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R.%<f-—^ 




STOWS TOMB, IN S, ANDREW UNDERSIIAFT 

[Photographed liy ]>timiasi<,n from ilie oiininal] 



SURVEY OF LONDON 

BY JOHN STOW 



REPRINTED FROM THE TEXT OF 1603 



WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES 

BY 

CHARLES LETHBRIDGE KINGSFORD. M.A. 

ST. John's couige 

EDITOR OP 'chronicles OF LONDON* 



VOLUME II 



OXFORD 
AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 

1908 



HENRY FROWDF, M.A. 

PUBLISHBB TO THE UNIVEKSITY Or OXFORD 

LONDON, EDINBURGH 
NEW YORK AND TORONTO 



CONTENTS 

VOLUME II 

PAGE 

Text of 1603 (continued) i 

The Variations of the first edition of the Survey in 1598 

FROM THE Text OF 1603 230 

Notes 269 

Supplement to Notes 389 

Glossary • 398 

Indexes : 

I, Of Persons 419 

II. Of Places . 452 

III. Of Subjects 467 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



Stow's Tomb in S. Andrew Undershaft, photographed by 

permission from the Original . • • . Frontispiece 

Autograph of Stow, from Laud MS. Misc. 557 (in the Bodleian 

Library) .*•.••.. on front cover 

From Tanner MS. 464 (i), f. 155, in the Bodleian Library. 

Map of London, showing the Wards and Liberties as described by 
Stow, circa 1600. By Emery Walker. 

Based on a comparison of Stow's text with .the maps of Hoefnagel in 
Braun and Hogenbeig's atlas {circa 1560), of Faithome (1658), and of 
Morden and Lea (1682). The information so obtained has been laid down 
on the first edition of the 25-inch Ordnance Map of the Survey of i873« 
The plan of the Tower is taken from a drawmg made in 1597, and 
engraved in Vetusta Manumentcu The famous map of Ralph y^s was 
probably based on Hoefnagel's map • . . to fold out at end 



Queene Hithe Warde 



^"/'irti 



EXT vnto Bredatreele Warde on the south side thereof, is Queene Hithe 
lueene Hithe warde, so called of a water gate, or harborow " '' 
for boates, lighters, and barges, and was of old time for ^^H 

ihippes, at what time the timber bridge of London was ^^H 

drawne vp, for the passage of them to the said Hithe, as to ^^H 

1 principall strand for landing and vnlading against the 
iDtdde&t and hart of the Citie, This Warde beginneth in 
the East, in Knightriders strcete, on the south side thereof, Knigbtriden 
at the East end of the parish church called the holy Trinity, *''"'"■ ^^^1 
and runneth west on the south side to a lane called Lambert ^^^| 

hill, which is the length of the warde in Knightriders streete, ^^H 

out of the which streete are diuers lanes, running south to 
Thames streete, and are of this warde : the first is Trinity Trinity lane, 
lane, which runneth downe by the west end of Trinity Church, 
Then is Spuren lane, or Spooners' lane, now called Huggen Spuren lane, 
lane. Then Bredslreete hill. Then S. Mary Afounthaunl ixl^^^^" 
out of the which lane, on the East side thereof, is one other 
lane, turning East, through S. Nicholas Olaties church yard, to 
Bredstreete hill. This lane is called Finimore lane, or fiue Finimote or 
foote lane, because it is but fiue foote in breadth at the west ""^ "'*" ^*' 
end : In the middest of this lane, runneth downe one other 
line broader, south to Thames streete, I thinke the same to 
|faee called Desboorne lane, for I readc of such a lane to haue DesbomeUne 
in the parish of Mary Summerset^ in the 22. yeare of 
\dward the third, where there is sayde to lye betweene the 
Tenement {of) Edward de Mountacute knight, on the East ^^m 

parte, and the Tenement sometime pertayning to WUliain ^^^k 

Gladwine on the west, one plot of ground, contayning in length ^^| 

towards Thames streete 25. foote, &c. 

Last of all, haue you Lambart hill lane, so called of one Lmmbcit bill, 
Lambart owner thereof: and this is the furthest west part of 
warde. 



' Spooners] /fiojy Spomers ijgS 



J 



2 Queene Hithe JVarde 

On the north side comming downe from Knightriders street, 
Pag*}ss the I East side of Lambart hill is wholly of this warde: and 
the west side, from the north end of the Blacke-smithes Hall 
(which is about the middest of this lane) vnto Thames streete. 
Then part of Thames streete is also of this warde, to wit, 
from a Cooks house called the signe of King Dauid^ three 
houses west from the old Swan Brewhouse in the East, vnto 
Huntington house, ouer against Saint Peters Church in the 
west, neare vnto Powles WharfTe. And on the lane side, 
from a Cookes house called the blew Boore, to the west end 
of Saint Peters Church, and vp Saint Peters hill, two houses 
North aboue the said Church. And these be the bounds of 
this ward : in which are Parrish churches seuen, Halles oi 
companies two, & other ornaments as shall be shewed. 
Parish chorch First, in Knightriders streete, is the small parish church ol 
of the Trinity, ^g holy Trinity, very old, and in danger of downe falHng: 
collections haue beene made for reparing thereof, but they 
will not stretch so farre, and therefore it leaneth vpon proppes, 
or stilts. Monuments as foUoweth. 

lohn Brian^ Alderman in the raign of H. the fift, a great 
benefactor. lohn Chamber had a Chauntrie there. Thomas 
Rishby Esquier, and Alice his wife, within the Chauncell. 
lohn Mir fin ^ auditor of the Exchequer 1471. Sir Richard 
Fowlar of Rycote ^ in Oxfordshire, 1528. George Cope second 
Sonne to At lohn Cope of Copesashby in Northamptonshire, 157a 
Parish charch Towardes the west end of Knightriders street is the parisli 
CoW AbuS'^ church of S. Nicholas Cold Abbey, a proper church, somewhat 
ancient, as appeareth by the wayes raysed thereabout, so thai 
men are forced to descend into the body of the church : il 
hath bin called of many Colden^ Abbey, of some, ColdAbbey^ 
or Cold Bey, & so hath the most ancient writings, as standing 
in a cold place, as Cold harbor, and such like. The steeple oi 
tall tower of this church, with the south He, hath beene o: 
a later building, to wit the i. of 7?. a. when it was ment the 
whole old church should haue bin new builded, as appearetl 
by the arching begun on the east side the steeple, vnder y' 
which, in the stone work, the armes of one Btickland Esquiei 
and his wife, daughter to Beaupere, are cut in stone, & alsc 

* Rycote] Ricks 1603 ■ Colden, Cold 1633 



Queene Htthe IVarde 3 

are in the glasse windowes, wherby it app c ar e th he was the 
builder of y^ steeple, & repairer of the residue. The 06. of 
E. the 3. Ani^drew) Aubery being | Maior» 71 Frere Fish-zv^jrjtf 
monger gaue one peece of ground to the said parish church of 
S. Nic. containing 86. feete in length, & 43. feete at one end, 
and 34. at the other in bredth, for a Cemitorie or churchyeard. 
The 20. of Richard the second, Thomas Bar nar de-Castle^ 
Clearke, lohn Sanderash Clearke, and lohn Nouncy^ gaue to 
the Parson and Churchwardens of the saide church and theyr 
successors, one messuage and one shoppe with the appurten- 
ances in Distaffe lane and olde Fishstreete, for the reparation 
of the body of the saide church, the Belfrey or steeple, and 
omamentes. 

Buried in this church, lohn Calfe, & WUliam G^eshall, 
1426. W altar Turke Fishmoi^r, Masror 1349- Richarde 
Es{g)cuUme Fishmonger, 1330. Nicholas Wolbergt Fishmon- 
ger, 1407. Thomas Padington Fishmonger, 1485. Robert Hary^ 
Fishmonger, lohn Surtng^ 1490. Roger Darlington^ Fish- 
monger, 1557. Richard Lacty^ Parson, vnder a fayre tombe 
on the North side the Quire, 1491. Richard Bradbrudge^ 1497. 
William Clarke^ 1501, lames Pieman^ 1507- Richard Farne- 
ftfrd, 1525, Thomas Nicholas, Fishmonger, 1527. William 
Barde Fishmonger, 1528. 

On the North side of this church in the wall therof, was of 
late builded a conuenient cistern of stone and lead, for receit Watercooduit. 
of Thames water, conueyed in pipes of lead to that place, for 
the ease and commoditie of the Fishmongers and other in- 
habitantes, in and aboute old Fishstreete. Barnard Randolph, 
common sergeant of the citie of London, did in his life time 
deliuer to the Company of Fishmongers the summe of nine 
hundred pound, to be imployed towardes the conducting of 
the said Thames water, and cesteming the same, &c. in the 
parishes of S. Mary Magdalen, and saint Nicholas Cold Abbay, 
neare vnto Fishstreete, seuen hundred pound, and other two 
hundred pound to charitable deedes : he deceased 1583. and 
shortly after this conduit with the other was made and 
finished. 

In Trinity lane, on the west side thereof, is the Painter Painter itey- 
stayners hall, for so of olde time were they called, but now "^ '^^^ 

B 2 



Queene Hithe IVarde 



PagiSSl 

Earle of Coni- 
wel his house. 



Parish church 
of S. Nicholas 
OUne. 



Old Fish- 
streetehill. 



Bishop of 
Heidords 
house. 



Parish church 
of Saint Mary 
Monte alto. 



that workemanship of stayning is departed out of vse in 
England. Lower down in Trinity lane on the east side thereof, 
was sometime a g^eate | Messuage pertayning vnto John Earle 
of Comwell, in the fourteenth of Edward the 3. On Bred- 
street hill down to the Thames on both sides, bee diuers 
faire houses, inhabited by Fishmongers, Cheesemongers, and 
Marchantes of diuers trades. On the West side whereof is the 
parish church of S. Nicholas Oliue, a conuenient church, 
hauing the monumentes of W. Newport^ Fishmonger, one of 
the shiriffes, 1375, Richard Willawes Parson, 1391. Richard 
Sturges Fishmonger, 1470. Thomas Lewen^ Ironmonger, one 
of the shiriffes, 1537. who gaue his messuage with the appur- 
tenances, wherein hee dwelt, with foureteene Tenementes in the 
said parrish of saint Nicholas, to be had after the decease of 
Agnes his wife, to the Ironmongers, and they to giue stipendes 
appointed to Alme^ men, in fiue houses by them builded in 
the church yeard of that parrish, more to poore schoUers in 
Oxford and Cambridge^ &c. Blitheman, an excellent Organist 
of the Queens chappell, lyeth buried there with an Epitaph, 
i59i« &c. The next is old Fishstreete hill, a lane so called, 
which also runneth downe to Thames streete. In this lane, on 
the east side thereof, is the one end of Finimore, or Fiue foote 
lane. On the west side of this old Fishstreete hill, is the 
Bishoppe of Herefordes Inne or lodging, an auncient house 
and large roomes builded of stone and timber which sometime 
belonged to the Mounthauntes in Norfolke. Radulphus de May- 
dens tone Bishoppe of Hereford, about 1234. bought it of the 
Mounthauntes, and gaue it to the Bishoppes of Hereford, his 
successors. Charles Booth ^, Bishoppe of Hereforde and Chaun- 
cellour of the Marches, about the yeare 151 7. repayred it, since 
the which time, the same is greatly ruinated, and is now diuided 
into many small tenementes : the Hall and prindpall rooms are 
an house to make Suger loaues, &c. 

Next adioyning is the parrish church of S. Mary de Monte 
Alto, or Mounthaunt, this is a very small church, and at the 
first builded to be a Chappie for the said house of the Mount- 
haunts, and for Tenementes thereunto belonging. The Bishop 
of Hereforde is Patron thereof. Monumentes in this church 

> Booth] both t6ojf i6js 



Queene Hithe Warde 5 

oi John Glocester Alderman, 1345, who gaue Salt wfaarfe for 

two Chaunteries there, lohn Skip Bishoppe of Hereford 1539. 

sate xii. 3reares, died at London in time of Parliament, and 

was buried in this | church. There was sometime a fay re house Pag^jjs 

in the saide parrish of Saint Mary Mounthaunt, belonging to Robert Belke- 

RoterU Belkenape^ one of the Kinges lustices, but the saide SlSi to wl"* 

Belkenape being banished this Realme, King Richarde the Wickhtm. 

second, in the twelfth of his raigne, gaue it to William Wick^ 

ham Bishoppe of Winchester. 

On the east side of this olde Fishstreete hill, is one greate One old lull 
House, now letten out for rent, which house sometime was one ^^iJy^ 
of the Halles, pertayning to the Company of Fishmongers, at 
such time as they had sixe Hallmotes or meeting places : Fishmonger 
namely, twaine in Bridgestreete, or new Fish streete, twaine P^Jj^^' "* 
in old Fish street, whereof this was one, and twain in Stock- 
fishmonger row or Thames street, as appeareth by a Record, Pattenu. 
the 22. of Richarde the second. 

Next westward, is one other lane called Lambard hill, the Lambaid hill. 
East side whereof is wholy of this Warde, and but halfe the 
west side, to wit, from the north end of the blacke Smithes hall. Blacksmithet 

Then in Thames street of this ward, and on the north side 
ouer against the Queens Hith, is the parrish church of saint Parish church 
Michaell, a conuenient Church, but all the Monumentes therein ?f ^ili?*^^^ 

' ' at uneene 

are defaced. Hi£. 

I finde that Stephen Spilman^ Gentleman, of that Family in 
Norfolke, sometime Mercer, Chamberlaine of London, then 
one of the ShirifTes and Alderman, in the yeare 1404. deceas- 
ing without issue, gaue his landes to his Family the Spilmans, 
and his goodes to the making or repayring of bridges and 
other like godly vses: And amongst others in this church 
he founded a chauntrie, and was buried in the Quire. 

Also Richard Marlowe^ Ironmonger, Mayor 1409. gaue 
twenty pound to the poore of that Warde, and ten markes to 
the church. 

Richard Gray Ironmonger, one of the shiriffes, one thousand 
fine hundred and fifteene, gaue forty pound to that church, 
and was buried there. At the West end of that church goeth PyeUane. 
vp a lane, called PyeUane. On the same North side, at the o?aSt M^ 
South end of Saint Mary Mounthaunt Lane, is the Parrish Snmmenet. 



6 Queene Hithe Warde 

P^3S9 Church of Saint Mary Summerset, ouer against the Brojken 
Wharfe : it is a proper church, but the monumentes are all 

Sammen defaced. I thinke the same to bee of olde time called Summers 
Hith, of some mans name that was owner of the grounde neare 
adioyning, as Edreds Hithe was so called of Edred owner 
thereof, and sithence called Queene Hith, as pertayning to the 
Queene, &c 

Parish church Then is a small Parrish church of Saint Peter ^ called parua 

of s. Peter ^j. \y^^ neare vnto Powles wharfe : In this Church no Monu- 

pama by ' 

Powles wharfe. mentes doe remaine. At the West ende thereof, is a Lane 

called Saint Peters Hill, but two houses vp that Lane on the 

east side is of this warde, and the rest is of Castle Baynarde 

warde. 

Townes ende Qn the South side of Thames streete, beginning againe in 

the East, among the Cookes : The first in this warde, is the 

signe of Dauid the king : then is Townes end lane, turning 

downe to the Thames. Then is Queene Hith, a large re* 

ceptacle for shippes, lighters, barges and such other vessels. 

Touching the Antiquitie and vse of this gate and Hith, 

Edreds hith first I finde the same belonged to one named Edred^ and 

HitiL ^^^ was then called Edreds Hith, which since falling to the handes 

Ub. Trinitate. ^f King Stephen, it was by his Charter confirmed to WilUam 

De Ypre : the Farme thereof in Fee and in Heritage, William 

De Ypre gaue it vnto the Prior and Couent of the Holy Trinitie 

within Ald^^ate, as appeareth by this Charter : To Theobalde 

by the grace of God Archbishop of Canterbury, primate of 

England, and Legate Apostolike, to the Bishoppe of London, 

and to all faithfull people, Clarkes and Laye men, William 

de Ypre sendeth greeting. 

Know ye me to haue giuen and graunted to God, and to 
the Church of the Holy Trinitie of London, to the Prior and 
cannons there seruing God in perpetuall almes, Edreds Hith 
with the appurtenances, with such deuotion, that they shall 
send euery yeare twentie pound vnto the maintenance of the 
Hospital of S. Katherens, which hospitaU they haue in their 
hands, &* lOO. shillinges to the monies of Bermondsey, & 60. 
shiUinges to the brethreti of the hospitaU of saint Giles, and 
that which remayneth, the said Prior and Canons shall enioy 
Pagejeo to themselues: Witnesses Richard de Lu|cie, Raph Picot, &c. 



Queene Hithe JVarde 7 

This Edreds Hithe after the aforesaid grantes, came againe 
to the Kinges handes, by what meanes I haue not read, but Record, 
it pertayned vnto the Queene, and therefore was called Ripa 
regime, the Queenes banke or Queens Hith, and great profite 
therof was made to her vse, as may appeare by this which 
followeth. 

King Henry the third, in the ninth of his raigne, com- ships of the 
maunded the Constable of the Tower of London to arrest SdfoSdt?' 
the shippes of the Cinque portes on the Riuer of Thames, bring their 
and to compel! them to bring their come to no other place Q^e^Hith. 
but to the Queens Hith onely. In the eleuenth of his raigne, 
hee charged the sayde Constable to destraine all fish offered 
to be sold in any place of this cittie, but at the Queene Hith. 
Moreouer in the twentie eight of the said kings raign, an 
inquisition was made before William of Yorke, Prouost of 
Beuerley, Henry of Bath, and Hieronu of Caxton, lustices 
Itenerantes, sitting in the Tower of London, touching the 
customs of Queen Hith, obserued in the year last before the 
wars betweene the king and his father, and the Barons of 
England, and of olde customes of other times, & what customes 
had beene changed, at what time the taxe and payment of al 
things comming thether, and between woorepath, and Anede 
Hith, were found and ceased, according to the olde order. Liberty of the 
as well come and fish as of other thinges : all which customes i^^ ^ g^Q. 
were as well to be obserued in the parte of Downegate, as y^fd to the 
in Queen Hith, for the Kinges vse. When also it was found, 
that the come arriuing between the gate of the Guild hall of 
the Merchantes of Colleyne, and the soke of the Archbishop 
of Canterbury (for he had a house neare vnto the Blacke 
Fryers) was not to be measured by any other quarter, then 
by that of the Queenes soke. Soke is court. 

After this, the B^liffes of the said Hith complayned, that 
since the said Recognision, foureteene forraine ships laden 
with Fishe, arriued at Belinges gate, which shippes should 
haue arriued at the saide Hith : And therefore it was ordered, 
that if any forraine shippe laden with fish, should in forme 
aforesaid arriue else where then at this Hith, it should bee 
at the Kinges pleasure to amerce them at fortie shillinges. 
Notwithstanding, the shippes of the | Citizens of London Page 361 



8 Queene Hithe IVarde 

were at libertie to arriue where the owners would appoynt 

them. 

Queen Hith After this, the saide Henrie the third confirmed the graunt 

theMdSJ'lJdOf ^^^^''^Earle of Comwell, for the Farme of the Queene 

Omunbaltie Hithe, vnto lohfi Gisors then Maior, and to the Comminaltie 

of London, and their successors for euer, as by this his Charter 

appeareth : 

Henry by the grace of Gad, king of England, Lord of 
Ireland, Duke of Guien^ and Earle of Aniow, to all Arch^ 
bishops, &c. Bee it knowne, that we haue scene the couenant 
betweene our brother Richard Earle of Cornwcll, of the one 
partie, and the Maior and Comminaltie of London on the 
other partie, which was in this sort. In the 30. yeare of 
Henry the sonne of king lohn, vpon the feast of the trans- 
Lib. Trinitatc lation of S. Edward at Westmifister, this couenant was made 
betweene the honorable lord Richard Earle of Cornwel, and 
lohn Gisors then Maior of London, and the Commons thereof, 
concerning certaine exactions and demands pertaining to the 
Queen Hittie of London. The said Earle granted for himself e 
and his heires, that the said Maior, and all Maiors insuing, 
and all the Commons of the citie, should haue and holde the 
Queene Hithe, with all the liberties, customes, and other appur- 
tenances, repaying yearly to the said Earle, his heires and 
assignes, 50. li. at Clarken well, at two seuerall tearmes : to 
wit, the Sunday after Easter 25. pound, and at Michaelmas 
25. pound. And for more suretie hereof, the said Earle hath 
set thereunto his scale, and left it with the Maior, and the 
Maior and Comminaltie haue set to their scale, and left it 
with tfte Earle. Wherefore we confirme and establish the 
saide couenant for vs, and for our heyrcs. Witnesses, Raph 
Fitz Nichol, Richard Gray, lohn and Wil. Brithem, Pauh'n 
Painter, Raph Wancia, lohn Cumband, and other: at 
Windsor the a6. of Fcbruarie, the 31. of our r eigne. 

The charge of this Queene Hithe was then committed to 

the Shiriflfes, and so hath continued euer since, the profits 

Rob. Fabiao. whereof are sore diminished so that (as writeth Robert Fabian) 

it was worth in his time little aboue 20. markes, or 15. pound 

one yeare with an other. Now for customs of this Queene 

Li. Constitut Hithe, in the yeare 1302. the 30. of Edward the first, it was 



Queene Hithe JVarde 9 

found by the oath of diuerse men, that Bakers, Brewers, and 

others buying their come I at Queene Hithe, should pay iox Pagi}6a 

measuring, portage, and carriage for euery quarter of come Ciutome of 

whatsoeuer, from thence to west Cheap, to Saint Anthonies ^•^ ^*^" 

Church, to Horshew Bridge, and to Woolsey streete in the 

Parish of Alhallowes the lesse, and such like distances, one 

ob. q. : to Fleete bridge, to Newgate, Cripplegate, to Berche- 

ouers lane, to Eastcheape and Billing^ate, one pennie. Also 

that the measurer (or the meater) ought to haue 8. chiefe A come 

Master Porters, euery master to haue three porters vnder jJ^Sfpoitei^ 

him, and euery one of them to finde one horse, and seuen And>4«porten 

sackes, and he that so did not, to loose his office. This qneen hithe! 

Hithe was then so frequented with vessels, bringing thither 

come (besides fish, salt, fewel, and other marchandizes) that 

all these men, to wit, the meater, and porters, 37. in number, 

for all their charge of horses and sackes, and small stipend, 

liued well of their labors : but now the Bakers of London 

and other Citizens trauell into the Countries, and buy their 

come of the Farmers, after the Farmers price. 

King Edward the second in the first of his raigne, gaue to liber Guild. 
Margaret ^ wife to Peter de Gauestone^ fortie three pound, 
twelue shillings nine pence ob. q. out of the rent of London, 
to be receiued of the Queenes Hithe. Certaine Impositions 
were set vpon ships and other vessels comming thither, as 
vpon come, salt, and other things, toward the charge of 
cleansing Roomeland there, the 41. of Edward the 3. S?™*^«f u^ 

*^ Queen Hithe ■ 

The third of Edward the fourth, the Market at Queene 
Hithe being hindred by the slackenesse of drawing vp 
London bridge, it was ordained, that all maner of Vesselles, 
Shippes, or boats, great or small, resorting to the Citie with 
victuall, should bee solde by retaile, and that if there came 
but one vessell at a time, were it salt, Wheate, Rie, or other Queene Hithe 
Come from beyond the Seas, or other graines, Garlicke, ^q^j^^d of 
Onions, Hearings, Sprattes, Eles, Whiting, Place, Cods, «^ip« & bo«u 
Mackarell, &c. then that one vessell should come to Queene gate. ^ 
Hithe, and there to make sale : but if two vessels come, the 
one should come to Queene Hithe, the other to Billing^ate : 
if three, two of them should come to Queene Hithe, the third 
to Belingsgate, &c. alwaies the more to Queene Hithe : if the 



lo Queene Hithe IVarde 

vessel being great, comming with salt from the Bay, and could 

not come to these keyes, then the same to be conueyed by 

lighters, as before is ment.| 

Pages63 One large house for stowage of come craned out of Lighters 

A gamer for and Barges, is there lately builded : sir lohn Lian^ Grocer, 

^wL^house ^^^^^ ^554- by ^is testament gaue an hundred pounde to- 
for malt at wardes it, but since increased and made larger at the charges 

Queene Hithe. ^f ^^^ ^.^.^^ .^ ^^ ^^^ ^^g^ 

Against this Queenes Hithe, on the riuer Thames of late 

Come MiU yeres was placed a come Mill, vpon, or betwixt two barges or 

J^JJgjJ^ ®' lighters, and there ground come, as water Milles in other 

the Thames, places, to the wonder of many that had not scene the like, 

but this lasted not long without decay, such as caused the 

same Barges and Mill to bee remooued, taken asunder, and 

soone forgotten. I reade of the like to haue beene in former 

time, as thus : In the yeare, 1525. the sixteene of Henrie the 

Two come eight. Sir William Bayly being Maior, lohn Cooke of Glocester, 

Um"giuai to Mercer, gaue to the Maior and Comminaltie of London and 

this citie, 1525. theyrs ^ for euer, one great Barge, in the which two come Milles 

were made and placed, which Barge and Milles were set in, and 

vpon the streame of the Riuer Thames, within the iurisdiction 

and libertie of said citie of London. 

And also he gaue to the Cittie all such Tymber, Bourdes, 
Stones, Iron, &c prouided for making, mending, and repayr- 
ing of the sayde Barge, and Milles, in rewarde whereof, the 
Maior gaue him fiftie pounde presently, and fiftie pounde 
yearely during his life, and if the sayde Cooke deceased before 
lohan his wife, then shee to haue fortie Markes the yeare 
during her life. 

Next adioyning to this Queene Hithe, on the West side 

thereof, is Salt WharfTe, named of Salt taken vp, measured 

Stew lane. and sold there. The next is Stew lane, of a stewe or hotte 

Timber hithe. house there kept. After that is Timber Hithe, or Timber 

street, so called of Timber or Boordes there taken vp and 

wharfTed : it is in the parrish of saint Marie Somershittu^ as 

I reade in the fiftie six of Henrie the third, and in the ninth 

Brooks wharff. of Edward the second. Then is Brookes wharfe & broken 

wharfe, a watergate or key, so called of beeing broken and 

* their heyres] theyrs edd. 




Qtieene HUhe Warde ii ^" 

fallen downe into the Thames. By this broken Wharffe, Broken wharfl 
remayneth one lai^e olde building of stone, with Arched 
Gates, which Messuage as I finde in the raigne oi Henry \ \\\ePagt}64 
third the 43. yeare, pertaining vnto Hugh de Bygot, and in the BygotE honse 
xi, of Edivard the third, to Thomas Brotherttm the kings „t,gjlfc 
brother, Earle of Norffolke, Marshall of England. In the xi. 
ol Henry the sixt. to loltn Mtnvbray Duke of Norffolke, &c. 

Within the gate of this house, (now belonging to the citie 
of London) is lately, to wit, in the yeare, 1594. and 1.595. 
builded one large house of great height, called an engine, An cd^uu: for 
made by Bans Buhnar Gentleman, for the conueying and ThamrawKtcr 
forcing of Thames water to aenie in the middle and West 
parts of the Citie. The auncicnt great hall of this messuage 
is yet standing, and partayning to a great Brew-house for 
Beere. West from this is Trigge lane, going downe to the Triggc Unc. 
Thames. Next is called Bosse lane, of a Bosse of water, like Boneli 
vnto that of Beiingsgate, there placed by the executors of 
Richard Wittingtoti. Then is one great messuage somtime 
belonging to the Abbots of Chartsey in Surrey, and was their 
Inne, wherein they were lodged when they repayred to the 
Citie : it is now called Sandie house, by what reason I haue 
not heard. I thinke the Lord Sands haue beene lodged there. 
And this is an end of this Queene Hitheward: which hath 
an Alderman, and his Deputie, common Counsell sixe, Con- 
stables nine, Scauengers eight. Wardmote Inquest thirteene, 
and a Beedle. It is taxed to the fifteens in London twentie 
pound, and in the Exchequer at xix. pound xvi.s. two pence. 

Castle Baynard warde 
The next is Castle Bainard Warde, so named of an olde Casiie l^- 
Castle there : this Ward beginneth in the East, on the Thames " '^h 
side, at an house called Huntington house, and runneth West ^^| 
by Powles Wharfe, by Baynards Castell, Puddle Wharffe, ^H 
and by the South side of Blacke Friers. Then turning by ^^^ 
the East Wall of the sayde Friers, to the Southwest ende of 
Creede lane. Then on the North side of Thames streete, ouer 
agaynst Huntington house, by Saint Peters Church and lane, 
called Peter ] hill, along till ouer agaynst Puddle Wharffe: /'ii.pej*/ 
and then North vp by the great Wardrobe, to the West ende 



jgc Unc. 

1 



12 Castle Baynard IVarde 

of Carter lane. Then vp Creede Iane» Aue Mary lane, and 
a peece of Pater Noster Rowe^ to the signe of the Golden 
Lion, and backe againe vp Warwicke lane, all the East side 
thereof, to the signe of the Crowne by Newgate Market : and 
this is the farthest North part of this Warde. 

Then out of Thames streete bee lanes ascending North to 
Knightriders street : the first is Peter hill lane, all of that 
warde (two houses excepted, adioyning to Saint Peters 
Church.) The next is Powles WharfTe hill, which thwarting 
Knightriders streete, and Carter lane, goeth vp to the South 
chaine of Powles church)rarde. 

Adle stieete. Then is Adlestreete, ouer against the West part of Bay- 
nards Castell, going vp by the West end of Knightriders 
streete, and to Carter lane. Thus much for lanes out of 
Thames streete. The one halfe of the West side of Lambard 
hill lane being of this Warde, at the Northwest ende thereof, 
on the South side, and at the West end of Saint Mary Mag- 
dalens church on the North side b^inneth Knightriders 
streete to be of this Warde, and runneth West on both sides 
to the parish church of Saint Andrew by the Wardrope. 

Then at the said East end of saint Mary MagdaUns Church 
goeth vp the old Exchange, al the west side wherof vp to the 
south east gate of Powles churchyard, and by S. Austens 
church, is of this ward. About the midst of this olde Ex- 
change, on the west side thereof is Carter lane, which runeth 
west to the east entry of the blacke Friers, and the south 
ende of Creed lane, out of the which Carter lane descendeth 

Do little lane, a lane called Do little lane, and commeth into Knightriders 
streete, by the Bores head Taueme: and more West is 
Sermon lane, by an Inne called the Powie head. Then out 
of Carter lane, on the North side thereof, the south Chaine of 
Powles Churchyard, and the church yard it selfe on that south 
side of Powles church, and the church of saint Gregorie^ the 
Bishoppes Palace, and the Deanes lodging, be all of this 
Warde : and such be the boundes thereof. The Ornaments 
in this Warde, be parish churches 4. Of olde time a castle : 

Pogej66 Diuers Noblemens | houses. Halles of Companies twaine. 
And such others, as shall be shewed. 

In Thames street, at the south east end, is an ancient 



Castle Baynard IVarde 13 

messuage, of old time called Bewmounts Inne, as belonging Bewmoantt 

to that family of Noblemen of this realme, in the 4. of Edward ^^^* 

the 3. Edward the 4. in the 5. of his raigne gaue it to 

W. Hastings^ Lord Chamberlaine, Malster of his Mints. It 

is now called Huntington House, as belonging to the Earles 

of Huntington. Next is Pauls wharfe, a large landing place, Panics whar 

with a common stayre vpon the Riuer of Thames, at the end 

of a streete called powles wharfe hill, which runneth downe from 

Powles chaine. Next is a great Messuage called Scrupes Inne, Scrapes innt 

sometime belonging to the Scrupes^ in the %\.o{ Henry the 6. 

Then is one other great Messus^e sometime belonging to 
the Abbey of Fiscampe^ beyond the sea, and by reason of the 
wars, it comming to the hands of K. Edward the 3. the same 
was giuen to sir Simon Burley^ knight of the Garter, and 
therefore called Burley house in Thames streete, betweene Barley hoas 
Baynards Castle and paules wharfe. 

Then haue you Baynards Castle, whereof this whole ward Baynards 
taketh the name. This Castle banketh on the Riuer Thames, ^^^^ 
and was called Baynards Castle, of Baynard^ a Nobleman 
that came in with W. the Conquerour^ of the which castle, and 
of Baynard himselfe, I haue spoken in another place. 

There was also another tower by Baynards Castle, builded 
by King Edward the 2. Edward the 3. in the a. of his 
nugne, gaue it to William de Ros ^ of Ha$nelake^ in the County 
of Yorke^ & his heyres, for one Rose yearely, to be payd for 
all seruice : the same place (as seemeth to me) was since called 
Legates Inne, in the 7. of Edward the fourth, where bee now L^ates Inn 
diuers woodwharfes in place. 

Then is there a great Brewhouse, and Puddle wharfe, apaddle 
water gate into the Thames, where horses vse to be watered, & Wharfe. 
therfore being filed with their trampeling, and made puddle, like 
as also of one Puddle dwelling there : it is called Puddle Wharfe. 
Then is there a lane betweene the blacke Fryers and the 
Thames, called in the 26. of Edward the third Castle lane. | 

In this lane also is one great Messuage, of old time belong- Page36^ 
ing to the Priory of Okebome * in WHshire^ and was the Priors 
lodging when he repayred to London. This Prior being of 

* de Ros\ cf. i. 67 : Duke 1603 

■ Okebome\ Ogbaume S. Andrew^ and S. George, Wilts 



14 Castle Baynard JVarde 

Prior of Oke- the French order, was suppressed by H. the 5. and with other 

mes onse. \^^^ ^^d Tenements pertaining to the said Priory, was by 

H. the 6. giuen to his CoUedge in Cambridge, called now the 

kings Colledge. About this Castle lane, was sometime a Mill, 

or Mils, belonging to the Templars of the new Temple, as 

A MiU or Mils appeareth of record: for King lohn in the first yeare of his 

gr^^ynards ^yg^^^ granted a place in the Fleete, neare vnto Baynards 

Castle, to make a mill, and the whole course of water of the 

Fleete, to seme the said mill. 

I reade also that in the yeare 1274. the 2. of E. the i. Ri. 
Raison and Atheline his wife did giue to Nicho. de Musely 
Clarke, 10 shillings of yearely free and quiet rent, out of all 
his tenements, with the houses thereupon built, and their 
appurtenances, which they had of the demise of the M. and 
brethren of knights Templars in England next to their mill 
of Fleet, ouer against the houses of Laurence de Brooke^ in the 
parish of S. Andrew next to Baynards Castle : which tene- 
ments lyeth betweene the way, leading towards the said Mil 
Soke Court or on the west part. Also in the rights belonging to Robert 
ning to^^ Fitswater & to his heyres, in the Citie of London, in the time 
Ri<£«rd Fite- of peace, it was declared in the yeare 1303. that the sayde 
Robert Castillon of London, and Banner bearer, had a soke 
(or warde) in the Citie, that was by the wall of S. Paule^ as 
men go downe the streete before the Brewhouse of .S. Paule 
vnto the Thames, and so to the side of the Mill, which is in the 
water that commeth downe from Fleete Bridge, and goeth by 
London wals, betwixt the Fryers preachers Church, and Lud- 
gate, and so that warde turned backe by the house of the 
said Fryers, vnto the sayde common wall of the sayd Chanonry 
of 5. Paule : that is all of the parish of S. Andrew^ which is 
in the gift of his auncestors by seniority, as more I haue shewed 
in the Castles. 

Now here is to be noted, that the wall of London at that 
time went straight south from Ludgate, downe to the Riuer 
of Thames, but for building of the Blacke Fryers Church, the 
said wall in that place was hy commaundement taken downe, 
J^j68 and a | new wall made, straight West from Ludgate to Fleete- 
bridge, and then by the water of Fleete, to the Riuer of 
Thames &c. 



Castle Baynard IVarde 15 

In the yeare 1307. the 35. of Edward the first, in a Parlia- 
ment at Carlile^ Henry Lacie Earle of Lincolne complained 
of no3^ances done to the water of the Fleete : whereupon 
it was grauntedy that the said Mill should be remoued and Mill by Bay 
destroyed. dS2^* 

This Warde ascendeth vp by the East wall of the blacke- 
Fr3rers, to the South West end oiCreede Lane, where it endeth 
on that side. 

Then to b^nne againe on the North side of Thames street 
ouer against Huntington house by Saint Peters Church and 
lane called Peter hill, and so to S. Benet Hude (or Hithe) ouer Parish cfaun 
against Powles WharflFe, a proper parish Church, which hath ^^ ^xy ^b 
the Monuments of Sir William Cheiny knight, and Margaret wharf. 
his wife, 1442. buried there. Doctor Caldwell Phisition. 
Sir Gilbert Dethik^ knight, Alias Gartar king at Armes. 
West from this church, by the south end of Adlestreete, 
almost against Pudle Wharfe, there is one ancient building of 
stone and timber, builded by the Lords of Barkley, and 
therefore called Barklies Inne. This house is now all in BarkUes In 
mine, and letten out in seuerall Tenements, yet the Armes 
of the Lord Barkley remaine in the stone worke of an Arched 
gate, and is betweene a Cheueron crosses, 10. three, three, and 
foure. 

Richard Beauchampe Earle of Warwicke, was lodged in this 
house, then called Barklies Inne, in the parish of Saint Andrew, 
in the raigne of Henry the sixt. Then turning vp towardes 
the North, is the parish church of S. Andrew in the wardrobe. Parish chur 
a proper church, but few Monuments hath it. lohn Pamt in the Wan 
founded a chauntry there. Then is the kings greate Wardrobe, JS^'j^^ 
Sir lohn Beauchampe, knight of the Garter, Constable of Douer, great Ward 
Warden of the Sinke Portes (sonne to Guido de Beauchampe, "^^* 
Earle of Warwicke) builded this house, was lodged there, 
deceased in the yeare 1359. and was buried on the South side 
of the middle He of Powles Church. His Executors sold the 
house to King Edwarde the third, vnto whome | the Parson Page 369 
of 5. Andrewes complayning that the said Beuchamp had 
pulled downe diuers houses, in their place to build the same 
houses where through he was hindered of his accustomed tithes, 
payd by the tenants of old time, granted him 40. s. by yeare 



i6 Castle Baynard IVarde 

out of that house for euer. King R. the 3. was lodged there 
in the second of his raigne. 

In this house of late yeres, is lodged sir lohn Fartescue^ 
knight, Maister of the Wardrobe, Chancellor and vnder 
Treasurer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maiesties most 
honourable priuy Councell. The secret letters and writings 
touching the estate of the Realme, were wont to be enroled 
in the kings Wardrobe, and not in the Chauncery , as appeareth 
by the records. Clous. 18. £. 4. i. Memb. 13. Clous. 33. E. i. 
Menib. 3. Et liber ot. 1. E. 2. Memb. 4. ^c. From this Ward- 
robe by the west end of Carter lane, then vp Creede lane, Aue 
Mary lane, a peece of Poter Nosier Rowe, vp Warwick lane, 
all the east side, to a Brewhouse called the Crown, as I sayd 
Peter hiU itne. is of this warde. Touching lanes ascending out of Thames 
for eTpoofT* streete, to Knightriders streete, the first is, Peters hill, wherein 
widdowcs. I find no matter of note, more then certaine Almes houses, 
lately founded on the west side thereof, by Douid Smith 
Imbroderer, for 6. poore widowes, whereof each to haue oo. s. 
by the yeare. 

On the East side of this lane standeth a large house, of 

aundent building, sometime belonging to the Abbot of 

S. Mory in Yorke^ and was his abiding house when he came 

to London. Tho. Randolfe Esquier hath lately augmented 

and repaired it 

Peters Key. At the vpper end of this lane^ towards the north, the comer 

iJlL ^ houses there be called Peters Key, but the reason thereof 

Woo^on- I haue not heard. Then is Powles wharfe hill, on the East 

side whereof is Woodmongers Hall. And next adioyning is 

Darby house sometime belonging to the Stanleys^ for Thomas 

Stanley first Earle of Darby of that name, who maried the 

Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmond^ mother to Henry the 

seuenth, in his time builded it. 

Queene Mary gaue it to Gilbert Dethike^ then Garter 

principall King of armes of englishmen, Thomas Hawley 

Clarentumes king of armes of the south partes, William Haruy 

Pagtsjo Alias Narey \ king of armes of the north .partes, & the other 

Heraults and Purseuantes of armes and to their successors, 

Darby home, all the same Capital messuage or house called Darby house 



Castle Baynard IVarde 17 

with the appurtenances, scituate in the parish of saint Benet, 
and saint Peter, then being in the tenure of sir Richard 
Sackuile knight, and lately parcell of the landes of Edward 
Earle of Darbie, &c. To the ende that the sayde king of 
Armes, Heraultes and Purseuauntes of Armes, and their suc- 
cessors, might at their liking dwell together and at meete times 
to congregate, speake, conferre, and agree among themselues, 
for the good gouemment of their facultie, and their recordes 
might be more safely kept, && Dated the 18. of luly, 1555 
Philip and Mary the first and third yeare. 

Then higher vppe neare the south chaine of Powles Church- 
yeard, is the Powle head Taueme, which house with the ap- Powles Bre 
purtenances was of olde time called Powles Brewhouse, for that p^^^' J^ 
the same was so imployed, but being since left off, and letten out. Tanem. 

On the west side of this streete, is one other great house 
builded of stone, which belongeth to Powles church, and was 
somtime letten to the Blunts Lordes Mountioyy but of latter 
time to a colledge in Cambridge, and from them to the 
Doctors of the Ciuill law and Arches, who keepe a Commons Doctors Co 
there, and many of them being there lodged, it is called the ™^** 
Doctors Commons. Aboue this on the same side, was one 
other great building ouer against Powles Brewhouse, and this Powles Bak 
was called Powles Bakehouse, and was imployed in baking of ^^^' 
bread for the Church of Powles. 

In Addle streete or Lane I find no monuments. Adlestreet. 

In Lambart hill lane on the west side thereof, is the Black Lambert hil 
Smithes hall, and adioyning to the North side thereof, haue ye hiiL """^^ 
one plot of ground, inclosed with a bricke wall for a church- Chorchyean 
yeard, or burying plot, for the dead of S. Mary Magdalens by m^^S^ 
old Fishstreet, which was giuen to that vse by lohn Iwarby^ 
an Officer in the receipt of the Exchequer, in the 26. of King 
Henry the sixt, as appeareth by Patent lohn Iwarby^ &c. 
gaue a peece of land lying voyde in the Parrish of Saint Mary 
Magdalen, nigh to olde Fishstreete, betweene the Tenement 
of lohn Phi(J[)pot on the south, and the Tenement of Bartholo- 
mewe Burwash on the | west, and the Tenement pertayning/\i^j7/ 
to the Couent of the Holy Well on the North, and the way 
vpon Lambardes Hill on the East, for a Church yearde to the 
Parson and Church Wardens, &c* 



STOW, n 



1 8 Castle Baynard IVarde 

Ouer against the North west ende of this Lambard Hill 
P«rf»^««* Lane in Knightriders strcete, is the Parrish Church of Saint 
Magdalen^ Mary Magdalen, a small Church, hauing but few monumentSi 
Richard Woodroffe Marchant Taylor, 151 9. Barnard Ran* 
dolph Esquire, 1583. 
Condirit of On the West side of this Church, by the Porch thereof, is 
meswa . pj^^^^j ^ Conduit or Cesteme of Lead, Castelated with stone, 
for receite of Thames water, conueyed at the charges of the 
before named Barnard Randolph Esquier. By the East ende 
of Saint Mary Magdalens Church, runneth vppe the old 
Exchange lane, by the west end of Carter lane, to the south- 
east gate or chain of Powles Church yeard as is before 
shewed. And in this parte was the Exchange kept, and 
Bullion was receyued for Coynage, as is noted in Faringdon 
Warde within. 

In this Parrish Church of S. Mary Magdalen, out of Knight- 
riders street vp to Carter lane, be two small lanes, the one of 
Do little lane, them called Do Little lane, as a place not inhabited by 
Artificers, or open shop keepers, but seruing for a neare 
passage from Knightriders street, to Carter lane. 
Shcremonyan The Other corruptly called Sermon lane, for Sheremoniers 
lane: for I find it by that name recorded in the 14. of E. 
Blackeloftof the I. and in that lane, a place to be called the Blacke loft 
tiluer melting, ^^f melting siluer) with foure shops adioyning. It may there- 
fore bee well supposed that lane to take name of Sheremonyars, 
such as cut and rounded the plates to bee coyned or stamped 
into Estarling pence, for the place of coyning was the olde 
Exchange, neare vnto the sayde Sheremoniars lane. Also 
I find that in the 13. of R. the 2. William de la Pole had an 
house there. 
Colledgeof In Knightriders streete, is the CoUedge of Phisitions, 
LeS^jJi wherin was founded in the yeare 1582. a publike Lecture in 
Chinirgery to Surgery, to be read twice euery weeke, &c. as is shewed else 

beread. • 

where. 

In the South Churchyeard of Powles, is the south side and | 

Pagi^ja ^^^ ^^^ <>f ^^ saide Church: In the which west end, bee 

West gates of three stately gates or entries, curiously wrought of stone, 

' namely, the middle gate, in the midst wherof is placed 

a massie pillar of brasse, whereunto the leaues of the said 



Casile Baynard IVarde 19 

great gate are closed and fastened with lockes, boltes, and 
barres of yron : All which notwithstanding, on the 24. of 
December, in the yeare 1565. by a tempest of wind then Gates of Pauls 
rising from the west, these gates were blowne open, the^^ '^ 
barres, boltes and lockes broken in sunder, or greatly bended. 
Also on the 5. of January, in the yeare 1589. by a like 
Tempest of wind, then in the South west, the lesser west 
gate of the saide church next to the Bishoppes pallace was 
broken, both bolts, bars, and lockes, so that the same was 
blowen ouer. 

At eyther corner of this west end, is also of auncient 
building a strong Tower of stone, made for Bell Towers, the 
one of them to wit, next to the pallace, is at this present to 
the vse of the same pallace, the other towardes the south is 
called the Lowlardes Tower, and hath beene vsed as the For Lowlards 
Bishoppes prison, for such as were detected for opinions in '\l^^^^^ 
Religion, contrary to the faith of the church. 

The last prisoner which I haue knowne committed thereto, 
was in the yeare 1573. one Peter Burchet'^ Gentleman of the Peter 
middle Temple, for hauing desperately wounded, and minding ^"«*^** 
to haue murdered a seruiceable Gentleman named lohn 
Hawkins Esquire, in the high streete neare vnto the Strand, 
who being taken and examined, was found to hold certaine 
opinions erronious, and therefore committed thether, and 
conuicted, but in the end by perswasion, he promised to 
abiure his heresies: and was by commaundement of the 
Councell, remoued from thence to the Tower of London, &c. 
where he committed as in my Annales I haue expressed. 

Adioyning to this Lowlardes Tower, is the parrish Church Parish charch 
of S. Gregory, appointed to the petty Canons of Powles. "^ ^* ^'^^ 
Monumentes of note I know none there. 

The rest of that south side of S. Paules Church, with the 
chapter House, (a beautifuU peece of worke, builded about 
the raigne of Edwarde the third) is now defaced by meanes 
of Licenses | graunted to Cutlers, Budget makers, and other, Pagejjj 
first to builde low sheddes, but now high Houses, which doe 
hide that beautifull side of the Church, saue onely the toppe 
and south Gate. 

* Burcher] i6oj, i6s3s Burchet, 1^98 and Annales 

C % 



20 Casile Baynard IVarde 

On the North west side of this Church yeard, is the 
rhe Bishops Bishops pallace, a large thing for receipt, wherein diuers 
- ' kinges haue beene lodged, and great housholde hath beene 
kept, as appeareth by the great Hall, which of late years 
since the rebatement of Bishops liuinges, hath not beene 
furnished with houshold meynie and Guestes, as was meant 
by the builders thereof, and was of olde time vsed. 

The Deanes lodging on the other side, directly against the 
pallace, is a fayre olde House, and also diuers laige houses 
are on the same side builded, which yet remayne, and of 
olde time were the Lodginges of Prebendaries and Resi- 
denciaries, which kepte great Housholdes, and liberall Hos- 
pitality, but now eyther decayed, or otherwise conuerted. 
rheStadooers Then is the Stacioners Hall on the same side, lately 
builded for them, in place of Peter Colledge, where in the 
yeare, one thousande fiue hundred fortie and nine, the fourth 
of Januaty, sixe men were slaine by the fall of earth vpon 
them, digging for a Well. And let this bee an end of Bay- 
nardes Castle Warde, which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, 
Common Councell, nine. Constables ten, Scauingers seauen, 
Wardmote Inquest foureteene and a Beadle. And to the 
Fifteene is taxed at twelue pound, in the Exchequer eleuen 
pound, thirteene shillinges. 



''*^-^-?7^ The Warde of Faringdon 

Extra, or without 

The waxde of XhE farthest West Ward of this Cittie, being the 35. Warde 
^5555^5*^ of London, but without the Walles, is called Faringdon 
without, and was of old time part of the other Faringdon 
within, vntill the 17. of Richard the second, that it was 
diuided and made twaine by the names of Faringdon infra^ 
and Faringdon extras as is afore shewed. 

The boundes of which ward without Newgate and Ludgate 
are these. First on the east part thereof, is the whole pre- 
dnct of the late priorie of saint Bartholomew ^ and a part of 
Long lane on the north, towardes Alder^ate streete and 
Ducke lane, with the hospitall of saint Bartholomew on the 



Faringdon IVarde without 21 

West, and all Smithfielde to the Barres in saint lohn street. 
Then, out of Smithfield, Chicken lane toward Turmile brooke, 
and ouer that brooke by a bridge of limber into the field, 
then backe againe by the Pens (or folds) in Smithfield, by 
Smithfield pond to Cow Jane, which turneth toward Oldbome: 
and then Hosiar lane out of Smithfield, also toward Oldbome, 
till it meete with a part of Cow lane. Then Cocke lane out 
of Smithfield, ouer against Pye corner, then also is Giltspur 
streete, out of Smithfield to Newgate, then from Newgate 
west by ^. Sepulchres z\MXQh to Turnagaine Lane: to Old- 
boome Conduit, on Snor hill, to Oldboorne bridge, vp Old- 
boome hill to the Barres on both sides. On the right hand 
or north side, at the bottome of Oldboorne hilt, is Gold lane 
sometime a filthy passage into the fields, now both sides 
builded with small tenementes. Then higher is Lither lane, 
turning also to the field, lately replenished with houses 
builded, and so to the Barre. 

Now on the left hand or south side from Newgate, lieth 
a street called the Old Bayly, or court of the Chamberlaine 
of this citty : this stretcheth downe by the wall of the Cittic 
vnto Ludgate; on the west side of which streete, breaketh 
out one other lane, called { saint Geoi^cs lane, till ye come 
to the south end of Seacole lane : and then turning towardes 
Fleetstreete, it is called Flcete lane. The next out of the 
high street from Newgate turning down south, is called the 
little Bayly, and runneth downe to the East of saint Georges 
lane. Then is Seacole lane which tumeth downe into Fleete 
lane: neare vnto this Seacole lane, in the turning towardes 
Oldboorn Conduit, is an other lane, called in record wind- 
againe Lane, it tumeth downe to Turnemill Brooke, and 
from thence back againe, for there is no way ouer. Then 
beyond Old boorn bridge to Shooe lane, which runneth out 
of Oldboorne vnto the Conduit in Fleetestreet. Then also 
is Fewtars lane, which likewise stretcheth south into Fleet- 
streete by the east end of saint Dunstons church, and from 
this lane to the Bars be the bounds without Newgate. 

Now without Ludgate, this warde runneth vp from the sayd 
gate to Temple barre, and hath on the right hand or north 
side the south end of the old Bayly, then downe Ludgate hill, 



Gold tnne. 
Lltber lane. 



I 



22 



Faringdon IVarde without 



Shire lane. 



Giltspar or 

Knightriders 

stxeete. 



Cocke lane. 



West Smith- 
field. 

Hoipitall of 
S. Bartilmew. 



The first mats- 
ter or Proctor 
of the Hos- 
pital of 
S. Bartilmew. 



A rednie or 
ankorage by S. 
Bartilmewes 
Hospitall. 



to the Fleet lane ouer Fleete bridge, and by Shooe lane, and 
Fewters lane, and so to New streete (or Chancery lane) and 
vp that Lane to the house of the RoUes, which house is 
also of this ward, and on the other side to a lane ouer against 
the Roules, which entereth Ficquets field. 

Then hard by the Barre is one other lane called Shyre Lane, 
because it diuideth the Cittie from the Shire, and this tumeth 
into Ficquets field. 

From Ludgate againe on the left hand, or south side, to 
Fleetebridge, to bride lane, which runneth south by Bridewell, 
then to Water lane, which runneth down to the Thames. 

Then by the White Fryers and by the Temple, euen to the 
Barre aforesaid, be the boundes of this Faringdon Warde 
without. 

Touching ornamentes and antiquities in this warde, first 
betwixt the said Newgate, and the parrish church of S. Sepul- 
chers is a way towardes Smithfield, called Guilt spurre, or 
Knightriders streete, of the knightes and other riding that 
way into Smith fielde, replenished with buildings on both sides 
vp to Pie comer, a place so called of such a signe, sometimes 
a fayre Inne for receipte | of trauellers, but now diuided into 
tenementes, and ouer against the said Pie comer lyeth Cocke 
lane, which runneth downe to Oldboume Conduit 

Beyond this Pie comer lyeth west Smithfield, compassed 
about with buildinges, as first on the south side, following the 
right hand, standeth the large hospitall of S. Bartilmew^ 
founded by Rahere the first Prior of S. Bartilmewes thereto 
neare adioyning, in the yeare ii02. 

Alfune^ that had not long before builded the parrish church 
of S. Giles without Criplegate, became the first Hospitelar, or 
Proctor for the poore of this hduse, and went himselfe dayly 
to the Shambles and other markets, where hee b^ged the 
charity of deuout people for their reliefe, promising to the 
liberall giuers (and that by alledging testimonies of the holy 
scripture) rewarde at the handes of God. Henry the third 
granted to Katheren late wife to W. Hardell xx. foot of land 
in length & bredth in Smithfield next to the Chappell of the 
Hospitall of S. Bartilmew to builde her a recluse or ankorage, 
commaunding the Mayor & shirifTes of London, to assign the 



Faringdon IVarde without 23 

saide xx. foot to the sayd Katheren, carta 11 oi H, the 3. 
The foundation of this hospital for the poor & diseased, their 
speciall sustentation, was confirmed by E. the third, the 26. of 
his raigne, it was gouemed by a Maister, and 8. brethren being 
priestes, for the church and 4* sisters, to see the poore serued. 
The Executors of R. Whitington sometime Mayor of London, 
of his goodes repayred this hospital!, about the yeare, 1423. 

Sir John Wakering priest, Mayster of this house, in the year 
1463. amongst other bookes gaue to their common Library 
the fayrest Bible, that I haue seene, written in large velame, 
by a brother of that house named lohn Coke^ at the age of 68. 
years, when he had been priest 43 yeares. Since the spoyle of 
that Library I haue seene this booke in the custody of my 
worshipfuU frend, M. Walter Cope. 

Monumentes in this church of the dead, Benefactors there- 
unto, be these, Elizabeth wife to Adam Hone Gentleman, 
Bartilmew Bildington^ lane wife to lohn Cooke^ Dame AUs 
wife to sir Richarde I shanty Alice wife to Nicholas Bayly ^ lohn 
Woodhouse Esquier, Robert Palmar Gentleman, Ido\na wife Pagejjj 
to John Walden lying by her husband on the North side late 
newly builded, 1424. Sir Thomas Malifant or Nanfant^ 
Baron of Winnow, Lord saint George in Glamorgan, and Lord 
Ockeneton and Pile in the county of Pembroke, 1438. Dame 
Margaret his wife, daughter to Thomas Astley Esquier, 
with Edmond and Henry his children. William Markeby 
Gentleman, 1438. Richard Shepley and Alice his wife, Thomas 
Sauill^ sargeant at Armes, Edward Beastby Gentleman and 
Margaret his wife, Waltar Ingham and Alienar his wife, 
Robert Warnar and Alice Lady Casne, Robert Caldset, lohan 
and Agnes his wiues. Sir Robert Danuars and Dame 
Agnes his wife, daughter to sir Richard Delaber^ William 
Brookes Esquier, John Shirley Esquier and Margaret his 
wife, hauing their pictures of brasse, in the habit of pilgrims, 
on a fayre flat stone with an Epitaph thus, 

Beholde how ended is our poore pilgrimage^ 
Of lohn Shirley Esquier^ with Margaret his wife^ 
That xiu children had together in marriage^ 
Eight sonnes and foure daughters withouten strife^ 



24 Faringdon Warde without 

That in honor ^ nurtur^ and labour flowed in fame^ 
His pen reporteih his Hues occupation, 
Since Pier his life time^ lohn Shirley by name, 
Of his degree f that was in Brutes Albion, 
That in the year e of grace deceased from hen, 
Foureteene hundred winter, and size and flftie, 
In the yeare of his age, fourescore and ten^ 
Of October moneth, the day one and twenty. 

This Gentleman, a great traueller in diuers countries, amongest 
other his labours, painefully collected the workes of Geffrey 
Chaucer, lohn Lidgate and other learned writers, which workes 
hee wrote in sundry volumes to remayne for posterity. I haue 
scene them, and partly do possesse ^ them. lane Lady Clinton 
gaue tenne pound to the poore of this house, was there buried, 
1458. Agnes daughter to sir William S. George, lohn Roger- 
brooke Esquier, Richard Sturgeon^ Tho: Burgan Gentleman,! 
^ges7^ Elizabeth wife to Henry Skinard, daughter to Chincroft 
Esquier, William Mackley Gentleman, and Alice his wife, W. 
Fitzwater Gentleman, 1466. 

This Hospitall was valued at the suppression in the yeare 
1539. the 31. oi Henry the eight, to 35. pound sixe shillinges 
seauen pence yearely. The church remayneth a parrish 
i<Mi>iul of S. church to the tenantes dwelling in the precinct of the Hos- 
nppressed. pitall, but in the yeare 1546. on the 13. of January, the 
Bishoppe of Rochester, preaching at Powles Crosse, declared 
the gift of the said king to the Cittizens for releeuing of the 
poore, which contayned the Church of the Gray Fryers, the 
church of S. Bartilmew with the Hospitall, the Messuages, 
and appurtenances in Giltspurre, alias Knightriders streete, 
Breton streete, Petar Kay, in the parrish of saint Mafy Mag^ 
dalen, in olde Fishstreete, and in the parrish of S. Benet Huda, 
Lymehurst, or Limehost, in the parrish of Stebunheth, &c. 
Then also were orders deuised for reliefe of the poore, the 
inhabitantes were all called to their parish churches, where, by 
sir Richard Dobbes then maior, their seuerall Aldermen, or 
other graue Cittizens, they were by eloquent orations per- 
swaded how gp'eat and how many commodities would ensue 

^ possesse] professe /6oj, 1633 



Faringdon IVarde without 25 

vnto them and their Cittie, if the poore of diuers sorts which 
they named, were taken from out their streets, lanes and 
allyes, & were bestowed and prouided for in Hospitalles 
abroade, &c. therefore was euery man moued, liberally to 
graunt what they woulde impart, towardes the preparing and 
furnishing of such Hospitals, & also what they would con- 
tribute weekely towardes their maintenance for a time, which 
they said should not be past one yeare, or twaine, vntill they 
were better furnished of Endowment : to make short, euery 
man graunted liberally, according to his hability, bookes were 
drawne of the reliefe in euery Ward of the City, towardes the 
new Hospitalles, and were deliuered by the Mayor to the 
Kinges Commissioners, on the 17. of February, and order was 
taken therein, so as the 26. of luly, in the yeare 1552. the 
repayring of the Gray Fryers house, for poore fatherlesse 
children, was taken in hand, and also in the latter end of the 
same moneth, began the repayring of this Hospitall of saint 
Bartilmew^ and was of new endowed, and furnished at the 
charges of | the Cittizens. P^si9 

On the east side of this hospitall, lieth Duke lane, which 
runneth out of Smithfield south, to the north ende of little 
Britaine streete. On the east side of this Ducke lane, and 
also of Smithfield, lyeth the late dissolued priorie of 5. Bar til- Prionrof Sal 
mew founded also by Rahere^ a pleasant witted Gentleman, "*^* 
and therefore in his time called the kinges MinstrelL About 
the yeare of Christ, 1102. he founded it in a part of the oft 
before named morish ground, which was theretofore a common 
lay stall of all filth, that was to be voyded out of the citie : he 
placed Canons there, himself became their first Prior, and so 
continued till his dying day, & was there buried in a fa}nre 
monument, of late renued by pryor Bolton. 

Amongst other memorable matters, touching this priorie, 
one is of an Archbishops Visitation, which Mathew Paris Archbishop 
hath thus. Boniface (sayeth he) Archbishoppe of Canterbury, ^^''^ 
in his Visitation, came to this priorie, where being receiued BaitUmewei 
with procession in the most solemne wise, hee saide that hee \J^^ 
passed not vpon the honor, but came to visite them, to whome 
the Canons aunswered, that they hauing a learned Bishop, 
ought not in contempt of him to be visited by any other: 



26 Faringdon IVarde without 

Words of the which aunswere so much offended the Archbishop, that hee 

ttSpriS^iLi^ forthwith fell on the Supprior, and smote him on the face, 

Canons. saying» indeed, indeede, dooth it become you English Traytors 

inS u!dt^^ ^ to aunswere mee? Thus raging with oathes not to bee recited, 

vndcr foote, hee rent in peeces the rich Cope of the supprior, and trode it 

almost slaine. vnder his feete, and thrust him against a pillar of the Chaun- 

bShop^cd ^^ ^^* ^"^ violence, that hee had almost killed him : but 

& oner- the Canons seeing their supprior thus almost slayne, came and 

Thc^Mons plucked off the Archbishoppe with such force that they ouer- 

berten and threw him backwardes, whereby they might see that hee was 

foote. armed and prepared to fight : the Archbishoppes men seeing 

Sm^*^ theyr maister downe, being all strangers and their maisters 

bntconldnot countrimen born at Prouence, fell vpon the Canons, beat 

be eard. them, tare them, and trod them vnder feete, at length the 

Canons getting away as well as they could, ran bloody and 

myry, rent and tome, to the Bishoppe of London to complaine, 

who bad them goe to the king at Westminster, and tell him 

thereof, wherevpon foure of them went thether, the rest were 

PagesSo not able, they were so sore hurt, but | when they came to 

Westminster, the king would neither heare nor see them, so 

The whole they returned without redresse. In the meane season the whole 

raore gainst ^^^^ ^'^^ ^^ *" vprore, and ready to haue rung the common 

the Arch- bell, and to haue hewed the Archbishop into small peeces, who 

^ was secretly crept to Lambhith, where they sought him, and 

not knowing him by sight, sayd to themselues, where is this 

Ruffian, that cruell smiter, hee is no winner of soules, but an 

exactor of money, whome neyther God, nor any lawfull or 

free election, did bring to this promotion, but the king did 

vnlawfully intrude him, being vtterly vnlearned, a stranger 

borne, and hauing a wife, &c. But the Archbishop conueyed 

himselfe ouer, and went to the king with a great complaint 

against the Canons, whereas himselfe was guiltie. This priorie 

of Saint Bartholomew was again new builded, in the yeare 

1410. 

Bolton last Bolton was the last prior of this house, a great builder 

S^emewa^ there: for he repayred the priorie church with the parrish 

great bniider Church adioyning, the offices and lodgings to the said priorie 

Canonberie. belonging, & neare adioyning : he builded of new the Mannor 

of Canonbery at Islington, which belonged to the Canons of 



Faringdon IVarde without 27 

this house, and is situate in a lowe ground, somewhat North 
from the parrish church there, but hee buylded no house at 
Harrow on the hill, as Edwarde Hall hath written, following Edward Hal 
a (able then on foote. The people (sayeth hee) being feared 
by Prognostications, which declared that in the yeare of Christ 
1504. there should be such Eclipses in watrie signes, and such 
coniunctions, that by waters and flouds many people shoulde 
perish, people victualed themselues, and went to high groundes 
for feare of drowning, and especially one Bolton^ which was 
prior of Saint BarOtolomewes in Smithfield, builded him a 
house vppon Harrow on the hill, onely for feare of this floud, 
thither he went and made prouision of all things necessarie 
within him for the space of two Moneths, &c. but this was not 
so indeed, as I haue beene credibly informed : true it is that 
this Bolton was also parson of Harrow, and therfore bestowed 
some small reparations on the parsonage house, and builded 
nothing there more then a Douehouse, to serue him when he 
had forgone his priorie. 

To this priorie king Henrie the second granted the priui- 
ledge I of fay re to bee kept yearely at Bartholomew tide for p ^^ 
three dayes, to wit, the Eue, the day, and next morrow, to the Bartilmew 
which the Clothiers of all England, and Drapers of London l^ fonaa 
repayred, and had their Soothes and standings within the were license 
Churchyard of this priorie closed in with Walles and Gates dayes^'the 
locked euery night, and watched for safetie of mens goodes Jrecmen «> 
and wares, a Court of pie-powders was dayly during the Fayre would, whic 
holden for debts and contracts. But now notwithstanding ^"^^^^ 
all proclamations of the prince, and also the act of parliament, 
in place of Boothes within this Churchyarde (onely letten out Conit of Pic 
in the Fayre time, and closed vp all the yeare after) bee many ^^ 
large houses builded, and the North Wall towardes Long lane 
taken downe, a number of Tenements are there erected, for 
such as will giue greate rents. 

Monuments of the deade in this priorie are these, of Rahere 
the first founder, Roger Walden Bishoppe of London, 1406. 
John Warton Gentleman, and Elizabeth his wife, daughter 
to William Scot Esquire, John Louth Gentleman, Robert 

Shikeld Gentleman, Sir Bacon knight, lohn Ludlow, 

and Alice his wife, W. Thirlewall Esquire, Richard Lancaster 



28 



Faringdon IVarde without 



PagejSQ 



Long Une. 



Chiken Une. 
Cowbridge. 
Pens in Smith- 
Beld. 



Heraulde at Armes, Thomas Tarald^ lohn Royston^ lohn 
Waiforde^ lohn Carleion^ Robert^ sonne to Sir Robert WU' 
bwby^ Gilbert Halstocke^ Elanor wife to Sir Hugh Fetmey 
mother to Margaret Lady Burgauenie^ WUliam Essex Esquire, 
Richarde Vancke Baron of the Exchequer, and Margaret his 
wife, daughter to William de la Riuar, lohn Winderhall^ lohn 
Duram Esquire, and Elizabeth his wife, lohn Malwaine^ Alice 
wife to Balstred daughter to Kniffe^ William Scarlet Esquire, 
John Golding^ Hugh Waltar Gentleman, and the late Sir 
W altar Mildmay knight, Chancellor of the Exchequer, &c. 

This priorie at the late surrender, the 30. of Henrie the 
eight, was valued at 653. li. 15. s. by yeare. 

This church hauing in the bell Tower sixe Belles in a tune, 
those bels were sold to the parish of Saint Sepulchres^ and then 
the Church being pulled downe to the Quire, the Quire was 
by the kings order annexed for the enlarging of the olde 
parish church | thereto adioyning, and so was vsed till the 
raigne of Queene Marie ^ who gaue the remnant of the priorie 
church to the Friers preachers, or black Friers, and was vsed 
as their couentual church vntill the first of our Soueraigne 
Ladie Queene Elizabeth^ those Friers were put out, and all 
the saide church with the olde parrish church was wholy, as 
it stoode in the last yeare of Edwarde the sixt, giuen by 
parliament to remaine for euer a parrish Church to the 
inhabitants within the close called great S. Bartholomewes. 
Since the which time, that olde parish church is pulled downe, 
except the steeple of rotten Timber readie to fall of it selfe. 
I haue oft heard it reported, that a new steeple should bee 
builded with the stone, leade and tymber of the olde parish 
church, but no such thing was performed. The parish haue 
lately repayred the old woodden steeple to seme their tume. 
On the north side of this priorie, is the lane truly called Long, 
which reacheth from Smithfield to Aldersgate street. This 
lane is now lately builded on both the sides with tenements 
for brokers, tiplers, and such like : the rest of Smithfield from 
long lane end to the bars is inclosed with Innes, Brewhouses 
and large tenements, on the west side is Chicken lane downe 
to Cowbridge. Then be the pens or folds so called of 



Faringdon IVarde without 29 

sheep there parted, and penned vp to be sold on the market 
dayes. 

Then is Smithfield pond, which of olde time in Records was Smithfielde 
called Horse-poole, for that men watered horses there, andg^^j^"^j^ 
was a great water. In the sixt of Henrie the lift, a new 
building was made in this west part of Smithfield betwixt the 
said Poole and the Riuer of the Wels, or Tumemill brooke, 
in a place then called the Elmes, for that there grew many The Elmes j 
Elme trees, and this had beene the place of execution for ^J^^here 
OflTendors : since the which time the building there hath beene trespusen 
so encreased, that now remaineth not one tree growing. "^ ****^ 

Amongst these new buildings is Cowbridge street, or Cow 
lane, which tumeth toward Oldbome, in which lane, the Prior 
of Semperingham had his Inne, or London lodging. 

The rest of that west side of Smithfield hath diuers fayre 
Innes and other comely buildings, vp to Hosiar lane, wjiich also Hosiar lane. 
tumeth downe to Oldbome, till it meete with Cowbridge streete. 
From this lane to Cocke lane, ouer against pie comer. | Cocke lane. 

And thus much for encrochments and indosure of Utas Page 38s 
Smithfield, whereby remaineth but a small portion for the instinm in 
old vses, to wit, for markets of horses and cattle, neither for S«"*^*«W. 
Military exercises, as lustings, Turnings, and great triumphes 
which haue been there performed before the princes and 
nobility both of this Realm and forraigne countries. 

For example to note : In the yeare 1357. the 31. of Edward Fabian. 
the third, great and royall lustes were there holden in Smith- 
field, there being present the Kings of England, France; and 
Scotland, with many other nobles, and great estates of diuers 
lands. 

1362. The 36. oli Edward the third, on the first fiue dayes 
of May, in Smithfield were lustes holden, the King and 
Queene being present, with the most part of the Chiualry of 
England, and of France, and of other Nations, to the which 
came Spaniards, Cyprians, and Arminians, knightly request- 
ing ^ the King of England, against the Pagans that inuaded 
their confines. 

The 48. of Edward the third, Dame Alice Ferrers (the Alice Penev 
kings Concubine) as Lady of the Sunne, rode from the Tower t!Sw»^o ^ 

^ the ayde of add. 1633 



30 Faringdon IVarde without 

Smithfidd as of London, through Cheape, accompanied of many Lords and 

Snime? * Ladies, euery Lady leading a Lord by his horse bridle, till 
they came into west Smithfield, and then began a great lust, 
which endured seuen dayes after. 

Also the 9. of Richard the second, was the like great riding 
from the Tower to Westminster, and euery Lord led a Laydyes 
horse bridle, and on the morrow began the lustes in Smith- 
field, which lasted two dayes : there bare them well, Henry of 
Darby ^ the Duke of Lankesters sonne, the Lord Beamcunt^ sir 
Simon Bur ley ^ and sir Paris * Courtney. 

In the 14. of Richard the second, after Frosart^ royall lustes 
and Tumements were proclaimed to be done in Smithfield, to 
begin on sunday next after the feast of saint Michael : many 
strangers came forth of other countries, namely Valarian 
Earle of 5. Paul^ that had maried King Richards sister, the 
Lady Maud Courtney^ and William the yong Earle of 
Ostaruanty sonne to Albari of Bauiere^ Earle of Holland and 
Henault. At the day appo}mted, there issued forth of the 
tower, about the third houre of the day, 60. coursers, appar- 

Paffij84 relied for the lusts, and vpon euery | one an Esquier of 
honour riding a soft pace : then came forth 60. Ladyes of 
honour mounted vpon palfraies, riding on the one side, richly 

Tower Roiall. apparrelled, and euery Lady led a knight with a chayne of 
gold. Those knights being on the Kings party, had their 
Armour and apparrell garnished with white Hartes and 
Crownes of gold about the Harts neckes, & so they came 
riding through the streetes of London to Smithfield, mth 
a great number of trumpets and other instruments of musicke 
before them. The King and Queene who were lodged in the 
Bishops palace of London, were come from thence, with many 
great estates, and placed in chambers to see the lustes : the 
Ladies that led the knights, were taken downe from their 
palfrayes, and went vp to chambers prepared for them. Then 
alighted the Esquiers of honour from their coursers, & the 
knights in good order mounted vpon them, and after their 
Helmets were set on their heads, and being ready in all points, 
proclamation made by the Haraults, the lustes began, and 

* Paris] Jdojf i6jjj i, e. Sir Peter or Piers Courtenay 



Faringdon IVarde without 31 

many commendable courses were runne, to the great pleasure 
of the beholders : this lustes continued many dayes, with great 
feasting, as ye may read in Frosard. 

In the yeare 1393. the 17. oi Richard the second, certaine 
Lords of Scotland came into England to get worship by force 
of Armes, the Earle of Mare chalenged the Earle of Noting^ 
ham, to iust with him, and so they rode together certaine 
courses, but not the full chalenge, for the Earle of Mare was 
cast both horse and man, and two of his ribbes broken 
with the fall, so that he was conuaied out of Smithfield, and 
so towards Scotland, but dyed by the way at Yorke. Sir 
William Darell knight, the Kings banner bearer of Scotland^ 
chalenged sir Percie Courtney knight the Kings banner bearer 
of England, and when they had run certaine courses, gaue 
ouer without conclusion of victory. Then Cookebome Esquier 
of Scotland, chalenged sir Nicholas Hawberke knight, and 
rode fiue courses, but Cookebome was borne ouer horse and 
man, &c. 

In the yeare 1409. the 10. of Henry the fourth, a great play 
was played at the Skinners Wei, which lasted eight daies : 
where were to see the same the most part of the Nobles and 
Gentles in England. And forthwith began a royall lusting in 
Smithfield, bejtween the Earle of Somerset, and the Senes-Z'd^i^/ 
hall of Henalt, sir lo. Cornwall, sir Richard Arrundell, & the 
Sonne of sir lohn Cheiney, against certaine French men. And 
the same yeare a battell was fought in Smithfield, betweene 
two Esquiers, the one called Glaucestar appellant, and the 
other Arthure Defendaunt, they fought valiantly, but the 
King tooke vp the quarrell into his hands, and pardoned 
them both. 

In the yeare 1430. the 8. of Henry the 6. the 14 of lanuary, 
a battell was done in Smithfield, within the listes, before the 
king betweene two men of Feuersham in kent, John Vpton 
notary, Appellaunt, and lohn Downe Gentleman, Defendaunt : 
lohn Vpton put vpon lohn Downe, that he and his compiers 
should imagin the Kings death, the day of his Coronation. 
When these had fought long, the King tooke vp the matter 
and forgaue both the parties. 

In the yeare 1449. the twentieth of Henry the sixt the 



32 Faringdon IVarde without 

thirteenth of lanuary, a challenge was done in Smithfield, 

within listes, before the King, there being sir Phillip la Beaufe 

of Aragon knight, the other an Esquier of the kings house, 

called John Ansley or Ansiley^ they came to the field all 

armed, the knight mth his sword drawne, and the Esquier 

with his speare, which speare he cast against the knight, but 

the knight auoyded it with his sword, & cast it to the ground, 

then the Esquier tooke his axe, & smote many blowes on the 

knight, and made him let fall his axe, and brake vp his vmber 

three times, and would haue smit him on the face with his 

dagger, for to haue slayne him, but then the king cried hold, 

and so they were departed : the king made lohn Ansley 

knight, and the knight of Aragon offered his hamesse at 

Windsor. 

lohnDanya In the yeare 1446. the 24. of Henry the 6. /. Dat^ 

^^^^JJ^^^Jappeached his Maister WiL Catur of treason, and a day 

him wfts rmiied being assigned them to fight in Smithfield, the Master being 

ye sme me'so ^^ beloued was SO cherished by his friends, and plied with 

iwiicalyou wine, that being therewith ouercome, was also vnluckily 

slayne by his seruant : but that false seruant (for he falsely 

accused his Maister) liued not long vnpunished, for he was 

after hanged at Teybome for fellony. Let such false accusers 

Pagesse note this for example, and looke for no | better end without 

speedy repentance. 

The same yeare, Thomas Fits^Thomas Prior of KilnuUne 
appeached sir lames Butlar Earle of Ormond of treasons: 
which had a day assigned them to fight in Smithfield, the 
listes were made, and the field prepared, but when it came to 
the point, the king commaunded they should not fight, and 
tooke the quarrell into his hands. 

In the yeare 1467. the seuenth of Edward the fourth, the 
bastard of Burgoigne chalenged the Lord Scales^ brother to 
the Queene, to fight with him, both on horse backe and on 
foote: the King therefore caused listes to bee prepared in 
Smithfield, the length of 120 Taylors yardes, and 10. foote, 
and in breadth 80. }rardes, and ao. foote, double barred, 5. 
foote betweene the barres, the timber worke whereof, cost ooo. 
markes, besides the fayre and costly galories prepared for the 
Ladyes and other : at the which martiall enterprise the King 



Faringdon IVarde without 33 

and Nobility were present. The first day they ranne together 
with speares, and departed with equall honour. The next day 
they turneyed on horse backe, the Lord Scales horse hauing 
on his Chafron a long speare pike of Steele, and as the two 
Champions coaped together, the same horse thrust his pike 
into the nostrilles of the Bastards horse, so that for very payne 
he mounted so high that he fell on the one side with his 
Master, and the Lord Scales rode about him with his sword 
drawne, till the King commaunded the Marshall to helpe vp 
the Bastard, who sayd, I cannot hold me by the clouds, for 
though my horse fayle me, I will not fayle an incounter com- 
panion : but the king would not suffer them to do any more 
that day. 

The next morrow, they came into the listes on foote, with 
two pole axes, and fought valiantly, but at the last, the point 
of the pole axe of the Lord Scales entered into the side of 
the Bastardes Helme, and by force might haue placed him on 
his knees: But the king cast downe his warder, and the 
Marshall seuered them. The Bastard required that he might 
performe his enterprise : but the king gaue iudgement, as the 
Bastard relinquished his chalenge, &c. And this may suffice 
for lustes in Smithfield. 

Now to retume through Giltspurre streete by Newgate, | 
where I first b^;an, there standeth the fayre parish church PagejSj 
called Saint Sepulchers in the Bayly, or by Chamberlaine lohn LeyUn 
gate, in a fayre Church yarde, though not so large as of old 
time, for the same is letten out for buildings, and a garden 
plot. 

This Church was newly reedified or builded, about the 
raigne of Henry the sixt, or of Edward the fourth : one of the 
Pophames was a great builder there, namely of one fayre Popiiames 
chappell on the South side of the Quire, as appeareth by his s!scp5dier 
Armes, and other monuments in the Glasse windowes thereof. Church, 
and also the fayre Porch of the same Church towardes the 
South : his Image faire grauen in stone, was fixed ouer the 
saide Porch, but defaced and beaten downe, his title by offices 
was this. Chancellor of Normandy^ Captayne of Vernoyk^ 
Pearcht Susan^ and Bayon, and Treasurer of the kings hous- 
hold : he dyed rich, leauing great treasure of strange coynes^ 

•TOW. u D 



34 



Faringdon IVarde without 



Oldboorne 
Condnite by 
Oldboorne 
Crosse. 



Pagej88 



Scropes Inne 
sometime Ser- 
eemnts Inne, in 
Oldbome. 



and was buried in the Charterhouse church, by west Smith- 
field : the first nobilitating of these Pophames was byMatkiI(d} 
the Empresse, daughter to Henry the first, and by Henry her 
Sonne. One Popkame^ gentleman of very fayre landes in South- 
ampton shire, dyed without issue male, about Henry the «xt, 
and leauing foure daughters, they were maried to Fostar^ 
Barentine^ Wodham^ and Hamden. Popham Deane (distant 
three miles from Clarendon^ and three miles from Martiskam) 
was sometime the chiefe Lordship or Mannor house of these 
Pophames. 

There lye buried in this Church, William Andrew^ Stephen 
Clamparde^ Lawrence Warcam, lohn Dagworth^ William 
Porter^ Robert Scarlet Esquiers. 

Next to this Church is a fayre and lai^e Inne for receipt of 
trauellers, and hath to signe the Sarasens head. 

There lyeth a streete from Newgate west, to the end of 
Tumagaine lane, and winding north to Oldbome Conduite. 
This Conduite by Oldbome Crosse was first builded 1498. 
Thomasin widdow to lohn Perciuall^ Mayor, gaue to the 
second making thereof 20. markes, Richard Shore lo.l. Thomas 
Knesworth and others also did giue towards it. 

But of late, a new Conduit was there builded in place of the 
old, namely in the yeare 1577. by William Lamb^ somtime 
a gen|tleman of the Chappell to king H. the 8. and afterward 
a Citizen and Clothworker of London, the water thereof he 
caused to be conueyed in lead, from diuers springs to one 
head, and from thence to the said Conduite, and waste of one 
Cocke at Oldbome bridge, more then 2000. yards in length, 
all which was by him performed at his owne charges, amounting 
to the summe of 1500.I. 

From the west side of this Conduit is the high way, there 
called Snor hill, stretcheth out by Oldbome bridge ouer the 
oft named water of Turmill brooke, and so vp to Oldbome 
hill, all replenished with fayre building. 

Without Oldbome bridge on the right hand is Gold lane, 
as is before shewed : vp higher on the hill be certa}me Innes, 
and other fayre buildings, amongst the which of old time was 
a Messuage called Scropes Inne, for so I find the same recorded 
in the 37. of Henry the sixt. 



Faringdon IVarde without 35 

This house was sometime letten out to Sei^eants at the law, 
as appeareth, and was foond by inquisition taken in the Guild 
Hall of London, before William Purchase Mayor, and Exche- 
tor for the king Henry the seuenth in the 14. of his raigne, 
after the death of John Lord Scrope^ that he dyed seized ^ in 
his demesne of fee, by the feofment of Guy Fairfax knight, 
one of the kings lustices, made in the 9. of the same king, 
vnto (an) Esquier, the said lohn Scrope knight. Lord Scrqpe 
of Bolton, and Robert Wingfield^ of one house or tenement 
late called Sergeants Inne, scituate against the Church of 
Saint Andrew in Oldbome in the City of London, with two 
gardens and two Messuages to the same tenement belonging 
in the sayd Citie, to hold in burgage, valued by the yeare in 
all reprises, x.s. 

Then is the Bishop of Elies Inne, so called of belonging and Elie place k 
pertayning to the Bishops of Elye. William de Luda Bishop "^ 
of Elye, deceased lapS.' gaue this house by the name of his 
Mannor, with the appurtenances in Oldbome, to his successors, 
with condition his next successor should pay 1000. markes to 
the finding of three Chaplaines in the Chappell there. More, 
lohn Hotham Bishop of Elie did giue by the name of sixe 
Messuages two sellars, and forty Acres of land in the Suburbs 
of London, in the parish of Saint Andrew in Oldbome, to the 
Prior and couent of Elie as | appeareth by patent, the 9. ofJ^iejSp 
Edward the third : this man was Bishop of Elye ao. yeares, 
and deceased 1336. 

Thomas Arundell Bishoppe of Elie beautifully builded of 
new his Pallace at Elie, and likewise his Mannors in diuers 
places, especially this in Oldbome, which he did not onely 
repaire, but rather new builded, and augmented it with a large 
Port, gate house, or front towardes the streete or high way : 
his armes are yet to bee discerned in the stone worke thereof : 
he sate Bishop of Elie 14. yeares, and was translated to Yorke. 

In this house for the large and commodious roomes thereof, 
diuers great and solemne feastes haue beene kept, especially 
by the Sergeants at the lawj whereof twaine are to be noted 
for posterity. 

^ dyed seized] conj, dyed deceased 1603 
* 12^'\ StubSs\ 1297 /doj 



36 Faringdon IVarde without 

manu feast The first, in the yeare 1464. the fourth ol Edward the fourth, 
honse. jj^ Michelmas tearme, the Sergeants at law held their feast in 
this house, to the which amongst other estates, Mathew PhUUp 
Mayor of London, with the Aldermen, ShirifTes, and commons 
of diuers craftes being inuited, did repaire : but when the 
Mayor looked to keepe the state in the hall as it had beene 
vsed in all places within the Citie and liberties (out of the 
Kings presence) the Lord Gray of Ruthen^ then Lord Trea- 
surer of England, vnwitting the Sergeants and against their 
willes (as they sayd) was first placed : whereupon the Mayor, 
Aldermen, and commons departed home^ and the Mayor made 
the Aldermen to dine with him : howbeit he & al the 
Citizens were wonderfully displeased, that he was so dealt 
with, and the new Sergeants and others were right sory there- 
fore, and had rather then much good (as they said) it had not 
so happened. 

One other feast was likewise there kept, in the yeare 1531, 
the 93. of king Henry the 8. : the Sergeants then made were in 
number 11. namely, Thomas AudeUy^ Walter Luke^ /. Bawd'- 
wine^ /. Hinde^ Christopher lennie^ lohn Dowsell^ Edward 
Meruine^ Edmond Knightley^ Roger Chomley^ Edward Monta^ 
gue^ and Robert Yorke. 

These also held their feast in this Elie house for fiue 
daies^ to wit Fryday the 10. of Nouember, Saterday, Sunday, 
Munday, and Tuesday. On Munday (which was their prind- 
gej9o pall day) | King Henry and Queene Katherine dined there (but 
%^^^ in two chambers) and the forraine Ambassadors in a third 
theiine * chamber. In the Hall at the high table, sate sir Nicholas 
^dauhc Lambard Mayor of London, the Judges, the Barons of the 
itet. Exchequer, with certaine Aldermen of the Citie: At the 

boord on the south side, sate the Master of the Rowles, the 
Maister of the Chauncery, and worshipfull Citizens: On 
the North side of the Hall certayne Aldermen began the 
boorde, and then followed Merchants of the City: in the 
Cloistrie, Chappell and gallory, knights, Esquiers, and Gentle- 
men were placed : in the Halles, the Craftes of London : the 
Sergeantes of law and their wiues kept in their owne chambers* 
It were tedious to set downe the preparation of fish, flesh, 
and other victuals spent in this feast, and would seeme almost 



Faringdon IVarde without 37 

incredible and (as to me it seemeth) wanted little of a feast at 
a coronation : neuerthelesse a little I will touch, for declaration 
of the change of prices. There were brought to the slaughter 
house 24. great Beefes, at 26. shillings 8. pence the peece 
from the shambles, one carkasse of an Oxe at 34.S., one 
hundred fat Muttons, ij.s. x.d. the peece, 51. great Veales at 
4. shillings 8.d. the peece, 34. Porkes, 3. shillings 8.d. the 
peece, 91. pigs 6.d. the peece, Capons of Grece of one Poulter, 
(for they had three) 10. dozens at ao.d. the peece. Capons of 
Kent 9. dozens and sixe at I2.d. the peece, Capons course 
19. dozen at 6.d. the peece, Cockes of grose 7. dozen and 
nine at 8.d. the peece, Cockes course 14. dozen and 8. at 3.d. 
the peece, Pullets the best 2.d. ob., other Pullets 2.d, Pigeons 
37. dozen at x.d. the dozen, Swannes 14. dozen, larkes 340. 
dozen at v. d. the dozen, &c. Edward Neuill was Seneshall 
or Steward, Thomas Ratcliffe Controwler, Thomas Wildon^ 
Clearke of the kitchin. 

Next beyond this Mannor of Elie house, is Lither lane, Lither Une. 
turning into the field. Then is Fumiualles Inne, now an Inne fj^'^J^inne 
of Chauncery, but sometime belonging to sir William F«r-ofClunmccfy. 
niuall knight, & Thomesin his wife, who had in Oldbome two 
Messuages, and 13. shops, as appeareth by Record of Richard 
the 2. in the sixt of his raigne. 

Then is the Earle of Bathes Inne, now called Bath place, | The Earle ol 
of late for the most part new builded, and so to the barres. Pagej^i "^ 

Now againe from Newgate on the left hand or south side 
lyeth the old Bayly, which runneth downe by the wall vpon 
the ditch of the Cittie called Houndes ditch to Ludgate : Honndi ditch. 
I haue not read how this streete tooke that name, but is like 
to haue risen of some court of olde time there kept, and I finde The Chamber- 
that in the yeare 1356. the 34. of E. the 3. the tenement and J^^'cS^nin 
ground vpon Houndes ditch, betweene Ludgate on the south, the old Bayly, 
and Newgate on the north was appointed to lohn Cambridge 
Fishmonger, Chamberlain of London, whereby it seemeth that 
the Chamberlaines of London haue there kept their courts, as 
now they doe by the Guildehall, and till this day the Mayor 
and lustices of this city kept their sessions in a part thereof, 
now called the Sessions hal, both for the citty of London, and The lemons 
shire of Middlesex. Ouer against the which house on the 



38 



Faringdon IVarde without 



S. Geotgcs 
lane, an Inne 
of Channoery 
there. 



Ori|rinall of 
New Inne. 
An Inne of 
Chaunoery. 



A standard of 
spring water 
in the olde 
Bayly. 



Pagej92 

Seacole lane, 
or Lime- 
bomers lane, 
somtime 
so called. 
Wlnd«gune 
lane. 

Snore lane. 



Shooe lane. 



Oldbome hall. 



Parish church 
of S. Andrew 
in Oldbome. 



right hand tumeth down saint Georges lane, towardes Fleete 
lane. In this S. Georges lane on the north side thereof, 
remayneth yet an olde wall of stone, inclosing a peece of 
ground vp Seacole lane, wherin by report somtime stood an 
Inne of Chancery : which house being greatly decayed, and 
standing remote from other houses of that profession, the com- 
pany remoued to a common hostery, called of the signe our 
Lady Inne, not far from Clements Inne, which they procured 
from Sir lohn Fineux^ Lord chiefe lustice of the Kings bench, 
and since haue helde it of the owners, by the name of the new 
Inne, paying therefore vi.l. rent by the yeare, as tenants at 
their owne will : for more (as is said) cannot be gotten of them 
and much lesse will they be put from it. Beneath this S. 
Georges lane, (is) the lane called Fleet lane, winding south 
by the prison of the Fleet into Fleetstreete, by Fleete bridge. 
Lower downe into the Old Bayly, is at this present a standard 
of timber with a cocke or cockes, deliuering fayre spring water 
to the inhabitants, and is the wast of the water seruing the 
prisoners in Ludgate. 

Next out of the high street turneth downe a lane, called the 
little Baylie, which runneth downe to the east ende of S. 
Georges lane. The next is Seacole lane, I thinke called Lime- 
burners lane, of burning Lime there with Seacole. For I reade 
in record of such a Lane to haue beene in the parrish of saint 
Sepulcher | & there yet remayneth in this lane an Alley called 
Limeburners Alley. Neare vnto this Seacoale lane in the 
turning towardes Oldboome Conduit is Turnagaine lane, or 
rather, as in a record of the fift oi Edward Xh^ third, Windagaine 
lane, for that it goeth downe west to Fleete dike, from whence 
men must tume againe the same way they came, for there it 
is stopped. Then the high street turneth down Snore hill, to 
Oldbome Conduit, and from thence to Oldborne bridge, 
beyond the which bridge, on the left hand, is Shooe lane by 
the which men passe from Oldborn to Fleetestreet, by the 
Conduit there. In this Shooe lane on the lefte hande is one 
olde house called Oldbome Hall, it is now letten out into 
diuers Tenementes. On the other side at the very comer 
standeth the parish church of 5. Andrew^ in the which church, 
or neare therevnto was somtime kept a Grammer schoole, as 



Faringdon IVarde without 39 

appeareth in an other place by a Patent, made as I haue shewed Grammer 
for the erection of schooles. There bee monumentes in this oidU>roe? 
church of Thomas Lord Writhesley Earle of Southampton, 
buried 1550. i?£j/A^^/^^/^of Lincolnes InneEsquier, Maister 
of saint Katherines, and one of the Maysters of Requestes to 
the Queenes Maiestie, who deceased the 14. of lune, 1596. 
He gaue by his Testament to Christes HospitaU in London 
loo.li., to the CoUedge of the poore of Queene Elizabeth 
in east Greenwich, 100. pound, to the poore scoUers in Cam- 
bridge, 100. pound, to the poore schollers in Oxford 100. pound> 
to the prisoners in the two Compters in London aoo.lL, to the 
prisoners in the Fleete ico. pound, to the prisoners in Ludgate 
100. pound, to the prisoners in Newgate 100. pound, to the 
prisoners in the Kinges Bench 100. pound, to the prisoners in 
the Marshalsey an hundred pound, to the prisoners in the 
White Lion twenty pound, to the poore of saint Katherines 
twenty pound, and to euery brother and sister there, fortie 
shillings : William Sydnam founded a chauntry there. There 
was also of old time, (as I haue read in the thirde of Henry 
the fift) an HospitaU for the poore, which was a Cell to the Hotpitallin 
house of Cluny in France, and was therefore suppressed among °°*^"^' 
the Priories Aliens. 

From this church of S. Andrew vp Oldbome hill bee 
diuers fayre builded houses, amongst the which on the left hand 
there | standeth three Innes of Chauncery, whereof the first Pa&39S 
adioyning vnto Crookhom Alley is called Thaues Inne, and Crokhorne 
standeth opposite, or ouer against the said Elie house. Then xhMdes Inne. 
is Fewtar lane which stretcheth south into Fleetestreet by the Fewtan lane ^ 
east end of S. Dunstones church, and is so called of Fewters (or 
idle people) lying there, as in a way leading to Gardens : but 
the same is now of latter yeares on both sides builded through 
with many fayre houses. 

Beyond this Fewtars lane is Barnards Inne, alias Macworths^ Bamards Inne. 
Inne, which is of Chauncery, belonging to the Deane and 
chapter of Lincolne, as sayth the Record of H. the 6. the 32. 
of his raigne, and was founded by Inquisition in the Guildhal of 
London before /. Norman Mayor die Kinges exchetre : the Pat H. 6. 3a. 

* Fewtars Inne 1603 ■ Macworths Record \ Motworths 1603 



40 



Faringdon IVarde without 



Staple Inne. 



Ludgate hill. 

The Flecte or 
Gaole in the 
raigne of 
Richaidthe 
first. 

Pages94 



Conduit in 
Fleetestrccte. 



lury sayde, that it was not hurtfull for the king to licence 
T. Athens cittizen of London, & one of the Executors to lohn 
Mackewarth Deane of Lincolne, to giue one messuage in 
Holbom in London with the appurtenances called Mackworthes 
Inne, but now commonlie knowne by the name of Bamardes 
Inne, to the Deane and chapter of Lincolne, to finde one 
sufficient Chaplaine to celebrate diuine seruice in the chappie 
of S. George in the Cathedral! church of Lincoln, where the 
body of the sayde John is buried, to haue and to hold the sayde 
messuage to the sayde Deane and Chapter, and to their suc- 
cessors for euer, in part of satisfaction of 20.1i. landes and 
rentes, which Edwarde the third licensed the sayde Deane 
and Chapter to purchase to their owne vse, e)^her of their owne 
fee or tenor, or of any other, so the landes were not holden 
of the king in capite. Then is Staple Inne, also of Chancery, 
but whereof so named I am ignorant : the same of late is for 
a great part therof fayre builded, and not a little augmented : 
And then at the Barre endeth this ward without newgate. 

Without Ludgate on the right hand or North side from the 
saide gate lyeth the Old Bayly, as I sayde, then the high streete 
called Ludgate hill downe to Fleete lane, in which lane standeth 
the Fleete, a prison House, so called of the Fleet or Water run- 
ning by it, and sometime flowing about it, but now vaulted ouer. 

I read that Richard the first in the first of his raigne, con- 
firmed to Osbert^ brother to William Longshampe Chancelor 
of I England, and elect of Elie, and to his heyres for euer the 
custody of his house, or palace at Westminster, with the keep- 
ing of his gaole of the Fleet at London : also king lohn by his 
patent dated the 3. of his raigne, gaue to S(imon) Archdeacon 
of Welles the custody of the said kings house at Westminster, 
and of his Gaole of the Fleet, together with the Wardship of the 
daughter and heyre oiRoberte Leueland^ &c. Then is Fleete 
Bridge, pitched ouer the sayd Water, whereof I haue spoken in 
an other place. 

Then also against the South end of Shooe Lane standeth 
a fayre Water Conduit, whereof William Eastfield sometime 
Mayor, was founder: for the Mayor and Comminaltie of 
London being possessed of a Conduit heade, with diuers springs 
of Water gathered thereinto in the Parrish of Padington, and 



Faringdon Warde without 41 

the water conueighed from thence by pypes of leade towardes 
London vnto Teybome : where it had la}me by the space of 
sixe yeares and more : The Executors of Sir WiUiam Easte^ 
fielde obta}med licence of the Ma3^r and Comminaltie, for 
them in the yeare 1453. ^^ ^^^ goodes of Sir William^ to 
conueigh the sayde waters : first in pypes of leade into a p)l>e 
b^unne to bee laide besides the greate Conduit heade at 
Maribone, which stretcheth from thence vnto a separall, late 
before made against the Chappell of Rounseuall by Charing 
Crosse, and no further, and then from thence to conuay the 
said water into the citie, & there to make receipt or receipts 
for the same vnto the common weale of the comminaltie, to 
wit, the poore to drinke, the rich to dresse their meats, which 
water Was by them brought thus into Fleetstreet to a standard, 
which they had made and finished, 1471. 

The inhabitantes of Fleetestreete in the yeare 1478. obtained 
licence of the Mayor, Aldermen and comminaltie to make at 
their owne charges two cestemes, the one to be set at the said 
standarde, the other at Fleete bridge for the receit of the wast Conduit at 
water : this cesteme at the standard they builded, and on the '***'^^ 
same a fayre tower of stone, garnished with images of 5*. 
Christopher on the top, and Angels round about lower down, 
with sweet sounding bels before them, whereupon by an Engine 
placed in the Tower, they, diuers houres of the day and night, 
chymed such an Hymme as was appointed. | 

This conduit or standard was againe new builded with ^Pagts^s 
larger cestem, at the charges of the citie, in the yeare, 158 a. 

From this Conduit vp to Fewtars lane and further, is the Parish chiin:h 
parish church of S. Dunstan, called in the west, (for difference ttonei! 
from S. Dunstone in the east) where lyeth buried T. Duke 
Skinner in S. Katherins chappel by him builded, 1421. 
Nicholas Coningston^ lohn Knape^ and other founded chaun- 
teries there. Raph Bane Bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield, 
1559. and other. 

Next beyond this church is Cliffords Inne, somtime belong- Cliffords inoe. 
ing to Robert Clifford, by gift of Edward the second in these 
words. * The king granteth to Robert Clifford that messuage 
with the appurtenances next the Church of S. Dunstane in 
the West in the suburbs of London, which messuage was 



42 Faringdon IVarde without 

sometime MaUulines de Herley^ and came to the hands of 
E. the I. by reason of certaine debts (in) which the said 
Malculine was bound at the time of his death to our sayde 
Father, from the time that hee was Escaetor on this side 
Trent : which house lohn Earle of Richmount did holde at 
our pleasure, and is now in our possession, patent the 3. of Ed. 
the second.' After the death of this Robert Clifford^ Isabel his 
wife let the same messuage to Studients of the law, as by the 
Recorde following may appeare. 

Isabel qux fuit vxor Roberti Clifford^ Messuagium vnipar* 
titufHy quod Robertus Clifford habuit in parochia sci. Dtmstani 
West, in suburbia Londini^ &c. tenuity & illud dimisit post 
mortem diet Roberti^ apprenticiis de banco, pro xM. annuatim^ 
Sfc. Anno 18. Eduardi tertiiy inquisitio post mortem Roberti 
Clifford. 

This house hath since fallen into the kinges hands, as I haue 
heard, but returned againe to the Cliffordes^ and is now letten 
to the said Studentes for foure pound by the yeare. 

Somewhat beyond this ClifTordes Inne is the south ende of 
Jew street or New streete (or Chancelar lane), on the right hande whereof 
i^e. is Sergeantes Inne called in Chauncery lane. And then nexte 

loose of was sometime the house of the conuerted lewes, founded by 
jonuerts. Vvcvg Henry the third, in place of a lewes house to him for- 
feited, in the yeare 1233. and the 17. of his raigne, who builded 
^agej^e there for them a | faire Church now vsed, and called the 
Chappell for the custodie of Rolles and Records of Chancerie. 
It standeth not farre from the old Temple, but in the midway 
betweene the olde Temple and the new, in the which house 
all such lewes and infidels as were conuerted to the Christian 
faith, were ordained and appoynted vnder an honest rule of 
life, sufficient maintenance, whereby it came to passe, that in 
short time there were gathered a g^eat number of conuerts, 
which were baptized, instructed in the doctrine of Christ, and 
there liued vnder a learned Christian appointed to goueme 
them : since the which time, to wit, in the yeare 1290. all the 
lewes in England were banished out of the Realme, whereby 
the number of conuerts in this place was decayed : and there- 
fore in the yeare 1377. this house was annexed by Patent to 
William BurstaU Clearke, Gustos Rotulorum^ or keeper of the 



Faringdon IVarde without 43 

RoUes of the Chauncerie, hy Edwarde the third in the 5i.RoUesiii 
yeare of his raigne : and this first Maister of the Rolles was i^|^^*"* 
sworne in Westminster Hall, at the Table of Marble stone : 
since the which time, that house hath beene commonly called 
the Rolles in Chancerie lane. 

Notwithstanding such of the lewes or other infidels, as haue 
in this realme beene conuerted to Christianitie, and baptised, 
haue beene relieued there: for I find in Record, that one 
WiUiam Piers a lew that became a christian, was baptised 
in the fift of Richard the second, and had two pence the day 
allowed him during his life by the said king. 

On the west side sometime was an house pertaining to the Prior of Noc- 
prior of NocUm Parke, a house of Canons in Lincolnshire : ^J^ house 
this was commonly called Hereflete Inne, and was a Brew- jf.**** *^ 
house, but now faire builded for the sixe Clearkes of the 
Chancerie, and standeth ouer against the said house called 
the Rolles, and neare vnto the lane which now entreth Pickets Ficketi croft, 
croft, or Pickets field. Then is Shere lane opening also into Shere lane. 
Pickets field, hard by the barres. On this north side of Fleet- 
streete, in the yeare of Christ 1595. 1 obserued, that when the 
laborers had broken vp the pauement, from agaynst Chancerie 
lanes end, vp towards Saint Dunstons Church, and had digged 
foure foote deepe, they found one other pauement of hard 
stone, more sufficient then the first, and therefore | harder to Pagej97 
bee broken, vnder the which they found in the made ground, 
pyles of Tymber, driuen verie thicke, and almost close togither, 
the same being as blacke as pitch or coale, and many of them 
rotten as earth, which prooueth that the ground there (as 
sundrie other places of the Citie) haue beene a Marish or full 
of springs. 

On the South side from Ludgate before the wall of the 
Citie be faire builded houses to Fleetebridge, on the which 
bridge a Cesteme for receite of spring water was made by Condiiit at 
the men of Fleetstreet, but the watercourse is decayed and not ^*^ ^^"^^^ 
restored. 

Next is Bridelane, and therein Bridewell, of olde time the Bridewell the 
kings house : for the kings of this realme haue beene there ^ ^** 
lodged, and till the ninth of Henrie the thirde, the Courtes 
were kept in the kings house wheresoeuer he was lodged, as 



44 Faringdoh IVarde without 

may appeare by ancient records, whereof I haue aeene many, 

but for example set forth one in the Chapter of Towers and 

Castles. 

King Henrie the eight builded there a stately and beautifuU 

house of new, for receit of the Emperor Charles the 5. who 

in the yeare of Christ 1522. was lodged himselfe at the blacke 

Friers, but his Nobles in this new builded Bridewell, a Gallery 

being made out of the house ouer the water, and through the 

wall of the Cittie into the Emperours lodging at the Blacke 

Friers : King Henrie himselfe oftentimes lodged there also, as 

namely in the yeare 1525. a Parliament being then holden in 

itmtes cremted the black Friers, he created states of Nobilitie there, to wit, 
t Bridewell, jj^^ p.^^ ^^^ ^ ^y J ^^j^.^^ j^^ j^^j jjy Elizabeth Blunt) 

to be Earle of Nottingham^ Duke of Richmond, and of 
Somerset, Lieutenant Generall from Trent Northward, warden 
of the East, middle, and West Marches foranenst Scotland, 
Henry Courtney Earle of Deuonshire, Coosen German to the 
king, to be Marques of Excester, Henrie Brandon a childe of 
two yeares olde, sonne to the Earle of Sufiblke, to be Earle of 
Lincolne: Sir Thomas Mannars^ Lord Rose to be Earle of 
Rutland^ Sir Henrie Clifforde to bee Earle of Cumberland, Sir 
Robert Ratcliffe to be Vicont Fitzwater^ and Sir Thomas Boloine 
Treasurer of the kings householde, to be Vicont Rochford. 
In the yeare 1528. Cardinall Campeius was brought to the | 
^ag€$^s kings presence being then at Bridewell, whither hee had called 
all his Nobilitie, ludges and Councellers, &c. And there the 
eight of Nouember in his great Chamber hee made vnto them 
an oration touching his mariage with Queene Katheren^ as ye 
may read in Edward Hall. 

In the yeare 1529. the same king Henrie and Queene 

Katherine were lodged there, whilest the question of their 

marriage was argued in the Blacke Friers, &c. 

rideweU But now you shall heare how this house became a house of 

tiTo? ^* correction. In the yeare 1553. the seuenth of king Edwarde 

ondon, to be the sixt, the tenth of Aprill : Sir George Barne} being Maior 

T^^S^. of this Citie, was sent for to the Court at White hall, and 

there at that time the king gaue vnto him for the Comminaltie 

' Bame^ Barnes 1633 



Faringdon IVarde without 



45 



and Citizens to be a Workehousc for the poore and idle persons 
of the Citie, his house of Bridewell, and 700. Markes land late 
of the possessions of the house of the Sauoy, and all the bedding 
and other furniture of the said Hospitall of the Sauoy, towards 
the maintenance of the sayd Workehouse of Bridewell, and 
the Hospitall of S. Thomas in Southwarke. 

This gift king Edward confirmed by his Charter, dated the 
26. of lune next following: and intheyeare i555.inthemoneth 
of Februarie, Sir William Gerarde Maior, and the Aldermen 
cntred Bridweli, and tooke possession thereof according to 
the gift of the said king Edward, the same being confirmed 
by Queen Marie. 

The Bishop of S. Dauids had his Inne ouer against the north 
side of this Bridweli, as I haue said. 

Then is the Parish church of Saint Bridges, or Bride, of 
olde time a small thing, which now remaineth to be the quire, 
but since encreased with a large bodie and side lies, towards 
the West, at the chaises of William Venor Esquire, Warden 
of the Fleete, about the yeare 1480. all which he caused to be 
wrought' about in the stone in the figure of a vine with Grapes 
and leaues, &c. The partition betwixt the olde worke and 
the new, sometime prepared as a serene to be set vp in the 
hall of the Duke of Somersets house at Strand, was bought 
for eight score pound, & set vp in the yeare 1557. One wilfull 
bodie began to spoyle and breake the same, in the | yeare 
1596. but was by the high Commissioners forced to make it 
vp againe, and so it restcth. lokn Vlsthorpe, William Euts- 
ham, lohtt Wigan, and other founded Chauntries there. 

The next is Salisburie Court, a place so called for that it 
belonged to the Bishops of Salisburie, and was their Inne, or 
London house at such time as they were summoned to come 
to the Parliament, or came for other businesse : it hath of late 
time beene the dwelling, first of sir Richard Sackuile, and now 
of sir Thomas Sackuile his sonne, Baron of Buckhurst, Lord 
Treasurer, who hath greatly enlarged it with stately buildings. 

Then is water lane running downe by the west side of 
a house called the Hanging sword, to the Thames- 

* wrought] Thorns ; brought 1603 



\ 
I 



The BisEiop w 
S. Dfluidi 



I 



The BUhot) ol 
Sitlisbnrie his 



46 Faringdon IVarde without 

i^hite Friers. Then was the white Friers church, called Fratres beaUe 

?^)^^" Jl/iirf> de manU Carmeli, first founded (saith lohn Bale) by sir 
Richard Gray knight, auncester to the Lord Gray (of) Cod- 
nor, in the yeare 1241. King Edward the first gaue to the 
Prior and brethren of that house a plot of ground in Fleete 
street, whereupon to build their house, which was since reedi- 
fied or new builded, by Hugh Courtney Earle of Deuonshire. 
About the yeare 1350. the 24* of Edward the third, lohn 
Lufken Maior of London, and the Comminaltie of the Citie, 

irokers lane, graunted a lane called Crockers lane, reaching from Fleete- 
streete to the Thames to builde in the West end of that 
Church. Sir Robert Knoles knight was a great builder there 
also, in the raigne of Richarde the second, and of Henry 
the fourth: hee deceased at his Mannor of Sculthorpe^ 
in Norffolke, in the yeare 1407. and was brought to London, 
and honorably buried by the Lady Constaiue his wife, in the 
bodie of the said White Friers Church, which he had newly 
builded. 

Robert Marshall * Bishop of Hereford, builded the Quire, 
Presbeterie, steeple, and many other partes, and was there 
buried, about the yeare 1420. There were buried also in the 
new Quire, sir lohn Mowbery Earle of Nottingham, 1398. sif 
Edwarde Cortney^ sir Hugh Mongomerie^ and sir lohn his 
brother, lohn WoUe^ sonne to sir lohn WoUe^ Thomas Bayholt^ 
Esquire, Elizabeth Countesse of A thole ^ Dame lohan wife to 
sir Thomas Say of Alden^ sir Pence Castle^ Baron, lohn Lord | 

^^ 400 Gray^ sonne to Regnald Lord Gray of Wilton^ 1418. sir lohn 
Ludlow knight, sir Richard Derois knight, Richarde Gray 
knight, lohn Ashley knight, Robert Bristow Esquire, Thomas 
Perry Esquire, Robert Tempest Esquire, William Call^ William 
Neddow. 

In the old Quire were buried, Danie Margaret^ &c. Elianor 
Gristles, sir lohn Browne knight, and lohn his sonne and 
heyre, Sir Simon de Berforde knight, Peter Wigus Esquire, 
Robert Mathew Esquire, Sir lohn Skargell knight. Sir lohn 
Norice knight. Sir Geffrey Roose knight, Mathew Hadocke 
Esquire, William Clarell Esquire, John Aprichard Esquire, 



* Sculthorpe] Scone Thorpe i6oj 
> Marshall] MascaU SttM^ Regii 



Registrum ; died 1416. 



Faringdon Warde without 47 

William Wentworth Esquire, Thomas Wicham Esquire, sir 
(^Robert) Terwit knight, sir Stephen Popham knight, Bastard 
de Scales^ Henrie Blunt Esquire, Elisabeth Blunt^ John Swan 
Esquire, Alice Foster one of the heyres of sir Stephen Popham^ 
sir Robert Brocket knight, lohn Drayton Esquire, lohn^ sonne 
to Robert Chanlowes^ and his daughter Katherine, lohn Saluin^ 
William Hampton, lohn Bampton^ lohn Winter, Edmond 
Oldhall^ William Appleyard, Thomas Dabby Esquires, sir 
Hugh Courtney knight, lohn Drury, sonne to Robert Drurie^ 
Elizabeth Gemersey gentlewoman, Sir Thomas Townsend 
knight, sir Richard Greene knight, William Scot Esquire, 
Thomcu Federinghey, /. Fulforde Esquire, Edwarde Eldsmere 
Gentleman, W. Hart Gentleman, Dame Mary Senclare, 
daughter to sir Thomas Talbot knight, Ancher Esquire, sir 
William Moris knight, and Dame Christian his wife, sir 
Peter de Mota knight, Richard Hewton Esquire, sir /. Heron 
knight^ Richard Eton Esquire, Hugh Stapleton Gentleman, 
William Copley Gentleman, sir Raph Saintowen knight, sir 
Hugh Bromeflete knight, Lord Vessey, principall founder of 
that order, the sixt of Edward the fourth, &c. 

This house was valued at 62.1i. 7.S. 3.d. and was surrendred 
the tenth of Nouember, the 30. of Henrie the eight. 

In place of this Friers Church be now many fayre houses 
builded, lodgings for Noble men and others. 

Then is the Sargeants Inne, so called, for that diuers Sarie mti Ina 
ludges and Sargeants at the law, keepe a Commons, and are ^ ^^■'wet 
lodged I there in Terme time. Pag^ 40' 

Next is the newe Temple, so called because the Templars, New temple, 
before the building of this house, had their Temple in Old- 
borne. This house was founded by the knights Templars in 
England, in the raigne of Henrie the second, and the same 
was dedicated to God and our blessed Ladie, by Heraclius, 
Patriarke of the church called the holy Resurrection in leru- 
salem^ in the yeare of Christ, 11 85. 

These knights Templars tooke their beginning about the Original of th 
}^eare iii8. in maner following. Certaine Noble men, horse- "^^^P^*^ 
men, religiously bent, bound by vow themselues in the handes 
of the Patriarke of lerusalem, to serue Christ after the manner 
of Regular Canons in chastitie and obedience, and to renounce 



48 Faringdon JVarde without 

their owne proper willes for euer : the first of which order 
were Hugh Paganus^ and Geffrey de 5. Andromare. And 
whereas at the first they had no certaine habitation, Baldwin 
king of lerusalem granted vnto them a dwelling place in his 
pallace by the Temple, and the Canons of the same Temple 
gaue them the streete thereby, to build therein their houses of 
office, and the Patriarke, the king, the Nobles and Prelates, 
gaue vnto them certaine reuenues out of their Lordships, 
ittiooof Their first profession was for safegarde of the Pilgrimes 
^™^ comming to visite the sepulchre, and to keepe the high wayes 
agaynst the lying in wayte of theeues, &c. About ten yeares 
after they had a rule appointed vnto them, and a white Habite, 
by Honorius the second then Pope, and whereas they had 
but nine in number, they began to encrease greatly. After- 
ward in Pope Eugenius time, they bare crosses of red cloth 
on their vppermost garments, to be knowne from others : and 
in short time because they had their first mansion hard by the 
Temple of our Lord in lerusalem^ they were called knights of 
the Temple. 

Many Noble men in all partes of Christendome became 

Brethren of this order, and builded for themselues Temples in 

euerie Citie or great Towne in England, but this at London 

was their chiefe house, which they builded after the forme of 

the temple nere to the sepulchre of our Lord at lerusalem : 

lew Parii. they had also other temples in Cambridge, Bristow, Canter- 

40a bury, Doner, Warwick.| This Temple in London was often 

made a storehouse of mens treasure, I meane such as feared 

the spoile thereof in other places. 

ertEarle Mathew Parts noteth that in the yeare 1232. Hubert de 

ue'inthe ^^^S^ Earle of Kent beeing prisoner in the Tower of London, 

Temple, the king was enformed that he had much Treasure layde vp 

in this new Temple, vnder the custodie of the Templars, 

whereupon hee sent for the Master of the Temple, and 

examined him straightly, who confessed that money being 

deliuered vnto him and his brethren to be kept, he knew not 

how much there was of it. The king demaunded to haue the 

same deliuered, but it was answered that the money being 

committed vnto their trust, could not be deliuered without 

the licence of him that committed it to Ecclesiastical pro- 



Faringdon IVarde without 49 

tection, wherevpon the king sent his Treasurer and lusticiar 
of the Exchequer vnto Hubert, to require him to resigne the 
money wholly into his hands, who answeared that he would 
gladly submit himselfe, and all his vnto the kings pleasure, 
and therevpon desired the knights of the Temple in his 
behalfe to present all the keyes vnto the king to doe his 
pleasure, with the goods which hee had commitedvnto them. 
Then the king commaunded the money to be faithfully told 
and layde vp in his Treasure, by Inuentory, wherein was 
found (besides ready money) vessels of gold, and siluer vn- 
prajrseable, and many precious stones which would make all 
men wonder, if they knew the worth of them. 

This Temple was againe dedicated 1 240. belike also newly 
reedified then. 

These Templars at this time were in so great glory, that 
they entertayned the Nobility, forraine Ambassadors, and the 
Prince himselfe, very often : insomuch that Mathew Paris Mathew Puis. 
crieth out on them for their pride, who being at the first so 
poore, as they had but one horse to seme two of them, 
(in token whereof they gaue in their Scale, two men riding Seale of the 
of one horse) yet sodainly they waxed so insolent, that "^^"P^*^ 
they disdayned other orders, and sorted themselues with 
Noblemen. 

King Edward the first in the yeare 1 263.^ taking with him 
Robert Waleran^ and other, came to the Temple, where calling Lib. Don- 
for the keeper of the Treasure house, as if he meant to see his *' 
mo|thers Jewels, that were layde vp there to be safely kept, Pag^ 40s 
hee entred into the house, breaking the Coffers of certaine 
persons that had likewise brought their money thither, and 
hee tooke away from thence to the value of a thousand pound. 

Many Parliaments and great Counsails haue beene there Parliament at 
kept, as may appeare by our histories. In the yeare 1308. all Temple. 
the Templars in England as also in other parts of Christen- 
dome were apprehended and committed to diuers prisons. In 
131a a prouinciall Counsell washolden at London against the 
Templars, in England, vpon herisie, and other Articles whereof 
they were accused, but denied all except one or two of them, 
notwithstanding they all did confesse that they could not 

* 1263] 1283 1603 ; marg. i6oj 30 Dunmow 



STOW. II 



50 Faringdon fVarde without 

purge themselves fully, as faultlesse, and so they were con- 
demned to perpetuall pennance, in seuerall Monasteries, where 
they behaued themselues modestly. 
The order of Phillip King of France procured their ouerthrow throughout 
^^^nmed ^^ whole world, and caused them to be condemned by a 
Templars generall Counsell, to his aduantage, as he thought, for he 
burned. beleeued to haue had all their lands in France, and therefore 

seazed the same in his handes, (as I haue reade) caused the 
Robert Fabian. Templars to the number of foure and fiftie, (or after Fabian 

threescore) to bee burned at Paris. 

Patent. EdwardaAti theyearei3i3.gaue vnto AimanU ValenceEaxlt 

The Templt of Pembrooke, the whole place and houses called the new Temple 

STvaloice!"^ at London, with the ground called Ficquetes Croft, and all the 

tenements and rentes with the appurtenances that belonged to 

the Templars in the City of London, and Suburbes thereof. 

After Aimer de Valence (sayeth some) Hugh Spencer vsurp- 

ing the same held it during his life, by whose death it came 

againe to the hands of Edwarde the third, but in the meane 

time, to wit, 1324. by a counsell holden at Vienna^^ the 

Temple ginen landes of the Templars (least the same should be put to 

Hospitalers of prophane vses) were giuen to the knightes Hospitelars of the 

S. lohn of order of Saint lohn Baptist^ called 5. lohn of lerusalenL which 

knights had put the Turkes out of the Isle of Rhodes^ and 

after wan vpon the sayd Turke dayly for a long time, | 

Page 404 The said Edward the third therefore sfranted the same to 

Patent a. E. 3, 

Close, 18. £. 3. the saide knights, who possessed it, and in the eighteenth 

yeare of the saide kinges raigne, were forced to repaire the 

Bridge of the saide Temple. These knights had their head 

house for England by west Smithfield, and they in the rafgne 

of the same Edward the third granted (for a certayne rent of 

X. pound by the yeare) the said Temple with the appurte- 

The Temple nances therevnto adioyning, to the students of the common 

SIndenu of the '^^^ ^^ England : in whose possession the same hath euer 

Uw and made sithence remained, and is now diuided into two houses of 

Court seuerall students, by the name of Innes of Court, to wit, the 

Inner Temple and the middle Temple, who kept two seuerall 

halles, but they resort all to the said Temple Church, in the 

Monuments in round walke whereof (which is the West part without the Quire) 

the empe. ^htxe remaineth monuments of Noblemen buried, to the 



Faringdon IVarde without 51 

number of 11. eight of them are Images of armed knights, imam of 
fiue lying crosse legged as men vowed to the holy land,^2f*i^^ 
against the infidels and vnbeleeuing lewes : the other three the came why. 
straight legged : the rest are coaped stones al of gray Marble : 
the first of die crosse l^ged was W. Marshall the elder Earle 
of Pembrooke, who dyed 1219. Wil. Marshall his sonne 
Earle of Pembrooke was the second, he died 1231. and Gilbert 
Marshall his brother, Earle of Pembrooke, slayne in a Tume- 
ment at Hertford, besides Ware, in the yeare 1241. 

After this Robert Rose^ otherwise called Fursan^ being 
made a Templar in the yeare 1245. dyed and was buried 
there, and these are all that I can remember to haue read of. 
Sir Nicholas Hare^ Maister of the Roles, was buried there in 
the yeare 1557. 

In the yeare 1381. the Rebelles of Essex, and of Kent, Recoides of 
destroyed and plucked downe the houses and lodgings of this J^^^^^a 
Temple, tooke out of the Church the bookes and Recordes imrnt. 
that were in Hutches, of the apprentizes of the law, carried 
them into the streetes, and brent them : the house they spoyled 
and brent for wrath, that they bare sir Robert Hales Lord 
Prior of S. lohns in Smithfield, but it was since againe at 
diuers times repaired, namely the gate house of the middle Gate home of 
Temple in the raigne of Henry the eight, by Sir Amias Paulet ^ bdl^. 
knight, vpon occasion, as in my Annales I haue shewed. The ^reat hall of 
great hall of the middle Temple was newly builded in the new bnilSed. 
yeare 1572. in the raigne of our Queene Elizabeth. \ 

This Temple Church hath a Maister, and foure Stipendiary page 40s 
Priestes, with a Clarke, these for the ministration of diuine Order for 
seruice there haue stipendes allowed vnto them, out of the in the Temple, 
possessions and reuenewes of the late Hospital! and house of 
S. lohns of lerusalem in England, as it had beene in the raigne 
oi Edward \iit sixt. And thus much for the said new Temple, 
the farthest west part of this Warde, and also of this Citie for 
the liberties thereof, which ward hath an Alderman, and his 
Deputies three. In Sepulchers parrish common Counsaile 
sixe, Constables foure, Scauengers foure, Wardemote inquest 
twelue: S. Bridgetes parrish, common Councellors eight, 
Constables eight, Scauengers eight, Wardmote inquest twentie. 
In Saint Andrewes^ common Councell two, Constables two, 

£ 2 



52 Faringdon warde without 

Scauengers three, Wardemote inquest twelue. It is taxed to 
the fifteene at thirty fiue pound one shilling. 



Bridge warde without, the 26. in number, . 

consisting of the Borough of Southwarke in the 

County of Surrey. 

idge Warde HAVING treated of Wardes in London, on the North side 
the Thames (in number 25.) I am now to crosse ouer the 
said Riuer into the Borough of Southwark, which is also 
a Warde of London, without the walles, on the South side 
thereof, as is Portsoken on the East, and Faringdon extra on 
the West. 

This Borough, being in the County of Surrey, consisteth of 
diuers streetes, wayes, and winding lanes, all full of buildings, 
inhabited : and first to b^n at the West part thereof, ouer 
against the west Suburbe of the Citie. 

On the banke of the Riuer Thames there is now a continuall 
building of tenements, about halfe a mile in length to the 
bridge. Then from the Bridge straight towardes the South 
a continuall streete, called long Southwarke^ builded on both 
sides with diuers | lanes and alleyes vp to S. Georges church, 
and beyond it through Blackman streete towardes New Town 
(or Newington) the liberties of which Borough extend almost 
to the parrish Church of New town aforesaid, distant one mile 
from London Bridge, and also southwest a continuall building, 
almost to Lambith, more then one mile from the said bridge. 

Then from the bridge along by the Thames Eastwarde, is 
saint Olaues street hauing continuall building on both the sides, 
with lanes and alleyes vp to Battle bridge, to Horsedowne, 
and towardes Rother hith : also some good halfe mile in length 
from London bridge. 

So that I account the whole continual buildings on the 
banke of the said riuer, from the west towardes the east, to be 
more then a large mile in leng^th. 

Then haue ye from the entering towards the said Horsedown 
one other continuall streete called Bermondes eye streete, 
which stretcheth south, likewise furnished with buildinges on 
both sides, almost halfe a mile in length, vp to the late dis- 



Borough of Southwarke 53 

solued Monasterie of S. Sauiour called Bermondsey. And 
from thence is one long lane (so called of the length) turning 
west to saint Georges church afore named. Out of the which 
lane mentioned, Long lane, breaketh one other streete towardes 
the south and by east, and this is called Kentish streete for 
that it is the way leading into that countrie : and so haue you 
the bounds of this Borough. 

The antiquities most notable in this Borough are these : An Abbey, 
first, for ecclesiasticall, there was Bermondsey, an Abbey of^^^^n^'g^^ 
Blacke Monkes, S. Mary Queries, a Priorie of Canons Regular, Ho«piuil. 
saint Thomas a colledge or HospitaU for the poore, & the Loke hoiue. 
a Lazar house in Kent street. Parish churches, there haue^*"^ 
been 6. wherof 5. do remaine, vz. S. Mary Magdalen in the 
priory of saint Mary Query, now the same S. Marie Query is 
the parrish Church for the said Mary Magdalen, and for 
S. Margaret on the hill, and is called S. Sauiour. 

S. Margaret on the hill being put downe, is now a Court 
for lustice. S. Thomas in the HospitaU serueth for a parrish 
church as afore. S. George a parrish church as before it did , 
so doth saint Qlaue, and saint Mary Magdalen by the Abbey 
of Bermondsey. | 

There be also these 5. prisons or Gaoles, p^gg ^oj 

The Clinke on the Banke. 

The Compter in the late parrish church of S. Margaret. 

The Marshalsey. 

The Kinges Bench. 

And the white Lyon, all in long Southwarke. 

Houses most notable be these. 

The Bishop of Winchesters house. 

The Bishop of Rochesters house. 

The Duke of SufTolks house, or Southwarke place. 

The Tabard an Hosterie or Inne. 

The Abbot of Hyde his house. 

The Prior of Lewes his house. 

The Abbot of saint Augustine his house. 

The Bridge house. 



54 Borough of Southwarke 

The Abbot of Battaile his house. 
Battaile bridge. 

The stewes on the Banke of Thames. 
And the Beare gardens there. 

TheBeare Now to retume to the West banke, there be two Beare 

gwacns. gardens, the olde and new places, wherein be kept Beares, 

Buls and other beastes to be bayted. As also Mastiues in 

seuerall kenels, nourished to baite them. These Beares and 

other Beasts are there bayted in plottes of ground, scaffolded 

about for the Beholders to stand safe. 

Liber mann- Next on this banke was sometime the Bordello or stewes^ 

TScStcwc on ^ place so called, of certaine stew houses priuiledged there, for 

the bank side, the repaire of incontinent men to the like women, of the which 

priuiledge I haue read thus. 

In a Parliament holden at Westminster the 8. of Henry the 
second, it was ordayned by the commons and confirmed by 
the king and Lords, that diuers constitutions for euer should 
bee kept within that Lordship or franchise, according to the 
olde customes that had been there vsed time out of mind. 
Amongest the which these following were some, vz.| 
Page 408 That no stewholder or his wife should let or staye any 

single Woman to goe and come freely at all times when they 
listed. 

No stewholder to keepe any woman to borde, but she to 
borde abroad at her pleasure. 

To take no more for the womans chamber in the weeke 
then foureteene pence. 

Not to keepe open his dores vpon the holydayes. 

Not to keepe any single woman in his house on the holy 
dayes, but the BaylifTe to see them voyded out of the 
Lordship. 

No single woman to be kept against her will that would 
leaue her sinne. 

No stewholder to receiue any Woman of religion, or any 
mans wife. 

No single woman to take money to lie with any man, but 
shee lie with him all night till the morrow. 

No man to be drawn or inticed into any stewhouse. 



and Bridge warde without 55 

The Constables, Baltfe, and others euery weeke to search 
euery stewhouse. 

No stewholder to keepe any woman that hath the perilous 
infirmitie of burning, nor to sell bread, ale, flesh, fish, wood, 
coale^ or any victuals, &c. 

These and many more orders were to be obserued vpon Lib. S. Marl 
great payne and punishment : I haue also scene diuers Patentes ^^™°^ 
of confirmation, namely one dated 1345. the nineteenth of 
Edwarde the third. Also I find that in the fourth of Richarde English 
the second, these stew houses, belonging to William Walworth ^^l^^ 
then Mayor of London, were farmed by Froes of Flaunders, be bftades. 
and spoyled by Walter Tighter, and other rebelles of Kent : ^S^ntL 
notwithstanding I finde that ordinances for the same place wexe womei 
and houses were againe confirmed in the raigne of Henry the purpose, 
sixt, to be continued as before. Also Robert Fabian writeth Robert Fabi 
that in the yeare 1506. the 21. of Henry the seuenth, the saide stewhontes 
stewe houses in Southwarke were for a season inhibited, and ?T**u*^Tr^- 
the dores closed vp, but it was not long saith he, ere the a time, 
houses there were set open againe, so many as were permitted, 
for (as it was said) whereas before were eighteene houses, from 
thenceforth were | appointed to bee vsed but twelue on^Xy. Page 409 
These allowed stewhouses had signes on their frontes, towardes Signes on tt 
the Thames, not hanged out, but painted on the walles, as a ^^ ^'"^^ 
Boares heade,the Crosse keyes,the Gunne,the Castle, the Crane, 
the Cardinals Hat, the Bel, the Swanne, &c. I haue heard 
ancient men of good credite report, that these single women Single womi 
were forbidden the rightes of the Church, so long as they ^jjj^^f^j 
continued that sinnefull life, and were excluded from christian church. 
buriall, if they were not reconciled before their death. And 
therefore there was a plot of ground, called the single womans 
churchyeard, appoynted for them, far from the parish church. 

In the yeare of Christ, 1546. the 37. oi Henry the eight, Stewhonscs 
this row of stewes in Southwarke was put downe by the kings ^* ^'^^' 
commandement, which was proclaymed by soundeof Trumpet, 
no more to be priuiledged, and vsed as a common Brothel, 
but the inhabitants of the same to keepe good and honest rule 
as in other places of this realme, &c 

The next is the Clinke, a Gayle or prison for the trespassers 
in those parts. Namely in olde time for such as should brabble, 



56 



Borough of Southwarke 



Winchester 
house. 



Rochester 
house. 

Page 410 



S.Mary 
Oaeriesa 
Priorie, and 
now a parish 
chnrch. 



Lib. Rofien. 
Lib. Ber. 
mondsey. 



frey, or breake the Peace on the saide banke, or in the Brothell 
houses, they were by the inhabitantes there about apprehended, 
and committed to this Gayle, where they were straightly 
imprisoned. 

Next is the Bishoppe of Winchesters house, or lodging when 
hee commeth to this Cittie : which house was first builded by 
William Gifford Bishoppe of Winchester, aboute the yeare 
1 107. the seuenth of Henry the first, vpon a plot of ground 
pertayning to the Prior of Bermondsey, as appeareth by a writ 
directed vnto the Barons of the Exchequer, in the yeare 1366. 
the 41. o{ Edward the 3. (the Bishops sea being voyde) for 
8.1. due to the Monks of Bermondsey, for the Bishop of 
Winchesters lodging in Southwarke. This is a very fayre 
house wel repayred, and hath a large Wharfe, and landing 
place called the Bishop of Winchesters staires. 

Adioyning to this on the south side thereof is the Bishoppe 
of Rochesters Inne or lodging, by whome first erected, I do 
not now remember me to haue read, but well I wot the same 
of long time | hath not beene frequented by any Bishoppe* 
and lyeth ruinous for lacke of reparations. Tlie Abbot of 
Wauerley had a House there. 

East from the Bishop of Winchesters house directly ouer 
against it, standeth a fayre church called saint Mary ouer the 
Rie, or Ouerie, that is ouer the water. This Church or some 
other in place thereof was of old time long before the con- 
quest an house of sisters founded by a mayden named Mary^ 
vnto the which house and sisters she left (as was left to her by 
her parents) the ouersight and profites of a Crosse ferrie or 
trauerse ferrie ouer the Thames, there kept before that any 
bridge was builded. This house of sisters was after by SwitheUy 
a noble Lady, conuerted vnto a coUedge of Priests, who in 
place of the Ferrie builded a bridge of timber, and from time 
to time kept the same in good reparations, but lastlie the same 
bridge was builded of stone, and then in the yeare 1106. was 
this church againe founded for Channons Regular, by William 
Pant de le Arche and William Dauncy, Knights Normans. 

William Gifford Bishop of Winchester, was a good bene- 
factor also, for he as some haue noted, builded the body of 
that church, in the yeare 1106. the seuenth of Henry the first. 



and Bridge warde without 57 

The Canons first entered the said church, then Algodus was 
the first Prior. 

King Henry the i. by his Charter gaue them the Church of 
5. Margaret in Southwarke. 

Kii^ Stephen confirmed the gift of king Henry, and also 
gaue the stone house, which was Williams de Pante le Arche 
by Down^[ate. 

This Priorie was burned about the yeare 1207. wherefore 
the Chanons did found an Hospital near vnto their Priory, s. Thomas 
where they celebrated vntill the Priory was repayred : which ^^* 
Hospitall was after by consent of Peter de la Roch Bishop of 
Winchester remoued into the land of Anicius Archdeacon of 
Surrey in the yeare 1228. a place where the water was more 
plentifull, and the ayre more holesome, and was dedicate to 
^. Thomas. 

This Peter de Rupibus, or de la Roch, founded a large P»n»^chnreh 
chapell of 5. Mary Magdalen in the said church of 5. Mary Magdalou 
Ouerie, I which Chappel was after appointed to be the parish P^ 4" 
church for the inhabitants neare adioyning. 

This church was againe newly builded in the raigne of 
Richard the second, and king H. the fourth. 

lohn Gower Esquier, a famous Poet, was then an especiall lohn Gower 
benefactor to that worke, and was there buried on the North J3Si"rluid?hc 
side of the said church, in the chappie of S. lohn, where hee anygarUndof 
founded a chauntrie, he lieth vnder a tombe of stone, with his bat a Chaplet 
image also of stone ouer him : The haire of his head abume, ^^^^ ^^'^ 
long to his sholders, but curling vp, and a small forked beard, 
on his head a chaplet, like a coronet of foure Roses, an habite 
of purple, damasked downe to his feet, a collar of Esses, gold 
about his necke, vnder his head the likenes of three bookes, 
which hee compiled. The first named Speculum Meditantis^ 
written in French : The second Vox clamantis penned in 
Latine : The third Confessio amantis written in English, and 
this last is printed, vox clamantis with his Cronica tripartita, 
and other both in latine and French neuer printed, I haue 
and doe possesse, but speculum meditantis I neuer saw, though 
heard thereof to be in Kent : beside on the wall where he 
lyeth, there was painted three virgins crowned, one of the 
which was named Charity, holding this deuise. 



58 Borough of Southwarke 

En toy qui es Fitz de dieu le fere^ 
Sauve soit^ qui gist souz cestpiere. 

The second writing Mercie, with this deuise. 

O bone lesufait ta mercie^ 
Al alme^ dont le corps gist icy. 

The third writing Pittie, with this deuice. 

Pur tapite lesu regarde^ 
Et met cest alme en sauve garde. 

His Armes a field argent, on a Cheueron azure, three Leo- 
pardes heads golde, their tongues gules, two Angels supportars, 
on the creast a Talbot His Epitaph. 

Armigeri scutum nihil amodofert sibi tutum^ 
Reddidit immo lutum morti generate tributum, 
Spiritus exutum se gaudeat esse solutum, \ 
Pagt 412 Est vbi virtutum regnum sine labe statutum. 

The roofe of the middle west He fell downe in the yeare 1469. 
This Priorie was surrendered to Henry the eight, the 31. of 
his raigne, the 27. of October, the yeare of Christ, 1539. 
valued at 604.1. 6.s. 6.d. by the yeare. 

About Christmas next following, the church of the said 

Priory was purchased of the king by the inhabitantes of the 

Prioiyofialiit Borough. Doctor Stephen Gardner Bishop of Winchester, 

nuudSap^h putting to his helping hand, they made thereof a parrish 

dunch. church, for the parish ^ of ^. Mary Magdalen^ on the south 

side of the said Quire, and of 5. Margaret on the hill, which 

were made one parish of S. Sauiour. 

There be monumentes in this church of Robert LiHardCy or 
Hiliarde Esquier, Margaret daughter to the Lady Audley 
wife to sir Thomas Audley^ William Greuill Elsquier, and 
Margaret his wife, one of the heyres of William Spershut 
Esquier, Dame Katherine wife to John Stoke Alderman, Robert 
Merfin Esquier, William Vndall Esquier, Lord Ospay Ferar^ 
Sir George Brewes Knight, lohn Browne^ Ladie Brandon wife 
to sir Thomas Brandon^ William Lord Scales^ William Earle 
Warren^ Dame Maude wife to Sir lohn Peachy Lewknor^ 
Dame Margaret Elrington^ one of the heires of sir Thomas 
Elrif^gton, lohn Bowden Esquier, Robert S. Magil^ lohn Sand- 

* parish] parish church 1603 



and Bridge wayde without 



59 



hurst, Ickn Gtnoer, lohn Duncell Marchant Taylor, 1516, John 
Sturtoft Esquier, Robert Rouse, Thomas Tong, first Norrey 
and after Clarentiaulx King of Armes. William Wickham 
translated from the sea of Lincolne to the Bishoprick of 
Winchester, in the moneth of March 1595. deceased the 11. of 
June next following, and was buried here. 

Thomas Cure Esquier, Sadler to King Edward the sixte, 
Quccne Mary and Queene Elizabeth, deceased the 24. of May, 
I588.> &c. 

Now passing through saint Mary Ouers Close, (in possession s. Miry Ouwi 
of the Lord Monntacute) and Pepper Alley into Long South- p^^J^ Alley. 
warke, on the right hand thereof, the Market hill, where the 
leather is solde, there stoode the late named parrish church of 
Saint I Margaret giuen to S. Mary Queries by Henry ^cPi'gf4ij 
first, put downe and ioyned with the parrish of Saint Mary 
Magdalen, and vnited to the late dissolued Priorie Church of 
saint Mary Query. 

A part of this parish church of S. Margaret is now a Court, S. M^mret 
wherein the Assizes and sessions be kept, and the court of ^J^% J^„rt 
Admiralty is also there kept. One other part of the same ofiuaice. 
church is now a prison called the Compter in Southwarke, &c. Admimliy. 
Farther vp on that side, almost directly ouer against Saint Compter in 
Georges church, was sometime a lai^e and most sumptuous 
house, builded by Charles Brandoit late Duke of Suffolk, in 
the raign of Henry the eight, which was called Suffolke house, SufFolk Iioqk. 
but comming afterwardes into the Kingcs hands, the same was 
called Southwarke place, and a mint of coynagc was there A mini in 
kept for the King. ^""" 

To this place came king Edward the sixte, in the second of 
his raigne, from Hampton court, and dined in it. He at that 
time made lohn Vorke one of the shiriifes of London knight, 
and then rode through the Citty to Westminster. 

Queene Mary gaue this house to Nicholas He(^a)th Arch- 
bishop of Yorke, and to his successors for euer, to be their 
Inne or lodging for their repaire to London, in recompence of 
Yorke house neare to Westminster, which King Henry her 
Father had taken from Cardinall Wolsey, and from the sea of 
Yorke. 

' is88] 1598 /fioj; bul V, epitaph in i6jj 



6o Borough of Southwarke 

Archbishop Heth solde the same house to a Marchant, or 
to Marchantes, that pulled it downe, solde the leade, stone, 
iron, &c. And in place thereof builded many small cott2^;es 
of great rents to the encreasing of beggers in that Borough. 
The Archbishoppe bought Norwich house, or Suflfolke place, 
neare vnto Charing Crosse, because it was neare vnto the 
Court, and left it to his successors. Now on the south side, to 
return backe againe towards the bridge. Ouer against this 
Parish church Sufiblke place, is the parrish church of S. tr^^;^^, sometime 
ofS.Geoi]Ke. pertayning to the Priorie of Barmondsey, by the gift of 
Tkemas Ardeme and Thomas his sonne, in the yeare \\%%. 
There lie buried in this Church William Kirton Esquire^ and 
his wiues, 1464. 

Then is the white Lion, a Gaole so called, for that the 
Page 414 same | was a common hosterie for the receit of trauellers by 
^liite Lyoo a that signe : This house was first vsed as a Gaole within these 
Surrey. ^^ fortie yeares last, since the which time the prisoners were once 
remoued thence to an house inNewtowne,^wherethey remayned 
for a short time and were returned backe againe to the fore- 
said White Lion, there to remayne as in the appointed Gaole 
for the countie of Surrey. 
Kinges Bench. Next is the Gaole or prison of the kinges Bench, but of 
what antiquitie the same is I know not. For I haue read 
that the courts of the Kinges Bench and Chauncery haue oft 
times beene remoued from London to other places, and so 
hath likewise the Gayles that seme those Courts, as in the 
yeare 1304. Edwarde the first commaunded the Courts of 
the kinges Bench and the Exchequer which had remayned 
seuen yeares at Yorke, to bee remoued to their old places at 
London. And in the yeare 1387. the 11. di Richard the 2. 
Robert Trisilian chiefe lustice came to the city of Couentrie, 
II. Knighton, and there sate by the space of a moneth, as lustice of the 
Kinges Benche, and caused to be indited in that Court, about 
the number of two thousand persons of that Country, &c. 

It seemeth therefore, that for that time, the prison or Gayle 
of that court was not farre off. Also in the yeare 1392. the 
sixteenth of the same Richard, the Archbishop of Yorke being 
Lord Chauncelor, for good wil that he bare to his City, caused 

* Newington: cf.p.52 



and Bridge warde without 6i 

the kings Bench and chauncery to be remoued from London 
to Yorke, but ere long they were returned to London. 

Then is the Marshalsey, an other gayle or prison, so called BCanhakey 
as perta)ming to the Marshalles of England. Of what con- Sonthwarke 
tinuance kept in Southwarke I haue not learned : but like it 
is, that the same hath beene remoueaUe, at the pleasure of 
the Marshalles : for I finde that in the yeare 1376,. the fiftieth 
of Edwarde the third, Henry Percie (beeing Marshall) kept 
his prisoners in the Citie of London, where hauing committed 
one lohn Prendergast^ of Norwich, contrarie to the liberties of 
the City of London, the Citizens, by perswasion of the Lord 
Fitswalter theyr Standard-bearer, took Armour and ranne 
with great rage to the Marshalles Inne, brake vp the gates, 
brought out the prisoner, & conueyed him away, minding to 
haue brent the stocks in the middest of their citty, but they 
first sought for sir Henry Percy to haue | punished him, as Pa^ 41J 
I haue noted in my Annales. 

More, about the Feast of Easter next following, lohn Duke 
of Lancaster, hauing caused all the whole Nauie of England 
to be gathered together at London: It chanced a certaine 
Esquier to kill one of the shipmen, which act the other ship- 
men taking in ill part, they brought their sute into the kings 
court of the Marshalsey which then as chaunced (sa)^ mine 
Author) was kept in Southwarke : but when they perce3med 
that Court to be so fauourable to the murtherer, and further 
that the kinges warrant was also gotten for his pardon, they 
in greate fury ranne to the house, wherein the murtherer was 
imprisoned, brake into it, and brought forth the prisoner with Saylen bnUi 
his Giues on his legges, they thrust a knife to his heart, and ^is^. ^' 
sticked him, as if hee had beene a Hogge, after this they tyed 
a roape to his Giues, and drewe him to the gallowes, where 
when they had hanged him, as though they had done a great 
act, they caused the trumpets to be sounded before them to 
theyr ships^ and there in great triumph they spent the rest of 
the day. 

Also the rebels of Kent, in the yeare 1381. brake downe the Rebels of 
houses of the Marshalsey, and Kinges Bench in Southwarke, J^J^^"*^ 
tooke from thence the prisoners, brake downe the house of sir MaxBhalsey. 
John Imworth^ then Marshall of the Marshalsey, and Kings 



62 Borough of Southwarke 

Bench, &c After this in the yeare 1387. the eleuenth of 
Richard the second, the morrow after Bartholomew day, the 
king kept a great Councell in the Castle of Nottingham, and 
the Marshalsey of the king was then kept at Lughborrow by 
the space of sixe dayes or more. In the year 1443. sir Walter 
Man{n)y was Marshal of the Marshalsey, the %%. oi Henry the 
sixt. William Brandon^ Esquire, was Marshall in the eight 
of E. the 4. In the yeare 1504 the prisoners of the Marshal- 
sey, then in Southwarke, brake out, & many of them being 
taken, were executed, especially such as had beene committed 
for Felony or treason. 

From thence towards London bridge on the same side, be 

many fayre Innes, for receipt of trauellers, by these signes, 

the Spurre, Christopher, Bull, Queenes head, Tabarde, Geoi^e, 

rheTabazde Hart, Kinges Head, &c Amongst the which, the most 

n Sonthwirk. ^xLT^josoit IS the Tabard, so called of the signe, which as we 

Pagt 416 now tearme it, | is of a lacquit, or sleeuelesse coat, whole 

before, open on both sides, with a square coller, winged at the 

shoulders : a stately garment of old time, commonly wome of 

Noble men and others, both at home and abroad in the 

warres, but then (to wit in the warres) their Armes em- 

brodered, or otherwise depict vpon them, that euery man by 

his coate of Armes might be knowne from others : but now 

these Tabardes are onely wome by the Heraulds, and be 

called their coates of Armes in seruice : for the Inne of the 

3cflF. Chancer. Tabard, Geffrey Chaucer Esquire, the most famous Poet of 

England, in commendation thereof writeth thus. 

// befell in that season^ on a day^ 

In Southwarke at the Tabert^ as I lay^ 

Readie to wend{en) on my Pilgrimage^ 

To Canterburie with full deuout courage^ 

That night was comen into the Hosterie, 

Well nine and twentie in a companies 

Of sundrie folke^ by aduenture yfall 

In fellowship^ and PUgrimes were they all^ 

That toward Canterburie waulden ride^ 

The stables and {the) chambers weren wide^ 

And well we were{n) eased at the best^ &c. 



and Bridge warde without 63 

Within this Inne was also the lodging of the Abbot of The Abbot of 
Hide, (by the Citie of Winchester) a faire house for him and lodHng. 
his traine, when he came to the Citie to Parliament, &c. 

And then Theeues lane by S. Thonuis Hospitall : the hos- Hoidltall of 
pitall of Saint Thomas, first founded by Richard Prior of^*'"'^ 
Bermondsey, in the Selerers ground agaynst the wall of the 
Monasterie, in the yeare 121 3. He named it the Almerie, or 
house of Almes for conuarts and poore children, for the which 
ground the Prior ordained that the Almoner should pay ten 
shillings foure pence yearely to the Selerer at Michaelmas. 

But Peter de Rupibus^ Bishop of Winchester, in the ]^eare Ub. S. Bfariae 
iai5 founded the same againe more fully for Canons Regular, 1^?%;^,^ 
in place of the first hospitall : he increased the rent thereof to Hoipitan the 
three hundred fortie foure pound by the yeare : thus was this fo^^lded. 
Hospitall I holden of the Prior and Abbot of Bermondsey, t;ill Pog^ 4'7 
the yeare 1428, at which time a composition was made 
between Thomas Thetford^ Abbot of Bermondsey, and Nicho- 
las Bucklandy master of the sayde Hospitall of Saint Thomas^ 
for all the landes and Tenements which were holden of the 
sayde Abbot and Couent in Southwarke, or elsewhere, for the 
olde Rent to bee payd vnto the said Abbot. 

There be the Monuments in this Hospitall Church, of sir 
Robert Chamber Knight, William Fines Lord Say, Richarde 
Chaucer ^ John Gloucester , Adam Atwoad, lohn Ward, Michaell 
Cambridge, William West, John Golding Esquires, John Ben* 
ham, George Kirkes, Thomas Knighton, Thomas Baker Gentle- 
men, Robert sonne to Sir Thomas Fleming, Agnes wife to Sir 
Walter Dennis knight, daughter and one of the heyres of Sir 
Robert Danuars, John Euarey Gentleman, &c. 

This Hospitall was by the visitors, in the yeare 1538. valued 
at %66 pound seuenteene shillings sixe pence, and was sur- 
rendered to Henrie the eight, in the thirtieth of his raigne. 

In the yeare 155a the Citizens of London, hauing purchased The3.foniida- 
the voyde suppressed Hospitall of Saint Thomas in South- 'n!^^ Hot- 
warke, in the Moneth of luly, began the reparations thereof, Ej^^ ^T ^« 
for poore, impotent, lame, and diseased people, so that in the Loodon. 
Moneth of Nouember next following, the sicke and poo^e^J^^^^^ 
people were taken in. And in the yeare 1553. on the tenth gitia of 
of Aprill, King Edward the sixt, in the seuenth of his ra^e, inSooUiwMk. 



64 Borough of Southwarke 

gaue to the Maior, Comminaltie, and Citizens of London, to 
bee a workehouse for the poore and idle persons of the Citie, 
his house of Bridewell, and seauen hundred Markes landes of 
the Sauoy rentes, which Hospitall hee had impressed, with all 
the beddes, bedding, and other furniture belonging to the 
same, towards the maintenance of the said workehouse of 
Bridewell, and of this Hospitall of Saint Thomas in South- 
warke. This gift, the King confirmed by his Charter, dated 
the twentie sixe of lune, next following, and willed it to be 
called the Kings Hospitall in Southwarke. 
The Church of this Hospitall, which of olde time serued for 

Pagf 4tS the I tenements neare adioyning and pertaining to the saide 

8. TImmus Hospitall, remaineth as a Parish Church. 

Pirifli dmrcb. ^^ . ^ • • t^ « 

S Olmtff But now to come to samt Olaues street: on the Banke 

ni]Mi*dbiiich ^ *^ "**^ ^^ Thames, is the parish church of saint Olaue, 
' a faire and meetely large Church, but a farre larger Parrish, 



especially of Aliens or straungers, and poore people : in which 

Church, there Iteth intombed sir lohn Burcettur knight 1466. 

Ouer against this Parish church, on the south side the 

street, was sometime one great house builded of stone^ with 

Prior of arched gates, (which) pertained to the Prior of Lewes in 

Jf'^J^ Sussex, and was his lodging when he came to London : it is 

now a common Hosterie for trauellers, and hath to signe the 

Walnut tree. 

Then East from the said Parish Church of saint Olaue is 

a Key. In the ycare 1330, by the licence of Sinum Swanhnd 

Maior of London, (it was) builded (by) Isabell widow to 

Abbot of Hamand Goodchepe. And next therevnto was then a great 

j^2?***^ house of stone and tymber, belonging to the Abbot of saint 

Augustine without the walles of Canterburie, which was an 

aundent peece of worke, and seemeth to be one of the first 

builded houses on that side the riuer, ouer against the dtie : 

It was called the Abbots Inne of saint Augustine in South- 

WiL Thome, warke, and was somtime holden of the Earles of Warren and 

Surrey, as appeareth by a deede, made 1281. which I haue 

read, and may be Englished thus : 

To all to whome this present writing shall come^ John earle 
Warren sendeth greeting. Know ye that wee haue altogither 
remised and quiteclaimed for vs and our heires for euer, to 



and Bridge warde without 65 

Nicholas Abbot of saint Augustines of Canterburie^ and the 
Couent of the same^ and their successors^ suite to otir court of 
Soutkwarke^ which they owe vnto vs^for al that Messuage and 
houses theron builded^ and all their appurtenances^ which they 
haue of our fee in Southwarke, scituate vpon the Thames^ 
between the Bridge house and church of saint Olaue. And the 
said Messuage^ with the buildings thereon builded^ and all their 
appurtenances to them and their successors^ we haue granted 
in perpetuall almes to hold of vs, and our heyres for the same : 
sauing the seruice due to any other persons^ if any such bee^ 
then to vs: and for this remit and graunt^ the sayde abbot ctftd 
Couent haue giuen vnto vs fiue shillings of rent \ yearly in Pagt 419 
Southwarke^ and haue receiued vs and our heires in al bene- 
fices which shall be in their church for euer. This sute of 
court, one William Graspeis was bound to do to the said Earle, 
for the said Messuage : and heretofore to acquit in all things 
the church of S. Augustine^ against the said Earle. 

This house of late time belonged to sir Anthony Sentlegar^ Sentlegtr- 
then to Warham SentUgar^ &c. And is now called Sentlegar ^^"^ 
house^ but diuided into sundrie tenements. Next is the 
Bridgehouse, so called as being a storehouse for stone, timber, The Bridge 
or whatsoeuer pertaining to the building or repairing of London **• 
bridge. 

This house seemeth to haue taken beginning with the first 
founding of the bridge either of stone or timber : it is a large 
plot of ground, on the banke of the riuer Thames : containing 
diuers large buildings, for stowage of things necessary towards 
reparation of the said bridge. 

There are also diuers Garners, for laying vp of Wheate, and Gamcn for 
other Grayners for seruice of the Citie, as neede requireth. Bridge"hoiis 
Moreouer, there be certaine Ouens builded, in number tenne : 2??* ^ ^* 

Bridge hoQS 

of which sixe be very large, the other foure being but halfe so 
bigge. These were purposely made to bake out the bread 
come of the sayd Grayners, to the best aduantage for reliefe 
of the poore Citizens, when neede should require. Sir John 
Throstone knight, sometime an Embrotheror, then a Gold- 
smith, one of the ShirifTes 15 16. gaue by his Testament 
towardes the making of these Ouens two hundreth poundes : 
which thing was performed by his Executors, Sir lohn Munday 

•TOW. ir. F 



66 Borough of Southwarke 

A Brew home Goldsmith then being Mayor. There was of late, for the 

Brid^houM! c>^larging of the said Bridge house, taken in an old Brew- 
house, called Goldings, which was giuen to the City by 
George Monox, sometime Mayor, and in place thereof, is now 
a faire Brew-house new builded, for seruice of the Cittie with 
Beere. 

Abbot of Next, was the Abbot of Battailes Inne, betwixt the 

inne. ^ ^' Bridge-house and Battaile bridge, likewise on the banke of 
the Riuer of Thames: the walkes and gardens therevnto 
appertaining, on the other side of the way> before the gate 
of the said house, and was called the Maze : there is now an 
Inne, called the Flower de Luce, for that the signe is three 

Page 420 Flower de Luces. Much other buildings | of small tenements 
are thereon builded, replenished with strangers and other, for 
the most part poore people. 

Battle bridge. Then is Battaile bridge, so called of Battaile Abbey, for that 
it standeth on the ground, and ouer a water course (flowing 
out of Thames) perta)ming to that Abbey, and was therefore 
both builded and repaired by the Abbots of that house, as 
being hard adioyning to the Abbots lodging. 

Bennondiey Beyond this bridge is Bermondsey street, turning South, in 
the South end whereof was sometime a Priory, or Abbey, of 
saint Sauior^ called Bermonds Eye in Suthwarke, founded by 
Alzvin Childe^ a Citizen of London, in the yeare 1081. 

Peter^ Richard^ ObsUrt^ and VmbcUde, Monkes de Charitate^ 
came vnto Bermondsey ^ in the yeare 1089, and Peter was 
made first Prior there, by appointment of the Pryor of the 
house called Charity in France : by which meanes, this Priory 
of Bermondsey (beii^ a Cell to that in France) was accounted 
a Priory of Aliens. 

In the yeare 1094. deceased Alwin Childe founder of this 
house. Then William Rufus gaue to the Monkes his mannor 
of Bermondsey ^ with the appurtenances, and builded for them 
there a new great Church. 

Robert Blewet^ Bishop of Lincolne (king Williams Chan- 
celor) gaue them the mannor of Charlton, with the appurten- 
ances. Also Geffrey Martell, by the graunt of Geffrey 
MagnauiUy gaue them the land of Halingbury, and the tithe 
of Alferton, &c. 



and Bridge warde without 67 

More, in the yeare 1 122. Thomas of Ardeme and Thomas his 
Sonne gaue to the Monkes of Bermonds Eye the Church of 
saint George in Southwarke, &c. 

In the yeare 1 165. King Henry the second confirmed to Hide of South 
them the hyde or territory of South warke, & Laygham Wadden, ManScoTof * 
with the land of Coleman, &c. Bcrmondsey. 

In the yeare 1371. the Prior(ie)8 of Aliens throughout 
England being seized into the kings hands, Richard Denioti^ 
an Ei^lish man, was made Prior of Bermondsey : to whome 
was committed the custody of the said Priory, by the letters 
patents of king Edward the third, sauing to the king the 
aduowsons of Churches. 

In the yeare 1380. the fourth of Richard the second, this Pagi42i 
priory was made a Denison (or free English) for the fine of Bermonds Eye 
aoo. Markes, paid to the Kings Hanaper in the Chauncery. ™bbey.'' 
In the yeare 1399. John Attelborough Prior of Bermondsey 
was made the first Abbot of that house by Pope Boniface the 
ninth, at the sute of king Richard the second. 

In the yeare 14 17. Thomas Thetford Abbot of Bermondsey, Abbot of 
held a Plea in Chauncery against the king, for the Mannors ^^pi^**^ 
of Preston^ Bermondsey^ and Stone ^ in the county of Summer- apdnst the 
set, in the which sute the Abbot preuailed and recouered pie^M. 
against the king. 

In the yeare 1539. this Abbey was valued to dispend by the 
yeare, foure hundred seuenty foure pound, fourteene shillings 
foure pence halfe penny, and was surrendred to Henry the 
eight, the 31. of his raigne : the Abbey church was then pulled 
downe by sir Thomas Pope knight, and in place thereof, 
a goodly house builded of stone and timber, now pertayning 
to the Earles of Sussex. 

There are buried in that church LeofstanCy Pronost^ shriue lohn Bauow. 
or Domes man of London 11 15. Sir William Bowes knight, 
and Dame Elizabeth his wife. Sir Tho. Pikeworth knight. 
Dame Anne Audleyi George sonne to lohn Lord Audley^ 
lo. Winkefield Esquier. Sir Nicholas Blanket knight. Dame 
Bridget wife to William Trussell^ Holgraue Baron of the 
Exchequer, &c. 

Next vnto this Abbey church, standeth a proper Church of Parish church 
saint Mary Magdalen^ builded by the priors of Bermondsey, Magdalen.*^ 

F 2 



68 



Borough of Southwarke 



TheLokea 
Lazer house in 
Kent streete. 



Liberties of 
Southwarke, 
farmed by 
Citizens of 
London. 



Page 422 



Liberties of 
Southwarke 
purchased. 



TheLord- 
ship and 
Mannor of 
South wark 
pertaining to 
the Monastery 
of Bermond- 
sey. 



The Kings 
Mannor, 
Borough of 
Southwarke. 



seruing for resort of the inhabitants, (tenants to the prior or 
Abbots neare adioyning) there to haue their diuine seruice: 
this Church remayneth and serueth as afore, and is called 
a parish church. 

Then in Kent streete is a Lazer house, for Leprous people : 
called the Loke in Southwarke: the foundation whereof 
I find not. Now hauing touched diuers principall parts of 
this Borough, I am to speake somewhat of gouemment, and 
so to end. 

This Borough vpon petition made by the Citizens of London, 
to E. the third ^ in the first yeare of his raigne, was, for diuers 
causes, by Parliament granted to them for euer, yeelding into 
the Exchequer the Fee firme of 10. H. by the yeare: which 
grant was confirmed by E. the 3. who in the 3 of his raigne, 
gaue them license to | take a tole towards the charge of pauing 
the said Borough with stone. H. the 4. confirmed the grant 
of his predecessors : so did E, the 4. &c. 

But in the yeare 1550. King Edward the 6. for the summe 
of 647. pound two shillings and one penny, payd into his 
Court of Augmentations, and reuenewes of his Crowne, 
graunted to the Mayor and Comminalty, all his lands and 
tenements in Southwarke, except and reserued the capitall 
Messuage, two mansions called Southwarke place, late the 
Duke of SuffolkeSy and all the gardens and lands to the same 
appertaining : the Parke and the Messuage called the Antilope. 
Moreouer, he gaue them the Lordship and Mannor of South- 
warke, with all members & rights thereof, late pertaynii^ to 
the Monastery of Bermondsey. And all messuages, places, 
buildings, rents, Courts, Wailes and streyes, to the same 
appertaining, in the County of Surrey, except as is before 
excepted. He also granted vnto them, his Manor & borough 
of Southwarke, with all the members, rights & appurtenances, 
late of the possession of the Archbishop of Canterbury & his 
sea in Southwarke. Moreover for the summe of 500. marks, 
he granted to the said Maior & Comminalty, and their sue* 
cessors, in & through the borough and towne of Southwarke : 
and in al the parishes of S. Sauior^ S. Olaue^ and saint George^ 



third] first i(k>2 



and Bridge warde without 69 

and the parish of saint Tho. Hospital!, now called the kings 
Hospitall: and elsewhere in the said towne and Borough of 
Southwarke, and Kentish streete, Bermondsey street, in the 
parish of Newington, all waifes and streyes, treasure troue, 
aU fellons goods, &c. within the parishes and precinct afore- 
said, &c. The returne of writs, processes, and warrants, &c. 
together with a fayre in the whole towne, for three dayes : Faire in 
to wit, the 7. 8. and 9. of September, yearely, with a Court of ^"*^'^"^^' 
Pye powders : A view of Franke pledge, with attachments, 
arrests, &c. Also to arrest all fellons, and other malefactors, 
within their precinct, and send them to Ward, and to Newgate. 
Prouided that nothing in that graunt should be preiudiciall to 
the Steward and Marshall of the Kinges house. The same 
premisses to be holden of the Mannor of East Greenwich, in 
the County of Kent, by fealty in free socage. Dated at 
Westminster the 93. day of April, in the 4. of his raigne. All 
which was also confirmed by Parliament, &c. And the same 
yeare | in the Whitson weeke, in a Court of Aldermen kept at Page 42s 
the Guildhall of London, sir lohn Aylophe knight was swome Fim Aider- 
thc first Alderman of the Bridge ward without, and made vp ^thwark. 
the number of 26. Aldermen of London. Boroagh of 

This Borough, at a subsidy to the king, yeeldeth about 1000. one of the ^ 
Marks, or Soo.li. which is more then any one Cittie in England J^"?* ®^ 
paieth, except the City of London. And also the Muster of Muster of 
men in this Borough doth likewise in number surpasse all S!J[lhwark 
other cities, except London. And thus much for the Borough 
of Southwark : one of the 26. wards of London, which hath 
an Alderman, Deputies 3. and a Bayliile. Common Councell 
none. Constables 16. Scauingers 6. Wardmote inquest 20. 
And is taxed to the fifteene at i7.1i. 17.S. 8.d. 



The Suburbes without the Walles of the said 

Citie, briefely touched. As also without the Liberties, 

more at lai^e described. 

PIaUING spoken of this citie, the originall, & increase, by 
degrees. The Walles, Gates, Ditch, Castles, Towers, Bridges, 
the Schools and houses of learning. Of the orders and 



70 The Suburbes without the IValles 

customes, sports and pastimes. Of the honour of Citizens, 

and worthines of men. And last of all, how the same Citie is 

diuided into parts & Wards. And how the same be bounded. 

And what Monuments of antiquity, or ornaments of buildir^, 

be in euery of them, as also in the Borough of Southwarke : 

I am next to speake briefly of the Suburbs, as wel without the 

gates, & wals, as without the liberties. And of the monuments 

in them. 

Fitz Stephen. Concerning the estate of the Suburbs of this Citie, in the 

raigne of H. the 2. Fitz Stephen hath these words. Vpwards 

on the west (saith he) is the kings Palltue^ which is an in* 

comparable buildings rising with a vawmure & bulwark. Aloft 

vpon tlie riuer^ 2 miles from the wall of the city^ but yet 

Page 424 conioyned with a con\tinuall Suburb. On all sides^ without 

tfte houses of the Suburbs ^ are the citizens gardens & orchards y 

planted with trees^ both large^ sightly^ & adioyning togither. 

On the north side, are pastures, & plain medows, with brooks 

running through them, turning water mils^ with a pleasant 

noise. Not far off^ is a great forrest, a well wooded chase ^ 

hauing good couert for Harts, Buckes, Does, Boores & wild 

Bulks. The come fields are not of a hungry sandie mould, 

but as the fruitfull fields of Asia : yeelding plentifull encrease, 

& filling the barnes with corne. There are near London on 

the north side^ espedall welles in the Suburbes, sweet, holesome, 

and clear e. Amongst which, Holywell, Clarkenwell, and saint 

Clemons well, are most famous, & most frequented by schollers 

& youthes of the City in summer eueftings, when they walke 

Liber Albus. forth to take the aire. Thus farre out of Fits Stephen, for the 

Suburbs at that time. The %. of H. the 3. the Forest of 

Midlesex and the Warren of Stanes were disaforested : since 

the which time, the suburbs about London hath bin also 

Saburbewith- mightily increased with buildings: for first, to begin in the 

oat the East, by the Tower of London, is the Hospitall of saint 

the Tower of Katheren, founded by Matilde the Queene, wife to King 

Londoo. Stephen, as is afore shewed in Portsoken ward, from this 

wappuig in ** 

the woze. precinct of S. Katheren to Wapping in the Woze \ the vsuall 
place of execution for hanging of Pirats & sea Rouers, at the 

* Woze] 1598 \ West, 1603 



The Suburbes without the IValles 71 

low water marke there to remaine, till three tides had ouer- 
flowed them, was neuer a house standing within these 40 
yeares: but since the gallowes being after remooued farther off, 
a continuall streete, or filthy straight passage, with AUeyes 
of small tenements or cottages builded, inhabited by saylors 
victualers, along by the riuer of Thames, almost to RadcUff^ 
a good mile from the Tower. On the east «de, and by north 
of the tower, lieth East Smithfield, Hogs streete, and tower 
hill, and east from them both was the new abbey called Grace, 
founded by E. the 3. From thence Radcliffe, vp East smith- 
field, by Nightingall lane (which runneth south to the Hermit- Nightingall 
age, a Brewhouse so called of an Hermite sometime being Hermiuge. 
there) beyond this lane to the Mannor of Brantley (called in ^«t smiUi. 
record of R. the 2. Villa east smithfield, & Villa de Brantley) Bnunley. 
and to the Mannor of Shadwell, beloi^ing to the Deane of ^''^'^*'"- 
Pauls y there hath been of late, in place of Elme trees many 
small tenements | raysed, towards Radcliffe : And Radcliffe it Page 42$ 
selfe hath beene also encreased in building eastward (in place 
where I haue knowne a large high way, with fayre Elme trees 
on both sides) that the same hath now taken hold of Lime Lime hurst. 
Hurst, Lime Host, corruptly called Lime house, sometime 
distant a mile from Radcliffe. Hauing said this much for 
building, at Wapping, East Smithfield, Bramley and Shad- 
well, all on the south side of the high way to Radcliff : now 
one note on the North side, also concerning pirates. I reade 
that in the yeare 1440. in the lent season, certaine persons 
with 6. ships brought from beyond the seas fish to victuaile 
the city of London, which fish when they had deliuered, and 
were returning homeward, a number of sea theeues, in a barge, 
in the night came vpon them, when they were a sleep in their 
vessels, riding at anker on the riuer Thames, and slew them, 
cut their throates, cast them ouer boord, tooke their money, 
and drowned their ships for that no man should espie or accuse 
them. Two of these theeues were after taken, and hanged in 
chaynes vpon a gollowes set vpon a raysed hill, for that 
purpose made, in the field beyond East Smithfield, so that 
they might be seene farre into the riuer Thames. The first Free ichoole 
building at Ratcliffe in my youth (not to be forgotten) was homes at^ 
a fayre free scboole, and Almes houses, founded by Auice R*dciiffe. 



72 



The Suburbes witfwut the WdUes 



Tower hill 
vrithont the 
walles. 



Subnrbe with 
ont Aldegmte. 



Page 426 



Of white 
chmppell. 



S. Marv 
Matfellon. 
A denoat 
widow roar- 
deied. 



Gibson^ wife to Ni. Gibson Grocer, as before I baue noted. 
But of late yeares ship-wrights and (for the most part) other 
marine men, haue builded many large and strong houses for 
themselues, and smaller for Saylers, from thence almost to 
Poplar, and so to Blake waL Now for Tower hil, the plaine 
there is likewise greatly diminished by Merchants, for building 
of small tenements: from thence towaitls Aldgate was the 
Mineries, whereof I haue spoken. 

From Aldegate east, againe lieth a large street, replenished 
with buildings, to wit on the north side, the parish church of 
5*. Botiolph^ and so other buildings to Hog lane, & to the 
barres on both sides. 

Also without the barres, both the sides of the streete bee 
pestered with Cottages, and Allies, euen vp to White chappel 
church : and almost halfe a mile beyond it, into the common 
field : all which ought to lye open & free for all men. But 
this common field, I say, being sometime the beauty of this 
City on that part, is so incroched vpon by building of filthy 
Cottages, and with other purprestures, | inclosures and Lay- 
stalles (notwithstanding all proclaimations and Acts of Parlia- 
ment made to the contrary) that in some places it scarce 
remaineth a sufficient high way for the meeting of Carriages 
and droues of Cattell, much lesse is there any faire, pleasant 
or wholsome way for people to walke on foot : which is no 
small blemish to so famous a city, to haue so vnsauery and 
vnseemly an entry or passage thereunto. 

Now of white Chappell church somwhat, and then backe 
againe to Aldegate. This church is as it were a chappel of 
ease to the parrish of Subinhith^ & the Parson of Subinhith 
hath the gift thereof : which being first dedicated to the name 
of God, and the blessed Virgin, is now called S. Mary Mat^ 
feUan. About the year 1428 the 6. of King H, the 6. a deuout 
widow of that parish had long time cherished, and brought vp 
of Almes, a certayne Frenchman or Briton borne, which most 
vnkindly and cruelly in a night murthered the said widow 
sleeping in her bed, and after fled with such Jewels and other 
stufTe of hers as he might carry : but he was so freshly pursued 
that for feare he tooke the church of Saint George in South* 
warke, and challenged priuiledge of Sanctuary there, and so 



The Suburbes without the IValles 73 

abtured the kings land. Then the Constables (hauing charge 
of him) brought him into London, intending to haue conuaied 
him Eastward, but so soone as he was come into the parish 
where before hee had committed the murther, the wiues cast 
vpon him so much filth and ordure of the streete, that (not- 
withstanding the best resistance made by the Constables) they 
slew him out of hand: and for this feate, it hath beene 
sayd, that parish to haue purchased that name of saint Mary 
MatfeUoHf but I finde in Record, the same to be called ViUa 
beaia Maria de MaifeUan in the 2i. of Richard the second. 

More, we reade that in the yeare 1336. the 10. of E. the 3. 
the Bishop of Alba, Cardinall, and Parson of StebutUiUh^ 
Procurator generall in England, presented a Clarke to be 
Parson in the church of blessed J/i^r^ called Matfellan^ without 
Aldq;ate of London, &c. 

Now againe from Ald^ate northwest to Bishops gate, lyeth 
Hounds ditch, and so to Bishops gate. 

North and by east from Bishops gate, lieth a large street Snbnrbe with* 
or high way, hauing on the west side therof, the parish church ^J^f **^^^ 
of S. But{tolphe). I 

Then is the Hospitall of S. Mary of Bethelem, founded by Pagt 427 
a Cittizen of London, and as before is shewed, vp to the 
Barres, without the which is Norton fall gate, a libertie so Noitoo fall 
called, belonging to the Deane of Powles. Thence vp to the f^^ ^ 
late dissolued Priory of S. John Baptist^ called Holywell, S. John 
a house of Nuns, of old time founded by a Bishop of London : HcSfl^n. 
Stephen Grausend Bishop of London, about the yeare 1318 
was a benefactor therevnto, reedified by sir Thomas Louell 
knight of the Garter, who builded much there, in the raignes 
olH. the 7. and of H. the 8. Hee endowed this house with fayre 
lands, and was there buried in a large chappel by him builded 
for that purpose. This Priory was valued at the suppression 
to haue of lands 293.1i. by year, and was surrendred 1539. the 
31. of H. the 8. The church thereof being pulled downe, 
many houses haue been builded for the lodg^nges of noble 
men, of strangers borne and other. 

From Holy well in the high streete, is a continuall building 
of tenementes to Sewers ditch, hauing one small side of a fielde, 
already made a Garden plotte. Ouer against the north comer 



74 



The Suburbes without the IValles 



A Crosse at 
Soersditchnow 
a Smithes 
Foi]ge* 



Hoxton. 



Page 428 



Soerditch so 
called more 
then 400. 
yeares since, as 
I can prone 
by record. 

Almeshonses 
in Soersditch. 



Rotten Row 
or Rttssel row. 



of this field, betweene it and the Church of Saint Leonarde in 
Shoreditch, sometime stood a Crosse, now a Smithes Foi^e, 
diuiding three wayes : forth right the high way is builded vpon 
eyther side, more then a good flight shoote, towardes Kinges 
land, Newington, Totanham, &c. 

On the left hand is Ealdestreete, which reacheth West to 
a stone Crosse, ouer against the North ende of Golding lane, 
and so to the ende of Goswell streete. On the right hand of 
this Ealdestreete, not farre from Soers ditch, but on the North 
side thereof, is Hoxton, a large streete with houses on both 
sides, and is a Prebend belonging to Powles church in London, 
but of Soers ditch parish. 

On the right hand beyond Soresditch church toward Hack- 
ney, are some late builded houses vpon the common soyle, 
for it was a leystall, but those houses belong to the parish of 
Stebunhith. 

On the other side of the high way from Bishops^^te and 
Hounds ditch is the Dolphin, a common Inne for receipt of 
trauellers, then a house builded by the L. lohn Pawlet^ then 
Fishers Folly, and so vp to the west ende of Berwardes Lane, | 
is a continuall building of small cottages, then the Hospitall 
called S. Mary Spittle hard within the Barres, whereof I haue 
spoken in Bishop^ate warde. 

From the which bars towardes Soersditch on that side, is 
all along a continuall building of small and base tenements, 
for the most part lately erected. 

Amongst the which (I meane of the auncientest building) 
was one row of proper small houses with Gardens for poore 
decayed people, there placed by the Prior of the said Hospitall : 
euery one Tenant whereof paid one penny rent by the yeare 
at Christmas, and dined with the Prior on Christmas day : but 
after the suppression of the Hospitall, these houses for want 
of reparations in few yeares were so decayed, that it was called 
Rotten Rowe, and the poore wome out (for there came no new 
in their place): the houses, for a small portion of money, were 
solde from Goddard to Russell a Draper, who new builded 
them, and let them out for rent enough, taking also large 
Fines of the Tenantes, neare as much as the houses cost him 
purchase, and building : for hee made his bargaines so hardly 



The Suburbes without the IValles 75 

with all men, that both Carpenter, Brickelayer, and Playsterer, 
were by that Worke vndone. And yet in honour of his name, 
it is now called Russels Row. 

Now for the parrish of S. Leonards at Soersditch, the Arch- Parish Chmc 
deacon of London is alwayes Parson thereof, and the Cure is ^ soenditch. 
senied by a Vicar. In this church haue beene diuers honour- 
able persons buried, as appeareth by monuments yet remayning: 
^sir lohnElringUm with Margaret his wife, daughter and heyre 
to Thomas Lord Itchingham^ widdow to William Blount^ sonne 
and heyre to Walter Blount the first Lord Mountiay^ which 
Margaret dyed 148 1. 

Sir Humfrey Starkie Recorder of London, Baron of the 
Exchequer, lohn Gadde Shereman of London, and Anne his 
wife, 1480. sir Thomas Seymore Mayor of London, deceased 
1535- sir Thomas Leigh Doctor of law, 154.5. Item, vnder one 
fa}rre monument lyeih buried the Lady Katherine daughter 
to Edwarde Duke of Buckingham, wife to Raph Neuell Earle 
of Westmerland, who dyed 1553. ^'^o Elianor daughter | to Page 4^ 
sir William Paston^ wife to Thomas Mannar s Earle of Rutland, 
1551* Margaret daughter to Raph Neuell Earle of Westmer- 
land, and wife to Henry Mannar s Earle of Rutland, 1560. 
Katherine daughter to Henry Neuel Earle of Westmerland, 
and wife to Sir lohn Constable of Holdemes, 1591. Anne 
daughter to 71 Mannars Earle of Rutland, sir T. Mannars 

4. son to Thomas Earle of Rutland, 1591. Oliuer Mannars^ 

5. son to Thomas Earle of Rutland, 1563. all vnder one 
monument. Richard and Harry Yong 1545. ^ 

Notwithstanding that of late one Vicker there,for couetousnes 
of the brasse which he conuerted into coyned siluer, plucking vp 
many plates fixed on the g^ues, & left no memory of such as 
had beene buried vnder them : A greate iniurie both to the liuing 
and the dead, forbidden by publike proclamation, in the raigne 
of our soueraigne Lady Queene Elisabeth^ but not forbom by 
many, that eyther of a preposterous zeale, or of a greedy minde 
spare not to satisfie themselues by so wicked a meanes. 

One note of Shoreditch, and so an ende of that suburbe. 
I reade that in the year 1440. the 18. of H. the 6. a Fuller 
of Shorditch appeached of treason many worthy Esquiers and 
* Sir J. EIrington . . . Richard and Harry Yong 1545] atn, ij^ 



76 The Suburbes without the IValles 

A Falter of Gentlemen of Kent, but he being proued false, was attaint, 

forfalidy Condemned and had iudgement to be drawne, hanged and 

•ccmrinK quartered, which was done, his head set on London bridge, 

qnmrtered. and his quarters on the gates : this iustice was done, according 

Dent i6. to the i6. of Deuteronomie. ' The iudges shall make diligent 

ft iklMtoo^. inquisition, and if the witnes bee founde false, and to haue 

giuen false witnes against his brother, then shall they doe 

vnto him, as he had thought to doe vnto his brother,' &c. 

I reade of the Kinges Mannor Vocatus ^ Shorditch place in the 

parrish of Hackney, but how it tooke that name I know not, 

and therfore I wil turn backe from Shoreditch Crosse to 

Bethlero Bethelem-Crosse, and so passe through that Hospitall into the 

crossc. More fielde, which lyeth without the Posteme called Moregate. 

This fielde of old time was called the More. As appeareth 

by the Charter of William Conqueror to the Colledge of 

S. Martin declaring a running water to passe into the Citie 

from the same More. Also Fitzstephen writeth of this More, 

Page 4JO saying thus : When \ the great Fenne or More^ which water eth 

Fenibcry ^^^ waUes on the north side is frozen^ &c. This Fen or More 

fields & More- figij stretching from the wall of the City betwixt Bishop^ate 

vnprofitable and the posterne called Cripples gate to Fensbery, and to 

ground. Holy well, continued a wast and vnprofitable ground a long 

time, so that the same was all letten for foure markes the 

yeare, in the raigne o{ Edward ^e a : but in the yeare 1415. 

the 3. of Henry the 5. Tliamas Fawconer Mayor, as I haue 

shewed, caused the wall of the Citty to be broken toward the 

said More, and builded the Posteme called Moregate, for the 

ease of the Cittizens to walke that waye vppon Causeyes 

towardes Iseldon and Hoxton : moreouer he caused the ditches 

of the Citie, and other the ditches from Soers ditch to Deepe 

ditch, by Bethelem into the More ditch, to be new cast and 

cleansed, by meanes whereof the sayde Fenne or More was 

greatly dreyned and dryed: but shortly after, to wit in 1477, 

Raph loceline Mayor, for repayring the Wall of the Cittie, 

caused the sayde More to bee searched for Clay and Bricke 

to bee brente there, &c. by which meanes this fielde was made 

the worse for a long time. 

In the yeare 1498. all the Gardens which had continued 
time out of mind, without Moregate, to witte, aboute and 

* Vocatus] Vocator 1603 



The Stiburbes without the IValks 77 

beyonde the Lordship of Finsbery , were destroyed. And of Gaideos with 
them was made a playne field for Archers to shoote in. And ^^^JJJ^ 
in the yeare 151 2. Roger Atchley Mayor caused diuers dikes madepUine 
to be cast, and made to drein the waters of the sayde More ^ ^ * 

Ditches east 

fields, with bridges arched ouer them, and the groundes about to dreine the 
to bee leuelled, whereby the sayd fielde was made somewhat MoiefieW. 
more commodious, but yet it stoode full of noysome waters : 
Whereupon in the yeare 1527. sir Thomas Semor Mayor Slewoes to 
caused diuers sluces to be made, to conuey the sayd waters ^^^^^^ 
ouer the Towne ditch, into the course of Walbrooke, and so water out 
into the Thames : and by these degrees was this Fenne or 
More at length made main and hard ground^ which before 
being ouergrowne with Flagges, sedges and rushes, serued to 
ho vse, since the which time, also the further groundes beyonde 
Fensbury Court haue been so ouerheightned with Laystalles Morefield ray 
of dung, that now three windmilles are thereon set : the ditches JJy^^ ^^^ 
be filled vp, and the bridges ouerwhelmed. | thereoo. 

And now concerning the inclosures of common grounds /%i^ ^r;/ 
about this cittie, whereof I mind not much to argue, Edwarde Edward HaU 
Hall setteth downe a note of his time, to wit in the fift or 
sixte of Henry the eight: before this time sayth hee, the 
inhabitantes of the Townes aboute London, as Iseldone, 
Hoxton, Shorsditch and others, had so inclosed the common 
fieldes with hedges, and ditches, that neyther the yong men 
of the City might shoote, nor the auncient persons walke for 
theyr pleasures in those fieldes, but that either their bowes 
and arrowes were taken away or broken, or the honest persons 
arrested or indighted : saying, that no Londoner ought to goe 
out of the City, but in the high Wales. This saying so 
grieued the Londoners, that suddainlie this yeare a great 
number of the Citie assembled themselues in a morning, and 
a Turner in a fooles coate came crying through the Citty, 
shouelles and spades, shouelles and spades : so many of the 
people followed, that it was a wonder to behold, and within 
a short space all the hedges about the City were cast down, Hedges puUe 
and the diches filled vp, and euery thing made plaine, such du^ mfed 
was the diligence of these workmen : the kinges councell hearing vp. 
of this assembly came to the gray Fryers, & sent for the Mayor 
and councell of the city to know the cause, which declared to 



78 The Subiirbes without the IValles 

them the iniurie and annoying done to the citizens, and to their 

liberties, which though they wold not seeke disorderly to re- 

dresse, yet the comminalty & yong persons could not be stayed 

thus to remedy the same. When the kings councell had heard 

their answere, they dissimuled the mater & commanded the 

Mayor to see that no other thing were attempted, but that 

they should forthwith call home the yonger sort : who hauing 

speedily atchieued their desire, returned home before the 

Kings Councell, and the Mayor departed without more 

harme : after which time (sayeth Halt) these fieldes were neuer 

hedged : but now wee see the thing in worse case than euer, 

by meanes of inclo^ure for Gardens, wherein are builded many 

Banqueting fayre summer houses, and as in other places of the Suburbes, 

Su^jaooMtk some of them like Midsommer Pageantes, with Towers, 

bcaringjpeat Turrets, and Chimney tops, not so much for vse or profite, 

little worth. AS for shewe and pleasure, bewraying the vanity of mens 

mindes, much vnlike to the disposition of the ancient Cittizens, 

Pagf4}2 who delighted in | the building of Hospitals, and Almes 

houses for the poore, and therein both imployed their wits, 

and spent their wealthes in preferment of the common com- 

moditie of this our Citie. 

Snbtirbewith- But to come backe againe to Moregate, and from thence 

outCriple- ^gg^ through a narrow lane called the Posteme, because it 

hath at eyther end a doore to be shut in the night season, 

betwixt the More ditch inclosed with bricke for Tenter yardes, 

and the Gardens of the sayd More fielde, to More lane, a part 

of the Suburbe without Creplesgate: without this Posteme 

called Cripplesgate also lay a part of the sayde More euen to 

the Riuer of the Wels, as in another place I haue shewed, and 

no houses were there builded till the latter end of the raigne 

of William the Conqueror, and of his sonne William Rufus : 

about which times some fewe houses being there builded 

along East and West, thwart before the said gate, one Alfune 

Parish chnich builded for the inhabitants a Parish Church, which is of Saint 

of s. Giles. QUes^ somewhat west from the sayde gate, and is now on the 

banke of the towne ditch, and so was there a street since 

called Forestreet, as standing before the gate. 

This Alfune^ in the raigne of Henrie the first, became the 
first Hospitaler of S. Bartlemewes Hospitall in Smithfield, as 



The Suburbes without the IValles 79 

in an other place I haue noted. And this Parish Church of 
S. Giles being at the first a small thing, stood in place where 
now standeth the Vicarage house : but hath beene since at 
diuerse times much enlarged, according as the Parish hath 
increased, and was at the length newly builded in place where 
now it standeth. But the same new church being laige, 
strongly builded, and richly furnished with ornaments, was in 
the yeare 1545. by casualtie of fire sore burnt and consumed, 
notwithstanding it was againe within a short space of time 
repayred, as now it sheweth. 

Some little distance from the east end of this Church, 
standeth a fayre Conduit castellated in Forestreet Then had 
yee a Bosse of sweet water in the wall of the churchyard, 
lately made a pompe, but already decayed. 

Then had yee a (ayre Poole of sweete water neare to the 
Church of saint GUeSy wherein Anne of Lodbery was drowned, 
as I haue before declared. 

In the East ende of Forestreete is More lane : then next is | Po^ 433 
Gnibstreete, of late yeares inhabited for the most part by Gmbstieet. 
Bows^ers, Fletchers, Bowstring makers, and such like, now 
little occupied, Archerie giuing place to a number of bowling 
Allies, and Dicing houses, which in al places are increased, 
and too much firequented. 

This street stretcheth North to Euerades Well street, which Enendes Wd 
thwarteth it to White Crosse streete. The next from Fore- 
streete North is White Crosse street, likewise extending it 
selfe vp to the West ende of Euerades Well streete, and from 
the end thereof to Ealdstreete. 

From the west end of Forestreete lyeth Red crosse street, 
from the which Crosse on the right hand East lyeth Beech 
lane, and reacheth to the White crosse streete. From Red 
Crosse north lyeth Golding lane, which stretcheth vp to a Goldlng Une 
Crosse in Ealdestreet, which Golding lane on both the sides 
is replenished with many tenements of poore people. 

On the left hand and west of the Red Crosse lyeth a streete 
of old time called Houndes ditch, and of later time named 
Barbican, of such cause as I haue before noted. And thus 
haue you all the Suburbe without Crepl^[ate^ being ^most 



8o The Suburbes without the IValles 



Snborbewith- 
Diit Alders- 
gate. 



Ealdstieete. 



HoipHal 

withont 

Aldengate. 



The Mount 






altogitber in the Parish of S. Giles^ which hath more then 
1800. Householders, and aboue 4000. Communicants. 

Without Aldersgate on the left hand is the Parish Church 
of S. Buttolph^ on the North side of the which church lyeth 
a way called little Britane streete, towardes the Priorie of 
Saint Bartholomew in Smithfield, but the high way without 
Aldersgate runneth straight North from the said gate vnto 
Houndes ditch or Barbican streete on the right hand, and 
Long lane on the left hand which runneth into Smithfield. 

Then from the farther ende of Aldersgate streete, straight 
North to the Barre, is called Goswell street, replenished with 
smal tenements, cottages, and Allies, Gardens, banquetting 
houses, and bowling places. 

Beyond these bars, leauing the Charterhouse on the left 
hand or the west side, the way stretcheth vp towards Iseldon, 
and on the right hand, or East side, at a Red Crosse tumeth 
into Ealdstreete, so called, for that it was the old high way 
from Aldersgate streete | for the Northeast parts of England 
before Bishopsgate was builded, which streete runneth East 
to a Smithes Forge, sometime a Crosse before Shoreditch 
Church, from whence the passengers and Carriages were to 
tume North to Kings land, Tottenham, Waltham, Ware, &c. 

There was sometime in this suburbe without Aldersgate an 
Hospitall for the poore, but an Alien of Clunie, a French 
order, and therefore suppressed by king Henrie the fift, who 
gaue the house with lands and goods to the parish of saint 
Buttolph^ and a brotherhoode of the Trinitie was there founded, 
which was afterwards suppressed by Henry the 8. or Edward 
the sixt 

There is at the farthest north corner of this Suburbe a 
windmill which was sometime by a Tempest of winde ouer- 
throwne, and in place thereof a Chappell was builded by 
Queene Katherine (first wife of Henrie the eight,) who named 
it the Mount of Caluerie, because it was of Christs passion, 
and was in the end of Henry the eight pulled downe, and 
a Windmill newly set vp as afore. 

Without Newgat lyeth the West and by North Suburbe, on 
the right hand or Northside whereof betwixt the said gate, 
and the Parish of saint Septtkhre tumeth a way towards west 



The Suburbes without the IVcUles 8i 

Smith field, called as I haue shewed Giltspurre streete» or 
Knightriders street, then is Smithfield it selfe, compassed 
about with buildings as I haue before declared in Faringdon 
ward without. 

And without the barre of West Smithfield lyeth a lai^ 
street or way, called of the house of 5. lohn there, S. /c?AiwS.iohni street, 
streete, and stretcheth towards Iseldon, on the right hand 
whereof stoode the late dissolued Monasterie, called the 
Charterhouse, founded by sir Walter Manny knight, a stranger Charterhouse. 
borne, Lord of the towne of Manny in the Dioces of Cambrey, 
beyond the seas, who for seruice done to king Edward the 
third was made knight of the Garter. This house he founded 
upon this occasion. A great Pestilence entring this Hand, 
b^an first in Dorsetshire, then proceeded into Deuonshire, 
Somerset shire, Glocester shire, and Oxforde shire, and at 
length came to London, and ouerspred all England, so 
wasting the people, that scarce the tenth person of all sortes 
was left aliue, and Church3rards were not sufficient to receiue 
the dead | but men were forced to chuse out certain fields for Page 43s 
burials, wherevpon Raph Stratford Bishop of London in the 
yeare 1348. bought a peece of ground called no mans land^ which No mans land. 
he inclosed with a wall of Bricke and dedicated for buriall of 
the deade, builded therevpon a proper Chappell, which is now 
enlarged and made a dwelling house, and this burying plot 
is become a fayre Garden, retaining the old name of Pardon Pardon church 
Churchyard. S!^^ 

About this in the yeare 1349. the said sir Walter Manny 
in respect of daunger that might befal in this time of so great 
a plague and infection, purchased thirteene Acres and a rode 
of ground adioyning to the said no mans land, and lying in 
a place called Spittle Croft, because it belonged to S. Bartil- 
mewes Hospitall, since that called the new Church Haw, and 
caused it to be consecrated by the said Bishop of London to 
the vse of burials. 

In this plot of ground there was in that yeare more then 
50000. persons buried, as I haue reade in the Charters of 
Edward the third : Also I haue scene and read an Inscription 
fixed on a stone Crosse, sometime standing in the same church- 
yard and hauing these wordes: Anno Domini 1349. regnante 

STOW. II G 



82 Tlie Suhurbes without the IValks 



Chattcrboofe 
chttffdiyArd 

pf cpttfM Wi 

btukUofthc 
popre, fo to 
rcnMinefor 



»oU of Pope 
ClcnMnt 



/Vijfy ^/^ 



Vse of the 

Cart 



magna pestilentia^ cansecratutn fuit hoc CctmiUrium^ in quo 
Sf infra septa presentis monaster ii^ sepulta fuerunt martuorum 
corpora plusquam quinquaginta millia^ prceter alia multa abkinc 
vsque ad pre sens ^ quorum animabus propitietur deus Amen. In 
coniideration of the number of Christian people here buried, 
the sayd sir Walter Manny caused first a Chappell to be 
builded, where^ for the space of twentie three yeares offerings 
were made, and it is to be noted that aboue looooo. bodies of 
Christian people had in that Churchyard beene buried, for the 
sayde knight had purchased that place for the buriall of poore 
people, trauailers and other that were diseased to remaine for 
euer, whervpon an order was taken for the auoyding of con- 
tention betweene the parsons of Churches and that house, to 
wit, that the bodies should be had vnto the Church where they 
were Parishioners, or died, and after the funerall seruice done, 
had to the place where they should be buried. And the yeare 
137 1, hee caused there to bee founded an house of Carthusian 
Monks, which he willed to be called the Salutation, and that 
one of the Monkes should be called | Prior, and he gaue them 
the saide place of thirteene Acres and a Rode of land, with the 
Chappell, and houses there builded for their habitation : he 
also gaue them the three Acres of land lying without the 
walles on the North part betwixt the landes of the Abbot of 
Westminster, and the lands of the Prior of S. lohn^ (which 
three Acres were purchased, inclosed, and dedicated by Raph 
Stratford Bishop of London, as is afore shewed,) remained till 
our time, by the name of Pardon Churchyard, and serued for 
burying of such as desperately ended their Hues, or were 
executed for Felonies, who were fetched thither vsually in 
a close cart, bayled ouer and couered with blacke, hauing 
a plaine white Crosse thwarting, and at the fore end a Saint 
lohns Crosse without, and within a Bell ringing by shaking 
of the cart, whereby the same might be heard when it passed, 
and this was called the Fraerie Cart, which belonged to Saint 
lohnSy and had the priuiledge of Sanctuarie. In this Charter 
house were the Monuments of the sayd sir IVa/tar Manny ^ 
& Margaret his wife, Marmaduke Lumley^ Laurence Brumley 
knight, sir Edward Hederset knight, sir William Manny knight. 
Dame lahan Borough^ lohn Dorewentwatar knight \ Robert 

* Dorc, Want Water] 1^98, 1603 



The Siiburbes without the IValles 83 

Olney Esquire, Katherine daughter to sir William Babington 
kn^hty Blanch daughter to Htigh WaUrton^ Katherine wife to 
John at Poole^ daughter and heyre to Richard de Lacie, William 
Rawlin^ sir lohn Lenthaine^ and Dame Margaret his wife, 
daughter to lohn Fray, lohn Peake Esquire, William Baran^ 
and William Baron Esquire, sir Thomas Thwaites knight, 
Philip Morgan Bishop of Ely, 1434. 

In the Qojrstrie, Barthchtnew Rede knight, Maior of London, 
buried 1503. sir lohn Popham^ &c. 

This Monasterie at the suppression in the 29. of Henrie the 
8. was valued at 642.L 4.d. halfepenny yearely. 

A little without the Barres of west Smithfield is Charter- Ourter hot 
house lane, so called, for that (it) leadeth to the sayd plot of ^'^ 
the late dissolued Monasterie, in place whereof, first the Lord 
Norths but since Thomas Howarde late Duke of NorfTolke, 
haue made large and sumptuous buildinges, both for lodging Condnit by 
and pleasure. At the gate of this Charter house is a faire g^^" 
water Conduit, with | two cockes seruing the vse of the neigh- Page 4^7 
bours to their great commoditie. 

Saint lohns streete from the entring this lane is also on both 
the sides replenished with buildinges vp to Clarken Well. 
On the left hand of which street lyeth a lane called Cow Cow Ctomc 
crosse, of a crosse sometime standing there, which lane tumeth 
downe to another lane called Tumemill streete, which stretcheth 
vp to the West side of Clarken Well, and was called Tumemill 
streete for such cause as is afore declared. 

One other lane there is called S. Peters lane, which tumeth 
from saint lohns streete to Cow crosse. 

On the left hand also stoode the late dissolued Priorie of Priorie of s 
saint lohn of lerusalem in England^ founded about the yeare .2^. 
of Christ I ICO. by lorden Briset Baron, and Muriell his wife, 
neare vnto Clarkes well besides west Smithfield, which lorden ^ 
hauing first founded the Priorie of Nunes at Clarks well 
bought of them ten Acres of land, giuing them in exchange 
ten Acres of land in his Lordship of Welling ball in the 
Countie of Kent, saint lohns Church was dedicated by Eraclius 
Patriarke of the holy resurrection of Christ at lerusalem, in 

* Brian] 1603 
G 2 



84 The Suburbes without the IValles 

the yeare 1185. and was the chiefe seate in England of the 
religious knights of 5. lohn of lerusalem, whose profession 
was^ besides their dayly seruice of God, to defende Christians 
agaynst Pagans, and to fight for the Church, vsing for their 
habite a blacke vpper garment, with a white Crosse on the 
fore part thereof, and for their good seruice was so highly 
esteemed, that when the order of Templars was dissolued, 
their lands and possessions were by parliament graunted vnto 
these, who after the losse of lerusalem recouered the Isle of 
Rodes from the Turke, and there placed themsdues, beeing 
called thereof for many yeares knights of the Rhodes, but after 
the losse thereof, 1523. they remooued to the Isle of Malta, 
manfully opposing themselues agaynst the turkish inuasions. 

The Rebels of Essex and of Kent, 1381, set fire on this 
house, causing it to bume by the space of seauen dayes to- 
gfither, not suffering any to quench it, since the which time 
the Priors of that house haue newe builded both the Church 
and houses therevnto appertaining, which church was finished 
Paie4s8 by Thomos Doc\wrey late Lord Prior there, about the yeare 
1504, as appeareth by the inscription ouer the gate house, yet 
remayning. This house at the suppression in the yi, of H. 
the 8. was valued to dispend in lands 3385.1i. 19.S. 8.d. yearely, 
sir W. Weston being then Lord Prior, dyed on the same 
seuenth of May, on which the house was suppressed, so that 
great yearely pensions being granted to the knights by the 
king, and namely to the Lord Prior during his life looo.li. hee 
neuer receiued penny. 

The king tooke into his hands all the lands that belonged 
to that house and that order wheresoeuer in England and 
Ireland, for the augmentation of his Crowne. 

This Priory church and house of saint lohn was presented 
from spoyle, or downe pulling so long as king Henry the eight 
raigned, and was imployed as a storehouse for the kings toyles 
and tents, for hunting, and for the warres, &c. but in the third 
of king Edward the sixt, the Church for the most part, to 
wit, the body and side lies with the great Bell Tower, (a most 
curious peece of workemanshippe, grauen, guilt, and inameled 
to the great beautifying of the Cittie, and passing all other 
that I haue seene) was vndermined and blowne up with Gun- 



The Subtivbes without the IValks 85 

powder, the stone thereof was imployed in building of the 
Lord Protectors house at the Strand : that part of the Quire 
which remayneth, with some side Chappels, was by Cardinal! 
Poole in the raigne of Queene Mary^ closed vp at the west 
end, and otherwise repaired, and sir Thomas Tresham knight 
was then made Lord Prior there, with restitution of some 
lands, but the same was againe suppressed in the first yeare 
of Queene Elisabeth. 

There was buried in this Church, brethren of that house, 
and knights of that order. John Botelly William Bagecore^ 
Richard Barrow^ John Vaitclay^ Thomas Launcelen^ John Mai- 
lory, William Turneyy William Hulles, — Hils or Hayles, lohn 
Weston, Redington, William Longsirother, lohn Langstroiher, 
William Tong, lohn Wakeline. Then of other: Thomas 
Thornburgh Gentleman, William West, Gentleman, lohn 
Fulling^ and Adam Gill Esquiers, sir lohn Mortimor, and 
Dame Elianor his wife, Nicholas Siluerston, William Plotnp- 
ton Esquier, Margaret Tong, and Isabel Tong, Walter Bell- 
ingham alias \ Ireland, king of Armes of Ireland, Thomas Pagt 439 
Bedle Gentleman, Katheren daughter of William Plompton 
Esquier, Richard Turpin Gentleman, lohan wife to Alexander 
Dikes^ lohn Bottle and Richard Bottle Esquiers, Rowland 
Darcie, Richard Sutton Gentleman, Richard Bottill Gent 
Sir W. Harpden knight, Robert Kingston Esquier, and Mar- 
gery his wife, lohn Roch^ Richard Cednor Gentleman, Simon 
Mallory 1442. William Mallory, Robert Longstrother^ Ralph 
Asteley, William Marshall^ Robert Sauage^ Robert Gondall 
Esquiers, and Margery his wife, William Bapthorpe Baron of 
the Exchequer, 1441%. 

North from the house of S. lohns, was the Priory of darken Priory of 
well, so called of Clarkes well adioyning, which Priory was ^ *" ^* 
also founded about the yeare iioo. by I or den Briset Baron, 
the Sonne of Ralph, the sonne of Brian Briset : who gaue to 
Robert a Priest, fourteene Acres of land lying in the field next 
adioyning to the said Clarkes well, thereupon to build an 
house of religious persons^ which he founded to the honour of 
God, and the Assumption of our Lady, and placed therein 
blacke Nuns. This lorden Briset gaue also to that house one 
peece of ground thereby, to build a wind mill vpon, &c. He 



86 The Suburbes without the IValles 

and Muriell his wife were buried in the Chapter house there : 
more buried in this Church, lohn Wikes Esquier, and Isabell 
his wife, Dame Agnes Clifford, Ralph Timbleby, Esquier, 
Dame lohan Baronnesse of Greystocke, Dame lohan^ Lady 
Ferrars. And of later time in the parish Church, Canstattces ^ 
Bennet, a Greeke borne, he gaue two houses, the one in saint 
lohtts streete, the other in Tummill street, the rents of them to 
be distributed in Coales euery yeare against Christmas, to the 
poore of that parish. 

William Heme, a Maister of defence, and yeoman of the 
gard, 1580. gaue lands and tenements to the Cloth workers in 
London, they to pay yearely for euer, fourteene pound to the 
Churchwardens of darken well, and fourteene pound to the 
Churchwardens of 5. Sepulchers, towards reparations of these 
Churches, & reliefe of the poore men, more, he gaue after the 
death of one man, yet liuing, eight li. the yeare for euer, to 
the mending of high wayes. 
^ 440 Thomas Sacheford Esquier, one of the masters of requests, 

gaue I to the poore of that parish 40. shillings the yeare for 
euer, out of his Almes house at Woodbridge in Suffolke, 
where he is buried. Henry Stoke, Gardiner, buried there, 
gaue 20.S. the yeare for euer, towards reparation of that 
church. This Priory was valued to dispend 262.1i. 9.S. by 
yeare, and was surrendred the 30. of H. the 8. Many faire 
houses are now builded about the Priory, namely by the high 
way towards Iseldon. 

So much of the Church which remaineth, (for one great He 
thereof fell downe) serueth as a parish Church of Saint lohn^ 
not onely for the Tenementes, and neare inhabitantes, but 
also (as is afore sayde) for all vp to Highgate, Moswell &c. 

Neare vnto this Church besides Clarkes well lane, diuers 
other Welles, namely Skinners well. Fags well, Tode* well, 
Loders well. Rede well &c. now dammed vp. 

Now to retume agayne to Giltspurre street, where I first 
b^;an with this Suburbe, there standeth the Parrish Church 
of Saint Sepulchre in the Bayly, as is before shewed, from 
this streete to Tumagaine lane by Hosiar lane. Cow lane 
& Holdbom Conduite downe Snore hill to Oldbome bridge, 

* ConstanthfM r^— « Godc 1603 



The Suburbes without the IValles 87 

and vp Oldbome hill, by Gold lane on the right hand, and 

Lither lane beyond it, to the Barres, beyond the which Barres 

on the same side, is Porte Poole^ or Grayes Inne lane, so Portpoole, 

called of the Inne of Courte, named Grayes Inne, a goodly {^^,'0^^* 

house there scituate, by whome builded or first begun I haue Inne an inne 

not yet learned, but seemeth to be since Edward the thirds ° 

time, and is a prebend to Paules Church in London. 

This lane is furnished with faire buildings, and many tene- 
ments on both the sides, leading to the fieldes, towards High- 
gate and Hamsted, 

On the high streete haue ye many fayre houses builded, 
and lodgings for Gentlemen, Innes for trauellers, and such 
like vp almost (for it lacketh but little) to saint GUes in the 
fieldes : amongst the which buildinges for the most part being 
very new, one passeth the rest in largenesse of roomes, lately 
builded by a Widdow sometime wife to Richard Alingtan Widow Aling* 
Esquier, which Richard Alington deceased in the yeare 1561. bnUdtag. 
And thus much for that north side of Oldbome. I ^0^44* 



Now from Newgate on the left hand or south side lyeth South side of 
the old Bayly, and so downe by Seacole lane end to Oldbome ^ 
bridge, vp Oldborne hill, by Shooe lane and Fewters lane to 
the barres. 

Beyond the barres had ye in old time a Temple builded by 
the Templars, whose order first b^^n in the yeare of Christ 
1 1 18. in the 19. oi Henry the first. This Temple was left and 
fell to ruine since the yeare 11 84. when the Templars had 
builded them a new Temple in Fleet streete, neare to the 
Riuer of Thames. A great part of this old Temple was Old Temple, 
pulled downe but of late in the yeare 1595. Adioyning to 
this old Temple, was sometime the Bishop of Lincolnes Inne, 
wherein he lodged when he repay red to this City. Robert de 
Curars^ Bishop of Lincolne, builded it about the yeare 1147. The Bishop of 
John Russell Bishop of Lincolne, Chauncellor of England in ^^^ ^'*"^- 
the raigne of Richard the third, was lodged there. It hath of 
late yeares belonged to the Earles of Southampton, and there- 
fore called Southampton house. Master Ropar hath of late Southampton 
builded much there, by meanes whereof part of the mines of ^^^* 
the old Temple were seene to remaine builded of Cane stone, 

Curars: Robert de Chesney, cons. 1148 



88 The Suburbes without the IValles 



New ttreete. 



Chtncery 
lane. 



Counitors 
office in Chtn- 
cery lane. 



round in forme as the new Temple by Temple barre and 
other Temples in England. Beyond this old Temple, and 
the Bishoppe of Lincolnes house, is New streete, so called 
in the raigne of H. the 3. when he of a lewes house 
founded the house of Conuerts, betwixt the old Temple and 
the new. 
New streete or The same Street hath sithence beene called Chauncery lane, 
by reason that king E, the 3. annexed the house of Conuerts 
by patent to the office of Custos RoUilaruniy or maister of the 
Rolles, in the 51. of his raigne. 

In this streete the first faire building to be noted on the 
east side, is called the Coursitors office, builded with diuers 
fayre lodgings for Gentlemen, all of Bricke and timber, by sir 
Nicholas Bacon late Lord keeper of the great Scale. 

Neare vnto this Coursitors office, be diuers faire houses 
& large gardens, builded and made in a ground, sometime 
belonging to one great house on the other side the street, 
there made by Ralph Neuel Bishop of Chichester. This 
ground he had by the gift of H. the 3. as appeareth. The 
king granteth to Ralph Bishop of Chichester Chancellor^ thai 
place with the Garden which lohn Herlison \ forfeyted in that 
street^ called Newstreete^ oner against the land of the sayde 
Bishoppe in the same streete^ which place with the garden and 
appurtenance was the hinges exchete by the libertie of the cittie 
of London^ as it was acknowledged before the king in his court 
at the tower of London^ in the last pleas of the crown of that 
Cittie^ cart. 1 1. H. 3. 

Then was the house of conuertes, wherein now the Rowles 
of Chancery be kept. Then the Sergeants Inne, &c. 

On the West side of Newstreete, towardes the North ende 
thereof, was of olde time the church, and house of the Preach- 
ing Friers: the which house I finde that in the yeare of 
Christ, \%%i. the Friers Preachers 13. in number came into 
England, and hauing to their Prior one named Gilbert de 
Fraxineto in company of Peter de la Roche Bishoppe of 
Winchester, came to Canterbury, where presenting themselves 
before the Archbishop Steuen (^Langton)^ hee commaunded 
the sayde Prior to preach, whose sermon he liked so well, 
that euer after hee loued that order. These Fryers came to 



Page 442 



Black fryen 
Church in 
Oldbome. 



The Suburbes without the IValles 89 

London, and had their first house without the Wall of the 
Cittie by Oldbome, neare vnto the old Temple. 

Hubert de Burgo Earle of Kent was a great benefactor vnto 
these Fryers, and deceasing at his Mannor of Bansted in 
Surrey, or after some writers, at his Castle of Barkamsted in 
Hartfordshire, in the yeare 1242. was buried in their Church, Earle of Kent 
vnto the which church he had giuen his place at Westminster, BUcke Fryers, 
which the sayde Fryers afterward solde to Walter Grey Arch- 
bishop of Yorke, and he left it to his successors in that sea, 
for euer to be their house when they should repaire to the 
Cittie of London. And therefore the same was called Yorke 
place, which name so continued vntill the yeare 1529. that 
king Henry the eight tooke it from Thomas Wolsey Cardinall 
and Archbishop of Yorke, and then gaue it to name White 
hall. 

Margaret sister to the King of Scottes, Widdowe to Gilbert ^ 
Earle Marshall, deceased 1244. and was buried in this church. 

In the yeare 1250. the Fryers of this order of preachers Conuocations 
thorough Christendome and from Jerusalem, were by a con- Yx^^\xk 
uocation assembled together, at this their house by Oldbome, Oldbom. 
to entreat | of their estate, to the number of 400. hauing meat Page 443 
and drink found them of almes, because they had no possessions 
of their owne. The first day the king came to their Chapter, 
found them meate and drinke, and dined with them. An 
other day the Queene founde them meate and drinke : after- 
ward the Bishop of London, then the Abbot of Westminster, 
of S. Albons, Waltham, and others. In the yeare 1276. 
Gregory Rokesley Mayor and the Barons of London graunted 
and gaue to Robert Kilwerbie Archbishop of Canterbury, two 
lanes or wayes next the street of Baynards Castle, and the 
Tower of Mountfichet to be destroyed. On the which place 
the sayde Robert builded the late new church, with the rest of 
the stones that were left of the sayde Tower. And thus the 
blacke Fryers left their church and house by Oldbome, and 
departed to their new. This olde Fryer house, {iuxta Holbome 
sayeth the Patent) was by king Edwarde the first, in the 16. 
of his raigne, giuen to Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne. 

■ Gilbert] Gefirey 1603 



90 The Suburbes without the IVattes 

BUiy of Next to this house of Fryers, was one other great House, 

lime. sometime belonging to the Bishop of Chichester, whereof 

Mathew Paris writeth thus : Raph de naua villa, or Neuill, 
Bishop of Chichester and Chauncellor of England, sometime 
builded a noble house, euenfrom thegrotinde^ not f arte from the 
newe Temple and house of Conuertes, in the which place hee 
deceased in tlie yeare 1244. 

In this place after the decease of the sayde Bishoppe, and 
in place of the house of Blacke Fryers, before spoken of, 
Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne, Constable of Chester, and 
Lincolns Inne. Custos of England, builded his Inne, and for the most parte 
was lodged there : hee deceased in this house in the yeare 
1310. and was buried in the new worke, (whervnto he had 
beene a g^eat benefactor) of saint Pauls church, betwixt our 
Lady chappell and saint Dunstones ChappelL This Lincolnes 
Inne sometime pertayning to the Bishops of Chichester, as 
a part of the sayde great house, is now an Inne of Court, 
retayning the name of Lincolnes Inne as afore, but now lately 
encreased with fayre buildinges, and replenished with Gentle- 
men studious in the common lawes. In the raigne of H. the 8. 
slxThomas Louell^N^s a great builder there,especially he builded 
the gate house and forefront towardes the east, placing thereon 
Pagi444 aswell the Lacies \ armes as his owne: hee caused the Lades 
armes to bee cast and wrought in leade, on the louer of the 
Lincolns Inne hall of that house, which was in the 3. Escutcheons a Lyon 
Conrt!*^ rampart for Lacie^ 7. Mascules voyded for Quincie, and 3. 
Wheat sheaues for Chester. This Louer being of late repayred 
the sayde Escutcheons were left out. The rest of that side 
euen to Fleetstreete is replenished with fayre buildings. 

Now the high Oldborne street, from the north end of New- 
street, stretcheth on the left hand in building lately framed, 
HotDitall of vp to S. Giles in the field, which was an Hospitall founded by 
foimdS. Matilda the Queene, wife to Henry the first, about the yeare 
1 1 1 7. This Hospitall, sayeth the record of Edward the third, 
the 19. yeare, was founded without the barre veteris Templi 
London & conuersorum. 

This Hospitall was founded, as a sell to Burtofi Lager of 
lerusalem, as may appeare by a deed dated the 24. of H. 
the 7. in these wordes : Thomas Norton knight, Mayster of 



The Suburbes without the fValles 91 

Burton Lager of Jerusalem in England^ and the Bretheren ^ Burton Ltgmr 
the same place, keepers of the HospitaU of saint Giles without "u^SSI?. 
the barres of the olde Temple of London, haue solde to Geffrey ^^' 
Kent Cittisen & Draper of London a messuage or house with 
two soUars ^ aboue edified in theparrish of Alhallowes Hony lane 
in west Chepe, adioyning to the west part of a tenement called the 
Gote on the Hope^pertayning to the Drapers ofLondonJor xxxdi. 

At this Hospital!, the prisoners conuayed from the City of 
London towardes Teybome, there to be executed for treasons, 
fellonies, or other trespasses, were presented with a great 
Bowie of Ale, thereof to drinke at theyr pleasure, as to be S. Giles 
theyr last refreshing in this life. ^'^^^• 

Now without Ludgate lyeth the south end of the olde Bayly, Subnrbe with 
then down Ludgate hill by Fleet lane, ouer Fleet bridge, vp ^"^Lndgate. 
Fleetestreete by Shooe lane, Fewtars lane, Newstreet or 
Chauncerie lane, and to Shire lane by the Barre on the right 
hand. And from Ludgate on the left hand or south side by 
Bride lane, Water lane, Crokers lane. Sergeants Inne, and the 
new Temple by the barre : all which is of Faringdon Ward as 
is afore shewed. | 

Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster Page 445 

P^EXT without the Barre, the new temple, and Liberties of Liberties of 
the Citty of London, in the Suburbes, is a libertie pertayning ^^Jl^^^^^. 
to the Dutchie of Lancaster, which beginneth in the east, on pie bam, the 
the south side or left hand by the riuer Thames, and stretcheth (^^f. 
west to luie bridge where it endeth, and againe on the north 
side or right hand, some small distance without Temple barre 
in the high streete from a payre of stockes there standing, 
stretcheth one lai^e middle row or troupe of small tenementes, 
partly opening to the south, partly towardes the north, vp west 
to a stone crosse, now headles, ouer against the Strand, and 
this is the boundes of that libertie, which sometime belonged 
to Briane Lisle, since to Peter of Sauoy, and then to the 
house of Lancaster, as shall be shewed : Henry the third in 
the 30. yeare of his raigne did graunt to his vnckle Peter of 
Sauoy all those houses vpon the Thames, which sometimes 
pertayned to Briane de Insula, or Lisle, without the Walles 

* sollars] i6j^ ; sellars t6o^ 



92 Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster 

Stnndftraet of his Cittie of London, in the way or streete called the 

Petri de ' Strand, to hold to him and to his heyres, yedding yearely 

Stbaud. in the Exchequer at the feast of S. Michaell Tharchangdl, 

three barbed arrowes for all seruices. Dated at Reding, &c. 

This Peter of Sauoy builded the Sauoy. 

Monnmenu But first amongst other buildinges memorable for greatnes 

2^^*°^ on the riuer of Thames, Excester house, so called for that the 

Exce^ same belonged to the Bishoppes of Excester, and was their 

Pa«t hoSe, ''^^ ^^ London lodging : who was first builder thereof I haue 

Lester hoMc, not read, but that Walter StapleUm was a greate Builder there 

hoose. ^ in ^^ raigne of Edward the second is manifest, for the 

Cittizens of London when they had beheaded him in Cheape 

neare vnto the cathedrall Church of S. Paule, they buried him 

in a heape of Sand or rubbish in his owne house without 

Page 446 Temple barre, where I he had made great building. Edtnand 

Lade Bishoppe of Excester builded the great hall in the raigne 

of Henry the 6, &c. The same hath since beene called Paget 

house, because William Lord Paget enlarged and possessed 

it. Then Leycester house^ because Robert Dudley Earle of 

Leycester of late new builded there, & now Essex house of 

the Earle of Essex lodging there. . 

Chapleofthe Then west was a Chappie dedicated to the Holy Ghost, 

^ ^ * called saint Spirite, vppon what occasion founded I haue not 

read. 

MUford lane. Next is Milford lane downe to the Thames, but why so 

called I haue not read as yet. 
Biihoppeof Then was the Bishop of Bathes Inne, lately new builded, 
orAmndell' ^^ ^ great part thereof, by the Lord Thomas Seamer 
hotiM. Admirall, which house came sithens to bee possessed by the 

Earle of Arundel, and thereof called Arundell house. 
Next beyond the which on the street side was somtime 
Paniah chnrch a faire cemitorie or churchyeard, and in the same a parrish 
th^uanX ** Church called of the Natiuity of our Lady and the Innocents 
of the Strand, & of some by meane of a Brotherhood kept 
there, called of S. Vrsula at the Strand. 
And neare adioyning to the sayd church betwixt it and the 
Cb^en Inne, rfuer of Thames, was an Inne of Chancery commonly called 
Inne, an Inne Chestcrs Inne, (because it belonged to the Bishop of Chester) 
of Chancery, ^y others named of the sdtuation Strand Inne. 



Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster 93 

Then was there an house belonging to the Bishop of The Bailiop o 
Landaffe, for I find in record the 4. of Edwarde the %. that \^^ '^ 
a vacant place lying neare the church of our Lady at Strand, 
the sayde Bishop procured it of Thcmas Earle of Lancaster 
for the enlarging of this house. 

Then had yee in the high streete a fayre bridge called 
Strand bridge, and vnder it a lane or way down to the landing stnnd bridge, 
place on the banke of Thames. 

Then was the Bishoppe of Chester (commonly called of Bishop of 
Lichfield zxiA Ccuentrie)his Inne or London lodging : this house ^^f**^** 
was first builded by Walter Langton Bishoppe of Chester, 
treasurer of England in the raigne of Edward the first. 

And next vnto it adioyning was the Bishop of Warcesters \ 
Inne : all which, to wit the parrish of Saint Mary at Strande, Page 447 
Strand Inne, Strand Bridge with the lane vnder it, the Bishop 
of Chesters Inne, the Bishoppe of Worcesters Inne, with all 
the tenementes adioyning^ were by commandement of Edward 
Duke of Sommerset vncle to Edward the sixt, and Lord 
Protector pulled downe, and made leuell ground, in the yeare 
1549. In place whereof he builded that large and goodly house, Somenet- 
now called Somerset house. hoxa^ 

In the high street neare vnto the Strande, sometime stoode 
a crosse of stone against the Bishoppe of Couentrie or Chester stooe crotse 
his house, whereof I read that in the yeare 1 394. and diuers ^ ^^^^^ 
other times, the lustices Itenerantes sate without London, at the 
stone Crosse ouer against the Bishop of Couentries house, & 
somtime they sate in the Bishops house, which was hard by 
the strand as is afore sayd. 

Then next is the Sauoy, so called of Peter Earle of Sauoy SanoyhooM, 
and Richmond, sonne to Thomas Earle of Sauoy, brother to ^^^"^le 
Boniface Archbishop of Canterbury, and vncle vnto Heleanor of Sauoy and 
wife to king H. the third. Richmond. 

He first builded this house in the yeare 1 245. And here is 
occasion offered mee, for satisfying of some Denyers thereof, 
to proue that this Peter of Sauoy was also Earle of Sauoy. 
Wherfore out of a booke of the Genealogies of all the whole 
house of Sauoy, compiled of Phillebert Pingonio^ Baron of 
Suzani, remayning in the handes of W. Smithy alias Rouge- 
dragon^ officer of Armes, I haue gathered this. Thomas Earle 



94 Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster 

Thommi Earle of Sauoy had issue by Beatrix^ daughter to A imon Earle of 
^^^^^ Geneva, 9. sons & 3. daughters: Amadts his first son suc- 
^occasioD. ceeded Earle of Sauoy in the yeare 1253. Peter his second 

son, Earle of Sauoy & of Richmond, in 1368. Philip his third 

Sonne, Earle of Sauoy and Bui^ndie, 1 284. Thomas the 4. 

Earle of Flaunders and prince of Piemont, Boniface the eight, 

Beatrix sister Archbishop of Canterbury, Beatrix his daughter maried to 

o^lw^f"^* J^^^oftd Beringarius of Aragon, Earle of Prouince and Nar- 

motherto bone, had issue & was mother to fiue Queenes: The first, 

ve c^ueenes* Margaret^ wife to Lewes king of Fraunce, a. Elianor wife to 

Henry the 3. king of England, 3. Sanctia^ wife to Riclmrd 
Page 448 king of Romaines, 4. Beatrix wife to Charles \ king of Naples, 

5. lohanna wife to Philip king of Nauarre. 
Fratres de To return again to the house of Sauoy, Queene Eleanor^ 

S^priJl^d*e ^^f^ *^ '^^"B ^^^^ *® *^^^' purchased this place afterwards 

Comutoby of the Fratemitie or Brethren of Montioy, vnto whome 

thelSwTC?* P^/^r of Sauoy, as it seemeth, had giuen it, for her sonne 

Edmonde Earle of Lancaster, (as M. Camden hath noted out 

of a Register booke of the Dukes of Lancaster). Henry Duke 

H. Knighton, of Lancaster repayred or rather new builded it with the 

chai^;es of 52,000. Markes, which money he had gathered 

together at the Town of Bridgerike.* 

lohn the French king was lodged there, in the yeare 1357. 

and also in the yeare 1363. for it was at that time the fayrest 

Mannor in England. 

H.Knighton. In the yeare 1381. the rebelles of Kent and Essex burnt 

Sanoy brent, this house, vnto the which there was none in the realme to bee 

Q^JJ^JJJ^*^ compared in beauty and statelines, (sayth mine Author). 

Rebels, more They set fire on it round about, and made proclamation that 

^oetons, none, on payne to loose his head, should conuert to his own 

myleidl vse any thing that there was, but that they should breake 

such plate and vessell of Gold and siluer as was founde in 

that house (which was in great plentie) into small peeces, and 

throw the same into the riuer of Thames : Precious stones they 

should bruse in mortars, that the same might bee to no vse, 

and so it was done by them : One of their companions they 

burned in the fire, because he minded to haue reserued one 

goodly peece of plate. 

* Bergerac 



pt FreDcb. 

I 



f^iberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster 95 

They found there certatne barrels of Gunpowder, which they Libom 
thought had beene golde or siluer, and throwing them into ^'^ 
the fire, more suddenly then they thought, the Hall was 
blowne vppe, the houses destroyed, and themselues very 
hardly escaped away. 

This house being thus defaced, and almost ouerthrown by 
these rebelles for malice they bare to lohn of Gaunt Duke of 
Lancaster, of latter time came to the kings hands, and was 
again raysed and beautifully builded, for an Hospitall of 5'. 
lohn Baptist, by king Henry the seuenth, about the yeare 
1509. for the which Hospitall, retayning still the old name of Sanoyhi 
Sauoy, he purchased lands to be imployed vpon the relecuing '""' °*P' * 
of an hundred poor people. This \ Hospitall being valued to ragi 449 
dispend 529 pound, fifteene shillings, &c. by yeare, was sup- Haipiuiiof 
pressed the tenth of lune. the seuenth oi Edward the sixtj^J^^P" 
the beddes, bedding and other furniture belonging thereunto 
with seuen hundred markes of the said landes by yeare, hee ^^H 
gaue to the Cittizens of London, with his house of Bridewell, ^^H 
to the furnishing thereof to be a workehouse for the poore ^^| 
and idle persons, and towards the furnishing of the Hospital 
of S. Thomas in Southwarkc lately suppressed. 

This Hospitall of Sauoy was agalne new founded, erected, Hospitall of 
corporated and endowed with landes by Queene Mary, the foVadlibn"'^" 
thirde of Nouember: in the fourth of her raigne one lackson Omeoi. 
tookc possession, and was made maister thereof in the same ^^^ 

moneth of Nouember. The Ladies of the Court, and Maydens ^^^M 
of honour (a thing not to be forgotten) stored the same of ^^H 
new with beddes, bedding and other furniture, in very ample ^^^ 

manner, &c. and it was by patent so confirmed at Westminster, 
the 9. of May, the 4. and 5. of Philip and Mary. 

The Chappell of this Hospitall serueth now as a Parish Pairish church 
church to the Tenements thereof neare adioymng and others. iheSsooy. " 

The next was sometime the Bishoppe of Carliles Inne, Bishop of 
which now belongeth to the Earle of Bedford, and is called inne. or 
Russell or Bedford house. It stretchcth from the Hospitall Be^fwi '"'"se, 
of Sauoy, west to luie bridge, where sir Robert Cecill, principall 
Secretary to her Maiestie, hath lately raysed a lai^c and ^^^H 
stately house of brick and timber, as also leuiled and paued ^^^| 
the high way nearc adioining, to the great beautifying of that ^^H 



96 Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster 

street, and commoditie of passengers. Richard the 2. in the 
8. of his raigne, granted licence to paue with stone the high 
way called Strand street from Temple barre to the Sauoy, 
and tole to be taken towards the charges, and again the like 
was granted in the 24. of H. the 6. 

luie bridge in the high street which had a way vnder it, 
leading downe to the Thames, the like as somtime had the 
Strand bridge, is now taken downe, but the lane remayneth as 
afore, or better, & parteth the Liberty of the Dutchie, and the 
Citty of Westminster on that south side. 

Now to b^inne againe at Temple Barre ouer against it. 

In the high streete as is afore shewed, is one large Middle 

Pagt4so Rowe of I houses and small Tenementes builded, partly 

opening to the South, partlie towardes the north. Amongst 

Parish church the which standeth the parrish Church of saint Clement Danes ^ 

ofS^lcment ^^ called because Harolde a Danish king and other Danes 

were buried there. This Harolde whome king Canutus had 

by a Concubine, raigned three yeares, and was buried at 

Westminster, but afterwarde Hardicanutus the lawfull sonne 

of Canutus ^ in revenge of a displeasure done to his mother, by 

expelling her out of the Realme, and the murder of his brother 

Allured^ commaunded the body of Harolde to bee digged out 

of the earth, and to bee throwne into the Thames, where it 

was by a Fisherman taken vppe and buried in this Church- 

yeard : but out of a fayre leager Booke, sometime belonging 

Liber to the Abbey of Chartsey, in the Countie of Surrey, is noted 

Charticy. j^ \^ Francis Thin, after this sorte. In the raigne of king 

Etheldredy the Monastery of Chartsey was destroyed. 90. 

Monkes of that house were slayne by the Danes ^ whose bodyes 

were buried in a place next to the Olde Monastery. William 

W.Malmes. Malmseberie sayeth^ they burnt the Church together with the 

Monkes and Abbot. But the Danes continuing in their fury 

{throughout the whole lande) desirous at the length to returne 

Danes slaine home into Denmorke, were by the iust iudgement of God all 

g^.^Clement ^^^^ ^^ London in a place which is called the Church of the 

Danes. 
Headies croise This sayde middle row of houses stretching west to a Stone 
by the Strand. Crosse, now headies. by or aflnlMt the Strand, including the 
sayd tMM idKdy of the liber- 



The Citie of IVestminster 97 

Thus much for the Boundes and antiquities of this libertie, 
wherein I haue noted Parrish Churches twaine, sometime 3. 
houses of name 6. to wit, the Sauoy, or Lancaster house, now 
an Hospitall, Somerset house, Essex house, Arundell house, 
Bedford or Russell house» and sir Robert Cecils house, besides 
Chesters Inne or Strand Inne, sometime an Inne of Chan- 
eerie, &c. This liberty is gouemed by the Chanceler of that Chanoelor of 
Dutchie, at this present Sir Robert Cecill knight, principall i2^^^ ""^ 
Secretary to her Maiestie, & one of her Maiesties most 
honorable priuie Councellers. There is vnder him a Steward 
that keepeth court | and Leete for the Queene, g^iueth the^^^^j/ 
charge and taketh the oathes of euerie vnder Officer : then is 
there 4. Burgesses, and 4. assistants to take vp controuersies, 
a Bayliffe which hath a. or 3. vnder Bailiffes, that make 
arrests within that libertie, 4. Constables, 4. Wardens that 
keepe the lands and Stocke for the poore, 4. wardens for high 
wayes, a lury or Inquest of 14. or 16. to present defaults, 4. 
Alecunners, which looke to Assisse of weightes & measures &c. 
4. Scauengers and a Beadle, and their common Prison is 
Newgate. There is in this liberty 50. men which is alwayes 
to be at an howers warning, with all necessary furniture to 
seme the Queene, as occasion shall require. Their charge at 
a Fifteene is 13.8. 4.d. Thus much for the Suburbe in the 
libertie of the Dutchie of Lancaster. 

The Citie of Westminster with the Antiquities, 
Boundes, and Liberties thereof 

Now touching the City of Westminster, I wil beginne at 
Temple Barre, on the right hand or North side, and so passe 
vppe West, through a Backe lane or streete, wherein doe stande 
three Innes of Chancery, the first called Clements Inne, because Clemenu 
jt standeth neare to saint Clements church, but nearer to the ^l^^rie. 
fayre fountaine called Clements well : the second, New Inne, so ciementi well, 
called as latelier made of a common hostery, and the signe of cheery. 
our Lady, an Inne of Chancery for Students, then the other, to 
wit about the beginning of the raigne of Henry the 7. and not 
so late as some haue supposed, to wit, at the pulling downe of 

STOW. II H 



98 The Citie of IVestminster 

Strand Inne, in the raigne of king Edivard the sixt, for I read 
that sir Thotnas More, sometime Lord Chancellor, was a Student 
in this new Inne, and went from thence to Lincolnes Inne, &c. 

Lyons inne of The thirde is Lyons Inne, an Inne of Chancery also. This 

Pr^^^e. street stretcheth vppe vnto Drury lane, so called, for that there 
is a house belonging to the Familie of the Druries. This lane 

Page 4S2 tumeth North towarde S. | Giles in the field. From the south 
end of this lane in the high street are diuerse £aire buildings, 
Hosteries, and houses for Gentlemen, and men of honor, 

Cicili house, amongst the which Cicile house is one, which sometime 
belonged to the Parson of S. Martins in the fielde, and by 
composition came to Sir Thotnas Painter knight in the raign 
of Edward the sixt, who bq^an to builde the same of Bricke 
and Timber, very large and spacious, but of later time it hath 
beene farre more beautifully encreased by the late sir William 
Cicile Baron of Burghley, Lord Treasurer, and great counseller 
of the estate. 

From thence is now a continuall new building of diuers 

Bedford house. fa3rre houses, euen vp to the Earle of Bedfords house lately 
builded nigh to luy Bridge, and so on the north side to 

Pirish church a lane that tumeth to the parish Church of S. Martins in the 

r/L^cld^ field, in the liberty of Westminster. Then had ye an house 
wherein somtime were distraught and lunatike people, of what 
antiquity founded, or by whom I haue not read, neither of the 
suppression, but it was said that sometime a king of England, 
not liking such a kind of people to remaine so neare his pallace, 
caused them to be remoued farther of, to Bethlem without 

An house be- Bishops gate of London, and to that Hospitall the said house 

^g|^*^ by Charing crosse doth yet remaine. 

The Meuse by Then IS the Mewse, so called of the kinges Faulchons there 

^^* kept by the kinges Faulconer, which of olde time was an office 
of great account, as appeareth by a Recorde of Richard the 
second, in the first yeare of his raigne : Sir Simon Burley 
knight was made Constable for the castles of Windsor, Wig- 
more, and Guilford, and of the Manor of Kenington, and also 
master of the kings Faulcons at the Mewse neare vnto Charing 
crosse by Westminster. But in the yeare of Christ 1534. the a6. 
of H. the 8. the king hauing faire stabling at Lomsbery (a 
Manor in the farth t of 01dbome),the same was 



The Citie of IVestminster 99 

fiered and burnt, with many great horses, and great store of 
Hay. After which time, the forenamed house called the 
Mewse by Charing crosse was new builded, and prepared for The Mewse 
stabHng of the kings horses, in the raigne of Edward the sixt r^subUo^o 
and Queene Mary^ and so remaineth to that vse, and this is the ^^ ^^i^^ 
farthest building West on the North side of that high streete. 



On the southside of the which street, in the liberties o( Pagt4ss 
Westminster (beginning at luie Bridge), first is Durham house, The Bishop 
builded by Thomas HatfieUe Bishop of Durham, who was made 2o^.'*^°^ 
Biflhc^ of that sea in the yeare 1345. and sat Bishop there 36. 
yeares. 

Amongst maters memorable concerning this house, this is 
one. In the yeare of Christ 1540. the 32 of Henry the eight, on 
May day, a great and triumphant lusting was holden at West- lasting feast 
minster, wluch had been formerly proclamed in France, Jj^J^'***"' 
Flanders, Scotland and Spaine, for all commers that woulde 
vndertake the diallei^ers of England, which were sir lokn 
Dudley, sir Thomas Seymer^ sir Thmtas Po(^y)n%ngs, and sir 
George Carew knights, and Anthonie Kingston, and Richarde 
Cromwell Esquiers, all which came into the Lists that day richly 
apparelled and their horses trapped al in white Veluet : there 
came against them the sayde day 46. Defendants, or Vnder- 
takers, vz. the Earle of Surrey formost, Lorde William Howard, 
Lord Clinton, and Lord Cromwell, sonne and heyre to Thomas 
Cromwell Earle of Essex, and Chamberlaine of England, with 
other, and that day, after the lustes performed, the Chalengers 
rode vnto this Durham house, where they kept open house- 
hold, and feasted the King and Queene, with her Ladies, and 
all the Court : the second Azy Anthonie Kingston and Richard 
Cromwell were made knights there : the thirde day of May 
the said Chalengers did Tumey on horsebacke with swordes, 
and against them came 49. Defendants : sir Ichn Dudley, and 
the Earle of Surrey, running first, which at the first course 
lost their Gauntlets, and diat day sir Richarde Cromwell 
ouerthrew maister Palmer and his horse in the field, to the 
great honor of the chalengers, the fift of May the Chalengers 
fought on foote at the Barriers, and against them came 50. 
Defendants, which fought valiantly : but sir Richard Cromwell 
ouerthrew that day at the Barriers master Culpepper in the 

H % 



lOO 



The Citie of IVestminster 



Pencioiierf. 



The Bishop of 
Norwich hii 
house. 



Hospttall of 

S.Mai7 

Ronncinall. 



HenntUee 
vrith a Cbap< 
pdl of Saint 
Katherine. 
Charing 
crotie. 



field, and the sixt day the Chalengers brake vp their hous- 
hold. 

In this time of their housekeeping they had not onely feasted 
the King, Queene, Ladies, and all the Court, as is afore shewed : 
but also they cheared all the Knightes and Burgesses of the 
com|mon house in the Parliament, and entertained the Maior 
of London with the Aldermen and their wiues at a dinner, &c. 
The king gaue to euery of the said chalengers, and their heyres 
for euer, in reward of their valiant actiuitie, one hundred markes, 
and a house to dwell in, of yearely reuenue, out of the landes 
pertayning to the Hospitall of S. lohn of Jerusalem. 

Next beyond this Durham house is another great house 
somtime belonging to the Bishop of Norwich, and was his 
London lodging, which nowe pertaineth to the Archbishop 
of Yorke by this occasion. In the yeare 1529, when Cardinall 
Wolsey Archbishop of Yorke was indited in the Premunirey, 
whereby King Henry the eight was entituled to his goodes 
and possessions : hee also seazed into his hands the said Arch- 
bishops house, commonly called Yorke place, and changed 
the name thereof into White hal : whereby the Archbishops 
of Yorke being dispossessed, and hauing no house of repayre 
about London, Queene Marie gaue vnto Nicholas Heth then 
Archbishop of Yorke, and to his successors, SufTolke house in 
Southwarke, lately builded by Charles Brandon^ Duke of 
SufTolke, as I haue shewed. 

This house the said Archbishop sold, and bought the afore- 
sayd house of old time belonging to the Bishops of Norwich, 
which of this last purchase is now called Yorke house : the 
Lord Chauncellors or Lord Keepers of the greate Seale of 
England haue beene lately there lodged. 

Then was there an Hospitall of S. Marie Raunciuall by 
Charing Crosse (a Cell to the Priorie and Couent of Raunciuall 
in Nauar in Pampelian Dioces) where a Fraternitie was founded 
in the 15. of Edward the 4. but now the same is suppressed 
and turned into tenements. 

Neare vnto this Hospitall was an Hermitage, with a chappell 
of S. Katherine^ ouer against Charing crosse, which crosse, 
builded of stone, was of old time a fa)^e peece of worke there 
made by commanc ' ' ^lard the first, in the 21. yeare 



The Citie of JVestminster loi 

of his raigne, in memorie of Helianor his deceased Queene, as 
is before declared. 

West from this Crosse stoode sometime an Hospitall of Hofpitall of 
saint lames^ consisting of two hydes of lande with the appur- ^^'^^ ^*"*** 
tenances | in the parish (of) 5. Margaret in Westminster, and Page 4ss 
founded by the Citizens of London, before the time of any 
mans memory, for 14. sisters maidens that were leprouse, h'uing 
chastly and honestly in diuine seruice. 

Afterwards diuers Citizens of London gaue sixe and fifty li. 
rent therevnto, and then were adioyned eight brethren to 
minister diuine seruice there. After this also sundry deuout 
men of London gaue to this Hospitall foure Hides of land in 
the field of Westminster, and in Hendon, Calcote, and Hamp- 
sted, eighty acres of land and Woode, &c. King Edward the 
first confirmed those giftes, and granted a Fayre to be kept s. lunes Fayr 
on the Eue of saint lames^ the day, the morrowe, and foure ^^' ^* ^*^**' 
dayes following, in the e^hteenth of his raigne. 

This Hospitall was surrendred to Henry the eight, the three 
and twentieth of his raigne, the sisters being compounded with 
were allowed Pensions for tearme of their liues, and the king 
builded there a goodly Mannor, annexing thereunto a Parke, 
closed about with a wall of bricke, now called saint lames S. lames 
Parke, seruing indifferently to the said Mannor, and to the ^' *' 
Mannor or Pallace of White Hall. 

South from Charing crosse on the right hand, are diuers 
fayre houses lately builded before the Parke, then a large Tilt Tvit yarde at 
yard for Noblemen and other to exercise themselues in lusting, ***°™^*''- 
Turnkey )ingS and fighting at Barryers. 

On the left hand from Charing Crosse bee also diuers fayre 
Tenements lately builded, till ye come to a laige plotte of 
ground inclosed with bricke, and is called Scotland, where ScoUand, a 
great buildings hath beene for receipt of the kings of Scotland, £,^^iel!^"" 
and other estates of that countrey : for Margaret Queene of 
Scots and sister to King Henry the eight, had her abiding 
there, when she came into England after the death of her 
husband, as the kings of Scotland had in former times, when 
they came to the Parliament of England 

* Tiumeying] t6j3; Turning /j^, 1603 



I02 



The Citie of IVestminster 



White hall. 



Page 4s6 



Tennis courts, 

Bowling 

Allies, 

and Cocke pit. 



Long ditch. 
S. Stephens 
Ally. 



T.ClUbid. 



Record. 
No iiloer to 
be transported. 



Then is the said White Hal sometime belonging to Hubert 
de Burgh Earle of Kent, and lusticier of England, who gaue 
it to the blacke Fryers in Oldbome, as I haue before noted. 
King H. the eight ordayned it to be called an Honor> and 
builded there a | sumptuous Gallery and a beautifull Gate house, 
thwart the high streete to saint latnes Parke, &c. 

In this Gallory the Princes with their Nobility vse to stand 
or sit, and at Windowes to behold all triumphant lustings, 
and other military exercises. 

Beyond this Gallery on the left hand is the garden or 
orchyard belonging to the said White Hall. 

On the right hand be diuers fayre Tennis courtes, bowling 
allies, and a Cocke pit, al built by king Henry the eight, and 
then one other arched gate with a way ouer it thwarting the 
street from the kings gardens to the said parke. 

From this gate vp Kings streete, to a bridge ouer Long 
ditch (so called for that the same almost insulateth the City of 
Westminster) neare which bridge is a way leading to Chanon 
Row, so called for that the same belonged to the Deane and 
Chanons of 5. Stephens chappell, who were there lodged, as now 
diuers Noblemen and Gentlemen be : Whereof one is belong- 
ing to sir Edward Hobby^ one other to lohn Thine Esquier, 
once stately builded by Anne Stanhop Dutches of Somerset, 
mother to the Earle of Hartford, who now enioyeth that house. 
Next, a stately house now in building by William Earle of 
Darby, ouer s^ainst the which is a fayre house builded by 
Henry Clinton Earle of Lincolne. 

From this way vp to the Woolestable and to the high 
Tower, or gate which entreth the pal lace court, all is replen- 
ished with buildings and inhabitantes. 

Touching this Woolestable, I reade that in the raigne of 
E. the first, the Staple being at Westminster, the parrishioners 
of 5. Margaret and Marchants of the Staple builded of new 
the said church, the great Chancell excepted, which was lately 
before new builded by the Abbot of Westminster. 

Moreouer that Edward the third, in the 17. of his raigne, 
decreed that no siluer bee carried out of the Realme on paine 
of death. And that whosoeuer transporteth wooU, should bring 
r for euery sacke foure nobles of siluer Bullion. 



The Citie of JVestminster 103 

In the 7,^ of his raigne he appointed the Staple of Wool! to 
be kept onely at Canterbury, for the honour of S* Thomas, 
But in the ay. of the same king E. the Staple of Wooll, before 
kept at Bruges \ in Flanders, was ordayned by Parliament to Page 4si 
be kept in diuera places of England, Wales and Ireland, as at 
New Castle, Yorke, Lincolne, Canterbury, Norwich, West-* 
minster, Chichester, Winchester, Excester, Bristow, Carmardyn, 
&c. to the great benefit of the king, & losse vnto strangers & 
marchants. For there grew vnto tlie king by this meanes (as 
it was said) the summe of looo a hundred and two pounds by 
the yeare, more then any his predecessors before had receiued : 
the Staple at Westminster at that time b^;an on the next Wool staple a 
morrow after the feast of 5. Peter Ad vincula. The next yeare " 
was granted to the king by Parliament towardes the recQuery Robert de 
of his title in France, fifty shillings of euery sacke of wool A'*^*"*^* 
transported ouer seas, for the space of sixe yeares next ensuing, 
by meanes whereof the king might dispend daily during those 
yeares more then a thousand markes starling. For by the 
common opinion there were more then loocco. sackes of 
Wooll yearely transported into forraine landes, so that during 
sixe yeares the said grant extended to fifteene hundred 
thousand pound starling. 

In the 37. of Edward the third it was granted vnto him for 
two yeares to take sixe and twenty shillings eight pence, vpon 
euery sack of Wool transported, and the same yeare the staple 
of wooll (notwithstanding the kings oath and other great Staole at 
estates) was ordained to be kept at Callis, and sixe and twenty fgme. 
Marchants, the best and wealthiest of all England, to be 
farmers there, both of the Towne and Staple, for three yeares, 
euery Marchant to haue sixe men of Armes, and foure Archers 
at the kings cost. He ordained there also two Maiors, one for 
the towne, and one for the Staple, and he tooke for tnala capta^ 
commonly called Maltorthf twenty shillings, and of the said 
Marchants Gardians of the Towne forty pence, vpon euery 
sacke of Wooll. 

In the 44. of Edward the third, Quinborough, Kingston 
vpon Hull, and Boston, were made Staples of Wooll, which 
matter so much offended some that in the 50. of his raigne, in 
a Parliament at London, it was complained that the staple of 



I04 The Citie of IVestminster 

Record. WooU was so remoued from Callis to diuers townes in England, 

contrary to the statute appointing that citizens and Marchants 
should keepe it there, and that the king might haue the profits 
and customes with the exchange of gold and siluer that was 

Pag9 4j8 there made, by al the Marchants | in Christindome (esteemed 
to amount to Sooo.li. by yeare the exchange onely) : and the 
Citizens and Marchants so ordred the matter that the king 
spent nothing vpon souMiers neither vpon defence of the 
towne against the enemies, whereas now he spent SoooJi. by 
yeare. 

In the 51. of Edward the third, when the Staple was setled ^ 
at Callis, the Maior of the Staple did furnish the Captaine of 
the towne vpon Enirode' with 100. Bilmen, 1200. Archers of 
Marchants and their seruants, without any wages. 

Manuscript In the yeare 1388. the twelfth of Richard the second, in 
a Parliament at Cambridge, it was orda)med that the Staple 

French of Wooles should be brought from Middlebrough in Holland 

WooU staples ^ rollts 
at Middle. ^^ ^aillS. 

borough. In the fourteenth of his raigne there was granted 40.S. vpon 

euery sacke of wooll, and in the 21. was graunted 50.S. vpon 

euery sacke transported by english men, and three pound by 

Staple Mar- strangers, &c. It seemeth that the Marchants of this Staple 

mostandentst be the most ancient Marchants of this Realme, and that all 

ofUiisiealme. commodities of the realm are Staple Marchandizes by law 

and Charter, as Wooles, Leather, Wool-fels, Lead, Tyn, 

cloth, &C. 

King Henry the sixt had sixe wooll houses within the staple 
at Westminster : those he granted to the Deane and Cannons 
of saint Stephen at Westminster, and confirmed it the %i. of 
his raigne. Thus much for the Staple haue I shortly noted. 

And now to passe to the famous Monastery of Westminster : 

at the very entrance of the Close thereof, is a lane that leadeth 

Theening lane, toward the west, called Theeuing lane, for that theeues were 

led that way to the Gate house, while the sanctuary continued 

in force. 

This Monastery was founded and builded by Sebert king of 
the East Saxons, vpon the perswasion of Ethelbert king of 

^ letled] 1633 s sealed 1603 

1603; any Rode, 1633 



The Citie of fVestminster 105 

Kent, who bauing embraced Christianity, and being baptized Foundation < 
by Melitus Bishop of London : immediately (to shew himselfe JJ^bSt^ 
a christian indeed) built a church to the honour of God and Christian kin 
5. Peter ^ on the west side of the city of London, in a place wor^bn^ to 
(which because it was ouergrowne with thomes, and enuironed ^^^ 
with water) the Saxons called Tharney^ and now of the 
Monastery and west scituation thereof is called Westminster. | Ph^ 4S9 

In this place (saith Sulcardus) long before was a Temple of Sulcardus. 
Apollo y which being ouerthrowne, king Lucius built therin 
a church of Christianity. 

Sebert was buried in this church, with his wife Athelgoda^ 
whose bodies many yeares after, to wit in the raigne ol Richard 
the second (saith Walsingham) were translated from the old Walsingham 
church to the new, and there enterred. 

Edgar king of the west Saxons repayred this Monastery 
about the yeare of Christ, 958. E. the Confessor builded it 
of new, whereupon T. Clifford writeth thus. 

Without the waUes of London {saith hee) vpon the Riuer ofT. Clifford. 
Thames^ there was in times passed a little Monastery^ builded 
to the honour of God and Saint Peter, with a few Benedict 
Monies in it, vnder an Abbot, seruing Christ: very poore they 
were, and little was giuen them for their relief e. Here the 
King entended {for that it was neare to the famous Cittie of 
London and the Riuer of Thames, that brought in all kinde 
of Marchandizes from all partes of the worlde) to make his 
Sepulcher, Hee commaunded therfore that, of the tenthes of all 
his rentes, the worke should bee begunne in such sort as should 
becofne the Prince of the Apostles. 

At this his commandement the worke is fwbly begun, euen 
from the foundation, and happily proceedeth till the same was 
finished: the charges bestowed, or to bee bestowed, are not 
regarded. Hee graunted to this church great priu Hedges, 
aboue all the churches in this land, as partly appeareth by 
this his Charter. 

Gspcapb Cynj jjiacT pillm bifcopc -J Icopfranc -j 
AlpficPop'pyrpcpcn -jeallc minpc buph|;cjn on Lu- 
t)enf:peonblice: AnDic cyj;e cop jl haebbe feo ^i)^a 



io6 The Citie of JVestntinster 

jy;j:cn -J vnnam Cbpifr -j S. PcTcpJ^amhalijan Apof* 
xt\ inTo pcftminftcp : plpa jrpco&omc opp callc j^a 
lanb.j^e ionpj^ int;o ktjiclulipn frop. Sec. 

Edwardit King, greets William^ Bishop, and Leofstane and \ 

Page 460 Aelfsie Portreeues^ and all my Burgesses of London friendly^ 

and I tellyoti that I haue this gift gitsen and granted to Christ 

atid S. Peter the holy Apostle^ at Westminster y fullfreedome ouer 

all the land that belongeth to that holy place ^ &rc. 

Parish church He also cgused the parish church of ^. Margaret to be 

ofS. Margaret. D^^^]y buildcd without the Abby church of Westminster, for 

the ease & commodity of the Monks, because before that time 

the parrish Church stood within the old Abbey church in the 

south Isle, somewhat to their annoyance. 

Mathew Paris. King Henry the third, in the yeare of Christ 1 220j and in 

the fift of his raigne, began the new worke of our Ladies 

Chappell, whereof he layd the first stone in the foundation, 

and in the yeare 1245. ^^ walles and steeple of the old Church 

(builded by king Edward) were taken downe, and inlarging 

the same Church, he caused them to bee made more comely, for 

the furtherance whereof, in the yeare 1246. the same king 

(diuising how to extort money from the Citizens of London 

A Mart at towards the charges) appointed a Mart to bee kept at West- 

Wcitminstcr. minster, the same to last fifteene dayes, and in the meane 

space all trade of Marchandise to cease in the Citty, which 

thing the Citizens were faine to redeeme with two thousand 

pound of siluer. 

The worke of this church, with the houses of Office, was 
finished to the end of the quire, in the yeare 1285. the 14 of 
E. the first. All which labour of 66. yeares, was in the yeare 
Westminster 1^99. defaced by a fire kindled in the lesser Hall of the kinges 
^2^nedf ^ Pallace at Westminster, the same with many other houses 
adioyning, and with the Queenes chamber, were all consumed, 
the flame thereof also (being driven with the wind) fired the 
Monastery, which was also with the pallace consumed. 

Then was this Monastery againe repaired by the Abbots of 
that church, king Edward the first and his successors putting 
to their helping hands. 



The Ciiic of Westminster 107 



I 



I 



Edward the second appropriated vnto this Church the 
patronages of the churches of Kelucden and Sabritsworth ' in 
Essex in the Diocesse of London. 

Siinoii Ltttigham Abbot (hauing beene a great builder there 
in I the yeare 136a.) gaue 400.1i. to the building of the body pugt4^^ 
of the church : but (amongst others) Abbot Islip was in his 
time a great builder there, as may appears in the stone workc 
and glasse windowes of the church. Since whose decease that 
worke hath staied as he left it, vnperfected, the church and 
steeple being all of one height. 

King Hetiry the seuenth, about the yeare of Christ 1502, 
caused the chappel of our Lady, builded by Henry the third, 
with a Tauem also called the White Rose neare adioyning, 
to be taken downe : in which plot of ground, on the 24. of 
lanuary, the first stone of the new chappell was laid by the New chappel 
hands of Abbot Islip, sir Reginald Bray, knight of the Garter, ',',,.. '"'"' 
Doctor Barnes, Maister of the Relies, Doctor Wal, Chaplen 
to the king, Maister Hugh Aldham, Chaplen to the Countess ' 

of Darby and Richmond (the Kinges mother), sir Edward 
Stankop knight, and diuers other: vpon the which stone was 
engrauen the same day and yeare, &c. 

The charges in building this chappell amounted to the summc 
of 14000. pound. The stone for this worke (as 1 haue beene in- 
formed) was brought from Huddleslone Quarrie in Yorkeshire. 

The Altar and sepulture of the same king Henry the 
seuenth, wherein his body resteth in this his new chappel, was 
made & finished in the yeare J519. by one Peter a Painter of 
Florence : for the which he receiued 1000. pound starling for 
the whole stuffe and workmanship, at the hands of the kings 
executors, Richard Bishop of Winchester, Richard Bishop of 
London, Thomas fiishop of Durham, lohn Bishop of Rochester, 
The. Duke of Norfolke, Treasurer of England, Charles Earle 
of Worcester the kinges Chamberlaine, lohn Fineux knight, 
chiefe Justice of the kinges Bench, Robert Reade knight, cheife 
lustice of the Common place. 

This Monastery being valued to dispend by the yeare 3470. 
pound, &c. was surrendrd to Henry the eight, in the yeare 
1539, Benson, then Abbot, was made the first Deanc : and not 
(' bawbridgeworth in Herts) 



io8 The Citie of Westminster 

Wettminster a long after it was aduanced to a Bishoppes Sea, in the yeare 

Biihopi Sea. j^j Tkomos Thurlby being both the first and last Bishop 

there, who when he had impouerished the church, was trans- 

Fage 462 lated to Norwich | In the yeare 1550. the fourth of Edward the 

sixt, and from thence to Elie, in the yeare 1554. the second 

of Queene Mary. Richard Cox Doctor in Diuinity (late 

Schoolemaister to king Edward the 6.) was made Deane of 

Westminster, whome Queene Mary put out, and made Doctor 

Weston Deane, vntiU the yeare 1556, and then he being 

remoued from thence on the 21. of Nouember, lohn Fekenham 

(late Deane of Paules) was made Abbot of Westminster, and 

tooke possession of the same, being installed, and fourteene 

Monks more receiued the habite with him that day of the 

order of saint Benedict : but the said lohn Feckenhanty with his 

Monkes, enioyed not that place fully three yeares, for in the 

yeare 1559. in the Moneth of luly they were ail put out, and 

Westminster Queene Elisabeth made the said Monastery a Colledge, insti- 

JeeUrt dwrch. ^"^^"g there a Deane, twelue Prebends, a Schoolmaister, and 

Usher, 40. schollers called commonly the Queenes scholiers, 

12. Alms men, & so it was named the CoU^iat church of 

Westminster, founded by Queene Elizabeth^ who placed Doctor 

Bil first Deane of that new erection, after whome succeeded 

Doctor Gabriel Goodman^ who gouemed that church forty 

yeares, and after Doctor L. Andrewes. 

King and Q. Kings and Queenes crowned in this church : William sur- 

\(^o^ster "^"^^^ Conqueror^ and Matilde his wife, were the first : and 

since them all other Kings and Queenes of this realme haue 

been there crowned. 

Kings and Q. Kinges and Queenes buried in this Church are these : Sebert 

^^tooLter. ^^"2 ^^ *^ ^*^ Saxons, with his wife Athelgade, Harold 
sumamed HarefotCy king of the West Saxons : Edward the 
simple, sumamed Confessor, sometime richly shrined in a 
S. Edwards Tombe of siluer and Gold, curiously wrought by commaunde- 
^ ^SLw ^r, ment of William the Conqueror : Egitha his wife was there 
buried also. Hugolyn Chamberlaine to Edward the Confessor. 
K. Henry the third, whose sepulture was richly garnished with 
precious stones of lasper, which his sonne Edward the first 
brought out of France for that purpose: Elianor wife to 
Henry the third: Edward the first, who offered to the 



The Citie of IVestminster 109 

shrine of Edward the Confessor the chaire of Marble, 
wherein the Kinges of Scotland were Crowned, with the 
Scepter and Crowne also to the same King belonging. | 
He gaue also to that church landes to the value of 100. P(^ 4^3 
pound by the yeare, 2a pound thereof yearely to be dis- 
tributed to the poore for euer : then there lyeth Eleanor his 
wife, daughter to Ferdinando king of Castile, 1293. Edward 
the third by Queene Phillip of Henault : Richard the second 
and Anne his wife, with their images upon them which cost 
more then foure hundred marks for the guilding : Henry the 
fift with a royall image of siluer and guilt, which Katherine 
his wife caused to bee laid vpon him, but the head of this 
image being of massie siluer is broken off, and conuayed 
away with the plates of siluer and guilte that couered his 
body : Katherin his wife was buried in the old Lady chapel, 
1438. but her corps being taken vp in the raign of Henry the 
7. when a new foundation was to be laid, she was neuer since 
buried, but remayneth aboue ground in a coffin of boordes 
behinde the East end of the Presbyterie h Henry the seuenth 
in a sumptuous Sepulture and Chappell before specified, and 
Elisabeth hb Wife, Edwarde the sixt in the same Chappell 
without any Monument, Queene Mary without any Monu- 
ment, in the same Chappell : MatUde daughter to Malcolme 
king of Scottes, wife to H. the first, dyed 11 18. lyeth in the 
Reuestrie : Anne wife to Richarde the 3. Margaret Countes 
of Richmond and Darby, mother to H. the seuenth. Anne of 
Cleue, wife to Henry the eight. Edmond second son to Henry 
the third, first Earle of Lancaster, Darby, and Leycester, and 
Aueline his wife, daughter and heyre to William de Fartibus 
Earle of Albemarle. In S. Thomas chappell lie the bones of 
the children of Henry the third, and of Edward the first, in 
number nine. In the Chapter house, Elianor Countesse of 
Barre, daughter to Edward the first, William of Windsore 
and Blaunch his sister, children to Edward the thirde, lohn 
of Eltham Earle of Comewell, sonne to Edward the second, 
Elianor wife to Thomas of Woodstocke, Duke of Glocester^ 
Thomas of Woodstocke by king Edward the third his Father, 
Margaret daughter to Edward the fourth, Elisabeth daughter 
to Henry tYit seuenth, William de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, 
^ Her body now lieth in a small place by her husband, unburied i6sj 



I lo The Citie of IVestminster 

A{y)mer de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, Margaret and lohn 
Sonne and daughter to WiUiam de Valence^ lohn Waltham 
Bishop of Saixim, Treasurer of England, Thomas Ruthal 
^ag€ 464 Bishop I of Duiiiam, 1532. Giles Lord Dawbeny^ Lord Lieu- 
tenant of Callice, Chamberlaine to king Henry the seuenth, 
1508. and Elizabeth his wife of the Family of the Arundelles 
in Comwal, 1500. lohn Vicount Welles 1498. The Ladie 
Katherine^ daughter to the Dutches of Norfolke : sir Thomas 
Hungerford knight, Father to sir lohn Hungerford of Down- 
ampney knight : a sonne and daughter to Humfrey Bohun 
Earle of Hereford and Essex, and Elizabeth his wife : Philip 
Dutches of Yorke, daughter to the Lord Moktm^ thrice 
married, to the Lord Fitswalter^ sir lohn Golofer, and to the 
Duke of Yorke : William Dudley Bishoppe elect of Durham, 
Sonne to lohn Baron of Dudley, Nicholas Baron Carow'^y 1470. 
Walter Hungerford^ sonne to Edward Hungerforde knight. 
Sir lohn Burley knight, and Anne his wife, daughter to Alane 
BuxhuU knight, 141 6. sir John Golofer knight, 1396. Hum^ 
frey Burcher^ Lord CromweU^ sonne to Bourchier Earle of 
Essex, slayne at Bamet, Henry Bourchier sonne and heyre to 
lohn Bourchier^ Lord Earners also slayne at Bamet, 1471* 
Sir William Trussell Vnv^X^ Sir Thomas Vaughan knight, 
Francis Brandon Dutchesse of Suflfolke, 1560. Mary Gray 
her daughter, 1578. Sir lohn Hampden Knight, Sir Lewes 
Vicount Robsart knight. Lord Bourchere of HencUt, 1430. and 
his wife daughter and heyre to the Lord Bourchere : Robert 
Brown and William Browne Esquers: The Lady lohane 
Tokyne daughter of D abridge court \ George Mortimer Bas- 
tarde, lohn Felbye Esquier, Anne wife to lohn Watkins^ 
WiUiam Soutkmke Esquier, WiUiam Southcot Esquier* Raph 
Constantine Gentleman, Arthur Troffote Esquier, Robert 
Hawley Esquier, slaine in that Church, sir Richarde Rouse 
knight, sir Geffrey Maundeuile Earle of Essex, and Athelarde 
his wife. Sir Foulke of Newcastle, Sir lames Barons knight. 
Sir lohn Satisbery kn^ht, Margaret Dowglas Countesse of 
Lineaux *, with Charles her sonne, Earle of Lineaux, Henrie 
SccgaHf a learned Poet, in tiie Cloysttr : Geffrey Chaucer ^ the 
most famous Poet of England, also in the Qoyster, 1400. but 
* Carow] iS9^s Carew /dc^ . * Leucnox i6^s 



The Citic of IVesfminster 1 1 r 

since Nicholas Brigham Gentleman raysed a Monumente for 
him in the South Crosse lie of the Church : his workes were 1 Page 4ts 
partly published in Prim by William Caxton in the raigne of 
Henry the sixt, increased by William Tkinnc Esquier, in the 
raigne of Henry the eight : corrected and twise encreased 
through mine owne paynefuU labors, in the raigne of Queene 
Elisabeth, to witte in the yeare 1561. and againe, beautJ6ed 
with notes by me collected out of diuers Recordes and Monu- 
ments, which 1 deliuered to my louing friend Thomas Speight, 
and hce hauing drawne the same into 3 good forme and 
Methode, as also explayned the otde and obscure wordes, &c. 
hath published them in Ahmo 1597. 

Anne Stanhope Dutches of Sommerset, and lane her 
daughter, Anne Cecill Countesse of Oxford, daughter to the 
Lorde Burghley, with Mildred Burghley her Mother, Elisabeth 
Barkley Countesse of Ormonde, Frauncis Sidney Countesse 
of Sussex, Francis Howard Countesse of Hertford, 1598. 
Thomas Baron Wentworth, Thomas Baron Wharton, John 
lord Ritssel, sir Thomas Brontley Lord Chauncellor, sir lohn 
Puckering Lord Keeper, Sir Henry Cary Lord Hunsdon, and 
Lord Ckamberlayne, 1596. to whose memory his sonne sir 
George Cary lord Hunsdon and lord Chamberlainc, hath 
erected a stately monument. 

This church hath had great priuiledge of Sanctuary within Sancwuy mt 
the precinct therof, to wit, the church, churchyard and close, "t™"*"* 
&c. from whence it hath not beene lawfull for any prince or 
other, to take any person that fled thether for any cause : 
which priuiledge was first granted by Sebert king of the East 
Saxons, since increased by Edgare king of the West Saxons, 
renewed and confirmed by king Edward the ConfessoTj as 
appeareth by this his Charter following. 

Edward by the grace of God, King of Englishmen : 1 make 
it to he known to all generations of the world after me, that l>y 
spteiail commandemtnt of our holy father Pope Leo, I haiie 
renewed and honored the Italy church of the blessed Apostle S. 
Peter of Westminster, and I order and establish for eucr, that 
what person of -what condition or estate socuer hee be, from 
whence soeuer he come, or for what offence or cause it be, either 
for his refuge into tiie said holy place, he be assu\red of his life, Pagt 466 



112 The Citie of IVestminster 

liberty and Urns: And auer this I forbid vnder the paine of 
euerlasting damnation^ that no Minister of mine or of my 
successors intermeddle them with any the goods, lands or 
possessions of the said persons taking the said sanctuary : for 
I haue taken their goodes Sf liuelode into my speciall protection^ 
and therefore I grant to euery each of them, in as much as ffiy 
terrestriall power may suffice, all maner freedom of ioyous 
libertie, atid whosoeuer presumes or doth contrary to this my 
graunty I will hee lose his name, worship, dignity 6r power, and 
that with the great tray tor ludas that betrayed our Sauiour^ he 
be in the euerlasting fire of hell, and I will and ordayne that 
this my gr aunt endure as long as there remayneth in England, 
eyther hue or dread of christian name. 

More of this sanctuary ye may read in our histories, and 
also in the statute of Henry the 8. the 32. yeare. 

Parish church The parish church of 5. Margaret sometime within the 

ofS.Mtrgtwt. Abbey, was by E. the Confessor remoued, and builded with- 
out, for ease of the Monks. This church continued till the 
daies of E. the i . at what time the marchants of the staple 
and parishioners of Westminster builded it all of new, the 

In thermigne great chancell excepted, which was builded by the Abbots of 
^ ^ ' Westminster, and this rematneth now a fayr parish church, 
though sometime in danger of down pulling : In the south He 
of this church is a fayre marble monument of Dame Mary 
BiUingi the heyre of Robert Nesenham of Conington in 
Huntingtonshire, first married to William Coton, to whose 
issue her inheritance alone discended, remayning with Rob. 
Coton at this day, heyre of her and her first husbandes familie: 
her second husband was sir Thomas Billing chiefe lustice of 
England, & her last, whom likewise she buried, was Thomas 
Lacy, erecting this monument to the memory of her 3. 
husbands, with whose armes she hath garnished it, and for 
her own burial, wherein she was enterred in the yeare 1499. 

Next to this famous Monastery, is the kings principall 
Pallace, of what antiquity it is vncertain : but Edward the 
Confessor held his court there, as may appeare by the testi- 
mony of sundrie, and namely of Ingulphus as I haue before 
told you. The said king had his pallace, and for the most 

P^ie467 remayned there: where hee al|so ended his life, and was 



The Citie of IVestminsiev 



"3 



I 



buried in the Monastery which hec had builded. It is not 
to be doubted, but that king William the first, as hee was 
crowned there, so he builded much at this Pallace, for he 
found it far inferior to the building of princely pallaces 
in France. And it is manifest by the tcstimonie of many 
authors, that W. Rufus builded the great Hall there, about Great hall ai 
the year of Christ 1097. Amongst others, Roger of Win- m^^^HS*. 
douer, and Matkcw Paris, doe write, that king William ^^^m 

(being returned out of Normandy, into England) kept his ^^^| 

feast of Whitsontide very roially at Westminster, in the new ^^^| 

hall which he had lately builded, the length whereof (say 
some) was 370. foote, and seuenty foure foot in bredth, and 
when he heard men say, that this Hall was too great, he Liber Wood- 
answered and said : this hall is not bigge inough by the one ''8«''^^^« 
balfe, and is but a Rcdde chamber in comparison of that ^^^H 

I meane to make : a diligent searcher (saith Paris) might find ^^^^ 

out the foundation of the hal, which he had supposed to haue ' 

builded, stretching from the riuer of Thames euen to the 
common high way. This Pallace was repaired about the Pallace 
yeare 1163. by Thomas Becket Chauncclor of England, with v/^^pit^.' 
exceeding great celerity and speede, which before was ready ^'P''^"' 
to haue fallen downe. This hath beene the principall seat ^^^ 

and Pallace of al the kings of England since the conquest : ^^^| 

for here haue they in the great hall kept their feasts of ^^^| 

coronation especially, and other solemne feasts, as at Christ- ^^^B 

mas and such like most commonly : for proofe whereof, I finde 
Recorded that in the yeare 1236, and the twentieth o^ Henry 
the third, on the %q. of December, William de Haiterhull, KecordTower. 
the kinges Treasurer, is commanded that vpon the day of 
circumcision of our Lord he cause 6000. poore people to be 
fed at Westminster, for the state of the king, the Queene, and 
their children, the weake and aged to be placed in the great 
hall, & in the lesser, those that were most strong and inThevaeoi 
reasonable plight in the kinges chamber, the children in the ^'(^',be'"* 
Queenes, and when the king knoweth the charge he would po»re. 
allow it in the accounts. 

In the yeare 1238. the same king Henry kepte his feast of Maihevr p«iis. 
Christmas at Westminster in the great Hall, so did he in the i/wesH^!" 
year 1341. where he placed the Legate in the most honorable »'" ■""■ 



114 The Citie of JVestminster 

place of the Table, to wit in the midest, which the Noblemen 
Page 468 took in euill | part : the king sate on the right hand, and the 
Archbishop on the left, and then all the Prelates & Nobles 
according to their estates : for the king himselfe set the Guests. 
The yeare 124a, he likewise kept his Christmas in the hall, &c. 
Also in the yeare 1243. -R^^a^^ Earle of Comewall, the kings 
brother, maried Cincia^ daughter to Beatrice Countesse of 
Prouince, and kept his manage feast in the great Hall at 
Westminster, with great royalty and company of noble men : 
insomuch, that there were told {triginta milia) 30000 dishes of 
meates at that dinner. 
H.thc3.»|iitein In the yeare 1256. king Henry sate in the Exchequer of this 
& amerced the Hall, and there setdowne order for the appearance of ShiriifeSy 
Shiriffes. jp^j bringing in of their accounts : there was fiue Markes set 
on euery Shiriffes head for a fine, because they had not dis- 
trained euery person that might dispend fifteene pound land 
by the yeare, to recey'ue the order of Knighthoode, as the 
same Shiriffes were commaunded. Also the Maior, Aldermen, 
and Shiriffes of London, being accused of oppression and 
wrongs done by them, and submitting themselues in this 
place before the king sitting in judgement vpon that matter, 
they were condemned to pay their fines for their offences 
committed, and further euery one of them discharged of assise 
and warde. 

In the yeares 1268. and 1269. the same king kept his 

Christmas feasts at Westminster as before: and also in the 

TransUtion of same 1069. he translated, with great solemnitie, the bodie of 

^^^ e CoDiies- j^jj^g Edward the Confessor into a new Chappell, at the backe 

of the high Altar : which Chappell he had prepared of a mar- 
ueylous workemanship, bestowing a new Tombe or Shrine of 
Golde, and on the day of his translation he kept a royall feast 
in the great Hall of the Palace : thus much for the feasts of 
old time in this halL 
Mafshei about We read also, that in the yeare 1236. the riuer of Thames 
drowned^ ouerflowing the bankes, caus^ the Marches about Woolwich 
to be all on a Sea, wherein Boats and other vesselles were 
carried with the streame, so that besides cattell, the greatest 

ro«2?bWest- '^"^'^^ ^f n^^*^' women and children, inhabitants there, were 
minrter balL drowned : and in the great Palace of Westminster, men did 



The Citie of JVestminster 115 

row with wheryes in the middest of the Hall, being forced to 
ryde to theyr chambers. | 

Moreouer in the yeare 124:2, the Thames ouerflowing the Pa^e 469 
bankes about Lambhithe, drowned houses and fieldes, by the 
space of sixe miles, so that in the great hall at Westminster, 
men tooke their horses, because the water ran ouer all. This 
Palace was (in the yeare 1299. the 27. of Edward the first) T. Wahing. 
burnt by a vehement fire, kindled in the lesser hall of the wcrtminstcr 
kings house: the same with many other houses adioyning,and burnt. 
with the Queenes chamber, were consumed, but after that 
repayred. 

In the yeare 1303. the ^i. of Edward the first, the kings The kings 
treasurie at Westminster was robbed, for the which Walter^ Westminster 
Abbot of Westminster, with 40. of his brethren, and 32. other, IPj*^* ^ ^ 

^ » *i » Tijg Abbot & 

were throwne into the Tower of London, and indighted of the Monks sent to 
robbery of an hundred thousand pound, but they affirming ^^* Tower, 
themselues to be cleare of the fact, and desiring the king of 
speedie iustice, a commission was directed for inquiry of the 
truth, and they were freed. 

In the yeare 1316. Edward the second did solemnize his feast ?. the 2. keep- 
of Penticost at Westminster, in the great hall, where sitting at westm. hall, 
royally at the table with his Pears about him, there entred I^JIP***^^ 

^ ^ ' with a com- 

a woman adorned like a Minstrell, sitting on a great horse, plaint of not 
trapped as Minstrels then vscd, who rode round about the J^^Sdj^ 
Tables, shewing pastime, and at length came vp to the kings 
Table, and laide before him a letter, and forthwith turning her 
horse, saluted euery one, and departed. The letter being 
opened, had these contents : ' Our Soueraigne Lord the King 
hath nothing curteously respected his knights, that in his 
fathers time, and also in his owne, haue put forth their persons 
to diuers perils, and haue vtterly lost, or greatly diminished 
their substance, for honor of the said king, and he hath in- 
riched aboundantly such as haue not borne the waight as yet 
of the busines,' &c. 

This great hall was begun to be repayred in the yeare 1397* <^i^t |^11 •^ 
by Richard the second, who caused the walles, windowes, & ^yred. 
roofe, to be taken downe, and new made, with a stately porch, 
and diuerse lodgings of a maruellous worke, and with great 
costs : all which he leuied of strangers banished, or flying out 

I 2 



1 16 The Citie of IVestminster 

of their Countryes, who obtayned license to remaine in this 
land by the Kinges Charters, which they had purchased with 
great summes of money, lohn Boterell being then Clarke of 
the workes. | 
Page 470 This hall being finished in the yeare 1399. the same King 

Great feasuin kept a most royal Christmas there, with dayly lustinga, and 
halL ^ runnings at Tilt, whereunto resorted such a number of people, 

that there was euerie day spent twentie eight, or twentie 
sixe Oxen, and three hundred sheepe, besides fowle without 
number : he caused a Gowne for himselfe to be made of Golde, 
garnished with Pearle and precious Stones, to the value of 
3000. Marks : he was garded by Cheshire men, and had about 
him commonly thirteene bishops, besides Barons, Knights, 
Esquires, and other more then needed : insomuch, that to the 
houshold, came euery day to meate loooo, people, as appeareth 
by the Messes tolde out from the Kitchen to 300. seruitora 
Ro. luelefe. Thus was this great hall for the honour of the Prince often- 
tymes furnished with guests, not onely in this kings time 
(a prodigall Prince) but in the time of other also, both before 
and since, though not so vsually noted. For when it is said, 
the king held his feast of Christmas, or such a feast at West- 
minster, it may well be supposed to be kept in this great hall, 
as most sufficient to such a purpose. 
Ro. Fabian. I find noted by Robert Fabian (sometime an Alderman of 
King Henry London) that king Henrie the seuenth in the ninth of his 
the Maiorof «'aigne (liolding his royall feast of Christmas at Westminster) 
London, &c. on the twelfth day, feasted Raph Austry^ then Maior of London, 
and his brethren the Aldermen, with other commoners in great 
number, and after dinner dubbing the Maior knight, caused 
him with his brethren to stay and behold the disguisings and 
other disports, in the night following shewed in the great hall, 
which was richly hailed with Arras, and staged about on 
both sides : which disportes being ended in the morning, the 
king, the Queene, the Ambassadors, & other estates, being set 
at a table of stone, 6a knights, and Esquires serued 60. dishes 
to the kings Messe, and as many to the Queenes (neither flesh 
nor fish) and serued the Maior with twentie foure dishes to 
his messe, of the same maner, with sundrie wines in most 
plenteous wise : and finally, the King and Queene, being con- 



The Citie of IVestminster 117 

ueyed with great lights into the Pallace, the Mayor with his 
coiApanie in Baiges returned and came to London by breake 
of the next day. Thus much for building of this great hall^ | 
and feasting therein. P^s^ 47' 

It moreouer appeareth that many Parliaments haue beene ParlUment 
kept there : for I find noted, that in the yeare 1397. the great miSstw hJir* 
hall at Westminster, being out of reparations, and therefore, ad 
it were, new builded by Richard the second (as is afore shewed) 
the same Richard in the meane time hauing occasion to 
hold a parliament, caused for that purpose a large house to be 
builded in the middest of the Palace Court, betwixt the clockc 
Tower, and the gate of the olde great hall : this house was 
very large and long, made of tymber, couered with Tyle, open 
on both the sides, and at both the endes, that all men might 
see and heare what was both sayde and done. 

The Kinges Archers (in number 4000. Cheshire men) com- 
passed the house about with their Bowes bent, and Arrowes 
nocked in their handes, alwayes readie to shoote : they had 
bouch of Court (to wit, meate and drinke) and great wages, of Bonch of 
six pence by the day. ®° * 

The olde great Hall being new builded, Parliaments were i find of record 
againe there kept as before : namely, one in the yeare 1399. thel^'thatthc 
for the deposing of Richard the second. A great part of this Chapter house 

^ • ^.r . . . . • of the Abbot 

Palace at Westmmster was once agame burnt m the yeare of Westm. was 
I5i«. the 4. of Henry the eight, since which time, it hath not 1,^^"^ f^^^^ 
beene reedified : onely the great Hall, with the offices neare commons in 
adio}ming, are kept in good reparations, and serueth as afore, *"**"^*- 
for feastes at Coronations, Arraignments of great persons 
charged with treasons, keeping of the Courts of iustice, &c. 
But the Princes haue beene lodged in other places about the 
city, as at Baynards Castle, at Bridewell, and White hall, 
sometime called Yorke place, and sometiitie at S. lames. 

This great hall hath beene the vsuall place of pleadings, and 
ministration of Iustice, whereof somewhat shortly I will note. 
In times past, the courts and benches followed the king. Magna Caru. 
wheresoeuer he went, as well since the conquest, as before, ^I'JI^JYJ^^egt. 
which thing at length being thought combersome, painfull, minster hall. 

* pleas 163s 



Ii8 



The Citie of IVestminster 



Pagi 4^2 



T. Smith. 



Coart of the 
Chancerie. 



Kings of this 
Keakne haue 
sate on the 
Kings Bench 
in West. hall. 



Conrtofthe 
exchequer. 



and chargeable to the people, it was In the yeare i%%^ the 
9. of H. 3. agreed that there should be a standing place 
appointed, where matters should be heard and iudged, which 
was in the g^eat hall at Westminster. | 

In this hall he ordayned three iudgement seates, to wit, at 
the entry on the right hand, the common place ^, where ciuill 
matters are to (be) pleaded, specially such as touch lands 
or contracts : at the vpper end of the Hall, on the right hand, 
or Southest comer, the Kings bench, where pleas of the 
Crowne haue their hearing : and on the left hand or South- 
west comer, sitteth the Lord Chancellor, accompanied with 
the master of the Rowles, and other men, learned for the 
most part in the Ciuill lawe, and called maisters of the 
Chauncerie, which haue the Kings fee. The times of pleading 
in these courts are foure in the yeare, which are called 
Tearmes, the first is Hillarie Terme, which beginneth the 
23. of January, if it be not Sunday, and endeth the 12. of 
February. The second is Easter Terme, and beginneth 
1 7. dayes after Easter day, and endeth four dayes after Ascen- 
sion day. The third Terme beginneth 6. or seuen dayes after 
Trinitie Sunday, and endeth the Wednesday fortnight after. 
The fourth is Michaelmas Terme, which beginneth the 9. of 
October, if it be not Sunday, and endeth the 28. of Nouember. 

And here is to be noted, that the Kings of this Realme 
haue vsed sometimes to sit in person in the Kings Bench : 
namely King Edward the fourth, in the yere 1462. in Michael- 
mas Terme sate in the Kings Bench three dayes togither, In 
the open Court, to vnderstand how his lawes were ministred 
and executed. 

Within the Port, or entric into the Hall, on eyther side are 
ascendings vp into large Chambers without the Hall adioyning 
thereunto, wherein certaine Courts be kept : namely, on the 
right hand, is the court of the Exchequer, a place of account 
for the reuenewes of the Crowne : the hearers of the account 
haue Auditors vnder them, but ihey which are the chiefe for 
accounts of the prince, are called Baroi» of the Exchequer, 
whereof one it called the d "m^ -^^The oieatest officer of 



The Citie of JVestminster 119 

al is called the high treasurer. In this Court be heard those that 

are delators, or informers, in popular and penall actions, hauing Infomen. 

thereby part of the profite by the law assigned vnto them. 

In this Court, if any question bee, it is determined after the 
order of the common law of England by twelue men, and all 
subsidies. Taxes and Customes, by account : for in this office, 
the I ShirifTes of the Shire do attende vpon the execution of Page ^7; 
the commandements of the ludges, which the Earle should 
do, if he were not attending vpon the Princes in the warres, or 
othenvise about him : for the chiefe office of the earl was, to 
see the Kings iustice to haue course, and to bee well executed 
in the Shire, and the Princes Reuenewes to bee well aunswered 
and brought into the Treasurie. 

If any fines or amerciaments be extracted out of any of the 
sayde Courts vpon any man, or any arrerages of accounts of 
such thinges as is of customes, taxes and subsidies, or other 
such like occasions, the same the ShirifTe of the Shire doth 
gather, and is aunswerable therefore in the Exchequer. As 
for other ordinarie rents of patrimoniall landes, and most 
commonly of taxes, customes, and subsidies, there be parti- 
cular receyuers and collectors, which doe aunswere it into the 
Exchequer. This Court of the Exchequer hath of olde time, 
and as I thinke, since the Conquest, beene kept at West- 
minster, notwithstanding sometimes remoued thence by com- 
maundement of the king, and after restored againe, as namely 
in the yeare 1209, King lohn commaunded the Exchequer 
to be remoued from Westminster to Northhampton, &c. 

On the left hand aboue the staire is the Duchie chamber, 
wherein is kept the Court for the Duchie of Lancaster, by Datchy coui 
a Chancellor of that Duchie, and other officers vnder him. 
Then is there in an other chamber, the office of the receits of Officeofrece 
the Queenes reuenewes for the Crowne : then is there also the 
Starre Chamber, where in the Terme time euery weeke once Star chamN 
at the least, which is commonly on Frydayes and Wednes- 
dayes, and on the next day after the Terme endeth, the Lord 
Chancellor and the Lords, and other of the priuy Councell, 
and the chiefe lustices of England, from 9. of the clocke till 
it be II. do sit. 

This place is called the Starre Chamber, because the roofe 



120 



The Citie of IVesUninster 



Page 4^4 



The conrt of 

Wardes and 

lineriei. 

Conitof 

Requests. 

S. Stephens 

Chappell. 



LitUe 
Sanctttarie. 



thereof is decked with the likenes of Stars guilt : there be 
plaints heard, of ryots, rowts, and other misdemeanors, which if 
they bee found by the kings Councell, the partie offender shall 
be censured by these persons, which speake one after another, 
and hee shal bee both fined and commaunded to prison. | 

Then at the vpper end of the great hall by the Kings bendi, 
is a going vp to a great Chamber, called the White hall, 
wherein is now kept the court of Wards and Liueries : and 
adioyning thereunto is the Court of Requests. Then is 
S. Stephens Chappell, of old time founded by king Stephen. 
King John in the 7. of his raign graunted to Baldwinus de 
London Clarke of his Exchequer, the Chappleship of Saint 
Stephens at Westminster, &c. This Chappell was againe 
since, of a farre more curious workemanship, new builded by 
king Edward the third, in the yeare 1347. for thirtie eight 
persons in that Church to seme God, to wit, a Deane, la. secular 
Canons, thirteene Vicars, foure Clarkes, sixe Choristes, two 
Seruitors, to wit, a Verger, and a keeper of the ChappelL 
He builded for those from the house of receit, along nigh to 
the Thames, within the same Pallace, there to inhabite, and 
since that, there was also builded^ for them, betwixt the 
Qocke-house and the WooU-staple, called the Wey house. 
He also builded to the vse of this Chappell (though out of the 
Pallace Court) some distance west, in the little Sanctuarie, 
a strong Clochard of stone and timber, couered with Lead, 
and placed therein three great Bels, since vsually rung at 
coronations, triumphs, funerall of Princes, and their obits. Of 
those Bels men fabuled, that their ringing sowred all the drinkc 
in the towne. More, that about the biggest Bell was written, 

King Edward made me^ 
Thirtie thousand and three. 
Take me downe and wey me^ 
And more shall ye find me. 

But these Bels being taken downe indeed, were found all 
three not to wey oo. thousand. True it is, that in the Citie of 
Roane in Normandie, there is one great Bell, that hath such 
inscription as foUoweth. 



The Citie of IVestminster 121 

le suis George de Amdois, 
Qui tretite sing mille pais : 
Mes hit qui me pesera^ 
Trente six mill me trouera. 

I am George of Ambois^ 
Thirtie fiue thousand in fois : 
But he that shall weigh me^ 
Thirtie six thousand shall find me. \ 

The said king Ed. endowed this chappell with lands, to the Page 47s 
yearly value of 500.I. Doctor lohn Chambers the kinges 
Phtsitian, the last Deane of this Colledge^ builded thereunto 
a clojfster of curious workmanship, to the charges of iiooo. Cl^er of 
marl». This chappell, or colledge, at the suppression, was chapel ^^ 
valued to dispend in lands by the yeare 1085. pound. io.s. 5.d. builded. 
and was surrendred to Edward the sixt* since the which time, 
the same Chappell hath serued as a Parliament house. Parlbment 

. By this chappd of S. Stephen^ was sometime one other **°"^* 
smaller chappel, called our Lady of the Piew, to the which Chappei of ou 
Lady great offerings were vsed to be made. Amongst other pj^^, " 
things I haue read that Richard the 2. after the ouerthrow of 
Wat Tilar and other his rebels in the 4. of his raigne, went to 
Westminster, and there giuing thanks to God for his victorie, 
made his offering in this Chappell, but as diuerse haue noted, 
namely lohn Piggot^ in the yeare 145a.* on the 17. of February, 
by negligence of a Scholler appoynted by his Schoolemaister 
to put foorth the lightes of this Chappell, the Image of our 
Ladie richly decked with iewels, precious stones, pearles, and 
rings, more then any Jeweller could iudge the price, for so 
saytii mine Author, was with all this apparell, ornaments, and 
Chappell it selfe burnt, but since againe reedified by Anthonie 
Earle Riuers^ Lord Scales, and of the Isle of Wight, Vncle 
and gouemour to the Prince of Wales, that should haue becne 
king Edward the fifth, &c. 

The sayd Pallace, before the entrie thereunto, hath a large 
Court, and in the same a Tower of stone, containing a clocke, ^^^^^^ 
which striketh euery houre on a great Bell, to bee heard into 
the Hall in sitting time of the Courts, or otherwise : for the 
same Clocke, in a calme, will be heard into the Citie of 

^ 1453] 1252 t6oj 



122 The Citie of JVestminsier 

London. King Henrie the sixt gaue the keeping of this 
clocke with the Tower, called the Clocke house, and the 
appurtenances vnto William Walsby Deane of Saint Stephens^ 
with the wages of sixe pence the day out of his Exchequer. 
Fonnuin in By this Tower standeth a fountaine, which at Coronations and 
Cmirt! "** great triumphes is made to runne with wine out of diuerse 
spoutes. 

On the East side of this Court, is an Arched Gate to the 

riuer of Thames, with a fayre Bridge and landing place, for 

Pag» 476 all I men that haue occasion. On the North side is the South 

Wettmiiuter ^nde of Saint Stephens Alley, or Canon Row, and also a way 

bridge or com- j^to the old wooU Staple : & on the West side is a verie faire 

moD landing ^ 

place. gate begun by Richard the third, in the yeare 1484. and was 

by him builded a great height, and many faire lodgings in it, 

High tower at but left vnfinished, and is called the high Tower at West- 

estm Iter, jj^j^g^g,.^ Thus much for the monasterie and pallace may 

suffice. And now will I speake of the gate house, and of 
Totehill streete, stretching from the west part of the Close. 
Gate bonie at The Gate-house is so called of two Gates, the one out of the 
* Colledge court toward the North, on the East side whereof 
was the Bishop of Londons prison for Clarkes conuict, and 
the other gate, adioyning to the first but towards the west, is 
a Gailc or prison for offenders thither committed. Walter 
Warfield Celerer to the Monastery, caused both these gates 
with the appurtenances to be builded in the raigne of Edward 
the third 
Almeihonse of On the Southside of this gate, king H. the 7. founded an 
Heniythe;. ^^^^ house for 1 3. poore men: one of them to be a priest, 
aged 45. yeres, a good Gramarian, the other 1 2. to be aged 
fiftie yeares, without wiues, euery Saturday the priest to receyue 
of the Abbot, or prior, foure pence by the day, and each other 
two pence halfe penny by the day for euer, for their sustenance, 
and euery yeare to each one a gowne and a hood ready made : 
and to three women that dressed their meat, and kept them 
in their sicknes, each to haue euery Saturday i6.d. and euery 
yere a gowne ready made. More, to the 13. poore men yearly 
80. quarters of cole, and looo. of good fi^ots to their vse : in 
the hall and kitchen of ,t}idr maosioOt a discreete Monke to be 
ouerseer of thei ^« &c. and 



The Citie of JVestminster 123 

hereunto was euery Abbot and Prior swome. Neare vnto 

this house westward, was an old chappel of S. Anne^ ouer Chappell of 

against the which the Lady Margaret mother to king H. the 7. 

erected an Almeshouse for poore women, which is now turned Almeshonse 

into lodgings for the singing men of the colledge : the place ^ISy m*^! 

wherein this chappell and Almeshouse standeth, was called guet. 

the Elemosinary or Almory, now corruptly the Ambry, for waUDii»ter. 

that the Almes of the Abbey were there distributed to the 

poore. And therein Islip Abbot of Westmin. erected the first 

Presse of booke printing that euer was in England | about the Page 477 

yesLTC of Christ, 147 1. William Caxtan Citttzen of London, printing of 

mercer, brought it into England, and was the first that practised ^^^ ^[^^ 

it in the sayde Abbey, after which time, the like was practised fint in Eng- 

in the Abbyes of S. Augustine at Canterbury, S. Albons and ^"*^' 

other monasteries. From the west gate runneth along Totehil Totchill street. 

streete, wherein is a house of the Lord Gray of Wilton, and 

on the other side at the entrie into Totehill fielde, Stourton 

house, which Gyles^ the last L. Dacre of the south, purchased 

and builte new, whose Lady and wife Anne sister to Thomas 

the Lorde Btukhurst^ left money to her Executors to builde 

an hospitall for twentie poore women, and so many children Hospital 

to be brought vp vnder them, for whose maintenance ^^^^^^J^^ 

assigned landes to the value of one hundred pound by the Dacre. 

yeare, which Hospitall her Executors haue new begun in 

the field adioyning. From the entry into Totehill field, the 

streete is called Petty France, in which, and vpon S. Hermits Petty France. 

hill, on the south side thereof, Cornelius van Dun (a Brabander 

borne. Yeoman of the Guard to king H. the 8. king E. the 6. Aimeshoaies 

Queene Mary and Queene ElizabetH) built ao. houses for poore J^JiS^' 

women to dwell rent free, and neare hereunto was a chappell Chappdl of 

of Mary Magdalen, now wholy ruinated. len.'^ * ' 

In the yeare of Christ 1256. the 40. of H. the third, lohn 
Manselli the kings Counceller and a priest, did inuite to a 
stately dinner the kings and Queens of England and Scotland, Mathcw ParU. 
Edward the kinges aonne, Earles, Barons and knightes, the ^t ^^ one 
Bishop of London and diuers dttizens, whereby his guestes ^^*^^ 
did grow to such a number, that his house at Totehill could 
not receiue them, but that he was forced to set vppe tentes 
and pauillions to receiue his guestes, whereof there was such 



124 



The Citie of JVestminster 



Gonanement 
ofWeminftcr 
Citty. 



Page 47S 



a multitude that 700. messe of meate did not seme for the first 
dinner. 

The Cittie of Westminster for ciuill gouemment is diuided 
into twclue seucrall Wardes, for the which the Deane of the 
collegiate church of Westminster, or the high Steward doe 
elect 12 Burge»es, and as many assistantes, that is, one 
Burgesse, and one Assistant for euery Warde, out of the which 
twelue Burgesses, two are nominated yearely, vpon Thursday 
in Easter weeke, for chief Burgesses to continue for one ycare 
next following, who | haue authority giuen them by the Act 
of Parliament, 27. EUsabeth^ to heare, examine j determine 
and punish according to the lawes of the Realme, and iawfull 
customes of the Cittie of London, matters of incontinency, 
common scoldes, inmates, and common annoyances, and like- 
wise to commit such persons as shall offend against the peace, 
and therof to giuc knowledge within foure and twentie houres 
to some lustice of Peace in the County of Midlesex. 



W. Malmt- 
beiy. 

Antiquities of 
Olasto. 



Lib. comti. 
Elentherins 
died in the 
yetre 186. 
when he 
hadtitten 
Bishop 15. 
yeares. 



Gouernors of the Cittie of London, and first of 

Ecclesiastical Bishops, and other Ministers there. 

HaUING thus run through the description of these Cities of 
London and Westminster aswell in their originall foundations, 
as in their increases of buildinges and ornaments, together with 
such incidentes of sundrie sortes as are before, both generally 
and particularly, discoursed : It remaineth that somewhat bee 
noted by me, touching the pollicie and gouemment, both 
Ecclesiastical and ciuill, of London : as I haue already done 
for Westminster, the order whereof is aj^inted by the late 
statute, euen as that of London is maintained by the customes 
thereof, most laudably vsed before all the time of memory. 
And first to beginne with the Ecclesiastical! iurisdiction, 
I read that the Christian faith was first preached in this Iland 
(then called Britaine) by loseph of Arimathea, and his brethren 
disciples of Christ, in the time of Aruiragus, then Gouemor 
here, vnder the Romaine Emperour, after which time, Lucius 
king of the Britaines sent his Ambassadors Eluanus and 
MedutionuSf two men learned in the scriptures, with letters to 



Spiyitnall Gouernors 125 



1 



EUutkerins Eishop of Rome, desiring him to send some deuout 

and learned men, by whose instruction he and his people might 

be taught the faith and religijon of Christ. Eieulkeriiis fagt 4^9 

baptized those messengers, making Eluanus a Bishoppe and 

Medutiatms a Teacher, and sent ouer with them into Britaine 

two other famous Clearkes, Faganus & Deruuianus, by whose I 

diligence Lucius and his people of Britaine were instructed in 

the faith of Christ and baptized, the temples of Idols were 

conuertcd into cathedral churches, & Bishops were placed 

where Flammines before had bin, at London, Yorkc and ' 

Carleon vpon Vske were placed Archbishops, saith some. The 

Epistle said * to be ' sent by Eletitlurins to king Lucius, for the 

establishing of the faith, ye may read in my Annales, Som- Liber custom. 

maries and Chronicles, truely translated & set down as mine 

author hath it, for some haue curtoled and corrupted it, and 

then fathered it vppon reuerend Bede, who neuer wrote word j 

thereof, or otherwise to that elTect, more then this as followeth. ^^H 

In the yeare 156. Marcus Aurelius Verus the 14. Emperor Bede..^^^| 
aXteT Augustus, goucmcd the Empire with his Brother Aurelius ^^H| 

Conwdus, In whose time Elutkerius, a Holy man, being Pope " 

of the Church of Rome, Lucius king of Britaines wrote vnto 
him, desiring that by his commaundement hcc might bee 
made Christian : which his request was graunted him, where- 
by the Britaines receiuing then the faith, kept it sound and 
undefiled in rest and peace, vntill Diocksian the Emperours 
time : thus farre Bcde, which may sufHce to proue the Christian 
Faith there to be receiued here. And now of the London 
Bishops as I find them. 

There remaineth in the Parish Church of S. Peter vppon 
Comhill in London, a table wherein is written that Lucius 
founded the same Church to be an Archbishops see, and 
Metropolitane or chiefe church of his kingdomc, and that it so 
endured the space of foure hundred yeares, vntill the comming 
of Augustine the Monk & others from Rome, in the raigne of 
the Saxons. The Archbishops names, I finde onely to be 
set downe by loctline of Fumes, in bis book of Brittish io"liae oi 
Bishoppes, and not else where, Tkean (sayeth hee) was the 
first Archbishoppe of London in the time of Lucius, who 
builded the said church of S. Peter, in a place called Comhill 



126 Spirituall Gouernors^ 

in London, by the aide of Ciran^ chiefe Butler to king 
Lucius. I 

^agt 480 2. Eluanus was the second, and he builded a Library to the 
same church adioyning, and conuerted many of the Druides, 
(learned men in the Pagan law) to the Christian faith- 

3. Cadar was the third, then followed, 

4. Obinus. 
5* Conan. 

6. Paludius. 

7. Stephen. 

8. Iltute. 

9. Dedwin. 

10. Theodred. 

11. Hillary. 

12. Guidelium.^ 

13. Vodimus slaine by the Saxons. 

14. Theanus^ the foureteenth, fledde with the Britaines into 
Wales, about the yeare of Christ, 587. Thus much out of 
laceline of the Archbishops : the credit whereof I leaue to the 
iudgement of the learned, for I reade of a Bishop of London 
(not before named) in the yeare of Christ 326. to be present 
at the a. councell, holden at Aries, in the time of Constantine the 
great, who subscribed thereunto in these wordes, Ex prouincia 
Britanix Ciuitate Londinensi Restitutus Episcopus^ as plainely 
. Tome Cone, appeareth in the first Tome of the Councelles : hee writeth not 
himselfe Archbishop, and therefore maketh the matter of 
Archbishops doubtful, or rather ouerthroweth that opinion. 

The Saxons being Ps^ns, having chased the Britons with 
the Christian preachers into the mountaines of Wales and 
Comewall : and hauing diuided this kingdome of the Britons 
amongst themselues, at the length, to wit, in the yeare 596. 
Pope Gregory moued (of) a godly instinction (sayeth Bede) 
in the 147. yeare after the arriual of the Angles or Saxons in 
Britaine, sent Augustine^ Melitus^ Justus and lohn with other 
Monks to preach the gospel to the saide Nation of the 
Angles: these landed in the He of Thanety and were first 
receiued by Ethelbert^ King of Kent, whome they conuerted 

*(^H€€uiing sometimes Spiritual Governments and Government Spiritual 

in iSoj} 
^ or Guiteline, add, 1633 



Spiriiuall Gouemors 127 

to the faitb of Christ with diuers other of his people in the 34. 
3^eare of his raigne, which Ethelbert gaue vnto Augustine the 
Citty of Canterbury, j 

This Augustine in the yeare of Christ 604, consecrated Page 481 
Melitus and Justus bishops, appointing Melitus to preach 
vnto the East Saxons, whose chiefe citie was London : and 
there K. Sebert Nephew to Ethelbert by preaching of Melitus 
receiued the word of life : and then Ethelbert^ king of Kent 
biiilded in the Citie of London S. Paules Church, wherein Saint Paule 
Melitus began to bee Bishop in the yeare 619. and sate fiue London ?nt 
yeares. Ethelbert by his charter gaue lands to this Church founded. 
of S. Paul : so did oUier kings after him. King 5^^^r/ through gj^*^^*"^ 
the good life, and like preaching of Melitus^ hauing receiued London, 6i< 
Baptisme, to shew himself a Christian builded a Church to the 
honour of God and S. Peter ^ on the west side of London, which 
Church is called Westminster, but the successors of Sebert^ 
being Pagans, expelled Melitus out of their kingdomes. 

Justus the second, Bishop for a time, and then Melitus 
againe : after whose decease, the seate was voyde for a time : 2. lastns, 6: 
at length Sigebert^ sonne to Si^ebert, brother to Sebert^ ruled 
in Essex : he became a Christian, and tooke to him a holy 
man named Cedde^ or Chadde^ who wan many by preaching 
and good life to the Christian religion. 

Cedde^ or Chad^ was by Finan consecrated Bishop of the 
East Saxons, and he ordred Priests and Deacons in all the 3. Cedde, : 
parts of Essex, but especially at Jthancaster, and Tilberie. of London, 

This Citie of Jthancaster (sayth Raph CogshaU) stood on Ithancaster, 
the banke of the riuer Pante that runneth by McUdun in the ^ i^^ 
hundred of Danesey^ but now is drowned in Pante^ so that Cogdiall. 
nothing remaineth but the mine of the Citie in the Riuer. 
Tilberie (both the West and East) standeth on the Thames 
side, nigh ouer agaynst Grauesend. 

Wina^ expelled from the Church of Winchester by Cetu- 
walche the king, was adopted to be the 4. Bishop of London, 4. Wina, 66 
in the raigne of Wolferus king o£ Mercia, and sat 9. yeares. 

Erkenwalde^ borne in the castle, or towne of Stallingborough 
in Lindsey, first Abbot of Crotesey ^, was by Theodore arch- SjErkenwa 
bishop of Canterburie, appointed to be Bishop of the East 
* Crotesey] Crotese or Chartesey, i6jj in marg. 



128 Spiriiuall Gouemors 

Saxons, in the Citie of London. This ErkenwaU in the 

yeare of Christ 677. before he was made Bishop, had builded 

Page 482 two Monasteries, one { for himselfe, being a Monke in the Isle 

Crotesey. or of Crote in Surrey, by the riuer of Thames, and another for 

attesey. ^^^ Sister EdUbuTge^ being a Nun, in a certain place called 

Berching in Essex : he deceased at Berching in the yeare 

697. and was then buried in Pixuls church, and translated into 

the new Church of saint Paule in the yeare 1148. 

6. Waldhere Woldhcre was Bishop of London. Sebba^ king of the East 
jSnffSebU Saxons, at his hands receyued the habite of Monke, for at 
became a that time there were Monkes in Pauls church, as writeth 
Ri^aurch. Radulphus De Diceto \ and others. To this Bishop he brought 

a great summe of money, to bee bestowed and giuen to the 
poore, reseruing nothing to himselfe, but rather desired to 
remaine poore in goodes, as in Spirit, for the Kingdome xA 
Heauen : when hee had raigned thirty yeare, hee deceased at 
Paulesy and was there buried, and lyeth nowe in a coffin of 
stone on the North side of the Isle next the Quire. 

7. iDgwaldus, Ingwaldus^ Bishop of London, was at the consecration of 
^' ' Tatwine^ Archbishop of Canterbury : he confirmed the founda- 
tion of Crowland in the yeare 716. sayth Ingulfus^ and 
deceased in the yeare 744. as sayth Hotieden. 

746. Engulf e^ Bishop of London. 

754. Wichety or Wigerus, Bishop of London. 

761. Eadbrightiis, or Edbrithe^ Bishop of London. 

768. Eadgaifty or EcufganiSy Bishop of London. 

773. Kefiewallthy Bishop of London. 

784. Eadbeddusy Bishop of London. 

795. /rifa/£r^A/,BishopofLondon,deceased8o2.saith/^<7i^^^. 

813. Osmoftd Bishop of London : he was witnesse to a Charter 

made to Crowland in the yeare 833. saith Ingulfus^ 
835. Ethelnothcy Bishop of London. 
838. Elbertus^ or Celberius * Bishop of London. 
841. Dearwulf? Bishop of London. 
850. SwiikulfuSy Bishop of London : he likewise was witnesse 

to a Charter of Crowland 851. 

' Dc Diceto] Dedicato i6ojy tdjj 

' Ceolherht, Stubb^ Reef. 

' Caulfey 1603 ; Cearulf, 1633, 



Spirituall Gouemors 



129 



860. Edstamis Bishop of London, witnesse to a Charter to 
Crowland, 860. 

870. Vifsius Bishop of London. 

878, Ethclwardus, Bishop of London. 

886. Elstantis Bishop of London, died in the yeare 900. saith 
Auer: and all these, sayth the Authour of Flores Histo- 
riarum, were buried in the old church of saint Panic, but 
there rcmayneth now no memorie of them, 

tjoo. Thcodricus Bishop of London : this man confirmed king 
Edreds Charter, made to Winchester in the yere 947. wherby 
it seemeth that he was Bishop of London of a later time 
then he is here placed. 

933. Wehtauus Bishop of London. 

941, £/-iV^//wc Bishop of London. 

958. Dunstaniis Abbot of Glastonberie, then Bishop of Wor- 
cester, and then Bishop of London : he was afterward 
translated to Canterburic, 960. 

960, Ealfstauus bishop of London, the 28. in number. 

981. Edgare bishop of London; he confirmed the graunts 
made to Winchester, and to Crowland, 966, and againe lo 
Crowland 970. the Charter of Etlieldrcd, concerning Vlfrun- 
hamptoti, <jg6. 

1004. Elphimis bishop of London. 

loio. Alwinus bishop of London. 

IOI3. ./4^A«Hf bishop of London : he was sent into Normandie 
in the yeare 1013. sayth Asser. 

1044. Robert a Monke of Gemerisins' in Normandie, bishop 
of London 7 yeares, afterward translated from London to 
Canterberie. 

1050. Specgasius elected, but reiected by the king. 

1051. William, a Norman, Chaplaine to Edward the Con- 
fessor, was made bishop of London, 1051. sate 17. yeares, 
and deceased 1070. He obtained of William the Conqueror 
the charter of liberties for the citie of London, as I haue set 
downe in my Summarie, and appeareth by his Epitaph in 
PauUs church. 

1070, Hugh de Orwell bishop of London: hee died of a 
leprosie when he had sitten fifteene yeares. 

' Gemet. = Getneiicensis (of Jumiiges) ijgS 



I30 Spirituall Gouemors 

1085. Mauricius bishop of London : in whose time^ to wit, in | 
the yeare 1086. the Church of S. Paule was burnt, with the 
most part of this Citie, and therefore he laid the foondatton 
of a new large Church, and hauing sitten 22. yeares, hee 
deceased 1107, saith Paris. 

1 108. Richard Beame^ or Beamor^ Bishop of London^ did 
wonderfully encrease the worke of this church bq^uime, 
purchasing the streetes and lanes adioyning of his owne 
money: and hee founded the Monasterie of S. Osytk in 
Essex : he sate bishop 19. yeares, and deceased 1127* 

1127. Gilberius Vniuersalis, a Canon of Lions, elected by H. 
the first : he deceased 1141. when he had sitten xiiiL yeares. 

1142. Robert de Sigillo, a Monke of Reading, whom Mawde 
the Empresse made Bishop of London, where he sate xi. 
yeres. Geffrey de Magnauile tooke him prisoner at Fulham, 
and he deceased 1 152. 

1 1 53. Richard Beames, Archdeacon of Essex, bishop of London 
ten yeares, who deceased 1162. 

1 1 63. Gilbert Foliot Bishop of Hereford, from whence translated 
to London, sate 23. yeares, and deceased 1 1 86. 

1189. Richard Fitz Nele the kings Treasurer, Archdeacon of 
Essex, elected Bishop of London at Pipwel, 11 89: he sate 
nine yeares, and deceased 1198. This man also tooke great 
paines about the building oiPaules Church, and raised many 
other goodly buildings in his Diocesse. 

1199. William S. Mary Church, a Norman, bishop of London, 
who was one of the three Bishops that by the Popes com- 
maundement executed his interdiction or curse vpon the 
whole realme of England, but he was forced with the other 
Bishops to die the Realme in 1208. and his Castell at Stort- 
forde ^ in Essex, was by commauhdement of king lohn ouer- 
throwne, 1210. This William in companie of the Archbishop 
of Canterburie and of the Bishop of Elie went to Rome, 
and there complained agaynst the king 121 2. and returned, 
so as in the yeare 12 15. King lohn in the Church of Saint 
PauUy at the handes of this William tooke vpon him the 
Crosse for the holy land : hee resigned his Bishopricke of 
his owne voluntarie, in the yeare, 1221. sayth Cogshall. 

^ Stortforde] i^gSj Stratford 1603 



Spirituall Gouernors 131 

1 221 • Eustachius de Faucanbridge^ Treasurer of the Exchequer P^tge 4^5 
(saith Paris) Chancellor of the Exchequer (sayth Taxtor^ and 
CogshaU) bishop of London, 1223. whitest at Chelmesforde 
he was giuing holy Orders, a g^eat tempest of winde and 
raine annoyed so many as came thither, whereof it was 
gathered, how highly God was displeased with such as came 
to receyue Orders, to the ende they might Hue a more easie 
life of the Stipende appojmted to the Church men, giuing . 
themselues to banketting, and so with vncleane and iilthie 
bodies, (but more vncleane soules) presume to minister vnto 
God, the Authour of puritie and cleannesse. Falcatius de 
Breut was deliuered to his custodie in the yeare 1204. This 
Eustachius deceased in the yeare 1228. and was buryed 
in Paules Church, in the South side without or aboue the 
Quire. 

1 229. Roger Niger Archdeacon of Colchester, made Bishop of 
London. In the yeare 1230. sayth Paris^ vpon the feast 
day of the conuersion of S. Paul^ when he was at Masse in 
the Cathedrall Church of S. Paule^ a great multitude of 
people being there present, suddenly the weather waxed 
darke, so as one could scantly see another, and an horrible 
thunderclap lighted on the Church, which so shooke it that 
it was like to haue fallen, and therewithal out of a darke 
doude proceeded a flash of lightning, that all the Church 
seemed to be on fire, whereupon such a stench ensued, that 
all men thought they should haue died : thousands of men 
and women ran out of the church, and being astonied fell 
vpon the ground voyd of all sence and vnderstanding, none 
of all the multitude tarried in the Church, saue the Bishop 
and one Deacon, which stood still before the high Aultar, 
awayting the will of God : when the ayre was cleansed, the 
multitude returned into the Church, and the bishop ended 
the seruice. 

This Roger Niger is commended to haue beene a man of 
worthy life, excellently well learned, a notable Preacher, 
pleasant in talke, milde of countenance, and liberall at his 
table. He admonished the Vsurers of his time to leaue Mathew Pm 
such enormities, as they tendered the saluation of theyr 
soules, and to doe penaunce for that they had committed : 

K 2 



132 Spirituall Gouemors 

but when hee sawe they laughed him to scorne, and also 
Paje 486 threatned him, the bishop generally excommunijcated and 

accursed all such, and commaunded streightly that such 
Usurers should depart farther from the Citie of London, 
which hither towardes had beene ignoraunt of such mischiefe 
and wickednesse, least his Dioces should be infected there- 
withall. He fell sicke, and dyed at his Mannor of Bishops 
hall, in the lordship and parish of Stebunheth, in the yeare 
1241, and was buried in Pauls Church, on the north side of 
the Presbiterie, in a faire tombe coped, of gray Marble. 
1241. Fulco Basset Deane of Yorke, by the death of Gilbert 
Basset possessed his lands, and was then made bishop of 
London, deceased on the xxt. of May, in the yere 1259. as 
saith lohn Taxtor^ and was buried in Paules Church. 
1259. Henry Wingham Chancelor of England, made bishop 
of London, deceased in the yeare \^6^. sayth Tax tar ^ and 
was buryed in Paules Church, on the South side without or 
aboue the Quire, in a Marble Monument, close at the heade 
of Fauconbridge. 
1262. Richard Talbot Bishop of London, streghtwayes after 

his consecration deceased, saith Euersden. 
1262. Henry Sandwich^ bishop of London, deceased in the 

yeare 1273, ^ ^^ same Author affirmeth. 
1 273. lohn Cheshul Deane of Paules^ treasurer of the Exche- 
quer, and keeper of the great seale, was bishop of London, 
and deceased in the yeare 1 279. saith Euersden, 
1280. Fuko Louel Archdeacon of Colchester, elected bishop of 

London, but refused the place. 

1 280. Richard Grauesend Archdeacon of Northampton, Bishop 

of London. It appeareth by the Charter warren graunted 

to this bishop, that in his time there were two woods in the 

parish of Stebunhith pertaining to the said bishop : I haue 

since I kept house for my self, knowne the one of them by 

Bishops hal, but now they are both made plain of wood, 

able of and not to be discerned from other ground& Some haue 

rxMMoid fabuled that this Richard Grauesend bishop of London, 

ipRMied. in the yeare 1392. the 16. of Richard the 2. purchased the 

Charter of liberties to this City: which thing hath no 



Spirituall Gouernors 133 

possibility of truth, as I haue proued, for he deceased in the 
yeare 1303. almost 90. yeares before that time. | 

1307. Raph Baldocke Deane of Powles, Bishop of London, /v^ ^57 
consecrated at Lyons by Peter Bishoppe of Alba, in the 
yeare 1307 : he was a great furtherer of the new work of 
Powles, to witte, the East end called our Lady Chappell, and 
other adioyning : this Raph deceased in the yeare 131 3. and 
was buried in the said Lady Chappell, vnder a flat stone. 

1313. Gilbert Segraue was consecrated Bishop of London, 
and sate 3. yeares. 

1317. Richard Newport^ Bishop of London, sate %. years, and 
was buried in Paules church. 

1 318. Stephen Granesend^ Bishoppe of London, sate twentie 
yeares. 

1338* Richard Bentwarth Bishop of London and chancelour 
of England, deceased the yeare 1339. 

1339. Re^h Stratford Bishoppe of London : he purchased the 
peece of ground called No mans land beside Smithfield, and 
dedicated it to the vse of buriall, as before hath appeared : 
hee was borne at Stratford vpon Auon, and therefore 
builded a chappel to Saint Thomas there : he sate fourteene 
yeares, deceased at Stebunhith. 

1354. Michaell Norbroke^ Bishop of London, deceased in the 
j^eare 1361. sayth Mirimouth^ sate 7. yeares. 

1 362. Simon Sudbery Bishoppe of London, sate 1 3. yeares, trans- 
lated to bee Archbishoppe of Canterbury in the yeare 1375. 

^375* William Courtney translated from Hereford to the 
Bishopricke of London, and after translated from thence 
to the Archbishopricke of Canterbury, in the yeare 1381. 

1 38 1. Robert Breybrooke Chanon of Lichfield, Bishoppe of 
London, made Chancellour in the 6. of R. the %. sate 
Bishoppe 20. yeares, and deceased in the yeare 1404 : hee 
was buried in the saide Lady chappell at Powles. 

1405. Roger Walden Treasurer of the Exchequer, Archbishop 
of Canterbury, was deposed, and after made bishop of 
London : he deceased in the yeare 1406. and was buried 
in Powles church, <by) Alhallowes aultar. 

1406. Nicholas^ Bubwith Bishoppe of London, treasurer of the 

* Richard 1603 



134 Spirituall Gouemors 

Exchequer, translated to Salisbury, and from thence to 
Bathe, and lyeth buried at Wels. 

1407. Richard Clifford, remoued from Worcester to London, 
deceased 1422. as saith Thomas Walsingham^ and was 
buried in Paules. 

1422. lohn Kevipe fellow of Martin * Colledge in Oxford, was 
made Bishop of Rochester, from whence remoued to 
Qiichester, and thence to London : he was made the kings 
Chancellor in the yeare 1425. the 4. of Henry the 6. and was 
remoued from London to Yorke, in the yeare 1426. He sate 
Archbishop there 25. yeares, and was translated to Canter- 
bury, hee was afterwards made Cardinall in the yeare 1452. 
In the Bishop of Londons house at Fulham he receiued the 
Crosse^ and the next day the Pall at the hands of Thomas 
Kcmpe Bishop of London : he deceased in the yeare 1454. 

1426. William Gray Deane of Yorke, consecrated Bishop of 
London, who founded a Colledge at Thele in Hartfordshire 
for a Maister and foure Chanons, and made it a cell to Elsing 
spittle in London, it had of old time beene a Colledge, 
decayed & therefore newly founded : he was translated to 
Lincolne T431. 

1432. Robert Fitzhtigh Archdeacon of Northampton, conse- 
crated Bishop of London, sate 5. yeares, deceased in the 
yeare 1435, and was buried on the south side of the Quire 
of Powlcs. 

1 435. Robert Gilbert Doctor of Diuinity, Deane of Yorke, con- 
secrated Bishop of London, sate 12. yeares, deceased 1448. 

1449. Thomas Kcmpe, Archdeacon of Richmond, consecrated 
Bishop of London at Yorke house, (now White hall) by the 
hands of his vncle lohn Kemp, Archbishop of Yorke, the 
eight of February, 1449. He founded a chappell of the 
Trinity in the body of saint Pauls church on the north side, 
he sate Bishoppe of London 39. yeares, and 48 dayes, and 
then, deceased in the ycre 1489. was there buried. 

1489. John Marshal biidiop of London, deceased in the year 

M93- 
1493. f^ichard Hill bishop of London, deceased 1495, and was 

buried in the body of aaint Ponies church. 

* Mertom 



Spiriiuall Gouemors 135 

1496. Thomas Sauage first bishop of Rochester, then bishop 
of London 5. yeares, was translated to Yorke 1501. where 
hee I sate Archbishop seuen yeares, and was there buried in Page 489 
the yere 1507, 

1502. WiUiam Warehatn Bishop of London, made keeper of 
the great Scale, sate two yeares, was translated to Canter- 
bury. 

1504. William Barons Bishop of London, sate 10. moneths, 
and II. dayes, deceased in the yeare 1505. 

1505. Richard Fits lames fellow of Martin^ Colledge in Oxford, 
in the raigne of Henry the 6. was made Bishop of Rochester, 
after Bishop of Chichester, and then Bishop of London. He 
deceased 1591. and lyeth buried hard beneath the Northwest 
pillar of the Steple in Paules, vnder a faire tombe of marble, 
ouer the which was builded a faire Chappell of timber, with 
stayres mounting thereunto : this chappell was burned with 
fire from the steeple 1561. and the tombe was taken downe. 

1531. Cuthbert Tunstal^ Doctor of law, Master of the rowles. 
Lord priuie Seale, and Bishop of London, was thence trans- 
lated to the Bishopricke of Durham in the yeare 1529. 

1529. John Stokesley^ Bishop of London, sate 9.^ yeares, 
deceased in the yeare 1539. and was buried in the Lady 
chappel in Paules. 

1539. Ednumd Boner Doctor of the ciuill law. Archdeacon of 
Leycester, then Bishop of Hereford, was elected to London 
in the yeare 1539. whilest he was beyond the seas, Em- 
bassadour for king Henry the eight. On the first of 
September 1549. he preached at Paules Crosse, for the 
which sermon he was charged before the counsell of king 
Edward the 6. by William Latimer Parson of saint Law- 
rence Poltney^ and lohn Hoper^ sometime a white Monke, 
and being conuented before certain Commissioners at Lam- 
bith, was for his disobedience to the kings order, on the 20. 
day of the same month sent to the Marshalsey and depriued 
from his bishopricke. 

1550. Nicholas Ridley Bishop of Rochester, elected Bishop of 
London, was installed in Paules church on the 1 2. of Aprill. 

' Afertan * (Consecrated Nov. 27, 1530; d. Sept. 8, 1539). 

* 13 160S. 



136 Spirituatl Gouemors 

This man by his deede dated the 12. day after Christmas, 
in the 4. yeare of Edward the sixt, gaue to the Idi^ the 
Mamu>r5 of Branketrie and Southminster, and the patron- 
age of the church | of G>g5hall in Essex, the Mannors of 
Stebunheth and Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, and 
the Marsh of Stebunheth, with al and singular messua^^es, 
lands, and tenements to the said Mannors beloi^ii^, and 
also the aduowson of the viccarage of the parish churdi of 
Cogshall in Essex aforesaid : which grant was confirmed by 
the Deane and Chapter of Paules the same day and yeare 
with exception of such lands in Southminster, Stebunheth 
and Hackney, as onely pertayned to them. The said long 
Edward by his letters patents, dated the 16. of Aprill, in 
the said fourth yeare of his raigne, granted to sir Thomas 
Wentworth^ Lord Wentworth, Lord Chamberlaine of the 
kings houshold, for and in consideration of his good and 
faithfuU seruice before done, a part of the late receiued gift, 
to wit, the Lordshippes of Stebunheth and Hackney, with 
all the members and appurtenances thereto belong^ing in 
Stebunheth, Hackney way, Shorditch, Holiwell streete. 
White chappell, Stratford at Bow, Poplar, North streete, 
Limehouse, Ratliffe, Cleue streete, Brockstreet, Mile end, 
Blcten hall green, Oldford, Wcstheth, Kingsland, Shakel- 
wcU, Newinton streete, alias Hackney street, Clopton, 
Churchstreete, Welstreet, Humbarton, Groucstreet, Gunston 
street, alias Morestreet, in the county of Middlesex, together 
with the Marsh of Stebunhith, &c. The Mannor of Hack- 
ney was valued at Ixi.li. ix.s. 4.d. by yeare: and the Mannor 
of Stebunhith at cxl.li. 8.s. ii.d. ob. by yeare, to be holden 
in chiefe, by the seruice of the twenti(e)th part of a knights 
fee. This Bishop Nicholas Ridley^ for preaching a sermon 
at Paules crosse, on the 16. of luly in the yeare 1553. was 
committed to the Towre of London, where he remained 
prisoner till the 10. of Aprill, in the yeare 1554. and was 
thence sent to Oxford, there to dispute with the Diuines 
and learned men of the contrary opinion, and on the 16. of 
October 1555. he was burned at Oxford for opinions against 
the Romish order of sacraments, &c. 
1553, Edmand Boner aforesaid, being released out of the 



Spirituall Gouemors 137 

Marshabey, was restored to the Bishoprick of London, by 
Q. Mary on the 5. of August in the yeare 1553. and againe 
deposed by Q. Elizabeth^ in the moneth of luly An. 1559. 
and was eftsoones committed to the Marshalsey, where he 
died on the 5. of September 1569. and was at midnight 
buried amongst other prisoners in 5. Georges churchyard. | 

1559- Edmand Grindal bishop of London, being consecrated Page 491 
the 21. of December 1559. was translated to Yorke, in the 
)reare 1570. and from thence remoued to Canterbury, in the 
yeare 1575. He died blind 1583. on the 6. of luly, and was 
buried at Crodowne in Surrey. 

1570. Edwine Sands^ being translated from Worcester to the 
bishopricke of London, in the yeare 1570. was thence trans- 
lated to Yorke in the yeare 1576. and died in the yeare 
1588. 

1576. lohn Elmer e bishop of London, deceased in the yere 

1594 on the 3 of lune at Fulanham, & was buried in Paules 

church before saint Thomas chappell. 

1594. Richard Fletcher^ bishop of Worcester, was on the 30. 

of December in Paules church elected bishop of London, 

and deceased on the 15 of lune 1596. Hee was buried in 

Paules church, without any solemne funerall. 

1597. Richard Bancroft Doctor of Diuinity, consecrated at 

Lambith on Sunday the. eight of May, now sitteth bishop 

of London, in the yeare 1598. being installed there. 

This much for the succession of the Bishops of London, 

whose diocesse containeth the citie of London, the whole 

shires of Middlesex and Essex, and a part of Hartfordshire. 

These Bishops haue for Assistants in the Cathedrall church 

of saint Paules^ a Deane, a chaunter, a chauncelor, a Treasurer, 

5. Archdeacons, to wit, London, Middlesex, Essex, Colchester, 

and saint Albons, and 30. prebendaries: there appertaineth 

also to the said churches for furniture of the Quire in diuine 

seruice,and ministration of the sacraments, a CoUedge of la. 

pety Chanons, 6. vickars choral, & Queristers, &c. 

This Diocesse is diuided into Parishes, euery parish hauing 
his Parson, or vicar at the least, learned men for the most 
party and sufficient Preachers to instruct the people. There 
were in this citty and within the suburbes thereof in the 



138 Spirituall Gouemors 

raigne of Henry the second (as writeth Fitz Suphem) 13. 
great conuentuall churches, besides the lesser sort called parish 
churches, to the number of 126, al which conuentuall churches, 
and some others since that time founded, are now suppressed 
and gone, except the Cathedrall church of saint PattU in 
^ag$ 492 London, and the colledge of saint Peter at Westminster : | of 
all which parish churches, though I haue spoken, yet for more 
ease to the Reader, I will here againe set them downe in 
manner of a Table, not by order of Alphabet, but as they be 
placed in the wardes and suburbes. 

Parish Churches 

In Portsoken ward, parish churches 3. 
The Hospitall of saint Katheren serueth for that libertie. 
Trinity in the Minories, for precinct thereof. 
S. Bottolphe by Ald^^ate, the onely parish church for that 
ward. 

a. In Tower streete warde. 4. 

In the Tower, saint Peter ^ for the Inhabitants there. 
Alhallowes Barking by the Tower. 
S. Olauey in Hart streete. 
S. Dunstone in the East. 

3. In Aldegate ward. 3. 

S. Katheren Christs church. 
S. Andrewes vndershafte. 
S. Katheren Colman church. 

4. In Limestreet ward none. 

There was saint Mary at the Axe, and saint Angustine in the 
wall, both sup(p)ressed, and vnited, the one to Alhallowes in 
the wall, in Brodestreete ward, the other to saint Andrewe 
vndershaft in Limestreete warde. 

5. In Bishops gate warde. 3. 

S. Bottolphes without Bishopsgate. 

S. Ethelburge within the Gate. 

S. Helens adioyning to the Nuns Priory. 

6. In Brodestreete ward. 6. 
Alhallows by the wall. 



Parish Churches 139 

S. Peters the Poore. 

S. Martins Oteswitche. 

S. Benet Fynke. 

S. BartUmew by the Exchange. 

S. Christopher by the stockes market. 

7. In Comhill warde. 2. \ 

S. Peter vpon Cornehill. P^ 49J 

S. Michaell vpon Cornehill. 

8. In Langbome ward 7. 
S. Gabriel Fenchurch. 

S. Dyanes Backchurch. 
Alhallowes in Lombardstreete. 
S. Edmond in Lombardstreete. 
Alhallowes Staning at Mart lane end. 
S. Nicholas Aeon in Lombardstreete. 
S. Mary Wolnoth in Lombardstreete. 

9. In Billinsgate ward 5. 

S. Buttolph by Billinsgate. 

S. Mary on the Hill. 

S. Margaret Pattens. 

S. Andrew Hubert in Eastcheape. 

S. George in Buttolph lane. 

10. In Bridgeward within 4. 
S. Magnus at the bridge foote. 

S. Margaret bridgestreete. 

S. Leonard Milkchurch, Fishstreete hill. 

S. Benet Grasse church. 

1 1 . In Candlewike streete 5. 

S. Clements Eastcheape. 

S. Mary Abchurch. 

S. Michael in crooked lane, somtimc a Colledge. 

S. Martins Orgars. 

S. Laurence Pountney, sometime a colledge. 

12. In Walbrooke warde 5. 
S. Swithen by London stone. 
S. Mary Woolchurch. 



140 Parish Churches 

S. Stephen by Walbrooke. 
S. lohn vpon Walbrooke. 
S. Mary Bothaw. 

13. In Downq[ate ward 4. 
AlhiilUnves Hay wharfe, in the Roperie. 
Alhallawes the lesae, in the Roperie. 

T4. In the Vintrie ward 4. | 
S. Michael Paternoster in the Royall, sometime a colledge. 
S. Thomas Apostles. 
S. Martin in the Vintrie. 
S. lames at Garlicke Hith. 

15. In Cordwainer streete ward 3. 
S. Anthonies in Budge row. 
Aide Mary church. New Mary Church, or Mary le Bow. 

16. In Cheape Warde 7. 
S. Benet Sorhoge, or Syth. 
S. Pancrate by Sopars lane. 
S. Mildred in the Poultrie. 
S. Mary Colchurch. 

S. Martin Pomerie in Ironmonger lane. 
AUiaUawes in Honie lane. 
S. Laurence in the lury. 
The chappell of Guildhall, somtime a colledge. 

1 7. In Colemanstreete ward 3. 
S. Olaue Vpwell in the old lurie. 
S. Margaret in Lothburie. 
S. Stephefi in Colemanstreet. 

18. Bassings hall ward i. 
S. Michael at Bassings hall. 

19. In Cripplcgatc ward 6. 

S. Mary Aldermanburie. 

S. Alphage sometime an hospitall of Elsing. 

S. Mary Magdalen in Milkttreetc. 

S. Albans in Woodstreete. 

S, Michael !n Hugen lane. 

S. Giles without CrIpplesKate. 



Parish Churches 141 

20. In Alder^ate warde 6. 

S. lohn Zactiarie. 

S. Mary Staining. 

S. Olaue in siluerstreete. 

S. Leonard in Foster lane. 

S. Anne by Aldersgate. 

S. Buttolph without Alder^^ate.^ I 

21. In Faringdon ward within, the Cathedrall Church of saint P(fge49s 

Paule^ and parish Churches 9. 

S. Peters at the Crosse in Cheape. 

S. Fauster in Foster lane. 

Christ Church made a parish Church of the gray Friers church, 

and of two parish Churches, saint Nicholas^ and saint Ewin^ 

and also an Hospitall for poore children. 
S. Mathew in Fryday street. 
S. Augustine by Paules gate. 
S. Faith vnder Paules Church. 
S. Martins at Ludgate. 
S. Anne at the blacke Friers. 
S. Michael at come by Paules. 
Chappell of saint lames by Cripplesgate. 

22. In Bredstreete ward 4. 

AlhaUawes in Bredstreete. 

S. Mildreds in Bredstreete. 

S. lohn Euangelist in Fryday streete. 

S. Margaret Moses in Fryday streete. 

23. In Queene hithe ward 7. 

S. Trinitie in Trinity lane. 
S. Nicholas Cold Abbey. 
S. Nicholas Olaue. 
S. Mary Mounthaunt, 
S. Michael at Queene hithe. 
S. Mary at Sommers hithe. 
S. Peters at Paules wharfe. 

^ Aldersgate] 1398 j Aldgate i6oj 



142 Parish Churches 

24. In Castle Baynards warde 4. 

S. Benet Hude, or Hith, by Paules wharfe. 
S. Andrewe by the Wardrobe. 
S. Mary Magdalen in old Fishstreete. 
S. Gregarie by Paules Church. 

25. In Faringdon ward without 7. 

S. Septdchers without Newgate. 
S. Andrew in Oldbume. . 
S. Dunstone in the west. 
S. Bartlemew by the Priorie. | 
Pagi4g6 S. Bartlemew the Hospitall. 

S. Briget or Brides in Fleetstreet. 

S. Parnell in the Temple for the studentes there. 

26. In the Borough of Southwarke, and Bridge Warde 

without, 4* 

S. Sauiours in Southwarke made of twaine, 
vz. 5. Mary Magdalen^ and 5. Margaret. 
S. George the Marter. 
S. Thomas the Hospitall. 
S. Olaue in Southwarke. 

Thus haue yee in the 26. Wards of London and Borough 
of Southwarke, parrish Churches to the number of 114. 

And in the suburbes adioyning, parrish Churches 9. as 

followeth. 

S. Mary Magdalen at Bermondsey in the borough of South- 
warke, Dioces Winton. 

S. Mary Matfelon White chappell. 

S. Leoftard Shorditch. 

S. lohn Baptist Clearken well. 

S. Giles in the field, sometime an Hospitall. 

In the Dutchie of Lancaster. 

S. Clement Danes without Temple barre. 
S. lohn Baptist Sauoy, an Hospitall. 

In the Citty of Westminster^ that Liberty as followeth. 
The CoUedge of 5". Peter called Westminster. 



Dioces of 
Winchester. 



Parish Churches 143 

Parish Churches twaine, 

S. Margaret a parrish church by Westminster. 
S. Martin in the field by Charing Crosse. 

Thus haue yee in the Wards of London and in the suburbs 
of the same cittie, the borough of Southwarke, and the Cittie 
of Westminster, a Cathedral church of S, Paule, a Coll^ate 
church of S. Peter in Westminster, and Parish churches, 1 23. 



Hospitals in this Cittie, and Suburbes thereof, Pag$497 

.that haue beene of old time, and now presently are, 
I reade of these as followeth. 

Hospital of saint Mary in the parish of Barking church, Anhotpiulfor 
that was prouided for poore priests, and others, men and ^^^JIJJ^P^* 
women in the Citty of London, that were fallen into frensie street ward. 
or losse of their memory, vntill such time as they should 
recouer, was since suppressed and giuen to the Hospitall of 
saint Katherine by the Tower. 

S. Anthonies^ an Hospitall of 13. poore men and colledge, s. Anthonies 
with a free schoole, for poore mens children, founded by ^^J^*^***** 
Cittizens of London, lately by lohn Tate^ first a Brewer & 
then a Mercer, in the Warde of Brodestreete, suppressed in 
the raigne of Edward the sixt, the schoole in some sorte 
remayning, but sore decayed. 

S. Bartlemew in Smithfield, an Hospitall of great receipt, s. Burtilmew 
and rcliefe for the poore, was suppressed by Henry the eight, '" S~'*^^«^^«- 
and againe by him giuen to the Citty, and is endowed by the 
Cittizens beneuolence. 

•S. GUes in the fieldes was an Hospitall for leprose people s. Giles in the 
out of the Citty of London and shire of Middlesex, founded * 
by Matilde the Queene, wife to Henry the i , and suppressed 
by K. Henry the eight. 

S. lohn of lerusalem by Westsmithfield, an Hospitall of the s. lohn of 
Knightes of the Rhodes, for maintenance of soldiers against d^^of «[e 
the Turkes and Infidels, was suppressed by King Henry the 8. Rhodes. 

S. lames in the field was an Hospitall for leprouse virgines S. Umes in 
of the citty of London, founded by cittizens for that purpose, *^ ^^^^* 
and suppressed by king Henry the 8. 



144 Of ^^(^^ hauses 

s. lohns at S. lohn at Sauoy^ an Hospital! for rdiefe of one hundreth 

^^•*'^' poor people, founded by Henry the seuenth, suppressed by 

^^ze^^ir^thesixt. Againe new founded, indowed and fiurnished 

by Queene Mary^ and so remayneth. | 
Pa^e 49S S. Katherine by the Tower of London, an Hospitall with 

bv thc^Tbwcr * Maister, Brethren, and sisters and Almes women, founded 

by Matilde wife to King Stephen^ not suppressed, but in force 

as afore. 
EUing Spittle. S. Mary within Criplesgate, an Hospitall founded by William 

Elsing^ for an hundred blind people of the cittie, was sup- 
pressed by king Henry the eight, 
s. Mary 5. Mary Bethelem without Bishop^^te was an Hospitall, 

Bethlem. founded by Simon Fitzmary a Cittizen of London to haue 

beene a Priory, and remayneth for lunaticke people, being 

suppressed and giuen to Christs Hospitall. 
s. Mary 5. Mary without Bishopsgate was an Hospitall and Priorie, 

^*" *' called 5. Mary Spittle, founded by a cittizen of London, for 

reliefe of the poore, with prouision of i8o. beddes there for the 

poore: it was suppressed in the raigne of King Henry the 

eight, 
s. Mary S. Mary Rotinceuall by Charing crosse, was an Hospital 

Rotinsiuall. suppressed with the Priories Aliens, in the raigne of king 

Henry the fifte, then was it made a brotherhoode in the 

fifteenth of Edward the fourth, and again suppressed by kit^ 

Edward the sixt. 
s. Thomai of 5. Tkomas oi Acres in Cheape was an Hospitall for a Master 

and brethren (in the Record called Militia) : it was surrendred 

and sold to the Mercers, 
s. Thomas in S. Thomas in Sotithwarke being an Hospitall of great receite 
ont war c. ^^^ ^^ poore, was suppressed, but againe newly founded and 

indowed by the beneuolence and charitie of the cittizens of 

London. 
Hotpital with- An Hospitall there was without Aldersgate, a cell to the 
o^Alden. house of Cluny^ of the French order, suppressed by King Henry 

the fift. 
Hotpitall An Hospitall without Criplesgate, also a like Cell to the 

^^JJpjjLj^ saide house of Cluny, suppressed by king Henry the 5. 
HoraHaU^ A third Hospitall in Oldbome, being also a Cell to the saide 
OMbome. house of CUu^^ supfiretsed by kii^ Henry the 5. 



Of Lazar houses 145 

The Hospitall or Alines house called Gods house, for Gods j^oiue 
thirteene poore men, with a coUedge called Whitington colledge, coUeS^se!^ 
founded by Richard WkiHngtan Mercer, and suppressed: 
but the poor rejoiaine, and are paid their allowance by the Page 499 
Mercers. 

Christs Hospitall in Ne^i^te market of a new foundation Christs 
in the Grey Fryers church by king Henry the eight : poor ^^^ ' 
fatherless children be there brought vp and nourished at the 
charges of the dttizens, to the number of . 

Bridewell, now an Hospitall (or house of correction) founded Hospitall of 
by king Edward the sixt, to be a Workehouse for the poore ^'^^^^^ 
and idle persons of the Citty, wherein a great number of 
vagrant persons be now set a worke, and relieued at the 
charges of the cittizens. Of all these Hospitals, being twenty 
in number, you may reade before in their seuerall places, as 
also of good and charitable prouisions made for the poore, by 
sundrie well disposed Cittizens. 

Now of Leprose people, and Lazar houses* 

It is to be obserued, that leprose persons were alwayes, for Letuticns 15 
auoiding the daunger of infection, to be separated from the l^|^ |^. 
sound, &C. God himselfe commaunding to put out of the Host "SJ*?^^ 
euery leaper. Whereupon I reade that in a prouinciall Synode the sound. 
holden at Westminster by Hubert Archbishoppe of Canterbury, 
in the yeare of Christ 1200. the second of king lohn, it was 
decreed according to the institution of the Lateran Counsaile, 
that when so many leprose people were assembled, that might 
bee able to builde a Church with a Churchyeard for them- 
sdues, and to haue one especiall priest of their owne, that they 
should bee permitted to haue the same without contradiction, 
so they bee not iniurious to the olde Churches, by that which 
was graunted to them for pitties sake. And further it was 
decreede, that they bee not compelled to giue any Tithes of 
their Gardens or increase of cattell. 

I haue moreouer heard, that there is a writte in our Law, Lepionse p 
de leproso amouendo^ and I haue read that king Edward the ^^^ded ^ 
third in the 20. yeare of his raigne, gaue commaundement to Citty. 
the mayor and Shiriffes of London, to make proclamation in 



•TOW. U 



146 Of Lazar houses 

euery Ward of the citty and suburbes, that all leprose persons 

inhabiting there should auoid within fifteen dayes next, and 

Pagejoo that no man suffer any | such leprose person to abide within 

his house, vpon paine to forfeite his said house, and to incurre 

the kinges further displeasure : And that they should cause 

the said Lepers to be remoued into some out places of the 

fieldes, from the haunt or company of sound people : where- 

Lazar houses Upon certaine Lazar houses, as may be supposed, were then 

Thelodcein huilded without the cittie some good distance, to wit, the 

Kcntetrect, locke without Southwarke in Kent street, one other betwixt 

yondethe the Miles end and Stratford Bow, one other at Kingsland, 

i«l»aid,onc (jg^jxt Shoreditch and Stoke Newington, and an other at 

Kingesland, Knightes bridge, west from Charing crosse. These foure 

K^gtobrSgc. ' ^^"^ noted to bee erected for the receit of Leprouse people 

wTDnnthorn. sent out of the citty. At that time also the cittizens required 

of the Gardian of saint Giles hospitall, to take from them, and 

to keepe continually, the number of foureteene persons leprous, 

according to the foundation of Matilde the Queene, which was 

for leprous persons of the cittie of London and the shire of 

Middlesex, which was granted : more, the Wardens or Keepers 

of the Portes, Gates or Postemes of this citty were swome in 

Portars of the the Mayors court before the Recorder, &c. That they should 

do^Vwom^ well and faithfully keepe the same Portes and Postemes, and 

not to suffer any leprous person to enter the sayde citty. 

Portars of the lohn Gardener Porter of the Postern by the Tower his oth 

iSl!te^^ before the Mayor and Recorder of London, on Monday after 

swome. the feast of saint Bartlentew, the 49. of Edward the third : 

That the Gates and Posterne be well and faithfully kept in his 

office and Baylywicke, and that he should not suffer any leapers 

or leaper to enter the citty, or to renunne in the suburbes^ and if 

any leaper or leapers force themselues to enter by his Gates or 

Posterne, hee to binde them fast to horses, and send them to bee 

examined of the superiors, &c. 

Finally, I read that one William PoU Yeoman of the crowne 
to king Edward the fourth, being striken with a leprosie, was 
also desirous to build an Hospitall, with a chappell to the 
honour of God and asdnt Anthony, for the reliefe and harborow 
of such lepfouB peiions as were destitute in the kingdome, to 
the ta6 ^ other in their passing 



Of Lazar houses 147 

to and fro : for the which cause Edward the 4. did by his 
charter dated the | 19. of his raigne, giue vnto the said W. for Page jot 
euer, a certaine parcell of his land, lying in his high way of 
Highgate, and Haloway, within the Countie of Middlesex, Lazar house 
containing 60. foote in length, & 34. in breadth. oloway. 



The temporall Gouernment of this City, some- 
what in briefe manner. 

This Cltle of London being vnder the gouernment of the 
Britons, Romaines, and Saxons, the most ancient and famous patent. Asei 
City of the whole realme, was at length destroied by the Danes, ^j«»cnen. 
and left desolate : as may appeare by our histories. But Wigom. Mn 
Aelfred king of the west Saxons, hauing brought this whole *""* ^*^^ 
realme (from many parts) into one Monarkie, honourably 
repayred this Citie, and made it againe habitable, and then 
committed the custody thereof to his sonne in law Adhered 
Earle of Mercia .: after whose decease the Citie with all other 
possessions, pertayning to the saide Earle, returned to king 
Edward sumamed the Elder, &c. And so remained in the 
kings hands, being gouemed vnder him by Portgraues (or Portgmnes. 
Portreues) which name is compounded of the two saxon 
words, porUy and gerefe or retie. Porte betokeneth a Towne, 
and Gerefe signifieth a Gardian, ruler or keeper of the towne. RobertFabi 

These Gouemors of old time (saith Robert Fabian) with the 
lawes and customes then vsed within this citie, were registred 
in a booke called the Doomes day, written in the saxon 
tongue : but of later dayes when the said lawes and customes 
were changed, and for that also the said booke was of a small 
hand, sore defaced, & hard to be red or vnderstood, it was lesse 
set by, so that it was imbeseled, & lost. Thus farre Fabian. 

Notwithstanding I haue found by search of diuers old 
Rq^sters and other record abroad, namely in a booke some- Li. s. 
time appertayning to the Monastery of saint Albons, of the ^^ **' 
Por^^ues, & other Gouemors of this citie, as followeth. 

First, that in the raignc of king Edward the last before the 
con|quest, Wolfegare was Portgraue : as may appeare by the Page $02 
Charter of the same king, in these words. Edward king^ 

L 2. 



148 Temporall Gouemment 

Cittbens of greeUth Alfward Bishop, and Wolfgar my Porlgraue^ & all 

}^^^^^ the Burgesses of London. And afterward that in anoAer 
charter, king Edward greeteth William Bishop, and Swetman 
my Portgraue. And after that in another charter to the Abbey 
of Chertsey^ to William Bishop, and Leofstane^ and Alssy 
* Portgraues. In the raigne of William Conqueror, William 
Bishop of London procured of the said Conqueror his Charter 
of liberties, to the same William Bishop, & Godfrey Por^^ue> 
in saxon tongue, and corrected in Engh'sh thus : 

Charter of W. William king greet W. BisAop, & Godfrey Portgratie^ & all 

CooqueroDT. ^^^ Burgeses within London^ French and English. And I 
gratmt that they be all their law worth, that they were in 
Edwards dayes the king. And I will that each child bee his 
fathers heire. And I will not suffer that any man do yon 
wrong, and God you keepe. And then in the raigne of the said 
Conqueror & of W. Rufus, Godfrey de MagnauiU was Port- 
graue, (or shirifTe) as may appeare by their Charters, and 

Pronost. Richard de Par was Prouost. 

In the raigne of king Henry the first, Ht^h Buche was 
Portgraue, and Leofstanus Goldsmith Prouost, buried at 
Bermondsey. 

Leyltnd. After them Aubery de Vere was Por^jraue, and Robert 

Bar Querel Prouost. This Aubery de Vere was slaine in the 
raigne of K. Stephen, It is to be noted also that K. H. the first 
granted to the Citizens of London the Shriuewicke thereof, 
and of Middlesex, as in another place is shewed. 

ShirifTes. In the raigne of king Stephen, Gilbert Becket was Portgraue, 

and Andrew Bucheuet Prouost 

After him, Godfrey MagnauiU, the sonne of William, the 
Sonne of Godfrey Magnauile, by the gift of Maulde the 
Empresse, was Portgraue or shiriffe of London and Middlesex, 
for the yearely farme of three hundred pounds as appeareth by 
the Charter. 

In the time of long H. the second, Peter Fits Walter was 
Portgraue : after himi lokn FUm Nigel was Portgraue : after 
him ErmUfus BueM became Fditgrmiie: and after him, 



• ' 



TemporcUl Gouemment 149 

WilUam Fits Isabel. These Por^^ues are also in diuers 
recordes called Vicejcounties, Vicounties, or shirifTes, as being Pagtjoj 
vnder an Earle, for that they then, as since, vsed that office Portgnuef, 
as the shiriffes of London do till this day. Some Authors sbh^et, and 
do call them Domesmen, Eldermen, or Judges of the kings Jndgw of tiic 

^ Kingi Cotirt, 

Court. & haae diere- 

WiUiam Fits Suphen, noting the estate of this Citie, and s^^^ 
gouemment thereof in his time vnder the raigne of king leftined in Uie 
Stephen^ and of Henry the second, hath these words. thdr Courto? 

This Ctttie (saith he) euen as Rome^ is diuided into wardes^ Domesmen of 
it hath yearely shiriffes insteade of Consuls^ it hath the Dignity kin^Court. 
of Senators and Aldermen^ it hath vnder Officers^ & according 
to the quality of lawes^ it hath seueral Courts^ and general 
assemblies vpon appointed dayes. Thus much for the antiquity 
of shiriffes, and also of Aldermen, in seuerall Wardes of this 
Cittie, may suffice. And now for the name of BailifTes, and 
after that, of Maiors as foUoweth. 

In the first yeare of king Richard the first, the Citizens of 
London obtained to be gouemed by two BailifTes, which Bailiffes of 
bailiffes are in diuers ancient deeds called shiriffes, according " ^"' 
to the speech of the lawe, which called the shire Balliuay for 
that they, like as the Portgraues, vsed the same office of 
shriuewicke, for the which the City paid to fee farme three 
hundreth pounds yearely as before, since the raigne of Henry 
the first, which also is yet paid by the Citie into the Exchequer 
vntill this day. 

They also obtained to haue a Maior, to be their principall 
Gouemour and Lieftenant of the citie, as of the kings Chamber. 

1189. The names of the first BailifTes, or Officers, entring 

into their office at the feast of Saint Michael the Arch- 

angell; in the yeare of Christ 11 89. were named* John 

Herlisony Roger Duke^ William de Hauerhill} bailiffes or 

sherifTes. 

Their i. Maior was H. Fitz Alwin Fits Liefstane, Gold- First Malor of 
smith, pointed by the said king, and continued maior from London. 

'"' O. ; Stow has Henry Cornhill and Richard Reynere, who vacated 
tffice on this date^ having been sheriffs since Easter 1187 ; Stow conse^ 
onently puts the sheriffs a year too late down to 1306. Z. has only 
Jobannes Herlisun a»id Roger le Due F, has the same error as Stow. 
\For abbreviations see Note on pp. 384-5 below,) 



150 Temporall Gouerntnent 

the first of Richard the first, vntill the fifteenth of kii^ lokn, 
which was 24. yeares and more. 

1 1 90. The 2. of Richard I, shirifFes William de HaverkiU^ 
John Bucuinte} Maior Henry Fitz Alwin? 

1 191. The 3. shirifTes Nicholas Duket^ Peter filius NeueUm.^ 
Maior Henry Fitz Alwin. \ 

Ptig€so4 1 192. The 4, Roger le Due, Roger Fitz Alan? Maior Henry 
Fitz Alwin. 

1 193. The 5. William Fitz Isabel, William Fitz Alulp 
Maior Henry Fitz Alwin, 

1 1 94. The 6. Robert Besaunt, lukel? Maior Henry Fitz Abvin. 

1 195. The 7. Godard de Antioclu^ Robert filius Durand? 
Maior Henry Fitz Alwin. 

1 1 96. The 8. Nicholas Duket, Robert Blund}^ Vi^xot Henry 
Fitz Alwin. 

1 197. The 9. Constantine Fitz Alulf}^ Robert de Bel.^^ Maior 
Henry Fitz Alwin. 

1198. The 10. Arftold Fitz Alulf}^ Richard BUmt.^'^ Maior 
Henry Fitz Alwin. 

King lohn began his raigne the sixt of Aprill 1199. 

1 1 99. The I. of King lohn, shirifTes Roger de Deserto^^ 

lames the Alder ma$i ^®; Maior H. Fitz Alwin. 

King lohn granted the shirifTewicke of London, and 
Middlesex, to the cittizens thereof, as king H. the first 
before had done^ for the summe of 300. pound yearly. Also 
he gaue them authority to chuse and depriue their shirifTes 
at their pleasure. 

' Bokointe, L ; Bucknote, S. ' See p. 384. 

' A., Z., O. ; Duke, 5. 

* Pctnis filius Neulun, Anc. Deeds A. 3383 ; Pctrus Ncvclun, L. ; 
Peter Newlay, S. 

* Ricardus filius Aleyn, H. ; Richard Fitz Alwin, S. 

• Fitz Arnold, S.\ filius Athulfi, L. 

' Jukclis Aldcmnannus, L.\ loke dc losuc, S.\ Jokcl Ic Jeofne, F. 

• A., L. ; Gcrad dc Anteloche, S. • Robert Durant, A.^ S. 
'• Roger Blunt, S. ; Rogenis Ic Blund, H. 

^^ filius Athelhulpbi, L.\ Fitz Amulpb. F. ; Fits Arnold, S. 
" U bel, Z.; Robert le Bed, /^; iUchaid de Bmgol S. 
^ Amulphus filius Athulfi, L.\ Anudd Flto AiM^o, F.\ Arnold Fiu 
Amdd, 5. ; Em. Rnf., A. ^ •j'l^'L^ 

^ Ricaxdus filius Baitholaii Hknew, S. 

"^.,Z.; Roger Desw it de Deserto, a 

'* James Fits Barthpi iliinieir,5. 



Temporall Gouernment 151 

I200. The 3. shirifTes Simon de Aldermanbury^ William Fits 

Alis} Maior Henry Fits Alwin. 
laoi. The 3. Norman Blund^ lohn de Cayo or Cay^\ M. 

Henry Fits Alwin. 

1202, The 4. Walter Brtm^ William Chamberleyn? Maior 
Henry Fits Alwin. 

Walter Brune, and Rose his wife, founded the Hospitall 
of saint Mary without Bishopsgate, commonly called saint 
Mary Spittle. 

1203. The 5. Thomas Haverel, Hamoftd Brond. Maior Henry 
Fits Alwin. 

iao4. The 6. John Walran^ Richard Wittchester? Maior 
Henry Fits Alwin. 

1205. The 7. John filius Elinatidi? Edmund Fits Gerard.^ 
M. Henry Fits Alwin.] 

1206. The 8. Henry of St. Albans^ Serlo the Mercer}^ Maior P^g^sos 
Henry Fits Alwin. 

1207. The 9. William Hardel}^ Robert Winchester}^ Maior 
Henry Fits Alwin. 

1208. The 10. Peter Duke}^ Thomas Nele.^^ Maior Henry 

Fits Alwin. 

The Kine, by his letters Patents, graunted to the Citizens 
of London Jibertie and authoritie yearely to chuse to them- 
selues a Maior. 

1209. The II. Peter Nenelun}^ William Blund}^ 'HLdiior Henry 
Fits Alwin. 

* Z., a, F.; Robert Fitz Alis, Anc. Deeds A. si 19; Walter Fitz Alis, S. 
' Blundel, S. 

' Anc. Deeds A. 195 1, 3550, o/f^Z.; John de Caike, O. ; John de Ely, 
//*., F. ; lohn de die, S. (Ely, in Summary). 

* Browne, S. * Anc. Deeds A. 3493 > Camerarius, O., L. 

* Anc. Deeds A. 2180; Walerain, 0.\ Walraven, F.^ L. ; Walgraue, S. 
^ de Wintona, O., L. 

' O.; Holyland, /^; Heliland,Z. ; filius Elinant,^ir^. />^^ A. 3333; 
Holland, S. 

* 5., /*., O. ; Edtnond de la Hale, L. ; Edmund de Angulo, Anc. Deeds 
u. s. ; Edm. fil. Ger., A. 

'• By omitting these Sheriffs Stow gets his next entries correct. 

^^ O^L.\ Edmond Hardle, 5., F. 

" Roger Winchester, 5., F. ; Robert de Wintona, O., L. 

" le Due, O., Z. ; Bukc, /T., F. 

** Thomas Aldennannus, O. ; Thomas filius Nigelli, Z. ; Thomas Fitz 
Nccl, F. 

*• 0.\ Pctrus Junior, L.\ Peter Jeofhe, F.\ Peter Ic losue, 5.; probably 
a son of the sheriff of 1191. *• Willelmus Witc, A.^ L. 



152 Temporall Gouernment 

12IO. The 12. Adam de Withebi^ Stephen le Gras? Maior 

Henry Fits Altuin, 
I an. The 13. lace^ Fitz Peter ^ John Garland, Maior Henry 

Fitz Alwin.^ 

This Henry Fitz A twin deceased, and was buried in the 
priorie of the holy Trinitie, neare vnto Aldgate. 

\%\%. The 14. Ralph Helyland^ Canstantine Fitz Alulf} 

Maior Roger Fitz Alan? 

1213. The 15. Martin Fitz Alis, Peter Bate? Maior Ri^r 

Fitz Alan? 

This yeare the ditch about London was beg^un to bee 
made of 200. foote broad, by the Londoners. 

1 214. The 16. Salomon Basing^ Hugh Basing, Maior Serle 
Mercer}^ 

1 215. The 17. John Travars^ Andrew Neuelun}^ Maior 
William Hardel 

King Henry the third began his raigne the 19. of October, 
1216. 

1216. The I. shirifTes, Benet Senturer}^ William Blund?^ 
Maior lames Alderman for part, and Salomon Basing for 
part.** 

1217. second, Thomas Bokerel^ Ralph Eiland}^ Maior Serle 
Mercer?^ 

1218. TYi't^xxAJohiViel^Iocele SpicerP VidAOX SerU Mercer. 

> Wytcby, L. ; Whitcby, F. ; Whitlcv, S. 

' Crassus, L, ; le Grace, S, ^ lohn, 5. 

^ Henry Fitz Alwin dUd Sept. 19, 1212. See p. 315 below. 

' Elylond, H,, F, ; Randolf Eiland, S, ; Ralph Holmant, Helmer, or 
Holin, Anc, Deeds A. 2562, 2624, 11609; Elinant, A. 

* Anc, Deeds u. s. ; Constantine Josue, 5. ; There are no names for 
this year in O. 

^ Anc. Deeds u. s., Z., F, ; Henry Fitz Alwin, S. 

' Bath, L, * Z. ; Fitz Alwin, S, ; Serlo le Mercer, F. 

^^ Serlo le Mercer, L, ; William Hardel, F, 

'^ L. ; Newelond, F. ; Newland, S, ; O. has no names for this or the 
next year. 

'^ S,\ Benedict Campanarius, Z., Anc, Deeds A. 1476; Benedict le 
Sevnturer, F. 

'' Z., Anc. Deeds u. s. ; Willelmus Albus Trailers, A.\ Blond Travers, 
H, ; le Bloonditravers, F. ; Blome Travers, G. ; BlontiiHirB, S. 

^« 5., Z. » Hdylaimde. L. ; Elj^kiad, H.% Elinant, O. 

*• Serlo le Mercer fiictoa tal 1 "'"' " s V* doravit per 

quinque annos, L. 

^ F. ijf^wott Am. D^ -A; lohn le 

Spicer, ■>• 



Temporall Gouernment 153 

The Forrest of Middlesex, and the warren of Stanes were 
this yeare disaforrested. | 

laip. The fourth, Richard Wimbledon, lohn Viel> Maior/^j«/od 

Serle Mercer* 
I aao. The fifth, Richard Renger, lace le leofne? Maior Serle 

Mercer. 
isai. The sixt, Richard Renger, Thomas LambarU Maior 

Serle Mercer. 

Canstantine Fitz Alulf raised great troubles in this citie, 
and was hanged with his Nephew and other. 

12%%. The seuenth, William le loynour^ Thomas LambarL 

maior Richard Retiger.^ 
1%%^. The eight, lohn Tranars, Andrew BokereL Maior 

Richard Renger, 
1224. The ninth, lohn Trauarsy Andrew BokereL Maior 

Richard Renger. 

The king graunted to the comminaltie of London to haue 
a common s^e. 

I %%^ The tenth, Roger Duke, Martin Fitz William, maior 

Richard Renger. 
iaa6. The tlewenthf Roger Duke^ Martin Fitz William, maior 

Richard Renger. 

This yeare the king confirmed to the citizens of London, 
free warren or libertie to hunt a certaine circuite about the 
citie, in the waren of Stanes^ &c. And also that the citizens 
of London should passe tol-free throughout all England, 
& that the keddles, or weres in the riuer of Thames, and 
Midway should be plucked vp and destroyed for euer, &c. 
patent xi. Henry 3. 

\%%T. The twelfth, Stephen Bokerel, Henry Cocham.^ Maior 

Roger Duke? 

The liberties and franchises of London were ratified, and 
the king granted that either shirifTe should haue two Clarks 
and two sergeants, also that the Citizens should haue a 
common seale. 

* Vitalis, O. 

' F.\ Joceus Junior, L.\ Joceus Juvenis, Anc. Deeds A. 13423; Joce 
son of William, id, A. 1647, O. ; lohn Viel, 5. 
' O.y Z., F. ; Richard Renger, .S". 

* Hoc anno factus est Maior Londoniarum Ricardus Renger qui duravit 
per V. annos, L. ; Serle Mercer, 5. 

* de C<dduun, Z., Anc. Deeds A. 1489 ; de Cobham, F. 

* qui dnravit per iiij. annos, L. 



154 Temporall Gouemment 

1228. Tli^\}nxtciai^^ Stephen BckerelljHenrieC^ maior 
Roger Ducke. 

1229. The fourteenth, Walter de Winchester} Robert Fits 
lohn. Maior Roger Duke, 

1230. The fifteenth, Richard Fits Walter? lohn de Wobame. 
Maior Roger Ducke. \ 

Pagejoj 1231. The xvi. Michael de St. Helena? Walter le Bufle.^ Maior 
Andrew BokereP Pepperer. 

1232. The xvii. Henry de Edmonton? Gerard Bat. Maior 
Andrew Bokerel Pepperer. 

1233. The xviii. Simon Fitz Mary, Roger Blunt? Maior 
Andrew Bokerel Pepperer. 

1234. The XIX. Ralph Ashwye? lohn Norman. Maior Andrew 
Bokerel Pepperer. 

1235. The XX. Gerard Bat, Robert Hardel? Maior Andrew 
Bokerel Peperer. 

1 236. The xxi. Henry Cocham}^ lordan of Coucntrie. Maior 
Andrew Bokerel pepperer. 

1237. The xxii. lohnToloson}^ Geruais the Cordwainer.** Maior 
Andrew Bokerel " pepperer, [and then Richard RengerY^* 

1238. The xxiii. lohn de Codres}^ lohn de Wylhale^^\ M. 

Richard Renger^ [and then William Iqyner']}^ 

This William loyner builded the Quire of the Gray 
Friers church in London, and became a lay brother of that 
house. 



' Z., F,, Anc, Deeds, A. 1626. ; William Winchester, 5. 
' a, Z,., F, ; Richard Walter, S. 
' Michael S. Helan, 5. 

^ Anc. Deeds A. 1485, B. 3348 ; le Bufler, O, ; le Busle» A. ; Walter de 
BufTell, 5. 

* duravit per vij. annos, Z. * Edelmeton, O. Z., F. 
^ Blund, O. 

' Eswy, Anc. Deeds A. 1791 ; Radulfus Elwy, Mercer, L. 

* Z., F., Anc. Deeds A. 1807 ; Richard Hardle, S. 
*• Cokham, L. ; Cobham, F. 

" de Tulesan, L,, O. : Tolosane, F. 

*' Gervasius Chordewaner, G. ; Gervasius Catnerarius, Z. 

" Hoc anno obiit Andreas Bokerel, et fACXns est Maior Ricardus 
Renger, Z. 

^ O. ; de Koodres, Z. ; Coondres, /^ ; Codras, 5. 

» a, L. ; Wilhal, S. 

** Hoc anno obiit pradictos Ricaidnt Rmmhet Maiofi et ^sictus est Maior 
Willielinos Joynieri JL ; RJH 



Temporall Gouernment 155 

1^39. The xxiiii. Reiner'^ de Bangey^ Ralph Ashwy? Mayor 

Gerard Bat? 
1340. The XXV. lohn de Gisars^ Michael Touy,^ Maior 

Reginald Bungeye.^ 

This yeare. Aldermen of London were chosen, and 
chaiinged yearely, but that order lasted not long. Gerard 
Bat was againe elected Maior for that yeare to come, but 
the king would not admit him, being charged with taking 
money of the victualers in the precedent yeare. 

ia4i. TTie xxvi. Thomas Duresme^ lohn Viel? M. Rolph 

Ashwy? 
1042. The xxvii. Robert Fitz lohn? Ralph Ashwye}"^ Maior 

Ralph AshwyeM 
1243- The xxviii. Hidgh Blunt, Adam Basing?^ Maior Ralph 

Ashwye. 

1244. The xxix. Ralph de Arcubus spicer,^^ Nicholas Bat. 
Maior Michael Touy}^ 

1 245. The xxx. Robert of Comehil, Adam of Bentley}^ Maior 
lohn Gisors Pepperer.^® 

1346. The xxxi. Simon Fits Mary, Laurence Frowicke. Maior 

Peter Fitz Alan?'' \ 

Simon Fitzmary founded the Hospital! of Mary called ^<v« soS 
Bethelem without Bishopsgate. Queene Hith let to farme 
to the dttizens of London. 

^ F,^ Anc. Deeds A. 3017 ; Reginaldus, L,0. ; Roger, S. 
' RadaHiis Eswy, Mercer, L, ; Aswy, O* 

' Owing to a dispute with the King there was no Mayor till Jan. 13, 
1240, when Bat was admitted^ L. ; Wflliam loyner, 5. 

* Anc. Deeds A. 140, Z., F. ; Tony, 5. 

* Z. ; Bat was elected as slewed by Stow, but not admitted, 

* de Dnrfaam, L. 

* John son of John Viel, Z., Anc. Deeds A. 7834. 

' Anc. Deedsy^ o. s. ; Radulfus £lwy [mercer] qui duravit per tres 
annos, L. ; Reginald Bongey, 5., F. 

* L., O.; lohn Fitz lohn, 5., F. ** Radulfus Eswy, Aurifaber, JL 
^ Ralph Haswy occurs as Mayor in June^ 1243, a/. Anc. Deedty D. 

3Jo; Reginald Bongey, 5., F. 

" O^ F.^ S, ; de Olsebume, L. 

" Z. ; Ralph Spicer, F. ; Raph Foster, S. " Tony, S. 

^^ de Benetlega, O. 

^ For this year see L, Nicholas Bat and Adam de Benetley were 
chosen sheriffs; Bat was rejected^ and succeeded first by John de Gisors, 
thon by Robert de Comehill. Michael Tovy was elected Mcyor; the 
King refused to eulmit him : and on Jan. I3., 1346, John de Gisors was 
chosen m his place. Cf. Anc. Deeds^ A. 1987. 

^ Z.9 Anc. Deeds A. 1893, 3506 ; John Gisors, S. 



156 Temporall Gouemment 

1347. 1*he 33. WilUam Vyel^ Nicholas Bat. Mayor 
Tauy? 

1348. The 33. Nicholas Fitz losey? Geffrey WimhesUr. M. 
Michael Tauy} 

1349. The 34. Ralph Hardel^ John de ToUsane.^ M. Roger 
Fitz Roger. 

1350. The 35. Humfrey le Feure^ William Fitz Richard. 
Mayor lohn Norman. 

1351. Th,^ ^6. Laurence Frowike, Nicholas Bat. MB,yorAdam 
Basing. 

1353. The 37. William Durham^ Thomas Wimborne. M.Iohn 

Tolason Draper. 

The king graunted that the Mayor should bee presented 
to the Barons of the Exchequer, and they should admit him. 

1 353. The 38. John Northampton^ Richard Pickard. Mayor 
Nicholas Bat? 

1354. The 39. William AshTvy? Robert de Linton}^ Mayor 

Rcdph ^^ Hardel Draper. 

The liberties of this city were seized, the Mayor charged 
that hee looked not to the assize of bread. 

The Maior, diuers Aldermen^ and the shirifTes of London, 
were depriued, and other placed in their roomes. 

1 355. The 40. Mathew Bukerel, lohn le Mynur?^ M. Ralph *^ 
Hardel Draper. 

1356. The 41. Richard Ewel}^ William Ashzvie}^ Mayor 
Ralph " Hardel. 

» a, L. ; John Vicl, 5., F. 

' Aftc. Deeds A. 1470, L. ; Peter Fitz-Alan, F. ; Peter Fitt Alwin, 5. 

' Alius losce, O. ; filius Jocey, L. * Tonny, S. 

> Richard Hardell, S. 

* lohn Tholason, S. 

'^ 0.<tL.\ Faber, Anc, Deeds A. 2042 ; Bas, S. ; Bat, F. 
' L.^ Anc, Deeds A. 1605 ; Richard Hardell, diaper, 5. 

* William Eswy, Mercer, L, ; Ralph Ashwie, /*., S. 

^* Z., F, ; Robert of Limon, S. Ashwy and Linton were removed for 
neglect regarding the gaols (see voL i, p. 36 adove), in Feb. 1255, and 
Henry de Walemunt and Stephen de Oystergate (or Doo) appointed in 
their place. L. 

" Richard, S. 

" Stow gives Doo and Walmond (see above\ eu sheriffs for 1255-6. 
Consequently he gives the sheriffs for 1255-6 under 1256, and those y2^ 
1256-7 under 1257. 

" Richard, S. " Owel, 5. 

>* WiUiam Eswy, Drapparius, £. » Richard, S. 



Temporall Gouemment 157 

1^57. The 4a. Thomas Fits Thomas, William Grapefige. 

Mayor William Fitz Richard,^ 

The king caused the walles of this Cittie to bee repayred 
and made with bulwarks. 

1258. The 43. lohn Adrian^ Robert CornhilL Mayor lohn 
Gisors Peperer.* 

1259. Th® 44- Adam Bruning? Henry de Coventry, Mayor 
WUUam Fitz Richard. \ 

ia6o. The 45. lohn Northampton^ Richard Picard. Mayor Ptigeso9 

William Fits Richard. 
ia6i. The 46. Philip le Tayllur,^ Richard Walbrooke. Mayor 

Thomas Fits Thomas.^ 
1062. The 47. Robert de Mountpiler, Osbert de Suffolke. 

Mayor Thomas Fits Thomas.^ 

1263. The 48. Gregory Rokesley^ Thomas de Ford? Mayor 

Thomas Fits Thomas.^ 

The cittizens of London fortified the Cittie with iron 
chaines drawne thwart their streetes. 

1264. The 49. Edward Blund^ Peter Angar. Mayor Thomas 
Fits Thomas? 

1065. The 50. bailiffs, lohn Adrian, Walter Hervi, till 28. Nov., 

and then Sir lohn de la Linde and lohn Walrauen ; custos 

Hugh Fits Otho.^^ 

The chaines and postes in London were plucked vp, the 
Mayor and principall Cittizens committed to Ward, and 



^ The year began with Ralph Hardel mayor, a#M/ Thomas Fitz Thomas 
and Robert de Catelonie, sheriffs, Robert died, and Matthew Bukerel 
succeeded him on Oct 19. On Feb, i, 1358, all were removed, and 
a custos appointed with Michael Tovy and John Adrian to act as sheriffs. 
Finally on Feb, 13, Fitz Thomas, Grapefige, a$id Fitz Richard were 
appointed as above, L,, cf. Ann, Land, 50. Stow has none of these, 

^ The above is Stow's entry for 1259. Under 1258 he gave Comhill 
and Adrian as sheriffs and Richard Hanlle as mayor. The repetition of 
Cornhill asut Adrian /jv/f the sheriffs and mayors for 1259 to 1264 a year 
too late in Stow's list, 

' Browning, 5. 

* O., L, ; lohn Tailor, S, ^ Thomas FiU Richard, S. 

* T. Fitz T. Fitz Richard, S, 

^ L,\ de la Forde, O, ; de Lafford, F, ; de Deford, S. 

* Thomas Fitz Thomas Fitz Richard, S, 
'• * Thomas Fitz T. Fitz Richard, S, 

^ SoL, O, agrees, except for reading Lynde and Walerand. On May 6, 
1266, William Fitz Richard became sheriff and held office till Nov, 11, 
Z., O. S, has the sheriffs and mayor for 1264-5. 



158 Temporall Gouemment 

Otiwn Constable of tlie Tower, was made Custos of the 
Citty, &c. 
ia66. The 51. lokn Adrian^ Luctu de Batencaurt'^ \ custos 
Alan de la Saucke} 

This Alende la Sauch being a Baron of this Realme, and 
also chiefe lustice, was in the yeare 1270. slajme in West- 
minster hall by lohn Warren Earle of Surrey. 

The Earle of Glocester entered the Citty with an Armie> 
and therein builded bulwarkes, cast trenches, &c. 

1267. The 5a. [bailiffs]' lokn Adrian^ Lucas de Batencourt\ 

Custos ^ AUn de la Souch. 

Thomas Fits Theobald and Agnes his wife founded the 
Hospitall of S. Thomas of Aeon in Westcheape. 

ia68. The 53. WalUr Haruy, William Duresme} Custos 

Sir Stephen de Edeworth.^ 

A varience fell in London betweene the Goldsmithes and 
the Taylors, where through many men were slayne. 

1269. The 54. Thomas Basing^ Robert Comhill\ C. Httgh Fits 
Ottonis, custos of London and constable of the Tower.^ 

1270. The 55, Gregory Rocksley^ Henry Waleys. M. lohn 

Adrian^ Vintonen* | 

Pages'o The steeple of Bow church in Cheape fell downe, and slew 
many people. 

1271. The 56. Richard Paris^ lohn de Bodele? M. Sir Walter 
Haruy. 



' Adrian and Batencourt appointed Nov. li, Z. 

' Appointed June 33, 1267, L. S. gives John Hind o/i^ John Walrauen 
as sheriffs^ William Richards as mayor. 

' Held office till April 7, 1268, when William de Durham, and Walter 
Harvy succeeded^ Z., O. 

* Mayor, S. Succeeded hy Thomas de Eppegrave on April 7, 1268, and 
on July 26 by Sir Stephen ae Edeworth, L. 

* S. adds T. Wimbome. Harvy, and Duresme, or Durham were sue- 
ceeded as bailiffs on May 3 1269 by Robert de Comhill, and Thomas 
Basing, L, 

* Mayor, Sir Stephen Edward, S. Edeworth was succeeded in Feb, 
1269 by Hugh Fitz Otho. 

^ So S. Basing, Comhill, and Fitz Otho held qfice till July 6, 1270, 
when by the Kings consent the citizens chose John Admn, Draper, Mayor ^ 
and Philip le Tailur and Walter le Poter sheriffs^ Z., cf. O. and Anc, 
Deeds A. 2013. 

* Stow, by giving Walter Potter. Philnp Tailor, and John Adrian, makes 
all his names a year too laU mi im. when his error is rectijied by 
omitting William and Jc>l>« ^^ *^ 1297-8. 

* O. ; Btiddde^ L 



Temporall Gouemment 159 

1 272* Thc57, lohn Home, Walter Potter.^ Mayor Sir Walter 
Hartiy\^ C\xalto& Henry Fraivike^ Peparar, for part of that year.* 

King Edward the first b^anne his raigne the 16. of 
Nouember, 1272. 

1273. The first, Shiriffes Nic /tolas Winchester^ Henry Cauen" 
trie? M. Henry WalUs. 

1274. The 2. Lucas Bate{n)carte^ Henry Fraivike, M. Gregory 
Rocksley : chiefe Say-maister of all the kings Mints through- 
out England, and Keeper of the Kinges Exchange at 
London. 

1275. The 3. John Horne, Raph Blunt. Mayor Gregory 
Rocksley. 

1276. The 4. Robert de Araz^ Raph Le Feure? Mayor 
Gregory Rocksley. 

1277. The 5. lohn Adrian^ Walter LangUy.^ Mayor Gregorie 
Rocksley. 

1 278. The 6. Robert Basing^ William le Mazerer or Mazeliner? 
M. Gregorie Rocksley. 

1279. Th^ 7« Thomas Box? Raph de la More.^ M. Gregorie 
Rocksley. 

1280. The 8. William Farindon^ Nicholas Winchester. M. 

Gregorie Rocksley. 

This W. Farindon Goldsmith, one of the shiriffes, was 
father to Nicholas Farindon : Of these two, Farindon Ward 
took that name. 

1281. The 9. William le Mazerer or Maseliner}^ Richard 

Chigwel. M. Henry Walleis. 

This Henry Walleis builded the Tun vpon Comhill to bee 
a prison, and the Stockes to be a Market house. 

1282. The 10. Anketel de Bettinl}^ Walter le Blund}^ M. 
Henry Walleis. 

> le Poter, O. 

•~* Stow places this correctly under 1272. Harvy's election was dis- 
Putedf and Frowike was custosfrom Nov. 10, 1372, to Jan, 13, 1273. L. 

' Peter Cosyn, and Robert de Mellebume were elected^ but removed on 
Nov. y>/or taking bribes from bakers^ Z., and Anc. Deeds A. 6250. 

* Aiar, S. ^ Or Faber ; L. Fewre, 5. 

* le EjDS^eys, Anc. Deeds A. 2009 ; Longeleys, F. ; le Comwaleis, O. 
^ O. ; Maraliuer, S. ' Fox, S. 

* Delamere, S. ; atte More, F. ^® Maraliuer, S. 

" Anketrin de Betanil, S. ^' a, F. ; Raph Blund, S. 



i6o Temporall Gauemntent 

1283. The II. lordaine Goodcheape^ Martin Box. Mayor 

Henry Wallets. \ 

Pagejit Laurence Ducket Goldsmith, murdered in Bow Church, 
and the murtherers hanged. 

1284. The I a. Stephen Comhill^ Robert Roksley. Mayor 

Gregory Roksley^ Custos Raph Sandwitch} 

It was ordained, that Millars should haue but one half 
peny for a quarter of Wheat grinding, and the great water 
Conduit in Cheape was begun to be made. 

1285. The 13. Walter le Blunt? lohn Wade. C. Raph 
Sandwitch.^ 

1286. The 14. Walter Hawtowne? Thomas Cros? C. Raph 

Sandwitch, 

Wheate was solde at London for sixteen pence, and for 
twelue pence the quarter. 

1287. The 15. William Hereford, Thomas Stanes. C. Raph 
Sandwitch. 

1288. The 16. William Betain^ lohn Canterbury. C. Raph 
Sandwitch, Raph Barnauars and Sir lohn Britaine? 

1289. The 17. Salomon le Cutiller? Folke S. Edmond. C. Sir 

lohn Briton knight. 

This yeare a subsidie was graunted,for the reparations of 
London Bridge. 

1290. The 18. Thomas Romain, William de Leyre}^ C Ralph 
Sandwitch}^ 

1 29 1. The 19. Raph Blunt, Hamo Box. C. Raph Sandwitch}^ 

1 292. The 20. Henry Bole, Elias RusseL C. Raph Sandwitch. 

Three men had their right hand cut off, at the Standarde 
in Cheape, for rescuing of a prisoner, arrested by a Sergeant 
of London. 



* Till June 29, 1285, F. 

' /^ ; Custos, Raph Sandwitch and John Briton, S. 
^ le Withe, Anc. Deeds A. 2653. 

* According to F. Sir John Breton was Custos from Feb. 2, 1286, till 
Julyiuo, 1287. 

^ Hauteyn, O. * S., F., Anc. Deeds A. 2331 ; Gros, O. 

^ de Betoyne, O. ; de Betiime, Anc. Deeds C. 286. 
' See note an p. 385 below. 

* O. ; de LaiWEue, F., cf. Cal. Wills i. vrj,for Salomon de Lauvare, 
cutler ; Salamon le Sotel, S. 

^ de Lier, S. » Anc. Deeds A. 2010 ; Sir lohn Briton, S. 

^' Sir lohn Briton, knight, Raph Sandwitch, S. 



Temporall Gouernment i6i 

1293. The 21. Robert Rokesley the yongcr, Martin Afners- 
bury} C. Sir Raph Sandwitch^ 

1294. The aa. Henry Box^ Richard Gloucester, C. Sir /t?A» 

1295. '^h^ ^3* -'^^^^ Dunstable^ Adam de Halingbery. C. Sir 
/^A/r Britan>^ 

1296. The 24. Thomas of Suffolke^ Adam oi Fulham. C. Sir 

A?A» Briton.^ 

This yeare all the liberties of the Citty were restored, the 
maioralty excepted. | 

1297. The 25. William de Storteford^ lohn de Storteford.^ C. Pagts'^ 

Sir lohn Briton. 

Certaine Cittizens of London brake vp the Tunne vppon 
Cornhill, and took out prisoners, for the which they were 
grieuously punished. 

1298. The a6. Richard Refham^ Thomas Sely? Mayor 
Henrie Walleis. 

1299. The 27. lohn de Armenters^ Henry de Fyngrye}"^ Mayor 
Elias RusseL 

1300. The a8. Lucas de Hauering^ Richard Champs. Mayor 
Elias Russell. 

1301. The 29. Robert CaUor, Peter de Bosenho. Mayor, Sir 
lohn Blunt knight. 

1302. The 30. Hugh Pourt^ Sifnofi Paris. Maior, Sir lohn 
Blunt. 

1303. The 31. W. Combmartin^ lohn Bureford.^^ C. Sir lohn 
Blunt. 

1304. The 32. Roger Paris^ lohn de Littcolne. C. Sir lohn 
Blunt. 

Geffrey HertiUpole^ Alderman, was elected to bee Recorder 

* de Ambresbery, O* 

^ S. ; according to F. Breton became Custos on June il, 1294, cf. Anc^ 
Deeds C. 1^2^ and Mun. Gild. II. i. 242. 
' Anc. Deeds C. 12; Sir Raph Sandwitch, 5!> 

* Johannes le Blount, Mun. Gild. 

* Johannes le Blount. Mun. Gild. 

* Stow by omitting these natnes at last gets his dates right : see note on 
1370 above. 

^ le Mercer, Anc. Deeds B. 2238 ; Lefham, S. 

* Saly, Anc. Deeds B. 2238. 

* Armenter, S. ^ Fingene, S. 
" Buckford, S. 

STOW. II M 



i62 Temporall Government 

of London, and tooke his oath, and was appointed to weare 
his apparrell as an Alderman. 

1 305* The 33. William Cosine, Reginald Thunder ley. C. Sir 

lohn Blunt. 

1306. The 34. Geffrey Cundute^ Simon Bolet? C. Sir lokn 
Blunt. 

Seacole was forbidden to be burned in London, South- 
wark, &c. 

Edward the second b^;an his raigne the 7. of luly, the 
yeare of Christ, 1307. 

1307. The first, shiriffes, Nicholas Pigot^ Nigellus Drury. M. 
Sir lohn Blunt. 

1308. The second, W. Basing J anus leBotekr.^ Msiyor Nicho- 
las Faringdon Goldsmith. 

1309. The third, Roger le Paumer, lames of S. Edmond. 
Maior Thomas Romaine. 

1310. The fourth, Simon de Corpe^ Peter Blakeney^ Mayor | 

^^i^so Richard Reffam, Mercer. 

The king commaunded the Mayor & Comminaltie to 
make the wall of London from Ludgate to Fleetbridge and 
from thence to the Thames. 

131 1. The 5. Simon Merwod, Richard Wilford. Mayor, Sir 

John Gisors^ Pepperar. 

Order was taken, that Marchant straungers should sell 
their wares within forty dayes after their arriuall, or else the 
same to be forfeited. 

131a. The sixt, lohn Lambin, Adam Luikin.^ Maior, Sir 

lohn GisorSy Peperar. 
1 313. The sexxenth, Robert Burdeyn,^ Hugh de Garton. Maior 

Nicholas Farindon^ Goldsmith. 

Prices set on victuals, a fat stalled oxe, a4.s. a fat mutton, 

20.d. a fat goose two pence halfe penny, a fat capon two 

• pence, a fatte henne one penny, two chickens one penny, 

three pigeons one penny, twentie foure egges one penny, &c. 

« 

* attc Condut, O. » Bilct, S. 
. ' Boteoar, S. 

* Died in Aug. 131 1, a$ul was succeeded by lohn Cambridge; Ann. 
Lend. 175* 

* Ludekyn, Anc. Deeds B. iq8S ; he succeeded Wilford, who mas 
re-elected fut died im iMuin ^,^,^0. 

* O^F.iCa 



Temporall Gouemment 163 

1 31 4. T\i(t f\^\^ Stephen AUngdoHyHamafidChigweL Mayor, 

Sir lohn Gisors^ Pepperar. 

Famine and mortality of people, so that the quicke might 
vnneath bury the dead: Horse flesh, and dogs flesh was 
good meat 

1315. The ninihy Hamoftd Goodchepe^ WiUiam Bodelay. Mayor 
Stephen Abendan. 

iy.6. The 10. William Caustone} Raph Belancer. Mayor 

lohn Wingraue. 

An earely Haruest, a Bushell of Wheate that had beene 
sold for ten shillinges, was now sold for ten pence, &c. 

131 7. The eleventh, lohn Prior ^ W. Furtuis. Mayor lohn 

Wingraue. 

Such a murren of kine, that dogs and rauens that fed on 
them were poysoned. 

131 8. The twelfth, A?A« Pontel? lohn Balling, yi^yox lohn 
Wingraue. 

1319. 13. Simon Abiftdon^ I. Preston. M. Hamotid Chickwel^ 

Pepperar. 

lohn Gisors^ late mayor of London, and many other 
cittizens fled the citty for thinges laid to their charge. 

1320* The 14. Renauld at Conduit, W. Produn.^ Mayor | 

Nicholas Farendon, Goldsmith. P*^st4 

1321. The 15. Richard Constantifie, Richard Hackney. M. 
Hamond Chickwell, Peperar. 

1322. The 16. lohn Grantham, Richard Elie. M. Hamonde 

Chickwelly Peperar. 

Fish and flesh market established at the stockes in the 
midst of the Citty. 

1 323. The 1 7. Adam of Salisbury, lohn of Oxford, M. Nicholas 

Farindon, Goldsmith. 

Of this Nicholas Farifuion, and of William Farindofi his 
father, reade more in Farindon Warde. 

1324. The 18. Benet o{ Fulsham,^ lohn Cawson.^ M. Hamonde 
Chtckwell, Peperar. 

I3a5, The 19. Gilbert Mordon, lohn Cottofi. M. Hamotid 
Chickwell, Peperar. 

* Canston, S. ' Poyntd, (?., F. ; John Pulteney, G. 
" Prttdhomme, F. 

* a, F. ; Falham, 6\ * dc Caustone, a, F. 

M 2 



164 Temporall Gotiemment 

The Cittizens of London tooke the Bishoppe of Excester, 
& cut ofT his head at the Standard in Cheape. 

1326. The ao. Richard Rothing^ Roger Chaunteclere. Mayor 

Richard Betoyne^ Goldsmith. 

This Richard Rothing is said to new build the Parish 
church of S. lames at Garlicke Hith. 

Edward the third beganne his raigne the 25. of lanuary, 
the year, 1326. 

This king Edward granted, that the Mayor should be 
Justice for the Gaole deliuery at Newgate, that the Cittizens 
of London should not be constrained to goe out of the Citty 
of London to any warre. More he granted, that the liberties 
and franchises of the citty should not after this time, for 
any cause, bee taken into the kiiiges hands, &c. More hee 
graunted by his letters Patents, dated the sixt of March, 
that no Escheter should be in the Citty, but the Mayor for 
his time. 

1327. The first, shirifTes, //i?«r;' Darcicy lohfi HauUrn. Mayor 
Hamond Chickwell^ Peperar. 

This yeare the Walles of London were repayred. 

1328. The second, Siinon Fratuis, Hcftry CombmarHn. M, 
lohn Grantham, \ 

Pagejis 13^19. The 3. Richard le Lacer^ Henry Gisors? Maior, 

Simoft Swafidlatid. 

This yeare, the king kept a greate lusting in Cheape, 
betwixt Sopars lane, and the g^eat Crosse. 

1330. The 4. Robert of Elie^ Thomas Harewolde or Harre- 
wode.^ Mayor, Sir lohn Pultney^ Draper. 

1331. The 5. lohn Mocking, Aftdrew Auberie. Mayor, Sir 
lohn Pultfiey^ Draper. 

1332. The 6. Nicholas Pike, lohn Husbond. Mayor lohn 

Preston^ Draper. 

This yeare was founded Elsinges Spittle, by W. Risings 
Mercer, that became first Prior of that Hospitsdl. 

1333. The 7. lohn Hatnofid, William Hansard. Mayor, Sir 
lohn Pultney^ Draper. 

1334- The 8. lohn HingsUme^ Walter Turke. Mayor Regi- 
nald at Conduit^ Vintoner. 

^ l^'* BGitora,5. 

* ] KiiliUm,c;. 



lemporall Gouernment 165 

^335- The 9. WcUter de Moredan} Ralph de Vpton} Mayor 

RiginaldzX Conduit.^ 
1336. The 10. John Clarke,^ W{illiam) Curies.^ Mayor, Sir 

lokn Pultney, Draper. 

This Sir lohn Pultney founded a colledge in the parish 
church of S. Lawrence by Candlewicke streete. 

1337* Tl^c ^^* Walter Nele^ Nicholas Crane. Mayor Henry 
Darcy. 

Walter Nele, Bladesmith, gaue lands to the repayring of 
the high wayes about London. 

1338. The la. William Pomfret, Hugh Marbcrer.^ Mayor 
Henry Darcy. The king graunted that the Sergeantes of 
the lAzyot and shirifTes of London, should beare mases of 
siluer and guilt with the kings armes. 

1339. The 13. William T homey, Roger For sham? Mayor 
Andrew Aubery^ Grocer. 

1340. The 14« Adam Lucas ^ Bartlemew Deumars.^ Mayor 
Andrew Aubery, Grocer. 

1 34 1. The 15. Richard de Barking, lohn de Rokesly. Mayor 
lohn of Oxenford? Vintoner. 

134a. The 16. John Louekin^ Richard Kyslyngbnry}^ Mayor 
Simon \ Francis, Mercer. Pages 16 

The price of Gascojm wines at London, 4.d. & Reinish 
wine, sixe pence the Gallon. 

1343. The 17. lohn Syward^^ John Aylesham. M. lohn 
Hamond. 

1344. The 18. Geffrey Wichingham, Thomas Leggy }^ Mayor 
lohn Hamond. 

1345. The 19. Edmond Hemenhall, lohn of Glocester, Mayor 
Richard Leget. 

1346. The 20. lohn Croyden, William Claptus}^ M. Geffrey 
Wichingham, 

* Motdon, S. ' Richard Vpton, S. 

' /^ ; Nicholas Woton, 5., in the Summarie, Richard Wotton. 

* John le Clerk of North halle, O. ; John de Northalle, F., G. 

* William Curteys of Briklesworth, O, ; William de Brikelesworth, /^, G. 

* Marbeler, S, ' Frosham, S. 

' /^ ; Deux Mars, O, ; Maris, S. ; Mareys, G. 

* He died in office on June i8, and was succeeded by Simon Francis, F. 
*• RisUi^biiry, S» 

» Steward, S, » Leg, S. " 0., F. ; Cloptun, S., G. 



1 66 Temporall Gouemfnent 

1347. The ai. Adam Brabasoun^ Richard Bas{ingstoke). M. 
Thomas Leggy, Skinner. 

King Edward wonne Callis from the French. 

1348. The %2. Henry Picard^ Simon Dolsely.^ Mayor lohn 

Loueken^ Fishmonger. 

A great pest. Sir Walter Mannie^ knight, founded the 
Charterhouse by Smithfield, to be a buriall for the dead. 

1349. The ^3. Adam of Bury, Raph de Lenn? M. Walter 
Turk, Fishmonger. 

1350. The 24. lohn Notte, W. Worcester. Mayor Richard 
Kyslyngbury^ 

1 35 1. T\i^2^.Iohn Wroth, Gilbert Stayndrop? Msdor Andrew 
Aubury^ Grocer. 

1352. The 26. lohn Peche, lohn Stodeye? M. Adam Frauncis, 

mercer. 

This mayor procured an act of Parliament, that no knowne 
whore should weare any hoode, or attire on her head, except 
reied or striped cloth of diuers colours, &c. 

1353. The 27. W. Welded lohn Little. Mayor Adam Francis^ 

mercer. 

This Adam Francis was one of the founders of the 
CoUedge in Guildhall chappell, &c. Henry Frowike was the 
other. 

1354. The 28. William de Todenham? Richard Smelt. Mayor 
Thomas Leggy, Skinner. 

Aldermen of London, were vsed to be changed yearely, 
but now it was ordayned, that they should not be remoued, 
without some speciall cause. | 
Pagtjtj 1355. The 29. Walter Forester,^ Thomas Brandon. Maior 
Simon Francis, mercer. 
^35^« The 30. Richard Notingham, Thomas Dolsely}^ Maior 
Henry Picard, Vintoncr. 

This H. Picard tez&itd the Kings of England, of France, 
Cipres, and Scots, with other great estates, all in one day. 

1357. The 31. Stephen Cauendish}^ Bartholomew Frestlyngcs}^ 

Maior, sir lohn Stody Vintoncr. 

• Brapsen, S. • Dolseby, S. • of Lym, S. 
^ Killingbury, S. * Gilbert of Stenineshorpe, S. 

• Stotley, S. » Wilde, S. • Ttidenham, F. ; Totingham, S. 

• Forster, F.^ S. «• DobmL S. " Candish, S. 
*■ Frestlyng, F.\ ^^ m. S. 



Temper all Gouemment 167 

This lohn Stody gaue tenements to the Vintoners in 
London, for reliefe of the poore of that Company. 

1358. The 32. lohn Barnes^ John Buris. Maior lohn Louekin^ 
Stockfishmonger. 

1359. The 33. Simon of Benington^ lohn of Chichester. Maior 
Synum Dolsely} Grocer. 

1360. The 34. lohn Denis^ Walter Bemy, Maior /. Wroth^ 
Fishmonger. 

1 36 1. The 35. William Holbech^ lames Tame. Maior /. Pectie^ 
Fishmonger. 

1362. The 36. lohn of S. Albons^ lames Andrew. Maior Ste- 
phen Cauendish? Draper. 

1363. The 37. Richard Croyden, lohn Hiltoft? Maior lohn 
Not^ Pepparer. 

1364- The 38. lohn de Mitford^ Simon de Mordoft. Maior 

Adam of Bury^ Skinner. 
^3^5* The 39. John de Briklesworth^^ Thomas Ireland. Maior 

lohn Louekin^ Fishmonger, and Adam of Bury^ Skinner.^ 

1366. The 40. lohn Warde, Thomas of Lee. Maior lohn 

Lofkin^ Fishmonger. 

This lohn Lofkin builded the parish church of saint 
Michael in Crooked Lane. 

1367. The 41. lohn Turngold^ William Dikeman. Maior 
lames Andrew^ Draper. 

1368. The 42. Robert Girdelere^ Adam Witnondham. Maior 
Simon Mordon^ Stockfishmonger. 

This yeare Wheate was sold for a.s. 6.d. the bushell. 

1369. The 43. lohn Piely Hugh Holbech? Maior lohn Chi- 
chester^ Goldsmith. | 

1370. The 44. William Walworth^ Robert Gey ton. Mayor Pa^jis 
lohn Barnes^ mercer. 

1371. The 45. Adam S table ^^ Robert Hatfield. Maior lohn 

Barnes^ mercer. 

This John Barnes gaue a chest with three lockes, and one 
thousand marke to be lent to poore yong men. 



> Dolseby, S. ' F. ; Gondish, S. 

* Litoft, S. * Bryklisworth, F. ; Bukulsworth, S. 

* Bury was mayor till Jan, 28, 136(5, when Lovekin succeeded^ F. 

* Gurdckr, F. ; Cordclcr, S. ^ Holdich, S. • Staple, S. 



i68 Temporall Gouermnent 

1372. The 46. lohn Philpot, Nicholas Brembar. Maior lohn 
Piel, Mercer. 

1373. The 47. lohn Aubury^ lohn Fifhyde? Maior Adam of 
^i^y SIdnner. 

1374. The 48. Richard Lions ^ William Woodhouse. Maior 
WiUiam Walworth^ Fishmonger. 

1375. The 49. lohn Hadlcy, W. Newport. Maior To. Wardy 
Grocer. 

1376. The 50. John Northampton^ Robert Laund. Maior 

Adam Stable t mercer. 

The Londoners ment to haue slaine lohn Duke of Lan- 
caster: Adam Stable maior put downe, and Nicholas 
Brembar elected. Also the Aldermen were deposed, & other 
set in their places. 



Richard the second began his raigne the 21. of lune, in 
the yeare 1377. 

1377. The first, shiriflfes, Nicholas Twifordy Andrew Pikeman. 

Maior, sir Nicholas Brembar ^ Grocer. 

lohn PkUpot a Citizen of London, sent shippes to the sea, 
and scoured it of Pirates, taking many of them prisoners. 

1378. The 2. lohn Boseham^ Thomas Cormvalis. Maior, sir 

lohn Philpoty Grocer. 

This Sir lohn Philpot gaue to the Citie lands for the 
finding of thirteene poore people for euer. 

1379. The 3. John Helisdon, William Barrat. Maior lo. 
Hadley^ Grocer. 

1380. The 4. Walter Doget, WiUiam KnighUoaU. Maior 

W. Wahvorthy Fishmonger. 

This WiUiam Wahvorth arrested Wat Tiler the rebel, 

& was knighted. He increased the parish church of Saint 

PitgiS'9 Michael in | Crooked lane, and founded there a coUedge. 

Other Aldermen were also knighted for their seruice in the 

field. 

1381. The 5. lohn Rote, John Hend. Mayor lohn Northampton, 
Draper. 

1382. The 6. Adam Bamme, lohn Sely. Mayor John North- 
ampton, Draper or Skinner, as I find in record. 

1383. The 7. Simon Winchcombe, li^H Jlforr. Mayor, Sir 

* Fyfflde» /; ; Mihtd. S. 



Temporall Gouernment 169 

Nicholas Brembar^ Grocer. John Northampton, late Mayor 
of London, was committed to perpetuall prison, and his 
goods confiscated. 
A 384. The 8. Nicholas Exton, John Fressh} Mayor, Sir 
Nicholas Brembar^Gtoctx^ knighted with WiUiatn Walworth. 

1385. The 9. lohn Organ ^ lohn Churchman. Mayor, Sir 
Nicholas Brembar, Grocer: the foresaid lohn Churchman 
new builded the custome house neere to the Tower of 
London, and did many other works for the commodity 
of this Citie. 

1386. The 10. W. Standone^ W. More, Maior Nic/iolas 
Exton^ Fishmonger. This yeare the Citizens of London, 
fearing the French, pulled downe houses neare about their 
City, repaired their walles, and clensed their ditches, &c. 

1387. Then. William Venor, Hugh Fastolf? M^ior Nicholas 
Exton, Fishmonger. Sir Nicholas Brember, late Maior of 
London, was this yeare beheaded. 

1388. The \%. Thomas Austin^ Adam Carlhul. Maior Nicholas 
Tuiford^ Goldsmith, knighted with W. Walworth. 

1389. The 13. lohn Walcot, lohn Louenay.^ Maior William 
Venor^ Grocer. 

1390. The 14. lohn Francis^ Thomas Viuefit. Maior Adam 
Bamme^ Goldsmith: this Adam Bamme prouided from 
beyond the seas Come in great aboundance, so that the 
Citie was able to seme the countrie. 

139 1. The 15. lohn Shadworth^ Henry Vanner.^ Maior lohn 
Hend^ Draper : this mayor was for displeasure taken, sent 
to Windsor Castle, and the king made Warden of the Citty, 
&c. 

1392. The 16. Gilbert Maghfield^ Thomas Neuton.^ maior 
William Stondone, Grocer. I 

'393» The ij.Drew Barintin^ Richard Whitington. tmyor Ptt^ j^o 
John Hadky, Grocer : Faringdon Warde was by Parliament 
appointed to be diuided into two Wardes, to wit, infra, 
& extra. 



» French, S. 

* Staundone, F. ; Staman, O. ' Forstalfe, S, 

* Loveye, F. ; Loneye, O. * Vamcr, .S'. 

* Newington, S. 



lyo Temper all Gouemment 

1394. The 18. William Brampton} Thomas Knoles. mayor 
lohn Froshe} mercer. 

1395. The 19. Roger Elks, William Shyryngham? maior 
William More^ Vintner. 

1396. The %o. Thomas Wilford, William Parker, maior 
Adam Bamme, Goldsmith. 

1397. The ai. lohn Wodcoke, William Askam. maior 
Richard Whitington^ mercer. 

1398. The %%. lohn Wade, lohn Warnar. maior Drew 
Barenfin, Goldsmith. 

Henry the fourth began his raigne the 29. of Septemb. 
the yeare 1399. 

1399. The I. shirifTes, William Waldem, William Hyde} 
mayor Thomas Knoles, Grocer. 

1400. The a. lohn Wakely William Enote!" maior lohn 
Fraficis, Goldsmith. 

1401. The 3. William Venor, lohn Fremelyngham} maior 
lohn Shadworthf mercer: the Conduit vpon Comhill was 
this yere made of an old prison house called the Tunne. 

140a. The 4. Richard Marlow, Robert Chicheley. maior I. 
Walcote, Draper. 

1403. The 5. Thomas Falconer, Thomas Poole, maior W. 
Ascham^ Fishmonger. 

1404. The 6. William Louthe} Stephen Spilman. maior lohn 
Hend, Draper: this lohn Hend was a new builder of the 
parish church of Saint Swithen by London stone. 

1405. The 7. Henry Barton^ WiUiam Crowmere? maior lohn 
Wodcocke, mercer : this maior caused all the Weres in the 
riuer of Thames, from Stanes to the riuer of Medwey, to 
bee destroyed, and the trinkes to be burned, &c. 

1406. The 8. Nicholas Woo ton, Gefferey Brooke, maior { 
Pages2i Richard Whittington, mercer. This year a great pestilence 

in London tooke away more then 30000. people. 



* Bramston, S. • p • •" 

» Scuenoke,.y. « ^ K\ Ebot, 5. 

* lohn Fitmlaghatn. ^ 

* Booth, 5. 



Temporall Gouemment 171 

1407. The 9. Henry Pontfrackt^ Henry HalUm^ Mercer. Maior 
William Standon^ Grocer. 

1408. The 10. Thomas Duke} William Norton. Maior Drew 
Barentine, Goldsmith. This Drew Bareniine builded a part 
of the Goldsmith Hall, and gaue them lands. 

1409. The II. lokn Lane} William Chichley. M. Richard 
Marlaw^ Ironmonger. A great play at Skinners well, which 
lasted ei|^t dayes, and was of matter from the creation of 
the world : the most part of all the great Estates of England 
were there to behold it. 

1 410. The I a. lohn Penne, Thomas Pike. Maior Thomas 
KnoleSf Grocer. This Thomas Knoles began anew to biiild 
the Guild hall in London, &c. 

141 1. The 13. lohn Rainwel^ William Cotton. Maior Robert 
Chichley^ Grocer. 

1412. The 14. Ralph Lobenham} William Seuenocke. Maior 
William Waldren^ Mercer. 

Henry the fift b^an his raigne the 20. of March, the 
yeare 141a. 

1 41 3. The I. shirifTes, lohn Sutton^ lohn Micholl.^ Maior 
William Cromar^ Draper. Sir lohn Oldcastle assembled 
a great power in Pickets field by London, which power was 
ouercome and taken by the king and his power. 

1414. The a. John Michelle Thomas Alen. M. Th. Falconer^ 
mercer : this maior caused the Posteme called Moregate to 
bee builded, and he lent to the king loooo. marks upon 
Jewels, &c. 

1415. The 3. William Cambridge, Alen Eucrard. maior 
Nicholas Wotton, Draper. 

1416. The 4. Robert Whittingion, lohn Conentrie. M. Hen. 
Barton^ Skinner : this Henrie Barton ordajmed Lanthomes 
with lights to bee hanged out on the Winter euening betwixt 
Hallontide and Candlemasse. 

1417. The 5. H. Read, lo. Gidney? M. Ri. Marlow, Iron- 
monger. 



* Ducke, S. • Law, S. ' Lovinhinde, S. 

* MichcU, S\ Nicholc, G. '^ Gedney, O. 



172 Temporall Gouemment 

141 8. The 6. lohn Brian^ Raph Barton^ lohn Pamesse} maior 
Pag€S2a William Seuenoke : this William Seuenoke^ sonne to WU\l%am 

Rumsched of Seuenoke in Kent, was by his father bound an 
Apprentise with Hugh de Bois Citizen and Ferrer of London, 
for a terme of yeares, which being expired in the yeare 1394. 
the xviii. of Richard the 2. lohn Hadley being maior of 
London, and Stephen Spilman Chamberlaine of the Guild- 
hall: he alledged that his maister had vsed the trade or 
mystery of a Grocer, and not of a Ferrer, and therefore 
required to bee made free of the Grocers companie, which 
was graunted : this William Seuenoke founded in the towne 
of Seuenoke a free schoole, and almes houses for the poore. 

141 9. The 7. Robert Whityngham^ lohn Butler? Maior 
Richard Whittington^ Mercer: this maior founded Whit- 
tington CoUedge. 

1440. The 8. lohn Butler}' lohn Wells. Maior William 
Cambridge^ Grocer. 

1 42 1. The 9. Richard Gosseline^ William Weston. Maior 
Rob. Chichley^ Grocer. This maior gaue one plot of ground 
thereupon to build the parish church of S. Stephen vpon 
Walbrooke. 

Henrie the sixt b^an his raigne the 31. of August, the 
yeare 1422. 

1422. The I. shiriffes, William Eastfield, Robert Tatarsall. 
Maior William Waldern, mercer. This yeare the west gate 
of London was begun to be builded by the Executors of 
Richard Whittifigton. 

1423. The 2. Nicholas fames, Thomas Wandesford.^ Maior 
William Cromer, Draper. 

1424. The 3. Simon Seman, lohn Bywater? Maior lohn 
Michel, Fishmonger. 

1425. The 4* William Meheth, lohn Brokle? Maior lohn 
Cauentrie, mercer. 

1426. The 5. John Arnold, lohn Higham. M. lohn Reinwell, 
Fishmonger. Thb maior gaue tenements to the Citie for 
the discharge of three wards in London for fifteenes, &c. 

* Pemys, F. ; Purveys, O. 

• Whittington, S. » Bodller, O. ; Boteler, F. 

* Boeder, O^ F. * Waynesford, F. ; Windford, S. 

• Bythewatcr, O. ^ BnJcell, S. 



Temporall Gouemment 173 

1437. The 6. Henrie Frowicke^ Robert Oteley. Maior lohn 

Gidftey^ Draper. 
I4a8. The 7. Thomas Duffehouse^ lohn Abbot Maior | Henry Pagts^s 

Barton^ Skinner. 

1429. The 8. WilHam Russe^ Raph Holland. Maior WiUiam 
Eastfield^ mercer. Rc^h Holland gaue to impotent poore 
120 pound, to prisoners 80. pound, to hospitals 40. pound, &c. 

1430. The 9. W altar Chartsey^ Robert Large. Maior Nicholas 
Wotton, Draper. IValtar Chartesey^ Draper, gaue to the 
poore ioo.li. beside so.li. to the Hospitals, &c. 

1431. The 10. lohn Hatherley^ Stephen Browne. Maior lohn 
Wels^ Grocer. This lohn Wels, a great benefactor to the 
new building of the Chappell by the Guild hall, and of his 
goods the standard in west Cheape was made. 

1433. The !!• John Olney^ lohn Paddesley. M. lohn Pameis^ 
Fishmonger. 

1433. ^^^ ^^* Thomas Chalton^ John Ling. Maior John Brokle^ 
Draper. 

1434. The 13. Thofnas Barnewell^ Symon Eyre. Maior Robert 
Oteley^ Grocer. 

1435. The 14. Thomas Catworth, Robert Clop ton. Maior 
Henry Frowicke^ Mercer. 

1436. The 15. Thomas Morsted^ William Gregorie. Maior 
John Michel^ Fishmonger. 

1437. The 16. William Hales, William Chapman. Maior, Sir 
William Eastfield^ mercer : this sir William Eastfield knight 
of the Bath, a great benefactor to the water Conduits. 

1438. The 17. Hugh Dyke^ Nicholas Yoo. Maior Step/tett 
Browne^ Grocer. Wheate solde for three shillings the 
Bushell: but this man sent into Prusiay & caused to be 
brought from thence certaine ships laden with Rie, which 
did great rdiefe. 

1439. The 18. Philip Malpas, Robert Marshal. Maior Robert 
Large y Mercer. Philip Mcdpas at his decease gaue I2ali. 
to poore prisoners, and euery yeare for iiue yeares 400. 
shirts and smocks, 40. payre of sheetes, and 15a gowns of 

frise to the poore, to poore maides marriages loa markes, to 

» 

* Athcrlc, F. ; Aderley, S. • Dikcr, S. 



174 Temporall Gotiemment 

high wayes, loo. markes, and to 500. poore people in London 
euery one six shillings eight pence, &c. 

1440. The 19. lohn Sutton^ WUliatn Wetinhale. Maior lohn 
Paddesky^ Goldsmith, mayster of the Workes of money in | 

Pages24 the tower of London. 

1441. The 20. William Combes} Richard Rich. M. Robert 
Cloptoft^ Draper. 

1442. The ai. Thomas Beamont^ Richard Nor don? M. lohn 
Hatherley^ Ironmonger. 

1443. The 1%. Nicholas Wyfold} lohn Norman. Maior Thomas 
Catworthy Grocer. 

1444. The 23. Stephen For star ^ Hugh Witch. Maior, Henrie 
Frowicke^ mercer : this yeare Powles steeple was fiered with 
lightning and hardly quenched. 

J 445. 24. lohn Darby y Godfrey Filding.^ Mayor Simon Eyre^ 
Draper: this Simon Eyre builded the Leaden Hall in 
London, to bee a common gamer for the dtty, &c 

1446. The 25. Robert Horne^ Godfrey Bolaine? Maior lohn 
Olneyy mercer. 

1447. The 26. William Abraham^ Thomas Scot. Mayor lohn 
Gidney} Draper. 

1448. The 27. William Cantelowe? William Marrow. Mayor 
Stephen Browne, Grocer. 

1449. The 28. William Hulin, Thomas Caninges. Mayor 
Thomas Chalton, mercer : this yeare lacke Cade a Rebell of 
Kent came to London, entered the Citty, &c. 

1450. The 29. I\ohn\ Middletofh William Deere. Mayor 
Nicholas Wyfold? Grocer. Souldiers made a fray against the 
maior the same day he tooke his charge at Westminster. 

1451. The 30. Mathew Philips Christopher Warter}^ Mayor 
William Gregory , Skinner. 

1452. The 31. Richard Lee, Richard Alley. Mayor Godfrey 
Filding mercer, of counsell to H. the 6. and E. the fourth : 
this yeare was a great fray at the wrastling. 



^ Combis, 5. ; Combys, G. ' Beaumond, O. 

' Morden, S. ; Northeyn Chran, Lond, 15a * Wilfordc, S, 

» Fddyng, F. • Bolcyn, F. ' Gedney, F 

• Catlow, S. ^ F.; Wilfordc, S. " Warton, S. 



Temporall Gouernment 175 

1453* 1^ 3^ lohn W olden} Thomas Cooke. Mayor lohn 

Norman^ Draper: this John Norman was the first Maior 

that was rowed to Westminster by water, for before that 

time they rode on horsebacke. 
1454. The 33. lohn Field, W. Taylor* Mayor Stephen Forstar, 

Fishmonger: this Stephen For star enlarged Ludgate for the 

ease of prisoners there, &c. | 
1455- The 34- I^^^ y^gy Thomas Olgraue? M. William Page 325 

Marrow^ Grocer. The Mercers seruants in London made 

a note vpon the Lombards and other strangers. 

1456. The 35. lohn Styward} Raph Verney. Maior Thomas 
Caningy Grocer. 

1457. The 36. William Edwards^ Tfiomas Reitier. Maior 
Godfrey Boloine, mercer. This Godfrey Boloine gave looo 
pound to poore housholders in London, &c. 

1458. The 37. Raph loceline, Richard Nedeham.^ Maior 
Thomas Scot, Draper. 

1459. The 38. lohn Plommar, lohn Stockar? Maior William 
Hulin, Fishmonger. 

1460. 39. Richard Fleming lohn Lambard. Maior Richarde 
Lee^ Grocer. 

Edward the fourth began his raigne the fourth of March 
in the yeare 1460. after the account of the Church of England. 

1461. The first, shiriifes, George Ireland, lohn Locke. Maior 
Hugh Witch, mercer. 

1463. The 2. William Hamptofi, Bartholomew lames, M. 
Thomas Cooke, Draper, made knight of the Bath in the fift 
of Edward the fourth, and had great troubles after. 

1463. The 3. Robert Basset ^^ Tliomas Muschampe. Maior 
Mathew Philip^ Goldsmith, made knight of the Bath, the 
fift of Edward the fourth, and after in the field the tenth of 
Edward the fourth. 

1464. The 4. lohn Tate, lohn Stone. Maior Raph loceline. 
Draper, knight of the Bath^ and also in the field. 

1465. The 5. Henrie Wauer, William Constantine. Maior 

* Waldron, S. ' Oulcgrcvc, O. ; Holgrave, G, 

' Steward, S. * Medham, 5. * Stokker, F. ; 

Stokkes, O. * Baslet, S. 



176 Temporall Gouemnient 

Raph Verneyy mercer. Henrie Wauer one of the shiriffes, 
made knight of the Bath. 

1 466. The 6. lohn Bromer} Henry Brice? Mayor lohn Yotig^ 
Grocer, made knight in the field. This yeare bq[an the 
troubles of sir Thomas Cookie and of other Aldermen, as yee 
may read in my Summarie. 

1467. The 7. Thomas Stalbroke^ Humfrey Heyford. Maior 
Thomas Oldgraue^ Skinner. | 

Pages26 1468. The 8. Symon Smith, William HarioL Maior William 
Tayler^ Grocer. This Maior gaue tenementes to dischai^e 
Cordwa}mer streete ward of fifteenes. 

1469. The 9. Richard Gardener , Robert Drope, Maior Richard 
Lee^ Grocer. This yeare the tower of London being deliuered 
to the Maior and his brethren, they deliuered king H, from 
thence. 

1470. The 10. Sir lohn Crosbie^ lohn Ward. Maior Sir (^lohn) 
Stockton^ Mercer. Thomas the Bastard Fauconbridge with 
a riotous companie set vpon this Citie, at Aldgate, Bishops- 
gate, the Bridge, &c. and xii. Aldermen with the Recorder 
were knighted in the field by Edward the 4. to wit, lohn 
Stokton Maior, Raph Vemey late maior, lohn Yong late 
maior, William TayUr late maior, Richard Lee late maior, 
Mathew Philips late maior, George Ireland^ William Stoker ^ 
William Hampton since maior, Thomas Stalbroke^ lohn 
CrosbiCy and Bartlemew lames since maior, with Thomas 
VrsTvike Recorder. 

1 47 1 . The 1 1 . lohn Allin^ lohn Shelley. Maior Willey Edward^ 
Grocer: the water Conduit at Aldermanburie, and the 
standard in Fleetstreet were finished. 

1472. The 1%. lohn Browne^ Thomas Bledlow. Maior, Sir 
William Hampton^ Fishmonger : this sir William Hampton 
punished strumpets, and caused stockes to be set in euery 
ward to punish vagabonds. 

1473. The 13. Sir William Stokar^ Robert Belisdon? Maior 
lohn Tate, mercer : this yeare the Shirifles of London were 
appo3mted each of them to haue sixteene Sergeants, euerie 

^ Browne, S, 

* Brioe, iked June 20, 1467, and was succeeded by lohn Stokton, F, 

* BiUesdon, a, F. 



Temporall Gouemment 177 

Sergeant to haue his yeoman, and six Clearkes, to wit, 
a Secondarie, a Clearke of the Papers, and foure other 
ClearkeSy besides the vnder shiriffes Clearkes. 

1474. The 14. Ednumd Shaw^ Thomas Hil. Maior Robert 
Drope^ Draper: this Robert Drope increased the water 
conduit vpon Comehill, &c. 

1475. The 15. Hugh Brice, Robert Colwich. Maior Robert 
Basset Saltar : this Robert Basset corrected the Bakers, and 
other victualers of this Cittie. | 

1476. The 16. Richard Rawson^ William Home, Maior, Ax Pag^s^i 
Raph loceline^ Draper, knight of the Bath : by the diligence 

of this Maior, the walles of the Cittie were repayred. 

1477. The 17. Henry Collet, lohn Stoker ^ Maior Humphrey 
Hi^ford^ Goldsmith. 

1478. The 18. Robert Harding, Robert Bifield^ Mayor Richard 
Gardener^ mercer. Robert Bifield shirifTe was fined by the 
Maior, and payd 5o.li. toward the water Conduits. 

1479. The 19. Thomas Ilam^ lohn Warde. Maior, Sir Bar- 
tholomew lames^ Draper, made knight in the field, by E. 
the 4. 7*. Ham newly builded the gpreat Conduit in west 
Cheape. 

1480. The 20. Thomas Daniel, William Bacofi, Maior lohn 
Browne, Mercer. 

1481. The 21. Robert Tate, William Wiking} Mayor William 
Hariot^ Draper. 

1482. The 22. William White, lohn Mathew, Maior Edmond 
Sha Goldsmith. This Edmond Sha caused the Posteme 
called Cripplesgate to be newly builded> &c. 

Edward the fift began his raigne the 9. of April, in the 
yeare 1483. 

Richard the third b^an his raigne the 22. of lune, in the 
yeare 1483. 

1483. The I. shiriffes, Thomas Norland^, William Martin. 
M. Robert Bilisden, Haberdasher. 

1484. The 2. Richard Chester, Thomas Brittaine, Raphe 
Austrie. M. Tlio. Hill, Grocer, sir William Stocker, Draper, 

^ Wiking died Oct, 19, 1481, a9id, Richard Chawry was choten in his 
place, F. 
' Northland, O. ; Northlond, F. 

STOW, n I^ 



178 Temporall Gouemment 

loh. Ward, Grocer : three shirifTes and three Maiors this 
yeare by means of a sweating sickness, &c. Thomas Hil 
appointed by his testament the water Conduit in Grasse- 
street to be builded. 

Henrie the seuenth began his raigne the 2a. of August, 
in the yeare 1485. 

1485. The I. shirifTes, lohn Tate, lohn Swan. Maior Hugh 
Brise^, Goldsmith. This Hugh Brise was keeper of the 
kings mints at London. 

i486. The a. lohn Perciuall, Hugh Clopton. Maior Henry \ 
Pagej2S Collet mercer: the crosse in Cheape was new builded in 
beautifull manner. 

1487. The 3. lohn Fenkell, William Remington. Maior, Sir 

William Home, Saltar : this William Horne made knight 

in the field by Henry the 7. gaue to the repayring of high 

wayes betwixt London and Cambridge 500. marks, and to 

the preachers at Paules Crosse, &c. 

1488. The 4. W. Isaack, Raph Tilney. Maior Robert Tate, 
Mercer. 

1489. The 5. William Caple, lohn Brocke. Maior W. White, 
Draper. 

1490. The 6. Henry Cote, Robert Reuell^, Hugh Pemberton. 
Maior, lohn Mathew, mercer. 

1491. The 7. Thomas Wood, William Browne. Maior Hugh 
Clopton, mercer. Hugh Clopton builded the gpreat stone 
bridge at Stratford vpon Hauen in Warwicke shire. 

1492. The 8. WiUiam Purchase, William Welbecke. Maior 
William Martin, Skinner. A riot made vpon the Ester- 
lings by the Mercers seruants and other. 

1493. The 9* Robert Fabian, lohn Winger. Maior, Sir Raph 
Astrie, Fishmonger, made knight by H. the seuenth : Robert 
Fabian, Alderman, made Fabians Chronicle, a paineful 
labour, to the honor of the Cittie, and the whole realme. 

1494. Thcio. Nicholas A Iwine, lohn Warner. Maior, Richard 
Chawry, Salter. 

'495* The 11. Thomas Kmsworth, Henry Somer. Maior, 
Henry Colet, mercer* 

* Bike. F tj^ 1491. 



Temporall Gouemment 179 

1496. The 12. Sir lokn Ska, Sir Richard Haddan. Maior 
Sir lohn Tate the yonger, mercer, the king made this maior, 
Robert Shefield Recorder, and both the shiriffes knightes, 
for their good seruice against the rebels at Black Hith 
field. 

1497. The 13. Bartlemew Ready Thomas Windout. Maior 
W. Purchase, Mercer. All the Gardens in the Morefielde 
were destroyed and made pla}me ground. 

1498. The 14. Thomas Bradbury, Stephen lenings. Maior 
Sir lohn Perceuall, made knight in the fielde by king Henrie \ 

the seuenth. Page 5^9 

1499. The XV. lames Wilford, Thomas Brond. Maior Nicho^ 
las Alwin, Mercer. This Nicholas Alwyn gaue to three 
thousand poore people in London, twelue pence the peece, 
and to three thousand in the towne of Spalding the like, &c. 

1500. The xvi. lohn Hawes, William Steede, Mayor, W. 
Remington^ Fishmonger. 

1501. The xvii. Laurence Ailmer, Henry Hede. Mayor, Sir 
John Sha^ Goldsmith, made knight in the fielde by Henry 
the seuenth : this sir lohn Sha caused his Brethren the 
Aldennen to ride from the Guildhall vnto the waters side, 
where hee tooke his Barge to Westminster, hee was sworne 
by the Kinges councell, hee commonly in the aftemoones 
kepte a Court alone, called before him many matters, and 
redressed them. 

1502. The xviii. Henry Kebel, Nicholas Nines} Mayor Bar- 
tlemew Reade, Goldsmith. 

1503' The xix. Christopher Hawes, Robert Wats, Thomas 
Granger. M. Sir William Capell, Draper, made knight by 
Henry the seuenth. This sir William caused a Cage in 
euerie Warde to be set for punishing of vagabondes. 

1504. The XX. Roger Acheley, William Brown, Mayor, John 
Winger, Grocer. 

1505. The xxi. Richard Shore, Roger Groue, Mayor Thomas 
Knesworth, Fishmonger : this Thomas Knesworth appointed 
the water Conduit at Bishopsgate to bee builded, &c. 

1506. The xxii. William Copenger, Thomas Iohnson\ William 

* Nynysi O, ; Nynes, /^ ' The king refused to admit lohnson. 

N a 



i8o Temporall Government 

FitzwUliamSy Marchant taylor, after of Counsell to Henrie 
the eight Mayor Sir Richard Haddon^ Mercer. 

1507. The xxiii. WiUiam Butler, John Kirkby. Mayor 
William Bratvne^, Mercer, for part Laurence Ailtner, 
Draper. 

1508. The 24. Thomas Exmew, Richard Smith. Mayor 
Stephen lenities, Marchant taylor: this Stephen leninges 
builded the greatest part of S. Andrewes church called 
Vndershaft. He builded a free schoole at Vlfrunehampton 
in Staffordshire, &c. | 

Pagesjo Henry the 8. began his raigne the %2. of April, the 

yeare 1509. 

1509. The first. ShirifTes, George Monoxe, lohn Doget, M. 
Thomas Bradbury *, Mercer, for parte Sir William Caple^ 
Draper. 

1510. The second. lohn Milborne, lohn Rest, Mayor Henrie 
KeblCy Grocer. This Henry Keble gaue one thousand 
pounde toward the new building of his parrish church of 
Aldermary. 

151 1. The 3. Nicholas Shelton^ Thomas Mirfine. Mayor 
Roger Acheley, Draper. This Roger Acheley prouided com 
for seruice of this Cittie in great plentie : Hee caused the 
same to be stowed vppe in the common Garner called 
Leaden Hall. 

151a. The 4. Robert Aldarnes^ Robert Fenrother. Mayor, sir 

William Copinger?, Fishmonger, for part, Richard Haddon, 

Mercer, for the rest Sir W. Copinger gaue halfe his goodes 

to his wife, and the other halfe to the poore that had most 

need. 

1513. The 5. lohn Dawes^ lohn Bridges*, Roger Basford,^ 
Mayor, W. Browne, Mercer, and lohn Tate, Mercer, this 
lohn Tate new builded the church of S. Anthonies Hospital 
in London. 

1514. The 6, laines Yarford, lohn Monday. Mayor George 
Monaux, Draper. 

^ d. March 22, lyA. ^ ' " *»;«. 

• d./aM. 151a '•lie, F. 



TemporcUl Gouernment i8i 

515. The 7. Henry War ley ^ Richarde Grey^ W. Bayly. 
Mayor, Sir WUliam Butler, Grocer. 

516. The 8. Thomas Seimer^ John Thurstone, Mayor lokn 
Rest^ Grocer. 

517. The 9. Thomas Baldrie, Raph Simondes. Mayor, Sir 
Thomas Exmew, Goldsmith. Sir Thomas Exmew made 
the water conduit in London wall by Mor^ate, &c. 

518. The 10. lohn Allen, lames Spencer. Mayor, Thomas 
Mirfin, Skinner. 

519. The eleuenth, lohn Wilienson^ Nicholas Partrich. M. 
Sir lames Yarford^ mercer. From this time the mayors of 
London, for the most part, haue beene knighted by curtesie 

of I the kinges, and not otherwise. PagiSS' 

500. The 12. Sir lohn Skeuinton, lohn Kynu. Mayor, Sir 

lohn Bruge^ Draper. 
5^1. The 13. lohn Breton, Thomas Pargetor. M. Sir lohn 

Milborne, Draper. This Sir lohn Milborne founded foure- 

teene Almes houses by the Crossed Fryers church, &c. 
5211. The 14. lohn Rudstone, lohn Chamfmeis. Mayor, Sir 

lohn Mundy, Goldsmith. 

523. The 15. Michaell English, Nicholas lenines. Mayor, 
Sir T. Baldry^ mercer. 

524. The 16. Raph Dodmer, William Roche. M. Sir W. 
Bayly, Draper. 

525. The 17. lohn Cauntofi, Christopher Askew. Maior, Sir 
lohn Allen, Mercer. 

526. The 18. Stephen Peacocke, Nicholas Lambert. M. Sir 
Thomas Seamer, Mercer. 

527. The 1 9. lohn Hardy, William Holies.^ M. Sir lames 
Spencer, Vintner. 

528. The 20. Raph Waren, lohn Long. M. Sir lohn Rud- 
stone, Draper. 

529. The 21. Michel Dormer, Walter Champion. Mayor, 
Sir Raph Dodmer^ Mercer. This yeare it was decreed that 
no man should be mayor of London more then one yeare. 

530. The 22. William Dauntsey, Richard Choppyn.^ M. Sir 
T. Pargitor, Saltar. 

* Howie, O. ; Holycs, F. • Choppyng, F. ; Champion, S. 



1 82 Temporall Gouemment 

1531. The 23. Richard Gresham^ Edward Althant. Mayor 
Sir Nicholas Lantbard^ Grocer. 

153a. The 24. Richard Reynoldes^ Nicholas Pinchon^ lohn 
Martin^ lohn Preste} Mayor, Sir Stephen Pecocke^ Haber- 
dasher. 

1533. The 25. William For man, Sir T, Kitson. Maior, Sir 
Christopfier Askew, Draper. 

1534. The a6. Nicholas Leuisofi\ W. Denham. Mayor, Sir 
lohn Champmis, Skinner. 

1535. The %T. Humfrey Munmoth^ lohn Cootes. M. Sir lohn 
Allen, Mercer, by the kings appointment hee was of his 
councell. A man of great wisedome, and also of great 

^S^S3^ charity. | The fore named ShirifTes, Munmauth and Cootes, 
put away xii. Sergeants, and xiL Yeomen, but were by 
a common councell forced to take them againe. 

1536. The 38. Robert Paget, William Boyer? Maior, Sir 
Raph Waren, Mercer. 

1537. The 29. Sir lohn Gresham, Thomas Lewen. Maior, Sir 
Richard Gresham, Mercer. 

1538. The 30. William Wilketison, Nicholas Gibson. Maior 
William Forman, Haberdasher. 

1539. The 31. lohn Feiry^, Thomas Huntlow. Maior, Sir W. 
Holies, Mercer. 

1540. The 32. Sir William Laxtott, Martin Bowes. Maior, 
Sir William Roch, Draper. 

1 54 1. The 33. Rowland Hill, Henry Suckley. Maior, Sir 
Michael Dormer, Mercer. 

154a. The 34. Henry Habberthortte^, Henry Amcotes. Maior 

lohn Cootes^ Salter. 
1543- The 35. lohn Toleus^ , Richard Dobbes. Maior, Sir W. 

Bowyer^ Draper : For parte. Sir Raph Waren^ Mercer. 

1544. The 36. lohn Wilford, Andrew lude. Maior, Sir W. 
Laxton^ Grocer. 

1545. The 37. George Barnes ^ Ralph Alley. Maior, Sir Martin 
Bowes^ GoldsinitlL 

* PrUl, S. ; k$ smtrmM liaiti» m S^. 18, tS33 ; Martin succeeded 
PinclKm em Mmr. la, xsj). 

^ FmnyiA; Fa|ny,F. * UoblMrtlioiiie» /:, a 



t3S^6 



* Tobk - Bum. F. 



Temporall Government 183 

1546. The 38. Richard larueis^ Thomas CurUis. Maior, Sir 
Henry Hubbarthanie^ marchant taylor. 

Edward the sixt began his raigne the 28. of January, in 
the yearc 1546. 

1547. The I. Shiriffes Thomas White, Robert Charsey} Maior, 
Sir lohn Gresham, Mercer. 

1 548. The 2. William Locke, Sir lohn Ailife. Maior, Sir Henry 
Amcotes^ Fishmonger. 

1549. The 3. Richard Turke^ lohn Yorke, Maior Rowland 
Hill^ Mercer. 

1550. The 4. Augustine Hind, lohn Lyon, Maior, Sir An\irew Pagessj 
lud. Skinner. 

1 551. The 5. lohn Lamberd^ lohn Cowper, Maior, Sir Richard 
Dobbes, Skinner. 

155a. The 6. William Gerard^ lohn Maynard. Maior, Sir 
George Barnes, Haberdasher. 

Queene Mary began her raig^ne the 6. of luly the yeare 
1553. 

1553. The I. shiriffes, Thomas Ofley^ William HueU Maior, 
Sir Thomas White^ Marchant taylor. This Thomas White 
founded Saint lohns Colledge in Oxford. Hee gaue to the 
Citie of Bristow two thousand pound. 

1554. The 2. Dauid Woodrofe^ William Cluster. Maior, Sir . 
lohn Luniy Grocer. 

1555. The 3. Thomas Leigh^ lohn Machil? Maior, Sir William 
Gerard, Haberdasher. 

1 556* The4« William Harper John White. yi2\ox,^\x Thomas 

Ofley^ Marchant taylor. 
1557. The 5. Richard Malorie, lames Aitham? Maior, Sir 

Thomas Curteis, Fishmonger. 
I558» The 6. lohn Halse, Richard Champion. Maior, Sir 

Thomas Leigh, Mercer. 

Queene Elizabeth b^an her raigne the 17. of Nouember, 
in the yeare of Christ 1558. 

^559* The i. shiriffes Thomas Lodge, Roger Martin. Maior, 
Sir William Huet, Clothworker. 

» Chertesey, a, F. • Macham, O. » Altham, O. 



184 Temporall Gouemment 

1560. The 2. Christopher Draper^ Thomas Row. Maior, Sir 
William Chester, Draper : this yeare the Marchant taylors 
of London founded their notable free schoole for poore 
mens children, &c. 

1561. The 3. Alexander Auefton \ Humfrey Baskeruile. Maior, 
Sir William Harper ^ Marchant taylor. 

1562. The 4. William Alin, Richard Chamberlaine, Mayor, | 
P^^s$4 Sir Thomas Lodge^ Grocer. 

1563. The 5. Edward Bankes^ Rowland Heyward, Maior, Sir 
lohn White y Grocer. 

1564. The 6. Edward laekeman^ Lioftel Dticket. Maior, Sir 
Richard Malorie, Mercer. 

1565. The 7. John Riuers, lames Howes. Maior, Sir Richard 
Champion, Draper. 

1566. The 8. Richard Lambert^ Ambrose Nicholas, lohn 
Langley. Maior, Sir ChristopJier Draper, Ironmonger. 

1567. The 9. Thomas Ramsey^ William Bond. Maior, Sir 
Roger Martin, Mercer. 

1568. The 10. lohn Oleph, Robert Harding, lames Bacon. 
Maior, Sir Thomas Roiv, marchant taylor. 

1569. The 11. Henry Becher, William Dane. Maior Alexander 
Auenan, Ironmonger. 

1570. The 12. Francis Bertiam^, William Box. Maior, Sir 
^ Rowland Heyward, Clothworker. 

1571. The 13. Henry Miles ^^ lohn Braunch. Maior, Sir 
William Allin, Mercer. 

1572. The 14. Richard Pipe, Nicfiolas Woodrofe. Maior, Sir 
Lioftel Ducket, Mercer. 

1573. The 15. lames Haruy, Tliomas Pullison. Maior, Sir 
/. Riuers, Grocer. 

1574. The 16. Thomas Blanke, Anthony Gamage. Maior 
lafptes Hawes, Clothworker. 

1575. The 17. Edward Osborne, Wolstane Dixie. Maior 
Ambrose Nicholas, Salter. 

1576. The 18. William Kimptoft, George Barne. Maior, Sir 
lohn Langley, Goldsmith. 

1577. The 19. Nicholas Backhouse, Francis Bowyer. Maior 
Sir Thomas Ramsey, Grocer. 

^ AveraoDy O. ' Bameham, O. ' Mylles, O. 



TemporcUl Gouemment 185 

1578. The oo. Georgi Bond, Thotnas Starkie. Maior, Sir 

Richard Pipe^ Draper. 
1579* The ai. Martin Calthrope *, John Hart. Maior, Sir 

Nicholas Woodrofe^ Haberdasher. 
158a The aa. Ralph Woodcock^ lohn AlaU^ Maior, Sir lohn 

Branchy Draper. | 

1581. The 23. Richard Martin, William Webbe. Maior, Sir /v^ «; 
lames Haruie^ Ironmonger. 

1582. The 24* William Roe, lohn Haydon^, Cuthbert Buckle. 
Maior, Sir Thomas Blanche, Haberdasher. 

1583. The 25. William Masham, lohn Spencer. MdAot Edward 
Osborne^ Clothworker. 

1584. The 26. Step/ten Slany, Henry Billingsley. Maior, Sir 
Thomas PuUison, Draper. 

1585. The 27. Anthony Radclife, Henry Pranell^ Maior, Sir 
Wolstane Dixie, Skinner. 

1586. The 28, Robert Honse, William Elkin. Maior, Sir 
George Barne, Haberdasher. 

1587. The 29. Thomas Skinner, lohn Katcher. Maior, Sir 
George Bond^ Haberdasher. 

1588. The 30. Hugh Ofley^ Richard Saltenstall. Maior, Sir 
Martin Calthrope *, Draper, for part, and Richard Martin, 
Goldsmith, for the rest of that yeare. 

1589. The 31. Richard Gurney, Stephen Some. Maior, Sir 
lohn Hart, Grocer. 

1590. The 32. Nicholas Mosley, Robert Broke. Maior lohn 
Allot •, Fishmonger, for part, Sir Rowland Heyward, Cloth- 
worker, for the rest. 

1591. The 33. William Rider, Betiet Barnham. Maior, Sir 
W. IF^*, Salter. 

1592. The 34. lohn Garrard, Robert Taylor. Maior, Sir W. 
RoCy Ironmonger. 

1 593* The 35. Paule Banning, Peter Hautofi? Maior, Sir 
Cuthbert Buckle^, Vintner, for part: Sir Richard Martin, 
Goldsmith, for the rest. 



» Calthorpc, O. » Allott, O. ' d. Nov. 34, 1 582. 

* Humphrey Praunell, O. ° d. May 3, 1589. 

• d. Sept. 1 591. ^ Houghton, O. • d.July I, 1594. 



1 86 Temporall Gouemment 

1594. IhftjjS. Robert Lee ^ThofnasBenet. Maior^Sirl. Sfieticer, 

Clothworker. 

1595. The 37. Thomas Low^ Leonard Holiday. Maior, Sir 

Stephen Slany, Skinner. 

1596. The 38. lohn Wattes^ Richard Godard. Maior, Thomas 
Skinner \ Clothworker : for part, Sir Henry BilUngsley^ 
Haberdasher. | 

Paps36 1597. The 39. Henry Roe'^, John More. Mayor, Sir Richard 
Saltenstallt Skinner. 

1598. The 40. Edward Holmeden^ Robert Hampson. Mayor* 
Sir Stephen Some^ Grocer. 

1599, The 41. Humfrey Welde^ Grocer, Roger Clarke^ Salter. 
Mayor, Sir Nicholas Mosley^ Clothworker. 

i6co. The 42. Robert Cambell^ Ironmonger, Thomas Smithy 
Haberdasher, William Crauen^ Marchant taylor. Mayor, 
Sir William Rider ^ Haberdasher. 

160 1. The 43. Henry Anderson^ Girdler, W. Glouer^ Dier. 
Maior, Sir lohn Garrard^ Haberdasher. 

1602. The 44. lames Pemberton^ Goldsmith. lohn Swinerton^ 
Marchant taylor. Mayor, Robert Lee^ Marchant taylor. 

Thus much for the chiefe & principal gouernours of this 
famous Citie, of whose publike gouemment, with the assistants 
of inferior Officers, their charges for keeping of the peace, 
seruice of the Prince, and honour of this Citie, much might 
haue beene said, and I had thought to haue touched more at 
large : but being informed that a learned gentleman {lames 
Dalton) a Citizen borne, minded such a labour, and promised 
to performe it, I haue forborne, and left the same to his good 
leysure : but hee being now lately deceased without finishing 
any such worke (a common fault, to promise more then 'to 
performe) and I heare not of any other that taketh it in hand, 
I haue beene diuers times minded to adde certayne Chapters 
to this booke, but being (by the good pleasure of God) visited 
with sicknes, such as my feete (which haue borne mee many 
a mile) haue of late yeares refused, once in foure or fiue 



' 4U Dec. 30, 1596. ' Henry Awmond, O. 



Tempo rail Gouemment 187 

monethes to conuay me from my bed to my study, and 
therefore could not do as I would. 

At length remembring I had long since gathered notes to 
haue Chaptered, am now forced to deliuer them vnperfected, 
and desire the Readers to pardon me^ that want not will to 
pleasure them. 



Aldermen and Shiriffes of Londoti, Page ssi 

T^HERE bee in this Citie, according to the number of 
Wardes 26. Aldermen, whereof yeardy, on the feast day 
of Saint Michael the Archangel!, one of them is elected to 
be Mayor, for the yeare following, to b^n on the 28. of 
October, the other Aldermen his brethren, are to him 
Assistants in Counsails, Courtes, &c. 

More, there is a Recorder of London, a g^aue and learned Recorder of 
Lawyer, skilful! in the Customes of this Citty, Also assistant 
to the Lord Maior : Hee taketh place in Counsels, and in 
Courts before any man that hath not beene Mayor: and 
learnedly deliuereth the sentences of the whole Court. 

The shiriffes of London, of old time chosen out of the f^|]^ ®^ 
Commonalty, Commoners, and oftentimes neuer came to bee 
Aldermen, as many Aldermen were neuer shiriffes, and yet 
aduanced to bee Mayor, but of late (by occasion) the shiriffes 
haue beene made Aldermen, before, or presently after their 
election. 

Nicholas Faringdon was neuer shiriffe, yet foure times 
Maior of this Cittie, and so of other, which reproueth a bye 
worde, such a one will be Maior, or he b^ shiriffe, &c. 

Then is there a Chamberlaine of London. 

A Common Clarke, or Towne Clarke. 

A Common Sergeant. 

Officers belonging to the Lord Mayors house. 

Sword bearer. 
Common Hunt. , ^ 
Common Crier. \ E^l'"^'^- ^ 
Water Bailiffe. 



Gcntlemens men 7. 



1 88 Temporall Gouernntent 

Pagess^ Coroner of London. 

Sergeant Caruers. 3. 
Sergeants of the Chamber. 3. 
Sergeant of the Chanell. 
Yeoman of the Chanell. 
Yeomen of the water side. 4. 

Vnder water Bailiflfe. 

» 

Yeomen of the Chamber. %. 

Meale weighers. 3. 

Yeomen of the Wood wharfes. 2. 

The Sword bearers man. 

Common Hunts men. 2. 

Common Criers man. 

Water Bailiffes men. 2. 

The Caruers man. 
Whereof nine of these haue Liueries of the Lord Mayor, 
viz. The sword bearer and his man, the three Caruers and 
the foure Yeomen of the water side. All the rest haue their 
Liueries from the Chamber of London. 

Thus farre after my notes deliuered by an Officer of the 
Lord Maiors house, but vnperfect : for I remember a Crowner^ 
an vnder Chamberlaine, and foure Clarices of the Maiors 
Court, and others. 

The Shiriffes of London their Officers 

The Shtriflfes of London, in the yeare 147 1. were appointed 
each of them to haue 16. Sergeants, euery Sergeant to 
haue his Yeoman. And 6. Clarices, to wit, a Secondary, a 
Clarke of the Papers, and 4. other Clarices, besides the vnder 
shiriffes Clarices, their Stewards, Butlers, Porters, and other 
in household many. 



P^^SJ9 Of the Maiors and Shiriffes Liueryes somewhat. 

To follow president of former time, the Clarices of Com- 
panies were to enquire for them of their companies that 
would haue the Maiors Lyuery, their money as a beneuolence 
giuen, which must be xx s. at the least put in a purse, with 
theyr names th^^ •?!• to ddiuer it to 



Temporall Gouernment 189 

the Mayof by the first of December, for the which euery 
man had then sent him foure yeardes of broade Cloath rowed 
or striped thwart, with a different colour to make him a 
Gowne, and these were called rey Gownes, which was then 
the Liuery of the Mayor, and also of the Shiriffes, but each 
differing from others in the colours. 

Of Older times I reade, that the Officers of this Cittie 
ware Gownes of partie colours, as the right syde of one 
colour, and the left syde of an other : as for example, I reade 
in Bookes of accountes in the Guildhall, that in the 19. 
yeare of Henrie the sixt, there was bought for an Officers 
Gowne two yeards of Cloath, coloured Mustard villars (a 
colour now out of vse) and two yeardes of Cloath coloured 
blew, price two shillinges the yeard, in all eight shillings. 
More, paied to lohn Pope, Draper, for two Gowne clothes, 
eight yeards of two colours etix ambo deux de rang (or red) 
medley brune and porre (or purple) colour, price the yeard 
a. s. These Gownes were for Piers Rider y and lohn Bukles^ 
Clarkes of the Chamber. 

More, I reade that in the yeare 15 16. in the seuenth of 
Henrie the 8. it was agreed by a common Councell in the 
Guildhall, that the shirifTes of London should (as they had 
beene accustomed) giue yearely Keyed Gownes, to the Re- 
corder, Chamberlaine, common Sergeant, and common 
Clarke, the Sworde bearer, Common hunt, Water Bayly, 
common Crier, like as to their owne Officers, &c. 

1525. More, in the 16. of Henrie the eight, sir William 
Bayly then being Maior, made a request for that clothes of 
Ray (as hee alledged) were euill wrought, his Officers might 
bee permitted (contrarie to custome) for that yeare to weare 
Gownes of | one colour, to the which in a common Councell Page $40 
one answered and said, yea, it might be permitted, and no • * 
man said nay, and so it passed. Thus much for partie 
coloured, and Ray Gownes haue I read. But for beneuo- 
lence to the Maior, I find that of later time, [that] each man 
giuing fortie shillings towards his charges, receyued foure 
yeards of broade cloath to make him a Gowne, for Thomas 
White performed it in the first of Queene Mary^ but sir 
Thomas Lodge gaue in stead of foure yeards of broad cloth. 



iQO Temporall Gouemmeni 

three yards of Satten to make them Dublets, and since that 
the three yeards of Satten is turned into a siluer spoone, 
and so it holdeth. 

The dayes of attendance that the fellowships doegiue to the 
Maior at his going to Paules were seuen^ as followeth. 

1. Alhallowen day. 

2. Christmasse day. 
3* Saint Stephens day. 

4. Saint lohns day. 

5. New years day. 

6. Twelfe day. 

7. Candlemasse day. 

The 23. of Henrie the eighty these companies had place at the 
Maior s feasts in the Guild hall in order as followeth^ I speake 
by president^ for I was neuer feast-folower. 

1. Mercers, the wardens and 17. persons, fiue messe. 

2. Grocers, the wardens and 16. persons, foure messe. 

3. Drapers, the wardens and 12. persons, foure messe. 

4. Fishmongers, the wardens and 1 2. persons, foure messe. 
5*. Goldsmiths, the wardens and 10. persons, three messe. 

6. Skinners, the wardens and 8. persons, three messe. 

7. Marchant Taylers, the wardens and 9. persons, three 

messe. 

8. Vintoners, the wardens and 6. persons, two messe. 

9. Ironmongers the wardens and (1)4. persons 4. messe & 
ahalfe. 

10. Marchant Haberdashers, the wardens and 14. persons, 
foure messe and a halfe. | 
fiageS4^ !!• Saltars, the wardens and eight persons, two Messe and 

a halfe. 

12. D3far8, the Wardenes, and 6. persons 2. messe. 

13. Lethersellars, the Wardens, and 8. persons, 3. messe. 

14. Pewterers, the wardens and 5. persons, 2. messe. 

15. Cutlers, the wardens and 5. persons, 2. messe. 

16. Armorers, the Wardens and three persons, one messe. 

17. Waxechandlers, the wardens and 6. penons, two messe. 



Temporall Gouemmeni 191 

1 8. Tallow Chandlers, the wardens and three persons, two 



19. Sheremen, the wardens and 5. persons, 2. messe. 

20. Fullarsy the wardens and 9. persons, 2. messe. 

21. SadlerSy the Wardens and 4 persons, 2. messe. 

22. Bruers, the wardens and 1 2 persons, 4. messe. 

23. Scriueners, the wardens and 6. persons^ 2. messe. 

24. Butchers, the wardens and 7. persons, 3. messe. 

25. Bakers, the wardens, and 4. persons, 2. messe. 

26. Poultars, the wardens and one person, one messe. 

27. Stacioners, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

28. Inholders, the wardens, and 4. persons, 2. messe. 

29. Girdlars, the wardens and 4. persons, two messe. 

30. Chirurgrions, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

31. Foundars, the wardens and one person, one messe. 

32. Barbars, the wardens, and 4. persons, two messe. 

No Clothing. Vpholders, the wardens and 2. persons, one 
messe. 

34. Broyderars, the Wardens and two persons, one messe. 

35. Bowiers, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

36. Fletchers, the wardens and 2. persons, one messe. 

No Clothing. Tumars, the wardens and 2. persons, one messe. 

38. Cordwainers, the wardens and 4. persons, 2. messe. 

39. Painters stayners, the wardens and 5. persons, 2. messe. 

40. Masons, the wardens and one person, one messe. 

41. Plummers, the wardens, and two persons, one messe. 

42. Carpentars, the wardens and 4. persons, 2. messe. 

43. Powch makers, the wardens and 2. persons, one messe. 

44. Joynars, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

45. Coopers, the wardens andone person, one messe. | 

No Clothing. Glasiars, the wardens and two persons, one Pages4» 

messe. 
No Clothing. Linnendrapers, the wardens and two persons, 

one messe. 
No Clothing. Woodmongers, the wardens, and two persons, 

one messe. 
49. Coriars, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 
No Clothing. Foystors, the wardens and two persons, one 

messe. 



192 Temporall Gouemment 

No Clothing. Grey Tanners, the wardens and two persons, 
one messe. 

52. Tilars, the wardens, and one person, one messe. 

53. Weuers, the wardens and one person, one messe. 

54. Blacksmithes, the wardens, and one messe. 

No Clothing. Lorimars, the wardens and two persons, one 
messe. 

56. Spurriars, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

57. Wiresellars, the wardens and one person, one messe. 

No Clothing. Fruterers, the wardens and two persons, one 

messe. 
No Clothing. Ferrers, the wardens and two persons, one 

messe. 
60. Bladesmithes, the wardens and two persons, one messe. 

These Companies seuerally at sundry times purchased the 
kinges fauour and licence by his Letters Patentes, to associate 
themselues in Brotherhoodes with maister and Wardens for 
their gouemment, many also haue procured Corporations with 
Priuileges, &c. but I reade not of licence by them procured 
for Liueries to be wome, but at their Gouemours discretion 
to appoint as occasion asketh, some time in triumphant 
manner, some time more mourning like, and such Liueries 
haue they taken vppon them, as well before as since, they 
were by licence associated into Brotherhoods or Corporations. 
For the first of these companies that I reade of to bee 
a Guild, Brotherhoode or Fratemitie in this Cittie were the 
Weauers, whose Guild was confirmed by Henry the second. 
The next Fraternity, which was of saint lohn Baptist^ time 
out of minde called of Taylors, and Linnen Armorers of 
London, I find that king Edwarde the first, in the 28. of his 
raigne, confirmed that Guild by the name of Taylors and 
J^S4S Linnen Armorers, and gaue to the Brethren | there of 
authority, yearely to chuse vnto them a Gouernour or Maister 
with Wardens, &c. The other Companies haue since pur- 
chased licence of societies, Brotherhoodes, or Corporations in 
the raignes of Edwarde the thirde, Richard the second, 
Henry the fourth, Henry the fift, Henry the sixt, and Edward 
the fourth, &c. 



Temporall Gouernment 193 

Somewhat of Litieries worne by Cittizens of London^ in iivu of 

triumpheSi and other wayes. 

1236. XHE twentieth of Henry the third, The Mayor, Al- 
dermen, Shiriffes and Cittizens of London rode out to 
meete the King and his new wife, Queen Elianor, daughter 
to Reymand Beringarius of Aragon, Earle of Prouince and 
Narbone. The Cittizens were clothed in long garments, 
embroydered about with gold, and silke of diuers colours, 
their horses finelie trapped^ to the number of three hun- 
dred sixtie, euerie man bearing a golden or siluer cuppe 
in his hande, the kinges Trumpets before them sounding, 
&c. as yee may reade in my Annales. 

1300. The 29. of Edward the first, the saide king tooke to 
wife Margaret sister to Philip Le Bew king of Fraunce, 
they were married at Canterbury. The Queene was con- 
uayed to London, against whome the Cittizens to the 
number of sixe hundred rode in one Liuerie of red and 
white, with the cognisances of their misteries embroydered 
vpon their sleeues, they receiued her foure miles out of 
London, and so conueyed her to Westminster. 

1415. The 3. of Henry the fift, the said king arriuing at 
Douer, the mayor of London with the Aldermen and 
craftes men riding in red with hoods red and white, met 
with the king on the Blacke Hith, comming from Eltham 
with his prisoners out of France. 

1432. The 10. of Henry the sixt, hee being crowned in 
France, returning into England, came to Eltham towardes 
London, and the Mayor of London John Welles, the 
Aldermen, with the comminalty rode against him on 
Horsebacke, the Mayor in Crimson | veluet, a great vtXutt Page S44 
hat furred, a girdle of golde aboute his middle, and a 
Bawdrike of gold about his necke trilling down behind him, 
his three Henxemen, on three great coursers following 
him, in one sute of red, all spangled in siluer, then the 
Aldermen in Gownes of scarlet, with sanguine hoodes, and 
all the Comminaltie of the citty cloathed in white gownes, 
and scarlet hoods, with diuers cognizances embrodered on 
their sleeues, &c. 



*TOW. II. 



194 Temporall Gouemment 

1485. The first of Henrie the seuenth, The Mayor, Alder- 
men, Shiriffes and Comminality, all cloathed in Violet (as 
in a mourning colour) mette the king at Shorditch, and 
conuayed him to Powles Church, where hee offered his 
Banners. 

Thus much for liueries of Cittizens in auncient times, both 
in triumphes and otherwise, may suffice, whereby may be 
obserued that the couerture of mens heads was then hoodes, 
for neyther Cappe or hat is spoken of, except that lohn Wels 
Mayor of London to were a hat in time of triumph, but 
differing from the hattes lately taken in vse, and now com- 
monly wome for Noble mens Liueries. I reade that Thomas 
Earle of Lancaster in the raigne of E. the second gaue at 
Christmas in Liueries, to such as serued him, 159. broade 
cloathes, allowing to euery garment furres to furre their 
hoodes: more nearer our time, there yet reme)meth the 
counterfeites and pictures of Aldermen, and other that liued 
in the raignes of Henrie the sixte and Edwarde the fourth, 
namely Alderman Darby dwelled in Fenchurch street over 
against the parrish church of S. Dianes, left his picture, as of 
an Alderman in a gowne of skarlet on his backe, a hoode on 
his head, &c. as is in that house (and else where) to bee seene : 
for a further monument of those late times, men may beholde 
the glaase Windows of the Mayors court in the Guild hall 
aboue the stayrs, the mayor is there pictured, sitting in 
habite, party coloured, and a hoode on his head, his Sworde- 
bearer before him with an hatte or Cappe of maintenance : 
the Common Clearke, and other officers bare headed, their 
hoodes on their shoulders : and therefore I take it, that the 
vse of square bonets wome by Noble men. Gentlemen, 
^«i<; Cittizens and others, tooke banning in this | Realm by 
Henry the seuenth, and in his time, and of further antiquitie 
I can see no counterfeyte or other proofe of vse. Henry the 
eight (towards his latter raigne) ware a round fiat cap of 
scarlet or of veluet, with a bruch or Jewell, and a feather, 
dhiers Gentlemen, Courtiers, and other did the like. The 
youthfuU Cittizens also tooke them to the new fashion of 
flatte caps, knit of woollen yeame blacke, but so light that 



Temporall Gonemment 195 

they were forced to tye them vnder their chins, for else the 
wind would be maister ouer them. The vse of these flat 
round cappes so far increased (being of lesse price then the 
French Bonet) that in short time some yong Aldermen tooke 
(to) the wearingof them,Sir/i7/(» WAitev/are it in his Maioralty, 
and was the first that left example to his Followers, but now 
the Spanish felt, or the like counterfeyte, is most commonly 
of all men both spirituall and temporall taken to vse, so that 
the French Bonet or square cappe, and also the round or flat 
cap, haue for the most parte g^iuen place to the Spanish felte, 
but yet in London amongst the grauer sort, (I meane the 
Liueries of Companies) remayneth a memory of the hoodes 
of olde time wome by their predecessors : These hoodes were 
wome, the Roundelets vpon their heads, the skirts to hang 
behind in their neckes to keep them warme, the tippet to lye 
on their shoulder, or to wind about their neckes, these hoodes 
were of olde time made in colours according to their gownes, 
which were of two colours, as red and blew or red and purple, 
murrey, or as it pleased their Masters and wardens to appoint 
to the Companies, but now of late time, they haue vsed their 
gowns to be al of one colour, and those of the sadest ; but 
their hoodes being made the one halfe of the same cloath 
their gownes be of, the other halfe remayneth red as of old 
time. 

And so I end, as wanting time to trauell further in this 
Worke. 



Now since that I haue given you an outward view of this Pagij^s 
City, it shall not be impertinent to let you take an insight also 
of the same, such as a Londoner borne dbcoursed aboue twenty 
3^eares agone, for aunswere (as it seemeth) to some obiections, 
that then were made against the growing g^eatnes thereof. 
The author gaue it me, & therefore, howsoeuer I conceale his 
name (which it selfe pretendeth not), I thinke I may without 
his offence impart it to others, that they may take pleasure in 
the reading as I doubt not but he did in the writing. Long 
may they (that list) enuie, and long may wee and our 
posterity enioy the good estate of this Cittie. J 

02 



ig6 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 



ph^S41 a Discourse of the names and first causes of the 
institution of Cities and peopled townes. And of the com- 
modities that doe g^owe by the same : and namely of the 
Cittie of London. Written by way of an Apologie (or defence) 
against the opinion of some men, which thinke that 
the greatnes of that Cittie standeth not 
with the profit and securitie 
of this Realme. 

CiTTIES and well peopled places bee called Oppida^ in 
Latine, eyther ab ope danda^ or ab apibus^ or ab oppanendo se 
hostibus. They be named also Ciuitates a coeundot and vrbes 
either of the word vrbare^ because the first inclosure of them 
was described with the draught of a plow, or else ab arbe^ for 
the rounde compasse that they at the first had. 

In the Greeke a cittie is tearmed nSXit^ eyther of the worde 
noXi^y multus, or of voK^^, noXtveip, id est, habitan^ alere^ 
gubernare. 

In the Saxon (or old English) sometimes Tun, which wee 
now call towne, deriued of the word T}man, to inclose or tyne, 
as some yet speake. But for as much as that worde was 
proper to euery village, and inclosed dwelling, therefore our 
auncesters called their walled townes buuH or bl]tl5, and 
wee now Bury and Borow^ of the Greeke word m>pyo9, (as I 
thinke) which signifieth a Tower or a high building. 

The walles of these townes had their name of vallum, 
because at the first they were but of that earth which was 
cast out of the trench or ditch wherewith they were 
enuironed. 

But afterward, being made of matter more fitte for defence, 
they were named a muniefido mstnia. By the Etimologie of | 
I'i^e 548 these names, it may appeare that common Weales, Citties and 
townes, were at the first inuented to the end that men might 
lead a ciuill life amongst themselues, and bee saued harmeles 
againe theyr enemies: whereupon Plaio saith, Cimtates ab 
imiio vtilUatis causa causii^ ^ • . -- .^^p^Hticarunh 

2. saith, Ci$nias a m mtdaptum 

est adcmtu ^iHiw ad 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 197 

bene viuendutn refcrlur. And Cicero, lib. prinio de inuentione. 
in the beginning saith; Fuit quoddant fempus mm in agris 
homines passim besiiarum more vagabantur, &c., quo quidem 
tetnporc, quidam {Magntts via. vir tt sapiens) disperses homines 
in agris, &■ tettis siluestribus abditos, ratione quadam compulit 
in vnum locum, atqae eos in vnamquamque rem induxit vtilem 
& koneslani. Vrbibus vero constituiis fidem colere, & iustitiam 
retinere disccbant, et aliis parere sua voluntate consuescebant 
&c. The same man discourseth notablie to the same effect, 
in his Oration pro Scslio, a little after the middcst thereof, 
shewing that in the life of men dispersed, vis beareth all the 
sway: but in the ciuill life and societie, ars is better main- 
tained, &c. This thing well saw king Wi//iam the Conqueror, 
who in his lawes, fol. 125. saith, Biirgi et Citiitates futtdal* 
&■ edificatx sunt, ad (uitionem gentium & poptUorum Regni, 
& idcirco oftseruari debent cunt omni libertate, inlegritaie <&■ 
ratione. And his predecessors, king Ethelstane, and king 
Canutus in their lawes, /o/, 62, and 106, had commaimded 
thus : Oppida inslaurentur , &c. 

Seeing therefore that as Cicero, 2. afficior., saith, Proxime 
et secundum Deos, homines hominibus maxime vtiks esse 
pessunt. And that men arc congregated into Citdes and 
commonwcalthes, for honestic and vtilities sake, these shortly 
bee the commodities that do come by citlies, comminalties, 
and corporations. First, men by this nearenes of conuersation 
are withdrawn from barbarous feritie and force to a certainc 
mildnes of manners and to humanity and iiistice: whereby 
they are contented to giue and take right, to and from their 
equals and inferiors, and to heare and obey their hcadcs and 
superiors. Also the doctrine of God | is more fitly dcliuered, / 
and the discipline thereof more aptely to bee executed, in 
peopled townes then abroad, by reason of the facilitie of 
common and ofien assembling. And consequently, such 
inhabitantcs be better managed in order, and better instructed 
in wisedome : whereof it came to passe that at the first, they 
that excelled others this way, were called astuti of the Greeke 
worde &aTv, which signifieth a Citty, although the tearme bee 
now declined to the worst part, and doe betoken euil, euen as 
Tyrtmnus, Sophista, and some such other originally good 






198 An Apologia of the Cittie of London 

wordes are fallen : And hereof also good behauiour is yet 
called VrbanitaSj because it is rather found in Citties, then 
^ else where. In summe, by often hearing, men be better 
perswaded in religion, and for that they Hue in the eye of 
others, they bee by example the more easily trayned to iustice, 
and by shamefastnesse restrayned from iniurie. 

And whereas commonwealthes and kingdomes cannot haue, 
next after God, any surer foundation, then the loue and good 
will of one man towardes another, that also is closely bred 
and maintayned in Citttes, where men by mutual societie and 
companying together, doe grow to alliances, comminalties 
and corporations. 

The liberall sciences and leaminges of all sortes, which bee 
lumina reifiublicx^ doe flourish onely in peopled towns, with- 
out the which a realme is in no better case then a man that 
lacketh both his eyes. 

Manual artes or Handy crafts, as they haue for the most 
part beene inuented in townes and citties, so they cannot any 
where else be eyther maintained or amended. The like is to 
bee sayde of Marchandize, vnder which name I comprehend 
all manner of buying, selling, bartering, exchaunging, com- 
municating of thinges that men need to and fro. Wealth and 
riches, which are truely called subsidia belli^ et ornamenta 
paciSy are increased chiefly in Townes and Citties both to the 
prince and people. 

The necessity of the poore and needy is in such places 
both sooner to be espied, and hath meanes to be more 
charitably relieued. 

The places themselues bee surer refuges in all extremities of 
forraine inuasion, and the inhabitantes be a ready hand & 
strength of men with munition to oppresse intestine sedition. 

Moreouer, for as much as the force of the warres of our | 
Pagejjo time consisteth chiefly in shot, all other souldiers being either 
horse men or footemen armed on lande, or Mariners at the 
sea, it seemeth to me that Citizens and Townesmen be as fit to 
be imploied in any of these seruices, that on horsebacke onely 
excepted, as the inhabitants that be drawne out of the countrey. 

Furthermore, euen as these flo^ >>nd assemblies of men 
in Cities and fp^ against 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 199 

tyranny, which was the cause that Tarquin^ Nero, DionisiuSf 
and such others haue alwayes sought to weaken them. So, 
being wel tempered, they are a strong forte and buiwarke not 
onely in the Aristocritie, but also in the lawful! kingdome or 
iust royalty. 

At once the propagation of Religion, the execution of good 
policie, the exercise of Charity, and the defence of the coun* 
trey, is best performed by townes and Cities : and this ciuill 
life approcheth nearest to the shape of that mistical! body 
whereof Christ is the head, and men be the members : where- 
upon both at the first, that man of God Moyses, in the 
commonwealth of the Israelites, and the Gduemours of all 
Countries in all ages sithence haue continually maintayned 
the same. And to chaunge it were nothing else but to Meta- 
morphose the world, and to make wilde beastes of reasonable 
men. To stand longer vpon this it were, in re non dubia^ vti 
oratione non necessaria : and therefore I will come to London. 



The singularities of the City of London. 

Whatsoever is said of cities generally, maketh also 
for London specially : Howbeit these thinges are particularly 
for our purpose to bee considered in it. The sdtuation : the 
former estimation that it hath had : the seruice that it hath 
done: the present estate and gouemment of it, and such 
benefites as do grow to the realme by the maintenance 
thereof. 

This Realme hath onely three principal! Riuers, whereon 
a royal! Cittie may well be scituated : Trent in the north, | 
Seueme, in the southwest, and Thames in the southeast: of i^sjt 
the which, Thames both for the streight course in length 
reacheth furthest into the bellie of the land, and for the 
breadth and stilnesse of the water is most nauigable vp and 
downe the streamer by reason whereof London standing 
almost in the middle of that course, is more commodiously 
serued with prouision of necessaries, then any towne standing 
vpon the other two Riuers can be, and doth also more easily 



200 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

communicate to the rest of the Realme the commodities of 
her owne entercourse and trafficke. 

This Riuer openeth indifierently vpon France and Flaunders, 
our mightiest neighbours, to whose doings wee ought to haue 
a bent eye, and special regard : and this Citie standeth 
thereon in such conuenient distance from the sea, as it is not 
onely neare enough for intelligence of the aflfayres of those 
Princes, and for the resistance of their attempts : but also 
sufficiently remoued from the feare of any sodaine daungers 
that may be offered by them : whereas for the Prince of this 
Realme to dwell vpon Trent, were to tume his backe, or 
blind side to his most daungerous borderers : and for him to 
rest and dwell vpon Seueme, were to be shut vp in a cumber- 
some corner : which openeth but vpon Ireland onely, a place 
of much lesse importance. 

Neither could London be pitched so commodiously vpon 
any other part of the same riuer of Thames, as where it now 
standeth. For if it were remoued more to the west, it 
should lose the benefit of the ebbing and flowing: and if it 
were seated more towardes the East, it should be nearer to 
daunger of the enemie, and further both from the good ayre, 
and from doing good to the inner parts of the Realme : 
neither may I omit that none other place is so plentifully 
watered with springs, as London is. 

And whereas, amongst other things, Come and Cattell, 
Hay and Fuell be of great necessitie : of the which Cattell 
may be driuen frome afarre, and come may easily be 
transported. 

But Hay and Fuell, being of greater bulkc and burthen, 
must be had at hande : onely London, by the benefit of this 
scituation and Riuer, may be sufficiently serued therewith. 
P^^ss^ In which respect | an Alderman of London reasonably (as me 
thought) affirmed, that although London receiued great 
nourishment by the residence of the Prince, the repaire of the 
Parliament, and Courtes of Justice, yet it stoode principally 
by the aduantage of the adtuatioD vpon the Riuer: for 
whenas on a time it wan ■ a JT—itirr, tiiat Queene 

Marjfi in her disfdf iflioiiited to 

remoue w&* Kford, this 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 201 

playne man demaunded, whether she meant also to diuert 
the Riuer of Thames from London, or no? and when the 
Gentleman had answered no, then, quoth the Alderman» by 
Gods grace wee shall do well enough at London, whatsoeuer 
become of the Tearme and Parliament. I my selfe being then 
a young schoUer at Oxford, did see great preparation made 
towards that Tearme and Parliament, and do well remember 
that the common opinion and voyce was, that they were not 
holden there because prouision of Hay could not be made in 
all the Countrey to seme for ten whole dayes together, and 
yet is that quarter plentifully stored with Hay for the 
proportion of the shire it selfe. 

For proofc of the ancient estimation of London, I will 
not vse the Authoritie of the Brittish Historie, nor of such 
as follow it, (although some hold it credible enough that 
Londpn was first Trinobantunt ciuitas^ or Troia naua, that 
famous Citie in our Histories, and then Ludstoune^ and by 
corruption London, as they report) because they bee not of 
sufficient force to drawe the gaynesayers. Neither will 
I stand much vpon that honourable testimony which Geruas. 
TilberUns, giueth to London in his booke de otiis Imperialibus^ 
saying thus, concerning the blessing of God towards it. 

In Vrbe London^ excepticne hahet diuulgatunt id per 

ontnes aqui gentes Lucani prouerbium : 
Inuida fdtorum series summisqtu negaium 

Stare diu: 
Nam ea annis 354. ante Romam conditam nuntquant 
amisit principatum nee bello consumpta est. 

But I will rather vse the credite of one or two auncient 
forraine writers, and then descend to latter histories. Cornel. 
Tacitus lib. 14. Annal. sayth, Londinum copia negociatorum 
et C0fnme\atuum maxime Celebris', and Herodian in the life oiPagejjj 
Seuerus the Emperour ssiyth^Londinunt vrbs magna et cpulenta. 
Beda^ lib. Hist, Ecclesiastic. 1. Cha. 29. sheweth that Pope 
Gregory appointed two Archbishops Seas in England, the one 
at London, the other at Yorke ; king Ethelstane in his lawes 
appointing how many Mint maisters should be in each Citie, 
allotteth eight to London, and not so many to any other 



202 An Apologie of the CUtie of London 

Citte. The Penner of those lawes that are said to be made 
by Edward the Confessor, and confirmed by William the 
Conqueror saith, London est caput Regni it Legum. King 
Henry the first, in the third Chapter of his lawes, com- 
maundeth that no Citizen of London should be amerced 
aboue loo s. for any pecuniarie paine. The great Charter of 
England, that Helena for which there was so \ong and so 
great warre and contention, in the ninth chapter saiUi, citdtas 
London habeat omnes suas Liber tates antiquas &c. About the 
time of King /. London was reputed regni firmata Columna^ 
as Alexander Necham writeth, and in the banning of the 
raigne of Richard the second it was called Camera regis, as 
Thomas Walsingham reporteth. I passe ouer the recitall of 
the Saxon Charter of king William the Conqueror, the latine 
Charters of Henry the first & second, of Richard the first, of 
lohn^ and of Edward the first, all which gaue vnto the 
Citizens of London great Priuiledges, and of Edward the 
third, who reciting al the grants of his predecessors, not onely 
confirmed but also increased the same, and of the latter kings 
who haue likewise added many things thereunto. Onely 
I wish to be noted by them, that during all this time, all 
those wise and politique Princes haue thought it fit, not onely 
to maintaine London in such plight as they found it, but also 
to adome, increase and amplifie it with singular tokens of 
their liberall fauour and good liking. And whether there be 
not now the same or greater causes to draw the like or better 
estimation and cherishing, let any man be iudge, that will 
take the paines to compare the present estate of London, yet 
still growing to better, with the former condition of the same. 
It were too much to recite particularly the Martiall seruices 
that this city hath done from time to time : neither do I think 
that they be all committed to writing, only for a tast as it 
were, I will note these few following. | 
P^SS4 Almost 6a yeares before the Conquest, a huge armie of the 
Danes (whereof king Sweyne was the leader,) besieged king 
Etheldred in London (then the which as the storie sayeth 
then he had none other refuge), but they were manfully 
repulsed, and a great number of them slaine. 
After the death of this Sweyne^ his sonne Canutus ^a^^^r. 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 203 

warde king of England) besieged London, both by land and 
water: but after much labour finding it impregnable, he 
departed : and in the same yeare repayring his forces, he 
girded it with a new si^e, in the which the Citizens so 
defended themselues, and offended him, that in the end he 
went away with shame. 

In the dissention that arose betweene king Edward the 
Confessor & his father in law Earle Goodwin (which was the 
mightiest subiect within this land that euer I haue read of) the 
Earle with a great armie came to London, and was for all 
that by the countenance of the Citizens resisted, till such 
time as the Nobilitie made reconciliation betweene them. 
About 70. years after the Conquest, Maude the Empresse 
made warre vpon king Stephen for the right of the Crowne, 
and had taken his person prisoner, but by the strength and 
assistance of the Londoners and Kentishmen, Maude was 
put to flight at Winchester, and her brother Robert^ then 
Earle of Glocester, was taken in exchange, for whome King 
Stephen was deliuered. I dispute not whose right was better, 
but I auouch the seruice, seeing Stephen was in possession. 

The Hystorie of William Walworth the Maior of London 
is well knowne, by whose manhoode and policie, the person 
of king Richarde the second was rescued, the Citie saued, 
Wat Tilar killed, and all his straglers discomfited, in re- 
warde of which seruice, the Maior and other Aldermen 
were knighted. 

lacke Cade also hauing discomfited the kinges Armie, that 
was sent agaynst him, came to London, and was there 
manfully and with long fight resisted, vntill that by the good 
policie of the Citizens his company was dispersed. 

Finally, in the tenth yeare of the raigne of king Edwarde 
the fourth, and not many dayes before the death of Henrie 
the sixt, I Thomas Neuell^ commonly called the bastard oiP^tjjs 
Fauconbridge^ armed a g^eat companie agaynst the king, 
and being denied passage through London, he assaulted 
it on diuerse parts : but he was repulsed by the Citizens, 
and chased as farre as Stratford with the losse of a great 
many. 

Thus much of certaine their principall, and personall seruices, 



204 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

in war onely, for it were infinite to repeate the particular aides 
of men and money which London hath ministered : and I had 
rather to leaue it to be coniectured at, by comparison to be 
made between it and other Cities, whereof I will giue you this 
one note for an example. In the 12. yeare of the raigne of 
king Edward the 2. it was ordered by Parliament, that euery 
City of the realme should make out souldiers aga}aist the 
Scots: at which time London was appoynted to send 200. 
men^ and Canterburie, being then one of our best Cities, 40. 
and no more. And this proportion of fiue^ to one, is now in 
our age increased, at the least fiue^ to one, both in souldiers 
and subsidie. As for the other seruices that London hath 
done in tymes of peace, they are to be measured by conside- 
ration of the commodities, whereof I will speake anon. In the 
meane season let the estate and gouemment of this City be 
considered to the end that it may appeare that it standeth 
well with the policie of the Realme. 

Ccesar in his Commentaries is witnes, that in his time the 
Cities of Britaine had lai^e territories annexed vnto them, and 
were seuerall estates of themselues, gouemed by particular 
kings or Potentates, as in Italie and Germany yet be : and 
that Mandubratius was king of the Trinobants, whose chiefe 
citie London is taken to haue beene. And I find not that this 
gouemment was altered, either by Ccesar^ or his successors, 
notwithstanding that the Countrie became tributarie vnto 
them : but that it continued vntill at length the Britons them- 
selues reduced all their peoples into one Monarchic, howbeit 
that lasted not any long season : for vpon Vartiger their king 
came the Saxons our Auncestors, and they draue the Britons 
into Wales, Cornwall, and Britaine in France, and in processe 
of Warre diuided the Country amongst themselues into an 
Eptarchie, or seauen kingdomes, of the which one was called 
Pagess6 the Kingdome of the East Saxons, | which hauing in maner 
the same limits that the Bishoprike of London now inioyeth, 
contayned Essex, Middlesex and a part of Hertfordshire, and 
so included London. Again, it appeareth that in course of 
time and about 800. yeares after Christ, Egbert (then K. of 
the west Saxons) Vtpisces scspe minutos magnus contest^ ouer- 
came the rest of the kings, and once more erected a Monarchie, 

* fiuc 1603; ? twenty-five, or -sixe. 



An Apologic of the Cittie of London 205 

the which till the comming in of the Normans, and from thence 
euen hitherto, hath tiontinucd. 

Now I doubt not (whatsoeuer London was in the time of 
C<Esar) but that vnder the Eptarchie and Monarchy it hath 
becne a subiect, and no free City, though happily endowed 
with some large priuiledgcs. For king WilHavi the Conqueror 
found a Portreeue there, whose name was Godfrey (by which 
name he greet eth him in his Saxon Charter^ ,z.nA\i\?, office was 
none other then the charge of a Bayliffe, or Reeue, as by the 
selfe same name continuing yet in Grauesend, and certain 
other places, may well appeare. But the Frenchmen vsing 
their own language, called him somtime a Prouost, and some- 
time a Bayhffe : whatsoeuer his name and office were, he was 
perpetuus Alagistratus, giuen by the Prince, and not chosen by 
the Citizens, as it seemeth, for what time king Richard the 
first needed money towardcs his expedition in the Holy land, 
they first purchased of him the Libertie to choose yearly from 
amongst themselues two Bayliffes: and king /oA« his successor, 
at their like sute changed their Bayliffes into a Maior, and two 
shiriffes. To these Hcnrie the third added Aldermen, at the 
first elcgible yearely, but afterward by king Edward the third 
made perpetuall Magistrates, and lustices of the peace within 
their wards, in which plightof government it presently standeth. 
This shortly as I could, is the Historical and outward estate of 
London : now come I to the inward pith and substance. 

The estate of this Citie is to be examined by the quantitie, 
and by the qualitie. 

The quantitie therefore consisteth in the number of the 
Citizens, which is very great, and farre exceedcth proportion 
of Hippodamus, which appoynted loooo, and of others which 
haue set downe other numbers, as meete stintes in theyr 
opinions to bee well gouerned, but yet seeing both reason 
and experience haue | freed vs from the law of any definite Pagessj 
number, so that other things be obserued, let that bee admitted : 
neither is London, I feare me, so great as populous: for well 
sayth one, Non idem est Jiiagua Ciuitas & frequens, mt^ia est 
enim qus multos habet qui arma Jerre possunl, whatsoeuer the 
number bee, it breedeth no feare of sedition : for as much as 
the same consisteth not in the extreames, but in a verie medio- 
' Chtirlir\ Chrc 1603 



2o6 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

critie of wealth and riches, as it shall better appeare anone. 
And if the causes of English rebellions be searched out, they 
shall bee found in effect to bee these twaine, Ambition and 
Couetausnes^ of which the first raigneth in the mindes of high 
and noble personages, or of such oUiers, as seeke to be gracious 
and popular, and haue robbed the hearts of the multitude, 
whereas in London, if any where in the worlde, honos vere onus 
est^ and euery man rather shunneth then seeketh the Maioraltie 
which is the best marke amongst them, neyther hath there 
been any strong faction, nor any man more popular then the 
rest, forasmuch as the gouemment is by a Pateme, as it were, 
and alwayes the same, how oftensoeuer they change their 
Magistrate. Couetousnesse^ that other Syre of sedition^ pos- 
sesseth the miserable and needy sort, and such as be naughty 
packes, vnthrifts, which although it cannot be chosen, but that 
in a frequent City as London is, there shall be found many, 
yet beare they not any great sway, seeing the multitude and 
most part there is of a competent wealth, and earnestly bent 
to honest labour. I confesse that London is a mighty arme 
and instrument to bring any great desire to effect, if it may be 
woon to a mans deuotion : wherof also there want not examples 
in the English Historie. But forasmuch as the same is by the 
like reason seruiceable and meete to impeach any disloyall 
attempt, let it rather be well gouemed then euil liked there- 
fore, for it shall appeare anon that as London hath adhered to 
some rebellions, so hath it resisted many, and was neuer the 
author of any one. The qualitie of this Citty consisteth eyther 
in the law and gouer(n)ment thereof: or in the d^^ees and 
condition of the Citizens, or in their strength and riches. 

It is besides the purpose to dispute, whether the estate of 
the gouemement here bee a Democratie^ or Aristocratic^ for 
whatsoeuer it bee, being considered in it selfe, certayne it is, 
Ph^ss^ that in rejspect of the whole Realme, London is but a Citizen, 
and no Citie, a subiect and no free estate, an obedienciarie, and 
no place indowed with any distinct or absolute power, for it is 
gouemed by the same law that the rest of the Realme is, both 
in causes Criminall, and Ciuill, a few customes onely excepted, 
which also are to bee adjudged or foriudged by the common 
law. And in the assembly of the estates of our Realme (which 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 207 

we call Parliament) they are but a member of the Comminaltie, 
and send two Burgesses for theyr Citie, as euerie poore Borough 
doth, and two knights for their Countie as euery other shyre 
doth, and are as straightly bound by such lawes as any part 
of the Realme is, for if contribution in subsidie of money to 
the Prince bee decreed, the Londoners haue none exemption, 
no not so much as to assesse themselues : for the prince doth 
appoint the Commissioners. 

If Souldiers must be mustered, Londoners haue no law to 
keepe themselues at home, if prouision for the Princes hous- 
holde bee to bee made, their goods are not priuiledged. In 
summe, therefore, the gouemment of London differeth not in 
substance, but in ceremonie from the rest of the realme, as 
namely, in the names and choise of their officers, and in their 
Guildes and Fraternities, established for the maintenance of 
Handicrafts, and Labourers, and for equitie and good order, 
to be kept in buying and selling. And yet in these also are 
they to be controlled by the generall law : for by the statutes 
28. E. 3. Chap. 10. and i. H. 4. Chap. 15. the points of their 
mi^[ouemment are inquirable by the inhabitants of the Forren 
sh)rres adioyning and punishable by such lusticiars as the 
Prince shall thereunto depute. To conclude therefore, the 
estate of London for gouemement is so agreeable a Symphony 
with the rest, that there is no feare of daungerous discord to 
ensue thereby. 

The multitude (or whole body) of this populous Citie is two 
wayes to bee considered, generally and specially : generally, 
they bee naturall Subiects, a part of the Commons of this 
Realme, and are by birth for the most part a mixture of all 
countries of the same, by bloud Gentlemen, Yeomen and of 
the basest sort, without distinction, and by profession busie 
Bees, and trauellers for their liuing in the hiue of this common 
wealth, but specially con|sidered, they consist of these three Pagess9 
parts, Marchantes, Handicrafts men, and Labourers. Mar- 
chandise is also diuided into these three sortes, Nauigation, by 
the which Marchandizes are brought, and carried in and out 
ouerthe Seas : Inuection by the which commodities are gathered 
into the Citie, and dispersed from thence into the Countrey 
by lande : and Negotiation, which I may call the keeping of 



2o8 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

a retayling or standing shop. In common speech they of the 
first sort be called Marchantes, and both the other Retaylers. 
Handicrafts men bee those which do exercise such artes as 
require both labour and cunning, as Goldsmithes, Taylors, and 
Haberdashers, Skinners, &c Labourers and Hirelings I call 
those quorum aperae non artes emuntur^ as Tullie sayeth, of 
which sort be Porters, Carmen, Watermen, &c. Againe these 
three sortes may be considered, eyther in respect of their 
wealth, or number : in wealth Marchants, and some of the 
chiefe Retaylers haue the first place : the most part of Re- 
taylers, and all artificers, the second or meane place: and 
Hyrelings the lowest roome: but in number they of the 
middle place be first, and doe farre exceede both the rest : 
Hyrelings be next, and Marchantes bee the last. Now, out 
of this, that the estate of London, in the persons of the 
Citizens, is so friendly enterlaced, and knit in league with 
the rest of the Realme, not onely at their beginning by birth 
and bloud as I haue shewed, but also verie commonly at their 
ending by life and conuersation (for that Marchantes and rich 
men, being satisfyed with gaine, doe for the most part marry 
theyr Children into the Countrey, and conuey themselues after 
Ciceroes counsell, veluti ex portu in agros & possessiones) : I doe 
inferred that there is not onely no danger towardes the common 
quiet thereby, but also great occasion and cause of good loue 
and amitie ; out of this, that they be generally bent to trauell, 
and doe flie pouertie, per mare, per saxa, per ignes, as the 
Poet sayeth, I draw hope, that they shall escape the note of 
many vices, which idle people do fall into. And out of this, 
that they bee a great multitude, and that yet the greatest part 
of them be ne)ilier too rich nor too poore, but doe Hue in the 
mediocritie, I conclude with Aristotle, that the Prince needeth 
not to feare sedition by them, for thus sayth hee: MagruB 
vrbes magis sunt a seditione libera, quod in eis dominetur \ 
J^^jdo mediocritaSy nam in paruis nihil medium est, sunt enim omnes 
vel pauperes vel opulenti. I am now to come to the streng^ 
and power of this Cittie, which consisteth partly in the number 
of the Cittizens themselues, whereof I haue spoken before, 
partly in their riches, and in their warlike furniture, for as 

ne] teferre i6os 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 209 

touching the strength of the place ^ it selfe, that b apparant to 
the eye, and therefore is not to be treated of. 

The wealth and warlicke furniture of London is eyther 
publicke or priuate, & no doubt the common treasure cannot 
be much there, seeing that the reuenew which they haue 
hardly sufficeth to maintaine their bridge and Conduits, and 
to pay their Officers and seruantes. Their Tolle doth not any 
more then pay their Fee Farme, that they pay to the Prince. 
Their Issues for default of Appearances be neuer leuied, 
and the profites of their Courtes of lustice do goe to particular 
mens handes. Argumentes hereof be these two, one that they 
can do nothing of extraordinarie charge without a generall 
contribution : an other that they haue suffered such as haue 
borne the chiefe office amongst them, and were become Bank- 
rupt, to depart the Cittie without reliefe, which I think they 
neyther would nor could haue done, if the common tresure 
had sufficed to couer their shame, hereof therefore we need 
not be afraide. The publike armour and munition of this 
Citty remayneth in the Hals of the Companies, as it doth 
throughout the whole Realme for a great part in the Parrish 
churches, neyther is that kept together, but onely for obedience 
to the law, which commandeth it, and therefore if that threaten 
daunger to the estate it may by another law bee taken from 
them, and committed to a more safe Armourie. 

The priuate riches of London resteth chiefly in the handes 
of the Marchantes and Retaylers, for Artificers haue not much 
to spare, and Labourers haue neede that it were giuen vnto 
them. Now how necessarie and seruiceable the estate of 
Marchandise is to this realme, it may partly appeare by the 
practise of that peaceable, politike and rich Prince king Henry 
the seauenth, of whome Polidare (writing his life) sayeth thus: 
Mercatares tile sxpenumero pecunia multa data gratuito iuua- 
bat^ vt mercatura ars vna omnium cunctis xque mortalibus turn 
commoda^ turn \ necessarian in sua regno copiosior esseU But P^es6z 
chiefly by the inestimable commodities that grow thereby: 
for who knoweth not that we haue extreame neede of many 
thinges, whereof forraine Countries haue great store, and that 
wee may spare many thinges whereof they haue neede : or 

* place] peece /jp^, i6oj 

STOW. n. P 



2IO An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

who is ignorant of this, that wee haue no mines of siluer or 
golde within our realme : so that the encrease of our coyne 
and Bulloine commeth from else where, and yet neverthelesse 
we be both fed, clad, and otherwise serued with forraine com- 
modities and delightes, as plentifull as with our domestical! : 
which thing commeth to passe by the meane of Marchandise 
onely, which importeth necessaries from other Countries, and 
exporteth the superfluities of our own. For seeing wee haue 
no way to encrease our treasure by mines of gold or siluer at 
home, and can haue nothing without money or ware from 
otiier countries abroad, it foUoweth necessarily, that if wee 
follow the counsel of that good olde husband Marcus Cato^ 
saying, OporUt patrem familias vetuUtcem esse^ nan emacent^ 
and doe carrie more commodities in value ouer the seas, then 
we bring hether from thence, that then the Realme shall 
receiue that ouerplus in money : but if we bring from beyond 
the seas marchandise of more value, then that which we do 
send ouer may counteruaile, then the Realme payeth for that 
ouerplus in ready money, and consequently is a looser by that 
ill husbandrie : and therefore in this part great and heedefull 
regard must be had that Symmetria and due proportion be 
kept, least otherwise eyther the Realme bee defrauded of her 
treasure, or the subiectes corrupted in vanitie, by excessive 
importation of superfluous and needles Marchandize, or els 
that wee feele penurie, euen in our greatest plentie and store, 
by immoderate exportation of our own needfull commodities. 
Other the benefites that marchandise bringeth, shall hereafter 
appeare in the general recitall of the commodities that come 
by London, and therefore it resteth that I speake a word of 
Retaylors, and finally shewe that much good groweth by 
them both. The chiefe part of Retayling, is but a handmaide 
to marchandise, dispersing by peecemeale, that which the 
marchant bringeth in grosse: of which trade be Mercers, 
P^j6» Grocers, Vinteners, Haberdashers, Ironmongers, | Millayners, 
and al such as sell wares growing or made beyond the seas, 
and therefore so long as Marchandise it selfe shalbe profitable 
and such proportion kept as ntyHtitx we loose our treasure 
thereby nor be cloyed with vnnecessary forrain wares, this 
kind of Retailimr Is *^ ' 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 21 1 

Now that Marchantes and Retaylors of London be very 
rich and great, it is so farre from any harme, that it is a thing 
both prayseworthy and profitable : for Mercatura (saycth 
Cicero) si tenuis est, sordida piiiauda est, sin magna est el 
copiosa nott est vituperanda. And truely Marchants and Re- 
taylars doe not altogether intus eanere, and profit themselues 
only, for the prince and realme both are enriched by their 
riches : the realme winneth treasure, if their trade be so 
moderated by authority, that It breake not proportion, & they 
besides beare a good fleece, which the prince may sheare 
when shee^ seeth good. 

But here before I conclude this part, I haue shortly to 
aunswere the accusation of those men, which charge London 
with the losse and decay of many (or most) of the auncient 
Citties, Corporate Townes and markets within this Realme, 
by drawing from them to her selfe alone, say they, both all 
trade of traffique by sea, and the retayling of Wares, and 
exercise of Manuall Artes also. Touching Nautgation, which 
I must confesse, is apparantly decayed in many port townes, 
and flourisheth onely or chiefly at London, I impute that 
partly to the fall of the Staple, the which being long since 
a great trade, and bestowed sometimes at one town and 
sometimes at another within the realme, did much enrich the 
place where it was, and being now not onely diminished in 
force, but also translated ouer the seas, cannot but bring some 
decay with it, partly, to the empayring of hauens, which in 
many places haue empouerished those townes, whose estate 
doth ebbe and flow with them, and partly to the dissolution 
of religious houses, by whose wealth and haunt, many of those 
places were chiefly fedde and nourished. I meane not to 
rehearse particular examples of euery sort : for the thing it 
selfe speaketh, and I hast to an ende : As for Relaylers there- 
fore, and Handicraftes men, it is no maruaile if they abandon 
Countrie Townes, and resort to London : for | not onely the Pagt s6j 
Court, which is now a dayes much greater & more gallant 
then in former times, and which was wonte to bee contented 
to remaine with a small companie, sometimes at an Abbey or 



' shee]he/6jj 



212 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

Priorie, sometimes at a Bishops house, and sometimes at some 
meane Mannor of the kings own, is now for the most part 
either abiding at London, or else so neare vnto it, that the 
prouision of thinges most fit for it, may easily be fetched from 
thence: but also by occasion thereof, the Gentlemen of all 
shires do flie and flock to this Citty, the yonger sort of them 
to see and shew vanity, and the elder to saue the cost and 
charge of Hospitality, and house keeping. For hereby it 
commeth to passe that the Gentlemen being eyther for 
a good portion of the yeare out of the Countrie, or playing 
the Farmours, Grasiars, Brewers or such like, more then 
Gentleman were wont to doe within the Countrie, Retaylers 
and Artificers, at the least of such thinges as pertayne to the 
backe or belly, do leaue the Countrie townes, where there is 
no vent, and do flie to London, where they be sure to finde 
ready and quicke market. And yet I wish, that euen as many 
Townes in the Low countries of king Philips doe stand some 
by one handy arte, and some by an other : so also that it 
might be prouided here that the making of some things, 
m^ht (by discreete dispensation) be allotted to some speciall 
townes, to the end, that although the daintinesse of men 
cannot be restrayned, which will needes seeke those things at 
London, yet other places also might be relieued, at the least 
by the Workemanship of them. 

Thus much then of the estate of London, in the gouemment 
thereof, in the condition of the Cittizens, and in their power 
and riches. Now follow(s) the enumeration of such benefltes, 
as redound to the Prince and this Realme by this Citty : In 
which doing I professe not to rehearse all, but onely to recite 
and runne ouer the chiefe and principall of them. 

Besides the commodities of the furtherance of Religion, and 
Justice : The propagation of Learning : The maintenaunce of 
artes : The increase of riches, and the defence of Countries 
(all which are before shewed to grow generally by Citties, and 
be common to London with them) London bringeth singularly 
Pag^sU these good | thinges following. 

By aduantage of the sdtuation it disperseth forraine Wares, 
(as the stomacke ' ^ all the members most com- 

modioosly. 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 213 

By the Benefite of the riucr of Thames, and greate trade of 
Marchandize, it is the chiefe maker of Marriners, and Nurse of 
our Nauie, and ships (as men know) be the wooden Walles 
for defence of our realme. 

It maintaineth, in flourishing estate, the countries of Nor- 
folke, Suflfolke, Essex, Kent and Sussex, which as they lie in 
the face of our most puissant neighbour, so ought they^ aboue 
others, to bee consented in the greatest strength and riches : 
and these, as it is well knowne, stand not so much by the 
benefite of their owne soile, as by the neighbourhood and 
neames which they haue to London. 

It releeueth plentifullie, and with good policie^ not onely 
her owne poore people, a thing which scarsely any other 
Towne or shire doth, but also the poore that from each 
quarter of the Realme doe flocke vnto it^ and it imparteth 
liberally to the necessitie of the Uniuersities besides. It is an 
ornament to the realm by the beautie thereof, and a terror to 
other countries by reason of the greate welth and frequencie. 
It spreadeth the honour of our Countrie far abroad by her 
long nauigations, and maketh our power feared, euen of 
barbarous Princes. It only is stored with rich Marchants, 
which sort onely is tollerable: for b^garlie Marchantes do 
byte too neare, and will do more harme then good to the 
Realm. 

It onely of any place in this realme is able to furnish the 
sodaine necessity with a strong armie. It auayleth the prince 
in Tronage, Poundage and other her customes, much more then 
all the rest of the realme. 

It yeeldeth a greater Subsidie then any one part of the 
realme, I meane not for the proportion of the value of the 
goodes onelie, but also for the faithfull seruice there ysed> in 
making the assesse, for no where else bee men taxed so neare 
to their iust value as in London : yea many are found there, 
that for their countenance and credite sake, refuse not to bee 
rated aboue their abilitie, which thing neuer hapneth abroade 
in the | country. I omit that in ancient time, the inhabitants Pagej^s 
of London & other Cities, were accustomably taxed after the 
tenth of their goods, when the countrie was assessed at the 
fifteenth, and rated at the viij. when the countrie was set at 



214 ^n Apologie of the Cittie of London 

the xii. for that were to awake a sleeping Dogge, and I should 
be thought dicenda^ iacenda locutus^ as the Poet aaid« 

It onely doth and is able to make the Prince a readie prest 
or loane of money. 

It onely is found fit and able to entertaine strangers honour- 
ablie, and to receiue the Prince of the Realme worthily. 

Almightie God {qui nisi custadiat duitaUnt^frustra vigilat 
cusios) grant, that her Maiestie euermore rightly esteeme & rule 
this Citie, and he giue grace, that the Citizens may answere 
duty, aswell towards God and her Maiestie, as towards this 
whole realme and countrey, Amen. 



An Appendix contayning the examination of 

such causes as haue heretofore moued the Princes, 

either to fine and ransome the Citizens of 

London, or to seize the Liberties of 

the Citty it selfe 

± HESE all may be reduced to these few heads : for eyther 
the Citizens haue adheared, in aide or armes, to such as haue 
warred vpon the Prince: or they haue made tumult, and 
broken the common peace at home : or they haue misbehaued 
themselues in point of gouemment and iustice : or finally, and 
to speake the plaine truth, the princes haue taken hold of small 
matters, and coyned good summes of money out of them. 

To the first head I will referre whatsoeuer they haue done 
either in those warres that happened betweene king Stephen 
and Maude the Empresse, being competitors of the crowne : 
J^s66 or beejtweene king lohn and his nobles, assisting Lewes the 
French kings sonne when he inuaded the Realme : for it is 
apparent by all Histories^ that the Londoners were not the 
mouers of these wars, but were onely vsed as instruments to 
maintayne them. The like is to be said of all the offences 
that king Henry the third, whose whole raigne was a continuall 
warfare, conceiued against this City, concerning the bearing of 
Armour against him : for the first part of his raigne was spent 
in the continuation of those warres that his father had hegfxn 
with Lewis. And the rest of his life he bestowed in that 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 215 

contention^ which was commonly called the Barons warres. 
In which Tragedy London, as it could not be otherwise, had 
now and then a part, and had many a snub at the kings hand 
for it But in the end when he had triumphed ouer Simon 
Mountfard at Euesham, London felt it most tragicall : for 
then hee both seysed their liberties, and sucked themselues 
drie: and yet Edictum Kenelworth^ made shortly after, hath 
an honourable testimonie for London, saying, TV London 
laudamus^ &c. As for the other offences that he tooke 
against the Londoners, they pertaine to the other parts of 
my diuision. 

Next after this, against whom the Londoners did put on 
armes, followeth king Edward the second, who in the end was 
depriued of his kingdome, not by their meanes but by a 
generall defection, both of his owne wife and sonne, and almost 
of the whole Nobility and Realme besides. In which trouble, 
that furious assault and slaughter committed by them vpon 
the Bishop of Excester, then Treasurer of the Realme, is to 
be imputed, partly to the sway of the time wherewith they 
were carried, and partly to a priuate displeasure which they 
had to the Bishop. 

Finally commeth to hand King Richard the second : for 
these three onely in all the Catalogue of our kings, haue beene 
heauie Lordes to London, who also had much contention with 
his Nobilitie, and was in the end deposed. But whatsoeuer 
countenance and aide the Citie of London brought to the 
warres and vprores of that time, it is notoriously true that 
London neuer led the dance, but euer followed the pipe of the 
Nobilitie. To close vp this first part therefore I affirme, that 
in all the troublesome actions during the raigne of these three 
kings, as also in all that heauing in, & hurjling out, that after- Pages6f 
ward happened betweene king H. the sixt, and king Edward 
the fourth, the City of London was many times a friend and 
fautor, but neuer the first motiue or author of any intestine 
warre or sedition. 

In the second room I place a couple of tumultuous affrayes 
that chaunced in the dales of king R. the first, the one vpon 
the day of his Coronation against the lewes, which contrary 
to the kings owne proclamation, would needes enter the Church 



2i6 An Apologie of the Cittie of London 

to see him sacred, & were therefore cruelly handled by the 
common people. The other was caused by William with the 
long beard, who after that he had inflamed the poore pec^le 
against the richer sort, and was called to answere for his fault, 
tooke Bow church for Sanctuary, and kept it Castle like, till 
he was flered out 

Here is place also for the stoning to death of a Gentleman, 
seruant to the halfe brother of king Henry the third, which 
had before prouoked the Citizens to fury, by wounding diuers 
of them without any cause, 1 257 : for the riotous fray betweene 
the seruantes of the Goldsmithes and the Taylors, ia68 : for the 
hurly buiiy and bloodshed betweene the Londoners and the 
men of Westminster, moued by the young men vpon an occasion 
of a wrestling on Saint lames day, 1221, and made worse by 
one Constantine an ancient Citizen : for the braule and busi- 
nesse that arose about a Bakers loafe at Salisbury place 1391 : 
for the which and some other misdemeanors king Richard 
the 2. was so incensed by euill counsell against the Londoners 
that he determined to destroy them, & raze their Citie : and 
for the fight that was betweene the citizens & sanctuary men 
of 5. Martins 1454, vnder king Henry the sixt : and finally for 
the misrule on euill May day 151 9. and for such other like if 
there haue beene any. 

To the third head may be referred the seiser of their liberties, 
for a false iudgement giuen against a poore widdow, called 
Margaret Viel^ 1246. the 2. seueral seisers in one yeare 1258. 
for false packing in collections of money, and other enormities : 
and finally the seiser made by king Edward the first for taking 
of bribes of the Bakers 1285. But all this security in seising 
and resuming of the liberties, which was in old time the 
Pages^ onely ordinarie punishment, | was at length mitigated by king 
Edward the third and king Henry the fourth in their statutes 
before remembred. 

In the last place stand those oflences, which I repute rather 
taken then giuen, and do fall within the measure of the adage, 
vt canem cxdas^ cito inuenias baculum: for king John in the 
tenth of his raigne deposed the Bailifies of London, because 
they had bought vp th^ tket» so that there 

was not to aerM<^ lie third his 



An Apologie of the Cittie of London 217 

Sonne compelled the Londoners to pay him 5ooo.li. because 
they had lent to Lewes the French the like summe, of a good 
mind to dispatch him out of their Citie and the realme, at such 
time as the Protector and the whole Nobilitie fell to com- 
position with him for his departure. And the same king fined 
them at three thousand markes, for the escape of a prisoner 
out of Newgate, of whom they tooke no charge : for he was 
a Clarke, prisoner to the Bishop of London, vnder the custody 
of his owne seruants, and as for the place, it was onely borrowed 
of the Londoners to seme that tume. Hitherto of these things 
to this end, that whatsoeuer misdemeanor shall bee obiected 
out of Historic against London, the same may herdn appeare, 
both in his true place, and proper colour. 



2i8 The Author to the Reader 



Pagts^ The Author to the Reader. 

BeCA use amongst other mine Authors I haue oftentimes 
aUedged Fitz-Stephens, as one mare choice then other ^ namely 
for the auncient estate of this Citie^ more then 400. yeares 
since : and also the said Author being rare^ I haue in this f lace 
thought good by impression to impart the same to my louing 
friendsy the learned Antiquaries^ as the Author wrote it in the 
Latine tongue. And first to note in effect^ what M. Bale in 
commendation of the said Author writeth. 

William Stephanides, or Fitzstephen, a Monke of Canter- 
bury, borne of worshipfull parentes in the Citie of London^ wel 
brought vp at the first vnder good Maisters^ did more and more 
increase in honest conditions and learning : for euer in his 
young yeares there appeared in him a certaine light of a Gentle^ 
manlike disposition^ which promised many good things^ after- 
ward by him performed. Such time as otlier spent in braules^ 
and idle talke^ he employed in holesome exercises for the honour 
of his countrie^ following therein the example of Plato : and 
was very studious both in humanity and diuinity. 

The City of Londoft his birth place^ the most noble of all 
other Cities of this land^ and the Princes seate^ scituated in the 
south part of the Iland^ he loued aboue all the other ^ so that 
at length hee wrote most elegantly in latine of the sites and 
rites of the same. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth 
him for an excellent writer. He liued in the raigne of king 
Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the second^ and deceased 
in the yeare of Christ 1191. in the raigne of Richard the 
first. I 



Descriptio Londoniae 219 



Descriptio Nobilissimae Ciuitatis Londoniae.* Pvsio 

De Situ Eiusdem. 

Inter nobiles vrbes orbis\ quas fama celebrat, ciuitas 
Londonia^, regni Anglorum sedes, vna est quae famam sui 
latius diffundit, opes et merces longrius transmittit, caput altius 
extollit. Felix est aeris salubritate, Christiana religione, 
firmitate munitionum, natura situs, honore ciuium, pudicitia 
inatronali. Ludis etiam quam^ iocunda, et nobilium est^ 
fcecunda virorum. Qu£ singula semotim libet inspicere. 

De dementia Aeris? 
Ibi siquidem — 

' Emollit animos hominum dementia coeli ' ; 

non vt sint in Veneretn putres ® t> sed ne feri sint et bestiales, 
potius '^ benigni et liberales. 

De Religione. 

Est ibi, in ecclesia Bead Pauli, Episcopalis Sedes. Quondam 
fuit Metropolitana, et adhuc futura creditur, si remeauerint 
ciues in insulam : nisi forte Beati Thomae Martyris titulus 
Archiepiscopalis dignitatem illam Cantuariae, vbi nunc est, 
conseruet perpetuam. Sed cum vtramque vrbium harum^ 
Sanctus Thoma illustrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam 
occasu, ipsius Sancti intuitu, cum iustitiae accessu, habet 
altera aduersus alteram quod amplius alleget. Sunt etiam, 
quod ad Christianas fidei cultum pertinet ^ tum in Londonia 
tum in suburbano, tresdecim maiores ecclesiae Conuentuum, 
praeter minores Parochianas ^^ centum viginti sex. 

De Firmitate Vrbis, 

Habet ab Oriente arcem palatinam, maximam et fortissi- 
mam, cuius et area et muri a^^ fundamento profundissimo 

^ orbis vrbes, Z. ' Londoniae, L. ' etiam est, JL 

* est, om. S. » Caeli, C • putres, am. C. ' sed potius, C. 

* harum vrbium, L. * pertinent, Z. ^ parochitanas, L. ^ et, C. 



* For a Note on the Text here given see p. 387 below, 
t Persius, Sat, 5. 58 : * In Venerem putret.' 



220 Descriptio Nohilissimae 

exurgunt ^ ; cacmento cum sanguine animalium temperato. | 
Pagejji Ab Occidente duo^ castella munitissima ; muro vrbis alto et 
magno, duplatis heptapylae' portis, intercontinuante, spatio 
turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Similiterque, ab Austro 
Londonia murata et turrita fuit ; sed fluuius maximus piscosus 
Thamensis ^, mari influo refluoque, qui iliac allabitur, maenia 
ilia tractu temporis alluit ^, labefactauit, deiecit. Item, sursum 
ab Occidente palatium regium eminet super fluuium eundem^ 
aedificium incomparabile, cum antemurali et propugnaculis, 
duobus millibus ab vrbe, suburbano frequent! continuante. 

De Hortis. 

Vndique extra domos suburbanorum horti duium, arboribus 
consiti, spatiosi et speciosi, contigui habentur. 

De Pascuis et Sationalibus. 

Item, a Borea sunt agri pascui ^, et pratorum grata planities, 
aquis fluuialibus interfluis ; ad quas molinorum versatiles rotae 
citantur cum murmure iocoso. Proxime patet foresta ingens ^, 
saltus nemorosi, ferarum latebras, ceruorum, damarum, aprorum, 
et taurorum ^ siluestrium. Agri vrbis sationales non sunt ieiunae 
glareae, sed pingues Asiae campi, qui ' fadant^ laetas s^etes'*; 
et suorumcultorum repleant horrea *Cerealis mergite^^ culmi'.f 

De Fontibtis. 

Sunt etiam " circa Londoniam ab Aquilone suburban! fontes 
praedpui, aqua dulci, salubri, perspicua, et 'per claros riuo 
trepidante lapillos'. Inter quos Fons Sacer, Fons Clericorum, 
Fons Sancti Clementis, nominatiores habentur; et adeuntur 
celebriore^^ accessu et maiore^^ frequentia scholarium,et vrbanae 
iuuentutis in serotinis asstiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs sane 
bona, cum ^^ bonum habeat dominum. | 

* exsurgant, L. H, • duo sunt, C ' eptafile, Z-. * Thame- 
818, Z.. ^ abluit, L. * agri, pascue, Z. ^ ingens foresta, L, 
• vr8oram, Z. • £adunt, C S. *® iugere, S, " et, S, 
^ celebriori, S, *' maiori, S, ** si, Z. 

* Vergil, Georgics, i. i. t Id, ib. ii. 517. 



Ciuitaiis Londoniae 221 

De Honor e Ciuium. Pagtsi^ 

Vrbs ista viris est honorata, armis decorata, multo habitatore 
populosa; vt tempore bellicae dadis, R^[e^ Stephano, bello 
apt! ex ea exeuntes qui ostentatui ^ haberentur, viginti millia 
armatorum equitum^ et^ sexaginta tnillia^ peditum xsti- 
marentur. Ciues Londoniae, vbicumque locorum, prae omnibus 
aliis ciuibus omatu morum, vestium, et mensae, locutione^ 
spectabiles et noti habenturJ 

De. Matronis. 
Vrbis matrons ipsse Sabinse sunt. 

De Scholis, 

In Londoniis tres principales ecclesiae ; videlicet, Sedes 
Episcopalis ecclesia Sancti Pauli, ecclesia Sanctae Trinitatis, 
et ecclesia Sancti Martini ^ scholas celebres habent^ de^^ priui- 
legio et antiqua dignitate. Plerumque tamen fauore personam 
alicuius ^^, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui secundum philosophiam 
noti et praedari habentur ^\ et aliae sunt ibi scholae de gratia et 
permissione." 

Diebus festis, ad ecclesias festiuas magistri conuentus cele- 
brant^^ Disputant ^^ scholares, quidam demonstratiue, dialec- 
tice alii; alii recitant^® enthymemata, hii melius perfectis^^ 
vtuntur syllogismis. Quidam ad ostentationem exercentur 
disputatione, quae est inter colluctantes ; aUi ad veritatem^ ea 
quae est perfectionis ^^ gratia. Sophistae simulatores agmineet 
inundatione verborum beati iudicantur; alii paralogizant.^^ 
Oratores aliqui quandoque orationibus rhetoricis aliquid dicunt 
apposite ^ ad persuadendum, curantes artis praecepta seruare 
et ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Fueri diuersarum scho- 

^ sub Rege, 5. ; iubente Rege, Z. * ostentatui ostentui, L. ' millia 
equitum armatos, C, * et, om. S, ^ mille, S. * lauti- 

orum, L, * ^fi^ habentur L. cMs : Habitatores aliarum vrbium dues, 
huius barones dicuntur. Eis est finis omnis controuersiae sacramentum. 
• videlicet . . . Martini, om. S. L. H. • habent celebres, C. " et, C 
^^ personae om, C. " habeantur H\ noti habeantur et praedari, C. 

" favore personali alicuius notorum secundum philosophiam plures ibi 
scholae admittuntur, L, ^* cdebrantur, S. ; magistri celebrant cum 

disdpulis suis conventus, gratia exerdtationis, C ^^ Disputant ibidem, C 
^* hii rotant, L. ^ perfectis melius, L. ^* perspectionis, Z. 

^ paralogizantur, C H, ^ apposite, om. L, 



222 Descripiio Nobilissimae 

larum inter se versibus ^ conrixantur : aut ' de principiis artis ' 
grammaticx, aut de^ r^ulis praeteritorum vel futurorum^ 
contendunt Sunt alii qui in^ epigrammatibus, rhythmiS} et 
metris, vtuntur uetere ilia triuiali dicacitate; licentia Fe- 
scennina socios^suppressis nominibus^ liberius lacerant ; loedorias 
iaculantur et scommata''^; salibus Socraticis sociorum, vel 
forte maiorum, vitia tangunt; vel mordacius dente rodunt 
Theonino ''.f Auditores 

* multum ridere parati, 



Ingeminant tremulos naso crispante cachinnos'.t 

P^^W De Dispositione Vrbis. 

Singulorum officiorum exercitores ', singularum rerum vendi- 
tores, singularum operarum suarum locatores, cotidiano ^ mane 
per se sunt locis distincti omnes, vt officiis. Praeterea est in 
Londonia, super ripam fluminis, inter vina et nauibus et cellis 
vinariis venalia, publica coquina. Ibi quotidie, pro tempore, est 
inuenire cibaria, fercula, assa ^^, frixa, elixa, pisces, pisdculos, 
cames grossiores pauperibus, delicatiores diuitioribus, venati- 
onum, avium, avicularum. Si subito veniant ad aliquem ciuium 
amici fatigati ex itinere, nee libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui 
cibi emantur et ^^ coquantur, 

*Dent" famuli manibus lymphas panesque ' ^^ §, 

interim ad ripam curritur ; ibi praesto sunt omnia desiderabilia. 
Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infinitas intrat^* vrbem, 
qualibet diei vel noctis hora^ vel ab urbe exitura, ne vel hii 
nimium ieiunent, vel alii impransi exeant, illuc, si placet ^^^ 

* versibus inter se, S. H, * et, 5. ' artis, om, L, 

* aut de, am, 5. /jT. ; vel, Z. " supinorum, L. • in, om, S, 

^ ne mordacius dente rodant Theonino, audacibus dithirambis, Z. ; ne 
mordacius dente rodant procaciori, audacioribus conuitiis, C, ^ exer- 
dtatores, C. * (^uotidiano, S, '^ assa, om, C, ; D, and 

H. agree with S, ; assa, pista, frixa, L, " et, om, S, H, ** dant, S, 
*• panesque canistris, Z. " intrant, C, ; intrans, Z. ; intrarit, D, H, 

^ placeat, S. H. 

• Macrobius, Saturnalia^ vii. 3. 

t Horace, Epist, i. 18. 82 : * Dente Theonino.' 

X Persius, Sat, 3. 86, 87 : ' His populus ridet, multumque torosa iuuentus 
Ineeminat tremulos naso crispante cachinnos.' 

f Veigili Aeneid^ \, 701 : 'Dant famuli manibus lymphas, Cereremque 
canistris? 



Ciuitatis Londoniae 223 

diuertutit, et se pro modo suo singuli reficiunt. Qui se 
curare volunt moUiter, accipiunt anserem, vel Afram auem, vel 
attagen lonicum * ; non opus ut quid quaerant ^, appositis, quae 
ibi inueniuntury deliciis. Haec equidem publica coquina est, 
et ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuilitatem ^ pertinens. 
Hinc est» quod legitur in ' Gorgia ' Platonis f, iuxta medicinam 
esse coquorum officium simulacrum ^ et adulationem quartae 
particular ciuilitatis.^ 

^ Est ibi extra vnam portarum, statim in suburbio, quidam 
planus campus, re et nomine. Omni sexta feria, nisi sit maior 
festiuitas praeceptas solemnitatis, est ibi * celebre spectaculum ^ 
nobilium equorum venalium : spectaturi vel empturi veniunt, 
qui in vrbe assunt ^ Comites, Barones, Milites, ciues plurimi. 
luuat videre gradarios, succussatura nitente ^, suauiter ambu- 
lantes ; pedibus lateraliter simul erectis, quasi a subaltemis, et 
demissts : hinc, equos qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius | 
incedentes, sed expedite tamen, qui quasi a contradictoribus^®/'<«^/7¥ 
pedes simul eleuant et deponunt : hinc,nobiles pullos iuniores^^, 
qui, nondum fraeno bene ^* assueti, — 

' Altius incedunt, et mollia crura reponunt : ' % 

hinc, summarios, membris validis et v^etis : hinc, dextrarios 
pretiosos, elegantis formae, staturae honestae, micantes auribus, 
ceruicibus arduis, clunibus obesis. In horum incessu spectant 
emptores ; primo, passum suaviorem, postea motum citatiorem, 
qui est quasi a contrariis pedibus, anterioribus simul solo amotis 
et admotisy et posterioribus similiter. Cum talium sonipedum 
cursus imminety et aliorum forte, qui similiter sunt in genere 
suo ad vecturam validi, ad cursuram vegeti, clamor attollitur, 

' molliter, accipenserem vel aliam auem, vel attagen lonicum non 
quaerant, S, //. ; so also Z., but reading Airram,y^r aliam. * ciui- 

tatem, S, H. • simulantium, S. * ciuitatis, C, * C. begins 

afresh chapter headed De Smethefelde. * ibidem, Z. "^ specta- 

culonmiy S. * adsunt, S, * succussatura intente et, L. ; cute 

succo satura, pile connitente, C. '^ contradictoriis, Z. " minores, Z. 
*' bene, om, Z. 



* Horace, Efiod, 2. 53-5 : * Non Afra avis descendat in ventrem meum, 
Non attagen lonicus lucundior.* 

t Gorgias, 464E. 

X Vergil, Georg, iii. 76 : 'Altius ingreditur, et mollia crura reponit.' For 
the next Jew lines cf. id. ib. iii. 77-85. 



224 Descriptio Nobilissimae 

vulgares equos in partem ire ^ praecipitur. Sessores mlipedum 
pueri tres ' simul, aliquando bini ex condicto et bin! ' certamini 
se praeparant, docti equis imperitare indomitorum MupatJt 
temperant fraenis ora ' * : hoc maxime praecauent ^y ne alter 
alteri cursum ^ praeripiat. 

Equi * similiter, pro modo suo, ^ ad certamen curstis illius 
se^ attollunt; tremunt artus, morae impatientes, stare loco 
nesciunt; facto signo, membra extendunt; cursum rapiunt, 
agilitate peruicaci feruntur. Certant sessores laudis amore, 
spe^ victoriae, equis admissis subdere calcaria, et nee minus 
vrgere eos virgis et ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu 
esse, secundum Heraditum, et falsam omnino 2^onis sen- 
tentiam, dicentis quoniam non contingit moueri neque stadium 
pertransire. 

Parte alia stant seorsum^^ rusticorum peculia,agrorum instru- 
menta, sues longis lateribusi vaccae distentis vberibus, — 

'Corpora magna boum, lanigerumque pecus/f 

Stant ibi aptae aratris, trahis, et bigis equae; quarundam 
ventres foetibus ^^ protument " ; alias editi foetus obeunt, pulli 
lasciuiores, sequela inseparabilis. Ad vrbem banc ^^9 ex omni 
natione quae sub coelo est, navalia gaudent ^^ institores habere 
commercia ; — 

'Aurum mittit Arabs; species et thura Sabaeus; 
Arma Scythes; oleum palmarum diuite silua, 
Pag€S7s Fingue solum Bajbylon ; Nilus lapides pretiosos ; 
Seres purpureas vestes : Galli sua vina ; 
Norwegi, Rusci^, varium, g^sium, sabelinas/:t 

Vrbe Roma, secundum Chronicorum fidem, satis antiquior 
est. Ab eisdem quippe patribus Troianis, haec prius a Bruto 
condita est quam illa^^ a Remo et Romulo ; vnde et adhuc 

* irae, S. ^ quadraginta, Z. 'ex condicto et bini, om, C 

* praecauerit, C. * concursum, S, ' Et^ui, S, ^ se before ad, Z. 

• se, am, S. L, H, • et spc, L, *• seorsun, S. " fcetiDus, om, Z. 
" tument, S. H. " Ad banc vrbem, Z. " gaudem, S, 
" Russi, S. H. »• ilia, om. S. 

* Horace, Od, i. 8. 6, 7. 

t This line seems to be made up of two separate ' tisgs * from Ovid and 
Vergil. 

X These lines are of unhnetm autharshipy but are based on Vergil, 
Geofgici. L C7 emdu. 115-17. 



Ciuitatis Londoniae 225 

antiquis eisdem vtuntur legibus et communibus institutis. 
Haec \ similiter illi, regionibus est distincta ; habet annuos, 
pro Consulibus, Vicecomites ; habet Senatoriam dignitatem 
et ^ magistratus minores ; eluuiones et aquaeductus in vicis ; 
ad genera causarum, deliberatiuae, demonstratius, iudicialis, 
loca sua, fora singula ; habet sua diebus statutis Comitia.^ 

Non puto vrbem esse in qua sint probabiliores consuetu- 
dinesy in ecclesiis visitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, festis 
feriandis, deemosynis dandis, in hospitibus suscipiendis» in 
desponsationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis 
celebrandis, conuiuiis omandis, conuiuis hilarandis ; etiam, in 
exequiis curandis et cadaueribus humandis. 

Solx pestes Londoniae ^ sunt immodica^ stultorum potatio^ 
et frequens incendium. Ad hsec, omnes fere Episcopi, Ab- 
bates, et magnates Angliae, quasi ciues et municipes sunt vrbis 
Londoniae ; sua ibi habentes aedificia pra&clara,vbi se recipiunt, 
vbi diuites impensas faciunt, ad condlia, ad conuentus celebres 
in vrbem ^ evocati a Domino Rege, vel Metropolitano suo, seu 
propriis tracti negotiis. 

De Ludis. 

Amplius et ad ludos vrbis veniamus, quoniam non expedit 
vtilem tantum et seriam vrbem esse, nisi dulcis etiam sit et 
iocunda.^ Vnde et in sigillis summorum Fontificum, vsque ad 
tempora Leonis ^ Papas, ex altera parte bullae, sculpto ^® per 
impressionem piscatore Petro, et supra eum claue, quasi manu ^^ 
Dei de coelis ei porrecta, et circa eum versu ; — 

* Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem.' | ^ 
Ex altera parte impressa erat vrbs, et scriptura ista; — Pog*si^ 

* Aurea ** Roma.' f 
Item ad laudem Caesaris Augusti et Romae, dictum est ; — 
' Nocte pluit tota, redeunt spectacula mane ; 
Diuisum imperium cum loue, Caesar, habes.' % 

^ Hec etiam, Z. ' et, om. L, ^ sua die ius statuendi Comitla, 
C, ; sua diebus statutis Commercia, L. * Londini, 5. * immo* 

derata, S. H. * putatio, C ^ in urbexn, om, L. * iucunda, S. 
* uhimi Leonis, Z. '^ scripto, C. Z. ; sculpto, Z>. " in manu^ C 

*• Aulsea, Z. 

* Cf. Ciaconios, De Vitis PanHficumy i. 807. 

t Aufonius, De Claris VrbibuSi i. 

X Donatus, Vita Virgilii^ ap. Heyne's Virgil^ vol. v, p. 343. 

STOW. It O 



226 Descriptio Nobilissimae 

Londonia, pro spectaculis theatralibus, pro ludis scenicis, 
ludos habet sanctiores, repraesentationes Miraculorum quae 
sancti Confessores operati sunt, seu rqpraesentationes Passionum 
quibus claruit constantia Martyrum. 

Praeterea, quotannis, die quae dicitur ' Carniuale ^ ', vt a 
puerorum ludis ' incipiamus, — omnes enim pueri fuimus — scho- 
larum singuli' pueri suos apportant magistro suo gallos 
gallinaceos pugnatores ^ ; et totum illud antemeridianum datur 
ludo puerorum, vacantium spectare in scholis suorum pugnas 
gallorum. 

Post prandium, exit in campos omnis ^ iuuentus vrbis ad 
lusum ^ pilae celebrem. Singulorum studiorum scholares suam 
habent pilam ; singulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores ^ suam 
^ singuli pilam ^ in manibus.^^ Maiores natu, patres, et diuites 
vrbis, in equis, spectatum ueniunt certamina iuniorum, et modo 
suo iuuenantur^^ cum iuuenibus; et excitari videtur in eis 
motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus et participa- 
tione gaudiorum adolescentiae liberioris. 

Singulis diebus Dominicis in Quadragesima, post prandia ^^, 
exit in campos^^ iuuenum recens examen* in equis bellicosis **, 

* in equis certamine primis * t» quorum quisque** — 

* Aptus et in gyros " currere doctus equo.' % 

Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filii ciuium laici, instruct! 
lanceis et scutis militaribus; iuniores hastilibus ^^, ferro 
dempto ^^ praefurcatis ; simulacra belli cient ^^ §, et agonisticam 
exercent militarem ^^ Adueniunt et plurimi aulici, Rege in 
vicino posito, et de familiis ^^ Consulum et Baronum ephebi, 
nondum cingulo donati militiae, gratia concertandi. Accendit ^^ 
singulos spes victoriae ; equi feri adhinniunt ; tremunt artus, 

^ Carnilevaria, //. Z. ; Carnivelaria, C. ^ a ludis puerorum London, L* 
^ singularum, L, ^ pugnaces, Z. ^ vadit in suburbanam planitiem, Z. 

• ludum, Z. ^ exeratatores, C. ^ • fere before singuli, Z. • polam, C 
^^ pilam in manibus, om, Z. ^^ inueniuntur, 5. /r. ^' prandium, C 
" campum, C " et after bellicosis, C " sit after quisque, C. 
^* est iefore currere, Z. " hastalibus, S. " ferro dempto, om, Z. 
*• campestria praelia ludunt, after cient, Z. " militiam C. ^ Epi- 
scoporum, after familiis, Z. " accedit, C 

* Horace, Od. i. 35. 30, 31 : ' iuuenum recens Examen.' 
t Horace, Ars Poetica^ 84 : ' equum certamine primum.' 
X Ovid, Art, Am. lii. 384 : ' In gyros ire coactus equus.' 
I Vei^gil, AenHd^ v. 674. . 



Citiitatis Londoniae 227 

fraenos mandunt^ | impatientes morae stare loco nesciunt. Cum Pagesn 
tandem sonipedum rapit vngula cursum'^, sessores adole- 
scentes, diuisis agminibus, hii prxcedentibus ^ instant, nee 
assequuntur ' ; hii socios ^ deiiciunt et praeteruolant 

In feriis Paschalibus ludunt quasi praelia naualia. In arbore 
siquidem mediamna ^ scuto fortiter innexo, nauicula, multo ' 
remo et raptu fluminis cita, in prora * stantem habet iuuenem, 
scutum illud lancea percussurum. Qui si, scuto ill! lanceam 
illidens, frangat earn, et immotus persistat '^^ habet propositum, * 
voti compos est ^ Si vero lancea integra fortiter percusserit, 
in profluentem amnem^ deiicitur^^; nauis motu suo acta 
praeterit. Sunt tamen hinc inde secus scutum ^^ dux naues 
stationarix, et in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percusso- 
rem flumine absorptum ^^ cum primo emersus comparet, vel 
'summa rursus cum bullit in vnda'.f Supra Pontem, et in^^ 
solariis supra fluuium, sunt qui talia spectent^^, 'multum 

ridere parati.'t 

In festis tota aestate iuuenes ludentes exercentur in saliendo, 
in^^ arcu, lucta^^ iactu lapidum, amentatis missilibus vltra 
metam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cytherea ^^ 
ducit choros, et ' pede libero puUatur tellus ', vsque imminente 
luna. § 

In hyeme, singulis fere festis, ante prandium, vel apri 
spumantes pugnant pro capitibus, et verres, fulmineis ^^ accincti 
dentibusjl, addendi succidiae, vel pingues tauri comupetae ^^, seu 
vrsi immanes, cum obiectis depugnant canibus. 

Cum est congdata palus ilia magna quae moenia vrbis 
Aquilonalia alluit, exeunt lusum super glaciem densae iuuenum 

^ hiispnecedentibus, C*. ' assectuntur, Z. ' consequunturi|/'//r 

* celsa in puppi, Z. "* et immotus persistat, om. L. ' est, om. L* 

* fluuiam, Z. ^ deiicietur, C " scutum, om. C. '' absortum, Z. 
>' in, om. C, ^* spectant, Z. ^° in saliendo, in, om, Z. ^ cursu, 
saltu, de/ore lucta, Z. ; in lucta, S. H, " cithara, Z. ^' prominenti- 
bus, C. ^ comipete, Z. 



* Horace, Sat, i. i. 114. 

t Persius, Sat, 3. 34 : ' Demersus summa rursus non bullit in vnda/ 
X ct a^ove p. 222, 

{ Horace, Odes i. 4. 5 : ' iam Cytherea choros ducit Venus imminente 
Luna ' ; ami i. 37. 1,2:* nunc pede libero Pulsanda tellus.' 
Jl Phaedrus, i. 21. 5 : ' Aper nilmineis ad enm venit dentibns/ 

Q 2 



228 Descriptio NobilissUnae 

turmse. Hii, ex cursu motu captato ^ citatiore, distantia pedum 
posita^ magnum, spatium, latere altero praetenso^ perlabuntur. 
Alii quasi magnos lapides molares de glacie sedes sibi faciunt ; 
sessorem vnum trahunt plurimi prscurrentes, manibus se 
tenentes. In tanta citatione motus ^ aliquando pedibus laps! ' 
cadunt omnes proni. Sunt alii super glaciem ludere doctiores, | 
/>af^/7«singuli pedibus suis aptantes, et sub talaribus suis allig^ntes 
ossa, tibias scilicet animalium ; et palos, ferro acuto supposito ^ 
tenentes ^ in manibus, quos ^ aliquando glaciei illidunt ^, tanta 
rapacitate feruntur quanta auis volans, vel pilum balistae. 
Interdum autem *^ magna ^^ procul distantia, ex condicto, dud 
aliqui ita ab oppositis veniunt, concurritur ^^, palos erigunt, se 
inuicem percutiunt; vel alter vel ambo cadunt, non sine 
Ixsione corporali, cum post casum etiam vi motus feruntur ab 
inuicem procul ; et qua parte glacies caput tangit ^^ totum 
radit, totum decorticat. Plerumque tibia cadentis, vel brach- 
ium, si super illud ceciderit, confringitur : sed aetas auida 
glorix iuuentus, cupida victoriae, vt in veris proeliis fortius se 
habeat ^^ ita in simulatis exercetur ^^. 

Plurimi ciuium delectantur, ludentes in auibus coeli, nisis, 
accipitribus, et huiusmodi ^^ ; et in canibus militantibus in siluis. 
Habentque^^ ciues suum ius venandi in Middelsexia, Hert- 
fordscira, et tota Chiltra, et in Cantia vsque ad aquam Crayae ^^ 
Lundonienses, tunc ' Trinouantes * * dicti, Caium lulium 
Caesarem,qui nullas nisi sanguine fuso vias habere f gaudebat^^, 
reppulerunt. Vnde Lucanus, — 

* Territa quaesitis ostendit terga Britannis/ J 

Ciuitas Londonia peperit ^^ aliquot ^\ qui regna plurima et 
Romanum sibi subdiderunt imperium ; et plurimos alios, quos 

^ aptato, L. ' composita, L, ^ praetenso, om. L, 

* citatione lubrici motus, Z. ^ lapsis, Z. ' superposito, S, 

^ tenenti Z. • quos cum, Z. • allidunt, 5. D. " a, Z. 

" permagna, S, ** curritur, C. " excipit, Z. " habcant, S, H, 
*" exercentur, ^. *• nisis . . .huiusmodi, am, L, " Habent, Z. 

" Graise, S. H. ; Craie, D. " gaudebat habere vias, C ^ reppcrit, 
S. D. " aliquos, S. 

* GtofL Monmouth, Hist. BritL iv. 3-9. 
t Lucan, Pharsalia^ ii. 439. 
{ Id. ih. ii. 572. 



Ciiiitatis Londoniae 229 

mundi 'dominos' virtus 'euexit ad Deos**; vt fuerat in 
Apollinis Oraculo Bruto promissum ; — 

' Brute, sub occasu ^ solis, trans GalHca regna, 

Insula in Oceano est, vndique clausa man*. 
Hanc pete ; namque tibi sedes erit ilia perennis ; 

Hie ' fiet natis altera Troia tuis. 
Hie de stirpe tua reges nascentur ; et ipsis 

Totius terrae subditus orbis erit.' f 

Et^temporibusChristianis nobilem ilium edidit Imperatorem Pag^si? 
Constantinum^ qui vrbem Romam et imperialia insignia omnia 
Deo donauit, et Beato Petro, et Siluestro, Papac Romano * ; 
cui et stratoris exhibuit officium, et se non amplius Imperato- 
rem, sed Sanctas Romanas Ecclesiae defensorem, gauisus est 
vocari ; et ne pax Domini Papae, occasione praesentiae eius, 
saecularis strepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipse ab vrbe, Domino 
Papae collata, omnino ® discessit, et sibi ciuitatem Bizantium 
aedificauit. % 

Lundonia et modernis temporibus R^es illustres magnifi- 
cosque peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, et Henricum Regem 
Tcrtium§; et Beatum Thomam, Archiepiscopum ^ Christi 
Martyrem gloriosum, 

' Quali non candidiorem 

Ipsa ^ tulit, nee quo fuerit deuinctior alter ' || 

omnibus bonis ^ totius orbis Latini. 

* occasum, Geoff, Mon, ■ Sic, Geoff, Man. ; Haec, S* H, 'In, S*H. 

* Helene regine mium, after Constantinum, Z. ° Romano, om, S. 

* omnino, om, S, ^ archiepiscopum, om. L. ' ipsa, om. S. H. 

* nee qui fuerat deiunctior alter m omnibus hominibus, L, 

* Horace, Od, i. l. 6 : * Terrarum dominos euehit ad deos.' 
t Geoff. Monmouth, //t'sL Britt, i. ii, iii. 9. 

i PseucUhConstantine Donation^ ap. Migne, Patrologia, viii. 567. 

I i.e. The young kingj son of Henry II. 

II Horace, StU. i. 5. 41, 42: 'quales neque candidiores Terra tulit 
neque quis me sit deuinctior alter.' 



THEVARIATIONSOFTHE FIRST EDITION 
OF THE SURVEY IN 1598 FROM THE 
TEXT OF 1603 

Passages or phrases whioh did not appear in the edition of 1598 

are denoted by an asterisk 

VOLUME I 

Page xovii, 1. 2. Robert Lee, Lord Mayor] the Lord Mayor 
xoviii, 11. 18-28. which some other . . . any other] but I trust hereafter that 
shalbe supplied, and I professe (if more touching this worke come vnto 
me) to afforde it, in all dutie. In the meane time I recommend this to 
your view, my laboures to your consideration, and my selfe to your seniice 
(as I haue professed during life) in thb or any other. 

1, IL I -1 5. As the . . . greater matestie.] As Rome the chiefe Citie of 
the world to gloriiie it selfe, drew her originall from the Gods, Goddesses, 
and demy Gods, by the Troian progeny. So this famous Citie of London 
for greater glorie, and in emulation of Rome, deriueth it selfe from the 
very same originall. For (as Jeffery of Monmoth, the Welche Historian 
reporteth) Brute descended from the demy god Eneas, the sonne of 
Venus, daughter of Jupiter, aboute the yeare of the world 2855, the yeare 
before Christes natiuitie 1108, builded a Citie neare vnto a riuer now 
called Thames, and named it Troynouant, or Trenouant. 

I. 16. *as . . . noteth 

II. 17, 18. also . . ,/aire] also added fayre 
8, 1. 27. hcuiing] which hath 

1. 29. whereof] which 
4, 1. 8. Fastnes] Paces 

1. 18. confederates] leager fellowes 
6» 1. 2. this Citie] this our Citie 

I. 14. inwalled this Citie] inwalled it 

7, 1. 27. ignorant of building] ignorant of the Architecture or building. 

II. 30-32. artificers . . . wodden buildings^ Masons and Workemen 
in stone into this Iland amongst the Saxons, (he I say) brought hyther 
Artificers of stone houses, Paynters and Glasiers, artes before that time 
vnto the Saxons vnknowne, who before that time vsed but wodden 
buildinges. 

1. 32 to page 8, 1. 2. ^And to this . . . diuine seruice, 
8f 11. 8, 9. of the . . . Londennir^] of the olde Saxons Londonceaster, 
Londonbeig, 

1. 22. whereof William] whereof I haue read some^ namely William 
9, 11. 1-12. *By the Northside . . . landside. 
11. 19, 2a then brake • • • d«r«^*l ^nd then they brake into the houses 
of the Jewesisml 



Variations of the First Edition 231 

9, 1. 23. of this CHie] of the Citic of London 
11. 26-30. * hauing graunted , , » ke also 
W' 34> 35. *aiong bekinde ike houses 

I. 39 to page 10, 1. 2. */J-?* . . . repaired, 

10» 11. 9, 10. and Bricke . . . burnt ;] and willed brick to be made and 
brent there, 

IL 18, 19. the Posteme . . . refayred] the Posleme. A greate part 
of the same wal called Moregate was repayred 

II. 20, 21. in two . . , fixed] standing in two places there 
11, 1. 5. */or defence thereof, 

11. 19-22. *All which sayde . . . name of Wei, 
12, 11. 9, 10. That . . . proued thus,] That the Riuer of the Wels, in 
the West parte of the Citie, was of old time so called : it may be prooued 
thus, 

11. 18, 19. this water , , . continued,] this water hath beene since 
that time called Tumemill Brooke : yet then called the riuer of the Wels, 
which name of Ryuer continued : 
14, 1. 6. in a Booke] in an olde writing ^ booke 

1. 16. to scowre] to couer 
16, 11. 21, 22. is f aire . . .full.] is thereof yet fayre curbed square with 
harde stone, and is alwaies kepte cleane for common vse : it is alwaies 
ful, and neuer wanteth water. 

IL 24-26. west ende . . . incloseth it:] west ende of this Clarkes well 
Church, without the stone wall that incloseth the Church, 

IL 26-38. *the sayd Church . . . Gentiles in England, &*c, 

I. 39 to page 16, 1. 9. Other smaller . . . discerned,] the other smaller 
wells that stood neare vnto Clarkes wel, to wit Skinners wel, Fagges well, 
Todwell, Loderswell, and Redwell, are all decayed and so filled vp, that 
their places are now hardly discerned : 

16, 1. 21. is called Smithfield fond.] is but fowle : and is called Smith- 
fielde Ponde. 

17, 11. 15-18. Water . , , an other place.] Water procured to the Stan- 
darde in West Cheape aboute the yeare 143 1. 

II. 23-6. *The Conduit , . . other Conduits, 
18, 1. 13. Bulmer] Bulman 

11. 26, 27. ^neare , , , Lothbery 

U. 28-30. Eastfield , . . Crippiegate.] Eastfielde conueyed water from 
Teybome and from Highbery. 
19, 1. 5. Wodroofe] Wodren 

I. 10. gooli,] 700 li. 

L 12. * The towne Ditch without the Wall of the citie. 
20, 11. 7-13. * namely , . . XCV, li, iij,s, iiij. d. 

II. 19-23. *And againe , , , vHi, C XII If, pouftd^ xv, s, viij, d. 
1. 23. Before the which] At which 

1. 36. *for I cannot helpe it, 

* Wrilen, Tanner MS. 464. 



232 ydriations of the First EdittOH 

as, II. 1-4. liberality . . . was buUJed.} liberality of diuers pcnoni St5 
yeares before the bridge of stone was finished. 

U. 31, 33. /cure years , . . /20J.] foure yeares before this wra-ke was 
finished, and was buried in the Chappell builded on the same bridge in the 
yeare isoj. 

U, 39-32. /ffure Clearki . . . erected^ foure Clarkes and other. TberB 
vras also a Chantrie for lohn Halfielde &c. So that in the yeare 33 of 
Henry the 6 there was 4 Chaplens in the saide Chappell ; after that ex- 
ample sundry houses were thereupon shortly after creeled. 

I. 31 to page 34, 1. 9 *and many . . .on this Bridge. 

24,11. 10, 11. The first . . . foure yearts\ The first action on this 
bridge wu lamentable, for within 3 yeres 

II. 12-14. the Borough . . . tfiere} a maruelous terrible chance hap- 
pened, for the cicie of London vpon the souih sideof the riuer of Thames, 
as also the Church of our Ladie of the Canons in SouthM'arke 

1. 37 to page 3 S. L 3- '^S^'^ " g*"'^ • • ■ AnnaUs, 
20, 11. 37-34. *lnlheyeare 14^0 . . .in nmnier. 
I. 35. comnutn siege] conunon stage 

I. 38. to page 36, 1. 7. *in the year 15$$ . . . Annales. 

26, II. 16, 17. 'vs. ■wardens, as a/oresaiil, and others 
Lss- "^ sometime about the Fleete. 

27, U. 13-15. *<ss before . , . vfion Walbrooke 

II. 17, 18. should elense . , . extended.] should vaulte or bridge and 
dense the same so farre as his landes extended. 

11. 30-4. Also . . . discerned.} In the thirdc of Henry the fifl, this 
watercourse hauing had many bridges (as ye haue hearde) I haue reade 
of one by the name of Horshew bridge, by the Church of S. lohn Baptist 
now called S. lohns vpon Walbrooke, which hath beene since vaulted 
ouer with bricke, and the Streetes or Lanes where through it passed so 
paued, that the same watercourse or brooke is now hardly discerned. 

I. 37. •»'« this Citie 
28, 11. 3-5. Tower of London . , . bmlded,\ Tower (rf London, which 
then serued as a Fosteme for Passengers out of the East : from thence 
through Towerstreete, Eastcheape, and Candelweekestrete, to London- 
stone, the midle point of that high way : then through Budgerow, Wathe- 
lingstreete, and leauing Paules Church, on the right hand, to Ludgatc in 
the West, the next be Aldgate, Bishopsgate, Criplegate, Aldersgate, 
Ludgate, and the Bridgcgate, ouer the Thames. Since the which time 
hath been builded Newgate 

1. 10. *or reasonaiU coniecture 

IL 13-19. ^or tit first . , . gate and potteme] The first was the 
Fosteme gate next vnto the Tower of LoodoB wUch at the length fell 
downe in the yeare 1440, llie 18 of Henry the 6, and was neucr reedified 
i^ainc of stone, tiut an homely cotage with a tiHrrow passage made of 
timber, lath, and loame, hath beene id place iheicof set vp, and so 
remaiooth. The mine of the said PostCTD' 




from the Text of 1603 233 

^ 1. 23. *to the white towevy 

11. 25, 26. outer wot,] utter wal of the Tower. 

II. 28-33. Thames . . . reedified.] Thames, to haue flowed aboute it. 
By meanes of this ditch the foundation of that gate being loosed and 
greatly weakened, fell at the length, as ye haue hearde and so remaineth. 

I. 33 to page 29, 1. 7. *Such was . • • Communaltie, S^c. 
29» IL ia-i6. *Thts ts one . . . antiquitie of the gate 

II. 18, 19. *asye . . . Portsoken 

I. 27 to page 31, 1. 2. *Morey I reade . . . thus much for Aetdgate, 
31, 1 4. The third and next] The next 

]. 12. Blethenhall greene] Blethenhal green now called Bednal«greene 
L 36. Inserts after Chanons regular*, the 19 of Henry the tbirde. 

829 11. 1-3. Thus much . . . repay ring the same] Thus much for Anti- 
quitie, now for repayring of this gate. 

1. 4. confinned] graunted or confirmed 

ddf 1. 1. *seemeth to me that 

II. 8, 9. *hut since . . . Monke ofBery 

11. 25, 26. More^ I read that] Besides this 
84, 1. 16. This is ... hath] This gate hath 
36, 1. 3. * and is the fift principall gate 

11. 4, 5. about . . . Stephen] about the raigne of Henry II or Richard I. 

11. 12-14. *a kind of. . . that titne^ S^c. 
37, 1. 7. Thomas Knowles . . . London^ Lastly Thomas Knowles Mayor, 

11. 14-38. * Tuesday next . • . them in irons. 
38,1.2. * and sixt principal gate 

11* 35 1 36- defaced . . . Idolt] defaced by vnaduised fblkes 
38» 1. 37 to page 40, 1. 2. *j8foot ...in bredth 
40, 1. 19. * three broad Arrow heades 

1. 31. * Thus much for gates in tlie wall. 

I. 32 to page 41, L 6. Water gates . . . Ripa Regin»] Of the Water- 
gates of name, on the banke of the riuer of Thames. The first from the 
West towards the East is called Ripa Reginae 

41, 1. II. so called] so called, as maybe supposed 

42, L I. The next] The next after Downgate (of old time) 

II. 23, 24. *and is the... Fitzstephen 
1. 25. newe made] weakely made 

43, 1. 17. Inserts after now\ the largest water gate on the Riuer of 
Thames, and therefore 

I. 35. Inserts after Customers key : which is now of late most beauti- 
fully enlarged and built 

44, 1. 8. said Riuer:] said Riuer, and therefore concerning Gates let 
this suffice. 

U. 8-x6. *nowfor . . . Francigenarum 
46, 11. 13-20. * Ye haue . . . Tower 

II. 21, 22. which . . . white tower,] This was the great square 
Tower, which was then builded, 



Urn . it Mi 



" ^^ ^> 




•-' » -smatj^. ^r- Hmt Mttimem ? ^-^ -—"?%—.. n 



c$i .4ui^ r&nr? iie innt 




^\,sm^km. 'Omunea. itMt wmsm. x^k Sics: j&nc :fiK Ti 



tit I, - -^ *^J$»*l Una . . . ^um, Iffmt*^ 

^ ^^ictM^t^i ',V ftnatu LomDm: "L^mnot "Sc 

• '^ ^ ^"9^ j^ 1. i. ' 0br -ar^^mffiC . . . anmmrmir 

1. ^ -;!. ^«^ ;%»? muck ... st OU iomtc^ Tbcs Timrr 
'^'M 4tf«i vuUGtHi, -licPisgie, uut -nanTr nance ic -fm Tj 
•*<*•' i^4»»irfi»m» :» Hie «nc 

Mi, . ^ tv yit^. ><r ^ I' ^'cau' - - - mumij acMaierr} Tkcs bus I set 



X. ^ ^ ' KsMi^ Edmmrd , . ./iv^sdUbE. 
W^ilj^-JJ. * im iiu yemre 1411 , . , mctuy fir tkfm. 

\. ^. A tke y^i'tre 14^\ In the yeare 1464 
M^ I 3 tv p»^t 57f 3 27. *iJZ2/il M^ Ricard.. . i;:£K£r at /ilr rndddesi 

t^, li. J ^-^. '//r tktyeare 1426 . . . Qu£€tus. axJ cOers. 

IL 31 '4« enUred tJu larm . . . jKricrc/irr^4/.] entered the same, and de- 
Im^^ )usj'1 Htmy, but the next years bee was againe sent thetber, and 

L 36. ''U/i//t St<dmes€y 

^' 37, 5JK, a/^r^ /<z/^ /<? ^^ murtkcrcd ikcix\ ik^rc murdered in the 

L y> t/> page 59, L 5. '/ii ike y core i^j . . . ^'£>r^ /ke Jh'm^. 
W, IL 12-26. •/// ilu yeare 1^46 . . . Easieruceke, 



from the Text 0/1603 235 

62, 11. 16-22. *Theyeare 1216 . . . awne Lord^ S^c, 

I. 30 to page 65, 1. 28. * and swore . . . oui of an olde Recarde, 
669 II. 38, 39. *in theyeare 1428 . . . that same 

66, II. 5-28. *In theyeare 1460 . . . scepter in his hand. 

I. 29. Edward the fourth . . . leaning] and true it is, that his sonne 
King Edwarde the fourth being dead, and leaning 

11* 30-5. Richard^ D. of Glocester ,,An my Annates^ there Richarde, 
Duke of Glocester, then Protector, practised for the Crowne, and as it 
were by election of the Commons, made in the Guild hall of London, tooke 
upon him there the title of the Realme, as offered and imposed vpon him ; 
as yee may reade set downe and penned, by Sir Thomas Moore. 

1^« 36, 37. Henry . . . raigfu\ King Henry the 7 aboute the yearc 1 501 
the 3 of his raigne 

67, 1. 2. In the seauenteenth] In the 7 

II. 10-29. *The 20 of the saide . . . Katheren Queene of England; S^c, 
1. 31 to page 68, 1. 3. *Next adioyning , , . the 7 of E. the fourth, 

68, L 8. since named] surnamed 

1. 22. a Charier . . . wherein] a Charter, the 10 of June, the 4 of 
Edwarde the i, remayning of Recorde in the Tower, wherein 

1. 28. One other Tower] A third Tower 
71, 11. I, 2. * king Stephen was there lodged 

I. 2a More] The rest 

II. 23-7. *Semes Tower , , , at Westminster, 

76, 11. I, 2. St. Anthonies schoole . . . were] St. Anthonies Schoole, 
howsoeuer the same be now fallen, both in number and estimation, were 
11. 4-9. *the schollers . . .following him : and 

I. 9. mindfull] the children mindful 

II. 15-24. *with the decay . . . of Canierburie^ 6r*c. 
76, 1. 22. whose names were] whose names be 

77, 1. 20. the old Tetnpie] the old Temple in Oldbome 
IL 22-6. *in the Kbertie of Westminster . » . St. Andrewes Church. 
I. 27. There was also . . . of Chancerie] One other Inne of Chauncery 
sometime there was 

I. 30. *in Strand streete, and 

II. 31, 32. *in the libertie . . . Inne of Chancerie 

I. 32. with other houses] The which and other dwelling houses 

II. 34, 35. that large . . . vnfinished,] that beautiful (but yet vnperfect 
house) 

8I9 1. 22. *and the Stockes Market 
M- 35-7« Pater noster makers . . . Paules Church yarde] Pater-noster 
Beademakers and Text Writers are gone out of Pater Noster Rowe into 
Statkmers of Paules Churchyard : 
82, 1. 14. *to confirme his opinion 
8d» L 4. *or rather is mightily encreased 
1. 14. or baked tyle] bricke or tyle 
I. 16. often consuming] often consuming and deuouring 



236 Variations of the First Edition 

88, 1. 22. a Booke\ a booke (as I heare) 

IL 23-5. *which Booke • • • this matter. 

11. 30-3. * The Coach tnan . . • him home* 
84» 1. 5. ^because she was sicke and weake 

11. 1 7i 18. *for the world • . • on/oote* 
86» 1. 9. ^ Great families of old time kept. 

1. II to page Zjy 1. 27. *by noble men^ and great estates . . • kept. 
Nearer to our time 
88, 11. 7-19. * Richard Redmafi . • . which were many. 

I. 37. *a$ul great reliefe cU his gate. 
88, 11. 2, 3. *yet their . . • sit vfon thenu 

II. 4-15. Edward Duke of Sommerset . . . left shoulder, \ These, as 
all other of these times gaue great reliefe to the poore, and I haue oft 
scene at that Lorde Cromwels gate, more then two hundred persons 
senied twice euery day with breade, meate, and drinke. 

Edward Duke of Sommerset was not inferior in keeping a number of 
tall Gentlemen and Yeomen. These (I say) and all other men of honour 
and worshippe then lodging in this Citie, or within the liberties therof, 
did without grudging, beare their part of charges with the citizens, 
according to their estimated estates, without the which those musters of 
old time could not haue beene so great. 

And thus I end touching vsuall Orders and Customes of this Citie. 

I. 17 to page 91, 1. 27. * These as all other . . . through the Citie 
to Westminster} 

M, 1. 33. Inserts after publike places : as the Theater, the Curtine &c 

94, 11. 1-33. The marching forth . . . well dowked.] The youthes of 
this citie time out of mind haue left off to practise the disarmed launce, 
and shielde on horsebacke in the fieldes, but I haue scene some few 
vpon the Riuer of Thames rowed in boates, with staues flat at the 
foreend, runing one against another, and for the most part eyther one, 
or both oucrthrowne and well ducked. 

M. 11. 15-17. *namelyin Bearegardens . . . stand vpon. 

96, 1. 7. One other shew\ Of one other shew ye may reade 

97, 11. 6-8. *The like was . . . great thanks. 

II. 25-39, * Against the feast of Christmas . . . great tempests. 
99, 1. 3. Afonke of Bery^ monke of Bray 

U. 27, 28. and therefore . . . in the night.] And therefore to speake 
of watches and shewes in the nightes. 

1. 29 to page loi, l2. *Of watches in this Citie . . . enormities in 

the nighty 

101. IL 2-4. I reade. ..to bee kept,] First I reade that in the yeare 

of Christ, 1253, watches in Cities and Borough towns were commanded 

by King Henry the thirde, 

* The whole section Of Charitable Alms in eldtipta rhftn is thus an insertion 
in the cditioo of 1603, being expanded from the original conclnfio n of the previ- 
oQi section asgiven above. Some part of it appeared cliewhere in 1598. Cf. p. 265 
below. 





front the Text of 1603 237 

101, II. 31-8. *euery mans doore . . . Then had ye, 
105, 11. 20-7. *and Thomas the Archbishop , . ,of Canterburies S^c. 
IL 37-30. Unto this • . • other matters.] thus hx FitzSteplien : 
wheieunto may be added innumerable persons of honor, borne in 
London, and actions done by worthie citizens, whereof I will onely 
note a few best knowne to the conmiinalty. 
11. 31-3. *The Citisens . . . qf^ their Citie. 
1, 34. f/gr] 1335 

I. 36. *Domus Dei, or 

106, 11. 11-14. *He also . . . London bridge. 

II. 19-30. *Sir John Poultney . • . poore people, S^c, 
L 37. effect intent . 

1. 38 to page 107, 1. 10. ^John Lofken . . . stone andglasse. 
108» IL 4-8. *lohn Churchman . . . to sit, S^c. 

I. 9. Adam Bamme . . . i39i\ In the yere 1391 Adam Bamme, 
Maior, 

II. 16-27. ^ Thomas Knoles . . . glassewindowes 

1.28. Thomas Falconar . . . 1414] In the yere 141 5, Thomas 
Faulconer Maior, 

I. 30 to page 109, L 3. *More he nuuie . . . with his goods 

109» IL ^-Z. founded . . . Newgate^ ^f^.] In the yeare 1420 Richarde 
Whitington Maior founded Whitingtons CoUedge for the poore, with 
diuinitie lectures to be reade there for euer : Hee also builded Newgate &c 
IL 9-24. *lohn Carpenter . . • Walbrooke, ^c, 

II. 38-30. * a great builder , , , to be 

IL 33-6. William Eastfield . . . Cripples gate, 6^c.\ In the yeare 
1438 William Eastfielde Maior, conueyed water to the Conduite in Fleete- 
streete to Alderman-berry and to Criplesgate. . 

IL 37, 38. Stephen Browne . . . thence\ In the yeare 1439 Stephen 
Browne Maior sent into Prussia, and caused come to be brought thence 
to London in great quantitie 
110, U. 3-18. * Philip Malpas . . . Hodsdon in Hertfordshire. 

I. 31. to charitable vses^ to be bestowed in charitable actions for 
releefe of the poore. 

IL 23-34. * Godfrey BoUein . . . of his owne charges. 

L35. Inserts: In the yeare 147 1 lohn Stockton Maior, and 11 
Aldermen of London, with the Recorder were all made knightes in the 
fielde, by Edwarde the fourth, for their good seruice done vnto him. 

II. 35, 36. Edmond Shaw . . . goods, S^c^ In the yeare 1483 Edmond 
Shaa Maior, builded Criplesgate. 

U* 37> 3^- * Thomas Hill ...to be builded. 

L 39 to page III, L 3. Hugh Clopton . . • Summarie.] In the yeare 
1491, Hugh Clopton Maior, builded the great stone arched bridge at 
Stratford vpon Auon. 
1U» L 9 tp pi^ 113, L 15. *SirIohn Perciuall ...in coalesfor euer. 
118^ 1. 19. *ar in my Summarie. 



238 Variations of the First Edition 

113, 11. 30-37. * Edward Hail . . . and also burUd. 

I. 38 to page 114, U 3. .S/r Tliomas Grtikam . . . for the poort^ In 
the yere 1566 Sir Thomas Gresham, Mercer, builded that stately £>• 
change Royal in London, and left his dneIling>hoiise in Bishopigaie 
■treete, to be a colledge of readings &c. as in my aummaty. 

114. 11. 4-19. • William Patten . . . gift for euer. 

II. 24-S. *Sir T. Offley . . . trust in them. 

I. 39. lokn Haydon, Shiriffe, /fjj.] In the yeare 1582 lohn H»rdon, 
Aldennan, 

L32. 90o/t.]9o6/. 

I. 35, itt charitable actions^ in deedes of charity. 

I. 37 to page il6, 1. 36. more then of other . . . Coopers set in piaee. 

116, 11. 37-33. Margaret Donne . . . 30 yeares irfter^ About the 
yeare 1570 Margaret Dan, widowe to William Dan, late one of the 
SherifTes of London, gaue by her testament more then 3000 pound to 
charitable actions. 

117, IK 3-4. / haue . . . erected.] 1 haue expressed, and as farith by 
monumentes erected in Chriates Hospitall: which gift she afterward 
in her widon-hode conlirmed and greatly augmented. 

118, 1. 15. I haue discoursed^ I haue at large discoursed 

It. 33-34. '""^ Oalut brooke . . .fatuled, but 

1. 34. taieth name] takelh his name 
119, L II. This Citie v/as] The city thus 

120, 1. 18. Bridge ward without.] The Bridge warde without, in the 
Brugh of Southwarke. 

1. 33, wldeh soundetK\ which soundeth as much as 
134, L 19. 'asidhis two wiues 
136, 11. 3-6. "a plague ...in their house. 

U. 36, 37. whereby , . . shallow.^ Whereby the ditch is filled vp and 
made shallow enough. 
127, 1. 7. 'Henrie lorden . . ■ Chaunlerie there 

1. 31. within these fortie yeares] within these fortie foure yeares last, 

1. 31. towards] in 

L 37 to page 138, 1. 6. 'Amongst the which . . . was finished. 
128, L 39 to page 139, 1. 1. 'which houses . . . and such lite. 
128,11.11,13. 'the JUth... into the ditch 

1. 17. a Beedle] » Beadle, to attend vpon them all 

L 18. foure poustd ten shillings.] tx pound 
180, L 1&, Inszrts after Chicke lane : and to Berwardes lane, 

U. 35, 36. 'some haue written , . , this eke^peOwas 

L 38. 'his cosen 
181, 1. 3, 'and auolien . . . Strethnm 

I. S. ncio builded] new builded this ChappcU 

IL 9, ID. 'Hamondde Lega . . . cke^rple 

IL 10, 11. London... . coliedge.] London In the yeare 1488, when he 
deceased 1501 was buried there. Th' "Vappell and Colledge 



from the Text of 1603 239 

181, IL 23, 34. o/the Greene . . . Houshold\ in houshold 

VL 27, 28. Sir Richarde . • . Chartley\ Lord Ferrers. 

L 32. ^ar M. of the Heance men 

11. 34-6. *Iohn Crofys . . . Chantery there 1388. 

U* 37> 38. *iw«B' corruptly called Sy thing lane 
182, 1. 12. King of Armes] Herralde 

I. 17. Inserts after Marchant, Sfc. : WoodrofTe lane towardes the 
Tower is in this Parish. 

II. 23, 24. *Cokedon hall . • . / recuie of 
' 1. 26. Mincheon] Mincheon or Minion 

11. 26-8. *so called . . . Bishopsgate streete 

L 38. fourth of Henry the fift . . . ] thirde of Henry the fift, by the 
name of halfe pence of Genoa forbidden to pass as vnlawfull payment 
amongst the English subiectes. 

L 38 to page 133, L 4. *it was ...the other halfe 
ld8» L 6. Inserts after stronger : There was at that time also forbidden 
certaine other coynes called Seskaris, and Dodkins, with all Scottish 
monies. 

1. 15. * Alderman of London 
1. 33. for Harpe Lane,] or Harpe Lane 

1. 36 to page 134, 1. 2. who was . . . children,] who was brother to 
Chichley the archbishop : he had 24 children. 

187, 1. 24. Inserts after antiguitie : but I leaue euery man to his owne 
iudgement, and passe to other matters. 

188, L 5. to the ffteene cU sixe andtwentie pounds,] to the fifteene at 
46/. and accounted in the Exchequer at 45/. lar. 
189, 1. 22. ^to Crowched Friers, and then Woodroffe lane 
142, L 18. ""about the Citie 
1. 33. *seuen in number. 
1. 37. Howies] Rowalles ^ 
144, 11. 4-9. / haue oft . . . towardes the North, 
L 20. as he tearmed it] as he poor man tearmed it.' 
1. 38. reproach] the reproch 
145, L I. * amongst them 
\. 9. builded the whole] builded the one halfe, to wit, the whole, 
IL 21, 22. Buried in this Church . . . Shiriffes 1439. Sir Robert] The 
monuments of the dead buried in this Church are these : Philip Malpas, 
one of the SherifTes in the yeare I439> was buried in the old church : 
this ttian gaue by his testament to the poore prisoners 125 pound : to 
other poore, euery yeare for fine yeares together foure hundred shirtes 
and smockes, an hundred and fiftie gownes, and fortie paire of sheetes, 
to poore maydes marriages an hundred markes, to high wayes an hundred 
marifieSj-and to fiue hundred poore people in London euery one sixe shil- 

■ Harley MS, 538, Lord of Rowels. 

' HarUjf MS, 538, ' as they tearmed it * ; see p. 292 below. 



240 Variations of the First Edition 

linf^ eyght pence, besides twentie mukes the yeare to a gntduM, to 
preach abroad in the countries : twentie shinings tbe yeare, for twentie 
yeates to the preachers at the Spittle, the three Eastre bolydayes.* Sir 
Robert 

145, IL 31-3. 'StepluK Woo^cffe . . . wtekely far eutr, 
IL 33-s, *h btqueattud. . . thertby. 

IL 37-8. 'WilHam Htaihury^ Baker. 

146, U. 8, 9. lately . . . State} Utely biulded, by M. Beale. 

U. 31, 33. Thomoi , . . soh\ Sir Thomas Heiu^ the fother and the 
Sonne. 

147, IL 4, J. *tht south . . . WooHroffe lane 
II- 36. 37- 'Sir Rice Grijtth . . /fji. 

14S, IL 30-6. *m<>re he appoyntea . . . continued/or euer. 

margin. * These p^fiUet . . . -wronged. 
148, 1. 33. Blanch apUton\ the Blanch Chapleton 
ISO, 1. I. long since discontinued'] now long time since discontinued 
1). 9-13. 'fvith three . . . Ironmongers hall. 

1. 16. Jiftetne . . . found] fifteene in London at 46/. and amoonted in 
the Exchequer to 45/. lai. 
161, 1. 38. out but one] out one 

\. yi. *ihe conirarie. 
162, 1. 8. 'and againe new builditk it. 

L 38. Inserts after Mutas : a Serviceable Gentleman 
164, 11.5-13. •Within the sayde ... H. the tixt. 
\. 13. He was buried in the] bee deceased in the yeare 1459, and was 
buried in his 

L I J. prisons] prisoners 

L 33. Inserts before one Maister -with '. three Schoolemaisters, with 
an Usher, to wit, 

L 39. Inserts a/ter leame -. flying tales baue I hearde, but not of 
credit, to auouch, and therefore I ouer posse them ; 
167, 11. 31-4. */reade also , . . site app<^inted. 
160, II. 18, 19. Britain . . . Tile] Britaine (or Romayne) tyle as they 
call it 

I. 33. 'made their prall 

II. 33-6. 'which pttmpe , . .yeare 1600. 
11. 361 37. 'Against the east . . . pump*. 

161,11.3,3. •orthepoore...Ed.Aey. 
L II, Inserts altera AmMEk^ tmut: iHHiiimt the Church yarde 
for a garfcTJ plot. 
182.1.18. 'andvjilhhoMen 
163, 11. 17, 18. 'kit no%D lately . , . other meane people. 

1- 34' />/fee«e at...ob.^.) fifiene at 40 shillings, or thereabout. 
1S4, II. 15, 16. 'an AiurU, ..Ijfndon. 




from the Text of 1603 241 

164» IL 35-7. * Stephen Geninges . . . Tesia$nent 132^^ 
165, II. S3-9. *and is called . . >/or euer. 

1. 30. John PowletJ] the Lord lohn Powlet. 

t. 36. Sir Roger ManarsJ] M. Cornewallos. 

1. 38. *wea//A, (for he was indebted to tnany) 
166, 11. 5, 6. *by Citizens . . .pleasure. 

I. 21. Hospitally commonly] hospital of our blessed Ladie commonly 

II. 23-38. * Walter Archdeacon . . . of his raigne, 

167, 11. 4, 5. Sir . . . i4S2i\ There lyeth buried Sir Henry Plesington, 
Knight, 1452. 

11. 14-16. * which chappell . . . buried^ 
1. 20. stood . . . Prelates^ now 
168, L 2. * continued vntill this day. 

1. 10. Inserts after ^^^r^ /^J9 : the 18 of Henry the sixt 
169, 1« 7. *what so euer it was at the first 

171, L 26. Henrie the third.] Henry the thirde, as I haue founde in 
Recordes. 

172, 11. 3-28. these monuments^ &c. [The list in the 1603 edition has 
been rearranged, and some dates and names added.] 
1. 7. Seamer] Somer 

I. 21. Liade] Lynd 

179, 1. 19. Germain Cioll\ Jerome Serall 

1.22. /j/d] 1567 

L 24. Denmarke] Germany 
174, 11. 8, 9. *in the Chapter . . . learning. 

II. 20-35. * Alice Smith . . . charitable mind. 

175, 1. w.ffteene at thirteene Pound.] fifteene at xxii/. in London, and 
in the Exchequer xxi/. xj. 
176, 1. 10. ^Robert Beele Esquire 1601. 

1. 38. was . . .graunted] is lettcn 
177, 11. II, 12. amongst . . • which is in] which is the backe part of 
Gresham house in 

1. 15. * which be now 
^178, 11. 2-4. *Luae . . . Epitaph, 
I. 6* Brekenake] Pembrooke 

I. 9. Atcourt] Courtney 

II. 12, 13. * beheaded , . . 146^. 

I. 19. Rodlegate] Dadlegate 

II. 22, 23. * The Lorde Barons . . . i^yt. 
179, IL 12, 13. *sir lames Tirell . . . 1302. 

11. I4i 15. * Edward . . . Huntington 
1. 29. and an house] he had also an house 
L 39. Inserts after causeth them : in some matters 
180, 1. 8. Gartier] gartier or principall 
1. 24. the free schoole] there a large Free Schoole 
IL 26-9. whereof . . . Pumpe] in this Schoole hath beene many good 

•TOW. II R 



242 Variations of the First Edition 

schollers trained vp. Now in three needle street, on the south part 
therofi the first monument at y* east end by the wd with 2 buckets or 
pump 

180» IL 30, 31. of Martin . , .founders thereof^ of William Oteswich, 
and lohn Otoswich his sonne new founders thereof. 

182t U. 7-10. * This was . • . Cordwaymr streeie, 
U, II, 19. Thotnas • , • Armes] Thomas Clarentius principall king of 
Herraldes 

188, 1. 31. * whereon . . .free schooU 
11. 33-5. breadth^ whereon ...his raigne] breadth in the parish of 
S. Bennet Finke : this was giuen to the Mayster of the HospiUdl, to the 
enlarging of their Church and house to the same belonging, for a maister, 
fourteene priests &c., in the seuenth of Henry the Sixt. Moreouer king 
Henry the Sixt, in the twentieth of his raigne 

I. 39. Bumwor/h] Tumworth 

1849 IL 12-14. Nee also ...in Windsore.] This Hospitall was annexed, 
vnited, and appropriated vnto the Colegiate Church of S. George in 
Windsor, aboute the yeare 1485, (as was reported) by Sir Anthonie Baker, 
(maister of the saide Hospitall) to Sir lohn Wolsbome knight, and other 
commissioners in the seauen and thirtith of Henry the eight 

II. l5-3a *The Procters . . . vse of the Hospitall. 

I. 31. In the yeare J499] since the saide annexing, to wit in the yeaie 
1499, the foureteenth of Henry the seuenth 

II. 36-9. * and finished . . . and other. 

1. 39. Inserts : This goodly foundation hauing a free schoole and 
Almeshouses for poore men, (builded of hard stone) adioyning to the 
west end of the Church, was of olde time confirmed by Henry the Sixt 
in the yeare 1447. The outward worke of this new church was finished 
in the yeare 1501. The saide lohn Tate deceased about the yeare 15 14, 
and was there buried in a monument by him prepared, as appeareth by 
an indenture tripartite, made betweene the saide lohn Tate, the Deane of 
Windsor, and William Milbome, Chamberlaine. 
186, 1. 12. *perfonned 

L 22. builded this Chunh] builded this Church and was there 
buried 

IL 23-5. *W4is buried . . . Edward the fourth. 

1. 28. *was also buried there 

L 31, *a Semwn 

U- 34i 35* *Iohn Dent . • . Anne his w^e* 
186, U. 5>ia *This Gidney ...he and she. 

11 139 14« *hee dwelt ...8. pence 

L 15. *a Batchler 

L 18. lohn Broke] lohn Becke 
187, 1. 9. Inserts after bouttds : of this ward 

L 13. // appeareth\ yet it appeareth 

L 16, 17. cutd • 'V akome] and shortly after it was enacted, 



from the Text of 1603 245 

that the said Butchers & others should sel their beefe and mutton by 
weight, to wit beefe not aboue 

187» L 31. same aci . . . Crosiers] same to raise in price ; by meane 
that euery Graxier 

1. 34. Inserts after raysingkis price : but the true causes of enhansing 
the prices both of those and other victualls are not to bee disputed here. 
IL 34-7« ^The number . . . J20 Oxen weekly. 
188, 1. 2. "^on the north side 
L 5. staltes] stalles on the north side of that streete 

I. 13. German] German or Dutch man borne 

II. 20-2. with foure . . . wayes] with foure spoutes runneth foure 
waies 

U. 25, 26. *^t now . . . / know not} 

1. 34 to page 189, 1. 13. *To this prison . . . ^j. of our raigne^ 
189, 11. 14-18. More . . . brake] Also without the West side of this 
Tunne, was a fayre well of springing water, curbed round with hard stone. 
In the yeare 1298 certaine principal! Citizens of London brake 

1. 21. great finest great fines, as in another place I haue shewed. 
1. 21 to page 190, L 38. *// cost the citizens • . . hard stone : but 
181, 11. 5, 6. *and this was for night walkers, 
1. 9. scoulds . . . offenders.] and scolds &c. 
IL 9-34. *As in the , ,. tobe reformed, 

II* 35~7« The foresaid . . .increased] In the yeare 1475, R. Drope 
Mayor, dwelling in that warde, inlarged 

182» L 17. foure great horses] and were vsed to haue foure great 
horses 

I. 19. backe againe] backe again ; now three horses seme the turn. 
188, L 13. ^through threeneedle streete 

II. 30-2. ^besides the . . . were kept 

194, 1. I. that for winning] but of late for winning 
1. 9. fame reporteth] some reporteth 

I. 17. sea Metropolitane] sea, and made it the Metropolitane 

II. 36-8. *in the yeare 142^ . . . there: afid 

196, 1. 4. Monumentes . . • defaced^ The monuments of the dead in 
this Church be these 

11. 4-17. *Jreade . . . buried there 

11. 20, 21. * Thomas Gardener • . . Smith 

I. 21. and other,] and diuers other that be defaced. 
IL 22-37. *for the antiquity • . .yet remayneth, 

196, 11. I, 2. * since , , , the sixt 

II. 8-1 5. a sixt Bell . . . 100, Markes.] One Russe a Draper gaue a sixt 
Bell, which he named Russe after his owne name, to be nightly rung at 
eight of the clocke : which bell vsually rong by one man more then 100 

^ For reading of Harley MS, 538 sec p. 302 below. 

R 2 



244 Variations of the First Edition 

yeaxes, of late oner bayled by 4 or 5 at once, hath faeeoe tlnioe bvokcn, 
and dierefore not rong as heretofore. 

196, n. 15-37. ^AndJurt a NoU . . .foumded ChaumierUs ikere 
'ISHt L I. foore maides . . . farrisA] maides mamages. 

IL 2, 3. and gcmnes . . • 100, S^c\ gQwnts of brodcdoth to the poore 
100, to prisons, HosfMtals and Lazaie houses liberally; bee also gane his 
house in Cornhill to be sold, and the price thereof to be speai on the 
amendment of high wayes 

IL 3, 4. matching • . . Vicec4mnt\ afterwardes Vice Countesse 

IL 6-21. *and her great . . . Drape and Lady Lisle 

IL 21, 22. naiwUhstanding . . . Tambe\ notwithstanding the tombe of 
them both 

11. 25, 26. was buried there^ '5"^ 151 1 lycth there 

1. 34. His . . . Cama9n\ His monument is gone. Elizabeth Peak 
widow gaue y* patronage or gift of the benefice to the Drapers, and lyelh 
buried in the belfrey 1518. Richard Gameham 

1. 35. Smith\ Smith my Godfiithers 

L 36. his wife, dufyed] his wife my Godmother did lie 

I. 37 to p. 198, L 1. Thomas Slaw . . .father, IS59'] Thomas Stow and 
Thomas Stow my grandCather and father 

188, 1. 10. *G. Same, and other 

II. 15-17. * Thomas Houghton . . . William Towerson, 
IL 22-6. *the Church yarde . . . John Rudstone 

11. 28-31. Sermons . . . atui other ^ lands for sermons to be preached 
there, but that is gone, and his Tombe of marble before the pulpit is 
taken away, amongst others, namely of Doctor Yaxly one of the 
Pbisitions to King Henry the eight, that was buried there with his wife, 
vnder a Tombe of marble. 

U. 31-7. * The Quire , . . Jtingdome ofheauen, 
198, 11. I7» 18. *for that was allowed free. 
1. 23. Leopards passant f gardanl] Lyons passant 
1. 33. Some jay] Others say 
aOO, 1. 5. *or sixe 
201, 11. 5-1 1. * of what originall . , .the second. 

I. 12. The meeting. . . continued] which manner continued 

II. 14-17. meetings at . . • Exchange.] meeting in Comehill at the 
Burse, since by her Maiestie named the Royall Exchange. 

1. 19. *on both the sides 

I. 23. At the... standetk] At Limestreet comer is 

II. 25-9. *in the raigne . . . buried. Also 

11. 33-5. ♦ The Ladle fVich . . . Sermons, S^c. 
11. 37i 38. *^inrie Trauers . . * abaiU IJ04. 
aoa,L 3. Clothworkir^ Midtri^dtc.} OaOmNter mayor 1583, buried 
there. 

IL4-6. ♦iy 



from the Text of 1603 245 

202, IL lOy II. broder . . . incrochments^ larger in breadth. 

11. 7&-^2, *Nexi is a common . . . night watches. 
209» IL 4, 5. *MaHlde • . • Chaunterie there^ ^c. 
1. II. * Knight banarety and yet 

I. 33. Inserts after Stockes market : and these be the bounds of 
this warde 

1. 36 to page 204, 1. I. *a5 may bee supposed . . . of stone. 
204, L 5. it would . . . downed it would not haue remained there so 
long 

I. 10. Inserts after his wife: Alice, William and lohn, wife and 
sonnes to Thomas Clarell, Agnes daughter to Thomas Niter Gent., 
William Atwell, Felix daughter to Sir Thomas Gisers, and wife to 
Trauers, Thomas Mason Esquire, Edmond Wartar Esquire, loane wife 
to John Chamberlaine Esquire, daughter to Roger Lewkner Esquire, 
William Frier, lohn Hamburger Esquire, Hugh Moresby, Gilbert 
Prince, Alderman, Oliuer Chorley, gentleman. Sir lohn Writh (or 
W^rithesley) alias Garter, principall king at Armes, sometime laid vnder 
a faire tombe in the quire, now broken downe and gone. loane wife 
to Thomas Writhesley, sonne to Sir John Writhesley, Gartar, daughter 
and heire to William Hall Esquire, John Writhesley the yonger, sonne 
to Sir lohn Writhesley and Alienor, Eleanor seconde wife to lohn 
Writhesley, daughter and heire to Thomas Amalde, and Agnes his 
second wife, lohn Writhesley sonne of Thomas, Agnes Arnold, first 
maried to William Writhesley, daughter of Richard Warmeforde, 
Barbara Hungerford, daughter to Sir lohn Writhesley, wife to Anthonie 
Hungerford, son to Sir Thomas Hungerford of Dennampney in the 
countie of Glocester. 

II. 16-19. * And here I am to note • • • ieaue them, 

11. 20-3. By this Church . . . tUiey,] [In the 1598 edition placed before 
the list of monuments.] 

1. 29. lulian^ wife to lohn Lambart Alderman^ lulian, wife to lohn 
Lambard Alderman, mother of William Lamberd, yet lining 

1. 33. ^Goldsmith 
205» L 3. Inserts after Peach : Hugh Acton, Taylor 

I. 4. * he founded a Chanterie there 

II. 5-1 1. *he gaue . . . Woolnoths church. 

11. 26, 27. // is taxed . . . 2oi. ps. 8d.] It is taxed to the (ifteene in 
London at xxi pound. In the Exchequer at xx/. xs. 

206, 1. 25. Beiinsgate in the] this Billinsgate, I haue not read in any 
recorde, more then that in the 
1. 27. standage] strandage 
207, 5. defaced and gone] defaced and cleane gone 
208,1. 9. * bad and 

1. 24. for the stranger will not] for they will not 
209t 1. 14. ^Richard Goslin^ shiriffe^ 1422. 



246 Variations of the First Edition 

210» 1. 32. Mumforde] Mounforde ' 

1. 35. * Roger Delakere founded a Chaunirie there, 
212» 1. 4. *John Blund Mayor^ JJ07 

1. II. "^Mauritius Griffeth . . . 7559 

I. 12. i?/fl«r^] Branch* 

II. 14-20. Maoraltte . . . raysed on him] mayoralty, deceased, 1 57 1, in 
the parish of S. Christopher, but was buried there, as in the parish where 
he was borne ' 

213, 1. 5. * Haberdasher 
11. 5, 6. * Philip Cushen . . . j6oo, 

I. 33 to page 215, 1. 19. * of whose antiguitie I reade • . . Those Stock* 
fishmongers, and Salifishmongers 

216, 1. 22. sir John Cornwall . . . Antpthull\ the Lord Fanhope 

II. 23-6. Crooked lane . . . why, or when'] Crooked lane, whereas 
before they had seueral halles, in Thames Street twaine, in new iishstreet 
twain, & in old fish street twaine, in all six seueral halls. This company 
was so great as I haue read in the recordes of the Tower : now wome out 
of knowledge to the company, who bee not able so much as to shewe the 
reason, why 

II. 27-37. * Neither to say . . . other places, 
216, 11. 18, 19. faxed . . . 47L] taxed to the fifteene in London at fifty 
pound, and in the exchequer at 49 pound ten shillings. 

1. 35. Tauerns, dut] Tauemes^ for they dressed not meates to be sold, 
but 
217, 1. 6. * after the watch was broken vp 

!• 36, 37. ^so called . . . Queries, and other 
2I89 11. 25, 26. * William Chartney . . . Chaunterie there, 
11. 33-5. * Simon de Winchcomb . . . Hondon an other 
219, 11. 8-10. *// is now . . . Rhenish wine, 
II. 15, 16. * William de Burgo , , , JJ17, 

II. 26, 27. lake Straw, but lacke] lack Straw in Smithfield, and 
there to haue been therefore knighted by the king, but that is not trew, 
for lack 

221, II. 33, 34. Crosse, andsworde , . . Walworth^ crosse and sword as 
now &c. 
228, 1. 5. Inserts before John Bold : Winslow, Gent. 
224, II. 5, 6. * Thomas Aylesbourgh . . . Chaunteries, and 
1. 9. *and other, 
1. 30. is none] is there none 
226, 11. 8, 9. */n theyeare i^oy , . , pence. And 

\, 16. *inall82li.3s, 
227, 11. 7, 8. *Anne Cawode . . . Chauntrie there, Sfc, 
228, 11. 30, 31. Horshew Bridge, in Horshe^v bridge streefe,] Hor- 
shew Bridge, a Bridge ouer the Brooke in Horsebridge lane. 

« Tha hiitter form : see Col. Wills, ii. 650-1. 

E below. • See pp. 3 11- a below. 



frofH the Text of 1603 247 

228, 1. 38. *Ihaue lemed 
229, 1. 18. HuytUy] Huntley 

L 19. *sin€e^ Lancelot Bathurst^ S^c, 

11. 26, 27. // is taxed • • . sht7itn/^s,] It is taxed to the fifteene in 
London to forty pound, and in the Exchequer to thirty nine pound. 
280, 1. 1. *when I come to them. 

I 24 to page 231, 1. 7. ^Tkis companie of Skinners . , ,for what is 
done, 
281, 1. 7. Then lower downe was^ Then was there 

L 35. Marinerl\ Warrier 
282, L 14. William Cosin was] William Cosin, dwelling there, was 

1. 15. Inserts after ijoS: the 34 of Edwarde the i. 

I. 20. Steleyard] Stele house or Stele yarde 
284, 1. 31, 32. *or the Flemish Geld 

286, 1. 10. graue stones] graue stones on these persons 

II. 20y 21. * Nicholas Louen . . . Chaunieries there 
1. 24. vsed it, and] vsed it, and so doth 

286, 11. 37, 38. *// was then counted . . . stately house 

287, 1. 2. Inserts after raigne : and not otherwise 

288, 1. 12. // is taxed . . . pound ^ It is taxed to the fifteene in 
London at 36 pound, and in the Exchequer at 34/. lor. 

280, 1. 6. a Brewhouse] a Brewhouse on the Thames side. 

240, 11. i9-i4. The Vintners . . . great Burdeous Afarchants] These 
Vintners, as well Englishmen as strangers borne, were of old time great 
Burdeaux merchants 

1. 31. Inserts after Gallon : William More Vintner Mayor, in the 
raigne of Richard the Second. 

1. 31 to page 241, 1. 18. * I readeof sweet wines . . . therewith^ Ireade 
that 

241, 1. 19. T Duke of Clarence, cmdL Duke of Bedford] Thomas Duke 
of Clarence and lohn Duke of Bedford 
1. 32. in like meeter] of verse 

242, 11. I, 2. *the raigne . . . confirmed 
1. 2* Inserts after Henry the 6 : Hauing thus much not without 
trauaile & some charges noted for the antiquitie of these Vintners, about 
two yeares since or more I repayred to the common hall of that com- 
pany, and there shewed, and read it in a court of Assistance, requiring 
them as being one of the principall companies in this cittie (of whome 
I meant therefore to write the more at large) if they knew any more 
which might sound to their worship or commendation, at their leysure 
to send it me, and I wold ioyne it to my former collection : at which 
time I was answered by some that tooke vpon them the speech, that 
they were none of the principall, but of the inferiour companies, and 
90 willing me to leaue them I departed, and neuer since heard from 
them, wbidi hath somewhat discouraged me any farther to trauail 
amongst the companies to learn ought at their hands. 



248 Variations of the First Edition 

In margin : The Vintoners one of the 12 principall companies. The 
readiest to speak not alwaies the wisest men. 
242, 1. 10. is the toy all slreete and] in the royall streete is 
11. 1 1-18. *I thinke ofolde . » . Walbrooke water. Then is 
1. 28. These were bounde] These were (as the manner was then) 
bound 
248» II. 22, 23. *bome in Almayne ...the sixt dayes. 
244, 1. 38 to page 245, 1. 10. Richard de Wilehale . . . Saint Mary 
Query y 6,s. 
245, 1. 10. This house"] which 
1. 3a to shew actiuities] to shew their actiuities 
1. 36. H. Caustan] Henry Causton 

I. 38. T. Roman Maior 1310] Thomas Romaine 
246, II. 18, 19. * William Shipton . . . Chauntries there 
247, 11. 27-31. ^On the other side . . . Apostles in London^ S^c. 
248» II. S, 9. *sometifne called Saint Martin de Beremand church. 
249, 11. 1,2.* William Stoksbie . . . Chantries there. 

II. 9-14. *I recui . . . 20.S. and3.d. byyeare. 

I. 15. Whitthome] Withers 

II. 15, 16. * and before . . , Chantrie there. 

1. 33. Inserts after Harbert : the Lord Strange 

I. 34. Worcester] Glocester 

M. 37, 38. * Richard Plat . . . there, 1601. 

250, 11. 2, 3. It is taxed . . .4. pence.] It is taxed to the fifteene in 
London, at six and thirty pound, and in the Exchequer at thirty fiue 
pound, fiue shillings 

261, 1. II. against . . . wholy] against that lanes end: and this place 
is wholly 

II. 17-25. *Ihaue not read . . . halfe pennie the pounde. 
252, 11. 33, 34. *Iohn Grantham . • • Chanteries there. 
258, 11. 7, 8. * and yet not . . . Chauntrie there. 

11. 9-1 1, gaue , . . Kirion lane] gaue lands to that church, 

11. 27-31. Sir William Laxion . . , later buried] Sir William Laxton, 
Grocer, Mayor, deceased 1556, was buried in the vault, prepared by 
Henry Keble principall founder of that church for himself, but now his 
bones are vnkindly cast out, his monuments pulled downe, and the bodies 
of the said Sir William Laxton, and of Sir Thomas Lodge Grocer Mayor, 
arc laid in place, with monuments ouer them for the time, till an other 
giue money for their place, and then away with them. 

"• 31, 32. * William Blunt . . . buried there, 1594* ^c. 

L 34 to page 254, L 7. This Church in the reigne ...I cannot leame.] 
called de Arcubus, of the stone Arches or Bowes on the top of the Steeple, 
or bell Tower thex«of, which arching was as well on the old steeple, as on 
the new, for no other part of the church seemeth to haue beene arched at 
any time, yet hath ibe •^'^ ^ aannr beaiia knowne by any other 

name, ther " tl Cbordi so called of 



from the Text 0/1603 249 

the court there kept, but the said Court taketh name of the place wherein 
it is kept, & is called the court of the arches, but of what antiquitie or 
continuation I cannot declare. 

254, 1. 19. ^anda marith ground. 
margin. Inserts after hanged \ God amend or shortly send such an 
end to such false brethren. 

266» 11. 9-1 1. ^Jordan Goodcheape . . . cUtainted 
L 39 to page 256, 1. 7. ^This Bell , . . at your will. 

266, 1. 37. Inserts after 1499 : deceased 1505. 

2679 1. 8. *Hawley . . . chauniries there. 
IL 13-18. King Edward . . . pleasures,] This building was made by 
K. Edward the third vpon this occasion. In the raigne of the sayde 
King diuers iustings were made in London betwixt Sopars Lane and the 
Crosse in Chepe : for the standard stoode not then in place where now it 
is, namely one great lusting was there in the yeare 1330, the fourth of 
Edward the third, whereof is noted thus. About the feast of S. Michael 
there was a great and solenme lusting of all the stout Earles, Barons and 
nobles of the realme, at London in West Cheape, betwixt the great crosse 
and the great conduit, nigh Sopars Lane, which lusting lasted three daies ; 
where Queene Philip with many Ladies fell from a stage of timber, not- 
withstanding they were not hurt at all : wherefore the Queene toke great 
care to saue the Carpenters from punishment, and through her prayer 
(which she made on her knees) she pacified the King and counsaile, and 
thereby purchased great loue of the people. After which time the King 
caused this slide or shede to bee made, and strongly to bee builded of 
stone, for himself, the Queene, and other estates to stand in, and there to 
behold the iustings and other shewes at their pleasure \ 

11. 22, 23. * to Stephen Spilmcm . . . Seldanty shed or building 

I. 25. or Tamarsilde\ and in the 8 of the same H. called Tamarside 
L 27. Inserts after London : and a certaine shop in the said parish, 

betweene the same shed and the kings high way of west Cheape, annexed 
to the said shed, with two shops, sellers and edifices whatsoeuer, as well 
builded or any way being ouer the said shop, as ouer the entry of the said 
shed, which were holden of him in burgage, as all the Cittie of London is, 
and which were worth by yeare in all issues, according to the true value 
of them, vij pound xiijx. and \\\)d. as was founde by inquisition thereof 
before Thomas Knowles Mayor, and Eschetor in the said Citie.* 

268, 11. 26, 27. at ^2 li. . . . jp. pound, 6.J.] at 72.I. 16.J. in the Ex- 
chequer at 72. pound 

II. 29, 30. *and taketh . . . this warde 
1. 30. also\ which also 

260, 11. 1-6. ♦i>f the 18 .. . the yeare. And 
1. 6. he gone the same Tower] of his raigne did grant 

^ For the longer aooount in the edition of 1603 see vol. i. p. 26S. 
* Compare vol. L p. 270 above. 



250 Variations of the First Edition 

260» 11. 8, 9. name of , . . in London^ name of his Tower called 
Seruesse ^ Tower at Bucklesbery 

1. 38 to page 261, 1. 3. Edward Hall , , .in this church, 
261, 1. 22. Inserts after morning: the 13th of Nouember 

I. 39. Inserts after high streete : which is the maine body of this 
warde : first ouer against the parish church of S. Mildred, on the south 
side of the Poultrie, vp to the great Conduite, haue yee diuers feiyre 
houses, sometimes inhabited by Poulters, now by Grocers, Haberdashers, 
and Vpholders, at the west end of this Poultrie, on the south side, haue ye 
the great Conduite, which is the beginning of west Cheape. This Con- 
duite was the first sweete water that was conueyed by pipes of lead vnder 
ground, to this place in the Citie, from Padington ; it was castellated 
with stone and cestemed in lead, which was begunne in the yeare 1285. 
Henry Wales being then Maior. This Conduite was againe new builded 
by Thomas Ilame one of the SherifTes in the yeare 1479. Beyond this 
Conduite, on the south side of Cheap be now £&ire and large houses, for 
the most part possessed of Mercers vp to the north comer of Cordwainer 
streete, corruptlie called Bow lane, which houses in former time were but 
shedes (or shops) with solars ouer them, as of late one of them remained 
at Sopars lane end, wherein a woman solde seedes, rootes, and herbs, but 
those sheddes or shops, by incrochmentes on the high streete, are now 
largely builded on both sides outward, and also vpwarde towarde heauen, 
some three, foure, or fine stories on high. &c.' 

L 39 to page 262, 1. I. called . . . side thereof '\ On the north side of 
the Poultrie 

262, 1. 14. Scalding wike\ of Skalding house or Skalding wike 

II. 18, 19. * Salomon Lanuare . . . one other, 

1. 27. Tho, Tusser] Thomas Tusscr Gentleman 
268, 11. I, 2. Some foure . . ,is a prison] Of the name of this streete 
called the Poultrie, I haue before spoken as also of the lane called Skald- 
ing house or Skalding wike &c. On this north side some foure houses 
west from Saint Mildred Church, is a prison 

1. 6. was . . . Corpus Christi] was sometime a proper Chappell of 
Corpus Christi 

1. 9. in which Chappel] where 
264, 11. 1-5. *//enrie Ady . . . there buried, 

1. 16 to page 269, 1. 3. ^More I reade of Bordhangly . . . saint Mary 
Cole church where we left? 

268, 1. 4. Inserts after or A cars : near to the great Conduit in 
Cheape 

1. 19. Inserts after Parliament: there is also a preaching in the 
Italian tongue to the Italians and others on the Sondaies. 

1. 21. i42S\ the eight of Henry the sixt 

^ In the margin^ Seniice Tower by Walbrook. 

' Compare the parallel passages of the 1603 edition on 1. 264, a68. 

' Much of this passage appears elsewhere in the first edition, see pp. S49>5 1 , 254. 



from the Text of 1603 251 

^ 1. 36. this Hosfdtaf] this Chappell 
270, IL 1-3. remotted . . . Utten out for rent,] remoued into the great 
olde Chappell, and his Chappell is made into shops, and letten out for 
rent, by his successors the Mercers. 

U. 3-5. enabled . . . Richard the p.] enabled to be a Company the 20 
of Richarde the second 

IL 5-17. *They had three . . . Eschetor in the said Citie} 

U. 22-5. *In theyeare i^j6 . . . being Afaiar. 

11. 27, 28. whereof, . . raigne] in the 8 
271, 11. 9-15. * I find that lohn Norman . . . no farther, 

1. 15. Inserts : Without this lane is the Standarde in Cheape, which 
lohn Wels Grocer Maior 1430 caused to be made with a small cesteme 
for fresh water, hauing one Cocke continually running, when the same is 
not turned nor lockt ; this was finished by his executors, Thomas Knoles, 
and lohn Chichley, they purchased licence of Henry the sixt, to conuey 
water, to make the Conduite. Now whether the Standarde in West 
Cheape, so oft spoken of in former times, be the same and stoode iust in 
this place, or else where, or that the same were remoueable, may be some 
question : for it is manifest that in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, and 
at other times when the gp-eat iustinges, and other running on horsebacke 
were practised betwixt the great Crosse, and the gp-eat Conduite at Sopars 
lane end, there was no such Standarde, or other Obstacle betweene them, 
neither was that streete paued with hard stone as now it is. We read 
that in the yeare 1293, three men had their right hands stricken off at the 
Standard in Cheape for rescuing of a Prisoner ; it is verie likelie therefore 
that the olde Crosse in Cheape (which was then newlie builded) was also 
the Standarde. 

In the yeare 1326 the Citizens tooke Walter Stapleton, Bishop of Exces- 
ter, and beheaded him with other at the Standarde in Cheape. In the 
yeare 1399 King Henry the fourth caused the Blanch Charters made by 
Richarde the second, to bee burnt at the Standarde in West Cheape. 
In the yeare 138 1. Wat Tylar beheaded Richarde Lions and others in 
Cheape. In the yeare 1461. lohn Dauie had his hand striken ofT at the 
Standarde in Cheape, also lacke Cade the Rebell beheaded the Lorde 
Say at the Standarde in Cheape &c. Thus much for the Body of Cheape 
warde may suffice *. 

11, 16, 17. Now for . . . Catteten streete] Then foUoweth Catte streete 
(so called in Recordes the 24 of Henry the sixt, now corruptlie Catteten 
street) 
272, 1. 37. Sir lohn Sha] Edmond Shaw 

1. 38 to page 273, 1. 9. *who was the first . . . worke was finished 
278, 11. 14-17. *How this gift . . . then they performe, 
276, 11. 13, 14. because of olde time . . . there about,] because of olde time 

^ See, however, the parallel passage in the 1598 edition on p. 3^9 above. 
' This differs a good deal uom the parallel passage in the 1003 edition : see 
i. 364-5. 



252 l^ariations of the First Edition 

since the raigne of William Conqueror (that first brought lewes from 
Roan into this lealme) many lewes inhabited there about, vntill that in 
the yeare 1390. the 18. of Edward the first they were wholly and for ener 
by the said king banished this realme, hauing of their owne goodes to 
beare their charges, titi they were out of his dominions. The number of 
the lewes at that time banished were 15060 persons, whose houses being 
uld, the king made of them a mightie masse of money.' 

278, 1. 16. jo.yeares] 60. yeares 

276, 1. II. Angellhis mi/e] Angell his wife, 1517. 
II. 13-15. Tfif -wife of a Maisler . . . Ckester\ a Countesse of Come- 
wall and Chester, but her name and time is not there apparent 
U 18, *SamueU ThomhiU, 1597. 

I. 33. 'tUuen shiliingts. 

877, 1. 13. d>sdainely\ disdainfully 

S78, 1. 37 to page 281, 1. 35. 'Then is the aide lurie .. ,/Aus much for 
tin tewei} 

381. 1. 36. In Ihit . . . olde Jury] In the Olde lurie, 

II. 37-31. ' Vpwell, so ... King confirmed 

II. 31, 33. In tits . . . Parishioners] in which to the commendation of 
the parishioners. 

asa. L II. *Iohn Brian 

L 18. 'made in plaeeof lewes houses 
S88, I. 5. Inserts afler yeare 1399 : This may bee some argument, 
which 1 ouerpasse. 

U. S-8. "Hugh Clapton . . . Chaunteries there. 

IL 30, 31. 'twofifteenes , . . charges thereof 

L 33. Inserts after springes : without the North wall of the Cittie 

I. 38 to p^e 384, 1. 4. 'sometime belonging . . . deceased, IS09. 
394, IL 6, 7. 'Aldennan Bennet now possesseth it, 

II. 14-17. 'which companie 0/ Armourers . . . the sixi. 

1. 30. Inserts after defaced : there is one Tombe on the South side 
the Quire but without inscription. 

IL 30-7. 'notwithstanding, I find . . . the 17. of Henrie the sixt. 

IL 37-31. Thomas Bradberie . . . buried there.] I read that Thomas 
Bndbnry, Mercer, Maior, in the yeare 1509. was buried there, his Tombe 
is on the north side the Quire, & also one Edmond Harlocke Curriar 
to bee a great benefactor, Sir lohn Garme, Skirringham, 146E, Richard 
Hamney 1418, Richard Colsel Sec 

IL 33-5. 'This Church . . . a parish church. 
ass, IL ;, 6. A if taxed . . . xvJ. xvi.s. ixji.\ It is taxed to the fifteene, 
in London, at 19/. and in the Exchequer at 19/. 

I. 17. lUnnumen/s 0/1] Monumentes of building on, 

W, IL31-4. * Richard the sHond , .. Edward the third. 

expanded into ttw long account of ihc JewiT under 




from the Text of /6oj 253 

\f 11. 9-13. onefy I read . . . where they dwelt] onely I read of a 
branch of this family of Bassinges to haue spread it self into Cambridge- 
shire, near vnto a water or bourne, and was therefore for a difference 
from other of that name, called Bassing at the bourn, and more shortly 
Bassingbome. But this family is also worne out, and hath left the name 
to the place, where they dwelt. 

11. 32-6. *In the 21 , , .foffeyture thereof. 
290, 11. 1-4. ""Thus haue you . . . Coopers hcUL 

1. 8. *seuen pound, 
281, IL 38-9. to be noted] meete to be noted 
282, 1. 5. to be short] to be short and plaine 
288, 1. 5. I doubt] I haue some doubt 

284, 1. 6. Inserts after Cripplegate : obtaining first the kinges licence 
of Mortmaine, vnder the great seale of England 

286, IL 2-4. Sir Rowland Hey ward. . . there fjpj] The Lord William 
of Thame was buried in this Church, and so was his successor in that 
house Sir Rowland Heyward Mayor &c. 
1. 4. * Richard Lee . . . /jp/. 

I. 5. sold there] uM, there (as is supposed) 

II. 7, 8. Rokesley . . . dwelled] Rokesley chiefe say maister of the 
kings mints, and Mayor of London in the yeare 1275. the third of Edward 
the first (in which office he continued 7. yeares together) dwelled 

1. II. without other charge] without being bounden to reparations 
or other chaige : 
286, 11. 21, 22. * Thomas Chalton^ Mercer^ Mayor 1450. 
287, 1. 3. Inserts after Mirleyy Knight x lohn Collet 

1. 10. for at this present it is] but it is at this present 

1. 12. Inserts after decayed \ and not worth a pinne, 
288, 1. 4. to ^///rVM»Z<z///^<ir/^] to my louing friend William Lambarde 

L 21. Maister Glasier] at this present mayster Glasier. 
288, 1. 31. Inserts zSxitr following', to be buried there, to wit, 

I. 31 to page 300, 1. 4. * Alice, William 6^ John . . • Writhesley &^ 
Alianor'^ 

800, IL 4, 5. Alionor,, . Thomas Amolde] Elianor wife to lohn Writh, 
Esquire, daughter to Thomas Amald, Esquire, 

II. 6, 7. Margaret with her daughter] Margaret Writh her daughter. 
1. 10. 7^09] 1439 

1. 13. John Baronie] Frauncis Baromi 
1. 17. Kingat Armes] Herrald at Armes 
901, U. 11-14. *by the name of, . . the /j. yeare 
802, 11. 15-26. Then in Golding lane ., ,of the Almes people.] Then 
in Golding Lane be also Almes houses, 13. in number, and so many poore 
people placed in them Rent free, and euery one hath two pence by the 
weeke for euer. Of the foundation of Thomas Hayes^ Chamberlaine of 



* Go this see i. 304 and ii* 245 above. 



254 Variations of the First 

London, in the latter time of Henry the eighty he left &ire lands about 
Iseldonne, to maintaine his foundation: Maister Ironmonger hath the 
Order of them. 

808, 1. 13. Inserts 9&,er forty pound i and in the Exchequer at thirtie 
nine pound ten shillings. 

804, II. 12, 13. which stone wall . . . Faringdon ward,] which is also 
of this ward. 

805, 11. 9-1 1. *o/ Thomas Lichfield ...14 of E. the 2. 
1. 24. Inserts before John Hewet : Thomas Leichfield 

806, U. 21-3. * The men of this mistery . . . Richard the second, 

807, 11. 19-21. *IVilliam Gregory . . • remayneth. 

I. 27 to page 308, 1. 37. ^This colledge claymed . . . in the Uafe 299 
809, U. I- 10. the Colledge church . . . saint Mathewes Gospel,] the 

Colledge church was pulled downe and in place thereof many houses 
foorthwith builded, highly prised, and letten to strangers borne, and 
other such as claime the benefit of y^ priuiledges, which were at the first 
granted only to y® church, and to the Deane, Prebends & Canons, seruing 
God according to y* foundation. 

II. 16 17. *ii is now a Printing house, 

I. 32. R, Cawod and T, Smith] Robert Cawod and Thomas Smith 
U. 37-9. * Thomas Bilsington . . . Helmet vpon ComhilL 

810, 1. 5. /. Hartshome] lohn Hartshome 
1. 12. *the Clotkworkers . . . ouersight thereof 

II. 16, 17. and in the Exchequer^ 6.1, 19.5] and likewise in the 
Exchequer. 

812, L 22. to the east , , , Augustines church] to the gate 
U. 23-5. * which arch , , , yere /j6i 

818, L 36. in West Cheape streete] in Westcheape 
.1. 38. *€u before , . . west Cheape streate] vpon this occasion. 
1. 39. Inserts here the account of the founding of Cheap cross as on 
i. 265-6 above, from Queene Elianor to let of cartages, but omitting 
the words in the yere l^jj against the coronation of Queen Anne, The 
first edition then continues : 

' In the yere 1581. the 21. of lune in the night, the lowest Images about 
the said Crosse, were broken and defaced. 

Whereupon proclamation was made, that who so wold bewray the doers 
therof, shuld haue fortie crownes : but nothing came to light. The Image 
of the blessed virgin at that time robbed of her son, and her armes broken 
by which shee staled him on her knees, her whole bodie also was strained 
with ropes so as it was readie to fall : But was in the yere 1595. again 
fiistened and repaired. In the yeare 1596. about Bartholomewtide, a new 
Sonne mishapen (as borne out of time) was laide in her armes. The 
other Iniages remaining broken as before. 

On the east side of the same Crosse, the steppes being taken thence,, 
vnder the Images of Christes resurrection, was set vp a curious wrought 
frame of grey Marble, and in the same an Image in Alabaster of a woman 



from the Text of 1603 255 

(for the most part naked), and Thames water prilling from her breasts : 
but the same is oft times dried vp.^ 
814^1. 15. * Sir Alexander Auenon^ Mcuor^ IS70. 
U. i8-2i. yeelding . • . yeres jsince.] for thirtie shillings foure pence 
the yeares rent, but now increased much. 
8I59 1. 1. John Standelfe\ lohn Standelfe and lohn Standelfe 

11. 4-2a *both of Ealdersgate street ward . . . common seaJe at thai 
time, 

11. 20-8. At the north end . • • said Elizabeth.] at the North end 
whereof, is one great house builded of stone, commonly called the Lord 
Windsor's house, but I haue read it by the name of Neuells Inne in 
siluer street, and at the ende of Monkes well streete. 

1. 29 to page 316, 1. 3. Thiscompanie . . . hall in tliat street y <Sf^.] whom 
obtained their incorporation in the yeare one thousand sixtie and foure, 
the second of Edward the fourth, since the which time they builded theyr 
HalL 

816» L 26. Inserts after for tlu Butchers : and there is the Butchers 
HaU. 

IL 35, 36. *in the middest whereof tJu church stoode, 
1. 38 to page 317, 1. 2. *and there is . . . wals of the citie. 
818, IL l6» 17. * their Conduit head , • . Henrie the thirds S^c. 

I 31. by Pait€nts\ by pattent of 
8IO9 1. 37. Monuments^ [The list in the 1603 edition has been rear- 
ranged, with some additions.] 
822» L 33. This church hath] a proper church, and hath» 
L 38. Anthony Cage] — Cage 
1* 39 to page 323, L 3. * Allen at Condit . . .in the same streete. 

828, L 36. H. Reade] Henry Reade 

826, 11. 19-21. *Also the new . . ,yecure 1256. 
32^p IL 23--6. */n the yeare 1408 ... other easetnents, 
L 37. at the dispence] painted about the Cloyster : at the spedall 
request and dispence 
828, 1. 32. *neare vnto a Carpenters yard. 

829, L 26. in the yeare . . . remaineth.] then their former church was, 
and so it still remaineth to that vse. 

380, L 2. Inserts before Robert : In this chapell were buried 

1. 3. were] and were 

1. 4. *or coped 

1. 5. * before the said Chappell 

L II. citie . • . milles.] citie, to beare three winde-milles. 

1. 22. Inserts after because hee: was borne in London and 

L 28. heard] heard off, 

1. 32. Inserts after dotune] and broken also. 
881, 11. 22| 23. *This Pulpit. . . defaced. 

^ The tmrtgrmpfa In the yeare 1599, &c., (i. 367) is of coarse an addition of the 
1603 edition. 



256 Variations of the First Edition 

332, 11. 20-4. before Aprill . . . collected^ But concerning the steeple 
litle was done, through whose default God knoweth : it was said that the 
money appointed for newe building of the steeple, was collected, and 
brought to the hands of Edmond Grindall then Bishop of London. 

11. 36-7. new buried . . . shewed] now buried in the West He, with an 
Epitaph, as in another place I haue shewed. 
333, 11. 2-4. * Martin . . . Pateshull 1240, 
11. 7, 8. Bishop . . . Quire y 1262] B. 1262 
11. 8-15. * Geffrey de Acra . . . Middlesex^ ^309- 
11. 34, 25. new worke . . . church] newe woorke of Powles, 
335, 11. 8-10. *Sir Raph . . . Quire, 1308. 

I. II. Guildford . . . Apostles, 1313.] Gylford, L. Marshall was 
buried in the Postles chapell, 1313. 

II. 12*28. * William Chateleshunte • . . north doore, 1353^ 

I. 32. * proper chappie, and 

336. 1. 1 . 1 NSERTS after call hivi : Sir Raphe de Hingham, cheefe lustice 
of both lienches successiuely, buried in the side of the North walke. 
iigainst the Quire, 1308. Sir lohn Pulteney, Draper, Mayor, 1348, in 
•4 ftiirc chapell by him builded, on the North side of Powles, wherein he 
linnuled 3. chaplains. Richard de Plesseys in the North walke before 
Saint Cicorges chapell, 1361. Sir Symon Burley, constable of Douer, and 
I'hamlierluine to Richard the second, knight of the Garter, beheaded, 
lyeth buried in the North walke against the Quire. Adam de Bery, 
Mayor, in the ycarc 1364, buried in a Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalen : 
i\r ot the lu)ly Ghost, called Hohnes Colledge. 

Koi:cr Holmes Chauncelor and Prebend of Powles, was buried there 

II. I '8. ^Michael Norboro7v, . . . doore of Pauls, 1390, 
II. 10 30. *sir Richard Burley . . . Beauchampe, 1423, 

I. j: to lUgc 337, 1. 27. * Walter Shcrington . . . shrine; and of later 

JUJ7, 1, Ji). • Thomas IJnicar, Doctor of Phisicke 

I ^t. *-/•»*« Dowman Canon of Panics, 1^23, 
SSHk ^. I » • lifhere a merry] whereof a mery 

I 14. sAiMt Thomas] S. Georges 

U. l^t i8* /<* ^^ buried there,] and so an end for Paul's church. 

I y. namely, A.B,C.] namely A.B.C. Or Absics 
M^U II. 4*/ ArA^^iT'/A] and bctenged 

V^K^knt hath beene] here, be 

U J4, • WiUiam Seumoake Maunr, 14^8. 

\U Ks a?* Sir Regtr OMmiey] Sir Roger Cholemly, some say 
>K^lim SMMrOtkibt Maior Ac. 

1^^^ r AnHf] in ociier places bath beene 

vg orbnritd 



from the Text of 1603 257 

840, 1. 36. Inserts after Brewes : Dame lahu, daughter to Thomas^ 
wife to Syr Gnight 
Ml, 11. 12-14. * The Cauntesse of Hwtiington • . . buried here 144J 

1. 33. Nicholas Eare] Nicholas Carre, Esquh^ 

1. 3a Carden\ Cardin, alias Garden 
842, 1. 3. new builded] first builded 

1. 5. 1361,] 1 361, which was the 35 of Edward the third 

I. 16. /. Oxney] lohn Oxney 

II. 17, 18. * lohn Leiland the famous Antiquary 

I. 30. *Barber Chirurgion 

II. 20, 21. *Iohn Mundham . . .E.the second, 

11. 34, 35. Prebend houses] Prebend almes houses 
848, 11. ijy 18. Inserts after Mountgodard streete : by all likelihood ; 
and after Goddards : or Pots 
1. 21. ^ofolde time 
844, L 2. the fifteene 30. found^ the fifteene in London at 54. pound, 
and in the Exchequer at 53. pound 6. shillings, 8. pence. 

1. 33. Then is Fryday streete] Then is there one other streete, which 
is called Friday streete 

846, 11. 12-27. *a/ Breadstreet corner . . . Next to be noted 
IL 27-28. frame of.,,the IValles] frame and front of faire houses, 
and shops, that be within all the walles 
1. 33. // contayneth] It continneth 
846, 1. 9. Inserts afttr present : as of olde time also 

I. 22. stalles] stables 

II. 26-9. • IVaiter Turke . ..the other iiii.s. 

I. 38. ^Robert Basset, Salter, Mayor 1476. 

94k7, IL 6-14. */n the 23. of Henry the eight . . , through Cheape, 
Comehiil S^c. 

II. 14-6. More . . . steeple of stone.] The steeple of this church 
had sometime a &ire speere of stone, but taken downe vpon this 
occasion 

11. 17, 18. about midday . . . lightning] about noone or midday, fell 
a great tempest at London, in the ende whereof, happened a great 
lightening 

L 35. *to that Parish 
848, 1. 13. same side] same East side 

L 15. name of...the twenteeth] name I haue not read: other then 
that in the 20 

I. 20. Basing] any Basing 

II. 23, 24. Arched Vaultes . . . The same is now] Arched Vaultes of 
stone, and with Arched Gates, now 

849, 11. 2-4. *for the most part . . .placed 

11. 5-7. *as the labours . . . Vniuersity of Oxford 
11. 7-9. he writing . . . here to touch.] wherein the Authour writing 
a Chapter of Gyaunts, and hauing beene deceiued by some Authours, too 

trow. II S 



258 Variations of the First Edition 

much crediting their smoothe speeche, hath set downe more matter then 
troth, as partly (and also against my will) I am enforced to touch. 
348, 1. la ^as he tearmeth it 
11. 16-19. * ^^ errour , . , or shin bone. 
1. 19. Notwithstanding^ it\ Wherevnto * 
860, 1. 7. set vp] set vp in the streete 

I. 8. principall house] principall Hall or house. 
861, 1. 5. Note that] Such 

II. 13, 14. ♦ W/7. de Auinger . . . Ed. the 3. 
11. 19-21. * There was 0/ , . , chauntries there, 

11. 28-37. * Of these Cordwayners . . . to pay xxx, s. 
862, 1. 7. j6, //. iS. s, 2, d,] at thirtie svxt pound tenne shillings. 



VOLUME II 

2, 1. 19. as foUoweth,] are therein none. 
11. 20-5. John Brian . . . Northamptonshire^ ^57^* 

I. 27. proper] comely 

11 28, 29. *so that . , ,the church : 

II. 30, 31. 0/ some . . • Bey] of some Colde Abbey 

1. 31 to page 3, 1. 13. oj standing . . . omamentes,] but I could neuer 
leame the cause why it should bee so called, and therefore I will let it 
passe. There bee monuments in this Church, of Andrew Aubery, Grocer, 
Mayor, and Thomas Fryar, Fishmonger, in the year 135 1. who gaue to 
this church and parish one plot of ground, containing fiftie six foote in 
length, and fortie three foote in breadth at both endes, to be a buriall 
place for the dead of the said Parish, the twentie sixt of Edward the third. 
Also Thomas Madesley, Clarke, and lohn Pylor gaue to the Wardens of 
that Parish one shop and a house in Distar lane, for the continual repair- 
ing of the bodie of that church, the belles and Ornaments, the twentieth 
of Richard the 2. 
8» 1. 14. in this church] there 

I. 16. Nicholas Wolberge] Richard Walberge 

II. 18-23. John Suring , , . Barde^ Fishmonger^ ^5^^*] and others. 
6, 11. 2-4. *Iohn Skip . , , in this church, 

1. 30. in this church] to this church 
1. 31. * he founded a chauntrie 
6, L 9. Inserts after little : vpon the Thames. 
9, L 17. Inserts after btU now : that case is altered. 
11, L 27. Exchequer . • ,p€9ice\ E xc heq u e r at twentie pound. 
18; IL 23-8. Thin weu ed9$ . ♦ , M W <M* w it a wgfa i» place.'\ There was also 
amemiigebyBftr ««"*m Ibdb^ in the 7- of Edward 

Ittad the Giant, 



from the Text of 1603 259 

18p 11. 31, 33. and made . . . Puddle Wharf e^ and made Puddle like, it 
is (as I suppose) called Puddle Wharfe. 
. 16p IL I4f 15. ^Doctor Caldwell . . • king at Armes. 
11. 28, 29. *Iohn Pamt foundeil a ckauntry there. 
L 29. Inserts after Wardrobe : I haue not read by whom the same 
was builded, neither when, or for what cause, but only that 

11. 32, 33. builded . . . deceased] was lodged there : this house then 
bearing the name of the King's Wardrobe, in the 5 of £. the 3. The 
saide John Beauchampe deceased 

1. 34 to page 16, 1. 2. *His Executors , . . second 0/ his raigne, 
16, IL 20-4. *0n the East side . . . repaired it, 

I. 28. is Darby house} Garter House, so called of the Office there 
kept by Garter king of Heraults, and other Heraults. This house was 

18, 11. 4, 5. * Richard Woodroffe . . . Randolph Esquire^ ^5^3' 

II. 18-20. ^as apicue , ..to Carter lane, 

11. 21-30. The other . . . house there,] The other Sermon Lane, or 
Sheremoniers Lane, the reason of their names so giuen, I haue not 
learned, but I finde Sermon Lane or Sheremoniers Lane, so called in the 
foureteenth of Edward the first, and a place there, to be called the blacke 
loft, with foure shops adioyning. 1 iinde also that in the thirteenth of 
Richard the second, William de la Pole had an house there ; it may bee 
supposed that lane to take name of such as cutte and rounded the plates 
to be coyned into Elsterling pence, for the place of coyning was in the 
olde Exchaunge neare vnto this. 

19, 1. 28. as in my Annates I haue expressed.] as in another place I haue 
at large reported. 

20, 11. 15-18. Un place 0/ Peter Colledge . . .for a Well. 

11. 22, 23. *in the Exchequer . . • shillinges, 
21, 11. 16, 17. * lately replenished with houses builded 
22, 1. 35 to page 23, 1. 4. * Henry the third granted , . . E. the third the 
26, of his raigne 

29, 11. 4-7. it wcu gouemed , . . the yeare 142J,] this Hospital was 
since repayred about the yeare 1423, of the goodes and by the executors 
of Richarde Whittington, sometime Maior of London, and was gouemed 
by a Maister, and^ight brethren, being Priestes for the church, and foure 
Sisters to see the poore serued. 
1. 21. *or Nanfant 

1. 22. Lard saint George] Lord Sir Geoige 
1. 34 to page 24, 1. 13. *thus : 

Beholde how ended is 

. • • and partly do possesse them, 
24, L 16. Sturgeon] Surgeon 
26, 1. 31. *pryor 

26, 11. 32-4. *Thisprtorie ..,in the yeare 1410. 
27, 11. 27, 28. * notwithstanding . . . of parliament 
L 33. *for such as will giue greate rents. 

S 2 



26o yariations of the First Edition 

as, I. 9. Inserts after iate ; wise and worthy 

I. li. gmiethtreninaiU of tht priorieckMrcX\ f^ut it 

Xin, 93. were fitit out , . , parrish ckurcKl were once more put out 
and then a]l the saide church 

L 31. was p«rfanmod^ is performed. 

L 3t. iNSSRTSafter/f^&rMwtf: for it ii more easie to put dowse then 
to set vp and builde. 

11,31,33. ""Ilu parish keaie ... sentt their htrtie. 
30, L a; to page 33, 1. 31. *For txampie to noU: . . . for lustet in 
Smithfitld. 
83.1.37. *(md a garden plot. 
34. 1L 14, 15. 'Next to this Church ... Saraseiu head. 

II. 39, 30. otime eharges . , . 1300. l.\ owne ondy chaiges, (amounting 
to the sumoie of 1500. pound) and by him finished. 

"• 38, yi. for 10 I find, . . .thesixt.] about the 37- of Henry the sixt. 
85, II. 1-14. * Thit house was . . . all reprises, xj. 
U. iSi 16. so called . . . of Elye.l commonly called Ely place, for that 
itpertaineth vnto the Bishops of Ely 

11. 16-30. * WUliam de Luila . . . Chappell there. 
L 3a MoTi\ the which 

11. 31-4. by the name . . . appeareth by patent, by the name of his 
Manner and tixe tenements in Oldebome to the Church and couent of 
Ely, as appeareth by patient of Record 
86. 1. 33. Robert Yorke.] Roger Yoriie 

98, 11. 3, 4. Thomas Lord Wriihesley . . . buried /jjo.] an Eaiie of 
Southampton buried there 

1. 18. * William Sydnam . . . chauntry there. 

I. 34. which is of ChauiKery] vfhicb is the second InneofChauncerie 
L 36 to page 40, 1. 15. 'andwas founded . . . the king in capite. 

40, 1. 15. also of Chaneery'] the thirde Inne of Chauncery 

II. 33, 34. 'whereof I haue spoken in an other place. 
41, 1. IJ. Inserts after 1471 : neere vnto Shooe lane. 

11. 3a, 33. 'Nicholas Coningston . . , chaunteries there. 

I. 36 to page 43, 1. 7- 'by gift . . .patent the 3. of Ed. the second. 
4a, t. 7. After . . . Robert Clifford] after whose death 

I. 17. 'but returned againe to the Cliffordes 
48, IL 15-31. Saint Bridges . . . Grapes and leaves. J|'i:.] S. Bridget or 
S. Bride (as they terme it) now a fayre church, the which WiUiam Venor, 
Eaquier, Warden of the Fleete aboute the yeare 1480, increased with 
a large body, and side Isles from the Quire (which <tf olde time was the 
whole Church] downe to the west end, all through this Church builded of 
his clinrges is wrouylil in the stone worke, round aixiut both «-ithin and 
without, the li^rc or tikene<: of a line, with Cluiirrs of Grapes amongst 
the leaues 5:c. 

11.31-S. 'The parHHm,,,CkiamMts there. 

I. 3$. L»rd 7>vu«rer] lin>tQh|Miiesties most honorable Counuile. 



from the Text of 1603 261 

^* ^ 35* ^v^ho hath . . . stately buildings. 
469 1. 21. were\ lye 

1. 32. were buried\ lye 
48, 1. 26. Inserts after Warwick : & others in other places 
48, 1. 2a riding o/] riding vpon 

61, 1. 9. Inserts after IVare : twentie miles from London, was the 
thirde, he died 

62, 1. 2. fifteene . . . one shilling.'] fifteen in London at 35 /., and in the 
Exchequer at 34 /. 10 s. 
66, 11. 20, 21. *The Abbot of Wauerley had a House there. 
67, L 22. lohn Gower • . . Poet] lohn Gower a learned Gentleman and 
a famous Poet (but no knight as some haue mistaken it) 
IL 24, 25. *in the chappie . . • chauntrie^ he lieth 
1. 33. written] set forth 

I. 33 to page 58, L 16. * and this last . . .fell downeinthe yeare 146^. 
68, 11. 29, 3a William Greuill . . . his ivife] Margaret wife to William 

Greuell Esquire, and 
69, 1 I. Inserts after Gower : Poet, 
L I. *lohn Duncelly Afar chant Taylor^ r^i6 

II. 2-9. • Thomas Tong . . . deceased the 24. of May ^ ^59^* «V^« 
60, 1. I. solde] hath solde 

1. 2. or to Marchants] or to certaine Merchants 
61, L 39. Immorth] Imworth 
62, 11. 7, 8. * William Brandon . . . E. the 4, 

\. 27. Inserts after thereof: in the raigne of E. the 3. 
63, 1. 4. And then] Then next haue yee 

I. 4. * Theeues lane by S, Thomas Hospitall 

II. II, 12. But . . . Canons Regular] This Hospitall was againe new 
founded, by Peter de Rupibus, Bishop of Winchester, for Cannons Regular 

1. 21. Inserts After Abbot: and Couent 

I. 30. Inserts after This Hospitall: beeing in the yeare 1220 made 
to dispend three hundred fortie foure pound by the yeare 

64, 1. 13. remaineth as] remaineth now as it was before 

67, 11. 31, 32, *Leq/stane . . . London 11 ij 

70, 1. 36. to Wapping in the west] To Wapping in the Woze, and 
Wapping it selfe 

71, 11. 11-13. which runneth south . . . this lane to] (which runneth 
South by the Hermitage to Wapping) to 

II. 15-22. and to the Mannor of Shadwell . . . mile from Radcliffe.] 
Not farre from thence, of very late where of old time stoode the Mannor 
of Shadwell, belonging to the Deane of Powles, there haue beene raised 
many small Tenements towards Radliffe ; and RadlifTe itselfe hath bin 
so increased in building Eastward (in place where I haue knowne faire 
hedges, long rowes of Elme, and other trees) that the same haue now 
taken hold of Limehurst (or Lime hoste itselfe), commonly called Lime 
house, sometime distant a mile from RadlifTe &c 



362 f^ariations of the First Edition 

71, L 33 to pa^ 73, 1. S- * Hailing said thit much . . ,attdsoie Blak^maL 
7%, 11. 6-S. diminished by Merchants . . . whertof I hatte spoken^ 
i.mxtiv3MA, by incrochments for building of small tenements, and talcing 
m tifsanlen plots, timbaryars or what they list. 

»Mn this Tower Hill towards Aldegate (being a long ccratinuallstreete) 
MWrtiyn other buildings, was that Abbey of Nnnnes, called the Minorities, 
M Mtnories, whereof I hauc spoken. And on the other side of that 
wmw . lyeth the Ditche, without the wall of the Citie, from the Tower 
xiM\^ Akkgate. 

L 19. ptMtr purpnstures] other prepesterous like 
TSt It. 7, 8. this/eaie . . . purchased] this fact, that parish purchased 
U.9-t5. *iut //Inde in Secard . . , Aldegaie of London, S{c. 
U. 33, 33. vp to the Sarres . , . Norton fall gate] Thence vp to the 
VtMTO and to Norton fall gate 

U. 37, 38, * Stephen Grautend . . . btntj^tor Iherevnlo 
II. 38; 39. LoutU knight of the Garter] Louell, brought vp in 
lincalnes Inne 

L 3& Inserts after attd other: And neaie therevnto are builded two 

^hli<)ue houses for the acting and shewe of Comedies, Tragedies, and 

Hittories, for recreation. Whereof the one is called the Courtein, the 

Miter the Theatre : both standing on the Southwest side towards the field. 

L 3S. Sewers ditch] Sors Ditche, or Sewers Ditche 

74, L 7. Goldinglane] Grubstreete 

1. 15. but those houses belong] belonging 

U. 19, 3o. a house builded . . . Berwardes Lane] a fayre house lately 
builded by the Lorde lohn Powlet. Next to that, a large house, with 
gardens of pleasure, builded (by) lasper Fisher. From this vp to the 
West ende of Hog Lane 

I. 31. then the] Then was the 
I. 3S. */or a stuitll portion of money 

"• 381 39- iienre as much . . . purchase] which sotne thinke to be 
Mare u much, a* the houses cost him in the purchase 
78. II, 8-37. ■"> John Elrington . . . Harry Yong ij^s-' 
I. 33. IJMfiw EHiabt/h] the Queene that now is 
1. 36 lo pa^o 76, 1, 13. *One note of Shereditch . . . Bethdem-Crosse 
70, L \%. amisa . . . that Hospi/ali] Now will 1 passe through the 
HosptlkU ol S. Mary Uethelem 

IL dl\ 3y- oiher the ditches . . . A/ore dilch] other ditches thereabout 
77, L \^ ^v/kereoj I mind not much to argue 

71^ U-. W,, ta. vort* case . . . inclosure] worse case then euer before it 
«u> ^ Vnt WWM of inclosuie 
TIM 9. ^ .i^M^titit/Jlre 
•^ H. ^^9> *'>>W U it /fit noitd . . . should be turicd. 

MJ^ t|^J^fMHH|^«V'*i>"»"tic>l sCDtenc* ' Not- 




from the Text of 1603 263 

88, 1. 7. "" Philip Morgan Bishop of Ely, 1434. 
86, 1. 10. *Iohn Boiell 

86, 11. 5-23. ^And of later time . . . reparation of that church. 
1. 25. houses . . . nanteiyi houses for Gentlemen and others, are now 
builded aboute this Priorie, especially 

I. 33. *now dammed vp. 

87, L 3. Porte Poole] Porte Poole lane 

U. 29, 30. Adioyning . . . sometime] The same was after 

II. 31, 32. * Robert de Curars . . ,yeare 11 47, 

88, IL 3, 3. this old . . . Lincolnes] this Southampton 

L 14. Inserts after Seale : deceased in the yeare 1578. 

IL 18-27. * This ground he had . . . Cittie, cart. 11, H. 3. 
90, 1. 2a Inserts after common knvesi this house was greatly 
increased with new buildinges. 

1.36. Ithslkts dSxtt conuersorum : Moreouer (saith the same Recorde) 
in the 20 of Edward the third, the saide king sent commandement vnder 
his great seale, to the Mayor and SherifTes of London, willing them to 
make proclamations in euery Ward of the Citie and suburbes, that all 
leprous persons, within the saide Citie & suburbes should auoid within 
fifteen daies, and that no man suffer any such leprose person to abide 
within his house, vppon paine to forfeite his saide house, and to incur 
the King's farther displeasure. And that they should cause the saide 
Lepers to be remoued into some out places of the fieldes, from the hatmt 
or company of all sound people : wherevpon it followed that the citizens 
required of the Gardian of Saynt Giles Hospitall, to take from them and 
to keepe continually the number of foureteene persons, according to the 
foundation of Matilde the Queen, which was for Leprose persons of the 
Citie of London and the shire of Middlesex. 

In Margin : Hospitall of S. Giles founded for Leprose persons of the 
Citie of London and shire of Middlesex. Patient. All leprose people to 
be voided the citie & suburbs. W. Dunthome. 

1. 37 to page 91, L 7. *This Hospitall was founded . . . Drapers of 
London J for xxxJi. 

91, 11. 8-12. prisoners . . . this life.] prisoners conueyed towards Tybome, 
there to be executed, were saluted with a Bowie of Ale, thereof to drinke 
as their last refreshing in this life. 

1. 21. * of Lancaster. 

1. 22 to p. 92, L 7. Next without the Barre . . . Excester house] Next 
without the barre and libertie of the citie of London and the liberties of 
the Dutchy of Lancaster, on the said south side or left hande neere vnto 
the Riuer of Thames, amongst other buildings memorable for greatnesse, 
the first was Excester house 
92» 11. 9-17. *who was first builder , . . raigne of Henry the (5, ^c. 

1. 21. of the Earle of Essex lodging there ^ of the late Earle of Essex 
there inhabiting 

1. 26. / haue not read as yet.] 1 haue not heard nor can coniecture 



264 Variations 0/ the First 

8d» 11. x-5. *Then was there . . . enlarging of this house. 
IL 9, 10. * {commonly . . . Couentrte) his 
11. 10-12. "^this house . . . Edward the first, 
L 34. ^mee^for satisfying of some Denyers thereof 
85, L 36 to page 96^ 1. i. ^where sir Robert Cecill . . . commoditie 
of passengers, 

86» 11. i-io. Richard the 2 , . . on that south side,] And thus fiu: on 
this South side the high streete is of the libertie of the Dntcby of 
Lancaster. 

luie bridge in the high streete hath a way or low going doune vnder 
it, stretching to the Thames : the like as sometime had the Strand bridge 
before spoken of. 

This whole streete from Temple Bar to the Sauoy was commanded to 
be pauedy and Tole to be taken towards the charges thereof in the 24. 
yeare of Henry the sixt. 

1. 12. Omits *as is afore shewed, is, INSBRTS : standeth a pair of 
Stockes and then 

11. 25-26. *dut outof,,, of the Danes, 
97, 11. 1-7. *Thus much , , . Chancerie, S^c, 

11. 20-3. ♦ There is in , , , is ij, s, 4, d, 
88, 1. 17. the estate,] the estate of England. 
1. 19. Inserts after Bedfords house : which is a goodly house. 
1. 20. Inserts afttr luy Bridge: ouer against the olde Bedforde house, 
namely called Russell house and Dacres house, now the house of Sir 
Thomas Cecile Lorde Burghley, 

11. 22-9. in the liberty . . . doth yet remained and stretcheth to S. Giles 
in the fielde. Then had ye the Chappell of our Lady called the Pew, with 
an house wherein sometime were distraight and Lunatike people. 

Amongst other thinges of this Chappel I haue read that on the 17. of 
Februarie in the yeare of Christ 1452. by negligence of a scholler appointed 
by his Scholemaister, to put forth the lights of this Chappell, the Image of 
our Lady, richly decked with lewels, pretious stones, pearles, and ringes 
(more then any leweller could iudge the price) (for so sayth mine Author) 
was with all this apparrell, omamentes and Chappie itselfe brent.^ 

In Margin : Chappell of our Lady in the Pew, an house belonging to 
Bethlem. Chappell of our Lady the Pew brent, lohn Piggot, 

1. 37 to page 99, 1. 5. But in the yeare , , , to that vse] Of later time 
king Henry the eight hauing fayre stabling for horses there in the yeare 
1534. and the 28. of his raigne, it was burned with many great houses 
and much hay therein : but it was againe reedified in the raignes of king 
Edwarde the sixt, and Queene Marie 
102, 11. 21-7. * Whereof one , • . Earle of Uncolne, 
L 36 to page X03, L 3. ^Edward the third, in the 77. . • . honour of 
S. Thomas. But 

^Ctooncnm t6oatditioB€iiO. xax. 



from the Text of 1603 265 

108» 1. 33. INSSRTS after Maliorthi I thinke Custome 
1049 11. 11-14. *In the^i . . . without any wages, 
106, 1. 13. Inserts after their annoyatue : This church of S. Margaret 
(which that king Edward builded) continued till the dales of king Edward 
the first, at what time the staple of Woolles was at Westminster, and then 
the parishioners and Merchantes of the Staple builded it all of new, the 
great chancell excepted, which was done by the Abbots of Westminster 
as is afore shewed.^ 

1. 16. ^whereof. . . in the foundation 
107, 11. 34, 35. ^kinges Bench , , . Justice of the 
108, IL 23, 24. whogouemed . . . Z. Andrewes\ now Resident. 

1. 35. *Hugolyn . . . the Confessor, 
110, 1. 4. Inserts after Dawbeny : Earle of Bridgewater Omits Lord 
Lieutenant of Callice 
1. 14. ^ elect 

L 15. * Sonne to John Baron oflhidiey 
1. 16. Edward JJungerforde hnight] Edmond 
11. 17, 18. ^daughter to Alone Buxull knight^ 1416, 
U. 19, 20. *sonne to Bourchier . . . Bamet 

1. 21. John Bourchier , . . Barnet, 1471] the Lord Barons, and both 
slain at Bamet 

I. 23. *Gray 

II. 31, 32. Robert JJawley Esguier] Robert Hall knight 

lU, 1. 17. Francis Howard Countesse of Hertford^ ^59^] Elizabeth 
Countesse of Hertford 

11. 20-3. *Sir Henry Cary , , , stately monument, 
112, IL 16-33. * The parish church ofS, Margaret , . . in theyeare 1499,^ 
US, I 36. 'Inserts after in the accounts : The like commaundement, the 
said king Henry gaue to Hugh Gifford and William Browne, that vpon 
Fryday next after the Epiphany, they should cause to be fed in the great 
Hal of Windsor, at a good fire, all the poore and needy children that 
could be found, and the kings children, being waighed and measured, their 
weight and measure to be distributed for their good estates.' 
114, 11. 18-24. *Also the Maior . . . assise and ivarde, 
116, 11. 3, 4. *John Boterell . . . workes, 

1. 24. Inserts after Fabian : the Chronickler 
110, 1. I. high treasurer, 'I high Treasurer of England 
120, 11. 11-13. *King John , . . Westminster^ S^c, 
IL 26-9. *since vsually rung .», in the towne, 
L 29. More^ that . . . written] about the biggest of which (as I haue 
beene informed) was written 

L 34 to page 121, L 8. *But these Bels . . . Thirtie six thousand shall 
find me, 

^ Cfl vol. ii. p. 113, for parallel passage in 1603 edition. 
' Cf. parallel passage above. 
' Ct voL !• pb 90 above. 



266 Variations of the First Edition 

121, 11. 17-33- * By this chappelofS. SUphen . . . Edward iMejyVk^^c} 
128, 1. 9. Inserts before erectedx first practized and 

IL 11-15. * William Carton . • . monasteries, 

1. 32 to page 124, 1. 2. *In theyeare of Christ . • . the first dimmer, 

125, L II. ^saith some. 

IL 17-27. ^rnore then this asfi>lloweth . . . receiued here. 
XL 27-9. Aftd now . . . There remaineth] But to my matter of our 
London Bishops as I finde it written : First, there remaineth 

126, 1. 17. the /oureteenth, fiedde] the fourteenth and the last for 
he fled 

128, L 4. Inserts before tn the Isle : at Crotsey 

1. 9. Inserts after Pau/e : on the eighteenth kallendes of December 

1. 30. Heatbright] Hutbright 
129, 11. 7, 8. but there . . . ofihem^ but there remaineth memories there 

IL 27, 28. Robert • . . / yeares\ Robert Bishop of London, 7 yeares 
a monk of Gemet, in Normandie : 

^ 35> 3^* ^^^ appeareth . . . Paules church, 
181, 1. 14. ^or aboue 

1. 37 to page 132, L 7. ^He admonished , . . infected therewithalL 
182, L la *coped 

IL 17, 18. ^or aboue 

IL 18, 19. *close at , , , Fauconbridge, 

L 33. ^ since I kept house for 
188, 1. 15. Bentworth] Wentworth or Bentworth 

L 31. Chancellour] Lord Chancellour 

I. 34. Treasurer of the Exchequer] Treasurer of England 

L 37. in Powles . . . aultar.] at S. Bartihnewes Pryorie in Smithfield. 

184, IL 8, 9. the kings Chancellor] Lord Chancellour 

185, L 17. *and the tombe was taken downe, 

186, 1. 5. Inserts after Stebunheth : otherwise called Stebinhith 
L 6. Inserts after Stebunheth : or Stebinhith 

II. 6, 7. *with al and singular , • . belonging 
11. 16, 17. for . . . seruice] for his good seruice 

11. i8~20. with all , , . Hackney way] and the landes in 
IL 29-31. *to be holden . . . knights fee, 
187, L 18. saint Thomas] S. Georges 
11. 23-5. consecrated , , ,yeare ijgS] nowe sitteth Bishop of London 
in this yeare 1598 

140, L 14. Aide Mary church. New Mary Church, or Mary le Bow.] 

St Mary Aldmary Churclu 

S. Mary Bow at the North comer of Coidwayner street 
L 25. * Vpwell 

141, L 2a i^ PamUs] by Paulet gate 

148, IL 6, 7. ♦« QUk^dndeM -mtd 

146^L9.^« 



from the Text of 1603 267 

146, 11. 15-33. ^also the citHzens^ , , .of the superiors^ Sfc. 

I. 37. * Cod ami 

148, IL 8-15. Godfrey Portgraue . . . God you keepe.] Godfrey Port- 
graue and to all the Burgesses of the Citie of London, in as large forme 
as they enioyed the same in the time of K. Edward before the conquest. 

II. 20, 21. *durted at Bermondsey, 

148, 1. 18. 0/ Motors as /olioweth.] of Maior I finde as followeth. 
151, 11. 7-9. * IValter Brune . . . saint Mary Spittle. 
163, 1. 29. * patent xi. Henry j. 

11. 32-5. * The liberties . . . common secUe, 
164, 1. 16. Inserts under date 123^'. This yeare Walter Brune citizen 
of London, and Rosia his wife, founded S. Mary Spittle without Bishops- 
gate. 

166, 11. 6-9. * Gerard Bat was • . . precedent yeare. 

11. 23, 24. *Queene Hith . . . of London. 
168, 11. 5-7. ""This Alen . . . Earle of Surrey. 

IL 18, 19. C. Hugh . . . Tower.] M. Hugh Fitz Thomas. 
168, 1. 10. *at London. 

164, U. 1 4-17. *More hee graunted by his letters . . .for his time. 
166, 11. 12-14. *The king graunted . . . kings amies. 
11. 23, 24. The price . . . Gallon.] The price of Gascone Wines at 
London, not to bee solde aboue foure pence the gallon, and Renish wine 
sixe pence the gallon. 
168, 1. 37. ^or Skinner^ as I find in record. 
171, 11. 32, 33. Winter . . . Candlemasse.] Winter eueninges. 
172, 11. 2-1 1. *this William Seuenoke . . . which was graunted 
177, 1. I. *euerie Sergeant to haue his yeoman 
178, 11. 2-5. ^the king made . . . Black Hith field. 

11. 22-5. *hee was swome . . . redressed them. 
180, 1. I. *Marchant taylor, after of Counsell to Henrie the eight. 
182, 11. 13-15. * The fore named Shiriffes . . . them againe. 
186, 11. 12-20. *IJ99. The 41 . . . Robert Lee^ Marchant taylor. 
1. 26. * lames Dalton 

1. 29, to page 195, L 26. but hee being now . . .to trauell further in 
this Worke. 

204, 11. 23-5. in rewarde . . . were knighted] in memory and reward 
of which seruice the Cittie had a Daggar added to their shielde of Armes, 
and the Maiors haue beene most commonly sithens knighted. 
In Margin : After the common opinion of men of late times.* 
218, 1. 4. 400 yeares] three hundred yeares 

^ In the 1598 edition there is no stop at < city* and a ftiU stop after ' at that 
time*. 

' The explanation of Stow*s tampering with his friend's origmal text is to be 
found on i. aai above. The marginal note was no donbt Stow's own. 



NOTES 

For a list of abbreviatioxn used in the citation of authorities 

see p. 389 below. 

Page 1, 11. 1-25. As the Romane writers^ Sr'c, The original draft in 

Harley MS. 538, f. I, preserves a version which differs from either of the 

printed editions : 

' The foundacion of the Citie of London.' 

' Aftar the common opinion, and as writithe Geffrey Monmouthe, Brute 
the first kynge of the Britaynes in this Ysle about the yere of the worlde 
2855, the yere before Christes natiuite 1108, builded a citie nere vnto 
a riuar now called Thames, and named it Trenouantum, or new Troy. 
Kynge Lud repayred this Citie with fayre buildings, Towres, and Walls, 
and named it Cair Lud, or Lud's Towne, more he builded on the west 
parte of this citie a stronge gate naming it Lud gate, and this he did 
about the yere before Christes birthe 66. This Lud had yssue two 
sons, &c.' 

The text of the early part of the Survey as now contained in Harley 
MS, 538 is much disordered. The third chapter, ' Of Riuers, Brooks, &c.,' 
is in a fragmentary state ; this is to be explained no doubt by the existence 
of a revised draft in Tanner MS, 464 — see note below. The text of 
the early chapters in the Harley MS. agrees fairly closely with the edition 
of 1598, but with some occasional variations : e.g. p. 6, 1. 20, 'faynt and 
cowardous hartes ' ; and p. 7, 11. 5-7, ' was naythar man of his handes nor 
good of counsel, but gyven to unlawfuU &c' 

6, 1. 14. the first that inwalled this Citie, For notices of the most 
recent discoveries on the Roman wall see articles in Archaeologia^ Hi. 615 
(at Aldersgate), lix. 125-40 (at Newgate), Ix. 169-250 (at various points 
between Moorgate and the Tower). Discoveries on the last occasion 
indicated that the wall was built about the end of the second century 
(Ix. 183). Stow's citation of Simeon of Durham is an error ; the reference 
to Helena is found only in Henry of Huntingdon, Hist, Anglorum^ 30. 

9, 1. 8. the wall on the southside. There is good reason to believe that 
Thames Street marks the line of the most ancient walls, and that the street 
was outside on the river-bank ; the gates and wharves below have been 
recovered from the river. See Lethaby, London before the Conquest^ 9a 

11-21. OfAundent and present Riuers, &*c. A revised draft of this 
chapter is bound up with Stew's transcripts of Leland's Collections in 
Tanner MS, 464 (i), ff. 155-63. In its characteristics it is exactly 
similar to the principal portion of the original in Harley MS. 538. It 
supplies some variations of interest and importance, viz. : — 



270 Notes 

Title*, 'Of Rivars, brakes, bournes, pooles, wells, and conduits of 
freshe watars servinge the cilie. As also of the ditche 200 foote brode 
compassinge the wall of the same citie.' 

Page II, 11. 9-1 1. 'A ninninge wattar called Walbrooke of running 
from the northe walle thnighe the midste of the city into the riuar of Thamis 
served the harte of the Citie.' 

11. 14-16. * had hisfalle into the river of the Wells or Tummill broke. 
Then was there among many other fayre waters thre principall fountaynes 
or wells in the subarbes.' 1. 18. * Riuilus \Rivulus\ de Fags Well.' 

I. 27. * served of swete and holsom waters.' I. 31. ' Thames the most 
excellent and famous Rivar of England.* 

Page 12, 11. 7-10. *3000 pore men be put a worke. The River of the 
Wells in the West parte of this Citie, that it was of olde tyme so called 
may be proved thus.' 

Page 13, 11. 33-6. ' the wirke fayled, and no good was done, so that the 
broke by menes of incrochementes vpon the banques, gitinges over it, 
and castinge in of fullage is now worse than ever it was.* 

I. 39-/'^^^ 14, 1. 2. 'any ditche by the walls thereof betwene Bishops- 
gate . . . entred the walle and therefore was of the wall called Wal- 
brooke.' 

Page 14, 1. 6. ' an olde writen booke.' IL 24-5. ' so that the course of 
Walbrooke is now hardly knowne. 11. 31-4. 'Sharebome lane, 
devidinge into dyvers rills or rillets . . . called Langboume Warde, 
and of the borne devidinge into shares Share-borne Lane toke that 
name.' I. 37. 'the names afore shewed.' L 38. 'Olde borne or 
Holebome.' 

P^g^ 159 11* 19-22. ' The fbuntayne at S. Clement Danes • . . alwayes full 
and never wantithe.' 

Page 16, 1. 6. * Riuulus de Fags Well.' 11. 20-1. * the land water falling 
into the small portion remayninge, inclosed with brike, is but a fowle 
water and is cawled Smithfild ponde.' 

Page 17, IL 34-5. ^/w/Vj ' again . . . Lambe 1577 '. 

Page 19, 1. 12. The separate title is omitted as in the 1598 edition. 

II. 20-22. ' Which ditche beinge made for defence of the Cide hath 
at all tymes since, bene clensed and mayntayned as nede required.' 

II. 24-8. ' stopped up for garden plottes, and houses builded thereon, even 
to the very wall and on many places upon both ditch and wall. I can 
but wishe that reformation might be hadde.' 

12, 1. 19. the riuer of the Wels. The name is simply Stew's translation 
of the rivulus foncium of William's Latin charter. But since, as 
Mr. W. H. Stevenson points out, this in its turn is ' a mere translation 
of the O. £. wylrt^ of the Old-English original, it cannot have been 
more than a small stream {rt^) issuing from a spring or springs '. It is 
not dear that the words of the charter are intended to distinguish the 
rhmhis fmcium near the north comer {aquiUnare comu) of the wall 
from the running water whW 4 tte citjf. Mr. Lethaby (London 



Notes 271 

bifore the Conquest^ 4$'7) has aigued that they were identicali and that 
the Well-brodc is Walbrook itself (see further note below). If there 
was a brook draining west from the Moor, it must either have joined 
the Fagswell brook (see p. 272 below) or have run through the site of 
St. Bartholomew's Hospital, which before Rahere's time was but a marsh 
(Cotton MS,y Vespasian, B. ix, f. 7^^) ; if so the Well-brook might be the 
stream running through the Hospital to Holbom Bridge, which was 
covered in by licence from Edward I ' on account of the too great stench 
proceeding from it '. (Morley, Bartholomew Fair^ 70.) In any case 
Stow's identification of the Well-brook with Tummill-brook is an un- 
tenable conjecture ; the latter was clearly the upper course of the Fleet, 
or that part of the Holebum which ran parallel with Tummill street. 

Both the English and Latin texts of William's charter were edited by 
Mr. Stevenson in Engl, Hist, Rev, xi. 731-44 : see also xii. 105-10. 

L 22. Booke of Parliament recordes : see Bot, Pari, i. 200. The 
original reads * Holebume ', not * Oldbome *, and does not mention the 
river ^of Wells' as Stow's marginal note implies. The date should 
be 1306. 

18, 1. 13. afayre Register booke. The fifteenth-century cartulary of the 
Hospital of St. John, Cotton MS,y Nero, E. vi, ff. 22-3, deeds relating to 
land in ' Trillemelstrete \ 

14, 1. 2. of the wall called Walbrooke, William's Charter (see p. 270 
above) has simply ^ usque in aquam currentem que ingreditur ciuitatem '. 
The stream is called Walebroc in 11 14-33 {Chron. Ramsey ^ 248 ; Cartul. 
de Rameseia^ \, 139, Rolls Ser.). Mr. Lethaby has suggested that 
Walbrook is really the Well-brook or Rivulus Foncium, It may have 
received a stream from the west, but the main stream came from the 
north-east, and there seems to be no proof of the use of the name out* 
side the wall. The course of Walbrook is shown by a dotted line on the 
map at the end of this volume. For another map, and documents illus- 
trating its history, see J. £. Price, Roman Pavement in Bucklersburyy 
pp. 48-55. For notes on recent excavations see Archaeologia^ Ix. 178-83, 
230-3. For the legend of Gualo see p. 286 below. 

1. x6. to scowre. The reading of 1598, viz. Uo couer', seems the 
better. See Memorials^ 43, and Letter-Book C, 71. 

1. 20. John de Beuer called John le Benere in Letter-Book B, 216^ 
C, 70, 72. See also Cal, Willsy \, 196. His name is printed as John de 
Bever or le Bevere in Mun, Gild, II. i. 95, 97. 

1. 26. Langbome water^ see note on p. 307. 

1. 31. Sharebome lane^ see note on p. 307. 

1. 58. Oldbome^ or Hilbome, Stow usually writes Oldbome ; here 
he gives Hilbome as an alternative. Neither of his suggested derivations 
can be maintained. If Oldbome were correct the original form would be 
Eaklbome. But in early documents it is always Holebume or Holebome (as 
Stow himself wrote in his MS., see p. 270) ; Holebume, the stream, occurs 
in Domesday^ \, 127, and in a charter of Henry II {Mon. Angl, iv. 85), and 



272 Notes 

Holeburn strate in 1 251 {Hist. AfSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 3). The meaning 
is no doubt the burn in the hollow or hole (Isaac Taylor, IVords and 
Places^ 186-7) ; compare the neighbouring Hockley in the Hole. This 
is accepted by the best authorities. But the notorious} though later, 
association of Holbom with the hill has suggested support for Stow^s 
second form. For a prolonged discussion see Notes and Queries, 8th ser. 
ix, X, xii, 9th ser. i, and loth ser. ii and v. See also a paper by F, G« 
Waller on The Holebume in Trans. Land, and Midd, iv. 97"! 23, with 
a map. 

15, L 32. Skinners well^ neare vnto Clarkes well. Stow's authority for 
the history of all these wells is the Cartulary of the Priory of the Nuns at 
Clerkenwell (Cotton MS., Faustina, B. II). The most important document 
is one, dated April 1197, relating to the donations of Lecia de Montigny, 
widow of Henry Foliot, and daughter of Jordan Briset the founder ; this 
is printed in Monasticon, iv. 83, and appears in another form in Feet of 
Fines, 7 and 8 Ric I, No. 136, Pipe Roll Soc. 20. Skinners well is there 
described as lying in the valley between the Nuns' Priory and the Hole- 
bum. It is traditionally said to have been on the west side of the Church 
of St. James, Clerkenwell. The Clerkes Well was fifty years ago still 
marked by a pump at the south-east comer of Ray Street (London Past 
and Present, i. 418, iii. 252). The two wells can have been only a little 
distance apart. So the Clerks' plays are described commonly as held 
at Skinnerswell. There does not seem to be any authority for the state- 
ment that the Skinners held plays. In Aug. 1385 the performance of the 
play that was customarily held at ^Skynneres welle' was forbidden 
{Letter-Book^ H, 272). For other references to the plays see Malvem*s 
continuation of Higden, ap. Polychronicon, ix. 47, 259 ; Nicolas, Land. 
Chron. 91 ; Devon, Issue Rolls of the Exchequer, 244 ; Chambers, 
Mediaeval Stage, ii. 380. 

16, L 6. Fagges well. In 1 197 certain lands are described as lying 
between the Garden of the Hospitallers and Smithdeld Bar 'super 
rivulum de Fackeswell', and other lands as between that brook and 
* Chikennelane *. (Feet of Fines^ u. s.) This fixes the position of Faggjes- 
well brook as approximately at the boundary of the City. 

1. 7. TodwelL This is clearly a misreading by Stow of Cotton MS,, 
Faustina, B. II, f. 27, where certain land is described as Mnter Skinners 
well et Godewelle subtus viam usque in Holeburn ' ; Stow has written 
'Skinnerswell' in the margin. In Feet of Fines, u. s., Godewell is 
described as between the Priory and the Holebume ; apparently somewhat 
to the south, and on the far side of the valley. 

1. 7. Loders weL About 1200 Muriel de Montigny gave the 'fons 
qui vocatur Loddereswell * to the Nuns of Clerkenwell with a right of way 
thereto from the Priory (Cartulary, f. 32 vo.). 

1. 8. RadwelL This comes from the same source, ' terram quam 
Osbertus tenuit in Redwell ' (Cartulary^ flf. 6, 39). The reference is 
apparently to RadweU •» KAv^Cnvdahire^ 



Notes 273 

U II. Dame Annis the cleare, 'A spring called Dame Annis de 
Cleare, called by the name of a rich London widow, called Annis Cleare, 
whOy matching herself with a riotous courtier in the time of Edward I, 
who vainely consumed all her wealth, and leaving her in much povertie, 
there she drowned herself, being then but a shallow ditch or running 
water/ 7^ Pleasant walks of Moore Fields: a dialogue between a 
Country Gentleman and a Citiseny 1607. 

This well was neare Paul Street, Finsbury, in the neighbourhood of 
which there is still a St. Agnes Terrace. The name St. Agnes Clair 
Fields continued till a hundred years ago. 

1. 13. Perilhus pond. The site is in Baldwin Street, City Road. As 
' Peerless Pool ' it continued as a public bath till well into the last century; 
s^ for an account of it in 1831 Gent, Mag. Library y xvi. 213-14. For the 
pond in Stow's time see Dekker and Middleton, The Roaring Girl^ Act II. 
sc i : ' Push ! let your boy lead his water-spaniel along, and well show 
the bravest sport at Parlous Pond.' 

19, 1. 14. was begun to be made. So in vol. i. p. 13, Stow writes of 
Walbrook ' before there was any ditch '. If he meant that there was no 
ditch before 12 13 he was in error. Recent excavations have shown clearly 
that there was a ditch of Roman work. See Archaeologia^ lii. 615, and 
Ix. 203-7, and 212-3. The Roman ditch was, however, smaller than the 
great ditch of the thirteenth century. On the obstruction of the ditch see 
further vol. i. p. 164, and notes on pp. 297 and 369 below. 

20, L 4. to be clensed. The draft in Harley MS. 538, f. 5, then proceeds : 
'and dyvars tymes sens, lyghtly once in xx yeres the same hath been 
observed, as myself have sene, but now of late no suche mattar, that 
charge is saved and greate profit made by suffringe or rather forsynge 
the decay thereof ; a matter manifest to all, and nathelesse for me to 
write.' This passage takes the place of the whole remainder of voL i. 
p. 20. 

2I9 1. 2. by report of Bartholofnew Unsted^ alias Fowle, Stow's friend, 
William Lambarde, rejected the story, calling Prior ' Fowler ' an obscure 
man, and his story ' without date of time or warrant of writing ' (Dictiona" 
Hum Angliae Topographicum, 176 : first published in 1730, but written 
bdore 1585). See Chronicles of London Bridge^ 33-8. 

1. 20. the Timber Bridge, The earliest proof is in the record of the 
drowning of a witch at ' Lundene brigce ' in King Edgar's time (Kemble, 
Cod, Dipi, dxci). The date of Swein's siege was 1013. 

22, L 25. Joseph Holland. One of Stow's associates in the old Society 
of Antiquaries. He was a native of Devon, and a herald and genealogist. 
Some of his manuscript collections are preserved in the British Museum 
and at the College of Arms (Heame, Curious Discourses^ ii. 436). A 
paper of his was included in John Dodderidge's Opinions of certain learned 
emtiquaries on The Antiquities of Parliaments : London, 1658 and 1670, 
from Harley MS. 305. 

28^ U 9. more towardes the west. Stow is m error. The Roman bridge 

STOW. II T 



274 Notes 

was on the same place as the mediaeval bridge, just east of the existing 
bridge. This was shown by discoveries when the bridge was building 
about 1830. See Roach Smith, ap. Archaeological Journal^ L 1x2. 

24, maigin. William Packenton^ Treasurer of Edward the Black Prince, 
and author of a Chronicle in French from 1208 to 1333. Leland (Col- 
lectanea^ ii. 455) translates some extracts, which tend to show that this 
Chronicle was the second edition of the Brute. See Sir E. M. Thompson's 
edition of Chromcon Getlfridi le Baker ^ pp. 183-4, and Die, Nat. Biog, 
xliii. 95. Stow probably quotes from LeUmd. 

26, 1. 4. In theyeare 1395. The date is wrong. Da^id Lindsay, Eari 
of Crawford, had licence to come to England for the tournament on 
Jan. 22, 1390, and was here till the end of May {Rotuli Scotiae^ iL 103). 
Stow^s authority was Hector Boece (Scot, Hist, 335, ed. 1575, where there 
is no date), as shown in his MSS. An earlier account is given by Andrew 
Wyntoun. See Chronicles of London Bridge^ 187-203. 

26, 1. 8. To conclude of this bridge. With Stow's account may be 
compared that of Lyly in Euphues and his England (ii. 192, ed. Bond) : 
^ Among all the straunge and beautifull showes, mee thinketh there is none 
so notable as the Bridge which crosseth the Theames, which is in manner 
of a continuell streete, well replenyshed with large and stately houses on 
both sides, and situate upon twentie arches, whereof each one is made of 
excellent free stone, everye one of them being three score foote in hight, 
and full twentie in distaunce one from another.' See for more exact 
dimensions Chronicles of London Bridge^ 81. 

289 L 9. Aeldgate, Stow*s derivation is wrong. If correct the old 
form should be Ealdgate. But it appears as 'Ealsegate' in the De 
Miraculis S, Edmundi of Hermann, written about 1095 (Memorials of 
St, Edmunds^ \, 43, Rolls Ser.), and the normal forms throughout the 
Middle Ages are 'Alegate* and 'Algate*. Aldgate is the Eastgate of 
the English Chronicle {sub anno 1052), though the gate by the Tower is 
said by Stow (vol. i. p. 28) to have been the chief gate on that side till 
1190. Norman, the first prior of Trinity (1108-47), rebuilt Aldgate from 
the foundation {Guildhall MS, 122, f. 13). Mr. Stevenson suggests that 
Algate was derived from Ealh, an owner or builder. The east gate of 
Gloucester was known as 'Ailesgate' from * M^V {Engl, Hist, Rev. 
xii. 491). 

81, 1. 23. The eldest note^ &c. However, it occurs in Domesday 
(i. 128): 'Canonici S. Pauli habent ad portam Episcopi x. cotarios.' 
Gilbert Foliot (//. 11 87) refers to his gate called ' Bissupesgate ' (//tr/. 
MSS, Comtn, 9th Rep. 25). 

82, 1. 28. there builded a Posteme, The record from Letter-Book^ I 
(ap. Memorials^ 614) shows that what was done in 141 5 was the enlarge- 
ment of ' the little Postern, built of old in the wall of the said city '. The 
gardens, destroyed m 1498 (ii. 76*7), were laid out at the same tune. 
For Moorfield, see further notes on pp. 369-70. 

83, 1. 5. Crifiplegate. Abbo of Fleury does not describe the bringing 



Notes 275 

of St. Edmund to London. Hermann, who does, says that the procession 
came in at Ealsegate (MemoricUs of SL Edmund's Abbey j i. 43). In the 
Nova Legenda Angliae (ii. 596-9, ed. Horstman) the gate is Algate. 
Lydgate, however, writes in his Legend of SL Edmund and St. Fremund 
(ap. Horstman's Samtnlung Altenglischer Legenden^ p. 436) : 
He kam to London toward eue late 
At whos komyng blynde men kauhte syht. 
And whan he was entred Crepylgate 
They that were lame be grace they goon upryht. 
The change was no doubt due to the fancied derivation of Crippl^ate 
from cripples, who begged there, which appears in Liber S. Bartholcmaei 
{Cotton AfS^y Vesp., B. ix, f. 15): 'Ad portam, que lingua Anglorum 
crepelsgate, Latine vero porta contractorum vocatur/ (This is the passage 
relating to Alfune which Stow quotes lower down : but the Liber was not 
written till about 11 80; both here and in the English version on f. 54 
there are notes of Stow's in the margin.) For later instances of this 
derivation see Baldwin's humorous version below, and Ben Jonson in 
Every Man in his Humour, 'As lame as Vulcan, or the founder 
of Cripplegate.' But ' cripple ' in Cripplegate is connected with O.E. 
* crepel ', a burrow. So Cripplegate would mean the sunk, or covered, or 
perhaps the narrow (cramped) gate. Cripplegap is used in the north 
of England of a small hole left in walls for the sheep to pass through. 
There was a postern at Shrewsbury called Crepulgate, and connected 
with the Severn by a lode (O.E. lad) called Crepul-lode. (N, and Q. 
9th Ser. i. 2.) 

Cripplegate is one of the three gates named in the Laws of Ethelred 
about 1000 (Thorpe, Ancient Laws and Institutes, p. 127). ' Crepelgate ' 
is the most usual form of the name in early London wills and documents. 
1. 26. Alfune, See above, and note on p. 360 below. 
L 36. /. de BlackwelL John de Bauquell, who was a prominent 
citizen at the time, ancestor of the later Blackwells. See pp. 336-7 below. 
84, L I. Fabians Manuscript, This notice does not appear in the 
printed Chronicle of Fabyan. See further, Introduction, p. xxxv. 

Margin. In a booke called Beware the cat. A most scarce and curious 
tale, published under the initials G. B., but now known to have been 
written by William Baldwin (see vol. i. p. x). Only two copies, one printed 
in 1570, the other in 1584, are known; but ten copies were reprinted 
privately by J. O. Halliwell-Phillips in 1864. For its history see further 
Catalogue of the Huth Library, i. 80, and J. P. Collier, Bibliographical 
Account of Early English Literature, i. 43-7. 

Beware the Cat is a tale professed to be told by one of Baldwin's 
friends, when they were keeping Christmas, 1552, in John Day's office at 
Aldersgate. It is a quaint medley of folk-lore, fairy-story, and broad 
jest, mingled with satire on popery, which opens thus : — 

' Being lodged, as I thank him I have been often, at a friend's house 
of mine> which were rowmish within than garnish without, standing at 

T 2 



276 Notes 

Sftint Mutin's Lane cod, hangeth partly upon the town-wall that b 
called Alder's Gale, either of one Aldrich, or els of elders, that is to lajr 
ancient men of the citie, which among them bnilded it, aa biahops did 
Btsbopsgate, or els of elder trees, which bischaance, as they doe in the 
Gardines now there about, so while the comon there was vacant, grew 
abundantly in the same place where the gate was after builded, and called 
thereof Eldergate, as Mooi^te took the name of the field without it, 
which hath been a very moore, or els because it is the most ancient gate 
of the dttie, was thereof in respect of the other, as Newgate, called the 
Elder Gale, or els as Ludgate taketb the name of Lud, who builded it, so 
most part of Haroldes (1 know) will soonest assent Aleredos builded tbia, 
but they are deceived, for he and his wife Algag builded Algate, which 
thereof taketh the name, as Cripple gate doth of a Cripple, who begged 
so much in his life as (put to the silver weather-cock which he stole frotn 
Powles steeple), after bis death builded it.' 

' But whereof soever this gate, Aldersgate, took the name (which longeth 
chiefly to Historyes to know), Ac' 

The whole passage reads like a piece of grave fooling, which |noved too 
delicate for Stow's simplicity. 

Stow himself is at &ult in his derivation. Aldersgate is a comiption 
of Kaldredesgate, or Ealdred's gate, by which name it is mentiaoed 
about 1000 (Thorpe, Amcunt Laws, &c., p. 137). Later fianos ore 
Aldredesgate in 1375, and Aldrichegate in 1343 and 1373 (Col. Wiils, 
i. 35, ii. 163 ; Mun. Gild. 1. 106). 

IL =5-<. John D<^ . . . a late famous PrinUr. Dibdin {Jyp. 
Attif. iv. 41) writes of him thus : ' There are very few of onr earlier 
printers to whom both literature and typc^raphy are more deeply in- 
debted.' Day, who died 15S4, had been a printer at Alder^ate from 
1549, and published about 330 volumes. See Diet. Nat. Bieg. xiv. 333. 

80, t. 3. Ntwgatt, as ItUtlitr btdliUd. Recent excavations revealed 
cxtenuve remains of the Roman wall and gate at Newgate {ArekagoUgiOj 
\u. isj-^o). This was no doubt also the Wesigate of Saxon London — 
' Westgetum ' in a charter, dated S57, of Burhrcd of Merda, ap. Tbotpe, 
DiplamalariHm, 118. Probably the new gate was butll after one of 
the great 6res early in the twelfth ceniur)- ; but Ihe Vita Arktitmaldi, 
which is quoted here and in \-ol. i. p. 69, describes only the buildinga of 
Maurice and Richard about St. Paul's (Neva Ltgmda Angliat, L 395-61 
ed. Horstman). Saward de ' Nova Porta ' is mentiGoed in a deed aboot 
1163 (Hist, MSS. Cmmm. 9th R^. $}, and Newgate is referred to as a 
prison in the Pipe Roll far 1190. Its ontier aame was Chamberlain 
Gate: see note on pp. 361-3. SeealsoK. R>Sbai^,.1/rrH<naAiy'/Knr2*ift 
CmL 

Xk.n-i.auliigkmidlM^strm...f«^it'iaiidiicpf^Jvp. The 

p«ate&E change appears to be that described in Wren's PiwwmiuHmt 

i [of Si. Paul's] and searching the 

keyor [Wren] discovered nine wells in a 




Notes 



row, which no doubt had anciently belonged to a street of houses 
ulope from the High Street [Watling Street] to the Roman 
[Cheapside], and this street, which was taken away lo make room for the 
new Quire [of I256J.came so near to the old [Norman] Presbylerium that 
the church could not extend further that way at first.' It h:i5 been argued 
from Ihis that a Roman road ran diagonally to Newgale ; but the theory 
is doubtful: see Lethaby, London be/ore the Conquest, 150-2, 

36. 1. 19. John Offrtm. His real name was John de Frome. See Ann. 
Lend. 46, Lili. de Anl. Legg. az, and lUsl. MSS. Ccmm. 9th Rep. 14 rf, 

I. 38. In the ycare 1414, Sc. Probably this refers lo the occurrence 
in [419, when, through the abuse of the privileges of Ludgate by peraons 
* more willing to take up iheir abode there . . . than to pay their debts,' 
the Mayor and Sheriffs abolished that prison, and removed the prisoners 
to Newgate. This was in June. In November following, since many 
persons, 'by reason of ihc fetid and corrupt atmosphere that is in the 
baleful gaol of Newgate," had died, VVhitlinglon ordered the use of 
Ludgale to be restored [Memorials, 673, 677). 

S8,l. 4. Liidsgaie,er Fludsgate. Camden, Br//rt»nja(ii, fo, ed. Gough), 
'Ludgate or Fludsgate, as Leland thinks, from the rivulet there.' 
Geoffrey of Monmouth (Hist. Brit.) speaks of ii as 'the gate which lo 
this day is called in the liridsh tongue Porth-Lud, and in the Saxon 
Luddesgata '. The tradition may be old, and Mr. W. H. Stevenson [Eng. 
Hist. Jiev. %\\. 491) has suggested again that the name is due to an owner 
called Ludd or Ludda. But ' ludgeat ' is given in 0,E, dictionaries as 
meaning a pastern, and ' lidgate ' is used of a swinging gate between a 
meadow and the high way (jV.£". D.) See a\ioLci\\ahy,Loniion be/ore I /le 
Conquest, 84-6. 

1. It. Luds gcile/vr theWesl. The chief gate on the west was Newgate, 
Me note above. Itut the postern at Ludgate was no doubt ancient. 

1. 24. Hebreive caracters. The Hebrew should probably be read — 

pmr pnn p hets 'in avo in 

41. 1. II. Dovme gate, so cidled of the sodaine descending. ' Down e,' and 
its explanation, seem to be guesses of Slow's. A wharf ' apud Duuegate ' 
Is mentioned in an alleged charter of William I (Cotton Charter, vi. 3), 
which, though a fabrication, probably dates from the reign of Henry I. 
Stephen gr.inted to St. Mary Overy the stone house of William de Pomde 
TArche ' coiitra seldas de Dovegata ' (Mom. Angl, vi. 172), In a charter 
of Henry 11 to Rouen, 1150-1, there is mention of the port of 'Duue- 
gate' at London (Cii/. French Documents, 34-5, cd. Round). ' Duues- 
gate' occurs in an early deed in the Clerkenwell Cartulary {Co/ton. MS., 

, Faustina, D. ii, f. 75 ; where Stow has written ' Dunesgate ', but the third 
letter is certainly w). 'Douegate'.or 'Douuegale', is the regular mediaeval 
form. In the sixteenth century it is 'Dow Lane' and 'Dovegate'. 
'Duvegate' looks like a compound (O.K. 'Dri/aiigeui) of Dove, probably 
ft woman's name. Camden [Hritannia, ii. So) writes : ' Dourgate, vulgarly 

I Dowgate, or the Water gate ' ; this is an impossible derivation. 



■s that lay ^^H 

causeway ^^^^ 



276 



Notes 



Saint Martin's Lane end, hangeth partly upon the town-wall that is 
called Alder's Gate, either of one Aldrich, or els of elders, that is to say 
ancient men of the citie, which among them builded it, as bishops did 
Bishopsgate, or els of elder trees, which bischaunce, as they doe in the 
Gardines now there about, so while the comon there was vacant, grew 
abundantly in the same place where the gate was after builded, and called 
thereof Eldergate, as Mooigate took the name of the field without it, 
which hath been a very moore, or els because it is the most ancient gate 
of the cittie, was thereof in respect of the other, as Newgate, called the 
Elder Gate, or els as Ludgate taketh the name of Lud, who builded it, so 
most part of Haroldes (I know) will soonest assent Aleredos builded this, 
but they are deceived, for he and his wife Algag builded Algate, which 
thereof taketh the name, as Cripple gate doth of a Cripple, who begged 
so much in his life as (put to the silver weather-cock which he stole from 
Powles steeple), after his death builded it/ 

' But whereof soever this gate, Aldersgate, took the name (which longeth 
chiefly to Historyes to know), &c.' 

The whole passage reads like a piece of grave fooling, which proved too 
delicate for Stow*s simplicity. 

Stow himself is at foult in his derivation. Aldersgate is a corruption 
of Ealdredesgate, or Ealdred's gate, by which name it is mentioned 
about looo (Thorpe, Ancient Laws^ &c., p. 137). Later forms are 
Aldredesgate in 1375, ^^^ Aldrichegate in 1243 and 1373 (Co/. Wills^ 
i. 25, ii. 162 ; Mun, Gild. L 106). 

11. 25-6. John Day , , , a late famous Printer, Dibdin (Typ. 
Antig. iv. 41) writes of him thus : ' There are very few of our earlier 
printers to whom both literature and typography are more deeply in- 
debted.' Day, who died 1584, had been a printer at Aldersgate from 
1549, and published about 230 volumes. See Diet, Nat, Biog, xiv. 333. 

85, 1. 2. Newgate^ as latelier builded. Recent excavations revealed 
extensive remains of the Roman wall and gate at Newgate (ArchaeologieL, 
lix. 135-40). This was no doubt also the Westgate of Saxon London— 
' Westgetum ' in a charter, dated 857, of Burhred of Mercia, ap. Thorpe, 
Dipiamatarium, 1 18. Probably the new gate was built after one of 
the great fires early in the twelfth century ; but the Vita Arkenwaldi^ 
which is quoted here and in vol. i. p. 69, describes only the buildings of 
Maurice and Richard about St. Paul's {Nova Legenda Angliae^ L 395-6, 
ed. Horstman). Saward de ' Nova Porta ' is mentioned in a deed about 
1163 (Hist, AfSS, Comm. 9th Rep. 5), and Newgate is referred to as a 
prison in the Pipe Roll for 1190. Its earlier name was Chamberlain 
Gate : see note on pp. 361-2. See also R. R. Sharpe, Memorials of Newgate 
Gaol, 

11. 2 1-3. the high and large street , , , so crossed and stopped z//. The 
greatest change appears to be that described in Wren's ParentaUa^ 
p. 272. ' Upon demolishing the ruins [of St. Paul's] and searching the 
foundations of the Quire, the Surveyor [Wren] discovered nine wells in a 




Notes 



row, which no doubt had anciently belonged to a street of houses Chat lay 
aslope from the High Street [Walling Street] to the Ronuin causeway 
[Cheapside], and this street, which was inken away to make room for the 
new Quire [of 1356], came so near to the old [Norman] Presbylerium that 
the church could nol extend further that way al first.' It hns been argued 
from this thai a Roman road ran diagonally to Newgale ; but the theory 
is doubtful : sec Lelhaby, London before the Omqtiest, 1 50-a. 

36, I. 19. JohnOffrem. His real name was John de Frome. See ^nw. 
I.ond. 46, Lib. lie AhI. Legg. aa, and HUl. MSS. Comm. gth Rep. 14 *. 

1. 38, In the yearc 1414, &c Probably this refers to the occurrence 
in 1419, when, through the abuse of the privileges of Ludgate by persons 
■ more willing to take up their abode there . . . than to pay their debts,' 
the Mayor and Sheriffs abolished thai prison, and removed the prisoners 
10 Newgate. This was in June. In November following, since many 
persons, 'by reason of the fetid and corrupt atmosphere that is in the 
baleful gaol of Newgate,' had died, Whittington ordered the use of 
Ludgate to be restored {Memorials, 673, 677). 

88,1.4. LudigatCyOr FUidsgitte. QsxaAsn, Brilnnniaiyt. fo,ed. Gotigh), 
'Ludgate or FludsgaCe, as Leiand thinks, from the rivulet there.' 
Geoffrey of Monmouth {Hist. Brit.) speaks of it as 'the gate which to 
this day is called in the British tongue Porth-Lud, and in the Saxon 
Luddesgata '. The tradition may be old, and Mr. \V. H. Stevenson {Eng. 
Hist. /iev. xii. 491) has suggested again that the name is due to an owner 
called Ludd or Ludda. But ■ ludgeat ' is given in O.E. dictionaries as 
meaning a poslem, and ' lidgale ' is used of a swinging gale between a 
meadow and the high way (N. E, D.) See also Lethaby, ioWon before iht 
Conquest, 84-6, 

l.ii. Ltids gate for ikeWest. Thechiefgate on the west wasNewgate, 
see note above. But the postern at Ludgate was no doubt ancient. 

1. 24. Hebrevie caracters. The Hebrew should probably be read — 

pmc pin p ntro 'in 3sd p 

41, I. II. Downe gate, so called of the sodiiine descending. ' Downe,' and 
its explanation, seem to be guesses of Stow's. A wharf ' apud Duuegate ' 
is mentioned in an alleged charter of William I {Cotton Charter, vi. 3), 
which, though a fabrication, probably dates from the reign of Henry L 
Stephen granied to St. Mary Overy the stone house of William de Ponlde 
I'Arche ' contra seldas de Dovegata ' {Mon. Angl. vi, 173). In a charter 
of Henry II to Rouen, 1150-1, there is mention of the port of 'Duue- 
gate ' at London (di/. French Documents, 34-5, ed. Round). ' Duues- 
gale' occurs in an early deed in the Clerkenwell Cartulary (Cotton. MS., 
Faustina, D. ii, f. 75 ; where Stow has written ' Dunesgate ', but the third 
letter is certainly «). 'Douegaic', or 'Douuegale', is the regular mediaeval 
form. In the sixteenth century it is 'Dow Lane' and 'Dovegate'. 
' Duvegate ' looks like a compound {O.E. 'DUfvigeal) of Dove, probably 
a woman's name. Camden {Britannia, ii. 80) writes : ' Dourgate, vulgarly 
Dowgate, or the Water gate ' ; this is an impossible derivation. 



276 



Notes 



Saint Martin's Lane end, hangeth partly upon the town-wall that is 
called Alder's Gate, either of one Aldrich, or els of elders, that is to say 
ancient men of the citie, which among them builded it, as bishops did 
Bishopsgate, or els of elder trees, which bischaunce, as they doe in the 
Gardines now there about, so while the comon there was vacant, grew 
abundantly in the same place where the gate was after builded, and called 
thereof Eldergate, as Moorgate took the name of the field without it, 
which hath been a very moore, or els because it is the most ancient gate 
of the cittie, was thereof in respect of the other, as Newgate, called the 
Elder Gate, or els as Ludgate taketh the name of Lud, who builded it, so 
most part of Haroldes (I know) will soonest assent Aleredos builded this, 
but they are deceived, for he and his wife Algag builded Algate, which 
thereof taketh the name, as Cripple gate doth of a Cripple, who bested 
so much in his life as (put to the silver weather-cock which he stole from 
Powles steeple), after his death builded it.' 

*• But whereof soever this gate, Aldersgate, took the name (which longeth 
chiefly to Historyes to know), &c.* 

The whole passage reads like a piece of grave fooling, which proved too 
delicate for Stow's simplicity. 

Stow himself is at fault in his derivation. Aldersgate is a corruption 
of Ealdredesgate, or Ealdred's gate, by which name it is mentioned 
about looo (Thorpe, Ancient Laws^ &c., p. 127). Later forms ait 
Aldredesgate in 1275, and Aldrichegate in 1243 and 1372 (Gt/. IViiis^ 
i. 25, ii. 162 ; Mun, Gild. L 106). 

11. 25-6. John Day . . , a late famous Printer. Dibdin [TyP^ 
Antiq. iv. 41) writes of him thus : ' There are very few of our earlier 
printers to whom both literature and typography are more deeply in- 
debted.' Day, who died 1584, had been a printer at Aldersgate from 
1549, and published about 230 volumes. See Diet. Nat. Biog. xiv. 333. 

85» 1. 2. Newgate^ as latelier builded. Recent excavations revealed 
extensive remains of the Roman wall and gate at Newgate {Archaeaicgia^ 
lix. 125-40). This was no doubt also the Westgate of Saxon London— 
' Westgetum' in a charter, dated 857, of Burhred of Merda, ap. Thofpe, 
Dipiomatarium^ 118. Probably the new gate was built after one of 
the great fires early in the twelfth century ; but the Vita Ark^nwMi, 
which is quoted here and in vol. i. p. 69, describes only the buildings of 
Maurice and Richard about St. Paul's (Nova Legenda Angliag^ L 395-€^ 
ed. Horstman). Saward de ' Nova Porta ' is mentioned in a deed about 
1 162 (Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 5), and Newgate is referred to as a 
prison in the Pipe Roll for 1190. Its earlier name was Chamberlam 
Gate : see note on pp. 361-2. See also R. R. Sharpe, Memorials of Newgate 
Gaol. 

11. 21-3. the high and large street . . . so crossed and stopfied vf. The 
greatest change appears to be that described in Wren's PartntaUat 
p. 272. * Upon demolishing the ruins [of St. Paul's] and searching the 
foundations of the Quire, the Surveyor [Wren] discovered nine wells in a 



Notes 277 

row, which no doubt had anciently belonged to a street of houses that lay 
aslope from the High Street [Watling Street] to the Roman causeway 
[Cheapside], and this street, which was taken away to make room for the 
new Quire [of 1256], came so near to the old [Norman] Presbyterium that 
the church could not extend further that way at first.' It has been argued 
from this that a Roman road ran diagonally to Newgate ; but the theory 
is doubtful : see Lethaby, London before the Conquest^ 1 50-2. 

96, 1. 19. lohn Offrem, His real name was John de Fronie. See Ann. 
Land. 46, Lib, de Ant. Legg, 22, and Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 14 ^. 

1. 38. In theyeare 1414, &c Probably this refers to the occurrence 
in 14 1 9, when, through the abuse of the privileges of Ludgate by persons 

* more willing to take up their abode there . . . than to pay their debts,' 
the Mayor and Sheriffs abolished that prison, and removed the prisoners 
to Newgate. This was in June. In November following, since many 
persons, ' by reason of the fetid and corrupt atmosphere that is in the 
hateful gaol of Newgate,' had died, Whittington ordered the use of 
Ludgate to be restored {Memorials^ 673, 677). 

88, 1. 4. Ludsgate^ or Fludsgate. Camden, Britannia (ii. 80, ed. Gough), 
'Ludgate or Fludsgate, as Leland thinks, from the rivulet there.' 
Geoffrey of Monmouth {Hist. Brit,) speaks of it as * the gate which to 
this day is called in the British tongue Porth-Lud, and in the Saxon 
Luddesgata '. The tradition may be old, and Mr. W. H. Stevenson (Eng. 
Hist. Rev. xii. 491) has suggested again that the name is due to an owner 
called Ludd or Ludda. But ' ludgeat ' is given in O.E. dictionaries as 
meaning a postern, and * lidgate ' is used of a swinging gate between a 
meadow and the highway (A^. E. D.) See also Lethaby, London be/ore the 
Conquest^ 84-6. 

1. 1 1 . Luds gate for the West. The chief gate on the west was Newgate, 
see note above. But the postern at Ludgate was no doubt ancient. 

1. 24. Hebrewe caracters. The Hebrew should probably be read — 

pny pin p mwD 'in ysa \r\ 

41» 1. II. Downe gate ^ so called of the sodaine descending. * Downe,' and 
its explanation, seem to be guesses of Stow's. A wharf * apud Duuegate ' 
is mentioned in an alleged charter of William I (Cotton Charter, vi. 3), 
which, though a fabrication, probably dates from the reign of Henry L 
Stephen granted to St. Mary Overy the stone house of William de Pontde 
I'Arche ' contra seldas de Dovegata ' (Afon. Angl. vi. 172). In a charter 
of Henry II to Rouen, 11 50-1, there is mention of the port of 'Duue- 
gate 'at London (CaL French Documents, 34-5, ed. Round). ' Duues- 
gate' occurs in an early deed in the Clerkenwell Cartulary (Cotton. MS., 
Faustina, B. ii, f. 75 ; where Stow has written ' Dunesgate ', but the third 
letter is certainly u). ' Douegate ', or ' Douuegate ', is the regular mediaeval 
form. In the sixteenth century it is 'Dow Lane' and 'Dovegate'. 

* Duvegate ' looks like a compound (O.E. *Diifangeat) of Dove, probably 
a woman's name. Camden (Britannia, ii. 80) writes : ' Dourgate, vulgarly 
Dowgate, or the Water gate ' ; this is an impossible derivation. 



278 ''^'^^ 



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Notes 



279 



I St. Paul the same Knbert shall bear In his own hand as far as Algale'; 
I p. 64, 11. 2-S : 'think good, if so be Ihey must make any issue forth of 
I the city. Then also must the said mayor, the said Robert, and two of 
) the most sage persons of each ward dismount to foresee' ; 1. 31 : ' it is 
I hwfuU'; p.65,1.6: ' at Wodewbarf' '; I.13; ' his great Council.' Though 
I omitted in the edition of 1598, 'The Rights of Robert FiliWalter' appear 
I b the draft in Uarlcy MS. 538. 

The second Robert FitzWalier had licence in 1 275 to transfer Baynard's 
Castle and the Tower called Monttichel to Archbishop Kiluardby for the 
founding of Blackfriars (see i. 68), but with a reservation of all his 
franchises and privileges in the City. {C.P.ff. Edw. I, i, 96.) it was 
in pursuance of this reservation that in 1303 he claimed his privileges. 
The claim was renewed by him in 1321, before the King's Justices, who 
refused to entertain it. It was for the last lime advanced by John 
FitiWalter in 1347, but peremptorily rejected by the Mayor and Common 
Council. {Lelttr-Boek F, 169,) See Riley's Intrediictiott to Sfiin.Gi/ii.U. 
1. pp. Ixxvi-lxxxiv ; and Memoriah, p. 236. On the soke of Robert Fiti- 
Waller and the Jurisdiction of the Lord of Castle Baynard on the 
Thames see Eng, Hist. Rev. xvii. 485-6, with a document edited there 
by Miss Bateson from Add. MS. 14353. 

65, 1. 29. This Robert deceased. Stow is in error in his genealogjy. 
Robert FittWalter, the baronial leader, died in 1334, and his son Walter 
1258, Robert II was an infant when his father died, and lived till 
I32S- He was succeeded by Robert III, who died in 1328. John, son of 
Robert, died in 1361. The ma!e line of FitzWalier became extinct in 
, 1432. Nicolas, Historic Peerage, 199 ; G. E. C, Complete Peerage, 

1. 34. More 0/ the Lord FitzWaltar. In the draft in Hariey MS. 
538, f. 17'° there follows a long account of the intervention of Walter, 
Lord FitiWalter, in defiance of the City in their quarrel with John of 
Gaunt in 1377. FiliWalter offered his help as ' being by ancient inheri- 
tance standard-bearer to the city '. The passage, which is given in the 
Annates, p. 433, ed. 1605, is a translation from the Chronicnn Aiigliae, 
pp. 121-3. 

1. 36. ho'iV this honour of Paynards Castellfdl, &c. The later Baynard 
Castle was not on the site of the old house of the FiizWaliers at Black- 
^ars, but some distance to the east near Paul's Wharf. In a declaration 
made about 1446 it is stated that a certain deed was sealed ' in the due 
ofVorkys place besyde Paulys warfe, in a chambyr in the est parte of the 
courte, were that my lord of Clowseiir lyiih now' (Lappenbcrg, II. 71 : 
the date of the deed seems to have been 1417). This enables us to 
I identify the later Baynard Casile with the ' Hospice called le Old Inne by 

' The Woodwhnrf was apparently near to, if not identical with, the Uler Paul's 
Wharf, In the ihiiteenlh century, and as late as tj^g, St. Bennet Hilhc wu called 
St. Benedict at Woodwhsrf (Wrf. M.iS. Comm. gih Rep. 4, 5; Cat. Wills, i. 8, 
59, 563). la 1310 it appears u St. Benedict at Wodewharf near St. PbuI's Wharf, 
and after 1349 as St. Benedict at Paul's Wharf (1,/. i. 1S7, 6o£i ii. iii). In the 
origbiBl draft in Ifarl^ MS. 538 Stow wrote ■ at a wood wharf '. 




28o Notes 

Pauls Wbaife ', which appears amongst the posseuions of Edward, Duke 
of York, who was killed al Agincourt {jCsd. Inq.p. m. iv. 14). After the 
death of Humphrey of Gloucester it fell, with the rest of his property, to 
the crown {Rot. Pari. v. 132), but soon reverted to Richard, Duke of 
York. It is called 'Baynardis Castell' as Richard's house in 1457 
(CAroM. Land. 168). It is possible that Edward, Duke of York, nuy 
have acquired the 'Old Inne' through his tnaniage to Philippa, widow 
of Walter FitiWalter {d. 1386)— see il 110 above. 

67, L 6. King of the Romaims. In HarUy MS, 538, C 19, 'fiibian 
writer' is put in the margin. The notice does not occur in the printed 
Continuation, but see Chron. London, pp. 3;(|, 360. 

68, I. 33. as apptareth by their granUs, A longish explanation is 
inserted in Harhy MS. 538, f. 19":— 'Edward the first, the tenthe 
yere of his reigne, graunted to the maior and citiiens of London to take 
toward the makynge of the wall and indosure of the Cilie certayn cus- 
tomes, as apperith by the graunt. Also Kyng Edward the second sent 
his writ commaundinge the Citizens of London to make the walle alle 
redy begonj and the Towre at the ende of the same walle within the 
water of Thames, nere to the house of the Blake Ariais, of the profites 
rising of the customes before to them graunted ; this writ was dated the 
18 of Julii the 4 of E. the second. The wall was then finished, &c' 

69,11. 1,3. Another Tomer . . . the King. In place of this sentence 
Hurley SfS. 538, f. 19", has:— *A Towre or Castle there was in the 
west parte of the .Citie, as William fitz Stevem bathe noted in these 
words: "The Citie of London saythe he (who wrote in the reigne of 
Henry the second) habel ab Occidents arctm palatinam, ah oriente duo 
CMlella munHiisima. It hath in the west a princely tower or castle. 
And in the east two towres or castles. Now for the first, to wite in the 
west, which was a princely Towre or Castle in the reigne of H. the 
second as the same FitzStephen notithe. It hath bene of longe since 
distroyed, and no monument thereof remayninge, wherefore 1 could 
Devar leme where the same was situate, more than on the west parte of 
the Citie. I read that, Ac." ' 

I. 5. JmmdaHoK 0/ a neat Church. In HarUy MS. 538 Stow then 
inserts : ' a wirke that men lodged would nevar have bene finished, it 
was to them so wonderfull for largenes.' And four lines lower, after 
sticcestor: 'dyd also wonderfully increase the same chirche, purchasynge 
at his owne cost the large stretes about it' The next paragraph — Tkii 
Tatuer or Castlt to largt CMronicUs—u Knitted. 

70, L 35. Bait court. See note on p^ 340. 

71, 1. I. r,>u}ir Royail . . . king Stephen tuas there lodged. Stow was 
no doubt misled by finding St^heit at the turrit regia, which, however, 
meant the Tower ol London {cf. KoBWi, Geoffrey de Manderoille, 336). 
The dcrii-ation of Tower Royal «u quite differeBt— sec p. 334 below. 

l.S. the Qutenei Warttrobt. JWkiJBgtOlbeCity record (.l/nnnrra/j, 
450} it was to the Great Wiurdldt ^V* Baynard that Richard went. 




Notes 281 

1. 23. Semes Tower. See note on p. 329. 
72, 1. 18. T7u three principall Churches^ &c. See FitzStephen's text 
on ii. 221 above, where the churches are named as St. Paul's, Trinity, 
and St. Martin's. But Stow's copy (see note ad loc) did not name the 
churches. The schools at St. Mary Arches (de Archd) and St. Martin- 
le-Grand are mentioned in a deed, probably before 1141, of Henry of 
Blois (d. 1 1 71), bishop of Winchester (Round, Commune of London, 117). 
The School at St. Paul's was as old as the reign of Henry I (Dugdale, 
St. PauPs, 6). 

1. 27. Inguiphus . . . writeth thus. This passage (Gale, ScriptoreSy 
i. 62, 73) is one of the most noted in the spurious fifteenth-century 
chronicle falsely ascribed to Ingulph. The story is of course quite 
unwarranted. 
73, 1. 15. Our Ladie of RounciualL See note on p. 374. 

L 27. foure other Grammer schooles. See i. 194 and note on p. 321. 
74, 1. II. Afannor of the Rose, See note on p. 322. 

L 39. reuiued in , . , Christs Hospitail. In the Annates sub anno 
I55S> Stow describes a disputation held here before the Mayor on St. 
Bartholomew's Eve, when the prizes were three silver pens, and the first 
was won by a scholar of St Anthony's. 

78, 1. 12. Bolt as Mootes, This appears in all editions of the 
Survey. But no doubt the true reading should be ' Boltes, Mootes, and 
putting of cases '. It is often difficult to distinguish a from e in Stow's 
handwriting. This will then agree with ' meetings, boltinges, and other 
learned exercises ' a few lines lower down. Boltinges (or boltes) were 
discussions inferior to Moots. The holding of Moots has been of late 
years after long disuse revived: see 'Douthwaite, Grays Inn, 80-7, and 
Fletcher, Pension-book of Gray s Inn. 
79, 1. 21. common cookerie or cookes row — see note on p. 322. 
81, 1. 21. the friendly water of Thames. Nash looks at the matter 
differently when he writes in Pierce Pemlesse of * Brewers that by retayling 
filthy Thames water come in few yeres to be worth fortie or fiftie thousand 
pound.' ( IVorhs, ii. 33.) 

IL 26-7. the Shoomahers . , . to Saint Martins Le Grand. So Dekker 
in The Guls Hombooke ( Works, ii. 223) : * If thy quicksiluer can runne 
so farre on thy errant as to fetche thee bootes out of S. Martens.' 

1. 37. Stationers ofPaules Church yarde. In the sixteenth century the 
principal booksellers and publishers were gathered there. References in 
contemporary literature are of course common, e. g. * Paul's Churchyard 
the peruser of every man's works, and Exchange of all Authors.' (Nash, 
Strange Newes, &c., ap. Works, ii. 207.) For a list of booksellers in 
St. Paul's Churchyard in 1582 see Arber*s Transcript of Stationers' 
Registers. 

82, 1. 16. Thomas Clifford. This and the other quotation from Clifford 
(on ii. 105) clearly come from the ' Life of Edward the Confessor,' which 
was written for Queen Eadgyth within a few years <^ her husband's 



282 Notes 

death.— See Luard, Lives of Edward the Canjtstar^ 417. In the Annates 
(p. 138, ed. 1605) Stow makes the same quotation from * T. Clifibrd \ bnt 
a little earlier (on p. 123) refers to the Vita Edwardi Regis as dedicated 
to Eadgyth by a nameless writer. On iL 102 Clifford is cited for evenu 
in the reign of Edward I. Possibly Clifford was a friend who supplied 
Stow with information. 

88» 11. 3, 4. quaffing , , , is mightily increased. Nash in 1592 writes 
thus : ' Superfluitie in drink, a sinne, that ever since we have mixt our- 
selves with the Low Countries is counted honourable ; but before we knew 
their lingring wanes, was held in y* highest degree of hatred that might 
be. Then if we had seene a man goe wallowing in the streetes, or line 
sleeping under the boord we would have spet at him as a toade, and 
wamd all our friends out of his company ; now he is nobody that cannot 
drinke super nagulum^ &c. He is reputed a pesaunt and a boore that will 
not take his licour profoundly ' {Pierce Penilesse^ ap. Works^ iL 78). 

Margin. W, Patten, He was son of Richard Patten (d. 1536), doth- 
worker of London, and was Lord of the Manor of Stoke Newington. 
He was a lawyer by profession, and a member of the old Society of 
Antiquaries as late as Feb. 1590 {Stowe MS, 1045, f. 2). His only known 
work is an account (reprinted in Tudor Tracts^ ed. A. F. Pollard) of * The 
expedicion into Scotland* in 1548, in which he had taken part. See 
Diet, Nat. Biog, xliv. 50, and vol. i, p. X14, above. 

84, 1. 2. / read that. Stow clearly follows the Anominaile Chronicle 
(517) for the erroneous statements that Richard's mother accompanied 
him in a whirlicote, and that Buckingham was present (see Oman, Great 
Revolt ^ 1 38 1, pp. 63, 197 : however, the City ttcoxd—MemorialSf 449— 
also gives the former). On the Anominaile Chronicle^ see Introduction, 
p. xxxiii, and note on p. 366 below. 

1. 14. the vse of coatches. In the Annates (p. 867, ed. 1631) there is 
a notice added by Howes, which, however, reads like an expansion of the 
present passage, and may perhaps have come from Stow's collections: 
* In the yeare 1564 Guilliam Boonen, a Dutchman, became the Queene's 
Coachman, and was the first that brought the use of coaches into 
England. . . . Then little by little they grew usuall among the Nobilities, 
and others of Sort, and within twentie yeeres became a great trade of 
Coachmaking. About that time began long Waggons to come in use, 
such as now come to London from Canterbury, Norwich, Ipswich, 
Glocester, &c., with passengers and commodities. Lastly, even at this time, 
1605, began the ordinary use of Caroaches.' 'Caroach' was used of 
a town-carriage as distinguished from ' coach *, a country-carriage. 

Stow himself in the Summary Abridged {p. 260, ed. 1604), under date 
1555, writes : * This yeare Walter Ripon made a coach for the Earle of Rut.- 
land, which was the first coach (saith he) that euer was made in England. 
Since, to wit, in anno 1564, the said Walter Ripon made the first hollow 
turning coach, with pillers and arches, for her maiestie, being then her 
seniant. Also in anno 1584, a Chariot Throne, with foure pillars behind to 



Notes 283 



beare a Canapie with a crowne imperiall on the toppCi and before two 
lower pillars, wherebn stood a Lion and a Dragon, the supporters of the 
arms of England.' 
S. Rowlands, in 1612, writes in Knave of Hearts^ p. 7 : 
Such Carting ne'er was seen before, 
A Coach must carry to Church dore 
An Asse that's with foure Horses drawne: 
And Mistress Easie to the Pawne 
Must passe upon two paire of Wheeles, 
As though the poxe were in her Heeles. 
85, L 13. an tucount made by H, Leicester. A copy of this * Record of 
PontefracV was in possession of J. Watson Reid, F.S. A., who intended to 
publish it. See J. G. Nichols's Illustrations of Manners and Expenses^ 
pp. ix, X, where a fragment is printed. See also Nichols's Leicestershire^ 
i. 333. Stow's transcript seems to be faulty (cf. i. 86, 1. 23) ; the first sum 
totals only 4,560/. i6j. %\d.^ instead of 5,330/. 17^. 7|^. ; the second is 
correct, and the third and fourth are only a few pence out. 

87, 1. 27, mai^'n. Rob, Fabian^s manuscript. The quotation does not 
correspond so well with the printed Fabyan, pp. 633-3, as with the 
Vitellius Chronicle {Ckron. Lond. 168). Fabyan's manuscript may have 
followed more closely the common original. 

91, 1. 19. sir Thomas Cromwel Wriothesly writes in his Chronicle ^ 
i. 96 : ' My Lord Cromwell had among them one m. men of gunners, 
morris pykes, and bowemen, goeing in jerkins after the socheners fashion, 
and his gentlemen goeinge by, to sett them in array, in jerkins of bufTe 
leather, dublets and hose of white satten and tafiata sarsenet, which he 
did for the honour of the citye.' 

96, 1. 7. One other shew^ &c. The original of this narrative is contained 
in two fragments amongst Stow's Collections^ ap. Harley MS, 347, derived 
apparently from a continuation of Higden's Polychromcon. They are 
printed at the end of Sir E. M. Thompson's Introduction to the Chronicon 
Angliae (pp. Ixvii and Ixxxii). Stow has somewhat altered his original, 
which, for instance, in 11. 35-7 has ' with black vizerdes like deuils nothing 
amiable, seeming like legates '. ' From some forain Princes ' is a gloss. 

100, 1. 5. Roger Houeden, Hoveden (ii. 131) has only a brief note. 
Stow's source is the Gesta Henrici Secundi (i. 155). The real date was 
June or July 1 174. Mr. Round has shown by reference to the Pipe Roll for 
1 175, giving account ' de catallis Johannis Vetuli suspensi ', that in John 
Senex we have an elegant Latinization of the well-known London surname 
* Viel' (Commune of London^ II3 ; cf. Hist, MSS, Comm, 9th Rep. 35). 

101, 1. 29. the vertue that a great fire hath. In his account of the 
great pestilence of 1563 Stow relates that on July 9 every householder 
was ordered * to lay owt woodd and make bonfyers in y® stretes and lanes 
to that intent they should therby consume y* corrupte ayers, which othar 
wyse myght infecte y^ sitie with y* plage ... it wase commaundyd to 
contynew y* same iij tymes a weke*. {Memoranda^ p. 133.) 



284 



Notes 



101, L 30. On the Vigil, &c. The Hanse merchants mmde provision 
in their expenses for 1400 for the hanging out of lamps on St. John's eve 
and on St. Peter's eve, and also for furnishing two torches for the 
Corpus Christi procession (cf. i. 230 above). See Lappenberg, Staklhof, 
II. 27. 

103, 1. 13. a great muster. Some contemporary notices for 1538-9, 
apparently written by a citizen, and preserved amongst Stow's Collections 
(Harley MS, 530, f. 1 19), include the following : 

* Memorandum. That on Thorsday the viij day of May, in the yere of 
our Lord M. vc xxxix, was made a muster in London, suche a monster 
seyn in no kynges day y^ eny man can tell of: for ther was in nomber 
xxxvj M. men in hamys, wythe morys pykys, and handgonys, and 
bowys ; w^ all y® alldermen one horsebak, w^ y^ shreffes in blake velvet, 
& chaynes of gold abow^t ther neckes. And the fyrst settyng owt of 
eoery warde was commaundyd to goo owt at Algat to myllend grene, 
& the ffeylde ther abow^t; and brow^t forthe ageyn & set v in aray of 
all maner of wepons ; & so forthe a longste throw) Chepsyde & throw) 
powlles chirche yard, & throw) ffleyt stret, & so to Westmyster throw) 
Kyng Stret, & y^ seyntwary ; and so Rounde abow)t y* kynges parke, 
& by sent James, & so over y® feldes by y^ condyt hede, & so forthe 
to holbome, and in at new gat, & so euery man home. 

' God save the Kyng. 

* Master Wyllm. fforman then beyng meare of London.' 

See other accounts in Wriothesley's Chronicle, i. 95-7, and Letters and 
Papers, xiv. 940. 

1. 20. forbad the marching watch, Wriothesley adds to a similar 
account, that the sheriffs had made their preparations, 'and had noe 
knowlege till two dayes afore Midsommer that y' should not be kept, 
which was a great losse to pore men' {Chronicle, i. 100; and ii. 3 for 
Gresham's revival). Another contemporary, after mentioning that there 
was to be no solemn watch on Midsummer night, continues : ' at which 
some of the citizens of London are not a little dissatisfied.' letters and 
Papers, XLV. XI 44* 

1. 32. some at temples. Stow describes one such, made in 1564, in his 
Summarie for 1566 (f. 275) thus : ' This yeare, thorough the earnest sute of 
the Armorers, there was on the Vigile of Sainct Peter a certayne kynde of 
a watche in the Citie of London, whiche dyd onely stande in the hyghest 
streetes of Cheape, Comhyll, and so foorthe towardes Algate : whyche 
was to the commons of the same citie (for the most parte) as chargeable 
as when in tymes paste it was most commendably done, where as this 
beyng to very small purpose was of as small a number well lyked.' 
This is somewhat fuller than the notice as finally incorporated in the 
Annates, There were other watches in 1566 on St. John's eve, and 
in 1567 on St. Peter's eve. These appear to be the last which Stow 
records. 

1. 33. a book, John Mountgomer/s book is still preserved in the 



Notes 285 

City archives at the Guildhall. It is a thin folio of twenty leaves. See 
L 83 for a similar instance of a book presented by W. Patten. 

108y 1. 33. William Seuenoke, For various wills see Col, Wills^ ii. 463, 
and C.P.R. Henry VI, ii. ai6. 

109» 1. 12. monument 0/ death. See note on p. 346. 

112» 1. IX, a Cawsey, Norden refers to it in 1594 ; see Description of 
Essex (CsLxad, Soc). It is described as 'now broken down', in 1735, by 
Farmer in his History of Waltham Abbey ^ p. 193. 

1. 28. a rich coller of golde, &c. * Att this Court [27 Oct. 1545] my 
lorde Mayer brought in and delyvered here in the Court to the handes 
of Mr. Chamberleyn the Coler of Esses lately gevyn to this Cittie by Sir 
John Aleyn, Knyght and Alderman, to be used alweyes and wome by the 
Lorde Mayer of this Cittie for the tyme beyng.' (Repertory 1 1, f. 238, ap. 
Cal. IVillSf ii. 695.) This was at the end of Laxton's year. Sir Martin 
Bowes, who was mayor 1545-6, left at his death in 1566 ' a goodly cross of 
gold set with " perell '* and stone to hang at the collar of gold which the 
Mayor wears at high feasts ' (id, ib,), 

1149 1. 31. Barnard Randolph. His donation was made to enable 
Peter Morris or Morice to bring water by means of his engine from London 
Bridge to Old Fish Street, as he had already done to LeadenhalL See 
Remembranciay p. 553— date Dec. 1582 ; and i. 188 and ii. 3, 11 above. 

116, L 2a the Hole, or two penny wardes. The two lowest wards in the 
Counters, occupied by the poorest prisoners, were so called. See Jo. 
Cook in Greene's Tu Quogue (Hazlitt, Old Plays, xi. 257) : ' Holdfast. 
**U you have no money, you'd best remove into some cheaper ward." 
SpendalL " What ward should I remove in?" Holdfast. "Why, to the 
Two-penny ward ; it's likeliest to hold out with your means ; or if you 
will you may go into the hole, and there you may feed for nothmg." ' 

The two higher wards were the Master's side and the Knight's side. 
So Webster, Westward Ho / Act III. sc. ii : ' Which is the dearest ward in 
prison, Sergeant ? The Knight's ward ? ' * No ! Sir ; the Master's side.' 
And Appius and Virginia, Act III, sc. iv: 'It is thought she shall lie 
neither on the Knight-side, nor in the Two-penny ward ; for if he may 
have his will of her, he means to put her in the Hole.' 

1. 35. Ofte worthy citizen, &c. This no doubt refers to Robert 
Dowe's charity (see Introduction, p. xxiv above). But Dowe provided 
for thirteen almsmen, who received ffi 131. 4^/. apiece, with a gown, 
costing j^2 3J. 4//., every third year. Clode, Early History of the Merchant 
Taylors, \. 162-3. 

117, 1. 15. Hauing thus in generality handled, &c. Stow originally 
arranged his narrative otherwise. In Harley MS. 538, f. 24, he writes : 
'Havyng spoken of the Walls and gates, the ditche, the Castles and 
Towers, and last of all of the bridges, all which for the moaste parte are 
but the outmoste inclosure of this Citye, I am next to towche of the 
Suburbes withoute the walls^ and then retuminge and enteringe the gates, 
whereof I have spoken, there to view how the sayde citie is and hath of 



286 Notes 

old tyme bene devided into wardes, parishes, stretes, and lanes, of prin- 
cipal! governors, inferior maiestrates, other officers, and matters as 
occasyon offerith.' Accordingly he treated first of the suburbs and of the 
Ward of Farringdon Without before he came to Portsoken. See also note 
on p. 365. 

118,1.24. ^ ^o^i^ haue fabuled, A reference to Richard Grafton's 
Manuell^ f. xi, where this legend is given under date 235 A.D. The 
legend comes from Geoffrey of Monmouth. See note on p. 271 above as to 
the course of Walbrook. 

119, 1. 15. wardes^ &c. The earliest list of Wards giving the names 
now in use is one for 1285-6 in Letter-Book A, 209. Farringdon (the 
undivided ward) there appears as 'Lodgate and Neugate'; Langbome 
as 'Langeford'; and Broad-Street as ' Lodingeberi '. A list of 1293 
(Letter-Book C, 12) gives ' Langebume ' and ' Lotheberi' with the addition 
fnodo vocatur Bradestrate, A list of 1320 {Letter-Book £, 124-5) ^^ 

* Bradestrate ' and ' Famdon '. (See also Col. Wills^ i. 702-4.) In earlier 
lists the wards are usually called by the names of the aldermen holding 
them. There is a list of this kind for 1275 in the Hundred Rolls, giving, 
however, ' Bassingeshol,' * Warda Fori,' Colemannestrate, Portsokne, 
Langebume, Douegate, Walebrok, and Comhull. A list for 1230 is given 
in Madox, Hist. Exchequer^ i. 708-9 with a reference to one of 1228 ; the 
whole number of twenty-four already appear, Portsoken and Bassushage 
are alone described by name. A list of about twenty wards, mostly under the 
names of the aldermen, is contained in a document at St. Paul's ; Warda 
Fori (Cheap), Alegate, the Bishop's Ward, and * Brocesgange ' (Walbrook) 
already appear; the document can be dated about 1130 (Hist, MSS. 
Comm. 9th Rep. 66 ; Round, Geoffrey de Mandeville^ 435^)* The last 
list is printed in facsimile in Price's Account of the GuildhcUly p. 16 sqq. 

* Langebrod ' also occurs in the twelfth century (see p. 307 below). The 
division of the wards into a western and eastern group by the Walbrook 
is given in a list of 1346 (Letter-Book F, 143-4)* 

120, 1. 23. a Guild. The Knighten guild of London is known to us 
only through the gift of its soke to Trinity, and the consequent preservation 
of the documents in the Priory Chartulary. Its true character is uncertain, 
and its bearing on the history of municipal institutions in London has 
been disputed See Round, Geoffrey de MandevilUy 307-9, and Commune 
of London^ 97-io5> 221 ; and Gross, The Gild Merchant^ i. 186-8. The 
documents have been printed in Trans, Lond, and Midd, v. 477-93> and 
in Letter-Book C, 73-5, 216-25. See also a deed, ap. Chron, de Rcuneseia^ 
241, Rolls Ser. 

IL 23-4. in the dayes of king Edgar, The Guildhall MS, 122 has 
'temporibus Edgari', whidi supports Stow. But Letter^Book C, 216 
reads 'temporibus Knwti'. Similarly lower down (p. 121, L 20) C reads 
' Knyty, Edgari, et Edredi '. 

121, 1. 28. William king qf England^ &c. In this charter C reads 
G. de Magn. (sc Magnavilla) et R. Delpare^ and Henrico de Both as testes. 



Notes 287 

122, 1. 3. insomuch thatin theyeare ins* 1*^^ date should be 1x25. 
The names of the members of the Knighten Guild should be ^ Radulius 
filius Algodi, Wlwardus le Doverisshe, Orgarus le Prude, Edwardus 
Upcomhill, Blacstanus et Alwynus cognatus ejus, Ailwinus et Robertus 
frater eius filii Leostani, Leostanus Aurifaber, et Wyzo filius eius, Hugo 
Alius Wulgariy Algarus, Secusenne, Orgarus filius Deremanni, Osbertus 
Drinchepyn, Adelardus Home)>itesinne *. In the list of witnesses for ' John 
prior of Derland * read ' John prior de Landa *. Letter-book C, pp. 319-20. 

128, 1. 2. Geffrey Clinton the Chauncellor, The copy in Letter^Book 
C, 220-2 X reads ' Gaufrido Cancellario et Gaufrido de Clinton \ Geoffrey 
the Chancellor is Geoffrey Rufus, who was chancellor from 11 24 onwards. 

124, 1. I. Helianor the gueene wife to king Edward the first, St. 
Katherine*s fell under the priory of Holy Trinity by the deed of William 
of Ypres (quoted in vol. ii. p. 6). In 1255 Eleanor of Provence, the 
queen of Henry III, recovered control, and it was she who refounded 
it in 1273 {Mon. Angi, vi. 694-6). 

1. 14. inhabitants, English and strangers. There were many aliens 
there. Ben Jonson in The Devil is an Ass, Act I. sc. i, writes : 
To Shoreditch, Whitechapel, and so to St. Katherns, 
To drink with the Dutch there and take forth their patterns. 

126, 1. 13. sir Arthur Darae. He had a grant of New Abbey, 24 Aug. 
1542 {Letters and Papers , xvii. p. 399). Stow has preserved, in HarUy 
MS, 544, f. 101, a list of burials at the Abbey from a visitation by 
Clarencieux in 1533.--' In the Chaple of our Lady liethe buried sir T. 
Mongomerye and his twoo wives ; William Belknap, esquier ; one of the 
heires of Rafe Butler Lord of Sudeley and treasurer of England ; more, in 
a tomb one of the dowghters of y^ sayd mongomery which was married 
to one of the mortimeres. Also Alice Spice, sister and heyre to the 
seyde sir Thomas, which had two husbands, first Clement Spice of Blake 
notley in Essex. 

* On the south syde the quier sir Nicholas Loveyn, svme tyme lord of 
East Smithfield, and besyde hym on the fiore his wyfe, doughter to Sir 
William Poultney^. . . . Before the high altar lyeth dame Elizabethe, 
one of the doughters to Edward late Duke of Buckyngham, she was wyfe 
to Robert lord Fitzwatar, Earle of Sussex; and besydes his brother 
George RatclyfTe, second sonn to the sayde lord and lady, which died 
without ysshew ; and ryht before the high altar vnder a stone lieth dame 
Jane Stafford doughtar to Humphrey duke of Bokyngham, and wyfe to sir 
William Knyvet, knight. Also there lyes on the north syde the qwire in 
a tombe Lewes John, esquier, and hb wyfe doughter to the Earl of Oxforde. 
And besydes his tombe lyeth Eleanor dowghter to Lewes John, which 
had foure husbands, to wite John White, sir William Tuell, sir Henry 
Fitz Lewes, and Thomas Garthe, esquier, treasurer to Edward, late Duke 
of Bokyngham. In a chaple without the qwire on the southe syd lieth sir 

* An error : see p. 321 below. 



988 Notes 

Thomas Charles, sometyme Lyvetenaunt of the Tower. Also at the qwire 
dore lay Walter Haywiuxl, secretary to the lord treasurer. Also Elizabeth 
Rowley, gentlewoman. In a tombe in S. Annes Chaple on the south 
syde sir John Mongomery, eldar brother to Sir Thomas ; in the same 
chaple lyeth sir Andrew Cavendysshe and dame Rose his wyfe. On the 
north syde lieth Richard or John Walden, esquire, and Elizabeth his 
wife.' 

186, 1. 22. Goodman • . . Farmers there. Rowland Goodman seems 
to have been a considerable farmer in the eastern suburbs during the 
reign of Henry VIII. Besides Goodman's Fields here referred to, he had 
on 20 Jan. 1535 a lease from the Convent of St. Helen's of lands in St. 
Botolph without Bishopsgate; at the dissolution in 1543 he obtained a 
grant by purchase from the king (Cox, Annals of SL Helens^ 16, 34). At 
his death in Sept. 1547 he also held lands in St. Botolph, late the property 
of the Hospital of St. Mary without Bishopsgate {Inq. /. m. London^ L 95). 

127, L 7. Henrie Jorden^ &c. He was a bell-founder of Billiter Lane, 
and founded a chantry here by will dated 15 Oct. 1468, and proved Nov. 
1470. See Stahlschmidt, Surrey Bells and London Bell^/oundersy 5^71, 
and Cai. Wills^ ii. 543. 

I. 8. John Rotneny^ OUarius^ &c« John Romenye, Ollarius, by his 
will dated 23 April, 1349, left money for St. Botolph's. He and his wife 
Agnes both died in that year {id. i. 425, 555, 623 ; Letter-book F, 187). 
'Olarie' in the text of 1603 is Stow's translation of Ollarius^ a potter; 
but till late in the fourteenth century Ollarius or Poter is the invariable 
description of a bell -founder, which was probably Romany's business. 
See Stahlschmidt, u. j., pp. 2 and 20 (giving the will in full). 

II. 28-9. Garden plotteSy teynter yardes. This alludes to the 
enclosure about 1574 by Benedict Spinola, a prominent Italian merchant, 
of eight acres of land to form twenty tenter-yards and certain gardens. 
In 1584 it was presented as an annoyance to the archers and others. 
But it was shown in reply that the ground had never been commonly 
used for archers, and that Hog Lane was so foul and filthy that none 
could pass there ; Spinola had, moreover, spent much money, and the 
tenter-yards were of great use to the cloth-workers. (Strype, Survey^ 
Bk. II, ch. ii.) The gardens were no doubt the 'Spinilas' pleasure' of 
voL i. p. 166. The tenter-yards by Houndsditch are shown plainly in 
Agas's map of London. 

128, L 33. Gunfounders sumamed Owens, In the Annates (p. 571, 
ed. 1631) Howes inserted under date 1535 : 'John Owen began to make 
biasse Ordinance ... He was the first Englishman, that ever made that 
kind of Artillerie in England ; issue of his name, and the name of Pit 
have continued unto the dayes of King James most ready and excellent 
gun-makers.' 

Robert and John Owen were at work at Houiididttdi before 1531 ; they 
had a grant of the *B^ \ 154a {Utters and 

Papers^ v. 664. jv' 



Notes 289 



129» 1. I. Brokers^ &c. For brokers in Houndsditch see Beaumont 
and Fletcher, The lVoman*s Prizcy Act il. sc ii : — 

More knavery and usury, 
And foolery, and brokery than Dog's ditch. 
And Rowlands, Letting of Humours Blood in the Head Vaine^ 

P- 45 :— 

But into Houndsditch to the Brokers row. 
See also note on p. 361 below. Houndsditch and its neighbourhood are 
still the haunt of brokers and second-hand clothes dealers. 

191, 1. 18. Monumentes . . . Alhallowes Barking. See a paper thereon 
by G. R. Comer in Trans, London and Middlesex^ ii. 224-58. It is there 
suggested that Studenham is an error for Sir Thomas Tudenham, who 
was executed in 1462; but he was buried at Austinfriars (see i. 178 
above). Sir John Stile, draper, was alive in 1526. A John Style, mercer, 
who died about 1505, was a benefactor of All Hallows Barking. In 
Harley MS, 538, f. 44^S John Bolt is styled ' grocer and merchant of the 
Staple '. See also MaskelFs Hist, of All Hallows Barking. 

1. 35. fohn Crolys and Thomas Pike, John Croke (see voL i. 131, 
1. 3) founded a chantry here in 1477. Pike is an error for Thomas Pilk, 
who founded a chantry in 135 1 {Cai, Wills^ \, 645 ; Maskell, u,s, 16). 

L 37. Sydon lane, ' Shyvethenestrat ' in 1257 (Anc, Deeds ^ C. 1202), 
'Syvidlane' in 1259, ' Sivendestrete ' in 1291, 'Syvethenelane' in 1329, 
' Sivedenelane ' in 1334, and ' Syvedonlane ' in 15 16 {Cai, Wills^ \, 2, 
101,352,400, ii. 630). In a patent of 131 2 it is called ^Sevyng lane' 
(C,P,R. Edw. II, i. 481). It is now Seething Lane. 

182» I. 10. Richard Cely and Robert Cely, They were merchants of the 
Staple in the time of Edward IV. Their business correspondence is 
preserved in the Record Office, and has been in part published by the 
Royal Historical Society. Richard Cely the elder was patron of St. Olave's ; 
he died in 1481 ; Richard the younger {d, 1494) and Robert were his sons. 
They lived in Mark Lane, in St. Olave's parish. A present of a vemide, 
or copy of St. Veronica's handkerchief, to St. Olave's Church by Robert 
is recorded (Cely Papers^ pp. xlviii and 4 ; Povah, Annals of St, Olave^ 
p. 22). 

1. 12. John Clarentiaulx, Probably Sir John Arundell. 

1. 16. Chapone, Peter Capony, or Capponi, died of the plague, 
Oct. 27, 1582, aged 32. His monument, with a kneeling effigy, describes 
him as ' Petrus Caponius. Florentinus ' (Povah, Annals of St. Olaue, 94). 
Referred to as * Piero Capony a gentleman of Florence ' in Acts of Privy 
Council^ X. 67. 

1. 23. Cokedon hall. It occurs in 1316 and 1342 {CcU, Wills^ 
i. 262, 468). 

1. 39. Galley halfe pence. In a churchwardens' account book sub 
anno 1 52 1, appears the entry 'Resaved for ij vnces of galy-halfepenys 
sold this yere vjj. \\\)d.\ N, and Q,, 4th sen ii. 344. Stow's authority is 
Letter-Book I, f. cbc. 

n U 



290 Notes 



L 30. Sporiar lane, of old time so ealUd. ' Sporieres lane ' in 1395 
and 1354,' Water lane' in 1459, and 'the lane sometime caHed Sporyets 
lane now called Water lane ' in 1513 [Cai. Wilts, i. 133, 619, ii. 619). 
184, L 34. EdwaUrs. Strypc corrects to ' Edward Waters '. 

186, L 3. John Tate. In Harley MS. 538, f. 46, 'son to Sir John Tate, 
sometyme maior of London, was theyre buried in the sayd cbaple of 
W. Hariot, vnder a tombe in the northe wall now defoced, sir Christopher 
Draper, Ironmonger, maior of London, 1566, deceased 1580.' 

I. 31. Passtkts vikarfft. 'Pesokes wharf' and a tenement called 
'Homeres keys' appear as the property of William Harendon in 1448 
{CaL Inq.p. w. iv. 336). 

187, II. 35-6. Hos^tall . . .founded by R^Aert Denton. It was founded 
as stated, but proving impracticable, was changed in July, 1378, to 
a bequest for a Chantry-priest at St. Katherine's by the Tower {Moh. 
Angl. vt. 708-9; Cal. Inq. p. m. ii. 307). Stow here follows Leiand 
(Collectanea, i. no); he is more accurate in his own note on vol. ii. 
p. 143- 

1. 33. Cobhams Inne, As belonging to Sir John Oldcastlc in right of 
his wife, who died scind of it in 1434 {Cal. Inq. p. m. iv. 38, 155). 

138,1.31. Mislresse Comewallies. ' Prindpall Place' inSt. Katherine, 
Cbristchurch, wbich had formerly belonged to Evesham Abbey, was 
granted to Edward and Alice Comwallis by Henry VIII, in Sept. 1540 
(letters and Papers, xvi. p. 55). Alice Comwallis died seiied thereof on 
Jan. 8, 1556. Her son, Thomas, sold it in 1563 to Nicholas Throckmorton, 
who died there on Feb, 13, 1571 {Inq.p. m. Land. i. 143, ii. 143). The 
paddings are not mentioned in the grant, but the story is illustrated by 
items of Henry's expenditure, e.g. on Oct 36, 1530 — ' To the wife that 
made the Kingpodings at Hampton CoTte, \]s.-vn]d.' {Letters and Papers, 
T. p. 753, cf. also pp. 749, 750, 7S8). 

I. 39. Belaettars lane. Stow is right as to the older form, but wrong 
as to the derivation. Belieters means be II -founders ; the first person to 
be described as 'belyeter' is William Burford of St Botolph without 
AWgate in 1390 {Cal. Wills, ii. 301). But the lane is called * Belieters- 
lane'in 1398, and ' Belleyeterslane ' as late as 1468 {id. \. 134, ii. 543). 
SeealsoStahlscfamidt, 5«m}' J^//fawi/Zoffi/>»t BtUfounders,p^.i,%,^; 
and notes on p. 388 above. 

1S9, 1. 39. Tims much for the bounds. In the foregoing description 
Stow has in part followed a statement in the Trinity Cartulary {Guitdhall 
MS. 133, f. 13): ' Praeterea sciendum est quanta tit ista Soka, cujus fines 
tales sunt. A porta de Algate usque ad portam BaUy Tunis, que nuncu- 
patur Tungale, et tota venella vocata Chykcnlane versus Berkynchurche 
usque ^d cimiterium, excepts una domo viciniore cimiierio, el iteram 
redditur eadcm via usque od ecctesiam Sancti Olavi, ei tunc redditur per 
riculum qui tendit ad ecclewam de Colemansrhurche, deinde versos 
FenchuTch usque ad domumbrasogcam.ubi nunc habetur sign um Columbe. 
Extitit itaque ibi olim viculu* -^Mtem ibatur usque ad domum Teol 



Notes 291 

iilii Ivonis Aldermanni in Lymestrete, qui viculus nunc obstructus est quia 
suspectus erat pro furibus nocturnis, et ideo, quod nbn ibi patet via, 
redditur iterum per viculum versus capellam Sancti Michaelis, et sic 
versus Lymstratam ad domum Ricardi Canel, et deinde itur per vicum 
juxta ecclesiam Sancti Andree usque ad ecdesiam Sancti Augustini juxta 
murum Trinitatis. Deinde usque ad portam de Algate.' 

< Teol ' should be ' Theobald *. < Trinitatis ' in the last line is probably 
an error for * ciuitatis '. 

140, 1. 12. in the parishes of. Stow translates from the Trinity Cartu- 
lary, ff. 25-6 : ' In parochiis sancte Marie Magdalene, sancti Michaelis, 
sancte Katerine, et beatissime Trinitatis, que nunc una est parochia, 
scilicet Sanctissime Trinitatis, que antiquissime extitit Sancte Crucis.' 

For supposed ruins of St. Michael's in 1789 see Gent, Mag. Library^ 
xvi. 56-7. 

1. 16. The Priorie was builded^ &c. Stow has fallen into a con- 
fusion. The deed which he quotes does not relate to the site of the 
Priory, but to a plot of land on the opposite side of Aldgate Street. By 
this deed, dated July 7, 13 14, the Prior and Convent ' confinnaverunt 
Johanni de la Mar«he civi London, quandam placeam terre cum per- 
tinenciis in parochia Sancte Katerine versus Algate London., que quidem 
placea terre jacet in long^tudine inter vicum regium, quo itur versus 
Algate, juxta capellam sancti Michaelis versus Aquilonem et terram 
Johannis Page versus austrum, et continet in eadem longitudine iiij^' iij 
ulnas et dimidium et j quartarium, et dimidium quartarii unius ulne de 
ulnis ferreis domini Reg^s ; et jacet in latitudine inter murum cimtterii 
dicte capelle versus occidentem et terram Willelmi Manhale versos 
orientem, et continet in eadem latitudine in capite Aquilonis xv ulnas et 
Unum quartarium unius ulne et tres polices, et continet in capite australi 
a terra domini Johannis Cokermuth versus orientem usque ad venellam 
vocatam Bellezeterlane versus occidentem xlviij ulnas unum quartarium 
et dimidium quartarii unius ulne.' The rent was to be 53X. 4//. annually. 
This is from the Trinity Cartulary, u, s, f. 44. 

141, 1. 7. according to their estates. In Harley MS. 538, f. 48, Stow 
continues : Mn so moche that as eny man mowght come into theyr 
church to prayer, so mowght they enter the hall at meale tymes and fill 
theyr bellyes, and at all tymes of the day come to the buttre and sellar 
and have breade and drinke, or to the kitchen in the fore none and re- 
quire of the coke a peace of befe, which shuld be given hym roste or 8od 
on his knife or dagger's poynt, and so to beare it abrode, whither he 
would for himselfe and his frinds. The liberalite of this house, as I have 
hard and partely sene, is rather to be wondered at than reviled of them 
that have not sene the lyke.' 

1. 8. monuments. There are lists in Harley MSS. 6033 and 6069. 
The former reads for *Heningham' Hemmyngham, and for 'Charcam' 
Charchand de Mille ; the latter Mannyngham, and Charthano de Mille. 
Both have I^ycke for 'Nucke*. For *Beringham' Bermyngham or 

U 2 



292 Notes 

Bernynghatn. In 6069 Margaret Chenie's second and third husbands 
are called Thomas Breus and William Burcestnr (Bemers and Burcestur, 
ap. Anc. Deeds, A. 7356) ; for * Hailing ' read Helmyng ; and for ' Auesey ', 
Anestie. Stow has copied a list in HarUy MS, 544, f. 66^^ 

1. 24. Henrie Fitzalwine . . . 1213. See note on p. 315. 

1* 37* ^^<^ ^o sir Thomas Audley. On April 9, 1534. {Letters €md 
Papers^ vii. 587 (10).) 

142, 1. 36. Monuments, A list in Harley MS, 6069, f. 30, supplies the 
variants : ' Sir Thomas Fleming, knight. Lord of the Rowles in Essex' ; 
* John Good ' ; and 'Sanche * for * Sewch ' (p. 143, 1. 4). 

148, 1. 13. S, Andrew Vndershaft, In deeds of Prior Norman (d, 1 147) 
the Church is St. Andrew 'ad sanctam Trinitatem* (Anc, Deeds ^ A. 
333S) 7285). Later it was usually called St. Andrew, ComhilL In 1361 it 
is called St Andrew Aneknappe (atte Knappe), or ' on the hill ', from knap^ 
O.E. cnaePy the top of a hilL St. Andrew ' atte Shafte ' occurs in 1477 (Col, 
Willsy ii. 30, 583). For the history of the church see a paper by Mr. Philip 
Norman in Transactions of the St, Pouts Ecclesiological Society^ vol. v. 

maigin. Chaucer, chance of dice. No such poem appears in Stow's 
own edition, nor amongst Chaucer's accepted wor^s. Professor Skeat 
has, however, identified this verse with the sixth stanza of an anonymous 
poem entitled Chance of the Dice in Fairfax MS, 16, f. 194. He says 
further : ' the poem is certainly not Chaucer's, but it may be Lydgate's.' 
The Fairfax MS, supplies the following corrections : line 2, ' floon ' 
(■•arrows) for * flying ' ; line 4, * when that* for * when ' ; line 6, * crokke ' 
(■■crock, a round paunch) for 'croke'; line 7, 'dokke* (» cluck) for 
' doke '. ' Crowdeth ' in line 6 means presses forward. See The Chaucer 
Canon^ p. 126. 

144, 11. II, 12. neighbours and Tenants, In Harley MS, 538 the text 
continues : ' of the sayd houses and alley, over whose dores and gate . . . 
dined, gathered to them more strengthe,' &c. 

1. 20. as he tearmed it. Stow, in Harley MS, 538, wrote ' as they 
termed it*. 

1. 25. the Baylife of Romfort, Wriothesley has * taylor of Raynes- 
ford in Essex ' (Chronicle^ ii. 19). But the Greyfriars Chronicle has simply 
' one that came from Romford ' (Monumenta Franciscana, ii. 221). 

145, 1. 37. Hugh Offley, * Deceased 1594 ', Harley MS, 538. He died 
Nov. 26, 1594 (Inq,p, m. Lend, iii. 224). 

146, L 3. one faire greate house. It came to Sir Edward Wotton with 
his wife Hester, daughter of William Pickering the younger {Ing, p, m, 
London^ iii. 24o>3). Sir William Pickering the elder had a grant of the 
site from Henry VIII in 1538 (Letters and Papers, jm. Pt. ii. 491 (18)). 

1. 9. Robert Beaie, A member of the old Society of Antiquaries. 
He died in 1601, and was buried at All Hallows on the Wall. See 
i. 176. 

1. 12. The Papey, The original documents show that the Hospital of 
le Papey was really founded (or refounded— for the brethren of St. 



Notes 293 

Augustine are mentioned in 1365, ^nr. Deeds^ A. 3373) in 1442 by Thomas 
Symmineson or Symson, William Cleve ('Oliver ' is a misreading, derived, 
as it would seem, from Leland, ColUcta$uay i. 1 11), William Bamaby, and 
John Stafibrdi priests. It was for the benefit of priests disabled by age or 
sickness. A contemporary refers to : ' Pappy Chyrche on the Wall be- 
twyne Algate and Bevysse Markes. And hyt ys a great Fratemyte of 
prestys and othyr seqular men. And there ben founde of almys certayne 
prestys, both blynde and lame, that be empotent ; and they have day 
masse, and xiii>/. a weke, barber and launder, and one to dresse and 
provyde for hyr mete and drinke ' {Collections of a London Citizen ^ p. viii. 
Camd. Soc.). The patronage of the church belonged to the soke, which 
Queen Matilda gave to Trinity Priory ; in the fourteenth century docu- 
ment, where this is recorded, it is called ' ecclesia sancti Augustini Pavie 
super murum ' (Lansdawne MS. 448, f. 8). St. Augustin de Pavy occurs 
in 1 41 7 (see p. 297 below). Trinity was a priory of Augustinian Canons, 
and St. Augustine's relics were preserved in the church of San Pietro at 
Pavia (Papia)— held by the Augustinian canons of Mortara from 1221. 
This probably explains the name 'Papey' as used to distinguish St. 
Augustine on the Wall from the church of St. Augustine of Canterbury by 
Paul's Gate. In 1170-87 the church b simply St. Augustine 'super 
murum' : in 1252-3 we get ' Parochia Sancti Augustini Pappay ' (Guild- 
hall MS. 122, f. 508). For an account of the Papey by T. Hugo see Trans, 
Lond. &* Midd. v. 183-221. For the ' Liber Papie ' see note on p. 297. 

L 30. Buries Markes, corruptly Beuis markes. A Bury chronicler 
refers to the abbot's house at ' Burys markys ' about 1470 {Memorials oj 
St. Edmunds, iii. 299). But ' Bewesmarkes' occurs in 1407, and ' Bevys 
Marke' in 1450 {Cal. Wills, ii. 372, 518). It was granted to Sir Thomas 
Heneage in 1541 {Letters and Papers, see xv. 942 (118), xvi. p. 715). 

147t 1. 21. Thomas Mollington, Lord of Wem in Shropshire in the 
time of Henry IV. See Eyton, Shropshire, ix. 178. A list in Harley MS. 
6069, f. 25 has ' Thomas Molington, baron of Wem '. The same list gives 
John Tyrrell for ' Tirres ' (L 20) ; Brosted for ' Brosked ' (1. 28) ; and 
Condorow for ' Couderow ' (1. 29). 

^ 339 34- Skeuington and Milbome. In Harley MS. 538 the 
dates of death, viz. 1524 and 1539, are given. 

1489 maigin. These poyntes not performed. Munday {Survey, p. 157, 
ed. 1633) says that Stow was mistaken, and that Milbome's will contained 
no bequest of bread and coal, but provided for Almshouses only. See 
also Strype, iL ch. iv. 

L 34* Lard Lumleyes house. Crutched Friars was granted to Sir 
Thomas Wyatt on July 10, 1540 {Letters and Papers, xv. 942 (49) ; for his 
messuage called * Pekes Gardeyn ' in 1540, see Anc. Deeds, A. 12598). 
John, sixth Lord Lumley, who died at Lumley house in 1609, was 
a member of the old Society of Antiquaries. The Navy Office was here 
in Pepys's time. 

149, 1. 7. Monte Joues or Monasterie Comute. Homechurch Priory 



294 



Notes 



or Monasterium Cornutum was founded by Heniy II as a cell to the 
Hospital de Monte Jovis, on the Great St Bernard. Richard II granted 
it to William of Wykeham for New CoU^e, Oxford. (Afovi. AngL vi. 
652-3.) Stow follows the Trinity Cartulary (GuildkaU MS. 122, £ 35) 
for the grant of this site. 

1. 15. made into bowling Alleys, In Dec 1553 ' the Lord Maior and 
the sheriffes went to these three common bowlinge allies, that is to say, 
Northumberland alley by Algate, St. Nicholas shambles alley^ and an 
alley in the Old Baylie ; and with mattockes dki breake and digge up all 
the said alleys * (Wriothesley's Chronicle^ iL 105). Three years before 
the Mayor and Sheriffs 'rode to the bowlinge allyes and play-houses at 
Pawles wharfe and by Aldgate', and broke up the tables, and sent the 
players to the Counters {id. ii. 43). See more on bowling alleys on 
p. 368. This Northumberland House is to be distinguished from another 
in Aldersgate (p. 343). 

L 36. Blanch apUton. * Blanches appeltuna' in the soke of Robert 
de Vak)niis (de Vaux) occurs in 11 77 (Anc. Deeds^ A. 7295). A part of 
the manor came to the family of Ros of Hamelake with one of the 
co-heiresses of John de Vaux in 1288 (Col. Inqtdsitions^ ii. p. 404 — ^new 
ed.). Another part belonged to the Bohuns, Earls of Hereford. The 
name was finally corrupted into Blind Chapel Court, through the inter- 
mediary Blanch Chapulton. 

160» 1. 3. Mart lane. It appears as ' Marthe lane ' from the beginning 
of the thirteenth century down to 1280 ; for the next two hundred years 
* Marte lane ' is the usual form. ' Marke ' is a corruption of the sixteenth 
century. {Anc, DeedSy A. 2679, 7354» 7820 ; Col. Wills, \, 50, ii. 613, 689.) 

1. 5. Basket makers^ &c By order of the Court of Common Council 
on October 12, 1464. See Archaeologia^ xxxii. 131, quoting, somewhat 
inaccurately. City Record, ap. Jor, Cooke, No. 7, f. 43. 

L 19. Limestreete, of making or selling of Ume, This is confirmed 
by the occurrence of Ailnoth the lime-burner of 'Lim Strate' in the 
twelfth century (Anc, Deeds, A. 11559). 

1. 37. diuerse fayre houses. Lime Street was in Stow's time a good 
residential quarter. See quotation on p. 338 below. 

151, L 2. the kin^s Artirce, I am unable to identify the reference 
or explain the word. It is 'Artirce' in Harley MS, 538. Possibly it 
may be an error for 'Artirie*. 

1. 6. belonging to the Lard Neuill, see note on p. 295. 

1. 13. Benbriges Inne, In Holand's will called Penbridge*s Inn {Col. 
Wills, ii. 525). Probably the house which Sir Richard de Pembridge 
or Pembrugge held in 1375 (Col, Inq, p. $n, ii. 348). 

L 33. Lord Sowches Messuage. The k>rds Zouch of Harringworth 
had a hospice in St Andimr piiifi^ ' < LmMttnte'y 1381-1415 {Col, 
Ing.p,M.uutL%.i 
16S^ n. i|K. \^t 52"^: <a fayre 




Notes 



295 



1. 9. ike greene gate. It fell to the crown in 1391 by the death of 
Michael, son of Simon Pistoyc {Cal. Inq. p. m. iii. 140), and was granted 
on December 34 to Roger Croppehulle and Thomas Brounflete (P.Jf. C, 
Richd. II, V. 12). Henry IV granted it on March I, 140E, "> Thomas 
Walsyngham [id. Henry IV. iii. 409). Malpasby his will — proved May 8, 
1468— left his great place in Comhill and Lime Street to his daughter 
F.liiabeth and her husband, Sir Thomas Cooke. Cooke by his will — 
proved June I, 1478 — left 'Greene Gale' to his wife, with remainder to 
his son Philip (Orridge, Illustrations of Jcuk Cade's Rebellion, II, 18). 
Possibly, however, ' The Green Gate ' had been forfeited through Cooke's 
troubles in the reign of Edward IV, for on April 28, i486, Henry VII 
granted it to John Forester (Campbell, Materials Hist. Henry VJl, 
I. 417). Sir William deRyvers was a Breton in the service of Henry VH, 
and Master of the King's hawks. (Chron. Land. 2o3, 349, 251.) John 
Mutas or Meauiys was French secretary to Henry VIII ; for the sack of 
his house in 1517, see Letters and Papers, ii. 3304. David Woodrofife 
was seized of ' The Greene Gate ' at his death in 1 563 {Inq. p. m. Land. 

168, L I. Leadrn Hall. The earliest mention is in 1296 as 'La 
Ledene halle' (Cal. Wills, i. 128). It occurs as 'la sale de plom' in 
lyaiLii.de AnI. I.egg. 349; 'aula plumbea' in Ann. Lond. 127), and 
in 1331 when inspectors were appointed for the poultry- market there 
{Mun. Gild. II. i. 305). In 1345 there is reference to ' Ledenhalle gardyn' 
belonging to Sir John Neville {Letter-Book F, 86), and in the will of 
William de Kyngeston (see below) in 1 375 there is a note of a tenement 
called 'le ledenhall' formerly belonging to Sir John Nevill (Cal, Wills, 
ii. 173 ; translation in Strype, ii. ch. viii). 

I. 33. The Hortcmill. Apparently a building which included tene- 
ments belonging to several persons. In 1353 Peter de Blithe disposed 
of rents issuing from tenements called ' le Horsmelne ' ; in 1 370 William 
Bysshop bequeathed shops belonging to ' Ic Horsmille ' ; a share in 
the Horsemill was included in the lands which William de Kyngeston 
gave to St, Peter's Comhill in 1375 ; and in 1413 William Barei left his 
share in a tenement, 'le Horsmelle,' to the church of St. Dunstan in the 
East(Ca/, fKiV/j, i, 674 ; ii. 139, 173, 396). 

166.1. 32. Carts 0/ Stratford. The London Chronicle, ap. /r<ir/r)' J/J. 
540, f. 7, has the following under 1527, with reference to another time of 
dearth ; ' Ye bread cartes y' came from Stratford to London were melt by 
ye way at Myll ende by ye ciljsens of London, y' ye mayr and ye shrives 
were fayne to goo and reskue them, and se them brought to ye markyies 
apoynted.' This is reproduced by Stow in his Annales, p. 904, ed. 
1605. 

167,1. 5. comfort of the Citixens. In Harley MS. 538, f. s 5". Slow 
adds : * He dyd more than ryde about the market and away.' 

I. 21. a Baker named John of Stratforde. See Utter-Book D, 311, 
and compare for bakers of Stratford, Mun, Gild. I. 241-3, III. 413-29. 



296 



Notes 



L a6. / read in the visions of Pierce Plowman. Stow's version^ 

written as prose, b inaccurate. The text as given by Professor Skeat, 

FiiTS Plowman^ vol. i. p. 402, 11. 266-71, is as follows :— 

There was a earful comune ' whan no carte come to toune 
With bake bred fro Stretforth * tho gan beggeres wepe, 
And werkmen were agaste a litel * this wil be thoujte longe. 
In the date of owre drv^te * in a drye Apprile, 
A thousande and thre hondreth * tweis tnretty and ten, 
My wafres there were gesen ^ * whan Chichestre was maire. 

The reference to John Chichester fixes the date as 1369-70. John 
Malvern, whose name Stow puts in the margin, was author of a continua- 
tbn of Higden's Polyckronicon from 1346 to 1394 (Diet Nat. Biog. 
xxxvi. 8). The description of him as author of Piers Plowman is an 
error due to the obvious connexion of William Langland with Malvern. 

160, 1. 39. S. Marie at the Axe. It occurs as St Mary del Ax about 1 200^ 
and this is the regular form throughout the thirteenth century (Anc^ Deeds^ 
A. 2416, 2425, 2447). In the Rotuli Hundredorum it is called Sancta 
Maria apud /^, atte Ax, atten Ax, atte Nax. As S. Mary de Ax it was in 
the patronage of the Nuns of St Helen's in 1303 (Afun. Gild II. i. 236). 
In 1 514 the parishioners in a petition to the king declared that 'the 
Churche ys in soo great decaye that y^ ys lyke every day to fall downe ', 
and 'the parson ys departyd frome the same Churche where it pleasethe 
hym and left the parishyns withoute any maner of devyne service '. They 
b^ged for assistance on account of their poverty, and because the ' said 
poore Church ys honored by kepyng of an holly relyke an axe, oon of the 
iij. that the xj.m^ Virgyns were be hedyd w^ all, the whiche holly 
relyke as yett remayneth in the said Churche' (Bills signed 5 Hen. VIII, 
No. 79, ap. Gent. Mag. Library^ xvi. 45-6; cf. Letters and Papers y 
L 4993). After the suppression of St. Helen's the decay grew worse, and 
ultimately on March 3, 1561, St Mary Axe was united to St. Andrew 
Undershaft (Hennesey, Novum Repertorium Lond. 94). It is impossible 
to reject Stow's statement that there was a house with the sign of the 
Axe dose by; but the house may have borrowed its name from the 
Church ; or it may be that the name was the cause and not a consequence 
oC the relic An alternative suggestion is that the name ' axe ' was due to 
the proximity of a stream ; but for this there is no proof (see N. and Q. 
9di ser. X. 425, xL no, loth ser. L 90). St Mary * Pellipariorum ' occurs 
as a heading in the Trinity Cartulary, and occasionally elsewhere. 

101, L la Grey a Pothecarie. Presumably Balthasar Gwercye, or 
Gaenye, the physician {Diet. Nat. Biog. xxiii. 316), who at his death in 
1557 owned ' the house of preistes of the brotherhed of the Holy Trinite ', 
and messuages in St Mary Axe (Inq.p. m. Land. i. 144). 

169; L 5. imsi hmmdes o/Aldgate—set note on p. 29a 
L 15. gtmmii kttm. In 1539 the Churdiwardens of St. Martm's 
fiid %L 13J« 4A ^l» Aft Maaten oC Piqipe, for the porchase of the 
> Mft^^ JfcjImtfiWi efMmuun^ &c^ p. 247. 




Notes 



1.21. thi fratemiiy of Papie. The ' Liber Papie ' consists only of 
eleven leaves, Dow Cotton MS., Vltellius, F. xvl, fT. 1 1 3-33, which suifered 
teiribly in the lire of 1731 ; the loss is in part made good by a partial 
transcript written about 1550 in Harley MS. 604, f. 11. (Both the MSS. 
seem to have been in Stow's possession.) The grant from the mayor on 
f. 119 of the Cotton MS., though imperfect, corrects Stow's transcript: 
'Be hit remembered that where nowe late the maister and wardeyns of 
the firatemitee of Pappey haue made a brykc walle closyng in (he Chapell 
of Seint Austyn culled Pappey Chapcll sette in the paroch' of all saintes 
in the walle in the warde of lymestreie of the citec of London, ffrom the 
south est comer of the which brike wall is a Skuncheon of xxj fote of 
assise from the said comer westward. And from the same Skuncheon 
there to a mesurage of Iv. fote aJid di. weslward. The forsaid Skunchon 
brekith oule of lyneright southward beiwixe the mesures aforesaid three 
fote and v. ynches of assise vpon the comyn ground of the Citee aforsaid. 
Rauf Vemey maire and thalderroen of the same Citee the xxij*'' day of 
Octobre the yere of the reigne of Kyng Edward the fourth the sixth 
granted vnto John Hede, I'rest, maister, John Bolt and Thomas Pachclte, 
also Preestes, wardeyns of the Sratemitee of Pappey aforsaid and their 
successours for euermore, the said Skuncheon which brekith oute of the 
Brike walle aforsaid and Is sette ihre fooie and v, ynches vpon the comyn 
gtQunde like as it is abouesaid. To haue and to holde the same withoute 
any interupcion of the said maire and aldermen or their successours . . .' 
The 'skuncheon' or triangular projection of the wall is clearly shown in 
Agas's map. From f. 1 zo it appears that the master and wardens employed 
Thomas Hardyng, citizen and Scrivener, lo write the book in Sept. 1477. 
Additions carrying on the history, with lists of the brethren, were after- 
wards made. The chief documents with two facsimiles are given in 
Hugo's account— see p. 293 above, 

laa, 1. 5. one large messuage. The hostel of the Earl of Oxford near 
Bishopsgaie street is mentioned in 1348 (Col. WilU,'\. 513). Richard de 
Vere, nth Earl of Oxford, had a messuage 'in parochiaS. AugustiniPavy' 
in 1417, as also hb mother in 1401 {Cai. Jug. p. m. iii. 177, iv. a6). John, 
13th Earl (d. ISI3J, had a house described as ' Bevesmarkes' in ward of 
Lime Street (Jng. p. in. Lomi. i. 30). John, 14th Earl, died in 1S36; 
his second sister and co-heiress, Eliiabeth, married Sir Anthony Wingfield 
{d. 1553), father of Sir Robert {d. 1597), who was living here in 15S7 
\Cal. State Papers, 1 581-90, p. 395). 

164, 1. 34. the ditch. On Agas's map the ditch appears dearly, 
and is shown to widen here to a point where a stream flows Into it 
&om the north. On Faiihome's map {prepared 1643-7) the ditch has 
completely disappeared. See further Anhaeotogia, Ix. 197-300 with 
illustrations. Recent excavations have proved the accuracy of Stow's 
statement as to the filling up of (he ditch with soilage and other filthiness 
(id. Ix. 302). 

1. 37. purchased the patronage. From a document in Lttler-book F, 



M 



298 



Notes 



154, it appears that on Oct. 15, 1346, the House and Order 'Fratrum 
milicie beate Marie de Bethlem* were taken under the protection and 
patronage of the Mayor, Aldermen, &c, of the City of London. See also 
Letter-books F, 163, and H, 338, where it is claimed in answer to a royal 
writ that the patronage and appointment of a keeper rested with the Mayor 
and citizens. In 1406 Henry IV again claimed the patronage and right 
of visitation (C. P. R. Henry IV, iii. 231). 

166» L 10. ba$die ofdeepe ditch. In the foundation charter of Bethlehem 
Hospital mention is made of the 'fossatum quod vocatur Depediche' 
{Mon. Angi, vi. 622). Recent excavations revealed a part of its course 
near Blomfield Street, and showed it as a deep, sluggish, stagnant stream. 
It was ten feet below the base of the original Walbrook, which was 
somewhat further west. It is the stream referred to in the last note but 
one. See Archaeologia^ be 206-7 with plan. 

166, 1. I. Fishers folly. It is to this large and sumptuously-built 
house that Fletcher must refer in The Nice Valour, Act v. sc. iii. :— 

Moulbazon, Is't possible such virtue should lie hid, 

And in so little paper? 
Lapet. How! . . . 

Your Herring^ proved the like, able to buy 

Another Fisher's Folly. 

The commentators have, however, interpreted this as an allusion to a 
tract written in 1624 by the Puritan George Walker, in his controversy 
with Piercy, a Jesuit, who was known as Father Fisher, and entitled : 
Fisher's Folly unfolded^ or The Vaunting Jesuites Vanity discovered, 
Pardy on this ground Dyce and others have held that The Nice VcUour 
was left incomplete by Fletcher, who died in 1625, and finished by 
another hand (Dyce, Works of Beaumont and Fletcher, x. 363, and A. H. 
Bullen, ap. Diet, Nat. Biog, xix. 309). But clearly Walker was punning 
on Jasper Fisher's notorious building. 

Jasper Fisher, son of John Fisher, was warden of the Goldsmiths' 
Company in 1567 (Prideaux, Memorials of the Goldsmiths, i. 68). He 
purchased six gardens of Sir Martin Bowes, on which he built his house. 
He died on February 28, 1579 (Inq. p. m. London, iii. 20). In 1588 
William, son of Thomas Comwaleys, purchased Fisher's Folly from the 
Earl of Oxford {Col. Hatfield MSS., iii. 376-7). In May, 1594, Mr. 
Comwallis of Fisher's Folly was suspect of Popery (CaL State Papers, 
1591-4, p. 503). He was still living there in 1598 (see p. 241 above). Sir 
Roger Manners purchased it before 1603. After him the Earl of Argyll 
dwelt there : ' the Lord of Argyll's house, called Fisher's Folly, offered 
to the East India Company— held unfit for their service' (Col. East 
Indies, p. 368 — Jan. 10, 161 5). Then it passed to the Marquis of 
Hamilton, who died in March, 1625 : *■ His body was carried to Fisher's 

^ The name of a book. Perhaps an allusion to A Herrings Tayle printed in 
1598. 



Notes 299 

Folly, his house without Bishopsgate' (Co/. State Papers^ 1623-5, p. 697). 
After this it was the residence of William Cavendish, second Earl of 
Devonshire, who died there in 1628 (Survey^ p. 175, ed. 1633), and of his 
widow, Christiana {d. 1675), ^^^ entertained Charles II there in 1660 
{Gent. Mag. Library ^ xv. 1 7 1 ). Part of the site was occupied by a Baptist 
meeting-house, whence Samuel Butler (Hudibras^ Pt. Ill, canto ii. 894) 
refers to ' The Rump ' as representing : ' But Fisher's Folly congregation.' 
Fisher's Folly stood on the site of Devonshire Square, Finsbury. See 
Wheatley, London Past and Present^ i. 503, and ii. 47-8. 

For ' Spinilas pleasure ' see note on p. 288 above. 

' Kirkebyes Castell ' is explained by a letter from William Fleetwood 
to Burghley, in which he wrote, on July 21, 1578: 'John Kirby that 
buylded the fayre howse upon Bednall Greene is ded, so is Fairfax and 
Bower, all riche men. They died of surrfaite' {JLamdowne MS. 26, 
f. 191^*^). Strype identifies it with ' that now called the Blind Beggars 
House ' (Survey t iv. ch. ii). Kirby may be the Kirkbie named on vol. i. 
p. 228 above. 'Megses glorie' was probably a house in the same 
neighbourhood, for the Meggs family were connected with St Mary 
Matfellon (Strype, u. s,). 

171» 1. 26. William Basing Deane of paules was the first founder. 
Stow has made some confusion. About 1212 Alard, the dean, and the 
chapter of St. Paul's, made a grant to William, son of William, the Gold- 
smith, to establish Nuns at St. Helen's. The Canons of St. Paul's had 
held the Church of St. Helen's for many years previously (Cox, Annals of 
St. Helen*Sy 4-6, 359). There was no dean called William Basing. On 
the monuments at St. Helen's see Cox, AnnalSy &*c., 57-74. John 
Langthorpe should be John Leenthorp (or Leventhorpe). The date of 
William Bond's death was 1576. 

L 38. purchased by the Companie of the Lethersellers. Henry VIII 
granted it in 1542 to Sir Richard Williams, alias Cromwell (nephew of 
Thomas Cromwell, and great-grandfiither of the Protector), who sold it 
to Thomas Kendall in 1544. Kendal was a leatherseller, and no doubt 
purchased for hb company, to whom he at once demised the property 
(Inq.p. m. Land. iii. 143 ; Letters and Papers^ xvii. 220 (95)). On Leather- 
sellers Hall see Gent. Mag. Library^ xv. 296-8. 

178, 1. 18. since the which time^ &c. Sir Bartholomew Rede dwelt 
in Crosby Place in 1501-2, and Sir John Best in 1516. After him Sir 
Thomas More, who, on Jan. 20, 1523, sold his lease to his friend Antonio 
Bonvisi of Lucca (see Diet. Nat. Biog. v. 365). Bonvisi acquired the 
reversion in 1542 (Letters and Papers, xvii. SSl (17)), and on April i, 1547, 
demised Crosby Place to William Rastell and William Roper, who m 
turn surrendered their interest to Benedict Bonvisi and German Ceo or 
Cy oil. Rastell, Roper, the Bon visis, and Cyoll all left England in 1 549-5^^ 
Crosby Place was thereupon seized to the King's use (Wriothesley's 
Chronicle, ii. 34). Afterwards it was occupied by Thomas, Lord Darcy. 
Bonvisi returned in the reign of Queen Mary^ and died seized of Crosby's 



300 Notes 

Place on Dec. 7» 1558. German Cyoll and his wife Cicely, daughter of 
Sir John Greshanii lived there from 1560 to 1567, when he sold it to 
William Bond (d. 1576). The French ambassador was living there in 
1592. Bond's sons sold it in 1594 to Sir John Spencer. In Feb. 1601, 
Crosby Place, the house of Sir John Spencer, ' being very large and he 
seldom using it,' was suggested as suitable for the reception of the Earl 
of Mar. Sir Walter Ralegh was living there in the following September 
{Hist. MSS. Camm. Hatfield MSS. xi. 88, 382). It was prepared for the 
reception of the Due de Biron in the same year (Acts Privy Council^ 
xxxii. 190). See Inq. p, m, Loftddn, i. 114-6, 183, ii. 200, iii. 133-4; A 
Memoir of Crosby Place^ by T. Hugo, ap. Trans. Lond, ondMidd. i. 35-55 ; 
Gent, Mag. Library^ xv. 249-66. For an account of seven original 
documents relating to Crosby Hall see N, and Q, loth ser. viii. 30 ; they 
are dated 1552-67, the last being the sale by German Cyoll to William 
Bond. 

174, 1. 20. Alice Smith. The notice of her benefactions was inserted 
in the edition of 1603 on p. 580 as an addendum. It is now put in its 
intended place. 

L 38. well with two buckets. See note on p. 301 below. 

1769 L 24. grate of Iron. See note on p. 334. 

176, 1. 17. as large an house, builded, &c. It had been lately built by 
Sir William Paulet, when in April, 1540, he obtained a grant of part of 
Austinfriars. Another part of the site had belonged to Thomas Cromwell, 
and was granted in 1543 to Sir Thomas Wriothesley. Paulet eventually 
acquired the whole, receiving a grant of the upper part of the church in 
1550 {Inq.p. m. Lond. iii. 283-6). 

177» 1. 39. There lye buried in this Fryers church. An article on 

Austinfiriars by T. Hugo, in Trans. Lond. and Midd. ii. 1-20, includes 

a list of burials compiled from Harley MSS. 544, if. 66 and 68^®, and 

6033. It furnishes the following variants from Stow's list, p. 178, 1. 5, 

Hyndercke or Hynndemole (for Linderide) ; 1. 1 1, Graynsers or Greynfers; 

1. 17, Walter Maynell; 1. 19, Sir Bartholomew Badlesmere (probably 

correct) ; 1. 21, Merventon ; 1. 28, Talmache ; 1. 35, Chybury ; 1. 35, Peter 

Morowes; L 36, Berland; Chitting; 1. 37, Chomott; 1. 38, Howche; 

p. 179, 1. I, Attepole (i.e. de la Pole) ; 1. 7, Boell ; 1. 7, Mawney (Mauny 

is correct); L 7, Deskay. A third list is in Harley MS. 6069, L 23. 

Harley MSS. 544 and 6033 give the epitaph of Lucia de Visconti, 

beginning : — 

Magnifice nata Bemabensis ecce Lucia, 

Mediolanensis olim darissima proles. 

179, 11. 38-9. that . . . to forget themselues. Stow wrote in Harley MS. 
538, f. 62^^ : ' Of this unconscionable dealynge of hym, wherein he forgate 
hymselfe.' 

180, 11. 14, 15. Lethbury . . . now corruptly called Lothbury. See the 
longer passage on i. 277, and note on p. 334. 

11. 22, 23. an hout£ ^ertaymng to the Abbot of S. Albons. Edward 



Notes 301 

Keacher or Ketcber, pewterer, purchased the Abbot of St. Alban's Inn 
from the grantee at the dissolution, and when he died in Jan. 1563, left 
it to his son John, the Alderman Catcher of Stew's text (Inq. p. tn. 
London^ ii. 38). 

1. 29. saint Martin called Oteswich. John de Oteswich founded a 
chantry here in Dec. 1331, for his father William and others (C.P.R. 
£dw. Ill, ii. 230; cf. id. Henry IV, iii. 56). A Martin de Ottewich 
occurs in connexion with the church about 1346 {Anc. Deeds^ A. 2683). 
But the name is much older ; St. Martin Otteswich'occurs in 1216 (see note 
on ' Finkes Lane ' below), and Otheswych in 1222 (Anc, Deeds^ A. 2698). 
The Alfwin Fink who held land in St. Martin Otteswich (id, A. 2658) may 
be the same as the alderman of 11 80 (Madox, Hist. Exchequer^ i. 562). 
Machyn (Diary ^ 175, 211, &c.) refers habitually to St Martin Oteswich 
as ' Sant Martin's with the well and ij bokettes'; see also vol i. pp. 164, 
174. For a similar list of burials see Harley MS. 60691 f. 54, reading 
'Wodehouse' for 'Woodroflfe' (p. 181, 1. 2). For the tomb of John 
de Oteswich see Cough, Sepulchral Monuments^ and for inscriptions, 
Gent. Mag. Libr. xvi. 42. For extracts from Churchwardens' Accounts 
see J. Nichols^ Illustrations of Manners^ &c, vjo-^ The site is now 
39 Threadneedle Street. 

1829 1. 2. after some Record. See Memorials y 183-5 \ Letter^Book 
E, 269. The date was 10 May, 1331, i.e. the fifth (not the sixth) oi 
Edward III. Yakesley is a better form than Yakley. 

1. 38. Finkes lasu^ &c. Stow gets his information from a series of 
Charters in Cotton MS.^ Faustina, B. II, f. 80— the Cartulary of the Nuns' 
Priory at Clerkenwell. Rosamond, daughter of James Finke, gave to the 
Priory in 12 16-7 her stone house in the parish of St. Benet Finck, and 
tenements in St. Martin Oteswich . The Priory regranted them to Robert, 
son of Robert Finke. 

188. 1. II. William Coolby. The list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 55, reads 
* Wclbye '. 

1. 15. the little Conduit ^ called the pissing Conduit. So Middleton in 
A Chaste Maid in Cheapside, Act ill. sc. ii : 

Come along presently by the Pis^ing-conduit, 
With two brave drums and a standard-bearer. 

In Henry VI ^ Pt. 2, Act iv. sc. vi, Cade says : ' Now is Mortimer lord 
of this city. And here sitting upon London-stone, I chaige and command, 
that of the City's cost, the pissing-conduit run nothing but claret wine this 
first year of our reign.' 

184, L 21. one of the Proctors for saint Anthonies^ &c. The pigs of 
St. Anthony were privileged. But the Renter of the Hospital had to 
swear that he would not claim any pigs wandering in the City, nor hang 
bells round the necks of any which had not been given to the hospital in 
pure alms. Other pigs were such a nuisance that at an early date men were 
appointed to kill all that were found loose in the streets (Mun. Gild. I. 
590-1, and Preface, p. xlii ; Letter-Book D, 251). 



302 Notes 

186» 1. 24. sir John Lepingtcn. Apparently the same person as the 
Sir John Lenthaine of vol. ii. p. 83. 

1. 25. Alderban a Gascoyne. No doubt the ' Aldebrand Gascone, 
Lombard ' of 1376 {Letter-Book H, 27). 

U. 26 and 34. Cafell and Bame. The dates of death, viz. 15 19 and 
1557, are added in Harley MS. 538. 

186, 1. 3. Margaret Nofford. Margery de Nerford founded a chantry 
here in 1407 (C. P. B., Henry IV, iii. 292, 316). 

1. 4. /oAn Claueringy 1421. His will, dated 8 Jan., enrolled 31 May, 
1422, includes donations to St. Christopher's Church, but no bequest of 
lands (Co/. Wills, ii. 429). 

L 7. had taken the Mantell and ring. It was a common custom for 
a widow to take a vow of chastity, and thereon to receive in church the 
mantle and ring. Cf. Cely Papers, p. 88 : ' On the xxvij day [27 March, 
1482] whos Byfelde berryd, and the morrow Herby hys whyfe toke the 
mantell and the rynge.' For a description of the ceremony at the taking 
of the mantle and ring, see Liber Pontificalis of Edmund Lacy, Bishop 
of Exeter, ed. R. Barnes. 

1. 16. John Norryholme, The list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 55, reads : 
* John Norrye, — Holme.' 

187. 1. 14. Bippers of Rye, In 1384 an ordinance was made concerning 
foreigners called ' Ripieres ' bringing sea-fish to the city for sale ; they 
then occupied the Stocks. Elsewhere there is reference to * les Ripiers 
qi amesnent pessoun del mier a la cite', distinguishing them from the 
' Peters ' or fishers in the Thames (Letter-Book H, 234). 

188, 1. 25. but now no such matter, &c. In Harley MS. 538, f. 65^® : 
'A great comoditie, if the sayd water were mayntayned to come at every 
tyde some reasonable quantitee as at the first it dyd ; but since the same 
is almoaste altogether ceased, through whose defaute I know not.' The 
text of 1598 stopped short at 'Stockes Market' (see p. 243 above). The 
notice in the Annates (p. 1171, ed. 1605) agrees very nearly with the 
Harley MS. In another place {Harley MS. 540, f. 123) Stow writes : 
' The Standart at Ledenhall is to be reformed or pulled downe ; it standeth 
as a shadow, or rathar a playne mockery yildinge no comodytie to the 
Citie, suche as was promised, but contrarywise it comberith the strete 
with the let of cariage.' 

Middleton in Michaelmas Term writes : ' I tell you what I ha' done. 
Sometimes I carry my water all London over only to deliver it proudly at 
the Standard.' 

189, 11. 18, 19. brake vp . . . the Tunne. On 18 April, 1299, pardon 
was granted to the persons of the City of London who broke the Tun 
(tanelli) erected for the punishment of suspected persons wandering about 
the city at night (C.P.B. Edw. I, iii. 408). The breaking of the Tun 
seems to have taken place in the previous summer (Letter-Book B, 74-5); 
the fine of 20,000 marks was remitted on payment of 1000/. {id. C, 38). 
It 19 ^U|7pu8 (Itat the original in B has *cuiusdam dolei', and in C 




Notes 



303 



' pro condooatione raacoris sui pro Tactione [/ractione) cuiusdam doley.' 
The Tun is called dolium in Letter-Book H, 339. Neither Stow nor 
his authorities explain the incident; the persons concerned were all 
aldermen. 

190, 1. 10, punishment of Priests in my youth. One may suspect 
here a covert allusion 10 the different treatment of a minister in later 
times. In 1563 the minister of St. Mary Abchurch was caught in adultery 
with another man's wife and taken to Bridewell. ' his breche hangynge 
aboute his knes, his gownc and his (kyvar knave) hatt borne afRar hym 
with myche honor ; but he lay not longe ther, but was delyveryd with owt 
punishment and still injoyed his beneffyssis. They were greatly blamed 
that apprehended hym and comitted him' (Memoranda^ lif). On this 
latter incident see also Machyn, Diary, p. 310. At the end of Letter- 
Book I, there is a long list of the punishment of priests taken in adultery. 
See also Letter-Book H, 339, for a record of the custom in [3S8-9. 

101, II. 4, 5. prison . . . called a Cage. So Dick the butcher said of 
Jack Cade ; " his father had never a house but the cage.' Henry VI, 
Pt. 3, Act IV. sc ii. 

L 30. saith Robert Fabian. This passage does not appear in the 
printed continuation of Fabyan's Chronicle, and must have been derived 
by Stow from his manuscript. See Jntroduclion, p, xiocv. 

margin, a man . . . that had sworn foolishly against his brother. 
Referring to John Stow's quarrel with his brother Thomas. See Intro- 
duction, pp. xviii, xix. 

192, I, 35. the Royall Exchange. Slow in his Memoranda (pp. 134-5) 
has this note: 'The xxij day of February, 1565, beynge Friday, the 
howsys nerc to y* Conduit in Comhylle, abowt y* nombar of Ix housholds, 
poore and rychc, were cryed by the bell man abowte y" citic of London 
to be solde to them that wowld gyve moaste for them, and remeve the 
same from thens, that in the place y" marchaunis mowght buyld iheyr 
bursse. Thos howsys were dyverse tymes so cryed and at y* last solde, 
and they begane 10 pull downe y* same shortly aftar owr L.ady day in 
Lent. In y" pullynge doivne wherof dyverse persons were sore hurt and 
ij in great peryll of deaihe ; and by Whitsontyde next fbllowynge in 1 566 
y* same howsys were all pullyd downe and y* grownd clearyd ; all whiche 
chargis was borne by y* citizens of London, and then possessyon given 
by sertayn aldarmen to Syr Thomas Gressham, who layed y* fyrst stone 
(beynge bryke) of y' fowndacion on y* vij day of June, beynge Friday, in 
y" aflar none next aftar Whilson halydays, belwen 4 and 5 of y» ckike.' 
On lands in St. Michael, Comhill, taken for the site of the Royal 
Exchange, see Churchwardens' Accounts, pp. 213, 217, 233. 

183, 1. 17. the Pau'tie. It was a covered walk on the south side of (he 
Exchange. The word is derived from the Dutch paitdl, originally meaning 
a covered cloister, and now used for a store or shop. In the Remem- 
brancia(p. 530) there isreference to the Pawne or Exchange built at Durham 
House in the Strand in 1608. The Exchange, and the Fawne in parti- 



304 Notes 

cular, was famous for the sale of fine silks and draperies. Webster, 
Westward Hoi Act li. sc. i : 'You must go to the Pawn to buy lawn.' 
Rowlands, in A Crew of Kind Gossips^ p. 13 : 

One of them gave me this same ruffe of Lawne, 
It cost three pound, but laste week in the Pawne. 
Middleton, A Chaste Maid in Ckeafiside^ Act i. sc. ii : 'As if she lay 
with all the gaudy-shops in Gresham's Burse about her.' 

194. L 14. a tedfle. The inscription is given by Weever in his Funeral 
Monuments^ p. 413, by Strype, and in Trans, Lond. and Midd, iv. 301. 
According to Strype the original dated from the time of Edward IV. It 
was destroyed in the Great Fire. The story of the foundation of St Peter's 
by Lucius appears, in Letter-Book I {Memorials^ 651-3), in 141 7, when it 
was decided that the Rector should have precedence among the City 
clergy, because his church was for four hundred years and more the 
Metropolitan See. On 'Archbishops of London' see Stubbs, Reg. Sacrum 
AngliccmuMy pp. 214-5. '^^^ Lucius legend (which Stow describes at 
more length on ii. 135) first appears in the Uber Pontificalis not later 
than 700 A.D. Thence it found its way into general circulation through 
Nennius, and Bede's EcclesiasticcU History. See art by Prof. Haverfield 
ap. Eng. Hist. Rev. xi. 419. The church of St. Peter ' binnon Lunden' 
is mentioned in a charter of Bishop /£Mnc about 1040 (Kemble, Cod. 
Dipi, dcclix). 

1. 30. This Library. Leiand in his Collectanea^ iv. 48, has a note 
of four manuscripts ' in bibliotheca Petrina Londini '. 

1. y^.foure Grammar schooles. See Rot. Pari. v. 137, and note on 
William Lichfield on p. 331 below. 

196, 1. 6. William Kingston. The reference to the Horsemill makes 
it clear that William Kingston, fishmonger, who left tenements to 
St. Peter's in 1375, is intended (Col. Willsy ii. 173; compare i. 153 and 
note on p. 295 above, and Hist, JIfSS. Comm. 6th Rep. 409). 

1.13.^ Brotherhoode of Saint Peter. For a register of the Fraternity 
of the Guild of St. Peter on Comhill see Hist. AfSS. Comm. 6th Rep. 
407-18. The grant, on April 26, 1403, was to William Aghton, parson of 
St. Peter's, Richard Rybrede, John Bury, and Peter Mason ; Askham and 
Brampton took part in the establishment of the Fraternity, but there is 
nothing to connect it with the Fishmongers. The Ordinances are printed 
in the Report, u.s. Mason died Dec. 20, 141 2. Foxton founded his 
chantry in 1391. Richard Manhale (see i. 195, 1. 6), who died in 1410, 
was another benefactor. See also Cat. Wills, ii. 286, 384, 397, 494, and 
CJ'.R. Henry IV, ii. 260. 

1. 20. Elrington. According to the inscription given by Strype 
'Eriington', ob. Feb. 16, 1558. 

1. 23. Alnothus. See Chron. Evesham, 75: ' Alnod, sacerdos, dedit 
ecclesiam beati Michaelis in Comehalle London.' This was in 1055. 

1. 34. Elizabeth Peake. The records of the Drapers' Company under 
date Aug. 14, 1518, note the burial 'this day of Mistress Elizabeth Peke, 



Notes 305 

widow, from the Crane in the Vintre'; the Company lent their 'best 
beryall clothe ' and ' every of the vj berers had a sylver spone for his 
labor' (London Past and Present y iii. 377). 

196, 1. 2. blemished by the building. In 1548 the Wardens of St. 
Michael's sold the Church plate, weighing 322 ounces, for 84/. 5 j. 4//., and 
with the proceeds bought ten chambers or dwellings in the Churchyard. 
The sale of vestments and ornaments in the two following years realized 
151/. 5 J. 7^., and in 1551 thefe was a further sale of 660 oz. of plate for 
222/. 17 J. \od. These sacrilegious gains were then spent in building the 
new houses in the Churchyard, of which Stow justly complains. The 
entry to the church from Cornhill was through one of the houses, and the 
use of back-doors and windgws proved such a nuisance that in 1855, 
when new leases were granted, openings in the south wall were pro- 
hibited (Churchwarden:^ Accounts of St. MichaePs, Cornhill^ ed. Overall, 
pp. 69-70, 77-80, 90, 91, 98, 217-18, 231, 290). 

1. 10. Bell named ^ Rus\ In 1587 'Rus' was recast by Lawrence 
Wright at a total cost of 65/.,^ to weigh 31 cwt. 56 lb. The bell soon 
wanted repairs, and did not give satisfaction. Next year it was decided 
that ' Rus ' should be recast, though ' to stay tell somer come y^ she 
may be conveniently cast '. A new founder, Mr. Motte, was employed, 
and the bell recast at the cost of 21/. 17^. 5//. There was also paid 3/. 2j. 
for copper for ' Rus ', and 3/. 12s. ^d. for tin, besides smaller items such 
as a shilling ' for a company of musicions to take a noate of the same bell '. 
' Rus ' now weighed 34 cwt. 42 lb. Ten years later it was proposed to 
recast *' the great bell Rous ', but agreed to ' let it rest a while and use it as 
it is '. Ultimately in 1600 Motte recast the bell again to weight 30 cwt. 
108 lb. ; after allowing for the old metal the cost was 11/. 2j. 2^., ' and so 
we are content to make it up xij li. by reason he casted it so often.' An 
unsatisfactory bell seems to have been cast in 1 599. As Stow hints, the 
fault was not entirely with the founders ; in 1597 orders were given ' for 
the bells with fewer men to be rong' (Churchwardens^ Accounts^ 176-80, 
245, 252-4). From the statement on pp. 244-5 &bove it will be seen that 
in 1598 ' Rus' was broken, and 'therefore not rong as heretofore'. The 
charge for 'a knyll w^ Rus' was Zs. (id. 178-9). On Robert Mot, the 
bell-founder of Whitechapel, see Stahlschmidt, Surrey Bells and London 
Bell'founderSy 91-2. 

1. 36. William Comerton. Probably identical with the William 
Combarton of vol. i. p. 228. Cf. Cat. WUlSy ii. 385-6. 

197, 1. 24. Robert Fabian. He died on 28 February, 1513 (Inq.p. m. 
Lond. i. 29). The original draft in Harley MS. 538, f. 67^^*, reads : 
' Robart fabian, draper, one of the shryves and alderman of London in 
the year 1491 (sic). He wrote a chronicle of London, England, and of 
France, beginning at the creation and endynge in the third of Henry 
the 8, which both I have in written hand.' Dr. Busch has suggested 

^ There seems to have been some dispute over this, see p. 245. 

STOW. II X 



3o6 



Notes 



that Stow must, by speaking of ' both ', have! intended to distinguish the 
' Chronicle of London ' and the *• Chronicles of England and France '. 
If so, the former may have been the lost work coming down to 1 512, and 
omitting the extraneous portions of the original. It should, however, be 
noted that a line has been drawn through the word 'London' in the 
Harley MS. Fabyan styled his original work, which ends at 1485, The 
Concordanu of Chronicles. Richard Pynson published it in 1516 as The 
new Chronicles of England and of France. 

See further, Introduction^ p. xxxv and notes on pp. 275, 280, 283, 303 
and 365-6. See also the Introduction to my Chronicles of London^ 
pp. xxviii-xxxi and Busch, England under the Tudor s^ i. 410. 

I. 34. Richard Gamam^ &c The original draft in Harley MS. 
538, f. 67^<*, reads : ' Elizabeth Peke, widow, who gave the patronage or 
gyfte of benefice to the drapars of London, buried vnder a tombe of 
marble in the belfrey, 1518. Richard Gamam, Skynner, in the belfrey, 
1527* Edmond Trindle, draper, and Robert Smythe, dothworker, my 
godfathers at the font. William dixson, draper, and Margaret his wyfe, 
which Margaret was my godmother. In the cloyster : Thomas Stowe my 
graundfather, and his wife my graundmother ; Thomas Stowe my &ther 
and Elizabeth my mother.' See Introduction^ pp. vii, xlvi, xlvii. The 
Churchwardens^ Accounts (p. 146) have under 1559 the entry: 'Res. of 
M" Stowe for here husbandes grave in the Cloyster, \]sJ 

188, 1. 2. fohn Tolus. In 1548, Lodge, Heade and Bolde record the 
receipt of 61. 10s. fh>m ' M' Tolloz, Allderman', for half a year's rent. 
There is no record in the Churchwardens* Accounts of any charity of 
his, but in 1563 the Vestry ordered ' a certaine brasse potte which was in 
the keping of the late Mr. Tolorge' to be demanded of his executor 
(pp. 231, 87). 

L 13. Philip Gonter. Gonter or Gunter, skinner, was elected 
Alderman of Portsoken Ward in 1569, but discharged at the request of 
the Earl of Leicester and Cecil, not 'only from serving the office of Alder- 
man but also fh>m that of sheriff and collector of any fifteenths or subsidies 
upon payment of ;£400.' He died on Feb. 15, 158} (City Records, ap. 
Churchwardens* Accounts^ p. 231). See also below. 

II. 38-9. Burcheouer lane . . . now corruptly called Birchin lane. 
The most usual form from 1260 and a century after was Bercherverelane, 
but it appears also as Bercheners lane and Berchemerelane (Cal. Wills ^ 
L 7, 74, 286). Berchenes-lane occurs in 1301 {Mun. Gild. I. 242), and 
Berchen-lane in 1430 (Co/. Willsy \\. 489). 

For drapers in Berchin Lane see Middleton, Blackbook (Works^ viii. 
29). ' Passing through Berchin Lane amid a camp-royal of hose and 
doublets.' 
Rowlands, The Melcmcholie Knight^ p. 21 : 

Come traveler from Turkey, Roome, or Spaine, 
And take a sute of trust in Birchin Lane. 
188* LTg.ane great hauu, &c. Philip Gunter at his death owned 



Notes 307 

three tenements in Comhill, in one of which 'commonly called the 
Sarazens Heade he dwelt, being on the west part of the Back Alley or 
approach of the tenement or wine tavern commonly called the Popes- 
heade'. He lived here before 1538, and purchased the property of 
George Monox in 1553. {Inq.p. m. London^ i. 52, iii. 58.) The tenement 
next ' le Popyshed ' in Lombard Street was the property of Sir William 
Eastfield, mayor in 1436-7 {Anc. Deeds ^ A. 644, 12276). The Popes 
Head was bought by George Monox from Sir Henry Owen in 1 51 7 {Jitters 
and Papers^ xv. 806). John Wolfe, who published the first edition of the 
Survey^ had his shop in Pope's Head Alley. 

200» L 9. Langbome warde. Stow's ' long borne ' is a myth based 
on the supposed meaning of the name. Mr. J. £. Price (Sirfe Deposit^ 
25) has shown that the levels alone make it impossible that such a 
stream should have existed. Like other wards Langboum took its name 
from its chief street. Geoffrey the alderman of ' Langebord ' occurs in 
the twelfth century (Anc. Deeds^ A. 5853). St. Edmond in ' Longbord 
strete ' is mentioned in a document of the fourteenth century, which may, 
however, have followed one of the twelfth century (Lansdattme MS. 
448, f. 8). In 1252 some property opposite to the cemetery of St. Mary 
de Neucherch (Woolchurch) is described as lying between the street 
running to ' Longebrod ' on the north and a lane on the south {Cai. 
Charter Rolls^ 1.407). In 1285 and 1312 the street is called ' Langbume- 
strate' (CW. WillSy i. 74, 226). The ward appears as' Langeford' about 
1285, but 'Langebum' in 1293 (iV/. i. 702-3). The name 'Lombard 
Street ' first appears in 1318, when a tenement there was granted to the 
merchants of the society of the Bardi at Florence {C.P,R. Edw. II, iii» 
246) as described by Stow in vol. i. p. 201 . Lombards or Langeberdes 
were resident in London in the twelfth century ; Meinbod and his son 
Picot the Lombard are mentioned in documents at St. Paul's {Hist. 
JIfSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 67). . ' Lombard ' was used at an early date as 
a generic name for bankers or money-dealers. 

1. 14. Share borne lane. Like the ' Lang borne ', the ' Share borne ' 
rests solely on Stow's conjectural etymology. The name first occurs in 
1272 as ' Shitteborwelane ', and so continues for two centuries with varia- 
tions like ' Schiteboroulane *, and ' Shiteburgh lane ' (Watney, Account 
of St. Thomas Acon^ 289 ; Co/. Wills^ i. 13, 162, 171, 220). * Shirborue- 
lane' appears in 1467, and 'Sherborne Lane' in 1556 (iV/. ii. 586, 666). 
See also vol. r. p. 14 above. 

L 21. for suspition of theeues. See note on pp. 290-1. 

1. 24. Fenne-church, The derivation is obscure. There cannot 
well have been any fen here, though the statement in Lansdowne MS. 
448 f. 1 1 that the ' Ecclesia de Fancherche ' had belonged to the 
Knighten-guild may conceivably suggest some connexion with the Fen 
or Moor outside the city. There may, on the other hand, have been a 
hay-market (faenum) here, as well as near Allhallows ad Faenum in 
Dowgate. The form Fanchurch is common both in early deeds and 

X 2 



3o8 



Notes 



in the sixteenth century. See also N. and Q. 8th ser. xii. 201, and loth 
ser. ill. 181. 
201, L 3. Lombard streete. See note on Langbornei on p. 307. 

IL 39-31. John Darby . . . buried about the yeare 1466, In his will, 
dated 17 Feb. 1478, and enrolled in Oct 1480, he directed that he should 
be buried in the Chapel of St. John at St. Dionis, lately built by him, and 
bequeathed his hostel Me Belle and le Chekyr on the hoop' in Fen- 
church St for the endowment of chantries there. (Cat. Witts^ iL 580; 
cf. ii. 195 above.) There is a note of him sub anno 1468, in Fabyan's 
Chronicle, 

202. 1. 7. Alhallowes Grasse church. Brithmer, a citizen, gave it as 
All Hallowes ' Gerscherche ' to Christchurch, Canterbury, in 1054 (Man. 
Angl. L 97). It is called All Hallows ' Graschurch ' in the Trinity Cartu- 
lary in 1251 (Guildhall MS. 123, f. 257). Harley MS. 538 reads : ' The 
register bokes and monuments sometyme belonging to the late dissolued 
priory of the Holy Trinity within Aldgate so calleth it, bycause the Grasse 
market went downe that way, and was there kepte, but the strete was then 
broder.' 

L .27. the George. It is clearly identical with ' our great hospice in 
Lombard Street', which Edward III granted to St. Stephen's, Westminster, 
on 6 Aug. 1348 {Mon. Angl. vi. 1350, compare Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 
56 a, dud^Anc. Deeds, A. 13428). In 1402 the Greek ambassadors were 
entertained at the sign of St. George in Lombard St. {Q. R. Wardrobe 
Accounts — ap. Wylie, Henry IV, iv. 303). ' The George ' Inn is several 
times mentioned in the Pas ton Letters between 1472 and 1505 (viz. v. 144, 
vi. II, 172). For the inn in 1596 see Ing. p. m. Lond. iii. 238. For Earl 
Ferrers see i. 100 and note on p. 283 above; 'Lombard Street' is not 
mentioned either in the Gesta Henrici or by Hoveden. William de 
Ferrers, Earl of Derby (^/. 1249), had his house in St. Lawrence Jewry Lane 
(Pal. Charter Rolls, ii. 38). 

208, 1. 10. one other. For the house of Sir Michael de la Pole in 
Lombard Street in 1364 see Anc. Deeds, D. 411* 

1. 36. Stane Church. The name is explained by a reference to 
' parochia de Stanenetha ' (stone-hithe) at London in 1 194. (Cartularium 
de Colchester, 298. Roxburgh Club.) ' Stonwarf ' in All Hallows, Barking, 
occurs in 1304 (Cat. Wills, i. 163). See also note on ' Cradocks lane' below. 
204, 1. 3. John Costin, Girdler • . . 1244. No doubt an error for 
John Costyn, girdler, who by will made in 1442 and proved in 1447 left 
property charged with religious and charitable uses for the poor of All 
Hallows Stane Church (Cal. Wills, iL 513). 

L 9. Stiward. The list in Harley MS. 6069^ f. 30, reads ' Steward '. 

1. 17. the Writhsleys, &c. The list of burials at St. Giles was re- 
vised accordingly. See L 299-300 and iL 345, 253 above. Another 
correction as to the burial-place of a Writhsley appears on ii. 39, see 
p. 260 above. 

1. so. Cradocks iSHnifm (1170-87), prior of 



Notes 309 



Trinity, there is reference to ' Stanenchirche in Cradocheslane ' {Anc. 
Deeds y A. 2406). 

1. 24. Scant Nicholas Acon^ or Hacon. The church of St. Nicholas 
was given by Godwyn to Malmesbury Abbey in 1083 » ^^ ^ 1^^^^ deed, 
about 1 1 90, it is called 'St. Nicholas Achim' — ^probably an error for 
' Achun ' {Reg. McUtnesburiense^ i. 5, ii. 12). St. Nicholas ' Hacun ' 
occurs in 1246 (Co/. Charter RoUs^ i. 309) and St. Nicholas 'Acun' in 
1280 (Cal. Wills ^ i. 43). Possibly the name is due to some person like 
Haco the Alderman of 1 130 {Hist, MSS, Comm, 9th Rep. 63, 66). Hacun 
was a not uncommon London surname in the twelfth and thirteenth 
centuries— see Anc, Deeds ^ A. 1070, 1075, 1078. 

1. 27. Francis Boyer \ . . /j^a Munday (p. 233) gives the date from 
his tomb as 14 June, 1 58 1. 

1. 31. Saint Marie Woolnothy &c. Probably, as suggested by Mr. 
J. H. Round {Athenaeum^ 31 March, 1888), the name was due to some 
person called Wulfnoth. Perhaps to the Wulfhoth de Walebroc of 1 1 14-33 
{Chron. Ramsey^ p. 248 ; Cartulary of Ramsey ^ i. 139). Mr. Round has 
noted the form ' Wlnot maricherche' in 11 91; ' WoUenothe Maricherche' 
{Cotton MS,, Faust., B. II, f. j\^^) and *St. Mary Wulnothe Mariecherche ' 
{Anc. Deeds y A. 2461 ) occur not much later. See also note on p. 3 1 7 below. 
206, 1. 5. Cardinals Hat. This tavern was demised by Simon Eyre 
on trust for the purpose stated, to Hugh Brice, who at his death be- 
queathed it with other property for pious uses in St. Mary Woolnoth {Cal* 
WillSy ii. 600, Brice*s will dated 17 September, 1492, enrolled 25 Jan. 
1498). ' Le Cardinals hat ' is mentioned in 1364 {id. ii. 88). 

1. 1 1. John Moager. Called ' Megpre ' in his will, dated 6 Aug. 1429, 
and proved 7 July, 1420. Apparently he was a Comishman {Cal. Wills, 
ii. 422). 

1. 12. Perciuall . . . about 1304, He died 19 April, 1503 {Inq.p. m. 
Londtmy i. 21). 

L 19. Sir Martin Bowes , Maior^ buried about 1569. His will, dated 
10 August, 1565, was proved in the prerogative Court of Canterbury 21 
Jan. 1 56 J. Another will was dated 29 July, 1566 {Cal. WillSy ii. 694-6, 
728-9). The inscription on his tomb gave the date of his death as 
4 August, 1566 {Survey J ed. 1633, p. 224). 

207, L 1 1, this Epitaph. In Harley MS. 538 the full epitaph is given, 
ending : 

Unto this citie in givinge so liberally 

Create substaunce of livelode, wherfore now agre 

To pray unto God that reynethe eternally 

His soule to embrace and take to his mercy. 

He died in October the xxiij 

Of the reigne of the noble sixt Herry. 

L 22. he gaue landes^ &c. The will of John Raynwell, dated 18 
September, 1443, is redted at length in a deed of 2 May, 1466, printed 
in the Report on Foedera^ Appendix C, pp. 22-7. See also CcU. WillSy 



3IO Notes 

ii. 576-7. In connexion with his bequest for the relief of fifteenths the 
following note from the London Memoranda for 1539, ap. HarUy MS, 
530, f. 1 19, is of interest : — 

' Memorandum. That M. Wyllm. Forman, y* tyme beyng maior of 
London, at y* Counsell of the Chamberleyn and of the Allderman of the 
Warde of Dowgate, whyche he was y* tyme allderman of, hys name ys 
M. Cottys, and they concluded y^ the seyd ward schuld pay for a nede 
dude (sic) whyche was left one-payd in y* bookys of the Exchekar many 
yeres afore, the some of viij li. St., the whyche they wolde haue made 
thys warde of Dowgate for to haue pd. hyt And they of y* seyd ward 
seyd playnly they wolde pay none, in so moche y^ the meare oommaundyd 
sertyn of them to y* tower, and ther they ware a day and a ny^t 
They made aunswer y^ they wolde styke to y* will of Master Raynwell, 
for y* ys hys wyll y^ the warde of dowgat shall pay none money for no 
fyveten exsep ther be above iij fyvetens in one yere, and so by y* help 
of god they [paid] none. Deo gradas.' 

Alderman Cottys was, I suppose, John Cotes, who was mayor in 1542-3. 

2O89 1. 27. so called of a Basse, In Samuel Rowlands' Humors Looking 
Glassey p. 29, the country fool goes to see : 

The Bosse at Billingsgate, and Londonstone, 

And at Whitehall the monstrous great Whales bone. 

1. 39. as Robert Fabian writeth. This, again, comes from the MS. 
The printed ContinucUion (p. 685) is bald. In the Vitellius Chronicle the 
notice is rather briefer than that quoted by Stow, but is clearly from 
the same source (Chron, London^ p. 209). Richard de Hakeneye died 
in 1342, and his wife Alice in 1349 (Cal. Wills ^ i. 467, 625). For 
expenses ' for the obyt and settyng upe of the tombe, and buryenge of 
Richard Hackney and Alys his wyff' in March, 1496-7, see Nichols, 
Illustrations of Manners andExpences of Antient Times y p. 88. (Extracts 
from the Churchwardens* accounts of St. Mary Hill.) 
W9t \, 16, Robert ReuelL He gave 200 marks. Nichols, tf. J. 

1. 2a Queenes shippes. This is the reading of Harley MS, 538, and 
is clearly right. Holstocke was comptroller for many years under 
Elizabeth, see Cal, State Papers^ 1 581-90, and Stow's Annates^ 1121, 
1 141, ed. 1605. 

1. 23. S, Margaret Pattens. Stow's derivation seems to be purely 
conjectural : if there were ever any patten-makers here, they were clean 
worn out in his time (vol. i. p. 81). St. Margaret Patynz occurs in the 
time of King John {Mon, AngL vi. 624), St. Margaret de Patins in 1272, 
and del Patynes in 1291 (Cat, Willsy i. 20, 96). In the list of 1303 it is 
S. Margaret Patynes. It is doubtful how far pattens were in common 
use so early : Ducange has a quotation of * patina' in 1256, but the first 
notice of patten-makers in London seems to be in 1379 (Letter-Book 
H, 135). The name might be due to a benefactor, as in so many other 
cases : Ranulph and Robert Patin are mentioned in twelfth-century deeds 



Notes 311 

at St. Paulas (Hist. MSS. Camm. 9th Rep. 62, 63). See also N. and Q, 
9th ser. xii. 170, 253. 

210» 11. 7-9. Roape Lane . . . Loue Lane* It occurs as ' Love Lane 
formerly called Roppelane ' in 1393, and as ' Roperelane now Love 
Lane' in 1455. ^^ 14^^ there is reference to * le Stuehous* in Love-lane, 
in St. Mary Hill parish {Cai. Wt'l/s, ii. 311, 464, 536). The last instance 
indicates that in this case, as in that of Love Lane, Cripplegate, the name 
was due to wantons (cf. L 396, above) . I have not found ' Lucas-lane * ; 
but Walter Lucas, baker, of St Botulph Lane occurs in 1310 {Letter-Book 
B, 230). See also N, and Q. loth ser. v. 302. 

1. 22. Marpor. In Harley MS, 538, his Christian name, Nicholas, is 
given. 

1. 29. SouthuckentoHy L e. South Ockendon in Essex. 

1. 37. Rother Lane^ or Red Rose Lane. * Rederesgate ' is mentioned 
on a deed of Prior Norman (d. 1147) of Trinity {Anc. Deeds, A. 7309). 
Later instances are the lane called ' Rederisgate ' in 1279, ' Rede Rose 
lane' in 13 18, ' Retheresgates lane* in 1322, 'Puddyng lane otherwise 
Retherlane' in 1372 (Cat. Wills, i. 44, 278, 299, ii. 153). 'Finches 
Lane' caUed Pudding Lane in 1398 (Cat. Inq. p. m, iii. 255). 'Fynkes 
lane now called Puddyng lane' in 1449 {Anc. Deeds, A. 1723); cf. Cal. 
Wills, ii. 535). ' Retherhethe Lane alias Podding Lane' in 1553 (Inq, 
p. m. Land. ii. 51). Simon Puddynglane, a baker, occurs in 1375 (Mun. 
Gild III. 423). 

211, 1. 25. Mercers and Haberdashers. For a list of tenants on the 
bridge in 1633, see Gent. Mag. Library, xv. 308-9. They were chiefly 
Haberdashers, with some Mercers and Silkmen. 

212, L 5. Henry Yeuele Freemason. In his will, dated 25 May, and 
enrolled 28 October, 1400, he is described as * mason, citizen and freeman 
of London ' (Cal. Wills, ii. 346). For accounts of Yevele or Yevely, the 
greatest English architect of his day, see Trans. Lond. and Midd. ii. 
259-66, Diet. Nat. Biog. hiiii. 321, and Lethaby, Westminster Abbey, 

1. 7. William ^ram/Zo^, stockfishmonger, February 1407 (Cal. Wills, 
ii. 368-9). 

1. 12. Robert Blanch. Robert Braunche in his will ; he died June 4, 
1567 (Jnq, p. m. Lond. ii. 64). Harley MS. 538, f. 70^®, reads : * Robert, 
Braunche, 1567, with this epitaph following : 

As nature yelds vs birth and lyf, so death draws on by kynde : 

By deathe ageyne through faythe in Christ etemall lyfe we fynde. 

A profe behold by me that ded enioy my mortal breathe 

Full 50 yeres and 8 therto, and then gave place to deathe. 

Of the company of girdelars ire I was, and Robert Braunch by name ; 

I was lyke yow and now am erthe, and you shall be the same. 

Six children now supply my place, my soule is in the skye ; 

God send to them and the good life, and eke in Christ to dye.' 
L 13. John Couper, &c. Stow corrects an error of his first edition 
(see p. 246 above). In Harley MS. 538, f. IV^, he wrote: 'Also lohn 



312 Notes 

Cowper, fishmonger, one of the shrives of London in the year of Christ 
1 55 1, was put by his tyme of maioraltie upon some private displeasure of 
his brethren, the aldermen, deceased 1584, and was there buried. Sir 
William Garrard, haberdasher, maior of London in the year of Chriit 
1555, deceased 1571, intheparisheof Seint Christofer by the Stok Market, 
but was buried in this parishe churche of Seint Magnus, because he was 
borne in that parishe, and there babtized.' 

1. 27. William Melker, Presumably the William Melker of East- 
cheap, whose will was proved in 1273 (Cal, IVillSj L 15). 

1. 31. Walter DoggeL Strype gives the epitaph of Walter Dogget, 
vintner, oh, July 19, 1480, and of Alice his wife. Walter Dogget, the 
sheriff of 1380, by his will enrolled January 25, 1388, founded a chantry 
here for himself and his wife, another Alice (Col, Wills^ ii. 263-4). 
Walter*s son John, whose wife was also called Alice, died and was buried 
here in 1403 {id, ii. 354). 

213f 1. I. Grasse Church, St. Benedict de Garcberche in 1181-1204 
{Hist. MSS. Comm, 9th Rep. 4). 

214« 1. 8. Recordes, See note on p. 357 below. 
1. 16. Fishmongers were greatly troubled. These troubles were 
a part of the conflict between the victualling and clothing guilds, round 
which civic history centred during the reign of Richard II. The 
victualling guilds, whose leader was Nicholas Brembre, supported the 
King and Court party, whilst the clothing guilds headed by John 
Northampton sided with the opposition. See Dr. Sharpe's Introduction 
to Letter-Book H. The fishmonger referred to in 1. 24 was Walter 
Sibyle. See also references on p. 393 below. 

216t L 29. thcU he slue Jacke Straw, The London Chronicles (e.g. 
Nicolas, 73-4, and Gregory's Chronicle^ p. 91) state that Jack Straw was 
the leader of the rebels in London, and was killed by Walworth. This is 
also the account of Adam of Usk {Chron, pp. 1-2) and Hardyng (p. 339). 
The continuation of Knighton (ii. 137) states definitely that Jack Straw 
was only a nickname for Wat Tyler. It is possible that neither of the 
names was genuine, but they certainly represent two distinct persons ; 
this is shown clearly in the Rolls of Parliament and in the Chronicon 
Angliae^ 308-9. (See also Anom, Chron. sig-20; Walsingham, //w/. 
Angl, il 9-14.) The man who passed by the name of Jack Straw was 
arrested and tried, as Stow states, some days after the killing of Wat 
Tyler. See Professor Oman's Great Revolt of 1381, pp. 44-5. Dr. F. W. 
Brie has, however, maintained in Eng. Hist. Rev. xxi that Straw and 
Tyler were really the same person. 

216, 1. 30. Eastcheape . . . a flesh Market of Butchers. So Ben Jonson 
in Every Man out of his Humour ^ Act 11, sc. i : * Well, an e'er I meet 
him in the City, I'll have him jointed ; I'll pawn him in Eastcheap among 
the butchers else.' 

217» 1. 4. the kings sonnes . . . being in Eastcheape. This narrative 
probably comes from one of the London Chronicles, but none of the extant 



Notes 313 



copies are so full (see Chran, Land. 341). The Vitellius Chronicle (id, 268) 
adds that as a consequence ' it was ordeyned that neither Tavern ne Cook 
shuld hold open their hous no more after ix of the dok '. (Probably in 
allusion to the regulation made in 141 2 as to closing cook-shops on St. John's 
Eve, ap. Memorials, 581.) The incident helped to give rise to the legends 
of Henry V*s riotous youth, and in that connexion Stow's note of the 
intervention of Chief Justice Gascoyne and the King's pardon is interesting. 

I. 25. he sfeaketh of no siiks. This is an oversight. Lydgate 

writes : 

Then to the Cheap I began me drawne, 

Where much people I saw for to stande : 

One offered me velvet, sylke, and lawne. 

For London Uckpenny see Lydgate's Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) and 
Nicolas, London Chron, 260 sqq. 

II. 36, 37. Candlewright . , . or Candlewicke streete. It appears as 
' Candelwrich strete ' in 1 180-7 (Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. App. 16 6), 
' Candelwiccestrate ' in 1259, ' Candelwrihttestrate ' in 1272 (Cal. Wiils^ 
i. 4, 14). Later it was called Candelwyke Street, and this was corrupted 
to Canwick Street, and ultimately to Cannon Street The transition 
of the name is shown in Nobody and Somebody : ' If my breeches had as 
much cloth in them as ever was drawne betwixt Kendal and Caiming 
Street ' (Simpson, School of Shakespeare, i. 292). Long before Edward 1 1 1's 
time it was occupied by workers of cloth, and especially by ' burellers *, or 
makers of the coarse stuff called 'burel'. In 1279 there is note of a 
' bureller of Candlewystrate ' (Cal, Wills, i. 39 ; and see numerous 
instances in the Mercers Cartulary, 2c^,\^9XxiVj, Hospital of St, Thomas of 
Aeon, 286-8). In 1335 the burellers of Candelwykstrete were in contro- 
versy with the Weavers (Letter-Book E, 291, 297). Cloth of Candelwyk- 
strate is mentioned in 1322 and 1372 (id, 172 ; Cal, Wills, ii. 145), and 
Lydgate, in London Lickpenny, writes : — 

Throughout all Canwyke Street 
Drapers much cloth offered me anon. 
But there were also Wax-chandlers in Candlewick Street from an early 
date. In 131 1 mention occurs of ' John le Cierger de Kandelwikstrate ', 
and chaundelers of Candelwykstrete in 1305 and 1326 (Letter-Books 
B, 163, D, 137, E, 210). In 1371 Thomas de Weston, chandler, refers in 
his will to a tenement in St. Swithin's, which he bad bought of Robert de 
Hatfield, bureller ; and wax-chandlers of Candelwykstrete occur in 1402 
(Cal, Wills, ii. 141, 353). 

For protection granted to foreign cloth workers in 1344 see Letter- Book 
F, 1 1 1 ; and Foedera, iii. 23. 

218, 1. 3a saint Marie Abchurch, Apechurch or Upchurch, ' Robert 
the priest of Habechirce ' occurs in a deed of the twelfth century (Anc, 
Deeds, A. 7821). Abchurch, which occurs as ' Abbechurche ' in 121 1 
(^. A. 1449) is the normal form, but 'Apecherche lane' occurs in 1327, 
and 'Appecherche' in 1369 (Gi/. Wills, i. 328, ii. 121). Riley says that 



314 Notes 

Upchurch is found in early documents, citing Mun, Gild, I. loo— date 
1240, where, however, Upchurch near Chatham is clearly intended. 
For the chantries of Winchcomb and Littleton (^. 1457) see Col, WiUs^ 

M- 340» 532- 
218» 1. 7. the leaden parch. ' Le Leden Porche ' in Crooked Lane 

occurs in 1398-9 (Col. Inq, p, m. iii. 255). Afterwards it was held by 

William Philip, Lord Bardolf, for life, and on June 11, 1441, was granted 

to John Merston, who still held it in 1461 {C.P.R. Henry VI, iii. 544; 

£dw. IV, i. 43). In 1485 it was granted to Thomas Freeman on the 

attainder of John, Duke of NorfoUc (Campbell, Mat, Hist, Henry K//, 

ii* 319} 449)* Taylor the Water-poet, writing in 1636 (Travels through 

Londoti)^ mentions four houses that sell Rhenish wine and are inhabited 

by Dutchmen only, viz. 'The Stilliyard, the Swan in Thames Street, 

llie Swan in Crooked Lane, and The Sun at St Mary Hill.' 

1. 15. William de Burgo gaue^ &c. Under the will of Edmund 
Horn, who left them for a chantrie (Cal. IVills^ i. 254). 

L 23. tambe ofLoueken was remoued. No doubt one of those defaced 
by bad people in the reign of Edward VI (vol. i. p. 220). The brass 
plate was taken away, and used for another tomb at Walkeme in Hertford- 
shire, where the original inscription was discovered on the hidden side 
in 1870. The Fishmongers had restored Loueken*s and Walworth's 
tombs in 1562. The name is sometimes spelt Lofkin, but is Lovekyn 
on the brass and in his will {Cal. Wills, ii. 117). See notice by J. G. 
Nichols, ap. Trans, London and Middlesex^ iii. 133-7, and also vi. 341-70. 
For list of monuments at St. Michael's (similar to that on pp. 221-2) see 
Harley MS, 6069, f. 29. 

1. 31. arrested Wat Tyler, Stow's account is based on Knighton, 
ii. 138, Chron, Angliae, 297, and Anom, Chron, 5i9-2a The squire's 
true name was Ralph Standish ; ^ohn Cavendish' or ' Candish ' is an error, 
which appears also in the Annates, p. 463, ed. 1605. The knighting of 
Walworth is taken almost word for word from Anom, Chron,, where, 
however, a blank is left for the third name. The City record (Memorials, 
451) shows that Stow is correct in naming Sir Robert Launde. 

221» 1. 32. Crosse and sworde of Saint PauL Stow is right See the 
description of The Banner of St. Paul (on i. 63 above), which was the 
ancient banner of the City. Stow translates from the record in Letter^ 
Book H. See Memorials, 447. The £Eible of Walworth's dagger got 
currency in Holinshed's Chronicles, ii. 747. 

1. 37. John RadwelL Richard in his will (Cal. Wills, ii. 411). 
222, 1. 16. Sir John Brudge. In Harley MS, 538, ' maior of London 
1520, deceased 1530.' 

1. 32. Beachamps Jnne, Reference to the tenement of Robert Beau- 
champ in St. Martin Orgar occurs in 1361 (Letter-Book G, 133). 

1. 35. saint Martin Orgar. The name may be due to Orgar the 
deacon, who granted the church to St. Paul's in the twelfth century 
(Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 63). 



Notes 315 

228» 1. 18. Alderman Beswicke. William Beswicke, d. May 5, 1567 
(Inq.p. m. JLond. ii. 102). 

L 32. Licence . ..to new build. In 1408 Richard Thorpe, the parson, 
had licence for alienation in mortmain of a plot of land for the enlaige- 
ment of St. Swithin's and making of a new belfry (C P, R, Henry IV, 
iii. 414). 

224» L 6. Chaunteries. Thomas Aylesby {circa 1470), William Neve 
(d. 1393), and Matilda Caxton (d 1343) (Col. IVills, i. 458, ii. 295, 584). 

1. 9. William White. In Harley MS. 538, < sheriff 1482, alderman, 
was there buried about 150a* 

1. 12. prior of Tortington. In Feb., 1286, Sir Robert Aguylon 
bequeathed his mansion, with courtyard and garden, in the parish of 
St Swithin, to the prior of Tortington (Cal. Wills^ i. 75). Robert had 
inherited it ^m his mother Joan, grand-daughter of Henry Fitz-Alwin, 
the first mayor, who lived here, and is in consequence called * Henricus 
filius Eylwini de Londene-stane ' {Lib. de Ant. Legg. i, and Prefiaux, 
pp. ix-xi, Ixxiv-vi). In 1490 Henry Eburton, draper, left some adjoining 
tenements, called 'Draper's Halle*, formerly belonging to Robert Auguylem, 
to his company {Col. Wills^ ii. 601). The Aguylons had land at Edburton 
in Sussex. 

The above probably explains the statement made by Munday {Survey^ 
247, ed. 1633) under St. Mary Boathaw: 'The most memorable monu- 
ment of all other there was that of Sir Henry Fitz-Alwine, Draper, the first 
Lord Mayor of London that ever was, and continued (by several elections) 
in the Maioraltie above 24 yeeres. His dwelling-house remaineth yet 
in the Parish, divided now into two or three houses. His Monument 
can be proved to be in that Church, as his Armes on the glasse windows 
and Gravestones doe sufficiently shew. Besides those houses were his 
gift to the Drapers, and they pay a quit-rent in his name yeerely for ever. 
All which are sufficient to testify that he was not buried in the Priorie of 
the holy Trinity within Ealdgate (now called the Dukes Place) as formerly 
hath been avowched by Mr. Stowe.' 

Strype observed sagaciously : ' All this is not evidence enough against 
Stow^s own eyes.' It is finally disposed of by the Trinity Cartulary 
{Guildhall MS. 122, ff. 337-8), where against the record of a quit-rent 
of 5^. on lands in St. Mary Boathaw, given by Henry Fitz-Alwin for 
the commemoration of his obit, is set the note : ' Iste Henricus, Maior 
primus London., obiit xiij Kal. Octobris [19 Sept] et sepultus est infra 
introitum capituli in medio sub lamina ^ marmorea.' Henry died in 121 2 ; 
his lands were taken into the king's hands by a writ dated 5 Oct. of that 
year {Rot. Pat. 14 John). There is nothing to connect him with the 
Drapers. Stow calls him a goldsmith (i. 306), perhaps from the belief 
that his father was Alwine, son of Leofstanus the goldsmith (i. 122). In 

* The transcript hu ' Uii*a '. Heame tnggests < lamina ', ap. Wm. of Newborongh, 
iii. 737. 



3i6 



Notes 



a deed of 1 196 he is called ' Henry son of Ail win, son of Leofstan, mayor 
of London *, and in a deed of Henry II's time he is described as ' one of 
the nobles of the city' (Anc» Deeds ^ A. 2103, A. 2507). This supports 
Dr. Stubbs' suggestion that he was an hereditary baron of London 
(Const. Hist i. 674). Henry the Alderman, son of Ailwin, occurs in 11 77 
{Anc, DeedSf A. 7295). 

The prior of Tortington*s house in Candlewick Street was granted to 
John de Vere {d. 1540}, fifteenth Earl of Oxford, on June 8, 1539 {Letters 
and Papers y xiv. 1 192 (8)). John (d, 1562), sixteenth earl, kept great 
state here (see i. 89 above). Edward, seventeenth earl, moved to Fisher's 
Folly (see p. 298). Anne, daughter of Sir John Hart {d, 1603), married 
Humphrey Smith, Alderman, who was living at Oxford Place in 1633 
(Survey^ p. 243, ed. 1633). In 1641 the Salters' Company purchased ' the 
great house odled London Stone or Oxford House ' of Captain George 
Smith. This fixes the house of Henry Fitz-Alwin on the site of Salters 
Hall. See Lethaby, London before the Conquest^ 177-9* 

1. 18. Edmond Dudley. For Dudley's house in the parish of 
St. Swithin, beside London Stone, see Letters and Papers^ i. 425, 4231. 

1. 24. London stone, Camden first suggested that it was ' a miliary 
like that in the Forum of Rome '. Wren (Parent alia^ 265 ) at the time of the 
Great Fire formed the opinion, based on the discovery of extensive Roman 
remains, that ' by reason of the large foundation, it was rather some more 
considerable monument in the Forum'. The position 'neare vnto the 
channel' described by Stow would have been in the middle of the 
street. In 1742 it was removed to the kerb against the buildings on 
the north, and in 1798, being then reduced to a mere stump, was built 
into a niche in the wall of St. Swithin's Church. For the history of London 
Stone and theories as to its origin and significance see Lethaby u,s. 
pp. 179-84 ; J. E. Price, Roman Pavement in Btuklersbury^ 55-^5 > and 
Gomme, Governance of London. In Stow's time London Stone was one 
of the countryman's sights in the capital ; see p. 310. 

226» 1. 10. Font in Pontes Church. James Pilkington, bishop of 
Durham, denouncing the abuses of St Paul's, wrote thus in 1561 (ap. 
Works ^ p. 210): *The south alley for Popery and usury, the north for 
simony, and the horse fair in the midst for all kinds of bargains, meetings, 
brawlings, murders, conspiracies, and the font for ordinary payment of 
money, as well known to all men as the beggar knows his bush.' For 
a payment to be made at St. Paul's in 1362 see Anc. Deeds ^ A. 5869; one 
recognized place was 'the Rode ' by the north door (id. C. 913) ; for a 
payment at the Font in 1537 (id. A. 693). 

L II. nouf , . . at the Rcyall Exchange. See agreement in 1571 
for an annuity to be payable ' at the Tendring House within the Ryall 
Exchaunge ' (Anc. Deeds^ A. 13489), and in 1597 for a payment to be made 
' att or in the Telling howse usuallie appointed for receiptes and paimentes ' 
(id. A. 13297). 

1. 3a tooke name of these Stockes. In 1282 Henry le Waleis built 



Notes 317 

'domos apud Wolchirchehawe, quae vocantur Hales, anglice Stockes' 
(Ann. Lond, 90). This fixes the identity of the house called ' le Hales ' 
which is recorded in the Uber Custumarum to have been given by Waleis 
for the support of the Bridge (Mun, Gild. II. i. 95 ; Letter-Book B, 217). 

226, L 5. This Stockes market^ &c. Fabyan (p. 575) mentions only that 
it was begun. But see Nicolas, London Chronicle^ p. 93, 9ub anno 1410 : 
' Also in this yere the stokkes betwen the Comhull and the Pultrye was 
b^one to make, and in the yere next folwnge it was ful complet and made.' 
The ' Stocks market ' was on the site of the present Mansion House. 

1. 18. S. Mary Wool church. An alleged charter of William I pro- 
fessed to confirm the gift to Westminster Abbey of St. Mary ' Newcirke ' 
by Alfward 'cognomento Grossus' {Cotton Charter^ vi. 3; it is a forgery, 
probably of the reign of Henry I). However, about 1 104, Eudo ' dapifier ' 
gave to Colchester Abbey, with the assent of Ailward Grossus the priesti 
the church of St. Mary ' de Westcheping, quae vocatur Niewechirche % 
which his father Hubert de Rie had bestowed on Ailward (Cart, de 
Colchester ^ 3-1 Si Roxburghe Club: cf. i. 253-4 above). The possession 
of the church by Colchester was disputed by the monks of Westminster 
(see Eng. Hist. Review^ xvi. 726-8). As ' Newchurch ' it was commonly 
known till about 1300^ and even in 1410 it is described as ' St Mary 
Newechirche otherwise Wolchirchehawe ' (Anc. Deeds^ A. 1958, B. 2110^ 
2112; Afun. Gild. II. i. 236). But it appears as St. Mary of 'WoUe- 
churchehawe' in 1260 (Cal, Charter Rolls^ ii. 33); and the maricet at 
WoUechirchehawe is mentioned in 1268 (Madox, Hist. Exchequer^ i. 779). 
Mr. J. H. Round (Athenaeum^ 17 Aug. 1889), on the strength of the form 
^ Wlnotmaricherche ', and the analogous ' Wolmaricherche ', which occurs 
in 1281, has argued that ' Woolchurch-haw ' is a corruption of ' Wulnoth- 
maricherch-haw *, or the churchyard belonging to St Mary Wolnoth 
(assuming that this was the mother-church of St. Mary Newchurch). 
This, however, is conjectural, and Stow may after all be right as to the 
derivation. Walbrook was a centre of the wool-trade in the latter half of 
the thirteenth century, when the name ' Woolchurch ' first appears, and 
William de Wulcherchhawe was interested in that trade in 1293 (see note 
on p. 324 below). The sale of wool at St. Mary Woolchurch was regulated 
by La Custome de Wollchirchawe about 1300 (Mun. Gild. I. 246, from 
the Liber Home). 

227, L 13. fay re Church of Saint Stephen. See history of the Church 
in Trans. London and Middlesex^ v. 327-402. The documents there 
quoted show that Stow's account was accurately taken from the old 
church book written in the time of Edward IV. Henry Chichele was 
rector of St. Stephen's 1396-7. The patronage was given to Colchester 
Abbey by Eudo about 1 100 (Cart. Colchester, p. 3). 

228, 1. 13. Sir Richard Baher. The unde of the historian. He died 
in 1594. Thomas Gore, grocer, left his two messuages in Gracechurch 
Street and Lombard Street to the Grocers by will dated ii July, 1586 
(Cal. WHls. ii. 723)* 



3i8 



Notes 



L 31. a street so called of Buckle. More accurately of the great dty 
fiunily of the Bukerels or Buckerells. A deed of 1270 shows that Thomas 
Backerel had lately held property in Bukerelesbury (Watney, Hospital of 
St. Thomas ofAcon, p. 362). The name occurs again as ' Bokerelesberi ' 
in 1277, as ' Bokeleresbury ' in 1376 and 1449, and as ' Boclersbury' in 
1496 (Cal. Wills^ L 29, il 522, 599). See also notes on pp. 329-50. 

220, 1. 7. S. Mary Bothaw, Peter the priest gave his church of 
St Mary Bothage to Christ church, Canterbury, about 11 50 (Utterae 
CantuarienseSy iii. 357). 

1. 15. Armes in the Windowes, Munday identified some of them 
with the supposed arms of Henry Fitz-Ailwin, whom he alleged to have 
been buried here. See note on p. 315. 

280, L 2a Copped hall. It is mentioned in 1285 ; in 1292 Roger de 
Dreyton left his houses called ' La Coppedhalle ' in the parish of St. John 
Walbrook, to be sold for the poor (Cal. Wills y i. 71, 106). For Ralph 
Cobham see Col. Jnq. p. m. ii. 328. 

281, 1. 26. the Erber. John de Hatfield, pepperer, dated his will on 
la August, 1368, at his house near Urber (Cat. Wills^ ii. 122). His 
widow, Elena, in 1373 transferred to William, Lord Latimer, 'totum 
tenementum meum in London vocat.* le Erber'. Latimer's son-in-law, 
John Neville, of Raby, held it in 1384 (deeds in Husting Rolls ^ loi (174), 
106 (34), 112 (126), 117 (131); see also Col. Inq. p. m. iii. 31). There 
was a Common-beam at the house called ' la Herber * in Walbrook in 1392 
(Letter-Book H, 385). The Erber came into the possession of Geoffi«y 
Scrope's grand-nephew William, Earl of Wiltshire, at whose forfeiture in 
December, 1399, it was granted to John Neville's son Ralph, Earl of 
Westmorland (C. P. R. Henry IV, L 149). Ralph's son Richard, Earl of 
Salisbury, was lodged there in 1458 (Chron. Lond. 168). It came to 
George, Duke of Clarence, as part of his share of the Neville inheritance 
(C. P. R. Edw. IV, ii. 346, 457, 488). On his execution it fell to the 
crown, and on 22 July, i486, was granted to John de Vere, thirteenth 
Earl of Oxford, who held it till 1 5 13 (Campbell, Materials Hist, Henry VII^ 
i. 1 1, 527 ; Letters andPaperSy i. 1774). It was then restored to Clarence's 
daughter Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, who lived there till her 
execution in 1541 (lit^ ii. 1563; xvi. p. 459). In consequence it was 
sometimes called Salisbury Place. 

L 35. Bush lane^ &c Carter Lane and the Chequer are both 
named in 1541 (Letters and Papers, xvi. 459). 

282, 1. 4. Granthams lane. In 1343 it was reported that Grantham 
had blocked it with two great stones and two iron bars (Mun, Gild. II. 
ii. 449). It is now called Brewers Lane. For Dodmer see Anc. Deeds, 
A. 12629. 

1. 17. Lombards messuage. As belonging to John Lambard, Dtther 
of William Lambard, the Kentish antiquary (Inq. p. m. Lond. i. 134). 

I. 21. the Steleyard. In the edition of 1598 Stow wrote, 'Stelehouse 
or Steleyard,' preserving the old alternative, which in his time had gone 



Notes 319 

out of use. The origin and meaning of the name have been so much 
discussed that it will be well to give its history. 

The merchants of Cologne had their house in London as early as 11 57. 
This was probably identical with the GUda Aula or Gildehalda Teutonic 
corum^ which is the regular description of the house of the Hanse 
merchants in early deeds (see note on p. 278). The Gildehalda Teutonu 
carum^ at the comer of Cosin Lane and Thames Street, was distinct from 
the original Stalhof or Steelyard proper, which was on the east of Wind- 
goose Lane (Lappenberg, Urkundliche Gesckichte des Hansischen 
Stahlhofes^ IL 96, 142). But though the Hanse did not come into posses- 
sion of the Steelyard till 1475, they were in occupation of it before 1320, 
when their eariiest extant ordinance refers specifically to the booths and 
chambers in the Stalhof {id. I. 24, II. 119). The earliest instance of the 
name ' Steelyard * which I have found is in 1382, ' quedam terre et redditus 
apud le Steelyerde ' (Gi/. Inq, /. m. iii. 71}. In 1384 there is a reference 
to 'Styleyerd Lane ' (C P. R, Rich. II, ii. 516). In a bond executed by 
Sir Stephen Scroop at Dantzig in 1394 there is reference to the ' Curia 
Calibis' in London (Hansisches Urkundenbuch^ v. 151, ed. Hohlbaum). 
During the eariy part of the fifteenth century I have no note of English 
references to the Steelyard, but in the Statutes of the London Hanse 
there is an order as to the closing of the door leading to the ' Stalhof in 
1410, and as to chambers therein in 1460 (Lappenberg, II. 120). Under 
their agreement with Edward IV the Hanse obtained possession of 
tenements between the old Gilda Aula and Windgoose Lane, and also 
of the < Stilehof otherwise called the Stileyerd' {id. II. 142-3, Act of 1475 '» 
and in other deeds < le Stolehof ' alias * le Styleyerd * id. IL 138-9). Up to 
this time the house of the Hanse had been called in English ' Easterlings 
Hall ' ; now Styleyerd came into use as a name for the whole curtilage 
(see Chran. Land. 198, sub anno 1493). Still, in 1509 we get mention of 
* tenements betweene the hall of Estlande called Guildehalda Theutoni- 
corum^ and the StaUhalfe, whydi is theire dynyng hair (Lappenberg, II. 
170), But in Acts of Henry VIII ' Stilliard * and ' Gyldehalda Teutoni- 
corum' are used as synonymous (cf. citations ap. N. and Q. loth sen vi. 
331). At the end of the sixteenth century the r^^ular form of the name 
was Stillyard or Stilliard. 

The instances of 1382-94 are conclusive as to the meaning attached to 
the name * Steelyard* or ' Stahlhof ' in England at that time ; but they 
do not prove that this interpretation was correct. It is true that the 
Hanse Merchants brought some steel to England (for a trifling instance 
in 1408 see Hansische Geschichtsquellen^ vi. 300, ed. Kunze) ; but the 
trade was not of sufficient importance to explain or justify the name. 
Moreover, if the name were of English origin it should on the analogy of 
' Tymberhawe ' and ' Woolcherchehawe ' have been ' Steel-hawe ' ; I have 
not found 'yard' in any other early London place-name. So it seems 
probable that ' Steelyard ' is simply an erroneous translation of * Stahlhof '9 
a name which dates from 1320. 



320 Notes 

The meaning of ' Stahlhof * is itself obscure. Lappenberg (1. 174) sug- 
gests that it was a stall-place or market-place, where goods were exposed 
for which there was no room in the old Guildhall. Thus it would closely 
have resembled BlackweU Hall, or Winchester-seld and Tanners-seld 
(see pp. 324, 337). This interpretation is supported by the reference to 
chambers and booths in 1320. But * Staal-hof ' in Dutch anciently meant 
' a pattern office where samples of cloth were stamped * (Calisch, Dutch 
Dictionary). Cloth was one of the chief articles of Hanseatic trade in 
London. One of the principal tenements comprised in the original 
Steelyard was called Me Dyhouse' in 1386, and this led Lappenbeig 
(I. 70, c£ II. 68| 138-40} to suggest that there might be some connexion 
with the StMe or dye test-doths of the merchants. 

The connexion of ' Steelyard ' the place with ' Steelyard * a beam or 
balance has been much debated. In 1531 there is reference to the 'great 
scales and balance, and of the Iron Beam, and of the beam of ' le Hanzes 
Hangb ' called ' the Stilliarde Beme ' (Letters and Papers^ v. p. 104). 
For a discussion on this point see A^. and Q. loth ser. vi. 282, 369, 412. 

In Stow's time the Steelyard was famous for its winehouse in Thames 
Street, which was a popular resort : * I come to entreat you to meet him 
this afternoon at the Rhenish Winehouse in the Stilliard. Will you steal 
forth and taste of a Dutch bun and a keg of sturgeon ? ' (Webster, Westward 
Ho / Act II. sc. i.) 

For other copies of deeds relating to the Gildhalla Teutonicorum and 
the Steelyard see Mun, Gild, I. 485-8, and Report on Foedera^ App. A. 
150, and App. C. 16-32. 

288, 1. 7. the said marchants. Stow's list of names is not quite accurate. 
The Liber Albus has : ' Gerardus Merbode, aldermannus Hanse predicte, 
Ludulphus de Cussard, civis Coloniensis, Luderus de Dunevare, buigen- 
sis Tremoniae, Johannes de Areste, burgensis Tremoniae, Bertramus de 
Hamburgh, Godescalcus de Hudendale, burgensis Tremoniae, Johannes 
de Dole, burgensis Monasterii.' In the copy from the Hamburg archives 
(Rep. on Foedera^ C. 18) there are a few variations, viz. : ' Ludulphus de 
Cuffelde,' ' Luderus de Dunenar ; ' ' Trevirensis ' for ' Tremoniae '. 

284» 1. 13. Richard Lions. His house and quay on the east side of 
the quay and garden of Easterlings Hall passed through various hands to 
the Abbey of St. Albans in 1456 ; the Hanse obtained full ownership in 
1475 (Lappenberg, I. 59-66, with numerous deeds in the Urkunden). 

L 19. Windgoose Alley^ ' Wendegoslane ' in 1343 (Mun. Gild. II. 
449). The name suggests a German origin ; a Benedict Wandegos 
occurs .in the 13th century (Anc. Deeds^ A. 1623). It is called Wende- 
gayne Lane in Rainwell's wilL In 1475 the Hanse acquired all the 
tenements on both sides of the lane, and closed the north end with a wall 
of stone (Lappenbeig, II. 169). 

L 21. Abbot of S. Albons. See above, and Lappenberg, Urkunden 
xcv-civ. 

1. 23. John RatKwelL His house and other tenements were on the 



Notes 321 

east side of Windgoose lane, including the original Stahlhof or Steelyard, 
and bounded on the south by the Thames and on the north by the land of 
Robert Combarton ; thus Rainwell's land did not reach as fiir as Thames 
Street. The property consisted of a mansion with ' le Dyehouse ', and 
two mansions on steps, and a wine-cellar: it had belonged to John 
Northampton— ^nayor in 138 1-3. See Lappenberg, I. 68-72 and 
Urkunden^ xliii, cv, czxvii, and cl, with a plan of the whole site. 

286, 1. II. William Lichfield, Thomas Gascoigne (Lode Libro Veri" 
taiuMf 1 89) mentions hhn along with Gilbert Worthyngton of St Andrew's, 
Holbom, amongst the famous preachers of his day. Lichfield and 
Worthyngton were two of the promoters of schools in London in February, 
1447 (RoL Pari. v. 137, see vol. i. p. 73 above). Lichfield's ' Complaint 
of God to Sinfiil man and the answer of Man ', together with a ' Dialogue 
of the Passion between God and the Penitent Soul ' are extant in Gonville 
and Caius ColL MS. 174, if. 469-82. In a deed relating to property in 
All Hallows parish, and dated 12 Dec. 1447, William Lichfield, clerk, is 
nominated as an attorney (Lappenberg, u. s, IL 73). The date of his 
death was given by Stow and Strype as 24 Oct. 1447 ; but this is clearly 
an erroneous reading of his epitaph : 

Luce bis x, quater i, migrat Octobris sine panno, 
C. quater, x quater, v semel, ter i, M. Karus. 
which gives xxiiii Oct M cccc xxxx viii, or 1448. 

Similarly the date of John Brickie's death was printed in error as 145 1 
instead of 1437, his epitaph reading : 

C. quater, x, ter, v, semel, i, bis, et M. sociatis, 
which gives M. cccc. xxxvii. 

Strype reads for ' C, quater* in both cases Equater^ which is meaningless. 
1. 24. one Pot. Henry Pott, about 1550, as tenant of Sir Ralph 
Dodmer {Anc. Deeds ^ A. 12629). See voL i. 232 above. The site is now 
occupied by the City of London Brewery. 

286, 1. I. Cold Harbrough. Stow*s account is not quite accurate : see 
paper by Mr. Philip Norman in Archaeologia^ Ivii. 257-84. Poultney by 
his will directed the Cold Harbour to be sold. A deed of i Nov. 1353 
shows that at his death the Earl of Hereford held two parts for life, and 
the third part was held by Sir Nicholas Loveyn (not Lovell as on p. 236), 
who had married Poultney's widow, as part of her dower ; Poultney's 
executors sold the reversion of the whole to Loveyn. Afterwards it 
belonged to Edward the Black Prince. Henry IV granted it to his 
son Henry in 1410. Later it was owned by Sir John Cornwall, Lord 
Fanhope, after whose death, in 1443, it passed to his step-son John 
Holland, Duke of Exeten The grant of Richard III to the Heralds 
(C. P. R. Edward IV, &c iii. 422) was cancelled by Henry VII (of. 
Campbell, Mat. Hist. Henry VI J^ i. 475-6), who gave the Cold Harbour 
to his mother Margaret Beaufort for life. On her death Henry VIII gave 
it, in July 1509, to George Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury. (Letters and 
Papers^ i. 253.) Presumably on Shrewsbury's death, in 1538, it reverted 
ftow. n Y 



322 Notes 

to the Crown, and was about that time bestowed on Cuthbeit Tunstal, 
who held it till 1553, when it was restored to the then Earl of Shrews- 
bury. 

For the lease to Henry Stow see Letter-Book £, 108, and for the 
Charter of 1347 Letter-Book F, 158. 

1. 33. the lesse. It is All Hallows 'ad Fenn. in Roperia ' in Col. Inq, 
p, m, ill. 211. 

SI87t 1* 3* ^' HoUatidy duke of Excester^ and he was lodged there in 
theyeare 1472. In Harley MS, 538, f. 80 ' Ro. Fabian ' is written in the 
margin. This statement is not found in the printed Fabyan. The date 
seems to be wrong : cf. the Vitellius Chronicle under 147 1 : — 'And the 
xiiij^^ day of ffebmary the Duke of Exceter cam to London from beyond 
the see, . . . and after to his place in Tamystrete ' {Chron, Land 183). 

1. 19. a great number o/smal tenements. The Cold Harbour became 
notorious as the dwelling-place of needy persons, and a sanctuary for 
debtors and vagabonds. So Ben Jonson m The Silent WomoHj Act. ll, 
sc. iii : — ^ It knighthood shall do worse, take sanctuary in Cole Harbour 
and fast. It shall fright all it friends with borrowing letters ; and when 
one of the fourscore hath brought it ten shillings, it knighthood shall go 
to the Cranes or the Bear at the Bridge-foot and be drunk in fear.* 

And Webster, Westward Ho / Act iv, sc ii :— * Swore you would 
build me a lodging by Thames side with a Watergate to it, or else take me 
a lodging in Cole Harbour.' 

1. 38. Mannor of the Rose, Originally it belonged to Sir John 
Poultney, and is perhaps the house which he had licence to crenellate in 
1 34 1 {C, P. R, Edw. Ill, V. 331). It was called his principal messuage in 
his will. In 1384 Richard, Earl of Arundel acquired ' Pulteneyesyn ' from 
the Master and chaplains of St. Lawrence College {Anc. DeedSy D. 805). It 
is called ' My Lady*s Inne of Arundel' in 1422 (Lappenberg, 5/a^^^ II. 
63). In 1450 it is described as ' Messuagium sive hospicium vocatum 
Poultenaysin '. It had been sold by John Holland, Duke of Exeter, to 
William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, who was living there about 1446 
{Hist. MS. Comm.f 9th Rep. 52). Suffolk's heirs retained it, with some 
vicissitudes, till 1 506, when on the attainder of Edmund de la Pole it 
was granted to Edward, Duke of Buckingham (</. 1521) (Inq, p, m. Land. 
i. 76). In Henry VIII^ Act I. sc. ii, reference is thus made to Buckingham : 
* The Duke being at the Rose, within the parish St. Lawrence Pountney.' 
In 1526 it was granted to Henry Courtenay, Earl of Devon, after whose 
execution in 1538 it was granted in 1539 to Robert RatdifTe, Earl of 
Sussex {Letters and Papers, xiv. 867, c. 17), whose son sold the greater 
part to the Merchant Taylors, and the rest to Alderman Beswicke. See 
Archaeologia, Ivii. 268-9. 

238, 1. 32. a common cookerie or Cookes row. FitzStephen has simply 
publica coquina. But Stow is probably right in his interpretation of this 
as a Cooks' Row, and not merely a solitary cook-shop. The building 
Assize drawn up after the Great Fire in 121a ordered all the cook-shops 



Notes 323 

on Thames to be whitewashed and plastered inside and out (Mun. 
Gild, II. i. 86; see also Mr. Riley's Preface, p. xxxii). There is a 
reference to 'coquinae Vinetrie' in 1 321 (Anc, Deeds^ A. 1647). 

280, 1. 27. Herber lane or Brikels lane. Herbier lane in Vintry is 
mentioned in a fourteenth-century deed (Hist. MSS, Comm,, 9th Rep. 16), 
and as late as 1448 {Col, WillSy ii. 516). John Brikels is probably the 
John Brickies who died in 1437 (see p. 321 above). It is now Brickhill 
lane. 

1. 31. three Cranes. Anciently there was only one Crane, and the 
inn was called * The Crane in Vintry ' (Chron. Lond. p. 81 , sub anno is^l). 
Sir Walter Scott in Kenilworth (ch. ii) refers to it as * the most topping 
tavern in London '. If not that, it was a well-known inn. Ben Jonson, in 
Bartholomew Fair^ Act I, sc i, associates it with the more famous 
'Mermaid' and 'Mitre': 'A pox o' these pretenders to witl Your 
Three Cranes, Mitre, and Mermaid men I not a com of true salt, not 
a grain of right mustard amongst them all.' Pepys in Jan., 1662, had 
* a sorry poor dinner ' there in a ' narrow doghole of a room ' {Diary ^ ii. 1 77). 
' Le Peynted Aley ' occurs in 1442 (Col. Wills^ ii. 513). 

240, 1. I. John GiserSy Vintner. This is the John Gisors who died in 
1 3 5 1 . His grand-daughter Margaret married Henry Pycard, and inherited 
all his lands and tenements in St. Martin in the Vintry (Col. Wills^ 
i. 643-4). See further note on p. 354 below. 

1. 19. The Vintners. On the history of the Company and their 
muniments see an article by J. G. Nichols in Trans. Lond. and Middlesex ^ 
iii. 432-47, with special reference to Stodie*s bequest. 

1. 32. sweet wines. By a patent dated Nov. 26, 1373, John Peachie 
or Pecche obtained a monopoly for the sale of sweet wines by retail 
(Letter-Book G, 318, 320). For this and his extortion in connexion 
therewith he was accused in the Good Parliament of 1376, and imprisoned 
(Rot. Pearl, ii. 328). As a consequence he was, along with Richard Lions 
and Adam Bury, removed from his aldermanry and deprived of the free- 
dom of the City (Letter-Book H, 38, 44). It was an incident in the 
political rivalry between the victualling and clothing Guilds. See note 
on p. 312 above. 
241» 1. 10. the Church booke. Unfortunately it no longer exists. 

1. 17. so much for Wines. ' In the time of Henry the Eight, and 
Edward the Sixt, Vinteners and Tavemers houses were not in any such 
measure, maner, nor plenteous store and variety of wines of all Nations 
in any one man's house, as now at this time there is in every Vintener's 
house ; for in those days whosoever drew White, Claret, and red Wine, 
sold no more kindes of Wine ; the Dutch then sold only Reinish wine, 
as now they doe ; and at that time, when an Argosey came with Greeke 
and Spanish Wines, viz. Muscadell, Malmsey, Sacke, and Bassard, the 
Apothecaries of London then went unto those merchants, and every man 
bought such Rundlets, vessels, and quantities of those rich wines, as they 
thought they should Retayle, unto such as usually bought of them only 

Y 2 



324 Notes 

for Physicke and for the Communion Table ' (Annales^ p. 867, ed. 1 631). 
This is an addition made by Howes, but it looks so like a remini- 
scence of Stow's that it may very probably have been derived from his 
Collections. 

242, 1. 3. Palmers lane^ now called Anchor lane. ' Palmereslane ' in 
1343 (Mun. Gild. II. ii. 450), and in 1439 ^nd 1448 (CaL WillSy \u 487, 
516). 

1. 5. Worcester house, Worcester Place in St. James, Garlickhithe, 
was granted on May 6, 155 1, by William Somerset, Earl of Worcester, to 
Thomas Parry s, who died seized thereof in 1563 {Inq.p. m, Lond,, ii. 27). 

I. II. of olde time called Arches. The deed, dated 1276, is calendared 
in Ancient Deeds^ A. 7823 ; there, and in Stow's own note from a 
Cartulary of St Mary Overy (ap. Harley MS, 544, f. 100), it reads ' Walter 
de Forda' and 'seld called Wynchestre seld'. A little lane called 'Le 
Arche' in the parish of Paternoster cherche occurs in 1299 (Letter^Book 

C, 35). 

For the SeUla Wyntoniae at Queenhithe in 1244, see Mun. Gild. III. 
448. In 1275-80 it belonged to the Hardels (CaL Wills^ i. 24, 46). In 
1299 William de Wulcherchehawe owned ' la Wyncestreselde '1 where the 
merchants of Andover came to deal in wool {Mun. Gild. II. i. 115; 
cf. Letter-Book C, 13, for 1293), ' Andovreseld ' and ' le Stonhous ' adjoin* 
ing thereto belonged to John le Blund in 1316. (Anc. Deeds ^ C. 586). 
John Stodeye had a lease of ' Wynchestre Seld ' in Allhallows the Great 
in 1347 (Letter-Book F, 112). I have not found any reference to 'Stenden- 
bridge ' ; but William de Staundon was patron of St. Mary Somerset in 
1273 (Cal. Wills^ i. 15), and William Stondon had land in Walbrook in 
1428 (see i. 227 above). 

248, 1. 20. Sir Heere Tanke, or Hartancleux. This is Sir Hartank 
Van Clux, a Silesian knight, who entered the service of Henry IV about 
1400, and was afterwards employed by Henry V as a diplomatic agent at 
the court of Sigismund. 

There is a list of burials in Harley MS, 6069, f. 29, which reads: 
Thomas Wandefforde, Sir Edmond Moulso, Sir William Houldhall, 
William Bemok and Robert Shreuyngham (for ' Sherington '). 

II. 36, 37. this Tower . , . so called^ of pertayning to the kinges. 
Stow is in error. ' The Royal * was a corruption of ' la Ryole \ a name 
which was due to occupation by wine-merchants from La Reole in 
Gascony. At the end of the reign of Henry III, Thomas Bat demised 
his tenement ' la Riole ' to Simon de Beauvais (Stow's ' Beawmes '), who 
was surgeon to Edward I and had it confirmed to him in 1275 (Cal. 
Charter Rolls^ ii. 202). At the great Iter in 1320 Simon's grandson 
failed to maintain his right to 'La Riole* (Placita de Quo Warranto^ 
461). Edward III, in 133 1, gave 'La Real' for a wardrobe to Queen 
Philippa, who was building there in 1349-53 (C.P.R. Edw. Ill, vii. 537, 
viii. 393, ix. 136, 342, 518). For grant of hospitium vocatum le Reole 
to St Stephens in 1369, see Mon. Angl. vi. 135a 



Notes 325 

244, ]. 38. Richard de WiUhaU, &c. Stow obtained this from the 
Cartulary of St. Mary Ovcry, cf. his note in Harley MS. 544, f. ioo^<>. 

245, 1. 13. Forgers of Blades^ and therefore coiled Bladers, Presum- 
ably 'blader' was used in Stow's time as the equivalent of bladesmith. 
But when he employs ' blader ' to translate ' bladarius ', as he does in 
the case of Walter Nele, and of William Palmer on i. 347, there is no 
doubt that he was in error. In the Middle Ages 'bladarius' meant 
a commonger or dealer in com (bladum). So in the Ordinances of the 
Crafts catalogued in the Liber Albus^ Bladarii et Portitores biadi appear 
together, and other ordinances are for Cultellarii et BladsmitheSy and for 
Cultellarii et Vaginarii (sheath makers — Mun, GUd. I, 734-5, and 
III. 412, where ' bladarii ' are called to give evidence on the price of com). 
Walter Nele, as shown by Stow*i citation from his will, had a wide agri- 
cultural connexion; of other bladers, William Palmer in 1349, and 
William de Thame in 1357 make bequests of granaries, and John de 
Eneveld in 1361 of a quantity of bread, com, and malt {Cat. Wills, i. 
53S> ^73) ii* 33)> ^^ is> however, noteworthy that in 1382 one William 
Warde, a ' cuteller * of York, complained that he had been admitted as 
a blader instead of as a cutler : here the word must surely mean blade- 
smith (Memorials, 474). Hamo le Barber {Col. Wills, i. 533) was, like 
Palmer, connected with Henley; probably he was a commonger by 
profession, and a barber only by name. See for both Nele and Barber, 
Letter-Book E, 233, 

11. 36-8. H, Causton • . . 1396, Henry Causton, mercer, founded 
a chantry here in 1350 (CcU, Wills, i. 638). 

246, 1. 18. WUliam Shifiton. William Brampton by his will, dated 
1456, founded a chantry here for William Shepton {Col. Wills, ii. 559, 

567). 

1. 28. the king was then lodged. See notes on pp. 280 and 324. 

247, 1. 28. Ringed hall. In 1352 it occurs as the property of Benedict 
de Folsham, grocer {Anc, Deeds, C. 189). His company had met there 
in 1349 (Kingdon, Grocers* Archives^ 38). Afterwards it belonged to 
Rewley Abbey, Oxford. Henry VIII granted it on February 11, 1 541, to 
Moigan Phelippe alias Wolfe, his goldsmith, who at once sold it to Sir 
Thomas Mildmay {Letters and Papers, xvi. 580). Later owners were 
Sir James Croft, and Stephen Woodroffe, who died seized thereof in 1576 
{Ing.p, m. Lond, iii. 4). 

248, 1. 4. Kerion lane. 'Kymne lane* in 1259, afterwards usually 
* Kyron • or * Kirone * lane (Cal, Wills, \. 3, 24, 80, ii. 64). John Kerion 
held land in St. Laurence, Candlewick St., in 1 284 (Cotton MS., Faustina, 

A. viii, f. 164). There was a ' Kyrone lane ' at Kingston (Anc. Deeds, 

B. 1612, 1651). 

1. 9. saint Martin de Beremand. ' Baermanne cyrc ' is mentioned 
hi an alleged charter of William I to Westminster in 1067 (Cotton Charts 
vi. 3 ; this is, however, a fabrication, probably of the time of Henry I). 
Ranulph Peverel gave it to Gloucester Abbey in the time of William II 



326 



Notes 



(Cart. S, Pet. Glouc, i. 94, 390-1). It is called ' S. Martin de Baremannes 
chirche apud coquinas Vinetrie* in 1221 (Anc. Deeds y A. 1647). 'I'be 
name must be connected with O.E. ' baerman ', a porter, or carrier. It 
can hardly be connected with the neighbouring ' Wermanecher ' which 
Edward the Confessor gave to St Peter Ghent in 1044 (Kemble, Cod, Dipt. 
dcclxxi), unless that name is a graphic error for ' Bermanecherche ', 
which is somewhat improbable; in later deeds this place appears as 
' Wermanacre ' {Cal. French Documents^ 502-3, ed. Round), and at the 
Iter of 1320 as ' Terra de Wermenatra ' (Placita de Quo Warranto^ 462). 

1. 10. Mathew Columbars, The only person of the name whom 
I have found is Sir Matthew de Columbars (d. 1282), a prominent 
citizen, who was the King's Chamberlain in London and taker of wines 
throughout England {Letter-Book B, 280 ; Cai. Wills^ i. 59). 

1. 14. Sir John Gisors. On the Gisors family see note on pp. 354-5. 

1. 20. Bartholomew de la vauch. The list in Harley MS. 6o&g reads 
' de la Vernha '. 

1. 23. Robert Dalusse. In Harley MS. 538 the epitaph is completed 

thus:— 

The 29 day of September he toke the way. 

Pray for us, we yow pray. 

Lyke as you would be prayed for another day. 

1. 33, Bartrandy wife to Grimond Descure. The Latin inscription 
preserved by Strype is : * Hie jacet corpus Bertrandae quondatn Uxoris 
Ormondi Descure, Annig. unius Hostiariorum Camerae inclytissimi 
Angliae et Franciae Regis Henrici VII. Quae obiit i*> die Aprilis 1494.' 

249, 1. I. Chantries there, Gilbert atte Merssh founded a chantry for 
himself and William de Stokesby and their wives in 1396 (Cal. IVilis, 
ii. 328). 

1, 3. S. latnesy called at Garlick hith. For a notice of St. James 
Garlickhithe see Trans. Lond. and Midd. iii. 392-403. The list of 
chantries returned in 1547-8 does not agree with Stow's, but John 
Rodyng, or Rothyng, appears as the principal benefactor; he was the 
son of Richard de Rothyng (Letter-Book F, 233). For chantries of John 
de Oxenford, John de Whitthorne, 1349, Walter Nele, and Henry Mont- 
koy 1362, see Cal. Wills ^ i. 460, 586, 673; ii. 66. Whitthorne com- 
memorated Goodcheape and Cressingham. St. James * versus vinitariam ' 
occurs about 1170 (Hist. MSS, Comtn., 9th Rep. 13). For the lands of 
Oxenford's chantry see Ing. p. m. London^ ii. 40. Stow's authority for 
Galfrid Moncley is the Liber S. Mariae Overy (cf. Harley MS. 544, 
f. 100). 

1. 20. Nicholas Stahant, So in all the early editions, but perhaps 
Nicholas Statham (d. 1472) the lawyer is meant. See Diet, Nat. Biog. 
liv. 112, and Errata, p. 258. The list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 29, 
has ' Stathum '. The same authority gives ' Stonor ' for ' Stonarde ' in 

1. 31- 
260, 1. 9. Comey streete. ' Comeysere strate' occurs in 1274 (Cal. 



Notes ^27 



Wills, i. 17). ' Corveyseres ' street {Anc, Deeds, A. 2024) for Cordwainers 
Street is a better form. 

L II. Budge Raw. Budge was a kind of fur. See references to 
' Furres of Budge * on i. 86 above. Milton has : ' those budge doctors of 
the Stoic fur' {Camus, 707) in allusion to the lambskin fur on graduates' 
hoods. Ben Jonson writes : * Like the coneyskin woman of Budge Row ' 
{Bartholomew Fair, Act I, sc. i). 

1. 14. as Inland termeth it See note on p. 352. 
1. 15. the red Lion, &c. No doubt the house called ')« lyoun atte 
Dore' in Watling Street, which is mentioned 1362-66 (Letter-Book G. 
151, 218). 

1. 26. Tumebase lane. It is ' Tomebaston lane ' in 13289 but * Tume- 
bast lane ' in 1436 (Co/. Wills, L 341 ; ii. 481). 

26I9 L 14. Sopers lane. Stow is in error. The name occurs as early 
as 1259 (Co/. Wills, i. 4), and was, no doubt, due to Sopers or soap- 
makers, who dwelt there. See Mun, Gild. II. i. 97. Aleyn le Soper was 
a disreputable person, without any obvious connexion with Sopers lane 
{Memorials, 118). Sopers lane is now Queen Street. 

1. 36. with EpUaphes. In Harliy MS. 538, 85^0, the epitaphs are 
completed as follows : 

Now be they gon and we them misse. 

Christ bringe theyr sowles to heven*s blisse. 
On the yonger thus: 

Thomas Knoles lieth vnder this stone, 

And his wife Isabell fleshe and bone. 

They were together xix yere, 

X children they had in fere. 

His father and he to this chirche 

Many good dedes they ded wirche. 

Example by them here ye may see, 

That the world is but a vanitie. 

For whether ye be smale or greate, 

All shall tume to wormes meate. 

This sayde Thomas was layde on here 

The viij day of the moneth of feverer 

The date of Jhesu Christ truly 

A M.CCCC fyve and forty. 

We may not pray, hartely pray ye 

For our sowles pater noster et ave; 

The sonner owre paynes lessed may be, 

Graunt vs the Holy Trinitie. 
262, 11. 7-12. Thomas Windout, &c. In Harley MS. 538, f. 86, 
several corrections are contained : ' Windout one of the shrives . . . ; 
Hind . . . and also to the steeple of Bow then in building ; Hugh Acton 
. . . steeple of St. Anthonie's Chirche, he also glazed the west window of 
Aldermary Chirche, every fote of glass price xiidj 



328 



Notes 



1. 25. a thousand /cure hundred it was, 6r*c. Street died in 1460 
{Col. Wills, ii. 540). 

1. 31. Henrie Halton. In Harley MS. 538 : ' and Robert Halton his 
son, 1 433. John Wodiam merchaunt-taylor, 1 5 1 3 .' 

1. 33. John Grantham. The mayor of 1328 ; founded a chantry in 
1345 (Co/. Wills, i. 476). 

]. 37. Aldemarie. The priory of Christchurch, Canterburyi held it 
by the gift of Living, the priest, in the reign of William I. (Man. Angl. 
i. 109, cf. Litterae Cantuarienses, ii. 175.) 

263, 1. 6. building vp of that Church. In Harley MS. 538 the 
narrative continues: 'Besydes that he gave liberally to the prisons, 
hospitalls, lazar-houses, and to pore householders; to the mending of 
highe wayes betwixt London and Coventrye 200 U. To Rochester bridge 
10 //. To Dover 10 markes. To pore maydes manages 100 markes. 
To pore husbondmen in Oxfordshire and Warwikeshire 140 shares and 
140 coultars of yron. Two serplars of his best woole to by a Jewell for 
the Stapelers Hall. He gave to seven almsmen of the grocers company 
in London 6d. the pece wekely for ever ; and to the pore of Aldermary 
parishe 13 shillings and four pence yerely for ever.' 

The substance of this appears in the chapter on 'Honour of Citixens' 
(i. III). 

1. 9. Richard Chawcer. He occurs as a Vintner as early as 1320 ; 
he died in 1349. He was not, however, Geoffrey Chaucer*8 father, 
though in 1323 he married as her third husband the widow of Robert 
Chaucer, the poet*s grandfather. Richard and Robert were possibly 
cousins. See Skeat, Chaucer, I. pp. xi-xv. Richard Chaucer's will, dated 
April 12, 1349, mentions Mary his wife and her son, Thomas Heyroun 
{Col. Wills, i. 590). 

L 17, Aldemiarie Church. In Harley MS. 558 here is inserted : 
'Hewghe Acton, merchaunt-taylor, buried Seint Antonin's 1530, glazed 
the west window of this Aldermary chirche xii^. every fote of glasse. 
And these were the benefactors to this chirche the last that I can reade 
of. The foundation of a fayre steple or bell tower was layde and reysed 
up some xvi or xx fote above the ground, and so it restethe.' 

1. 36. newe Marie Church. Stow is in error in identifying this with 
St. Mary-le-Bow. See note on p.317 above. It will be observed that he 
has corrected his explanation of ' de Arcubus' given in 1598 (see p. 248 
above). There is a St. Mary Arches Church at Exeter, of which Freeman 
{Exeter, p. 63, Historic Towns) wrote : ' The origin of St. Mary Arches is 
uncertain, but it has Norman columns, and is the only parish church 
[in Exeter] with regular aisles.' Florence of Worcester (ii. 29), in de- 
scribing the storm of 1090, refers to Bow Church as 'ecclesia quae ad 
Arcumdicitur'. 

254, 1. 34. for his preferment. In Harley MS. 538 Stow has added the 
words: 'Such a brother have I. God make hym penitent.' See 
Introduction, p. xix. 



Notes 329 

265» 1. 36. Bawi'belL Stow does not connect Bow-bell with cockney, 
but Rowlands in his Letting of Humours , &^c., p. 65, has: 'To let a 
Bow-bell cockney put me downe.' There is a reference to the curfew at 
' nostre dame des Arches ' in 1363 {Letter-Book G, 150). 

266, 1. 27. Grammar schoole. See vol. i. 73, and note on p. 321 above. 
1. 36. Richard Lambert. He died on April 4, 1567, during his year 
of shrievalty. Stow's Memoranda^ p. 141. 

267, 11. 15, 16. this sild . . .for himself e. The tradition was so strong 
that when Bow Church was rebuilt by Wren, a royal gallery overlooking 
the street was provided. 

1. 25. CrounsUdey or Tamarsilde. Tamarsilde is no doubt a corrup- 
tion of Tanners-seld, the building in Friday Street to which all ' foreign ' 
tanners had to bring their hides (Letter-Book G, 260 ; Memorials^ 343). 
The Tanners-seld in Westchepe, parish of St. Mary-le-Bow, occurs in 
1280, and references to it are common down to 1370 {Cat. Wilis, i. 46, 
ii. 135). In 1309-10 there was also a Tanners Seld in St. Lawrence, 
Jewry (Letter-Book C, 162, 169). 'La Selde Coronata' or Crowned 
Seld occurs in 1384 (Cal. Willsy ii. 242). 

1. 37. the Kinges head. On June 18, 1498, Perkin Warbeck was 
stood on ' a scaffold made in Chepyssyde, foreagayn the Kynges hede ' 
(Chron. Lxmd. 223). 

268, 1. II. I read of three shops. Given to Trinity in the time of Prior 
John (1250-8) by Laurence de S. Michael, who held them at the rents 
named (Guildhall MS. 122, £ 410). 

260, L 26. Buckles berie, so called^ &c. See note on p. 318 above. Mr. 
W. H. Stevenson (Engl. Hist. Rev. xii. 491) has pointed out that in 
London ' bury * meant little more than a large house. This is clearly so 
in the case of Bucklersbury. 

1. 31. the olde Barge, Documents dealing with the history of this 
house from 1276 to 1440, when it became the property of the Hospital of 
St. Thomas Aeon are calendared in Watney*s Account of St. Thomas Aeon, 
pp. 263-8 (see also C.P.R. Henry VI, iiL 511). For its later history see 
Inq. p. m. London, i. 149, ii. 74, 77. It is first called Me Barge' in 
a deed of 14 14. It was at one time the house of Henry le Waleis. 

260, 1. 2. Cemettes towre. The earliest reference I have found is to 
'la Tower Servat' in 1331 (Anc. Deeds, A. 10948). This suggests some 
connexion with William Servat, who was an alderman in 131 2 (Memorials, 
94). In the grant to St. Stephen's of 1358 it is called *Sewtes Tour in 
Bokelesbury' (Mon. AngL vi. 1350). In 1365 it is described under the 
name of Sumetes-tour as the mansion of William Holbech, whose widow, 
Matilda, bequeathed it in 1393 as Semetes-tour to John Clee, Draper 
(CcU. Wills, ii. 104, 303). Elsewhere it is called Servers tour, and 
Sylvestre tour in 1455 (Hist. MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 56a). In the 
edition of 1598 Stow calls it Seruesse or Seruice Tower (see p. 250 above). 
1. 18. possessed of Grocers and Apothecaries. So in Webster's West'- 
ward Ho! Act I, sc. ii: 'Go into Bucklersbury and fetch me two 



330 Notes 

ounces of preserved melons : look there be no tobacco taken in the shop 
when he weighs it.' And Merry Wives of Windsor^ Act III, sc iii : 
'Lisping hawthorn buds, that come like women in men's apparel, and 
smell like Bucklersbury in simple time.' 

Thomas Becon writes in 1563 : ' If one devil be in so little porcton of 
incense, what a number of di veils be there in all the apothecaries shops 
that are in Bucklersbury.' 

Walsingham wrote in 1 581 to Burghley ' hopmg that his absence will 
do him more good than all the drugs in Bucklersbury' (Co/. State Pe^erSy 
1581-90, p. 21). 

1. 25. Bennet shame ^ or Shrog^ or Shorehog, The name is very 
much older than Stow supposed. ' Alfwinus, sacerdos Soerehog' occurs 
in a deed dated 1111-31 {Hist, MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 61^). A 
wether is called a 'sherehog' when it has been once shorn. The name 
as applied to the church may be due to some person like William 
Serehog, or Alwin Serehog, who appear in early twelfth-century deeds 
{iiL 63, 65). The church is called St. Bennet Sorhog before 1248 {Anc. 
Deeds t A. 1621). 

1. 32. buried in this church. The list in Harley MS, 6069, t 62, 
reads : ' Hooe ' for Hold, and ' Warmyngton ' for Warrington. 

261, 1. 1 1. In this Church, The list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 62, reads : 
John *Bemes*; John 'Boston'; John 'Legage' (for *Gage'); Robert 
Marshall alderman, ' and Elizabeth his wife ' ; ' Borhford ' (for ' Corche- 
forde'); 'Nicholas Wyfolde twyse mayor of London, and Thomas 
his son.' 

1. 29. Pepperers in Sopers lane, &c. In 1365 there is reference to 
the Misteries of Grossers, Pepperers, and Apothecaries, both in Sopers- 
lane and in Bokeleresbury {Letter-Book G, 204). See note on above. 
For an ordinance on Pepperers of Soperslane in 13 16 see Letter- Book 
E, 67, Memorials, 120. 

262, 1. 18. Salomon Lanuare. Presumably Salomon de Lanvare, . 
Cutler, who founded a chantry here by his will in 131 2 {Col. Wills, i. 227 ; 
Milboum, Hist, of St. Mildrects, 19). 

1.19. Hugh Game, In 1436 {id, 19, 20 ; Cal, Wills, ii. 479). 

1. 35. On the north side. In Harley MS, 538 : * On the north syde 
of the chirche remayne two tombes of marble ; but the plates of inscrip- 
tions beinge taken from them, no man can tell who were buried vnder 
them, excepte only by the reporte of one man, who saythe they were the 
tombes of Thomas Monshampe and William Brothers : which William 
Brothers lived and was chirchewarden there in the yere 15 19, and 
deceased 1547, as apereth by the chirche boke.* Brothers was buried 
here on 2 Aug. 1547 (Milboum, u, s, 16, 20). 

268, 1. 3. Counter in the Poultrie, In 1441 ' le Compter ' in the 
parish of St. Mildred belonged to Thomas Haseley ; it was bequeathed to 
the Mayor and Commonalty by Walter Hunt in 1477 {Cal. Wills^ ii. 

501. 575). 



Notes 331 

1. 7. saint Marie at Conie hope lane ende. Reference to St. Mary 
Conyhope occurs as early as 1279, when Thomas de Mymmes founded a 
chantry there. John Mymmes, ' ymaginour, ' or image-maker, left money 
for a chaplain in 1348, and subsequently a Brotherhood was established 
there. ' Ion yrunnes ' is no doubt a blunder for ' lo. mymmes '. The 
purchaser of the chapel was not Thotnas but Willioin Hobson, who died 
in Jan. 1 582, seized of a ' messuage newly built called Corpus Christi 
Chappel, wherein he dwelt, with two shops thereto adjoining* (Inq. p. m. 
London^ iii. 51 ; Col, Wills^ i. 41, 558 ; MUboum, History ofSt,Mildretts^ 
pp. 22-6.) Conyhope Lane is now called Grocers Hall Court. 

1. 27. new common hall. See voL i. 278, and note on pp. 334-5 below. 
264^ 1. 16. Bordhangly lane. Probably a mistake for Bordhaugly 
lane. ' La Bordhawe in S. Mary de Colecherche' occurs in 1257 {Hist. 
MSS, Comm.y 9th Rep. p. 17) and again in 1275 ; the name appears as 
' Bordhawelane ' in 1305, 'Burdellane' in 1405, and ' Barthawlane * in 
1434 {Col. Wills, i. 25, 170 ; ii. 365, 470) ; ' Brodhawlane ' occurs in 1557 
{Ing. p. m. London, ii. 68). Bordhawe would most likely be a timber- 
yard. Dr. Sharpe suggests as an alternative derivation' bordel ', a brothel ; 
this may be supported by the form ' Burdellane '. 

1. 30. about theyeare 128^. The conduit in St. Mary Colechurch in 
West Cheap is mentioned in 1261 {Cal. Charter Rolls, ii. 38), and the 
Fraternity of St. Thomas the Martyr at the Conduit of London in 1278 
{Col. Wills, i. 29, 70). The first building of the Conduit, authorized in 
1236 (see i. 16 above), was begun in 1245 (Ann. Lond, 44). 

265. 1. 24. In they ere 1351. This probably refers to the disturbances 
between the Fishmongers and Skinners, as a consequence of which two 
men were executed at the Cross in Chepe in 1340. An indenmity was 
granted to the Mayor on 18 March, 1346, and Stow may have taken his 
information from some later document, and so have made an error in the 
date. (See Letter-Book F, 58, 96-7, 138; Memorials, 210, 211; and 
Herbert, Livery Companies^ ii. 306.) 

266, 1. 16. In the yere 1333, &c. The misprint of * 1553', which 
appears in the edition of 1603, was repeated by Munday. Strype made a 
foolish correction by substituting ' Mary ' for ' Anne '. The reference is to 
the coronation of Anne Boleyn, of whom Stow writes in his Annates, 
p. 952, ed. 1605 : ' she went forward by the cross which was newly gilt' 

1. 32. againe fastned and repaired. This was done under an express 
order from the queen. See Rente fnbrancia^ pp. 65-6 (the document there 
given was before 1595). 

Ben Jonson, writing in 1 599 or 1600, refers to the mutilation of Cheap 
Cross in CynthicCs Revels, Act I, sc. i : — ' To frame some encomiastic 
speech upon this our metropolis, or the wise magistrates thereof? Descend 
into a particular admiration of their justice, for the due measure of coals, 
burning of cans and such like ? As also their religion in pulling down a 
superstitious cross and advancing a Venus or Priapus in place of it' 
267» 1. 8. counsellers directed their letters, &c. Stow gives the gist ol 



332 Notes 

the letters very accurately. The first letter, dated 2 Feb. 1600, was signed 
by ' the Lord Archbishop and Mr. Secretary only ' ; it refers to the cross 
having been taken away, and to ' an intent instead thereof to sett ap 
some other devise '. The second is ' signed by all their Lordships and 
the rest at this sitting excepting Mr. Comptroler ', but dated 14 Dec. 
1600 ; it repeats the order as given by Stow, ' not approving that weakness 
in any men that will take offence at the historicall and civill use of such 
an ancyent ensigne of Christian! tie. In the discharge of your duety 
herein wee are of opinion that the lesse alteracion you make the better it 
is.' Acts of Privy Council^ xxx. 37, and xxxi. 44. 

I. 34. This old crosse. Erected by the Earl of Gloucester in the 
reign of Henry III; also called 'The Broken Cross'. Provision was 
made for the erection of a conduit in its place in 1390. See Memorials^ 
397» 435> 521 ; Letter-Book H, 343, 354, 358 ; and vol. i. 342 above. 

268, 1. 33. for the most part possessed of Mercers. For Mercers in 
Cheapside see Rowlands, Letting of Humours ^ &c., p. 45 : — 

Who have we here ? Behold him and be mute. 
Some mightie man TU warrant by his sute. 
If all the Mercers in Cheap side shew such. 
He give them leave to give me twice as much. 

260, 1. 4. S. Thomas of Aeon. For its history see Some Account of 
the Hospital of St. Thomas of Acon^ by Sir John Watney, F.S A. The 
founder's name should be given as Thomas, son of Theobald de Helles. 
The list of monuments is nearly identical with one in Harley MS, 6069, 
f. 30, which, however, reads * Gemon ' for * Ganon '. 

II. 31, 33. Locke and Allen. In Harley MS. 538 : *Sir W. Locke, 
Mercer, sheriff 1548, deceased 1550 ; Sir John Allen, mercer, mayor 1535 
and 1535, deceased 1544 ' (1545 new style). 

1. 39. sir John Allett . . . being founder. Allen did not build the 
Mercers Chapel, but contributed 300/. towards the total of 3735/. on con- 
dition that he was buried there. In 1549 his tomb was moved to the 
converted Church of St. Thomas. (Account, u,s, pp. 102-5.) 

270, 1. 29. S. Martin called Pomary. In early deeds it is simply St. 
Martin in Ironmongers' Lane— as on i. 280. It is called St. Martin Pomer 
in 1353 (Watney, Account of St. Thmnas Aeon, 357), and St. Martin in 
Pomerio in 1303 (Mun. Gild. II. i. 337). After this St. Martin de Pomcrio 
is usual. In mediaeval Latin pomerium means an apple-orchard. The 
suggestion adopted by Mr. Gomme (Governance of London, pp. 84-5) that 
pomerium has its classical meaning of the open space within and without 
the walls of a town, and that ' Pomary ' preserves the memory of the old 
Roman city lacks confirmation. 

271, 1. 1. Blossoms Inne, but corruptly Bosofns Inne. The name is 
from the family of Blosme. ' Blosmes-hyn ' and ' Blossemesin ' occur in 
1374-5 (Letter-Book F, 136), and ' Bosum-is-Inne ' in 1466 (Cat. WUls, 
ii. 540). The name survives in Blossom Inn Yard. 



Notes 333 

11. 4, 5. Honey lane. The name was probably due to the sale of 
honey; *Huni lane' occurs as early as 1207 (Hist. MSS. Comnt,, 
9th Kep. p. 18). 

1. 16. dUte-street^ corruptly caUed Catteten streete^ occurs as Catte- 
strete in 1281 (CaL Charter Rolls, ii. 253), and throughout the fourteenth 
century; as Catton Lane (cf. i. 259 above) in 1438 and 1483(02/. Wills^ 
ii. 523, 585). Now Gresham Street. Catte Streets occur in Oxford and 
many other towns, see N. and Q. loth ser. v and vi. 

Margin. Liber Fletwod, It was compiled by the Recorder, William 
Fleetwood, and presented by him to the City on July 31, 1576. Probably 
its preparation was the occasion of Fleetwood being in possession of the 
Liber Custumarum and other City records (see Introduction^ p. xxxii). 

272, 1. 15. William Elderton. A notorious tippler and writer of ballads 
from 1 559 onwards. The description of him as an attorney in the Sheriffs 
Courts is peculiar to Stow. He may be the Master Elderton whom 
Machyn {Diary, 290) mentions as a magistrate at the Guildhall in 1562. 
He was also an actor and master of a company of comedians, and died 
about 1592. To Nash in Pierce Penilesse (Works , ii. 67) he is Elderton, 
who 'consumed his ale-crammed nose to nothing, in bear bayting with 
whole bundels of ballets '. 

278^ 1. I. had of the Fellowshifpes, S tow's authority is clearly the 
London Chronicles (Chron, Lond 257). The full list of contributions is 
printed in Price's Account of the Guildhall^ p. 64, from ' Repertory, L 
flf. 181-2'. 

L 13. hctnging of Tafestrie, The record in the Qiiy Journal, xi. f. 28, 
shows that Alwyn's intention was that the ' iij Clothes of Arrays ' which 
he left for the use of the commonalty should be kept by the Mercers, and 
his representatives made provision accordingly. (See Price, Account^ 

p. 57.) 

1. 34. to build of new. In April, 1430, the mayor, aldermen, &c., 

represented that the chapel of St Mary by the Guildhall was small, 

ruinous, inconvenient, and dangerous, and except the site of the Guildhall, 

which had long been building, there was no site near whereon a larger 

chapel could be built, save the messuage given by Fanelore and Frauncis. 

Licence was therefore granted to pull down the old chapel, and build 

a larger on this site ; and to refound the college with Sir John Bernard as 

warden. (C. P. R. Henry VI, ii. 57-8.) 

274, L 20. by him both buUded and glased, John Wells, who in his will 
directed that he should be buried at St. Anthony's, made no such pro- 
vision. But his executors covenanted with the City to build a great 
window at the east end of the Guildhall chapel, a presbytery, two niches 
for images, and an altar with marble steps (City Record, ap. Co/. Wills^ 
ii. 499). 

276, 1. 17. the shanke bone of a man. William Harrison, in his Descrip- 
Hon of Britain (Holinshed, Chronicles^ i. 19), writes of the bone thus : 
' whidi in times past was 28 inches in length, but now it beginneth to 



334 Notes 

decaie, so that it is shorter by foure inches than it was in the time of King 
Edward.' 

L 35. William Melritk, or Mehneth, died in Jan.-Feb^ 1446 (OU. 
Wills^ ii. 506). He gave an illuminated missal to St. Lawrmice Church ; 
now Ammdel MS. 109 in the British Museum. There is a similar list of 
n^mes in Harley MS, 6069, f. 50, which, however, reads ' Chayham' far 
' Chayhee ' (p. 376, 1. 10). 

U* 37~9* Riclusrd Rich . . . 1469. Strype says his will was proved in 
1464. 

276, 1. 12. lohn MarsMai , . . 149s* Mnnday gives the inscription 
with date to Jan. 1498 (Sun^eyy 286, ed. 1633). 

1. 36. /^ Iran grates. The arch or sluice by which the Walbfook 
passed under the wall. Roach Smith describes its discovery thus: 
' Opposite Finsbury Circus, at a depth of 19 feet, a weU-tmned Roman 
arch was discovered, at the entrance of which on the Finsbmy side were 
iroQ bars placed apparently to restrain the sedge and weeds from cfaoldi^ 
the passage' (Arckaeolagicai Jommal^ L ill). See also ArckaeoU^gia^ 
bL 177, and compare v(^ i. 175 above. 

277* L 2. Lotkberit. It has been suggested that the name may be doe 
to the Albert Loterii^ who held land about 1 130 in ' Warda Haconis' 
(Hist. MSS. Camm., 9th Rep. 66). But there is no proof that * Waida 
Haconis' b Broad StrceL Moreover, St. Bfaigaret 'de Loddmre' oocors 
1181-1204 (id. 15), and ' Lohdeber' and ' Lothbery ' occur 1222-48 (Amc. 
Deeds, A. 10391-2). The form ' Lothyngebire ', which appears in 1275, 
is exceptional ; though Broad Street ward was called ' Lodingid)eri' in the 
list of 1285. it is ' Lotheberi ' in 1293 (Co/. tVills, i. 20, 703). 

For founders and candlesticks of Lothbury see Rowlands, A Fool^s 
Bolt is sacne shot, P- 9 • — 

And swore he had found out old Raymond's tricke. 
To make good Gold of a brass Candlesticke : 
Lothburie, where the Brasiers doe abide. 
He woukl make ten times ridicr than Cheapside. 
L 28. Eliamar . . . mfe to Edvard the first. An enor for FUi>ny 
of ProveDce, wtotkeroi Edward I, to whom Henry Hi had giaul e d the 
custody of London Bridge in 1265 (see Hmmdred Rolls, L 403 sqq.). Dr. 
Sharpe inibnns me that the original of the docxasiaklm Letter-Book Q,6\, 
is headed, *' Carta .Alianore quondam Regine Anglie, &c.' 

278, L la tMrir cAappell. On March 8, 1305, the friars of the Sack 
assigned to Robert FitzWaher their chapel in Colcmanstrete, lately 
a synigogoe of Jews, for him and his heirs to find two rhapbins there 
(C.P.R. £dw. 1, iv. 317; Rot. Pari. L i62>. FitxWaher apparcDdy 
absofbed it in hb mansinn, Stow seems to have confased it wkk 
St. Stephen's, see pL 336bek>w. 

L 12. place of tJU samte Roiert, In the Grocerf ArdkrsKs (pc 16a, 
ed. Kingdoo^ there is record of a payment made in 1437 ' par k p-^^^t 
de nostre pboe appeBe le Scignoor VitiWatcr'. Ob Not. i, 1499^ 



Notes 335 

William Cambridge, Thomas Knolles the younger, and other grocers, 
had licence to grant in mortmain to the wardens their Inn in the Old 
Jewry, which lately was of Walter, Lord FitzWautcr (C P, R. Henry VI, 
ii. 78). Robert FitzWalter (d. 1234) had his house here (Madox, Hist. 
Excheq, i. 235). 

1. 22. hath to signe a Windmill, The Windmill was a famous tavern 
in the time of Queen Elizabeth. One of the scenes of Ben Jonson's Every 
Man in his Humour is placed there. 

279, 1. 30. Semayne orBeUaster^ &c. Stow has given the facts correctly 
enough, but has corrupted the names, which should be Semane the cross- 
bowman {palistarius) ; Bonevia Mitun, Thomas Bukerell, John de Gys6 
('Guso'); Lewis the painter; Walter Avener ('Tumar'); Hugh Hare- 
man; Mose de Cantabrigia (i.e. Cambridge); Emard RufTus ('Arnold 
le Reus *). The date is July, 1227. (Cal, Charter Rolls, i. 54-5 ; see also 
Col. Close Rolls^ Henry III, i. 41, 55— reading 'Mosse Bugus' — and 
Watney, Account of St, Thomas of Acon^ pp. 256, 276 — reading ' Mokeas 
Bugis de Grauntebrige '.) For the house of Bonevie, son of Samuel 
Muton, in Westcheap in 1 221, see Anc. Deeds^ A. 13423. 

280, L 35. a lewe at Tewkesbery. The story comes from the London 
Chronicles (Chron, Lond. 5). Camden (Remains y p. 304) gives three lines 
in reference thereto : — 

Tende manus, Salomon, ego te de stercore toUam. 
Sabbata nostra colo ; de stercore suigere nolo. 
Sabbata nostra, quidem, Salomon, celebrabis ibidem. 

281, 1. 34. Fereno, Presumably a mistake for 'ferronarius', or 'fer- 
roun *, an ironmonger. 

282, 1. la Richard Chamberlaine. In Harley MS. 538 : ' Richard 
Chamberlaine, ironmonger, one of the shrives of London in the yere 1562, 
deceased 1566, and was there buried with this epitaphe : — 

To the pore he was liberall and gave for God's sake, 
But now his fame is plentifull and he a hevenly make. 
He was lyke to^ one of us, accordinge to our moulde, 
But now he is unlyke to^ us according to herroulde '. 
His tyme was short, in sycknes rare, as to all is knowne. 
But now his tyme shall longe endure, and never be overthrowne.' 
Richard Chamberlain was fether of John Chamberlain the letter-writer. 
L 23. princifiall palace. The grant, on March 27, 1438, was to John 
Stout and Robert Savage of the office of porter within the palace of the 
principality [of Wales] in the Old Jewry (C. P. R. Henry VI, iii. 196). 
Stout held his office by a grant of Henry V (id. i. 64). 

L 38. Jirst builder or owner cf Coleman streete. Riley suggested that 
the name was due to coalmen or charcoal burners, who settled there in 
convenient proximity to the Moor (Memorials^ p. xix). But the name 
may be traced back to the ' Ceolmundingehaga ' or farm of Ceolmund, 

^ Mmiday omits to in both places. 

' Hmiday reads : is heavtn whcss he would. 



336 



Notes 



near the Westgate, which is mentioned in a charter of Buriired of Merda 
(circa 857, ap. Thorpe, Diplotnatarium^ 11%). Stow hhnself gives an 
instance of Coleman Street in 1227 : see vol i. 279. ' Coleman cheriche' 
occurs in a charter of Agnes Becket to the nuns of Clerkenweli {Cotton 
AfS.f Faustina, B. II. f. 72). Reginald Coleman's will is dated Nov. ll, 
1383 (Co/. IViUSf ii. 246). For the church see below. 

284, L 2. Rahere de Sopors lane. No doubt Richard de Refham, 
who was mayor in 1310^11. He is called Richard de Soperslane in the 
Short English Chronicle^ ap. Three Fifteenth Century Chronicles^ and 
Richer de Refham in his will ; he had property in Coleman Street and 
Bassishaw (Co/. Wills^ i. 339). Stow's authority is the church-book of 
St. Stephen, Coleman Street, cf. Archaeologia^ 1. 53. 

1. 32. This Church, In Newcourt's Repertorium^ i. 535, it is shown 
that St. Stephen, Coleman Street, existed in the time of Ralph de Diceto 
(i 181-1204), and that it was a chapel of St Olaves in 1322, and finally 
constituted an independent parish diurch in 1456 (not in 1467 as stated 
by Stow). In describing it as at one time a Synagogue Stow seems to 
have confused it with the Chapel of the Friars of the Sack, see p. 334 above. 
For the church-books see Archaeologia^ vol. 1. pp. 17-57. 

285, 1. 9. Bassings holly &c The oldest note I find is (d the parish 
of ' Bassingshage ' in 1160-81 (Hist, MSS, Comm, 9th Rep. 20). It 
appears both as ' Basyngyshawe ' and ' Bassishagthe ' in 1246 (Watney, 
Account of Stf Thomas Aeon, 274-5), * Bassieshawe * in 1278, and 
' Bassinghawe ' in 1284 (Col, IVills, i. 36, 70). Basings Haw means the 
enclosure of the Basings. Riley (MemorialSy p. xix) is clearly mistaken 
in distinguishing * Bassishaw', the ward, as the haw of the Bassets, from 
Basinghall (the later Blackwell Hall), or the house of the Basings. 
Basinghall is a corruption. The ward is called 'Bassingeshol' and 
* Bassyeshaw * in the Hundred Rolls, i. 403, 431. The connexion of the 
Basings with Blackwell Hall is doubtful (see note below). 

1. 22. a Charter of Henrie the second. This charter appears in two 
places in the Liher Custumarum (Afun. Gild. II. i. 33, 48), in the first in 
its original form, in the latter as confirmed by Henry III in 1243. Stow 
translates the former. The second witness appears in the original as 
' Warino filio Gerardi, Camerario ', and in the confirmation as ' Waltero, 
filio Gerin, Comite'. The Charter in the possession of the Weavers 
Company is attested by T. Cane. (i. e. Thomas— Becket— Cancellarius) 
and Warino Filio Geroldi Camerario ; the date can be fixed as Sept. 1 155. 
See Letter^Booh D, 221. 

286, 1. 28. Bakewell hall. In 1280 Sir Roger Clifford gave to the 
City his great hall, next to the Guildhall in the parish of St Michael 
Bassishaw (Ann. Lond. 89; Letter-Book A, 227, 229), From the 
Hundred Roll (i. 403 ^, 431) it would appear that this house previously 
belonged to John FitzJoAm, who built it on the site of Jews' houses 
destroyed during the war. In 1293 the City transferred this tenement, 
except for a part previously sold, to John de Bauquell (Cal. Charter Rolls, 



Notes 337 

ii. 434 ; Letter Book C, 12). To the family of Bauquell or Backwell it 
owed its later name. In 1337 there is mention of the chamber of the 
late John de Baukewell {uL £, 304). Robert Bakwell held it some time 
before 1395 (P^* WUis, ii. 536 /f.). Stow seems to be mistaken in con- 
necting it with the Basings. The only Basing arms I have found were : 
^Or, ^vt eagles displayed sable^two, two, and one, a canton ermine' 
(as given by Munday, ed. 1633, P- 539)* '^^ Clifford arms were: 
' Chequer, azure and or.' I suspect it was these latter which Stow saw 
and described from memory, incorrectly, as : ' Gerond (gyronny) of twelve 
points, gold, and azure,' which were, it is true, used by some of the 
Bassingbomes (Papworth, Ordinary^ ii. 901). Blackwell Hall was acquired 
by the City in 19 Richard II (1395-6, not 20 Richard II, as on i. 288). 
See Col. Inq. p. mt., iii. 195. 

287, L 39. Vnto this Adam de Bossing; &c. Confirmation to him of 
the dwelling-house of Gervase de Aldermanbury, and advowsons of 
S. Michael Bassishaw and other churches (Hist, AfSS, Comm., 9th Rep. 
17 ; Cat, Charter Rolis^ i. 313). Adam and his son Thomas had lived in 
Aldermanbury for some years before 1275, when complaint was made of 
encroachments there {Hundred Roils, u 403 b sqq.). 

292» 1. I a Touching the antiquitie, ' Aldresmanesberi ' is mentioned 
in a docuihent drawn up about 11 30 {Hist, MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 66). 
The Terra Giaiie mentioned in the same place is probably the oldest 
reference to the GuildhalL ' Bury' in London meant little more than a 
large house, as notably in the case of Bucklersbury (see p. 329). So Stow's 
e3q;>lanation of Aldermanbury, as the bury or Court-hall of the aldermen, 
now called the Guildhall, seems sound. Mr. Price (Account of the Guild* 
hall^ 34-40) has shown that the old Guild Hall was near the west end of 
the present one, as Stow describes. The Osney Register is now at Christ 
Church, Oxford ; a facsimile of ' Richard Renery's grant ' is given in Price's 
Account of the Guildhall, P- 35* 

1. 22. / my selfe haue scene the ruines, &c. An early memory of 
Stow's. In August, 1 5 3 1 , was begun the ' clensyng of certeyn olde ruinouse 
houses and grounde lying in Aldermanbury, sumtyme the Place of Sainct 
Aethelbert kyng ' (Hist. MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 44). 

1. 36. a shanke bone of a man. WiUiam Harrison, writing of the bones 
of giants in his Description of Britain (ap. Holinshed, Chronicles, i. 19), 
says : ' Another also is to be seene in Alderman burie ... of 32 inches 
and rather more, whereof the symmetric hath beene taken by some skilfull 
in that practise, and an image made according to that proportion, which 
is fixt on the east end of the cloister of the same church, not farre from 
the said bone, and sheweth the person of a man full ten or eleven feet 
high, which as some say was found in the closter of Poules, that was 
neere to the librarie, at such time as the Duke of Somerset did pull it 
doune to the verie foundation, and carried the stones thereof to the Strand, 
whexe he did build his house.' 

298. 1. 17. Simon Winchcombe, Esquier^ ijgi. A Simon Winchcombe 

STOW. II Z 



338 



Notes 



was buried here in 1399 (Cal. WUls^ 11. 340). He was an armourer: 
Stow may have confused armurarius and armiger. 

1. 18. John Wheailey. Whatele in his wiU {id. ii. 458). CL i. 257, 
37a 
2M, 1. sa Henry Frowike. Died 1378. Col. Wills, ii. soi. 

L 36. coHuerted into aparrish Church, On the remains of this later 
St. Alphage, see articles by Mr. Philip Norman in Architectural Review^ 
March, 1907, and Archoieologia, Ix. 169. 

1. 35. sir lohn Williams. He had a grant of Elsing Spittal in 1540 
(Letters and Papers, xv. 612(7)). For the fire see Wriothesley, Ch'on. 

«• 133. 
295, 1. 6. houses for wecUthy Marchantes, Milk Street was an impottant 

residential quarter : see "D^^tx, Jests to make you Merry (ap. Works, ii. 

323) : —^ Conjecturing that at that time our worthiest citizens are from 

home, they goe into Milk Street, Bread Street, Lime Street, S. Mary Axe, 

or the most priviest places where they kept their residence.' 

1. 26. Woodstreete. Probably so called from the sale of wood 

there. The name is ancient. St. Michael 'de Wodestrate' occurs 

1 1 60-8 1 {Hist, MSS. Comm,, 9th Rep. 21). 

206, L 2. Goldsmithes row. See note on p. 351. 
1. 16. monuments. There is a list in Harley MS. 6o6g, £ 58, which 
specifies Ralph, Thomas, Ralph, and Richard as the four sons of Ralph 
lUingworth, and reads ' Thomas Pipehurst * and ' Richard Tuke'. 

297, L 6. Simon de Berching. In Harley MS. 538, f. 105, the 
following is here inserted : ' Olde epitaphes on stones, where the names 
of the parties buried are gone, these : — 

The world's worshipe and honor with favour and fortune wanyth day by 

day. 
VCho may withstand death's stowre, when riche and powre she doseth 

in clay. 
Wherefore to God hartely we pray, to pardon us of our misdede. 
And help us now in our moaste nede. 

Amen. 
Another thus : — 

£che for other little syster and brother, to God we pray. 
That you here and I els where may synge and say. 
That God Almighty for his greate pitie mercy will have 
On vs wretches, and from payne fetche vs, to make vs save.' 

L 22. Huggen lane. The name is older than Stow supposed. 
'Hoggenelane' occurs in 1275, and 'S. Michael de Hoggcndane in 
Vodestrate' in 1288 {Cal, WiUs, i. 25, 83). As Hoggeslane it occurs in 
1234 {Cotton MS,, Faustina, B. H. I 89^0). 

I 36. monumentes. The Ust in ^tfr/^r il/5. 6069, £ 58, is :' William 
Sonne of Thomas Bamburgh, squyre ; William Man^ squyre ; WiUiam 
Taveoer, squyre; John Coraunt* 



Notes 339 



298, 1. I. John Nash. In Harley MS. 538, f. los^o, the epitaph is 
given : — 

For Jhesus love pray for me, 

Such as I am so shall ye be. 

John Nashe, citizen of London, sometyme was I, 

More then yere forty and thre. 

I pray yow for some charitie, 

Remember hym and his wyves thre, 

Which hight Elizabeth, Margaret, and Margerye. 

I parted to God in the yere of grace 

A thousand foure hundred six and sixty, 

That day trewly. 
God of his goodnes grant vs his mercy. 
And in the worshipe of the Trinitye 
For owre soules say a pater noster and ave. 

1. 4. Wiliiam Lamharde. The author of the Perambulation of Kent ^ 
which suggested to Stow the form of the Survey. 

1. 29. Blacke Hall, ' Le Blakegate' is mentioned in 1348, and a 
tenement called 'Blackhalle' in 1361 ; both of St. Michael, Wood St 
{Col. IVillSf i. 514, ii. 67). As Me Blake halle' it appears m 1384, in 
1388, and again in 1410 when it was conveyed to William Sevenoke 
(Archaeologia, Iviii. 306 ; CaL Inq. p. m,, iii. 103). 

200, 1. 9. was called Monks Wei and the street of the Wei. Stow is 
in error. Algarus de Muchewella is named in a deed of the early 12th 
century, and ' Mukewellestrate ' occurs not much later {Hist, MSS. Comm,, 
9th Rep. 23, 61). It is Mukewellestrate in 1277, and Mugwell Street as 
late as 1578 (Co/. Wills, i. 30 ; ii. 693). 

1. 29. the monuments. There is a list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 54, 
which is fuller for the Wrothesleys. For ' Cherley ' (1. 38) it reads Chorley. 
800, 1. 21. Robert Crowley. Stow, in his Memoranda, 139, writes of 
bim under date 1567 as 'Somtym a boke sellar, now redar at Sent 
Antholyns, person of S. Petar y^ Powre, prebend of Pawlls, vickar of 
S. Gills withowt Criplegate, and deane of Harfford ' in Wales ', and says 
that at the time of the order on the use of Surplices he compiled a book 
called * ¥• Unffoldynge of y« Popyshe atyr *. This book does not appear 
amongst Crowley's numerous printed works. Crowley died in 1588. See 
Diet. Nat. Biog. xiii. 241. 

]. 21. foure vnder one olde stone. According to the Latin inscription 
given by Munday (Survey, p. 313, cd. 1633) the stone was for three persons 
only, viz. William Bullen (d. 1576) physician, Richard Bullen (//. 1563) 
preacher, and John Foxe (d, 1587). The inscription is dated 1587 ; Stow's 
reference to a ' W. Bolene, physician, 1587*, is probably due to a mis- 
reading. 
801, 1. 38. Beech lane. The street called ' la beche ' in St. Giles witta« 

' He wu really archdeacon of Hereford. 

Z 3 



340 Notes 

out Crepelgate occurs in 1257 (Anc. Deeds, A. 2263), ' Bechestrele ' in 
1285, and 'Beche lane' in 1333 (Col. Wills, i. 74, 402). The name is 
therefore older than Nicholas de la Beech. It may be connected with the 
spring caUed ' Wittewellebech ' mentioned in a charter of Henry II in 1182 
{Cotlon MS., Faustina, B. II. f. 6 ; the * Witebek ' oiFeet 0/ Fines in 1 197), 
and as ' Whittewellebeche ' in 1381 {Memorials, 451). 

802, 1. 6. Abbot of Ramsey. There is mention of the Abbot* s house in 
London in 1 1 14-30 (Cart, de Rameseia, i. 140, 242 ; ii. 133). The Abbot's 
lodging of Ramsey in Whitecross Street was granted to John Gates 
(d. 1553) on 5 July, 1545 {Letters and Papers, xix(i). p. 623). Sir Drewe 
Drewrie (1531 ?-i6i7) was a wealthy courtier of Elizabeth and friend of 
his neighbour, Lord Willoughby. See Diet. Nat. Biog. xvi. 54. 

1. 31. Base court. ' Le Bas Court by Crypelgate ' was granted to 
Robert Ufford on the treason of John Maltravers in 133 1 (C P. R. 
Edw. Ill, ii. 73). On the death of William UfTord, second and last earl, 
in 1382, it passed to his nephew Robert, Lord Willoughby d'Eresby {Cat. 
Inq. p. m. iii. 40, 209). As ' Barrecan ', otherwise ' Barbycane * or ' Bas- 
court', William, Lord Willoughby d'Eresby, held it in 15 19 (Hardy and 
Page, Fines, ii. 24-5). His daughter and heiress, Katherine, Duchess of 
Suffolk, was mother by her second marriage of Peregrine Bertie {d. 1601), 
who refers in his will to his 'great mansion-house called Willoughby 
House or Barbican ' {Five Generations of a Loyal House, i. 439). 

' Barbican ' has nothing to do with ' burgh-kenning ' ; the word came 
to English through the O. F. barbacane and Low Latin barbacana, an out- 
work. It is of uncertain, but possibly Oriental, origin. See N. E. D. 

303, 1. 36. Shelly house. The rents and houses of Thomas Shelly, 
between the church of St. Mary at the end of Stanynglaneend and Adlyng- 
strete, were forfeited in Feb. 1400 (C. P* R. Henry IV, i. 193). Sir John 
Colepepper owned the tenement called ' Shelles ' in 1482 (Co/. Inq. p. m. 
iv. 408). 

304, L 4. Sergeant Fleetwoods house. He commonly dated his letters 
as from Bacon house (cf. Lansdowne MSS. 24 and 26, for 1 576-78). 

1. 32. Stayning lane. Professor Maitland suggested that the name 
was due to the fact that it once contained the haws of the men of Staines 
{Domesday and Beyond, 181). The Confessor had granted to St. Peter, 
Westminster, the manor of Staines, with the land called ' Stseningehaga ' 
within London and all other things that had belonged to Staines (Kemble, 
Codex, dccclv), St. Mary Stayning is called ' Ecclesia de Staningehage ' 
in 1 1 89 in the Clerkenwell Chartulary {Cotton MS., Faustina, B. II. f.9). 

306, 1.7. Engaine lane, or May den lane. * Englenelane' in 1282 {Letter 
Book A, 1 54) and ' Ingenlane * in 1 382 {Cal. Wills, ii. 236). Cf. vol. i. 298. 
1. 8. S. John S<uhary, or Zachary, from the Zachary to whom the 
Canons of St. Paul's granted the church of St. John the Baptist in the 
twelfth century {Hist. MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 13 ^, 64). 

1. 19. John Adis . • . 1400, Munday {Survey, p. 322, ed. 1633) gives 
the date from his tomb as Feb. 28, 1461 ; Strype as 147a 



Notes 341 

1. 20. John Francis^ &c. According to the inscriptions given by 
Munday he died on Dec. 13, 1405, and his wife on Oct. 11, 1432. He 
was also called Godman (CaL Wills ^ ii. 364). 

1. 21. I\phn\ Sutton . . . 1413. Munday gives the date from his tomb 
July 6, 1450, which shows that he was the alderman killed on London 
Bridge in Cade's rebellion (Chron, Land, 161), not the sherifTof 141 3. 

1. 22. Bartholomew Seman. He founded a chantry here, but directed 
that he should be buried at St. Andrew, Comhill {Col, Wills, ii. 456, 459). 

1. 25. Christopher Eliot . . . /jof. Strype gives 1509, which is correct. 
Cf. 1. 24. 

1. 31. John Cornish, In Harley MS, 538, f. io8^*>, the epitaph is 
given : — 

When I alyve was, bothe more and lesse, even in lyke case right so be ye, 
In piteous array, as ye se may, it is no nay, so shall ye be. 
Yourselfe make mone, or ye have gon, I pray eche one to pray for me 
Without delay ; past is the day, I may not pray, now pray ye. 
Remembre your charitie, eueryche one for the soule of John Comishe 

hens gon, 

a pater noster and ave. 
The whiche in the monthe of June deceased the seventene day serteynly, 
In the Yere of our Lord M.cccc four and seventy, with de profundis clamavi. 

I. 36. as some haue fabuled. This is hardly fair to Grafton, who gives 
the story for what it is worth {^Abridgment of Chronicles , p. 136, ed. 1572). 
Stow himself took the pains to copy it out as follows (Harley MS. 367, 

f. 19): 

^The aforsayd maior Syr Bartilmew Rede kept his maioralty in the 

golde smiths hall in London. And it happened on that tyme that the 

admirall and certeyn other noble men came as Ambassadors from the 

Frcnche Kynge to the Kynge of England ; whom the Kynge did very 

honourably feaste and entertayne, and comanded also the mayor to enter- 

tayne them in the citie of London in the best maner that he might. 

Whereupon he desired them to dinner. At whiche dinner the ambassadors, 

beinge accompanied with many lords and gentlemen to the nomber of an 

hundered persons and mo, were placed in the Goldsmiths Hall, where 

they filled thre longe tables, and were served with thre courses of all 

meates that, might be gotten for money. At the first course everye messe 

was served with xv dishes. At the second xii dishes. At the third x 

dishes. So that in the whole there was servyd in the Hall xv messes and 

to every messe xxxvii dishes of meate. The first course was served all in 

vessels of new white silvar, the second in new silvar parcell gilt, the third 

in new silvar all gilt ; beinge all marked newly with his owne marke. And 

no dishe nor meate was caried out of the hall untill the dyner was done, 

for as they were taken of the table, so they were set within a parke finely 

paled, and coningly dressed and garnished with all maner of swete and 

goodly flowers in the midste of the hall. And after diner the same meate 



342 Notes 

was caried out at the gate, and immediatly given to the pore, that were 
orderly placed in the strete ready to receyve the same. After diner 
amonge the other gestes was an Italyan, a Jeweller, and he shewed forthe 
a stone of greate valine, and sayd that he had oferyd the same to the 
Emperour, the Frenche Kynge, and the Kynge of England, but none of 
them wotdd give the valine thereof. The maior hard hym, and sayd : 
"Have ye ofered it to our Sovereigne lord the Kynges grace?" The 
Straunger aunswered : ** Ye." Then sayth the Maior : " Thinke you the 
kynges grace refused it for want of treasure ; let me see it," sayd he, and 
askyd hym what he valued at. The straunger sayd a thousand markes. 
" And will that buy it," sayth the maior. *' Ye,** sayth the straunger. 
Then the maior toke the Jewell, and comanded one to bring him a spice 
mortar and a pestle, and willed his officer to beate it to powder, and so 
he did. Then the maior called for a cup of wyne, and put it in the cup 
and dranke it of clene, and sayd to the Straunger : " Speke honorably 
of the kynge of England, for thou hast now sene one of his pore subjects 
drinke a thousand markes at a draught." And then comanded his money 
to be payd hym. This I found writen in the maner that I have told it in 
the ende of an olde booke in the Grey friars library in London, writen by 
one friar Jones.' 
306, 1. 35. Epitaph* It is completed in Harley MS. 538 thus : 

Wherfore Jhesu, that of Mary spronge. 
Set theyr sowles thy sayntes amonge, 
Thoughe it be undeserved on theyr syde, 
Yet good lord let them evermore thy mercy abyde. 
And of your charitie say a pater noster and a ave mary. 

S07, 1. 15. these verses. To be read thus : 

Quos anguis tristi diro cum vulnere stravit, 
Hos sanguis Christi miro tum munere lavit. 

Similar verses occur elsewhere, as on the church at Champ^ry in 
Switzerland, and in Weever's Ancient Funeral Monuments. 

L 19. William Gregory. This is the possible author of part of 
Gregorys Chronicle. In his principal will he describes himself as of 
St. Mary Aldermary parish, and provides for his obit to be kept there 
(Collections of a London Citizen^ pp. xlii-xlix). However, by another 
will he endowed a chantry at the church of SS. Anne and Agnes within 
Aldersgate for the souls of Margaret Holmhegge and others (JCal. WiUs, 
iL 557 ; see also, 556-7, 567, 573)- 

1. 27. This colledge. See A. J. Kempe's Historical Notices of St. 
Martin le Grcmd, where the Charter of William I (see note on pp. 270-1 
above) is given on pp. 174-6, and other documents relating to the dispute 
in 1440 on pp. 1 1 7-33, together with the ordinance of 1457 on pp. 146-50 
(the last is also given by Munday, pp. 327-30). The privileges of the 
Sanctuary had long been abused. Early in the sixteenth century Sir T. 
More {Hist, of Richard III) wrote of the sanctuaries at Westminster and 



Notes 343 

St. Martin's : ' What a rabble of theves, murtherers, and malicious 
heyghnous Thutours, and that in twoo places specyallye. The tone at 
the elbowe of the Citie, the tother in the very bowelles.' Complaint of 
the disorders in St. Martin's was made to Burghley in 1 593 (Kempe» u. s, 
pp. 168-70). The privileges were abolished in the reign of James I. 

1. 31. in the yeare aforesaid. That is in 19 Henry VI, which began 
on Sept. 1, 1440, shortly before the end of Malpas's and Marshall's year of 
office. For a full exemplification of the record see C P. R, Henry VI, iii. 

569-70- 

809, L 5. siraungers borne. In Elizabeth's time the Liberty was occu- 
pied chiefly by foreigners, French, Dutch, and Germans, who worked as 
shoemakers (see i. 81 and ii. 281), and manufiicturers of counterfeit plate, 
sham jewellery, embroideries and lace. Hence Stow's covert description 
of it as a den of thieves. So Dekker and Webster in Westward Ho / 
Act II. so. i : ' You must to St. Martin's to buy lace.' Richard Braith- 
waite, in 1658, in The Honest Ghost, p. 167 : — 

By this he travells to Saint Martin's lane. 
And to the shops he goes to buy a chaine.' 

Butler, in The Lad/s Answer to Hudibras, 11. 59, 60, refers to : 

false St. Martin's beads 
Which on our lips you lay for reds. 

1. 13. Northumberland house, Henry Percy, second Lord, had his 
house here in 1353 {Cat, Inq,p, m. iL 174, 288). Henry Percy, first Earl 
of Northumberland, gave it to his son Henry (Hotspur), at whose death 
in 1403 his two Inns in ' Aldrichgate strete ' were granted to Richard, lord 
Grey (C P. R. Henry IV, ii. 408 ; iii. 214). By other grants on July 22, 
1405, and April 8, 1406, they were given to Queen Joanna, who held them 
till her death {id, iii. 34, 169). On July 1 1, 1437, the King's place, formerly 
called ' Queen Johanne Wardrobe ', was granted to Thomas Aldenham 
{id. Henry VI, iii. 68, 152, afS^o). The Percies were endeavouring to 
recover it in 1435 (^* i^* Sy^^)i ^^^ eventually succeeded ; for, on the 
attainder of the third Earl, this and the other Northumberland house in 
Aldgate were granted to George, Duke of Clarence {id, Edw. IV, 

i. 48, 199)- 

dlly 1. 21. Nicholas Farendon son to the said Wiliiam, Stow's account 
of the Farringdon family is inaccurate. William died in 1294, leaving his 
property to his wife Isabella for life, and at her death to Nicholas his 
son-in-law and Isabella his daughter. This Nicholas Farringdon, who 
was mayor in 1308, 13 13, 1320, and 1323, was probably the Nicholas, son 
of Ralph le Fevre, to whom, according to a deed cited by Antony 
Munday {Survey^ p. 336, ed. 1633), William granted the aldermanry in 
1293. Nicholas died in 1334, and was buried before the altar of St. Dunstan 
at St. Paul's Cathedral {Hist. MSS, Comm., 9th Rep. 3). Through his 
daughter Roysia, or Rosia, he was grandfather of a second Nicholas 
Farringdon, who was never alderman, and dying in 1361 was buried at 



344 Notes 

St. Peter's in Cheap (CaL Wills, i. ii«, 397, ii. 18). The undivided 
Farringdon Ward was called the Ward of Ludgate and Newgate in 
1285-6, but Famdon Infra and Famdon Extra in 1319-20 («/• i. 702-4). 
Nidiolas de Famdon bequeathed it in 1334 to John de Pulteney as the 
' Aldermanry of Famdon within Ludgate and Newgate and without '. 

814, 1. 2. John Sha. In his will he gave direction for the performance 
of the will of 'myn uncle Sir Edmonde Shaa knyght concemyng the 
continuance of dayly servyce to be songe and done withyn the parish 
church of St. Peter in Chepe. ... I wyll that my executors shall cause 
y* said churche of Saint Petur to be bylded and made with a flat roofe. 
And also the Stepull there to be made up in a gode and convenient 
manner.' Trans. Land, and Midd. iii. 348. The exact relationship of 
John and Edmond Shaw is given here alone. 

1. 8. buried in this Church. Strype corrects the dates for Thomas 
Atkyns, ob. Aug. 15, i486, and Richard Hadley, ob. Jan. 21, 1492, quoting 
the inscriptions. For Palmer he gives 1513, for Warley 1524, for Munday 
1527. The Nicholas Farendon, who was buried here, was not the mayor 
but his grandson (see note above). 

William Rus in his will (Cal. Wills^ ii. 483) directed that he should be 
buried at St. Michael, Comhill. See i. 196, ii. 305 above. The list for 
St. Peter's in Harley MS. 6069, f. 58, reads ' William Bowse '. 

1. 33. Fauster lane. A cormption of St. Vedast's. It appears as 
'Seint Fastes lane', and 'Venella Sancti Vedasti' in the fourteenth 
century (Hisl. MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 13). 

816, 1. I. William Trist^Selerar. Meaning William Tristour, saddler, 
who died in 1425. Another William Trystour, saddler, was buried here 
in 1439 (^<^* ^illh li* 442) 489). 

1. 15. Seale. The common seal still bears the inscription 'Sigillum 
Baronum Londoniarum ' ; the City arms were substituted for the figure 
of Thomas Becket in 1539. See Price, Account of the Guildhall^ 12-13. 
1. 20. one great house. Ralph Neville had tenements in Silver Street 
at the comer of Mugwell (Monk's Well) Street in 1367. John Neville 
{d. 1388) of Raby was his son. John's second wife, Elizabeth {d. 1395), 
heiress of William, Lord Latimer, was mother of John Neville (d. 1430), 
Lord Latimer. John, Lord Latimer, sold his barony to his half-brother, 
Ralph (d. 1425), first Earl of Westmorland, who died seized of 'Nevils 
Inn ' in St. Olave parish in Farringdon Ward. Ralph (d. 1484), second 
Eari, held * Neville Inn' in Silver Street (CaL Inq.p, m. ii. 281, iii. 102, 
192 ; iv. 103, 419). Dorothy Neville, daughter of Ralph {d. 1550), fourth 
Earl, married John de Vere, sixteenth Earl of Oxford ; her only child, 
Katherine, married Edward, Lord Windsor {d. 1574), whose tomb is in 
the church of SS. Giovanni e Paolo at Venice ; Lady Windsor died in 
1600. 

1. 25. Monks well street. See note on p. 339. 

816, 1. 19. he deceased in theyeare 7577. William Lambe died April 30, 
1580. He was seized of 'le St. Jaemes Chappell at London Wall\ and 



Notes 345 

left it with other property to the Clothworkers for charitable and pious 
uses (Inq, p. m. London, liL 99-101 ; Ca/. Wills, ii. 703). See Gent, 
Mag. Library, xv. 288-93, describing the ruins in 1825. 

1. 37. stinking lane. No doubt the ^ Stukandelane ' or ' Stigandes- 
lane' which was obstructed by the Grey Friars in 1275 {Hundred Rolls, 
i. 404). 

819» 1. 37. Monuments, Stow's list is based on that in the Register of 
Greyfriars in Cotton MS,, Vitellius, F. xii, which is printed in Collectanea 
Topographica et Genealogica, v. 275-90, 385-98. The original contains 
many names and dates not given by Stow, and supplies some corrections, 
viz.: p. 321, 1. 5, Bartholomew de Castro (or de Castle, see Cal, Wills, 
i. 128) ; 1. 22, ' two daughters of Alleyne Cheyny ' (due filie) ; 1. 29, 
* Thomas Ap (k Parr) et Johannes Mylwater '; 1. 31, John Water probably 
died in 1502 ; 1. 34, William Huddy was not buried here, the entry refers 
to his wife Anne, who was widow of John Moyle. P. 322, 1. 8, Chyrch- 
eerd; 1. 11, Philip Pettys ; L 13, Henry Reston ; 1. 17, John Treszawell. 

' Patar, bishc^ of Carbon' (p. 320, 1. 12) is Peter, bishop of Corbavia 
in Dalmatia, who was suffragan of London, Canterbury, and Winchester 
(Stubbs, Reg, Sacr. Angl, 195, ed. 1897; Ann, Paul, 340). Henry 
Frowike (p. 322, 1. 10) is the sheriff of 1275, ^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^A ijfist, MSS, 
Comm,, 9th Rep. 46). 

829^ II. 36-7. H, Reade , , , 1450, A misprint His will, dated Sept. 6, 
1420, was enrolled March 2, 1421 (Cal, Wills, ii. 423). 

d24, 1. 7. Aedelbertus Rex, &c. This charter is contained in a register 
at St. Paul's, whence it has been printed in Dugdale, History ofSt,PauVs, 
p. 288, Kemble, Cod, Dipt, dccccbcxxii, Haddan and Stubbs, Councils, 
iii. 60, and Birch, Cartularium Saxonicum, i. 14. It is marked as spurious 
or questionable both by Kemble and by Stubbs. 

1. 15. Stortford, &c This grant is an 0.£. charter of William I, 
printed in Dugdale, St, Paul's, p. 304. 

L 16. He also confirmed, &c. These two charters are printed in 
Dugdale, St, PauPs, p. 298 ; viz. a Latin charter confirming the grant of 
i^thelberht, and the other appearing to be a Latin translation of a writ 
drawn up in 0.£. The latter is given from Charter Roll, 9 Edw. II, 
No. 37, and Pat. i Henry V. Earlier and better texts occur in Cartae 
Antiquae, C. C. No. 14 (circa 1200), and A i, and BB. No. 9 (slightly 
later). 

825, 1. 28. pl(ue of assembly. For early (twelfth century) regulations on 
the chief folkmotes, viz. at Michaelmas to hear the sheriff's charge, at 
Christmas to keep the wards, and at Midsummer for watch against fire, 
see Eng, Hist, Rev, xvii. 502, and Mun, Gild, I. 118-9. The folkmote 
was to be summoned by the great bell at St. Paul's. See also note on 
p. 278 above. For the pleas in 1320 see Mun, Gild, II. i. 338-43. For 
Folkmotes at Paul's Cross see i. 331, and note on next page. 

827, 1. 10. The height, &c. Wren measured the tower as 260 feet 
high, but estimated that the spire had been no more than 200 (Parentalia, 



346 



Notes 



274). The dimensions of old St. Paul's are given variously. See 
Sparrow-Simpson's Documents illustrating the History of St. PauTs, 

pp. 191-3. 

1. 32. dance 0/ death. Sir Thomas More (JVorJks, p. 77, ed. 1557) 

alludes to the paintings at St. Paul's : ' But if we not only hear this wofd 
Death, but also let sink into our hearts the very fantasy and deep imagina- 
tion thereof, we shall perceive thereby that we wer never so gretly moved 
by the beholding of TAe Daunce of Death pictured on Pawles as we shal 
fele ourself stered and altered by the feling of that imaginacion in our 
hearts. And no mervel. For those pictures expresse only the lothely 
figure of our ded bony bodies.' Lydgate's verses were printed at the end 
of Tottell's edition of The Falls of Princes in 1554; also in Dugdale's 
History of St, Paul's, 419-27 , and in Douce's The dance of death. See 
also vol i. p. 109 above. 

828, 1. 3. afayre Librarie, Leland (Collectanea, iv. 47-8) gives a list of 
twenty-one manuscripts ; there is a full list drawn up in 1458 in Dugdale*s 
History of St, Paul's, 393-9* Only three can now be traced : (i) A MS. 
of Avicenna; (2) The Chronicle of Ralph de Diceto in the Lambeth 
Palace Library ; (3) The Miracles of the Virgin in the Aberdeen Univer- 
sity Library. A Psalterium now in the Cathedral Library was probably 
one of the Service-books of old St. Paul's. See Sparrow-Simpson, 
Gleanings from Old St, Paul's, 37-9. 

881, 1. 8. The very antiquity of which Crosse, It is mentioned in Lib, 
de Ant, Legg, 9, under date 1241, when Henry III took leave of the citizens 
for his journey to Gascony 'ad crucem Sancti Pauli', Stow's instance 
in 1259 was on a like occasion, when Henry met the citizens *populo in 
Folkesmoto congregato ' (Lib, de Ant, Legg, 42). On the early history 
of Paul's Cross see Sparrow-Simpson, Hist, of Old St, PauPs, 149-72. 

1. 27. the steeple of Saint Paules, Stow's narrative is an abbreviation 
of his original Memorandum; 'Anno 1561, y® 4 day of June, between 
4 and 5 of y® cloke in y® aftar nonne, beynge Wedynsday and Corpus 
Cristi eve, y^ stepull of PowUes was fyeryd by lyghtnynge, y^ whiche 
lytenynge dyd take y® stepulle, as it dyd seme to y* beholders, y^ space 
of ij or iij yardes benethe y* crosse and so bymt round abought in y^ 
same place that y^ toppe felle of with y^ cross wnperyshed (or wnbymt) 
and y^ crosse fell southe, and so the sphere bymt downe ward lyke as 
a candil consumyng, to y® stone werke and y^ bells and so to y^ rouffe 
of y^ churche, and thorow y^ rouflfes of y* churche all fowre ways, east, 
west, northe, and sowthe. Within y® qwiers or chawnsylls was brynt no 
thyng but only y* communion table, and in y* rest of y* churche was 
brynt nothing but a sartayn tymber werke whiche stode at y* northe-west 
pyllar of y* stepull, which was fyered with y* tymber that fell in to y* 
churche owt of y^ steple ; whiche was a lamentable syghte and pytyfuU 
remembraunce to all people that have y^ feare of God before theyr eyes, 
consyderynge it was y* hous of owre Lord, erectyd to prays hym and pray 
to hym, y* beawty of y* syte of London, y* beawty of y^ hoUe Reallme. 



Notes 347 

A mynster of suche worthy, stroi^, and costly buldynge, so large, so 
pleasant and delectable, it passyd all coniparyson, not only of mynstyrs 
within thys realme but ells where, as sure as travayll hathe taught ws in 
other realmes ethar Cristyn or hethyn. Wherfore feare we God that so 
sore hathe chatysyd us, and let ws well know that he whiche hathe not 
spayrd his owne hous wyll not spare owres, exsept we repent owr formor 
wykyd Ijrife and serve hym in holynys and newenys of lyfie, with 
a parfytt &ythe in God and parfytt charytye to owr neyghbour, y* 
whiche our Lorde for his byttar passyon grawnt. Amen.* (Mevtaranda, 
p. ii6.) 

The account in the Survey is reproduced almost verbatim from that 
in the Annales^ p. 1095, ed. 1605. See for very similar accounts, 
Machyn, Diary y p. 259, and Hay ward, AnncUs of Queen Elizabeth^ p. Z^^ 
and three other contemporary accounts in Dr. Sparrow-Simpson's Docu" 
ments Ulustrattng the History of St. Paul^s^ pp. 113-27, Camd. Soc. ; and 
History of Old St. Pau/'s, 134-42. 

882, 1. 22. through whose default God knoweth. The reference to 
Grindal in the 1598 edition (see p. 256 above) has been supposed to hint at 
some blame on his part. But this is unfounded. Hayward {Annals^ 
p. 89) says that Grindal spent 720/. 'out of his proper estate.* Grindal 
was only too zealous, for if allowed he would have stripped the lead from 
St. Bartholomew's to cover St. Paul's (Strype, Ufe of Grindal^ 93-6). 
The neglect of the Cathedral was, however, a scandal, and in 1581 the 
Lord Mayor wrote to Grindal, then Archbishop, ' that the walls were laid 
open and greatly spoiled with rain,' and prayed for his intervention, 
understanding that while bishop he ' not only gave of his own, but like 
his predecessors, had liberally borne some ordinary and yearly charge', 
and asking for his advice and that ' the yearly accounts of himself, his 
predecessors, and their officers might be seen for the city's information '. 
Grindal in reply wrote ' that he did in his time as much, or more, than 
either by law or reason he was bound' (Remembranciay 322-7). If 
Grindal could clear himself it seems less certain that Aylmer (or Elmer), his 
successor, with whom, in 1581, the Corporation was in controversy, was 
blameless. Aylmer's son had to pay in 1597 over ^£4,000 for dilapidation 
of the church and bishop's houses. The misappropriation of the money 
is referred to in the play. Nobody and Somebody (Simpson, School of 
Shakespeare^ i. p. 306) : — 

Nobody. Tie bring the tems through the middle of it, empty Moore- 
ditch at my own charge, and build up Paules-steeple without a collection. 
I see not what becomes of these collections. 

Clowne. Why, Nobody receives them. 

Nobody, I, knave ? 

Clowne. You, knave : or, as the world goes. Somebody receives all, 
and Nobody is blamed for it 

Nobody and Somebody was probably written in 1592, when the question 
was revived in Richard Rowland or Verstegen's Declaration of the True 



348 



Notes 



Causes of the Great Troubles, Bacon, replying in Observations on a Libel^ 
wrote of ' t^ie gathering of PauFs steeple ' as ' being but a voluntary col- 
lection of that men were freely disposed to give, never grew to so great 
a sum as was sufficient to finish the work, for which it was appointed, and 
so I imagine was converted to some better use \ (Life and Letters^ i. 176, 
ed. Spedding.) 

1. 25. Monumentes, See Kalendar and Lists of Obits observed in St 
Paul's, temp^ Richard II, ap. Sparrow-Simpson, Documents^ &&, pp. 
61-106, and pp. 194-202; Holland, Monumenta Sepulchraria Sancti 
Pauli, and Dugdale, History of St, PauVs Cathedral, 

Stow's lists contain numerous errors, especially of dates. Note the 
following corrections : — 

Hingham, 131 1; Robert Monden, 1338 {Cat, Wills^ i. 430 — his 
brother John was already dead); Melford, 1336; Gilbert Brewer (or 
Bruer), 1353; Richard Wendover, 1252; Adam de Bery (or Bury), 1 386; 
Roger Holmes, 1395; Thomas Euers (or Eure), 1400; Thomas More, 
142 1. Also: Ralph Donion (or Dongon), was Canon in the time of 
Edward II ; Richard Newport, Archdeacon of Middlesex 1309, is the 
bishop, who died in 1318; Swereford is a better form than Swarford. 

884, 1. 25. what I haue heard by report ^ and haue partly seene. Stow 
might have witnessed this ceremony in his youth, or he may refer only to its 
revival in 1557, of which Machyn {Diary ^ 141) writes thus: — *The last 
day of June, Saint Pauls day, was a goodly procession at Saint Pauls. 
There was a priest of every parriche of the dyosses of Londun with a 
cope, and the bishop of Londun wayreng ys myter: and after came 
a fat buck, and ys hed with the homes borne a-pone a baner-pole, and 
xl homes blohyng afor the boke and behynd.' 

For a longer account of the grants of William and Walter Baud see 
Dugdale, History of St, PauVs^ p. 12 (ed. Ellis). Camden mentions that 
he had seen the procession in his youth, no doubt referring to the revival 
of 1557 {Britannia^ ii. 81, ed. Gough). 

886, 1. 37. to serue Duke Humfrey, Munday, in his edition of the 
Survey (p. 642, ed. 1633), adds: ^ In idle and frivolous opinion of whom, 
some men, of late times, have made a solemn meeting at his tomb, upon 
St. Andrew's Day in the morning, before Christmas, and concluded on 
a breakfast or dinner ; as assuring themselves to be servants, and to hold 
diversity of offices under the Good Duke Humphrey. Likewise on May 
Day, tankard-bearers, watermen, and some other of like quality besides, 
would use to come to the same tombe early in the morning, and (accord- 
ing to the other) have delivered serviceable presentation at the same 
monument, by strewing hearbes, and sprinkling faire water on it, as in 
the dutie of servants, and according to their degrees and charges in 
office. But as Master Stow hath discreetly advised such as are so merrily 
disposed, or simply professe themselves to serve Duke Humphrey in 
Pauls, if punishment of losing their dinners dayly there be not sufficient 
for them, they should be sent to S. Albon's, to answere there for their dis- 



Notes 349 



obedience and long absence from their so highly well-deserving lord and 
master, because in their merrie disposition they please so to call him.' 

St Paul's was used regularly as a meeting-place to transact business 
(see note on p. 316 above). Fleetwood, writing to Cecil, speaks as a matter 
of course about going ' to Powles to learn some news', and of gossip, which 
had 'occupied Powles all last week' {Lansdowne MS, 24, ff. 22, 196). 
The aisles, and especially the neighbourhood of 'Duke Humphrey's 
Tomb', were the recognized haunts of loiterers, needy adventurers, and 
broken-down gallants. In Ben Jonson's Every Man in his Humour 
Captain Bobadil is called a ' Paul's man ', and in Every Man out of his 
Humour (Act ill. sc i) another such rogue is described as: 'The most 
strange piece of military profession that ever was discovered in Insula 
Paulina.' This last jest is paralleled by Samuel Rowlands's satire on the 
traveller in conceit, whose 'journey is in Paules, in the back Isles' 
{Letting of Humours^ &c, p. 46). From the loitering at St. Paul's of 
these knights of industry, who hoped there to earn a meal by their wits, 
' to dine with Duke Humphrey ' became a proverb for to go dinnerless. 
Rowlands begins a tale in his Knave of Clubs, p. 10, thus : — 

Two hungry sharks did travell Paules, 
Untill their guts cried out. 
And knew not how with both their wits, 
To bring one meal about. 

Thomas Nashe in Pierce Pennilesse (Works, ii. 18, ed. Grosart) 
writes : — ' I hearing of this colde comfort . . . like a careles malecontent, 
that knew not which way to tume, retired me to Paules to seeke my 
dinner with Duke Humfrey.' 

Similar references abound. The third chapter of Dekker's Guls Horn- 
booke is entitled 'How a Gallant should behave himself in Powles 
Walkes ', and is full of curious information (Non-Dramatic Works 
ii. 229-37, ed. Grosart). See also Milman's Annals of St, PauPs, pp. 
283-8, and Sparrow-Simpson's History of Old St, PauPs, 235-50. 

988, 1. II. a merry poet, Holland, in his Monwnenta Sepulchraria 
Sancti Pau/if vfhidi appeared in 161 4, after quoting Stow, adds: 'And 
no doubt but the merry poet was the merry old man Stow himself.' The 
lines do not appear in the original draft in Harley MS. 538. Stow, 
of course, alludes to the mediaeval legend which made St. Christopher 
a giant . In a note on ' the longitude of men ' in Lambeth MS, 306 one 
entry is : * Crystoferus, xvij fote & viij ynches.' 

Hatton's tomb was one of the sights of London, and others than Stow 
commented on its excessive size. So Corbet in his Iter Boreale : 

Nor need the Chancellor boast, whose pyramis 
Above the host and altar is. 

John- Da vies has an epigram : 

Titus, the brave and virtuous young gallant, 
•Three years together in the town hath been^ 



350 Notes 

Yet my Lord Chancellor's tomb he hath not seen, 

Nor the new waterworks nor the elephant. 
I cannot tell the cause without a smile. 
He hath been in the Counter all the while. 

880, 1. 8. Pembrooks Inne, John of Britanny, Earl of Richmond, had 
a house near Ivy Lane and Eldedenes lane (Warwick Lane) in 1313 
(Letter Book D, 291 ; but see also vol. L p. 342 above). Then Mary de 
St Pol {d. 1377), Countess of Pembroke and widow of Aymer de Valence 
(d. 1324), lived there {Letter Book G, 132 ; Col, fVi/ts, ii. 195). In 1352 
she is described as owning ' unum turellum, aedificatum cum cameris et 
cellario ' ( J/f^M. Gi/d, II. ii. 455). Her husband's heirs, the Hastings 
Earls of Pembroke, were lords of Bergavenny, and were represented in 
the female line by Henry Neville (d, 1587), Lord Bei^venny. William 
Beauchamp, Lord Bergavenny, held 'Pembrokes Inn' in 141 1, and 
Johanna his widow in 1436 (Col, Inq.p. m. iii. 332, iv. 167). 

840, 1. 29. Margaret Queene of Scots. Clearly meant for Margaret of 
Scotland, who married first Hubert de Burgh and then Gilbert Marshal. 
See ii. 89. 

1. 30. Robert de Attabeto. Robert of Artois, Count of Beaumont-le- 
Roger, who died at London on Aug. 16, 1343. Stow*s MS. list of the burials 
at Blackfriars is in Harley MS. 544, f. 68, where he writes ' Attrabeto ' ; 
also * Hotbe ' (Howth) for ' Lioth ' (p. 341, 1. 4), and ' Nicholas Carre ' for 
'Nicholas Eare' (p. 341, 1. 21). The list in Harley MS. 6033, f. 12, has 
*the lord Hothe' and 'Nicholas Carrw'. 

841, 1. 13. John Cornwall. He founded a *Comewaill Chapel* at 
Blackfriars in 1437 for himself and his wife Elizabeth of Lancaster, 
Countess of Huntingdon (C.P. R. Henry VI, iii. 55-6): see Corrigenda. 

1. 30. sir Thomas Cardett. Garden or Cawarden had a grant of 
Blackfriars on March 12, 1550. He died on Aug. 29, 1559 (Inq.p. ni. 
Lond.i i. 1 9 1-5). He was Master of the Revels and appropriated St. 
Anne's Church on the ground that it was required ' to lay in his Ma^* 
pavylyons, tentes, maskes, and reuels*. It was only under compulsion 
that he provided a room in its place (Chambers, Tudor Revels ^ 14, 15). 

1. 39. saint Michaell ad Bladum. The meaning is shown clearly in 
the description of it in the reign of Henry III as St. Michael ubi bladum 
venditur (Hist. MSS. Conwu, 9th Rep. 20 ; Cat. Wills, i. 3). In the list 
of 1303 it is St. Michael Mn Foro ad Bladum* (Mun. Gild. II. i. 229). 
Sometimes it is called simply St. Michael, Cheap, or St. Michael at Paul's 
gate. For iEl^ar, and his son Nicholas, priests of St. Michael about 
1 100, see Round, Geoffrey de Mandeville, 309-10. 

842, 1. 29. a small passage. In 1378 complaint was made that the 
common passage which had existed time out of mind had been bk)cked, 
and order was given that the doorway should be reopened (Mem&rialSt 
417-18 ; Letter Book H, 89). 

1. 37. the prerogatiue court. Robert de Avesbury, the historiaDi idio 



Notes 351 

was R^stmr of the Court of Canterbury, lived in Ivy Lane (d/. Wills^ 

ii. 7). 
d4S» 1. 4. Lcuels Inne. It was Lovell property in 1433 (Co/. Inq.p, m., 

iv. 73), but was forfeited by Francis, Viscount Lovell, in i486, and granted 
in 1488 by Henry VII to Sir John Risley (Campbell, Mat. Hist. 
Henry K//, ii. 260), and by Henry VIII in 1513 to William . Compton 
{Letters astd Papers, L 376 1 ). Now represented by Lovell*s Court. 

1. 5. Eldenese lane. The original form was Elde-denes-lane, i. e. 
Old Dean's Lane, and there is reference to Venella Veteris Decani in the 
time of Henry III (Hist. MSS. Comm., 9th Rep. 9) and in 1286 {Cat. 
Wills ^ i. 78). In the next two centuries Oldedeneslane 1365, Eldenes- 
lane 1379, and Eldedeneslane 1442, occur {id. ii. 85, 209, 497). In the 
sixteenth century it is Warwick lane, formerly called Alden's Lane. 
^Werwyk lane' occurs as early as 1475 {Paston Letters, v. 223), and 
' Warwicke lane ' in i $06 {CArcn. Lond. 261). Thomas de Beauchamp 
{d. 1569), Earl of Warwick, had his house in Eldeneslane, as also his son 
Thomas in I40i,and his grandson Richard in 1439, and Richard's daughter- 
in-law. Cicely, Duchess of Warwick, in 1450 {Col. Jnq. p.m. ii. 294, iii. 
277, iv. 191, 241). 

845, 1. 13. Thomas Tomlinsony &c. Stow*s account is based on a note 
furnished by a friend, and now preserved in Harley MS, 367, f. 47^^ : — 

'A description oCa vaute made for Thomas Tomlinson at the comer of 
Bredstreete in Cheapside. 

' The vaute being digged fifteene feete deepe there was found the said 
pavement like vnto that of Cheapside now, and at the farther ende of the 
vaute in Cheapside at ye channel was found a tree sawed into fiue steppes 
which were, as it shuld seme, to steppe over some brooke, and vppon the 
edge of the seid brooke (as it seemeth) there were found lying along the 
bodies of two greate trees, the endes whereof were then sawed, and were 
as firme timber then as at the first, when they fell ; part also of the said 
trees remaine yet in the ground vndigged. It was all forced ground vntill 
they went past the trees aforesaid.* 

Stow wrote a note at the side, but the margin has been cut. Thomas 
Tomlinson, skinner, died in 1612 {Cal. Wills, ii. 735). 

When the Saracen's Head in Cheapside was rebuilt in 1844 a Roman 
tessellated pavement was found 16 to 18 feet below the street level {London 
Topo/p^aphical Record, iv. 56). 

L 29. Goldsmithes Rowe. The goldsmiths had long occupied this 
part of Cheap. The Orfaveria in foro London is mentioned in the time 
of Henry III {Cal. Inq.post mortem^ i. 917, new ed.), and in 1290 there 
is reference to a shop in the Goldsmithery opposite St. Peter, Wood 
Street {Ced. Wills, i. 94). For Stow's time see Webster and Marston, 
The Malcontent^ Induction : Mil walk but once down by the Gold* 
smith's Row in Cheap, take notice of the signs and tell you them with 
m faveaih instantly. They begin as the world did, with Adam and Eve. 
HMHne'f ia all just five and fifty.' Paul Heatzner, the German, in his 



352 Notes 

Travels in England during the Reign of Elizabeth (p. 31, ed. Horace 
Walpole), writes : ' The streets in this city are very handsome and dean ; 
but that which is named from the goldsmiths who inhabit it, surpasses 
all the rest ; there is in it a gilt tower, with a fountain that plays. Near 
it on the further side is a handsome house, built by a goldsmith and 
presented by him to the City. There are besides to be seen in this 
street, as in all others where there are goldsmiths' shops, all sorts of 
gold and silver vessels exposed to sale, as well as ancient and modem 
medals, as must surprise a man the first time he sees and considers 
them.' 

846, L 6. Watheling streeU^ &c. See Leland, Collectanea^ iL 361-2 : 
^Nobilium via Athelingstreate, Watelingstreate comipte.' Athelinge- 
strate occurs in 12 12 (Anc, Deeds ^ A. 1499), and instances during the 
thirteenth century are common, though some may refer to Addle Street 
(Hist. MSS. Comm.y 9th Rep. 2, 4; Col. WiUs^ i. 13, 46, 157, 419— 
date 1336). The London 'Watling Street* seems to occur first in 1307 
(id, i. 1^6). For drapers of Watling Street in Stow*s time see Greene's 
Tu Quoque (Old Plays, ». 207, ed. Hazlitt) :—' He fills hb belly and 
never asks what 's to pay : wears broad-cloth, and yet dares walk Watling 
St. without any fear of his draper.' 

1. 26. Walter Turke^ &c. This comes from a Cartulary of St. Mary 
Overy, as shown by Stow's note in Harley MS. 544, f. 100. 

847, 1. 7. two priests of this churchy &c. This is reproduced verbatim 
from the London Chronicle in Harley MS. 540, f. 8^®. 

1. 22. little damnified thereby. Wriothesley gives an almost identi- 
cal account, except that he concludes : ' But the steeple was so perished 
that there was no mendinge of it but to take it downe ' (Chronicle^ ii. 146). 
Machyn (Diary ^ 209) says the dog was a spaniel. 

1. 32. the yeare 1^00 and odde^ &c The edition of 1598 reads 
' Comishe gentleman ' ; that of 1603 ' Comishe gentlemen ' ; the latter 
with its faulty punctuation led Munday to read ' 1300, and certaine 
Cornish gentlemen 131 2'. The true meaning appears in Harley MS. 
538 .'—'about the yere of Christ 1300 and odd yeres. Comishe, a gentle- 
man, was buried there in the yere 131 2.' 

I. 33. IVilliafn Palmer. Died 1349 (Cal. Wills, i. 538). 

II. 34-6. John Shadworth . . . 1428. This is the date of his first 
will ; he made a second in Jan. 1429. They were not proved till Oct 
1430 (Cal. Wills, ii. 452-3). 

1. 37. Stephen Bugge, a draper, founded a chantry at St. Mildred's 
in 1430 (id. ii. 450). 

848, 1. 13. Basing lane. In spite of Stow's statement that he had not 
read of Basing ' to have anything there to do ', the lane no doubt owed 
its name to an early owner. In 1275 Peter de Basinges made bequest of 
his house in Basing Lane (Cal. Wills, i. 20). 

1. 32. On the South ^ide, &c. This passage on Gerrard the Giant 
affords interesting illustrations of Slow's methods of composition, of his 



Notes 353 

connexicm with Holinshed's Chronicles^ and of his rivahy with Grafton.* 
The original draft in Harley MS. 538, £ 127, difiers materially from the 
printed versions: — 

* On the south syde of this lane is one greate house, of olde tyme 
bnilded of stone vpon arched vaultes vnder ground, with arched gates 
also of stone : but I haue not red who was the first builder thereof, 
neythar when the same was builded. It is at this present a comon Inn 
for recepte of travaylers, greatly frequented of carriers and of others : it is 
called Gerrard's Hall and sayde to be of a giaunte that ther dwelled, so 
named, but no authoritie is shewed, more than that of olde tyme the 
sayd howse hauinge a large and highe roofed hall, there stode in the 
midste thereof a mighty stafte, armed at the fore end with iron and 
stele ; it reached from the grownde or flowre to the very toppe of the 
hall, even as it were to towche or pierce it. This stafie is sayde to be 
one of them» that the sayde Gerard the Giaunt vsed to runne withal in 
his warres. Sure he had nede of a very greate horse to cary hym, that 
should wild suche a staflfe, but I thinke he was no horseman but went all 
on his fete. There stode also a lathar of the same height iust by the 
stafie. I have sene them ofte, and inquired of the tenaunts the cawse 
of theyr being there, but they could make to me none other aunswere 
than that the one was Gerar's stafie (as ye have herd) and the laddar to 
ascend to the toppe thereof, to se the same staffe to be saffe, and not 
decayed. Of late yeres this hall is altered in buildinge, and dyvers 
romthes made of it. Notwithstondinge the staffe is removed to one 
comer of the hawle, whiche remayneth of height as afore, save that the 
poynt is broken off, but the laddar is broken or sawd shortar almoste by 
the one halfe, and the remenaunt thereof hanged on to a wall in the 
yarde. A servaunt of that howse (more curtise than his master) showed 
me the lengthe of the staffe by a wall's syde, where the sayd staffe was 
layde, whiles the romthes ouer the hall were in buildinge. I measured 
the ground and found it 50 foot in lengthe. But the master of the 
howse saythe the same to lak halfe a foote of 40 foote, which worde 
of his I must take for curraunt, for reason cowde he gyve me none. 
Neyther would he rise from his sete to show me eny ferther, but bad 
me rede the Chronicles, for there he had hard. This muche for the 
east syde of Bread Street.' 

For the host's reference to the great Chronicles see William Harrison's 
Descriptum of Britain^ ap. Holinshed, Chronicles^ L 21 : 'I could speake 
also of Gerard's staffe or lance, yet to be seene in Gerard's Hall at 
London in Basing lane, which is so great and long that no man can 
beweld it, neither go to the top thereof without a ladder, which of set 
purpose and for greater countenance of the wonder is fixed by the same.' 

M9» 1. 3. John Leyland his Comeniaries, As to Stow's transcripts 
of Leland, made in 1576, see Introduction^ p. X3cv. 'Reyne Wolfe's 
Chnmide' refers to Holinshed's Chronicles ^ to which was prefixed 
William Harrison's Description <f the Island of Britain. Harrison 
n Aa 



354 Notes 

charged Leland with having 'made his notes intricate of set ptupose'i 
being ^ loth that anie man should easilie come to that kno^i^edge \ff read- 
ing which he with his great charge and no less travell attdned onto 
by experience'. Heame (ap. Leland, Coilectamot i. p. Iv) oeneured 
Harrison for his * tmbecoming reflexions upon so great a naani from wfaooi 
he borrowed the piost valuable and judicious passages in his Descriptioo 
of Britain, his own Remarks being generally very mean and triviaL* 

John Bagfordy in hb Letter relating to the Antiquities of London {id* L 
p. bcix), wrote: * 'Tis my opinion that Stow had in his possession Leland*8 
Antiquities of London, and for want of Learning most grievously man- 
gled the Work on purpose to make it his own.' The suggestion is quite 
unfounded ; Stow's Collections prove how folly his worie was based on 
his own research ; he sometimes fc^ows Leland without express acknow- 
ledgement, but sometimes also corrects him silently ; compare voL i. 
pb 137 with vol. ii. p. 143, and see note on p. 29a Most of the re- 
ferences to Leland in the Survey appear to be to the extant Collectanea 
and not to any lost work, though the note on the Library at St Peter's, 
Comhill (vol. i. p. 194), does imply something more explicit than the bald 
reference in Collectanea^ iv. 48. 

L 9. /?. t7. in his briefe collection of Histories. On £ ii of the 
Manuell published in 1565. For Stow and Grafton's quarrel see Intro- 
ductioUi pp. viii to xii. 

I. 26. / reade that John Gisors, &c. Stow's account of the Gisors 
fomily here and on L p. 248 is not clear. I cannot solve all difficulties, 
but some notes will be of service. The first John Gisors of importance 
was mayor in 1245 and 1259, ^"^ ^^ prominent in civic history for many 
years after. He is probably the John, son of Peter de Gysors, whose will 
was proved in 12S2 (Col. IVills^ i. 57). For Peter, son of Laurence Gisors 
see i. p. 245 above. John {d, 1282) was probably father of John Gisors, 
who was alderman of Vintry Ward circa 1283-93 (id. i. 702-3) and died 
in 1296, leaving by his wife Maigery four sons, Jc^n, Anketin, Thomas, 
and Henry {id. i. 128). Margery died in 1305, when her son John was 
twenty-six years old and more (Calendarium Genealogicum^ ii. 678). 
The third John Gisors became Alderman of Vintry Ward in 1307 
{Letter Book C, 178). He was Mayor in 1311, 1312, and 1314, but as a 
consequence of the chaige of having wrongfully admitted one guilty of 
felony to the freedom of the city — see i. 51 above— was removed from his 
Aldermanry in March, 1321 {Letter Book £, 138). He was a supporter 
of the Mortimers and of Queen Isabel, and was joint constable of the 
Tower in Nov. 1326 {Ann. Paulini^ 305, 318), but took no further part 
in dvic government. He died in Jan. 135 1, and was buried at St. Martin 
in the Vintry. In his will he mentions John, his grandfather, his parents 
John and Maigery, and two wives, Isabella and Alice. His heirs were 
his granddaughters Margaret (wife of Henry Picard) and Felicia (who 
married Thomas Travers— see L 299), daughters of Thomas Gisors (appa- 
rently the Sir Thomas of L 299) ; and two sons, Edward and Nicholas, 



Notes 355 

and a daughter, Juliana (CaL WUls^ L 643-5).. In his will he is described 
as vintner (like most of his family), but is elsewhere called a pepperer. 
AnkeCin de Gisors was alderman of Aldgate from Jan. 1312 {Letter Book 
D, 15), and died before 1343 (id. G, 3). Henry de Gisors (d, 1343), vintner, 
was alderman of Comhill in 1330-4 (Litter Book £, 256, 281) ; it was 
he, and not William de Gisors (as stated on p. 349), who was sheriff in 1529 
(id. F, 284 ; see also ii. 164, above). References to a Thomas Gisors, 
vintner, occur in the latter part of the reign of Edward III (Letter Book 
G, 286), and to John and Henry de Gisors under Richard II (C. P. R. 
Rich. II, iv. 3, 458). I have not been able to trace their relationship. 

L 36. Gerrards hall for Gisors halL John de Gisors (d. 1296) left to 
his son Thomas his New Hall in the parish of St. Mildred, Bread Street. 
John de Gisors (d. 135 1) left to his granddaughter, Felicia, his tenement 
called * Gysors halle ' in St. Mildred, Bread Street (Col. Wills, i. 128, 645). 
The Cartulary of St. John's, Clerkenwell (Cotton MS,, Nero, £. vi. f. 35), 
contains some deeds headed ' Gysorshall ' ; but they relate to tenements 
in St. Mildred, Bread Street, which James Gysors held in 1365 as heir of 
Anketin Gysors. The feoffment, which Stow describes as having been 
made in 1386, does not appear to have been enrolled in the Court of 
Husting (Col. Wills, I 643 «.) ; but in that year Paul Gisors and others 
executed a release of certain shops and chambers by the Conduit of 
London lately belonging to John Gisors (Anc. Deeds^ A. 2049) ; this indi- 
cates that the family property was then being sold. 'Gisoreshalle' is 
mentioned in 1429 (CW. Wills, iL 453). It was an inn before 1479, ^^tn 
there is reference in the Paston Letters (vi. 34) to, * The Crown, wich 
as I conseive b called Gerardes Hall, in Bred Stret.' There was still an 
inn called Gerxard's Hall in 1784. The crypt survived till 1852. The 
stonewofk was then removed to the Crystal Palace to be there set up ; 
bot this design was never ftilfilled, and the stones were used for other 
pmposes. See Gent. Mag, Ldbr, xv. 270-1. For an architectural 
account of Gisors Hall with illustrations see Turner and Parker Domestic 
Archiiecture o/tke Middle Ages, ii. 186. 

86O9L 14. kowses for Merchants, See quotation from DtVktt's Jests 
onpu338. 

1. 17. the prisoners were remoued. For an Act of the Common 
Council ordering the removal, and dated 19th Sept. 1556, see Munday, 
Survey^ 937, ed. 1633. The Bread Street Compter had been hired by the 
keepers fjrom the Gddsmiths' Company. The letting of the new Compter 
was expressly forbidden. See also Wriothesley*s Chronicle, ii. 42. 

861» 1. 10. S. L Euangelist, Anciently it was called St. Werburga, 
vis. m 1249, 1278, 1303, and 1321 (Col, Charter Rolls, i. 339 ; Cal, 
Wills f L 34, 290 ; Mun, Gild, II. i. 230). In 1349 it is St. John Evangelist 
and St Werebu^ (CaL Wills, i. 596). In HarUy MS, 538 Stow adds 
dates of death, viz. Doggett, 1524; Askew, 1534 ; Dobbes, 1556; Dane, 
1573; Allet 'deceased in his nayoralitie.' 

L 15. S, Margaret Moyses. The name may be due to 'Moyses 

A a 9 



356 



Notes 



sacerdos'y who occurs in deeds at St. Paul's about 1142. The church 
is called St. Maigaret Moses in 1256 (Hist, MSS. Comm.^ 9th Rep. 15, 
62, 68). Nicholas Bray founded a chantry here in 1449 (Co/. Wills, 
ii. 516). 

1. 23. Distaffe lane. * Distar ' is an error of Stow*s. The record of 
1438 is a grant of 'Le Lambe' in *Distaflane' to Robert Prik and 
Richard Stanes (C P. /?• Henry VI, iiL 160, 193 ; for later grants see 
id. £dw. IV9 i. 297, 437, and iii. 422 ; Campbell, Mat. Hist. Henry Vli^ 
i. 21 ; Letters and Piters, I 1070). 'Distavlane' occurs in 1260 and 
1295, and ' Distaflane ' in 1301 (Cal. Wills, i. 9, 123, 154), and so commonly 
thereafter. 



VOL. II 

1, 1. 16. Spuren lane. ' Sporuneslane ' in 1271 {Anc. Deeds^ C. 1910), 
' Sporounelane * in 1295, and 'Sporenlane' in 1406 (Co/. Wills, \. 120^ 
ii. 562). ' HoggeneUne ' in the parish of Trinity the Less occurs in 1329 
and 1375 (id. i. 357, iL 181). 

L 2a Finimare lane. ' Fynamoures lane * in 1316 (Col. Wills, i. 263). 
It is now called Fyefoot Lane. 

L 24. Desboarne lane. Stow's authority is clearly Letter Book F, 184. 
The lane was granted to John de Gildisburgh under licence from the 
king, with permission to build over it subject to leaving a gutter to carry 
off the water. It lay between the tenements of Sir Edward de Montacute 
and Walter (not William) Gladewyn, and is described as containing in 
length 215 feet from the king's highway to the Thames, and seven feet 
wide at the commencement and in the middle, but only an ell at the 
bottom (C. P, R. Edw. Ill, viii. 149). Five years before, in 1343, complaint 
was made that the lane was blocked up and impassable (Mun. Gild. II. 
ii. 452). It would seem to be identical with the * venella que vocatur 
Denebur^ate ', or ' Denebureghlane ', which was alleged to be obstructed 
in 1275 (Hundred Poll, i. 418-9, 433). 

2»L 27. 5. Nicholas Cold Abbey. It is St. Nicholas Coldhabey in 
1378, and usually appears as Coldabbey in various spellings (Cat. Wills, 
i* 33> I95i 640)* Stow's last derivation connecting it with Cold Harbour 
is probably correct. There are similar instances in the manor of Cold- 
abbeye in Surrey, and the tenement called ' le Coldabbeye ' in Windagain 
Lane (id. ii. 45, 373). The church is sometimes called 'atte Coldeabbey ' 
(id. ii. 198, 522). 

d» L 16. Nicholas Wolberge . . • z^/. His will, dated 1407, was not 
proved till 1420 (Cal. Wills, ii. 419^20). 

L 28. Barnard Randolph. See note on p. 285. 

4, L 1 1. Thomas Lewen. In HarieyAfS, 538, ' deceased 1 554 ' is added. 



Notes 357 



1. 18. Bliiheman, In HarUy MS, 538 the epitaph is given :— 

Here Blitheman lies a worthy wight, 

Who feared God above; 
A friend to al]| a foe to none, 

Whome riche and pore did love. 

Of Princes* chaple gentleman 

Unto his dieinge day, 
Wher all toke greate delight to heare 

Hym on the organs play. 

Whose passing skill in mnsyke's arte 

A scholar left behind ; 
John Bull, by name, his master's veyne 

Expressing in eche kynde. 

But nothing here continuethe longe, 

Nor resting place can have ; 
His sowle departed hence to heven, 

His body here in grave. 

This epitaph is given in Munday's edition of the Survey^ p. 399, where 
it is stated that he died on Whitsunday, 1591. A few of William Blithe- 
man's compositions are extant ; they show that he was a master of his art, 
and that Bull owed much to his influence (Diet, Nat. Biog, v. 322). 

5, 1. 1. John Glocester Alderman^ ^345* In Harley MS. 538 ' deceased 
1355 ' is added. This is correct (Cai. Wilis, i. 687). But Salt Wharf 
was given to the church by his son John, who died in 1362 (id. ii. 64). 

1. 16. a Record. See the writ and patents in Letter Book H, 447-8 : 
providing, however, for Hallmotes twice a year as of old accustomed, and 
for the election of six persons, viz. two each from Bridge Street, Old Fish 
Street, and Stockfishmonger Row to govern the mistery. Compare i. 214 
above. See also Mun. Gild. II. i. 397-408. 

L 32. Richard Marlowe. In Harley MS. 538 ' deceased 1422 '. This 
is shown to be correct by his will, where his name is spelt * Merlawe ' ; 
but he was a native of Mariow (Col. Wills^ ii. 428). 

6, L I. Saint Mary Summerset. In a deed of Prior Stephen (i 170-87) 
there is mention of Emald the priest of St. Mary Sumerset (Anc* Deeds^ 
A. 2423). The name may be derived from Ralph de Sumery, who occurs 
about the same date (id. A. 2364, 2406). For the church and its monu- 
ments see Trans. Lond. and Midd., iii. 253-84. 

L 5. Edreds Hithe. The name 'iCtheredys Hythe ' occurs in 899 in 
a Charter of Alfred (Kemble, Cod. Dipt, mlxxiv). Henry I gave it to 
his queen Matilda. Matilda, queen of Stephen, gave rents from Edreds 
hythe to Trinity (Cotton Charter^ xvi. 35). In a charter of Henry II it is 
described as ' Ripa Reginae que appellatur Atheres hithe ' (Mon. Angl.^ 
vi. 635). Isabel, queen of John, gave it to her son Richard of Cornwall 
(Hundred Roll, i. 414). For William of Ypres* charter, see Ancient 



358 



Notes 



Charters^ No 32 (Pipe Roll Soc). See also Madox, HisU Exchequer^ 
i. 781. St. Michael, Queenhithe, is called St. Michael de 'iCdzedes huda' 
about 1 1 48, and 'de Hutha Regina' about 1220 {HisU MSS, Comm. 9th 
Rep. 22, 63). 

The charter of Alfred, above referred to, is a grant to Plegmond, 
archbishop of Canterbury, which was no doubt the origin of the later 
Canterbury soke. (Mun. Gild, I. 241 ; cf. i. 41 and ii. 7 above.) 

7, L 22. woorepcUh and Anede Hith, See the record from the Liber 
Memorandarum on the Customs of Queenhithe, ap. Muiu Gild. III. 
445-8, where a note is quoted from the Liber Hom^ stating that Were^ 
path or Worpath is in the east part of the Flete of Barking, seven miles 
east of London, and Anedehithe near Westminster. 

8, 1. 30. Witnesses, The names are very corrupt. The Charter in 
Mun. Gild, II. i. 47 reads : ' Hiis testibus, Radulpho filio Nicholai, Ricardo 
de Grey, Johanne et Willelmo, fratribus ejus, Paulino Peyvre, Radulpho 
de Waunci, Johanne Gumbaud et aliis.' 

1. 38. customs of this Queene Hithe, They are given in the Liber 
AlbuSy see Mun, Gild, I. 241-3. Strype gives an English translation 
from the Liber Home, The original has ' Wolsiesgate in Corderia ' (the 
Ropery) for 'Wolsey Street in the parish of All hallowes the Less', and 
' Berchenes lane ' instead of Stow^s ' Bircheovers '. For complaints as to 
abuses at Queenhithe see Hundred Rolls^ i. 403 sqq. 

9, 1. 22. Roomeland, The name given to an open space near a dock 
where ships could discharge. There was a ' Rome land ' at Billingsgate, 
described in the Husting Rolls as 'a platt of grounde raylled abowte 
called Rome lande on the west parte of Byllyngesgate '. In 1347 there 
is reference to * le Roumland' near Crutched Friars (Letter Book F, 175, 
with note by Dr. Sharpe). For cleansing of 'Roumeland* at Queen- 
hithe in 1368, see Letter Book G, 221. 'La Roumlonde' at Queenhithe 
is mentioned in 131 1 and 1373 (Col, Wills, u 222 ; ii. 161). 

10, 1. 17. John Cooke, By will, dated October 16, 154^, and proved 
January 13, 1544, he bequeathed to the city his capital messuage called 
the Duke of Norfolk's place and other messuages at Broken Wharf (Col, 
Wills, ii. 648). See Stow's subsequent statement on ii. 11. For the 
lane called Me Tymber hith prope le Brokene Wharf* and 'Timber 
hythe otherwise called Broken Wharf' see Hist, MSS, Comm, 9th Rep., 
17-18— 14th century. For Me Brokenewharf' in 1274, see An4:. Deeds^ 
A. 1875. 

11, 1. 19. Chartsey . . . <ind wets their Inne, In the Chertsey Register 
{Cotton MS,y Vitellius, A. xiii. f. 31) it is described as a court Mn urbe 
Londonia sitam super ripam Thamisie fluminis in occidentali parte urbis 
ipsius contra austrum uergens prope portum quod ipsi urbani^^r^t^ 
uocant, id est porta piscis'. For le Fisshwharf in St. Mary, Somerset, 
see Cat, Wills, i. 496, and Mun, Gild, II, i. 406, ii. 453. 

13,1. I. Bewmounts Inne, As 'Newe Inne' it belonged in 1397 to 
William de Montagu, Earl of Salisbury {Cal, Inq. p, m, iii. 203, 259). 



Notes 359 

On the attainder of his nephew John in 1400 it fell to the king. Then it 
seems to have been held by Edward, Duke of York, and by Queen Joanna 
(C P. R. Henry IV, iii. 2) and kter by Sir Thomas Erpingham (Co/. Inq. 
p. m. iv. 125). On October 28, 1440^ Henry VI granted it to William 
Phelip, Lord Bardolf, with remainder to John, Viscount Beaumont, who 
had married his only daughter and heiress (C. P, R, Henry VI, iii. 120, 
473). After the forfeiture in 1462 of John's son William it was granted as 
'Newe Inne alias Beaumontes Inne* in June, 1475, to William Hastings 
(id. Edw. IV, ii. 517, of. Cal. Inq, p, m» iv. 322). Hastings was ancestor 
of the Earls of Huntingdon. 

1. 9* Scrupes Inne. So held by Sir William FitzHugh in 1453. His 
fiither Henry, who seems to have hdd it in M^S* ^^ son of Joan daughter 
of Henry, first Lord Scrope of Masham. Stephen Scrope, second lord, 
held it in 1406 (Col, Inq, p. m, iii. 307, iv. 84, 256). 

\.2i. 0/ Baynardj &c. See i. 61 above. In Harley MS, 538 the 
history of the FitzWalters is placed here. 

1. 27. Legates Inne, * Legates place juxta Baynards Castle ' belonged 
to Margaret Talbot, Countess of Shrewsbury, in 1467 (Co/, Inq, f. nt, 

iv. 341). 

15,1. II. S, Benet Hude, St. Benet ' super Tamisiam ' in 11 11, and 
S. Benet ' super He|Kun ' at the end of the twelfth century (Hist, AfSS, 
Camm, 9th Rep. 63, 67). Afterwards very conunonly called S. Benet 
Woodwharf, see p. 279 n, above. 

L 19. Barklies Inne, Thomas, Lord Berkeley, held it in 1416 ; his 
daughter Elizabeth married Richard de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, 
who heki it in 1439 {Col, Inq, p, m, iv. 31, 191). 

I69 1. 28. Woodmangers Hall, David Smith, mentioned just above, 
had purchased it of Edmund Helles, woodmonger, shortly before his 
death in 1587, when he left it with other property to the Mayor and 
Commonalty on trust for Christ's Hospital (Inq, f, m. Land, iii* 108-9). 

L 33. Queene Mary gone it^ &c The Earl of Derby had exchanged 
it with Edward VI for lands in Lancashire. Cf. Acts Privy Council^ 
iv. ^o, 

17» 1. 13. Pawies Brewhouse, The bracinum' or brewhouse of 
St. Paul's is mentioned in 1162, and the 'Paules hede' opposite the 
bakehouse in 1456 (Hist. MSS, Comm. 9th Rep. 12, 27). It is called 
* Pouleshede' near Poulescheyne in 1444 (Cal, JVills, ii. 503). 

1. 17. samtime letten to the Blunts. ' The capital house lately called 
Mountjoye place, and now anglice called the Doctors' Commons ' (Inq, 
P m, London^ iii. 106 — date 1587), 

18» 1. 18. Do Little lane. Now Knightriders Court. The name 
occurs as ' Do lyttle' or 'Do lite' lane in 1294 (Hist, MSS. Comm, 9th. 
Rep. 19). 

1. 21. Sermon lane^for Skeremoniers lane. It occurs as Sarmoneres 
lane in deeds from the reign of Henry III onwards, and in 1279 there is 
reference to a tenement of Adam le Sarmoner (id. 13, 19). 



36o 



Notes 



19, 1. 3. a tempest of wind. Stow in his Memoranda (p. 134) writes 
thus : ' The xxiij day of Deoembar, beynge Sondaye, at nyghte, in anno 
1565, was a greate tempest of wynde where thrwghe many persons were 
drownyd on the Thams and other placis> and the great gattes at the 
West ende of S. Pawls churche in London, wher is the brasen pilar, was 
blowne wyde open, the wynd beynge in y* west was of suche force.' 

L 15. the Lawlardes Tower. Often confused with the Lollards 
Tower at Lambeth, where the use of the name appears to be inaccurate 
and of much later date. For the history of the Lollards Tower see 
Sparrow-Simpson, Documents illustrating the History of St. Pauls, 
pp. 214-18, Camden Soc ; and History of Old St, PauTs^ 113-26. 

21, 1. 29. windagaine Lane, ' Wandayenes lane ' in 1309, and Wanda- 
geynes lane' in 1337 (Co/. Wills, i. 204, 422). 'Tumagayne' Lane in 
1430 (Cal, Ing.p. m. iv. 126). 

22, L 3. which house is also of this ward Stow is in error ; the 
Liberty of the Rolls is not now, and never has been in the City. Similarly 
he includes the liberty of St Martin's in Aldersgate Ward, though it was 
not incorporated in the City till somewhat later. 

L 28. in the yeare JJ02, According to the Uber Fundacionis 
S, Bartholomei, cap. vii, the real date was 1 123 ; but the same authority 
speaks of it as ' Henrico primo anno xxx et circiter tercium regni eius '. 
See Dr. Norman Moore's edition of the English Book of Foundation, 
p. llv, and Mon, AngL, vL 292. Cotton MS., Vesp., B. ix contains a copy 
of the Latin original composed about 1180, together with an English 
version made about 1400. 

L 29. Alfune, &c* Stow is following the Uber S. Bartholomei (u. s. 
cap. xxii) where Alfune is described as an old man, who had not long 
before built the church of St. Giles. But in a deed at St. Paul's it is 
stated that in the reign of Henry I, Aelmund, the priest, granted to the 
chapter the church of St Giles, which he had built outside the wall of the 
City (Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 62). 

28, 1. II. John Coke, Treasurer of the Hospital, compiled a Rental, 
which he began in the ' thirty-seventh year of his profession and sixty- 
fourth of his age' in 1456, and completed in 1468 (Morley, Memoirs of 
Bartholomew Fair, 25-6 ; Diet. Nat. Biog., xi. 223). Wakering was 
master from 1422 to 1466. 

1. 14. Walter Cope. He was a member of the old Society of 
Antiquaries before Feb., 1590, was knighted April 20, 1603, made 
Chamberlain of the .Exchequer in 1609, and died in 1614. He was 
the original builder of Holland House, which he called Cope Castle; 
it passed with his only daughter to Henry Rich, afterwards first Earl 
of Holland. See Heame, Curious Discourses, ii. 427; Diet. Nat. 
Biog. xii. 168. 

1. 15. Monumentes. There is a list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 57, 
which supplies the following variants : Adam Hore (1. 16) ; Sir Thomas 
Pale&nt, baron of Winva, Lord St Geoige, Oncketon, and Pille (1. 21); 



Notes 361 

Shipley (L 26); Wesbye (1. 37); Robert Caldecote (1. 29) William 
Bndos (L 32). 

L 33. John Shiriey. Shirley's transcripts of Chaucer, Lydgate, and 
other poets are of great value and importance. Nothing is known of his 
life except what Stow here records, save that in 1440 he was living in 
London. Translations by him of ' The Lamentable Cronycle of the dethe 
and fiUse muidere of James Stewarde, late kynge of Scotys' and of two 
other small pieces are contained in AddiHanal MS. 5467. Shirley's 
MSS. are HarUy^ 78, 225 1^ 7333, and Additional 16165, in the British 
Museum ; Ashmole 59, in the Bodleian Library ; Trinity College^ Cam- 
bridge, R. 39 20; and the Sion College MS. In Additional MS. 29729 
are some poems of Lydgate's ' copyed out of ye boke of John Shirley by 
John Stowe'. See Skeat, Chaucer^ i. 25, 53-9 and DicU NaL Biog, 

lii. 133. 

87» I. 19. priuiUdge of fayre. The fiur existed before 11 339 when 
Henry I granted a charter of protection {Mon. Angl,^ vi. 296). The 
charter of Henry II, granted circa 1156-62, was confirmed by Henry III 
in 1253 (Cal. Charter Rolls^ ii. 368-70). For the history of the fair see 
Morley, Memorials of Bartholomew Fair ; for a description of the isXx 
in Stow's time see Ben Jonson's Bartholomew Fair^ and in the early part 
of the nineteenth century Hone, Everyday Book^ L 1166-1251. The fair 
was held for the last time in 1855. 

28, 1. 36. broken^ &c. See Webster, Northward Ho! Act ll, sc. i: 
* All the brokers in Long Lane had rified their wardrobe.' Taylor, the 
Water-poet, writes in Three Weeks from London to Hamburgh^ p. i : — 
' Like a desperate pawn had lain seven years in lavender on sweeting in 
Long Lane, or amongst the dogged inhabitants of Houndsditcb.' 

Long Lane was perhaps called after William le Long of Portepul, who 
held land here before 1249 {Anc. Deedsy B. 2330). Richard le Lung 
' feleper ' (firipper or broker) is mentioned in 1279 {Lell^ Book A, 30). 

29, L 4. Horsc'poole. So called in 1384 (Letter Book H, 236). 

1. 14. Prior of Semperingham, As last master of the order Robert 
Holgate, Archbishop of York, owned it, and died there on Nov. 15, 1555 
(Inq, p. m. Land. i. 142). 

L 21. markets of horses and cattle. In Henry IV^ Pt. 2, Act I, sc. ii, 
Falstaffsays of Bardolph : ' I bought him in FauFs, and hell buy me a 
horse in Smithfield : if I could get me a wife in the stews, I were manned, 
horsed, and wived.' So Burton {Anatomy of Melancholy^ Part 3, Sec 3, 
Mem. 4, subs. 2) : 'He that marries a wife out of a suspected inn or 
alehouse, buys a horse in Smithfield, and hires a servant in Paul's, as the 
diverb is, shall likely have a jade to his horse, a knave for his man, an 
arrant honest woman to his wife.' 

88^ I. 25. Chamberlaine gate. Stow follows Leland : ' Parochia 
S. Sepulchri extra Chamberlaingate, quae nunc ut videtur Newgate 
appellatur (Collectanea, ii. 361). 'Newgate . . . formerly Chamberlain 
gate' (Camden, Britannia, ii. 80, ed. Gough), From Dotnesday (i. 127) 



362 



Notes 



it i^pears that William the Chamberlain paid 6f. a year for his vineyard 
at Holebum. This shows that the Chamber had property outside Newgate 
in 1086, and explains the name. Stow calls the Old Bailey the * court of 
the Chamberlaine ' on ii. 21, 37. 

L 31. mu of the Pophames. Sir John Popham (d, 1463) ; he was 
chancellor of Anjou and Maine, and captain of St. Suzanne. The Poi^iam 
referred to on p. 34 was his cousin Stephen (d. 1445-6), whose daugfateis 
were Sir John's co-heiresses. See ii. 47 above and Diet. Nat. Bteg.^ sdvi. 

146-7- 
34, 1. 13. Clamparde. The list in Harky MS. 6069, f. S5» has 

Clampberd. 

I. 38. Scropes Itme. It belonged to Richard, first Lord Scrc^ of 
Bolton (d. 1403), and in 1459 ^^ Henry, fourth lord (CaL Jnq.f. vu^ iv. 
284). Afterwards it was Sergeants Inn till its restoration to John the fifth 
lord in 1494 (Inq. p. m. Lond.^ u 7). John Cottyngham {d. 1560) and 
Henry Gaynsford {d. 1574) were later owners (id. ii. 90, iii. 7). 

869 1. 16-17. William de Luda . . .ga$ie this house. Stow gives the terms 
of William de Luda's wUl correctly (see Cal. Wills, i. 138). But William's 
immediate predecessor, John de Kirkeby, had in 1290 left the bishopric 
of Ely his houses at Holbom, together with his vines and gardens (id. i. 
90). The validity of Kirkeby's will was disputed. The rights df the 
Bishop of Ely against Kirkeby's heirs were only established in 1321 
(Hist. AfSS. Comm.j 6th Rep., 295 ^, 298 d). 

II. 35-6. f castes . . • by the Sergeants at the law. See Pulling, Order 
of the Coif 234-7. Stow's account of the feast of 1464 adds some details 
to the longer narrative in Gregory's Chronicle, 222. For a feast kept at 
Ely Place by the Sergeants on Nov. 21, 1495, see Chron. Lond., 207-8. 
On Nov. 23, 1503, the feast was kept at Lambeth, id. 260. 

87, L 19. Fumiaalles Inne. It occurs as an Inn of Chancery in the 
reign of Henry IV. The heiress of the Fumivals brought it to John 
Talbot, first Earl of Shrewsbury, whose descendant sold it to the society 
in 1546 (Herbert, Inns of Courts 324-8). 

L 35. Chamberlaines • . • kept their courts. This seems to be an 
unwarranted conjecture on Stow's part. The deed of 1356 is simply a 
lease to John Cambridge (cf. Letter Books G, 121, 279, and I, f. ccxx») 
relating to property of the corporation here. See R. R. Sharpe, Memorials 
of Newgate Gaol, p. 9. 

889 1. 22. Seacole lane, 1 thinke called Limeburners lane. Seacole 
Lane and Limeburners Lane were distinct. In 1308 John Hereward left 
his daughter 'shops in Seccrflane and Lymbamereslane' (Co/. Wills, 
i. 204). 

L 33. Shooe lane. It occurs as * Vicus de Solande ' in the time ot 
King John (e. g. Cotton MS., Faustina, B. ll, f. 83^®), and as ' Sholonde ' 
in 1272. In 1283 Roger de Scholond had tenements in Scholane (Cal. 
Wills, i. 12, 67). 

L 36. Oldbome Hall. See note on p. 372 below. 



Notes 363 



L 59* a Grammer sckooU, See vol. i. 73 and note on p. 321. 
d9» L 26. ThoMes Itme. In eaify records it is always ' Davyesinne ', 
as in 1419 when it belonged to Robert Plesyngton (Gi/. Inq,p. m.^ iv. 40). 
Bat in the will of John Tavy (</. 1348) there is mention of his hospice in 
St Andrew, Holbom, 'ubi apprentidi habitare solebant * {Letter Book F, 
103; Cat, JViUSf i. 619). A John Davy occurs as holding lands in 
Holbome in 1398 (id. it 332). See Herbert, Inns of Courts 322-4. 

1. 29. so catted of Fewters {or idle people). Stow is no doubt correct. 
Fetter Lane is probably the Viter lane without Newgate which occurs in 
1294 and 1299 {Col. Wills, i. 119, 139). Faitereslane appears in 1312, 
the new lane called Faitur Lane in 1352 ; other forms in the fourteenth 
and fifteenth centuries are Faytores lane, Faitours lane, Faytours lane 
and Faitour-lane {id L 230^ 252, 698 ; ii. 44, 167, 591). Faitour, faytor, 
or fayter, means an impostor, a cheat, especieUty a vagrant, who shams 
illness or pretends to tell fortunes {N. E. D,). Such persons, no doubt, 
infested the western suburb, as the wise-women and fortune-tellers of 
Stow's own time did the north-eastern suburbs of Shoreditch and Hoxton 
(d Heywood's Wise Woman ofHogsdon), The suggestion that the name 
is due to fewters or fetters (the rests for a spear) made here by armourers 
(Mr. Lofde in N, and Q.^ 8th ser. xii. 161) is untenable. 'Fewter ' Lane 
occurs commonly in Elizabeth's reign {Inq.p. m. London^ iii. 94, 150, 153). 
40» L 15. Staple Inne, It is mentioned as Me Stapled halle' in St 
Andrew, Holbom, in 1333, when it belonged to Richard Starcolf, Mercer 
{Col. Wills, i. 394). There were two other Stapled halls; one in AU- 
hallows, Barking, mentioned in 1330 {id. L 363) ; the other in St Botolph's 
without Bishopsgate, mentioned 1330-46 {Letter Book £, 251). In this 
connexioii the name meant no more than a wholesale storehouse. Staple 
Inn in Holbom is stated to have become an Inn of Chancery in 141 3. 
It was rebuilt 1580-^. For its history see Staple Inn by £• Williams. 

L 32. Roberte Leueland He claimed, in 1 198, to have custody of the 
King's house, and Fleet prison by inheritance since the Conquest (Madox, 
Hist. Exchequer^ i. 514). 

42» L 17. returned againe to the Cliffordes. Probably it was only 
leased, for it appears as Clifford property in 1390, 1422, and 1455 {Cal. 
Inq. /. m. iil 114, iv. 67, 266). It was acquired by the Society at a 
rental of 4/. soon after the last date (Herbert, Inns of Court, 274). 

L 21. Sergeanies Inne. Andently called Farringdon Inne (Herbert, 
Inns of Court, 352-5). 

L 39. Wittiam Bur stall. The grant of 1377 is printed in fell in 
Holinshed, Chronicles, iv. 365. 

48; L 13. Nocton Parke. The house in Chancery Lane, formerly called 
Harflu Inn, part of the possessions of Nocton Park Priory, was assured 
to the Six Clerks in 1539 {Letters and Papers, xiv. 867, c 27). For 
references in 1454, see Man. Angl. vi. 341, and Cal. Inq.p. m. iv. 261. 

I. 36. Bridewell. It was surely from Stow that Dekker borrowed 
is description, in Tke Honest Whore, Part 2 {Works, ii. 167) :— 



364 



Notes 



Duke. Your Bridewell? that the name? for beauty, strength 

Capacity and forme of ancient buHding, 

(Besides the Rivers neighbourhood) few houses 

Wherein we keep our Court can better it. 
1st Master. Hither from forraigne Courts have Princes come* 

And with our Duke did Acts of State commencey 

Here that great Cardinall had first audience, 

(The grave Campayne) ; that Duke dead, his Sonne 

(That femous Prince) gaue free possession 

Of this his Palace, to the Cittizens, 

To be the poore man's ware-house; and endowed it 

With Lands to th' valew of seven hundred marke. 

With all the beddmg and the furniture. 

Once proper (as the Lands then were) to an Hospitall 

Belonging to a Duke of Savoy. Thus 

Fortune can tosse the World, a Princes Court 

Is thus a prison now. 
The grant of Edward VI is printed in Gent. Mag. Library^ xv. 183-9. 
46, 1. 28. Chauntries. Ulsthorpe in 1452, Evesham in 135 1, and 
Wigan in 1360 (Cal. Wills, i. 652, ii. 25, 469). 

46, 1. 2. John Bale. He describes the introduction of the Carmelites 
to England, and the foundation of their first house at Aylesford in Kent 
by Richard Grey of Codnor in 1241, in his Heliades^ ap. Harky MS. 
3838, ff. 13, 14, 2a 

1. 22. There were buried, &c. The names in the printed list are 
. somewhat corrupt. A manuscript list of Stow's (Harley MS. 544 if. 67-8), 
and another contemporary list ap. Harley MS. 6033, f. 9, give some help ; 
the latter appears to have been consulted by Strype. ' John Mowbery . . • 
1398/ probably means John IV (d. 1383); there is no date m either of 
the MSS. Bayholt is * Bayllhot ' in 544, and < Baylhott ' in 6033. ' Eliza- 
beth, Countess of Athole ' is probably the wife of David de Strabolgi, and 
afterwards of John Malwayn ; she died in 1374 (Cal. Inq.p. m. ii. 337). 

* Sir Pence Castle' is * Sir Pons Castle, Baron of ' in 6033 ; perhaps 

Pontius, Lord of Castelhon in Gascony (Wylie, Henry IV, iii. 276). * Sir 
Richard Derois ' is ' Deroys * in 544, and ' de Royes ' in 6033. ' Ashley ' 
is ' Asteley ' and ' Call ' is < Cawlle * in 544. ' Neddow * is ' Meddow * both 
in 544 and 6033. For * Dame Margaret ' Strype suggests Margaret Grey 
{d. 1540), Countess of Kent. Peter Wigus is in 544 Peter Wigns 
(? Wigomensis), and in 6032 Peter Wygich. ' Robert Mathew * is Metham 
in 544, and ' Matham ' in 6033. ' Nonce ' is ' Norres ', and ^ Terwit ' 
Tirwhit in 544. * Robert Brocket' is Brockas (< Brocas') in both MSS. 
' Chanlowes ' is Chalouns, ' Dabby ' Dalby, and ' Bampton ' Lampton in 
6033. For ' Thomas Federinghey ' both MSS. have Dame — Fodering* 
hey, and for ' Eldsmere' Elsmere ; also William Hart and John Heron. 

* Archer ' is *Awcher ' in 6033. For 'Peter de Mota' 544 has Peter de 
Muta, and 6033 Peter de Mora. ' Hugh Bromflete ' is Henry Bromfiete 



Notes 365 

(d. 1469), lord Vessey ; Stow seems to have confused him with John de 
Vesci {JL 1250)1 who was associated with Richard de Grey in introducing 
the Carmelites to England. 

Both MSS. add: Joan WoUasell, Gentlewoman, Elizabeth, wife of 
Robert Tanfield, John Ynglowe, Henry Bedle, and Richard Beynton. 

60» L 9. Fabian. Apparently in his MS. 
1. 12. the new Temple. It was granted in 1313 to Aymerde Valence, 
who released it to Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, m 1314 (Letter Book 
£, 229 ; C. P. R. Edw. II, iL 1S4). On Lancaster's death it was regranted 
to Aymer de Valence (Foedera^ ii. 480), but again lapsed to the crown in 
1324, and was then granted to Hugh le Despenser. See Williams, Staple 
Inn, p. 53. 

61, L 2. crosse legged as men vowed to the holy land. This is a popular 
notion unsupported by £au:t. Effigies of known Crusaders are found with 
the legs uncrossed, and cross-legged effigies of knights (and even ladies) 
who never went to Palestine, or died long after the Crusades were over. 
See Hartshome, Recumbent Monumental Effigies in Northants, p. 119. 
For the tombs in the Temple Church see Vetusta Monumenta V, xix-xxv, 
Goaghf Sepulchral AfonumentSf I. 24, 50; andBaylis, The Temple Church, 
94-115. The ascription of them is open to question. 

L 23. 4k Sir Amias Paulet. Ct Annates, p. 835, ed. 1605. In 
Harley MS, 538 the story is repeated at length. Briefly it is as follows : 
Paulet, for some ^offence, when Wolsey was but a schoolmaster, put him 
in the stocks. When Wolsey became chancellor he forbade Paulet to 
leave London. Paulet then rebuilt the gate-house of the Middle Temple, 
and adorned it with Wolsey's arms, hoping thus to appease his wrath. 

62, L 6. Hauing treated of Wardes, &c. In Harley MS. 544, flf. 96-9, 
there is a rough and early draft of this chapter : ' Of the Borough of 
Southwarke in the County of Southrey.' ' Now leauinge the City of West- 
minster, the furthest west part of subtu-bes without the Citye (^ London, 
I am to pase ovar the Thames & to say some what of Southwarke, 
a borughe so called for that the same lyeth on the south syde of the Ryvar 
of Thamis directly agaynst the dtye of London, and at the south syde of 
the bridge. This broughe beinge in the county of Sothorey consisteth of 
dyvars stretes, wayes, &c.' The narrative then continues with only slight 
variations to ' bad men to lyke women * on p. 54. Then it proceeds : 
' The originall of this privilege I have not red, but I have sene a patent 
thereof dated the 19 of E. 3 ' ; and so continues with little variation to 
* before that any bridge was builded ' (on p. 56). Then a long passage 
(pp. 56-^) is lacking. The events of 1376-7 are given rather more in 
detail The notice of the Tabard and Chaucer is omitted. The account 
of St. Thomas Hospital is shorter and differently arranged, and the sub- 
sequent narrative down to ^diuided mto sundrie tenements V (p. 65) does 
not appear. There is an important addition on Sir John Throston (see 
below), and after this the narrative continues nearly as printed to 'Earies 
of Sussex' (p. 67), where it stops. Stow then states that having treated 



366 



Notes 



of the suburbs, &c., he is next to enter the city : compare note on 
pp. 285-6 above. 

68, 1. 22. I, prisons or Gaoies. Taylor, the Water-poet, writes: 
Five jayles or prisons are in Soothwarke placed, 
The Counter once St Margaret's diurch deflMied, 
The Marshalsea, the King's Bench, and White Lyon, 
Then there 's the Clinke where handsome lodgings be. 

64, L 5. two Beare gardens. The two rings are shown in Hofiiagel's 
and Agas's maps, and mariced separately as ' The boUe-bayting ' and * The 
Beare-bayting '. They were a little to the east of the landing-place a| 
Paris-Garden (see Introduction^ p. xl above). 

L 15. In a Parliament^^z. For a transcript of 'Ordinances touching 
the governance of the Stew-houlders in Southwarke vnder the direction 
of the bishope of Winchester, instituted in the tyme of Henry the Second *, 
see Harley MS. 293, ff. 62-7. 

66, 1. 9. Also IJindf &c. In Harley MS. 544 this reads : * More I find 
in one olde boke fayre writen in parchement in the reigne of Richard the 
Second that in the 4 yere of his reigne, &c' This is interesting, as 
showing that Stow used the original of the Liber S. Mariae Ebor. or 
Anominalle Chronicle (see Introduction^ p. xxxiii), and was not dependent 
on Thynne's transcript. 

1. 15. Fabian writeth. This does not appear in the printed continua* 
tion, and must come from Stow's manuscript. See Introduction^ p. xzxv. 

67, L 36. speculum meditantis. This work, long believed to have been 
lost, was identified by Mr. G. C. Macaulay in 1895, with a poem entitled 
Mirour de VOmme^ contained in the Cambridge University Library 
Additional MS. 1 891, and was printed by him in his edition oi Gower*^ 
IVorks, vol i. pp. 1-334. 

For the inscriptions on Gower's tomb see id. iv. pp. xxii sqq., viz. : 

Charity. En toy qu'es fitz de dieu le pere, 

Sauv^ soit que gist souz cest piere. 

Mercye. O bon Jesu, iai ta mercy 

Al alme dont le corps gist ci. 

Pit^. Pur ta pit^, Jesu, regarde, 

£ met cest alme in sauve garde. 

68, 1. 27. monumentes. There is a list in Harlty MS. 6069, £ 27, which 
reads Robert Hilyeard (L 27) ; Katheren wife of John Stodcer (L 31) ; 
Lorde of Paryed Ferrar for ' Lord Ospay Ferar ' (L 32) ; and John Biome 
(L 33). 'Ospay Ferar' may perhaps conceal some Italian noble of 
Ferrara, who died and was buried in England. 

81» !• 39* sir John Imworth. Stow's authority {Anom. Chron. 518) has 
'Johne de Imworthe'. But his real name was Sir Richard Imwoith 
(CP.^.Richd.11, L556). 

62, L 13. man^ fiv^ Insus. See Rendle and Norman, Insu of Old 
Somthwarhf and Norman, London Vanished and Vamshi^g^ pp. i-*37. 



Notes 367 

6d» L 22. Monuments in this Hospitall Churchy &c. Strype corrects 
thus : Adam Attewod, William Westoiii and John Every. These come 
from a list in Hariey MS. 6069, f. 271 which has also Roger Chamber, 
Richarde Chaunder, John Wode, Michael Enebrigge, and Thomas 
Knynton. 

06, IL 35-9. Sir John Throstone^ &c This is a curtailed version of 
the original draft in Hariey MS. 544, £ 98^^^, which reads : ' Gaue by his 
Testament towardes this purpos 200 ti. Thes were begone to be made by 
his lady and othar his executors in the yere of Christ 152I1 and ended in 
the yere 1522, Sir John Monday beinge then Maior of London, and there- 
fore by some thowght to be builded at the charges of the said maior : bat 
that was mistaken, for before as behynde every the sayde ovens the gold- 
smithes armes are &yre engraven in stmie, so ovar every ovene are like- 
wise ingraven the armes of the sayd sir lohn Throstone, and his ladies in 
one escutchen. There is of late taken &c.' 

70, 1. 36. Wc^ng in the Wo2e. * West,' the reading of the 1603 
edition, is a printer's error, foolishly altered by Munday to ' East ' {Survey ^ 
p. 461 ). A woze, or ooze, is a low marshy place. For the hanging of ten 
pirates at Wapping in the Woze in August, 1583, see Annates^ 1175, 
ed. 1605. 
Samuel Rowlands, in his Knave of Hearts^ p. 48, writes : — 

For though Pyrates exempted be 

From &tall Tybume's wither'd tree, 

They have an Harbour to arrive 

Call'd Wapping, where as ill they thrive 

As those that ride up Holboume Hill, 

And at the Gallows make their Will. 
71, 1. 17. Radcliffe it selfe hath beene aiso encreased^ &c Howes in an 
addition to the Annates^ p. 868, sub anno 1605, and possibly using 
material left by Stow, writes thus : *The undiscemable and new building 
of goodly houses, shoppes, sheds, and lodgings within the City, in many 
vacant places, with the converting of the Citie Bulwarkes into houses of 
pleasure, to the great and wondrous enlarging of the suburbs and skirts 
thereof, namely Ratcliflfe, Limehouse, RederifTe, Southwarke, Shoredltch, 
Whitechappell and Saint Katherines.' In the same place he writes that 
before 1563 'faire houses in London were plenteous, and very easie to 
be had at low and small rents, and by reascm of the late dissolution of 
Religious houses many houses in London stood vacant, and not any man 
desirous to take them.' Howes ascribes the growth of London to the great 
immigration of foreigners through the troubles in France and the Nether- 
lands. Compare with this the quotation on voL i. p. 208 of a presentinent 
made as to the increase of alien residents in Billingsgate* From his 
frequent reference to the pestering of the suburbs, and open places in the 
City with filthy small tenements it is ctear that Stow sympathised with 
the anxiety of Elisabeth's government about the growth of the capital. 
In 1 580 a royal proclamation (see Birch, 128-31) forbade any new buildings 



368 



Notes 



within three miles of the gates of the City. Three years later the Council 
directed attention to the great increase of boilding ' to danger of pestilence 
and riot \ and to the practice of dividing single tenements. NeverthelesSi 
in spite of repeated complaints by the Coundli the mischief continiied. 
In addition to the previous objections it was pointed out that the growth 
of London caused the decay of other towns, and increased the difficulty 
of provisioning the Capital (a matter which caused Elizabeth's government 
much anxiety). Finally, in 1593 a statute— -35 Eliz. c 3 — was passed, 
declaring that 'great mischi^s daily grow and increase by reason of 
pestering the houses with diverse femilies, harbouring of inmates, and 
converting great houses into several tenements, and the erecting of new 
buildings in London and Westminster \ But the statute was no more 
easy to enforce than the previous proclamations. In 1596 the Council 
again addressed the. Middlesex magistrates on the 'multitudes of base 
tenements and houses of unlawfuU and disorderly resort in the suburbs *, 
calling attention to the ' great number of dissolute, loose, and insolent 
people harboured in such and the lyke noysom and disorderly bowses, as 
namely poor cottages, and habitacions of beggars and people without 
trade, stables, ins, alehowses, tavemes, garden-houses converted to dwell- 
ings, ordinaries, dicyng-howses, bowling-allies, and brothel houses' {Acts 
of Privy Council^ xxv. 230). Naturally the growth of London could not 
be checked thus, though r^^ulation was no doubt needed. More or less 
vain attempts to restrain the increase of buUdings continued throughout 
the seventeenth century (see Remembrcmda^ 4i'5i; Acts of Privy 
Council^ xii. 94, 155, 213 ; xiii. 201 ; xiv. 356 ; xix. 278-81, 324 (for 
St. Katherine's to Blackwall), 348, 350 (Tower Hamlets) ; xx. 326 ; xxii. 
70, 145 (near Moorgate); xxv. 230; xxviii. 427 (Shoreditch, St. Giles, 
Cripplegate, and Clerkenwell), 435 (Southwaric) ; and xxuc 5. 

The present passage furnishes a convenient place for a general note. 
See Index III under 'Bowling Alleys', 'Building', 'Dicing houses', 
' Tenements '. 

78, 1. 8. saint Mary Matfellon. Stow's reference is to CcU. Inq,p^ m., 
iii. 186 ; but the name is much older, and appears as ' Mantefelune ' in 
1280, and ' Mattefelon * or ' Matrefdun ' in 1282 {Col. Wills^ i. 48, 58, 59). 
' Matfellon ' or ' Matrefillen ' is Old-French for the centaury or knap- 
weed. Probably, as in other cases, the church owed its distinctive name 
to some benefiactor. ' Matfelon ' and ' Materfeloun ' occur as surnames 
in the fourteenth century (N. and Q,, 9th ser., viii. 337-8). John de 
Knopwed, a mercer, died in 1341 (Cal. WillSy i. 448 ; see also Letter 
Book F, 79). 

1. 37. From Holy well^ &c. The omission here of the reference to 
the Theatre and The Curtain (see p. 262 above) is noteworthy. It may 
perhaps be explained in part by the (act that The Curtain was pulled 
down in 1600. But probably it was intentional, and due to lack of 
interest ; for the slight reference in the chapter on Sportes and Pastimes 
was also omitted in 1603 (see p. 236 above). The original notice in 



Notes 369 



HarUy MS. 538, was as follows : * Neare adjoyning are builded two 
houses for the shewe of Activities, Comedies, tragedies and histories, for 
lecreatioih The one of them is named the Curtayn in Holy Well, the 
other The Theatre. There are on the bak-syde of Holywell towards 
the filde from Holywell a continuall &c.' 

In both of Howes's editions of the Annaies (p. 698, ed. 1631) there is 
an often-quoted passage under date 1583, on how comedians and stage- 
players were grown exquisite actors, and praising Thomas Wilson and 
Ridiard Tarleton for their wit. But in Stew's own editions there is 
nothing whatever to correspond. 

74» 1. 6. Ealdisireete. Or Old Street : it was certainly a Roman 
way, and as ' Ealde Street * occurs in the twelfth century (Lethaby, London 
before the Conquest^ 58). 

margin. Soerditch, , , , as I can proue by record. Stow is probably 
referring to the late l^^d, which connected Shoreditch with Jane Shore, 
and is adopted by Heywood, Edward IV^ Part 2, Act v, sc. iii : — 

The people from the love they bear to her 
And her kind husband, pitying his wrongs. 
For ever after mean to call the ditch 
Shore's ditch, as in the memory of them. 

The name is, of course, much older. St. Leonard de Soreditch occurs 
in a deed circa 121 8 (vol. i. 166 above, and Monastkon^ vi. 625), and in 
the list of 1303 {Mun. Gild. I L i. 229) ; for other references in the thirteenth 
century see Hist. MSS. Comm. 9th Rep. 14, 15. 

1. 25. small and base tenements. Alluding no doubt to the gambling- 
houses, brothels, and other disreputable places which made the district 
notorious. Middleton, in Father Hubbard* s Tales ( IVorhs, viii. 96), calls 
* Spital and Shoreditch the only Cole-harbour and sanctuary for wenches 
and soldiers '. 

76» I. 28. 0/ late one Vicker there. Meredith Hanmer, vicar of St. 
Leonard*s, 1581-^ ; Fleetwood described him as 'a very bad man' and 
' not regarding an oath '. See Diet. Nat. Biog. xxiv. 297. 

76» 1. 4. this iustice was done. Alluding to the old quarrel with 
Thomas Stow. See Introduction^ pp. xiii-xix. * 

1. 14. the More. Stow's references to William's Charter and to Fitz- 
Stephen show the state of the Moor in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. 
But recent excavations have proved that the marsh did not exist in the 
early Roman period. Roman remains are found on the gravel underneath 
the marsh deposit. It was apparently the building of the wall (see p. 269 
above), and the obstruction ci the Walbrook, that converted the land on 
the north to a swamp, and set up the difficulties of drainage described in 
the subsequent passage. See Archaeologioy Ix. 181-3. 

L38. all the Gardens. From Memorials^ 614 (set p. 274 aiboyt). They 
seem to have been first made in 141 5. For their destruction see Chron. 
Lond, 224. 

STOW. 11 B b 



370 Notes 

Tit !• 3* J^oger Atchley. On Jan. 14, 1512, it was 'agreed that the 
Chamberleyn of this Citie shall cause a groonde callid the Mooreffelde 
to be levellid by the oversight of my lorde Maier and of the Shrevys of 
this Citie, and over that to provide a convenyent place for the dogge 
hous of the Comen Hunte of this Citie, and that the olde hoos be 
removed' (Repertory^ 2, f. 126^). 

1. 9. diners sluces. From the London Chronicle in Harley MS. 
540, f. 7 :-^' In y* same yere in Julii and in August was y* slewcys made 
in Fynsbery fylde to convaye y* yll watars ovar y* towne diche by pypes 
of lede in to y« Temes.' 

1. 16. three windmilles. In a Survey of the Manor of Finsbury (ap. 
Survey f 913, ed. 1633) taken m 1567, there is reference to the 'High 
Field or Meadow ground, where the three windmills stand, commonly 
called Finsbury Field'. Four windmills are shown on Agas's map a 
little later : but one of them stands rather to the west of the others ; ace 
Map in this volume. Others were afterwards added ; so Middleton 
writes, about 1617, in A Fair Quarre/y Act IV. sc i. : 'I have heard 
'em roar from the six windmills to Islington.' Six mills are shown on 
Faithome's map in 1658. Windmill Street, now re-named Tabernacle 
Street, preserved their memory. 

1. 18. inclosures 0/ common grounds. From Hall {Chron, 568), whose 
narrative stops at ' were never hedged '. The rest is an addition of Stew's. 

78. 1. 13. manyfayre summer houses. The buDding of garden-houses, 
or summer-houses in the rural suburbs, was very popular in the sixteenth 
century. They are often referred to in the old dramatists as favourite 
places for assignations. One of the scenes in Webster's Northward Ho ! 
(Act III. sc. ii) is laid at 'my master's garden-house here in Moorfields'. 
Samuel Rowlands, in his Knave ofClubs^ p. 7, describes how ' a countrie 
blew-coate serving-man ' wandering about London 

got into More fieldes 
Viewing the Walkes and Trees, 
And thence to Garden-Alley goes. 

The Moorfields were set in better order with new and pleasant walks 
soon after Stow's death (see AnncUeSy p. loai ^, ed. Howes). • To their 
previous unsatisfactory condition Dekker alludes in The Guls Hombooke : 
' To purge it will be a sorer labour than the cleansing of Augeas stable 
or scouring of Moreditch ' (Non-Dramatic Worksy iL 212, ed. Grosart). 

79, 1. 19. Grubstreete. It was convenient for bowyers, since it lay near 
the Archery-butts in Finsbury Fields. Randolph in Hey for Honestyy 
ap. Worksy ed. 165 1, p. 475, writes: — 

Her eyes are Cupid's Grub-Street : the blind archer 
Makes his love-arrows there. 

On the later history of Grub Street (now Milton Street) see Trans. IjnuL 
and MiddieseXy iii. 223-44. 

8I9 L 21. no mans land. Probably the I2i acres called 'nanes 
nUMi^lande ' which the king held in 1087 {Domesday ^ i. 127). 



Notes 371 



82, 1. 36. Monuments. Stow's manuscript list in Harley MS. 544, 
f. 67, supplies the correction, 'John Dorewentwatar, knight.' It adds 
' Katheren wyfe to William Lowe \ ' Joane ' wife of John Peake, and ' the 
wife of William Ardlestone '. 

88^1.14. inplacewhereof. Edward, Lord North, entertained Elizabeth here 
in 1 558 and 1 561 . His son Roger sold the Charterhouse to Thomas, Duke 
of Norfolk, on May 3 1 , 1 565 (Nichols, Progresses 0/ Queen Elizabeth^ i* 3 1)* 
i. 24. Tumemill streete^ Stow does not mention the houses of ill- 
fame which account for so many references to Tummill or TumbuU Street 
in the Elizabethan dramatists, e.g. Henry IV, Fu 3, Act ill. sc. ii, where 
FalstafT says of Shallow : * This same starved justice hath done nothing 
but prate to me of the wildness of his youth, and the feats he hath done 
about Tumbull Street.* 

1. 29. Priorie of saint John. Stow's account is taken from the 
Cartulary of the Hospital in Cotton MS.y Nero, £. vi, f. 3. 

84, 1. 33. a storehouse. The King's tents were housed at the Charter- 
house in 1 543-4. They may then have been kept for a time at St. John's. 
But in the autumn of 1 545 the Tents and Revels were removed to Black- 
friars. However, the Masters of the Tents, the Toils, and the Revels all 
appear to have had their storehouses at the 'late Hospital of St. John' 
before June 1560 (Chambers, Tudor Revels^ 13-30). 

85, 1. 9. buried in this Church. There is a list in Harley MS. 6069^ 
f* 43^^9 which supplies the following variants : Panday for ' Vanday '; 
Lanncolen ; Radington ; Walshall for ' Marshall ' ; Ouldhall for * Gondall '. 
The first fifteen are described as ' fifryars '• ' Hilles or Hayles * is dis- 
tinguished from 'William Hulles'. 

86, 1. 3. Ra/ph TimbUby. The list in Harley MS. 6069, f. 57^o, has 
' Ralphe Thrimbye *. It adds ' Dame Katherin Grene ' and ' Agnes wife 
of Thomas Batman, squyre.' 

L 33. other welles. See notes on pp. 273-3. 

87, L 3. Porte Poole or Grayes Inne. Simon de Gardino de Purtepole left 
his house within Holebume bar to his son-in-law Richard de Chygewelle 
or Chigwell (Cal. Wills, i. 48). Chygewelle in 1394 enfeoffed the Dean 
and Chapter of St Paul's with the property, and they enfeoffed Reginald 
de Grey, who held it of them in 1307. The Greys retained their con- 
nexion till 1506. But before 1397 Henry Grey de Wilton had made a 
feoffinent of 'Portpole maner' called * Grey's Inn ' to certain persons in trust. 
See E. Williams, Staple Inn, 33, 38-44* and Douthwaite, Gra/s Inn, 3*18. 
L 16. Richard Alington. Amongst Stow's Memoranda, 1 17-31, is 
The confessyon of Master Rychard Allington, esquere, the xxij of 
Novembre, 1561, abowte viij of y* clocke at nyght'. He accused himself 
of having made much money by usury, and says in his confession that he 
never thought hb death ' wolde have cum to passe by this dessease, con- 
siderynge it is but ye smalle pockes '. Machyn describes him as son of 
Sir Giles Alington (Diary, p. 274). 

89, 1. 35. This oide Fryer house. Stow places the original Blackfriars 

Bb 2 



372 Notes 



outside the City. But it seems clear that it was in the parish of St 
Andrew, Holbom, in Shoe Lane, both from grants to the Driars between 
1224 and 1260, and from the will of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln^ 
where his place that belonged to the Preaching Friars is mentioned ; as 
the conveyance to Lincoln in 1288 and his will were both enrolled in the 
Court of Husting (Col. Wills ^ I. 21B), they must have related to property 
within the City. Probably this is the Oldbome Hall mentioned on ti. 38 
above. Henry de Lac/s daughter married, as her first husband, Thomas, 
Eari of Lancaster, and in her right Earl of Lincoln. As Earl of Lancaster 
he was Lord of the manor of the New Temple, including Ralph Neville's 
house in Chancery Lane on part of the site of the modem Lincoln's Inn. 
See E. Williams, StapU Inn^ 45-54* 

90, 1. 19. encreased withfayre buildinges. There was much building at 
Lincoln's Inn during Elizabeth's reign. See Herbert, Inns ofCauri^ 39c>-5* 
1. 37* a sell to Burton Lager of Jerusalem. The reference is to the 
Hospital of lepers of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem at Burton Laxars in 
Leicestershire. But St. Giles was not annexed thereto till 1299, •& 
arrangement which was confirmed in 1354 (Tanner, Notitia MonasOca^ 
i. 304 ; Afoncut. Angl, vi. 632, 635 ; Letter Book G, 27-9). 

8I9 L 7. Gote on the Hope. It was bequeathed to the Drapers by 
William Calley in 1517 ; it is mentioned in 1432 {jCal. Wills^ ii. 473, 602, 
625). Ancient tavern signs were nearly always 'on the hoop'. See 
' Griffon on the hope ' on i. 323, and many instances in the Calendar of 
IVills, as ' Le Castell on the hoop' and ' Le Moone on the hoop *• The 
'hoop' seems to have 'originated in the highly ornamented bush or 
crown, which latterly was made of hoops covered with evergreens' 
(Larwood and Hotten, History of Signboards^ pp. 503-5, 3rd ed.). 

1. 10. a great Bowie of Ale. John Chamberlain wrote to Dudley 
Carleton on Oct. 31, 1618, thus : 'The morning that he [Ralegh] went to 
execution there was a cup of excellent sack brought him, and being asked 
how he liked it, " As the fellow," saith he, " that drinking of St. Giles's 
bow] as he went to Tyburn said : 'That were good drink, if a man might 
tarry by it "" {Court and Times of James I). 

82. 1. 10. Walter Stapieton. According to the account in the Annates 
Paulinif P- 3179 bis body was refused burial at St Clement Danes, and 
then laid temporarily in the waste church of the Innocents dose by. 

L 38. Chester s Inne. Hoccleve's reference to his residence at 
' Chestres Inne right fast by the Stronde ' (De Regimine Principum^ i) is 
all that is known of it. (Herbert, Inns of Courts 284.) 

OB, 1. 35. Bedford house. Acquired by John, Lord Russell; afterwards first 
Eari of Bedford, in exchange in 1 539 (Letters and Papers, xiv. 867, a 26). 
1. 36. luie bridge. On its history and that of Ivy-bridge Lane, 
which was destroyed by the extension of the Hotel Cecil, see Al. and Q., 
loth ser., v. 81, 136, 175. Sir Robert Cecil writes on Oct. 24, 1602, of ' My 
new howse (called Cecyll howse) by Ivye bridge' (Letters, Camd. Soc). 

90, 1. 25. afayre leager Booke. Stow is clearly quoting the Chertsey 



Notes 373 

Register in Cotton MS,, Vitellius^ A. xiii, f. 35, though not perhaps from 
his own knowledge. It is there stated that in the time 6i iCthehred I 
(866-71) the Danes arrived at Chertsey and summoned the monks to 
come out : ' lUis autem exire nolentibus, nee eorum obsecundare preceptis, 
omnes gladio interfecti sunt uidelioet XC| quorum corpora in uno loco 
iuxta uetus monasterium condita sunt. Postea ecdesiam et omnes 
officinas predicti monasterii igni combusserunt, res, terras, uiUulas, et 
omnes eorum possessiones depredauerunt. lUi autem in maUcia sua 
perdurantesy repatriare cupientes iusto dei iudicio apud Londoniam 
omnes interfecti sunt, in loco qui dicitur ecdesia Danorum.' The burial- 
place of the slaughtered monks was discovered after the relbunding of 
Cbertsey Abbey by Bishop iCthelwold of Winchester. The remains were 
then transferred to a shrine, * sicut in cronicis predicti monasterii anglico 
ideomate inuenitur: ''On^ Certeseye in ^ munstre )ier restet seint 
Beccan abbod, and seint Edor messe prest, and seint Fritbeuuold king 
y^x sta^lede erest )»at munstre, mid seint Erkenuualde abbod, )»at est wer^ 
Bissup on Londone suui}»e holi : and hundni^ti moneches of sli^ne mid 
he|»ene men.'* Acta sunt hec anno dominice incamacionis octogintesimo 
octogesimo quarto, tempore Ethehredi regis filii regis Etheluulfi.' 

The Chertsey record was written about I36a The greater part is 
based on William of Malmesbury, Abbo Passio S, Edmundi, and Bede. 
But the account of the destruction of Chertsey is' peculiar; Malmesbury 
{fiesta Pontificum, 143) refers simply to its destruction by the Danes — 
' qui, ut cetera, locum ilium pessnndedere, ecclesia succensa cum mon- 
achis et abbatei' The English fragment is based on the early eleventh 
century Anglo-Saxon list of Saints (see Liebermann, Die Heiligen Eng* 
lands y p. 19 ; and the Hyde Liber Vitae^ p. 94), with an interpolation from 
Bede of the notice of St. Erkenwald.* The incorrect date, ' 884' ( ^^theh^d I 
died in 871), and the &ct that the whole passage is a late compilation from 
various sources, make it untrustworthy. Very probably the punishment of 
the Danes refers to the massacre in the time of iCthelred II. As for the 
name St. Clement Danes, the street there was called 'Denchemen's 
street' early in the thirteenth century. 

97, 1. 30. three Innes of Chancery. On these small Inns see Herbert, 
Inns of Court, 276-83. Stow has given the history of the establishment 
of New Inn on iL 38 above. See Anc. Deeds, B. 2135-62. 

98, 11. 28, 29. house . . • doth yet remaine. J. T. Smith (Antiguities 
of Westminster, 12), writing in 1807 : 'the spot was where a part of the 
stable of the Golden Cross Inn, and some of the houses at the south end 
of St Martin's Lane now stand.' 

1. 30. the Mewse. The site of Tra£dgar Square. 

99, 1. 8. Durham house. Originally built by Antony Bek {d. 1310), Bishop 
of Durham. (Pennant, London, 192.) The site is the present AdelphL 
1. 14. triumphant Justing. See the Challenge and note of open 

^ The MS. hat <A^' simply. 

* I am Indebted fat these reftccoces to Mr. W. H. Stevenson. 



374 Notes 

house kept from April 50 to May 7, ap. Letters and Papers^ xv. 617, and 
account of the Justing in Wriothesley's Chnmiclei i. 1 16-18. 

100, 1. 31. 5. Marie Rounduall. Founded by William Marshal, 
Eari of Pembroke, in 1222, suppressed as an alien priory after 1432 
(C. P. R. Henry VI, ii. 247), and revived for a fraternity in 1476 (Man. 
AngL vi/ 677 ; C. P. R. Edw. IV, ii. 542). It was on the site of the 
present Northumberland Avenue. 

1. 36. Hermitage^ &c. 'The hermitage of St Katherine between 
St Mary Rouncivall and the King of Scottis ground' — ^i.e. Scotland 
Yard (C. P. R. Edw. IV, i. 213-4). 

101, 1. 3. on HcsfiUUl of saint James. Turold was warden of the 
Hospital of St. James by Charing {CherringanC^ in the reign of Richard I 
{Anc. Deeds^ A. 7822). 

102, 1. 13. built by king Henry the eight. Thomas Cromwell drew up 
in 1536 a memorandum of 'Things done by the King's highness sythyn 
I came to his service '• He has purchased ' St James in the Fields and 
all the ground, whereof the new park of Westminster is now made : all 
the old tenements in Westminster where now is builded the new garden, 
the tennis plays, and cockfight ' . . . 'He has newly builded ... the place 
at Westminster with the tennis plays and cockfight, and walled the park 
with a sumptuous wall ; and St. James in the Fields, a magnificent and 
goodly house' (Letters and Papers^ x. 123 1). The gate by the gallery is 
said to have been designed by Holbein; it was removed in 175a The 
other gate near the north end of the former King Street, and end of 
Downing Street, was pulled down in 1723. See Smith, Antiquities^ 20, 21 , 
with views (facing p. 24) showing the Gallery, Gate, and Tiltyard. See Anc, 
Deeds ^ A. 13406, 13446-8 for lands purchased for these improvements. 

1. 16. From this gate^ &c. Ben Jonson, who knew Westminster well, 
gives a summary of its topography in his Staple ofNewSy Act III. sc. ii. 

' Tattle. I have better news from the bakehouse in ten thousand parts 
in a morning : or the conduits in Westminster : all the news of Tuttle 
Street, and both the Alm'ries, the two Sanctuaries, Long and Round 
Woolstaple, with King Street and Cannon Row to boot 

' Mirth, Ay ! my gossip Tattle knew what fine slips grew in Gardener's 
Lane ; who kist the butcher's wife with the cow's breath : what matches 
were made in the Bowling-alley, and what bets were won and lost ; how 
much grist went to the Mill, and what besides ; who conjured in Tuttle 
fields and how many.' 

1. 16. Kings streete. Till long after Stow's time it was the only 
way to Westminster from the north. The last part of it has now been 
covered by the new Goverxmient offices in Parliament Street. 

L 16. Long ditch. A watercourse ran from the Thames by Canon 
Row to the end of Gardener's Lane. ' From the west end of Gardener's 
Lane it turned southward, and after passing down what is now called 
Prince's Street, but was then Long Ditch, crossed Tothill Street a little 
westward of the Gatehouse ; then taking an eastern directk>n, it ran along 



Notes 375 

by the south wall of the Abbey garden, where College Street now stands, 
to the Thames ; and this is still the exact course of the common sewer which 
was erected over it * (see Maitland, London^ 1328 ; Smith, Antiquities^ 
3, 103). Prince's Street was known as Long Ditch till about 1750. For 
houses on 'Langediche' between 1331 and 1367 see Samuel Bentley,* 
Abstract of Westminster Charters, 67-8. 

1. 18. Chanon Row. It is called ' Chanen Row' in 1 501 (Gaurdner, 
Letters, &c., Richard III and Henry VII, L 406). Howel {Landinopolis, 
350) says it is corruptly called ' Channel Row '. Smith argues that the 
latter form b the original, and connects it with the channel or cut from 
the Thames, referred to in the previous note {Antiquities, 3). However, 
the name 'Channel Row' does not seem to occur before 1557 (Machyn, 
Diary, 126 ; see also London Past and Present, iii. 325). An alternative 
name, as Stow notes in the margin, and on p. 122, was St. Stephen's Alley. 

L 27. high Tower. See p. 122 and note on p. 379. 

1. 31. the Woolestable, The Long Staple extended from the south end 
of Canon Row to King Street, whilst the Round Staple, at right angles to 
it, was about in the position of Parliament Street For the hbtory of the 
Woolstable see Hall, History of the Custom Revenue in England, and 
Cunningham, Growth of English Industry and Commerce, voL i, 4th ed., 
1905. For the Merchants of the Staple see Gross, Gild-Merchant, i. 140-7. 
104, L 13. vpon Enirode, This is obscure. Possibly it may be a 
corruption of ' eny rode ' (any riding or raid) as suggested by the reading 
of 1633. Or it may refer to the ' roade ' which Stow in his Annates (p. 437, 
ed. 1605) relates to have been made by Sir Hugh Calveley in 1377. The 
passage does not appear in the 1598 edition : that edition has, however, 
the marginal note ' Manuscript French ' which must consequently belong 
to the next paragraph. The Staple had been fixed once more at Calais in 
1376 (Foedera, iii. 105 7). 

L 27. sixe wooll houses, &c. Granted on Nov. 16, 1442, and con- 
firmed by Edward IV on July 16, 1461 (C. P. R. £dw. IV, i. 163 ; cf. 
Smith, Antiquities, 111-12). See further note on p. 378 below. 

1. 33. Theeuing lane. Smith describes it as ' a turning still existing ' 
on the west side of King Street, * very near its south end' (Antiquities, 27). 
If the thieves had entered the Sanctuary, they must have been liberated. 
Maitland (London, 1342) describes it as on the north of the Clochard. 

106, 1. 8. Sulcardus, He was a monk of Westminster about 1075, 
and author of a treatise, De Constitutione Ecclesiae Westmonasteriensis. 
It is merely by way of introduction to the Cartulary which he had 
prepared at the command of his abbot, and of which two extended copies 
are preserved in Cotton AfSS,, Titus, A. viii (early fourteenth century), and 
Faustina, A. iii (late thirteenth century). The reference to the Temple of 
Apollo appears in the latter MS. on f. 19^^. 

1. 17. T. Clifford. See note on pp. 281-2 above. 

1. 34. Charter. Stow's version of the charter, which is given 
in facsimile, is manifestly incorrect. Some of the errors are probably 



376 



Notes 



typographical, but others are due to the omission or addition of final 
#y most of the early antiquaries having no idea that this letter meant 
any more in Anglo-Saxon than it did in the orthography of their own 
day. The words seo gifta in line three are redundant ; the second word 
perhaps arises from anticipation by the copyist of the immediately fottow* 
>>^? gyf^^ 'I^c charter is printed by Kemble, Cod. Dipl, docdzi, from 
the thirteenth-century copy in Cotton MS., Faustina, A. Ill, t iio^<^, 
where the text is corrupt Stow's text is superior in having the correct 
Anglo-Saxon longap in 1. 6 against the Middle-English Umgen of the 
Cotton MS., and in some other minor details. It is possible that he may 
have derived his text from the original charter, or from a better copy than 
that contained in the Cotton MS. ; but these superior readings in his text 
may be due to corrections by some one moderately versed in An^o- 
Saxon. The Cotton text, derived from the MS. itself and without 
Kemble's accents and normalizations, is as follows : — 

Edward king gret WiUem bisceop and Leofrtan ondAXisf porterefen and 
alle mine burhtheynes on Lundene friendlice. Andicc ci]»e eow ^aet ice habbe 
segifen (sic) and unnen Crist and Sainte Petre ^am hakgen apostle into 
Westminstre fulne fredom ofer alle )»aland ]»e kmgen into ^are hala^gen stowe. 

Stow omits two-thirds of the text of the charter. I have to thank 
Mr. W. H. Stevenson for this note. 

107, 1. 13. tAe White Rose. In the Vitellius Chronicle (Chron. Land. 
358) it is stated that 4he tavern of the Sun' was pulled down. More 
than one inn may have been destroyed. 

1. 27. Peter a Painter. Pietro Torregiano, who came to England in 
the reign of Henry VII, and remained till at least 1 5 18. He contracted in 
1 5 1 2 to make ' well, surely, cleanly, workmanly, curiously, and substantially ' 
for the sum of ;£i,5oo a tomb of marble with ' images, figures, beasts, and 
other things, of copper gilt'. (Lethaby, Westminster Abbey, 236-7.) 

108, 1. 29. buried in this Church. Stow's printed list is based in part 
on one of which he has preserved a copy in Harley MS. 544, ff. 65 and 
67^^; this latter list seems to have been compiled after 1499, ^ it 
includes John, Viscount Welles, but before 1506, for it gives Catherine 
of Valois as buried in the Lady Chapel. The burials are described under 
the several chapels. Early printed lists are those in Camden's Reges, 
Reginae, &c, published in 1603, Weever's Funerall Monuments (1631), 
and Henry Keepe's Monumenta Westmonasteriensia (1682). For some 
critical notes see Mr. Lethab/s Westminster Abbey and the Kin^s 
Craftsmen, pp. 332-50, giving extracts from the list in Harley MS. 544. 

109, 1. 10. Henry thefift. His tomb was plundered in 1546 [Acts oj 
the Privy Council, I 328 ; Kingsford, Henry V, 386-7). 

1. 18. remayneth aboue ground. Katherine's body remained unburied 
till 1778, when it was removed to the Percy vaults. Finally, through the 
care of Dean Stanley, she was buried in her husband's chantry in 1878 
(Archaeologia, xlvi. 281-93). 

110, 1. 27. Johane Tokyne, &c. The list in Harley MS. 544, f. 67, 



Notes 377 

reads ' the lady Joane Tokayne daughter of dabridgecourte \ Probably 
the true reading is ' Cokayne ' ; for Joan, daughter (tf Sir John Dabridge* 
court {d. 141 5), manied John Cokayne {d. 1447), though her tomb has 
been supposed to exist at Ashbourne in Derbyshire (A. £. Cockaynei 
Cockayne Memoranda^ i. 20, ii. 195-6). 

1.38. in the Cloyster. According to Caxton, Chaucer was buried before 
St. Beaet's Chapel, dose to the monument which Brigham set up in 1555. 

Ill, L 6. mine awne paynefull labors. The edition of Chaucer was 
Stow's first production. See Introduction^ vol. i. pp. ix and Ixxxvi. On 
p. cccxl of his edition Stow writes thus : ' Here foloweth certaine woorkes 
of GeofTiey Chauser, whiche bathe not heretofore been printed, and are 
gathered and added to this booke by lohn Stowe.' Of twenty pieces 
thus added three are admittedly genuine, and Professor Skeat accepts 
two others ; of the remainder some are obviously by Lydgate or other 
later poets. Professor Skeat writes : ' It is clear that Stow had no better 
reason for inserting pieces in his edition of Chaucer than their occurrence 
in this MS. (Trin. Coll. Camb. R. 3, 19), to which he had access.' 'Stow 
in 1 561 added more pieces to the collection, but he suppressed nothing. 
Neither did he himself exercise much principle of selection.' See Skeat, 
Chaucer^ i. pp. 31-43, 56, and v. p. x ; and The Chaucer Canon^ 117-36. 

1. 31. Charter, The privileges of Sanctuary here set out are to be 
found incorporated in the spurious Charter of Edward the Confessor, 
professedly granted to Westminster in 1066. See Kemble, Codex^ 
dcccxxv, vol. iv. pp. 181-90, and especially pp. 186 and 188. I have not 
been able to trace a more exact original. 

US, margin. Liber IVoodMdge, Now apparently perished (Mon, 
Angl. vi. 600). 

116, 1. 24. noted by Robert Fabian, From the lost manuscript. See 
voL i. p. XXXV above. The corresponding passage in the Vitellius 
Chronicle {Chron, Lond, 200) is somewhat diflferent. 

119, 1. 39. the Starre Chamber. Smith {Antiquities^ 29) has an 
engraving of the Elizabethan ceiling decorated with roses, portcullises, 
and fieurs-de-lys. The name is much older than the Court (established 
in 1488) ; it occurs in 1378 (C. P. R. Richd. II, i. 276). 

120, 1. 7. a great Chamber. This White Hall, in which the Court of 
Wards and Liveries, and Court of Requests were held in Stow's time, 
was one of the rooms of the old palace of Westminster, and had of course 
no connexion with the later Whitehall Palace. As the ' White chamber ' 
in the palace of Westminster it occurs in 1341 (Co/. Close Rolls^ Edw. Ill, 
vi. 339 ; see also Chron. Land, 47, for • White Hall ' in 1399). The House 
of Lords sat here from 1801 to 1834. 

L 10. S. Stephens Chappell. There are frequent references to it 
during the reign of Henry III. It was refounded by Edward I in 1292, 
and work was in progress there from time to time down to 1352. For 
the history of the chapel and its decoration see Smith, AntiquUi£s^ 
72-101, 144-64, and 171-250, with elaborate illustrations. See also 



378 



Notes 



Lethaby, Westminster Abbey ^ 180-2, 188-91. For the foundation Charter 
of Edward III» dated Aug. 6, 1348, see Men. AngL vi. 1349. 

1. 19. He buildedfor those. Munday {Survey^ 523, ed. 1633) altered 
this to * He builded it for them ', which led Smith {AntiquitUs^ 81-2, loi) 
to censure Stow, since the chapel did not stand 'from the house of 
Receipt, along nigh to the Thames, but this was actually the situation 
of houses for the vicars'. The latter was clearly Stow's own meaning. 

L 21. there was also builded^ &c. What Stow means here is not 
clear ; but probably he depends on a grant by Henry VI in 1438, which, 
after explaining that the ground appointed for the dean's dwelling had 
not be«i and could not be built on, confirmed to the Dean rooms 
* situated within and on the wall of the king's said palace, adjoining *' le 
Wolbrigge" of the king's staple there on the east, and the Clock-Tower 
of the palace on the west, and the palace wall on the south running alcmg 
from the said dock-tower to the Thames, and bounded on the north by 
the way which runs between '' le Weyhous " of the said staple and the said 
'* Wolbrigge " ' (C. P. R. Henry VI, iii. 192). This grant itself is somewhat 
obscure. The way from the Weyhouse to the Woolbridge was on the 
line of the modem Bridge Street. On its north side were the six wool- 
houses referred to on p. 104. The ultimate additional buildings ran north 
and south along the Thames and formed Cannon Row. See Smith, 
Antiquities^ 82, 101-6, III, with plan facing p. 124. 

L 25. a strong Clochard, Stow's ascription of this building to 
Edward III was probably due to some confusion with the Clock-hoaae 
(see pp. 379-80 below). It did not belong to St. Stephen's ; J. T. Smith 
describes another tower, which appears to have been the bell-tower of 
that Chapel, and formed before 1834 the state staircase of the Speaker's 
house. The Clochard at the west end of the Little Sanctuary was an 
isolated belfry, and was built in 1249-53. It was a massive tower about 
sixty feet high, surmounted with a leaded spire. The spire was probably 
destroyed before Stow wrote, but the tower survived till 175a John 
Norden, about 1600, wrote of: 'the Little Sanctuary, wherein is a very 
ancient and old building and strong, now made a dwelling-house, some- 
time a tower, wherein was a bell of wonderful bigness weighing, as is 
reported, 33,000 wt and was rung only at coronations, which bell King 
Henry VIII employed to other uses at his going to Boulogne' (Lethaby, 
Westminster Abbey ^ 56-60, 155-6; Smith, Antiquities^ 89-92). In 
Maitland's time the ruined building was used as a tavern or wine-vault ; 
he describes it as * a prodigious strong stone-building of two hundred 
and ninety feet square, or seventy-two feet and a half the length of each 
side, and the walls in thickness [at the base] no less than twenty-five feet ' 
(London^ 1342). Stukely contributed an account of the building at the 
time of its destruction to Archaeologia^ i. 39-44, with plans ; he regarded 
it as the ruin of an asylum, connected with the Sanctuary, and described 
the interior as two chapels, one above the other ; his error has since been 
often repeated. 



Notes 379 

121, 1. la John Chambers^ or Chamber, was appointed Dean in 
1526, and died in 1549 (see Diet Nat. Biog. x. 30). He gave lands to 
St Stephen's (Woodi Fasti Oxanienses^ i. 89, ed. Bliss). For bis cloisters, 
which were on the north side of the Chapel, see Smith, Antiquities^ 138, 
148, 232. The College was dissolved in 1546. From that date till its 
destruction in 1834 the Chapel was used for the House of Commons. Its 
site is now St Stephen's HidL 

1. 1 8. our Lady of the Piew. In his first edition Stow incorrectly 
described the chapel of the Pew as a part of the house of Bethlehem 
Hospital near St Martin«in-the Fields (see p. 264 above). The Chapel 
of the Pew was probably situated on the north side of St. Stephen's, for 
at the creation of Henry, Duke of York, to be a Knight of the Bath in 
1494, the knights ' toke their waye secretly by our ladie of Pieu, thorough 
St Stephen's Chapell on to the steyr foote of the Ster Chambre end ' 
(Gairdner, Letters^ 6*r., Richard III and Henry VII^ i. 391). Maitkmd 
(London^ 1341) cites a reference to Our Lady (^ the Pew in 1369. The 
chapel occurs as * the king's closet of St Mary de la Pewe ' in the reign 
of Richard II. Froissart (ix. 409, ed. Luce), when describing the king's 
visit to Westminster on June 15, 1381, says that ' Richard went to a little 
chapel, with an image of Our Lady, that worked great miracles, wherein 
the Kings of England have great trust.' The latest notice which I have 
found is the record in Henry VIII's Privy Purse Expenses for 1531 of 
the payment of 8/. i^. 8</. ' to the clerk of the closet for money in charity 
at our Lady of the Pewe* (Letters and Papers^ v. p. 756). These 
instances suggest that ' our Lady of the Pewe ' owed its name to the 
fact that the king's closet or pew was there (cf. N, E. D. j. v, pew). 
As the king's private chapel its usefubiess ceased with the abandonment 
of the old palace ; probably it was destroyed when Chambers built his 
cloisters. Anthony, Earl Rivers, bequeathed his heart to be buried at 
our Lady of Pue, and provided for a priest to pray there one year 
(Excerpta Historical 246-7). The ' keeper of the chapel ', named on 
ii. 120, 1. 18 above, was keeper of 'la Pew*. Smith thought that the 
name was connected with the French puits^ since there was a well dose 
by. See Antiquities^ li, loi, I12-3, 116, 123-7. 

1. 35. a Tower of stone. According to tradition this Clock-house was 
built with the fine imposed on Ralph Hipgham, the judge, in 1290, for 
falsifying the record in order to reduce the fine on a poor man. This 
story appears first in Coke's Institutes (iv. 255), published in 1628. But 
Justice Southcote (d. 1585) is reported on a like occasion to have 'said 
openly that he meant not to build a clock*house' (Anecdotes and Tradi" 
tionsy 119, Camd. Soc; Strype, Survey ^ vi. 55 ; Archaeologia^ v. 427, 
xxxiii. 10). As a matter of fact the Clock-house was built for Edward III 
in 1365-6 — 'Turris infra palatium pro quodam orlogio facta' (Archaeo- 
logia^ xxxvii. 23-6, giving an account of the expenses, but confusing it 
with the Clochard). The dimensions of the Clock«Tower were 24 feet 
by 17 feet 6 inches. The bell, which was called 'Edward of Westminster' 



38o 



Notes 



or 'Great Tom% was presented by William III to St. Paul's. It tKen 

weighed 9,26 1 lb., but it was cracked in the process of removal and has 

since been twice recast with additional metaL The original beH had the 

inscription : — 

Terdus aptavit me Rex, Edwardque vocavit, 

Sancti decore Edwardi signarentur at hore. 

The Clock-Tower was granted to the parish of St. Margaret in 1698, and 
soon afterwards pulled down (Smith, AntiquitieSy 28, 261 ; Walcote, 
Memorials of Westminster^ 197-9). The grant to Walesby on June 239 
1453, was confirmed by Edward IV on July 16, 1461 (C*. P. R. £dw. I V, 
L 163 ; for earlier grants of the office of keeper of the Clock-Tower see 
id. Richd. II, i. I34» v. 648 ; Henry IV, i. 84, iii. 385 ; Henry VI, iL 184, 
540, iiL 131). Both Clock-Tower and fountain are shown in Hollar's 
print of New Palace Yard, date 1643. 

• 122, 1. 12. a veriefaire gate. ' Highgate (a very beautiful and stately 
edifice) having occasioned great obstructions to the members of Pariia- 
ment in their passage to and ftom their respective houses, was taken 
down in 1706 * (Maitland, London^ 1341 ; see also Smith, Antiquities^ 54). 
128, \. 10. first Presseo/booke printing... about... 1471. Stow's account 
is very inaccurate. John Islip only entered the abbey in 1480^ and did 
not become abbot till 1500. Caxton's first book. The Recuyell of the 
Histories of Troy^ was printed at Bruges in 1474. His first book printed 
at Westminster was The Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers on 
Nov. 18, 1477. He rented of the abbey in the ordinary way of business 
a house in the Ahnonry called 'The Red Pale' (Blades, Life of Carton, 
i. 60, 65-8). 

L 1 9. Anne sister to Thomas theLordeBuckhurst. She was the daughter 
of Sir Richard Sackville, and married Gregory (not Gyles) Fiennes, tenth 
and last Lord Dacre of the South. Daoe died in 1 594, and his widow on 
May 14, 1595. Her almshouse was for twenty poor persons, ten of each 
sex, with a school for twenty children {Diet. Nat. Biog. xviii. 427-8). It 
continued till recently as Emmanuel Hospital. The name of Stourton 
House survives in Strutton Ground, close by. 

I. 26. Petty France. Renamed York Street in honour of Frederick, 
Duke of York, who lived at Dover House from 1789 to 1792. 

L 26. 5. Hermits hill. Now St. Ermin's Hill, a blind-alley out of 
Great Chapel Street. It occurs as St Armin's Hill in 1610 (Cat. State 
Papers^ 1603-10^ p. 582). In the eighteenth century it was called 
Torment Hill, or St Torment's Hill. Van Dun's almshouses, also 
known as Red Lion almshouses, are placed by Strype in Petty France, 
backing on St. Ermin's Hill ; they are now abolished {N. and Q., 7th ser. v. 
449-50, vL 88, 213 ; 8th ser. ix. 242-3 ; London Past and Present^ ii. 467, 
iii. 424). 

126, L 21. Lucius. See note on p. 304. 

1. 27. of the London Bishops. Stow clearly took some pains over his 
list: but the result in its earlier part is not satisfoctory. The British 



Notes 381 

archbishops are purely legendary, as Stow recognized (see Stubbs, Reg. 
Sacr. Anglicanum^ snd ed.» pp. 215-16). The subsequent list down to 
Swithulf is £airly correct, but for Ingwald's three successors read ' Ecgwnlf, 
Sigheah, and Aldberht'; the dates are also inaccurate. Deorwulf was 
bishop as late as 862. From Swithulf to Robert, Stow's list is quite 
wrong. The true succession with the approximate dates was : JEMsXxa 
(d. 898), Wulfsige (898-910), Heahstan, Theodred (926-51), Wulfstan, 
Brihthehn (953-9), Dunstan (959-61), iElTstan (961-95), Wulistan II 
(996-1003), iElfwin (1004-12), Elfwig (1014-35), Elfweard (1035-44). 
Stow himself refers elsewhere to EUweard or Alfward, vis. on ii. 148 above. 
See further, Stubbs, u.s. pp. 220-1. 

128, 1. 21. confirmed* A spurious Charter of iCthelbald. (Cod* Dipi. 
Ixvi.) 

1. 31. Charter. Of Wiglaf of Mercia, spurious. {Cod. Dipt, ccxxxiii.) 

L 37. Charter. Of Berhtuulf of Mercia, spurious. {Cod. Dipt, cdxv.) 
128» L 7. buried. In the Floret HUtoriarum^ \. 332 — ^whence Stow 
seems to get his list to this point— it is expressly said that their tombs 
are unknown. 

L 9l Theodricus, Theodred, bishop of London, witnessed a charter 
of Edred in 947. {Cod. Dipt, ccccxiii.) 

L 19L he confirmed. Stow has assigned to 'Edgare' acts which 
should belong to iElfstan. ' iEdelstanos ' or 'i£lfetanas' of London 
witnesses spurious charters to Winchester and Croyland in 966 {Cod. 
Dipl. dxxiii, dxxviii). ' Eadgar presbyter ' appears as witness to genuine 
charters for ' WuUrhiton * (Wolverton) in 977 and 984 {id. dcxii, dcxlv). 

1. 32. sate 17. yeares. Stow is in manifest error. William was 
consecrated in 105 1, in place of Spearhafoc, whom archbishop Robert 
had rejected, and lived till 1075, when he was succeeded by Hugh de 
Orivalle, or Orwell, who died in 1086. Bishop William's epitaph from 
St Paul's is given in Godwin, De Praesulibus^ 174-5* 

190, L II. GObertus Vniuersalis. Consecrated Jan. 22, 1128, died 
Aug. 10, 1134. 

L 13. Robert de SigUlo. Consecrated 1141, died 1151. 

1. 2a deceased Ji86. Should be Feb. 18, 1187. 
182» L II. J241. Fulco Basset. Though Roger Niger died on Sept. 29, 
1 241, Basset was not consecrated till Oct 9, 1244. 

1. 15. Henry Wingham. Consecrated Feb. 15, 1260. 

1. 2a Richard Talbot. Not given by Stubbs ; Sandwich was conse- 
crated May 27, 1263. 

1. 24. I27S' John Cheshui. Consecrated April 29, 1274, died Feb. 8, 
1280. 
188^ 1. 5. yecire JJ07. Should be Jan. 30, 1306. 

1. 13. Stephen Grauesend. Consecrated Jan. 14, 1319. 

1. 17. Raph Stratford. Consecrated Mar. 12, 134a 

1. 23. Afichaell Norbroke. Better Northburgh ; consecrated July 12, 

1355- 



382. 



Notes 



1. 25. Simon Sudbery. Consecrated Mar. 30| 1362. 

1. 3a Robert Breybrooke. Consecrated Jan. 5» 1382. 
184, 1. 22. Robert Fitzkugh. Consecrated S^t. 16, 143 1. 

1. 26. Robert Gilbert. Consecrated Oct. 28, 1436. 

1. 28. Thomas Kempe. Consecrated Feb. 8, 1450. 

1. 35. John Marshal. There was no such bishop of London. A 
John Marshall was bishop of LlandafT 1478-^. 

1. 37. Richard Hill, Consecrated Nov. 15, 1489, died Feb. 20, 
1496. 
136. 1. 13. deceased 1^21. Should be Jan. 15, 1522. 

1. 18. Cuthbert Tunstal. Consecrated Oct. 19, 1522. 

1. 24. Edmond Boner. Consecrated April 4, 1540. 
Id7» I. 16. John Elmere. Or Aylmer; consecrated March 24, 1577. 
188. 1. 7. parish churches. Stow's list may be compared with the 
list of churches in the City proper in 1303 m the Uber Custumarum^ 
ap. Mun. Gild, II. i. 228-38. All the churches named by Stow appear 
in the older list except St Katherine's by the Tower, Trinity in the 
Minories, St. Peter in the Tower, The Chapel in Guildhall, St Aime at 
the Blackfriars, and St. James by Cripplegate; the absence of these is 
easily explained. Most of the remainder can be traced back to the 
twelfth century, and many even further. See refisrences in notes above, 
and for churches belonging to St. PauPs see Hist. AfSS. Comm. 9th 
Report. 
140, 1. 14. New Mary Church. See notes on pp. 317, 328. 
147, 1. 3a diuers old Registers. One was no doubt the London 
Chronicle in Harley Roll^ C. 8, which, unlike any other version with which 
I am acquainted, begins with a Latin notice of the early government of 
the City from the time of Edward the Confessor to 1 189 ; the Roll contains 
some notes in Stow's writing. I have not been able to trace the St. 
Albans book ; but like the Harley Roll it probably derived its information 
from the account given in the Trinity Cartulary, which was printed by 
Heame in the notes to his edition of William of Newburgh (iii. 724-6). 
Under the reign of William II the Roll has ' G. de Ms^m Vicecomes ' 
(see i. 121, 287 above) and ' R. de Pere, prepositus ' ; Heame has ' G. de 
Magnavilla ' and ' R. del Pare* Under Henry I the Roll has Hugo de 
Boche (Heame, 'Boch'), this is no doubt the well-known Hugh de 
Bocland ; and ' Rob. de Berquereola ', Stow*s ' Bar Querel ', who may 
possibly be one of the Bockerels ; Aubrey de Vere, who was sheriff in 
1 125, was killed in 1141 (Round, Geoff, de Mandeville^ 8i| 309). Under 
Stephen, Stow's ' Andrew Bucheuet ' is the ' Andreas Buchuynt * of the 
Roll, who was ' Justiciar of London * (id. 373, and Commune of London^ 99, 
108-13). 

For the charter naming Alfward and Wolfgar see Letter Book C, 218 ; 
the date must be 1042-4. Swetman is named in a Chertsey Charter 
(Cod. Dipt, dccclvi), Leofetan and Aelfsi in two Westminster Charters of 
Edward the Confessor (id. dccdvii, and dccdxi, see also ii. 105 above). 




Notes 



For a facsimile of William's London Charter see Sharpe, London and the 
Kingdom, vol. i. 

For a list of the early sheriffs see Record Office Lists g, p. lOo. 
named by Stow, Peter FiliWalter, who held office 1174-6, w 
speaking 'custos' or 'bailiff', not sherifT; FitzNigel was sheriff in 1177. 
BucheI]orBuzellinii78, andFitzlsabelinii56,ii63,it76,ii78,and iiSi. 

14S, I. 18. In the [first yeare of king Richard the first, &c. This is 
ertoneoits. Richard did not giant a Commune to London. Thai privilege 
was not obtained rill iiQr, when the citiieos toofcadvaniage of the quarrel 
between John, the king's brother, and William Longchamp the Chancellor, 
to extort this privilege from the former as the price of their support. 
Ronad, Commune 0/ Londott,i\<j-i^\ see also Eng. Hist. Rev., xix.yot^. 
1. 39. TAe names, &c. Stow probably based his list of Mayors and 
Sheriffs on the current lists, of which examples are found in the London 
Chronicles and in Fabyan. But these lists had in process of time been 
much confused and corrupted. A chief cause of error was the numbering 
of the civic officers under each king's reign sepa.rately. Regnal and 
Mayoral years did not, however, coincide: thus the Mayor and Sheriffs 
elected in the last year of Henry 111 (i.e. in Sept.-Oa. 1272) held office 
during nearly the whole of the first year of Edward I ; this may help lo 
explain the misdating by Stow of the Mayors and Sheriffs for the greater 
part of Edward's reign. Other difficulties were caused by the removal 
or death of Mayors and Sheriffs during their term of office, la conse- 
quence, the lists in the Chronicles and in Stow are hopelessly inaccurate 
down to 13CX1. For the Sheriffs an authoritative list has been compiled 
from records of the Exchequer in Reeord Office : Lists and Jmlexes, 9, 
The names in this list agree so n-ell with those in the Liber de Antiguis 
Legibus (covering the period 1189-1374), that we may accept the latter 
as a trustworthy guide for the names of the Mayors ; I ha\'e checked ii 
by the attestation of documents in the Catalogue 0/ Ancient Deeds. A list 
of mayors and sheriffs from 1276 to 1330, prepared at the great Iter of 
1330,18 given in the Liber Cttslumaruin (.Muh. did, II. 1.391-4 ; another 
list on pp. 239-46 is not free from error). There is a list of Mayors 
and Sheriffs in Letter Bool! F (pp. 276-303), which was originally com- 
piled in 1354, subsequent names being added from lime to time down to 
1548. In its earliest part this list presents similar errors to those of Stow ; 
but from about the end of the reign of Edward 1 it may be accepted as an 
authoritative record. In addition to the foregoing there is a nearly con- 
temporary list of sheriffs for the reigns of Richard I and John in Additional 
MS. 14252, f. 107. A similar list of Mayors and Sheriffs, coming down 
to 1233, is printed from the Trinity Cartulary by Heame in his notes to 
William of Newburgh, iii. 736-S. Both the latter resemble Stow in giving 
Henry de Comhill and Richard filius Reneri as sheriffs for t Richard 1, 
though they really vacated office early in that regnal year at Michaelmas, 
1189. Heame's list, like Stew's, gets the later dates right by omitting 
Serlo le Mercer and Henry of St. Albans under 1106-7 ; this list seems 



>n the ^^H 
Ofthosc * 



384 



Notes 



to represent the original of die lists in the Ckr&nicUs. In Add. MS. 
14252 the Sheriib are a year too late down to 'MartinUs Alia* and 
'Petrus Bat' in the ^i6th* year; then comes the note : 'Sal. et fang, 
de bar. Disddium inter regem et barones. Andr. NeoL et Johes. 
trauers. Aduentus lodowici primus. Will's. Albus trauers, B. SeinL' 

Dr. Gairdner printed an annotated list from 1199 to 1470 in CaUecHms 
of a London Citizen^ pp. 242-58, giving the chief variations of the lists in 
the London Chronicles, and in Fabyan. 

In revising the Ibt on ppi 149-86 above, Stow's spelling has been pie* 
served, wherever possible ; and also his system of dating, the year A.D. 
being always that in which the Mayor and Sheriffs named took offioe ; 
thos under 1400, John Francis is the Mayor who held oflSce from Oct 29^ 
1400, to Oct. 28, 1401, being the second mayoral year of Henry IV. 
Throughout the whole period the Sheriffs took office on Sept 39 and 
the Mayor on Oct 29; this overlapping sometimes causes confhsion, 
e.g. in 1247-8 both Peter FitzAlan and Michael Tovy occur as Mayor, 
with William Vyel and Nicholas Bat, Sherifis. (For an account of how 
the Lord Mayor's day was changed to Nov. 9 see A^. and Q., loth ser., v. yx) 

The errors of date in Stow's list have afiected his notioes of events. 
I have endeavoured to put these notices under their appropriate years ; 
thus the notes on Walter Brune, Henry FitzAlwin, and William Joynert 
which in the edition of 1603 appear under 1203, 1212, and 1239, are 
put back to 1202, 1211, and 1238. Similariy the notices for Alen de la 
Souch (1266), Gregory Rocksley (1274), and Henry Walleis (1281) are 
all put back one year, in order that they may appear where these persons 
are first mentioned, as they do in the text of 1603. For otho* notices 
see notes below. 

In the footnotes on pp. 149-86 the following abbreviations are used : — 
j4. « Additional MS. 14252. 

F. « The list in LeUer Book F. 

G. a Dr. Gairdner's list 

H. « Heame's list from the Trinity Cartulary, 
L. » Liber de Aniiqtns Legibus, 
O. "" Official list in Record Office List^ 9. 
S, B Stow's list in the Survey for 1603. 
149, L 34. Their i. Maior. It is probable that Henry FiuAlwin's 
term of offioe dated from the recognition of the Commune in 1 191. But the 
earliest mention of the Mayor of London seems to occur in 1 193 (Round, 
Communo of London^ pp. 225*35). ' Fifteenth of King John ' is an 
error; FitzAlwin died on Sept 19, 121 2, in the fourteenth regnal and 
thirteenth mayoral year. 

161, L 23. ^ chuse • . a Maior. I leave this under the date to which 
Stow assigns it ; but there was no charter in 1208-9, and the reference 
must be to the Charter of May 9, 1215 (Birch, 12). It is noteworthy 
that the London Chronicles allege that the first mayor held office in 
10 John (see Gregorys Chronicle^ 60 ; Ckron. Land. 2). 



Notes 385 

152j U II. the ditch, I leave this under 1313-14 ; but see vol i, 
p. 19. 

168, 1. 9. Canstantine FitsAluif. Stow places under 1222-23 ; but 
the true date was July-August, 1222. See Lib. de Ant, Legg. 5 ; Gregorys 
Chronicle y 63 ; M. Paris, iii. 71. 

166, 1. 13. The King grtmntedy &c. Stow places under 1250-1 ; but 
see Lib, deAnt, Legg. 19. 

1. 19. The Liberties, 8lc. Stow places under 1252-3; but see Lib. 
de Ant, Legg. 21. 

1. 21. The Maior^ &*c. I leave under 1254-5 ; but it would refer 
better to 1257-8, cf. Lib', de Ant. Legg. 32, and 29-36. 

167, 1. 3. the walies. Stow places under 1257-8, and it may refer to 
M. Paris, v. 697 ; but moxe probably it refers to v. 634 and belongs to 
1256-7. 

168, 1. 12. Thomas FitsTheobald. I leave this note under the year 
where Stow gave it But FitzTheobald and his wife Agnes, sister of 
Thomas Becket, of course founded their hospital much earlier. See i. 2691 

1. 22. Bow Church. Stow places under 1 271-2 ; but the date was 
Jan. 1271 (Ann. Land. 81). 

160, 1 3. Lawrence Ducket. Stow places under 1284-5 i ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^ 
the year that Goodcheape was sheriff. Cf. i. 254 and Ann. Land. 8i. 
For some light on the murder see references to another af&ir in 
which Ducket and Crepin had been concerned in Hundred RoUs^ i. 
403 sqq. 

1. 19. Raph Samovars. In the Cotton MS. Julius, B. II {Chron. 
London 7), Ralph de Sandwich is said to have been Custos ' usque in 
crastinum Sancti Bamabi Apostoli, anno xxii<*'. (So also the list in 
Letter-Booky F, 282.) However, from the Liber Custumarum {Mun. 
Gild, II. 292) it appears that in 1289 Sandwich was removed 'ante 
festum Purificationis Beatae Mariae', and Ralph de Bemers, deputy- 
Constable of the Tower, was appointed in his place ; but within a few 
days Bemers was succeeded as Custos by John le Breton. Then in 
19 Edward I Bemers and Breton were removed, and Sandwich 
again made both Custos and Constable of the Tower. See also Ann. 
Lond, 97. 

1. 28. Three men. Stow places under 1293-4; but see Ann. 
Lond, 102. 

161, L 13. the Tunne. Stow places under X298-9; but it was before 
August, 1298 (Letter-Booky B, 75). See note on pp. 302-3 above. 

166, 1. 9. Walter Nele^ BkuUsmith. It should be ' blader ', i. e. corn- 
monger, see note on p. 325 above. 

1. 12. The king graunted. The date of this grant was June 10, 1354. 
(Birch, 63.) 

166, 1. 26. Aldermen. Edward II granted in 1319 that they should be 
removeable every year on March 12, and not be re-elected (Mun. Gild. II. 
i. 269). There was some doubt whedier this meant that they must be 

STOW. II Co 



386 



Notes 



removed, or only that they might be removed. On November la, 13769 >( 
was ordained that all the aldermen should vacate office on that day, and 
not be re-elected* But on March 8, 1384, it was ordered that they should 
not be removed except for some reasonable cause (id. 1. 361 II. ti. 436 ; 
cf. Letter-Book^ H, 58). 

160» 11. 16-17. Brember . . . beheaded. An error. Brembre was hanged 
at Tyburn (Rot. Pari, iii. 238). Stow repeats the mistake in the 
Annates. 

186, L 26. James Dalton, Stow in his Annaies^ pi 1217, ed. l6o5i under 
date 1586, writes of a letter from the Queen 'read openly in a great 
assembly of the Commons in the Guildhall, August 22, before the reading 
whereof, master James Dalton, one of the Counsellers of the City, in the 
absence of the Recorder made this speech hereafter following, &c.' 
James Dalton was made under-sheriff of London through Buighley's 
favour in March, IS94 (Lansdaztme MSS. 77 (31) ; and 34 (18), 77 (51) 
and 79 (75)— three other letters from Dalton). 

106, 1. 37. the new fashion offlatte caps, Howes in 163I, with reference 
to the time of Queen Mary and beginning of the reign of Elizabeth, writes 
of the London apprentices : ' They also wore flat caps, both then and 
many yeares after, as well Apprentices as Journey-men, and others, both 
at home and abroad, whom the Pages of the Court in derision called 
Flat-caps ', Annates^ p. 1041. Ben Jonson, in Every man in his Humour^ 
Act II, Sc. i, writes : — 

Make their loose comments upon every word. 
Gesture, or look I use; mock me all over, 
From my flat-cap unto my shining shoes. 

And Dekker in The Honest IVhore, Pt. 2 :— 

Flat Caps as proper are to Citty Gownes, 
As to Armors Helmets, or to kings their Crownes. 
Let then the City Cap by none be scom'd 
Since with it Princes heads have been adomd. 

186, 1. 5. Sir John White wore it. Stow in his Memoranda (pp. 127-8) 
writes : ' Ser John Whit, beynge mayre, wore bothe a longe beard and 
allso a round cape that wayed not iiij ounces, whiche semyd to all men, in 
consideracyon of y* auncient bonyt, to be very uncomly.' Dekker in 
The Honest IVhore^ Pt. 2, comments both on caps and shaving ( IVorhSy 
ii. no): — 

For Caps are emblems of humility ; 

It is a citizens badge, and first was wome 

By th' Romans; for when any Bondmans tume 

Came to be made a Freeman : thus 'twas said. 

He to the Cap was call'd ; that is, was made 

Of Rome a Freeman, but was first dose shome, 

And so a Citizen's haire is still short wome* 



Notes 387 

In 1 543 the Court of Aldermen had actually ordered that no one wearing 
a beard ' of more notable prolyxyte or lengtL than that worn by other 
citizens should be admitted by redemption to the liberties and freedom 
of the City as long as he should wear any such beard ' {Repertory^ lo, 
f« 343> ap. Letter-Book^ D, p. xi). 

186, 1. 33. The author. Stow expressly conceals his name, whilst stating 
that he was a Londoner bom. From a reference at the head of p. 202 
it appears that the writer was a young scholar at Oxford during the reign 
of Queen Mary, and from another on p. ao8 to have been a lawyer, familiar 
with London constitutional government. The facts might suit James 
Dalton, who was at Christ Church in 155 1 (Reg. Univ. Oxford^ i. 217). 
The occasion for writing seems to have been the proclamation against 
new building in 1580 (see note on pp. 367-8 above). 

220. Descriptio Londaniae was written in 11 74 by William Fitz- 
Stephen as a prelude to his life of Thomas Becket It is not, however, 
found in all the extant copies of that work, and of the manuscripts used 
for the edition in Materials- for the History €f Thomas Beckety vol. lii 
(Rolls Series), Lansdowne 398 (in the British Museum) alone has it in 
full, whilst Douce, 287 (in the Bodleian Library) has an imperfect copy. 
Other copies are contained in Marshall MS. 75 (in the Bodleian Library)> 
and in the Liber Custumarum, preserved at the Guildhall and edited by 
H. T. Riley in Mun. Gild. II. i. 1-15. Stow might presumably have 
had access to the last ; but his discussion on London Schools (voL L 
71-3) shows that he had not made use of it. His original more nearly 
resembled the Douce MS. which belonged to Lestness Abbey, near Erith, 
and the Marshall MS. which Heame thought Stow had used. 

The Description of London has -been several times printed, viz. by 
Strype in his Survey (Appendix, pp. 9-li)> using the Liber Custutnarum ; 
by Thomas Heame in vol. viii of Leland's Itinerary from the Marshall 
MS. ; by Samuel P^;ge in 1772 with notes ; and by W. J. Thoms in his 
edition of the Survey , where the previous printed editions are collated 
with the Lansdowne MS. The present text is based on a comparison 
of Stow's text with the two versions in the Rolls Series, which I have 
collated anew with the Lansdowne MS. I have further given some 
references to Hearae's text and to the Douu MS. 

The copy in the Liber Custumarum, though somewhat late in date, 
is of pectdiar interest for its civic origin. On the whole it agrees with 
Stow*s text more dosely than does the Lansdowne MS. It has the 
peculiarity of being divided into twenty-five chapters, as against the 
eleven of Stow's version; the chapter De Pascuis et Sationalibus is 
divided into two ; the chapter De Dispositione Urbis has four divisions, 
and that De Ludis no less than ten. In the Lansdowne MS. there is no 
division into chapters. In the present edition Stow's division (which is 
also that of Heame) is retained. As a rule the text follows that of Stow, 
where he is supported by either of the chief MSS. No MS. appears to be 
entitled to pre-eminent authority. 

Oca 



388 Notes 



. In the footnotes on pp. 319-39 above, 

C^ Liber Cusiumarum. 

D.-Douce MS. 387* 

H.BBHeune s edition. 

'L.^LaHsdowne MS. 398. 

S.—Stow's text of 1603. 
FitxStephen adorned bis narrative with an extraordinary display of 
classic learning (mucb of it no doubt second-band). I bave given as 
many references as I could find in previous editions or trace elsewbere. 



ADDENDA 

i. 217» 1. 25. no silks. See ii. 313, wbere tbe note sbould be tbat the best 
version of London Lickpenny does mention silk, tbough Stow's own copy 
bas simply ^ Paris tbred, coton, and vmple '• Nicolas, Lond. Chron.^ 363 
and 267 ; and Skeat, Specimens of English Literaiure (ed. 1879, p. 26). 

L 886, 1. 13. Beatrix his wife. Stow bas made a confusion iiere. 
Sur Ricbard Burley {fU 1387) married, as ber tbird husband, Beatrix, 
daughter of Ralph, Earl of Stafford, and widow of Thomas, Ixnd Ros of 
Hamelake, who died in 1383. Beatrix died on April 14, 1415 (G. £. C. 
Complete Peerage^ iii. 84, vi. 401 ; Beltz, Memorials of the Garter^ 293). 

l 889, 1. 7. Pembrooks Inne. See iL 35a John of Brittany, Earl of 
Richmond, had licence on May 5, 133 1, to grant to Mary, Countess 
of Pembroke, the castles, towns, manors, and lands which he held in 
England {C.P.R. Edw. Ill, ii. no). 

i. 847, 1. 28. parish church of St. Mildred. On Faitbome^s map tbe 
church is shown on the north side of Basing Lane, and this seems to be 
tbe position indicated by Stow, c£ i. 348, U 13. But the existing church 
is on the south side, and there does not seem to be any record of a change 
of site when tbe church was rebuilt after 1666. 

ii. 102, L 18. Chanon Row. See ii. 37$. ^Tbe Chanon Row' is mentioned 
in a letter of Anthony, Eari Rivers (d. X483), ap. Additional MS.^ 
iS459»<^3i6. 

ii. 104, L 28. six wooll houses. See ii. 375 and 378. On Dec 15, 
1437, Henry VI granted to John Beket and Thomas Carre, the six 
bouses called the houses of tbe king's wools. Tbe bouses were part of 
the foundation of the College of St Stephen, but bad been lately returned 
to the king for a certain compensation. This grant was surrendered, 
when on Nov. 16, 1443, the king granted tbe bouses to the Dean and 
Canons of St. Stephen's in frank almoign (C.P.R. Henry VI, iii. 123, 
125). 



SUPPLEMENT TO THE NOTES 

The purpose of this Index is to give references to modem editions of 
authors cited or used by Stow ; and to Cdlections and Calendars, where 
documents so used or cited may be found. I ))ave endeavoured, where 
possible, to give the actual source of Stow's information. But it must 
not be assumed that he had always made use of the authority here given. 
Thus whilst it is certain that he had used the Liher Aldus and Lider 
Custumarum, it is not so clear that he was acquainted with the Liber 
de Antiquis Legibus, The references are unavoidably imperfect ; some 
are difficult to trace ; some come from sources still unprinted and un- 
calendared. Stow had, moreover, made use of manuscripts which seem 
now to have perished ; such are his Liber S. Mariae Overy and Liber 
Woodbridge. For the minor religious foundations in London, the editor? 
of the Monasticon Anglicanum could often add nothing to the information 
preserved in the Survey. 

When the sources of any statement have been discussed in the Notes, 
they are not here repeated. Whenever possible, references to mediaeval 
historians are to the editions in the Rolls Series. The following abbrevia- 
tions are used both in the Notes and in this Index. 
Anc. Deeds,] Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds preserved in the 
Public Record Office, vols, i to v. (The deeds are arranged in four 
classes lettered A, B, C, and D.) 
Ann, Land, I Annales Londonienses and Annates Paulini, ap. Chronicles 
Ann, Paul. I of the reigns of Edward J and Edward IL (Rolls Series.) 
Ann. Man.] Annales Monastici. (Rolls Series.) 
Anom. Chron.] An Anominalle Chronicle belonging to the abbey of 
St. Maries m York, ap. English Historical Review^ xiii. 509-22. 
(Stow's Liber S. Mariae Eborum.) 
Birch.] The Historical Charters and Constitutional Documents of the 

City of London, ed. W. de G. Birch. 
Cal. Inq. p. m\ Calendarium Inquisitionum post mortem. 4 vols, folio. 

(Record Commission.) 
C. P. R^ Calendars of the Patent Rolls, prepared under the superinten- 
dence of the Deputy-Keeper of the Records. (Cited by the sovereign, 
and number of the volume in each reign.) 
Cal. Wills.] Calendar of Wills in the Court of Husting, London. 2 vols., 

ed. R. R. Sharpe. 
Chron. Angliae.] Chronicon Angliae, 1 328-88, ed. Sir £. M. Thomp- 
son. (Rolls Series.) 
Chron. Land.] Chronicles of London, ed. C. L. Kingsford. 



390 Supplement to the Nates 

Cod, Difi^ Codex Diftanaticiis AevI Saxooid, ecL J. M. Kemble. (Eng- 
lish Hist Soc) 

Flcr. lVig.'\ Fkrendi Wigorniensis Chioiiicoii. 2 vols. (English Hist. 
Soc., with the continiiations by ]6tak Taxter and John Eversden, 
iL 136-279.) 

Gent. Mag. Uhr,] The Gentleman's Magazine Library^ ed. G. L. 
Gonune* 

Gregory CMrom.] Gnffxfs Chronide of London, ap. CoUtcOons of a 
London CiHznu (Camden Soc) 

HalL] Edward Hall's Obm^^.ed. 1809. 

HUi. MSS. Comm, 9th Re{i.] Ninth Report of the Royal Historical 
Manuscripts Commission^ Aiq[iendix A. Manuscripts of the Dean 
and Chapter of St PanTs. 

Imq. p. m. Lond.] Inqutsitiones post mortem relating to the City of 
London, vols, i-iii. (British Record Soc) 

Letters and Papers^ Calendar of Letters and Papers of the Reign of 
Henry VIII, ed. J. S. Brewer and James Gairdner. 

Litter-Book^ A, &c] Calendars of Letter-Books of the City of London, 
ed. R. R. Sharpe. (The several volumes are distinguished by letters. 
Only the calendars lor A to H have as yet appeared. Dr. Sharpe 
has kindly allowed me to consult hb MS. calendar for I ; its interest 
is, however, chiefly for general Ei^^lish history. The early publica- 
tion of a calendar to K, which was used by Stow, and is of great 
value for London history, is mudi to be desired.) 

Lib. de Ant. Legg.] Liber de Antiquis Legibus. (Camden Soc The 
earliest of London chronicles.) 

Maitland.] TAeNutofy and Survey 0/ London fhyVf.MaiihLod. 2 vols., 
fdio, 1756. 

Afentoranda.] John Stow's Memoranda of contemporary occurrences, 
1561-67, ap. Tkree Fifteenth Century Chronicles^ (^ 1I5~47- 
(Camden Soc) 

Memori4ils,'\ Memorials of London and London Life, ed. H. T. Riley. 
(A translation of documents from Letter^Books \lo I, between 1272 
and 1420.) 

Alon. AngL] Monasticon Anglicanum, ed. Caley, Ellis, and Baudinell. 

Afun. Gild,] Munimenta Gildhaliae Londoniensis, ed. H. T. Riley. 
(Rolls Ser. The Lider Aldus with Appendices is contained in vols. 1 
and III, the Li^ Custumarum in vol. II, L and iL) 

Nicolas, Lond. Chron.] A Chronicle of London, ed. Sir N. H. Nicolas 
and £. Tyirel, 1827. 

M, and Q.] Notes and Queries. 

Bot. Pari.] Rotuli Pariiamentorum (Rolls of Parliament), 6 vols. 

BememdranaaJ] Index to the Remembranda preserved among the ar- 
chives of the City of London, 1878. 

Trans. Lond. and Midd.] Transactions of the London and Middlesex 
Archaeological Society. 



Supplement to the Notes 



391 



VOLUME I 

1. 3, Geoff. Monmouth, Hist. Britt. 

i. 17 ; l6y id. ib. 
6. 33, Wittekind, Res Gestae Saxoni- 

cae^ i. 8, ap. Migne, Pairologia^ 

cxxxvii. 

7. ^, W. Malmesbury, Gesta Regum^ 
1. 7; 20, Bede, Hist, EccL i. c. 14; 
29, id. Vita Benedicti^ ap. Op. i. 
368, ed. Plummer. 

8. 22, W. Malm. Gesta Regum^ i. 
1879 Asser, 83* Marianus Scotus, 
153, (ed. 1559,) Flor. Wig. L 151 ; 
27, W. Malm. Gesta Regum^ \. 
216; yi^id. 1.243. 

8. 17, Rog. Wendover, ii. 116, M. 
Paris, ii. 587, R. Coggeshall, 171 ; 
22, M. Paris, V. 634 ; 26, Letter- 
Book^ A, 223-4 ; 36, id. D, 244, 

E,63. 

10. 2, CJ^.R. Richd. II, iii. 210; 6, 
Chron. Lond. 187. 

18. 18, id. 258. 

14. 6, Mun. Gild. II. i. 409, Me- 
tnorialsy 43. 

16. 33, Letter-Book^ A, 14. 

17. 18, Maitland, i. 191. 

18. 20, Mun. Gild. II. i. 64-6. 

10. 3, Ann. Mon. iii. 34 ; 29, Letter- 
Book, G, 27 ; 34, id. H, 116, 137. 

20. 3, Memorials, 615; 5, Chron. 
Lond. 187. 

21. 20, W. Malm. Gesta Regum^ 
i. 208; 28, id. i. 216; 34, id. i. 

243- 

22. 4, Ann. Mon. iii. 432 ; 10, id. 

">• 433; 14. Foedera, i. 8; 27, 

Ann. Mon. iii. 435. 
28. II y id. ii. 240. 
24. 10, Walter of Coventry, ii. 205- 

6 ; 31, Ann. Land. 89, Ann. Mon. 

iv. 483 ; 34f C. P. R. Edw. II, iii. 

502, 517. 
26. II, Chron. Lond. 18: 27, id. 

160 ; 32, id. 185. 
27. 16, Lett er- Books yK, 178, C, 71, 

Memorials, 615. 

28. 20^ Letter-Book, C, 217. 

29. I, Letter-Book, H, 2 ; 5, id. H, 
443 ; 28, M. Paris, ii. 587 ; 39, 
Coggeshall, 171. 

80. II, Chron. Land. 185, Arrivall 
of Edward IV^ 33-7 (Camd. 
Soc.). 

81. 31, Mon. Angl. vi. 624 ; 39, id. 
vi. 632. 



82. 3, Mun. Gild. I. 485-8; 25, 

Memorials, 614. 
88. 20, Engl. Hist. Review, xi. 740; 

30, cf. C. P. R. Edw. I, iii. 434. 
86. 5-18, Nova Legenda Angliae, 

i. 395-6, ed. Horstman. 

86. 5, Rot. Clous. 1. 398; 10, M. 
Paris, iv. 30-31. 

87. 2, Gregory Chron. 116; 14, 
Chron. Lond. 97, 134 ;2S,id. 167. 

88. 12, Rog. Wendover, ii. 116, M. 
Paris, ii. 587. 

88. 10, Letter-Book, H, 97 ; 12, £1^ 
H, 208, 213, 292. 

41. 25, Mun. Gild. I. 240. 

42. 27, Chron. Lond. 142 ; 33, id. 
185. 

48. 20, Geoff. Monmouth, Hist. 

Britt. iii. la 
44. II, M. Paris, v. 697. 
46. II, Textus Rqffensis, 212 ; 24, 

W. Malm. Gesta Regum, ii. 375 ; 

30, H. Huntingdon, Hist. Angl. 

230. 

46. 5, Trivet, Annals, i3,cf.Round, 
Geojfrey de Mandeville, II7-18; 
16, Rog. Wendover, i. 190, Gesta 
Henrici II, ii. 106; 24, Letter- 
Book, C, 217 ; 32, C. P. R. Edw. 
Ill, vi. 84. 

47. 7, M. Paris, iii. 532 ; 30, id. iv. 
94, 374, 5io» 603, V. 22, 47, loo, 
128, 367, 409, 568. 

48. 9, Letter-Book, E, 52 ; 20, M. 
Paris, iii. 324 ; 26, Madox, Hist. 
Exchequer, i. 381 ; 31, C.P.R. 
Edw. Ill, V. 302. 

48. 33, M. Paris, ii. 419, 446. 

60. I, Rot. Claus. i. 154 b; 7-10, 

Nicolas, Lond. Chron. 6, 11, 15 ; 

II, M. Paris, iiL 73; 21, Nicolsus, 

Lond. Chron. 16; 35, Flores 

Historiarum, ii. 482. 
6L 6, Ann. Lond. 90; 10, Flor. 

Wig. ii. 241 ; 15, Mun. Gildlh 

i. 371-4; 19, Ann. Paul. 305; 

25, id. 318; 29, id. 3Sa; 33, 

Letter-Book, F, 107. 
68. 9, Nicolas, Lond. Chron. 29, 
64. II, of: C.P.R. Henry VI, iii. 

42 1 ; 24, Madox, Hist. Exchequer, 

i- 290 ; 32, Letter-Book, C, 39, 42 ; 

36, Foedera, iii. 223. 

66. 13, Chron. Lond. 68 ; 17, id. 
73 ; 32, id. 179. 

67. 22, Commines, Memoires, V. 
xviil ; 37, Anom.Chron. 517-18. 



392 



Supplement to the Notes 



68. 13, Ckron. Loud. 73, So; is, 
Amundesham, AnnaUsy L 7 ; 23, 
Chran. Land, 168; ^ id, 182; 
35, id. 188 ; 37, id. 191. 

59. 6, id. 258. 

60. 24» m/I 142; 28, m/: 185; 33, 
Gervase of Tilburyy Oiia Impi^ 
rialiuy ap. Cc^^geshall, 425. 

61. 26, Ann, Land. 15. 

66. 4, Chron, Land 168 ; 5, id, 
173--4 ; 349 More, Life of Richard 
///, 74 (ecL Lumby). 

67. I » C^fvif. Z^im/. 250 ; 4, id. 2591 

68. II, Birch, 3 ; 18, LiUer^Book^ 
C, 71, Co/. Charter Roils^ ii. 211, 
C/'.^. Edw. I, i. 147 ; lO^Leiter- 
Book^ B, 55. 

68. 9, Nova Legenda Angiiae, L 

395-^ ; Jif M. Paris, ii. 53a 
7L 6, Froissart, x. 112, 117, 123-4, 

ed. Luce ; 8, Anom. Chron, 521 ; 

12, Chron, Angiiae, 367, 373; 

26, Mon. An^. vi. 135a 
72. 2I9 M. Pans, ii. ^il. 
78. 19, Mon. Afigi.sx. ti'j'j ; 22, Rot. 

Pari, V. 137. 
7a 4, Co/. Wilis, U. 698-7oa 
77. 38, Fortescue, De Legibus 

Angluu, ch. xlix. 

82. 23, W. Malm. Gesta Pont. 140; 
32, Afun, Gild. II. i. 64-6; 35, 
id. I. 228. 

83. 11,1^^1.319; ^i^ Letter-Books, 
A, 217, H, 352. 

88. 34, Malmesbury, Gesta Ponti- 

ficum^ 169. 
90. 3, M. Paris, V. 638 ; 7, Anglia 

Sacra, i. 12-1 3 ; 36, Hist.Dunelm. 

Scriptores, 128 (Surtees Soc^. 

98. 25, Higden, Polychronicon, ix. 
47; 28, Nicolas, Land Chron, 

91. 

94. 7, M. Paris, v. 367 ; 39, id iii. 

71. 

95. 4, Chron, Lond 164 if. ^a note 

of Stow^s) ; 22, M. Paris, iii. 336. 
97. 5, Nicolas, Lond Chron, 87 ; 

29, Chron, Lond 1561 
88. 10, Hall, 515. 

99. 3, Lydgate, ap. Nicolas, Land, 
Chron, 257; 25, Hall, 588-90; 
31, cf. Freeman, Norman Con- 
quest, iiL 185. 

101. 3» M. Paris, V. 368-9. 

105. 22, Afaierials for History of 

T, Becket, iii. 14-17; 34, Mon. 

Angi. vL 624. 



106. I, M. Paris, iii. 26-9 ; 5, Mon. 
Angl. vi. 622 ; 8, Mun. Gild. II. 
i. 274; IS9 Cat. IVills, l S62 ; 19, 
Archaeofogia,Mi,2Sl; 27, Trans. 
Lond. andMidd iii. 432-47 ; 31, 
Stow, Annates, p. 415, ed. 1605 
(adding something), S. Bentley, 
Westminster Chmiers, 43, 74. 

107. 4, Mon. Angl. vi. 1380; 5, 
Cal. Wills, ii. 180 ; Letter^Book, 
H, 63«., CP.R. Henry VI, ii. 
217 ; II, Chron. Angliae, 19^ ; 21, 
Walsingham, Hist. Angl, \\. 115. 

108. 4, C, P. R. Richd. II, iL 149 ; 
17, Nicolas, Lond. Chron, 93 ; 30, 
Cal. Wills, iL 474; 30, Memo* 
rials, 614. 

109. 20, Cal. Wills, u. 489-92 ; 26, 

id. ii. 577 ; ^9, id. ii. 499 ; 33. id. 
ii. 509-11. 

110. 3, Orridge, Illustrations of 
Jack Cadets Rebellion, 8. 

111. I, Leland, Itinerary, iv. 69- 
70 ; 31, Cal. Wills, ii. 640. 

118. 3, Chron. Lond 226, 234 ; 21, 
id p. xviii. n. 

lia 3, Cal. Wills, ii. 651, 677 ; 8, 
id, iL 668 ; 16, lic^ iL 677, Ino, 
f, m.Lond iL 105 ; 39, Cal, Wills, 
iL 699, Wills from Doctors Com^^ 
mons, 59 (Camden Soc). 

114. 8, Cal. Wills, iL 686 ; 15, ^. iL 

693- 

116. II, Cal. Wills, W, 654. 

117. 5, Chron, Lond, 115. 

119. 20, Rot, Pari, iiL 317-18, 
Letter^Book,U, /^<yj-Z ', 27,Miut- 
land, L 242-7. 

124. 5, Leland, Collectanea, i. 113; 
27, C, P. R. Edw. Ill, viiL 484, 
56a 

125. 2, M^ ix. 488 ; 16, cf. Statutes 
at Large, iL 682 (on Queen's 
Storehouse of Minories); 38, 
Mon. Angl, vi. 1553. 

ISO. 36, Lehmd, Collectanea, i. 1 10 ; 

39, C. P, R. Edw. IV, L 428. 
182. 38, Rot. Pari. iv. 69. 
18a 12, Chron. Lond 161. 
185. 23, CP.R. Richd. II, iL 149. 
187. 33, Cal. Inq. p. m. iv. 283. 
1S9. 34, Letter^ Book, €,219. 

146. 39, C. P, R, Edw. IV, C 297. 

147. 16, C.P. R. Edw. Ill, vL 115. 
149. 12, Cal, Inq. p. m. iv. 267 ; 

34, (icil L 87 ; 36, £(/. iii. 61. 
15L 9, cf. Inq, p, m, Lond. iii. 224. 



Supplement to the Notes 



393 



162. 17, Chron. Land, 161. 

163. 18, Maitland, i. 191. 

166. 4, Birch, 85, C. P. R. Edw. IV, 
i. 385 ; 18, iV/. L 516 ; 33, Arnold, 
Customs of Londofiy 82-4. 

lea 21, Letter-Book^ G, 284. 

164. 29, Mon. Angi, vL 622 ; Le- 
land, Collectaneay i. 113. 

166. 23, Mon. AngL vi. 625. 

167. 14, Col. Wills, ii. 313. 

168. 8, Walsingham, Hist. AngL 
ii. 227 ; 10, Orridge, Illustrations 
of Jack Cadets Rebelliony 8. 

178. iiyC.P.R. Henry IV, ii. 54. 
176. 13, id. Edw. IV, lii. 41. 

180. 4, id. Henry VI, iiL 244. 

181. 7» id Henry IV, iii. 56, Clode, 
, Memorials 0/ the Merchant Tay- 
lors ^ 102. 

182. II, id. 96-7 ; 18, id. 194-8. 
184. 13, Mon. Angl. vi. 1359; 31, 

Chron. Lond. 226. 
186. 3, Cal. Wills, ii. 296; 16, 

Chron. Lond. p. xviii. 
180. i,Mun. Gild. II. i. 213; 25, 

Walsingham, Hist. Angl. ii. 65. 
102. 20, Cal. Wills, iL 635. 
108. 35, i9/i/if. Gild. II. i. 86-8. 
100. g^LydgBtt,LondonLickpenny, 

ap. Nicolas, Z^ifi/. Chron. 264 ; 

35, M. Paris, Historia Anglorum, 

ii. 350* 
201. 21, C.P.R. Edw. IV, ii. 424. 

206. 25, ii/i^». c;i;&/. I. 237-8. 

218. 7, il/i«f. G^i/ti I. 247; 36, 

C.P.R. Edw. I, ii. 306, 377. 
214. iz, Letter-Book, H, 176; 18, 

Rot. Pari. iii. 143. 
216. 4, Walsingham, Hist. AngL 

ii. no, 116, Chron. Angliae, 300, 

Higden, Polychronicon, ix. 46; 

18, C.P.R. Richd. II, iv. 296, 

311, Rot. Pari. iii. 282, 292, 

Letter-Book, H, 359, 370. 
218. 12, Letter-Book, G, 26 J. 
210. 20, Cal. Inq. p. m. iii. 1 59 ; 

35, Walsingham, Hist. Angl. ii. 

9-14 ; Knighton, ii. 137-8, Anom. 

Chron. 519-20. 
220. 28, Leland, Collectanea, i. 

no, Mon. Angl. vi. 138a 
22a 13, C. P. R. Edw. Ill, vi. 489 ; 

Leland, Collectanea, i. iia 
226. 32, C.P.R. Edw. I, ii, 23; 

34, id. Edw. II, iv. 425. 
220. I, Cal. Wills, ii. 385-6. 
280. 17, C. P. R. Edw. IV, i. 237 ; 



25, id. Edw. Ill, i. 34, cf. id. 
Henry VI, iii. 190-1. 
281. 20, Mon. AngL vi. 172. 

286. 31, Cal. Inq. p. m. iii. 211. 

287. 22, C. P. R. Edw. IV, ii. 236. 

288. 21, Letter-Book, C, 75> 80; 
Delpit, Collection, &c xxxiii, Ixx, 
Ixxix 

240. 30, C. P. R. Edw. II, iii. 355, 
Edw. Ill, iii. 120; 31, Letter- 
Book, G, 4; 36, Amundesham, 
Annates, i. 18, Chron. Lond. 273. 

242. 2, C. P. R. Henry VI, iii. 80 ; 
38, Memorials, 578. 

248. 2, C. P.R. Henry VI, i. 259; 
4, id. ii. 314-17. 

244. 2, Froissart, x. 112, ed. Luce ; 
12, Anom. Chron. S2i ; 37, Chron. 
Angliae, 367, 373* 

246. 9, Cat. Wills, ii. 76; 3i, 
Memorials, 568-70. 

246. 18, Watney, Account of St. 
Thomas Aeon, 38a 

247. 6, Chron. Angliae, 123-4 ; 36, 
C.P.R* Edw. IV, i. 433-4f ^ot. 
Pari. v. 625. 

261. 37, C. P. R. Edw. Ill, ix. 

343. 
268. 8, Cal. Wills, i. 338, C.P.R. 

Henry IV, iiL 159. 
264. II, W. Malm. Gesta Regum, 

ii. 375 ; 30, Hoveden, iv. 6, K. de 

Diceto, ii. 143 ; 35, Ann. Lond. 

81 ; 37, id. 93, Nicolas, Lond. 

Chron. 31. 
266. 30, Cal. Wills, ii. 578 ; i\,id. 

iL 583. 
268. 10, Letter-Book, A, 331 ; 15, 

id. £, 134. 

261. 33, Hall, 824. 

262. 17, Milboum, Hist. S. Mil- 
dreds, 12. 

26a 38, C. P. R. Henry VI, iL 78 ; 
33, Cal. Wills, ii. 474. 

264. 13, C. P. R. Hennr IV, i. 284, 
Milboum, Hist. S. Mildred's, 39, 
46-8. 

266. 1% Ann. Lond. 102; 21, Ann. 
Paul. 316-1 7 ; 28, Three Fifteenth- 
Century Chronicles, 52 (Camden 
Soc.) ; 30, Chron. Land. 161 ; 31, 
id. 176. 

266. 7, Ann. Paulini, 354, G. le 
Baker, Chron. 48 ; 8, Maitland, 
i. 191. 

267. 29, Higden, Polychronicon, 
viii. 32a 



394 



Supplement to the Notes 



260. 6, C.P.R. Edw. Ill, v. I2, 
Mon. AngL vi. 646. 

270. 5, C.F.R. Richd. II, v. 425 ; 
18, id. Henry VI, i. 380. 

271. 10, Cal. JViUs, ii. 564, 578 ; 
28, Fabyan, 576, Nicolas, Limd. 
Chron, 93 : 30, Memorials, 5891 

278. 21, C.P.R. Edw. Ill, ix. 478, 
Memorials ^ a9l^y Leiter'BockSy G, 
67, H, 178, 339; 28, Cal. Inq. 
p. m, ill. 194. 

274, 3, Cal. Wilis, iL 477. 

277. 16, Lib. de Ant. l^Z^^ 62, 
Flores Historiarumy iu4^; 21, 
M. Paris, V. 612. 

278. 37, Gesta Ricardi /, ii. 83. 
270. 13, M. Paris, ii. $28; 25, Cog- 

geshall, 171. 

280. 18, M. Paris, iii. 262 ; 21, id. 
iii. 305 ; 25, id. iv. 260 ; 27. id. v. 
136 ; 32» id. V. 516. 

281. 3, Flor. Wig. ii. 214 ; 7, id. ii. 
221, Ann. Land. 88 ; 13, Peck- 
ham, Registrum, L 2 1 3 ; 16,^ nn. 
Land. 96; 19, m/. 99, Flor. Wig. 
ii. 243 ; 30, C. P. R. Edw. II, iv. 
302. 

286. 13, M. Paris, ii. 442; 18, 
C.P.R. Henry III, i. 155; 21, 
id. Richd. II, i. 452, Letter^Book, 
H,94, 151. 

288. 18, Cal. Inq. p. m. iii. 195 ; 

33, Memorials, 550, Letter-Book^ 
H. 449. 

203. 19, Cal. Wiiis, ii. 509-11. 

204. 8, id. i. 362, 562, Mon. Angl. 
vi. 703-4 ; 9, Cal. Wills, \. 637. 

206. 3, Ina. p. m. Lond. iii. 203 ; 
15, Cal. Wills, ii. 640. 

207. 16, C.P.R. Henry VI, iii. 
142 ; 17, id Edw. IV, iii. 168 ; 

34, id. Richd. II, v. 171, Cal. 
Inq. p. m. iii. 166. 

800. 27, Leland, Collectanea, i. 1 1 1 . 

801. 9, id. ib. i. I14 ; 14, C.P.R. 
Richd. II, iv. 458 ; 30, Hoveden, 
ii. 137. 

806. 10, Cal. Wills, i. 154, ii. 621 ; 
12, id. ii. 283. 

806. 22, C.P. R. Richd. II, v. 219. 

808. 20. id. Edw. IV, iii. 318 ; 28, 
Leland, Collectanea, i, 11 1 ; ^2, 
id. ib»; 38, Cal, Inq. p. m. iii. 
211. 

810. II, Maitland, ii. 1319; 25, 
Rot. Pari. iii. 317-18, Letter- 
Book, H, 407. 



816. 35, C. P. R. Edw. IV, i. 109. 

816. 7, Leland, Collectanea^ 1. 112; 
8, C. P. R. Edw. Ill, v. 145 ; 12, 
Memorials, 553, Letter-Book^ F, 
180. 

817. I, Memorials, 357, Letter^ 
Book, H, 372, 375-6 ; 7, Monu- 
ment a Franciscana, i. 493; 13, 
id. i. 494 ; 16-22, m/1 I 508 ; 23- 
39, id. i. 513-15- 

818. 1-12, id. i. 518 ; 17, id. i. 509; 
18, id L 518. 

810. 26, cf. Wriothesley, Chron. ii. 

80,82. 
828. 7, C. P. R. Henry III, i. 366 ; 

30, Mun. Gild. II. i. 338-44. 
826. 2, Nova Legenda Angliae, \. 

395-6 ; 23-35, ^^^* ^^' ^^' »• 

338-44. 

826. 10, Ann. Lond. 232; Ann. 

Paul. 276; 16, id. 274; 22, 
Chron. Lond. 156. 

827. 20, Sparrow-Simpson, Reg. 
Statutorum S. Pauli^ 326-9. 

820. 13, Leland, G'^.f^/^i^a, 1.1 II; 
30, Letter-Book, C, 6> Hist. MSS. 
CotHfn. 9th Rep. 50 ; 37, C. P. R. 
Henry VI, ii. 56-7. 

880. 32, Monumenta Franciscana, 
ii. 235, cf. Wriothesley, Chron. ii. 

67. 

881. 15, Lib. de Ant. Legg. 53. 
888. 27, Letter-Book, A, 213-14. 
880. 32, i^. C, 71. 

840. 3, Chron. Lond. 158, Rot. 

Pari. v. 171 ; 5, Hall, 640; 6> id. 

652 ; 16, id. 756 ; 23, id. 760, 764. 
842. 5, Memorials, 521. 
844. 19, Mun. Gild. I. 356-8, II. 

i. 104. 
861. 27, cf. C P. R. Henry VI, iii. 

308, Memorials, 571 ; 33, Rot. 

Pari. v. 566, Gregory Chron.^ 

238. 



VOLUME II 

2. 21, Cal. Wais, i. 328, 573- 

8. 4, C. P. R. Edw. Ill, ix. 239-40. 

4. II, Cal. WiUs, ii. 663. 

6. 8, C P. ^. Richd. II, iii. 479, 
492 ; 28, Cal. Wills, ii. 418. 

7. 14, Mun. Gild. III. 445--9. 

8. 3, id. II. i. 46-7; 36, Fabyan, 
336 ; 39, Mun. Gild. 1. 241-3, II. 

1.379- 



Supplement to the Notes 



395 



9. 21, LetieT'Books, C, 65-6, E, 
75, C. P. R. Edw. II, i. 187, Edw. 
Ill, i. 560. 

10. 36, CaL Inq. p. m, i. 38. 

11. 5, Cal. Charter Rolls^ ii. 16 ; 8, 
Cal. Ing. p. tn, iv. 145. 

14. 3, C. P. R. Henry VI, iii. 522 ; 

6, Rot. Chart, 2; 21, See i. 64, 

above ; 35, Letter^Book^ A, 222. 
16. I, Rot. Pari. i. 20a 
16. 23, Inq.p. m. Land. iiL 147. 
19. l6fFoxtf Acts ami MonumentSf 

vol. viii ; 32, Hist. AfSS. Comm. 

9th. Rep. 12. 
20. 28, Rot.Pari.\u.si7'iS, Letter- 

Book, H, 407. 

26. 33, M. Paris, v. 121-4. 

27. 3, Hall, 675. 

29. 26, Fabyan, 467; 31, Chron. 
Angliae^ 51 ; 38, Nicolas, Land. 
Chron. 7a 

30. 5, id. y6\ 11, Froissart, xiv. 
258-61, ed. Kervyn de Letten- 
hove. See also Higden, Poiy» 
chronicoriy ix. 241, and Letter* 
Book, H, 353* 

31. 19, Nicolas, Land. Chron. 91, 
22, id. ib. Lelandy Collectanea, \. 
486; 31, Gregorys Chron. 171, 
C. P. R. Henry VI, ii. 38. 

32. I, Chron. Land. 150; 15, 
Fabyan, 618 ; 25, Chron. Lotid. 
156-7; 31, id. 179, Bentley, Ex- 
cerpt a Historica, 176-222. 

36. 24, C. P. R. Edw. Ill, iii. 94, 
107. 

36. 2, Gregory Chron. 222-3. 

37. 22, Cm. Inq.p. m. iii. 48. 

38. 8, Anc. Deeds, B, 2135-62. 

39. 33, Cal. Ing. p. m. iv. 261. 

40. 25, Madox, Hist. Exchequer, 
i. 514 ; 29, Rot. Liit. Pat. L 5; 
35, Harley MS. 540, ff. 68-9, see 
vol. i. p. Ixxxix. 

41. 31, Cal. Wills, ii. 429; 32, id. 
i. 221, 503, 515, ii. 406, 519. 

42. 6, C.P.R. Edw. II, i. 211 ; 24, 
Cal. Charter Rolls, i. 143, Mon. 
Angl. vi. 683. 

43. 8, cf. C. P.R. Henry VI, iii. 157. 

44. 6, Hall, 640 ; ll, uiL 703 ; 25, 

id. 753-5- 
46. 8, Leland, Collectanea, 1. 108 ; 

17, Chron. Lond. 64-5. 

48. 29, M. Paris, iii.4329 cf. C.P.R. 

Henry IIL iiL 3. c* 

1 Iff. VI. 



40.17- 



o«» vi,476; 



24, Ann. Mon. iii. 222; 32, Flores 
Historiarum, iii. 331-4. 

60. 21, Cal. Close Rolls, Edw. II, 
i. 532, Letter^Book, £, 255 ; 31, 
Baylis, Temple Church, 56-7. 

61. 16, Anom. Chron. 515. 
66. 10, id. 514. 

66. 25, Mon. Angl. vi. 1 71; 37, 
Ann. Mon. iii. 43a 

67. 5, Mon. Angl. vi. 172; 10, 
Ann. Mon. iii. 451. 

68. 23, Letters and Papers, xv. 

498 (iii). 

60. 28, Flores Historiarum, iii. 

104; Hemingburgh, ii. 232; 31, 
Knighton, ii. 235 ; 38, id. ii. 321. 

61. 7, Chron. Angliae^ 122 ; lZ,id. 
138; 36, Anom. Chron. 518. 

62. 3-7, C. P. R. Edw. IV, ii. 85 ; 
8, Holinshed, iii. 532. 

63. 5, Leland, Collectanea, i. 113. 

64. 9, Gent. Mag. Libr. xv. 182-9 ; 
26, iMter-Book, E, 243; 34, 
Thome ap. Twysden, Scriptores 
Decern, 1932. 

66. 18, Letters and Papers, xv. 942 

(36). 
W. 24, Ann. Mon, iii. 425 ; 25, id. 
iii. 427 ; 31, ft/, iii. 428 ; 3^, id. ib. 

67. I, id. iii. 433; t^ id. iii. 442; 
8, id. iii. 478; 13, id. Iii. 480; 
16, id, iii. 483 ; 19, id. iii. 485. 

68. II, Mun. Gild. II. ii. 435, 
C.P.R. Edw. Ill, i. 36; 14, id. 
\. yjT, Letter^Book, F, 37-8 ; 16, 
Mun.Gildl.l69, II. ii AZZyC.PJi. 
Henry IV, iii. 207 ; 17, Birch, 80, 
Maitland, i. 202 ; 18, pi. i. 242-7. 

70. 30, Mun. Gild. I. 136, II. i. 44. 

71. 14, Cal. Ing. p. m. iii. 165 ; 26, 
Chron. Lond. 147, 153, Three 
Fifteenth Century Chronicles, 63. 

72. 32, Chron. Land. 132. 

73. 26, Mon. Angl. iv. 391 ; 28, cf. 
Machyn, Diary, 215. 

76. II, Kngl. Hist. Review, xi.T^\ 
24, Letter^Book, E, 165; 25, 
Memorials, 614; 34, Chron, 
Lond 187. 

78. 33, Liber S. Barthdomei, cap. 
xxii. 

80. 25, Leland, Collectanea, i. 113. 

81. 9, Bearcroft, Historical Account 
of Charterhouse, 167-73, Cal. 
Wills, ii. 62; 20, G. le Baker, 
Chron. ^ 

82. 17, Mon. Angl, vi. 9. 



596 



Supplefnent to the Notes 



88. i8, C.P. R. Henry VI, ii. 105. 
84. 14, Aftom, Chran. 516. 
86. 32, Mon. AngL iv. 81. 
88. 8, Holinshed, iv. 365 ; 18, Co/. 

Charter Rolls ^ i« S^t ^^* ^^<f^ 

Rolls^ 1327-30, p. 21, cf. Lib.de 

Ant, Leg^, 5. 
88. 5, M. Pans, iv. 243 ; 18. id. v. 

127; 28, C.P.R. Edw. 1. 1. 147. 

90. 3, M. Paris, iv. 287; 13, CtU. 
Wills, i. 218 If. ; 32, Leland, Col- 
lectanea^ i. 1 1 2, a. C.P.R. Edw. 
IV, i. 136. 

91. 35, Col. Charter Rolls^ i. 292. 
98. 2, C.P.R. Edward II, i. 286; 

24, Flores Histariarum^ iii. 87 ; 

33, Cat. Charter RollSy L 292. 
94. 21, Knighton, ii. 118; 25, id. 

ii. 134- 
96. I, Anom. Chron. 515. 
96. 2, C.P. R. Richd. II, ii. 476. 

98. 2, Roper, Life of More^ 3, ed. 
Heame; 32, C.P.R. Richd. II, 
i. 78 ; 37, Hall, 816. 

99. 9, Hist, Dunelm. ScriptoreSy 
138 (Surtees Soc.). 

100. 31, Leland, Collectanea^ i. 1 13. 

101. 3, id. ib. i. 1 1 1 ; 9, Col. 
Charter Rolls^ i. 269; 15, id. 

"• 353. 

102. 7, Nichols. Progresses of 

Queen Elizabeth, iii. 45. 
108. I, Rot, Pari, iL 253; 3, 

Statutes at Large, i. 275-84 ; 14, 

Avesbury, 431 ; 23, Rot. Pari. 

ii. 268-9; 37, id. ii. 301, Hall, 

Hist. Custont'Revenue, i. 223. 
104. II, Foederay iii. 1068; 19, 

Rot, Pari. iii. 279, 368. 
106. 13, Walsingham, Hist. Angl. 

i. 114. 
106. 9, S. Bcntley, Westminster 

Charters, 42 ; 14, M. Paris, iii. 59; 

17, id. iv. 427 ; 20, id. v. 29, 49; 

31, Flores Historiarum, iii. 104. 
112. 1 5, Statutes at Large, ii. 281 ; 

17, Bcntley, Westminster Char* 

ters, 42 ; 37, Gale, Scriptores, i. 62. 
118. 7, M. Paris, ii. no; 20, Ma- 

teriaJs for Hist, of T. Becket, iii. 

19 ; yj^ M. Paris, iii. 470; 39, id. 

iv. 83. 
114. 5, id, iv. 177; 6, id. iv. 263; 

12, lAb. de Ant. Legg. 23 ; 25, 

Flores Historiarum^ m. 17, 19; 

27, id. iii. 18, Flor. Wig. ii. 203; 

34, M. Paris, iii. 339. 



116. 3, id. iv. 230 ; 7, Flores His* 
t&riarum^ iii. 104; 12, Flares 
Historiarum, iii. 115*7; Ann. 
Land. 132; 20^ Trolcelowcy An* 
nals, ^; Walsingham, Hist. 
Angl. I. 149. 

117. 10, Fita Ricardi If, I31-3, 
ed, Heame; 22, Rot, Pari. iii. 

4x5* 
120. II, Rot. Chartarumf i6l. 

122. 27, Maitland, iu 1311. 

128. 32, M. Paris, v. 575. 

124. II, Statutes at Large, ii. 

645-7> 37 Elw. c. 13 ; 30, Gftle, 

Scr^ores, iii. 292-3. 
126. 13, Mun. Gild. II, ii. 630-2 ; 

Bede, Hist. Eccl. i. 4. 
126. 25, Labb^, Concilia, ii. 476; 

33, Bede, Hist. Eccl. i. 23. 
128. 6, Flares Historiarum, L 331 ; 

22, Hoveden, i. 6 ; 29, ft^ i. 18 ; 

38, Gale, Scriptores, i. 15. 
180. 5, M. Paris, ii. 134 ; 38, Cog- 

geshall, 188. 
18L 2, id. ib. M. Paris, iii. 66 ; 17, 

id. hi. 193 ; 36, id. iii. 331. 
182. 14, Flor. Wig. iL 189; 16, id. 

ii. 190; 2lf id. ib.; 23,^ii. 212; 

26, id. ib.; 28, id. iu 223; 30, 

Iutter»Book, C, 4, Memorials, 28. 
188. 25, Marimouth, Cont. 195 

(EngL Hist. Soc). 
184. 17, Mon. Angl. vi. 704. 
146. 22, Hoveden, iv. 135-6 ; 36, 

Memorials, 230, Letter^Book, 

F, 138. 

146. i6,c£.Letter'Boois,G, 27-31 f 
H, 343 ; ^Sf Memorials, 384. 

147. 10, Asser, 83, Flor. Wig. i. 
151, Marianus Scotus, 154 ; 20, 
Fabyan, 293. 

160. 23, Mun. Gild. II. i. 249, 
Buxh, 13-15. 

161. 7, Mon, Angl, vi. 624. 

168. I, Mun. Gild. 1. 136; 23, id. 

II. i. 44, Birch, 26, 28-31. 
164. 23, Monument a Franciscana^ 

ii. 18. 
166. 22, Mon. Angl. vi. 622; 23, 

Mun. Gild. I. 136, Birch, 32. 

166. 13, id. 34. 

167. 17, Lib. de Ant. Le^. 56; 
24, id. 78-9, Flor. Wig. ii. 195. 

168. 6, Ann. Land. 81 ; 8, Lib. de 
Ant. Legg. 9a 

169. 8, Ann. Lond. ^%. 

160. 7, Mun. Gild. II. i. 328-9. 



■ 102. 19, Letter-Books, D. 244, E. 
I 63: 24, id. D, 3S2; 31, Alun. 

Gild. II. ii.678. 
leS, 3, Gregory CkroH. 75, Nicolas, 

Lend. Cnron. 45 ; 30, ;)/»». Gild. 

II. i. 371-4; 1%, Letter- Book, ^^ 

179-80. 
164. \,Antt.PauLl\(>-V}\^,Mun. 

Gild. n. il 438-44. Birch, 53-9; 

Ann. Paul. 325-31 ; 25, G. le 

Baiter, CMron. 4S ; 33, Afon. 

Angl. vl 703-4. 
166. i,C.P.R. Edw. Ill, 

9, Col. Willi, i. 674; 23, Letter- 
Book, F. 83. 

186. I&. Afemorials,^7 ; 32,BenI- 
ley, IVestminster Charters, 43. 

187. 34, Cal. tVills, ii. 180, Letter- 
Book, H, 63 n, C.P./f. Heniy 
VI, ii. 217. 

168. II, CkroH. Atigtiae, 123; 12, 
Letter-Book, H, 38, 60; 19, 
Chron. Angliae, 199; 33, Cal. 
WiV/j, ii. 275-6; yi,Mon, Angl. 
vi. 1380. 

169. 3, CAron. Angliae, 360; 8, 
C./'.A RichA II, ii. 149; 13, 
Ckron.Angliaet^yo; 24,NicDlas, 
Land. Chron. 79; 28, Walsing- 
ham, Hitt. An^l. ii. 208, Utter- 
Book, H. p. liii, 379-81 ; 33, id. 
407, Rot. Pari. iii. 317-18. 



Supplement to the Notes 



170. 28, Chron. Lend. 64 ; Gregory 
Chron. 104; 32, WaJsingham, 
Hist. Angl. il 276. 

171. 7, Nicolas, Land. Chron. 91 ; 
12, id. 03 ; 3S,Afemorials,Sl3~i4. 

172. 3, Letter-Book, H, 439; 20, 
SeeNoteonp.3i5above; 26, See 
Note on p. 377 above; 35, See 
Note on pp. 309-10 above. 

17& 14, Cal. Wills, ii. 499; 30, 
Fabyan, 612, cf. C. P. R. Henry 



J, Chron. Lond. 1^6; 34, Chr 
Lond. i64«. 
176. 3, »V/. 164; \o,id. 166. 

176. 5, Fabyan, 656; 13, Chron. 
Lond. 182; 17, id. 185; 33, 
Fabyan, 663, 

177. 8, Chron. Lond. 187: U, tV('. 
I*.; 16, (V/. 188. 

178. 2, irf. 193 ; 29, id. I', 
17B. 3, id. 215; 6, (</. 224; 31, /(/. 




GLOSSARY 



ftbaahed, ftfraid : * the Qaeene remayned 

right sore abashed/ i. 244. 
ftbbeyes, abbess, i. ia6. 
ABO or ftbsej; primer,, hornbook 

{M£,D^ qnoting Shaks. A". /oAn, 

I. i. 196), ii. 256. 
Abiding houatt : ' this was the Abbot's 

abiding house when he came to 

London/ it 16. 
ftbotmdanoey abundance: 'Hepronided 

from beyond the teas Come in great 

abonndance, so that the Citie was able 

to serue the conntrie/ ii. 169. 
ftbatinencio, i. 83. 
ftbnm, anboxn : * the hair of his head 

abum/ ii. 57. 
ftohates (oatea). provisions» i. 350 ; Hi* 

* things purchased.* 
acquit : ' The Queene was to acquite 

her Church therof/ i. 139. Cf. i. 199. 
AotioitieB, acrobatic performances, 

Comedies, &c, ii. 369. 
— to show, i. 245. 
adhorting, i. 4. 
adiodgedy sentenced, L 51. 
adoanture, v., venture, 1. loo. 
adaertised : * whereof when the Earle 

was aduertized/ i. 67. 
aduouterie, adultery, i. 189. 
adTOwaion, advowson, i. 131. Lat. 

adwcationem, Cf. Aitotion. 
alterolappes, later surprises; i.e. un> 

welcome contingencies in the shape 

of expense of upkeep, t 142. 
against, again, it 196. 
agaat, /. ppU, ; also agaated, i. 97. 
alablaater, i. 330. 
alaj, alloy, i. 55. 
aldarmanry, ward, i. 117; office of 

alderman, i. 310-11. 
ala-connen, •connera, ' examiners or 

inspectors of ale ; earliest known use 

in Liber Albus' {N,E.D.\ ii. 97. 
Alhallon Ihre, All Sahits' Eve (Oct. 

30» i. 97. 
allajed (of coins), i. 55. 

of alliance to, related to, i. 36. 

Almainc, Hannce of, i 136. See 

Name in Index III. 



almaina rivcta, L loa; *a kind of 
light armour, first used in Germany, 
in which great flexibility was obtained 
by overlapping plates sliding on 
rivets' {NmJD.). 

▲Imexic : ' the Almerie, or house of 
Almes for ccnuarts and poore cbilr 
dren/ ii. 63. 

almaachonaca, i. 299, 302. 

ambcrgria^ amber, i. 80. 

amblers, i. So ; trotters, ih. 

amcToe, v, a,, U. 7. 

ameroiainenti, fines, ii. 1 19 ; amerge^ 
menta, i. 271. 

ancrlit ankeress, i. 164. 

angeleta (vii . viii^.), half angela, and 
DarUiinga (vx. vi^.) coined, 1465, i. 
56. 

angell noblCf the, sixth part of an 
ounce troy, i. 56. 

annoyancee^ nuisances, ii. 124. 

annoyed) injured, 1. 1^, 

'Anthonie piggea' and 'pigeona of 
Faolea* (schoolboy amenities), i. 75. 
See i. 184 and note on p. 301 ; and 
Halliwell. ' St Anthonie was always 
figured with a pig following him* 
(Stow). 

Apemes of Mayle, i. 103. 

appeadxed, impeached, accused, i. 100. 

appeached of treason, ii. 75. 

appellators, i. 189. See Articu/i Cleri 
AngluamoblatiEdw, 2 Region, 1316 
cap, 10 : Placet etiam Domino Hegi 
ut LcUrotus et AppellcUores^ quan£h 
cumqne voluerint^possifU sacerdotibus 
suafacinora confiteri, 

appendant* adj,^ vnto the said soken , 
i. 64. 

appoeera and answerers, i. 74. 

apprehend, arrest, ii. 49. 

appnrtenancea, i. 65. 

— of a manor, i. 153 and passim, 

— * the manor of Charlton, with the 
appurtenances/ ii. 66. 

Arohea, Court of the, L 254. 

'Archers in coats of white fustian, 
signed on the breast and back with 
the armes of the Cittie/ i. 102. 

argent* Easterling money so called, 
i. 52« 



STOW, tt 



Glossary 



399 



ariatooritie, the, aristocracy, ii. 199. 

armora, armament, i. 158. 

armonr, teti of arms, i. 107. 

arriae, v.m., to come to shore, i. 6. 

arrowa : atandard, broad arrow* and 
flight ; ' broad arroWy an arrow with 
a broad head for deaving ; flight* a 
long and well-feathered arrow for 
long-distance shooting '([A^ig.Z?.). QL 
* a good flight shoot, ii. 74. 

artifloial, skufnlly conttmcted, i. 18. 

aaoendinga vp, staircases, ii. 118. 

aaaay, v., essay, i. 100. 

aaaeaae, subs., assessment, it 3i$. 

asaiao, law fixing the price of bread, 
meat, &c. The regnlation or assess- 
ment of the weight or piioe of bread, 
&c. The ordinance in which such 
regnlation is embodied. Cf. ' Assize 
of weights and measures,* ii. 97. 

— inchea of* i. 162. 

— parobea of, i. 10. 

— tailor'a yarda of* i. loa. 

aaaiae of bread, the, ii. 156. See 

Index in. 
aaaurance* to take of, i. 9. 
attaint, /./., attainted, ii. 76. 
Anerell, April, i. 157. 
auoid, V.M., depart, ii. 363; 'that all 

leprose persons should anold ¥rithin 

15 daies.* Cf. ii. 146, and 'anoyd 

dyvel/ Introduction^ p. liii. 

— f.tf., ib,y remove from ; 'all leprose 
persons to be voided the dtie & sub- 
urbs.' QL i. 314, 'which {charge) 
the Chancellor by oath 00 the Saora* 
ment auoideth.* 

auotion, advowson, i. 131 ; also avtwt- 
son, Cf. Advcwsion. 



baokayde, ii. 369. 

banck[itlliig {Stow*8 error) on the 
Riuer Thames, standing on bank of, 
i. 68,336; ii. 13. 

banketting, banqueting, ii. 131, 

* Banqueting honaea, like Banoue- 
routes, bearing great show and little 
worth,* ii. 78 fnarg, 

Bannerer of London, chie( L 63. 

barbican, i. 70, 303 ; < an outer fortifica- 
tion or defence to a dty or castle ; of 
uncertain origin^perhapa from Arabic 
or Persian* (A^.iS^Z>.). 

baronry of Little Dunmow, the, L 61. 

barona (freemen), Londoners so called, 
1*949 315* 339* Cf. the Barons of the 
Cinque Ports, and see N*EJ)> 

barrea, the, ' a maifce shewing how 



farre the liberties of the Citie do ex* 
tend,* i. 137. 

baaelwd, a sort of cl*^ur, fngU, 
(Stratmann), i. 319* "^e Mayor 
having recdved his stroke, drew his 
basiliiud {dagger, sica or *pHgioi 
^iraha sa dasilardg,* Anom. Cluon* 
530), and grievously wounded fVat* 

baiaona, an offender rung with ■■ * rough 
music,* i. 190-1. 

Baaaenet* a light hdmet, worn some- 
times with a movable front (Halli* 
well) : <The Maior had on his head 
a Baaonet** i. 319. 

baaton, dub, bat. 'The scholars of 
every school have their ball, or 
baston, in their hands,* i. 93« Cf* 
Swift*8 ' hugeous battooos' (/. to 5.). 

battailea, baSalions, i. 103. 

battle, a light river boat, i. 306 ; dimin^ 
of Fr. bSteau. 

Bawdrike, a, of gold about his {the 
Mayor's) necke trillmg {trailing) 
down behind him, ii. 193. 

bayled, having a half-hoop to aupport 
tiie cover of a wagon, &c., ii. 83 (of 
the Fraerie Cart). 

Baylle,the 01d,ii. 38, from lALbaUmm 
or baOium, The Old Bailey waa so 
called from the ancient batUy or bai* 
/turn of the dty wall between Lod- 
gate and Newgate. CI Stow on ' Old 
iiayly,' iL 37, and note on p. 363. 

Baylywioke, Bailiff-wick, ii. 146. 
' BaiUo, baiUie (Lat. baHwa), baiU- 
wiok, the limit of the authority of 
a sheriff, bailiff, or other ofhcer' 
(NichoU* BrittOH, Glossary). 

beam, the oommon, i. 156; supporta* 
tion and charges of, ib, ; fiumer of 
it, $b» ^The Common or King^s 
Boom was the public standard balance 
formerly in the custody of the Grocers 
Qom^uky' {N.EJ).). See Index III. 

beanie«li|^t and lamp, i. 371. 

beaata of venery, of the chase, i. 306. 

beautify, i 103, 306 : a word hated of 
Shakespeare: 'the most beantified 
Ophdia' ; * that*8 an ill phrase, a vile 
phrase; "beautified** b a vile phrase* 
{/famUt, 11, ii. no). 

became, came, L 1 19. 

bedred, bedridden, i, 138. 

belike, possibly, iL 49. 

bell : 'That fiure steeple hath but one 
bell, as Friers were wont to use,' 

i. 303. 

benefloially» i. 43. 

benerolMioe : ' The dtisens gave first 
a great benevolenoey and after that tiie 
fitteenes to be speedily paid,' 1. 333. 



40P 



Glossary 



bM«6oh«ri, petitioners, i. 159. 
bottow much, spend much, i. 80. 
liMtowing, contributing, i. loi. 
b6t» pnt, of beat, IntrotL p. Ut ; i. 279. 
b«wold, wield : * no man can beweld 

it <Genurd*s staff),' ii. 353. 
iMwrsy, to betray, i. a6o. 
bin, been, it 70 and passim, 
Biaoay, Bay of, salt from, ii 10 ; see 

N,E,D.i and Kingsford, Chrmticles 

of l^ndon^ Glossary, s,v, * baysalt* 
Biahopfl* ftlms diahas giren to the 

poor, i. 89, 91. 
biaket, to seme H.M. Shippes, i. 135. 
BUoke Parliament^ i. 340. 
^Uanoh Charters, Le. dUutJk, i. 26$. 
blank! (coining term) : * round plates, 

called blanks, delinntd by weight,' i. 

53. 

blowed : * the Keeper Uowed the death 
of the Bucke, and then the homers 
presently answered him/ L 334. Cf. 
Madden's Diary of Master Siknce 
(ed. 1907), pp. 49, 57. 

b61ion« bullion, i. 54. 

boltaa moolea, and putting of cases, 
i 78 ; ' readinges, meetings, boltinges, 
and other learned exercises,* f^., 1. 16. 
See note on p. a8i. 

boneilera: ' called as well of good amitie 
amoogest nei^bours, as also for the 
▼irtue that a great fire hath to purge 
the infection of the ayre,' i. loi. 
The obvious derivation (jione-fire) is 
now generally accepted. 

Books in use formerly sold by Stationers 
in Paternoster Row : viz. A.B,C, with 
Paternoster^ Aue, Creede, Graces^ 
&c 

boorde» began the, i. 36. Cf. Chaucer, 
ed. SIceat, vol. ▼, Notes to C. 7*., 
The Knight, p. 6, <had been placed 
at the head of the dais, or table of 
state.' 

boase, a head or reservoir of water, i. 
308 and /axffim. 

bottelers, butlers, i. 95. 

Bouoha of Oonrt, ii. 1 1 7. * An allow- 
ance of victual granted by a king or 
noble to his household, his atten- 
dants on a military expedition, &c. 
Only with reference to the phrase 
avoir bouche i («i, cour) * {N,E,D,). 

bounder, i 391 : prob. a corruption of 
bonndure {JV,£,D,), boundary. 

bows and arrows of silver (school 
prizes), i. 75. 

bowyers, i. 81, almost wome ont with 
the Fletchers. The phrase recurs 
constantly in the Survey, e.g. i. 336. 
See Index IIL 



brabble, quarrel, ii. 55. 

brake (of a gun), burst, i. sss. 

braky ■■ br^e (of Sir Thomas Lodge, 
IfUrod,, xl), near bankruptcy. 

Bvanohed, damaske, i. 349 : ' adorned 
with a figured . . . pattern in em- 
broidery,* &c {N.E.D.). 

braat,/. /. burst, i. 148. 

break op : * Certaine Cittizens of Lon- 
don brake vp the Tunne vppon 
Comhill, and took out prisoners,' 
it 161 (A.D. 1397). Cf. Matt. xxiv. 
43 (A.V.). 

brent^ burnt, ii. 51. 

bridge, a landix^-stage. See 'Strand 
bridge'; and <a uiyre bridge and 
landmg-place', ii. 133. 

bridgesuisters, i. 60. 

bringera-in, of patients to a hospital, 
i 165. 

broad cloath rowed or striped thwart, 
iL 190; broad cloathea, i. 350. 

brokers, sellers of old apparel, and 
such like, i. 139. 

bruited : 'many fables have been 
bruted,* i. 393. 

budge, L 86 : ' A kind of fur, consisting 
of lamb's skin, with the wool dressed 
outwards* {AT.EJ).), 

budget, it 10: 'a pouch, bag, or 
wallet, usually of leather' {N.EJD.). 

bulworkea, of the Tower, &c, i. 9, 
47-8, 

Burdioua, Burdeous, Bordeaux, i. 
340, 343. 

burel : ' burels or cloth listed, i. 386 ; 
var. of borrell, adf, buret, obs.; 
cf. Fr. burac, 'stuff that's halfe 
silke and half worsted ' (Cotgrave) ; 
but this may be a dim. of bure. See 
French Book of Rates Cf7i4)> 3^t 
'Bures and Burets Stuff per 100 
weight.* Cf. Bureau {N.EJ).). 

bureUers, or makers of the coarse 
stuff called 'burel', ii. 313. 

burgage, to hold in, L 35, 370: 'a 
form of Socage,' Cowell's Inttrpreter ; 
' A tenure whereby lands or tenements 
in cities and towns were held of the 
king or other lord for a certain yearly 
rent ' {N>E,D.), 

— ' Lands held of the King m burgage,* 
i. 388. 

burganets, i. 103 : ' burgonet, a very 
light casque or steel cap ' {ME*D.), 

Burgh*Xenning, i. 70, 303 : (ace. to 
Stow) a ' Barbican, as a Hkenning 
is cidled a Beacon* i. 303 [ghost- 
word]. 

burial, burial-place, i. 114 uA passim. 

burnt tilot i* 193. 



Glossary 



401 



called down (of coins), value dimin- 
ished by prodamation, i. 57 ; < oUled 
to a lower rate/ ib. 

caUinCt name, i. 43. 

* oame in with the Conqueror/ i. 68. 

Candlemaa, Feast of the Purification 
(Feb. a), i. 55, 97. 

Cane-ftona, i.e. from Caen in Nor- 

">^^y» ^* 137* 

oanona, laonlar, ii. 307 ; regular, i. 

140 ; ii. 47. 
cap or pot Tenea. to, i. 7a : tee 
N.EJ). The/0r was a light helmet 
worn hiter in the Civil Wars. 
Cappera and Horrera form company 

of Haberdashers, i apS. 
carack : a Spanish canack ; a large 
ship of burden, also fitted for warfiu« ; 
a galleon, i. 75. This refers to the 
^oe/fVt^Z^Mtf— taken off the Azores in 
159a. Aprizeofext»(»dimmrvalue-» 
after much plunder yielded 41 50,000. 
The cargo was stored at Leadenhall. 
oariage, traffic, i. 35. 
carit (carat), i. 56. 

carriage, goods carried, i. 49 ; traffic, 

i. 34; cf. 'we took up our cartages, 

and went up to Jerusalem,' Acts xxT i s 

(A.V.). 

carrie-load, t. 393 : carrie, a small 

two-wheeled vehicle, 
carted, carried in a cart through the 
streets by way of punbhment, 1. 190. 
Carta of the Franchise of the Temple 
and S. Martin's le Grand ; and of S. 
John of Jerusalem, i. ai3. 
carta, ahodde, having iron rims to 

the wheels, i. 83, I09, 
oaat a trench, i. 8, &c. Cf. St. Luke 

xix. 43. 
eaateUated, of a conduit, i. 300. 
CaattUon (Castellan), Robert, of Lon- 

doo, ii. I4« 
cattea liona, lion cubs, i. 48. 
canaeya, causeways, i. 11 a: Fr. 
ckausshy from via cakiaia^ and Milton 
i'.Z.z.4i5; so fai Bemers's trans, of 
Froissart (Skeat]^ 
ceiled, provided with a ceiling, L 145, 

318. 
' Oelerer * to the Monastery, ii. laa. 
cellarage, i. 138 ; cf. Hamkt^ i. v. 151 

certaine, fixed: 'A oertaine rent of 

X pound by the yeare,' ii. 50. 
ceased, assessed, i 139: oeaa, nths.^ 

assessment, tax, or levy; cf. Shaks. 

1 Hen, IV, II. L 8 (and see ME J).). 
ohMfton, i. 33: 'the frontlet of a 

barded horse' (ME.D.). 



chanons, canons, L 140. 
ohaplen, chaplain, L 137. 
chaptered, arranged in chapters: 'I 
had long since gathered notes to haue 
chaptered,* ii. 187. 
chare oo«Je, charcoal, i. 148. 
chargeable, costly, i. 60 ; * large sommes 
of monies,' $d, ; also ii. 118. CL In* 
troducticnt IxvL 
cfliargea, to the, at the cost of, L 317. 
chargea and diachargea, incomings 
and outgoings, i. 34. CL Introduc- 
ticH^ IxviL 
chamell: 'before the chemell and 
Chappel of S. Edmond the Bishop,* 
i. 107. 
charter warxen, ii. 13a! 'Warreuf 
a franchise or place privileged, eiUier 
b9 prescription, or grant from the 
King, to jceep beasts and fowl of 
Warren ; which are Hares and Conies, 
Partridges and Pheasants* (Cowell). 
OhastiUrie (for Chastdlanie), i. 6a. 
ohatyayd, chastised, ii. 347. 
ohaonteriea, i. 41. 
cheared» treated: ' they cheared all the 

Knightes and the Burgesses,' ii. 100. 
checke roll, i. 88 : < A Roil or Book 
containing the Names of such as are 
Attendants in Pay to great Personages, 
as their Household Servants, 19 Car. 
a, cap. I. It is otherwise called Tki 
Chequer Roli^ and seems to take its 
etymology from the Exchequer' 
(CoweUT Interpreter). 
cheat with three lockes, ii. 167. 
Chief Butler of England, i. 143. 
chlrographer, i. 310 : < The officer ap- 
pointed to engross fines in the Court 
of Common Pleas (abolished 1833)* 
{N.E,D.). 
Ohnxoh of England : * Edward IV 
began his raigne the fourth of March 
in the yeare 1460 alter the accotmt 
of the Church of England,* ii. 175. 
cider (also aidar), i. 87 : in M.E. sieer^ 
cyder^ yder (N£.D.) ; « lit. strong 
drink (Judges xiii. 7), not necessarily 
from apples' (Skeat). 
datem, v.a., i. 17; oistem (testem), 

subs,, i. 17. 
Oitiaen and paynter atayner of 
London, i. 30a, 304; Serjeant Painter, 

1314- 
Citj Ooorta enumerated, i. a7i ; Court 

of Requests commonly called the 

Court of Conscience, ib, 
clapboord, i. 137 : < a smaller size of 

split oak, imported from N. Germany, 

and used by coopers for making 

barpcl-suves, &c' (N.E.D.). 



STOW. II 



Dd 



402 



Glossary 



olarkes, scholars, learned men, i. 99. 
oleane deoajed, t 300; clean worn 
ont, X. 81 ; a gate dean taken downe, 

i. 39- 

olearke oonoiot, ii. 12a : 'comnet not 
nsed in this sense till convict, ppl, adj,^ 
began to go ont of nse * {ME»l), s,v,), 

Olearkes A the Greene Oloathe* i. 
131. One of the departments of the 
Royal Household, having control of 
various matters of expenditure, dis* 
cipline, &c. (see N^.D,) ; so called 
from the green-covered table at 
which its business was originally 
transacted. 

' clipping ' or ' washing ' of coin, i. 55. 

Oloath, coloured Mustard viUart (a 
colour now out of vse), and two 
yeardes of Cloath coloured blew, 
price two shillinges the 3reard, in all 
eight shillings. More, poled io John 
Pope, Draper, for two Govme clothes 
eight yards of two colours, iux 
ambo deux de roug (or red) medUy 
brune and porre (or purple) colour 
price the yeard aj., ii. 190. 

cloohard, a bell tower, ii. 120; 
cloobier, 1. 330 ; cloohiiirde, i. 331. 

clooke hoose, ti. lai. 

cloystry, cloister, i. 319. 

ooaped : ' the spring was coaped in, 
and arched over with hard stone,' 
L 301. See also cooped, 

oofltsrer, i. 85. < An officer of the royal 
^or other great) household next under 
the Controller* {t/.E.D,). 

coflln, siluer, case, casket, i. 86; cf. 
Plat, Delightesfor Ladies (hi N,EJ).), 
* Coffins of white pl&te.' 

oognisanoe of the Blew Bore, i. 89. 

combe, a, of corn, i. 206: 'a dry 
measure « 4 bushels' {N.E,D^, 

oombersome, awkward, i. 35. 

— tangled, L a, 3. 

oonunaonded, commended : ' This 
Schoole wascommaunded in the raigne 
of H. the sixt, and sithence also aboue 
other,* i. 185. 

conuninaltie of Ziondon, i. 153 (also 
oommonalitie, i. 319). 

oommoditie, advantage, i. 54 : ' Com- 
modity, the bias of the world * (Shaks. 
K.John II. 573). 

commodity, convenience, ii. 169. 

commons, to keep, i« a3i: 'diners 
Judges and Sergeants at the law keep 
a Commons there,* ii. 47. 

conmiane, commonalty, i. 157. 

competently, adequately, i. 101. 

composition, agreement, i. 237. 

composition, arrangement, i. 166. 



Ck>mpt6r (more recently Counter). 

< The prisonattached to a Citv Court. . . 

In this sense, the official spelling 

from the 17th century was CompitP 

(//.EJ),). 
Oomptera, The, i. 37, 115, 308. See 

Index lU. 
ooneluded, determined: *it was con- 

duded, the Image of lesns to be 

cnriou^y painted on the wall in 

Panics Church,* i. 337. 
conduct, i. 146 : < a salaried chaplain' 

(N.E.D.). 
oonduotea, conduits, i. 80. 
Ck>nduit Tpon Oomhill was this yeie 

{i^i) made of an old prison house 

called the Tunne, ii. 170. 
oonferenoe, comparison, i. 81. 
oonfldenoo, in« i.e. in trust, i. 116. 
Oongregationa against the Fish- 
mongers, i. 214-15. 
oonaeruer, general! of the . . . Re* 

cordes (i. e. the Tower), i. 59. 
oontinnall, continuous (passim). 
continuation, continuance, i. 25^ 
oontrouersies, to take vp, settle, ii. 

97- 
oonuented before certain comnus- 

sioners at Lambeth, ii. 135. 

oonuey, to appropriate : ' He first 
dissolued the Quire, conueyed 
the plate and ornaments^ then the 
bells,* i. 185. Ct 'conuey, the 
wise it call* (Shaks. Aferry IViviS, 
I. iiL 32). 

oonuict,/./., convicted, i. 215. 

oookerie or oookes row, i. 79. 

cooped: 'the spring is cooped about 
with stone,' L 16 ; < a bridge of stone 
faire coaped,' L 25, 26; coping, i. 
26 ; curbed, i. 34. 

cope, V. If . : ' the Champions coaped 
together,* i. e. contended, i. 33. 

copy : ' S. Eyre, sometime an Vpholster, 
then hyehaMigringofhiscopieti,uttLpti,' 

i. 153 f^rST' 
ooriam, curriers, ii. 191. 

corrected : * Basset corrected (i. e. re- 
formed) the Bakers,' &c, ii. 177. 

oottage: the Guildhall anciaitly a 
little cottage, i. 271. 

Cotton, umple, 'fine lawne, Paris 
threed, Cotton, Vmple,and other linnin 
clothes,* i. 217. 

couched, put away, hidden, i. 38. 

couent, convent, i. 35. 

oouerture ^covering^ of mens heads 
was then hoodes, li. 195. 

counsel! vnto, of : ' Sir Tohn Allen, 
sometime ... of counsel! vnto 
Henry the eight,* L 132. 



Giossayy 



ecnmt«n«iiao : 'forgreatetcomiteDince 
of the wondet,' ii. 3S3 ; cf. ii. 103. 

ootrnMra, dkIIb, uti point*, played 
for at cards oD fcUJvalj, i. 97 (alt 
mentioacd as thing* of little intiinsic 

oourau ; <tbe Jostes begoD, and 
many cotnmendBble courses were 
ran/ a 30-1. 

Coursitoti, ii. 88 : ' The 34 Clerks of 
Ihe Court of Chaaceiy, whose office it 
WBi to make out all origiDBl writs de 
carsu' {MEJ}). 

Conn uid I.eBta, ii. 97 : T. of S., 
Indndioo, ii. 89; cf. 'Keepcoutu and 
law days', Othello, ill. iii. 140, and 
I«Ol, inf. 

Court of the Atohea: 'the Court of 
Ihe Arches is kept in this (Bow) 
Church, and taketh oameof the place, 
noi the place of the CoQTt,' i. 15^ 

ooynea 1 'Pophamc djred rich, leauing 
great treasure of strange <oyne»,' ii. 33. 

oopUHB Irona, i, 54 : ' vii. Standard 
or Slnple, and two Ttussels or Pnn- 

orunplnK, pricking, canse to be 

seized with cramp, i. 59. 
anuiaK« up, drawing up by cranes, i. 

I35. 

— of wate* and merchimdiie, i. 135. 
QTBua, f. : 'the inarchanls of Bordeaux 

craned their wines oat of Lighters,' 

i. 138. 
oreiaet, an iron vessel containing mnte- 

rinli for burning, i. loi : N.E.D. 

quotes Milton, P. L. i. 718. 
oMat and vent: 'the Conduit of 

sweet water castellated with crdC and 

Orou, th«, 00 cobix, i. ji. 

— 'An andent eusicne ofChtisttanitJe', 
i. 167. 

— an andent, called 'The Standart 
without the north doore of S. Paul's 
Church,' ib. 

— 'a cross, doable to the ring, between 
fower rowals of slie poyntes,' 1. 51. 

OTowoh«d PriMt, cmtched liiers, to 

called from wearing n cross, i. 1 39. 
Orowdei (crypt) of the Cathedral 

Church of Pauls, i. 319 ; also 

Shrowdea. 
Crown, plsas of tbe, i. jo. 
Crowner, a. of Ihe Lord Mayor's 

house, ii. t88; d. Hml. v. i. <. 
Orownailda or Tamarallde, L 357 : 

selda =taiema laercaleria (Dncange). 
enltua of iron, L 1 1 1 : ploughshares i 

Lai. cu/ltr. 

U (eonl). i. 16a. 

Dd 



403 



ottnint ty tha ClMrgi«, eiconuDuni- 

cation, i. 3JI. 
cuTt«larg«, curtilage, i. 100. 
ourtiw, courteoui, il. 353. 
anrtolsd, curtailed, ii. ijg. 



ouatomer, customs officer, i. 135. 

cuatomar of london outward, a CQS. 
torn-house officer for exports, l 114. 

Oiutomera KeT'(Qaay), 1. 43. 

cuBtoa set over the City, L 51. 

ciKtOB, as flur. : ' Nic. Marshall & Ri. 
Coic weie Custos {sic] or Warden),' 
i. 147 ; 'Vnder flat stones do lye diucrs 
Caslos of the chappel,' i. 374. 

outlara: 'Three Artes or sortea of 
workmen in Cutlars' Conipsny; 



^ 1. ..8 0). 

if purple dam- 



Dftlrle bonae*, ot Cottages, wherein 
they make butler and cheese, 
vsually called 'Wiokea, i ' " 

damuked : 'an habit o\ 
asked down lo his feet,' : 

damn tiled, injured, i. 101, 347. 

Donoo of D«ath (orof Paules), i. 109. 

Deeps mtoh by Bethlehem, i. 165. 

DefeadMil* or UiidBTt«keri, oppo- 
nents at Tumey, ii. 99. 

deUlora, informers, ii. 119. 

delectable, ii. 347. 

delioateneaae, delicaciei, i. -,g. 

Demllaiuioaa on great horses ; light 
horsemen armed with demi-lances, 



1. 11 



, 103- 



D«miae,ii. 14: 'conveyance or transfer 

of BD estate by will or leue ' (a:£^.). 
I>amooT>tie, or AiiitoorBtie, ii. 906. 
denarii, Latin, L £3' 
dentaon (deniien], a, or free English, 

ii. 67- 
deutliig In (of « wall), i. 9; opixised 

lo 'as straight as the siring of a bow.' 
deported, parted, i. 33 ; ' how the , , . 

bcraulds departed therewith I have 

not read," i. »37. 
depict, depicted, ii. 61. 
derloe, to divert : ' deriue the river of 

Thames, with her tides, to bane flowed 

about it,' i. iS. 
dUiootelr. i. 80. 
dlrte, dearth, ). IJ7. 
diiarmed, of laimoea, i. 84, 91. 
diioeue, decease, I. 189 (^I'l). 
discharged of aaaUe and warde, 

i. 113. 



404 



Glossary 



disoommoditie, inconvenieDce, t 46. 
disdainly, disdainfnlly, ii* 352. 
diigoisings, masqnes and masquerades, 

i. 97; ii. 116. 
diapatoh, to effect hastily, i. 44. 
dispend, to spend, L 340 ; < This Hos- 
pital . . . was valued to dispend 478. 

pounds,* L 167. 
dispense, expense, ii. 325. 
diapenaed with: <Dr. Bull is dis* 

pensed with to read the Musick 

lecture in English only,' i. 76. 
diasimnle, vui., ii. 78. 
diatraotod : ' an hospital for distracted 

people,' i. 164. 
distraight, i. 165. 
distraine : ' to distraine the said 

parishioners,' L i^; ii. 114. 
domeaman, or juoges of the King*s 

Court, ii. 149. 
Doomeaday book, th«, it 147. 
Dortar (•er^ -our), dormitory, i. 319. 
dowked, ducked, L 94. 
drawne : ' a new foundation was 

drawne/ i. 60 ; a Porter of the Tower 

drawne, hanged, and headed, i. 58. 
Draye man: 'the Draye man sitteth 

... on his Drea,' i. 83. 
drown (of ships), sink, ii. 71. 
drowned with: 'Ddce of Clarence 

drowned with Malmsey in the 

Tower,' i. 58. 
drowning in Thames^ execution by, 

i. 65. 
dubbing the Maior knight, ii. ri6. 



eaaementa, conyeniences, accommoda- 
tions, i. 135. 

Xaatarling penoe, first made by the 
Easterlings in England, temp. Henry 
II> !• 53 ; other derivations of the 
name,!. ^4; cf. i 178. 

edifled, built, i. 39. 

•ftaoones, again; forthwith, imme- 
diately, i. 6. 

oldanie (elder) trees, i. 34. 

lOemoaiaary or Almory* ftt West- 
minster, now corruptly the Aumbry, 
ii. 123. 

Xlmea in Bmithfleld, the, place of 
execution, i. 48, 49, 51, 65 ; ii. 39. 

eln, iron, the King's: containing in 
length 83, half, quarter, and half 
quartern of, L 140. 

embattoladt embattled, i. 66. 

embeiBled (imbeseled), stolen. 

ombrotharer, embroiderer, ii. 65. 

emortiaing and propri*tion; amor- 



tising ■* alienatien in mortmaia 
(a3./>.), i. 166. 

enoountar companion : ^ I will not 
fiiyle an encounter companion,' iL 33. 

enoroaohmant, i. 119. 

endamagad, i. 6a 

engine, mechanism, i. 41. 

engroaaa : ' merchants engrosse old 
florins or nobles,' i. 55 ; ' cdns of gold 
enhaunoed, and allayed,' ib» 

enhanced, /./.; anhiwincing, 9.1., 
to enhance, to raise the value of a 
coin, conunodity, &c., i. 56. 

Xnirode [?], ii. 104. 

enormitiea, abuses needing refor- 
mation, i. 83. 

— crimes of violence, i. 101. 
enterlaced, ii. 308. 
enterludea, t 15. 

Xnthimems . . . imperfect siUogismes ; 
a syllogism in wmch one premiss is 
soppreued, i. 73 ; see NE.D. 

erect, erected, i. 130. 

Xrmony, Armenia, i« 7i« 

Bacheator, ex-, an omoer who received 
the escheats of the Crown (Stubbs), 

Xaaea, a collar of, iL 57. 

Satatea of Xngland, great personages, 
ii. 71. 

eateemation, estimation, i. 319. 

XaterUng pence, plates to be coined 
into, ii. 359. 

Xaterlinga, a riot made upon the, L 1 78. 

euerie {one) of these foure, L 60. 

euery (one of) theae Wardea, i. 130. 

Xuil May Day, insurrection of pren- 
tices, &c., against aliens. May Day 

^5<7> i- 99> H3* 15^' S^ Index III. 

Xzchauoger, the King'a, i. 49. 

Xxchetor, i. 35; from Eschltati 'an 
officer that taketh notice of the 
escheats of the King in the countv 
whereof he is Escheaiory and certifieth 
them into the Exchequer' (Cowell's 
Interpreter), See also Bacheator. 
Lands and goods of Jews excheaied 
to the king,!. 379. 

Xxchetre, the King'a, i. 39 ; Xacaetor* 
i. 43 ; the King's exchetes, L 38Qi 

exhibited: 'a petition esdiibited \ff 
the commons to the common counoell , 
and by them allowed ' (approved), 

i- 157- 
exhibition, i. 77. 

— funds supplied by parents and friends, 

f.77- 
exhibitora of petitiona, i. 314. 
expulaed : ' the number of Jews then 

expulsed were 15,060 persons,* i. 

381. 



Glossary 



4PS 



fabnle, to, i. 34, 305, 348. 

faboloos book, a, L 32a 

fiMt, crime, i. 190 ; 'his detetUble ikcts/ 
crimes, deeds, i. 90, 354. 

Faculty, i.e. the King of Annes, 
Heraalts, and Pmseiiantes, &c., ii. 17. 

fiadome, finthom, i« 160, 

fall-gate, iL 73: 'a gate across a 
public road' (A^.^.Z).). 

false packing, conspiracy (in collec- 
tions of money), ii. ai6. 

false roof against the weather, i. 33a. 

Cantasiedy as some have, i. a 86, 

fisr-fetoh, v., i. 14. 

fsatnea, a fortress, i. 4 ; see N^E.D, 

fautor, flnend and, ii. 315. 

fealty in free socage, ii. 69: Free 
socage, also called common socage, is 
opposed to base socage «■ Tillenage. 

feared (terrified) by ^gnostications, 
which declared that in the year of 
Christ 1534, there should be such 
EcUpses in vratrie signes, and such 
oox^onotions that by waters and 
flondes many people should perish 
• . . all things necessary within him 
{i. e. in his own house), ii. 27. 

feast folower: 'X [Stow] was neuer 
feast folower,* ii. 191. 

fee fiarme(8) : ' Lsnds held in iiee by 
rendering tor them yearly the true 
value, or more or less ; which rent if 
the feoifes cease to pay for two years 
together, an action tnmby accrues to 
the feoffors their heirs, to demand 
the tenements in demesne ; for which 
tenements neither homage, wardship, 
marrii^, nor relief can be demanded 
without spedalty in writing * (^nV/^M, 
ed. Oxford, 1865, ii. 5, 6). 

fee ferma {)jBX,feodi Jfirma)j 'a firee 
tenure, the services of which were 
rendered in money* (Nichols's ^rti'/S^ii, 
Glossary). Fee-farm rent of a 
borough (Gron), 

fsere : ' in feere,* in company, i. 353. 

feet, of St Paul, i. 318. 

feffement, i. 115, 349: 'the act of 
investing a person with a fief or fee ' 
{N.E,D.). 

feffles, feoffees, i. 115. 

feleper, broker, ii. 361. 

fellowship or oompania incorporate, 
i. 158, 373. 

Fellowships of the cittie (Companies), 

i. 273- 
felmongora, skinners, i. 13a. 

fels, skins, i. 156. 

feoftaant, i. 349. 



feofbnent, feoffor, feoflise: see Ste- 

phen, quoted in £arle's L»C. p. xvii. . 

fareno, ironmonger, i aSi ; see note^ 

P-335- 
ferling, farthing, i. 53: 'the fourth 

part of a sterlmg ' (Bp. Fleetwood in 

NiE,D.) ; ' the quarter of a denarius ' 

(Gross), 
ferrer, a shoer of hones, a worker in 

iron, ii. 17a. 
femently: 'The fire burst out again 

more feruently,' i. 3a6. 
f ewters (or idle people, // /. * keepers 

of greyhounds^ {N.E,D.% ii. 39. 

See note, p. ^63. 
ilarad oat (of William Longbeard), ii. 

a 16. 
flflaane, a, a tax formerly imposed on 

all kinds of personal property, i. 13, 

laS. 
illod, defiled, ii 13. 
finding (Le. support) of 13 poor people 

for ener, ii. 168 and/omm. 
flahftill : < the fishfuU riuer of Thames,' 

i.8. 
Flandara tile brought firom Normandy, 

i. 30 ; Britain or Roman Tile, i. x6o. 
floren of gold, called of the Floien- 

tines, makers thereof, i. 53 ; * The old 

Floren or noble \c, 135 1] . • .worth 

much above the taxed rate of the 

new,' i. 55. 
iiorenoea, gold, i. 51, 57 ^^* 
fbddar, fother, i. 153: <a definite 

weight of some specified substance, 

e.g. lead; now usually 19I cwt.' 

{N.EJ).). 
Folke Mootaa, i. 3a5, 331 : < a general 

assembly of the people of a town, city, 

or shhe * (N.E.D.). 
foUilia, foolishly, i. 341. 
follower, technical term for a mode of 

scouring the diannel of Fleet dike 

into the Thames, i. 13. 
Font in Ponies, the, i. a as* 
foolea whoode, a, i. 157. 
foond, found, ii. 35. 
forananst, opposite to, facing, ii. 44. 
foroad ground, opp. to the majna, 

i.345- 
forolar, n.^ contrivance for propelling 

water [N,EJ).\ i. 18 ; < an engine or 

foroiar, for the winding up of vrater 

to seme the dttie,' i. 4a. 

foreigner {fmnsecus\ a person not 
enjoying the privileges of a borough 
(Gross) ; ' out of the manor,* ii. 69. 

forreigna, i. 155 ; all maner f., 1. 156. 

fonrainay outsiders, i. 156, ii. 09; 
'decreed that no forrein or stranger 
should sell any wollen doth,' i. a88. 



4o6 



Glossary 



forthright, itraightfonrMrdy ii. 74. 

fortuned, it» i loa 

fojle, fine silver made into, i. 53 
(called temp. £dw. I * silner of Gn« 
thnron*s Lane *). 

fSojrstor, a saddle-tree maker {/f.BJ)^^ 
IL 19a. 

Vraerie Oart, the, of the Priory of 
S. John of Jerusalem, ii. 8a. 

frame, i. 34 : * a stmctnre of timhers^ 
joists, &&, fitted together to form the 
skeleton of a bnuding' {N.SJ>^ 
quoting Prompt. Pttrv,^ &c.); 'a 
laige strong frame of timher and 
brick,' i. 131 • 'a fair large frame of 
timbor, containing [several] tene- 
ments,' i. 151. 

fcanchea, soke or cooit, i. 2^ 

ftmnchliea, priTileges, i. 308. 

frankpledge, ii 69: 'the Fxench 
and Latin Uxvba frauneplegit jramcut 
plegitts^ appear to have arisen from 
a misunderstanding of the A.S. FrUt- 
bohs or FHbohs « pledge of peace ' 
(Nichols's Britten). 

Vxmtree de eaooa or de penitentia, 
L 277; Friars of the Sack. 

Vratrle, the, refectory, i. 317, 319. 

fray : ' 1401. Sonldiers made a fray 
against the Maior,* ii. 174; '145a. 
Thb yeare was a great fiay at the 
wrastling,* ii. 174. 

firee quitted: 'that all men of the 
Realme should be free quitted and 
discharged of all Toll,' i. 207. 

fireeae, i. no; <ye kyveringe which 
was but frise,' Introd, p. lix ; ' coarse 
woollen cloth, with a nap, usually on 
one side only ' {N.E.D.). 

frequent, populous, ii. aoS. 

fripperers or vpholders, i. 199 : ' frip- 
per, a broker ' {N.E.D.) ; cf. Introd. 
p. Ixzzvii, * broKer and fripper ' : up- 
holder means broker or auctioneer 
(see Skeat). 

Trees of Flaunders, ii. 55 (i.e. Frowt 
■■ loose women). 

frillage, refuse, street sweepings, ii. a 70. 

frimiture : * for furniture of the Quire 
in divine service, and ministration of 
the sacraments, a College of la pety 
Chanons, &c.,'.ii. 137. 

frurtherer: 'a great furtherer of the 
new work of Powles,* ii. 133. 



gailekeeping : < so that both the old 
and new worke of Ludgate afore- 
said, be one prison, mUkuping^ and 
charge for enermoit/ i. 39. 



galley half^Mnoe, forbidden 13 Henry 

IV and 4 Henry V, i. 13a. 
gallowa were erect(od), L 130. 
galory, gallery, passim. 
gardlan or Warden, and a commnnaltte, 

i.a37, 
gaadand« L e. victorv, or its reward, L 74. 
gamer, granary : * the common Gamer 

caUed Leaden Hall,' iL 180. 
gate, got, i. ia8. 
geason, scarce, ii. 296. 
gekU the Finnish, i. a3^. 
gentlemanlike disposition, a, ii. ai8. 
Qerondf^VwiM/, i. a87. 
gersunit i. 31 1 : 'a premium or fine 

paid to a feudal superior on entering 

uponah(Mmg'(Ar.i?.Z).). See also 

Cfowell, x.o. 
gild, ' to gild withal ; ' for gilding pur- 
poses, i. 57. 
giUiflowera, the clove pink : ' paying 

yearely one clone of Gereflowers at 

Easter/ i. 145 ; * one clone or slip of 

Gilliflowers,^ i. 311. 
gin, contrivance, engine: 'a gin to 

convey Thames water to Dowgate 

conduit,' i. a3a marg, 
glaaier: 'Launcelot Young, Maister 

GUsier to her Majestic,' i. a98. 
glaaa honae : 'a • . . whcsein was made 

glass of divers sorts to drink in,* i. 148. 
goddards: 'from OF. Godart (1397), 

F. Godttf a drinking-cup ; still so 

caUed in N. Wales * {M£.D.), i. 343. 
Ooldyng Ziyon, the, i. 31 a. 
Oote on the Hope, Goat on the Hoop, 

ii. 91 : ' Fr. cerceauj sercU, the hoop 

of a barrel, the sig^ of a brewsters 

occupation ' ^Gross, CM.). 
goxLlMtPiur.f 1. 15 a. 
grant to, i. lai : 'granted to their 

request,' i. lao. 
graynexs, granaries, ii. 65. 
Greene yard of the Leaden Hall, i. 

151. Cf. green chur