Full text of "Arkansas soft pine; satin-like interior trim, soft, workable common lumber"

See other formats

2553

UC-NRLF

ARKANSAS SOFT PINE
HAND BOOK

Hand Book

ARKANSAS
SOFT PINE

SATIN-LIKE INTERIOR TRIM

SOFT, WORKABLE COMMON LUMBER

TEXT AND MOULDING DESIGNS
Copyright 1919, Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau

GRADING RULES
Copyright, Southern Pine Association

Compiled by

Robert H. Brooks, Advertising
Little Rock, Ark.

While the Grading Rules included in this book
are those of the Southern Pine Association, they
are the identical rules upon which Arkansas Soft
Pine is graded. Only such of the rules as apply
to the Arkansas product are published herein. The
same holds true regarding, the Moulding Designs.

ARKANSAS SOFT PINE BUREAU

LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS

Page One

H a n &\ &jbt jK : i . /•"« ^

A 73

Aerie. -Forestry. Main Library

HANDBOOK con-

tains a concise but complete
description of Arkansas Soft
Pine as to species, origin, indi-
viduality, physical characteris-
tics, proper use and methods for
finishing and painting. It also
includes the Standard Mould-
ing Designs, graphically pre-
sented, and complete Grading
Rules.

This book is intended to serve the
architect as a manual and the
lumber dealer as a useful and
ready handbook and actuary.

Page Two

A' >f -k 'a', n ir; 'a '>$. : •£. bi'ftl>:P i n e

Characteristic Stand of Arkansas Soft Pine Timber

Page Three

491389

INDEX

Page

Arkansas Soft Pine, how to finish 10

Arkansas Soft Pine, weights of 11

Astragals 39

Aprons 21

Back Band 27, 28

Balusters 40, 41

Band 19

Base 221.34

Battens 18

Bead and Cove Casings 26

Bead Stops 18

Bed 14, 15

Blackboard 40

Board Measure, table of 11

Brick 15

Cap 30 to 32

Casings 22, 26, 27

Casings and Back Bands 27, 28

Chair Rail 20

Corner Beads 20

Cornice , 19

Coves 16

Crown 12 to 14

Door Trim 30 to 32

Drip Cap 25

Extension Jambs 36

Half Rounds 16

Head and Side Casings 30 to 32

Hook Strips 20

Lattice 25

Nosings 18

O Q Casings and Base 29

O O Stops 17

Panel 19

Panel Strips 21, 22

Partition Caps and Shoes 24

Pago

Pew Back Rail , 20

Plate Rail 42

P G Base 29

P G Stops 17

Picture 21

Porch Baluster Stock , 40,41

Porch Rails ..'. 41

Quarter Rounds ,.,. 16

Return Beads , >. . . 16

Rounds ,....".. 16

Screen , 18

Section of Frame for Brick Veneer and

Stucco Building , ,...,, 37

Section of Box Window Frame for Brick

Building ,,,.,.,,.,,,.,,, 38

Section Window Frame for Frame Building. 35

Shelf Cleat , ,,.,,,... 20

Sills , ,,,,,,,,,,, 37

Sill Course »..,,f ,.-,,,, ,,,,,., 35

Sills for Window Frames and Extension

Jambs ,..,..,,..,,,,.,.,,,,,,, 36

Sliding Door Banding ..,...,,,, 39

Stair Rail , 42

Stepping , , 41

Stops , 18

Sprung Cove ..,,,,,., 15

Three Member Base. 33

Threshold , , , 24

Three-quarter Rounds ,.,.,» 16

Wainscoting Caps ,,,....' 20

Window Frames, Sections of , . . , 35

Window Stools 23

Water Table .25, 35

Window and Poor Stops 17

Window Trim , 30 to 32

IINDEX TO GRADING RULES AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

Pajr«

Barn Siding 55

Barn Siding— Standard Bead 56

Base , 55

Bevel Siding v 64

Boards, Surfaced , 56

Boards, Rough' 59

Casing 55

Celling 53

Ceiling, Standard Working.., 45

Ceiling, New England or Boston "V" Ceiling,

photograph 62

Close Grain 49

Dimension, Sized 57-58

Dimension, Rough 58

Door Jambs 55

Drop Siding 54

Drop Siding, Standard Patterns. 44

Fencing, Surfaced 57

Fencing, Rough 59

Finishing, Dressed 50

Finishing, Rough 58

Flooring 62

Flooring, Edged Grain (Quarter Sawed),

photograph 62

Flooring — Heavy 60

Flooring, Heavy — Standard Bead 47

Pag*

Flooring, Standard 60

Grain, Defective 49

General Instructions 48

Grooved Roofing 56

Grooved Roofing — Standard Working 47

Joists — Heavy , 68

Knots 48

Lath, Byrkit 69

Lath, Byrklt— Standard Working • .. 59

Lath, Plastering 69

Partition 65

Partition, Standard Working 60

Patterns 45, 46, 47 and 62

Pickets 61

Pitch 48

Miscellaneous 49

Mouldings 55

Sap 49

Shiplap 55

Shlplap, 1 inch 47

Shiplap, Heavy 47

Standard Sizes 59 to 61

Timbers (See Separate Book of Rules).

Wagon Bottoms 64

Wane 49

Window Jambs . . , 65

Page Fottr

*A r k'afi id

HAND BOOK

ARKANSAS SOFT PINE

WHEREIN lies the difference be-
tween Arkansas Soft Pine and
Georgia Pine?" is one of the most
frequent questions regarding this
wood. The difference itself is pronounced
in every respect. Arkansas Soft Pine is a
superior quality of short leaf Yellow Pine
known botanically as "Pinus Enchinata."
Because of certain individual characteris-
tics, namely, its freedom from excessive
pitch, its light, soft, lustrous texture and
fine grain, this wood has long been in de-
mand among builders for certain uses in
preference to the more resinous heavy
species of other Pines of the South.

So-called "Georgia Pine" on the other
hand is of the "Pinus Palustris" branch
of the Pine family, more commonly termed
long leaf. It grows in all Gulf States from
Florida to Texas ; it is a heavy, dense, res-
inous wood adapted to uses calling for ex-
treme tensile strength, but has not proven
uniformly satisfactory for use as interior
trim, particularly under white enamel. In
the latter case, this has been due to its
marked tendency to stain the enamel from
underneath — owing to the action of the
resinous oil which works out of the wood
and through the flat white to the enameled
surface, thus causing discoloration.

INDIVIDUAL ADVANTAGES

The advantages of Arkansas Soft Pine,
therefore, lie in the merits enumerated
above in the first paragraph. These in-
dividual physical qualities render it partic-
ularly adapted to use as interior trim. It
also serves especially well as ceiling, lap.
siding, barn boards, shiplap, roofing,
sheathing and in all other items of the
lower grades. It should be stated also that
average stock from the Arkansas Soft Pine
log possesses adequate strength for all
tresses and loads to be expected in the con-
struction of residences as well as that of

rvice Bulletin No. 213

store and apartment buildings of moder-
ate size. Stock joists and rafters 2x6, 2x8,
2x10 and 2x12 inches for example will
serve with a wide margin of safety when
used over spans not to exceed 18 or 20
feet.

In this connection, Government tests
conducted by the Forest Service Depart-
ment* give the modulous of rupture on
short leaf at 7,710 pounds as against 8,630
for long leaf, the crushing strength at
3,560 pounds as against 4,280 pounds and
the shearing strength 702 radial and 704
tangential as against 1,060 and 953 pounds
respectively for long leaf.

Thus it is evident from the foregoing
figures that Arkansas Soft Pine dimension
may be safely employed for rafters even
in factories or warehouses where the spans
are not of extreme length.

For framing material in residential and
construction of similar character requir-
ing dimension, boards, shiplap, etc., Ar-
kansas Soft Pine will be found ultra-satis-
factory for the following reasons :

All piece stuff has more than ample
strength to carry loads of the class already
mentioned. Furthermore, it is a material
of great toughness of fiber which cuts
readily and yet does not split easily when
nailed. Consequently, close fitting, knife
joints are possible at all toe nails and
miters.

The same inherent, tough, resilient fiber
characterizes all common grades of inch
lumber. Boards, sheathing, etc., may,
therefore, be easily, yet securely nailed
with the minimum of effort. Carpenters
who have worked in all White Pine en-
dorse Arkansas Soft Pine as the nearest
approach to that famous wood in softness
and "workability." Due to those same
characteristics which include in addition,
the absence of excessive pitch, the wood
takes paint in a thorough-going manner

Page Five

ETb±

and holds it permanently without any
subsequent boiling out or oozing of the
pitch through the pigment. Properly
mixed lead and oil will adhere to Arkansas
Soft Pine over indefinite terms and will
require renewing only when the paint it-
self has yielded to the atmospheric ele-
ments.

"* Nearly three-fourths of all woods
employed for manufacturing purposes in
Arkansas is Short Leaf Pine ....
Short Leaf Pine in Arkansas is generally
considered of a higher grade than the same
species grown in other regions . *. . .
It is a favorite material for sash, doors and
ceiling and is well liked for flooring . . .
Short leaf grows faster than long leaf,
particularly during the first thirty or forty
years, and the sap wood is thick."

SPLENDID FLOORING-MATERIAL

Arkansas Soft Pine flooring is manufac-
tured in approximately ten grades from
heart, edge grain down to No. 2 common,
flat grain. (See grading rules, pages 52
and 53). Edge grain (quarter sawn), is
especially desirable for flooring and admits
of no pieces in which the angle of the grain
exceeds 45 degrees from vertical to any
point. The most satisfactory pattern
measures 13/16x3 inch nominal (2^4 inch
face) and usually runs 8 feet to 20 feet in
length, the greatest percentage being 10
feet to 16 feet. In the finished floor, the
longer lengths reduce the number of end
joints as compared to hardwood flooring,
which in turn must be. accepted as short
as 18 inches. With Arkansas Soft Pine, a
room of any width from 8 to 18 feet may
be laid in one length of flooring, thereby
eliminating end joints entirely and sup-
plying a completed floor of mirror-like
smoothness. The finished floor, when
properly scraped and sanded, will take any
desired treatment in stains, varnish, gloss
or waxed and produces a long wearing
floor of attractive appearance. (See form-
ulas, page 10.)

t"Inside and outside trim for houses is
manufactured from short leaf. (Do not
forget that short leaf in Arkansas is of
a higher grade than any other.) It is
widely used for flooring and is recom-
mended both by its aopearance and be-
cause of its wearing qualities ; it responds
readily to oils, wax and other floor finishes

*Foreet Service Bulletin 106
tForeet Service Bulletin 99

and dressings. — "Plaster lath are products
of the short leaf Pine forests. Many of the
larger lumber mills of the South, particu-
larly in Arkansas . . . advertise their
short leaf as a specialty."

AN IDENTIFIED PRODUCT
For the purpose of assisting buyers in
securing this identical material when they
so specify, the manufacturers of Arkansas
Soft Pine, composing the Arkansas Soft
Pine Bureau, have adopted the registered
trade mark appearing on the title page of
this book. This emblem is an identification
whereby the architect for example may
assure himself that his client actually
receives the material chosen. The mark
itself is in turn a guarantee of reliable
material, behind which stand the manufac-
turers whose product must adhere to
established standards of grade and quality
to earn the privilege of identification
afforded by the mark.

DEPENDABLE WOOD LATH
Before going into details as to interior
trim, brief consideration of Arkansas Soft
Pine lath will be well worth while.

These lath are very light in weight and
color, are strictly uniform in manufacture,
may be had %xiy2 inches x 32 inches or
48 inches in length and when employed,
will not warp, buckle or twist. They
weigh but 500 pounds per thousand in 48
inch lengths and are virtually free from
knots, have little or no wane or hard
flinty streaks and other common defects.
The soft texture and tough fiber, combined
with the absence of pitch make them light
to handle and easy to nail, without any
tendency to split. They are thoroughly
dried and can be relied upon to supply a
dependable wall backing. Builders who
have forsaken wood lath because of having
received fuzzy, sappy, hard blue stock, will
find in Arkansas Soft Pine lath a material
which will more than justify their return
to wood. Costing notably less than lath of
other material, they supply a plaster
backing on which full reliance may be
placed.

YOUR QUESTION ANSWERED
Why should the Arkansas product be
superior to short leaf or other regions? is
a natural question. The answer will be
f ouHd in the following :

Page Six

*"In Arkansas, in the hilly and moun-
tainous regions on both sides of the Ar-
kansas River are over 19,000 square miles
in extent of short leaf pine which forms a
large part of the tree covering of the
siliceous, rocky soil and frequently ex-
tensive forests on the wide table lands.
On the uplands of yellow loam south of
the hills (the exact location of the Bureau
mills), the tree predominates, especially
on the low ridge of gravel and loam."
Thus it is established that the Arkansas
Short Leaf is virtually a Simon Pure
species, for which reason, the Arkansas
tree amid salubrious and favorable en-
vironment, unaffected by parasite or en-
croaching growths of other species, at-
tains perfection.

The same report continues regarding
short leaf as a whole: "Freer from resin-
ous matter, softer, more easily worked
. . . the lumber of short leaf pine is
often preferred by the cabinet maker and
house carpenter. It is principally used for
lighter frame work in buildings, for
weather boarding, floorings, ceiling. . .

. casings for windows and doors and
for frames and sash of all kinds."

"The sapwood is clearly defined, being
quite broad and often in very old trees,
forms fully one-half the total volume of
the trunk. In thirteen trees 100 to 150
years old, the average width of sapwood
was found to be about 4 inches, while often
in trees over 150 years old, its average
width was 3 inches. In the former case,
the sapwood estimated 65% to 70% of
the volume of the logs. In the latter,
50% to 55%, while in a set of trees 50 to
100 years old, it formed fully 80% of all
the wood. The change from sapwood to
heart wood begins when the tree is about
25 to 30 years old and is retarded more
and more with age, so that in old trees, as
many as 80 or even 100 rings are counted
in the sapwood while in young and thrifty
trees, not more than 30 to 40 occur.

"As in other pines, the butt is 15% to
20% heavier than the top and the wood
of the inner 40 to 50 rings excels in weight
arid strength the wood of the outer part of
old logs."

Referring to the foregoing paragraph,
it is from the heavier butt logs that floor-
ing stock is cut in order to take advantage
of the more dense growth which in the

•Division of Forestry Bulletin No. 13 revised edition.

Arkansas Soft Pine

finished product will stand up under hard
wear. Heart face, edge grain, Arkansas
Soft Pine flooring is practically indestruct-
ible. It is made from the same class of
stock as was used for ship decking in the
prime days of America's Merchant Ma-
rines by the shipbuilders along the South-
eastern coast of the United States.

CHARACTER OF FINISH STOCK

It is from the thick, clear sapwood with
its fine, lustrous texture and virtual ab-
sence of resinous oils that the highest
grade of interior finish is manufactured
and it is because of the large percentage
of this clear material peculiar to South
Central Arkansas timber that Arkansas
Soft Pine attains its maximum of value,
merit and beauty when employed as in-
terior trim.

Owing to the physical characteristics
already enumerated, combined with well
balanced absorbing qualities— due to the
absence of pitch — interior trim of this
wood will take stains and enamels with
thoroughly satisfying results. A wide
choice of figure is possible, due to the
variety of grain, and by selection, certain
patterns of bold or conservative figure
can be assembled for the complete finish-
ing of individual rooms. Patterns which
resemble the more rare and costly woods
can be thus chosen and with appropriate
color treatment be made to supply a rich
woodwork at moderate cost. When stains
or enamels are applied, the first coat of
stain or lead and oil is absorbed to a proper
degree of penetration.

INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT

Contrary to the necessary shellacing or
filling of certain pine, which is required to
first neutralize the rosin or inherent oily
qualities, the stain or flat white coats are
applied directly to the raw wood of Ar-
kansas Soft Pine first. Thus the stain
or white lead is evenly absorbed and a
perfectly smooth base upon which to
build up the satin-like surface is estab-
lished. It is when stains or the flat white
must work their way through a priming
coat of shellac or fitter that streaky,
blotchy results are experienced, to say
nothing of raised grain. In using Arkan-
sas Soft Pine, however, this contingency
is definitely avoided.

Page Seven

PROPER SANDING IMPORTANT
A prime pre-requisite is that flat faced
finish shall be machine sanded. If the local
lumber yard is not equipped with such ap-
paratus, the work may be done for a nom-
inal charge at any first class planing mill.
This method is preferable as it insures a
smooth, polished surface on the natural
wood and eliminates the liability of scuf-
fing as is so often done when the wood is
worked on the bench by hand with a steel
scraper or block and sand paper. After
coming from the machine, the pieces
should be wrapped in paper as a precaution
against finger-marks and dust and handled
with due care until delivery to the job is
made.

After installation and when the painter
begins his work, the applied finish is, by
nature of the wood, tenaciously and thor-
oughly embraced by the tough resilient
fiber so that it actually becomes an in-
tegral part of the wood itself. A fixed
surface is thus established and as the
wood ages, it likewise hardens and thus
provides the base upon which the final
treatment retains its luster.

PROPERLY BALANCED
ABSORPTION

Any prejudice which may have existed
against soft woods as interior trim, has
been due in part to the tendency of some
of them to over-absorb the varnishes or
enamels. While Arkansas Soft Pine is a
soft wood, it is not of that cork-like soft-
ness which literally "drinks up" oils and
varnishes. The tough fiber prevents just
that possibility.

Particular emphasis is laid on the merit
of this wood as a base for white enamel.
The absence of rosin or oil content in-
sures against any possibility of staining
the white surface from underneath. The
close fiber takes the flat white coat with a
perfectly uniform absorption, nor is any
trouble experienced with raised grain, as
the fine texture of the wood has no such
tendency. The enameled coats therefore,
when finished, are perfectly smooth and
the ultimate result equals in every respect
that which is obtained on the more costly
woods so frequently recommended.

Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau

Page Eight

Arkansas Soft Pine

Typical Figure in Arkansas Soft Pine Interior Trim

Page Nine

Hand Book

How to Finish Arkansas Soft Pine

Arkansas Soft Pine Is an Ideal wood for finishing, owing to Its fine texture and close grain. So pronounced Is
this grain that many successful reproductions of oak, mahogany and other effects can be obtained with it. It Is
also well adapted to white enamel finishing, as unlike some species of Pine, it absorbs the undercoating and enamel
evenly, giving a finish of mirror- like smoothness. Moreover, this wood positively will not discolor the enamel from
underneath. For this purpose, it is an unnecessary expenditure of money to use any more costly wood, as white
enamel hides the surface over which it is applied. As in the finishing of all woods, best results are secured only
by using the right stain, varnish or enamel. When quality materials are selected and carefully applied, the result
leaves little to be desired in beauty or permanency.

NATURAL FINISH

INTERIOR TRIM

1 coat of Liquid Wood Filler.

2 coats of Interior Trim Varnish.

Left in gloss, rubbed dull or polished as desired.

FLOORS

8 coats of best Floor Varnish.

EXTERIOR WORK

1 coat of Floor Varnish.

2 coata of Exterior Varnish.

STAINED FINISHES WITH GLOSS VARNISH

Oil Stains are best adapted to Arkansas Soft Pine In the following shades: Light Oak, Dark Oai, Weathered Oak, Cherry,
RoKwood. Walnut, Golden Oak, Forest Green, Antique, Mahogany and Dark Mahogany. Following are the specifications:

INTERIOR TRIM

1 coat of Oil Stain.

1 coat of Liquid Wood Filler.

2 coats of Interior Trim Varnish.

Left in gloss, rubbed dull or polished as desired.

FLOORS

1 coat of Oil Stain.

2 or 3 coats of Floor Varnish.

EXTERIOR WORK

1 coat of Oil Stain.

1 coat of Floor Varnish.

2 coats of Exterior Varnish.

DULL VARNISH FINISH

The following specification produces a dull, velvety finish, but
applies only to interior trim, as a Dull Varnish should not be
used on floors or exterior work. The Weathered Oak Stain i«
almost always finished in this way.

INTERIOR TRIM

1 coat of Oil Stain.

1 coat of Liquid Wood Filler.

1 coat of Dull Varnish.

SILVER GRAY EFFECT

The popular Silver Gray effect requires special treatment,
differing from the other color effects, and Is best obtained with
an Acid Stain. Acid Stains are primarily intended for hard
woods and not for soft woods such as Arkansas Pine, but for
a Silver Gray Effect on Arkansas Pine there is no better method
than the specifications listed below. This specification Ik not
suitable for floors or exterior work.

INTERIOR TRIM— DULL VARNISH FINISH

1 coat of Silver Gray Acid Stain.
1 coat of White Paste Filler.
1 coat of Shellac.
1 coat of Dull Varnich.

ENAMEL FINISH

In "enamel finishing particularly it is extremely Important
that all knots are given a thin coat of pure white shellac
before finishing. Where a dull finish is wanted without the
expense of nibbing use an "Egg--ghell" Enamel.

INTERIOR TRIM

1 coat of Pure White Lead mixed with equal parts of Linseed

Oil and Turpentine, with a small amount of Dryer
added.

2 coats of Enamel Undercoating.
2 coati of Enamel.

Left In gloss or rubbed dull as desired.

GENERAL DIRECTIONS

PREPARATION OF SURFACE

The surface for a varnish or enamel finish should be cleaned
and sandpapered smooth with No. 0 or No. 00 Sandpaper.
Touch up any knots or sappy places with pure white Shellac.
Machine sanding Is always advised when possible.

Apply evenly with a varnish brush. Allow 24 hours to dry.
Turpentine added to Oil Stains gives a lighter shade. Wiping
off an Oil Stain with a soft cloth about five minutes after it Is
applied also produces a lighter shade, and this is always done
with Antique, Weathered Oak and Golden Oak Stains, also for
a lighter shade of Forest Green.

Before applying the Silver Gray Acid Stain the wood should
first be sponged with cold water and sandpapered when dry.
Also sandpapered again when the stain is dry, which is not
necessary when using an Oil Stain. Add water to make Silver
Gray Acid Stain lighter.

HOW TO APPLY LIQUID WOOD FILLER, SHELLAC,
VARNISH AND ENAMEL

Apply evenly with a varnish brush of a size adapted to the
work In hand. Allow Shellac and Liquid Wood Filler 24 hours
to dry; Floor Varnish and Interior Trim Varnish 48 hours.
Allow Exterior Varnish 4 days to dry, as well as the final coat
of Interior Trim Varnish when it is to be rubbed or polished.
Sandpaper each coat of Liquid Wood Filler, Shellac or Varnish
when dry before applying the next coat, with No. 00 or No. 0
Sandpaper.

HOW TO OBTAIN A RUBBED OR POLISHED FINISH

To rub Varnish to a dull finish use a piece of rubbing felt
about four inches square dipped alternately in finely pulverized
pumice stone and crude oil or pulverized pumice stone
and water. For a very dull finish use hair cloth or
curled hair, crude oil and a coarse grade of pumice stone.
When oil is used, after the gloss is thoroughly removed the
work should be wiped off with clean, soft cloths or cotton
waste. When water is used, the surface should be washed
with water and dried with a chamois skin, then oiled off with
linseed or rubbing oil used sparingly on a soft cloth or cotton
waste. The water rub method Is the only one suitable for
rubbing White Enamel.

For a polished finish carry out the water rub method to the
point of oiling off, then rub with rotten stone and oil or rotten
stone and water. Where rotten stone and water is used, finally
apply a little rotten stone to the palm of the hand, bringing up
the high polish by the friction of the hand. After the surface
has been polished, oil off In the same manner as described above
for the water rub finish.

COVERING CAPACITIES

Liquid Wood Filler and Stains — about 500 square feet p«r
gallon; Varnish, Shellac and Enamel — about 600 square feet per
gallon.

HOW TO REFINI8H OLD WORK

If in good condition, clean and sandpaper and apply a coat
or two of varnish; if in bad condition, or it is desired to stain
a different color, remove the varnish with varnish remover and
finish as for new wood. The old finish need not be removed
where enamel is to be applied, but preliminary touching up of
all chipped places with the enamel or paint is desirable before
giving the entire surface the first coat.

NOTE — We are indebted to Pratt & Lambert, Inc., the well-known varnish makers for the above specifications and directions.
They will be glad to answer any questions regarding the finishing of Arkansas Soft Pine. Address the Advisory Department, Pratt
& Lambert, Inc., 75-97 Tonawanda Street, Buffalo, N. Y.

Page Ten

Arkansas S oft Pine

Table of Board Measure

LENGTH IN FEET

Size in

Inches

2 x 4 . .

654

954

1054

1354

1454

1754

1853

2154

2x6.

2 x 8i

1354

1853

2150

2653

2954

3453

3754

4253

2 xlO.

1654

2353

2653

3354

3653

43 y3

4654

5354

2 x!2.'

2 x!4.

2354

3254

3754

4653

5154

6054

6554

74?4

2 x!6.

2653

3754

4254

5354

5853

6954

7454

8554

2%xl2.

2956

405/6

4653

52%

5854

6456

7554

8154

87%

9354

9V rlfi

3354

4653

5354

6653

7354

8654

9354

100

10653

3x6.

3 x si

3 xioi

3 x!2i

3 x!4 i

• 70

105

112

3 xl6i

104

112

120

128

4x4.

1354

1853

2154

2653

2954

3453

3754

4253

4x6.

4 x 8i

2654

3754

4254

5854

6954

7453

8554

4 xlO.

3354

4653

5354

6653

7354

8654

9354

100

10653

4 x!2.

104

112

120

128

4 x!4.

4654

6554

7454

9354

10234

112

12153 .

13053

140

14954

6x6.

6x8.

104

112

120

128

6 xlO.

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

6 x!2

108

120

132

144

156

168

180

192

6 x!4.

112

126

140

154

168

182

196

210

224

6 x!6.

112

128

144

160

176

192

208

224

240

256

8x8.

5354

7454

8554

10654

11754

128

13853

14954

160

17054

8 xlO.

6654

9354

10653

120

13354

14653

160

17354

18654

200

21354

8 x!2.

112

128

144

160

176.

192

208

224

240

256

8 x!4.

9354

112

13054

14954

168

18654

20554

224

24253

26154

280

29854

10 xlO.

8354

100

11653

13354

150

16654

18354

200

21653

23354

250

26653

10 x!2.

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

10 x!4.

11654

140

16354

18653

210

23354

25653

280

303h

32653

350

37354

10 x!6.

13354

160

18654

21354

240

26653

29354

320

34653

37353

400

42653

12 x!2.

120

144

168

192

216

240

264

288

312

336

360

384

12 x!4.

140

168

196

224

252

280

308

336

364

392

420

448

12 x!6.

160

192

224

256

288

320

352

384

416

448

480

512

14 x!4.

16354

196

22854

26154

294

32653

35954

392

42453

45754

490

52253

14 x!6.

18654

224

26154

29853

336

37354

41054

448

48553

52253

560

B9754

Average Weights of

Arkansas Soft Pine

When Worked to Standard Size

DRY

'Flooring, !Jx2i4 1,800

Flooring, tfx3% 2,000

Flooring, tfx5% 2,200

Ceiling, 3/8 900

Ceiling, % 1,100

Ceiling, 5/8 1,400

Ceiling, % 1,700

Partition, % 1,800

Siding, from inch stock 1,000

Siding, from U4 inch stock 1,250

Drop Siding, % and Moulded Casing. 1,800

Moulded Base 2,000

Finish, inch S 1 S or S 2 S 2,500

Finish. 1%, 1% and 2 inch, S 1 S or S 2 S 2,700

Finish, 1, 1%, 1% and 2 inch, rough 3,200

*For hollow back flooring deduct 100 IDS.

SHIPPING DRY

Shiplap and D. & M., % 2,200

Grooved Roofing 2,400

Common Boards and Fencing, 1x4, 6, 8, 10 inch,

S 1 S or 2 S to 13/16 2,500

Common Boards, 1x12, S 1 S or 2 S to 13/16. . . 2,600
Common Boards and Fencing, 1x4, 6, 8, 10 inch,

rough 3,300

Common Boards, 1x12, rough 3,400

2x4, 2x6 and 2x8, S 1 S 1 B to 1% 2,500

2x4, 2x6 and 2x8, rough 3,300

2x10 and 2x12, S 1 S 1 E to 1%.. 2,600

2x10 and 2x12, rough 3,300

GREEN

2x14 and 3x12, S1S1E 8,500

2x14 and 3x12, rough 4,200

3x4 and 6x6, S 1 S 1 E 3,500

4x4 and 6x8, rough 4,200

8x8 and over, rough 4,200

Plastering Lath, dry 500

Byrkit Lath, dry 1.860

Page Eleven

Hand Book

CROWN MOULDINGS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twelve

Arkansas Soft Pin

CROWN MOULDINGS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirteen

Hand Book

CROWN and BED MOULDINGS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Fourteen

Arkansas S oft Pin

SPRUNG COVE, BED and BRICK MOULDINGS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Fifteen

Hand Book

COVES, QUARTER ROUNDS, HALF ROUNDS AND ROUNDS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Sixteen

Arkansas Soft Pine

WINDOW AND DOOR STOPS

8093

y2 x 254

$2.50

8540

54 x iy8

$1.25

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Seventeen

Hand Book

•TcL

$1.00 $1.00

8563

4 x &

8570

STOPS, NOSINGS and SCREEN MOULDINGS

3560 8561 8562

8571

y* x y8 g^

$1.00 t^Tn ^

$1.00

$1.75

8124

1H x 2
$3.75

8125

1^ x 2}4
$5.00

8132

ft x ^

$1.00

8139

SCREEN MOULDINGS

8610

8611

54 x &

$0.80

8142

« x 1#
$1.75

$1.00

O. G. BATTS

8151

M x 2J4
$2.50

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Eighteen

Arkansas Soft Pine

PANEL, BAND and CORNICE MOULDINGS

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Nineteen

Hand Book

HOOK STRIPS

WAINSCOT CAPS .

CORNER BEAD

SHELF CLEAT

8256

CHAIR RAIL

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty

Arkansas Soft Pine

APRONS

PICTURE MOULDINGS

PANEL STRIPS

8655

8656
x 254 $2.50

8667

x 254

$2.50

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE— All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-one

SQUARE MEMBERS, CASING and BASE

8706

y* x 454

10.00

8394

x 4

15.60

PANEL STRIPS

8660

x 2

$3.00

8657

x 254

$2.50

8424

x 75
$8,00

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-two

Arkansas Soft Pine

WINDOW STOOLS

8$66

& x 3J4
$3.50

8268

» x 4

$7.85

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-three

8695
x 3
$7.00

PARTITION CAP
and SHOE

8696

x 2

$7.60

THRESHOLD

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

'III •— ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^*^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Page Twenty -four

Arkansas Soft Pine

LATTICE

8280

$0.85

8282

$1.00 $1.40

DRIP CAPS and WATER TABLE

8283

x 1

$3.30

8284
J* x
$3.75

8285
* x 2
$4.55

8286

15* x 3

$5.40

8287
* x 3*/2
$6.20

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-five

CASINGS

8289

x 4%
$5.00

8290

x 42
$6.00

8308

x 3

$4.20

8309*

t x 4^

$5.00

*Also 8309^ measuring 24 x 4J4 in. $5.50

8310
x 4

$6.00

8311

x s

$6.00

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount,
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-six

Arkansas Soft Pine

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-seven

CASINGS and BACK BANDS

8378

A x 1

$2.36

8309

y4 x 414

$5.CO

8713
* x 1
$2.35

8705

x 4

$5.00

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty -eight

Arkansas Soft Pine

P. G. BASE and O. G. CASING and BASE

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — -All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Twenty-nine

Hand Book

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty

Arkansas Soft Pine

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-one

Hand Book

CAP TRIM

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-two

Arkansas Soft Pine

THREE-M EMBER BASE

8420

34 x 254

$2.75

8741

34 x 554
$6.50

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-three

Hand Book

8426

y4 x 754

$8.00

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-four

Arkansas Soft Pine

SECTION WINDOW FRAME for FRAME BUILDING

WATER TABLE

SILL COURSE

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty -five

Hand Book

SILLS for WINDOW FRAMES and EXTENSION JAMBS

•
EXTENSION JAMBS

8855

* x 4

$5.50

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty -six

Arkansas Soft Pine

SECTION of FRAME for BRICK VENEER and STUCCO BUILDING

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — Ail Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty -seven

Hand Book

SEC ION of BOX WINDOW FRAME for BRICK BUILDING

8441

iy& x 2

$3.75

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-eight

Arkansas S oft Pine

i «1»M>»*»«*«B

ASTRAGALS

30 cents net each

SLIDING DOOR BANDING

$1.00

$1.75

30 cents net each

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Thirty-nine

Hand Book

BLACKBOARD MOULDINGS

PORCH BALUSTER STOCK

8920

x i

$2.90

8063

4 x j,
$1.00

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Arkansas S of t Pine

PORCH and BALUSTER STOCK

STEPPING

O. G. Finished
Size same as
S 4 S Finish

Add $3.00

to S 2 S

Finish Price

Rolind Edge
Finished Size

same as
S 4 S Finish

Add $3.00

to S 2 S

Finish Price

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Forty-one

Hand Book

PLATE RAIL

INDEX TO MOULDINGS BY NUMBER

Page No.

12 80OO

12 8OO2

12 8OO3

12 8OO4

12 8OO5

12 8OO6

13 8007

13 8008

13 8OO9

13 .....8O1O

13 8O11

13 8013

13 8014

14 8015

14 8010

14 8017

14 8O18

14 8O19

14 8O2O

14 8021

14 8023

16 8O24

15 8O25

15 8O26

16 8O29

ICu 8O3O

15 8O31

15 8O38

15. ., 8O33

15 8O35

15 8036

15 8O37

15 8O38

15 8O42

15 8O46

IS 8O48

16 8051

1« 8054

Size

x 35

Page No.

16 8055

16 8O57

16 8O59

16 8O6O

16 8061

16, 40 8O63

16, 24 8O64

16, 33 8O65

16 8066

16 8066%

16 8O67

16 8075

16 8076

16 8077

16 8O78

16 8079

16 8O8O

17 8O82

17 8O83

17, 38 8084

17, 35 8O85

17 8O86

17 8O89

17 , 8O9O

17 8O91

17 8O93

17 8094

17 8O95

17 8O96

17 8O97

17 8O98

17 8115

17 8116

17 8117

17 8118

17 8119

17 8120

18 8123

18 ... ...8124

Size

Prices quoted are for 100 Lineal Feet of Moulding and are subject to Discount.
NOTE — All Mouldings are shown actual size

Page Forty -two

! '"• ' " ' ' '" * ' * * * * *•-

Arkansas Soft Pine

INDEX TO MOULDINGS BY NUMBER— Continued

Page

18...

18....

18. . . .

18....

18. . . .

18....

19....

19 ....

19....

20....

20. ...

21.

No.

.8185
.8131
.8132
.8139
8140
.8141
.8143
.8145
.8146
.815O
.8151
.8161
.8167
.8174
.8177
.8178
.8180

Size

.8238
.8242
.8256

.8258
.8263
.8264

21 8365

23 8266

23 8267

23 8268

23 8269

•23 8269%

24 8271

24 8273

24 8274

24 8278

25 8280

25 8281

25 8282

25 8283

25 8284

25 8285

25 8286

25 8287

26 8289

26 829O

20, 26, 28 83O8

26, 28 83O9

26 8310

26 8311

27 , 8341

27 834»

27 8358

27 8359

27 8368

27 8374

28 8378

29 8384

29 8385

29 8386

28, SO. 8387

30 8389

30 8393

22, 30, 31, 37, 38 8394

30 8395

30 8396

22, 30, 32 8397

30 8398

31 8399

31 840O

31 84O1

31, 32 84O8

32 841O

33 8414

33 8415

33 842O

33 8421

33 8422

22, 34 8424

34 8426

33 8427

35 843O

35 8431

35, 37, 38 8432

36 8439

36 844O

37, 38 4 8441

38 8443

88 8444

Page

No.

39 8446

41 8453

41 , 8454

41 , 8455

42 8457

14 8520

16 853O

16 8531

16 8532

16 8535

17. 37 8540

17 8541

17 8542

17 8543

17 8544

18 8560

18 8561

18 8562

18 8563

18 8564

18 857O

18 8571

18 8600

18 861O

18 8611

19 8619

19 8620

19 8621

19 8623

19 8624

20 8626

20 8627

20 8638

20 8629

20 8635

20 8636

23 8638

20 8640

21 8641

21 8643

21, 22 8655

21, 22 8656

21, 22 8657

21 8658

21 8659

21, 22 866O

21 8665

21 8667

23 8669

24 8695

24 8696

24 8700

22, 27, 28 8705

27 8706

27 8707

28 8711

28.... ...8713

28 8713

29 8716

32 8721

32 8733

33 8740

33 8741

34 8790

34 8828

34...: , 8829

42 8833

35 884O

35 8850

35 8851

36 8855

87 ...8800

37 8863

38 8865

39... 8875

39 8876

39 889O

39 8891

40 89OO

40 89O1

40 89O3

40 893O

40 8921

40 8932

x 2

x 1*

Page Forty-three

Hand Book

:=ra

Arkansas Soft Pine Drop Siding

Adopted at Memphis, Tenn., Jan. 16, 1901
Revised at New Orleans, La., April, 1915

Worked Shiplap

: x 5V4 over all. allow Yy inch
for Lap

Worked Tongue

Groove. % x SVi over all
5V4 in Face

O Cj XSTAMDAeD

o->
O

"STANDARD r-1 ~

3 5

1 ' p oo

•STANDARD 5 r

Orders for Stock should conform
to above numbers

SB.

Nil

> .

> ,,.

sft HS5 £15

-hr

,«£!

13 t

O '

Tj-

tu
_G

O
O

r'int i HIP/

Forty-four

Arkansas S of t Pine

ifiEL

•

Standard Sizes and Patterns of Arkansas
Soft Pine Ceiling

^J-inch Ceiling
Shiplapped

^B-inch Ceiling
D. &M.

Ceiling

92-1

— >

L h '*•"

'*"' J

16 |

JriT li-

& r

k3-

,« he

Tfc

i '
5*2-

5Z.

3£

Jk",

j. i- 'V

|^-"

•

'16

P\r~

y-y

IT;

_/' '° M^

- 16

"i _»

•-^f

•£

Ceiling

h Ceiling

.52^-

li'

\k'

IV
55-

32"

lo'

J.'

8 •

sr i

Page Forty -five

Hand Book

STANDARD SIZES OF HEAVY FLOORING

el/

_Z"
i&

tr> N

— i«0

N|^

>&j

2x6 FLOORING

GROOVED FOR SPLINES

si1

IF SURFACED ON TWO SIDES

2fi

V|N

Forty-six

Arkansas Soft Pine

STANDARD GROOVE FOR GROOVED ROOFING

8 INCH, 10 INCH and 12 INCH SHIPLAP (STANDARD)

STANDARD

PATTERN

BYRKIT LATH

STANDARD BEAD FOR 1 INCH BARN SIDING

tL — i

- JYT-

32
».' If

V N

i'-

32'

/Ts1"
^?

jS
jp

— •— ^

Center bead to be the same if stock is desired worked with a center bead

Page Forty-seven

Hand Book

Grading Rules

for

Arkansas Soft Pine Lumber

General Instructions

ECOGNIZED defects in Arkansas Soft
1\ Pine are knots, knot holes, splits
(either from seasoning, ring hearts or
rough handling), shake, wane, red heart,
pith, rot, rotten streaks, worm holes,
pitch, pitch pockets, torn grain, loosened
grain, seasoning checks, sap stains, crooks
and defects caused by manufacturing.

A crook is a deflection edgewise from a
straight line in the length of a piece. The
extent of crook shall be determined by
drawing a straight line from end to end of
the piece on the concave edge, and measur-
ing from such line to the edge of piece at
the point of greatest deflection.

KNOTS
2. Knots shall be classified as follows :

fPin,

SIZE^ Standard,
[Large.

fRound,

FORMAL .,

LSpike.

Sound,

[Pith and Unsound.

3. A PIN KNOT is sound and not over
!/2 inch in diameter.

4. A STANDARD KNOT is sound and
not over I inches in diameter.

over

6. A ROUND KNOT is oval or circu-
lar in form.

7. A SPIKE KNOT is one sawn in a
lengthwise direction.

(The mean or average diameter of knots
shall be considered in applying and con-
struing the rules except in dimension.)

A LARGE KNOT is one any size
inches in diameter. ,

8. A SOUND KNOT is one solid across
its face, is as hard as the wood it is in ; may
be either red or black, and is so fixed by
growth or position that it will retain its
place in the piece.

9. A LOOSE KNOT is one not held
firmly in place by growth or position.

10. A PITH KNOT is a sound knot,
with a pith hole not more than ^4 inch in
diameter.

11. An ENCASED KNOT is one whose
growth rings are not intergrown and
homogeneous with the growth rings of the
piece it is in. The encasement may be
partial or complete, if intergrown partially
or so fixed by growth or position that it
will retain its place in the piece, it shall
be considered a sound knot; if completely
intergrown on one face, it is a water-tight
knot.

12. An UNSOUND KNOT is one not
as hard as the wood it is in.

PITCH

13. PITCH POCKETS are openings
between the grain of the wood contain-
ing more or less pitch or bark, and shall
be classified as small, standard and large
pitch pockets.

14. A small pitch pocket is one not
over I/Q of an inch wide.

A standard pitch pocket is one not over
% of an inch wide, or 3 inches in length.

A large pitch pocket is one over % of
an inch wide or over 3 inches in length.

A pitch pocket showing open on both
sides of the piece y$ of an inch or more in
width, shall be considered the same as a
knot hole of equal size.

15. A pitch streak is a well-defined ac-
cumulation of pitch at one point in the
piece, and when not sufficient to develop

Page Forty-eight

Arkansas Soft Pine

a well-defined streak, or where fiber be-
tween grains is not saturated with pitch,
it shall not be considered a defect.

A small pitch streak shall be equivalent
to not over 1/12 the width and 1/6 of the
length of the piece it is in.

A standard pitch streak shall be equiva-
lent to not over 1/6 the width and l/$ of
the length of the piece it is in.

WANE

16. Wane is bark, or the lack of bark,
or a decrease of wood from any cause, on
the edge of the piece.

SAP

17. Bright Sap shall not be considered
a defect in any of the grades provided for
and described in these rules. The re-
striction or exclusion of bright sap con-
stitutes a special class of material which
can only be secured by special contract.

18. Sap stain such as usually occurs in
the drying process, or which occurs as a
result of shipping lumber green, when so
ordered, shall not be considered a defect in
any of the grades of Common Lumber.

CLOSE GRAIN

19. "Close Grain." The term "close
grain" shall mean an average of not less
than six annular rings to the inch.

DEFECTIVE GRAIN

20. Chipped grain consists in a part of
the surface being chipped or broken out
in small particles below the line of the
cut, and, as usually found, should not be
classed as torn grain and shall not be con-
sidered a defect.

Torn grain consists in a part of the
wood being torn out in dressing, and is of
four distinct characters — slight, medium,
heavy and deep.

Slight torn grain should not exceed
1/32 of an inch in depth, medium torn
grain 1/16 of an inch, and heavy torn
grain % of an inch. Any torn grain
heavier than Vs of an inch shall be termed
deep.

Loosened grain consists in a point of
one grain being torn loose from the next
grain.

MISCELLANEOUS

21. Firm red heart shall not be con-
sidered a defect in any of the grades of
Common Lumber except as herein spec-
ified.

22. Defects in rough stock caused by
improper manufacture and drying will re-
duce grades, unless they can be removed
in dressing such stock to standard size.

23. All stock, except Dimension, shall
be inspected en the face side to determine
the grade. In stock surfaced one side
only, the dressed surface shall be con-
sidered the face side. Stock rough or
dressed two sides, or common boards cen-
ter matched, or shiplapped and S. 2 S.,
the best side shall be considered the face
side, but the reverse side of all such
stock should not be more than one grade
lower.

24. Imperfect manufacture in dressed
stock, such as torn grain, loosened grain,
slight skips in dressing, wane, broken
knots, mismatched, insufficient tongue or
groove on Flooring, Ceiling, Drop Siding,
etc., shall be considered defects, and will
reduce the grade according as they are
slight or serious in the effects on the use
of the stock.

25. Pieces of Flooring, Drop Siding or
Partition, with 3/16 of an inch or more
of tongue, and pieces of Ceiling with */8 of
an inch or more of tongue, and pieces of
Shiplap with 5/16 inch of lap will be ad-
mitted in any grade.

Pieces of Flooring, Drop Siding, Ceil-
ing or Partition, having not less than
1/16 of an inch tongue, will be admitted
in No. 2 Common.

Pieces of Shiplap having less than 5/16
of an inch and not less than y$ of an inch
lap shall be admitted in No. 2 Common.

One-sixteenth of an inch lap admitted
in No. 3 Common Shiplap.

26. In all grades of D and Better
Flooring, and No. 1 Common and Better
Ceiling, Drop Siding, etc., wane on the
reverse side, equivalent to one-third the
width and one-sixth the length of the
piece, provided the wane does not ex-
tend into the tongue or groove, is ad-
missible.

27. The grade of all regular stock shall
be determined by the number, character,

Page Forty -nine

Hand Book

position and location of the defects visible
in any piece. The enumerated defects
herein described admissible in any grade
are intended to be descriptive of the
doarsest pieces such grades may contain.

28. Lumber and timber sawed for
specific purposes must be inspected with
a view to its adaptability for the use in-
tended. Material not conforming to
standard sizes shown herein and that is
intended for agricultural implement com-
panies, wagon companies, car manufactur-
ing companies, railway companies, etc.,
shall be governed by special contract and
inspection.

29. The standard lengths are multiples
of 2 feet, 4 to 24 feet inclusive, for Boards,
Fencing, Dimension, Joists and Timbers;
multiples of 1 foot, 4 to 20 feet, inclusive,
for Finishing, Flooring, Ceiling, Siding,
Partition, Casing, Base, Window and
Door Jambs— except as hereinafter speci-
fied. Longer or shorter lengths than those
herein specified are special. Special frac-
tional lengths, when ordered, will be count-
ed as the next higher standard length.

30. The standard widths for lumber,
S. 1 S. or S. 2 S., or rough, excluding
Dimension, shall be multiples of 1 inch —
3 inches and up in width.

81. Stock width shipments of No. 1
Common and Better, either rough or
dressed on one or two sides, shall be
accepted as standard where not more than
20 % of any shipment is *4 inch scant on 8-
inch and under ; % inch scant on 9 and 10-
inch; 1/2 inch scant on 11 and 12-inch and
wider ; pieces narrower than the above, and
pieces in excess of 2Q% of the shipment
that are of the minimum measurement
above given, should be measured as of the
next lower standard width and not reduced
in grade (for width of No. 2 Boards and
Fencing, see pages 56 and 57 ; for width of
dimension see Sections 90 and 98.)

32. Arkansas Soft Pine shall be classi-
fied as to grain as Edge Grain and Flat
Grain.

Edge Grain has been variously desig-
nated as rift sawn, vertical grain, quarter
sawn, all being commercially synonymous

DRESSED ARKANSAS
Sizes. Finishing shall be dressed to the
following :

1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16;
1%,-ineh S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1% ;

terms. Edge grain stock is especially de-
sirable for Flooring and admits no piece
in which the angle of the grain exceeds 45
degrees from vertical at any point.

33. All dressed stock shall be measured
and sold strip count, viz.: Full size of
rough material necessarily used in its
manufacture.

All sizes 1 inch or less in thickness shall
be counted as 1 inch thick.

34. In standard manufacture of Fac-
tory Flooring, Decking, or thick dressed
and matched stock, and stock grooved for
splines, and for thick Shiplap, the finished
width shall be i/^-inch less over all than
the count or measured width of the rough
material used in manufacture, and the
tongue and lap shall be measured to de-
termine the finished width, and face meas-
ure shall not be standard.

35. "Equivalent" means equal, and in
construing and applying these rules, the
defects allowed, whether specified or not,
are understood to be equivalent in damag-
ing effect to those mentioned applying to
stock under consideration.

36. No arbitrary rules for the inspec-
tion of lumber can be maintained with
satisfaction. The variations from any
given rule are numerous and suggested by
practical common sense, so nothing more
definite than the general features of dif-
ferent grades should be attempted by rules
of inspection.

37. Inspection of lumber is not an exact
science and a reasonable variation of opin-
ion between inspectors should be recog-
nized; therefore, a variation of not more
than 5 per cent upon reinspection should
not disturb the original inspection.

38. Lumber must be accepted on
grade in the form in which it was shipped.
Any subsequent change in manufacture
or mill work will prohibit an inspection
for the adjustment of claims, except with
the consent of all parties interested.

39. The foregoing general observations
shall apply to and govern the application
of the following specifications :

SOFT PINE FINISHING.

iy2-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1% ;

2-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1% inches.

These thicknesses also apply when S. 4
S.

Page Fifty

1 x 4 — S. 4 S. shall be 3% inches wide
finished ;

1 x 5 — S. 4 S. shall be 4% inches wide;

1 x 6 — shall be 5% inches wide, fin-
ished ;

1 x 7 — 6% inches ;

1 x 8 — 71/2 inches ;

1 x 9 — 81/2 inches ;

1 x 10 — 91/2 inches;

1 x 11 — 101/2 inches ;

1 x 12 — 111/2 inches.

The foregoing widths shall also apply
to stock thicker than 1 inch.

Width. Stock widths of Finishing,
either rough or dressed, on one side or two
sides, shall be accepted as standard where
not more than 20% of any shipment is 14
inch scant on 8 inch and under; % inch
scant on 9 and 10 inch ; and 1/2 inch scant
on 11 inch and 12 inch and wider; pieces
narrower than the above, and pieces in
excess of 20% of the shipment that are of
the minimum above given, should be
measured as of the next lower standard
width and not reduced in grade.

Lengths. Standard lengths are 8 to 20
feet and in shipments of mixed lengths,
five per cent of 8 or 9-foot in grade of C
and Better shall be admitted.

(The above percentage of short lengths
is customary, and in the interest of con-
servation will be included, so far as prac-
ticable, in all shipments of mixed lengths.)

Grades: A, B and C.

Arkansas S oft Pine

40. "A" FINISHING, inch,
and 2-inch, dressed one or two sides, up to
and including 12 inches in width, must
show one face practically clear of all de-
fects ; except that it may have such wane
as would dress off if surfaced four sides.

13-inch and wider "A" Finishing will
admit two small defects or their equivalent.

41. "B" FINISHING, inch, 11/4,
and 2-inch, dressed one or two sides, up
to and including 10 inches in width, in
addition to the equivalent of one split in
end which should not exceed in length the
width of the piece, will admit any two of
the following or their equivalent of com-
bined defects: slight torn grain, three
pin knots, one standard knot, three small
pitch pockets, one standard pitch pocket,
one standard pitch streak, five per cent of
sap stain, or firm red heart; wane not to

exceed 1 inch in width, i/4-inch in depth
and 1/6 the length of the piece; small
seasoning checks.

11-inch and wider "B" Finishing will
admit three of the above defects or their
equivalent, but sap stain or firm red heart
shall not exceed 10 per cent.

42. "C" FINISHING, up to and includ-
ing 10-inch in width will admit, in addi-
tion to the equivalent of one split in end
which should not exceed in length the
width of the piece, any two of the follow-
ing, or their equivalent or combined de-
fects: 25 per cent of sap stain, 25 per
cent firm red heart, two standard pitch
streaks, medium torn grain in three places
in one piece, slight shake, seasoning
checks that do not show an opening
through, two standard pitch pockets, six
small pitch pockets, two standard knots,
six pin knots, wane 1 inch in width, 14
inch in depth and ^ the length of the
piece. Defective dressing or slight skips
in dressing will also be allowed that do
not prevent its use as finish without
waste.

11 and 12-inch "C" Finishing will ad-
mit one additional defect or its equivalent.
Pieces wider than 12 inches will admit two
additional defects to those admitted in 10-
inch or their equivalent, except sap stain,
which shall not be increased.

Pieces otherwise as good as "B" will
admit of twenty pin worm holes.

43. Special. In case Jboth sides are de-
sired A, B or C grade, or free from all
defects, special contract must be made.
Defective dressing or slight skips in
dressing, on the reverse side of Finishing,
are admissible. (See Sections 23. 24 and
35.)

PANEL SHOP

44. PANEL SHOP is 10 inches and
12 inches wide, all lengths from 8 to 20
feet or longer. It must be practically
free from pitch streaks, but may contain
any kind of defects that can be removed
by cross-cutting the board: such defects
must be limited in number and location
so that cross-cutting to remove them will
not consume more than one-quarter of
the length of the piece, and the residue
of the piece shall be suitable for Nos. 1
and 2 Panel, and all lengths 18 inches and

urnnrTiiTTrn^T i i i

Page Fifty-one

Hand Book

longer, but such residue shall not be con-
sidered to be of any special stock length,
but will represent the balance of the board
after the defects as above named have
been removed.

No. 1 Panels must be practically free
from defects on both sides and well man-
ufactured.

No. 2 Panels up to 24 inches long will
admit any one of the following defects,
which may show on both sides: One
small sound knot not to exceed ^4-inch
in diameter; one small pitch streak; one
small pitch pocket, the equivalent of V8-
inch wide and 1/16 of an inch deep ; slight
sap stain, slight defect in manufacture.
Panels over 24 inches long will admit two
of the above knots or pitch pockets if not
grouped.

Sizes. D AND BETTER, 1 x 3, 1 x 4
and 1x6 inches shall be worked to 13/16
of an inch by 2%,, 2V2, 3^ and 5*4
inches.

1*4 inch Flooring shall be worked to
1-1/16 inches thick and l1^ inch Floor-
ing shall be worked to 1-5/16 inches thick,
the same width and the same matching as
1-inch stock. (See cuts on pages 44-62.)

Lengths. Standard lengths 4 to 20 feet,
with not to exceed five per cent of 8-foot
or 9-foot lengths in mixed length ship-
ments of B and Better, and in addition
five per cent of 6-foot or 7-foot in C. D.
and No. 1 Common, and in addition five
per cent of 4-foot or 5-foot in No. 2 Com-
mon; No. 3 Common Flooring 4 to 20 ft.
inclusive.

(The above percentage is allowed in all
shipments of mixed lengths, even though
the number of feet of each length be spe-
cifically stated.)

Grades. A, B, C, D, No. 1 Common, No.
2 Common and No. 3 Sheathing (or No. 8
Common Flooring), Flat Grain; and A, B,
C, D, and No. 1 Common Edge Grain.

45. Special. Defects named in Floor-
ing are based upon a piece manufactured
from 1 x 4 — 12 feet, and pieces larger or
smaller than this will take a greater or'
lesser number of defects, proportioned to
their size on this basis, except that stand-
ard knots shall not exceed IVi-inches in
diameter in 3-inch flooring.

45-A. The amount of crook permissible
in No. 1 Common and Better Flooring may
be as follows :

16 feet lengths as a basis for 3-inch
widths, 3 V^ -inch crook.

16 feet lengths as a basis for 4-inch
widths, 3-inch crook.

16 feet lengths as a basis for 6-inch
widths, 2 1/2 -inch crook.

46. "A" FLAT FLOORING must be
practically free from defects on the j:ace
side and well manufactured.

47. "B" FLAT FLOORING will ad-
mit any two of the following or their
equivalent of combined defects: 5 per
cent sap stain, 15 per cent firm red heart,
three pin knots, one standard knot, three
small pitch pockets, one standard pitch
pocket, one standard pitch streak, slight
torn grain, small seasoning checks.

48. "C" FLAT FLOORING will ad-
mit any two of the following defects or
their equivalent of combined defects; 15
per cent of sap stain, 25 per cent of firm
red heart, two standard pitch streaks;
medium torn grain, or other machine de-
fects that will lay without waste; slight
shake that does not go through, or sea-
soning checks that do not show an open-
ing through, two standard pitch pockets,
six small pitch pockets, two standard
knots or six pin knots, twelve pin worm
holes.

49. EDGE GRAIN FLOORING shall
take the same inspection as Flat Grain,
except as to the angle of the grain. (See
Sec. 32.)

50. HEART FACE EDGE GRAIN
shall be free from sap on face side.

51. "D" FLAT FLOORING will ad-
mit the following defects or their equiva-
lent of combined defects: Sound knots
not over one-half the cross section of the
piece in the rough at any one point
throughout its length; three pith knots,
pitch, pitch pockets, sap stain, firm red
heart, seasoning checks that do not show
an opening through, shake that does not
go through, a limited number of pin worm
holes well scattered, loosened or heavy
torn grain, or other machine defects that
will lay without waste.

Page Fifty-two

Pieces otherwise as good as "B" Floor-
ing may have one defect (like a knot
hole) that can be cut out by wasting 11/2
inches of the length of the piece, pro-
vided both pieces are 16 inches or over in
length after cutting out such defects.

52. No. 1 COMMON FLOORING is
the combined grade of C and D Flooring,
and will admit all pieces that will not
grade "B," and are better than No. 2
Common.

53. No. 2 COMMON FLOORING
admits all pieces that will not grade as
good as "D" flooring that can be used for
cheap floors without a waste of more than
one-fourth the length of any one piece.
(See Sec. 25.)

54. No. 3 SHEATHING (OR No. 3
COMMON FLOORING) will admit all
pieces that cannot be used as No. 2 Com-
mon Flooring, but are still available as
cheap sheathing or lathing without a
waste of more than one-fourth the length
of any one piece.

54- A. Standard Matched Flooring to be
surfaced two sides with scored back.

55. CENTER MATCHED FLOOR-
ING (Or S. 2 S. and C. M.) shall be re-
quired to come up to grade on one side
only, and the defects admissible on the
reverse side of standard matched shall be
allowed.

56. No. 1 COMMON FACTORY
FLOORING will admit of sound knots
not over one-half the cross-section of the
piece at any point throughout the length;
pitch pockets, sap stain, shakes that do
not go through, firm red heart, seasoning
checks which do not show an opening
through the piece, wane one-fourth inch
deep on the face, a limited number of pin
worm holes well scattered, loosened or
heavy torn grain or other machine de-
fects which will lay without waste, and
pith knots which will not cause a leakage
of grain. (See Sees. 34 and 122.)

CEILING

Sizes. Ceiling shall be worked to the
following: %-inch Ceiling, 5/16-inch; Vfc-
inch Ceiling, 7/16-inch; %-inch Ceiling,
9/16-inch; 3^-inch Ceiling, 11/16-inch;
same widths as Flooring. The bead on all
Ceiling and Partition shall be depressed
1/32 of an inch below surface line of

piece. (For drawings scaled to actual size
see page 45.)

Lengths. Standard lengths are 4 to 20
feet. Five per cent of 8 or 9 feet is al-
lowed in mixed length shipments of B and
Better Ceiling, and in addition five per
cent of 6 or 7 feet in No. 1 Common, and
in addition five per cent of 4 and 5 feet in
No. 2 Common.

(The above percentage is allowed in all
shipments of mixed lengths, even though
the number of feet of each length be specif-
ically stated.)

Grades: A, B, No. 1 and No. 2 Common.

57. Special. Defects named in Ceiling
are based upon a piece manufactured from
1 x 4 — 12 feet, and pieces larger or smaller
than this will take a greater or less num-
ber of defects, proportioned to their size
on this basis.

57-A. The amount of crook permissible
in No. 1 Common and Better Ceiling may
be as follows :

16 feet lengths as a basis for 3-inch
widths; 3 Vfc -inch crook.

16 feet lengths as a basis for 4-inch
widths. 3-inch crook.

16 feet lengths as a basis for 6-inch
widths, 2 1/2 -inch crook.

Lengths longer or shorter than 16 feet
may have a proportionate amount of crook.

58. "A" CEILING must be practically
free from defects on the face side and well
manufactured.

59. "B" CEILING will admit of any
two of the following defects or their
equivalent of combined defects: slight
torn grain, three pin knots, one standard
knot, three small pitch pockets, one stand-
ard pitch pocket, one small pitch streak,
small seasoning checks, 15 per cent sap
stain, 15 per cent firm red heart, six pin
worm holes.

60. No. 1 COMMON CEILING will
admit the following defects or their equiv-
alent of combined defects: sound knots
not over one-half the cross-section of
piece in the rough; sap stain, pitch, pitch
pockets, firm red heart, slight shake,
neavy torn grain, seasoning checks that
do not show an opening through; de-
fects in manufacture that will lay with-
out waste, a limited number of pin worm
holes well scattered.

Page Fifty-three

Han

Pieces otherwise as good as "B" Ceil-
ing may have one defect (like a knot
hole) that can be cut out by wasting IVa
inches of the length of the piece, pro-
vided both pieces are 16 inches or over in
length after cutting out such defects.

61. No. 2 COMMON CEILING ad-
mits of all pieces not as good as No. 1
Common that can be used without waste
of more than one-fourth the length of any
one piece. (See Sec. 25.)

WAGON BOTTOMS

Sizes. Wagon Bottoms, unless other-
wise ordered (see Sec. 28), shall be made
in sets of 38 and 42 inches face, and from
stock 4 inches or over in width. Standard
thickness shall be 13/16 of an inch.

Grades: A and B.

62. WAGON BOTTOMS, unless other-
wise ordered (see Sec. 28), shall be
graded the same as "A" and "B" Flat
Flooring.

DROP SIDING

Sizes. D. and M. (dressed and
matched), shall be worked to %x3*4 and
514 inches face, 3!/2 and 5Va inches over
all. Worked Shiplap to %x3-inch face,
3!/2 inches over all; %x5-inch face, 5^2
inches over all.

Patterns that are not shown on Page 44
of this book are considered special.

Lengths. Standard lengths 4 to 20 feet,
five per cent of 8 or 9 feet is allowed in
mixed length shipments of "B" and Bet-
ter Drop Siding, and in addition five per
cent of 6 or 7 feet in No. 1 Common, and
in addition five per cent of 4 or 5 feet in
No. 2 Common.

(The above percentage of short lengths
is customary t and in the interest of con-
servation will be included, so far as prac-
ticable, in all shipments of mixed lengths.)

Grades: A, B, No. 1 and 2 Common.

63. Special Defects named in Drop
Siding are based upon a piece manufac-
tured from 1x6 — 12 feet and pieces larger
or smaller than this will take a greater or
lesser number of defects, proportioned to
their size on this basis.

63-A. The amount of crook permissible
in No. 1 Common and Better Drop Siding
may be as follows :

16 feet lengths as a basis for 4-inch
widths, 3-inch crook.

16 feet lengths as a basis for 6-inch
widths, 2i/2-inch crook.

Lengths longer or shorter than 16 feet
may have a proportionate amount of crook.

(For Grades of 8-inch and wider Barn
Siding see Sees. 76 and 78.) (For size see
Sec. 115.)

64. "A" DROP SIDING must be
practically free from defects on the face
side and well manufactured.

65. "B" DROP SIDING will admit any
two of the following defects or their equiv-
alent of combined defects: medium torn
grain, three pin knots, one standard knot,
15 per cent sap stain, 15 per cent firm red
heart, small seasoning checks, six pin
worm holes, or any one of the above de-
fects combined with one of the following :
three small pitch pockets or one small pitch
streak.

66. No. 1 COMMON DROP SIDING
will admit one standard pitch streak, or
one standard pitch pocket, or their equiv-
alent, and in addition sound knots not
over 1/2 the width of piece in the rough;
sap stain, firm red heart, slight shake,
heavy torn grain, defects in manufacture
that will lay without waste, seasoning
checks that dp not show . an opening
through, a limited number of pin worm
holes well scattered.

Pieces otherwise as good as "B" Drop
Siding may have one defect (like a knot
hole) that can be cut out by wasting iy2
inches of the length of the piece, pro-
vided both pieces are 16 inches or over in
length after cutting out such defects.

67. No. 2 COMMON DROP SIDING
admits of all pieces not as good as No. 1
Common that can be used without waste
of more than one-fourth the length of any
one piece.

BEVEL SIDING

Sizes. Bevel Siding shall be made from
stock S. 4 S. worked to 13/16 of an inch
by 31/2 and 5*4 and resawed on a bevel.

Lengths. Standard lengths 4 to 20 feet.
Five per cent of 8 or 9 feet is allowed in
mixed length shipments of "B" and Bet-
ter Bevel Siding, and in addition five per
cent of 6 or 7 feet in No. 1 Common, and
in addition five per cent of 4 or 5 feet in
No. 2 Common.

Fifty-four

(The above percentage of short lengths
is customary, and in the interest of con-
servation will be included, so far as prac-
ticable, in all shipments of mixed lengths.)

Grades: A, B, No. 1 and No. 2 Common.

68. BEVEL SIDING shall be graded
according to the rules for Drop Siding,
and will admit in addition slight imper-
fections on the thin edge, which will be
covered by the lap when laid 21/2 and
inches to the weather.

PARTITION

Sizes. Partition shall be worked to
314 and 514 inches. (For drawing scaled
to actual size, see page 44.)

Lengths. Same percentage of short
lengths, allowed as in Ceiling.

Grades: A, B, No. 1 and No. 2 Common.

69. PARTITION shall be graded ac-
cording to Ceiling rules, and must meet
the requirements of the specified grades
on the face side only, but the reverse side
shall not be more than one grade lower,
and shall not cause waste in No. 1 Com-
mon and Better.

MOULDED CASING AND BASE,

WINDOW AND DOOR JAMBS.
Sizes of Moulded Casing and Base shall
be worked to s^-inch, as per patterns
shown in Moulding Section of this Book.
(See Section 33.) (For widths of Plain
Casing, see Finishing S. 4 S.)

Pine

WINDOW AND DOOR JAMBS,
Dressed, Rabbeted and Plowed as ordered.
(See Sec. 33.)

Grades: A, B, and C.

70. "A" MOULDED CASING AND
BASE must be practically free from de-
fects on the face side and well manu-

71. "B" CASING OR BASE shall ad-
mit the same defects as are admissible in
the same widths of "B" Finishing, except
wane. (See Sec. 41.)

72. "C" CASING OR BASE shall ad-
mit the same defects as are admissible in
the same widths of "C" Finishing, ex-
cept wane. (See Sec. 42.)

73. WINDOW AND DOOR JAMBS
shall be graded the same as Moulded Cas-
ing and Base. (See Sec. 33 for width.)

74. "B" AND BETTER MOULD-
ING. One-third of any item may contain
any one of the following defects or its
equivalent: one pin knot; small pitch
pockets; pitch 1 inch wide, 6 inches long;
slight sap stain covering six inches of the
length of the piece ; three pin worm holes ;
slight defects in dressing. (See Sec. 27.)
Standard lengths: 8 feet and longer, and
in shipments of mixed lengths five per
cent of 6 or 7 feet shall be admitted, even
though the number of feet of each length
be specifically stated.

Sizes as per Moulding Section of this
Book.

COMMON BOARDS, SHIPLAP AND BARN SIDING

Sizes of Boards. 1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S.
to 13/16, 11,4 inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to l-i/8,
li/2-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1-5/16. These
thicknesses also apply to S. 4 S.

All 1-inch Common lumber which is or-
dered dressed one or two sides, one edge
may be dressed to bring the width % inch
scant of full width.

Widths. Stock width shipments of No.
1 Common Boards, either rough or dressed
on one or more sides, shall be accepted as
standard where not more than 20% of any
shipment is 14 inch scant on 8 inch an'd
under ; % inch scant on 9 and 10 inch ; and
1/2 inch scant on 11 and 12 inch and wider;
pieces narrower than the above and pieces
in excess of 20% of the shipment that are
of the minimum measurement above given,
should be measured as of the next lower
standard width and not reduced in grade.

Material when ordered worked two faces
to serve two purposes, like Grooved Roof-
ing S2S, Shiplap S2S, Center Matched
S2S, or one face, worked to a pattern like
Barn Siding, shall be inspected from the
best face. 1*4 incn and l1/^ mcn Common
shall take the same inspection as 1 inch
boards.

Board 1 x 8, S. 4 S. shall be worked 7V2
inches wide; 1 x 9 — 8.1/2 inches; 1 x 10 —
91/2 inches ; 1 x 11 — 101/2 inches ; 1 x 12 —
1114 inches.

Size of No. 1 Common D. & M. and
Barn Siding. 8, 10 and 12-inch shall be
worked to %x7i/8, 9% and lli/8 inches. D.
& M. shall be S. 2 S. and C. M. (See cut,
page 47, for standard bead for barn sid-
ing.) Shiplap worked to %-inch thick,
face same width as D. & M. and Barn Sid-
ing. (See cut, page 47.)

Page Fifty- five

Hand

Standard lengths are multiples of two
feet, 4 to 24 feet, inclusive, in any manu-
facture of Common Boards; in mixed
lengths and miscellaneous shipments not
more than five per cent of 8 ft. shall be
included in No. 1 and No. 2 Common;
with an additional five per cent of 4 and 6
feet in shipments of No. 3 and No. 4 Com-
mon, except by special agreement.

Grades: No. 1, No. 2, No. 3 and No. 4
Common.

NO. 1 COMMON BOARDS.

75. No. 1 COMMON BOARDS, dressed
one or two sides, will admit any number
of sound knots, the mean or average
diameter of any one knot should not be
more than 2 inches in stock 8 inches
wide, nor more than 2% inches in stock
10 and 12 inches wide; two pith knots;
the equivalent of one split, not to exceed
in length the width of the piece; torn
grain, pitch, pitch pockets, slight shake,
sap stain, seasoning checks, firm red
heart; wane 1/2 inch deep on the edge not
exceeding 1 inch in width and one-third
the length of the piece, or its equivalent;
and a limited number of pin worm holes
well scattered; or defects equivalent to
the above.

76. No. 1 COMMON SHIPLAP OR
D. & M. AND BARN SIDING shall be
graded by rules governing No. 1 Common
Boards, except as to wane, which shall
not be so deep as to extend into the
tongue or one-half the thickness of the
top lip on the groove in D. & M., or over
one-half the thickness of the lap in Ship-
lap on the face side. (See Sec. 25.)

GROOVED ROOFING
Sizes of Grooved Roofing. 10 and 12-
inch S. 1 S. & 2 E. shall be worked to
13/16 by 91/2 and 11^ inches.

Size of Groove to be i/^-inch wide, 1/4-
inch deep and located 1-3/16 inches from
outer edge of the groove to edge of board.
(See cut on page 47.)

Standard lengths are multiples of two
feet, 4 to 24 feet, inclusive, but lengths
shorter than 10 feet shall not be included
in miscellaneous or mixed lengths ship-
ments except by agreement.

77. GROOVED ROOFING shall be
graded by rules governing No. 1 Common
Boards, omitting the pith knots, worm

holes, splits and seasoning checks that
show an opening through.

NO. 2 COMMON BOARDS, D. & M., OR

SHIPLAP, GROOVED ROOFING

AND BARN SIDING

Sizes. 1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16;
114-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to li/8; li/2-inch
S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1% inches. These
thicknesses also apply when S. 4 S. ; Ship-
lap, D. & M. and Barn Siding worked to
84-inch thick.

Widths of 8-inch and wider No. 2 Com-
mon Boards, shall be not more than 1/6 -inch
scant whether rough or dressed 2 or 4
sides. Pieces narrower than this should be
measured as the next lower standard of
width and not reduced in grade.

No. 2 COMMON BOARDS.

78. No. 2 COMMON BOARDS, dressed
one or two sides; No. 2 Shiplap, Grooved
Roofing, D. & M. and Barn Siding will
admit knots not necessarily sound; but
the mean or average diameter of any-
one knot shall not be more than one-
third of the cross section if located on
the edge, and shall not be more than
one-half of the cross section if located
away from the edge ; if sound may extend
one-half the cross section if located on the
edge, except that no knot, the mean or
average diameter of which exceeds 4
inches should be admitted; worm holes,
splits one-fourth the length of the piece,
wane 2 inches wide or through heart
shakes, one-half the length of the piece;
through rotten streaks % inch wide one-
fourth the length of the piece, or its
equivalent of unsound red heart, or de-
fects equivalent to the above.

A knot hole 2 inches in diameter will
be admitted, provided the piece is other-
wise as good as No. 1 Common.

79. Miscut 1-inch Common Boards
which do not fall below ^4-inch in thick-
ness shall be admitted in No. 2 Common,
provided the grade of such thin stock is
otherwise as good as No. 1 Common.

No. 3 COMMON BOARDS

80. No. 3 COMMON BOARDS, No. 3
COMMON SHIPLAP, D. & M. AND
BARN SIDING is defective lumber, and
will admit of coarse knots, knot holes,
very wormy pieces, red rot, and other de-

Page Fifty-six

fects that will not prevent its use as a
whole for cheap sheathing, or which will
cut 75 per cent of lumber as sound as No.
2 Common.

No. 4 COMMON BOARDS

81. No. 4 COMMON BOARDS shall
include all pieces that fall below the grade
of No. 3 Common, excluding such pieces
as will not be held in place by nailing,
after wasting one-fourth the length of the
piece by cutting into two or three pieces;
mill inspection to be final.

FENCING
3, 4, 5 AND 6 INCHES WIDE

Sizes. 1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16 ;
114-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1-1/16; iy2-inch
S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1-5/16 inches. These
thicknesses also apply when S. 4 S.

When 4 and 6-inch Fencing is S. 2 S.
& C. M., the finished thickness shall be
3,4-inch and inspected under Flooring
rules.

Widths . On stock widths of 3, 4, 5 and
6-inch No. 1 Common, no piece shall be
counted as standard width that is more
than 1,4-inch scant in width. Pieces nar-
rower than this should be measured as
the next lower standard width and not re-
duced in grade.

Grades: No. 1, No. 2, No. 8 and No. 4
Common.

No. 1 FENCING

82. No. 1 FENCING shall admit of
the following defects or their equivalent;
sound knots, the mean or average diame-
ter of any one knot shall not be more
than 2 inches in five and six inch stock,
nor more than li/£ inches in three and
four inch stock ; three pith knots, wane i/2
inch deep on edge, not exceeding 1 inch
wide one-third the length of the piece;
torn grain, pitch, pitch pockets, sap stain,
seasoning checks, slight shake, firm red
heart, and a limited number of small
worm holes well scattered, and the equiv-
alent of one split not to exceed in length
the width of the piece.

No. 2 FENCING

Size. 1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16-
inch.

Widths. In 3, 4, 5 and 6-inch No. 2
Common stock no piece shall be counted

as standard width that is more than 1/3-
inch scant in width. Such pieces should
be measured as the next lower standard
width and not reduced in grade.

83. No. 2 FENCING in addition to
the defects allowed in No. 1 Common will
admit the following defects or their equiv-
alent: knots, not necessarily sound, the
mean or average diameter of any one
knot shall not be more than one-half the
cross section if located on the edge, and
shall not be more than two-thirds of the
cross section if located away from the
edge; one split one-fourth the length of
the piece; worm holes through rotten
streaks, 1/2 inch wide, one-fourth the
length of the piece, or the equivalent of
unsound red heart; shake or wane, but
must not cut to waste.

A knot hole, li/s inches in diameter or
its equivalent in small hollow knots will
be allowed provided the piece is other-
wise as good as No. 1 Common.

84. Miscut 1-inch Common Fencing
which does not fall below %-inch in
thickness shall be admitted in No. 2 Com-
mon, provided the grade of such thin
stock is otherwise as good as No. 1 Com-
mon.

No. 3 FENCING

85. No. 3 FENCING is defective lum-
ber and will admit of coarse knots, knot
holes, very wormy pieces, red rot and
other defects that will not prevent its use
as a whole for cheap sheathing, or which
will cut 75 per cent of lumber as sound
as No. 2 Common.

No. 4 FENCING

86. No. 4 FENCING shall include all
pieces that fall below the grade of No. 3
Common, excluding such pieces as will
not be held in place by nailing, after wast-
ing one-fourth the length of the piece by
cutting into two or three pieces; mill in-
spection to be final.

DIMENSION AND HEAVY JOIST
Sizes. Dimension shall be worked to
the following: 2x4 S. 1 S. and 1 E. to
1% x 3% inches; 2 x 6 S. 1 S. and
1 E. to l%x55/8 inches ; 2x8 S. 1 S. and 1
E. to l%x7i/2 inches ; 2x10 S. 1 S. and 1
E. to l%x9i/2 inches; 2x12 S. 1 S. and 1
E. to l%xlli/2 inches. Dimension S. 4 S.

Page Fifty-seven

-inch less in thickness and width than
.1 S, 1 E. shall be standard, but no ob-
jection shall be made to stock finished to
the standard size for S. & E.

HEAVY JOISTS shall be worked to
the following: 2x14, 2i/2 and 3x10, 3x12
and 3x14, S. 1 S. and IE., green, 1,4-inch
off side and ^-mch off edge; S. 4 S. 1/4-
inch off each face surfaced. Heavy Joists,
rough, green, must not be over i/4-inch
scant in width or thickness.

Dry 2x14 shall be dressed to the stand-
ard thickness of 2x12.

Lengths. Standard lengths are multi-
ples of two feet, 4 to 24 feet, inclusive,
but lengths shorter than 10 feet shall not
be included in miscellaneous or mixed
length shipments, except by agreement.

Grades: No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 Common.

87. Inspection of Dimension is a ques-
tion of strength and uniformity of size,
and whatever reduces its strength in
cross-section must be considered a defect
to that extent. In computing the area of
cross-section occupied by defects the size
of the piece in the rough must be con-
sidered.

88. No. 1 COMMON DIMENSION
AND HEAVY JOISTS will admit sound
knots, none of which in 2 x 4s should be
larger than two inches in diameter on one
or both sides of the piece, and on wider
stock which do not occupy more than one-
third of the cross section at any point
throughout its length, if located at the edge
of the piece, or more than one-half of the
cross section if located away from the
edge ; pith knots, or smaller defective knots
which do not weaken the piece more than
the knot aforesaid ; will admit of seasoning
checks, firm red heart, heart shakes that
do not go through ; wane % of an inch deep
on edge, one-fourth the width and one-
third the length of the piece; pith, sap
stain, pitch pockets, splits in ends not
exceeding in length the width of the piece,
a limited number of small worm holes well
scattered ; may contain crook of 1^2 inch in
2 x 4 — 16 feet and Vs inch less in each
additional 2 inches in width up to and in-
cluding 2 x 12 — 16 feet. Lengths longer or
shorter than 16 feet of No. 1 Common
Dimension may contain crook in propor-
tion to the above, and such other defects as

do not prevent its use as substantial
structural material.

89. No. 2 COMMON DIMENSION
may contain crook of 2 inches in 2 x 4 — 16
feet and V8 inch less in each additional 2
inches in width up to and including 2 x 12
— 16 feet. Lengths longer or shorter than
16 feet may contain crook in proportion
to the above, and may have knots not
necessarily sound, which do not occupy
more than one-half of the cross section at
any one point if located at the edge of the
piece nor more than two-thirds of the cross
section if located away from the edge;
smaller, loose, hollow or rotten knots that
do not weaken the piece more than the
knots aforesaid ; will admit rotten streaks,
shake, wane, worm holes, split not to
exceed one quarter the length of the piece,
and other defects which do not prevent its
use without waste.

90. Miscut 2-inch Common stock which
does not fall below li/2 inches in thick-
ness, or i/8-inch scant in width, from
standard size shall be admitted in No. 2
Common, provided such pieces are in all
other respects as good as No. 1 Common
at point of miscut.

91. No. 3 DIMENSION will include
all pieces falling below No. 2 Grade which
are sound enough to use for cheap build-
ing material by wasting 25 per cent, of
each piece of one-third of number of
pieces in any item of a shipment, but it
must not be more than V^-inch scant of
standard finished width nor %-inch scant
of standard finished thickness. (See Sec.
27.)

ROUGH ARKANSAS SOFT PINE
FINISHING.

Widths. Stock width shipments of "C"
and Better, either rough or dressed on one
or two sides, shall be accepted as standard
where not more than 20% of any shipment
is 14 inch scant on 8 inch and under; %
inch scant on 9 and 10 inch; and i/2 inch
scant on 11 and 12 inch and wider; pieces
narrower than the above, and pieces in
excess of 2Q% of the shipment that are of
the minimum measurement above given
should be measured as of the next lower
standard width and not reduced in grade
(for width of No. 2 Boards and Fencing,
see pages 56 and 57; for width of dimen-
sion see Sections 90 and 98.)

Page Fifty-eight

Lengths. Standard lengths are 8 to 20
feet and in shipments of mixed lengths
five per cent, of 8 or 9 feet in grade of "C
and Better" shall be admitted.

(The above percentage of short lengths
is customary, and in the interest of con-
servation will be included so far as prac-
ticable, in all shipments of mixed lengths.)

92. Finish must be evenly manufac-
tured, and shall embrace all sizes from 1
to 2 inches in thickness by 3 inches and
over in width.

93. One-inch, 1*4 and l1/^ inch Fin-
ishing lumber, unless otherwise ordered,
shall measure, when dry, not more than
1/16 inch scant in thickness; on 2-inch it
may measure ^-inch scant.

94. Wane, seasoning checks and other
defects that will dress put in working
standard thickness and widths are admis-
sible.

95. Subject to the foregoing provision
Rough Finishing shall be graded accord-
ing to the specifications applying to
Dressed Finishing lumber.

96. All Finishing lumber, ordered
rough, if thicker than the count thickness
for dry or green stock, may be dressed to
such count thickness, and when so dressed
shall be considered as rough. When like
grade on both faces is required, special con-
tract must be made.

COMMON BOARDS, FENCING AND
DIMENSION

97. ROUGH 1-INCH COMMON
BOARDS AND FENCING should not
be less than %-inch thick when dry ; 114-
inch and li/g-inch scant of count thick-
ness.

98. ROUGH 2-INCH COMMON should
not be less than 1% inches thick when
green, or 1% inches thick when dry. The
several widths should not be less than i/fc-
inch over the standard dressing width for
such stock when dry.

99. ROUGH COMMON DIMENSION
of a greater thickness than 2 inches and
less than 4 inches shall be subject to special
contract as to thickness and width.

100. ROUGH DIMENSION, if thick-
er than count thickness for dry or green
stock, may be dressed to such count thick-
ness, and when so dressed shall be con-
sidered as rough stock.

Arkansas Soft Pine

101. The defects admissible in Rough
Boards, Fencing and Dimension shall be
the same as those applying to dressed
stock of like kind and grade and such
further defects as would disappear in
dressing to standard sizes of such ma-
terial shall be allowed.

ARKANSAS SOFT PINE LATH

102. No. 1 LATH should measure 2
inches in thickness to every five lath,
green. The minimum thickness of any one
lath shall not be less than 5/16 of an inch,
green, and should not be less than 1-7/16
inches in width, green, length 4 feet; 1%
inches thickness to every five lath, dry,
and should not measure less than 1-5/16
inches in width when dry. Will admit
wane i/a-inch deep, one-quarter of an inch
on face and 6 inches long ; pin worm holes
and one pin knot. Must not be more than
!/2-inch short in length. Blue sap stain
shall not be considered a defect.

103. No. 2 LATH shall consist of
pieces that fall below the grade of No. 1
which are not less than 1*4 inches in
width, 14 of an inch thick, when dry, and
are npt more than %-inch short in length.
Will admit wane, worm holes, knots and
other defects that will not prevent their
use without waste.

BYRKIT LATH

Sizes, %x3i/2 and 5*4 inches wide;
lengths, 4 feet and upward.

104. STANDARD BYRKIT LATH
shall consist of material that will be held
firmly in place and support plaster by or-
dinary nailing, by npt wasting more than
10 per cent, of any piece and that will pre-
sent a full surface with no openings over
Va-inch in width and 3 inches in length.
The ends of pieces of Byrkit Lath are not
expected to meet on studding, and only
such quantity shall be counted waste as
is necessary to remove a defect. (See cut
on page 47.)

STANDARD SIZES OF DRESSED
LUMBER

105. Finishing shall be dressed to the
following sizes :

One-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16;
11,4-inch S. 1 or 2 S. to iy8 ;
11,1-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. 1% ;
2-inch S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 1% inches.
These thicknesses also apply when S. 4 S.

Page Fifty -nine

Hand Book

The Standard Widths of S. 4 S. shall be
as follows:

1x4 shall be 3% inches ;

1x5 shall be 4% inches ;

1x6 shall be 5% inches ;

1x7 shall be 6% inches ;

1x8 shall be 71/2 inches ;

1x9 shall be 8i/2 inches ;

1 x 10 shall be 9^ inches;

1 x 11 shall be 10i/2 inches;

1 x 12 shall be 111/2 inches;

The foregoing widths shall also apply
to stock thicker than 1 inch.

106. Moulded Casing and Base shall be
worked to %-inch, as per patterns shown
in Moulding Section of this Book.

107. Flooring. The Standard of 1 x 3,
1x4 and 1x6 inches "D and Better"
shall be worked to 13/16 x 21,4, 21/2, 3^
and 514 inches; 11,4-inch Flooring shall
be worked to 1 1/16 inches thick, i/2-inch
Flooring shall be worked to 1 5/16 inches
thick, the same width and matching as
1-inch stock. (See cut on page 44.)

108. Drop Siding. D. & M. shall be
worked to % x 3*4 and 514 inch face, 3i/2
and 51/3 over all. Worked shiplap % x 3
inch face, 3i/2 over all; 3/4x5 inch face,
51/2 over all.

Patterns that are not shown on page 44
of this Book are considered special.

109. Ceiling shall be worked to the fol-
lowing :

%-inch Ceiling, 5/16-inch ;
i/2-inch Ceiling, 7/16-inch ;
s/s-inch Ceiling, 9/16-inch ;
%-mch Ceiling, 11/16-inch;
same widths as Flooring.

The standard working of Ceiling shall
be beaded center and edge with slight
bevel on groove edge. (See cuts on page
62.)*

The bead on all Ceiling and Partition
shall be depressed 1/32 of an inch below
surface line of piece.

110. Partition shall be worked to the
following : % x 314 and 6^4 inches, with
same standard for location and size of
bead as applies to Ceiling. (See Sec. 109.)

112. Window and Door Jambs, Dressed,
Rabbeted and Plowed as ordered. (See
Sec. 33.)

113. Boards and Fencing. One-inch
S. 1 S. or 2 S. to 13/16-inch, also when
S. 4S.

114. Barn Siding, D. & M.; 8, 10 and
12 inches, shall be worked to % x 7Vs, 9%
and lli/8 inches face; 7%, 9% and 113/8
inches over all.

115. Barn Siding Shiplap, 8 10 and 12
inches shall be worked to % xiy8, 9^ and
Hi/8 inch face, with 3/g-inch lap, 3^-inch
thick and %-mch long; 7V2, 9i/2 and Iiy2
inches over all. See page 47 for cut.

116. D. & M. Common Boards, 8, 10
and 12 inches shall be worked to the fol-
lowing: 34 x 71/8, 9i/8 and lli/8 inches; 73/8,
9% and 11% inches over all and shall be
S. 2 S. and C. M.

117. Grooved Roofing, 10 and 12-inch
S. 1 S. and 2 E. shall be worked to 13/16 x
91/2 and 1114. (See Sec. 77 for size and
location of Groove, and cut on page 47.)

118. Wagon Bottoms, unless otherwise
ordered (see Sec. 31) , shall be made in sets
38 and 42 inches face, and from stock 4
inches or over in width. Standard thick-
nesses shall be 13/16-inch.

119. Dimension shall be worked to the
following :

2x 4 S. 1 S. and 1 E. to l%x 3% inches ;
2x 6 S. 1 S. and 1 E. to 15/8x 5% inches;
2x 8 S. 1 S. and 1 E. to 15/8x 7V2 inches ;
2x10 S. 1 S. and 1 E to l%x 9i/2 inches ;
2x12 S. 1 S. and 1 E. to 15/8xlli/2 inches;

Dimension S. 4 S. i/fc-inch less than
standard size S. 1 S. and 1 E.

120. All sizes in Dimension are subject
to natural shrinkage when ordered and
shipped green.

121. Heavy Joists shall be worked to
the following: 2 x 14, 2i/2 and 3 x 10, 12
and 14, S. 1 S. and IE., green, 1,4-inch
off side and i/2-inch off edge, S. 4 S. i/4-inch
off each face surfaced. Heavy Joists
rough, green, should not be over 1,4-ineh
scant in width or thickness.

122. Heavy Flooring. For 2 and 2i/2-
inch matching the thickness should be
% of an inch less than the rough material

•Arkansas Soft Pine Producer* also manufacture New England (Boston) "V" Ceiling. See Page 62.

111. Bevel Siding to be made from
stock S. 4 S. worked to 13/16 x3i/2 and
and resawed on a bevel.

Page Sixty

when surfaced one side; when S. 2 S.
should be 7/16-inch less than count thick-
ness or 1/16-inch less than when S. 1 S.
The tongue should be %-inch thick and
%-inch long. For 3-inch and thicker
matching the tongue should be 34-inch
thick and %-inch long, and thickness of
the stock should be %-inch less than the
rough material. The groove in heavy
matchings should be 1/16-inch wider than
the thickness of the tongue, and 1/16-inch
deeper than the length of the tongue.

Tongue and groove shall be located
one-quarter the thickness of the rough ma-
terial from the bottom of the piece. (See
cut on page 46.)

In 2-inch and thicker material plowed
for splines, the grooves should be the same
width and depth as is provided for in
matching material of the same thickness.
(See cut on page 46.)

Heavy Shiplap shall be worked to the
same thickness as Heavy Flooring. The
lap shall be ^-inch long, occupying one-
half the finished thickness of the piece.

123. Timbers shall be worked to the fol-
lowing : 4x4 and larger S. 1 S. or S. & E.
%-inch off each face surfaced; S. 3 S. or
S. 4 S. ^4-inch off each face surfaced.

124. All sizes in Timbers are subject to
natural shrinkage.

Arkansas Soft Pine

125. No. 1 Lath should measure 2
inches in thickness to every five lath,
green ; the minimum thickness of any one
lath shall not be less than 5/16 of an inch,
green, and should not be less than 1 7/16
inches in width, green, length 4 feet; 1%
inches thickness to every five lath, dry;
and should not measure less than 1 5/16
inches in width, dry. Must not be more
than i/2-mch short in length.

126. No. 2 Lath must not be less than
114 inches in width, 14 of an inch thick
when dry, and not more than %-inch short
in length.

127. Byrkit Lath to be 94 x 3V2 and
inches wide; lengths, 4 feet and upward.
(See cut on page 47.)

PICKETS

128. Square Pickets from li/2-mch
stock shall be worked to 1 5/16 x 1 5/16,
3 and 4 feet long, dressed on four sides and
pointed, ll/i-inch stock shall be worked
to 1 1/16x1 1/16, 3 and 4 feet long,
dressed on four sides and pointed.

129. Flat Pickets from 1x3 stock shall
be worked to % x 214, 3 and 4 feet long,
dressed on four sides and headed.

All stock bearing the Arkansas Soft
Pine Trade Mark is manufactured and sold
exclusively by the following companies:

Arkansas Land & Lumber Co., Malvern, Ark.
Arkansas Lumber Company, Warren, Ark.
Cotton Belt Lumber Company, Bearden, Ark.
Crossett Lumber Co., Crossett, Ark.
Eagle Lumber Company, Eagle Mills, Ark.
Edgar Lumber Company, Wesson, Ark.
Freeman-Smith Lumber Co., Millville, Ark.
Fordyce Lumber Company, Fordyce, Ark.
Gates Lumber Company, Wilmar, Ark.
Ozan-Graysonia Lumber Co., Prescott, Ark.
Southern Lumber Company, Warren, Ark.
Stout Lumber Company, Thornton, Ark.
Wisconsin & Arkansas Lbr. Co., Malvern, Ark.

Composing the

Arkansas Soft Pine Bureau
Little Rock, Ark.

Page Sixty-one

•

v.W *

—

1 1

s •

•

I '

1 t.

» 1

• 1

i 1

I-

•

• I

;

i i

1 *

•

r '

1 •

1 *

i,
i.

! [I.

.; ,

Edged Grain (Quarter Sawed)

2X Inch Face Flooring

Actual Size

New England or Boston

"V" Ceiling
Actual Size. Sanitary Design

Page Sixty-two

4913S9

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY

Internet Archive Audio

Featured

Top

Images

Featured

Top

Software

Featured

Top

Books

Featured

Top

Video

Featured

Top

Mobile Apps

Browser Extensions

Archive-It Subscription

Save Page Now

Full text of "Arkansas soft pine; satin-like interior trim, soft, workable common lumber"

See other formats