown,, a fingle Sheet appear ;
If angry at yourfelf, that ^eep aiid Wine
Cnjoy your Hours, while anxious to refine
Your Labours paft, no more your V6ice you raife
To aught that may deferve the publick Praife,
What (hall be done ? When Satum^s jovial Feaft,
Seem'd too luxuriant to your fober Tafle,. -
Hither you Bed. Theii try the pkafing Strain :
Come on : begin,
HORACB,
very common* From the .Moiyieat a Mart l»ecomes an. Autl^or^ 1m*
feenas to. havegiven.a I'ledge.to.a Compaoy jof Idle» to&^ Amufe*
ments for ti^ir Indolence* . . . , » Saji.
a. Rettxms,^ Is«i Tenii in weaving, and w here tnetaphorically
ttfed for correaing, retoochmg rf Work. This Care cofe Awthort
mach TrtnkMe. - No^ are thfey all equally caprfbte of it, ftor Iff it M
dangetx>U8 to correft too much, than not to correft at all 5 for it
often happens, that the Phlegm of Correaion deadens the Fire of
Compofition. San,
4. At iitfii'1. At is here put inftead oi ah^ and the Stop is placed
iit£X Jobriut, - Thus Dr. Bentley, Mr. Cuningham and Sanadoo
have reftored'the Text , upon Authority of fo^i^ excellent Copies.
The Senfe requires, XhAifohrtvt ihould be feparatfed TxomfugiftK
5. Saturxalibks.'i Horace idid not love thefe n6ify Direrfions ; a
better ReafoA for his retiring into the Codn^, than that Sobriety,
with which Damafippus compIiiFiCnts him. San.
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i68 Q^Ho&ATix Flacci Sati&a&vm Lib^j^
HORATIVS.
NMcft.
Culpantur froftra cabuai, immeritulque labonu
Irads natitt paries Dis atque poetis.
Damasippus.
Atqttivalci»cmtjaiiltaac prasdaia ininanris»
Si vacttom tepido cepiflet villuk te£U). lO
Qooifam pertinttit ftiparePlatona Menandro ?
Eupolia Archibcho? comites ediic6re tantos i
Invidiam placare paras yirtute relida ?
Contemnere mifer. Vitanda eft improba Siren
Deftdla; aut, quidquid vita meliore parafti, 15
Ponendum asquo animo.
Horatius;
Di te, Damafipp^ Deas^
VeruQi ob confiHum donent tonfore* Sed uade
Tam bexte me nodi ?
Damasxppus.
Foflquain omnis res mea Janum
Ad
^. tratif natm pari$t 1)?'.] Tlie Walls of » Poet*t Chamber ftem
%uilt with the Curfe of the Gods npon them, fince the Gods hare
fabje£led them to the capricious Paflions of the rhiming Titbe,
^/dko curie and ftrike tbem ia their poetical Fits, as if they were the
Cawfe of their Sterility. Quiatilian de&ribes them in thor Heat of
imi»pn$tM», thzowiog a^ut their Arms, makiog a thoafiuid Coo-
tortions, and muttering Curfes to themfelves* All this, (ays he, i&
very ridiculous if they be not alone. Some of'Viir Interpreters sb-
4erftand this Wall, as a tmly poetical Wall, covered with Wax, oa
which the Poets wrote their Midnight Infpirations.
13, yirtute reltffS,'] Virtui for labt^ as mta mtliot in the fol-
lowing Verie for wta loMoft, Bulinefs is a great Friend to Vir-
tue, and a Ufe of Idlenefi can hardly be a Life of Innocence. Se-
neca, pafiing \j the Houfe of Servilius Yacia, who had retired into
the CounCty, iaid not unhappily, Vatia hit ptu% eft, Vaeid it hritd
bert s for indeed an Idler's Life hath more of Death than Life ia it.
Dac. Sav.
16. Dammfi^,'] JuUut Dttsafippusj a Senator^ whom Cicero
"''- — lA hit Epiffles,
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Sat. 3. The Satires op Horace. 169'
Horace.
Alas ! 'tis all in vain.
While I with Impotence of Rage abufe
My hannlefs Pens, the guiltlcfs Wallsaccuie ; ^
Walls, that fecm rais'd in angry Heaven's Defpite,
The Curfe of peevilh Poets, when they write.
Damasippus.
And yet you threatened fomething woDderous greats
When you ihould warm you in your Country-feat,
Why croud the Volumes of the Grecian Sage,
Rang'd with the Writers of the comic Stage ?
Think you the Wrath of Envy to appeafe.
Your Virtue loft in Idlenefs and Kafe ?
Unhappy Bard, to fure Contempt you run.
Then learn the Siren Idlenefs to ftiun.
Or poorly be content to lofe the Fame,
Which your paft Hours of better Life might claim.
Horace.
Sage Damaiippus, may the Powers divine.
For this fame excellent Advice of thine.
Give thee a Barber, in tlieir fpecial Grace,
To nurfe your Beard, that Wifdom of the Face.
Yet, prithee, tell me whence Vm (b well known.
Damasippus.
When I had loft iall Bufmefs of my own.
And
17. Donent tofifon,] Our Poet knotys not better how to eiprefs
his Gratitude, for the folemn, charitable Advice, that Damafippui
had given him, than by willing him a good Barber ; for the Stoics
-valued nothing fo much, as this wife and venerable Length of Hair.
From h^nce the Proverb, Barla tenus fapientes, and all the pleafant
Kid^icuie in Lucian upon this Mark of Wifdom. We fhall find the
Beard itfelf called wife, in the the thirty-fifth Line,
18, Jamim ad medium, 1 The Name of Janus was fometimes gi-
ven to thofe gi;f:at Arcadet, which crofTed the Streets of Rome.
Livy tells us there were three of them ereftcd in the Forum, the
Vol. III. I middle
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K 1.70 Q;_ HoRATii F1.ACC1 Satirarvm Lib. f*
Ad medium fra£ta eft, aliena aegotia euro,
Excuffus propriis. Olim nam ^uaerere amabam, 20 '
Quo vafer ille pedes laviiTet Siiyphus acre ;
Ix^id fculptum infabr^, quid fUfum doriilto efieC :
Callidus httic figno ponebam millia centum :
Hortos egreglafque domos mercarier unus
Cum lucro noram : unde frequeptk Mercurial! 25
Impoiuere mihi cognomeB cogpita.
HoaATivs*
NowV
£t mlror moibi purgatum te illius.
Damasippu-8.
Atqoi
Emovit veterem mire novus, ut folet, in cor
Traje6lo lateris miferi capitifve dolore :
Ut lethargicus hie quum £t pugil, & medicum utget. yy
HORATIUS.
Dum ne quid iimile huic, efto ut libet.
Damasipjpus.
bone, ne te
Fruf.
middle of which Horace means, and which he diftioguiflies from,
the yanus fummuSy and y^nus ivtus. The Reader may fte the Note
on the fifty-fourth Line, firft Epiftle, firft Book.
19. Aliena nfgotia cyro,"] This is in perfeft Character* When he
had nothing of his own to do, he was impertinently bufy in th« Af-
fairs of others. A wife Occupation for a Philofophcr. Dac.
23. CalUdusJ} Damalippus is an Original. HeconfeiTes he was
mined by bad Bargains, yet boafts of his Sk.II and Cimning, as if
h'c, never had been deceived, Calfidut cum lucro. Da c.
z'» Mcrcuriali.J Such is the Reading of Mr. Cuningham and
Sanadon, as of more Elegance than Mercuriah, or Mtrcurialis^
Damafippus, ever in Chara^er, boafts of a Surname, which was
given him in RailJeVy. Mercury was the God of Commerce, and
when a Man had an uncommon Skill in buying and felling, he waa
ufually called Mercuria/is, or Fa'vourite of Mercury, A Number of
>Icrchants, in 259, formed themfelves into a Body with this
Title,
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\ Sat. 3. The Satires op Horace.' 17,
I And at th^ Exchange my fhip-wreckM Fortunes broke
•» . I minded the Affairs of other Folk. '
■ In rare Antiques full curious was my Tafte,
• f^ Here the rude Chizzel's rougher Strokes I'trac'd ;
. In flowing Brafs a vicious Hardnefs found.
Or bought a Statue for five hundred Pound.
' A pcrfed ConnoifTeur at gainful Kate,
I purchased Gardens, or a Manfion-Scat.
j Thus through the City was I known to Fame,
I And Mercury's Favourite my public Name.
I Horace.
I I knew your Ilhiefs, and amazM beheld
•* Your fudden Cure.
I Damasippus.
J A new Difcafe expelTd
r My old Diflempcr : as when changing Pains
Fly to the Stomach from the Head and Refcis.
) Thus the Lethargic, ftarting from lus Bed
' In boxing Fxenzy, broke his Dodor's He«d.'
Horace.
^'j Spare but this Frenzy, ufe me as you pirtfc
; DAMASIPPtrS.
j! Good Sir, don't tri^nph in your own Difeafe,
; Pbr
t
Title, and dedicated a Temple to the God. Mercury was himfelf
a God of many Surnamcsi, which are pleaiaatly reckoaed up in the
Plutus of Ariftophanes.
*8. Cvr ] The Latins ufed the Word C*r, in Imitation of the
Creek xatp^icf, to fignify the Stomach.
30. Ue hibargicMi */V.] It is not impoffible, that fuch a Faft
might have happened, for there is great Danger, that the hot and
Violent Remedies, ufed for rouzing a Patient out of a Lethargy,
may throw him into the contrary Diforder, a Frenzy, Dac!
I * 3«, Stuitu
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%yt (^HoRATH Flacci 5atirarum Lib. a-
Fru^ere ; infanis & tu, ftultique prope omnes.
Si quid Stertinius veri crepat j unde ego mira
Dcfcripfi docilis praecepta haec, tempore quo me
Solatus juflit '{apientem pafcere barbam, 35
Atque a Fabricio non triftem ponte reverti.
Nam, male re gefla> quum vellem mittere operto
Me capite in flumen, dexter fletit, &,
Stertinius.
Cave faxis
Te quidquam inidignum ; pudbr, inquit, tc malus angit,
Infanos qui inter vereare infanus haberi. 40
Primum nam inquiram, quid fit furere : hoc fi erit in te
Solo ; nil verbi, pereas quin fortiter, addam.
Quern mala ftultitia, & quaecunquc Infcitia veri
Csecum agit, infanum Chryflppi porticus & grex
Aata-
31. Stultlque prepe omnei.'] It was an abfutd and ridiculous Maxim
among the Stoics, that all vicious People were equally Fools and
Madmen. Prope does not therefore leflen the Univerfality of the
Propofition, for the Latins frequently ufe prope and fere {otfemper.
In the next Line^ is not faid in any Manner of Doubt, but has
the Force 13S an Afiurmatire.
36. A Fabricio ponte,"], It \^ now called in Italian, ^Cbe Bridge of
t be four Heads, {torn a four-faced Statue of Janus erefted near it.
37. Operto capite,"] They, who devoted themfelves to Death for
the Good of their Country, covered their Heads with their Robe,
and it is pleafant enough to fee DamaHppus doing that, in an Exce£s
of Defpair and Folly, which Decius did in a Tranfpbrt' of Religion
and Generofity. This Image gives Rife to the Raillery of Sterti-
nius, when he fays, nil verbi,'pereai quin fortiter, addam. San.
38. Dexter ] Opportanus, propitius. The Right was by the An-
cients efteemed the lucky Side.
Caw faxis] The Stoics defpifed Death, when it was honourable
or neceffary, but to drown himfelf in Defpair was a villainous Death
for a Philofopher The Pleafantry of the Scene is, that Stertinius
is going to convince him he is a Fool, and then advifes him not to
dp any thing, which may diihonour his Charafler. San. Dac.
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Sat. 3. The Satires of Horace. , 173
For all arc Fools or Mad, as well as you.
At leaft, if what Stertinius fays, be true,
Whofe wonderous Precepts I with Pleafure heard,
*What Time he bad me nurfe this reverend Beard,
Chearful from the Fabrician Bridge depart.
And with the Words of Comfort filPd my Heart,.
For when, my Fortunes loft, refolv'd I ftood.
Covering my Head, to plunge into the Flood,
Propitious he addrcft me — —
Stertinius.
Friend, take heed,
Kor wrong yourfelf by this unworthy Deed.
'Tis but a vicious Modefty to fear
• Among the Mad a Madman to appear.
But liftea heedful iirft, while I explain
What Madnefs is, what Errour of the Brain i
And if in you alojEie appear its Power,
Then bravely perifh : I fhall fay no more. .
Whom vicious PaiTions, or whom Falftiood, Wind,
Are by the Stoics held of madding Kind.
All
39» '^'«g"''»] Is of fevcral Manufcripts, and received by many ex-
cellent Editions, inftead ofarget, which could not with Elegance be
repeated here, fince the Poet ufed it in the thirtieth Line.
41. Hoe^ erit in te foio,'\ This is a Conclufion worthy of the falfc
Principles he has laid down. Inftead of curing the Follies of his
Difciplc, Stertinius rather authorifes, at leaft excufes thetyi, by
faying they are almoft univerfal. A Phyfician, wha inftead of
curing his Patient fliould comfort him, by telling him, that all the
World were fick of the fame Diftemper, would appear a very bad
Phyfician. But to comfort a Man in his Vices by faying, there are
numberlcfs Examples of them, might indeed ture his Senfe of
Shame, his pudcr malus, but would as certainly rum his Morals, 9a
fucha Phyfician muft deftroy the Health of his Patient.
44* Cbry/ippi porticus,^ The Porticus was a famous Gallery at
Athens, where Zeno held his School, which from the Greek Word
■Xroct, Porticus, took the Name of Stoic. No other Phllofcphy
taught Mankind a>bre Pride, by pretending to give them an Empire
^ . I fl over
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174 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satikarum Lib. 2.
Autttmat. Haec populos» luce magnos formula reges» 45
Excepto fapientCj tenet. Nunc accif e» qua re
Defipiant omnes asque ac tu, qui tibi nomen
Iniano pofiiei«. Velut fylvis, ubi pafiim
Falantes error certo de tramite pellit^
IDe finiftrorfum>hk dextrorrum ahit ; unas utrimqae s^fi
Error, ied varlis iUudit partibus : hoc te
Crede modo inraniun ; nihilo ut fapientior ille»
Qui te deridet, caudam trahat. £11 genu3 unom
Stttltitiae niluli!kni metuenda timentis ; ut ignes,
Ut rapes* fluviofque in campo obftare queratur ; 53;
Alterum & bdc varimn 8e nihilo iapientiib, ignet
Per nxdios fluviofqoe ruentis. Clajnet arnica
Mater, honefb foror, cum cognatis pater, uxor :
Hie fofTa eft ingeiis, hic rupes maxima, ferra :
Non magis audierit, quam Fufius ebrius olim 60
Quum Ilionam edormit ; Catienis mifie ^hicentis.
Mater, t£ appblloi clamantibus. Hulc ego valgus
Errori
«Ter themfelves, and their PaiYiOAS, But this pretended Empire
only rendered them really unhappy by amufing them with chime*^
rical Ideas of an impraAicahle Virtoe. S jln*
45« IWatiiAi.] Was a Law-Word, fignifying the Rules of Pfa««
tice in conducing a Procefa.
50. C/ifir/MfHc] Mz. Cunini^haai made this little Aheration.
Pafim paUittei give an Idea of aNumhor of Tramileniy mi bteh
• an Idea better agrees with the Senic of the Poeiit» than either mt^tfut
«r Mfrtjfut, Hie and Wi may be undeHfood as Pluraia,^ hi and ////.
53. Omdam trab0t,'\ A Metaphor, as the old Commentator welf
•b&rvea, taken firom a £uftom amongft C hildren, who tied a Tail
behind a Peifoo whom they had a mind to lavgh at,
Rftfmut vffMM.] Stertinius, better to prove his Afl^Ion, begins
-with cftabliihing it by two Examples, which, cannot be difptstrd.
From thence, as^^m an acknowledged P^ciple, he would prove
ky ComparifoB, that tdicre asemorftFoolsiiithe Wodd, tkaawe
^uierally imagifie. S a v.
6r. mwam tdonmf.J The Tran^btor hatk hazarded tki& £x«
preffiiQ,. hmu& >( io ot peculinr Foroe andBeatti^
Fa/ut
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Sat ^» The Satires op HoRACBr 175
All but the WHc are by this Proccfs bound.
The fubjeft Nations, and the Monarch crowii*d,.
And they, who call you Fool, with equal Claim
IVIay plead an ample Title to the Name.
When in a Wood we leave the certain Way
One Errour fools ns, though we various ftray.
Some to the left, and fome to toother Side ;
So he, who dares thy Madnefs to deride.
Though yon may frankly own yourlelf a Fool.
Behind him trails his Mark of Ridicule.
For various Follies fill the human Breaft^
As, with unreal Terrours when poffeft,
A Wretch in fuperftitious Frenzy cries,
Lo ! in the Plain what Rocks, M'hat Rivers rife t
A dii^erent Madnefs, though not lefs, infpires
The Fool, who ruflies wild through Streams and Fires >
His Mother, Sifter, Father, Friends and Wife,
Cry out, in vain. Ah ! yet pijdjwfv^ |hy Life ;
Tkit head>WBg Dilck I hfow dre^dllkk it apptari^l
That hangixig Precipice f x)f> nxor^, he hears,
TiviA druek«n Fufi^ lately- at a Pky
Who fairly flept Ilione away.
While the full Pit, with clamouroas thoulands, criea^
.ARIS.B, DEAR Mother, to my Aid, arisb.
Now
Fujiuf, for iuchi8theKameinfevenManurcript9, wziMXxASioi,
"who flaying the C^ustSitr tf liione, was fuppoited to be alleep,.
when the Ghiofk of her Son Polydore called to her» Dtar Mctber,
j^gar me, Fufius ha.v»g drunk too much, fell reaUy aHeep ; and
Catleans, who pUysd Polydore, having called to him, wiihout
waking him, the whole l^ule, a^ if each of them was a Catieatu,
cried o«t, J^ear Mother, hear me. The Number of two hundred
thoufand 14 a pleafant Exaggeration. Accius or Pacuvivs, wrote a.
Tragedy on the Stojy of iiionfc, and the whole Paflage is preferired-
to lift in Cicorc^ whlch^ ffifihigs, . the lleader may h^ wiilliflg to if e^.
I ^ Mattr
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176 (^HoRATii Flacci Satiraivm Lib. 2«
Errori iiinilem conftum inianire docebo.
Infanit veteres ftatuas Damaiippus emendo.
Integer eft mentis Damafippi creditor ? Efto : 6^
Accipe, quod nonqaam reddas mihi, Ci tibi dicam :
Tune infanus eris^ fi acceperis ? an magis excors
RqeAa pracda, quam praefens Mercurius fert ?
I Scribe decern a Nerio : non eft fatis ; adde Cicutae
Nodofi tabulas, centum mille adde catenas : 70
RfFugiet tamen haec fceleratus vincula Proteus.
Quum rapies in jus m^s ridentem alknis,
Fiet aper, modo avis, modo faxum, Sc, quum volet^
arbor.
Si male rem gerere infani eft ; contra, bene fani ;
Pu^ius multo cerebrum (mihi crede) Perilli eft 75
Di^antis, quod tu nunquam refcribere poflis.
Audirc,
Mater, tt uppeUo, tu quae fomno curam fujptnfum levat^
Neqite te met miferet, /urge &'fepeli natum
PrimffuamferavQlucrefqut,'-^
Polydare caUs his Sifter, Mother, becaufe he was educated under
her Care, or becauie it was a general Name of Tendernefs and Ref-
ped. One thing more we may learn from this PafTage, that Men
played the CharaAers of Women, although there Were A^befies on
the Roman ^ taget
66, Accipf^ quod nunquam reddas,"] Stertinius goes on to prove^
-not only that Damaiippus is not a Fool in buying Statues, fince he
does not pay for them, but that he would be a Fool indeed, to re-
fufe the Favour, which Mercury offers him in the Credulity of
Perilius. ' Dac,
69, Scn% decern £t Nerio."] A Nerii manu } Nerii de men/a, from
the Bank of Nerius. There are now three Perfons on the Scene j
Damaiippus, the Borrower ; Perillius, the Lender j and Nerius,
the Banker, in whofe Hands Perillius had lodged his Money, and
in whofe Books, the Pcrfon, who borrowed any Sum, was obliged
"to Write his Name and fpeci^ the Sum. As for Inftance, J Dama*
Jiff us have received from Nerius the Banker ten tboufand Seftercet^
belonging to Perillius, JScribe decern a Nerio, are the Words of Pe-
rillius to Damaiippus, which Horace puts into the Mouth of Ster-
tinius, as an Anfwer to what he had juft faid, that Perillius was
a Fool to lend fo much Money to Damaiippus. I am not fuch 9
1 Fooi
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Sat. 3. Thb Satires of Horacsv 177
Now liften while fall clearly I maintain
Such is the vulgar Errour of the Brain.
Some rare Antique, fuppofe, your Madnefs buys ^
Is he, who lends the Money, lefs unwife ?
Or if the Ufurer Perillius faid.
Take what I ne'er expe£l ihall be repaid.
Are you a Fool to take it, or not more
T'afFront the God, who fends the Ihining Store ?
Perillius.
Ay ; but I make him on a Banker draw<— -
Stertinius.
'Tis not enough : add all the Forms of Law ;
The knotty Contrafts of Cicuta'^s Brain,
This wicked Proteus ihall efcape the Chain :
Drag him to Juftice, he's a Bird, a Stone,
And laughs, as if his Cheeks were not his own.
If bad Oeconomifts ^re held unwife,.
In good Oeconomy fome Wifdom lies^
And then Perillius is of tainted Brain,
Who takes your Bond, to fue for it in vain.
Come
Fool as you imagine, fays Perillius, for I made him write a Receipt
for it in the Baiier^s Regiflry. ^ Da c.
Non efi fittis,"] Stertinius addrefles himfelf to Perillius, and this
quick,^ unmarked Change of the Speaker hath made great Part of
the Difficulty^ which the Commentators have always acknowledged
in this PafTage. The Tranflator hath made Perillius himfelf fpeak
the Words Scribe decern a Nerio, but he would not venture to take
luch a Liberty with the Original, although the next Words noa eft
fatis might feem to authoriie it.
69. GcUtte nodoji taMat,] Cicuta was an old Notary, who knew^
too well the Pradice of Bonds, to negle^ any Claufes or Forms,
capable of binding thefe Engagements, Such is the Force of no Jo/us,
tabula are the Bonds or Contracts, from whence Notaries' were
, called tabularii,
72. Malii ridentem alients.l People are not ufually too careful
«f what belongs to other?, from whence this Kind of proverbial Ex.
I 5 preflion,.
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i7d Qj Ho»ATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. 3»
Audire, atquc togftm jubco eomponere, quifquJs
Ambitione mala» aut argenli pallet amocc ;
Quifquis luxuna» triftive faperftidone,
Aut alio mentis mofba calet ; hue propias me. Bo
Dum doceo infanire onmos* tos Ofdine adite.
Danda eft ellebori mutto pars maxima avaris :
Nefdo an Anticyram ratio ilUs deilinet omnem,
Heredes Staberi fummam incidere fepulcro :
Ni fic fecilTent, gladiatomm dare centum S^
Damnati populo pana> atque epulum, arbitrio Arri, Sc
Frumcnti quantum metit Africa. Sive ego prave
Sea rede hoc volui» ne fis patruus mihi. Credo
Hoc Staberi prudcntcm animum vidiiTe— -
Dama-
fnBon, I^mtgbing wib snother MmCt Cbetkt, Mr. Dader very
Mell obferves^ that our Poet hath tranllated it from Horner^ when
he fays of Penelope's Lovers.
OdyflT. XX. Lib. 346. V.
77. Togam ccmp§»gre* ] Stertinius is fo well pjcrfuaded of the
Truth and Importance of the Maxims^ which he is preparing to
difplay, that he demands a lone Audience^ and declares he will not
be interrupted. It is true, he iays many excellent Things, but that
pedantic, original Air with which he fays them, only convinces us,
he is not lefs a Fool, than thofe, whom he pretends to inftrud.
Dac.
81. Dum dcceo infanire emnes*] In a modeft and obliging Hefoltu
tion of convincing Mankind, that they are Foola and Madmen, he
calls to all, who have either Follies or Vices, anddefires them to
attend his Le£bure< A large Audience indeed, but, to prevent Coii>-
Ibfion, he bids them approach in Order, vot ordiat, adite*
8a. Danda efi elleScri,] Hellehore was not only ufed is Sicknefa
hy the Ancients, but to give Force and Vigour to the Wit,^ whe»
they were in Health. Valerius Maximus tells us Carneadea uiied
k with great Succefs, whenever he was to difpute with Chryfippus,
from whence it was in great Efleem among aU. who had a Paffion
ibrioiidPiaiie.
S6» Damna^
,y Google
Come all, whofe Breafts with bad Ambition rife.
Or the pate Paflion, that for Money dies.
With Luxury, or Superilidon's Gloom,
Whate'cr Difeafe your Health of Mind confbme,
Compofe yor Robes ; in decent Ranks draw near,.
And, that ye all are mad, with Reverence hear,
Mifers make whole Anticyra their own :
Its Hellebore -rcferv'd for them alone.
Staberius thus compelled his Heirs t'engrire
On his proud Tomb what Legacies he gave.
Or iland condemned to give the Croud a, Feaft,
By Arrius form'd in Elegance of Tafte,
And Gladiators, even an hundred Pair,^
With all the Corn of Afric's fruitful Year.
Such is my Will, and whether Fool or Wife^.
I fcorn your Cenfures the Teftatoir crie*.
Wifely perceiving - ^
66. Damnatl pofmlt^'l AliiitKeg to the Form of the Will in which.
the Teftator required any thing of hie Hcir^^ H£res Damnas
Be TO. Staberius is another Original ; he orders his Neir^ to lay.
out that Wealth in a vaia, ridiculoas Sxtravagance, which he had.
raifed by denying himfelf the NeceiTaries of Ijfe. Yet there is nOt
thing too ridiculous for Imitation* Torrentius hath found an Epi-.
taph of a Phyfician, almoft in the fame Form as that of Staberius ;
what Sums of Money he ha4 given to the Public in his Life^ aad
what he was poiTeiled of at his Death.
Atbitrio Arru'\ Arrius, whom Staberius makes his Escecutor,
^ji^as probably one of the Priefts, called fefttmviri epulonet^ who
were appointed to regulate the Le&ifiernia^ thefe religiotu Feafis,,
in which the ^tatu^s of the Gods were iqyited to fit witl^ t|u^.'
W^rihippers.
S7. Shve 0g9pr0^.J Theie Words sir« fuppoftd to be ffoktnhy
Staberius. Every Man is MaAer of his own Fortune, theji why
^olii- yoti prefuBse to cenfure nae fof the Difpofbl of mine ? Ptf-
trm$, 9n Vacle, was a ioft of proverbial Namo fbr any fevere, il|-
^atipred Cenfurer, beeaufe Uacka ^re generally lefs. indulgent to
their Nephews, than Parents are to their Children. We are obliged
t« Mr. (Hwv^rtht^xpiaiifttioj^^ this whole Pa%e.. , f
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l8o C2^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. 2*
DamasIfpus.
Quid ergo
Senfit» qaum fummam patrimoni infculpere iaxo 90
Heredes voluit? 1
Stertinius.
Qu<^d vixit, credidit ingens
Pauperiem yitium, Sc cavic nihil acrius : ut, ii
Forte minus locuples uno quadrante periiTet,
Ipfc videretur fibi nequior. Omnis enim res.
Virtus, fama, decus, divina, humanaque pulchris 9$
Divitiis parent; quas qui conftruxerit^ ille
Claras erit, forti^ juflus —
Damasippus.
Sapienfhe ?
Stertinius*
Etiam & rex,
Et quidquid volet. Hoc, veluti virtute paratum,
Speravit magnse laudi fore. Quid iimile ifti
Grsecus Ariftippus ? qui fervos projicere aurum toa
In media juffitj^ibya, quia tardiiis irent
Propter onus fegnes* Uter eft infanior horum ?
Damasippus.
Nil agit exemplum, litem quod lite refolvit.
Stertinius.
Si quis emat citharas, emtas comportet in unum^
Nee ftttdio cithatse, nee Nufse deditus ulli ; 109
«* Si
91, ^9advixh.'] This making ^oad one Syllable Is aremarfr-
Mt Ibftance of poetical Lieence. We find it ufed by Lucretius in
the fame manner^ quoad licet, ac potts es, Sak.
100. Gr^eut Ariftiffms.'] Ariftippus was the Chief of the Cy-
tenaic Se£^. He held, that Pleafure was the fitmmtm benumb aM
Virtue only valuable, as it was a Means of gaining that Pleafure*
Epicurus was perfeftly rigid, when compared to his Mafter Ariftip-
pus, and by our Author's Manner of mentioning him in many
Farts of his Works, we may believe he was no Enemy to fo con-
venient a Philofophy, Staberitts^ who i^as a Stoicj has given aa.
. r ' Ut
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Sat. 3. Thb Satires op Horace. 181
Damasippu3.
What could he perceive,
•Thtts on his Tomb his Fortune to engrave ?
Stertinius.
JLong as he liv'd^ he look'd on Poverty,
And fhunM it as a Crime of blackeft Dye ;
And had he died one Farthing lefs in Pelf,
Had feemM a worthlefs Villain to himfelf ;
For Virtue, Glory, Beauty, all divine
And human Powers, immortal Gold ! are thine ;
And he, who piles the ihining Heap, fhall rife
Noble, bravcy juft— -
Damasi^ppus.
You will not call him wife.
Stertinius.
Yes; anything; a Monarch, ifhepleafe;
And thus Staberius, nobly fond of Praife,
By lateft Times might hope to be admir'd.
As if his Virtue had his Wealth acquired.
When Ariftippus, on the Lybian Wafle
Commands his Slaves, becaufe it flop'd their Haile>
To throw away his Gold, docs he not feem
To be as mad, in oppoiite Extreme I
Damasippus.
By fnch Examples, Truth can ne'er be try*d ;
Tlicy but perplex the Qucftion, not decide.
Stertinius.
If a Man fiird his Cabinet with Lyres,
Whom neither Mufic charms, nor Mufe infpires :
Should
3I-natured Turn to this Story, which is much conunended by Ci-
cero } for Arifiippus had only one Slave, whom he commanded ta
throw away aa much of his Money, as was too heavy to carry.
Dac.San.
104. Si pn'i mat (itbaras>\ Stcrtimai allows the Force of the
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i82 Q^KoftATii Flacci Satirarum La>. «.
Si fc^pra ac forxnas non futor i nautlca vela
.AvqHus neroituns : (kUnis & amens
Undique dicacor merkd* Qui difcrepat ifts,.
Qui nommos aurumque zccomtit, neidus ud,
Compofitis, metuenfque rdut contingere £u:rQin T f i^
Si quis ad iagentem frumenti femper acervum
Porre^us vigilet longo cum f)i(ie> neqiM fllliiCL
Audeat efurienf dcnaiiius continger« gnmim i
Ac potias foliis paicos vefcttur amarra i •
Sipo&tis intos Chii veter>%u« Falend^ 11^5^
Milie cadit^ nihil eft> teicentam miliibu»> acre
Potet acetum ; age, fi & ftramentis ineubet iradc-
odioginta annos natus^ cui firagula vellis,
Blattarum ac tinearum epulas, puCiefcat in area :
Nimirum infanus paucis videatur ; eo quod 1 2Q
Maxima pars hominum morbo jadlatur eodem.
Filius> aut e^m haec libertus ut ebibat heres>
Dis inimice fenex, cuftpdis^ ne tibi defit ?
Quantulum enim fummae cur^tabit quifque dierum>
,Ungere fi caules oleo meliore, caputque L2j^
jCoepcris imgexal ftedum porrjgine ? quare^
Si quidvis fatis eft> perjuras, furripis, aufers
Ux^iquc ^ tua* fanus I Populum fi caedere faxis
Incipias,.
Objection, that it Is imftoffible to diecide^ -whp is the grettter Foo},
Staberius or Ariftippus^ but he now gives other Inftances to deter-
mine the QuefUon in Favour of the Prodigal a^ainft the Mifer.
Money to aij^ifer^ i§ like an Inftrnfaent of Mu/ic in th< Hands oF
a Man, who knows not how to play on it. They both owe thek
Harmony to ijic Art of ufing them.
109, Nummot aurumque recondite'] To hide our Riches is not only^
a Fo11y> but an Inju(lice and a Robbery^ iince Mankind have a naj^
ttral Right to the Circulation pf what was taken out of the Sarth.
for public Ufe. Sak,
114. Poliit amarh.'] Art uflially explained, Wild ffgrBr, that
arc not fo fweet as thofe of the Garden, but Mr. Dacier thinJ^ tbjs
Poet meias, J^^iwmAn^i w^kna QilirMmtf^
128. Tun*
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^t. 3* The Satlres of Horaci. 183
Should he buy LaAs and Knhnes, wlia never mad«
-A Shoe ; or ila Wight, wha l^ted Trade,
The Stth and Tackk for a Veflfel bought,
Idadman et Foo^he might bo j^flly thought.
But, prithee, where's the Difference, to behoM
A Wretch, who heaps and hkks his darhng Gold ;
Unknowmg how to uk the maiTy Store,
Yet dreads to viokte the facred Ore ?
With a l<Mig Club, M\d ever-ope» Byes,
To guard ^s C*^!! its wretched Mailer Kes,
Nor dares, though hungry, touch the hoarded Grain,
While bitter Herbs his frugal Life fuftain ;
If in his Cellar lie a thoufand Fla&»
(Nay, let them rife to thrice a tkoufand Ca&s)
Of old Falemian, or of Chian Vine,
Yet if he drink • meer Vinegar for Wine j
If at Fourfcore of Straw he made his Bed,
While Moths upon his rotting Carpets kd.
By few, forfooth, a Mttdmaii he is thought.
For half Mankind the fame Difeafe have caught^
Thod Dotard, cuded in the Love of Pelf,
For fear of flarving, will you ftarve yourfdf {
Or do you this ill-gotten Treafure fave
For a luxurious Son, or fevouritc Save ^
How little would thy Mafs of Money wafte>
Did you on better Oil and Cabbage feaft^
Or on thy clotted Hair and d5indruff-Head„
A fweeter Effence more profu&ly Ibed ?
If Nature wifh for no immoderate Store,
Then why foHwear, and xob^ and (leal for more f
Vet
i»8* TuiC fanuif] Wtt have here a new Scene* Stcrtiaius ad.
dreiles himfclf to another whom he had called to pafs in Review
l)efoie him» Vot ordine adiH% Ht sow fpeaks to oaP| who had ^oU
foncd
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i84 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. 2.
Incipias» fervofquey tuo quos xre paiaris :
Infanum te omncs pueri, clamentque pocllx* " 130
Quum laqueo uxorem interimis, maticmqae veneno,
Incolumi capite es? Quid enim? neque tu hoc &dfs
Argis,
Ncc ferro, ut dcmcns, gcnitriccm occidis, Oreftcs.
An ttt reris eum occlia infanifTe parente ?
Ac non ante mails dementem adum Furiis, quam 13$
In matrls jugulo ferram tepefecit acattun ?
Qoin, ex quo cfi habitus male tutse mentis On&es,
Nil fane fecit quod tu reprendere poffis ;
Non Pyladen ferro violare, aufufve fororem eft
Ele^lram ; tanti!lm maledicit utrique, vocando 140
Hanc Furiam, hunc aliud, juilit quod fplendida bills.
Pauper Oplmlus argenti pofitl intus Sc smri,
Qoi Veientanum feftis potare diebus
Campana folitus trulla, vappiimque profeilis.
Quondam lethargo grand! eft oppreftus; ut heres 145
Jam circi!lm loculos Sc claves Ixtus ovanfque^
Curreret.
foned his Mother, and to another, who had ftran|led his Wife, to
get into Pofleffion of a large Eftate, or a rich Portion. Thus Ava-
rice is regularly conducted through all its Degrees^ until it rife to
Murder and Parricide. ToiiK*
129. Tuo f»os,'] Is a conjedbiral Reading, but nothing more true,
iays Dr. Bentley, ever came from the Tripod of Apollo. It has
been received into the Text by all our beft Editors^ and the Do^r
would lay any Wager, that Horace never \m>te tuoh
131. B(ysd enim f 2 Mr. Dacier here introduces, without any Ne-
ceffity, a third Penon, whom he calls Scaeva^ and. to whom he
gives thefe Words. Stertinius continues to fpeak, and pleafantly
foftens this Murder by faying it was not committed in Argos ^ that
he did not Aed his Mother*8 Blood ; and that what Oreftes dfd in
the Violence of Madnefs, the Mifer hath done in cold, temperate
Folly- This Paflage hath appeared difficult, by not obferving, that
Stertinius here diftinguiihes between Folly and Madnefs, which he
had before confounded ; and that our Poet fpeak s of this Tragedy
as it was played on the Roman Stage, without following the Tradi-
tions of the Greek Theatre. Ocddis is of feven Manufcripts. S ik n •
138. JNfl
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Sat. 3« The Satirbs of Horace. 1S5
Yet arc you found ? 6ut if your Folly raves
With Stones to kill the People or your Slaves ;
Thofe Slaves, whom you with Pdf, how precious I
buy,
A Madman, Madman, even the Children cry.
Is your Head fafe, although You hang your Wife,
Or take by Poifon your old Mother's Life ?
What ! nor in Argos you commit the Deed,
Nor did your Mother by a Dagger bleed ;
Nor by a mad Oreftes was ihe flain-— ~
But was Oreftes of untainted Brain,
Or was he not by Furies dire pofleft.
Before he plungM the Dagger in her Bread ?
Yet from the Time you hold him hurt in Mind,
His wildeft Adions are of harmlefs Kind.
He neither flabs his Siller, nor his Friend i
In a few Curfes his worft Paffions end ;
He calls her Fury, qt whatever Names
Flow from a Breafl, which Choler high enflames.
Opimius, wanting even what he poffett.
In earthen Cups, on fome more folemn Feaft,
QuafF'd the poor Juices of a meagre Vine,
On Week-Days dead and. vapid was his Wine,
When ^th an heavy Lethargy oppreft.
His Heir in Triumph ran from Chell to Chefl ;
Swift
138. Kil fane fecit ^ From the Time, that Oreftcs was thought
mad, all his A£iions rather deferved our Compaflioo, than our In-
dignation. But he was feaTly mad before he killed his Mother,
Vecaufe he was afluated by the moft criminal and violent Paflions,
with which he was haunted as by To many Furies, which made him
tommit the Murder. Such is the State of all Madmen. When
their Madneis hath difcovereditfelf, they are not fo dangerous or
' mifchievous, as when it was concealed, under aa Appearance oC
good SenTe and right Rcafon. San.
147- Cd^
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1^6 Q^HoRATii Flacci: SatWkum I^.
Cuntret. Hunc medktis mtthiliii ceteratqisc iideMs
'ExdtBt hoc paAo ; m^Qaa p^ni jttlH}t» 9$q^^
EffuuU ia^p3. nain/9orom^ 9^Q(A^», p^^Xf^
Ad numerandam ; hominem iic erigit. A<i(i*t: & illud
Ni tua cuflydu> avidu&jsMH j^ aufer^t Jb^t^. i^t
Men' vivo ? Ut viva$ i^^tur, vigjla : hoc a^ge. Quid vkl
Deficient inopem venae te, ni cil>4# a^ue
Jngens accedit ftom^oho fukui^a, rt|^.
Tu ceilas ? Agediun : fiim^ 40iQpti£|iiaijqtii oryeae. jf;
Quanti emtae ? Parvo. Q2«liiti.ergoJ! Oihiifibus. £hea(
Quid refert morbo» ai;! fiirtb pereain^ aniie lapinis I
DAMAdlPPlfS.
Quifham Sgilui? fimtta ?
STE'RTIliruS.
Qat BOR ftttltus.
Damasippus.
Quid avaros?
SriRTliwtus.
Stultos S» ia&xm.
147. Celer dt^Ufi/4tiuJl VniO-hiul aFrieiidilup for kis PkUo^
and an Application, to watch the Turns of his Diforder, which ef-
cape in a Moment, and on which the Succefs of a Medidne de-
pends. Cicero fays of his Pl^yfickn^ /n qua fuum iffrfiimtu, tarn
etiamjidelitatt btnevokntiafue futitfecit.
151. Jam jam aujeret.'] This Correftion is taken from HeinfiM.
fter or hpc it ufeleis to the Senfe or Conftrudtion, and only lefleos
theVivadtyof the A£lion. Cvn. San.
TS4* Iit^f, atcidit,] Fvnetfut, j/iron^^ Dr. Bentley, who uo-
derftands it of a C^antity of Itopd, iinproper for a (ick Man, wouM
hare us read fr^^ns, Mx» Cuningham propofes iifflans^ which 9
received into die Text by Mr. Sanadpn.
15^. TuctfflA] ThiaLJSndingippauainalltiieMaaiiibriptiBd
att £dkisiiftbetf^r» Mwcmm^ v«kh» th«0gh« proper €0 change it foe
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Sat. 3- The Satires qf HomAci. ^j
-Swift to his Aid his &«thful Do/5t<ir flies.
And to reftoJ€ hiai> this E^^podient tries ;
Prom out his Bags he pours the ihining S^qne,
And bids a Croud of People count it o'er ;
Then plac'd the Table near his Patient's Bed,
And loud, as if he roua^M him from the Dead,
«• Awake, and guard your Wealth ; this Moment wake :
•* Your ravening Heir will every Shilling take."
What! while I live? *• Then, wake, th^t you n»y
live J
** Here take the beft Prefcription I can give;
*• Youx bloodlcfs Veins, your Appetite fhajl fail,
** Unlcfs You raife jthem by a powerful Meal.
« Take this Ptifane— " What will it coH ? Nay, hold
«« A very Trifle." Sir, I will be told.
*' Three Pence."— Alas! what does itfignify.
Whether by Dodlors, or by Thieves I die f
Damasippus.
Wk)tkeii0faaMl2^
Whoera-'s Mt a SooL
Damasippvs.
What think you of the Mifer ?
SxEfcTISIUSi
^ my Rule,
Both Fool and Madman.
Daua<^
Ptifanarkim efytta.-] Ths ficft of ^wfe Wor^ k pwfierly a Ptl-
fone made of Bar% j vihm it wm mtdo of M9»oCber Gmw, ^
.^wajffl oataed k, to ftcw the Di^MUce^ Hana mMi» « Kiwi ef
Kice-water, I>t2£ ear Commcatatom iil«a% vateflMui it cf Kwe*
milk, a pieaiaat Remedy for a Mao m a Xdtfthar^. &*:<r^
15^, OaftJfibuK\ Such is tke Readifiydf a!} die Mimi&r»p«s> aM
allMi£ient£dltiQiis. taiftbiiiu& &rft cibaopd k for ««» ^^>««^
26it Ctfr«
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lit (^HoRATii Flacci Sati&arum Lib. 2.
Damasippus.
Quid ? fi quis non iit avanu,
Continod ianas ?
Stertinivs.
Minime.
Damasippus.
Cur» Stoice?
Stertinius.
Dicam. 1 60
Kon eft cardiacus (Craterum dixifTe putato)
. Hie acgcr : rc6lc eft igitur, furgetque ? Negabit :
Quod latus, aut renes morbo tentantur acuto.
Non eft pcrjurus, neque fordidus ; immolct acquis
Hie porcam Laribus : veriim ambitiofus 8c audax ; 1 65
Naviget Anticyram. ';Quid enim differt, balatroni
Dones quidquid habes, an nunquam utare paratis ?
Servius Oppidius Canusi duo pra^dia» dives
Antiquo cenfu, natis diviffe duobus
:. Fertur,
161. CardidCMS,'] U proferly a Perfon of weak Appetite. Plijiy
gtfcribes Wine as the onl^ Remedy for tlus.Diforder4 and Vano
yi his Pbyfician drank Chian Wine for it*
164. Jmm^et ^mit, tec.'} All the good and bad Accidents, that
happened in Families, were generally attributed to the domeftic
Gods, and as thefe Gods were the Sons of' the Goddefs of Madnefs,
they were particularly worshipped by Pcrfons, difordered in their
Underftanding. Stertinius therefore advi£es the Man, who by the
FaTOur of thefe Gods is neither peijured nor a Mifcr, gratefully to -
lacrifice a Swine to them, which was their ufual Sacrifice* Frugg
Jj»es ttvidaque porca, Od. XXIII. Lib. II. ToK,
166. Balatrmii,'] Smce the Time of the Scholiafts this Word
hatli been differently read. The prefent Reading is of two Manu-
icripts, and received by Mr. Cuningham and Sanadon into the
Text. The Latins ufed the Word for homo nibili, nefuam, df
€98^y fcunm. Young Gentkmen of Fortune endeavoured to en«
gage People of thb Kind to' fupport them, when they propofed to '
ftand Candidates for an Employment or Office in the State. Horace
therefore fays, what Difference is there, whether Avarice deprive
you of: the Ufe of your Money, or Ambition iquander it away u^.
OA fuch Wretches \ They who rjsad haratkretu, and underftand 6a^
ratbrum
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Sat. 3. The Satires of Horace. igg.
Damasippus.
, Is he found and well^
If notaMifcr?
Stbrtinivs,
No.
Damasippvs.
I prithee tell>
Good Stoic, why ?
Stertinius.
Let us Aippofe you heard
An able Dodor, who perchance declared
His Patient's Stomach good ; yet ihall he rife.
Or is he well ? Ah ! no, the Dodor cries,
Becaufe a keen Variety of Pains
Attack the Wretch's Side, or vex his Reins.
You are not perjur'd, nor to Gold a Slave ;
Let Heaven your grateful Sacrifice receive.
But if your Breaft with bold Ambition glows.
Set fail where Hellebore abundant grows.
For, prithee, fay, what Difference can you find.
Whether to Scoundrels of the vileft Kind
You throw away your Wealth in lewd Excefs,
Or know not to enjoy what you poiTefs ?
When rich Oppidius, as old Tales relate.
To his two Sons divided his Eftate,
Twa
rathrum for gula^ venter, abdomen^ miftake the Senfe of the Poet,'
Stertinius is not yet addreffing himfelf to Debauchees and Liber-
tines, whom he referves for the two hundred twenty.fourth Line,'
ntme ogeluxuriem, &c. We are obliged to Dr. Bentley for the greater*
Part (J.this Note,
168. Ser-vius Opftidius^'] An attentive Father will remark in the
Paflions of his Children thofe Motives and Springs of their Adtions,
-which are imperceptible to others, and which are capable of lead-
ing them into great Misfortunes, if there be not early Care taken
to determine their Force and regulate their Motion*. We know
nothing more of this >vifc Father, »or •f his Sons, Sak.
174, Ludertt
,y Google
r^O (^HOUATH FL'ACCI SaTIRARtUM Lib. t
Fertar, Sc hoc moiiens paers dhdife vocatis 1 7C
Ad<k£Him: Pdftquam te taj^, Aule, nuc^fque
Fcrrejfinu laxo^ donarc, &*ludere vidi :
Tc, Tiberi, numerare, caris abrcondere triftcm ;
Extimui, ne vos ageret vefania difcprs ;
Ta NomentaDum, tu ne fequerere Cicutam ; 17^
Quarc per Divos oratus uterque Penates, .
Tu cave ne minuas ; tu ne majus facias id.
Quod (atis efie putat pater, & Katura coercet.
Praeterca, ne vos tit^et gloria, jure- ^
Jurando obibingam ambo : uter aedilis fherit^ vd 180
Veftrum pi^tor^ is inte^d>i]is 8c facer efto.
In cicere, atque faba, bona tu perdafque lupinis,
Latus ut in circo fjpatiere, 8c aeneus ut ftes,^
Nudus agris, nudus nunimis, infane, patemis ?
Scilicet ut pIaufus,(quo8 fert Agrippa, ftras tu, 185
Aftuta ingenuum vulpes imitata leonem ?
J^e quis humafle velit Ajacem, Acrida, vetas cur ?
Aga-
171. Ludere,'\ Dr« Beiitiey^ with Jiis ufual Spirit' of nfominf
the Text, would have us read perdere ioftead of iadere, and hath
fupported it with fo much Probability, that Mr, Cuningham ac-
Jtnowledges fome Corre^on netd&xy i but unwilSing to netvrc
that of the DoQor, propofes endere, which is received by Mr* Sa-
nadon. Such violent conje£lural Alterations may do Honour to
their critical Sagacity, but ihould never be received without gteater
Neceflity than appears in the prefent Inftance. Tab' does not here
properly iignify Dice, but Bones with which Children ufed to play,
as fmcet were Balls of Ivory ocillata or round Stones. As this
could not be made intelli^ble to an Engliih Reader, the Tranilator
hath only mentioned Play-things in general.
179. Ne ves titillet glorU.^ The laft eight Lines of thk good
Father^s Difcourfe, as Mr. Sanadon well obferves, is a Sort of
Tranfition to prepare us for the following Charader, in which the
Pcet fhews to what criminal ExcefTes we are carried by Ambition.
iS^. Latut,"] Is generally underftood infiatuu tuwudni^ frpetbtu \
hut Mr* Sanadon thinks it a Participle of the Verb^r«, as in Ovid,
hvc latui & illuc. Perfoas of Dii^indion were frequently carried by
Ifex Slaves vn^ Chair, from thence called hexaphorus*
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wo ancient Fanns, lie*€add*ii them to his Bed,
lA^nd dying thus with faultering Accent ikid ;
In your loofc Robe when I liive fecn you bear
llTour Play-things Aulus» with an heedlefs Air,
Or careleifs give them to your Friends away,
(Or with a Ganiefter*s defperate Spirit play ;
iWhile you, TibeHtts, an3dous count6d o*er
I Your childifh Wealth, and hid the little Store,
|a different Madnefs i<!em'd to bb your Fate^
jjltfifbrs or Spendthrifts born to imitate.
[Then, by our hotifehold Gods, my Sons, I charge.
That you ne'er leffcn, that you ne'er enlarge
'What feems fufficient to yottrtenda: Sire,
! And Nature's moit unbounded Wants require.
That Gloiy ne'er may tempt ye, hear, this Oath,
;By whofe eternal Power I bind ye both,
iCurs'd be the Wrrtch, an'Objea of my Hate,
WhoeVr accepts iti Officfe in the State.
Will you Ml Largeffes cxhauft your Store,
That you may proudly iblk the Circus o'er ?
tOr in^the Capitol embronz'd may Hand,
;!Spoird of your Fortune and paternal Land ?
^ And thus, forfooth, Agrippa's Praife engage,
^Or fhew, with Reynard's Tricks, the Lion's Rage ?
f Wherefore does Ajax thus unburied lie ?
ACA-
?' EtaetUKs tttjtes.j This is a Reading of two ancie)it MaouicHpts,
^ They, who read Mt ^lums iHd Aot obfervv, that the ancient Poets
^ Aever ufed atuut io three Syllables, bat bvn always faid aetuus or
»: ^ 185. TUufut^ ^U9i ftrt Jigrtp^,"] This Compliment to Agrippn
i\k Introduced with great Art, as if' it efcaped accidentally, and it is
ii'%nlivened by a Comparifon, fhort but noble. Although Agrippa
had been Coniul in 717, yet he condcfccnded to accept the Office of
.. i^ik in 710, when he entertained the* People with a Magnii5cence
j and Expence beyond what they had erer feen San.
j 267. Ne^uit kum^cvelie.^ He opens another Scene, in which
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192 Q;,HoRATn Flacci Satirarum lab.
AcAMBMIiOV*
Rex fum.
Stertinius.
Nil ultra qaaero plebeius*
Agam£mnon*
£t sequam
Rem imperito : ac fi cui videor non juflus, inolto
Dicere, quod Cenut, permitta
Stbrtinivs.
Maxime regum^ 190
Di tibi dent capta daffem reducere Troja.
Ergo confulere, & jnox refpondere licebit ?
Agamemnon.
Confule.
Stertinius,
Cur Ajax heros ab Achille fecundus
Putrcfcit, toties fervatis clarus Achivis ;
Gaudeftt ut populus Priami, Priamufque inhumato 195
Per quern tot javenes patrio caruere fepulcro f
Agamemnon.
Mille ovium infanus morti dedit, inclytum Ulyffen
£t Menelaum una mecum fe occidere damans.
Stbr.-
a King and a Stoic are engaged, and in which the Phiiofophcr
proves in good Form, that this greateft of Monarchs is a Fool and
a Madman. The Debate arifes from an Incident in a Play of So-
phocles^ in which Agameipnon refufes to let Ajax be buried. Sa N.
188. Et aquam rem imperito,^ Agamemnon finding his Anfwer,
Iftm a King, a little too tyrannical, add§. Our Decree ^xxasjuft, Per-
^ haps, the Humility of the Philofopher, either ironical, o^ ferious,
in feemingto allow his royal Manner of deciding the Queftion, ex-
torted ^is Condefcenfion from the Monarch.
190. Maxime regum,']: It was but reafonable to treat his Majefty
with a little CompTaifance, to make him fome Satisfa^ion for the
difagreeable Things he was going to fay to him<
197, Injanut,
,y Google
|||t. 3, The Satirss of HoaACS* 193
I AcAMBMtfOtf.
' We are a King*
Stcrtinivs.
A bafis Plebeian S,
Skdl alk no more.
Agamemnon.
*Twas juft what we decreed i.
Bat, if yoQ think it an unrighteous Deed,
In Safety fpeak. We here cor Rights r^ga.
Stertinivs.
Created of Monarchs, nay the Powers divine
A iafc Return permit you to enjoy, -
With your vi^orious Fleet, fix)m ruin*d Troy*—..
But may I aik, and anfwer without Fear ?
ACAMEMNON.
You may.
Stertinius.
Then wherefore rots great Ajax here.
For many a Grecian favM who well might claim
To brave Achilles the next Place in Fame ?
Is it that Prianr, and the Sires of Troy,
May view his Carcafs with malignant Joy,
By whom their Sons fo oft deftroyM in Fight
In theit own Country want the funeral Rite i
Acamemnok.
A thoufand Sheep the Frahtick kiird, andcfy'd,
** Here both Atrides ; there Uly^fes died.'*
STfR-
197. hfsmuJi This Woid atoie j&ftUVM Ajtt, «nd condemns
A^amemnofli. A Man, who revenge himfeif upon the dad Bodf
of a Madman, muft be more mad, than the Pjerfoii was, who iA«
jured him. Sam*
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194^ Qj^HORATlfpLACCI Satiraruii Lib
Stbrtinius.
- Tu quum pro vitula ftatuis dulccm Aulide natam
Ante aras, fpargifque mola caput, improbc, felsa, 200
Return animi fervas ?
Agamemnon.
Quorfum ?
.Stertinius.
. Infanus quid enim Ajax
Fecit ? quum ftravit fcrro pccus : abfUnuit vim
Uxore & nato : mala multa precatus Atridis : .
Non ijle aut Teucrum, aut ipfum violavit Ulyflen.
Agamemnon.
Veruin ego, ut haerentcs adverfo litoj-e oaves ^05
Eriperem, prudens placavi fanguine Divos.
Stertinius.
Nempe tuo^ furiofe.
^**^ Agamemnon.
Meo, fed non furiofus.
Stertinius.
/Qui fpecies alias veri fcelerifque, tumultu
' Fermiilasj capiet, commotus habebitur : atque
Stul-
10s. Ahftinuii vim uxon ^TttstoJ] Sophocles makes him talk to
Iu8 Wife Tecmefia, and his Son l^uryiaces, with much good Senfe
and Tendernefs.
Which Virgil hath imitated^
D'tfce, puer, nnrtutm ex me, vermmfue laborem,
Fortunam ex aliis,
2o8* ^ fpechi mli€s.'\ Much good Learning hath been throws
awav upon ^is Paflage, but the Commentators may be now recoa-
ctled by a fingle Comma between fcelerit and tumultu^ for which
,y Google
Sot. 3« Tub Satires of Horace. 199
Stertinius.
When your own Child you to th« Ahar led,
^nd pour'd the falted Meal upon her Head ;
When you beheld the lovely Vidim flain.
Unnatural Father I were you found of Brain f
Agamemnon.
Why not?
Stertinius.
( Then what did frantick Ajax do.
When in his Rage a thoufand Sheep he flew f
Nor. on his Wife or Son he drew his Sword,
But on your Head his Imprecations pourM : .
Nor on his Brother turn'd the vengeful Steel,
Nor did Ulyifes his Refentmcnt feel.
Agamemnon.
But I, while adverfe Winds tcmpeftuous roar.
To loofe our fated Navy from the Shore
Wifely with Blood the Powers divine atone*——
Stertinius.
What ! your own Blood, you Madman ?
Agamemnon.
Yes, my own ;
But yet not mad,
Stertinius.
'Tis a diforder'd Head,
Which, by the Paflions in Confufion led,
' ^ The
for diverfas, bccaufe the Ideas of Vice and Virtue are different.
rumuJtus means the Diforder of the Paffions, which makes us con-
found thofe Ideas, and miftake Vice and Virtue for each other.
This was exaftly the Situation of Agamemnon. If he did not fa-
crifice his Dau^ter, he was afraid his Refufal would hinder his
Eleaion to command the Army. It would have been Virtue to
have facrificed his Ambition to his paternal Tendernefs, and it was
Vice to lacrificc that paternal Tendernefs to his Ambition. Bat m
K a ***•
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196 Q^HOKATII FlACCI SaTIRAHOM 1A. 2m
Stultittine erret, nihilom diftafaat, aa iri. zio
Ajax, quum imneritos occkHt« defipit, agnos :
C^um prudcM fcelos ob ticulos admittis inancSy
Stas animo } & pimim eft, vipo tibi qoam auniduin dfc
cor?
Si qait le€dci nitidam gedare amct ^nam ;
Hutc veftem, ^t natae, paret anclllasy parec aufun ; Zt$
Popam aut pupillam apptllet, fortique marito
^eUinet uxorem ; interdi£to huic omnc adimat jus
Praetor, & ad fanos abeat ratela propinquos.
Quid ? a qujs natam pro muta dq^vec agni.
Integer eft animi } Ne dixeris. Ergo ubi pnrva 220
Stultitia, kic fumma eft infania : qui fceleratus^
£t furiofus erit C^it quern vitrea fama,
Hunc circumtonuit gaudeiu Bellona cruentis.
Nunc, age, luxuriem Sc Nomentanum arripe mecum :
Vmcet enim ftaltos ratio infanire nepotes. aaj
Hie fimal accepic patrimoni mille talenta,
Edicit, pifcator uti, pomarius* aaceps,
Unguentarius, ac Tufci turba impia yici.
Cum fcurrit f^or, cum^ Velabro omne macellttm, 229
Mane domum veniant. Ouid enim ? Venere frequentes 1
Ve^ba facit leno : Quidquid mihi, quidquid & horum
Cuique
the Tumvit and Diforder of the Paflran^, thit detefttble Grime was
clothed with a fpecious Appearance of public Good, and difgaif^^
tmder the Names of Heroiun and Generoiity.
ftiOf Ira.j Anger is here underflood of any of the Paflions. Sa k.
214, Si auit levied 2 The Stoic gives the Grecian Monarch nQ
Quarter. He hath already ftewn, that his Folly was criminaf, hft
now proves that it was ridictilous. San,
mi6, Ptt^amantftfiliam.] The Commentators have had njucb
Trouble with theie two Words, and the Manufcripts difTer greatly,
Pif4m ami pufillam, fmiam aut putiRam, fupam aut fujltmam, Xm*
fim out RuJiUak, Rufam ««r PoJUlam. The piefent Readiiig ta
taken from the Adaauicnpiof Lambinus, and ftematohave that
Chlldiih«
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Sat. ). TiTB Satiuss of Horacs* 197
The Imiiges of Right ami Wrong miil^kes.
And Rage or Folly no great DiiFerence makes*
Was Ajax ma4» when thofe poor Lambs he flew;
And are yoM" $enfes right, while you purfoe,
Withittch a Crime, an empty Tide's Fam^ ?
Is the Heart paze high-fwelling for a Name ?
Should a Man take a Lambkin m his Chair,
With fondling Names carefs die fpotlefs Fair i
Clothes, Maids and Gold, as for hh Child, provide.
And a flout Hufband for the lovdy Bride,
His civil Rights the Judge would take away.
And to Troitees in Gaardiaafliip convey.
Then fure you will not call him found of Srasa^
By whom his Daughter for a lamh was flaia.
Blood'flainM Bellona thunders round his Hettl,
Who is by gJa/Ty Fame in Triumph led.
Now try the Sons of Luxury, you'll find.
That Reafon proves them Fools of nuuiding kind*
A thoufand Talents yonder Yoath rccdvei,
Paternal Wealth, and ftresght hi» Qrdisis giJre«»
That all the Trades of Elegance and Tafte,
All who with Wit. and. Humour Joy a Feafl^
The impious Croud, tbax £IIs dxe Tuican Street,
And tile whole Shambles at his Hovk (hould mc«t«,
What then f they frequent his C&mmand obey*d.
And ditts his Speech the wily Pander made.
What-
ChiUiiBnieis of Unsaa^e, which It viuaBy ^ohm to ChiUvtab
Uj Bahy, pufa i my little Baiy, pupillam.
9AV ffiuic tireumt$Huit Se/imM.J None Uita Stok dn^ft trrat A
King (o iaaailiarly. The laft CompUment ht makes bim is, th«|
Ambition oath tttrjsed hit Brain The Poet has nu£bd this VttSt
with {(reatcr Pomp of Iinag<t> Expreffion, 'aB4 Cadeace. Sa m»
224. Nmne. «r^ iMxunm^^ Tbe People «f Loxofy aew afpear
at the Baf to be conTi^ted of Madnefs.
K 3 »34« «»
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19S (^HoRATii Flacci Satirakum Lib. 2.
Cuiqae domi eft, id credc tuoin ; & vel none pete, vd
eras.
Accipe, quid contra juvenis refponderit aequos :
Tu nive. Lucani dormis oqjgtus, at aprum
Ccrnem ego : tu pifces hyberno ex aequore verris : 23^
Segnis ego, indignus qui tantum poflideam. Aufer^
Sume tibi decies ; tibi tantumdem ; tibi triplex^ '^
Unde uxor media currit de node vocata.
Filius ^fopi detradam ex aure Metellae
(Scilicet ut tLecies folidum exforberet) aceto 240
Diluit infignem baccam : qui ianior^ ac fi
Illud idem in rapidum flumen, jaceretve cl^icam ?
Quinti progenies Am, par nobile fratrum,
Nequitjsj&^nugis, pravorum Sc amore gemellam,
Lufcinias foliti imjjenfo prandere coemtas : 245
Quorfum abeant ? fanin* ? creta an carbone notandi ?
.£diiicare cafas, plqlkllo adjungere mures,
Ludere par impar, equitare in arundine longa.
Si quern deledet barbatum ; amentia veiifet.
Si puerilius his ratio efle evincet amare ; 250
Ncc
«34. 9jir «?«?.*] It IS thus quoted hj Johnfon in his Notes on
Grotius, -and has been received by our beft modern Editors. In muft
be underftood, and tu is neceflary to diftinguUh the Perfons, to whom
our Prodigal fpeaks.
237. Decies '\ Cetttena wuffia feflertium^ about fcven hundred
ejghty-one Pounds five ShiUings oi our Monejr. The Tranflator
Vfe9*nve hundred Pounds as a general Sum, which is, probably, all
that the Original means.
238. Unde uxor,"] The old Commentator tells. us, that theie
Merchants pretended they were married to their Slaves, that they
might fell them at an higher Price.
' ^4.3. Quinti fr9geiiies jirrt,"] We may believe they were the So^
tf Arrins, mentioned in the eighty-fiith Verfe. Their Luxurr
•^pras eating Nightingales, probably, becaui^ they could fing, as if
the Mufic of the Bird made the Tafte more delicious ; and as Mr.
pacier obferves, they eat them at Dinner, agaifiil all ibbes Cuftoms
of the Romans. 246. CrtiS
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Sat. 3» . The Sat-iiies op Horace. 199
Whatever thefe People have : whatever is mine ;
To-day, to-morrow fend, be fare is thine. .
Hear the juft Youth this generous Anfwer make,
•* In dumfy Boots, dear Hunter, for my fake,
** You fleep in wild Lucania^s fnowy Wafte,
•' That I at Night on a whole Boar may feaft.
«* For Fiih you boldly fweep the wintry Seas,
•• That I, unworthy, may enjoy my Eafe.
*' Let each five hundred Founds, with PleaAire, Jtake,
•* To thee, dear Pander, I a Prefent make
'* Of twice a thoufand, that with all her Charms
*• Your Wife at Night may r4in into my Arms."
An AAor's Son diffolv'd a weakhy Pearl
(The precious Ear-ring of his favourite Girl)
In Vinegar, and thus luxurious quaff 'd
A thoufand folid Talents at a Draught.
Had he not equally his Wifdom fhown.
Into the Sink or River were it thrown?
A noble Pair of Brothers, Twins, in Truth,.
In all tV Exceffes, Trifles, Crimes of Youth,
On Nightingales of^ monftrous Purchafe *din'd ;
What is their Procefs ? Are they found of Mind?
. Suppofe, in childifh Architedlure ikilPd,
' A bearded Sage his Caftle-Cottage build.
Play odd and even, ride his ceedy Cane,
And yoke his hamefs'd Mice,^ *tis Madnefs plain.
Bat what if Reafon, powerful Reafon, prove
'Tis more than equal Childiihnefs to love ?
If
ft4.(* Cnti an earbctu notandL"] Are tUy t^ Bt marked with
Cbaik, er Charcoal f A proverbial Expreffion. Are they to b«
icquitted, or condemned ? Are they wife, or fooliih ?
• 147. JBdifieare eafas.] The Paflion of Lore is here rcprefented
both u Folly and Madnefs* In the firft 3tite. it divtrtt us with the
., . K4 RidS-
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^o Q;^HoitA^il Flacci Sati&aIlvm Jibuti
Nee quidqimin diflbne, tttnumie in pillver^ ^F^
Quale priiLs, ludas opvs, an meretrkis amofe ^
Sollcitus plof es : qosro, facsafiie, quid olim
Mutatus Polemo ? popas mfignia morbi,
(Fafciolas, cubicd, focaha Upptas ut iUe ^ Yjj
jDicitur ex colio furtim carpfiffe coronas,
Fofl'qaam eH impranfi correptus voce magiftci.
P<Mmgi8 irato puero quum poma* xecu&t :
Sumcy Catelle ; negat : fi non des, optft. AmatXHr
Exclufus qai diftat ? agit ubi feciini^ eat, an qoQj 260
Qao redituras erat npn arceffitusi & heret
Inirifis £oriba3 : Ne nunc, quam me vocat uhio^
Accedam ? an potius xnediter finire labores ?
Excluiit, levocat, redeam f non, fi ol^rct. Ecce
Servos non paulii fapleutior : O here, qp^ r^ 26^
Nee modum habet neque <fpniiiiuin» rationp inpdoq^e
/ Tra^ari non vuU* In amor^ kapc funt mala ; bdltfai»
I Fax rurfum. Ifsec fi quis, tempeftati3 prope rita
1/ Mobilia» k carta fluitanti^ ferte kt»or^t
4 Reddeif
Sidtculovfueit, which alwsqrt attends it; iQtheicCQ04, itiaf^
M witH Honour, by the 4rctd{Vil Bflfeds it produces. Sax.
' 254. f'efemo^ Pofeifid was a ^otukg Atbcfliaii, who, mmiifig one
Xhy throvgh the Stescft, kJUmed with Wine, hadthe Carioficjr to
|o into the School of Xenocrates to hear him. The PhilofiuMifr
deatroofly tomed his IKfcouiie upon Sdbriety^ and' fpoke wiui fi)
much Force, that Poleaoo from that Moment wnoonoed his lotsii*
perance^ and purfued hit Studies with iuch AppUcajtion, as to Aic-
ceed Xenocrates in his School- Thus, as Viueriiss Maximns ie«
narks, being cused by the wholeibme M«dickie of oat Ora^, bs
became a celebrated PhiloTcf her, from an infamous Prodigal.
»55. Fakhtas^ cubital, focalia.] The Difficulty of this Paflage
«onfifts in knowing whether thefe Words mean the Drefs of a Lo-
ver or a fick Man j and although the Translator hath choien the
Aril Senfe, yet he dares not be pofitive, that he hath made the 6eft
Choice. If we underfland the Paffage as applied to a fick Perfon,
our Poet mu^ then argue in this Manner j n^» a Patient recovtrt
$it titmkhp k^ ttr«wi off tka Clothet bt wat obiigeA t9 vtear in hit
Dijtrdcr^ WiUym tk $k$ /am f mU ym ptit ikt Ma^s %fym
,y Google
&UL )». Tits S^ATtRSS OP MoRACB. 901
If there^s no Differencr, whether in the Duft
You fport your Infant Works, or high in Lttft,
An Harlot's JCrueky with Tears deplore.
Will you, like moch-chang'd Polenioh of yore.
Throw off the Eniigns of the dear JJifeafe,
The Arts of Drefs, and Earneftnefs to picafe t
For the giy Youth, diough high with Liqaor wann'd.
Was by the fober Sage^t Dodifine charmM f
Chaftis'd he iiften'd to th* inftruftivc Lore,
And ftora his Head the breathing Garland tore.
A peevifli Boy fhal! proffer*d Fruit defpife ;
** Take it, dear Puppy.'* No, and yet he dies
If yoa refufe it. Does not this difcover
The toward Soul of a difcarded Lover, ^ >
Thus reafoning with himfelf ? What ! when thus flSghttd
Shall I return, return thi>agb nniilvited ?
Ye$i 'he &ali fiure return and lingering wait
At the proud Doors he now prefumes to hate»
^ Shall I not go if fiie fubmiffive fend,
'< Or here refolv«, my Injuries (hall end ?
/' Expeird, recaird, ihaU I go back again?
•♦ No i let her kneel ; for ihe ihall kneel in vain*,'*
When lo ? his wily Servant well reply'd.
Think not by Rde and Reafon, Sir, to guide
What he'ier by Reafon or by MeaAire move.
For Pe9ce and War fucoeed by Tuntt in. hem.
And w^le tempeftnom tfaefs Emotions roll^,
Afiifloat withr Uioi DifiMvkr in the Sooi,
Diflemftr ; yourfioHfi Pafim 9/ Levi f S«f h m the kwdorjktmim,
viihs and arais, ui.the.twentx-fixth Ode ef the thiid Bofje.
260. jiji^t uii fe^mu,'] This whflfe P«ffi^eii an ia^talia» tC a
$cc«e 19 the B»inach of T£ien{%*
tAu AtKffltuu\ 4^tmffuf WW io<wiqwBd ! >y th» QxaaMK*
H^ losg aner the Times of pure Latinity, San»
K 5 »76. 4"^
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202 Q. HoRATXi Flacci Satirarvm Lib. t*
Reddere certa fibi, nihilo plus explicct, ac fi 270
Infanire paret certa ratione modoqne.4J
Quid ? quum Pjcenis excerpens femin^^mis,
Gaudes, fi cameram percufti forte, penes te es ?
Quid ? quum balba feris annofo verba palato,
'.^Bdiiicante cafas qui ifanior ? Adde cruorem 27^
StultitiaBy at<jue ignem gladio fcrutare. Modo^ inquaitii
Hellade per^fsa, Maritis quum prsecipitat fe,
Cerritus fuit j an commotse crimine mentis
Abfolves. hominem, & fceleris damnabis eundem,
£x more imponens cogoata. vocabula rebus ? 280
Libertinus erat, qui circum compita ficcus
Lautis mane fenex manibus currebat^ & : Unum
(Quid tarn magnum ? addens) unum me furpite morti,
Dk etenim fadle eft, orabat ; fanus utrifque
Auribus atque oculis : mentem» nifi litigiofusy 285
Exciperet dprninus, quum venderet. Hoc quoque vulgas
Cbryfippus ponit feconda in gente Meneni. -
Jupiter,
276. Igriem glaSo ferutan.'] A proverbial Precept of Pythagoras,
do not ftir tbt fire with a Sword, Our Poet ufcs It as an eafy
Tranlition from the Folly to the Madncfs of Lovers. We Ml
have another Proverb in the fame Senfe^ oteum adde eamino,
C«uqj San,
278. Cerritus.'] ji Ctrere pereuffut, fymphatrCMi, fanatint, wha .
ftiscied he had feen Ceres^ and that the Goddefshad turned his Biaia.
Tojii,
280. C^nata 'owahuh,'] Every wicked Man is a Fool^ for Vice
and Folly are fynonymous Terms. But Mankind endeavour to di-
vide thefc Ideas, thus nearly related, by giving to each of them, at
particular tiijies, a different Name. As, when they would find
Warius guilty of Murder, they would acquit hJm of Madnefs. But
Horace condemns him of both, fince, in his PhUofophy, Murder
ind MadneA are the ftme.
%%u Libertinus erat.l There is not a Word here, that does net
aggravate the Folly of this Superftitioh. He was old fenex and
ihould have better known what Prayer to make z fecus, his FoITy
WM not aa Mta ©f Wioe, hi$ti$ man»w9, h« waibed his Hands
•witfc
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Sat. 3. The Satires op Horace. 203
*Wlio ilriyes to 6x them by one certain Rule,
May by right Rule and Reafon play the Fool.
When horn the Roof the darted Pippins bound.
Does the glad Omen prove your Senfes found ?
With aged Tongue you breathe the lifping Phraies-*
Is he more mad, who that Child*Cottage raifes }
Then add the Murders of this fond Defire,
And with the Sword provoke the inaddii^ Fire.
When jealous Marius late his Millrefs flew.
And from a Pi^ecipice himfelf he threw.
Was he not mad, or can you by your Rule
Condenm the Murderer, and abfolve the Fool ?
But though in civil Phrafe you change the Name,
Madman and Fool for ever are the fame.
With Hands clean wafli'd, a fober, ancient Wight
Ran praying through the Streets at early Light,
" Snatch me from Death ; grant mie done to live ;
•* No mighty Boon ,• with Eafe the Gods can give.",
.^und Wj^e his Senfes, yet if he were fold.
His Mafler fure this Weaknefs muft have told.
And if not fond a Law-fuit to maintain,
Muft have confefs'd the Slave unfound of Brain.
This Croud is by the Dodrine of our Schools
Enroll'd in the large Family of Fools.
Her
With Temper, and a real Spirit ofReligioii; for wafhing was, by
the Heathens, efteemed a Ceremony of much Purity. He makes
this extravagant Petition, only becaufe the Gods a^e able to grant
It J not that it is in itfelf jull and reafonable. Dac^
287* Fecunda in gate Minmi.J One would imagine by thefe
IWords that Folly was hereditary in the Family of Menenius. It
was' a very ancient Name, and Menenius Agrippa is known in the
.carlleft Times of the Republic, by appeafing a Sedition with a Fable
of the Limbs declaring War againft the Stomach.
K 6 ' iS8. yyfifif,
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f04 Qj^fiAftATlI FtACCl SATIRAftVM Lib. J.
Jupiter, ittgentes qui dafqne adixniiqiie dolores.
Mater ait pueri menfes jam quinqae cubantis,
Frigi<la fi puerum qimrtana rdiqueric, illo ^qor
Mane dic» quo ta indicis jejttnia, audus
In Tibcri ftabk. Cafes medicufve levark
iEgrom ex pnecipid i i&atcr deiira necabit
In gelida finim ripa, fcbrimque reducet.
Qgone malo mentem coocufla? cinwr^ Ooonun. 9^
Damasippus.
Haec mihi Stertiniiis, iapicatdm odtavus, «»jc»
Anna dedit : poftjbac nc compelkrer iiiukvs,
Dixerit infannm qai me, tockiem aodiet ; afeque
Refpieere ignoto diTcet pendentia tergo.
HbRATlUS.
Stoice, poft damntim fie vendas omnia plaris ; 300
Quam me ftultitiam (quoniam non eft genas unam)
Jnfanire
ftS8. Jvpittvy hgtntes,'] Another frightful loftance of Superftt-
tton. A Mother begs of Japiter- to core her Son, at the £««
time maket a Vow. to kill hiia. D a c«
29T. Die, fuo tu imdidt Jfjuma,^ The Rofoaas had legnlar Fails
In Honour of Jupiter. They were ufually celebrated on Thurfday,
whi£h was confecrated to that God. They began en <he Eve; and
the next Morning, which was properly the F^-day, was obferved
with great Rigour and Aufterity. Ariftophanes, in his Clouds, in^'
troduces the Chorus complaining^ that they had a Faft^ rather tha«
* Feaft ; and in another of- his Plays, he mentions a Faft, which
was obferved on the third Day of the Fellival of Ceres. Dac, S a Nt
*93* ^^ P^^^f*fi'\ ^f- Saoadon does not nnd<?ibnd.thts of f
dangerous Diftemper, for that the Fear8.and Vows of the Mother
inuft fuppofe, but fx pr^cipiti ferfi^to, as <x ffn'^t, for facii.
The Quicknefs of the Cure makes a Kind of Miracle, which un«
pofes on her Underftanding.
' t95. Ttmcri Dtorum,'] What Stcrtimus here fays of the Fear,
may as juftlv be faid of the Love of the Cods, Which i» eqnafly ca-
pable of ml^iding us, when it exceeds its proper Bounds.
2^6. H^e mihi Stertintut,'] Damafippus is wife enough to know
hts own Folly, but does not feem touched with the Truths, which
Stertinius taught him. He values them only as Arms ofieniSve and
f defenfivei
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Sit. i* TlTB SuTlltES OF HoRACI. 20$
Her Child bcsieath s Quartan Fever lies
For full five Months, whoi the fond Mother cries,
** Sickaefs and H«akh are thine* all powerful jove,
** Then from my Son this dire Diieafe remove,
** And when your Priefts thy iblemn Fail prodaim,
" Naked the Boy Ihall ftand inTyber's Stream."
Should Chfltice, or the Phyfician^s Art up-raife
Her In^t from this defperate Diieafe,
The frantic Pame fliall plunge her haplefs Boy,
Bring b*£k the Fever, and the Child deflroy.
Tell me, what Horrors thus have taraM her Head I
Of the goed Gods a fuperftitious Dread.
Damasippus.
Thefe Arms Stertintus gave me, oar eighth Sage, '
That none anpunifh'd may provoke my Rage i
Who calk me mad, ihall hear himfdf a Foo),
And know he trails his Mark of Ridicule.
Horace*
Great Stoic, fo may better Barguns raifc
Your ruinM Fortune, tell me, if you pleafe.
Since Fpllies are thus various in their Kind,
To what dear Madnefi am I moft in^lin'd.
F«f
defenfive ; to {uard himfelf ^»A tlirow back ^e Fool oo %k(i, w!i«
attacks luffl. Dac,
«99. ReJ^ietrg ign^oj] Th\^ PaflagT nsy be cxflajaed hj thj^
fifty third Line, cauaam tergp, or by the Fable, which fays, tba^t
Jvpiter threw omir the Shoulder df every Mortil two Bogs ^ «bat
the Faults ef htt Neighbour were put ioco the Bag befofc him, aai
his own iato tha^ behiod hm.
300. Stmte, pefi damnum.J The Poet wifhcs, liiat Danftfjto^s
may fell every tning hereafter for more than it is worth : a Wa|,
«hat iilfalte the homfl Wiiilom of a Pbilofopher- Th«f, m covert
Tenns, he adviies him to return to his Merchaadift, and Qrvubk
Ilia Head no more aboot Philosophy. Damafippus wnderftaads tht
Kidicuk, and is very iaffiaeatl]^ w^ with Mt tpo aanch Deli*
cacy, Kvcnfed, Sah,
joi. Nmm
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wo6 Qs^HoRATit Flacci Satihakvu La>. ^
Infanire patas ? ego nam videor mihi fimns.
Damasippvs.
Quid? caput abfeiiTam nuuiibus qaam portat Agare
Nad infdicisy fibi turn furiofa vkktur? ""*"
HORATIVS.
Stukum mc fateor (liceat concedere veris) 305
Atqae etiam idanom : tant^ hoc edifler^ qao me
iBgrotaic pates animi vitio.
Damasippus.
Accipe: primqm
.Adificas { hoc eft» longos imitaris, ab imo
.Ad fummum totos moduli bipedalis ; 8c idem
^Corpore majorem rides Tusbonis in armis ^10
Spiritum k inceiTum : qui ridiculus minus illo ?
An quodcunque facit Msecenas, te quoque vefum eft,
Tantikm diflimilemy & tanto certare minorem ?
Abfentis ranae.pullis vituli pede preflis,
Unus ubi efFugifjT matri denarrat, ut ingens ^ 31 5
Bellua cognatos elifent. Ula rogare,
Quan-
30t. Nam' nfideor mibi fimMi.l The Eyes of the Mind are likt
thole of the Body ; they neither of them can throw their Rays in-
ward upon themielves. that they may fee themfelves. There is a
Paflage in Plato upon this SabjeA, which Mr- Dacier calls truly di-
fTine. At tbt Byt cannot fit^ itjelf, except in fme outward 06jeff,
Pirfiff/f like itfeffffucb a* another Eye ^ the [anu may U faid rftbg
tmman Mind, It muft tbron itt Ra^t vpon fame outward Otjeffp
\ which moft refemhUt itfif/, and this OhjeS can he no other than God.
303. Aianihni funm portai jigave,"] Manihus is of fufficieat Au-
thority, and adds a greater Horror to the Fa£t ; whereas demens is
aot only perfe£Uy ufelefs, but lies with Weight upon the Sentence*
Agare, in a Tranfport of Bacchanalian Fury^ tore h:rSonPen.
theus in Pieces, Cr u <l* Be m T,
305. Stultum me fateor."] Horace owns hioifelf a Fool^ and thea
plttiantly afks, what his Follies are \ but he will foon have Reafon
to repent of having made foch a Conceifion. Dac. Sa n«
308. Jjuigoi imitarit.'] Ltngnt^ in Oppofition to moduB hipedaht^
muft fi£iu.^ UU^ bat as the Stoics were too grave a Race to be good
Jokers,
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Sat. 3- The Satires of Horace/ 207
For I, methinks, my Reafon will maintain ■
Damasxppus.
What ! did Agave then fufpeft her Brain,
"When by a Bacchanalian Frenzy led
In her own Hand Ihe carried her Son's Head ?
Horace.
Since we muft yield to Truth, 'tis here con^,
I am a Fool ; with MadneTs too poflfeft.
But fince my Mind's diftemper'd, if you pleafe,
What feems the proper Kind of my Difeafe?
Damasippus.
, Firft that you build, and fcarce of two foot Height^
Mimic the mighty Stature of the Great.
While you, forfooth, a Dwarf in Arms deride.
His haughty Spirit and gigantic Stride,
Yet are you lefs ridiculous, who dare,
Meer Mimic, with Maecenas to compare ?
Perchance, a Mother-Frog had ftroll'd abroad^
When a fell Ox upon her young ones trod ;
Yet one alone efcap'd, who* thtas expreft
The doleful News " Ah me! a monftrous Bcaft
"My
Jokers, there is a poor Quibble In the Word, by which Dama^pput
means great as well as /«//. And bt tbat^ bat tbegood Fortune ti ta
horn fix^Foot btgb, was born to he a great Man, Our Poet was
happy enough 'to be . able to laugh at his own diminutire Statuiv
which was probably a Jeft among his Acquaintance. '
in. An fuodcnnque facit,} The Conibuaion may have fome
Difficulty. An verum & par eft tefaeere fuodeunfue Masunat fa^
citf te, inquam^ tantitm ei dtjimilem, & tanti minerem certare eum
iffo. There is a Grecifm m thefe laft Words 5 tantl minor certare for
tarn impar eertamini • a Manner of fpeaking very frequent in. our
Author, as bidere doctor, fpernere firtior, B« N t, Sa w.
313. Tant^m diffimilem,] This Reading is of two excellent Ma*
nufcripts, and tanto diffimiUm is not even Latin* 7tmtitm here fig-
Hifies tarn, as in «^ ttmtHmymrh, fuantmnftu^ofa culime,
Cxvo^ BiHT. CuN. San.
317* ^««-
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•o8 Q;, IIoEATfi Pf.ACci Sathiarum lib. i.
Qu^iuaoie ? muu xxnAm, {uMslbs io» m9^A i^ ? Turn
Major dimidio: num tantumi Quuni magis atque
Se magis inHaret: ^lon, ii te ruperisy inquit«
Par eris. Hsc a te non imikiun ablud^t inugo* 340
Adde poexnata nunc ; hoc c&, olcam adsie camino 1
Quae fi quis fanus fecit, fauus &icis & tu*
Non dkx) hgrrend^afn rabienu
Majprem cenfa.
HoAAviirs.
Jam define.
Sama»up?vs«
Caltuin
Ho RAT I vs.
Tcneas, Damafippe, tais te
Damasippvs.
Mille pucllarum, pueroram mille furores. 32J
HORATIUS.
O major tandem parcas tnfane minori.
Sat.
917. S^uantantt mniiffudM.] Ow CooimcatitMPS tbiak they
imdtrftaad thh Paflage, and tbe bcftof them do not coodcfcend to
take notice of it, although, perhaps, there is not another in Horace
more fenfibly defe^ve. Almoft all our Editions read,
Shantane f Num tandem p inflan% Jic m^afiijfitf
Mtiir diimdioi »mttm$of-
Pirfty tandem, atiet^tb^ cannot agree with the Mt Wbrta, thenkm
J^M-ph^rion reads f0ffn^«, which is confirmed by feveral 'viaxiufijipts^
Beeondiy , tike Corredion^ however neceflary, does not make the Seiv*
tence more intelhgrhle A Grammarian mall; blu(h at fuch a Con-
Jh oft i w r, z%tt»mmlk magna. The Manufcripts of Cru^uius aii4
many othen have ^fiam fi, and Dr. Bentley afTures us, infau h
aot in any of hia Copies. Biit fiffi^rt for <»/•'#, and t.ndhnta
tam is good Latinv Thifdly, fnijk, the heft afeertained Word if
ikm Fai&gc, it not Qadi^«ttd. Afier fuanrane, the Conftruaioil
require nnm fiit, not nnm /ntfit. The Correc?rion tnm fuppoitl
t^ Dialogue, and the iawe Roiim for /munr in the iirft Line, will
lltfiiftiin tti^the kemi, tkatit appears in ^e feme Mabuicrij^.
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tht. $. Tkb Sati rss 99 VLo%ACEs say
^< My Brothers hath deftroyU** How large? (he cries*
Aad fwelling forth— —was this die Moofter's Size!
Then larger grows ^What f b he larger ftill f
When more and more ftie ftrives her Balk to fill i
** Hay, thoagh you baril> you ne'er (ball be fo great.**
No idle Image, Horace, of thy State.
Your Verfes too ; that Oil, which feeds the Flame i
If ever Bard was wife, be thine the Name.
That honrid Rage of Temper— «-
HoRAei.
Yet have done ^
DAiTASirrus.
That ¥a(l Expence— —
Horace.
Good Stoic« mind yottr own.
Damasippvs.
Thoie thoufand furious Paifions for the Fair—- «-
HORACB.
TtuMi mightier fooU inifi^rior Idepts ffdx^
Sta9»
VVdM l|a|lifaii(ba ffmtPtrplw^iitdisSaiifc miliUIXBctkf
^ Hkm whfle SenteoM U muck iocicafad by tht jwuitf FiogU aot Sp*
Bering to in Mother, until it hatb rcen b^r laft Efibrti eierted in
y^. This Noti is taken from fomc Corrc^Mii of Mr. SaniKlo%
Ivteadcd ht n Toccad EditiotL^f his Tranibtioa*
)tr. y^<<(/« fitmataA TKe Stoics, in tbeir P«d«atry«f WiiBoo^
^(tpdcmaed sU Kinds of^^oetrjr, but tbero is » pirticular Ridtcult ii)
inaking Damafippus blame our Poet forwritin|, wbcA h« be|^ tb^
Satioe witb reproaching him lor not writing. I>a c#
326. major, tandem partasA Tbe Poet begins this line, as if
hf. defigped to Goq^liment Pamafippvs with a SnpenQrity of WiT-
d^ni, but he foon undeceives his impertiQient Moralill, and breaks
ojf the Dialogue with returning him the Title of Madman. If thia
RemarkisaotalatUetoorcfinedf we axe obliged to Mr. Dacier for it.
llhia
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ai© C2^Ho&ATii Placci SATi&ikkvM Lib, 1.
■■■••■ - ■ ■ >
Sat. IV.
HORATIUS, CaTIUS.
^ HoRATIUS.
UN D E, & quo Catius ?
Catius.
r Non eft mihi tempos avend
Ponere figna novis pnecepds ; qualia vincant
Pythagoran, Anytlque reum, dodumqae Platpna.
HORATIUS.
Peccatum fateor, quum te fie tempore laevo
Interpellarim : fed des veniam bonaa, oro* $
Qaod
^hln Satire is fufficiently fingular;, Both for the Subje^^ aad ths
Manner in which it is treated. An A€toT appears.'^upoa the Sceaty
4rho b a perfeA Original. , He pretends to be an able PhiloTopher
and an excellent Cook, but we find him as ignorant in the Sdence of
t]|e ^itchen> as in Phllofophy. Our Poet treats him with mach
1ktfye&, and f>egs he may be recaved, as a IKfciple, into a School
of fuch fiiperior Wifdomy as hath at laft found, that the fopreme
Happinefs of Mankind confifts in good eating. It would have been
ridiculous, gravely to refute a Doiftrinc of this extraordinary Kipi,
and therefore the Poet pleafantly takrt his Leave of the Dodor, in
&iemn Admiration of his profound Wifdom. Saii
• Verf. I* Or/iars.l AU the learned Enquiries of Our Commentatan
only convince us, that it is impofSible to know who Catius was. Nor
are there any Marks in the Satire itfelf, by which we may fix tin
Date of it.
. Non tft mhi tenftnA His firft Words are in a Style of Importance,
and his Phllofophy hath taken fuch Pofleflion of him, that he hath
not Time for the common Forms of faluting a Friend. San*
. a. P9iure J!gna mavis prsec^tA Neva pitacepta in amm tw*
fgnan^ U imf^efi w my Mtmory Jam admira^k Pneepti^ which 1
b§vt
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^at.4- ^Tmb Sa^iris o? HoRAcit. an
Sat. IV.
Horace. Catius.
Horace.
WHENCE comes my Cktius? Whither in fuch
. Hafte?
Catius*
I have nd Time in idle Prate to wafte.
i mult awa/ to treafure in my Mind
A Set of Precepts, noveLand refm'd;
Such as Pythagoras could never reach^
Nor Socrates, nor fcienc^d Plato teach.
Horace.
I afk your Pardon,, and confefs my Crime,
To interrupt you at fo crofs a Time.
But yet, if aught efcap'd through flrange Ncgleft,
YoR iball with Eafe the Wifdom re^oilea^ *
; ^ Wheth*
iavBJtffi now Btard, Much good Learning hath keen employed t»
Knder this Exprei&on obfcure, which is in iti«lf dear and open.
Sam*
; Novit pneiepthJ] This Philofopher^ fo bufy, as hot to be abla^to
flop a Momehty is however impatient to difplay hit Do^ine, and
makes the firft . Advaficcs to raife our Poet*s Curiofity. Pracfptm
are Principles of Condad^, theie Principlet are j oft now difeovered^
nova ; they are above all the Precepts of other Philofophcrs, ftiniis
'vincant Pytbagoran^ and they require a Penetration of Spirit, to un-
derftand them, which few People polTefs, re» temts tenuiftrnune
fcraffat, SaiV.
jitytifue rnMf.j Socntes, whom. Anytus moA Melitua ac-
Ctt&i
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I
*ZtS Q;^ HoAiTTIf f LACCf SATt«A&Vil LSh 24
Qood fi interddent tibi nunc aliqnid* repetes mox ;
€i¥« «ft hauups hoe, five aiti»^ minis utro(|u«.
Catius.
Quin id erat carae, qpo pa£lo cuntU tenerem ;
Uqjpte res tenues, tenui fennone peja£las,
HORA'TK7«.
Ede homim's nomen i fimol Se Romanas, an hoipes. i6
Cat rot.
Ip& nemor prgecepta canam : cetabitaraqAon
Longa qoibus facies ovis erit, ilia n^^meoito,
lit fucci melioris, & ut magis aha rotundis,
Fonere ; naxnque nuHPom cohibent caHo&r v«teB«s.
Caule faburbano, qui ficcis arevk in agrii^ 15
Dalcior : irrigao nUiil eft rfgj^iis borUK
Si vefpertinus fubkd tr oppe(&mt bolj^^
Ne gaUina malnm vt^aafti dinrm pdaeo^
I)odu8 eris vivam mufto mexfai^e Falerno :
Hoc tcnetim fadet^ V^P^i^tptfibus optima ftingb ao
^ Natnm
IS. Imm fvihr^/MKn .'J CtttiM preftrrcrat loft Ibne Oirteiii
Mtyninir BIS Precepts, for we Aould not wrong him of the odf
|Do4 TMng he has taken from Hhilofo. hy He begins with the
lt§t Courfe of the Roman Tables ; h^ piQcee^ n^t t» theFni^
wHich was cuMf the Icoond Table, and endi with Ibme jroeralXcr
tfexiona upon NeataeTs and llegance. But he opens with a Preoef^
wliich is coDtradiAed by Experience, The round are'male £gj|»
nd their SheU is harder, than that of the lopg. However, tl^
Decifion of this new Lcgiflator hadlk impoft* npon Qblimiella, Plfnf*
and adaer grest Authon, who look npoa dwft Words of Cativsai
tile seal Opinion cfHaraoe. San.
Onr Dodlor opens his X^tBtnte with much Solemnity^ which ths
Tranflator hath cndeaYouicd to prefenre by a more niuneroas PMBf
iff Rurlefqne
13. Mtfrit alta rotun^h:'] Aka for nutrita^ from the Verb ^»
Horace hath oft| tfftiW itt Uic Amt Scale lA his Odes. MtiptMlU
Is lidicuIoM* Ctf N. Sak.
15, Casir
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ppr. 4- 7hb SaTiieis Of HaftACB. 213
Mrhether ywi boat, ftom Natme or fiom Art,
iThis wonderoa» Gift 0f holdiiig Tilings by Heart.
Cativs.
I meant to fbre thofli VMal in my Hatd,
Tile Matter nke^ and wtougbt of iiifatk Tiwead.
Horace.
But prithee, Cttitf^ whftft*s 3FOBI- Sage's Naaie :
Is he a Roman, or of foreign Fame ?
C^tit/s.
His Precepts t fliall willingly reveal.
And fing his Do^nes, but his Name conced^.
JLong be your Sggs, far fwecter than the rounds
Cock-Eggs they are, more nouriihing and found.
In thirfty Fields a richer Colewort grows.
Than where the watry Garden oversows.
If by an'evenmg Gueft perchance furpris*d.
Left the tough Hen (I prithee be advisM)
Should quarrel with his Teeth, let her be drown'd
In Lees of Wine, and fiie'll be tender found;
«cft
15. C«r/# /W^fAn*.] Aiiodier fa^b Princijrk. Gneftt and
Roots of a natural Soil have always more Salts, and confcquently
m higher Rcliih; on the conitf^, tfaofe which are nufed by Fores
cfwate6si% ase oibaUy fiat and iBfijMd. But Catfu^ heighttna tM
^^rfurdity, by the Reafon he gives for his Opinion, trrigu»mkil^
thtius harti?, which is direaiy contrary to Matter of Faft. Pliiy
il i^gaiadeccivea in following our Philofopher. To a a . S an^
19. Muflo mtrfgre Faierno.] The Charaaer of Catra»»pef<eaiy
Wdl fopportcd. This Precept is tree, but his Expreflion is faulty.
To make a Fowl tender, it Was fuflbcated in Wine j hot fUerfarr,
which iignifia only to dip into fFater, is not full to his Meaning,
M9f» fot mi/h^ is a Corre^on received by four of our late Editors.
ao. Pratenfibiu efeima fittigi$. Nothing is more falfe. The bel^
Muihrooms, generally fpeaking, are thofc gathered in Woodi,
Heaths, or Downi* Thqr are motC wholcfomc, and better fla-
Tooicd than thofe 6f Mtadows* Tor a. Da c«
•g.i^
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214. C^HoRATii FLAeei Satiharvm Lib. tJ
Natura eft ; aliis male creditar. Ilie &lubres
J^ftates peraget, qni nigris prandia moris
Finiet, ante gravem qua^ l^erU arbore folein.
Aufidius forti mifcebat mdla Fticno,
MendolB ; qaoniam vacnls committere yerns t$
Nil nifi lene decet. Leni prascordia mulfo
Prolueris meliiis. Si dura morabitxir alvos,
Mits^lusy & viles pellent obftantia conchae, .
£t lapathi ^revis herba ; fed albo non fine Coo.
Luhpca nafcentes implent conchylia lunae : 30
Sed non omne mare eft generofas fertile toftae.
Marice Baiano melior Lucrina peloris ;
Oftrea Circeiis, Mifeno oriuntur echini ;
Pedli^^bus pjtulis ja£lat fe molle 'f arentom.
Nee fibi coenarum quivis temere arroget artem, 35
I f Non prius exada tenui ratione faporum.^
Nee fatis eft cara pifces averrere mensa,
Ignarum quibus eft jus aptius, & quibus afiis
Languidus in cubitum jam fe conviva reponet.
Umber, & iligna nutritus glande, rotundas 4.0
Curvet aper lances carnem vitantis inertem ;
Nam Laurens inalus eft, ubris & arundine pinguis.
fts. ^i nigrit prandia morit Jiniet,! The Ancients had only one
Mealy but they, viho could not wait for Supper, ufnally eat Bread^
Grapes, Figs, or Mulberries in the Morning. But our VoGtar,
vrho loved to dine in Form, taught another Method, and in contra-
did^ion to Galen and the Faculty, would have his Difcipks cat
Mulberries after Dinner.
23 . Ante graxftm legerit,'] The Juices of tenderer Frmt evapo-
rate by the Heat of the Sun, but are colleded and confined by the
Coldnefs of the Night. On the contrary, harder and firmer Frui^
fuch as Apples, ihould be gathered in the middle of the Day, whea
the Sun hath ripened and conco£ted their Juices,
25. Mettdosi.] Marcus Aufidius Lurco was a Man extremely
knowing in the Science of good Eating. OurDodlor Adventurer
here hazards a Decifion with his ufual Spirit. Aufidlus invented a
Morning Draught of ftrong Wine miked with Honey, to fortify the
Stomach and promote Digeftion. Catius pleafantly fteals the Ho-
nour of this Invention from him, and condemns the Cuftom in Au-
fidlus^ even while he recommends it himfelf. 30. Im*
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Ifatt. 4. The Satirks of Horaci. 21$
iBeft HavourM MuAirooms Meadow-Land fopplies,
Xn other Kinds a dangerous Poifon lies.
He ihall with Vigour bear the Sununer's Heat,
rWho after Dinner ihall be Aire to cat
'Xiis Mulberries, of bkckeft» ripeft Dyea^
And gather'd ere the Morning-Sun arife.
Aufidius £rft, moft injudicious^ quaff 'd
Strong Wine and Honey for his Morning Draught.
With lenient Beverage fill your empty Vdns,
^nd imoother Mead ihall better fcour the Reini.
Scvrel and White- Wine, if you co^ve prove.
And Muicles, all Obilru6lions ihall remove.
In the New Moon all Shell-Fifh fill with Juice,
But not all Seas the richer Sort produce ;
The largeil. in the Lucrine Lake we find.
But the Circxan are of Tweeter Kind.
Crayfiih are belt on the Mifenian Coails,
And foft Tarentum broadeH Scollops boails.
Let none prefume to underhand a Feaft,
If not exa£t and elegant of Tafle.
^Is not enough to buy the preciqus Fifh,
But know what Sauce gives Flavour to the Diih^
If ilewM or roalled it fhall rclifh bell.
And to the Table rouze the languid Gueft.
But if th* infipid Fleih of Boars you hate.
Let the round Difhes bend beneath the Weight
Of thofe with Acorns fed ; though fat, indeed.
The refl are vapid fi*om the marihy Reed. The
30, Lubrica tutfcenttij] In juftice to Catios, it muft be confefled,
- that this Errour is of ancient Date, but contradicted by conftant and
univerfal Experience*
3Z. Muriee Baiano.'\ Murtx zxAptlorh were Shell-fifh of differ-
ent Kind.8, for which we have not any Names in Engliih.
37, Neefatis efi ear a, &c.] Aoerrtre is of a great Number of
Manufcripts and beft Editions. By mtnfa the Poet means the Ta-
ble on which Fifiimongers' expofed their Fifh for Sale. Tor k ,
4s. Nan Lavrtni mabu eft,} All People of Tafte have ever
4 cfteemed
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2l6 Qs, HoftATtl PtACei SATntARVM Lib. t«
Vinea fiQpaiittkxi^reM mm ieiii{»6r edales.
Fecunda: leporis fapiens ie£blbkur armos*
Pifcibus atqae airibus qittt nsttonf «e fat«t«t^ 4^
Ante meum nuUi patiik ^uiefita pdatom.
Sunt quoraia u^gmiani nora tandim cniiMA jprqg^
Nequaquam fatU in re a»a confomere com* :
Ut fi quis foltim hoc, mala, ne iint vina, hi^ r^g
Quali perfundat pifces fepirui olifv. fO
Mafiica ii coeio fuppooes vina (ereno,
No^lurna, fi quid oaffi eft^ tenas^tur^mrd,
£t decedet odor tiervis inimicus ; at iHa
Integrum perdunt lino vit^ta faporem.
Sonatina vafer qui mifcet faece Falemd {J
Vina, colu^ibino lim«n bene colligit evo ;
Quatenus ima petit volvens aliena vitellBs.
Toftis marqcntem iqajllis recreabis & Afm
Potortm cochlea : nam ladnca innatat acri
Poft vinum ftomacho : perna magis, at magis ^IHs fo
Flagitat immorfiis refici :^ quin omnia mavolt,
Qaaecunqu^ immundis ferVent alhta popinis.
P
eftcemed Boars fc4 in mtrtky Ground, 2a of higher Flavour, althoaffr
Catius is of another Opinion. ' Dac.
44, Fecund^ Igfotis,] It a Reading of two Mmufcripts. We fin*
elefbkntttt gravida in PJautus, and mui una, Mut rtptrta in Pliuf,
v/hett feemina niuft be underftood. Oar PhUofophcr is hererfa
lingular Taftc, when he prefers the Shoulders to any other Part rf
an Hare. Some of our Commentators, not entering into the Sptftt
of the Satire, itrould have armot fignify the Back.
ji. Maffira ^ ciBloA Pliny advifes that all the beft Cunpsmtfi
W«« ihouia be espofed Kight and Dsy to the Sim, Moon, Ma,
and Winds » -^ --»
57. Vttellut.'^ Citius recommends the Yolks of Eggs, airf Wf
Vmtners fine down their Wincsi with the White.
5 1. Flagitat immorfusrefidi] Seven Manufcripts and nine lesflttd
Editors give us this Reading. Immorfus for viUtauta, txtittw,
fmnffus, fiMHilJus. /« mrfus is incafahle of any nafoaable Soifc,
II
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Sflt. 4. The Satires of HoRACir 217
T'he Vine-fed Go:^t*s not always lufcious Fare:
Wife Palates chufe the Wings of pregnant Hare.
None before me fo iapient to engage
To tell the various Nature or the Age
Of Fifli and Fowl ; that Secret was my own,
^Xill my judicious Palate quite unknown.
In fome new Paftry that Man*s Genius lies^
Yet in one Art *tis Meanefs to be wife*
For (hould we not be careful left our Oil,
Though excellent our Wine, the Fi(h fliould fpoil f
The Sky ferene, put out your Maffic Wine i
In the Night-Air its Foulnefs (hall refine.
And lofe the Scent, unfriendly to the Nerves,
But philtrated no Flavour it prefcrves.
He, who with Art would pour a ftroi^er Witie
On imooth Falernian Lees, ihould well refine
Th' incorporated Mafs with Pigeon's Eggs ;
The falling Yolk will carry down the Dregs.
StewM Shrimps and AfricTl^ockles fliall excite
- A jaded Drinker's languid Appetite ;
For Lettuce after Wine Is cold and crude.
But Ham or Saufage is provoking Food ;
Perhaps he may prefer with higher Zoft,
Whatever is in filthy Taverns dreft.
Two
as Dr. Bcntlcy hath wdl proved, Catm», to foufc a ja<}cd Drinker,
recommends whatever is moft capable of provoking his Appetite,
and would rather fend to a Tavern for fome hig h-feafoned Ragout^
than fufi^r him to eat Lettuce, which, being naturaliy cooling,
might dHpel the Fumes of his Wiot, and temper its cxceiTive
Heat.
V«x.. n» h 6S» At
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Ai3 C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. i- !
Eft operae pretium duplicis pernofcere juris
Katuram. Simplex e dulci conftat olivo : i
At pingui mifcere mero muriaqae decebit, 6^
Non alia, quam qua Byzantia putuit orca.
Hoc ubi confufum fedis inferbuit herbis,
Corycioqtie \:roco fparfum ftetil, infuper addes
Prcfla Venafranae qudd bacca remifit oliv^e.
Ficenis cedunt pomis Tiburtia fucco : 70
I»fam facie praeflant* Venucula convenit oUis*
Re^lius Albanam fumo duraveris uvam ;
Hanc ego cum malis, ego faccem primus & allec.
Primus & invenior j. iper album, cum fale nigro
Incretum puris circumpofuiiTe catillis. 75
Immane eft vitium, dare millia terna macello, ,
Anguftoquc, vagos pifces urgere catino.
Magna movet ftomacho faftidia, feu puer undis
Tradlavit c^cem manibus, dum furta ligurit :
Sive gravis yeteri craterse limus adhasfit. 80
^ Vilibus
65'.. At pwgui mifcere mero,'] At jnftead of quod is autliorifed by
an ancient Manufcript^ and is fo neceflary^ that the FafSu^is in-
explicable without it. Mifcere muft be underftood ablolutely for
mifcere jus, jut mijium facere, Juvenal ufes mifcere for mifcere fa-
tula^ Bent. CuN. San.
66, Slua Byaantia putuit orca,"] The common Editors read Pu^
truit, and give a very ftrange Meaning to the Words. They un-
/derftand orca for a Fifli not lefs than a "Whale, or greater Strength,
anl rarely feen, except in the main Ocean. The Brine ef fuch a
Fifh muft be very ( xtraordinary j but we ftill want to know why
the Fiih Aculd rot, putruit, in a Pickle intended to preferve it.
Catius hath Abfurdities enough cf his own, nor need wc load him
with more. Putu't is of alnioil all the Manufcripts. Orca is an
carthsn Pot, The Poet fays, muria qid orci putuit ^ becai;fe the
Pickle gives a Vpfiel a difajTKeable Scent, and he adds J?>za«;;j,,
becaufe Byzantium was famous icr a great Quantity of Brine of dif-
ferent Fiffu
68. Corycioq^t etcco fletjf.'] Ccrycv€ wr.fl a Mgunialn of Cilicia fa-
jsjiuslax its i a^'ron, Stttitg jhod to cool,
70. Pitenit
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Sat. 4. The Satires of Hoelacc. 219
Two Sorts of Sauce are worthy to be known ;
Simple the firft, of fweeteft Oil alone :
The other mix'd with full and generous Wine^
"With the true Pickle of Byzantian Brine ;
X-et it with fhreded Herbs and Saffron boil,
And when it cools pour in Venafran Oil.
Picenian Fruits with juicy Flavour grow,
But Tibur's with fuperior Beauty glow.
Some Grapes haye with. Succefs in Pots been tried :
Albanian bettj/in the Smoke are dried ;
With them.§jBd Apples and the Lees of Wine,
White Pepper, common Salt, and Herring-Brine,
I firft invented a delicious Treat,
And gave to every Gueft a feparate Plate.
Monftrous, to fpend a Fortune on a Difli,
Or croud the Table with a Load of Fifli.
It fbongly turns, the Stomach, when a Slave
Shall on your Cup the greafy Tokens leave
Of what rich Sauce the lufcious Caitiff ftole ;
Or when vile Mould incrufts your antique Bowl.
Brooms>
70. Tieenh ceduni pomis,'\ He now paffes to the fecond Courfc, or
Table, as the Romans called it. Poma is a general Name for all
Sorts of Fruit, fuch as -Apples, Pears, &c. Torr.
73. Facem primus & a /lee,'] Mr, Sanadon thinks, that Horace
does not mean two different Things, but ufes fax and allsc for fax
cum allece, Brine on its Lees 5 Brine not clarified. Pliny calls a/Jtc,
ifKperfiEta tiec coiatafax. All antient Manufcripts write ail^c 5 not
alec or halec,
75. Iticretum.'] Permifium, iticerniculo purgatum^ Lamb,
77, Attgujloque 'vagos,'] Catlus calls it a monftrous Folly, not to
know how to make an Entertainment without ijn. immenfe Expence
in Meat, or almoft crouding a Fifhmonger's whole Shop in a finglc
Difli, Perhaps, the Poet means to play upon the Wctds, 'vag9t
and angujis ; that Creatures of their wandering Sort ihould be con-
fined in A narrow Diih.
L % Sx. /•
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220 C^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum lib, 2i, '
Vilibus in fcopis, in mattis^ in f^be, quantus
Confiftet fumtus ? negledlis, flagitium ingens.
Ten* lapides varioa lutulwiia radere palma^
£t Tyrlas dare circum illota toralia veftes ;
Oblitum, quanto, curam lumtumque minorem Bf
Haec habeanty tanto reprendi jufli^s illis,
Qux nifi divitibus nequeant contingc re meniis }
HORATIUS.
Dodle Catiy per amicitiam Divofque rogatus,
Ducere me audittun, perges cumcunque» memento.
Nam quamvis memori referas mihi pedore cun^, 90
Non tamen interpres tantumdem juverls. ^Adde
Vuhum habitumque hominis : <^em tu vidifTe beatas
Non magni peiidis, quia contigit : at mihi cura
Non mediocris ineft, fontes ut adire remotos»
Atque haurire queam vitae prsccepta beats. 9;
Sat.
ti. In mattU,"] Is a Conjefture of Mr. Lc Fevre. Mappa figni-
lies a Napkin, but cannot be defigned hicre, where the Poet fpealu
only of the deaslixtefs of a Floor. When dbey had not Mzts, they
threw Saw "duft on the Fioor to foak the Wine.
S5. Ohlitum, fuanto.'] ' It is worth remarking, that Horace does
not make this Philofopher fo ridiculous, but that he fays fome ex-
cellent Things. The Poet would not only divert, but infiru^l us.
Dac,
88. Doffe Cati.} Our Author ends the Satire with an Irony of
the lafl Malignity. He difpbys his Gratitude in the moft lively Ex-
\.^ prcflionsj
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Sat. 4; Thb Satirbs ov Horace. 221
IBroomSy Mats and Saw-dufl: are fo cheaply bought^
That not to have them is a fhamelefs Fault,
lyhat I fweep with dirty Broom a Floor inlaid^
Or 9fi foul Coaches Tyrian Carpets fpread ?
Horace.
Catios, by Friendfhip, by the Powers divine^
Take me to hear this learned Sage of thine :
For though his Rules you faithfully exprefs.
This meer repeating makes the Pleafure lefs.
BefideSy what Joy to view his Air and Mien !
Trifles to you, becaufe full often feen.
Nor mean that Ardour, which my BreafI enffames.
To vifit Wifdom*s even remoter Streanos,
And by your learned, friendly Guidance led,
QuafF the pure Precept at the Fountain-Head*
Sat.
f reflwns ; he admires the tmcommon Wif^om of Catius ; he diei
to be perToBaliy known to the Author of this enchanting Morality,
that he mav ftudy his Principles, which he calls the Springs and
Fountains of Happinefs. S a n •
S9. CMmcMUfu*,^ ^anioeunpitffU9tiefiunqMf at cfitn^ M, Mr*
Cnningham propofed this natural, eafy Correction, and it is rtcei*
ved by Mr. Sanadon.
9a. ylJd* vultum bakitmmqu§ bominis,^ Catius had declared, that
he would not name the Author of this lingular Morality ; and Ho«
race, percciTing that it wa» Catius hunfelf, malidottily preiTes to be
iatxoduced to him* San«
L J We
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212 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satiraxvm Lih^. a.
Sat. V.
Ulysses. Tiresias.
Ulysses.
HO C quoque, Tirefia, praeter narrata^ petenti
Refponde : quibus amifTa? reparare queam re»
Artibus atque modis ? Quid rides ?
TlRBSIAS.
Jamne, dolofe^
Non fatis ell Ithacam revehi, patriofque penates
Afpicere }
UfcYSSES.
O nulli quidquam mflptite^ vides ut 5
Nudus inopfque domum redeo, te vate : neque ilHc
Aut ap^pheca prjpcis intada eft, aut pecus. Atqui
Et genus Sc virtus, niii cum re, vilior alga eft.
Tire-
Tranflated iy Dr. DtJNKiN.
We have here a Dialogue in the delicate and h'vely Tafte of Liw
cian. It is tnie the Poet recommends to Ulyffes fome Praftice*
r:ot extremely agreeable to the Spirit of a General, and a King j
but, beCdes that the Knowledge we have of the Charadlers of the
two Perfons ought' to make us perceive the Pleafantry concealed in
the-Satire, the Poet hath taken Care not to violate the Hules of
Probability. Ulyfles prcfenres his Honour unblemiflied by rejedling
theft.' infamous iVi ethods of making his Fortune ; and although he
hath J atience to hear the Prophet, yet he does rot condefcend to
anfwer him, or inform him, whether he would follow his Advice.
We may conclude, by the (wcty-fecond Verfe, that the Satire was
not written before the Year 734, when Auguftus recovered the
Reman Eagles from Phraates, King of Parthia. San.
Verf. 1. Hoc queque^TireJia.'] Homer made UlyfTes dafcend into
Hell to confult Tircfias concerning the Succefs of his Voyage.
Our Poet fuppofes, that when he hdd landed at Ithaca, and feen
the melancholy State of his Affairs, he raifes the Spirit of the Pro-
phet
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Sat. 5. . The Satires of HoRAcr,. tif
' Sat. V.
Ul-ySSES. TiRESIASv
Ulysses.
BESIDES the Precepts which you gave before,t
Refolve this Queftion, and I .afk no more ;
Say by what Arts and Methods I may flraight
Repair the Ruins of a loft Eflate.
How now, Tireiias ? whence thofe leering Smiles f
TiRESIAS.
Already vers'd in double-dealing Wiles,-
Are you not fatisfied to reach again.
Your native Land, and view your dear Demaine f
Ulysses.-
How poor and naked I return, behold.
Unerring Prophet, as you fir ft foretold.
The wooing Tribe, in Revellings employ'd,-
My Stores have lavilh'd, and my Herds deftroy'd ;•
But high Defcent and meritorious Deeds,
Unbleft with Wealth, are viler than Sea- Weeds.
TiRB-'
phet to dircft him how to put them into better Order. This Coi*--
verfatioij is not a Continuance of the firft, but only fuppofes it,^
f rater tiarrata, San»
7. Neque itUc aut apothecaA Ulyffes muft have been in Ithaca,
by his knowing the Condition of his Houfe and Family. This Re-
mark is n^efTary, becaufe many of our Commentators imagine this
Satifc is a Continuation of the Dialogue between Ulyflcs and Tire-
^as in Homer.
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ai4 Q;.HoiATii PtAccj Satirakctm Uh. s.
TiKBSlAS.
Quando ptuperiem, miffis ambagibasy hones :
Accipe, quaiadone queas ditefcere. Turdus, !•
Sive aliud privum dabitur tibi : devolet iliuc.
Ret u^ magna nitet, domino ieoc : dulcia poma,
£t quofcunque feret cultus dbi fundus honores.
Ante Larem guftet venerabilior Lare dives.
Qui quamvis perjurus erit, fine gente, cruentus 15
Sanguine fratemo» fugitivus ; ne tamen illi
Ttt comes exterior, ft poflalety ire recufes.
UtrssEs.
Utne tegam fpurco Damae latus ? Haud ita Trojae
Me geffif certani femper melioribus.
TlRESlAS.
Ergo
Pauper eris.
Ulysses*
Fortem hoc animum tolerare jabebo : 2^
Et quondam majora tuli. Tu protinus, unde
Divitias aerifque ruarn, die, augur, acervos.
Tire-
9. Mtjit trnkagi^s.] Tirefias pleafantly meaas that ontorial
Circumiocutioo of UJyiies, £t gtnut & virtus, when he might
more fimply have exprefTed his Fears of being poor. Nor is Uiis
Apprehcnfion of Poverty quite out of Chara^er, hot (eems to be
taken from a Speech of Ulyfles to the Phaeacians in the Odyfley.
Dac.
II. Primm.2 Horace puts prfvus in Oppofition to tomnutnism
Thruibes, and all Kinds of wild Birds, were of common Property^
eommMftit & puiliti juris, but tame Fowl belonged to particuJar
Perfont, funt sUquid dmmfiitum^ frffrium^ feivum. The Beauty of
dntolee u happily prefervcd in the Tranflation.
17. Cemes exttrior.} In walking with a Companion, the Side,
which^s moft expofed, as in walking near a River, or a Precipice,
was called the outward Side. This, in general, is the left Side,
hecaufe the Perfon, with whom we walk, has his right Hand at Li-
berty for his Defence in any unlucky Accidents. When three Peo^-
pie walk together, the middle is, for the Tame Reafon, the moft ho-
nourable Plate, and is thereftr^ always given to the Perfon of moft
Diftinaion, inter itrtmes, ^o Fvtm
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Sat. 5* The Satires op Horace. 225
TlRESlA*.
Since, to be brief, yqu fhudder at the Thought
Of Want, attend, how Riches may be caught.
Suppofc a Thruih, or any dainty Thing
Be fent to you, difpatch it on the Wing
To fomc rich Dotard. What your Garden yields.
The choiceft Honours of your cultur'd Fields,
To him be facrificM, and let him taHe,
Before your Gods, the vegetable Feaft.
Though he be perjur'd, and ignobly bora,
Stain'd with fraternal Blood, the public Scorn,
A Runagate ; yet if requir'd,. abide
The Teft, and dance Attendance by his Side
With low Submiffion^
Ulysses.
What! obey the Call
Of fuch a Wretch,, and give a Slave the Wall I
Not thus at Troy I prov'd my lofty Mind»
Contending ever with the nobler Kind»
TlR^ESrASv
Then Poverty Aall be your Fate*.
Vly&sesh^
Iffo>
Let me with. Soul undaunted undergo
Thb loathfom Evil,, fince my valiant Heart •
In greater Perils bore a manly Part*
But inftant tell me,. Prophet, how ta fcrape
Returning Wealth, and pile the fplendid Heap.
TlRE-
90. Fertem Hoc animum,] Ulyfles cannot diercend to MeanndTei
unworthy of his Rank, nor would it have been^ io: CharailE^er He
liad a. Fund of Art and Diflimulationy and pretended to hearth« £^t
Advice Tirefias gave him, as if he- approved of itj buttakes Care, 9t
farting, not to tell'whether he was determined to fellow i|^DA<?*S a «».
agu PreWttuiATut&u laughed even bcfioirc he f^oke ^ httf^^res..
L s gwwint,
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226 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. 2.
} TlR^BSIAS.
DIxi equidem, Sc dico. Captes aflutus ubique
1 ellamenta fenum : neu, fi vafer unus & alter
Iiifuiiatorem prit^ofo fugerit hamo, 25
A ut fpcm deponas, aut artem illufus omittas,
^'."a_,na minorve foro ii res certabitur olim ;
Vivet uter locuplcs fine natis, improbus, ultro
■ Qui meliorem audax vocet in jus, illius eflo
Defenfor : fama civem causaque priorem ' 30
Sperne, domi fi natus erit, fecundave conjux.
Quinte, poj^, aut Puhli (gaudent praenomine molles
Auriculae) tibi me virtus tua fecit amicum :
/Jus anceps'novi : caufas defendere polTum :
Eripiet quivis oculos citius mihi, quam te 55
Contemtum cafsa nuce pairperet : haec mea cura eft,
Ne quid tu perdas, neu fis jocus. Ire domum atque
Pelliculam curare jube : fi cognitor ipfe :
Ptrfta, atque obdura : feu rubra canicula findet
Infantes flatuas ; feu pingui tentus omafo 4a
Furius
growing impatient, and imagining that the Prophet ffill continaed to
teat him' with too mach Pleafantry, defires him to tell him, atoKty
protinus, whether there might not be fome other Manner of making
his Fortune. Tirefias is firm to the Advice he had given, dixi equu
dem & dico, as jf he were ferioufly convinced, that this was the bcft
Method, by which the Monarch could repair his broken Fortune.
51. Quinte, puta, aut Publ'tJ] A Slave was no fooner mads free,
t^an he qualified himfelf with a Surname, fuch as Marcus, Quintus,
Publius, which carried a Sort of Dignity with it. The Romans fa-
luted each other by their Surnames.
38. Fi cognitor. '\ Fi, which is of all the Manufcripts, hath beea
changed into^ and Jis in different Editions. It is an Imparativc
Mood of the Verb Jio, and is often ufed by Plautus.
39. Seu ruhra canicula findet,'] Horace here laughs at a Couple of
Poets , one of whom had called Statues, infantine, or yiuttg^ to
fhew, they were newly made j an Expreflion affected, abfurd and
ridiculous The other reprefcnted Jupiter fpit.ing Snow upon the
Alpes J an Idea low, harih and extravagant. • The laft of thcfe
Bards
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Sat. 5. The Satires or rioRACB. 227
TlRESI AS.
I told, and tell you : you may fafely catch
The Wills of Dotards, if you wifely watch ;
And though one Hunks or two perceive the Cheat;,
Avoid the Hook, or nibble off the Bait,
Lay not afide your golden Hope of Prey,
Or drop your Art, though baffled in your Play..
Should either great, or lefs important Suit
In Court become the Matter of Difpute,
Efpoufe the Man of profperous Affairs,
Pregnant with Wealth, if indigent in Heirs ;
Though he fhould hamper with a wicked Cauffr^
The jufter Party, and infult the Laws.
Defpife the Citizen of better Life,
If clog'd with Children, or a fruitful Wife.-
Accofl him thus (for he with Rapture hear&^
A title tingling in his tender Ears)
Quintus, or Publius, on my Faith depend, .
Your own Deferts have rendered me your Friend :*.
I know the mazy Doubles of the Laws,
Unty their !Knots, and plead with vaft Applaufc.
Had you a Nut, the Villain might as well
Pluck out my Eyes, as rob you of the ShelL
This is the Bufinefs of my Life profeft.
That you lofe nothing, or become a Jefl.
Bid him go home, of his fweet Self take Care ;;
Condud his Caufe, proceed, and perfevere.
Should the red Dog-ftar infant Statues fplit, ,
Or fat-paunch'd Furius in poeti^ Fit
Boni*-
Bards was Furius Bibaculus, the Name of the other is unknown*
Some of our Commentators underAand in/aniesfiatuas, dumb, fi'
lent Statues. _ Junius. San.
L 6 41* Furiut
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229 Q. HoR ATii Fl Acc? Satirarum Lib. u
Farms hybcrnas c^rja nivc confpuet Alpes.
Nonne vides (aliquis cubito ftantem prope tangens
Inquiet) at patienSy ut amicis aptus, ut acer t
Plures adnabunt thynnj, & cetaria crefccnt.
Si cui pncterea validus mal^ filius in re 4^
Prxclara fublatus aletur ; ne maaifeftum
Cxlibis obfeqtuum nudet te» leniter in fpem
Arc(pe officiofus, ut 8e fcribare fecundas
Heres, Sc ii quis cafus puerum egerit Oreo,
In vacuum venias« Perraro haec alea fallit. 50
Qui tefbunentum tradet tibi cunque legendum^
Abnuere^ Sc tabuks i te removere memento :
Sic tamiea» ut lipiiis raptas^ quid prima fecundo
Cera vdtt verfu ; iblus multifne coheres,
Veloci percurre oculo^ Pkrumque re^^flus 55
SerH>a ex quinqueviro corvum deludet hiantem i
Cap^focque dabit rifus Naiica Corano.
Ulysses,
Nttjn funs ? an prudens ludis mej^ obfcura canendo ?
TlRl-
4?. PMiit iySemdi,^ Jitpitir ByBemat eanS nivi tonfhutt^ Aipu
Ss the line^ which our Author has parodied. He pkaiantly puts^
Furtus himfelf in the place of Jupiter fpitting forth Snow, and tbe-
Term eon&aere feems better to agree with the fat Pavnch of Furius,,
than vfim a God. In the Lines before, he compares him to the-
Dog-ftat, as if his Poetry was cold as that Conftelktioa m Winter.
Servius teJlis us, in his Notes on ^rafug diffiUunt wUgo in Virgil,
That Statues of firaft frequently cracked withezceflive Cold. Dag.
46. Sublatms,'] A Word taken from a Roman Cufiom of laying
their new-bom Ihfants oa the Gtound, and educating only ^ofe the
Father took up«.
53. Sluid prima Jkimdofira velit virfit,'] Buima ctr^ figniiSsi
the firft Page of the Will, in which the Teftator's Name was
written. Seeundo vtrfu was the iiecond Lino, which contained the
Names of the Heirs and Coheirs.
5S. Recoffut ferika tx fuiiifuem>§.l The SHuinqutoiri were a
Kind of Tip-StaflT or Bailiff in th« Colomea and. municipal Towns.
A
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Sat. 5. The Satirbs »f Horace. 22^
Bombafttc howl^ and^ while the Tempeft blows,
Befoam the Winter Alpes with hoary Snows.
Some Perfon then, who chances to be nigh,.
Shall pull your Client by the Sleeve, and cry,
•* See with what Patience he purfues your Ends t
•*^ Was ever Man fo aflive for his Friends ?'*
Thus Gudgeons daily (hall Am in a-pace,.
And ftock your Fifli-ponds with a frefh Incrcafc
This LeiTon alfo well deferres your Care^
If any Man fhould. have a £ckly Heir,
And large Eflat^ left you yourfelf betray^
By makfiig none but Batchelors your Prey»
With weening Eafe the p^diiing Bane inAil^
In hopes to (land the fecohd in his WHI;
And if the Boy hy fom^ DHafler hurled.
Should take his Journey to the nether World,
Your Name in full RereHion may fupply
The Void ; for feldom fails this lucky Die»
Should any Mifer bid you to perufe
Kis Will, be fare you modeftly refufc,.
Aiid pufh it from you; but obliquely read
Th4 fecond Chufe, and quick jubt a'er the Dted^
CoUeCUng, whether, to reward your To3,.
You claim the whole, or muft divide the SpoiL
A {esdbiCd Scrivener, bred in Office low,.
Full often dupes,, and mocks the gaping Crow.
Thus foird Nafica (hall become the SpoKt
Of old Coraiius^ while he pays his Court..
Ulysses.
What t are you mad, or purposed to propofc
OMcure Predidtions, ta deride my Woes ?
TlR».
A Man, who had pafled through thefe little OflTce^, may well be
&fpof«d to be fuffifiieatly kaowio^ in what we call the Pn£tioc^
and
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230 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib, 2;
TiRESIAS.
O Lacrtiade, quidquid dicam, aut erit, aut non :
Diviimrc cienim magnus mihi donat Apollo. 60
Ulysses.
Quid taraen ifta vclif fibi fabula, fi licet, ede.
T^ESIAS.
Tempore quo juvenis P"iis horrendus ab alto
Demiilum genus -/Enea, tcllurc marique
Magnus erit ; forti nubet procera Corano
Filia Naficae, metuentis reddere foldum. 6^:
Turn gener hoc faciet : tabulas focero dabit, atque
Ut legat orabit: multum Nafica negatas
Accipiet tandem ; tacitus leget, invenietque
N il fibi legatum, prieter plorare, fuifque.
Iliad ad hiecjubeo: mulier fi forte dolofa, 70
Libertufve fenem delirum temperet ; illis
Accedas focius : laudes, lauderis ut. abfens.
' Adjuvat hoc quoque : fed vincit longe prius ipfum
Expugnare caput. Scribct mala carmina vepors ?
Laudato.
and from this Body public Notaries and Regtfters were chofen»
Horace therefore means hy fcriba recc&us ztiotzry, fufficiently re-
fined in Tricks and Cunning of the Law. . Recohui is properly
doubU'dyedy who hath fully taken his Colour.
59 ^'Jdquid dicam y aut erit, aufnon'] It is well difputcd, whe-
ther thefe Words be fpofcen in Jeft by Tirefias to, railly the Mo-
narch, who confults him, or whether he too carelefsly difcovers his
real Opinion of his Art. There is an acknowledged double Mean-
ing in his Expveflion, under which, perhaps, the Poet difguifes his
ewn Sentiments of the Skill of thefe Diviners^ and the frequent
Ambiguity of their Anfwers.
62. Jwvenis*} In 734 Auguftus was about four and forty Years
of Age,, when the Word Juvenis might be applied to him, as the
Reader may find in the Notes on the fecond Ode.
64. Nubet.] As the Verb nubere does not always lignify Marriage,
Mr. Oacier underftands it here of a criminal Commerce. The
Words gener ^ zadfocer are therefore Terms of Gallantry, as FiiWus /»
Faujia SyUa g^^^*
79. Vatif
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y
Sat. 5- '^«E Satires OF Horace* aji
TiRESIAS.
O Son of great Laertes, every Thing "
Shall come to pafs, or never, as I Ung ;
For Phcebus, Monarch of the -tuneful Nine,.
Informs my Soul, and gives me to divine.
.Ulysses.
But, good Tireiias, if you pleafe, reveal
What means tlie Sequel of that myftic Tale.
TiRESIAS.
What Time a Youth, who ihall fublimely trace
From fam'd iEneas his heroic Race, *
The Parthian's Dread, triumphant (hall maintain
His boundlefs Empire over Land and Main :
Nafica, loth to re-imbufc his Coin,
His blooming Daughter fliall difcreetly join
To brave Coranus, vi^ho fhall ilily fmoke
The Harpy's Aim, and turn it to a Joke.
The' Son-in-Law fliall gravely give the Sire
His witnefs'd Will, and prefently defire
That he would read it : coyly he complies.
And filent cons it with attentive Eyes, --
But finds, alas ! to him and his forlorn
-No Legacy bequeath'd rcxcept to mourn*
Add to thefe Precepts, if a crafty Lafs,
Or Free-man manage a delirious Afs,
Be their Ally ; their Faith applaud, that you.
When abfent, may receive as much in lieu ;
'Tis good to take thefe Out- works to his Pelf,
But bell to florm the Citadel itfelf.
Writes he vile Verfes in a frantic Vein ?
Augment his Madnefs, and approve the Strain :
Prevent
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't$Z Q^Ho^ATM FlACCI SATIRAftirif Lib, 1.
Laudato. Scort^or erit ? cave teNroget : ultr^ 7^
Penelopen facilis potion trade.
^ Ulysses.
FutafnCy
Porduci poterit tarn frugi tamque pudica»
Quam neqaiere p{pci re£lo depellere curfa ?
TfRBSIAS.
Vcnit enim magnum donandi parca juventut.
Nee tantum Veneris, quantum iludiofa culins. Sd
Sic tjbi Penelope i^ugi ^ft : qua^ fi femel una
De fene goftarit^ tecum partita lucdlum,
V^Vt canis^ a coiio nunquam abfterrebitur un^.
Me fene, quod dicam> &6lum eft. Anas imppoba
Thebis
Ex teftaknento fie eft elata : cadaver S$
Unburn oleo laigo nudis humeris tulit lieres r
Scilicet elabi fi podet mortua ; credo
Quod nimiilm iniliterat viyentL Cautus adito : .
Keu defis operas, neve immoderatus abundes.
Di£cilem Ss morofum ofFendei garrulua f ultre ; 90
Non etiam fikas. Davos fis comicas, atque
Stes capite obftipOy. multi^ iimilis metuenti»
Obfequio
79. VtHitmm magmmy &c.l ATthough Tirefias gives tTlyiSa no
Better Reaibn foe bis Wife*8 Virtue^ than the Avarice of her Loven^
yet the Monarch hears him patiently, iincc even this Reaibn proves
Aer fufficiently virtuous. Our Poet probably took the Hint of this
Parage from Homer, who makes Penelope reproach her Wooers-
with their Want of Genero£ty and never having made her any Pr>
6nts. The next Line is ahnoft a Tranflation from the- Odyifty.
DA.Ci
85. ElaM,J Carried out to the funeral Pyle. Eftrtur, Ihau.
TxitXNT*
90. Offirtdet."] The Verbs tfirVo, dijhj abundes, fihms and ft^
cequire offendes, which was found by Cruquius in a Manufcript of
the Scholiaft. Mr..Sanadon tYAaktJikrt uitr^ for filtre imtempe/IM,
ijupportune, ebfiitiatey is well worth remarking.
92. Qtjiifo capite,"] Hath been explained in the Note on Ar
eighty-ninth Line of the third Satire, firft Book*. - ^^A9^
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Sat. 5. The Satihis of Horace. 235
Prevent his aiking, if he loves a Wench,
And let your Wife his nobler PafBon quench.
Ulysses.
Can you fuppofe, a Dame fo chafte, fo pure,
Cou'd e'er be tempted to the guilty Lure,
Whom all the Suitors amoroufly ftrove
In vain to dagger in her plighted Love ?
TiRESlAS.
The' Youth too fparing of their Prefents came;
"They lov'd the Banquet, rather than the Dame ;
And thus your prudent honourable Spoufc,
It feems, was faithful to her nuptial Vows.
But had fhe touched a wealthy Dourd's Fee,
Her Cully fmack'd, 'and fhar'd the Gains with thee^
She never after could be terrified,
Sagacious Beagle, from the reeking Hide.
' I'll tell a Tale, well worthy to be told,
A Fa£t that happened, and I then was old :
An Hag at Thebes, a wicked one, no doubt.
Was thus, according to her Will, lugg'd outii^
Stiff to the Pile. Upon his naked Back
Her heir fuftainM the well-anointed Pack.
She likely took this Crotchet in her Head,
That fhe might flip, if pofTible, when dead.
From him, who trudging through a fihhy Road»
Had fltuck too clofely to the living Load.
Be cautious therefore, and advance with Artj^
N6r fink beneath, nor over-a£t your Part.
A noify Fellow mufl of courfe offend
The furly Temper of a fullen Friend :
Yet be not mute like Davus in the Play
With Head inclined, his awful Nod obey.
Creep
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2J4 Q;, HoRATir FxACCi S^ATIRARUM Li5.2,
Obfequio graffare : mone, fi increbuit aura,
Cautus uti velet carum caput : extrahe turba
Oppofitis kumeris : aurem Aibftringe loquaci. 95
Importunus amat laudari ? donee, ohe jam !
Ad coelum manibus fublatis di^rit, urge, &
Crefcentem tumidis infla fermonibus utrenu
Quum tc fervitio longo curaque levatit ;
Et certum vigilans, quartae efto partis Ulyfles loa
Audieris heres : Ergo nunc Dama fodalis •
Nufquam eft ? Unde mihi tarn fortem tamque fidelem f
I Sparge fubinde^. &, fi paulum potes, illacrymare. EH
^ Gaudia pcgdentem vultum-celare. - Sepufcrum,
Permiffum arbitrio, fine fordibus extrue : funus 105
Egregie fadtum laudet vicinia.. Si quis
Forte coheredum feni.or male tufliet ; huk tu
Die, ex parte tua, feu fundi, five domuJ fit
Em tor, gaudentem nummo te addicere. Sed me
Imperiofa trahit Prpferpina: vive, valeque. iia
Sat.
95. Aurem fu&flrinere lofuaci,'] A familiar Expreffion for puttiiif
tis Hair behind his Ears, that he might hear better.
TOO. Sluarta efio fdrti^UlyJfes,'\ This Reading is preferved in it-
veral Manufcripts. Efto was the Term ufed in Wills. BENt.
107. Sparge fubinde,'] Throw out, by Breaks and Starts, fuch
Expreffions as thefe, ur.de mibi tarn fortem ? &cc. Such were the
cuftomary Lamentations at Funerals. CRUCt.
109. Nummo addicere.')^ When a Counterfeit-Sale was made of
any thing left by Will, the Forms of Law were to be obfervedt
The Buyer and Seller went to a public Officer called Lihripens, or
Keeper of the Scales, and the Purchafer in the Prefence of Wit-
nefles pita Piece ^f Money into the Scales, which the Seller took
out, and the Sale was afterwards deemed legal, Nummo adiicert
mcAns here to fe/I for nothing. Dac.
no. Imperiofa trabit Proferpina,'] Had the Dialogue continued
any longer, Ulyflfes muft either have refufed to follow the Prophet's
. Advice, which would have been cold, and unworthy of the Spirit
of Satire, or he muft have complied with it in Violation of his own
Charafler. Horace probably borrowed the very happy Manner of
breaking off the Converfation from a Paflage in the Odyffey, where
Proferpine bids the Ghofts advance in Order before Ulyffes, and then
commands them to retires Dac,.
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^at. ^. The Satires op Horace* 2^
Creep into Favour : if a ruder Gale
Affault his Face, admonifli him to veil
His precious Pate. Oppofe your Shoulders, proud
To difengage him from the buflling Croud.
If he loved Prating, hang an Ear i fhould Luft
Of empty Glory be the Blockhead's Guft,.
Indulge his eager Appetite, and puff
The growing Bladder with infpiring Stuff,
Till he with Hands uplifted to the Skies, .
Enough ! enough ! in glutted Rapture cries.
When he (hall free you from your fervile Fear^
And tedious Toil j when broad awake, you hear ;.
" To good Ulyffes, my right trufty Slave,
** A fourth Divifion of my Lands I leave."
Is then (as void of Confolation roar)
My deareft Friend, my Dama now no more ?
Where fhall I find another Man fo juft.
Firm in his Love, and faithful to his Truft ?
Squeeze out fome Tears : 'tis fit in fuch a Cafe
To cloak your Joys beneath a mournful Face.
Though left to your difcretionary Care,
Ereft a Tomb magnificently fair.
And let your Neighbours, to proclaim abroad
Your Fame, the pompous Funeral applaud.
If any ValTal of the Will- Compeers,
With Aflhma gafping, and advanced in Years,.
Should be difpos'd to purchafe Iloufe or Landj^
Tell him, that he may readily command
Whatever may to your Proportion come,
And for the Value, let him name the Sum-
But I am fummon'd by the Queen of Hell
Back to the Shades. Live artful, and farewelL
Sat.
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*)6 Qj.H0RATII FlaCCI SATIKikKUM L3». ».
Sat. VI.
HO C erat in vods : modus agri non ha magnu^
Hortus ubi, & teAo vicinus jugis aquae fons,
£t paulibn fylvae fuper his foret. AufUos atque
Dx melius fecere. Bene eft : nihil amplras oro^
Maia nate, nifi ut propria haec mihi muneia faxis. 5
Si neque majorem feci ratione mala rem :
Kec fum fadiurus vitio culpave minorem :
8t veneror Hultus nihil horum : O ii angulus ille
Proximus accedat, qui nunc deQormat agellum f
O a umam argenti fors qua mihi monifaret ! ut illi^ 10
Thefauro invento qui mercenarius agrum.
lUum ipfum mercatus aravit, dives amico
Hercule : fi quod adeft» gratum juvat, hac prece te oro,
Hngue
Tranflated by Dr. Dunk TV.
A moderate Fortune can give us all the rational Pleafiirea of JAfe,
and our Pafiions only make us unfatisfied. This is a Subjed plain
and fimple in itielf ; nor could we rcafonably exped, after all he nat&
faid upon it in his Odes, that our Poet could here make it appear
lUllpleafrng and new. In the prefent Satire he fets the calm, tranquil
Amurements of the Country in Oppofition to the tumultuous Bufi-
aeiS; and irregular Pleafures of Rome.
We ihall find by the fortieth and forty-fifth Line, that the Satire
was written in 7 2 3 • San.
Verf. 5' Maia nau 1 He addreflcs his Prayer to Mereury, not
•nly becaufe this God was a Patron of Poets in general, and that
our Poet^ as we find in his Odes, was particularly obliged to his
Frotef^ion, but becaufe he preJided over Induftry and Merchandiie,
as Hercules did over any fudden, accidental Increafe of Riches. Be*
fides, he was a rural Deity, from whence, as Mr. Dacier obferves,.
the Poet recommends the Prefervation of his Cattle t» him, in the
ft>urteenth Verfe.
9. Dmormau'l We do not find this Word in any other Author.
I4«> Et
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Sat. 6, The Satires op Horace.* t^y
Sat. VI,
I OFTEN wifh'd, I had a Farm,
A decent Dwelling, fnug and warm,
A Garden, and a Spring as pure
As CryllaJ, running by my Door,
Befides a Utde ancient Grove,
Where at my Leifure I might rove.
The gracious Gods, to crown my Blifs»
Have granted this, and more than this,
I have enough in my poflfeffing,
'Tis well : I aik no greater Blefling,
O Hermes I than remote from Strife
To have and kold them for my Life,
If I was never known to raife
My Fortune by difhoneil Ways,
Nor, like the Spend-thrifts of the Times,
Shall ever fink it by my Crimes :
If thus I neither pray, nor ponder——^
Ph ! might I have that Angle yonder.
Which difpropordons now my Field,
What Sadsfadlion it would yield ?
Oh ! that fome lucky Chance but threw
A Pot of Silver in my View,
As lately to the Man, who bought
The very Land, in which he wrought I
If I am pleasM with my Condition,
O ! hear, and grant this lail Peddon :
Indulgent
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^8 (^HoRATH Flacci Satirarom Lib. 2.
Pingue pecus domino facias, & caetera, praeter
Ingenium ; utque foles, cuftos mihi maximus adfis. 15
Ergo ubi me ia montes & in arcem ex yrbe removi.
Quid prius illuftrem fatiris-Musaquepedeftri ?
Nee mala me ambitio perdir, nee plumbeus Aufter,
Autumnufque gravis, Libitinae queftus acerbae.
Matjjtine p^r, feu Jane libentjuraudis, Z9\
"Unde homines operum primos vitaeque laborcs ^
Inftituunt (iic Dis placitum) tu carminis efto
Principium. Romae fponforem me rapis : eia,
Ne prior officio quifquam refpondeat, urge;
Sive Aquilo radit terras, feu bruma nivalem 25
Intejdore diem gyro trahit, ire neceffe eft.
Poftmodo, quod mi obfit, clare certumque locuto,
Lu^ElanduBi
14. Et catera, prater tngenium.'] The Latms in fpeakiiig of Style
have Expreffions not unlike this, pingue & adipatum dicendi genus ^
foeta pingue quiddam pnantes, Ovid fays of Midas, pingue fed inge'
nium man/it. This playing on the double Meaning of the Word is
much in our Author's Manner. Beiides, Mercury was a good-hd-
moured God, who underftood Raillery, d* Dh mn triftibut. Yet
for fear the Deity fliould undcrftand- the Word caetera in its full Ex-
tent, and without any Exception, the Petitioner pleasantly guards
againft the Fatnefs of his Underftanding. San.
16. /» arcem,] He confiders his Country-Houfe as a Citadel inac-
ceflible to the Cares, that beficged him at Rome. San,
17. Musaque pedefiri.] The Mufe of Satire, if fuch an Expref-
lion may be allowed, is a Mufe on Foot. She borrows nothing .
from Poetry but the Meafure of her Verfes, the only Particular in
which /he differs from Profe. Sa n.
18. Plumheui.\ This Epithet very well exprefles the Weight of
Air in Autumn, when the South Wind was ufually attended at
Rome with peftilential Diforders. Our Poet's Country-Houfe was
covered by Mountains, in fuch a manner, as that he had nothing to
fear from its bad EfFefts. San.
20. Matutine pater. 1 The Satire properly begins here, and all'
before this Line is a" Kind of Preface. Janus prefided over Time,
and therefore Horace calls him God of the Morning, as if Time
feemed to be renewed every Morning. Dac- San,
P^The Superftition of calling the Gods by all their Names, for fear
of difobliging them by forgetting any of their Titles, hath been al-
ready remarked, ^y gia,
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Sat. 6. The Satires of Houacs. 239
Indulgent let my Cattle batten,
i,et all Things, but my Fancy, fatten.
And thou continue ftill to guard,
As thou art wont, thy fuppliant Bard*
Whenever therefore I retreat
Prom Rome into my Sabine Seat,- ,
By Mountains fenc'd on either Side,
And in niy Caftle fortify'd,
"V/hat fhould I write with greater Pleafurc,
Than Satires in familiar Meafure ?
Nor mad Ambition there deftroys,
Nov fickly Wind my Health annoys ;
Nbr noxious Autumn gives me Pain,
The ruthlefs Undertaker's Gain.
Whatever Title pleafe thine Ear,
Father of Morning, Janus hear.
Since mortal Men, by Heaven's Decree,
Commence their Toils, imploring thee,
Diredlor of the bufy Throng,
Be thou the Prelude of my Song.
At Rome, you prefs me : " Without fail
" A Friend expedts you for his Bail,
" Be nimble to perform your Part,
** Left any Rival get the Start.
*• Though rapid Boreas fweep the Ground,
<« Or Winter in a narrower Round
i « Contra6i5 the Day, through Storm and Snow,
[ " At all Adventures, you muft go ?"
, When bound beyond Equivocation,
Or any mental Refervation, By
23, Eia, ne prior cfficio, &c.] To fliew, that all his Diftreffes be-
■gin with the Morning, the Poet introduces Janus, the Gcd of the
Aiming, prefling them upon him. Urge j fiofe A^uilo, &c. Dac*
z6* Inter iore ditm,} The northern Part of the Circle^ which the
S«a
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240 Q^HonATii Placci Satieahvm Lib. 2.
LuQandum in taib&, feo^eiKU injuria tardis.
Quid tibi vis, quas res agis, iniane I improbus urget ^
Iratis precibus : Tu pulfes omne quod obftet, }«
Ad Mxcenatem memori & mente recurras.
Hoc juvaty 8c melli eft, non menciar. At fimul atras
Ventum eft Efquillas, aliena negotia centum
Per caput & circa faliunt latus. Ante fecundam
Rofcius orabat iibi adelTes ad Puteal eras. 35
De re communi fcribx magna atque nova te
Orabant hodie meminifTeSy Quinte, reverd.
Imprimat his, cura, Mscenas figna tabellis.
Dixeris, experiar ; fi vis, potes, addit, & infiat.
Septimus odlavo propior jam fugerit annus, 40
Ex quo Maecenas me ccepit habere fuorum
In numero ; dumtaxat ad hoc, quern (ollere rheda
Vcnet,
Sun defcribes in Summer Is more diftant from our Earth, than the
Southern Part, which he defcribes in Winter. From hence our
Days are fliorter in Winter than in Summer, and the Sun may
therefore be poetically faid to drive the Day in a fmaller Courfe.
Horace calls this Circle interiortm gyrtm, by a Fig^ure taken from
Chariot-Races, in which the Dffwr, who turned ncareft the Goal,
marked a narrower Circle, and was therefore called interiw juadri^
g0, with regard to thofe, who were obliged to take a laiger Com-
* pafs, exteriores. To nit.
ftg. ^M nt agif, inftnef] Our Editors pvt us manyTarious
Readings of this Verfe. That, which the prefent Edition hath cho-»
fen, is authorifed, as Torrentius afiiires us, by three excellent Ma-
nufcripts*
3ir jitra* BJfBiliat,'] Hath been explained in the Notes on the
' fifth Epode, and the tenth Satire of the firft Book.
35, j4d Puteal] He defcribes a Part of the Forum by a Monu-
ment erected there to fhew, that the Place had been ftnick with
Thunder. Some of the Praetors held a Kind of Seflions there to
decide private Caufes. Toxn*
36. De re tommttnifcriba.'] Horace had purchafed a« Employ-
ment of Regifter or SecreUry to the Treafury, and is defired to re-
turn early from Maecenas, to confult about iome Important AHair,
that concerned the whole Body. To it n • D a c.
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Sat. 6. Th£ Satires op Ho&acb. 241
By all the Tyes of legal Traps,
And to my Ruin too, perhaps,
I Ml mull buille through the Croud,
And prefs the tardy; when aloud
. Some wicked Fellow relmburies
This Ufagc with a Peal of Curfcs.
** What Madnefs hath poiTefs'd thy Pate
*' To juftle People at this Rate,
** When puBing through the Streets you fcour*
** To meet Maecenas at an Hour ?*'
- This pleafes me, to tell the Truth,
And is as Honey to my Tooth.
But when I breathe Efquilian Air,
I find as little Quiet there;
An hundred Men's Affairs confound
My Senfes, and befiege me round.
** Rofcius entreated you too meet
" At Court To-morrow before eight ■ > ^ ■
** The Secretaries have implor'd
" Your Prefence at their Council-board
•• Pray, take this Patent, and prevail
" Upon ydur Friend to fix the Seal "
Sir, I ihall try — ^Replies the Man,
And urges : ** If you pleafe, you can •— "
•Tis more than feven Years complete,
, It hardly wants a Month of eight,
I Smce good Maecenas, fond of Sport,
Receiv'd me firH in friendly Sort,
Whom
3S. Im^imat bit, cura.'] Dion ioforms us, that Maecenas wat
intrufted with the great Seal of the Roman Empire, and was a Kind
of Lord High Chancellor to Auguftus.
42. Dttmtaxat ad boe.'] Our Poet did not abufe that Confidence
with which Maecenas honoured him, and it had been happy for
this great Minifter if he had found all his Friends equally difcreet*
Vol, 1X1. M Augvftun,
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242 (^ HoRATH Flacci Satirarum Lib. 2;
Vellet, iter faciens ; & cui concredere nugas
Hoc genus : Hora quota eft f Threx eft Gallina Syro
par?'
Matutina parum cautos jam frigora mordent ; 45
£t qu£ rimpsa bene deponuntur in aure.
Per totum hoc tempus fubjedlior in diem &r horam
Invidiae. Noftcr ludos fpedaverit una,
Luferit in campo, Fortanae filfus, omnes.
Frigidus a roftris manet per compiti rumor ; 50
Qudcunque obvius eft, me confulit : O bone (nam te
Scire, Deos quoniam propiiis contingis, oportet)
Numquid de Dacis audifti ? Nil equidem. Ut tu
Semper eris derifor ! At omnes Di exagitent me.
Si quidquam. Quid ? militibus promiffa Triquetra 55.
Praedia Csefar, an eft Itala tellure daturus ?
Jurantcm
Auguftus would not haTe had Re^on to complaio, that he had not*
Difcretion enough to keep a Secret. Dac.
48. Nofier ludos fpeaaveritJ] The Conftni£Hon is a little difficult
by the Poet's negle^ing to mark the regular Transitions, that he
might better preferve the Jreedoin and Vivacity of the Converfa-
tion. Si una cum Macenati ^eSiatferim ludos, veUn campo luferim,
cmnes continuo exclamant ^ Fortuna filius eft, San.
49. Luferit in campo,"] They played at Ball,, of. which both Ma-
cenas and Horace were extremely fond.
53. De Dacis,] The Dacians had engaged' in Antpay^s Army at*
the Battle of A^ium in 723, and OdlaviHs had diibbliged them by
refufing fome Favours, which they demanded by their Anibaf&dOrs.
He was obliged to fend Marcus Craflus againft them the Year fol- .
lowing* San.
55. Militibus promiffa Triquetra ] Oftavius ptOBoifcd th&Soldkts,
who had ferved under him in reducing Sicily, to divide fome of the
conquered Lands amongft them. But the War, in which he was
engaged againft Antony^ obliged him to defer this Dlvi/ion, and.
immediately after the Battle of A^Hum, the Ti-oops, which
he had fent to Brundufium, mutinied on this Occafion* He went'
himfelf to flop the Beginning, of a Revolt, which might have
been attended with moft dangerous Confequences. This Affair was
all tbe News at Rome, when our Poet wrote thi prefont Satite.
Sicily
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S«. 6. Tfft Satire* op Horace. S^J
Whom he might carty m his Chair,
A Mile or two, to take the Air,
And might enttuft with idle Chat,
Diicoarfmg upon this or that.
As in a free familiar Way,
*« How, tell me, Horace, goes the Day ?
** And can' that Thracian Wight engage
" The Syrian Hcdlor of the Stage ?
" The Morning Ait is very bad
** For them, who go but thinly clad"— —
Our Converfatimi chieHy dwells
On thefe, and fuch like Bagatelles,
As might, without incurring Fears,
Be well repos'd in leaky Ears.
But iince this Freedom firft began.
And I was thought a lucky Man,
The more each Day, the more each Hour
I find myljslf in Einvy's Power.
" Our Son of Fortune (with a Pox)
" Sate with Maecenas in the Box,
" Juft by the Stage : You might remark,
« They play'd together in the Park.''
Should any Rumour, without Head
Or Tail, about the Streets be fpread.
Whoever mect5 me gravely nods.
And fays, " As you approach the Gods,
" It is no Myftery to you,
•* What do the Dacians mean to do?'*
Indeed I know no t *- ■ ■ ** How yon joke,
*• And love to fneer at fimpIeFolk!"
But Vengeance feize this Head of mine.
If I hare heard or can divine ■ ' ' ■ ■
" Then, prithee, wher.e Are Csfar's Bands
*' Allotted their' Debenture-Lands r'
M 2 Although
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S44 (^HonATii Flacci Satiraevm Ub. %•
Junu&tem me fare nihil miratiir» at unum
Scilicet egitgii mortidein aldque filenti.
Perditur hacc inter mifero \ff, non fine votis :
O rus, qoando ego te afpidam? qaandoqoe licebit te
Nunc veterum libris, nunc fomno & inertibiu hons
Dqi^ere folicitae jucunda oblivia vitae ?
O qoando faba Pythagors cognata, fimulque
VtkBtiL iatis pingui ponentar olufcula lardo ?
O nodes, conuBqoe Deitm 1 quibos ipfe, meiqae 6 j
Ante Larem proprium vefcor; vemafque pmfiaces
Pafco libatis dapibus. PQU^t cuique libido eft»
Siccat inxquales calices conviva, folutus
Legibus infanis ; feu quis capit acria fortis
Pocula ; feu modicis uvefcit lasdus. Ergo 70
Sermo oritur, non de villis, domibufve alienis ;
ffec male necne Lepos faltet : fed quod magis ad nos
Perdnety
Skily WIS called Triquetra from its triangular Shape, and in fome
ancient Coins it is repcefented under the Figure of a Woman with
three Legs. Dac. Sak*
63. Faha Pytbagora ctgndU."] This ExprelTion is pleaiant and
iatiricaly in Allufion to the Metempfycofis of Pythagoras. Never
did Kindred and Confanguinity extend fo far as that of this Philo-
fopher. Every living Creature was of his Family, and as he found
in a Bean a certain whimfical Likenefs of fome Parts of an human
Body, he fancied it contained a Soul fabje^ted to the ViciiCtudes of
n Tranimigration, and therefore forbad his Difciples to eat Beans,
Itftthey might eat fome of their Relations. Hbinsivs. San*
67* Ubath dafibut ] It is not neceiTary to fuppofe, that Horace
admitted his Doaieftics to his own Table, but when he had a mind
to entertain them with better Cheer, he gave them Diflies of Meat^
of which he only paid the £rft Offerings to the Gods, libatn dapi»
Smt. The firft Portion of the Supper, thus offered to the Lares,
was thrown into the Fire. Others underftand Uhaiis, which the
Poet himielf had only tafted.
6a. Sclutui Upbtu infsmu] The Greeks had more good Manners
in their Cups than the Romans, for they never compelled their
Gnefls to dnnk* Their Maxim was, ant Me, mi M, either drink
•r leave the Company.
7t. iM M0cm L^sfsbtt.} Socfa is ufually our polite Convert
iatioii
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Sat. 6* Tmb Satires of Horace. 245
Although I fwcar, I know no more
Of that, than what was aik'd before.
They (land amaz*d, and think me then
The moft referv'd of mortal Men.
BewilderM thus amidfl a Maze,
I lofe the Sun-(hine of my Days.
And often wiih : " Oh ! when again
" Shall I behold the rural Plain?
<* And when with Books of Sages deep,
«« SequefterM Eafe, and gentle Sleep,
" Infweet Oblivion, blifsfol Balm?
" The bufy Cares of Life becalm 5
** Oh ! when fhall Pythagoric Beans,
«* With wholefome Juice enrich my Veins F
*' And Bacon-Ham and favoury Pottage
«* Be fervM beneath my fimple Cottage ?
« O Nights, that fumifh fuch a Feaft
«* As even Gods themfclves might tafte !"
Thus fare my Friends, thus feed my Slaves,
Alert, on what their Mailer leaves.
Each Perfon there may drink, and fill
As much, or little, as he will.
Exempted from the Bedhun-Rules
Of roaring Prodigals and Fools :
Whether, in merry Mood or Whim
He takes a Bumper to the Brim,
Or, better pleasM to let it pafs*
Grows mellow with a fcanty Glafs.
Nor this Man's Houfe, nor that's Eftate
Becomes the Subjedl of Debate ;
Nor whether Lepos, the BuiFoon,
Can dance, or not, a Riggadoon ;
M 3 B at
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Z^S Q^Hoit.ATix Flagci Satirakvm Lib. 2.
Percinety ac nefcire malum efl, agkamus : utrymoe
Divitiis homines, an fmt virtute beati 5
Quidve ad amicitias, i^fus reftumne, trahat »05; ' 75
Et qua; fit natura boni, fummumque quid ejus.
Cervius, haec inter,' vicinus garrit aniles
Ex re fabellas. Si quis nam laudat Arelli
' Solicitas ignarus opes ; £c incipit : Olim
Ruflicus urbanum murem mus paupere fertur 80
Accepiffe cavo, yeterem vetus hofpes amicum j
A{per, & attentus quaeiitis ; ut tamen argum
fSolveret hofpitiis animum. Quid multa ? neque ille
iSepofiti ciceris, nee longae invidit avenae :
[ArlSuih & ore ferens acinum, femefaque lardi 85
Frufta dedit, cupiens varia faflidia ccsna
Vincere tangentis male fingula dente fuperbo :
Quum pater ipfe domus p^a porredus in horna
EiTet ador loliuxnque, dapis meliora relinqucBS.
Tandem
fatioft. Take away Plays, Operas, Fafhions, and two Thirds ef
the World would have nothing to (ay. We liwy^ with Mr. Sam-
don, lament the People, whofe Education has not made them ca-
pable of talking of any thing elfe, . nor are they iefs to he pitied,
who are obliged to liften to fach CoiQpMiioos*
75. Ufus reBumne.'] Fjicnd^iip is an Indipatioa of the Heait,
and the great Mover of the Heart is Pleafure. Thus our Sclf-Lovc
£nds its Account in Friendftip. When Zeno fiiys, -that it can anie
only from Virtue^ he does ;iot cofltradi^^ Epicurus, who places it
among the Virtues, and even gives it the Preference to all others*
They had only different Ideas of the faaie Virtue. Sam.
77. AniUt /abel/as.J Troiiiiioiytry Sforus, tih avorum m«mtri$
repetitas,
82. Vt tamen or&umA It a tamen ut. This contraded Spirit,
araus, which oolarges itfelf, fikntur, at Sight of a Friend, '$» a me-
taphorical Expreflion of much Beauty and Energy. Sa v.
83. Neque ille [epofiti, &c.] Hie iii of more than twelve Manu-
fcripts. It has more Elegance, and that Elegance has more of the
Manner of Horace than ilUm Sepofitum cicer & lenja rnvmem is for
avena & cicer in hngum ttmput fepofita. The firft Epithet agrees
' equally with both Subflaotivee* Bxnt. San.
Qa. VU
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Sat 6. Th9 Satirbs of Horace. ^24^
But what concerns us more, I trow.
And were a Scandal not to know ;
If Happinefs coniift in Store
Of Riches, or in Virtue more :
Whether Efteem, or private Ends
Direct us in the Choice of Friends :
What's real Good without Difguife,
And where its great Perfeftion lies.
While thus we fpend the focial Night,
Still mixing Profit with Delight,
My Neighbour Cervius never fails
. To club his Part in pithy Tales :
Suppofe, Arellius, one ihould praife
Your anxious Opulence ; he fays —
A Country -Moufe, as Authors tell.
Of old invited to her Cell
A City Moufe, and with her beft
Would entertain the courtly Gueft. «
Thrifty ihe was, and full of Cares
To make the moft of her Affairs,
Yet in tbe ^midfl of h^r ^riigoiky
• Would j;i¥e a Loofe to fjo^tality.
In AiQ^ flie^joes, ^t\a fra^y Utck^^
• Whelle Ears of hoarded Oats^ and Vetches^
Diy <^apcs and Rtiiiins ci^fs her Chaps,
And dainty Bacon, but in Scraps,
If Delicacies could invite
My fqueamifh Lady's Appetite,
Who tum'd her Nofe at every Difh,
And faucy piddled, with a — Pifh I
The Matron of the Houfe, reclin'd
On downy Chaff, difcreetly din'd
On Wheat, and Darnel from a Manger,
And left the Dainties for the Stranger, The
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a4& C^HoKATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. z.
Tandem urbanus' ad hanc : Quid te juvat, inquit,
amice^ 90
Praerupti nemoris padentem vivere dorfo ?
Vis ta homines urbemque feris prajponere fylvis ?
Carpe viam (mihi crede) comes : teiceftria quando
Mortales animas vivont fortita, neque uUa eft
AuC magno aut parvo Uip ^Qga* Q^o, bone, circa, 95
Dam licet, in rebus jucundis vive beatus :
Vive memor, quam iis sevi brevis. Hxc ubi dida
Agreilem pcjmlerej domo levis exilit : inde
Ambo propofitum peragunt iter, arbis aventes
Moenia no^lurni fabrepere. Jamqae tenebat 100
Nox medium coeli fpatium ; quum ponit uterque
In locuplete domo veiligia : rubro ubi cficco
'Tindla fuper ledlos canderet veftis ebumos ;
Multaque de magna fapereflent fiuxula coena.
Quae procul exftru^s inerant heilema cagiflris. loj
Ergo ubi purpurea porre£lum in vefte locavit
Agreflemi
9ft. Pit Ar.] The City-Moufe does not afk the Coufitry.Monlii
whether he l>e wUllng to follow him, but, by a common Maimer
ef Ex]>reflk>n, exhorts, and almoft commands him. Ther, who
itad v/V tm miflake the Senfe of the Paflase, and amawbet the
greater Humber of Maanfoipu, Bb m t«
loo. Jamqut ttmbat^ ftc*] The Time in which our TraTellen
iterformed their Joomey was a Matter of great Importance, and the
Poet has thcreiore marked it with much Pomp of Cadence and
SxpreffioB. Dac.
loC. Nu
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Sat. 6. Thb Satires of Horacb. 249
The Cit^ difpleas'd at this Repaft^
Attacks oar fimple Hoft at laft.
** What Pleafure can you find, alack f
•* To live behind a Moantain*s Back?
•* Woald you prefer the Town, and Men,
** To this unfocial dreary Den,
•* No longer, moaping, loiter here,
*' But come with me to better Chear.
" Since Animals but draw their Breath,
" And have no Bemg after Death ;
•* Nor yet the Little, nor the Great,
<< Can ihun the Rigour of their Fate ;
•* At leaft be merry while you may,
•« The Life of Mice is but a Day;
** Refle£k on this, maturely live,
*« And all that Day to Pleafure give."
Encouraged thus, the nimble Moufe,
Tranfported, fallies from her Houfe :
They both fet out, in hopes to crawl
At Night beneath the City- Wall ;
And now the Night, elaps'd Eleven,
Poflefs*d the middle Space of Heaven,
When, harafs'd with a Length of Road,-
They came beneath a grand Abode,
Where Ivory Couches, overfpread
With Tyrian Carpets, glowing, fed
The dazled Eye. To lure the Talle,
The Trophies of a coftly Feaft,
' Remaining, frefh but Yefterday,
In Bafkets, pilM on Bafkets, lay.
When Madam on a purple Seat '
Had plac'd her ruftic Friend in Stat%
M 5 Sbe
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250 Qr HOILATII Fj.ACCJ Satirarvm Life. ^.
Agreftem ; veluti fuccindus jcurfitat hofpes,
Continuatque dapes : nee non vcrniliter ipiis
Fungitur officiis, prselibans omne quod adfert.
I lie Cubans gaudet mutata forte, bonifque no
Rebus a^it lagfum convivam : quum fubito ingeBS
Valvarum firepitus le6lis excuflit utrumque.
Currere per totum pavidi conclave ; magifque,
Exanimes trepidare, fimul domus alta MoloiBBs
Perfonuit canibus. Turn rufticus : Haud inihi vita ^
Eft opus hac, ait, & valeas : me fylva cavufque 1 1 5
Tutus ab infidiis tenui folabitur ervo.
108, Nee mn vtrniKter.'] Our City-Moufe would treat his Guefl
with all the Politenefs of a Courtier, vemt/iter, and therefore per-
forms all the Ceremonials due to a Prince, fangitur officii s. Sa w .
109, Pralibansy] Is of an excellent Manufcript and received by
our beft Editors. They, who read pralambent miftake'the Mean-
ing of the Word, which is ufed only for raderet wmdere, when
fpeaking of a River, that wafhes away its Banks. £eAdes, the
Scholiaft explains the Word by pragufiam. Or if we ffiould under-
ftand pralamben\ in, the Senfo-hcre given to it, yet it prefents to us
an Idea of a Slave, not of a Mafter of the Feaft 5 whereas pr^p^'
tans naturally fignffies the Formalities obferved at the Tables of
Kings, who had proper Officers, called by Suetonius pr^uftatwts,
appointed to tafte their Meat and their Wines, . Bsnt.
Sat. VII.
Davus: Horatius.
Davus.
A M D U D U M aufculto, & cupiens tibi dicere
fervusn
Pauca reformido, Hora-
The particular Uefign of the Saturnalia was to r^prefent that
Equality, with whiah Mankind lived, under the Reiga of Satimi,
according to the Law of Nature. Horace here introduces a Slave,
afierting that a wife Man alone ie free, and that real I«iberty con-
fifis
J
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•Sat. 7. Thb Satiebs op Horaci. igi
She buftles, like a bufy HoSk,
Supplying Difhes boilM and road.
Nor yet omits the Courtier's Duty
Of ladling, ere (he brings the Booty.
Tho Cottntry-Moufe, with Rapture ftrange.
Rejoices in her fair Exchange,
And lolling like an eafy Gneft,
Enjoys the Chear, and cracks her Jeft.
When, on a fudden, opening Gates,
Loud-jarring, fhook them from their Seats.
They ran, aiFrighted, through the Room,
And, apprehcnfive of their Doom,
Now trembled more and more ; when, hark I
The MaftiiF-Dogs began to bark.
The Dome, to raife the Tumult more,
Refounded to the furly Roar.
The Bumpkin then concludes. Adieu!
This Life, perhaps, agrees with you :
My Grove, and Cave, fecurq from Snares,
Shall comfort me with Chaff and Tares.
Sat. VII.
Davus. Horace.
Davus.
I'LL hear no more, and with Impatience biirn.
Slave as I am, to anfwer In my Turn }
And yet I fear— - Horace,
lifts in not obeying our Paffioas, or being enflaved to Vice. He
bcddly reproaches hie Mafter witii hit F«uits t^pA FoUiti. His Rea-
iiomng is fo natural, fenfible^ and preffing, that Horace not boing
able to anfwier him, at laft lofes hit 'T'eoiptir^ 9tA is obliged to
xukeuTpof iiaiRcestofiJcwehiin. Pac« San^
M 6 Vcrf. I.
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^52 Q;^H0RATII FlACCI S^TXRARUM Lib. 2.
HORATIUS.
Davafne ?
Davus.
Ita, Dava39 amicum.
Mancipiom dominOx & frugi, quod &t iatis i hoc efi^
Ut vitale putes.
HoRATIUS.
Age, libertate Decembri
(Quando Ita majores voluerunt) utere ; narra« 5
Davus.
Pars hofliinum vitiis gaudet conftanter^ & urget .
Propditum ; pars multa natat, modo reda capefTens,
llnterdum pravis ob|ioxia. Saepe notatas
Cum tribus annellis, modo laeva Prifcus inani,
Vixit insequalisy clavum ut mntaret in horas : 10
.£dibas ex magnis fubito ie conderet, uixle
Mundior exiret vix libertinus lionefle :
Jam moechus Rorns^ jam mallet dodtus Atheuls
Vivere ; ye]:{ttmnis» quotquot funt; natus iniquis.
Scurra Volanerius poftquam ill! jufla chiragra 15
Contudit articulos, qui pro fe toUeret atque
MItteret in phimum talos, mercede diuraa
Con-
VerT. I. yamdudum aufeulto,"] Tired of the fantaftic Humours of
a whimfical Poet, our Slave is determbed to enjoy the Liberty of
' fpeaking his Mind, nd faying a few Words, as he calls them. Few
indeed in comparifon of all he had heard in the Courfe of a Year,
although his Mafter thinks him very fuffidently tedious. . San.
3. Frugi, ^uodJitfatit\ boetft,] The common People have al-
ways imagined, that Perfons of eminent Merit do not live fo long as
others. From thence the JProverb, tot witty f Uvt kt^. Ton.
9. Litvi frifcus inani,] Before the Time of Hoiace it was infii-
^ jnous to wear more than one Ring, and when they began to wear
sore, they earned them only on the left Hand, which was lefi ex-
pofed to public View, as if they would feem afhamcd of fuch Marlct
ef Effeminacy. Bond,
13. DoBut Atbeni$,1 If Davus, as Mr. Sanadon imagines, was a
Gman, we ihould not be forprifed to find him pccfcaniog Atheot
to
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Sat. 7« Thb Satires of Horaci^ 255
Horace.
What I Davus^ is it you ?
Yes. Davtts, Sir, the faithful and the true.
With Wk enough no fudden Death to fear^—
Horace.
WelL Since this jovial Seafon of the Year.
Permits it, and our Anceilors ordain.
No more the dear Impertinence reftrain.
Davus.
Among Mankind, while fome with fleady View
One conftant Courfe of darling Vice purfue,
Moft others float along the changing Tide,
And now to Virtue, now to Vice they glide.
Lo f from three Rings how Prifcus plays the Light ;
Now fhews his naked Hand— ^The various Wight
With every Hour a different Habit wears :
Now in a Palace haughtily appears.
Then hides him in fome vile and filthy Place,
Where a clean Slave would blufh to (hew his Face.
Now rakes at Rome, and now to Athens flies ;
Intenfely ftudies with the Leam'd and Wife.
Sure all the Gods, who rule this varying Earth,
In deep Defpite prefided at his Birth.
Old Volanerius, once that Man of Joke,
When the ju& Gout his crippled Fingers broke.
Main*
to Rome* The Conje£bire, which is confinned by his counting hy
Dnchmas in the forty-tfakd Line, gives a Spuit and Poignancy to
the Pallage, as it is an additional IiUult to Horace, that his SlavB
ihould defcribe Rome by its Vices, and Athens by its Learning.
14. yitrtumwis, natui tMtfMiu'] Vertnmnvs prefided over the ra-
golar Seafons of the Vear, dbbliihed by tbe Laws of Nature.
Prifcus was therefore born in defpite of the God, becaufe all hit
Changes were an Efieft of Oddnefs and Whim, Horace multipliea
this God, Vtrtunmip fron the different Fonnt vadcr which he wa»
feptefeatfd. Boiifii«SA2U
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254 (^HonATii Flacci Satirarum -LS>.2.
Condudlam pavit : quanto conftantior idem
In vitiu, tanto levias mifer, ac prior ille»
Qui jam contento, jam hxo fune laborat. 20
HORATIUS.
Non dices hodie> qaorfum hasc tam pi^^da tendant,
Furcifer ?
Davus,
Ad te, inquam.
Ho^ATIUB.
Quo pado, peflime?
Davus.
Laad^
Fortunam ac mores antiqiue plebis^ & idem.
Si quis ad ilia Deus fubito te agat, ufquc recufes :
Aut quia non fentis, quod clamas, redius efTe ; 25
Aut quia non firmus reftum defendis, & haeres,
Nequicquam coeno cupiens evellere plantam.
Romas rus optas ; abfentem rufticus urbem
Tollis ad aftra levis. Si nufquam es forte vocatus
Ad coenam, laudas fecurum olus ; ac» velut ufquam 30
VicAus eas, ita te felicem.ducis amafque.
Quod nufquam tibi fit potandum. JufTerit ad fe
Maecenas ferum fub lumina prima, venire
' Con-
19. Tanto hviiis mifer, Ssc'] Davus does sot abfolately mean,
Ithat a Man in one coo&vkt Couriie of Vke is Ida miienble, than
he who continually change from Vice to Virttie, from Virtue to
Vice, but*thatheis Ws fenfible of his Mifery j becanfe the other
is perpetually ftruggling with himfelf^ and labouring between two
3£xtremcs,
j^f pri9r ilk,'] Ac la our Author is frec^iteady nfed for famm^ aad
pritr xpuft be referred to Prifeiu*' Sak,
20. ^i }Am c0ei#««#«.] A Maft enfUved la hfs Paffions, and
firuggling t» f/A free, is like a Beaft chained, which is always
«q«iaUy mkv9k>\At laborat, whether it endeavours to break its Chain,
•r lies quietly ^9^ts iu Horace takes his Comparifon irem an
Ima^ie of Mi(ery» wbifih eannot agree with the Sports of Children,
hy which Mr« D«eier wmld ee|^luait» Sak,
30, Ltfik
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Sat. 7- T**^ Satihis of Horace. 255
Maintained a Slave to gather i^ the Dice,
So coniUnt was he to his darling Vice.
Yet lefs a Wretch than he, who now maintains
A fleady Courfe, now drives with loofer Reins.
Horace.
Tell me, thou tedious Variety whither tends
This wretQhcd Stuff?
Davvs.
At you diredl it bends.
Horace,
At me, you Scoundrel ?
Davus.
When with lavilh Praifc
You vaunt the Happinefs of ancient Days,
Suppofe fome God fhould take you at your Word,
Would you not fcom the Bleffing you implor'd ?
Whether not yet convinc'd, as you pre tend, -
Or weak the Caufe of Virtue to defend ;
And, finking in the Mire, you ftrive in vain.
Too deeply plung'd, to free your Foot again:
While you're at Rome, the Country has your Sighs ;
A Ruftic grown, you vaunt into the Skies
The abfent Town. Perchance, ifuninvfted
To fup abroad. Oh I ^en you're fo delighted
With your own homely MeaJ, that one would think.
That he, who next engages you to drink.
Mull tie you Neck and Heels ; you feem fo bleft.
When with no Bumper-Invitation preft.
But (hould Mxcenas bid his Poet wait
(Great Folks, like him, can never fup, 'till late)
Sptt<r
• 30. Laudas feeurum 0/0*.] Our Poet Is perfe^Uy fiaeere in «««
knowledging the Faults of hte own Chara£ler, as particularly where
he fays of himfelf, tutus parvula /aud; quum ri§ itfiuum. S A n.
33« 8¥b Imitut frima,} What th« Mi» caU«d fifrtm /»/«,
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2s6 Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib. 2,
'Conviyam ? Ncmon' oleum fcrt ociSs ? ecquis
Audit ? cum magno blateras clamore, fugifque, 35
MulWus k fcuiTXy tibi non referenda precati,
Cifcedunt. £tenim fateor me, dixerit ille,
Duci ventre levem : nafum nidore fupinor :
Imbecillus, iners, fi quid vis, adde, poj^no.
Tu, quum iis quod ego, & fortaflis nequior, ultro 40
Infedere, vdut melior, verbifque decoris
Obyolvas vitium ? Quid, fi me ftultior ipfe
Quingentis emto drachmis deprenderis ? Aufer
Me vultu terrere ; manum flomachumque teneto,
Dum, quae Crifpini docuit me janitor, edo. 4;
Te conjux aliena capit, mefgtncula Davum,:
Peccat uter noftrum cruce dignius ? Acris ubi me
Natura incendit ; fub dara nuda lacemi
Dimittit neque famofum, neque folicitum« ne
Ditior aut formas melioris meiat eodem. 50
Tu, quum projedlis infignibus, annulo equefh-i,
Romanoque habitu, prodis ex judice Dama
Turpis, odoratum caput obfcurante lacerna;
Non es quod fimulas ? metuens induceris, atque
Altercante libidinibui tcgmis ofTa pavore. g^
Quid
the fettingSun t adfum primam, at Candle-Lig^t. The Romam
genenlly Aipped at three or four in the ETcning, bat Maeoenaa
could not fup fo early, as he was engaged in BuSnefs*
36. MmIvhis'] Was a Buffoon, who intending to fup with Ho-
race, loads him with Imprecations For difappointing him. Muhm
is of fufBcient Authority, and is found in the beft Mannfcripts of
feveral Authors, collated by Dr. Bentley.
45. S^ Cri^ni docuit mt janitar*] This is meer Malice in Da-
ws, to insinuate that his Matter's Vices muft be publicly known,
when the Porter of a Family, where he was very little acquainted,
could be fo well informed of themt But the Poet with equal Ad-
drefs difappoints the Accuiktion by ihewing, that it may be juftly
fufpeded, fince it is formed againft him by a domeftic of a Plulofo-
pher, who was his open ZnvBoy, and whom he alw^a txeated with
CpAtemptt 5a« PrMtu
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Sat. 7- The. Satires op Horace. 2^7
Sputtering with idle Rage the Houfe you rend,
«* Where is my EiTence ? Rogues, what, none attend ?" '
M^'hile the Buffoons, you promised to have treated.
Sneak ofF with Curfes — not to be repeated.
I own to fome a Belly-flave I fecm ;
1 throw my Nofe up to a iavoury Steam :
Or Folks may call me, carelefs, idle Sot,
Or fay I pledge too oft the other Pot :
Bat ihall the Man of deeper Vice like you.
With Malice unprovok*d my Faults purfue,
Becaufe with fpecious Phrafe^ and Terms of Art,
You clothe, forfooth, the Vices of your Heart ?
What if a greater Fool your Worihip's found.
Than the poor Slave you bought for twenty Pound I
Think not to fright me with that threatening Air,
Nay keep your Temper, Sir, your Fingers fpare.
While I the Maxims, fage and wife, repeat.
Taught me by Crifpin's Porter at his Gate.
You tempt your Neighbour's Wife ; an humble
Harlot
contents poor Davus— Who's the greater Varlet ?
When Nature fires my Veins, I quench the Flame,
And leave the Wanton with uninjurM Fame,
Nor fhall one jealous Care difturb my Breail,
By whom the Fair-one ihall be next pofTeft.
When you throw off thofe Eniigns of your Pride,
Your Ring, your Judge's Robe, and bafely hide.
Beneath a Slave's vile Cap, your eiTenc'd Hair,
Say, are you not the Wretch, whofe Clothes you wear ?
And
5«. Prodis exjuditi Dama,} Davus calls his Mafter a Judge, be-
eaufe Aaguftus had granted him the Privilege of wearing a Ring,
and a Robe, called Angufliclaviiiin. Thus he was in fome meafure
incorporated into the Bod^ of Roman Kni^ti, whom Auguftu*
appointed to dfitermine civil Caufe«* Da c.
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9$S Q:,H0KATII Fl^CCI SATlRAltVlt I.ib. 2.
Quid refcrt, ijri vifgts fisrroqiie necari
Autefitns eas ; an turpi daufiu in area.
Quo te demifit pcccaii confcia beriJiSy
CbntraAum, genibiu tangas ci|>at ? Eftne marito
Matrons peccantii in ambos jnfta poteflas } 60 \
In corryptorem vel juftior. Ilia tamen fe
Non habitu» motatfe loco, peccatve fiijtgrne ;
Qoum te fbrmidet mulier, ncque acdat amantL
Ibis Tub furcam prndeas, doaunoqoe fitrenti
Committes rem omnem k vitam Sc cum coipore famam.
EvaiU? metues, credo dodlufque cavcbis : 66
Quaeres, quando itenim paveas, iterumque periee
Poffis. O toties fervus ! quae bellua roytis,
Qfum icaiel effugit, mddit fe prava catenis ;
Non fum mosduis, ait. Neque ego, Hercnk, for,
ubi vaia 70
Pnetereo f^piens argeoiea. Toile perichmi.
Jam vaga profiliet fracius natum remotis.
Tune mihi dominut, rerom imperiii bominumque
|Tot tantifque minor? quern ter vlndi£bt quaterque
Impofita bau4 innymm mUeri fbrmidine privet ? 75
Adde (uper di^Us quod 3ion leviiW valeat : nam
Sivc vic^ius eft, qui fervo paret^ uti mos V^fler
56. Uriwfgii»] The People, who ibid thanftlves to a MaOer^f
Gladiatorty enj^aged in a Form or Bond, called muSerameuttim, to
fuflfer every thing, Sword, Fire, Whips, Chains and Death, 'they
were then nceived into the Pioleffion, and ftykd smShrati, Fsom
thence the Terms Ume to be ufcd for all Kinds of infamous £n^
gagements. Tori,
59. CtptrMBum, z^mhut tMg^M fi^tf] Faiflaflfe, in the Metiy
Wives of Windlbr, very humourouuy delqribes thi3 aukward Situs*
tion. A^«x/, te ht compajfed, like a good BilBoe, tn the Grcumfirence
9f» Peck ; Hilt to Point 5 Hetl to Head, It mi|ht, perhaps,^e wor-
thy of the Sagacity of our Critics upon Shakejpeare, to ixiquire,
whether he had not this Paflage of Horace in his view $ turpi cka^
fut km 4rc £ ■ 'ioiUraffum, genibux tMugoM espttt*
70. iVtfif fum mmtiui.] Our Poet really looked upon Adultery
with Horrour, but Davus imagines his MsAer't Viitve, iike h»
own Honefty, was an £ffe^ of Fear, 74, Fin"
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Sat. 7- The Satiuba of Horace. 259
And wliere*$ the Difference, whether you engage .
Through Scourge?, Wounds ^ Death, Co jnount the
Stage,
Or by the confcious Chamber-Maid are preft
Quite double. Neck and Heels, into a Chcft ?
Does not the Hufband's Power o*er both extend ?
Yet fhall his jufter Wrath on you defcend ;
For file ne'er ftroles abroad in vile Difguifc,
And when her lewder Wifhes higheft rife.
She daree but half indulge the Sin ; afraid.
Even by the Man ftie loves, to be betray 'd.
You take the Yoke, and to the Hufband's Rage
Your Fortune, Perfon, Life and Fanie engage.
Have you efcap'd ? Methinks, your future Care
Might wifely teach You to avoid the Snare.
'No, you with Ardour to the Danger run,
And dare a fecond Time to be undone.
Repeated Slave ! What Beaft, that breaks his Cliain,
In love with Bondage would return again ?
But you, it fcem?, ne'er touch the wedded Dame— .
Then, by the Son of Jove, I here difckim
The Name of Thief, when, though with backward Eye
'I wifely pafs the filver Goblet by. .
But take die Danger, and the Sliame ftway.
And vagrant Nature bounds upon her Prey,
Spuming the Rcim. But fay, ihall you pretend
O'er me to lord it, who thus tan:;ely bend
.To each proud Mafter ; to each changing Hour
A very Slave ? Not even the Praetor's Power,
'With thrice-repeated Rites, thy Fears controul.
Or vindicate the Freedom of thy Soiil. But
74. Vindiaa.} Was a Rod, which the Liaor laid on die Head of
a Perfon, whom the Praetor made free. PJautus calis k Fefiuta,
76. l^jtm finf m9^iut.\ The Rcxnans generally had a Maftcr-
Sfave
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a6o Q:^ HOFATII FlACCI &ATIRARUM Lib. 2.
Vefter ait, feu confervus : dbi quid fum ego ? Nempe
"niy mihi qui imperitas, aliis fervis mifer, atque
Duceris, otnervis alienis mobile iignum. 80
H0RATIU8.
Qoifnam igitur liber ?
Daws,
Sapiens ; (ibi qui imperiofas ;
Quern neque pauperies, neque mors, nee vmcula terrent :
Ref];{g{ifare cupidinibus, contemnere honores
Fords, Sc in feipfo totus ; teres atque rotundas,
Exteini ne quid valeat per leve morari ; 9$
In quexn manca rait Temper Fortana. Potefne
Ex his, at propriam, quid nofcere ? Quinqae talenta
Pofcit te mulier, vexat, foribufque repulfam
Perfundit geljda : rurfus vocat. Eripe turpi
Colla jugo : liber, liber fum, die age. Non qois, 9«
Urget enim mentem dominus non lenis, & acres
Sttbjedat Mb ftimulos, verfatque negantem.
Vel quum Paufiaca tg|yes, infane, tabella.
Qui peccas mmiis atque ego ? quum Falvi, Rutabacquei
Aut Placideiani contento poplite miror 95
Px^ia, rubrica pida aut carbone, ydut fi Re
Slave iA rrery Family, fervui ttrienjlt, and all their other SlaTW
were called by one common Name, wesrii. The fiHl, who com-
mands, is not le£i a Shive, than thofe who obev. To hear Men
talk, they ieem to aflert that Liberty for which they were bom { to
look into their Condad, they willingly multiply their Dependances
even to SkTery. In this general Serritnde,' the Great, prc^erly
fpeaking, are only Mafter-Slaves $ and in Proportion to their For-
tunes and Honours, pay a larger Tribute to their own Ambition
and Vanity, as well as to the Pride and Infolence of their Superiouis.
The^ are only different from the reft of Mankind, as their Servitude
is of larger Extent, anddifguifed under more fpecious Names. San.
80. Ntmfis aliinis tMbiie Jignum,'\ Lignum of the conmion Edi-
tions does not determine the Meaning of the Poet j befides thefe
Automatons, murofpafta, Jigilla automata^ were often made of Me-
tal or Ivory. That Men are a^ed by their Pa0!ors, as Puppets are
by Wires, is a Sentiment in Plato.
l^.'ttMiutptr^tiiuul The Meuphor is taken from A Globe,
sod
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Sat. 7. The Satires op Horace. a6c
But as the Slave, who lords it o'er the reft.
Is but a Slave, a Mafter-Slave at be'ft.
So art thou, infolent, by xne obeyed ;
Thou Thing of Wood and Wires, by others play'd.
Horace.
"Who then is free ?
Davus.
The Wife, who wdl maintains
An Empire o'er himfelf : whom neither Chains,
Nor Want, nor Death, with flavifh Fear infpire.
Who boldly anfwers to his warm Defire,
Who can Ambition's vaineft Gifts defpife.
Firm in himfelf who on himfelf relies,
PoliihM and round who runs his proper Courfe,
And breaks Misfortune with fuperior Force.
What is there here, that you can juftly claim.
Or call your own ? When an imperious Dame
Demands her Price, with Infults vile purfues thee ;
Driven out of Doors with Water well bedews thee.
Then calls you back 5 for (hame, (hake off her Chain»
And boldly tell her you are free — In vain ;
A Tyrant-Lord thy better Will retrains.
And fpuxs thee hard, and breaks thee to his Reins.
If fome fam'd Piece the Painter's Art difplays,
Transfix'd you ftand, with Admiration gaice ;
But is your Worfliip's Folly left than mine.
When I with Wonder view fome rude Defign
In Crayons or in Charcoal, to invite
The Croud, to fee the Gladiators fight ? Me-
and our Vices, are thofe Inequalities, which flop us in our Courfe
of Virtue* Our ableft Critics Dr. Bentle^, Mr. Cuningham and Sa-
nadon have corre^ed the Pun^ation ^ for they, who read in fiipfr
totttt teres atfug rttundut, confound two Qualities of the wife Man,
which the Poet jufUy diflinguiflies. RotwSk* iujeiffo does not form
any reafonable Senfe.
93. Faujiaca.} Paufias was a famous Flower-Painter. LucuIIut
gave a thottiand Crowns for at Pi^re in which he drew his MU
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26z Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. ^,
Re vera pugncnt, feriafit vitentqae morcntes
Arma viri. Nequam, &' cefiator Davus : at ipfe
Subtilis veterum judex, & caTlidus a\44is.
Nil ego, fi ducor libo famante : tibi ingens loo
Virtus, atquc animus coenis refponfat opimis.
ObfsauJuni ventris mihi perniciofius eft cur ?
Tergo p\g6tor cniip :■ qui tu impunitior ilia,
Quas parvo fumi nequeunt, obfonia captas ?
Nempe inamarefcunt epulae fime fine petitae, 105
Illu£que pedes vitiofum ferre recufant
Corpus. An hie peccat, fub noflem qui puer uvam
Furtiva m^t flrigili ? qui pj;^dia vendit.
Nil fervile gulx parens habet ? Adde, quod idem
Non horam tecum efTe potes, non otia rede iia
Ponere ; teqiie ipfum vitas fugitivus & ^o ;
Jam vino quserens^'jam fomno fallere curam :
Fruftra : nam comes atra premit, fequiturque fugacem.
HORATIUS.
Unde mihi lapidem ?
Davus.
Quorfum efl opus ?
HORATIUS.
Unde fagittas T
Davus.
Aut infanit homo, aut verfus facit.
HORA-
ftrefs Glyccfa fitting, and makhlg a Wreath of FlowefB. He was
a Cotemporary of Apelles.
96. Pralia, rubrica piSa,^ Mailers of Gladlatora hung the Pic-
tures of their beft Champions, fuch as Fulvius, Rutuba, or Placi-
ckianus, at the Door of the Houfe where they fought.
102. Mibi ptmiciofiut efi cur f ] Horace had no better Excufe for
indulging his Appetites than his not being afraid of the Laih, like a
Slave- Davus prevents this Objection by ihewing, he is fufficiently
chaftifed by the DiAcAipers, which his Luxury produces. Surely
then the Terrours, which they feel, are at leaft equal.
107. Uvam furtiva mutat ftrigW.'] YotfirigiUm uva mutatf as ift
the Art of Poetry, JilvafoliU natantur, for folia mutantur inftvis,
1 116. Acctdtt
,y Google
Sat. 7. The Satires or Horace. 263
^lethinks, in very Deed they mount the Stage,
And. feem in real Combat to engage ;
INow in ftrong Attitude they dreadful bend ;
I Wounded they wound ; thdy parry and defend :
[Yet Davas is with Rogue andRafcal grac'd.
But you're a Critic, and a Man of Tafle.
I am, forfooth^ a good-for-nothing Kimve,
When by a fmoking Eafty made a Slave :
In you it Ihews a Soiil eredl and great.
If you refuib even one luxurious Treat. -
Why may not I, like you, my Guts obey ?— — .
My Shoulders for the dear Indulgence pay.
But ihould not you with heavier Stripes be taught.
Who fearch for Luxuries, how dearly bought ?
For foon this endlefs, this repeated Feaft,
Its Relifli loft, (hall pall upon the Tafte ;
Then fhall your trembling Limbs refufe the Weight
Of a vile Carcafs with Difeafe replete.
How feldom from the Lafh a Slave efcapes.
Who trucks fome Trifle, that he ftole, for Grapes ?
And fhall we not the fervile Glutton rate.
To pleafe his Throat who fells a good Eftate h
You cannot fpend one vacant Hour alone ;
You cannot make that vacant* Hour your own,
^ A Seif-Deferter from yourfelf you llray.
And now with Wine, and now with Sleep allay
Your Cares ; in vain ; Companions black as Night, * •
Thy preffing Cares, arreft thee in thy Flight.
Horace.
Is there no Stone ?
Have I no Dart ?
Davus.
At whom, good Sir, to throw it ?
Horace.
Davus.
Wiiat Mifchief ails our Poet ?
He's
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sfif Qf^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. z.
HORATIUS.
Odtts hinc te iij
Ni rapb, accedes opera agro nona Sabino.
Ii6. Atetdis ofa^a,'] Optrs for firvus, SlaveSy who were em-
ployed in tilling their Lands, were generallv chained, fo that the
Tmeat was great enough to alarm Davus, and end the Converfation.
Dac.
Sat. VIIL
horatius. fundanius.
HORATIUS.
UT Naiidieni juvit tc coena bead ?
Nam mihi convivam qoxrenti, didus here illie
De medio potare die.
FUNDANIUS.
Sic, ut mihi nunquam
In vita fuerit meliiis.
HORATIUS.
Die (fi grave non eft)
Qas prima iratum ventrem placaverit efca.
FUNDANIU5.
In primis Lucanus aper ; leni fuit Auilro
Captus, ut aiebat coens pater ; acria circ^
Rapala,
Nafidienus having determined to give Mscenas an elegant Enter*
tainment, invited three Perfcns of firft Diftin^ion, in the Court of
Auguftus, to entertain his iUnftrious Gueft. Maecenas carries with
him two others of the fame Charadcr, and Nafidienus compleated
the Set with a Couple of Parafites and Buffoons. The Feaft is fuch
as we generally call a Mifer^s Feaft ; an ill-judged Expence and Pro-
fufion ; every Elegance of the Seafon, but either tainted by bong
kept too long, or fpoiled by a Cook, \^o mig^t well have forgotten
his Trade in a Mifer*s Kitchen. Yet their Hoft conmiends every
Difh with fuch an impertinent, ridiculous Affe£bition of Tafte, that
at laft he talks his Guefls out of his Houfe.
Vcrf. 1. Nafidieni,^ The Profody of this Verfe has much per-
plexcd our Conunentators. The fecoad Foot is a Spondee, by uniting
4 the
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S-at. 8. The Satires of IfoRAce. ^ 265
Eric's mad or making Verfes.
Horace. .
Hence, you Knave,
Or to my Farm I'll fend thee, the ninth Slave.
Sat. VHL
Horace, Fundanius.
Horace.
THEY told me, that you fpent the jovial Night
With Nafidienus, that fame happy Wight,
From early Day, or you had been my Gueft ;
But, prithee, tell me how you lik'd the Feaft.
Fun DAN I us.
Sure never better.
Horace. ' ' '
Tell me, if you pleafc.
How did you firft your Appetite appeafe.
Fundanius.
Firft a Lucanian Boar, of tender Kind,
Caught, fays our Hoft, in a foft fouthem Wind.
Around
the thiid and fourth Syllables ; a Licence which our Author haa
ufed inconjilitm, principium, vindemiator, &c. San,
3, De medio potare die,'] Nafidienus, to give himfelf an Air of a
Man of Tafte, dines three or four-Hours before the ufual Time; or
perhaps Fundanius ^ould infinuafte, that this was too folemn a Feaft
for vulgar Hours,
6. Lenifuit Atifro cap*usj] Either by buying it cheap, or keep-
ing it too long, the Boar was tainted 5 but our Hoft would infinu-
ate, that it had a particular Flavour by being taken when the Wind
was South, which made it delicate and tender.
«, Rapula,^ The Roots and Pickles were fuch as might beft, by
their Sharpnefs, overcome the tainted Flavour of the Boar, as well
as excite the Guefts to eat,
Vot. III. N 11. Can ^
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266 Q^ HoRtATii Flacci Satirarum Lib, z.
Rapula, la£lucae, radices, qualia laflum
Pervellunt ftomachum, fifer, aHec, faccula Coa.
His ubi fublatis, pucr alte cindlus acernam lo
Gaufape purpureo menfam pertcrfit, &: alter
Sublegit quodcunque jaceret inutile, quodque
Poffet coenantcs offendere : ut Attica virgo
Cum facris Cereris, procedit fj^cus Hydaipes
Caecuba vina ferens ; Alcon, ^um maris expers. 1 5
Hic herus : Albanum, Mseccnas-, five Falernum
Te magis appofitis dele<flat } habemus utrumque :
Divitias miferas.
HoRATIUS.
Sed queis coenantibus una,
Fundaniy pulchre fuerit tibi, nofTe laboro.
FUNDANIUS.
Summus ego, Sc prope me Vifcus Tliurinus, &,infra 20
(Si memini) Varius ; cum Seivilio Balatrone
Vibidius, quos Maecenas adduxerat umbras :
Nomen-
11. Gaufape purpurea,^ The TaMe waa made of Maple, a cheap
and common Wood, but Nalidienus, in an Air of polite Extrava-
gance, makes the Slaves wipe it with a purple Napkin. Dac.
12. Slaedqui pofftt cttnantes efindere,] Tfak wa» the Preten<^.
that nothing might offend his Guefts, but his Defign was th^ni);
thing might be loft. ]?
15, Cbiwm maris enferi.'] It was cuftomary te raixSea«-W-v.
with the ftrong Wines of Greece, but Fuadaiuus, when he telb
them, that the Wine Alcon carried had not a Drop of Water in it,
would have us underftand, that this Wine had never eroded the
Seas, and that it was an Italian Wine, which NafidienM recoro-
mended for Chian. Lamb,
18. Divitias mifirai,'] Albanian and Falernian Wines were the bell
of Italy ; but Nafidienus calls them watched, contemptible Riches,
that he may better recommend his pretended Chlan Wine. Dac.
Saw,
ao. Summus ego, &c.l If we fhould examine the Manner, in wbidi
the Romans fat, or lay at Table when they fupped, by the Priflt^
trhich are faid t6 be taken from fome ancient Monuments, we ftaa
find it impoffible to explain the prefent Entertaiofuetitf £ack
Goirfe
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Sat 8. The Satires of Horace. 267
Around him lay whatever could excite.
With pungent Force, the jaded Appetite,
Rapes, Lettuce, Radifhes, Anchovy-Brine,
With Skerrets, and the Lees of Coan Wine.
This Difh removed, a Slave expert and able
With purple. Napkin wip'd a maple Table.
Another fweeps the Fragments of the Feaft,
That nothing ufelefs might offend the Gueft.
At Ceres' Feaft as Attic Virgin walks
Solemn and flow, fo black Kydafpes ftalks
With right Caecubian and the Wines of Greece —
Of foreign Growth, that never crofs'd the Seas.
If Alban or Falernian pleafe you more,
So fays our Hoft, you may have both good Stert ;
Poor Wealth indeed ■
Horace.
But tell me, who were there,
Thus happy to enjoy fuch lufcious Fare ?
! FUNDANIUS.
^ Qn the firfl Bed Thurinas lay between
: Varius atid me, if haply right I ween ;
'; Servilius and Vibidius both were there,
' : ought hy Mscenas, and with him they fhare
Th«
i Ceurfe, «8 xeprefented in thoie Monuments, conHfted of only a
if fingle Di/h, aad this Ufage was fo general, that Catius boafts he
was the firft, who divided a certain Sauce into different Plates. But
it is impofliWe to conceive how every Gueft, according to the com-
mon Reprefentations, could reach to the fame Difli. Secondly, .
Nomentaaus pointed with his Finger to the Delicacies of each Ser-
vice, but while he lies at a^Corner of the Table (according to the
Prints) how could he diftinguifli the delicious Parts of a Diih, that
certainly was in the Middle of the Table, or how could he Ihcw
them to thofe, who lay on the other Beds ?
As our underftanding the Satire will in a great Meafure depend
upon our knowing in what Manner the Guefts were placed, a Plate
has been engraved after a Deftgn of Mr. Sanadon, which perfeaiy
N a . afr<te»
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26S Q^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. 2.
Nomentanus erat fupra ipfum ; Porclus infra,
Ridiculas totas femel abforbere placentas.
Nomentanus ad hoc, qui, fi quid forte lateret, z^
Indice monfbtiret digito. Nam cstera turba,
^os, inquam, ccenamus aves, conchylia, pifces,
Longe diflimilem noto celantia (uccum :
Ut vel continoo pifoity quiim paiTeris afli, atque
Ingjiftata mihi porrexerit ilia rhombi. 30
Poft hoc me docuit melimela rubere, minorem
iVd lunam deledta. Quid hoc interiit, ab ipfo
Audieris melivls. Turn Vibidius Balatroni :
NoSy niii damnofe bibimus, mon^mur iftulti ;
Et calices pofcit majores. Vcrtere pallor 55
Turn paj()chi faciem^ nil fie metuentis ut acres
Potores : vel quod maledicunt liberius ; vel
Fervida quod fubtile exTurdant vina palatum.
Jnvertunt AUifanis vinaria tota
Vibidius Balatroque ; fecutis omnibus : imi 40
Convivae le6li nihilum nocuere. lagenis.
Adfertur fqt^llas inter muraena natantes
In patina porredla. Sub hoc herus : Hsc gravida, inqait*
Capta
agrees with our prefent Ejitertainment^ nor have the common Fi-
gures any other Authority, than what depends on their Agreement
with ancient Authors.
24. Ridiculus totas ] Our Paraiites are well employed. One of
them commends the moft delicious Morfels ; the other thinks he
cannot better fhew how excellent the Pies and Cuftards are^ than
by fwallowing them whole. Dac.
a8. Longe dijgimilem noto.^ There it much Malice in the Ambi*
guity ftf this Expreflion. The Meats, being not over excellent in
their Kinds, were difguifed and concealed by Saaces and Seafoning.
Nomentanus declares their Tafte is very fingnlar, and Fundanius
their Kinds, were difguifed and concealed by Saaces and Seafoning.
Nomentanus declares their Tafte is very fingnlar, and Fundaniue
confefles, he had never eaten any thing like them. Dac. San.
jTi Poft me docuit melimelaj] The Difli was garnifhed with thefe
Apples. Seneca fays exprefsly, that it was cuftomary. Sa n,
38. Exfurdant 'vina palatum. 1 This Figure, applying to one Senfe
what belongs to another, has a particular Boldnefs and Beauty.
Virgil fays tJrdusfaf>or, and Pliny coiorfurdus, San.
J9. Iirvertunt AUifanis.] AUtJkna were large Cups made at Jl^
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Sat. 8. The Satires of Horace. 269
The middle Bed. Our Mafter of the Feaft
On the third Couch, in Seat of Honour plac'd,
Porcius betwixt and Nomentanus lies ;
Porcius, who archly fwallows Cuftard-pies.
Whatever of curious Relifti lay unknown
Is by Nomentane with his Finger fhown,
For we, poor Folk, unknowing of our Feaft,
Eat Fifh and Wild-Fowl— of no common Tafte.
But he, to prove how lufcious was the Treat,
With a broil'd Flounder's Entrails crouds my Plate,
Then told me. Apples are more ruddy bright.
If gathered by fair Luna's waning Light.
He beft can tell you where the Difference lies— —
But here Servilius to Vibidius cries,
** Sure to be poifon'd, unreveng'd we die,
*« Unlefs we drink the wretched Mifer dry.
*< Slave, give us larger Glafl'es.*' — Struck with Dread,
A fearful Pale our Landlord's Face o'erfpread 5
Great were his Terrours of fuch drinking Folk,
Becaufe with too much Bitcernefs they joke.
Or tliat hot Wines, difhonouring his Feaft,
Deafen the fubtlc Judgement of the Tafte.
When our two Champions had their Facers crown*d.
We did them Juftice, and the Glafs went round ;
His Parafites alone his Anger fear'd.
And the full Flafk unwillingly they fpar'd.
In a large Difti an outftretch'd Lamprey lies.
With Shrimps all floating round : The Mafter cries,
Thk
;</>, a Samnite Town. Vafa muft be underftood to agree with vU
naria, and pwulit with Alltfanis, The Tranflator ha« made ufc of
a Word, perhaps, never printed before, but well known amongft the
Friends of the Battle. A Facer is a Kind of technical Term for
a Glafs fo full, as not to be raifed cff the Table 5 the Perfon, who
drinks it, muft ftoop, aAd lay hisTa^tf to it.
43* ^< grmtfida,} lu^ep- were « ftnroorite Diih amoag the
N 3 ' Romans^
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270 Q^ HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. 2.
Capta ell ; deterior poft partum carne futura.
His miilam jus eil oleo, quod prima Venafri 45
Preflit cella ; garo de fuccis pifds Iberi :
Vino quinquenni, verum citra mare nato,
Dum coquitur : coflo Chium fie convenit, ut non
Hoc magis ullum aliud ; pipere albo, non fine aceto»
Quod Methymneam vi^o mutaverit uvam. 50
Erucas virides, in^las ego primus amaras
Monftravi incoquere j illotos Curtillus echinos,
Ut melius muria, quam tefta marina remittit.
Interca fufpenfa graves aulsea ruinas
In patinam fecere, trahentia pulveris atrt 55
Quantum non Aquilo Campanis excitat agris.
N08 majus veriti, poftquam nihil effe pericli
Senfimus, erigimur. Rufus pofito capite, ut fi
FiKus immaturus obiffet, ^ere. Quis efiet
Finis I ni fapiens fie Nomentanus amicum 6<x
Tolleret ; Heu ! Fortuna, quis eft crudelior in no&
•Te Deus ? ut femper gaudes illudere rebus
Humanis ! Varius mappa compefcere rifiim
Vix poterat. Balatro, fufpendens omnia nafo,
Haec eft conditio vivendi, aiebat ; eoque 65
JRefponfura tuo nunquam eft par fama labori.
Tene, ut ego accipiar lai^te, torq^erier omni
Solicitu^ine diftriAum ? ne panis aduftus,
JNTe male conditum jus apponatur ; ut omnes
Fraecin^i rede pueri comtique miniftrent? 70
Adde
Romails, but when pregnant, or when they had juft fpavmed, wert
little efteemed. Perhaps, they were cYcn thought dangerous, from
an Appreheniion, that they copulated with Serpents. Dac«
48. Dum coquitur } Nafidienus, being refolved not to be too pro-
digal of his Chian Wine, only poured a little of it into the Sauce
-when it was boiled. But he would willingly perfuade his Guefb,
that his Frugality was Matter of Tafte and Refinement.
54. Interta fufpenfa gravet. J Thefe Lines are of fuch herok
^onip, as to alarm a Reader^ and are therefore tranilated in a Pomp
ofBuricf^ue* 71*
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Sat. S. Thb Satires of Horaci. 27*1
This Fifh, Maecenas, big with Spawn was caught*
For after fpawning-time its Fiefh is naughts
The Sauce is mix'd with Ohve-Oil ; the beft,,
And pureft from the Vats Venafran preft.
And,, as it boil'd, we pour'd in Spanifh Brine,.
Nor Icis than five-year-old Italian Wine.
A little Chian*s better when *tis boil'd,.
By any other it is often fpoiPd.
Then was white Pepper o'er it gently pour'd»
And Vinegar, of Lefbian Vintage four'd.
I firft among the Men of Sapience knew
Roquets and Herbs in Cockle-Brine to ftew,,
Though in the fame rich Pickle, 'tis confeft,.
His unwalh'd Cray-fiih fage Curtillus drett.
But lo ! the Canopy, that o'er us fpreads^
Tumbled, in hideous Ruin, on our Heads,.
With Duft, how black ? not fuch the Clouds arife
When o'er the Plain a Northern Tempefl flies.
Some Horrours, yet more horrible, we dread.
But raife us, when we found the Danger fled.
Poor Rufus droop'd his Head, and fadly cried,.
As if his only Son untimely died.
Sure he had wept, till weeping ne'er had End,
But wife Nomentane thus up-rais'd his" Friend ;
•* Fortune, thou crueleft of Powers divine,
** To joke poor Mortals is a Joke of thine."
While Varius with a Napkin fcarce fupprefl
His Laughter, Balatro, who loves a Jeft,
Cries, fuch the Lot of Life, nor muft you dairn^
For all your Toils, a fair Return of Fame.
While you are tortur'd thus, and torn with Pain,
A Gueft like me, polite to entertain
With Bread well bak'd, with Sauces feafon'd right.
With Slaves in waiting elegantly tight,
DowQ
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a;* (^HoRATii Flacci Satirarum Lib. 2.
Adde hos prjctcrca cafus ; aulaea ruant fi,
Ut modo ; fl patinam pede lapfus frangat ag^o.
Scd consrivatoris, uti d^is, ingenium res
Advcrfae nuj^rc folent, celare fecundse.
Naiidienus ad hsec : Tibi Di, quaecunque preceris, 75
Commoda dent ; ita vir bonus es, convivaque cooils ;
Et foleas pofcic. Turn in ledo quoque vidcres
Stridere fecreta divifos aure fufurros.
Nullos his mallem ludos fpedafie.
HORATIDS.
Sed iUa
Redde, age, quae dcinceps riiifti.
Fundanius.
Vibidtus dum 80
Quaerit de pueris, num fit quoque frafta lagena.
Quod fibi pofcenti non dentur pocula; dumqac
Ridgtur fidlis rerum, Balatrone fecundo ;
Nafidiene, re^s mutatse frontis, ut arte
Emen4§turus fortunam. Deinde fecuti 85
Mazijjiomo pueri magno difcerpta ferentes
Membra gruis fparfi falc multo, non fine farre,
Finguibus & ficis paftum jecur anferis albi,
72, Pedt lapfus agafi,^ All this comfortable Speech is mecr Irony,
The Bread was burned 5 the Sauce iir made 5 the Servants auk-
wardly draft, and brought from the Stable to wait at Smtper^^tfjo;
yet poor Nafidienus takes it all in good Part, and thanks his Gueib
for their Good-nature.
77. Soleas pofcitj] That he might rife from Tabic The Guefts
laid their Slippers at the End of the Bed, when they Vent to Supper.
TORR.
8t. Num Jit quofue fraBa lagetia,'] Vibidius afks whether the
Groom had broken the Bottle, at the fame time that he broke the
Difli, for quoque certainly refers to patinam pede lapfut frangat agafe.
He feems to infinuate, that Nafidienus had given Orders to his
Slaves, not to be in too much hafle to fupply the GueAs with
Wiae^ but to let them call for it more' than oocet C s u<^. D a c.
84.. Nafi^
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Sat. 8. The Satires op Horace* 27$^
Down rufli the Canopies, a Trick of Fate,
Or a Groom-Footman ftumbling breaks a Plate.
Good Fortune hides, Adverfitjr calls forth,
A Landlord's Genius, and a Leader's Worth.
To this mine Hoft ; " Thou ever-gentle Gueft,
" May all thy Wiflies by the Gods be bleft,
*' Thou beft good Man" But when we few liim rife*
From Bed to Bed the fpreading Whiiper flies.
No Play was half fo fine.
Horace.
But, prithee, fay.
How afterwards you laagh'd the Time away.
FuNDANIUS.
Slaves, cries Vibidius, have you broke the Cafk ?
How often muft I call for t'other Flafk ?
With fome pretended Joke our Laugh was dreft,
Servilius ever feconding the Jeft,
When you, great Hoft, retum'd with alter'd Face,
As if to mend with Art your late Difgrace.
The Slaves behind in mighty Charger bore
A Crane in Pieces torn, and powder'd o'er
With Salt and Flower ; and a white Gander's Liver,
Stuff 'd fat with Figs, befpoke the curious Giver ;
Be*
84. Nafidient, redii.l The Spirit, with which Fuiulanhis Icavet
the Narration, and fpeaks to Nafidienus, is an Apoftrophe truly he.
roic. This Figure is frequently ufed by Homer and Virgil, to awake
an Attention in their Readers.
Mutate frontis] As Mr. Sanadon remarks, is an Expreflion like
homo excelientis ingenii, nor is it neceflary to apply to the Greek
Language to explain the MyAery.
88. Phguibus &Ji<ii.'] It appears by this Line, fays Mr Dacier,
that the Romans were fond of the Liver of a Goofe, fattened with
green FigS. But as this muft have been an expenfive Difh, our fru-
gal Hoft chofe rather to give his Guefts the Liver of a Goofe, fed
in the common manner ; but to make it appear fat and plump, he
ftuffed it with Figs. uUprU
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274 Qi,HoRATii Flacci Satirarvm Lib..
Et leporum avulfos, ut multo fuavius, armos,
Quam ii cum li^bb quis edit. Turn pedlore adufto 90
Vidimus & mfigulas poni| & fine ckne palumbes ;
Suaves res, {t non caufas narraret earum, &
Natural dominus : quern nos fie fugimus ulci>
Ut nihil omnino gultaremus, velut illis
Canidia afikflet, pejor ferp^ntibus Afris. 9/j
Anjeris albi.'] Our late Editions rea4 ^^t but then frems «
Mrhimfical Ridicule in the mafculine Gender. People of Tafte.<^
among the Romans were particularly fond of white Gcefc, as amonp ^
us all white -legged Fowl are pf politer Luxury*
S9. Et hporiin avuffis, f Nafidlenus here improves upbn the ^
Maxims of Catius. Since the Vings of Hares are fw«eter thaa
the Back^ he would have them dreiTed alone, »t multe fuavius fuam
^ cum lumbii,
91. Siuetlum paUmha.'] Our Hot bad probaft)l|r hflnght theft
Ring-doves a-chqap Penny-worth, fiace the Rumps, which are the,
moft delicious Part of the 8ird, were fo tainted u not to be Vrough|'«
to Tabjofc J
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S3.t. 8. The Satires or Horace. 275
Seiides the Wings of Hares, for, fo it feems,
I>Jo Man of Luxury the Back efteems.
Then faw we Black -birds with o'er-roafted Breaft,
And lo ! without the Rumps the Ring-Doves dreft,
X)elicious Fare [ did not our Hofl explain
^heir various Qualities in endlefs Strain,
Their various Natures ; but we fled the Feaft,
Refolv'd in Vengeance nothing more to tafte,
.As if Canidia, with empoifon'd Breath,
, . Worfe than a Serpent's, blafted it with Death.
91. Suavei ret."] Thefe were delicious Rarities, to be furcj but
their Hoft was even more infupportable than his Entertainment.
Therefore while he was impertinently philofophifing on the various
Nature and Qualities of every Diih, his Guefts left him to enjoy
his Wifdom, his FeaA and his Parafites.
End of the Sati r«s.
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