'3
THE
A A
ASSEMBLIES OF [ARTRf
STUDENT'S EDITION
OP
WITH ENGLISH NOTES, GRAMMATICAL, CEITICAL,
AND HISTORICAL.
BY
DR. F. STEINGASS
AUTHOR OF "ENGLISH-ARABIC DICTIONARY FOK THE USE OF BOTH TRAVELLERS
AND STUDENTS"; "THE STUDENT'S ARABIC-ENGLISH DICTIONARY";
<( A COMPREHENSIVE PERSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY."
LONDON
SAMPSON LOW, MARSTON & COMPANY
(LIMITED)
>t. gltmeian's $)ouse
FETTER LANE, FLEET STREET, E.C.
1897
to tfje Mim
HEUTFOKP
rillXTBD BY STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS.
EDITOR'S PREFACE.
THIS book, arranged on a progressive plan, is intended for the
benefit of those who have an earnest and honest will to exert
themselves. Their task will by no means be an easy one, but,
if carried out resolutely and unflaggingly, will procure them the
satisfaction of having acquired a more than average knowledge
of Arabic, such as will enable them, not only to read almost any
Arabic work without difficulty, but also to form a reasonable
judgment as to which branch of Arabic learning and literature
they might choose to greatest advantage for their special study,
in accordance with their individual taste and predilection.
This is owing to the exceptional character of Hariri's remarkable
composition. In a quaint and frequently highly amusing form,
sparkling with genuine wit, and in its best passages soaring to the
loftiest summits of sublime thought and sentiment, it contains an
encyclopedia in nuce of the scholarship of his age and people,
and is couched in a language saturated with the classical idioms
of the Qur'an, of Arabic poetry, and of the Proverbs of the desert
Arabs. Hariri was born at Basrah, A.D. 1054, a few decades after
the dominion of Mohammedanism had culminated in Mabmud
Ghaznawi's conquest of India, and he died in his native town,
A.D. 1122, when its foundations were being assailed by the inroad
of the Seljuk Turks on one hand, and the counter-movement,
provoked by it, of the crusades on the other. His life, as far as
it interests us now, is comprised in his works, which include, in
iv i.nnou's PKKFACE.
addition to the Assemblies, some valuable grammatical treatises
in prose and verse, and many poetical pieces of considerable merit.
As the best method of using my work, far from dissuading, on
the contrary I strongly advise the learner to have, at the outset,
recourse to Chenery's or Preston's translation, one or the other
of which will no doubt be accessible to him in the public libraries,
say as far as to the Fourth Assembly, which portion has been
rendered into English by both these authors. He should do so
in order to make himself conversant with Hariri's style and
manner, but merely as a stepping-stone towards the end, which
the aspirant to the highest proficiency in the language must
constantly keep in view ; that is, to become independent of all
additional orthographic devices beyond the consonantic outlines,
or, in other words, to become able to read Arabic without the
signs of vocalization and punctuation.
For our elaborate system of the latter, the Arabs substitute
simply the full stop in the shape of a more or less ornamental
asterisk, and of this use has been made (instead of the comma
and full stop employed by de Sacy), at first as in the Beyrout
edition, between the constituent parts of a qarinak, then between
the qarmahs themselves, lastly between the principal component
portions of an Assembly (which we would distinguish by fresh
alineas), and from Assembly VIII onward it has been disposed
of altogether. The fact of the case is, that Arabic can very well
do without punctuation, because in elementary compositions the
extreme simplicity of its construction scarcely requires such
external signs of subdivision, while in works of a more elaborate
?tyle the saja, or rhymed prose, offers a sufficient equivalent for
them. The rhyme, in its repetition or still more frequent
recurrence, not only distinctly marks out the members of a pro-
position, but is also, in combination with the parallelism of
elevated Oriental diction, a great help to the reader for supplying
the necessary vocalization. For this reason, in the earlier parts
of our work such rhymes and parallel passages are printed with
their vowel-points only at their first appearance, leaving the
student to vocalize them on their reiteration after the same
pattern, unless by poetical licence a change of vowel takes place,
as, for instance, on p. 10, 1. 6, where zumari rhymes with qamari,
and this with $amari, wherefore the initial in the first word is
printed with zammah, in the second vfithfathah, and in the third
without either, because here it has the same vowel as the pre-
ceding word.
The matter of vocalization is by far more complicated than
that of punctuation, and requires the consideration of several
supplementary signs, besides those for the vowels themselves, all
of which Nasif al-Yaziji in his excellent little grammar combines
in the formula s lsrf ' iasM , " I write down the alphabet." They
are: the three vowel-points, fathah (_^_, a), zammah (_!,#),
and kasrah ( , i), called harakdt t " motions," because the
consonant to which they are joined is, as it were, moved (mu-
harrakah) or carried on by them towards the following letter ;
the sign for the absence of a vowel (JL), called suMn, " rest,"
because it renders the consonant quiescent (sd/dna/t), or jazmah,
" cutting off," because it separates it from the following by
a slight pause; the tashdid, " strengthening," as sign for the
doubling of consonants ; the maddah, " lengthening," indicating
*
the conjunction of \\ into one protracted sound; lastly, the signs
hamzat al-rcasl ( ) and hamzat al-qat' (_f_), which show whether
\ at the beginning of a word is to be pronounced with a vowel of
its own, or depends for its vocalization on the preceding word,
in accordance with the rules given in Palmer's Grammar,
pp. 12 and 13.
yi EDITOR'S PREFACE.
Of these orthographical symbols the sukun has been retained,
almost without exception, throughout the text, as being most
important for the division of Arabic into syllables, which forms
the foundation of Arabic prosody, inasmuch as a muharrakah, or
moved letter (for instance, the inseparable preposition <_>, " with,"
etc.), constitutes an open syllable and represents a short quantity,
but when it is followed by a sdkmah or quiescent letter (for
instance, in the imperative J^o , " pass the night ! "), the syllable
thus closed is considered prosodically long. This applies also to
?
syllables which we would call long by vowel, since y (/%),
lj (fd), j (fi), nominative, objective, and oblique case
respectively of J, "mouth," in conjunction with pronominal
suffixes, except that of the 1st person singular, are equivalent to
ti, b , *-J , the quiescent letter here being one of the weak letters
., \, and ^j, which in this case are called letters of prolongation ;
but the sukun is dispensed with, and becomes thereby available
for marking the diphthongs jfl and \ (au and at, in colloquial
Arabic 6 and e), as in cujjj (faut), " distance," etc., and c^-4-?
(bait), " tent," " house," as "place where the night is passed."
The alif of prolongation has a counterpart in the so-called alif
maqsiirah, generally written ^^-, as in jx-i (fata}, "young
man," "lad," which is prosodically equivalent to bi. Of this
and the various ways of spelling it, I shall presently have some-
thing more to say.
The exceptions in which the sukun has been dropped in the
unpointed part of this work are, firstly, upon the J of the article,
in order to show at once that the word in question is a definite
noun, and not some derivative of a root beginning with J. As
the \ of the article has always the hamzat al-rvasl pronounced
with fathah at the beginning of a sentence, and otherwise
following the rules quoted above, this sign can likewise be
EDITOR S PREFACE. Vll
omitted. Thus ^ jUM , spelt without sukun t would indicate that
the word is agent of the root .Jo , having amongst other signifi-
cations that of" an inhabitant of the desert," and rendered definite
by the article. Spelt with sukun it would be a derivative of the
root jJ, with the pronominal suffix of the 1st person, and read
either ^jUI or ^cjUj, the substantial part of the former being
the plural of JuJ, " my saddle clothes," etc., of the latter the
infinitive of the 4th conjugation, " my abiding," etc. Here the
hamzah is that of qa( ', and may also be omitted, together with
its vowel-point, as the context generally will show which form is
meant. Other verbal forms beginning with \ before a quiescent
letter, which are not 1 st person sing, of aorists, have the hamzat
al-tvasl, and are either imperatives of the primary verb at the
beginning of a proposition, pointed with zammah or kasrah on
the hamzah (Gramm., top of p. 30), or they are preterites and
infinitives of the seventh and following forms, with kasrah on it
when inchoative. In the context their hamzah is pronounced
with the final vowel of the preceding word, or, if this terminates
in a quiescent letter, the second exception, previously alluded to,
takes place, that is to say, this letter loses its sukun and is
marked with one of the three vowel points as indicated (Gramm.,
p. 13, 1. 5, etc.).
The tashdidin retained as sign of reduplication of a consonant
in derived verbs of the 2nd and 5th conjugation, not only because
it forms their characteristic, but also because it affects the metrical
measure of the word : *i , " he commanded," for instance, being
a tribrach (^^*J), but JT, "he appointed as commander,"
a dactyl ( ^ ^). As a sign of assimilation of two letters it is
preserved after the article in words beginning with a solar letter
(Gramm., p. 11), to remind the student that here the J of the
article takes the sound of the following letter, and in verbs of the
viii EDITOR'S PREFACE.
8th form, where for euphonic reasons the letter of increase, ci?,
assimilates a weak radical, or adapts itself to a strong one, in
either case blending with it into a double consonant. Instances
are, jl&! for jU$, v.n. 8 of J^, both meaning "a burning,"
and^jl for ,1L\^ from origin aljl&jl, ditto of ^J, both meaning
" a remembering." The student must, however, be prepared to
find in many native prints, etc., the sign omitted. If, on the
other hand, the servile cu belongs to the verbal inflection of the
first person singular, or the second of the three numbers, and is
preceded by one of the dentals, cj, j, j, ^, L>, k, I do not
follow de Sacy's spelling, who marks the CLS with tashdid (for
instance JL^J), but that of the Beyrout and Bulaq editions,
which, as in other verbs, place merely a sukun upon the preceding
letter (c^Li). That this is the more correct style is also the
view taken by Wright in his Grammar, i, p. 15.
The maddah has been retained at the beginning of words like
-T, 4th form of ^*\ , " he believed, trusted, protected," but
omitted at the end of feminine adjectives, broken plurals, and
infinitives or preterites of weak verbs, as in these cases it is
sufficiently indicated by the hamzah which follows it.
I have now to speak of the system of Arabic vocalization in
/
its proper sense, and of the principles on which its signs have
been gradually eliminated, or at least reduced to a minimum, in
our text. In Ilariri's preface I have given a specimen of the
plan followed by de Sacy, and editors of pointed texts in this
country and in Europe in general, suppressing, however, even
here ihefathah, as supposed to be the vowel of any letter which
is not pointed with zammah or /casrah, and observing to a certain
extent the rule indicated on p. v of this preface, that additional
orthographical signs can be spared in words which are preceded
by a parallel form in ornate prose. In the first line of the
EDITOR S PREFACE. IX
mitqaddamah, for instance, we find the outline L^V*^!^, wliicli
de Sacy prints CL-^J!. , but, to be strictly consistent, ought to
*' o ^
have printed, with the Beyrout edition, LC-^JU* ^ ur spelling
i4*f)i2 dispenses with three of the signs employed by de Sacy,
and with four of the native edition, to which in the following
^
parallel form i*JL**j the hamzat al-qat may be added, so that
in two words seven, respectively nine, orthographical symbols
are thrown out, without compromising the correct reading of the
words in question. The principle of the same vocalization for
corresponding forms is as yet sparingly observed, but it becomes
already evident how much more saving will be presently obtained
when its application is carried out to the full, both for analogous
forms and the rhymes of the saja or the poetical passages.
The vocalization of Arabic depends partly on inflection, which
is ruled by the Grammar, partly on etymological peculiarities,
which must be gathered from the Dictionary. For references to
the Grammar I have chosen Palmer's work, because it is less
crowded with details than Wright's, and because the Glossary of
grammatical terms, attached to it, will prove useful to those who
may feel inclined to take up the study of the native Grammarians.
References to the Dictionary apply to my own, which was the
first published in England before Lane's monumental work was
completed, where the change of vowel of the medial radical in the
aorist from that of the preterite is noted. Johnson's Quarto, in
spite of its bulk so handy for the well-grounded Arabist, was
defective in this very essential point, and therefore did more
harm than good to the incipient learner, whom it was apt to
render neglectful of the distinction altogether.
With regard to vocalization as determined by inflection, the
student is, of course, supposed to have a general knowledge of
Arabic Accidence on taking up the present work. In dropping
EDITOR'S PREFACE.
the inflectional vowel points step by step, my object is to offer
him an opportunity of recapitulating at each step the grammatical
point under consideration in all its bearings. In the second
Assembly, for instance, I omit the vowel of the raf' or upright
case in nouns and aorists, while giving that of the other two
cases, even I\\Q fathah of the nasb, in order to emphasize the
office of the raf 1 as indicating the agent or subject (fail) of
a verbal sentence or the inchoative (mubtada] and predicate
(Ma bar) of a nominal clause in the noun (Gramm. p. 234-238),
and as distinguishing the aorist proper from its apocopated form
(ib., p. 173, 94) and the subjunctive (ib., p. 171, 93) in the verb.
Concerning the declension in particular, the questions which
the student should here answer to himself are: is the noun fully
declined (Gramm., p. 97, 48), or a diptote (ib., p. 100, 51), or
indeclinable (ib., 103, 52) ? If the former, has the final letter to
be marked with the simple zammah or its tanrvint When
remains it without vowel-sign, and when takes it the tannin of
/easrah, ovfatkah and its tannin ? He can test the correctness
of his answer to these last questions by referring to Gramm.,
p. 99, 50, where, however, I have now to add a few remarks on
the weak letters, and the manner of spelling them, adopted in my
text, especially up from this point with regard to a final -,
which either may be yd' (^), or alifmaqsurah (s^-, LJ).
It was mentioned above that one of the functions of the weak
letters is to serve as letters of prolongation, in which case the
preceding consonant is marked with the cognate short vowel, as
U, y , ^j. If these combinations stand at the beginning or in
the middle of a word, followed by a consonant which has a vowel
of its own, and consequently begins a new syllable, the vowel-
points can evidently be omitted as implicitly understood. But
^ and ^5 are aUo liquid consonants, like the English w and y, and
XI
we have seen that as such they can take the sukiin, forming with
the preceding fathah the diphthongs au and ai, as in jjjjl,
"weights" (Ass. II, p. 16, 1. 3), and jtf, " except" (ib., 1. 7).
They can further assume the tas/tdid, or they may occur both
as single and double consonants between two vowels, Their
vocalization in this case, if internal in a word, will be spoken of
on considering the etymological side of the question. Here they
interest us as finals, and in their relation to the vowels of in-
flection. If ^ and ^ are preceded by a quiescent letter, as in
infinitives of the measure Jjts, or have the tashdid, as in jj.x,
" enemy," or the adjectives of relation in <J , they are pointed
in the nominative with zamma/i or its tanr&in, like any other
noun terminating in a consonant. But if the preceding radical
has kasrah, as in ^ jlc or ^>\i , the ^ of the former changes into
^-, forming the stem ^JU:, which like e jli', if preceded by the
article, dispenses with the zammah of the raf : ^jUM, _JU11,
for o JUM , ^Udi . If, however, the noun is indefinite, both the
^* '
$ and the zamma/i, inherent in the tanmn of & , disappear,
and the nunnation is transferred to the preceding kasrah, forming
jU fU *lS.
Again, if any nominal stem derived from a root with final ^j
(those with final ^ change it in this case into ^j) hasfathak on
the preceding radical, the ^ is not pronounced, and the noun, if
&
indefinite, takes the tanwin Q{ fathah for the three cases : :J .
If it is rendered definite by the article, &Q fathah alone represents
its inflection, and if it is defined by a pronominal affix, the ^ is
changed into \ : t\sj . The ^ in this case is called alif maq-
surah, and as its distinction from yd' proper is of greatest
importance both for declension and conjugation, I have simul-
taneously with the omission of vowel- points adopted the plan of
the Syrian, Tnnesian, and other native publications, which leaves
Xll KDITOR S PREFACE.
the former without any distinctive mark ( -), while it renders
the latter by the dotted character (^). This has been done
because Syria, in particular, supplies the student at a moderate
price with a great number of texts thus printed, not only of
classical literature, hut also of valuable works of grammatical,
philological, and scientific interest produced by modern Arabic
authors. For the sake of completeness I may add that in books
printed or lithographed in India the alifmaqsurah is represented
by cJ> where the vertical stroke stands for !, indicating its
eventual change into this letter, and the ya proper by ^, with
or without kasrah under the preceding letter.
The next step towards the tctal suppression of the vowel-points
id the omission of the signs of nasb (objective in nouns, sub-
junctive in verbs) and of khafz (oblique case). With regard to
the former, the general principle comes again into operation, that
a letter for which the Grammar or Dictionary does not prescribe
another vowel, is to be read with fathah. The applicability of
this principle, or, in other words, of the exclusion of zammah and
kasrah in favour of t\\efathah, will be easily recognized from the
part which a nasbatednoun acts in the sentence, either as object
of a transitive or doubly transitive verb (Gramm., p. 188, 104),
or as predicate after the abstract verb ^ and its sister verbs
(ib., p. 242), or as adverb under its various aspects (ib., p. 189,
105-8) ; or as governed by negatives (ib., p. 153, 156-7), and by
vocative particles in certain cases (ib., p. 1 99, 1 1 3). The nasbated
verb or subjunctive will be identified by its being preceded by
any of the particles given, ib., p. 171, 93. The oblique case of
the noun is equally well defined by its being either governed by
a preposition or in construction with another noun (ib., p. 195,
109-14). The only particulars, therefore, to be remembered,
arc the absence or presence of the tanmn (ib. p. 97, 48) ; the
EDITORS PREFACE. Xlll
fathah in the nasb after a nominal stem with final ^(j^UJ!,
r Tr
L^'Jj, ib., p. 100, near the end), and in the subjunctive of a verb
terminating thus (-^Ju ^, ib., p. 81) ; and, again, the fathah
as sign for both cases, nasb and khafz, in imperfectly declined
nouns, if not in construction or preceded by the article, when the
oblique case takes kasrah (ib., p. 100, 51 ; p. 108, Note).
Coming to the vocalization of other verbal forms as ruled by
grammar, the student has above all to notice whether the first
radical of a primitive preterite (or the moved servile letters of its
derived forms) and the prefix of an aorist is to be marked with
fathah or zammah (respectively kasrah under hamzat al-wast}.
The zammah in the former case indicates that the preterite is
passive, and it is followed by kasrah under the second radical
( ,-&-*, ^^JL-^i\). If the zammah stands over the prefix of an
aorist, the latter is either active of a quadriliteral verb, whether
original or derived from a triliteral by addition of a servile letter,
o .
when the penultima has kasrah for its vowel (^Ju=Jij ; ^^LaJ,
2nd form ; ^-^litf , 3rd form ; .j^Jij , 4th form, which, however,
is not in use with this verb) ; or it is passive, with fathah on the
^ o
penultima and any moved servile letter preceding it ( ^fJL> ;
^j'JL^J). Other rules for the vocalization of the aorist are too
elementary to need mention here. As to the imperative, the
nouns of action, the participles, the infinitives with mim, the
nouns of time, place, and instrument, a reference to Gramm.,
pp. 29, 32, 42, 46-50 will suffice.
With regard to vocalization, as to be ascertained by the
Dictionary, it is far more difficult to formulate guiding principles,
for the Dictionary is capricious, and tvill be consulted, however
tedious the process may appear to the learner. This applies in
particular to the vowel of the second radical of a triliteral
preterite and its change in the aorist, according to which the
XIV EDITORS PREFACE.
triliteral verb is ranged into the six classes described Gramin.,
p. 30, 26. In all other respects the Grammar will again afford
powerful assistance, if careful reference is made to its remarks on
derived nouns (p. 51, 8-11), to its various tables of infinitives or
nouns of action (p. 42-45), and especially to those of broken
plurals (p. 114-133), together with the general view of the
formation of such which follows them. The attentive student
will soon find out many analogies for his direction, in which he
will be greatly aided by noticing the division of thematic forms
or of fully inflected words into syllables. Taking, for instance,
the dissyllabic stems with a weak letter of prolongation in the
second syllable, he will observe that derivatives of the measure
JUi are nouns, of JUi intensitives of the agent or J^U, denoting
one who exercises a trade or handicraft, of JUi mostly infinitives
of the 3rd form, of JUs substantives, etc. ; that derivatives of
the measure J-jti and J^xi are generally adjectives, of J^.o
either broken plurals or infinitives. Again, if he meets with one
of the five outlines ci^^dJ, o^-^J, cu4^J, .*&> ^*a-Sj , the
sukiin on the final of the first word, evidently a 3rd person fern,
of a preterite, would show him that the ya stands between two
vowels, and as the Dictionary has told him that the preterite
.j-zJ terminates in alif maqsurah, and therefore would form the
fern. cu~JJ , the word can only be the fern, of the passive
mentioned above (p. xiii), and would read c^l^J, where, in
analogy with the plural Laj\ and the v.n. 2 <L*aJU , the ytf
represents a weak consonant moved byfathah. On the contrary,
the absence of the sukan in the second outline shows that it is
the final which is to be moved, either by zammah or fathah,
indicating the 1st or 2nd person sing, respectively of the same
preterite passive ; while in m^laj , the corresponding forms of
the active, the alif maqsurah, which we have seen in nouns
LCE. XV
before a pronominal affix changed into \ (see p. xi above), and
which before the cu of the 3rd person fern, has disappeared
entirely, becomes here a quiescent yCi ', and forms with the pre-
ceding fathah the diphthong ai, as in prepositions to which
pronouns are affixed. As for the last two words, the lexicon
showing that ^H takes kasrah in the aorist, and that it has no
fourth conjugation, ^g-aJb can only be marked wi\h fathah on its
prefix, as aorist of the primitive verb, and .*& must be passive
of the same, with zammah in the first syllable.
Reasoning in this manner, and making constant use of the
grammatical tables, the student will soon acquire a certain
amount of readiness in supplying the proper vowels, and if in
doubtful cases he has recourse to the Dictionary, and marks the
required signs down in his copy, the point at issue will impress
itself more forcibly upon his memory than by meeting with it
a dozen times in a vocalized text. I may mention that in pro-
portion as the vowel-signs are dropped in our edition, those
which are of a particularly leading nature have been transferred
to the notes, and will throw additional light on the passages
illustrated therein.
The Vocabulary to the last Ten Assemblies has been compiled
with great care from de Sacy's Commentary, and from various
vernacular sources, of which I notice an excellent MS. in my
possession, with numerous marginal and interlinear glosses,
mostly in Arabic, but partly also in Persian ; Sherishi's third
and largest Commentary, published at Bulaq; and Bostani's
Dictionary, Muhit, two small folio volumes brought out in
Beyrout. This Vocabulary is intended to prepare the aspiring
young Arabist for the study of the native Commentaries and
lexicographical works, to the latter of which the Muhit forms
a valuable introduction, while the goal to be reached by him in
xvi EDITOR'S PREFACE.
this particular discipline, if he feels inclined to devote himself
to it, would be the Qamiis, with the vast Commentary on this
standard work, now in progress of publication at Bulaq.
Although I am fully convinced, by practical experience, of
the efficacy of my plan, having followed it in my own studies
when I first took up Arabic twenty years ago, I am painfully
conscious that its execution falls far short of my design. This,
however, is not owing to neglect or want of painstaking on my
part, but to a sore calamity with which I have been afflicted of
late. The continual reading and writing of trying Oriental
characters, combined with sedentary habits, had seriously
affected my eye-sight, when, after completion of my Persian-
English Dictionary, I began in September, 1893, the printing of
my edition, towards the cost of which the Secretary of State for
India in Council had granted a generous subvention to the then
publishers, Messrs. W. H. Allen & Co. The mists prevailing
in London at that season rendered the task of correcting the
proofs so injurious to my eyes, that their deterioration progressed
rapidly, and at the beginning of 1894 I was totally blind
through cataract in both of them. Four operations in the
course of that and the following year restored my sight in
a certain measure, but left it, as it is only too natural at the age
of 73, in a precarious condition, which I must plead as my
excuse both for the long delay in the final appearance of the
book, and for the misprints and oversights which have crept
into it, The most serious of these latter blemishes are the
following errors relative to the metres : On p. 14, 1. 7, add
a fourth foot ^,- - to the metre, and in the definition of the
Rajaz mashtur, p. 25, n. 33, substitute the word "half-lines" for
"normal four feet." On p. 78, n. 50, the metre should scan:
EDITOR'S PREFACE. xvii
on p. 192, n. 8, the scheme of the verses ought to be :
> ^ >^
^
on p. 220, n. 49, scan :
on p. 355, n. 9, I was misled by a statement in the second
edition of de Sacy to give the metre of two lines as Ramal,
which in that case would be mak^zum, as described in the note ;
but on consideration I found them to be Hazaj, as p. 53, n. 7,
scanning : ^ ^ .
These mistakes I beg the student to rectify at once ; minor
defects, as the occasional omission or misplacement of diacritical
dots, or the printing of the sign instead of , and vice versa,
he will easily discover, and I hope condone on account of the said
infirmity. If he finds himself in any perplexity past solving
unaided, I shall always be happy to answer any queries directed
to me at my address below, or to undertake a course of reading
with him at moderate terms, from which I can promise him rapid
progress.
F. STEINGASS, PH.D.
6, GAIRLOCH ROAD, CAMBEBWELL, S.E.
September, 1897.
CONTENTS
EDITOR'S PREFACE
SYNOPSIS OP THE METRES
ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA
HARIRI'S PREFACE
IST ASSEMBLY, call
2ND ,,
3RD ,, ,,
4TH ,, ,,
5TH ,, ,,
6TH ,, ,,
7TH ,,
STH ,, ,,
JTH ,, , ,
10TH ,, ,,
llTH
12TH ,, ,,
13TH
HTH ,,
15TH ,, ,,
16TH ,, ,,
17TH ,, ,,
18TH ,, ,.
19TH ,, ,.
20TH
21ST
22ND ,, ,
23iiD ,.
24TH ,, ,
25TH ,, ,,
26TH
27TH ,, ,
28TH
29TH ,, ,
30TH
PAGE
iii
xxi
:NDA ........
xxvii
.........
1
of Sana*
9
of Hulwan .......
15
of the Denar
23
of Damietta
29
of Kufah
36
of Maraghah
43
of Barqa'id ... ...
52
of Ma'arrah
58
of Alexandria
65
of Rahbah . . . .
73
of Sawah
79
of Damascus
86
of Bagdad . . .
95
of Mecca
102
the Legal
108
of Maghrib .......
118
the Reversed
125
of Sinjar
132
of Nasibin
143
of Maiyafariqin
150
of Raiy
155
of the Euphrates ......
163
of the Precinct
170
of the Portion ......
181
of Karaj
191
the Spotted
197
of the Tent-dwellers
205
of Samarqand
215
of Wasit
221
of Tyrus
232
XX
CONTENTS.
31sr ASSEMBLY,
33uD ,,
34TH
SOTH ,,
36TH ,,
37TH ,,
38TH
39TH ,,
40TH ,,
41sr ,,
42ND
43RD ,,
44TH ,,
40TH ,,
46TH ,,
47TH ,,
48TH
49TH
50xH ,,
VOCABULAUY TO
called of Raralah .
,, of Taibah .
of Tiflis .
,, of Zabid
,, of Shiraz .
,, of Malatiyah
,, of Sa'dah .
,, of Merv
,, of Oman
,, of Tabreez .
,, of Tinnees .
,, of Najran .
,, of Hadramaut
,, of the "Winter-night
,, of Eamleh .
,, of Aleppo .
,, al-Hajriyah
,, of the Banu Haram
,, of Sasan
,, of Basrah .
THE LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES
240
247
270
275
287
292
306
316
324
334
348
352
357
365
374
377
385
390
396
401
409
OF THE METRES.
The Roman number after the name of each Metre shows the ( Aruz, the Arabic
one designates the Zarb. In the References the Roman number indicates
the Assembly.
fiasit, i, 1 :
twice.
ii, p. 19, n. 44 ; p. 20 (21), n. 51 ; xxv, p. 196, n. 63 ; xxxvii,
p. 312, n. 54 ; xliv, p. 367, n. 2; xlvi, p. 381, n. 6 ; n. 8.
, i, 2 :
xxiv, p. 189, n. 60; xxxi, p. 243, n. 38 : xxxviii, p. 320, n. 45 ;
xlvii, p. 386, n. 2 ; p. 388, n. 4.
-, iii, 2 :
twice.
xxxvi, p. 299, n. 54; -p. 300, n. 67; xlvi, p. 379, n. 3;
L, p. 404, n. 2.
ITazaJ, i, 1 :
twice.
vii, p. 53, n. 7 ; xlii, p. 355, n. 9.
, 11 ;
^ I ^ - - twice.
xi, p. 81, n. 32; p. 85, n. 62.
Kdmil, i, 1 :
v_/vx >-' ^ -^ ' ^- s_x ^-^ twice.
xxi, p. 159, n. 49; xxii, p. 168, n. 59; xxxiv, p. 278, n. 40;
xlvi, p. 381, n. 7.
XX11
SYNOPSIS OF THE MKTRKS.
xxiii, p. 172, n. 28 ; xxvi, p. 202, n. 45.
, ii, 1 :
sj^_/ ^ s_7^ < ' ^ " * twice.
xxxvi, p. 303, n. 84.
, iii, 1 :
vi, p. 49, n. 59; xvii, p. 131, n. 69; xxxvi, p. 298, n. 52;
p. 299, n. 56; p. 301, n. 76; p. 302, n. 81; xlviii,
p. 395, n. 5.
^^ ^ twice.
iv, p. 35, n. 80 ; xvi, p. 122, n. 29 : xix, p. 150, n. 59 ; xxiii,
p. 173, n. 43; p. 177, n. 87; xxix, p. 230, n. 77; xxxiv,
p. 286, n. 113; xxxvi, p. 297, n. 45; p. 298, p. 49; p. 301,
n. 72; xxxix, p. 333, n. Ill ; xlix, p. 400, n. 3.
m_aflf % i, 1 :
- >-* twice.
x, p. 78, n. 50 (see correction, Preface, p. xvi) ; xv, p. 112,
n. 42; p. 114, n. 63; p. 117, n. 74; xviii, p. 140, n. 103;
xxvi, p. 201, n. 38; xxvii, p. 209, n. 29; xxxv, p. 292,
n. 46 ; xxxviii, p. 323, n. 77 ; xxxix, p. 330, n. 82 ; xlvi,
p. 379, n. 2 ; p. 380, n. 4 ; p. 382, n. 10.
-, iii, 1 :
> - twice.
xii, p. 94, n. 89; xxxi, p. 246, n. 65; xxxvi, p. 302, n. 78;
xlviii, p. 393, n. 4.
SYNOPSIS OF THE MKTKIS.
\\lll
tass maj-u, :
^ - ^ twice.
i, p. 12, n. 55; p. 22, n. 60; xiii, p. 100, n. 40; xiv. p. 105,
n. 27; p. 107, n. 50; xxxvi, p. 296, n. 43; p. 297, n. 4-1;
p. 301, n. 74 ; p. 302, n. 79; xlii, p. 357, n. 13.
Munsarih, i, 1 :
viii, p. 61, D. 20; ix, p. 68, n. 32; xxxviii, p. 322. n. 65.
, i, 2 :
xxviii, p. 220, n. 49.
- twice.
i, p. 14, n. 72 (where the metre is to be corrected accordingly) ;
xix, p. 145, n. 17; xxxii, p. 268, n. 190; xxxiii, p. 274,
E. 55; xlvi, p. 384, n. 11.
-, i, 3 (mahzuf} :
^s s_x ^^ \~/ , <.
^^ V_x s_^ S.X \*-S /
iii, p. 28, n. 65 ; vi, p. 51, n. 75 ; xii, p. 92, n. 72 ; xvi, p. 124,
n. 48; xxxiii, p. 272, n. 38; xlii, p. 356, n. 12 ; xliii,
p. 363, n. 3.
Rajaz, ii :
^ twice.
xiv, p. 103, n. 17 (where 2nd is to be read for 3rd); xvi, p. 121,
n. 23 ; xxvi, p. 203, n. 57 ; xxxv, p. 300, n. 69 ; L, p. 405, n. 3.
XXIV
SYNOPSIS OF THE METRES.
tz, iii (Iidjaz mashtur) :
- ^ - -s^_ ^ ^, _, with one rhyme running through
all the lines, which are mostly of an odd number.
iii, p. 25, n. 33 (see Editor's Preface, p. xvii) ; p. 26, n. 46 ;
v, p. 37, n. 9; p. 39, n. 27; viii, p. 63, n. 41 ; xxi, p. 161,
n. 81 ; xxxiv, p. 276, n. 22 ; p. 283, n. 82 ; xliii, p. 360, n. 2 ;
xliv, p. 373, n. 4.
v :
I ~
itor's Preface, p. xvii) ; xxxiv, p. 282,
; xliv, p. 365, n. 1 ; xlvii, p. 389, n. 6.
LV, p. 192, n. 8 (see Editor's Preface, p. xvii); x:
n. 77 ; xl, p. 344, n. 90 ; xliv, p. 365, n. 1 ; xlvii,
All these are mashtur.
Sari', i, 1 :
ii. p. 19, n. 41 ; xiii, p. 98, n. 18 ; xx, p. 151, n. 8 ; xxi, p. 162,
n. 88; xxxvii, p. 310, n. 37; xlv, p. 374, n. 1; xlvi,
p. 378, n. 1.
-, i, 2:
twice.
iv, p. 32, n. 50; xxxiii, p. 271, n. 22; xxxv, p. 290, n. 31 ;
xli, p. 350, n. 2 ; p. 351, n. 3 ; xlvi, p. 380, n. 5.
, i, 3 :
xix, p. 146, n. 29; xxv, p. 194, n. 41 ; xxxvii, p. 314, n. 67;
p. 315, n. 78 ; xl, p. 345, n. 101 ; xlv, p. 374, n. 1.
Itamal, ii, 2 :
- twice.
ix, p. 71, n. 69; xxvii, p. 214, n. 75; xxx, p. 238, n. 61 ;
xxxii, p. 267, n. 182 ; xxxvi, p. 304, n. 96.
SYNOPSIS OF THE MKTKKS.
XXV
Tawil, i, 1 :
xlii, p. 355, n. 8 ; xlviii, p. 393, nr 3.
-, i, 2 :
n. 01 ; xxiu, p. i/o, n.
n. 3 ; xlv, p. 377, n. 2 ;
xlii, p. 354, n. 6.
Wdfvr, i :
-- twice.
xxiv, p. 183, n. 20 ; xxxi, p. 241, n. 11 ; xxxiv, .p. 279, n. 50 ;
xlii, p. 354, n. 5; p. 355, n. 10; xlviii, p. 391, n. 2 (in
de Sacy, 2nd edition, wrongly described as Eajaz).
-, ii, 1 :
twice.
xlii, p. 354, n. 7 ; p. 356, n. 11.
, ii, 2 :
xxxvi, p. 297, n. 47 ; xlii, p. 353, n. 4.
ADDENDA ET CORBIGEKDA.
Page 5, last line, read Synopsis for Appendix.
,, 14, note 72, see correction of the metre in the Preface.
9
,, 37, line 1, read *^-Jj for A***J
C 9
,, 49, line 7, read &***4*d\ for <U-**^2ji .
,, 64, line 18, read Hiickert for Huckert.
,, 78, note 50, see correction of the metre in the Preface.
,, 99, line 12, read IfcjJ^J for UjJ^J .
103, line 26, read 2nd for 3rd.
,, 192, note 8, see correction of the metre in the Preface.
,, 217, note 4, read^.-^ JjZa$\ instead of vice versa.
,, 220, reference 52 belongs to \>\ J in the next line.
9 f
,, 222, line 3, read ^uJlj\ for t z~>\J\ .
,, 249, line 25, read jJJ! %-^X> Jj-Jl for ^i* etc., and compare
my note in the translation of the Assembly.
**
,, 272, note 36, read^iJ for^Aj .
273, line 11, read g&\ for JP\.
,, 284, line 1, read te\ij~+>\ for <L3\Jfc*J .
,, 287, line 22, read t-Jy^ for Jj^j.
,, 288, line 1, read ^pki for ^4J.
,, 292, line 18, read ''<$eL*, Malatiyah, also Malatyah," for
" a,J^kL, Maltlyah, also Maltiyah," and see iny note to the
translation of Assembly XXXVI.
XX Mil ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA.
Page 293, line 16, read " u^*iasj\ for CJy* " instead of
for e^."
,, 294, lines 4 and 17, read C^U for C^U, and substitute in
note 22 "passed away," for ' died, i.e."
307, line 15, read XIII for XXXIII.
309, note 30, read tl&ll for CL&3 .
,, 310, line 15, read pregnant for barren.
319, line 10, read *,s* for
332, line 1, read ^ for
334, line 12, read &\f for &>.
349, line 3, read c^laJl for c^^L
355, note 9, see correction of the metre in the Preface.
382, line 5, add the reference 9 after Jjtsl! |j.
41 1, add after the entry J^ :
P. 389, 1. 6.
HARtRt'S PREFACE.
<> <> rf
-^w.Ji
1. jjLj (v.n. of ,j^) } perspicuity, explanation, a rendering clear
to others, and therefore " taught" (ci^Xii) by Allah, who, in the
Qur'an, has set the most perspicuous (^j-.-J*) example of it; ^U-J^,
as a technical term, stands for 'rhetoric," or rather the complex of
all the disciplines, which refer to the theory of style and composition,
both in prose and poetry. 2. ^l^o (a secondary form of v.n. 2 of
^.j-j), separating and distinguishing ideas in one's own mind, which
is said to be inspired (i^Ji.jD by the Creator. 3. c^x-J^ , lit.
thou hast made (the robe) so long as to reach the ground," hence
thou hast made abundant and complete. 4. *Uai!l ^ LU^Lji] U,
what veil thou hast lowered, referring to the divine name,jl^-j, the
Yeiler, i.e. He who veils the sin of the truly repentant. 5. j^JJT iy>,
vehemence of fluency," impetuosity of unrestrained speech. 6.
jJ^J! J^J- 1 , prolixity of ^talkativeness. 7. { M^\t inarticulate or
faltering speech. 8. .^<j ' , " hesitation," impediment, being tongue-
tied. 9. i^iD , we seek to be guarded against, defended from.
10. "lac! (v.n. 4 of ^ii), closing or averting the eye, connivance.
1
HARIRI'S PREFACE.
''Jx^LJ, * ^fUu
* e
14 * j^JT 1 i is lL# tKt. ^>iJj * c
* tj l3~^ tfLJ *
V ^V
*
* j.j *
j * * tit L**; * jbic *
18 jj y j^fiJjj * ^JvT 17 4 u^ ^ j^ * ^ui J * i
3 * .& t^a ^ uJ,ft3 * ^jU ^ JfJ Is *
*
* *^ j *
13 JJ^* bJU * 23 U
11. 'ijjjj, (v.n. of c^jjX treating with contempt, contumely. 12. jj
(v.n.), driving, urging on, carrying. 13. LL^. (pi. of <Qj>-), places
marked out for building, " domain." 14. c-^iax^ (partic. 5 of L--4JO,
.. JT' ^
turning about, dealing with. 15. ilsr^ , demonstration," sound
argument. 16. tddtfi ^1^5, the knowledge or due estimate of our
power or capability. 17. Jo Lap- (pi. of ^Ju^as*-), mowings, harvests,
swaths, here cutting sayings. 18. J4^-c- (pi. of aLJJU), calamities,
evils, ills. 19. ^--5/^-j , adornment, especially of a showy and
trumpery kind, tinselled speech. 20. jybji (jussive pass, of ^j\
may be come upon from behind, overtaken. 21. ,jb , hasty speech or
.~
action. 22. LJS*^ ^ (4 ^-s*^), let us not be in the forenoon away
from, place us not outside of. 23. j_^ I* <u*a, a morsel for the
masticator, an expression attributed by tradition to Muhammad, for
assaults of slanderers." 24. IxjusT, we have cut through the
HARIRIS PREFACE.
throat (of a sheep in slaughtering it), here we have been thorough.
25. (j-^lc ti, compare Qur'an, Ixxxiii. 18. 26. J^Jj, or jJb tll,
and (but) after, i.e. " and now to proceed," the formula of transition
from the introductory prayer to the subject matter of a discourse, said
to be originated by Quss, an eloquent Christian preacher of Hajrun
at the time of Muhammad. 27. l^jSl, here learning, scholarship,
especially that which is comprised in our term belles-lettres. 28. ^j Jj
^UjJ^ , Badi'u 'z-zaman, "the wonder of the age," title of honour given
to Abu'l-Pazl Ahmad ibn al-Husain al-Hamadani, who died A.H. 398
(A.D. 1008), and of whom more will be found in the Preface. 29. }J *^3
4J^5tj;J' , something indefinite not made known or particularized, as
a noun is by the article. 30. ^ <j J-5 U , what is said with regard
HARIRI'S PREFACE.
31 Ui-^T * \ l;
j
l *
UU * ii* Is
uj *
* |j^.
lc ^s^ <uliu wu^s*. * ^ *'^ ) * *
* * * *
. * c^l^l ^ ^ l^i. U Ji * *,J^ V
V t-' ^ ^> > Vi_^ <x^ ^ * ^
32
1^
c^kiJT^ *
35 * T 34 <u is *
* j
i U. *
to him who, referring to the saying, that an author, if successful,
is made a target for envious and malevolent criticism, if he fails, for
opprobrium and derision. 31. L^Jjb^, I wished redemption, asked
> \ \
to be released from, deprecated." 32. ^s^W' (pi. of a^^^U,
riddles. 33. Js* (partic. pass. 8 of ^o), what is eaten as the first
ripe fruit, original. 34. i__x-j>-L?\ (pi. of Hjsz-*\), laughable
things, jests, plaisantries. 35. ^^^\ (4 of jL*), I dictated, I
indited as by the tongue." 36. ^oU^J (v.n. 4 of j^U:>-), a camel's
changing its pasture-ground from sweet herbs to salt ones ; hence,
HARIRI'S PREFA< K.
^J -lil c
* Ifb jJT *J
metaphorically, "varying the subject." 37. J^, blackness, takes
amongst other metaphorical meanings that of crowd, great number
of people," as forming a black mass when seen from a distance.
38. t^l^U?, twins, the two couplets referred to being thus called
because they belong to the same author (see the 2nd and 25th
Assemblies). 39. ,ju. ^j^, father of its virginity, applied to a
poem by a self-evident metaphor, means the author who first
broaches it. 40. CjUlc jV- ' foremost reacher of winning posts,
outrunner of goals. 41. <LJjJi, Abu '1-Faraj ibn Qudamah ibn
Ja'far ibn Ziyud, a celebrated scribe of Bagdad, proverbial for
eloquence and purity of style. 42. cJuJo, she wept, lamented,
mourned, refers to a turtle-dove, which the poet, probably Adi ibn
ar-Ruqa , has heard bewailing the absence of her mate. The
metre of the verses is J-Jj-k , first ^jjj-c > second t^-tf : ^ -
^ - ^ - ^ ^ , both half-lines alike (see the alpha-
betical list of metres in the Appendix). 43. ^ u^o^Uo , etc., like
HARIRI S PREFACE.
*
U
i * J*V 47 A^ ^
<> x - ^
*
*
* cjJu |j jjiu *
* c
c*o
. * c
*j.J
*
*
the one (meaning a sheep) -which scratched up its death (i.e. the knife
with which its owner was to kill it) with its hoof, proverb applied to
a man who brings about his own destruction (see Frey tag's Arabum
Proverbia, ii. 394). 44. lXi-2? . . . ^ r uhri^j > , quotation from
Qur'an, xviii. 103. 45. ( -jljL^/Jl, one careless or indifferent.
46. Jo; ^ aj , he warded off from me, defended me; in translating the
passage, remember that in a conditional sentence the preterite has
>>
the force of a future or subjunctive. 47. ^.i, inexperienced, raw,
a simpleton. ^Xc^J, full of rancour, spiteful. 48. --05, here
a literary composition." 49. e 3L* (pi. of ^^0, edifices, founda-
\^, \^,
tions. 50. lAJtjUk 6 (pi. of J U^), dumb brutes. 51. uy
(pl. of jU^>-), inanimate objects. 52. ^.^ ( v - n - ^ ^ ^^
sense of mixing), gilding, glozing, making an idle display. 53.
place whither one turns, in the direction of which one moves, hence
o p
purpose. 54. c^o jlii (pi. of &<&\)> lies, falsehoods, f ablings.
HARIRI'S PREFACE.
55
u
5 -j
A>
* 5 ijU
* LA> uu * tj&j * s^ u 4 * &;?->
* S 56 UT u * j u
* -J c e * JT *
55. U ^ ^Lc ^, nothing is (scored) against me, and nothing (due) to
me, " without any debt against me or to me." The metre of the
verses is the same as above, Jj^ with ^-2^ in the final foot of either
half-line, i.e. ^jlcli^* (^ ^ ) for gjLtcU* (^ - ). The
couplet is an allusion to one of the poet al-Ahnaf ibn al-'Abbas.
56. c IA^ , that which causes fear, and also a person or place to
which one flees in fear, refuge.
*
-0 <*, /f r S \~\ "*
..i \ .. o iT ? { " fc l j * * *"T
A J L. ^> V A^> .-.>.^J V._) L-^-i-^ > ^' ' LSrZ 1 *- (-3rf.T' Si CJ
1
ASSEMBLY I. CALLED "OF SAN'A."
-^fT 'c^u <l**jT ui JIB r Ufc ^ J
(^- c
1. c ^Lc, a (camel-)liump, here used for the beast itself.
2. CJl)\ (4 of t_U), removed. 3. &*+ , poverty, misery, as making
i ' i
people to grovel in the dust (c-^J , ^-r?)/)- 4. C->y 1 (pi. of <-rj'),
of the same age, coevals, friends. 5. *f\yo (pi. of <Lsr:lL), things
i . "V
falling down, calamities, assaults, shocks." 6. ^iJj (pi. of <UzJj),
quivers (of leather), wallets, bags. 7. jjoUiill u^^V > manifest of
(i.e. in my) need. 8. *jU (partic. of *-&>), one enamoured, be-
wildered, crazed. 9. <Ljp- , bulk of water or sand, depths." 10. >jU~
(partic. of /*_j*-), circling round, as a thirsty bird. 11. ^Lu^ (pi.
of <tsruu^), roamings. 12. *j! Jui, a going or coming in the morning ;
^b-j t , a going or coming in the evening. 13. ^jS\ (2 of ^jj), made
come, brought. 14. i_JllalV\ &ssC\a , the first of (divine) favours,
after many trials. 15. j-Lc j^s-* (partic. 8 of ,^>-), consisting of,
containing, in which (is or) was." 16. <uLsr* , what draws forth.
t,
17. cl^sr 9 ! (pi. of -2=~ ! , cooing of a dove, then rhymed prose),
"cadences." 18. ^-\j (pi. of M^|j) chidings, reproofs. 19.
(pi. of *s*)\ crowds. 20. +\*\ (pi. of *), spathes, sheaths, shells.
21. j^**-cj^ (8 of (j-^j), that I might take a brand, or light from,
i.e. profit by. 22. j^llLi) (pi. of <UluJiJi), facial bags of the throats
of camels, which protrude under the influence of rage or excitement
with a roaring noise, here applied to the impetuosity of the speaker's
improvised utterances. 23. jt>Ls, thunderstruck, not knowing or
caring what he is about, "reckless." 24. ^*U-, restive, running
away with, "headstrong." 25. *L^i., idle talk. 26. .Jl, for
U ^\ t until when, how long? 27. Air*. , for U ,<-^>- , to what
extent? 28. ,J>\^j (6 of J], thou reachest the utmost limit, art
11
extreme. 29. ^^->, mystery, secret thought, secret. 30.
(6 of ojj)> thou withdrawest from sight, hidest thyself. 31.
anything hidden. 32. ^\ (pret. of ^J^), the time has come. 33.
o
(4 of (Jj)}, gives over to destruction. 34. L_Ce ^^y (4 of
will suffice for thee, viz., as a protection. 35. ui^l&ife'*, thy
gathering-place, i.e. resurrection to receive judgment. 36.
(8 of -j^), thou hast walked in, struck in. 37. ^Jcarl (8
animosity against, enmity, transgression, iniquity. 38.
thy greatest enemy, in the sense of Al-Asma'i's saying to a man who
had given him food " God confound all thy enemies except thyself."
39. J-JU, sleep at noon, place for such, resting-place in general.
40. r~&*, final destination. 41. ci^ux^Uj (6 of ^/***3), thou hast
feigned to be asleep. 42. U^vu*ll (6 of ^*je), thou hast feigned
to protrude the breast and draw in the back, like a restive camel,
" thou hast strained against." 43. j^s. (pi. of ^lc), examples,
especially warning ones. 44. c-*j^W (6 of i_$/*)> thou hast given
12 ASSEMBLY I.
o T I . 46 x > o 45
* ^ * *" i= *
*
*
* 48 cjl35JUT f JU^i *
l .ft G ^GM A I .
* i u.3 *
* *UWtt ^ 54 ^T^ ^^^ *
* *iias? ^,1 J*.T 2itj i!3T AS *
J LJ J
^j ^ 6 ' Cc ,.fi'
way to doubts, hast questioned or disputed it. 45. LLxi (4 of
.jC<), it has enabled thee, has been possible to thee, has been in thy
power. 46. L <-'^ (3 of y-^), thou hast assisted another (from out of
thy own substance, not thy superfluities). 47. <Ux3' (aor. of
which thou mayest preserve, keep in mind. 48. culi'jua^
"the heightening of dowries." 49. Ll^li'Jual! ^lj^,the uninter-
rupted bestowal of alms, continuance of almsgivings." 50. i ils* 9
(pi. of <U^*), platters, dishes. 51. ^\^\ (pi. of <jjS), colours, many-
coloured things ; metaphorically, various meats. 52. u-c^ls^ (pi. of
c-o c-
ajL^-^), leaves of a book, pages. 53. ujytli = ^J. Ju! I , what is
'^j'" S C "
known to be right, righteousness, opposed to : 54. ^JJ I = .&&] I ,
that which is objectionable, wrong, deceit. 55. J \JU , perdition to,
woe to, out upon. These verses belong to the metre ci^^*
_jj^* , i.e. cut short of the last foot of each half -line, whose measure
therefore is:- ^ ^ , here with the licence of shortening
the first syllable of each foot. 56. ^U^, scanty remainder of fluid
OF SAN *A.
13
* *
*
jftj * A-=
lj
in a vessel or tank, a droplet. 57. ^xsj-ls^ JuJ, lie laid his dust-
cloud, i.e. ceased from his vehement speech, which is also the meaning
of the next phrase, he let his spittle sink away or subside."
58. Iajl3', he put under his armpit (^1), appropriately used with
regard to the staff, which requires a tighter or narrower hold than
the bottle, the latter being placed under the fore-arm (Ju2.-l).
4
59. fL^-s ^ ^-s?* 3 , a bucket from his stream. Compare to this
Chenery's excellent note, p. 282, on the metaphors in Arabic poets
I* ** 9
taken from water in its importance for Arab life. 60. u*jLx , half-
closing his eyes, from shame at receiving alms. 61. %-^*, what is
spread before, road, here "the way he went." 62. (J^, my
. <-.0
aspect, i.e. identity or person. 63. ^_;UuJ ] (7 of L-^-J), he slipped,
o .
as a snake. 64. &Jlfl , I granted him a delay, allowed him time.
i^ * i . .
65. The Beyrout edition, which in a note explains u Jls^ 1 as sitting
on the right or left " (i.e. side by side, like a pair of shoes), reads
ASSEMBLY I. OF SAN*A.
in the text uill*, sitting opposite. 66. L!^.O^, thy tale, i.e. pro-
fession. 67. (JjC^s^*, what is told or experienced of thee, thy
CO o
practice. 68. &Ju 1 ^sj , the puff of heat. 69. J^CJ Jo, " he
o
went near to burst," all hut hurst. 70. c^.*>- (^>0> went down,
was extinguished. 71. j\j\ , glare of a fire or the sun, metaphorically
applied to rage, fury. 72. 2Lu*c&, a hlack robe, as worn by
preachers. The metre of the verses is e.j>jUh, first ^^ ^ ^ of the
first (jo*jZ S w - I -^ - ^ - - , twice repeated, with the
licences here indicated, and an occasional change of the last foot of
the first half-line from ^- - into ^ . 73. 4-j .! (4 of pjj),
I strive for, try to capture, " steal against." 74. ^^ , and the
following <kA*iJJ , the hunter or chaser and the game or chased, are
explained by others less satisfactorily as the male and female game.
75. L-^J1>1 *) (aor. of c--^fi>), I fear not, here with the force of the
preterite on account of i) . 76. Ai.*?, its (fortune's) change, its
o '
vicissitudes. 77. <*^ .c^l ^ , nor led me ; the subject to this verb
o
in the fern, is ^aJ^^ ^/*AJ , a greedy mind, a covetous soul."
o
78. cjLaJi (4 of i a*a.i ), he took the half, divided into two equal
ASSEMBLY II. OF HULWAN.
jf jti, * ib
81
.
parts, hence he was just, equitable. 79. Some MSS. read 3)j, and
if not. 80. ^J _3icwiU ^y*j , by Him from whom thou seekest pro-
* * ^C-O
tection against. 81. e-^-s* ' c^^iJ, I completed my wonderment,
i.e. I was extreme in it.
ASSEMBLY II. CALLED "OF HULWAN."
lj *
*
1. JUJ (pi. of cU-^*J), amulets, which were tied round children's
necks to protect them against the evil eye. 2. *jl/KC (pi. of <L*Ux),
turbans, the wearing of which marked the period of maturity reached
by a boy. L^k-^* and c^L-J are pass, of L-^ and Ly , here to
doff" and "to don" respectively. 3. ^LJ\ (4 of j*a-5), I make
lean, I jade. 4. J&e^j that I might cleave to ; notice in this and
16
ASSEMBLY II.
*
the two preceding verbs the c T -^a3 , depending on ^1 in the former,
i . I -V
and on the J in this. 5. /^uuj, (v.n. 8 of ^/MwJ)i borrowing fire
from another, hence borrowing, taking as a loan in general. 6. ^XaJ'
(v.n. 5 of 1^0*3), donning the garment j^/^J, a kind of vest or
tunic. 7. JJj (J-jj- t ^*' w ^ was S rea ^ or ^ sm all account.
ww U* *
8. (Jxlj ,5***^ (5 of Jx) jLu! , I divert or beguile myself with
u perhaps" and " might be," i.e. with hope and desire. 9. ^J^- ,
Hulwan, a town about four stations east of Bagdad, noted for two
palm trees to which a remarkable legend is attached (see Freytag,
Prov. Arab. ii. 47). 10. u.JjtiJ , shifting (in the moulds or forms
of genealogy, in the varieties of pedigrees "). 11. b*^, stumbling,
groping, " beating about " (the aor., as in the preceding phrase, here
being best translated by the participle). 12. ^LaLj J\, race of
Sasan, the son of Bahman, from whom the Sasanian dynasty of
Persian kings descended, but who, from his early life as an exile
amongst the Kurds became the prototype and patron of vagabonds
and beggars (comp. the 49th Assembly). 13. ^l-Aji J^> princes
of Ghassan, a tribe, originating in Yaman, but settled, after various
migrations, in Syria, where from about A.D. 292 for 350 years they
OF HULWAN.
17
* <U,b c-j|j. * <Lc.lk <
>
j
J\.
on
9 ? 9
'
became the ruling race under the protection of the Eomans. 14. _5!^ ,
impressive, causing fear or wonder, astonishing." 15. ?j^> sur '
passing (in excellence or beauty). 16. fcsAj ..... /^ a foot
mounting to the heights (lit. mountains) of the sciences. 17. |j! ,
a tool, organ ; here attainment, as a means to wealth and rank.
18. i/Jj (j^> he was associated with, the close adherence of
garments to the body being made a simile for any intimate com-
panionship, especially that between husband and wife. 19. <L?jlc,
here eloquence, fecundity of speech, fair speaking." 20. (J, L^wuuiU ,
I craved for. 21. .c^r^ (8 of ^l^-), I beheld displayed to me (as
a bride is to the bridegroom). The metre of these verses is
as explained page 5, note 42. 22. ,5-^ , kinship. 23.
fertilizing rain, rich harvest. 24. te/j , also AJbv, a space of time.
* * *' '
25. ijba (aor. of ^j), driving away, repelling, removing. 26. Jf^,
a bone picked or to be picked by a dog, hence the lack or want of it ;
a metaphor for poverty. 27. ;^U^ (pi. of \f~+\ here failures
18 ASSEMBLY II.
i * U
29
L, l^ 32 U. j * AjL
Ui
^k4, * 38 ajlL. J U ,cX-J ju^^ J
*-' '>>' ^"V " ^
28. ^\j\ (4 of (jij), profiting one, support, supply. 29. jlft^l
O
(v.n. 4 of (J>~), not obtaining one's object, failure, distress."
30. j! (pi. of /*bj), leading strings, reins. 31. ^Jl-i (pret. of
j^ib), he filled me with longing. Same metre as above. 32. ^
jJiUi- (pi. of L>-), possessor of friendly affections, friend. The
&
second J^U*- is pi. of &., quality, natural disposition. 33. Jcj-1 ,
aor. of ASJ-J . 34. Uu4>i pret. of c_j^ . 35. ^jcj** (8 of ^JJ),
place of assembly, as the following c xL* (8 of .J&} is a place of
meeting. 36. cj>^ , worn out, shabby, squalid. 37. (j^^r (pi. of
^U-), people sitting. 38. c >U?j (pi. of c-^j), skin-bags for
keeping milk, metaphorically receptacles for anything precious.
39. <ulla^ J~3^, the discrimination of his address, his discriminate
eloquence. 40. ijLc *)\ , Walid ibn 'Ubaid, more generally known
Af) \ \ 9
J^iJ. * ^xs*^l> aJ JU
" '' *
as Al-Bohtori, born at Kufah early in the 3rd century of the Hijrah,
f A.H. 283, called by some admirer "the seal," i.e. last and chief of
the later poets, whose merits and faults he possessed to a degree.
41. 1U1 in pause for \s\ (pi. of &\jJs?\}, camomile flowers. The
metre is _.; .**:, first (jGjrZ , first < -^? (^^^_ ^^^,_ __ ^ _ ,
!^ _ ^__ _^J_). 42. c_^_s*^ L> , an exclamation
expressive of astonishment, in which the initial J may be read with
fathah or kasrah. 43. * >,) j J , swollen, opposed to plump or fat.
This and the following expression : "thou hast blown on that which
is no fuel," are borrowed from the proverbial language of the desert
Arabs. 44. ^ tlXjbl) , literally " forbidding thee from," i.e.
a freshness and purity (y^i-1) which prohibits thee from asking for
any other, to express the highest degree of perfection. The metre is
-fi 4- * 4- * N ~ l/ s ~ x N *" x s "*' ^"^
a * .
twice. 45. jwt , for J/, which itself is a corruption of Ji. ^+ , from
20 ASSEMBLY IT.
UJ * *fc^
^ U-j JJ j^ * jjCLJ *b
when, i.e. since. It is generally followed by a nominative or an
oblique case, and here by the adverb of time /j-N, to-day, which it
emphasizes, like the English " this very day." 46. \Ja , he quoted
from the Q,ur un (xlix. 12). 47. S^ (pi. of \^yj} t reciters, as the
following 5Lii is pi. of .g*\ , healers, physicians. 48. \~\ (v.n. 8
of^r), consideration, minute inspection. 49. d\fa ^^s. -tf**^i >5,
there has been no weaving on its loom, i.e. nothing like it has been
produced. 50. te*?Ji , natural disposition, creative genius. 51. L.JU&,
a red oval fruit, resembling the olive in shape, and here a simile for
the henna-stained finger-tips, as ^*>-y , narcissus, is simile for the
eyes, jS j! , pearls, for tear-drops, J^ , rose, for the cheek, and <^ ,
hailstones, for the teeth. The metre of the couplet, said to be com-
posed by Abu'l-Faraj aKWawu, is Basit, as above, and as in the four
OF HULWAN. 21
fj 1y>&T, * &*^ ^'V? 1 ^
j\s *dj / j \yju-^ *
itjX^- *" ,LJ lj' * <GJ
* ^-*
distichs following next. 52. Mr. Chenery translates this : and she
dropped pearls from, a perfumed ring," and explains in the notes
tears from her eye." There is however, no occasion for tears, and
" a perfumed ring " would scarcely be applied to the eyes : it is
meant for the mouth, from which her words (j^- of the preceding
line) fall like pearls. 53. <UbUj , spotless purity, loyalty, ' honesty."
54. And a night (her glossy dark hair) gleamed upon a morn (her
bright face), and a branch (her slender figure) bore them both." The
extravagance of the similes in these and the preceding verses is evi-
dently a stroke of fine irony on Abu Zaid's or rather Hariri's part,
in which he criticises, what he had called the swollen style of the
H
originally quoted couplet of Al-Bohtori, by out-doing it. 55. <UJ.c>,
o
a steady fertile rain. 56. iylJ , rind, bark, shell, here apparel,
"clothing." 57. <jJU (v.n. 5 of <^), brightness, gleam. 58.
22 ASSEMBLY II. OF HULWAN.
60
c tT 64
i
ULl 4
the display of a bride, unveiled "beauty." 59. ^-
his dark night was moonlit, his black hair was intermingled with
white. 60. ^--^JJJ, continually changing, fickle. The metre of these
w ,P
verses is d^Jsr* , as in the first Assembly, note 55, p. 12. 61. J^J
(^ J), he was humble towards, submissive to, yielding. 62. c^-L*- ,
exceedingly deceptive, particularly applied to a cloud whose lightning
o .
is not followed by rain. 63. uFf*' (4 of u^r-*)> he trained or egged
on a hunting dog, he hounded against. 64. c-Jjk^- (pi. of
calamities.
ASSEMBLY III.
CALLED "OF THE DENAR," OB "OF QAILAH."
0* O
Jl
14
S
12
^^loj JIS *U^ ^j
,\j cs^J 1 * j\3; -^
1. Ju-ll3l (pi. of ifjyLjl), recitations. 2. u-^k (pi. of
rarities, novelties. 3. JujLl (pi. of jl^4), quotations referred to
an authority, anecdotes. 4. J-*~j, a worn garment. 5. Jj-S,
a limp. 6. j^leLl (pi. of ^-.^ or pi. of^>-^), best.
(pi. of ^>.J), stores, hoards, treasures. 8. ^5lj (pi. of
joyful tidings, "joys." 9. ylA.c (pi. of L-JLc), blood-relations,
kindred. 10. UL**0 l^r (imp. of *-c^), bid the morning to be
fair to you. 11. W-Lk^ 1 j^*JJ (imp. 4 of +xJ), may ye enjoy
^f. i ..
your morning draught. 12. ^^J (pi. of ,*), villages. 13. jUU
(pi. of ^|yU), dishes, platters. 14. t^r^, hospitable entertainment.
15. 4_^ks^ t_ jj\al (v.n. of c-^laJJ and pi. of L^JacL), the frowning
24 ASSEMBLY III.
*
* i *^ * / S-S * ' *
-o
* uu*lftj s^U 1 liS ^ *
* T ii^.t * ^-^ *
of adversities. 16. ,-> (pi. of '^j^}, sparks, fire-flakes." 17.
CjyJ^ L >Lij! (v.n. 8 of <^y and pi. of Ly respectively), the
coming or befalling one after another, the succession of vicissitudes.
18. e^-e^JJ (3rd pret. fern.), was bald, bare. 19. jU (pret. of
5i( ..
disappeared in the ground, sank. 20. ,_$yi (4 of oy)>
*"
void. 21. (j-sJi (4 of j^/ij), was strewn with pebbles, and
therefore hard. 22. i^vl&3)j ^jl?ljJi, what utters a sound and
what is silent, for cattle and goods." 23. %-^.y (4 of j-^j),
what makes fall, prostrates. 24. Jiix* (4 of %JJ), what exposes
to misery. 25. llk^^ (10 of .Jaj), we filled our bellies. 26.
rL^ (8 of J-s^), we anointed our eyes with. 27. jlfc. (pi. of
, low grounds, pits. 28. \j bj>\ (10 of U^) f we found soft or
smooth. 29. -.1^* (8 of ^-^)> destroying. 30. &*i, Qailah,
ancestress of the tribes Aus and Khazraj, and daughter of al-Arqam,
of the race of Ghassan, to which race therefore Abu Zai d refers
himself, by claiming descent from her. The mention of her name has
OF THE DEN A II.
25
31
*
35
"*/'
j Li
i
U
-*
1J
_**J
39
r-^ ' '
given rise to the second title of the Assembly. 31. JLs (pi. of
rhymes, couplets, choice verses. 32. ^L'lrS-! (v.n. 8 of -o^ used
adverbially), by way of testing or proving. 33. ^Le\ <U *\ , honour
that yellow one, meaning how noble is that yellow one (see Gr.
p. 278). The metre of the verses is j LiA^ \s>- . (i.e. Rajaz shortened
by one of its normal four feet) : - ^ - - ^ - - ^ .
34. l^i\ (pi. of j\r?}, lines on the forehead or in the palm, from
which fortunes are told, here applied to the impression of the
denar. 35. -cLu,* (pi. of <sJcu*^), endeavours. 36. iLaJ , molten
gold or silver, molten ore. 37. kJL-JH* (10 of k.-i>), kindling
(with anger). 38. JLi\ (4 of jl~j), he spoke secretly, he whispered
to. 39. J-J (4 of Juj), he betrayed, yielded up to an enemy
26
ASSEMBLY III.
42 JU*
,
*
I U j^b *
f f o .f
45
*
U LuwJ
<- >
*
47
\L"
or to destruction. 40. <0\kJ a^rJol , whose creation has first
produced it. 41. j^\ (4 of J=s^), brought to conclusion, perfected,
performed. For the origin of this saying see Prov. Arab. ii. 717.
42. Jl^-, here ' rain-cloud," probably a cloud which by its thunder
. . o
is supposed" (J--^) to be pregnant with rain. 43. u^-L -J:
<uLc, without its being grudged, imitation of <LLc S
Qur'an i. 7. 44. *Lij]. (v.n. 7 of ,<5), departing. 45.
v.n. 8 of <*JtJ\ and ^ respectively), incurring of indebtedness.
46. ASS^ (8 of J-sf-j), improvising (stante pcde). For the following
4) lli', perdition on him, compare note 55 to Assembly i. and Qur'an
cxi. 1. c-^S i<p^*\l ( ^^> > m ay both the hands of Abu Lahab perish.
The metre of the verses is the same as above. 47. JfjU* (3 of
v 3^), one insincere in friendship (one who adulterates the milk of
his love). 48. ( ^-^ ^ > double-faced, lit. owner of two faces, as
OF THE DENAK.
27
j Li
50 .
* 4J *Uti *
J15 *
J15
.
i j\\ U ll cUi
* ^ *
59
the following pi.
vrho think truly." 49.
payment is delayed. 50.
retards, puts off. 51. j5
followin
52.
is pi. of
well done he. 53.
means possessors of true notions, " they
(part. pass, of (Jio*), one to whom
(part. act. of Jjje), who obstructs,
(pi- of **tf^-i qualities ; similarly the
, a narrow place, therefore " straits."
a full udder, hence
metaphorically a hill, height, mountain-top. 54. <J> i^fij there
is no prospect in, I have no mind for. 55. tl>ljj j^cl t, what
has made thy shower (so) abundant, for 'how abundant is thy
shower," a form of admiration, like < J fr^* ^- v ' no ^ e ^ above.
56. i!53j*1 l?ylJ!, stipulation holds fastest, is the stronger. See
-o o
Prov. Arab. i. 669. 57. ^Ju^l) (pi. of .y*), the twice recited,
ie. the opening Surah of the Qur'an, because it is twice repeated
in the ceremonial prayers. 58. > jt*3 (v.n. 6 of ~jz), shamming
lameness. 59. <C'buc 1 (10 of J^=), I wished him to return,
28 ASSEMBLY III. OF THE DENAR.
66
I called him back." 60. .^-ij (v.n. of ,<M)I embroidery, here
applied to speech, hence ' eloquence." 61. <*D\j&~ (pi. of
things happening, ' fortunes." Notice the <*^hJ , depending on
which is here <&c* ^j , having the force of -** with, amid "
(see Gr. p. 192). 62. e-Jjui (7 of t-JJf), I veer. 63.
Jjjb , it is not the like of thee " who plays buffoon." 64. JJ
(1.0 of jl o), there secreted itself, disappeared, waned." 65.
joy after sorrow, comfort, relief. The metre is c ^U^, with
^s, i.e. the final >-/ - - changed into _ . 66. ^MJJ
. . . , allusion to Qur'an xxiv. 60, no crime shall it be in
the blind or the lame (to eat at your tables)."
ASSEMBLY IV. CALLED "OF DAMIETTA."
1. vU^j wb /*c, in a year of clamour (of people coming) and tu-
mult (of people going), for " of much coming and going." 2. Jf^V*
*L=s-p\ , glanced after for my affluence." 3. *ic&*Il ^jyij* , " de-
sired in (brotherly) friendship." 4. ^.5^ (pi. of L-^^L?), friends,
. MW ^Q i . M*
companions. 5. vliUL]^ Ua^r i JLS> , who had hroken the staff of
dissension," i.e. avoided or abandoned it. 6. ^j^UI (pi. of j^j! , pi.
of J^J, pi. of &LJ), the intervals between every two milkings, and
the milk collected in the udder therein, "milk-flows." 7. /*boJl.
(v.n. 8 of A*), fitting into each other, " agreement." 8. *"U-^) (fern,
of >r-j&\}, high-mettled, fleet. 9. Lxuk>.l (3 of j^jJ-^.), we snatched.
o 9
10. Jk) i! (4 of Jb), we lengthened not. 11. c jUI, hide, skin,
30 ASSEMBLY IV.
^\ UlL. ^ *
* 14 UJ\
JUi * 19 uL&>r; ^<W^r t^ ^^>- -# *
JU ^ JUjJ! J^ * J U
*
complexion." 12. <!UU3^-, its dye, meaning here its dark hue.
13. jj (pi. of &j), heights, hills, hillocks, here described as
LL^^ 1 * (9 of J-^i^), moistened, dewy. 14. L^i!! <LU^t (8 of Jc),
faint of east breeze, i.e. with a faint east breeze." 15. (j^^s.
(pi. of i/MM&l)) the yellowish white (camels). 16. ^s+tjXJ (v.n. 2 of
-w^i), making a halt towards the end of the night. 17. ci-4^, loud-
voiced. 18. JU-j (pi. of J-^-j), here ' camp." 19. *j^>- (pi. of
^,1.5^), neighbours. For j\-s>- and JLw? look out j^s*- and J^> .
20. *;>*^- , kinsman, comrade, friend ; has also the meaning of hot
water, ''tepid draught." 21. i|,aor. of ^ij . 22. ^^J, aor.
3 of U* . 23. j+Z+z, a companion, and also "a tenth." 24. < _ j^^c
(pi. of ijVc), gifts. 25. ^^ , with Dharnmah 3 of (jtij , with
Fathah pi. of ^j<+ > 26. JLo (agent of ^Lo), who forgets, neglects,
OF DAMIETTA.
31
^ V
J J
"
\ \t .38 UK) 7 s
I ^ * ,V'JJ-* L/
ik
i J
withdraws from. 27. *UJl, liere ' my due." 28. JUs.^ (aor. pass, of
J^?), is or should be clung to. 29. +~*\ (aor. of A--^), I mark, I dis-
tinguish. 30. ,<? (agent of ^c), who exceeds bounds, is insolent
or overbearing. 31. ,^-^ , with Dhammah 3 of ,5^^ 5 with Pathah
pi. of &>-\, ties, tethers, tethering rope. 32. ,%!U\ (3 of L),
? "
I help, aid, assist. 33. (.5.1^ \ (3 of ^Jj^), I am courteous towards,
treat kindly. 34. jljusl (pi. of JwJ), adversaries, opponents. (In
Grammar J^ is a word with opposite meanings.) 35. cj|, aor. of
v_
, the following jlsoj v.n. 4 of <Ar , q v. 36. u J VJ (P^- ^
ol, pi. of Jo), in the sense of benefits; the following 4?-^! (pi-
of iJ^-i), enemies. 37. \2s>-\ (pi. of c^-.*^-), dear ones, friends.
^
38. Mjjl (pi. of JoJj), lovers, friends, intimates. 39. i/\ (aor. 4
47
4 .AA^J J ) *^>~
of c J), I pour out; the following y^>, aor. 2 of the same root,
meaning "he empties." 40. ^jlrsru (6 of ^J^), let us match (like
a pair of shoes). 41. ,.^l*J (v.n. 6 of ^.^-c-), defrauding each other,
mutual deceit, a word consecrated as the title of Surah Ixi. 42.
for UJ , for what, why, sometimes further abbreviated into
43. Jlcl (4 of JU), here " I sicken, render diseased." 44. Jj\ (4 of
JJ)| I bear, I support, I raise. 45. _^x^l, 8 of
' \
46. 4 ^OassT, pass. 8 of i_^)j>- q.v. 47. .tv&J-, 4 o
. .. / r . j. t^/>
same meaning as the primitive form JjJ-^J , rises, but is of rarer use,
and therefore more likely to be employed by Hariri. 48. 4-k>>,
circumstance, state, condition. 49. cl/^ A-L], to God belongs or is
ascribed thy father, an expression of admiration, = how excellently
says thy father." 50. d-i, Jl, J^i, 1st and 3rd person preterite,
and v.n. of J- q.v. The metre of these verses is ->.j~ > , as p. 19,
note 41, except that the < .y is like the jjo^ ( -^ ). 5
(comp. of -MM-), losing more, falling short." 52. <LL>- o ^
OF DAM I ETTA.
A fe t 54 1 1 . 53
Jl W4?> u
53.
an
one defrauded in his reason, a simpleton.
adulterater of love, i.e. insincere in it. 54. .2Jv. (pret. of
he thought me, he fancied that I. 55. ^u^l , dissembling, falsehood.
56. ,*j -c , either of two persons between whom a money obligation
exists, therefore debtor or creditor as the case may be, here the latter.
57. L_-^A, imper. of c-^-fcj q.v. 58. <J^.s , niched in, "entombed."
c?
59. <U*J\ .., S^4^ (P ass * ^ ^r^J> * s snrun k from), from whose
:? o
intimacy people shrink. 60. ei-\iij,pret. of jjy q.v. 61. ^.^--t, here
essence, reality, personality. 62. *\J (glowing coal) is used as
a proper name (imperfectly declined) for the sun, hence the son of
Zuka for the ruddiness of the morning, as produced by the sun.
63. JLJL&! (10 of JJ), rising for departure. 64. *|jci! ^, and
not with the earliness of, i.e. with an earliness beyond that of, a local
and modern extension, to express superiority, of an idiom, which in
M ^
classic Arabic only indicates inferiority, as in the phrase Jj ^*
, a man and not like Malik, i.e. not equal to him in manliness.
3
34 ASSEMBLY IV.
67
*v JA J
allj 71 ( ^srCii LJJ *J d J ^ jlfcj
* *
Lc ill a^ 4 74 *!jj ^ lSUl! J
* j 75
UU * jl^-j 1 77 ^ f j!^lfl! y> ^ JI
For Malik comp. Prov. Arab. ii. 213, and Hamasah, p. 373. 65.
^JJ^, my abundance and my scantiness, my much and my little.
1
66. j^~a\ (aor. 4 of^-i), I spread abroad, tell forth (as, for instance,
a proverb). 67. jl^ja! (pi. of t)jp), woods, trees, branches.
68. ir*s* > the place of the (ju*j Ju , for which see note 16 above.
69. <L-J^J *iLs^! (v.n. 8 of ji^j-), the wiping away, i.e. removal, of his
distress. 70. ^1 (8 of ^), has become dirty. 71. **&$ (10 of
*-), that I may take a bath. 72. Xx^jl ..... Juylll, " haste,
haste, and return, return," for : " make the utmost haste, and return
as quickly as possible." 73. jljJ^ (8 of 5^), return; the following
^J^\ and ^)L^s! is the same form of AJ, here "coursing away."
74. Jrs^, aor. of J-c^, q.v. 75. jLjs^ (pi. of Ju*), feasts, the
watching of the feasts, meaning the watching of the fasters for the
new moon at the Bairam feast. 76. JilL> (pi. of **&), spies, scouts,
as the following J^ (pi. of tXHi)) means foragers, by means of whom
they made search for him (^JJa^J, 10 of -U?). 77. < _ j^- or
^/>-, wasted bank, here applied to the remainder of the day, of
78
OF DAMIETTA. 35
* ^u bs J4-j)\ y ^ (jUjll Uj\ ^1 Ji * luyi d
which it is said, tliat it nigh had crumbled in" (j Ji 7 of
j4&). With a similar bold metaphor the sun is said to " shine in
faded garments," i.e. near setting. 78. ufel*3 and UjjUj , 6 of
^5 and ^J^, q.v. 79. (1 ^^\ *1^- (pi. of JiJ), the greenness
of dung-heaps, meaning anything delusive, and applied by Mu-
hammad to beautiful women of vile origin. 80. t^x&u, I have
separated from thee, left thee; the last two syllables of the word
must be read together with the next half line, the metre being J^K,
third Lff^a of the third (jO)j&, with the license of contracting the
two short syllables into a long one, or dropping one of them, i.e.
_ _ o f
^^~^~ twice. 81. Jji L) j^*, a curious phrase
which in English would require the roundabout translation, since
I was one who not yet ceased to exist, means, since I was born
until this day." 82. j^Ji **k \J\ ^, who when he has eaten,
separates, an allusion to the Qur'an xxxiii, 53. 83. lit ^^-^ f,
whom he had exchanged against us, i.e. whose company he had
gotten in our place."
ASSEMBLY Y. CALLED "OF KUFAH."
\j<^ ***;
ll* kiir 1\ U *
Jilll J il
1. ,^J ^ J, possessed of two colours, of twofold hue," referring
to the complexion (v^) of the night, means that the night was
divided, by an early setting moon, between light and darkness,
which is also indicated by the verb d/^->, I was conversing at
night, especially while the brightness of the moon keeps people awake.
2. ^jjc: (pret. pass, of Xc), they had been nourished. 3. j^L^- 3
Sahban Wa'il, a celebrated preacher of early Islam, a contemporary
of Muhammad f 54 n. (A.D. 673), and like Quss (see p. 3, n. 26), pro-
verbial for eloquence. 4. li-ft.^ and LIsrCj , aor. pass, of laar*. and
its 5th form respectively, q v. 5. U^p^j! (10 of L^y&), captivated
or fascinated us. 6. jjj^ (2 of jjjj), "had spread its awning." 7.
-^^o^ (10 of ^3), one who, travelling at night, makes bark (the
dogs), to guide him in the darkness to a dwelling. 8. lgSj^ (3 of
ASSEMBLY V. OF KUFAH.
37
12i
>$\ JL> jl.
. 1 f i O *t fc / ,. j
-s ^ .8.^.^ /-> >jXJ
J), being very dense or dark. 9. *^Jj (pret. pass, of .<*}, may
ye be guarded. The metre of these verses is J^TJ, as p. 25, n. 33,
with the exception that the last .y^fb-uu^ ( - *" ) by the license
_laJ5 becomes
of
has stretched itself, has been lengthened. The final fathah is pro-
longed on account of the metre, as in several of the preceding and
following verbs. 11. i_jiJyLsf* (12 of i^jLib-), bent," originally
o
applied to winding sandhills (cjU-). 12. Jli**, 8 of jLc , q.v. 13.
^Jjl-J, 12 of jL^, qv. 14. c-rU-y = u^-^-y, 2 of t-^s-j ,
bidding welcome. 15. lla> l^Jb quick I quick! and *JUb, come and
bring ! are exclamations of frequent occurrence to urge the per-
formance of a behest. 16. jj\ f^^. WuJaS^ ^> I will n t r U m 7
tongue over your food, unless." For the use of the preterite in this
and similar phrases, see Grammar, p. 170. 17. J^l-, pi. of u li U for
38 ASSEMBLY V.
U ly^Ltl US ^ *
jlj bJLl JUJ * c
u
, repasts. 18. J^, pi. of ^L>, clearly seen, referring to
. , suppers, and meaning such that are taken before dark. Comp.
Prov. Ar. i. 442. 19. LU1, in which the final fathah is said to be
a substitute for the vocative particle, " Allah," has before a re-
strictive sentence the force of an asseveration : " unless, by Allah."
20. L^jxAA] j*s , the moon of Sirius, i.e. the moon of summer, nearly
synonymous with the following *.&}), full moon of the Lion's
nose, i.e. of the eighth of the twenty-eight lunar stations, which
coincides with the beginning of summer. 21. .Ji I*, pi. of
jjU, (inner) corners of the eye. 22. \^o and the preceding jy , are
3rd pi. pret. of ^^s and ^y respectively, q.v. 23. .Ac c.^w
]., intent upon making to work, upon plying. 24. ^y^j and
Lyi JiJ aifit {Sk
f^ Jl ^-J JL5
, agents of ^ and c^;> the first preceded by the aor. with
the force of a preterite on account of A) , the second by the pret.
itself of the respective verbs. 25. .s'-'j'* ^ <^j^> like the heart of
the mother of Moses, meaning empty, a proverbial expression derived
from Qur'an xxviii. 9: ''and the heart of Moses' mother became
void (through fear)," as we say the blood fled from her heart.
26. For jliJil (8 of jyl), I might gain, some read jlxil (8 of J^-J),
I might be profited by. 27. *~^>- (pass, of ^=^), may ye be
made to live. The metre is again >- 1 , but without the license
explained in note 9 above. 28. JJ\ Jil kjU-, stumbling in a
night, more benighted than night itself, in the night -dark
night." 29. jJjs-, a young buffalo, metaphorically for a youth.
40 ASSEMBLY V.
30. **A\ 'L*jS*-*, by the reverence due to, or by the sanctity of the
aged man, etc., meaning Abraham, who, on account of his entertaining
the angels and poor men is in the eyes of Muhammadans the proto-
type of a liberal host, and whom they consider as the founder of
(_,
the temple of Mecca, here called ^^s- 5 ^, the place whither pil-
grimage is made. 31. \^yo t hunger, 'here, of course, nom. to the
verb i JiJ . 32. t^j+J\ (7 of ^jj), presents itself to, comes upon,
" assails." 33. J^ with fathah over /* , " place of alighting,"
with dhammah, one who invites to alight, a host. 34. jj , name
of a place in Najd, here with the tanwin, while in the Mu'allaqah
of Labid the word occurs imperfectly declined, an anomaly explained
in the commentary to the latter passage, p. 96 of Arnold's edition.
35. ij^t *ij is the name of one of the most famous Arab tribes,
which waged with its kindred tribe Thobyan the celebrated war
c. c
known as the war of Dahis. 36. c^AxJ ^ j>*^c, mayst thou
live and be raised (from every fall), i.e. recover from every mis-
fortune, or be rescued from the consequences of every transgression
by the mercy of God. 37. ^t is another place on the road to Najd.
OF KUFAH.
41
Ui
S U
O lfiU-*jl JlftJ * (.
O vglL/ r-^-^ bJ *
> L* , Jo: Ajlxarl LAJJ
*
^u
* Jll 4 uL<! Ili
i 40 Jl
5) X
Jj
42
" M * C C tl"'
Hi,J
\ J.JJL
\ *
^1 Jl
U ti^l ULJ^JLJ
Hence the year of the foray on Ma wan, indicates a year of danger
for the inhabitants of that country, which would induce a woman
of Faid to marry for protection. 38. <Lolj , a crafty bird, meta-
phorically applied to any cunning person. 39. JjLo! (pi. of y*\),
black snakes, here meaning the reed pens. 40. $lj^* ^z ^lHai'iis!
(10 of ,.^aj), we wished to fathom his intention. Other copies read
lr&,.}na\ (10 of la-J), 'we sought to draw from him his wish."
41. L-AaJ, an amount of money liable to the zakdt, i.e. a sum of
20 denars of gold, or 200 dirhams of silver. 42. Jjf-k, her
"present," or "bounty." lilk^.1 and liilL^i (10 of Jjl and
JJ respectively), "we thought long," "we considered small."
43. to- (pi. of *?^), embroidered stuffs of Tainan. 44.
42
ASSEMBLY V. OF KUFAH.
47 <*.
51
*
* Ci
-JjJ- J JU
50
M>\- > G s \
15 '" ^ ' (r* V.
? t.
'***.> )] LH-^-I-; >> w
tj^- 1 * LS~ ^ ^ * ^1
rose. 47.
"
dawn. 45. JycL (pi. of tXx-j), happy auguries, lucky stars. 46.
, the horn of the gazelle peeped forth = the sun
, we draw payment of (ace.). 48. <^Lj- (^^>),
l joined his wing" = I went with him hand in hand. 49. <dli
(JJ^Lc. ^JuLs- , " God is or may be my substitute towards thee,"
meaning "l cannot reward thee myself." 50. iJ&t & f j& > q.- v -
The metre of these verses is L^u.) , as explained p. 19, n. 44, the
last foot of each hemistich, however, being dropped, and the pre-
ceding jjLcibjuuu* (~ -^ ) changed into Jj*.J ( ^ -- ). The
scheme of the measure therefore is: - -^- <~>- - twice.
51. i^^oil <U (8 of ^>} t from whom I take a bye-name, i.e. after
ASSEMBLY VI. OF MARAGHAH.
43
whom I should be called Joj ^j!, Father of Zaid. 52.
whose full name is Abu Sa'id 'Abdu'l- Malik ibn Quraibi-'l-Asma'i
(A.D. 740-831), was the most famous man of letters of his time, and
the greatest authority on traditional lore amongst the Arabs. 53.
d^X*.xi! , Al-Kumait ibn Zaid, born A.D. 679, well versed in the
poetry, battle-days, and proverbs of the Arabs.
ASSEMBLY VI. CALLED "OF MABAGHAH."
1. A*, name of a town in Azerbijan. 2.
of the reed-pen, i.e. distinguished writers. 3.
J i^~!/> knights
C^>
^. } who could
44
ASSEMBLY VI.
JUJK ^LJl 7 ^j ^ JLcJdl, ^UJJ1 IJul
^N L& Ulf K
j^ C51 tl& Ll^ Is! Jl^
prune, i.e. refine and polish. 4. c-iL*j, used as sing, and plur.,
here in the latter number, predecessors, men of old." 5. <DLj,
f \j Jo: , a maiden composition, a treatise original in style. 6. ^l^lJl,
this age; some copies read ^'j*l. 7. <t$ji ^^ ^XiC^iJi, who holds
a tight grasp of the reins. 8. JLc (pi. of J-lc), dependents. 9.
JJlj ^V^> see P- 37 ' n< 3 - 10> ^t*--'^- in tne first place,
"edge, border, outskirts;" in the second, ''attendants." 11. i\Js *l
are the finest kind of dates, i^srul the worst kind, hence the phrase
means "fruit, good and bad." 12. jj^s^ (6 of i^>-), the contraction
of the eye-lids, in looking askance or contemptuously, " side-glance."
o o
13. (J^ijsf* (3 of ( J^ J ^\ looking to the ground in silence, as one
preparing to leap ; the following J i^s* has the similar meaning of
"one contracting his body," in order to take a longer stride. 14.
^5ldS\ cu^, (moments of) silence had returned, ^y^-j being the
pi. of <5L-~j. 15. .s^^J^j . . . c^-ix-j. This passage does not
occur in De Sacy's edition, but is given in the edition of Beyrout,
on the authority of some MSS. *T^*\ (pi- ^ */ J ? f *])> snou ts of
^ tl^JU^ ^ Jl JUJ * c^U
! ji b ^1 JUJ * L^S
angry men. 16. *xil (8 of Cl?^), ye have been excessive. 17.
i'ljj (pi. of ^A-J), coevals. 18. jjlf>-, pi. of Ju^5-, which is the
Arabic form of the Persian &*, a broker, hence one skilful in
estimating. Similarly the following &U* is pi. of J^^, a priest
of the Persian fire-worshippers, hence applied to a man of wisdom
and authority. 19. 9^^ is a horse entering on the third year,
^Ij one five years old and full-grown. 20. ?y>- he cleaves or
splits, metaphorically here he is incisive, or according to others,
' he awes." 21. c^UJ (the initial letter is also read with fathah
46
ASSEMBLY VI.
1 1 j> j-aj *
^ ^ j ^^ tj t^
and kasrah), small birds that are preyed upon. 22. *:>-&> . . . J,
each man knows best the mark of his arrow. This refers to the
old Arabic game called j**~+ , on which see an exhaustive note by
Chenery, p. 323. 23. JLLifc, a knot difficult to untie. 24. jJiiL*
(v.n. 8 of JJU), testing coin. 25. <ulx5 yl, Abu Na'amah al-Q,atari,
a chief of rebels against the house of Urnayyah, whose life is to be
found in Ibn Khalliqan, and to whom some verses in the Hamasah
are ascribed. See also "Weil, Gcschichte der Chalifen, i. 395. 26.
^JJ^c. ajj , the smallness of my number, i.e. of my family. 27.
*\j.\ (4 of cJxA a wa ^ering sufficiently, a "competence." 28. _!
here "he came or did in the evening," while the preceding 1^
means "he was pleased." 29. ojp b-jl (10 of .Jl), I have been
waiting for. 30. ^W1 (4 of jj>-), returned in answer (hence *jj\Mf,
conversation). 31. &*> J^Ji! (8 of Juj), increased in drowsiness,
OF MARAGHAH.
47
4l ^ *^ SI ^ U; * Jb JUJ1
became more drowsy. 32. u-^kJi (2 of L-^IJ), lie frowned. 33.
Quotation from the Qur'an, xxvi. 154. 34. ^^r^\ (10 of ^yuo),
thou hast put to the pace. 35. c^%hjl, thou hast lodged, for which
other copies read cu^^jl, thou hast made to dwell. This and the
preceding phrases are taken from the large store of Arabic proverbs.
36. ^\ (imp. 4 of ,J^), put (wool) into, i.e. prepare for writing.
37. /XJl is subject to the verb ^J-J. , and o?J, etc., forms a
parenthesis, expressive of prayer : may Allah," etc. The next
following sentence is constructed on the same principle. 38. J.:>.iL>.,
*
a lord, or chief, the princely." 39. ^5^. , he sets a mote into the
eye, " he pains." 40. LUaJj. (inf. 4 of iaS), denying a debt, repudia-
tion. 41. ,.^c, pass, of jj-^c, q.v. 42. -Jj (pi. of Ay)i palms
(of the hands). 43. *jj see under tj^J in the Dictionary.
48 ASSEMBLY VI.
Ari i
. o.
44. ic-kJ, aor. of .gJj, q.-v. 45. s\ (pi. of /VH), benefits, bounties.
46. gJij (aor. 4 of yj), enriches. De Sacy reads here ,c-4V. , builds up,
but the former reading, which is that of the Beyrout edition, seems
preferable. 47. j^a-ju (aor. of ^.^.f.), it sinks away (as water in
the ground), diminishes, "is rare." 48. ^i x\s^, a shadow re-
sembles him, for: "he is like a shadow." 49. ^--osr* l&jjf*, their
dowries are deserved or incumbent on the receiver. 50. j*\^ (pi. of
l.^\\ here ' claims." 5t. u-fl-a-J, insufficient measure, hence,
metaphorically, insufficiency of means, a household too numerous
to maintain, etc. 52. L _ *" * ..{..%, squalor involves them. 53.
^_p^> (2 of u_ 5*3), it has increased, it surpasses. 54. bj&e L^Ju *$, his
breast has not spit blood or foul matter, metaphorically for malignant
OF MARAGHAH.
49
JLJLJ &LJ 1 'Isb
lij
_^-jX-> ..
59
fi o 60 f A t
'>' (X J ',_^_^ V_9 * *^wl ]
Gl
jJ-XJl ._<? l/ lf-<*9l Js O
63
speech. 55. AjU! (4 of la.y), averting. 56. tiLsj\ (4 of ^^), gratified
m. 57. < JytJ* (pi. of *<&), tribes. 58. c_->U^ (pi. of
lj), ravines, mountain-paths, valleys. 59. ^IZtlc, see p. 16,
L. 13, and p. 24, n. 30. The metre of these verses is the third
first
of
the last foot of the
undergoing the
variation J>^p (see Grammar, p. 304), whereby the measure of the
rerse becomes : ^ -^ ^/ v^T^ ^ v7Lx ^ ^~^ ^ -- .
i * .
60. Ijy-rfJ, terminates by its first syllable the \jOjrG and begins with
its remaining part the c_-^. Similar cases occur in the next and
i ^
3veral more of the subsequent lines of the poem. 61. \A\ t a formula
of admiration, as ' bravo to a life," for, how excellent a life " (see
Grammar, p. 277). 62. JlldL] (8 of J-s*-), I walked proudly,
or I fancied myself somebody. 63. .J-^t, I looked upon, as a
50 ASSEMBLY VI.
69 j ^ iu ui ji^ j\ 6
71
JU *
r - ^.x-V. V V _> "TT> V *^
"bridegroom, gazes upon his unveiled bride. 64. - < - 3a - i V. (pass. 8 of
^jjj), it is or could be redeemed. 65. jUjal) ^J, the ring of sub-
jection. *J is a ring of brass placed in the camel's nose to lead
it by. If the ring is made of hair it is called fU^, and if of wood,
^tUL^.. 66. t*^-;J i) , (apocopated aor. of ^-J), missed not its
aim or place. 67. &***>, natural disposition, innate qualities, cha-
racter. 68. ^**J , reached, was reported to. 69. Jl (pi. of jJj-1),
pearls. "He filled his mouth with pearls," is a proverbial ex-
pression of frequent occurrence, meaning ' he overwhelmed him
with presents." 70. i_$y^~>. (subj. 7 of ^J^>} } should betake himself
to, should join. 71. .Jb ( aor - ^ J^)> should direct or preside
over. 72. <U**-i (4 of L-^VWU^-), made him say ^--wu*>- _^-wuj>- ,
my sufficiency, my sufficiency, i.e. satisfied him. 73. clwl (v.n. 4
OF MARAGHAH.
51
^.j VT > _^ UJj ^J
76
U! Jl
"
l LXI
^j
^J^ 1U
of n~ i>), ripening. 74. <L-wjl <Jl?ju, I had nigh, roused (the
people)." 75. <Lox* 1^1 b, Oh, for it as a fault-finding! for: Oh,
what fault-finding," another formula of admiration, which the com-
mentators explain by: \$&\ b, "how great it is" (for this latter
expression see Grammar, p. 278, 1, and compare n. 33, p. 25 above).
?he metre of these verses is c_^Lft.^^, asp, 14, n. 72. 76. ^
"* i
Jj U Ju*yj , who raises aloft that which he has sketched out. 77.
Asr ^ (energetic prohibitive of c*x=*-), let not beguile thee.
78. ci^O' i!, prohibitive of .J^j for the meaning of which, when
governing the objective case, see Dictionary.
ASSEMBLY VII. CALLED "OF BARQA'JLD."
j Uli w^J
1. ^-.xJ^ , imperfectly declined, name of a considerable town
north of Mosul and south of Nasibin. The festival, spoken of in
the following lines, is that of ~ksj\ or the conclusion of the fast
of Kamadan celebrated by the Muhammadans with great pomp and
ceremony. 2. ^i-^-jj . . . *fMh' brought up its horsemen and
footmen, a phrase borrowed from Qu'ran, xvii. 65, meaning with
all its attending circumstances," as we would say with all its
might and main." 3. j'iULj, a female Ghul, the male being called
-ic , who assume various forms to frighten or entice travellers
in the desert. 4. \^*i\&s (6 of L^\fcJb), tottering, about to fall.
5. c^ ^'i colours or various kinds of dyes. 6.
ASSEMBLY VII. OF BARQA'lD.
">.'{
_
J^jl, J.
JU
r j' i *f jjjjr* iLJsu^ iij
yJUX ^-1 J^-3 B
and wily. 7. t>yjf/ , crushed, or pelted as with stones. The metre
is j-%* 77^ > which consists of ntafd ilun mafd ilun (^ -
^ ) twice, with the license of ^a^ and j, mafailun becom-
ing mafd'ilun, ^ ^ , or mafd'il, ^ . 8. Jl^* (8 of Jj*)f
one who entices another to a lonely spot and kills him, like a Ghul.
. c o.
9. lo'y^^'j terminates with its first three syllables the first half-line,
while the last syllable ^ begins the second hemistich. In similar
manner the final syllables of JU&, jU- ,. J uM and ujLasr^ in the
4th, 7th, 8th and llth lines belong to the second half -lines. 10. Jb,
5
here " mind," while the preceding Jlj means " a ragged garment " ;
<>
accordingly the first jla^-1, "l tramp," the second *I occur" (to
the mind, i.e. I am thought of). 11. .JUfel Ui! (pret. 4 of Ul?
and pi. of JiL respectively), had extinguished ("slain") my babes.
12. Jic\ (pi. of Ji), iron collars or chains for the neck; JI&1
54 ASSEMBLY VII.
_
' 5 JL-L' cyLitl lU eLi Jfc\ UJJ r l5U ^ Ojl JU
:j ui
j^ isi si *ji ^
21 S c M ff o x M !
^^X.-s1 Ij C__3V
-> it, f-^l ^-J WSl t JJ
(pi. of Jif, pi. of *ic), maladies, sicknesses, ills. 13. J
(comp. of /y*^), would be loftier, more exalted, i.e. more honourable
for me. The preceding ^JUJ^ is pi. of JJL-, a rag, with the
affix of the 1st person. 14. JUj^-j, a shirt, J^J-^j a pair of
' 'f
trowsers. 15. i^^&j (pret. of ji ), I longed for. 16. ^&>- (related
to ^L>- , sweet), a gratification, present, fee. Compare the French
" douceur," in the sense of ' drink-money." 17. ^cyiJU, aor. 10 of
^jij q.v. 18. c-fli^wuuj (10 of ^-aj), she seeks for a driplet, begs
a dole. 19. el sf-^ '* ^ (v.n. 10 of __s-^), pronouncing the
formula : ' To Allah we belong, and to Him we shall return," an
expression of resignation to the Divine will, used by the Mu-
..
hammadans on every trying emergency. 20. -^ (aor. of -.^ ,
here with the force of the pret. on account of JjJ), turned aside.
21. -jtt, with fathah, a spring (s), with dhammah, agent 4 of
OF HARQA'ID.
55
i^-44 ; ^1 y L^J^
^l^U^J^ jJb j3 II
, a helper. The verses are of the 3rd
of
^ - ). 22. (JJo LuxJtJ, perdition on thee.
Compare the phrase, <U Ly, p. 26, n. 46. 23. clJ l>, indeclinable
with kasrah on the final, wretch, of the measure <Jl*J, the feminine
"i ! ^ \
form of blame, corresponding to the masculine form <dxi. 24. d-oua)
<iM ^ji-c, a handful to the load, a proverbial expression for "ill
upon ill," or in an opposite sense "luck upon luck." <2M occurs in
o
the Qur'an, cv. 3. 25. ^-.AJ jj, that thou (fern.) explain, from
*, the well-known word for "commentary." 26. +&, originally
caning an old man, is here applied to the dirham of ancient
coinage. 27. L^Jdii^ (10 of f-^>), I investigated into, asked
or, the object being ^.IL , insight into a secret, knowledge, which
here may be translated "all about." 28. j^ C^-5^, she darted
P t
away with the darting (as darts). 29. <tU-li\ (3 of Lf 9 ), I come
56 ASSEMBLY VII.
^ <uU ^ L.Uj ^J^ jlkj'j r
suddenly. or unexpectedly upon him. The following &+ff?J \ , same form
of j-z^, I talk secretly or whisper to. 30. J~f 1 (aor. of J^?^, here
subjunctive on account of J), I join, reach, come to. Harith is unable
to approach him, without treading on the necks of the worshippers,
whereby according to a traditional saying of Muhammad he would
(j.
make for himself a bridge to hell." 31. CJI^AC, pret. of i c^,
q.v. 32. .f>^ ^J &a^~ > LS-Jjw^, I made his person the fetter
of my sight, i.e. I kept my eye on him. 33. .^jcrfj!, from *_^Ji
(root ~*J), very bright, is applied to a sagacious person ; hence the
abstract <Ux*Jl, sagacity, penetration. As proverbial for acuteness
are quoted Ibn 'Abbas, cousin of Muhammad, and one of the most
valued traditionists, born 3 years before the Hijrah, f between 67
and 74 A.H., and lyas al-Muzanl, a learned Cadi of Basrah, at the
end of the 2nd century of the Hijrah, of whose marvellous sagacity
instances will be found in his life by Ibn Khalli'qan, and in the com-
s>
mentary to Arab. Prov. i. 593. 34. ^^a, a disc, is applied to almost
everything round and flat, or seemingly flat, from a wafer to the
sun ; here it means a loaf. 35. (^til! Ail 15 (pi. of JLn), the third
prop of the pot, meaning the mountain- slope on which the desert
Arabs leaned their kettle upon two stones, and metaphorically
OF HARQA'in.
applied to anything heavy, disastrous, or inconvenient. 36.
(10 of u*\.&~\ he had made his mat or saddle-cloth, here, he had
taken seat. 37. i^AU, du. aor. of Jk3j, q.v. 38. ^^b 1-1, aor.
4 of /i-J, used like the primitive form in the sense of ' there did
not cling to me," i.e. " possess me." 39. JUjJ, v.n. 4 of J^j, q.v.
40. ,<^5 (6 of .<*), affects blindness, makes himself wilfully
blind to. The metre of these verses is Jj4?> first ^>^) second
t_^, as p. 5, n. 42, and p. 7, n. 55. 41. JJMA.C is explained by
^Ix^, with Jcasrah or dhammah, alkali or soda used for -washing.
42. <3iU-, a toothpick, held in much higher estimation among the
Arabs than amongst us, on account of the miswdh, or cleansing of
the teeth forming part of the ceremonial ablutions before prayers.
58
ASSEMBLY VITI.
43. icbc^, an invitation, for which invites." 44. c
y
10 of L^Jj , q.v. 45. (jug**ji (pass, of jjju^), is sunk; some copies
f
read IJM~**Z , with the same meaning.
ASSEMBLY VIII. CALLED " OF MA'AEEAH."
1. (jl*xM ^jc^, Bane of Nu'man, is the name given to a town in
Syria, formerly called Zatu J l-Qusur, by al-Nu'man ibn Bashlr, one of
Muhammad's companions, and governor of Hims (Edessa), when he
had lost a son in the former city. 2. ^LJs? j ! , the two excellencies,
viz. appetite and sexual desire, according to others, sleep and coitus,
or plumpness and youth. 3. i^U-ft > the Ben tree, Hyperanthcra
ASSEMBLY VIII. OF MA'.MIUMI.
moringa, a shapely tree with tender branches, frequently made by
poets a simile for youthful stature and suppleness. 4. &s\ ju**| ,
long (oval) and smooth of cheek, if <LjiX* is taken literally aa
a slave-girl ; if the needle is understood, txr^ may signify its side, or
the furrow which it makes in sowing. Similar double-meanings run
through the whole of the following passage, and we leave it to the
ingenuosity and fancy of the student to find in each case the tertium
comparationis, contenting ourselves with giving the rarer uses of the
leading words, besides the current ones. 5.j^^ } patient"; as
being of the measure J^ti with the meaning of (J-^U , the adjective
may be masc. or fern, (see Gramm. p. 94). 6. ^L*j*] .... i^it).
The words JJLc. , understanding, and ^^ , rein, curb, metaphorically
self-restraint," applied to the needle may mean " firm hold " and
it \p ^
thread" respectively; t*jLS, hand, is also the hemming of a border,
after it has been basted ; *J , mouth, and eye " of a needle.
.0 ' .
7. ^jsUsAdLJ , a snake, with a tongue continually in motion. 8. ^0U.
(pi. of ^jpw), cisterns ; the needle is made to drink, not from reser-
voirs, but by the sweat of the sewer. 9. AjiJuJt* . . . <Lc.^-la-*,
obedient in poverty and wealth," or easily going into any orifice,
small or large." 10. LiL?. c^JtuJJ \J\, when thou hadst cut (her,
or the cloth), she joined (thee, or the pieces into a garment).
60 ASSEMBLY VIII.
JUJ Ul*l * j lfi J jj
l Luo^ ^^LJI u^-LjJ, J f^lx. ^^ U J%
f
Sr m
19
11. l^JiA^Col (10 of /Jo-), lie asked her service of me. 12.
(4 of j >r? i), he lacerated her parts, or he spoiled it by "breaking its
eye. The double-meaning of the preceding sentences will be gathered
from this. 13. tioS^, the sand- grouse, proverbial for truthfulness,
because it detects water in the desert with unerring instinct, or
because its continual cry qata, qata, after which it is called, tells
truthfully its name. 14. ^^JU^ , name of a branch tribe of the Banu
A sad; applied to the 7cwA/-pencil, ^^-S means a blacksmith or cutler.
15. jjU**Jji ^^l=sru, he set guard on the tongue, i.e. bewared of it,
came not near it. 16. JUH, supply, provision; the following jlj
(root Joj), he increased, added. 17. -ii^, two by two. 18. &uJ o,
in its softness, i.e. when it was too pliable. Applied to the slave-
boy, <iuJ may be translated " effeminacy." 19. JlMj ..... JLr^ '
then the old man looked down and hesitated. These words are
OF MA'ARKAH.
<;|
j. 1 J.JLJ fc-J I 115UJ j
J 5!. UJU 5.J1 ,
^ * * **"
neither in de Sacy's nor the Beyrout edition, but taken from a good
MS. in my possession. 20. IjLiJbl (pi. of >r X^>), tattered garments,
^ o
rags. The last two syllables of IjU-lsl belong to the second half-line,
the metre bein
first
first
Jj \J
(v.n. 5 of tSi), its being broken. 22. .j-U (8 of ,J^-c), he kept
back, retained. 23. <CL1 l^j dX^lJ , sufficient of it for thee with
regard to shame, i.e. oh, the excessive shame ! Compare p. 19, n. 44.
To L!Jx-"klJ applies the same remark as to 'jl^JsM above. 24. L^-*Xuo! ,
^^
for which de Sacy reads *^JJ \ , is the reading of the Beyrout edition
and of my MS., and seems preferable to me, because tho rythmical
movement of the words aqsamtu bi'l ( - ^ ) is more suitable to
the solemnity of an oath, than the choreambic uysimu bi'l (^^ ).
62 ASSEMBLY VIII.
Jl JlS,
J LL& ejj JlSj c^-od\ 5 j^ ^ JLC
o
(>j^ > J u
UJ
25. ,5^, lingering sickness. 26. \j\ fy, and he (of) I, for
^.-li}, he is the like of me, a rare and highly idiomatical expression,
which should be noted. 27. yi*Li ..... ^Ls^, lit. and there is
no power of mine on account of the narrowness of my means, in which
there is room, for forgiveness, i.e. " it is not within my bounds to
forgive." 28. \Jj ..... r^^> so look upon us (with compassion),
and between us (judge us with leniency), and for us (aiding us with
your alms). 29. ,^^^ (i Q construction ^La^), any place where
prayers are offered, an oratory, here ' a prayer cushion or carpet,"
? v*
commonly called Jfjlir 1 . 30. u-iiij (5 of ujLiLS), he seized swiftly,
snatched away, caught up. 31. < ;IL1 (v.n. 8 of c >li), grief,
L
sadness. 32. c r >ls:** J ..... ^iJ^, and there lowered a cloud upon
his sky. These words, although apparently required by the qarinah,
are omitted in de Sacy's edition, probably from over-sight. 33.
(2 of ^jfc), it stirred, the nominative being C.-4J, the objective
OF MA'ARKAII.
34.
the sense of
5, pi. of ^j^, diminutive of
tere in
a few dirhams."
,
35.
-ji, a purse of fine-
(
money. 36. X&*\>- f**j J^ ...... ^ai *, after his stone had
dripped, .... after his rock had oozed," proverbial metaphors, ex-
pressive of liberality, like ' moistness of hand," etc. Refer to note
59, p. 13. 37. jc-^-^- <-r > >r -M> my perception is given to drink, is
imbued, somewhat like our saying ' to drink in wisdom." 38. *j\t
tij*.z>- , the spark of his live coal or fire-brand, i.e. the sharpest
amongst his attendants, the word i*pk>- implying also a body of men
held together by tribal ties. 39. ^tc , a servant, satellite, henchman.
40. U^JkJ -~> JlJjkJcl, tell me truly your camel's age, a proverb
for the origin of which various stories are told in the Commentary to
Arab. Prov. i. 710. 41. .Vri/kM lil. The metre of these verses is
jfaL* j>-j , as of the verses on the Denar in the Third Assembly
(see p. 25, n. 33). The great number of short syllables in the poetical
64 ASSEMBLY VIII.
42 ^joV UjfJ* ^ b JU
44 jJt
iJ c^j^l Ui 4G C/j JJ JUJI Jj JLJLJ
portions of this Assembly, and the peculiar way in "which they are
contrasted with long ones, gives to the verses a capricious and
ludicrous character, well in keeping with the style of the prosaic part
of the composition, and lending it, as Ruckert aptly remarks, a comical
pathos, of a very pleasing effect. 42. ^Jco^ lijtXfi, we came forth
to beg, ^ Jo re 4 being 8 of j^-=r > i Q the sense of seeking a gift
(<^ Jk ' 5 r)' 43. <3JyA\ .... u-x3 , moist of palm, sweet of fountain ;
c
see note 36 above. 44. ^X-Jl Jucjj-, close-fisted, whose hand
is fettered (by avarice). 45. .cJuoJi ttc:i, our thirsty lot, i.e. our
need craving for assistance. 46. tl/J J <L)J , to Allah (belongs) thy
milk-flow, another formula of admiration, for which see Gramm.
p. 277, and ib. note, p. 194. 47.^u*u^> a guardian, governor, minister.
48. cUjj], (v.n. 8 of cJ,), here "abstention." 49. c-i-jLa)' (pi. of
c_sL^j), compositions, here ' records."
ASSEMBLY IX. CALLED "OF ALEXANDRIA."
^ UU u-yj^l IjJb
1 . AJ ij ij Ic^J , the two extremities of the Muslim world, Far-
ghanah being a region and city in Transoxiana, near the border of
China, which was conquered by Qutaibah ibn Muslim, A.H. 95
(A.D. 713), and Ghanah, a city of the Sudan, and the utmost point
to which merchants travelled. 2. .l* (pi. of i^Xc), deep waters,
depths. 3. ^ILjfl (pi. of ^), needs. 4. J^^^. (aor. 10 of J-~),
he makes to lean towards him, he conciliates. 5. l <^|r'* (root ^>j\
good will. 6. ^o^c, originally a lion's den, here a dangerous place.
7. e^-oJJLj (5 of i^j-S), I strengthened myself. 8. <L.^j>.v-.\ ~\,
Alexandria, the famous city of Egypt. 9. fj-, very cold, chilled
by a cold wind, therefore selected as an occasion for almsgiving.
66 ASSEMBLY IX.
10. c^Uull ^J, an owner of poverty, a needy person. 11.
of repulsive aspect, ill-looking, the feminine termination here being
applied to a man, to denote excessiveness. 12. <U.Ja.4, either =
CU^J, possessed of young children, a matron," or agent 4 of
, love-inspiring, lovely. 13. -*a\j3 (v.n. 6 of yej), mutual
agreement, concord. 14. &*j1, root of a tree, stock. 15. jjy
<Ltj+ j, maternal and paternal kinship. 16. ****-.^, iron for brand-
ing, mark produced by it, metaphorically characteristic, character.
17. ^**H *& ic-^*- ) m y nature is "a good help-meet is she,"
for: "my nature is to be a goodly help-meet" (see Gram. p. 247).
18. ^ , difference. 19. i'Lf (pi. of .jb), such as had built up.
20. c^o (2 of cu^o), he refuted by arguments, he repelled, chid
' ..
away. 21. ^u:J^, an arch-impostor. 22. ^oo , a purse contain-
ing 10,000 dirhams, in general, a large sum of money." 23.
"* O " -
,~i\J\, my men, here = ^JJi>], my people. 24. ^-tui, a tent-flap,
then the wall of a house, lastly, the house itself. 25.
OF ALEXANDRIA.
67
27
I .
w
U
26
- Cr ^*j !" ^ t/*^ ^ U
1 >^J Ll
it, J
UJ
Udl jJU * JJ!
e, a sitter-at-liome, etc. To these words of the measure
comp. p. 55, n. 23. 26. (.^Vj (P^- ^ U*!J)> feathers, plumage, for
rich apparel. 27. ^^\ Of* 1 ' a ^ os ^ n S market. 28. i(J+\i ^J I*,
what belonged to me together with its rope, i.e. all of it, a phrase
originally used in selling a horse or camel. 29. (j*)j- <&j J^^j
an allusion to a proverb (Arab. Prov. ii. 482), and the tale which
explains its origin, and in which Arus is the name of a man.
Hariri has, however, evidently taken the word in its literal sense
of bridegroom, bride, and the meaning of the phrase is, there is
no perfume, i.e. glozing of matters, after thou hast ceased to be a
bridegroom, or I a bride." It therefore may be freely translated
no perfume after the wedding," although I doubt, what Chenery
and Preston seem to take for granted, that /*/ by itself has ever
the meaning of wedding. 30. <LJls, anything drawn out of another,
sperm, offspring, "a boy." 31. <J^ applied to <*- means a
war arising out of another war, and therefore more embittered
68
ASSEMBLY IX.
^ Mf* LJT*". f"i
and sanguinary. 32. c-^srULj, pass. 8 of c--^=^ q.v. The metro
^
of the verses is *,>* as above, p. 61, n. 20. 33. j-saJ (v.n. of
o ? / l| - '
ysT), a diving in the sea. 34. e.^13^ (pi. of <UL>-), here prose
o
compositions, opposed to (jo^j^ , poetry. 35. c^Ja ".-^ , 8 of
L^JO^-, q.v. Other copies read c-^-b^sr*, making the sentence
nominal instead of verbal. 36. $j\, aor. 8 of 4 _f / .', q.v. 37.
I ** C 9
e h-..4J , ditto of Ji*, q.v. 38. c 0'. (pi. of <LJ), steps, grades,
S? ^ -^ ' ^
degrees. 39. L^-Jj (pass. pret. 2 of k_Jj), were led in procession
like a bride, were brought in pomp. 40. <--*>., aor. of c-^fc>, q.v.
41. L_^JJy, pass. aor. of c--^, q.v. The following J\ and c ^***3
mean here relationship, the former by alliance (covenant or con-
tract), the latter by birth. 42. J>- (pi. of <LL^>-}, carcases,
OF ALEXANDRIA.
69
corpses. 43. JLJ (pi. of Jl), nights, for times in general. 44.
<- . * i o
i (3 of .} :), assailed me. 45. LLj-k-~i is translated by
Chenery with "paths," as pi. of 4L*j ; but it seems preferable to
take it for the verbal noun "entering upon." 46. A-J, a flake of
wool, is the reading of de Sacy, for which the Beyrout edition has
i, goat's hair ; either reading is taken from the proverbial phrase,
I I t t>>4
) Ju*o aj L, to denote extreme denudation. 47. c^oJJ. (8 of
), I contracted debts. 48. j**d*\ = .^j^, burnt or scorched
9 9
49. L-^S^ (pi. of L_^-^), fleet camels, noble steeds. 50.
the garment next my skin, metaphorically my nature.
51. ir*"y* (pl- fem. of ^-*?U), swiftly moving. For cyj see
p. 43, n. 2. 52. L T ^-S** J (pl. of t?Ljs:'? ! ), necklaces of aromatic
me.
70 ASSEMBLY IX.
t-g k -r. jjla. Jj li U ^1 ttU Jls
c^J 5J Ul U J 1 ^ ^L^ib 54 ^^i U
berries, hung round the necks of children, " chaplets." 53. ^3\3 "$
(prohib. 3 of c ^), show no respect (to either of us), i.e. be im-
f
partial and just. 54. c_&L> (pass, pret.), he was heart-struck. Other
copies read u_ax->, he became enamoured. 55. /%^>-^ i^ (pi. of
and (&=>- respectively), administrators of justice. 56. JUiJ
kasrah, for Jl^>>!, I fancy, imagine, an idiom of the tribe Taiy. 57.
<UoL* (root A$!), sin. 58. ifjltoj, self-restraint, self-denial. 59. ,<^J
(imper. fem. of <^^3), refrain from. 60. <LJlc, a drop, a driplet,
from the root 3^ > f which the preceding UoO' , is imp. dual of the
5th form, " beguile yourselves with." The following <Ui!J, moisture,
like driplet, is here used in the sense of pittance. 61. ^**xs ....
, quotation from the Qur'an, v. 57. For +- see Grammar,
OF ALEXANDRIA.
71
u j&j c^U Ji 1
p. 88 (41). 62. ^jl^jJl (v.n. 8 of J^J), exactly corresponds with the
English versatility, as the following ^^\ (pi. of J^i), branches, here
is meant for divers arts and sciences. 63. L >lj^* (agent 8 of
C---0,), one who doubts. 64. *'uM (pi. of LJ), news, tidings. 65.
ifAJSAj^* (agent 2 of #JufcO), originally rolling, like a stone,
here " bounding in." 66. aLft^-L^ (agent of <uLJi), laughing
loudly. 67. *--^* what is it? what news do you bring? an
idiom of the people of Yaman. 68. *jjL* LI L>, father of
Maryam, according to the commentators, a nickname given to the
officers and ushers of a Cadi's court. 69. The metre of these
verses is J^ , 2nd ^^p- , 2nd C- -? , consisting of fa ildlun
faildtun (- -) twice. 70. LlJ4, the cap
72
ASSEMBLY IX. OF ALEXANDRIA.
JUs *L f,J& 71 ^
, , i * u S
of a judge, so-called from its resembling a wine-cask (&). 71.
i>3 ^jb , after his tarrying a while, for simply " after a while."
72. J^ft ..... ijl, allusion to Qur'an, xciii. 4. 73. ... <UjJ
jl^Jli the repentance of al-Farazdaq when he put away Nahar, or
of al-Kusa'i when the daylight appeared. The poet Farazdaq, born
about A.H. 46, f about 110, had been commissioned to ask Nawar, the
daughter of Ain ibn Zubai , in marriage ; but becoming enamoured
of her, he took her for himself. She afterwards forced him to
divorce her, and when he found that the parting was irrevocable,
he exclaimed : ' I feel a repentance like that of al-Kusa'l, now that
Nawar has been put away by me." Al-Kusa'i, whose full name is
given by some as Muharib ibn Qais, by others as 'Amir ibn Harith,
had fashioned a bow of a fine nabd tree, and tried it by shooting in
the night at wild asses. The bow was so strong, that the arrows
went through their bodies and struck on the rock behind. Hearing
the sound, he thought he had missed his aims, and after shooting
thus five times, he broke the bow in a rage, to his bitter repentance,
when on the dawn of the morning he saw five asses lying dead,
pierced by his arrows.
ASSEMBLY X. CALLED "OP RAHBAH."
i r
i*
j &
^
Ji LSJIj jjJJ!
1.
-,
< A
Bahbah, a town on the Euphrates between Anah and
Raqqah, restored and embellished by Malik ibn Tauq, who in his
youth had been an officer under Harun ar-Rashid, and died under
< \*
the Caliphate of Mu tamid, A.D. 873. 2. u.^ -.^ (agent 8 of ^LJ\
unsheathing. 3. ,j^]/^ , pi- of iL^.^, q.v. 4. ,--^1, pi. of
!>,* , q.v. 5. (JM\J C^YJ , shaving of the head, a practice observed
by the people of the East when taking a bath. 6. ijS\ (pass. 4 of
cy), he was cast (lit. poured out). 7. t.Jli, with kasrah or fathah
on the jj , mould, form. 8. djy , here suspicion, accusation. 9.
j\jt .jUa-^ (6 of * and pi. of ^^> respectively), scattering
sparks. 10. Jlij (v.n. 6 of .ii), disputing for superior birth or
merit and referring such dispute to an arbitrator, here simply
referring or appealing to. 11. ci?Uj&, things, matters, especially
74 ASSEMBLY X.
5 r ^Ll ^ill JUi L
of a bad description, may here be translated by peccadillos, if not
turpitudes. 12. LlX-*-^, Sulaik, a vagrant robber and famous
runner, for whom see Arab. Prov. ii. 152. 13. ^jtxc, help, as-
-f
sistance. 14. ^jli, blaze on a horse's forehead, anything bright,
here bright face or brow. 15. ulA^l 4^^ , lie of a great liar.
16. kJ^&Mi}, (imper. 10 of .J'j), demand, exact. 17. _U1 (pret. 4
- f
of ^-y), he shed. 13. *U5- , pi. of A^fij-, ,^, pi. of *, re-
spectively, q.v. The mentioning and re-mentioning of the attri-
butes of female beauty in the oath dictated by the old man, is
intended to inflame the Governor's passion for the boy and thus
dispose him for his purchase. 19. jj>- is explained by most com-
mentators as the intense blackness of the pupil contrasting with
the intenseness of the white surrounding it. 20. *~;L* (pi. of
.^uJU), the parts conspicuous in a smile, i.e. lips and teeth. The
i
word ff*, principally applying to the teeth, with regard to which
it means their slightly standing apart by nature, may perhaps
imply also the parting of the lips. 21. *A-J, illness, when speak-
75
ing of the eyelids, denotes their drooping languor, and the following
*^Jj , elevation, applied to noses means their straightness and pro-
jection, a feature of distinguished beauty and princeliness of dis-
position, opposed to flatness, as a sign of low birth and mean
inclinations. 22. c -oJ*, the sweetness and freshness of a fruit,
with the poets a favourite attribute of the teeth. 23. *\J*, the
head, considered by the Arabs to be the seat of life, as including
four of the five senses. 24. %+&, palm-bud, here simile of the
teeth; ^ . , an unripe date, and its greenness. 25. jl^J, ox-eye,
a yellow flower, with regard to 'the rose " of the cheek designating
its turning yellow with jaundice. 26. &*r \ , silver, here more
probably metaphor for " chin," not for "white cheek" as Chenery
translates, and the Bey rout edition explains, its .jU^*^ or "tarnishing"
meaning its being disfigured by a sprouting beard. 27. Si**), ink-
bottle, stands here for l*4, q.v. with regard to which the allusion
to AMI, reed-pens, scarcely needs explanation. The Governor is
sure to understand, and we better feign modest ignorance. 28.
*!?!, v.n. 4 of jll, q.v. 29.^iUl (4 of yt), he soaked in vinegar,
i.e. embittered. 30. ^*x^J, and the folio wing ^AJ, aor. 8 of
76 ASSEMBLY X.
o 31
*
CdSb ^ jWf JUL SU JLC
^ U H ^J JlJLi J^
Oj j^U^ !*! ^ J Ji jiyl ^1^4 ^
js^ j^ ^LJi *l^ ^ Lj/\ J ^Lc ^ jJ\
^
LJU <^JL:^ -.Mi ju
^_
U Jlp^ *J JUJ 35 c3
^v, UU ltb ^ c^uJ\ jis
and aor. of .cj respectively, q.v. 31. JS>y (5 of *^), ne had
taken into his fancy. 32. u-oil, aor. of \ 5j , q.v. 33. <-r>y jy
iJ<M0)i , the robe of the evening waxed thin, metaphor for the
declining of the day, and the approaching of the sun-set. 34.
-* CM*
^&1 (4 of ji-), he has paid in full, made up. 35 ..... L^--aIcs^
c ?yi*j ^ , * Shell may get clear of chick, and he may go guilt-
less as the wolf went guiltless of the blood of the son of Jacob,"
the former an Arab proverb, the latter an allusion to Qur'an,
xii. 17. 36. Lsj&\ ^s^ li, "as the pleadings of (ibn) Suraij,"
a learned doctor of the rite of ash-Shafi 1 (to which Hariri himself
belonged), whose full name is Abu'l'Abbas Ahmad ibn 'Umar ibn
Suraij, and who died A.H. 306, at the age of seventy-five, leaving
OF RAH HAH.
77
f o
j j^LJ! ^ ^
behind about four hundred works of his composition on various
questions of the Muhammadan law. 37. <L^J^\ *Lc, the standard
or pinnacle, i.e. Glory of the people of Saruj. 38. Jl^, agent of
K, q.v. 39. <dl! JJtxAJ, I made him swear by the name of Allah,
"l adjured him by God." 40. Jui)l LJ-s^jj by Him who per-
mitted the chase, a somewhat irreverent allusion to his own making
game" of the Governor. 41. >1>.! (pi. of /!>-), is here in-
terpreted by the commentators with Jyi^, understandings. 42.
.j-sr 5 , my springe, in conformity with his above-mentioned hunting
propensities. The preceding v^Au.xL* is here v.n. 8 of ^^A**, in
the sense of making gain. 43. ,JM*I)! , the letter Sin, with whose
shape ' love-locks" are compared by the poets, as the eye-brows
are likened to the letter Nun, a small mouth to the Mim in its
t/
medial form, a straight figure to the Alif, etc. 44. LIJ , imper.
p
of c^-J , q.v. 45. (J^fcXJ (aor. 4 of JjJ)i that we may give a turn
(to enjoyment after separation). 46. ^l>-.^\ ^^JJ, the wolfs
tail, a name given to the first, or so-called " lying" dawn. 47.
^ and jjl>-, pret. of ^1 and ^s*- respectively, for whose
78 ASSEMBLY X. OF RAHBAH.
J& lk^UJ J^Ul It* jLs^ j\j\ ^
Us & *
synonymous meaning see Dictionary. 48. ^uU^i^ (agent 5 of
^*L*), one who slips away from, i.e. ' would free himself of."
49. ip**k^\ Zsus.** , letter of Mutalammis, an Arabic counterpart
of the classic liter ae Bellerophontis. Mutalammis and his nephew
Tarafah, both poets of the ignorance, the latter being the gifted
author of one of the Mu allaqahs, were sent by the vindictive king
'Amr bin Hind of Hirah, whom they had offended, to Abu Karib,
Governor of Bahrain, with letters requesting him to put them to
death. The elder poet mistrusted the sender and his missive, and
having made himself acquainted with the contents of his letter,
escaped, but could not prevail on his nephew to fly with him.
Tarafah continued his journey, and, on his arrival at the court
of Abu Karib, was buried alive, when scarcely the son of twice
~
ten years." 50. J'^J JJJ, tell a certain Governor. Chencry trans-
^
lates the next two lines with * that the old man," etc., but these
sentences are evidently relative clauses, explaining the reason for
the Governor's biting his hands in repentance, and the message to
O w
him begins with ^'^- in the fourth line. Metre uJUA., 1. ^^c,
1. < ij* (~~ -twice). 51. JZ, either
'am, the first meaning "coin," the second "eye." 52. *****! *j t
ASSEMBLY XI. OF SAWAH.
79
the ill-fate of al-Husain, allusion to the tragic end of Ali's younger
son. 53. ,.4^- ic*^> the shoes of Hunain, a proverbial expression
which will be explained in the notes to Assembly XXYI.
ASSEMBLY XI. CALLED " OF SAWAH."
.. * ***
1. i^j, name of a town between Eaiy and Hamadan, twenty-two
parasangs distant from the former. 2. .ljJ, v.n. 3 of ^J, q.v.
3. cuLo, place where anything is collected, store-house. 4.
O -^
CJJas^l, pret. 7 of J^, q.v. 5. JU, return (to God), "end of
80 ASSEMBLY XI.
LL^\ iji L^ i^
4. i.U'-4J .L^ *J *J^ *JJ '
> y > ^ > * s .J * J J
man." 6. UU-^I Jy, the saying of " would that," the expression
of regret for something irretrievably lost, the crying of Alas."
**"*
7. \j .rr-VC* (agent 5 of ^-a>-), placing on his hip (^ari-) or taking
for support (^-a^ 1 *), " leaning on." 8. ^^L^Uli .... Jl^4 >
quotation of Qur an xxxvii. 59, here taken as a text for the follow-
ing address. 9. *] U, what ails you, how is it with you that.
10. i^jU*J ^, ye heed not. 11. Jj^y (pi. of Jjl3), those who
alight, the visitations." 12. d^JcM and the preceding t^J^-V,
pi. of d;Jk5- and CJJ^^ respectively, q.v. 13. ^j^Jb^CJ 51 (aor.
i
10 of rr r )> 7 e are no ^ nioved to tears. 14. ^^cuij' j! (aor. 8 of
c^!), ye are not burnt with grief, saddened. 15. jJ&J (pass. aor.
of jJLc.\ here "is gathered." 16. *laU , v.n. of ,J^ , meeting,
encounter, here used as an adverbial accusative in the sense of
MM ?
"set towards." 17. 'j\yi v.n. 3 of u$^j> q v. 18. ^ ^^^
he leaves between one and another, for he leaves one with the
a
other. 19. /J/^i (v.n. 8 of +/>-), the cutting off. 20. <L?-!,
pi. of L-^.~O-, q v. 21. ^"Kr.^l (pret. 10 of jj^"), ye have been
OF SAWAH.
81
24. ti u
-' '
LT
JL>
J^
un
LkJl
>"
LJ ^.
LJ
cast down. 22. ^^ (pret. 10 of ^A), ye have made little
of. 23. ^S.^ 1 ^L , and not your laughter, for as ye laughed
not" (comp. p. 33, n. 64). 24. JJ^=r (pi ^ ^^")> costly presents.
25. Joj^xJ', v.n. 2 of Ju^, enumeration, especially of the merits of
the dead, in which sense, however, the form jlj^O* is more usual.
26. u-Jjty (pi. of <5u^\J), mourning women. The following c->jt*
is pi. of <LjU, q v. 27. J^y (pi. of jAf, or J&), the bereaved
in general, or women bereaved of their children. 28. ^JJ \3 (v.n.
9 **
5 of JP^), the pursuit of things pleasant (/*>!), ' daintiness."
29. /*tJ, clientship, claim for protection. 30.
/jlfe, the
destroyer of delights, i e. death, a designation frequently occurring
in the Arabian Nights. 31. ^^LxJ' . . . )l, quotation from the
f
Qur'an cii. 4. 32. **J , aor. 2 of *+. , q.v. The metre of the
^T 1 '
verses ^jb, 2nd (jO*j- (niafdilun, faulun: ^~ ~) with
the same c_ jy^ . The poem is moreover of a kind called k^xu^, in
which the usual Cl>Lj! or distichs are divided into stanzas, the first
of which has the same rhyme all through, a rhyme which also termi-
nates the final lines of the subsequent stanzas, while their preceding
6
82
ASSEMBLY XI.
M ilxi Gj-i
lines have a different rhyme of their own. Here all the inflectional
vowels of the rhyming words are suppressed, and each one is closed
by tasMid (*) or by two consonants with suMn (), whereby the
faulun of each subdivision of the line becomes mafdil (^ - ).
33. \y\ '.'.rcCJ (subj. 8 of !?*=-), so that thou be wary. 34. oUs^
(v.n. 6 of yb-), moving about restlessly, swerving. 35. J?$J ,
v.n. 6 of jJi], q.v. 36. t>\, pret. 7 of Ij, q.v. 37.
-A-tfi^, the graving of the yellow one, i.e. the denar (see Ass. III.).
o o
In (jiJli , as in various of the preceding and following end rhymes
it seems that the two quiescent consonants are to be read with a
kind of tdghdm, as here (jJ , so as to rhyme with ^A^p' , and
similarly in similar cases. For the Student it will be a good exer-
cise to point each of these words with its proper harakah of inflection.
38. i*^&*\xj (pret. 6 of li), thou feignest grief. 39. . . .
OF SAWAH.
83
jliiiJ , aor. 2 of ^c-s-c, 8 of ^^ , 9 of ^ , 7 of Jy , q.v. 40. p U,
what (is) then and there (i.e. beyond the grave). 41. %-XsM
place or court of Assembly, i.e. resurrection; the preceding
means company, congregation (of friends and relations). 42.
-9 f*, (a place) narrower than a needle's eye, i.e. the grave,
rendered so to the entombed sinner through anguish and fear.
43. lj bJJ ^uu^j, turn rotten, moulder. For .*!, as one of the
verbs called ^\& CL>Ufi&4, sisters of ^li, see Grammar, p. 242.
44. U*, a path, here the path, like a bridge, as narrow as a hair
and as sharp as a sword, over which men must pass after death.
84
ASSEMBLY XT.
47
45. Juu' (pass. aor. 4 of ,J)| thou wilt be found. 46. .J^y (v.n.
6 of ^j], overbearingness. The following iJMjJ is pi. of iyy ,
collar-bones. 47. ^j ^ A*Zt\ U.J, for how happy is he who
bridleth (his speech). See Grammar, p. 278, and the preceding
o c.
notes passim. 48. ^j, imper. of ^A^M ^- v ' 49> t/" 8 *^** P re *'
7 of jjS:*. , q.v. 50. jj^sri. . . . Uj , with what is great and small (of
gifts). 51. ij*w)| prohibitive of ,<*i, q.v. 52. jlc (imp. 3 of
. o ~ o
^^^), resist. 53. IgAjJ (imp. 2 of ajJ), keep it from, the pronoun
referring to UJD, hand, which, as denoting one of the double parts
of the body, is of the feminine gender (see Grammar, p. 92, 7).
54. i_^& (aor. 4 of u-^iU), brings on. 55. ^_c^. , imper. of
OF SAWAH.
85
-*.jl3j JU2LJ1 Cl^lj J^UaJ
< _ j^iL, q.v. 56. _l^ b, apocopated vocative for ,^r^> b (see
^ O . "
Gramm. p 201). 57. L^-osT and b , 1st and 3rd pret. of jj , q.v.
58. p' U aor. 8 of Z\, here to be translated by "following them,"
ruling himself thereby. 59. .jL^ (pi. of ^ r *^^-), bandages, splints.
60. te~\*\, v.n. 10 of ^, q.v. 61. Ui-u-a^ (10 of Ju-),
surrendering, submitting, here ' submissively." 62. jj-^sl (pi. of
O-*
ij^Jl, derivative of J^j), kinds, sorts. The metre of this and the
next following verse is the same as above, and, as Chenery remarks,
"a pretty effect is produced by making Harith address the im-
postor in verses like his own, and Abu Zayd reply in the same
manner." 63. c^wJ, Persian for "hand," here of a game at
seeming."
cards, for opportunity. 64. tL-J^Lc, outward show,
65. Ll/, quarter from which the wind blows.
ASSEMBLY XII. CALLED "OF DAMASCUS."
1. &J?p-, a low, well watered plain, witli the article especially
applied to the rich and beautiful plain in which Damascus is situated,
and which, with the valley of Bauwan, the Ubullah of Basrah, and
the Sughd of Samarcand, is considered one of the four paradises of
the earth. Abu Bakr al-Khwarazml says : I have seen them all,
and found the Ghutah to be the most fertile, luxuriant, and beauti-
ful of them." 2. $j^\ jji-^, "freedom of arm," i.e. leisure and
unconcern. 3. c^-JLJ! JjJLs, fulness of udder, i.e. affluence.
4. $j\ Jo, the hand of separation, for the bounty of travel."
5. /^ll? , a course, career, race. 6. ,&~o, a company of travellers.
7. jf^li v.n. 4 of Jf/^, a drowning, diving, here into pleasures.
The preceding c^aa';.4 is pret. 10 of jjji , q.v. 8. j^kc, originally
the place of kneeling of the camels round the water, here fold,"
ASSEMBLY XII. OF DAMASCUS.
87
9
UJ, i/
^ 12 *u.ti
a-*.
ll l> Jljj U
in the sense of home. 9. C^^X-^ (10 of C^-J'), it challenged
destruction, i.e. was in perfect order or completed. 10. LjsM, pret.
4 of _j! , q.v. 11. tJbj , pret. of J^ , q.v. 12. *L^.| (pi. of ^),
clans; the second *Uli pi. of "*>- , in the sense of ' a living one."
o
13. xjj. (pi. /*f-c), resolutions, resolves. 14. i*Mi>$-0* > S^* the
gate of Jairun, either a gate of the celebrated Mosque of Damascus,
or, more probably one of the city gates on the eastern side, called
after Jairun, a son of the builder of Damascus, whose own name is
Dimashq, son of Nimrod, according to others, son of Batir, son of
Malik, son of Arphaxad, son of Shem, son of Noah. 15. ^j^liJ,
v.n. 6 of jS?, q.v. 16. ^y& , one intoxicated, here one in a state
of giddiness produced by watching and contemplation. 17. -^j^>\
-*-! 1 (v.n. of J>;.-0, to steal a hearing, phrase borrowed from
Qur'an xv. 18, and xxxvii. 10. 18. 'LftjLji, v.n. 7 of UL, q.v.
19. ^ y .ijj, imp. 4 of ^j-J, in the sense of the primitive verb, q.v.
20. < -j here mind." 21. *& ^., displays obedience to
88 ASSEMBLY XII.
you, i.e. shows itself in accord with you." 22. \ ; ^ v ,,,^i, pret.
4 of ^-j, q.v. 23. 4-AJ (pass. pret. of ,.$), which he had been
taught. 24. (jiZ) iajy -.' , between glances sideward and down-
. u i
ward," in perplexed incredulity. 25. .^SM yj**Lil, we conceived
its weakness, considered it to be futile. 26. t-Juls"* , pi. of
" ' 9 \
q.v. 27. *^lJL*, pi. of <U^*, q.v. 28. jU'jY, JJ-i'i'
3 of ^*jj and ^j^ respectively, q.v. 29. jU*CL^ , the Samawah,
the desert tract between Syria and 'Iraq. 30. lx*^J \ (pass. 4 of
. ;J), we were inspired. 31. ljJ.{ ".. 1^, pret. 8 of * {..o, q.v.
32. ^JjUA (v.n. 3 of J^Xc), "balancing one's self with another,"
^w* / '
especially "riding side by side on the same camel." 33. ^^c
ei-objll (pi. of l^Js. and ii-Jj respectively), the loops of hindrances
or impediments. 34. 'Iftjl, v.n. 8 of .gSj , q.v. 35. cJ^oU., one
who trifles; c^-5lc (root <J^-\ one who harms (also one of the
names of the lion). 36. <^vc ; pass, of /X^, q.v. 37.
JlS
OF DAMASCUS.
38
89
*j
44
. V 1 43 .-
i'U
42 ... o ^
46
o' o .47 V 9 ^ 7 M \!>U * fM
LS^LT^ ^r^ 4 ^^ r*ui c^^ 1 ^ 1 ^>^ l t
(10 of jJ), we demanded (generally used with regard to payment).
38. i^yU! I\, the mother of the Qur'an, the Fatihah or opening
chapter, as containing the fundamental doctrines of the whole book.
39. i'lil^,, v.n. 3 of ^j , q.v. 40. if US. (pi. of ^ilc), seekers of
bounties, supplicants. 41. i'LiU^ (v.n. of JJul flJlc, may God
keep him in good health), protecting care. 42. Jjj\ ^oUa.(pL
. ^i -
of _Lw^), the lights of his kindred, alluding to the companions
i i
(< Jls^i) of Muhammad, perhaps on account of the tajnis of the
two roots ^.^s.' 6 and ^.a . 43. <G' Zz> ^J'U^ (pi. of -.i), the
keys of his victory, allusion to the auxiliaries (,La3l), that is the
allies, which Muhammad found in Madinah. 44. alip , temptation,
evil suggestion. 45. UU and the following ifbU*, v.n. 3 of
^.i and ^iXc respectively, q.v. 46. ^\+=*. and the following J^c ,
pi. of ^1-,=^ and ^-L*^ respectively. 47. ^JaiC (imp. of !?>-),
keep me. 48. ^^5* and the following u-Jufti^, v.n. 7 or so called
t i
masdar in Mim of i..? and U.-4J respectively for uJul. and
90 ASSEMBLY XII.
c-^UjJ.. 49. ^jjjli5, pi. of L^JiJ , q.v. 50. JJ^c (pi. of *j),
preparations, stores, 'means." For the preceding JAr see p. 46,
n. 26. 51. j*j& (agent 4 of jft), invader. 52. ^--a3 . . . Jx>-l^,
but give me from thyself helping power, quotation from Qur'an
xvii. 82. 53. ^y (imp. 5 of J^), befriend me. 54. .-itp 51
(prohib. of jj), consign me not. 55. c-^Jb, imp. of L_^Jb. , q v.
56. <*ib, health. The second ^-.ilc is fern, of ^[^ , that which
weareth away ; similarly <Lj&^ ^lc in the following line signifies :
that perisheth not." 57. -ilsr* and the following .-lU-c, pi.
S? v J f
^A^* and cU-^li respectively, q.v. 58. *U XL.lb / ~u*Ji\, I
of
swear by the heaven (with its constellations), etc. ; this and the
following asseverations are quotations and allusions to Qur'an viii.
Ixxi. 19, and Ixxviii. 13. 59. .-*-*] (comp. of -i), better
OF DAMASCUS.
91
ls 67 l3lJl Jj^ U U Jr^J J^ <0l JJ
sufficing. 60. i'U? (pi. of ^^), men fully armed. 61. JUJb! (pi.
of ^jll?), objects appearing in view, in the Mu'allaqat and Arabic
poetry in general particularly applied to the traces of the camp
or abode in which the beloved had dwelt, here "the house-tops" of
'Anah, becoming visible from the desert. Anah, on the Euphrates,
was celebrated for its wine of which we shall presently hear more.
o
62. fj^-s'* 1 \ . . . . /jlX4-H , the exposed and the hidden, the
corded and the sealed, i.e. the various kinds of goods they brought
with them, both what was open to view and what was corded in
bales or sealed up in boxes" (Chenery). 63. ^o\J l-Jl I* ^a^i\,
decide what thou art deciding, i.e. " as thou wilt." 64. u.?,rM
)> ^ e ^S^ an( ^ ^ ne ornament, i.e. what is portable and
precious. 65. \^b (from jLir, he cut), a cut-purse. 66. Jft', a
fugitive nick-name given to a certain poet who stole from the ranks
and fled from battle ; also a name of quicksilver, which is here perhaps
more appropriate, and preferred by Chenery. 67. <L)ls-, shop of a
wine-seller, tavern. 68. clx-l-j, the melting of metals, to purify
92
ASSEMBLY XII.
them, here " testing." 69. &\JLLi (pi. of JJ^-0> cup-bearers. 70.
JjJXij, aor. 10 of Jjj, q.v. 71. u ^j-f (pi- of J^)> gazelles,
for beautiful boys and women. 72. .U-j (v.n. 3 of Ji~i), travelling,
journeying. The metre of these verses, which are musammatdt
(comp. p. 81, n. 32), is t-^Ub* , as p. 28, n. 65. 73. jl&jf (pi. of
o I
.ijj), deserts. 74. ,UU with fathah, estate, land, with dhammah,
wine. 75. f* (pi. of iar^*)| elegancies. 76. J^/u . . . ~i*J iJ,
be not angry, nor cry aloud, nor chide, energetic prohibitives of
i_^ic., u-^xs:^, and u-xxe respectively. 77. J^c| (4 of /T^), re-
sounds with the hum (here of visitors). 78. j&>\, 8 of
OF DAMASCUS.
93
80
L. Ii ; JUJ U
q.v
79.
^, patient 10 of
q.v.
80.
_.w . . . . ,
or else the fire-staff of thy grief "will kindle thereat, rub a spark
on it. 81. jlj (imp. 3 of (_<-*)> cure, heal. 82. JU (imp. 2 of
y-i), divert, console. Chenery, who translates draw out thy
"I
cares," seems to take the word for the imp. of J-j, he drew out
the sword, but I believe him to be mistaken in this, as the follow-
ing metaphor of ''the daughter of the vine" appears to prove.
83. .jy^, evening-draught, opposed to ^-^f-^, wine drunk in the
orning. 84. &~*j (3rd fern. sing. aor. of >\~* referring to the
roken plural JV^r)* are m oved, oscillate, thrill. 85. ^A-^O ^ (aor.
4 of), will not permit. 86. Jlsr'* with kasrah, " craft, cunning,"
with dhammah, " an impossibility," meaning here 'to thy utmost
<*
)ent." 87. ^^ (pi. of A^U>), gifts. The preceding verbs are all,
94 ASSEMBLY XII. OF DAMASCUS.
.. ^.r> & '^ JatxJ ' <L^L& <L>-v.=w .Jn _jl .j
90
a, fl C Si Co)M * O
^uJ^ C. s>-^- J J L-^jJjljJ JLJJ |
^juj
1
i! ^ J15
> all
S
like the first u- jU?, to be read with kasrah, and are imp. of verbs
v / P
terminating in ^. 88. <x) (imp. of bjl), take refuge. 89. A^\
(pi. of <U\), nations. The metre is ijLjLr>~, 3rd ^jSjjZ, 1st <-J^ :
I ^ ~~ ^ ~~ twice. It must be kept in mind that li 1 , I,
forms two short syllables (see Grammar, p. 294). 90. ^^, a
butcher's board on which the meat is laid out. 91. Jj J (aor.
pass, of Ajl), is not blamed. 92. clxJ ^b 111 (apoc. aor. of ^\),
has not the time come for thee ? 93. _U (v.n. 3 of ^), con-
* i ^ .
tention. 94. *xc, imp. 2 of jA, q.v. 95. VJLi (adverbial ace.),
through fear. 96. jk-j^_.c, the quarrelsomeness of one drunk,
"drunken humour." 97. .\c (root **), promise. 98.
ASSEMBLY XIII. OF BAGDAD.
95
-J U.Jvjk^
100
mourning apparel. 99. ^JjL (v.n. 2 of ^^/j-i), the setting forth
on a journey after the \j*l&i or halt which is made in the later
part of the night. It takes place either before dawn, or between
the first dawn and the rising of the sun. 100. ^/u-Jol, Iblis, the
devil (comp. Qur'an ii. 28), probably derived from Sta/3oXo?, and
therefore, as a proper name of foreign origin, imperfectly declined
(see Grammar, p. 101).
ASSEMBLY XIII. CALLED "OF BAGDAD."
' originally a place exposed to
the sun), the banks of the Zaura, a name applied to the Tigris, in
o.
the neighbourhood of Bagdad. It is fern, of ,*j\ , bent sideways,
on account of the bend of the river. *jfp' is a l so a name of the
city itself, because its entrance gates are not in a straight line with
the gates of exit. 2. c-> ($!*) hangs on to, i.e. keeps up with;
jLAj ^g! stands for *&> A*JU ; jL^ and the folio wing jU** are agents
3 of > and <jt respectively, q.v. 3. li-di! , pret. 4 of
96 ASSEMBLY XIII.
Ui 6
^ U 1 J
J U V.
o 12 S 11 it i.. it 10
LJ
* jW5**\ J
q.v. 4. j+2^) (aor. 4 of .*A>.), she rises in her course, is trotting.
5. uJ&Jj pret. 10 of Jj, q.v. 6. Jj^ (pi. of Jj;=r), the
young of doves. 7. u^jJo S (pret. 2 of <>Ai), she belied not
herself, i.e. she failed not. 8. < _ ij{x* (pi. of i _ \^*\ the features
of a -woman not covered by the veil, faces; the second < _ ?jW* is
pi. of tijA*, acquaintance. 9. C^l^-j (pi. of a|y-, pi. of o^-;),
lords, princes. 10. ci^Ljy j (pi. fom. of ^^-MJ), great ladies.
11. JjU.c (pi. of iLjAc), things most precious, " jealously guarded."
12. ^JS^Ii . . . J;^ il, my people and my husband ceased not, etc.
The point of this speech lies in the double-meanings of the words
employed, which it will suffice to mention, in order to make the
intelligent reader understand and appreciate it; ,bu?, breast and
c/ *
seat of honour ; c-^JJs , heart and centre of an army ; Jpj , a man's
back and the back of a saddle-beast or beast of burden ; also assist-
ance ; Jo , hand and benefit ; JUAS , upper part of the arm and
helper ; ^j 1 ^ , the extremities of the body, by which a man earns
OF BAGDAD.
'J
M
97
13
_-*jj
J
J\5 14
his living, hence, metaphorically useful servants ; ji , livers, as
seats of affection, and hence children ; I? I) , the organ of vision,
and one who looks at another with respect; L-^^-l-, eye-brow
and doorkeeper, attendant in general ; ...Ic , eye and coin ; dr*. ' i. ,
o
palm of the hand and ease, tranquility, comfort ; Ju : , fore-arm
and fire-staff ; .^.^.Jj , the right hand and power (the Beyrout
edition adds here, ,luu.Jl 9\-<*j> an( i the left was lost, were jLuJ
may also have the meaning of wealth); (^U*, elbows and cushions
to lean upon, i.e. comforts ; <Uij , a front tooth and a young camel
(which has shed these teeth) ; ^b , canine tooth, and an aged camel
(in which this tooth is conspicuous) ; in the remaining portion of
the address the double meaning lies in the names of the colours,
according to which -*a^-l, green, signifies with regard to life plenti-
ful ; jJL^, yellow, applied to "the beloved one," the golden coin;
o.
Vy'i blue, with reference to enemy, the blue-eyed Greek, as the
inveterate enemy of the Arab; j*s*-\ , red, speaking of death, death
in battle. The literal and metaphorical meanings of the verbs which
accompany these nouns, will be gathered from the Dictionary. 13. J!.
is explained by the commentators as >-ji1 *t, water (brightness) of
the face, i.e. face in general, cheek. 14. <^sM ..... W^V!>
which parsimony sets a mote, while bounty plucks it out." 15.
(v.n. 4 of *-s)), weaving, here for versifying. 16. Jc*' 3 M^.s J V. , "it
7
98 ASSEMBLY X1TI
j J^U J 17 LL&y
J
C .. o
Jg. O . . . M .
'. ^^u \ ij* ^\ pf b
iJ <u j^/j^J A-fcjLsr 3
20 *Lil! a^U^ cjl ixSs? U \ j ! 1^
21
JU
would make a rock to gush forth." 17. i?!j (pi. of i_5^j)> reciters,
allusion to a class of persons who in the times of early Arabic poetry,
when the art of writing was unknown, corresponded to the
Ehapsodists of ancient Greece. 18. c- , , doubt, here doubtful
state, uncertainty, insecurity. The metre is -^->, as explained
fo o
e . ._, ~. -^. ^>^, time, here for a long time; the secondy^
stands in the sense of vicissitudes of time, fortune, whose " downcast
eye-lid" means that she withheld from them her evil eye. 20. <U^lll
* H
*L^u*J) , the ashy year, i.e. a year of drought and scarcity. 21. iJ!UJ,
> '
pass. aor. of c^-i>, k.^uta, q.v. The fern, refers to the broken
plural (J^J, fires, which by generous and hospitable persons were
kindled at night-time to attract the attention of stray wanderers.
22. yobyRl i)v, choking hinders (in the full form of the proverb
"hinders from verse," yajJu\ ^J), reply of the poet ' TJbaid ibn
Abras to !N"u man (according to others Munsir), king of Hirah, who
had doomed him to death, but wished him, before dying, to recite one
of his most celebrated poems (see Arab. Prov. i. 340, where also
OF BAGDAD.
99
UW1
28
DJJ cs-oUJl Uj 1 J
b
ji5
another story on the origin of the saying is related). 23.
pret. 4 of tXc, q.v., is the reading of de Sacy, confirmed by my MS.,
'.
while the Beyrout edition has (JU^cJ^V, pass, of the same form, and
^j^kj instead of ^jjlaj . 24. iUi, pi. of ^^T , q.v. 25. .^ij'U, aor.
8 of ^\ , q.v. 26. ^^^i*^, broken again (after being set). 27. -^1,
I imp. 4 of -siO'. q.v. 28. <U ^ tf1^l]1 ^J*-J, "to whom the forelocks
* ^^-
(pl. of <U-*VJ) shall bow down," i.e. the faces in humility and anxious
expectation. 29. ^z+jj J>^j, black (of the infidels) and white (of
the believers), see Qur'an iii. 102. 30. Aar**, side of the face, cheek.
31. t T JJi5J\ .Lu*i1 u>^cJu?, she cleft the pieces of the hearts, for
"she cleft our hearts in pieces." 32. bU**- (pl. of dlL-^), things
hidden (in the bosoms of our garments), i.e. gifts of money.
33. .b~! (v.n. 8 of ,*&*, of which latter the preceding U is the
preterite), the seeking of a gift, begging alms, a meaning omitted, by
100
ASSEMBLY XIII.
._ i.__ jj >_^_i_i._
41 <
J =C J *-2
oversigM, in our Dictionary. 34. *
o ^t
., q.v. 35. ***1 (pret. 12 of
^ > pret. and aor. 8 of
was filled to the brim.
, pret. 3 of c_jj^, q.v. 37. ^^wJ^^, pret. 7 of ^J^,
q.v. 38. Cl^uJ^, pret. 7 of ^-s, q.v. 39. ^isJ^ ^---^V the gear
of modesty, i.e. the veil. 40. fjx> cju-il , would (there were) my
knowing, for " would I knew," a thoroughly idiomatic phrase. The
metre of these lines is ci^xs'*, as explained p. 12, n. 55. 41. t_ itc ,
yV t- o 9
a known form, opposed to^SJ , a disguise. 42. jS? ^L~Z*~ \. . . . j\5) ,
and at one time I am Sakhr, at another time the sister of Sakhr.
The latter, son of 'Amr ibn Haris, of the tribe Sulaim, was a cele-
OF BAGDAD.
101
jjJ L I-*-- j c: LL-j j Jj
U Jl J4l ^ 45 ^V
brated warrior poet, and his sister Tumazir, surnamed al-Khansa,
from the shape of her nose, which was upturned like that of
a gazelle, the most distinguished poetess of the Arabs at the time
of Muhammad. Al-Khansa's elegies on the death of her brother
Sakhr, to whom she was passionately attached, were unsurpassed in
their kind, and she had the proud satisfaction to recite them to the
Prophet himself, when Abbas, her son from her second husband,
Mardas, joined him in the eighth year of the Hijrah at the head of
a thousand men of the Banu Sulaim. 43. ,c,ju.c LlXj^jj, my
excuse then is before thee, for " take then my excuse." 44.
*v*\) ' the clearness of his case and the marvel of his
perversity." Chenery translates, according to the reading of de Sacy,
Now when the clearness of his case appeared to me," etc. This,
however, is inaccurate. Instead of ^Lc *.$> with the nominative
the Beyrout edition and my own MS. read .Jo: CL^^ with the
oblique case, which means when I perceived, became aware of."
J^Lc da would signify " helped me." Perhaps J| should here be
taken in the sense of command, authority to command, power, and
J*\, in that of L-^-^sf , and the passage might be rendered : when
I perceived the brilliancy of his command of speech, and the novelty
o .
of his wonderful case. 45. &~J (v.n. 2 of Xii), rebuke. 46. c^iiin,
V. s A
and the following L^Jl are pret. 4 of L^-O and c^\J respectively, q.v.
ASSEMBLY XIV. CALLED "OF MECCA."
_^
^jfc>\ .,* l.^u.!' ^
" j " ^~
.^ aJoXc ^^ij
i \J\ U^ jUi u^JjL-.^ U^ ^^ uJ e-J^ U
1. ^U! .J^., the City of Peace, i.e. Bagdad. 2.
the Pilgrimage of Islam, on which see Hughes Dictionary of Islam,
s.v. Hajj. 3. c^vaJ', filth, squalor, a word taken from Qur'an xxii.
30, which Rodwell translates : Then let them bring the neglect of
their persons to a close." It is the state of being dirty during the
time of ihrdm, when it is unlawful to shave the head, clip the beard,
or pare the nails, typical of the state of moral uncleanliness of the
Pilgrim, which is to be removed by the visitation of the holy places.
4. uj&sM +~*y*, the gathering of Khaif, the slope of mount Mina.
5. h-jU? , a leather tent ; the following t iU^> is pi. of i^ju^l?, polite,
refined. 6. \ '*'**] (pass. 4 of e-^sf 1 ), we were made to rejoice.
7. l?U**jl (v.n. 7 of IsAuj), unreserve. 8. <Uxj J-Jf, before (our)
ASSEMBLY XIV. OF MECCA.
103
JlJLj Ui
G ,U J
J
JL* U jl c-jUfV y Ui
JUUll
t \ -X ~~' \.<y
emboldening him, setting him at ease. 9. <-^ , hidden. 10. < 5,
sufficient. 11. t_ ?^c = uJ^jc^ , bounty ; the preceding t-JJLc, perfume.
12. jJ^, "a fragrant tree of the desert, also (applied to) the Aloes,
. ?
the Myrtle, and the like," to give the explanation of the \z+s.-* .
p
13. t/l^J, my boy (see Grammar, p. 152, 76). 14. j\ ^-331 , the
elder, the elder ! i.e. let the elder speak first, a highly idiomatic ex-
pression, in which one of the repeated words is said to take the place
of the verb. 15. U-J, stretched out (see Qur'an Ixxix. 30, and the
article Earth in Hughes Dictionary of Islam). 16. L. .. J .* (patient
o?
4 of kuJ), loosed. 17. -J cJJ i (pass. 4 of cJo), it has been broken
down with me, for "my beast has broken down." The regular con-
struction would be
c Jo\ $pi, a man who has been broken down
with, i.e. whose beast has fallen. As the text runs
>,
I am a man," remains elliptical, and Abu Zaid takes up the
tale in his own name again. The metre of the verses is IP- , 3rd
104
ASSEMBLY XIV.
A.
' - ^ w twice. 18. L-^fcJ ... L3j^r>-, a stamped
mustard seed of gold, for as much as a mustard seed of stamped
4 M
gold." 19. .**) 3, pi. of ^UfilJ , anything which causes. 20. c.^Jb.X* ,
here in the literal meaning "way." 21. ^^J (pi. of *j4-^)>
/
gifts. 22. ^-f- (pass. pret. of ^--*-), has been gifted, received
t-v
a present. 23. c-^JfciX*, here path" in the sense of conduct,
doctrine, creed. 24. c^-Ju?^ (pass. pret. of ^-^j), had been made
to suck. 25. (JLc , he neglected his filial or paternal duty, as the
OF MECCA.
105
*S JUs c/jJj i>Jl. Ui
^ V 3
Jyb IfiJlj jl^s
! L!&> U
U* *J
!^ UU.J
MM ^
case may be, here the latter. 26. cL5J jj-aj j , may thy mouth not
be harmed, which the commentators explain : may thy teeth not be
broken." 27. \^-*+ (for ^jL^, pi. of -i^), buildings, dwellings.
Sr ^"^
Metre dxxjsr* as explained p. 12, n. 55. 28. jjt^s*-, from the
Persian *<^, a round cake, a loaf. 29. $Ju*ie, flour made consistent
-f
by boiling. 30. \fy* pass. aor. of o)^ j <l- v ' 31. * JU|di = AJyA ,
a kind of pasted meat. 32. ^J^y, broth in which bread crumbs and
pieces of meat are steeped. 33. *X*3, a sauce for dates made by
boiling to thick consistency the seeds of the colocynth. 34. J\Jl ,
106 ASSEMBLY XIV.
'Ml M ^ M 1 ^ * ' ' "' M t S \
$JuJL4JI CU2U3JI (J*4wJ CUA_A1 i*-" ^ ) 9
37. . . c I 36
<- 1 3t} I 1 v
,.jkX_jJ_j Lii ^tLki^* c5> JX-^xJ*
4 oX -o..
J _J I Itttun fi '^ E
i<T7 ^^^r/^
41 ^ Jill! Utf, UiJ r U*> ^ cj,U)1 J15
44
j\ksj\
for c^<^. P^- ^ *^ ^ n ^ e sense f bounties ; the preceding t^*X is
plur. of the same, in its literal meaning hands." 35. <LL*?|., any-
thing that brings together, here bestowing. 36. u Ua* (pi. of
i^aJx*)! folds, i.e. limits. 37. <^-^J, contenting itself, the fern.
referring to <L*-J, wish, desire. 38. jLi, prep. Jj> with the pronoun
of the 1st person suffixed (see reference to the Grammar given in note
o
13 above). 39. ^.JLLj .--JLt, the consequence of or requital for
the relieving (^u.J^J, v.n. 2 of yJu, q.v.). 40. *f^3 (pi. of
o ^-
Irsrijj), what is newly born, offspring. 41. <V^-J , aor. 4 of <LJ!o, =
the primitive verb, q.v. 42. ><^ (pi. of *^), mantles, robes, to
which the thanks of the two supplicants are compared on account of
their ampleness. 43. b5l (pret. 4 of t_M)i the two paid. fj, fine,
especially for murder, has here the meaning of due." 44. bl*
(pi. of CjTL) J^2^ ) the waistfolds of the skirt. The jjlk3, pro-
perly speaking, is a kind of body-veil, tied by a woman round her waist
in such a manner that the upper part hangs down over the lower as
far as the knees, the lower reaching down to the feet. Abu Bukr's
daughter Asma' was called the owner of the two waist-cloths because
in the night of Muhammad's flight to the cave she tore her waist-
cloth in two, one half to serve as a table-cloth for the Prophet, the
OF MECCA.
107
L>.
1J
other as a handle for his skin-bag. 45. L 7 J > *3^ ^Jte, the promise of
^Urqub, a man proverbial for " breaking his word " (see Arab. Prov.
i. 454). 46. L^JU.) (j*jL) iL^-l- , " a need in the mind of Jacob,"
allusion to Qur'an, xii. 67, 68. 47. LJ J (imp. of { j-^}, reward us.
48. L)txJ| with kasrah under t_J, profit us; with fathah over it, we
have profited thee. 49. *& (dim. of jb), little house, cot."
50. (tfjlcll (pi. of J^), the enemies, referring to the Crusaders, who
had devastated it. Metre ci^xsf 1 , as above. 51. L^ijjjyM (pret.
12 of ,Jj-c)i was drowned.
ASSEMBLY XY. CALLED "THE LEGAL."
u^j^ J>?
1. c_jb J^ <L^U>, flowing with clouds. 2. *LiJ <UJ, a night-
?
dark night. Comp. p. 39, n. 28. 3. \-~*+.\ (pass. pret. 4 of
^^/Ui, q v.) Chenery translates I had not closed my eye," following
9 o '
de Sacy's reading L^-vJ^ci, but the parallelism of construction and
rhyme seems to plead in favour of the text above. 4. ~>l>- , sub-
dued, humble. 5. r+-i\ ir-/-^ J* > " perchance the plant of
wishing has now borne fruit." For the c ^> of the subject after
JjJ see Grammar, p. 248 (154). 6. ^^s^ for O^Ljs^, in haste, being
an adjective of the measure ^;ilxi, which forms the fern. .J&, and
therefore imperfectly declined (see Grammar, p. 100, 3, d). 7. *^,
(v.n. 4 of c^jl), reception into an abode, " sheltering." The following
J may be read with fathah, dhamma, or tanwin of the latter.
ASSEMBLY XV. THE LEGA
8. /*luuJ Lfc^Li-^, " Enter ye into them with peace," quotation from
Qur'an, xv. 46. 9. &^ *?P L^' "for responding (saying L1JCJ3)
to his voice. 10. JJ^J* (agent 8 of tXaJ), one who examines money.
11. t_^Lc ^^>-)> the throwing out of surmises, doubtful guess.
" ?. ' i . .sf
12. iJT^-oJ for b.*-^, irregular comparative of ,^9), utmost.
13. ^^ j_c^ 4 ^A*4 '' I took to How ? and Where ?" i.e. to
inquire after his health and abode. 14. ^J^j <^-*^\ let me swallow
down my spittle, an ancient phrase, corresponding to our let me
^ (_,
fetch my breath" (see the book of Job, vii. 19). 15. Lxl? Cl
*" O
I was evil in thought, = ^a *\~i. 16. J^liuLM (pret. 4 of la-fi.
angered me. 17. +L*\\ <U.:>-, the sting of blame. 18. ^Ir*. (3 of
xK>~), made to ferment, pervaded (like leven). 19. <UuJ! J&! ,
people of affection, loving friends. 20. cl/bj \ $ , thou who hast no
110
ASSEMBLY XV.
J! <u Jl
(known) father, i.e. thou base-born, or according to others, mayst
thou become fatherless," but in either case mostly used playfully,
like the phrase so well known to the readers of the Arabian Nights,
Ail! ilOurtS, " Allah confound thee." 21. LuUji)\ U-l, brother of
idle words, i.e. empty talker, an equally playful reply to the above
a
apostrophe. 22. t-^p (pi. of c-:l$-i), stars. 23. UJU^K, place or
time of summering. 24. <UJt>Uj ^^J , the tongue of its perfection.
o
25. ^j^JL^t, agent 8 of iJT^, q.v. It is also the name of the planet
Jupiter, taken from the rarer signification "to shine," on account of
the peculiar brilliancy of that luminary. 26. J^<Jj^ , v.n. 8 of J^ j ,
q.v. 27. (jOj-^i 3j}\ ^ t with a driblet from the watering, i.e. with
a little from or instead of much. 28. jV^Ul d/Jj duls- 5 , the cloud
of that day, for " the length of that cloudy day." 29. L^JUS (prct.
THE LEGAL.
Ill
4 C^b^i U JUS
of *-^), inclined, declined, bent " (to the setting). The verb occurs
in the Qur'an Ixvi. 4, in the sense of swerving " (from truth and
rectitude), applied to the human heart. 30. ^-=>- ^-^, a thirsty
liver. Notice the imperfect declension of c^y*-, as fern, of e^Jp-
ril
(Grammar, p. 102, 4). 31. L-^3^ *\, the wolf's disease, i.e.
hunger as ravenous as that of a wolf. 32. ^Ll*j, v.n. 6 of J2.c. , q.v.
33. *^>y5, the paroxism of a fever, leading to a crisis, severe disorder.
34. Hjs" 2 -' (pi. of ^^), advisers, counsellors. 35. culs, cuui^ ,
pret. 1 and 8 of CUy, q.v. 36. r/^;<->, either v.n. of (jwj*->, blotting
out, or pi. of (jw/JJ, studies, lessons, schools. 37. (JMJ\^ (pi. of
<Lo,J^), schools. 38. i^jlsJil , pret. 8 of \+* , q.v. 39. iy;\^ /*^ '>
worn-out way-marks ; the preceding *%>] is pi. of the same word
in the sense of peaks, i.e. " chiefs." 40.
j
L-*J (pi. of
and
respectively), doctors of the ink-flasks. 41.
112 ASSEMBLY XV.
Ui *K j jli ^jJl JLJUJ! JUJ!
J
>!j . . . , and many a shot is without a shooter," a proverbial phrase
meaning that often he who is no practised bowman, hits the mark
by chance. 42. \$*s. i>l*, has shunned from it. The metre of the
verses is i^jLArL, as explained p. 78, n. 50, with occasional change
of the final -^- -into- -.. 43. i~J\ ...... JuJi^!,"a
brother both by father and mother, who was a Muslim, free, pious,"
and therefore fully entitled to inherit from the deceased man.
44. lg-^, her share, i.e. the fourth part of her husband's property,
if he leaves no children, or the eighth, if he leaves offspring (see
Qur'an iv. 14). 45. AJ, a clear text, and indisputed ordinance of
o __ .
law. 46. c^JaJL-a ..... LT 1 *' ^ ou ^ as ^ ^ a ^ en on one wno ^ 8 ^ ne
expert in it, a proverbial phrase for which see Arab. Prov. ii. 109.
47. IffJes^^l, a son of prolonged stay in it, i.e. thoroughly ac-
o o
quainted with it, at home in it. 48. *J*a^* , ^a^ , 8 of /^J and
JJ respectively, q.v. 49. ^x^^ (imp. of j~e), be or get thee with
me, i e. come along. 50. <d)l *>- U^, as Allah has commanded,
THE LEGAL.
11'3
"Mi ? 52 . o *
ui o -i^xs- <Ujj
allusion to Qur'an, xxxiii. 53. 51. Cl^-JLJl, the ark, here that of
Moses, mentioned Qur'an, xx. 39. The following simile of the
spider's web is also borrowed from the Qur'an, xxix. 40. 52. <U^J'
4_c.J, the width or largeness of his arm, i.e. the extent of his
liberality. 53. t-^olla^ (pi. of dUJa**), the choicest, especially applied
to dates, here the best (of what can be bought). The most delicate
parts of a camel ( j^r) ar e called c-^oll?! , pi. of u.-%*&\. 54. ,5^
c-j^s*^* ..... , the smart rider upon the desired steed, and the
wholesome companion with the hurtful that is companied with,
meaning the ruddy dates placed upon the luscious cream, and eaten
together so that the ripeness of the former may correct the richness
of the latter. 55. IfoJ^di' J^U ^1, she will not eat by her breasts,
i.e. she will rather starve than live on the menial services of
a nurse. 56. j^jo-, beware = j^X>-! (see Gramm. p. 233). 57.
wj!-J! <J1 SjS*- , has forbidden the eating of usury, allusion to
8
114
ASSEMBLY XV.
i JJUu)\JJib ^ J
Qur'an, ii. 270 and passim. 58. ^V ^^ t, what was or could
<y
be quicker? i.e. nothing was quicker. 59. ^ .. aor. of ,c , q.v.
is in the Beyrout edition followed by %--^ ,T^, from the exertion,
which words are found neither in de Sacy's text nor in my MS.
60. J^X4, agent 8 of ^, q.v. 61. { JS&A\ ....... 4->>!>
" strike host with host," either signifying, mix them (the dates
and milk) together, or, as others explain, use both thy upper and
lower teeth, ' so as to enjoy the delight of life," i.e. the meal
\ *"
before thee. xxs? is the apocopated aorist, depending on the pre-
o
ceding imperative, of fj&*'t iJ^C.t q. v - (comp. also Grammar,
pp. 83 and 176). 62. Jk\ (imp. 4 of ^U), dictate. 63. ^R^,
x i '
aor. 4 of .J^- , q.- v - De Sacy reads l^AsT , and Chcnery follows
him in his translation, but the above reading, in which my MS.
fb
THE LEGAL. 115
..j\ _. ?
*J
["
67 cKUs! J J IS ^ysJ! ^ 6fl ii^k-^ ^yJl cL Jl isli J 15
concurs with, tlie Beyrout edition, seems more appropriate. The
metre of the verses is i^jLjbv. , like that of the preceding ones.
64. ixsll ...... ii^b> an< ^- (b u t) the son of the true-born son
is nearer to the grandfather, which, being so, the case is, as if the
man had died leaving children, and therefore in accordance with
the law stated, note 44, the widow receives only the eighth
portion of the inheritance, while her husband's grandchild, who
is also her brother, takes main part of the property, and her
i *
brother-in-law goes empty-handed. 65. l^JOfls^ (aor. 8 of <_JJ&),
i U ~ o
will pattern by it. 66. L^-^-Jn, bS*<w&*MV; 1st person pret. 4 and
10 respectively of d-^-o, I had made true (the answer), and asked
(from him) to verify (its correctness). De Sacy reads the CLJ
without tashdid, which would be the 3rd person, referring to
Abu Zaid's entertainer, and translated by Chenery : ' when he
had understood the answer and verified its correctness." 67.
JllJ^j uL5o.&l, thy people and the night! i.e. remember thy
family and the approach of darkness, a politer formula for the
116
ASSEMBLY XV.
O? .4. > ^
following c_. y^i, be off. 68. buS is explained by the commentators
with <L*i*^, in peace with one another. 69. &~L, his mischief,
i.e. his mischievous disposition. 70. t_j!y^ <_Va^, and
the sky rained upon me, and the darkness made me to stumble,
and the dogs barked after me, and the doors spurned me. The
O * i
intransitive verbs h^rc* and < JJlibJ' obtain here a transitive mean-
ing by means of the preposition, while, on the contrary, $s? and
j , with which we would expect a preposition, govern in idiomatic
^- a f
Arabic an accusative. Hariri, who in his grammatical work ifjj
^\Liu\ (the pearl of the diver) remarks, that it would be a
vulgarism to say ,%>- ^iJ , has, with evident intention, placed
the two kinds of construction in contrast, as an instance of elegant
and refined diction. 71. *\*& a^ LCli, so thanks be to its
white hand, in allusion to Qur'an, vii. 105, where it is said that
Moses, before Pharaoh, drew forth his hand from his bosom and
it was white in the eyes of the beholders (its former colour,
according to Muslim interpretation, having been brown or red).
THE LEGAL.
117
By this allusion to Moses, "white hand" becomes equivalent to
a hand able to work wonders and bestow favours. 72. t,JXc>.l
C^olalj , how dear is the meeting with thee, a formula of admira-
tion, as p. 25, n. 33. 73. ^-t^zli Ljwl (j*b.c f the nose of morning
sneezed, meaning the first of the morning dawned, when the
Muezzin calls to prayer. 74. dJo JJiMdJi, "the entertainment
of a guest is three days," a celebrated tradition according to which
the host shall treat his visitor on the first day with large kind-
ness and courtesy, on the second and third with his own usual
fare ; then he shall give him the j.j L^- , namely, travelling
provision for a day and night, and what exceeds this, is alms.
The metre of the verses following is t_ i-ib*., as above.
ASSEMBLY XVI. CALLED "OF MAGHRIB."
.{ " .
j'i A^J c^Uj f*^-*
1. c_-y ^-^> the prayer of sunset, offered a few minutes
after the sun's disappearance, is the fourth of the ceremonial day,
hut the first of the civil day, which is reckoned from sunset to
sunset. The following c.yc!i, the "West, designates Northern
Africa from Tunis to Morocco. 2. IgLkw, in its completeness
(IgJUJo), or according to others in public, that is in a mosque,
which is considered more meritorious than prayer in private.
i v . . i
3. ^Joiij , with what is optional of it, meaning the two rak ahs
or inclinations, which are not \Joj* , i.e. prescribed by the religious
law, but which may be omitted without sin (see the article Prayer
in Hughes' Dictionary of Islam). 4. ijjift&i (8 of J-*), here "had
V
drawn apart." 5. ffjJt*, read with any of the three vowel-points
on the ,jfl, is the most select part of anything (hence a name of
Muhammad as the best of mankind) ; here a select company of
friends. 6. jlk^ (5 of JA), one who plays Tufail, i.e. intrudes
ASSEMBLY XVI. OF MAGHRIB. 119
\ 1 x) 1 A o * I . *
1^ ^^^T \~^ t/** a->^>-y
I JlS ^j ^^^Jb As
upon. For this proverbial prototype of spongers see Arab. Prov.
ii. 838. A self-invited guest after his pattern is called (A>\j,
when he joins a banquet, and J-c^j , when the occasion is a drinking-
bout. 7. .-jbJr! .-J UX>-, they loosed their loops to me, i.e.
rose to me, from the manner of sitting at ease adopted by the
Arabs of the desert when there was nothing to lean the back
against. They drew their knees to their bodies, and kept them
in that position, either by knitting their hands before them, or
holding a sword in front, or tying them with some improvised
sash to the back. To loose the .??>- means therefore, to stand
up, and to bind the ,-o>-, to sit down. 8. ^z**&\ } the two
words, i.e. >-ll_c *)LJ1, Peace on you, ^^L^JjLaJ! , the two
salutations, i.e. the prayers of two rale ahs, to be said on entering
a mosque. 9. ^U^ (pi. of ^.^rv.), emaciated from hunger,
''lank-bellied." 10. Jol (pi. of J'joU), tables laid with food
120 ASSEMBLY XVI.
^.. t n >
;>. .M?I <\J .
ifl A! *u3 ^ J\ LJ
(comp. Qur'an, v. 112). 11. ^^i (pi. of ^.^--c), here choice
points." The second jjj--c is used in the sense of springs or
founts. 12. IO1 (pi. of j-^-), virgins, here in the sense of
y
virgin phrases, similar to Ij3k L1L^, p. 44, n. 5. 13. ^J^j (2 of
_j .), should quadruple, make or produce four. As they were five,
supposed to be sitting in a circle, the left-hand neighbour of the
beginner was the fifth in order, and would have to produce a string
of seven words (vluJ), a task which fell upon the narrator, as the
man on his right had started first. For the legend of The Sleepers
u . # ' 9
in the Cave," see Qur'an, xviii. 14. J^ VcM *J, blame a brother
who is sulky, peevish, or wearisome. 15. CJo. j?>-\ *U-j ^-o ,
make great thy hope in the reward of (from) thy Lord. The first and
last of these words occur in the Qur'an (jxi cLx-J^, Ixxiv. 3),
where also a second accidental instance of this kind of anagram is
to be found in cL^ o J* (each in a sphere, xxi. 34). 16. cl^J ^
+L> t ^ \Jj,, he who is profuse (lit. complete) when he renders kind-
ness, gains increase. Notice the apocopated aorist in accordance with
Grammar, p. 174 (95). 17. J^p CO 1 ^ J^ cL^Ls, "Silence
OF MAGHRIB.
121
l JJii JiU J u^
25
1 \ ,
V_AX*_J_
r & ]
^1 A
UXU_^
26
every one who blabs to thee, and thou wilt be wise" (i%, apoc.
/ i ^
aor. after imp. of jj^o)- ^- S&*s aor * ^ ^^/> ^.- Vt ^* U**^*
before lyas, for whom see p. 56, n. 33. 20. Us- Lis** L-J^OJ , the
drying up of our shallow water (" pool"). 21. >.Lc vy.,
and there is one learned above all the learned, quotation from
. <-. f
Qur'an, xii. 76. 22. Jju JJ, take refuge (imp. of i)J)
with every trusty patron (lit. one in whom hope may be placed),
c
who, when he has collected and possesses, gives freely. 23. (jwi,
imp. of it*y , <l-v. The metre of these verses is >- , , 2nd ^jO)j , as
p. 103, n. 17. 24. c^ (imp. of ^c,), show regard. 25. .^|
/ p
(imp. 4 of ,^-j), put afar, separate from, cut. 26. J^j\, imp. of
122
ASSEMBLY XVI.
-
\ .\ 28 ct t
..T< Ul A < / U )._/
\ ' 27
IJl
x
<Lj'l>U
.
ULj Jli
ijlJL* JUL*J\ j
31 S A.
, q.v. 27. J^o\, imp. of ,-:, q.v. 28. <U *j\ (imp. of
t O .
governing by the preposition L >), cast it away. 29. r 9 ^', pret. 8
of ji\ , q v. The metre of these verses is ^J^*^ as explained p. 35,
n. 80. 30. ^\JU, pi. of J|yU, here, Lord, Prince. 31. l^ly ,
pi. of ^LLtfli, in the sense of favour, gift, bounty. 32. cL/^l^-,
pret. 3 of j)=>-, q.v. 33. iUJb ...... c^J^ry, I have found
Sahban in their presence a Baqil. The former has been mentioned
in Assembly Y. (see p. 36, n. 3). Baqil, of the tribe Eabi'ah, or,
according to others, of lyad, was afflicted with an impediment of
speech which rendered him taciturn to a degree. Once he was
carrying home a fawn which ho had bought for eleven dirhams,
and, on being asked how much he had paid for it, he expanded
in answer his fingers with outstretched arms, and put out his
tongue, of which ingenious laconism the fawn quickly availed itself
to regain its freedom (comp. Ar. Prov. ii. 146). 34. iluLj, agent of
jLs, used adverbially, begging; the following ))jL; is the same
form of J--9, pouring. 35. J-^, rain in heavy drops, "a flood,"
OF MAGHR1K. 123
8 JUM t-Ju-
J15 ^1 J ^.^JJ^I
l! J~c. A^J! c-^LiL}! JJJ
opposed to the preceding La*-, shower. 36. JUS! -4~ (f*j^ ^VA
treasure of him that is reft of wealth ! i.e. how fortunate is the
poor man, who need not fear the dangers of a lonesome journey.
37. <- r -Oj ^J ^_sUn ^j,, allusion to Qur'an, cxiii. 3 (I take refuge
to the Lord of the daybreak) against the mischief of the first dark-
v
ness when it overspreadeth. 38. c-^JbJ) pret. 8 of c-^i3, q.v.
39. L-J *^>- pret. pass, of ,Vr> to come, governing by the pre-
position L >, to bring. 40. .J*jl.sij!, pret. 10 of ci^, <l-v. 41.
Tor ^J some MSS. read *^1 . 42. wy*\j aor. 4 of 9^-, here to
relieve." 43. uuLnO^, agent 4 of .^^ , q.v. 44. <U*^i
124
ASSEMBLY XVI. OF MAGHRIB.
. o Jl co t vi
^.uyi UL*ri^autfU ^
u
*^
wearying ways. 45. *^>, diminutive of ,!j, see Gramm. p. 149.
46. ^..wlsM is explained by the commentators by -.
(plur. of
,.
fair treatment." 47.
plantations, nurseries, seed-plots. 48. LfjjJLJ> ^, energetic pro-
hibitive of S-^, here defer." Metre c->,lJLx^, as in Assembly
I. p. 14, n. 72. JjlJi (next year), and the following end-rhymes
s *
are to be read with Icasrah, here long by poetical license. 49. JjU*-,
one who sets nets or springes for the birds, " snarer." 50. ^^ ^,
energetic prohibitive 4 of J.^ , q.v. 51. u- Jjf~j, particle indicating
a near future, here ' bye-and-bye." 52. J^\ , what is distant,
opposed to the following J^lc , what can be gotten quickly, " what
comes at once." 53. JJ*, passive of J*, q.v. 54. J^ljJi =
* .*> , who visits or importunes much, "the clinging guest."
ASSEMBLY XVII. THE REVERSED. 125
* ^ j UJJ ^Jt JU
Ljl>.
55. JoJJt, imp. 8 of jjJJ, q.v. 56. i!\ c^^J^ , I am not one to
neglect (aor. 4 of il , <l-v.)- 57. -5^' explained by JJ
ASSEMBLY XYII. CALLED "THE EEYERSED."
j L5-
JJ-gJ U r >|J)l! ^-IxXwu^ *1|W^ L-JTM^i ^JaAx* ^U
1. <L>^|J, from ^.L^ J , going backwards; being thus called on
account of the address contained in it, which gives a perfect sense
whether its words are read in their natural order, or from the end
to the beginning. 2. j\^t, and the following ^Ua^, pi. of
and ^r**" respectively, places to which a thing is thrown
, places to which the eye looks up (^ s ). 3. 3oA^, parti-
ciple 8 of ixl , strong, violent ; kxxL* ditto of lxi , exceeding.
4. *irsrC^j\, infinitive 10 of Ls- , "the deeming sweet." 5. *JJ, pi.
126
ASSEMBLY XVII.
Ujluu^. l^aa^ UjU-
JUi
((
of the preceding ^J J ; for the proverbial phrase, to cast one's
bucket amongst the buckets," comp. Arab. Prov. ii. 260, 436.
6. \jJ^ , pret. 4 of c_- ^ = \^j\ , they turned away from, " broke
off." 7. Jta" , shears here called dry, because not used during the
greater part of the year ; some MSS. read Jl. , a tick or louse.
8. ,J-J^^ Uj, pret. pass, of ,yi| at what he was given, "was
gifted with." 9. ,*J* , 4 of .g^s , rendered obscure, ' puzzle."
10. j-^^J, aor. 4 of .x*^, q.v. It is opposed to .g^-JO| he strikes
without killing, so that the wounded animal dies a lingering death.
11. (jeU^i i n ^ 4 of ^^ofiJ , q.v. The following j^.L^I , inf. 8 of J*?.
12. lju U ^ explained by Ijo U /^-^ cM^V. i^r** wno w ^ ^ e
tit/ ^
our pledge for this. 13. p*\<fa Li^s^, it is woven on two beams,
i.e. forms as it were two different tissues of meanings, according to
being read from the beginning or the end. The same idea is con-
THE REVERSED.
127
.
veyed by the clauses preceding and following. 1 4. \yj , pret. pass.
of ,*+j- 15. CL)l^u|1 4Wj the word (command) of listening in
silence, inf. 4 of
16. $J>*!\
the term of grace,"
lit. of the number (i.e. of days which must elapse before a repudiated
wife can be sent away). 17. \jy0 t tether to which a grazing animal
is tied. 18. (JJz&jl t_JL*, the station of decision, or the place
i
where sagacity is to be shown. 19. lx=*-Jo, we, i.e. I, will strike
fire, implying at the same time, according to the double meaning
of the verb, and in opposition to the preceding li^J^^, an in-
20.
, verbal nouns of
.
and
sinuation of blame.
respectively, q.v. 21. l^j,, imper. 4 of -^, q.v. 22.
, aor 4 and pret. 10 of <-_->y respectively, q.v. 23.
, listening to you and obedience, the phrase so frequently
occurring in the Arabian Nights, " I hear you and obey." 24. &x~~a,
work, production, here "creature." 25. <-l/J, "the perfecting."
128 ASSEMBLY XVII.
26. ^%s^f "index," or title-page, frontispiece. 27. JLJt .*iLj,
the gleams of cheerfulness (in a man's face). 28. ffuijj*, yUva f
infinitive 3 of I.J and ^i^j respectively, " courtesy," "affection."
29. .^aSb, aor. 8 of v _ 5 ^5 , q.v. 30. t^LlRyk^ ^^J^ aL^LaJ,
eloquence in speech is witchcraft to hearts, allusion to a saying
ascribed by tradition to Muhammad ; some speech is as witchcraft.
31. (JJ*b>~ , pi. of <UuL>- , created being, man, and of (jP^-i dis-
position; the somewhat vague sense of these various phrases allows
either meaning to be taken first or second. 32. c .^J! ^Lo,
aor. 3 of ^-J , separates from, i.e. is incompatible with self-restraint.
33. c^oltM, pi. of.<LU^, q.v. 34. yA&SS, aor. 4 of ^=^0, q.v.
35. <Ltfl=L, the best part of anything, "cream." 36. i_cl, pi. of
<LjLL, q.v. 37. L-o.l>>, here = *\\>- , "recompense." 38. >j-*,
v.n. of jo^, here bestowal of provisions. 39. j&e , one who takes
the seat of honour, "prince;" the second j^ is taken in its literal
sense, breast. 40. *Uj, i'UL, pi. of ^-\j , ruler, and ^b,
slanderer, defamer, respectively. 41. <LLsr* , what draws upon,
THE REVERSED.
129
53
g
cause. 42.
services." 43.
O
44. A hSJ , pi. of
o ?
\. ( aor -
f^- an( l pi-
.?..
nullifies
, pi. of 4.-^, and <L*Jj respectively.
i, the first in the sense of rank, dignity,
power ; the second in that of risk, danger. Similarly in the clause
o
following the pi. ,'jJJl is used first for powers, influential positions;
secondly for divine powers, "providence." 45. <LJU?I, infin. 4 of
-if , (,.?
Jy?, q.v. 46. ejA^J', infin. 5 of L >Ai>, refinement." 47. ,<*>,
o
aor. pass. 4 of ^x) , here = ,<*V (which is the reading of some MSS.).
Others read .J^ , is found, when the meaning of the phrase would
be by persistency in asking or obtrusiveness the thing sought for is
obtained, in accordance with the proverb, kXsj-j Jk>- ^~+, he who
persists will find. 48. **&\ tfjlfbJ (aor. 6 of Cl?i and pi. of <U>-3
respectively), men's values are distinguished. 49. ( j-^ t , aor. of
.jJ^, q.v. Another reading is ,f-^ t , aor. of ,&}, with a similar
meaning. 50. Jw*aL}, inf. 4, here with passive signification, of
iX*5>-. 51. (^.^vixssr, here "in proportion with." 52. *Ui, re-
quital, due equivalent. 53. ,JW> agent 3 of ^^, helper, servant;
9
130
ASSEMBLY XVII.
* J15 1J "
is jUuJ^ \JJb 1^5 L ^J 58 <Lkcj c-j
! 59 JJLJJ l^Jic ^ UJ^ ^ l^JU
o,
the following ,'yi pi. of .J^*, lord, master. 54. >jl, pi. of
X>Jt, q v. 55. iLilc., ilf>-, pi. of (Jil^ and J-^lsj- respectively.
56. e-^irU^, pi. of c-^lax^, q.v. 57. i|^^ Air, is with secrets,
i.e. is shown in keeping them. 58. A-iic, v.n. from lie., admonition.
59. <jA-li, imper. of Jy , then let him say. 60. j|^-^ J^- 2 , arc with
the noble, i.e. are trusted to the keeping of the noble. 61. JLJ, pi.
O ,? 9
of iyij, qv. ; the following j^5, pi. of 5^J. 62. a^jij^ , derived
from <L-L, elegant speech, witticism. 63. *lj ..... JJuUt,
quotation from Qur'an, Ivii. 29. 64. i ! jJj, a slice, part, portion.
\ * 9
65. Ijjl eUiJ, aor of Ij^, q.v. 66. J^fj b! ^, be Abu Zaid, i.e.
God grant thou be Abu Zaid, imitation of an utterance of Muhammad,
on seeing a friend at a distance. 67. J^sr*, infin. of J-sr*, being dry
THE REVERSED.
131
sr J^ i
7
from want of rain, here poverty. 68. _s>-^j^ ^Jjr-, "he declared
the Power of God and our return to Him," two verbs derived from
the leading words in the phrases Jjf->- ^, etc., there is ho Strength
and no Power but in God, and ^)^^j 4j-M Ulj <U.J Ui, we belong to
O O x-
God, and to Him we return. 69. &+*dz , on account of the metre
* . it/ o
for <U*r?.f. . The verses are J-^o , 3rd ^/sjij.^ , 1 st <- r y^ , ^ ^ ^
v^-^ ^ ,S^N-X ^- s_x s_> s^ - , except in the first line,
where, of course the last foot is ^ ^ ^ - , as in the c-^
It will be noticed that the final word <0j? is used in each line
with a different meaning. 70. J^^, pret. 8 of u Lj, q.v. 71. JL4,
pret 4 of <J1-J. 72. Jl^-1 and the following j^a\ , pret. 4 of Jyr
and aor. 4 of j^s respectively, q.v. 73. <)utc here for 4jyi, one
setting, opposed to the preceding foil?, one rising. 74. t/y, here
destination." 75. <*-jyi again, for <UjLi, here in the sense of
ju*J, distant, "afar." 76. LJ ^^V.^ '* like the bands of
Saba," allusion to the bursting of the dyke of Marib in Yaman,
a celebrated event in early Arab history, by which the descendants
of Saba, the Sheba of Genesis x. 28, were scattered to the ex-
tremities of Arabia, and into Syria and Irak.
ASSEMBLY XVIII. CALLED "OF SINJAR"
t, 9
1. V=s^', aor. of *ss?, q.v. 2. .iUJ yo , the sons of Numair,
descended from Ghatafan, and dwelling in the plains beyond the
mountains which separate Tihamah from Najd. They are one of
the three CLJ\j*3*- or independent tribes of the Arabs, and em-
phatically called < J-*n *r^:>-, with allusion to the second meaning
' 9
of *P*^>-, live coal, as not ceasing to burn in war." 3. ,_^^
j~*j J**>- , owners of wealth and substance, meaning goods ready
at hand and provisions for future use (comp. Arab. Prov. ii. 634).
4. ^^s*M <LUL& , who ties to the spot or holds back him who is
f \
in a hurry (by the charm of his conversation). 5. jVscLo, name
of a town in 'lraqu'1-Vjam. 6. *Jjft| pret. 4 of >Jj, q.v. 7.
-iLsl IcJ, "he invited to his banquet the people in
general, not a number of special or selected guests," which latter
are called vJ^LJ . The following laJlj i^LisJi J-fc! is equivalent
ASSEMBLY XVIII. OF SIN JAR. 133
LlU, *jU Q (^\ UJj ^Qlj Lb,&\ ^
^b " Jb^ 1 4 1L.U 10 ^^
to ^^ r^^ J>^1 of Assembly xxvii, q.v. 8. <LiUJ^ tLaj^ill is
explained by >A ,lx^^ (jwQl ,14, high, and low. The phrase evidently
v
is akin to (J-A-Jj ^p , applied to prayer, where it means obligatory
and superogatory, and consequently would indicate here persons whom
the host was obliged to invite, on account of their position, and
those whom he invited of his free-will. 9. [-^>-\ , pret. 4 of c-J^r^-,
q.v. 10. i.^<X*Hj ^-!^\ &**2a\, viands of one hand and both, i.e.
soft food, the eating of which requires the use only of one hand, or
solid food to be broken or pulled to pieces with both hands. The
expression originated with the blind poet Hassan ibn Sabit, a con-
temporary and eulogist of Muhammad. 11. ,** = ./"*-> was fair.
12. <X4^>" an( ^ t ne following verbs are pret. pass, of tX/*^~, etc., q.v.
13. A-**J\ u_ sLjlaJ (pi. of ZiUJ or AJUA)), ''assortments of comfits."
14. >.*v^!> , name of a fountain in Paradise, for which see Qur'an,
o - .
Ixxxiii. 27. 15. ^ .J?.^, disclosed. 16. \***jM*>\, pret. 8 of
A^J, q.v. 17. UL;W| pi- of il^J, here palate. 18. ^.^LJ and the
following c5^^. > aor - pass. 4 and 3 of ^-i> and ^JO respectively.
; .
Other MSS. read t ^*kJ and ^JuJ , that we should send forth, that
we should cry. 19. C-J^jl^JJ b , revenge! a cry uttered in calling
134 ASSEMBLY XVIII.
*
^ J\
T ^ r l^3 ^.WjJ! ^ JUi \
27 JUi ^>1^ cX4S\ 26 ^J:J\ C^j. ^-^ U LUi
1-j bfr^j f-^V, ^4- '-r- 5 '^ c r^r-. **
*^-i ^j/l? <O
30 " ~ ^( 1 I 29
J.JjJX-J
to take revenge for murder. 20. jy*J ^ i^Jco, as Qudar amongst
Samud. For Samud, the inhabitants of al-Hijr, between Hijar and
Syria, see Qur'an, vii. 71-77, and passim. They were idolaters,
and God sent to them the Prophet Salih to convert them, who, at
their demand, brought out from a rock a she-camel in sign of his
mission. Qudar, one of their number, was a fierce opponent of
the prophet, and killed the camel by houghing her, thereby pro-
voking the wrath of God and bringing destruction upon his people,
an event which gave rise to the proverb here alluded to : More
ill-omened than the hamstringer of the she-camel." 21. Je
apocopated aorist in the sense of preterite, from A^. 22.
v.n. 4 of Jj, q.v. 23. LLil, pret. 4 of Jj->, of which the follow-
ing <LJol> is active participle with passive signification. 24. ^fllt-
<UjU ^, was free from guilt (from the sin of breaking his oath).
25. +1 for U, which in poetry may be shortened further into Ll.
26. ^j*, here strict, firm. 27. c/>-> f cm - f c^/ > - > literally
"thirsty," applied to the vow " eager to be fulfilled," i.e. strong,
binding. 28. *j-^> "hidden thought." 29. ^JiJ */^ , "the
fairness of his seeming" (comp. p. 35, n. 79). 30. <U*.j, v.n. of
OF SINJAR. 135
1^
q.v., here character." 31. J ^JkLc, it was with me, i.e.
in my mind, that, I fancied that. Similarly the following >
on (the supposition) that = "in the belief that." 32. C->
^MJL*, "a treacherous serpent." 33. L^>^t, pret. 3 of
/ . y
34. ~*jti) aor pass, of ^-^, joy is felt. 35. UL^lc, c_^..nj, same
forms as under notes 33 and 34, of ylc. and t-^js respectively (the
former meaning I drank wine (jU) with"). 36. b1, apocop.
U) . .
aor. of ^iJ. The following _i, corresponding to the J^iJ in the
oo'
preceding clause, means probing, testing, examining. 37. Cl?tji,
o
pret. 4 of t_j>J' 38. --J , pret. pass, of %--J. 39. e^-o,, pret. of
^j. 40. J-jb^s^ 5 , the witchcraft of Babylon, where the two fallen
angels, Harut and Marut, are held captive, and teach sorcery to
mankind (comp. Qur'an, ii. 96). 41. ,*:&, pi. of UA^C, mountain
goats. 42. ^jy* , pass. part, of jlj , buried alive, in allusion to the
practice of the ancient Arabs to bury female children alive, arising
from a pessimist view, which one of their poets in the Hamfisah
expresses in the words to women death is the most generous
guest." 43. J>jta JT ..... d-%Jjl, she was given of (gifted
with) the pipes of David, the word J I being pleonastic and having
the meaning of jj^s-^, person. 44. tX-jc*, Ma'bad ibn Wahb
136 ASSEMBLY XVIII.
(according to otners ibn Qatan) and .J^s** 5 ' Ishaq ibn Ibrahim were
the most famous musicians, the former at the time of Mu awiyyah,
the latter, like the flute-player Zunam mentioned presently, of
Harun-al-Rashid. 45. i*>*Jj llsr 9 J.J, it would be said: away!
begone ! 46. ^s. : here = \j^j , chief, leader ; the second *--cJ
stands for (Jg&j one who stands bail for, is surety (for the listeners
delight). 47. J^SU! pret. 4 of J-^, " she dislodged." 48. cLJI,
pret. 4 of ,c***J, q-v. 49. t/,c>jl, aor. 8 of <_$j : . 50. -P-4J ', v.n.
5 of ^L. 51. *xJ, pi. of <uJb. 52. J^jl, aor. of JjJ, depending
on the preceding L^-^^, I kept from, excluded. 53. J^-i, pi. of
rfLt^-i, here *' paths " 54. ^vJ\, aor. 4 of ^ , q v. 55. -^i=-,
Satih of the tribe Banu Zi'b, a famous diviner. 56. --^^, agent 4
.
of _y in the sense of shining, flashing. 57. JJjj , falling in drops,
trickling; here waning, "decay," = (jXi^, which is the reading of
? O w ^
some MSS. 58. L^JluM^^, pret. 4 of c /**c-, q.v. 59. *xc, v.n.
OF SINJAR. 137
bis" 63 <dj c_?b JwaL
67
^ ^
U
J\jJj
79 J
wrapping up, keeping close." 60. te&&~> = aa^oc. . 61.
pret. pass. 2 of (Jof . 62. -srV, , aor. of Jj. 63. <d^J5 t >b , the gate,
i.e. court, of his prince, J^ being a name more especially applied
to the kings of Himyar. 64. ^flAftj here rain-cloud. 65. oljjj.,
/ *
pret. 8 of Jii. 66. ,5^J, aor. 3 of /5, should suit, accord with.
67. J5U^, pi. of )Us-, 68. ^^J, aor. 2 of y-. 69. <JLl,
^ ~ "
pret. 4 of i aj, q.v. 70. pjji, v.n. 8 of CJL>, the putting on an
^^ f.? ^ ^~
armour or "breastplate." 71. <&^ ^^> stretching his ears, pro-
verbial expression to indicate eagerness of desire or greed. 72.
c- 9\+M?J\ t J^U v.n. 7 of c-^-~j and Jy respectively. 73. ^.xi^,
pi. of jJU-. 74. jlijl, v.n. 4 ofyi. 75. ^Jb\ Jjl , I ceased
o >>
not to defend (governing with ,.*). 76. L^^^T, aor. 4 of )&>- .
F
77. jjflLafcl, v.n. 8 of u aj,= cl^Jil, refusal. 78. VJ\, molar
teeth. 79. Jl, pret. of J^=j^, and, like this, governing the
138
82
ASSEMBLY XVIII.
83
lir
UU;
J*-^.> <CJ\ JOwV J U.^
U
1J
;U JJ"
c^J^
89 1)\
U
LC
JlS
j\ U
objective. 80. &Uj],, v.n. 4 of v^j, q.v. 81.
2 and 3 respectively of cyj, q.v. 82. i^i^^gj , pret of i e /a-J . 83.
O. .. . . I I
larsT "iJ, comp. p. 114, n. 61. 84. iU-^J!Jl <4 J~*J, a proverb
for treachery," alluding to the proverb f^rj-
more
treacherous (betraying the contents) than glass. 85. +ij- t pret.
pass, of (*p-> you have been forbidden, i.e. "hindered." Metre
jJj^L, as p. 5, n. 42. 86. i^ijlkim u-jUa^JM, v.n. 8 of i-clu and pi.
? i
of dJuoi respectively, q.v. 87. ^^jUj, aor. of (Jfij, preceded by
the particle /*, giving it the force of a near future. 88. c/J^-*
Ju&a, my (possessions, here "resources") inherited ("old") or
newly-acquired ("new"). 89. jJ), comparative of X> jJ , formed
o ^
from the root by the measure Jjcil (see Gramm. p. 52). 90. tJ^,
adverbial accusative of /*tx3, formerly, of old, "long since." What
follows is an allusion to Abu Lahab, one of the most fanatical
opponents of Muhammad, and his wife called the bearer of fire-
wood, against whom chapter cxi. of the Qur'an is directed (which
OF SINJAR.
139
L,^ 4 j^l JUi
JLJ
JJu'i Ui 5L^S1 5
^ j^t*^ ^
UJL!\
. -
l
^. J/
^ l^JU jj^i
fc
compare). 91. JJ^L^ = L j.^t), who mixes in another's affairs,
o
intimate. The following c^ui is agent 4 of C-^i, who causes to
lose, harms, injures. 92. ) j^srCiij, and the two words following are
v.n. 10 of L/^=^> ujj5| and ^_&-l respectively, q.v. 93. 2uJl is^jlr^'
^ " *
persistence in aversion." 94. t ^->oL>, aor. 8. of C-^U, q v.
w w. I y M 4 01 ^
95. laij , ^., aor. 4 of is! and ^ respectively. 96. C^l^Ji, dimin.
of CuLj^ , some verselets, in which reading my MS. agrees with
de Sacy, while the Beyrout edition has c^)Lj^. 97. <UlluAj iL>-^,
"a driving forth to his devil," allusion to Qur'an, vii. 12, and
following. 98. jfr1 v^LL u^ , "he made an irrevocable divorce
with joy." 99. .-i*3, here "resurrection." 100. y*** U^, etc.,
comp. Qur'an, Ix. 13. 101. JtASJ, (j** n , aor. 4 of J^3 and ^^13
respectively. 102. <_l^ , "man is made up of impatience, hastiness ; "
140 ASSEMBLY XVIII.
.^4. J USlj J
comp. Qur'an, xvii. 12; xxi. 38. 103. * : ;^, " there was a com-
<& I
panion." For this initial use of ^, instead of <-I>^, see Gramm.
p. 198. The metre of the verses is c_a-i^ as p. 78, n. 50. 104.
JlJj, agent of ,Jj, in the sense of "hating." 105. U>*A>-, which
* **
in the preceding line was equivalent to i^-oJJ, relation, friend,
signifies here " tepid water." 106. t-^asr, aor. pass. 107. U-K,
V-
wounded; in the objective case as predicate of .<f*J> governed by
.<**^^, 4 of ^u**, in the sense of ^\>. The preceding *-K, one
(to be) spoken to, is a name of Moses = ho who conversed with
God. 108. U.^j, one to be driven away with stones, an attribute
of the devil. 109. .^T) 2 of ^>- = u-o **^, governing the per-
sonal object by ( j-. 110. ^-^, governing by J = ^Uir^l, my
testing. 111. U^w-j ...... 15-^' ^- ^ e re f usc( i to blow but,
i.e. "he would blow nothing but," a simoom. For the interchange
*
of j and ij in the rhyme see Gramm. p. 375. 112. L^J and the
following Cl?lj, 1st and 3rd sing. pret. of c^-o , in the sense of
OF SINJAR.
141
-j.b LXJ
*-) ( j^
116
JJli
ij
^O . For these so-called sister-forms of ^li , to which also belongs
I o
the subsequent lAi, pret. of ^Ai, see Gramm. p. 242. 113. 1JJ ,
aor. pass. 114. .*& , here " he has enough of," governing the
objective case. 115. .g&J, aor. of ,<-&j. 116. >u*', pret. of V ,
he invited him to (objective). 117. U-^1 ..^ i _ J^s^, vessels of
silver. 118. &:isz\ ...... ( _$fJl J j > *$, "the people of the Fire
are not as the people of the Garden," quotation from Qur'an, lix. 20,
meaning that the vessels of silver have not the objectionable qualities
which Abu Zaid had attributed to those of glass. 119. *-^>, aor.
of -~;j> here=J^sT, it is allowed or lawful. The following
<-> ? *~
Jju= is aor. pass. 120. <&\, pi. of \j\ 9 q.v. 121. l^Jy il, pro-
hibitive 4 of ^lj t bestow not upon them, i.e. "show them not."
122. jlo l3y> J.^ 1,, "nor count Hud with 'Ad." Hud was
< A
the Prophet sent to Ad, the people of the Ahkaf in Yaman, from
their midst, who, however, would not believe in his preaching, and
142 ASSEMBLY XVII I.
k
JUi uJU^ -1jj \ JU cJ^b ib U5j
rfljU 4 UL>. j
JlS XJ iJJo: Jo: Ub
tXfi
Jl t >^ J\ JLj >cu ^ Ju^iSI *jjb J
l Ulj JU>-1 ^ ^w c-^Jl ^ J
4 Ir1j ^.^^j Jx m ^f~>\ " SaiU
were destroyed by a hurricane (see Qur'an, Ixix. 6). 123.
,-Jvftl! ^j^j rea ^> i- e - quote from the Qur'an the chapter of Victory,
Surah xlviii. revealed at the Peace of Hudaibiyah, and recited by
Muhammad on his entry into Mecca. 124. JUjul., v.n. 7 of
q.v. 125. j-3, bereavement, in assonance with the following
q.v. 126. X& ..... L 5~- C J> Qur'an, ii. 13. 127. ^J^, agent
4 of ^JJb. 128. Jli5\, pret. 8 of Jy . 129. ^3^, pi. of lii = *jT
above, note 120. 130. *JJui, his number, i.e. the number of his
friends. 131. u-alu^ , 4 of uJLs, here = +$3 , he put forward.
132. e^;W^ , prct. 7 of \)S*-, was derived, gathered, ' came in
to me." 133. ^f>\, 8 of ^^-. 134. e^J (a Persian word),
here " assembly."
ASSEMBLY XIX. CALLED "OE NASIBIN."
-*! JlS
1. *j^c Cl, one little year (dim. of /l^-). This means in the
' i *
time just gone before, and is equivalent to ^-^j CUi J " (some
little while ago). The preceding note, and the words following
within inverted commas, are a translation from the corresponding
passages in the Commentary, which Hariri himself has subjoined to the
present Assembly, and which it is therefore needless to reproduce in
the original. 2. *yV, pi. of *y, lit. the setting of a star, while
its opposite constellation, called L-^-JJ, is rising in the east. Ap-
plied to the stars forming the 28 mansions of the moon, by these
settings and risings the seasons are determined, and the *^ *'y^
indicate the rainy season, which is of paramount importance for the
Arabs. 3. ^^z) ^-]\ , the tract of Nasibin, the Nisibis of the
*** ,
classics, between the Upper Euphrates and Tigris. 4. L.$ji*> a
camel of Mahrah in Yaman ; ^j^X-j, a lance. "Two explanations
are adduced for giving this name to lances. One is that they were
called thus on account of their hardness, from *^^ j-i^l* sa id.
when a thing is hard and strong. Others assert that the name is
derived from Samhar, the husband of Kudainah, both of whom
144
ASSEMBLY XIX.
fashioned lances." A third explanation is that they were made at
Vj t i ^**
Samhar, a place in Abyssinia. 5. ^^^cil) | J-c Ui>i3, emaciated man
on emaciated beast." 6. i*^~s^\, 4 of ^.y . 7. ui^o^J, hit upon
(in the game of arrows), won." 8. c^-a-s^ , pret. 5 of JJAST* ,
had travailed. 9. ^^,^1^ ..... ^^ s ;?> "now stumbling with
the crazed, now winning with the fortunate " (for the double
meaning of Vi .rL , underlying this translation of Chenery, see
.. 9
Dictionary). 10. ,,j, iJ, pi. of *JJ and iJJ respectively. 11.
Jo and /*ly are the names of the first and second arrows in the
game of r**4-* ; the phrase therefore means that his single lot, the
arrival at Naslbln, had become doubled by the meeting with Abu
Zaid. 12. t^Jc^, pi. of &&, a knife. 13. ^j^ss? ji\, a name of
death, or the angel of death. 14. Uu = lftL, which is the reading
of some MSS. 15. u-asf-J^, pret pass 4 of *-Ji>-j, of which ujWji
t,
and Jt below are v.n. and agent respectively. 16. Jj
OF NASIBIN. 145
, "*
J^ ill V^
*jLJlj >^
l UU <uL> Jl ii^ ^U-b 20 c-LJl ^i c^, ^yt J15
ij ^ ^ ; ^^ - c <tfl-i
\ . ^\ \ >*t\ 23
-lcpl 1-ajl
-i ^ \\ &.
U l;jT
-
his pledge was forfeit," i.e. his case was hopeless. 17.
ijF}-, pi. of r*)|^>-i bewildered. Metre c-j>jU^*, as p. 14, n. 72.
18. t-^c, pi. of <-r^> a large bucket of leather, here metaphori-
cally used for the lacrimal ducts. 19. LL-4lj pret. of JUc, had
seized, carried off. 20. L-IuJ^, 8 of u. .z \ . 21. >\SA^ ^i^, "his
(two) lips parted with a smile ; " notice the agreement of the ad-
verbial adjective with the preceding noun in number, with the noun
following in gender. 22. *UJ, last gasp; the following *UbCl is
|
v.n. of A--Le i<ibCi, pass. 4 of .g-*^, "he was made to swoon,"
meaning a trance. 23. A^-\p\ = *s>-\jb\ o (pi. of T jJ, road).
24. ^jOJ, for it is as though (he did, i.e. were able to do, so
and so). 25. _!jp| ^UL, 3rd of ,Ju, pledged you (were able
to pledge you) in wine. 26. Uoj*, agent 4 of ^jl, used ad-
verbially "announcing." 27. iSi ..... ^4^^> we
10
116 ASSEMBLY XIX.
jsS\ j> tifjo c-^Jlj a j sLI J^ ^j-J
l J\5
-
ft , 1ft 30 *" -Jl>
^^^ J ' * Wi^
1 ^L
V i
^^ J
J^^ ^ ^^. 36 l
>
31 ^LL^. L*
34 V i 33 *
a prostrate thing, and a glib tongue, i.e. " we found him prostrate,
but his tongue going freely." 28. UbJcJM, imp. 8 of ^L>- , see
her (the bride, here improvisation) unveiled, look on this" (the
offspring of the moment). 29. <L)J1 .yUlc (3 of ^JLc. , of which
the following ^suu is 2), "God has saved me." Metre -J.;~>, 1st
. OJ 0<> V ' |^*'N-' <*~> ^^
^jOtz , ora (*-jj~*a : ^ | v-/ -^ , v^ |
If
- . 30. *^J, recovery. 31. ^-iU^j, aor. 6 of
while the following .y*^. is aor. 4 of L*J . 32. ^pin ~ .^r a
"until the end of my feeding," JM, food, here being synonymous
with jJj, the sustenance allowed to me by divine decree. 33.
pret. pass, of !=>, infin. /*^>-. 34. ( jv t l) = ^AX> J. 35.
^^il^, the guarded domain of Kulaib Wa'il, one of the most
powerful chiefs of ancient Arabia, and by his sister Fatimah, uncle
of the celebrated poet Imru'l Qais. His guarded domain was the
land, which he appropriated to himself, by placing a lame dog
in its midst, and proclaiming, that wherever the sound of the
barking could be heard, all others must abstain from pasturing
their camels or sheep on that ground, while any game on it was
declared to be under his protection. 36. Ujl, pret. of yJ with
f.
the interrogative prefix \. 37. ,.*>-, for ,.^>-, has its kasrah
OF NAS1BIN. 147
, JJUJ1 uf, ^U ^ !
- ^ J-Hlj JUJ! ^
prolonged by poetical license. 38. .JuJ, aor. 4 ofyj. 39.
MM t-?
jljjjl, v.n. 8 of *X and J^ respectively. 40. ^j^>\ ^juw-j
c'
the magnet of my cheerfulness. 41. JoJ, cream, the best part,
Ja:, the froth, that which is worthless. 42. alibAsM ^jb , ripen-
ing the orchard. 43. iL*, imper. of J.-0J. To join one's rope,
means to make alliance with him, to propitiate him. 44. jlj^Ii
<L!^JLw*^, the Traditions handed down, alluding to Muhammad's
sayings: "Help the wakeful devotions of night by sleep in the
day," and : " Take the day-sleep, for Satan takes it not." 45.
Jttj US, pret. of J-j . 46. c-^ai, etc., i.e. " He made us to
sleep, in accordance of the word of God (Qur'an, xviii. 10): We
smote upon their ears,' in explanation of which it is said, We
deprived them (the sleepers in the cave) of hearing." 47. uJ^,
pret. pass, of i_5^. 48. L*J&l?j, etc., "i.e. we washed our
extremities (hand and foot)," a special term for the ablution.
"(the two mute prayers) are the prayers of mid-day
148 ASSEMBLY XIX.
and afternoon, so ^called because during them the recitation of the
Qur'an is under the breath." 49. Jl>-^, aor. of J-.2*-, may be
read with kasrah or fathah over the hamzah. 50. i^Xc. ^j^, the
Father of Indwelling (hunger). This and the subsequent Icinyahs
or nicknames (see Gramm. p. 221) belong to the so-called Tufaili
idiom, and are explained in Hariri's Commentary as follows :
" *.*. y\ is the name for hunger, which is also called L.jCt ^,
Father of Malik (the angel of hell) ; ^ljj- ^ \ , the Father of
Assembling, is the ^^ (tray or table on which food is served) ;
9 9
A-lxJ \, Father of Pleasantness, = ij-^jp" j^-^ > white bread;
^^^^~ jj\, Father of Lovingness= ^jc*-, a kid; u_o * o !> ^j',
Father of Acuteness= <J-s^^, vinegar; ^^.r ^j^ , Father of Help
!
= ^* , salt; ij~*4>- ji\, Father of Comeliness = jjjb , vegetables;
? t,
tCpiiJ^ ~+\, Mother of Hospitality = _LJLj , a dish made of wheat
and vinegar; ^jls*- 1^, Mother of Strengthening = <U*j^l! , a paste
made of wheat, meat, and spices; >rj-s^\ *\, Mother of Joyfulness
= -c_^L>.j-sM , a kind of pie; ^Jt ^ , Father of Dignity =
U A*^?\, a dish of dates with flour and butter; *)UJ! yl, Father
of Loftiness = -iJjLjLM, another costly dish made of honey;
(H.L*! *-]\ = J^A**xJ^ , alkali for washing; ^Lfijj-ijt, the two
rumourers = ^Jj j^lj uI^wJuii ewer and basin; j-^ y^, Father of
Generosity =,=s^, perfume." 51. t^^JJiJiJ I , etc., that is turned
about between burning and torment, during the roasting. 52.
OP NASIB1N. 149
J\ ! JJb Jly jl *J US tiJJ
o . ~ '
imp. 4 of c->yi>, q.v, 53. *AUb, imp. of **lto, i.e. say JJb,
hither! here! bring! The correctest form of the idiom is to
use Jj& for sing, dual and plur. of both genders, witness Qur'an,
xxxiii. 18, ' those who say to their brethren, (come) hither to us,
but some Arabs say iLfc for the sing., Ulfe for the dual,
for the plur. of the masc., and ( J*b& for the sing., Ubs> for
the dual, ^^X^-X-fc for the plur. of the fern." 54. ^jj-e, here =
servant, attendant. 55. J-fc ^^j " i.e. haste, be quick with ! Jjb
may be pronounced with suMn ( JJb), fathah ( Jjb), tanwin (ifi>),or with
^ after it (.jifc), and an instance of it is found in Ibn Mas ud, who
says with regard to 'Umar, ' whenever the pious are mentioned
haste with (be quick to mention) '"Omar." 56. ^/i-J, ^^j 2nd
sing. aor. of ^yj and ^sr* respectively, here apocopated on account
of the conditional particle ^\. 57. ij^j^ v.n. 3 of u~f*> busying
oneself, here with eating. 58. LjU^, imper. 4 of i IJ9. 59.
, energetic prohibitive of (jwl> . Metre J^l^, as p. 35,
150
ASSEMBLY XX.
60
o \ > I I \
~~*i <\ J : . I V O ..1 1
u^
o 61 * . \ tit
_^-c .L^J^JLJ ^^ Jr-**'
U^ 1 j\
j' JLJ
' JlS
n. 80. 60. *, how many (see Gramm. p. 285). 61. <kju>'
immediately after, "straightway." 62. ^j-J, imper. 5 of
The following ^^1 _. is to be read : mm rawAt 'l-ildhi
ASSEMBLY XX. CALLED ''OP HAlYAFARIQlN."
l c ^U\l ts^UJ Jli
J ^o +#
U
1, ^j-JJ^ls^, name of a town, of Diyar Rabi'ah, a diptote, the
adjective of relation, of which, on account of its length, takes the
form ^jlj . 2. ^j, apocop. aor. of >j,. 3. ^ jl) , an assembling
OF MAIYAFARIQIN.
151
> ljjl3 lis\ &tJ!
or meeting place. 4. < _ ij&, pi. of ^IJ^, choice, novelty. 5. *UH,
v.n. 8 of AJ. 6. ,/^>-i with fathah or kasrah, here voice. 7.
iXJLxj' cijLaJ , one who blows on knots (a wizard), allusion to
Qur'an, cxiii. 4. The following JoiJ is an inferior kind of sheep,
proverbial for vileness (Arab. Prov. i. 513). 8. l> ^ Xx..c , read
indiya yd ( *-> ^ ), the metre being ^--^-s, 1st C./-J of the
1st uo^c (see p. 19, n. 41). 9. LlCi-a-Hj u/^ ' aor *
is sure to kill. 10. ^7^, u5^> aor - 4 ^ 77^ ^ n *^ e sense
same verb, and aor. pass, of ^1 respectively. 1 1 .
jj-ars-, a fortress, stronghold. 12. L/^ P ret - P ass - 3 of ^.x) .
13. ^iaj , etc., quotation from Qur'an, Ixi. 13, which would appear
irreverent in this connection, if the words were not used also in
2 of the
152 ASSEMBLY XX.
bJlj jljjJ! JUir' b Jli
the marriage rite with a similar purport. 14. <X*, pi. of jlc, q.v.
15. ^kXfl*, patient 2 of ^As, one to whom it is said, may I be
made thy ransom." 16. J-ij, aor. 8 of Jj . 17. ,2J| see p. 145,
n. 27. 18. J^iir', v.n. 2. of J^, here cure. 19. ^^ , pret. 4
of /*Lc, baffled, nonplussed. 20. ^j-a-J , plur. fern, of ^/&ol| fair
ones. 21. ^ol , pret. of ^aJl =^U>. 22. jjikj^, (Jh^J, aor. of
^.* and .tf-A-5 respectively, here apocopated on account of the
preceding ^. 23. L_^-juv]l i**|j^i pl ur - of **&)*>, the miseries
of old age. 24. \Jff** t patient 2 of ^s- 9 . 25. cL^li^, d>Uw!,
pret. of U and of 8 of Ii5 respectively. 26. ^jL^c = Lsr. , staff,
with the suffix of the first person. If there were a thong to my
staff (to hold it firmer), is a proverbial expression for if I had
power or means." The following ^ ^\i + is diminutive of ^-k^.
27. <i)jUj, pret. 10 of jj\. 28. JcsT }J ^, he who finds not,
OF MAIYAFARIQ1N. 153
' ^! ..-! .J^ c^l^l ,^
^/ . w*"
i.e. tlie poor. 29. ^^*JU, ^j^JlsrCj, j^iuW, aor. 8 of ^*
and 6 of c^\i>. and il^ respectively (the last mentioned verb is
missing in de Sacy and my MS., but given by the editions of Beyront
and Bulaq, and explained by the Muhit with ( \^. ^j-^j&sC}. 30.
"^1 (pi. of %-^\], etc., "0 mirages of the plain, white shingle
of the hollows" (cliu pi. of A*rf), i.e., ye, who by their aspect
^ ~\
raise hopes, that will remain unfulfilled. 3 1 . *xiIS , pret. pass.
of i_flli. 32. +~Jby>\ pass. 10 of t_^. 33. pSjiJA, etc., "had
been urged to the clothing of the Ka'bah," a ceremony annually
performed with great solemnity. 34. ,<~lj, v.n. 5 of j~>\, which
O .
followed by the preposition < ->, is equivalent to *1JCJ\. 35. ^Jj
f A
= t \j*j\. 36. &jj ...... ^-^y?, I folded him (like a cloth)
over his rent and protected (^yo) his splayness of tooth (li-1)
from examination or inspection, proverbial expressions for which
see Ar. Prov. ii 38. 37. +a\ L*, see p. 51, n. 75, and Gramm.
154
ASSEMBLY XX. OF MAIYAFARIQ1N.
p. 278, 1. 38. *bJ, straightforward; L^5J, as of old. 39.
l*f.ft, pret. 4 of i ^, I kindled, to which the following ^^3\
stands in the stead of Masdar. 40. |p^ ,J^, a bow-shot off.
41. J^c=^J. 42. <Uli ddJ'U, God fight against thee (con-
found thee), a term of playful imprecation, well known from the
Arabian Nights ; for the following dX-ocJi t and J-^>-^ (4 of
LL-=>-, render wily), comp. n. 37. 43. ,<fJ, pi. of jJ , a handful,
here gifts, presents. 44.
what had happened, 'at the matter."
so-and-so, i.e. at
ASSEMBLY XXI. OF RAIY.
155
ASSEMBLY XXI. CALLED "OF RAIY."
1 . (j^^ .>.> 5. pass, of ^xc , I was engrossed with, gave care =
jj^v^/*^!. 2. ^.-oJ ..* -L-^-JJ, the twist of the rope towards
*+-* ** ***^ ^B?
me, from its twist away from me, i.e. right from wrong, good from
p
evil. 3. ciA^i-s = !cuc!y, admonitions. 4. 1^ o *?* , agent 4 of
y? c .>-, angering. 5. *->**-, aor. of /* 3. 6. cLL^ L^J-^J desire
(willingly) obeyed. 7. o^, name of a noted city in Persian Iraq,
birth-place of Harun al-Eashid, and founded, it is said, by two
brothers, Raiy and Raz, from which latter the noun of relation
is formed. 8. *LiJ! ,-^* (P^- ^ ^-*?~)> ^ e 1P 8 f error;
j^ ~-s)l = jJtUl ,.^ (J-sl- According to others ^>- means
clear speech, and ^J , speech that is obscure. A similar expression
is J^sl ^ ^^ 1 c^^c-, I knew a snake from a rope. 9. c^lj
o, one morning. 10. Jl^f, locust (here collectively), so called
\j
156
ASSEMBLY XXI.
(Jju Uj t^l U j ^1 Jyull .0
I
because it strips the ground of vegetation (J^j^). 11. t>U5>- plur.
of j!j-s>-. 12. jj^*^* j (iH^> name of a celebrated preacher
(300-387 A.H.) of whose eloquence the following specimen may be
quoted : "Exalted be God, who has enabled man to speak by a piece
of flesh (the tongue), to see by a piece of jelly (lit. fat, the eye),
and to hear by a piece of bone (the ear)." 13. J .Jj'UL&j Ll
(apoc. aor. of J\a), it made me not indisposed to, 'it hindered me
not from." 14. ^slj>\, aor. 3 of ^*JJ . The Bulaq edition reads
c t
^*jlJ5\, which it explains by ^Xc-lj^, but the former reading seems
preferable. 15. JL&^*Ja^, fern, of cUjo^, obedient, here with
plural signification, unless we take it with the Beyrout edition
as = JJ J jU. 16. la-jj , middle, centre; Set^i midst, amongst.
17. ^U^AJ}, etc., pret. 14 of ^^e , 2 of ^**JuJ, and 5 of
00 . .
18. (JuVf cJ/M> aor - ^ ^ 15*^ and^l? respectively. 19.
w ^" ^
JoJ, aor. pass, and aor. 2 of ,0. 20. J^f>, aor. 4 of
OF RAIY. 157
i *sj d&jo u jj
Sj ^ jjyj ^ JU ^
21. ^^jjj, t/^J, aor. 8 and 4 of 4_Oj . 22. uLx, thy wont,
habit. 23. *^JL_c., fern, of f&*&, purblind (she-camel). 24.
cjU^i, v.n. 8 of C^^. 25. cjV^, pi. of cl^^ . 26. ^U,
the two caves, i.e. os et pudenda. 27. (JJjxc *\ LlxJI, whether
there is anything in thy favour or against thee, whether thou
ownest or owest. 28. C/p^-J' , t-^-jUs^, aor. pass, of (^^ and
3 of e-^uuo- . 29. v^j, at large (see Qur'an, Ixxv. 36). 30.
^^Ju]i J'tftll, the accepted work. 31. ^^ = ^^^1, pret. 8
of 5- c > j q.v. 32. ^^ c_ 3^-j, pass. 4 of j^lj he will be shown
(his work, <&to, in the objective case, because 4 of ^J\j governs two
accusatives, that of the person becoming nominative in the passive).
33. J^, fearful, timid. 34. jjr^i, agent 4 of ^ = J UJ! y^-^
Metre J^U^j as p. 5, n. 42. 35. g*0U*<*, pi. of ^L- 0^*, things
pleasing. 36. ,>-\, 4 of ,*>~ , with prep, -z, tas ruined,
158 ASSEMBLY XXI.
,*tfs -.^
destroyed. 37. <Jj, noble, renowned, opposed to the preceding
U L*U-. 38. jjtflc, imper. 3 of ^^^ . 39. c-;La.^, pi. of L*JLc,
heights, 'high places;" the following c-jliLc means <-~\\\ <UJ ,
i.e. punishment. 40. <JU<H, see p. 150, n. 62. 41. 4U }), prohib. of
; the following LLX^i, i m P- f ( J*-> 42. ^JfcUiJ, aor. 3 of
? ; for Jjj , heavy rain, which is the reading of de Sacy, my
MS. and the Bulaq edition, the Beyrout edition has iojJ = c
cloud. 43. /*'w*^-, death. 44. c-jLj, pi. of <Lo . 45.
J*l, v.n. 6 and 4 of ^J and jdi respectively. 46. J*5 <Li>^!! ,
an expression borrowed from the law of inheritance, where it means
that the aggregate of fractions to which the heirs of a property
are entitled exceed the unity, and therefore necessitates a pro-
portional reduction of the individual shares. But Z^ * having
also the meaning of an obligatory prayer, here that of sunset, the
phrase signifies, that the time for it has fallen short, and that
two prayers would have to be compressed into the remainder of
the day. 47. ^Ul , 8 of ^. 48. cU, ^, agent of ^ and ^
OF RA1Y.
respectively. 49.
1st < .s^ i >-/s^
, agent of
= dCdl? I*. 51.
-
. Metre J-^o, 1st
^ ^ , twice. 50.
, aor. 4 of ^ J^ and ^sl respectively,
he weaves warp and woof." 52. U?J^, 4 of ^-'> with the final
prolonged by metrical license, as in several of the lines following.
53. UJ, surely not. 54. &(*, pi. of <^U 55. JJul, imper. 7
of Jy. 56. b^,, imper. of J>jj. 57. -..Ij*-^, ^~, water of a
saltish or bitter taste, and sweet water respectively. 58. JL*1 ,
pret. 4 of J-*j. 59. *^ ^u , energetic of ''thou shalt be
pitiful to him." 60. !jj, a lisper. 61.
160
ASSEMBLY XXI.
energetic passive of ^L^ , and 3 of i_^xrs- respectively. Of the
same form are the verbs in the line following. 62. U-i, here
= (Aj;, excess." 63. ..^j^^L 8 of . ^z*-, he committed; in
"*s ^ ^ ^ ^
the folio-wing .g-^^T^ tir*> the same form has the meaning "for
him from whom he has taken anything wrongfully." Chenery
translates, whom he has chosen," following de Sacy who reads
-.o^l . 64. Li_Lj! , ''more thoroughly." 65. ^ ^^ =
(Sherishi), xJJu* (Beyrout edition). 66. i_^JJi, changing,
deceiving ; the former applied to a breeze, the latter to lightning
not followed by rain. 67. UJ, pi. of ,gS\j , ruler. 68. ^.^ ,
both houses, i.e. the present world and the world to come. 69. , jj
aor. of jjj. 70. L*-U, "the fleeting life." 71. Jlf 1JJ, etc.,
see Qur'an, ii. 201, where, however, this 5th form of ^!j by most
interpretators is explained by " turns away," while here it has the
meaning of he bears rule." 72. J^^J' 2nd masc. aor. pass., of
' \' M
which the following JtJLt is the 3rd fcm. The clause ^Jt^j Jj
^Lurt^l ...... is omitted in de Sacy, who only refers to it in
a note as the reading of some MSS., but it is given in the editions
OF RA1Y.
161
both of Bulaq and Beyrout. 73. ^^.JJ ^JJJ , as thou requitest
(or judgest) thou shalt be requited (or judged) ; comp. Arab. Prov.
y . aV
ii. 354. 74. JU&1, uSi)i, pass. 8 of JU and Ji3 respectively,
q.v. 75. ilil = ^Li, Jljl. 76. LS ^, 4 of ^-^. 77. *f.
<&*, "he conjured him," is the reading of de Sacy and of my
MS., -which renders it with & . 1 r. ^^1 ; others read <&
9 ^ 9
78. ijTj\, jc-^^, aor. 4 of ^^ and c ftr>- respectively. 79.
reading of de Sacy and the Bulaq edition ; the Beyrout edition and
my MS. read ,*#>-_j. 80. tl^i-Jj, etc., the better of two guides
for thee is the one who leads aright, meaning himself, who can
more completely satisfy Haris on the preacher's identity than any
guess which Haris may have formed. 81. Cj J^ , who talks or
converses with. Metre j^-,, as p. 25, n. 33. 82. fc^-M , aor. 4
of c_^. 83. (JJjuo, after thee, i.e. after I met thee last. 84.
t^
,jjlj, as de Sacy and my MS. read, seems preferable to the
11
162 ASSEMBLY XXI. OF RAIY.
85 I
* g ^
JJLJj Joj jj? tl^Jl 88 JJl? dl L^ijLi r U* ^ c^Ul! J15
lj
Bulaq and Beyrout editions which invert the two words. 85.
etc., their " Shem, their Ham, and their Japhet," the three sons
of Noah, who, after the flood, became as it were the heirs to the
world. 86. *JJj==<UJU. 87. C2-&3 , etc., " thou hast been godly
beyond *Amr ibn Ubaid," lit. thou hast stood up to God and not
(i.e. more than) 'Amr, a celebrated ascetic and preacher of the
time of Caliph Mansur, and one of the leaders of the sect of the
Hu'tazilun, for whom see the Article Mu'tazilah in Hughes' Dic-
tionary of Islam, p. 425. 88. ^buallj clx.*J-c, keep to truth.
Metre f-J/- J > 1st (j^^i ^ s ^ S-^r^* ^ or which see p. 19, n. 41.
89. _j!, imper. of ^xj, seek. 90. Jj^ r
folding, i.e. inquiries by letters and writings. 91.
what locust had carried him off, proverbial expression for what
had become of him."
ASSEMBLY XXII. OF THE EUPHRATES. 163
ASSEMBLY XXIT. CALLED "OF THE EUPHRATES."
jfU! J! c
JDt
1. c^'.uJ, intervals, here between wars, times of quiet. 2.
irrigated land. 3. < ?b, pi. of i^jld. 4. fy>1, comp. of
5. CLjLal\ yo , the sons of al-Furat, a family of official scribes and
dignitaries in the civil service of the Caliphate during the fourth
century. 6. u^JLLl , 4 of t-Jjb. 7. <^J>\^\ (pi. of c >^-J), etc.,
equals of Q,a qa , son of Shaur, one of three men proverbial amongst
the Arabs for their generosity, the two others being Ka'b ibn
Mamah and Hatim Taiy. For the former see Arab. Prov. ii. 540,
where it is said of him, " No ill-fate has he who sits with al-Q,a qa ,"
to which ci-,,M.lls- in the text alludes. 8. +$J\ .jji., son of their
?
intimacy, their familiar friend. 9. \^ JJ , pass., were called, com-
I *'
missioned. 10. .y^jj, a village with its fields, from the Persian
, a market, market- town, village. 11. iT) pi- f '^i^T)
164 ASSEMBLY XXII.
here boats, which, are called d>U*14, high-sailed, in allusion to
f. i . ..
Qur'an, Iv. 24. 12. *X*\- = ^> lit. frozen and thereby stiffened,
i.e. standing firm, immovable," another simile taken from the
Qur'an, xxvii. 90. 13. c_ ^LJJ , 7 of < -~~> ; the following < ^L>-
= *U11 Ja*^, c-;L^ = I;^. 14. ^><1, etc. Chenery, follow-
ing de Sacy, translates : " Then they called me to consenting, and
invited me to accompany," but the Bulaq and Beyrout editions, my
MS. and others, which I was able to consult, read as above : " Then
they invited me to accompany them, whereupon I declared myself
ready with the tongue of consenting." 15. Jb cJU^, a worn
turban. 16. <k~~>, calmness, composure. 17. u>J&, c^X> ,
pass. 2 of e^-*0 and Li^v*-i> respectively. The latter clause refers
to a tradition, according to which Muhammad said: " If one of you
sneeze let him utter Praise be to God,' and let those who salute
him in return say, God have mercy on thee.' ' An Arab legend,
recorded by Tabarl, has it, that Adam, when he awakened to life,
sneezed and immediately exclaimed, ' Praise to God," and Gabriel
**
answered, God have mercy on thee, Adam." 18. ()}S^, pi- of
9 *
( j^ l branch-roads, by-paths; ^jS* = J/* 19 -
OF THE EUPHRATES. 165
J5U
S b *32& j^ J^St JlS
LL>- j
j>-, plurals of u-^ and L.^<t>*. 20. apJOMj ^1, prohib. 10
of ft^J. 21. e-^lr^, one who addresses the congregation, and
therefore chooses his words ; ^^o\s>- , one who collects wood, mean-
^
ing here, one who picks up his phrases at random. 22. ^ M ^ J ,
? **
,w,JJ, aor. pass, of if**** in the double meaning of to copy, and
to blot out, and of //*;<*, in the twofold sense of to study, and
to erase,, respectively. 23. lUfiOH <u^:>-, Juhainah for information,
i.e. reliable for it. The commentators vary in the orthography of
the name, some giving for it Jufainah, others Hufainah, but Sherishi
declares the form adopted in the text to be the correct one, which
is corroborated by Arab. Prov. ii. 71 : " With Juhainah is the certain
information." Here the purport of the proverb is the essential
point : to tell how it originated would exceed our bounds. 24.
&*xrl ^UJu, a Luqman of wisdom, meaning Luqman the sage,
after whom chapter xxxi. of the Qur'an is named. 25.
pi. of t~a~a , here castles, fortresses. 26. .<*iy , pi- of
forelocks, the taking of which is a symbol of victory over a foe.
166 ASSEMBLY XXII.
ULj 29 ^UUJl
30
J\ J15 u b
^aisll Jic ^4
Jo
27. ^3tJCuj, aor. pass, of yJ. 28. ?U, pi. of ,<c-^, defamers,
slanderers. 29. d^lcU^- , liere tax-rolls, registers." 30.
1. distinction, judgment; 2. distinct part, detail, point. 31.
v.n. 2 of jU)| stitching together, fabrication, fiction. 32. 5
tribute, taking tribute, tax, taxation. 33. u.P t? \ry , v.n. 2 of
here levying an impost. 34. jj&f., 8 of ^^ = J^^Jcj, reaches,
approaches, enters into. 35. -rj*^ > the Pers. k>-^ , a cash-book.
36. ,<^*J, 15***^' ^ ^ L5"^ an< ^ i^S*^ rcs P ec tively ; the following
-lil} is 1. overseer; 2. eye. 37. <U*u-, and the subsequent words
of the same measure are plurals of the agents c_^wjU- , etc., while
d>L3l and culw are plurals of ci^-o and <Lsu respectively, the
former in the sense of reliable authorities, the latter in that of
trustworthy men. Notice the absence of the article in some of the
governing nouns, and its presence in others, asking yourself what
is the force of either. 38. ( _ JiboJ, 8 of u_als- , reading of the
OF THE EUPHRATES. 107
J c^Ul! 4!^ JU*U Jx "^r*^ JU*N
41
J!
^ 47 lb. J Jl J> w
18 U JJ c^LJCJ! lUc !*,T jjl S\
Uli U^ ^ c^ll JlS
Bulaq and Beyrout editions and of my own MS. ; de Sacy has
< ildLI, pi. of t_g.L>- , which Chenery renders by "breach of con-
tract." 39. ^^f* = ( . J ~*\ , c-^-Jj , vXfel^ . 40. Lb, , here " rein."
<- ot ^
41. Cp?JJi, 4 of ^Jj, q.v. 42. ^w, v.n. 6 of ^j^, mutual
deceit, a word borrowed from chapter Ixiv. of the Qur'an, which
bears it as its title and where it occurs in the 9th verse. 43. J^Lsr*,
JyJa^, etc., patient of J^-s^ (inf. JL5-) and JJ? (inf. J^l?) re-
spectiv,ely, and so on. 44. (jiJiL* = c_Au^M J? g^ia^u^, "a
close scrutiniser" (in the accounts). 45. (Jjs\j *i\ , name given
to a bird of variegated or ever changing colour, according to some
of the size of a stork, according to others of that of a lark. For
Baraqish see Arab. Prov. ii. 89. 46. *, the poison of a scorpion,
" venom." 47. J&S, J^, J^S, ^, ^, pass, of JL),
^Sj, lA3,^juu:., and ^>j respectively. 48. +b U J^Jj, and (how)
small is their number. 49. _^, 4 of _^*, he (had) supplied.
50. \jj j^, pret. of j^, and c^ respectively, both meaning what
is pleasing and worthy of admiration. 51. I&M&&! , v--;^^, pret.
10 of c-^-uuj and c- ^ respectively; the following nouns and verb
168 ASSEMBLY XXII.
<H-*-LZ>) \S?J
are infin. 8 of j^^-^uJ , noun of place and pret. 7 of u-^.* j .
52. L^Las*- , here=c^-JJ. 53. c^-o^jl, pret. 8 of JsJ, allusion
to Qur'an, xii. 45. 54. Jc*-l, aor. of Ay^j- 55. *!/ = ^^^ ^lix^ .
56. orftJ ^ , etc., literally : whose stroke is not struck, whose Jinn
is not vied with, meaning whose performance none can equal, with
whose genius none can compete. This is taken from a tradition
according to which Muhammad said of 'Umar : I .never saw an
'Aqbarl (noun of relation from aqbar, a place in the desert haunted
by Jinns, hence a Jinn, a " sprite " in our parlance) who strikes as
he strikes; a proverbial expression, for which see Arab. Prov. i. 314
and Qur'an, xix. 28. 57. ,*&*, ye have eclipsed (like the sun),
obscured, "cast a shadow on." 58. &.+.+*** ( j~^, a heated eye, i.e.
an eye incensed with anger. For the fern, see Gramm. p. 92, 7.
^ p
59. /%>-\, dimin. of *\ , used in an endearing sense. Metre J^j
as p. 159, n. 49. 60. <_->l , pret. of c-^-1 . 61. JJLj ', aor.
. ^
apocop. and with the force of pret. on account of J . 62.
OF THE EUPHRATES.
169
''f 1 * eJ .; {
Aldi! 71 t __ ^..y
j U
xc r-
L-0 *^-^Jl j^ji *XC U 1_)
'
imper. of u.o'^ with transitive meaning. 63. wL&, agent of /%-Jj.
64. ^J', Jj, apoc. aor. of ^\j and imp. 3 of ^j.j ; similarly in the
following clause. 65. j^, b^., imp. 2 of ^J^ and imp. of ka*. , raise,
put down, in the sense of exalt, abase, respectively. 66. (j^>- ,
originally a cluster of date-trees, then a garden, finally a privy,
sewer. 67. L_Jl>-, agent of .*&- 68. jbcJuJ, aor. pass. 10 of
.y, here ' is brought out." 69. jj-^J', 4 of ^^- 70. ^j =
t_^Lj. 71. e-^-^to, w-^-^c-, pass, of c-^-Jb and t_^>.*. respectively.
*i t V I
72. ^*>i apoc. aor. of ,<^, lu* = .Jl with ace. 73. (ji^c, a
nest on a tree, in contradistinction from '^ or ~ , one on a building,
v? ?
and u c^s j \ or .c^t)^, one made in the ground. 74. .^a\ , etc.,
Drooped his eyelid over his mote," i.e. was silent in shame and
repentance.
170 ASSEMBLY XX II I.
ASSEMBLY XXIII. CALLED "OF THE PRECINCT."
i i u_i!u LJ
.
- e^
J J. ^X^ ^-y^zJJ
-*a
1. c > LJ , it disagreed with, was irksome to." 2. ,J>+&- , pret.
pass. 3. ^^iisstjJj^. 4. jjad-, pi. of ?jJa-. 5. CJJcil,
8 of ^JJfe. Q,ata, the sand-grouse is proverbial, for its unerring
instinct to find its way to and from a far-off distance. 6. CL^-o,
CUij^***J, I doffed, I donned respectively. 7. /*>/-, an open space
round a castle or the precinct of a city. 8. u-i^J? = .MyJ, 9.
^ ^
^J-^*-^, aor. 4 of J^>-. 10. t_ J^-i?, pi. of d-jps, beauties, is the
reading of de Sacy and of my MS., for which the Bulaq and
9 w
Beyrout editions have J^*v pi- of (Jy * ^- ^-r^ = '^'^ ^"^
(pi. of c-^-Jj, originally infin. 2 of C-J, but like ^j-^XJ, q.v.,
used as a noun, meaning the parts of a garment round the throat),
OF THE PRECINCT. 171
,
14
"UJJS <dT U-sj *? U-LJ lUH 1 job c
4) jUi tl^l ^ e^Lft ^ LL5>\ Uc
21 . J'
he held or dragged by the collar. 12. jx4Ji i_~*l*, the Lord
of Protection, i.e. the Governor. 13. Ujjx^, agent 5 of -^j> sitting
squarely, i.e. with his legs crossed under him, a more dignified
posture than /"A^-, sitting on one's heels with the knees on the
ground, and *\J&\, sitting on the buttocks, leaning back, and with
raised knees. 1 4. e cb , ankle. The phrase, May Allah set his
ankle on high;" is metaphorically used for, May He exalt him
above others," and c^Jo became thus synonymous with power,
i * \ c '\\ i
honour, reputation of a man or tribe. 15. W-JjO' <u 1 J (apocop.
aor. of \ governing two accusatives), I failed him not as to in-
struction, for I failed not in instructing him. 16. J-^, apoc. aor.
of J-oL. 17. Jfy., aor. 8 of ^. 18. ^y^, J 2 ^ , aor. 8 of
^j and ^r respectively, the latter either in the sense of being
fecundated, made fruitful, or (according to Sherishi) in that of being
made to drink the milk of a milch camel (JLdcfx). 19. /*Lc for
L ,** 20. jj>Ju-l 5!, etc., I have not broken the staff of thy
affair, i.e. I have not injured thee in any way. 21. \^S\^-\ =
i ^ < ?'\
Ujj-^-^S', more shameful. 22. j&? , sorcery, magic, here eloquent
172
ASSEMBLY XXIII.
J*, JJ ^\)\ JlLi jlfcfl cuU!
t- JUJ
r l Ill! LjjJI
U
u g. &-JLJ iJ l#
composition. 23. La-*J, j^A.^, the white, the yellow (fern.), for
silver and gold. 24. y**, he flayed, etc. The three verbs here
used indicate three variations of plagiarism, **H, meaning alteration
in the words without touching the sense ; 'jf**\ (metamorphosis),
alteration of both ; ^*** sj \, copying pure and simple. 25. ^
, poetry is the record, register, archives of the Arabs; a
saying of Muhammad's cousin Ibn 'Abbas, who was accustomed to
quote passages of the ancient poets in support of his explanations
of the Qur'an, probably from a wish to maintain the study of poetry
amid the early fanaticism of Islam. 26. jU! , J\JLJL\, 4 of ,^a
(made foray), and 8 of \^>- (appropriated). 27. -^r ', imp. 8 of
28. *j\p, slough, pool. Metre J*li, 1st ^jo^-i 2nd <^
); the last foot of the measure, as given in p. 159, n. 49,
,. _ _ <
being changed from > * ^ into > -- . 29.
30.
J, aor. pass, of
81.
t
mightiest
? U!
JlJLi
OF THE PRECINCT.
173
5\ J\5
U
46
UU tf
JUi
45
stakes." 32. Jb j|^ , patient 8 of yj>j , elated with pride, made
wanton." 33. A! Li^Jj , has turned towards him the back of the
shield, i.e. shgwn hostility after friendliness. 34. uf*X.4, pi. of
<L j^ , knives, " blades." 35. l/jl , imp. of \*j , keep guard over (<->).
36. ^^L (which has occurred before) = L^ 37. tt, pleonastic
in the sense of whatsoever of ;" jlfJfcE&l , provision or protection.
38. j*jZ^, pi. of J5, here "inner parts." 39. ^.Xe, pi. of J.XC .
40. Uf* = S^Jj ^f lj . 41. e^ , pret. of ^ . 42. 'JjJl J
o
on account of his meanness in requiting. 43. ( jl f }^~) \J&j)
portions, two weights or measures, i.e. two feet, whereby the scan-
i _
sion of the verses above is changed into > / ^ | > ' ^
twice, 3rd ^^ (?&}, 3rd ^J^ (^*-*) of the J^L^.
44. ^'jj, "a double loss," one in either line of the couplet.
45. cj\, imp. 4 of ^j. 46. C^JJ J^-^ (imp. 4 of jU>), empty
ASSEMBLY XXIII.
d<J IP J^ r uj\ ji jyi u^
thy heart, i.e. make room in it. 47.
' *
an apprentice, disciple, pupil. 48. L^-O^J, pret. of ,JV, in a pre-
cative sense, "may I remain aloof." 49. ^yL~, pi. of ^.:. ^ ,^ .
50. L^w*J (pret of L5 -*J ) = ^^ot-Lj . 51. t>J\jJ, inf. 6 of J^,
coming together to the watering-place, drawing from the same
source is with the rhetoricians a technical term for a chance
agreement between two poets in thought or words, and the same
idea is conveyed by the subsequent simile which is attributed to
OF THE PRECINCT.
175
54
j JJ j^
JlUJt c LLJfl Ujfb/ ^ W JUJ 53 <LU~L*^
4 1,1-J i-ttt 4 56 U;J J1UI
UlaJlj
>\ JlaJ
4!
Jlc -lai-J b^j
*)Lf
Mutanabbi. 52. i5U!l =
JUS! =
c ; = ^. 53.
the rope by wliieli two camels are bound together in order to draw
buckets from a" well ; here metaphorically for cord of rivalry," or
poetical contest. 54. jMc , unadorned, here he who is wanting.
55.
, inf. 8 of
56. LJ , and the verbs following of
the same measure, are dual imper. 6 of J-^ , ^Jj* , ^=T, and uJ/^T
respectively. 57. jj ," through clear proof." 58. ^, imper.
of j*\. 59. (j,>,>, ;.:..: 7^, alliteration, paronomasia, one of the poetical
artifices of the -JxJi J, or science of fine style, which form
o
part of the rhetoric of the Arabs. 60. &*j>, with its colouring
or embroidery, the pronoun referring to (..* . v r^ . 61.
a friend or mignon of mine. 62. Xal! = SLc ^oi^ili. 63.
U-Lu2^ , names given to the first and second horse in a race
respectively. 64. j;.*uJ\, pret. 8 of <J--^. 65. , slavery,
176 ASSEMBLY XXIII.
67
*u^ 4 ^>>^ *
enslavement; jj, softness, delicacy. Metre J^*^, as p. 5, n. 42.
66. JijJk-<s = *X-p above. 67. ^JiU, together with its rope, i.e.
altogether. 68. jJu\, aor. 4 of jJu. W.jjgjl, inf. 9 of ..: .
70. ^, foolish talk, "folly;" ^, abandoning, forsaking, flight
from. 71. Jc^, 4 of Jc>- = jjksj- ; j^>- = j) : . 72. ^1 ^ /f ^\
(4 oi j*&\ I make much of him /rowt (above, beyond) that I speak,
meaning, too much of him for me to speak." 73.
< f
etc., a folding up of love after its outspreading." 74.
Vi
the sucking or sipping of the lips (^*5 means originally the teeth,
as shown in a smile, hence the seat of a smile, the mouth or lips).
75. <xc^, pi. of u;^). 76. .J^i here in spite of, " notwithstand-
ing." 77. ^\*\, v.n. 7 of jyl. 78. u^5, pass. 79. ^J^J, aor.
4 of ^JUJ. 80. &\j~i ^X^, from (him) who (is) besides him, from
?, ' >.
another. 81. u. i', - r ^- J > i m P- of '-r^ an( ^ 'r-'^ respectively.
82. /l|Jl, v.n. 8 of either *gj? or , both with the same meaning.
OF THE PRECINCT.
177
U!
V 86
ft J\^JJ
,
CT )
89
. .
?._^i l_'* l^-\_J2 f^-yj 1
' I
92
l i^LJ!
83.
, <LftJ, verbal nouns of
and
respectively.
<*,
84. c^-%-*-i-^, pass. 85. c_~-sfc, imp. of t_ -& , q.v. 86. ^^i =
o
LI^OJ. 87. 2^*1**, imp. 3 of ^r^** 5 . Metre J.^1^, as above, n. 43.
88. ^L=^, imp. 6 of ^j-i^r- 89. *lL! , ^Jb, jj^l, ^1, imp.
4 of c jb, imp. of ^^fe, yj, and ^J respectively. 90. ^JJ^ M ^,
who is there who? 91. Vp, dual pret. pass, of I). 92. k*J , one
class or category. 93. k^> =SJ!MMJ\J t^^lwJ^ L^Uri-1 . 94.
12
178 ASSEMBLY XXIII.
s? Jli
pret. of ^jOjj , I have exercised, practised, trained myself in. This and
the next verse are not found in all the MSS. of Hariri, but given
in the editions of Bulaq and Beyrout. 95. ^i^oxj = <H5uJ tlxasT.
96. Jk, agent 4 of JJ?, towering over, pouncing upon. 97.
^%>, c^.s"', pi. of t_-?lf> and t^lsr 3 respectively. 98. jls*\,
pret. 8 of Jj^. 99. ^u*j>-, lit. stuffing, here contents. 100. j^2j if
iLU <U , no mouse approaches it, proverbial to express scantiness of
provisions. 101. J ^^, he was pitiful to, compassionate. 102.
.^. , pi. of ^ -.-, here changes, vicissitudes. 103. ,<-i-*J, that
perchance I," the suffixed personal pronoun being subject in the
u
accusative (see Gramm. p. 248, 154). 104. djLc r^> = <LiLluj .
i *
105. JyJ, pi of ' fi-i'^i bystanders. 106. ^jjL^, a campaign,
here aim, purport. 107. ^^J, *W^> ^- 4 ^ L^'*J an ^ ^*J rc "
OF THE PRECINCT. 179
^JO L* I -Y~>
J
*
L s^T* 5 ?"
yjt-! tJ&\ U Ju j ^^1 c^Ui tf#>. J! 1
^ ii 4^ Jy^ ^ ^ ,<^f2d*j Si
u-
J\ J\ J^jl J! JUi
spectively. 108. t*- : ^, for whatever, reading of de Sacy and my
MS., in which the I* is pleonastic ; the Bulaq and Beyrout editions
suppress it. 109. ^-^..Jw* L--0-L?, the owner of my clothes,
which he had just said to be a loan, an improvised lie, to win
the good graces of the Governor for Haris. 110.
J. 111. ^JuAV==U|Sy*
(helping) hands, benefits. 113.
T, pi. of J\J^T. 115. ^ IjL^aeW. 116.
of ^. 117. vjylc^ (subj. 10 of (j^ysjfijLj. 118. Uj or
^JfcJ, perhaps the Ur of the Chaldees is the name given by the
Arab conquerors to the city of Edessa in northern Mesopotamia.
119. ^yiixb ^\ t etc., how should Suhail and Suha meet? Suhail
is the brilliant star Canopus of the southern sky, Suha the smallest
star in the Greater Bear, the former used as a simile for anything
great, the latter for minuteness or insignificance, and to say of
180 ASSEMBLY XXIII. OF THE PRECINCT.
two persons or objects, that they are distant from each other as
Suhail and Suha, signifies that they are far apart in space or
dignity. 120. j^iio, frowning, here the severe looks or austerity
of an official. 121. t_ a^j , aor. of (_jL0j. 122. c^x>, used in
a triple sense: 1. suit of clothes; 2. seat of honour or authority;
3. a losing game. Chenery calls this a poor play on words, but it
may be intended to allay the wrath of the Governor. 123. ^j.> I Vn ,
pi. of (j-JJr, he put on the tailasan. The Bulaq and Bcyrout
editions add \j^&) , same form of \j*& , he donned the is^^s ,
p
the headgear of a preacher. 124. ^jyj , dimin. of J^JJ . This clause
as far as ^iJL-jl , taken from de Sacy, is found neither in the
editions of Bulaq and Beyrout, nor in my MS., but it occurs also
/\
in one of the MSS. of the India Office. 125. ->J, a villain, rogue,
scoundrel. 126. ,Jy = lj&. 127. UWjtj, 3 of Jbj " J dealt
\
with." 128. -A->, *-*>, aor. of -J, and of its 4th form re-
ASSEMBLY XXIV. OF THE PORTION.
181
J15
U
i A! C^lJ^ Jj^V.
spectively. 129. /*lxl here = AJL._L>.. . 130. J't^^J^, the Jew
< A
Samuel ibn Adiya, lord of the castle al-Ablaq in Taima, who was
proverbial amongst the Arabs for good faith (see Arab. Prov. ii. 828).
ASSEMBLY XXIY. CALLED "OF THE POBTION."
v>>
Jite-
J U-a
1. *J^i < ^^, the portion of al-Kabi', a suburb of Bagdad,
thus called because apportioned by Caliph Mansur to his Chamber-
lain Abu'1-Fazl ar-Rabi' ibn Yunus. 2. Xj\*J\ , its lights, the
pronoun, as in the following plurals of the same measure, referring to
r*jyi jjW, the season of spring. 3. <^5j^ t , ,<*xf.> aor. of the 4th
form. 4. j*\y*, pi. ofy&j^. 5. jljui^l, 0\ JuJl, inf. 10 and 8 of
Hxj and x! respectively. 6. 3^3;, literally, a thin rain, meta-
phorically, anything small, a trifle. 7. -LJa^ , inf. 8 of =
182 ASSEMBLY XXIV.
8. ^sJJ, aor. 8 of ^. 9. j , etc.,
pi. of yJ0U| in the sense of eye, iL^l} , fern, of -^u , bright, fresh,
.Llri-, mind, and IfJA*, a raining cloud. 10. J^> , a watching of
the clouds for rain. 11. Ly^z*- ^iU&, the two boon-companions
of Jazimah, surnamed al-Abrash, son of Malik al-Azdi, a famous
king of the Arabs of Irak, who in his pride would have none but
the Farqadan for his convives, and to these stars cups were filled
at his drinking bouts. When, however, two brothers, Malik and
'Uqail, had found and brought back to him his adopted son Amr,
who had been lost in the desert, and asked, on his offering them
whatever reward they might choose, to be admitted as his boon-
companions, he complied with their request, whereupon the three
"{
dwelt together for forty years, until death separated them. 12. d-u5jl
o ^
for c^x~;J', pret. 5 of ^j. 13. tl*****, a bay horse, is a favourite
metaphor for the " ruddy wine," here called ^jy*Z* , restive as
given to throw his rider. 14. U&, pi. of ^^ (the subsequent
P
^j^y^i being, of course, pi. of (j^Ll). 15. ^yb (aor. of ^jjl
and governing two accusatives) = **-c-^J . 1 6. (jwjLsJ\ \JJ J) U.W , the
sitting was at rest with us, i.e. ' we had fully taken seat." 1 7.
he intruded on our drinking bout (comp. p. 118, n. 6). 18.
v^^-Jj, pi. of i'jlc and u-^.*^ respectively. The second c
OF THE PORTION.
183
iu
|Ju-
Jl 31
J\
23
lSl ^ Jjll JijS!
^jus
Jil! Jl
is pret. pass, of ^.-^i. 19. wuv, pi. of ^U-.^, musk, or accord-
ing to others a perfume vial. 20. +$\ for I* .JV Metre ^J^,
1st ^..c , with one c^-.-^ equal to itself: ^ -^N^
/>
>^ vJZ_x - ^- , twice. 21. .c^y, pi. of yy . 22. JL.-1,
!> "
aor. 3 of .JLj. 23. lj, in the objective case, or u-^^ti , for
reasons presently to be explained. 24. jll*, pi. of i'LL*, double-
twisted string. 25. <tj ..>... , one of the greatest grammarians of
the Arabian language, though a Persian by birth, and author of
a celebrated grammatical work, which shares with the Qur'an the
distinction of being prominently called <_>LiJL]! , the book. 26.
Agfo^il, pret. 10 of *j , it was doubtful, obscure, "impracticable."
I t, O ? .
27. c-;ljsT^l, infin. of L_^JS^. 28. <LRJ, apocop. aor. of *y ;
c^.i-j , the daughter of the lip, means, of course, word or
184 ASSEMBLY XXIV.
JlS ^u jb i
Ul J& <o^U J
speech. 29. ^?-UJ, pi. of ^r^*j ; to the same root belong the
^
following jfrj^ (patient) and j*r\\ (agent), " the scolder," and
the scolded" respectively. 30. JLAxJ*, infin. 3 of -.*-, here
interchange, meaning that according to Sibawaihi's teaching, not
only the two nouns of the song may be rafed (put in the nomi-
native case), or nasbed (put into the accusative) ad libitum, but
also the first raf ed, and the second nasbed, or vice versa, the last
mode being the most correct, and therefore adopted by the singer.
This grammatical subtility is extensively explained in Hariri's own
Commentary on the present Maqamah, which, however, may well
be reserved for later efforts of the student. 31. t-jl
, ,
infin. of ^-^-c and ^_/*^ respectively, the former making Arabic,
pointing with the correct vowels, hence inflection ; the latter keep-
ing in mind, hence that which is understood. 32. ujfjjjS^M J JJ& t
the fixing or making virtual the meaning of what is left out or
elided. 33. ?jU, *^V*, inf. 3 of jj^ and jj^j respectively.
34. <uK, etc., refers to the word *3 , which may either be ?/>-,
as the particle of affirmation and consent, and therefore called be-
loved, or +Z>\ , noun, as which it is the general name for cattle,
comprising camels and including amongst these the c_^i-5- < _ Jlr>- ,
a slender milch camel. 35. ^>\ y, etc. The noun, which
OF THE PORTION.
J >> ~)
"A*
J* V
J*U!1
alternates between a singular that binds (/jlj>-) and a plural that
clings (/jL*), is J-j^^ j, trousers or drawers, which according to
some is a singular, forming the plural Cl>iLjy^-j (called binding
because the garment is gathered round the waist), according to others
a plural of the measure J^l*J (JJl*i) from the singular Ju^, and
styled clinging, because this form of plurals is imperfectly declined ;
that is to say, two of the three cases cling to the same final vowel
(fathah), or it clings in its inflection to the verb, which in the aorist
allows two cases, the raf (nominative) and the nasb (accusative).
36. *U *J\j, etc. The x , which when it attaches itself takes away
the heaviness and loosens the bound, is the fern, termination I affixed
to the plurals above mentioned, as Lj^L^, bankers, and the like.
"While without this a such plural forms have no analogy with the
usual forms of the singular, and therefore are called heavy, they
become through the annexion of the x assimilated to singulars like
<&lfc; , whereby that heaviness is removed, and at the same time they
cease to be JJLkJU* (bound), synonymous with the preceding /;^
(clinging), that is, they become fully declined. 37. ^^, etc. The
p
U which deposes the regent without courtesy (J^^Ls^ ,! ^p^-i)
is that which is prefixed to the future and separates it from the con-
junction )\, otherwise governing the nasb, but now, as it were,
deprived of its function, so that the verb returns to the raf as the
normal state of the aorist ; ^j^o ^ , for instance, becoming )^*~ ^ .
38. c ?j-*2.^ ^~*)> e ^ c< That which is always nasled as a term of
circumstance (( ?^!&) is the preposition <lxc, which is never put in
the oblique case or khafz, except by one particle, the additional
preposition ~+ (^- r^ > while cX.. v >.r. Jl e.g. would be faulty).
186 ASSEMBLY XXIV.
i
39. < _ jLi* $\ , etc. The _jLox (antecedent of two nouns in con-
struction), which is deprived of one handle of connexion, and whose
power varies between evening and morning, is ^5o , which in con-
struction with any noun (for instance *Lx*, evening) governs the
oblique case as the natural handle or link of connexion, but loses this
handle when it is antecedent of fakfi, morning, which is put in the
&
objective case after it (.tXi). 40. J**lx W, etc. The regent,
whose last joins his first and whose reverse effects what he effects, is
the vocative particle L> (wherein the \ joins the <_$), the reverse of
which is ^J\ , following both the same rules with regard to the noun
of the person called to (see Gramm. p. 199). 41. <U$l) J^lc ^\ , etc.
The regent whose deputy is more spacious than he in abode, and
greater in craft, and more frequent in mention of God Most High, is
the c-j of swearing, the original particle to this effect, as is shown
by its being used when the verb of swearing is expressed and by its
being prefixed not only to nouns, but also to the pronoun. Its
deputy is the . , the soft labial being, through frequent use, further
softened into the liquid of the same organ. This j is called " more
spacious in abode " because it is more common in speech and more
largely applied in forms of swearing (hence also " more frequent in
mention of God Most High "), and it is moreover called " greater in
craft " because it not only governs the \j^*j or oblique case, like c->,
both as a particle of swearing and by understanding <JL?J (see Gramm.
p. 198), but it also governs the c--^^y or objective case when serving
as conjunction and expressing concomitance, and in this quality of
conjunction it is prefixed to the noun, the verb, and the particle,
OF THE PORTION. 187
U "M -i \_j \(*j
i\
while L > adheres to the noun alone. 42. ^Jjrj^c ^^ <^, etc. The
place where males put on the veils of women, and the ladies of the
alcove sally forth with the turhans of men, indicates the numerals
from three to ten, which have the feminine termination if when
annexed to masculine nouns, and are without it with nouns feminine
(see Gramm. p. 158). 43. c-^js^ i^r-Pi e ^c. The place where the
keeping of ranks is necessary to the struck and the striker (i.e. to the
object and subject of a verb), is the case of ambiguity between the
agent and the patient through absence of the sign of inflection, as in
nouns indeclinable or in demonstrative pronouns, when each of the
two nouns must be kept in its proper order, so that the agent may be
known by its coming first and the patient by its following after.
44. +Zt\ L, etc. The noun which gives no sense except by the
addition to it of two words, or the shortening of it to two letters, is
U.* (whatever), standing for LU , with change of the first i into
its homogeneous guttural aspirate (comp. my remarks on the Alif in
Sir R Burton's Translation of the Arabian Nights, Library Edition,
vol. viii, p. 203 and following). It belongs to the class of words
which apocopate the aorist of two verbs (Gramm. p. 174), and con-
sequently requires at least these two verbs for its complement, as in
the sentence busf* iJl^JuLu U^ , whatsoever thou seekest thou shalt
find, and its adhering to such verbs is called fU^-M . If shortened
to the two letters <t< , meaning stop, be silent," it has a sense of
its own, and implies compulsion (/V^) with regard to the person
thus addressed. 45. i^J^j U, etc. The epithet by which, when it
188 ASSEMBLY XXIV.
X
*S J
3_l UU 48 JJU^I ^1 ciU U ^! V I Ul 47 c
l^-t J! ^J
4 pajl JJJ ^jj^ JUi
jo J^ ^Jj^ 5 ^ U^ ^J c^lLi, ^ U|
j1 ^ 31 cUs!l 4 (j^j Jj jwj
JLJJL1 ^1 *51^ C^^ uLLa^ UJj ^ i'
<U
is followed by ^j, he to whom it is applied lessens in men's eyes, and
is set low and comes out as a simpleton, and exposes himself to
dishonour, is cjL-<9 (a guest), which by the addition of ^ becomes
,.yif- , an intrusive sponger. 46. >J>JjJ <Lj\, a weight, or counter-
poise for your disputatiousness, which weight may be increased if
o . . o . . o.
you are eager for further contest. 47. c^OUb, eL~JlM, pret. of
Jj.a>, and 7 of J-J& respectively. 48. LiUL>>, pret. fern, of J^->-,
infin. JL^, in speaking of a camel "she failed to conceive," and
here metaphorically applied to the thoughts of the company.
49. A-jUJ, pi. of <L*~*j, charms, talismans, of which it is said, that
they had surrendered ((^~*\.JZ*\ ) to Abu Zaid's sorcery. 50. 'Uf 3 ",
veiled it, is the reading of the editions of Bulaq and Beyrout ; de Sacy
has <u!lk* t.^^sf*", veiled its risings. 51. cLJjl, 4 of Jy. 52. jjl ,
here "unless." 53. \^ = JJL-s ; the following
OF THE PORTION. 189
55 1 . c t ! t 1 o * \ t, _ 54 1 c . ., n ii.. i o I
Jb e;^-^
Ju U
t^J jJ < ^/
54. l&, pret. of *-J&, we were astonished, wondered at, synonymous
m
with the following Lls5. 55. \^J^^-\, pret. pass. 4 of t-jjs*- .
56. I**I<IH>I, pi. of (j*4*, ^ e intelligent. 57. 5jLte- ^) C^U, need
is not courtesy, an Arab proverb (Arab. Prov. ii. 690), here meaning :
You are prompted to this through the need you have of me (in order to
solve the proposed grammatical riddles), but not by any courteous con-
^ i ^ 4
sideration for me. 58. LaL?, UUl , infinitives of the respective verbs,
used adverbially. 59. <&jlsr ^j\J = 4-olsj- && , ' plucked away his
side." 60. _!,, 1. wine; 2. palm of the hand. Metre ^***o, 1st
r 1 ^ ^-^ "^ !
, 2nd <~-Jj*o '. ^/ ^ ^ |>-^
-.61. <L.a :;..<^< (patient 2 of
62. -Uaj! (inf. 4 of -^) = <>.lai . 63. j>i', *Xj, pi.
of -bJ and _AJ! respectively. 64. u_5^>, pure wine, which becomes
<L*_A_*A^ when diluted with water. 65. 9u^*j agent 8 of _^j, of
/ . o
which latter the preceding L-^.j is preterite. 66. AJy*,Ax, patient
of J^*^ , (wine that had been) exposed to, i.e. cooled by, the north
190 ASSEMBLY XXIV. OF THE PORTION.
1 JU^I Ji^.^
wind ( JU>-i). 67. ^-j (,/AJtj^ == <-^JLS1 t, form of admiration, as
p. 25, n. 33 (Gramm. p. 278). 68. _U , agent of the preceding Ur*,
pret. of ^s- 1 * . Standing in pause it takes Jcasrah (here lengthened by
* o
prosodical license) instead of tanwin. 69. -J, ^^i ^^'> ^ >
preterite and agent, and aor. and agent of jJ and ^s: respectively.
70. *ftUW d A^JJ , a people whose disposition (pi. of &*Zjr*\ referring
to Ghassan, with which tribe Abu Zaid claims kinship 71. U> U
= -^L0 b (see Gramm. p. 201). 72. ^La*, end, termination.
ASSEMBLY XXV. OF KARAJ. 191
ASSEMBLY XXY. CALLED "OF KAKAJ."
* Jli f Ufc
U-U UJL*, ^ULII l^
1. *j5, a town in the hill country of Persian Irak between
Ispahan and Hamadan, about sixty parasangs distant from the
former. 2. ?\J , agent of f~ AJ > which with regard to cold has
the same meaning as ^ with regard to heat (blasting, scorching).
3. JHPT* effort, vigorous exertion, applied to *Lj, " extreme
severity," ' utmost distress," an expression traced back to a tra-
dition of Muhammad. 4. jJs^i^L*, noun of place 10 of <XJf^,
"kindling-place." 5. -Jb^, loil>-\, aor. pass, and aor. 3 of _JJ
and \isLz>- respectively. 6. J^\J , j$&* , agent 3 of j-j and
i ' '. " i
respectively. 7. ^Lkj J, dim. of <Lb^J. The preceding
.&
is a derivative of the 10th form of A, crupper, meaning
192 ASSEMBLY XXV.
11 V .... 11 * 1 M 10
* .
. 13
M
^ i<-* '
j .
here 'he was breeched." 8. * l> for ,<^y V.- Metre Jr>-., 5th
(jOjjZ w ith equal c-^? , which, however, some prosodists identify
with the 4th \jOjjS- and < ^ of the _> ,*> : v-/ - - ^ --
- twice. 9. j3 = jfy. 10. ^1 , aor. of ^1, in the sense
of looking for shelter or protection. 1 1 . jj^yu &> = *J=A> ^r*- 5
12. yfi^?, ^*^i pi- of yU>l (yellow) and w*^ (brown) respectively,
meaning gold coins and lances, the former of which are said to serve
(his friends), the latter to destroy (his enemies). 13. *, pi. of '
/t *
fern, of A^, humped camels. 14. Uijj, pi. of <Lj^. 15.
pret. of ^ = ^^jjJ. 16. b, pret. of = Ju**^. 17.
.J jo L< J (^/**^J , I have nothing to warm me. 18. j
>> - S..^> , the first two of the seven coldest days called J^s
19. s^ 3 ^, inf. 5 of ^-s* 5 ^0. -i>-, a deep sea, here of bounty.
OF KARAJ.
193
b
JiS
J^
oykiUS p JUi L
U 29
15
\
? U
L5 L
L r^LlI Jls^ UJiiu 32 ( *i
5\ LJ^ U
J
21. *^j, pi. of ifji. 22. jg), (J-iQ > imper. 4 of ^AJ and J^
respectively. 23. jrj = i .l>: . 24. cuU^, pi. of
.
, the letter
Kaf, meaning the words beginning with this letter, which are alluded
to in the couple of verses quoted lower down. 25. Sljtj*, infin.
3 of tJ,^. 26. <?*)* M H i.f 1 ^^^) m y arm i s m y pillow," which
gives the clue to the two metaphors following, where <U&>-, handful,
stands for the hollow of the hand. 27. JjjLJp, i m P- 3 f j^
let him be beforehand with (ace.)." 28. \^kj\, pret. 8 of lie..
f f
29. J^>-\, imp. of the preceding ClJjL?-, the pret. of ^r- 30.
A-*jf- (j4l, <LjuuJi^ ^^ i!, "the son of his to-day," i.e. his worth is
determined by his own actions, " not the son of his yesterday," i.e.
he deserves no credit for the merits of his ancestors. Metre
as p. 5, n. 42. 31. cJJjii^, agent 12 of tLft"^. 32. *j>-
33. ^cl, ^, imper. 4 of ( ^ and
13
194
41
3 ^ ........ J\ ^_^ JJ
respectively. 34. ^z^ , poverty, straitness." 35.
clippings of hair, here a trifle, a scrap." 36. ~^l^c, referring
to Isam, chamberlain of king Nu man of Hirah, who was proverbial
among the Arabs for a man's greatness by his own merits not by
those of his forefathers. <U^Lic. uJJ , a soul like 'isam's, is taken
from some verses of the poet Nabighah, who says : the soul of
'isarn has ennobled 'lam (comp. Arab. Prov. ii. 745). 37. f"
&+xse\ , elegancies like Asma !, a celebrated Arabic grammarian and
scholar, noted not only for his great learning, but also for his
,9 c.
cheerful disposition and ready wit. 38. J&j, pi. of yfeji, shining
' i \
= *f??\ the following yb: =^Vfcjl. 39. c-yi.!, pass. 4 of < ^-2>,
has been made to drink, "is imbued." 40. (jr^l, pret. 8 of ^: ,
he put on the fur coat (*i^-i), similar to f'l^i putting on a
breast-plate (?j<^)> /*U^1, putting on a turban (<uUx), etc. 41.
<Sl4"> a covering, "protection." Metre -?.;~>, 1st (jc, 3rd t-J^J :
195
- . 42.
Jjj, pret. pass. 2 of JJ^, in a precative sense, "may lie be pre-
served." 43. 4-I>-, pi. of jy>-, taken from Qur'an, cxiv. 6. 44.
.e*^) aor. pass, of y. For the following "silk of Paradise,"
comp. Qur'an, xviii. 30, and passim. 45. e-jL*-:?-, pi. of <_^f-.
46. ixXj *J (apoc. aor. of JM), lie was scarcely able to (aor.).
o ((
47. CJJJ , etc., the heaven showed clear," a proverbial phrase to
indicate that they were safe of intruders. 48. u-gJu ^J (prohibitive
of ^fti), etc., quotation from the Qur'an, xvii. 38. 49. &~b, name
given to Yasrib (Madinah) by Muhammad : "for God made it
pleasant (v-^lL) as the home of the Prophet during life, and his
^
resting-place after death." 50. cjJ = JU^ u. ^y. 61. j\j+&Z\,
infin. 3 of j+&. 52. Ju: ^J\ .Jic ^*, from 'Amr to Zaid, i.e.
from one person to another. 53. LJ>J!, CJjJl, pret. 4 of ciJ and
196
ASSEMBLY XXV. OF KARAJ.
*-
-*J respectively. 54. i_jLx^, pi. of u-ftJLJ, double quantities,
twice as much as. 55. tj? !r.l , <jlc , imp. 4 and pret. 3 of ^A~C.
56. LlxJj = v^^till r^, the final x being that of <u!L* or emphasis.
9 ' w f*
57. j^, Ja-c\, apoc. aor. 3 and 2 of ^^ and ^Jac respectively.
58. A-LaJl j^ tc^^ > more coated than the onion (see Arab. Prov.
ii. 385), whence by contrast the verb to "onion" a man (J-^) for
to ' strip him of his clothes one after the other." 59. *-*b here
-. <ff
= ^jjJ<JOb .^fi**. 60. L^-ajJ), pass. 4 of , ,.^3 , thou has been
made to forget, not as Chenery translates, ' thou hast let thyself
forget." 61. i^JLJiJ, name of a village between Hulwan and
Bagdad. 62. ir^x^ ^Jj^, of the lines of Ibn Sukkarah, a fertile
poet of the Abbaside period (f A..H. 385). His full name was Abu
'1-Hasan Muhammad al-Hashimi, the latter patronymic applying to
him as descended from All, son of the Caliph Mahdl. 63.
for y-+>~, on account of the metre, which is k>MO , 1st
1st <- r >%!?, as p. 19, n. 44. 64. JlL here by metrical license for *lSp,
ASSEMBLY XXVI. THE SPOTTED.
197
jfj&^Ji Jlfi L
L^--JbJ JkJJ <JJ,\JU ^C
T fe *
wine. 65. +.\j jJ+ , "a pleasant wife," as Chenery very properly
translates : the Arabic text contents itself with the rhetorical figure
i */
pars pro toto, for which the Beyrout edition substitutes *-u t to .
De Sacy quotes a poet who says that the seven Kafs of winter are
contained in the one Kaf of \JM.+* (purse), as air game is contained
in the wild ass (on account of the supposed excellency of its flesh).
66. u.ji "\ , ( t j>\, imper. 8 and 7 of ^ and la respectively, the
latter with prolonged final vowel for the sake of the
ASSEMBLY XXVI. CALLED "THE SPOTTED."
1. jyb LJ?*> ^ e * wo mai> kets of Ahwaz, a city or rather a
cluster of seven townlets between Basrah and Persia, where sugar
is said to originate. The explanation of the expression "the two
markets" is, according to de Sacy's commentary, that one part of
the inhabitants used to trade from morning to noon, and the other
part during the remainder of the day ; but a more plausible ex-
planation is, that it was traversed by a river (the Karun) with
a market on either bank of it. 2. \\jz\, inf. 4 of j^c. 3. 5
198 ASSEMBLY XXVI.
JAIN 3,1*. IfS^ JlfiH ^
UN J!
l:?
participle 9 of J^ . 4. ^UL^S! tSjUi' = <uUJ^l Z*\J[. 5.
pi. of ujle. 6. ^J^A ,llJ\ ( J-c <\y^\, quotation from Qur'an, xx.
10. 7. ,c^ > comp. of $**, more abundant. Another reading,
which de Sacy follows, is ^.a^, purer. 8. jliil, infin. 4, jl&l,
pi. of^. 9. JlsH, inf. 4 of J^. 10. ^iJ L*b=e r Y-
il^c. 11. c^L^, pi. of <*-!&. 12. .^Jp, name of a town in
Khurasan, celebrated as the birth-place of Firdausl, the "Wazir
Nizamu '1-mulk, and other noted men ; ^jy*\\ , another town in
Khuzistan, built by Sus, son of Sam, son of Nuh (I!Toah). 13. ^J
, etc., u the war of Basus was a less thing than what thou
THE SPOTTED.
199
desirest," allusion to one of the most famous feuds in Arab history,
in which Kulaib "Wa'il of the tribe Eabi'ah, mentioned above,
p. 146, n. 35, was slain. It is called the war of Basus, after the
aunt or great-aunt of two of Kulaib's wives, whose name was al-
Basus, and who instigated Kulaib's brother-in-law, Jassas, to take
revenge for a camel of her neighbour Sa d, which Kulaib had killed,
while it was grazing on his, Kulaib's, pasture ground with the .camels
of Jassas. Tor further details of the manner in which this revenge
was carried out, and of the ensuing war between the tribes of
Taghlib, whose chief was Kulaib's brother Muhalhil, and Bakr, to
which Jessas belonged, see the Commentary to the Hamasah, p. 420.
14. J-ljcJ , inf. 2 of JLc , making excuses, seeking pretexts, " be-
guiling." 15. <LLcl, pi. of ^L^-c.. 16. LJ, what draws off
attention, what diverts. In the editions of Bulaq and Beyrout the
word is preceded by /*U*)1 J>, in (further) stay. 17. t->j^c jf-|1
^.^-Jl , I shall stir up or start (by throwing a pebble), the raven of
separation, i.e. I shall take omen from the direction in which it
flies, good if to the right, bad if to the left. 18. ^^ {J&?,
with the shoes of Hunain, i.e. with a bad bargain, a proverbial
phrase, the most popular explanation of which is, that a shoemaker
of the name of Hunain, incensed against an Arab, with whom he
could not agree about the price of a pair of shoes, threw them on
the road by which he knew the Arab must pass, at some distance
from each other. "When the Arab came up to the first shoe, he
said : how like this is to one of Hunain's shoes ; if the other were
ASSEMBLY XXVI.
with it, I would take them. On meeting the second, he regretted
to have left the other behind, and fastening his camel he went back
to fetch it, whereupon Hunain, who had been hidden near the spot,
mounted the beast and rode off with it, making his victim pay a far
higher price for his shoes than he had originally demanded ( see also
Arab. Prov. i. 461). 19. J\ AJJ ^l^ , God forbid that (lit. refuge
to Allah) an idiom for the explanation of which see Lane, s.v.
20. L-Q l>-\, c-o ll-^\, aor. 4 and 3 of ig L- ; culs*-^, pret. 4
* -
of \s*-j ; <*Li=>- \ , ci-JL) \ , aor. 2 of <*Li J>s>- and ci^-J respectively.
21. i\xc, v.n. of Jk.cj, threat or promise, here the latter. 22. ^1,
c - i i
c-i^i, imper. 4 of +yo and u-P t .^ respectively. 23. ^UsM, etc.,
" Tales of Pleasure after Pain," title of a collection of amusing
stories, ascribed by the most trustworthy authorities to the Qazi
Abu 'All al-Muhsin al-Tanukhi. 24. J^il L, etc., a form of
admiration, instances of which have occurred before. Instead of
clLl>- Jybl I* , how fearful are thy wiles, Chenery follows the
reading (<J*=>^) of some MSS. and translates, ' how various are
thy wiles. 25. J cW^J ^> e ^c., I had not the sprout or the
split of a date-stone," a proverbial expression for extreme poverty.
26. L^J3l, pret. 8 of ^J. 27. Uii
THE SPOTTED. 201
t V- 34 . ji t c- 33 gi i
u^ t^^Jssr <)^^ **-r^~
39 , 38
<..
^-*" 9
easiness of market (meaning for his poetry and scholarship). 28.
J-L^J \, etc., or would wait for me till competence, allusion to
Qur'an, ii. 280. 29. ^WC*-1 , infin. 8 of (1 ^s=^ t originally drawing
a thing to oneself with a hooked stick, here appropriating. 30.
CjLj, pi. of A'jL-^j, meltings, ingots. 31. *5]/T, pi. of
a criminal offence, opposed to the following AJUi*, pi. of
here an oppression, a civil wrong, judged by the Qazi. 32. *Ua^,
fern, of loJJj^ , spotted, i.e. a composition whose letters were alternately
pointed and unpointed. 33. cJLAj, aor. pass. 4 of vJU! , it is abided,
' M it \ 'z*!
for people find an abode. 84. i a^, pi. of ajbcT. 35. J^J \j , aor.
8 of <_-)\. 36. uU&9 : = Xf \A , continence, self-restraint. 37. (jj-^
* i
< >j) , spreads to east and west. 38. L_^JJ , here versed in affairs,
versatile. Metre i^Lir^, 1st ^e^, 1st < >J-tf, as p. 78, n. 50.
39. JL**, agent 4 of J!j is, according to some commentators =
202
ASSEMBLY XXVI.
L:&- c-?yj-i)j ujLLj U rfHJ 4
r 4
JJ
\j\ j^ J JU J^
'
JlJl ci, surpassing in generosity, according to others =
conquering his enemies. 40. L_oiL* u_aLs'*, replacing (by forays on
his enemies the wealth he is] consuming (in largesses to his friends].
41. /Ji'U-* , here pi. of *-aJ| strings of pearls, chaplets (of honour
and praise), said to form themselves spontaneously (u_cij U , 8 of
u-iJ^), without effort on the part of his eulogists, since his ex-
cellencies are so numerous. 42. uji^J , aor. of ^jj . 43.
O *
c-J-jxjsT, aor. pass. 8 of i^^s^ and <-r^r*- respectively. 44.
<LU <L_ ^ , he whom his company gathers to itself, or who joins his
Ml .
company, as u-iJ may be taken as a nominative (de Sacy) or an
accusative (Beyrout edition). 45. <U UU^ = <ui ll>-. Metre
^
1st jjfij/ft, 2nd <r-^ as P- 172 > n - 28 - 46 - ^UJ =
9 *
47. -.f^* 3 , gentle of disposition. 48. ufl3 for oL' , infin. 6 of
mending, making good ( when his friend slips"). 49. ^JJ , aor.
pass. 8 of Jle. 50. ^b, aor. of Jj, here confines, " keeps close."
THE SPOTTED.
203
56
^ *j _>
*? i
I_> tLJ LJ
.
^aJ
*J
61
. 58
*\1 59
**H? (
, * 60
51.
succour.
52.
jlsj-, the restorer of the palsied." 53. ^^p', v.n. of ^Jb
= Jkfc. 54. .Jr!- 3 ^ (future of (Jj), him who will rule (after
him). 55. _lj^ j_fc> J\ (pass, of J^ and ^b respectively), when he
is moved (to kindness) or proved (in deed). 56. lf& (pi. of olc)
= C ,^JJL;, suppliants. 57. i>- ^ (pret. of ^i>- in the sense of
a precative), here may he never cease to be," governing, like ^1^,
the accusative of the predicate. Metre jz?j, 2nd ^j^c, as p. 103,
n. 17. 58. ^ % .!, imp. of L^Jb, "may there prosper" (to which
lj^j is object, jy and CL?^J subject). Similarly in the clause
p
following, S-V is object and CJ^i subject to *^J, 3 of ^ =s (jht^*
jj
Instead of <-r>r-J , pi. of <LjtiJ , pious offerings," which is the reading
?.
of de Sacy and my MS., the two native editions have ^^J> nearness,
proximity. In <U. C->j^c, the help or assistance (granted) to his
thrall, the designation of thrall refers to Abu Zaid, whose condition,
accomplishments, and wants are described in the subsequent sen-
tences. 59. e-^^J = AJ! lc LsUj. 60.
204 ASSEMBLY XXVI. THE SPOTTED.
62
JJb jU JJ -5 JJ15 J^rtf fc c
tl
f 9 f
61. <-r-J, pl- ^ <) h'-'' 62 - J-^b ^ /**- 9 ^i then Quss would
there (in that place) be Baqil (see p. 3, n. 26, and p. 122, n. 33).
o ' " ^
63. Li-^x.:,^J , pass, of *i^J . 64. 4 .5, 1. averting, turning off, staying ;
2. hand. 65. L^L>- ^, comp. note 57 above. 66. dJTjj *5l->, him who
watches his lightning, i.e. who hopes for his bounty, as people hope
for rain from the flash of a cloud. 67. /*J^> eternal without be-
ginning; o"-^, eternal without end. 68. l^JJ (pi. of jJjJ), its
pearls, the pronoun referring to the address. 69. IAJ &\ je\ =
<)u dj*\ . 70. ^-i^-aLsr&l = LaJUi- ^1*-, he made me his intimate,
"appropriated me." 71. yl* (v.n. 3 of &), boast of the number
of attendants and possessions, " ostentation." 72. -*a-J! = ( ^ > t
*-***jJ\ -J^ CL>^LlJ1 . The expression occurs in Qur'an, xii. 42.
^^ *
73. c: & \i\~i , 5 of u-olaJ, here "i contrived." 74.
ASSEMBLY XXVII. OF THE TENT-DWELLERS.
205
U
U aLSui 4
^/JLJ utXsr ij i
4 of ^ \5>- and
on account of
77.
ja^ respectively, here to be read as subjunctives
75. vijkj, ''by thy Truth." 76. J^., aor. of
, cool of eye, idiom for glad, rejoicing.
ASSEMBLY XXVII. CALLED "OE THE TENT-DWELLERS."
1. ,y^*j 4J^-^> "and *JuU, the beginning (prime) of my time
(life); it is also lightened (i.e. written without tashdid] into ^J^ , ."
This and the following notes included in inverted commas are again
translated or condensed from Hariri's own commentary to this As-
sembly. 2. Jj is explained by the Arabic lexicographers as that
which in the camel corresponds to the wool of the sheep. Hence
^j^Jl Jjfct, people of the camel-hair, i.e. dwelling in hair-tents,
is opposed to jX*l! J&\, people of the mortar, i.e. dwelling within
cemented walls, and is equivalent to iU)^ Sj\*asf\ Jj^, people of
settled habitation (in villages and towns), and of the desert (leading
a nomadic life), which has occurred in Assembly XVIII. p. 132, n. 7.
206 ASSEMBLY XXVII.
l Jl ^^-^^ \j)-z ufi\ <4 s-y^ ^
* \
3. Je>-^, etc., that I might take the bent of their forbidding
souls (i e. their souls that recoil from meanness and villany),
for 'that I might follow them in their ways.' " 4. -^*J\ ^'.xxuJi
(pi. of >UuJ), their Arabic tongues, their idioms of purest Arabic.
5. <LJpk, etc. <L*tsr\ is about a hundred of camels, and <LjJj\
a flock of sheep, dL*_c!J!, the braying standing for the former,
JLcttH, the bleating, for the latter, as in the saying, he has neither
a braying nor a bleating one, i.e. neither camel nor sheep." 6.
uj!&^j pi. of k_ &,, lit. one who rides behind another on the same
beast, hence concomitants of or next in rank to ( such as replace
kings in their absence"). 7. J\^ *^> sons of speeches, ' men of
eloquence ; a great orator is called son of speeches." 8. ,JLc ^^-Li ,
etc., they blunted from me (i.e. in my protection) the edge of every
tooth, for they guarded me from every injury or oppression. 9.
> % .-,- JlJLtf c^Ji ^, no arrow struck my smooth rock, for no slander
was allowed to assail my fair fame. 10. l^lfi .jLc lf)u *La-5^, the
throwing her halter over her neck, for letting her stray at will.
1 1 . C^tjJcXJ , etc. " The meaning of this 5th form of Jj is to leap
upon the back of the horse, and .Lisr OT j+*afe? signifies swift-
paced, from -a*. , running with a high step." 12. ^bJ , what is
supple and pliable, here a lance. 13. <j$j^\ t etc. "\f*\t 8 ^
OF THE TENT-DWELLERS.
14
207
S\
, means travelling from place to place ; *U%"* S is a spot grown
over with trees, *\ Sj~+ one deprived of vegetation. Hence J^ ,
hairless in the face, beardless." 14. J-*J- , he (the Muezzin)
called out JjLdS! .J^ i^*- > hither to prayer, etc., 'the infinitive
being <d*^.>- , similar to <LLLij& , saying there is no god but God
, etc.) ; L!(XX>-, saying praise belongs to God GUu Jw^sJ\) ;
-, saying there is no power or strength but in God (Jjp- ^,
etc.); <L1/*JJ, saying in the name of God (JUu! /-ij) ; ^L-^Ua>. ,
saying God is our suflS.ciency (<LXJ! l.i.^.^l.a*.) ; <UuscV i, saying
adoration be God's (dJu) ^Irs^^s) ; iuiJu>-, saying may I be made
thy ransom (d/^jJ L^idf-)." 15. ^Jus ^^ AsT )I, its (my toil's)
gang to the water found no return, for did not obtain its object,"
as animals return not from the water until they have quenched
M / 1
their thirst. 16. *g*i &JL& L^-OU-, the time of the little blind
one's stroke or knock had come, a highly idiomatical phrase, meaning
the noonday heat had waxed blinding." Of the various ex-
planations given for it, the most probable is, that by **+& , diminutive
of ,<^i , blind, the gazelle is meant, which, dazzled by the heat,
butts at or knocks against anything near it. In poetry .J*> pi-
of ^y*^ , is said instead of /V^c, either with the same reference
to the gazelle, or to blinded men who knock the ground with their
stick in order to grope their way. It should be mentioned that
according to some lexicographers /V* itself means the heat of
208 ASSEMBLY XXVII.
^J cJLL: j
Ji i^ 21 ^
Jt c^>3 ^ ^ *, 22 ,>J u
noontide, blind standing for blinding, which would be a remarkable
instance of the effect serving to indicate the cause. Lastly, the
"?
word *L<? alone, without any further determinative, is used for
fierceness of heat. 17. jj^c, a great poet of the Bedouin Arabs
whose nickname was <&^\\ jJ, given to him by his mistress, ~ *
or <CL*, daughter of Q,ais. 18. ifLlftSI JJs ^ ^y\ , longer than
the shadow of a lance (considered by the Arabs as the longest of
shadows). " A long day is compared with the shadow of a lance,
as a short day with the claw of the Qata bird. A poet says :
' Many a day like the shadow of a lance has been shortened for
us by the blood of the wine-bag and the play on lutes.' ' 19. JL>-1
UUlfuJI _^J (1 y*, hotter than the tears of a bereft mother, "it
is said that the tear of grief is hot and the tear of joy is cool,
whence the prayer, ' may Allah cool his eye,' and the imprecation,
' may Allah heat his eye ' (for may He make him shed tears of joy
or sorrow respectively)." 20. cp^-*-i> , a name for death, "which
like aAs>-j (the Tigris) and dJ^c (Mount 'Arafat) does not take
./ n * *t
the article." 21. j+cJf etc. ri}*?' "^* ^ ^J^> means alighting
for a noonday sleep, as \jnjjf3 , same form of \jj- , means alighting
for a short slumber or rest towards the end of the night, and ^l>^j&
(the first commencement of sunset) is a rare form of the diminutive
of < >/U for the regular t-^fi^." 22. ^\, ^s~\, both 10
of fjj, the former for catching the wind or seeking repose, the
latter only used in the sense of taking rest, ease, etc. 23. *^\~*,
coming from the left and turning the right to the beholder (which
OF THE TENT-DWELLERS. 209
ij** c r- > >
26 I *!?
l.
U
J U O j J!
28
is considered to augur well). 24. -.Lxi, inf. 7 of _.* = i_J
25. ^i-ajy s^eJjtJJ. 26. ls^, Uikiu, agent 8 of
making a waist-band of, i.e. having slung round his waist, and of
* 9 c f "
,jx*0, carrying under the arm. 27. ^sf , y=^7, pi. of s^s? and
.. -**
SjS? respectively, the former the knots (ganglia) of the nerves of
the limbs, the latter those of the intestines, for his external and
internal condition." 28. L^J! tJ-S-J /J > he did not say " hold ! "
i.e. he did not check my curiosity, without demure." 29. ^L^J,
the innermost state. Metre i-o <?- as p. 78, n. 50, with the
occasional change of the last foot, mentioned p. 112, n. 42. 30.
ftrtjjd may be read as nominative (de Sacy) or accusative (Beyrout
edition, said to be found in Hariri's original MS.), in which latter
form it corresponds to the telki LcUs of the Arabian Nights, and in
either case it is a polite mode of introducing the answer to a question
or the compliance with a request. 31. cJ^J* my provision, is to
be read zddtya on account of the metre. 32. SjJjJf-, a leaflet,
14
210 ASSEMBLY XXVII.
'*jtjitf J^\ JjU J ^\J c^U J -U U J
i^U U Jt c^U^J^ ^j JUj ^Ulj ^jj J *4jU Uj a^lili
J U ^^Lc ^^ L> ^ _U> U Jl
39 * / ^ i . , i. V 38 *
scroll, instructive tract. 33. j)j-^ inf. 8 of Jj. The * attached
to it is here no longer the feminine termination, but as in
and SjU-^Ja^ below, the pronoun of the 3rd person. 34. ^:
** .. ( ** \ \ ' i
agent fern. 7 of ip- = iA-.*j (ajysx*). 35. i'jKsw = ^.tj^i ..JLj
u-JJUl 4 f*V 3G - jW^ = j^i inf - 4 of j=^- 37 - ^ ^i
etc., for some purpose or end in view Qusair mutilated his nose,
namely to gain the confidence of Zabba, the murderess of his master
Jazlmah, the leper (see p. 182, n. 11), under the pretence that it
had been done by the latter's nephew, who suspected him of
connivance with her, and thus to find an opportunity of avenging
his master's death. Abu Zaid means to say that his interlocutor
must have a powerful motive to brave the dangers of the desert
alone and in the heat of the noonday sun. 38. f-j, breeze, here
side or presence. 39. ^Lo , pi. of Z-t-J > v - n ' 2 of ^J .
OF THE TENT-DWELLERS.
211
N IJ JJL)\, JUJ1
40. <*L~y>-^ {r^i thy own son, _-J being either pi. of <Ls-U, the
court-yard or interior of the house, or synonymous with J> J , penis.
41. Li^3 Jj&, is it (agreeable) to thee, hast thou a mind. 42. js^Jb,
pi. of the preceding ifjj-Uh. 43.^.^-1) uf^&i the two months of
the thirst-stricken cattle, for the two hottest months of summer,"
as we would say, "the dog-days." 44. u>Ju3'^, 8 of (J-Sj, I leant
on my elbow (<jLi^*). 45. 6Jhdu*.Ul jj^ <j, the tongues were
tied up, i.e. had become silent. 46. &bU <^J, a night as that
of Nabighah, alluding to his verse : I passed a night, as though
one of the spotted snakes had assailed me, the poison of whose fangs
is penetrating." The following ajL^J&j \*)\jb\ t sorrows like that
of Ya qub refers to Jacob's grief for the loss of Joseph. 47. j)\~*\ ,
y&Lal, aor. 4 of ^ and^-j respectively, to be translated, struggling
against, vying in wakefulness with (ace.). 48. *j.3VyWj^sI! =
jj^\ jJ, meaning the break of dawn. 49. >^-^l, aor. of
50. ^A\, infin. 8 of c J. 51. uJj}^^, 10 of uJj,, for which
212 ASSEMBLY XXVII.
J>! UlJ
lg.*>-wj lii <U oJJj ^bj < V 5 ^^^
58- .1.57 c > 56 <- 4 iX c /.. u .
o Is
' -
L ^
' j ftJi Li..*xLr. Oi .^x'JUM.u Juj V-'AU.U .-.Jj* U^' A l^ '
^
comp. n. 6 above. 52. t_J^.laiJ', inf. 2 of k _j / kc=^o. 53. <UJLJ,
what is picked up, a find. 54. i^*oJki t, I lied not (in doing
so and so), for I failed not, I was not slow to. 55. l^LiJ^ ^i-^i,
her milk and her offspring. 56. i*L^x>\ , name of a servant of the
Caliph 'Usman, proverbial amongst the Arabs for his covetousness,
which, according to his own confession, was surpassed only by that
of his equally proverbial sheep. The latter had mounted on his
roof, and on seeing a rainbow, took it for a rope of the plant gait,
jumped at it and broke its neck. 57. L--JCJ^ c-^cxli, subj. 4 and
1 of c-^ocJ, governed by ^\ omitted after the prohibitive (see
Gramm. p. 172). 58. Jo-\, etc., he began to sting (jJ^) and
to hiss (^L^J>), "like a scorpion which at the same time wounds
and emits a plaintive sound as if wounded," for he began to attack
and to complain of being attacked. 59. -^., 8 of ^. 60. yb Ll>,
etc., while he was alternately violent (^j-^-J = <*-^j^ JcxAj) and
meek, playing the lion (A:bJO) and humble. 61. j**&\ JiMf L*J^,
donning the leopard's skin, proverbial for one insolent and bold,
the leopard being the boldest of animals and the least patient of
injury." 62. ^.^jUlb Jw, that I might join the two tanners,
two men said to have gone out to collect the herb 1?JJ> used for
tanning, but who were never heard of since, whence they became
OF THE TENT- DWELLERS. 213
U* JUi JUJl <ui U!
proverbial for one who left home and never returned. 63. (J>\j\ ,
3 of <Jj preceded by the interrogative particle \ . 64. ^J\ , aor.
of J-tfj . ' The folio-wing j_j^p- is a hot wind blowing at night,
opposed to *)+~> , a hot wind blowing in day-time." 65. -ls:u^ ,
inf. 10 of (jl>-j . 66. 4s, v.n. of -^, impudence, effrontery.
67. ^L-uuoJLc, thicket, lion's den. This word and its synonyms
..*.- and ( >lc are used with or without the feminine termination,
W"'
while J-*i and (j*-*^- occur only as masculines." 68. ujyjjl Isrt*,
the escape of the fly, which is protected by its own insignificance
and vileness. 69. ^a^ t , apoc. aor. of .gej , dependent on J in the
preceding clause : if he were not to content himself with a safe
return instead of the booty," an allusion to a line from the Dlwan
of Imru'1-Qais. 70. ^J^J, energetic aor. 4 of J^. 71. \jO\^ t
pret. of L/ A*J>-=J:J. 72. ^oUz*. <Aj c^Lsl, he fled in hot haste,
a proverb in which ^La:*- means either jtxc (running), or accord-
ing to others \s\ja (a fart)." 73. l^^luJ, imp. 5 of *x-j=i_ r ^
IftU*. 74. ( ^ s \&t\ ^&\, one of the two good things (to be
obtained in a campaign), victory and martyrdom (Qur'an, ix. 52).
214 ASSEMBLY XXVII. OF THE TENT-DWELLERS.
U
J^T^ LO U*JJ fcXuxJU /J
-J lil Jl5 X-J
^ U- ^j Ujl
J1 c
75. .j'*^' (J^i-s5i 15^"^ V. w i^ fathah on the final of <J*l>-, for
which see Gramm. p. 199 (113), 1. Metre J^, as p. 71, n. 69.
76. (J.-5** kS-Jii (Ji-JU \J\, I am hasty and thou art tearful, or as we
would say, I am of a choleric temper and thou art of a melancholy dis-
position. " A similar saying is i o\ " 13 u^dj ujiLp c_L-J^j t^al,^ 1)1,
I am ardent and thou art morose, how then could we be friends?"
77. Cl^jJcc. U = L^J U. 78. & with or without tashdtd
79. iVyjj ^-^^ *^ > a P nr ase impossible to render literally.
and ^J*xii^ are diminutives of the relative pronouns .J^\ and
respectively, in analogy with those of the demonstrative pronouns
\j and \ <3 , from which they are derived by addition of the article,
and whose diminutives are llJ and IjJ (see Gramm. p. 150, last para-
graph). As to the meaning of these words in the text opinions differ.
Some say that they are synonymous with calamity (JUblj) ; accord-
ing to others they signify unpleasantness small and great.
ASSEMBLY XXVIII. OF SAMARQAND.
215
ASSEMBLY XXVIII. CALLED "OF SAMAEQAKD."
^ j
1. Jojy~j, name of a celebrated city in Persian Irak. 2. *l*
c__A.JL^, the sap of youth, lit. the water of youth, for its bright-
ness, freshness, and vigour, a word here chosen on account of the
following c 9\j\\ f"k<+, the glimpses of the mirage, which presents
in the desert the deceptive semblance of water. 3. J J ei^JLLx*
i^-VJi-c, I was entitled to use the expression ^^Ls., which is
equivalent to I have in my possession," meaning either with
me" or at home," while J^jJ or (<*-* means only: I have with
me." 4. jii\j , in accordance with tradition, allusion to the saying
of Muhammad, that he who bathes before Friday prayers will have
his sins remitted. 5.
J\ 7 the best of cattle, meaning
ASSEMBLY XXVIII.
a fatted camel (<Ljjo), allusion to another tradition of Muhammad
to the effect that he who joins in Friday's prayer after he has
taken a bath of purification has as it were offered a fatted camel for
sacrifice. 6. .-.llJl JlJ *J^, etc., allusion to Qur'an, ex. 2, "and
thou seest men entering the religion of Allah by troops ; " the fol-
^ i t t '
lowing L?-'ji^ ^jLJ, singly and in pairs, also alludes to the
Qur'an, xxxiv. 45, where, however, instead of Lr>-lj\, the word
^1*, "two by two," is used. 7. *Usj ^^sA^ i^f^J , the being
equal of a person and his shadow, indicating the time shortly after
noon when the latter is of the same length with the former ; this
f
is the time of the $e or mid-day prayer, according to Muhammad's
injunction : "say the J$o , when thy shadow is like thyself." 8. jJ
=S~^\ ,J\. 9. ^.Jlf, inf. 2 of jjJ^^Jt, call to prayer,
which is formed from it in the same way as >L*: is formed from
*-lJ . 10. *^LJ! *JtL^ *)>*<*, called upon for the cutting (i.e.
rescinding) of calamity. 1 1 . j-*2~* , agent 2 of j^a , forming for
restoring to the original form, reviving. 12. /*,* , agent 4 of *f ,
"honouring," is missing, both in my MS. and the editions of Bulaq
and Boyrout, whereby /*^\j yXi*J1 J^^ becomes attribute of God,
but, as de Sacy's reading is no doubt supported by reliable authori-
ties, I follow him unhesitatingly, the meaning of this and the
OF SAMARQAND.
217
*2- J>,
-?
<JLJ!
8
22
j JU11
following clause being that Allah honours and rewards the good,
while he punishes the wicked even to destruction. 13. <0 J\ , pi.
of J-J^, proofs, demonstrations, signs. 14. tSj^U -**.JI, the
black and the red = J^sl^ ^^ J-J^ ^^ c-^*l 1 . 15. j* Wji , pi.
of f*-j, wombs, here womb-connections, consanguinities. 16. Ji1,
V
infin. 4 of J-c*., the doffing of the pilgrim-cloak, which terminates the
ceremonies of the pilgrimage. *\.s>-\, inf. 4 of /*r=>-, the donning
of the said garment ( J^sw). 17. Vj and the two verbs following
next are preterites in a precative sense. 18. (*\J-** as 15*^
'' cattle." 19. U^W ^tto, the exertion of the sound (pi. of
i.e. sound in body, soul, and faith. 20. Jj\ = -,\s>-j.\ . 21.
like Jlc above, pi. of <ULc. 22. J)Hj JU1\ ^La^, "the cutting
off (infin 3 of A^) from pelf and kin." 23. JJL* , patient 8 of
218
ASSEMBLY XXVIII.
II
U
v^
-
Si
^ JU51
l Ul
U!
U!
U!
JU
, what is seen or got sight of. 24. >jL*, a road-mark.
o
25. fr+jAj*?!* u*4-*r. 26 - Mkfl-, infin. 4 of ^'J^, here
" frustrating." 27. ^_^Ji, agent 4 of *-^-, who causes to hear
= ^_^ r k^, "songster" (who delights by his melodies); -*Lj,
who hears, the listener to the 8ong" = c-^L (delighted). 28.
Jj-uu^, clk^, patient of J^-a and cjb respectively. 29. <J^L*1, pi.
of J^ , here serpents, obnoxious vermin, opposed to jL! , lions,
beasts of prey. 30. <L)= JU !J <d>-. 31. JU = <Lic JU
^JilJ. 32. J^, here "bestows a gift" (1*); the following
is pi. of J^, "limbs," or according to others, "joints"
33. Mjjtj pi. of *X>^. 34. aJjl JsJdl, objective case depending on
the elided verb \JAJ\ , fear ye (see Gramm. p. 190). 35. j\*\ pi.
of *\, crimes. 36. i'lo^, pi. of t*^^. 37. <ula^- , the crushing
OF SAMARQAND.
219
U
I? 5 t *~ lb j *
,Mi
l MJ
) w*
Jo I**
,
Ull
)b
Uii
JlS
<>-_,
Jla?
uu
fire of hell (cornp. Qur'an, civ. 4, 5). 38. ^\ , particle of
... <# . .
surely, forsooth. 39. ,* K* = _* , cure. 40. x.*>+5>- 1^1 u&i , an
intricate idiom, in which the pronoun Ifc refers to JLuo-, which
stands in the objective case as apposition to a second lfc correlative
with the first, and supplied by the elided form of admiration
U, " Alack on it, how great it is, a grief," etc. 41.
J*, agent 3 of ^j*, he who experiences it. 42. />*;;
IAJ 'J^jtj , a spotless bride, metaphorically for an address composed
of words without pointed letters. From this it follows that through-
out it the feminine termination a is to be read as X, as in classical
Arabic it is done in pause, and in the popular dialect, when no
word beginning with the article follows it. 43. ^jW <J>jtlcJ^,
allusion to Qur'an, Ixii. 10, " And when the prayer is ended then
220 ASSEMBLY XXVIII. OF SAMARQAND.
* ^-o- *
46 <U JUj ^35)! fU
jl U
JlS Ij =^t ^^ -LiU
1 * ^
50 1 |
yj L_
52 1 . T it . 51
1 JO A! i jju--JU U4J1 (_CtJu> U^J itMuJi eLtf.j y__^a-..'
^y V 4 * ^rS ^>yv v C
> | <* * <* \*-
S3 i,b,
55 1
TfV*
disperse yourselves on tlie earth." 44. ^J^ t 4 of j&&~, he ex-
ceeded in courtesy (fru^*, for which compare p. 189, n. 57).
45. j^5Lx>-, irregular pi. of JcJ2?lri-, particulars. 46. <t, hush!
be still! hold thy tongue (see p. 187, n. 44). 47. (jwM, pi. of
l^UJl, men, here = XjJLs.) * , kinsfolk. 48. LlC^j kiLJl^, the
place where thy head fell (at thy birth). 49. ^l) = jJc . Metre
O / i rtJ **-* ^^
/ _^.***^^ , 1 st ijo*jZ , ^nd c-^-o : - - >- - - ^ ^ ,
- >-/ | **> - -- twice. 50. \j\ J for .' J by metrical
licence. 61. iU>, imperative 3 of j^,J, treat courteously, cajole,
"humour," of which the following i,!j is preterite for UM^I ^ ne
final again being changed on account of the metre. 52. 1,1 J here
= JkJ (age) or J^>- (year). 53. 1,1 J, pi. of ^,lj, halo of the
moon. 54. LJs^l 1 .^.c , morning and evening (or night and day)
of life. 55. (jtj*j 1,1 J, the Persian kings Chosroes and Darius.
ASSEMBLY XXIX. OF WASIT.
221
57
.+J
t t/\\ 56 1 t M -I II"
> TJ U*^' UJjjXCl Ub J\J
58
61
dUU>- .
56. L,^1 (8 of j^O = ^^ UtJ^JJ. 57. ^^^Jtll ^tf-^j an
oath, whicli allows of no mental reservation, exception, or pre-
varication. 58. J ; .ri 'i , name of a celebrated devotee in the days
of Harun al-Eashid. 59. v/jls^, pi. of s\^s^ } turpitudes. 60.
jufc-JiXJ, infin. 2 of /*Jj, concealing the blemish of an object
for sale from the eyes of a purchaser, here concealment of vice.
61. .JJ^sM old wine.
ASSEMBLY XXIX. CALLED "OF WASIT."
Jl
JlS
^ LJL lj
1 . ]a*\ , name of a town traversed by the Tigris, and thus called
from a castle built in it midway (wdsit] between Basrah and Kufah.
2. mJJ| J^- 5 ^ i etc -> two graphic and proverbial similes for feeling
lonely and out of one's element ; <L*J is the hair falling down to
222
ASSEMBLY XXIX.
U U. Jl
.....o
the shoulders ; if reaching just below the lobe of the ear, it is
called jummah, and if in length between the two, farwah, which
latter word occurs in some MSS. instead of limmah. 3. ^/*il3\ &
(apoc. aor. of (JMJU ) = J \\ J , I paid not dear, or according to
others = ^JjU?^ J, I stinted not. Some MSS. read (jiJlj\ J, I
was not close in my reckoning. 4. ^^> ^-^^ > a compound noun,
imperfectly declined and in the objective case of JU- , for which
see Grarnm. p. 284 (182), 2, and p. 220, 2. The meaning is
L^-JO J^ ci 1) , house to house, or room to room, as we would
f .. . ^_j .. . '
say "next door" (neighbour). 5. Joo ^, etc., may thy luck not
sit down, i.e. decline, " set," nor thy adversary stand, i.e. " keep
on foot." 6. L5,"V^ *%"fl )^> ^ e full-moon faced, whose further
description in the following lines will be easily understood, from its
application to a cake or loaf of bread. 7. ^a^s and the following
verbs as far as *kJ are passives, which scarcely want explanation ;
.$-> (r f F r S h e was imprisoned and set free, referring to the corn
put into the mill and taken out from it; *ks^ ^J*" 3 ) ^ e was suckled
(made to drink) and weaned, referring to the water mixed with the
flour to make it into dough, and kept from it when it was being
kneaded. 8. J^ t imp. 3 of ^--JJ = ^Uj J jb . 9.
OF WASIT.
223
JU ^l J
> Ijl ^-J
J J^
sf^ J! ^
lly! J
14 ^5LiJ
16
, the pregnant that impregnates, meaning flint and steel,
neither of which produces by itself the spark, hut requires the
co-operation, of the other, so that hoth attributes apply to either
of them. The following antithetical expressions and metaphors,
as referring to the flint- stone and the spark are self-evident, and
their translation will offer but little difficulty to the intelligent
student. lO.jjlgl! <ULJL>, the throat-bag of the roaring (camel),
for which see p. 10, n. 22. 11. dULc, a calamity or mischief,
here a tight knot, a hard puzzle. 12. Jyoj, pi. of J.*aJ or dJ^U,
superfluities may be translated in this context by "idle fancies."
13. L^jjliLe, pi. of c^>jJU , a fabulous being of the Jinn tribe,
well-known in its popular form to the readers of the Arabian Nights,
from the tale of the Fisherman and the Jinni, akin to the goblin
of our fairy tales. Originally the word means "one who excels,"
and may, according to some lexicographical authorities, apply to
Jinn, men, and devils. 14. JuLz.3, pi. of x*a J , a J-jti (agent)
\ ^ **.
m the sense of J^_*jL* (patient) = A._=..X_, (lit. piled up, here
placed in rows"). 15. pUjj^ is explained in de Sacy's com-
mentary by J'jp^ tXJo cy>-p), returning after going, i.e. "on
his homeward way;" Sherishi renders it by /y^c, evening. 16.
+\tu&\ 'ij\^', the stones of flint, an instance of
224 ASSEMBLY XXIX.
>NJ J->N
llj ^jl U JlS IS U
annexation of genus and species, for flint-stones (i.e. the
place in the market were flint-stones were sold). 17. c^->XLej,
etc., and I knew, without asking, that this was a trick of the
Saruji. 18. i/ui^-J Jjb, whether it (.g^ % --Q had hit the mark
^*^^ ^S> see Q ur '"a n xii - 18 - 20 - ^ ^
, upon which of thy two descriptions didst thou
hasten away, for "which of the two was thy state when thou didst
leave home" (didst thou do so of free will or from necessity, wast
thou rich or poor)? 21. ^joJa\ t that for which a compensation is
returned, a loan; ^jOjSil\, that which requires no compensation or
return, a gift. 22. ^.^J <L-AJ>\ ^+ = J^..9 <LL <-r > r^ /./* j the
9 9 w 9
following ^r-J is pi. of &*^J, opportunities. 23. Jji, a ring of
iron or leather round a captive's neck, metaphorically for a shrew ;
9 9 ** 9
Jj, scarceness for poverty. 24. Jj ^ J*p, Zull, son of Zull,
a proverbial expression for an obscure son of an obscure father,
" Nobody, son of Nobody." 25. djS\j ^ J ^>\ , who will throw
OF WASIT.
225
M jail
<LJ\JJ
i\
Ui
L ^J! lJ j& J!
OLj ^*. ^J^oO' J
33
I
"i v i gj i
IULf2^ JU A-J
31
out hints about thee (exalting thy worth and position) and to thee
(showing what is to thy advantage). 26. iJJ^J-c? ul5o J-jJi,
proxy in and on thy behalf, i.e. securing thy interests, and standing
security for the fulfilment of thy engagements. 27. *JbJ^ ^ +*Jt>\Jj\,
Ibrahim, son of Adham, a celebrated ascetic of Khurasan, proverbial
for abstemiousness and disinterestedness ; +\ ^ ^^^j-, Jabalah,
son of Aiham, the last king of Ghassan, equally proverbial for
generosity and liberality ; as the former would ask for a small dowry,
the latter accord a large one, the following 3! , but, means " neither
less nor more." 28. <Ls=7 J ^, pi. of -.Uo, dowries. 29.
Isr-*, aor. pass. 3 of i^^b and 4 of Ls respectively. 30.
(8 of j& j) = Jj^j^^ i^jLszLA . 31. L. ~*s>- ^^J L^b ( .^, he
who is sharp-witted for the benefit of him whom he loves. 32.
(5 of JA) =d\ *-\ Jl^.. 33. c-jlxcl, inf. 4
of u^
k^eJ
relenting (the
34.
respectively.
35. jj
in it being that of
, pass. 2 and 4 of J^ and
jJJ ^tt , as though it were, had
15
226 * ASSEMBLY XXIX.
A. - ^ ^S_ \AAAr I % *& t^S
r
Uls
*-ic JA^U JJblH
4 u
38 I A 'T* g,
*JJ J^Jl Jl5j
M
* -ab n4 <>--j
US
come to pass, for the thing is all but settled." 36. i^*- for
Pers. u^, tray or table. 37. t/*|jrJ) 4 ^r"^^ *-^ > P u ^ the axe
to the head (of the block), a popular proverb for set to work and go
through with it. 38. laAxil , pret. 8 of kJ , he broke loose. 39. jlf^ ,
carpet, here the earth. To this and the following clauses compare
Qur'an, Ixxviii. 6; xvi. 15; Ixxxviii. 20. 40. tjjl*\, pi. of
clXL*, for the more usual CJ^L*. 41. /^, heaped up clouds,
for which see Qur'an, xxiv. 43. 42. *^1, which is explained by
the commentators as ajlsJl^-ii, sighing frequently, or c_-JJiH (j-*?j>
tender-hearted, refers to Abraham, and is taken from Qur'an, ix. 115.
OF WASIT.
227
j
ji u
*Bl 45
46
44 -,
jv, o^ 46 JT j_j u
UJ1
43. cjL?= Jjl*. 44. JJajc^, etc., abolisher of the rites of "Wadd
and Suwa/, two idols of the people of Nuh (Noah), worshipped in
the times of ignorance, the former by the tribe Kalb, the latter by
Hamazan, and mentioned in Qur'an, Ixxi. 22. De Sacy and the
Beyrout edition spell Wudd, but my MS. follows the Qur'an in
reading "Wadd. 45. (j*tj, pret. 3 in a precative sense = ,J^ ^^
46. J I here = t>^-s , semblance of water, while strictly speaking
it means the optical illusion at the beginning or end of the day,
called Fata Morgana, which makes objects appear above their actual
f
place. 47. ^, imp. pi. of ^tj with pronominal suffix referring to
J?ii ; the following LLs is imp. of Ju^j , in the sense of show
{ {
affection to." 48. *r, pi. of ^.J^, here equivalent with
49. lL&, agent 4 of ulXi^*, used adverbially = <UuiJ
X it w i** ^* \
f*~jj or ufcul \^>-^y^^. 50. iL^L-j li, surname of Hind, the
daughter of Abu TJmaiyah bin al-Mughairah, whom Muhammad
228 ASSEMBLY XXIX.
ujJ^ a^JLsi. ,.^ c jj ULi
J J li j ^
d?^ IfJlC 4LeUs!l JlJl LsJLJU UjC^ 55 *Jofl ^JU^ Ulftl U
U <L)Jly aJjli^JJ ;.rr $ >
UU US
married before the battle of Badr in the second year of the Hi] rah
w i I O
51. <tr"L = iLfcux*. 52. *9j, pass. = c. -^ " 53. /As.^
i I
void of diacritical punctuation (comp. p. 219, n. 42). 54.
( j^^\^ ) with concord and sons, the preposition c > depending on
an elliptical ' may the union be (blessed) with," etc. The pre-
ceding ^ is missing in de Sacy, but contained in the two native
^^
editions and in my MS. 55. jo! , a thing to be remembered for
** '
ever O^Ji). 56. \js^*> t-ffo ( aor - ^ ^ tJ^) = >^i (the C ) is
by some grammarians declared to be pleonastic). 57. ?^V e^ ^*'
etc. The subject of ^ is "the time elapsing until (,c2^-)," and
(^
the construction is reversed (t-->l&J! ,<i-c) meaning the meeting
of the eyelids was not quicker than that time," instead of ' that
time was not quicker than the meeting of the eyelids." The falling
of the people prone upon their faces (lit. their chins) is taken from
the Qur'an, xvii. 103, 109. 58. <U>U- ji* jls^K, like trunks
of a rotten date-tree (see Qur'an, Ixix. 7). 59. .^j^, pi- of &.j*i
thrown to the ground, floored. 60. ^-^,^c, pi. of ^jj^> (enormity)
and ^Lc (example to be shunned or warned by) respectively. 61.
i\; t .,.f , diminutives of J*JLC and Ju in the sense of *&&
OF WASIT.
229
63
/>j
1,1 J dA,j-i^ 4
65 .
JJuli
Jli Jiij ^L
c
. LJ ,
U^ U
C^J JA
^ JlJ^
augmentative, 'archfiend," abject slave." 62. ^-i , the Persian
^J from Sanskrit lhangd, the hemp plant (Canabis sativa) from
?
which a strong narcotic and intoxicating drug is extracted. 63. Jst>j ,
pi. of y^jl, bright, explains the pronoun in lg*lJ^ as referring to
/
the noun p)^, stars, which is to be understood, an idiom called
by the grammarians ^JL*]^ ^\*~+ j**d^\ %-*0j. 64. L^-J^ JciJ,
etc., allusion to Qur'an, xviii. 73. 65. ^jlc c^Jcc, infection from
his scab. 66. LclxA, inf. of %_-! , used adverbially, distractedly."
67. $fias~>\, LLluO-o^, inf. 10 of J? and \z~> respectively, the
former =^1^1, the latter = t^l^-Jl . 68. J:M, 1. inf. of J^ =
*jUsj- ; 2. = ^^^^0. 69. gr^iiss iXl^ 70. ^ CJu u.J^
^/a-^iiii , " be contented to do without thy shirt," i.e. allow me to
strip thee. 71.
230 ASSEMBLY XXIX.
j J
Jo <uLaJ *J Jlil! <JleLkj
5 L5^*1/
72. ^srdaJ^ , the marsh lands between Wasit and Basrah. 73.
subj. of jj-tf^, that I may match thee (with another fair one), is the
reading of de Sacy and my MS., for which the Bulaq and Beyrout
editions have LL&>*jj!. 74. ^ JJlj , etc., by him whom Allah kept
blessed wherever he might be, refers, according to a marginal gloss
in my MS., to Isa, son of Mary (see Qur an, xix. 32, and compare
with regard to the pronominal suffix in <L1*:>-, note 63 above). 75.
^jjJ}! = ^lixJ . 76. j\j\ , inf. 9 of jjj and (J oLSj\ inf. 7 of
j^-Jj are synonyms of the following yO\Je\ t infin. 4 of \jOj-Z'
77. LJ.U> b, in the objective case, in accordance with Gramm.
p. 119 (113), 1. Metre JJ, as p. 35, n. 80. 78. ^ ^ J
M V~
^^j^r ^j^T ^^ ^ Aix^-tf U-J. 79. ^3, prohib. of
/ ^ ( ^
80. < JJ, pi. of ^_ ij, base coin. 81.
j V, 5 \\
85 V .,
*_ jyi
86 V
ji
OF WA8IT.
231
c *
II ^1 UU Jli
U
uu
f
i Jls
I a I
^ tjlstr. 82. ^c., pi. of >l,, taken from the phrase
\ J \ J \ 'j '
his nose -was pressed to the ground, for Jj, he was abject.
83. Cl&)it}j by poetical license for cJs--J\.J, pi. of CJyj5, a
kind of carpet. 84. cy, aor. pass, of c^. 85. k_Jy ! = iaji ^J
,,#." - .. ((
said ' f tf U AjJl . ^-JC^>- , Allah suffices me as a helper."
232 ASSEMBLY XXX.
ASSEMBLY XXX. CALLED " OF TYRTJS."
J\5
o o .X * i 1 ^ * ^* i * i f* 1 I 9
x5 1 J lJ ClJw3" ULi
li\ UlJ L^ j^J^j l U^^ jLiDt Ute \t> c^
1. j4^uS1 &3t*j name given to Bagdad, because its founder was
Abu Ja'far al-Mansur, the second Abbaside Caliph. 2. j0, the
Arabic name of Tyrus, from which the title of the Assembly is
derived, although the real scene of it is Cairo (Jo*)< For the
probable reason of this see my Introduction to the Maqamah in my
o
complementary second volume of Chenery's Translation. 3. {j**&*t
1. affluence, joint predicament with *!, high station; 2. abasing,
opposed to J(, exalting. 4. L^, pi. of ^g~sl = c- * ^ ^ P .
5. (j^lg, {j^Ufi* pi. of ^Jilc and X&51& respectively. 6. US^f^fr,
12 of ^jC- , to ride a beast without saddle (e^V.y^ n& ked), a rare
instance of a verb of this form used transitively. 7. *WUl ^1,
son of an ostrich, was the name of a horse belonging to Haris bin
'Abbad, and hence is used for a fleet horse in general; according
to others it means "the road" "the sole of the foot"
OF TYRUS.
233
J^r Jlxs U^olj J\ uJ
dL&*)\ ^ ajj^ll!
J Jill -io
J\ *l
3 UU
U^ "SLLC. IS ^Ulb ll
J J\ "
j&
"the leg" (jfl-)j or 'human sweat"
Hariri seems to leave purposely to his readers the choice between
these various interpretations. 8. 6f>-, pi. of t-M smooth and
short-haired. 9. LV^, pi. of L^li. 10. klJLJ =
bridal scatterings. 11. JJ.jsf* = J^ b (
12. JJ^, " coronated," i.e. surrounded with a row of ornamental
knobs like a crown ( J-.Jwl). 13. 4 a .Vr' 1 ^ = J-4-sr* .lj*i, a nappy-
garment or cloth. 14. .g-H^ (pret. of c_^j .) = ^-iXX-i . 15.
jjju^-L^, pi. of ^juu^so^, here " ill-omened objects." 16. i-ffi*,
agent 2 of c- fl-J, an importune beggar (who follows your tracks,
<Li.J). 17. j^)^, from the Persian *jVg;t)| door, one who goes
from door to door, either begging or offering the services of a low
fe
artizan, or from *JjJj^, begging. 18. ^J.w.a.u..^ , one who sings or
recites verses alternately with another. 19. jLsr* , in the jargon
234 ASSEMBLY XXX.
Ui
j>s\
*
) Aj ..
.^ JJ
ffl r )Jl U 4 J^l A
of beggars, a rehearser of the virtues and merits of Muhammad's
^ \ I ^ \**
Companions in the Mosques. 20. j^a^Jl Lc-rsri*, drinking the
a
choking draught, i.e. reluctantly." 21. j ,L*J , pi. of AJ^JiJ,
generally a saddle cushion, here cushions to lean upon. 22.
aor. 2 of u-*^, "he strutted lion-like." Another reading is
with the same meaning. 23. *l*J! -*t is the surname of a woman
from the tribe Namir bin Qasit, so called on account of her beauty,
whose son was Munzir bin Imri '1-Qais, king of Hirah. It is
also a L-^Jil of 'Amir bin Harisah al-Azdi (father of 'Amr, who
emigrated from Yaman after the bursting of the dyke Arim), and
to whom this name was given on account of his generosity, which
was as rain to his people in the times of drought." Hence his
progeny, who reigned in Syria, were called Banu Ma'i '1-Sama.
24. *Uo^, pi. of *~ or ^4c-, the relations on the husband's side.
25. <L*^Cj, by the reverence due to." 26. Jjic, pret. in the
sense of future, after a formula of swearing. 27. Jet, white of
? -^
forehead (horse), and the following J-s^^*, white of extremities,
applied to the day may be translated ' bright of morn, noon, and
9
eve." According to a marginal note in my MS., however, jJ-S"^ Jr^
means auspicious, because the said qualities in a horse are considered
OF TYRUS.
235
31 ^jj^ *a-y *UpJl v^JL,, -te&jj JL*
JLLiSlj ^J^UI^ *IJ Ju^Jl JU p ^JuJ
^jj^ jut jjiicj j^ii jijju
< >l^> JU- ^j
4 V^l? **
*&
UJJ
J!
/
to be of good omen. 28. &&, calamity, beggary" (synonymous
with ^JLxJ). 29. ^*JL<| dual of iL (time), day and night;
^LoJ, dual of ^ (a youth), morning and evening. 30. <ul*j,
noun of unity of ftxJ, a tree with white blossoms and fruits.
31. fc-aJjj^, 8 of LJ&yas Lrjf&jt. 32. Jlji, pi. of J5L; the
phrase is an allusion to Qur'an, xciii. 10. 33. jUul^ *-J^> he
who begs humbly and he who scorns to beg (comp. Qur'an, xxii. 37).
34. io3Jj} } etc., quotation from Qur'an, Ixx. 24, 25. 35. *j!cj
p Sj, i.e. the prayer clX*J ^^i^ (pass. 3 of LL5^), "may a blessing
be bestowed on thee," with which beggars are politely refused, and
from which, on account of its frequent use, the noun d^jJ in the
sense of refusal is derived. 36. ,<^, aor. 4 of jij, of which the
preceding \i. is infinitive. 37. ^J^x:J, subj. 2 of uJ-^3 , that he
236 ASSEMBLY XXX.
38
U ul! t;! J
39
<L*Jj!]lj <u
J-LsJl ^ l^a^d KiN ^ JUj .d.11 ^U jJc ^ 40 &2l
III 41 ^UJ1 1^1 b ly^jJ Aii-, JUJ lfiU
> ^ ^ ^VJ3J! ^1 1 job, l^UJ jSUSj ^
<UJj Ul jjuub-^JtJl -j! L^^iJ (j-u-olJ 'v^iJb LlaJ^Jij l^Lto! ^,, V; L.i
Uil Vi
might secure (for the poor) a share (from the rich) by establishing
the xj or legal alms. As the preacher speaks for the edification
of the begging fraternity, this matter is repeatedly dwelt upon in
the course of his address. 38. <U~^s- ^..c.fL, he lowered his
wing, idiom for j-^'y (comp. Qur'an, xv. 88). 39. ^Juj (proximity)
40. il^\ J^ * Ul, his elected
I -
(pi. of .Jui = .UJST^) of the stone-bench, a number of the companions
of Muhammad, the so-called /1^ k_JuJl (guests of Islam), poor
strangers without friends or place of abode, who took shelter on
a stone-bench, roofed with palm-branches, in the porch of the
Temple of Mecca. In behalf of them Qur'an, xviii. 27, and vi. 52
were revealed. 41. j-AJJl l^J 1 ! l>, etc., quotation from Qur'an,
xlix. 13. 42. _V^L J) Jj ^*&\ f\, Father of the Tramp,
In-slipper, son of Out-goer, a truly appropriate name for one of the
craft, whose qualifications are equally well described in the lines
following. 43. l$lx) <&Uj) = V^TjJ^ 4JL\j* , a fit mate for her
husband. 44. ^-*J! ^^ LS j u** > Spitfire, daughter of the
Sire of the Frowning Lion. 45. < _ flrdJl , uJl^l , infin. 8 and 4
OF TYRUS.
237
UJj JllLl u-
U A/;..; 11 ^ LJfUuJ
>^ <LSJiIJ ^.
respectively of t c, putting on the garb of pertinacity. 46.
( _ jLftJol, 4 of c_c.j, stooping to drudgery, demeaning herself.
47. jjiUsift, 8 of jjlAJ = i_^=^ ^-^, mobility, for which the
Bulaq and Beyrout editions read ^iU^Jl = ^^ ^^ ^ I \\j cLaJ^\
ytlwij falling and rising again, loosing her footing and recovering
it. 48. rjiUfc A^^l^ 1 *, disputatiousness. 49. *2.A^ ^^, etc.,
quotation from Qur'an, ix. 28. 50. ..r^, opposed to UjL\ of note
. fr
24 above, are the relations on the bride's side. 51. 4c*--t == 4iij ,
"array." 52. *\jJff, pi. of ill? ( ^U?) = ^.l^L , cook, table-dresser.
I t " "
53. LZ^A^UJ = CIUjuJ. 54.
one who refuses to join in the game of r**4^, hence a miser, churl,
trouble -feast. 56. cJ 3J^j , etc., allusion to Qur'an, Ixvii. 3. 57.
OA ? .
c: ilJ, ci-^J, pret. in the sense of future from v^j and
respectively (comp. note 26 above). 58. ( ^ =
238
ASSEMBLY XXX.
i '
; tlie following JJUJ = llxi.. 59. L5 -^ , youth, child-
hood ; the following L-<? , east wind, vernal breeze. 60. *./*st , the
reading of most MSS., mine included, for which the two native
editions give m_^llt c^K lend, me thy hearing, and this, minus
the .^i^ > taking the accusative of the noun in the sense of an
imperative, is preferred by Nasif al-Yaziji, in his critical letter to
de Sacy, on account of the rhyme; but the remarks of the authors
of de Sacy' s Second Edition seem decisive in the matter. They
justly observe, that the exigencies of the -^**% are fulfilled by
_^ J rhyming with +-*ZT , and that in words introducing the poetry
no rhyme is needed. 61. y*\ cjuii, I had billowed, for I had
moved to and fro. Metre J-*;, as p. 71, n. 69. 62. J-^uJL-,
name of a spring in Paradise, mentioned in Qur'an, Ixxvi. 18.
63. L&*J-JJ, etc., and her sons and their abodes are stars of
heaven and astral mansions," an instance of the grammatical
artifice J^^ UJiJ or ^^y , which joins two nouns and follows
them up by two joined attributes, leaving it to the discernment
of the hearer, to refer either of them to its proper subject (comp.
239
^JJ^lft3 (j^J^ ^|/C U^MJ L-^U J Ji 4iU
Qur'an, xxyiii. 73). 64. c-s^J (aor. 7 of c
65. ^.Jpo, 7 of ^j = J^o. 66. ^, pi. of , infidels of
Persia and Greece, here applied to the crusaders. 67. l5 = ^Lj.
68. ff^y*, perplexed, complicated, a word occurring in Qur'an, 1. 5.
69. cLx* (for ^cLwu*), pi. of i'lscuu^ = JL*j Jk*j .Jc-s. 70. .*,
pi. of .il , crooked, deviating, hence not reaching its object,
frustrated. 71. ,y*j^ = ,y^ (*^. > the preceding and following
9 " 9 9
la*- being passive of )Jr>-= ,jji. 72. 101^1 = l|^ ^lrs-J ^ j\J .
73. fLJJu?, ' shell," means here the ear, with reference to <&U)I ,,5,
the pearls of his words," a rhetorical figure called i^U^-j^l -sA-i/p' ,
observing the consistency of a simile. 74. ,J**iJ t^PM^ ^ ^> such
as the separation of the lid would be to the eye.
240 ASSEMBLY XXXI.
ASSEMBLY XXXI. CALLED "OF RAMLAH."
^J UU WCU ll!
^iJ! J1 j^ J
1. c-Ac, a thicket, a lion's den (comp. p. 213, n. 67). 2.
pi. of *j, a cloth tied up as a hag to carry provisions, and, when
?
untied, to serve as a tahle-cloth, hence table ; the preceding ^^. ,
* v ^~
inflates, here= J1X>, fills. 3. ^^aj, pi. of ^U-cU| discernments, in-
tellects, which is preferable to the reading ( Jbi = Ljad\ j J . 4.
i.l^Ljl, inf. 10 of ^>- } seeking the best, and, according to Sunnah
practice, a prayer to this effect. 5. <LiL=cUol 10 of [J^>-
\JX^ lu.^ 1 ^- <U*. I asked for an army and help from a heart
firmer than rocks, for ' I gathered resolution" from it. 6. (Jl
4 of Joutf , lit. I ascended, but here = c^p>-y , I travelled in the
direction of, made for. 7. <tl^, the well-known town near the
f .. ?
coast of Palestine. 8. tJTfAJ* / i , the mother of cities, i.e. Mecca,
so called, "because she was the first of towns created by Allah,"
or "because the people of all other towns resort to her." 9.
OF II A ML AH.
241
- ; 16 ^ Jl UU\ J XiitSlj b
J Jl
I Jl t
C/1/jb
8 of ^.Jb. 10. ^pJ:, pi. of <Lfti = JU^.1, "engagements."
11. Awl*, tlie station, or standing-place, a small building in the
Temple of Mecca, said to include the stone on which Abraham stood,
when he built the Ka bah, and which bears his footprint (see
Hughes' Dictionary of Islam, p. 340). 12. %-*:>- ^jO^\ , the land
of gathering, i.e. Muzdalifah, the last station near Mecca, where
the pilgrims assemble for entering the holy city. 13. *+nr*- , a
semicircular wall on the western side of the Ka'bah, a few paces
distant from it, and forming an enclosure called Hijr. Ibn Duraid
says, the people of the Ignorance used to swear by it, and it
o
crushed the perjurer (hence its name from *-k^-, to crush) ; the
following *Ua., lit. anything dry and crumbling, here the perishable
goods of the world. 14. ^fo\ and the following three infinitives
denote various modes of travelling on camels, for which see the
Dictionary under their respective roots (. _ 'Wcl under c_ib^, this
fourth form of which occurs in the Qur'an, xcv. 6). 15. \+s*,
etc., the hands (fore-feet) of our beasts had presented us with
a precious gift, i.e. their legs had done us rare service." 16.
a
^^s 5 "-, a station on the Pilgrimage, between Medinah and Mecca,
i ~ O
where the pilgrims from Syria assemble. 17. c>Lifc, pi. of ^ ib f
16
242 ASSEMBLY XXXI.
UI ! j JjJl V. s
U j&
' 15 A^ tjJk ,>
_ 23
JJ Jc
icUUl^^j 88 ^! tl^' J^> 4
^JJly cy)LUJ\ JU^l j%U cylUU
U clfllJl jU^ J tlflliil J^jfo CX-UJJ
JjJu 51, v-jySll J ^UiSJl ^^i-jyllj
18. t-> 15=^ = 4 (^ ' j;- 19 - c/^ fjd the
of the mutual outcry, for which see Qur'an, xl. 34. 20. ^fi-sr^" and
_U:^ lower down, pi. of *U-. 21. ^l^T or ^Kl, pi. of aU^l.
22. g>vi| pi. of ^r ; the preceding ^^i-jl) is a Coranic word (see
xxii. 96). 23. t^ASJ, 4 of ^ jJ> = ^.^U^. 24. J=-^, pi. of
aLL-!j, saddle-beasts, opposed to the following J^jj , beasts of
burden. 4 25. ^Jj^l j*oJ , the tucking up of sleeves. 26. dU
aj^Jl, this edifice, i.e. the Ka'bah. 27. c_^yj, a bucket filled
/.
with water, or, according to others, a large bucket; S-^y^ pi. of
c_^jj. 28. tojfu , <>^-f*J, inf. 2 of ^j^c. and ^c respectively;
the following cLk9\ and cLk^^, are inf. 8 of ^.. ..,.r and
29. u^^=sr, aor. 4 of ^Jo>- = Jwaj ^ -AJJ . 30. ^^^, the shaving
OF RAMLAH. 243
J 31 H!1 tl&liSN ^ 1 Wl ^
i Uusi j ^^
JJI U
cJJ J.-JJ
U- U- .0
-sS^ bjU
IK :u
of the hair, as one of the ceremonies of the pilgrimage. 31.
inf. 2 of j*a* , 1 . the clipping of the hair after the completion of
the pilgrimage ; 2. sluggishness, short-coming. 32. dL^c , without
article and tanwin, Mount 'Arafat; I_JCM, Mount Mina and a
temple on it. 33. (su>, 1. pret. of yL? ; 2. a hill near Mecca to he
visited by the pilgrims. 34. L^t, pi. of >L*1, tanks, here of the
well Zamzam. 35. ^..... + XJ , infin. 2 of jjA*--J , dissimilation.
36. &a\\ , infin. 4 of the preceding ^oli (excels), a rushing down
(allusion to Qur'an, ii. 194, where culi^c ^ is equivalent with
c-ajyo I.** of the text). Compare for this address on the duties
of the pilgrimage Hughes' Dictionary of Islam, pp. 155-9 (article
Hajj). 37. 1>, 1-1, pi. of "Le\ and l^i\ respectively, the latter
meaning high-nosed, here metaphorically for high-peaked." 38.
Jwjxhl, inf. 8 of ~-c=jLsJU. Metre k>.** > , as p. 189, n. 60.
39. -Jj^, pi. of 7-tv>- = <LLsr*. 40. U, here ''as long as,
244
ASSEMBLY XXXI.
41
44
u,
J UlrL
50 J L^.
while," the following u^x-ot being pass, (thou art given), and
V. i i
governing the ace. .JJL (a competence). 41. _.lj^i, inf. 4 of
O 9 #
~S?>~ (lit. an abortion) = ^Uaftj. 42. L:^. ^-jL^Ji u^L>~, it
suffices for the dissemblers as a deception (a bad bargain), i.e.
they are sufficiently punished in that, etc. jVV* > a en * 3 of ^t , ,
is one who shows off before men, a hypocrite. 43. l^ksM, 4 of
flr, they give as a bait or food (<U^). 44. bj-lto for jj-lto, pret.
i '"'
3 of jsP , with change of ^j into ^ by poetical license, as in ls-U,
f
U-U, and Wli below. 45. /V*-i, diminutive of endearment, from
i ~ a
cM. 46. ^-r^/, pi. ^^9, what brings near to God, pious actions
<? * ^
and offerings. 47. Ls>-L=i^ ^r^j = **Tit.j iUi-lJ, i.e. entering
on and coming out from such acts of devotion, or it may simply
be under all conditions and circumstances. 48. <^4^-[, aor. pass, of
o. .. o ^ ..
49. .^1 imp. of .j-^- 5 = (*r^\? u-^vu*sSl. 50. Jo-, here
cloud." 51. ^v^" Uf*^ == A 2 ^ ' j-J^^. 52. ^^3J, aor. pass.
4 of -i**j. 53. . Jt5, announcing a death, here 'bad tidings" ii
OF RAMLAH.
245
general. 54. cj-b. >^y^ ' , aor. 4 of -^^, folds up by degrees.
O *J> ^ ***! tf II
55. ^li , plenty, mickle." JJ, scarcity, mite." 56. \5-lfc, for
.u>, pret. of *A&, witli tlie final fathah prolonged into \ on account
of the metre. For the preceding ^J 1! jlj Ji compare p. 212,
^ 9
n. 60. 57. JU, may be verbal noun meaning barrenness, or pi. of
*JLc, barren. 58. <0 jU (pret. of A~)= ^j^-^ <JW. 59. c!-o ,
showing forth, expounding, is the reading of the native editions
and my MS., and being applied to traditions and religious truths,
seems preferable to d->J, adopted by de Sacy. 60. ,J^-> pi. of
^Jo- = J^l &*. 61. &5jj\, aor. 1, JuuJl, pret. 4 of JuLJ , the
former in the sense of seeking, the latter in that of reciting.
62. c-jlJL^-l , riding behind ; c_;lJLxcl , riding alternately with
another. 63. \ = -J. 64. J etc.
246 ASSEMBLY XXXI. OF RAMLAH.
-i-L^ ^ JUUf ^-
(finger-tips) here meaning the hands, as in Qur'an, viii. 12, it is
used for hands and feet. 65. cLj for ,-c-Lo, agent of -x~j. Metre
*{*- Sr' l> -^ ^
, as p. 94, n. 89. 66. ^ for ^b. 67. AJ^J! ^ J = *Jj! yi
w ?
j-j J-c (marginal note from my MS.). 68. _Sr J = L5 JLtf. 69.
(imp. of j-J^i mend it, lit. tan it), etc , alluding to the
proverb >Jt>^ Jt> ^5 ^l^i, "like tan, when the hide already
swarms with vermin," i.e. when it is too late (see Ar. Prov. ii. 346).
70. (JULJ, aor. pass. 4 of J^-^-J, is cancelled or redeemed. 71.
ASSEMBLY XXXII. OF TA1BAII.
247
ASSEMBLY XXXII. CALLED "OF TAIBAH."
t~k J* 3 ^ ii^ V*^J ?r
1. ,*-J\5 ^ >, shouting labbai-Jca (here I am ready for thy service)
and sprinkling the blood of the sacrifices, which a tradition declares
to be the most meritorious parts of the pilgrimage. 2. <UiL , name
given to Medinah, for which see p. 159, n. 48. 3. <ul,$yj, a tribe
descending from Shaibah, who, according to Sherishi, is identical
with 'Abdu'l-Mutallib, Muhammad's grandfather. 4. U>j $r*' ( ^,
allusion to another reported saying of Muhammad : he who per-
forms the pilgrimage and visits me not, wrongs me." 5. ^cLl , left
defenceless, i.e. unsafe. 6. js>\!*&*, at enmity or war with each
other. 7. '\a ft ; t = j^Sjju t (comp. Qur'an, ix. 46). 8. cS ,Ji-]\
.cjj, was infused (lit. thrown) into my heart (thus called as the
seat of fear, ?JM). 9. L^-%J*Ji-!e^ , pret. 8 of *-+-z = d^,;;.S>l .
10. <UJjJ\j, in the objective case after j, for which see Granim.
248 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
LJ A|^J\J .d- Jo tJ-Ai ^b t U
p. 198. 11. ^J, aor. of ^Jj. 12. ^lil)\ = ^JJ^ J,U\
^jlttx!\ i^-V. . 13. *-fJQ, etc., quotation from Qur'an, Ixx. 43,
where, however, the interpretors differ, as to whether the word
C-^VA) is to be taken for " standard" or " idol." 14. L^-Oc^j^, etc.,
thou hast said what is worth hearing and hast not fallen short in
thy advice. 15. j&tA\ = eLJl J)U c_j.iJl. 16. jS\)i,j&s, pi of
...... .. fc .
*jli, a calamity (which breaks the spine), mischief, and of *jW|
a striking saying in rhymed prose or verse, ' choice rhymes."
o 9
17. MjJL&J\, *l^s^, 'taij^!^, manners of wearing the turban, dressing
and sitting, in the description of which the commentators are by
no means unanimous. I therefore translate somewhat freely : ' He
had donned the turban in approved fashion and gathered his garments
in due style and was sitting with his hands knitted in front of his
knees." 18. ^Uftl f pi. of ..^c, in the sense of great men, grandees,
opposed to the following ibluL\, "medley crowd." 19. Cl^iLoi^ ,
synonymous with the subsequent CjlX^L* , intricate points, diffi-
culties." 20. jJi, etc., allusion to Qur'an, vi. 79, and ii. 29.
OF TAIBAH. 249
21 'b>J! L
LJ JLtt
*. J - ci-
23 o t -c > o x 1 I J. * **f
^oo Vs L&i <u U >
25
^ LlT* ^ U 5*^ *""*
jjli JlS (AS*-
31 ^.l JIS
^j w \u*~r~*j-t i ^;%-w i / *w?ww u yj {S ' *"" * ' ' L/ w *^^ J^** {j~~*" (^
.. 30
I J\J U^Jl ^"^U ^X> ,.t^ 4^^ ^^?T J^
2t. *L^ < -r J j" c > Arabs of pure blood, opposed to J.XZ* or
naturalized Arabs. 22. *l^sj- , fern, of C-^sM, lit. scab-marked,
for "the star-spotted sky." 23. jii cul^ , a proverbial expression
for lies, or any deviation from the truth (jtXSJlj ^crV jlu L).
24. .1^, providing for one's family, here 'food" or a gift, which
enables him to procure such, reward. 25. JjLJLiJ = ^jLs^J. 26.
O I. ^ C 14
wsr^i , the inner state or reality of a matter. 27. ^fc^L^Jl =
j^JL^J^. 28. cJ^Lj, etc., quotation from Qur'an, xv. 94.
o ^
29. al^ ^.JL'Jl, his ablution (before prayer) is invalidated, an
answer contrary to that which might be expected if <dx) Jjk be
taken in its current meaning (the backside of his shoe or sandal),
but is perfectly correct according to Muhammadan law, if JJu be
used in its more recondite sense of tefjij (wife). The same remark
applies to the leading words in the subsequent questions and answers,
as for instance: 30. J^Jl alji, "the cold has caused him to lean
on his side," which would not interfere with the validity of his
ablutions ; but if <^J be taken in the sense of sleep," as in
Qur'an, Ixx. 24, or in the proverb J^Jl <^J1 J^ , the preventive
of feeling cold is sleeping, the ceremony would have to be renewed,
as falling asleep in this position is one of the predicaments which
render the y>j invalid. 31. f^^-\, aor. of *."*", preceded by the
250 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
jLsSK) 4
Jw ]aJu\ *t* Jjfcj Jli ^iJsil^ &>&. Uj t<s
J-adJl)
particle of interrogation. If the noun t^-2^ stands for the two
testicles, this verb admits of the translation : may he touch them
with the hollow of his hand ?" an act which doubtlessly would
annul the ablution. Against expectation, however, the answer
says : " he is invited, though not obliged, to do so," taking the
noun in its second sense of both ears," and the verb in its
ceremonial meaning (Qur'an, v. 8) of ' passing the wetted hand
over them, which, as a sunnah practice in performing the ablution,
, . o .
is highly approved, but not strictly obligatory. 32. <LJJUU L*
jjLJtil^, that which the serpent emits (from his mouth), certainly
not a fit fluid to serve for ablution, which requires to be made
with water of the following seven descriptions : rain-water, water
of the sea, a river, a well, a spring, and of dissolved snow and
hail. The affirmative answer is therefore correct, if the ^U*J be
taken in its secondary sense as pi. of c-^>*J, water-course of a valley
or river. Notice also the play on words in I*, the pronoun, and
*U, the noun. As the student is now possessed of the clue to
these legal puzzles, I shall in the following notes restrict myself
to giving the double meanings of the leading words, No. 1 referring
to the question, No. 2 to the answer, leaving the unravelling of
the riddle to the reader's ingenuity, unless some special further
explanation should be required. 33. fejl&, pi. of t_^c, Arabs.
34. j.*^, 1. the blind (whose water is unlawful, since he cannot
judge by sight of its purity) ; 2. river-bank (to the water of which
o ? .
the answer **) , yes, applies). 35. \^XX3, aor. pass. 8. 36. U
OF TAIBAH.
251
Jls
JIS
Ji 15
JIS
^ar! J15 (j
o 44 J^^ W U JIS (^1 Sj
u*. UN) A-t, JJ^ ^1 jl
JIS
, 1. the water of the seeing, which is chosen with discernment ;
2. the water of the dog, i.e. from which a dog has lapped, and
which has become polluted by the unclean animal. In this and
several of the following passages the answer itself contains a similar
apparent contradiction, as that which exists all through between
question and reply. 37. ?*/>" 4 ' _ *^> ! circumambulation in
the season of spring or amongst spring-vegetation ; 2. the easing of
y
the bowels in a brook or streamlet. 38. J*u, washing of the
whole body or bathing, obligatory after any ceremonial pollution,
and opposed to J*Lc, partial washing or ablution. 39. ,^*\ , pret.
4 of ,c*^, 1. he has lost or ejected sperm; 2. he descended into
Mina, the sacred valley at Mecca. 40. i^Lf-, one ceremonially
unclean who is bound to wash his whole body. 41. x->, 1. fur-
coat (expected answer no) ; 2. scalp (answer given by Abu Zaid,
J^-l, yes, indeed). 42. iLj\ , 1. needle; 2. bone of the elbow
(compare to this the final remark in note 36). 43. teus?*, 1. a
book ; 2. the lines or wrinkles of the face (this question and reply
is omitted in de Sacy, but given by the Bulaq and Beyrout editions).
44. <!U J^-l (4 of Jri-) = <*<y . 45. iffo, 1. axe, hatchet; 2. the
projecting bone of the occiput. 46. t^ljj", 1. wallet; 2. the in-
252 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
15 *xj ^ 4
** u
JLC 5lj 51 JlS^liJl J^ jj^l <d ,> JIS
l S Jli 52 ^Ul ^ j^ a li J15
JlS
AJO J15 L.-KJ1 ^^ lc
terior of a well (this again is omitted in de Sacy). 47. c->L>-, pi.
of **? 48. ^ji^jt pi. of 4-*jH, 1. gardens, meadows; 2. re-
mainder of water in a cistern, on seeing which the tayammum, or
ablution with sand, which is allowable in default of water (Qur'an,
v. 9) becomes invalidated, and must be replaced by the wuzu (see
the article on Tayammum in Hughes' Dictionary of Islam, p. 631).
49. >Jk.c, dung, human excrement in or upon which (some MSS.
read ^&) the prostration for prayer would naturally be objection-
able ; 2. the area or courtyard of a house, to which the following
bj^s is adjective fern., alluding to a tradition, according to which
the Prophet exhorted the believers to keep their courtyards clean.
50. uJ)L>-, 1. a tree, otherwise called uJLJL>, on which pros-
tration is lawful; 2. sleeve. 51. J\Jb\, 1. the hands and feet,
whose touching the ground is essential in prostration ; 2. the edges
of a garment. 52. JL*~ , 1. the left side, on which prostration is
unlawful, as in prayer the face must be turned towards the Qiblah ;
2. pi. of JLlXl, a cloak or upper garment. 53. c y , 1. that which
in cattle corresponds to the pastern of a horse, and which, as part
of a dead animal, would be unclean and unfit to prostrate upon ;
2. a lengthy tract of volcanic ground. 54. c-^Kll ,j~]i, 1. head
OF TAIBAH. 253
JlS (1.
57
j^J Jytf U JlS (^
^li JlS (fleJt jj|j r )JO r )j S'U JL b Ju* JlS
1) JiSU J^. ) U^ JlS J-j
^1 JlS 60 i^ J^U *)U ^'\ JlS
. jis 61 ^^1^)\ ^ j^^s ^ jis (L.JUi ^U
C\ JlS U'U jlyb AJ ^jJl c-jls^l^kdO ^ <G_jL 4
63 w .. t " \ \ 62
J^ *
of the dog; 2. name of mountain-path. 55. IMJU>, agent of
1. a student; 2. a menstruous woman. 56. t-fld-Lx^, uJ^l*, pi.
of u-is*^? and c_c^r^ respectively. 57. ^Ljlc-, 1. the hair of the
pubes; 2. a troop of wild asses. 58. A*, 1. a fast (<^le meaning
"incumbent on him"); 2. excrement dropped from an ostrich.
59. }/>-, 1. puppy f a dg ; 2. small cucumbers or pomegranates
(the following ,<-lSl is the Egyptian bean). 60. .^S , 1. a hernia,
which bodily defect would not invalidate a man's prayer ; 2. the
vessel from which a dog has lapped, and which is considered un-
clean, like the animal itself. *j/*^ is the sacred mountain near
o
Mecca. 61. c*^, 1. any secretion coming from the human belly,
which dropping on the clothes of one who prays, would render
him ceremonially unclean; 2. a pouring cloud. 62. >lj, he leads
in prayer, is an Imam. 63. %-2&, 1. one who wears the veil clS,
i.e. a woman; 2. covered with a helmet, as 5j<^ is one clad in
armour. 64. u_Jj , 1. any object of a pious donation; 2. a bracelet
25 i ASSEMBLY XXXII.
3! ^^ U JlS
J ^XJ JlS <U J^l> J\ "^yiJjMjJ
JIJ 72 ^1 AJ^Sl ^U JU ( Jc^j J ^yu.J JJLJI^T 4
of ivory or tortoise-shell, implying again that a woman is unfit
for the office of Imam. 65. *Xsr, 1. the thigh (the exposure of
which would invalidate the prayer of the Imam and his followers) ;
2. blood-relations, kindred, in which signification some lexico-
graphers prefer the reading jJr 3 . 66. >L>b , l.= i':,b above,
i.e. exposed, visible; 2. inhabitants of the desert (jJo). 67. $
*^-i, 1. a bull without horns; 2. a lord or prince without a spear.
68. j&i, shortening, applied to prayers, means the omission of two
rak ahs in a prayer in which four are prescribed. 69. jJbluJl i'^L?,
1. the prayer of the witness, which may be shortened in case of
need ; 2. the prayer of sunset, so named because it coincides with
the ri'sing of the stars which are named Aa>L> . 70. ,^jJt*, 1. one
who has a valid excuse, dispensation or immunity ; 2. one circum-
cised, who is bound to keep the fast of Ramazan strictly, after he
has reached puberty. 71. ^jj^\ , 1. he who brings home a bride;
2. a traveller who takes a short rest at the end of night. 72. i'l & ,
OF TAIBAII.
255
JlS
U
74
JU lll
U Jls
^U J15
15
81
JU (
pi. of i/i^Bf agent of L^C , 1. naked, as the following Hj is pi. of
J^; 2. patient of ^c, seized by an ague (*^/0- 73. -^ , pret.
4 of 7^0, 1. he has entered on the morning; 2. he has procured
^*"~ ^
light with a lamp (_.U*3*). 74. il^l , 1. adverbial ace. at night,
when the believer is allowed to take his meal in Ramazan ; 2. ace.
of JJJ , which means, according to Ibn Duraid, the young of a
bustard, while others state that it is the young of the partridge, and
that the young of the bustard is called A>fJ
75.
judgment (for having broken the fast). 76. *lJ , fern, of
1. a name of the sun which must have set before the fast may be
broken; 2. a fair woman, i.e. the faster's wife. 77. J^l jbo-jl,
1. he has provoked vomiting (by taking an emetic which would not
be considered as breaking the fast) ; 2. he has provoked anger,
which of course does not interfere with a man's fasting at all.
78. Al^ J.s^\ IJ*), by Him who has permitted the chase, i.e. by
i
Allah, in allusion to Qur'an. v. 3. 79. -Ul, inf. 4 of 2 = <UjL.
o , 1. cook; 2. a hot fever, which would be sufficient excuse
80.
for breakin the fast. 81.
*
, 1. she laughed; 2. she was
menstruous (comp. Qur'an, xi. 74, where, however, Baidawl and
256 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
U (jU ^>- cjjlij C LJ! ^jjil!) c^ y ^ \j\ +*j JU
other commentators take the verb in its usual sense). 82. J>j
small-pox. 83. *?, 1. a fellow-wife; 2. the root of the thumb
or the nipple. 84. L^*, 1. lamps for which no !: or legal
alms is due (for the singular after <Ljl* see Gramm. p. 160);
2. camels that come in the morning to the dj^, or place for
kneeling down to receive their burdens. 85. ^^- , dual of
a mature she-camel, so called because she is deemed fit
i
for the stallion or for carrying loads. 86. y>~usL jJLs. , 1. pi. of
O CO
-s\>-, ten daggers; 2. pi of ^2V>- or .^ct>., ten she-camels rich
in milk (for j>-U>- with final fathah comp. Gramm. p. 102, 8, and
p. 158). 87. ,5^^, 1. a slanderer or informer; 2. collector of
the legal alms. 88. <U-^>-, fern, of ++*>*, 1. a relative or friend;
2. the choicest part of one's property. 89. fLL*,-^, pi. of J*l<
90. j\j$i pi- of jj), 1. sin, crime; 2. arms, weapons, as in Qur'an,
* *" ? i
xlvii. 5, the following c?r^ being pi. of c/j^> a warrior for the
faith. 91. jtifi&l, inf. 8 of .^c, 1. performing the lesser pilgrimage
, for which see Hughes' Dictionary of Islam, p. 655 ; 2. putting
OF* TA1BAH.
257
J15 r ,l J M *,ty J^i ^U JlS (
U JlS (jUjJl Iffjtf *i <uUJ!
U
iJb Jwa.': t JlJ
j **;
. J15
4 Jyo Ui JU (Jillb ^
c^^^ jis
ULN) ^l
3 J15 98 c
on a turban (*,U^c), which would be as unlawful for a pilgrim as
inf. 8 of r*>- , putting on a veil or woman's head-gear
92. pis--', 1. a brave man, hero; 2. a snake or serpent.
93. *;t*j, 1. a female player on the ,Lj^, a flute or pipe, for
whose murder the sacrifice of a piece of cattle would be a very
inadequate punishment ; 2. a female ostrich which it is unlawful to
kill in the sacred precinct, under the penalty mentioned in the text.
94. Ji. jjLa, 1. the leg of a free man; 2. a nickname for the male
of the turtle-dove, the killing of which, like that of the locust in
the next question, would infringe against the prohibition of the
chase after the /^^ or donning of the pilgrim's cloak. 95. (_Jyi li,
1. a woman thus surnamed after her son; 2. popular name given
o the locust. 96. c >.l3 . 1. a kind of boat ; 2. a seeker of water at
night-time. 97. AJ&-, 1. that which is lawful, opposed to Jl*-,
ny thing forbidden ; 2. = ,*^sr*, one who has donned the garb of
a pilgrim. 98. L2-vL, 1. the Sabbath or Saturday; 2. the shaving
of the head after the completion of the pilgrimage. 99. <J>-, 1. is
or becomes lawful ; 2. he has doffed the pilgrim's cloak, which
act follows the shaving of the head and terminates the pilgrimage.
17
258 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
LJ U
J15
U Jo jyfcJU i J^IO 103 aLLJl t ^ ^ S J\5
AJ U JlJi ( .Xs?l iwwJl. *U! u-a^r. JljJ^ ..t-Xl^ Li>l
w ^x *t > > *^ ^^ t
Jo U ijuii*!!) LaJLs^l ^^Lc j^ki^ JlJ 104 LaJUl
^ jy^i ju (*j*i, ^ ^ui yi 4
100. cu*~*, 1. a bay horse; 2. wine. 101. J>>- , 1. vinegar;
2. the foal of a pregnant camel (which it is considered unlawful
to barter for flesh, either of the same kind of animal or of a different
kind). 102. ^AA, 1. a gift, a present; 2. a victim led to the
Ka bah to be sacrificed. 103. <^-M-J, 1. a female slave taken captive
from the infidels; 2. wine. 104. <ULJLc, 1. the wool of a lamb or
the hair of a child; 2. an animal sacrificed for a child on the seventh
day after its birth. 105. .^jJI, 1. lit. the caller, metaphorically
used in various ways ; 2. in the traditions occurring for the popular
<Uc1j, the remainder of the milk, left in the udder after milking,
to provoke a further flow. "With regard to the question a marginal
note in my MS. remarks : it is said that .clSJ! means the cock;
others say it is used for c\lr., slave, as .^\ stands for <~>, lord
or master, and that the meaning is : may the judge sell the slave
against, i.e. in spite of, the unwillingness of a bankrupt master, who
is debarred from the disposal of his property ( ,ys??' 11 ), a proceeding
which is in perfect accordance with the law." ^cloJ! Jj may,
however, also mean buying on the part of the caller, in whatever
meaning the word may be taken (in Assembly XXVII. it applies to
OF TAIBAH.
259
**3 Jli C
JIS 10
US!
Jli
U Jli 109 jJllll
the Muezzin), and in this case the preposition iglJB stands for
"from," as in Qur'an, Ixxxiii. 2, after the word t^Jb^l ("who when
they take by measure from (.J-s) others, exact the full"). As for
the answer, there is no difference of opinion amongst the com-
mentators: the selling or buying of the ,<fttj, in the second sense
is forbidden, like that of the foetus in an animal's womb, because
it is J^!sr*, an object unknown as to its quality or quantity, a
subtlety in the Muhammadan Law, which is obviously more of
a theoretical than practical nature. 106. yLs, a hawk ; 2. = (j*Jt),
date- juice, which it is as unlawful to barter for the fruit as meat
for the living animal (see note 101 above). 107. e_^>Lj, 1. plunder
(as of ornaments or garments taken by force) ; 2. the bast of the
Salab tree, from which ropes are made. 108. At&Jl ^/sp-j the
leaf or blade of the plant Sumam, which is used for stuffing
cushions and similar purposes. 109. wJl, 1 . an intercessor ; 2. a
sheep accompanied by her lamb. 110. fjjjjf\ t 1. a pitcher; 2.
a furbished and damasked sword. 111. J&l yj, name given to
the Greeks. As they were enemies of Islam, it would be for
a Muslim, if not absolutely forbidden, at least highly objectionable
<~
(ijjL*, hateful), to buy from them offensive or even defensive
weapons, which may purposely be of a bad make, or have been
employed against his co-religionists. For z in the sense of
260 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
2FJ, J U JlS ^1^ 114 aj;lj a lj Iju* ur/i-M J6 JU (J
4 di/JJ 115 <uLLN uuvLl JlS (UjJ! j-^s^ f
51 J15
4 Jyu* U JlS (KJI Ulj j-i^j r) ii U\ 4
ysvllylflOyLJ^ j^JUD 12 J^ Jli
JlS 122 J^!b 121 . J ^rl JlS (*-
see note 105 above, but comp. my note on this passage in my
translation. 112. ~jL-*?, 1. a camel's colt born in summer; 2.
a son begotten in old age (j-^4). 113. jLjL, 1. a familiar friend;
2. a milch camel yielding a copious floAV. 114. Ii, 1. mother;
- v '
2. the pia mater" of the brain. 115. <UA- , the right of pre-
emption, for which see Hughes' Dictionary of Islam, p. 474. 116.
'Ls*", 1. a field; 2. a she-ass whose white is mingled with grey,
and which, as a movable good, can be as little an object of pre-
. o
emption, as yLs , whether this be taken in the sense of a yellow
o /
camel or of gold. 117. ^o^, aor. pass. 4 of .**>, 1- it may
be heated; 2. it may be prohibited from general use. 118. lew,
for *L>-, 1. an open space (in the question in construction with
*L, water); 2. for .J^ = JL^, green crop. 119. ^K, 1. an
infidel; 2. the sea. "With regard to the former &*+, means dead
body," with regard to the latter, fish floating on the water. 120.
w *9
Jii anything lawful, here to feed upon. 121. .Jc^i, aor. pass.
2 of ]** , is offered as a morning sacrifice. 122. J^*-, 1. pi. of
Jl, a squint-eyed person; 2. pi. of Jjl-, a sheep, which has
OF TAIBAH.
261
^ Jlj 123 jJCk!lj ^ cM J13 (Jj
JJ ^ ^tt to-lt ci~>. ^y j- aLsUl
Jlfc ^ J15 u^l AjljjtJI) JU* L 125 ^ *IA JIS 1
> JU 126 j>Dlj i-^ifll JUrl J15 (u^o/ Jlw ^ UV^JI
^ JIS (a^fll JU3I ^ ^ .^b t^Ji!^
c^j^ j^\ j^Ui]!) 128 j^UI ^ UJ ^^ JIS
JIS 129 ^l u^> JJU11 U JIS (jjtt
130
t-!/
JD
not conceived (said to be worthier of acceptance, because not con-
taminated by the ram). 123. <j5lb, 1. a divorced wife; 2. a camel
allowed to pasture at will. 124. <JUe, 1. gazelle; 2. a name given
to the rising sun, as the setting sun is called <-Jjsj- , from its dark
red glow. 125. +Q L&, a sheep of flesh, meaning that it cannot
be considered as a morning-sacrifice, the sun not yet having risen,
but may be sold or bought and eaten for food. 126. .$% , 1. beat-
ing of wool, or hammering metals, which are lawful means of gain ;
2. throwing pebbles,* for the sake of vaticination, forbidden like
games of chance. 127. *Xc.lS, 1. one sitting; 2. a woman who has
ceased being menstruous or having sexual intercourse, here implying
a woman in general, who may not be saluted by a man unless he
be related to her. 128. JurLjl, pi. of Juc-jl, mutual strangers.
129. ^J^, 1. a person of weak intellect, as we would say "a softy,"
(to sleep under, is, of course, taken in an obscene sense) ; 2. the
sky (open air). 130. -.Jb , a place with roots of various trees,
when preceded by the article or followed by jJy^t (a thorny tree
or shrub) applied to the cemetery of Medinah. For dj *vo^ comp.
262 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
4 <fc*,U* J\3 132 JJJ ^ 131 \ 1*1 JlS
JlS 183 jj$Ul 4
J\J U1&J1 U
JlS
J\ UjLijo
JlJ
137
p. 25, n. 33. 131. ,J*9 a Christian or Jew, who pays capitation-
tax (<b\y?~), which entitles him to live in a Muhammadan country,
and who, by his own law, is not forbidden to drink wine. 132.
j^jsf, 1. an old woman; 2. wine, which to kill is an Arabic idiom
for mixing it with water. 133. (?, inf. 5 of jy&, 1. becoming
a Jew ; 2. in the sense of the primitive verb, returning to God,
repenting, becoming a convert (comp. Qur'an, vii. 155, where, by
i ' "
a singular mistake, Eodwell translates UjJb with to thee we are
guided," an error shared with Fliigel, who gives it in his Concord-
ance, p. 203, under i_JJ& instead of t>yt>). 134. ^U^-c, 1. building,
edifice, any place rendered habitable or cultivated; 2. tribe. 135.
<Qj ~a, 1. patience under calamity; 2. the tying up of a camel
at the tomb of her master to die from thirst and hunger, which
camel was called <uij . This was a practice of the Arabs of the
Ignorance, who supposed that the dead man was to ride on it to
his doom. 136. r-.-K-', 1. an envoy or ambassador; 2. leaves fallen
from a tree. 137. JJ*.-, 1. attacking; 2. loading, making to carry
(the preceding article stands for the suffixed pronoun of the 3rd
person "it," referring to the fallen foliage). 138. .JUx^, 1.
OF TAIBAH.
263
alA, ^ JJI <d*jb J15
J13 *UI 14 yLJ^
*dj ^jjs\ JJ JlS
i! ^li J\5 (UU a
l J13 (J3Ul
b- U JIS
U
u J15
u jis 1
JU (J
J15
.,( ii..
*J1 Jlj
145
a seeker of advice; 2. a fat camel, or a stallion who knows the
pregnant she-camel from one that has not conceived. 139. jj-*5.,
aor. of j&f (inf. 2 of ilc), which means 1. chastising, punishment
by heating ; 2. assisting and honouring, as in Qur'an, xlviii. 9.
c.
140. jJLJi, pret. 4 of JiJ, 1. he impoverished; 2. he lent another
a camel to ride upon her back (lit. vertebrae, Uu). 141. jj^'>
pret. 4. of u^c, 1. he stripped naked, took the clothes from (ace.);
2. he presented with the fruit of a date-tree for a year. 142. c
1. a white slave, bought or taken captive, in opposition to
which generally means a black slave ; 2. dough well kneaded.
143. ^jb /*^JJ , 1. she cuts her husband, in the Arabic idiom, she
fails in her duties towards him;" 2. she cuts down her date-tree.
144. Jusr^, 1. being bashful, modesty; 2. behaving badly in the
possession of riches, opposed to f-J^, bearing poverty in an abject
manner. 145. dclJi c^ec*, 1. he peeled or shaved his tamarisk-
tree ; 2. idiom for "he backbited him and detracted from his honour."
264 ASSEMBLY XXXIT.
^U Jlc ^\ U ^\ JlS (4-^c 4 ^/fcUl I Jl
Jo JLC c^-J i^l *J J3 JlS (^^y
152 . M 151
II-
J^ ^-j-J ^^J J
i JlS (oSJ\ jd\
I J! ^ JlS 1
i 157 ot . " o M / o ^, t
Jvj ^.MaJ <u c^>w....J ^ LJu*jl Jb (iJoj -j-^^J ^r^y. U'
^Owwurs- !j^ **3
146. jfK, he appoints a curator for, places under guardianship
( A). 147. jj, 1. a bullock ; 2. madness. 148. *Jo ^Lc < ^-4,
1. lit. he strikes upon his hand; 2. metaphorically = the preceding
o
-sr 5 ^. 149. >..>..g.:'.^jj ^--^. > ^ er 6 "he grows up and is of age."
150. i^2-?j, 1. a building or place outside the walls of a city;
2. a wife, which, according to al- Shaft X only the father or grand-
father may contract for a minor. 151. t^Jo, 1. body; 2. a short
coat of mail. 152. <L.-jL-j, an idiot or imbecile, one of the six
categories of persons whom the Muhammadan Law places under
guardianship. 153. la_5>- , here a lucky chance, a prospect of ad-
vantage. 154. ^J^>- , 1. a privy or jakes; 2. a cluster of date-trees,
w
a palm-plantation. 155. ^JLx* , 1. covered; 2. frequented, here
" haunted by Jinns." 156. *JU9, 1. an oppressor; 2. one who
drinks the milk before it curdles and its cream is taken off. 157.
^-*^j, 1. sharp-sightedness, sagacity, discrimination; 2. a shield.
OF TAIBAH.
JIS (J*
l^UI
LM M> ,J jjsrl JlS
.x ** ^^ +
265
158 jl*)\
JIS
. Jul!
J15 (*^
y> J15
l ^y JL5 1
JIS 161 Lo^
u b ^15 JIS
J15 (^L
UjbU jjU!\) jl Alb u- il^sr JU ^^ Jo
J15 !j^,U 167 J-L ^ ULJ ^-.i JyU' U JIS
^1 ^ Jli
U J15
I
158. Jac, 1. intellect; 2. a kind of embroidered silk-stuff (meaning
that one who abstains from wearing such, i.e. from habits of luxury
t, ,
in general, shows wisdom and discretion). 159. yt>j, 1. pride, over-
bearingness; 2. dates which have ripened into colour. 160. .Us^-,
1. a tyrant; 2. a high date-tree, whose branches or fruit are out of
the reach of the hand. 161. c-^o^i, 4. of <*-^j, 1- suspected, of
doubtful character; 2. 4 of <-r^, one who has plenty of curdled
milk. 162. L^J, 1. he has committed the sin of the people of Lot
(has practised sodomy) ; 2. he has coated the inside of a cistern.
163. JLC. A, it is stumbled upon, i.e. it has transpired, has been
discovered. 164. JjJ-c, 1. he has sifted (corn and the like); 2. he
has killed (the quotation from a poet, thou seest the kings
killed around him" is not found in all MSS., and therefore given
by de Sacy only in his commentary). 165. ^l*, 1. agent of ( j~* ,
one who lies; 2. of ^y*, one who provides for his family. 166.
JJLs^ Julc, 1. a servant of God; 2. one who spurns the truth
0/>
(comp. Qur'an, xliii. 81). 167. Jib, 1. a nightingale; 2. an agile
266 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
168~n .. i. i.. { . . .. . ii . i MX
r L^ <J ( a-JisM c/^rp' uMr"
^xCS^ L< /JvJ ^~?^* i ^-*^*Jl !}+**?' ' i^u^'A-S I / <^Ju)
Uj JlS (,*-JiJ! L / i * ) ^r-' ic^*^ ^) f'v-^ ^*15^ _KaJl JlJJ c^JiJ\ ti
t (j Jui i^
173
173 L-^ ^ ^IJ JIS (li
4 J 1 ^. ^ cA^ 1 c^^ s-^* 17 V
JL5 J
UL;\ JIS (^iJ^^^Jl j^J!) J^ ^ lf.1*
JIS
man (the answer is not to be taken literally in the sense of the
biblical eye for eye," but simply means that a fine is to be paid
half of that which would be exacted for both eyes). 168. i'Uai' , 1.
a qata bird; 2. the parts between the hips or thighs. 169. ^H^s>-,
1. herbs, greens; 2. foetus dropped dead. 170. jUucl, inf. 4 of
o
/iUL^, the manumission of a slave. 171. -jLi^r*, 1. one who
keeps hidden; 2. a spoiler of tombs. 172. J^Lol, 1. black snakes;
2. household utensils. 173. ^^^^j, 1. anything of great value;
2. for ^^J, the eighth part (the second v-^fcj means a gold coin,
for stealing the eighth part of which no amputation of the hand is
incurred; comp. the preceding answer). 174. ^J U, translate:
"such as there would be if." 175. (Jyj, 1. theft; 2. white silk.
176. o^y, 1. pi. of fj^*i a bird of the starling kind which the
Arabs consider to prognosticate rain; 2. pi. of ^\^ } one who
OF TAIBAH.
267
J
lJ c-^sr JlS *
<LLL
follows up, hence a witness. 177. ^JJ>. ^-iJ, 1. the first night of
the month ; 2. a wedding night in which no consummation has
taken place. 178. tXc, number, here of the days of probation
of a divorced woman, for which see Hughes, I.e., p. 190. 179. <UJ
/
jsc ^ LL5JJ, lit. to Allah is due thy flow from a sea, for: by
the grace of Allah thou art a sea (of wisdom)." 180. &}, particle
with the force of a verb, go on ! proceed ! and opposed to
stop ! be silent ! which has occurred p. 209, n. 28. 181.
The final * is to be read a, on account of the metre, which is
as p. 71, n. 69. 183. ,13J1 c^o-i, is an instance of <ulxs
which makes, as it were, a compound word of two words in con-
struction, and is therefore allowed to take the article. 184. ,<^,
name of a tree in Paradise, and standing here for Paradise itself.
268 ASSEMBLY XXXII.
JIS jjjJI,
JJoJ l^JLJ
190 o G M i I i .
. j j w/ j
L '" M - t t. \ t o 1
j.&-Zj\j~\ u/_j4^ 'j^~
V > U j' - 192
I J -^-J
* ^ o .1 .
Jiwu-uio M.a.J ULrs
195i
196
| \ ^9
185. <u, by poetical licenRe for <U. 186. t^^^, t/^. > prct. pass.
(has been guided), and aor. 4 of ^JJb (bestows a gift). 187. <J>j)J,
a string of camels (between three and ten). 188. L^& Juc <&~d\ ,
= ^sM Jjo (j-^srU 189. c/^sf-- , nay acquaintance with thee or
my knowledge of thee, for " I have known thee." 190. C^*v^J^,
pret. 3 of ^^y-J=o-^Uj e^JaJU^. Metre c >jlJa^, as p. 14,
n. 72. 191. ^jj, U&, pi. of ij)\j and ^La respectively. 192.
^> = JJ. 193. ijfc] (pret. 4 of JL] = ^^ . 194. '1^, a
virgin poem (comp. p. 44, n. 5). 195. uMAfl = uJjS^*)! ^JLsr^l
196. jJf. U, not with the malice, for with greater malice
OF TAIBATI.
269
(see p. 33, n. 64). The preceding Li-v^ari- is pret. pass, of
197. U?\ (for U>\), aor. of U^. 198. ^jj, JZjH5 f , aor. 4 of t-j^J
and c ^--i respectively. 199. (j^bl .Jf^, patronymic of Abu
'Abdi'llah. Muhammad al-Shafi'l, founder of one of the four recog-
nized Muhammadan law-schools, whom Hariri followed, and in
accordance with whose teaching the preceding legal questions are
(^
decided. 200. <4^-^ , the ancient name of Medinah. 201. d^l^b,
here far be it." 202. j*-^9' P^ ^ &-*^ > observance (of a com-
pact) here " compliance." 203. +*\ , a small and easy matter.
204. -*> ''perplexity." 205. dJLlJl kXx5, remoteness of distance,
allusion to Qur'an, ix. 42. 206. -*lil, \zJijk\ t pret. 4 of Ai
and -i.. respectively, he set out for Syria, I set out for Irak;
(| O
for the following U^o^j <-r, comp. p. 201, n 37.
270 ASSEMBLY XXXIII.
ASSEMBLY XXXIII. CALLED "OF TIFLIS."
2. C
jl. 3. c^4r>^ = Lw5>-^ t^-J-J, for the more usual
cz^^-j' 4. jjLJjtf, with /a/ Aa A or kasrah in the first syllable, the
well-known city of Tiflis in the Caucasus. 5. ^jjuJU^ , pi. of (j*l<& .
6. .JA-J , pret. 5 of jji , has drunk or sucked draught after draught
(&y). 7. ^ ujLK U Si, that he but spare me. 8. <U.^ 1 , a
moment's delay. 9. L, pi of i&- (see p. 119, n. 7). 10.
OF TIFLIS.
271
JL
c^JL)
. vjL^Jd. e^JLi U juo 51 20 t .y UU!
*"^ '
22
>jlj ijlj AJ
11. SU^as^j j. 12. Ui ^U^., and
as for the inner state (i.e. my poverty), it is laid bare (for uJ after
an inchoative preceded by the article, comp. Qur'an, v. 42 and
xxiv. 3). 13. JU, Jl, pret. of J^* and J^ respectively, the
first in the sense of giving, bestowing, the second in that of ruling,
exercising dominion. 14. 4_LA^ ^-* J^5j ; ^JL^J! .^
15. ^1^-, pi. of JLar-U- = <LiT ; L-^51y, pi. of <LJl)
* ^
16. ^a-tf with fathah or Jcasrah, synonymous with the preceding Ji* ,
empty, void. 17. <U^, pi. of ^^5. 18. ^^^ (6 of ^u?) =
U*oJ u^-~> . 19. ^?Lo^ v.n. of ^J2n, that which is sucked up,
the sucking. 20. .jMit), pi. of <LxJ^, things buried, i.e. hidden.
f i .. v. *" M ^
21. ci^ftJ, passive of ^JU = ^^JUJu t^^^l^i. 22. ^5^, noun of
unity of j'j-'* , a flint-stone, rock, here used in a similar sense as
*\JL*, p. 206, n. 9. The metre of the verses is j-^, as P- 32,
n. 50. 2&. jd&\, pret. 8 otjaSt>=^. 24. LS-Jl^, pret. 4 of
^J^:^, which is used intransitively and transitively, here the latter.
272 ASSEMBLY XXXIII.
-Jl *-J! k._^_
25. ,o' < -^r : r> pi- of ^ir* 26. -jy, may be pv-?-M to ~jl:>-, be-
x V-
wildered, emphasizing its meaning, or agent of j^ , perishing.
27. i^\3j\, pi. of ^j, the long sleeves of a sumptuous robe.
28. i*>lct, pret. 4 of ^^c, helped, assisted. 29. ^le, pret. of li ^*,
cast the evil eye upon (ace.). 30. i Jlcj, etc. = *Uo*]\ u-^JU? ^-j
rfLiJj**. 31. jjLii = Jl>- , state, condition; the following (jl->,
o
pret. of jj---, has put to shame, disgraced. 32. u^lJUwJ, aor. 10
of <j>r> either in the sense of establishing the truth of one's
assertions, or of reassuring. 33. L_XLjLl >-jjJ, the tree of thy
branch, i.e. thy origin. 34. AlJ, a veil covering the mouth.
35. .*, pret. pass, of -J/ = .J^, the following culi&j, being
inf. 4 of ci~Ot, vexation. 36. cuLJb ^Lo, allusion to Qur'an,
'
xvi. 60. 37. i -sJLAJ , inf. 5 of i j-L* = /.tLaL) . 38.
v^
OF TIFLIS. 273
^^-l J13A3 c-l; c--
L^IU-^ .Jl JlSj (ji,-c U J*J ^^a
cjU> i i _ J^u*JL (clear or rending the hearts of the
envious). The metre of the verses following is t-^lJLx^ , as p. 28,
n. 65. 39. <U .Jji, pass., thou art given it. 40. /J>-*JL5 by poetical
license for .ViJLLl, subj. 4 of ^Jji. 41. *U^i = .-*jbL^J! ^jixJ.
42. **Tjl t . r ^ =ljliJiI\ ^ i>5J> U cr ^. 43. ^i, ^J, pi.
9 & ** P
of &~>~ and &*J respectively. 44. cu^X>-, pret. of /*^ = C^R-!?.
45. al^o = *USi 4-iJj 46. l^Jb^ , etc., and reckon it neither a miss
nor a hit, i.e. neither worthy of disdain nor of thanks. 47. Jjjp? or
jJJs, pi. of &Jb. 48. jj Jp*, it was pictured to me, for "the
fancy struck me." 49. ,y\j, an idiom of the tribes of Yaman for
18
274 ASSEMBLY XXXIII. OF TIFL1S.
J j*J^ hU uJ^ 50 j)U e^^ ^U CJ^ jJ J
J J
a ! J1S
S U AJ Ji Jl3 ^i
4 ^ tv t>j^ ^ J J^. J ^ r
59 c . t, \ o I
^J^PJH (j-^V cUASlj^ ^^.S^*
60 ~ x Cf ' '" U ("^Ac, L.
^ \ , pret. 3 of ^\ , has been favourable. 50. iaJjli C^
L^JLyJ^Lj ^4j .^ eubk-5~j , a proverbial expression applied to one who
. ^ wo
has obtained his wish (see Ar. Prov. ii. 326). 51. UjuLj J Jl^J
\J"j~j, he appeared before me as a sound man, allusion to Qur'an,
xix. 17. 52. aLJj = <U>! J J-c Ju^-U a^ C^JAJJ -JJi *lj.
* > ^ **o ~
53. <^*UU= JU)! uXfc ijir a^,Lj. 54. U-^, ^1, pret. of
^s--* and aor. of ^js! respectively. 55. ,<i>-j^^ = ^rj^. ** o^^
" ',?" < ^
^VOU Metre U^lfc*, as p. 268, n. 190. 56. c^^' f ^> *fi
pret. pass., inf. 6, and v.n. in the sense of victory, success, respectively
from the root jP. 57. cl^Lj , ^J^ , apocopated aor. of pass, of J,,
and apoc. aor. of JL) respectively. 58. ^jJLa^L< =
59. ti^U^. 60. JUij;
ASSEMBLY XXXIV. OF ZABID. 275
ASSEMBLY XXXIV. CALLED "OF ZABID."
J! ifASdlj JUjJiJl u-
1. tX-J), a prosperous town in Tainan, second in importance after
< *i
Sana , from whicli it is about forty parasangs distant. 2. Jc&V, the
full vigour of life, by the Arabs reckoned from fifteen to forty.
3. e^j+i 1. f*V*> wish, intention, with suffix of the personal pro-
* ^
noun; 2. pi. of ig+j", place of shooting, aim. 4. <-r^/, pi. of
tUyj, here good offices, valuable services. 5. (^-JpcJl, pret. 8 of
L^J = L^-^JLo^Jl . 6. <U t_f^U pret. 4 of ^^1, turned away with,
carried off, destroyed. 7. &x^l*3 LiL-JLi, when the sole of his foot
was raised or turned up, proverbial phrase for he had died." For
A* 1*3 in this sense, comp. p. 232, n. 7. 8. <Ul3, originally voice,
said by the Commentators here to mean tjs- , movement, motion.
9. u^l&l, subj. 8 of ^^ = Jju^U 10. jf. ^ jl*X-, a stop-
gap of my need, another proverb for which see Arab. Prov. i. 616.
276
ASSEMBLY XXXIV.
13.
their increase and
16. Vgl, to them,
no thunder-cloud
, ace. pi.
11. ^r, pi. of ^4. 12.
pi. of JLto, here for^J. 14. l*jj*<-j
their wane. 15. 3^, pi. of the following
the pronoun referring to the broken pi.
yielded rain (in response) thereto. 1 7.
of agent 1 and 6 of ,<**^ > forgetting or feigning to forget. 18.
vjyu cf^ 2 *" c/* <-^ L/*^' no ^ ever y one > w ^ undertakes a work,
carries it through, taken from a poem of Zuhair in praise of Harim
bin Sinan. 19. uL&sr ^ , etc., " nought will scratch my skin as well
as my own nail," a popular saying for which see Arab. Prov. ii. 602.
20. (j<3~~\) s*2\, pi. oi j&>\ and (j^ respectively, the yellow
. o
and the white, for gold and silver coins. 21. *kx=M, pret. 8 of
ui^ ^s. Jx^. 22. Ui^ = icUwl!lj UJU-.
, as p. 25, n. 33. 23. e^kj, pret. of k^J =
, agent 8 of .Le = <d^sT . 25. UJ for
Metre
24.
OF ZABID. 277
Cx! , also shortened into *J , an exclamation addressed to one
who slips or falls, in the sense of a prayer that he may rise safe
and sound. 26. LlJ , apoc. aor. of +j~> = L-aJJo . 27. ^^Lc, here
in spite of. 28. .5^^!) pret. 8 of *^J, he imposes upon, claims
more than his due. 29. jW&l = JjsX^, deems lawful. 30. lc^\,
pret. pass. 4 of cJ^ (which form governs two accusatives), with the
final short vowel prolonged on account of the metre, as in several
words terminating the following lines. 81. $\y, 9j-^r, pl of
t_Cjlc and *-5{*>- respectively, here in the ace. as governed by l^s^l,
one of the sister-verbs of .J8 (see Gramm. p. 242). 32. U^M for
o .
^-/K>-I (refer to note 30 above), a comparative form, meaning all of
them, altogether (Gramm. p. 275). 33. * + .ill il^- &\>^j> the
youths of the garden of delight, allusion to Qur'an, Ivi. 12, 17.
&
34. \j&j IjuA U, etc., words applied by the Egyptian ladies to
Joseph (Qur'an, xii. 31), an ominous quotation, as the sequel will
show. For the objective case after t see Grammar, p. 253.
35. &ij>-L*s ^ ters-Lai ^S\ , literally, " where his eloquence was
from his beauty," and equivalent to 5 /! <L)Ujsf Ap-L^J <d
278 ASSEMBLY XXXIV.
J>\ &p iU i^
38 j*
C. . i QQ
\ J 3! ^.l c_^|b ^ l>
U Hail! LL^3 C^
J ^L-J JIS
"whether his elocution matched his comeliness." Similarly the
following <L^_sr^ ^ te*s& c-Q ^ , may be translated, "how his
o
utterance responded to the fairness of his countenance." 36. c^-^?
* v
Ls^ &, I turned aside from him, the accusative, according to
the most plausible explanations, being that of an infinitive, cor-
^ x i "* ^
roborating the idea of the verb <^^. 37. Lsr 1 **' is cLJi to Lsas,
which latter stands for <dJl ^rs^jj, and both may be rendered "a
curse and perdition upon." 38. Jec^^ .li, lit. he went into low-
o
lands (j^) and highlands (<^sc}, here as applied to laughter, he
alternately bent his head down and raised it, or as we would say,
he shook himself. 39. <L^ ^j-aiJ^, he wagged his head. 40. lil,
to be read as two short syllables (Gramm. p. 294, 3), the metre
being J-*K, as p. 159, n. 49. The words allude to Qur'an, xii. 90.
41. uf/ 't pret. 2 of _/-, he put off or removed his clothes, here
simply he removed or allayed. 42. C-J , heart, mind. 43.
' i ** . it
c^JbXl =d^ r? 2Kr, in conjunction with the following ^j^JLiXji, I
was too bewildered to find out his real meaning. 44. <U^Lu, inf.
of the third form, asking for the price (M~*, which is synonymous
OF ZABID. 279
8 J 1 jt UJ! ^ J\S J
>
&
,
*
with the following ^^j and cU--j). 45. <J1=>- UJ, etc., "he did
not soar wither I had soared, nor hold on to that to which I held
on," i.e. he did not charge a high price nor make much ado about
9
parting with the hoy. 46. jJJ , has been small or insignificant.
47. )j, imp. of ^\). 48. c^--2> for c^xi> on account of the
rhyme. 49. *\AJ&\ *_^*J J^^ ^j "more abundant than the tear-
flow of the clouds" (comp. p. 33, n. 64). 50. <Jj\ tlTlJ = tl^'i
L!XX^. Metre ^?^, as p. 183, n. 20. 51. ^j>, grammatically
a singular, is logically a plural = J Lc , family, children, depend-
ents, and is therefore followed by the plural cLr>- = cjsj- of n. 31
- - ' - Trxt
above. 52. <Lk^ = <U^L. The preceding c_(LXM, and the follow-
ing verbs as far as 9^J, are aor. pass. 53. J^v-^, i_.^.c.L2^, pi. of
280 ASSEMBLY XXXIV.
and t-^x^ respectively. 54. c^jlJLxio^ = cUjLftJl (they
obeyed, for "they were carried out or realized," in the same sense
in which the verb is applied to Jl*i , hopes). 55. cl^Jil, inf. 8
of f-^j refusal, for reason or occasion to refuse. 56.
57. Jj\, apoc. aor. 4 of ^b , of which the pass, has occurred under
n. 52 in the sense of J should be tried," but which is here used
actively in that of I showed prowess," as in *^sa^ <J> .Ju5 ,jX*,
p. 126, 1. 1. It is true some MSS. read Jo\, which would make
the word identical with the former .J^, but de Sacy declares
rightly the reading, adopted here, to be preferable, as it shows
better Hariri's power over his language. 58. cb, lit. the width
between the extremities of the extended arms (fathom), here " a
well-deserved share." 59. ujluJo, etc., pass, subj., on account of
an elided ^ after the preceding i_J, "so that, if thou shouldst
cut me off, the veil might be lifted from it" (referring to V-, sin
or crime). In the second hemistich of the following couplet the
verbs are pass. aor. as forming a qualifying epithet of the indefinite
noun u-^l^j for which see Grammar, pp. 172 and 234 (142).
60. tyjS, chips, here "useless shreds." 61. clx^t = Ls jlsn i'l^J!
<uLkl\J. 62. j^ = UJ. 63. u^lV ^j&S, pass. 64. <&s, from
it, the pronoun referring to the sentence "that I should be sold."
c
OF ZAB1D. 281
viiL" l$J tlCcU* ^ uJ^JI LlTU ^ j lil Ui
JX j
J JIS (
U!
JjJ U L
U
. . I .
65. <U 3c>- = <b Jcx-ll. 66. <-^Owj, name of a noble horse be-
>
longing to a man of the Banu Tamim, who refused to sell it with
the words quoted in the text (see Hamasah, p. 121). It was thus
called from its swiftness, compared to the rushing of water when
poured out (< >Lujl). 67. ^J)j\*a\ , etc., they have lost (undone)
me, and what a man have they lost (undone). This is an instance
o
of the rhetorical artifice ( ( j^^J\ which consists in the quotation of
part of a well-known couplet or number of couplets, to adapt it to the
circumstances of the quoter. The verses from which the words of
the text are borrowed are ascribed to Umaiyah bin al-Salt, by others
to Abd-allah bin 'Amr bin 'Usman, and the conclusion of the line
is^Aj L)!JU^ a^j^ **), "for the day of combat or the stopping of
a breach." The words, if taken in their double meaning, are more par-
ticularly addressed to Abu Zaid; if taken in the sense of lost,"
they contain at the same time another warning to Harls to be on
his guard. 68. SUlx* , inf. 3 of .Ju , pleasing speech. 69. *i
pi. of <Vo. 70. J^= JjJ^. 71. ilJ, ^J, inf. 2 of
and j^c respectively. 72. Sl3l, inf. 4 of Jy, the cancelling of
282
ASSEMBLY XXXIV.
JD> tjjif. jlil d\j\ ajjuj tjlj J15! .^ cuUij\ ^
t,
4l iL> U J^f, <d!
aj JlS
ULj
U
JUJ cin^l ^
a bargain, redemption. 73. Ji^i, ^J*X^, patient 8 of ( JU and
2 of ^J respectively; for <L3tJo*Jt the Beyrout edition reads
Hjj^*3\ , reported, transmitted. 74. iLaJ = *L^\, trustworthy
authorities. 75. *L-i>l e-^LaJt J, in the heart were matters (con-
cealed), idiom for within my heart I thought otherwise." 76.
77. ^J!! C^3'*X9, may my soul be thy
j>- < of the 5th ^^ > for which latter
78. ^jJ , aor. of ^. 79. C^J^M, oJjr,
, the former in the sense of lamenting, the
latter in that of resolving upon. 80. tlXj^, etc., "thou art in
a valley and I am in a (different) valley," proverbial expression for
being at cross-purposes. 81. *&j , etc., "and what a difference
there is between a wisher and his wish," another proverb somewhat
in the sense of our " there is many a slip between the cup and
,
, aor. 9 of
ransom. Metre
see p. 192, n. 8.
pret. 4 and 2 of
OF ZABID. 283
the lip." 82. _JJ u_aJ = JkXJ i^^?. Metre jj&j* tr*-, , as
note 22 above. 83. jd^ = cL$l$S\ J <u3jj\. 84. ^, lit. bright-
ness, here bright coins," synonymous with the preceding ^L^\,
his white ones, and JL&J&Jt, his engraved ones, i.e. his dirhams.
85. ^J J, apoc. aor. pass, of _jj = J^T J. 86. ^^ Jt, etc.,
since (my mentioning) Yusuf implied a meaning that was evident,"
namely, that my sale was as unlawful as that of free-born Joseph.
87. iM^^ljuli, t-^-cL^, both=_jUJ*, one who jests, one who in-
dulges in pleasantry. 88. ^.ks*, the frock in which a slave is
exposed for sale. 89. JU&*, inf. 3 of *1 , a mutual beating with
the fists, " fisticuffs." 90. &j*~i for &*, in playful allusion to the
chapter of the Qur'an which relates the story of Joseph. 91. ^
M&l bJJ Jjjj he who has given warning, has excused himself, an
expression for which see Ar. Prov. ii. 119. Similar in purport are
the clauses following. 92. ^^^j\ U (irregular form of jCj) ==
284 ASSEMBLY XXXIV.
-. ,'tl t*, thou wouldst not be awaked or cautioned. 93.
1JJ i! , imp. and prohibitive respectively of /^1 . 94. ,!<X>- , beware
O 4 ,
(see Gramm. p. 233). 95. /*>ytf, inf. 2 of /y , fixing a price (<U-Ji).
96. (J--J, dim. of J15, shortly before. 97. jLj?- = ,JJb, exempt
from retaliation or blood-money, as in the expression ,Lj>- ^JoL*Jl,
which means that for one who has been killed by the collapse of
a mine no retaliation can be exacted from the owner or lessee.
i i i i
98. jU>>, ^Ur4, pi. of the noun^-^, stories, and inf. 4 of the
verb, report, information against. 99. c^Jti**-, I said JX=- ^, etc.
(see p. 207, n. 14, and comp. Gramm. p. 255). 100. ju*afiM ^^-^ >
the crowning couplet of the poem, proverbial for anything rare and
marvellous. 101. <J>U?, object (J^xfi.^) of (j*j , to which the
following c: *.ftl U is subject (J^^), my mishap cast down (for
'made me cast down") my looks. 102. ^aU^l, ije\*Jj\ t inf. 8
of i^axsi and (j**j respectively. 103. c-^Jfcj L, etc., lit. "not
has gone from thy substance, that which has taught thee a lesson,"
the sentence ^^U^ L, like c:-Ji] t* in note 101, and like the
following ^UaV\ ^i t being JxU of the preceding verbs. The
or ZABID. 285
<- *.
/ *> ^ .*rs>, j t? / * *<^
meaning is : the money which thou hast lost, will not be thrown
away, if it teaches thee to be more careful of the remainder, and
he who rouses thee to circumspection and cautiousness has not done
O ***
thee an injury. 104. ieuftJM, imp. 8 of the preceding llcj. 105.
^JJj^, pret. pass, of ^Jj . 106. ^^^ ^;f^ iV^*^ > ^ e * wo &kirta
or the double skirt of a losing bargain and a weak intellect. This
is the reading of the two native editions, and of the MSS. which
I have consulted, my own included. De Sacy reads JjJ, which
is perhaps of better taste, and which I follow in translating "the
skirt of defrauded folly." 107. Z& ] L,= 'ij\^\ j\g>\. 108. Jo
.SkXJI is explained by J&2J1 <U& *2J, the duration of life's or
fortune's favour, i.e. until the end of my life; another reading is
->ixM ^jw = lJoK 109. Cl?b) Ui, etc., but I did not increase
upon that I frowned and spoke not, for but I only frowned and
abstained from speaking." 110. u>Ja--i (8 of Jjs*-) = t*^-L*_c
"Jo: aLL-Jl. 111. .J \y^s>\, he mocked at me, lit. he produced
a vulgar sound at me. 112. UL$-^, LJiLi^, agent 6 of
286 ASSEMBLY XXXIV. OF ZA.BID.
113
LljiL*
O
*_JJ> * fcj LJL j-J (
J c^^Ji U
LL(,
^* 1X1 JlS lj'
. . 123 VM . t 122 t
and *i respectively, used adverbially : in derision," appeasingly"
(comp. Grammar, p. 192). 113. j>^Ju? = yoli*. Metre Jwla as
p. 35, n. 80. 114. C*jL, pi. of aUL, here perfectly declined on
account of the metre. 115. *jz>b^ = JjiW ^j-^1 ^^ ^^ Ju*M.
116. Lc JLJ = v.A.xiL^ (the word occurs in the Qur'an, xlvi. 8).
117. l?udi, pi. of la^, the tribes, meaning the sons of Jacob, and
o a
here applied to Joseph's brethren. The following Ifc IA, lit. "they
are they" signifies they are what they are," i.e. revered Patriarchs.
118. *$, agent 4. of *-fJ , one who travels to Tihamah, i.e. to
Mecca and the Ka'bah, to which the preceding pronoun .<sJ! refers.
o' I
119. t^l^x^, *-^ o, pi. of (JLxftMti, dusty, dishevelled, and *i>L>,
emaciated, pale, respectively. 120. ^J^JLcj, if with me, for: if
there were in my possession. 121. j\jkj\ t i|*tjl| inf. 3 of
and 9 ofjjj respectively. 122. cL^Ju-1 l?JjJ = vl^ijsL
T ?
123. r--c, either synonymous with .Xc, remainder of milk in the
ASSEMBLY XXXV. OF SHIRAZ. 287
i .
u j^L_xuJ c^c^>
i fUa ^ C^Ul J15
*- Uft-tf A) Cl^J^
udder, or pi. ofylc, anything remaining or left behind, in either case
here for remainder in general. 124. ij^j-* ?-' uu ~ e/*> wno stings
twice, alluding to a reported saying of Muhammad, ' the believer is
not bitten twice from out of a snake's hole." The following 'who
makes one tread upon two (i.e. twice upon) burning coals," has the
same meaning : who injures the same person a second time."
^
125. ,'j-J , pi. of &j\J, mourning women. 126.
ASSEMBLY XXXY. CALLED "OF SHIRAZ."
tU
** I VI
1. Ji^.*^, one of the principal cities of Persia, of which Sherishl
gives a glowing account in his commentary, and which is familiar
to the friends of Oriental literature as the birth-place of the Persian
poet Hafiz, and many other men of note. 2.
2 ( n te of my MS.). 3. uJ;, pi. of the
((
inf. ( jj^, travelling fast, hastening, hurry." 4.
288 ASSEMBLY XXXV.
J^ L\>\
l J-ai ^
5. dwi^, to test (lit. to test gold by melting it). 6.
*f>'U^ (J + (Jr4^ ^ 7. jU4, patient of A-J. 8.
, p c^
, pi. of <3jjZ\, or ^Jjjyi\, and jULc respectively. 9.
the two lives, i.e. that of increase of strength up to forty, and that
of decrease up to eighty, according to others, up to sixty and
hundred-and-twenty respectively. The critics blame Hariri for con-
necting in this passage two verbs of identical meaning, J&UJ ^, he
was near approaching, but I find that itoU has also the meaning of
overtaking (&~d \jb\J = *,^), and therefore translate "he had well
nigh come up with," which seems a perfectly legitimate expression.
10. ^ Jc^ul^ *>- .^-^sL^ , he bound the loop of those who join in
an assembly, an idiom for which see p. 119, n. 7. 11. ^v&V */*^>
the man exists by the two things smallest in him, meaning his
tongue and his heart. 12. t-jlla^i ^ *Jy: ^Jocj, they counted
its aloe for common wood, i.e. being gifted with surpassing eloquence
themselves, they made little of its choicest points. The pronoun
refers to the preceding c-jUa^, address, here "rhetoric." 13.
-Jij, aor. 4 of ^jp, a disputed word for which other MSS. read
tfJb , 4 of ^A^ . Either reading gives a satisfactory sense, but
OF SHIRAZ. 289
17 jLU U pJ>^1 US
U
A; L ^XXJ
21
Jls r
26 o IS \\ , 1c t 25
IS \\ , 1c t
jJ UJi <Uy-lslj
the former seems preferable. 14. <L^-,o .,yC=*J. 15.
ffr\,j, he who makes rise the scale and he who weighs it down,
the deficient and the excelling. 16. ^^ , pi. of <LjL. 17. .J^-^
pi. of (jk>~ (rags) ; J^>-, share, portion, as in Qur'an, ii. 96. Here
it may be translated by "parts" or " endowments." 18. t--^JlJ ,
9 y/ ' MI ' i
L_-^is^, pl. of iUxi and ^^.V^ respectively. 19. c-^Jfcjoi c_;i J = *U
L_-xi> jJi . 20. c.-J-is-, diaphragm, here, according to the com-
mentators, for L-^L>~ j j . 21. Jtf^j 2 of ^sc^, he stirred,
made a move. 22. LL&^jJs J^. , comp. p. 46, n. 22. 23. il
^ '
CXsr*j, the shell of thy egg and its yolk, for <uLljj cl5
P
24. f^M> pass. 4 of *.sr, he was stifled by tears. 25. ^_j] S-'^
<U^jj Ju j , lit. the honey of Abu Zaid and his curdled milk, for his
truth and falsehood. 26. te^o is explained by the Beyrout edition
as <LLc^ i^-i-, taking the word in the sense of copious rain;
de Sacy renders it by <&Jb , which would coincide with the meaning
"direction." 27. Ltj+Zt, v.n. of ++*, pallidity and emaciation,
defacement. 28. *W*to \j[i t when, lo! it was he, according to the
19
290 ASSEMBLY XXXV.
U j ^jjj cjLSi L. jjl JJ
grammarians of Basrab, a popular solecism for j&> j& bli, as would
be the English " behold! he was him." Since Hariri was a native
of Basrah, it is more than probable that he shared this view ;
nevertheless he adopts the faulty phrase, partly because he aims
at a vivid portraiture of life, partly in order to remind the reader
of a mighty controversy on this very point between the rival schools
of Basrah and Kufah, the former, however, having the great gram-
marian Slbawaihi (see p. 183, n. 25) on their side. See Chenery's
Introduction to his Translation, vol. i. p. 73, and compare a similar
instance in Assembly XXXVII. below. 29. J..* ^ (4 of
comp. p. 42, 1. 10) = <U&jj {JM ^L t . 30. <^/b^, agent 6 of
31. & t j$o, for vr5?-k> ^he if being added on account of the pause,
o o t>
as it is done in words of one letter, e.g. x. for J, <ti for j (see
Gramm. p. 14). The metre of the verses is _.> .**>, as p. 32, n. 50.
32. (jj(e JhJ'b, an oldish spinster kept in her father's house, for
old wine, for the killing or "cutting down" of which see p. 262,
n. 132. 33. ^J\ t aor. 8 of . 34. JLoJH, pi. of *loJ, in the
or SHIRAZ. 291
<LJL*-N aLV^ ajjks'* ^^JcJl le J&
J cr
.-ja-)
LoJu ^ 5i alcUJi 4 j^j t JJ
" * X L
45 ot 1*d I - 44 c , o c M t o 43 i 1
^
Ic.
t o 1 JlJ
it
sense of fate. 35. <0^ , pi. of *\yb, air. 36. &-+^*, by poetical
license for <LL* further down, which, in its turn stands for
meaning a hundred denars or dirhams. 37. \j* (aor. 4 of
o c
jjA-JLi ;. 38. fL-^-s.-^^, serene, cloudless, for yielding no rain."
* <^ . ,
39. JJU , transfer (to the house of a husband), for giving in
marriage." 40. Jj^jl^aJ l^Ji JyuwiJ, then let him wash my care
with its soap, by the commentators said to mean wine, but here more
probably used for a comforting gift ; " although an intentional
allusion to the former meaning may lurk in the old reprobate's mind.
41. alj^ 9^-^? e tc., whose fragrance will spread along with my
prayers (<L-cb^, P 1 - of *Lc&). 42. JUzJ = JU 'IcJo. 43. j*J*,
^*- ^-
etc., he tucked up his skirt from a departing leg, i.e. for departure.
44. *&^- Z^j, the daughter reared in his chamber. 45.
292 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
j! j$j ^4! \*A\ ^ V.
lissi J l^ ? ^i^ u &u^
48
Jjl 4. 46. Ui jl J^L, with
the piercing or the sharp, i e. with lance or sword. Metre ujL*As^,
as p. 78, n. 50. 47. J^^-c c_^i r^J i <J> (jfi-^ y* c_' * AJ -*' ^^S .
48. ^J-c ^J ^ L h > , a glance from one who nourishes an attach-
ment, for "a glance of tender affection."
ASSEMBLY XXXYI. CALLED "OF MALTIYAH."
^^\ JIS
d.. * 5.11 <X ^-js^ e^vLtJS 9 -JtJl u^A^
JU l# ,J^i> Jj
5 M^)\ 4 ^ ^U l|J J jj
1. <L!LUw, Malttyah, also Maltiyah, a town in Mesopotamia, built
by Man?ur, A.H. 139. 2. J\jJsP = ^ ^ ^L>. 3. ^^^l J,^
J^y . 4. <_ ^U = a[p-U-. 5. *!j$ (inf. of ^y) =
OF MALTIYAH. 293
jfl 4 ^ "~- x ' : ;,>..'- l^tX*f l_^_*
j JI
Li!
i UlJ ^xU-j JI
J!
17 'l)Jl
6. u^Jbi| pi. of <Oin, necessaries for a journey, travelling
gear. 7. itfcj , a company of men, below ten in number ; if preceded
v . * ..
by a numeral the word is synonymous with ^j-uiJ or ^jis**. 8. ^5,
the modern word for coffee, has in the older language the meaning
of wine, in explanation of which word it is said : *j-|-i ^ g ,g, .7
10. J[s
11. A?-l5>-j^ = -Xs * iUj. 12.
the tenth of them, their number having previously been nine.
* **
13. kS**JL4*i, like the preceding ^^JJflJ*Jl for ci^-^, therefore
governing the accusative. 14. d^JLc *^-J^, sons of the same
father and different mothers (<*wLc, a woman whose husband had a
V
wife before, from J.e, to drink repeatedly). Similarly brothers from
the same mother by different fathers are called < _ >L^^ ***fij and sons
of the same father and mother, ^)Ui5i *l^ol . Here, however, the words
in the text mean simply a medley assembly, thrown together from
various deserts (t_ji^ JJ> , pi. of AM JJJ ; iftjUj pi. of *1). 15. <U^ (lit.
woof) = Lly. 16. ^^>u*i.!l AJm, union of kinship. 17. *|jjfflt|
the constellation of the Twins. 18. *]j-W -L^U^i ilXi)l, either
a grammatical simile, meaning a sentence whose constituent parts
are well proportioned to each other, or, according to Sherishi, a com-
parison taken from arithmetic, and meaning a number whose parts are
294 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
26
\4L: Jc,
congruous, i.e. one which can be divided into its fractions (half, third
of this, fourth of the result, and so on, without leaving a fractional
rest), the smallest number of which kind is 2520, thus divisible by the
primary numbers from 2 to 10. 19. -.l> , , pi. of ^2j , fragrant breezes,
here for eloquent speech, or accomplished scholarship. 20. L0j\L*,
inf. 3 of ^aji , converse, discussion. 21. ^bU^b j^Wr*, riddling by
interchange or substitution, something very much like our proposing
conundrums, as the following example will show. It will be ob-
served that in these riddles little account is taken of the <*- r >\Js-\ ,
as they are supposed to exhibit more the style of popular con-
versation than that of literary composition. 22. ciA* *fA\ <_)!* b,
what is like the phrase, sleep has died, i.e. departed, is gone ? The
answer is dA*!J3l, pi. of L*\j]\, in which |^3l is interchanged
for its synonym f^&H. 23. jJujp^ LjUAJ^, we began to display,
the following ^gL (see p. 179, n. 119) and^J standing for things
insignificant and brilliant, as cl/J-1 (shorn) and ^ (fruit) in the
next clause stand for good and bad, and similar opposites of obvious
application are t-^-jU, new, and C->j, worn out, old, ( j**~ t fat,
and v-i^vc, lean, in the subsequent qarinah. 24. ~>j J***- , synonyms
for beauty and comeliness. 25. >-*-**^ rf-^t knowledge and ex-
perience. 26. Jl* = L*jlii L_^*SIJ] (the corroborative inf.
OF MALTIYAH. 295
> U
A!
30
to be translated as stands"). 27. />* i> ^is* ;2:: ^, despair became
apparent, i.e. ' it became obvious that no more was to be hoped
for." 28. ff , f^ , one who draws water at the top of the
well, and one who fills his bucket at its bottom respectively, for
whom see an amusing proverb in Frey tag's edition of Haidani,
i. 111. 29. *\Aj~a j b, etc., "not every thing black is a date,
nor is every thing ruddy wine," proverbial expressions for error in
opinion or judgment, and difference in nature and disposition (Ar.
Prov. ii. 627). 30. J^U *bjjl j^, "with the clinging of
the chameleon to the trees," which never leaves one branch of a
tree before having taken hold with his fore-feet of another, whence
the proverb *Ujr! (j~* (*/^> more cautious than the chameleon
(Ar. Prov. i. 399). 31. (j^Wr ^\ , subj. pass, of t> />^>- ; the phrase
is again proverbial (Ar. Prov. i. 7), and refers here to the stranger's
sarcastic remark, by which he had wounded the susceptibilities of
? \ 9
the company. 32. ^jj^\ .j = ^s\ ,ytxj (another explanation
\ P ^"~ \
is jj^^ ^^y? " thou shouldst widen the rent, or dJs-^sM, the
o
wound"). The preceding _ JLJ, thou shouldst prosper, be at ease,
remain safe, which corresponds with the following -r-^^ , thou
shouldst go off scot-free, is omitted in de Sacy, although it seems
296 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
i U
35
37
JjJUJ! ^ ^> ^ J^jJt WJb JLC
U 40 J^j c^lla3 J^^ e^3j^ aJ LUJ
l lil Jxlt JUi 41 c^U
o \ +
necessary to preserve the parallelism of the qarinah. 33.
pret. 10 of ,y. 34. cij^s)! 4 ^b-^ (^>-> allusion to Qur'an,
xxi. 78, 79. 35. J^*-i>, wine (see n. 8 above), thus called either
because it gathers the drinkers sociably together (J^-i), or as
p
having been cooled by the north wind (comp. <L!^*A^, p. 189,
o .
n. 66), and feminine, as a synonym of the fern. -X>-. 36. Li-JD
(pret. 3 of ( ^AJ) = cu-AJl^.. 37. kiLlJl L^^jblj (pret. 3 of ,<^)
= $^\ d-JjU. 38. kLo, a casket or box in which perfumes
and the like are kept. 39. j\, apoc. aor. of ^\j. 40. j, imp. of
J-. 41. c^Uis-USl Ja^. 4$;^l^*=JJV^\ r a ur ,
43. j^ b, etc., metre c^^*, as p. 12, n. 55. The first puzzle
~ f
is to find a word resembling the phrase jllj *X*\ f^T* hunger is
helped (relieved) by provision. In the short commentary to this
Assembly the answer is : _._^^i? ^JJuJ jUj 3^1 c y>- U^ , as for
hunger is relieved by provision, its like is^-^^L (pi. of jyJb , book,
roll, volume) = ^j^s (hunger) +^^ (pass, of ,y*, is provided for).
OF MALTIYAH. 297
In the following notes I shall give from this commentary the lead-
ing words with their explanation, the latter within inverted commas,
if proffered by Hariri himself, and its subsequent perusal will serve
to the student as a test whether he has fully mastered the contents
of the text. 44. ^c &~\J$b (metre (J^z!s*, as before), aback
looked at askance, looked at with the evil eye, resembles ^-xlk,* (pi.
of ^Uk^ , one skilled in the use of the lance) = Ho* (back) + ( j^c.
(pass, of ( j^s- ) injuring with the evil eye). 45. ^p^- t)jAJ , current
coin, coin of ready course." Metre J^*^, as p. 35, n. 80. 46.
^J-jl^- ( t>\-0, he met with a present, resembles <LL?LJ1 (what
separates, opposed to .LLsl. , what joins together : a large pearl or
jewel intervening between smaller ones ; in prosody a foot of two or
three moved letters followed by a silent one, see Gramm. p. 293)
ar^JLM (pret. 4 of JJL), he found, met with) + <*-!-* (a gift).
47. k-Ji^wu^ (10 of la-J), etc., one who brings out the hidden mean-
ing of riddles and obscure speech. Metre ji\j, 2nd ^jj/c, 2nd
L- -* .-"3 ; \^s s^^/ \-s **~/^s . ^^ <~'^' SiX 48.
> - ^X I S/ ' ^_ N.' I
J^LxJ, take a thousand denars, resembles
298
V.
55 U U 54 cJ UJ
(f em. of jU , a leading animal ; the neck) = Ifc (particle with the
sense of a verb, take !) + L J , the blood-geld for murder, the amount
of which is here assumed to be a thousand gold pieces. 49. \'&$,
such a one, whoever thou mayst be, formed after the analogy of
jl, for which see Gramm. p. 159. Metre J^^, as n. 45 above.
al-Yaziji, in his critical letter to de Sacy, has here overshot
himself, in reading *!3J^ lek*, in accordance with the rules of the
vocative (see Gramm. p. 277). The two words are, however, no
longer to be considered as governed by the particle l> , but merely
as apposition to the preceding nominative .ytJJIi. 50. <uL>- J-*^,
he neglected adornment, resembles <-... LxJ! (fern, of ^-iaUll, what
covers, title of chapter Ixxxviii. of the Qur'an, where it means
resurrection ; in popular parlance, a saddle-cloth) = UJl (pret. 4 of
j*J , he disregarded) + <Li (v.n. of .gt>j , embellishment, finery).
51. e^jJtfc, pret. pass, in the sense of a precative, and put in as
a parenthesis. 52. ^j-* , term, goal, range, here for mental
capacity. Metre J-*^, as p. 131, n. 69. 53. i_6<\ t ate 1 , imp.
of k s&, hold in! hold in, resembles <U,|^ (a desert) = <U (particle
OF MALTIYAH. 299
e^&J 3
^ l>
U 1 j U* C&J ^ U
J't 1 \\ \ \\ \\
Ub gg^yl Jti
in tlie sense of a verb, stop! for which see p. 187, n. 44) + JU (the
^
same repeated for the sake of emphasis). 54. u^-Jj I*, thou hast
not ceased (or mayst not cease) to be, for thou hast always been
(or mayst always be). Metre V? ?-"-., 3rd <jojj-, 2nd <-_. /^p :
-^ ^/ s^ -- twice. 55. c^--Li\ ^^--JLuJl, the
(uterine) brother has fled, resembles .UocOi (pi. of^kri-, danger) =
j$\ (the brother) + J U? (pret. of ^, he flew, took to flight). 56.
,Uj^i <L)j-LL*, have flowers on which the dew has fallen. The
metre of this and the following two couplets is J-*^, as n. 52 above.
M U)|O.. *!
57. <u^=J jUx_=U) L<, he chose not silver, resembles <Li,ul (pi. of
^j^-j^ , a pitcher, ewer)= ^ (he refused, rejected) + 4J^, small
coin, here taken as a synonym of silver. 58. <LcL*,:>- JH<^, tread
upon the company, resembles iL*JU? (fern, of <-JLk, what floats
upon the water) = LL (imp. of Ll?j, with the same meaning as the
? t .
preceding -^ J, imp. of (jw^) + ^44 (by metrical license for <Lx.s,
troop, assembly). 59. *-jC^* JJb, he shook me by the shoulder.
60. .fff'l (aor. 4 of ^4^) = J^.- 61 - *3&i~**\) L J^ lUJl,
62. c^Js-^ i<^^ > m 7 uncle be silent, resembles <LaJUi- (fern, of
300 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
i-, pure, sincere) = Jl=- (apocopated from the preceding
t< c o,
-f <Us (synonymous with <i, n. 53). 63. L^-J^Jt, pret. 4 of
\>*
I have given you to drink a first time, opposed to J^c and
y ** 9
making to drink repeatedly. 64. Jli, pi. of <uLc=
65. -jljwuyj jj^ (aor. 10 of ^Jl) = <L-*_j>-l^ _L
66. <UJ.<^ <4 <^-i-X-, his fat or butter is put into his own dainty
food (*JJia= (*^^^* f*^ 5 )? or ^ s butter is (remains) in his earthen
pail (*J<^ = <<=*%> which is explained as an earthen vessel in which
the milk is put for buttering). In either case the proverb is ap-
plied to a person who keeps his good things to himself, without
letting others benefit thereby. 67. <Jd! = *laJ^ <jjxj\ tJ Jh
Metre b.***.;, as n. 54 above. 68. <J_-lj *X=-, take this one (fern.),
resembles ujCjlfc (fern, of the demonstrative pronoun tjj^jlto, see
Gramm. p. 156) = U (particle with the meaning of a verb, take!)
+ d-Cj (fern, of cl/^J, Gramm. p. 155). 69. ^Lj , explanation,
here taken in its technical sense of science of rhetoric, eloquence.
a
Metre Jj^,, as p. 103, n. 17. 70. l^Jj ^^ j^*-> a wild ass was
adorned (t^J: by poetical license for ^Jj, pret. pass. 2 of ^j),
resembles ^.\\^ (pi. of djj** ^ e Q. ucei1 i Q the game of chess) =
OF MALTIYAH. 301
~ rt . * <^ _ i - : \ i . * ^ it'j IT
J 1
J\
i^ u
J jJl is
a _ S
Li (onager) + ^j (pret. pass, of the primitive verb). 71.
pret. 4 of =>-) , te winked or blinked. 72. ^*4^pl , tne celebrated
grammarian, for whom see p. 43, n. 52. Metre (J~*o, as n. 45.
V. u .Vt
73. -^Ju ^Ui} spend (on thy friends) and thou will conquer (thy
(enemies), resembles *,..".* (agent 8 of *JLJ , one who revenges
himself ) = ^ (imp. of ^y*, procure provisions) + ^&j (aor. of Jfj,
thou wilt subdue). 74. ^^ = Jx&J*. Metre ci^is'*, as n. 43.
75. <t^(X* ,^\ ^LLl**1, sniff in the perfume of wine, resembles
p\rM (wide, spacious, abundant) = ^1 (imp. of _^, smell !) + ^.^
(one of the names of wine). 76. a j_iJ = <Xcbui . Metre J-^o, as
n. 52. 77. iJUub ^LC, shield the ruined, pi. of CXllfc, resembles
j-oL2? (an isolated date-tree with weak roots ; for various other
meanings see Dictionary) = ^o (imp. of ^^e , guard ! protect !) -f
302 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
J\
4 f l -^
80^ ... c c 1 i a 1
^jLJuX* V/
j
81
U
V.
1 j U
(pi. of ^Jlj, undone, doomed to destruction, for which see
Qur'an, xlviii. 12). 78. *;U JUJb jL, he travelled a while
at night, resembles gf***^ (pi. of ^lj>-Jl..j, a wolf) = ^j^j (he
performed a night-journey) 4- jj-^- (time). Metre u_i*i>-, as p. 94,
o *" ..
n. 88. 7.9. 4JJ~, for <tJJj, the pronoun referring to the preceding
*5p. Metre <^-s", as p. 12, n. 55. 80. JLJf^y 4-^ love
M "
a coward, meant of course ironically, resembles ^wU (a sling) =
(imp. of ^^, love!) + c^ (timid, timorous). 81. \j~*3 (pret. 5 of
The metre of this and the following couplet is
, as p. 131, n. 69. 82. *&*> -fe ObJ! Lj\, give a pitcher
^ f
that appears without a handle, resembles <-j>ylio\ (flowing, poured
out; full stream) = (J**\ (imp. of ^^ , present! bestow!) -f <-r>^
(a large mug without a handle). 83. .JX* j^\ , the bullock is my
OF MALTIYAH. 303
b Jls,
property, resembles J ]! (pi. of SjJjJ , pearl) = ^ J! (the wild ox)
+ ^ (dat. of the pronoun of the first person, " to me," for mine.' 1
Notice in this question and answer the Arabic idioms for our
?*
possessives). 84. L jU = <-*-3 **l*i. Metre
o _
1st L_-J : v , ^,
,
twice. 85.
-JL0
the whistling of a lip, resembles &Ljx< (inf. 3 of fc_A, explanation;
showing hostility, see p. 285, n. 107)= *&* (whistling through the
fingers, a word occurring in the Qur'an, viii. 35) + <LsL$ (the lip
in general, while <L\J^sr^ is, properly speaking, the lip of a beast
of burden). 86. <U 11> , aor. of p, which governs by the preposition
c->, " discloses it." 87. c-o iu* fo , reading of de Sacy and my MS.,
for which the native editions have <uL>oU, in the first meaning of
the word given in n. 85. 88. U*M), etc., " we belong not to the
steeds of this race-course, and we have no hands for the untying
of these knots," two proverbial expressions for : "we are not equal
to the task" (see Ar. Prov. ii. 644, 493). 89. ui~&\ ,U, "so if
thou wilt explain," etc. For the use of the preterite in the sense
of the aorist after ^1 compare Gramm. p. 169, last paragraph.
o
90. <0^uA), his two minds, i.e. his mind for and against; <0l=*-iw,
his two arrows, i.e. of consent or refusal, in accordance with
a custom of the Arabs of the Ignorance to consult arrows inscribed
partly with 'i am bidden" (to do this), partly " I am forbidden."
91. ^jct, household utensils, here for gift or boon. 92.
304 ASSEMBLY XXXVI.
Jyb Uj
(I 97
I o
\ { "-.u.*
Jls
etc., allusion to Qur'an, ii. 146. 93. <0 ^j = <U ^i ; the
<tf .. C. 'T O .
following <*JJ^i (pi. of t jjj) = jjJLc*. 94. c^vJl, pret. of ^L}^ ,
lit. returned, here used as one of the sister verbs of ^Jv, and therefore
v v
governing the accusatively'. 95. (j-i-i', apoc. aor. of ,f^~z, in the
sense of a preterite on account of *1. 96. J , .^\ , to be read with
fathah after ,_, on account of the metre, which is J-*j, as p. 71,
n. 69. 97. *l^xL*= >JlA; J1^ = Jh-S>U. 98. ^-JSil = J-~! .
99. t^JjJLfcl, pret. 12 of (^j.r. 100. ^Jt)l, comp. of ^yJ, the
lowest, meanest, "least." 101. j*3 Uj =^U^J^ ^^ *;U- t*J.
102. -iLj, f-^-tf, like %~AJ, ^-^-5, and %-JL-o, are synonymous with
OF MALT1YAH. 305
-j
U
*U\ ^A.^ tlfl jU- ^-^J J!
,
jj '^^
103. uJU j_jj ajjjl (J, "the ij (from j^, coined money,
a dirham) contains the fourth part of the legal tenth or tithe on arable
land" (the taxed unit being the v -~.>.r>-). 104. c^oAi U>1, etc.,
" if thou callest (i.e. usest the vocative) in construction with thyself
(i.e. annexing the pronominal suffix of the first person), thou art
allowed to apocopate the ^ (<J^>-), or to retain it, either silent
or moved U-." 105. \\ uJ^ **~^\ J* a11 S ame
20
306 ASSEMBLY XXXVlI.
l
J \
^ *?^^ ^^ 4 ir^ ^
is contained in the belly of the wild ass, a saying which has become
proverbial, and for which comp. Ar. Prov. ii. 316. 106. *\C*)l <J> (Ji?^ ,
the original spelling of *oL^ is with maddah (*UL*), but is shortened
in the puzzle, as the original hamzah of *^i is dropped in n. 70 above,
either of which curtailments is allowable.
ASSEMBLY' XXXVII. CALLED "OF SA'DAH."
Llki jj Ulj ^A^up 1 CDbuup! J15
1 . j A*-5 , the town Sa dah, situated sixty parasangs distant from
Sana' in C^jo^r Yaman, whence the preceding verb d?ax^ (see
p. 240, n. 6) is to be taken in its literal sense : I ascended, travelled
up to. It was renowned for the preparation of leather, and pro-
verbial for the beauty of its women, of which Ibn Batutah renders
a marvellous account. 2. *AJu? CJ\JO , daughters of Sa'dah, a name
OF SA'DAH. 307
given to the South African wild ass or zebra, as resembling the
above-mentioned women in beauty and graceful agility. 3. j,la^
Si^JJl (pi. of jljF^ and L_J\; respectively), the knowing ones of
the reporters, " the most competent informants." 4. i L^ (for
i>\y*j, pi. of (I?j~>, a noble lord), is spelt in de Sacy erroneously
with zammah, which, however, is evidently a misprint, as he quotes
in his commentary the statement of Jauhari, that Jjyj is the only
instance of a word of the measure ^-^ , which forms the plural
in 4.1*3, the usual plural of words of the measure jjAi. Moreover,
he gives the word correctly in the Fifth Assembly, where it also
occurs, p. 56 of the second edition. In Assembly XXXIII. p. 96,
o
n. 9, we have met with the pi. of this pi. which is UL^u^i. 5. ^^-,
with any of the three short vowels in the first syllable, a fire-
brand, to guide in the dark, a beacon-light." 6. x^*, bravery,
a -
power, succour, a tower of strength." 7. e^*3 , pass, of L^-~*; .
8. ^ljjj\ ^~a^ = JU!^-^ jyi^L-x*. 9. ^-j^J, descended
from Tamim bin Add, whose progeny, the Banu Tamim, were cele-
brated for their generous disposition. 10. /*U31, inf. 4 of lJ,
visiting, vulg. dancing attendance upon. 11. >*UcM, inf. 4 of
"+ZT , allowing a horse rest by not riding him, here being chary
I t Q
in visiting," in the sense of Muhammad's saying: \1~ bJJJ ^jj*
visit inter mittingly that thou make thyself the more beloved.
12. tiye ^Jutf, the echo of his voice, i.e. answering to his call
instantly, or, as another popular idiom puts it, quicker in his
308 ASSEMBLY XXXVII.
16 | A t A 15 % V 1 A Vi 14 c A i <i . c/ ...0,13 i V
*jjj jUoj^ i'j^-ljU^li _* c^iij <u..j
1 c 18 o II c c \\ o, . 17 ct
"' * * *^ 5 ** * 3 *^' JUs
IJJb
service than the son of the mountain" (meaning again the echo).
13. ^L*J j, name of a Persian, who professed Islam in the first
year of the Hijrah, and became henceforth one of the most inti-
mate associates of Muhammad, who considered him as a cherished
member of his household. 14. *\g/l.!i jl^x-l^ = ^* J^xjJl ^\^^\
<0!LsM. 15. Jo,, name of a fragrant tree, the inhaling of whose
perfume, like the preceding simile, stands for enjoying the Cadi's
o
liberality. 16. y>-lu^, pi. of -js^*-*, place or time of contention.
f "
17. j*\ c^-, I was mediating. 18. *j*6jd\ j /^ax*J\ = ^jJJi
U^MklLMti X^- v^^lc ^ (the unoffending and the offender, the
* ** J \
plaintiff and the defendant). 19. jLsr 5 ! (inf. 4 of Jy*-) = jiil
+L-s\. 20. ^LxJjiJl c^^V conspicuous with trembling, i.e. "of
shaky appearance." 21. JjfVl ,c>^> the intimation of a hint.
22. i_jiUi-l, pi. of c_aJL^, teats; <_J)L>> , contradiction. 23. !j|.
,jsf! c^jp:^, if I speak plain Arabic, he speaks outlandishly, il
I speak plainly, he gibbers." 24. jj, he throws (the roast meat)
into the ashes, allusion to a popular saying (Ar. Prov. i. 657),
OF SA'DAH. 309
! j^l J13 4]^ 25 <u ^jlj <d\ K-i U U
28
31
Ii ^ Uj U
applied to one who spoils that which has been done well. 25
<U < 9jJo\ may have for its JxLj (subject) either the preceding
Ic^puLH, in which case it is to be explained with the Beyrout
, a
edition, A_s^.LJlj ,*&>lj'i (Preston translates "represented it to those
around him as an extraordinary case") ; or the following <&1U>-
when, in accordance with de Sacy's commentary, it means t
^
**J0\t they said how strange it is (comp. p. 190, n. 67, and Gramm.
p. 278). As the latter interpretation seems more in keeping with
the Arabic idiom, I adopt it, and render "those around him were
amazed at it." 26. ^jilXil! &s*-\, " one bereavement of twain," since
by disobedience children are as much, if not more, lost to their
parents than by death, or in the words of a proverb JJo jj^JiJLJt
iJ._i_> d ^~+ , disobedience (experienced from children) is the be-
V. a
reavement of him who is not bereft (Ar. Prov. ii. 92). 27. *AC c_>,
^.jjuuj jj\, "barrenness oftentimes is more cooling to the eye"
(supply: than children, which are endearingly called ,j-?-*^ *J-J ,
coolness of the eye, but frequently become an eyesore by their
disobedience). 28. ^a-*J*\ (4 of ^jt^t] = t*^-*ic! . 29. d^J*^ ,
L^*l , pret. 2 and 4 of ^\ , I said, Amen, I affirmed, respectively.
30. .c-*J, he pronounced the words LLX^J' ^ am rea ^7 ^ or thy
service, preliminary to the undertaking of the Pilgrimage. 31.
UU-s^roU, I put on the pilgrim's cloak, thereby declaring my
willingness to join him. 32. sJiH ^^ is**"^ c^ > ^ one w ^
310 ASSEMBLY XXXVII.
37
!?. r> * .
39 .o .o . c\ M 1^1^ . o . o * X .o . 38
? jJ <J
craves for the egg of the hawk, whose nest is inaccessible in the
mountain peaks. This is the more plausible explanation than "the
egg of the male hawk," as in most of the poetical passages adduced
in support of the simile, allusion to the nest is made. There is,
however, one quotation in which the egg of the hawk is used in
connection with jj^JL*J\ <jy$l!, " the barren piebald horse" (m.),
with evident reference to the sex, when the former phrase would
be equivalent with LlJooJl <* A ^ > , the cock's egg. 33. \aJiJLj\,
subj. 5 of la*! , lit. I should roll my tongue over the remainder
of the food" (see p. 37, n. 16), here, I should ply my tongue (in
o ((
begging). 34. -*^sl>j, etc., and what was broken in his fortunes,
might be set again." 35. tLxL* = t- xl\ _J^/ ; <U^i* = %-^>y*
L-^Ull (de Sacy reads here 4--.jc*, which has the same meaning
o ~
but interferes with the m,..^). 36. <ui ^jJJ ^ = ^UJ ^-1 ^ ;
<U^j$ ^sC = *jk~> <UL0. 37. <CjJ for a^jJ, with silent U, as
in the corresponding end-rhymes of the lines following, whereby the
final syllable becomes overlong, the metre being _J ;,~j, 1st ^jOj^z,
1st t_ ^>, 'as p. 19, n. 41. 38. *U-, .^Wr , imp. and aor. 3 of
OF SA'DAH. 311
1 41 <<. 7 Nt
v_^ .-. > . .
^^ -S f
48 L UJ1
^-K^>- respectively. 39. ^tA-lJ, the matted hair on the shoulders
and croup (hence the dual in the text) of the lion, of which the
proverb runs iX-j^Ji *JyJ ^+ -<-^+\ , more unapproachable than the
^"^ ^ ta " 9
mane of the lion (Ar. Prov. ii. 714). 40. /J-*-^ tcA?^* "those
\>
endued with purpose," allusion to Qur'an, xlvi. 34. 41. vJ $,
prohib. 4 of <_>. To spill the water of the face is a metaphorical
expression for "to demean one's self." 42. ulxi^>. (pret. 2 of
J^) = cl/lk^ j^ uXL. 43. LI j Jki , is hurt by a mote (^.f^t
. O . . O ^
which is noun and infinitive). 44. JP^'i <j*^ > pret. and aor.
4 of <jl>- respectively, the former used in a neutral, the latter
in a transitive sense. 45. lJ , brocade, embroidered gold-stuff ;
^LoJ, cheek, the fretting of which in the dust of supplication
is an idiom of the same meaning as that in note 41 above. 46. J!a>,
he growled, from^yb, the barking or yelping of a dog. 47. ic^t
^ijJ^> , both verbal nouns, are synonyms for choking, and meta-
phorically used for anxiety and grief. 48. cLi = <UjL^ (inf. 3 of
_*^, in the sense of cl*:?-. For this phrase, which expresses the
same idea as the one coupled with it, see Ar. Prov. ii. 325).
49. Li^oXs^, etc., the scorpion has rubbed itself against the snake,
and the weanlings (JL-aJ, pi. of J * ..? :} have coursed along
312 ASSEMBLY XXXVII.
l U
JlS U 4 M u^
bj^ JUb ''
JiS
even with the stallions (,^c/ , pi. of f-J/), two proverbs applied,
as a marginal note of my MS. tersely says, ^* ^^-u^ Uo i^'V. ej^
, to him who attempts a task to which he is not equal. 50.
, v.n. from JKJ. 51. L:LaJ\ < ^ = J\j^^ c^U-^^l^Ui.
o A
52. .jilLrf), pass. 10 of ..ij, an exception is made (in behalf of),
for which some MSS. read U&*"*) they are allowed, referring to
the popular saying ci>! .^lis 1 ^! 7^-^ L 5 \; j jr^^ necessities permit
things forbidden, somewhat akin to our necessity knows no law.
53. .<-J^> pret. 3 of ^-^. 54. ^Axiu 51, energetic prohib. of
Joe. Metre ia~wj, as p. 19, n. 41. 55. *L-^^, pi. of J^i ; the
preceding ,Xc, imp. 2 of ^J^c, has here the meaning "turn aside
from," with elision of its original object cL&Jfc, thy care, purpose,
mind. 56. JLJ <-lljuj v^Lj-J ^U, etc., for if thy hands are
OF SA'DAH. 313
, jl\ JjS JL; ULN ^ ^ l*ij J15
UT
60
?j^ r UJl JUJ JjiN ^. U ^^ Jyb U ^iJ
U J_jl) **lJ-*1 \J\j 6 ^-f^J -
? A-J
moistened with it, thy gain may prosper thee, taking the verb as
passive, with evident allusion to the phrase A-+^\ ^AJ , moisture
of the hand, for liberality, and implying, that the acquisition of
wealth will prosper its possessor, if he makes use of it for the
benefit of others. The verb is, however, also read with fafhah, in
which case it is active, meaning if thy hands conquer, i.e. obtain
it, thou mayst be wished joy to thy victory. 57. j<?*r\ ) ic**^'
Musa and al-Khazir, more commonly called al-Khizr, for whom and
the incident here alluded to, see Qur'an, xviii. 76. 58.
1 ** \ * lH
fern, of ^L*AC, irate, wrathful. 59. ^f>~\ LLUU..JJ i-^
Tamimi at one time and Qaisi at another. The accusative is
governed by an elided verb : showest thou thyself, etc., and the
meaning of the phrase is, displayest thou at one time the lofty dis-
position of the tribe Tamim, at another the baseness of the tribe
Qais (comp. n. 9 above). 60. J^_xJ\, a female goblin, who deludes
travellers by changing her appearance at will, and well known to
of
the readers of the Arabian Nights. 61. c^--uJi, pass. 4 of ^MJ ,
9 ^"^
j V / f
I have been made forgetful. 62. ^ = _^Ji-jL* ; *-j ' == ^..j^
(originally applied to camels, here to a gift readily bestowed).
a o
63. -a-fJj pi. of *j-5p, grist, metaphorically for bounty (comp.
314
ASSEMBLY XXXVII.
p. 104, n. 21). 64. U, take; X^, stop! see p. 187, n. 44). 65.
. ^ ...i *b\jsJ\ ^, along with the missing arrows there is
one that hits, meaning that sometimes even a miser may have a fit
of generosity (Ar. Prov. ii. 625). 66. J i^Je U, etc., he was
not slow to set his net and to hake his fish before the fire, accord-
ing to a note in my MS. two proverbs of modern origin for using
stratagem, the former self-evident, the latter arising from a thief,
on seeing a fire, walking up to it with the purpose of stealing, if
an opportunity offered, but when surprised, pretending he had come
b
to hake his fish by it. 67. <*y0j, name of a mountain in the
neighbourhood of Medinah. Metre j-Jj , as p. 146, n. 29. 68.
jj^LH)^ (Tf*^> like the manna and the quails, allusion to Qur'an,
ii. 54; vii. 160; xx. 82. 69. QjJkrLu^ ^-^-^. ^ = *Jpv. ^
c *~?
UisrL*u. 70. -lAJ^, L5 xJ\, aor. 7 and 4 respectively of ,^J
71. L ** = <L>**. 72. i\ pi. of A-. 73. Jps Ji5, before
OF SA'DAH. 315
jU!l c^jJ * J l3 x
testing (the wood) by chewing, to see whether it is hard enough to
be fashioned into a stron bow. 74.
^ i
Jj (comp. Gramm. p. 232, 2). 75. jU- = J^-j JjJ . 76.
o ,5^^ laill, a highly idiomatical expression, not found in
ancient Arabic poetry, but introduced into the language by the
Qur'an (vii. 148), and indicating bitter repentance, which makes
people bite their fingers. The passive, which grammatically refers
to .AW i logically refers to Jo, as being fallen into by the head
of the repenting person. The phrase, however, has given rise to
o
much controversy, into which we cannot enter here. 77. JL>- =
* ?
78. *Jou for s Joo . Metre -J./-, as n< ^7 above. 79.
(pret. 12 of < _ j^) = < _ ij=s?\ (he turned away). 80.
t I might know the tree of his fire, for ' his origin
and character," alluding to the proverb (Ar. Prov. ii. 207, 256),
jUftlij rj*^ JMfS*"*" 1 ^ l3 y^ 9 <Ji <J>, i n every tree is fire, but the
Markh and the 'Ufar excel (in yielding fire when rubbed, or feeding
it when kindled, so much so that frequently trees of these kinds are
set aflame by their friction brought about by the wind). 81. <jJ,
pi. of &jd, what clings to one, attachment, tie. 82. ^1*^1^ (like
316 ASSEMBLY XXXVIII.
the synonymous ^slri-, sing, and pi.) = jjJlsi-. 83. <Llls:^ ib =
84. < j t^>-.b^ ,*^Lj=iLij ^ (taken from game
which is called ^Ls, if coming from the left, and turning its right
to the hunter, which is considered by most Arabs to portend good,
while jb means the reverse, and is said to augur evil. According
to Sherlshl the people of Najd regard the former as an ominous, the
latter as an auspicious, sign; comp. p. 208, n. 23). 85. ul&.j,
here is for thee, or, as we would say, "let me introduce to thee."
86. JI-iJl ^j\ 3J*-J *J, he did not go beyond laughing, "he only
laughed." 87. U>$ilc here "their identity."
ASSEMBLY XXXVIII. CALLED "OF MERV."
J^
> V \ " \t \ ? '
<\Jk^f ; uV^*Jl* iJLC
1. JU1 i^-^Ijv., it had been made dear to me, "l was made to
love." 2. ^j*i ijl^vftj tXA, since my pen sputtered, for "since I
knew how to write," an ambiguous phrase (Jji also= _^J), which
allows of the interpretation, since I had reached puberty." 3.
f
acr*, foraging, seeking for a pasture-ground, metaphorically for
OF MERV. 317
pursuit." 4. jto^ (for which the Beyrout edition, evidently by
misprint, has .UdL\), pi. of J^^-- The Bulaq edition makes in the
text the same mistake, but renders in the commentary the word
correctly by -U]_t. 5. iiyo ,^Jo c^?b x> , I clutched his stirrup,
o
a proverbial expression for which see Arab. Prov. i. 660. 6. mJj
i^-^vLLJ^ ^*\f+ *W^> a PP^yi n g pitch to the places were scab begins
to show (in a camel), also proverbial (Ar. Prov. iii. P. i. p. 541)
for being well grounded in a matter, and knowing how to treat it.
7. ^A^\ J?j4Ja^\ ^ j~^> swifter in changes (pi. of 4-UL>) than
the moon, which moves from one sign of the Zodiac to the other
in two days and a third. Another reading is JJL)t 4> swifter than
the moon on her second three nights (the first three being called
.7
, -i), her swiftness, meaning her earliness in setting during those
nights. 8. yb tCJJ\, etc, which (travel) is of man's chastisement,
a traditional saying of Muhammad's recorded by Malik (|A.H. 179)
in his U?y, one of the oldest collections of Traditions. 9. L^-^-jjLiJ
o
= ^-UUAJJ e^-1* . (lit. I threw myself, for I was thrown, I had
strayed). 10. *, Marw, now Merv, a large town of Khurasan,
called the mother of that country. As the people of Khurasan
are renowned for their stinginess, it is not surprising that the in-
habitants of the mother-town are said to excel in it all the rest of
the world. As an instance it is related, that a merchant of Merv,
318
ASSEMBLY XXXVIII.
instead of allowing Ms son to eat cheese, made him rub his bread
against the glass cover under which it was kept. In the title of
this Assembly Hariri uses the regular form of the relative noun
$*S*, in preference to the more usual ^\j*, probably for ^Ji^,
derived from j-^V*, an older name of Merv (compare my Com-
prehensive Persian Dictionary," p. 1217). 11. . .* \i \\ j-^r\, the
rousing of birds, i.e. the augury taken from the direction of their
o
flight, when roused by a shout. 12. j~J~, dust, for which others
Vi ..V
read A-.^, a slight or feeble trace. 13. w^jjp'j v^i> pret. 7 of
- i
^: and %-+-* respectively, are synonymous with ^JLx_ri-i, dis-
appeared, vanished. 14. .jJ~j=jLj. 15. ( jlX^=y^-iJi JjJjj ;
jL = ^jl/iJ j ; .{ . 16. JhL>- = jul>- (j^ J^s^^ with the
disposition of a flatterer, i.e. with insinuating manners"). 17.
c^JjJ, c^*-j, pret. pass, in the sense of precatives. 18. L^-OJ
<U = to cj ^ft U7j <u cu^la-J (the verb originally means to mark
a sheep by attaching to it a flock of wool of a different colour).
19. \j!j, see p. 273, n. 49. 20. **3, pi. of <&, bounties; **j ,
cattle. 21. /*, pi. of ^V^- , in the sense 1 of *.&.1, honour,
OF MERV. 319
>-!j v^Jic. Ll;
i, <?! _J
I ' ' -*
<L>-jij <Lju>--j <L;~:u
*-* vi 26 ** V *"* i ^* ** i ! 9*i*
<!UcJ. (^z>\z>- ..f** aJtJj cl5y=sT -< (J^' iL-ji, aJl>-. JL:*- :\J
^.1 t 29 cl 28 1 1 1 ^ i s i . i i u> 1 1 27 i & i i . V , V i
C-^s^ t J c_^c>-jlJ jJjlLJl jjjb^j jJjlALJl jJ^Ljt jJ^ii-Jl jj-*^ V2)).
C!3* ^ J 31 clT^ ^^ ^^ d^^ l ^ 3 c>^l- ^A^
j\&\s &*.\&\ ^ ^\j u^J )! c^b ^ w ^bj! ^
u>~-*-iJ! Jj 33 JU^D- ^ j-lj ^ A^,^ ^ j^ U <dJ!y tl^^-U-j
respect, regard due to a person ; 2. of /MdC*, relations, by con-
sanguinity, aninity, or fosterage, between whom marriage is un-
lawful. This is the reading and interpretation of my MS., and
appears more subtle than the reading y*~ in the second clause, in the
signification of Harem. 22. J^w^c. = tf ^\+s2\ <J ail! A*JtJ ..^ ; jU^c
^ > L^
= <LLl! juc^Cj j^* ; the following verbs as far as Jj v ".^.V , are
passives. 23. c-J^Ji!! J^_xJ = JU1! ^.iJlj ^l^x^-ji!! jjo . 24.
c_A<ix!c.!, inf. 4 of L_-vlo:, being rich in vegetation, for wealth.
25. _ :lj = J^-*-)O ; _. :! i. = ( V*--- J (^. broken down like a jaded
* ( " i .. v
camel). 26. 4_xi5 = d^.b. cUlai (lit. an out-pour) ; <LxJ,, an eleva-
tion, rise, lift. 27. J5L>>, pi. of *Ju-)^. 28. J512H JjlJ = *lkc
^^Ul! (the first J5li standing for Jjt). 29. c-^o-j!, ^0^,
imp. 4 and aor. 1 of c-^s^ (the former in the sense of answer
my claim on thee," i.e. grant me). 30. ^^J^!^, etc., see Qur'an,
xxviii. 77. 31. C/lJrt =j *\ (comp. p. 315, n. 74). 32. j\^\
(pret. 8 of j-j)=j1j; ^^*! (ditto of
(ditto of .-^) = ^-Mi! c_-^il. 33.
320 ASSEMBLY XXXV1T1.
j, "^ Jfl u-^Jj d~^ fJ t-^i J 36 4^> (J S^
A! Jc^J <LoLkJ jjjfc Jjo ^j! iJV^ S*^*"!? <UuJiJ
i ^ t 42 V i t ^ l i 41 |* i . 40
J^; u*-^.") a^iji u^ubAJLrfij iJ^j *^}i-*i s? sfti^. Jr 5 ^'
44i . fe A h l . ~ 43 v t .1 ct c .o
jj _j
,! JU
iij J (the verb, usually intransitive, is here used transitively).
34. jjlc=joli (comp. the English return," in the sense of
profit). 35. jlc = ULsLjj L^JjU. 36. J^fi 1- ( a P c - aor - of
y?
c-^Jfe) = u-fl^T ; 2. subj. of c-^fcj) = <L^ L5 ^- 37 - &^cJS\ =
iX^yi U >P*J, 38. <Uuij -i-^k^ = iUuA) 4j c.^.kj' t* . 39. (sUkJ,
clear water, whether little or much, while J^/*J means a small
quantity of water, or a spring which dries up in summer. 40. +\
JJ^ &irsryi! = i'<^j-M ^i-c ^tx5 A^kal A\ . 41. ^J^j , M^-^ , aor. 2
of ,_.. and infin. 10 of ,c,j respectively. 42. JJ J = c-.ifc*>N j^r
43. <Lr.,l^ *U-j^ = <^.^ r^^' 44< C-w^iJX.iU = i^J^ (stante
pede). 45. IJ,A=K^ 3, energetic prohibitive. Metre L.>M.< , as p. 189,
* 1 1 i
n. 60. 46. .j-A-Ul \^, + : ' , forfend a curse, i.e. do nothing that
would bring a curse upon thee, a form of salutation addressed to
Arab kings in the times of Ignorance. 47. ^J6\ t etc. = ^ *^
itxr^LiJ ^Jcc ^ Lx^Lj ^ -*\ LsrUii \^&j . 48. L-^sr* (agent 8
of lau^), beating off leaves, metaphorically, asking for alms. 49.
OF MERV. 321
l j,U- U J! "opil Ul ^ ^ y
(pret. 4 of j-i) = _s, . 50. dufcjp* = <LJ& , to be distinguished
c i ^
(pret. 3 of (_;)., a quadriliteral derived from the triliteral < ^- ,
here :) = *_**Iz>. 52. _^_*)\, wealth, riches, reading of de Sacy,
the Bulaq edition, and my MS., for which the Beyrout edition has
Jjril, explaining it by JU^ll, pi. of i'Ut* , high places. If sup-
ported by good authorities, this would almost seem preferable.
53. d-J, the side of the neck, here for neck. 54. LJ^jL*, patient
of L^O , used adverbially, " in a pounded condition." 55. J^^-
(pret. pass.) = J^ij . Another reading is <J---J , it would be said.
For the proverb alluded to see Ar. Prov. i. 574, and compare the
expression '(j^\ ^ Ll^aJt J^Lj, p. 133, 1. 8. 56. dj&uJ. t
^ i i * Y* f i
UyL& = LJjLlJi Jjj U. 57. J-i^, pi. of <LX, here excuses.
<* , >
58. w(J <Loc>:4j == ^CJ i.).ixj . 59. L-* $ iikA5^- u^^-*-^ 1 ^ ^~
L ^L-A^lj^, . 60. <ku i . ^ _to ju i t^jj'5*- .x< iUj Ub ijOW- . 61 .
J+~ Jil . 62. JL*sj , pret. 10 of j^ in the fern., referring to the
21
322 ASSEMBLY XXXVIII.
64 .<! A Vi 63 .o
1 ^ *>J] JlSJ y
Ui
j^J JUi
common noun Jl^*-, here used as a feminine (see Gramm. p. 96).
O
63. \j3J- ^ t sideways, askance. 64. ^Lk^ , agent 4 of ^Ls. .
65. \j (imp. of j^)=^ r -k.5-. Metre ^-uu^, as p. 61, n. 20, which
requires the imperative i^ \ to be read with a final kasrah instead
of sukHn. 66. JL^ (pi. of LeL)= JL<a-^ (pi. of aLL^^).
67. j^-Ji = >^. (J u/J^ -r^^. 68. J, the dative particle,
means here on account of," a signification which ought to have
been mentioned (Gramm. p. 197) in the paragraph regarding this
preposition. 69. ^jlsM AxJL, the sitting place of the circumciser,
proverbial for close proximity, as e-^sl^ _s>-j-^, place to which
a frightened dog is driven, stands for a great distance. Synonymous
with the former expression are <LLUS! JuoU andj|j^\ JuciU, seat
of the midwife, place of the waistband respectively, and a more
emphatic form to express remoteness is (l> -Ll\) .***H LL/, the
suspension place of Capella (of the Pleiades). 70. ^jjt I*, etc.,
that which betokened (lit. announced) for him length of skirt and
shortness of night, i.e. that which would allow him to indulge in
costly raiment and nightly revelries. 71. ^)L*, full, ^Jk-s-,
joyous ; both imperfectly declined as they form their feminine not
exclusively by the termination i, but also by the measure .J^
73
(pret. pass. 2 in a
(see Gramm. p. 101, 3. d.). 72.
( keeping in his direction"). 73.
precative sense, like the preceding c.
(pret. pass. 4, like the preceding w^.
(comp. p. 320, n. 44). 77. Jl) ^o ^V, etc., while one has gained,
etc., I have profited, etc., the two sentences being correlatively
connected. Metre t_g . ,g, .<-, as p. 78, n. 50. 78. J^?^ c-^> M
(on account of the excellence of roots) = t><xj%n A-XJ. 79.
. Ji.^ a = c^-*^Jij "$ U-J JLJJ. 80. J%-*J, the regularly
^ 5 ^ * ^^^ " ** ** ^*^' ^ ^^ * "
formed, though unusual pi. of J-4-^ > king (originally of Himyar),
for the more common (JLJ^, which has occurred p. 206, 1. 3.
81. LuJiu == Clto , perdition upon! 82.
324 ASSEMBLY XXXIX.
ASSEMBLY XXXIX. CALLED " OP OMAN."
(pret. 9 of >r a^) = c^.J. 2. ^j =
l j.. 3. i^ly-J (pi. of Lj.)}= ^Is.* 5 . 4. ^f^i, pi. of
t camels descended from the breed of Mahrah bin Haidan,
o?
which were considered the most generous of their kind. 5. *X=n,
etc., ' now ascending mountain-heights, at other times threading
my way through low-land" (comp. p. 278, n. 38). 6. *Jlx* (pi.
of JX), deserts with road-signs; Jjfclsr 1 (pi. of J-^sr*), deserts
without such. 7. C*oL~> (pi. of tl2&) = J^\ j\J&\ ; ^-L*
(pi. of A^uL*) = Jj^ j\suy\ . 8. ^j\^-j, pi. of ibLj, swift steeds;
A-sU^, pi. of L*~>\j , a camel, from /-r?-*^;> a P acc peculiar to it,
"fleet dromedaries." 9. jU-M (inf. 4 of^^) = \ J **&\ d 4-.
y
10. j^s*^ (swAdr), Sohar, one of the chief towns of the district
Oman ('wmdn), on the south-eastern coast of Arabia, and an em-
porium for the trade of the country by means of the Persian Gulf,
with a harbour one parasang square. 11. .llJ' ==JsCjl! _* (I trans-
OF OMAN. 325
UJj * J
Jil! U- j .
UU ^L ^U!b Jl3 21 ^
late the billowy sea"). 12. 3\j*, pi. of Jj^ = jll *U^ (the
Beyrout edition remarks to this that the [frugal] Arabs nickname
the [luxurious] Persians slaves of their provision-bags"). 13.
j jt) , one ' who registers vows " (for the sake of a safe voyage).
14. jjlc^ <U.g ll J*^^, who blames himself and finds excuses"
(for being venturesome). 15. ,<**^^ (pret. 4 of ^uui and ^uu^c) =
+Ao\. 16. lyfj^^i etc., allusion to Qur'an, xvii. 68, and vi. 96.
17. Jjj! JA, etc., comp. ib. Ixi. 10. 18. J-Ju^-c <Ji, his
shadow is not heavy, proverbial expression for he is no en-
cumbrance" (similarly p. 164, 1. 5). 19. J-jJU =
U^LjUl ^^ ^^ 20. ^j&U = t-v^ . 21.
22. U^jn, pret. pass, of t_j 23. ( Jx J^^ I*, He has not taken
a covenant from (J^r or cijliL^, which word in the Arabic idiom
can be elided on account of the frequent use of the phrase), for
"He has made binding upon." In connection with the following
326 ASSEMBLY XXXIX.
" until He has taken," the meaning is: Allah has made
binding at the same time upon the one as the other. The passage
has reference to a saying of Ali : Allah has no less enjoined on
the ignorant to learn, than on the learned to teach. For the ex-
pression jl~^ 3cL\ see also Qur'an, iii. 184. 24. x^j-, a charm
or spell. 25. ..M&M, pi. of u^v, proofs, demonstrations, argu-
ments in favour of. 26. ^-^ (pi. of <L^-*-ri-) = jlcj %-^>
27. ^L^ =^U^1\. 28. yL (pi. ofyU) = UA/ sL^.. 29.
j. so. ^T, pi. of <LT. si. -JsU, (_^U^j, pi. of
, . ^ " ~ . .
t) \ and L 5/>-j or 4-^/>~j respectively (for the original meaning
of the latter word see Qur'an, chapter xliii. whose title it forms).
32. \ ., j U^kJ^I, etc., quotation from the same, xi. 43. 33.
( j*s*jXsA\ is explained by de Sacy and my MS. with ^xl^Jl, while
\ " \\
the Beyrout edition paraphrases it, less appropriately, with ^jJiAlAM
34. ^lL = als^j ^j^-. 35. c-^J^ = jL*iJ)! . 36.
(pret. 4 of ^^1)= l^-1. 37. /Vr ^ r^^ *^ e fathomless
OF OMAN. 327
39 .c,. . uii - c ,. I 38 \i c . ** . i i i 1 1 ...
J\Ai
iJ^ >r ^ JjJ
4-J
sea (from ^, an abyss), is a Coranic word occurring in chap.
xxiv. 40. 38. IP- ^j a designation given to a man of fame or
mark, either after a notorious robber thus called, or, as others say,
because it is a name of the morning, the moon, or the dawn of day.
o c * ^ >
39. i^AjLu = cl-ojlcj ,j>JiAi . 40. ^J^, = j.pui (comp. Qur'un,
xliv. 23) ; ^sf = <U9 c. 3 yL = ^JU ; ^1 = ^ ^ j (sportive), or,
as the Beyrout edition explains it= *-^~*&j ^uL^J (a pastime). 41.
, inf. of ^iU; ^Lfic = ^JU- c^J. 42. < >^f, pi. of
L5*-, the sides (of the ship), which were bending or leaning
down (L^JUU^C) in the storm-tossed sea. 43. ^ U, "all that had
been," i.e. the state of things described in the passage to which n. 40
refers. 44.^15 = ^11. 45.1*2^ = ^^1. 46. Ji\j> (aor. 3
of ,<-J^, the pret. of which has occurred p. 273, n. 49) = ^jUi|j-j .
47. j/=s^ (aor. pass.) = J-^rsru . 48. J>j*~j, pi. of A~J ; J^*-? (inf.) =
a
49. fJI < 2-*tf i-c, "despite our
328
ASSEMBLY XXXIX.
failing strength." 50. l^Lri. ^jw^sT, allusion to Qur'an, xvii. 5.
51. llwJ (aor. 5 of ,|i) = Jlaiv*.".' (the phrase is again partly taken
from the Qur'an, xvi. 50). 52. ^LiX-slJ = ^LxJjU^j ^JbLJil^.
53. Qty (pi. of 'U.^) = JU>- (pi. of J^). 54. ^> clC^ J
j~~i\ ^-^^ , in the garb (lit. skin) of one broken down and the grief
' *
of one taken captive, is the reading of de Sacy, the Bulaq edition,
<*" i* *s
and my MS., for which the Beyrout edition has : .J^" ^/r*"*- ~*^-^
v * O ^^
\,+~>\ ^ ]r?* *^>~> sad and sorrowful, so that we fancied him one
broken down or taken captive. 55. *!j^-j ^ *^~^ ^^ ^, they
spoke not with a white (word) or a black one, i.e. 'they spoke not
either fair or foul." 56. c--^-U^ jlj , allusion to the proverb
ij* tci^t, etc., " more deceitful than the fire of al-Hubahib" (see
Ar. Prov. i. 454 ; ii. 343 ; iii. P. i. 28), whether the appellative
refers to a notorious miser, or to the glow-worm, or to the sparks
struck by the hoofs of a horse on stony ground. 57. c^~sU~j, pi.
of t-^vyuii-o, an extensive desert; for the preceding <->y-j comp.
p. 227, n. 46. 58.
t
J, preterites of imprecation. 59.
._x = >- {~z- . c , ci^c , pret. of ^-c and j^z
respectively, "had visited," "had overcome." 61. Lc (adverbial
OF OMAN. 329
I 64 . V i .. i 63
X-".! . 64 . i c .. t * 63 ~ H i i .
N-JUJ tJU^Ji J. Cl^JO ^ L*&Hj C^Jl J\.Vi.^>. ^.o (U Jo
^ <d
kT J
j
Ljjj Ui y^J^ J-
^^
jjb b ^L\ J^j y! ^ JUi
acc.)= j*LJU. 62. Jjii iJ^tXcf ^ , that makes (us) listless
of talk. 63. cLj\ J^4- J4 J = L J-^^ *^5 c;^- 64 -
jJlllJicCL^JJ ^1 = ^^^ J^. 65. uJV
66. < _ Jlj2?j, one skilful in the diagnosis of diseases. 67. ill, the
Persian word for king, the use of which lends local colour to the
scene enacted on an island of the Persian Gulf. At the same time
- k*
there is an allusion to the king of chess, in connection with <U*j,
territory, which also means a square of the chess-board. 68.
pi. of .yijks*, seed-plots, for 'wives." 69. ,^IL*, pi. of
carpet, coverlet, in the plural metaphorically also for wives."
70. \jj= aL^L ias?. 71. ci^,JJ, L^--^\, pret. pass., as well
as ^tf and u,a^ lower down. 72. \j\j&, originally inf. of JjLc,
used adverbially, as the bird feeds its young, i.e. little by little,
"in snatches." 73. j5^, etc., and reiterated and prolonged the
call "to Allah we belong, and to Him shall we return." 74.
330
ASSEMBLY XXXIX.
t o, it took (lit. was) no longer than to say nay," a pro-
verbial phrase to express shortness of time and quickness of action,
for which see Arab. Prov. ii. 295. 75. LXJ ~*L> = !yilA LJ Jl5.
76. (Jf, apoc. aor. of J-J, being weak, here failing, falling short.
77. Jjy-^T ^J , meerschaum, which, according to the popular belief
of the Arabs, when attached to the neck of a labouring woman,
?
facilitates the child-birth. 78. <^_ u J (pret. pass, of ^-f^ = *-J
a
(J-sr 3 )\. 79. jjjg^l^ t 5 ^ lii ' *^ e ^ rea ^ ^ a ^ no * ^turned
until, Arabic idiom, for " in less than a breath's time" (for ^\ L
as a corroborated negative, see Gramm. 254). 80. j&. = fa^^- 9 j^*
4- 81. >r _Lxsr 5 \ (pret. 4 of >r is 5 ) = ^uK J t**?l. 82.
, etc. allusion to Muhammad's saying, <L=sruail1 ,ji^U religion
consists in good advice. Metre k_iLJL>-, as p. 78, n. 50, with occa-
sional change of the last foot of the <^? from -- ^ -- into
. 83. (j^i, here poverty, misery (comp. the adj. ^^L^).
The expression ..t^* j\^> a 8a ^ e abode, applied to the embryo in
the womb, is taken from Qur'an, xxiii. 13. 84. ^^ (agent 3 of
85. +~i &c. , avowed foe, applied in Qur'an,
OF OMAN. 331
xvii. 55, to Satan. 86. iAxJ , imp. 10 of ^J. 87. J}U-^, etc.,
''and beware of selling proved things for things that are only
fancies." 88. .^y., charms, usually applied to a snake-charmer,
here "seeks to beguile." 89. ( ^^.^^\ c ^XxJ! o, in shameful
affliction, sorry torment" (Qur'an, xxxiv. 13). 90. .-^ ^- =
^^iJ^ ^ s lloJ^ ^^.G Li.JaJ\ ^ +*> (the word is taken from
Qur'an, Ixxxi. 24, where, however, other readings have *~3J ,
instead). 91. (jj*/*b is explained by some commentators with *Uk,
he folded or rolled it up, by others with alsr*, he effaced it, which
interpretation is confirmed by the Persian rendering J^ LL/U
written underneath the word in my MS., and which better agrees
with the following 4_ULc L J-^, unawares," i.e. unnoticed by those
present. Comp. my note on the subject in my translation of the
Assembly. 92. '^^ = . 93. ^^Ls-U, the labouring woman,
like the following ^j , menstruous, being the masc. form of the
agent for the fern., the verbs by their nature applying only to females
(Gramm. p. 95, 7). The injunction that none menstruous must
touch it, designates the spell as something sacred, in allusion to
a woman in this state being forbidden to touch the Qur'an. 94.
y s>* ?
J^\ J^; the following i is the interval
,332 ASSEMBLY XXXIX.
j JU-I
It c l t l I 97 i 96
j
j
JU J.3 ^ Uii ^Ufc ^ CJ,U J15 aj'bj^
wliich a milker makes in drawing the milk. 95. ^^2^2^, a form
of infinitive implying an eminent degree, here of the peculiar quality
attributed to the meerschaum (see n. 77 above). 96.
j)jZ*j- 97. gyV ; > *. j Vr^\ (pret. pass. 10) =
98. QjJo ^^10*^ = ^.^1^! j]5 {Jr**t- " u$)\> a na tive of
Qaran in Kejd, the most eminent ascetic and devotee of Kufah, who
was killed with 'All in the battle of Siffin. 100. (jJf^ known
as Amir Dubais and Amir Saifu'd-daulah al-Asadl, a grandee of
Bagdad, contemporary with Hariri and noted for his generosity, of
which he gave signal proofs to the latter, on hearing that he had
mentioned him in the Maqamat. 101. <A u^~* ^*> that which en-
tailed on him. 102. ^ (pi. of *--i) = c.-Jlk*. 103.
104.
(inf. 4 of ) = i^ J^5. 106.
108. c
no.
2,r , a remarkable idiom in which the preposition with pronominal
Ti
OF OMAN. 333
112 c
suffix lias the force of an imperative, meaning ^vJ or buc-Lj, "be
off!" (out of my presence). 111. J;^-*.^' ^ (energetic prohib.) =
J^L^' ^. Metre J^^, as p. 35, n. 80, which requires the sup-
pression of the inflection of the following ufaj and of the final
nouns in several other half-lines. 112. ^.^xXJ (aor. pass. 8) =
" i
Ju~T. 113. Jlfcj, pi. of *J&}, low ground, hollow. 114.
- ^ i ^
pi. of <LI_s, mountain-peak, summit. 115. ^v.v.d .^> (du. of ^.^-i
= ^1*3 l=f- ; the following jj^a^- is the name of a mountain in the
highest parts of Nejd. 116. LLC**<L:o l/jt, comp. p. 173, n. 35.
117. ^Jfclx* (pi. of J^t*) = J:lx^. 118. j^^c, here scanty esti-
t ^
mation. 119. LL5C^^- = u!X^o . 120. c/yJJ^ = .J ^J'u: (the
.
accns. depending on the preceding J^i). 121. jj^ (apoc. aor. of ^Jj)
= Ll5^J, leaving behind nothing, "stinting naught." 122. 2^,
etc., and wishing heartily that the imp (lit. foetus) and his mother had
come to grief, which uncharitable wish is, of course, meant playfully.
334 ASSEMBLY XL.
ASSEMBLY XL. CALLED "OP TABREEZ."
J Ul UiJ
Jujii! 4
1. j)j~> (tabriz], Tabreez, the principal town of Azerbijan, about
twenty parasangs distant from Maraghah (see Assembly VI.). 2.
v. .
<U L^ -J (pret. of ^-J), = <UJ'y J . 3. ^f-^s-* (ag. 4 of j^r), one
who protects, patron;" J??"* (ag. 4 of j^-), one who bestows
a gift (apl?-), "man of bounty." 4. UJLJJL, c-c.".^ 1 *, ag. 8 of
^_cJ and u-P.^- respectively. 5. <- ^s, a troop, flock, ' bevy."
6. ,yLL)l iy&b (lit. bright of unveiling), "fair of face;" ffJbUf
jj .a T* \\, in an evident state of contumacy, showing clear signs of
" tt
rebellion. 7. <<J J^Ji <cA>i , the squalor of celibacy, the helpless-
ness of bachelorship. 8. ^^\ .J/^ ^ ne sweat of the water-bag,
for the sweat of the carrier of the water-bag, proverbial expression
for hardship and misery, for which see Ar. Prov. ii. 347, iii. P. ii.
480. 9. .^k = .SjU? . 10. ^a-J, emaciated, jaded (comp. p. 39,
OF TABRER7. 335
J^J J15 j5Lk^ j
V^A vU? "^i
TJj C/luJill jjj ^, l ^^ V Uli
1. 8, and p. 86, 1. 4) ; .e^r^i foot-soreness, metaphorically for
_o
wretchedness (see p. 24, 1. 5). 11. c-al^-, an ally to, allied with.
12. IM^LAX^, the turn an affair takes, " upshot"; the word occurs
in the Qur'an, xviii. 34, and xxvi. 228, in the sense of return,
o.p
exchange. 13. ^JJ\ .jJ, behind my ear, like the English be-
vl v
hind my back." 14. ,5^1 (aor. 4) = ^AJI (comp. Qur'an, xliv. 41).
* Q
15. JLa^ = J,iru. 16. Ll/^^u*^ <uiUj , the splinters, which remain
in the mouth after rubbing the teeth with the siwdk or piece of wood
employed for that purpose, and are spit out, freely translated, the
fragments of a broken tooth-pick." 17. jLj = 4jtjJ! <U jUtf J^.
18. t>U-i>, inf. of J^j, bolting. 19. ,^>-\ (compar. from the root
^)=^\) Jjl>\. 20. 1^1^ = 1^X5. 21. c^jJt, thy Lord
may mean " thy husband," as the Beyrout edition explains, or, more
probably, " God Almighty," in allusion to Qur'an, xxiv. 19. 22.
o
Jo-lij, etc., " and tasks (or takes to task) the neighbour for the
neighbour," the meaning of which may be gathered from Sherishl's
notice : A\ *\A\^\ \ *^ ^ - 23 - W P 1 -
336 ASSEMBLY XL.
so - i i t > ~ t ~tt * r i \\ 29
M O O
of <Lici j, salt-marshes in which no plants grow. 24. ^.^JL^AwJ* =
.^L.Lj. 25. ta-jll is, according to the Qamus, ,^1-lJU (Jl^sli
, the last of which significations is at least alluded to by
Hariri, who in his commentary attached to this Assembly, and, as
on previous occasions, embodied in my notes within inverted commas,
when quoting verbally, mentions that it was said to a husband
anxious for progeny: \^SSjs. Ju. 26.
27. r-j iJr'/tJj allusion to Qur'an, vii. 55, and passim. 28.
--> Jol , more lying than Sajahi. The Beyrout edition
^
spells ^A-s^* 5 , as if the word were imperfectly declined, but in
Hariri's commentary, reproduced in full by the said edition, it is
stated that the word is indeclinable in kasrah (comp. Gramm. p. 103,
52). The woman thus called was the daughter of al-Munzir, and
made claim to the prophetic office in opposition to the pseudo-
prophet Musailamah (see Diet, of Islam, p. 422), whose cause,
however, she subsequently embraced, and who married her. The
proverb concerning her (Ar. Prov. ii. 747), is not as quoted in the
{^
text, but ^-^sr 3 ^ *i^, hotter than Sajahi, probably an intentional
slip of Abu Zaid's memory, who trusted in that of his bystanders
to give the retort courteous to the accusation of his spouse by a
counter-charge. 29. jjJ? c <^, etc., "by Him who he-ringed the
dove and be-winged the ostrich." 30. <uUJ _jl ^* <--> jJH , a
greater liar than Abu Sumamah, sobriquet of the aforesaid Mu-
sailamah, also called al-Kazzab, the arch-liar, who " forged false-
hoods" (J^sr*, quadriliteral derived from Jfr>-) in Yamamah, as
OF TABREEZ.
337
J <uUJlj
J*JI
b ^U* l^ljj I, vifljj y J13,
40
39
a rival of Muhammad, and after the latter's death, acquired con-
siderable power, until Abu Bakr's general Khalid ibnu'l-Walld
crushed his followers in a sanguinary battle, in which the pseudo-
? ?
prophet himself was slain (A.H. 11). 31. \s l^-i> = ^1=^ J LJ jU .
32. jLjj, jl-^sr, nouns expressing intensity, derived from JLjIj,
malodorous, and J-r^-U, wanton, respectively, indeclinable in Icasrah
like eU3, p. 55, n. 23, and only used in the vocative, except by
9 O ?
poetical license in poetry. 33. ^jJuLJf (aor. 4) = ^,-^.laJ'. 34.
(here "in public"). 35. LlX^ic ^-^ ^^^ =
36. j'3J = c^tx^^i (jJbf ^J^.- 37. ^4*>-
i.J5.>- . 38. J^j^ , more showing forth (with-
out veil), "more barefaced (than bark)." 39. *Jjj = * J,b ^4^-
40. <xJjf-. , "a kind of sorrel which grows on the edges of rivers,"
and is therefore proverbially (Ar. Prov. i. 406) called UX>- , foolish,
silly, because exposing itself to be carried away by the current.
41. j\), the initial being pronounced with any of the three short
vowels, a rent in a garment, metaphorically, a blemish, fault, defect.
42. Zj~* , the wife of the Persian King Khusrau Parvez, celebrated
for her beauty and the sculptor Farhad's fatal love for her.
22
338 ASSEMBLY XL.
47 r I /\ 48 i -i i A o- 45 i . 44 -V
43. ^J>J^j > w ^ e ^ Harun al-Rashld, and grand-daughter of Mansur,
possessed of great wealth, \vhich she spent lavishly in pilgrimage,
pious donations, and the building of mosques. 44. jjju-Juj , Queen
of Saba (the scriptural Sheba), for whom see Qur'an, xxvii. 22, 23.
45. J .jj , either the daughter of Khusrau Parvez, who reigned
after his death for forty years, or more probably the wife of Caliph
Ma'mun, who spread for her in the wedding night a golden carpet,
on which he poured from a large vessel a heap of pearls for the
waiting women, each of whom took a bead, the remainder being
left sparkling on the carpet. 46. L>J-M (see p. 210, n. 37), pro-
verbial for grandeur and power (Ar. Prov. ii. 147), and thus called
from the length of her hair (c_^o:), which she trailed behind her
on walking. 47. al-t^j, , daughter of Isma/il of the tribe Qais,
a woman of Basrah, celebrated for piety (Ibn Khalliqan, i. 263).
48. t__5j=^, surname of Laila, daughter of Hulwan bin Imiaii
and wife of Alyas bin Muzar, surpassing all Arab women in glory,
as ancestress of the tribe Quraish. 49. *U*oLflr\, the Pug-nosed,
nickname of Tumazir bint *Amr bin al-Sharid, who lived up to the
rise of Islam and was the greatest Arabic poetess, famous especially
by her elegies on her (brother) Sakhr (comp. Ar. Prov. ii. 617).
50. ,J^>-j **?** = (jr^t *V^' 51> ^jJ^^^J^i d ( ^-~*^ i . ****
<- "\" <
J^M. 52. cuyfcJ (pret. 5 of^^J), she played the tigress (^4J ,
comp. p. 212, n. 61). 53. ,jt. nickname of Mukhariq, ' a man
of the tribe Banu Hilal bin 'Amir, who had taken possession of
a cistern to water his camels, and when they had quenched their
<Li 1 58 ,K3
OF TABREEZ.
c.. 56
58-
thirst, coated it (jcX..) with his excrements, to render it useless
to those coming after him," and thereby gave rise to the proverb,
more stingy than Madir (Ar. Prov. i. 190). 54. r-its, "either
a camel stallion belonging to one of the tribes of Sa'd bin Zaid
Manat bin Tamim, who covered no she-camel without her dying,
o
or a year of drought, thus called from its stripping ( .^UJ) the ground
of vegetation (Ar. Prov. i. 690)." 55. ^il*?, " a word of disputed
meaning (Ar. Prov. i. 326). Some say it signifies any bird that whistles,
and that cowardice is attributed to it because it is in continual
fear of birds and beasts of prey. By others it is said that it means
a special kind of bird, which, at the approach of night, clings to
some branches and whistles all night through from fear of falling
asleep and being captured. According to a third explanation it
designates a man who whistles to a woman, to give warning of
danger, and all the while is cowed with fear lest he be caught in
his errand. Lastly, it is stated, that the agent whistling stands
for the patient whistled to' (as a signal for flight), as in Qur'an,
Ixxxvi. 6 (jh-*!j *l* (pouring water, i.e. sperm) stands for jy- 3 ^* *b
(water poured forth), and in popular parlance <LL>~^ (a riding-
beast) for Jya^* (a beast ridden upon), a peculiarity of idiom
as frequent in Arabic, as, vice versa, the use of the patient instead
^ *"
of the agent, for instance Qur'an, xvii. 47 \j^J^* \^\s^ (a hidden
veil) for \ .J'Ls Cjls^~ (a hiding or enshrouding veil)." 56. f*b , the
Jumper, in his full title, ^IL ^^U?, Jumper Jumperson, the flea,
proverbial for flightiness (Ar. Prov. ii. 52). 57. jU~>, pi. of SjfJ*.
58. LA: = fJjLlS! JoLc j&b\ ^ ia&ij U (some MSS., my own
* * *
included, add here tt^l^o c.5, in sweepings or a heap of rubbish,
340 ASSEMBLY XL.
which doubtlessly improves the equi-balance of the qarinah and
makes the phrase more forcible). 59. <LYj ^Jl i'JJu , the mule of Abu
Dulamah, a compendium of all possible vices, and an impossible
one into the bargain (impossible, I mean, to translate decently,
but to be guessed at by fox -hunters, who remember what reynard
is said to do when hard pressed by the hounds). Her master, son
of an emancipated black slave, was a poet who flourished in the
days of the last TJmaiyades and first Abbasides. He has immortalized
the brute by a qasidah (Ar. Prov. i. 416). 60. <L&>- = <L!?j^
(infinitives of unity) ; <LftJ.~ = cl*j>- ^\ ,jd\ &.. 61. <xJu =
-j (a dung-fly). 62. (J^jLfcj, and granting that thou. 63.
, Hasan al-Basri, proverbial for pulpit eloquence, and a great
devotee (f A.H. 110; see Ibn Khalliqan, i. 188). 64. JcLi! , 'Amir
bin 'Abdi 'llah of the tribe Sha'b in Yaman, like the preceding,
a tdbi', or one who had conversed with Muhammad's companions,
a great scholar, deeply versed in law, and knowing the Qur'an by
heart (li-iU- ). He was a favourite with Hajjaj bin Yusuf, and died
at Kufah between A.H. 107 and 103 (Ibn Khalliqan, i. 344, and Ar. Prov.
i. 413). 65. J-ls^ , Abu 'Abdi'l-llahman bin Ahmad al-Farahidi, the
founder of Arabic Grammar and Prosody, to the discovery of which
latter art he was led by listening to the fall of the hammers of a
blacksmith, sounding to him alternately like daq, daq-daq, daqaq-
daqaq, and striking on his ear like the rhythmical measures of the
constituent elements of his native poetry, whereupon he built a
most elaborate system of metric (born A. a. 100, f!60 or 170; see
OF TABREEZ. '.\ \\
68
4 l^ *^ ^ 4
\, <G'^ 4
^j^ UU
AJ J& >U &Jr 111
Ibn Khalliqan, i. 252). 66. y.^r, Abu Hazrah bin 'Atiyah, con-
sidered the greatest poet of early Islam, rivalled only by Farazdaq
and Akhtal, and equally distinguished in erotic and satyric poetry.
He died ninety and odd years old, A.H. 110, in the same year as
Farazdaq, with whom he had carried on a lively warfare of give
f
and take" in lampoons (see Ibn Khalliqan, i. 150). 67. yLs , the
eloquent Christian bishop of Najran, for whom see p. 3, n. 26.
68. JL^/_...*rl J^-c, son of Yahya bin Sa'id, was secretary to
Marwan bin Muhammad, the last Caliph of the house TJmaiyah,
and excelled by his beauty of writing and style, the use of which,
however, made in the service of an antagonist, incensed the founder
of the Abbaside dynasty against him, who killed him cruelly. 69.
.* jjl, Rubban (according to others ^^i) bin al- Ala, noted for
his profound knowledge of the Qur'an in its seven readings, who
had made a vow to recite the whole of the sacred text every three
nights ; he was also a great grammarian and lexicographer (born in
Mecca A.H. 70, f in Kufah about A.H. 154 ; see Ibn Xhalliqan,
j?
i 538). 70. -~jJi ^, al-AsmaX mentioned p. 194, n. 37, and
whose life will be found in Ibn Khalliqan, i. 403. 71.
j^! is explained in my MS. with _cllJJ <-r>)^ US V**^
and the word La^, "staff," in the following simile it paraphrases
with Jj^jjl & U Lx^A L^J jl^ll. 72. Ujl, etc., I see that
you are (i.e. form a match to each other like) so-and-so. The
meaning of these two proverbs (Ar. Prov. ii. 800, 835) is disputed.
According to some commentators, Shann and Tabaqah, Hida'ah and
342 ASSEMBLY XL.
JJJJ1
Bunduqah respectively are names of rival tribes. Others say that
Shann is the name of a sharp-witted Arab, who vowed that he
would not wed unless a woman his equal in sagacity. "While roam-
ing about in search of such, he met with a travelling companion,
whom, in the course of conversation, he asked several apparently
absurd questions, as for instance, when a funeral passed them,
whether he thought that there was a living person carried on the
bier or not. So the man fancied him to be a consummate fool, and
when they came to his home, related their colloquy to his daughter
Tabaqah as a piece of rare fun. She, however, replied that the
stranger was quite right, and explained to her father the real
intent of the questions, which, with regard to the man on the
bier was, whether he had left a son who would keep him alive
in men's memory or not. The upshot was, of course, a marriage
between the two wits, and when the husband brought his wife to
his own people and told his tale, they said Shann has fitly mated
with Tabaqah, which became a proverb (for a fuller account see
my note on the passage in my translation of the Assembly). Asma'l
is credited with a third, somewhat lame, explanation to the effect
that shann means a worn-out skin-bag, which, when furnished with
an adequate covering, was fitted for further use and gave rise to
the saying in question. The actual form of the second proverb
(Ar. Prov. i. 365) applied to one who is frightened by an enemy
*
or tried by his equal, is <L$&j <-^U? \^ \&?~> tne ^ rst wor( ^
standing for lJo-, with apocope of the fern, termination in the
vocative [see Gramm. p. 200 (114), 1], and either being like dLiJJaJ,
name of a tribe, as stated above, or meaning the bird thus called
(vulture, hawk), in which case <UJcj signifies the pellet of the
archer. 73. J^>-, a hard, and hence a plain or level road (Ar.
OF TABREBZ. .'; jlj
84 '
U/1! ^j ^iX 51
Prov. ii. 675). 74. <u^ = <uLl. A?-J. 75. ^j-^j = ^j^o^ . 76.
ci^Jj <y *-ij\ ^, I shall not hoist my sail for him, a transparent
metaphor, considering that the sail makes the ship to go. 77.
ljj&)! jiA-SfJj-tf^V, the three restricting or binding vows, meaning
either the three forms of divorce allowed by al-Shafi'l (see Diet.
of Islam, p 87, iii. and p. 90, v.), or the triple oath <UJL>j <Uj|j
* i
JUuj, or divorce, manumission of a slave, and pilgrimage to Mecca,
here most probably the first-mentioned. 78. J^s^j, etc., allusion
\ ** P
to the saying ^^\ J& A! c-^JJ5 (comp. p 173, n. 33). 79. AiLJ
(inf. 6 of *i-) = ^' Ujj ^U^-l . 80. <Ls JUU , " mutual befoulment."
81. AJL1! IJl, Oath of Allah! idiom for "l swear by Allah."
82. i^Ls^ L*JoJ^ CL?t 1^ .^ , your fundament has missed the pit,
a proverbial expression (Ar. Prov. i. 444) applied to one "who hits on
the wrong place or misses the object of his wish, and arising from
a man having dug two holes, the one for keeping the bread in,
the other to serve as a privy. His two sons mistook the former for
the latter, when he addressed them with the words above." 83.
cavity of the throat, here for " vital spot." 84. 'U^, pi. of
344
ASSEMBLY XL.
J
89
H t I
"fc> ^J UJ Ju*
V , ..:. ^LJ^
94
Uull ! j
N
ifl UJo 87 ,r,joJ^
93
-UJ^t
9l
a debtor or creditor, here the former. 85.
86. L^.x ^-^- ^....^. = LX&'JL^. ^ L*-^_._jL:v.i l^ . 87. J^j
(energetic aor. 2 of jJ) =: Jt^&l . The following clause alludes
p
to Qur'an, iii. 11. 88. cls.^ , see p. 257, n. 92, 2. 89. c 1 ^ cU-o =
+-+Z>\ ^*ZA ^y^J /*-j^ (comp. p. 284, n. 94). 90. ,<->, my
^
bride, here my spouse. Metre lj>-j, as p. 192, n. 8. 91. ^v-^- 1 ,
? ^~
&, aor. 4, used as sister-verbs of &. 92. ,<t..^, inf. 5 of
, sipping. 93. ^.c .vll ^J^a^ (inf. of ci-.^_ri-) =
(inf. 5 of J) =
97.
-o,
(aor. 4 of
98. .^^
, my restoration
OF TABREEZ. '\ \ ">
1 Jb,l^
102
v
1C3(
104 1
105 i
106
S)^ *-
to health and my relapse, my weal and woe." 99. cJl^J
A I V V '
imp. of c_>y and c-^J? respectively. 100. j&xj, yy, aor. pass.
.#
101. ]j-^J> inf- 2, used adverbially, of :^j, which has occurred at
the beginning of this Assembly in the sense of " sallying forth," going
into the open country ( j^J), and has here the meaning of going
beyond, surpassing, excellence. Metre *-j > , as p. 146, n. 29.
jf
102. i_>U-<5 , derivative of the measure JotJ from the root j-*?, with
,
zammah changed into Icasrah on account of the radical ^j . 103. Mflf*
(ace. depending on (J^j) = 'UxjtJi -4J iU^ u^JJa^. 104. \~*-^4J =
c . x I c.
c-O t ^^J. 105. 'jy*J', for jytf, as y.^' lower down for L>^-J, in
the oblique or dependent case, both nouns being imperfectly declined.
106. \ e^l . t . V, that it is I who taught the Shaikh.
C_r S? V
I follow here the reading of my MS. in preference to de Sacy, who,
probably misguided by the French idiom c'est moi qui ai," adopts
the reading ^J^\ \4 L^->JL! . Nasif al-Yaziji, in his critical letter,
censures him on this point, and Mehren, who has translated and
346 ASSEMBLY XL.
&-\ ^laJ^ ^$! UlJ Jli
* 113 .o . c .112
V V I 111 c| \\. <. >
/^b (N-Jj (* Lk.3 ^'
A
annotated this letter, defends the French against the Arabic scholar,
but the editors of the second edition of de Sacy refute Mchren's
arguments m a lengthy note, which the advanced student will look
f t
up with advantage. 107. \^>-\j\, pi. of &\j>~j\, which is <L!j*J\ of
" / ^"\ / '
>-, , as the following <L$fS?\ is the same form of Llxs**. A poem
in >- , is a very popular and easy-flowing kind of metrical com-
position, and I believe therefore myself justified in rendering the
word in the text by to versify with such glibness," and lower
down with " doggerel rhyme." 108. *U-*J^ = *llkW LJCJ ^ jJi .
109. *l-^J, fern, of ^b^, comp. of <L^J, a calamity which is more
of a calamity than another, most disastrous, "crushing" (comp.
LS il in the Vocabulary under jJ). 110. ( ^ J6, etc., he
would be like one who pays a debt with borrowed money, or who
prays the sunset prayer with two inclinations (instead of the pre-
scribed four, which it is unlawful to cut short, even when travelling),
meaning that what he had done was as if he had done nothing, since
a debt thus paid is still a debt, and a prayer thus curtailed is
valueless. 111. *-kj p*Jk = J/^ <^r,> *j^- 112. J?^ fHr^
" he waxed wrathful and frowned, or as others say, the former
means he was wrathful with a show of haughtiness, the latter, he
wrathfully knitted his brows." 113. ,**+} *^Xto= ,*LG! jj-I-ftf r
(akin to the English "he hemmed and hawed"). 114. J/L*J =
OF TABREEZ.
.'} \ 7
s^ iJ \1* 1 JlSj c-^
122 ..i 121 o : o M o
^j UX\ j^\ JlSj
115.
1 ] 6. JCxi) =
aor. pass. 118.
respectively. 119. +
native editions read
117.
ej\> aor. and subj. 4 of -i^s and
inf. 8. of *+., sorrow, for which the two
, which would mean the putting on of
a turban or helmet, and is evidently less satisfactory, if not simply
> 9
a misprint. 120. i^^+^j ^ <Ui c >LaJ (aor. pass, and act. 4 of
c-jj*s), " on which we have been made a butt, but have not hit the
mark." 121. jlJ^* = i^li *) J&\ j~&. 122. ^.J^, etc., and
cut off their tongues, i.e. silence them with two gold-pieces, a forcible
expression borrowed from a traditional saying of the Prophet. 123.
(i: ^J&\ Jt^y UJ\ "that ye twain are the most crafty amongst
men and Jinn." For the sing, of the comparative instead of the
dual, which latter in this case is optional but less approved, see
318 ASSEMBLY XLI.
Grainm. p. 227, and for ^MJ see Qur'an, Iv. 32. 124. ^s^ Jp ^
is the reading of the Beyrout edition and of my MS., taken, of
course, as an adverbial accusative, " not at all times." De Sacy
b ^i/
reads c^ij Ja in the nominative, when the construction would be
the same as that of the preceding clause, and the translation would
read : not every time is one in which, etc. Nasif al-Yaziji declares
either interpretation to be correct, but I cannot help thinking that
o
in the second reading the word ci-vS^ would have to be repeated, as
the word ^-^^J was, and that the verb ought to be followed by
<Ui . 125.
ASSEMBLY XLI. CALLED "OF TINNEE3."
Consult in the subjoined Vocabulary to the last ten Assemblies
the roots : ^ ; ^J ; ^u\ ; }cj3 ; j-*o .
OF T1NNEES.
34 9
J >-u
jii u r jr
J l^\ dj&fr CL;U U t
. fy
Ui!
?
c-^uu^ ^
) U^wJ
U
o
1
1. ^-.LJ, Tinnees (tinnis, now Tanis, whence the name of the
Tanitio mouth of the Nile is derived), a town in Upper Egypt,
surrounded by an inlet of the Mediterranean, into which the Nile
rises, so that its water is salt during one half of the year and sweet
during the other half. The place excels in the fabrication of costly
stuffs of various kinds.
Consult :
350
ASSEMBLY XLI.
jil\ I>\kffr1
Jj J-
\ * tx-x-j
.-xu_ . ^
>H t -
lta * x> ~ " *
JJLJ
.J C/bl3 ! J\ L-
.^ J* J
2. ,-c^^ b, etc. Metre v^- 9 * as p. 32, n. 50.
Consult : jb* ; ^ ; ^L ; J^s*- 3 ; J>. ; jjk-J ; ^j ;
\s L/ > c > r
OF TINNKI.s.
851
r ^
LiLc c_d!zxj U J ^
.. ,..
lj Jl5 I0
w c
,y^ clai U
>
\
J15 -l^j
-i> J
i
* ^^-
J^lJ
1;! U^ Jls *
J^J/ ,J
^ X-" c--"A^J
*s SI d j! cubj^ *5SUa5\ j^ 1
J15
.
3. u-j^i, etc. Metre ^.J --, as above.
Consult : a,
352 ASSEMBLY XLII.
ASSEMBLY XLII. CALLED "OF NAJRAN."
U-
J'J
>- :M
Jl
Ljj dx^iAll ^A ^
U)J ! ^L j\ Jb
I! U-^ *L L-
1. i^ftlp y^, kunyah of Zalim bin Sarraq (according to others
Sariq), the ominous significance of which name induced Caliph
Omar to refuse him a post of Governor for which he had applied.
His sons, the valiant offspring of a valiant sire, played a conspicuous
part in the troubles caused by Mu'awiyah's usurpation of the
Caliphate. 2. ^.ss?, one of the chief towns of Yaman, in ancient
times mostly inhabited by Christians, whose eloquent Bishop Q,uss
has been mentioned repeatedly.
Consult :
OF NAJRAN.
353
j J^LAJ! ij
i
\
v_
L W UI <_,ljj ^
i ^sj 3\ uJte ^
! j IXs <JJ1 J^Lj v^JUj kf
bj JjlySl
U 1 JUi
J15 J Jl
A O Jt r O t . '{" . A \\ A O M T
/ Lu^JS- I 4o-.^ cp ' .-A~' iX&Jlj / uu-kX- ' A^iwL^f*
\ b^) J> aLLr-
\\ 4 ,
Ji
3. <L>jls>-j, etc. Metre <J^, as p. 5, n. 42. 4. c-^v*cj^ , etc.
Metre J^, as p. 297, n. 47.
Consult : Jju ; ^ ; e->y ; kJ ; J-^3 ; cU*-l ; ^.^ ;
** ; ; JU- ; ^-^ ; ' ^^^ ' ^^ '
23
354
ASSEMBLY XLII.
L5 r-
d \ki
& JIS
4 !>*^* -^ J^ ^ As-UJl cM^^ As^lpb (^L:^ J\S p
ISsXJI O <^>- C ' LJ^^Jj ^^"^i J~&~ (t"*-*-^' ^ ^""^ *^*?
J Jfkas? i) JJo JU ^j ^J^fc Jiff! 4
aj
.^ c ^ J
l> JlS ^^uJ
JJ[ll! t
j
5. A^*t< , etc. Metre J^, as p. 183, n. 20. 6. irlj l*j, etc.
Metre J^.^, 1st (jOjC-, 3rd ty^ : ^ - %-< -
- 7. < Jls^^ , etc
- <~> ^T^ twice
j , 2nd ( js*i-, 1st c J : ^
Consult :
' ?>
; JAC ;
OF NAJRAN.
j
LH
U
355
ijpL^olJ JU
^ jlpLi! JaJsli C
4J!
,J Uy,
U
-i-b XJ%e. rsrCl* LS ^^ jUj^ Uj^fi JU- Uj ULaLl
J
*J\t
J ^
, etc. Metre J-j 1st /s, 1st
8.
9. t-jy^^, etc. Metre J^*j, as p. 71, n. 69, with *f-fi*- f i.e.
addition of a letter at the beginning of each line (see Gramm. p. 345).
10. *jj&s* Uj, etc. Metre jjlj, as p. 183, n. 20.
Consult : jJ ; c_^^ ; JJ^ ; Jj^ ; J^j ; JL. ; J}.^
356 ASSEMBLY XLII. OF NAJRAN.
4 v^L
IjJ,
>JI
\ AAj^
>' *r^ I j
iw /% *>'^3 ^^ i
7^ ( o-M.
Jo ^ ^/s^W UUvMSvij AiJWi A.J ^ -'- > **
JUlJII ^ JUJM ^i 15 Ii3 ^ *Jili^ Uji
j&j JLiH <d
11. '^^-Ji Lj, etc. Metre y*^, as n. 3 above. 12. ^U^
etc. Metre tlso^, as p. 28, n. 65.
Consult :
-
ASSEMBLY XLIII. AL-BAKR1YAH OR OF HADRAMAUT. 357
a
\ >
j ^^ 4
4! L
1 o ** I o
v_^4_j tX_\_j v^^__j
j ..j ,7
U L
<J\ i5
A!
13. ^j-, etc. Metre c^o^ 1 * (not c_o..,.o..fv. as stated in de Sacy,
2nd ed. ii., p. 178), for which see p. 12, n. 55.
ASSEMBLY XLIII. CALLED " AL-BAKRIYAH,"
OR "OF HADEAMAUT."
U cL?J
J15
>
U
Consult :
; jl ; UJ ;
358 ASSEMBLY XL1II.
131
J^sj- -5
Uii <uU3
j^s ku o cJi' L _^i ^ ^^
j3 C^J ^1 cly LlX^ tl^ifi ^SJ Jlw LL<1 J-^^ J
^5
U3 jJ ^ Ur^^ Jfs^ l
l! UJJ ftjlj^l ^ ^U JJOJ1 ^Jj J Jt
! jlj LJ ^^ ^ cM; ^^V f J ^
US
* *
Consult : t^-^j>-. ;
-
AL-BAKRIYAH OR OF HADRAMAUT. 35D
* J ci
U'Lu via Ul
*^ JUlJ ^
1. CLJ^^d^-, Hadramaut (hazramaut\ in Yaman, was noted for
its camel-breed and its cordwainery, from which circumstance the
Arabic names of this Assembly are derived, Bakriyah being the noun
of relation of ^j , a young camel, and Hadramiyah being that of
Hadramaut, applied both to a camel bred in that locality, and to
a peculiar kind of shoes made there.
Consult : J s. L* c^o- ; ~li ;
360
ASSKMBLY XLIII.
, (JJo^i ,. r , c^ I Mal
J^ ^JJfc Jl^ e^-sSl L
..,
A.-Jj
,
^' V. "?
2. /^-yJii, etc. The metre of thcsn verses, and those of the Cadi's
reply, is jk* 5 !;? as P- 25, n. 33.
Consult :
/*;
AL-15AKR1YAH OR OF HAURAMAIT.
\\ c o 1 o c o '
IH- f" LjV- 3 ' cr* (^
Consult :
-
362 ASSEMBLY XLIII.
<DU~
^y j^j ^^ J15 d&j ^ Ufjl Jxj C f U
c^ *J cJj ^i i\ ^rl^l l^ ^bJj ^ly^S
5 ^^ lift JJ M ^^ JUi li^ J5^ l^ JLl! JLS
<AiC lJl^ ^a
JUU
J J^Jul! ^rtSlj JAUJ! ^1^ J^USl UUJ J
I ISjl^
jj lj uVP 1 ^ i/JcLrt d^Joj JlS
Consult : Js^ ; kA; ; cL5 ; ; cl? ;
' >> ' r? cr u ' O
> 7^ > i-v ' rr^ c."^ ' u^ 5 L?5 J >
AL-BAKRIYAH OR OF HADRAMAUT.
U C/
U tf
U d,<J t ,3
\^,
(.0 \\
e-^ h :. O )
LlXIir\ Jlw
J JIS ajjj
*
. , _.*
^ JU!\ aLi^, l . r ^
j ** J \J"
**
(*-*
J J*yJ
jis ^Li
Jj
31 JljJ
c^bl UlJ
Uli
3. j^yij , etc. Metre c_^Uu^, as p. 28, n. 65.
Consult : ^j ; ; ^i ; ^ ; j>j-J ;
; - ; I
364 ASSEMBLY XLI1I. AL-BAKRIYAH OR OF HADRAMAUT.
\j\al\ *
Lib Ui j!
oj Jl5
J15 UJ^ If J13
J15 ^l
uJc oJI ^i
jj J
^jL-J
^ JIS
J15
jis ju*
J15 L-
jis
S, JU
aj JlaJ ^j-Lj^ij *LJ1j jj^
j J
13 Uj-
Consult :
; jy ; c-^c ; u, ;
ASSEMBLY XLIV. OF THE WINTER-NIGHT.
U
jjLk,, j
CU
Ui
^J!
*J*j) CUvl 15 (
ASSEMBLY XLIV. CALLED "OF THE WINTEE-NIGHT."
ill!
t
j ^15 J!
Jlijl ^I-J^ J
1. e^-,1^-, etc. Metre
Consult :
- , as p. 282, n. 77.
366 ASSEMBLY XLIV.
U
j\
^
cjtx^^ 'LLiill 4 >^-
^V^ Li-Jfl >r fli?! .^J^
\ j! IxLill
-^ \ li-aJ *
uu- U JLu w
^ JlJ ib^J Uljli'* ibjj l-^L. UcLt ! JLC U
J)JL1! ^ UJ! U\ 11 v> V
i\ i jjb i i>j
-
Consult : t itoj ; ^^ ; ^i* ; ,^ ; -*o ;
OF THE WINTER-NIGHT.
8d7
M
\ *UJ
L^ U
! Jl
JlS
Lj LL-J
ifyLN ^ (
*L->
j^U-Jl eL
^ x JUb ^j
! J!
J4J
L> c
2. i^. --^-Ui ^cjjLc, etc. Metre U j? ..... ; , Istj.^, 1st u-^-J :
-- ^/ _^._ -- v_x_ >.^_ twice. This metre and the
same rhyme run through the whole string of the following word-
puzzles. 3. *y*\j 3, etc. Metre I&MMJ , as p. 189, n. 60.
Consult : LI ;~> JaJJ ; Li> ; * ; JJ ; J-J ;
368
ASSEMBLY XL1V
J
j
jill Joi
)
j' Jljj
, **
J U
/*, ._ j 15** J 4 ^*
Consult : *!: ;
OF THE WINTER-NIGHT.
'','iO
*-!LC
51 ! j* ^ JU?
*j UVJOJjJtjjLJ!
J
J> U
kU! JU 5
L-lU
& .n <
U
i ^1 j
4) U J C&~
& i^5Ua-1 U
Consult :
> * * J -^ J ; ^-
24
370 ASSEMBLY XLI
hjLs!l *-<*
jjj *J jLcl
L-J
^^S^ lkft!\
(t-JuJI
J (J^^J l^s-w> jj^_aJj _h_ri- A! 'W* ^^-^^3 9
Consult : ;
OF THE WINTER-NIGHT.
371
&
-^! &/J!
J
U^L*
iJ (LiiJ!)
21
Jl IJLaS^ jJl J^k> LL-J Lj
L-*-J jJ^
j^
Consult : Ju-^J ; J^ ; c-^-c ;
372 ASSEMBLY XL1V.
*
j^ LiLe ^Luj^ JiS
UlJ 1
lib 15
Lai^' Ji> i^j .c^J ^ i^ 5 **" <1 ^ 2> ~ ^~^ J^ ^^ c "^ ?. J ^"V
.* /
JUJ i!bj JLJI Uy X^
lj
Consult : 1^- ; jfe ; ^ ; cJ^ ; ; _LL ; ^ ;
OF THE WINTER-NIGHT.
U
ULs ]/
*$3r\ ^ JiBl &
yt^J *v3]^ >-1.
U ^
:A Jl
"U
^Jl? L5 -
^J A-JC^-Jj j^_^._i r .J
J'^XJ <1>1
A ^ ^!\
' L5-
*
cjb 1 j!
U >
lj
4 ^
>_j
J15
4. jl) b, etc. Metre j^laA^Jr>-j, as p. 25, n. 33.
Consult : j
374 ASSEMBLY XLV.
ASSEMBLY XLV. CALLED "OF RAMLEH."
U <-r^ aLxs U
- j
^^U 13 Llll
JlS *
iJ\
Lc
1. <Dj;jL)^ ,5^^ V. e * c> ^ ie mc ^'e of this and the two poetical
pieces following next is ^-J^-s, as p. 146, n. 29. dL^Jl, Ramleh, the
well-known town on the coast of Palestine, is said to have been
founded by the Umaiyade Caliph Sulaiman bin 'Abdi'l-Malik.
Consult : &yJ ; jb ; LuoL ; *a.j -*j 2^" ;
OF RAMLEH.
JLC
*
A
^
JUj
Lt U
t/^ )j
U
LJ r- >
Lj
k-fi> (j-^ * i ? iLJ
u^JU J15
U
ub
Consult : ^ ; Cp ; ^AJ ; ^-V.j 5
<t
376
ASSEMBLY XLV. OF RAMLEH.
c
U
4
JlSj
UJj
Ju*AJ
3 Xj
U
i5
Xj
-sX-ol U \Z& c_aJ
,^ J J! jU
-i: T
^^^
Consult :
; c ; lai>- ;
ASSEMBLY XLVI. OF ALEPPO.
JUJ! jn.
.
JUi
J15
2. C3X;,jj , etc. Metre Jjjk , as p. 5, n. 42.
ASSEMBLY XLVI. CALLED "OF ALEPPO."
J jJ J
C^-~L!^ J^ Jfj! ii^ .^ b 11 u- JjA^s
u n r^ 1 ^fc* ^ J^ u ^
U! ^J
JJl
Consult : X-? ; .X> ; ^*-l ; ^^ ; cAc5- ; JJ ; L> ; J
378
ASSEMBLY XLVI.
r^
JLUJ JJj^lj
^ J,
\i - \\ \ vt ^ \
J. ..r* 1 1 ^J.A i ^-j w
-
J15 iJ
*.
, ,
? r*' ftr Ci-\c-j
jJl o5 lirLi,
J
.t
U
<5 _ l\_
Us j UiJ
^ _ ^il
I v
l> *
1. ti/jlL J,Xc! , etc. Metre j-J^-, as p. 19, n. 41.
Consult : ; JJ& ; ^ t ^ Jkc ;
; y j .
OF ALEPPO.
379
>-\ A JUi
. - *
XJ c/,^ ^S J15 ^j U
-^
U Jl j&\Jx ULi
I ; .?.; SU.T ti.
if
., ... ,^7 jJL^t
jas. V.
J U JLJ
b
jl J
lj
cL-ii H A)
2. ^.^JJ , etc. Metre -J-i^, as p. 78, n. 50. 3.
Metre la^...... j , as p. 299, n. 54.
Consult : Lr>r c ; ysr^ ; ^-^ ; ^LJ. ; ^.^ ;
; vl^J ; c-^iaS ; ^r J ;
; **** ;
, etc.
380
ASSEMBLY XLVI.
*) JUJ
ijo ie *Qj
-u^srL^
;J
:A-.>
j LJ&
A ' (*- J *-^
1 jJll
r (V* j t^CtX-jy^ if
,
k-j t JJl^> f*^^ Ji ^ *
* 3 A! J13
JUJ
vH .. VI
*/*%
-
4. c^Ooj, etc. Metre ^.gjB,^ , as p. 78, n. 50. 5. L*~a JU, etc.
Metre ^-^, as p. 32, n. 50.
+\3 ; J^3 ; uJ;l? ; ^AJ ; ^.Xc ; L i> ;
Consult :
; t-^Jb ;
j Jii .
OF ALEPPO.
381
1 j
U
' \jjb JJ"
I.
v-^oy .x
13 J
1 JcJb CL/
L<J
JUJ
i
6. i'xl C/ 1 *-*^? etc< ere *^> as P
( "
t^^oJL^, etc. Metre J-^^, as p. 159, n. 49.
Metre ISMAUJ , as n. 6. above.
Consult :
8.
etc.
*
382 ASSEMBLY XLVI.
u b! b Jiij b ,cjb ;J Uu ,.JU. b oL*- b
^ r u
s-k JJU U <U JlJLJ tL?jj 4
cJu?l A! JULJ
j
JJL)^
t v
W* JUU/1 ^-J
ii3\ U1
J ^li
' ^ ^*
c <-j e j Ji*5 b lU JlS *ljjj ^Jj^ U-5 *!5l Ui
9. Jjull \jl, etc. Metre Jj^L?, as p. 5, n. 42. 10. ^LJl 1^1,
etc. Metre t^o .. P, ,r^. , as p. 78, n. 50, with occasional change of the
last *~> -- into --- .
Consult : -o- ; Ji J ;
OF ALEPPO.
383
b -Jl\, *JLCJ1,
J
<Us
la JbL
, -
UJ u
u.
jj>
Sa U <J
J15
Consult : ^
H ; JJi ; >r lix^ ; v-^J* ; ^^-i' 5 ^^ cA^ ^^^ J Jj
384 ASSEMBLY XLVI. OF ALEPPO.
o
JJ JU
: \j\
J-*
i 4j i b
Jb 1 JUJl ^^ ^ jd^^-SbJ.J! r *Jai d Ua
I x ^^-o ^ iaJ (j ^ cJ^- 1 Si ,< ^
J15 5
.u***
^-^ dX-L* ^^ <ill^j ^>jJ5 j*^ 5 ^ 1*^1} Ajj **r
ww my
-^ - ^ -"- - * ** 1 *' ^ ^
cJjiJ^^ jL cl&ij ^
jS ^Wl J^ *! jlxJ! r l^^ w
.JJ! c^olj^ jjJ! C)l\ c^jU
11. j^a/*^- c^laKT*, etc. Metre c_J.Uj^ , as p. 14, n. 72.
Consult :
^ j ,
ASSEMBLY XLV1I. AL-HAJRIYAH.
885
ASSEMBLY XL VII. CALLED "AL-HAJRIYAH."
Jl
-j LiLiaJ
Jl U
J15
LjUaL
^ *Ukd!
J JJL
t>
,1X1 Jl c
U)J
, cKJ I J
1. <LUJ!^r^, the principal town of Yamamah, the most fertile
district of Hijaz, which has been mentioned as the scene of Mu-
sailamah's insurrection, in Assembly XL. p. 336, n. 30.
Consult : jU? ; (J..^ ; llu ;
25
386 ASSEMBLY XLVII.
<L) JUJ
Ui -
JuJ\ UJLj -lJ ^ 1 JJb - d
cJ^^ J
^ *^* J^F
U) \3l csJ JbuUI ~! il bu
J13 ^ jp ^^^
*J U u.^^ JU- 1^4^ ^^
L?yU!
*
- c
L^-M tlJ o\ J:
lit c/bi ^ C J. aJi. Ji tiO^
^^ j j ^
2. c-^il! 01 , etc. Metre k>Auj , as p. 189, n. 60.
Consult : y ; ^ ; JJ ; _^5 ; ^ ; JJST^ ; ^j^ ; ^^-.^ ;
AL-HAJRIYAH.
387
jLaJ
J!
cjUy 51 C<JU
jsun aj; LL^LLJ
1 Jl
\j\
uJJl JL^iJI *Jj
jJl
b ^ULdl .
, -L^J^ -ui! 4
Jj|
3. Z&Jz ^j , etc. Metre J-J^l? , as p. 5, n. 42.
Consult : c^-ij ; jj-c ;
>
388
ASSEMBLY XLVII.
J Jo
^ Jos ]
j jUliJl
J15 J J!
^ Isj U! dXaij U
J15 ^ JJAJ j^lj JlSl
U
cyj
lXJ! U 1 4) JUi
U
U
5
JU-9
U j\*
t
U!
J CLJ^ ^j
\ *
4. d^i^ J>**c^^ , etc. Metre ^MUO, as p. 189, n. 60. 5. >
yij, etc. Metre *-}.j~>, as p. 32, n. 50.
Consult : ^ ; ^ ; JJ ; )3 ; L: ; ^JJ ; ^ L ; JJ ;
AL-HAJRIYAH.
389
<Lii_U jjLM 1 JuJ>
LLJJ1
Jjl
J s lij ylis.-
c \j J
1 j J 13
HJh
c
J15
\jjt>
J JJ ***** V.
6. c^o^ t-a^, etc. Metre J^, as p. 192, n. 8
Consult : tl-1 ; ^5 ; ^1 ; ;
c
390 ASSEMBLY XLVlII.
JJLJJ 3 J_jV,iJ J-Ju^ J4jN U jjfc XJ JUli
r jj
7. ^JuJL^Li^, Abu '1-fath of Alexandria, the hero of the
Assemblies of Hamadanl, mentioned p. 3, n. 28.
ASSEMBLY XLVIII. CALLED "OF THE BANU EAR AM."
Jls
c Jt J
UU U^J
u
c
Consult : ; 2^ ; 1 ; ; ; J^ ; JJ ;
OF THE BANU HARAM.
1} \\\
1. *j** ^Jo ^Jl Ju^A^U, named after the Banu Haram, who were
an Arab tribe, settled in this quarter of Ba?rah when Umar founded
the city, and from whom the Assembly derives its title, al-Haramiyah.
This is the first Maqamah composed by Hariri, himself an inhabitant
of that quarter, and it differs from the other Assemblies in this point :
that al-Haris relates the incident in the words of Abu Zaid, a style
of composition wisely abandoned by the author, since it is obvious
that if both Abu Zaid and Hans were to speak all through in the
first person, the reader would frequently be puzzled to know which
is which. 2. c^x> U l#, etc. Metre y\j, as p. 183, n. 20.
Consult : ^ xc ; ^j% ; ; < *-- 5 t ; !/ '
392
ASSEMBLY XLVIII.
U
U
j <dJ!
U5
;
r JUJ
Aft toi
JUai5ll C
JULi
Consult :
^-
OF THE BAKU HARAM.
899
Joxi,
J ^
Jo
V) 5
Jl u b- UJj joj jj! J15
o It 1 *
j; b) b
liX &-H*~* <^_i[_^ (^^ J
_ ^.-
^J^uJI
^ j jji 4
fl_JI - <
u .
3. ,*yj LJ , etc. Metre Jjj_J?, 1st v j<3/- c 1st C
4. c .^1 l^jl , etc. Metre ^_ iji^ , as p. 94, n. 89.
Consult :
394
ASSEMBLY XLVIII.
L_5
Consult : ^w ; ^Jw? ; j^s ; Jj.c ; ^.A^- ;
OF THE BANU HARAM.
\ UJJ
J
JlS 5j
c\ Ui u
, JL>- r^iJl &V_
\^ J
^_ V .91-3 LfcJu,^ jjutj ^jUjj ,<**..V j
j S^j uXLAJ ^U J Ul1
1---3
395
^ Jl*
5.
Consult :
, etc. Metre J^, as p. 131, n. 69.
396 ASSEMBLY XL1X.
ASSEMBLY XLIX. CALLED OF SASAN."
ii <. .
S (Luuu^J 21
\X4JI f
i JJ&U ^^ Joj U $ jjiiL JU flX* Jf
rtJil U j& <fcj!y^\ Li#
*J JU^l^ *UiJ^ ^ J^j^ ^ ^ \
f 21
. .ju* u --- '
Consult : ^J ; Jj ; ^J ; ^ ;
-
OF SASAN.
;;:7
i lilioj -^y^ U?UrL ^juu UL& ^^'. ^ U
b ^fcjJIl ^ O b JUi uJ
u-fl.Vt-.f\
1. ^ULj, Sasan, whose flock or army was mentioned above, and
after whom the Assembly is called al-Sasaniyah, was the son of
a petty king of a district in Western Persia. His father disinherited
him in favour of a daughter and her progeny, whereupon he took
refuge with the Kurds, amongst whom he henceforth led the life of
a nomad and shepherd, becoming in popular tradition the founder of
the begging fraternity, and king of mendicants and vagrants.
Consult :
398 ASSEMBLY XLIX.
t
c I i c\ \ A t
rflj .4A4 jcT^ ^ IOUA.MJ C
La* (^c ^ u^ ^" e-J^ Jv*J
^ C/ lj^ Jl3
4 J-J
2. it-s' ^-^- F r Qusair, see p. 210, n. 37 ; for ash-Sha'bi,
p. 340, n. 64 ; for lyas, p. 56, n. 33 ; for Ash'ab, p. 212, n. 56 ; the
remaining persons mentioned in this passage, which is not found in
all MSS., and passed over by de Sacy, are proverbial for the qualities
attributed to them.
Consult :
OF SASAN.
399
-J JUr
an
L3
l^AJwc. Jl
Ilhll ^^ ^ IUJJI
iiu IjSLSj IL,
ja
U
Consult :
t ^->~ -j j -
400 ASSEMBLY XL1X. OF SASAN.
U uu^Iai^ c^^jl bui ^y b J15
^ ^^* ^ ^?
jl u *4\ A jUi L
1^ Jillj asb iS U C
^\ Lir;iJb jyjjcS^ iJisji cUu
oj ^^ Jkalj Jlsrl^lj JujUJ^ ^jUl> ^JJJ-H <ui^ U JLlu
^lsJl Jli' JJi Ui *U *Jil ^ Jlij ^jl; *J
U U
3. u^iil IteJ^ , etc. Metre J^K, as p. 35, n. 80.
Consult : al ; ^ ; J_s^ ; J^J ; <U& ;
ASSEMBLY L. OF BASRAH.
401
ASSEMBLY L. CALLED "OF BASRAH."
Jyi>U (Jjl J j! ^
Lj <it ..8 V
1. ^-ub b*r1, the cathedral mosque in Basrah. In this
Assembly Hariri glorifies his native town, as he had in the XLIX
paid a tribute of honour and affection to the quarter of it in which he
resided. Another link between the two compositions is formed by
the hero of the romance, who, having given in the Assembly of the
Banu Haram an account of an incident which ominously inaugurated
his questionable career, is now represented as redeeming under the
touch of divine grace his life of venturesome expedients, frequently
bordering on crime, by sincere repentance and transports of pure and
unremitting devotion.
Consult : ^x-1 ; J-fc! ; ufj) ; L-^S- ; ^ ; ^- ; ^j ;
26
402 ASSEMBLY L.
JuT
I <uj S\
^ aLJuU)!
^ ^rlll Jlc k^l:^! ^ iC-Uj ^ J-
\J\
j
sj UJLJI
^ iJ U-l 3i
Consult : ,* ; b> J ; ,-A^- ; J^l ; -.i ; ^< ; J ; J.A ; 3aJ ;
OF BASRAH.
Jl &. Ui *Jl il
\j\
~* j\
w \ljJ! 1
jk
\j ly U Ly
Jl
. w 4-..
\\\ *\ c ( \ -
O Jl C^**-J t* Jl +>*+>- ^
J JU?
i^ JU; ail l^bli l
Consult
404
ASSEMBLY L.
c J1 u^.
ULkiJl
I.
if-Lli JJt>\ l>
^ **
l3 bl
l-j1j JUJ U.1*
zJ cj
\
JJLJ
l
JUj iJjLS^ 4 &\j Us LpJ! ^JJb 4 ^-
u -
2. <dJ\ .iLx^^, etc. Metre kj*yj , as p. 299, n. 54.
Consult : *. ; ^uJ ; cJ^j ; c.-y?' ;
OF BASRAH.
400
yu* c
\j\\ u, l^LC ^ lyis u
^j Ul Ijty ^LJI
J-Jl
JjJ ^L ^ 4JJ! ^JL^J
)\ ^J1 M '^ ^^
i 11
J-*
:LJLJ1.
3. ^1^J\ ^* etc - Metre >-j, as p. 103, n. 17, and the poem is
A, asp. 81, n. 32.
Consult : c-i ; ; *>- ; 15 ; ^>^ ; - ;
406
ASSEMBLY L.
Alt
g_ '. M..n
^ , " :
-ljXJ^l *-J-2>-
%. . ^^_.T_
^l^ .'.u .11 c
%_~J.
a-L-SJ
W-*-^ <>- f^
r^ ^
l_^_-^_LJl_J aLjjj^
1 . t-_j*? *_*
(C * C l -^-' ' J . f~J
M > \ " \
J * ^ * i r _J A J
J . >r- (*- J
*M?
r-iJ^j
C
? j '
~ o
' *
A - ftJl Jl^ J. ..~-i
^JU,J\ y-^-J V O
o .4
Consult : ' u_oc. ; cl^>- ; ^C ; e^^ J
OF BASRAH.
407
3
j-^Ut,
il - S
^- 4Ja_^ j! >
<J UT
OuJSJI, *UJL!I JJLJ
Consult : Jib ; T ; ^~> ', u-^ ;
408 ASSEMBLY L. OF BASRAH.
jo jLl
. . t
.Saj
jlifll
u
aJJ
& JU^l C^L
ij ilj
txj U^ <LiJ! t^-jj j lj ^3^-* i^i J
*Jb c
Consult :
VOCABULARY
TO THE LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
P. 384, 1. 13.
^i 4 c^y*
P. 398, 1. 12 ; J^\ d
see Ar. Prov. i, 329, 334, 338 ; i, 743, 499 ; i, 464, 637; ii, 151 ;
ii, 48 ; i, 737, 195 ; i, 409.
r 4-L*dLaJi
P. 390, 1. 15.
i)
P. 396, 1. 11 ; coinp. p. 56, n. 35.
410 VOCABULARY TO THE
c-jj t_>> Ju:
P. 358, 1. 8 ; J*Xc. J "Jj a^ ^3Ji 1 JJi>
see Ar. Prov. i, 75, and my note to the passage in my Translation.
-
P. 358, 1. 9 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 529, 549.
LJ j\> j\
ca-j U3b J J^ j\j **Ui 4 fij
<LJ b
P. 348, 1. 17 ; comp. the English " I am all ear."
<j,
P. 354, 1. 4 ; f^V U"^^ ^ !*"**
see Qur'an, xvii, 73.
P. 405, 1. 4.
J15 AJyJ .UuJ JJJ-oJj ^j^* JUJ
P. 357, 1. 8 ;
see Qur'an, lix, 23
P. 402, 1. 4.
4 il/^ rr JU j^ J.^ J-^L!
^.^tucJ J^iU JjJ
P. 375, 1. 14.
P. 365, 1. 14. <L^ J^l! JT (JT jj^Jl^J) J
^ \*\ jSt ji ^ ASit^l 4^ 51 ^ 04^ /^
P. 364, 1. i.
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES. 1 1 1
Jl Jlfij JLJ
P. 366, 1. 14.
LSyiyi
Jjj L^
P. 373, 1 8.
IfJ ^ 21 ^1 DcJI
P. 376, 1. 16.
P. 360, 1. 8. j&\ ^ Jx ^ JJ fy Jj>\
P. 361, 1. 17. citjjM Ifcy (J ^1 ^ (tju
^^ll^^^U c-^b >^ CU!\ 4 uu^yUiS! J uju
P. 387, 1. 10 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 195.
P. 356, 1. 13. c-
P. 400, 1. 7. jjfyJl UU^ JUK U (tl^ G)
JjJJ Li-.J! J j^Slj t ^y <uK UT (JJ! cL^ 4! CJ)
P. 407, 1. 4. j~*J& ^ ^1 JLC AJ u^waillj A! J^rr^-^^
l^l j j! ^\ C/U j\ (juU^ Jy>U ^/l j J! u l^
it^W Juwu*^ jjjfe! yb ^ Jo ^o iXiLu^j! 4jyi>L <UAJ LC
P. 401, 1. 6. ^^/^ '^A^ *l^Ll
* Jui^ <L4^c\3 ^^ '^ri- <LuM.fr ! J
P. 389, 1. 8.
P. 349, 1. 7. teyey* W^ J^ ^^"
P. 393, 1. 7. *<&\ JyW (O^tj Jo ^t) Jo!
U
413 VOCABULARY TO THE
) ti^j \j\
P. 358, 1. 17.
P. 392, 1. 16. J3 Jy! ^ ( J&L)
AX. ,5
P. 358, 1. 6.
J15
P. 358, 1. 12; comp. p. 93, 1. 11.
P. 357, 1. 8. .
P. 381, 1. 9.
P. 357, 1. 9.
S^ <J Jua^l ^ JLL
j^ : JL? ^^_j 2f jcsxj^l C^ly ^^^ */* Lu^>^ J5
P. 391, 1. 13.
4 ^fiJI Jje ^ ^*j ^LJ^ ^ Joy. (ci^J
P. 399, 1. 9. AMU 1 J dJ ^Juj X5
Ijo-xl ^j^ alJT J <U -Jlj JUb c?3j
P. 357, 1. 16.
cv
P. 386, 1. 19.
P. 397, 1. 3.
P. 353, 1. 9. U! e-JUl!
^^-i ^ ^
P. 379, 1. 9 ; see Qur'an, xxiv, 35
LAST TEN ASSEMHLM .
P. 359, 1. 8.
P. 396, 1. 4; comp. p. 152, 1. 2
^ *^*- J 1
Jyv.
P. 372, 1. 16 ;
see Ar. Prov. i, 94.
& tJj
P. 371, 1. 9.
P. 373, 1. 2.
P. 379, 1. 7.
J
Ju
; ^ +~a
P. 385, 1. 4 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 197.
P. 392, 1. 20.
P. 408, 1. 18.
P. 407, 1.3.
413
^ ,
j^l JiS
Jlil jJJJl
b JL.J J ( L A*i <>> JV
P. 350, 1. 5 ; in my MS. the word ^ J^ is explained by the
Persian jJj
414
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 374, 1. 7.
P. 364, 1.20. L
P. 373, 1. 13.
J a \j ^
c^ss c^Jb
P. 354, 1. 4 ; see Qur'an, Ixxx, 15.
P. 384, 1. 3.
P. 371, 1. 1.
^Li ^r^kwJ
P. 381, 1. 13.
P. 361, 1. 16.
t
P. 382, 1. 2.
P. 387, 1. 16.
P. 350, 1. 18.
P. 353, 1. 1 ;
see Ar. Prov. ii, 255.
P. 380, 1. 2.
( Jlj J JU)
^iJ 1 jl o\ (clJ\ \J 1 Ji) c jj
(<LL.^ Ij) ^
.J
b Jj)
Lalfc
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
11.
P. 386, 1. 3 ;
see AT. Prov. i, 49.
P. 354,1. 14.
p. 378, i.i8. ^
P. 388, 1. 4.
P. 374, 1. 10.
P. 374, 1. 4. aiiji
P. 361, 1. 7.
P. 387, 1. 3.
<"
V^vL5 dj
P. 379, 1. 7.
P. 364, 1. 8 ; SjlftJl c-^AJJ^
comp. p. 105, n. 32, and p. 79, 1. 1
P. 375, 1. 2.
\ JIS cuJ
U! ^ 'IsN Jljjlj jj^ ^.Jj joo JG\ \ j
U *W! J l^y JlJS\ li^J ic
P. 352, 1. 8.
-UN
My
*Ju J)
-
416 VOCABULARY TO THE
LJlc
P. 383, 1. 17. tJL*
^
P. 362, 1. 15. A*^ J 'U!l LJU ^ (J$t*M *JU3j) J^J
ILJ1
P. 379, 1. 8.
P. 398, 1. 3.
P. 370, 1. 18. u.^A-^1 UjJ <0 Jlib U^lis- L^S^ Jjcj U
P. 381, 1. 6.
v>
P. 372, 1.17. aJOjr \* J ^JJ^ < sL^iJi ^^o (Ul^ b\ *L*)
(<L)Jj*J\ ajd
J^lj \^ J^-J j! jib ,\ C
P. 361, 1.21. '^
P. 367, 1.16.
P. 363, 1. 12.
y^l^ ^Ja)\
P. 388, 1. 15.
^jojs-
P. 394, 1. 11.
kJl <U ^^L
P. 380, 1. 1.
i-^ 5 ^^ ^JJLrcvSl
^ j^ ^JL> jJJ J
P. 404, 1. 14.
P. 398, 1. 12.
LAST TEX ASSEMBLII -.
417
P. 383, 1. 9.
l3)J\ ^ aj
P. 372, 1. 8.
J
P. 354, 1. 12.
LL\ J*-AJ\ Ij
Jl^iJ
i J15
P. 363, 1. 9.
JIL J
P. 373, 1. 1.
P. 369, 1. 2.
P. 355, 1. 6. 'UJ1
P. 379, 1. 3.
P. 372, 1. 1 ;
for ^-^ see Qur'an, Ivi, 36.
P. 388, 1. 1. &uJL~ ^\
P. 402, 1. 3.
uJLs)
J5 Jill!)
*
27
418
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 354, 1. 2.
P. 404, 1. 11.
P. 392, 1. 5.
P. 399, 1. 19 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 303.
ul
P. 350, 1. 13 ; comp. p. 240, n. 5
P. 379, 1. 9.
U
\j *Ju
P. 382, 1. 1.
P. 353, 1. 16.
^1 UUi
>
P. 359, 1. 6 ;
comp. a similar expression p. 329, n. 72.
\ U JU; UJ 5!
W .. ..
ii)
LJji
J J U
P. 377, 1. 13.
P. 406, 1. 5.
Jjj
P. 374, 1. 11.
UA -J <Lu
<-
P. 349, 1. 10.
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
119
P. 379, 1. 2.
.1 J6 \J\
f 4 A**,
J*1 Jj
P. 386, 1. 7.
Li
P. 362, 1. 6.
JJ U
P. 373, 1. 16.
\ c^jujsr-'l (^\ (1 ^j^s^\ -j,\ ,n j LlxJ j Jcai u:
*i : M t~\tt *
yo^>- ^t_j\-Ji (Jj^ 1 ' ,.^->
. 4^ r
P. 408, 1. 6.
5 r* Ls^ A4&J
P. 402, 1. 21 ; comp. p. 299, 1. 4. JlJl 4 *
P. 375, 1. 9 ; see Qur'an, iv, 73.
C.
^^ . ^3
-LJI ^U JUb U^ UU-
P. 369, 1. 4.
Jtj A! ^jj
P. 360, 1. 10.
U UL5U A5
aU U
P. 396, 1. 9.
. ^.^
P. 386, 1. 2.
uui
420 VOCABULARY TO THE
+~,\
*
P. 392, 1. 18.
P. 389, 1. 10.
i?la>- ^ J ^,19
P. 350, 1. 17.
P. 397, 1. 10.
v^, t^
P. 362, 1. 16.
jl^ft
P. 372, 1. 15.
P. 366, 1.11. K
^\ l^JJ L-iUiJ J^jJ U
P. 383, 1. 3.
P. 387, 1. 18. \
P. 405, 1. 6.
P. 351, 1. 13. J*J! ^j ,UU v .
P. 376, 1. 7. <u^ J (
^ ^511 ^ ki^\ ^\i^! 4 C
P. 383, 1. 16. acj JU! l^J ^jj U
P. 353, 1. 10 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 251.
>~ 5 J C/*J L-S"* LL^ < ^ Jt-J iJ' 4-^**--* c^
P. 372, 1. 18. <U\ l^ip- i^j^Jj L> ,
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
UI
P. 389, 1. 10 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 345.
Joe*;
P. 387, 1. 5.
P. 403, 1. 11.
U! '! Jcjfl ^ .
P. 376, 1. 13 ;
comp p. 113, 1. 2.
J1
.
P. 377,1. 17.
P. 399, 1. 14.
U
^ U)
P. 362, 1. 18.
(J. Jlfilj j {1^ 11 ^,ff, ? .R.Js> J ( JUr'l t^L-C.
P. 377, 1. 13 ; comp. p. 46, 1. 7.
jJJl
P. 391, 1. 2.
P. 355, 1. 7.
P. 356, 1. 16.
JSLfiN *Lo^i
P. 359, 1. 9 ; comp. p. 142, 1. 6.
* 1 *j <L.*.Jl.a i j*-**> <-5 <Li^ <\j i ... ."v. o
P. 350, 1. 7 ; see Qur'an, xl, 20.
P. 405, 1. 13.
^c JU
(JU^il J^
J) k/
P. 376, 1. 10.
422
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 362,1. 11.
j JU- JJO
P. 357, 1 9 ; comp. p. 273, n. 43
P. 377, 1. 6. 'ULJI ^ J)U
P. 357, 1. 17.
kU J
P. 351, 1. 9.
<J\
P. 360, 1. 7 ; comp. p. 184, 1. 4.
P. 393, 1. 8.
P. 384, 1. 12.
P. 362, 1. 10.
*j\ c^xliJ \
P. 390, 1. 20.
U JS UU
P. 355, 1. 3.
P. 362, 1. 12.
Ub^Vi)
JJUl\
\ ci^X\ UJll^)
(
y&
(^UJl
P. 374, 1. 8 ;
see Qur'an, xxiii, 1 1 0.
J !j^l Jlw JlS
LAST TEN ASSI.MULIBS.
} .- .;
P. 370, 1. 16.
P. 390, 1. 15.
P. 394, 1. 12.
A*3! ^ i
P. 389, 1. 16.
Joo
J>J\
^
P. 389, 1. 16.
P. 355, 1. 16. l^xc LiJI Jlj 1 j\
aJ^L^I ifl^Jl c^k
P. 361, 1.8.
L5
P. 374, 1. 12.
\ *JLl! Lv (-JaJ! ' ' '*
P. 377, 1. 14.
P. 399, 1. 4.
M . Jt sr, J aSUI
P. 385, 1. 6 ; 2
see Qur'an, xvi, 78.
J lJ! J JJJ! ^ c
P. 397, 1. 5.
LO
P. 405, 1. 8.
Jlu
Jfl|,
424
*~a
VOCABULARY TO THE
er* 'V*
P. 370, 1. 5.
P. 356, 1. 16.
i J u
JU)\
-
P. 349, 1. 3.
j Jus
_X>- t$\+* .+. ( js L
. .
P. 404, 1. 4.
P. 366, 1. 13.
<!^=jJ ! jl j
UljL)
P. 372, 1. 14 ; comp. Ar. Prov. ii, 612, 815, and i, 720. ^
P. 408, 1. 4 ; comp. Gramm., p. 192.
P. 405, 1. 14.
*j;JJb *
P. 356, 1. 1.
Ll^ JJ y
P. 398, 1. 11.
xJiiN J
i
P. 372, 1. 18.
-js:\ U^^Uw
P. 386, 1. 9.
. UU*
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES. 1 .'.',
o
P. 379, 1. 11. *Ly, ^^ -15,
P. 379, 1. 11.
.
P. 372, 1. 14 ; see Ar. Prov. ii, 418. A! L y^J^ U
ill ^j ^j
j ^ JbJiSlj
P. 356, 1. 17.
IlLUJl
P. 350, 1. 11.
P. 391, 1. 11.
j^l c^
P. 384, 1. 2.
P. 360, 1. 8. e^*ijJl o-l (JJU) ,j
J ^Ij t ,L.r^\ <Ul Civile ( -^J (
P. 360, 1. 1.
u liUj^! JJJjJI J.U! jj
P. 382, 1. 1. Lb\d\ JjM J-5j A.JL* J
P. 369, 1. 17 ; .UJ/J! ILid\ ^ ( J5 jJ\ J-^ 4 ^1) JJJ
see Qur'an, lix, 5.
j^i (coJi J
P. 354, 1. 11.
*\s*}\ uJ^I jj^j U! ^ -ftJj (uJJj uJJjJ) ^
P. 366, 1. 17.
426
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 361, 1. 19.
P. 375, 1. 9; comp. p. 361, 1. 19
P. 391, 1. 9. +^
J! A g -. a U>- Jbj ff
P. 378, 1. 19.
P. 397, 1. 10.
P. 384, 1. 4. J
JtJil iJ
P. 402, 1. 3.
P. 402, 1. 10.
^ JLJ
A^tf
P. 386, 1. 19.
j 51 jCJJl pbwuu^ll -ill
V J"
P. 361, 1. 10.
<Lkc
P. 392, 1. 13.
P. 358, 1. 4.
P. 362, 1. 8.
^^^>-
\j
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
I.T
376, L 14.
P. 369, 1. 13.
P. 349, 1.13.
SlS t
P. 362, 1. 16.
sU-*!! ^\r^
p. 400, i. 10.
P. 364, 1. 8.
P. 386, 1. 13.
JL51N
jj\
.
i c^5 J )l)
a LJ\
(C$J
; J 3 c yU\
JiiH
Jj> j
< ; .
P. 378, 1. 11 ;
de Sacy reads JJ^, which gives no satisfactory sense.
l^Uil' L^^I^, l^li ^jl^^ tf JUb (Jl JJ3
>^Li ^ l^Lola O xc ^ jjj JlL J
P. 354, 1. 17.
P. 363, 1. 1. u\ (c^^U-. U
P. 384, 1. 8. j\*\\ ^L J
P. 377, 1.15.
P. 395, 1.7.
P. 397,1. 14. c
428 VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 375, 1. 18.
l0?-jjaCjJ! JUbj
P. 404, 1. 10.
P. 378, 1. 1 ;
see Qur'an, Ixv, 7, and comp. ib. xv, 1 7.
^ J^l l^Jo: fiul
P. 373, 1. 4. J^l 4
P. 404, 1. 22.
J J3 ^Jj>^, .JUj JlS *J -^ .
P. 392, 1. 1 ; see Qur'an, xxvii, 74.
U
P. 372, 1. 19.
P. 351, 1. 1.
P. 384, 1. 6.
\j\
P. 354, 1. 13.
J 4J| Jos)
P. 355, 1. 14
jJb J
P. 392, 1. 9.
P. 385, 1. 15
JUu JjxjUJ!
P. 350, 1. 11. U, J^Tjj ^
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES. 5 .'
J
^J U
P. 387, 1. 9 ; see Qur'an, xi, 109.
P. 361, 1.1. ^U^U^
cpj J^5I1 ^j ^ l b B -w
P. 381, 1. 12.
P. 375, 1. 13.
P. 396, 1. 16. <LjL <uJ,
^UJ^ ^
P. 403, 1. 6.
JJl COIL 1 ^\ (uXJlijj
P. 387, 1. 1. < 'j/'M 4 telsc**
ikJ^ L<y ^1 U.-aJj (<U?iJ\ J. JJ U bJkjy
b
P. 366, 1. 10; see Ar. Prov. i, 180. JlJJ <U
P. 350, 1. 8.
P. 377, 1.17.
P. 388, 1. 14. CU.W3 U
JL^uJ\ J *ly J^
P. 352, 1. 3 ; coinp. p. 39, 1. 2. L/J! *'**> J\
ckj^ (VV^ c/ L ^ V V/Vi j (^ ^r > ' U ^ (V
u XII I .
P. 360, 1.9.
430
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 408, 1. 2.
JS*+ju
P. 370, 1. 11.
lJ ; ^ ^Lc JLsJLjJ! 4 JlS
P. 351, 1. 5 ; see also p. 99, 1. 12.
~ A Ju ^
^ J
Lc c_
i
P. 353, 1.12.
p. 376, i. 3.
P. 397, 1. 1.
P. 376, 1. 8. Jo
^\
J\ (Jb
-^Ll J-J>
P. 399, 1.1.
P. 393, 1. 9 ; comp. p. 47, 1. 7.
P. 387, 1. 12. <U JjU
Jjb J (^
vlT^J
*j^
P. 351,1. 8.
is)
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
431
P. 354, 1.6.
P. 362, 1. 20.
P. 366, 1. 2.
P. 397 1. 9.
P. 390, 1.6.
P. 356, 1. 18.
P. 375, 1. 4.
U 3J1j
P. 389, L 10.
P. 357, 1. 18.
P. 362, 1. 5.
P. 365, 1. 12.
r~j
v
IjUaJi
o
, ^^
j/ * .
A-jJi l^Lc
JlJb
>r kJI ifi>. 4
P. 405, 1. 2 ; *
see Ar. Prov. i, 192, 401 ; ii, 86.
P. 355, 1. 9.
P. 399, 1. 16.
)l)
U-J) -
^5*
U11
i5U!
\ J^UjJi
U
P. 380, 1. 16.
432 VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 383, 1.17. Ic^JU-ol (J3j) Jj
P. 348, 1. 17.
P. 379, 1. 17.
P. 359, 1. 12.
U
JU LJ jj-J^ *U31 1.^!! ^ 4 v^J ^J-J! f bt 4 ^
P. 355, 1. 4. 1 j,lj l^
J^AJ ^$\ *pa djfa ^ J^-jpl ^^-jJij (li- ^ ^jJ
P. 356, 1. 12. ^j Jb j-ar/J jUSS! ^UJ
P. 396, 1. 12.
(Jl dL5Jill t ,jf\
P. 402, 1.11. JuJ!
P. 391, 1. 12. f*^> *UU1^ J'v&j^ *Lail! Aajl
j^ Ui ^ j\ C^jJl llbj ^^ iLcj jlj ^ Uj (Jl Ifcj jJJ
P. 380, 1. 5. ^*& J\ CJJcjslj CL
P. 386, 1. 9. iUirLj^ J (^^1 alfcjjls)
Tjui ^3.- A-jLl! (juJcJJ \jsj)
P. 365, 1. 17.
P. 377, 1. 2. c-jjXJ! KJ^ J JujjJ^ ( JJL JJ^J- u
LAST TEN AS8KMM.I1 S.
P. 388, 1. 10.
P. 388,1. 7.
.:;;
P. 368, I. 11 ; for the second meaning see Qur'an, xxii, 15.
P. 373, 1. 15 ;
see Qur'an, Ixxviii, 9.
P.405,1. 10. c
< j
P. 354, 1. 8; comp. Qur'an, ix, 92.
d
P. 376, 1. 17.
P. 407, 1.18.
P. 354, 1. 14.
I '
P. 350, 1. 6.
P. 364, 1. 19.
L-^uusd ^Lu JLJ^Ji
P. 393, 1. 15 ; see Qur'an, Ixxv, 36,
and comp. p. 157, n. 29.
P. 351, 1. 1.
P. 355, 1. 5.
^ y tfy) ,
sr
I->
jr*
*
kJl
28
434
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 376, 1. 3.
(^LJl ^^L JL&)
P. 381, 1. 13; corap. p. 198, 1. 15.
P. 366, 1. 8 ; comp. p. 1, n. 8.
P. 366, 1. 16 ;
see Qur'an, vi, 25, and passim
P. 369, 1. 8.
P. 384, 1. 4.
U
P. 358, 1. 14.
j Jj\
<u
P. 407, 1. 5.
111 1^1 !^U.j ^^ ^-\ J
P. 397, 1. 12 ; see Ar. Prov. i, 416.
P. 352, 1. 5.
^1 Jjbl *XJb, J
k.f^-3-11 ^T^ ^ j
P. 392, 1. 4 ; comp. p. 340, n. 63.
JIS ti\ ^
u<; ^^^
P. 363, 1. 5.
J"
L^-XJI
J JU> ^
P. 367, 1. 4.
P. 351, 1. 2.
P. 363, 1. 13.
*}-*-"
P. 393, 1. 11.
P. 405, 1. 14.
-^Jl ^yJ^ \
P. 378, 1. 16.
JLJ^fiwJ J.^
P. 395, 1. 4.
OJ^- Ijl
P. 353, 1. 14.
P. 358, 1. 20.
P. 384, 1. 10.
P. 406, 1. 13.
P. 363, 1. 10.
y*^ r --c <j <J
P. 400, 1. 12.
P. 355, 1. 11.
lbi.)ll ^
P. 368, 1. 11.
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
430
JLJ1 ^U \J\
Jfi ./ (^JiLiN A
J J
x
*
(LiLuJl ^vJu^.) -
"
. ^j-
436
VOCABULARY TO THE
te
P. 377, 1. 4.
P. 366, 1. 9.
r
P. 350, 1. 16.
P. 355, 1. 1.
_AwuJ
P. 353, 1. 11.
!K dc^lj ij
P. 369, 1. 6.
<L.li ! J
IJ 1J
P. 380, 1. 6.
^ii J ni>
P. 387, 1. 16.
P. 399, 1. 11.
P. 383 1. 2.
P. 373, 1. 16.
P. 353, 1. 5.
^j
P, 359, 1. 5.
(Jf*>)U 1 U
J ! _^u-i
( J\ tiki 1 j) Ll
l )
LAST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
437
P. 377, 1. 3.
p. 401,1. i.
j
P. 391, 1. 4.
P. 388, 1. 14.
P. 379, 1. 5.
P. 367, 1. 10.
P. 356, 1. 6.
J
UN Jt lJ JLiliU >\^\
T* C.fi
U c^-j >- ; \J\
jJI W UJ
cs-lfiJl tfjl? c^siLli UU
^1 J JL^U^S^ il^LJ^ J
P. 389, 1. 11 ; see Ar. Prov. ii, 618.
i u
J
P. 372, 1. 17.
P. 353, 1. 13.
.T J!
438
VOCABULARY TO THE
*J'
P. 372, 1. 19.
fU-
P. 383, 1. 12.
^ J
P. 383, 1. 11.
P. 397, 1.6.
P. 393, 1. 8.
P. 399, 1.11.
uJ JkJI
P. 392, 1. 9.
^ JJJL1I
P. 364, 1.11.
P. 404, 1. 20.
4 L^l^ j
P. 389, 1. 2.
Jot
"J
,
. A .
J
U S
U
A^
yuM
lj\
LAST TEN ASSEMHLIFS.
- 387, i. s.
W fc1y
P. 382, 1. 15.
P. 351, 1. 16.
Jull
P. 352, 1. 9.
! j! i'oj^ Ji^
a\ \j\s IfJUj ^ JJJb
P. 358, 1. 11 ; see Ar. Prov. ii, 70.
P. 364, 1. 12.
*\\ J\ JU CnU- J^-Jpl
P. 348, 1. 16.
P. 376, 1. 11.
P. 358, 1. 12.
P. 371,1. 7.
P. 377, 1. 1.
P. 394, 1. 3.
LL.I JlJb, ^A^-J A^J
1^ Uyd IUJ
P. 365, 1. 12 ; J,fl JSJ\
see Ar. Prov. i, 743.
^ ddl5
^ JD
(UUb
^ JUJI JXlp
(Ju
440 VOCABULARY TO THE
iil J
T. 393, 1. 2.
P. 351, 1. 14.
P. 379, 1. 9. t~ U cul*** J^ ^ (^ U
jr ,^ 4
P. 357, 1. 17.
P. 394, 1. 4.
P. 366, 1. 18. JLA\
J J13 U3
P. 386, 1. 15.
P. 362, 1. 10. s\ JJu'
b- UJI
_J^
-*' $ LiXc Ll^-Vw-. J j c-^:=^ 5!i %-^***J 51 Ltft .MOJ
P. 382, 1. 3. <J
P. 387, 1. 18. jLU ^ (c^ - ^
\ ... j J ^ jjl JJj ^ J2I\ t^oLj ^UJ
P. 381, 1. 8. lj
P. 385, 1. 12.
^AMjl -:j!i ^J
P. 378, 1. 3.
P. 351, 1. 4. ^r^j C^Uj^ IJ^M^ e-^JbJ ^ (cLaJl) ?;^
c-^x-o^ cLx^^rj L.*..*.^ ^1 (tLcL-tf i&AJLJ ^uud-ij) c*s
P. 361, 1. 6; comp. p. 68, 1. 8.
P. 366, 1 12.
P. 377, 1.17.
LAST TEN ASSEMBLlls. .j j j
-JJl a'lr, ^\ \ (AJ 1 J U)
P. 389, 1. 4.
\ ^\ M} (
c
P. 396, 1. 17 ; see Qur'an, xii, 44.
U UU
P. 359, 1. 11.
AclUJ! ^ ^-y
P. 391, 1. 5.
P. 386, 1. 6.
^ J ^
P. 358, 1. 9 ;
see Ar. Prov. ii, 8.
U
P. 401, 1. 14.
P. 387, 1. 6.
o
Jl JU ^ J. J Jl
ij lijw*^* I
^
u
u^l J)
UJ)
-
442
VOCABULARY TO THE
.Jl
L^Jj
IfJ cLaJ
<U
l_jL-2 ^^ '^\^
LJ LJ lJLul-^uJ
P. 365. 1. 6 ;
see Ar. Prov. ii, 197
P. 379, 1. 13.
Jy
al^j L*T cJ^ S)
P. 371, 1. 12.
P. 385, 1. 6; eomp. Qur'an, Ixxxiv, 19.
p. 38o, 1. 10.
P. 380, 1. 4.
oy jJj <J JU
J JU11
P. 399, 1. 15. (JJ^ JJ <U\
p. 375, 1. 13.
P. 360, 1. 4.
P. 372, 1. 11.
P. 362, 1. 13.
P. 368, 1. 19.
U
.
k* U)
(jll? Jo ! j^
LAST TEN ASSKMKUl L
;; I
, 1.10.
- 361, 1. 18.
P. 362, 1. 19.
M ^
P. 378, 1. 13.
P. 363, 1. 18.
P. 358, 1. 11.
P. 355, 1. 13.
,> x J\
'Uall ^ y ^LLij^l *U11
P. 380, 1. 15. Ijol C/J^s? 51
P. 387, 1. 4.
Atf
JJj
P. 356,1. 5. J
P. 354, 1. 5.
P. 395, 1. 12. JJUll
P. 382, 1. 14.
l|J
J)
J
441
VOCABULARY TO THE
P. 383, 1. 9.
P. 405, 1. 19.
P. 383, 1. 6.
P. 383, 1. 7.
p. 382, i. H.
*.js:
P. 382, 1. 14.
ALJj
P. 379, 1. 6.
P. 383, 1. 2.
P. 352, 1. 9.
^
P. 359, 1. 11.
fC
c
la^J
P. 383, 1. 10. +^\ d J-oJ
Lj jj>J^ ^^^ JLi-jtiaJl ^_jj ^1 (<L~*k Ais^! ^1 JLC)
J \j\) L~J&> y J'Jb _jyz> 4 c^^J U i'l^^j ^p J ^1 i'
P. 361, 1. 7.
LJJ0
l<J!
LAST TEN ASSKMHI.IFB.
P. 359, 1. 2.
P. 384,1. 16.
P. 381, 1. 5.
Jxli
P. 365, 1. 18.
P. 349, 1.12;
comp. Gramm. p. 199, 2.
P. 362, 1. 2.
J
P. 349, 1. 8 ; see p. 83, 1. 11.
c JJJU ^=^5
P. 353, 1. 9.
Jyi)! JJ^J*!
P. 365, 1. 14.
ULC
r-j Li > J-J
P. 375, 1. 6.
P. 370, 1. 1.
ic J-J
j
P. 349, 1. 4.
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L\ST TEN ASSEMBLIES.
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P. 383, 1. 8 ; for
comp. p. 212, n. 62.
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P. 381, 1. 16; for ji-. comp. Qur'an, xxxiii, 19.
P. 406, 1. 9 ; see Qur'an, vii, 97.
P. 407, 1. 9 ; see Qur'an, xliv, 36, and 1. 13.
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see Qur'an, ii, 282.
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P. 359, 1. 11.
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P. 359, 1. 2.
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P. 384, 1. 7.
P. 383, 1. 5.
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