r7\ :
Authors' & Printers'
q£^ Dictionary
^* ' i- Authors, Editors, Printers, Correctors
I Press, Compositors, and Typists
With full list of Abbreviations
An Attempt to codify the best Typographical
Practices of the Present Day
by
F. HOWARD COLLINS
Author of
**An Epitome of the Sjiithetic Philosophy of Herbert Spencer'*
With the assistance of many Authors, Editors
Printersr and Correctors of the Press
des' Association
ipciation, by the
Id by tlie Ex'"cu-
tors of the Press
Fourth Edition (Fifth Inrpression) Revised by
HORACE HART, ControUer of the Oxford University Press
Henry Frowde
London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Toronto
Melbourne & Bombay
Price One Shilling net
GIFT OF
Dean Frank H. Probert
c:^L<AJ^^y<^ ^^o^*^
Digitized by the Internet Arciiive
in 2007 with funding from
IVIicrosoft Corporation
http://www.archive.org/details/authorsprintersdOOcollrich
Authors' & Printers'
Dictionary
Guide for Authors, Editors, Printers, Correctors
of the Press, Compositors, and Typists
With full list of Abbreviations
An Attempt to dodify^the best Typographical
Practices- -bf ^e Present- Day
F. HOWARD COLLINS
Author of
An Epitome of the Synthetic Philosophy of Herbert Spencer''
With the assistance of many Authors, Editors
Printers, and Correctors of the Press
Approved by the Master Printers' and Allied Trades' Association
of London, by the Edinburgh Master Printers' Association, by the
Belfast Printing Trades Employers' Association, and by the Execu-
tive Committee of the London Association of Correctors of the Press
Fourth Edition (Fifth Impression) Revised by
HORACE HART, Controller of the Oxford University Press
Henry Frowde
London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Toronto
Melbourne & Bombay
1912
GIFT QW ^-^/aV^- Vo
«iMlM(a 0£f I.
/^fW/ Edition, March 1905
Second Impression, April 1905
Second Edition, September 1905
Third Edition, March 1909
Fourth Edition {Fifth Impression), October 191 2
NOTE
TO THE FIFTH IMPRESSION
THE present edition has been revised under
my direction ; Mr. F. Howard Collins having
died on Nov. i6, 1910.
In going through the pages it has been
noticed that a number of other persons have died
since the first edition was issued ; and where
dates could be ascertained correction has been
made. There are doubtless further entries
which ought to be amended, but it would
involve very great labour to verify all dates,
even if material for doing so were readily
available ; and the question has no bearing on
the correctness of the spellings adopted.
In cases where the plan of this work differs
(as in the matter of single and double quota-
tions) from the practice of the Oxford Press,
Mr. Collins's plan has been left unaltered.
The reasons which he had for undertaking
the work originally, and the methods on which
he proceeded, having been fully set out in
earlier editions, are not repeated here.
HORACE HART.
Oxford : Oct. 191 2.
%
i^— ABBB.
An asterisk* denotes a spelling used In the
** Oxford English Dictionary." Words in claren-
don italic type should be printed in italic. / is used
for the purpose of compression ; e. g. abbreviat/e,
-or = abbreviate, abbreviator.
A., Academician, Academy,
amateur, artillery, the first
in a series, all proper
names beginning with this
initial, (mus.) alto.
a., acre, active,
a, not an, before all words
beginning with a conso-
nant, or with the sound
of w, whj or y^ as : a
eulogy, a euphony, a Eu-
ropean, a ewe, a ewer, a
herb, -al, a honorarium,
a hope, a horse, a hospital,
a humble, a one, a oneness,
a unanimous, a unicorn, a
uniform, a union, a unison,
a unit, a universe, -al, -ity,
a useful, a usurper. (S^^
^^ a/50 •* an, «o/ a,**)
A, a, in German, may not be
replaced by^^, a^ (except
in some proper names),
A, a, or ^, «. "The
modified vowels, whether
used as capitals or as small
letters, take the Umlaut
sign above them." (Prus-
sian Minister of Education,
1880.) The first only of
two vowels takes the
Umlaut sign, as du.
a, the <' Swedish a" {see
Swedish).
@, at, the "commercial a"
(used only in quoting
prices).
Al*, "first-class" ships in
"Lloyd's Register."
A.A., Associate of Arts;
A. A. A., Amateur Athletic
Association ; A.A.A.S.,
American Association for
the Advancement of Sci-
ence ; A.A.C., anno ante
Christum (in the year be-
fore Christ) (s.caps.) ;
A.A.G., Assistant-Adju-
tant - General ; a. a, O,
(Ger.), ant angefuhrten
Orte (at the place quot-
ed) ; A. A. of A., Auto-
mobile Association of
America ; A.A.P.S.,
American Association for
the Promotion of Sci-
ence ; A.A.S., Fellow of
American Academy of
Arts and Sciences ;
A.. A.B.8., Americans An-
tiquarianseSocietatis Socius
(Fellow of the American
Antiquarian Society).
A .B . *, ,^ rtiu m Baccala u reus
(Bachelor of Arts) ; able-
bodied [seaman].
abj (Lat.), from ; — ante,
from before.
abac/us* (arch.), plate at
top of a column ; pi, -i*.
Abar, Assam, not -or.
a bas (Fr.), down with.
abatable *, not -eable.
a batons rompus (Fr.),
by fits and starts.
abattuj (Fr.), fern, -e, de-
jected.
abb., abbess, abbey, abbot.
abb§* (Fr. m.), title (not
ital.).
Abbeokuta, W. Africa,
use Abeo-.
Abbildung (Ger. typ. f.),
a cut or picture (cap.).
Abbot, family name of
Baron Colchester.
Abbott, family name of
Baron Tenterden.
Abbottabad, Punjab.
abbr., abbreviated, -ion.
1
ABBREV JAT31 - A3EST
abbreviat/e ♦, -or *.
abbreviation, inFr. abr^-,
abbreviations.
— punctuation : a full point
after all contracted words
or phrases, except chemi-
cal and math, symbols {see
also county).
When abbreviation ends
sentence, one point only.
Capitalization as in full
word or words. Initials of
an abbreviation should not
be divided by end of line.
{See also the word itself
and punctuation, XXI.
2.)
AbbreviationsforliOng-
hand recognized by
printers, agreed to at the
International Shorthand
Congress, 1887, with a few
additions marked f :
a, . ; about, ab* ; accordingf,
ace. ; account, ace* ; adver-
tisementf, ad, or advt;
affectionatef, afF; affec-
tionatelyt, aflf'^ ; after-
noon, aft° ; again, ag^ ;
against, ag"* ; Americaf,
Amer. ; among, ams ;
amount, am*; -ance, -*'* ;
because, b®" ; been, b" ;
between, b*"" ; brought,
bro*; caught, ca*; chair-
man, chi» ; circum-
stance, cir*^' ; committee,
com« ; could, c"* ; differ-
ence, difc^ ; different, dif* ;
difficult, dif''"; difficulty,
difcity. .ence, -«'« ; Eng-
land, -ishf, Eng. ; especi-
allyt, esp ; evening, ev^f ;
-ever, -r ; every, ev^ ;
excellentf, exc ; extra-
ordinary, xtr^ ; faithfullyt,
ffy; for, f; Friday, Fri ;
from, f™ ; further, fur' ;
general, gen»; generallyf,
geny ; goodf, ^ ; govern-
ment,^ gov*; great, g' ;
had, h* ; have, h ; import-
ance, impc^ ; important,
imp* ; -ing, -g ; -ion, -n ;
large, Ige ; manuscriptf,
-s, MS., MSS. ; meeting,
m*K ; -ment, -mt ; might,
m*; Monday, Mon; morn-
ing, ms ; notwithstanding,
notw«f ; objection, obj" ;
occasionf, occ° ; o'clock,
o'cf ; of, o ; opinion,
op°; opportunity, opp^;
other, o""; ought, o*;
pagef, -s, p., pp. ; particu-
lar, parf^ ; popularf, pop ;
queryt, qy ; question, q^ ;
quotationf, quot ; said,
s*^ ; Saturday, Sat ; several,
sevi ; shall, sh ; should,
sh"^ ; -sion, -n ; speciallyf,
spec ; Sunday, Sun ;
that, t ; the, / ; their,
there, th*" ; though, tho ;
through, thro; Thursday,
Thurs; -tion, -n; together,
togr ; trulyf, ty ; Tuesday,
Tues ; very, vf, or \^ ;
very goodf, v.g ; Wed-
nesday, Wed; whether,
wh"^ ; which, wh ; with,
w ; without, w* ; would,
w^; yesterday, yesty, or
y'dayf; you, y; your,
y*"; yours, y".
A.B.C.F.M., American
Board of Foreign Missions.
"ABC Guide" (no points).
abdicat/e, -or.
h. Becket (Thomas),
iii8?-7o, Abp. (one t).
^Beckett (A. W.), 1844-,
journalist ; — {Or. A.),
181 1-56, writer (two fs).
Abeokuta, W. Africa, not
Abb-.
Abercrombie, Fife.
Abercromby, Lanes.
Aberdonians, natives of
Aberdeen.
Aberglaube (Ger. m.), su-
perstition.
Abemethy, Inverness and
Perth.
Aberystwyth, Wales, not
-ith.
abest (Lat.), he, she, or it,
is absent ; pi. absunt
ABETTER — ACC.
abett/er*, in law -or*.
ab extra (Lat.), from out-
side.
Abhandlungen (Ger.f.pl.),
Transactions (of a So-
ciety) ; abbr. Abb,
A.B.H.M.S., American
Baptist Home Mission
Society.
ablitj ad plures or — ad
mafores (Lat.), he, or
she, has gone to the ma-
jority : is dead ; pi. abie-
runt .
ab incunabulis (Lat.),
from the cradle.
Abingdon, Berks, and
Virginia, U.S.A.
Abington, Northants,
Lanark, Lime
Mass., U.S.A.
abj initio (Lat.), from the
beginning, abbr. ab itlit. ;
— intra, from within.
h bis ou a blanc (Fr.), by
hook or by crook.
abl., ablative.
-able* (the suffix). Words
ending in e omit the e
before -able, except when
necessary for pronuncia-
tion, as receive receivable ;
but change changeable,
since g becomes hard be-
fore a.
A.B.M.U., American Bap-
tist Missionary Union.
h boni compte ( Fr. ),cheap-
ly, at a low estimate ;
droit f with justice ;
marche, cheap.
Abor, Assam, use Abar.
ab origine (Lat.), from the
beginning.
above-mentioned*, hy-
phen only when a noun
immediately follows, as
" the above - mentioned
sentence," but " the sen-
tence above mentioned."
ab ovo (Lat), from the be-
ginning.
Abp., Archbishop.
abr., abridged, abridgment.
d bras ou verts (Fr.), with
open arms.
abrSgS(Fr, m. ) , abridgment.
abrSviation (Fr. f.), abbre-
viation.
abridgment*, abbr. abr.
A.B.S., American Bible So-
ciety, able-bodied seaman.
abs., absolutely, abstract.
Abschttittj (Ger. typ. m.),
section, part, chapter, or
division; pi. -e, abbr.i46s.
absciss/a* (math.),/»/. -ae*.
absenter*, not -or.
absente reo (Lat.), the
defendant being absent,
abbr. abs. re,
absinth/*, in Fr. f. -e.
absitj, let him, her, or it,
be absent ; — omen, let
there be no (ill) omen.
absolutely, abbr. abs.
abs. re., absente reo (the
defendant being absent).
abstract, abbr. abs.
absurdum* (Lat.\ absurd.
Abt. (Ger.), Abteilung (div-
ision).
abundance, in Fr.abond-.
ab uno disce omnes
(Lat.), from one (sample)
judge the rest.
abut*/, -ment*, -ted*,
-ting*.
abys/s*, -mal*.
A.C., Alpine Club; A.C.,
ante Christum (before
Christ) (s.caps.) ; a.c,
author's correction ; in Fr.
anne'e courante (current
year) ; a/c, account ; in
printing use acct.
A.C.A., Associate (of the
Institute of) Chartered
Accountants (offic).
Academician, abbr. A.
Acad^miefrancaise (cap.
A, not cap./).'
Academy, a learned body;
abbr. A., or Acad. (cap.).
a capite ad calcem (Lat),
completely.
ace, acceptance (bill),
accusative.
1*
ACCABIiE — ACTUEIi
"m-^
accabljS (Fr.), /em. -ie,
overwhelmed.
acced/e*, -er*.
accedence*, a giving con-
sent.
accelerando (mus.), ac-
celerating ; abbr. accel.
accelerat/e, -or*.
accents and diacritical
marks : acute ('); cedilla
(9); circumflex (a); diae-
resis (") ; doubtful length
mark (Si); grave f) ; Gr.
breathings : asper ( ' ) ;
lenis ('); Gr. circumflex
C) ; long vowel(") ; Scan-
dinavian o (0) ; short
vowel ("); Spanish n or
tilde (n); Swedish a (d);
Umlaut (••).
acceptance, abbr. ace.
accepter*, in law -or *.
accessary *, not -ory.
accessjit (Lat.), he, she, or
it, came near; pi. -erunt.
acciaccatura* (mus.), a
grace-note,
accidental* (mus.).
acclimatize*, «o/-ise.
accompanist*, not -yist.
accordion*, «o/ -eon.
accouche/ment *, -ur *,
-use* (not ital.).
account, abbr. a/c ; in print-
ing use acct.
Accra, use Akkra.
accrocbjS (Fr.), /em. ~ie,
brought to a deadlock.
acct., account, or account
current.
accusative, abbr. ace.
Acestes, not Akestes.
ac etiam (Lat.), and also.
A.C.F., Automobile Club
de France.
A.C.G.B.I.. Automobile
Club of Great Britain and
Ireland.
Achaemenes, not Achai-.
k cbeval (Fr.), on horse-
back.
Achin, Sumatra, not -een,
Atchin.
Aohnasliellach, Ross.
A.C.I. (Fr.), assure centre
Vincendie (insured against
fire).
acknowledgment*, not
-ement.
a compte (Fr.), in part pay-
ment.
k corps perdu (Fr.), des-
perately.
acoustics* (sing, noun),
pron. a-kov/stiks.
k couvert (Fr.), protected.
A.C.P., Associate of the
College of Preceptors.
acquit/ *, -tal *, -tance *,
-ted*, -ting.
Acra, use Akkra.
Acre, Syria, not Acca,
Accho, Acco.
acre, abbr. a.
acre (Fr. f.), acre.
acre (Fr.), acrid.
A.C.S., Additional Curates
Society.
AetaBon, a mythical hun-
ter.
acte d'accusation (Fr.
m.), indictment.
Actini/a * (zool.), pi.
-SB*.
actinomy/ees (bot.), pi.
-cetes.
actionnaire (Fr. m.), a
shareholder.
active, abbr. a.
acts of a play (typ.), cap.
only when the number
follows, as "Hamlet,"
Act i. sc. a (see also
authorities).
Acts of Parliament
(cap. A\ cited thus: —
Factory and Workshops
Act, 1878 (54 & 55 Vic.
c. 75, ss. 14 and 15).
28 Geo. II, c. VIII is a
private Act. 28 Geo. II,
c. 8, is a public Act.
Acts of Sederunt (Scots
law).
actuallte (Fr. f.), present -
state.
actuell (Fr.), /em. -Ie,
present.
ACTUM — AD MODUM
actumj agere (Lat), to do
what has been already
done ; — est, it is all over.
A.C.U., American Con-
gregational Union.
aeushla (Irish), darling.
acute accent* (').
A.D.* (anno Domini) , should
always be placed before
the figures ; B.C. after
(s.caps.); a. 6.., ante diem
(before the day), after
date ; ad., advertisement.
Adam's Peak, Ceylon
(apos.).
ad amussim (Lat.), ex-
actly.
adapt/able*, -er*, not -or.
ad arbitrium (Lat.), at
pleasure.
adas^ra (Lat.), to the stars.
a dato (Lat.), from date.
A.D.C., aide-de-camp.
Amateur Dramatic Club.
adj captandum valgus
(Lat.), to catch the rabble :
claptrap; — clerum, to
the clergy ; — crumen-
am, to the purse ; —
eundem gradum, to
the same degree, abbr.
ad eund.
addend/um*, something to
beadded;/)/.-a*(notital.).
addible*, «o/-able.
addio (It.), good-bye.
addorsed*, not adorsed,
adossed.
address, in Fr. f. adresse;
(typ.) in printed letters
to be s.caps.
adducible *, not -ceable.
Adeler (Max), 1841-,
Amer. writer (see also
Adl-).
a demi (Fr.), by halves.
aj dessein (Fr.), on pur-
pose ; — deux, of (or be-
tween) two ; — deux
mains, with both hands.
adj extra (Lat.), in an out-
ward direction ; — ex-
tremum, to the last.
adj filum aquas (Lat.) to
centre of the stream ; —
filum viae, to centre of
the road ; — finem, near
the end ; — gustum, to
the taste; — hoc, for
this (object) ; — boml-
nem, to the [interests of
the] man;— hunc locum,
on this passage, abbr.
a.h.l.; — idem, to the
same (point).
a die TLat.), from that day.
adieu/, pi. -x (not ital.).
adl infinitum * (Lat.), to
infinity, pron. Tn-fi-ni'-
tum ; — interim, mean-
while.
A Dios (Sp.), adieu.
Adirondack Mountains
(U.S.A.), Ko/-dac.
k discretion (Fr.), at dis-
cretion.
Adj., Adjutant.
adjectiv/e, abbr. adj.; —
-al*, -ely*.
Adj. -Gen., Adjutant-Gen-
eral.
adjudgment*, «o^-ement.
adjudicator*, not -er.
adjutage *, not aj-.
Adjutant/, abbr. Adj. ; —
-General, abbr. A.-G.,
or Adj. -Gen.
adjuvant*.
adj kalendas Orascas
(Lat.), never; — libitum* ^
at pleasure, abbr. ad lib,
Adler (Hermann), 1839-
191 1, Chief Rabbi.
ad litem (Lat.), for a suit.
Adm., Admiral, Admiralty.
ad manum (Lat.), ready.
administr at/or* abbr. ad-
mor . ; -rix*, abbr. admix.
Admiral/, in Fr. amirjal,
pi. -aux; — , -ty, abbr.
Adm.
admiration (note of),
see punctuation, XVII.
ad misericordiam (Lat.),
appealing to pity.
admix., administratrix.
ad modum (Lat.), after the
manner of.
ADMOWITOB — ^SCHYIiUS
admonitor*, not -er.
admor., administrator.
ad nauseam (Lat.), to a
sickening degree.
ado*, work, trouble (one
word).
Adonai* (Heb.), the Lord.
adorsed, use add- *.
ad I patres (Lat.), dead ;
— quod damnum, to
what damage; — refer-
endum, for further con-
sideration ; — rem, to
the point.
adresse (Fr. f.), address.
h dro/te (Fr.), to the right.
adscititious *, not asci-.
adscrlptus glebas (Lat.),
a serf.
adsum (Lat.), I am pre-
sent.
ad summum (Lat.), to
the highest point.
a due (It.), in two parts.
adulator*, not -er.
adj unguem (Lat.), per-
fectly; — unum omnes,
all, to a man ; —
usum, according to cus-
tom.
adv., adverb, adverbially,
advocate.
adv., adversus (against).
ad valorem* (Lat.), accord-
ing to value ; abbr. ad val.
advancement *.
adverb/, -ially, abbr. adv.
ad verbum (Lat.), to a
word, verbally.
adversaria* (Lat. pi.), jot-
tings.
adversus (Lat.), against ;
abbr. adv,
advertise*, not -ize.
advertisement*, abbr.
ad., or advt., pi. ads.,
or advts. ; in Fr. f.
annonce.
adj vitam aut culpam
(Lat.), for Hfetime or until
fault ; — Vivum, lifelike.
advocate, abbr. adv.
Advocates (Faculty
of)*, the Bar of Scotland,
advocatus diaboli (Lat.),
an adverse critic(not itr.I. ).
advt./, -S., advertisement, -s.
JE, "third-class" ships in
"Lloyd's Register."
SB (ligature). The ligatures
X, or, for single sounds
are in England employed
in Danish, English,
French, Greek, Latin, and
Old-English words. The
separate letters ag, oe,
should be used in new
classical books, and in
German (see also A', a).
SBdile*, not e-.
.^gean Sea, the eastern
part of the Mediterranean.
SBgis*, a shield, protection,
not e-.
aegrescitque medendo
(Lat.),and he grows worse
with the remedy.
asgrotjat* (Lat.), he is ill ;
pi. -ant,
A.E.I.O.U., Austria Est
Intperator Orbis Universi
(Austria is the ruler of
the whole earth).
.ffimilius.
.^neas.
-ffineld*, not E-.
aBolian*, not eo-.
8BOn *, an age, not eon.
SBpyornis (zool.), not epi-,
epy-.
asquales (Lat.), equal,
equals ; abbr. £eq,
wqu ant miter (Lat.), com-
posedly.
asquo animo (Lat.), with
an equable mind.
A.E.R.A., Associate En-
graver Royal Academy.
aer/ate*, etc., -ial*, -ie*,
-ify*, -obic, -onaut*,
not a6-.
aeroplane*, a kite-like
machine.
aery, ws^ aerie*.
ass I allenum (Lat.), debt ;
— triplex, a strong de-
fence.
^schylus.
i
-ffiSCULAPIUS — A HAUTE
^sculapi/us *, -an*.
iEsop.
aesthete*, etc., not e-.
8estiv/al*, -ation*, not e-.
S£t, orastat., anno sttatis sux
(of age, aged).
SBther, space-medium, use
e-*.
aetiology*, not e-.
J&tTLB,, use Etna.
A.-F., Anglo-French;
A.F.A., Associate of the
Faculty of Actuaries ;
A.F.A.M., Ancient Free
and Accepted Masons ;
A.P.B.S., American and
Foreign Bible Society ;
A.F.C.U., American and
Foreign Christian Union.
aff,, affirmative, affirming.
affaire] d' amour (Fr. f.),
love affair ; — de cosurf
affair of the heart; —
d'honneur, duel.
afflcbje (Fr. f.), placard,
* poster ; -^e, posted up.
affidavit, abbr. aflFt.
affiljS (Fr.), sharp; -/<«,
affiliated.
affranchise*, not-ize.
affreujxjem. -se, frightful.
afft., affidavit.
Afghanistan, abbr. Af-
ghan,
afield * (one word).
afondl(Fr.), thoroughly; —
— de train, at full speed.
h forfait, by contract.
a fortiori* (Lat.), with
stronger reason, not a —
(not ital.).
Afr., Africa, -n.
Afridi, race of Cent. Asia,
not -eedee.
afternoon, abbr. aft., or
p.m.
afterthought * (one word).
Ag, argeniunt (silver).
A.G. (Ger.), Aktiengesell-
schaft (joint-stock com-
pany).
A.-G., Adjutant -General,
Agent-General (of Colo-
nies), Attorney-General.
agacerie (Fr. f.), allure-
ment.
Agadah, ws^Haggadah*.
agate*(Amer. ty p. ), a size of
type as this, five and lialf point,
about thirteen lines to the inch,
h gauclie (Fr.), to the left,
ageing*, not agi-.
agend/um, a thing to be
done ; pi. -a (not ital.).
h genoux (Fr.), kneeling,
agent, abbr. agt.
Agent - General, abbr.
A.-G.
ages (typ.), to be printed in
figures; but "he died in
his fortieth year."
aggrandize*, not-ise.
aggression, in Fr. f.
agression,
agistor*, not -er.
agitat/or*, not -er; /em.
-rix.
aglet*, not ai-.
aglow* (one word).
agneau (Fr. m.), lamb.
Agnostic/*, -ism* (cap.),
agonize*, «o/-ise.
agouti*, not-y, aguti.
agraffe*, a clasp ; in Fr. f.
agrafe.
agrarianize *, not -ise.
agreeable.in Fr.agrSable.
agrSments (Fr. m.), com-
forts.
agric, agriculture, -al, -ist.
agriculturist*, «o/ -alist.
A.G.S.S., American Geo-
graphical and Statistical
Society,
agt., agent.
A.H., anno Hegirx{A.x>. 622),
the Moham. era (s.caps.).
ah, when it stands alone,
takes a mark of exclama-
tion (!). When it forms
part of a sentence, it is
usually followed by a
comma, the ! being
placed at the end of the
sentence : as "Ah, no, it
cannot be ! "
aha, use ha-ha *.
a liaute voix (Fr.), aloud.
A.H.C.— A IiA
A.H.C., Army Hospital
Corps.
a.b.L, ad huttc locum (on
this passage).
Ahmed/abad, -nagar,
India, «o/ Ahmad-, Amed-.
A.H.M.S., American Home
Mission Society.
AhrimaiijZoroastrian spirit
of evil.
A.H.S., anno humanx salutis
(in the year of human
salvation) (s.caps.).
a.b.v,, ad hanc vocem (at
this word).
A.I., American Institute ;
A. I., anno inventionis (in
the year of the discovery)
(s.caps.) ; A.I.A., Asso-
ciate of the Institute of
Actuaries, American In-
stitute of Architecture ;
A.I.C., Associate of the
Institute of Chemistry.
"Aida," opera by Verdi,
1 87 1 (no diaeresis).
aide (Ft. m.), assistant;
(f.) help.
aide - de - camp * abbr.
A.D.C.;/'/.aidea .
aide-memoire (Fr. m.), aid
to memory ; pi. aides .
A.I.G., Assistant-Inspec-
tor-General.
aiglet, «s(f aglet*.
aigrel'doux (Fr.), fem. —
-douce, sour-sweet.
aigrette*, a spray, «o/ ei-,
-et {see also egret*).
A.I.Q-.T., Association for
the Improvement of Geo-
metrical Teaching.
Ailesbury (Marquess
of) {see also Ayl-).
aimable (Fr.), amiable.
A.I.M.iB., Associate of the
Institute of Mining En-
gineers ; American Insti-
tute of Mining Engineers.
A. I. Mech. E., Associate
. of the Institution of Me-
chanical Engineers.
ain]S{Fr.),/em. -ee, elder,
senior; opposed to pufaS,
fem. puinSe, or cadetj,
'te, younger.
Air (Point of), N. Wales
{see also Ayre).
air noble {Ft. m.), air of
distinction,
ait, use eyot*.
Aix - la • Chapelle, pron.
ax (hyphens).
Aix-les-Bains (hyphens).
a jamais (Fr.), for ever.
Ajax, pi. Ajaxes.
ajutage, use adj-*.
A.K.C., Associateof King's
College (London).
Akestes, use Acestes.
a-kimbo* (hyphen).
Alckolade (Ger. typ.), a
brace (cap.).
Akkra, Upper Guinea, not
Accra, Acra.
Aktiengesellscbaft (Ger.
f.), joint-stock company;
abbr. A.Q.
Al*, aluminium.
a./. (Fr.), apres livraison',
after delivery (of goods).
A.Xj.A., American Library
Association.
Ala., Alabama (oflf. abbr.).
a 1* abandon {Ft.), uncared
for, at random.
h laj belle Stoile (Fr.),
in the open air ; — —
bonne beurel well and
good ; campagne,
in the country ; — —
carte, as the bill of fare.
Aladdin, not Alladin.
a laj fran^aise (Fr.), in
French style (not cap. ) ; —
— grecque, — Greek —
(not cap. ) ; — - bauteur
de, on a level with ;
lettre, literally ;
main, at hand, ready ; —
— mode*, in fashion ; h\
Vanglaise, in the English
style (not cap.) ; — Van-
tique, — antique style;
h laj parisienne, in the
Parisian style (not cap.) ;
russe, — Russian
style (not cap.).
AIjAS. — AliliAHABAB
Alas.; Alaska.
alas, when it stands alone,
takes a mark of exclama-
tion (!). When it forms
part of a sentence, to
be followed by a comma,
the ! being placed at the
end of the sentence : as,
"Alas, it is true !"
Alb., Albanian.
Alban., signature of Bp. of
St. Albans (full point).
albatross*, not -os.
Albert note, 6 x sVa in. ;
envelopes 4^/4 x 3^/4 in.
Albin (A.), 1848-, chess
player.
albin/o*, pL -os*, /em.
-ess*, -ism*, «o/-oism.
Albrighton, Salop.
Alb Sunday, first after
Easter (caps.).
album/*, scrapbook ; pi.
-s*.
album/en*, natural white
of egg; -in*, its chief con-
stituent; adj. -inous*.
Albury, Surrey.
AlcsBUS of Mytilene.
alcayde*, a governor, not
-ade, -aide ; in Sp. al-
caide.
Aleestis, not Alk-.
Alcibiades, not Alk-.
alcoholize*, «o^ -ise.
Alcoran, use Koran *.
Alcyone, pron. al-sy'o-nS.
Aldborough, Norfolk,
Yorks.
Aldbrough, Yorks.
Aldbury, Hereford.
Aldeburgh, Suffolk.
Alderbury, Wilts.
Alderman, abbr. Aid.
Alderney, Channel Isles.
Alds"Worth, Gloucester.
Aldus Manutius, see
Manutius.
Aldworth, Berks.
Alectryon (myth.), pron.
a-lek'tre-5n,
ale-house * (hyphen).
Alembert, see d*Al-.
Alencon lace (c).
k Vespagnole (Fr.), in
Spanish fashion (not cap.).
Ale the a.
Aleutian Isles, Bering
Sea.
Alex., Alexander.
a rextSrieur (Fr.), on the
outside.
Alford, Aberdeen, Lines.
Alfred, abbr. A., or Alf.
alfresco* (one word, not
ital.).
Alg., Algernon, Algiers,
alg/a* (bot.), pi. -SB* (not
ital.). '
algebra, abbr. alg. {set also
mathematics),
algology* (bot.).
Algonkin (U.S.A.), not
-quin.
alia (Lat.), other things.
alias]* (Lat.), otherwise;
pi. -es.
alibi/*, elsewhere ; pi. -s.
alienator*, not -er.
alieni appetens (Lat.),
greedy of another's pos-
sessions.
Aligarh, N.W. India.
Alighieri, family name of
Dante,
align, use aline *.
alii (Lat.), other people,
alimentativeness*, not
alimentive-.
Ali Messjid, Afghanistan,
aline/*, -ment*, «o/ align.
alinSa (Fr. m.), paragraph.
k r intSrieur {FT.),indooTs.
alio intuitu (Lat.), from
another point of view.
Alipur, India.
aliquid (Lat.), something,
somewhat.
alii US (Lat.), another per-
son ; pi. -/.
Ali^wal, Punjab, also S.
Africa,
alkali/*, //. -s*.
alkalize*, «o/-ise.
Alkestis, use Ale-.
Alkoran, use Koran*.
Alladin, use Aladdin.
Allahabad, N.W. India.
AIiIiAN — ALTOGETHER
Allan-a-Dale, minstrel
hero.
alia Ventura (It.), at a
venture.
allSe (Fr. f.), alley, avenue.
Allegany, Pennsylvania.
allegement*.
Alleghany, mountains and
river, U.S.A. But Alle-
gheny City.
allegorize*, «o/-ise.
Alleluia *, more usually
HaUelujah*.
Allen V. Flood, trade
union case.
Allendale, Northumb.
alleviator *, not -er.
allez vous en! (Fr.), be-
gone ! (no hyphen).
All Fools* Day* (caps., no
hyphen).
All-Hallows, All Saints'
Day, I Nov. (caps., hy-
phen).
AllhaUows, near Roches-
ter (one word).
allineation*. Ko/alin-.
alliterator*, not -er.
allonge (Fr. typ. f.), a fly-
leaf.
allonsl (Fr.), let us go,
come !
allonym*, a pseudonym.
allot/*, -table*, -ted*,
-ting*.
air ottava (mus.), an
octave higher than
written ; abbr. all* Ott
all right, not alright, all-
right.
all round* (" all round the
Wrekin ")•
all-round* ("an all-round
man").
AU/ Saints* Day*, i Nov.;
— Souls College, Ox-
ford (no ^os.) ; — Souls*
Day *, 2 Nov. ; — Souls*
Eve*, I Nov. (caps.,
no hyphens),
allspice* (one word).
all together* (in a body) ;
but altogether* (en-
tirely).
alluvi/um*, pi. -a*.
Alma Mater*, fostering
mother, one's university,
almanac*, but "Oxford,**
also «Whitaker*s,** Al-
manack.
Alma Tadema (Sir
Lawrence), 1836-1912,
painter ; — (Miss
Laurence), writer.
Almighty (the) (cap.).
Almondbury, Yorks ;
proH. am'b6-r6.
Almondsbury, Glos.
Alnmouth, Northumb.
Aln'wick,Northumberland;
pron. an'ik {see also
Anwick).
A.L.O.E., A Lady of
England (Charlotte M.
Tucker, 1821-93).
alouette (Fr. f.), lark
^ (bird).
a Voutrance should be h
outrance, to the utmost,
to the death.
aloyau (Fr. m.), sirloin of
beef.
Alpes-Maritimes, dep.
France.
Alphaeus, Apostle James's
father.
Alpheus River.
Alresford, Essex, Hants.
A.L.S. *, Associate of the
Linnean Society ; auto-
graph letter signed,
alt., alternate, altitude.
Alt,, Altesse (Highness).
Alta., Alberta, Canada.
Altenburg, Saxe-Alten-
burg, Bavaria, Hungary,
Prussia.
alter] ego (Lat.), one's
second self; — idem,
another self.
Altesse (Fr. £), Highness;
abbr. Alt.
Altezza (It.), Highness.
Althorpe, Lines.
Althorp Library and
Park (Northants).
altitude, abbr. alt.
alto/* (mus. ),/>/. -s; abbr. A.
ALTO — ANABAPTIZB
alto-rilievo/, pi. -s (not
ital.).
altruize*, not -ise.
aluminium *, symbol Al *.
alumn}us*i pi. -/*, /em.
-a, pi. -ie; abbr. alum,
Aiwa, Bombay.
Alwar, Rajpootana.
A.M.*, Artium Magtster
(Master oi PLVis); Ave Ma-
ria (Hail Mary !) (caps.).
A.M.*, anno tnundi (in
the year of the world)
(s.caps.).
a.ra. *, anie nteridiem (be-
fore noon) (lower case).
am.all * (Ind.), wet-nurse.
Araalek, not -ech, -eck.
amantjf a lover, pi. -s ;fem.
-e, pi. -es.
amantiutn irss (Lat),
lovers' quarrels.
amanuens/is*, pi. -es*.
amarJ aiiquid (Lat.),
something bitter.
amateur, abbr. A.
a maximis ad minima
(Lat.), from the greatest
to the smallest.
Amballa, India, not Um-.
Am.bo3nia*, «o/-ina.
A.M.D., Army Medical
Department.
amej damnSe (Fr.), a
"cat's paw"; — deboue,
a base, ungenerous spirit.
Amednagar, N.W. India,
use Alim.ed-.
Ameer*, not Amir, Emir.
amende honorable (Fr.
f.), honourable repara-
tion.
a mensa et toro (Lat.),
from bed and board, not
thoro.
ame perdue (Fr.), a des-
perate character.
Amer., America, -n.
Americanize*, wo/ -ise.
a merveille (Fr.), per-
fectly, wonderfully.
A.M.I. C.E., see Assoc. M.
Inst.C.E.
amicus curias (Lat.), a
friend of the Court, a dis*
interested adviser.
A.M.I.H.E., Associate
Member of the Institution
of Electrical Engineers.
A. M. I. Mech. £., Associ-
ate Member of the Institu-
tion of Mechanical Engi-
neers.
Am/ir, use -eer *.
Ammergau, Bavaria.
ammeter * (elec. \ formerly
amperemeter.
amo8b/a, pi. -ae (not itaL).
a moitiS (Fr.), half.
amorl patriae {Lsit.)j\ovGoi
one s country ; — sceler-
atus habendi, accursed
love of possessing.
amour-propre * (not ital.).
Ampere (A. M.), 1775-
1836, electrician (accent).
amper/e, -age, elec. unit
(no accent) ; abbr. amp.
ampersand* = &, may be
used in names of firms
as Smith & Co., but not
at the beginning or end
of lines; etc. preferred
to &c.
amphibi/um *,/)/. -a*.
amphor/a*, ajar; pi. -ae*.
Amritsar, India, not Um-
ritsur.
amuck*, «o/-ock, -ok,-uk.
Amur, Siberia, not -oor.
an, not a, before all words
beginning with a vowel
(not having the sound of
w, wh, or y), silent h, or
aspirated h when the ac-
cent is not upon the first
syllable of the word, as :
an harmonious, an heir,
-loom, an heraldic, an
hereditary, an heroic, an
historian, an historical, an
honest, an honour, -able,
an horizontal, an hotel,
an hour, -glass. {See also
** a, not an,'*)
A.-K"., Anglo-Norman.
ana * , sayings.
anabaptize*, «o/-ise.
ANACOIiTTTHON" — ANGOULEMB
anacoluth/on* (gram.), />/.
-a*, «o/ -outhon, -kolou-
thon, -luthon.
Anacr., Anacreon, -tic.
ansBmia*.
anaesthetize*, «o^ -ise.
anal., analogy, -ous,
analyse, -r,-is,analytic,-al.
analogous, abbr. anal.
analogy, abbr. anal.
analys/e*, -er* -is*, pi.
-es; abbr. anal.
analjrtie/, -al ; abbr. anal.
Anam, Siam, not Ann-.
anamorphos/is*, pi. -es.
anapaest*, a reversed dac-
tyl, not -pest.
anastomos/is*, pi. -es*.
anat., anatomy, -ical, -ist.
anathematize*, not -ise.
anatomize*, «o/-ise.
anatom/y, -leal, -ist ;
abbr. anat.
anatta* (bot.), Ko/amotto.
ancestress*, «o^-trix.
anchorite*, not -et.
anchylosis *, not ank-.
ancienne noblesse (Fr.
f.), the old nobility.
ancien regime (Fr. m.),
the old order of things.
ancient, abbr. anc.
" Ancient Mariner ' *
(Rime of the), by S. T.
Coleridge, 1798.
Ancient Order of
Druids, abbr. A.O.D. ;
ditto Foresters, A.O.F.;
ditto Hibernians,
A.O.H.
ancle, use ankle *.
and (gram.), when and]o\ns
two or more subjects in
the singular number the
verb must be in the pi., as
Jack and Gill are going.
Where and joins two
single words the comma is
generally omitted.
*«and**or««, and" The late
Herbert Spencer allowed
me to quote from his
letter : — " whether to
write 'black, white, and
green,* with the comma
after white, or to leave out
the comma and write
'black, white and green'
— I very positively de-
cide in favour of the first.
To me the comma is of
value as marking out the
component elements of a
thought, and where any
set of components of a
thought are of equal value,
they should be punctuated
in printing and in speech
equally. Evidently there-
fore in this case, inasmuch
as when enumerating
these colours black, white,
and green, the white is
just as much to be
emphasized as the other
two, it needs the pause
after it just as much as the
black does."
and, see also ampersand.
Andersen(HansC.),i8o5-
75, writer of fairy tales.
Andrea del Sarto, 1486-
1531, It. painter.
•*Andria,**play by Terence.
Androcles, not -kles.
Attfangsbucbstabe (Ger.
typ. m.), initial letter.
Anfubrungs2eicben(Ger.
n.), quotation marks.
Angelico (Fra), 1387-
1455, It. painter.
anglais I (Fr.), /ent. -e,
English (not cap.).
angle, the sign Z ; angle
between two lines A ;
right angle L ; two right
angles _L.
Anglesea, Wales, not -ey.
Anglesey (Marquess of).
anglice, in English (no
accent) ; abbr. angl.
anglicize*, not -ise (not
cap.).
Anglo/-French, abbr.
A.-F. ; — -Norman,
abbr. A.-N. ; • Saxon,
abbr. A.-S.
Angouleme, dep. France.
ANaSTROM — ANTITHESIS
Angstr6m(A.J.),i8i4-74,
chemist ; pron. Ong'strom.
anguis in berba (Lat.),
snake in the grass,
animalcule/*,/)/. -s, not-se.
animalculjum, pi. -a *.
ankle*, not anc-.
Anmerkungen (Ger. f.),
notes (cap.) ; abbr. Antn.
ann., annales, annals, anni
(years), annual,
anna/*, i6 to rupee; pi. -s.
annales {Fr. pi. f.), annals;
abbr. ann.
annals, abbr. ann.
Ann Arbor, U.S.A.
"Anne of Geierstein,'*
by Sir W. Scott, 1829.
Anne (Queen), 1665-1714.
Anne (Saint).
annoj (Lat.), in the year,
abbr. ann, ; — astatis
suaSf aged, abbr. ast,, or
astat ; — Domini (cap.
_ Z)),abbr. A.D.(s.caps.),to
be placed 6^;fer^ the figures;
— bumanas salutis,
in the year of human
salvation, abbr. A.H.S. ;
— tnundi, in the year
of the world, abbr. A.M.
(s.caps.); —post Cbris-
tum natum, in the year
after the birth of Christ,
abbr. A.P.C.N. (s.caps.) ;
— post Romam con-
ditam, in the year after
the building of Rome,
754 B.C., abbr. A.P.R.C.
(s.caps.) ; — salutis, in
the year of salvation,
abbr. A.S. (s.caps.).
annos vixit (Lat.), he, or
she, lived so many years;
abbr. a,v,
annotat/ed*, -or*, not-er;
abbr. annot.
annoyed by complaints
means if they should be
made ; annoyed with — ,
that they are made.
annual, abbr. ann.
Annunciation Day, 25
March.
annjas (Lat.), year ; pi. -/.
anonymous, abbr. anon.
answer, abbr. ans.
answers (typ. ), commence
a new paragraph in print-
ing legal work ; in official
work (committees and
commissions) they follow
after an era dash in same
paragraph.
Ant., Anthony, Antigua.
ant., antonym.
Antaeus.
antagonize*, not -ise.
Antarctic regions.
antel (Lat.), before ; — bel-
lum, before the war.
antechamber*, «o/anti-.
ante diem (Lat.), before
the day; abbr. a.d,
antediluvian *,
antefix/ (arch.), pL -es.
antej litem motam (Lat. ),
before litigation com-
menced; — lucem, before
the light.
antemeridian * (one
word).
ante meridiem (Lat.), be-
fore noon ; abbr. a.m.
antenn/a* (zool.),/>/. -se*.
ante- room* (hyphen).
Anthony, abbr. Ant.
anthropolog/y, -ieal ;
abbr. anthrop.
anthropomorphize*, not
-ise.
anthropophag/us*, pl.-i*,
anticline* (geol.).
Antigua, abbr. Ant.
antimony*, symbol Sb*.
antipathize *, not -ise.
antiq., antiquary, -ian.
antiqs., antiquities.
Antigua (Ger. typ. f.), ro-
man type (cap.).
antisabbatarian * (one
word).
Anti-Semite (caps., hy-
phen).
Antisthenes.
antistrophon*, a retort.
antisyzygy*.
antithes/is*, pi. -es*.
13
ANTITHESIZE — APPAL
antithesize *, not -ise.
anti-tobaceoist, not -nist.
antitype *, not ante-.
antonym*, a word of oppo-
site meaning ; abbr. ant.
Anvers, Seine-et-Oise, Fr.
Anvers, Fr. for Antwerp.
Anverse, Maine-et-Loire,
France.
Anwick, Lines {see also
Alnwick).
anybody*, any person.
any body*, any number of
persons.
anyhow* (one word).
anyone* (any person).
any one* (of a collection).
any/thing *, -where * (one
word).
Anzeige] (Ger. f.), notice,
advertisement ; pi. -n,
A.O., Army Order ; A.O.C.,
— Ordnance Corps ;
A.O.D., — Ordnance De-
partment, Ancient Order
of Druids ; A.O.P., ditto
Foresters ; A.O.H., ditto
Hibernians ; A.O.S., ditto
Shepherds.
aorist, abbr. aor.
aort/a* (anat), pi. -ae.
A.O.S.E., American Order
of Stationary Engineers.
A.O.S.S., Americanx Ori-
tntalis Societatis Socius
(Fellow of the American
Oriental Society).
A.O.tT., American Ornith-
ologists' Union.
aoiit (Fr. m.), August (not
cap.).
a outrance (Fr.), to the
bitterend, wo/al'outrance.
A.P., Associated Presby-
terian ; a.p., above proof,
author'sproof ; Ap., Apos-
tle ; A.P.A., American
Protestant Association.
Apache, U.S.A.
apanage*, wo/app-.
apart (Fr.), apart.
apartment, in Fr. m. ap-
partement.
A.P.C.N., anno post Christutn
nattim (in the year after
the birth of Christ).
ap/e*, -ed*, -ing*, -ish*.
A.P.D., Army Pay Depart-
ment.
Apennines, Italy (three
n's).
aperqu (Fr. m.), outline (f\
k peu de frais (Fr.), at
cost ; apeuprds, nearly.
apex/*, pi. -es*.
aphaeretic*.
aphorize *, not -ise.
aphthong*, a mute letter.
k pied (Fr.), on foot.
a plaisir (Fr.), at pleasure.
aplanatic* (optics), with-
out error.
aplomb*, self-possession.
Apocalypse*, abbr. Apoc.
Apocrypha* (cap. A);
abbr. Apocr. (for abbr. of
books see under names).
apodictic*, not -deictic.
apogee* (astr.), abbr. apog.
Apollo Belvedere, not —
Belvi-.
apologize*, not -ise.
apophthegm*, not apoth-.
apostasy *, not -cy.
apostatize*, not -ise.
a posteriori * not a — (not
ital.).
Apostle, abbr. Ap.,/>/. App .
Apostles* Creed (caps.).
Apostropbj (Ger. m.), apos-
trophe; pi. -en (cap.).
apostrophe, see posses-
sive case, punctua-
tion II, quotations.
apostrophize *, not -ise.
apothecaries weight,
signs : f7i minim ; ^ scru-
ple ; 3 drachm ; | ounce ;
lb. pound. Quantities
in lower-case letters : if
quantity ends with i, final
I becomes/, as vij = 7.
apothegm, use apo-
phthegm *.
apotheos/is *, pi. -es.
App., Apostles.
app., appendix.
appal/*, -led*, -ling*.
14
APPAIiACHIAKT — ARCH^OIiOGY
Appalachian Mts., E.
North America.
appanage, use apa-*.
apparatus*, sing, and pL,
not -i (a useful synonym
" appliances").
apparel/*, -led*, -ling*.
apparitor* not -en
appartement (Fr. m.),
apartment.
appeasement*, «o^sment.
append/ix, abbr. app. ;
general pL -ixes*, zool.
pi. -ices *, abbr. apps.
appetize*, not -ise.
applIqujS* (Ft.), /em. -Se ;
appliqued*.
appreciator*, not -er.
apprentice, abbr, appr.
apprise * (to inform).
apprize* (to value).
appro., approbation.
approver* (law).
approximat/e, -ely, -ion;
abbr. approx.
A.P.R.C., anno post Romant
conditam (in the year after
the building of Rome, 754
B.C.) (s.caps.).
apr^s] (Fr.), after, what
next ? — coup, too late ;
— livraison, after de-
livery (of goods), abbr.
a./. ; tnidif afternoon
(hyphen) ; — moi {or
nous) le dSIuge, after
me (or us) the deluge.
April (typ.), not to be ab-
breviated; in Fr. avrH
(not cap.).
a prima vista (It.), at first
sight.
a primo (Lat.), from the
first ; a principiOy from
the beginning; a priori*,
deductively, not a — (not
ital).
h propos usual, but apro-
pos*; h propos de
bottes (Fr.), beside the
mark.
A.P.S., Aborigines Pro-
tection Society, American
Peace Society, American
Protestant Society, Asso-
ciate of the Pharmaceu-
tical Society.
apse* (arch.), pi. apses*.
apsis* {sLstr.),pl. apsides*,
pron. ap-sT'des.
A.P.U.C., Association for
PromotingUnity of Christ-
endom.
apud (Lat.), according to, in
the work, or works, of.
aq., aqua (water).
A.Q.C., Associate of
Queen'sCollege (London^
A.Q.M.G., Assistant-Quar-
termaster-General.
aquarium/*, pi. -s*.
a quatre mains (Fr. mus.),
for two performers.
A.R., anno regni (in the year
of the reign) (s.caps.).
A.K.A., Associate of the
Royal Academy, London.
Arabi/a, -an, -c; abbr.
Arab.
•'Arabian N"ights*Enter-
tainments (The).»»
arable numerals, figures
used in ordinary computa-
tion, as I, 2, 3 (not cap.).
arach:, arachnology.
araeostyle* (arch.).
Aragon, not Arr-.
A.R.A.M., Associate of the
Royal Academy of Music.
Aramaic*, Semitic dialect ;
abbr. Aram.
arbiter elegantiarum
(Lat.), a judge of taste.
arboriculture, abbr. ar-
bor.
arc *, sign ^.
Arcades ambo (Lat.), two
with like tastes.
A.R.C.E., Academical
Rank of Civil Engineer.
arc-en-ciel (Fr. m.), rain-
bow ; pi. arcs .
Arch., Archibald.
arch., archaic, -ism,
archery, archipelago,
architect, -ural, -ure.
arch8Bolog/y *, -leal * ;
abbr. archsBol.
15
AKCHAKTGEIi — AKMY
archangel* (one word).
Archbishop, abbr. Abp.
Archd., Archdeacon, Arch-
duke.
archetype*, «o/archi-.
archidiaconal*, not ar-
chide-.
archipelago/*, pi. -s*;
abbr. arch.
architect/, -ural, -ure;
abbr. arch.
arcking, not arc-.
A.R.C.M., Associate of the
Royal College of Music ;
A.R.C.O., ditto Organ-
ists ; A.R.C.S., ditto
Science.
Arctic regions (cap. A).
Ardleigh, near Colchester.
Ardley, near Bicester.
A.R.E., Associate of the
Royal Society of Painter-
Etchers.
k reculons (Fr.), back-
wards.
aren't (typ.), to be close
up.
areol/a*, a small area; pi.
-ae* (not ital.).
Arequipa, S. Amer.
k rez de cbaussee (Fr.),
on the ground floor.
argel, a shrub, not -hel.
argent comptant (Ft. m.),
ready money.
argentum, silver, symbol
Ag (no point).
argot*, slang (not ital.).
argumentum adj cru-
tnenam, argument to the
purse ; boc, — for
this (purpose) ; bo-
minettty — to the man's
interests ; — — igno-
rantianif — based on the
adversary's ignorance ; —
— invidiam, — to men's
hatreds or prejudices ; —
— rem, — to the purpose ;
— — verecundiam,
appeal to modesty; ar-
gumentum baculinum
(Lat.), argument of the
stick, club-law.
Argyle/ (Minnesota); —
Place, W.C. ; — Road,
E. and N.E. ; — Square,
W.C.;— Street, W.C.
Argyll/ and the Isles
(Bp. of) ; — (Duke of ;
— Place, W. ; — Road,
W. ; — Street, W.
Argyllshire, abbr. Argyl.
A.R.H.A., Associate of the
Royal Hibernian Acad-
emy; A.R.I.B.A., ditto
Royal Institute of British
Architects.
Arian* (theol.), a follower
of Arius.
Ariege, France.
Aristotelean*, not -ian.
arithmetic/, -al, -ian ;
abbr. arith.
Ariz., Arizona (oflf.abbr.).
Ark., Arkansas (oflf. abbr.).
ark of the Covenant*
(cap. C only).
Arlay, dep. Jura, France.
Arle, Glos.
Aries, dep. Bouches-du-
Rh6ne, France.
arles* (Sc), an earnest.
Arm., Armenia©, Armoric
armadillo/ *, pi. -s *.
arm-chair * (hyphen).
Armenian*, of Armenia.
armes blancbes (Fr.), side
arms — bayonet, sabre,' or
sword.
armful/*, pi. -s.
Arminians, followers of
Arminius.
armourer-serjeant, abbr.
armr.-seijt.
Army (Navy and), in
toasts, etc., the Navy be-
ing the senior service is
placed first.
Army/ Hospital Corps,
A.BL.C. ; — Medical
Department, A.M.D. ;
Staff, A.M.S. ;
— Nursing Service,
A.N.S.;— Order, A.O.;
— Ordnance Corps,
A.O.C. ; Depart-
ment, A.O.D.; — Pay
x6
ARMY — A.S.C.E.A.
Department, A.P.D. ;
Army/ Service Corps,
A.S.C. ; — Veterinary-
Department, A.V.D.
Arnold- Porster (H. O.),
1 855- 1 909, statesman (hy-
phen).
arnotto, use anatta *.
Arola, Piedmont.
AroUa, Switzerland.
Arolo, Lombardy.
aroma/*, pi. -s.
Aroostook, Canada.
A.R.P., Associated Re-
formed Presbyterian.
arquebus, use har-*.
A.R.R., anno regni Regis or
Reginse (in the year of the
King's or Queen's reign)
(3. caps.).
arr., arranged, arrive, -ed,
-es, -als.
arrectis auribus (Lat.),
with ears erect.
arrlerel 'garde (Fr. f.),
rearguard ; — -pensSe,
a mental reservation,
pi. -S.
arriv/e, -ed, -es, -als;
abbr. arr.
*• Arrows of the Chace,"
by Ruskin, not Chase.
A.R.S.A., Associate of the
Royal Scottish Academy,
Associate of the Royal
Society of Arts.
arsenic*, symbol As *.
ars est celare artem
(Lat.), the art is to conceal
art.
A.II.S.Xj., Associate of the
Royal Society of Litera-
ture ; A.R.S.M., ditto
School of Mines {now
Royal College of Science).
art., article, artificial, ar-
tillery, artist.
** Artemis Prologizes**,
by R. Browning.
Arthez, dep. Basses- Py-
renees.
Arthies,dep. Seine-et-Oise.
arthropod/*, pi. -s*, Lat.
pi. -a*.
articbaut (Fr. m.), arti-
choke.
article, abbr. art.
article de fond (Fr. m ),
newspaper leading article.
articles of roup (Sc. law),
conditions of sale.
articles (titles of), when
cited, to be roman double-
quoted.
artificial, abbr. art.
artificialize*, Mo^-ise.
artillery, abbr. A., or
art.
artisan *, not -zan.
artist*, " one who practises,
or is skilled in any art "
(O.E.D.) ; abbr. art.
artiste*, "a public per-
former who appeals to the
sesthetic faculties, also one
who makes a 'fineart' of his
employment" (O.E.D.).
Use artist (not ital.).
artist's proof, see proofs
of engravings.
A.R.TJ., American Railway
Union.
Arundel (Earl of).
Arundell of "Wardour
(Baron).
Arva, Cavan, not Arvagh.
A.R."W.S., Associate of
the Royal Water-Colour
Society.
Aryan*, Indo-European,
not -ian.
A.S., Academy of Science;
assistant-secretary.
A.-S., Anglo-Saxon.
A.S., anno salutis (in the
year of salvation) (s.caps.).
As., Asia, -n, -tic.
As*, arsenic.
A.S.A., American Statis-
tical Association.
asafoetida*, not ass-.
Asbjornsen (P. C), 1812-
85, Norwegian writer.
A.S.C, Army Service
Corps; A.Sc, Associate
in Science ; A.S.C.E.A.,
American Society of Civil
Engineers and Architects.
17 2
ASCENDANCE — ASSEMBLIES
aseendan/ce *, -cy*, -t*,
not -ence, -cy, -t.
Ascension Day (caps.,
two words).
uscititions, use adsei-*.
Asclepiad*, mo/ Ask-.
A.S.E., Amalgamated So-
ciety of Engineers.
"as follows: — ** (colon,
dash only before new
paragraph).
A.S.G.B., Aeronautical So-
ciety of Great Britain.
Ashanti, W. Afr., not -ee.
Ashby - de - la - Zouch,
Leicester (hyphens).
ashlar* (arch.), not -er.
ashore* (one word).
ash-pit* (hyphen).
Ash-Wecbiesday (hyp.).
Asia/, -n, -tic, abbr. As.
as in prxsenti (Lat.), a
tnentoria technica of rudi-
ments.
A.S.M.E.,AmericanSociety
of Mechanical Engineers.
Asnidres, Paris suburb ;
pron. an'gair.
Asola, Lombardy ; pron.
as'6-la.
Asolo, Venetia ; pron.
as'6-lO.
A.S.P., Astronomical So-
ciety of the Pacific; Fr.
accepte sous protet (ac-
cepted under protest).
A.S.P.C.A., American So-
ciety for Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals.
asper*, Gr. breathing (').
asperge (Fr.f.), asparagus.
asperges *, holy - water
sprinkler.
asphalt*, not -e.
aspic*, apoisonousserpent,
the great lavender, a
savoury jelly, a piece of
light ordnance.
A.S.R.S., Amalgamated So-
ciety of Railway Servants.
assatbetida, use asa-*.
assagai*, not asse-, basse-.
assai/lant, in Fr.m. -Ilant
assassin*.
assault-at-arms (not of).
Ass.- Com.- Gen., Assist-
ant-Commissary-General,
assegai, use assagai*.
Assemblies, National
and Federal : —
America, U.S.A. — Con-
gress (Senate and House
of Representatives).
Australia : each Colony
and the Common-
wealth — Legislative
Council and Legisla-
tive Assembly.
Austria — Reichsrat (Up-
per and Lower House).
Belgium — Senate and
Chamber of Represent-
atives.
Brazil — General Assem-
bly (Senate and Cham-
ber of Deputies).
Bulgaria — Sobranje.
Canada — Parliament
(Senate and House of
Commons).
China — The Grand Cab-
inet, Grand Secretariat,
and the seven Boards.
Denmark — Rigsdag
(Landsting and Folke-
ting).
France — Senate and
Chamber of Deputies.
Germany — Reichstag and
Bundesrat ; Landtag
(Prussia and other
States).
Great Britain — Parlia-
ment (House of Lords,
House of Commons').
Greece — House of Re-
presentatives and the
Boule.
Holland — Staats-General
(First Chamber, Second
Chamber)
Hungary — Reichstag
(House of Magnates,
House of Represent-
atives).
Japan — Imperial Diet
(consisting of two
Houses).
z8
ASSEMBLIES — ASTRONOMY
Assemblies, INTational
and Federal {cont.) : —
Norway — Storthing( Lag-
thing and Odelsthing).
I'ortugal — Cortes (House
of Peers, House of Dep-
uties),
Russia — Council of the
Empire and Senate.
Servia — Skuptschina.
Spain— Cortes (Senate
and Chamber of Dep-
uties).
Sweden — Staatsrad and
Riksdag.
Switzerland — Federal As-
sembly (Standerat and
Nationalrat).
Assembly (Churches of
Scotland) (cap. A).
assenter* in law -or*.
asserter *, one who asserts.
assertor*, an advocate.
assess/able*, -or*.
asseir /»/e/i( Fr. ), fairly well.
assiettesi {Fr. cook. pi. f.),
plates ; — volantes, small
entries.
assignor*, "correlative
with assignee " (O.E.D.).
Assiniboia, Canada, not
Assinn-.
assistant, abbr. asst.
assist/er*, in law -or*.
assizer*, not -ser, -sor, -zor.
assizes* (law), pi. form
usual.
assoc, associate, -ion;
Assoc.Inst.C.E., Asso-
ciate of the Institution of
Civil Engineers ; Assoc.
M.Inst. C.E., Associate
Member; ditto (ofBc.
abbrs.) ; Assoc.Sc, As-
sociate in Science.
asst., assistant.
A.S.S.U., American Sun-
day School Union.
assuager*, not -or.
Assuan, Egypt, not the
many variations.
assurance*, "the present
usage is to differentiate
life assurance, and fire
and marine insurance''
(O.E.D.).
assurer*, "he who, or that
which, gives assurance "
(O.E.D.).
assuror*, " an under-
writer" (O.E.D.).
Assyr., Assyrian.
assythment* (Sc. law),
action for damages.
a-starboard (hyphen).
asterisk, in this work sig-
nifies spelling used in
the "Oxford English
Dictionary"; in college
lists of members, de-
ceased ; at end of news-
paper advts., paid ; in
R.C. Church books di-
vides each verse into
•' two parts, and marks the
responses ; (typ.) in sig-
natures, the cancels, cut-
offs, or third pages.
Asti, It. red wine.
astonied * (Bib.), be-
wildered.
astr., astronomy, -er.
Astrabad, Persia.
Astrakhan*, not -chan.
astrol., astrology, -er.
Astronomer Royal
(caps., no hyphen).
astronomy, abbr. astr.;
— planetary signs :
Sun, O ; Moon, new, ^ ;
Moon, first quarter, ]) ;
Moon, full, O ; Moon, last
quarter, C ; Mercury, ^ ;
Venus, $ ; Earth, ;
Mars, (J ; Jupiter, 1/ ;
Saturn, Pj » Uranus, ^ ;
Neptune, ^ ; asteroids in
order of discovery, Q, (2)
@, etc.; fixed star, :<(',
or% ; conjunction, (j ; op- '
position, § ; ascending
node, S3; descending node,
23'
— zodiacal signs :
Aries, T ; Taurus, Q ;
Gemini, n ; Cancer, © ;
19 2*
ASTRONOMY — AUNTIE
astronomy (cont).
Leo, £1 ; Virgo, llj^ ;
Libra, il ; Scorpio, TT^ ;
Sagittarius, $ ; Capri-
cornus, V^ ; Aquarius, xci. ;
Pisces, 7^ .
Asturias, Spain, not to
be preceded by "the."
A.T. (Ger.), Altes Testa-
ment (the Old — ).
at., atomic.
Atahualpa, the last Inca.
atar, use attar*.
AtchiiijSumatra, ms^ Ach-.
atelier*, studio (not ital.).
Athabasca, Canada ; abbr.
Ath.
a'thegither (Scotscolloq.).
atheize *, not -ise.
Atheling*, «o/Aeth-.
AthenaBum *.
Athol, Canada, New Zea-
land.
AthoU (Duke of).
Atl., Atlantic.
Atlas* (arch.), pi. At-
lantes*.
atonable *, not -eable.
k tort et a travers (Fr.),
at random.
k tout] prendre (Fr.), on
the whole; priXy
at any price.
atra Ciira(Lat.), black care.
a travers (Fr.), across.
A.T.S., American Temper-
ance Society, American
Tract Society, Associate
of Theological Study.
ats. (law), at suit of.
attache/*, pi. -s (not ital.).
attainer*, not -or.
attar* (as of roses), not
atar, otto, ottar.
Att.-Gen., Attorney-Gen-
eral.
' Attic salt*, delicate wit
(cap. A).
attitudinize*, not -ise.
attorn* (law), to transfer.
attorney, abbr. atty.
Attorney- G-eneral, abbr.
A.-G., or Att.-Gen.
attractor*, not -er.
Atw^ood's machine (phy-
sics), not Att-.
at. "wt., atomic weight.
Au, aurunt (gold).
A.IJ.A., American Unit-
arian Association.
auberge* (Fr. f.), an inn ;
aubergiste* (m. or fc),
inn-keeper.
Aubigne, dep. Deux-
Sevres.
Aubigny, dep. Nord.
A.U.C., anno urbis condiias (in
[the year from] the build-
ing of the city [Rome] in
754 B.C.) (s.caps.).
Auciinashellach, Ross-
shire, use Ach-.
auj contralre {Fr.), on the
contrary; — cottrantde,
fully acquainted with ; —
disespoir, in despair.
audi alteram partem
(Lat.), hear the other
side!
Auditor-General, abbr.
Aud.-Gen.
au fait* (Fr.), thoroughly
conversant with.
Auflagej (Ger.f.), an unal-
tered edition ; pi. -II (cap. ),
au fond (Fr.), at the bot-
tom.
Aug., August
aug., augmentative.
Augean* (cap.).
aught*, anything {see also
nau-).
auj grand serieux (Fr. ) , in
all seriousness ; — gra-
tiUy with grated bread or
cheese.
August, abbr. Aug.
Auld lang syne.
Auldlleekie*,01d Smoky,
that is Edinburgh.
«*Auld Robin Gray"
(Sc. ballad, 1772).
Aumale (due d*).
auj mieux (Fr.), very in-
timate; — nature!, in
its natural state.
auntie*, not -y.
so
AU PIED — AV.
aujpied de la lettre (Fr.),
literally; — pis aller,
should the worst come
to the worst.
au prix co&tant (Fr.), at
prime cost.
aurea mediocritas (Lat.),
the golden mean.
aureole*, a saint's " glory."
au teste (Fr.), besides.
au revoir (Fr.), till I see
you again (not ital.).
auri sacra fames (Lat.),
accursed thirst for gold.
auror/a austral/is*, />/. -as
-es; — boreal/is*, pl.'»
-es.
aurum*, gold, symbol Au.
Aus., Austria, -n.
au sirieux(Fr.), seriously.
Ausgabe (Ger. f.), revised
edition ;abbr.i4l/S5; (cap.).
Ausgleicbf ten-year treaty
between Aus. and Hun.
Ausrufungszeicben (Ger.
typ.n.), exclamation mark!
Austeii(Jane), 1775-1817,
author of *' Pride and
Prejudice," etc.
Austin (Alfred), 1835-,
Poet Laureate, 1896-.
Austral/ia, -ian, -asia,
-asian; abbr. Austral.
(see also Assemblies).
Austria, abbr. Aus.
Austria - Hungary, not
Austro- — ; in Ger. Os-
terreich-Ungarn.
Auteuil, Paris suburb.
auth., authentic, author,
-ess, -ity, -ized.
authorities at the end of
quotations, or notes : —
(1) Name of author in
roman lower-case.
(a) Name of book in roman
lower-case double-quot-
ed; and if one of a series,
the series should be
double-quoted.
Act and scene iii. 4.
Act, scene, and line
IV. 3. 45.
Book iii.
authorities, etc. {cont).
Book and line iii. 25.
Book, chapter, section,
and paragraph
I, II. §3> 1[4.
Canto XV.
Chapter xiv.
Chapter and verse, 11. 34.
Chapter, section, and
paragraph, vii. § 3, IF 4-
Line 1. 384.
Number and page, II, 34.
Page p. 213.
Paragraph ^ 68.
Part and chapter ii. 3.
Part, book, and chapter
II, IV. 12.
Part, canto, and stanza
II, IV. 12.
Section § 5.
Stanza st. 18.
Volume and chapter, IV, VI.
Volume and page, III, 32.
Volume, part, section, and
paragraph I, i. § 2, ^ 6.
authorize *, not -ise.
Authorized Version* (of
Bible) (caps.) ; abbr. A.V.
autochthon/*, a son of the
soil ; pi. -s*.
auto-da-fS* (Port.), pL
autoS'da-fS*; (Sp.) —
</e— *.
automat/on*, pi. -a *.
automobil/e, -ist.
autonomize*, not -ise.
autonym.*,a book published
under author's real name.
autore (It.), author ; abbr.
aut
autres temps, autres
moeurs (Fr. ), other times,
other manners,
autumn (not cap.).
auxabois (Fr.), to extrem-
ities, at bay.
auxiliary, abbr. auxil.
Auxiliary Forces (caps.).
A.V., Artillery Volunteers,
Authorized Version (of
Bible).
a. v., annos vtxit (he, or she,
lived so many years).
av., average.
AVA — AZYME
ava, Hawaian intoxicant,
use kava *.
avantl -courier*, in Fr. m.
-courtier or -courjeur,
/em. -euse, a forerunner ;
— -garde*, (f.) the ad-
vanced guard; propos
(m.), preface, />/. same
(hyphens).
av. C. (It.), avanii Cristo
(B.C.).
A.V.!D., Army Veterinary
Department,
avdp., avoirdupois.
Ave Maria*, Ave Mary*
(Hail, Mary I) ; abbr. AM.
aventurine*, not -in, avan-
turine.
Avenue, abbr. Ave.
average, abbr. av.
averse to *, not from.
avertible*, «o/-able.
avertissement (Fr. m.),
notice, warning,
avid*, greedy.
Avignon, dep. Vaucluse.
a vinculo matrimonii
(Lat.), full divorce,
avizandum* (Sc. law), for
consideration, not avis-.
avocet*, a bird, not -set.
avoirdupois*, abbr. avdp.
a/ volOtttS(Fr.), at pleasure;
— voire santel here's
to your health !
avril (Fr. m.), April (not
cap.).
awocato del diaboio
(It.), devil's advocate.
aweel* (Scots colloq.).
aweing*, wo^awi-.
aTvesome *, not aws-.
ax., axiom.
axe, usual, but ax *.
axe (Fr. m.), axis,
ay/ *, always ; pron. sl.
ayah *, nurse,
aye*, yes; pron. i, pi. ayes.
Aylesbury, Bucks {see
also Ail-).
A.Y.M., Ancient York
Mason.
Ayr, Scotland.
Ajrre (Point of), Isle of
Man.
az., azure.
Azof (Sea of), not -off,
-ov.
Azrael (Moham.), the angel
of death,
azyme*, Jewish Passover
cake.
A I3"OTES
23
A NOTES
I
B. — BAIIiER
B., Bachelor, Baron, Basso,
Bay, the second in a
series, all proper names
with this initial.
B (chem.), boron, (chess)
bishop.
b., base, born, brother,
(cricket)bowled also byes,
(naut.) blue sky.
b (compass), by.
B.A., Bachelor of Arts,
British Academy, — A-
merica, — Association.
Ba (chem.), barium.
Bab. (bot), Babington.
Babcock & Wilcox,
engineers.
Babington (C. C), 1808-
95, botanist ; abbr. Bab.
babiroussa*, a wild hog,
not baby-, -russa.
baboo*, Indian title, not
babu.
baboon*, /^w. babuina*.
baccara*, a card game, not
-ah, -at.
Bach, the musical family,
not Bache.
Bacharach*, aRhinewine.
Bachelier esj lettres
(Fr.), Bachelor of Letters,
abbr. B,bsL.', sc/-
ences, ditto Science, B,
ds S, (no hyphens).
Bachelier (Irving),
1859-, Amer. writer.
Bachelor/, abbr. B.*; — of
Agriculture, B.Agr. ;
— Architecture, B.-
Arch. ; — Arts, B.A. j
— Civil Engineering,
B.C.E. ; — Civil Law,
B.C.Ii.; — Divinity,
B.D. ; — Engineering,
B.E., or B.Eng. ; —
IjOW, B.L. ; — Laws,
B.LL. ; — Letters,
B.Litt., or Litt.B., in
Fr. B, ds Z..;— Medi-
cine, B.M., or M.B.
(Cambridge, T.C.D.) ;
Bachelor of Mining
Engineering, B.M.E.;
— Music, B.Mus., or
Mus. Bac. ; — Science,
B.Sc, in Fr. B. hs S. ;
— Surgery,B.C.,B.Ch.,
or B.S.; — Theology,
B.Th.
bacill/us*, ^/.-i*(notital.).
back (typ.), see margins.
Backhuysen (Ludolf),
1631-1708, Dutch painter.
back pages (typ.), those
on the left side of an open
book.
backwoodsman* (one
word).
Bacon (Sir Francis)
(often incorrectly Lord),
1561-1626, Baron Verulam
and Viscount St. Albans.
bacshish, use bak-
sheesh*.
bade*, past tense of bid,
not bad.
Baedeker (Karl), guide-
book publisher,
Baffin Bay, N.E. America,
not -ns, -n's.
bag/, -s, abbr. bg., bgs.
bag cap, brown paper
24 X ig'/a in.
Bagdad, not Bagh-.
baggage, in Fr. m. bagage.
Bagn^res/ de Bigorre,
d6p. Hautes-Pyrenees ;
— de Luehon, dep.
Haute-Garonne.
Bagnoles, dep. Orne.
Bagnols, dep. Gard.
bagpip/e* {not -s), -er*
(one word).
B.Agr. (U.S.A.), Bachelor
of Agriculture.
BaJSB, Naples.
bailer* (naut.), one who
bails water out ; (cricket)
as
BAILIE — BANGKOK
a ball which rises to the
bails (see also bailor).
bailie* (Scot.), an alder-
man ; bailiery*, jurisdic-
tion of a bailie, not -iary.
BailHe (Joanna), 1762-
1851, Sc. poetess.
BailliSre,Tindall,& Cox,
publishers, London.
bailor* (law), one who
delivers goods {see also
bailer).
" Baily's Magazine."
bain-marie*, a double
saucepan ; pi. bains- — .
Baireuth, Bav., use Bay-.
Bairut, Syria, use Beirut.
baksheesh *(Arab.,Turk. ),
a gratuity, not the many
variations.
bal., balance.
Balaclava, not -klava.
balanceable*, not -cable.
balas*,a ruby, «o/-ais, ballas.
Balbriggan, Co. Dublin,
also knitted cotton goods.
bale/, -s, abbr. bl., bis,
Baliol, an Anglo-Norman
family, not the Oxford
College Balliol.
balk*, not baulk.
Balkan Mts., Transcau-
casia, not -han.
Bal/laarat, Victoria, use
-larat.
ballade*, medieval French
poem, also its imitation.
Ballantine (James),
1808-77, artist and poet ;
— (William), 1812-86,
serjeant-at-law.
Ballantyne (James),
1 772-1833; and — (John),
1774-1821, Sir W. Scott's
printers and publishers ;
— Press, founded 1796,
named after Sir W. Scott's
printers ; — (R. M.),
1825-94, writer for boys.
Ballarat, Victoria, not
ballet* ; ballet] d' action
(Fr. m.), ballet combining
action and dancing; —
divertissement, ballet
entertainment.
Balliol College, Oxford
(see also Bali-).
ballon d'essai (Fr. m.), a
<' feeler" of any kind.
ballot/*, -ed*, -ing*.
ballot{Fr. m.), a small bale.
ball-room* (hyphen).
Ballsbridge, Dublin (one
word).
bal pari (Fr. m.), fancy-
dress ball.
Baltimore, abbr. Bait.
Baluchi, a native of Balu-
chistan, not Be-, Bi-.
Balzac (Honor6 de),
1 799-1850, Fr. writer; —
(J. Ij. G.), 1597-1654,
Fr. writer.
ban*, governor of Croatia
and Slavonia.
banlal{Fr.),pl. -aux^fem.
-ale, pi. -ales, common-
place.
banality (Fr. f.), a common-
place.
Banco Regis (Lat.), on the
King's Bench.
Bancusj Communium
Placitorum (Lat.),Court
of Common Pleas ; — Re-
ginse. Queen's Bench ; —
Superior, King's Bench,
abbr. Banc. Sup,
Band (Ger.m.), a volume,//.
B'ande ; abbr. Bd., pi.
Bde.
bandanna*, a handker-
chief, not -ana.
bandbox* (one word), not
banbox.
Banddeclcel (Ger. m.), a
book cover ; lose — ,
loose covers.
B. & F. B. S., British and
Foreign Bible Society.
bandit/*,/)/, -s*.
bandoleer*, a belt for cart-
ridges, not -alier, -elier,
-iher.
bang,Indianhemp,«5^bh-*.
Bangalore, India.
Bangkok, not Bankok.
s6
BANIAN — BARTOIiOMMEO
banian/, — tree, «5g ban-
yan*.
banjo/*, pi. -s.
bank, abbr. bk.
banking, abbr. bkg.
bank-note* (hyphen).
banneret* (law), a knight
made on the field of battle.
bannerette*, a small ban-
ner.
bannimus* (law), expul-
sion from a university.
banns*, not bans.
banquet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
banquette* (Fr. f.), front
seat of a diligence.
banyan* (bot.), not -ian,
banyan-tree.
bap., baptized.
Baptist, abbr. Bapt.
baptistery*, not -try.
baptize *, not -ise.
Bar, called to the (cap.).
bar., barley-corn, baro-
meter.
Bariatynsky( J. A.), 1631-
1708, Russian poet.
Barbados, not -oes, abbr.
Barb.
barbarize* «o/.ise.
Barbary, W. Africa.
barberry *, not ber-.
barbette*, gun platform.
barblu (Fr.), fem. -«e,
bearded.
AarAl/e(Fr.f.),brill,alsodab.
barcarole*, boatman's
song, not -lie.
B.Arch. (U.S. A.), Bachelor
of Architecture.
Bareilly, India, not -eli.
bargain/er*, a haggler;
-or* (law), the seller.
Baring-Gould (Rev. S.),
1 834-, writer (hyphen).
baritone* (mus.), not
bary-.
barium*, symbol Ba.
bark (naut.), use barque.
bark/entine, w^^barqu- *.
Barkston, Yorks.
Barkstone, Lines.
barley-corn* (hyphen) ;
abbr. bar.
Barmecide*, one who
offers imaginary things,
not -acide.
Barmston, Durham.
Barnaby-bright*, bt.
Barnabas' Day, 11 June.
baro/graph*, a recording
barometer ; -gram *, the
record ; -logy*, science
of weight; -meter*,
abbr. bar. ; -motor,
motor worked by hand or
foot.
Baron, cap. with Enghsh
name; I.e. foreign; abbr.B.
baronj (Fr.), fem. -ne,
baron and feme (law),
husband and wife.
Baronet, abbr. Bart.
barouche*, four-wheeled
carriage, not baru-.
barque (U.S.A. bark),
full-rigged ship, but with
fore-and-aft mizen ; abbr.
bque.
barquentine *, three-mast-
ed vessel with foremast
only square-rigged, not
-antine, barke-.
barr., barrister. ^
barrad *, the Irish conical
cap.
barrage*, a dam.
barrator*, one who incites
to litigation, not -ater,
-etor.
barrel/, -s, abbr. bl., bis.
barrel/led*, -ling*.
barrico/*, a small cask; pL
-es.
Barrie (J. M.), i860-,
writer.
barrister, abbr. barr.
Barrow-in-Furness (hy-
phens).
Bart., Baronet.
Bartli61emy- Saint-Hil-
aire (Jules), 1805-95,
statesman, Orientahst.
Bartholomew Day, 24
August (caps., two words,
not St.).
Bartolommeo (Fra),
I475-I5i7> It. painter.
87
BARTOLOZZI — BAYLIS
Bartolozzi (Francesco),
1727-1813, engraver.
Baruch (Apocn), no abbr.
bar/uche, use -ouche *.
barytone, use bari-*.
basan*, bark-tanned sheep-
skin, not baz-.
bas bleu* (Fr. m.), a "blue-
stocking."
base, abbr. b.
base-ball*, U.S. national
game (hyphen unusual in
America).
bashaw, use pasha*.
BashkirtsefF (Marie C),
1860-84, diarist.
basil*, sheepskin, «o/baz-.
basin*, a circular vessel,
noi -on.
bas/is*, pi. -es*.
basket/, -s, abbr. bkt., -s.
Basle, Switz. ; in Fr. B&le ;
in Ger. Basel.
bas-relief*, «o/bass-.
bass *, a fish, not -e.
bassinet*, a cradle, not
-ette, berceaunette.
bassoj* (mus.),abbr. B. ; —
profondo (It. mus.), low-
est male voice ; — 'rilie-
V/O*, not re-, pi. OS *.
bastard eigne (lav^), a
natural son.
bastard/ fount (typ.), type
with the face differing
from that proper to the
size of the type body ; —
title (typ.), the fly or
half-title before the full
title of a work. It should
be i-2^/a picas above the
centre of the page.
bastardize*, «o/-ise.
Bastien-Lepage (Jules),
1 848-84, painter(hyphen).
Bastille (Fr. f.), Paris
prison.
bastille *, a fortified tower,
not -ile.
bastinado*, «o/basto-.
bataitle rangSe (Fr. f.), a
pitched battle.
bateau J* (Fr. m.), a light
boat, not batt- ; pi. -x *.
Bath : & Well : sig. of Bp.
of Bath and Wells (two
colons).
Bath/ brick*, — bttn*,
— chair*, — chap* («o/
chop), — note, folded
writing paper 8x7 inches,
— stone* (cap. B).
bath/ sponge*, — towel ♦
(not cap.).
bathybius*, an inorganic
precipitate,
baton*, music conductor's
stick ; in Fr. m. bMon.
battalion*, abbr. batt. ;
in Fr. m. bataillon.
battels*, provisions, etc., at
Oxford University.
Battenberg (Princess H.
of), not -burg.
batterle de cuisine (Fr.
f.), a set of cooking
utensils,
battery, abbr. batt.
Batthyd,ni, noble Hun-
garian family.
battle*, in Fr. f. bataille,
battledore*, not -door,
battle-field* (hyphen).
battleship (one word).
battrejla campagne (Fr.),
to beat about the bush ; —
le pavS, to loaf about,
battue *,shooting(notital.).
Batum, Russia, not -oum.
baulk, use balk*.
Baur (F. C), 1792-1860,
theologian.
Bavaria/, -n, abbr. Bav. ;
in Ger. Bayem.
bawbee* (Sc), halfpenny,
not bau-.
Bay, when with name
cap. ; abbr. B.
bayaddre *, Hindu dancing
girl.
Bayard (Pierre de Ter-
rail. Chevalier de),
1475-1524, "The Knight
without fear and without
reproach."
Bayeux tapestry.
Baylis (T. H.), 181 7-,
writer.
BAYLISS — BEDEIi
Bayliss (Sir Wyke),
1835-, painter.
bayonet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Bayreuth, Bavaria, not
Bai- {see also Beirut).
bazaar*, in Fr. m. bazar,
bazan, use bas-*.
bazil, sheepskin, Ms^bas-*.
B.B.C., Base-ball Club.
B.C., Bachelor of Surgery,
Bad Character, Board of
Control, British Colum-
bia ; B.C., before Christ
(s.caps.), year to precede,
as 41 B.C. : the reverse
of A.D., as A.D. 1900;
B.Ch., Bachelor of Sur-
gery ; B.C.E., ditto
of Civil Engineering ;
B.C.Ii., ditto of Civil
Law; B.C.S., Bengal
Civil Service.
B.D., Bachelor of Divinity ;
Bd.
Ger. Band (a
volume) ; bd., board,
bond, bound ; Bde. (Ger. ),
Bdnde (volumes) ; bdl.,
bdls., bundle, -s; bds.,
(bound in) boards.
B.E., Bachelor of Engi-
neering ; Be (chem.),
beryUium ; b.e., bill of
exchange.
Beach (Sir Michael
Hicks) (now Viscount St.
Aldwyn), 1837-, states-
man (hyphen not used by
him).
bear* (Stock Exchange),
speculator for a fall.
bearskin*, military cap
(one word).
beastings, use bee-*.
beasts of the chase (law),
buck, doe, fox, marten,
roe; ditto forest (law),
boar, hare, hart, hind,
wolf; ditto warren (law),
cony and hare ; ditto of
venery (law) are " beasts
of the forest."
beatas memorial (Lat.),
of blessed memory; abbr.
B.M.
Beataj Maria, or— Virgo
(Lat.), the Blessed Virgin ;
abbr. B.M., or B.V.
beau- fits (Fr. m.), son-in-
law ; without hyphen,
beautiful son.
beau-ideal*, model of
excellence (hyphen, no
accent, not ital.).
beauidealize *, not -ise
(one word).
Beaujolais, a Burgundy
wine.
beau-monde*, the fashion-
able world.
Beaune, a Burgundy wine.
beauj rdle (Fr. m.), a fine
part ; — sabreur, dash-
ing cavalryman.
beauseant. Knights Temp-
lars' standard (not cap.).
beauxj esprits (Fr. pi.
m.), wits, sing. bel
esprit; — yeuxy good
looks.
becafico, use heoo-*,
bScarre (Fr. mus. m.), the
natural sign ^.
bScasse (Fr. f.), a wood-
cock.
bScassine (Fr. f.), a
snipe.
beccafico/*, pi. -es, bird,
not beca-.
bSchamel (Fr. f.), a white
sauce.
beche-de-mer *, the tre-
pang — Holothuria edulis.
Bechstein (P. W. K.),
pianoforte maker; —
(J. M.), 1757-1822, nat.
Bechuanaland,/>ro«. bek-
(one word).
Becket (^), see i, Becket.
Beckett, family name of
Baron Grimthorpe.
Becquerel (A. E.), 1820-
91, Fr. physicist.
bedaw/een, -i, -in, use
bedouin*.
Beddgelert, Carnarvon.
bedel*, Oxford official form
of beadle; at Cambridge
bedell*.
BEDFORDSHIRE — BENEDICT
Bedfordshire, abbr. Beds
(no point).
bedouin/*, a desert Arab,
not the many variations ;
pi. -s.
bed/owy, use -ouin*.
bedroom* (one word).
Beds, Bedfordshire.
bed/uin, use -ouin*.
beer firkin, abbr. b.f.
beerhouse (law), where
beer is sold to be drunk
on or q^ the premises.
beershop (law), where
beer is sold to be drunk
q^the premises.
Bees (St.), theological col-
lege (no apos.).
Beesly (Prof. E. Spen-
cer), 1831-, writer.
beestings*, first milk from
a mammal, not bea-, bie-.
Beethoven (Ludwig
van, not von), 1 770-1827,
composer, divide Bee-
thoven ; pron. bat'O-fn.
beetling* (Sc), beating of
clothes with a beetle.
befall*, not -al.
Beghard*, a mendicant
brother ; /em. Beguine *.
Beglerbeg*y high Ottoman
governor.
Beguine/*, a mendicant
sister, not -uin ; pi. -S.
behemoth*, Biblical animal.
behoof* (noun), benefit.
behove* (verb), to be
necessary for, not -oove.
Behring Isle, Sea, and
Strait, use Bering — .
beIgebunden{GeT.), bound
in (with something else) ;
abbr. beigeb.
beignet (Fr. m.), a fritter.
Beilage (Ger. typ. f.), ad-
dition, supplement (cap.).
Beirut, Syria, not Ba-,
Beyrout {see also Bay-
reuth).
bekko-ware, Chinese
pottery (hyphen).
bel air (Fr. m.), good de-
portment.
Belalp, Switz. (one word).
Bel and the Dragon
(Apocr.), no abbr.
beldam*, a hag, not -e.
bel\ esprit (Fr. m.), a
brilliant wit, pi. beaux
esprits; — etage, the
first floor, not belle — .
Belgique (Fr. f.), Belgium;
beige, Belgian (not cap.).
Belg/ium, -ian, -ic, abbr.
Belg. {see also Assem-
blies).
believable*, not -eable.
belladonna * (bot.), deadly
nightshade (one word).
belle* (not ital.).
bellej amie {Fr. f.), female
friend; — assetnblSe*,
fashionable gathering ; —
-de-nuit {hot.), marvel of
Peru ; fille, daughter-
in-law ; without hyphen,
beautiful girl.
Belle Isle, Newfoundland.
Belleisle, Fermanagh.
Belle -Isle-en-Mer, dep.
Morbihan (hypKens).
6e//e/-indre (Fr.f.),mother-
in-law, stepmother; with-
out hyphen, beautiful
mother; — mort, natural
death ; — passion *, the
tender passion.
belles-lettres*, literature,
is plural (hyphen).
Bel/oochee, -uchi, use
Baluchi.
belvedere* (It.), a raised
building, not belvi- ; pron.
bel-ve-deer' (not ital.).
Ben Bui, near Inveraray.
Ben Buie, Sound of Mull.
bene decessit (Lat.), he
died naturally.
Benedic (liturg.), canticle
from Psalm ciii.
Benedicite*, the "Song of
the Three Children."
benedicite ! * bless you !
Benedick, in " Much Ado
about Nothing."
Benedict*, a newly-mar-
ried man.
30
BENEDICT — B. ES S.
Benedict Biscop, 628-90,
Anglo-Saxon Churchman.
Benedictus*, the fifth
movement of the Mass.
benej esse (Lat.), well-
being ; — exeaty certifi-
cate of good character.
benefactor *, not -er.
benificiaire (Fr. m.), the
recipient of a benefit.
beneficijum, an ecclesias-
tical living ; pi. -a.
benefit/*, -ed*, -ing*.
benej merenti (Lat.), to
the well-deserving ; —
meritUS, having well
deserved, pi — meriti.
benet *, R.C. Order {see also
bennet).
bene vale (Lat.), farewell,
abbr. A. V. ; — vobis I
prosperity to you !
bea ficcato (It.), well
established.
B.Eng., Bachelor of Eng-
ineering.
Bengali/*, native, also of,
Bengal, not -ee, pi. -s;
abbr. Beng.
Benjamin, abbr. B., or
Benj.
Ben/ Lawers, Perth ; —
Macdhui, Aberdeen.
Bennet, fam. name of Earl
of Tankerville.
bennet*, a grass (see also
benet).
Ben Rhydding, Yorks.
benthal*, ocean depths
exceeding 6000 feet.
Bentham (G.), 1800-84,
bot. ; abbr. Bentli.
ben trovato (It.), well
invented.
Ben/ Venue, — Vrackie,
Perth (two words).
ben venuto (It.), welcome.
Benvoirlich, Perth (one
word).
benzene*, «o/-ine.
benzol*, not -e.
benzoline *.
" Beowulf," Anglo-Saxon
epic.
bequeather*, a testator,
berberry, use bar- *
berceau (Fr. m.), cradle,
berceaunette, use bassi-
net*,
berceuse, a cradle song,
bereavement*, «o/.vment.
Berg] (Ger. m.), a mountain ;
pi. -e (cap.).
Bergamask*, native of
Bergamo, Lombardy.
bergamot*, «o/bur-.
Bergerac, a town, also
wine made there ; —
(Savinien Cyrano de),
1620-55.
beriberi*, tropical disease,
not -ria (one word).
Bering Isle, Sea, and
Strait, not Beh-, -ings.
Berk, (bot.), Berkeley.
Berks, Berkshire.
Bernard (Claude), 1813-
78, physiologist.
Berne, Swiss canton and
town ; in Ger. Bern.
Bemers(Dame Juliana),
wrote "Boke of St.
Albans," first ed. i486.
Bernhardt (Rosine, called
*«Sarah*»),i844-,actress.
Bernoulli, family of math.,
not -illi.
bemouse, use burnous*,
Arab cloak,
bersaglier/e (It.), a rifle-
man ; pi. -i.
berth* (naut.), not hi-.
Berthelot (P. E. M.),
1827-1907, Fr. chemist ;
pron. bert'lo.
Berthollet (count C. L.),
1 748-1822, Fr. chemist.
beryllium*, symbol Be.
Berzelius (J. J., baron),
1779-1848, chemist.
fi. ks A,, now B. ^S L,
Besancon, dep. Doubs.
bes-an'tler, use bez-
antler*.
B. §s li. (Fr.), Bachelier
es lettres (Bachelor of
Letters) ; B. ds S., ditto
sciences (no hyphens).
31
BESO — BIGELOW
besoj las manos (Sp.), "I
kiss the hands" (frequent-
ly said or written) ; —
los pies, "I kiss the
feet."
Bessbrook, Co. Armagh.
Besses o' th' Barn, town
near Manchester.
bestialize *, not -ise.
bestre'w*, not -ow.
Bestuur*, government in
Dutch-speaking S. Africa.
bete ^Fr.), stupid.
Betelgeux (astr.), red star
in Orion, not -euse.
bite noire {Ft. f.), an object
of aversion, not — noir.
betise (Fr. f.), stupidity.
betony* (bot), not bett-.
better*, one who bets, not
-or.
Bett^ws-y-Coed, Carnar-
von (hyphens).
bevel/*, -led*, -ling*.
Beverley, Yorks.
Beverly, Mass., U.S.A.
bevy*, proper word for a
company of ladies, larks,
maidens, quails, or roes.
bewet*, leather attaching
bell to hawk, not -it.
Bexleyheath, Kent (one
word, "P.O. Guide").
bey* (Turk.), a governor.
bey lie*, jurisdiction of a
bey, not -ik.
Beyrout, use Beirut.
bezant*, gold coin, not by-.
bez-antler*,of deer's horn,
not bes-, bis- (hyphen).
bezel*, a slope, «o/-il, basil.
b.f., beer firkin.
bg., bgs., bag, -s.
B*hani., Birmingham.
bhang*, Ind. hemp, «o/ba-.
bheesty *, Indian water-
carrier, not -ie.
b.h.p., brake horse-power.
B.I., British India.
Bi* (chem.), bismuth,
biannual*, half-yearly, but
biennial*, two-yearly,
bias/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Bib.. Bible, -ical.
bibl., bibltotheca (library).
Bible, abbr. Bib. (cap.).
{See also authorities,
quotations.)
Bible - Text
asize of type as above, four
and a half lines to the inch
(h5rphen).
"Biblia Pauperum*'
(caps.).
Biblical (cap.), abbr. Bib.
bibliOgraaf {Dutch), biblio-
grapher, Ger. m. Biblio-
graph, Fr. m. bibiio-
grapbe.
bibliograph/er, -ic, -ical,
-y ; abbr. biblio?.
bibliopegy*, bookbinding.
biblioltbeca* (Lat.), a li-
brary ; -thScaire ( Fr. m. ),
a hbrarian; -tbeque*
(Fr. f.), a library.
Bibliotbekj (Ger. f.), a
library ; -ar (m.), a
librarian (caps.).
BicStre, asylum near Paris.
Bickleigh, Devon.
Bickley, Cheshire, Kent.
bidder *, one who bids.
bider*, one who bides or
remains.
bidet*, bath, no/ -ette.
biea aim] 6 (Fr.\ /em.
'ie, well- beloved ; bien]
cbaussjSy/em. -ie, neat-
ly-booted; — entendu,
of course; — gantle,fem,
-ee, well-gloved.
biennial*, two-yearly,
(hot.) ©,6«/ biannual*,
half-yearly.
biennium, a two-year
period.
biensSance (Fr. f.), pro-
priety,
bihre (Fr. f.), beer, bier.
biestings, use bee-*.
biffS (Fr.), cancelled.
bigarreau*, white-heart
cherry, not -aroon.
Bigelow (E.B.), 1814-79,
machinist ; — (Jacob),
1787-1879, botanist; —
3a
BIGELOW — BISQUE
(John), 1817- writer;
Bigelow (Mr. and Mrs.
Poultney), Amer.
writers.
"Biglow Papers (The),"
1848, '68, by J. R. Lowell.
bigot/*, -ed*.
bijou/*, a "gem"; pi. -x*.
bilberry*, not bill-.
bilbo/ *, a fetter ; pi. -es *.
Bilborough, Notts.
Bilbrough, Yorks.
Bilderdijk (Willein),
1756-1831, Dutch poet,
philologist.
Bill (parliamentary) (cap.).
biJIa vera (law), a true bill.
billet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
billet-doux* (Fr. m.), a
love letter; pi. billets
(hyphens).
billiards, in Fr. m. billard.
billion* (Eng., Ger.), a mil-
lion millions;(Fr., U.S.A.),
a thousand millions.
bill of/ exchange, abbr.
b.e. ; lading, abbr.
B/Ij. (printed six to a
sheet on folio post) ;
sale, abbr. b.s.
Bilston, Staffs.
Bilstone, Leicester.
biltong*, sun-dried meat
Biluchi, use Bal-.
bimeridian*, recurring at
midday and midnight.
bimetall/ic*, -ism*,-ist*.
bimillenary*, a period of
2000 years.
bindery*, a bookbinder's
establishment.
Bindestrich (Ger. typ. m.),
the hyphen.
binding, see various head-
ings.
binnacle* (naut.), a com-
pass-stand.
binocle*, a field-glass.
binocular*, a field-glass.
Binstead, I. of Wight.
Binsted, Alton, Hants.
biograph/er,-ic, -ical,-y;
abbr. biog.
biolog/y, -ical ; abbr. biol.
Bipont/*, -ine*, books
printed at Bipontiura
(Zweibrucken), Bavaria.
bird-cage* (hyphen).
bird's-eye view*.
Birmingham, abbr.
B'ham.
Birnam, Perth, immortal-
ized in " Macbeth."
Birstal, Yorks.
Birstall, Leicester.
birth (naut.), use be-*.
birthplace, abbr. bpl.
bis* (Fr., It, Lat), twice.
bis., bissextile.
bisantler, use bez- *.
Biscayan, abbr. Bisc.
Bischof (K. G.), 1792-
1870, chem., geol.
Bischoff (T.L.W.), 1807-
82, anatomist.
bis dat qui cito dat (Lat.) f
he gives twice who gives
quickly.
Bishop, abbr. Bp. ; (chess)
B.
Bishop in partibus infi-
delium, R.C. Bishop in
diocese of unbelievers.
bishop's length* (paint-
ing), canvas 58x94 in.,
half ditto 45 X 56 in.
Bishop's Stortlord, Herts
(apos.).
Bishopsteignton, Devon
(one word).
Bishopston, Glos, War-
wick, Wilts, Glam.
Bishopstone, Berks,
Hereford, Sussex, Wilts.
Bishop's Waltham,
Hants (apos.).
Bishopthorpe, residence
ofAbp.ofYork(oneword).
bisk*, a rich soup (not ital.)
{see also bisque).
Bismarck (O. E. L.,
Fiirst von), 1815-98, not
-ark.
bismillah* (Arab.), "in
the name of God," mo/ biz-.
bismuth*, symbol Bi*.
bisque* (tennis) (not ital.)
{see also bisk) .
33 3
BISSEXTILE — BLOTTESQUE
bissextile, abbr. bis.
bistre *, pigment, not
-er.
bit* (U.S.A.), 12V2 cents,
bitt/* (naut. ),/./. -s.
bitter end (naut.), the
end of a rope loose after
belaying,
bitumin/ize*, -ons*.
bivouac/*, -ked *, -king *.
bizarre* (not ital.).
Bizet (Georges), 1838-75,
French composer.
Bjomson (Bjom-
Btjerne), 1832-1910,
Norwegian writer.
bk., bank, book; bkg.,
banking ; bkt., bkts.,
basket, -s.
B.L., Bachelor of Law,
breech-loader, -ing; B/L,
bill of lading ; bl., bis.,
bale, -s, barrel, -s.
blabber*, to chatter, not
bio-.
Blackbume (J. H.),
1842-, chess player.
Black Friars, Leics.
Blackfriars, London.
Black Friday, ii May,
1866.
black game*, wa/^ black-
cock *, few. grey-hen *.
filarft4tttet* (t2p.)> a fani^S
tgpe, as tfjis.
Blackmoor, Hants.
Blackmore, Essex ; —
(B.D.), 1 825- 1 900, writer.
Blackrock, Brecon, Cork,
Co. Dublin, Louth.
Black Rod*, abbr. for
'' Gentleman Usher of the
Black Rod."
blacks* (typ.),when spaces
print.
blaeberry, Sc. for bil- *.
Blaenau Festiniog, not
Blainiau or Ffe-.
blague! * (Fr. f.), humbug;
-lir (m.), hoaxer.
Blairadam, Kinross (one
word).
Blair-Atholl, Perth
(caps., hyphen).
Blairgowrie, Perth (one
word).
Blairs College, Aber-
deen (no apostrophe).
blameable*, «o/-mable.
blancbailles (Fr. f. pi.),
whitebait.
blanchktre (Fr.), whitish.
blancbisseuse (Fr. f.),
laundress.
blancmange* (cook.) (one
word, not ital.).
blanket/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Blantyre "Works, Mid-
Lanark, a village (two
words, caps.).
blas6*, surfeited with en-
joyment (not ital.).
blatant *, not blatt-.
Blatherwick, Northants,
not -wyck.
Blaze de Bury (Ma-
dame), 1813-88, writer.
bldg., bldgs., building, -s.
B.L.E., Brotherhood of
Locomotive Engineers.
bleed (bookbinding), to
overcut the margins and
mutilate the printing.
bleu aire (Fr.), bluish.
bleu foncS (Fr. m.), dark-
blue.
blind/-blocking*, or —
-tooling* (bookbinding),
impression by hot tools
only.
blind ^, paragraph mark.
B.Iiitt., Baccalaureus Liter-
arum (Bachelor of Let-
ters, Oxford).
blizzard*, a storm, not
bliss-.
blk. (typ.), black, block, -s.
B.XjL., Bachelor of Laws.
blobber, use blabber*.
Block (Maurice), 1816-,
French economist.
blond*, fair-complexion ed;
fent. blonde* (not ital.).
bloqu6{FT. typ.), turned;
caractbres bloqu&s,
turned letters.
blottesque*, painting with
blotted touches (not ital.).
34
BLOUSE — BONA
blouse*, pron. blowz, in Fr.
bluuz (not ital.).
B.Ij.E..,breech.loading rifles
Blubberhouses, Yorks
(one word).
Bliicher (G. L. von),
1 742-1834, Field-Marshal.
blue bell* (two words).
Blue book*, governmental
(cap., two words).
blueing*, not blui-.
blueish, use bluish*,
bluejacket, R.N. sailor
(one word).
blue-printing, a photog.
process,
bluey*.
bluing, use blueing*,
bluish*, not blue-.
Blundellsands, Lanes
(one word).
Bluntschli (J. K.), 1808-
81, jurist.
Blut und Eisen (Ger.),
blood and iron.
Blyth Bridge, Peebles.
Blythe Bridge, Staffs.
B.M., Bachelorof Medicine;
Beata Maria (the Blessed
Virgin), beatee memorial
(of blessed memory) ;
(Survey) Bench Mark ;
b.m., bene merenti (to the
well-deserving); B.M.E.,
Bachelor of Mining
Engineering ; B.Mus.,
Bachelor of Music.
B.N.C, Brasenose College,
Oxford.
b.O., branch office, buyer's
option.
B.O. A., British Optical
Association.
Boabdil, king of Granada.
B.O.A.F.G., British Order
of Ancient Free Gardeners.
Boanerges/*, a loud
preacher ; pi. -es*.
Board/, abbr. bd. ; — of
Trade, abbr. B.O.T.
Board-Bohool* (cap. B,
hyphen).
boatswain*, pron. bo'sn;
abbr. bos'n.
35
bob-Mrhite*, Amer. quail.
bocasin*, a fine buckram.
Boccaccio (Giovanni),
i3i3-75> It. writer (4 c's).
Bodicote, Oxon, not Bodd-.
Bodleian Library.
body-guard * (hyphen).
Boerhaave (Herman),
1668-1738, naturalist.
Boethius (A. M. S.), a.d.
470-525, Roman states-
man.
bceufiYr. m.), beef.
Bogie (Colonel), of golf.
bogie*, a truck.
bogy*, ghost, not-ey.
Bohemian*, easy-living
(cap.).
Bokhara, not Bu-.
bolas/*, a lasso with two
balls ; pi. -es *.
bold-face type: as this;
indicated in MS. by wavy
underlining .
bolero*, Sp. dance.
bolivar, Bolivian dollar.
Bolivia/, -n, abbr. Bol.
bolometer*, exact heat
measurer.
bolt* (typ.), the unopened
fold of a folded sheet.
bolus/*, pi. -es*.
bombasine*, a fabric, not
-bazeen, -bazine, -bycine.
Bom. C.S., Bombay Civil
Service.
Bom. S.C, Bombay Staff
Corps.
bona (law), goods.
bon-accord*(^Sc.),goodwill.
bonas notas (Lat.), meri-
torious.
bonaj fide* (Lat.), genuine-
ly; — fides*, good faith
(no accent) ; — mobi/ia,
movable goods ; — nota-
bilia, noteworthy things.
bonanza* (U.S.A.), good
luck.
Bonaparte, not Buona-
parte, Corsican family.
bonal peritura (Lat.),
perishable goods ; — va-
cantia^ unclaimed — .
8*
BONA VENTURE — BOOKS
bonaventure," goodhap.^^
bon-bon*, a dainty, in Fr.
m. one word ; bonbon-
nidre* (f.), a box for
dainties.
boa camarade (Fr. m.),
good comrade ; fern,
bonne — .
bon-chr6tien*, a pear.
bonj compagnon (Fr. m.),
pleasant companion ; —
courage f good courage.
bond, abbr. bd.
bondholder* (one word).
bonj diable (Fr. m.), good-
natured fellow ; — en-
fant, good fellow.
Bo*ness, Linlithgow, apos-
trophe, being originally
Borrowstouuness (see also
Bowness).
bon gout (Fr. m.), good
taste; bongri, malgrS,
whether one will or not.
Bonheur (Rosa), 1822-
99, Fr. painter.
bonhomie*, good nature.
bonbomme* (Fr. m.), a
pleasant fellow, a friar.
Bonhomme (Jacques)*,
the French peasant.
bonjour (Fr. m.), good
day (one word).
bon Jour, bonne oeuvre
(Fr.), "the better the
day, the better the deed."
bon marcbe (Fr.), a cheap
shop, cheap ; bon mot*,
a witticism, />/. bons mots
(two words, not ital.).
bonne* (Fr. f.), a nurse-
maid.
bonne-bouche*, a dainty
morsel,/)/, bonnes-bou-
ches*; bonne I com-
pagnie (Fr.), well-bred
society; — foi, good faith ;
— fortune, success, pi.
bonnes fortunes ; —
gr^ce, gracefulness, pi.
bonnes graces.
bonne ment (Fr.), frankly.
bonne mine (Fr. f.),
pleasant looks.
bonnet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
bonnet rouge (Fr. m.),
revolutionists' cap.
Bononia,Lat.forBologna.
bons a vue (Fr. m.), bills,
etc., at sight.
bontebok*, antelope.
bon ton (Fr.m.\ good style.
bonumj omen (Lat.), a
good omen ; — public-
um, the public good,
abbr. b.p,
bon-vivant/*,/«w.bonne-
vivante, one fond of
luxurious living (hyphen,
not ital.) ; pi. -s.
bonj viveur (Fr. m.), a free
liver; — voyage I a
pleasant journey !
Booerhave, use Boer-
haave.
book/, -s, abbr. bk., bks.
bookbinding* (one word).
book-keeping* (hyphen).
book-plate * (hyphen).
books (cited titles of),
to be roman double-
quoted, not italic.
books (size in inches
imout) :—
Crown 8vo .
, ), 4to .
^ Demy 8vo
,, 4to .
Foolscap 8vo
„ . 4to .
Imperial 8vo .
,, 4to .
Medium 8vo .
„ 4to .
Post8vo . .
,, 4to . .
Pott 8vo . .
,, 4to . .
Royal 8vo
,, 4to .
Super roy.Svo
„ 4to
7V2X 5
10 X 7Va
8^4 X 5V2
11 X 83/ .
67.x 4V4
8V.X 63/,
11 X 7Va
15 XII
97jX 6
12 X 9Va
8x5
10 X 8
67, X 4
8 . X 6^/*
10 X &U
1273 X 10
107* X 67,
i37aXio7,
books of Scripture
(tj^p.), not to be italic, nor
double-quoted ; forabbrs.
see separate titles.
36
BOOKWORK — BOUQUIWIST
bookwork, see prelimin-
ary matter.
boose*, a cow stall {see
also booze).
Bootes* (astr.), the con-
stellation ; pron. bo-O'tes.
booze*, to drink, not -se,
bouse, -ze, bowse.
boozy*, drunken.
B.O.P., "Boy's Own
Paper."
bor., borough.
Bordeaux*, a claret (in Fr.
m. not cap.).
bordereau (Fr. m.), a
memorandum.
borecole*, kale.
Borghese, Italian family,
pron. bor-ga'za.
borize*, to inject borax.
born, abbr. b.
boron*, symbol B*.
borough, abbr. bor.
borzoi/, Russian wolf-
hound ; pi, -s.
Boscovich (B,. J.), 17 ii-
87, math., not -tch.
bos*n, abbr. of boatswain.
Bosna-Serai, capital of
Bosnia (caps., hyphen).
Bosphorus, more correctly
Bosporus.
Bossuet (J. B.), 1627-
1704, Fr. bishop, writer.
Boswellize*, to write as
Boswell (cap.).
bot/*, -fly*, «o/-tt.
B.O.T., Board of Trade.
Botallack, Cornish mine.
botanize*, «o/-ise.
botan/y, -ical, -ist, abbr.
bot.; genera, species, and
varieties to be ital. ; all
other divisions roman :
Rosaceae (order or
family) ; Rosa (genus),
but genera in popular use
in roman, as Geranium,
Lobelias (pi.) ; Rosadam-
ascena (species).
Specific names to be
I.e., except when formerly
generic, or commemora-
tive, as Inula Heleniuntj
botany (cont.).
Paeonta Wiitmannianay
Salvia Mathewsii.
Signs in common
use: —
annual, G or © ; bien-
nial, ; dioecious, ^ ? ;
doubtful, ? ; female, ? ;
hermaphrodite, ^ or ^ ;
hybrid, x ; male, ^ ;
monoecious, ^-$; number
indefinite, 00 ; none or
absent, o ; perennial, % ;
personally verified, ! ;
polygamous, ^^9; sec-
tion (of a genus), § ; tree.
\ . Signs
t, :,
variously used, to be de-
fined by author usingsame.
bothy* (Sc), a hut, not
-ie.
Botticelli(Sandro), 1447-
I5i5» painter.
bottom notes (typ.), foot-
notes.
B.O.U., British Ornithol-
ogists' Union.
Boucicault (Dion), 1822-
90, Irish dramatist.
boudoir* (not ital.).
bouffant]* {Yt.\ fern, -e,
puffed out, as a dress.
Bouguereau (W. A.),
1825-1905, Fr. painter.
bouilli* (Fr. m.), stewed
meat (not ital.).
boum\ie (Fr. f.), infant
food ; -on* (™0) broth, a
flounce ; -onnif puff"ed,
flounced.
boul., boulevard.
boule*, usually buhl.
boulevard/* (Fr. m.),
abbr. boul. ; -ier*, a
"man about town."
bouleversJS (Fr.), over-
turned; -ement* (m.),
a violent inversion.
bounceable *, not -cable.
bound, abbr. bd,
bouquetin*, the ibex.
bouquinist*, second-hand
bookseller; in Fr.m. boU'
quiniste.
37
BOUKGEOIS — BB.COIi.
bourgeois/* {YT.\fent. -e,
one of the middle-class ;
-ie*, the middle-class.
bourgeois * (typ. ) , an eight
and half point type, eight
and a half lines to the
inch, as this ; pron. bur-
joice'.
Bourn, Cambs.
Bourne, Lines, Surrey.
bourne *, a limit, not -n.
bourse*. Stock Exchange.
boursier (Fr. m.), a stock-
broker.
bouse*, to drink, use
booze *.
bouse * (naut.), to haul, not
-wse.
boutique (Fr. f.), a shop.
boutonnidre (Fr. f.), a
"button-hole."
bouts-rim^s *, rhymed
endings.
Bowdlerize *, to expurgate
(cap.).
bowie*, a knife.
bowled (cricket), abbr. b.
BownesSjCumb, Westmor-
land {see also Bo'ness).
bo w^- window*, a seg-
mental bay-window,
box/, -es, abbr. bx., bxs.
Boycott (to) (cap.).
** Boy's Own Paper,"
abbr. B.O.P.
bozza (It), printer's proof.
B.P., British Public; Bp.,
Bishop; b.p.jbelowproof,
bill of parcels, bills pay-
able, bonum publicum (the
public good) ;b.p.b.,bank
post bills ; bpl., birth-
place.
B.Q,., Bene quiescat (may he,
or she, repose well !).
bque. (naut.), barque.
Br., British, (bot.) R.
Brown ; Br (chem.), bror
mine ; br., brig ; b.r., bills
receivable.
" Brabanconne (La),**
Belgian national air.
brace* (typ.) ^-i^^— s
brackets* (typ.), [], not
the parentheses or round
form (). {See punctua-
tion, IV.)
bradawl* (one word),
bradoon, use bri-*.
braggadocio* (not ital.).
Brahma *, supreme Hindu
god, not -hm, -hme (not
ital.).
brahma*, a domestic fowl.
Brahmapootra*, Indian
river.
Brahmin/* (Hind.), one of
the highest caste, not -an;
fern, -ee*, not -i.
braies (Fr. typ. f.), spoiled
sheets.
brail *, to haul up.
braille, raised letters for
the blind,
braise* (cook.), not -ze
{see also braze),
brake*, for wheel, a large
vehicle, etc., not break.
Br .Am., British America,
bran/*, -ny*.
Brandes (Georg M. H.),
1 842-, Danish writer,
brand-new*, «o/bran-.
brant-goose, M5«brent- *.
Brantdme (P. de B.),
1540-1614, French writer.
brasserie (Fr. f.), brewery,
brassy* (Sc), the wrasse
fish, a golf club, not -ie.
bratticing* (arch.), open
carved work.
Brauneberger, a white
wine.
Braunschweig, Ger. for
Brunswick.
bravja! (It), "well done!"
to a woman, -O, to a man.
bravado/*, pi. -es*.
bravo/*, a desperado; pi.
-es.
braw* (Sc), fine.
Brawne (Fanny), loved
by Keats, not Bro-.
braze*, to solder, not -ise,
-ize (see also braise).
Brazil/, -ian, abbr. Braz.
Br.Col., British Columbia.
BKEADAIiBANE — BROCKHAUS
Breadalbane (Marquess
of).
break/* (5** brake); (typ.)
the division into a fresh
paragraph ; line*, last
one of a paragraph : never
to begin page, and should
have more than five let-
ters, except in narrow
measures.
break-down*, a collapse.
b. rec, bills receivable,
breccia* (geol), not -chia.
Brechin, Forfar.
Brecon, not Brecknock,
-shire.
breech-load/er, -ing,abbr.
B. L. ; ing rifle,
B.L.B.
Breitkopf & Hartel, pub-
lishers, Leipzig.
brent-goose *, not bra-.
Bretagne, Fr. for Brit-
tany; Grande — , Great
Britain.
Breton, abbr. Bret.
brev., brevet, -ed.
brevet d'invention (Fr.
m.), a patent.
brevets s.g.d.g, (Fr.), pa-
tented without Govern-
ment guarantee.
brevier* (typ.), a fount
about eight point, as this,
nine and a half lines to the
inch ; pron. bre-veer'.
brevi manu* (Lat.), off-
hand.
briar, use -er*.
bribable*, «o/-eable.
bric-§i-brac* (accent).
Bridge End, Donegal, Fife,
Flint, Linlithgow, Perth.
Bridgend, Argyl, Glam,
Perth.
Bridgenorth, Salop, now
Bridgnorth.
Bridgeton, Glasgow ; New
Jersey, U.S.A.
Bridgetown, Barbados,
Canada, Devon, Donegal,
Somerset, W. Austral.,
Wexford (one word).
Bridgnorth, Salop.
Bridgwater, Somerset,
not Bridge-.
bridoon*, a bridle, not bra-,
brier/*, — -root*, —
-rose*, not briar-, brere-,
brig (naut.), abbr. br.
Brig., brigade, -ier.
Brillat-Savarin (A.),
1 755-1 826, gastronomist,
brilliant* (typ. \ .an. .»a hM
point fount, ■• tliUaBiii«tMii aod thre»-quart«r lta««
bring up (typ.), to underlay
or overlay.
Brinvilliers (marquise
de), 1630-76, criminal.
brioche'' (Fr. f.), blunder,
cake.
briquette*, a block of
artificial fuel.
Bristol - board*, card-
board used by artists.
Brit./, Britain, Britannia,
-icus, -ica, British ; —
Mus., British Museum.
Briticism* (as Gallicism,
Scotticism).
British/, abbr. Brit. ;
— Academy, B.A. ;
— America, Br. Am. ;
— India, B.I. ; — Mu-
seum, Brit. Mus.
Britt. (coins), Britan-
niarum.
]5rittany,in Fr. Bretagne,
britzka*, Polish carriage,
not the many variations.
bro., bros., brother, -s.
Broad - Churchman *
(caps., hyphen).
Broad Heath, Tenbury.
Broadheath, Altrincham.
Broad Oak, Dorset, Here-
ford. Sussex.
Broadoak,CornwalI, Salop.
Broadw^as, Worcester.
Broadway, Wexford,
Worcester.
Broadwey, Dorset.
Brobdingnag*, not Brob-
dig-.
brochure*, a "stitched
work," not bound.
Brockhaus (F. A.), pub-
lisher, Leipzig.
39
BROCKTON — BUCHHANDIiUNa
Brockton, Salop ; Mass.,
U.S.A.
Brocton, Staffs.
Broglie, an It.-Fr. family.
bromine*, symbol Br.
bronchia* y branches of the
bronchi.
broncbjus* (anat.), a
branch of the windpipe ;
pi. -i*.
bronco/*, Mex. horse, not
-cho ; pi. -s.
Bronte (Charlotte), 1816-
55, writer.
brooch*, a dress fastening,
not -ach.
Brooke, Norfolk ; —
(Lord).
Brookline, Boston, U.S.A.
Brooklyn, New York.
Brooks's Club, London,
not -es's.
Broomedge, Warrington.
Broomhedge, Lisburn.
broomstick* (one word).
Broomyknowes, Mid-
lothian.
brother/, abbr. b. or bro.,
pi. -s*, brethren*, abbr.
bros. ; — -german *,
''whole" brother; in-
law* (hyphens).
Brotscbtift (Ger.), or-
dinary, not display, typQ.
Broughton (Rhoda),
1840-, novelist.
Brown (Ford Madox),
1821-93, painter ; —
(Robert), 17 73- 1858,
botanist ; abbr. Br.
Browne (C. F.), 1834-67,
* ' Artemus Ward, ' ' writer.
Brown-S6quard (C. E.),
1818-94, physiologist.
brow^se *, to eat, not -ze.
Brucb (Ger. m.), a frac-
tion.
Brugsch (H. K.), 1827-
94, Egyptologist.
Brummell (G. B.,
"Beau"), 1778-1840.
Brunhild (Norse myth.).
Briinnhilde, Wagnerian
heroine.
Brunonian, an alumnus of
Brown University, U.S.A.
brusque* (not ital.).
Brussels, in Flem. Brus-
sel, in Fr. Bruxelles.
brussels sprouts* (not
cap., no apos.).
brutalize*, «o/-ise.
bmtum fulmen (Lat.), an
empty threat ; pi. bruta
fulmina.
Bruxelles, Fr. for Brus-
sels.
Bryn Mawr College,
Philadelphia, U.S.A.
BrynmawT, Brecon.
bryology, abbr. bryol.
Brython*, Welsh for
Briton.
B.S.*, Bachelor of Surgery ;
b.s., balance sheet, bill
of sale ; B.S.A., Biblio-
graphical Society of
America; B.S.C., Bengal
Staff Corps ; B.Sc,
Bachelor of Science ;
B.Sc.(Econ.), ditto in
faculty of Economics ;
B.Sc. (Eng.), ditto En-
gineering (London Uni-
versity) ; B.S.L., Botani-
cal Society of London.
B.Th., Bachelor of The-
ology ; B.Th.U., British
Thermal Unit; B.T.U.
(elec). Board of Trade
Unit, or kilowatt-hour.
B.IT., Brown University,
Rhode Island, U.S.A.
bu., bushel.
buccaneer*, «o/-ier,buca-.
Buccleuch (Duke of), not
-gh ; pron. buk-loo'.
Bucellas*, a white wine.
Bucb (Ger. n.), book; pi.
Bucber.
Bucharest, use Buka-.
Bucbjbinder (Ger. m),
bookbinder ; -binder-
kuast, art of bookbind-
ing ; -drucker, a printer ;
'druckerkunst, art of
printing; -handler, book-
seller; -handlungf book-
40
BUCHSTABEN" — BUSHMILLS
seller's shop ; Buch-
staben, letters of the
alphabet.
Buckinghamshire, abbr.
Bucks (no point).
Bucknall, Lines, Staffs.
Bucknell, Oxon, Salop,
buckskin* (one word).
Budapest, Hungary, not
-pesth (one word).
Buddha* (Skt.), Gautama
Sakyasinha, died 543 B.C.
buddhi (Skt.), the intelli-
gence.
Buddh/ism *, -ist * ; (typ. )
if necessary divide at
stroke; abbr. Budd.
budgerigar, a parakeet.
Buenos Ayres, Argentina,
not — Ai-.
buffalo/*,^/, -es*.
buffer State (cap. 5 only),
buffet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Buffon (G. L. L.), 1707-
88, naturalist.
buhl, usualf but houle*.
building, abbr. bldg., pi.
bldgs.
Bukarest, not Bukh-.
Bukhara, use Bo-,
buksheesh, use bak-*.
bul., bulletin,
bulbul* (Pers.), ''the
nightingale of the East."
Bulgaria/, -n, abbr. Bulg.
bull* (Stock Exchange), a
speculator for the rise,
bulletin* (not ital.); abbr.
bul.
bulrush*, not bull-.
bumkin*(naut. ), not bump-.
bumpkin*, countryman.
buncom.be*, «o/ bunkum.
Bundesrat, not -th (s^^As-
semblies — Germany),
bundle/, -s, abbr. bdl/., -s.
bungalow*, a house with
one story (not ital.).
Bunker HiQ (battle of),
not Bunker's-,
bun/kum, use -combe*.
buonamano (It. f.), a
gratuity (one word).
Buonaparte, use Bona-.
bur, see burr,
burden*, not -then.
Burdett-Coutts (A. G.,
Baroness), 1814-1906.
bureau/*,/*/. -x*(notital.).
Bureau Veritas, maritime
underwriters' association
at Brussels (two caps.),
burgamot, use ber-*.
burgaudine*, mother of
pearl, not -ndine.
burgeois, see bourgeois
(typ.)-
burgess, abbr. burg.
burgh* (Sc), a town pos-
sessing a charter, not
borough.
burglar*, not -er.
burgomaster * (one
word) ; abbr. burg.
burgrave *, a governor,
not burgg-.
Burgundy*, a wine.
Burial Service (caps.).
burl*, a lump in cloth.
burl., burlesque.
Burlington House, Lon-
don (caps.).
Burm/a, not -ah ; -an,
native of Burma,//, -ans.
Burne- Jones (Sir Ed-
ward), 1833-98, painter
(hyphen).
burnous *, Arab cloak, not
-e, bernouse (ital.).
Burntisland, Fife (one
word).
burnt sienna*, orange-
red pigment, not — siena.
burr*, a rough edge, not
bur.
Burren, Co. Down.
Burrin, Co. Galway.
burthen, ms^ burden*.
bus*, omnibus, not 'bus, pi.
buses: omnibus to be
used in print.
bushel*, 2218 cubic inches;
in U.S.A. 2150-4 ; abbr.
bus.
Bushey/, Herts ; — Park,
Middlesex, not -hy.
Bushmills, town in An-
trim (one word).
BUSHY — BYZANT
Bushy House, National
Physical Laboratory.
busybody*, not busi-.
Butterleigh, Devon.
Butterley, Derby.
buttermilk* (one word).
buyer's option, abbr. b.o.
Buys-BaUot (C. H. D.),
1817-90, meteorologist.
B.V.* Beata Virgo (the
Blessed Virgin) ; b.v.,
bene vale (farewell) ;
B.V.M., Beata Virgo
Maria (the Blessed Virgin
Mary).
B.W.G., Birmingham wire
gauge.
B.W.I., British West In-
dies.
B.W.T.A., British Wo-
men's Temperance Asso-
ciation.
bx., bxs., box, -es.
by and by* (no hyphens).
bye/, -a (cricket), abbr. b.
bye-bye*, a nursery good-
bye (hyphen).
by-election* (hyphen).
bygone* (one word).
by-lane * (hyphen).
by-law*, «o^bye-.
byname*, a sobriquet (one
word).
bypath* (one word).
by-play* (hyphen).
by-plot *, by-product *,
not bye-.
by-road* (hyphen).
bystander* (one word).
by-street* (hyphen).
by the by* (no hyphens).
by-'walk*, a private walk
(hyphen).
by-"way* (hyphen).
bjrvrord* (one word).
byzant*, Ms^be-*.
B NOTES
43
B NOTES
-r^iv
C. — CAIAPHAS
C, Catholic, centigrade,
century, chairman, Chan-
cellor, Chancery, chief,
Church, (mus.) common
metre, Congress, -ional,
Conservative, consul, con-
tralto, counter-tenor, -s.
Court, the third in a series,
and all proper names with
this initial.
C*, carbon, centum (a hun-
dred), lOO.
C, cent, -s, centime, chapter,
city, conductor, constable,
cubic, (cricket) caught,
(elec.) current, (naut.)
cloudy.
C, circa^ a'rciter, circum
(about).
O (inverted C), 500.
C.A., Chartered Account-
ant, Chief Accountant,
commercial agent. Con-
federate Army,. Controller
of Accounts.
Ca (chem.), calcium.
ca., cases, cathode.
fa (Fr.), here.
Caaba*, the most sacred
shrine at Mecca, not K-.
caaing-whale, use
ca*ing — *.
cabana*, a cigar, not -na.
cabbala*, Heb. tradition,
not k-, cabala, -alia.
cabinet cards, 6^2 x ^^Uin.
cablegram*.
Cabul, use Kabul.
ca' canny (Sc), go easily!
cachemire, use cash-
mere*.
cacbG'poussiere (Fr. m.),
dust-coat, dust-cloak.
cachet*, a packet.
cachet* (Fr. m.), seal,
signet, characteristic.
cacique*, W. Indian and
S. Amer. chief, not caz-.
cacodemon*,an evilspirit,
not -daemon.
cacoetbesj* (Lat.), an evil
habit; — loquendi, an
itch for speaking ; — scri-
be ndiy ditto for writing.
cact/us* (bot.), //. -i.
caddis/*, May- fly larva, not
-ice ; ■wrorm*.
cadeauj* (Fr. m.), a gift ;
pi. -X,
cadi*, Oriental judge, not
k-.
cadit qusestio (Lat.), the
question falls.
cadmium *, symbol Cd*.
caduce/us*, pi. -i*.
Cadwaladr, Welsh prince,
not -allader.
CSBc/um*, the blind gut, not
ce-; pi. -a*.
Caedmon, d. 670, poet, not
Ce- ; pron. ked'mon.
Caermarthen, use Car-.
Caernarvon, use Car-.
casrulean, use ce- *.
CaBsar/, -ean*, «o^-ian.
CaBsarea Philippi.
caesium*, symbol Cs*.
caBsura*, division of a
metrical line, not ce-.
caBteris paribus, use
ce-,
cafe* (Fr. m.), coffee-house
(6, not ital.).
caf6\ au lait (Fr.), coffee
and milk ; — noir, strong
coffee without milk.
caffe (It.), coffee-house (i).
CafiEre, use Kafir*.
caftan *, Turkish, etc., gar-
ment, not k-.
Caher, Co. Limerick.
cabier* (Fr. m.), a paper
book, sheets of MS., exer-
cise book.
Cahir, Tipperary.
Caiaphas, high priest
45
CAILLIAUD — CALOTTE
Cailliaud (F.), 1787-1886,
Fr. traveller,
caiman, use cay-*.
Cainan, grandson of Seth
(see also Canaan).
Caine (T. H. Hall),
1853-, writer,
ca'ing- whale*, a porpoise,
not caa-.
cainozoic* (geol.), not
caeno-, ceno-, kai-.
caique*, a boat, not cai-.
**Ca ira," That's the thing!
Fr. song.
Cairene, native of Cairo.
Cairnes (J. E.), 1823-75,
economist.
Cairns (Earl), 1819-85,
Lord Chancellor,
caisson*, ammunition
chest, not cassoon ; pron.
kasoon.
Caister - on - Sea, Great
Yarmouth.
Caistor, Lines, Norfolk.
Caius College, Camb,
pron. kez ; abbr, C.C,
cajuput* (bot.), not caja-,
caje-.
caky, not -ey.
Cal., California (oflBcial
abbreviation),
cal., calendar.
cal. (mus.), calando.
calabrasella, a card game,
calamanco*, a woollen
stuff, not cali-, calli-.
calamary*, the squid.
calamus* J a reed, a pen.
calando* (mus.), tone and
rate diminished ; abbr.
cal.
calcareous*, Ko/-ious.
calcedony, use chal-*.
calcium*, symbol Ca*.
calculator*, not -er.
ca/ai/er(Fr.typ.),to "cast
off" MS.
calcul/us*, internal con-
cretion ; pi. -i*.
Caldecott (Randolph),
1846-86, artist.
caldron, use caul-*.
calendas, calends, not k-.
46
calendar *, an almanac,
not k- ; abbr. cal.
calender *, to make
smooth.
calender* (Pers.,Turk.), a
dervish, not k-.
calends*, the first day of
the m onth ; the Greek — ,
a time that never comes,
not k-.
calf, abbr. cf.
" Caliban upon Sete-
bos," by R. Browning,
calibre*, not -er.
Calibum*, King Arthur's
sword, not cala-, cale-.
calico/*, pi. -es.
California, official abbr.
Cal.
calig/a, episcopal stocking;
pi. -80.
caligraphy, use calli-*.
calimanco, use cala-*.
caliper, use calliper*.
caliph/*, -ate*, not -if,
kalif, -iph.
calippic, use calli-*.
calisaya*, cinchona bark.
calisthenics, not call-.
cal/ix, use -yx.*.
calk, use caulk*.
Callander, Perth.
Callendar (Prof. H. L.),
1863-, physicist and
stenographer (see also
cale-).
calligraphy*, not cali-.
Calliope, muse of elo-
quence ; pron. ka-ly'6-p6.
calliper*, not cali-.
callippic *, not cah-.
Callirrhoe, wife of Alc-
maeon ; pron. kal-i-r5'e.
callisthenics, use call-.
Calmann - Ij6vy, pub-
lisher, Paris.
calmia (bot.), use k-*.
Calmucks, use Kal-.
calorescence*.
calori/meter*, heat meas-
urer; -motor*, voltaic
battery.
calotte *, skull-cap, not
-ote, callot.
CALTROP — CANON
caltrop* (mil.), iron ball
with spikes, not -throp,
-trap.
calumniator*, not -er.
Calve (Emma), 1866-,
Fr. singer.
Calverleigh, S. Devon.
Calverley, Leeds, and Tun-
bridge Wells ; — (C. S.),
1835-84, writer.
caly/x*, not -'vs.; pi. -ces*.
Camaeho*s wedding,
useless show.
Camaralzaman, in ** Ara-
bian Nights."
Camb, Cambridge.
camblet, use camlet*.
Cambodia, near Siam, not
-oja, Kamboja.
Cambrai, Fr., not -ray.
cambrai, machine-made
lace.
Cambray stone, moss
agate.
Cambridge/, abbr. Camb.
Cantab.; — Univer-
sity, C.U.
Cambridgeshire, abbr.
Cambs.
Camd. Soc, Camden So-
ciety.
camellia*, «o/-elia.
camelopard*, the giraffe,
not -leopard.
camelot, use camlet "^
Camembert, a cheese.
cameo/*, pi. -s.
^amera/*, pi. -s; — ob-
scura*, not — oscura.
Camera Stellata, the Star
Chamber.
Cameroons, Ger. Afr., use
Kamerun.
camlet*, a woollen stuflf,
«o/-blet, -elot.
Camoens (Luis de),
1524-80, Port, poet, not
CamO-.
camomile * (bot.), not cha-.
Campagna di Boma, the
plain round Rome.
campanile/*, a belfry ; pi.
-8.
Campbell - Bannerman
(Sir H.), 1836-1908,
statesman (hyphen).
Campbeltown, Argyl.
Campeche Bay, City, or
State, Mexico,KO/-peachy.
camp jo (It.), open ground,
pi. -i; campo santo (It.,
Sp.), a cemetery.
Can., Canada.
can., canon, canto, cantoris.
Canaan, son of Ham {see
also Cainan).
Canada, abbr. Can.
Canada* (Sp.), a gorge.
canaille * (Fr.f.),the rabble.
Canaker, use Kanaka *.
Canaletto (Antonio),
1697-1768, It. painter.
canalize ♦, not -ise.
Canapitset, Mass.,«o/-ett.
Canara, Bombay, use K-.
canardi* (Fr.m.), an absurd
story, a duck ; — sali-
vate, wild-duck.
canaster*, a tobacco, not k-.
cancel* (typ.), deleted
matter, a reprint correct-
ing error, the signature to
be preceded by *.
cancel/*, -led*, -ler*,
-ling*, -ment*.
Candahar, use K-.
candelabr/um*, a candle-
stand ; pi. -a *.
« Candide ", by Voltaire.
Candiote, native of Candia,
more usually Cretan.
Candlemas-Day, 2 Feb.
canepborjos* (arch.), pi.
canetOD (Fr. m.), duck-
ling.
Cannabis*, «o/Cana-.
Cannes, S. Fr.; pron. kan.
Canning (George), 1770-
1827, statesman ; —
(C. J., Earl), 1812-62,
statesman.
cannon/*, -ade*; in Fr.
m. canonic -nade.
cannon-bone *,«o/canon-.
canny* (Sc), knowing,
not -ie.
canon, abbr. can.
47
CANON — CAPITALIZATION-
canon* (typ.), Eng. forty-
four point type, about
three-fifths of an inch
deep.
canon* (Sp.), a gorge ;
pron. ka'nyon.
canonize*, not -ise.
" Canon's Yeoman's
Tale ", by Chaucer.
Canosa, Abruzzi, S. Italy.
Canossa, Modena, N. Italy ;
to go to — , "to eat
humble pie".
Canova (Antonio), 1757-
1822, It. sculptor.
Canrobert (F. C), 1809-
95, Marshal of France.
canst* (no apos.).
Cant., Canterbury, Can-
ticles.
can't* (typ.), to be set close
up.
Cantabrigian*, of Cam-
bridge, not -dgian.
Cantabrigiensis, of Cam-
bridge University ; abbr.
Cantab.
cantaloup*, a musk-melon,
not -eloup, -eleup.
Canterbury, abbr. Cant.
canticle*, a hymn; abbr.
cant.
Canticum Canticorum,
** The Song of Songs ".
cantilever*, a form of
bridge, not -alever, -iliver.
cantinijer*, fem. -hre*,
a canteen-keeper.
Cantire, Argyl, use Kin-
tyre.
canto/*, a song; pi. -s*,
abbr. can.
cantonment*, military
quarters ; pron. kan-toon'-
ment.
cantoris, of a precentor ;
abbr. can.
Cantor Lectures (Royal
College of Physicians, and
Society of Arts).
Cantuar,, Cantuan'a, Can-
tuariensis (of Canterbury).
Cantuar: signature Abp.
of Canterbury (colon).
Cantuarian, of Canter-
bury.
Canute, use Cnut.
canvas*, coarse linen,
canvass*, to solicit votes.
caoutchouc*, india-rubber.
cap., capital letter, capitu-
lutn (a small head, or
knob), foolscap.
cap., caput (head).
cap-k-pie*, from head to
foot, not — a — (not ital.).
Cape/ (typ.), when with
name cap. ; — Breton,
Nova Scotia, not Briton,
Britton, Britun, abbr.
C.B. ; — Haitien, W.
Indies, not Hay- ; —
of Good Hope, abbr.
C.G.H.
capercailzie*, not -caillie.
Capernaite*, inhabitant
of Capernaum.
Cape Town, S. Africa
(caps., no hyphen).
Cape Verd Islands, not
— de Verd, — Verde.
capibara, use capy-*.
capitalize*, «o^-ise.
capitalization*. When
in doubt use lower case.
Initial capitals for : —
Abstract qualities
personified: OFame!
Acts of Parliament
(titles of).
Adjectives derived from
proper names, as Ga^
gantuan, Homeric, but
not those which by use
have become common,
as brussels sprouts,
morocco leather.
Architectural pe-
riods : the Renais-
sance.
Associations,as Charity
Organisation Society.
Bible, and synonyms.
Botany, all divisions
higher than species, that
is, genera, families,
orders, classes {see also
botany).
CAPITALIZATION
capitalization {cont).
Churches, as Wesleyan
Church.
Compass point abbre-
viations, N., N. b E.,
N.N.E., N.E. b N.,
etc.
Compound titles,
as Assistant -Adjutant-
General, Chief Justice,
Ex-President, Major-
General, Vice-Presi-
dent.
Days, as Christmas Day,
Lady Day, Monday,
New Year's Day.
Deity (the Christian)
synonyms and pro-
nouns, as Almighty,
Christ, Donitnus, Fa-
ther, God, He, Him,
Himself, His, Jehovah,
Lord, Me, Mine, the
Deity, Thee, the Holy
Trinity, Thine, Thy,
Who, Whom.
Emphasis — as a means
of.
Festivals, as Easter,
Whitsuntide.
German substantives,
but not adjectives de-
rived from proper
names, or denoting a
class ; also personal
pronouns of the second
person.
Government (the).
Historic names and
phrases, as the Dark
Ages, the Plague,
etc.
House of Lords,
Commons, etc.
Interrogation: the next
word following a note
of interrogation (?)
should generally begin
with a capital letter.
MS., MSS., manuscript,
-s (one point only).
Nicknames, as the Iron
Duke, the Admirable
Crichton.
capitalization (cont.).
O I and Oh I— the inter-
jections.
Palaeontology, all divis-
ions higher than species.
Periods, caps, after all,
except abbreviations.
Poetry, beginning of
each line in modern
English and French ;
not necessarily in Ger-
man, Latin, or Greek.
Political bodies, as
Assembly, Senate.
Postal district abbre-
viations, as E.C.
Proper names, includ-
ing English Christian
names, surnames, and
names of an individual,
family, place, locality,
and the like, except
initial ^ Also verbs
formed from them, as to
Boycott.
P.S., postscript (two
points).
Quotations, complete
and intended to be em-
phatic : " Thou art the
man."
Hank, when individuals
are referred to or ad-
dressed by their rank,
as " the Squire said ",
" Good evening, Gen-
eral ".
Religious denomina-
tions. Nonconformist.
Hoads, Gardens,
Gates, Groves,
Hills, Parks,
Squares, Streets,
Terraces, etc., when
with name.
Sects, as the Primitive
Methodists.
Sovereign (the), in pro-
clamations, all personal
pronouns referring to,
as Him, His, etc. •
Speeches, first letter of
cited.
State (the).
49 i
CAPITALIZATION — CARAWAY
capitalization (cont).
Titles, and Sub-titles,
ofbookSjthe important
words only, as "Com-
promise", "I Forbid
the Banns".
Titles of corporations.
Board of Trade.
Titles of courtesy and
of honour: H.R.H.,
T.R.H., President
Roosevelt, His Grace,
Sir John Smith, J.
Smith, Esq., Mr. J.
Smith, etc.
Titles of distinction,
as F.R.S., LL.D., are
usually put in large
caps. Even s.caps often
improve general effect.
Titles of periodicals,
pictures, plays, etc.:
"The Times"; "Chill
October"; "Hamlet."
Titles of poems and
songs, vv^hen formed
from the first line, to
be similarly capitalized,
as " I Fear no Foe",
" Where the Bee
Sucks ".
Trade Association
Titles : Ironfounders
Engineers (no apos.
used by this Assoc).
Zoology, all divisions
higher than species :
genera, families, orders,
capital letter, abbr. cap.
capitals (large), indicat-
ed in MS. by three lines
underneath the letter ;
abbr. cap. {See also
capitalization. )
capitals (small'^ , usually
ABOUT TWO -THIRDS SIZE
OF LARGE CAPS., AS THIS
TYPE, indicated in MS.
by two lines underneath ;
may be used (with initials
in- large caps.) in printed
letters for the address,
date, and signature, and
for name of newspaper in
paper itself ; they should
not be used for side-head-
ings in catalogues, dic-
tionaries, and educational
works. They are not
used in German or Gr.
Abbr. s.cap.,/)/. s.caps.;
even s.caps, ditto with-
out large initials.
capitulum (Lat), a small
head, or knob ; abbr. cap.
capres (Fr. pi. f.), capers.
caps, and smalls (typ.),
to set in small capitals
with the initial letters in
large capitals ; abbr. c.
and s.c.
capsize *, not -ise.
Captain, abbr. Capt.
caption *<typ.), the heading
of a chapter, section, or
page (used mostly in
America).
Captivity (the) of the
Jews (cap. C).
capucine*, dark-orange
colour.
caputj* (Lat.), head, abbr.
cap, ; — mortuum *,
worthless residue.
capybara*, largest living
rodent, not capi-.
Car., Carolus (Charles).
car, bog, pool, us€ carr*.
car., carat.
carabiniers, not carb-.
Caracci, family of painters,
1 550-161 9, not Carr-.
Caractacus, fl. a.d. 50,
King of Silures.
carafe*, water-bottle, not
-S, -ffe.
caratnbal (Sp.), wonder-
ful ! how strange !
carat*, a weight, not
caract, carrat, karat ; abbr.
K., or car.
caratcb* (Turk.), tax on
Christians, not -ach, -age.
Caravaggio (M. A. A.),
1569-1609, painter.
caravanserai*, «o/-sary,
-sera, -sery.
cara"way*, not carra-.
50
CARBINEERS — CARRAT
carbineers, use cara-
biniers.
carbolize *, not -ise.
carbon*, symbol C*.
carbonize*, not -ise.
carburetted*, not -eted.
carburettor*, not -er.
carcass/*, not -ase ; pi. -es.
carcinom/a*, pi. -ata*.
card., cardinal.
cardamom.*, not -on.
cards (sizes of) :
cabinet, e'^/g X 47i6 in.
carte de visite, 4^/g x 2^3
double large, 6 x 472
„ small, 4'/4X37g
extra thirds, 3^16 x I'/g
half large, s^/iexaV^
„ small, 27,6 xi'/^
large, 4V2X3VH
quad large, 9 x e'/g
„ small, 7^8 X 4^'/ie
reduced small, s^a x 2^8
small, a'/i,x3»/i,
thirds, 3^18 x i^a
carSme (Fr. m.), Lent.
care of, abbr. c/o.
Care Sunday* (Sc), fifth
in Lent.
caret*, insertion mark (a).
car/ex*, sedge; pi. -ices*.
Carey (Henry), d. 1743,
poet and composer ; —
(Matthew), 1760-1839,
publicist ; — (Rosa W.),
writer ; — Lane, E. C,
— Road, N. E. ,— Street,
W.C. {see also Cary).
carfax*, the intersection
of streets, not -fox.
cargo/*, pi. -es*.
Caribbean* Sea, not
Carr-.
Cariboo, Brit. Columbia.
caribou*, American rein-
deer, not -boo.
Caribou Mountain,
Idaho.
cariole, use carr-*.
Carisbrooke, LW.
carita (It. art), representa-
tion of maternal love.
Carleton, Yorks.
Carlile (Richard), 1790-
1843, politician; Carlile
(Rev. W.), 1847-, head
of Church Army (see also
Carlisle, Carlyle).
carling* (naut.), a short
beam, not -line.
Carling Sunday*, fifth
in Lent, not -lin.
Carlisle, Cumberland ; —
(Earl of); — (J. G.),
1 835-, American states-
man (see also Carlile,
Carlyle).
Carlovingian *, not K-.
Carlovitz, Austria, not
Karlowitz.
Carls/bad, -krona, -ruhe,
use J8I-.
Carlton, Beds, Cambs,
Notts, Yorks.
Carlyle (Thomas), 1795-
1881, writer (see also Car-
lile, Carlisle).
Carlylean*,Mo^-eian, -ian.
Carmagnola, Piedmont.
" Carmagnole " *, Fr.song
and dance.
Carmarthen, not Caer-.
Carnarvon, not Caer-.
Carnatic, India, use K-.
" Carnaval de Venise,"
popular air.
Carnegie (Andrew),
1837-* millionaire ; pron.
kar-na'g6.
carnelian, use cor-*,
carn/ival*, in Fr. m. -aval,
in Ger. n. Carneval.
Carnoustie, Forfar; pron.
-oosty.
carol/*, -er*, -ing*.
Carolus*, Charles ; abbr.
Car.
Carpathian Mts. ,«s* K-.
carpe diem (Lat.), enjoy
the day.
carpet/*, -ed, -ing*.
carpjus*, the wrist ; pi. -/.
carr*, bog, pool, not car.
Carracci, use Caracci.
carrageen*, Irish moss,
not — moss, -gheen.
Carrara marble.
carrat, use carat*.
51 i*
CARRAWAY — CASSOON
carraway, use cara-*.
carrelet (Fr. cook, m.),
flounder.
Carribbean, use Cari-*.
Carrigtwohill, Cork (one
word).
Carrington (Earl, not
of).
carriole*, a carriage, not
cariole.
carrot*, in French f.
carotte.
Carrousel (Place du),
Paris.
Carrutherstown, Dum-
fries (one word).
Carsebreck, Scotch curi-
ing centre.
Carse o* Gowrie, Pertli.
carte* (fencing), «o/quarte.
carte blanche*, full dis-
cretion (not itaL) ; abbr.
c.bl.
carte-de-visite/*, pi.
carteB-de-visite*;abbr.
c.d.v. ; — cards, 4^1 x
2V3 in.
cartel*, a challenge, «o/ ch-.
Carter, Paterson & Co.,
carriers, London.
cartography*, not ch-.
cartouche* (arch.), scroll
ornament, (archaeol.) en-
closing line on ancient
Egyptian monuments, not
-ch.
Cartouche (L. D.), 1693-
1721, Fr. Dick Turpin.
carvel-built* (naut.),
with smooth planking.
Cary (H. F.), 1772-1844,
translator of Dante ; —
(Lucius), Lord Falkland,
1610-43; — (Phoebe),
1824-71, writer {see also
Carey).
caryatid/*, female figure as
a column; pi. -es*.
caryop/sis*, a fruit ; pi.
-sides*.
C.A.S., Connecticutensis Ac-
ademic Socius (Fellow of
the Connecticut Academy
of Arts and Sciences).
** Casa GuidiWindows,"
by Mrs. Browning.
Casaubon (Isaac), 1559-
1614, scholar.
cascara/* (Sp.), a bark
canoe ; — sagrada, a
drug.
casein*, not -ine.
cases, abbr. ca.
cash*, Chinese coin, ^/^d. ;
Sumatran — , i^/jd. (not
ital.).
cash., cashier.
Cashmer, India, use K-.
cashmere*, soft wool
fabric, not -meer, cache-
mere, -ire {see also cassi-
mere).
Casimir-Perier ( J.P.P.),
1847-1907, French Pres.
1894-5 (no accent).
casing, a brown paper,
46 X 36 in.
casino/*, pL -a (not ital.).
cask/, -s, abbr. ck.
Caslon tjrpe, an "old-
faced" type as cut by
W. Caslon, 1692-1766.
cassareep*, a condiment,
not -ireepe.
Cassation (Cour de) ♦ (f.),
highest court of France.
cassava* (hot.), the man-
ioc, not -e, casava.
Cassegrainian*, a form of
telescope (cap.).
Cassel, Ger., use K-.
casse paper* (typ.), out-
side quires of a ream, not
cassie — .
cassetur billa (law), let
the bill be quashed.
Cassim Baba,in "Arabian
Nights."
cassimere*, twilled wool-
len cloth, not casi-, karsi-
mer, kerseymere {see also
cashmere).
Cassiopeia (astr.), a con-
stellation.
Cassivellaunus,y7. 50 b.c. ,
British prince.
cassoon, an ammunition
chest, use caisson*.
5a
CAST — CATTEQAT
cast (typ.), a direction that
the proof is passed and
the plate may be made.
CasteUammare (2 m's).
caster*, one who casts {see
also -or).
Castle Gary, Somerset.
Castlecary, Dumbarton,
Londonderry.
Castlerea, pron. -ray.
Castlereagh, pron. -ray.
Castleton, Derby.
Castletown, I. of Man.
cast/ off (typ.), to estimate
amount of printed matter
MS. would make ; — up,
to estimate cost of com-
position.
castor*, a beaver or its fur,
a wheel for furniture {see
also -er).
Castor and Pollux, stars,
also patrons of sailors.
casus j belli (Lat.), the
cause of war; — fcsderis,
case stipulated by treaty ;
— omissus f case unpro-
vided for by statute.
cat., catalogue, cataplasm,
catechism.
catachthonian*, subter-
ranean.
cataclysmist*, «o^-matist.
Catalan*, of Catalonia;
abbr. Cat.
Catalan! (Angelica),
1 782-1849, singer.
Cataline, not Cati-.
catalogu/e*, abbr. cat. ;
-ed*, -er*, -ing*, -ize*.
catalogue raisonnS
(Fr. m.), an explanatory
catalogue.
catalytic*, «o/k-.
catamaran*, a raft.
cataplasm *, abbr. cat.
catarrhine*, a section of
the monkeys, not -arhine.
Catch (Jack), use Ke-*.
catch-line* (typ.), a tem-
porary head-line on
proofs, etc.
catchpole*, a sheriflF's
ofl&cer, not -poll.
catchup*, a sauce, usually
ketchup *, not catsup,
katsup, ketsup.
catchword* (typ.), the
heading of each article in
a dictionary, etc. (see also
headings, index, etc.).
catechism, abbr. cat.
catechiz/e*, -er*, -ing*.
catechu*, an astringent,
not cascheu, caschu.
categorize*, to classify.
caten/a*, a chain ; pi. -sb.
catenati, chained books.
cater/* (campan.), changes
on nine bells ; corner-
ed*, sheets of paper not
cut square ; cousin*,
a good friend.
Cath., Catherine, Catholic.
cath., cathedral.
Catharine/, Kansas, New
York, Pennsylvania; — de*
Medici, 1519-89, Queen
of France, not -erine.
Cathay, poetical for China,
not K-.
cathedral, when with name
cap., as Ely Cathedral ;
abbr. cath.
Catherine, abbr. Cath.
catttismja, Gr. Ch. Psalter;
pi. -ata.
cathod/e*, abbr. ca. ; -ic,
-ograph; notk-.
Catholic, abbr. C, or
Cath.
catholicize*, not -ise.
Catholicos*, Patriarch of
Armenia, not -kos.
cation* (elec), electro-
positive element, not k- ;
pron. kat'i-On.
cat-o*-nine-tails* (hy-
phens).
cat*s-cradle*, a children's
game, «o/cratch-, scratch-.
Catskill Mountains,
New York.
cat*s paw* (naut.), a light
air, not catspaw.
catsup, see catchup*.
Cattegat, W. of Sweden ;
in Dan. Kattegat.
53
CATTERMOLE — CCA.
Cattermole (George),
1800-68, painter.
Cattleya, an orchid genus.
caubeen*, the Irish hat.
Cauchy (A. L.), 1789-
1857, French mathemati-
cian.
caught (cricket), abbr. c.
cauldron*, «o/cal-.
caulk*, to make water-
tight, not calk.
caus., causation, -tive.
causaj causans* (Lat.), a
primary cause ; — cau-
sata*j a secondary cause ;
— mali, a cause of mis-
chief; vera — *, a true
cause.
causati/on, -ve, abbr.
caus.
cause cSlhbre (Fr. f.),
famous law case.
causerie (not ital.).
causeur (Fr. m.), a con-
versationalist, tattler.
causeuse* (Fr. f.), a small
sofa.
cauterize*, not -ise.
cautery* (actual), by hot
iron ; electric — , by
platinum wire ; poten-
tial — , by caustics.
cautionnement (Fr. m.),
bail.
cav., cavalry.
C.a.v, (law), curia advisare
vult (the court desires to
consider).
cava, use k-*.
Cavagnari(SirIj.), 1841-
79-
Cavalcaselle (G. B.),
1820-97, It. writer on art.
"Cavalleria Rustica-
na" (Rustic Gallantry),
opera by Mascagni 1890 ;
pron. ka-val-a-re'a — .
cavalry, abbr. cav.
cavass, Turkish police
officer, use Is.-*.
caveat} actor(LB.t.), let the
doer beware ; — emptor,
ditto buyer; — viator,
ditto traveller.
caveator*, one who enters
a caveat.
cave canem (Lat.), beware
of the dog.
cavel (naut.), a cleat, not
-il, kevil.
cavesson*, a nose-band for
horses, not -zon.
caviare*, not -ar, -arre,
-er, -ere (not ital.).
cavil/*, -led, -ler*,
-ling*.
cavo-rilievjo* (It.), hollow
relief;//. — -/.
Cavour (count C),
1810-61, It statesman.
Cawnpore, India, not
-pur.
Caxton ("William), 1422-
91, first English printer;
a genuine book of his has
no title page, no roman
^' or italic type, no commas
of ordinary shape, no
catchwords.
Cayenne, or Pr. Guiana.
Cayley (Arthur), 1821-
95, mathematician.
cayman/*, Amer. alligator,
not cai-, kai- ; pi. -B,
cazique, use cacique*.
C.B., Cape Breton, Cavalry
Brigade, Chief Baron,
Common Bench, Com-
panion of the Bath, Con-
fined to Barracks ; cbL,
carte blanche; C.B.S.,
Confraternity of the
Blessed Sacrament.
C.C., Caius College, Cape
Colony, Chess Club,
Christ Church, Circuit
Court, City Council, -lor,
Civil Court, Common
Councilman,
Consular
Clerk, County Clerk,
— Commissioner, — Coun-
cil, -lor, — court, Cricket
Club, Crown Clerk, Curate
in Charge, Cycling Club ;
CC, 200; C.C, compte
courant (account current),
cubic centimeter ; cc,
ca^Va (chapters); C.C A..
54
C.C.C. — CENTUM
Chief Clerk of the Ad-
miralty ; C.C.C., Corpus
Christi College; CCC,
300; CCCC, or CD,
400 ; C.C.C.S., Colonial
and Continental Church
Society; C.C.P., Code
of Civil Procedure, Court
of Common Pleas ;
C.Cr.P., Code of Crimi-
nal Procedure ; C.C.S.,
Ceylon Civil Service.
CD, 400; Cd (chem.),
cadmium ; C.d., cum
dividend (with dividend);
C.D.S.O., Companion of
the Distinguished Service
Order, usually D.S.O. ;
c.d. v., carte-de-visite.
C.E., Canada East, Chief
Engineer, Church of
England, Civil Engineer.
Ce (chem.), cerium.
Cead mile failte ro-
mhat (Irish), a hundred
thousand welcomes before
thee.
Cecidomyia destructor,
the Hessian fly.
cedar*, a tree.
ceder*, one who cedes.
cedilla* c (typ.), the f.
eel., celebrated.
celaj est selon (Fr.), that
depends on circumstances
(use d'est selon) ; —
va sans dire, that is a
matter of course ; — vien-
dra, that will come.
celebrated, abbf. eel.
celebrator*, not -er.
cSlebre (Fr.), famous.
cSIerJ {Fr. m.), celery.
celestialize*, ttot -ise.
celiac, use cceliac*.
cSIibataire* (Fr. m. or f),
a bachelor or spinster.
cellar*, not -er.
*celli, see 'cello.
Cellini (Benvenuto),
1500-71, sculptor and en-
graver.
'cellist (mus.), a violoncello
plaj'er; pron. ch6l'ist.
'cell/o*, violoncello; pron.
chel'o, pi. -i.
Cels., Celsius (temperature
scale same as centigrade).
Celt/*, -ic*, -icism*, not
K- ; abbr. Celt,
cembalist*, • orchestral
piano-player.
Cene Thursday*, day be-
fore Good Friday,
cenogamy, use cce-*.
cenozoic, «s^caino-*.
censer*, incense vessel,
censor*, Roman magis-
trate.
censor morum (Lat.), a
regulator of morals,
cent., centigrade, central,
century,
cent/, -s, American coin;
abbr. c, ct., or cts.
cental/, -s, abbr. etl.
centauromaohy, a battle
between centaurs,
centen/ary*, -nial*.
centering*, framing for an
arch, not -reing {see also
centre),
centigrade* (not cap.);
abbr. C.*, or cent,
centigram, off. spell. Board
of Trade, not -gramme ;
abbr. c, or eg.
centilitre *, '07 gill, not -er ;
abbr. cl.
centime/, -s, abbr. c, or
cts.
centimetre *, -394 inch, not
-er; abbr. 5. and pi.
cm.
Centner*, in Ger. iio^i
lb.; in U.S.A. 100 lb.
central, abbr. cent,
centralize*, «o^-ise.
centr/e*, -ed*, -ing* (s^
also centering),
centre-notes (typ.), those
between columns.
Centrist*, member of Fr.
Central party ; or of Ger.
Ultramontanes.
cents, abbr. c, or cts.
centum*, a hundred; abbr.
C, or cent (no point).
55
CENTXJMVIR — CHADAR
centum vir/*, Roman com-
missioner; pi. -i*.
century (typ.), spell out
in bookwork ; abbr. C,
or cent. {See also nine-
teenth century.)
cephalic *,-«o/k-.
ceramic*, etc, «o/k-; abbr.
ceram.
Cerberus* (Greek myth.).
cerebell/um*, the hinder
brain ; pi. -a.
cerebr/um*, the brain
proper ; pi. -a.
cere/cloths *, - ments *,
grave-clothes; /»ro«. seer-.
cereous*, waxy.
cerge, use cie- *.
ceriph (typ. ), use serif.
cerise (Fr. f.), cherry.
cerise*, a colour.
cerium*, symbol Ce*.
cern*, to inherit.
ceme *, to surround.
cert., certificate, certify.
certiorari*, a writ (not
ital.).
cerulean*, not cae-, cae-,
coe-.
Cervantes Saavedra
(Miguel de), 1547-1616,
author of " Don Quixote. "
Cesarean, use Cae-*.
Cesarevitch, heir to Rus-
sian throne, use Ts-.
Cesarewitch, horse-race.
cespititious*, cespi-
tous*, turfen.
cesser* (law), the coming
to an end.
c'est/.^-d/re(Fr.),thatis to
say ; — k vous a parJer,
it is your turn to speak ;
— k vous de parler, it
is your duty to speak ;
— bien fa, that's just it ;
—Ja guerre, it's accord-
ing to the customs of war ;
— le premier pas qui
COtJtte, it is the first step
that is diflBcult.
Cestr., signature of Bishop
of Chester (full point).
Cestrian*, of Chester.
(festjseion (Fr.), that de-
pends on circumstances ;
— tout dire, that's say-
ing everything.
cestui que/ trust* (law),
a beneficiary, pi. cestuis
— — (npi trustent); —
— vie*, he on whose life
land is held, pi. cestuis
c'est uae autre cliose*,
that's another matter.
cestus *,a girdle,«o/ -os,-on.
cesura, use cbb- *.
ceteraj desiderantur or
— desunt (Lat.), the rest
are wanting.
ceteris paribus* (Lat.),
other things being equal,
not cae-.
Cetinje, capital of Monte-
negro, not Cettin,Cetinge,
Cettinje, Zetinje.
C.E.T.S., Church of Eng-
land Temperance Society.
C.F., Chaplain to the Forces ;
cf., calf, co«/%r (compare) ;
c.f.i., cost, freight, and
insurance.
C.G.,Captain-General,Cap-
tain of the Guard, coast-
guardjColdstream Guards,
Commissary - General,
Consul-General ; eg., cen-
tigram ; C.G.H., Cape of
Good Hope; C.G.S., cen-
timetre - gramme - second
system, Commissary-Gen-
eral of Subsistence.
C.H., Captain of the Horse,
court - house, custom
house ; Ch., China, -ese,
Church, and proper names
with this beginning, (Lat.)
Chirurgix (of surgery);
ch., chapter, chief, child,
-ren, chirurgeon, (mus.)
choir organ.
cliaconne*, dance.^
cbacunsongo6t{a) (Fr.),
every one to his taste.
Chad (Lake), use Tchad.
chadar (Ind.), use cbud-
dar*.
t^-.
56
CHAIRMAN — CHAR
chairman (m. and f.),
abbr. C, or chn.
chaise-longue*, a couch.
chal*, a. gipsy ; /em. chai*. ♦
chalaz/a* (biol.), />/. -aB*.
chalcedony*, a quartz, not
calce-, chalci- ; pron. kal-.
Chald/aic*, -aism* (not
-aeism), -ean*, -ee*;
abbr. Chald.
chalet*, a Swiss cottage,
not cha- (notital.).
Challemel-Lacour (P.
A.), 1827-96, French
statesman.
chamb., chamberlain.
"Chambers's Encyclo-
paedia**, etc.
Chambertin*, a Burgundy
wine.
cbambrej h coucber
(Fr. f.), bedroom, pi.
cbambres — — ; —
(Faail, spare bedroom,
chameleon*, not chamse-.
chamfer*, to bevel,
chamois-leather *, not
shammy- — .
chamomile, usg cam-*.
Chamonix, dep. Haute-
Savoie, not -ouni, -ounix,
-ouny.
champagne*, a wine,
champaign*, a flat open
country,
champerty*, an illegal
agreement, not -arty.
cbamplgnon* (Fr. m.), a
mushroom, not -pinion.
champlev6, an enamel.
Champollion (J. F.),
1791-1831, Egyptol.
Champs Elysees, Paris.
Chancellor, abbr. C, or
Chanc.
chance-medley* (law), a
form of homicide(hyphen).
Chancery, abbr. C.
change/able*, -ability*,
channel/*, -led*, -ling*,
chanson/* (Fr. f.), a song;
-nette*, a little song,
chant/ *, singing ; -er *, of
bagpipes, tiot chau-.
57
chantey (naut.), a sailor's
song, not -ty.
Chantilly, dep. Oise.
Chantrey/ (Sir F.), 1781-
1841, sculptor ; — Fund,
Royal Academy of Arts,
London.
chap/*, a skin-crack, not
chop.
chap., chaplain, chapter.
Chapeauj *{Fr.m.), ahat,/>/.
-x; cbapeaux has I hats
off ! cbapeau rouge, red
cap of the Republic.
chapel* (typ.), an associa-
tion of journeymen in a
printing office.
Chapel Hill, Lines and
Yorks (two words).
Chapelhill, Perth (one
word).
cbapelle ardente (Fr. f.), a
chapel lighted for a lying
in state (no hyphen).
chapelonians(typ.), mem-
bers of a '' chapel."
Chapel Royal, pi. Chap-
els — .
Chapel Town, Monmouth.
Chapeltown, Banff, Co.
Down, Kerry, Yorks
(one word).
chaperon*, «o^one,-onne.
chaplain, abbr. chap.
Chappell (William),
1809-88, music publisher,
London.
Chaptal (J. A.), 1756-
1832, introduced metric
system.
chapter/, -s, abbr. c, ch.,
or chap. ; (typ.) first
words. caps. With fancy
initial, rest of word to
be in caps. If first two
words a proper name,
both to be in s.caps. ;
— (cited titles of), to
be roman double-quoted.
chapter-headings (typ.),
type a matter of taste ; no
general rule can be stated.
char/*, -red*, -ring*.
char-^-banc*, an open
CHARACTERIZE — CHEMISTRY
carriage with transverse
seats;/'/.chars-^-bancs.
characteriz/e*, not -ise ;
-able*, -ation*, -er*.
charbon* (Fr. m.), coal,
also anthrax.
charg6 *, more fully ch arg6
d'affaires* (not ital).
Charity Organisation
Society, off.,«o^organiz-;
abbr. C.O.S.
Charlemagne, a.d. 744-
814.
Charles, abbr. C, orChas.
Charlottenbnrg, Berlin.
Charlotte Russe* (cook.),
a custard.
Charon* (class, myth.), the
ferryman ; pron. ka'ron.
charpoy* (Ang.-Ind.), bed-
stead, not -ai.
ehartel, use car- *.
Chartered Accountant,
abbr. C.A.
Charteris,/'ro«. char'ters.
charter-party* (naut.)
(hyphen).
chartography, use ca-*.
chart paper, machine-
made from best rags.
Chartreuse* (Fr. f.), a
liqueur.
Chartreux*, a Carthusian
monk.
Chas., Charles.
Chasles (Michel), 1793-
1880, mathematician.
cbassej* (Fr. f.), a liqueur
glassful, hunt; — marie,
coasting or fishing vessel.
cbassS (Fr. m.), a dancing
step.
chSsse (Fr. f.), a shrine.
Cbasseujr* (Fr.), a hunts-
man ; fem. -se.
chassis*, window sash, a
framework as of motor-
car (not ital.).
Chaste Week, one after
Quinquagesima Sunday.
chastis/e*, not -ize ;
-ement*, -ing*.
ch&teau/ * ( Fr. m . ) , a castle ;
pi. -X* (not ital.).
Chateaubriand (P.R. A.,
vicomte de), 1768-1848,
writer and statesman.
•Chateaubriant, dep.
Loire-Inferieure.
Chateaudun, dep.Eure-et-
Loir.
chateaux en Espagne
(Fr.), ''castles in the air."
Chateauguay, Quebec.
Ch§,teau-Ijaffitte,a claret
(hyphen, a/'s, 2 fs).
chatelain/*, lord of the
manor ; fent. -e*.
Chaucer (Geoffrey),
1340-1400.
chauffeur, motor - car
driver,
chaunt/, -er, use chant*.
chaussee* (Fr. f.), a cause-
way, the ground level.
chaussures*{FT. f.), boots,
shoes, etc.
Chautauqua, New York
State, celebrated resort.
Ch.B., Baccalaureus Chi-
rurgiae (Bachelor of
Surgery).
Ch. Ch., Christ Church,
Oxford,
cheek*, to stop (see also
cheque),
checker, use chequer*.
Cheddar cheese*, not-er.
cheeper *, partridge- or
grouse-chick.
Cheeryble Brothers, in
<' Nicholas Nickleby."
cheetah*, hunting leopard,
not chet-.
cbefj* (Fr. m.), a cook;
— de cuisine, head cook;
— d'orcbestre, leader
of the orchestra ; —
-d'ceuvre*, a master-
piece, pi. cbefs — *.
Cheiroptera*, not Chir-.
chem/ical*, -ist*, not chy- ;
abbr. chem.
chemin de fer(Fr. m . ) , rail-
way ; pi. cbemins .
chemistry* (typ.), caps, for
initial letters of symbols,
no point at end, or be-
58
CHEMULPO — CHIGNON
tween symbols of com-
pounds. Firil names in
reman, not caps., not chy-;
abbr. chem.
Chemulpo, Korea,«o/-pho.
cheque*, a written order
(see also check).
chequeen*, Ind, gold coin,
not -quin.
cheque paper (typ.),
hand-made from best rags.
chequer*, «o/ checker.
Cherbourg, d6p. Manche.
cherchez la femme (Fr.),
look for the woman.
chere amie (Fr. f.), a
sweetheart (^).
chirji (Fr.), fern, -/e,
darling {6).
Chersonese*, a peninsula.
cherub/*, pi. -s*, -im*.
cherubim*, the barn owl.
Cherubini (M. Ii. C.
Z. S.), 1760-1842, com-
poser; pron. k6-ru-be'n«.
Cheshire, abbr. Ches.
che sark sark (It.), what
will be, will be.
Chesil Beach, Dorset.
chess (masters of) : Albin,
Blackburne, Charousek,
Janowski, Lasker, Marco,
Maroczy, Morphy, Phil-
idor, Pillsbury, Popiel,
Schlechter, Staunton,
Steinitz, Tarrasch, Taub-
enhaus, Tchigorin,
Teichmann, Walbrodt,
Winawer, Zukertort.
"Chesse (The Game and
Playe of),*' the second
book printed by Caxton.
chestnut*, not chesnut.
chetah, use chee-*.
chetvert, a Russian dry
measure, not tzetver,
tschetwert.
chetvertak, Russian silver
coin, not tschetwertak,
tchetverka.
cheval* (Fr. m.), a horse,
pi. cbevaux ; cbevalj
de batallle, a favourite
subject ; — de frise*
(mil.), obstacle to advance,
usually in the pi. chevaux
de frise ; cheval de re-
tour, ticket-of-leave man.
chevalet*(mus.), the bridge
of a stringed instrument.
Che valier d" Industrie *
(Fr. m.), a swindler.
chevance* (law), usury.
chevaster*, chin bandage,
not -tre, -vestre, -vetre.
cheville*, violin peg.
chevrette*, glove leather.
chevreuil (Fr. m.), roe-
buck.
Chevreul (M. E.), 1786-
1889, French chemist.
Cheyne Walk, Chelsea;
pron. cha'n6.
Chi., Chicago.
Chianti, It. wine ; pron.
ke-ant'6.
chiaroscuro*, light and
shade, not chiaro-oscuro.
chibouk*, a Turkish pipe,
not -que, -buk.
chic*, "style" (not ital.).
Chicago, abbr. Chi.; pron.
shi-kar'go.
Chichele, Oxford profes-
sorship ;/roM.-6lg,«o/ -eel.
chick* (Ang.-Ind.), a
screen-Wind, not check,
cheek.
chickabiddy*, a term of
endearment, not chu-.
Chickahominy (battles
of the).
chicory*, «o/chiccory.
chief, abbr. C, or ch. ;
Chief/ Accountant,
C. A. ; — Baron, C.B. ;
— Justice* (caps., no
hyphen), abbr. C.J.
chield* (Sc), a young man.
chiffon*, dress fabric or
ornaments.
chiffonier*, a sideboard,
not -nnier (not ital.).
chiffoanjier (Fr.), /em.
-idre, rag collector (ital.).
chiffre (Fr. m.), figure, nu-
meral, monogram.
chignon*, a coil of hair.
59
CHIGOE — CHRIST
chigoe*, W. Indian para-
site, not jigger.
Chib (China), 14-1 Eng. in.,
not chee, cheh, chik.
child/, -ren, -ren's, abbr.
ch.
"Childe Harold's Pil-
grimage," by Byron,
1811-17.
Childermas*, 28 Dec.
childlike* (one word).
Chile, S. America, not
Chili; 6m/ Chilian.
Chilian-wallah, Punjab,
not Chill-, Killianwala.
chilli/*, red, or Guinea,
pepper, not chile, chili,
chilly ; pi. -es*.
chillness*.
chilogramma (It.), kilo-
gram.
Chimborazo, Ecuador.
chimer*, a bishop's gar-
ment, «o/-ere.
chimera*, a creation of
the imagination, not
-sera ; pron. kl-me'ra.
Chin/a, -ese, abbr. Chin.
chincapin*, dwarf chest-
nut, not -kapin, -quapin.
Chinchas, ancient Peru-
vians.
chinchona, wsaicin-*.
cbin6 (Fr.), coloured in
Chinese fashion.
Chinese/, abbr. Ch., or
Chin. ; — Classics, the
sacred books.
Cbing (China), 121 sq. ft.
cb^ingiChmsL), 72,600 sq. ft.
chip/*, -ped*, -ping*.
chipmuck*, a N.American
squirrel, not -munk.
chiromancy*, wo/cheiro--
Chiron, the centaur, not
Cheir-.
chiropodist*, not -ped- ;
pron. kl-.
Chiroptera, use Cheir-*.
chirosophy*, palmistry,
not cheir-.
chirrup/*, -ed, -ing*.
cbirurgiss (Lat.), of
surgery ; abbr. Ch.
chit*, chitty* (Ang.-Ind.),
a letter.
Chittagong, Bengal.
chlorine*, symbol CI*.
chloroformize*, «o/-ise.
chlorophyll* (bot.), not
-il, -yl.
Ch.M., Chirurgix Magister
(Master of Surgery).
chn., chairman.
chock-full*, «o/ choke-.
Chocta"W, N. American
Indians, not Chacatos,
Chactaws, Chakta.
choir*, part of a church, or
singers, not quire.
choke-full, use chock- *.
cholera morbus, cholera
disease.
Cholmeley, Cholmonde-
ley, Chomley, all pron.
chum'le.
Cholmondeley (Mar-
quess of) ; — (Mary),
writer ; — -Pennell
(H.), 1837-, writer.
chop, see chap.
Chopra (F. F.), 1810-49,
Polish composer.
«* Chops of the Chan-
nel***, west entrance to
English Channel.
chorus/*, pi. -es*; -ed*.
chose* (law), a thing.
Chose (Monsieur) (Fr.),
Mr. So-and-so.
cbota-bazri (Ang.-Ind.),
early breakfast.
Chota Nagpore, Ben-
gal.
cbouj (Fr. cook, m.), cab-
bage, puflF (pastry), a
dress rosette ; fleur,
cauliflower (hyphen), pi.
cboux-fleurs ; cboux
de Bruxelles, brussels
sprouts; chou marin,
seakale.
Chr. Coll. Cam., Christ's
College, Cambridge.
Christ Church, abbr. Ch.
Ch.
Christ -cross -row*, the
alphabet, not criss .
60
CHKISTE — CINERARIA
Christe eleison, "Christ,
have mercy."
Christian/*, -ity* (cap.).
Christianize*, Mo/-ise.
Christie, Manson, &
"Woods, auctioneers,
London.
Christmas Day (caps.);
Old ,6 January.
Christ's College, Cam-
bridge ; abbr. Chr. Coll.
Cam.
chromatosphere * (astr. ) ,
saw^as chromosphere*,
chromium*, symbol Cr*.
chromolithography *
(one word).
chron., chronology, -ical,
-ly.
Chronicles,abbr. i Chron. ,
or a Chron.
chronologize*, to arrange
chronologically, not -ise.
chronopher*, apparatus
for electric time-signals,
chrysal (archery), a defect
in a bow.
chrysal/is *,/>/. -ides*.
Chi^saor, son of Nep-
tune.
Chryaeis, dau. of Chryses.
chrysoprase*, «o/ -phrase.
Chrysos, patron of art.
Chrysostom (St. John),
A.D. 347-407.
chthonian*, subterranean;
pron. tho'ni-an.
chthononosology*, geo-
graphy of diseases.
chuddar* (Ang.-Ind.),
female over-garment, not
the many variations.
Chur, Ger. and oflf. Swiss
for Coire.
Church (typ.), initial cap.
when referring to a body
of people, as the Wesleyan
Church ; lower-case for
building ; abbr. C, orCh.
church/-scot*, church tri-
bute ; — -text* (typ.),
sUnbtt anb tall form -of
hlvLtk kttzt.
churchwarden* (one
word).
chute *, slide, etc. ; pron. sh-.
chutney*, not -nee, -ny.
chymist, use che-*.
C.I., Channel Isles, (Order
of the) Crown of India.
Cibber (CoUey), 167 1-
1757, Poet Laureate.
cicad/a*, the tree cricket ;
pi. -SB,
cical/a* (It.), the grass-
hopper ; pi. -e *.
cicatri/x*, />/. -ces*.
cicatrize*, «o/-ise.
Cicero, 106-43 b.c. ; abbr.
Cic.
ciceron/e*, a guide,/*/, -i*;
pron. chich-er-o'n6.
Cicestr., signature Bishop
of Chichester (full point).
C.I.D., Criminal Investiga-
tion Department.
Cid Campeador, 1040-99,
Spanish warrior.
cider*, not cy-.
ci-devant*, formerly (not
ital.).
C.I.E., Companion of (the
Order of) the Indian
Empire.
C/e (Fr.), compagnte (com-
pany) (no point).
cierge*, large caudle, not
cer-, ser-.
c.i.f..
cost,
insurance.
6z
and freight,
cigala, use cicada* or
cicala*.
Ci'git (Fr.), here lies,
cili/um*, a hair-like ap-
pendage ; pi. -a*.
Cimabue (G.), 1 240-1300,
It. painter; pron. cheem-
a-boo'a.
cim/eter, -itar, -iter, use
scimitar*,
cim/ex*, bed-bug; pi.
-ices *.
Cimmerian*, intense
darkness (cap.),
cinchona* (bot), not chin-.
cinematograph, use k-.
cineraria/* (bot.), pi. -s*.
CUSTERARIUM — CLAM JAMPHRIE
cinerarium*, a place for
cremation residue.
Cingalese*, Ceylon native ;
pi. same, not Singhalese.
cingiil/um*, a girdle or
zone ; pi. -a.
Cinquecento*, Renais-
sance period from 1501.
cipher*, not cy-.
cipollino, veined white
and green Italian marble.
Cipriani (Giambat-
tista), R.A., 1737-85,
painter.
circ, a prehistoric stone
circle.
circ, circiter^circutn (about).
C/rca* (Lat.),about ; abbr.C.
Circean*,of Circe, «o/-8ean.
circiter{Lsit. ), about ; abbr.
C, or circ.
circle, sign O ; arc of
circle, r^.
Circuit Court, abbr. C.C.
circuit edges (binding),
covers turned over to
protect the leaves.
circulariz/e*, to issue cir-
culars, «o/-ise; -ing*.
circam (Lat.), about; abbr.
c, or circ.
circumcise*, not -ize.
circumflex* (typ.), the
accent, a, e, 1, 6, it.
circumflexion,*«o/-flect-.
circumstance: meresitua-
tion is expressed by "in
the circumstances ", ac-
tion affected is performed
"under the circumstan-
ces" (O.E.D.).
Cirencester,/>nj«. ciz'i-ter.
cirque*, a circus (not ital.).
cirrhosis*, a liver disease.
cirrus*, a curl-like tuft, a
cloud, not -rhus.
Cisalpine*, on the Roman
side of the Alps (cap.,
one word).
ciseauj (Fr. m.), chisel ;
pi. 'Xf scissors.
ciseljeur (Fr. m.), a metal-
chaser ; -ure (f.), art of
chasing.
Cis-leithan/* (adj.), -ia
(noun), Austria-Hungary.
cist (archaeol.), but cyst*
(biol.).
cit., citation, cited, citizen.
citations, see authori-
ties, also quotations.
cities/ (typ.), names of,
not to be abbreviated if
avoidable ; — of Refuge :
east of Jordan, Bezer,
Ramoth, Golan ; west of
Jordan, Hebron, She-
chem, Kedesh.
citizen, abbr. cit.
Cito (Lat.), quickly.
ciioyen] (Fr.), fern. -nCt
citizen.
citrinous*, lemon-col-
oured.
Cittadinjo (It.), a citizen,
pi. -/; fern, -a, pi. -e.
city, abbr.C.; City Editor,
the supervisor of financial
matters (see also cities).
ciudad (Sp.), city, not cui-.
C.I.V., City Imperial
Volunteers.
civ., civil, -ian.
civics*, the science of
citizenship. •
Civil/ Court, abbr. C.C. ;
— Engineer, abbr. C.E.
civiliz/e*, not -ise; -able*.
Civil/ Servants, — Ser-
vice (caps.), abbr. C.S.
C.J., Chief Justice.
ck., cask, -s.
C.Xj., Commander (of the
Order) of Leopold.
CI, chlorine.
cl., centilitre, class, clause,
clergyman, cloth.
ClackTTi annan, Scotland
(three «'s).
Clairaut (A. C), 1713-65,
Fr. math., not -ault.
claire-cole, use clear- *.
clairvoyant/*, fem. -e*
(not ital.).
clam/*, -miness*, -my*.
clamjamphrie*(Sc.), rub-
bish, also a mob, not the
many variations.
62
CLANG — CLICHis
clang*, quality of musical
sound; in Ger. Klang,
clangor*, not -our,
Clanricarde (Marquess,
not of).
clans/man*, pi -men.
ClaparMe (J. L. B. A.
E.), 1832-70, naturalist.
claptrap* (one word).
claquer*, hired applauder ;
in Fr. m. claqueur*.
clar. (mus.), clarinet.
clarabella* (mus.), an or-
gan stop, not clari-.
Clarenceux*, the second
King-of-Arms, not -cieux.
clarendon type, thick-
faced, as this; indicated
in MS. by a waved line
underneath ; abbr. clar.
Claretie (Jules), 1840-,
writer.
clarinet/ *, -tist *, not
-ionet ; abbr. clar.
** Clarissa HarloTve," by
Richardson.
Clark/ (Alvan), optician ;
— (Sir Andrew), 1826-
93, physician J — lecture,
Cambridge.
Clarke (Mrs. Cowden),
1809-98, Shak. scholar ;
— (Sir Edward), 1841-,
K.C. ; — (Sir G. Syden-
ham), 1848-, writer {see
also Clerke).
class, abbr. cl.
class., classic, -al, classifi-
cation.
classes (bot., zool.), (typ.)
to have caps.
class I is*, a presbytery; pi.
-es.
clat*, noisy talk, a tattler.
Claude Lorraine, 1600-
82, Fr. painter, not ain.
clause so-and-so (typ.), to
have cap. C ; of para-
graphs thus, (i), (2), (3) ;
abbr. cl.
clavjis*, a key; pi. -es.
eld., cleared (goods or
shipping), coloured.
clean (typ.), said of proofs
or revises with few errors,
or pulled after matter has
been corrected,
clear-cole*, a coating of
size, not claire-.
clear days, time to be
reckoned exclusive of the
first and last.
cleared(goods or shipping),
abbr. eld.
clearstory, use clere- *.
Cleator Moor, town in
Cumberland.
clef (mus.), § bass,
tenor,
treble.
cleistogamous *, not k-.
Clemenceau (E.), 1841-,
Fr. politician, not Cle-.
Clemens (S. L.), 1835-,
pen-name " Mark Twain.''
clench* (to) the fist or
fingers, grasp firmly, fix,
settle {see also clinch),
clenge* (Sc), to clean ;
(Sc. law) to acquit,
clepsydra/*, a time meas-
urer, not k- ; pi. -s*.
cleptomania, use'k-*.
clerestory*, a special
upper row of windows,
not clear-,
clergy/man, -men, abbr.
cl., or clerg.
clericalize*, «o/-ise.
clerk, abbr. elk.
Clerke (Agnes M.), 1842-
1907, astr.
Clerk-Maxwell( James) ,
1831-79, physicist, should
be J. C. Maxw^ell.
Clerk/ of Parliaments
(caps.); — of the Peace,
abbr. C.P.; — of the
Privy Council, abbr.
C.P.C.
clevis*, a link or swivel,
not clives, clivies.
clew*, of a sail, but to
follow a clue*.
clich/6* (typ.), a stereo or
electro block (not ital.);
-eur, stereo-maker.
63
CLICKER — C/O
clicker* (tjrp.), a foreman
compositor, or maker-up.
Clicquot (Veuve), a brand
of champagne.
clientele*, clients collect-
ively (no accent, not ital.).
clinch* (to), a nail, to make
fast a rope in a special
way, to make firm and
sure — as an argument {see
also clench).
clinic*, «o/ clinique.
** Clinker (Humphry »»,
not -ey), by Smollett.
clinometer *, not k-.
cliqu/e*, -ism*, -y*, not
-eism, -ey (not ital.),
clish-ma-claver* (Sc),
gossip.
Clitheroe, Lanes.
clitor/is* (anat.), pi. -ides.
elk., clerk.
Cloaca Maxima, sewer of
ancient Rome (caps.).
cloak*, not cloke.
cloche* (hort.), bell-glass.
clocher*, a belfry (not ital.).
Cloch Point, Clyde, «o/-k.
clod/*, -ded*, -ding.
Clodd (Edward), 1840-,
writer.
cloff*, an allowance on
commodities, not clough.
cloisonn6*, enamel (not
ital.).
cloke, use cloak*.
close (typ.), the second
member of any pair, as
" ] ) ; proyt. clOz.
close up (typ.), to push
together, to remove spac-
ing-out leads ; close
matter, unleaded, or
thinly spaced.
closure *, in Fr.f. cidture*.
Clos Vougeot, a Burgundy
wine.
clot-bur* (bot.), burdock,
«o^clote-, cloth-.
cloth/, abbr. cl. ; — of
Bruges, gold brocade.
clotted cream, not clouted
cream.
Cidture* (Fr. f.), closure.
64
clouds, kinds of: (i) cirrus,
(2) cirro-cumulus, (3) cir-
ro-stratus, (4) alto-cumu-
lus, (5) alto-stratus, (6)
strato-cumulus, (7) cumu-
lus, (8) cumulo-nimbus,
(9) nimbus, (10) stratus.
cloudy (naut.), abbr. c.
clough, use cloff*.
clouted cream, use clot-
ted —.
clove-hitch*, a knot (hy-
phen).
C.L.P.A., Common Law
Procedure Act.
C.Ij.Il., Central London
Railway.
clubbable*, not clubable.
clue* (to follow a), but
clew* of a sail.
Clim/iac*, -ist*, of Cluny.
Cluny, France, not -i.
Clwyd, river, N. Wales.
Clydebank, Dumbarton,
a town.
clypeiform*, shield-like.
Clytemnestra, wife of
Agamemnon, not Clytae-.
CM., Certificated Master
or Mistress, Chirurgix
Magister (Master of Surg-
ery), Church Missionary,
(mus.) common metre,
Corresponding Member;
cm., causa mortis (by
reason of death) ; cm.,
centimetre ; C.M.D.
(mus.), common metre
double ; cmdg., com-
manding ; C.M.G., Com-
panion of (the Order of)
St. Michael and St.
George ; eml., commer-
cial ; C.M.S., Church
Missionary Society;
C.M.Z.S., Corresponding
Member of the Zoological
Society.
Cnut, not Canute, Knut.
CO., Colonial Office, Com-
manding Officer, Criminal
Office, Crown Office; Co,
cobalt ; Co., Colon, Com-
pany, county; c/o, care of.
CO AD. — COGNITUM
coacL, coadjutor,
coagul/um *, a clot ; /»/. -a *.
coak*, a dowel, also "bush"
of a sheave.
Coalbrookdale, Salop,
coal-field* (hyphen).
coalmouse* (ornith.), the
coal titmouse, not cole-.
coal-pit* (hyphen).
coarticulate*, to articulate
together (no hyphen).
coast-guard* (hyphen) ;
abbr. C.G.
cob*, Spanish dollar.
cobalt*, symbol Co*.
Cobb (Thomas), 1854- ,
writer ; — (W. F.), 1857-,
writer.
Cobbe (Frances Power),
1822-1904, writer.
cobb paper, that used for
the sides of books.
coble*, boat, «o/ cobble.
.Coblenz, not -tz, K-.
cobra de capello*, the
snake, not da, di.
Coburg, Iowa ; Saxe ,
not -ourg, -urgh.
cocaine*, not -ain.
cocco* (bot.), Jamaica plant
tuber, not cocoa, coco.
Cocculus indicus* (bot.).
Cochin-China (hyphen).
cochle/a*, the ear passage ;
pi. -se.
cocbon de lait (Fr. m.),
sucking pig.
Cockaigne*, London, not
Cocagne, Cockayne,
cockatiel*, Australian
cockatoo, not -teel.
cockatoo/*, pi. -s.
cockee* (curhng), the
"tee."
Cocker (Edward), 1631-
75, wrote "Arithmetic."
cockie-leekie, use cocky-
leeky*.
Cockney (cap.).
cockscomb*, a plant;
cox- *, a fop.
cockswain, use cox-*,
cock-up* (typ.), a superior
letter ornumber, as r in M'.
cocky-leeky* (Sc), hotch-
potch, a soup, not cockie-
leekie, cock-a-leeky.
Codes (Horatius), pron,
kSk'les.
cocoa-bay*, a W. Indian
disease.
coco-nut*, not cocoa-,
coker-, koker-.
Cocos Isles, B. of Bengal.
COCOtte (Fr. f.), a prosti-
tute.
cocqcigrues, see coque-,
Cocytus, a river in Hades.
C.O.D., cash, or collect,
on delivery.
cod., codex.
coddle*, not codle.
Code Wapoleon (Fr. m.),
civil code promulgated
1804-10.
cod/ex*, ancient MS., abbr.
cod. ; pi. -ices*, abbr.
codd.
cod-fish* (hyphen).
codling*, a fish, also apple,
not -in.
codon, the bell-shaped
mouth of trumpets, etc.
co-education*, education
of the two sexes to^
gether.
coefficient* (one word).
** Coelebs in Search of a
"Wife," by Hannah More.
Coelenterata*, a zool. sub-
kingdom (not ital.).
coeliac*, abdominal, noice-.
ccenogamy, community of
wives, not ce-.
coerulean, use ce-*.
coetaneous*, of the same
age, not coae-.
coeternal (one word).
coeval* (one word).
coexist* (one word).
coextensive * (one word).
coffer-dam*, a watertight
enclosure.
cognate, abbr. cog.
COgaati (law), relations by
mother's side.
cogaitjutn, any object of
cognition ; pi. -a,
65 5
COGNIZE — COLONIAL
cogniz/e* «o/-ise ; -able*,
-ance*, -ant*.
cognosce ntje* (It.), a con-
noisseur ; pron. ko-nyo-
shen'ta, pi. -i.
cognovit actionem * (law) ,
an acknowledgment.
coheir/*, -ess* (one word).
Cohnheim (J. F.), 1839-
84, German pathologist.
oohow*, Bermudian shear-
water, not cahow, cohoo.
coiffjeur* (Fr. m.), hair-
dresser; -ure* (f.), head-
dress.
coignye, use coynye*.
Coire,Grisons, Switz. ; Ger.
and offic. Swiss, Chur.
coits, use quoits *.
Col., Colonel,Columbia Dis-
trict (U.S.A.), Colossians.
col., colonial, column.
colander*, a strainer, not
colla-, cuile-.
colcannon*, an Irish dish,
not cale-, cole-.
colchyte* (Egypt, antiq.),
a ritual reader, not chol-.
Col.-Corp., Colour-Cor-
poral.
Coldstream/, Berwick, a
town ; — Quards.Mo/ The
Coldstreams, abbr. C.G.
cole-pixy, use colt-pixie*.
Colerain, N. Carolina.
Coleraine, Londonderry.
Coleridge (Sara, not -ah),
1802-52, writer.
cole-slaw* (U.S.A.), a
salad.
colic/*, -ky*.
coliform*, sieve-like.
Colin/Clout, pastoral name
in " Faerie Queene " ; —
Tampon, nickname of a
Swiss {see also Cblyn).
Coliseum, London {see also
Coloss-*).
coll., colleague, collection,
collector, college.
collaborate ur* (Fr. m.)
(ital.).
collaborator* (not ital.).
coUaj parte or — voce
(mus.), adapt to principal
part or voice ; abbr. coi,
p., or col. VO.
collapsible*, not -able.
collat., collateral, -I3'.
coUat/e* (typ.), to put the
sheets of a book in right
sequence, to compare
critically ; -or*, not -er.
colleague, abbr. coll.
collect., collectively.
collectable*, not -ible.
collectanea*, collected
notes.
colleot/ion,-or,abbr. coll.
Collections, an Oxford
examination.
colleen* (Ang.-Irish), a girl.
college, abbr. coll.
College de France (m.).
College of Justice*, Sc.
supreme courts.
COllegijunif an ecclesias-
tical body uncontrolled by
the State ; pi. -a.
collie*, a dog, not -y.
Collinge axle, not Collins.
coUodionize*, not -ise.
coUop*, a piece of meat.
colloq., colloquial, -ly, -ism.
colloquijum*, talk ; pi. -a.
collotype*, a gelatine-pro-
cess plate.
Colo., off. abbr. Colorado.
colombelle (Fr. typ. f.), a
column-rule.
Colombia (Republic of),
S. Amer. {see also Cdbx-).
colombier paper, use
colum- *.
Colombo, cap. of Ceylon,
not Colu-.
Colon, Cent. Amer. ; abbr.
Co. {see also Columbus).
colon, in Fr. m. deux
points y in Ger. m. Dop-
pelpunkt, or (n.) Kolon
{see punctuation, VI).
Colonel/, abbr. Col. ; —
Bogie (golf), the imagin-
ary player.
colonial, abbr. col.
Colonial OflBlce, abbr.
CO.
66
COLONIZE — COMMANDER
coloniz/e*, «o/-ise ; -able*,
-ation*.
colophon* (typ.), the im-
print of a book.
Colorado, off. abbr. Colo,
coloration*, not colour-.
Colosseum*, Rome {see
also Colis-).
Colossians, abbr. Col.
Colossus* of Rhodes.
Colour (trooping of the),
not colours.
Colour-Corporal, abbr.
Col. -Corp.
coloured, abbr. eld.
colourist*, not colorist.
Colour - Serjeant, not
-geant; abbr. Col.-Seij.
col. p. (mus.), colla parte
^ adapt to principal part).
Colquhounj/Tow.ko-hoon'.
Colston's Day, Bristol,
13 Nov.
colter, use cou- *.
colt-pixie *, a mischievous
fairy, not cole-pixy,
columbari/um *, a dove-
cot, place for cremation
urns ; pi -a*.
Columbia District,
U.S.A., abbr. Col. {see also
Colo-),
columbier *, a draw^ing
paper, 34^/2 X 23^0 in- 7 «o/
Colombia, -ier.
columbium*, symbol Cb*,
now called niobium *.
Columbus (Christo-
pher), 1436-1506; inSp.
Cristoval Colon,
column, abbr. col.
columnja* (anatO, pi. -«*.
colure (astr.), each of tv^^o
great circles.
Colvile (Sir H. E.),
1852-1907, Maj.-Gen.
Colville (Lieut. -Col. A.
E.W.), Rifle Brigade ; —
(Sir W. J.), 1827- ; —
of Culross (Viscount).
col, VO, (mus.), colla voce
(adapt to principal voice).
"Col3m Cloute," by John
Skelton {see also Colin).
Com., Commander.
com., comedy, comic, com-
mission, -er, committee,
common, -er, -ly, com-
mune, -ity, communicate,
-ed, -tion.
com/a* (astr., bot., med.),
pi. -89.
comb., combine, -ed, -ing.
combat/*, -ed*, -ing*,
-ive *.
Combermere (Viscount) .
combin/e, -ed, -ing, abbr.
comb.
Comdt., Commandant.
come-at-able *, accessible.
Comidie francalse,
official name of Le
ThSStrefran^als (I.e. /).
com6dienl* (Fr.), actor;
fern. -ne*.
comedy, abbr. com.
comendador (Sp.), a
knight commander.
cornel prima (It. mus.), as
at first; — sopra, as
above, abbr. CO, sa,
comfiture *, not con-.
comfrey* (bot.), not cu-.
comic, abbr. com.
Com.-in-Chf., Comman-
der-in-Chief.
comitatus*, a retinue, a
county or shire ; pi. same.
Comltia]*, a meeting of the
Senate of Dublin Univer-
sity ; — j^stivalia, ditto
in summer ; — Hiemalia,
ditto in winter ; — Ver-
nalla, ditto in spring.
comm., commentary, com-
merce, commonwealth.
comma/*, pi. -s* (see
punctuation, VII,
scratch comma).
Commandant* (accent on
first syll.) ; abbr. Comdt.
commandeer*, to seize
for military service.
Commander/, abbr. Com . ;
in-Chief (hyphens),
abbr. Com.-in-Chf. ; —
of the Faithful, the Sul-
tan of Ottoman Empire.
67 6*
COMMANDING — COMPARISON
commanding, abbr.
cmdg. ; Commanding
Ofiacer, abbr. CO.
commanditaire* (Fr. m.),
a sleeping partner.
commandite* (Fr. f.),
limited liability.
com.mando/* (S. Afr.), a
party for military pur-
poses ; pi. -s.
comme ci, comme fa
(Fr.), indifferently, so-so.
comme il faut (Fr.), as it
should be.
commendam*, ecclesias-
tical benefice.
comment ary.abbr. comm .
commenter*, not -or.
commerce, abbr. comm.
commercial/, abbr. cml. ;
— A (typ.), @ = at; —
a gent, abbr. C.A. ; — en-
velopes, 5V2 X 3^4 in.; —
letter, folded writing-
paper, iixS'/a in- > —
note, ditto, 8x5 in. ; —
stroke (typ.), as in 5/-.
commisj (Fr. m.), a clerk ;
— voyageur, commercial
traveller.
Commissary - General
(hyphen) ; abbr. C.G.
commission/, -er, abbr.
com.
commissio/naire* (not
ital) ; in Fr. m. -nnaire.
commit/*, -table* {not
-ible),-ted*, -ting*,
committee* meets, not
meet ; abbr. com.
committ/er*, one who
commits ; -or* (law), a
judge.
common/, -er, -ly, abbr.
com.
Common Bench, abbr.
C.B.
common metre/ (mus.),
abbr. C, or C.M. ;
double, C.M.D.
commonplace ♦ (adj.)
(one word).
Common / Pleas, abbr.
C.P.- — Prayer, C.P.
common -sense* (adj.)
(hj'phen).
common sense*, adj.
with noun (no h3'-phen).
Common Serjeant*, not
-geant ; abbr. C.S., or
Com.-Seij.
Common Version, abbr.
C.V., or Com. Ver.
commonwealth (not
cap.); abbr. comm.
commorient* (law), dying
together, as by shipwreck.
communaliz/e*, -ation*.
commune, abbr. com.
commune bonum (Lat.),
a benefit to all.
communibus annis
(Lat.), in average years.
communicat/e, -ion, -ed,
abbr. com.
communi consensu
(Lat.), by common con-
sent.
communique (Fr. m.), an
official report.
community, abbr. com.
communize*, to make
common.
comp,, comparative, com-
parison, compile, -ed, -er,
-ation, composer, -ition,
-itor, compound, -ed.
compactor*, one who
compacts, not -er.
COmpagnie (Fr. f.), com-
pany ; abbr. Cie (no
point).
compagnon (Fr. typ. m.),
a journeyman.
Companion of the
Bath*, abbr. C.B.
company, abbr. Co. {see
also compagnie).
comparati ve,abbr. comp .
comparator*, an appara-
tus for comparing.
compare one thing with
another (to note agree-
ment or difference) ;— o ne
thing to another (which
it is believed to resemble) ;
abbr. cf. {confer), or cp.
comparison, abbr. comp.
68
COMPASS — CONCOURS
compass*(typ.), the points,
when printed in full, to
be hyphened without
caps., as north-by-east,
north-north-east, north-
east-by-north. Abbrevia-
tions to be caps, with
full point after each letter,
except b, as N., N. b E.,
N.N.E., N.E. bN., N.E.
competit/or*,>w. -ress*.
Compi^gne, dep. Oise.
compil/e, -ed, -er, -ation,
abbr. comp.
complacent*, self-satis-
fied.
complainant, abbr.
complt.
complaisant*, obliging.
« Compleat Angler," by
Izaak Walton, 1653.
complement*, to make
complete, a completion.
cotnpJetorijam*, complin;
pl. -a.
completory*, complin.
complexion*, not -ction.
compliment*, flattery.
complin*(R.C.C.), not-ne.
complt., complainant.
** Complutensian Poly-
glot***, the earliest
complete polyglot Bible.
compo*, composition (no
point).
compos/er, -ition, -itor,
abbr. comp.
compositeur (Fr. m.),
composer, compositor.
compos mentis* (Lat.)
in one's right mind.
compote* (Fr. f.), fruit
stew.
compound/, -ed, abbr.
comp.
compound ranks or
titles, each word to have
cap., as Assistant-Adju-
tant-General, Vice-Presi-
dent.
comprecation*, joint
supplications.
compris/e*, not -ize; -ed*,
-ing*.
69
compromise*, not -ize.
comptej (Fr. m.), an ac-
count ; — rendu, official
report, p/. comptes ren-
dus.
"Comptes Rendus," of
Fr. Academy (caps.).
comptoir* (Fr. m.), com-
mercial agency, also shop
counter.
comptroller*, "erroneous
spelling of controller *."
Comptroller General *
of Patent Oflace (caps.,
two words).
Com.-Serj., Common Ser-
jeant, not -geant.
Comt/e (Auguste), 1798-
1857, philosopher; -ian*,
-ism*, -ist*.
comte* (Fr.), Count ; /em.
comtesse {not cap.).
Com. Ver., Common
Version (of the Bible).
Con., Consul.
con/*, to direct a ship's
course, to examine, not
-nn, -un ; -ning *.
con., conclusion, conver-
sation.
con,, conjux (consort), contra
(against, in opposition
to).
con amore* (It.), with
affection.
concensus, use conse- *.
Concepcion, name of many
S. Amer. places.
Concert], -melster, -stuck
(Ger. mus.), now Kon-
zertl (cap.).
concerto, abbr. etc.
concesslonnaire* (Fr. m.).
conch/*, a shell ; pl. -s.
conch., conchology.
concierg/e* (Fr. m. or f.),
-erie* (f., no accent).
conclusion, abbr. con.
concombre (Fr. m.), cu-
cumber.
concordat*, an agreement
(not ital.).
concours (Fr. m.), a com-
petition.
CONCRETER — CONSERVATOIRE
concreter*, sugar evapora-
tor, not -or.
concur/*, -red, -ring*.
conde* (Sp.), a count, not
-dee.
Cond6 ("The Great"),
1621-86.
condottierje* (It.), a cap-
tain of mercenaries ; pi.
-I*.
conductor, not -er ; abbr.
c.
cones*, fine white flour.
con espressione (mus.),
with expression, not ex- ;
abbr. con esp.
coney, use cony*.
conf., conference.
Confederate Army, abbr.
C.A.
confer (Lat.), compare ;
abbr. cf.
conference, abbr. conf.
confirence (Fr. f.), lec-
ture.
conferrable*, not -erable.
Conferv/a* (bot.), pi. -se*.
** Confessio Amantis,"
by Gower, 1393.
confett/i(It.), bits of colour-
ed paper, etc.; -o, a sweet-
meat (not ital.).
confidant/''
a trusted
friend, fern, -e ; in Fr.
confidently fem. -e.
confiture, use com-*.
confiture (Fr. f.), jam.
conformator*, apparatus
for taking conformation.
confrere (Fr. m.) (accent,
not ital.).
Confucius, 551-478 B.C.
COng., congregation, -al,
-alist,-ist, congress, -ional.
congij (Fr. m.), leave; —
d*accorder, leave to
agree; — d'aller, ditto
depart ; — d*appel, ditto
appeal; — d* elite*, ditto
elect, not — de lire.
congou*, a black tea, not
-o, kongo.
con gregation /, - al, - alist,
-ist, abbr. cong.
Congregationalism, re-
presentative in U.S.A.
"The American Board
of Commissioners for
Foreign Missions."
congregationalize*, not
-ise.
Congress*, U.S. A, the
legislative body (cap.) ;
spell out number, as fifty-
fourth, not 54th.
congress/, -ional, abbr.
C, or cong.
congru/ism*, -ist*(theol.).
Coniston, Yorks, Lanes.
Conistone, Shipton, Yorks.
conjugation, abbr. cocj.
conjunct/ion, -ive, abbr.
conj.
coDJunction(astr.), sign (5.
conjunctiv/a* of the eye ;
pi. -8B (not ital.).
conjurer*, a juggler.
conjuror, one bound by
oath.
Conn., Connecticut.
Conna, Cork.
Connah's Quay, Flint.
connaturalize*, not -ise
(no hyphen).
connecter*, not -or.
Connecticut, off. abbr.
Conn.; pron. ko-net'i-kut.
connexion*, not -ection.
connivence*, not -ance.
connoisseur* (not ital.).
conoscente, use cogno-*.
conquistadorj* (Sp.), a
conqueror ; pi. -es,
Conrad, not K-.
cons., consonant, constable,
constitution, -al.
Conscience (Hendrik),
1812-83, Fl. writer.
conscience' sake, etc.
consenescence*, general
decay.
consensus*, not -census.
Conservat/ive, abbr. C.
conservatize*, not -ise.
conservatjoire* (Fr. m.);
'Orio (It., Port., Sp.) ;
Konservatorium (Ger.
n., cap.).
70
CONSOIi. — CONTRALTO
consol., consolidated.
Consolidated Funds*,
abbr. Consols.
consommSj* (Fr. m.),
broth ;— de tete de veau,
mock-turtle soup.
consonant, abbr. cons,
consonantize*, to make
consonantal,
conspectus* (Lat.), a gen-
eral view (not ital.).
constable, abbr. c, or
cons.
Constans, mythical King
of Britain.
Constant (Benjamin),
184 1- 1902, Fr. painter.
Constantino/pie, in Turk.
Stambul; -politan*.
Constitution of a country
(cap. C).
constitution/, -al, abbr.
cons.
<3onstitutionalize*, not
-ise.
construction, abbr.
constr.
constru/e, -ed, abbr.
constr.
" Consuelo,'* by George
Sand, 1842.
Consul, abbr. C, or Con. ;
Lat. pi. consulss, abbr.
coss.
Consular Clerk, abbr.
C.C.
Consul- General, abbr.
C.G.
consumah (Ang.-Ind.),
indoor servant, use khan-
sama *.
consummatum es^(Lat.),
it is finished,
cont., containing, contents,
continent, continue, -ed.
contadinjo*, It. peasant,
pi. -/*; /em. -a*, pi.
-e*.
contagllum* (Lat.), con-
tagion ; pi. -a*.
containing, abbr. cont.
contakijon* (Gr. Ch.), a
service book ; pi. -a.
contango* (Stock Ex-
change), charge for carry-
ing over.
cont, bon, mor., conira
bonos mores (contrary to
good manners).
contemporize*, not -ise.
contents, abbr. cont.; —
(tables of) (typ.), set in
lower-case of text type
but one size smaller, not
to be in s.caps. Not
to have comma after last
word. To be run out with
leaders.
conterminous*, tiot cot-.
"Contes Drolatiques,*'
1832-7, by Balzac.
Continent/ (the) (cap.) ;
— of Europe, etc. (not
cap.) ; abbr. cont.
continu/e, -ed, abbr. cont.
contlnujum*, a continuous
quantity ; pi. -a*.
coat-line* (naut.), spiral
space between rope
strands.
contr., contract, -ed, -ion,
-s, contrary.
contra* (Lat.), against;
abbr. COn.
contrabandista* (Sp.), a
smuggler.
contra bonos mores
(Lat.), contrary to good
manners ; abbr, COnt.
bon. mor.
contract/, -ed, -ion, -s,
abbr. contr.
contracting-out (hy-
phen).
contractions, see abbre-
viations.
contractor*, not -er. •
contracts for Govern-
ment (typ.), copy to be
strictly followed.
contrafagotto*, bass bas-
soon (one word).
contrainte par corps
(Fr. law), arrest for debt.
contra jus gentium (Lat.),
against the law of nations.
contr alt/o* (mus.), pi.
-OS*, It./>/. -i*; abbr.C.
71
CONTRA — COQUET
contra] mundum (Lat.),
against the world ; —
pacem (law), against the
peace.
contraria contrariis cu-
rantur (Lat.), opposites
are cured by opposites.
contrariwise *.
contrary, abbr. contr.
contra t[ alea toire (Fr. law),
conditional contract ; — de
vente, contract of sale ;
— synallagmatique,
reciprocal contract.
"Contrat Social (Le),'*
by J. -J. Rousseau, 1762.
contravjollnjo* (It. mus.),
the double-bass ; pi. -I.
contre-dance, use coun-
try-dance*,
contretemps* (not ital.).
contributor*, not -er.
control/*, -led*, -ling*.
controls {Fr.), hall-marked,
registered.
controller*, not comp-.
Controller- General*, but
Comptroller General*
of Patent Office.
Controller of Accounts,
abbr. C.A.
convent/, -ion , abbr. conv.
conventionalize *,«o/.ise.
conversation (ty p.), every
new speech to begin new
par. ; abbr. COn.
conversazione/*, pi. -s*'
(not ital.).
converter*, not -or.
conveyer*, not -or.
convictor*, a messmate,
convolvulus/*, pi. -es*.
cony/*, a rabbit, not coney,
pi. conies* ; garth*,
a rabbit-warren.
CoochBehar,«5^Kuch— .
cooee*, a bush call, not
-ey, -hee, -ie.
cookie* (Sc. and U.S.A.),
a small cake, not -ey, -y.
coolie* (Ind., Ch.), native
hired labourer, not -y.
Coomassie, W. Afr,, use
Kumassi.
Cooninxloo (Q. van),
1544-1600, Fl. painter.
Cooper (Fenimore, one
«), 1787-1851, writer.
co-operate* (hyphen).
Coopers Hill Engineer-
ing College (no apos-
trophe or hyphen).
co-ordinate* (hyphen).
Cop., Copernican.
cot., copper.
coparcenary* (law), joint
heirship, .«o/ -ery.
copeck* (Russ.), about a
farthing, not -ec, kopeck.
Copenhagen, in Dan. Kj0-
benhavn.
Copernican, abbr. Cop.
" Cophetua and Penelo-
phon" (the beggar
maid).
copia verborum* (Lat.),
a full vocabulary.
Copp6e(Fran9ois), 1842-,
Fr. poet
copper, abbr. cop.; symbol
Cu* {cuprum).
copperas*, protosulphate
of iron.
copperize*, to impregnate
with copper, not -ise.
coproli/th *, -te *, not k-.
Copt., Coptic.
copul/a* (gram.), pi. -8B.
copy* (typ.), matter to be
reproduced in type (see
manuscript).
copy-book* (hyphen).
copy paper, a writing-
paper, 20 X 16 in.
coqj (Fr. m.), cock; — de
bruyere, black game.
cogue (Fr. f.), egg-shell.
coquecigrues (to the
coming of the), the
golden period when all
mysteries will be cleared
up; i.e. never; «o/cocqci-,
Coquelin (B. C), 184 1-
1909 ; — (E. A. H.), 1848-
1909 ; — (Jean), 1865-,
actors.
coquet/*, y^w. -te*, a flirt;
-ry*, -ting*, -tish*.
7a
COQUILLE — CORRECTION
COquiUe (Fr. typ. f.), a
wrong letter in a proof,
(paper) post.
Cor., Corinthians, Cornelia,
Cornelius, Coroner.
cor., corpus, correction,
-ive, correlative, (mus.)
cornet, horn.
corah* (Ind.), a silk.
coram]* (Lat.), in presence
of; — Judice* (law), be-
fore a judge; — nobis*,
before us; — paribus*,
before one's equals ; —
populo *, before the
people.
Cor an, use "Koran*.
cor anglais*, tenor oboe.
Corday (Charlotte), 1 768-
93, Fr. revolutionist.
Cordillera/ * (Sp.), a
mountain chain ; pi. -s.
cordite*, an explosive.
Cordoba, offic. Sp. for
Cordova.
cord wain*, Sp. leather.
Corea/, -n, use K-.
co-respondent*, the man
charged with adultery in
a divorce case (hyphen).
corf*, a basket;/*/, corves*.
Corfe Castle, Dorset, a
village (two words, caps.).
Corflambo, the giant in
'' Faerie Queene."
Corinthians, abbr. i Cor.,
2 Cor.
Corliss engine.
Corn, Cornwall (no point).
Com., Cornish.
corn-crake*, the landrail
(hyphen).
corne/a*, theeyeball cover-
ing ; pi. -SB.
Comeille (Pierre), 1606-
84, Fr. dramatist.
Cornel/ia,-ius, abbr. Cor.
cornelian*, red quartz, not
carnelian, -ion.
cornet (mus.), abbr. cor.
cornfield* (one word).
Corniche (La), coast road
from Nice to Genoa ; in
It La Cornice.
Cornish/, abbr. Com. ; —
gilliflower*, an apple.
Corn Laws (caps.).
cornjo* (It. mus.), a horn,
pi. -/* ; corno inglese*,
tenor oboe.
cornuj* (anat.), hornlike
process ; pi. -a*.
Cornubia*, Cornwall.
cornucopia/*, pi. -s.
Cornwall, abbr. Corn (no
point) ; in Fr. f. Cor-
nouaillss.
coroll., corollary.
corolla/* (hot.), pi. -s*.
Coroner, abbr. Cor.
coronis*, Greek mark of
contraction '.
Corot (J. B. C), 1796-
1875, Fr. painter.
Corporal, abbr. Corp.
corporealize*, to mate-
rialize, not -ise.
corposant*, St. Elmo's
fire, not cour-.
corps*, sing, and pi.
corps! d*arm6e*, army
corps ; — de ballet*, com-
pany of ballet-dancers ;
— ds bataiile*, central
part of an army ; — de
batiment, or — de
logis, the main building ;
— des lettres (typ.),
the body of the type ;
— diplomatique *,
diplomatic circle ; —
dramatique, dramatic
body; — legislatif, re-
presentative assembly ; —
volant*, flying corps.
corp/us*, the body ; pi.
-ora*, abbr. cor.
Corpus Christi Col-
lege, abbr. C.C.C.
corpjus viljef worthless
substance ; pi. -ora 'la.
corr., correspond, -ence,
-ent, -ing, corrupt, -ed,
-tion.
correcteur (Fr. typ. m.),
corrector of the press.
correct/ion, -ive, abbr.
cor.
73
CORRECTION — COTE
correction of proofs,
see proof correction
marks.
Correctur (Ger. typ. f.),
corrected proof, now
Korrektur.
Correggio (A. A.), 1494-
1534, It. painter.
corregidor* (Sp.),a magis-
trate.
correlate* (one word, 2 r's).
correlative, abbr. cor.
correspond/, -ence, -ent,
in Fr. -re, -ance, -ant,
fern, 'ante; -ing, abbr.
corr.
correspondence (news-
paper) (typ.), TO THE
EDITOR OF THE TIMES, CtC,
SIR, and SIGNATURE to
be caps, and s.caps. {see
also letters [printed]).
Corresponding Mem-
ber, abbr. CM., orCorr.
Mem.
Corrdze, Fr. department.
Corrievrechan, tide-race
oflf Argyllshire, not -kin,
Cor3rvreckan.
corrigend/um*, pi. -a*.
Corr. Mem., Correspond-
ing Member.
corroboree*, Austral, ab-
original dance, not -bery,
-borie, -bory.
corrupt/, -ed, -ion, abbr.
corr.
corrupter*, not -or.
corselet (Fr. dress, m.), a
kind of external corset.
Corsica, abbr. Cors. ; in
Fr. f. Corse.
corslet*, not -elet.
Corstorphine, near Edin-
burgh.
cort., cortex.
cortdge* (accent, not ital.).
Cortes*, the two legisla-
tive houses of Spain, also
Portugal ; pron. kor'tez.
Cortes (Hernando), 1485-
1547, conquerorofMexico.
cort/ex*, bark ; pi. -ices*,
abbr. cort.
Corunna, in Sp. Conina.
COrvSe* (Fr. f.), feudal
forced labour, drudgery.
corvette*, a small frigate.
corybant/*, a Phrygian
priest; /»/. -es* (not ital.).
Corycian nymphs, the
Muses,
COiyphaslus*, a chorus
leader, not -eus ; pi. -/.
coryphee* (Fr. m.), chief
ballet-dancer.
Coryvreckan, use Cor-
rievrechan.
C.O.S., Charity Organisa-
tion Society.
cos (math.), cosine (no
point).
CO. sa. (mus.), come sopra
(as above).
cosec (math.), cosecant.
cosey, use cosy*.
cosh/ar, -er (Jew.), use
kosher*.
coshering*, rack-rent.
COShery* (Jr.), feasting.
"Cosi fan tutti," opera
by Mozart.
cosine* (no hyphen), abbr.
cos (no point).
cosmography, abbr. cos-
mog.
cosmopolitanize *.
COSS., consules (consuls).
Coster (Laurens Jans-
zoons), according to the
Dutch, invented printing
about 1440.
costum/er*, a dealer in
costumes ; in Fr. -ier.
cosy*, not -sey, -zey, -zy.
cotangent* (no hyphen),
abbr. cot (no point).
cote (Fr. f.), market quota-
tion, figure, mark, share.
cote (Fr. f.), hill, shore.
cdt6 (Fr. m.), a side.
C6te-d'Or, dep. France.
cdtelette* {Fr. f.), a cutlet.
coterie*, a " set " of persons
(not ital.).
coterminous, use cont-*.
C6te-rdtie (Fr. f.), a red
wine.
74
COTES— COURONNE
cotes de bceuf (Fr. f.), ribs
of beef.
Cdtes-du-Nord, dep. Fr.
cotillion*, a dance ; in
Fr. m. cotillon.
Cotswold.Glos, Mo/Cotes-.
cottar*, peasant, not -er.
•• Cottar's Saturday-
Night,** by Burns, 1786.
cotter*, pin, wedge, etc.
Cottian Alps, Savoy and
Piedmont,
cotton, in Fr. m. coton.
Cottonian Library, in
British Museum.
cottonize*, to make cotton-
like, not -ise.
COUd6(astr.), telescope bent
at an angle,
couldn't (typ.), to be set
close up.
couldst (no apos.).
COUle (mus.), a slur.
coulSe*f a lava-flow, a
ravine.
COuleurj* (Fr. f.), colour ;
— de rose*, roseate
(figurative).
couloir*, a gully.
Coulomb (C. A. de),
1 736-1 806, physicist,
coulter*, a plough blade,
not C0I-.
council/*, assembly; -lor*,
member of a council,
counsel/*, advice,barrister;
-led*, -ling*; -lor*, one
who counsels.
Count, abbr. Ct.
counterbalance* (one
word).
counter-carte* (fencing),
not -quarte (hyphen).
counter-cheer *, —
-claim* (hyphens).
counter-clockwise*, con-
trary to a clock hand's
motion,
counter-tenor, abbr. C.
Counties palatine*,
Cheshire and Lanes (cap.
C only).
countrif/y*, -ied*, not
country-.
country-dance*, Ko^con-
tre-dance, contra-danse.
country-side* (hyphen).
county, abbr. Co. ; (typ.)
abbrs. of name as Hants,
Yorks, Salop, etc., to have
no point at end.
County Council/, -lor,
abbr. C.C.
County court* (one cap.);
abbr. C.C.
coup* (Fr. m.), a stroke.
coupl d'aile (Fr. m.),
flap (of the wings), a
flight of imagination; —
d'arcbet (mus.) , a stroke
of the bow ; — de
chapeau, salute with
the hat; — d'Sclat*,
a sensational stroke ; —
d'essai*, first attempt;
— d*itat*, sudden
stroke of State policy ;
— de fbuet (fencing), a
''beat"; — de gr^ce*,
a finishing stroke ; — de
main*, sudden attack to
gainaposition; —demat-
tre*, a master-stroke ; —
d*oell*, a glance, wink ; —
de pled, a kick ; —
de poing, blow with the
fist ; — de sole II*, sun-
stroke ; — de thSatre*,
sudden sensational act ;
— de vent, a gale ; — de
vin, sip of wine.
COUp6*, a front seat, a
carriage, a fencing move-
ment (accent, not ital.).
coupee*, a dance step (no
accent).
couper* (Sc), a dealer.
coup manquS (Fr. m.),
a failure.
Cour de Cassation, su-
preme Fr. tribunal.
courge (Fr. f.), gourd ; —
k la moelAi, vegetable
marrow.
courier, in Fr. m. courtier.
couronne de tasses
(electricity), voltaic bat-
tery, not — des — .
75
COURT — CRANCH
Court, abbr. C, or Ct.
courtage*, brokerage.
Courtenay, family name
of Earl of Devon {see also
Courtney),
courtesan*, not -zan.
court-hous3*, abbr. C.H.
Court leet*, a court of
record.
court martial* (two
words) ; pi. courts — *.
Courtney (Baron), 1832-,
politician ; — (William
Leonard), 1850 -, writer
{see also Courtenay).
Court of/ Common
Pleas, abbr. C.C.P. ; —
— Guestling, of Cinque
Ports ; — — Lode-
manage, ditto ; — —
Probate, abbr. C.P. ;
St. James's(apos.);
Session, C.S.
Courtrai, Belgium, «o/-ay.
Courts of Justice (caps.).
couscous*, W. Afr. dish,
also bird {see also CUSCUS).
cousin-german*, not
-aine, -ane ; pi. cousins-*.
Cousin Michael, nick-
name of a German, as
John Bull of Englishman.
Cousins of the Sove-
reign (law). Peers.
coiite que coute (Fr.), at
any cost, not — qui — .
couturidre (Fr. f.), a dress-
maker.
couvade*,"man-childbed."
couveuse, apparatus for
preserving infant life.
Covenanter* (Sc. hist.).
covenantor* (law).
Coverley (Sir Roger de).
covert/* (sport), a place of
protection, not cover ; —
-baron* (law), a married
woman.
Cowling, Yorks.
Cowlinge, Cambs.
Cowper-Coles & Co.
(Sherard).
Cowper ("William), 1731-
1800, poet ; pron. koo'per.
cowrie*, the shell, not
-ry. In Africa 50 equal
about 4s. ; in Siam, 6000
about IS. 4d. {see also
kauri).
coxcomb*, a fop; cocks-*,
a plant.
coxswain* (naut), not
cocks-; pron. kox'n, abbr.
cox (no point).
coynye* (Ir. hist.), the
billeting of soldiers upon
persons, not coignye.
cozey, cozy, use cosy *.
C.P., Chief Patriarch, Civil
Power, Clerk of the
Peace, Code of Procedure,
College of Preceptors,
Common Pleas, Common
Prayer, Congregatio Pas-
s»b«i5(Passionist Fathers),
convicted poacher, Court
of Probate ; cp., compare ;
C.P.C, Clerk of the Privy
Council ; C.P.M. (mus.),
common particular metre ;
C.P.R., Canadian Pacific
Railway; C.P.S., Con-
gregational Publishing
Society, Custos Privati
Sigilli{Keep&r of the Privy
Seal).
C.R., Caledonian Railway,
Carolina Regina (Queen
Caroline), Carolus Rex
(King Charles), Civis Ro-
manus (a Roman citizen),
Custos Rotulorunt{Keeper
of the Rolls); Cr., credit,
-or, Crown ; Cr, chro-
mium ; cr., created ;
C.R.A. (Officer) Com-
manding Royal Artillery.
crabe (Fr. m.), crab.
cracklin*, crackle-ware.
Cracow, Poland, use
Krakow.
Craig Cefn Pare, Glam,
a village.
Craigenputtock, Dum-
fries, Thomas Carlyle's
residence 1828.
Crantoum Street, W.C.
cranch, use crunch *.
76
CRANE'S-BILL — CROCUS
crane's-bill*, the gera-
niums, not cranesbill.
craniol., craniology.
craniom., craniometry.
crani/um*, skull; pi. -a*.
Cranleigh, Surrey, for-
merly Crarley.
Crapaud (Johnny), nick-
name of a Frenchman.
crap/e*, gauze-like fabric,
-y; in Fr. m. crepe,
crassa negUgentia (law),
criminal negligence.
Craufurd (Sir C. W. F.),
1847- {see also Craw-
furd).
craunch, use crunch*.
crawfish*, U.S.A. and
prov. Eng. for crayfish*.
Crawford and Bal-
carres (Earl of), 1847-.
Crawford (F. Marion),
1854-1909, writer.
Crawfurd (Oswald),
writer {see also Crau-),
crayfish*, not craw-.
C.R.E., (Officer)Command-
ing Royal Engineers.
cream/-laid*, a writing
paper with wire marks ;
wove*, ditto without!
created, abbr. cr.
Creation (the) (cap.).
crdche*, a public nursery.
Cr6cy (battle ofj, not
Cressy, Creci.
credit/, -or, abbr. Cr.
Cr6ditl Fonder de
France, a financial
corporation ; — Lyon-
nals ; — Mobilier, Fr.
banking corporations,
creese*, a Malay dagger,
not kr-, crease.
Crefeld, Ger. ; off. K-.
Creighton (H.Mandell),
1843- 1900, Bp. and hist.
crkme de la creme (Fr.
f.), the very best, not ere-.
Cremona*, any violin
made there (cap.).
Cremonese *, of Cremona,
creolize*, not -ise,
creosote*-, not k-.
crepej* (Fr. m.), crape,
(f.) pancake; — de
Chine*, raw silk crape ;
— lisse*, glossy crape.
crepS* (Fr.), frizzled.
crSpon* (Fr. m.), crapy
fabric.
crescendo* (mus.), grow-
ing in force ; abbr.
cresc*
cresson* (Fr. m.), cress,
water-cress.
Cretan, of Crete,
cretin*, Swiss idiot ; in
Fr. crStin,
cretonne*, a cotton cloth.
Creusot (Le), dep. Saone-
et-Loire, not -zot.
cr^ve-ccei/r (Fr. m.), heart-
sore, variety of fowl.
crevette (Fr. f.), prawn.
Crewe (Earl of).
Crichton (James), 1560-
91, <' the Admirable C—";
pron. kry'tn.
cricket/*, -ed, -ing*.
crim. con.* (law), criminal
conversation, adulter}'.
crimen! falsi (law), for-
gery;— Iwsas majesta-
tis, treason.
Criminal OflBlce, abbr.
CO.
cring/e*, -ing*.
crink*, a, or to, twist,
crinkum -crankum*, a
zigzag, «o/ -cum -cum.
cris/is*, //. -es*.
criss-cross, see Christ-,
crit., critical, -ized.
criteri/on*, pi. -a*,
criticaster*, a petty critic,
criticize*, not -ise.
critique* (not ital.).
** Critique of Pure Rea-
son,** in German " Kritik
der reinen Vernunft," by
Kant, 1781.
Croat, a native of Croatia ;
pron. kro-at.
croc*, a hook, Ko/-ck.
work ; pron. krO'sha.
crocus/* (bot.), pi. -es.
77
CRCESUS — C.S.C.
Croesus, King of Lydia.
Crofton, Yorks.
Croft Town, Cambs.
Cro-Magnon (anthrop,).
cromesquis (Fr. cook, pi.),
not the many variations
(not ital.).
croo* (In, Sc), a hovel.
Crook, Dur, Westmor.
Crooke, Lanes.
Crookes (Sir W.), 1832-,
physicist.
Crookes's tubes 'phys.).
Crookhaven, Cork.
Crookston, Paisley.
Crookstown, Cork.
Croonian Lecture, of
Ro3'al Society.
croquet*, game (not ital.).
croquette* (Fr. f.), rissole
(ital.).
crore* (E. Ind.), ten mil-
lions, usually of rupees.
crosier*, Abp.'s staff, not
-zier.
cross, sign in Prayer
Book 1^ ; Latin — f {see
also crux).
cross (typ.), in proof cor-
rections, a faulty letter.
Cross-bench* (Pari.) (cap.
C only, hyphen).
cross-bill* (law), a pro-
missory note (hj'phen).
crossbill*, a passerine bird.
crossette* (arch.), a ledge,
not crose-.
Crossgates, Fife.
Cross Gates, Yorks.
Crosshill, Ayr, Renfrew.
Cross Hill, Workington,
Cumberland.
Crosskeys, Antrim, Cavan.
Cross Keys, Monmouth.
crosslet*, not croslet.
crotch, orcrotchet* (tj'p.),
the square bracket [.
crotchet/*, -ed*, -ing, -y*.
croupier*, gaming-table
attendant.
crouton (Fr. m.), a bit of
crust, or toast.
Crowland, Lines, not
Croy-.
78
Crown (the) 'cap. O ; abbr.
Cr.
crow^n, see books, paper.
Crowner's quest, dialec-
tal for Coroner's in-
quest (cap. C only).
Crown Office, abbr. CO.
crozier, use cros- *.
C.R.P., Calendartunt Rotu-
lorum Patmtium (Calen-
dar of the Patent Rolls).
cru (vdne), growth (no
accent).
crucian*, Ger. carp, not
crusian.
Crucifixion (the) (cap. C).
Cruikshank (George),
1 792-1878, caricaturist.
crumb*, of bread, not crum.
crunch*, not cran-, craun-,
cruse*, ajar, «o/ cruise.
Cruso, N. Carolina.
" Crusoe (Robinson),**
by Defoe, 1719.
crux *, of an argument ;
pi. cruces (not ital).
cntxj* (astr.), the Southern
Cross; — ansata*, the
cross with a handle ; —
commissat the tau cross,
7- ; — decussata, cross
of St. Andrew, or St.
Patrick X ',—StelIata,the
cross with arms ending in
stars {see also cross).
crypton (chem.), use^-*.
cryptonym*, a private
name.
crystal., crystallography.
crystalliz/e*, not -ise ;
-ed*, -ing*.
C.S., Civil Sen'ice, Clerk
of Session, Clerk to the
Signet, Commissary of
Subsistence,Common Ser-
jeant, Court of Session,
Custos Sigilli (keeper of
the seal) ; Cs*, caesium ;
cs., communis (com-
mon) ; C.S.A., Confeder-
ate States Army, ditto
of America ; Csar, etc.,
use Ts- ; C.S.C, Con-
spicuous Service Cross;
C.S.I. — CUNNIK-QHAM
C.S.I., Companion of the
(Order of the) Star of
India ; C.S.N., Con-
federate States Navv ;
C.S.O., Chief Signal Offi-
cer (U.S.A.), — Staff-
Officer; C.Ss.B., Congre-
gatio Sandissimi Redemp-
toris (Redemptorist Fa-
thers).
C.T., Certificated Teacher;
Ct., Count, Court ; ct.,
cent; C.T.A.U., Cath-
olic Total Abstinence
Union ; C.T.C., Cyclists'
TouringCIub; C.Theod.,
CodexTheodostanus (Theo-
dosian Code) ; ctl., cental,
-s; cto. (mus.), concerto ;
cts., centimes, cents.
Cu*, cuprum (copper);
C.U., Cambridge Uni-
versity; C.U.A.C., Cam-
bridge University Athletic
Club; C.U.A.F.C., ditto
Association Football ;
C.U.B.C., ditto Boat;
C.U.C.C, ditto Cricket ;
C.U.R.U.F.C, ditto
Rugby Union Football.
cuartill/a (Sp.), about 6 lb.
weight; -0,a pint; Mexican
coin, three halfpence.
cuarto (Sp.), three far-
things.
cubic, abbr. c, or cub.
cubicul/um*, cubicle or
dormitory ; pi. -a.
cubile, lowest course of a
building.
Cuddesdon, Bishop of
Oxford's residence.
cue, persons in line, use
queue*.
cuerda, of Castile, 22-3
feet ; — Valencia, 122
feet; — Buenos Ayres,
420 feet I in.
Oufic*, of Cufa, not K-,
Cuphic, Kuphic.
cui bono?* (Lat.), who
gains by it ?
cuidadf erron. for ciudad.
cuisine*, cookery (not ital.).
CUfUSJ (Lat.), of which,
abbr. cuf. ; — -Ilbet, of
any, abbr, CUJUsL
culch.*, oyster spawn, not
cultch.
CUl'dej'four* (arch.), oven-
like, pi. cuIS'de-four * ;
lampe*, tail-piece,
pLculs-de'lampe*,c\xi'
de-sac*, a blind alley, a
trap, pi. culs-de-sac*;
pron. ku-, etc.
cullex*j a gnat ; pi. -Ices.
Cullen (William), 1710-
90, Sc. physician.
cullender, w5^colan-*.
culpaj (law), a fault ; —
lata, gross neglect ; —
Jevis, excusable neglect.
Culpeper, Virginia ; —
(Sir T. J. and N.), not
-pper.
C.U.M., Cambridge Uni-
versity Mission.
cum* ( Lat.), with (not ital. ).
CumsBan, of Cumae.
Cumb, Cumberland.
Cumbraes, Clyde.
cum dividend*, with
dividend ; abbr. c.d.
cum grano salts* (Lat.),
with allowance for ex-
aggeration.
cumin*, oil of, not cummin.
Cuming (E.W.D.), 1862-,
writer.
cummerbund*, a waist-
belt, not ka-, ku-.
cum multls aliis (Lat.),
with many others.
cumshaw* (Ch.), a gra-
tuity, not ku-.
cumul/us* (meteor.), a
cloud form ; pi, -i*, abbr. k.
cun, use con*.
cuneiform*, wedge-
shaped, not cuni-, cune-.
Cuningham (Sir W. J.\
1848-, I.C.S.
Cuninghame (Sir T. A.
A. Montgomery-),
1877-, Rifie Brig.
Cunningham (Sir A. F.
D.), 1852-, LC.S.
79
CUNYNQHAM — C. V.
Cunyngham (Sir W.
Dick-), 187 1-, Black
Watch.
Cunynghame (Sir
Percy), 1867-, I.C.S.
Cupar/ ; — -Angus, use
Coupar .
cuppa, a chalice bowl.
cur., currency, current.
CUracao, liqueur, not -oa.
curare*, a drug, not -a, -i.
curarize*, to administer
curare, not -ise.
curb*, more usually ke-.
curbstone, use kerb-.
cure*, Fr. rector, or vicar.
Curlaj*, the papal court
(cap.); — advisare vuJt,
the court desires to con-
sider; abbr. C.a.v,
curio/*, an object of art ; pi. .
-3 (not ital.).
curiologic/*, -al*, not k-.
curiosa fe/icitas, agree-
able style due to care.
curiosoj*, a curio admirer;
pi. -i*.
curlicue*, a fantastic curl,
not -eque, -ycue.
curly n ftyp.) (n), in Span-
ish tilde.
currach*, a coracle.
currack* (Sc), pannier.
curren/t, -cy, abbr. cur.;
electric current, abbr.
c.
currente calamo (Lat.),
easily, fluently.
curricul/um*, pi. -a*.
Currie, Midlothian.
Curry, Sligo.
curry (cook.), in Fr. m.
kariy or a Vindienne.
Curschmann (K. F,),
1805-41, composer.
curse of/ Canaan, negro
slavery ; Scotland,
the nine of diamonds.
Cursivscbrift (Ger. typ.
f.), italic type, use K-.
curtsy/*, «o/-sey; -ing*.
curveting*, not -tting.
Cur wen (John), 1816-80,
inventor of Tonic Sol-fa.
80
cuscus/*, a marsupial ; —
-grass*, of India {see also
couscous).
cushat*, cushie-doo*
(Sc), the ring-dove.
cushla machree (Ir.),
my heart's delight.
cuspidor* (Port.), a spit-
toon, not -adore, -idore.
custodia legis (Lat.), in
the custody of the \a.w.
custom-house* (hyphen);
abbr. C.H.
CUStjOS*, a custodian, pi.
'Odes * ; custosj bre-
vium*, keeper of the
briefs ; — morum, guar-
dian of morals; Cusiosj
Privati Sigilli, Keeper
of the Privy Seal, abbr.
C.P.S. ; — Regniy a
regent ; — Rotulorum*^
Keeper of the Rolls, abbr.
C.R. ; — Sigilir, ditto
seal, abbr. C.S.
cut-and-dried (adj.)
(hyphens).
Cutch, India, not K-.
cutch*, catechu, not k-.
cute*, «c?/'cute.
cut edges, see edges.
cut-in/ letter (typ.), one
of large size, as at the
beginning of a chapter,
also drop-letter; — notes,
those set into the text at
theouteredge;(typ.)tobe
in roraan lower-case three
sizes smaller than text, in
a square of white space.
cutis]* (anat.), skin; —
anserina, the skin
roughened by cold.
cutt/y* (Sc), anything
short, pi. -ies; cutty
stool, stool of repentance.
cuv6e (Fr. f.), a vatful, or
sort, of wine (not ital.).
Cuvier (Q. Ij. C. D.,
baron), 1769-1832, Fr.
naturalist
CujTp, Dutch artists, not K-.
C.V., Common Version (of
the Bible).
C.V.O. — CZERNY
C.V.O., Commander (of
the Royal) Victorian
Order.
C.W., Canada West.
C.W.O., cash with order.
cwt., hundredweight, -s.
cyan-blue*, greenish-
blue.
eye, cyclopaedia, -ic.
Cycle of the Saros,
6585V3 <^ays.
cyclop aed/ia*, -ic*, noi
-pedia; abbr. eye.
Cyclop/s*, a giant with one
eye ; pi. -es*.
cycnean*, of swans, not
cyg-.
cyder, use cider*.
Cyfarthfa, Glamorgan
ironworks.
Cyllaros, the horse of
Castor and Pollux.
Cym., Cymric.
cyma*, a moulding.
oymbiform*, boat shaped.
not cymbae-.
Cymrarodorion (Hon-
ourable Society of).
Cymric*, Welsh, not K- ;
pron. cum-rik.
Cymru, Wales.
Cymry, the Welsh nation.
Cynewulf, Anglo-Saxon
poet.
Cjrnocephalus*, a dog-
headed creature.
Cynthia*, the moon.
Cynthius, Apollo.
cypher, use cipher*.
cy pr^S* (law), as near as
practicable.
Cyprian*, of Cyprus.
Cypriote, inhabitant or
language of Cyprus.
Cyric (Saint), patron of
sailors.
cyst/*, -ic*, not ci-.
czakan (mus.), Bohemian
flageolet.
Czar/ of Russia, -evitch,
-evna, -ina, use Tsar/.
Czech*, mo/ the many varia-
tions ; pron. check.
Czemy(Karl), 1791-1857.
Austrian composer ; pron
tcher'nd.
81
C NOTES
D. — DAMNUM
D., democrat, -ic, doctor,
Duke, (Lat.) Deus (God),
Domittus (Lord), the
fourth in a series, all
proper names with this
initial.
D, 500.
d., date, daughter, day,
dead, degree, deserted,
-er, died, dime, diopter,
dollar, dose, (Fr.) douane
(customs), droife (the right
hand), (It.) desira (right),
(Lat. ) decretum (a decree),
denarii (pence), denarius
(penny), (naut.) drizzling.
^* (typ-)> ^s prefix to a not
anglicized proper name
should, in accordance
with continental practice,
be lower case and not
cap., as d'Arsonval. Sig-
natures to be copied.
Sf (typ.), deleatur (omit).
Da.*, Danish.
D.A.A.G., Deputy-Assist-
ant-Adjutant-General.
daj ballo (It. mus.), dance
style; — cappella, or —
cbiesa, church style ; —
capo*, or— capo al fine,
repeat to the word Jine ;
— capo dal segno,
repeat from the sign -"S,
abbr. D.C., or da capo.
dachshund*, badger-dog.
dacoit*, Indian robber, not
dak-, dec-.
daddy-long-legs*, the
crane-fly (hyphens).
daffadowndilly*, a daffo-
dil, not daffi-, daffo-,
daffy- (one word).
D.A.G., Deputy-Adjutant-
General.
dagger (f), (typ.), the
second reference mark,
coming after the asterisk.
In Eng. before, in Ger.
after, a person's name,
signifies "dead" or
"died."
daggle -tail, use drag-*.
Dagonet, pen-name of
G. R. Sims ; — (Sir),
King Arthur's fool ; not
Daguenet.
daguerreotype* (not
cap.).
dahabeeyah*, Nile boat,
not the many variations.
d'aWeurs (Fr.), besides,
daimio*/, Jap. noble ;/>/. -s.
Daimler motor,
dais*, not dais.
dakoit, use dac-*.
Dakota, off. abbr. Dak.
Dalai Uama, the Grand
Lama of Tibet,
d'Alembert (J. le R.),
1717-83, math.
Dallmeyer (J. H.), opt-
ician, London.
Dalzell, family name of
Earl of Carnwath.
DaLziel, /tow. dee-el.
damageable*, not -gable.
Damaraland, Ger. S.W.
Africa (one word).
damascen/e*, -er*, not
-keen, -kin.
•• Dame aux Camillas
(La)," play by Dumas fils.
darnel decotnpagnie{Fr.),
lady's paid companion ;
— d*bonneur, maid of
honour ; — du palais,
lady-in-waiting ; — que-
tetise, one who collects
for the poor.
damnosa baereditas
(Lat.), a legacy involving
loss.
damnum absque injuria
(Lat.), damage withput
wrong.
DAMON — D»AUJOURD*HUI
Damon and Pythias,
model friends.
Dan., Daniel, Book of
Daniel.
Dan/ae, mother of Perseus,
also asteroid ; -aea, fern
genus; -aid*, dau. of
Danaus ; -aus, son of
Belus.
Dandie Dinmont, breed
of dogs ; Andrew Din-
mont, farmer in "Guy
Mannering."
dandruff*, scurf, ttot -riff.
danegeld*, land-tax, not-lt.
Danicism*, a peculiarity of
the Danish language (like
Scotticism).
Daniel (Book of), abbr.
Dan.
Daniel (Canon E.), 1837-
1904, writer.
Daniell (A. E.), 1864-,
writer.
Daniell's battery (elec. ).
Danish/, abbr. Da.*; —
alphat)et (typ.), the
special letters are « and
0, which follow in alpha-
betical order. Printing
generally in roman char-
acters.
Dannebrog*, Danish na-
tional standard, also or-
der of knighthood, tiot
Dane-.
d'Annunzio (Gabriele),
1 864-, It. writer.
danse macabre (Fr. f.),
dance of death.
danseuse*, a female dancer
(not ital.).
Dant/e Alighieri, 1265-
1321, It. poet; -ean*
-ist*.
Danubian Principal-
ities, Moldavia and
Wallachia (rtow Huma-
nia).
Danzig, not -tsic, -tzig.
daoTi, use dhow*.
D.A.Q.M.Q., Deputy.
Assistant - Quartermaster-
General.
d'Arc (Jeanne), Joan of
Arc, 1412-31 ; properly
Dare.
daren't (typ.), to be close
up.
dare say* (two words).
Darfur, S.E. Sahara, uoi
-foor, -for, -four.
Darjeeling, not Darji-.
Dark Ages (the) (caps.).
Darmstadt, Germany.
Darthnla, ' ' fairest of Erin's
maidens."
Darwen, Lanes.
Darwin (Charles Rob-
ert), 1809-82, author of
"Origin of Species"; —
(Erasmus), 1731-1802.
D.A.S., Dramatic Authors'
Society.
dash, see punctuation,
IX, X.
dasj beisst (Ger.), that is
to say, abbr. <f. A. ; — istt
that is, abbr. </./.
dat.*, dative.
dat/a*, 5. -um* (not ital.).
datable*, capable of being
dated, not -eable.
date, abbr. d. ; (typ.) in
printed letters to be
even small caps, and
arabic figures, except in
legal work, where they
must be spelled out in
full. The order should
be — day, month, year — as
12 June, 1903, «o/ June 12,
1903. No comma between
figures of year. For
periods of years use as
few figures as suffice, thus
1850-75 ; 1890-1903 (en
rules, not hyphens).
Names of days and months
to be in full ; inst., prox.,
ult, to be printed full out.
dative, abbr. dat.*
Daudet (Alphonse),
1840-97, Fr. writer.
daughter, abbr. d., or
dau.
d'aujourd*bui en huti
(Fr.), this day week.
D'AUMALE — D^BLOQUER
d*Aumale (due).
Dauphin6, S.W. France.
Dav., David.
Davey (Baron), 1833- ; —
(Henry), 1843-, engin-
eer ; — (R. P. D.\ 1848-,
writer (see also Davy).
da Vinci (Leonardo),
1452-1519, It. painter,
etc. ; pron. vin'che.
Davis (Jefferson^ 1808-
89, Pres. Conf. States.
Davout (li. A. P. M.,
baron), 1773-1820,
General ; — (Ii.NOj 1770-
1823, Fr. Marshal, «o/ -St.
Davus sum, non CEdipus
(Lat.), that is beyond me.
Davy (Sir Humphry,
not -ey), 1 778-1829,
chemist {see also Davey).
Davy Jones's locker.
day, abbr. d.; (typ.) of
the week, and of fasts,
feasts, festivals, holidays,
to have initial caps.
Dayak, use Dyak.
daybook* (one word) ;
abbr. d.b.
daylight* (one word).
days after/ date, abbr.
d.d. ; sight, d.s.
day*s/ date, abbr. d.d. ; —
journey (Heb.), 16-95
miles ; — sight, abbr. d.s.
D.B., Domesday Book.
d.b., daybook.
dbk., drawback.
DC,6oo; DC.(bot.),deCan-
dolle; D.C., deputy-con-
sul, District Court, District
of Columbia, (mus.) da
capo (repeat) ; d.C. (It.)
dopo Crista (a.d.) ;
D.C.L.*, Doctor of Civil
Law ; D.C.Ij.I., Duke of
Cornwall's Light Infantry;
D.Cn.Ii.,, Doctor of
Canon Law ; D.C.R.
(Ancient Order of For-
esters), District Chief
Ranger; D.C. S., Deputy-
Clerk of Session.
D.D., Divinitatis Doctor
(Doctor of Divinity) ;
D.d., Deo dedit (gave to
God) ; dd., delivered ;
d.d., days after date,
day's date, dono dedit
(given) ; D.D.D., dat,
dicat, dedicat (he gives,
devotes, and dedicates) ;
dono dedit dedicavit (he
gave and consecrated as
a gift) ; D.D.S., Doctor
of Dental Surgery.
de (typ.), prefix to a proper
name, in accordance
with continental practice,
should not have initial
cap., as de Candolle; ex-
cept when anglicized, as
De Vinne. Signatures to
be copied.
deaconate, use di-*.
dead, abbr. d. {see also
dagger).
Dead Letter OflBce, now
Returned ditto ; dead/
reckoning (naut.), abbr.
D.R. ; — reprint (typ.),
an absolute facsimile.
de Amicis (Edmondo),
1846-, It. writer.
Dean of Paculty, not of
the ; abbr. D.P.
de- anthropomorphize *,
not -ise (hyphen).
Dear Sir, in printed letter
indent one em (caps.,
comma, no dash).
deasil*, righthandwise, as
the hands of a clock, not
deiseal.
death/-bed *, -rate *
(hyphens).
deb., debenture.
debacle*, a downfall (not
ital.) ; in Fr. f. dSbicIe.
debatable*, not -eable.
debauchee*, in Fr. debau-
cble,fem.'6e.
debenture/, abbr. deb. ; —
-holder* (hyphen).
dibloquer (Fr. typ.), to
rectify letters placed up-
side down as substitutes
for the proper ones, the
86
DEBONAIR — DECORUM
supply of which has been
insufficient.
debonair*, not -aire, good-
natured ; in Fr. dSbon-
naire.
de bonnej grice (Fr.),
willingly ; — — pBft*
or source, on good au-
thority.
dSboutonnS (Fr.), careless.
debris*, ruins (no accent) ;
in Fr. m. debris.
debtor, abbr. Dr.
debut/*, -ant*, /em.
-ante* (not ital.).
de but en blanc (Fr.),
bluntly.
Dec, December.
dec, declaration, declen-
sion, declination, decora-
tive.
dec, (mus.), decrescendo.
dSc. (Fr.), decedje, fern, -e'e
(deceased), decembre (not
cap.) (December).
decade*, a group of ten,
not -ad.
"Decameron (The)", by
Boccaccio, 1352.
Decan, Ind., ws^Decc-.
de CandoUe (A.), 1806-
93, bot., abbr. DC. ;
— (A.P.), 1778-1841, bot.
decani*, of a dean ; (mus.)
the south side of a choir.
Deccan, India, not Decan.
dicidl6 (Fr.), fern. -Se,
deceased ; abbr. dSc,
December, abbr. Dec ; in
Fr. m. d6cembre, abbr.
d6c. (not cap.).
dScence (Fr. f.), comeli-
ness, decency.
decenni/um*, a decade ;
pi. -a.
decentralize*, not -ise.
decern*, to judge {see also
discern).
dechiance (Fr. f.), for-
feiture, expiry.
decbirantj (Fr.), /em. -e,
heart-rending.
Decies (Baron), pron.
dee'shees.
87
decigram*, 1-54 grain,
official spelling Board of
Trade, not -mme ; abbr.
dg.
decimal fractions, no
decimal can be plural, or
take verb in pi., however
many figures it contains ;
(typ.) print in figures.
The decimal point in all
cases to be a full point
turned.
decimalize*, «o/-ise.
decimator*, not gv.
dScime* (Fr. m.), ten cen-
times, a penny.
decimetre, 3937 in., not
-er ; in Fr. m. decimetre.
decimo - octavo (typ.)^
i8mo; sexto- — *, i6mo
(not ital.).
decivilize*, not -ise.
deckle edge*, the ragged
edge of hand-made paper,
not -el.
declaration, abbr. dec.
dScIaration de failUte
(Fr. f.), adjudication in
bankruptcy.
Declaration of Indepen-
dence, U.S.A., 4 July^
1776.
dSclassJS (Fr.), /em. -ie,
of inferior status.
declension, abbr. dec.
declination, abbr. dec.
decohere (Marconi), to fall
apart.
decoit, use dac-*.
decollate*, to behead ;
decollation of St. J ohn*,
29 August.
dScolIeil6*,/em. -Se (Fr.),
with low-necked dress.
decol/our*, to render col-
ourless ; but -orize*, not
-ourize, -ise.
decorat/e*, -or*.
Decoration Day*, U.S.A.,
30 May.
decorative, abbr. dec.
dScorlS (Fr.). /em. -6e,
wearing an order of merit,
decorum* (not ital.).
D:fiCOUSU — D:fiJEUNER
dicousuj (Fr.), /em. -e,
unsewed, loose.
decree nisi* (law), a
decree upon condition.
decrepit *, not -id.
decrescendo* (mus.), de-
creasing in loudness ;
abbr. dec, or decres.
decretjum (Lat.), a decree ;
pi. -a ; abbr. d.
dScrotii (Fr.), brushed up.
dedans* (tennis) (notital.).
dSdicace (Fr. typ. f.), the
dedication.
dedications (typ.), usually
eren s. caps, wide leaded.
de die in diem (Lat.),
continuously; abbr. de d.
ind.
Dediication (Ger. f.), the
dedication (cap.).
dSdit (Fr. m.), penalty for
breach of contract, re-
tractation,
deducible*, not cable,
deemster*, not demp-.
def., defendant, defined,
definite, definition.
defaceable*, not -cable.
de facto* (Lat.), really,
defecat/e*, -or*, not defae-.
defectueux (Fr. typ.),
spoiled.
defectus sanguinis (law),
failure of issue.
defelct (Ger. typ.), spoiled ;
Defektbogen, imperfect
sheets,
defence*, not -se.
defendant, abbr. def.
defense] d' afficlier (Fr.^,
stick no bills; — d*entrer,
no admittance.
defensible*, not -ceable,
-sable.
defensor*, not -cer, -ser.
defensor fidei (Lat.), De-
fender of the Faith ; abbr.
D.F.
defer/*, -ence*, -red*,
-rer*, -ring*.
d6fets (Fr. typ. m. pi.),
waste sheets.
de fide* (Lat.), authentic.
definable*, «o^ -cable.
defin/ed, -ite, -ition ;
abbr. def.
definitjum (Lat.), a thing
defined ; pi. -a.
deflate*, to remove air.
defle/ct*, to bend down-
wards ; -xed*, -xion*.
deflower*, not -ore, -our.
Defoe (Daniel), 1661-
1731, writer, not de Foe.
deg., degree.
digagfS* (Fr. m.), /em.
-Se*, unconstrained.
digager (Fr. typ.), to un-
lock a forme or galley.
d'Sgal a Sgal (Fr.), on
equal terms.
dSgO^t (Fr. m.), disgust.
degree, 69 statute, or 60
geog. miles, also part of
circle ; sign °, abbr. d., or
deg.
degrees of/ inclination
(typ.), to be in words, as
**an angle of forty-five
degrees " ; temper-
ature, to be in figures, as
70° F. {see also titles of
honour).
de\liautenbas*{Yv.),Qor\-
temptuously ; — haute
lutte, with a high hand.
Dehli, India, use Delhi.
deliors* (Fr.), foreign to ;
(law) outside.
Deianeira, wife of Her-
cules, also an asteroid.
Dei\ gratia, by the grace
of God ; abbr. D.G. ; —
judicium, the judgment
of God {see also Deo).
Deity (the Christian)
(typ.), synonyms and
pronouns to have initial
caps., as Christ, Dominus,
Father, God, He, Him,
Himself, His, Jehovah.
Lord, Me, Mine, the Deity,
Thee, Thine, Thy, Who,
Whom.
dejeuner]* (Fr.m.), break-
fast ; — a la four-
Chette*, luncheon.
DE JURE — DENHOIjME
de jure* (Lat.), by right.
Del., Delaware (off. abbr.T.
del., delegate, </(P/m^aMV (he,
or she, drew it).
Delacroix (Eugene),
1 799-1 863, Fr. painter.
D9lambre(J.B. J.), 1749-
1822, astr. (one word).
de la Rani6e (Louise),
pen-name "Ouida."
Delaware, off. abbr. Del.
De La Warr (Earl).
deleaiur* (Lat.), omit;
abbr. dele, or gr. To de-
lete anything in a proof,
mark it through with ink,
and write in the margin
opposite, IT.
delegate, abbr, del.
delenda* (Lat.), things to
be deleted.
delf*, Dutch glazed earthen-
- ware, not delft.
Delft, Holland ; proti. del'-
eft.
Delhi, N. India, not Dehli,
Delli ; pron. d&\€.
deliberate on preferred,
but also upon, about, con-
cerning.
delicatesse*, delicacy (not
ital.); in Fr. f. dSIIca-
tesse.
dillS (Fr. typ. m.), the serif.
dSlier (Fr. typ.), to untie.
delineavit (Lat.), he, or
she, drew it ; abbr. del.
delirium/*, pi. -s* ; —
tremens, abbr. d.t. (not
ital.).
De Lisle (Baron), pron.
de lyl.
dSlit (Fr. m.), a transgres-
sion.
Delitzsch (Pranz), 1813-
90, Hebraist ; —
(Friedrich), 1850-,
Assyriologist.
delivered, abbr. dd.
deliverer*, not -or.
de luxe (Fr.), luxurious.
Delyannis (Theodore),
1826- 1 905, Gr. statesman.
dem/ain, use -esne*.
demarcate*, not demark-.
demeanour*.
dimenti (Fr. m.), contra-
diction.
dementia* {not ital.).
demesne*, not -ain.
demeure (Fr. f.), dwelling.
demt'l-feuille (Fr. typ. f.), a
half sheet ;
■monde*.
prostitutes (ital. , hyphen) ;
— -saison, spring or au-
tumn fabric.
demise *, not -ize.
demobpize*, not -ise.
democrat/, -ic, abbr. D.
democratiz/e*, to render
democratic ; -er*.
Democrit/us, -ean*.
d6modl6{Yv.),fem. -Se, out
of fashion.
demoiselle*, young lady
(not ital.).
Demoivre(A.),i667-i754,
math ematician(one word),
demon., demonstrative.
demonetize*, to divest of
value as currency, not
-ise.
demon/ic*, -ize*, wo^dae-.
demoralize*, not -ise.
de mortuis nil nisi bo-
nam (Lat.), speak well
of the dead.
demos*, the people (not
ital.).
dempster, use deem-*,
demy*, a scholar at Mag-
dalen Coll., Oxford ;pron.
de-my'; pi. demies*.
demy/ paper (typ.), pron.
dS-my'.
— drawing, 20 x 1572 in.
— printing, 22^2 x 17V2
— writing, 20 x 15^2
Den., Denmark,
denar*, a coin, not -are.
denar/ius* (Lat.), penny ;
pi. -ii*, pence ; abbr. d.
denationalize*, not -ise.
dengue*, not — fever,
denga, -gey.
Denholm, Roxburgh.
Denholme, Yorks.
89
DENMARK — DESIDERATUM
Denmark, abbr. Den. {see
also Assemblies).
denouement* (Fr. m.),
unravelling, not denoum-.
de nouveau (Fr.), afresh.
de novo* (Lat.), afresh.
denshire*, to burn stubble,
not -her.
dent., dental, -ist, -istry.
dentalize*, to make dental,
not -ise.
dentelle*, lace.
dentil*, a moulding with
cubes, not -el, -ilQ.
deodoriz/e*, wo/-ise; -er*.
Deol favente (Lat.), with
God's favour; — gratias,
thanks to God ; — vo-
lente, God willing, abbr.
D.V. {see also Dei).
de omnibus rebus (Lat.),
concerning all things.
deomniscibiii {Lat.), con-
cerning every knowable
thing.
deoxidiz/e*, «o/-ise; -er*.
deoxygenize *, to deprive
of oxygen, not -ise.
dep., departs, deposed,
deputy.
d6p. (Fr.), deparietnent (pro-
vince), depute' {deputy).
de par le roi (Fr.), in the
king's name.
dipartement (Fr. m.),
province ; abbr. d6p.
department, abbr. dept.
departmentalize*, «o/ -ise.
depauperize*, not -ise.
depeclie (Fr. f.), message.
dependable*, not -ible.
depend/ent* (noun),
-ence*, -ent* (adj.), not
-ant.
Depew (Chauncey M.),
1834-, Amer. politician.
dephosphorize*, «o^-ise.
depicter*, not -or.
depilatory*, hair remov-
ing, or remover.
de pis en pis (Fr.), from
bad to worse.
deplacS (Fr.), out of place.
de piano (law), clearly.
de plein gr6 (Fr.), volun-
tarily.
deponent, abbr. dpt.
depopularize*, «o/-ise.
deposed, abbr. dep.
depositary*, a person.
depository*, a place.
depot*, in Fr. m. dSpdt
depressible*.
de proprio motu (Lat.),
spontaneously.
dept., department.
dSputS, a member of the
lower French Chamber.
deputy/, abbr. dep. ; —
-consul, D.C. ; Deputy-
Iiieutenant, D.L.*
De Quincey (Thomas),
1 785-1859, writer.
der., derivation, -ive, -ived.
dSrangjS {^ Fr. ), out of order ;
-ement, confusion.
derangeable*.
Derbyshire, abbr. Derby.
de rdgle (Fr.), in order.
de rigueur* {Fr.\ accord-
ing to etiquette.
derisible*.
deriv/ation, -ative, -ed ;
abbr. der.
derm.*, dermja*, -/s*, the
skin.
dernier] * (Fr.), last; —
ressort*, a last resource.
Deroul^de (Paul), 1846-,
writer, politician.
derringdo*,daringaction,
not — doe (no hyphen).
dervish*, «o/-is (notital.).
des (Fr.), of the (//.).
des (Fr.), since.
desagrSmentj (Fr. m.), un-
pleasantness ; pi. -S.
Desart (Earl of),alsoI>y-.
descendant*, not -ent.
desert*, a wilderness ; to
abandon (see also des-
sert).
desert/ed, -er, abbr. d.
deshabille, not dis-; in
Fr. m. desbabillS.
desiccate*, not dess-.
desiderat/um*, something
desired ; pi. -a*(not ital.).
90
DESILVERIZE — DPT.
desilverize*, to extract
silver from, not -ise.
desirable *, not -cable,
desistance*, «o/-ence.
desition*, ending.
tiesaeuvr}S*{Fr.),/em. -ie,
unoccupied ; -ement*
(m.), lack of occupation,
desolator*, not -er.
de son Stat (Fr.), by trade.
dSsorientjS (Fr.),/^w. -^e,
confused as to direction,
despatch, use dis-*.
desperado/*, a desperate
man ; pi. -es (not ital.).
despiritualize*, not -ise.
despise*, not dis-.
despotize*, to act the
despot, not -ise.
dessein (Fr. m.), design.
dessert*, a dinner course
(see also desert),
dessertspoonful/, pi. -s,
two drams (one word).
dessicate, use desicc-*.
dessin (Fr. m.), drawing.
dessousj (Fr.), below, un-
der ; — des cartes, a
secret.
dessus (Fr.), on, upon,
(mus.) soprano.
destra] (It.), right-hand
side, abbr. d. ; — mano,
the right hand , abbr. D.M.
destructor*, not -er.
desuetude*, pron. des'w6-
tude ; in Fr. f. dSsui-.
desulphuriz/e*, not -ise.
desuntj cetera (Lat.), the
rest wanting ; — multa,
many things are wanting.
Detaille (J. B. ]S.), 1848-,
Fr. painter (no accent).
detant*, part of a gun-lock
(see also detent),
detector, not -er.
detent*, a catch (see also
detant).
dStenuj* (Fr.), /em. -e*,
one detained in custody,
deterrent*, not -ant.
detonat/e *, -or*,
detour*, in Fr. m. dStour.
detract/or*, /em. -ress.
detritus*, debris (not ital.).
de trop* (Fr.), not wanted.
Deiis/ (Lat), God, abbr. D. ;
— avertat I God for-
bid ! — detf God grant ;
— ex machina, *'a god
from a machine," from
Gr. theatre where one was
shown at an elevation to
work humanly insoluble
problems ; — miserea-
tur, God be merciful.
Deuteronomy, abbr.
Deut.
deux-temps* (Fr. m. sing,
and pi.), waltz.
develop/ *,-nient*, MO/ -pe.
devest, use divest*.
deviat/e*, -or*, not -er.
devil (typ.), cap. for Devil
of the Bible, not cap. when
an expletive.
deviling*, a young devil.
devilling*, working as a
hack.
devilry*, not -try.
De Vinne (Theodore
Low), 1 828-, Amer,
printer and writer ; pron.
vin'e.
devise*, not -ize.
devis/ee*, -or*, the cor-
relatives, not -er (see also
di-).
devitalize*, to render life-
less, not -ise.
devocalize*, to make
voiceless, not -ise.
devoir*, an act of civiUty
(not ital.).
Devonshire,abbr. Devon.
dSvotj (Fr.), /em. -e, a de-
votee.
Dewey (Melvil), Amer.
librarian.
dexterous*, not -trous.
dextra (Lat.), right.
D.E., defensor fidei (Defen-
der of the Faith), Dean
of Faculty.
D.F.M.S., Domestic and
Foreign Missionary So-
ciety.
dft., draft.
91
D.a. — DIKE
D.Q.*, Dei gratia (by the
grace of God), Deo
gratias (thanks to God),
Director-General, Dra-
goon Guards.
dg., decigram.
d.b, (Ger.), das heisst (that
is to say).
dhobi*, Ind. washerman.
dhooly, use doolie*.
dhoti*, a Hindu's loin-
cloth, not -ee, -ootie.
dh.O"W*, an Arab vessel,
not daou, daw, dow.
Dhuleep, use Du-.
dhurrie*, Indian carpet,
not durrie.
D.Hy., Doctor of Hygiene.
Di* (chem.), didymium.
d.i. (Ger.), das ist (that
is).
diablerie*, devilry, not -ry
(not ital.).
diachylon*, a plaster, not
-um, -culum,
diaconate *, office of
deacon, not de-.
diaBresls* (typ.), the sign
( " ) over the second of two
vowels to show that they
are to be sounded separ-
ately. It may be omitted
when the vowels are di-
vided by the end of the
line. Not die- ; pron.
di-gr'e-sis.
diagnos/is*, pi. -es*.
dialect/*, -al*, -ic*, -ical*;
abbr. dial.
dialling*, not dialing.
dialogize*, to discuss, not
-ise, -uize.
dialys/e* (chem.), -er*,
not -ize ; -is*, pi. -es*.
diameter, abbr. diam.
diamond/ dash (typ.),
— * — ; — type,
the snullest ra^nhriy east, four and a half
point, aixtaeo lines to the inch, a« thia.
diapason normal* (mus.),
Fr, standard pitch.
diarrhoea*, not -ea..
Diatessaron*, a harmony
of the four Gospels.
diathes/ia*, a habit of body,
pi. -es*; pron. dy-ath'-
e-sis.
dichotomize*, to divide
into two parts, not -ise.
Dichter (Ger. m.), a poet
(cap.).
"Dichtung und Wahr-
heit," by Goethe, not
W- und D-.
Dicksee (Frank), 1853-,
painter,
dicky*, not -ey.
diet., dictator, dictionary.
dictionnaire (Fr. m,, two
m's), dictionary,
dict/um *, a saying ; /)/. -a *.
dictum sapienti (Lat.\ a
word to the wise.
didactyl*, two- fingered,
not -le.
Diderot (Denis), 1713-84,
Fr. writer,
didn't (typ.), to be close up.
didst (no apos.).
didymium*, symbol Di*.
diecious, use dice- *.
died, abbr. d. {see also
dagger),
dieresis, use disB-*.
d/es/*(Lat.),day ',—fausti,
auspicious days ; — /n-
fausti, inauspicious days ;
— iras*, day of wrath.
dieslis* (typ.), the double
dagger J ; pi. -es.
diesj Juridicus* (Lat.), a
day on which courts sit ;
— ne fasti f blank days ;
— non* (law), a day
when no business is done.
Dieu et mon droit, God
and my right (Eng. royal
motto).
differ/, -ence, abbr. dif.
different//-ow, not to, with.
differentija *, a distinguish-
ing mark ; pi. -as*.
digestible *, not -able.
digraph, see diphthongs.
diil majores (Lat.), men of
the first rank; — minores,
men of the second rank.
dike*, not dyke.
9a
DILATABLE — DISHARMONIZE
dilatable*, not -cable.
dilatation*, " more correct
than dilation " ^O.E.D.).
dilator*, not -er.
dilemma/*,/*/. -s(notital.).
dilettant/e* (It.), a lover of
the fine arts ; pi. -i**.
diligence*, a stage-coach
(not ital.).
diluvi/um.* (geoL), aqueous
deposit ; pi. -a (ital.).
D.I.M., District Inspector
of Musketry.
dim., dimidium (one-half),
diminutive.
dime* (U.S.A.), ten cents ;
abbr. d.
diminuendo* (It. mus.),
less loud ; abbr. dim,
Dinan,dep.C6tes-du-Nord.
Dinant, Belgium.
Dinard, Brittany.
dindonj (Fr. m.), a turkey;
-neau, turkey poult.
diner] (Fr.), to dine, (m.)
dinner; — parcceur, to
go dinnerless.
dinghy*, small boat, not
-gey, -gy.
dining-room.* (hyphen).
dioces/e, -an ; abbr. dioc.
dioecious* (bot.), not die-.
Diogenes Laertius,
about A.D. 200.
dionym*, a binomial
name, as Homo sapiens.
Dionysius, of Syracuse.
Dionysus, Gr. god Bacchus.
diopter*, lens measure, in
Lat. dioptra ; abbr. d.
Dioscuri (the), Castor and
Pollux.
diphtheria*, not dipth-.
diphthongize*, to turn
into a diphthong, «o/-ise.
diphthongs (typ.), /E, ae,
(E, oe, for single sounds,
are in England employed
in English, French,
Greek, Latin, and Old-
English words, instead
of the separate letters ae,
oe. ae and oe should be
restricted to works for
classical scholars and stu-
dents (see also German),
diplomat*, a diplomatist;
abbr. dipl. (not ital.).
diplomate*, one holding a
diploma ; in Fr. dipldme,
diplomatize*, not -ise.
dipsomania/*, -c*.
Director-General, abbr.
D.G.
directress *, a female
director, not -oress, -trix.
dirigible*,
dis., discipline, discount,
(typ.) distribute.
dis aliter visum (Lat.),
the gods have thought
otherwise,
disarrangement*, not
-gment.
disburden*, not -then,
disbursement*, not
-sment.
disc, use disk*,
disc, discovered, -er.
discern/*, to see; -ible*
{see also decern),
disciplinary *, not -ery.
discipline, abbr. dis.
discipular*, disciple-like.
d/SCOAo//as*,adisk-throw-
er, not -ulus ; pi. -/*.
discoloration*, not dis-
colour-,
discolour/ *, -ed *, -ment *,
not discolor,
discomfit/*, -ed*, -ing*.
disconnexion*, «o/-ction.
discount, abbr. dis.
discover/ed, -er ; abbr.
disc,
discreet*, judicious,
discrete*, separate,
disenthral/*, wo/ -enthrall,
-inthral, -inthrall ; -led *,
-ment ♦.
disenthron/e*, not disin- ;
-ing*, -ement*.
disfavour*, not -vor.
disfranchise*, not -ize.
disguis/e*, -er*.
dishabille, use de- ; in
Fr. m. dSsliabillS,
disharmonize*, not -ise.
93
DISHEVELIiED — DIVISOR
dishevelled*, not -eled.
disillusionize*, uoi -ise.
disinthral, ttse disen-*.
disinthrone, use disen-*.
disjecta membra * (Lat.),
scattered remains, but
*'disjecti membra poetae "
(Horace).
disk*, «o/disc.
dislodgment*, ttot -ement.
dismissible*, tiot -able.
disorganiz/e*, -er*.«o/-ise.
dispatch/*, -er*, not des-.
dispensable*, not -ible.
dispensary*, abbr. disp.
dispise, use des-*.
Disraeli (B.), 1804-81,
Earl of Beaconsfield.
d'Israeli (Isaac), 1766-
1848, writer, father of
above.
disseis/e*, to dispossess
wroogfully, not -ze ; -ee*,
-in*, -or*, -oress*.
Dissenter (cap.).
dissertation, abbr. diss.
dissipi (Fr.), /em. -ie,
dissipated.
dissoluble*, «o/-uable.
dissolvable*, «o/ -ible.
dissyllable, use disy-*.
dist., distance, distinguish,
-ed, district.
distastable*, «o/ -cable.
distension*, «o/-tion.
distil*, «o/-ill.
distinction (titles of)
(typ.), as F.R.S., LL.D.,
are usually put in large
caps. Even s.caps. often
improve general effect.
distingujS* (Fr.),>m. -Se,
distinguished.
distinguish/, -ed; abbr.
dist.
Dist. R., District Railway
^London).
distrait/*, y^w. -e, absent-
minded (not ital.).
distribute (typ.), to put
back each letter and space
into its proper compart-
ment in the cases; abbr.
dis.
distributing machine
(typ.), one for distributing
type.
district, abbr. dist.
District/ Court, — of Co-
lumbia, abbr. D.C.; —
Railway, D.R.; —Re-
gistry, D.R.
disyllab/le*, -ic*, -ize*,
of two syllables, not
diss-.
ditto*, abbr. do.
dittogram* (typ.), a letter
repeated by mistake.
div., divide, -d, dividend,
divine, division, divisor,
Fr. divers (diverse).
divde. (Fr. m.), dividende
(dividend).
diverticul/um *, a by-
way ; pi. -a*.
divertimentjo* (It), akind
of baUet, />/. -/* ; also
(Fr.) divertissement*.
divest*, not de-.
divid/e, -ed, -end, divi-
sion, divisor ; abbr.
div. ; sign for divide -r.
divide et impera (Lat.),
divide and govern.
** Divina Commedia,"
1300-18, by Dante, not
Come-.
Divine (typ.), when used
directly of the Deity cap.
D ; abbr. div.
Divine Spirit, as title of
Deity (caps.).
Divis (Ger. typ. n,), the
hyphen,
division of words : never
separate a group of letters
representing a single
sound; and so divide a
word that each part
retains its present sound.
Examples : at-mos-
phere, con-di-tion,cred-it-
able, de-light-ful, de-sert
(abandon), des-sert (after
dinner), di-shev-el, mul-
ti-pli-ca-tion, pho-tog-ra-
phy, sub-trac-tion.
divisor* (math.), a factor.
94
DIVORCE — DOUCiAR
divorcjS (Fr.), /^w. -ie, a
divorced person.
Dixie's Land, the South-
ern States, U.S.A.
djinn, use 3-*.
D.L.*, Deputy- Lieutenant ;
D.Ij.I., Durham Light
Infantry; D. Lit.*, Doc-
tor of Literature ; but
Litt.D., Doctor of Let-
ters ; D.L.O., Dead Let-
ter Office, «ozt/ Returned
; D.L.S. (U.S.A.),
Doctor of Library Science.
D.M., Deputy Master,
Doctor of Medicine
(Oxford), (Fr.) Docteur
en Medecine (Doctor of
Medicine), (It. mus.)
destra mano (the right
hand).
D.N., Dominus noster (our
' Lord).
D.N.B., Dictionary of Na-
tional Biography.
Dniepr River, S. Russia,
not -per, Dnyepr.
Dniester River, S. Rus-
sia, not -tr, Dnyestr.
D.N.P.P., Dominus Noster
Papa Pontifex (Our Lord
the Pope).
D.O. (U.S.A.), Doctor of
Oratory.
do., ditto, the same.
doat, use dote*.
doc, documents.
Docent (Ger.), a university
teacher, now Doz-.
docket*, -ed*, -ing*.
dockyard* (one word).
Doctor/, abbr. D., or Dr. ;
— of Canon Law,
D.Cn.L. ; — Civil Law,
D.C.L. ; — Dental Sur-
gery, D.D.S. ; — Divin-
ity, D.D. ; — Hygiene,
D.Hy. ; — Letters,
Litt.D. ; — Library
Science (U.S.A.),
D.L.S. ; — Literature,
D.Lit. ; — Medicine
(Oxford), D.M. ; —
Music, D.Mus., or
Mus.Doc. ; Doctor of
Oratory (U.S.A.), D.O.;
— Philosophy, Ph.D.,
or D.Ph. ; — Science,
D.Sc. ; — Theology,
D.Th. ; — University
of Paris, Dr. Univ.
Par. ; — Veterinary
Medicine (U.S.A.),
D.V.M. ; — Zoology,
D.Z.
Doctors* Commons*,
London (apos.).
doctress*, not -oress.
doctrinaire* (not ital.).
doctrinize*, to theorize,
not -ise.
documents (typ.), to be
an exact reprint; abbr.
doc.
Doddington, Cambs,
Kent, Northumb, North-
ants {see also Dodi-).
Doderlein (Ludwig),
1791-1863, philologist.
Dodington, Somerset {see
also Dodd-).
dogana* (It. f.), custom-
house.
dogate*, office of doge,
not -eate (not ital.).
dog-days* (hyphen).
doge*, chief magistrate
of Venice (not ital.).
doggerel *, not -grel.
dogma/*,/)/, -s*.
dogmatize*, not -ise.
dog's letter*, R.
Dohn^nyi (E. von),
1877-, pianist.
Dohm (Anton), 1840-
1909, zoologist.
doily*, a napkin, not -ey,
doyley, -ly, d'oyley, -ie.
dol., dollar.
dolcej far nlente* (It.),
delightful idleness ; —
manlera, — manners ; —
-piccante, bitter-svs^eet.
doleful *, not -11.
dollar/, abbr. d., or dol. ;
— mark (tj'p.), ^, to be
be/ore, and close up to, the
figures, as $50.
95
rOLIilNGER — DOUBLE
r
Dollinger (J. J. I.), 1799-
1890, theologian.
Dollond (J.), 1706-61,
optician, not -and.
dolorous*, 6m/ dolour*.
D.O.M., Deo Optimo
maximo (To God the best
and greatest).
Dom (Ger.), cathedral ;
(Russ.) house; (Port.)
title of nobility, also title
of certain monks, as Dom
Gasquet ; not Don.
dom., domestic, dominion.
Domenichino, or Dome-
nico Zampieri, 1581-
164 1, painter.
"Domesday Book*,'* not
Dooms- ; abbr. D.B.
domestic, abbr. dom.
Dotnine dirlge nos (Lat.),
Lord, direct us (motto
of the City of London).
Dominica, Haiti, in Sp.
San Domingo.
dominical ad paimas.
Palm Sunday ; — de
Passione, Passion — ;
— dies, Sunday ; — in
albis, Low — .
dominie*(,old Sc.),teacher,
preacher.
dominion, abbr. dom.
Dominion Day *, Canada,
1 July,
domino/*, pi. -es*.
Dotninusj (Lat.), Lord ;
abbr. D. : — noster, our
Lord, D.W.
Domus Procerutn (law),
the House of Lords; abbr.
D.P., or Dom. Proc.
Donegal, Ireland.
Donegall (Marquess o/).
Donizetti (Q-.j» ^797-
1848, composer.
donna* (It.), a lady (ital.).
Donne (John), 1573-
1631, poet
don*t (typ.), to be close up.
doolie* (Ind.), a litter, not
dhooley, -he, -ly, dooly.
"Doomsday Book,** use
Domesday — *.
doorsbek (Arab. ), Moham-
medan prayer-carpet.
dopo Cristo (It.), a.d. ;
abbr. d.C.
Doppelpunkt (Ger. m.),
the colon.
Dor., Doric.
Dore (P. Gustave), 1833-
83, painter.
dormeuse* (Fr. f.), a
settee, nightcap, travel-
ling sleeping carriage.
dormy* (golf), not -ie.
d'Orsay (A.G.G., count),
1801-52, "the last dandy."
Dorset, not Dorsetshire.
Dory (John), fish, not
-ey.
dosage* (med.), not -cage.
dose (med.), abbr. d.
dosiology*, science of
doses, not dosol-.
dossier*, papers referring
to some matter (not ital.).
DostoiefiFsky (F. M.),
1818-81, Russ. writer.
dot/e*, to show great love,
not doat ; -age*.
dotterel*, plover, woZ-trel.
Douai, dep. Nord, not
-y; but Douay Bible.
douane* (Fr.f.), customs ;
abbr. d.
double (typ.), a word, etc.,
erroneously repeated.
doublje (Fr.), fem. -Se,
hned.
double-barrelled*, not
-eled (hyphen).
double-bass (mus.) (hy-
phen).
double (approximate sizes
of unfolded) —
— crown paper,3o x 2oin.
— demy, 35 x 22I/2
— elephant, 40 x 27
— foolscapprinting,27 x 17
writing, 27 x 17
— imperial, 44 x 3°
— large cards, 6 x 4V2
— post, 31^2x1973
— royal, 40 x 25
— small cards, 4^/4 x s'/g
— {see also books, paper).
96
DOUBLE — DKAWBACK
D double english
type, 28-point,
2^/2 lines to an
inch, as this
initial.
double entente {un mot
h) (Fr.), a word with two
meanings, not entendre.
D double par-
agon type,
40-point,^/g"in
depth, as this
initial.
double pica type.
D
itial.
24-point, 3^/3 lines
to an inch, as this
doublure* (Fr. typ. f.),
ornamental lining to a
book-cover.
.cfo«/cei/r* (Fr.f.),agratuity.
douche* (not ital.).
dough (naut.), a pudding,
use duff*.
Doukhobors, use Duk-.
douse*, to drench with
water {see also dowse).
douzaine (Fr. f.), dozen;
abbr. dzne.
dovecot*, not -cote.
Dovedale, Derby.
dow, use dhow*.
dowager, abbr. dow.
Down, Ireland.
DowTie (Viscount).
down /fall*, -stairs* (one
word).
dowse*, to use a divining
rod {see also douse).
doyen*, the senior member
of a society (not ital.).
d'oyl/ey, -ie, use doily*.
doze *, to sleep.
dozen/, -s, abbr. doz.
Dozent (Ger. m.), a uni-
versity teacher, not now
Doc- (cap.).
D.P. (law), Domus Procer-
utn (the House of Lords);
D.P.H., Diploma in
Public Health; D.Ph.,
Doctor of Philosophy,
usually Ph.D. ; D.P.O.,
Distributing Post Office ;
dpt., deponent.
D.K. (naut.), dead reckon-
ing. District Railway,
District Registry, (Ger.)
Deutsches Reich (German
Empire) ; Dr.*, debtor,
doctor ; dr., drachma (a
dram), dram, -s, drawer.
drachm, use dram*.
drachma/*, a dram, various
coins; pi. -s*, abbr. dr.
draft*, a deduction in
weighing, a military party,
a money order, a rough
sketch ; to draw off, to
sketch ; abbr. dft. {see also
draught).
draftsman*, one who
drafts documents {see also
draughtsman).
drag6e*, a sweetmeat con-
taining medicine, not -ge.
draggle-tail*, not daggle-.
dragoman/* ; />/. -s*, not
-men (not ital.).
dragonnade*, Fr. Protes-
tant persecution in 168 1,
not -onade, -oonade.
Dragoon Guards, abbr.
D.G. ; these are not
" Guardsmen."
draisine*, earliest bicycle,
1818, not -sene, -snene.
dram*, sixty grains, one
teaspoonful, sixty minims,
not drachm ; pi. -s, abbr.
dr., sign 5.
dramat/ic, -ist, abbr.
dram.
dramatis personsB*, abbr.
dram. pers.
dramatize*, not -ise.
draught*, act of drawing,
a take of fish, 20 lb. of
eels, act of drinking, a
dose, a vessel's depth in
water, a current of air,
liquor *'on draught" {see
also draft).
draughtsman*, one who
makes drawings, plans,
etc. {see also draftsman) .
drawback, abbr. dbk.
97 7
DRAWER — DUMAS
dravsrer, abbr. dr.
drawiiig-rooin*(hyphen).
Dred Scott, U.S. law case.
Dreibund {der), the Triple
Alliance.
dressmaking, abbr. dress.
driblet*, not dribb-.
dri/er*, -est*, 6«/ dryly*.
drivell/er*, -iiig*(two/'s).
drizzling (naut.). abbr. d.
droit* (Fr. m.), moral and
legal right.
droite (Fr. f.), the right
hand ; abbr. d.
Drontheim, use Trond-
hjem.
dropped heads (typ.),
the first pages of chapters,
etc., beginning lower than
others.
droshky* (Russ.), a four-
wheeled vehicle, not -sky.
drought/*, -y *, aridity, not
drouth.
Drouyn de Lhuys (I.),
1805-81, Fr. statesman.
D.R.P., Deutsches Reichs-
patent (German patent) ;
Deutsche Reichspost (Ger.
Imperial post).
Druckf (Ger. typ. m.), a
proof; -er, a printer;
"febler, s. and pi., mis-
print.
Drumlea, Newtown
Stewart.
Drum lee, Co. Down.
Dr. Univ. Par., Doctor of
the University of Paris.
drunkenness*, «o^-eness.
Druse*, one of a Moham-
medan sect, not -ze.
dryasdust* (one word).
dryly*, 6«/ dri/er*, -est*.
cLs., days' sight, days after
sight ; D.Se., Doctor of
Science; D.S.O., Dis-
tinguished Service Order ;
d.S.p., decessit sine prole
(died without issue) ;
d.s.q., discharged to sick
quarters.
^3,,domitius; at Cambridge,
a giaduate.
d.t., delirium tremens.
D.Ter., Dakota Territory;
oflSc. abbr. Dak.
D.Th., Doctor of Theology.
Du., Dutch.
du (typ.), as prefix to a
proper name, in accord-
ance with continental
practice, should not have
initial cap., as du Chatelet,
except when anglicized.
Signatures to be copied.
dualize*, not -ise.
Dual Monarchy (caps.).
dub., dubitans (doubting),
dubius (dubious).
du Barry (M. J. G. de V.,
comtesse), 1746-93.
Dublin, abbr. Dubl.
Dubois - Reymond
(Emil), 1818-96, physiol-
ogist, «o/du Bois.
due (Fr. m.), Duke (not
cap.).
duces tecum*, a subpoena.
du ChaiUu (P. B.), 1837-
1904, traveller.
Duchesne, pron. dak'sn.
ductus, a duct ; pi. same.
duell/er*, -ing* (two Z's).
duel Jo* (It.), a duel.
duenna* (not ital.).
due puati (It. typ.), the
colon.
duff* (naut.), a pudding,
not dough.
Dugue8clin(B.), 1314-80,
Fr. soldier.
Duke, abbr. D. ; in Fr.
due (not cap.).
Duke of York's School,
soldiers' orphan asylum.
Dukhobors, Russian sect,
not Douk-.
Duleep Singh, not Dhu-
leep, Dulip.
dullness*, not dulness.
Dulong and Petit (law
of) (physics).
Dumas (Davy de la
Pailleterie — "Alex-
andre"), 1803-70, Fr.
writer ; — (Alexandre),
his son, 1824-95, also
98
""^W^^
DUMAS — D.ZUG
writer ; Dumas (J. B.),
1800-84, chemist.
Du Maurier (George
L.P.B.), 1834-96, artist.
Dumbarton, not Dun-,
dumb-bell* (hyphen).
dumbfound/*, -ed*,-er*,
not clumf-.
dual sola (law), while
unmarried.
Dunblane, not Dum-.
dun cow* (Devon), a ray
fish.
Dunelm., signature Bp. of
Durham (full point).
dungaree*, coarse calico,
not -eree.
duniwassal* (Sc), a
Highland gentleman, not
dunni-.
Dunkirk, dep. Nord ; in
, Fr. Dunkerque.
Dunn (Sir W.), 1833-.
Dunne (Sir J.), 1835-.
Dunnottar Castle, Kin-
cardine (two «'s and i's).
Duns Scotus (Johan-
nes), 1265 or 1274-1308,
metaphysician.
duodecimo* (typ.), 7^2 x
4^/j in., abbr. 12mo (no
point).
Duodez (Ger. typ. n.),
i2mo.
Dupuytren (G., baron),
1777-1835, anatomist.
durchscbiessen (Ger.
typ. ), to lead or space ;
durcbscbossea, leaded
(type), interleaved
(books) ; DurcbschUsse,
leads; durcbseben, to
revise.
Diirer (Albrecht), 147 1-
1528, German painter ;
Dureresque*, his style,
duress*, constraint, «o/ -e.
Durham, abbr. Dur.
durrie, use dhurrie *.
Dussek (J. Ii.), 1 761-1812,
composer.
Diisseldorf, Germany.
Dutch/, abbr. Du. ; —
alphabet (typ.), same
as English. No accented
or marked letters, tj —
Eng. ^ ; — paper, van
G elder's, hand-made in
Holland,
duumvir/*, magistrate ;
Eng. pi. -s*.
dux (Lat.), a leader, pi.
duces ; dux gregis,
leader of the flock.
D.V.*, Deo volente (God
willing).
D.V.M. (U.S.A.), Doctor of
Veterinary Medicine.
Dvofdk (Antonin),
1841-1904, composer,
pron. dvor'zhek.
d.v.p., decessit vita patris
(died during his, or her,
father's lifetime).
Dwina, N. Russia, not
Dvina, Duna.
dwt., pennyweight, -s,
24 troy grains, not
pwt.
Dyak,of Borneo,«o/ Dayak.
dyeing*,
dygogram*, a magnetic
deviation curve,
dying*,
dyke, Ks^dike**.
Dymoke (F. S.), 1862-,
Eng. Sovereign's Cham-
pion, not Di-, Dimock,
Dymock.
dynamics, is singular ;
abbr. dyn.
djmamo/ *, pi. -s.
dyotheism, the doctrine
that there are two
gods.
Dysart (Earl o/), also
Desart.
D.Z., Doctor of Zoology.
dzne., douzaine (dozen).
D.-Zug (Ger. m.), Durch-
gang-Zug (a through
99
D NOTES
D NOTES
'01
B. — fiCHALOTE
E
E., Earl, Earth, east,
Eastern postal district,
London, engineer, second-
class merchant ship at
Lloj'd's, (Roj-al Nax'y)
engineering, fifth in a
series, all proper names
with this initial.
E* (chem.), erbium.
e, eccentricity of ellipse,
(dyn.) coefficient of elast-
icity, (elec.) electromotive
force of cell.
e, or e (math.), base of Na-
pierian logarithms.
e (It., Port.), and.
i (Port.), is.
e (It.), is.
h (e grave accent), to be
used for the last syllable
of past tenses and parti-
ciples when that other-
wise mute syllable is to be
separately pronounced,
as, " Hence, loathed
melancholy ! "
each (gram.) must be fol-
lowed by verb and pro-
noun in sing., as " each
person knows his own
property." Abbr. ea.
eagre*, tidal wave, not-er.
E. & O. E.*, errors and
omissions excepted.
Earl, abbr. E.
earlier, correlative of later.
ear-ring* (hyphen).
Earth (the), abbr. E.,
sign ©.
east, abbr. E. {see also
compass).
East End, London (caps.).
Easter Sunday*, first after
the calendar full moon
on, or next after, 21
March.
East Indies*, "include
Hindustan, Further India,
and the islands beyond"
(O.E.D.); abbr. E.I.
easy chair* (two words).
easygoing (one word).
eau^-de- Cologne*, — de-
vie* (hyphens) ; —
forte*, nitric acid, also
an etching; — -fortiste,
an etcher ; — BUQr§e,
sugar and water (not
ital.).
E.B., " Encyclopaedia Bri-
tannica."
E.B, (Ger.), Eisenbahn
(railway).
Eblis, not I-.
ebonize*, «o^-ise.
Ebor., Eboracum (York),
Eboracensis, signature of
Abp. of York (full
point).
E. b S., east-by-south.
eburnean*, like ivory, not
-ian.
E.G., Established Church,
Eastern - Central postal
district, London.
icart (Fr. m.), error.
6cart6*, a game of cards,
Ecce/ Homo*, ''Behold
the Man " ; — signum *,
here is the proof.
Ecele^echan, birthplace
of Carlyle, 4. 12. 1795.
Ecclesiastes, abbr. Ec-
cles.
ec3lesiastical/, abbr.
eccles. ; — signs : —
Maltese cros% »{4 used in
R.C. service books to
notify ''make the sign of
the cross," also before
signatures of certain R.C.
dignitaries ; Latin cross
^ ; St. Andrew's cross X ;
in service books, '^L re-
sponse, f versicle, *
words to be intoned.
Eoclesiasticus, abbr.
E3ClUS.
Scbalote (Fr. f.), a shallot,
not esch-.
ifiCHANTIIiliOlSr — EDITORIAL
6chantillon (Fr. m.), a
sample.
E3hegaray(Jos§), 1832-,
Sp. dramatist.
echelon* (mil.), a troop for-
mation (notital.,no accent).
echo/*, pi. -es*, not -os.
iciaircissement* (Fr.m.),
explanation.
6clat*, renown (not ital.).
economize*, «o/ -ise.
econom/y, -ical, -ios,
-ist, abbr. econ.
ScossaisI (Fr.), fetft. -e,
Scotch (not cap.); also
Scossaise*, a dance.
ecraseur*, surgical instru-
ment (no accent). •
Screvisse (Fr. f.), crayfish,
lobster.
ecru*, unbleached linen col-
our (no accent, not.ital.).
ecstasy*, not -cy, ex-.
ecstatic*, not extatic.
E.C.U., English Church
Union.
Ecuador, not Eq- ; abbr.
Ecua.
ecumenic/, -al, usecBOVL- *.
E.D.D., "English Dialect
Dictionary."
"Edda/"*, a collection of
Icelandic legends ; pi, -s.
Eddystone Lighthouse.
edelweiss*, Alpine plant.
edema/, -tous, use ced-*.
edge-bolt (binding), the
closed folds of a sheet as
shown in an uncut book.
edges (binding) : cir-
cuit — , covers turned
over to protect the edges
of the paper; cut — , the
three edges cut solid by
a cuttingmachine; gilt — ,
the three edges cut solid
and gilt ; gilt-top — , top
edge cut solid and gilt,
others trimmed only ;
marbled — , all edges cut
solid, and stained like
marble ; opened — , cut
with a hand paper-knife;
red — , the cut edges col-
edges (binding) (cont.).
oured red and burnished
sprinkled
the cut
edges finely sprinkled
with colour; tooled — ,
those with impressed de-
signs ; trimmed — , top
edge untouched, and in-
equalities only removed
from the others, the folds
are not opened ; uncut,
unopened, or untouch-
ed — , all edges quite un-
touched, being left as they
are folded ; white — , cut,
not coloured or gilt {see
also margins).
edge-tool*, not edged — .
edgeways*, not -y, -wise.
Edgeworth (Prof. F. Y.),
econ.; — (Maria), 1767-
1849, writer.
Edgware Hoad, London,
not Edge-.
edidit (Lat.), he, or she,
edited.
edile, useBd6Me*.
Edinburgh, abbr. Edin.
Edipus, use CE- *.
iditeur (Fr. m.), publisher,
not editor.
edition, abbr. ed. (see also
title pages).
Edition de luxe, a sump-
tuous edition (not ital.).
edition (limited), where a
smaller number than usual
of a book is printed.
Each copy should contain
a printed certificate some-
what as this : " 250 copies
of this book have been
printed, of which this
is No. — "( the number
being written in ink).
edltioj princeps, a first
printed edition; pi. -nes
principes,
editor, abbr. ed., pi. eds. ;
in Fr. m. directeur^ r6-
dacteur en cbef, or
gSrant
editorial*, newspaper art-
icle with the editor's views.
103
EDITRESS — EIN
editress*, a fem. editor, uot
-toress.
Edmund, abbr. Edm.
E.D.S., English Dialect
Society.
educationist*, not -alist.
Edward, abbr. E., or Ed.
E.E., Early English, errors
excepted, (Ger.) Euer
EhrwUrden (your Rever-
ence).
ee (Sc), eye; pL sen.
E.E. & M.P., Envoy Ex-
traordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary.
eerie*, weird, not -y.
E.E.T.S., Early English
Text Society.
effecter*, not -or.
Effendi*, Turkish title of
respect, not -dee.
eflauvi/um*, pi. -a* (not
ital.).
eflluxion*, «o/-ction.
e.g.*, exempli gratia (for
example) (I.e., not ital,,
preceded by comma). Use
" for example " rather
than e.g.
Sgare mentj {Fr.m.), error;
pi. 'S.
Eginhard, use Ein-.
egis, use se-*.
egotize*, to act egotistic-
ally, not -ise.
egret*, the lesser white
heron {seealso aigrette*).
Egypt/, -ian, abbr. Egy. ;
— Exploration Fund,
not Egyptian .
egyptian* (typ.), a type
with thick stems,
as this.
Egyptian pound, in Eng.
;^i. OS. 6i/,d. ; abbr. £E.
Egyptienne (Ger. typ. f.),
same type as "English."
Egyptolog/ist, -y, abbr.
Egyptol.
eh (typ.), when exclama-
tion, to be followed by
exclamation point ; when
question, by note of in-
terrogation.
E.H.P., electrical horse-
power.
Ehrenbreitstein, on the
Rhine, not -enstein.
E.I., East India, -n, -ies.
-ei-, in words, the pronun-
ciation of which does not
imply thespelling:— being,
ceiling, conceit, conceive,
counterfeit, cuneiform, de-
ceit, deceive, deign, eider,
eidograph, eight, eighth
(etc.), eirenicon, either,
feign, feint, foreign, for-
feit, freight, heifer, heigh-
ho, height, heinous, heir,
-ess, inveigh, inveigle,
• kaleidoscope, leisure,
meiosis, neigh, -hour,
-bourhood, neither, non-
pareil, obeisance, perceive,
plebeian, receipt, receive,
reign, reindeer, reins,
Seidlitz, seigneur, seize,
skein, sleight, sovereign,
surfeit, their, tireing, veil,
vein, weigh, -t, weir, weird
{see also -ie-).
E.I.C., East 'India Com-
pany.
eiconic, use iconic *.
E.I.C.S., East India Civil
Service; frequently I.C.S.
eidol/on*, a phantom ; pi.
-a*.
Eifel Mountains, Ger.
Eiffel/ (A. G.), 1 832-, Fr.
engineer ; — Tower,
Paris.
eighteenmo* (typ.), deci-
mo-octavo, abbr. ISmo
(no point) ; demylSmo,
about 6 X 3^/4 in.
eigret/, -te, use aigrette*
(see also egret).
eikon, use icon*.
" Eikon Basilike,** a
work of Charles I (?).
einbringen (Ger. typ.),
to put a word into the
preceding line.
ein Drittel (Ger.), one-
third ; (typ.) thick space,
one-third em.
104
EINHARD — ELLIOT
Einhard, 770-840, writer,
not Egin-.
Einleitung (Ger. typ. f.),
introduction.
eirenicon*, a peace pro-
posal, not ir-.
Eisteddfod/*, a congress
of bards ; pron. ice-teth'-
vod, pi. -au.
either (gram.), correctly
used for two only and
must be followed by verb
and pronoun in sing., as
"either is to be taken."
Correlative or, not nor.
ejUSdemKLsit. ),of the same,
abbr. ejusd. ; — generis ^
of the same kind.
El (Heb.), God.
el (Sp. m.), the.
el (Sp.), he.
Elagabalus, not Helio-.
elan*, dash, spirit(notital.).
elater/*, not -or ; pi. -s.
Elburz (Mount), Cauca-
sus, not -ruz.
elchee* (Turk.), an am-
bassador, not -i, eltchi.
Elder Brethren of Trinity
House (caps.).
El Dorado*, the golden
land (two words, not ital.).
elec, electricity, electrical,
electuary.
elector*, not -er.
electress*, wo/-toress.
electrocute, to carry out
a death sentence by elec-
tricity.
electrolier*, a cluster of
electric lamps (not ital.).
electrolyze*, not -yse.
electro/meter*, electricity
measurer ; -motive * ;
-motor*, electric loco-
motive (one word).
electrotype* (one word) ;
abbr. electro (no point).
electuary, abbr. elec.
eleemosynary*,charitable.
SlSgantl (Fr.), a fashion-
able man ; /em. -e*.
elegist*, writer of an
elegy, not -giast.
eleme*, a dried fig (not
ital., no accent).
elementary, abbr. elem.
elements (chemical), no
point after symbols ; see
also under each name.
elemi*, a resin.
elench/us* (logic), pi. -i*.
elenctic/*, of refutation,
not -chtic.
elephanta*, a violent
storm, not -er (not ital.).
elephant-paper*, 28x23
in. ; double ditto*, 40 x
26^/4 in.
elevator*, not -er.
6lhve (Fr. m. and f.), a
pupil, scholar.
elf*, a sprite ; pi. elves*.
Elgin Marbles (caps.).
Elia, pen-name of Charles
Lamb, 1775-1834.
eligible*, «o/ -able.
Eliogabalus, use Ela-.
Eliot, fam. name of Earl ot
St. Germans; — (Sir
C. N. E.), 1864- ; —
(George), 1819-80, pen-
name of Mary Ann, or
Marian, Evans; — (Sir
John), 1839-, F.R.S.(sf^
also E11-).
Eliott(Qeneral George),
1779-83, defender of Gib-
raltar; — (Sir W. F. A.),
1827- {see also Eliot,
E11-).
elision (typ.), suppression
of a vowel or syllable, as
e'en for even. In Eng.
generally and Fr. always,
letters to be close up. In
Gr., It, Lat, Sp. to be
spaced {see also ellip-
sis).
elisor* (law), one who
selects a jury.
6lite* (Fr. f.), a select part
(not ital.).
elixir* (not ital.).
Elizabeth, abbr. Eliz.
Ellichpur, Ind., not Ilich-.
Elliot, fam. name of Earl of
Minto; — (SirA.J.H.),
105
ELLIOT — EMERITUS
i825-;EUiot(SirE.L.),
1850- ; — (Sir George),
1867- ; — (Sir H. G.),
1817-, P.C. ; — (Sir H.
G.), 1826-, K.C.M.G.
EUiott (Sir C. A.), 1835- ;
— (Sir C. B.), 1841- ;
— (Sir T. H.), 1854- {see
also Eli-).
ellips/is*, the omission of
words, pi. -es* ; (typ.)
three periods {not aster-
isks) separated by em
quads (en in narrow
measures) are sufficient
to mark omissions in all
cases. When the pre-
ceding sentence has been
brought to a close, four
should be used ; the first
to be close up ; not illi-
{see also elision),
eloge*, an oration (no ac-
cent, not ital.) ; in Fr.
m. iloge.
Elohim * ( Heb. ), the Deity,
eloin* (law), to abscond,
not -gn.
E. long., east longitude.
Elsass-Lothringen, Ger.
for Fr. Alsace-Lor-
raine, now the Reichs-
land.
Elsinore, Dan. for Hel-
singor.
elucidator*, not -er.
;filys6e palace, Paris.
Elysium* (cap., not ital.).
elytr/on*, a covering ; pi.
-a* (not ital.).
Elzevir type *, a style of type
condensed or compressed in
appearance, as this.
E.M.,EarlMarshal,£"^M«V«m
Magister (Master of the
Horse).
Em., Emmanuel, Emily,
Emma,
em/ (typ.), the unit of meas-
urement, the square of
the body of any size of
type ; — quad^ a space
used after each period and
before the first word of
new paragraph; em rule,
5^<? punctuation, IX.
embalmment* (3 m's).
embank*, not im-.
embargo/*, «o/im- ; pi. -es
(not ital.).
embarkation*/^©/- cation,
embarras* (noun).
embarras des richesses
(Fr.), a superfluity of good
things.
embarrass* (verb).
embassador*, used only
in America,
embassy*, «o/am-.
embathe*, not im-.
embed/*, -ded*, -ding*,
not im-.
embezzlement*, not
-Iment.
embitter*, «o/ im-.
emblaz/e*, -onry *, «o/ im-.
emblematize*, not -ise.
emblossom*, not im-.
embod/y*, -ied*, -ier*,
-iment*, not im-.
embolden*, not im-.
embonpoint* (Fr. m.),
plump, plumpness.
embosom*, not im-.
emboss*, not im-,
embouchement*, a river-
mouth.
embouchure* (mus.),
mouthpiece (not ital.).
embound*, not im-.
embowelled*, not -eled.
embower*, not im-.
embrangle*, not im-.
embrasure*, not -zure.
embroglio, ttse im- *.
embroil*, not im-.
embrue, use im- *.
embrute, use im-*.
embryo*, />/. -s.
embue, use im- *.
E.M.D.P., electromotive
difierence of potential.
emend*, to remove errors.
emerald (typ.),atvpeasthis
about six and a half point, 128
lines to the foot.
emerit/us *, honourably re-
tired ; pi. -i.
106
EMEU — END
emeu, use emu*.
imeute* (Fr. f.), insur-
rection.
E.M.F., electromotive force.
SmigrjS* (Fr. ),/eM. -Se, an
emigrant.
Emir, use Ameer*.
E.M.K. (Ger.), elekfro-
motorische Kraft (electro-
motive force).
Emmanuel/ College,
Cambridge ; — III, King
of Italy (two w's).
Emp., Emperor, Empress.
empsBStie*, embossed, not
-estic.
empair, use im- *.
empale, use im-*.
empanel/ *, to enrol* ;
-led*, -ling*, «o/ im-.
empassion, use im- *.
Emperor/, abbr. Emp.; —
of Germany, use Ger-
man Emperor.
emphas/is*, pi. -es*.
emphasize*, «o/-ise.
empicture*, not im-.
empierc/e*, -ing*, «o/im-.
emplacement* (not ital.).
em-ploy j6*, frequently em-
ployee (no accent), fern.
-6e * ; pi. -6s, fetn. -6es
(not ital.).
empori/um*, pi. -a.
etnpressiS (Fr.),/^w. -6e,
keen, eager.
empressement* (Fr. m.),
eagerness.
emprise*, not -ize.
emptiness*, not -tyness.
emptor*, a purchaser.
empyreum/a*, the^burnt' '
smell of organic matter,
not -ruma ; pi. -ata*.
emu*, not emeu.
emulator*, not -er.
en/ (typ.), half the width of
an em ; — quad, a space
usually inserted after a
colon, semicolon, note of
exclamation, and of inter-
rogation, when not ending
a sentence ; — rule (see
punctuation, XII).
enactor*, not -er.
en amateur (Fr.), like an
amateur.
enamell/ed*, -er*, -ing*,
-ist*, not -eler, etc.
enamorato, use in-*.
enj arrihre (Fr.), behind ;
— attendant, mean-
while ; — avant, for-
ward ; — bloCf in the
mass ; — bon fran^ais,
without mincing matters ;
— cachette, in hiding.
Encsenia*, Commemora-
tion at Oxford, not -cenia
(not ital.).
encage*, not in-.
encase*, not in-.
enceinte*, pregnant, an
enclosure (not ital.).
enchase *, not in-.
enchhre (Fr. f.), auction.
en cbeveux (Fr.), (of a
woman) bare-headed.
enchiridi/on*, handbook
or manual ; pi. -a (not *
ital.).
enclasp*, not in-.
enclave *, territory sur-
rounded by foreign do-
minions.
encloister*, not in-.
enclose *, not in-.
en cceur (Fr.), heart-
shaped.
encomium/*, a eulogy ;
pi. -s (not ital.).
encore*, again (not ital.).
encouragement*, not
-gment.
encroach*, not in-,
encrust*, not in-.
encrystal, use in-*.
encumber*, not in-.
encyclop8Bd/ia*, -iac*,
-iacal*, -ial*, -ian*,
-ic*, -ical*, -ism*,
-ist*, -ize*, not -pedia ;
abbr. ency.
"Encyclopaedia Britan-
nica," abbr. Ency. Brit.
end a break (typ.), in
composing, to fill up last
line with quads.
107
JUJNUJUMIfIFY — EN HESUME
endenin/ify,-ity, use in-*.
endent/, -ure, use in- *.
enj dernier ressort (Fr.),
as a last resource ; —
deshabilli, in undress;
— deux mots, to cut a
long story short.
end even (typ.), in com-
posing, the last word of
a ''take" of copy to end
a full line : opposed to
"end a break."
endite^ use in-*.
endleaves(typ.), the blank
fly-leaves at the beginning
and end of a book.
endors/e*, -able*, -ee*,
-er*, -ement*, uoi in-.
end papers, see end
leaves,
endu/e*, -able*, -ing*,
noi in-.
endiir/e*, -able*, -ed*,
-er* -ing*, «o/in-.
endways*, mo/ -wise.
•Endymion, Gr. legend.
E.N.E., east-north-east
{see also COmpass).
en Scbelle (Fr.), ladder-
like.
Eneid, use .^neid*.
enema/*, an injection ; pi.
-s* (not ital.).
energize*, «o/ -ise.
en famille (Fr.), with one's
family.
enfant gatS (Fr. m.), spoilt
child.
enfants perdus (mil.),
forlorn hope.
enfeeblement *.
enfeoff*, «o/-fief.
en f&te (Fr.), in festivity ;
enfin, finally (one word) ;
enj fin de cowpte, when
all is told ; — flagrant
dSlit, in the very act.
enfold*, noi in-,
enforce/*, -able*, «o/in-.
enfranchis/e*, -able*,
-ement*, -ing*, not -izc.
Eng., England, English.
eng., engineer, -ing, en-
graved, -er, -ing.
Engadine, Switz. ; in Ger.
Engadin.
engagement*, «o/-gment.
en gar^on (Fr.), as a
bachelor.
engineer, -ing, abbr. E.,
or eng.
Engl/and, -ish, abbr.
Eng.
English* (typ.), a
fourteen-point type, as
first line above, sixty-four
lines to the foot. Used in
Scotland for legal reports.
English translation,
abbr. E.T.
engorgement *, noi
-gment.
engraft*, not in-.
engrain *, not in-.
en grandej tenue, or —
— toilette (Fr.), in full
dress ; en grand sei-
gneur, magnificently.
engrav/ed, -er, -ing, abbr.
eng.
engroove*, not in-.
engross*, not in-.
engulf*, not in-, -gulph. .
enherit, use in- *.
enigma/, pi. -s.
enisle*, not in-.
enlargement*, «o/-gment.
en masse * (Fr.), in a bodj'.
enmesh*, not emm-, imm-.
Enniskillen, Ireland ; —
(Earl of), but Innis-
killing Dragoons and
Fusiliers.
ennui *, boredom (not ital. ).
ennuy/e *, /^w. -ie, bored
(not ital.).
enoculate, use in- *.
enj passant* (Fr.), by the
way ; — petit, on a small
scale ; — plein jOur, in
broad daylight; —pr/nce,
in princely style.
enquete (Fr. f.), inquiry,
enquir/e, -y, use in- *.
enj rapport* (Jr.), in sym-
pathy ; — rbgle, as it
should be; —rSsumS, to
1 08
EW KEVANCHE — ENWREATHE
sum up ; en revanche,
in revenge.
enrol/*, -led*, -ler*, -ling*,
-ment*, mo^ enroll, inroll.
en route* (Fr.), on the way.
en rule (typ.) (-), see
punctuation, XII.
ens* (Lat.), an entity; pi.
entia*.
ensconce*, not in-.
ensculpture, use in-*.
enseigne (Fr. m.), mid-
shipman ; (f.) signboard.
ensemble*, general effect
(not ital.).
ensheath*, not -the.
ensilage* (not ital.).
ensnare/*, -ment*, wo/ in-.
en somme (Fr.), in the
main.
ensoul*, not in-.
' enstall, use install*.
ensuing*, not -eing.
en suite* (Fr.), to match.
ensure*, to make safe {see
also assurance, insur-
ance).
enswathe*, not in-.
en fa6//er(Fr.), apron-like.
entailed* estate, not in-.
entente] (Fr. f.), meaning ;
— cordiale, cordial un-
derstanding; — {un mot
k double), a word, or
phrase, with two mean-
ings, />/. mots d double
entente, not entendre.
enteric* (not ital.).
enterpose, use in- *.
enterpret, use in- *.
enterprise*, not -ize.
entStjS (Fr.),/em. -6e, in-
fatuated, obstinate.
enthral/*, -led*, -ler*,
-ling*, -ment*, not in-,
-thrall.
entitle*, but intitule*.
entomology,abbr. entom.
entourage*, surroundings
(not ital.).
entozo/on*, internal para-
site; pi. -a* (not ital.).
entr'acte!*, the interval
between two acts ; pi. -s.
entrain*, heartiness (not
ital.), also to put in a rail-
way train.
en train (Fr.), in progress.
entrap/*, -ped*, -ping*,
not in-.
entreat*, not in-.
entrecote (Fr. cook, m.),
the "undercut."
entre deuxj (Fr.), betwixt
and between two ;
feux, between two fires ;
vins, half-drunk.
entree*, a made dish (not
ital).
entrefitet (Fr. typ. m.), a
short paragraph.
entremets*, side dishes
(not ital.).
entrench*, not in-.
entre] nous (Fr.), con-
fidentially ; — quatre
yeux, between ourselves.
entrepdt*, a mart (not
ital.).
entrepreneur * (mus.), a
contractor.
entresalle *, an te - ro om
(not ital.).
entresol*, a story between
ground -floor and first-
floor (not ital.).
entrust*, not in-.
Ent. Sta. Hall, Entered at
Stationers' Hall. •
entwine*, not in-.
entTvist*, not in-.
enunciat/e*, -or*.
enure (law), but use in-*.
enveigh, use in-*.
enveigle, use in- *.
en vilin (Fr.), in vellum.
envelop/* (verb), -ed*,
-ment.
envelope* (noun).
en virit6 (Fr.), in truth.
envoy ]6 (Fr.), /em. -Se, a
messenger.
en wall*, not in-.
en weave, use in- *.
enwind*, not in-.
enwrap/*, -ped*, -ping*,
not in-.
enwreathe*, not in-.
109
EOCEKIS — ERa
Eocene (cap., not ital).
eoj instanti (Lat.), at that
instant; — nomine, un-
der that name.
eolian, etc., use 8BO-*.
eon, use aeon*.
e.O.O.e, (Fr.), erreur on
omission exceptee (error or
omission excepted).
"Eothen," by Kinglake.
Eotvos (J., baron), 1813-
71, Hungarian writer.
epaulet*, mo/ -ette.
Sperduj (Fr.),/etM. -e, dis-
tracted.
epergne* (not ital, no
accent).
6perlans (Fr. m.), smelts.
ifipernay, Fr. white wine.
Eph., Ephesians, Ephraim.
ephah*, Heb. measure, not
epha.
ephemer/a*, same as -on;
pi. -SB* (not ital.).
ephemer/is *, a calendar ;
pi. -ides*.
ephemer/on *,/>/. -a* (not
ital.).
Ephesians, abbr. Eph.
ephpbaiba (Aram.), "Be
opened."
6pi (Fr. m.), roof finial (not
ital.).
^pice (Fr. f.), spice.
epicentnim *, of earth-
quake.
epideictic *, adapted for
display, not -ktic.
epigram/*, a pointed
saying; pi. -S (not ital.).
ipigramme* (Fr. cook, f.),
small cutlets, etc. (ital.).
Spinard (Fr. m.), spinach.
epiornis, use sepy-.
Epiphany, abbr. Epiph.
episcopal, abbr. episc.
epithalami/um *, a nuptial
song ; pi. -a*.
epitheU/um *, pi. -a.
epitomize*, not -ise.
epizo/on* (zool.), pi. -a*.
e pluribus unum (Lat.),
many made one (motto of
U.S.A.).
eppur si muove (It.), and
yet it moves ; e pur si —
often used.
ipreuvej (Fr. typ. f.), a
proof ; — d' artiste, art-
ist's proof.
iprisj (Fr.), fern, -e, en-
amoured.
6prouvette*, gunpowder
tester.
Epsom-salt*, not salts
(hyphen).
SpuisjS (Fr.), /em. -ee,
exhausted ; (typ.) out of
print.
eq., equal.
Equador, use Ecu-.
equal/ to (no longer with) ;
-led*, -ling*.
equaliz/e*, -ation*.
equal mark (typ.), = (a
hair-space before and
after).
equanimity*, not "of
mind."
Equator/, -ial, abbr. Eq.
equerry*, not -ery.
equestri/an *,/em.-ejine*.
equiangular, sign X..
equilateral, sign _L.
equinoctial*, not -xial.
equinox/*, pi. -es*.
equisetum/* (bot.), pi.
-S* (not ital.).
equivalent, abbr. equiv.
equivocator*, not -er.
equivoque* (not ital).
E.R., Eduardus Rex (King
Edward).
E.R.A. (R. Navy), Engine-
room Artificer.
Eragny Press, of L.
Pissarro.
erbium, symbol Er*.
Erckmann - Chatrian,
two Fr. writers colla-
borating from 1848-70.
erector*, not -er.
erethism* (path.), excite-
ment, not ery-.
E. K. et I., Eduardus Rex
et Imperaior {EdwardKing
and Emperor).
erg*, unit of work (notital).
110
ERGO — E.T.C.
ergo* (Lat.), therefore
(ital.).
Erichsen (Sir J. E.),
1818-96, surgeon.
Ericsson (John), 1802-
89, engineer.
Eros, god of love; pi.
Erotes.
erpetolog/y, -ist, use h- *.
errat/um*, //. -a* (not
ital.).
erstens (Ger.), in the first
place ; erstgeboreii,
first-born,
erysipelas* (not ital.).
erythism, use ere- *.
Erzertim, Turk. Armenia,
not -oum, -um.
E.S. (paper), engine-sized.
escalop, use scallop*,
escarp/*, -ment*, a steep
slope, not -pe.
eschalot, use shallot*,
escheator*, not -er.
Eschscholtzia* (hot.),
pron. e-sh5lt'se-a.
Escorial, Spain, not Escu-.
escritoire*, not -oir (not
ital.).
Esculap/ius, -ian, use
^-.
escutcheon*, plate for
keyhole, etc., not scut-.
Esdras, not to be abbre-
viated.
E. S. E., east-south-east
(see also compass).
Eskimo/, not Esquimaux;
pi. -s.
esophag/us, -eal, use
ces-*.
esp., especially,
espagnolette*, French-
windov^r fastening,
espalier*, a lattice- work, a
trained fruit-tree(not ital.).
especially, abbr. esp.
Esperanto, new universal
language.
espi6gl/e*(Fr.),frolicsome ;
-erie*, -ness (not ital.).
espionage* (not ital.).
espressivo* (It. mus.),
with expression, not ex-.
esprit/* (Fr. m.), genius,
wit ; — de corps*, respect
for a society by its mem-
. bers ; — fort*, a strong-
minded person,/"/, esprits
forts* (not ital.).
Esquimau, Vancouver,
not -ault.
Esquimaux, ws^ Eskimo.
Esquire, abbr. Esq.* ; J.
Smith, jun., Esq., not
Esq., jun.
esquisse* (Fr. f.), a sketch.
ess*, name of the letter s ;
pi. esses*.
ess., essences.
essays (typ.), cited titles
to be roman double-
quoted ; caps, as in title.
Essouan, use Assuan.
established, abbr. est.
Established Church
(caps.) ; abbr. E.G.
estamin*, a woollen fabric,
not et-.
estaminet* ( Fr.m.), a cafe.
estancija* (Sp.-Amer.), a
cattle farm ; -ero *, its
keeper.
Esterhazyde Qalantha,
Hungarian family.
esthet/e, -ic, use aes-*.
estimator*, not -er.
estiv/al, -ation, use aBS- *.
esto perpetua I (Lat.),
may it endure for ever!
estoppel* i,law), «o/-ple.
estrangement*, not
-gment.
esturgeon (Fr. m.), stur-
geon.
E.T., electric telegraph,
English translation.
Stage (Fr. m.), floor ; Sta-
gbre* (f.), a piece of
furniture.
et alibi (Lat.), and else-
where ; abbr. et at,
et alii (Lat.), and others;
abbr. et at., not et als.
Stat-major (Fr. m.), a
staff" of military officers.
E.T.C, Eastern Telegraph
Co.
ET CETERA — E V VIVA
et cetera* (not ital.), abbr,
etc., or See. ; (typ.) abbre-
viate in bookwork to
"etc."; no comma be-
tween "etc. etc." or "&c
&c.," a duplication to be
avoided.
etceteras*, extras, sun-
dries (one word).
6t6 (Fr. ),been,(m. ) summer.
eth, the Anglo-Saxon D, S
(distinguish from "thorn "
ether*, medium filling all
space, not ae-.
ethereal/*, -ity*, -ly*,
not -ial.
etherializ/e*, -ation*,
not -ise.
etherize*, to convert into
ether, not -ise.
ethnolog/y, -ical, abbr.
ethnol.
etiology, use 8B-*.
etiquette* (not ital.).
Etna, Sicily, not JE-.
Stolle (Fr. typ. f.), asterisk.
et sequenjs, and the fol-
lowing ; abbr. et seq.y
pi. teSf abbr. et sqq.
itude] (Fr. f.), a study ; —
de concert (mus.), study
of exceptional value.
6tui*, case for small articles,
not etwee (not ital.).
etuvSe (Fr. cook, f.), stew.
etymologize *, to trace the
etymology of, not -ise.
etyTQolog/y, -ical,
-ically, -ist ; abbr.
etym.
etymon*, a root- word.
E.U., Evangelical Union,
eucalypt/us* (bot), pi.
-i*.
euchre*, a card game, not
eucre.
Euclid (cap.)
eudemon/*, a good angel ;
-ize*, not eudae-.
Euer {Ger. m.', your ; abbr.
Ew.
Eugdne, French Christian
pame (d).
Eugenie (Empress),
widow of Napoleon III
(6).
eulogium/*, eulogy;//, -s.
eulogize*, not -ise.
eulogy (a, not an).
euphem/ism* (a, «o/an),
-istic*, -istical* ; abbr.
euphem.
euphemize*, Ko/-ise.
euphonize*, «o/-ise.
euphony (a, not an).
euphroe* (a, not an)
(naut.), a crowfoot, not
uphroe, uvrow.
euphuism *.
" Euphues " *, by Lyly.
euraquilo *, a N. E. Levant
wind, not euro-aquilo.
Eure-et-Loir, Fr. dep-,
not Loire.
Eureka *, I have found [it] !
not Heu- (not ital.).
Europe, abbr. Eur.
European (a, not an);
abbr. Eur.
europeanize*, not -ise.
evadable*, «o/-ible.
evangel*, not -ile.
Evangelical Union, abbr.
E.U.
evangelize*, «o/-ise.
evaporimeter*, not -om-
eter.
evaporize*, «o/ -ise.
Sv^nement (Fr. m.), event,
even pages (tj'p.), the left-
hand, or verso, pages,
those usually bearing the
even numbers, 2, 4, etc.
evens.caps. (typ.), s.caps.
without cap. initials.
every must be followed by
verb and pronoun in sing.,
as " every bird tn'es to
protect its young."
every/body*, -day* (one
word).
every one* (two words).
every^/thing *, -way *,
-where* (one word).
evoivable*, not -ible.
ewlva* (It), shout of
applause.
EWE — EX.
ewe/, -r (a, not an").
Ewigkeit{GcT.i.),et&rmiy.
ex* (Lat.), outof (notital.).
ex., examined, example,
exchange, excursion, exe-
cuted, executive,
exactor *, not -er.
exaggeration, in Fr. f.
exag^r-.
exalter*, not -or.
examined, abbr. ex.
examplar, use exem-*.
example, abbr. ex. ; in
Fr. m. exem pie.
ex animo * (Lat.), heartily,
exasperator*, not -er.
Exc., Excellency.
exc, excellent, except, -ed,
-tion, excudit (he, or she,
engraved it).
Excalibur *, Kin g Arthur's
sword, not -bar, -hour (not
ital.).
ex capite (Lat.), from
memory.
ex cathedra * (Lat.) {not
-a), with authority ; pron.
— ka-the'dra (O.E.D.)
(not ital.).
excavator*, not-er.
excellence/ *, superiority ;
pi. -s, not -cies.
Excellenc/y, pi. -ies (per-
sons), abbr. Exc.
excellent, abbr. exc.
except/, -ed, -ion, abbr.
exc. ; -er*, not -or.
excerpt/ *, an extract ; pi.
-a*,
exchange, abbr. ex., or
exch.; Stock— (caps.),
abbr. St. Ex.
exchangeable*, «o/ -gable,
exchequer, abbr. exch.
excisable*, «o/-eable.
excise *, not -ize.
excitability*, not -ibility.
exciter*, one who ex-
cites, a stimulant,
exciter * nerve, not -er.
exclamat/ion, -ory, abbr.
excl., or exclam.
exclamation point (!), see
punctuation, XVII.
ex] COmmodo (Lat.), con-
veniently ; — concesso,
from what has been
granted.
ex coupon, without cou-
pon ; abbr. x.cp.
excreta*, excreted matters
(not ital.).
excudit (Lat.), he, or she,
engraved it ; abbr. exc.
ex curia(L&t.), out of court,
not -a.
excursion, abbr. ex.
excursus/*, a digression ;
pi. -es* (not ital.).
ex dividend *, without
next dividend ; abbr. ex
div.*, orx.d.*
exeat*, let him leave, pi.
-s; exeant*, let them
leave (not ital.) {see also
exit, exeunt).
execut/ed, -ive, abbr. ex.
execut/er*, one who ex-
ecutes; -or* (law), abbr.
exor. ; few. -rix*, abbr.
exrx., pi. -rices*.
exeges/is*, explanation ;
pi. -es (not ital.).
exemptaire (Fr. m.), a
specimen, a copy ; in Ger.
n. Exemplar,
exemplar*, «o/exa-.
exemple (Fr. m.), example.
exempli gratia (Lat.), for
example ; abbr. e.g., or
ex. gr. (I.e., not ital.,
comma before). ** For ex-
ample " better than e.g.
exemplum (Lat.), a copy.
exequatur*, an oflBcial
permission (not ital.).
exequies*, funeral cere-
mony (not ital.).
exercise*, not -ize.
Exeter, in Lat. Exonia,
abbr. Exon.
exeunt omnes* (Lat.),
they all leave, not exeant
— {see also exeat, exit),
ex facie* (Lat.) (Sc law),
according to document.
ex. gr., see exempli
gratia.
13 8
EXHIBITOR — EXTRACTOR
exhibitor*, noi -er.
exigeant/*,>w. -e*, exact-
ing (no accent),
exigency *.
exigent*, urgent.
ex interest *, without next
interest ; abbr. ex int.*,
orx.i.*
existence*, not -ance.
exist/ible*, -ibility*, noi
-able,
exit/*,/*/, -s.
exIt*{Lsit.),he, or she, goes
out; pi. exeunt (ital.)
{see also exeat, exeuttf) .
ex lege (Lat.), arising from
law.
ex-libris* (s. and pi.), a
book-plate (not ital.).
ex necessitate (Lat.),
necessarily.
ex new *, without the right
to new shares ; abbr. ex
n.*, orx.n.*
exodi/um*. conclusion of
a play; pi. -a* {see also
exord-).
Exodus, abbr. Exod.
ex ofiScio* (Lat.), oflBcially
(no hyphen, except as
adj.).
exon*, officer, yeoman of
the guard.
Exon., signature of Bp. of
Exeter (full point).
exor., executor,
exorcize*, not -ise.
exordium/ *, the begin-
ning ; pi. -S* {see also
exod-).
exp., export, -ation, -ed,
express.
expanded type (typ.), a
type of unusually wide
face, as .A^BCr).
ex parte* (Lat.), one-sided
(no hy phen,except as adj. ).
expectable*, uol -ible.
expecter*, not -or.
ex pede Herculem (Lat.),
judge from the sample.
expense*, not -ce.
experimentalize*, not
-ise.
experimenter*, not -or.
experimentjum (Lat), an
experiment, pi. -a ; ex-
perimentum crucis, a
crucial test.
experto crede ! (Lat.), be-
lieve one who has tried it !
explanation*, abbr. expl.
exploiter*, not -or.
explorator*, not -er.
export/, -ation, -ed, abbr.
exp.
expos6*, explanation, ex-
posure (not ital.).
expositor*, not-er.
ex post facto* (Lat.), after
the fact.
expostulator*, not -er.
Ex- President (caps.).
express, abbr. exp.
expresser*, not -or.
expressible *, not -able.
expressivo (mus.), with
expression, use es-*.
exj pro fesso {Lat.), by pro-
fession ; —proprio motu
(Lat.), of his own accord.
exrx., executrix.
exsiccataB (hot.), dried
plants, not -ti.
ext., external, -ly, extinct,
extra, extract.
extasy,extatic, use ecs-*.
extempore* (not ital.).
ex tempore (Lat.), at the
time.
extemporize*, not -ise.
extender*, not -or.
extendible*, not -able.
extensor*, a muscle, «o^-er.
external/, -ly, abbr. ext.
externalize*, not -ise.
externat* (Fr. m.), a day
school.
extinct, abbr. ext.
extincteur*, a fire ex-
tinguisher (not ital.).
extirpator*, not-er.
extol/*, -led*, -ler*, -ling*.
extorter*, not -or.
extortioner*, not -or.
extra, extract, abbr. ext.
extractable *, not -ible.
extractor*, not -er.
114
EXTRACTS — EZRA
extracts, see authorities,
quotations.
extramural* (one word).
extravaganza* (notital.).
ex usu (Lat.), by use.
exuviae*, cast^overings of
animals.
ex-voto*, an offering made
in pursuance of a vow.
Bxzellenz (Ger. f.), Excel-
lency; abbr. Exz., not
Exc-.
Eyck (Van), family of
Flemish painters.
eye/ball, -brow*, -ful*,
not -full; -glass (one
word).
eyeing*, not eying.
eye/lash, -lid*, -piece*
(optics) (one word).
eyerie, use aerie*.
eye/sight*, -sore*, -wit-
ness* (one word).
eyot*, not ait.
eyrie, eyry, use aerie*.
Ezekiel, abbr. Ezek.
Ezra, not to be abbrevi-
ated.
»»5
8*
B NOTES
ii6
E JSOTES
H7
p. — FAKIR
P., Fahrenheit, Father (R.C.
priest), (Univ.) Fellow,
felon, (naut.) fog, formula,
-ae, Friday, the sixth in
a series, all proper names
with this initial except^
P, fluorine, (math.) func-
tion, (pencils) fine.
f., farthing, fathom, feet,
feminine, following, foot,
franc, furlong, {G&t.) fol-
gende Seite (next page),
fiir {{or).
t* {vans.), forte (loud).
P. A., Football Association.
f.a.a.*, free of all average.
fabliau/*, a metrical tale ;
pi. -X*. •
fac.*, facsimile.
fa9ade* (not ital.).
face* (typ.), the printing
surface of type, etc.
facet/*, -ed*, -ing*, not-tt-.
facetiflB*, humorous anec-
dotes (not ital.).
facia*, shop-front tablet
(not ital.).
fades* (nat. hist.), general
aspect (ital.).
facile princeps (Lat.),
easily best.
facWs descensus Averni
(not Averno), easy is the
descent to Avernus.
facine, m5^ fascine*.
Facit {Ger. arith. n.), pro-
duct, result.
fa^n de parler (Fr. f.),
manner of speaking.
facsimile* (one word, not
ital.) ; pi. -8*, abbr. fac*
facta, non verba (Lat.),
deeds, not words.
factotum* (not ital.).
factum est (Lat), it is
done.
facul/a*, bright solar spot ;
pi. -89 *, not fse-.
ii8
f»c/es*, -al*, not fe-.
faecul/a*, sediment ; pi.
-39*, not fe-.
** Faerie Queene," by
Spenser, 1590-6.
Paeroe Isles, use Faroe.
fxx populi (Lat.), dregs of
the people.
fag-end* (hyphen).
faggot*, not fagot.
Fahrenheit*, temperature
scale ; abbr. P.*, orPahr.
faience*, glazed pottery,
not fai-, fay-.
faineant*, idle, \dler (not
ital.).
faint* ruled (paper), not
fe-.
fair copy (typ.), tran-
script free from cor-
rections ; abbr. f. CO.
fairel des frais (Fr.), to
make efforts to please ;
— ses frais, to cover
expenses ; — ecole, to
found a school of art, etc. ;
— une Scole, to make a
blunder; — feu, to fire
guns, etc. ; — du feu, to
light a fire ; — son pa-
quet, to pack up and go ;
— un paquet, to make
a parcel ; — suivre, to
be forwarded, abbr. F.S.
fair play* (two words),
fairway*, not fare- (one
word).
faisan (Fr. m.), pheasant.
fait accompli '^un) (Fr. m.),
a thing done.
faithful/*, -ly*.
Faithfull (EmUy), 1835-
95, writer.
Faizabad, Oudh, not Fyz-.
Fakenham, Norfolk, also
Sufi"olk.
fakir*, not -keer, -kier,
•queer, -quir (not ital.).
FALDERAIi — FAUBOURO-
falderal*, song refrain; not
fal de rol, folderol.
faldetta*, Maltese hooded
cape.
faldstool*, not fold- (one
word).
Falk Laws, Germany,
fal-lal*, finery, «o/ fallol.
fallible*, «o/-able.
falsa lectio (Lat.), a false
reading; abbr. f,l.
falucea, use felucca*,
falutln, use highfalutin*
(one word).
F.A.M., Free and Accepted
Masons.
fam., familiar, family,
familiarize*, not -ise.
family, abbr. fam. ; (hot.,
zool.) to have cap., not
' ital.
fanaticize*, to infuriate, «o/
-ise.
fandango* (Sp.), a dance
or its music (not ital.).
fanfare* (mus.), a flourish,
fanfaronade*, brag, not
-nnade, -farronade.
fantaisies (Fr. typ. f.),
fancy types.
fantasia* (mus.), a fancy
composition (not ital.).
fantast *, a dreamer, «o/ph-.
fantasy*, not ph-.
fantoccini* (It.), marion-
ettes.
fantom, use ph-*.
faqu/eer, -ir, use fakir*,
far., farad, -aic, farriery,
farthing.
farad/* (elec), unit of
capacity ; symbol ^ ;
-aic*, not -ic ; abbr. far.
Faraday (Michael),
1791-1867, chemist,
faradization*, application
ofmed. elec; Ko/faradais-.
farce (Fr. f.), force-meat.
farceufr * (Fr.), /em. -se,
a joker.
fareway, use fair-*,
farewell* (one word).
far-fetched* (hyphen).
farinaceous*, «o^-ious.
Faringdon, Berks (see also
Farr-).
farm-house* (hyphen).
Fame Islands, N. Sea,
not Fam, Fearne, Feme.
far niente (It.), doing
nothing.
Faroe Isles, /tot Fae-.
Farquhar, pron. fark'wer.
farrago*, wo/fara-.
Farrar (F. "W., Dean),
1831-1903, writer; — (Sir
G. H.), 1859- {see also
Fay-).
Farrer (Baron), 1859- ;
— (Sir W. J.), 1 822-.
farriery, abbr. far.
Farringdon, Hants {see
also Fari-).
farth/er*, -est*, comp. and
super!, of far: further
means in addition to, and
is used when the notion
of far, or distance in space,
is altogether absent.
farthing*, abbr. f., or far.
fasces* {pi.), a bundle of
rods (ital.).
fasci/a* (arch.); pi. -ae*
(not ital.).
fascicle*, also fascicule*,
part of a book or volume.
fascicuijus* (Lat.), a
bundle; pi. -/* (ital.),
abbr. fasc,
fascine*, a bundle, not fa-
cine (not ital.).
F.A.S.E., Fellow of the
Antiquarian Society, Ed-
inburgh.
Fastens/ -een *, -eve *,
- -even* (Sc), Shrove
Tuesday, not Feastings-.
fata Morgana*, mirage
(ital.).
fat face type, one with
tblck stems and fine hair-
lines, as this.
Father (R.C.), abbr. F.*
fathom, abbr. f., or fm.
fatigable*, «o/ -guable.
faubourg* (Fr. m.), a
suburb, cap. F when with
name (not ital.).
"9
PAUCIT — FELUCCA
Faucit (Helen), Lady
Martin, 1820-98, actress.
Faulkland, in ' ' The
Rivals," by Sheridan.
fault-finding* (hyphen).
faun/* (myth.), pi. -s (5^^
also fawn).
fauna/*, pi. -a* (not ital.).
tausse tortue (Fr. f.),
mock-turtle.
faute de mieux (Fr.),
for want of better.
fauteuil/*, arm-chair; pi.
-S (not ital.).
fauxj(Fr. m.), aforgery ; (f.)
a scythe ; — jour (astr.),
false light; — pas* (Fr.
m.), a blunder (two
words).
Fawkes (Guy), 1570-
1606, conspirator.
fawn*, a colour (see also
faun).
fayence, use faience*.
Fayrer (Sir Joseph),
1 824-, physician {see also
Farr-).
F.B., Fenian Brotherhood,
Free Baptist; F.B.A.,
Fellow of the British
Academy, not F.R.B.A.;
F.B.S., Fellow of the
Botanical Society ;
F.B.S.E., Fellow of the
Botanical Society, Edin.
F.C., Football Club, Free
Church (of Scotland) ;
f.C.j fidei-contniissum (be- '
queathed in trust) ;F.C. A.,
Fellow of the Chartered
Accountants (off. descrip-
tion) ; F.C.C., First Class
Certificate; F.C.O., use
F.R.C.O.; fco., franco
(free) ; f. CO., fair copy ;
F.C.P., Fellow of the
College of Preceptors ;
fcp., foolscap; F.C.S.,
Fellow of the Chemical
Society.
F.D., Jidei defensor (De-
fender of the Faith).
"Fetferrum (iron).
FeameIsles,«s^Fame — .
fearnought*, a woollen
cloth, not -naught,
feasible *, not -able.
Feastings-,5^.pF astens-*.
featherfew, use fever-*.
February*, abbr. Feb.
fecal, feces, use fsB-*.
fecerunt (Lat.), they made
it ; abbr. £F.
fecial, use fetial*.
fecit (Lat.), he, or she, made
it ; abbr. fee,
feciila, sediment, use f89-*.
federal associations, see
Assemblies.
Federalist*, abbr. Fed.*
federalize*, not -ise.
Feejeean, use Fijian,
feeoff/, -ee, use feo- *.
feet, use only for two feet
and over, not for one and
a half foot, etc. ; abbr. f.,
or ft., sign '.
feff/, -ment, use feoff*.
Fehmgericht, use V-.
Feilding,fam. name of Earl
of Denbigh {see also Fie-),
feint *, to pretend.
feint ruled, use faa- * — .
F.E.I.S., Fellow of the
Educational Institute of
Scotland.
felds/par*, -pathic*, not
fels-.
feliclter (Lat.), happily,
fellah/*, Egyptian peasant ;
pi. -een*, not -s, -in {see
also Fiilahs).
fellmonger*, hide-dealer,
felloe*, wheel rim, «o/ felly.
Fellow* (Univ.), abbr.
F.*; in Lat. socius*; or,
in the Royal Society,
sodalis*.
fellow-citizen* (hyphen).
feUjy, use -oe*.
felo-de-se* (Ang.-Lat.),
suicide ; pi. felos-de-se.
felon, abbr. F.
Fels-naptha, not naph-.
fels/par, -pathic, use
felds-*.
felucca*, a vessel, not fa-,
fi-, -lucca, -louk.
PEM. — FEZ
fern., feminine.
female (hot., zool.), sign ?.
feme/* (law), wife, not
femme ; -^ covert*, mar-
ried woman (no hyphen) ;
— -sole '
unmarried
woman (hyphen) {see also
feinm.e).
Femgericht, use Vehm-.
feminine, abbr. f., orfem.
feminize *, to make femin-
ine, not -ise.
femmel de chatnbre*
(Fr. f.), chambermaid, pi,
femmes ; — ga-
lante, a prostitute ; —
incomprlse, an unap-
preciated woman ; —
savante, learned — (see
also feme).
fem/ur*, thigh bone, pi.
-ora* (not ital.) ; -oral.
fencible*, not -able'.
fencing *, abbr. fenc.
fendable*, not -ible.
fendju (Fr.),/em. -i/e, cut
open.
F6nelon (P. de S. de la
M.), 1651-1715, writer,
not F^nelon.
fenestrja* (Lat.), a small
hole ; pi. -«*.
fenugreek*, a plant, not
foenu-.
feoff/*, -ee*, «o/feeo-, feff.
feoffor* (law), not -er.
feras natures (law), wild
animals.
Ferd., Ferdinand.
Ferdausi, Persian poet,
use Fir-.
fer-de-lance*, viper.
feridgi* (Turk.), woman's
cloak, not -ijah.
fermentescible *, «o^-isc-.
Fernando Noronha,
Brazil.
Ferne Islands, use
Fame — .
Ferrara( Andrea), sword-
smith, 1 6th cent.
Ferrari (Paolo), 1822-89,
It. dramatist.
ferret/*, -ed*. -er *, -ing*.
ferrule*, not ferrel, ferule.
ferrum (iron), symbol Fe.
fertilize*, not -ise.
fervour*, not -or.
F.E.S., Fellow of the
Entomological Society.
fesse* (her.), not fess.
testa* (It.), a festival.
festina lente (Lat.),
hasten slowly.
fet/e*, entertainment, -ed*
(not ital.); fSte-cham-
petre*, outdoor entertain-
ment ; Pete-Dieu, feast
of Corpus Christi, pi.
F&tes (ital., hyphen).
m\6 (Fr.), fern, -ie, well
entertained (ital.).
fetial*, ambassadorial, not
fee-.
fetid*, «o/foe-.
fetish/*, not -ich, -iche ;
-eer*, -ism*, -ist* (not
ital.).
fetor*, bad smell, notice-.
fetus, use foe-*.
feu/* (Scot.), ground rent,
pron. few ; pi. -S.
feuj (Fr.), late, deceased;
/em. e.
feud., feudal.
feudalize *, to make feudal.
feu I d' artifice ^Fr.m.), fire-
work, pi. feux — ; — de
Jole*, a salute, pi. feux
*^
feu- duty* (hyphen).
feuille (Fr. typ. f.), a sheet.
Feuillet (Octave), 1821-
90, Fr. writer.
feulHetl (Fr.typ. m.), a leaf;
— blanc, blank leaf.
feuIUetage (Fr. cook, m.),
puff-pastry.
feuilleton* (Fr. m.), light
literature ; in Fr. a con-
tinuous story printed at
the bottom of a newspaper
page (not ital.).
feverfew* (hot.), pyreth-
rum, not feather-, fetter-
foe.
fez/*, a cap; pi. -es (not
ital.).
P.F. — FIGURES
F.F., Felictssiffti Fratres
(Most Fortunate Broth-
ers), (naut.) thick fog.
F.f.iGcv.). Fortsetzungfolgt
(to be continued).
fF., feccrunt (they made it),
(Ger.) folgende Seiten (fol-
lowing pages), following
(preferred to et seq.).
ff (typ.), as initials for proper
name, not Yi {seeSoYkeo).
ff* (mus.), fortissimo (very
loud).
F.F.A., Fellow of the
Faculty of Actuaries.
fff* (raus.), fortissimo (as
loud as possible).
ffolkes (Sir W. H. B.)
(l.c.#).
F.F.P.S., Fellow of the
Faculty of Physicians and
Surgeons; F.F.P.S.G.,
ditto, Glasgow.
F.Q., Foot-guards, (leather)
fine grain, (paper) fric-
tion glazed ; f.g.a.*, free
of general average ;
F.G.O., Fellow of the
Guild of Organists ;
F.G.S., Fellow of the
Geological Society.
f.i., for instance.
F.I.A., Fellow of the
Institute of Actuaries.
fiacre* (Fr. m.), a four-
wheeled cab.
fianc/6*, fern. -§e*, one
betrothed (not ital.).
fiasco/*, a failure ; pi. -S.
fibre*, not -er.
fibrill/a*, a small fibre ; pi.
-8B* (not ital.).
fibrin*, «o^-ine.
F.I.C., Fellow of the In-
stitute of Chemistry.
fichu*, shoulder cape.
fict,,fctilis (made of pot-
tery).
fiction, abbr. fict.
F.I.D., Field Intelligence
Department.
fidalgo* (Port.), a noble.
fiddlededee ! * nonsense !
(one word).
fidei-commissum* (Lat.),
bequeathed in trust ; fidei
defensor^ Defender of
the Faith, abbr. F.D., or
fid. def.
fidget/*, -ed*, -Uy*,
-ing*, -y* (one t only).
// done! (Fr.) for shame!
fidus Achates (Lat.), a
trusty friend.
fie-fie*, improper, not fi-fi.
Fielding (Henry), 1707-
54, novelist {seealso'Fei-).
Field-Marshal (hyphen,
caps.) ; abbr. F.M.
Field Oflacer (no hy-
phen) ; abbr. F.O.
Fiennes, pron. fynz.
fieri- facias*, a writ ; abbr.
//. fa. *
fift/y, -ieth, symbol L.
fig., figurative, -ly, figure.
.Figuier (L.), 1819-94,
writer.
figurant]*, an actor, fern.
-e*; m.andf.^/.-i*, not-es.
figures, to be used for :
— ages, but "he died
in his eightieth year" ;
bookwork, rarely, and
only those over 100 ;
dates; degrees, of heat;
distances ; dollars,
omit the ciphers for cents
when there are none, as
f 100, not $100 . 00 ;
measures; money, omit
ciphers for shillings and
pence, when there are
none, as ;^5o, ttot £50.
OS. od. ; narrow mea-
sure (works of) ; num-
bers with vulgar or deci-
mal fractions ; races, dis-
tance and time ; scores,
of games and matches;
specific gravity; sta-
tistics; time of day
when followed by a.m. or
p.m. ; votes; weights;
not to be combined with
words, for one amount :
use all figures, or spell all
out ; commas to separate
PiaURES ~ FINNISH
each three consecutive
figures from the right
when five or more, except
in math, work ; number of
a house in road or street,
etc., not to be followed by
comma as " it does not
make the meaning clear-
er." One-and-twenty,
etc. (hyphens).
figures, spell out for:—
accuracy — when im-
portant ; book - work
generally, always under
loo ; beginning of
sentences; degrees of
inclination ; indefinite
amounts, as two or three
miles; legal work, al-
ways; street names (nu-
merical), as First Street,
Fifth Avenue (see also
fractions).
figures/ (arable), i, a, 3,
etc. ; — and plates, re-
ferences to be <* Plate II,
fig. 4" ; caps, on the plate
to be s.caps. in the text ;
— (dotted), i, 2, 3, may
indicate repeating deci-
mals; — (roman nu-
merals), i, ii, iii, etc., to
be used for folios of pre-
liminary matter (no point
after), not to be used for
date on title page ; —
(scratched), % % etc.,
indicate figures cancelled,
but which are to be
printed {see also author-
ities, lac, numerals).
P.I.Inst., Fellow of the
Imperial Institute.
P.I. J., use P.J.I.
Piji/, -an, not Feejee, -an,
Viji.
Fildes (Sir Luke^ 1844-,
painter.
filemot*, a yellowish-
brown,«o/filamort, filmot.
filet (Fr. cook, m.), fillet.
filibeg* (Sc), not filli-,
fily-, phila-, phili-, philli-.
filibuster*, not fiUi-.
filigree/*, not fila-, filla-,
filli- ; — letter (typ.), an
initial with filigree back-
ground.
Pilipinas, Sp. for Philip-
pine Islands.
fille del chambre{Fr. f.),
chambermaid, pi. fllles
; Joie, a prosti-
tute.
fillet/*, in Fr. m. filet;
-ed*, -ing*.
fillibeg, usemu*.
fillip*, a stimulus.
fillipeen, game of forfeits,
use Philippine *.
filmot, use filemot*.
filoselle*, floss silk (not
ital.).
fils (Fr. m.), son, as Dumas
fils (not ital.).
filucca, use felucca*.
Pin., Finland, Finnish.
finable*, liable to a fine.
finale*, conclusion (not
ital.).
P. Inc. S. T., Fellow of the
Incorporated Society of
Shorthand Teachers.
findon-haddock, use fin-
nan *.
fine-paper edition, abbr.
P.P.
finesse* (not ital.).
fingan * (Turk.), cofiee-cup,
not -Jan.
finger-end*, pi. finger-
ends* (hyphen, noapos.).
finicking*, fastidious, not
finikin.
finis*, the end (not ital.);
(typ.) use of this on the last
page dying out; if used,
separate by blank lines,
and set in even s.caps.
Pinistdre, dep. France
(accent, one r).
Pinisterre (Cape), Spain
(no accent, two r's).
finnan-haddock*, not iha
many variations.
Pinnish/, abbr. Pin. ; —
language (typ,), is set in
ordinary roman characters
133
FIN. SEC. — FLESHER
Fin. Sec, Financial Secre-
tary.
fiord* (Norw.), arm of the
sea, not fj- (not ital.).
F.I.P.S., Fellow of the
Incorporated Phono-
graphic Society.
fir., firkin, -s.
Firdausi, 93o(?)-io2o,
Persian poet, not Ferdausi,
Firdousi, Firdusi.
fire/-arrQs *, — escape *,
— -fly*, place*, —
-plug* (abbr. F.P.), —
-proof* (hyphens).
fireside* (one word).
firkin/, -s, abbr. fir.
firman*, an edict.
fim* (Alps), former years'
snow (ital.).
first-bom* (hyphen).
firstfruit/, -s (one word).
first proof (typ.), the first
impression taken, and
corrected by the "copy."
firth*, an estuary, not fri-.
fist* (typ.), the ^r.
fisticufl's*, not fisty-.
fistula* (not ital.).
fitchew*, a polecat.
fivefold* (one word).
FitzGerald (Edward),
1809-83, poet and trans-
lator (one word), cap G.
fixed star, sign ik or ^k-
fizgig*, not fis-, fizz-.
fizz*, a sound, notRz.
fjeld* (Norw.), mountain
(not ital.).
F.J.I., Fellow of the Insti-
tute of Journahsts, not
F.I.J.
fjord, use fiord*.
F.K.Q.C.P.I., Fellow of
the King's and Queen's
College of Physicians,
Ireland, now F.B.C.P.I.
Fl., Flanders, Flemish.
fl., florin, fluid, (Aus.)
Gulden.
fl., flores (flowers), floruit
(flourished).
f.l,, falsa lectio (a false read-
ing)-
Fla., Florida (off. abbr.).
flabbergast*, not flaba-,
flaber-.
fJabeHjum* (Lat.), a fan ;
pi. -a*.
flacon*, a small bottle.
flagell/um*(zool.), a whip-
like appendage ; pi. -a*.
flageolet* (mus.), «o/-elet
(not ital.).
flageolet* (Fr. m.), a kid-
ney-bean (ital.).
flagon*, large wine bottle.
flagraatej bello (Lat.),
during hostilities ; — de-
licto, during the crime.
flag/ship*, -staff"* (one
word).
flair*, a ray fish (not ital.).
f/air* (Fr. m.), scent (ital.).
flambeau/*, a torch ; ^/.-x
(not ital.).
flamboyant* (not ital.).
flamingo/, pi. -s.
flan (Fr. cook, m.), custard.
flanconade* (fenc), not
-nnade.
Flanders, abbr. Fl.
fJanejrie* (Fr. f.), lounging ;
-ur *, /em . -use, an idler.
flannelette*, «o/-ellette.
flannelled*, «o/-eled.
flut-cap*, writing paper
17x14 in.
flat/ impression* or —
pull* (typ.), a simple
proof without over- or
underlaying.
flatus/*, pi. -es* (not ital.).
Flaubert (Gustave),
1821-80, Fr. writer.
flautist*, a flute-player,
not flu-.
flavour*, 6«/flavorous*.
flawy*, with flaws, not-ey.
fleche* (Fr. f.), an arrow,
a slender spire.
flection, uie flexion*.
fledgeling*, not -gling.
fleet (the) Itas, not have.
Flemish, abbr. Fl. ; (typ.)
resembles Dutch, but y
often used for ij.
flesher* (Sc), a butcher.
124
FLEUR — POIiDEROL
fleur-de-lis*, heraldic lily,
not lys, nor flower-
de-luce ; pi. fleurs-de-
lis (not ital.).
tieurei* (Fr. m.), a fencing-
foil.
fleuron* (Fr. typ. m.), a
tail-piece.
flexible*, not -able.
flexion*, «o^-ction.
flibbertigibbet*, a chat-
terer.
** Fliegende Hollander
(Der)*' (The Flying
Dutchman), opera by
Wagner, 1843.
FUegenkopfe (Ger. typ.
m:), turned letters.
flier, use flyer*.
floatage*, «o/flot-.
floatation, use flot- *.
flocculjus* (Lat.), a small
tuft ; pi. -/*.
Floirac, a claret.
flong* (typ.), paper for
stereo-moulding.
Flood (the) (cap.).
f lor., floruit (flourished).
flora/* (bot.), pi. -s (not
ital.).
f tores (Lat.), flowers ; abbr.
fl.
floriat/e*, -ed*, florally
decorated, not -eate.
Florida, offic. abbr. Fla.
florin, abbr. fl.
floruit* (Lat.), flourished ;
abbr. fI.,orflor.
flotation*, not float-.
flotsam and jetsam*
(naut.), not float-.
flourished, abbr. fl.
F.Ij.S., Fellow of the Lin-
nean Society (off", spell-
ing), not Linnae-.
fluent (math, typ.), the sign
of integration y.
Fliigel (J. a.), 1788 -1855,
lexicographer.
flugelman, use fugle-*.
fluid, abbr. fl.
fluidus (Lat.), liquid.
fluky*, not -ey.
flummox*, to confound,
not -ix, -ux.
flunkey/ *, not -ky ; pi. -s.
fluorine*, «o/ -in ; symbol
F*.
fluoroscope, X ray
screen.
Flustr/a*, a seaweed ; pi.
-8B* (not ital.).
flutist, use flautist*.
fluty*, flute-like, not -ey.
fluxions* (math.), not
-ctions.
fly*,/)/, flies*.
flyer *, not flier.
fly/-leaf*(typ.),ablank leaf
at the beginning or end of
a book, also blank leaf of
a circular ; — -sheet*, a
two- or four-page tract;
title*, the half-title in
front of the full title, or
the one dividing sections
of a work (hyphens).
fly-wheel* (hyphen).
F.M., Field-Marshal, For-
eign Mission.
fm., fathom.
F.M.D., foot - and - mouth
disease.
F.O., Field Officer, Foreign
Office, (mus.) full organ.
fo., folio.
f.o.b.*, free on board.
focalize*, not -ise.
fo'c'sle*, a/50 forecastle*.
foc/us*, pi. -i.
focus/ed*, -es*, -ing*, not
-USS-.
foenugreek, usefe-*.
foetid, use fe- *.
foetor, use fe- *.
foet/us*, -al*, -ation*,
-icide*, not fe-.
fog (naut.), abbr. F.* ;
thick — , abbr. F.F.*
foggy*, misty,
fog/y*, one with antiquated
notions, not -ey, -ie ;
pi. -ies.
Fbbn*, Alpine south wind.
foie (Fr. m.), liver,
fol., following.
folderol, use falderal*.
"5
FOLDSTOOL — FOOT-NOTES
foldstool, use fald-*.
folgeadej Ger.),thefollow-
ing ; — Seite, next page ;
abbr. f., pi. S.
foliaceous*, leaf- like, not
-ious.
folio, a book, etc., composed
of sheets folded but once,
and so having two leaves
to the sheet ; a sheet of
paper folded in two leaves
only ; number of a page
at top or bottom (for
prefatory matter to be in
roman numerals) ; 72
words in English parlia-
mentary procedure and
English law, 100 words in
America by U.S.A. Act;
abbr. fo.
folio (untrimmed leaf)—
atlas — , 26x 17 in.
crown or post — , 15 x
10
demy—, 17V2X11V4
elephant — , 23 x 14
foolscap — , 13V2 X 8Va
imperial — , 22 x 15
medium — , 18 x 11V2
royal — , 20 x 12^2
folio verso, on the back
of the leaf ; abbr. f.v.
folljum* (Lat.), a leaf; pi.
-a.
Folketing, lower house
of Danish Parliament or
Rigsdag ; noi -thing.
folk-lore* (hyphen).
folklor/ism*, -ist*, -istic*
(no hyphen).
follicle*, not -cule.
following, abbr. f., or fol.
fonda* (Sp.), an inn.
fondant*, a sweetmeat (not
ital.).
fondue* (Fr. cook, f.),
melted cheese, eggs, etc.,
not fondu (ital.).
tons et OiigO (Lat.), source
and origin ; pron. — —
6-ri'go.
font* (Amer. typ.), Eng.
fount*.
Fontainebleau, dep.
Seine-et-Marne.
fonte (Fr. typ. f.), fount.
food-Stuff* (hyphen).
foolscap (paper) —
folio, isVjxBVain.
octavo, 674X4V4
quarto, 8V2 x 6^/4
writing paper, 17 x
13V2
abbr. cap., or fcp.
foos*(bot.),thehousc-leek,
not fews, foose, fooz,
fouse.
foot, pi. feet, one and a
half foot, etc., not feet
until two are reached ;
abbr. f., or ft., sign '.
foot-and-mouthdisease*
(hyphens), abbr.F.M.D.
football* (one word).
Foot-guards* (in order of
precedence), the Grena-
dier, Coldstream, Scots,
and Irish Guards (hy-
phen) ; abbr. F.G.
foothold* (one word).
foothook (naut.), use fut-
tock*.
footlights* (one word).
foot-line* (typ.), the bot-
tom line of a page, always
blank, except for "signa-
ture" of sheet, etc.
foot-notes*, in MS. should
be written immediately
after the word to which
they refer, and not at the
bottom of the MS. page ;
each to make a paragraph;
all references to be by
superior figures outside
the final point, or quotes.
In math, works, where
figures might mislead,
use *, t, etc. A white
line, or rule, should separ-
ate foot-notes from the
text {see also authorities,
reference marks).
126
FOOT-POUND — PORTITER
foot-pound*, abbr. f.p.
for., foreign.
f.O.r., free on rail.
foram I en* (LaL), an orifice;
pi. -Ina*.
forasmuch* (one word),
foray*, «o/forray.
forbade*, mo/ -bad.
forbear *, an ancestor, noi
fore-.
for/bear*, -bore*, -borne*.
force majeure (Fr. f.),
circumstances beyond
one's control.
force-meat*, not forced-
(hyphen).
forceps*, pi. same,
forcible*, not -cable,
forcite*, a dynamite, not
' -site.
forearm * (one word),
forecast *.
forecastle*, a/so fo*c*sle*.
fore-edge*, the edge of
a book opposite the bind-
ing {see also margins),
fore-end*, not forend.
Forefathers* Day *
(U.S.A.), 21 December,
forefinger* (one word).
foregather, use forg- *.
forego *, to go before ;
' forgo*, to abstain from,
relinquish, etc.
forehead*,
foreign, abbr. for.
Foreign/ Mission, abbr.
F.M:. ; — Office (caps.),
abbr. F.O.
forejudge*, to judge be-
forehand ; forjudge*
(law), to exclude,
forel*, a covering, not
forr-.
fore-run* (hyphen), but
forerunner*,
fore/said*, -see *, -short-
en*, -sight*, -stall*,
-warn*, not for- (one
word).
foret (Fr. m.), a gimlet.
forH (Fr. f.), a forest,
foretell*, not fort-, fortel.
for ever* (two words).
forfend*, not fore-.
forgather *, not fore-.
forget-me-not* (botany).
forgettable*, «o/-etable.
forgivable*, mo/ -cable.
forgo*, to abstain from, re-
linquish, etc.; forego*, to
go before.
for instance, abbr. f.i.
forjudge* (law), to ex-
clude ; forejudge*, to
judge beforehand.
forma pauperis (ia)
(Lat.), as a pauper.
format*, the shape and
size of a book, as thin
quarto, thick octavo, etc.
(not ital.).
form*, a body of type
secured in the frame called
a chase, not forme.
former *, correlative of
latter.
formul/a*, pi. -»* (not
ital.) ; abbr. F.
formularize*, to formu-
late, not -ise.
foment* (Sc), facing, noi
-nst.
forray, use foray*.
forsaid, use fore- *.
" Fors Clavigera," by
Ruskin.
forspeak*, not fore-.
forspend*, not fore-.
Forster (John), 1812-76,
biographer {see also
Foster).
forsw/ear*, -ore*, -om*.
Fort, cap. F when with
name, as Fort South-
wick, Tilbury Fort ; abbr.
Ft.
fort., fortification, fortified.
fortej* (mus.), strong and
loud, abbr./*; —-piano*
loud, then immediately
soft, abbr. 4>; — -pos-
sibiie, as loud as possible,
fortell, use fore- *.
fortissimo*, very loud ;
abbr. //* or fff* (ital.).
fortiter in re (Lat.), un-
yielding in action.
127
FORTSETZUNG — FRANCO
Fortsetzung] folgt (Ger.),
to be continued, abbr.F./. ;
— uttd Scbluss folgen
(Ger.), to be continued
and concluded, abbr.
F.u.S.t
Port "William, Inverness
(two words).
forzando* {It. mus.), forced;
abbr. sfz.
fossja* (Lat), a cavity; pi.
!*, a ditch, ftot foss.
fossilize*, not -ise,
Foster (Birket), 1825-99,
painter; — (John), 1770-
1843, essayist ; — (Sir
Michael) , 1 836 -, physiol-
ogist {see also Forster).
Foucault (J.B.Ii.), 1819-
68, Fr. physicist.
Foulahs, use Fulahs.
foulard *, a fabric (not ital.).
foully*.
foul proof* (typ.), one
marked with many errors.
foundry*, not -cry.
fount* (typ,), a complete
set of type of one par-
ticular face and size ; in
Amer. font* ; in Fr. f.
fonte,
fourfold* (one word).
Fourth of July, U.S.A.
(caps.).
Fox (C. J.), 1 749-1 806,
politician ; — (George),
1624-91, Quaker.
Foxe (John), 1516-87,
martyrologist.
foxed * paper, stained
yellowish-brown,
foxhound (one word).
foyer *, theatre lounge (not
ital.).
F.P., Fine Paper (the best
edition of a work) ; fire-
plug.
f.p. (mech.), foot-poun^.
fp {m\xs.), forte-piano.
f.p.a., free of particular
average.
F.R., Forum Romanunt
(the Roman Forum),
Fr., France, French, Friar,
Friday, and proper names
thus beginning ; (Ger.)
Frau (Mrs., wife) ; (It)
Fratelli (Brothers).
fr., franc, from ; (Ger.)
fret (free).
fracas* (not ital.).
fractionize*, «o^-ise.
fractions (typ.), are more
legible with the stroke
oblique, as ^/a {not \),
and should be so printed ;
— when they cannot be
supplied in type, to be
spelt out ; compound — ,
as eight thirty-seconds
or forty - seven sixty-
fourths, to take hyphen
for the compounded
numeral ; — as one-half,
two-thirds, half-crown,
half- past, quarter-day,
should take the hyphen ;
decimal — , point to be
a full point turned up;
isolated — , spell out, as
one-eighth, not ^/g; split
— (t3T).), those with the
dividing line attached to
the denominator, and the
numerator justified over
it {see also figures).
frsenum*, not fre-.
Fragezeicben (Ger. typ.
n,), interrogation mark (?).
frais (Fr. m. pi.), cost, ex-
penses ; (adj.) fresh.
Fraktur (Ger. typ. f.), tert
or black letter, ag t^i.
F.R.A.M., Fellow of the
Royal Academy of
Music.
framable*, wo^-eable.
framboise * (Fr. f.), rasp-
berry.
franc* (Fr. m.), coin (not
ital.) ; abbr. f. or fr., pi.
f. or firs., to be put after
the figures, as 10 f. 50 c,
or 10*50 fr.
France, abbr. Fr.
franchise *, not -ize.
franco, free ; abbr. fco.
128
PRANC-TIBEUR — FRENCH
franc-tlreur* (Fr. m.),
a light infantryman ; pi.
francs- tire urs, i
frangipane*, a cake, also
perfume, not -ni.
IFrankenstein, the hero
who constructed a mon-
ster, not the monster.
«* Frankfurter Zeitung,"
not Frankfor-, -fu-.
Franz - Josef Land,
Arctic Ocean.
frappant* (Fr.), striking.
frappS* (Fr.), iced.
F.R.A.S., Fellow of the
Royal Astronomical So-
ciety.
Fraser,fam. name of Barons
Lovat and Saltoun ; —
(A. C), 1819-, philos.
writer {see also Frazer).
** Fraser*s Magazine."
fratje* (It.), a iriar; pi. -/*.
fraternize*, Ko/-ise.
Frau * (Get. f.), Mrs., wife,
not Frau \pron. frow ; abbr.
Fr. ; pi. Frauen.
Frauenhofer (J. von),
1 787-1826, physicist.
Fraulein* (Ger. n.),
' 'Miss," young lady, pron.
froi'line : pi. same ; abbr.
Frl.
Frazer (J. G.), 1854-,
folklorist (5^^ a/so Fraser).
F.R.C.I., Fellow of the
Royal Colonial Institute ;
F.R.C.O,., Fellow of the
Royal College of Organ-
ists ; F.R.C.P., ditto
Physicians; F.R.C.P.E.,
ditto Physicians, Edin-
burgh; F.R.C.P.I., ditto
Physicians of Ireland ;
F.R.C.S.,ditto Surgeons,
London ; F.R.C.S.E.,
ditto Surgeons, Edin-
burgh ; F.R.C.S.I.,
ditto Surgeons of Ireland ;
F.R.C.S.Ij., ditto Sur-
geons, London (L. rarely
added); F.R.C.V.S.L.,
ditto Veterinary Sur-
geons, London.
Freacadan Dubh(Gael.),
the Black Watch (regi-
ment).
F.R.Econ.Soc., Fellow
of the Royal Economic
Society.
Fred., Frederic, Frederick.
When it is the full name,
or a diminutive of famili-
arity, it takes no point.
free/ of all average, abbr.
f.a.a.*; ditto general
average, f.g.a. ; ditto
particular average,
f.p.a. ; — on board,
f.o.b. * ; — on rail, f.o.r.
Freemason's Tavern,
London, W.C, apos.
fcee/ - thinker*, —
-thought* (hyphens).
free will* (two words).
freeze* {see also frieze).
frei (Ger.), free ; abbr. fr.
Freiberg, near Dresden.
Freiburg, or Fribourg,
Switz.
Freiburg/ im Breisgau;
German abbr. — i. B.
Freiberr, Ger. title ; abbr.
Frbr,
" Freischxitz (Der ),"
opera by Weber, 1819.
freize, erron. for frieze*.
Fremantle, W. Australia,
not Free-.
French (typ.), alphabet as
Eng. ; acute accent (')
used only over e, giving
sound of a in Eng. date ;
when two e's come to-
gether, the &rst always has
acute accent, as nee ; ad-
jectives of nationality,
the first personal pronou n,
months, and days of week,
have not caps., as anglais,
je, mars, lundi; cedilla C
(f) only used before a, o,
and u ; circumflex ac-
cent (^) is used over any
vowel; diaeresis, as in
Eng.; grave accent (^)
used over a, e, and « ; the
digraphs », oe, not to be
139
FRENCHIFIED —F.R.S.S.A.
separated; hsrphenneed
not be used with compound
adjectives, nouns, verbs,
or numerals ; abbr. Fr.
frenchified*, French-like
(not cap.).
french polish/*, -er
(two words, not cap.).
frenum, use frae- *.
frenzy*, not ph-.
freq., frequent, -ly, -ative.
frhre (Fr. m.), brother,
friar.
fresco/*, pi. -es* (not ital.).
freshwater*, adjective
(one word), noun (two
words).
Fresnel (A. J.),i788-i827,
physicist
F.R.G.S., Fellow of the
Royal Geographical So-
ciety.
F.R.Hist.Soc, Fellow of
the Royal Historical So-
ciety.
Ftbr. (Ger.), Freiherr (a
title).
F.R.H.S., Fellow of the
Royal Horticultural So-
ciety.
Fri., Friday.
Friar, abbr. Fr.
friar* (typ.), a light or im-
perfectly inked patch in
printed matter.
friar's balsam *, not friars'
balsam.
F.R.I.B.A., Fellow of the
Royal Institute of British
Architects.
Fribourg, see Freiburg.
fricandeau/*, braised and
larded fillet of veal ; pL
-X* (not ital.).
fricassee*, a white stew
(not ital., no accent).
frictionize*, to rub, not
-ise.
Friday, abbr. F., or Fri.;
(astr.) sign ?.
Friedrichsnih, Bis-
marck's residence.
frier, use fryer *.
frieze*, cloth, also part
below cornice, not frei-;
proH. frez.
Mpller* (Fr.), fern, -iere,
dealer in old clothes, not
fripp..
Fris., Frisia (Friesland),
Frisian.
frisette*, curls on fore-
head, not -tt, friz-.
Mtl (Fr. cook.), fern, -e,
fried.
frizz*, to roughen, not friz.
Frl. (Ger.), Fraulein (Miss).
F.R.Met.Soc, Fellow of
the Royal Meteorological
Society; F.R.M.S., ditto
Microscopical Society.
fro (no point).
Froebel (F. W. A.), 1782-
1852, educationist.
frolic/*, -ked*, -king*.
fromage (Fr. m.), cheese.
Frontignac*, a muscat
grape or wine (not ital.).
frontis/piece* (typ.), faces
title (one word) ; in Fr. m.
'pice.
Froude (J. A.), 1818-94,
historian ; pron. frood.
"Froufrou,** comedy by
Meilhac and Halevy.
frou-frou* (Fr. m.), a rust-
ling.
Frowde (H.), publisher,
London ; pron. frowd.
frowzy*, musty, «o^frous-,
frouz-, frowsy.
F.R.S., Fellow of the Royal
Society, in Lat. S.R.S.
(Societatis Regt'se Sodali's) ;
frs., francs; F.R.S.A.I.,
Fellow of the Royal
Society of Antiquaries of
Ireland; F.R.S.C., ditto
Royal Society, Canada ;
F.R.S.E., ditto Edin-
burgh ; F.R.S.G.S., ditto
Geog. Society of Scot-
land ; F.R.S.L., ditto
of Literature; ditto Royal
Society, London, usually
F.R.S. only; F.R.S.S.,
ditto Statistical Society ;
F.R.S.S.A., ditto Scot-
130
P.R.S.S.S. — PUSIYAMA
tish Societ}^ of Arts ;
F.R.S.S.S., ditto Statis-
tical Society of Scotland.
frumenty*, boiled wheat
with milk, sugar, etc., not
the many variations.
frnst/um* (geometry), not
-rum ; />/. -a*.
fryer*, not frier.
F.S. (Fr.), /aire suivre (to
be forwarded); P.S.A.,
Fellow of the Society of
Antiquaries ; F.S.A.I1.,
ditto of London, usually
P.S.A.only;P.S.A.Scot.,
ditto of Scotland; F.S.I.,
Fellow of the Sanitary In-
stitute, Fellow of the Sur-
veyors' Institution, Free
Sons of Israel ; F. S. S.,
«om; F.R.S.S. ; F.S.S.I.,
Fellow of the Statistical
Society of Ireland.
Ft., fcrt; ft., faint, feet,
(paper) flat, foot, forti-
fied ; F.T.C.D., Fellow of
Trinity College, Dublin.
ftichsia* (bot.) (not ital.).
fuc/us* (Lat), a seaweed;
pi. -1*.
ftielled*, not -eled.
fuggy* (Sc), foggy.
fugleman*, leader in mili-
tary exercises, not flugel-,
flugle-, fugal-, fugel-.
fugue* (mus.) (not ital.).
Fujiyama, volcano, Japan,
not the many variations.
Fulahs, Sudanese, not
Fellah, Fellani, Feulhs,
Foulahs, Fulbe (see also
feUah).
fulcr/um*, a prop ; pi. -a*
(not ital.).
fulgor*, splendour, not
-gour.
full-bound*, bound en-
tirely in leather (hyphen).
full-faced (typ.), A
FOUNT OF CAPI-
TALS OCCUPY-
ING THE WHOLE
DEPTH OF THE
BODY, AS THIS.
fullness*, «o/ fulness.
full point* (typ.), the
full stop or period {see
punctuation, XXI).
fulmar*, a petrel.
fumatory*, a place for
smoking {see also fumi-),
fumigator*, not -er.
fumitory* (bot.), a plant
{see also fuma-).
function (math.), abbr.
F (no point).
fung/us*, pi. -i* (not ital.).
funny-bone*, at elbow
(hyphen).
fur., furlong.
tiir (Gen), for ; abbr. f.
furbelow, a flounce, not
-How.
furfur/*, dandruff; pi.
-es* (not ital.).
furlong, abbr. f., or fur.
furmenty, use fru-*.
Furness (Sir C), 1852-.
Furniss (Harry), 1854-,
caricaturist.
furniture (typ.), the
material used in making
margins, etc., for a printed
sheet.
furor* (Lat.), rage (ital.).
furore* (It.), enthusiastic
admiration (not ital.).
furry*, fur-like.
Fxirst von Bismarck,
Prince Bismarck.
further*, in addition to. To
be used only when the
notion of far, or distance
in space, is altogether
absent (see also far-
ther).
fusain*, a special crayon.
fus/e*, -ee, not fuz-.
F.U.S.f, (Ger.), Fortsetzung
und Schluss folgen (to be
continued and conclud-
ed).
fusible*, «o/-able.
fusil*, not'zW.
fusilier*, not -leer.
fusillade*, «o/-ilade.
Fusiyama,volcano,Japan,
use Fujiyama.
131
0*
FUSK — P.Z.S.
fusk*, dark-brown, «o/ fuse. F.W.A., Factories and
fut., future. Workshops Act; P. W.B.,
futhorc*, runic alphabet, Free Will Baptists.
not -ark, -ork. Pyzabad, use Paiaabad.
futtock* (naut.), not P.Z.A. (Amer.), Fellow of
foothook, -oak. the Zoological Academy,
fuz/e, -ee, -il, use fus-*. P.Z.S., Fellow of the
f.v., folio verso (on the back Zoological Society.
of the page).
iSfl
P NOTES
I
»33
F NOTES
X34
o. — OALiTznr
G
G., Grand, Gulf, (naval)
gunnery, the seventh
in a series, all proper
names with this initial.
g., guinea, -s, (Fr.) gauche
(left), gros], -se (big),
(naut.)j gloomy.
g* (dyn.), acceleration of
gravity.
G-.A., General Assembly.
Qa., Gallic, Georgia (oflf.).
Ga (chem.), gallium.
gabbro^* (geol.)r P^- -s.
gaberdine*, a loose cloak,
not gaba-.
Gaboriau (]6.), 1835-73,
Fr. writer.
gaby*, a simpleton, not-ey,
gabbey, gawby.
Gadarene swine.
Gaddi, family of Florentine
painters, 1259-1396.
Gadhelio*, of the Scotch
Gaels.
Gaditanian*, of Cadiz.
gadolinum, symbol Gd.
Gadshill, Charles Dick-
ens's residence, 1860-70
(one word).
Gaekwar, not Guico-.
Gaelic/, abbr. Gael. ; — al-
phabet, same as English,
but no/, kf qj v, w, x,y, z.
gage*, a, or to, pledge {see
also gauge).
gage tTamour (Fr. m.),
love-token.
galete de ccear (Fr. f.),
light - heartedness (not
gaite).
gaiety*, not gay-.
Gaikwar, use Gaek..
gaillarde (Fr. typ.f.), a size
of type between eight
and nine point, or about
bourgeois.
gaillardia* (botany), a
plant.
gaily*, not gayly.
gainsay* (one word).
Gairdner (James), 1828-,
hist. ; — (Sir W. T.),
1824-, physician ; pron.
gard'ner {see also Gard-).
gairfish, use gar-*,
gairfo'wrl, use gare-*.
Gair Ijoch, Clyde, use
Gare — .
Gal., Galatians.
gal., gallon, -s.
gala/*, pi -s (not ital.).
galantine* (cook.), not
gall- (not ital.).
Oalantuomo (II Re),
King Victor Emmanuel I.
galanty show*, a shadow
pantomime, not -tee,
gallantee, -ty.
Galatea (Acis and).
Galatia, Asia Minor.
Galatz, not-sicz, -atch.
galavant, use galli-*.
gale (meteor.), wind mov-
ing 40-70 miles per hour,
galSe (Fr. typ. f.), a galley.
galeeny*, a guinea-fowl,
not -aney, -ainy, -eny,
-ina, -iny, -llini.
galena* (mineral.), not
-sena.
galera (Sp. typ.), a galley.
galhre {qWallait il taire
dans cette) (Fr.), what
business had he there ?
galerie (Fr. f.), gallery.
Galilean*, of Galilee, or
of Gahleo.
Galileo [Galilei], 1564-
1642, astr. etc. ; in Fr.
QaliUe, It. OalileL
galingale*, a sedge, not
gala-,
galiot, a vessel, use gall-*,
galipot*, a resin.
Galitzin, Russ. family, not
Gall-, Galy-, Goly-.
135
GAIiLANTY — GARCKE
gallantysho'WjMs^gala-*.
gallaway, see gallo-.
Galle (Point de), Ceylon.
gallery, in Fr. f. galerie.
Galles(Fr. f. sing.), Wales.
galley/* (typ. \ a flat oblong
tray for holding composed
type ; -^ proofs*, those
supplied in "slips" about
i8 in. long {see proof).
Gallic, abbr. Ga.
gallicize*, to make Gallic
or French, not -ise.
galligaskins *, not -in.
gallimaufry*, a medley.
Gallio, a typical sceptic.
galliot*, a vessel, wo^gali-.
GallipoH, S. Italy, Turkey.
gallipot *, a small jar.
gallium*, symbol Ga.
gallivant*, not gala-, gali-.
gallon/, -s, abbr. gal.
galloon*, a dress trimming.
gallop/*, a horse's move-
ment ; -ed*, -er*,
-ing* {see also galop).
gallopade *, Hungarian
dance, «o/galop-, gallopp-.
Gallo vidian*, ofGallo way .
Galloway, S.W. Scot.
galloway*, a horse, also
breed of cattle, not galla-.
Gallwey (Sir Ralph
Payne), 1848-, writer
{see also Galw^ay).
galoot* (U.S.A.), an awk-
ward fellow, not gall-,
geel-.
galop/*, a dance {see also
gallop).
galore*, in abundance (not
ital.).
galosh/*, an overshoe,
not -oche, -oeshoe, -oshe,
goloshe ; -ed * ; in boot-
trade golosh.
galumph*, to galop trium-
phant.
galv., galvanic, -ism.
Galvani (Luigi), 1737-98,
discoverer of galvanism.
galvaniser (Fr. typ.), to
electrotype.
galvanize*, mo/ -ise.
Oalvanoplastik (Ger. f.),
electrotyping.
Galway, W. Ireland {see
also Gallwey).
Galwegian*, of Galloway.
Gama (Vasco da), 1467-
1524, navigator.
gambler*, a gum, not
-beer, -bir.
gambit (chess opening),
Allgaier, Kieseritzki,
Muzio, Salvio, Steinitz.
gamboge*, not -booge.
gambol/*, -led*, -ling*.
" Game and Playe of
Chesse (The),** 1475.
gamekeeper* (one word),
gamin*, a street arab (not
ital.).
gammon*, a cured ham,
not gamon.
gamy*, of game, not -ey.
Gand, Fr. for Ghent.
Gandamak, Afghanistan,
not Gundamuk.
G. & S.W.R., Glasgow and
South-Western Railway,
gangli/on*, pi. -a*,
gangway* (one word),
ganister*, a hard stone,
not gann-.
Qaasefusschen . (Ger.
typ. n. pi.), quotation
marks (cap.) {see also
German),
gantlet, use gaun-*.
gantry*, a beer-stand, not
gaun-.
gaol/, -er, but jslHJ*, -er*
preferred {see also goal).
G.A.R., Grand Army of
the Republic,
garage (Fr. m.), coach-
house for motor-car, dock,
siding (not ital.).
garamond (Fr. typ.), a
ten-point type.
Garay (Jdnos), 1812-53,
Hungarian poet.
Gareilasso/ de la Vega,
1503-36, Sp. poet; —
"the Inca," 1540-1616.
Garcke (Emil), 1856-,
electrician.
136
GARCON — GAUDEAMUS
gar^on* (Fr. m.), bachelor,
boy, waiter (ital.).
^artfe/(Fr.m.),akeeper;(f.)a
sick-nurse ; (typ. m.), end-
papers ; — a cheval (m. ),
mounted guard; — cham-
pStre, rural policeman,/"/.
gardes champStres (no
hyphen) ; chlourme,
convict warder ; cdte,
coast-guard, pi. gardes-
cdtes ; — -fou (m.), a
parapet.
Qarde nationale (Fr.),
national guard (I.e. n).
** Gardeners* Chronicle
(The)," abbr. G.Ch.
gardenia* (bot.) (not
. ital.).
Gardens, abbr. Gdns.
Gardiner (Samuel Ra^w-
son), 1829-1902, his-
torian ; — (Stephen),
1483-1555, Bp. of Win-
chester {see also Gair-).
Gardner (E. A.), 1862-,
archaeologist; — (Percy),
1846 -, archaeologist ; —
(Wells), Darton &
Co., publishers, London
{see also Gair-).
gare (Fr.f.), railway station.
gare-fowl*, the great auk,
not gair-, gar- (hyphen).
Gare Iioch, Clyde, not
Gair — .
garfish*, not gair-, gare-.
gargarize*, not -ise.
gargoyle *, not -lie.
Garhwal, N.W. India.
gari, use gharry *.
garish*, not gair-.
garlic*, 6«/ garlicky*.
. Garlies (Lord), 1892-,
son of Earl of Galloway.
Garnet (Henry), 1555-
1606, of the Gunpowder
Plot.
garnet*, a stone.
Garnett (Dr. Richard),
1835-1906, author, libra-
rian.
garnji (Fr.), /em. -/e, fur-
nished.
garron*, a horse, not -an.
garrott/e*, to throttle ;
-er*, not -ote, garotte.
Garter King-of-Arms*,
not — — at — (caps.,
hyphens).
gasconade*, boasting, to
boast, not gasconn-.
gaselier*, not gasa-, gaso-.
gasification*, not gase-,
gassi-.
Gaskell (Mrs.), 1810-65,
writer.
gasogene, use gazo-*.
gasolene*, Ko^-leine,-line,
gazoline.
gasometer, use gashold-
er.
gaspillJS (Fr.), /em. ~ie,
squandered.
Gasserian ganglion*,
not C .
gasteropod*, a mollusc,
not -tropod (not ital.).
Gasteropoda*, the mollusc
class, not -tropoda (not
ital).
Oastjhaus (Ger. n.), an
inn ; pi. -hauser (cap.).
Oastlbof (Ger. m.), an
hotel ; pi. -bote (cap.).
gastronome*, a judge of
good eating (not ital.).
gitJ6{Fr.),/em. -^e,spoiled.
gUteau (Fr. m.), a cake.
gate/-keeper*, — -post*
(hyphens).
gate-way* (one word).
gather* (typ.), to place the
printed sheets of a book
in proper sequence.
Oattungj (Ger. f.), genus;
pi. -en (cap.).
Qaa (Ger. m.), county, or.
district (cap.).
gauch/e *, awkward ;
-erie *, awkwardness
(not ital.).
gauche (Fr.), left ; abbr. g.
(ital.).
gaucho/*, a native of the
pampas, not gua-; pi. -s.
gaudeamus*, college-
students' merry-making.
137
GAUDICHAUD — GEIiEBT
Oandichand (C), 1789-
1864, ix>tanist ; aibbr.
Gaud-
gauffer, uu goffer*.
gaug/e*, a measure ; -ing*,
not guage (^see also gage).
gAWaXlBtl*, a long glove^
ffo/gant-; -te<L
gauntr/ee, -y, use
gantry*.
gaur*, Indian ox, tiot gore,
gonr (not ital.).
OtLuaa (J. K. P.), 1777-
1855, mathematidan,
Oautonuk Buddha^ fbnn-
der of Buddhism.
gauzy*, not -ey.
g^vel*! a president's mallet.
gavotte*, a dance or music,
not -otf -ott.
gawl^, ttse gaby *.
gayfity, -ly, ks^ gaiety*,
gaily*.
Gay-Lussac (It J.)>
1 7 78-1850, ch emi s t
gaz., gazette, -er.
gazel, «5tf ghazal*.
gazelle *, antelope, m?/ -el.
gazett/e*, -eer *, abbr. gaz.
gazogene*, aerated-water
^^Mratns, mo^ -en, £;aso-
gene (not itaL).
G.B^ Great Britain ; O. B.
A IL, Great Britain and
Ireland ; gbr, (German),
gdf r audi H ek (osnal).
O. C, Gentleman Cadet,
Grand Chancellor, —
Chapter, — Conductor;
O.C.B., Knight Grand
Cro» of the Bath ; g.cX
(math.), greatest common
Hactor; a.C.H., Knight
Grand Cross of Hanover ;
G-.Ch., "The Gardeners*
Chronicle"; G.CUB.,
Knight Grand Com-
' mander of the Indian Em-
pire; G.C.IiJB., Grand
Cross of the Legion of
Himoor; g.CJn.(math.),
greatest common meas-
ure ; G.C.M.G., Knight
Grand Cross of St. Michael
and St George; O.CILy
Great Central Railway ;
a.C.S.I., Knight Grand
Commander of the Star
of India; a.C.V.O.,
Knight Grand Crossof the
Rojral Victorian Order.
G.I>., Grand dudiess,
— duchy, — duke ; Qd
(chem.), gadolinum ;
Gdns., Gardens.
Oe (ebon.), germaniam ;
g.e. (binding), gilt edges.
Qeb. (Ger.), Gtbriider
(Brothers).
geb» (Ger.),^iB6ofw«(bom),
gebunden (bound).
Gebirge (Ger. n.), moan-
tain dudn (cap.).
Qebruder(Gtr.\ Brothers;
abbr. Qeb. (cap,;,
gecko/ *, a house-lizard ;
pi. -s.
Qedankenstricb (Ger. m.
typ.), pause, dash, em
rule (cap.).
gee/-ho*, ^up*, call to
horses, not }e~.
Gebeimrat {Ger. m.), privy
councillor, MO/ -ath ; abbr.
Oeb, (cap.).
Qeibel fB. von), 1815-84,
German poet.
Geikie (Sir A.), 1835-,
geologist; ffTon. gSltfi.
QeisenlLeiiner, a white
Rhine wine.
gCisbM*^ Jap. dancing-girl;
pL same, pron. ga'-
sha.
Oeissler (H.), 1814-79,
inventor of vacuum tube
named after him {see also
Giesler;.
gekroDter Dicbter{Ger.\
Poet Laureate (one cap.).
gelatine *, not -in.
gelatinize*, not -ise.
Geld ((ier. n.), money
(cap.\
Gelderlajid, use Gue-.
gelder ro&e, use gue *.
gelSe (Fr. t\ frost, jelly.
Gelert, of Welsh legend.
GELINOTTE — GEO.
gelinotte*, hazel-hen, not
-ote.
Gellert (C. P.), 1715-69,
German poet,
gelsemium/* (bot.), not
-inum ; pi. -8.
gem [^YP.}, type, .ighteea »nd »^f
lines to the incu m this.
gemel*, finger- ring, hinge,
etc., not gemew, gimbal,
gimmal, gimmer.
Gemini * (astr. ) , Castor and
Pollux, symbol n (not
ital.).
getninja*, a bud ; pi. -a?*.
gemsbok*, S. African
antelope, «o^-buck.
Gen., General, Genesis,
Geneva,
^en., gender, genera,
general, -ly, generic,
genitive, genus,
gendarme/* (Fr. m.), pi.
-s*.
gendarmery*, in Fr. f.
gendarmerie*, body of
soldiers used as police.
gender, abbr. gen.
ginle (Fr. f.), constraint;
-e, /em. -^e, constrained,
genealogize*, to trace
descent, not -ise.
gSnSpi (Fr. m.), « Swiss "
absinth.
genera, see genus.
General, abbr. Gen.
General Assembly (Sc.
Ch.), abbr. G.A.
general election (not
caps.).
generalla*f general prin-
ciples.
Generalissimo* f supreme
commander,
generalize*, mo/ -ise.
generator*, not -er.
Genes, Fr. for Genoa.
Genesis, abbr. Gen.
genes/is, pi. -es.
genet*, one of the cats
{see «/5o jennet).
Genevan*, of Geneva, not
-ian.
Gendve, Fr. for Geneva.
Gene/vese*, 5. and pi., of
Geneva; in Fr. -volsl,
/. -e.
Genevidve (Sainte),
patron of Paris ; pron,
zhen'vy-av.
Genf, Ger. for Geneva.
genit, 5^* genet, jennet.
genitive, abbr. gen., or
genit.
gen/ius*,/*/. -ii*, -iuses*.
genius loci* (Lat.), the
pervading spirit of a
place.
Gennesaret (Sea of).
gennett, see genet, jen-
net.
Genoese*, of Genoa, not
-ovese.
genre* (art), a painting of
the ordinary scenes of life
(not ital.).
gens*, a clan ; pi. gentes*,
gens de la mime famllle
(Fr. m.), birds of a feather.
Qens de Lettres {SocI6t6
des), Fr. soc. of authors.
Gensfleisch, see Guten-
berg.
gent., gentleman, -men.
Gentele's green, a colour.
gentlll (Fr.), /em. -/e,
gentle ; pron. zhahn'tee.
Gentile (cap.).
gentllhomme (Fr. m.),
gentleman ; pi. gentlls-
bommes,
gentilize*, not -ise.
gentleman/ - at - arms* ;
— -at -large*; — of
the Chapel Royal, a lay
singer there (no hyphen).
gentleman's card (typ.),
or " thirds," 3V16 XI Vain.
Gentlemen, for printed
letters, to be indented
one em (cap., comma, no
dash ; s.caps. for circu-
lars) ; abbr. Gent.
genuflexion*, «o/-ction.
genus*, pi. genera*, abbr.
gen. (see also botany,
zoology, etc).
Geo., George.
139
GEOD. — GERMAN
geod., geodesy.
GeojBEcoy Saint-Hilaire
(]6.)> 1772-1844, zoologist
(one hyphen only).
geog., geographer, -ical, -y.
geogeny*, study of the
earth formation, not -ony.
Geoghegaji, pron. gay'gan.
geographic/ abbrevia-
tions, usually consist of
first syllable, as Eng. Eng-
land, but it is better itot
to abbreviate names of
cities, places, towns ; —
qualifiers, used before
nouns, as common every-
day terms, do not need
caps., as Chinese blue,
indian ink, roman type,
gaol., geological, -ist, -y.
geologize*, not -ise.
geology, names of forma-
tions to have caps., as Old
Red Sandstone {see also
botany, capitaliza-
tion, italic, zoology),
geom., geometer, -trical,
-try.
geometry, see matnenia-
tics.
Qeorg, Ger. for George.
Georgia, U.S.A., off. abbr.
Ga.
Georgium sidus * (astr.),
old name for Uranus.
G.E.R., Great Eastern
Railway.
Ger., German, Germany,
ger., gerund,
geranium/* (bot.), pi. -s
(not ital.).
gSraat (Fr. m.), editor,
manager.
Gerard (John), 1545-
1612, botanist, not -arde.
gerfalcon*, not gyr-, jer-.
Gering (Ulric), d. 1570,
first printer in Paris,
ger kin, use ghe-*.
Grerman, abbr. Ger.; (typ.)
same letters as English.
There are elaborate rules
for capitalization, division
of words, compounding.
etc. The following must
here suflBce. The German
character is ^' Fraktur,'^
the roman '^Antiqua.^^
Fraktur has no small caps,
or italics : emphasis being
given b}' interspacing each
letter. Ae, Oe^ Ue,
except in some proper
names, are now always
rendered A, 0, U. The
ligatures £B, a, are not gen-
erally used, t is now used
for th in all but proper
names and foreign words,
as Tal, not Thai. Rat, not
Rath. The plural of many
words is formed by chang-
inga, o, M, to a, 6, w.as Vater
(father), Vdter (fathers).
Division of words is by
sound, but prefixed nouns,
prepositions, etc., remain
intact, SLsErbJrechtjhinlaus,
entjerben ; also sufiixes be-
ginning w^ith a consonant,
as -cheti, -keit, -lein, -ling,
-nis. ALL NOUNS AND
WORDS USED AS SUCH
HAVE CAPITAL INITIALS.
So also the personal pro-
nouns of the second per-
son, Ihnen, Ihr, Sie (to
you, your, you), and
adjectives from names
of places and persons, as
Leipziger Messe, Kantische
Philosophic ; but adjec-
tives of countries I.e., as
russische Sprache, deutsche
Industrie. The quotation
marks are two straight
commas before and two
turned ditto at end, „ and
", or as in French.
german* to, relevant ; —
(cousin-), not -ane, -ain.
German Emperor, not
Emperor of Germany.
germanium*, symbol Ge.
germanize*, not -ise.
German text, a sf J?fc
of ft>pc as fBis.
140
GERMANTOWlSr — GIBIER
germantown* (U.S.A.),
a wagon.
Germany, abbr, Ger.
germon* (ichth.), the long-
finned tunny.
Gerome (J. L.), 1824-
1904, Fr. painter,
gerrymander*, to mani-
pulate unfairly, «o/ je- ;
pron. g as in go.
Gerstacker (F.), 1816-72,
Ger. writer.
Qes. (Ger.), Gesellschaft (a
company or society)
(cap.).
Qescbichte (Ger. f.), his-
tory ; abbr. Gescb. (cap.).
Qescblecht (Ger. n.),
. species, sex (cap.).
Qesellscbaft (Ger. f.), a
company or society (cap.);
abbr. Qes.
gespaltener Satz (Ger.
typ.), matter set in
columns.
* * Qesta Romanoram **
(Lat), medieval collection
of anecdotes,
gesticulator*, not -er.
gesiorben (Ger.), de-
ceased ; abbr. gest*, sign
t.
get-at-able* (hyphens).
gettable*, not geta-, getti-.
Gettysburg (battle of),
Pennsylvania, 1863.
Geulincx (Arnold), 1625-
69, philosopher ;/)/'o«. ge'-
links.
Qevierte (Ger. typ. n.), em
quadrat (cap.); balbes — ,
en quadrat.
Gewandbaus, concert -
hall, Leipzig,
gewgaw* (one word).
geyser *, hot spring, not -ir ;
pron. gy'sr (not ital.).
G.F.S., Girls' Friendly So-
ciety.
G.G., Grenadier Guards,
g.gr., a great gross, or 144
dozen.
gbany*f a vehicle in
India, usually gari.
gbaut* (Aug.-Ind.), moun-
tain pass, not ghat, ghat,
ghat.
gbawazee (Arab.), dancer,
not -zi, gaziyah ; pi. same.
ghazal *, poetic metre,
not gazel, ghazel, -sel,
-zul.
Gheel, Belgium, insane
colony.
Ghent, Belg.,in Fr. Gand,
Fl. and Ger. Gent.
gherkin*, a small cucum-
ber, not ge-, gi-, gu-.
Ghetto/*, Jewish quarter;
pi. -es (not ital.).
ghiaour, use gi-*.
Ghibelline*, not -in,'
Gibeline, Guibeline.
Ghiberti (Ii.), 1378-1455,
goldsmith.
ghillie, «5^gi-*
Ghirlandajo (D. C),
1449-94, It. painter.
Ghizeh, use Gizeh.
Ghoorkas, use Gurkhas.
ghoul*, an evil spirit, not
-ool,-oule,-owl; pron.gool.
giallo antico* (It.), a rich-
yellow marble.
Giant's Causeway, An-
trim, not -ts'.
giaour*, a Turk, term of re-
proach, wo^ghiaour, giaur ;
pron. jowr.
Gib., Gibraltar.
gibber*, to chatter, noty.
gibbet/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Gibbins (H. de B.),
1865-, economist.
Gibbon (C), 1840-90,
writer ; — (Edward),
i737-94> historian.
Gibbons (Grinling),
1 648- 1 7 20, carver.
gib/e*, to sneer ; -er*, -ing*
(see also gybe, jib).
Gibeline, use Ghibel-
line*.
gibelotte (Fr. f.), rabbit
stew.
Giberne (Agnes), writer.
gibler* (Fr. m.), game,
wild-fowl.
141
GIBLET — GLASIOIVIN
giblet*, not}!'.
gibus*, opera hat (notital.).
Qiesler, a brand of cham-
pagne {see also Geissler).
Giessen University,
Germany.
Giesserei (Ger. typ. f.),
foundry (cap.).
GifFen (Sir R.)» 1837-,
statistician ; pron. g as
in go.
gigot* (Fr. cook, m.), leg of
mutton, not gigot de mou'
ton ; (dress.) leg-of-mutton
sleeve ; not j-.
"GH Bias," by Le Sage,
. 1715-
gild, use guild*.
GilfiUan (G.), 1813-78,
writer.
gill (typ.), to put a gloss
on paper by hot-rolling;
pron. g as in go.
Gill (Jack and)*, mo/ Jill,
gillaroo*, rainbow trout ;
pron. g as in go (not ital.).
Gillett (William), 1839-,
a founder of Bachelors'
Club, London.
Gillette (WiUiam),
1857-, actor, writer,
gillie* (Scot.), a man ser-
vant, not ghillie, gilly.
Gillott (Joseph), 1799-
1873, pen-maker ; pron. j-.
Gillray (James), 1757-
1815, caricaturist; pron.
g as in go.
gillyflower*, no/ jilli- (not
itaL).
gilt, abbr. gt.
gimcrack*, not}-.
gimlet*, a tool, not gimb-.
gimp*, a trimming, a fish-
ing line, not gui-, gy-.
ginger-beer* (hyphen).
ginglymoid*, hinge-like,
not gingli- (not ital.).
ginn, use 2-*.
Ginn & Co., publishers,
London ; Boston, U.S.A.
gfinnle*(Scot.),to tickle the
gills of a fish, not ginle,
ginnel.
Ginsburg (C. D.), 1831-,
Biblical writer.
Giorgione, 1477 -1511,
Venetian painter; pron.
jor-jo'ne.
Giottesque*, of or like
Giotto (not ital.).
Gippsland (Bishop of),
gipsy*, not -sey, gypsey,
-sy.
"Gipsy Tents (In),** by
F. H. Groome, not -sey.
girandole*, a firework
(not ital.).
girasol*, a fire-opal, «o/ -ole.
girkin, use ghe-*.
Gironde, dep. S.W. Fr.
girouette* (Fr. f.), a
weathercock.
gitaajo* (Sp.), /em. -a, a
gipsy,
gite*, a stopping-place; in
Fr. m. gtte,
gitter* (optics), a difirac-
tion grating.
Giulia, It. for Julia.
giuoco piano, a chess
opening.
Giuseppe, It. for Joseph,
giveable*, not giva-.
gives, use gy- *.
Gizeh, Egypt, «o/Ghizeh.
G.Ii.( Freemasonry), Grand
Lodge.
Gl* (chem.), glucinum.
glace (Fr. cook, f.), ice.
glac6* (Fr.), glazed,
glacialized *, not -sed.
glacier* (not ital.).
glacihre (Fr. f.), an ice-
chamber,
gladiol/us* (bet.), pi. -i*.
Gladstonian*, not -ean.
glaive*, a weapon, not
-ave.
Glam, Glamorganshire (no
point).
Glamis, pron. glabra s.
glam/our*, 6M/-orous*.
glary*, dazzling, not -ey.
glaserian fissure* (anat),
not glass-.
Glasgua (Lat.), Glasgow.
Glasnevin, Dublin.
14a
QIjASSE — GOBBO
Glasse (Mrs. Hannah),
wrote ''The Art of
Cookery" in 1747, not
Glass,
glassful, pi. glassfuls.
Glaswegian, of Glasgow.
Glauber (J. R.), 1604-68,
chemist.
Glauber's salt* (apos.).
glaucous* (bot.), covered
with bloom.
glaucus*, a gull, a mollusc,
glave, a weapon, use
glaive*,
glazer*, a polisher,
glazier*, a window-glass
fitter.
Glenalmond, Perth.
Glencoe, Argyl.
Glendower (Owen), not
Glyndwr.
Glenealy, Wicklow.
Gleneely, Londonderry,
glengarry*, a Scotch cap.
Glenlivet*, a whisky, not
-at, -it (one word).
Glentilt, Perth (one word),
glissade* (not ital.).
glob/e*, -y*, not -ey.
globigerin/a*, a foramini-
fer ; pi. -ae* (ital.).
glockenspiel, a set of mus.
bells or bars.
aioriaj* (liturgy), pi. -s*,
abbr. gl, ; **— la ex-
celsis/* " — PatrU**
hymns ; — Tihi, glory be
to Thee (cap. T).
Glos, Gloucester, -shire (no
point).
glose over (to), use -ze*.
gloss*, a note, not -oze.
gloss., glossary.
Gloucester, abbr. Glos.
gloU'morceau*j a pear,
not glout .
glower*, to gaze angrily,
not glour.
glow-worm* (hyphen),
gloxinia/*, pi. -s (not ital.).
gloze, a note, use gloss*,
gloze over* (to), not
glose.
glucinum* (chem.), sym-
bol Gl*, called also beryl-
lium*, symbol Be*.
Gluck (C. W. R. von),
1714-87, composer, not
GlQ..
QIack (Ger. n.), luck.
Qliickwunsch (Ger. m.),
congratulation,
glu/e*, -ey*, -ing*.
glut/en *, not -in, -ine, but
-inize*, -inous.
glycerine*, not -in.
Glyndwr (Owen), use
Glendower.
G.M. *, Grand Master ;
G.M.B.* (metal.). Good
Merchantable Brand.
Gmelin (L.), 1788-1853,
chemist.
G.M.I.E., Grand Master
of the Indian Empire.
G.M.K.P., Grand Master
of the Knights of St.
Patrick ; G.M.M.G.,
ditto (of the Order of)
St. Michael and St.
George ; G.M.S.I., ditto
Star of India ; G.M.T.,
Greenwich Mean Time,
gnar*, to snarl, not gnarl,
gnarr, knar,
gneiss* (geol.), ^ro«, nice
(not ital.).
gnom/e*,)^w. -ide*.
gnosiology*, philosophy
of cognition, not -eology.
gnos/is*, pi. -es. Gnostic
philosophy.
G.N.R., Great Northern
Railway,
gnu/*, antelope ; pi. -s.
G.O., general order, grand
organ,
goal*, the objective at
games {see also gaol).
goatherd (one word).
goatskin* (one word).
goatsucker*, a bird (one
word),
goaty*, goat-like,
gobang*, a game (one
word).
Gobbo (Launcelot), in
" Merchant of Venice."
143
GOBELLN- — GOSSE
Gobelin tapestry*, not
-ins — .
gobe-moucbes (Fr. m. s.
and pi.), a credulous
person.
Goblet d'AlvleUa (E.
count), 1 846-, Belgian
writer.
goby*, a fish (not ital.).
godchild (one word),
godfather* (one word).
God-fearing* (hyphen,
cap. G).
Godhead* (one word,
cap.).
Godlee (Bickman J.),
1848-, surgeon,
Godley (Sir Arthur, now
Baron Godley), 1847-.
god/mother*, -parent
(one word).
God*s acre*, a burial-
ground (apos., one cap.),
god/send*, -son* (one
word).
God-speed* (cap., hy-
phen).
Godwin (Mary Woll-
stonecraft), 1759-97,
writer (see also Good-).
god"wit*, a marsh bird.
Goethe (J. W. von),
1 749-1 832, writer, etc.,
not Gae-, GO-, Gee-; pron.
Guh'teh.
gofer*, a thin batter-
cake,
goffer*, to flute, «o/gau-.
goi (Heb.), a Gentile; pi.
goim.
goitre*, a neck swelling,
not goi- ; pron. goy'tr.
goldfield (one word).
Goliath*, giant, «o/ -iah.
Gollancz (Israel), 1864-,
writer.
golosh, boot-trade spelling
of galosh*.
Goluchowski (count),
Chancellor of Austria.
gombeen-man* (In), a
usurer.
gombroon*, Pers. pottery,
not gomroon.
Gomorr/ah (O. Test.) ; -ha
(N. Test.),
gondola/*,//, -s (not ital.).
Gonds, Indian tribe, not
Gh-.
Gongora y Argote, 1561-
1627, Sp. poet,
good-bye* (hyphen).
good/ day*, — evening*,
— morning*, salutations
(two words, no hyphen).
Good Friday* (caps.).
good night*, a salutation
(two words, no hyphen).
Good/ Samaritan, —
Templar* (caps.).
goodwill*, of a business,
etc. (one word).
Goodwin (Harvey),
1818-91, Bp. of Carlisle,
writer (see also God-).
Goodwin Sands, North
Sea, not God-,
gool, use ghoul *.
goonhilly*, Cornish pony.
Goorkhas, use Gur-.
goosey*, dim. of goose,
not -sie, -sy.
Gordian knot* (the).
Gorgonzola, a cheese.
Gorky (Maxime), 1868-,
pen-name of A. M. Piesh-
kov, Russ. writer,
gormand, use gour- *.
gormandize *, not gour-.
Gorres (J. J. von), 1776-
1848, Ger. writer.
gorse*, furze, but goray*.
Gortschakoff, Russian
family, not -tchakoflF, Gor-
chakov.
Goschen (Viscount),
1831-1907.
Goschen (G. J.), 1752-
1828, German publisher,
grandfather of above.
Goshen, a land of plenty.
Gospodin (Russ.), Lord,
MT.;/etn. Qospozba,
Goss (Sir John), 1800-
80, composer.
Gosse (Edmund), 1849-,
writer ; — (P. H.), 1810-
88, naturalist.
X44
GOSSIP — GRAM.
gossip/*, -ed, -er*, -ing*,
.y*(one/.).
gossoon* (Ang.-Ir.), a
youth.
Gotham (wise men of)*.
Gothic*, architecture, etc.
(cap.) ; abbr. Goth,
gothic (typ. ), a sturdy type
without serif or hair-line.
gothicize *, to render
medieval, not -ise.
** Gotterdammerung**
(Twilight of the Gods),
by Wagner.
Gottingen University,
province of Hanover.
Qottselbeiutts {der)
(Ger.), the devUI {lit God
be with us).
gouache*, a method of
water-colour painting ;
pron. guash.
Gouda, a cheese.
gouge*, a concave chisel.
goujon (Fr. m.), gudgeon
fish.
gouk, use gowk*.
goulard water*, a lotion.
Gould, family name, />ro«.
goold {see also Baring-
Gould).
goule, use ghoul*.
gour, Ind. ox, use gauT*.
gourmand*, a glutton,
but gormandize* (not
ital.).
gourmet*, an epicure (not
ital.).
gout* (Fr. m.), taste.
Goiitte d*or, a white Bur-
gundy wine.
gouvernjeur (Fr.), gov-
ernor ; /em. -ante *.
gov., governor, -ment.
Government, meaning
the State (cap.).
Government contracts
(typ.), copy to be strictly
followed, and charged at
schedule prices, in which
reading is not allowed
for.
Governor - General,
abbr. Gov.-Gen.
Gower, pron. gor.
gowk*, a fool, not gouk.
gowl, use ghoul*.
Goya y Lucientes (F.),
1 746-1828, Sp. painter.
G.P., general paralysis, —
practitioner. Graduate in
Pharmacy, ^^ Gloria PatrV^
(glory be to the Father) ;
g.P- (typ.) J great primer ;
G.P.M. (Freemasonry),
Grand Past Master ;
G.P.O., General Post
Office ; G.P.R., Genio
Populi Romani (to the
genius of the Roman
people).
G.R., GeorgiuSy or Guliel-
tnus, Rex (King George,
or William) ; Grand Re-
corder ; Gr., Grand,
(hot.) Asa Gray, (entom.)
J. L. K. Gravenhorst,
Greece, Grecian, Greek;
gr., grain, -s.
Graal, use Grail*.
grace-note* (mus.), an
appoggiatura (hyphen).
gradatim* (Lat.), step by
step.
Grsec/ism*, a Greek char-
acteristic; -ize*, -ophil*,
not Gre-.
Graetz (H.), 1817-91,
hist, {cee also Gratz).
Qraf* (Ger.), a count; /em.
Qrafin (cap.).
graffitjO* (It.), writing on
a wall, etc. ; pi. -/*.
Grahamize, to open post
letters in transit (cap.).
Graian Alps, Savoy.
Grail* (the Holy), not
Graal, Graile.
grain, apothecaries', avoir-
dupois, or troy weight,
all the same, being '0648
gramme ; abbr. gr.
gralloch* (noun and
verb\ not -ock (not
ital.).
gram, use gramme*.
gram., grammar, -ian,
•atical.
145 10
GRAMINIVOROUS — GRAVESTONE
graminivorous*, feeding
on grass, not gramen-.
gramm/ar *, -arian,
-atical, abbr. gram,
grammaticize*, wo^-ise.
gram.me*, i5"432 grains,
official Board of Trade
spelling, not gram; abbr.
grm. (not ital.).
grammetre*, a unit of
work (not ital.).
Grammiont, E. Flanders.
Gramont (P. comte de),
• 1621-1707, not Gramm-.
gramophone*, «of grama-,
gram mo-.
granadilla*, one of the
passion-flowers, «o/gren-
(not ital.).
Gran Chaco (El), S.
America.
Grand, abbr. G.
grandam*, grandmother,
old woman, not -dame.
grand/child*, -daughter
(one word).
Grand/ duchess *, —
duchy*, — duke* (cap.
G only), abbr. G.D.
grandes capitales (Fr.
typ. f.), capitals.
grandej tenue, or — toi-
lette (Fr.), full dress.
grandeur natureile (Fr.
f.), life-size.
grandfather* (one word).
grand jury (not caps.).
Grand (Sarah), writer.
Grand Master (caps.),
abbr. G.M.
grandl*mdre (Fr.f.), grand-
mother ; pi. -.* meres,
grand* messe (Fr. f.), high
mass.
Grand Monarque (/e),
Louis XIV.
grand monde (/e) (Fr.),
the Court and nobility.
grandmother* (one
word).
grand/ - nephew*, —
-niece * (hyphens).
grand papier (Fr. m.),
large paper.
grandparent* (one word).
grand-pbre (Fr. m.), grand-
father ;/)/. grands-pkres.
grand} signior*, one of
high rank ;caps. the Sultan
of Turkey ; in Fr. — sei-
gneur; It. gran signo-
re; Sp. gran sen or,
grandson* (one word),
abbr. g.s.
Grangerize*, to add illus-
trations to a book, not
-ise (cap.).
grannom*, angler's fly,
not granam.
"Granta/* a Cambridge
periodical.
Grant Duff (Sir M. E.),
1829-1906 (no hyphen).
granter*, one who grants.
Granton, Firth of Forth.
grantor* (law), one who
makes a grant.
Grantown, Elgin.
graphology*, not graph-
ic-.
grapy*, of grapes, not
-ey.
gras (Fr.), /em. grasse, fat
{see also gros).
grass/* (typ.), casual work ;
— hand*, one casually
employed.
Grasse, France, dep. Alpes-
Maritimes.
gratia Dei (Lat.), by the
grace of God.
gratin* (Fr. cook, m.), a
dish prepared with bread-
crumbs.
gratis* (not ital.).
Grattan (Henry), 1746-
1820, politician.
Gratz, capital of Styria, use
Graz {see also Graetz).
Gratz, Prussia.
graupel*, soft hail.
grauAvacke, use grey- *.
gravam/en*, pi. -ina*.
grave accent (').
gravelled*, «o/-eled.
Graves, a Bordeaux wine.
graves, use grea-*.
gravestone* (one word).
146
GRAVEUR — GREEN
graveur (Fr. m.), en-
graver.
graveyard* (one word).
Gravis (Ger. m.), grave
accent (cap.).
gravure (Fr. f.), engrav-
ing.
gray, use grey*.
Gray (Annabel), 1853-,
writer ; — (Asa), 18 10-
88, bot., abbr. Gr. ; —
(Maxwell), pen-name of
M. G. Tuttiett, writer ; —
(Thomas), 17 16-71, poet
(see also Grey).
grayling*, a fish, tiot
grey-.
Gray's Inn, London.
'Graz, capital of Styria, not
Gratz.
grazier*, not -zer.
grS k grS (<fe) (Fr.), by
private contract.
greasy*, not -ey.
Great Britain, abbr. G.B.
great gross*, 144 dozen;
abbr. g.gr.
Greathead (Bertie),
1 759-1826, dramatist; —
(Henry), 1757-1816, in-
ventor of lifeboat.
Greathed (W. W. H.),
1826-78, Major-General.
Great Powers (the)
(caps.).
great primer (typ.),
an eighteen-
point type, as
th:
IS, four lines and
a quarter to the inch;
pron. — prim'er, abbr.
g.p. In Fr. m. gros
romain, Ger. Tertia.
greaves*, tallow refuse,
not gra-.
Grecian*, of Greece ; abbr.
Gr.
Grec/ism, -ize, -ophil,
use GraB-*.
Greco, a chess opening.
147
gredalin, use gride- ♦.
Greece, abbr. Gr.
Greek (typ.), classical and
modern printed the same ;
alphabet, 17 consonants,
7 vowels, 2 breathings,
3 accents (acute, grave,
and circumflex), i apos-
trophe, I diaeresis; note
of interrogation same as
English semicolon ; the
colon or semicolon same
as turned point (•) ; comma,
exclamation point, and
period, as in English.
There are many detailed
rules for composing, but
the following must here
suflBce : grave accent only
on last syllable ; diph-
thongs, accents, or breath-
ings on second vowel ; all
vowels or diphthon gs com-
mencing a word have
either asper (') or lenis (')
breathings ; the sigma (a)
when final is always s ;
in dividing words ending
in KTos, the k is turned
over ; space after elision.
Abbr. Gr.
Greek calends^ never.
Greeley (Horace), 1811-
72, Amer. journalist and
politician.
Greely (A. W.), 1844-,
Arctic explorer.
Green (John Richard),
1837-83, historian (see also
Greene, Grein).
greenback*, U.S.A. bank-
note.
Greene (Sir Conyng-
ham), 1 854-, diplo-
matist; — (Plunket),
1 865-, singer ; —
(Robert), 1560-92, dra-
matist (see also Green,
Grein).
greengage*, a plum (one
word).
green laver*, edible sea-
weed (two words).
green-room* (hyphen).
10*
GREEN — GBOSSETESTE
Green-sand* (geol.),
(cap., hyphen).
gregaJe*, the Mediter-
ranean N.E. wind, not
-cale, grigale.
Gregory's Day (St.),
12 March.
Greiffenhagen (Maur-
ice), painter.
Greifswald, German
university.
Grein (J. T.), dramatic
critic (see also Green/, -e).
grenadine *, a fabric,
(cook.) a fancy dish.
gresj (Fr. m.), stoneware;
— de FlandrCy Rhine
stoneware.
Gr6try (A. E. M.), 1741-
1813, composer.
Grevy (F. P. J.), 1807-91,
Fr. President, 1879-87.
grey*, not gray.
Grey/ (Earl), 1851- ;
— (Earl de), 1852- ;
— (Lady Jane), 1537-54;
—(Sir Edward), 1862-,
politician ; — de Ruthyn
(Baron), 1858- ; —
de Wilton (Viscount),
1896- {see also Gray).
grey-hen*, fem. of black-
cock (hyphen).
greyhound* (one word).
greyUng, use gra-*.
greywacke* (geol.), not
grau- (not ital.).
Griboyddoff (A. S.),
1793-1829, Russ. poet.
gridelin*, pale purple, not
gredalin, -e, gridalin.
Grieg (Edvard,wo/Edw-),
1843-, composer.
grif&n*, a fabulous animal,
not -on, gryphon.
Griffith (R. T. H.),
1826-, Orientalist.
Griffiths (Major Ar-
thur), 1 838-, writer.
grigale, use gre- *.
grill*, to broil.
grillatalpa, use gryllo-*.
grille*, grating (not ital,).
grille (Fr. cook.), broiled.
Grillparzer (Pranz),
" 1791-1872, Aus. dram.
grunalMn*, a cat.
Grimm (Jakob), 1785-
1863; — (Wilhelm),
1786-1859.
Grimm's law, philology,
grimy*, begrimed, not-ey.
Grindelwald, Switz., not
Grindle-.
grippe (la), Fr. for in-
fluenza, also the grip*,
not the grippe.
Griqualand, S. Africa,
grisaille*, a method of
decorative painting (not
ital.).
Griselda, a model of
patience, not -ilda.
grisette * (Fr. f. ), a working
girl.
Gris-nez (Cape), Pas-de-
Calais (hyphen).
Grizel*, a proverbial meek
wife,
grizzly bear *, not gris — .
grm., gramme, -s,
gro., gross,
grogram*, silk fabric (not
ital.).
groin* (arch., med.) {see
also groyne).
Grolier (Jean), 1479-
1565, Fr. bibliophile.
grosi (Fr.), /em. -se, big,
abbr. g. ; une grosse
femme, a stout woman ;
une femme grosse, a
pregnant woman {see also
gras).
grosbeak*, the hawfinch.
gros bleu (Fr. m.), ^ark
blue.
Groschen* (m.), old Ger.
coin, about a penny ; pi.
same.
gros del Naples *,or
Tours, heavy silk fabric.
grosellle (Fr. f.), currant,
gooseberry.
gross, is 5. and pi. ; abbr.
gro.
Grosseteste (Robert),
1 175-1253, Bp. of Lincoln.
148
GROTESQUE — GUILBERT
grotesque* (typ.)j a
square-cut letter with-
out serifs, as this.
grotesquerie*, not -ery
(not ital.).
grotto/*,/*/. -S*.
grouna-rent* (hyphen).
grovel/*, -led*, -ler*,
-ling*, not -eler, -eling.
groyn/e*, a breakwater;
-ing* {see also groin).
"Grtn. (hot.), J. Gartner.
Grubb (Sir Howard),
1 844-, optician.
Gruij Street, London,
now Milton Street.
gruesome *, not grew-.
Grufiydd (Thomas),
' 1815-87, harpist.
grummet* (naut.), a rope
ring, not gro-.
Grundtvig (W. P. S.),
1783-1872, Danish poet ;
- (S. H.), 1824-83,
philologist.
Grundy (Mrs.)*, personi-
fication of social opinion.
Grunth, the Sikh scrip-
tures.
Gruydre* (Fr. m.), a
cheese.
gryllotalpa*, a mole
cricket, not grilla- (not
ital.).
gryphon, use griflRn ♦
Gryptinus (Sebastian),
1493-^556, printer.
G.S., General Secretary,
Grand Scribe, — Secre-
tary, — Sentinel, — Sentry.
g.S., grandson.
G.S.& W.E,., Great South-
ern and Western Railway
(Ireland).
<GseU-Pels (Theodor),
1819-, topog.
g.t. (binding), gilt top.
gt., gilt, great, gutta.
guacho, use gaucho.
Guadeloupe, W. Indies.
guage, see gau-.
guaiacum* (bot.).
Guaira (La), Venezuela,
not Guayra.
Guam, Ladrone Islands,
not Guaham.
guana*, a lizard (not ital.).
guano* (not ital.).
guarant/ee*, a warrant, or
to make sure; -or*,Mo/-er;
-y*, a basis of security.
guards (binding), strips of
paper, etc., inserted in
the backs of books for
plates, or additional leaves ,
to be pasted on {see also
Foot- guards).
guardship* (one word).
Guamieri, violin makers,
not -neri.
Guatemala, Cent. Amer.
Guayaquil, Ecuador.
Guayra, use La Guaira.
guazxo* (It.), a method of
water-colour painting.
Guelderland, Nether- '
lands, not Geld-.
guelder rose*,«o/gelder —
(not ital.).
Guelph*, not Guelf.
Guelph and Ghibel-
line*.
guerdon*, a reward.
guere {ne . . . ) (Fr.), hardly.
Guernsey*, a Channel Is-
land.
guernsey =*
knitted
woollen shirt.
guerre (Fr. f.), war.
guerrilla* warfare (2 fs,
2r>s).
Guesclin (Bertrand du),
1314-80, Constable of
France,
guess-work* (hyphen),
guestling*, a Cinque Port
assembly, not ges-.
Guglielmo, It. for
"William.
Guiana (British).
Guibelline, use Ghi-*.
Guicowar, use Gaekw^ar.
guide-book* (hyphen).
Guido, It. for Guy.
Guignet's green, a deep
rich green.
Guilbert (Yvette),i869-,
actress.
149
GUILD — GYVES
guild*, an association, not
gild.
Guildford, Surrey, not
Guilf-.
guild-hall*, not gi- (hy-
phen).
Guilford/ (Earl of) ; —
Street, W.C, not Guild-.
guillemets (Fr. typ. m.),
the Fr. quotation marks
a ».
guillemot*, a bird,
guillotine*, a beheading
apparatus, also paper-cut-
ting machine (not ital.).
guimp, Ms^gimp*.
Guinea (New).
gtiinea/, -s, abbr. g.
Guinevere, wife of King
Arthur, not -er.
Gujarat, India, use Gu-
zerat.
Gujranwala, Punjab.
Gulden* (Aus., Du., Ger.),
silver florin ; pi. same,
Aus. abbr. fl.
Gulf/ (typ.), cap. when with
name, as Gulf of Corinth,
Persian Gulf; abbr. G. ;
— Stream* (no hy-
phen).
Gulielmus, Lat. for
William,
gullible*, easily cheated,
not -able,
" Gulliver's Travels,**
by Swift, 1726.
guily*, a channel, not -ey.
GuUy (Rt. Hon. W. C),
1 835-, Speaker of H.C.
gumboil*, not -bile (one
word),
gumption*, mother -wit,
not -shion.
gun., gunnery,
gunboat* (one word).
Gundamuk, Afghanistan,
use Gandama^.
Gungl (Josef), 1810-89,
composer,
gunnery (naval), abbr, G.,
or gun.
gunny*, sacking.
Gunter*s chain*, etc.
Giinther (A. C. L. G.),
1830-, ichthyologist,
gunwale* (naut.), not
gunnel ; pron. gun'l.
gup * (Ang.-Ind.), gossip.
Gurkhas, Indian soldiers,
not Ghoor-, Goor-.
gurkin, use gher-*
gurnard*, a fish, «o^-net.
Gussfeldt(Paul), 1840-,
Ger. traveller.
Gutenberg or Gens-
fleisoh (Johannes),
1399-1468, inventor of
printing from movable
metal types.
Guts Muths (J. C. P.),
1759-1839, Ger. teacher,
gutt/a *, a drop, abbr. gt. * ;
pi. -SB*, abbr. gtt.*
gutta-percha* (hyphen,
not ital.).
Gutzkow(K.P.), 181 1-78,
Ger. writer.
Gutzkow, Prussia.
g.U,V, (Ger.), gerecht und
vollkomnten (correct and
complete).
Guyot (Yves), 1843-, Fr.
econ.
Guzerat, India, not Guja-.
G.W.R., Great Western
Railway.
Gwydjrr (Baron).
Gwjrnn (Stephen), 1864-,
writer,
gybe* (naut.) {see also
gibe, jib),
gjrmkhana*, an athletic
display, not -kana (not
ital.).
g5rmnasi/um*, pi. -a*
(not ital.).
gymnotjus*, the electric
eel; pl.-i*.
gymp, use gimp*.
gyncBceum* (bot.), not
-ium, gynoe-.
g3rnaBcology*, study of
women's diseases, not
gyne-.
g3rpsy, «5^ gipsy*,
gyrfalcon, use ger-*.
gyves *, fetters, not gi-.
150
G NOTES
151
a NOTES
15a
H. — HAGGAI
H., harbour, (naut.) hoy,
the eighth in a series, all
proper names with this
initial.
H, (anal, mech.) the total
energy, (chem.) hydro-
gen, (lead pencils) hard,
horizontal force of earth's
magnetism, (mus.) B
natural in Ger. system.
h., hardness, height, hour,
-s, husband, (naut.) hail.
b* (math.), a small incre-
ment.
H:.A., Horse-Artillery.
A. a., hoc anno (this year),
huj'us anni (this year's).
Haarlem, Holland {see
also Har-).
Haarstrich (Ger. typ. m.),
hair- stroke, serif, up-
stroke (cap.),
Habakkuk (the Pro-
phecy of), abbr. Hab.
Habana, Sp. for Havan a.
habeas corpus*, a writ ;
abbr. hab. corp. (not
ital.).
Habeas Corpus Act*
(caps., not ital.).
habendum* (law), part of
a deed.
habile*, ready, not -lie
(not ital.).
habitat* (not ital.).
habitu/6 * (Fr.), fern.
-6e*, a frequenter (not
ital.).
Habsburg (House of),
Aus. Imp. family, not
Hap-.
H.A.C., Honourable Artil-
lery Company.
Hachette et Cie, pub-
lishers, Paris and London.
hachis (Fr. cook, m.),
minced meat.
hachisch, use hashish*.
hachure*, line used in
map hill-shading.
Hackel (Ernst H.),
1834-, nat., not Hae-.
Hacklander (F.W. von),
1816-77, Ger. writer,
hacklet*, the kittiwake,
not hag-.
Hackluyt, use Hak-.
hackney/*, -ed*.
bac lege (Lat.), with this
proviso.
Hadden, Best, & Co.,
publishers, London.
Haddon (John) & Co.,
type-founders.
Haden (Sir F. Seymour),
1818-1910, etcher and
surgeon {see also Hay-).
Hades*, abode of the dead
(cap.).
badji*y title of a Mecca
pilgrim, not hajji.
Hadleigh, Essex, Suflfolk.
Hadley, Middlesex, Salop,
Worcester.
hadst (no apostrophe).
Haeckel, use Hac-.
hSBma-*, the prefix, as in
haematite*, not he-.
hsBmatin*, «o/he-, -ine.
hsemo-*, the prefix, as in
hsBmorrhage*, not he-.
baflz (Arab., Pers.), a
Moham. who knows the
Koran by heart.
Hdfiz, d. A. D. 1388, Persian
poet.
Hag., Haggai.
hagberry*,the bird-cherry,
not hack-, heck-, heg-.
bagere Scbrift (Ger. typ.
f.), lean-faced type.
Haggadah*, legendary
part of the Talmud, not
Agadah, Hagada, -ah.
Haggai (the Prophecy
of), abbr. Hag.
153
HAGGARD — HALLE
haggard, in Fr. bagard.
haggis*^Sc.cook.),wo/-ess,
-ies.
Hague (La), N.W.France.
Hague (The), capital of
Netherlands ; in Dutch *S
Gravenhage (caps.).
ha ha*, laughter (two
words).
ha-ha*, a sunk fence, not
aha, haw-haw (not ital.).
Hahnemann (C. F. S.),
1 755-1843, homoeopath.
Haidarabad, India, not
Haider-, Hydar-.
haik*, an Arab garment,
not -ck.
Haileybury College,
Herts.
hailstone* (one word).
hair/breadth*, -brush*,
-dresser*, -dressing*
(one word).
hair/-lead* (typ.), a very
thin lead for spacing out
printed matter ; — -line
letter*, a type of hair-
lines only: a very thln-faced
type, as this: — -SpaCe*,
the thinnest space; —
-stroke*, serif (hy-
phens).
Haiti, W. Indies, not
Hayti ; in Sp. San
Domingo.
hajl, hajji, use badJJ*.
Hakcben (Ger. typ. n.),
apostrophe, cedilla (cap.).
bakeem*, Oriental medi-
cal man, not -kim.
bakim*, Oriental ruler.
Hakluyt/ (R.), 1553-1616,
geog. ; — Society ; not
Hack-.
balb (Ger.), half, semi-;
Halbjfranzband, half-
bound calf, abbr. Htrz. ;
-Jucbtenband, half-
bound russia ; -leitl'
wand, half-bound cloth,
abbr. HIw. ; -saffian,
half-roan ; -seite, half-
page (each one word).
halberd/*, «o/-ert ; -ier*.
Hal^vy (J. F. F. £.),
1799-1862, composer ;
— (Joseph), 1 82 7-,
traveller.
half, see also fractions,
half/ a dozen, — an hour,
— an inch (no hy-
phens).
half/.binding *, -bound,
leather back and corners,
paper or cloth sides, abbr.
hf-bd. ; —-calf*, calf
back and corners ditto,
abbr. hf.-cf. ; cloth,
cloth sides, abbr. hf.-cl.
(hyphens).
half/-caste*, a half-breed,
not -cast (not ital.) ; —
-crown * ; — -dime *
(U.S.A.), five cents (not
ital.); — -dozen*; —
-holiday*; — -hour*;
inch* ; — minute * ;
moon* ; past; —
-pay*, abbr. H.P. (all
hyphens).
halfpenny* (one word).
halfpenny^worth * (one
word), abbr. ha*p*orth*.
half/ -price *, — -sove-
reign* (hyphens).
Halfte (Ger. f.), moiety,
half.
half-title* (typ.), the short
title before the full title.
half-tone* block, one in
which the various tones
are made by dots.
half-way* (hyphen).
half-year/*, -ly* (hy-
phens).
Haliburton (Thomas
C), 1796-1865, writer ;
pen-name Sam Slick.
halibut* a fish, not hoi-.
halieutic*, of fishing.
hallabaloo, use hulla-*.
Halle {la) (Fr.), the
market ; pi. les Halles.
Hall6 (Sir Charles),
1819-95, pianist ; —
(Lady), 1839-, violinist.
Halle an der Saale, Ger.;
abbr. Halle a/S.
154
HALLELUJAH — HANDSEL
Hallelujah*, preferred to
Alleluia*, a song of
praise, not -luiah.
Haller (A. von), 1708-77,
anatomist, etc.
H alley (Edmond, not
-und), 1656-1742, astr.
Halliwell - Phillipps
(James 0.)> 1820-89,
Shakespearean scholar.
hall-mark* (hyphen).
hallmote*, a court, not
halm-.
hallo*, to call attention or
express surprise, pre-
ferred to halloa, -00, hillo,
-oa, holla, -o, -oa, -ow,
hullo, -oa, -00.
' halloo-baloo,«5^hulla-*,
Hallow/-Day, All Saints'
Day, I Nov. ; e*en*,
last night of October (one
cap., hyphen).
hal/jux*, the great toe; pi.
-uces*.
halm, stalk or stem, use
haulm *.
halo/*, pi. -es*.
Hals (Pranz), 1580 or'84-
1666, painter.
halyard* (naut.), a rope
for elevating, not halli-,
hauly-.
hamadryad/*, a wood-
nymph, serpent, or ba-
boon; pi. -s*, Lat. pi.
•es*.
HambledeD, Bucks; —
(Viscountess).
Hambledon, Hants,
Surrey.
Hambleton, Lanes, Rut-
land, Yorks.
Hamburg*, a grape, also
a fowl, not -gh.
"Hamelin (Pied Piper
of),** by R. Browning.
Hamilton (Sir Wil-
liam), 1 788-1856, meta-
physician ; — (Sir Wil-
liam Rowan), 1805-65,
mathematician.
bammal*, an Oriental
porter, not hummanl.
bamtnam*, Turk, bath,
not hummum, -aum,
Hammergafferstein
(Hans), pen-name of
Henry W. Longfellow,
hammy*, ham-like, not
hamy.
Hampden (John), 1594-
1643, statesman.
Hampe-Allgaier,a chess
opening.
Hampshire, abbr. Hants
(no point).
Hanafite*, one of a Mo-
ham, sect, not -efite, -ifite.
H. & B. (bot.), Humboldt
and Bonpland.
hand(typ.), ^r, called fist.
hand/beU*, -bill*, -book*
(one word).
Jiandbucb (Gen), manual
(cap.).
Handel (G. P.), 1685-
1759, composer; in Eng.
usually Ha-.
Handelsblatt (Ger. n.),
trade journal (cap.).
Handelsbocbscbute
(Ger. f.), commercial col-
lege (one word, cap.),
handful/*, not -11 ; pL -s.
handicap/ *, -per *,
-ping*,
handiwork*, not handy-.
bandjar* (Pers.), a dagger,
not hanjar.
handkerchief *, abbr.
hdkf.
Handler (Ger. m.), dealer
(cap.),
hand-made/*, abbr. H.M.
(hyphen) ; —paper, abbr.
H.M.P.
handmaid/*, -en* (one
word).
hand-paper*, that with a
hand as water-mark.
Handpapier (Ger. n.),
hand-made paper Tcap.).
Handscbritt (Ger. f. ), MS.,
not Manuskript ; abbr.
Hs. (cap.).
handsel/*, earnest-money;
-ling*, not bans-.
155
HANDWORTERBUCH — HARMATTAN
Handworterbucb (Ger.
n.), handy dictionary
(cap.) ; abbr. Hwb.
handwriting* (one word).
handy-man* (hyphen).
handywork, use handi-*.
hangar* (Fr. m.), a shed.
hanger*, one who, or that
which, hangs ; also a
sword, a wood.
hanging paragraph
(typ.), first Hne full out,
following ones indented,
as this.
Hanover*, in Ger. Han-
nover, Fr. Hanovre.
Hans/* (Du., Ger.), John ;
— Niemand, "Mr. No-
body."
hansel, M5«hand-*.
Hanska (Madame),
friend of Balzac.
hansom*, a cab.
Hants (no point), Hamp-
shire.
haphazard* (one word).
ha*p*orth*, a halfpenny-
worth.
happy-go-lucky * (hy-
phens).
happy hunting-ground*
(one hyphen).
Hapsburg, Imperial
House of Austria, use
Hab-.
bara-kiri* (Jap.), suicide,
not hari-kari, hurry-curry.
haram, ws^-em*.
harangue *,/>ro«. ha-rang'.
harass *, not harr-.
harbour, abbr. H.
hard (pencils), abbr. H.
hard/-a-lee*, a-port*,
— -a-starboard*, —
-a-"vvreather* (two hy-
phens each).
harden*, a coarse fabric,
not her-, hur-.
bardiesse* (Fr. f.), hardi-
hood.
Hardinge (Viscount) ;
pron. -ing, not -inj.
hardness (mineral.), abbr.
h.
hards*, coarse flax, «o/hur-.
Hardt Mountains, Bav-
aria (see also Harz — ).
Hardwicke (Earl of).
hardwood* (one word),
but hard-wooded*.
hard-wprking* (hyphen).
harebell* (bot.), not hair-
(one word).
hare/-brain*, — lip*, not
hair- (hyphens).
harem* (Arab.), the
women's part of a house,
not -am, -eem, -im (not
ital.).
haren^ (Fr. m.), herring;
— pec, salted herring.
Hargraves (E. H.),
1816-91, discoverer of
the Australian goldfields.
Hargreaves (James),
1720-78, inventor of the
spinning-jenny.
baticot* (Fr. m. cook.), any
thick stew ; baricots
verts, French beans.
haridan, use harridan*.
harier, use harrier*.
bart-karl, use bara-kiri*.
har/im, w5*-em*.
Haring (Wilhelm), 1797-
1871, Ger. writer ; pen-
name Wilibald Alexis.
Harington (Sir John),
1561-1612, writer (see
also Harr-).
hark*, listen, not hea-.
harken, use hear-*.
harl*, a fibre, «o/-Ie.
Harland & "Wolfif, ship-
builders, Belfast.
Harlech, Merioneth, not
-ck.
Harleian*, of Harley.
Harlem, New York {see
also Haar-).
Harlesden, Middlesex.
Harleston, Norfolk.
Harlestone, Northants.
Harlow (G. H.), 1787-
1819, painter.
"Harlowe (Clarissa),"
by Richardson, 1748.
barniattan*,W. Afr. wind.
156
HARMONIE — HAUSSIER
barmonie (Fr., Ger. mus.
f.), wind instruments.
harmoniphon*, mus.
instrument, not -ne.
harmonize*, «o/-ise.
Haroun al - Raschid,
763-809, a caliph (one
hyphen).
Harper & Brothers, pub-
lishers. New York.
harquebus/*, a portable
gun, not -ss, arquebus;
-ier.
Harraden (Beatrice),
1 864-, writer.
harridan*, a haggard old
woman, not hari-.
harrier*, «o/harier.
Harrington (Earl of)
{see also Hari-).
Harrison (Frederic, not
-k), 1831-, Positivist.
Harrisse (Henri), 1830-,
writer.
Harrogate, Yorks, not
Harrow-.
Harry-long-legs*, the
crane-fly (cap., hyphens).
*' Harry Lorrequer,** by
Lever, 1839.
Harte (Francis Bret),
1839-1903, American
writer.
hartebeest *, antelope, not
hartb-.
Hartleian*, of Hartley,
MOt -leyan, -leyian.
Hartmann (K. R. E.
von), 1842-, metaphysic-
ian.
hartshorn*, ammonia
(one word).
Hartzenbusch (Juan
E.), 1806-80, Sp. dram.
Hartz Mountains, use
Harz —(5^^ a/50 Hardt).
harum-scarum* (hy-
phen), «o/harem-scarem.
Harvard University,
abbr. H.U.
Harv/ey ("William),
1578-1657, discovered
blood circulation; -eian,
not -eyan.
Harz Mountains, not
Hartz — (s^^a/5oHardt).
hasard (Fr. f.), hazard.
has-been (a)*, one that
has been (hyphen).
Hase (K. A. von), 1800-
90, theologian.
hashish*, not hachisch,
-shish, -eesh, haschisch,
-ish.
Haslar Hospital, Hants.
Haslemere, Surrey {see
also Haz-).
hassagai, use assagai*.
Hasse (J. A.), 1699-1783,
composer.
hatband* (one word).
hatchel/*, to dress flax;
-led*, -Ier*, -ling*.
hatch w^ay* (one word).
Mte (Fr. f.), haste.
batti'bumayun, Turk,
edict in Sultan's hand-
writing ; batti-sberif*.
Sultan's own decree.
Hatzfeld, Hungary.
Hauck (Minnie), 185 2-,
singer.
Haug (Martin), 1827-76,
Orientalist.
Haulbowline, Cork.
hauler *, not -ier.
haulm* (bot.), a stalk or
stem, not halm.
Hauptmann (Gerhart),
1 862-, dramatist ; * —
(Moritz), 1792-1868,
composer.
Hauptredakteur (Ger.
m.), chief editor (cap.).
Hauptzeile (Ger. typ. f.),
head-line, but Kopfzeile
(f.) more usual (cap.).
Hausa, Cent. Sudan, not
-ssa, Housa.
Hauslbobe (Ger. typ. f.),
height of type adopted by
a printing oflSce : -kegel
(m.), depth of same;
'korrektor (m.), indoor
reader ; -ortbograpbie
(f.),'' Rules of the House."
baussier (Fr. m.), specu-
lator for a rise, "abuU."
157
HAUSSMANN - HEAD
Haussmann (G. E.,
baron), 1809-91, Paris
architect.
haussmannize*, to open
out and rebuild.
haut/bois, -boy(mus.),M5^
oboe*.
bautej bourgeoisie (Fr. f.),
upper middle - class ; —
nouveautS, latest fash-
ion.
Hautes/-Alpes, dep. S.E.
Fr. ; PyT6n6es, dep.
S.W. France; Haute-
Sadne, dep. E. France ;
pron. son (hyphens).
baut et bon (Fr.), great
and good.
hauteur*, haughty de-
meanour (not ital.).
baute volie (Fr. f.), the
upper ten.
bautj-goat* (Fr. m.), high
flavour; — -ton, high
fashion.
Haiiy (R. J.), 1743-1822,
crystallographer.
Havana*, wo^-ah, -annah;
in Sp. Habana.
bave (Fr.), emaciated.
havener*, a harbour-
master, not -or.
haver* (Sc. law), the
holder of a document.
Haverfordwest, Pem-
broke (one word).
Havergal (P. R.), 1836-
79, hymn writer.
haversack*, not havre-,
-sac.
havildar*, highest Indian
N.C. officer.
havoc*, not -ck.
Hawai/i, N. Pacific, for-
merly Sandwich Islands ;
-an, pron. ha-wy'yan.
Haweis (H. R.), 1838-
1901, writer ; pron. hois.
haw-haw, use ha-ha *.
Hawke (Baron).
hawk's-bill*, a turtle,
not hawkbill.
hawse* (naut), a part in
the bows of a ship.
hawthorn* (one word).
Hawthorne (Julian),
1846-, Amer. writer ;
— (Nathaniel), 1804-64,
Amer. writer.
hay*, a country-dance,
not hey.
Hayden (George), fl. 1723,
composer (see also'H.&d-),
Haydn (Joseph), 1732-
1809, Ger. composer,
pron. hy'dn ; — (Joseph),
d. 1856, compiled " Dic-
tionary of Dates."
Haydon (Benjamin B,.),
1786-1846, painter {see
also Had-).
hay/maker*, -rick*,
-stack* (one word).
Hayti, ms<? Haiti.
hazard*, in Fr. m. bas-.
hazel-hen* (hyphen).
hazle*, to dry superficially,
not hazz-.
Hazlemere, Bucks (see also
Has-).
Hazlitt (W.), 1778-1830,
writer ; — (Williani
Carew), 1834-, writer.
hazy*, not -ey.
HB* (pencils), hard and
black; H.B.&K. (bot.),
Humboldt, Bonpland, and
Kunth; H.B.C.*, Hudson
Bay Company; H.B.M.*,
His, or Her, Britannic
Majesty.
H.C., habitual criminal.
Heralds' College, High
Church, House of Com-
mons, ditto Correction ;
h.c.f. (math.), highest
common factor ; H.C.M.,
His, or Her, Catholic
Majesty; H.C.S., Home
Civil Service.
hdkf., handkerchief.
hdqrs., head-quarters.
H.E., His Eminence, —
Excellency.
He*, helium.
head* (typ.), the blank
space at the top of a page
(see also margins).
158
HEADACHE - HECTOGRAM
headache* (one word).
headachy*, not -ey.
headband* (binding),
the narrow ornament
fastened inside the back
of the head and tail of a
bound book.
head/-dress*, gear*,
— -work* (hyphens).
headings (typ.), to be
caps, {^see also index);
— {syjCb-), first, to be cap.
initials and s.caps. ; second,
even s.caps. ; third, italic
in centre ; fourth, italic
run-in. To be numbered
I, A, (1), (i), {a).
Headless Cross, Worcs.
head-lines* (typ.), those
at top of page with run-
ning title, pagination, etc.
Name, or abbreviated form
of title, on left-hand page,
chapter heading on right-
hand page, or contents
of the two pages open.
Latter preferred. To be
read and re-read by cor-
rectors, as errors here, and
in the folios, are easily
overlooked.
head-man *, a chief
(hyphen).
head/ master*, — mis-
tress* (two words).
head/-page* (typ.), the
one beginning a book,
chapter, etc. ; piece*,
a decorative block at top
of first page of a book,
chapter, etc. (hyphens).
head-quarters* ~ (hy-
phen) ; abbr. H.Q., or
hdqrs.
head-sail*, one before
the fore-mast (hyphen).
headsman* (one word).
headstock* (mech.) (one
word).
headway*, motion for-
ward (one word).
head- word* (typ.), a
word forming a heading
(hyphen).
healthful*, not -ull.
Heap, see Heep.
hearken*, not har-.
heart-break/ *, -er *,
-ing*, heart-broken*
(hyphens).
heartburn* (one word).
hearthstone* (one word).
heart-rending * (hy-
phen).
heartsease*, the pansy
(one word).
heat (degrees of), (typ.)
to be in arabic figures, as
71° F.
heathenize*, not -ise.
heather-bell* (bot.), an
Erica (hyphen).
heave ho !* (two words).
Heaven, cap. when equi-
valent to the Deity; I.e.
when a place, as "heaven
is our home."
heaven-bom* (hyphen).
heavy-weight* (boxing)
(hyphen).
Heb., Hebrew, -s.
hebdomad*, a week, not
-ade.
hebraize*, to make
Hebrew, not -ise, -aicize.
Hebrew (typ.), 22 letters,
and many accents, points,
etc. There is the ordin-
ary square fount, and
the "rabbinical." It is
read from right to left :
hence if any passage is
divided, the right-hand
words must go in the first
line, and the left-hand in
the second. Set with the
nicks downwards. Abbr.
Heb.
Hebridean, not -ian.
Hecat/e*, a Gr. goddess,
pron. hek'a-te ; adj.
Heckmondwike, Yorks.
Hecla, volcano, Iceland,
not Hek-.
hectogram*, 100
grammes, off. Board of
Trade spelling, not -me.
159
HECTOLITRE — HELIiO
abbr. hectog.; hecto-
litre*, loolitres, «o^-ter,
abbr. hectol. ; -metre *,
loo metres, not -er, abbr.
Hm. (not ital.).
H.E.D., incorrect abbr. for
** Historical {now Oxford)
English Dictionary," use
O.E.D.
"Hedda Gabler," play
by Ibsen, 1890.
hedgerow* (one word).
Hedgrab, use Hegira*.
Hedin (Sven Anders),
1865-, Sw. traveller.
hee-haw*, a, or to, bray,
not he-, hiu-.
Heep (Uriah), in "David
Copperfield," not Heap.
/feer(Ger.n.), army (cap.).
Aeer(Du. n.), Mr., Sir.
Heft (Ger. typ. n.), /asa-
culus, part, also ten sheets
of paper (cap.) ; abbr.
Hft, pi. Hefte.
be f tea (Ger. typ.), to stitch.
Hegel (Qeorg, not -e, W.
P.), 1770-1831, metaph.
Hegira*, the flight of
Mohammed from Mecca
to Medineh, a. d. 622, not
Hedgrah,Hejira,Hijra,-h.
H.E.I.C.*, Honourable
East India Company ;
H.E.I.C.N"., ditto Navy ;
H.E.I.C.S.,dittoService.
Heidelberg, German uni-
versity town.
Heidsieck, a champagne.
heighday, use hey- *.
heigh-ho *, an audible sigh
{see also hey-).
height to paper (typ.),
height of type, '9185 inch,
or the diam. of a worn
shilling.
Heiland {der) (Ger.), the
Saviour (cap.).
Heilanstalt {Ger. f.), sana-
torium, tiot Heils- (cap,).
**Heil dir im Sieger-
kranz** (Hail to thee in
the conqueror's wreath),
Pruss. national hymn.
Ae///^(Ger.),holy; abbr. A/.
beilige Scbrift (Ger. f.),
Holy Scripture (one cap.);
abbr. A/.S.
Heimjat (Ger. f.), birth-
place, not -ath ; 'gang
(m.), death (cap.).
" Heimskringla/* Norse
history.
Heine (Heinrich, but
signed Henri), 1797-
1856, Ger. poet ; pron.
hy'nS ; adj. Heineian.
Heinemann (William),
publisher, London.
heinous *.
Heinrich, Ger. for Henry.
Heinz, Ger. for Harry,
heir (an, not a).
heir apparent* (two
words) ; abbr. heir app.
heirloom * (an, not a) (one
word).
heir presumptive (two
words) ; abbr. heir pres.
Hejira, use Hegira*.
Hekla, use Hec-.
Hel (North, myth.), the
goddess of the dead.
Hel., Helvetia (Switz.).
bSlasl (Fr.), alas! {s
sounded).
Helensburgh, Dumbar-
ton, not -borough.
Helicon*, a mountain, not
fountain or lake.
Heliogabalus, useTHlag-.
heliogravure*, a photo-
gravure i^not ital.).
helium*, symbol He*,
hel/ix*, a spiral ;pL -ices*,
hell (not cap.) ; in Ger. f.
Holle {see also Hel).
bell (Ger.), clear, bright.
Hell (Maximilian), 1720-
92, Austrian astronomer.
Hellen (Gr. myth.), king
of Phthia, Thessalj'.
Hellen/e *, a modern
Greek ; pi, -es, pron.
hel'enz.
heUenize *, to make
Greek, not -ise.
hello, use hallo*.
160
HELMHOIiTZ — HEKSCHEL
Helmholtz (Hermann
L. F. von), 1821-94,
physicist.
helmsman*, one who
steers (one word).
H6loise, 1 101-64, and
Abelard, not E1-.
help/mate *, -meet* (one
word).
helter-skelter* (hyphen).
Helvellyn, mountain,
Cumberland.
Hely-Hutchinson, Irish
name (hyphen).
hema-, prefix, use hsB- *.
Hem el Hempstead,
Herts (two words).
, hemistich * (prosody),
pron. he'mis-tik.
hemo-, prefix, use has-*,
hempseed* (one word).
hem-stitch* (hyphen).
hence/forth*, -forward*
(one word).
Henle (P. G. J.), 1809-85,
anatomist.
Henley (W. E.), 1845-
1903, writer,
henna* (bot.), Egyptian
privet, not -ah (not ital.).
hen-peck/*, -ed* (hyphen).
Henri, Fr. for Henry.
Henslow (George),
1835-, bot. ; - (J. S.),
1796 1 861, bot.
Herslowe (Philip), d.
16 1 6, wrote " Diary."
her., heraldry.
Aer., heres (heir).
Heraelean*, of Hercules,
not -ian.
Heracleid*, descendant
of Hercules, not -lid.
heraldry, abbr. her.
Heralds* College *, abbr.
H.C. (apos.).
Herausgeber (Ger. m.),
editor, publisher (cap.).
herb/*, -al* (a, not an).
herbari/um*, a collection
of dried plants ; pi, -a
(not ital.).
Herbart (J. P.), 1776-
1841, educationist.
herborize*, «o/-ise.
Herculean* (a, not an)
(cap.).
Hercules *, in Gr. Hera-
kles.
herd-book* (hyphen).
here/about*, -s*, -after*,
-by*, -in*, -of*, -on*,
-out*, -to*, -tofore*,
-under *, -upon *,
-with * (one word).
herein/ above*, — after*,
— before* (two words).
betels (Lat.), heir ;/)/. -des,
abbr. her,
heritrix*, an heiress, not
-tress, here-.
Her Majesty (caps.), abbr.
H.M.
hermeneutics*, science of
interpretation.
hernia/*, pi. -s*.
hero/* (a, not an) ; pi.
-es*.
heroic* (an, not a).
heronry*, heron breeding-
place, noi hernery.
herpetolog/y*, -ist*, not
er-.
Herr/ (Ger. m.), Mr., Sir,
pi. -en ; abbr. Hr. Let-
ters are addressed **An
HFrrn" or ««Herrn**
(abbr. Hm.^ Schmidt;
-in, lady, mistress, pi.
-innen. ,
Herr (Dan., Norw., Sw.),
Mr., Sir.
Herrlder), the Lord (cap.).
HerreshoJBF, Amer. yacht
builders.
Herrgott (Ger.), Lord God.
herring-bone*, a stitch
(hyphen).
Herrabuter* (die) (Ger.),
Moravian Brotherhood.
Her Koyal Highness,
abbr. H.R.H.
hers* (no apostrophe).
Herschel (Caroline Lu-
cretia), 1750-1848 ; —
(SirJ.P.W. ,1792 1871;
— (Sir William), 1738-
1822, astronomers.
x6i 11
HERSCHELIi — HIQGHiEDY
Herschell (Baron), 1837-
99, Lord Chancellor.
Herts, Hertfordshire.
Hertz (Heinrich), 1857-
94, physicist ; — (Hen-
rik), 1798-1870, Danish
dramatist {see also Herz).
Herv6 (F. B,.), 1825-92,
composer.
bervorbeben (Ger. typ.),
to display, or emphasize.
Herz (Get. n.), heart (cap.).
Herz (Henri), 1806-88,
composer (seealso'H.ertz).
Herzegovina, Austria.
Herzogj (Ger. m.), duke,
pi. -e ; -in (f.), duchess ;
-turn (n.), duchy, not
-thum (caps.).
Hesperis*, a genus of
plants.
Hesperus*, evening star.
Hessje (Ger.), a Hessian,
fent. -in ; -en. State of
Hesse.
bet (Du.), the ; abbr. 't, as
van't Hoff.
betasrja* (Gr.), a concu-
bine, />/. -«*; -ism.*, not
-tair-, -tar-.
heteroonsian*, of unlike
substance, not heterou-.
Heu (Ger. n.), hay (cap.).
beu (Lat.), Oh !
heuch!* (Sc), the cry of
a Highland-fling dancer,
not hooch.
heugh*(Sc.), aglen, «o^-ch.
heugh! * hallo !
H eureka, use Eu-.
beureusement (Fr.),
happily.
hex-, Gr. prefix for six ; in
Lat. sex-,
liexad (chem.), ttot -ade
(not ital.).
hey, a dance, use hay *.
hey-day*, prosperity, not
heigh- (hyphen).
beyduclt*, Hungarian
soldier, not hai-.
hey-ho!* utterance mark-
ing rhythm (hyphen) (see
also heigh-).
Heytesbury, Wilts ; pron.
hay'tsbury.
Heywood (Johil), pub-
lisher, Manchester and
London.
hf.-bd., half-bound; hf.-
cf., half-calf binding; hf.-
cl., half-cloth ditto.
Hfrz. (Ger.), Halbfram-
band (half-bound calf).
Hft., Heft (Ger.), number,
part.
H.G., His, or Her, Grace,
Horse Guards, High Ger.;
Hg, hydrargyrum (mer-
cury) ; H.G.D.H., His,
or Her, Grand Ducal
Highness.
H.H.*, His, or Her, High-
ness; His Holiness (the
Pope); HH* (pencils^
harder ; hhd., hogshead,
-s; HHH* (pencils),
very hard.
H.I., hie iacet (here lies).
Hiatt (Charles), 1869-,
writer.
hiatus/ *, pi. -es * (not ital.) .
hibernate *, not hy-.
hibernize*, not -ise.
hie*, speech interruption,
not hik.
bic (Lat.), this, here.
hiccup *, not -cough, -kup.
bic et ubique (Lat.), here
and everywhere.
Hichens (Robert S.),
1 864-, writer.
bic iacetj* {Lat.), here lies ;
sepultUS, here lies
buried, abbr. H.I.S.
Hicks Beach (Sir Mich-
ael), 1837-, statesman
(novvViscountSt.Aldwyn).
hidalgo/*, Sp. gentleman
by birth ; pi. -s.
hide-and-seek*, a game
(hyphens).
hieing, use hy-*.
bier (Ger.), here; Hier
spricbt man Deutscb,
German spoken here.
hieroglyi)hize*, «o/-ise.
higgledy-piggledy *.
%t
i6a
HIGH — H JELM
High Church *, abbr.
H.C. ; High-Church-
man* (hyphen, caps.).
highfalutin* (U.S.A.),
bombast, not -en, hifalu-
tin, -n', -ng.
high-flown * (hyphen).
high-flyer*, not -flier.
high pressure, abbr. H.P.
high-priest*, abbr. H.P.
(hyphen).
high/road* ; — seas (the) ,
more than three miles from
the coast (two words).
high- water mark* (one
hyphen).
highwayman*(one word) .
H.I.H., His, or Her,
Imperial Highness.
Hijraj, -A, use Hegira*.
Hil., Hilary.
Hilary's Day (St.), 13
January in Ch. of Eng.,
14 Jan. in Ch. of Rome.
Hilary/ Sittings, 11 Jan.
to Wednesday before
Easter ; — Term (law),
11-31 January.
HUfsbuch (Ger. m.), aid,
primer, manual (cap.).
hill, when with name to
have cap., as Box Hill.
Hillingdon, Middlesex.
Hmington, Norfolk.
hiUo/, -a, use hallo*.
hill/-side*, top* (hy-
phens).
H.I.M., His, or Her, Im-
perial Majesty.
Himalayas, India.
binci (Lat.), hence ; — IlIas
lacbrymaSf hence these
tears.
Hind., Hindu, -stan, -stani.
Hindi, of N. India, «o/ -dee
(not ital.).
Hindlip (Baron).
hindmost*, not hinder-.
Hindoo, use Hindu*.
hindrance*, «o/-erance.
Hindu/*, not -doo, abbr.
Hind. (not ital.); -ism*,
-ize.
Hindu Kush, mountains.
Hindustan, abbr. Hind.
Hindustani*, Urdu, the
chief Indian language ;
abbr. Hind.
hing/e*, -ing*.
Hinterland*, the "back
country" (not ital.).
bin undber (Ger.), to and
fro ; bin and zuriicic,
there and back.
Hin weisungszeicben
(Ger. typ. f.), reference
mark.
hip/-bone*, —-joint* (hy-
phens).
hippodrome* (not ital.).
hippogriff*, a fabulous
monster, not -gryph (not
ital.).
hippopotam/us*, pi. -i*
(not ital.).
hirdy-girdy* (Sc), dis-
order {see also hurdy-).
hireable*, obtainable for
hire, not hira-.
Hirmols (Gr. Ch.), pi. -/.
H.I.S., hie iacet sepiilius
(here lies buried).
His/ Eminence, abbr.
H.E.; -— Excellency,
H.E. ; — Majesty,
H.M. (caps., not ital.).
bis non obstantibus
(Lat.), nevertheless.
hispanicize*, Mo/-ise.
His, orHer, RoyalHigh-
ness(caps.), abbr.H.R.H,
histor/ian, -ic, -ical (an,
not a) ; abbr. hist.
Historicus, pen-name of
George Grote, also of Sir
W. Vernon Harcourt.
historiette* (not ital.).
history* (a,no/an) ; notable
epochs or events to have
caps., as the Julian Era,
the Middle Ages, the
Peace of Utrecht.
Hitchin, Herts, not -en.
hitty-missy *, at random.
Hivites, people of North
Palestine.
Hjelm (P. J.), 1746-1813,
Swedish chemist.
163 11 ♦
H.K. — HOGMANAY
H.K., House of Keys, Isle
of Man.
H.Ij., House of Lords;
M. (Ger/, heilig (holy");
H.L.I., Highland Light
Infantry; M.S. (Ger.),
heilige Schrift (Holy Scrip-
ture) ; Hlw. (Ger.),
Halbleinwand (half-bound
cloth).
H.M., His, orHer, Majesty;
Home Mission ; Hm.
hectometre; (paper) hand-
made ; h.m., hoc ntense (in
this month), hujus ntensis
(this month's) ; H.M.C.*,
His, or Her, Majesty's
Customs; H.M.I., ditto
Inspector; H.M.P., hoc
tnonumentunt posuit (he,
or she, erected this monu-
ment); H.M.S.*, His, or
Her, Majesty's Service, or
Ship ; H.M.S.O., Station-
ery Otfice; H.M.O.W.,
Office ot Works.
Ho, holmium,
ho., house.
hoar-frost* (hyphen).
hoarhound, use hore-*.
Hobbema (Meindert),
1638-1709, Dutch painter.
hobbledehoy *, raw youth,
not the many variations.
hobby-horse* (hyphen).
hob-nob* (hyphen).
Hoboken, U.S.A.
hoboy (mus.), use oboe*.
bocj age (Lat.), attend !
pron. a'jee ; — anao,
in this year, abbr. b.a. ;
— genus omne, all this
class.
hoc habet (^Lat.), a palpable
hit!
Hocb {dreimat) (Ger.),
three cheers.
Hocbdruck (Ger. typ. m.),
relief printing (cap.).
bocbepot (Fr. cook, m.), a
dish, hotchpotch.
bocbstebender Bucb-
stabe (Ger. typ.), su-
perior letter, as •*.
Hocbwdrden (Ger. noun,
indecl.). Reverend (cap.).
bocj loco (Lat.), in this
place ; — mense^ in this
month, abbr. h.m. ; —
monumentum posuit,
he, or she, erected this
monument,abbr.H.M.P.;
— quxre, look for this,
h.q. ; — sensUy in this
sense, h.s. ; — temporCf
Sit this time, h.t. ; —
titulOy in, or under, this
title, h.t.
hocus-pocus* (hyphen).
hodge-podge*, a medley
{see also hotch-).
bodie (Lat.), to-day.
hodmandod*, a snail.
hodograph* (math.), a
curve.
hodomet/er*, distance
measurer ; -ry, not od-.
Hodson (W. S. R. , 1821-
58, of Hodson's Horse.
Hoe, Plymouth ; pron. ho.
Hoe (R. M ), 1812-86,
printing-machine maker.
hoeing*, not hoing.
Hof (Ger. m.), court, hotel
(cap.).
Hofdicbter (Ger.), Poet
Laureate ('cap.).
Hoff( Jacobus H. van *t) ,
1852-, Dutch chemist.
Hoffman (Professor),
pen-name of J. A. Lewis.
Hoffmann (Daniel),
1576-1601, theologian ; —
(E. T. A.), 1776-1822,
Ger. writer; — (Fred-
eric), 1660-1742, Ger.
chemist (see also Hofm-).
Hoffnung (Ger. f.), hope
(cap.).
Hoftnann (A. "W. von),
1818-92, chemist; —
(Josef), pianist ; —
(J. C. K. von), 1810-
77, theologian {see also
Hoff-).
Hofmann*s violet.
hogmanay* (Sc), the last
day of the year.
164
HOGSHEAD — HOMME
hogshead/, -s, abbr. hhd.
Hohenzollern (House
of), Prussian Imperial
family.
hoiden, use hoy- *.
hoing, use hoe-*.
boi pofloi {not the) (Gr.),
the masses, not oi — .
hokey-pokey *, ice-cream,
not hoky - poky (hy-
phen).
holarctic* (zool.) (one
word, not ital.).
Holbein (Hans), 1497-
I543> painter.
hole-and-corner*, secret
(hyphens),
holey*, having holes.
HolJ, use Hoolee*.
holibut, use halibut*,
holily*, sacredly.
holla, «5^ hallo*.
hollai}aloo, use hulla-*.
hoUand*, a linen (not cap.).
bollandaisj (Fr.), fetn. -e,
Dutch; abbr. boIL (not
cap.).
Holle (Ger. f.), hell.
hoU/o, -oa, -ow, use
haUo*.
hollyhock*, a plant.
holmium, symbol Ho.
Holofemes, Assyr. Gen-
eral ; a pedantic teacher.
Holtei (K. von), 1798-
1880, poet.
Holty (Ii. H. C), 1748-
76, poet.
HoltzapfFel (Charles),
1806-47, mechanician.
Holtz machine (elec).
holus-bolus*, all at once
(hyphen).
Holy Cross Day*, 14
September.
Holy/ Ghost * ; — Land *
(two words, caps.).
Holyoake (G. J.), 181 7-,
writer.
Holy of holies* (one
cap.).
Holyoke, Mass., U.S.A.,
a city.
Holy orders (one cap.).
Holy Homan Empire
(caps.), abbr. H.R.E.
Holy Saturday, one be-
fore Easter.
Holy Spirit, as Deity
(caps.).
holystone* (naut.) (two
words), but the verb to
holystone* (one word).
Holy Thursday, Ascen-
sion Day in Eng. Church ;
but Thursday in Holy
Week, or Maundy Thurs-
day, in Roman Church.
Holy Week*, one before
Easter (two words, caps.).
Holzjblock (Ger. typ. m.),
wood-block ; -dntckim.),
wood-print; -platie (f.),
woodcut-block ; -scbnitt
(m.), woodcut.
homage, in Fr. botnm-.
bomard (Fr. m.), lobster.
home-bre"wed * (hyphen).
Home Counties (the),
Essex, Herts, Kent,
Middlesex, Surrey.
Homely (Josias), pen-
name of John Bradford.
home-made* (hyphen).
Homeric, or loud, laugh-
ter (cap. ).
Home/ Rule *, — Ruler
(two words, caps.) ; abbr.
H.R.
home-sick/*, -ness* (hy-
phens).
homespun* (one word).
homing*, not -eing.
hominy* (U.S.A.), ground
maize.
homish*, home-like, not
-eish.
Hommage] de Vauteur
(Fr.), with the author's
compliments; — del*edl-
teur, ditto publisher's,
not editor's.
botnmej d'affaires (Fr.),
business man, not — des
— ; — de bien, a respect-
able man ; — de let. res ,
author; — de paille,
man of straw ; — de robe.
165
HOMME — HOPPING
lawyer ; hommej d*es-
prttf man of wit ; —
d'Stat, statesman ; — de
tSte, man of resource ;
— du tnonde, man of
fashion.
hommock, usehu-*.
homjo* (Lat.), human be-
ing; pi. -ines.
homoeopath*, «o/home-.
homogenize*, not -ise.
homoiouslan*, of like
substance (not ital.).
homologize*, to make
homologous, ftoi -ise.
homonym.*, a word of
like spelling but diflferent
meaning, not -me.
homoousian*, of the same
substance, not homou-
(not ital.).
homy*, home-like, not-ey.
Hon., Honourable (son of
a peer), Honorary.
bon. (Fr.), Ao«or/ (honour-
ed).
Honble., Honourable (Ind.
title).
honest (an, not a).
honey-bee* (hyphen).
honeycomb* (one word).
honey-de'W*, a sticky sub-
stance, a tobacco (hy-
phen).
honeyed*, sweet, not -led.
honeymoon* (one word).
honeysuckle* (one word).
Hong-Kong, China (hy-
phen).
HonisoitquimalypensCt
evil be to him who
thinks evil of it (motto of
the Order of the Garter).
honnete bomme (Yr. m.),
a worthy man ; homme
bonnSte, a civil man.
bonoraires (Fr. pi. m.),
fee, salary.
Honorar (Ger. n.), honora-
rium (cap.).
honorarium/* (a, not an) ;
pi. -s* (not ital.).
honorary secretary,
abbr. Hon. Sec.
bonorS (Fr.), honoured ;
abbr. bon.
boaorlsj causa, or —
gratia (Lat.), for the sake
of honour,
honour (an, not a),
honourable* (an, not a) ;
abbr.forson of peer, Hon.,
for Indian title, Honble.
Honourable Artillery
Company, abbr. H. A.C.
Hon. Sec, honorary sec-
retary.
hooch, see heuch.
hoodwink* (one word).
Hooghly, Ind., use Hugli.
Hook./ (bot.). Sir W.
Hooker; — fil. (bdt.),
Sir J. D. Hooker.
Hook (Theodore Ed-
ward), 1788-1841, hu-
morist (see also Hooke).
hookah* Oriental pipe,
not hooka, -er, hoqqa,
houka, hukah (not ital.).
hook and eye* (no hy-
phen).
Hooke (Hobert), 1635-
1703? phj'sicist {see also
Hook).
hook-in (typ.), when there
are too many words for
one line to carry, those
at the end are carried
above or below to the
end of the preceding or
succeeding line, as in
poetry, etc.
ffoolee*, E. Ind. religious
festival, not Holi.
hooping-coughjMs^wh-*.
hoopoe*, S. European bird;
pron. hoo'poo.
hope* (a, «o/an).
hoping*, not -eing.
Hopkins (Johns, not
John) University, U.S.A.
(no apos.).
hop-o»-my-thumb*, a
pigmy (hyphens).
hop-picker* (hyphen).
hopping*, action of hop,
also hop gathering, not
hoping.
166
HOPPITEIl — HOUR
Hoppner (John), 1758-
1810, painter, R.A.
HoppO*. Chinese Board of
Revenue.
hopscotch*, (one word).
hor., horizon.
horja (Lat.), hour, pi. -as;
horasj canonical, hours
for prayer; — SUbse-
clvaSf leisure hours.
Horatius Codes, of the
Sublician Bridge ; pron.
kOk'leez.
horde*, a wandering tribe.
Horeham Iloa4, Sussex.
horehound*, not hoar-.
Horham, Suffolk.
horizon, abbr. hor.
horn (English), one of
the oboes ; in Fr. cor
anglais ;— (French) , one
of the trumpet class.
hornblende*, not -d.
hornpipe*, a dance (one
word).
horologe*, a timekeeper
(not ital.).
horology, abbr. horol. .
horoscope* (not ital.).
horribllej dicta (Lat.),
horrible to tell ; — visu,
horrible to see.
borsj* (Fr.), beyond, out
of; — coacours, not for
competition (not de) ; —
de combat *, disabled ;
— de la loiy outlaw ; —
de pair, without an equal ;
(Taeuvre*, sing, and
pi., relish, -es.
Horse Artillery (caps.,
hyphen), abbr. H.A.
horseback* (one word).
horse/-chestnut*, not
-chesnut ; coper*, not
-couper (h3rphens).
Horse Fair, Kiddermin-
ster (two words).
Horsefair, Yorks.
horse/-flesh*, — fly* (hy-
phens).
Horse Guards (Royal)*,
abbr. H.G. (two words,
caps.).
horsehair* (one word).
horse/-marine*, a " land-
lubber"; — -power*,
abbr.h.p. ; race*; —
-radish* (hyphens).
horseshoe* (one word).
horse-tail* (hyphen).
horseTvhip * (one word).
Horsham, Sussex.
hors tigne (Fr.), excep-
tional.
horsy*, horse-like, nof-ey.
hort., horticulture.
bortus sicca s*f collection
of dried plants.
Hos., Hosea.
Hosanna/*, a shout of
praise, "save, we pray,"
not -ah (not ital.) ; —
Sunday, Palm Sunday.
hospital (a, not an).
hospitaller*, «o/-aler.
hostel^*, -ry*.
hostilize*, Mo/-ise.
hostler, use ostler*.
hotbed* (hort.) (one word).
hotchpot* (law), gather-
ing for purpose of equal
division (one word).
hotchpotch* (cook.) (one
word) (see also hodge-).
hdte (Fr. m.), innkeeper,
host ; also guest.
hotel* (an, not a) ; —
(name of), when cited,
if ambiguous, to be roman
double-quoted.
Hdtell de ville* (Fr. m.),
town hall ; D/ei/*, a
hospital, pi. HdtelS'
Diea ; hdtet garni,
furnished lodgings.
hotel-keeper (an, not a)
(hyphen).
hot-house * (hort.) (hy-
phen).
Houdan, breed of fowls.
Houdin (J. E. R.), 1805-
71, conjurer.
Houdon (J.- A.), 1741-
1828, Fr. sculptor.
hour/* (an, not a) ; abbr.
sing, or pi. h. ; glass*
(an, not a) (hyphen).
167
HOURI — HUCKABACK
houri/*, a n3rmph of the
Moham. paradise ; pi. -s.
Housa, African race, use
Hausa.
house, number of in a
street, should have no
point after, as 6 Fleet
Street ; abbr. ho.
House (the)*, the Stock
Exchange, Christ Church
(Oxford), the House of
Commons, the work-
house.
hou8e/-agent*, — boat*
(hyphens).
housebote* (law), house
repair.
housebreaker * (one
word).
house/-flag*, fly* (hy-
phens).
house/holder*, -keeper*,
-maid* (one word).
House of/ Commons
(the), abbr. H.C. ; —
— Keys, H.K. ;
Lords, abbr. H.L.
house/-painter*, phy-
sician*, abbr. H.P.; —
-surgeon*, abbr. H.S.
(hyphens).
housewife* (one word).
Housman (A. E.), 1859-,
poet ; — (Laurence),
1867-, writer and artist.
Houssaye (Arsdne),
1815-96, writer ; —
(Henri), 1848-, writer.
houyhnhnm*, a horse
with human characteris-
tics ('* Gulliver's Tra-
vels ") ; pron. hwinlm.
Hova, a Madagascan race.
hovell/er*, -ing* (two
Z's).
ho'wbeit* (one word).
how^dah*, elephant- seat,
not -a, houda, -ah, -ar,
-er.
how - do - you - do *, or
how-d'ye-do* (hy-
phens).
Howells (W. D.), 1837-,
Amer. writer.
Howietown fishery, Stir-
ling.
howitzer *, a cannon.
Howth, Dublin ; pron.
hOth.
hoy (naut.), abbr. H.
hoya* (bot.), a wax-plant.
hoyden*, not hoi-.
Hoylake, Cheshire (one
word).
H.P., half-pay, high pres-
sure, high-priest, house-
physician, (paper) hot-
pressed.
h.p., horse-power.
H.Q., Head-quarters.
h.q.*, hoc qusBre (look for
this), or q.v.
H.R., Home Rule, -r. House
of Representatives ; Hr,
(Ger.), Herr (Mr., Sir);
H:.R.E., Holy Roman
Empire ; H.R.H.*, His,
or Her, Royal Highness ;
H.R.I.P. (Lat.), hie re-
quiescit in pace (here rests
in peace).
H.S., hie sepultus (or situs)
(here is buried) , hoc sensu
(in this sense), house-
surgeon ; Hs. (Ger.),
Handschrift (manuscript);
H.S.E., hie sepultus (or
situs) est (here lies buried) ;
H.S.H., His, or Her, Se-
rene Highness ; H.S.M.,
His, or Her, Serene
Majesty ; 'H..8.S.,Historix
Soeietaiis Soeius (Fellow
of the Historical So-
ciety).
h.t., hoc tempore (at this
time), hoc titulo (in, or
under, this title) ; (elec.)
high tension.
H.IT., Harvard Univer-
sity.
hubble-bubble*. Orien-
tal pipe (hyphen, not
ital.).
Hiibner (Julius), 1806-
82, painter.
huckaback*, a fabric, not
hugga- (one word).
x68
HUCKNALL — HURDEN
Hucknall Torkard,
Notts, where Byron is
buried.
Hudson Bay, N. Amer.,
not Hudson's — .
hue and cry* (no hyphen).
Hueffer (F. M.), 1873-,
writer ; — (Francis),
1845-89, mus. critic.
Hugel (Ger. m.), hill
(cap.).
hugger-mugger*, secret-
ly (hyphen, not ital.).
Hughenden, Bucks ; pron.
hitch'en-dn.
Hugli, not Hooghly.
Hugo (Victor Marie),
- 1802-85, Fr. writer.
Huguenot *, not -onot.
buis clos (k) (Fr.), with
closed doors, in camera.
bulssier* (Fr. m.), bailiff,
doorkeeper.
huttres (Fr. f.), oysters.
bujus anni (Lat.), of this
year ; abbr. A.a.
hukah, use hookah*.
hullabaloo*, uproar, not
the many variations.
HiiUah (J. P.), 1812-84,
musician.
huU/o, -oa, -00, use
haUo*.
Hulsean Lectures, Cam-
bridge.
Humaniora (Lat.), the
humanities ; abbr. Hum.
huniani25e*, «o/-ise.
humble* (a, not an).
humble-bee* (hyphen).
humble pie (to eat) *, not
umbel (two words).
Humboldt (F. H. A.,
baron von), 1 769-1 859,
naturalist; — (K. W.
von), 1767-1835, states-
man and writer.
humdrum* (one word).
Humean*, of Hume, not
-ian.
humerus *, upper-arm
bone (not ital.).
hummel/*, -led*, -ler*
(Sc), (cattle) hornless;
(grain) awnless, not
humble.
humming-bird* (hy-
phen).
hummock*, not -uck, ho-.
bummum, Turkish bath,
use bammam*.
humoresque*, humorous-
ly, not humour-.
humor/ist*, -ize*, «o^-ise.
humorous/ *, -ly *, -ness *.
humour/, -ed*, -some*,
-somely*, -someness*,
not humor-.
humpback* (one word).
Humperdinck (Engel-
bert), 1854-, composer.
Humphrey (Dukei.
*♦ Humphrey's Clock
(Master),** by Dickens,
1840.
"Humphry (not -ey)
Clinker," by Smollett,
1771.
humpty-dumpty* (hy-
phen),
humus*, vegetable mould.
Hun., Hungary, -ian.
hunchback* (one word).
Hunooat, Accrington.
Huncote, Leicester.
bundert (Ger.), hundred,
hundred/, abbr. C ;
-weight/*, -s (one word),
abbr. cwt.
Hungary*, abbr. Hun.;
in Fr. Hongrie, in Ger.
Ungarn.
Hunstanton, Norfolk ;
pron. hun'stn.
Hunter's Quay, Argyl
(apos.).
Huntingdonshire, abbr.
Hunts (no point).
Huntington, Yorks.
Huntley, Glos.
Huntly, Aberdeen ; —
(Marquess o/), not -ey.
Hunyadi Jdnos, Hun-
garian mineral water.
Hunyady (Janos C),
1387-1456, Hungarian
General, not -adi.
hurden, fabric, use har-*.
169
HURDS — HYSTERON
hnrds, use hards*.
hurdy-gurdy* (mus.) (set
also hirdy-).
hurly-burly*, not hi- bi-.
hurrah*, «o/-ay.
hurry- curry, use bara-
kiri*.
hurry-scurry*, pell-mell,
not -sk-.
Hurst/monceaux, -pier-
point, Sussex (one word).
Hus (John), 1 369- T 41 5,
more correct than Huss.
husband, abbr. h.
Husbands Bosworth,
Rugby (no apostrophe).
hussy*, not -zzy,
Hutton ((3t. M.), pen-
name of Mrs. Mona Caird.
Huygens (Christian),
1629-95, astr., «o/-ghens;
pron. hy'ggnz.
Huysmans (Joris Karl),
1848-, Fr. writer.
huzza*, a hurrah.
huzzy, use hussy*.
h.W. (cricket), hit wicket.
H"wb. (Ger.), Handworter-
buck (handy dictionary).
,H. W. M., high - water
mark.
hyacinth* (bot.).
Hyacinthe (P§re>, or
Charles Loy son, 1827-,
priest.
hyaena, use hyena*.
hybemate, use hi-*.
hybridize*, etc., «o/-ise.
hyd., hydrostatics.
Hyderabad, India, use
Haidar-.
hydrangea*, a shrub, not
-ia (ital.).
hydro/carbon*, -dyna-
mics* (one word).
hydrcgen*, symbol H*.
hydrogenize*, «o/-ise.
hydrolysis *, decomposi-
tion of water.
hydrophobia* (not ital.).
hydrostatics, abbr. hyd.
hydrotherap/eutics*, -y*
(one word).
hyena*, not hyae-.
Hydres, dep. Var, France.
Hygeia*, goddess of
health, not -gea, -giea.
hygeian*, healthy, not
-ean, -lean.
hygeist*, a sanitarian, not
-gieist.
hygiene *, science of health.
hying*, not hie-.
H.Y.M.A., Hebrew Young
Men's Association.
hymen* (anat.) (not ital.).
hjoneneal* (not ital.).
hymn-book* (hyphen).
hyp., hypothesis, hypo-
thetical.
hypersem/ia*, -io*, not
-emia, -haemia.
hyperbola *, a curve.
hyperbole*, exaggeration ;
pron. hy-per'b6-l6.
hyperbolize*, not -ise.
hyper criticize*, «o/-ise.
hyphenize*, «o^-ise.
hyphens, see punctua-
tion, XV.
hypnotize *, not -ise.
hypochondria*, not -con-
dria (not ital.).
hypocrisy* (an, not a).
hypodertnja*, an under-
lying tissue ; pi. -ata *.
hypostatize *, «o^-ise.
hjrpotenuse* (geom.), not
hypoth-.
hypothec* (Scots law).
hypothes/is* (a, not an),
pi. -es*; abbr. hyp.
hypothesize*, to assume,
not -ise.
hy-spy*, a game, not I spy.
hysteresis* (physics).
hysterical (an>.
hysteron proieron*{Gr.^,
the reverse of natural
order : the cart before
the horse.
170
H NOTES
171
H NOTES
^
I
k
h
h
I
_ I
17«
I. — IDEOaKAPH
I., Idaho, island, -s, the ninth
ill a series, all proper
names with this initial,
intperator (emperor), int-
peratrix (empress), (Ger.)
Ihr (your), etc.
I, iodine, (roman numeral)
one (no point).
I (typ.), should not come at
end of line if avoidable.
/ Celec), moment of inertia
(ital.).
i., id (that).
I (Gr.), iota (no dot) ;
(math.) square root of
minus one.
I (it la), it is me, both
permissible in speech, but
latter should not be printed.
I.A., Indian Army, infected
area.
la., offic. abbr. for Iowa.
i. A. {Gcr., imAuJiragt {by
order of).
I.A.A.A., Irish Amateur
Athletic Association,
lachimo. in ''Cymbeline ";
pron. yak'i-mo.
iambize*, not -ise.
ibex/*,^/. -es*.
ibidem * (Lat. ), in the same
place, pron. Ib-I'dem ;
abbr. lb.*, or ibid* (ital.,
not cap. ) (set also idem).
ibis/* vornith.),//. -es*.
Iblis, use B-.
I.B.S^., Inanimate Bird
Shooting Association.
Ibsen iHenrik), iSaa-,
Norwegian writer.
I.e., lesHS Christus (Jesus
Christ).
I.e. A., Irish Cyclists Asso-
ciation.
Icarian*, of Icarus, no/ -ean.
Ice., Iceland, -ic.
ice-cream* (hyphen).
Icelandic (typ.), roman
now used, but with many
special characters.
icb (Ger.), I (cap. only at
beginning of sentence).
Icb diea (Ger.), I serve
(motto of the Prince of
Wales>.
ichthyology, abbr. ichth.
icbthyosaurlus^ (palae-
ont.\ pi. -/♦.
id on parie tranfais,
French spoken here
(1.C/).
Icknield Street, a Roman
road in England.
I.C.N., In CJirisU' noming
(in Christ's name).
icon/*, an illustration or
portrait ; pi. -B ; -Ic •, not
ik., eik- (not ital.) (sm
also Eikon).
icon., iconography, -ic.
I.C.8., Indian Civil Ser-
vice.
I.C.T., lesu Otristo Tutore
(Jesus Christ being our
protector).
I.D. (mil. ), Intelligence De-
partment.
/d(Lat.), that; abbr. 1.
#«/.*, idem (the same).
I'd*, I had, or I would ;
(typ.) to be close up.
Idaho, abbr. I.
I.D.B. (S. Africa), illicit
diamond buyer.
idealize *, not -ise.
idealo^cal, see ideo-.
id6e fixe (Fr. f.), fixed
idea.
idem! * (Lat), the same, or^
as mentioned before ; pi.
same, abbr. id.* It has
been suggested to confine
use of idem or id. to
author's name, and ibtd.
or ib. to title of book, as
Id., ib.; — quod, the
same as, abbr. i.q,
ideograph*, a character,
not a word, symbolizing
an idea, not idea-.
ITS
IDEOLOGICAL — IGNIS
Ideolog/ioal*, relating to
the study of ideas, not
idea- ; -ist*, a mere
theorist ; -ize*, not -ise.
ides*, the fifteenth of
March, May, July,
October, the thirteenth
of other months.
id est* (LatO, that is;
abbr. i.e.* (abbr. not ital.,
no caps., comma before).
id genus omne (Lat.), all
of that kind.
idiocy*, not -icy.
idiosyncrasy*, not -cy.
idiotoy, use idiocy*.
idl/ing *, -y *, not -eing, -ey.
I.D.N. (Lat.), In Dei
nomine (in God's name).
idolater*, not -or.
idolize*, «o/-ise.
idoI'iOn *, an image ; pron.
I-dO'l6n, pi. -a *.
Idumeda, not -ea.
idyll*, not -yl.
-ie-, in words, the pro-
nunciation of which does
not imply the spell-
ing : — achieve, adieu,
aerie, aggrieve, ancient,
apiece, archiepiscopal,
Aries, audience, barrier,
befriend, belie, belief, be-
lieve, besiege, bier, bom-
bardier, brevier, brief,
brigadier, calefacient,
cashier, cavalier, chan-
delier, chief, chiflFonier,
clothier, coefficient, collie,
collier, commorient, con-
science, consentient, co-
sentient, coterie, courier,
courtier, cuirassier, cur-
rier, deficient, die, dis-
believe, disobedience,
disorientate, dissilient,
efficiency, -t, emollient,
enshield, farrier, fie, fief,
fieldjfieldfare, fiend, fierce,
flies, friend,frieze,frontier,
fusiher, gaiety, gambler,
gaselier, glacier, grenadi er,
grief, grieve, -ance, -ous,
handkerchief, harrier, hie,
hosiery, hygienic, im-
patience, -t, inalienable,
inefficiency, -t, ingluvies,
lie, lief, liege, lieu, lieu-
tenant, maieutic, mediety,
mien, misbeUef, mischief,
mischievous, nescience,
niece, niello, omniscience,
-t, oriel, orient, osier,
patience, -t, pie, piebald,
piece, -meal, pier, pierce,
piezometer, prairie, pre-
mier, prescience, priest,
-craft, -hood, -rid, pro-
ficiency, -t, prurience, -t,
purlieu, quotient, rabies,
rapier, relief, reprieve,
resiliency, -t, retrieve,
reverie, review, rilievo,
sentient, shield, shriek,
siege, sieve, spaniel,
specie, -s, stupefacient,
sufficiency, -t, super-
sahent, sympiesometer,
tannier (a root), terrier,
thief, thieve, tie, tier,
tierce, tiercel, transient,
vernier, vie, view, -less,
vizier, wield, yield, and
in the pi. of nouns, com-
parative of adverbs, and
past part, of verbs ending
in y (not -ey), as fancies,
speedier, hurried (see also
-eU).
I.E., Indian Empire, Indo-
European.
i.e.*, id est (that is) (not ital.,
no caps., comma before).
lesu (Lat.), Jesus.
I.G., Indo-Germanic, (mil.)
Inspector-General.
Igdrasil, Iggdrasil, use
Yggdrasill.
I.G.P. (mil.), Inspector-
General of Fortifica-
tions.
igtt,, ignotus (unknown").
Ignatief (count N. P.),
1832-87, Russian
diplomatist.
ignis fatuus* (Lat.), will-
o'-the-wisp ; pi, ignes
fatui.
174
IGNITABLE — IMMANENT
Ignitable*, not -ibie.
ignoramus/*,/*/, -es*.
ignoratio elenchi*(Lat.),
refuting a proposition
differing from that one
professes to be refuting.
ignotum per ignotius
(Lat.), the unknown by
means of the more un-
known, not ignotus.
ignotus (Lat.), unknown ;
abbr. iga,
i.b,, iacet hie (here lies).
ihm (Ger.), to him.
Ihnen (Ger.), to you (in
address) (cap. ) ; to them
(not cap.).
i.h.p.* (mech.), indicated
horse-power.
Ibr (Ger.), your (cap.) ;
abbr. I.
ibr (Ger.), to her, her,
their (not cap.).
I H S*, lesus (Jesus) (no
points).
II* (roman numeral), two
(no point).
Ill* (roman numeral), three
(no point).
IIII, use IV, except on
clock-face,
/. J.J im Jahre (in the year),
ij (med.), two.
/. J. d. W, (Ger.), int Jahre
der Welt (in the year of
the world).
LK.H, (Ger.), Jhre konig-
liche Hoheit (Her Royal
Highness).
ikon, use icon* {see also
Eikon).
i/(Fr.), he or it; (It., m.),
the.
ilex/* (bot. ),/>/. -es.
Iliad*, of Homer (roman,
not quoted).
Iliohpur,Ind.,M5^Ellich-.
ilk (of that), of the same
name, not family.
111., off. abbr. Illinois.
ill, , illustrissimus (most
distinguished).
rU*, I shall or will ; (typ.)
to be close up.
ill-advised/*, -ly* (hy-
phens).
lUe-et-Vilaine, dep. Fr.
illegalize*, not -ise.
illegitimatize *, not -ise.
ill-health (hyphen).
illiberalize*, not -ise.
Illinois, off. abbr. 111.
illipsis, use e-*.
iilotis manibus (Lat.),
with unwashed hands,
unprepared.
Iliutninatji*, a sect ; sing.
-o.
illustrat/ed, -ion, abbr.
illus.
illustrations, references
tobeas^'Platell, fig. 4."
illustrator*, not -er.
ill will* (two words).
// ify a pas de quoi (Fr.),
don't mention it.
I.Ij.P., Independent Labour
Party.
Tm*, I am; (typ.) to be
close up.
im (Ger.m. and n.), in dent
(in the).
imagines maJorum{Lat.),
ancestors' portraits.
imag/o*, winged insect ;
pi. -ines* (not ital.).
imam*, Mohammedan
priest, not -am, -aum.
im Auftrage (Ger.), by
order of ; abbr. /. A,
im/bank, -bargo, -bathe,
-bed, -bitter, -blaze,
-blossom, -body,
-bolden, -bosom,
-bound, -bower,
-brangle, uoe em-*,
imbr/ex*, a gutter tile ; pi.
-ices,
imbroglio/*,/*/, -s, «o/em-,
pron. im-bro'lyo (not ital.).
im/brue*, -brute*, -bue*,
not em-.
I.M.D., Indian Medical
Department.
im Jabre (Ger.), in the
year ; abbr. i. J.
immanent*, inherent {see
also immi-).
175
IMMATERIAIiIZE — IMPRINT
immaterialize*, not -ise.
immeasurabl/e*, -y*.
Immedia tkommission
(Ger. f.), a royal commis-
sion.
immesh, use en-*.
imminent*, coming on
soon {see also imma-).
immobile* (not ital,).
immobiliz/e*, -ation*.
immortalize*, not -ise.
immortelle *, an ever-
lasting flower (not ital.).
immov/able*, -ability*,
-ableness*, -ably*.
immunize*, «o/ -ise.
I.M.N.S., Imperial Military
Nursing Service.
imp., imperative, imperial,
impersonal, imported, -er,
imprimatur.
impair*, not em-.
impale/*, -ment*, not
em-.
impa/nel, -nnel, use em-
panel*.
impassable*, not to be
passed.
impasse*, a blind alley
(not ital.).
impassible*, insensible.
impassion*, not em-.
impasto*, the thick laying
on of colour.
impedance* (elec), hin-
drance (not ital.).
impediment/a*, baggage;
stng. -iim (not ital.).
impel/*, -led*, -ling*.
imperative, abbr. imp.
imperatlor* (Lat.), fem.
'rix *, absolute ruler ;
abbr. I.
imperf., imperfect, (stamps)
imperforate.
imperfect, abbr. imp.
imperial, abbr. imp.
imperial/ (double), print-
ing paper, 44 x 30 in. ; —
folio, 22 X 15; — octavo,
11X7V2; — quarto,
15 X II {see also books).
Imperial (Ger. typ. n.),
nine-hne pica type (cap.).
imperialize*, not -ise.
imperil/*, -led*, -Irag.
imperium in imperio*
(Lat.), an empire w^ithin
an empire.
impersonal, abbr. imp.
itnpliee *, a sugar-cane, not
-fe, -phie.
impicture, use em-*.
impierce, use em- *.
implicite (Lat.), by impli-
cation.
import/ed, -er, abbr. imp.
impose* (typ.), to arrange
pages of type in a " form,"
so that they will read
consecutively when the
printed sheet is folded.
impostor*, not -er.
impresa (It.), an under-
taking.
impresario* (one s) (not
ital.).
itnpressa (It.), an imprint.
impression* (typ.), the
degree of pressure on a
sheet in the printing
press ; the imprint of
type, etc., as "a good
impression " ; a printed
copy ; an edition ; print-
ing (see also title pages).
imprimatur*, sanction;
abbr. imp. (not ital.).
imprimler (Fr.), to print;
'Crie, f. printing oflSce ;
-ear, m. printer.
imprimis* (Lat.), in the
first place, not in primis
(ital.).
imprint* (printer's),
the name of the printer
and place of printing at
the end of a book, or on
the back of the title page
(O.E.D.). Necessary by
Act of Parliament: if
omitted, payment not re-
coverable by law. To be
on all parliamentary and
municipal election work,
even on post cards. —
(publisher's), the name
of the publisher, place of
176
IMPBOMPTU — IND.
publication, and date,
usually printed at the foot
of the title page (O.E.D.)
{see also title page).
impromptu/*, pi. -s (not
ital.).
improvisat/e*, to extem-
porize ; m. -ore*, /em.
-rice*, pi. -ori* (not ital.)
(one v).
improvise*, noi -ize.
I.M.S., Indian Medical
Service ; (Ger.), Ihrer
Majestdt Schiff (Her
Majesty's Ship).
In* (chem.), indium,
in., inch, -es.
, in (Ger.), in, into.
-in* (chem.), a suffix to
names of neutral sub-
stances {see also -ine).
in\ abstracto* (Lat.), in
the abstract; — actu,
in reality ; — xternum,
for ever ; — alio loco,
in another place.
inamorat/o*,/^w. -a*, a
lover, not en- (not ital.)
{see also inn-).
in articulo mortis * { Lat. ) ,
at the moment of death.
inasmuch* (one word).
in banco* (Lat.), before a
quorum of judges.
Inbegriff (Ger. m.), epit-
ome, inclusion (cap.).
Inca*, one of the royal
race of Peru, not Y-.
in caslo quies (Lat.), in
heaven (is) rest, not coe-.
incage, use en-*.
in] camera* (Lat."!, not in
open court; — capite*,
holding direct from the
Crown.
incase, use en-*.
inj catliedra* (Lat.), in
the chair of office ; —
cautelam, for a warning.
incavo (It.), the incised
part of an intaglio.
inch*, in metric system 25-4
millimetres ; pi. -es, abbr.
in., sign ".
inehase, use en- *.
Inchcape Rock (two
words).
inchmeal*, little by little.
in Cliristi nomine (Lat.),
in Christ's name; abbr.
i.c.3sr.
incipitj* (Lat.), (here)
begins ; -lir, it is begun,
incise*, not -ize.
incl., including, inclusive.
incl. (Fr.), indusivetnent
(inclusive).
inclasp, use en-*,
incloister, use en- *.
inclose, etc., use en- *.
including, abbr. incl.
** In Casna Domini,"
celebrated papal bull.
Incogniti cricket club,
incognit/o*, pi. -i*, /em.
-a*, pi. -ae ; abbr. incog,
incognizable*, «o/-isable.
income-tax* (hyphen).
inj commendam* (Lat.),
temporarily holding a
vacant benefice ; — COn-
cretO*, in the concrete.
inconnuj (Fr.), /em. -e,
unknown.
incor., incorporated,
increas/ed, -ing, abbr.
incr.
incroach, use en-*,
incrust, use en- *.
incrystal*, not en-.
incubous*(bot.) (not ital.).
incub/us *, an oppression ;
pl.-i*.
incumber, etc., use en-*.
incunabulja *,sing. -urn *,
the earliest examples of
any art ; (bibliog.) books
printed before 1500.
incur/*, -red*, -ring*.
in curia (Lat.), in open
court.
incujs* (zool.), pi. -des.
in custodia legis (Lat.),
in legal custody.
Ind, poetical for India (no
point).
Ind., India, -n, off. abbr.
for Indiana.
177 12
IND. — INDICTER
ind., independent, index,
indication.
I.N.D., in nomine Dei (in
the name of God).
in das (Ger. n,), into the;
abbr. ins.
indeclinable, abbr. in-
decl.
indefatigabl/e,* -y*.
indefeasible*, not -able.
indefensible *.
indefinite, abbr. indef.
indelible*, «o/-able, -eble.
in deliciis * (Lat), in affec-
tion.
in dem (Ger. m. and n.), in
the ; abbr. im.
tndemni/fy*, -ty, not en-.
indent* (typ.), to begin a
line, or lines, with a
blank space.
indention* (hanging or
reverse) (typ.), the first
line full out, those follow-
ing indented, as here.
indenture*, not en-.
independ/enoe *, - ent *,
abbr. ind.
Independence Day*,
U.S.A., 4 July*
in deposito* (Lat), in
deposit.
index/*, pi. -es*, abbr.
ind. To make the catch-
•word of each entry prom-
inent it should be printed
in a special fount such as
clarendon. A colon
after catchword, a comma
between last word of entry
and first figure of volume
or page, also between
pages when there are
more than one. A semi-
colon between each entry
under same catchword.
The volume, when more
than one, to be in roman
lower-case numerals, i, ii,
to be followed by comma.
First line of each par. to be
full width of measure, sub-
sequent lines indented (in
small type, one en or em).
178
ind/ex * (math.), pi. -ices*;
— (typ. ) the hand $&" used
to point out a passage,
etc., or to call attention.
•• Index/ Expurgator-
ius"* (Lat.), index of
the passages to be ex-
punged ; *• — Librorum/
Expurgandonim " *
(R.C.C.), a list of
books which may be read
only in expurgated edi-
tions ; «* Prohibi-
torum»** (R.C.C.), a
list of books which the
Church forbids to be
read.
indexj rerum (Lat.), an
index of things ; — ver-
boruaiy ditto of words.
India/, -n, abbr. Ind.
India/man* (naut.), pL
-men*.
india matting.
Indiana, offic. abbr. Ind.
Indianapolis, U.S.A.
Indian/Army, abbr. I. A. ;
— Civil Service, I.C.S.
Indian/ com, — ink, not
india — (not cap.).
indian red*.
Indian/ Empire, abbr.
I.E. ; — Territory,
U.S.A., off. abbr. Ind.T.
India paper*, generally
imported from China (!),
not -ian (no hyphen) ;
Oxford* , a very
thin, tough, opaque print-
ing-paper made by the
Oxford University Press
(O.E.D.); India proof *,
one printed on India
paper (cap. /).
india-rubber* (hyphen).
indicated horse-power,
abbr. i.h.p.
indication, abbr. ind.
indicative, abbr. indie.
ind/ices * (math. ), not
-exes ; sing, -ex *.
indicilum*, a sign; pL
-a*.
indicter*, not -or.
INDIGESTIBLE — INFUSORIUM
indigestible*, mo/ -able.
indiscreet *, injudicious.
indiscrete*, not divided
into distinct parts.
in disparte (It.), aside.
indispensable*, «o/-ible.
indium*, symbol In*.
individualize*, Mo/-ise.
indivldujum* (Lat.), the
indivisible ; pi. -a*.
Ind. Meth., Independent
Methodists.
Indo-European *, abbr.
I.E., or Indo-Eur.
Indo- German/*, -ic*,
abbr. I.G., or Indo-
Ger.
indoor/*, -s* (one word).
indorse, etc., use en-*.
Indostan, use Hindu-.
indraught*, not -aft.
Ind.T., offic. abbr. for
Indian Territory, U.S.A.
in dubio* (Lat.), in doubt.
indubitably*.
induction*, not -xion.
indu/e, -re, use en- *.
in dupJo (Lat.), in dupli-
cate.
-ine* (chem.), a suflSx re-
stricted to names of
alkaloids and basic sub-
stances {see also -in).
inSditj, fern, -e (Fr.), un-
published.
inedita (Lat.), unpublished
compositions.
ineffaceable *.
in equilibrio* (Lat.), in
equilibrium.
inertia* (not ital.), but vis
inertias.
inj esse* (Lat.), actually
existing; — excelsis*, in
the highest (degree) ; —
extenso*, at full length ;
— extremis *, at the very
point of death.
in f., in fine (finally).
inf., infantry, infinitive.
inf., infra (below).
in facie] curias (Lat.),
before the court ;
ecciesias, ditto Church.
infallibilist*, not -blist.
Infanta *, dau. of King and
Queen of Spain ; In-
fante *, younger son of
ditto.
infantry, abbr. inf.
infected area, abbr. I.A.
infer/*, -red*, -ring*.
infer/able*, deducible, not
-ible, -rable, -rible.
inferior characters
(typ.), those set below
the line, as in chem.
formulae; thus 1.2. a. b.
inferr/able, -ibie, use
inferable*.
in fidem copias (Lat.),
true copy.
in fieri* (Lat.), in course
of completion.
infima species (Lat.), pi.
infimas —.
infin., infinitive.
in fine*, finally ; abbr. in f.
(not ital.).
infinitive, abbr. inf., or
infija.
in flagrante delicto*
(Lat), in the very act of
committing the offence.
inflatable*, not -eable.
inflater*, not -or.
inflexion *, not -ction.
infold, etc., «s^en-*.
in- folio (Fr. m.), folio.
inforce, etc., use en-*.
in forma pauperis*
(Lat.), as a pauper.
in fbrol conscientias*
(Lat), in the court of
conscience ; — — do-
mesticOy in a domestic,
not foreign, court ;
secularly in a secular
court.
infraj (Lat), below, abbr.
inf. ; — dignitatem *,
undignified, abbr. infra
dig.*
infula*, the ribbons of a
bishop's mitre.
in fumo* (Lat.), in smoke.
infuser*, not -or.
infusorijum*, pi. -a*.
79 12*
IN FUTURO — INNS
in tuturo (Lat), in, or for,
the future.
Ingelow (Jean), 1820-97,
^ poetess.
in genere* (Lat.), in kind.
ingenieur civil (Fr. m.),
civil engineer.
ingenue (Fr. f.), an artless
girl.
ingesta*, food, etc. (not
ital.).
Ingestre, Staffs, pron.
in'ges-trS {g, as in go.)
ingle-nook*, chimney
corner (hyphen).
•* Ingoldsby Legends,**
by R. H. Barham, 1840.
ingraft, ingrain (verb),
use en-*.
ingrain* (adj.) (one word).
in gremio legis (Lat.), in
the lap of the law.
in/groove, -gross, -gulf,
use en- *.
inhabitant, abbr. inhab.
in liac parte (Lat.), on
this part.
Inlialt (Ger. m.), contents.
inbalisverzeiclinis (Ger.
n.),tableof contents (cap.).
Index in Ger. is called
Register.
inherit*, etc., not en-.
in] tioc (Lat.), in this re-
spect ; — hoc salus, safe-
ty in this; — infinitum*,
for ever ; — initio, in the
beginning, abbr. in init. ;
— integrum, entire ; —
invidiam f to excite
prejudice ; — invitum,
compulsory.
I.N.I., in nomine lesu (in
the name of Jesus).
Inisfail, use Inn-.
inisle, use en- *.
initial/*, -ed*, -ing*.
initials (typ.), not to be
separated by end of Une.
{See also capitalization,
capitals.)
in jure (Lat.), in law.
injurija (Lat.), a wrong;
pi. -as.
Inkermann, Crimea, not
-an.
ink/pot*, -stand* (one
word).
in\ limine* (Lat.), at the
outset, abbr. in lim, ; —
loco*, in place of;
— loco citato, in the
place cited, abbr. loc.
cit. ; — loco parentis *,
in the position of parent ;
— medias res*, into
the midst of affairs ; —
medio*, in the middle;
— medio tutissimus
ibis, the middle course
is safest; — memo-
riam*, in memory (of).
innamoratjo*, fem. -a*,
mod. It. spelling of
inam- *.
Innenseite (Ger. typ. £),
the inside of a sheet.
inner (typ.), that side of
a sheet containing the
second page.
innerlialb (Ger.), within.
Innes (C), 1798-1874, Sc.
antiquary.
Inness (G.)> 1825-94,
Amer. painter.
innigsten Dank (Ger.
accus.), warmest thanks.
Innisfail, poet, for Ireland,
not Ini-.
Inniskilling/ Dragoons,
— Fusiliers {see also
E-).
innkeeper* (one word).
Innocents* Day*, 28
December (caps.).
innoculate, use ino-*.
innocuous*, harmless.
inj nomine (Lat.), in the
name (of a person) ; —
notis (Lat.), in the notes.
innoxious*, harmless.
inns (names of), when
cited, if ambiguous, to be
roman double-quoted.
Inns of Court*(the),Inner
Temple, Middle Temple,
Lincohi's Inn, Gray's
Inn.
z8o
IN NUBIBUS — I.N.S.T.
JnJ Bubibus* (Lat.), in
the clouds ; — nuce, in
a nutshell.
innuendo/*, pi. -es*, not
inu- (not ital.).
Innuit (Eskimo).
in-octavo (Fr.), octavo.
inoculate*, not en-, inn-.
in ovo (Lat.), undeveloped.
inoxidize*, «o/-ise.
inj pace (Lat.), in peace;
— pari materia, in an
analogous case ; — parti-
bus infidelium*, in the
regions of unbelievers,
abbr. i.p.i., or in par-
tibus*.
in-patient* (hyphen).
in] pectore (Lat.), in re-
serve ; — perpetuum *,
forever ; — persona, in
person ; — pettO* (It.), in
reserve; — piccolo (It.),
in Httle ; —piano * (Lat.),
on a plane surface ;
— pontificaiibus*, in
the proper vestments ;
— posse*, potentially;
— - posterunif for the
future; — potentia*,
potentially ',—prassenti,
now ; — prxsentia, for
the present ; — primis,
use imprimis* ; — prin^
cipio*, in the beginning,
abbr. in pr. ; — propria
causa, in his, or her,
own suit ; — propria
persona*, in his, or
her, own person; —
prospectu, in prospect ;
— puris naturalibus*,
naked.
in-quarto * (Fr. m.), quarto.
inquir/e*, -y*, not en-.
inj re* (Lat.), in the matter
of; — rem (law), relating
to a matter ; — rerum
natura*, in the. nature of
things.
I.N.R.I., lesus Nasarenusy
Rex Judseorunt (Jesus of
Nazareth, King of the
Jews).
inroll, use enrol*.
Ins., Inspector.
ins., insurance.
ins (Ger.), in das (into the).
in sascula saeculorum*
(Lat.), for ever and ever.
insoonce, use en- *.
insculpture*, not en-.
in se (Lat.), in itself, in
themselves.
insecta* is pi, not -se.
in-seize (Fr.), i6mo.
Insel {Ger. f.), island (cap.).
insert* (typ.), an add-
itional sentence or para-
graph added to a proof
to be inserted in the
revise or final proof.
inset* (typ.), to insert as
an inset; an extra page
or set of pages inserted
in a proof, or book; an
advertisement on a separ-
ate leaf inserted in a maga-
zine (O.E.D.) ; one folded
sheet laid inside another.
inset/*, -ted*, -ting*.
inside/ (typ.), that side of
a sheet containing the
second page; — quires
or reams (typ.), those
with perfect sheets.
insignia* is pi. (not ital.).
insisten/ce*,-t*, «o/-ance,
-ant.
in situ* (Lat.), in posi-
tion.
insnare, use en- *.
in solido (Lat.), entirely.
insomnia*, sleeplessness.
insoucian/ce *, careless-
ness ; -t*, careless (not
ital.).
insoijd, use en-*.
in specie* (Lat.), in the
precise form.
Inspector, abbr. Ins.
Inspector- General, abbr.
I.G., or Ins.-Gen. ;
ditto of FortifLoations,
i.a.p.
I.N.S.T., in nomine Sancias
Trinitatis (in the name of
the Holy Trinity).
i8z
INST. — INTERPRET
inst., instant, institute, -s,
-ion.
install* (two Ps), not en-.
instalment* (one /).
instant, of this month,
abbr. inst. — should not
be printed.
instanter* (Lat.), at once
(ital.).
instar omnium (Lat),
worth all the rest
in statu J pupillari (Lat),
in a condition of pupil-
age ; quo {ante,
prius, or nunc) *, in the
same state (as formerly or
now).
Inst.CE., Institution of
Civil Engineers.
instil/*, not -11; -led*,
-ling*.
Institut de France, the
association of the five
French Academies.
institut/e, -es, -ion, abbr.
inst.
Institute of Actuaries,
abbr. Inst. Act. ; ditto
Marine Engineers,
Inst.M.E.
Institution of Civil
Engineers, abbr. Inst.
C.E. ; ditto Electrical
Engineers, Inst.E.E. ;
ditto Mechanical En-
gineers, Inst.Mech.E.;
ditto Naval Archi-
tects, Inst.!N".A.
insti tutor*, not -er.
instructor*, not -er.
instrument/, -al, abbr.
instr.
insurance*, "the present
usage is to differentiate
life assurance, and fire
and marine insurance "
(O.E.D.); abbr. ins.
insw^athe, use en-*.
int., interest, interior,
interjection, interpreter.
int (Fr.), inte'ret (interest).
intaglio/*, incised design,
pi. -S* (not ital.); —
printing, that done
from an incised plate, or
the reverse of ordinary
printing , pron. in-tal'yo.
integration (sign of), f.
intellectualize*, not -ise.
in tenebris* (Lat.), in a
state of doubt;/>n)H.te-ng-.
intens., intensive, intens-
ative.
inter/*, to bury; -red*,
-ring*.
inter, (typ.), abbr. for in-
terrogation mark.
interl* (Lat), between;
— alia*, among other
things ; — aiiOS *, among
other persons ; — canem
et lupum, between the
dog and the wolf.
interest, abbr. int. ; in Fr.
m. intSreL
interim * (Lat.), meanwhile
(ital.).
interim (in the)* (not
ital.).
interior, abbr. int.
interjection, abbr. int., or
interj.
interleaf*, an extra leaf,
usually blank, inserted
between the regular
leaves of a book (O.E.D.);
pi. interleaves*.
interiigner (Fr. typ.), to
insert leads.
interlinear matter (typ.),
small type between lines
of larger {see also quota-
tions).
intermarr/iage*, -y*
(one w^ord).
intermedi/um*, pi. -a*
(not ital.).
in terminis* (Lat), in
express terms.
intermit/ *, -ted *, -ting *.
Internat (Fr., Gen), board-
ing-school (Ger. cap.).
internationalize*, wo^ise.
inter nos * (Lat), between
ourselves.
interoceanic * (one word).
interpose*, not en-.
interpret*, not en-.
i8a
INTERPRETER — I.O.Q.T.
interpreter*, abbr. int.
Interpunktion (Ger. typ.
f.), punctuation (cap.).
interregnum/*, pi. -s *
(not ital.).
interrog., interrogation,
-ative, -atively.
interrogation point (?),
abbr. inter, (see punc-
tuation, XVIII).
la terrorem* (Lat.), as a
warning,
interrupter*, not -or.
interj se* (Lat.), among,
or between, themselves ;
— vivos, during lifetime,
interspacing of letters
(typ.), shown in MS. by a
line between each, and in
margin :^.
in testimonium (Lat.), in
witness.
inthra/1, -U, use enthral*.
not-U. »
intitule*, etc., not en-, bui
entitle*,
into (typ.), not to be
divided.
intonaco*, plaster surface
forfrescopainting,«o/-ico.
in totol* (Lat.), entirely;
— — cxlo, as far as
possible.
intraj (Lat.), within; —
muros, privately.
intrans., intransitive.
in trans,, in transitu (on
the way).
intransigent* (adj.), irre-
concilable ; in Fr. in-
transigeantim. and adj.)
(no accent).
in transitu* (Lat.), on the
way ; abbr. in trans.
intrap, use en- *.
intra vires (Lat.), within
one's powers.
intreat, use en- *.
intrench, use en- *.
intrigantl*{Fr.),/em. -e*,
intriguer (ital.).
introduction, abbr. in-
trod. {see also prelim-
inary matter).
183
intrust, use en- *.
intuitu (Lat.), in respect of.
intussuscept*.
intwine,intwist,MStfen-*.
inuendo, use inn- *.
inure*, not en-.
inf usu (Lat.), in use ; --
Utero, in the womb ; —
utroque jure, under
both laws(canon and civil) .
iny., invenit (designed it),
invented, -or, invoice.
in\ vacuo* (Lat.), in
empty space ; — vadio,
in pledge.
Invalides (H6tel des),
Paris.
inveigh*, not en-,
inveigle*, «o/en-.
invenit (Lat.), designed it ;
abbr. inv.
invented, abbr. inv.
inventor*, «o^-er;abbr.
inv.
in ventre (Lat.), in the
womb.
Inveraray, the Duke of
Argyll's residence (not
^ -ry).
Inverness-shire (hy-
phen).
Invertebrata*, is plural.
inverted commas {see
quotation marks).
Inverurie, Aberdeen.
in vino Veritas (Lat.), a
drunken man speaks the
truth.
invoice, abbr. inv.
involucre*(bot.)(notital.).
in wall, use en- *.
inweave*, not en-.
inwind, inwrap, in-
wreathe, use en- *.
I.O., India OflBce.
io* (Gr., Lat.), exclamation
of triumph (ital.).
iodine*, symbol I*.
I.O.F., Independent Order
of Foresters ; I. of A.,
Instructor of Artillery;
I. of M., Instructor of
Musketry; I.O.G.T., In-
dependent Order of Good
I.O.M. — ISIi.
Templars ; I.O.M., Isle
of Man.
Ion., Ionic,
ionicize*, not -ise.
ionize* (phys.), to convert
into an ion, not -ise.
I.O.O.F., Independent
Order of Odd Fellows.
I.O.R., Independent Order
of Rechabites.
iota*, the Gr. » (0 (no dot).
IOU*,Ioweyou (no points).
low^a, offic. abbr. la.
I.P.D. (Sc. law), In prx-
sentia Domtnorunt (in the
presence of the Lords [of
Session]).
ipecacuanha* (bot.,raed.).
i.p.i., in partibus infideliunt
(in the regions of un-
believers).
ipomoea* (bot.), not -aea,
-ea.
ipse]* (Lat.), himself; —
dixit* f a dogmatic asser-
tion.
ipslsslma verba (Lat.),
the very words.
ipso] facto* (Lat.), by the
fact itself; — jure, by
the law itself.
y.g., idem quod (the same
as ) ; /. q, e. d. , id quod erat
demonstrandum (that
which was to be proved).
Iquique, Chile ; pron. e-
kee'kay.
I.R., Inland Revenue.
Ir*, iridium.
Ir., Irish.
trade* (Turk.), a written
decree signed by the
Sultan himself, not-t (not
cap.).
Iran/, local name for Persia;
-ian*, -ic*, abbr. Iran.
IrawadLi, river in Burma,
not Irrawaddy.
I.B..B., Irish Republican
Brotherhood.
Ireland, abbr. Ire.
Irena, Ireland personified.
irenicon, use ei- *.
iridescence*, etc.
iridium*, symbol Ir*.
iris/, pi. -es.
Irish, abbr. Ir.
Irishism*, not Iricism.
Irkutsk, E. Siberia, not
Irkoo-, Irkou-.
Irlams - o' - th* - Height,
town near Manchester.
iriandaise (a /*) (Fr.), in
Irish style (I.e. »).
ironclad* (one word).
iron-mould*, not -mold
(hyphen).
ironwork* (one word).
Irra"svaddy, ws^Irawadi.
irreconcilable *, not
-eable, -iable.
irrefragable*, «o/-ible.
irreg., irregular, -ly.
irrelevant*.
irresistibl/e*, -y*, not
-able, -y.
Irrtiimer vorbebaltea
(Ger.), errors excepted.
I.S., Irish Society.
Is., Isaiah.
Isaian*, of the prophet
Isaiah, not Isaiahian.
I.S.C, Indian Staff Corps.
-ise, in accordance with the
practice of the O.E.D.,
the following words in
this book end in -ise : -ize
being generally used: —
advertise *, affranchise *,
apprise * (to inform), chas-
tise *, circumcise *, com-
prise*, compromise *, de-
mise*, despise*, devise*,
disfranchise *, disguise *,
emprise *, enfranchise *,
enterprise*, excise*, ex-
ercise *, franchise *, im-
provise*, incise*, manu-
mise*, merchandise*,
premise * (logic and
verb), prise* (to ' force
open), reprise*, seise*
(law), supervise*, sur-
mise*, surprise*.
Iseult, Tristram's lady-
love, not the many varia-
tions.
isl., island, -s, isle, -s.
X84
ISLAM — IVAN
Islam*, the Moham. re-
ligion ; pron, iss'lam (not
ital.).
island/, -s, abbr. I., o^'isl. ;
(typ.) when with name
to have cap.,asCapeVerd
Islands, Isle of Man. In
Fr. f. lie.
Island (Ger. n.), Iceland;
Islander, an Icelander.
Islay, Argyl, not Isla;
pron. I 'la.
isle/, -s, abbr. I., or isl.
Isle of/ Man.abbr. I.O.M.;
Wight, abbr. I. W.
Isleworth, pron. i'zel-.
isn't*, is not; (typ.) to be
' close up.
I.S.O. (Companion of the)
Imperial Service Order.
isobar* (meteor.), not -re
(not ital.).
isola (It.), island.
Iso/ld, -It, -Ite, -ulde, use
laeult.
isosoeles * (geom.).
Ispravnlk (Russ.), local
chief official, not ispraw-.
I spy. game, use hy-spy*.
ist (Ger.), is.
Istdmbul, name on coins
of Constantinople.
I.T., Indian Territory, N.
Amer. ; offic. abbr.Ind.T.
It., Italian, Italy.
ital., italic.
Italian* (typ.),same alpha-
bet as Eng., omitting
k, w, X, y. Punctuation
nearly as Fr. Letter/ a
vowel when at end of
word, as iempj ; the /
sounding like e-e quick-
ly pronounced together.
There are two accents,
grave * and acute ' : any
vowel may have either.
Plural of nouns is formed
by changing the final
o or ^ into i ; fem. nouns
ending in a change it to e.
The apostrophe is fre-
quently used for the vowel
at the end of a word when
the next word begins with
a vowel ; a space is put be-
tween the apostrophe and
the next word. Division
of words as in French ;
abbr. It.
italic* (typ.), a style of
type as this, in which the
letters slope upwards to the
right. Marked in MS. by
one line underneath. It
should be used only for :
(i) words and phrases
not naturalized (as marked
in this work by being
printed in clarendon
italic type)j (2) giving
emphasis, (3) hot. and
zool. species, and genera,
not the larger divisions,
(4) words or letters, men-
tioned by name, as the
adjective ^oorf, the letter a,
etc., (5) for distinguishing
Eng. and foreign words
spelt alike. There is no
ital. in Ger. or Gr,, letters
being interspaced in-
stead ; abbr. ital, {See
also quotation marks.)
italice (Lat.), in Italian.
italicize*, to print in
italic type, not -ise.
Italien (Ger. n.), Italy ;
ItallenerCm.), an Italian.
itallenne {h /') (Fr.), in
Italian style (I.e. i).
Italiot*, of the Gr. colony
in S. Italy, not -ote.
itallque (Fr. m.), italic type;
(f.) italic letter. .
Italy, abbr. It. ; in Ger. n.
Italien.
item*, a separate thing.
/telli*(Lat.), also, likewise.
it in., itinerary.
it is I, it is me, both per-
missible in speech, but lat-
ter should not be printed.
its*, pronoun (no apos.).
it's,it is ; (typ.)to be close up.
Ivan/ (Russ. name), not
I wan ; — Grozny, ' • the
terrible " Tsar, 1530-84.
185
rVANOVITCH — I ZINGARI
Ivanovitch (Ivan), nick- Ivybridge, Devon (one
name for a Russian, as in word).
Eng. John Bull. I."W., Isle of Wight.
I*ve*, I have; (typ.) to be I.X., lesus Christus (Jesus
close up. Christ).
ivied*, clothed with ivy, I.Y., Imperial Yeomanry.
not ivyed. -ize, see -ise.
ivy*, pi. ivies*. I Zingari, cricket club.
1 86
I NOTES
187
I NOTES
l88
J. — JAKOBUS
J., judge, judex (judge),
(after judge's name) Jus-
tice, (elec.) joule, all
proper names with this
initial ; it is not used in
the numeration of series ;
(Ger.) Jahr (year) ; pron.
in Eng. dzh, Fr. zh, Ger.
y, Sp. h.
J, (math.) a Jacobian de-
terminant, (phys.) Joule's
' mechanical equivalent of
heat.
j (med. prescriptions), one.
/. (Fr.),yaMr«a/ (newspaper).
Ja (Ger.), yes ; pron. yah.
J.A., Judge-Advocate.
Jabalpur, use Jubbul-
pore.
Jablochkojff candle.
jabot* (Fr. dress, m.), a
shirt frill.
Jac, Jacobus (James).
jacana*, an aquatic bird,
no/ jaf-, jass-.
jacconet, use j&co-*.
Jacbt (Ger. f. ), yacht (cap. ).
jackanapes * (one word),
jackass*, a male ass.
Jacke{Ger. f.),jacket(cap.).
Jack-in-the-box* (hy-
phens).
Jack Ketch*, the hang-
man, not — Ca-, — Ki-.
Jackson ( T. J., or
" Stonewall"), 1824-63.
Jaeob/ean*, of James I,
noi -aean {see also -ian).
Jacobi (C. T.), 1853-,
writer on printing ; —
(K.G. J.), 1804-51, Ger.
math., pron. ja'kO-bS, in
Ger. yah-ko'bg.
Jacob/ian* (math.) {see
also -ean).
Jacobin*, not -ine.
Jacobus, Lat. for James ;
abbr. Jac.
jaconet*, «o/ jacc-.
Jacq. (hot.), J. F. Jacquin,
1 766-1839 ; or N. J. Jac-
quin, 1727-1817.
Jacquard loom * (cap.).
Jacquemart (Jules),
1837-80, Fr. etcher.
Jacques Bonhomme,
good fellow James, pop-
ular name for Fr. peasant.
facta est alea (Lat.), the
die is cast.
jactation*, boasting.
jactitation* (path.), rest-
less tossing of the body.
Jaeger clothing.
J.A.G., Judge- Advocate-
General.
Jagerl* (Ger. m.), hunts-
man, rifleman ; /ent. -in,
not Y- (cap.).
jag/gemaut, -anath, use
juggernaut*.
jagbire*, Ind. land tenure,
not -gheer, -geer, -gir.
Jahn (F. L.), 1778-1852,
"Turnvater" (father of
gymnastics).
Jabrj (Ger. n.), year, pi. -e,
abbr. J. («o/ Ja-); -bucbj
n. year-book; -esbericht,
m. annual report (caps.).
jabrlich (Ger. adj.), annual.
Jahveh*, used by Bib.
critics for Jehovah*.
Jahvism*, religion of
Jahveh, not -vehism,
-veism, Yahwizm.
jail/*, -er*, preferred to
gaol/, -er.
Jaipur, Ind., not Jey-
pore.
Jakob, Ger. for Jacob,
James; pron. yah-.
Jakobstad, Finland.
Jakobstadt, Courland.
Jakobus {der Heillge)
(Ger.), St James.
189
JAKUTSK — JAUNE
Jakutsk, use Y-.
Jalal/abad, -pur, Ind.
Jalandhar, India, not
Jullundur.
jalloped (her.), wattled,
«s^ jol-*.
jalousie*, external win-
dow shutter.
jam/*, to pack tightly, not
jamb; -med*, -ming*
{see a/50 jamb).
Jam., Jamaica.
jama*, Ind. gown, not -ah,
jarama, -h.
jamadar, use Je- *.
Jamaica*, abbr. Jam.
jam.b*, a side post, as of
a door {see also jam).
jambonj (Fr. cook, m.), a
ham ; -neatly small ham.
James, abbr. J., or Jas.
Jamesone (George),
1588-1644, Sc. painter.
Jajneson raid, S. Africa,
1895-6.
Jameson's whisky, not
Jamie-.
James's Day* (St.), 25
July (caps., apos.).
Jamidarf use jema-*.
Jamieson (tfohn), 1759-
1838, Sc. lexicographer
{see also Jam.es-).
jam satis (Lat.), enough
by this time.
Jan.*, January.
jane, a fabric, m5? jean*,
janizary*, Turk, soldier,
not -issary.
Jan Mayen, Arctic island.
Janotha (Nathalie),
1856-, pianist.
Janowski (D.), 1868-,
chess player.
Jansen (Cornelius),
1585-1638, founder of
the Jansenists.
Janssen (Cornelius),
1590 -1665, painter; —
(P.J.C.),i824-, Fr.astr.
Janssens (Abraham),
1569-1631, Du. painter.
j anty, use j aunty *.
January*, abbr. Jan.*
Janvier (Fr. m.), January;
abbr. janv. (not cap.).
Jap*, a Japanese ',pl. -s (no
point).
Japan*, abbr. Jap. ; native
name Nippon.
japan/*, -ned*, -ner*,
-ning* (not cap.\
Japanese/ *, abbr. Jap. ; —
alphabet, has many
diflFerent characters, but
no explanation is here
possible ; — paper,
hand-made in Japan with
vellum surface. Used for
proofs of etchings and
engravings.
japanize*, to make Japan-
ese, not -onize, -ise.
Japheth, son of Noah.
Jaques, in "As You Like
It" ; pron. ja'qufiz.
jar/*, -red*, -ring*.
Jardin des Plantes,
Paris, bot. and zool.
gardens.
jardinihre* (Fr. f.), orna-
mental flower-pot.
jargon*, a mineral, not
-oon.
jargonelle*, a pear, not
-el (not ital.).
jargonize*, etc., to talk
jargon, not -ise.
jarl*, old Dan. chieftain,
not y- ; pron. yarl.
Jaroslav, Russ., use Y-.
jarrah*, mahogany gum-
tree.
jarvey/*, car-driver, not
-vie, -vy ; pi. -s.
Jarvie (Bailie Nicol), in
-'Rob Roy."
Jas., James.
jasey*, a wig, not -sy, -zey,
-zy-
Jashar (Book of), in
Revised Version, not -er.
Jasmin (Jacques), 1798-
1864, Gascon poet,
jasmine* (bot.), not -in,
jessamine, -in.
jaune* (Fr. m., and adj.),
yellow.
190
JAUNPUR — JESS
Jaunpur, N.W. India.
jaunty*, not }an-.
Jav., Javanese,
javelle ■water, a bleacher,
jaw-bone* (hyphen).
fa wohl (Ger.), quite so.
J.C., Julius Caesar, Juris-
consultus (jurisconsult),
Justice-Clerk.
J.-C. (Fr.), Jesus-Christ
(Jesus Christ) (hyphen).
J.C.D., Juris Civilis Doctor
(Doctor of Civil Law).
J.D., Junior Deacon, —
Dean, Jurutn Doctor
(Doctor of Laws).
je (Fr.), I, not cap. except
' at beginning of sentence,
or after full stop.
JeafFreson (J. Ckjrdy),
1831-1901, writer.
jean*, a twilled cotton,
not jane ; pron. jane.
Jeanne/ d'Arc (Fr.), Joan
of Arc ; properly ' —
Dare.
Jean Potage, nickname
for a Frenchman.
Jeddah, Red Sea, use
Ji-.
Jeden falls (Ger.), in any
case.
Jeejeebhoy (Sir Jamset-
jee), 1 783-1859, Indian
philanthropist.
Jefferies (Richard),
1848-87, naturalist.
Jeffrey(Lord),i773-i85o,
critic.
Jeffreys (George,
Baron), 1648-89, the
infamous judge ; — (Miss
Ellis), actress.
Jeffries (Maud), actress.
Jehlam, Punjab, not
Jhelum.
je-ho, call to horses, use
gee-ho*.
Jehovah*, Bib. critics use
Jahveh*.
jehup, call to horses, use
gee-up *.
jejune*, uninteresting (not
ital.).
"Jekyll (Dr.) and Mr.
Hyde (Strange Case
of),** by R. L. Stevenson.
Jelalabad, Afghanistan,
not Jella-.
jelick* (Turk.), woman's
bodice, mo/ jell-.
Jellalabad, use Jela-.
jellify*, to convert into
jelly, not -yfy.
jelly-jash* (hyphen).
Jemadar* (Hind.), native
sepoy officer, not jama-,
jami- (not cap.).
Jemappes (battle of),
1792 ; in Fr. Jemmapes.
Jena, Prussia ; pron. ya'na.
Je/ie/lser(Ger.), inhabitant
of Jena (cap.).
jener (Ger. m.), that, that
one.
je ne saisj quoi* (Fr.), an
indescribable something ;
— — — trop, I don't
exactly know.
Jenissei, use Yenisei.
Jenkin (Fleeming),
1833-85, physicist,
jennet*, a Sp. horse, not
genit, gennet, -tt {see also
genet).
Jenseits (das) (Ger.), the
other world (cap.).
jeopardize*, «o/-ise.
Jephthah, judge of Israel,
jequirity*, a shrub, not
-erity.
Jer., Jeremiah.
jeremiad*, a lamentation,
not -de.
Jerez, Spain, use Xeres.
jerfalcon, ms^ ger-*.
Jeroboam*, wine-bottle
containing 10-12 quarts.
J§r6me Bonaparte, 1784
-i860, bro. of Napoleon 1.
jerry-builder* (hyphen).
jerrymander, use g-*.
Jervaulx Abbey, Yorks,
pron. jar'vis.
Jervis, pron. jar'vis.
Jes., Jesus.
Jesaias, Ger. for Isaiah,
j ess/ *, hawk strap ; pi. -es *.
191
JESSAMIN — JOHN
jessamin/, -e, use jas-
mine*.
Jessopp (Rev. Augustus,
D.D.), 1824-, writer.
Jessor, Bengal.
Jesuits (Order of), So-
ctetas Jesu (Society of
Jesus) ; abbr. S.J.
Jesus*, abbr. J., or Jes.
jet-black* (hyphen).
jet d*eau* (Fr. m.), jet of
water ; pi. jets — *.
jetS (Fr. m.), a dance step.
jet6e (Fr. f.), a jetty.
jetsam* (naut.), goods
thrown overboard, not
-som, -some, -son {see
a/50 jettison).
jettison* (naut.), the act
of throwing goods over-
board {see a/so jetsam).
jetzt (Ger.), now.
jeul* (Fr.m.),game,/./.-x*;
— de mains, a practical
joke ; — demots*, a pun ;
— d* esprit*, a witty
trifle ; — de SC^ne, or
— de tb^atre, claptrap.
jeune premier (Fr.), stage
lover.
jeunesse dorSe (Fr. f.),
gilded youth,
jewel/*, -led *, -ler *,
-lery* (two Ts).
jews* harp*, «o^je w's — ;
pi. je-ws* harps.
Jeypore,India,«5^ Jaipur.
/Aee/*(Ind.),apool, «o/jhil.
Jhelum, Punjab, use Jeh-
1am.
Jhind, Punjab, use Jind.
JHS, use IHS *.
jib*, of a horse, also a sail, not
jibb {see also gibe, gybe),
jibber, to chatter, useg-*,
jibe, see gibe, gybe, jib.
jiblet, use g'*.
Jiddah, Red Sea, not Je-.
jifiy *, a short time, not -ey.
jig-a-jog*, reiteration of
jerky movements, not
jickajog, jigjog.
jigger, W. Ind. insect, use
chigoe*.
jigjog, Ms« jig-a-jog*.
jigot, see gigot.
Jill (Jack and), ws^Gill*.
jilliflo"wer, «5^ gilly-*.
jimcrack, useg-*.
Jind, Punjab, wo/Jh-.
Jingo/*, a blatant patriot;
pi. -es.
jinn*, spirit of Mo ham.
myth., «o^ djinn, ginn.
jinricksha* (Jap.), a ve-
hicle, not jenny-, jinny-,
jinrickshaw, -rickisha,
-ksha.
jiu-jitsu, Jap. phys. culture.
JJ., justices.
Jno., should not be used
for John.
Joao, Port, for John.
Joannes, «s« johan-*.
job (typ.), any work which
makes less than one sheet.
jobbing work (typ.), all
except book and news-
paper work.
jobmaster* (one word).
"Jock o* Hazeldean,"
by Sir W. Scott.
jodel, usey-*.
Jodhpur, Rajpootana.
jog-trot*, without haste,
Mo/job-, jock-, jogg-.
Johann, Ger. for John;
abbr. Joh.
Johannean, of the Apostle
John, use Johannine*.
Johannes*, Port, coin, not
joa- ; abbr. joe.
Johannesburg, S. Africa.
Johannisberg, Prussia.
Johannisberger*, Rhine
wine, «o/-berg (not ital.).
Joliannisfest (Ger.), St.
John's (Midsummer) Day.
John*, abbr. J.: Jno.
should not be used.
John Dory*, a fish, not
— -ey.
Johnny Crapaud, nick-
name for a Frenchman.
John o* Groat's House,
Caithness.
John-o*-th*-Tops, a town
in Lanes (hyphens).
19a
JOHNS — JUEZ
Johns HopkinsUniver-
sity, U.S.A., «o^ John —
— (no apos.).
Johnson (Samuel), 1709-
84, wrote Dictionary,
first edition 1755 {see also
Jonson).
Johnsonese*, a stilted
style, not Jon-.
Johnstone, ^row.john'son.
John the Baptist (caps.).
joint, in Fr. cook. m. rdt,
pi. -s.
joint stock*, joint capital,
etc, but hyphen usual
when used as adjective.
JTokai (Maurus), 1825-
1894, Hun. writer.
jolloped* (her.), wattled,
not ja-.
Jon., Jonathan.
Jonkoping, town in Sw.
jonquil*, a narcissus (not
ital.); in Fr. f. jonquilte.
Jonson (Benjamin —
"Ben"), 1573-1637,
dramatist (see also John-
son).
Jonsonese, ms^ John-*.
Jordaens (Jakob), 1593-
1678, Du. painter.
Jorge, Sp. for George.
** Jorrocks's Jaunts,*' by
R. S. Surtees.
jorum*, a large drinking
vefesel or its contents, not
-am.
Jos., Joseph.
Josephine, first wife of
Napoleon.
Josh., Joshua,
jostl/e*, to push ; -er*,
-ing*, not]\x-.
jot/*, -ted, -ting*,
joule* (physics), unit of
work ; abbr. J.
jour., journal, journey,
-man.
iourj (Fr. m.), day, abbr ./r.;
— de feiCy a festival ;— </e
Van, New Year's Day;
— des morts, All Saints'
Day, I Nov. ; — malgre,
a fast day; k — , open
work ; au four, by day-
light.
journal, abbr. jour.
journlal (Fr. m.), pi. -aux,
newspaper, abbr. /. ; Jour-
nal intlme, a private
diary.
journalize*, to keep a
journal, not -ise.
«« Journal Officiel," the
Fr, ** Gazette" (caps.).
journey/,-man,abbr.jour.
joust, often used for jVLSt*.
Jowari*, Indian millet, not
the many variations.
jowl*, «o^jole.
J.P.*, Justice of the Peace,
(law) corruption for "in
person."
J.K., Jacobus Rex (King
James).
jr., junior, ws^jun.
/r. (Fr.),yoMr(day).
Juan, Sp. for John.
Jubbulpore, «o/ Jabalpur.
Jucbten (Ger. m. or n.),
russia leather (cap.).
juck*, a partridge call, not
juke.
J.tJ.D., Juris utn'usque
Doctor (Doctor of both
civil and canon law).
Jud., Judith.
jud., judicial.
judaize*, to make Jewish.
Judean, of Judea, not -aean.
Judendeutsch (Ger. n.),
Yiddish ; Judenbetze,
Jew-baiting.
/w</ejf(Lat.), judge ; abbr. J.
Judge/, abbr. J. ; ^ -Ad-
vocate/, abbr. J.A. ; —
— - General, abbr.
J.A.G. (caps., hyphens).
Judges (Old Test.), not
to be abbreviated.
judgment, not judge-:.
Judgment Day (caps.).
judicial/, abbr. jud. ;
-ize*, to treat judicially.
judicium Dei (Lat.),
judgment of God. .
Judith, abbr. J., or Jud.
Jue\x (Sp.), judge;//, -ces.
^93
13
JUG — JUSTICIAR
jug/*, -ged*, -ging*.
Jugef de paix (^Fr. m.),
justice of the peace ; —
d* instruction y examin-
ing magistrate.
juggernaut*, not jagg-,
jagannath, jagnath (not
ital.).
jugular* vein.
juillet (Fr. m.), July (not
cap.).
juin (Fr. m.), June (not
cap.).
juke, M5.?juck*.
julep*, a drink, not -ap, -eb.
Julian/, "the Apostate,"
331-63 ; — Alps, E.
Switz.
Julien(S. A.), 1799-1873,
Fr. Chinese scholar.
Julien (Saint-), a claret
(hyphen).
julienne* (Fr. f.), a thin
soup, also a pear.
Jullien (Louis Antoine),
1812-60, mus. conductor.
Jullundur, use Jalan-
dhar.
July, not to be abbrevi-
ated.
jumbal*, a sweet cake, not
-ble (not ital.).
Jumelle* (Fr. f. pi.),
opera- glass.
Jun., Junius.
jun.*, junior.
junctim, compromise be-
tween Austrian political
parties.
junction, abbr. junc.
June, not to be abbreviated.
Jange (Ger. m.), boy, ap-
prentice ; JUnger, dis-
ciple ; Jangling f young
man (cap.).
junior, abbr. jun.*, not
jnr., jr., junr. ; J. Smith,
jun., Esq., not Esq., jun.
Junlcer* (Ger. m.), a young
squire or noble (cap.).
junket/*, -ed, -ing*.
junta* (It., Sp.), an
assembly (not ital.).
Junto, the Whig chiefs in
reigns of William and
Anne,
junto*, a club or assembly
(not ital.\
jupe* (Fr. dress, f.), jupon*
(m.), a skirt or petticoat.
Jurassic* (cap., not ital.).
jurel divino* (Lat.), by
divine right ; — liumano,
by^uman law.
Juris utriusque Doctor
(Lat.), Doctor of both
civil and canon law ; abbr.
J.U.D.
jurisp., jurisprudence.
Jus (Fr. cook, m.), gravy.
jusj canonicum (Lat.),
canon law ; — civile,
civil — ; — divinum,
divine — ; — gentium,
law of nations ; — gladii,
the right of the sword.
Jusjurandum, an oath.
Jusj mariti (Lat.), right of
husband to wife's pro-
perty ; — natures t law
of nature.
jusqu'k (Fr.), to, until.
Jusque ik (Fr.), so far.
Jus relictse (Lat.), right of
the widow.
Jussieu (Adrien de),
1797-1853, bot., abbr.
Juss. ; — (Ant Dine
Laurent de), 1748-
1836, bot.
Just., Justinian,
just/*, a knightly combat ;
-er*, -ing* ; but joust
often used.
Juste milieu (Fr. m.), the
golden mean.
Justice, a judge ; abbr.
J., pi. JJ.
Justice- Clerk* (Lord),
second highest Sc. judge
(caps.); abbr. J.C.
Justice - General *
(Lord), highest Sc. judge
(caps.).
Justice of the Peace,
abbr. J.P.*
justiciar/*, -y*, a judge,
not -er, -itiar (not ital.).
194
JUSTICIARY — J*Y
Justiciary (High Court
of)*, supreme Sc. criminal
court,
Justiening (Ger. typ.),
justification.
justification* (typ.)> the
even and equal spacing
of words and lines to
a given measure.
justify* (typ.), to space
out properly a line of
type in the compos-
ing stick ; so to adjust
types of smaller and
larger bodies that they
exactly range.
Justinian, abbr. Just,
just/itiar, use -iciar*.
Justlz (Ger. f.), justice,
justle, use joa-*.
Jusioj tempore (Lat.), at
the right time ; — titulo,
lawfully,
jut/*, -ted, -ting*,
juvenesoen/ce*, -t.
i*y suis etjy reste (Fr.),
here I am and here I
stay.
J95
13*
J NOTES
m^ ^
J NOTES
197
K. — KARLOWITZ
K., king, -s, the tenth in
a series, all proper names
with this initial, (assay-
ing) carat.
K (astr.), the solar constant,
(chem.) kalium (potas-
sium), (chess) king, (elec.)
capacity.
k. (meteor.), cumulus.
k* (astr.), Gauss's constant
(ital.).
K.A. (Russ.), Knight of
St. Andrew.
Kaaba, the most sacred
shrine at Mecca, use C-.
kaan, ws^khan*.
kaava, use kava*.
kabbala, usee-*.
Kabul, Afghan., not C-.
kadi. Oriental judge, use
cadi*.
Kafir*, not KaflF-, Caffre.
kaftan, use c- *.
kaiak,kaik, ms^ caique*.
kail, 5^^ kale*.
kaiman, use cay-*.
kainozoic, use c- *.
Kaiser* (Ger. m.), em-
peror ;/>roM. ky'zr(cap.,not
ital.) {see also Qaisar).
kakemono* (Jap.), a
wall-picture.
kale/*, the cabbage genus;
yard *, a cabbage gar-
den, kail-yaird only in
strict Scotch.
kaleidoscop/e*, -ic*.
kalend/8B, -ar, -s, use c-*.
"Kalevala", national epic
of Finland, not -wala.
kali/f, -ph, use caliph*.
kalium (Lat.), potassium ;
symbol K.
kalmia* (bot.), not c-.
Kalmucks, Mo/-muks, C-.
kamarband, use cum-
merbund*.
Kamboja, use Cam-
bodia.
Kamchadale, inhab. of
Kamchatka.
Kamchatka, E. Siberia,
not Kams-, -mtchatka,
-mtschatka.
Kamerun, German Africa,
not Cameroons.
Kamschatka, use
Kamch-.
kamsin, use kh- *.
K.A.N. (Russ.), Knight of
St. Alexander Nevskoi.
Kan., Kansas (off. abbr.).
Kanaka*, a Hawaiian, not
-acka, -aker, -ak, Canaker.
Kanara, Bombay, not C-.
kanaster, a tobacco, use
C-*.
Kandahar, not C-.
Kanon (Ger. typ. m.), a 36-
point type ; Qross — , a
40-point type.
Kans/as, off. abbr. Kan. ;
adj. -an.
Kant (Immanuel), 1724-
1804, Ger. philosopher.
Kapitaiclien (Ger. typ. n.),
small capitals (cap.).
Kapitel (Ger. u.), chap-
ter (cap.).
kapp*, a magnetic unit.
Kapurthala, Punjab.
K.A.H., King's African
Rifles.
Karachi, use Kurraehee.
Karakoram Mts., Tibet,
not -um.
karat, use c-*.
karij (Fr. cook.), curry (not
cap.) ; — a Findienne,
Indian curry (not cap. /)
(see also karri, kauri),
karkee, use khaki *.
Karlovingian, use C-*.
Karlowitz,Ms^ Carlovitz.
198
KARLSBAD — KEEP
Karls/bad,-krona,-ruhe,
etc., not C-.
karma* (Budd.), destiny,
not -an.
Karnatic, not C-.
Karpathian Mts., not C-.
karri*. Austral, blue gum-
tree, not kari (see also
karl, kauri).
karsimer, use cassi-
mere*.
Kartoum, use Kh-.
Kashmer, India, not C-.
Kassel, Germany, not C-.
katalytic, t4se o-*. ^
Kathay, use C-.
Kathiawar, Bombay, not
Kattywar.
kathode, use c- *.
katioD, use 0-*.
ka-tou, «5^ kotow*.
katsup, see ketchup.
Kauffmann (Angelica),
1741-1807, painter.
Kaufmann (C. von),
1818-82, Russ. General.
kauri*, N. Zealand con-
iferous tree, etc., not
cowdi, -ri, -ry, kourie,
kowrie (not ital.) {see also
cowrie, karl, karri).
kava*, Polynesian in-
toxicant, not ava, cava,
kaava, kawa.
kavass*, Turkish police
officer, not cavash, -ass,
kawass, kouas, kervas.
kayak/*, Eskimo canoe,
not -iak, -jak, -yack, kiak,
kyack ; -er*, -ing*.
Kazan, E. Russia, KO^Kas-.
K.B., King's Bench,
Knight Bachelor; K.B.A.
(Port.), Knight of St.
Benedict of Avis; K.B.E.
(Russ.), ditto Black Eagle.
K.C., King's College, —
Counsel, (Turk.) Knight
of the Crescent ; K.C.B.*,
Knight Commander of
the Bath ; K.C.C.
(Belgium and Congo Free
State), ditto (Order of the)
Crown ; K.C.H., ditto
Hanoverian Guelphic
Order; K.C.I.E., ditto
Indian Empire ; K.C.Xj.,
King's College, London ;
K.C.M.G., Knight Com-
mander of (the Order of)
St. Michael and St.
George ; K.C.S., Knight
of Charles III of Spain ;
K.C.S.I., Knight Com-
mander of the Star of
India; K.C.V.O., ditto
Royal Victorian Order.
K.D.G., King's Dragoon
Guards.
K.E. (Den.), Knight of
the Elephant.
Kead mile f ailte romhat,
use C- .
Kean (Charles John),
1811-68 ; —(Edmund),
1 787- 1833, actors (see also
Keene).
Keane (Lord. John),
1781-1844, General.
" Kearsarge," Amer. ship;
pron. keer'sarj {g soft).
Keb. Coll., Keble College,
Oxford.
keblahy useki-*,
kedgeree* (cook.), a dish
of rice, fish, etc., «o/ the
many variations (not ital.).
Kedleston, Derby; pron.
kel'sn.
Kedron, Jerusalem, use
Ki-.
keelhaul*, not -hawl (one
word).
keelson, «5^ kelson*.
Keene (Prof. Charles
Haines), 1847 -, writer ;
— (Charles Samuel),
1823-91, black and white
artist ; — (Henry
George), 1781-1864,
writer (see also Kean).
keep/ down (typ.), to use
caps, sparingly ; — in, to
set type closely, so as to
take little space ; — out,
reverse ditto.
keepsake* (one word).
keep standing (typ.), the
[99
KEEP — K.F.M.
type not to be distributed
pending possible reprint-
ing ; keep up, to keep
standing, also to use caps.
freely.
keerie, use kerrie *.
keffiyeb*, Bedouin Arab
head-dress, noi the many
variations.
Keighley, Yorks ; pron.
keeth'le.
Keightley (Thomas),
1 789-1872, writer.
Keim (Theodor), 1825-
78, Ger. theologian.
Kekul^ (P. A.), 1829-96,
chemist.
kell/eck, -ick (naut.), use
kiUick*.
Kellnerj (Ger.), /em. -in,
waiter (cap.).
Kelljr*s Directories.
Kelmscott Press, 1890-8,
founded by W. Morris.
kelpie*, a water-spirit,
not -y.
Kelsale, Suffolk.
Kelsall, Cheshire,
kelson* (naut.), inboard
keel, noi keel-.
Kelt/, -ic, -icism, use
C-*.
kelter*, good condition; in
Amer. kilter*.
Kempis (Thomas k),
1379-147 1> writer.
Kenia (Mount), E. Afr.,
not -ya.
Kenmare, Kerry.
Kenmore, Perth.
Kennard (Sir C. A. P.),
1885- (see also Kin-
naird, Kynnaird).
Kennaway (Sir John).
kennel/*, -led*, -ling*, not
-eled, -eling.
Kenney (James), 1780-
1849, I^' dramatist.
Kenno"way, Fife.
Kent's Bank, Lanes
(apos.).
Kentucky, ofiBc. abbr.Ky.
Kenwig^ (Morleena), in
" Nicholas Nickleby."
kephalic/, -al, use c-*.
kepi* (Fr. m.), military
cap.
Kepler (Johann), 157 1-
1630, astr., not Kepp-.
keramic, etc., use c-*.
kerb/, -stone, not ki-, more
tisual than curb/ *.
Kerguelen Island.
kermis* (Arab.), a fair or
entertainment, not -ess,
kirmess (see also ku-
miss).
kern* (typ.), the part of
a qietal type projecting
beyond the body, as the
curled tail of /; also to
furnish with a kern
(O.E.D.).
kerned* (typ.), said of a
type which has any part
of the face projecting
beyond the body.
kemell/ed*, -y *, not -eled,
-ely.
kerrie* (S. Afr.), a knobbed
stick, not -y, keerie.
kerseymere, use cassi-*.
Kertch, Odessa.
ketch* (naut.), a two-
masted vessel.
Ketch (Jack)*, the hang-
man, not Ca-, Ki-.
ketchup *, more usual than
catchup*.
kettledrum* (one word).
Keuper* (geol.), pron.
koi'pr (cap., not ital.).
key, a wharf, use
quay*.
keyboard* (mus.,etc.)(one
word).
key-bugle* (hyphen).
keyhole* (one word).
key-note* (hyphen).
Keys (House of), Isle of
Man (caps.) ; abbr. H.K.
keystone* (one word).
Key West, Florida (two
words).
K.P. (Sp.), Knight of Fer-
dinand ; K.P.M. (Sicily),
ditto St. Ferdinand and
Merit.
K.G. — KILOMETRE
K.G.*, Knight of the (Order
of the) Garter; kg.*,
kilogram ; K.G.C.
(U.S.A.), Knight of the
Golden Circle, ditto
Grand Cross; K.G.E.
(Ger.), ditto Golden
Eagle ; K.G.P. (Aus.,
Sp.), ditto Golden Fleece;
kgl. (Ger.), koniglichj, -e,
-er, -es (royal) ; K.G.V.
(Sw.), Knight of Gustavus
Vasa.
K.H.*, Knight of (the
Guelphs of) Hanover.
Khaiber Pass, Afghan.
khaki*, not -kee, kaki,
karkee, kharkie.
khal/eefate, -ifat, use
caliphate*,
khalif/, -a, use caliph*,
khamsin*, Egyptian hot
wind, not ka-, -seen.
khan*, not chan, kaan.
Khartoum, not Kartum.
Khayyam (Omar),
io5o?-ii22, Pers. poet.
K.H.C., Honorary Chaplain
to the King,
khedival*, of the khedive,
not -ial.
khedivate *, government
of khedive, not -iate.
khediv/e *, /^m. -a*, ruler
of Egypt (not cap.).
kbidmutgar* (Ind.), a
male waiter, not the many
variations.
K.H. P., Honorary Physi-
cian to the King.
K.H.S., Honorary Surgeon
to the King.
Khyber Pass, use Khai-.
kiak, use kayak *.
kiblab*, the point to which
Mohammedans turn in
prayer, not ke-.
kick-off* (foot.) (hyphen).
kickshaw*, a trifle (one
word).
kldmutgar, use kbid- *.
kidnap/*, -ped*, -per*,
-ping*, not -aped, etc.
kidney bean* (two words).
Kidron, Jerusalem, not Ke-.
Kieff, S.E. Russia, use
Kiev.
Kielland (A. L.), 1849-,
Norwegian writer.
Kierkegaard (Soren
Aaby), 1813-55, Danish
writer.
Kieseritzki gambit,
chess opening, not Keis-.
Kiev, S.E. Russia, not -eff,
-ew.
kil., kilderkin.
Kilauea, volcano in
Hawaii, not -aua.
kilerg* (physics), measure
of work (not ital.).
Kilima-Njaro (Mount),
E. Afr. (two caps., hy-
phen).
Killala, Mayo, also Bp. of.
Killaloe, Clare, also Bp. of.
Killaloo, Londonderry.
Killea, Londonderry.
Killeagh, Cork.
Killen, Ross-shire.
Killianwala, use Chili-
anwallah.
killick*, a stone used as
anchor, not -ock, kelleck,
-ick.
Killiecrankie, Perth.
Kniin, Perth.
Killylea, Armagh.
Killyleigh, Down.
"Kilmansegg (Miss),**
by T. Hood, 1828, not -eg.
kilogram*, 2-205 lb.
nearly ; off. spelling in
Acts of Parliament, and
by Board of Trade, not
-mme ; abbr. kg.*, or
kilo* (no point).
kilogrammetre* (phys.),
measure of work (one
word, not ital.).
kilolitre*, not -er, 1000
litres (not ital.); abbr.
kl.
kilometre*, not-er, 1093-6
yards, nearly five-eighths
of a mile (not ital.) ; in
Er. kilometre ; abbr.
Km. («o/ kilo).
201
KILOMETRIC — KIT'S
kilometric*, of a kilo-
metre (not ital.).
kilowatt* (elec), looo
watts (not ital.) ; abbr. kw.
kilowatt - hour (elec.\
abbr. B.T.U. (Board of
Trade Unit).
kilter* (Amer.), good con-
dition ; in Eng. ke-*.
kimbo (a-) * (hyphen).
Kimeridgian * (geol.)
(cap.).
Kimric, Welsh, use
Cym-*.
kinaesthesis *, the sense
of muscular effort, ttoi
kine-, -ia.
Kincardine-O * Neil,
Aberdeen (hyphen, three
caps.).
kindergarten/*, a school
(not ital., not cap.) ; -er*,
its teacher.
kinematograph, not c-.
King/, -s, abbr. K. ;
(typ.) print as Edward
VII, or the Seventh, not
the VII ; — Charles's
spaniel* (two caps.).
King Cross, Halifax.
kingd., kingdom.
kingfisher* (one word).
Bling-of-Arms*, not — at-
— (hyphens).
King of Glory, as Deity
(caps.).
Kingsale (Baron) {see
also Kinsale^'.
King's Bench*, abbr.
K.B. (apos.).
Kingsborough (Vis-
count).
Kingsburgh (Lord), Lord
Justice-Clerk of Scot-
land.
King's/ College, abbr.
K.C.;— Counsel, K.C.;
— County; — Cross,
London; — evil*, scrof-
ula (apos.).
King's/ Langley, Herts ;
— Lynn, Norfolk (apos.).
Kingsteignton, Devon
(one word^.
Kingston, Jamaica, New
York, Ontario.
Kingstone, Dorset, Here-
ford, Kent, Stafford.
Kiiigston/-on-Hull ; —
-on-Thames (hyphens).
Kingsto^m, Dubhn.
Kington, Hereford.
Kinloss (Baroness).
Kinnaird (Baron) (5^^a/so
Kennard, Kynnaird).
Kinnear (Baron).
Kinnoull (Earl of).
Kinross (Baron).
Kinross-shire (hyphen).
Kinsale, Co. Cork (see also
Kingsale).
Kintyre, Argyl, not Can-
tire.
kiosk * (not ital.).
Kioto, Japan, use Kyoto.
kirb/, -stone, use ke-.
Kirkaldy, testing ex-
perts.
Kirk Braddan, I.O.M.,
not -on.
Kirkcaldy, Fife.
Kirkcudbright, pron. kir-
koo'bre.
BHirkmichael, Ayr, Perth
(one word"*.
Kirk Michael, I.O.M.
(two words).
Kirk Newton, Northum-
berland (two words).
BLirknewton, Midlothian
(one word).
kirk-session*, the lowest
Presbyterian court (hy-
phen).
Kirschwasser *, a cherry
liqueur, not kirschen-.
kismet* (Turk.), fate, not
-at, -ut.
kit-cat*, a portrait 36 x
28 in., not -kat.
kitchen-garden/*, -er*,
-ing*; kitchen-maid*
(hyphens).
kitmutgar, use kbid- *.
Kit's Coity House,
Aylesford, Kent, a dol-
men, not — Coty — ,
— Cotty — .
KIWI — KOHLER
kiwi* (N. Zealand), the
apteryx, not kivi, kiwi-
kiwi ; pron. ky'wS.
K.J., Knight of St. Jo-
achim.
Kjobenhavn, Dan. for
Copenhagen.
k.k. (Ger.), kaisetlich-
kontglichj, -e, -er, -es
(imperial-royal).
K.K.K.
Ku - Klux -
Klan.
K.Ii. (Aus., Belg.), Knight
of Leopold ; kl., kilolitre ;
Kl. (Ger.), Klasse (class) ;
K.Ij.A., Knight of Leo-
pold of Austria ; K.Ij.B.,
ditto Belgium.
kleistogamous, use o-*.
klepsydra, use c-*.
kleptomania*, not c-.
K.Ij.H. (Fr.), Knight of
the Legion of Honour.
klinometer, use c- *.
Klondike, Yukon, Canada,
not -yke.
K.M., Knight of Malta; Km.,
kilometre ; K.Mess.,
King's Messenger ;
K.M.H., Knight of Merit
of Holstein ; K.M.J.
(Bavaria), Knight of Maxi-
milian Joseph ; K.M.T.
(Aus.), ditto Maria The-
resa.
knee-cap*, the patella
(hyphen).
kneel/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Kneipp*^ (Father) water-
cure.
knick-knack* (hyphen),
not nicknack.
knight, abbr. K.*, or Kt.*
{see also "KjA., — A.N.,
-B.,-C.,_E.,-F.,
— G., — H., — J.,_I,.,
— li.H.,— M.,— N.S.,
— of L., _P.,_R.C.,
— R.E., — S., — S.J.,
— T., _W., — W.E.).
Knightbridge, Cam-
bridge professorship, not
Knights-.
knight-errant*, pi.
knights-errant * (hy-
phen).
Knightsbridge, London.
Knights/ of Labour
(U.S.A.), Amer. trade
union, abbr. K. of L. ; —
of Pythias, U.S.A. be-
nevolent soc.,abbr.K.P.,
or K. of P.
knit/*, -ted*, -ting'
(hy-
knitting-needle '■
phen).
knobby*, knob-shaped.
knobkerrie* (S. Afr.,
Austral.), a knobbed stick,
not -keerie, -kerry (not
ital.).
knook/-about (theat.) ; —
-down*, adj. ; knee/ *,
-d* ; out* (hyphens).
KnoUys, pron. nolz.
knot/*, -ted*, -ting*.
knot* (naut.), a speed per
hour, not a distance ;
hence knot an hour erron.
Knowl, Yorks.
Knowle, Glos, Warwick.
knowledgeable *.
K.W.S. (Sw.), Knight of
the (Royal) North Star.
knur/*, a knot; — and
spell, a game, not n-, -rr.
knurl*, a small projection,
not nurl.
Knut, use Cnut.
K.O.B., King's Own Bor-
derers.
Koch (Karl), 1809-79,
botanist; — (Robert),
1843-, bacteriologist.
Kock (Charles Paul de),
1794-1871, writer; —
(Henri de), 1821-92,
writer.
Kodaikanal Observa-
tory, India.
K. of li. (U.S.A.), Knights
of Labour ; K. of P., —
of Pythias (U.S.A. bene-
volent society).
Koh-i-noor* diamond,
not -niir, -nur (hyphens).
Kohler (Reinhold),
1830-92, writer.
ao3
KOHLRABI — K.S.P.
kohlrabi*, a turnip-cab-
bage (one word).
Kolhapur, India, not
Kola-.
Kolliker (R. A.), 1817-,
histologist.
Koln, Ger, for Cologne.
Koloa (Ger. typ.n.), colon
(cap.).
Kolumnenltitel (Ger.
typ. m.), running title ;
•Zifferii.), folio (cap.).
Komma (Ger. typ. n.),
comma (cap.).
Koniggratz, Bohemia, not
-igsgratz.
Konigsberg, E. Prussia.
KonzertJ, -meister (Ger.
m.), 'Stuck (n.), not
Cone-.
koodoo *, S. Afr. antelope,
>iot kudu (not ital.).
koomiss, M5^ku-*.
Koords, use Kurds.
kopeck, use c-*.
Kopfzeite (Ger. typ. f.),
head-line.
kopje* (S. Afr.), a small
hill, not -pjie, -ppie,
-ppje ; pron. k6p'6.
koprolit/e, -h, use c-*.
Koran *, Mohammedan
sacred book.
koran*, S. Afr. bustard.
Korea/, -n, not C-.
Korrektjor (Ger. typ. m.),
corrector of the press ;
-ur (f.), a proof (caps.).
K.O.S.B., King's Own
Scottish Borderers.
kosher*, food prepared
according to the Jewish
law, not coshar, -er, ko-
scher.
kotovp-/*, a Chinese obeis-
ance ; -ing*, -ism*, not
the many variations.
koumiss, use ku- *.
kowrie, use kauri*.
kow-tow, use kotow *.
K.O.Y.L.I., King's Own
Yorkshire Light Infan-
try.
K.P.*, Knight of (the Order
of) St. Patrick; (U.S. A),
Knights of Pythias.
Kr, krypton.
kr., kreuzer.
kraal* (Afr.), village, or
enclosure.
Krafft (Peter), 1 780-1856,
painter.
Krakatoa (Mount),
Straits of Sunda, not -au.
Krakow,Poland, «o/Crac-. *
Krapotkine (Prince
Peter), 1842-, writer, «o/
Kro-, -in.
K.R.C., Knight of the Red
Cross ; K.R.E., ditto
Red Eagle,
kreese, use c- *.
Krefeld, Germany, offic.
K-, usually C-.
Krehbiel (H. E.), 1854-,
writer on music.
Kremlin, Moscow citadel,
kremlin *, any Russ. cita-
del (not cap.).
kreosote, use c-*.
kreuzer*, Aus. and Ger.
coin, one-fifth penny ;
abbr. kr. ; pron. kroi'tzr.
Kriegsminister (Ger. m.).
Minister of War (cap.,
one word).
Kriegsplel* (Ger. n.), the
war game.
Jtr/s, use creese*,
kromesquis, use c-.
Krone/*, Aus. silver coin,
lod. Eng., Ger. gold coin,
los. Eng. ; pi. -n.
Kroo*, W. Afr. negro, not
-ou, -u (not ital.).
Kropotkine (Prince),
use Kra-.
K.R.R., King's Royal
Rifles; K.R.R.C., ditto
Rifle Corps.
Kru, use Kroo*.
Krupp, Essen, Germany,
krypton*, not c-; symbol
Kr.
K.S., King's Scholar,
(Sw.) Knight of the
Sword ; K.S.A. (Russ.),
ditto of St. Anne; K.S.P.
ao4
K.S.P.M. — KYRLE
(Sp.). ditto San Fernando;
K.S.F.M. (Naples), ditto
St. Ferdinand and Merit ;
K.S.G. (Russ.), ditto
St. George ; K.S.H. (Ba-
varia), ditto St. Hubert.
kshatriya* (Ind.), one of
the four great castes, not
-tri, -ttriya.
K.S.J. (Naples), Knight of
St. Januarius ; K.S.Ij.
(Pers.), ditto the Sun
and Lion ; X.Soc, Ka-
mashastra Society ;
K.S.P., Knight of St.
Stanislaus of Poland ;
K.S.S. (Brazil), ditto
Southern Star, ditto
Sword of Sweden ;
K.S.V. (Russ.), ditto
St. Vladimir.
K.T.*, Knight of the (Order
of the) Thistle, — Tem-
plar ; Kt.*, knight ; Kt.
Bach., Knight Bachelor;
K.T.X. (Gr.), kai ta loipa
(and the rest, or etc.);
K.T.S. (Port.), Knight
of the Tower and Sword.
Kuch Behar, India, not
Coo .
kudos* (Gr.), renown (not
ital.).
kudu, use koodoo*.
Kufic, use C- *.
Ku-Klux-Klan*, a
U.S.A. secret society (not
ital.) ; abbr. K.K.K.
kukri* (Ind.), a curved
knife, noi the many varia-
tions.
Kulturkampf der
Me nscbbe it {Ger.), con-
flict against ignorance and
obscurantism.
Kumassi, Ashanti, not
-asi, Coo-, Koo-, -ie.
kumiss*, a preparation of
mares' milk, not the many
variations.
kummel*, a liqueur.
kuminerbund, use c- *.
kupfemickel* (mineral.)
(one^ not cap.).
kupfferite* (mineral. ) (two
/'s).
Kur (Ger. f.), cure (cap.).
Kurds, of Kurdistan, not
Koo-.
kuriologic/, -al, use c-*.
Kurrachee, not Karachi.
Kursaal* (Ger. m.), a hall
(ital., cap.).
Kursivscbrift (Ger.typ.f. ),
italic type.
Kutch, kutch,M5«C-, c-*.
Kuyp, use C-.
kvass* (Russ.), rye beer.
K.W. (Netherlands),
Knight of William; kw.
(elec), kilowatt; K.W.E.
(Poland), Knight of the
White Eagle.
Ky., Kentucky (offic.
abbr.).
Kymric, use C- *.
Kynnaird (Viscount)
{see also Kennard, Kin-
naird).
Kyoto, Japan, not Ki-.
Kyrie eleison* (eccles.),
''Lord, have mercy";
abbr. Kyrie, not — elee-
son.
Kyrie (John), 1637-1724,
"the Man of Ross."
805
K NOTES
ao6
K NOTES
807
I,. — LACY
li,, Lady, Lake, Latin,
Liberal, licentiate, the
eleventh in a series, all
proper names with this
initial, (after titles) Lon-
don, (hot) Linnaeus, (Fr.)
livre (pound), (It.) //>/«, -e
(tenpence), (Lat.) liber (a
book), locus (place),
(theat.) left (from actor's
point of view).
Ii. or £f the form jC to be
used and placed before
figures, as £^o. \i I.
ordered, to be placed after ^
as 50/. {see also punc-
tuation, XXI, 3).
L, fifty, fiftieth, (elec.)
symbol for inductance,
tabular logarithm (not
ital., no point).
L, league, length, lifie,
link, litre, (Ger.) lies
(read), (naut.) light-
ning.
Ij.A., law agent, Legisla-
tive Assembly, Literate
in Arts.
La, lanthanum (no point).
La., Louisiana, U.S.A.
i^offic. abbr.).
//a. (Fr.), letired' avis {letter
of advice).
laager* (S. Afr.), a tem-
porary camp, not lag-.
Lab., Labrador.
label/*, -led*, -ling*.
labijum* (Lat.), a lip; //.
-a*.
Lablache (Luigi), 1794-
1858, singer (one word).
Labor Day (Amen),
first Monday in Sept.,
not Labour — (caps.).
lab/our*, -orious*.
Labourers Act (caps., no
apos.).
Labrador, abbr. Lab.
labrjum* (Lat.), lip of a
jug, etc. ; pi. -a*.
La Bruyire (J. de),
1645-96, Fr. writer.
labyrinth/*, -ian*, -ic*,
-ine*.
L.A.C., Licentiate of the
Apothecaries' Company,
London Athletic Club.
lac/*, a resin ; (Ang.-Ind.)
100,000, not -ck.
-kh
(not ital.) ; — of rupees
(typO) pointing above one
lac is with a comma after
the number of lacs : thus
25,87,000 is 25 lacs, 87
thousand rupees.
Laccadive Islands, off
Madras.
Lac6pMe (B. G. E. de
la v., comte), 1756-
1825, naturalist.
Lachaise (P^re), Paris
cemetery (two words).
lacbe (Fr.), lax, cowardly
(ital.).
laches*, negligence (not
ital.).
Lachryma Christi*, a
red wine.
lachrjrm/al*, -atory*,
-ose*, «o/ lacri-, lacry-.
lackadaisical * (not ital.).
lacker, use lacquer *.
lackey*, a footman, not
-quey.
laconic* (not cap.\
L.A.C.P., London Associa-
tion of Correctors of the
Press (33 Chancery Lane,
London, W.C).
lacquer*, etc., not lacker.
lacrimal, use lachry-*.
La Crohs9, town, U.S.A.
lacrosse*, ball game (one
word, not ital.).
lacun/a *,/>/. -aB* (not ital.).
lacy *, lace-like, not -ey.
908
LADIES* — liAMARQUE
ladies* cards, 372 x 2V2
in.
"Ladies'/ Field,** news-
paper; — Gallery*,
House of Commons ;
— Mile, Hyde Park, Lon-
don {see also Lady's).
ladies* school*.
Lady, abbr. L.
Lady (Our) (R.C.C.)
(caps.). .
lady/-bird*, cow*, in-
sect (hyphens).
Lady Day/, 25 March
(two words, caps. ) ;
in Harvest, 15 Aug.
Lady Dedlock, in " Bleak
House," not Dead-.
lady-in-waiting* (hy-
phens).
ladylike* (one word).
"Lady of Shalott,'* by
Tennyson, 1832.
lady's maid*, pi. ladies*
maids (no hyphen).
«Lady*s/ Pictorial,** "—
Realm,** newspapers
{see also Ladies*).
IsBmmergeyer, use la-*.
Isesa majestas (Lat.),
lese-majesty.
Lastare Sunday, fourth
in Lent.
lasva (Lat.), left.
Ibbvo-*, the prefix, not le-.
Lafayette College,
U.S.A. (one word).
LaflBltte (Ch&teau-), a
claret (hyphen); — (Jac-
ques),! 767-1 844, French
statesman ; not Lafi-, -ite
(one word).
La Fontaine (Jean de),
1621-95, Fr. writer (two
words).
lager beer* (two words,
not ital.).
lagoon*, not -nne.
Lagrange (J.L., comte),
1736-1813, math.
Lagthing, Upper House of
Norwegian Parliament.
La Guaira, S. Amer., not
-yra.
L.A.H., Licentiate of
Apothecaries' Hall.
La Hague (Cape), N.W.
France.
la haute politique (Fr.),
State politics.
La Haye (Fr.), The Hague,
Holland.
La Hogue, a roadstead,
N.W. France.
Lahore, India, not -or.
laicize*, to secularize, not
-ise.
laid paper*, that which
when held up to the light
shows parallel lines at
intervals of an inch or so.
Lais, a Greek beauty.
lalssezj-aller* (Fr.), ab-
sence of restraint, not
laisser- ; faire*, let
people do as they think
best (O.E.D.), let well
alone ! not laisser-.
lalt (Fr. m.), milk; av — ,
with milk.
laitance (Fr. f.), soft roe of
fish.
laitue (Fr. f.), lettuce.
Lake (typ.), capital when
with name, as Bala Lake,
Lake Superior; abbr. L.
lakh, see lac *.
laky*, lake-like, not -ey.
Ik Ik (Fr.), so-so, pass-
ably.
Lalande (J. J. le-F. de),
1 732- 1807, Fr. astr. (one
word).
Lalitpur, N.W. India,
not Lalat-.
Jj.A.'M.. ,Ltberah'um Artium
Magister (Master of the
Liberal Arts).
Lam. (Scrip.), Lamenta-
tions, (bot.) Lamarck.
lama*, Buddhist priest {see
a/50 11-).
Lamarck/ (J. B. P. A.
de M.), 1744-1829,
naturalist (one word) ;
-ian; abbr. Lam.
Lamarque (comte M.),
1770-1832, Fr. General.
209
li
liAMAKTINIE — LAP
Lamartine (A. M. It. de),
1 790-1 869, Fr. poet (one
word).
lamasery*, a lama mon-
astery, not the many varia-
tions.
lambda * the Gr. L, /(A, x).
Iiambhill, Glasgow (one
word).
Uamb of God (two
caps.).
lamb's fry* (cook.) (apes.,
two words).
lambskin* (one word).
lamb's- wool* (apos., hy-
phen).
lamell/a*, a thin plate ;
pi. -39*.
Lamennais (K. H. P. R.
de), 1 782-1854, Fr. poli-
tician (one word).
Lamentations (Book of),
abbr. Lam.
lamin/a*, a thin plate;
pi. -SB*.
Lammas*, i August.
lammergeyer *, the
bearded vulture, ftot lae-,
le-, -geier (not ital.).
Lamourette*s kiss, a kiss
of peace when there is
no peace.
lamp-black* (hyphen).
lamplighter* (one word).
lamp-post* (hyphen).
lamproie (Fr. f.), lamprey.
Lancashire/, abbr.Lancs ;
— Regiment (Loyal
North, not Royal — ).
Lancaster Regiment
(Royal) (see also Lan-
kester).
Lance - Corporal, abbr.
L.-Corp.
lancewood* (one word).
lancinat/e*, ing*.
Lancing College, Sus-
sex.
Lanes, Lancashire.
landau/ *, -let*, a carriage
(not ital.>.
landdrosi* (S. Afn), a
magistrate, not landroost,
-rost.
landgrav/e *, a count ; /em.
-ine*.
landgraviate*, a land-
grave's territory, Mo/-vate.
landlocked* (one word).
land-lubber* (hyphen).
landmark* (one wordV
L. & N. W. R,, London
and North-Western Rail-
way.
Lan(*or (Walter Sav-
age), 1 775-1864, writer.
landowner* (one w^ord).
lands/man*, pi. -men*.
Landsthing, Upper House
of the Danish Parliament.
Landsturm* (Ger. m.),
reserves of the whole
nation for national de-
fence.
L. & S.W.R., London and
South-Western Railway.
Landtag (Ger. m.), the
legislative body, diet.
land-tax* (hyphen).
Landwehr* (Ger. f.),
mihtia.
L. & Y.R., Lancashire and
Yorkshire Railway.
lang., language.
langOUSte (Fr. f.), a spring
lobster.
langsyne*, long ago (one
word, not ital.).
languor/*, -ous*.
Lankester (Edwin Ray)
184 7-, zoologist.
lanner/*, a female falcon ;
male, -et*.
lanolin*, not -ine.
Lansdown (battle of),
1643.
Lansdowne (Marquess
of).
lantern*, «o/ -thorn.
lanthanum*, symbol La
(no point).
lanyard*, not -iard.
Laoeoon, Trojan priest,
pron. la-6k'o-6n.
La,0-tsze, born 604 B.C.,
founder of Taoism (hy-
phen).
lap/*, -ped*, -ping*.
IiAP. — LATIN
Lap., Lapland {see also
Lapp).
Lapageria (bot.).
lap-dog* (hyphen).
lapel/*, the lap over of a
coat, not -elle, lappelle ;
-led*.
lapereau (Ft. m.), a young
rabbit.
lapiin* (Lat.), pebbles.
lap in] (Fr. m.), rabbit ; —
ait karl, curried rabbit.
lapis laziili* (two words).
Laplace (P. S.), 1749-
1827, astr. (one word).
Lapland, abbr. Lap.
Lapp*, a native of Lap-
land, Lappish,
lappelle, use lapel*,
lapsable*, liable to lapse,
not -ible.
lapsus j* (Lat.), a slip ; —
calami*, ditto of the pen ;
— Ilnguas*, ditto tongue;
— memories, ditto
memory.
Laputan*, visionary, not
-ian (cap.),
/ar/* (Lat.), a household
god; pi. -es*.
Larbert, Stirling.
lard (Fr. m.), bacon.
lardon* (Fr. m.), bacon
for larding, not -oon.
large -paper*, special
copies of a book, with
large margins, etc. ; also
termed edition de luxe ;
abbr. L.P.
largess*, a free gift, not
-esse (not ital.).
lariat*, rope for picketing
animals, not -iette, larriet
(not ital.).
larikin, use larr-*.
larkspur* (bot.) (one
word).
Lamaka, Cyprus, not
-aca, -ica.
La Rochefoucauld
(Fran9ois, due de),
1613-80, Fr. writer.
larrikin*, Australian street
rowdy, not lari-.
larv/a *,/>/. -»* (not ital.).
laryn/x* (anat. ),/>/. -ges*.
L.A.S., Lord-Advocate of
Scotland.
Lasalle (comte de),
1 775 -1809, Fr. Gen. (one
word) (see also Lass-).
La Salle (A. de), 1398-
1 46 1, Fr. poet ; — (J. B.
de), 1651-1719 ; — ,
(R. C), 1643-87, Fr.
explorer (two words).
lascar*, E. Indian sailor
(not ital.).
Las Casas (B. de), 1474-
1566, ''apostle of the
Indians."
Las Cases (E. D.), 1766-
1842, friend of Napoleon I.
lasbkar* (Ind.), a body of
Afridi soldiers.
Lasker (E.), 1868-, chess
player.
"LasMeninas,** by Velaz-
quez, not -inas.
Lassa, Tibet, use Lhasa.
Lassalle (Ferdinand),
1825-64, German Socialist
(one word) {see also
Lasa-).
Lassell (William), 1799-
i88o, astr.
lasso/*, -ed*, -ing*; pi.
-S, not lazo (not ital.).
Last Supper (the) (caps.).
Lat., Latin ; lat., latitude.
Latakia*, a Turk, tobacco,
not -yah, Ladikieh (not
ital.).
later, correlative of eailier.
Lateran (St. John)*,
church in Rome.
lath*, a thin strip of wood.
lathe* , machine for turning.
Lathom (Earl of).
Latimer- Clark unit cell
(elec).
Latin, abbr. L., or Lat. ;
(typ.) alphabet same as
English without w. Ac-
cents and ligatures falling
into disuse ; many scholars
do not differentiate the
letter y from /'.
[ 14*
liATIN — Ii.C.B.
liatin Cross, +.
latin de cuisiae (Fr.),
dog-Latin,
latinity* (not cap.).
latinize*, to make Latin,
not -ise (not cap.).
latitude, abbr. lat.
Latour (Cha,teau-), a
claret (hyphen).
Latreille (P. A.), 1762-
1833, Fr. naturaHst (one
word).
latrine* (not ital.).
latten*, sheet metal (not
ital.).
latter, correlative oi former.
Laud ("William), 1573-
1645, Abp.
laudator temporls acti
(Lat.), a praiser of past
times.
L.A.U.K., Library Assoc.
of United Kingdom.
lauraj*, Christ, antiq. ; pi.
-s.
laurel/*, -led*, not -eled.
Laurence/ (Friar), in
'* Romeo and JuHet " ; —
Pountney Lane, E.C.
{see also Law-).
Laurentian* (geol.).
Laurier (Sir "Wilfrid),
1841-, Can. statesman.
laurustinus*, an ever-
green, not laures-, lauris-.
Laus Deo (Lat.), Praise
(be) to God.
lauw^ine*, an avalanche,
not law-.
Laveleye (baron E. L.
V. de), 1822-92, Fr.
economist.
Vavenir (Fr. m.), the
future.
laverock*, a lark, «o^lavr-.
Lavoisier (A. L.), 1743-
94, Fr. chemist.
lavrovite* (mineral.), not
-offite.
L.A.W., League of Ameri-
can Wheelmen.
law (typ.'', practically no
punctuation used in legal
documents. Copy must be
followed. Spell out all
figures ; law/ agent,
abbr.L.A.; — binding*,
— -calf*, — -sheep*,
binding in smooth pale
brown calf- or sheep-skin.
Law Courts (the) (caps.,
no hyphen),
lawgiver* (one word),
lawine, use lauwine *.
lawn-tennis* (hyphen).
Lawrence (St.), North
American river {see also
Lau-).
Laws, abbr. LL.
law-sheep, see law.
Lawson (Sir "Wilfrid),
1829-1906, politician.
law-stationer* (hyphen).
lawsuit* (one word).
lay, untilled land, ws^lea*.
Layard, pron. laird,
layette* (not ital.).
lazaretto/, a place for
quarantine (not ital.); pi.
-8.
Lazenby, Yorks.
Lazonby, Cumberland.
lazy-tongs* (hyphen).
lazzaronle*, one of a
low class at Naples, not
lazar- ; pi. -/*.
L.S., Baccalaureus Liter-
arum (Bachelor of
Letters), Lectori benevolo
(to the kind reader), Lo-
cal Board ; l.b. (cricket),
leg-bye; lb.*, librja, -x
(pound, -s, or pound's
weight), not IB, lbs. (not
ital.) ; L.B. & S.C.R.,
London, Brighton, and
South Coast Railway ;
lbs., not to be used for
pounds, but lb. for sing,
and pi. ; l.b.w. (cricket),
leg before wicket, not lb w.
L.C., Lord Chamberlain,
— Chancellor, Lower
Canada, letter of credit ;
I.e., loco citato (in
the place cited), (typ.),
lower case, that is not
caps. ; L.C.B., Lord Chief
Ii.C.C. — IiE BON
Baron ; L.C.C, London
County Council, -lor ;
L.Ch., Licentiate in
Surgery ; L.C.J., Lord
Chief Justice ; l.C.m.,
least common multiple ;
L.-Corp., Lance-Cor-
poral ; L.C.P., Licentiate
of the College of Precep-
tors ; Jjcn (Fr.), Retire de
credit (letter of credit).
L.D., Light Dragoons, Low
Dutch, (Amer.) Doctor of
Letters; Ld., lord; l.d.,
litera dontinicalis (domini-
. cal letter) ; Ii.Div.,^ Li-
centiate in Divinity ;
Iidp., lordship; L.D.S.*,
Licentiate of Dental Sur-
gery.
£E., Egyptian pounds (each
£\. OS. 674d. sterling).
lea*, untilled land, not lay,
lee, ley.
lead* (typ.), a thin strip of
metal less than type high,
used to separate lines
(O.E.D.); thick — , 24
to the inch ; thin — ,
36; eight to pica — ,
48; hair-lead, 72. Also
to separate the lines of
type by interposing leads.
lead, symbol Pb.
leaded/ matter*, —
type*, having the lines
separated by leads.
leader, see leading art-
icle.
leaderette* (typ.), a short
editorial paragraph, print-
ed in the same type as
the leaders in a news-
paper (O.E.D.).
leader* (typ.), a group of
three dots placed at in-
tervals to guide the eye
across a page, as
... in tables of contents.
Dashes not to be used
for this purpose.
leading* (typ.), the action
of placing leads between
lines of type (O.E.D.).
leading article*, one of
the longer large-type
articles in a newspaper,
appearing as the expres-
sion of editorial opinion
on any subject : a leader
(O.E.D.) ; (typ.) first
word usually indented
one em ; and that and
all names of persons and
titles usually in s.caps.
leaf* (typ.), one of a num-
ber of folds (each con-
taining two pages) which
compose a book or manu-
script ; a folio. Hence
the matter printed or
written thereon (O.E.D.).
Two pages back to back.
leaflet* (typ.), a small-
sized leaf of paper, or a
sheet folded into two or
more leaves, containing
printed matter, generally
for gratuitous distribu-
tion.
leaf-mould*, not -mold
(hyphen).
league, abbr. 1.
Leamington, Warwick
{see also Lem-).
lean/*, -ed*, or-t*.
lean-face type (typ.),
that which has not the full
breadth : unusually thin or
narrow, as this.
leap-frog*, a game (hy-
phen).
leap year * (two
words).
learn/*, -ed*, or-t*.
least common multiple,
abbr. l.c.m.
leatherette*, a cloth and
paper imitation of lea-
ther.
leaves, abbr. 11.
Lebeuf (Abb6), 1687-
1760.
Lebewohtt (Ger. n.) fare-
well !
le boa temps viendra
(Fr.), the good time will
come.
ai3
liEBRUN — LENDING
Lebmn (Charles), 1619-
90, Fr. painter ; —
(C. F.), 1739-1824, Fr.
politician ; — (ificou-
chard), 1729-1807, Fr.
poet ; — (]Slisabeth
Vig6e), 1755-1842, Fr.
painter ; — (P. A.), 1785-
1873, Fr. poet (one word).
Lecocq (A. C.), 1832-,
composer.
Lecoq (Monsieur), of Sir
Conan Doyle's, and Ga-
boriau's detective stories.
Lecouvreur (Adri-
enne), 1692-1730, act-
ress; double-quoted, when
name of the play.
lect., lecture.
Ie3tern*, «o/ -urn.
Lectori benevoloi^ Lat. ) , to
the kind reader; abbr.LjB.
lee, untilled land, use lea*.
lee^ use lief*.
leeming, use lemm-*.
Leeuv/enhoeck (Anton
van), 1632-1723, micros.
left (theat.) (from actor's
point of view), abbr. L.
Leg., legislative, -ure.
leg., legal, legit (he, or she,
reads), legunt (they read,
pres. tense).
legalize*, not -ise.
Le Gallienne (Richard),
1 866-, writer.
leg-bye (cricket), not -by ;
abbr. l.b.
legenda (Lat.), things to
be read.
legerdemain* (notital.).
ISgdretS (Fr. f.), frivoUty.
leger line (mus.), not led-.
leges (Lat.), laws ; abbr. //.
Legh, family name of Baron
Newton ; pron. lee {see
also Leigh).
legislat/ive, -ure, abbr.
L3g.
Legislative Assembly,
abbr. L.A. (see also As-
semblies).
/e^^(Lat.), he,or she, reads ;
abbr. leg.
legitimize*, not -ise.
legs (Fr. m.), legacy ; /roH.
lay.
ligumes (Fr. m. pi.), table
vegetables.
legunt (Lat.), they read
(pres. tense^; abbr. leg.
Lehigh University,
U.S.A. (one word).
Leibniz (G. W.), 1646-
1716, philos., not -itz.
Leicester, abbr. Leics.
Leigh (Baron), pron. lee
{see also Legh).
Leighton-Buzzard,Beds;
pron. la'tn — (hyphen).
Leipzig, abbr. Lpz.
leitmotiv*, a theme as-
sociated with a particular
person, situation, or senti-
ment (O.E.D.), not -if,
-ive.
le jeu Be vaut pas la
cbandelle (Fr.), the
game is not worth the
candle.
le Juste milieu (Fr.), the
golden mean.
lekin, use likin*.
Lely (Sir Peter), i6i8-
80, painter.
Lemaitre (Fr6d6ric),
1800-76, Fr. actor ; —
(Jules), 1853-, Fr. writer
(one word).
leming, use lemm- *.
Lemington, Northumb.
{see also Lea-),
lemm/a*, a title or theme;
pi. -as* (not ital.).
lemm/a*, husk of a fruit;
pi. -ata*.
lemming*, rodent, not
leeming, leming.
Le Moine (Sir J. M.),
1 825-, writer.
Lemoinne (J. E.), 1815-
92, Fr. journalist.
Lempridre (John), 1765-
1824, lexicographer.
Lenclos (Ninon de),
1616-1706, a Fr. beauty,
lending library* (two
words).
214
LENGTH — L]6VY
length, abbr. 1.
Lennox, family name of
Duke of Richmond.
Lennoxtown, Stirling
(one word).
Lenox Library, New
York.
lens/*, «oMense; pi. -es*.
Lent*, from Ash-Wednes-
day to Easter (cap.).
lentHIej (Fr. f.), lentil;
-S (pi.), freckles.
Leominster, Hereford ;
pron. lem'ster.
Leonardo da Vinci,
1452-1519, painter, etc.,
not Lio-; pron. — —
vin'chi.
leonid/*, a meteor; pl.-ea*
(not ital.).
Lepidoptera * is pi.
(cap.).
leprechaun* (Ir.), a
pigmy, sprite, not lepra-,
-awn, leprechawn.
Le Quexix (William),
1 864-, writer (two
words).
Lermontoff (Mikhail
Yurevitch), 1814-41,
Russ. poet.
LeRoyjJe veult, the Royal
assent to Bills in Parlia-
ment ; s*avisera,
ditto dissent.
Le Sage (Alain-E.en6),
1668-1747, Fr. writer.
les convenances (Fr. f.),
the proprieties.
lese-majesty*, treason
(hyphen, not ital.); in Fr.
Ibse-maJestS.
leterals, use lit-*.
Lethe*, a river in Hades ;
pron. le'the.
let-in notes (typ.), those
let into the text, as dis-
tinct from side-notes.
rStoile du nord (Fr.),
the North Star (motto of
Minnesota) (I.e. «).
le tout ensemble (Fr.),
the general effect.
letteral, use literal*.
letter of marque, com-
mission to plunder at
sea ; pi. letters .
letter-paper* is quarto
size : note-paper is 8vo.
letterpress* (one word).
letters (printed) (typ.)y
address, date, and signa-
ture, should be in caps,
and s.caps. {see also GOrre-
spondence).
letters of distinction,
as F.R.S., LL.D., etc.,
are usually put in large
caps. Even s.caps. often
improve general effect.
letters patent*.
lettre d*avis (Fr. f.), letter
of advice ; abbr. //a.
lettre dej cachet (Fr. f.),
warrant for imprison-
ment ; credit, letter
of credit ; abbr. Ijcr, ; pL
lettres .
lettuce *, not -ice.
Leuckart (K. G. F.
Rudolf), 1822-98, zo-
ologist.
Leuwenhoeck,Ms^Leeu-.
Lev., Leviticus.
lev (Bulgaria), tenpence
Eng. ; pi. leva.
levant morocco* (bind-
ing), a superior quality
with prominent grain.
levee*, an assembly (no
accent, not ital.).
level/*, -led*, -ler*,
-ling*, not -eled, etc.
lever dej rldeau (Fr. m.),
opening piece at theatre ;
Stance y closing of
a meeting.
Leverrier (U. J. J.),
1 81 1-77, French astr.(one
word).
Leveson-Gower, prou.
loo'sn-gor.
Levingstone (Baron),
{see also Li-).
Leviticus, abbr. Lev.
levo-,the prefix, «5d8Bvo-*.
L§vy frdres (Michel),
publishers, Paris (I.e./).
ai5
LEW — lilCK^ERISH
Iiew-ehe"w
Islands,
Japan, use Loochoo — .
Lewes, Sussex.
Lewes (George Henry),
1817-78, writer; — (Vi-
vian B.), chemist (see
also Lewis).
Lewis, isle in Hebrides ;
proH. lewz.
Lewis (Sir G. Come-
wall, «o/Cornw-), 1806-
63, statesman, writer ; —
(Sir George H.), 1833-,
solicitor; — (J. F.),
1805-76, painter {see also
Lew^es).
lewis*, key for stone-lifting,
not lewiss, -on, louis, luis.
lex (Lat.), law ; pi. leges.
lexicog., lexicographer, -y,
-ical.
lexicon*, abbr. lex. (not
ital).
lexj loci (Lat.), local cus-
tom ; — non scrlpta,
unwritten law; — scripts ,
statute law ; — iaiionis *,
''an eye for an eye";
— terras, the law of the
land.
ley, untilled land, use lea*.
Leyd., Leyden.
Leys School, Camb. ; pron.
lees.
lez (Fr. topog.), near ; pron.
lay.
L.F.P.S., Licentiate of the
Faculty of Physicians and
Surgeons.
L.G. (gunpowder, leather,
wheat) large grain, Life
Guards ; L.G.B., Local
Government Board ;
L.Ger., Low German ;
L.Gr., Low Greek.
l.h., left hand; L.H.A.,
Lord High Admiral.
Lhasa, Tibet, noi -ssa,
Lassa.
L.H.C., Lord High Chan-
cellor ; L.H.D., Ltter-
arum Humaniorum Doctor
(untranslatable, approx.
Doctor of the morehumane
letters) ; L.H.T., Lord
High Treasurer.
L.I., (Amer.) Licentiate of
Instruction, Light In-
fantry, Long Island
(U.SA.).
Li (chem.), lithium.
liaison*, illicit connexion;
joining of words ; (Fr.
cook, f.), a thickening for
sauces, etc. (ital.).
iiantl (Fr.), fem. -e, flex-
ible, complying.
lib./, librarian, library ; —
cat., library catalogue.
lib,, liber (a book).
libel/*, -led*,-ler*,-ling*,
-lous*, not -&[&-, etc.
liber (Lat.), a book; abbr.
Ij., or lib.
Liberal/, abbr. L. ; —
Unionist, abbr. L.U.
(caps., no hyphen).
liberalize*, etc., «o^ -ise.
librja *, pound, pi. -as; abbr.
L., £, 1., lb., not Td,
lbs. {see also L.. or £).
librairle (Fr. m.), book-
seller; -ie (f.), book-
seller's shop.
librar/ian, -y; abbr. lib.
library, in Fr. f. biblio-
thhque.
librett/o* (It.), words of an
opera, etc. ;/)/.-i*(notital.).
libris (ex-)* (5. and pi.),
from the library of; a book-
plate (hyphen, not ital.).
librlo (It.), a book ; pi. -/.
Libyan desert.
licence* (noun), a permit.
lieens/e* (verb), to author-
ize ; -ing *.
licensed victualler*.
licentiate, abbr. L.
licet (Lat.), legal ; it is
allowed.
lichee, use litchi*.
Lichfield, Staffs {see also
Litch-).
lich-gate*, not ly-.
lichi, «5tf litchi*.
lickerish *, desirous,
greedy ; but liquorice.
216
LICK — LINDSEY
Lick Observatory, Cali-
fornia.
licorice, use liquor- *.
Lie (J. L. E.), 1833-,
Norw. writer ; pron, lee.
Liebfraumilch, a hock ;
in Ger. Liebfrauen-.
Liebig (Justus, baron
von), 1803-73, chemist.
Liedj (Ger. n.), a song ; pi.
-er.
lief*, willingly, not leaf,
lieve.
Li^ge, Belgium, not Lie-.
Uegende Schrift (Ger.
typ. f.), italic type, use
Kursivschritt
lies (Ger.), read ; abbr. 1.
lieu*, — in lieu of— (not
ital.).
liea (Fr. m.), place.
lieue (Fr. f.), league.
Lieutenant/, abbr. Lt., or
Lieut. ; Colonel*,
abbr, Lt.-, or Lieut.-
Col. ; — Commander*
(U.S.) ; — -General,
abbr. Lt.-, or Lieut. -
Gen. ; — -Governor*,
abbr. Lt.-, or Lieut.-
Gov. (hyphens).
Uhvre (Fr. m.), hare.
life-assurance*, not —
insurance {see also as-
surance).
life/-boat*, — -guard*,
like* (hyphens).
lifelong* (one word).
life-size* (hyphen).
lifetime * (one word).
Lifford (Viscount).
ligature* (typ.), two or
more letters joined to-
gether and forming one
character or type, as a?,
ffi ; a monogram ; also a
stroke connecting two
letters (O.E.D.) {see also
8B [ligature]).
lighthouse* (one word).
Light Infantry, abbr.
L.I., or Lt. Inf.
lightning (naut.), abbr. 1.
lightship* (one word).
lignel (Fr. f.), a line; —
de iete (typ.), the run-
ning title.
Li Hung- Chang, 1823-
1901, Chinese statesman
(one hyphen).
likeable *, not lika-.
likin* {Chin.), transit duty,
not le-.
Lilford (Baron).
Liliput/, -ian, use Lilli- *.
lillibullero *, a song re-
frain, not the many varia-
tions (not ital.).
Lilliput/*, -ian*, not Lili-
(not ital.).
Lilly (W.), 1602-81, as-
trol. ; — (W. S.), 1840-,
writer.
Lily (W.), 1468-1522,
gram.
lily of the valley* (no
hyphen).
Hmande (Fr. f.), the dab-
fish.
limbo/*,/)/, -s (not ital.).
limbusj fatuorum (Lat.),
a fooPs paradise ; — in-
fantum*, the paradise
of infants ; — patfum*,
ditto of the fathers; —
piie/ion//n,thechildren's
paradise.
lime-kiln* (hyphen).
limelight * (one word).
limestone* (one word).
Limited, abbr. Ltd.
limy *, lime-like, not -ey.
lin., lineal, -ear.
Unable *, not -cable.
linament, use lini-*.
Lincei (Real© Accade-
mia dei, also Accade-
mia Romana dei
IsTuovi-), the Academy of
Rome.
Lincolnshire,abbr. Lines
(no point).
Lindl. (hot.), Lindley.
Lindsay (Earl of), fam-
ily name Bethune ; —
(Sir Coutts), 1824-.
Lindsey (Earl of), family
name Bertie.
217
LINE — LITERA
line, abbr. 1. ; pi. 11. ; liny,
not -ey.
line/al, -ar, abbr. lin.
lineament *, a feature {see
also lini- *;.
linear paper, that with
water-mark lines to guide
handwriting.
line block (typ.), one in
which the various tones
are represented by lines.
linendraper/, -y* (one
word).
line-process block (typ.),
a direct photo relief
printing block in which
the image is formed by
lines.
lingerie* (Fr. f.), linen
goods (ital.).
Lingg (Hermann), 1820-,
Ger. poet.
lingua franca*, a mixed
jargon (not ital.).
liniment *, an embroca-
tion, not lina- {see also
linea-*).
lining paper* (binding^,
that inside the cover.
link, abbr. 1.
Iilnn/aean*, abbr.Iiinn.; but
-ean Society, London
(off. spelling); abbr. L.S.
IjinnaBus (Carolus),
1707-78, naturalist ; in
Sw. Carl von Iiiiin6;
abbr. L., or Linn.
linotype* (typ.), a machine
for casting lines or bars
of words, etc., as a sub-
stitute for type-setting by
hand.
linsey-"woolsey *, a fabric,
not linsy-, -wolsey.
liny*, full of lines, not-ey.
Lionardo da Vinci {see
Le-).
lionize*, «o/-ise.
Lions (Gulf of), in Fr.
golfe du Lion, not Lion,
Lyon, -s.
Lippi (Pra Filippo),
1 4 1 2-69 ; — ( Pilippino) ,
1 460-1504, It. painters.
lipsalve* (one word).
liq., liquid, liquor.
lique/faction*, -fiable*,
-fy*, not liqui-.
liqueur * (not ital.).
liquid, abbr. liq.
liquidambar *, not -er
(one word, not ital.).
liquor on draught, not
draft.
liquorice*, not lie-.
liquorish,desirous,greedy,
use licker-*.
lir/a*. It. coin about ten-
pence Eng. ;/>/. -e*, abbr.
L.
Lisle (Baron), ^ro«. lei (5^*
also De Lisle).
lisse* (Fr. £), a silk
fabric.
lissom*, supple, not -e.
List (Priedrich), 1789-
1846, Ger. economist.
listen T^r what we expect ;
— to what we hear.
Liszt (Abbe Pranz),
181 1-86, pianist.
lit., litre, literal, -ly, liter-
ary, literature.
Litchfield, Hants, also
Connecticut, U.S.A. {see
also Lich-).
litchi*, «o/the many varia-
tions (not ital.).
Lit.D. Literarunt Doctor
(Doctor of Letters) {see
also D.Lit., Litt.D.).
lite pendente (Lat.), dur-
ing the trial.
liter/al, -ally, -ary,
-ature ; abbr. lit.
literalize*, etc., to render
literal, not -ise.
literal* (typ.), a literal
error : those of the com-
positor in substituting
one character for another,
including ''turns,''
" wrong founts," and
defective types ; not le-,
lett-.
litera scripts manet
(Lat), the written word
remains.
ai8
LITEKATI — lili.B.
Uteratji*, the learned as
a class ; stttg.
not
-us, litt-
Uteratim* (Lat.), letter
for letter.
literature, in Fr. f. litti-
rature, in Gar. f. Litte-
ratar,
Xjith., Lithuanian.
lithium*, symbol Li.
lithography*, printing
from smooth porous stone;
abbr. litho.
lithotype*, stereo made
with composition pressed
while hot into a plaster
mould taken from type.
liit.Huin., Liieras Human-
tores.
litigious *.
LitolfF (Henry), music
publisher, Paris.
litre*, -22 gaK, or 1*76 pint,
not -er ; abbr. 1., or lit.
(not ital.).
Ijitt.D., Literarunt Doctor
(Doctor of Letters, Camb.,
and T.C.D.), not D.Lit.
(Doctor of Literature)
{see also Lit.D.).
nttirateur* (Fr.m.),aliter-
ary man.
mteratiy use Ute-\
Litteratur (Ger. f.), litera-
ture (cap.}.
llttSrature (Fr. f.), litera-
ture.
Iiittle-^o*, "The Previous
Exammation " at Cam-
bridge, and T.C.D. (cap.,
hyphen, not ital.).
Littlehampton, Sussex
(one w^ord).
Little Peddlington, ima-
ginary place (two d^s).
Littleton, family name of
Baron Hatherton (see also
L3rttelton).
Littletown, Dur, Yorks
(one word).
Littr6 (M. P. E.), 1801-
81, Fr. lexicog.
liturg., liturgies, -ical,
-y-
Liukiu, use Loochoo.
//v. (Fr.), livre (m. book,
f. pound).
liveable *, not liva-.
Liver/politan, -pud-
lian*, inhab, of Liver-
pool.
live stock* (two words).
Livingston, well-known
Amer. family.
Livingstone (David),
i8i3-73> traveller (see also
Le-).
llvraison* (Fr. f.), a part
of a work published by
instalments.
livre (Fr. m.), book; (f.)
pound; abbr. L., or
liv.
liv, st, (Fr.), livre sterling
(pound sterling).
L. J., Lord Justice ; L. JJ.,
Lords Justices.
L.K.Q.C.P.I., Licentiate
of the King and Queen's
College of Physicians,
Ireland, now L.R.C.P.I.
LL.*, of laws; L.L., late-,
law-, or Low-, Latin,
Lord- Lieutenant, -s.
11., leaves, lines, leges
(laws) ; (typ.) this abbr.
not to end a line.
-11 (words ending in), fol-
lowed by -ful, -ly, -ness,
usually omit one /.
L.L.A., Lady Literate in
Arts (St. Andrews Uni-
versity).
LL.AA.II. (Fr. f.), Leurs
Altesses Intperiales (Their
Imperial Highnesses) ;
LL.AA.mi., Leurs
Altesses Royales (Their
Royal Highnesses).
llama*, S.Amer. rumi-
nant, not la- {see aho
lama).
Llandeilo Group (geol.)
(caps.).
llano*, S.Amer. plains.
LL.B.* (Lat.), Legum
Baccalaureus (Bachelor
of Laws) (two points
ai9
LIi.D. — LOCUS
only) ; IiIi.D.*, Legum
Doctor (Doctor of Laws)
(two points only) ;
IjIj.ee. (Fr. f.), Leurs
Excellences (Their Excel-
lencies) ; Ijlj.ifi:^. (Fr. f.),
Leurs Eminences (Their
Eminences).
Llewelsm, Welsh name,
not -ellyn, ellynn.
Xj.Xi.I., Lord-Lieutenant of
Ireland; L.LL. (Amer.),
Licentiate in Laws ;
IjIj.M., Legum Magister
(Master of Laws) ;
LL.MM. (Fr.), Leurs
Majestes (Their Majes-
ties).
Lloyd (Norddeutscher),
the North-German Lloyd
Steamship Co. (two
words) ; abbr. N.D.L.
Lloyds, the bankers (no
apos.).
Lloyd's/, the association of
underwriters, not -s' ; —
marks, in order of merit,
for wooden ships, Al,
Al (in red), ^, and E;
for iron or steel, 100 Al,
80 A 1, 80 A 1 {see also
Loyd).
L.M. (Amer.), Licentiate
in Medicine, ditto in Mid-
wifery ; long metre ; /. yW.
(Ger.), laufenden Monats
(of the current month) ;
L.M.D., long metre
double ; L.M.S., Lon-
don Missionary Society.
LXl (electricity), the legal
ohm.
loadstar, use lodestar*
(one word).
loadstone*, not lode- (one
word).
load - water - line * (hy-
phens) ; abbr. L.W.L.
Loanda, W. Afr., not St.
Paul de — .
loath*, averse, not loth.
loathe*, to hate.
Lobanov (Prince), not
-of, -off.
** Lobgesang," song of
praise by Mendelssohn,
1840.
lobscouse*, a sailor's dish.
lob-worm* (hyphen).
local (Fr. m.), a place,
premises.
locale, erron. for local*
(O.E.D.).
localize*, not -ise.
located, placed or situated
preferred.
loc. cit., loco citato (in the
place cited) (not ital.).
loch, Scotch lake, not -ck.
Lochalsh, Ross; Lochow
(it's a far cry to) ; Loch
Awe, Argyl ; Loch-
eamhead, Perth ;
Lochgilphead, Argyl ;
Lochleven, Kinross ;
Lochnagar, mountain
in Aberdeen (one word).
Lock/e(John), 1632-1704,
philos. ; -ian*, not -ean.
lock-jaw* (hyphen).
lock-out*, employers'
strike; pi. lock-outs*
(hyphen).
locksmith* (one word).
lock-up* (hyphen).
Lockwood (Crosby) &
Son, publishers, London.
loco*, locomotive.
locojiLaX.), in the place ; —
citato, ditto cited, abbr.
I.e., or loc. cit. (not ital.) ;
— laudato, ditto cited
with approval, abbr. loc.
laud. ; — supra citato,
in the place before cited,
abbr. l.s.c. (not ital.).
locum/-tenency * (hy-
phen) ; — tenens*, a
substitute,/)/. — tenentes
(not ital.).
locjus (Lat.), a written pas-
sage, a curve, pi. 'I; locusi
cltatUS, the passage
quoted ; — classlCUS *,
an authoritative passage
from a standard book, pi.
loci classlcl; — com-
munis*, a common-
LOCUS — LOQUITUR
place ; lOCUS delicti, the
place of a crime ; —
in quo*, the place in
which ; — pwnitentias*,
a place of repentance ;
— sigilliy the place of
the seal, abbr. L.S. ; —
standi, recognized posi-
tion, (law) right to appear.
lodestar*, not load-.
lodestone, use load- *.
lodg/e*, -eable*, -ment,
-ing*.
lodging-house * (hy-
phen).
loess *(geol.),wo^loess,10ss.
Lofoten Isles, Norway,
not -den, -ffoden.
log., logarithm.
logan-stone*, «o/loggan-,
logging-.
Logau (Friedrich von),
1604-55, Ger. poet.
log-book* (hyphen).
loge*, a theatre stall (not
ital.)
loggia/* (It.), a gallery; pi
-s*.
logijon*, a religious maxim ;
pi. -a*.
logomachize, not -ise.
logotype* (typ.), several
letters, or a word, cast
on one body, as ''Co.,"
"Road," for printing a
directory, etc.
log-roll/*, -er*, -ing*
(hyphens).
Loire, Fr. river, also dep. ;
Haute , dep. ; Loire -
Inferieure, dep.
LoiF-et-Cher, Fr. dep.
lollipop*, a sweetmeat, not
lolly-.
Lombroso (Cesare),
1836-, criminologist.
London., sig. of present
Bp. of London, not -in.
(full point).
London/, abbr. L., or
Lond. ; — Apprentice,
town in Cornwall ; —
County Council/, -lor,
abbr. L.C.C.
long., longitude.
longe, use lu- *.
Jonge (Fr. cook, f.), loin.
longeval*, «o/-aeval.
Longfellow (Henry
"Wadsworth, not
Words-), 1807-82, poet.
Longford (Earl of).
long-hand*, ordinary
handwriting (hyphen).
Long Island, U.S.A.;
abbr. L.I.
longitude, abbr. long.
long/ letter (typ.), a, e,
etc. ; — mark*, that placed
over the long letter : the
macron.
Longmynd Group (geol.)
(caps.).
lottgo Intervallo (Lat.),
at a long interval.
long page (typ.), one
having a line or lines
• more than its companion
pages.
long primer (typ.), a size
of type as this, 7 j^ lines
to the inch, gj^ point,
J>ron. — primer (two
words) ; abbr. l.p.
long run (in the)* (two
words).
Longships, lighthouse off
Cornwall.
long-shore*, but long-
shoreman * (no apos.).
long vowel (typ.), a, e, etc.
long/ways*, -wise* (one
word).
Loochoo Islands, Japan
(one word); not Lew-
Chew, Liukiu, Riukiu.
looking-glass* (hyphen).
look/ out*, pi. — outs*
(two words).
loophole* (one word).
loosestrife * (bot.) (one
word).
loping*, with long strides,
7tot lope-.
lop-sided* (hyphen).
loquitur {Lat.), he, or she,
speaks ; abbr. loq.
IiORALAI — LPZ.
Loralai, near Quetta {see
also Lorelei).
lord, abbr. Ld.
Lord/- Advocate of Scot-
land, abbr. L.A.S. ; —
Chamberlain, — Chan -
cellor, abbr. L.C. ; —
Chief Baron, abbr.
L.C.B. ; — Chief Jus-
tice, abbr. L.C.J. ; —
Justice*, abbr. L.J., pi.
L. JJ.; — Lieutenant*,
pi. S* (hyphen), abbr.
L.L.; — Mayor* (two
words, caps.); — of hosts,
— of lords, as Deity (one
cap.); — Privy Seal,
abbr. L.P.S. ; — Pro-
vost, abbr. L.P.
Lord's Cricket Ground,
London (apos.).
Lord's Day (caps.).
lordship, abbr. Ldp.
Lord's/ Prayer, — Sup-
per, — Table (caps.).
Lorelei, on Rhine, not -ey,
Lurlei {see also Loralai).
Lorenzo, see Louren90.
Loreto, Peru.
Lor/etto, N.E. Italy, proper-
ly -eto ; also Sjot. school.
lorgnette * (Fr. f.), opera-
glass, or pair of eye-
glasses with long handle.
loris*, the Ceylon sloth, not
lori, lory.
lorry*, a wagon, noi lu-.
lory*, one of the parrots.
Los Angeles, California.
loss (geol.), «s^ loess*.
lota*, Hindu brass water-
pot, not lotah, -oote, loto.
Lot-et- Garonne, dep. Fr.
loth, averse, use loath*.
Loti (Pierre), pen-name
of Julien Viaud, 1850-,
Fr. writer.
loto, Ms^lota*.
lotus-eater*, noi lotos-.
Lou., erroneous for La.
(Louisiana).
Loudoun (Earl of).
Louisiana, U.S.A. ; off.
abbr. La.
Louis Philippe, 1773-
1850, Fr. king.
Louis/- Quatorze*, 1643-
1715; — Quinze*,i7i5-
74; — -Seize*, 1774-93;
— -Treize*, 1610-43
(Louis XIV, XV, XVI,
XIII), artstyles (hyphens).
loukoum (Gr., Turk.),
national sweetmeat.
loung/e*, -ing.
lour*, to frown, not lower.
Lourenco Marques, S.E.
Afr., not Lorenzo — .
louver*, shutters, venti-
lators, not -re.
lovable*, not -cable.
'•Love's Labour's
Lost," Shakespeare,
1598 (two apos.).
Low Church *, Low-
Churchman (caps., hy-
phen).
Low (Sampson), Mars-
ton, & Co., publishers,
London.
Lowe (Robert), 181 1-92,
Viscount Sherbrooke ; —
(Sir Hudson), 1769-
1844, custodian of Napo-
leon at St. Helena.
lower, to frown, use lour*.
low^er-case letters (typ.),
the small ones, as a b c,
not caps., or s.caps. ; abbr.
I.e. (5^^a/5o capitaliza-
tion.)
Low Sunday*, first after
Easter (caps.).
low water* (two words).
low-water mark (hy-
phen). •
Loyd (Lady Mary),
writer(s^^a/5oLloyd/,-s),
Loyson (Charles), 1827-,
"Pere Hyacinthe."
L.P., large-paper copies of
a book. Lord Provost,
(paper) large post; l.p.,
low pressure, (typ.) long
primer type ; L.P.M.,
long peculiar metre ;
L.P.S., Lord Privy Seal;
Lpz., Leipzig.
L.R.C. — LYAIiL
Ij.R.C., Labour Represen-
tation Committee, Lon-
don Rowing Club ;
Ij.R.C.P., Licentiate of
the Royal College of Phy-
sicians ; Ii.R.C.P.E.,
ditto of Edinburgh ;
L.R.C.P.I., ditto of
Ireland; L.R.C.S.,
Licentiate of the Royal
College of Surgeons ;
L.R.C.S.E., ditto of
Edinburgh ; L.R.C.S.I.,
ditto of Ireland;
L.II.C.V.S., Licentiate
of the Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons.
Ii.S., Lir
Society,
locus sigilli (the place
of the seal) ; I.S., left
side ; L.S.A., Licentiate
of the Society of Apothe-
caries ; Ij.S.B., London
School Board; Ii.S.C,
London Society of Com-
positors ; l.s.C, loco
supra citato (in the place
before cited); L.S.D.*,
librse, solidi, denarii
(pounds, shillings, and
pence) ; £ s. d. (typ.)
see punctuation, XXI,
3-
Ii.T., Lira Turca (Turk,
pound) ; Lt., Lieutenant ;
L.T. & S.R., London, Til-
bury, and Southend Rail-
way ; Lt.-Col., Lieu-
tenant-Colonel ; Ltd.,
Limited ; Lt.-Qen., Lieu-
tenant-General ; L.Th.,
Licentiate of Theology
(Durham); Lt.Inf., Light
Infantry.
(L.U.), Liberal Unionist.
Lucan*, of St. Luke, not
Luk-.
Lucerne, in German
Luzern.
lucerne*, a plant, not
-ern.
"Lucile," by Lytton,
i860, not -lie.
Lucknow, Oudh, India,
lucas a non lucendo
(Lat.), approx. inconse-
quent or illogical.
Luggnagg, island in
'* Gulliver s Travels."
lug-sail* (hyphen).
luis, use le"wis *.
Luke (St.) (New T.), not
to be abbreviated ; adj.
Lucan, not Luk-.
lukewarm/ *, -ness *,
tepid (one word).
lumbar* (anat.), of the
loins.
lumjen* (an&t.^j an open-
ing; pi. -ina*.
lumine sicco {in) (Lat),
disinterestedly,
lunch*, " a more colloq.
synonym of luncheon.
Now the usual word,
except in specially formal
use " (O.E.D.).
lunge*, long rope for
exercising horses, not Ic-.
lupine* (bot.), not -in.
Lurlei, use Lorelei.
"Lusiad (The),** by
Camoens, 1572.
Lusitania, Portugal.
lustlium *, a five-year
period ; pi. -a *.
lusus naturae* (Lat.), a
freak of nature ; pi. same.
Luth., Lutheran,
luxe (Edition de)* (Fr.),
a sumptuous edition (not
ital.) ; train de luxe*,
luxurious railway train.
Luxembourg, Gardens
and Palace, Paris.
Luxemburg, Belgium,
also Grand Duchy of — .
Luzern, German for
Lucerne.
L.V. (elec), legal volt.
L.W.L., load-water-line.
L.W.O.S.T., Low Water
Ordinary Spring Tides.
LXX*, the Septuagint,
seventy (no points).
Lyall (Sir Alfred C),
1835-, writer; —(Edna\
pen-name of Miss A. E.
223
liYAIiL — Ii.-ZUG
Bayly, 1858- 1902 ; Lyall
(W. R., Dean), 1788-
1857, writer (see also
LyeU).
Iyc6e* (Fr. m.), higher
secondary school.
lychee, use Mtchi*.
lych-gate, use lich *.
lyddite *, an explosive
(two d^s).
Lyell (Sir Charles),
1797-1875, geologist {see
also Lyall).
lying-in*, childbed (hy-
phen).
Lyly (John), 1554-1606,
the Euphuist.
lynch lavvr *, not-s, Linch's
(two words).
Lynds/ay, -ey, see Li-.
iyjiKl*,pl. -es*.
Lyon King-of-Arms*,
chief Scottish herald.
Lyonnais (Cr6dit), Fr.
banking corporation.
Lyons, in Fr. Lyon {see
also Lions),
lyr., lyric.
lysin* (chem.), mo^ -ine.
Lyte (Henry F.), 1793-
1847, hymn-writer ; —
(Sir H. C. Maxwell-),
1 848-, writer.
Lyttelton, family name of
Viscount Cobham, also
town in New Zealand {see
also Littleton).
Lyveden (Baron), pron.
llv'dn.
L.-Zug (Ger. mS), Luxus-
Zug (a luxurious railway
train).
224
L NOTES
aat, 15
L NOTES
936
M. — MACaiLLICUDDY'S
M
M., Majesty, Marquess,
member, middle, militia,
Monday, the twelfth in
a series, all proper names
with this initial, (Fr.)
main (hand), mtlle (a
thousand), Monsieur,
( Ger. ) mark— about a shil-
ling, (It.) ntano (hand),
mezzjo, -a{ha\{),{L&t.)ma-
gister (master), medicitix
(of medicine), metro-
nome, (paper) medium
quality.
M, looo (no point).
M*, see Mae.
m., male, married, mas-
culine, meridian, -ional,
metre, -s, mile, -s, mill,
minute, -s, month, -s,
moon, (Lat.) tneridies
(noon), (mech.) mass,
(naut.) mist.
m/ (Fr.), mois (month).
V\ , minim (drop).
H (Gr. m.), micromillimetre
(the millionth of a milli-
metre), micron (ditto
metre), (math.) modu-
lus, (phys.) symbol
for magnetic permea-
bility.
M.A., Magister Artiunt
(Master of Arts), Military
Academy.
ma (It.), but.
ma. (elec), milliampere.
m/a (book-keeping), my
account.
ma'am, see m.adain.
Maartens (Maarten),
pen-name of van der
Poorten Schwartz, 1858-,
Dutch writer.
Maastricht, not Maes-.
M.A.B., Metropolitan
Asylums Board.
M.A.B.Y.S., Metropolitan
t
Association for Befriend-
ing Young Servants.
Mac (the prefix), spelling
depends upon custom of
the one bearing the name,
and this must be fol-
lowed, as: — MacDonald,
Macdonald, McDonald,
M'^Donald, M'Donald.
(The turned comma is
usual here, not the apos.)
In alphabetical arrange-
ment it should, however
spelt, be placed under Mac.
macabre (danse) (Fr. f.),
not macaber, machabree.
macaco*, a monkey, not
-acco, -auco.
macadamize *,«o/-ise {not
cap.).
macarism*, blessing, not
mak-.
maoaron/i*, «o/macc-; pi.
-ies*.
maca'w*, a parrot, not
macao, maccaw.
Mace. (1, 2), Maccabees
I, II.
Maecabean, of the Macca-
bees, not -baean.
MoCall (R. A.), 1849-,
barrister (not M'-).
Macohiavelli, use
Mach-.
macooboy*,ascented snuff,
not the many varia-
tions.
MaccoU (Canon Mal-
colm), 1838-1907, writer.
Maeeulloch (J.), 1773-
1835, geologist.
M«Culloch (J. R.)»
1 789-1864, econ.
Maeed., Macedonian.
macidoine (Fr. cook, f.),
mixed fruit.
Maegillicuddy*s Reeks,
mountains in Kerry.
aa7
15
MACGREGOR — MAESTRICHT
MacGregor, fam. name of
Rob Roy.
machairodus*, sabre-
toothed lion, not machae-.
ma cbkre (Fr. f.), my
dear.
Machiavell/i (Nicold),
1469-1527, Italian writer,
not Macch- ; -ism*, not
-ianism.
macbina (Lat.), a machine;
pron. ma'ki-na.
maohineful*, not -full
machinize *, etc., not -ise.
Machpelah, burial-place
of Abraham, «o/Macp-.
maointosh, a waterproof,
but mack-*.
MoKinley (William),
1843-1901, Amer. Pres.
1896-1901.
mackle* (typ.), blurred
from defective printing,
not made, macule {set also
macle).
Maolaren (Ian), pen-
name of Rev. Dr. John
Watson, 1850-, writer.
made* (mineral.) {see also
mackle).
Maclean (Very Rev.
A. J.), 1858-, writer;
pron. mak-lan'.
Maoleane (Rev. D.),
1 856-, writer ; pron.
mak-lan'.
MacXjehose & Sons, pub-
lishers, Glasgow ; pron.
mak'le-hOz.
Macleod,MacLeod,/>ro«.
mak-loud'.
MacMahon (M. E. P.
M. de), 1808-93, Fr.
President 1873-9; —
(Major P. A.), 1854-,
mathematician.
Macmillan & Co., Ltd.,
publishers, London, not
Macon, Georgia, U.S.A.
Ma,con, dep. Sadne-et-
Loire ; also a. Burgundy,
not -9on.
inacrani6* lace, «o/ mi.
828
macrocosm*, the great
world {see also mi-\
macron*, the long mark
over a vowel, as a.
macroscopic*, visible to
the naked eye.
macrurous* (zool.), long
tailed, not raacrourous.
Macsycophant (Sir
Pertinax), in Macklin's
"Man of the World."
macuija* (Lat.), a spot; pi.
-as*.
macule, use mackle*.
madam*, pi. -s, abbr.
Mad. ; colloq. abbr. *m,
ma*am, marm, m*m,
mum.
Madame*, abbr. Mme,Mo/
Mdme ; pi. Mesdames*,
abbr. Mmes (in Fr. no
point after abbrs.).
Madcben (Ger. n.), girl ;
pi. same (cap.).
Madeley, Staffs.
Mademoiselle *, abbr.
Mile, not Mdlle ; pi.
Mesdemoiselles *,abbr.
Miles, not Mdlles (in Fr.
no point after abbrs. ).
tnaddre (Fr. m.), Madeira
wine.
Madley, Hereford.
Madonna *,theVirginMary
(cap.).
madonna (It.), my lady,
madam (in 3rd person
only, not cap.).
marfrasaZi* (I nd.), a school
or college, not the many
variations.
Madras Staff Corps,
abbr. M.S.C.
madregal *,afish,«o/ med-.
madrigal*, a part-song.
Mad. Univ., Madison Uni-
versity, U. S. A. ;Madras — .
Maecenas/ *, a patron of the
arts, not Me- ; pi. -es*.
maelstrom *, not mal-.
Maenad*/, a priestess of
Bacchus, not Me- ; pi. -a.
Maestricht, Holland, usc
Maas-.
MAESTRO — MAIDAN
maestrjo* (It. mus.),
master, composer ; pi. -/.
Maeterlinck (Maurice),
1864-, writer.
Mafia*, It. secret society.
tna foil (Fr.) upon my
word !
Mag., Magyar.
inag.,magazine,magnetism.
Maga*, colloq. for "Black-
wood's Magazine."
magasin dej modes (Fr.
m.), dressmaker's shop ;
nouveautSs, linen-
draper's — , not — des — .
inagazine, abbr. mag.
magazines (titles of)
(typ.), when cited, to be
roman double-quoted.
magdalen*, an asylum, a
reformed prostitute.
Magdalen College, Ox-
ford, proM. maud'lin; abbr.
Magd.
Magdalene College, Cam-
bridge, pron. maud'lin ;
abbr. Magd.
Magendie (Fran9ois),
1783-1855, French phy-
siol. (see also Maj-).
maggot*, a grub {see also
magot).
Magheramorne(Baron),
proH. mar'a-morn.
magilp, artists' medium,
use megilp *.
tn agister* (Lat. m.), mas-
ter,abbr.M.;— art/ll^*,
Master of Arts, abbr.
M.A. ; — Chlrurgias,
ditto Surgery, M.Ch.
magistrand*, fourth-year
student in Sc. university.
magma/*, a mass; pi. -s.
Magna Charta*, not —
Carta ; pron. — kar'ta.
magna est Veritas et
prmvalet (Lat.), great is
truth and it prevails ;
ditto prsevalebit, ditto
will prevail.
magnesium*,symbolMg*.
magnetize*, «o/ -ise.
magnif/y *, -ied*, -ying*.
magnifying glass* (two
words).
magnum *, a reputed two-
quart wine bottle.
magnum bonum*, a com-
mon trade name (two
words, not ital.).
magnjum opjus * ( Lat.),an
author's chief work ; pi.
-a -era.
magot*, ape, also Chin, or
Jap. figure {see also mag-
got).
M.Agr. (Amer.), Master of
Agriculture.
magi us*, a wise man ; pi.
-/*; but the Magi (cap.).
Magyar*, dominant race
in Hungary, also an Hun-
garian ; pron. ma'dyor ;
abbr. Mag.
magyarize*, etc., wo/ -ise.
" Mahabharata/* Indian
epic, accent on third
syllable.
Mahame/dan, -tan, use
Mohammedan *.
Mahan (Capt. A. T.),
1840-, Amer. naval writer;
pron. ma-han'.
Mahara/jah*, noi-ja, Ind.
title; pron. ma-ha-rah'ja ;
/em. -nee*, not -ni.
mahaut, use mahout*.
mahlstick, painter's hand-
rest, «5^maul-*.
mahlstrom, use mael- *.
Mahom/ed, -et, -edan,
-etan,M5^Mohammed*,
-an*.
mahout*, elephant-driver,
not -aut.
Mahratta*, Ind. race, not
Maratha, Marhatta.
Mahratti*, Indian dialect.
mahseer*, large fresh-
water fish, not the many
variations.
mahwa*, E. Indian tree,
not the many variations.
M.A.I., Member of the
Anthropological Institute.
maidan* (Ind., Pers.), an
esplanade, not -aun.
229
MAIDENHAIR — MALENTENDU
maidenhair* (bot.) (one
word).
maieutic*, helping child-
birth.
maigre * day (R.C.C.), one
when no flesh is eaten.
mailable* (U.S.A.), cap-
able of being sent by mail.
mala] (Fr. f.), a hand, also
a quire, abbr. M. : —
droite, right hand, abbr.
M.D. ; — gauche, left — ,
M.Q.
Maine, U.S.A.
offic.
abbr. Me.
Maine-et-IiOire, dep. Fr.
(hyphens).
Maine Liquor Law,
U.S.A.
mainprize*, not -ise.
main/sail*, -spring* (one
word).
Mainwaring, pron. man'-
ering.
Mainiz amRhein, Ger. for
Mayence on theEMne.
maisonj d* arret (Fr. f.),
prison ; — de cam-
pagne, country house ;
— de santif private
asylum ; — de vllle,
guildhall ; — gartlie, fur-
nished house.
maisonnette*, a small
house.
mai/re/, title of Fr. advocate,
abbr. M^ ; — d' hotel*
(Fr. ro.), house steward ;
k la , plainly pre-
pared with parsley (no
hyphen).
mattresse (Fr. f.), mis-
tress.
maiuscolla (It. typ.), cap-
ital letter; -etto, small
capital letter.
Maj., Major.
Majendie (Sir V. D.),
1836-98, Inspector of Ex-
plosives {see also Mag-).
Majeste (Sa) (Fr. f.), His,
orHer,Majesty,«o/5o« — .
Majesty.abbr.M. ; />/.MM.
major-domo *, a house
steward (hyphen); in It.
maggiordomo.
Major/, abbr. Maj.; —
-General (caps., hy-
phen), abbr. Maj.-Gen.
mijuscullae (Lat.), capital
letters ; in Fr. f. -es.
makarism, use maca- *.
make-believe* (hyphen).
make even (typ.), in com-
posing, the last word of
a "take" of copy to end a
full line ; same as end even.
makeshift* (one word).
make-up* (typ.), arrange-
ment of matter into pages.
make-weight* (hyphen).
Mai., Malachi, Malayan.
malac, malacology.
maladdress*, awkward-
ness (one word, not ital.) ;
in Fr. f, maladresse
(ital.).
malade imaginaire (Fr.
m.), imaginary invalid.
maladroit* (not ital.).
/na/a//yde*(Lat.),treacher-
ously; — fides*, bad
faith; mala in se (Lat.),
acts which are intrinsic-
ally wrong.
Malagasy*, native of
Madagascar.
malaise* (Fr. m.), discom-
fort.
mala praxis* (Lat.), bad
management
Malaprop (Mrs.), in
"The Rivals" by Sheri-
dan, 1775.
malapropos*, unseason-
ably ; inFr. malapropos.
Malayan, abbr. Mai.
malcontent*, not male-.
mal del mer* (Fr. m.),
sea-sickness; iBie
(m.), headache.
Maiden, Surrey.
mal du pays (Fr. m.),
home-sickness.
male, abbr. m., (bot., zool.)
sign i.
malentendu (Fr. m.),
mistake (one word).
230
MAL ENTENDU - MANHATTAN
tnal entendu (Fr.), mis-
understood (two words).
Malesherbes (C. G. de
Ij. de), 1721-94, Fr.
statesman {see also Mal-
herbe).
Malet (Lucas), pen-name
of Mrs. M.St. L. Harrison.
malgrSj* (Fr.), in spite of;
— elle, ditto herself; —
euXf — elles, ditto them-
selves; — luJ, ditto him-
self; — mo/, ditto myself.
Malherbe (Francois de),
1555-1628, Fr. writer {see
' also Malesherbes).
Mallow, Co. Cork.
malm*, brick earth, not
maum.
Malmaison, near Paris
(one word).
malm.sey*, a sweet wine,
not -sie, -esie, -asye.
Malplaquet (battle of),
1709.
malpractice*, misbeha-
viour, not -se.
malstrom, use mael- *.
Malte-Brun (K.), 1775-
1826, Fr. geographer.
Maltese cross, »]^ '^see also
cross, crux).
Malthus (T. R.)> 1766-
1 834, writer on population .
tniljum (Lat.), an evil, pi,
-a; malum] In se, an in-
trinsic evil ; — prohibit-
um, a prohibited wrong.
m. a m. (Fr.), mot a mot
(word for word).
mameluke*, Egyptian
mounted soldier, not
mama-, mamlouk, mem-
look, -luk.
mamillary*, not mammil-.
m.am.ma*, not mama.
mammja * (Lat.), a teat ; pi.
-as.
mammonize*, «o/-ise.
Man. (paper), Manila.
mian., manual.
Man (Isle of), abbr.
I.O.M., not I.M.
manacle*, fetter, not -icle.
331
Manacles, rocks off Com.
manage/ able*, -ment*.
manakin, ws^mani-*.
Manasseh (tribe of).
Manasses (Prayer of),
Apocr.
manatee*, the sea-cow ; in
Sp. manati.
manche (Fr. m.), a handle ;
(f.) a sleeve.
Manshe (La) (Fr.), the
English Channel.
Manchester, abbr.
Manch., or M/C.
man-child*, pi. men-
children * (hyphen).
Manchu/, -ria, -rian, of
Manchuria, not -00, -ow,
Mantchoo.
Mandalay, Burma, not
Mande-.
mandamus* (law) (not
ital.).
mandarin*, Chinese
official, not -ine.
mandatj (Fr. m.), power
of attorney ; — -posie,
money order (hyphen).
mandatary*, a person.
mandatory* (adj.), com-
manding.
mandioc, «5^ manioc*.
mandolin *, not -ine.
mandrel *, a spindle, «o/-il.
mandrill*, a baboon.
manbge* (Fr. m.), horse-
manship, riding-school
{see also mSnage).
manjet (Lat., theat.), he,
or she, remains ; pi. -etlt,
manganese*, symbol Mn*.
mangel-"wurzel*, not
mangle-, mangold-.
*• Mangnairs Ques-
tions,** not Mag-.
mango/ *, Ind. fruit, not-oe ;
pi. -es*.
mangold-^^nirzel, use
mangel *.
mangosteen*, tropical
fruit, not -an, -ine.
manhaden, use men-*.
Manhattan Island, New
York.
MANICH^EAN — MANUSKRIPT
ManichaBan*, not -ean.
manicle, a fetter, u3€
-acle*.
maniSrjS (Fr.), /em. -Se,
affected,
manifesto/*,/'/, -s*.
manikin*, not mana-,
manni-; in Fr. m. manne-
quin,
Manila/, Philippine Isles ;
— cheroot; — paper,
fwt -11a, abbr. Man.
manioc*, the cassava plant,
noi -dioc, -ihoc, -ihot,
-iocca.
maniplies, ws^many-*.
manipulator*, «o/ -er.
Manipur, S.E. India, ttoi
Munnepoor.
Manit., Manitoba.
Manks, of the I. of Man,
«5^Manx*.
Mann (Sir Horace^, 1701-
86, diplom.;— (Horace^,
1 796-1859, Amer. educa-
tionist.
mannequin (Fr. m.), a
manikin.
Mannheim, Baden, twt
Manh-.
Mannlicher rifle.
manoeuvr/e *, -ed *, -in g *.
man-of-war*, pi. men —
— * (hyphens).
man-of-war*s-man* (hy-
phens, apos.).
manqujS (Fr.), /ent. -Se,
unsuccessful.
M.A.N.S. (Amer.^, Mem-
ber of the Academy of
Natural Science.
Mansard (Fran9ois),
1598 - 1666, Fr. archi-
tect.
mansard roof* (not
cap.).
Mantchuria, use Mane-.
Mantegazza (Paolo),
1831-, It. anthropologist.
mantelet*, «o/ mantlet.
mantelpiece *, not mantle-
(one word).
mantilla* (Sp.), a short
mantle.
mantlet, a shelter, use
mante-*.
manual (mus.), abbr. man.
manufactur/e, -er, abbr.
mfr. ; -ed, mfd. ; -ers,
-es, mfrs. ; -ing, mfg.
manu forti (Lat.), by main
force.
manumit/*, -ted*, -ting*.
manu propria (Lat.), with
one's own hand.
manus (Lat. f.), the hand ;
pi. same.
manuscript*, abbr. MS.*
(a, ttot an), pi. MSS.*
(point at end only). It
should be written on one
side only of ruled quarto
paper, not very thin. One
inch blank margin on left-
hand side. Caps. /,y, T,S,
and I.e. /, e, /, nt, n, t, u, to
be written clearlj'. Un-
usual words, such as
proper names, to be in
printing characters. Each
leaf to be paged in con-
secutive order from the
first to the last : not each
chapter separately. Never
write corrections on back
of a leaf, but put in an
extra leaf and mark it,sa3',
23 A, B, or C. If a leaf
be deleted, say 24, mark
previous one 23-4. It is
often advantageous to have
original MS. typewritten,
when it can be revised as
a first proof, and thus
many " author's correc-
tions" saved. All MSS.
should be kept flat, and
not rolled ; if however
this be unavoidable, the
writing should be on the
convex side {see also foot-
notes).
manuscript abbrevia-
tions, see Abbrevia-
tions for lionghand.
manuscrit {Yr. m.), MS.
ManusJcript{Ger. n.),MS.;
also printer's copy.
23a
MANUTIUS — MARIE
Manutius/ (Aldus), 1450-
151 5, in It. Aldo Ma-
nuzzio; — — "the
younger," 1547-97; —
(Paulus), 151 1-74; It.
printers.
Manx*, of the Isle of Man,
not -ks; natives, Manx-
man*, /etM. -w^oman*,
pi. -en (each one word).
manyplies* (200I.), third
stomach of ruminants, not
mani-, mony-.
Manzanilla*, a brown
sherrj'.
'Maori*, sirtg. and pi. same.
tna petite (^Fr. f.), my
little (girl).
Mapledurham, Oxford
(one word).
maquereau (Fr. m.),
mackerel,
mar/*, -red*, -ring*,
mar., maritime.
Mar (Earl of), family
name Goodeve-Erskine
{see also Mar and
Kellie).
M.Ar. (Amen), Master of
Architecture.
marabou/ feather*, —
stork*, not -bout, -bu.
marabout*, N. Afr. monk
or hermit, not -but.
marabout (Fr. m.), a very
large coffee-pot.
Maracaibo, Venezuela, not
-ybo.
Maranatba* (Syriac),
"our Lord cometh."
Mar and Kellie (Earl
of), family name Erskine
{see also Mar),
maraschino*, a liqueur,
«o/-queno ; pron. maras-
kee'no,
Marat (J. P.), 1744-93,
assassinated by C.Corday.
Maratha, an Indian race,
use Mahratta*.
Marazion, Cornwall ; pron.
mar-a-zy'on.
marbled edges, see
edges.
marbleize* (U.S.A.), not
-ise.
marbrS (Fr.), marbled ; also
marbled edges of books,
March (month of) (typ.),
should not be abbreviated,
march., marchioness.
MMrcben (Ger. n.), a fairy-
tale ; pi. same.
marcAes/e*(It.), marquess;
/em. -a, marchioness.
Marco (G.), 1863-, chess
player.
Marcobrunner, a hock.
Marooni (Quglielmo),
1875-, electrician.
marconigram*, wireless
telegraph message.
mardi gras (Fr. m.),
Shrove-Tuesday.
marScball (Fr. m.), Field-
Marshal ; his wife, -e.
Mar^chal Niel, a rose.
mare*s-tail* (bot.) (apes.,
hyphen).
marg., margin, -al.
margarine *, not -in ; pyon,
g as in go.
Margaux (Ch&teau-), a
claret (hyphen).
marge (Fr. f.), margin.
marginalia (Lat,), mar-
ginal notes, is pi.
Marginaiie (Ger. f.), mar-
ginal note, also Rand-
vermerlc (cap.).
margins (typ.), the four
are called back, head,
fore-edge, and tail. A
good proportion of the
total margin is back and
head two-fifths to fore-
edge and tail three-fifths.
Margoliouth (D. S.),
1858-, theologian.
mariage de conve nance
(Fr. m.), marriage of con-
venience, not marr-.
Mariamne, wife of Herod
the Great.
Marie de* Medici, wife
of Henry IV of France
(de', not de); in Fr. d9
M6dicis.
233
MARINADE — M.A.S.
marinade* (Fr. cook. fO,
a pickle.
Marines ("Blue"), Royal
Marine Artillery ; —
("Red"), Royal Marine
Light Infantry.
marionette.
maritime, abbr. mar.
mirivaudage (Fr. m.),
daintily affected stj'le.
Maijoribanks, pron.
march'banks.
Mark (St.) (New Test.),
not to be abbreviated.
mark*, Ger. coin, abgut a
shilling ; never takes sign
of pi. ; abbr. M., or Mk.
market/, abbr. mkt. ; -ed,
-ing*.
Market/ - Drayton, —
-Harborough (hy-
phens).
market overt*, open mar-
ket.
market-place* (hyphen).
market town* (two
words).
marks of correction,
see proof correction
marks.
marks of reference
(typ.), * + t § II H {see
also foot-notes).
marline-spike*, not mar-
lin-, marling- (hyphen).
Marlow (Great), Bucks.
Marlowe (Christopher),
1563-93, dramatist.
marmoset*, a monkey.
Marocco, use Morocco.
Maroczy (Q.), 1870-,
chess player.
maroon*, very dark red,
not morone.
maroquin (Fr. m.), mo-
rocco leather.
Marprelate Contro-
versy (the).
marque (letters of)*,
those authorizing re-
prisals.
marque de fabrique
(Fr. f.), trade-mark.
marquess*, not -is, abbr.
M., or marq. ; /em.
marchioness*, abbr.
march. ; in Fr. mar'
qulsjj fern. -e.
Marquoi's scales, etc.
marriage, in Fr. m.
manage (one r).
marriageable*, Ko/ -gable,
married, abbr. m.
marron (Fr. m.), chestnut,
marrowfat*, a pea.
«' Marseillaise * (La),**
Fr. national song.
Marseilles*; in Fr. Mar-
seille, pron. mar-say',
marshal*/, -led*, -ler*,
-ling*.
Marsham (Viscount),
eldest son of Earl Romney
{see also Masham).
marten*, a weasel {see also
martin).
Marthas Vineyard,
island, U.S.A. (noapos.).
Martian*, of Mars,
martin*, a bird {see also
marten).
Martinengo - Cesaresco
(Countess E.), 1852-,
writer.
Martinique, W. Indies,
martingale*, not -gal.
Martinmas*, 11 Nov.
martyrize*, etc., not -ise.
marvel*/, -led*, -ling*,
-lous*.
Marvell (Andrew), 1621-
78, poet.
Marx (Karl), 1818-83,
Socialist.
Maryland, U.S.A., offic.
abbr. Md.
Marylebone, London,
formerly Mary-le-bone ;
pron. mar-i^un.
Marymass*, 25 March.
Marzials (Sir F. T.),
1840-, writer.
mas (Lat.), a male; pi.
mares,
mas (Sp.), but.
mas (Sp.), more.
M. A.S., Master of Applied
Science.
»34
MASC. — MATHEMATICS
masc, masculine.
Mascagni (Pietro),
1 863-, composer,
masouline, abbr. m., or
masc.
mashanahI*{Ara.h.,FeTs.,
Turk.), an exclamation of
wonder.
Masham (Baron), family
name Lister {see also
Marsh am),
mashie*, a golf club, not
-y-
Mashonaland, S.E. Afr.,
not Mashu-.
mashy, use mashie*.
tnasjid* (Turk.), a mosque,
not mus-.
mask*, not masque.
Mason (Freemasonry)
(cap.).
Masor/ah*, Heb. tradition,
not the many variations ;
-etic Text, abbr. M.T.
Mass, R.C. service (cap.).
mass (mech.), abbr. m.
Mass., Massachusetts
(offic. abbr.).
mass^ (Fr. m.), stroke at
billiards.
Mass6na (Andr6), 1758-
1817, Fr. marshal.
Massenet (J. !6. F.),
1 842-, Fr. composer.
Massereene (Viscount).
masseu/r*,/<pw. -se*.
Massey, family name 6f
Baron Clarina {see also
Massy),
massif * (geol.), a mountain
mass (not ital.).
Massora, use Masorah*.
Massy, fam. name of Baron
Massy (5^^ a/50 Massey).
Master, abbr. Mr. (point,
should not end line),
master-at-arms* (naut.),
first-class petty ' oflBcer
(hyphens).
master mariner *, captain
of a merchant vessel.
Master of the Bolls*,
abbr. M.B.
masterpiece* (one word).
master printer, the head
of a printing establish-
ment.
mast-head* (hyphen).
mastic*, «o/ -ich, -ick.
mat*, dull, not -tt.
mat., matins.
Matabele/, pi. same ;
-land, S. Afr. (one word).
matador*, Spanish bull-
slayer, not -ore.
match"WOod* (one word).
mat6, Paraguay tea, not
mate (not ital.).
matelot (Fr. m.), a sailor.
matelote* (Fr. cook, f.),
a rich fish stew.
tnatjer* (Lat.), mother ; pi.
-res.
materialize*, etc., «o^-ise.
materia medica*, science
of drugs (not ital.).
matSriel* (Fr. m.), every-
thing but the personnel of
an army or navy (ital.).
math., mathematics, -ical,
-ician.
mathematics (typ.), ref-
erences to foot-notes in
math, works to be marks
of reference (*, f, etc.),
and not superior figures,
as these may be mistaken
in the text for indices.
When letters are required
for formulae, use caps,
and I.e., not s.caps. If
the body of the text is in
roman, the I.e. letters
mustbeital.and vice versa,
except in the case of caps.,
which should be roman.
Whole numbers are set
without commas.as 13500,
not 13,500. A formula, if
detached from the text,
is generally set in the
middle of the line ; and if
it has to be carried on to
the next, thebreak is made
at an equal, minus, or plus
sign, which is carried over.
Abbr. miath. {see also
figures, fractions).
235
MATHEW — MAZURKA
Mathew (Lord Justice),
1830-.
Mathews (Charles),
I 776-1835, actor; —
(Charles James), 1803-
78, actor, dramatist, son
of former; — (Elkin),
publisher; — (Shailer),
1 863-, Amer. writer {see
also Matt-).
matin* (Fr. m.), morning.
matin* (Fr. m.}, mastiff.
matinSe*! (Fr.' f.), enter-
tainment by day; — must'
cale, ditto with music.
matins*, sometimes in
Prayer Book mattins,
abbr. mat.
matriculator*, not -er.
Matrimonial Causes
Acts (law) (no apos.).
matr/ix* (typ.), a mould
from which a stereo plate
is made ; also a mould
used in making the face
of a letter ; pi. -ices.
Matt., St. Matthew.
Mattei (Tito), 184 1-,
composer.
matter* (typ.), MS. or
copy to be printed, type
that is composed; live
or standing — , type
that has yet to be printed
from, electroed, or ster-
eoed ; dead — , type
ready for distribution.
Matthew (St.), abbr.
Matt.
Matthews( James Bran-
der), 1852-, American
writer {see also Math-).
mattress*,«o/-ass,matress.
Mau, India, use Mhow.
maud*, a wrap, not -de.
Maugrabin (Hayrad-
din), in " Quentin Dur-
ward."
Maulmain, Burma, not
Moul-, Maulmein.
maulstick*, not mahl-.
maum, ws^malm*.
Maundy Thursday *, day
before Good Friday, not
236
Maun day Thursday (two
words).
Maupassant (Guy de),
1850-93, Fr. writer.
Maupeou (R.W.C. A.de),
1714-92, Fr. chancellor.
Mauresque, use Mor- *.
mausole/um *, />/. -a.
mauvaise lionte* (Fr. f.),
shyness.
mauvaisj god I (Fr. m.),
bad taste ; — P^S, a
difficulty ; — quart
(Tbeure, a short un-
pleasant time ; — sujet*,
a ne'er-do-weel ; — ton *,
bad style.
Max., Maximilian.
max., maxim, maximum.
maxiilla*, the jaw;^/. -as*.
maxim/um *, the greatest ;
pi. -a*, abbr. max. (not
ital.).
Max O'Rell, pen-name of
Paul Blouet, 1848-1903.
Maxwell (J. Clerk),
1831-79, physicist, not
Clerk-Maxwell.
Maxwell-Lyte (Sir
H. C), 1 848-, writer.
May (month of), not to be
abbreviated,
may (tree) (not cap.),
maybe*, perhaps (one
word).
May Day, i May (caps.,
two words).
mayduke*, a cherry (one
word).
Mayence on the Rhine,
in Ger. Mainz am
Rhein.
Maylair, London (one
word),
mayonnaise* (Fr. /.), a
salad dressing (not ital.).
mayst (no apos.).
mazagran (Fr. m.), black
coffee served in a glass.
Mazarine Bible, 42-Iine,
first book printed from
movable types.
mazurka*, a Polish dance,
not mazou-.
M.B.
MEDITATIO
M.B., Media'nae Bacca-
laureus (Bachelor of
Medicine) ; M.B.Sc.
(Amer.), Master of Busi-
ness Science; M.B.T.A.,
Metropolitan Board
Teachers Association.
Mc, see Mac.
M.C., Master Commandant,
— of Ceremonies, — of
Surgery, (U.S. A.) Member
of Congress, — of
Council; M/C, Man-
chester; M.C.C., Mary-
lebone Cricket Club,
Middlesex County Coun-
cil ; M.C.D. (Amer.),
Doctor of Comparative
Medicine ; M.C.E.
(Amer.), Master of Civil
Engineering; M.Ch., Ma-
gister Chirurgise (ditto
Surgery) ; M.C.Ij., ditto
Civil Law; M.C.M.E.S.
(Amer.), Member of Civil
and Mechanical Engin-
eers' Society; M.Com.
(Birmingham), Master of
Commerce ; M.C.P.,
Member of the College
of Preceptors ; M.C.S.,
Madras Civil Service.
M.D., Medicine Doctor
(Doctor of Medicine),
Middle Dutch, (It. mus.)
mano destra (right hand),
(Fr. mus.) main droite
(right hand) ; Md.,
Maryland, U.S.A. (offic.
abbr.); m.d., month's
date; Mdlle, use Mile
(Mademoiselle) ; Mdme,
use Mme (Madame) ;
M.D.S., Master of Dental
Surgery ; mdse., mer-
chandise (usual in Amer.).
M.E., Mechanical Engineer,
Methodist Episcopal,
Middle English, Military
Engineer, Mining Engi-
neer, Most Excellent ;
Me., Maine, U.S.A. (offic.
abbr.) ; M^ (Fr.), maitre
(title of Fr. advocate).
me (it is), it is I, both per
missible in speech, but for-
mer should not be printed.
mea culpa (Lat.), by my
fault.
meagre*, not -er.
mealie*/,earof maize ;/>/.-s.
mealy-mouthed*, hypo-
critical (hyphen).
meantim.e* (one word).
raean while* (one word).
measur/e*, -able*, abbr.
m.eas.; (typ,), the width
of a page or column,
usually stated in pica ems ;
-ements {see figures).
meatjus * (Lat. ), a passage j
pi. 'US*,
M.E.C., Member of Exec-
utive Council.
Mecca*, capital of Arabia,
not Mekka, -ah, -eh.
Mecenas, use Msb- *.
m.ech., mechanics, -ical.
m.echanics, is singular.
Mechlin lace *, etc.
Mecklenburgh Square,
London, W.C.
Mecklenburg/- Schwer-
in, Strelitz, Ger.
M.E.D, (Amer.), Master
of Elementary Didactics.
med., medical, medicine,
medieval, medium.
medaille (Fr. f.), medal.
medal*/, -led*, -lion*,
-list*.
" Medecin malgr6 lui
(Le),*' by Moliere, 1666.
mediaeval*/, abbr. med.;
-ism*, -ist*, -ize*, etc.,
not medie-.
medical */, abbr. m.ed. ; —
signs, 2 dram, V\ minim,
•H misce (mix), | ounce,
O pint, 5t recipe.^ scruple.
medicinas (Lat.), of medi-
cine ; abbr. M.
Medina, river, I.W.
Medineh, Arabia.
mediocre* (not ital).
Medit., Mediterranean.
meditatio fugas (Lat., Sc.
law), contemplating flight.
237
MEDIUM — MENDICITY
medi/um*, pi. -a*, in
spiritualism -ums (not
ital.) ; abbr. med.
medium/ paper, ss^/^x
18V2 in. ; — folio, 18 x
11^2 ; — octavo, 9x6;
— quarto, 1 1^/2 x 9 {see
also books, paper).
Medjidie*, Turk, order;
medjidie*, Turk. coin.
med. jur., medical juris-
prudence.
Med.Ijat.,mediaeval Latin.
M6doc* (Fr. m.), a claret.
Meerut, Ind., not Merath,
Mi rat.
meetings (news, reports
of), speakers' names
usually s.caps., resolu-
tions double-quoted.
Meffert (Peter) (Ger.),
Mr. What's-his-name.
megalomania *, the delu-
sion of grandeur.
megavolt (elec), a million
volts.
megilp *, not -ph, magilp.
megohm* (elec), a million
ohms.
megrim*/, -s*, headache,
not migraine.
Meilhac (Henri), 1831-
97, dramatist.
meia tierr (Ger.), a
form of address, as Sir ;
pi. meiae Herren,
meiosis*(rhet.), diminution.
Meiringen, Switz., not
Mey-.
Meissonier (J. L. E.),
1813-91, Fr. painter.
" Meistersinger von
Kiimberg (Die),*'
opera by Wagner, 1867.
me judice (Lat.), in my
opinion.
Mekk/a, -ah, -eh, use
Mecca*.
M.E.L. (Amer.), Master of
English Literature.
Melanohthon (Philip \
1 497-1560, Luther's col-
league, not Melanct-.
Melanesia (Bp. of).
melange* (Fr. m.), a mix-
ture.
Melchi/zedek,in01dTest.;
-sedec in New Test.
mBl\€ (Fr.),/em. -6e, mixed.
mel6e* (Fr. f.), a fray (not
ital.).
Meliboean*, alternating,
not -aean, -ean.
melodrama* (one word).
Melton- Mowbray, Leics
(hyphen).
mem., memento, memorial.
member, abbr. M.
Member of Parliament
(caps.); abbr. M.P., /»/.
M.P.'s.
memento */, a souvenir, pi
-es*, abbr. mem. (not
ital.) ; in Fr. m. mS-,
memento morJ* ( Lat. ), re-
member that you must die.
meml/ook, -uk, use ma-
meluke*.
memoire (Fr. m.), bill,
report, treatise ; (f.) mem-
ory.
memorabilia* {Lat.),uote-
worthy things, is pi.
memorand/um*,^/. -a*;
abbr. memo.
memorialize*, «o/-ise.
memoria technica* (Lat.),
mnemonics.
memoriter* (Lat.), from
memory.
memorize*, to learn hy
heart, not -ise.
mem-sahib* (Ang.-Ind.).
the mistress of a house.
Menad, use Msb-*.
menage* (Fr. m.), a house-
hold (see also manbge).
menagerie*, not -ery.
mendacity*, falsehood.
Mendel§eff (Dmitri
Ivanovitch), 1834- 1907,
Russ. chemist.
Mendelssohn - Barthol-
dy (Felix), 1809-47,
composer.
Mendds (Catulle), 1841-,
Fr. writer.
mendicity*, begging.
238
MENELBK — METH.
Menelek, not -lik.
"M6nestrel (Iie\*' Fr.
musical periodical.
M.Eng., Master of Engin-
eering (Dublin).
menhaden*, a N. Amer.
fish, not man-.
mensa* (Lat.), a table ; a
mensa et to:o, from
bed and board (a kind of
divorce), not thoro.
mens sana In corpore
sano (Lat.), a sound
mind in a sound body.
mensirujum* (Lat.), a
solvent ; pi. -a *,
mensur., mensuration.
mentbe (Fr. cook, f.), mint,
not mi-.
Mentone (It.), S. Fr., pron.
men-to'ng ; in Fr. Men-
ton.
menu*/(Fr.m.), bill of fare,
pi. -s; — (order of),
hors-cCauvre (same in s.
and pi.), appetizers ;
potages, soups ; poissons,
fish ; releves, removes ;
entrees^ " made " dishes ;
rotis^ joints ; legumes^
vegetables; entremets, side
dishes ; gele'es, jellies ;
crimes, creams ;Jromages,
cheeses ; dessert, dessert ;
glaces, ices ; ca/e] coffee ;
liqueurs.
menu gibier{Fr. cook.m.),
small game, as grouse,
etc. ; menus plalsirs,
small pleasures.
Mephistophelian*, not
-ean.
mSpris (Fr. m.), contempt.
mSprlse (Fr. f.), mistake.
mer., meridian, meridional.
Meran, Tyrol.
Meratb, use Meerut.
Mercedes motor-car (6 d\
merchandise*, etc., not
-i2e;abbr.mdse(,U.S.A.).
Merchant/ Company
Schools, Edin. ; — Tay-
lors Company ; but —
Taylors' School (apos. ).
merci (Fr. m.), thanks ; (f.)
merc3'.
mercurialize*, «o/-ise.
mercury, symbol Hg.
merid/ian *, -ional *, abbr.
m., or mer.
meridies* (Lat.), noon;
abbr. m.
M6rim6e (Prosper),
1803-70, Fr. writer.
merlan (Fr. m.), whiting.
merle *, the common black-
bird, not merl.
Merrimac, river, U.S.A.,
not -ak.
merrythought*, the bone
(one word).
Merthyr Tydfil, S.
Wales (no hyphen).
mesalliance* (Fr. f.), mar-
riage with an inferior.
Mesdemoiselles *, abbr.
Miles, not Mdlles.
mesjid, use mus-,
mesmerize*, not -ize.
Meso-Qothic, not Mae-,
Moe- ; abbr. M.Goth.
Mesolonghi, use Mi-.
Messageries Maritimes,
" La Compagnie des
Services Maritimes des
Messageries," a Fr. ship-
ping company.
Messiah*, Messianic*.
Messieurs* (Fr.), abbr.
MM. ; sing. Monsieur.
Messrs., sing. Mr. (point
at end).
mestee, use mus- *.
mestizo*, one of Sp. and
Amer.-Ind. blood, not
-ino.
met., metronome.
metal*/, -led*, -'ing*.
metal., metallurgy.
metamorphose*, to trans-
form, not -ise, -ize.
metaph., metaphysics,
-ical, -icaUy, -ician, meta-
phor, -ical, -ically.
meteor., meteorology.
meter, 3937 inches, use
metre*.
Meth., Methodist.
239
METHODIZE — MICRO-VOLT
methodize*, not -ise.
wStier* (Fr. m.), a handi-
craft.
metonyxQy*, change of
name ; abbr. meton.
Met.R., Metropolitan Rail-
way (London).
metre*/, 39-37 inches,/*/, -s,
abbr. m. ; in Fr. mhtre,
in Get. Meter,
mietrology*, science of
weights and measures ;
abbr. metrol.
metronom.e*, abbr. M.,
or met. ; Maslzel's — ,
M.M.
m.etronymic*, name taken
from female ancestor, not .
ma-.
metropol/is*, pi. -ises ;
-itan ; abbr. m.etrop.
mettrej au net (Fr.), to
make a fair copy ; — k la
questiODy to torture ; —
en question^ to doubt.
meum^l (Lat.), mine; —
and tuum*, mine and
thine, not et tuunt,
Meux, proK. mewz.
Mex., Mexico, -an.
m.ezereon* (bot.), «o/-eum.
mezzanine floor*.
mezzjo* (It. m\is),fem. -a,
half, medium ; abbr. M. ;
p7-on. med'so.
mezzo-rilievo*, mezzo-
soprano* (hyphens).
mezzotint*, a print from
an intaglio copper -plate
engraved by hand (one
word, not ital.).
M.F. (paper), mill-finish ;
mf (mus.), mezzo-forte
(rather loud) ; M.F.B.,
Metropolitan Fire Brig-
ade
mfd., manufac-
tured, (elec.) microfarad ;
mfg., manufacturing ;
M.F.H. *, Master of Fox-
hounds ; mfr., manufac-
ture, -er ; mfrs., manufac-
tures, -ers.
M.G. (mus.), main gauche
(left hand), (Sw.) medical
gymnast ; Mg, mag-
nesium ; mg., milligram,
-s; M.Goth., Meso-
Gothic; M.Qr., Middle
Greek; Mgr, Monsignor,
Monseigneur,/>/. Mgrs.
M.H. (Amer.), Master of
Horticulture ; MHG.,
Middle High German (one
point only) ; M.H.K.,
Member of the House of
Keys (I.O.M.).
mho* (elec), unit of con-
ductivity.
M.Hon., Most Honourable.
Mhow, Ind., not Mau,
Mhau.
M.H.R., Member of the
House of Representatives.
M.I., Mounted Infantry.
miasm/a* (Gr.), noxious
emanation ; pi. -ata*.
Mic, Micah.
m'l'Careme (la) (Fr.),
Mid- Lent; pi. les mi-
caremes (hyphens).
M.I.C.E., erroneous for
M.Inst.C.E.
Mish., Michaelmas, Michi-
gan (offic. abbr.).
Michel (Louise), 1830-
1905, Fr. anarchist.
Michelangelo Buonar-
roti, 1475-1564, sculptor,
etc.(two words, not three).
Michigan, off. abbr. Mich.
Mickiewicz (Adam),
1 798 -1 855, Polish poet.
Micmac, N. Amer. Indians
(one word).
microcosm*, the little
world {see also ma-).
micro-farad* (elec), the
millionth of a farad, abbr.
mfd.; -hm*, ditto ohm ;
-millimetre *, ditto milli-
metre, S3'mbol (x ; -n, ditto
metre, 1/25,400 inch,
symbol fx.
microphotograph*/, -y*
(one word).
micros., microscopy, -ist.
micro- volt* (elec), the
millionth of a volt.
240
MID. — MILLMAN
mid., middle.
Mid-Calder, Midlothian
(caps., hyphen).
midday* (one word).
middle *, abbr. M., or m.id.
middle/-aged* (hyphen).
Middle Ages* (caps.).
m.iddle class*(two words),
middleman* (one word).
Middlesbrough, Yorks,
not -borough.
Middleton (Baron), fam.
name Willoughby {see also
Midleton, Mydd-).
Mid. Lat., Latin of the
Middle Ages.
Mid-Lent, fourth Sunday
in Lent (caps., hyphen).
Midleton (Viscount),
fam. name Brodrick (see
also Midd-, Mydd-).
Midlothian (one word),
midriff*, not -if.
midships* (one word).
Midsomer Norton, Som.
midsummer* (one word).
Midsummer Day*, 24
June (two words, caps.),
midw^inter* (one word).
M.I.E.E., Member of the
Institution of Electrical
Engineers.
Miers (Sir H. A.), 1858-,
mineralogist (see also
Myers, Myres).
mightst (no apos.).
Mignet (F. A. M.), 1796-
1884, Fr. historian,
mignonette* (bot.) {see
also minionette).
migraine, a headache, use
megrim*, -s*.
M.I. J., use M.J.I.
mi/nbeetf ordinary Dutch
form of address— as Sir;
in Ger. mein Herr,
mijoter (Fr.), to cook
slowly.
mil*, one thousandth of an
inch (no point).
mil., military, militia.
Milbank (Sir Powlett
C. J.), 1852- (see also
Mill-).
24
Milbanke (Sir J. Peni-
Ston), 1872- {see also
Mill-).
mileage *, not milage.
mile */, -S * , abbr. m. ; (typ. )
any considerable number
to be printed in figures ;
geogr. or naut. — , 6080
feet ; statute — , 5280
feet; in Fr. m. tnillel, -S.
Miles Platting, Man-
chester.
military*, abbr. mil.
Military Academy, abbr.
M.A.
Militia*, abbr. M., or mil.
Milky Way* (astr.) (caps.) .
mill*, abbr. m.
MHlbank, London, S.W.
{see also Milb-).
tollle (Fr. m.), a thousand,
abbr. M. ; also a mile.
millenary*, of a thousand.
millennium*/,//, -s* (two
/'s, two m's).
mWe passu s (Lat.), 1000
paces of five feet, or the
Roman mile; abbr. M.P.
millepede * (zool. ) , not -ed,
milli-.
Miller & Richard's type
is " revived old style,"
as this.
Millers Dale, Derby.
Milles, family name of Earl
Sondes (5^^ also Mills).
Millet(Aim6),i8i9-9i,Fr.
sculptor; — (Jean-Pran-
Cois),i8i4-75,Fr. painter.
milliampere, abbr. ma.
milliard*, a thousand
millions.
milligram, "015 grain,
off. Board of Trade spell-
ing, not -mme ; abbr. for
one or more, mg.
raillimetre*, -03937 of an
inch, off. Board of Trade
spelling, not -er ; abbr.
for one or more, mm.
millionaire *, mo/ -on n aire.
millipede, use mille-*.
Millman Street, Bedford
Row, London,
I 16
MIIiIi-REAM — MISCIBLE
mill-ream {see ream of
paper).
Mills, family name of Baron
Hillingdon (see also
Milles).
Milltown (Earl of) {see
also Milt-).
Milman (H. H., Dean),
1 791-1868.
Milman's Street, Chelsea
(apos.).
Milne - Edwards (Al-
phonse), 1835- ; — Hen-
ri), 1800-85, naturalists.
Milnes, pron. mills.
milreis*. Port, coin about
4s. 5d. Eng., noi -rea, mill-
ree, -ei.
Milton (Viscount) {see
also Mill-).
Milto^wn, Kerry.
Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
U.S.A.
M.I.M.E., Member of the
Institution of Mining
Engineers.
M.I.Mech.E., Member of
the Institution of Mech-
anical Engineers,
mimic*/, -ked*, -king*,
min., minim, minimum,
mining, minister, minor,
minute, -s.
M.I.W.A., Member of the
Institution of Naval
Architects.
mincemeat* (one word).
Minchinhampton, Glos
(one word).
Minehead, Somerset (one
word).
mineralize*, not -isc.
mineralog/y*, -ieal*,
abbr. mineral.
m.inever, use mini-*.
Mini6 (C. Jfi.), 1814-79,
inventor of rifle, etc.;
pron. min'6.
minim*, a drop; abbr.
min., sign Tiy.
m.inimize*, «o/-ise.
minim/um*, pi. -a* (not
ital.); abbr. min.
mining*, abbr. min.
24a
minion type*, seven point,
ten lines to the inch, as this.
minionette* (Amer.typ.),
a bastard body, i ^^^ lines
to the inch (5^^ also mi-
gnonette).
minister*, abbr. min.
Minister . of Ways
of Communication
(Russ.) (caps.). .
minium*, redoxide oflead.
miniver*, a fur, not -ever.
Minn., Minnesota, U.S.A.
(offic. abbr.).
Minneapolis, U.S.A.
minor*, abbr. min.
Min./ Plen., Minister
Plenipotentiary ; — Res.,
ditto Residentiary.
M.Inst.CE., Member of
the Institution of Civil
Engineers (oflSc), not
M.I.C.E.
Mint (the) (cap.).
minuet*, a dance, or its
music, not -ette.
minus* (Lat.), less {not
ital.), sign — .
mlnusculjas (Lat.), lower-
case letters ; sing, -a, in
Fr. f. -e.
minute*/, -s*, abbr. m., or
min., sign ' ; — mark ('),
symbol for feet, minutes,
also placed after a syllable
on which the stress falls.
minuti/8B* (Lat.), small de-
tails; sing, -a* (not ital.).
miny*, mine-like, not -ey.
mirabilej dictu (Lat.),
wonderful to relate ; —
V/SW, ditto see.
mirky, dark, use murky*.
miry*, mire-like, not -ey.
Mirzapur, Ind., «o/-pore.
misadvice*, bad counsel.
misadvise*, to give bad
counsel.
misc., miscellaneous, mis-
cellany.
miscellanea (Lat.), mis-
cellanies, \spl.
miscible, capable of being
mixed.
MISCUE — M.M.
miscue (billiards) (one
word).
misdemeanour, not -or.
yW*'* (Fr.), marquise (mar-
chioness), not Mise.
mise en sc^ne (Fr. f.),
scenery, stage effect.
misfeasance, a wrongful
act ; (law) a trespass.
misfire, use miss-.
Mishna, a collection of
Jewish precepts, not -ah.
misle, use mizzle.
misletoe, use mistle-.
mismanagement.
misogam/y, hatred of
marriage; -ist.
misogyn/y, hatred of
women ; -ist.
misprint (typ.), a typo-
graphical error.
Miss., Mission, -ary, Mis-
sissippi (offic. abbr.).
missal (Lat.), a religious
Mass ; — cantata, one
held without deacon and
subdea<:on ; — catechu-
menorttm, one for
catechumens ; — fide-
lium, Mass of the
faithful.
Missal (Ger. typ.), forty-
four point type (cap.).
missel - thrush, use
mistle-.
misseltoe, use mistle-.
mis/send, to send incor-
rectly ; -sent.
missfire (one word), not
misf-.
misshapen (one word).
Mission/, -ary, abbr. Miss.
Mississippi, river and
State, U. S. A. ; offic.
abbr. Miss.
Missolonghi, Greece, not
Meso-.
Missouri, river and State,
U.S.A.; offic. abbr. Mo.
mis /spell, -speak,
-spend, -spent, -state
(one word).
mist (naut.)j abbr. m.
mistakable, not -cable.
Mister, abbr. Mr. (point,
should not end line).
mistle, use mizzle.
mistle - thrush, not
missel-.
mistletoe, not missel-,
misle-.
mistral (Fr. m.), cold
N.W. wind in S. France.
Mistress,abbr. Mrs. (point,
should not end line).
Mithridates, 136-63 e.g.
Mitilene, Greece, useMy-.
mitreing, not mitring.
Mitteilungj (Ger. f.),
communication, not
Mitth- ; pL -en.
Mittel (Ger. typ. ' n.),
"English" type.
mixable, «o/ -cable, -ible.
mizen (naut.), not -zzen.
mizzle, fine rain, not misle,
mistle.
M.J.I., Member of the
Institute of Journalists ;
M.J.S., Member of the
Japan Society.
Mk., mark (Ger. coin) ;
Mkt., Market.
M.Xj., Licentiate in Mid-
wifery, Medieval Latin,
Middle Latin ; Ml., mail ;
M.Ij.A., Member of the
Legislative Assembly,
Modern Language Associ-
ation; M.L.C, Member
of the Legislative Coun-
cil; MLG., Middle Low
German (one point only) ;
Mile, -s. Mademoiselle,
Mesdemoiselles (in Fr.
no point after abbr.);
M.Xi.K.Q., muzzle-load-
ingrifledgun; M.L.S.C,
Member Lond. Society of
Compositors.
M.M. (Freemason.), Master
Mason, (Amer.) medical
man, (mus.) Maelzel's
metronome ; MM. (Their)
Majesties, 2000, (Fr.) Mes-
sieurs (Sirs) ; mm., mil-
limetre, -s ; m.m., mutatis
mutandis (with the neces-
243 16 *
M.M.E. — MOLYBDENUM
sary changes); M.M.E.
(Amen), Master of Me-
chanical Engineering ;
Mme (Fr.), Madame,
/>/.Mmes (in Fr. no point
after the abbr.); M.M.P.,
Militar}-- Mounted Police ;
M.M.S., Moravian Mis-
sionary Society ; M.Mus.
(Amer.), Master of Music.
Mn, manganese; M.N.A.S.
(Amer.), Member of the
National Academy of
Sciences ; M.N.I., Ma-
dras Native Infantry ;
M.N.S. (Amer.), Member
of the Numismatical So-
ciety.
M.O. , MoneyOrder, (Amer. )
Master of Oratory ; Mo.,
Missouri (offic. abbr.) ;
Mo, molybdenum; mo.,
month, -s.
mob/, -bed, -bing.
mobilize, not -ise.
moccasin, Indian shoe, not
the many variations.
Mocha, coffee ; in Fr. m.
Moka.
mock-turtle soup (one
hyphen).
mod., moderate, modern.
mod., nioderato.
mode (Fr. m.), method,
(gram.) mood; (f.) fashion.
model/, -led, -ler, -ling.
moderate, abbr. mod.
moderato (It. mus.),
moderate ; abbr. mod.
Mod4rje,/em. -Se, a Mod-
erate in French politics.
modem, abbr. mod.
m.odem-face type, that
most used in newspapers,
as this.
modernize, not -ise.
modicum, a small quantity
(not ital.).
modif/y, -ied, -jing.
modiste (Fr.f.), milliner.
Modjeska (Helena),
1844-, actress.
modo preescripto (Lat.),
as directed.
Mods., Moderations, the
First Public Examination,
Oxford University.
modulus (math.), sign /x.
modus I operandi (Lat.),
a plan of working ; —
Vivendi, a temporary
arrangement pending de-
bate.
moelle de boeuf (Fr. cook.
f.), beef marrow.
Mceso- Gothic, use Me-.
Moet et Chandon, cham-
pagne manufacturers.
maeurs (Fr. f. pi.),
manners, customs.
Mogul, a Mongolian, not
Moghal, -hul, Mughal.
M.O.H.. Medical Officer
of Heallh.
Mohammed*, founder of
Islam, not Mahomet,
Muhammad.
Mohammedan/*, -ism*,
not Mahomedan, -etan,
Mohammadan, Muham-
medan, -adan ; abbr. Mo-
ham.
Mohawk, N. Amer. Indian,
not Mohock.
Mohocks, band of London
ruffians i8th cent.
moir6 (Fr.), watered.
mois (Fr. m.), month,
ahhr. mj (see a/so month).
Moka (Fr. m.), the best
coffee ; in Eng. Mocha.
molasses, not moll-.
Moleyns (de),/>n>«. mul'-
ens.
Molidre, stage-name of
Jean-Baptiste Poquelin,
1622-73, Fr. dram.
Moll (Ger. mus.), minor.
Mollah, use Mu-.
moUasses, use mola-.
mollusc, not -usk.
Moloch, a dread influence,
not -eck.
motto (It.), much, very,
mol. wt., molecular
weight.
molybdenum, symbol
Mo.
244
MOMBASA — MONTH
Mombasa, E. Africa, net
-assa.
moment/um, pi. -a (not
ital.).
Mommsen (Theodor),
1817-1903, historian.
Mon., Monday.
Mon, Monmouthshire.
mon., monastery, mon-
etary.
tnonl ami (Fr.), fem. —
amiCf my friend ; — cher,
fem. ma chhrCy my dear.
Monatsschrift (Ger. f.),
, monthly journal (cap.).
Moncbsschrlft (Ger. ty p.),
pointedblack letter (cap.).
Monck (Viscount) {see
also Monk).
Moncreiff (Baron).
Moncreiffe (Sir R. D.).
Moncrieff (SirA.), 1829- ;
— (Sir C. C. Scott-),
1836-.
Monday, abbr. M., or
Mon.
monde (Fr. m.), the
world, society.
mon DIeu ! (Fr.) really !
monetize, not -ise.
money/, pi. -s, not -ies;
-ed, «o/monied ; — order,
abbr. M.O. {see also fig-
ures, punctuation,
XXI, 3).
Monghyr, Bengal.
mongoose, use mun-.
monk (typ.), a patch of
letterpress with too much
ink.
Monk Bretton (Baron)
{see also Monck).
Monmouthshire, abbr.
Mon.
monocle, a single eyeglass.
monoousious, of identi-
cally the same substance,
monopol/ism, -ist, -ize,
-y.
Monroe doctrine.
Mons., this abbr. for
Monsieur must never be
used, it being regarded as
an insult in France.
Monseigneur/ (Fr.), abbr.
Mgr ;/>/.Messeigneur8,
Mgrs {see also Monsi-).
Monsieur/ (Fr.), Mr., Sir,
abbr. (to be used in third
person only ) M. ;/>/. Mes-
sieurs, abbr. MM. ; —
Chose, Mr. What's-his-
name {see also Mons.).
Monsignor/, R.C.C. title,
abbr. Mgr. ; pi. -s, abbr.
Mgrs.; It. -e^pl. -L
monsoon, not -son, -zoon.
Mont., Montana, U.S.A.
(offic. abbr.).
Mont Blano (caps.).
mont-de-plStS (Fr. m.).
Government pawnshop ;
pi. montS' (hy-
phens).
motttiS (Fr.), /em. -ie,
prepared, or set up.
Monte Cristo, not —
Christo.
Montefiascone, It. wine,
not -SCO (one word).
Montenegr/o ; a native,
-in (one word).
Monte B.osa,S witz. (caps. ,
two words).
Montesquieu (C. de S.),
1689-1755, Fr. writer;
pron. m6nt-es-kyuh'.
Montesquiou (J. !P. de),
assassinated the Prince
of Conde, 1569; —
(Madame de), guardian
of Napoleon's son.
Montevideo (one word).
Montgomerie, fam. name
of Earl of Eglinton ; —
(Alexander), 1556-
1610, So. poet.
Montgomery, second title
of Earl of Pembroke, town
and county in Wales,
also town in Alabama,
and Punjab,
month/, -s, abbr. m., or
mo. ; — (day of the)
(typ.), to be thus, 25 Jan.,
not Jan. 25. In Fr. the
names of the months do
not take caps., as Janvier.
345
MONTPEIilER — MORRIS
Montpelier, Vermont,
U.S.A.
Montpellier, dep. Fr.
Mont-Saint-Michel, dep.
Manche, Fr. (caps., hy-
phens); in Cornwall,
Mount Saint Michael.
Montserrat, Sp. and Les-
ser Antilles (one word).
Montyon prizes, of Fr.
Academy, not Month-.
monyplies, use ma-.
Mooltan, not Mu-.
moon, abbr. m. ; sign for
new, ; first quarter, ]) ;
full, O > J^t quarter, ^ .
moonlight (one word).
moonsbee, ust munshi.
Moore (Sir John), 1761-
1809, General; —
(Thomas), 1 779-1852,
"the bard of Erin" {see
also More).
Mooslim, use Moslem,
Moosonee (Bp. of).
mop/, -ped, -ping.
mop/e, -ed, -ing, -ish.
moqueuir (Fr.),fem. -jse,
a mocker, mocking.
Mor., Morocco.
moral (Fr. m.), mental or
moral faculties, spirit (of
an army), not -le.
morale (Fr. f.), morals,
moral (of a fable).
moralize, not -ise.
Moray, or Elginshire,
not Morayshire.
morbidezza (It. art), ex-
treme delicacy.
morbus {cholera), (ital.).
morceauj (Fr. m.), a
morsel, also short mus.
piece ; pi. -x,
mordant, a dye fixer.
Mordaunt (Sir O. Ij*E.).
More (Hannah), 1745-
1833, religious writer ;
— (Sir Thomas), 1478-
1535, statesman and writer
{see also Moore).
morel Hibernico (Lat.),
in Irish style ; — ma-
Jorum, ancestor-like.
246
morel, an edible fungus,
not -lie.
morello cherry, not -a.
moreover, not moro-.
Moresque, Moorish, not
Mau-.
more SUO (Lat.), in his,
or her, own peculiar way.
Moreton (Baron) {see also
Morton).
Moreton-in-the-Marsh,
Glos.
Morgagni (G. B.), 1682-
1771, anatomist.
morganatic marriage
(not caps.).
Morghen (R. S. C),
1 758-1833, engraver.
morgue (Fr. f.), a mortu-
ary ; haughtiness.
Morison (J. A. Cotter),
1832-88, writer {see also
Morr-).
Morland (George), 1763-
1804, painter.
Morley (Earl of).
Mornay (Duplessis-),
1549-1623, Fr. statesman.
morning, abbr. mom.
Morny (due de), 181 1-
65, Fr. statesman.
Morocc/o, abbr. Mor. ;
-an, not Ma-.
morocco leather (not
cap.); french — — ,
a low grade with small
grain ; levant — — ,
high grade with large
grain ; persian — — ,
the best, usually finished
on the grain side.
morone, use maroon.
morph., morphology.
Morpheus, god of sleep,
not -aeus.
morphia, a drug.
morphoea, a skin dis-
ease.
Morphy (Paul), 1837-84,
chess player.
Morris ( Gou vemeur) ,
1 752-1816, Amer. states-
man.
morris dance, not -ice — .
MORRISON — MOUNT
Morrison(Robert), 1782-
1834, Chinese scholar (see
also Mori-),
mortalize, not -ise.
«*Morte Arthure," Ar-
thurian tale.
mortgag/ee, one to whom
a mortgage is granted ;
-er, one who mortgages ;
in law, -or.
mortice, use -ise.
mortifiS (Fr. cook.), well
hung (of meat, etc.).
mortis causa (Lat., Sc.
law), in contemplation of
death.
mortise and tenon, a
joint for wood, not -ice
Morton (Earl of),
Morvan (Le), Fr. district.
Morven, the hills in Mull.
Morvem, Argyl.
Mosaic, of Moses.
mosaic, inlaid.
Mosel/, Ger. river ; in Fr. f.
-le.
Moseley, a Birmingham
suburb {see also Mosl-).
Moselle, a white wine.
Mosely Education
Commission, 1903 {see
also Moz-).
Moses* law.
Moslem, a follower of
Mohammed, not -im,
Mooslim, Muslim.
Mosley (Sir Oswald),
1848- (see also Mose-,
Moz-).
mosquito/, pi. -es, not
moscheto, musketoe, mus-
quito.
Most High, asDeity(caps.).
mot (Fr. m.), a word ;
mot k mot, word for
word, abbr. m. h m.
motet (mus.), a sacred com-
position, not -ett, mottett.
•* Mother Hubberd*s
Tale,** by Spenser, 1591.
mother-in-law, pi. mo-
thers ; mother-of-
pearl (hyphens).
motif (Fr. mus. m.), a
theme.
Motley (J. Lothrop),
1814-77, Amer. historian
(see also Mott-).
motley, a mixture, not -ly.
motoj (It. mus.), motion ;
con — , with more rapid
motion ; — cotttinuo,
constant repetition ; —
contrario, contrary
motion ; — obbliquo,
oblique motion ; — pre-
cedente, at the pre-
ceding pace ; — primo,
at the first pace ; —
retto, direct or similar
motion.
motor-car (hyphen).
mottl/e, -ed, -ing.
Mottley (John), 1692-
1750, dramatist (see also
Motl-).
motto/, pi. -es.
motu proprio (Lat.), of
his own accord.
mouchard (Fr. m.), a
police spy.
mouciioir {Fr. m.), pocket-
handkerchief.
mouezzitiy use mue-.
mouflon (Fr. m.), a wild
sheep, not mouff-, muf-.
mouiile (Fr.),softened,wet.
moujik, use muzliilc.
mould, not mold.
moule (Fr. f.), mussel.
Moulmain, Burma, use
Maul-.
moult, a shedding, not molt.
Mounet-Sully (Jean),
184 1-, Fr. actor.
Mount/, -ain, abbr. Mt.;
pi. Mts.
Mount Auburn, Mass.,
noted cemetery ; Mount-
cashell (Earl) (one
word) ; Mountcharles,
Donegal (one word) ;
Mount Charles, Corn-
wall (two words) ;
MountcoUins, Limerick
(one word) ; Mount
Edgcumbe (Earl of)
847
MOUNTQARRET — M.S.B.L.
(two words) ; Mount-
garret CViscount) (one
word) ; Moiintmorres
(Viscount) (one word) ;
Mount Saint Michael,
Cornwall, in Fr. Mont-
Saint-Michel; Mount
Stephen (Baron) (two
words).
Moume Mountains, Ire.
mousselinej (Fr. f.), fine
muslin; de-Iaine, un-
twilled woollen cloth.
mousseulx (Fr.), fern,
-se, foaming, as wine.
moustache, not mus-.
mousy, mouse-like, ftot
-ey.
moutarae (Fr. f.), mus-
tard.
mouthpiece (one word).
mouion (Fr. m.), mutton.
movable, in legal work
moveable.
Mowat (Sir Oliver).
Mowatt (Sir Francis).
ino^eil/(Fr.m.>, medium; —
age 7e), the Middle Ages.
moyenne (Fr. f.), average.
Mozart (W. A.), 1756-91,
Austrian composer.
Mozartean, not -ian.
Mozley (J. B.), 1813-78,
theologian.
M.P., Member of Parlia-
ment, Methodist Protest-
ant, Metropolitan Police,
niille passus (a thou-
sand paces — the Roman
mile), Municipal Police,
(Amer.) Master of
Painting; mp (It. mus.^,
mezzo-piano; M.P.C.,
Member of Parliament,
Canada; M.Ph. (Amer.),
Master of Philosophy ;
M.P.Ii. (Amer.), Master
of Polite Literature ;
M.P.P., Member of
Provincial Parliament ;
M.P.S., Member of the
Pharmaceutical Society
(of Great Britain), ditto
Philological Society.
M.R., Master of the
Rolls, Midland Railway ;
Mr., Master, Mister,
pi. Messrs. (point at
end, neither should end
a line) ; M.R.A.S.,
Member of the Royal
Asiatic Society, ditto
Royal Academy of Sci-
ence; M.R.C.C., ditto
Royal College of Chem-
istry; M.R.C.O., ditto
Organists ; M.R.C.P.*,
ditto Royal College of
Physicians; M.R.C.P.E.,
ditto of Edinburgh ;
M.R.C.P.I., ditto of Ire-
land; M.R.C.S.*, ditto
Royal College of Sur-
geons ; M.R.C.S.E.,
ditto of Edinburgh ;
M.R.C.S.I., ditto of
Ireland ; M.R.C.V.S.,
ditto Royal College of
Veterinary Surgeons ;
M.R.I., ditto Royal In-
stitution ; M.R.I. A., ditto
Royal Irish Academy ;
Mrs., Mistress (point at
end, should notend a line) ;
M.R.S.L., Memberof the
Royal Society of Litera-
ture; M.R.U.S.I., ditto
Royal United Service In-
stitution.
MS., tnanuscriptum (manu-
script), pi. MSS. (large
caps., point at end only
for both) {see also manu-
script) ; M.S., Master
of Science, ditto Surgery,
memorix sacrum (sacred
to the memory of),
(It. mus.) mano sinistra
(the left hand); M.S. A.,
Member of the Society of
Apothecaries (of London),
also of Arts ; (Amer.)
Master of Scientific Agri-
culture, ditto Science and
Arts; M.S. & L.R.,
Manchester, SheflBeld, and
Lincoln {now Great Cen-
tral) Railway; M.S.B.L.,
248
M.S.C. — MURDOCH
Member (late) School
Board, London; M.S.C.,
Madras Staff Corps,
Medical Staff Corps ;
M.Sc, Master of Science
(Durham and Victoria
Univ.);M.S.D.(Amer.),
Master of Scientific Di-
dactics; M.S.H., Master
of Staghounds; m.S.l.,
mean sea-level ; MSS.,
ntanuscripta (manuscripts)
{see also manuscript).
M.T., Massoretic Text (of
Old Test.) ; (railway)
empty coach ;Mt., Mount,
-ain ; Mt. Rev., Most
Reverend ; Mts., Moun-
tains.
MuchDewchurch, Here-
ford ; Much Wenlock,
Salop (two words).
Muckross, Killamey, Ire-
land.
mucous (adj.).
mucus (noun).
mud/, -died, -djdng.
Mudki, Punjab, not Mood-
kee.
muezzin, Mohammedan
crier, not mou-.
muffetee, a wristlet.
mufti (Arab.), a magistrate,
not -tee (ital.).
m.ufbi (in), in civilian dress
(not ital.).
Mughal, use Mogul.
mugwump (Amer. poli-
tics) (one word).
Muhammad, use Mo-
hammed.
Miihlhausen, Saxony.
mulatto/, pi. -es.
mulch, half-rotten veget-
able matter, not -sh.
muietiYr.m.), grey mullet,
also he-mule.
Miilhausen, Alsace.
mull- of (to make a), not
mol.
Mullah, Moham. title of
respect, not the many
variations.
mullein (bot.), not -en.
Miiller (P.M. or "Max**),
1823- 1900, philologist.
mulligatawny, a soup,
not muli-, mulla-.
muUion (building), not
munnion.
Mulock (Dinah M., later
Mrs. Craik), 1826-87,
wrote "John Halifax."
mulsh, use mulch.
Multan, Punjab, ms^ M00-.
multimillionaire, a pos-
sessor of several million
pounds (one word).
multiple mark (typ.), the
sign of multiplication x .
multiplepoinding (So.
law) (one word).
multum in parvo (Lat.),
much in small compass.
mumbo-jumbo, an object
of popular homage (hy-
phen).
Muncazy, see Munkdcsy.
** Munchausen (Baron),
Adventures of** ; Ger.
Miinchhausen.
Miinchen, German for
Munich.
mungoose/, not the many
variations; //. -s.
m unicipalize,etc. , not -ise.
Munkd-osy (Mihaly),
pseudonym of Michael
Lieb, 184 4-1900, Hun-
garian painter.
Munnepoor, use Mani-
pur.
munnion, use mull-.
Munro-Ferguson(R.C.),
i86o-,politician(hyphen).
munstli (Ind.), a writer,
not moonshee.
Munster, Ireland.
Miinster, Alsace, West-
phalia.
muntjao, a S. Asian deer,
not -jack, -jak.
Muntz*s metal.
mur (Fr. m.), a wall.
mitr (Fr. adj.), ripe.
Murano glass.
Murdoch (John), 1747-
1824, friend of Burns.
249
MURDOCK — MYDDELTON
Murdock (William),
1 754-1839, inventor of
coal - gas lighting, not
-och.
mure (Fr. f.), mulberry.
murky, dark, ttot mi-.
Miirren, Oberland, Switz.
miurrhine, fluorspar ware,
not murrine, myrrhine.
Murroe, Tipperary.
Murrough, Clare.
Murrow, Wisbech.
Murshidabad, Bengal.
mus., museum, music, -al.
Musalman, ms^MussuI-.
Mus.B. or Bac, Bachelor
of Music.
muscja (Lat.), a fly ; pi. -as.
muscadel, a Fr. or It.
wine, also a pear and a
dried grape, «o/-dine, -tel.
Muschelkalk (geol.), shell
limestone (cap.).
Musclif the true mosses ;
5/«^. -IIS.
Mus.D. or Doc, Mustcse
Doctor (Doctor of Music).
museography, museum
work, not musae-.
Muses (the nine). Cal-
liope, Clio, Erato, Eu-
terpe, Melpomene, Poly-
hymnia, Terpsichore,
Thalia, Urania.
museum, abbr. mus.
Music (Bachelor of).
abbr. Mus.B. or Bac;
— (Doctor of), abbr.
Mus.D. or Doc. ; —
(Master of), Camb.,
abbr. Mus.M.
music/, -al,abbr. mus. ; —
demy, a paper 20^/4
X 1 4^/8 in. ; — paper, that
ruled for writing music
upon; — type, that for
printing music.
Musigny, a red Burgundy
wine.
tnusjid (Arab.), a mosque,
use mas-*.
Muslim, use Moslem.
musHn-de-Ialtif use
mousseline - de-laine.
Mus.M., Master of Music
(Cambridge).
musquito, use mos-.
Mussalman,«s^Mussul-,
Musselburgh, Midlothian,
not -borough.
Mussul/man, a Moham-
medan, a Moslem, not
the many variations ; pi.
-mans, not -men.
mustache, use mous-.
Mustafabad, N.W. Prov.,
Oudh, Punjab.
Mustapha, Algeria.
miistee* (W. Ind.), a half-
breed, not me-.
mustn't. (typ.)> to be close
up.
Musulmft,n, use Mussul-
man.
mutandjum (Lat.), any-
thing to be altered ; pi. -a,
mutatis mutandis (Lat.),
with the necessary
changes ; abbr. m.m.
"mutual" friend, often
objected to, though used
by Burke, Dickens, Lyt-
ton, Sterne, and others.
Muzaffarpur, Bengal.
muzblk, Russian peasant,
not moujik, mujik ; /em.
muzbltshka,
Muzio gambit, a chess
opening.
M.V. (Amen), Medicus
Veterinarius (Veterinary
Physician) ; m. V. (It.
mus. ), mezza voce (with half
voice-power) ; M.V.O.,
Member (of fourth or fifth
class) of the (Royal) Vic-
torian Order.
M.W., Most Worshipful,
— Worthy; M.W.B.,
Metropolitan Water
Board ; M.W.P., Most
Worthy Patriarch.
myall-wood, hard, violet-
scented wood (hyphen).
myceli/um (hot.), pi. -a.
Mycenaean, of Mycenae.
Myddelton Square,
Clerkenwell (s^^ailsoMi-).
250
MY — MYTILENE
My dear Sir, (in letters,two
caps, only, comma at end).
Myers (Ernest), 1844-,
writer ; — (P. W. H.),
1843-1901, writer and
spiritualist {see also
Miers, Myres).
myosotis, the forget-me-
not.
Myres (John Linton),
1 869-, archaeologist {see
also Miers, Myers).
Myriapoda, not Myrio-.
myrobalan, a plum, not
-bolan.
myrrhine, use murr-.
myrtille (Fr. f.), bilberry,
myrtle, not -tel.
Mysore, Deccan, not
Maisur.
myst., mysteries.
mytacism, the wrong or
too frequent use of "m,"
not me-.
ni3rth., mythology, -ical.
mythologize, etc., not
-ise.
mythopoeic,myth-making,
not -paeic, -peic.
Mytilene, Greece, notllLi-.
051
M NOTES
252
M NOTES
253
N.— WAITETB
N
"N., Norse, north, -ern.
Northern postal district,
London, all proper names
with this initial, the
thirteenth in a series,
(Fr.) nord (north), (Lat.)
nomjen, -ina (name, -s),
nosier (our), (mag.)
symbol of magnetic flux.
N, nitrogen.
(N.), Nationalist, (naval)
navigating, -ion.
n., nail (2^/4 inches), name,
nephew, neuter, new,
nominative, noon, note, -s,
noun.
n., (Fr.) nous (we, us),
(Lat.) natus (born), node
(at night).
B (math.), an indefinitely
large quantity.
U/ (Fr.), before a verb,
nous (we, us).
h (Sp.), called "« with
the tilde," or "Spanish
n " ; pron. as ni in onion.
N.A., National Academy,
-ician, Nautical Almanac,
North America, -n.
Na, natrium (sodium).
n/a (banking), no ac-
count.
N.A.A., National Artillery
Association.
Naas, Co. Kildare, pron.
nas ; also Norway, the
home of *'sloid."
nabob*, Indian provincial
governor (not cap.).
Nabuchodonosor, see
Nebuchadnezzar.
nach Cbrisii Geburt
(Ger.), = A.D. ; abbr.
n. Chr, (see alsovor ).
Nacbdruck (Ger. typ. m.),
reprint, pirated edition ;
nacbdruckea, to re-
print, or pirate.
Nacbmittag (Ger. m.),
afternoon ; abbr. Nm.
nacbmittags (Ger. adv.),
p.m. ; abbr. Nm.
Nachtigal (Gustav),
1834-85, Ger. traveller.
nacre*, mother-of-pearl
(not ital.).
nacri (Fr.), like mother-of-
pearl (ital.).
N.A.D. (Amer.), National
Academy of Design. ,
naenia, use ne-.
Waesmyth (Sir M. Q.),
1828-, engineer {see also
Nasmyth).
naeve*, a skin blemish,
''mother's mark,"- not
ne- ; in Lat. nasvlus,
pi. -/.
Naga Hills, Assam.
Nagar, Bengal, Madras,
Mysore.
-nagar (Indian suffix), a
town, as Ahmednagar,
not -naggore, -nagore,
-nugger, -ur.
Nagasaki, Japan, not
Nang-.
NageH (K. W. von),
1817-91, Ger. botanist.
Nagpur, India, not -pore.
Nahum, Old Test., no
abbr.
naiad, not naid.
naif, artless, use naive*;
in Fr. na'iltyfem. -ve.
nail*, 2^/4 inches ; abbr. n.
Naini Tal, N.W. India.
nainsook*, Ind. muslin,
not -zook.
Nairne (Baroness, ne'e
Caroline Oliphant), 1776-
1845, Sc. poetess.
Nairnshire, Scotland.
naive*,artless,«o/nai-,naif.
naivetS* (Fr. f.), artless-
ness.
254
NALSON — NATUBB
Nalson (John), 1638-86,
theologian and historian.
namable, use name- *.
Namaqualand, S. Afr.
(one word).
namby-pamby*, weakly
sentimental (hyphen).
name, abbr. n.
nameable*, not nam-.
namely*, preferred to viz.
namesake* (one word).
names of ships (typ.),
to be roman double-
quoted, not italic.
'«*N". & Q.", "Notes and
Queries."
nankeen*, fabric, not -kin.
Nansen (Fridtjof),
1861-, Arctic traveller.
Nantucketlsland, U .S. A.
Naoroji (Dadabhai),
1 825-, first Parsi M.P.
Nap., Napoleon.
nap*/, -ped*, -ping*,
nap*, a card game.
naphtha*, but Fels-
naptha.
Napierian* logarithms,
not -perian.
napoleon*, in Fr. m. napo-
iSott, 2o-franc coin.
napoUtaine {h la) (Fr.
cook.), in Neapolitan style
(not cap. n.).
nappe (math.), a cone.
Narbada, Ind. river, see
Nerbudda.
narciss/iis*,/'/.-i*(notital.).
narghile'' (Pers., Turk.),
Oriental pipe, not -gile,
-h, -gili.
Narragansett, Rhode I.,
U.S.A., not -et.
narrow measure (typ.),
type composed in narrow
widths, as in columns,
narwhal*, the sea-unicorn,
not -e, -wal.
N.A.S. (Amer.), National
Academy of Science.
nasalize*, not -ise.
N.A.S.E. (Amer.), Nation-
al Academy of Stationary
Engineers.
Nash (Richard, or
«*Beau**), 1674-1762,
Bath Master of Cere-
monies.
Nash or Nashe (Tho-
mas), 1567-1601, sa-
tirist.
Nasirabad, India.
Nasmith (James), 1740-
1808, theol. and antiq.
Nasmyth (James), 1808-
90, engineer ; Nasmyth
hammer, not -th's {see
also Nae-).
nasturtium*/ (bot.), not
-ian, -ion ; pi. -s.
Nat., Natal, Nathanael,
-iel. National.
nat., natural, -ist.
nat. hist., natural his-
tory.
National*/, abbr. Nat.; —
Academy, -ician, abbr.
N.A. ; — Assemblies
{see Assemblies).
Nationalist*, abbr. (N.).
nationalize*, not -ise.
nations and. places, as
adjectives or nouns, in
frequent commercial use,
need no cap., as french
polish, -er, morocco lea-
ther, plaster of paris,
Prussian blue, turkey red,
and many others.
native oyster*, one raised
on an artificial bed.
nat./ ord., natural order ;
— phil., — philosophy.
Nat. Sc.D. (Amer.), Doc-
tor of Natural Science.
natt/y*, -ily*.
natura (Lat.), nature.
natural*/, -ist*, abbr. nat.
natural* (mus.), sign t|.
naturalla (Lat.), the sex-
ual organs.
naturalize*, not -ise.
Natura non facit saltum
(Lat.), Nature makes no
leap.
nature*, the processes of
the material world ; cap.
only when personified.
255
NATUILEJIj — NEELD
ttBturel (au) (Fr. cook.),
plainly prepared.
nature-printing*, a pro-
cess by which objects are
so impressed on a soft
metal plate as to engrave
themselves, copies being
then taken for printing.
natUS (Lat. ), born ; abbr. n.
naught*, nothing, noi nou-,
0U-.
Nauheim (Bad), Grand
duchy of Hesse.
naatcb*f Ind. dancing en-
tertainment, also adj., not
natch.
nautical*/, abbr. naut. ;
— mile, 6080 feet.
Nautical Almanac*
(typ.),no quotation marks;
abbr. N.A.
nautil/us *,/>/. -i*.
nav., naval, navigation.
Navaho/, N. Amer. Indian;
pi. -es.
navarin (Fr. cook, m.),
a stew of mutton or lamb.
Navarrese, of Navarre.
Nav. Const., Naval Con-
structor.
navet* (Fr. m.), turnip.
navigat/ing*, -ion*, abbr.
(N.), or nav.
Navy and Army (the),
in toasts, etc., the Navy
precedes, being the senior
service.
** Navy List " (no hyphen) .
Naz/arene*,-arite*,native
of Nazareth.
N.B., New Brunswick {see
also Scotland) ; N.B.,
nota bene (mark well) ;
Nb, niobium ; N.B.B,.,
North British Railway ;
n, Br. (Ger.), ndrdliche
Breiie (north latitude).
N.C., North Carolina
(offic.) ; n. Cbr, (Ger.),
nach Christo or nach
Christi Geburt (=a.d.);
N.C.O., Non-commis-
sionedOfficer,-s;N.C.U.,
National Cyclists' Union.
N.-D. (Fr.), Notre-Dame;
n.d., no date; N.D.A.
(Amer.), National Dip-
loma in Agriculture ;
N. Dak., North Dakota
(offic); N.D.Ii., Nord-
deutscher Lloyd.
N.E., new edition. New
England, U.S.A., north-
east {see also compass),
North-Eastern postal dis-
trict, London, (Fr.) nord-
est (north-east).
d6 (Fr. m.), fern. nSe,
born.
n/e (bank.), no effects.
Neal (Daniel), 1 678-1 743,
Puritan writer ; —
(John), 1793-1876,
Amer. writer (5^^ also
Neele, Neill).
Neale (John Mason),
1818-66, hymnologist.
Neanderthal skull.
Neapolitans, inhabitants
of Naples.
neap tide* (two words).
near*, abbr. nr.
Nearctic *, noi Neoarctic.
neat*s-foot oil.
Nebr., Nebraska (offic.
abbr.).
Nebuchad/nezzar (Na-
buchodonosor inApocr.
and the Vulgate ; -rezzar,
in Jer. XLiii. 10, etc.).
nebul/a*, pi. -ae*.
nebulbse*, not -ise.
aScessaJre (Fr. m.), a
dressing-case.
Neckar, river, Wurtem-
berg.
Necker (Jacques), 1732-
1804, ^^- statesman.
nec pluribus impar
(Lat.), a match for many
(motto of Louis XIV).
nectarize *, not -ise.
N.E.D., <' New English
Dictionary," use O.E.D.
("Oxford English Dic-
tionary").
needlework* (one word).
Neeld (Sir A. D.), 1849-.
256
NEELE — NESSLER'S TEST
Neele (Henry), 1798-
1828, poet {see also liTeal,
Neill).
neelghau, an antelope,
M5^ nylghau*.
ne'er*/, never ; (typ.) close
up ; — -do- well* (hy-
phens).
Be exeat regno (law), a
writ to restrain a person
from leaving the kingdom.
ne fasti {dies) (Lat.), blank
days.
NefPtzer (Auguste),
1820-76, Fr. publicist.
neg., negative, -ly.
nSg. (Fr.), negation (nega-
tion).
negatur (Lat.), it is denied.
neglectable*, «sg neglig-
ible*.
n6glig6* (Fr. m.), undress.
negligible*, not -eable.
negotiate*, «o/-ciate.
Negretti & Zambra,
opticians, London.
negrillo*/, not -ilo ; pi. -es.
negrito*/, pi. -es.
negro */, pi. -es.
negroid*, not -rooid.
Negus*, title of Emperor
of Abyssinia.
negus*, wine punch.
Neh., Nehemiah.
n.e.i., non est inventus (he,
she, or it, has not been
found).
neige{Fr. cook.f.), whisked
white of egg.
neighbour*/, -hood*, not
-or.
Neilgherry Hills, S.
Ind., use Nilgiri — .
Weill (Patrick), d. 1705,
first printer in Belfast ;
, 1776-X851, Sc. nat-
uralist ; pron. neel {see also
Neal, Neele).
neither*, is followed by
singular verb.
nematoid*, not -ode.
neat, con,*, nemine contra-
dicente; — diss,*, — dis-
sentiente.
Nemean*, of Nemea, not
-aean.
Nemesis* (cap.).
nemine] contradicente
(Lat.), unanimously, abbr.
nem. con, ; — dis-
sentiente^ no one dis-
senting, abbr. nem. diss,
nemoj (Lat.), nobody ; —
me impune iacessit
(Lat.), no one attacks
me with impunity (motto
of Scotland, and of the
Order of the Thistle).
nemophila* (bot.).
N.Eng., New England.
nenia, an elegy, not nse-.
ne nimium (Lat.), shun
excess.
nenuphar*, the great white
water-lily.
neo-Christianity* (cap.
C only).
Neocomian* (geol.) ( cap.) .
neo-Darwin/ian*, -ism,
neo-ljamarckian (hy-
phen, one cap.).
neologize*, to use new
terms, not -ise.
Neoplaton/ic *, -ism *
(one word).
Nep., Neptune.
Nepal, India, not -aul.
Nepean, pron. nep-een',
nephew*, abbr. n.
nefpius uitra*{'Lat.), per-
fection ; — quid nimis,
be wisely moderate.
N.E.R., North - Eastern
Railway (hyphen).
Nerbudda, Indian river,
more correctly Narbada.
nereid*/, pi. -s.
Neri (Saint Philip),
1515-95, founder of the
Congregation of the Ora-
tory.
Nernst, electric lamp*
nero-antico (It.), a black
marble.
Nesbit(E.), 1858-, writer.
Nesbitt (Rev. J. J.),
1865-, writer.
Nessler*s test (chem.).
257
17
BT'EST — ITEWTON
n'est'Ce pas? (Fr.), isn't
that so ?
net*, not subject to deduc-
tion, not nett.
net*/, -ted*, -ting*.
JCfeth., Netherlands.
nett, not subject to deduc-
tion, usg net*.
nettle rash* (two words).
network* (one word).
Neuchatel, Switz.
NeufchateljAisne, France.
Netiilly, dep. Seine, Fr.
neurasthenia*, not neu-
roas-.
nenrine*, not -in.
Neuropter/on, pi. -a.
neuter*, abbr. n., or neut.
neutralize*, not -ise.
Nev., Nevada (offic. abbr.).
iI^V^*(Fr.m.),glaciersnow.
neverj-ending*, fail-
ing* (hyphens).
nevermore* (one word).
Nevill, family name of
M arquess of Abergavenny .
Neville, family name of
Baron Braybrooke.
new*, abbr. n.
Newbegin, Yorks.
Newbiggin, Durham,
Northumb.,Westmorland,
Yorks.
Newbigging, Forfar, Lan-
ark.
Newborough (Baron).
New Brunswick, abbr.
NJB.
Newburgh (Earl of),
Newcastle/-under-
Lyme; upon-Tyne
(hyphens).
new-comer* (hyphen).
Newdegate (Lady New-
digate-, not Newde-),
writer.
Newdigate (Sir H. R.
Legge), 183a-, Lieut. -
Gen. ; — (Sir Roger),
1719-1806, founder of
Oxford prize poem.
new edition, abbr. N.E.
(see also title pages).
newfangled* (one word).
258
New Forest, Hants (two
words) ; Newfoundland
(one word), abbr. NE. ;
New Hampshire,
U.S.A., abbr.N.H., never
abbr. as — Hants ; New-
haven, near Edin., Sus-
sex (one word) ; New
Haven, Connecticut,
U.S.A. (two words) ;
New Hebrides, abbr.
N.Heb. ; New Jersey,
U.S.A.,abbr.N.J.;New
Mexico, abbr. N.Mex.
Newmilns, Ayrshire.
Ne wnam, Georgia, U.S.A.
Newnes (Sir George),
1851-, publisher; pron.
newnz'.
Newnham College, Cam-
bridge (for ladies).
Newnham-Davis
(Lieut.- Colonel Na-
thaniel), 1854-, writer.
New Orleans, abbr. N.O.
new paragraph (typ.),
abbr. new par., or n.p.,
sign % or [.
New Quay, Cardigan
(two words).
Newquay, Cornwall (one
word) ; pron. new'key.
New Bed Sandstone
(geol.) (caps.).
New South Wales (three
words, caps., no hyphen) ;
abbr. N.S.W.
newspapers (titles of)
(typ.), when cited, to
be roman double-quoted;
s.caps. only when in the
paper itself.
newsvendor*, not -er.
New Testament, abbr.
N.T., or New Test.; for
abbr. of books in, see their
names.
Newton-le-Willows,
Lanes, Yorks (hyphens);
Newtonmore, Inver-
ness (one word) ; New-
ton Poppleford, Devon
(two words) ; Ne'wton
Stewart, Kirkcudbright
NEWTOWnS^ARDS — N.I.D.
(two words, 5^^ alsoNe^w-
town — ).
Newtownards, Co. Down
(one word) ; New^town-
butler, Fermanagh (one
word) ; !N"e"wtown-
cunningham, London-
derry (one word) ; New-
townforbes, Co. Long-
ford (one word); New-
townmountkennedy,
Wicklow (one word) ;
Newtownsands, Lim-
erick (one word) ; liTew-
to^vn Ste"wart, Tyrone
(two words, see also
Newton — ).
New Twopot House,
Mallow (three words).
New Year's Day (caps.).
New York, Durham,
Lines, Northumb. ; in
U.S.A. off. abbr. for city
or state N.Y. (two
words).
New-Yorker, inhabitant
of New York (hyphen).
New Zealand, abbr. N.Z.
nex/us* (Lat.), a tie; pi.
-us.
Ney (Michel), 1769-1815,
French marshal.
nez retroussS (Fr. m.),
an upturned nose.
NF., Newfoundland.
N.P., New French, Nor-
man-French.
N.G., National Guard, New
Granada ; n.g., no good ;
N.Qr., New Greek.
N.H., New Hampshire;
N.Heb., New Hebrew,
— Hebrides; NHQ.,
New High German (one
point only).
N.I., Native Infantry ; Ni,
nickel.
Niam-niam, Afr. people
(one cap. only), not Nyam-
Nyam.
** Nibelungenlied," Ger.
epic, ttot Nie-(one word).
niblick*, a golf club.
Nicar., Nicaragua.
niche*, a recess, not -ch ;
pron. nich.
Nicholas I, 1796-1855,
Emperor of Russia {see
also Nicolas).
•* Nicholas (Saint),**
magazine for children (^see
also Nicolas).
"Nicholas Nickleby,*'
by Dickens, 1838.
Nicholls (Sir George),
1781 - 1865, Poor Law
historian.
Nichols, family of printers
and antiquaries.
Nicholson (Sir C. A.),
1867-, Bart, (see also
Nicolson).
nicbt wabr? (Ger.), isn't
that so ?
nick* (typ.), a groove cast
in the shank of a type
as an aid in placing it
correctly,
nickel *y, symbol Ni; —
-plating (hyphen).
nicknack, use knick-
knack*,
nickname (one word).
Nicobar Islands, Ind.
Ocean, not Nik-.
Nicolas (Saint), patron of
Russia ; — (Sir Nicho-
lasH.), 1799-1848, writer
{see also Nicholas).
Nicole (Fran9ois), 1683-
1758, Fr. mathematician;
— (Pierre), 1625-95,
a Port Royalist.
NicoU (Robert), 1814-
37, Scots poet; — (W.
Robertson), 1851-,
journalist.
Nicol prism (physics).
Nicolson (Sir Arthur),
1849-, Bart.; — (Sir
A.T.B.R.), 184a-, Bart.
(see also Nicholson).
** NicomacheanEthics,**
by Aristotlfe.
Nicosia, Cyprus, Sicily,
not Nik-.
N.I.D., Naval Intelligence
Department.
059 17 *
NIDUS — N.L.P.
nid/us (Lat.), a nest; pi. -i.
" Niebelungenlied,** use
Nib-.
Niebuhr (Barthold
Qeorg), 1776-1831, his-
torian ; — (Karsten),
1733-1815, traveller.
niece*, a relation, «o^ nei-.
nlelljo. It. metal work ; pi.
Niepce(J. N.), 1765-1833,
originatorofphotography ;
— de Saint- Victor
(C. M. F.), 1805-70,
inventor of heliography;
pron. ne-eps'.
Niersteiner, a hock.
Nietzsche (F. W.), 1844-
90, Ger. writer.
Ni^vre, dep. France.
night-/cap*, -dress*
(hyphens), -fall* (one
word), -gown * (hyphen),
-shade*(bot.) (one word),
-shirt* (hyphen).
nibilj (Lat.), nothing; —
ad rem, nothing to the
purpose ; — debet, he
owes nothing ; — dicit,
he says nothing.
Nijni-Novgorod, Russ.,
use Nizh-.
Nikobar Islands, use
Nic-.
Nikolaiev, Russian naval
head -quarters.
Nikosia, Cyprus, Sicily,
use Nic-.
n/// (Lat.), nothing ; — ad-
mirari, wondering at
nothing {not admiring
nothing) ; — COttSCire
sibi, to be conscious of
no fault ; — desperan-
dum, despair of nothing.
nilgau, an antelope, noi
the many variations.
Nilgiri Hills, S. Ind., noi
Neilgherry.
nil nisi cruce (Lat.),
nothing but by the cross.
Nilsson (Christine),
1843-, singer.
Hi run ni I'autre (Fr.),
neither the one nor the
other.
nimbus/, a halo, a rain
cloud ; pi. -es (not ital.).
Nimes, dep. France, not
Nismes.
niminy-piminy, affected-
ly delicate, not -i -i.
B*importel (Fr.), never
mind !
nincompoop, a simpleton
(one word).
ninepins, a game (one
word).
nineteenth century
(typ.), preferred to 19th,
XIX, orXIXth (hyphen
as adj.) (-stf^a/so century).
ninth, not -eth.
niobium, symbol Nb.
nip/, -ped, -per, -ping.
Nippon, native name for
Japan.
nL prl., nisi pnus.
Nirvana (Budd.), cessa-
tion of sentient existence.
Nisbet/, Roxburgh ; —
& Co., publishers, Lon-
don, not -ett.
ll/s//(Lat.), unless;— pr/l/S,
unless before, abbr. ni.pri,
Nismes (Fr.), use Nimes.
nisus (Lat.), effort.
nitrate, a salt of nitric acid.
nitrite, a salt of nitrous acid.
nitrogen, symbol N.
nitrogenize, not -ise.
nitrogenous, not -eous.
nitro-glycerine, not -in
(hyphen).
Nitsch, a family of Ger.
writers.
Nizam (5. and />/.), title of
Haidarabad ruler.
nizam, a Turk, soldier ; pi.
same.
Nizhni-Novgorod,Russ. ,
not Nijni-.
N.J., New Jersey, U.S.A.
N.Ii., New Latin ; n.l.
(typ.), new line; N.lat.,
north latitude; N.L.C,
National Liberal Club ;
N.L.F., ditto Federation ;
a6o
N Ji.1. — NON
W.L.I., National Life-
boat Institution.
Nm. (Ger.), NachmUtag
(afternoon), nachtniiiags
(p.m.) ; N.Mex., New
Mexico (offic. abbr.).
N.N.E., north-north-east.
N.If.W., north-north-west
{see also oompass).
N.O., New Orleans, (bot.)
natural order, -s, (Fr.)
fiord-ouest (north-west).
No., from It. numero (num-
ber) ; pi. KTos. J in Fr. n^
' (no point).
no, pi. noes.
nobis (Lat.), for, or on, our
part ; abbr. nob,
noblesse} (Fr. f.), nobility;
— oblige, — imposes
obligations.
node (Lat.), at night;
abbr. n.
** Noctes AjnbrosiansB,"
articles in ** Blackwood's
Magazine."
nocturne, picture, dreamy
mus. piece (not ital.).
N.O.D., Naval Ordnance
Department.
nod/, -ded, -ding.
Noel (Fr. m.), Christmas.
naeud (Fr. m.), a knot.
noisette (Fr. f.), a hazel-
nut.
noisome, noxious (no con-
nexion with noise).
noisy, not -ey.
nolens volens (Lat.), un-
willing or willing.
noli-me-tangere, a plant,
also a disease.
NoUekens (Joseph),
1 737-1823, sculptor.
nolle prosequi {Lat.), will
not continue ; abbr. noL
pros,
nolo] (Lat.), I will not ; —
contendere, the plea
' ' guilty " ; — episcopari,
I do not wish to be a
bishop.
noL pros,, nolle prosequi
(will not continue).
nom., nominative.
nomadize, not -ise.
no-man*s-land,unclaimed
territory (apos., hyphens).
nomj de guerre (Fr. m.),
— de plume (Ang.-Fr.),
or nomj littSraire, or
pseudonyme, a literary
pseudonym ; — de tbSa-
tre, stage-name.
nomjen (Lat.), a name, pi.
-ina, abbr. W. ; nomenj
genericum, a generic
name ; — Specificitm, a
specific name.
nomic, conventional.
nomin., nominative.
nominalize, not -ise.
nominative, abbr. n.,
nom., ornomin.
nonj (Lat.), not; — as-
sumpsit, a denial of any
promise.
nonce-"word, one used for
the nonce.
nonchalance, indiflfer-
ence (not ital.).
nonchalant/, indifferent ;
in Fr. f. -e.
Non- commissioned of-
ficer/, -s, abbr. W.C.O.
non compos mentis
(Lat.), of unsound mind.
non con., non-content, or
dissentient.
Nonconformist (cap.).
non constat (Lat.), it is
not clear.
non coups (Fr.), uncut
' leaves.
non-ego (metaph.), the
not-self (ital.).
non estj (Lat.), it is want-
ing; inventus, he,
she, or it has not been
found, abbr. n.e.i.
nonesuch, without equal,
not nonsuch (one word).
nonet or nonetto (mus.),
composition for nine.
noni inventus (Lat.), not
found ; — libet, it does
not please (me) ; — licet,
it is not permitted ; —
a6i
NOW — 2SrORWAY
liquet, it is not clear ; —
mi ricordo (It.), I do
not remember ; — nobis
(Lat.), not unto us; —
obstante (Lat.% not-
withstanding, abbr. non
obst ; non obstante
veredicto, notwithstand-
ing the verdict.
nonpareil, unequalled ;
(typ.) a size of type, six point,
twelve lines to the inch, as this.
In Fr. nonpareille, Ger.
Nanpareille,
non placet (Lat.), it does
not commend itself.
nonplus/, -sed, -sing.
non plus ultra (Lat.), per-
fection.
non] possumus (Lat.%we
cannot ; — prosequitur,
he does not prosecute,
abbr. non pros. ; —
rOgn6 (Fr.), with uncut
and untrimmed leaves ; —
sequitur (Lat.), it does
not follow logically, abbr.
non seq,
nonsuch, use nonesuch,
nonsuit (one word).
noon, abbr. n.
noonday (one word).
no one (two words).
n.o.p., not otherwise pro-
vided for.
no par. (typ.), matter to
run on, and have no break.
Nor., Norman.
nord (Fr. m.). north ; abbr.
N.
Norddeutscher Lloyd
(two words) ;abbr.N".D.Ij.
Nordenfeldt gun.
Nordenskjold (N. A. E.,
baron), 1832-1901, tra-
veller, not -iold.
nordj-est (Ft.), north-east,
abbr. N.E. ; — -ouest,
north-west,abbr.!N'.0.(no
caps, except for abbrs.).
NorgG, local name for
Norw^ay.
norm, an authoritative
standard.
Norm (Ger. typ. t), the
sheet signature (cap.).
normja (Lat.), a rule or
measure; pi. -as,
normalize, to standardize,
not -ise.
Wormanby (Marq. of).
normande (k la) (Fr.
cook.), apple-flavoured
(not cap.).
Noronha (Fernando),
isles in S. Atlantic.
Norrkoping, Sweden.
KTorroy, the third King-of-
Arms.
Worse, abbr. W.
north, abbr. W. (see also
compass").
north., northern.
North (Christopher),
pen-name of Prof. J.
Wilson, 1785-1854.
Northallerton, Yorks
(one word). •
North Am eric/a, -an,
abbr. N. A., or N. Amer.
Northamptonshire,
abbr. Northants.
North Britain, or Scot-
land, abbr. Scot., not
N.B.
north-east, abbr. N.E.
(see also compass).
northern, abbr. N., or
north.
"North-German Gaz-
ette** (one hyphen).
North Hm, Cornwall
(two words).
Northill, Beds (one word).
North Pole (caps.).
Northumb., Northumber-
land.
North Wales, abbr. N."W.
north-'west, abbr. N.'W.
(see also compass).
Norvic, signature of Bp.
of Norwich (full point").
Norw., Norway, Nor-
wegian.
'Norwsiy, local name
Norge; in Fr. Norvege
(see also Assemblies,
Sweden).
a6a
NORWEGIAN — NOVA
Norwegian typogra-
phy, practically as Dan-
ish.
n^s, numeros (numbers).
nosce teipsum (Lat.),
know thyself,
nos/e, -y, not -ey.
nose-piece (hyphen).
nostalgia, home-sickness,
not -gy.
ttOSter (Lat.), our, our own ;
abbr. N.
Nostradamus (Michel
de Nostredame), 1503-
66, Fr. astrologer,
nostrum/, pi. -a (not
ital.).
nota bene (Lat.), mark
well ; abbr. N.B.
notabitia (Lat.), notable
things.
notandjum (Lat.), a thing
to be noted ; pi. -a.
Notary -Public, law of-
ficer (caps., hyphen) ;
abbr. N.P.
notation {seg figures),
note/, -s, abbr. n. (see
bottom, cut-in, foot-,
shoulder-, side-),
notebook (one word).
note of/ admiration or
exclamation (!) ;
interrogation (?) (see
punctuation, XVII,
XVIII).
note-paper (size folded) :
Albert, 6 x s'/g !»•
Bath, 8x7
billet, 6x4
commercial, 8x5
octavo, 7 X 4V2
packet, 9 X 5V2
Prince of Wales,
4V2 X 3
Queen, s'/g x 3V2
notic/e, -eable, -ing.
notif/y, -ied, -ying.
notitija (Lat.), a list; pi.
-as.
not proven (see proven).
notre (Fr. adj.), our;
ndtre (le, la), pronoun,
ours; lesndtres, our folk.
Notre-Dame (Our Lady>,
abbr. N.-D., Fr. name of
many churches, not No-
(hyphen).
Nottinghamshire, abbr.
Notts.
notjum (Lat.), the back (of
an insect) ; pi. -a.
n'oubliez pas (Fr.), don't
forget.
nougat (Fr. m.), a con-
fection ; pron. noo'gah.
nought, use nau- *.
noumen/on (metaph.), pi,
-a.
noun, abbr. n.
nouns (collective), if re-
garded as a whole to be
treated as singular, as the
army is, the committee
meets, the company was,
the French people is a
great nation. If regarded
individually, to be treated
as plural, as the French
people are thrifty ; — or
adjectives 0/ nation or
place, in frequent com-
mercial use, need no
caps., as french polish, -er,
morocco leather, plaster
of paris, prussian blue,
turkey red.
nouns (German), all have
initial caps.
nous (Fr.), we; abbr. n.,
before a verb nj.
nous (Gr.), shrewdness ;
pron. nows (ital.).
nous avons cbangS tout
eel a (Fr.), we have
changed all that.
nous verrons (Fr.), we
shall see.
nouveauj ricbe} (Fr. m.), a
parvenu ; pi. -x -S.
nouveautSs ( magasin
de) (Fr. m.), linendraper's
shop, not — des — .
nouvelles (Fr. f. pi.),
news.
Nov., November.
Nova/ Scotia, Canada,
abbr. N.S.j — Zembla,
263
NOVEBOKACENSIAN — NUMSKULL
Arctic islands (two words,
caps.).
Noveboracensian, of
New York, not Nova-.
novelette, a small novel.
novelize, not -ise.
November, abbr. Nov.
novitiate, not -ciate.
novas homo (Lat.), a
self-made man; pi. novi
homines,
no'wadays (one word).
no"V7here (one word).
noyau, a liqueur.
N.P., New Providence, No-
tary-Public ; n.p. (typ.),
new paragraph ; N.P.D.
(naut.), nortla polar dis-
tance ; N.P.L., National
Physical Laboratory,
Teddington.
Nr. (Ger.), Nummer (num-
ber) ; nr.,near; N.R.A.,
National Rifle Associa-
tion.
N.S., National Society, New
School, — Series, — Side,
— Style (after 175a),
Nova Scotia, Numismatic
Society; N.-S., Notre-
Seigmur (Our Lord) ; n.S.,
not specified ; n/s (bkg.),
not sufficient ; N.S.A.,
National Skating Asso-
ciation ; N.S.LC. (Lat.),
Nosier Salvatorlesus Chris-
tus; N.-S. J.-C. (Fr.),
Notre - Seigneur Jesus -
Christ (Our Lord Jesus
Christ); N.S. P. CO.,
National Society for the
Prevention of Cruelty to
Children ; N.S. Tripos,
Natural Science Tripos;
N.S.S., New Shakspere
Society; N.S.W., New
South Wales.
N.T., New Testament, —
Translation, (Australia)
Northern Territory.
n.U., name unknown.
nuance, tint (not ital.).
Nubecul/a, the Magellanic
clouds ; pi. -8d.
nucle/us, pi. -i.
nudis verbis (Lat.), in
plain words.
nugiB (Lat.), trifles.
-nugger, Indian sufiBx (see
-nagar).
null {Fr.),/em. -/e, no one.
nullo (typ.), the o, or zero.
nullah, a dry water-
course.
nulla - nulla, Austral,
wooden club, not -ah -ah.
nullify, -ied, -jnLng.
nulll secundus (Lat.),
second to none.
Num., Numbers (Old
Test.), not Numb.
num., numeral, -s.
number, abbr. No., pi.
Nos. {see also figures).
number (house), in road
or street, not to be fol-
lowed by a point, as,
6 Fleet Street.
numbers, abbr. Nos. {see
also figures).
numerals (roman), caps.
I,ir,V,X,L,C,D,M,not
to be followed by a point.
For kings, rulers, etc., the
name should be in lower
case, and the numeral in
caps, as, Henry V, Ed-
ward VII (no point).
Lower case i, ii, etc.,
should be used for pagina-
tion of preliminary matter.
In Fr. no full point after.
In Ger. full point with
arable or roman ordinal
numbers, but not cardinal.
Abbr. num.
num£rlateur (Fr. m.), nu-
merator ; -O, number,
abbr. n", pi. n°^;
-Oter, to number (e.g.
pages) ; -Oteur, number-
ing machine.
numis., numismatic, -s,
numismatology.
Nummer {Ger. f.), number,
abbr. Nr,
numskull, a dunce, not
numb-.
a64
NUNC — NJZ.
nunc aut nunquam
(Lat.), now or never.
Nunc dimittis (Lat.),
Simeon's canticle.
nuncheon, a midday meal,
not -ion.
nuncio, a papal messenger ;
pi. -8.
Nuneham, near Oxford
{see also Newn-).
nunquam (Lat.), never,
nuphar, yellow water-lily.
nur, nurr, a hard knot in
wood, use knur *.
Nuremberg, «o/ -burg; in
Ger. Niimb".
nurl, use kn- *.
nurs/e, -ing.
nurseryman (one word).
N.U.T., National Union of
Teachers,
nut/, -ted, -ting,
nut/crackers ; -hatch, a
bird ; -shell (one word).
N.U.W.W., National
Union of Women Work-
ers.
nux vomica (two words) ;
abbr. nux vom.
N.V., New Version ;
N.V.M., Nativity of the
Virgin Mary.
N.W., North Wales, north-
west {see compass),
North - Western postal
district, London ; N.W.
Prov., North - West
Provinces, India ;
N.W.S.A., National
Women's Suffrage Asso-
ciation ; N. W.T., North-
west Territory.
N.Y., New York, city or
state, U.S.A. (offic).
Nyam-Nyam, ws^Niam-
niam.
Nyassaland, Eq. Afr.,
not Nyasa- (one word).
N.Y.H.S., New York
Historical Society.
nylghau*, not nilgau.
nyraph/a (anat.); pi, -ae.
NymphsBa, white water-
lily.
Nysa, an asteroid.
Nyssa, a genus of plants.
N.Z., New Zealand.
965
N NOTES
N NOTES
a67
O. — OBSTBUCTOB
O., Odd Fellows, Ohio
(U.S.A.), old, Order (as
D.S.O.), owner, the four-
teenth in a series, all
proper names with this
initial, (Fr. m.) ouest
(west), (Ger. m.) Osten
(east), (naut.) overcast,
(typ.) overseer.
O, oxygen, (Lat.) ociavus
(a pint).
O ! 5^^ Oh !
O**, Ir. name prefix; (typ.)
use apos. as O'Neill, not
turned comma,
O*, abbr. for of.
O (Dan., Sw.), island.
0, the "Danish" o.
o/a, on account of.
Oak-apple Day, 29 May.
Oakeley (Sir C. W. A.),
1828- ; — (Sir Evelyn),
1833- ; - (Sir H. S.),
1 830- 1903, M us. Doc.
Oakley (Sir Henry),
1 823-.
oarweed, use ore-*.
oas/is*, pi. -es*.
oatcake (one word).
Oates (Titus), 1 649-1 705.
oatmeal* (one word).
ob., oboe, obolus (half-
penny).
06., obiit (he, she, or it
died).
Obadiah, abbr. Obad.
obbUgato* (It. mus.), not
obi-; abbr. obb.
obeah*, witchcraft, etc., not
obea, obeeyah, obi.
obelisk*, not -isc ; (typ.)
the dagger mark (f ) ;
double obelisk*, J.
obel/us*, critical mark,//.
-i*; in ancient MSS. — ,
•rr, or-):.
Ober-Ammergau, Bav-
aria (caps., hyphen).
obi, use obeah*.
obiitl (Lat.), he, she, or it
died, abbr. ob. ; — sine
prole, died without issue,
abbr. ob.S.p.
obiter] dictum* (Lat.), a
thing said by the way, pi.
— dicta * ; — script\um,
ditto written, pi. — a.
object/, -ion, -ive, -ively,
abbr. obj.
object-glass* (hyphen).
obi., oblique, oblong.
obligato, use obb-*.
obliger *, one who obliges,
obligor* (law).
oblique, abbr. obi.
obliviscence*, forgetful-
ness.
oblong, abbr. obi.
obo/e* (mus.), «o/hautbois,
-boy; abbr. ob. ; -ist*,
not -eist.
obol/us*, a coin; pi. -i*,
abbr. ob.
O'Brien (W. S.), 1803-64,
Irish patriot.
O'Bryan ("W.), 1778-1868,
founder Bible-Christians;
his followers Bryanites,
not O'-.
obs., observation, observa-
tory, obsolete,
obsequ/ies*, the sing, -y*
not used.
observanda* (Lat.), things
to be observed,
observat/ion, -ory, abbr.
obs.
obsession*,
obsidian * (mineral.).
obsolescen/ce*, -t*, be-
coming obsolete,
obsolete, abbr. obs.
ob.S.p. f obiit sine prole (died
without issue).
obstetrics, abbr. obstet.
obstructor*, not -er.
068
OBVERSE — ODORIFEROUS
obverse *, that side of a
coin with the head or
main device.
O.C., Old Carthusian, —
Catholic, — Cheltonian.
O.C, opere citato (in the work
cited).
o*c., MS. abbr. for o'clock.
o/c, overcharge.
Occam/ (Williain of),
1280-1349 ; -ism *, -ist*,
not Ockham.
Occidental*, western
(cap.).
occip/ut*,-ital*(notital.).
occur/*, -red*, -rence*,
-rent*, -ring*.
OCelljUS*, an eyelet ;pl.-i*.
ochJocracy*, mob-rule.
ochone, use ohone*.
ochr/e*, -eous*, -y*, not
-er, oker.
Ochterlony (Sir D. F.),
1848-.
Ockham, Surrey {see also
Occam),
o'clock* (typ.), close up,
not to be abbreviated
in print ; MS. abbr. o*C.
O* Connell (Daniel), 1775-
1847.
O'Connor (T. P.), 1848-,
journalist, politician.
O'Conor (Sir W. R.),
1843-.
O* Conor Don (The) (cap.
T).
Oct., October.
octahedr/al*,-on,^/. -a*,
not octae-, octoe-, octoh-.
octaroon, use octo- *.•
octastyle *, having eight
columns, not octo-.
Octateuch*, first eight
books O.T., not Octo-.
octavo/*, a book having
eight leaves, or sixteen
pages, to the sheet ;/>/. -s,
abbr. 8vo (no point)
(for sizes, see books),
octet* (mus.), not -ett,
-ette, ottett (not ital.).
October, abbr. Oct.
octodeoimo/*,oreighteen-
mo,a book having eighteen
leaves, or thirty-six pages,
to the sheet ; pi. -s, abbr.
18mo (no point).
octopus/*, pi. -es* ; pron,
6k-t0'pus.
octoroon*, «o^octa-.
octroi* (Fr. m.), munici-
pal customs duties.
Oculi Sunday*, third in
Lent.
oculjus*, an eye ; pi. -/*.
O.D., Old Dutch, Ordnance
Datum.
od*, a hypothetical force.
odal*, land held in absolute
ownership, not udal.
odalisque* (Turk.), female
slave, not -isk.
O.Dan., Old Danish.
Odd Fellows (official, two
words, caps.) ; abbr. O.,
or O.F.
oddfolios, orpages (typ.),
the right-hand pages,
numbered i, 3, 5, etc.
oddments* (typ.)? the
parts of a book separate
from the body, such as
title, contents; also a
section containing an odd
number of pages.
Odelsthing, lower house
Norw. Parliament.
Od6on, Paris theatre.
Odeypore, use Udaipur.
odi profanum valgus
(Lat.), I loathe the com-
mon herd.
odiumj aestbeticum*
(Lat.), the bitterness of
aesthetic controversy ; —
medicum*, ditto medi-
cal ; — musicum*, ditto
musical ; — tbeologi-
cum *, ditto theological.
odometer, use h- *.
O'Donoghue of the
Glens (The) (cap. T).
0*Donovan(The)(cap. T).
odontoglossum/*, an or-
chid ; pi. -S.
odor/if erous*, -ize*,
-izer, -ous*.
269
ODOR — O.GAEL.
odor lucri (Lat.), the
expectation of gain.
odour/*, -less*, not -or.
Odysseus, Gr. for Ulysses.
Odyss/ey *, Gr. epic ;
-ean* (not ital.).
O.E., 01dEnglish,omissions
excepted.
oe (ligature), for single
sounds, is in England
generally employed in
English, French, Greek,
Latin, and Old English
words, and should there-
fore be used in place of
the separate letters oe.
The separate letters
should be restricted to
works for students of the
,^ classics.
()e (Dan., Sw.), old form
for island, use O.
CEcist*, the founder of a
Gr. colony, not oek-, oik-.
CBCology*, the science
deahngwith the relations
of organisms to their sur-
roundings, not oek-.
CECumenic/*, -al*, notec-.
O.E.D., the *' Oxford
English Dictionary," not
N.E.D. (the New ditto).
oedema/ *, a swelling ;
-tous, not ed-.
(Edipus *,theTheban hero,
not Edi-, Oedi-.
Oehlenschlager(Adain) ,
1 777-1850, Dan. writer.
a?//(Fr. m.), eyc,pl.yeux;
oeil'de-bceuf*, a small
round window, pi. WilS'
; oeil-de-perdrix,
a soft corn,/*/, ceils .
o*er* (typ.), to be close up.
Oersted (H. C), 1777-
1851, physicist.
CESophag/us*, the gullet;
pi. -i; -eal, not e- (not
ital.).
Oesterley (Rev. W.
O. E.), 1866-, writer.
Oesterreich (Ger.), Aus-
tria, use Os-.
ceuf (Fr. m.), egg; asufs h
la coque, boiled eggs ;
ceufsjhlanelge.-whisked
eggs ; — k rindienne,
curried eggs.
oeuvres (Fr. f.), works.
O.P., Odd Fellows, Old
French, (typ.) old-face
type.
off., official, officinal.
Offa's Dyke, between Eng.
and Wales (apos.).
off-cast*, cast oflf (hyphen).
offcut* (typ.), a piece cut
off a sheet to reduce it to
the proper size ; also a
part cut off for separate
folding (one word^.
Offenbach (Jacques),
1819-80, composer.
offence*, not -se.
offer/*, -ed*, -ing*, -tory*.
offg., officiating.
off-hand/ *,-ed* (hyphen).
official/, abbr. off., or
offic. ; — envelopes,
8^/4 X 3^/4 in-, to take
foolscap folded in four.
officialize *, not -ise.
officiating, abbr. offg.
officiaa* (Lat.), a work-
shop {see also oficina).
officinal, abbr. off.
offprint* (typ.), a separ-
ately printed copy, or
small edition, ofan article,
which originally appeared
as part of a larger pub-
lication.
offset* (typ.), the transfer
of ink from its proper
sheet.
offshoot* (one word).
off-shore*, adj. (hyphen).
offside (football) (one
word).
oficina* (Sp.), a S. Amer.
factory [see also Off-).
O.P.M., Order of Friars
Minor.
oft-times*, hyphen.
O.G., ogee, a moulding, not
OG. ; Outside Guard ;
Olympian games.
O.Gael., Old Gaelic
970
OGEE — OLIPHANT
ogee/*, a moulding ; abbr.
O.G. ; -d*.
Ogg (Sir W. A.), 1823-.
ogham*, ancient alphabet,
not ogam, -um, -hum.
O'Grady (The) (cap. T).
ogre/*,/>/. -3,/em. -ss*,^/.
-sses ; -ish, not -rish.
Oh!* (interjection), use O!
except when it is detached
from what follows, or is a
cry of pain, etc. (O.E.D.).
O.H.B.M.S., On His, or
Her, Britannic Majesty's
Service.
OHG., Old High German.
Ohio, U.S.A., off. abbr. O.
Ohm (G. S.), 1787-1854,
physicist.
ohm.* (elec), unit of resist-
ance ; legal — , symbol
La
O.H.M.S., On His, or
Her, Majesty's Service.
Ohnet (Georges), 1848-,
Fr. writer. '
oho ! * exclamation of sur-
prise, not O ho, Oh ho, etc.
ohone*, Gael, and Ir. cry
of lamentation, not och-.
O.H.S., Oxford Historical
Society.
oidium *, a fungus, not 0I-.
o/e (Fr. f.), goose.
olgnon (Fr. m.), onion.
oikist, use cecist*.
oil/cake*, -cloth* (one
word).
oil/-Golour, — -paint-
ing* (hyphens).
oil/skin*, -stone* (one
word).
Oipolloi (Gr.), the people,
use bo J — .
O.Ir., Old Irish.
Olson (Fr. m.), gosling.
oka* (Egypt., Turk.), about
2^/4 lb., also '/g of a quart.
okapi, giraffe-zebra-Iike
animal.
O'Kelly (The) (cap. T).
Oken(Iiorenz), 1 779-1851,
naturalist.
Oklahoma Territory,
U.S.A. ; abbr. Okla.
Terr.
Oktav (Ger. n.), octavo
(cap. ) ; breites — , crown
8vo.
O.Ii., Officer of (the Order
of) Leopold, Old Latin.
01., Olympiad.
Olaf (St.), patron of Nor-
way.
Olcott (Col. H. S.), 1830-,
theosophist.
old/, abbr. O. ; clothes-
man*, — -clothes-
shop* (hyphens).
Old - English type,
i)lac!i letter as t|is ;
abbr. O.E.
old-face type, earliest form
of roman type of fifteenth
century, as this ; abbr. O.F,
old-fashioned * (hyphen).
Old Man of the Sea, in
"Arab. Nights" (caps.).
Old Meldrum, Aberdeen.
Old Red Sandstone
(geol.) (caps.).
old-style type, that made
in imitation of the roman
letters used before 1800, as
this, caps. A.B.C. etc. ;
generally called "revived
old style"; abbr. O.S.
Oldswinford, Worcs. (one
word).
Old Testament, abbr.
O.T., or Old Test. ; for
abbr.ofbooks,5^^ each title.
oleiferous*, oil-producing,
not olif-.
oleography*, a method of
chromolithography.
oleomargarine* (one
word), pron, g as in go ;
abbr. oleo*.
OLG., Old Low German.
Olifant River, S. Afr.
Oligocene* (geol.) (cap.,
not ital.).
Oliphant (Laurence),
1829-88, writer and
mystic ; — (Mrs.), 1828-
97, writer (see also Olli-).
871
OLIVE — OOZY
olive/-branch*, — -oil*
(hyphens).
Olivetan*, an order of
monks, not -ian.
ollapodrida*,Sp. national
dish, also a medley (not
ital.).
Ollivant (Sir E. C. K.),
1846-, Ind. Civil Servant
(see also Oliphant).
011ivier(0.E.), 1825-, Fr.
statesman and writer.
Olney (Kichard), 1843-,
Amer. statesman.
Olympiad, abbr. Ol.
O.M., (Member of the) Order
of Merit.
o.m., old measurement,
omadhami*, Irish term of
contempt, not the many
variations.
Omagh, Co. Tyrone.
Omar Khayyd,m, 1050?-
1122, Pers. poet.
Omdurman, Sudan.
omelet*, in Fr. f. ome-
lette; omelette souf-
flSe, a puff omelet.
omicron, the Gr. o, not
omik-.
omissions (typ.), to be
indicated by three points,
not asterisks, separated by
em quads (see also delea-
tur, ellipsis),
omit/*, -ted*, -ting*.
Om mani padme bum,
Buddhist invocation,
omnibus/*, pi. -es; abbr.
bus*, not 'bus, pi. buses,
omnium gatherum*, a
confused medley (no
hyphen, not ital.).
O.M.T., Old Merchant
Taylors (School or pupil).
O.M. v., Master of Obstet-
rics, Vienna.
O.N"., Old Norse.
on-coming* (hyphen).
onj dit* (Fr. m. s. and pi.),
gossip.
one (a, not an).
one-and-tw^enty*, etc.
(hyphens).
one-eighth {see frac-
tions).
Oneida, socialistic commu-
nity.
one-ideaed* (hjrphen).
oneirocritic*, an inter-
preter of dreams, not
onir-.
oneness* (a, not an)
(one word).
oneself*, not one's self
(one word).
one-sided* (hyphen).
O.N.F., Old Norman-
French.
onlook/*, -er*, -ing* (one
word).
on ne passe pas (Fr.), no
thoroughfare.
onomasticon* (Gr.), a
vocabulary of proper
names.
onom atopoe/ia * . -ial *,
-ian*, -ic*, ' -ical*,
-ically*, word formation
by imitation of sound ;
abbr. onomat.
onomatopo/esis*, -etic*,
-etically*, not -poiesis.
onrush (one word).
onset/*, -ter*, -ting*.
on snore* (naut.) (two
words, hyphen as adj.).
onside (football) (one
word).
Ont., Ontario, Upper
Canada.
ontologize *, not -ise.
onus*, burden (hot ital.).
onus proband! (Lat.),
burden of proof (ital.).
%, per cent, -age.
Oodeypore, India, use
TJdaipur.
oof*, money.
oolong*, a tea, not
OU-.
oomiak*, Eskimo boat, not
the many variations.
oopak*, a tea, not -ack.
Ootacamund, Madras, use
Utak- ; colloq. abbr.
Ooty.
oozy *, muddy, not -ey.
97a
O.P. — ORDER
O.P., Old Playgoers (Club),
Old Prices, Ordinis Prxdi-
catorutn (of the Order of
Preachers, or Domini-
cans).
O.p.*, overproof; (theat.)
opposite the prompter's
side, or the actors right ;
(typ.) out of print.
op. (Lat.), opus (work),
opera (works).
opalize*, «o^-ise.
op. cit., opere citato (in the
work quoted) (not ital.).
open/-hearted*, -mouth-
ed* (hyphens).
Open Sesame* (caps.,
two words).
open-work/ *, -ed *, -ing *
(hyphens).
Opera butfa* (It.), comic
opera ; in Fr. OpSra
bouffe*.
Op6ra-Comique, Paris
theatre (hyphen).
opera-glass* (hyphen).
opercid/um* (biol.), a
cover; pi, -a* (not
ital.).
Opere] citato (Lat.), in the
work quoted, abbr. O.C,
or op. cit. ; — in medio,
in the midst of the work.
ophicleide*, not -eid.
ophiology*, study of ser-
pents, not ophid-.
ophthalmic*, of the eye.
Opie (Amelia) , 1 769-1 853,
writer; — (John), 1761-
1807, painter.
O.p.n., ora pro nobis (pray
for us).
opodeldoc*, a liniment.
opopanax*, a perfume.
opp., opposed, opposite.
oppressor*, not -&t,
opt., optative, optical, op-
tician, optics.
optime* (Camb.), one
next in merit to wranglers
(not ital.) ; pron. Op'ti-
mS, abbr. op.
optimize*, to make the
best of, not -ise.
Opus]* (Lat.), a work, pi.
Opera*, abbr. op,*-, —
magnum*, a great work,
pi. Opera magna,
opasculjum* (Lat.),asmall
work, an essay ; pi. -a*.
opus number* (mus.), the
one by which a work is
known (two words).
Opus operatum (Lat.), a
thing done.
or, two or more singular
subjects joined by or take
the verb in the singular
number, as : John or
William is going. In such
phrases as "black, white,
or green," or to be pre-
ceded by comma (see also
«*and" or", and").
or* (her.), gold or yellow.
«*or** ", or" follows same
rule as "and" or
" , and " (which see),
ora, see OS,
ora e sempre (It.), now
and always.
orangeade *, not -gade.
Orange/ism* (Ir.), not
-gisra ; -man* (one word,
cap.).
orang/-outang*, more
correctly — -utan*, not
-utang,ourang-outang(not
ital.).
Oranmore and Browne
(Baron).
ora pro nobis (Lat.), pray
for us ; abbr. o.p.n,
orat., orator, -ical, -ically.
oratorios (titles of)
(typ.), when cited, to be
roman double-quoted.
O.R.C., Order of the Red
Cross, Orange River
Colony.
ore*, a dolphin, not ork.
Orcadian, of Orkney.
ord., ordained, order, or-
dinal,ordinance, ordinary.
Order, abbr. O. ; when re-
ferring to a society, to be
cap., as the Order of
Jesuits.
273 18
ORDER — OSBOURNE
order/, abbr. ord. ; —
-book * (hyphen).
orders (bot. and zool.)j
caps, but not itahc.
ordin/al, -ance, -ary,
abbr. ord.
Ordn.. Ordnance.
ordre du jour (Fr. m.),
agenda of a meeting.
Ore., Oregon, U.S.A. (oflF.
abbr.).
ore*, coin of Den., Sw.,and
Norw.
0*Rell (Max), 1848-1903,
pen-name of Paul Blouet.
oreo/graphy, -logy, use
oro-*.
Orel rotundo (Lat.), well-
turned, imposing speech ;
— tenus, from the lips
and not the heart.
ore -weed*, notour-.
orfevrerle* (Fr. f.), gold-
smiths' work,
orfray, use orphrey*.
org., organ, -ic, -ism, -ized.
organdie*,book-muslin,Mo/
-i, -y ; in Fr. m. organdi.
organize*, etc., *tot -ise.
organon *, a system of rules.
orge (Fr. f.), barley.
orgeat* (Fr. m.), barley-
water,
org/y *, not -ie ; pi. -ies *.
Oriental/*, -ist* (cap.);
abbr. Or., or Orient,
orientalize*, not -ise (not
cap.).
oriflamme *, banner, not
-flamb.
orig., origin, -al, -ally, -ate,
-ated.
Origen, 185-253, a Father
of the Church.
original (Sp. typ.), copy.
** Origin of Species," by
C. Darwin, 1859.
orinasal*, of the mouth and
nose, not oro-.
Orinoco, river, S. Amer.
(see also oro-).
Orl6ans (House of) (6).
Ormes Head, Carnarvon
(no apos.).
ormolu*, a gold-coloured
alloy (not ital.).
Ormonde ( Marquess o/).
Ormuzd, the Zoroastrian
spirit of Good, not the
many variations.
ornjS* (Fr.), /em. -£e,
adorned.
ornith., ornithology, -ical.
ornithorhynchus*, the
duck-billed platypus.
oro/graphy*, -logy*,
mountain description and
science, not oreo-.
oronoco*, a tobacco, not
-ooko (not ital.) {see also
Ori-).
Orotava, Canary Isles,
not Ora-.
orotund*, magniloquent.
orphrey*, an ornamental
border, not orfray.
orris-root* (hyphen).
Or San Michele, church
at Florence, «o^ — Saint — .
orthoepy*, word pronun-
ciation.
orthopaBdic*, «o/-edic.
ortolan*, an edible bird
(not ital.).
Orvieto*, It. white wine.
O.S., Old Saxon, — school,
— series, — side, — style
(before 1752), — stj'Ie
type, ordinary seaman,
(paper) "outsides."
Os *, osmium.
O.S., only son.
OS * (Lat.), a bone ipl.ossa*.
OS * (Lat.), a mouth ;pl.ora*.
O.S.A., Order of St. Augus-
tine.
Osaka, Japan, not Oz-.
O.S.B.*, Order of St. Bene-
dict.
Osbom (Sir A. K. B.),
1870- ; — (Sherard),
1822-75, Arctic traveller.
Osborne, family name of
Dukes of Leeds ; — (Sir
Francis), 1856-.
Osbourne (Lloyd), 1 868-,
writer (stepson of R. L.
Stevenson).
374
OSCOTT — O.U.L.C.
Oseott College (R.C),
Warwickshire,
oscillatory*, not -ery.
osculjum * (Lat.) , a kiss, pi.
-a*; osculutn pacis*f
the kiss of peace.
O.S.F., Order of St. Fran-
cis.
O.Sl., Old Slavonic.
Osmanli*, of the fam. of
Osman, not -lee, -lie, -ly
(not ital.).
osmium*, symbol Os*.
Osmund*, a fern, also an
iron (not ital.).
O.S.N.C, Orient Steam
Navigation Company.
OSSa, see OS.
ossein*, bone-cartilage, ttoi
-ine.
Ossett, Yorks, not Oset,
Osset.
Ossory, Perns, and
Leighlin (Bishop of).
O.S.t.(naut.),ordinary spring
tides.
Ost (Ger. m.), east (cap.) ;
abbr. O.
ostensibl/e*, -y*.
OSterJa * (It), an inn.
bsterreich(Ger.), Austria,
not Oe- ; osterreicb-
iscbe Wabrung, Aus.
currency, abbr. 6. W,
(this much used).
Ostiaks, ofW. Siberia, not
Osty-.
ostiole*, a small opening,
not -eole.
ostler*, a groom, noth-.
ostracize*, etc., not
-ise.
ostreiculture*, oyster
culture, Mo^ostra-, ostrea-,
ostreo-, ostri-.
Oswaldtwistle, Lanes,
not -sle.
O.T.*, Old Testament.
Otaheite, now Tahiti.
O.Teut., Old Teutonic,
otherworld/liness*, -ly*
(one word).
OtiumI* (Lat.), leisure : —
cum dignliate*, leisure
with dignity; Otiumsine
dignitatCf leisure with-
out — .
O.T.M. (paper), Old Turkey
Mill.
otolith*, not -lite (not ital.).
OiOtoi* (Gr.), alas! not
otototoi, ottotoi.
Ottawa, Canada, not Otto-.
Otterspool, Lanes (one
word).
Ottoman/*, a Turk ; pi. -a
(cap.).
ottoman/*, a sofa, a fabric;
pi. -s (not cap.).
otto of roses, use attar
*^
Otway (Thomas), 1652-
85, dramatist.
O.TJ., Oxford University ;
O.U.A., Order of United
Americans ; O.IT.A.C.,
OxfordUniversity Athletic
Club ; O.U.A.F.C., ditto
Association Football — ;
O.IT.A.M., Order of
United American Mech-
anics.
ouananiche *, the Labrador
salmon ; pron. wa'nan-ish.
O.U.B.C, Oxford Univer-
sity Boat Club.
oubliette* (Fr. f.), a dun-
geon.
O.TJ.C.C., Oxford Univ.
Cricket Club.
Gudenarde (battle of),
1708.
Gudh, India, not Oude.
O.U.D.S., Oxford Univ.
Dramatic Society.
OUest (Yr.m.), west; abbr.O.
O.U.G.C, Oxford Univ.
Golf Club.
OUght,a cipher,nothing,«s«
naught* (see also au-).
G.U.H.C., Oxford Univ.
Hockey Club.
Guida, pen-name of Louise
de la Ramee.
oui'-dire (Fr. m. s. and pL),
hearsay.
G.U.Ii.C., Oxford Univ.
Lacrosse Club.
375 18 *
OULBSS — OZ.
Ouless (W. W.), 1848-,
painter.
O.U.L.T.C, Oxford Univ.
Lawn Tennis Club.
ounce/, -8, abbr. oz.*, sign ^;
437V3 grains avoirdupois,
480 gr. troy.
ourang-outang, t4se or-
ang-outang*.
ours* (no apos.).
O.U.R.TJ.P.C., Ox. Univ.
Rugby Union Football
Club; O.U.S.C., ditto
Swimming — .
ousel, use OUZ-*.
out * (typ.), an accidental
omission of copy in com-
position.
out-and-out* (hyphens).
out/board*; -come*;
-door*; -fit/*, -ted,
-ter*, -ting*; -general*;
-gro'w/j-th.* (one word).
out-Herod* (hyphen,
cap.).
outhouse* (one word).
outl/ie*, -ier*, -ying*.
outmanoeuvre* (one
word).
out/-of-date (adj.) (hy-
phens) ; — of print, abbr.
o.p. ; — of sorts (typ.),
when any letter in a fount
is all used.
out-patient*- (hyphen).
outrance* (k) (Fr.), to the
bitter end, not a 1'-.
oatrji* (Fr.), /em. -ie,
exaggerated.
outsides* (paper), the top
and bottom or imperfect
quiresofaream;abbr.O.S.
outstanding* (one word).
outstrip/*, -ped, -ping.
outv/ie*, -ier*, -ying*
(one word).
outward-bound* (adj.)
(hyphen).
outwit/*, -ted* -ting*.
OUvertl{Fr.),/ent. -e,open.
ouvrijer (Fr.), a workman;
/ent. 'dre.
ouzel*, a bird, not ous-.
over/alls*, -board* (one
word).
overburden*, not -then,
overburdensome*.
overcast (naut), abbr. O.
overcharge, abbr. o/c.
Over Darwen, Lanes.
over-glad* (hyphen).
over/land*, -mantel*,
-mantle, -rate*,
-reach*, -ride*, -rule*
(one word).
overrun* (typ.), to turn
over words from one line
to the next, for several or
many lines.
overseer (typ.), abbr. O.
Overtoun (Baron), not
-own ; pron. -tun.
OVOl/o*,a moulding;/"/, -i*.
ov/um*, an egg;/)/, -a* (not
ital.).
O. W, (Ger.), osttrreichische
Wdhrung (Austrian cur-
rency), a much-used abbr.
Owens College, Man-
chester (no apos.).
owner, abbr. O.
Ox., Oxford.
«« Oxford Almanack,*'
not ac.
"Oxford English Dic-
tionary (The),** abbr.
O.E.D., not H.E.D.,
N.E.D.
Oxfordshire, abbr. Oxon.
oxide*, «o/-id, -yd, -yde.
oxidize*, etc., not -ise,
oxy-.
Oxon, Oxfordshire, Oxonia
(Oxford), Oxoniensis (of
Oxford) (no point).
Oxon., signature of Bp. of
Oxford (full point).
oxychloride*, not oxi-.
oxygen/*, symbol O*;
-ize *, not -ise.
oyer and terminer * (law).
oyezi* hear ye 1 not oyes;
pron. o'yez.
oz.*, ounce, -s.
376
O NOTES
•77
O NOTES
978
PAGE
P., pastor, post, prince, the
fifteenth in a series,
proper names with this
initial, (Fr.) Pere (Father),
(Lat.) Papa (Pope), Pater
(Father), pontifex (a
bishop), populus (people),
proconsul, (mech.) pres-
sure.
P*, phosphorus, (chess)
pawn (no point).
p., page (this should not
end a line), participle,
past, perch, pipe, pole,
(Fr.) passe (past), pied
(foot), pouce (inch), pour
(for), (ichth.) pectoral,
{Lat.) partitn (in part), per
(by, for), pius (holy), pon-
dere (by weight), post
(after), prinius (first),
pro (for), (naut.) passing
showers.
p (It. mus.),^/a«o (softly).
p., poco (little).
^, per (by, for).
% (typ.), the reversed or
blind P, the paragraph
mark, used to denote the
commencement of a new
paragraph ; also sixth re-
ference mark for foot-
notes in math, works.
n (Gr.), see pi.
P.A.*, Post Adjutant.
Pa.*, Pennsylvania (off.
abbr.).
p.a., par amitie' (hy favour),
per annum (yearly).
pabulum*, food (not ital.).
p.a.C. (mil.), Passed Ad-
vanced Class (at Ord-
nance College), not
Passed Artillery College.
pacej (Lat.), with the con-
sent of; — tua, with
your consent.
pacha, use pasha*.
pacha (Fr. m.), pasha.
pachymeter *, measuring
instrument, not pacho-.
package/, -s, abbr. pkg.
packet/, -ed, -ing.
packthread* (one word).
pad*, sheets of paper fast-
ened at one or more edges,
and removable singly.
padding *, increase of
printed matter, without
enhancing value.
Paderewski (I. J.), i860-,
pianist; pron. -evski.
padishah*, Pers. title, not
padsh-.
padlock* (one word).
padre* (It., Port., Sp.),
father, applied also to a
priest.
padtvnje* (It.), a master,
employer ; pi. -/.
p. SB., partes sequales (equal
parts).
psBan*, a song of triumph.
psedagogy, use pe-*.
paedeutics *, science of
education, not pai-.
Peedobaptists*, not Pe-.
paBnology, use pe-*.
pcBon*, Greek prosody.
paeony, use peony*.
Paganini (Nicolo), 1784-
1840, violinist.
paganize*, not -ise.
page*, (typ.) type, or
type and cuts, properly
arranged for printing on
one side of a book leaf;
not to be confused with
leaf or leaves ; each leaf,
being printed on both
sides, consists of two
pages. A single page
(chapter endings, etc.)
should not contain less
than five lines. Abbr. p.,
pi. pp.; even — , one
a79
PAGE — PAMPHLET
bearing a number divi-
sible by two ; odd page,
one bearing a number
not divisible by two ; —
proof, one made up into
pages ; "White — , a blank
page {see also pagina-
tion).
page (Fr. m.), a page-boy ;
(f.) page of a book.
paginate*, to mark with
consecutive numbers.
pagination*, the paging
of a book, also the act
of paging ; (typ.) all
page numbers should be
at the outside of the head
margin, as this position
facilitates reference when
rapidly turning over the
leaves : when there are
headlines, they are
usually put in the cen-
tre of the tail margin.
The late Sir Leslie
Stephen wrote to me
that he considered all
pages (even the first of a
chapter) should be num-
bered : a plan to be re-
commended as facilitating
reference ; quotation
of — , to be 322-4, not
322-34 {see also pre-
liminary matter).
pag/ing*, -inal*.
Pahlanpur, India, use
Pal-.
paid, abbr. pd.
paideutics, use pssd-*.
paijamas, use py-*.
paillasse* (Fr. m.), a
clown ; (f.) a straw-mat-
tress, in Eng. palliasse.
paillesj (Fr. cook, f.),
straws ; — depattnesatt,
cheese-straws.
Pain (Barry), writer
{see also Payii/, -e).
pain (Fr. m.), bread.
Paine (Thomas), 1737-
1809, author "The Rights
of Man" {see also Payn/,
-e).
painim,a pagan, «5*pay-*.
paint., painting,
paintings (titles of),
when cited, to be roman
double-quoted,
pair/, -s, abbr. pr.
pais (trial per)*, trial by
jury.
pajamas, Amer. form of
py-*.
Paket setzen (Ger. tj^p.),
to compose in slips.
Pal., Palestine.
paleBO-*, prefix, «o/paleo-.
palaeography *, abbr.
palcBog.
palaeontology*, abbr. pa-
laeont. ; (typ.) genera,
species, and varieties to
be italic, other divisions
roman {see also botany).
palaeozoic *, not pale-.
palasstra* (Gr.), a wrest-
ling school, not pale-.
palals (Fr. m.), palace,
palate.
palankeen*, not -quin.
Palanpur, Ind., notPahl-.
palan/quin, use -keen*.
palazzjo (It.), a palace;
pi. -/.
pal/e*, -ish*.
paleo-,prefix, ws^palaeo-*.
Palestine, abbr. Pal.
paletot*, an overcoat (no
accent, not ital.).
palette*, for colour-mixing
(see also pallet).
palladium*, symbol Pd*.
pallet* (horol. and organ
building) {seealso palette).
palliasse, a straw -mat-
tress; in Fr.f. paillasse,
palliat/e*, -or*.
palm-oil* (hyphen).
Palm Sunday*, one before
Easter (two words, caps.).
pam., pamphlet.
Pamir, Cent. Asia, not -irs.
pampas-grass* (hyphen).
pamphlet * (typ.), any
work not exceeding five
sheets, usually in paper
covers ; abbr. pam.
980
PAN. — PAPOOSE
Pan., Panama,
panacea*, a cure-all (not
ital.).
panais (Fr. m.), parsnip.
Pan/- African*, — -A-
merican*, — -Angli-
can* (hyphen, caps.).
Pandean pipes *, not
-sean (cap.).
pandemonium*, not pan-
dae-.
pandit, «s*pun-*.
P. & O.*, Peninsular and
Oriental Steam Naviga-
tion Company,
panegyrize *, not -ise.
panel/*, -led*, -ling*, not
-ell, pann-.
paner (Fr. cook.), to dress
with eggs and bread-
crumbs.
Panliellen/ic *, -ism *
(one word, cap.).
Panislam* (one word).
Panizzi (Sir Antonio),
1 797-1879, librarian.
Panjab, use Punjab,
panjandrum*, a mock
title.
pannel, use panel*,
pannikin*, not -can, pana-
kin, -ikin.
Pan-pipe*, not Pan's —
(cap., hyphen).
pans (French dressmaking,
m. plural), long floating
ends of ribbon, also coat-
tails.
Panslavic *, not Panscl-.
pantagraph, use pan-
to-*.
Pantheon *, Rome.
Pantli6on, Paris (6).
pantograph*, a mechani-
cal drawing machine, not
panta-, penta-.
pantomime*.
pantoufle (Fr. f.), a
slipper; in English pan-
tofle*.
paon] (Fr.), peacock ; fent.
-ae.
Papa* (Lat.), Pope; abbr.
P.
papal/*, -ly*.
paper (approximate
sizes of unfolded
printing)—
crown, 20 X 15 in.
demy, 221/2 x 17V2
double crown, 30 x 20
— demy, 35 x 22^/2
— foolscap, 27 X 17
— post, 31V2 X i9Va
— royal, 40 x 25
imperial, 30 x 22
medium, 23^/2 x 18*/,
post, 19V4X15V3
royal, 25 x 20
super-royal, 27^/3 x 20^/2
drawing and writing .
ditto —
antiquarian, 53x31 in.
atlas, 34 X 26
Columbier, 34^/2 x 23^2
copy, or draft, 20 x 16
demy, 20 x 15V2
dble. elephant, 40x26^2
elephant, 28 x 23
emperor, 7a x 48
foolscap, 17 X i37a
imperial, 30 x 22
medium, 22 x 17V2
post (large), 21 x i6^/j
— (small), 19 X 15V4
pott, 15 X 1272
royal, 24 x 19
super-royal, 27 x 19
(See also demy, double,
medium, folio, fools-
cap, imperial.)
papetfler (Fr.), fent. -ibrCj
a stationer.
Papier (Ger. n.), paper
(cap.).
papier (Fr. m.), paper (not
cap.).
papier ma,ch6* (two
words, not ital.).
papoose*, N. Amer. infant,
not papp-.
a8x
PAPPBAND — PARENTHESIS
Pappband (Ger. typ. n.),
boards ; abbr. Ppb, (cap.).
Pappe (Ger. f.), cardboard
(cap.).
Paps^(Ger.m.),Pope(cap.).
papyr/us*, pi. -i*.
par *, of exchange, etc. (no
point).
par., paragraph, parallel,
parenthesis, parish.
par* (Fr.), by, out of.
Para., Paraguay.
Parable of the Ten
Virgins (caps.).
pari accds (Fr.), by fits
and starts ; — accident,
accidentally ; — accord,
by agreement.
paradisaical*, not -iacal.
paraffin*, not -ine.
paragon* type, 3,S
this,20point,
37^ lines to
the inch.
paragraph*, the matter
between one break-line
and the next ; (typ. )
in conversation, one for
each fresh speaker or
interruption. First line
in 8vo, under twenty ems
pica wide, usually in-
dented one em, above
this width one and a half,
or in wide-leaded matter
two ems. In 4to, usually
two ems. Last line should
have more than four let-
ters. When numbered
I, 2, clauses (i), (2).
Abbr. par.,/*/, pars., sign
^, or [ {see also proof
correction marks).
paragraph mark (H)
(typ.), used to show
where a new paragraph is
to begin ; also sixth refer-
ence mark for foot-notes
in math, works.
Paraguay *, pron. par'a-
gwl ; abbr. Para.
parait pas {it n*y) (Fr.),
there is no appearance
of it.
paraitptus {it n*y) (Fr.),
there remains no trace
of it.
parakeet*, not paraquet,
-oquet, -okeet, parroquet,
paralipsis* (rhet.), not
-leipsis, -lepsis, -y.
parallel/*, abbr. par. ;
-ed*, -ing*.
paralidie (Fr. f.), parallel
geom. lines ; a fortifica-
tion ; in all other senses
masc.
parallelepiped/*, -on*,
not -ipiped, -opiped.
parallel mark (l|) (typ.),
fifth reference mark for
foot-notes in math, works.
paralogize*, to reason
falsely, not -ise.
paralyse*, «o/-ise, -ize.
Paramatta, use Parra-.
Paramecinm* (zool.), not
-aecium, -oecium.
par amitiS (Fr.), by fa-
vour ; abbr. p. a.
paraph*, the flourish at
the end of a signature.
paraphernalia*, is pi.
paraquet, ms« parakeet*.
par avance (Fr.), in
advance.
parbleul* (Fr. colloq.),
an exclamation of sur-
prise.
parcel/*, -led*, -ling*.
parcel post*, not par-
cels — .
parcimony, ws^parsi-*.
pari ci, par Ik (Fr.), here
and there; — complai-
sance*, out of politeness;
— dSpit, out of spite.
parenthes/is*, pi. -es*,
abbr. parens. ; in Fr. f.
parenthtse, in Ger. f.
Parentbese, the up-
right curves ( ) (see also
punctuation, XX).
a8a
PABENTHESIZE — PARTIM
parenthesize*, to insert
as a parenthesis, twt -ise.
parerg/on*, a subsidiary
work; pi. -a* (not ital.).
parjexemple * (Fr.), for in-
stance,abbr.p.e-Y. ; — ex-
cellence *, pre-eminent-
ly ; —exprhs, by express ;
— favear, by favour ;
— force *f by superior
strength.
pargana (Ind.), a parish,
use pergunnab *.
par basard (Fr.), by
chance, not — haz-.
pari mutuel* (Fr.), a
method of betting.
pari passu (Lat.), at the
same rate or time.
paris green (not cap.).
parish/, abbr. par. ; —
priest, abbr. P.P.*
Parisian, of Paris (cap.) ;
Parlslenne (Fr. f.), a
woman of Paris (cap.).
park, abbr. pk.
Park (Mungo), 1771-
1806, Afr. traveller.
Parkes (Sir Harry S.),
1828-85, diplomatist in
China and Japan ; — (Sir
Henry), 1815-96, Aus-
tralian statesman.
Park Gate, Hants (two
words).
Parkgate,Cheshire,Yorks,
Antrim (one word).
Pari., parliamentary.
Parliament/ (cap.), abbr.
Pari. ; — House, Edin.,
the Sc. Law Courts (see
also Assemblies).
parlour*, not -or.
Parmesan*,a cheese made
at Parma.
parochialize*, mo/ -ise.
parokeet, ms« parakeet*.
parol* (law), oral, not
written, not -le.
parole*(mil.), a watchword.
parole (Fr. f.), promise.
paroquet, ms« parakeet*.
paroxysm*.
par parentbdse (Fr.), by
the way ; par pricau-
iion, as a precaution.
parquetry*, inlaid flooring;
in Fr. f. parqueterie.
"Parr, St. Helens, Lanes.
Parr (««01d"), 1483-
1635, aged 152.
parr*, a young salmon^ not
par.
parrakeet, use para-
keet*.
Parramatta, N.S.W., not
-mata. Para-.
Parratt (Sir Walter),
1841-, Mus.Doc.
Parrish*s chemical food.
parroquet, use para-
keet*.
pars., paragraphs.
Parsee/*, noi-i ; pi. -s.
"Parsifal," by Wagner,
1879.
parsimony*, not parci-.
parsnip* (bot.), not -ep.
Parsonstown, King's
County (one word).
part, abbr. pt.
part., participle.
parterre *, a flower-bed, or
garden (not ital.).
partes asquales (Lat.),
equal parts ; abbr. p. aB.
Parthenon, temple at
Athens.
Parthian* arrow, or
shaft (cap.).
parti* (Fr. m.), party (fac-
tion), match (marriage),
resolution (good or bad).
particepsj (Lat.), an ac-
complice ; — criminis,
a participator in crime.
participator*, not-er.
participle, abbr. p., or
part.
parti - coloured*, not
party-.
particularize*, not -ise.
particuiier (Fr. m.), a
private citizen.
partiej* (Fr. f.), part; —
Carrie *, a party of four.
partial (Lat.), in part;
abbr. p.
383
PARTI PRIS — PATRONIZE
parti pris (Fr.m.), foregone
conclusion, prejudice ;
de , deliberately.
partisan*, not -zan.
partout (Fn), everywhere,
part-song* (hyphen).
party (Conservative, Lib-
eral, etc.) (not cap.).
party - coloured, use
parti-*,
parure* (Fr. f.), a set of
jewels.
parvenu/*,^w. -e*,pl. -s,
an upstart (not ital.).
par vole telSgrapblque
(Fr.), by telegraph; abbr.
p.v.t
Pas-de- Calais, ddp. N.
Fr. (hyphens).
pas del deux* (Fr. m.),
dance for two ;
quatre, ditto four;
trois, ditto three.
Pas de zelel (Fr.), Don't
be too zealous I
pasha* (Turk.), a title
• placed o/fer the name, not
'cha, -shaw, bashaw ; in
Fi". m. pacha.
« Pasha of Many Tales,"
by Marryat, 1836.
Pasha of three tails, the
highest rank ; then two
— , then one tail.
Pas possible! (Fr.), You
don't say so 1
pass., passive,
passable*, may be passed
(s^^a/50 passi-).
passjS* (Fr.), /em. -ie,
past, faded ; abbr. p.
passementerie* (Fr. f.),
embroidery, «o/passi-.
passe-partout* (Fr. m.), a
master-key, also permit.
pas seui* (Fr. m.), dance
for one person,
passible*, susceptible (see
also passa-).
passim* (Lat.), here and
there.
Passion Week*, one be-
fore Faster (two words,
caps.).
pass-key* (hyphen).
password* (one word).
past, abbr. p.
pastel/*, -list* (art), not
-elist {see also pastille).
pastdque (Fr. f.), water-
melon.
pasteurize*, to sterilize,
not -ise.
pastille*, confection, odor-
izer,«o^il(5^^a/5opastel).
pastor, abbr. P.
pat/*, -ted, -ting*.
Pata., Patagonia.
patchouli*, not -ly.
p&teHYr. cook, f.), paste; —
d*italie, vermicelli, maca-
roni ; — feuilletSe, puff
paste; — frisSe, short
paste {see also patie).
pMtij* (Fr. m.), a pie ; —
de toie gras *, goose-
liver pie.
paten*, Eucharist bread-
plate, not -in, -ine.
Patent Ofi5.ce, abbr. Pat.
Off.
Pater* (Lat.), Father; abbr.
P.
paterfamilias *, father of
a family ; pi. patres-.
paternoster* (a) (one
word).
Paterson (A. H.), 1862-,
writer; — ("Williani),
1658-1719, founder of the
Bank of England {see also
Patt-).
path., pathology.
Patiala, Punjab.
patin/, -e, use paten*.
patissjerie* (Fr. f.), pastry;
-/er, fetn. 'ihre, pastry-
cook.
patois (not ital.).
Patresj {Lat), fathers,abbr.
PP. ; — Conscriptiy
Conscript Fathers, abbr.
PP.C.
patria potestas (Rom.
law), father's power over
his family.
patrol/*, -led*, -ling*.
patronize*, «o/-ise.
S84
PATTE — PEARCE
pattej* (Fr. dress, f.), a
decorative strap ; — de
collet, shoulder-strap.
Patteson (J. C), 1827-71,
martyr-bishop {see also
Pater-).
Pattison (Mark), 1813-
84, Rector of Line. Coll.,
' Oxford.
pauca verba (Lat.), few
words.
Pauer (Ernst), 1826-,
pianist ; pron. pow'r.
Paul (Kegan), Trench,
Triibner, & Co., Ltd.,
publishers, London,
pauperize*, etc., «o/-ise.
pavan*, a dance, «o/-ane,
-en, -ian, -in.
pavS* (Fr. m.), pavement,
pavilion*, «o/pavill-.
pavilion* (Fr. m.), flag,
bell of a trumpet, etc.
paviour*, one who lays
pavements, not -er, -ier,
-ior.
pawl*, a detent,
pawn (chess), abbr. P.
pax vobiscum I (Lat.),
peace be with you !
paxwax*, the neck carti-
lages, not the many
variations.
Payen-Payne (de Vin-
oheles), 1866-, writer.
paymaster,abbr. paymr.,
or P.M. (one word).
Paymaster - General
(caps., hyphen) ; abbr.
P.M.G.
payment, abbr. pt.
Payn (James), 1830-98,
writer (see a/50 Pain/, -e).
Payne (Edward John),
1844-, historian ; — (J.
H.), 1792-1852, wrote
" Home, Sweet Home."
Payne - Gallwey (Sir
Ralph "W.), 1848-,
writer on sport,
paynim *, a pagan, not pai-.
Pays-Bas (Fr. m. pi.), the
Netherlands (cap.., hy-
phen).
P.B., Pharmacopoeia BritaU'
nica (British Pharma-
copcEia), Plymouth Breth-
ren, Prayer Book, Primi-
tive Baptists, (mil.) Pro-
visional Battalion.
"Ph* J plumbum (lead).
P.Bor., Pharmacopoeia Bor-
ussica (Prussian Pharma-
copoeia).
P.O., Parish Council, -lor,
Perpetual Curate, police-
constable. Privy Council,
-lor; p/c, petty cash,
prices current; p.C, post
card ; P.C.C., Prerogative
Court of Canterbury ;
P.C.M.O., Principal
Colonial Medical OflScer ;
P.C.P., Past Chief
Patriarch ; P.C.R.S.,
Poor Clergy Relief
Society; P.C.S. (Sc),
Principal Clerk of Ses-
sion.
P.D., a pepper adulterant.
Pharmacopoeia Dub-
linensis (Dublin Pharma-
copoeia), Postal District
(London), (elec.) poten-
tial difference, printer's
devil, (Ger.) Privatdozent
(university teacher) ;
Pd*, palladium; pd.,
paid ; p.d.a., pour dire
adieu (to say good-bye) ;
P.D.A.D.(law), Probate,
Divorce, and Admiralty
Division ; Pd.B. (Amer.),
Bachelor of Pedagogy ;
Pd.D., Doctor ditto ;
Pd.M., Master ditto.
P.E., Pharmacopoeia Edin-
burgensis (Edinburgh
Pharmacopoeia), Presiding
Elder, Protestant Epis-
copal.
peacemaker* (one word).
pea/cock*, fem. -hen*;
young, -chick * (one
word).
pea-green* (hyphen).
Pearce (Sir "W. G.),
1861- (see also Peirse).
285
PEARL TYPE — PENTECOST
pearl * type, the smallest size
but one regularly made, four and
three-quarter point, fifteen lines to
the inch, as this.
Peary (R. E.), 1854-,
Amer. Arctic explorer.
pease-pudding *.
peat-hag*, a peat pit.
pebbl/e*, -y*.
peccadillo/*,/"/, -es.
peccary*, S. Amer. mam-
mal, not -i.
peccavji* (Lat.), I have
erred ; pi. -imus.
p6che (Fr. f.), fishery, -ing,
peach.
pecbS (Fr. m.), a sin.
pScber (Fr.), to fish.
picher (Fr.), to sin.
Pechdli, China (one word).
peck/, -s, abbr. pk.
pectoral (ichth.), abbr. p.
peculat/e*, -or*.
Ped. (mus.), pedal.
pedagog/ue*, -y*, not pae-.
pedal/*, -led, -Ling*.
pedlar*, not -er, peddler.
Pedobaptists, use Pae-*.
Peeblesshire, abbr. Pee-
bles.
peep-sho"w* (hyphen).
peewit, use pewit *.
Peggotty, in " David
Copperfield."
P.E.I., Prince Edward
Island.
peignoir* (Fr. m.), a dress-
ing-gown.
Peirse (Sir H. M. de la
P. B.), 1850- (see also
Pearce).
Peking, China, not -kin;
now often Pei-Ching.
pekoe*, a black tea, not
peckoe, pecco (not cap.).
pell-mell*, confusedly ; in
Fr. pSie-mSIe.
Peloponnesus,the modern
Morea.
pemmican*, dried meat,
not pemi-.
pen., peninsula.
penalize*, «o/-ise.
Penang,off. for Prince of
Wales Island.
penchant*, bias (not ital.)^
pencil/*, -led*, -ling*.
pendant *, anything hang-
ing.
pendent* (adj.), suspended.
pendente lite * (Lat.),
during the suit.
pendule (Fr. m.), pendu-
lum ; (f.) clock.
pendulum/*, pi. -s*.
penetralia* (Lat.), secrets.
pen-feather*, quill ditto,
not pin-.
penguin*, a bird, «o^pin-.
Penicuik, Midlothian ;
pron. pen-'y-cook.
Peninsular/ Campaign,
U.S.A., 1862 ; — War,
1808-14.
Penit., penitentiary.
Penmaenmawr, Carnar.
pen-name* (hyphen).
penn'orth* (colloq.), a
pennyworth.
Pennsylvania, offic. abbr.
Pa., not Penn.
penny*,/)/, pennies* when
meaning the number of
coins : pence *, their
value ; abbr. s. and pi. d.
penn/y*, -iless*.
penny-a-liner* (hyphens).
pennsrroyal* (one word).
penny-weight*, 24 grains;
abbr. s. and pi. dwt.*
penology *, science of
punishment, not pae-.
Penrhyn, Carnarvon, also
Baron — ; pron. pen'rin.
Penryn, Cornwall.
pensSe * (Fr. f.), thought,
maxim, also pansy ; ar-
rierel , a mental reser-
vation, pi. pensies.
pension! (Fr. f.), a board-
ing-house, school ; en — ,
on boarding terms ; pen-
sionnat (m.), a board-
ing-school.
Pent., Pentecost.
pentagraph, use panto-*.
Pentateuch/*, -al* (cap.).
Pentecost *, Whit-Sunday;
abbr. Pent.
886
PENTECOSTAL — PER PROCURATIONEM
Pentecostal* (not cap.).
pentstemon* (bot), not
pens-.
penumbra/* (astr.), pi. -s.
peon*, a servant {see also
paean, paBon).
peony *, not pae-.
pepsin*, mo/ -ine.
Pepys (Samuel), 1632-
1703, wrote " Pepys's
Diary" ; pron. peeps.
per., period.
.per* (Lat.), by, for; abbr.
p., or^; peraccidens*j
by accident ; per an-
num *, yearly, abbr.
p. a., or per ann. (not
ital.) ; per capita, by the
number of individuals.
perceiv/e*, -able*, -er*.
percentage* (one word).
perl cento (It.), per cent ;
— centum (Lat.), by the
hundred, abbr. per cent
(no point), or %.
perceptible* not -able.
Perceval (Sir W. B.),
•1854- ; — (Spencer),
1762-1812, statesman.
perch*, abbr. p.
perchance*, perhaps.
percbe (Fr. f.), perch (a
fish), pole (stick).
percolat/e*, -ing*, -or*.
perl consequens* (Lat.),
consequently; — con-
tra *, on the other hand ;
— curiam, by the court;
— diem*, daily.
perdreaul (Fr. m.), a year-
old partridge ; pi. -x,
perdrlxl (Fr. f.), partridge,
pi. same ; — blancbe,
ptarmigan.
perdu*! (Fr.), fern, -e,
concealed, lost.
Phre (Fr. m.), R.C.C.
father; abbr. P.
P^re Ijachaise, cemetery
near Paris (two words,
caps.).
perl essentlam (Lat.),
essentially ; — eundem,
by the same (judge).
perf., perfect, (stamps)
perforated.
per fas autnefas* (Lat.),
through right or wrong.
perfect*, abbr. perf.
perfecter*, not -or.
perfecting*/ (typ.), print-
ing the second side of a
sheet ; press*, or —
-machine*, one which
prints both sides of the
paper before its delivery.
perforat/ed*, abbr. perf.;
-or*.
perforce*, of necessity
(one word).
Pergamentband {Ger. m.),
vellum binding (cap.).
pergunnab* (Ind.), parish.
peridot*, gem, not -te.
perigee*/ (astr.), pi. -s;
abbr. perig.
P6rigord pie*.
perine/um*, -al* (anat.).
per interim* (Lat.), in the
meantime.
period*, abbr. per. ; in typ.
called the full point, or
point {see punctuation,
XXI).
periodicals* (titles of),
when cited, to be roman
double-quoted.
periphras/is *, circumlocu-
tion ; pi. -es*.
peritoneum*, Ko/-aeum.
perityphlitis* (path.).
periwig*, not perri-.
periwinkle *, plant, and
mollusc.
per mark (typ.), ^.
per mensem * (Lat.),
monthly.
permis de sSJour (Fr. m.),
permission to reside.
permissible*.
permit*/, -ted*, -ting*.
Ferowne, pron. p6-rOn'.
per pals* (Norman Fr.), by
jury ( = by the county).
Perpetual* Curate, abbr.
P.O.
perl procurationem *
(Lat.), by procuration,
PER QUOD — PFIiEIDEKESB
abbr. per proc. * ; per
quod* (Lat.), whereby.
Perranzabuloe,Cornwall.
Pers., Persia, -n.
pers., person, -al, -ally.
per\ saltum* (Lat.), at a
leap; — se*, by himself,
herself, itself, or them-
selves.
Persia/, -n, abbr. Pers.
Persian type has four
forms, Naskhi, Taleek,
Nustaleek, Shekestah ;
Persian morocco*, the
best.
persiflage* (not itaL).
per sign (typ.), ^.
persll (Fr. m.), parsley.
persimmon* (bot.), not
-simon.
persisten/ce*, in Fr. f.
-ancc; -cy*, -t*.
personal grata* (Lat),
an acceptable person ; —
gratJssitnat a most ac-
ceptable person ; — in-
grata, ditto unacceptable.
personnel*, a staff of
persons employed in any
service.
persp., perspective.
per stirpes* (Lat), by the
number of families.
persuasible*.
per totam curiam (Lat),
unanimously.
perturbat/or*,7^w. -rix*.
pertnirber*, not -or.
Peru., Peruvian.
peruke*, a v^ig, «o/-que.
per viam (Lat), by way of.
pes* (Lat), a foot; pi.
pedes*,
Peshawar, Ind., «o/-ur.
pesbwa*f a Mahratta chief.
peso*, Spanish dollar.
pessimi exempli (Lat),
likely to prove a bad
example.
Pestalozzi (J. H.), 1745-
1827, Swiss educationist.
Pesth, itse Budapest.
Pet., Peter (New Test.).
petal*/, -led*.
Peterhof, palace of Em p.
of Russia (one word).
Peter Schlemihl, a well-
meaning unlucky fellow.
Peter's pence* (cap.,
apos., two words).
petiti {Fr.),fetn. -e, small;
— comite, a small party.
petitio principii (Lat.),
begging the question.
petit-laity whey.
petit- maitre (Fr. m. ), a fop ;
petite-maitresse, a fe-
male dandy, pi. petiteS'
maitresses.
petitsj pois (Fr. m.), green
peas ; — SOins, little
attentions.
petit verre* (Fr. m.), a
glass of liqueur.
Petre*, /tow. pe'tr.
petrel*, a bird, not -erel.
Petriburg., signature of
Bp. of Peterborough (full
point).
petrol*, oil for motor-cars,
petrology*, abbr. petrol.
Pettie (John), 1839-93,
painter.
Petty (Sir William),
1623-87, writer, etc.
petty/ cash*, abbr. p/c;
— officer (two words),
abbr. P.O.
peuapeu (Fr.), gradually.
peut-itre (Fr.), perhaps.
pevtrit*, not pee-.
p. ex, {YT.),parexetnple(JoT
instance).
P.P., Procurator-fiscal.
Pf. (Ger.), Pfund (pound).
p.f. (Fr.), pour feiiciter ;to
congratulate).
pi (It mus.) piu forte (a
little louder).
Pfennig*! (Ger. m.), about
half a farthing, not -ing ;
pi. -e, abbr. Pfg. (cap.).
Pfingsten (Ger.), Whit-
suntide ; PfingstmoB'
tag, Whit-Monday.
Pfleiderer (Edmund),
1842-1903, philos. ; —
(Otto), 1839-, theol.
P.F.S.A. — PHILLIP
"p.f.a.a,., pour/at're ses adieux
(to say goodbye).
Pfund (Ger. n.), pound
(cap.) ; abbr. Pf.
p.f.V., pour faire vtsite (to
make a call).
P.G., German Pharma-
copoeia, (paper) plate-
glazed ; P.G.M. (Free-
masonry, Odd Fellows),
Past Grand Master.
ph8Bnogain*(bot.),Mo/phe-.
phaenoinenon, use phe-*.
Phaethon (class, myth.),
the Sun God, not Phafi-,
-ton.
phaeton*, a carriage (not
cap.).
phalan/x*, a compact body
of men, etc. ; pi. -es.
phall/us* (bot. and comp.
relig.), ^/. -i*.
phantasmagoria*, is
sing.^ pi. -s.
phantasy*, etc., Ms«fan-*.
phantom*, not f-.
Phar., pharmacopoeia.
Pharaoh*, not -oah.
pharisaic/*,-al* (not cap.).
Pharisee/ *, pi. -s.
pharm., pharmaceutical,
pharmacy.
Pharmacol., pharmaco-
logy.
pharmacopoeia/*, a book
describing drugs, abbr. P.,
orPhar.; — Borussica
(of Prussia), abbr. P.Bor.;
— Britannica (of Eng-
land), abbr. P.B.; —
Dublinensis (of Dublin),
abbr. P.D. ; — Ediri-
burgensis (of Edin-
burgh), abbr. P.E.; Ger-
man — , abbr. P.G. ; —
Londinensis (of Lon-
don), abbr. P.L.
pharyn/x*, ^/. -ges.
Phayre, />ro«. fair.
Ph.B., Philosophic Bacca-
laureus (Bachelor of
Philos.).
Ph.C. (Amer.), Pharma-
ceutical Chemist.
Ph.D., Philosophise Doctor
(Doctor of Philosophy).
**Ph§dre/*by Racine, 1677.
Phenician, use Phoe-*.
phenix, use phce-*.
phenogam, use phaeno-*.
phenomen/on*, an appear-
ance ; pi. -a*, not phae-
(not ital.).
Ph.G. (Amer.), Graduate
in Pharmacy.
Phidias, 500-432 b.c,
Athenian sculptor ; in Gr.
Pheid-.
Phil., Philadelphia, Philip-
pians.
Philadelphia, abbr. Phil.
philatel/ic *, -ically *,
-ist*, -y*.
Philem., Philemon.
Philhellenic* (one word,
cap.).
philibeg, use filibeg*.
Philip & Son, map pub-
lishers, London.
Philippe, Kings of Fr. and
Sp. {see also Phill-).
Philippians, abbr. Phil.
philippic* (not cap.).
philippina*, a game of
forfeits, not fillipeen,
philipena, phillipine.
Philippine Islands.
Philippopolis, Bulgaria.
PhUipps (Sir C. E. G.),
1840- ; — (Sir J. E.),
1 824-.
Philips (Ambrose),
1675-1749, writer ; —
(EdiArard), 1630-94,
writer, Milton's nephew ;
— (P. C), 1849-,
writer ; — (John), 1631-
1 706, writer, Milton's
nephew ; — (Sir Jo-
seph), 1839-, Maj.-Gen.
{see also Phill-).
Pbilister* (Ger.), a towns-
man, a non-student ; pi.
same (cap.)
Phillip (Colin B.), 1856-,
painter ; — (John),
1817-67, painter {see also
Philip).
289 19
PHHiLIPINE — PICA
phillipina, use philipp-*.
PhiUipps (J. O. HalH-
well-), 1820-89, Shak.
scholar;— (SirThomas),
1792-1872, book collector
{see also Philips).
PhiUipps -WoUey (C),
1 854-, writer.
Phillips (Claude), art
writer; — (F, Emily),
writer; — (Sir G. P.
Paudel-), 1840- ; —
(Stephen), poet ; —
("Wendell), 181 1-84,
Amer. abolitionist {see
also Philips).
Phillpotts (Eden), 1862-,
writer ; — (Henry),
1778-1869, Bp. of Exeter
{see also Philpo/t, -tt).
philosophers* stone*, not
-r's.
philosophize*, not -ise.
PMlpot (J. H.), 1850-,
writer.
Philpott (Henry), 1807-
92, Bp. of Worcester {see
also Phillpotts).
Phil. Soc, Philological
Society of London, Philo-
sophical Society of Amer.
Phil. Trans., the " Philo-
sophical Transactions of
the Royal Society of
London."
philtre* (love), not -er.
phlebitis*, inflammation of
the veins.
Phoebus* Apollo.
Phoenician*, not Phe-.
phoenix*, not phe-.
phon., phonetics.
phosphorous*, of phos-
phorus.
phosphorus*, symbol P*.
ph.osphuretted*,Ko^-eted,
-oretted.
photo*, photograph (no
point).
photog., photography, -ic.
pbotograpble (Fr. m. and
£), photographer ; -ie (f.),
photograph, -y.
photogravure*, the art of
producing, by the action
of Hght, an incised metal
surface for printing from ;
and the picture so pro-
duced (one word).
photolithography*, the
process of reproducing in
ink any design on pre-
pared stone by means of
photography (one word).
photom., photometry, -ical.
phr., phrase.
phren., phrenology, -ical.
phrensy, use frenzy*.
P.H.S., Pennsylvania His-
torical Society.
phthisis*, consumption ;
pron. thy'sis {th as in
thigh).
pbyljum *, family tree, etc. ;
pi. -a*.
phys., physical, physician,
physics.
physic/*, -ked*, -king*.
physiol., physiology, -ical,
-ist.
physique*, constitution
(not ital.).
physique (Fr. f.), physics
(natural philosophy).
pi (typ.), use pie*.
pi *, Gr. n, (math.) continued
product ; ir, ratio of cir-
cumference to diameter of
circle, or 3 -14 159265,,.
pianissimo* (It. mus.),
very soft ; abbr. pp, orppp.
piano/*, pi. -s, abbr. for
pianoforte (no point).
piano* (It. mus.), softly;
abbr. p.
piastre *, coin, not -er (not
ital.).
piazz/a* (It.), an open
square ; pi. -e (not ital.).
pibroch*, an air on the
bagpipes, not the bagpipes
themselves.
Pica*, the ordinal of the
Latin Church (formerly
printed in pica type).
pica* (typ.), a standard of
measurement, one-sixth
of an inch : ^'4 to pica,"
390
PICA — PINT
or 6, 8, lo, or 12 to pica,
means that 4, 6, 8, 10, or
12 leads or brass rules
equal one line of pica.
pica type*, the larg-
est size ordinarily
used for books,
12 point, 6 lines
to the inch, as
this.
piccalilli*, a pickle.
piccaninny*, negro infant,
not pica-, picka-.
pick* (typ.), when the face
of a letter is choked with
dirt it is called a " pick,"
as the compositor picks it
out with the point of a
needle. It may be marked
in the margin with a X«
pickaxe (one word).
Pickelbaube (Ger. f.), the
modern helmet (cap.).
picket/*, -ed*, -ing*.
pick-me-up*, a stimulant
(hyphens).
pickpocket* (one word).
picnic/*, -king*.
pictures (titles of), when
cited, to be roman double-
quoted.
pidgin-English*, Chinese
jargon, from pidgin
(business), not pigeon
(hyphen, one cap.).
pie* (typ.), type indis-
' criminately mixed, not
pi, pye.
piebald*, not pye-.
plbcej* (Fr. f.), a piece,
play, etc. ; — de con-
viction, document used
as evidence ; — de rS-
sistance*, the principal
dish at a meal ; — d* occa-
sion, a work composed
for a special occasion ; —
justificative, document
used as evidence in
favour.
piecemeal*, one portion
at a time (one word).
pihce montSe {Fr. cook, f.),
a decorative dish.
piedj (Fr. m.), a foot, abbr.
p. ; — -h-terre, an oc-
casional residence, pi.
pieds (hyphens).
** Pierce the Plough-
man's Crede,** anon.
about 1394 (see also
Piers).
Pierrepont, fam. name of
Earl Manvers ; pron.
peer'point.
"Piers Plowman (The
Vision of)," by W.
Langland, first ed. 136a
{see also Pierce).
Pietermaritzburg, S. Afr.
pietrja durja (It.), a stone
mosaic ; pi. -e -e.
pigeon-hol/e*, -ed* (hy-
phen),
pigmy, M5^ pygmy*.
Pigot (Sir George), 1850-.
Pigott (Sir C. R.), 1835- ;
— (Sir Paynton).
pigst/y *,/>/. -ies (one word).
Pike*s Peak, Rocky
Mountains (apos.).
pilau *, Turk, national dish,
pilaw, Indian dish.
Pillsbury (H. N.), 187a-,
chess player,
pilot/*, -ed*, -ing*.
Piloty (K. von), 1826-86,
Ger. painter.
Pilsener,a lightbeer(cap.).
pimento*, allspice, not -a.
pince-nez*, spring eye-
glasses (not ital., hyphen).
Pindar (Peter), 1738-
1819, pen-name of Dr. J.
Wolcot.
pine-apple* (hyphen).
Pinero (A. W.), 1855-,
dramatist ; pron. pin-ai?o.
pin-feather*, small ditto,
not pen- {see also pen-),
pinguin, a bird, use pen-*.
Pinsuti (Giro), 1829-88,
composer,
pint/*, -s, abbr. pt.
291
19
PINTADE — PIiAZA
pintade (Fr. f.),guineafowl.
Pinturicchio, 1454-1513,
It, painter.
pinxit (Lat.), he, or she,
painted it ; abbr. pnxt.
pip/e*, abbr. p. ; -y*, not -ey.
" Pippa Passes/* by
R. Browning, 1841.
piquant/* (Fr.), fern, -e,
sharp.
piqui* (Fr. m.), thick cotton
fabric, quiUing ; (adj.)
slightly sour (of wine) ;
(mus.) short, detached ;
(cook.) larded.
PiraBTiS, harbour of Athens.
Pirie*8 paper, that made
byAlex. Pirie & Sons,Ltd.,
Aberdeen ; prort. pir'fi.
Pirrie (Rt. Hon. W. J.),
1847-, shipbuilder.
pis aller* (Fr. m.), a make-
shift.
pistachio* (hot.), Mo/-acho.
pitance, use pitt-*.
pit-a-pat*, with palpitation,
not pitpat, pity-, pittypat
(h3rphens).
pitchfork* (one word),
pitchstone* (geol.) (one
word).
Pitman (Sir Isaac), 1813-
97, shorthand inventor,
pittance*, an allowance,
not pita-.
Pitti (Palazzo), Florence.
Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
not -burgh.
piu (It.), more.
pius (Lat.), holy ; abbr. p.
Pix, use Pjrx*.
pixy*, «o^-ie. ^
P.J., presiding judge,
Probate Judge,
pk., park, peck, -s.
pkg., package, -s.
P.L., Pharmacopoeia Lond-
inensis (London Phar.),
Poet Laureate,
pi., place, plate, -s, plural.
place aux dames ! (Fr.),
ladies first !
placebo*(R.C.C.),Vespers
for the dead.
placet* (Lat.), permission.
Place Venddme, a square
in Paris.
placket* (dress.), an open-
ing.
plafond*, the ceiling, not
plat-.
plagiarize*, «o/-ise.
plagu/e*, -ily*, -y*.
plain- sailing, use plane
S. (two words).
plain-song* (hyphen).
plaintiff*, abbr. plf.
plaister, use plas-*.
planchet*, a coin-blank.
planchette*, pencil frame
on wheels.
plane sailing* (naut), not
plain- (two words).
Plantagenet (family of).
Plantin (Christophe),
1514-89, printer.
plaster* (sticking-), not
plaist-.
plastron* (Fr. dress, m.),
a bodice front.
plat/e*, -es, abbr. pL ; -y ;
(typ.) an electro, stereo,
or illustration {see also
figures and plates) ;
(photog.) whole* — ,
SVaxeVa in., half-* — ,
672X4'/*, quarter-*—,
4V4X374.
plateau/ *, an elevated
plain ; pi. -X* (not ital.).
plate-glass* (hyphen).
platinize*, to coat with
platinum, not -ise.
platinum*, symbol Pt. ,
Platonic* (cap,).
platyrrhine *, «o/-rhine.
plausible *, not -able.
play or pay, abbr. p.p.
play/-bill*, (hyphen).
playgoer* (one word).
plays (titles of), when
cited, to be roman double-
quoted (see also quota-
tions).
playwright* (one word).
play-wiriter (hyphen).
plazaj* (Sp.), a public
square; pi. -«.
P.L.B. — POETRY
P.Ij.B., Poor Law Board.
P.L.C, Poor Law Com
mission, -er.
pleasur/e*, -able*,
plebeian*, vulgar, common,
plebiscite*, a vote of the
people (no accent, not
ital.) ; in Fr. m. pl6-.
plebiscitlum * ( Lat. ) , a
decree ofthtplehs; pi. -a*.
plebs* (Lat.), the populace.
Pleiad/* (astr.),/>/. -es*.
pleln-air* (Fr. m.), the
open air.
Plen., plenipotentiary,
pleur/a*, but -iay*.
pleuro-pneumonia* (hy-
phen),
plf., plaintiff.
P.L.G., Poor Law Guard-
ian.
pile (Fr. f.), plaice.
Plimsoirs mark (naut.).
Plinlimmon, «<?/ Plyn-.
plls creux (Fr. dress, m.
pi.), box-pleats.
plisse (Fr. m.), gathering,
kilting, or pleating.
plod/*, -der*, -ding*,
plough*, in Amer. plow,
plum/*, -my*,
plumb*, vertical,
plum-pudding (hyphen).
Plunket, family name of
Barons Plunket and Rath-
more.
Plunkett, fam. name of
Earl of Fingall, and of
Barons Dunsany and
Louth ; — (Rt. Hon. Sir
P. R.), 1835-, diplo-
matist ; — (Rt. Hon. Sir
Horace C), 1854-, P-C.
pluperfect, abbr. plup.
plural/, abbr. pi.; -ize,
not -ise.
plus/(Lat.), more; — mark
(typ.),that of addition, + .
plus tot (Fr.), sooner.
Pluto (Rom. myth.), the
god of the under-world.
plutdt (Fr.), rather.
Plutus (Gr. myth.), per-
sonification of riches.
p/uvier (Fr. m.), plover,
pluviometer, not pluvia-.
Plymouth Brethren,
abbr. P.B.
Plynlimmon, use Plin-.
P.M., Pacific Mail, pay-
master, postmaster, post-
mortem.
p.ni.* (Lat.), post meridiem
(afternoon) (not ital.).
pm., premium, premolar.
P.M. & O.A., Printers'
Managers and Overseers
Assoc.
P.M. a., "Pall Mall Ga-
zette," Paymaster-Gen-
eral, Postmaster-General.
P.M.O., Principal Medical
Officer,
p.n., promissory note,
pneum., pneumatic, -s.
pnxt, pinxit (he, or she,
painted it).
P.O., petty officer, postal
order, post office, professot
ordinarius, Province of
Ontario, public office, -er.
pocket - handkerchief
(hyphen).
poco] (It.), a little, abbr. p. ;
— curante, apathetic,
careless.
P.O.D., pay on delivery,
Post Office Department.
Poe (Edgar Allan), 1809-
49, Amer. writer ; pron.po.
po^le (Fr. m.), pall, stove ;
(f.) frying-pan.
poems (titles of), when
cited, to be roman double-
quoted {see also quota-
tions),
poet., poetic, -ical, poetry.
Poet Laureate (caps., two
words) ; abbr. P.L.
poetry (typ.), turn-over
lines to be indented two
ems when even, three ema
when outand in, except in
very narrow measures ;
use grave accented e
when that otherwise mute
syllable is to be separately
pronounced, as raised ;
t
393
POETRY — PONDERE
when verses are num-
bered, no period after the
figure ; poetry quota-
tions, unless they are set
in smaller type, to have
double quotes at beginning
of first verse and end of
last verse only.
poignard, poinard, use
poniard,
poinsettia (botany), not
point-.
point (typ.), all marks of
punctuation, especially
the full stop {see a&o com-
pass, point system,
punctuation).
point-blank (hyphen).
point] tTappui (Fr. m.),
a basis of operations ; —
€Pattaque, basis of
offensive operations.
Point-de-Galle, Ceylon
(hyphens).
polat et virgule (Fr.), the
semicolon.
pointing (typ.), printers'
term for punctuation,
which see.
point system (typ.), one
requiring that the bodies
of all types shall be
multiples, or di\'isions, of
the twelfth of a pica,
which is theoretically the
sixth of an inch (72 points
= I inch).
poireau (Fr. m.), leek.
po/s (Fr.m. s. and pi.), pea.
poisson (Fr. m.), fish.
poivre (Fr. m.), pepper.
Pol., Poland, Polish.
polarize, not -ise.
pole, abbr. p.
Pole Carew, pron. pool
ka'rg.
polecat (one word).
pol. econ., political econo-
my.
Police (Ger. f.), policy of
insurance (cap.) {set also
PoIIzel).
police-constable (hy-
phen) ; abbr. P.O.
poUcblnelle (Fr. m.),
puppet, buffoon.
Polish, abbr. Pol. ; (typ.)
has 24 letters as in Eng.
without q and v. There
are accents on many of
the letters.
polit., political, politics.
pOlitesse (Fr. f.), polite-
ness.
political economy, abbr.
pol. econ.
Polizei (Ger. f.), police
(cap.) {see also Police).
pollock, a fish, not -ack.
PoUock (Sir Frederick),
1845-, Prof, of law ; —
(Walter Herries),
1850-, writer.
PoUok (Robert), 1799-
1827, Sc. poet.
Pollokshaws, near Glas-
gow.
Polwarth, pron. pol'-
worth.
polyanthus/ (bot.), not
-OS ; pi. -es.
polyglot, not -ott.
polyhedr/on, not polye- ;
pi. -a.
** Polyolbion," by Dray-
ton, 1613-22.
polyp (zool.), not -pe.
polyp/us (path.),jft/. -i.
Polytechnic Institu-
tion, London.
Polytechnique (Eoole),
Fr. school.
polyzo/on (zool.), pi. -a.
pomade, preparation for
the hair, not pomm-.
Pomard, a Burgundy
wine.
pomelo, a fruit, the shad-
dock, not pumm-.
pommel/, -led, -ling, not
pum-.
pommes]{FT. f. pl.),apples;
— de terre, potatoes.
Pompeian, of Pompeii.
ponctuation (Fr. f.),
punctuation.
pondere (Lat.), by weight ;
abbr. p.
"94
PONDICHERIIY — POSSESSIVE
Pondicherry, Ind.; in Fr.
Pondich6ry.
poniard, a dagger, not
poign-, poin-.
ponsj (Lat.), a bridge, pi
pontes ; — asinorum,
bridge of asses, Euclid,
1,5.
Pontacq, a white wine.
Pontefract, pron. pomfret.
pontlfjex (Lat.), a bishop,
abbr. P.'; pi. -ices,
pont/ifF, -ifical.
Pont-l'ifivdque, a Fr.
town ; (m.) a cheese.
P.O.O., post office order.
pood (Russ.), 36 lb. Eng.
Pool, Leeds. '
Poole, Dorset.
Poole (W. P.), 1821-94,
of " Poole's Index."
Poona, Bombay, not -ah.
poorhouse (one word).
Poor Law (two words,
caps.) ; poor-rate (hy-
phen, no caps.).
P.O.P. (photog.), printing-
out paper.
pop., popular, population.
Pope (the) (cap.).
pope-Joan, a card game
(cap. J only).
popiilarize, not -ise.
population, abbr. pop.
populus (Lat.), people ;
abbr. P.
pore (Fr. m.), pork.
Porchester Terrace,
London {set also Port-).
-pore, Ind. suffix, see -pur.
Porson (Richard), 1759-
1808, Gr. scholar.
Port., Portugal, -uese.
Port au Prince, Haiti
(two caps., no hyphen).
Portchester, Hants {see
also Porch-).
Porte, the Turkish Govern-
ment ; more fully the
Sublime — (ital.).
portej'Crayon (Fr. m.), a
crayon-holder ; mon-
naie (s. and pi.), a purse
(hyphen).
Port-Glasgow, Renfrew
(hyphen).
portico/, pi. -es ; -ed.
portiire (Fr. f.), door-
curtain, a portress, car-
riage door, or window.
portmanteau/, pi. -x (not
ital.).
Porto Bello, Panama (two
words).
Portobello, near Edin-
burgh (one word).
Portpatrick, Stranraer
(one word).
portray, not pour-.
Portugal, abbr. Port, (see
also Assemblies).
Portuguese, abbr. Port. ;
(typ.) alphabet has 25
letters as in Eng. without
TV. The vowels a, o, may
have a curved mark over,
as Jo^o, p3em. The acute
accent, also f as in Fr.,
is used sometimes.
pos., positive.
P.O.S.B., Post Office
Savings Bank.
pos/e, -ed, -ing.
poseujr (Fr.), /em. -se,
a prig.
poss., possession, -ive.
posse comitatus (Lat.),
the county force.
possessive case (typ.)—
1. The apostrophe for
this should be used
only for nouns ; not for
the pronouns hers, its,
ours, theirs, yours.
2. For nouns in the
singular and plural that
end in any letter but s,
the apostrophe must
precede the 5, as Presi-
dent's house, men's
hats.
3. For nouns in the
singular number that
end in 5, the possessive
must be formed by
adding the '5, as
Burns's poems, St.
James's Street.
895
POSSESSIVE — POUIiETT
possessive case (cont).
4. For nouns in the
plural number that end
in s, the apostrophe
must follow the s, as
in boys' games.
5. When the s would be
silent in speech, it is
generally omitted, as
for conscience' sake.
6. In English names and
surnames add '5.
7. Ancient words ending
in -es usually make the
possessive in -es', as
Ceres' rites, Moses' law.
8. Omit the apos. in such
cases as " Additional
Curates Society,"
where the Society is not
of or for the persons
named.
post, abbr. P.
post (Lat.), after; abbr. p.
postage - stamp (hy-
phen).
postal order, abbr. P.O.
post card/, -s (two words),
abbr. p.c. ; (elec-
tion), wMs/ bear printer's
name and address.
poste restante, P.O. dept.
w^here letters remain till
called for.
posteriori (a), not a —
(not ital).
postgraduate (one word).
post-haste (hyphen).
posthumous, not postu-.
postilion, not -llion.
post litem motam (Lat.),
after litigation began.
postmark (one word).
postmaster (one word) ;
abbr. P.M.
Postmaster - General
(hj'phen, caps.) ; abbr.
P.M.G.
post meridiem (Lat.),
afternoon; abbr. p.m. (not
caps., or s.caps.).
post-mortem (hyphen, not
ital.) ; abbr. P.M.
post-obit, a bond (hyphen).
post oflB.ce/ (two words),
abbr. P.O. ; order,
abbr. P.O.O. ; Post Of-
fice Savings Bank,
abbr. P.O.S.B. ; post
paid, abbr. p.p.
post, see books, paper.
postscript (one word) ;
abbr. P.S., not PS., pi.
P.SS.
post terminum (Lat.),
after the conclusion.
postumous, use posth-.
posy, not -ey.
pot/, -ted, -ting.
pot., potential.
potagej (Fr. m.), soup ; — k
la queue de baeuf, ox-
tail soup; — delevraut,
hare soup; — printanier,
soup with spring veget-
ables.
potato/, pi. -es.
pot-au-feu (Fr. cook, m.),
a meat broth.
poteen, illicit whisky, not
pott-, poth-.
potential, abbr. pot.
pot (paper), use pott {see
also books, paper).
potpourri, a medley (one
word).
potsherd, not -ard,
-are.
pott (paper), not pot (see
also books, paper).
pouce (Fr. m.), an inch,
a thumb ; abbr. p.
pouding (Ft. cook, m.),
pudding.
poudrli (Fr.), fern, -ie,
powdered.
Poughkeepsie, U.S.A.;
pron. pO-kip'si.
poularde (Fr. f.), a fat
pullet.
poulej (Fr. f.), a hen ; — de
neige, white grouse ; —
faisane, hen-pheasant.
pouletj (Fr. m.), a young
chicken ; — de grain,
a corn-fed chicken.
Poulett (Earl, not of);
pron. pawl'et.
396
POULETTE — PRE-ADAMITE
poulette (Fr. f.), a young
hen.
pound/, avoirdupois, 7000
grains ; — troy, 5760
grains ; — mark (typ.),
money £, weight lb. {not
tfe), neither takes s in the
plural.
pourj (Fr.), for, abbr. p. ; —
ainsi dire, so to speak.
pourboire (Fr. m.), a
gratuity.
pourl dire adieu (Fr.),
to say good-bye, abbr.
p.d.a. ; — faire ses
adieuxy ditto, abbr.
p.f.s.a. ; — faIre visite,
to make a call, abbr. p.f.v.
pourparler (Fr. m.), pre-
liminary discussion (one
word, ital.).
pour prendre congS (Fr.),
to take leave; abbr.p.p.c.
pour rendre vislte (Fr.),
to return a call j abbr.
p.r.v.
pour tout dire (Fr.), in a
word.
pourtray, use por-.
pousse-cafS (Fr. m.), a
liqueur (after coffee).
Poussin (Wicholas),
1594-1665, painter.
poussin (Fr. m.), a very
young chicken.
Powell, /(row. pO'el.
Powerscourt,/:>ro«.po'ers-
korL
Powis (Earl of), family
name Herbert ; pron.
pQ'is (see also Powys).
Powlett, />n)«. pawl'et.
powwow, a feast, etc.
(3 w's).
Powys, fam. name Baron
Lilford ; pron. pO'is (see
also Powis).
PP. (Lat.), Palres (fathers).
P.P.*, parish priest,
pp., pages; (typ.) this abbr.
should not end a line.
pp * (It. mus.), pianissimo
(very soft) or piu piano
(softer).
p.p., past participle, play
or pay, (Fr.) publie par
(published by), post paid.
Ppb. (Ger. bind.), Pappband
(boards).
p.p.C, pour prendre conge
(to take leave, to pay
a parting call).
p.p.i., policy suflBcient proof
of interest.
P.Q., previous question.
Province of Quebec.
P.B,., Porto Rico, prize
nng,{Lat.)PopulusRoma.
nus (the Roman people).
Pr., priest, printer.
pr., pair, -s.
P.R.A.*, President of the
Royal Academy (Lon-
don).
praam, a boat, use pram..
Pracbtausgabe (Ger.
typ. f.), edition de luxe ;
abbr. Pr.-A.
practice (noun).
practise (verb).
praemimire, a writ, not
pre-.
praBnomen, use pre-.
praBpositor, use pre-.
praster propter (Lat.),
about, nearly; abbr. pr.
pr.
praBtor, a Roman magis-
trate, not pre-.
Prager (Ger.), inhabitant
of Prague.
Prager (Ger.), a coiner.
pram, a boat, not praam.
pratique, a limited quaran-
tine, not -ic.
Prayer Book (caps., no
hyphen) ; abbr. P.B.
Prayer of Manasses,
abbr. Pr. of Manasses.
P.B.B., Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood, 1850.
P.R.C., Post Romam Con-
ditam (after the building
of Rome ; 753 b.c).
Prchevalsky, use Przh-
valsky.
pre-Adamite (hyphen,
cap. A).
297
PB^AULT — PRENOMEN
Pr6ault (A. A.), 1809-79,
Fr. sculptor.
preb., prebend, -ary.
prec, preceding, precentor.
precentor, choir director ;
abbr. prec.
preceptor, a teacher.
preces (Lat.), prayers.
precession, of the equi-
noxes.
pre-Christian (hyphen,
cap. C).
** Pr6cieuses Kidicules
(Les),** by Molidre, 1659,
precieulx (Fr.), an affected
man ; /em. -se.
precis/, a summary ; —
writing (not ital.).
pre-Columbian (hyphen,
cap. C).
precursor, tiot -er.
predictor, not -er.
predilection, partiality.
pre/ -eminence, -emin-
ent,-emption,-engage,
-establish, -exist (all
hyphened).
pref., preface, preference,
preferred, prefix, -ed.
preface, the introductory
address of the author to
the reader, in which he
explains the purpose and
scope of the book. It is
as well to make this
thoroughly explanatory,
as cases are not infrequent
where this is the only
part of the book read by
a reviewer! (typ.) It is
usually set in type one or
two sizes larger than the
text, or the same type more
widely leaded. The pagi-
nation should be separate
from the text,and in roman
numerals with no full
point, and not in figures.
Abbr. pref. (see also pre-
liminary matter).
prSfecturej {Fr. f.), county-
hall in a French town ;
— • de poUcCf office of
commissioner of police.
prefer/, -able, -ably, etc.
prefer/ence, -red, abbr.
pref.
prefix/, -ed, abbr. pref.
prehens/ible, -ile (one
word).
prehistoric (one word).
Preignac, a white wine.
Prejevalski, use Przh-
valsky.
prejudg/e, -ment, etc.
(one w^ord).
prejudice against ; — in
favour of not to be used.
prelim., preliminary.
preliminary matter
(typ.), the order should
be : — half-title, frontis-
piece, title (on the back
of this, number of editions,
impressions, etc.), dedica-
tion, errata, preface, con-
tents, list of illustrations,
introduction. All except
frontispiece, which faces
title, to come or begin on
right-hand pages, but the
errata may go on the left-
hand page when needful to
save space. Pagination to
be roman numerals with
no full point. The index
to be at the end of the
book, beginning on a
right-hand page, and with
pagination running on
with the book (see also
title page/, -s).
premier (au) (Fr. m.), on
the first floor ; premiere
danseuse, principal fem.
dancer in a ballet ; en
premiere, in a first-class
carriage ; premiere qua-
Iit6, first quality.
premise (logic), a pro-
position, not -iss.
premise (verb), not -ize.
premium, abbr. pm.
premolar, abbr. pm.
premunire, use prae-.
prendre Vbabit (Fr.), to
become a monk or nun.
prenomen, not prae-.
298
PRENTICE — PREVOST
prentice, an apprentice
(no apos.).
pre/occupy, -ordain (one
word).
prep., preparatory, pre-
position.
prepay (one word).
prepositor, a monitor, not
prae-.
Pre-Raphaelite/(hyphen,
caps.) ; — Brotherhood,
abbr. P.R.B.
Pres., president.
pr6 sali (Fr. m.), mutton
from sheep pastured on
a salt marsh, or near the
sea.
Presb., Presbyterian.
presbyopia, old sight.
Presbyterian (cap.); abbr.
Presb.
preses (Sc), president,
or chairman.
president, abbr. Pres.
President of the United
States, etc. (caps.).
Press (the), newspapers,
etc. (cap.).
press (corrector of the),
one who reads and cor-
rects printers' proofs ; a
proof-reader.
Press (freedom of the).
Every person who prints
anything for hire or re-
ward must, under a
penalty of £20, keep one
copy at least of the matter
printed, and write on it
the name and place of
abode of the person who
employed him to print it.
Every person who
prints any paper meant
to be published must
print on the first or last
leaf his name and usual
place of business ; on
failing to do so he forfeits
the sum of ^5, and so
does any person publish-
ing the same.
Papers printed by Par-
liament, or in Govern-
ment offices, engravings,
auction lists, bank-notes,
bills of lading, receipts
for money, and a few
similar forms, are ex-
empt.
Pressens6 (E. D. de),
1824-91, Fr. theol. and
statesman.
press/-niark, that which
shows the place of a book
in a library ; — proof,
the last one examined
before going to press, or
taking electro or stereo ;
— -work (typ,), the
operating, adjustment, or
management of a printing
press ; also the work
done by the press.
pressure(mechanics),abbr.
P.
Prester John, mythical
mediaeval priest.
prestige, renown (not
ital.).
prestige (Fr. m.), enchant-
ment (ital.).
Preston/kirk, -pans,
Haddington (one word).
Prestwich, Lanes.
Prestwick, Ayr.
presum/e, -able, -ably,
-ing.
pret., preterit.
pretence, not -se.
preten^sion, -tious.
preterit, past tense, not
-ite ; abbr. pret.
preternatural, etc. (one
word).
prSter serment (Fr.), to
take the oath.
pretlami affectlonis (Lat.,
Sc. law), a fancy price ;
— perlculi, premium for
insurance.
pretor, use prae-.
Preussen, Ger. n. for
Prussia; pron. proi'sen.
prevail/, -ed, -ing.
preventive, not -tative,
-titive.
Prevost, /TOM. preVo.
299
PK]6VOST — PBIVY
Pr6vost-Paradol (L. A.^
1829-70, Fr. writer.
pr&vdt (Fr. m.), provost.
P.R.I., President of the
Royal Institute (of Paint-
ers in Water-Colours).
price list (two words).
prie-Dieu (Fr. m.), a kneel-
ing-chair (for devotion) ;
pl. same.
priest, abbr. Pr.
prim., primary, primate,
primitive.
prima (typ.), the first word
of the next page, sheet,
or slip to the one being
read ; also mark on copy
where reading is to be re-
sumed after interruption.
primal (It. f.), first; —
6l/iYa, first female singer in
a comic opera ; — donna,
first ditto in opera, pl.
prime donne; prima
facie (Lat.), at first sight
(two words, not ital.) ; di
{or a) prima vista (It.),
at first sight ; prima volta
(It mus.), the first time.
Prim.e Minister (two
words, caps.).
primer (typ.), pron. prim-
er {see also great — ,
long — ).
primeval, not -aeval.
primigenial, not primo-.
Primitive Baptists,abbr.
P.B.
primum cognitum (Lat.),
the first thing known.
primusj (Lat.), first, abbr.
p. ; — inter pares, first
among equals.
Prin., Principal.
prin., principles, princi-
pally.
prince,abbr.P.; Prince/ of
Glory, Life, or Peace,
as Deity (caps.); — of
Wales/ Island,ofi'. Pen-
ang; note, a
paper, 4^3 x 3 in.
pr/nceps( Lat.), the first,/)/.
priocipes; editio — , the
first edition of a work, pl.
editiones principes.
princesse (Fr. dress.), a
long close-fitting gown.
Princeton University,
U.S.A.
Principal, abbr. Prin.
princip/les, -ally, abbr.
prin.
print., printing.
print (in), still on sale ; —
(out of), sale, or new,
copies no longer obtain-
able, abbr. o.p.
printanijer (Fr. cook.),
/em. -dre, with early
spring vegetables.
printer, abbr. pr. ; King's
or Queen's Printer,
may print Bibles (A.V.),
Prayer Books, Statutes,
and Acts of State, to the
exclusion of all other
presses, except (in the
case of Bibles and Prayer
Books) those of the Uni-
versities of Oxford and
Cambridge. Special li-
cence may be given to
print Bibles in Scotland
and Ireland.
printer's error,/)/, print/-
er's, or -ers* errors.
printer's mark, an im-
print.
printing, abbr. ptg., or
print.
Prinzj (Ger. m.), prince
(usually of the blood
royal), pl. -en ; fern.
-essin, pl. -essinnen
(cap.).
prior to, be/ore, or pre-
vious to, preferred.
prise, to force open, MO/-ize.
priv., privative.
Privatdozent (Ger. m.), a
university teacher paid
only by students' fees (one
word, cap.); abbr. P.D.
privative, abbr. priv.
Privy Council/, -lor (two
words, caps.\ abbr.
P.O. J Privy Seal, P.S.
300
PRIX — PROOF
prIx (Fr. m.), prize, price.
prize, to force open,use -ise.
p.r.n., pro re nata (as oc-
casion may require).
pro (Lat.), for ; abbr. p.
proa, Malay vessel, not the
many variations.
pro and con, pro et contra
(forand against) ; pi. pros
and cons (not ital., no
points).
prob., probable, -ly, prob-
' lem.
probatum est (Lat.), it
has been proved.
Probelabzug{Ger.typ.m.),
proof impression ; -6o-
^en, proof-sheet ; -nutn-
tner, specimen number ;
'Seite, specimen page
(caps.).
pro bono publico (Lat),
for the public good.
probosc/is, pi. -es.
Proc, proceedings, proctor.
proems (Fr. m.), lawsuit.
process blocks, illustra-
tions produced by pho-
tography, and chemical or
mechanical etching pro-
cesses.
process-server (hyphen).
prochsj - verbal, official
report, minutes ; pi. —
-verbaux.
proconsul (one word) ;
abbr. P.
Procter (Adelaide
Anne), 1825-64, poetess ;
— (Bryan Waller, not
Walter), 1787-1874, pen-
name "Barry Cornwall,"
poet.
proctor, abbr. Proc.
Proctor (R. A.), 1837-88,
astr. and writer.
Procurator - fiscal, Sc.
law officer (cap. P, hy-
phen).
procureurj (Fr. m.), an
attorney ; — de la rS-
publfque, — du rot, or
— gSnSraU public pro-
secutor.
prodrom/us, a preliminary
treatise ; pi. -i.
producible, not -able.
pro et contra (Lat.), for
and against {see also pro
and con).
Prof., professor.
professoriate, not -orate.
pro forma (Lat.), as a
matter of form, not a
(two words).
Profs., professors.
programme, not -am.
pro bac vice (Lat.), for
this occasion, «o^ — hac — .
projector, not -er.
prolegomen/a, prelimi-
nary remarks ; no sing.,
genit. pi. -on.
proletariat, the poorest
class in a community, not
-te (not itaJ.).
prologize, etc., to deliver
a prologue, not -uize.
prolonge (mil.), a rope.
prom., promontory.
promissory note, abbr.
p.n.
pron., pronominal, pro-
noun, pronounced, pro-
nunciation.
prononcIS (Fr.), /em. -Se,
strongly marked.
pronoun, abbr. pron. ;
when relating to Deity,
as His, cap.
pronounc/e, -eable,
-ement, -ing ; -ed,
abbr. pron.
pronunciamiento (Sp.),
a manifesto.
pronunciation, abbr.
pron.
proof (typ.), a trial im-
pression from composed
type, taken for correction ;
author's — , a clean
proof, or one returned
w^ith his corrections, abbr.
a.p. ; binding — , some
rough edges left on a
trimmed book, to show
that it has not been cut
down excessively; clean
301
PROOF
proof (cont).
— , one having very few
printers' errors ; first — ,
the "clean" proof, as cor-
rected by the compositor,
Virhich the author first re-
ceives ; foundry — , the
final one of plate-printing ;
galley or slip — , a
proof taken before the
matter is made up into
pages : usually about i8
inches long. By having
the first proof in this
form, alterations can be
efiected much more
cheaply when the cor-
rections are likely to
be numerous : it is the
usual custom in America ;
page — , or — in sheets,
those made up into pages ;
slip — (s^-^galley.above) ;
— marks (see proof
correction marks) ; —
paper, that used for
taking proofs ; plate — ,
one taken from a plate ;
press — , the final one
passed by author, editor,
or publisher, for the press ;
— -reader, one who
reads and corrects prin-
ters' proofs; readLLng,
first read through for
literals and misplaced
letters, afterwards for
sense and style (see also
head-lines) ; rough, or
reader's first — , one
taken without special
care.
proof correction
marks : —
cap. change to capital
letters those trebly
underlined.
c^ delete, take out.
ital. change to italic let-
ters those underlined.
1.0. change to lower-case
letters (small, not caps.
or s.caps.) those under-
lined.
proof correction marks
(com/.).
n.p., or % begin a new
paragraph with the word
after the bracket [.
press, print oflf.
Qy., or?, added by reader
to marksomethingabout
which he is uncertain.
revise, submit another
proof.
rom. change to roman
letters those underlined.
ruJi on and a line
drawn from the last
word of the first para-
graph to the first word
of the second, no new
paragraph.
S.caps. change to small
capitals those doubly
underlined.
stet let the cancelled
word dotted underneath
remain.
tr/ transpose as marked.
"W, wrong.
w.f. wrong fount, alter.
X bad letter, substitute
good type.
A the caret mark, insert
matter in margin.
Q indent first word,
:}:(: insert space, or equal-
ize spacing.
L space to be reduced.
6) a type inverted, turn.
Q remove space, close up.
y to be put under all
apos., quotes, and su-
perior letters (as r in
M--.) to be added.
_L a space to be pushed
down.
r move to the left.
"1 move to the right.
II make parallel at the
sides.
see stet, above.
= lines to bestraightened.
/ a stroke as this to be
put after each note in
the margin to show
that it is concluded, to
30a
PROOF — PROVENCALE
proof correction marks
{cont.).
' separate it from others,
and to call attention to it.
ALL corrections to be
made in ink, and atten-
tion called to them in
the margin, as other-
wise they are liable
to be overlooked. All
punctuation marks, as
full stop, etc., to be en-
closed in a circle.
proofs of engravings : —
artist's proof, a first
impression after comple-
tion ; India proof, one
on India paper ; proof
before letters, or third
state, has no engraved
title, but name of artist
and engraver in small en-
graved letters at right
and left corners of plate,
usually loo copies ; proof
print, an early and supe-
rior impression ; remark
proof, one of the first
50-100 copies, denoted by
one or more fanciful de-
signs on the margin, or by
the absence of certain lines
in diiferent parts of the
plate; proof with open
letters, an early proof on
which the title is engraved
in letters that are merely
outlined; second state
proof, has engraved sig-
nature of engraver, next
in value to remark proof,
usually 200 copies printed.
prop., proposition.
pro patria (Lat), for one's
country.
Propatrlapapier (Ger.
typ. n.), foolscap (cap.).
propel/, -led, -ler, -ling.
prophecy (noun).
prophesy (verb).
propitiat/e, -or, not -er.
proposition, abbr. prop.
propria motu (Lat.), of
one's own accord.
proj rata (Lat.), in pro-
portion ; — re nata, as
occasion may require,
abbr. p.r.n.
pros., prosody.
pro salute animas (Lat.),
for the good of the soul.
pros and cons, pi. of pro
and con (not ital., no
points).
prosceni/um, pi. -a.
proselytize, etc., not -ise.
prosit! (Lat.), your good
health ! (used by Ger.
students and others).
prospector, not -er.
prospectus/, pi. -es.
Prot., Protestant.
pro tanto (Lat.), to that
extent.
protector, not -er.
prot6g/e,>w.-6e(notital.).
pro tempore (Lat.), for
the time being; abbr. pro
tern,, orp.t.
Protestant/, abbr. Prot. ;
-ism (cap.).
protester, not -or.
prothonotary, not proto-.
protomartyr, prototype
(one word).
protozo/on, />/. -a(not ital.).
protractor, drawing in-
strument, not -er.
Proudhon (P. J.), 1809-
65, Fr. Socialist.
Prov., Provence, -fal, Pro-
verbs, province. Provost.
prov., proverbially, pro-
vincial, provisional.
Prov. Batt. (mil.). Pro-
visional Battalion.
prov/e, -able, -ing.
proven (not) (Scots law),
a verdict intermediate
between guilty and not
guilty, equalling ac-
quittal ; but no further
trial possible on the same
charge.
provenance (not ital.).
provenfale (k la) (Fr.
cook.), with garlic or
onions (not cap.).
303
PROVENCE — PUEBIiO
Proven/ce, S. Fr. (no
cedilla), -9al; abbr.Prov.
Proverbs, abbr. Prov.
provinc/e, abbr. Prov. ;
-ial, abbr. prov.
Province of Quebec,
abbr. P.Q.
Provisional Battalion,
abbr.P.B.,orProv.Batt.
proviso/, pi. -s (not ital.).
Provost/, abbr. Prov. ; —
-Marshal (caps., hy-
phen).
prox.f see proximo.
proxlmej accessit (Lat),
he, or she, came nearest
(to winning a prize, etc.) ;
abbr. prox. acc,; pi. —
accesserunt.
proximo (Lat.), in, or of,
the next month ; abbr.
prox,, this abbr. not to
be printed.
pr. pr., prseter propter
(about, nearly).
P.R.S.*, President of the
Royal Society (London).
P.R.S.A., President of the
Royal Scottish Academy.
Prschevalsky, use Przh-
valsky.
P.R.S.E., President of the
Royal Society of Edin-
burgh.
prud'Iiomme (Fr. m.),
{formerly) good and true
man ; (now) expert, um-
pire.
prueba (Sp. typ.), proof.
prunella (bot.), not-o.
Pruss., Prussia, -n.
p.r.v., pour rendre visite (to
return a call).
Przhvalsky (Nicholas),
1 839-, Russ. traveller,
not the many varia-
tions.
P.S., permanent secretary,
postscriptum (postscript),
Privy Seal, (theat. ) prompt
side (two points).
Ps., Psalm, -s.
p.s. (mil.). Passed School
(of Instruction).
P.S.A.*, Pleasant Sunday
Afternoons.
Psalm/, -s, abbr. Ps.
Psalmist (the) (cap.).
Psalter (the) (cap.).
p's and q*s (apos., no
points).
p.s.c (rail.), Passed StaflF
College.
P.S.E., Pleasant Saturday
Evenings.
pseudonym, an assumed
name ; abbr. pseud.
pshaw^ ! an exclamation,
not psha, -h.
P.S.N. C, Pacific Steam
Navigation Company.
P.SS., postscripta (post-
scripts).
psych., psychic, -al.
psychol., psychology, -ical.
P.T., post town, pupil
teacher.
Pt. (geog.), Point, Port.
Pt, platinum.
pt., part, payment, pint, -s,
(math.) point.
p.t,, pro tempore (for the
time being).
Ptah (Egypt.), creator.
Pte. (mil.), private.
pterodactyl, not -le.
ptg., printing.
P.T.O., please turn over.
ptomaines, poisons.
pub./, public, -an, publish,
-ed, -er, -ing ; — doc,
public document.
publice (Lat.), publicly.
public-house (hyphen).
Public Schools (the
great), Eton, Harrow,
Rugby, Winchester,
Westminster, Shrews-
bury, Charterhouse, St.
Pauls, Merchant Taylors.
public par (Fr.), published
by ; abbr. p.p.
publish/, -ed, -er, -ing,
abbr. pub.
publishers* binding,
usually that in cloth.
Puebla, Mexico.
Pueblo, Colorado.
304
PUEBLO — PUNCTUATION IV
pueblo (Sp.), a village,
any inhabited place.
puff-adder (hyphen).
puffball, a fungus (one
word).
pugaree, a hat scarf, uoi
the many variations.
pug-dog (hyphen).
pUinjS (Ft.), fern. -Se,
younger, opposed to aine,
senior ; pron. pwe'nd.
puisne (law^), pron. pu'na.
pul/e, to whine ; -ing.
Puleston, pron. pil'stn.
pull (typ.), a proof.
pull a proof (typ.), take an
impression.
PuUein, pron. pull'en.
pulque, Amer. beverage.
pulsimeter, a pulse mea-
surer.
pulsometer, a pumping
engine.
Pulteney, pron. pole'tne.
pulverize, not -ise.
pummel, use po-.
pum.melo, use pomelo.
Pumpernickel (Ger. m.),
rye bread, also nickname.
Punchinello, a puppet.
punctatim (Lat.), point
for point.
punctilio/, pi. -s.
punctuation.
I. The chief diflBculty lies
in the use of the comma,
semicolon, colon, and
period. In general they
correspond, in the order
named, to shorter or
longer pauses as heard in
correct speech ; but no ab-
solute rules can be given.
1. Logic and common
sense must be the su-
preme guides.
2. Punctuate so as to
show the meaning best.
3. Omit every point
that does not make the
meaning clearer.
4. Points are usually
omitted in English legal
documents and papers.
punctuation {cont.).
5. (typ.) Copy to be fol-
lowed when so ordered.
II. apostrophe (*)
1. Is placed to show an
omission, as "e'er" for
''ever", *'it's" for "it
is ","tho'" for "though",
"'49" for "1849." But
it is not used when the
word retains the first and
last letters and its original
sound, as "Dr.", "Mr."
2. The plural of single
letters and figures is
made by adding '5, as
"M.P.'s", "R.A.'s",
"p's and q's"; (typ.)
always set these close up.
3. Isused in Irish names,
such as 0'Neil,0'Connor.
4. It is not used, in
place of the single turned
comma, in such Scotch
names as M'Gregor, etc.
(see also possessive
case, quotations).
•"• b^-. 1 l^'Z
in tabular work to con-
nect two or more
lines ; the explanation
being central and on the
opposite side. The brace
should point towards the
fewer number of lines, as
Biology jiodog;.
IV. brackets, [] (typ.
crotch, or crotchets),
are used to include
1. Comments, correc-
tions, explanations, inter-
polations, notes, or trans-
lations, not in the original,
but added by subsequent
authors, editors, or others,
as "I have heard him
[Lord Palmerston] say"
{see also XX).
2, They may also con-
tain an omitted word, or
the correct spelling of a
misspelt word.
305 20
PUNCTUATION IV — VII
punctuation (cont.).
3. They are largely
used in dictionaries, etc.
4. They should be used
with \sic].
5. In sentences where
[ ] and ( ) both occur, the
main digression usually
takes [ ], the subordinate
( ), thus : " [here the au-
thor contradicts himself
(see page 76)]." Avoid
(()), «5.[()].
V. close, heavy, or stiff,
punctuation is that
characterized especially
by the use of many
commas : common in the
eighteenth century, as : —
" He has also informed
me, that those, who were
the oldest Benchers when
he came to the Temple,
told him, the first mar-
riage settlement of con-
siderable length, was the
invention of an old Ser-
geant." ("Tatler" No.
199, 18 July, 1710.)
VI. colon ( : ) is used
1. When the preceding -
part of a sentence is
complete in sense and
construction, and the
following part is some
remark naturally arising
from it and depending on
it in sense, though not in
construction, as ''Study
to acquire the habit of
thinking : no habit is more
important." "We are
never deceived : we de-
ceive ourselves "(Goethe).
2. In introducing an
argument, example, nar-
rative, quotation, saying,
or speech, as ''Exception
may fairly be taken to
the sentence in which he
says : ' The law ought
to forbiU it, because it is
not permitted by con-
science.' "
punctuation {cont.),
3. It is placed after
such words as, as follows :
for example : namely :
[Shakespeare] says : this
maxim : these words :
thus : to wit : as "On the
last morning of his life
he wrote these words :
' I have named none
to their disadvantage.' "
And also where some of
these words are implied
but not expressed, as
"Three nations adopted
this law: England, France,
and Germany." When
the word following com-
mences a new paragraph,
the colon should be
followed by a dash, as
"namely : — "
4. After words marking
a new stage in an argu-
ment, as again : further :
to proceed : to resume :
to sum up : In these
cases the immediately suc-
ceeding sentence should
begin with a lower-case
letter, as "To sum up:
if you will conform to
these conditions, I will
sign the agreement."
5. On title pages, (A)
between the place of
publication and the name
of the publisher, as
" Oxford : At the Claren-
don Press"; "Cambridge:
At the University Press " ;
(B) between the principal
and the secondary title,
as "The Imperial Dic-
tionary of the English
Language : a complete
encyclopaedic lexicon,
literary, scientific, and
technological."
VII. comma (,)
I. Separates and de-
fines the adjuncts, clauses,
and phrases of a sen-
tence. It is to be used
3Q6
PUNCTUATION VII — IX
punotuation (conf.).
only where it unfolds the
sense. In case of doubt
omit.
2. Insert after each
adjective (except the last)
preceding and qualifying
a substantive, as *^ he was
a cautious, eloquent, in-
trepid, and wise man."
{See also "and** or
♦*, and/* or.)
3. After the compli-
mentary salutation at the
beginning of an address,
letter, or speech, as My
Lord, Dear Sir, Ladies
and Gentlemen,
(In German, the note of
exclamation (!) is mostly
used in these cases.)
4. An expression en-
closed between two com-
mas may usually be re-
garded as parenthetical :
there would be no break
in the continuity, gram-
matical connexion, or
main sense, if the ex-
pression and the two
commas were omitted,
as **The Government of
Britain, called a mixed
government and some-
times a limited monarchy,
is formed by a combina-
tion ", etc. (commas equi-
valent to parentheses).
** Its effect is produced,
not so much by what it
expresses, as by what it
suggests " (commas not
equivalent).
5. It should precede
e.g., i.e., etc., and con-
clude the following clause,
making the whole a paren-
thesis.
6. It separates each
three consecutive figures
from the right when five
or more, except in math,
work, as 10,135,792 (^see
also lao of rupees).
pTinctuation (cont).
7. It should not precede
nor follow the dash.
8. It should not be used
a/ler the number of a
house in a street (as 51
Fleet Street) ; nor after
points following such
abbreviations as e.g. (un-
less the sense requires it).
{See also «*and** or
",and.**)
VIII, comma (single
turned) (*) is used in
the abbreviation of the
Scotch *'Mac": as in
M'Gregor, not the apos-
trophe (see also quota-
tion marks).
crotchets, see IV.
IX. dash (the em) ( — ) is
used
1. W^here the con-
struction of a sentence is
changed or suspended, as
** Heat expands bodies,
cold contracts bodies —
these are physical truths."
'^ And all this long story
w^as about — what do you
think?"
2. It separates the
heading at the commence-
ment of a paragraph,
called a side-heading, from
the subject-matter follow-
ing, as ^^ Extent and
Boundaries. — On the
north, Warwickshire."
3. It separates the rep-
etitions and different
amplifications of the same
statement, as " Cannot
you, in England — cannot
you, at this time of day
— cannot you, a House
of Commons, trust to the
principle which has raised
so mighty a revenue ? "
4. Is sometimes used,
as a kind of intensified
pair of commas or paren-
theses, before and after
a parenthetical clause,
307
20
PUNCTUATION IX — XV
punctuation (cottt.).
as ''The ass of Buridan
— held in suspense be-
tween the equal attrac-
tions of two bundles
of hay — is an immortal
illustration", etc.
5. Is placed after the
period which ends a quo-
tation, and before the name
of its author, as " One
touch of nature makes
the whole world kin." —
Shakespeare.
6. In dictionaries, etc.,
to save space, it may
represent the catchword,
or some other word.
7. Represents faltering,
hesitating speech, and
stammering: as "Well
— I don't know — that
is — no, I cannot accept
it", "y— es", "n— o."
A series of two or
three points is preferred
by some for this purpose.
8. It is not to be preceded
or followed by a comma.
(See also VI, 3.)
X. dash (the two-em)
1. Is used where a
sentence is interrupted,
left unfinished, or ends
quite unexpectedly, as
" We cannot hope to
succeed, unless But
we must succeed."
2. Denotes the omission
of a word or part of a
word which it is unde-
sirable to print in full, as
*'he called him a ,"
*^ Mr. Niemand said
d ."
(See also XII, XV.)
difiBresis, see XV, i.
XI. doubling of points
should be avoided : —
I. When an abbrevia-
tion precedes a colon ; for
instance, in the case of viz.,
i.e., ore.g., omit the colon.
punctuation (cont.).
2. A period may be
placed before an apos-
trophe, as Co.'s (for
Company's), not Go's.
XII. en rule (-) is used to
specify a period by con-
necting the two terminal
dates, as 1900-3, not
1900-03. [Use as few
figures as suflSce.] (See
also IX, XV.)
XIII. extracts, to be punc-
tuated exactly as in the
original (see also quota-
tions).
figures (see VII, 6 ; XXI,
3, 4)-
XIV. foot-notes, refer-
ences to these to be out-
st'de the point and double
apostrophes, if any, as ''he
made a serious error." '
fuU stop (see XXI).
XV. hyphen (-)
1. When one syllable of
a word ends and the next
begins with the same let-
ter, the hyphen should be
placed between them to
show that they are to be
pronounced separately,
as co-operate, pre-emi-
nent, re-establish, re-
echo, shell-less, sword-
dance. Tees-side. With
two vowels the hyphen
is preferable to the diae-
resis.
2. It joins words and
syllables intimately con-
nected and open to mis-
conception without it,
as recover (to regain),
re-cover (to cover again),
recreation and re-crea-
tion, remark and re-mark.
3. It is used when a
prefix is added to a pro-
per name, as anti-Dar-
winian, pre-Adamite, Pre-
Raphaelite.
4. The use of the hyphen
in such phrases as "The
PUNCTUATION XV — XVII
punctuation (cont).
man was well known in
the City", "He was a
well-known man in the
City ", must be decided by
the exact shade of mean-
ing required.
5. Always to be in-
serted if the word be
more easily recognized,
or misinterpretation be
possible without it, as
"a poor-rate collection ",
" a poor rate-collection ",
"a pickled herring-mer-
chant", "a pickled-her-
ring merchant ".
6. Where two or more
compound words have a
common base, this latter
may be represented in
all but the last by a hy-
phen, as "two-, three-, or
fourfold ".
7. Is used to join words
that represent a single
idea, as "a never-
to-be-forgotten event",
" peace-at-any-price prin-
ciples", "a well-to-do
family ".
8. Is used to separate
an unpleasing collocation
of consonants, as Ross-
shire.
9. (typ.) One should not
end last line of page, or
last line but one of para-
graph, if avoidable. Hy-
phens should not occur
at the ends of three con-
secutive lines.
(See also oompass,
division of words, and
IX, X, XII).
XVI. italic (typ.), punctua-
tion marks at end of
italicized words to be in
roman unless evidently
belonging to the italics.
XVII. note of admira-
tion, or exclamation (!)
I. Is put after ex-
clamatory words and
punctuation (cont).
phrases, as "O Jealousy,
thou magnifier of all
things I " interjections ;
words or sentences ex-
pressing absurdity, com-
mand, contempt, strong
emotion, enthusiasm,
irony, a request, sorrow,
surprise, a wish, wonder ;
and any impressive or
striking thought, as "The
Angel of Death is abroad
in the land : you may
almost hear the beating
of his wings ! "
2. It should be placed
at the end of the ex-
clamatory word or phrase,
whether this be at the
beginning, middle, or end
of the sentence, as " O
Dido, Dido, most un-
happy Dido ! Unhappy
wife, still more unhappy
widow ! "
3. It is placed after
sentences which, though
apparently interrogative
in form, are really exclam-
atory, as "How could he
have been so foolish I ",
" Does Britannia rule the
waves!", "Shall we never
end this lamentable state
of things ! "
4. When a sentence
contains more than one
independent exclamation,
it should be placed after
each, as "Look, my
Lord ! it comes ! Angels
and ministers of grace,
defend us ! "
5. It is added to the
names of plants, shrubs,
etc., in botanical works
to show that they are
known from personal
observation.
6. It should follow and
not precede quotation
marks, when it is not
included in the sense of
309
PUNCTUATION XVII — XIX
punctuation {cont).
the quotation, as — What
^vretched ** copy" !
7. It may be placed
after the interjection O,
or Oh, but not after the
vocative O.
8. In mathematics it is
the factorial sign, as n !
9. To indicate greater
intensity, double, and even
treble, notes may be used.
10. [!] in brackets,
suggests amusement, dis-
sent, surprise, or wonder,
at the author's views. It
is sometimes used to de-
note rarity.
11. It should not be
followed by any other
point, except quotation
marks.
12. In Spanish it is
also put (inverted) before
an exclamation, as **i Ah,
que desgracia ! "
XVIII. note of interro-
gation (?)
1. Should follow each
and every separate ques-
tion, however short, if a
separate answer to each
be required, as " What is
civilization ? Where is it ?
In what does it consist ?
By what is it excluded ?
Where does it commence?
Where does it end ? By
what sign is it known ?
How is it defined? In
short.whatdoesitmean?"
2. if the separate ques-
tions need but a single
answer, it is placed at
the end only.
3. The next word should
generally begin with a
capital letter.
4. It is not used where
no answer is required ;
when the question is
indirect ; where the
sentence begins with
*' Query " ; or when it is
310
punctuation {cant.).
only said that a question
was asked, as "The judge
then asked the witness if
he believed the man to
be guilty."
5. With quotation marks
it must beplaced according
to the sense, as "Recall-
ed out 'Why?'", "Why
did he say * I do not
know ' ? "
6. [?] in brackets,
added to a quotation by
editors, expresses doubt
or irony.
7. It should not be fol-
lowed by any other point,
except quotation marks.
8. It may be repeated
for emphasis, as ??
9. In Spanish it is also
put (inverted) before a
question, as"iPorqu6?"
10. In Greek the semi-
colon is put after questions.
XIX. open or easy punc-
tuation, that which
avoids all pointing not
clearly required by the
construction : that now
prevailing in the best
English usage, as
"On the whole, while
Pope's * Essay on Criti-
cism ' may be readily al-
lowed to be superior in
execution, as it certainly
is in compass, to any
work of a similar nature
in English poetry, it can
hardly be said either to
redeem the class of didac-
tic poems on aesthetics
from the neglect into
which they have fallen,
or to make us regret that
the critical ability of our
own day should prefer to
follow the path marked
out by Dryden when he
chose to discourse of
poetry in his own vigor-
ous and flexible prose."
PUNCTUATION XX — XXI
punctuation (cont).
XX.parentheses,() (typ.),
enclose
1. An authority, def-
inition, explanation (as
in the drama), reference,
or translation.
2. In the report of a
speech such interruptions
by the audience as ap-
plause, exclamations,
laughter, remarks, etc.
3. Interpolations and
remarks made by the
writer of the text himself
(see also brackets IV).
4. Reference letters or
figures that divide and
classify statements or
arguments, as (i), (a).
5. In bibliographic ref-
erences, place of publica-
tion and name of publisher.
6. In foot-notes, the
authority for a quotation.
7. No stop is needed
before or after a mere
statement in parentheses
which might be omitted
without alteringthe mean-
ing of the sentence.
8. When only part of
a sentence is within the
parentheses, the point to
be outside, as (). ; but
when the full sentence is
parenthetical it should be
inside ( .).
9. When the matter in
parentheses ends with an
abbreviation, put a point
after the abbreviated
word, and also outside
the closing parenthesis,
as (1331 B.C.).
10. Where [] and ()
both occur see IV, 5.
XXI. period, full point,
or full stop ( . ) is used
I. At the end of a
complete sentence which
does not close with a note
of exclamation or of inter-
rogation.
punctuation (cont.).
2. After abbreviations
of English or foreign
words or phrases, initials,
numbering of paragraphs
when not in parentheses,
reman numerals (except
when these refer to page
numbers, are capitals, or
another stop follows), and
abbreviated signatures.
3. Between figures of
pounds, shillings, and
pence, as ;^ii. 12s. 6d. :
otherwise errors may
arise if close-spaced, as
;i^iii2s. 6d. It would be
much better in every way
to follow the former Eng.
custom and to place
the £ after the figures, as
they are read, and as they
are written in other lan-
guages, or with other
measurements, as 5 fr.
50 c, I ton 2 cwt.,
11;^ r2s 6d, when no
mistakes could arise, and
no points would be needed
(see also lac).
4. Between figures re-
presenting hours and min-
utes; before the dash in
side-headings (see IX, 2) ;
and turned before deci-
mal figures.
5. If meaning equally
clear it may be omitted
from all half-titles, head-
lines, running titles, sub-
headings, title pages (but
see VI, 5).
6. Three periods (not
asterisks) separated by em
quads (en in narrow mea-
sures) are suflScient to
mark omissions in all
cases. When the pre-
ceding sentence has been
brought to a close, four
should be used; the first
to be close up.
(See also abbrevia-
tions, quotations.)
3it
PUNCTUATION XXII — PYX
punctuation {cont).
XXII. semicolon ( ; )
1. Separates those parts
of a sentence between
which there is a more
distinct break than after
a comma, but which are
too intimately connected
to be made separate
sentences, as " Divide
and command, a wise
maxim ; unite and guide,
a better." — Goethe {see
also VI, i).
2. In Greek the semi-
colon is equivalent to the
English note of interroga-
tion (?).
punctus (Lat.), a point ; //.
same,
pundit/* (Ang.-Ind.), a
learned Brahmin, not
pan- ; /em. -a.
Punjab, India, not -aub,
Panjab, Penjab.
Punjabi, Punjab inhabit-
ant, or dialect, not -bee.
punkah (Ang.-Ind.), a
large fan, not -a.
Punkt ;,Ger. typ. m.), point,
dot, a full stop (cap.) ;
punktIeren,to point.dot,
or punctuate; Pttnkiie-
rung (f.), punctuation.
punteggiatura (It.), punc-
tuation.
panto e virgola (It.), semi-
colon.
pup/a (entom.), pi. -89.
pupilage.
-pur (Ind.), a city, as Nag-
pur, not -pore, -poor,
-poore.
Purcell (Henry), 1658-
95, composer.
Purchas (Samuel), 1577-
1626, writer.
purchasable, not -cable.
purie] {Fr. f.), a thick soup ;
— de pots, pea soup.
pur et simple (Fr.), un-
qualified.
purgatory (not cap.").
Puritan/, -ism (cap.).
31S
Purkinje (J. E.), 1787-
1869, physiologist, not -je.
Purleigh, Essex.
Purley, Berks, Surrey,
purlieu/, the surroundings
of a place ; pi. -s.
purpose/, -ful, -less, -ly.
pujTP, as a cat, not pur.
purslane (bot.), not -lain.
P.U.S., Pharmacopoeia of
the United States.
Puseyite.
Pushto, Afghan language,
not -00, -u, pukhtu.
put down (typ.), to alter
from caps, to lower-case.
Putnam's (G. P.) Sons,
publishers. New York and
London (apos.).
putrefy, not -ify.
putrescible, liable to pu-
trefy.
putt (golf), to play with a
putter, not put.
put up (typ.), to alter from
lower-case to caps.
Puy-de-Ddme, dep. Fr.
(hyphens, two caps.).
p.V., post village, priest
vicar.
P.V.O., Principal Veterin-
ary Officer.
p.v.t (Fr.), par vote tele-
graphique (by telegraph).
P. W.D., Public Works De-
partment,
pwi;., pennyweight, use
dwt.
P.X., please exchange.
pyaemia, etc., not pye-,
Py© (typ.)> «5<?pie.
pyebald, use pie-,
pygmy, a dwarf, not pi-.
pyjamas, not the many
variations.
pyramid, a billiard game,
not -ids.
Pyr6n6es/ (Basses-) ;
Hautes ; — Orien-
tales, deps. France.
P3rrotech.,pyrotechnics,-al,
P^tchley Hunt (the);
proH. plch'16.
Pyx (trial of the), notVin,
P NOTES
313
P NOTES
3»4
Q. — QU AIM'S
Q
Q., quart, queen, question,
the sixteenth in a series,
all proper names with this
initial.
Q (chess), queen (no point).
q., query, .quintal, quire,
' -s, (naut.) squalls.
q. (Lat.), quxre (inquire).
Q.A.B., Queen Anne's
Bounty.
Qaisar-i-Hind (Ang.-
Ind.)(the Caesar of India),
Indian title of English
monarch.
Q.B.*, Queen's Bench.
Q.C., Queen's, or Queens',
College, — Counsel.
q.d.*, quasi dicat (as if one
should say), quasi dictum
(as if said).
g.e.*, quod est (which is) ;
Q.E.D.*, quod erat de-
monstrandum (which was
to be demonstrated) ;
Q.E.F.*, faciendum
(ditto done) ; Q.E.I.*, —
— inveniendum, (ditto
found out).
Q.H.P., Queen's Honorary
Physician.
q. I. *, quantum libet (as much
as you please).
Q.M.*,Quartermaster;qm.,
^Momofl^o (by what means) ;
Q.Mess., Queen's Mes-
senger ; Q.M.G.*, Quar-
termaster - General ;
Q.M.S., Quartermaster-
Serjeant.
q.pl.*, quantum placet (as
much as seems good).
qq. v., quss vide (which see :
refers to plural).
qr., quarter, -s (28 lb.),
quire, -s.
Q.S., quarter-sessions.
gf.s.*, quantum sufficit (a suf-
ficient quantity).
qt.*, quantity, quart, -s.
qu., question.
qua (Lat.), in the character
of, not -a, -a.
Quaade, a chess opening.
quad * (colloq.), quad-
rangle ; (typ.) a quadrat,
to insert quadrats ;
quadded, quadding ;
abbr. of quadruple, a
printing paper four times
the size of the name fol-
lowing, as quad crown
40 X30 in. (no point).
quad., quadrant.
Quadragesinia*,firstSun-
day in Lent.
quadrat* (typ.), a piece of
metal lower than type,
used for spacing; usual
sizes en, em, 2, 3, and
4 ems ; abbr. quad (no
point).
quadrenn/ium*, a period
of four years ; -ial*, not
quadrie-.
quadruple (paper), abbr.
quad (no point) which
see.
quaere* (Lat.), inquire ;
abbr. q,
quasritur (Lat.), it is asked.
quaesitlum* (Lat.), some-
thing sought ; pi. -a*.
quasstlol vexatja (Lat.),
an unsolved problem, pi.
-nes -«.
qusBStor *, Rom. antiq.
{see a/50 que-).
quae vide {Lat.), which see :
refers to pi. ; abbr. qq. v.
qua! (Fr. m.), quay, rail-
way platform.
quaich*, Scots drinking
vessel, not -gh.
Quai d*Orsay, Paris, the
Fr. " Downing Street."
Quains, Norw. for Finns.
315
QUALE — QUEEN'S
quale* (Lat.), the quality
of a thing.
quamlprlmam(L&t.),with'
out delay; — proxime,
as nearly as possible.
quand meme (Fr.), not-
withstanding.
quantiti nSgllgeable
(Fr. f.), insignificant item.
quantity, abbr. qt.*
quantlum* (Lat.), a con-
crete quantity, pi. -a*;
quanta ml llbeU as much
as you please, abbr. q.l.*;
— meni/^, as much as he,
or she, deserved ; — p/a-
cet, as much as seems
good, abbr. q.pL * ; — suf-
flcit*, as much as suflBces,
abbr. q.s,, or quant
SUff. * ; — valeat, what-
ever it may be worth ; —
valebat, as much as it was
worth ; — vis, as much
as you will, abbr. q.v.*
Qu*AppeUe (Bp. of).
quarl*, a large brick, not
-le.
quarrel/ ♦, -led *, -ler *
(«o/-lor),-ling*, -some*.
quart/, -s, abbr. Q., or qt.*
quart/, -e (fencing), use
carte*.
quart., quarterly.
Quart (Ger. n.), quarto
(cap.).
quarter/, -s, abbr. qr.*
quarter-binding*, the
back only of leather.
quarter/ -day *, deck*
(hyphens).
Quartermaster/ * (one
word), abbr. Q.M.* ; —
-General*, abbr.
Q.M.G.* ; Seijeant,
abbr. Q.M.S. (hyphen,
caps.).
quarter-plate* (photog.),
4'/4 X 3V4 in.
quarter - sessions* (not
caps., hyphen); abbr.Q.S.
quartet*, not -ette, -etto.
quartierj (Fr. cook, m.),
quarter ; — d'agneau, —
of Iamb ; (mil.) quarHer-
gin&ral, head-quarters.
quarto/*, a size of book in
which the leaf is one-
fourth of a given size of
paper ; pi. -s, abbr. 4to
(no point) (for sizes see
books, paper).
quas (Russ.), rye beer,
use kvass*.
quasi*, in a certain sense
(not ital.) ; abbr. <jr,*
quasi] dicat (Lat.), as if
one should say, abbr.
q.d,* ; — dictum, as if
said, abbr. q.d,*; — dix-
isset, as if he had said.
Quasimodo, first Sunday
after Easter (one word,
cap.).
quass (Russ.), rye beer,
use Icvass*.
quater- cousin, use ca-
ter-*.
Quatre-Bras (battle of),
1815.
quatrefoil*, an ornament,
not quater-, quarter-.
Quattrocento *, the early
Renaissance period of art,
from 140 1 -1500.
quay *, not key.
Que., Quebec.
queen, abbr. Q. ; (chess, no
point).
Queen Anne's Bounty*
(apos.) ; abbr. Q.A.B.
Queenborough, Sheer-
ness {see also Queens-).
queen note, a writing
paper 5^8 X3V2 in-
Queensberry (Marquess
of).
Queensborough, Drog-
heda {see also Queenb-).
Queensbury, Bradford.
Queen's College, Oxford,
London, Belfast, Cork,
Galway (named after one
queen).
Queens* College, Camb.
(named after two queens).
Queen's Counsel, abbr.
Q.C.*
316
QUEEN'S — QUI
Queen's County, Ireland.
Queen's Ferry, Flint.
Queensferry, Fife, Lin-
lithgow.
Queensl., Queensland.
Que faire? (Fr.), What is
to be done ?
Quelle affaire! (Fr. f.),
What a to-do !
quelque chose (Fr. m.),
something, a trifle.
Quel temps] faU'U? (Fr.),
What is the weather like?
ilfait! What wea-
ther this is !
quenelle* (Fr. cook, f.),
a force-meat ball.
" Quen tin Durward ", by
Sir W. Scott, 1823.
query*, abbr. q., qy.*, or ?
Quesnay (Fran9ois),
1 694- 1 7 74, Fr. econ.
question, abbr. Q., or qu.
questor*, R.C.C., or Fr.
Assembly {see also qu8B-).
Quetelet (L. A. J.), 1796-
1874, Belgian math.
Quetta, Baluchistan.
queue*, persons in line,
not cue.
queue! * (Fr. f.), tail ; — de
boeuf, ox-tail ; faire — ,
to stand in a row.
Q.U.I., Queen's University
of Ireland.
quick/lime*, -sand*,
-s-^t*, -silver* (one
word).
quid* (Lat.), that which a
thing is.
quidatn *, an unknown per-
son, pi. same ; quid faci-
endum? what is to be
done? quidnunc*, a
gossip ; quid pro quo*,
something in return, an
equivalent.
^QuiSnsabe? (Sp.),Who
knows? (turned interrog.
before, unturned after.)
quiet/*, -ed*, -ing*, not
-ening.
quietus *, a settlement (not
ital.).
Quiller-Couch(SirA.T.),
1863-, writer (hyphen).
Qu*importe ? (Fr.), What
does it matter? Que
m*importe? What is
that to me ?
quincentenary*, five-
hundredth anniversary
(one word).
quincunx/ *, five arranged
as on dice ; pi. -es.
Quinet (Edgar), 1803-75,
Fr. writer.
quinine*, not -in, pron.
kwin''gn.
Quinquagesima*, the
Sunday before Lent.
quinquenni/um*, a five-
j'ear period ; pi. -a*.
quinsy*, tonsillitis, not -cy,
-sey, -zy.
quintjal* (Fr.m.), too kilos,
220^/a lb., 1*968 cwt., not
kentle, kintal ; pi. -aux,
abbr. q.
quintet* (mus.), not -ette.
gi//p/iogi/o;;Fr.m.),mistake.
gi/ipil* (Peru), the language
of knotted cords, not -po,
-ppo, -ppu.
quire*, part of a church,
or church singers, use
choir* ; — (typ.), the
twentieth part of a ream :
24 sheets and one ''out-
side" making 25 ; abbr.
s. and pi. q. A set of
all the sheets required to
make one complete book ;
quired paper, reams
folded in quires, not flat ;
quires (typ.), books in
sheets are said to be "in
quires."
Qui s*excuse s*accuse
(Fr.), to excuse oneself
is to accuse oneself. .
quisque (Lat.), every one.
quit/*, -ted, -ter* {not
-tor), -ting*.
Qui va Ik? (Fr.), Who
goes there ?
qui vive* (on the), on
the alert (not ital.).
317
QUIXOTIC — QY.
quixotic* (not cap.).
quiz/*, -zed, -zer*,
-zing*.
quoad I *{Lat.), as far as ; —
hoc*, to this extent; —
sacra*, as far as sacred
matters ; — ultra, as re-
gards the past.
quod erai detnoastran-
dum, etc., see Q.E.D.
quod est (Lat.), which is ;
abbr. q.e.
quodlibet*{mus.),!imed\ey.
quod vide (Lat.), which
see (sing.) ; abbr. q.v.
quoique (Fr.), although.
quoi que (Fr.), whatever.
quoits*, a game, not coits.
quomodo* (Lat.), by what
means ; abbr. qin.
quondam*, formerly (not
ital.).
quorum/*,/*/, -b (not ital.).
quota/ *, a share ; pi. -s.
quotation marks (typ.),
in English, two turned
commas at the beginning
and two apostrophes at
the end ; abbr. quotes.
The apostrophes at the
end of the quotation
should come before all
punctuation marks, when
these form no part of the
quotation itself. Quotes
are to be used when citing
Titles of Articles in
magazines, Books, Chap-
ters of books. Essays,
Magazines, Newspapers,
Oratorios, Periodicals,
Pictures, Plays, Poems,
Reviews, Sculptures,
Songs, and Ships ; and for
theiVaw^s of Hotels, Inns,
and Taverns, where these
words are not in the
title.
They are not to be
used for the titles of the
books of the Bible ; where
the substance only of an
extract is given; or where
the tense or person has
been altered (see also
authorities, punctua-
tion, XIV).
quotations, all extracts in
the exact words of the
original, if set in the text
type, to have double
turned commas at the
commencement, and at the
beginning of each para-
graph {not each line) ;
and double apostrophes
at the end of the quota-
tion only. The first turned
commas usually to be pre-
ceded by a colon.
If the extract be set
in two sizes less than the
text type (it should not
be smaller), quotation
marks are not required,
except in conversational
matter. A full blank line
both before and after adds
importance and em-
phasis.
Punctuation of the ex-
tract to be exactly as in
the original. The con-
cluding point to be out-
side the last quotation
mark if not in the original
{see also ellipsis).
quotations within quo-
tations to have single
quotation marks only with-
in the double. " The more
conspicuous mark to the
more inclusive quotation"
(Henry Bradley). Quota-
tions within the single
quotation, to be double-
quoted.
quote (typ.), to enclose
within quotation marks.
quotes (typ.), quotation
marks.
quousque{Lat.), how long ?
Quran, use Koran*.
q.v., quantum vis (as much
as you will), quod vide
(which see : refers to
sing.).
qy.*, query.
318
Q NOTES
3*9
Q NOTES
320
B. — BAFBAf CHISBEMSKTS
B
R., Rabbi, Radical, radius
(of a circle), railway,
recto, rector, republican,
river, rouble, Royal, all
proper names with this
initial, the seventeenth in
a series, (Lat.) regtna
(queen), respublica (com-
monwealth), rex (king),
(naut.) run (deserted),
(theat.) right (from actors
point of view),(thermom.)
Reaumur, (typ.) runic.
E. (chess), rook (no point).
r., rare, residence, resides,
rises, rod, (naut.) rain.
r (math.), radius vector of
co-ordinates.
3^ (magnet.), reluctance.
p (Gr.) (math.), radius of cur-
vature.
■R", rupee (no point).
Bi, recipe (take).
]^ *, response (to a versicle).
E,° (math.), radius of a circle
in degrees of arc ; B.', ditto
in minutes of arc ; E,",
ditto in seconds of arc.
R.A., Rear-Admiral, Ref-
erees' Association, Royal
Academy, — -ician, —
Artillery, (astr.) right as-
cension.
B.A.A., Royal Academy
of Arts.
rabat (Fr. dress, m.),
"bands" of a priest, etc.
B.abb., rabbinical.
rabbet/*, joint in wood-
work ; -ed*, -ing* {see
also rabbit, rebate).
Rabbi/*, Jewish title of
respect ; pi. -s *, abbr. R.
(cap.).
rabbit/*, a rodent ; -er*,
-ing * ; warren (hy-
phen) {see also rabbet,
rebate).
rabdomanoy, use rhab-*.
Rabelais (Pran9ois),
1483-1553, Fr. writer.
rabscallion, use rap-*.
R.A.C., Royal Agricultural
College.
raccoon, use racoon*.
Tacje*, -y*.
race/- course*, — horse*
(hyphens).
rach/is* (bot., zool.), pL
-ides *, not rh-.
rack, a seaweed, use WT- *.
racket/*, «o/ racquet ; -y *.
raconteur* (not ital.).
racoon*, mo/ race-.
racquet, use racket*.
rad., radix (root).
Radcliffe (Ann), 1764-
1823, writer ; — (John),
1650-17 14, physician ; —
College, Mass., U.S.A. ;
— Camera, Injarmary,
Library, and Observ-
atory, Oxford ; — Cooke
(C.W.), M.P., writer
{see also Rat-).
radian/*, unit of angular
measurement; pi. -s.
radiator*, not -er.
Radical, abbr. R.
radical* (chem.), not -cle.
radicle * (botany).
radiography *, rontgen-
ray photography.
rad/ius*, abbr.R., pi. -ii*.
rad/ius vect/or, pi. -ii,
-ores.
rad/ix*, a root,/*/, -ices*;
abbr, rad.
Rae( John), 1813-93, Arctic
traveller;— ("W.Fraser),
1835-1905, writer ; pron.
ray {see also Ray, Reay).
Raebum (Sir Henry),
1756-1823, painter.
Rafleisen Credit Banks.
rafraicblssements (Fr.
m. pi.), cooling drinks,
fruit, etc.
3ax
21
BAG — B.A.O.B.
rag/*, -ged* -ging*.
E.A.a.C., Royal and An-
tient Golf Club, St.
Andrews,
ragout *, a rich meat stew;
in Fr. m. 'tit.
Bai Bareli, Oudh, not
Ray Bareilly.
raie (Fr. f.), skate (fish).
raifort (Fr. m.), horse-
radish.
Baikes (Bobert), 1735-
i8i I, originator of Sunday
schools,
rail/road*, -way* (one
word) ; abbr. B.
rain/*, abbr. r. ; -bow*
(one word).
Baineliffe (Viscount),
rain/drop*, -fall* (one
word); -water* (hy-
phen).
raison] de plus (Fr.),
all ^the more reason ; —
d*Etatf a reason of State ;
— <Petre*, a cause of
existence.
raisoanjS* (Tr.),fem. -ie,
reasoned out ; cata"
logtte — *, explanatory
catalogue (ital.).
Bajah.*, Indian title, more
corr*rf/y Baja*.
Bajon (P. A.), 1842-88,
etcher.
Bajpoot/*, -ana, not -put.
Bajshahi, Bengal, not
Rajeshaye.
r^e/*, lung sound ; pi. -s.
Balegh (Sir Walter),
1552-1618 ; -eigh tisual
buterron. (D.N.B.).
Baleigh (Cecil), dram-
atist ;~ (Prof. Walter),
writer ; pron. raw'lie, or
ral'6 {see also Bayleigh).
Balfs (John), 1807-90,
botanist.
Balphy usual pron. raf; in
Amer. ralf.
B.A.M., Royal Academy
of Music (London).
ram/*, -med*, -ming*.
Bamadan* (Fast of),
also ninth Mohammedan
month, not -dhan, -zan.
Bambouillet, dep. Seine-
et-Oise.
B.A.M.C., Royal Army
Medical Corps.
ramcbuddar, Ind. shawl.
rame (Fr. typ. f.), ream,
ramekin*, a cheese-cake,
not -quin.
ramier (Fr. m.), wood-
pigeon.
Bamillies (battle of),
1706.
Bampur, Central India.
Bamsay (Allan), 1686-
1758, Scots poet ; ditto,
1713-84, painter; —
(E. B., Dean), 1793-
1872 ; — (Sir William),
1852-, chemist.
Bamsey,Hunts,andI.O.M.
ram/us * (Lat.), a branch ;
pi. -i*.
ranch* (U.S.A.), a farm,
not -che.
rancberjo* (Sp.), /em. -a,
a small farmer,
ran/cour, but -corous.
Randj (Ger. typ. m.), the
margin ; — bemerkung
(f.), marginal note (cap.).
Bandolph-Macon Col-
lege, Virginia.
Randvermerk (Ger. m.),
marginal note, also Mar'
ginalie.
ranee*, Indian queen, not
-i, -y, -ny, rannee.
Bangoon, not -un.
Banjit Singh, 1780-1839,
founder of Sikh kingdom.
Banjitsinhji (Kumar
Shri), 187a-, cricketer.
Banke (L. von), 1795-
1886, Ger. historian,
ranks, see compound
ranks,
rann/ee, -y, use ranee*,
ranunculus/*, pi. -es*.
raaZ'deS'Vacbes*, Swiss
melody.
B.A.O.B., Royal Ante-
diluvian Orderof Buffaloes.
RAP — RE-
rap/*, -ped*, -ping*.
Raphael/*, 1483- 1520,
painter ; in Italian
RafTaello*; -esque*.
raph/ides* (bot., zool.),
sing. -is*.
Rappahannock, river,
Virginia.
rappee*, a coarse snufif.
rapport (en)* (Fr. m.), in
harmony, in keeping
(with).
' rapprochement* (Fr. m.),
a coming together,
rapscallion*, not rab-.
rarla avjis (Lat.), a
prodigy ; pi. -as -es,
rare, abbr. r.
rarefaction*, not -efica-
tion.
rarefy*, not rari-.
Rarey (John S.), 1828-
66, horse-tamer.
rarifaction, use rare- *.
rarity, use rare-*,
rarity*, not -ety.
R.A.S., Royal Agricultural,
Asiatic, or Astronomical
Society.
Rasalas (astr.), star in
Leonis.
rase, to destroy, «5^raze*.
RasoiunowskyQuartets
(the), by Beethoven.
"RasselaV* by S. John-
son, 1759.
rat/*, -ting*.
rata (Lat. ) , individual share ;
pro — , in proportion,
rat/able, use -eable *.
ratafia*, a cordial, cake,
or cherry, not -ifia, -ifie,
ratan, use rattan*,
ratany (bot.), use rh.'*.
Ratcliff Highway, not
-e, now St. George Street
{see also Rad-).
rateable*, «o/ ratable.
rate-payer* (hyphen).
Ratbaus (Ger. n.), town-
hall (cap., one h),
ratio *, pi. -s.
rationale*, a theoretical
explanation (not ital.).
rationalize*, wo/-ise.
ratline* (naut.), the lad-
der-rope on the shrouds,
not -in, -ing.
rattan*, a cane, not ratan.
ratten*, to molest.
rattlesnake * (one word).
Raumer (F. L. G. von),
1781-1873, Ger. historian ;
— (R. von), 1815-76,
philologist {see also
Reaumur).
ravel/*, -led*, -ling*.
Rawal Pindi, Punjab,
not Rawul — .
Ray (John), 1627-1705,
naturalist, spelt Wray till
1670(5^^ a/50 Rae,Reay).
Rayleigh (Baron), 1842-,
physicist ; pron. ray'16
{see also Raleigh).
I *, to destroy, not rase.
rubidium ; R.B.A.,
Royal (Society of) British
Artists.
R.C.*, Roman Catholic;
r.-C. , right centre;
R.C.C., Roman Catholic
Church ; R.C.M., Royal
College of Music (Lon-
don) ; R.C.Q., ditto Or-
ganists ; R.C.P., ditto
Physicians, ditto Precep-
tors ; R.C.S., ditto Sur-
geons ; R.C.V.S., ditto
Veterinary Surgeons.
R.D., Royal Dragoons,
Rural Dean ; Rd., road ;
R.D.S., Royal Dublin
Society.
R.D.Y., Royal Dockyard.
Re (//) (It.), the King (no
accent).
R.!B., Reformed Episcopal,
Right Excellent, Royal
Engineers, — Exchange,
— Society of Painter-
Etchers and Engravers ;
re (Lat.), with regard to.
re- (the prefix), when fol-
lowed by e and separately
sounded to have hyphen,
as re-echo.
333 21 •
EEACT — KECIiUS
react*, etc. (one word).
Bead (Sir W. V.), 1839-
{see also Keade, Rede,
Heed, Reid).
readdre8S* (one word).
Reade(Charles), 1814-84,
writer ; — (Rev. Comp-
ton), 1834-, writer ; —
(Sir G. C), 1845- {see
also Read, Rede, Reed,
Reid).
reader* (typ.), a corrector
of the press, a copy-
holder, also one who
reports on MSS. to a pub-
lisher (Lc). Auniversity
teacher or lecturer (cap.).
readers* marks, see proof
correction marks.
reading for press (typ.),
the final reading before
printing.
reading-room (hyphen).
readjoum*, readjust*,
readmission*, read-
mit/*, -ted*, -ting*
(one word).
ready-made* (hyphen).
reafPorest*, reagent*
(one word).
reaU Port, coin ; pi. rels.
real] *, Sp. coin ; pi. -es.
realiz/e*, -able*, «o/ -ise.
ream of paper, 20 quires,
or 480 sheets ; abbr. rm. ;
** perfect ** ream of
printing paper, 5 16 sheets;
ream of envelope
paper, 504 sheets ; **in-
sides,** whether good or
retree, 480 sheets ;
•* mill ** ream, 480
sheets, 18 " good " quires,
and 2 quires "outsides" ;
** news ** ream, 500
sheets ; printers*
ream*, 516 sheets.
reanimate*, reappear*,
reappoint* (one word).
Rear- Admiral*, abbr.
R.A. (hyphen, caps.).
rear-guard* (hyphen).
rearm* (one word).
rearmouse*, «o/rere-, reer-.
re-arrange* (hyphen;.
rearward*, «o/rere-.
reassemble*, reassert/*,
-ed, -ing * (one word).
reassure* (one word).
Reaumur (R. A. F. de),
1683-1757, inventor of
thermom. scale ; the scale
itself, abbr.R.,orR6aum.
(see also Raumer).
reaver *, a robber, noi rei-.
reawake*, etc. (one word).
Reay (Baron) ; —
(Samuel), 1828-, com-
poser ; pron. ray {see also
Rae, Ray).
rebaptize*, noi -ise (one
word).
rebate*, to reduce, a re-
duction, also a hard free-
stone {see also rabbet).
rebel/*, -led*, -ling*.
rebound*, to bound back
(one word).
re-bound (bookbinding)
(hyphen).
rebus/ *, a puzzle ; pi. -es.
rebut/*, -ted, -ting*.
rec, receipt, recipe, re-
cord, -ed, -er.
recall*, in Scots law recal.
Recamier (Madame),
1777-1849, leader of Fr,
Society.
recast* (one word).
reed., received.
receipt, abbr. rec.
receivable*, not -cable.
r^chaufPS*, re- warmed
meat (not ital.).
recbercbe{Fr. f.), research.
recherch/6* (adj.), /em.
-6e, choice (not ital,).
recidivist*, one who habi-
tually relapses into crime.
recipe/*,/*/, -s, abbr. rec. ;
— mark (typ.), ^.
rSclame* (Fr. f.),' notoriety
by advertisement; (journ.)
editorial announcement ;
(typ.) catchword, prima.
Reclus (J. J. £.), 1830-
1905, Fr. geographer, not
Re-
334
KECOAIi — REP.
reooal* (one word).
recognize*, Ko/-ise.
recommit/*, -ted, -ting.
recompense* (n. and v.),
not -ce.
recompose* (one word).
reconcilable*, not -cable.
reconciler*, not -or.
reconnaissance *, not
reconnoi- (not ital.).
reconnoitre*, not -er.
reconsider* (one word).
recoup*, to recompense.
re-cover*, to cover again
(hyphen).
re-creat/e *, to create again;
-or, not -er (hyphen).
rect., rectified.
rectif/y*, -ied*, -ier*,
-ying*.
recto* (typ.), the right-
hand page of an open
book, usually having the
odd page numbers ; re-
ferred to in bibliography
as* (superior letter) ; abbr.
R., or ro (not ital.).
rector, abbr. R.
rect/um * (anat.), pi. -a.
rect/us*(anat. ),/)/. -i*.
refU (Fr. m.), a receipt.
recueH* (Fr. m.), a literary
compilation.
reculer pour mieux
sauter (Fr.), to wait for
a better opportunity.
recur/*, -red*, -ring*.
recut*, to cut again (one
word).
r6dact\eur* (Fr.), editor;
fern, -rice,
redaction (Fr. f.), editing,
editorial department.
Redakteur(Gcr.m.), editor
(cap.).
Redboum, St. Albans.
Redboume, Lines.
redbreast* (robin), the
bird (two words).
redecorate* (one word).
Rede Lecture, Camb.
Univ. {see also Read,
Reade, Reed, Reid).
redeliver* (one word).
redemand* (one word).
Redemptionists*, an or-
der of monks devoted to
the redemption of Chris-
tian captives from slavery.
Redemptorists *, Liguor-
ians.
**Redgauntlet,»» by Sir W.
Scott, 1824 (one word).
red-hot* (hyphen).
red lead* (two words).
red-letter day* (one hy-
phen).
redoubt* (fort.), not -out.
redoubtable *.
redress*, to dress again
(one word).
red-tap/e*, -ism*, -ist*
(hyphen).
reducible*, not -cable.
reductio adj absurdum
(Lat.), an obviously ab-
surd conclusion ; — —
impossibile, an im-
possible conclusion.
red-'water*, cattle disease
(hyphen).
re-dye *, to dye again (hy-
phen).
re-echo (hyphen).
Reed (Alfred German),
1847-95, actor; — (Sir
Andrew), 1837- ; — (Sir
Charles) & Sons, type-
founders, London ; — (Sir
E. J.), 1830-, naval de-
signer ; — (E. T.), i860-,
"Punch" artist; —
(Talbot Raines), 1852-
93, writer of boys' books
{see also Read, Reade,
Rede, Reid).
Reekie (Auld), Old
Smoky, that is Edinburgh.
re/-eleot* -embark* {not
reim-), -enact *, -en-
force* (to enforce again),
-enslave*, -enter*, -en-
throne *, -establi sh *,
-exchange*, -exhibit*
(hyphens).
Ref., the Reformation.
ref., referee, referred, refer-
ence, reformed, -er.
325
RBPAIT — REICHSTAG
refait (Fr. m.), a drawn
game ; new horns or
antlers.
Ref.Ch., Reformed Church.
refer/ *, -able *, -rer *,
-ring*.
rafer/ee,-red, -ence, abbr.
ref.
reference marks (typ.),
signs used to direct the
reader from the text to a
note. They are used in
the following order * + J
§ II U, and then repeated
in duplicate as ** etc. {see
also foot-notes).
referend/um*, the right of
the people to decide on
certain laws, etc. ; pi. -a.
refer/rible, use -able *.
refill * (one word).
refit/*, -ted, -ting *.
refl., reflection, -ive, -ively,
reflex, -ive, -ively.
reflectible *, not -able.
refiector *, not -er.
reflection*, «o/-xion, abbr.
refl. ; in Fr. f. rS flexion.
Reformation (the) (cap.);
abbr. Ref.
Reform Bills, 1832, 1867,
1884-5.
reform/ed, -er, abbr. ref.
refractor *, a telescope.
refrangible *.
Reg., Regent, regina
(queen).
reg., register, -trar, -try,
regular, -ly.
regalia, is plural.
regd., registered.
regenerator *.
Regent, abbr. Reg.
Regent's Park, London
(apos.).
Reg.-Gen., Registrar-Gen-
eral.
Rigie, governmental con-
trol of articles paying duty
in Aust., Fr., It.,Sp.,Turk.
regime * (not itaL) ; in Fr.
m. r6-,
regimen/, pi. -s (not itaL).
regiment, abbr. regt.
regiaa(La.t.), queen ; abbr.
R., or Reg.
register* (binding), abook-
marker ; (typ.) when
pages, columns, and lines
are truly square, and back
one another precisely on
the paper, or when two or
more colours meet without
overlapping, they are said
to be " i« register," other-
wise ^^ottt of register."
The list of signatures
printed at the end of old
books. Abbr. reg.
registered, abbr. regd.
registrable, not -erable.
registrar/, -y, abbr. reg.
Registrar- General (hy-
phen, caps.) ; abbr. Reg.-
Gen.
regium donum (Lat.), a
royal grant.
Regius Professor, abbr.
Reg. Prof.
regie (Fr. f.), a rule.
regis (Fr.), settled.
reglet * (typ.), a thin strip of
wood used to make blanks
between lines of type.
"Rdgne Animal (Le)/*
by Cuvier, 181 7.
regnjum (Lat.), a kingdom,
or badge of royalty ; pi. -a.
Reg. Prof., Regius Pro-
fessor.
regrater *, not -or.
regret/*, -ful*, -fully*,
-table *, -tably *, -ted »,
-ting*.
regt., regiment.
reguija (Lat), a book of
rules ; pi. -as.
regular/, -ly, abbr. reg.
regulator *, not -er.
Reichs/anstalt, Ger. ofi".
laboratory ; "-anzeiger,'*
Ger.Imp.Gazette ; -kanz-
ler, Ger. and Aus. Imp.
Chancellor ; -rat, the
legislative body in the
Cis-leithan division of
Austria-Hungary j -tag,
Ger. legislative body (cap.).
326
BEID — REMOVABLE
Reid (Andrew), 1848-,
writer ; — (Sir A. J. F.),
1846- ; — (Sir George),
1841-, Sc. painter ; —
(Rt. Hon. G.H.), 1845- ;
— (Sir H. Gilzean),
1 838-, writer; — (Sir
H. V. R.), 1845- ; —
(Sir James), 1849-,
M.D.; — (Sir J. "W.),
i823-,M.D.;— (Captain
Mayne), 1818-83,
writer ; — (Thomas),
1710-96, metaphysician;
— (Sir T. Wemyss),
1843-1905, writer ; —
(Whitelaw), 1837-,
Amer. politician (see also
Read, Reade, Rede,
Reed).
Reikiavik,«5(j Reykj-.
reimbark, use re-em- *.
reimburse * (one word).
r6impression (Fr. f.), a
reprint.
Reims, Fr., not Rh-.
reine-Claude (Fr. f.),
greengage ; pi. reines-.
reinforce/*, -ment *
(mil.), not reen-.
reinstate* (one word).
re/s *, /(/.of rea/,aPort.coin.
Rels Bffendi* (Turk.), title
of former Secretary of
State for foreign affairs.
reissue*, see title pages.
reiteration* (typ.), the
printingof the second side
of a sheet ; abbr. reit.
reiver, a robber, use rea-*.
Rejane (G. R6ju), 185 7-,
actress.
rel., relative, -ly, religion,
religious, reliquias (relics).
reliche (Fr. m.), respite,
rest ; (theat.) no perform-
ance ; (f.) a port, harbour.
relaps/e*, -able*.
relat/er*, in law -or*.
relation*, connexion by
blood or marriage, not
relative.
relative/*, -ly*, abbr. rel.
{see also relation).
relativity*.
releaser*,one who releases.
releasor* (law), one who
grants a release.
re-let/*, -ting* (hyphen).
relevjS (Fr.), /em. -Se,
exalted, noble ; (cook.),
highly-seasoned, (the) re-
move, not re-.
relic*, not -ique.
relief-printing * (typ.),
letttfrpress or block print-
ing, not litho or plate.
re//e«/r(Fr.m.), bookbinder.
relievo*, use rilievo,
religieuse] * (Fr. f.), a nuh ;
pi. -s.
retigieux * (Fr. m.), a monk ;
pi. same.
relig/ion*, -ious*, abbr.
rel.
religious/ denomina-
tions (typ.), as Moham-
medan, Protestant, to
have caps. ; — marks, see
ecclesiastical signs.
relique, use relic*.
reliquias* (Lat.), relics, is
plural; abbr. rel.
reliure (Fr. f.), binding.
rel/y*, not -ie; -ied*,
-ying*.
rem., remarks.
remainder (typ.), that part
of an edition which is
unsaleable at its original
price.
remark*, «o/-que {see also
proofs of engravings).
Rembrandt, 1607-69, Du.
painter.
remerciment (Fr. m.),
thanks, not -iement.
retnjex* (Lat.), wing quill
feather ; pi. -iges*.
Reminiscere Sunday,the
second in Lent.
remissible*, capable of be-
ing forgiven.
remit/*, -tance*, -ter*.
remonstrator*, not-er.
rSaioulade (Fr. f.), salad
dressing, not remol-.
removable*, «o/ -cable.
327
BEMPIiISSAQB — RES
remplissage (Fr. m.), pad-
ding.
Remusat (C. P. M.,
comte de), 1 797-1875,
Fr. writer; — (J. P.),
1788-1832, Fr. Chinese
scholar.
Renaissance* (the), not
-ascence (cap.).
renard, the fox, use rey-*.
rendezvous*, sitjg. and pi.
(one word, not ital.).
rendible*. translatable.
renommle {Fr.), fent. -Se,
celebrated.
Renouf (Sir Peter le
Page), 1822-97, Egyptol.
renouncement *.
renovator*, not -er.
rentes] (Fr.f.), independent
income, also gov. stocks ;
— sur Pctatf interest
on Government loans.
reatjier (Fr.), /em. -i^re,
one whose income is de-
rived from investments.
renvoi (Fr. m.), dismissal,
adjournment ; (law) send-
ing before another court ;
(typ.) a reference mark.
reometer, use rhe-*.
reopen* (one word).
reorganize*, not -ise (one
word).
rep., report, -er, repre-
sentative, republic, -an.
rep*, a fabric, not repp.
rep/ air*, -arable*, -ara-
tion*.
repartee* (not ital.).
repartir (Fr.), to reply, to
start again.
repartir (Fr.), to divide.
repel/*, -led,-lence,-lent,
-ler*.
repertoire* (not ital.).
re'pertoriUin*(Lat.),a cata-
logue.
repetatur (Lat.), let it be
repeated ; abbr. repet
repetitorium (Lat.), a
summary.
replaceable*, «o^ -cable.
replica/*, a duplicate by
the artist himself; pi. -8
(not ital.).
repli/er*, -eth, «o/ reply-.
rSpiique (Fr. f.), a reply.
report/*, -er*, abbr. rep.
repouss6* (not ital.).
repp, use rep *.
repr., representing.
reprehensible*, «o/-able.
representable*, Ko/-ible.
representative *, abbr.
rep.
Representatives (House
of), lower division of
U.S.A. Congress (caps.).
repress/*, -er*, -ible*.
reprint* (typ.), a second
or a new impression or
edition of any printed
work ; a re-impression.
Printed matter taken from
some other publication for
reproduction. Also print-
ed "copy" (one w^ord) ;
abbr. R.P. {see also title
pages).
repris/e*, -al*, not -ize.
reprize, to prize anew.
reproducible *.
reproof*, a rebuke.
reprove*, to condemn.
republic/*, -an*, abbr. R.
RSpublique francaise
(l.c./), French Republic;
abbr. R.P.
repudiator*.
reputable*.
requiem/* (R.C.C.), the
Mass for the dead ; pi. -S.
requiesjcat in pace ( Lat. ) ,
may he, or she, rest in
peace, abbr. R.I.P., pi.
-cant ; 'Cit ,
he, or she, rests in peace.
reredos/*,no/-dorse,-dosse,
rerdos ; pi. -es.
reremouse, use rear-*.
res., reserve, resides, -ence,
resigned.
res/(Lat.), a thing or things;
— adjudicata, a matter
already decided ; —
angusta domi, scanty
means at home.
328
BESCUABLE — REVEUR
rescuable*.
reserve*, abbr. res.
Reserve* (Army) (caps.),
reserv/er, in law -or.
reservist, not -eist.
res gestae (Lat. />/.), things
done, matters of fact,
resid/es, -ence, abbr. r.,
or res.
residu/um, />/. -a.
resigned, abbr. res.
resin ; rosin only for mus.
instruments.
resist/ance, -ant, not
-ence, -ent.
resl^ judicata (Lat.), a
thing already decided ; —
nihilif a nonentity,
resolv/able, -er.
resonator.
resource, in Fr. f. ress-.
resp., respondent.
resp* (Ger.), respektiv, or.
respecter,
respirator, not -er.
response mark (typ.), ^i.
respons/ible, in Fr.
-able,
res publica (Lat.), public
property (two words).
respublica (Lat.), the com-
monwealth (one word).
restaurateur (Fr. m.),
restaurant-keeper.
Restigouche River, New
Brunswick.
restor/able, -ator.
Restoration (the) (cap.),
resum/e, -able.
r§sum6, a summary (not
ital.).
resuscitat/e, -or.
Reszke (ifidouard de),
1856- ; — (Jean de),
1853-, Polish singers,
ret (typ.), the second side
of a sheet,
ret., retired,
rotable, the super-altar,
retail, sell by, not at or to.
retd., returned.
Tetinl&,pl. -89.
retired, abbr. ret.
retraceable.
retract/able, -ability, not
-ible, -ibil-.
retractor, not -er.
retreater.
retree, the slightly damaged
paper of different reams
marked x x, 10% less
than "good." Distinct
from ''outsides," or
"broken, "marked X x x.
retriever, a dog.
retroussS (Fr.), turned up.
returned, abbr. retd.
Reubens, use Ru-.
reunion, a social gathering;
in Fr. f. rSunion.
R6union (lie de), Indian
Ocean.
Reuter, ^row. roy'tr.
Rev., Book of Revelation,
Reverend, Review.
rev,, revenue, reverse,
revise, -ed, -sion, revolu-
tion, -s.
rSvell(Fr. m.),an awaking,
a morning call.
r6veill6, morning call to
troops ; pron. re-val'ye
(not ital.).
rSveillon (Fr. m.), a mid-
night repast on Xmas eve.
revel/, -led, -ler, -ling.
Revelation(Bookofthe),
not -ions ; abbr. Rev.
revenons h nos moutons
(Fr.), let us return to our
subject.
revenue, abbr. rev.
Reverend,abbr.TheRev. ;
pi. Revs.
reverie, not -y.
revers (Fr. dress, m.), the
front turned back showing
the inner surface.
reverse, abbr. rev.
reversi, a game, not ri-.
reversible, not -able.
reverso (typ.),theleft-hand
page of an open book;
generally bearing the even
numbers ; usual abbr.
V, or verso (no point).
reveujr (Fr.), /em. -se,
a day-dreamer.
329
KEVrOIEREN ~ RIB
revidieren (Ger.),to revise.
Review, abbr. Rev.
Reviews (titles of) (typ.),
when cited, to be roman
double-quoted.
revise (typ.), a second or
subsequent proof; abbr.
rev.
revis/e, -able, -ing.
revis/e, -ed, -ion, abbr.
rev.
Revised/ Statutes, abbr.
R.S., or Rev. Stat. ; —
Version (the) (caps.),
abbr. R.V., orRev.Ver.
Revisionsbogen (Ger.
typ. m.), revised proof-
sheet (cap.).
revived old-style type,
see old-style type.
reviv/er, in law -or.
revoir {k) (Fr.), to be re-
vised.
revoir! (au), till we meet
again ! (not ital.)
revo/ke, -cable, -cation.
Revolution (the), Amer.
1775-83? Eng- 1688-9,
Fr. 1789-95, 1830, 1848,
1870 (cap.).
revolution/, -s, abbr. rev.
revolutionize, not -ise.
Revs., Reverends.
Rev. Stat., Revised
Statutes.
•« Revue/ Bleue," " — des
Deux Mondes," Fr. f.
periodicals.
Rev.Ver., RevisedVersion.
rex (Lat.), king ; abbr. R.
Reykjavik, not Reiki-.
reynard, the fox, not ren-.
rez-de-cbaussie (Fr. m.),
the ground floor(hyphens).
R.F., Re'publique franfaise
(Fr. Republic).
Rf. (paper), rough finish.
r/. , see rinforzando.
R.F.A., Royal Field Artil-
lery.
R.G.A., Royal Garrison
Artillery, — Guernsey
Artillery ; R.G.S., —
Geographical Society.
R.H.*, Royal Highness;
Rh, rhodium ; r.h., right
hand ; R.H. A., Royal
Hibernian Academy, —
Horse Artillery.
rhabdomancy*, «o/ra-.
Rhast/ia, -ian, -ic, of Aus.
Tyrol, not Rae-, Rhe-.
rhapsodize, not -ise.
rhatany* (bot.), not rat-.
Rheims, use Reims.
Rhein (Ger. m.), the Rhine.
♦* Rheingold (Das),"
opera by Wagner, i86g.
"Rheinisches Museum
fiir Philologie/* a Ger.
periodical.
rheometer(elec.), wo/reo-.
rhet., rhetoric.
R.H.G., Royal Horse
Guai'ds.
rhinoceros/, pi. -es.
R.H.M.S., Royal Hiber-
nian Military School.
Rhode Island, ofif. abbr.
R.I.
Rhodesia, S. Afr. ; pron.
r5-dee'zia.
rhodium, symbol Rh.
rhododendron/, pi. -s.
rhomb/us (geom.),^/. -i.
Rhondda Valley, Glam.
Rhone, dep. and river ; in
Fr. Rh6ne.
R.H.S., Royal Historical
Society, — Horticultural
— , — Humane — .
rhumb (naut.), not ru-.
rhym/e, to versify; -er {see
also rime).
Rhys (Sir John), 1840-,
philologist ; pron. reece.
rhythm.
R.I., Rhode Island (off.
abbr.). Royal Institute of
Painters in Water-Col-
ours, Royal Institution ;
R.I.A., Royal Irish
Academy ; R.I. A.M.,
ditto of music.
Rialto, Venice (cap.).
riantj (Jr.), fent. -e, cheer-
ful, agreeable to the eye.
rib/, -bed, -bing.
330
R.I.B.A. — RIV.
E.I.B.A., Royal Institute
of British Architects.
ribbon, not -and, riband.
K.I.C, Royal Irish Con-
stabulary.
Ricardo (David), 1772-
1623, Eng. economist.
Richelieu (Cardinal),
1585-1642, Fr. statesman.
Richepin (Jean), 1849-,
Fr. writer.
Richey (Sir J. B.), 1833-
{see also Ritchie).
Richter (Hans), 1843-,
musical conductor ; —
(J. P. F.), 1763-1825,
Ger. writer.
rickets, a bone disease.
rickety, not -tty.
rickshaw, abbr. of jin-
ricksha*.
ricochet/, -ted, -ting
(not ital.).
rid/, -ded, -ding.
rid/e, -eable, -den, -ing.
rider (typ.), additional MS.
added to a proof.
ridg/e, -y.
Ries (Ger. n.), aream (cap.).
Riesling, a Rhine wine.
Rievaulx Abbey, Yorks,
not Riv- ; pron. riv'ers.
rifacimentlo (It.), a re-
making ; pi. -/.
riff-raff (hyphen).
rifl/e, -ing.
right/ (theat.), abbr. R.; —
ascension, abbr. R.A.;
hand/, adj., -ed (hy-
phens); — hand pages
(typ.), the recto pages
usually with odd folios.
Right Reverend (for
Bishops only), abbr.
The Right Rev.
Rigi, Switz., not -hi.
rigor (med.), not -our.
rigor mortis (Lat.), stiffen-
ing of death (not ital.).
rigorous, not rigour-.
rigour, severity, not -or.
Rigsdag, Ddn. Parliament.
Rig-Veda, Sanskrit reli-
gious book (caps. , hyphen).
rillevjo (It.), raised or em-
bossed work, not re-; pi. -/.
R.I.M., Royal Indian
Marine,
rim/, -med, -ming.
rima (It.), verse.
rim/e, hoar-frost; -y {see
also rhjrme).
rinderpest, pleuro-pneu-
monia in cattle (one word).
rlnforzjando, -ato (It.
mus.), with more em-
phasis; abbr. r/., or rinf.
«*Ring der Wibelungen
(Der),** by Wagner, 1876.
Ringsend, Dublin.
Ringwood, Hants.
Ringwould, Dover.
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, not
Rio Janeiro.
Rio Tinto, S. Spain.
R.I.P.*, Requiescat (or -ant)
in pace (may he, she (or
they) rest in peace !).
ripost, a retort, not -te.
rippl/e, -y.
Rippmann (Prof. "Wal-
ter), 1869-, educationist.
"Rip Van Winkle," by
Washington Irving, 1820
(three caps.)*
ris de veau (Fr. cook, m.),
sweetbread.
rises, abbr. r.
risible, etc., not -able.
risqufS (Fr.), /em. -Se,
risky, indelicate.
rissole, minced meat fried
in batter (not ital.).
rissolS (Fr. cook.), well-
browned.
ritardando{lt.mus.), slow-
er; abbr. riL, or ritard.
Ritchie (Rt. Hon. C. T.),
1838-1905, statesman ; —
(Sir J. T.), 1835- {see also
Richey).
ritenuto (It. mus.), slower;
abbr. ritett.
Ritualist/ (cap.) ; -io (not
cap.).
Riukiu Isles, use lioo-
choo — .
Riv., river.
331
RIVAL — ROD
rival/, -led, -ling.
Rivaulx, see Rie-.
Rivaz (Sir C.^, 1845-.
rivel/, to corrugate ; -led,
-ling.
River (typ.), when with
name to have cap., as
Yellow River, River
Dart ; abbr. R., or Riv.
river-side (hyphen).
Rivesaltes, a Fr. wine
rivet/, -ed, -er, -ing.
Riviera, S. France.
Riviere (Briton), 1840-,
painter.
riviere (Fr. f.), river, (of
diamonds) collar.
rix-dollar, a European
coin 2/6-4/6, not ricks-
(hyphen) ; abbr. Rx.
riz (Fr. m.), rice.
Rizzio (David), d. 1566,
favourite of Mary, Q. of
Scots, not Rice-.
R.J. A., Royal Jersey Ar-
tillery ; R.J.L.I., ditto
Light Infantry ; R. J.M.,
ditto Militia.
R.L.O., Returned Letter
Office {formerly Dead
).
R.M., Resident Magistrate,
Royal Mail, — Marines ;
rm., ream ; R.M.A.,
Royal Marine Artillery,
— Military Academy
(Woolwich), Asy-
lum; R.M.C., — Military
College (Sandhurst) ;
R.Met.S., — Meteorolo-
gical Society ; R.M.L.I.,
— Marine Light Infantry ;
R.M.S., — Mail Ser-
vice ; Steamer, —
Microscopical Society.
R.N. *, Royal Navy ;
R.N.A.V., — Naval
Artillery Volunteers ;
R.N.R., — Naval Re-
serve ; R.N.V., — Naval
Volunteer (Reserve).
R.O., Receiving Office, -r,
Relieving Officer, Return-
ing — , Royal Observatory.
ro., rood.
r" (typ.), recto.
Road (typ.), after name to
be cap., as Fulham Road ;
in journalism, hyphen
and lower-case r usual, as
Fulham-rcad ; abbr. Rd.
road/side, -stead, -way
(no hyphen).
roan (binding), a soft and
flexible sheepskin, often
imitating morocco,
roast (to rule the), to
exercise leadership, not
roost.
Robartes (Baron), fam.
name Agar-Robartes.
Robben Island, S. Africa.
Robbia (Luca della),
1399-1482, sculptor.
robbin{E. Ind.), a package.
robe dej cbambre (Fr. f.),
morning- gown ; — —
COl/r, Court-dress.
Robert College, Constan-
tinople.
Robespierre (M. M. J.),
1758-94, Fr. politician,
robin, the bird (see also
robbin).
Robin/ Goodfellow, a
sprite (caps.) ; — Hood's
Bay, a town, Yorks
(apos., three words).
robin redbreast*.
** Robinson Crusoe," by
Defoe, 17 19.
Rob Roy, 1671-1734, Sc.
outlaw (caps., two words).
roburite, an explosive.
roc, a fabulous bird, not
rock, rok, rue, ruck, rukh.
Roch (St.), pron. rok.
Roche, />roH. rOsh.
Rochefoucauld,5<?<?Ija— .
roches m.outonn6es
(geol.) (not ital.).
rochet, a linen garment, not
-ette, rotchet.
Rock (the), Gibraltar.
Rockefeller(J.D.),i84o-,
Amer. millidnaire.
" Rock of Ages " (caps.).
rod, abbr, r.
33a
BOD — ROSENCRANTZ
Rod (Edouard), 1857-, Fr.
writer.
Rodd (Sir Rennell),
1 858-, writer.
Roderic, the last of the
Goths, not -ick.
Rodin (Auguste), 1840-,
Fr. sculptor.
rodomontade, not rh-.
roebuck (one word).
roe-deer (hyphen).
Roffen., signature of Bp. of
Rochester (point).
Rogation Sunday, that
before Ascension Day.
Roget (P. M.), 1779-1869,
wrote " Thesaurus."
rognons (Fr. m.), kidneys.
Rohilkhand, N.W. India,
not Rohilc-, -und.
Rohlfs (Anna K. G.),
1846-, Amer. writer.
roi fainSant (Fr.), do-
nothing king.
roisterer, not roy-.
rok, use roc.
Rokitansky (K. baron
von), 1804-78, anatomist.
r61e, in Fr. m. rdle.
roll-call (hyphen).
RoUeston (George),
1829-81, anatomist,
roly - poly, a pudding,
not roley-poley, roUey-
polley, roily -polly, row-
ley-powley.
Rom., Roman, Romance,
Romans (Epistle to the).
Romaic, modern Greek.
Roman/, -ism, -ist (caps.).
roman (typ.), this style of
type,or ordinary as distinct
from fancy and ital. (not
cap.) ; in Ger. Antiqua.
Roman Catholic/ (caps.),
abbr.R.C; Church
(caps.), abbr. R.C.C.
Romanie-Conti, a red
Burgundy wine,
romanize, not -ise.
roman numerals, see
numerals (roman).
Romanov, reigning house
of Russia, not -of, -off.
Romans (the Epistle to
the) ; abbr. Rom.
Romansch, Rhaeto-ro-
manic.
Romany, a gipsy, not
-nny, -mmany (cap.).
Romney (George), 1734
(O.S.)-i8o2, painter.
Romsey, Hants.
ronde (typ.), cm, tOvtlo^
cuvaulo/* Vovtn> op ^ciiKt,
rondeau/, a form of poem ;
pi. -X.
rondo (mus.), a movement,
rone, a water-pipe.
Rontgen (Julius), 1855-,
composer ; — ("W". K.
von), 1845-, discovered
rOntgen rays.
rood, abbr. ro.
rook (chess), abbr. R, also
a bird.
Rooke (Sir George),
1650-1709, Eng. admiral.
Roosevelt (Theodore),
1858-, Amer. Pres. 1903-;
pron. rSz'-felt.
roost (to rule the), use
roast,
rop/e, -y.
Roquefort, a Fr. cheese,
rorqual, a whale.
Rosalind, in "As You Like
It," and Spenser's "Shep-
herd's Calendar."
Rosaline, in " Love's
Labour's Lost," "Romeo
and Juliet."
Roscher (Wilhelm),
1817-94, economist.
Roscommon, Ireland,
ros/e, -y.
rose (Fr. m.), pink colour ;
(f.) a rose ; couteur de
— , roseate, attractive.
Rosebery (Earl of),
1847-, not -berry, -bury,
rosemary, not rosm-.
Rosencrantz and Guild-
enstern, in *' Hamlet."
333
KOSENKRANZ — ROWEL
Bosenkranz (J. K. F.),
1805-79, Ger. metaph.
Bosentreter, a chess open-
ing.
rose/- water, -wood (hy-
phens).
rosin (mus.), for stringed
instruments, not re-.
Rosinante, Don Quixote's
steed.
Roskilde (treaty of).
Roslin Chapel (^see also
Rosslyn).
iPilosmead (Baron).
Rosny (J. H.), Fr. writer.
Bosolio, a red wine of
Malta, not -oglio, -oli.
Ross (Sir James Clark),
1800-62 ; — (Sir John),
1777-1856, Arctic ex-
plorers.
Rosse (Earl of), />row. r6s.
Rossend Castle, Fife.
Rossetti (Christina
Georgina), 1830-94,
poetess ; — (Dante Ga-
briel), 1828-82, poet,
painter; — (Gabriele),
1 783-1854, poet, writer;
— (William. Michael),
1829-, writer.
rossignol (Fr. m.), night-
ingale.
Rosslyn (Earl of) {see also
Boslin).
Ross-shire (hyphen).
Rostand (Edmond),
1 868-, Fr. dramatist.
roster, a list of persons, etc.
rostr/um, pi. -a (not ital.).
rosy, not -ey.
rot/, -ted, -ting.
rdt/ (Fr. m.), meat roasted
on a spit ; pi. -s (not ital.).
rota/, list of persons ; pi. -S.
rotary, not rotatory.
rotator/, pi. -s.
rotatoiy, use rotary.
Rothamsted, agricul-
tural station.
Rothe (Richard), 1799-
1867, Ger. theol.
Rothes (Earl of), pron.
roth'iz.
Roth/schild(typ.), divide,
if necessary, at stroke.
rdti (Fr. m.), roast ftieat.
rotifer/ (zool. ),/>/. -s; roti-
fers (Lat.) is plural.
rdtir (Fr. cook.), to roast.
rotondo (It. typ.), roman
type.
rotor (math.), a vector of
definite position.
rottenstone (one word).
Rottingdean, Sussex (one
word).
rotund/ a, not -o ; pi. -as.
roturljer {Yr.\fem. -ere,
of mean birth.
Roubiliac (L. P.), 1695-
1762, sculptor ; not -Iliac.
rouble, Russ. silver coin
about 2S. iVad. Eng., itot
ru- ; abbr. R.
rou6, a debauchee (not ital.).
rouelle de veau (Fr. f.),
fillet of veal.
tvuge etnolr (Fr.m.), red
and black, a game of
chance (three words).
rougct (Fr. m.), red mullet.
rough, to trump, not ruff".
rough/-and-ready (adj.),
— -dry, — -hew, —
-rider, — -shod (hy-
phens).
rouleauj (Fr. m.), a roll of
money, roller, scroll ;
pi. -x,
Roumania/,-n, Ks^Rum-.
Roumelia/, -n, «5^Rum-.
roundabout (one word).
round-robin, a petition
(hyphen).
Rouse (W. H. D.), 1863-,
writer; pron. rows.
Rousse (Edmond), 181 7-,
Fr. writer.
Rousseau (J.-B.), 1670-
1741, Fr. poet ; — (J.- J.),
1712-78, writer ; —
(P. E. T.), 1812-67, Fr.
painter.
Roussillon, a red wine.
rout (verb).
rowan, the mountain-ash.
rowel/, -led, -ling.
334
ROWEN — RUDESHEIMEB
rowen, the aftermath.
rowley-powley, use roly-
poly.
rowlock (naut.), not roll-,
rull- ; pron. rSl'uk.
Roxburgh, Scotland.
roxburghe binding, a
plain leather back, no
raised bands, lettered in
gold near the top, cloth
or paper sides, leaves
gilt at top, otherwise un-
opened (not cap.).
Roxburghe/ (Duke of) ;
— Club.
Royal/ (cap.), abbr. R. ;
— Academ/y, — ician,
— Artillery, abbr.R. A.;
— Highness, R.H.
royal paper, printing,
25 X 20 in. ; royal/ folio,
so X 12^3 ; — quarto,
1272 X 10 ; — octavo, 10
X6V4; —writing, 24 X
19 {see a/50 books, folio,
paper).
Royal Society, abbr. R.S.
roysterer, use roi-.
R.P., Reformed Presbyte-
rian, reprint, (Fr.) Reverend
Pere (Reverend Father) ;
R.P.D., Rerum Politi-
carunt Doctor (Doctor
of Political Science),
Regius Prof, of Divinity ;
R.P.E., Reformed Prot-
estant Episcopal ; r.p.m.,
revolutions per minute.
rr., rarissime (very rarely) ;
R.R.C., Royal Red Cross
(for ladies).
R.S., Revised Statutes,
Royal Society ; Rs, ru-
pees ; r.s., right side ;
R.S.A., Royal Scottish
Academy ; R.S.A.F,,
Royal Small Arms
Factories; R.S.C., Rules
of the Supreme Court
(Ire.) ; R.S.E., Royal So-
ciety, Edinburgh ; R.S.L.,
ditto London(usually R.S.
only) ; R.S.M., Regi-
mental Serjeant - Major ;
R.S.N.A., Royal Society
of Northern Antiquaries ;
R.S.O., railway sub-
office ; R.S.P.C.A.,
Royal Society for Preven-
tion of Crueltj' to Animals
{see also N.S.P.C.C.) ;
R.S.S., Regise, Societatis
Sodalis (Fellow of
the Royal Society) ;
R.S.V.P.*, repondez s'il
vous plait (please reply)
(not to be used in writings
in the third person) ;
R.S.W.S., Royal Scottish
Water-Colour Society.
R.T., received text ;
Rt. Hon., Right Honour-
able ; Rt. Rev., Right
Reverend (of a bishop) ;
R.T.S., Religious Tract
Society, Royal Toxoph-
ilite Society; R.T.Y.C.,
Royal Thames Yacht
Club.
R.U., Rugby Union ; Ru,
ruthenium.
"Rub^iydt (The)," by
Omar Khayyam.
Rubens (Peter Paul),
1577-1640, painter, not
Reu-.
rubican, a horse flecked
with white or grey.
rubicel, a variety of ruby.
Rubicon (to cross the),
to take an irrevocable step
(cap.).
rubicund, red.
rubidium, symbol Rb.
ruble, use rouble.
rubric (typ.), letters in
red ; rubricate (typ.), to
print in red.
ruby (typ.), a size of type thlr-
teen lines to the inch, and five
and a half point, as this.
ru/c, -ck, -kh, use roc.
ruche (Fr. dress, f.), a
quiUing or frilling, «o/rou-.
rud, use rudd.
rudd, a fish, not rud.
Riidesheimer, a Rhine
wine.
335
HUB — KUYSDAEL
rue, rueful, ndng.
E.U.E. (theat.), right upper
entrance.
mjBT, a bird ; fern, reeve,
ruff, to trump, use rough,
ruffe, a fish.
rug\a (Lat.), a wrinkle ; pi.
-as.
Buhmkorff/ (H.D.), 1803-
77, electrician ; — coil.
R.TJ.I., Royal University
of Ireland.
minis (Fr.), fern, -ie, min-
ed, spoiled.
rul/e, -able, -ing, -y.
rule (typ.),
dotted, ;
double, = ;
em,—;
en, -;
French, — • — ;
metal, the em rule, of
various lengths
parallel.
Britannia ! "
single,
total,
■waved,
"Kule,
(comma).
rule-work (typ.), com-
position with many rules,
as in tabular matter (hy-
phen).
rum/, -my.
Kumania/, -n, not Rou-.
rumb, use rh-.
Rumelia/, -n, not Rou-.
mminator, not -er.
run (naut.), deserted ; abbr.
B.
Buneberg (J. L.), 1804-
77, Sw. poet.
runic (typ.), a plain style
of type with lines of
almost equal thick-
ness, as this; abbr. b.
runn -s ;,t\p.), figures or
letters placed down the
margin of a page to ident-
ify the lines.
Bunnimede, on the
Thames.
running/ head-line, or —
title (typ.), the one on
the head margin con-
tinued from page to page
{see also head-lines).
run on/ (typ.), to have no
break: no new paragraph;
solid, to continue
without break or leads.
run out and indent (typ.),
the first line to be full out,
and the subsequent lines
indented, as on this page.
rupee, sign B,/>/.Rs ; tens
of rupees, TCs. ; (typ.\
sign to be placed before
the figures and close up
(see also lac).
Bupert's Land (Bp. of).
.rtiralize, not -ise.
/USJS (Jr.), fern, -^e, artful.
ruse de guerre (Fr. f.), a
war stratagem.
B.U.S.I., Royal United
Service Institution.
nis in urbe (Lat.), the
country within a town.
Buss., Russia, -n.
Bussel (Alexander),
1814-76, a well-known
editor of the " Scotsman."
russel-cord, a fabric.
Bussell (Earl) ; also fam.
name Dukes of Bedford.
russet/, -ed, -ing, -y.
russia leather (binding),
is reddish-brown in colour
andscented, genuinemade
only in Russia (not cap.).
Bussia/, -n, abbr. Buss. ;
(typ-) 36 letters, both
caps, and smalls of special
character and form.
Bustchuk, Bulgaria.
rut/, -ted, -ting, -ty.
Buth (the Book of),
abbr. Buth.
ruthenium, symbol Bu.
Buthven (Baron), pron.
rivn'.
Buwenzori, mountain,
Cent. Africa.
Buy Lopez, chess opening.
Buysdael (Jakob), 1628-
82. Dutch painter.
R.V., Revised Version, Rifle
Volunteers ; R.V.C.,
Rifle Volunteer Corps ;
R.V.C.I., Royal Veter-
inary College of Ireland ;
R.V.S.V.P., repondez
viie, sh'l vous plait (please
reply quickly).
E.W., Right Worshipful,
— Worthy.
R.V. — R.Y.S.
Rx., rix-dollar.
Ex, tens of rupees (no
point).
Rye-house Plot, 1682-3
(one hyphen, two caps.).
Ryley (Madeleine
Lucette), actress and
playwright.
R.Y.S., Royal Yacht
Squadron (a club).
337
22
B NOTES
338
B NOTES
339
22 ♦
S. — SAIKT
s
S., Sabbath, Saint, school,
series, Signor, Society,
soprano, south, -ern,
Southern postal district of
London, sun, Sunday, sur-
plus, all propernames with
this initial, the eighteenth
in a series, (Fr.) saint
(saint), (Ger.) Sankt
(saint), Seite (page), Siid
(south), (Lat.) sepultus
(buried), socius or sodalis
(Fellow), (It. mus.) sinis-
tra (left hand).
S (chem.), sulphur, (math.)
scalar.
(S.), Socialist.
8., second, -s (of time"), sec-
tion, see, set, shilling, -s,
sign, -ed, singular, solo,
son, spherical, stem, sub-
stantive, succeeded, (Fr.)
siecle{c&nt\xty) ,sud{son\h),
(Ger.) siehe (see), (Lat.)
semi (half), solidus (shil-
ling), (meteor.) stratus
cloud, (naut.) snow.
•s, abbr. for Du. des (of the),
as 's Gravenhage (The
Hague).
4Sf:(It. mus.), the repeat mark.
$, the dollar mark; (typ.)to
be before, and close up to,
the figures.
y (math.), sign of integra-
tion.
2 (Gr.) (math.), sum.
S.A., the Salvation Army,
South Africa, -n.
S.a. (Lat.), sine anno (with-
out date).
S.A.A.A., Scottish Amateur
Athletic Association.
Sabaoth (Scrip.), armies.
Sabbatarian/, -ism
(caps.\
Sabbath (the) (cap.) ;
abbr. S.
sabretache, bag for
cavalry, not -tash, -tasche.
Sabreur (Le Beau), Jo-
achim Murat, 1767-1815.
saccharimeter, not -om-.^
Sacheverell (Henry),
1672-1724, High Church
rector.
Sachs (Hans), 1494-1576,
Ger. poet; — (Julius),
1832-97, Ger. botanist
{see also Sax, Saxe).
Sachsen, Ger. n. for
Saxony.
sackcloth (one word).
sacque, a loose coat.
sacrlS (Fr.), /em. -ie,
sacred.
sacrilegious, not sacre-,
-eous.
Saffron-Walden, Essex
(hyphen).
saga/, Scand. myth. ; pi. -8.
sagesse (Fr. f.), wisdom.
Saghalien Island* ttst
Sakhalin — .
sagou (Fr. m.), sago.
sabibj (Ind.), master ; /etn.
-ab, or mem-sabib.
S.A.I. (Fr.), Son Altesse
Imperiale (His, or Her,
Imperial Highness); pi.
SS.AA.II.
saignantl, f. -©(Fr.cook.),
underdone.
sailcloth (one word).
sailed, abbr. sld.
Sailors* Home, not -'s.
sainfoin (bot.), not saint-.
Saint, abbr. S., or St. ; in
alphabetical arrangement
always place under Saint,
not under St-; (typ.) St.
should not end line.
In Fr. small s and space
after, if relating to the
person of a saint, as saint
Jean, but cap. 5 and
340
SAINT
Saint {coni.).
hyphen if relating to
the name of a place or
person or saint's day : as
Saint-l^tienne, Sainte-
Beuve, la Saint - Bar-
thelemy. Fr. abbr. S.,
fern. Ste, for the persons
of saints ; St'.,fem. Ste-,
for names of places, of
persons, or of saints'
days. In Ger. Satlkt,
abbr. S., pi. SS.
St. Albans (Bp. of).
St. Andrew's Cross, X .
St. Andrews, Dunkeld,
and Dunblane (Bp. of)
(no apos. ); St.A2idrew*s
Day, 30 Nov. ; St. An-
drews University (no
apos.) ; St. Anne's Day,
26 July; St. Annes-on-
Sea, Lanes (hyphens,
no apos.) ; St. An-
thony's fire, erysipelas ;
St. Aubin's, Jersey
(apos.) ; St. Barnabas'
Day, 1 1 June; [St.] Bar-
tholomew Day, 24
August ; St. Bees, Cum-
berland (no apos.) ; St.
Clement'sDay, 23 Nov. ;
St. David's, Fife, Pem-
broke, and Bp. of (apos.);
St. Denis' Day, 9 Oct. ;
St. Dtmstan's Day, 19
May; Saint-]Sniilion, a
claret; Saint-Estdphe,
a claret; Saint- ifitienne,
dep. Loire; St. George's
Channel (apos.) ; St.
Gothard, Switz., not
Gott- ; St. Helens, Dur,
Lanes, L of Wight (no
apos.) ; St. Ives, Corn,
Hunts (no apos.) ; St.
James's/ Day, 25 July;
— — Palace, Park,
Square, Street, etc.
(-s's) ; St. John, cap.
N. Brunswick ; as proper
name, pron. sin'jin ; St.
John's, Newfoundland,
Quebec ; St. John's
College, Ox., and Camb.
(apos.) ; St. John's
"Wood, London (three
words, apos.) ; St. John
the Baptist's Day, 24
June ; ditto Evangel-
ist's Day, 27 Dec. ;
Saint- JuUen, a claret;
Saint-Just (L. A. L.
F. de), X 767-94, Fr.
writer ; St. Katharine's
(of Alexandria) Day, 25
Nov. ; St. Lambert's
Day, 17 Sept. ; St. Law-
rence's Day, 10 Aug. ;
St. Leonards, Hastings
(no apos.) ; St. Luke's/
Day,! 8 Oct. ; little
summer, fine weather
between 18 Oct. and ir
Nov.; St. Margaret's
Day, 20 July ; St.
Mark's Day, 25 April ;
St. Martin's summer,
begins about 11 Nov. ;
St. Mary Abbot, Ken-
sington ; St. Mary
Church, Torquay (three
words) ; St. Matthew^ s
Day, 21 Sept. ; St.
Matthias's Day, 24
Feb. (-s's); St. Maur,
family name of Duke of
Somerset, pron. se-mor' ;
St. Michael and All
Angels' Day, 29 Sept. ;
St. Michael's, Azores
(apos.) ; Mount Saint
Michael, Cornwall ; "
Mont - Saint - Michel,
Fr. (hyphens) ; St.Weot,
Corn ; St. Weots, Hunts
(no apos.); St. Nicolas,
patron of Russia, also town
in Belgium ; St. Olaf,
patron of Norway ; St.
Patrick's Day, 17 Mar.;
St. Paul de Loanda,
W. Afr., see Loanda;
St. Paul's, London ; —
— Day, 25 Jan. (apos.) ;
St. Peter's, Rome
(apos.) ; St. Peter's Day,
29 June (apos.) ; St.
341
SAINT — SAMOYBD
Philip and St. James's
Day, I May; Saint-
Pierre, a claret ; Saint-
Pierre (J. H. B. de),
1 737-18 14, Fr. writer
(hyphen) ; St. RoUox,
Glasgow ; Saint-Saens
(C. C), 1835-, Fr. com-
poser (hyphen) ; St.
Sepulclire(Cliiirch of) ;
Saint-Simon (C. H.,
comte de), 1760-
1825, founder of Fr.
Socialism ; — (Ii. de R.,
due de), 167 5-1 755, Fr.
writer (hyphen) ; St.
Simon and St. Jude's
Day, 28 Oct. ; St. Ste-
phen's Day, 26 Dec;
St. Swithin*s Day, 15
July ; St. Thomas's
Day, 31 Dec; St.
Vitus's dance (-s's).
Sainte - Beuve (C.-A.),
1804-69, French writer ;
Sainte-Claire Deville
(H. :fi.)» 1818-81, Fr.
chemist (one hyphen).
Saintsbnry (Prof. G. E.
B.), 1 845-, writer.
Sakandarabad, use Se-
cunder-.
sake, a Japanese liquor* not
-ke, -ki.
Sakhalin Island, Siberia,
not Saghalien — .
sakleb, Egyptian irrigating
wheel, not -ee3eh, -ia.
Sakyamuni, founder of
Buddhism.
salaam, not -lam.
salade (Fr. f.), salad.
salatnle. It. sausage, fool ;
PL ./.
sale (Fr.), dirty.
salS (Fr. cook.), salted.
saleable, not sala-.
Salem, Madras, Mass.
(U.S.A.).
Salic, not -ique.
salicylic acid.
Salimpur, India.
sallej (Fr. f.), hall ; — h
manger, dining-room
(not ital.) ; — d'attente,
waiting-room.
sally-lunn,a tea-cake (hy-
phen, not caps.).
salmagiindi, a medley,
not -y.
salmis (Fr. cook, m.), a
hash, not -mi.
Salmon (George), 181 9-
1904, math, and theol.
Salmond(S.D.P.), 1838-
1905, theol.
salmon/-parr, not -par ;
peal, a salmon under
two pounds, not -peel.
salon (Fr. m.), reception-
room, exhibition, fashion-
able society.
Saloniki, Turkey, not -ica,
-ika.
Salop, abbr. for Shropshire
(no point).
Salpetridre (La), hos-
pital for the insane, Paris.
salpicon (Sp. m.), cold
minced meat, not -9on.
salsify (bot.), not -afy.
salt-cellar (hyphen).
Salt Lake City, Utah
(caps., no hyphen).
Saltoun (Baron).
saltpetre (one word).
saltus (Lat.), a jump ; 5.
and pi. the same.
salutary, not -ory.
salver, a tray {see salvor).
Salvio gambit, a chess
opening.
salvo/, pi. -8, not -es.
sal volatile, ammonium
carb. ; pron. sal-vO-lat'i-l6.
salvor, one who salves prop-
erty, not -er (s^g salver).
Salzkammergut, Austria.
Sam., Samaritan, Samuel
(i and 2).
samarium, symbol Sm.
Samarkand, Turkestan,
not -cand.
Samboume (E. Linley),
1845-, •* Punch" artist.
S. Amer., South America,
-an.
Samoyed, not -oied, -oide.
34a
SAMPAN — SARCOMA
sampatly Chinese boat, not
san-.
sampl/e, -ed, -ing.
Sampson (Dominie), in
" Guy Mannering," not
Samson.
Samura/, Japanese military
class {sing, and pi.),
sanatori/um, not -arium;
pi. -a.
sanatory, healing {see also
sanitary).
Sancho-Pedro, card game
(caps., hyphen).
sanctum/, a retreat, pi.
-s; — Banotorum(Lat.),
a special retreat, pi.
sancta — (not ital.).
Sand (George, not
Georges), Madame Dude-
vant, 1804-76, Fr. writer.
sandal/, -led.
sandarach, a gum, not -ac,
-ak.
Sandars Reader, Camb.
Sanday (Prof.W.), 1843-,
theologian.
Sandeau (L. S. J.), 181 1-
83, Fr. writer.
Sanders (Daniel), 1819-,
Ger. lexicographer.
sand-paper (hyphen).
sand/piper, a bird; -stone
(one word).
Sandys, />ro«. sandz.
sang'de-boBuf (Fr. m.), a
deep-red colour.
sang-froid, self-possession
(hyphen, not ital.).
saii^rar(Sp.typ.),toindent.
Sanliedrin, supreme Jew-
ish council, not -im.
sanitary, healthy, not -ory
{see also sanatory).
Sankt (Ger.), saint; abbr.
S.,^/. SS.
sannup (Amer.-Ind.), hus-
band of a squaw, not -op.
sanpan, use saai'.
sansj (Fr.), without; —
appel, without appeal ;
— cSrSmonle, inform-
ally ; — - changer, with-
out changing.
Sanscrit, use Sansk-.
sans-culotte (Fr. m.),
ragamuffin, a revolution-
ist; in Eng. one word, cap.
sans doute (Fr.), without
doubt.
Sansevieria (bot.).
sansl facon (Fr.), inform-
ally; — faute, without
fail; — gSne, free-and-
easy.
Sanskrit, not -crit, abbr.
Skt. ; (typ.) 34 con-
sonants, 10 vowels, 4 diph-
thongs, all special forms.
"SansPareil" (H.M.S.)
(caps.).
sansj pareil (Fr.), un-
equalled ; — peine, with-
out difficulty ; — peur et
sans reprocbe, fearless
and blameless ; — pbrase,
without circumlocution.
sans serif (typ.), a type
without serifs, as this
(two words).
sansl souci (Fr.), without
cares; — ^acAe, stainless.
Santa (It.), female saint;
abbr. Sta,
Santa Claus, not — K1-.
Santa P6, Argentina, New
Mexico.
Santander, N. Spain (one
word).
Santenot,aBurgundywine.
Santos-Dumont (Alber-
to) > 1 873-, aeronaut.
Sa6ne/, Fr. river, pron. sOn ;
Haute- — , dep. (hy-
phen) ; — -et-IiOire,
ddp. (hyphens).
"Sapho," novel by Daudet,
opera by Gounod, 185 1.
Sappho,596B.c.-?, poetess.
S.A.B. (Fr.), Son Altesse
Royale (His, or Her,
Royal Highness) ; pi.
SS.AA.BB.
Sar., Sardinia, -n.
Saragossa, Spain; in Sp.
Zaragoza.
sarcenet, a fabric, not sars-.
sarcom/a (path.), pi. -ata.
343
SARCOPHAGUS — S.C.
sarcophag/u8,/»/. -i.
Sardinia, in It. Sardegna;
abbr. Sar.
Sardou (Victorien),
1831-, Fr. dramatist.
Sargeaunt (J.), writer.
Sarg/ent (J. S.), 1856-,
painter {see also -eant).
sari, Ind. female garment,
not -ee, -y.
sarsenet, use sarc-.
Sarum., signature of Bp. of
Salisbury (full point).
S.A.S., Sodetatis Antiqua-
riorunt Socius (Fellow of
the Society of Antiquaries,
U.S.A.).
Saskatchewan (Bp. of).
sassafras (bot.),«o^ sasse-.
Sassenach (Gael.), an
Englishman.
Sat., Saturday.
Satan (cap.).
Satanic (not cap.),
sateen, a fabric, not satt-.
satlner (Fr.), to calender
paper,
satinet, a fabric, not -ett.
satire, literary work, etc.
{see also satyr),
satirize, not -ise.
satrap/, /em. -ess, Pers.
viceroy.
Satsuma, Jap. pottery,
saturater, not -or.
Saturday, abbr. Sat.
satyr (class, myth.) (see
also satire).
sauce piquaate (Fr. f.),
a sharp sauce,
Sauchiehall Street, Glas-
gow (two words).
sauclsse (Fr. f.), fresh
pork sausage.
saucisson (Fr. m.), large,
highly-seasoned sausage.
Sauerkraut (Ger. n.),
chopped and fermented
cabbage (cap.).
saumon (Fr. m.), salmon.
Saumur, a champagne.
saut6 (Fr.), lightly fried.
Sauteme, a white Bor-
deaux wine.
sauve qui peut (Fr.), let
him save himself who can.
savanna, a plain.
Savannah, Georgia, «o/-a.
savant/, pi. -s ; fem. -e,pl.
-es.
Savigny, a red Burgundy,
Savile/, family name of
Earl of Mexborough; —
(Baron) ; — Club, —
How, London; — (Sir
Henry), 1549-1622,
founder of Savilian chairs
at Oxford, not -ille.
savings bank (no apos.).
savoirj'faire (Fr.), skill,
tact; — -v/Fre, good
breeding (hyphens).
Savonarola (Q.), 1452-98,
It. religious reformer.
Savoyard, of Savoy.
Sax., Saxon, Saxony.
Sax (A. J.), 1814-94, in-
ventor of saxhorn {see
also Sachs, Saxe).
Saxe, in Ger. Sachsen.
Saxe (J. G.), 1816-87,
American writer ; —
(Maurice), 1696-1750,
Fr, marshal {see also
Sachs, Sax).
Saxe/-Altenburg ; —
-Coburg - Gotha, in
Ger. Sachsen- — ;
— -Meiningen, —
-"Weimar (hyphens).
saxhorn (one word).
Saxon/, -y, abbr. Sax.
Saye and Sele (Baron).
Sayyidpur, India.
S.B, (Amer.), Bachelor in
Science ; Sb, stibium
(antimony): S.B, C,
Southern Baptist Con-
vention.
S.C, South Carolina, Staff
Corps, Supreme Court,
(Lat.) Senatus Consultutn
(a decree of the Senate),
(law) same case, (paper)
super-calendered ; Sc,,
science, Scotch, Scots,
Scottish ; Sc, scandium ;
B.C. (typ.), small capitals ;
344
SC. — SCHIROCCO
sc, scene, scruple ; SC,
(Lat.) scilicet (namely),
sculpsit (he, or she, carved,
or engraved, it).
Scafell, highest Eng. moun-
tain, not -el, Scaw-.
scagliola, imitation marble,
not seal-.
scala, surg. instrument.
Scala (La), theatre,
Milan.
scalable, not -cable.
scalar (math.), a real num-
ber ; symbol S (no point).
scaler, one who, or that
which, scales.
Scaliger (J. C), 1484-
1558; — (J. J.)r 1540-
1609, scholars, father and
son.
scaliola, use scagl-.
scallawag, a scapegrace,
not scala-, scally-.
scallop *, a shell, also used
in cook, and dress., not
SCO-, escalop.
scan/, -ned, -ning.
Scand., Scandinavia, -n.
scandalize, not -ise.
scandal]um magnatum
(Lat.), defamation of high
personages, pi. -a — ;
abbr. scan, mag,
Scandinavia/, -n, abbr.
Scand.
scandium, symbol Sc.
S.C.A.P.A., Society for
Checking the Abuses of
Public Advertising.
scape/goat, -grace (one
word).
s.caps. (typ.), small cap-
itals.
scarabaB/us, a beetle, not
-eus ; pi. -i.
Scarborough, Yorks.
Scarbrough (Earl of).
scarecrow (one word).
scarlatina, scarlet fever,
not scarlet-.
Scarlett, family name of
Baron Abinger.
scathe, to injure, «o/-ath;
soathless, not -eless.
Sc.S., Scientix Baccalaureus
(Bachelor of Science).
Sc.D., Scientix Doctor
(Doctor of Science).
scSlSrat (Fr. m.), a
scoundrel.
scenja (It., Lat.), scene
in a play or opera, pron.
shay'na ; It. pi. -e, Lat
pi. -«.
scenari/o, outline of a play,
pron. she-nar'io ; pl.-i,
scene (Fr. f.), scene, stage ;
en — , on the stage.
" Scenes of Clerical
Life,'* by George Eliot,
1858, not from.
sceptic, etc., not sk-.
sch., schooner.
Schadow (J. G.), 1764-
1850; ~ (Rudolph),
1 786-1822, sculptors.
Schafer (E. A.), 1850-,
physiologist.
Schaumburg-Lippe,
Ger. (hyphen).
Scheele*s-green (apos.,
hyphen).
SchefiE'er(Ary), 1795-1858,
Fr. painter {see also
Schoe-).
Scheherazade, the relater
in ''The Arabian Nights."
Scheldt, Dutch river.
Schelling (P. W. J.),
, 1775-1854, metaph.
scbemja (Lat.), an outline ;
pi. -ata,
scherzjo (It. mus.), a play-
ful piece ; pron. skert'so,
pi. -/.
Schiedam Schnapps,
Holland gin (caps.).
Schiehallion, Mt., Perth.
Schiff (Ger. typ. n.), gal-
ley (cap.).
Schiller (J. C. P. von),
1759-1805, Ger. poet.
Schimmelpenninck
(Mary Ann), 1788-1856,
writer.
schipperke, a breed of
dogs ; pron. skip-er'kS.
schirocco, use si-.
345
SCHIiAGER — SCOTICE
Scblager (Ger. m.), stu-
dent's duelling sword
(cap.).
Schlagint"weit, a family
of travellers.
Scblagwort (Ger. typ. n.),
catchword (cap.).
Schlechter (C), 1874-,
chess player.
Schleiermacher (F. E.
D.), 1768-1834, theol.
"Schlemihl (Peter),**
tale by Chamisso.
Schliemann (Heinrich),
1822-90, Ger. archaeol.
Scbloss (Ger. n.), a castle,
\ock;pl.Schl6sser {cap.).
Schlussj (Ger. m.), con-
clusion ; — folgt, con-
cluded in our next.
Scbmutztitet (Ger. typ.
m.), the half-title (cap.).
Scbnapps (Du.), gin, not
-aps.
Schoeffer (Peter), 1425-
1502, printer {see also
Sche-).
SCboUlum (Lat.), a note;
pi. -a, abbr. scbol,
Schomburgk (Sir R. H.),
1804-65, traveller.
school/, abbr. S.; — board
(two words).
Bchool/boy, -girl, -mas-
ter, -mistress, -room
(one word).
schooner, abbr. sch.
Schopenhauer (Arthur) ,
1 788 -i860, metaph.
Bchottische, dance, etc.,
wo/-ich, -ish.
Scbrlftj (Ger. f.), type;
-setzer, compositor ;
-steller, author (caps.).
Schubart (Daniel), 1739-
91, Ger. poet.
Schubert (Franz P.),
1 797-1828, composer.
Schulze-Delitzsch (H.),
1808-83, founder of Ger.
People's Banks.
Schumann (Robert),
1810-56, composer.
Schuyler (E.), 1840-90,
American writer ; pron.
sky'ler.
Schuylkill, Pennsylvania ;
proH. skool'kil.
Schwalka (F.), 1849-92,
Amer. traveller.
Schwann (Theodor),
1810-82, cell theorist.
scbwanpan, use sbw-.
Schwarz'wald, the Black
Forest.
Schweinfurt, Bavaria.
Schweinfurth (G. A.),
1836-, Afr. traveller.
Schweinfurth/-blue, —
-green, etc.
Sohweiz (die), Ger. for
Switzerland.
Schwyz, canton in Switz.
sciagraph, use skia-.
science, abbr. Sc.
SC/eJlter (Lat.), knowingly.
scilicet (Lat.), namely ;
abbr. SC, or scil.
scimitar*, not the many
variations.
Scinde, Ind., use Sind.
scintilla, a trace.
sciograph, use skia-.
scirocco, use si-,
scissel, scrap metal, not
-il, -lie, sizel.
S.C.Ii.,StudentofCivilLaw.
Sclav, etc., use S1-.
scollop, use sea-.
Scone, Perth ; pron. skoon.
scone, a soft cake, not scon,
skon ; pron. sk6n.
score, three-, four-, etc.
(one word),
scori/a, slag ; pi -ae.
Scot, native of Scotland
{see also Scott).
Scot., Scotch, Scotland,
Scottish.
Scotch, in Eng. and Amen,
in Scotland usually Scots,
or Scottish; abbr. Sc,
or Scot,
scotch, to cut, or notch.
Scotchman, in Eng. and
Amer., in Sc. Scotsman,
soot- free (hyphen).
Bcotice, in a Sc. manner.
346
SCOTIiAND — SEA
Scotland,abbr. Scot.; N.B.
not to be used.
Scots/, in Scotland pre-
ferred to Scottish ; abbr.
So. ; — Greys, —
Guards (no apos.).
Scotsman, in Scotland
preferred to Scotchman.
Scott (Sir "Walter), 1771-
1832, writer.
Scotticism, a Sc. expres-
sion, not scoti-.
Scottish, not Scotish (as
in Grove's " Diet."); abbr.
Sc, or Scot,
scow, a flat-bottomed boat,
not skew^, skow.
scrabbed eggs, use
scrambled — .
scratch comma, short
shilling mark /, formerly
used as a comma,
scratch- cradle, a game,
use cat's-cradle *.
scratched figures, see
figures (scratched),
screw steamer, abbr. s.s.
scribes and Pharisees
(cap. P).
scrlpsjit (Lat.), he, or she,
wrote it ; pi. -erunt, or
-ere.
script (typ.), 4^A^ en
^A
a.
script., Scripture, -al.
scriptori/um, a writing
room ; pi. -a.
Scriptures (the) (cap.).
scrivener's palsy (apos.).
scrot/um (anat.), pi. -a.
scruple, 20 grains ; abbr.
SC, sign 9.
scrutator, a scrutmeer.
scrutinj d*arrondisse-
ment (Fr. m.), voting for
a single candidate ; — de
llsie, ditto group of can-
didates.
scrutinize, not -ise.
S.C.U., Scottish Cycling
Union.
SCUdjO, It. coin about
4s. Eng. ; pi. 'J.
sculk, use sk-.
scull, oar, and form of row-
ing, not sk-.
sculp., sculptor, -ural, -ure.
SCUlpsjit (Lat.), he, or she,
engraved or carved it ;
pi. -erunt, or -ere; abbr.
sc.j or sculps.
sculptures (titles of)
(typ.), when cited, to be
roman double-quoted.
Scutari, not Sk-.
scutcheon, use escut-*.
Scylla and Charybdis.
scymitar, use scim-*.
S.D., Senior Deacon ; s.d.,
shillings, pence (not ital.) ;
S.d. J sine die (indefinite-
ly) ; sd. (books), sewed ;
S. Dak., South Dakota
(offic. abbr.) ; S.D.F.,
Social Democratic Feder-
ation ; S.D.U.K., Society
for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge.
S.E., south-east, South-
Eastern postal district of
London, Son Excellence
(Fr.) (His Excellency).
S/E., Stock Exchange.
S.E., (Fr.) Son Eminence
(His Eminence).
Se, selenium.
sea, when with name, to
be cap., as North Sea,
Sea of Marmora.
seafar/er, -ing (one word).
Seafieid (Earl of).
Seaford, Sussex.
Seaforde, Co. Down.
sea/-going, -gull, -kale
(hyphens).
Seal, Sevenoaks.
Seale, Farnham, Surrey.
sea-level (hyphen).
sealing-wax (hyphen).
seamstress, not semp-.
stance, a sitting (not ital.),
sea/port, -scape (one
word).
sear, not sere.
sea-serpent (hyphen).
347
SEASHOBJ; — SEIi
seashore (law), the land
between high and low
water (one word).
sea-sickness (hyphen).
seaside (one word).
Sebastopol, not Sev-.
sec, secant, second, -s,
secretary.
sec, see secundum.
second (adj.), abbr. 2nd,
not 2d.
second/, -s, abbr. s., or
sec; — mark, " (see
also secnnd).
seconde (Fr. f.), a fencing
parry, (rail.) second class,
(typ.) second proof.
second-hand (hyphen).
second mark (typ.), " ;
also symbol for inches.
secrecy, not -sy.
sec reg., secundum regu-
lant (according to rule).
secretaire, a writing-table
(not ital.).
Secret an (Charles),
1815-95, Swiss philos-
opher.
secretariat, a secretary's
oflSce, not -ate.
Secretary, head of State
department (cap.).
secretary, a writer ; abbr.
sec.
secretory, of secretion.
section (typ.), a chapter
subdivision, abbr. s.,sect.,
or § ; — mark, §, fourth
ref. mark for foot-notes in
math, works ; pi. §§.
secularize, not -ise.
secund (biol.), on one side
only {see also second).
Secunderabad, Ind., not
Sakandar-, Sikander-.
secundum j (Lat.), accord-
ing to, abbr. sec ; —
artemy ditto art, abbr.
sec. arL ; — legem,
ditto law, abbr. sec. leg. ;
— naturam, naturally,
abbr. sec nat. ; — quid,
in some respects only ; —
regulam, according to
rule, abbr. sec reg. ;
secundum veritatem,
universally valid.
se defendendo (Lat.), in
defending himself, or her-
self.
sederunt (Lat.), a meeting,
or sitting.
Sedgemoor, Somerset ;
— (battle of), 1685 (one
word).
Sedgwick (Adam), 1785-
1873, geologist {see also
Sidg-).
Sedlitz powder, use
Sei .
seducible.
sSduisantI (Fr.), /em. -e,
bewitching.
See (the Holy), the Papal
Court; see (verb), abbr. s.
Seeley (Sir J. R.), 1834-
95. writer.
Seely (Sir Charles),
1833-.
see-aaw (hyphen),
seethe, to boil, not -th.
Sefton (Earl of).
segnior, see seigneur,
signor.
seiche, certain lake waves ;
in Fr. seche, pron. sash.
Seidenpapier (Ger. n.),
tissue paper (cap.).
Seidlitz powder, not Sed-.
seigneur (Fr. m.), a person
of rank.
Seine/-et-Mame, et-
Oise, — -Inf6rieure,
Fr. deps. (hyphens),
seise (law), not -ze.
seisin (Sc. law), taking
possession.
Seitje (Ger. f.), a page.
abbr. S. ; pi. -en, abbr.
SS. (cap.).
SeitenzabI (Ger. f.), a
page-number (cap.).
seize, to grasp {see also
seise).
sSjour (Fr. ra.), sojourn.
Sekunderabad, use Sec-.
sel., selected.
sel (Fr. m.), salt.
348
SEIi. — SEPTEMVIR
sel, (Ger.), selig (deceased,
late).
Selborne (Earl of) {see
also Shelbume").
•• Selborne (Natural
History of),** by Gilbert
White, pub, 1789.
Selden Society.
selector, not -er.
selenium, symbol Se.
self-made (hyphen).
selfsame (one word).
selig (Ger.), deceased, late ;
abbr. sel.
selJe de mouton (Fr. f.),
saddle of mutton.
seller's option, abbr. s.o.
Sellindge, Hythe.
Selling, Faversham.
selon les rhgtes (Fr.),
according to the rules.
Selous (P. C), 1851-, Afr.
traveller ; pron. se-loo'.
Selsey, Sussex, not -sea.
selvedge, not -age.
Selw., Selwyn Coll., Camb.
Selwin-Ibbetson, family
name of Baron Rook-
wood.
Sem., Semitic.
sem., semicolon.
semeio/graphy, -logy,
-tics, science of symp-
toms, not semio-.
se/n/(Lat.), half; abbr. s.
semi-barbar/ian, -ic,
-ism, -ous (hyphen).
semicircle (one word).
semicolon (one word),
abbr. sem. ; in Ger.
Strichpunkt (see punc-
tuation, XXII).
semiolcgy, use semeiol-.
Semite, not Sh-.
Semitic, abbr. Sem.
semp. (It.mus.) , sempre (the
same style throughout).
semper] eadem (Lat. f.
s., and n. pl.\ always
the same ; — fidelis, al-
ways faithful, pi. — /i-
detes ; — idem (m. and
n. sing.), always the same.
Sempill (Baron).
sempre (It. mus.), the
same style throughout ;
abbr. semp.
sempstress, use seams-.
Sen., Senate, -or, senior.
sen, (It.), senza (without).
sen, Vioo of Jap. gold yen :
about ^/s Eng. penny.
Senat/e, -or, abbr. Sen.
SenatUS (Lat.) , the Senate.
Senatus Academicus,
the governing body in Sc.
universities (notital.).
Senatus Consultum, a
decree of the Senate ;
abbr. S.C.
S6n6gal, Fr. W. Afr.; in
Eng. no accents.
senliorj (Port.), Mr. ; /em.
-a.
senior, abbr. sen.
seniores priores (Lat.),
elders first.
se non d vera, e ben
trovato (It.), if it be not
true, it is well invented.
sehorf (Sp.), Mr. ; -es,
Messrs. ; -a, Mrs. ; -ita.
Miss.
sensible, in Fr. sensJS,
fern. '6e.
sensible (Fr.), sensitive.
sensorijum (Lat.), pi. -a.
sensualize, not -ise.
sentimentalize, not -ise.
senza (It.), without ; abbr.
sen.
S.e.O,0, (Fr.), sauf erreur
OH omission (errors or
omissions excepted).
Seoul, cap. of Korea, not
Seul, Soul.
separator, not -er.
separatrix (typ.), the
diagonal stroke, used in
proof correction to mark
and separate alterations,
separat/um (typ.), a
reprint of one of a series
of papers ; pi, -a.
sepoy (not cap.).
Sept., September, Septua-
gint, not Sep.
septemvirj (Lat.), pi. -/.
349
SEPTICEMIA — SEXAGESIMA
septioaemia, blood-poison-
ing, not -emia.
septimana (Lat.), a week.
Septuagesima Sunday,
third before Lent.
Septuagint/, abbr. Sept. ;
— Version, abbr. TiXX
(no point).
sept/um, pi. -a.
Sepulchre (Church of
St.), not -'s.
sepultus (Lat.), buried ;
abbr. S.
seq., sequens (the follow-
ing), sequente (and in
what follows), sequitur
(it follows) ; seqq., se-
quenteSj sequentia (the fol-
lowing), sequentibus (in
the following places).
sequelja (Lat.), a result;
pi. -as.
sequenjs (Lat. m. f. n.
sing.), the following, abbr.
seq, ; 'te, and in what
follows, abbr. seq, ; 'tes
(Lat. m. and f. pi.),
'iia (n.pl.), the following,
abbr. seqq, ; -tibuSy in
the following places, abbr.
seqq,
sequitur (LsLt.), it follows ;
abbr. seq.
S.E.R., South-Eastern
Railway, now S.E. &
C.R.
sSracI (Fr. m.), of a glacier ;
pi. -s.
seraglio/, a harem ; pron.
se-ral'yo, pi. -a.
seraph/, pi. -a ; Heb. pi.
-im, not -ims.
Serb., Serbian.
sere, use sear.
serecloths, use cere-*.
serge, large candle, use
cierge*.
Sergeant, use Seij-.
Sergeant (Mi aa Adeline),
writer (see also Sarg-).
seriatim (Lat.), serially.
series, abbr. S.
serif (typ.), the short fine
lines at the ends of the
terminating strokes of
rom. and ital. type.
Seringapatam, Mysore.
serio-comic (hyphen).
Seijeant, not Serg- ; abbr.
Seij.
sermonize, not -ise.
serra (Port.), sierra, moun-
tain range.
ser/um,/>/. -a.
Serv., Servia, -n.
serviceable, not -cable.
serviette (Fr.f.),a napkin,
a towel (not itaL).
servitor, not -er.
sesquipedalia verba
(Lat.), very long words.
sess., session.
Session (Court of), su-
preme Sc. Court, not
Sessions ; — (Parlia-
mentary) (caps.).
sestet, not sex-.
set, abbr. s.
set-off (typ.), the transfer
of ink from one printed
sheet to another (hy-
phen).
Settlement (Stock Ex.)
(cap.).
settler, one who settles
{see settlor).
settlor (law), one who
makes a settlement {see
settler).
88t-up (typ.), to compose
(hyphen).
Setzer {G&r. typ. m.),a com-
positor; Sete/ei!l/er(m.),
a printer's error.
Seul, Korea, use Seoul.
Ssvastopol, use Seb-.
Sevenoaks, Kent (one
word).
S6vign6 (Madame de),
1626-96, Fr. writer.
Sdvres porcelain.
sewed (binding), books
sewed and pasted in paper
covers ; abbr. sd.
sewin, salmon-trout, not
-en.
Sexagesima Sunday,
the second before Lent.
350
SEXTERN — SHEPPEY
sextem (typ.)? six sheets
of paper.
sextet, use ses-.
sexto (typ.), a book in
which the sheets are
folded into six (a half-
sheet of twelves), usually
9X7Va Jn., abbr. 6to;
sexto- deoimo, ditto into
sixteen, usually 7x5 in.
(hyphen), abbr. 16ino,
read sixteenmo.
sexualize, not -ise.
S.P.A., Scottish Football
Association.
sfbrzjando, -ato (It.
mus.), with sudden em-
phasis on a chord or note ;
abbr. sfz.
S.G., Solicitor-General.
Sgauarelle, a character
in Moliere's comedies.
B.g.d.g. (Fr.), sans garantie
du gouvemement (with-
out Government guar-
antee).
sgrafiato (art.)
*s Qravenhage, Dutch for
The Hague.
shadoof, Egypt, water-
raising apparatus, not -uf.
shagreen, tanned skin of
fish, sharks, etc.
Shahabad, Bengal, Bom-
bay, Kashmir, Punjab.
Shairp (Prin. J. C),
1819-85, writer.
Shakespear/e (William) ,
1564- 16 16, abbr. Shak. ;
-ean, not the many varia-
tions.
Shakespeare Society
(the), but the ISTew
Shakspere Society.
shako/, mil. head-dress, not
sch- ; pi. -s.
shallot*, a kind of onion,
not esch-, sch-, schalot.
shammy - leather, use
chamois *.
shandrydan, a rickety
conveyance, «o/-dery-.
Shanghai, China.
shan't (typ.), to be close
up, one apos. only, first
omission being unmarked,
shapeable, not -pable.
shareholder (one word).
sharp (mus.), sign %.
Sharp (Becky), in ' ' Vanity
Fair" ; — (Granville),
1734-1813, abolitionist ;
— (James), 1618-79,
architect.
Sharpe(C.K.),i78i-i85i,
virtuoso; — (Samuel),
1 799-1881, Bib. scholar.
shaykh, use sheikh,
sheaf,/*/, sheaves,
shear, to cut {see also
sheer),
shearwater, a bird (one
word).
sheath (noun).
sheathe (verb).
shebeen (Irish), unlicensed
house selling spirits,
sheer-hulk, not shear-.
Sheer Thursday, not
Shere — .
sheet (typ.), one of the
separate pieces of definite
size in which paper is
made,
sheets (in) (typ.), not
folded, or if folded not
bound.
Sheffield (Earl of),
sheikh (Arab.), a chief,
not -ik, -yk.
shekarry, use shikaree.
Shelburne (Earl of) {see
also Selborne).
sheldrake, not shell-,
shellac, a gum, not -ack,
shelac, shelack.
Shelley (Percy Bysshe),
1792-1822, poet,
shelv/e, -ing, -y.
Shemite, use Semite.
Shepheard*sHotel,Cairo.
Shepherd's Bush, Lon-
don.
shepherd's/ dog,— purse
(apos.).
Sheppard (Jack), 1702-
24, highwayman.
Sheppey (Isle of).
351
SHEPTON" — SIDE
SheptonMallet,Somerset.
Sheraton (Thomas^,
1 751-1806, furniture
designer.
Sherborn (C. Davies),
author of " Index Ani-
malium"; — (C. W.),
engraver.
Sherborne (Baron).
Sherborne, Dorset, Glos.
Sherbourne, Warwick.
Sherburn, Dur, Yorks.
Shere Thursday, use
Sheer — .
sberif, Mohammedan title,
not -eef.
sheriff, county officer.
Sherpnr, India.
shew, use show except in
Sc. law, and Bib. and
Prayer Book citations.
shewbread, except in
Scrip, use show-,
sheyk, use sheikh,
shieling. Highland hut.
Shifhal, Salop.
Shiites, followers of Ali.
shikaree (Ind.), a hunter,
not the many variations ;
pron. shi-kar^6.
Shikarpnr, India.
shillelagh, Irish cudgel,
not the many variations,
shilling/, -s, abbr. s. (not
ital.) or I- ; — mark
(typ.),/-
shilly-shally/, -ing.
sbintiyaa, loose trousers
of Moslem women.
Shinto/, -ism, indigenous
Jap.religion,no/Sintoo,-u.
sMp/building, -owner,
-shape (one word).
ships* names (typ.), to be
roman double-quoted, and
not italic.
Shipston - on - Stour,
Worcs (hyphens).
Shire/brook, Derby ;
-coates, Notts ; -hamp-
ton, Glos ; -newton,
Mon (one word),
shoe/, -ing.
Sholapiir, Bombay.
Shooter's Hill, Kent,
short/ and (typ.), the
ampersand, & ; — letters,
a, e, etc.
short/ ton, 2000 lb. ; abbr.
s.t.; — vowel (typ.), d, /,
etc.
shoulder - notes (typ.),
marginal notes at the top
outer corner of the page.
shouldst (typ.), to be close
up, no apos.
shovel/, -led, -ler, -ling,
-ful, pi. -fuls.
show, see shew,
showbread, shew- only
in Scrip.
showroom (one word).
shrillness,
shrivel/, -led, -ling.
Shropshire, abbr. Salop
(no point).
Shrovetide, from the Sat.
evening before to Ash-
Wednesday morning.
S.H.S., Societatis Historix
Socius (Fellow of the
Historical Society).
shumac, use sumac.
S.h.v., sub hac voce or hoc
verbo (under this word).
sbwanpan, Ch\nQs& abacus,
shy/, -ly, -ness, not shi-.
S.I., Sandwich Islands,
Seine-Inferieure, Staten
Island (N.Y.).
Si, silicon.
sialogogue, no/ siala-.
Sib., Siberia, -n.
sibilant,
sibyl/, a prophetess ; -line
{see also Sybil).
Sic, Sicily, -ian.
[s/c] (Lat.), thus, so (print
in brackets).
sice, use syce.
slclllenne (a /a), (Fr.),
in Sicilian style (not cap.).
sic passim (Lat.), thus,
here and there.
Sicut ante (Lat.), as before,
side-notes (typ.), those in
the outer margin, same as
marginal notes (hyphen).
35a
SIDEWALK — SIN"
sidewalk, the footpath
(one word).
Sidgwick (Henry), 1838-
1900, writer on ethics
{see also Se-).
Sidi, a negro, not Siddee,
Seedy.
sihcle (Fr. m.), century ;
abbr. s.
Siegfried, a " Nibelungen-
lied " hero, not Sig-.
siehe (Ger.), see ; abbr. 8.
Sienkiewlcz (Henryk),
1846-, Polish writer.
Sienna, in It. Siena.
siesta/ (Sp.), pi. -s.
Sieveking (Sir E. H.),
1816-1904, physician.
Si faiti (Fr.), yes, indeed !
Sig., Signor, -i.
sig., signature.
Sigfried, use Sieg-.
Sigilllum (Lat.), a seal ; pi
-a,pron. si-jiF-.
sign/, -ed, abbr. s.
signal/, -ize, -led, -ler,
-Ung, -ly.
signatory, not -ary.
signature/ (mus.), the key
sign at beginning of the
stave ; (typ.) to an article
or document, usually in
caps, and s.caps. ; — of
sheets, usually s.caps. at
foot of first page of sheet,
three ems from eitherside,
or in centre. Begin text
with B, and omit j, v, w.
When the alphabet is
exhausted, duplicate the
letters as 2 a, 3 a, etc.
The American plan of
numbering the sheets i,
2, 3, etc., is recom-
mended ; it is simpler,
and has been adopted
in many recent English
books. Abbr. sig.
signed, abbr. s.
Signorl (It.), Mr., pi -/,
abbr. Sig. ; -a, Mrs., pi
-e; -ina. Miss,/)/, -inc.
signs, see ecclesiastical,
proof corr. marks, etc.
Sikanderabad, India, use
Secund-.
Sikes (Bill), in "Oliver
Twist," not Sy-.
Sikkim, E. Himalayas.
Silbe (Ger. f.), syllable
(cap.).
siliceous, not -ious.
silicon, symbol Si.
sillabub, not silli-, sy-.
Sillery, a champagne.
sillometer, a speed
measurer, not silo-.
silvan, use sy-.
silver, symbol Ag {ar-
gentum).
s*II vous plait (Fr.), if you
please ; abbr. s.v.p.
S.I.M., Serjeant Instructor
of Musketry.
simile/, a resemblance ; pi
-s, not -ies.
simile (It. mus.), in the
same manner.
simllla simlllbus curan-
tar (Lat.), like cures like.
similiter (Lat.), in like
manner.
simitar, use scimitar*.
Simla, Punjab.
■ Simms ( W. G.), 1806-70,
American writer {see also
Sims).
simoom, not -oon.
Simpkin, Marshall, &
Co., Ltd., booksellers,
London.
Simpllclter (Lat.), abso-
lutely, without qualifica-
tion.
Simpson (Sir J. Y.),
181 1-70, first used chloro-
form as anaesthetic ; —
(Thomas), 1710-61,
math, (see also Simson).
Sims (Q. K.), 1847-,
pen-name " Dagonet "
{see also Simms).
Simson (Robert), 1687-
1768, editor of "Euclid"
(5^^ also Simpson).
slmulacrjum (Lat.), an
image ; pi -a,
sin, sine (no point).
353 23
SIN. — SKAGEB
sin. (It. mus.), sinistra
(left hand).
Sind, Bombay, not -e, -h,
Scinde.
Sindbad, the sailor, not
Sinb-.
Sindhia of Gwalior
(Maharajah),
Sindi/, Sind native ; pi. -S.
Bine (math.), abbr. sin.
sinej (Lat.), without ; —
anno, without the date,
abbr. s.a. ; — cura,
without office ; — die,
without a day (being
named), abbr. s.d. ; —
dubiOf — doubt ; —
invidia, — envy; —
ioco, anno, vei nom-
ine, — place, year, or
name, abbr. s.l.a.n, ; —
ioco et anno, — place
and date (said of books
without imprints) ; —
mora, — delay ; —
nomine, — (printer's)
name, abbr. S.n. — odio,
— hatred ; — prole, —
issue, abbr. S.p. ; — qua
non, an indispensable
condition, not — qua — .
sing., singular.
Singalcademie, Berlin
(f., one word, cap.).
Singalese, use Cin- *.
Singapore, Straits Settle-
ments.
Singapur, Madras {see also
Singh-).
sing/e, -ed, -eing.
Singh, Ind. title, as Ran-
jit Singh, not -ng.
Singhalese, use Cinga-*.
Singhpur, Bombay, and
Central Pro v. {see also
Singa-).
singiilatJm (Lat.), one
by one.
singular, abbr. s., or
sing.
Sinhalese, use Cinga-*.
sinistra (It. mus.), left
hand ; abbr. S., or sin,
Minus, a fold ; pi. same.
Sioux, N. Amer. Indian;
pi. same, pron. soo.
siphon, not sy-.
siquis (Lat.), if anyone.
Sir, (typ.) for printed let-
ters to be indented one
em ; if a line by itself,
caps, and s.caps. (cap.,
comma, no dash).
Sirdar, commander of
Egyptian army.
siren, a sea nymph, also
steam whistle, not sy-.
sirocco, not sc-.
sirup, use sy-.
sister-in-law (hyphens).
Sistine Chapel, etc., not
Six-.
Sisyph/us, -ean.
sit (Lat.), let it be so.
Sitapur, Oudh.
situs (Lat. s. and pi.), a site.
Siwalik Hills, India, not
Siv-.
Six Mile Bottom, Cambs
(three words).
Sixmilebridge, Co. Clare
(one word).
sixte, a fencing parry, etc.
sixteenmo (typ.), a book
with sixteen leaves to the
sheet, usually about 7x5
in. (one word), a sexto-
decimo; abbr. 16mo.
sixty-fourmo(typ.), abook
with sixty-four leaves to
the sheet, usually about
3V2X2V4 in. (hyphen);
abbr. 64mo (no point).
sizable, not -eable.
sizar, an assisted student.
size copy (binding), a
dummy of blank paper
to show size of bound
book.
sizes of type, see type,
and the various names.
S. J., Society of Jesus (Je-
suits).
S.J.C. (U.S.A.), Supreme
Judicial Court.
Skager-Rack, North Sea
(caps., hyphen), not the
many variations.
354
SKEAN — S.M J).
skean-dhu, Scotch dirk.
skee, see ski.
skein, of silk, etc., not -ain,
-ean.
skeleton type, » face of type
wicb *.>iiTi light iiues, as this.
skeptic, use sc-.
Skerryvore lighthouse.
ski/, a runner attached to
the foot for snow, not
skee; pi. -B,pron. skee.
skiagraph. X-ray photo-
graph, not scia-, scio-,
skio-.
ski-ing, using skis (hy-
phen).
skilful, not skill-.
skinflint, a miser (one
word).
skiver (binding), the grain
side of a split sheep-
skin.
Skt., Sanskrit.
skulk, not SC-.
skull, to row, use sc-.
skull-less (hyphen, 3 /'s).
Skuptschina, Servian
National Assembly.
Skutari, use Sc-.
Skye terrier (cap. S).
skyey, not skiey.
S.Xj., serjeant-at-law.
slaked lime, not slack .
Slamannan, Stirlingshire
(3 «'s).
S,l.a.n., stne loco, anno, vel
nomine (without place,
date, or name).
slap-dash, oflf-hand (hy-
phen).
S. lat., south latitude.
Slatin (Sir Rudolf C),
1857-, — Slatin Pasha
— Insp.-Gen. of Sudan.
Slav/ic, -onian, -onic, of
the Slavs, not Sc- ; abbr.
Slav (no point).
sld., sailed.
sled, sledge, a sleigh for
merchandise.
sleigh, a carriage on run-
ners for snow.
sleight, of hand, not sli-.
sleuth-hound (hyphen).
slew round, use slue — .
slip proofs, see proof,
galley or slip.
slipshod (one word).
Sloan (Tod), Am er. jockey.
Sloane (Sir Hans), 1660-
1753, naturalist.
sloid, manual training, not
-jd, -yd.
sloping fractions (typ.),
those with an oblique
stroke as ^2 (^^^ ^^•so frac-
tions).
sloth (200I.).
Slough, near Windsor ;
pron. as in how.
slough, to shed ; pron. sluf.
sloyd, use sloid.
S,I.p,j sine legititna prole
(without lawful issue).
slu/e round, to rotate, not
slew — ; -ing.
slyly, not sli-.
slype, the passage between
south transept and chap-
ter house.
S.M., Senior Magistrate,
Serjeant- or Staff-Major,
Short Metre, Sons of
Malta, State MiHtia, (Fr.)
Sa Majeste\ (Ger.) Seine
Majestdt, (It.) Sua Maestd,
(Sp.) Su Magestad (His
Majesty).
Sm, samarium.
small capitals, see capi-
tals (small).
small paper (typ.), the
ordinary copies of a book
of which a large-paper
edition is issued ; abbr.
S.P.
small pica (typ.), a size
of type as this. Ten
and a half point and
seven hnes to the
inch ; abbr. s.p.
smallpox (one word).
Smalls, Oxford " Respon-
sions" Examination.
S.M.D. (mus.). Short Metre
Double.
355 23*
S.M.E. — SOL.
S.M.E., Sanda Mater
Ecclesia (Holy Mother
Church), School of Mili-
tary Engineering.
Smelfungus, Sterne's
name for Smollett (one /).
smelling-salts (hyphen).
smell-less (hyphen).
smelt, not smelled.
smelt, a small sea fish {see
also smolt).
S.M.I. (Fr.), Sa Majeste
Imperiale (His, or Her,
Imperial Majesty).
Smijth(Sir W. Bowyer-),
1840-.
Smith (Sir Sidney), 1764-
1840, defend, of St. Jean
d'Acre ; — (Sydney),
1771-1845, wit.
Smithsonian Institu-
tion, Washington, U.S. A. ;
abbr. Smith. Inst.
S.M.M., Sancta Mater Maiia
(Holy Mother Mary).
smok/e, -able, -y.
Smollett (Tobias G.),
I72i(?)-7i, writer,
smolt, a young salmon {see
also smelt),
smooth/, -s, not -e, -es.
smoulder, not smol-.
S.m.p., sine mascula prole
(without male issue).
S.M.S. (Ger.), Seiner Ma-
jestdtSchiff{}iiis Majesty's
Ship).
Smyrniot, of Smyrna.
Smyth (Sir H. A.), 1825-,
General.
Smythe(Sir J.W.), 1827-.
Sn, stannum (tin).
S,n,, sine nomine (without
name).
snapdragon (one word),
snead, a scythe handle, not
the many variations.
Sneyd, />ro«. sneed.
snipe, sing, and plural.
snivel/, -led, -ling,
snow (naut), abbr. s.
S.O., Stationery Office,
sub-office.
8.0., seller's option.
356
So-and-so (Mr.), (cap.,
h3'phens).
Soane's (Sir John) mu-
seum.
Sobranje, Bulgarian Na-
tional Assembly, not -ye.
sobriquet, not soub- (not
ital.); pron. so'bre-ka.
Soc, Society, Socrates.
so-called (hyphen only in
adjectival form).
Socialist (cap.) ; abbr. (Si)
socialize, not -ise.
SOCiSUj (Fr. f.), society;
— anonyme, limited
liability company ; So-
ci6ti des Bibliophiles
francoiSy founded 1820,
not franfais (I.e./).
Society, abbr. S., or Soc.
sociol., sociology.
Soc. Isl., Society Islands.
SOCiusj (Lat.), Fellow, As-
sociate, abbr. S. ; — cri-
tnittis, associate in crime.
Socotra, Indian Ocean, not
-ora, Sok-.
Socrates, 469-399 b.c, not
Sok-.
sodium, symbol Na {na-
trium).
Sodom and Gomor/rah,
Old T. ; in New T. -rha.
Sodor and Man (Bp. of).
saeur de ciiaritS (Fr. f.),
a Sister of Mercy.
soffit, under-surface of
arch.
Soja, use Sufi.
S. of M., School of Mus-
ketry ; S. of T., Sons of
Temperance.
SOftat Moham. student.
sogenannt (Ger.), so-
called ; abbr. sog.
soi-disant, self-styled (hy-
phen, not ital.).
soiree/, an evening party;
— dansante, ditto with
dancing ; — musicale,
ditto music (not ital.).
Sokrates, use Soc-.
Sol (Lat.), the sun (cap.),
Sol., Solomon.
SOL. — SOUTH
sol., solicitor, solution,
solan goose, the gannet,
not -andf -en, -ent.
solati/um (Lat.), compen-
sation ; pi. -a.
sola topee (Ind.), a sun
helmet, not solar-.
soldjo, It. halfpenny ; pi. -/.
solecize, not -ise.
solemnize, not -ise.
solen, a mollusc.
sol-fa (mus.) (hyphen).
Solicitor-General (caps.,
hyphen); abbr.Sol.-Gen.
solicitude, in Fr. f. soil-.
solid (typ.), matter set
without leads.
SOlidarltS (Fr. f.), soli-
darity.
solid/us (Lat.), shilling ;
pi. -i, abbr. s. (not ital.) ;
(typ.) the shiUing stroke,/;
also used for fractions,
soliloquize, not -ise.
solmization (mus.), not
-sation.
sol/o, abbr. S. ; pi. -03, It.
mus. pi. -/.
soil US (theat.), fern, -a,
alone.
solvable, not -eable, -ible.
Somaliland (one word).
somebody, somehow
(one word).
some one (two words).
Somerby, Leics, Lines,
somersault, not -set.
Somersby, Lines, birth-
place of Tennyson,
some/thing, -what,
-where (one word).
somme (Fr. m.), sleep; (f.)
a sum.
Son (the), as Deity (cap.)i
son, abbr. s.
sonata/ (mus.), pi. -s.
Sondes (Earl, not of).
Song of Solomon, abbr.
Song of Sol.
songs (titles of) (typ.),
when cited, to be rorfian
double-quoted,
son-in-law (hyphens) ; pi.
sons- .
Sonnenschein&Co., Ltd.
(Swan), publishers, Lon-
don (no point after
Swan).
Son of/ God, Man
(caps.).
soochong, use sou-,
soofee, use suii.
S.O.P., Staff Officer of
Pensioners.
Sop., soprano, -s.
sophomore (U.S.), second-
year student, not sophi-.
sopra (It.), above; come
— , as above,
sopran/o (mus.), Eng. />/.
-OS, It. pi. -/; abbr. S.,
or Sop.
Sorbonne (Palais de la),
Paris.
s'orienter (Fr.), to take
one's bearings, to gain
information about.
sorrel (bot.), not -ell.
SO-SO, passable (hyphen).
SOttOJ (It.), under ; — voce,
in an undertone, pron.
vo'chg.
souj (Fr. m.), halfpenny,
pi. 'S ; gros — , penny,
soubrette, maid-servant.
soubriquet, use sob-,
souchong, a tea, not soo-.
Soudan/, -ese, use Sud-.
SOUfflS (Fr. m.), very light
milk pudding.
souffleur (Fr. m.), theat.
prompter.
Soult (K".-J. de D.), 1769-
185 1, Fr. marshal.
soup con, a taste, a very
small quantity (not ital.).
SOUpe (Fr. f.), broth.
soupe de Vlade (Fr. f.),
mulligatawny soup.
souper (Fr. m.), supper,
not -pe.
souris (Fr. m.), smile ; (f.)
mouse,
south/, -em, abbr. S. (see
also compass).
South Africa/, -n, abbr.
S.A. ; — America/,
-n, abbr. S. Amer. ;
357
SOUTH — SPHI]S^X
South Australia/, -n,
abbr. S. Austral.; —
Carolina, S.C. ; — Da-
kota, S.Dak. (off.).
Southdo^wn, sheep and
mutton (one word).
South Downs, Hants, etc.
(two words).
south-east (hyphen), abbr.
S.E. (5^^ also compass).
southern, abbr. S.
Southey (Kobert), 1774-
1843, Poet Laureate.
Southwark, or "The
Borough," Surrey; pron.
sCith'erk {th soft).
Southwell (Bp. of), pron.
suth'el {th soft).
south- west(hyphen),abbr.
S. W. {see also compass).
sou'wester, sailor's hat.
sovereign/, -s, abbr. sov.
Soyer (Alexis), 1809-58,
chef.
S.P. (typ.), small paper, or
the ordinary copies of a
book of which a large-
paper edition is issued.
Sp., Spain, Spanish.
sp., specieSjSpecimen, spirit.
S.p., short page, small pica
(type), starting price ;
S.p., sine prole (without
issue).
spaces (typ.), blanks for
placing between letters,
words, or lines.
spadeful/, pi. -s.
spahee,Turk. horse-soldier,
not -hi.
Spain, abbr. Sp.
spandrel (arch.), «o/-il.
Spanish, abbr. Sp. ; (typ.)
alphabet consists of 27 let-
ters, including the sounds
cA, //, and «, but does not
include k and w. II and
rr must not be separated.
The portion carri^ over
to begin with a consonant.
Notes of exclam. and in-
terrog. are inverted before
and upright after their
phrases. Caps, much less
used than in Eng. n must
never be substituted for fl.
Small caps, and italic as in
Eng. Accents are much
used.
Spanish n (;1), " curly «,"
or "« with the tilde";
pron. as ni in onion.
S.P.A.S., Societatis Philo-
sophtge Americanae, Socius
(Fellow of the Amer.
Philosophical Society).
S.P.C., Society for the
Prevention of Crime ;
S.P.C.K., Society for
Promoting Christian
Knowledge.
spec, special, -ly, specific,
-ally, -ation, spectrum.
SpicialitS (Fr. f.), a spec-
iality (ital.).
speciality, not -Ity.
specialize, not -ise.
species, 5i«^. and/)/. ; abbr.
sp. {see also botany,
zoology),
specific gravity, abbr. sp.
gr. ; (typ.) put in figures,
specimen, abbr. sp.
spectr/um, pi. -a; abbr.
spec,
speculat/e, -or.
specul/um, />/. -a.
speech (break in), see
punctuation, X.
spelaean, cave-dwelling,
not -can.
spelt, not spelled.
spence, a larder, not -se.
spencer, an overcoat.
Spencer (Earl, not of).
Spen/cer(Herbert), 1820-
i903,philos. ; adj.-cerian.
Spen/ser (Edmund),
1552-99, poet ; adj.
-serian.
spew, to vomit, not spue.
Spezia, Italy, not Spezz-.
Spezzia, Greece. "
S.P.G-., Society for the
Propagation of the Gospel,
sp. gr., specific gravity.
spherical, abbr. s.
sphinx/, not sphy- ; pi. -es.
358
SPICK — S.S.C.
spick-and-span, adj. (hy-
phens).
Spiegeleisen (Ger. n.),
specular iron.
spinach, not -age.
spinney, a thicket, not -ny.
Spinozism, the system of
Spinoza (cap.).
spiraea (hot.).
spirit, abbr. sp.
spiritualize, not -ise.
spirt, use spu-.
Spithead (one word).
Spitzbergen, not Spits-.
splendider Satz (Ger.
typ. m.), widely-spaced
or leaded matter.
split fractions, see frac-
tions.
split infinitive, the sep-
aration of "to" from the
verb by an adverb, as
"he used to often say."
Objected to by many, but
frequently used in O.E.D.
S.P.M. (mus.), Short Par-
ticular Metre.
spode china.
Spohr (Louis), 1784-1859,
composer.
SpOliaj (Lat.), spoils ; —
opitaa, the richest spoils ;
also trophy won by
generals of opposing
armies in single combat.
spoliation, not spoil-.
spoonful/, pi. -s.
spoony, foolishly fond, not
-ey.
sporan, the kilt pouch,
not -rran.
Sposja (It.), a bride, pi. -e;
-O, bridegroom, pi. -/.
S.P.Q.R., SenatusPopulus-
que Romanus (the Senate
and Roman people) ; small
profits and quick re-
turns.
S.P.R., Society for Psychi-
cal Research.
sprightly, not spritely.
spring (season of) (not
cap.).
sprinklededges(binding),
cut edges of books finely
sprinkled with colour.
S.P.R.Ii., Society for the
Promotion of Religion and
Learning.
Sprouston, Kelso.
Sprowston, Norwich.
S.p,S., sine prole supersiite
(without surviving issue).
S.P.S.P. (Papal seal), St.
Peter and St. Paul,
spue, use spew,
spurt, not -irt.
Spurzheim (J. G.), 1776-
1832, phrenologist,
sput/um, expectorated
matter ; pi. -a.
sq./, square ; — ft., — feet ;
— in., — inches ; — m.,
— metre, — miles ; — yd.,
— yards (each 5. and pi.).
squalls (naut.), abbr. q.
squar/e, -ing {see also
capitalization, sq.).
square root, sign V.
squeegee, not the many
variations.
squeezable, not -cable.
Squier (E. G.), 1821-88,
Amer. writer.
squilgee, use squeegee.
squirearchy, not -rarchy.
Sr, strontium.
S.R.I., Sacrum Rontanunt
Imperiunt (the Holy
Roman Empire).
Srinagar, India, not Ser-.
S.K.S., Societatis Regix
Sodalis (Fellow of the
Royal Society).
S.S., Sunday school. Secre-
tary of State, steamship,
(Fr.)SaSaw^^//(His Holi-
ness), Straits Settlements.
SS., Saints, (Ger.) Sankt
(saints), Seiten (pages),
(Lat.) sanctissitnus (most
holy).
SS. (med.), half.
S.S., screw steamer, (It.
mus.) sema sordini (with-
out mutes).
S.S.C. (Sc), Solicitor be-
fore the Supreme Courts ;
359
SS.D. — STATUS
Sodeias Sanctx Cruets
(Society of the Holy
Cross).
SS.D., Sattcttsstmus Dom-
intis (Most Holy Lord, i.e.
the Pope).
S.S.£j., south-south-east
{see also compass).
S.S.G.O-,, letters of the
Vehtngericht : Stock, Stein,
Gras, Grein (stick, stone,
grass, groan).
S.S.M., Society of the
Sacred Mission, Squad-
ron Serjeant-Major.
S.S.S.C. (paper), soft-sized,
super-calendered.
S.S.TJ., Sunday School
Union.
S.S.W., south-south-west
{see also compass).
St., Saint; (typ.) always in
alphabetic arrangement
to be placed under Saint,
not St- ; strait, -s, street.
S.t., short ton.
St., stanza, stone, strophe,
(typ.) stet (let it remain %
St. (Ger.), statt (instead of\
Sta (It.), santa (female
saint) (no point).
Staal (baron de), 1822-,
Russ. diplomatist ; —
(baromie de), 1684-
1750, writer {see also
Stael, Stahl).
" Staatsanzeiger,** Ger.
(m.) Official Gazette.
Staats - General, Dutch
legislative assembly.
Stabat Mater (Lat.), the
Mother was standing
(R.C.C. liturgy).
stabbed (binding), a form
of wiring for pamphlets.
staccato, distinct(not ital,).
Stadtholder.Du. governor,
not Stadh-.
Stael (Madame de),
1766- 18 17, Fr. writer {see
also Staal, Stahl).
stafg, pi. -s, or staves
Staffs, Staffordshire.
staghound (one word).
Stagirite (the), Aristotle,
«o/'Stagy-; /'ro/i.staj'e-rlt.
stagy, not -ey.
Stahl (F. J.), i8o2-6i,
writer {see also Staal,
Stael).
staid, solemn, not stayed.
stalactite, deposit on cave
roofs ; Stalagmite, de-
posit on cave floors.
Stalbridge (Baron).
stalemate (chess) (one
word).
stamen/ (bot.), pi. -s.
stamina, power of endur-
ance.
sfa/npa^/o,-a(It.),printed ;
-OrCy a printer.
Stamp 0£Sce (two words).
stanch, not staun-.
standardize, not -ise.
stand/point, -still (one
word).
stannary, a tin mine.
Stannum, tin ; symbol
Sn.
Stanstead, Suffolk.
Stansted, Essex, Kent.
stanz/a, pi. -as. It. pi.
-e ; abbr. st.
star (typ.), the asterisk *.
star/, -red, -ry, -ring.
Starcross, Devon (one
word).
starfish (one word).
starting-point (hyphen).
stat., statuary, statute.
Stat., statim (immediately).
State, government (cap.).
Staten Island, New York,
not Staa- ; abbr. S.I.
statics, is singular.
statim (Lat.), immediately;
abbr. stat.
stationary, fixed.
Stationers* Hall, London
(apos. at end).
Stationery, paper, etc.
statistics, is plural.
statt (Ger.), instead of;
abbr. st.
statuary, abbr. stat.
statuette.
status, rank (not ital.).
360
STATUS — STILE
statu squoj(Lat.), the same
state as now ; ante,
ditto as before.
statute, abbr. stat.
staunch, use stanch.
Staunton (H.), 1810-74,
chess player.
stayed, stopped, noi staid.
S.T.B., Sacrx Theologige
Baccalaureus (Bachelor of
Theology) ; S.T.D., ■
Doctor (Doctor of Theo-
logy)-
Ste (Fr. f.), sainte (female
saint) (no point).
Steadfast, not sted-.-
steamboat (one word).
steam/-engine, ham-
mer (hyphen).
Steamship (one word),
abbr. S.S.
Steel (Flora Annie),
1847-, writer; — (Sir
James), 1830- 1904.
Steele (F. M.), writer;
— (Sir Richard), 1672-
1729, writer.
Steell (Sir John), 1804-
91, sculptor.
steeplechase/, -r,
Steevens (George), 1736-
1800, Shak. writer {^see
also Stephen, Stevens).
Steinberg, a hock.
Steinitz (W.), 1836-1900,
chess player.
stem, abbr. s.
stemmja, a pedigree ; pi.
-ata.
stencil/, -ler, -ling.
step/brother, -child,
-daughter, -father,
-mother, -sister, -son
(each one word).
Stephen (Sir Leslie),
1832-1904, writer (^see also
Steevens, Stevens).
Stephenson (George),
1781--1848, originator of
railways; — (Robert),
1803-59, son of above {see
also Stev-).
steppe, a plain.
Btepping-stone (hyphen).
stereotype (typ.), a cast
or plate taken in stereo-
type metal from a matrix,
as of paper or plaster,
reproducing the form of
the type, plate, etc., from
which the matrix was
made ; abbr. stereo (no
point).
stSreotypie (Fr. f.), stereo-
typing.
sterilize, not -ise.
Sterling (John), 1806-45,
writer (see also Stir-).
sterling, abbr. stg.
Sterne (Laurence, not
Law-), 1713-68, writer.
stet (typ.), a Latin word
meaning let it stand, writ-
ten in the proof margin to
cancel an alteration, dots
being placed under the
word that is to remain ; pi.
stent; abbr. for both st.
Steuart (Sir A. H.
Seton-), 1856- ; —
(J. A.), 1861-, writer {see
also Stewart, Stuart).
Stevens (Alfred), 1818-
75, sculptor {see also
Steevens, Stephen).
Stevenson (Robert),
1772-1850, lighthouse
engineer ; — (Robert
Louis), 1850-94, writer
{see also Stephenson).
Stewart, fam. name Earl of
Galloway ; — (Dugald),
1 753-1828, metaph. ; —
(Sir H. J. U.), 1872- ;
—(Sir J. M.),i83o-i905;
— (Sir M. H. Shaw-),
1854- ;— (Sir M. J. M.),
1831-1900 ;— (Sir N.R.),
1851- ; — (Sir R. C),
1836- {see also Steuart,
Stuart).
stg., sterling.
Stibium, symbol Sb.
stich, a verse ; pron. stik.
stigma/, a brand ; pi. -s.
stigmatize, not -ise.
stile over a fence {see also
Style).
361
STILETTO — STBUTT
stiletto/, pi. -8.
stillborn (one word).
stLllness.
Stilton cheese (cap.).
stimie (golf), use sty-.
stimiil/us, />/. -i.
stip., stipend, -iary.
stirk, a young ox or cow,
not ste-, stu-.
Stirling, Stirlingshire.
Stirling (J. Hutchison,
not Hutchin-), 1820-,
metaph. {see also Ster-).
stirpjs (Lat.), lineage ; pi.
-es.
Stock Exchange (caps.) ;
abbr. S/E.
stockholder (one word).
stockinet, an elastic fabric,
not -ette, -inget.
stoicheio/logy, -metry,
the doctrine of elements,
not stoechio-, stoichio-.
stokehold(naut.),«o/-hole.
ston/e, abbr. st. ; -y.
Stoneleigh, Kenilworth.
Stonely, St. Neots.
Stonyhurst College,
Lanes.
stoop, flagon, platform, not
-oup.
Stopgap (one word).
storey, use story.
Storey's Gate, London,
S.W. (apos.).
Storied, not -yed.
storiologist, a folklorist.
Storthing, legislative as-
sembly of Norway.
stor/y, of a building or a
tale, not -ey ; pi. -ies.
story/-book, — -teller,
telling (h3rphens).
stoup, use stoop.
stow^away (one word).
S.T.P., Sacrae Theologiae
Professor (Professor of
Sacred Theology).
Strachan, ^n>M. strawn.
Strachey (Sir Edward),
1858- ; — (Sir E. P.),
1871- ; Strachey (Sir
John), 1 823-; — (Sir
Hichard), 1817-1908.
Stradbroke (Earl of).
Stradivarius, an instru-
ment made by Antonio
Stradivari or Antonins
Stradivarius, of Cre-
mona, 1650-1737.
Strafford (Earl of).
straight accents (typ.),
the long accents, as «, e.
Straightforward (one
word).
strait/, -s, when with name
to be cap. ; abbr. St.
straitZ-laced, — -waist-
coat, not straight (hy-
phens).
Stranraer, Wigtown.
Strasburg, in Fr. Stras-
bourg, in Ger. Strass-
burg. '
Stratford de Redcliffe
(Viscount), 1 786-1880,
diplomatist.
Stratford-on-Avon (hy-
phens).
strathspey, Sc. dance.
strato-cirrus (meteor.),
use cirro-stratus.
Strat/um, a layer ; pi. -a.
strat/us, a low layer of
cloud, pi. -i ; abbr. s.
Streatfeild,fam. name, not
-ield.
street (typ.), name of, to
have initial caps., as Re-
gent Street ; spell out
when a number, as Fifth
Avenue ; number of
house in, not to be
followed by any point, as
6 Fleet Street ; in jour-
nalism, hyphen and lower-
case r usual, as Regent-
street ; abbr. St.
stri/a, a stripe ; pi. -m,
Stticbpunkt (Ger. m.),
semicolon (cap.).
Strong (Sir S. H.), 1825-
1909, judge.
Stronge (Sir J. H.), 1849-.
Stronsay, Orkneys.
strontium, symbol Sr.
Strutt, fam. name of Barons
Belper and Rayleigh.
36a
STBUWWELPETER " — SUEDOISE
•* Stmwwelpeter," Ger.
child's book,
strychnine, not -in.
S.T.S., Scottish Text Soc.
Stuart, fam. name of Earl
of Moray and Baron Blan-
tyre; — (House of) ; —
(Sir E. A.), 1832- ;
— (Leslie) , comooser ; —
(Sir S. H. Ii.), 1*864- {see
also Steuart, Stewart).
Stuck (Ger. n.), a piece.
Studio/, pi. -s.
stumbling - block (hy-
phen).
Btupe^, ftot -ify.
Sturm- und Drang-Pe-
riode (Ger.), storm and
stress period : 1775-1800.
Stuttgart, not Stfl-, -ard.
sty, not stye.
Stygian, of the river Styx.
style, custom, manner ; but
stile over a fence.
style of the house (t}^?.),
thecustora of each printing
establishment as to use of
caps., itaHc, spelling, etc.
stymie (golf), «o/stimie, -y.
Styx, a river in Hades.
Suabia, use Swa-.
Suakin, Red Sea, not -im.
sub., subaltern, subscrip-
tion.substitute, suburb,-an.
sub (Lat.), under.
subahdar (Ind.), a native
captain.
subaltern, abbr. sub.
SUbaudi (Lat.), under-
stand, supply ; abbr. sub.
sub-bass (hyphen).
sub/ deacon, -dean,
-divide (one word).
sub-edit/, -or, -orial (hy-
phen).
subfusc/, -ous, dark.
sub-genus (hyphen).
sub-headings, see head-,
ings (sub-).
SUbj., subject, -ive, -ively,
subjunctive.
sub judice (Lat.), under
consideration.
subjunctive, abbr. subj.
sub-kingdom (hyphen).
sublet (one word).
sub-lieutenant (hyphen).
Sublime Porte, Turkish
Court and Government.
sub modo (Lat.), in a
qualified sense ; sub-
poBna, under penalty, not
-pena (one word, not ital. ) ;
sub rosa, privately,
subscription, abbr. sub.
subsection (one word) ;
abbr. subsec
subsidize, not -ise.
subj sigillo (Lat.), in the
strictest confidence ; —
silentio, in silence,
sub-species (hyphen).
subst., substantive.
substantive, abbr. s., or
subst. {see nouns),
substitute, abbr. sub.
substrat/um, />/. -a.
subtile, fine {see also
subtle),
subtilize, not -ise.
sub-title, a bastard, fly, or
half-title placed before the
full title page,
subtle, insinuating {see also
subtile),
suburb/, -an, abbr. sub.
subl voce or — verbo
(Lat.), under a specified
word ; abbr. s.V.
sub"wray (one word),
succeeded, abbr. s.
succ^sl d'estime (Fr.m.), a
success with more honour
than profit; — fou, an
extravagant success,
such-like (hyphen),
sucking-pig (hyphen).
sud (Fr. m.), south ; abbr. S.
Slid (Ger. m. ) , south ; abbr.
S. (cap.).
Sudan/, -ese, not Sou-.
Sudeley (Baron).
Sudley (Viscount),
su/e, -ed, -ing.
suede, dull-dressed kid, as
for gloves (6).
su6doise{h la), in Swedish
style {6, not cap.).
363
SUFF. — SURFEIT
sufT, suffix.
SUfficlIt (Lat.), it is suffi-
cient ; pi. 'iunt
BUfi.,a Mohammedan mystic,
not sofi, soofee, sophy.
suggestible, not -able.
suggestio falsi (Lat.), an
indirect lie.
suij generis (Lat.), of his,
her,its, or their,own kind ;
— juris, of full age and
capacity.
Suissej (Fr.), native of
Switz., also a porter ;
/em. 'Sse; la Suisse,
Switzerland.
suite, of rooms (not ital.).
suite] (Fr. f.), continuation;
— et fin, conclusion.
SUivrej (a) (Fn), to be con-
tinued; faire — (letters
and parcels) to forward,
(typ.) to run on.
Sully - Prudhomme (R.
F. A.), 1839-, Fr. poet.
sulphur, symbol S.
sulphuretted, not -eted.
Sultan/, /em, -a, abbr.
Suit.
Sultanpur, India.
sum (math.), symbol 2.
sumac (bot.), «o/sh-, -ach.
summ.arize, not -ise.
sum.m.er (not cap.).
summum bonum (Lat.),
the supreme good.
sun, abbr. S.
sun/beam, -bonnet,
-burn (one word).
Sunday, abbr. S., or Sun.
sundial (one word).
sunflower (one word).
sunn, E. Indian fibre.
Sunna, traditionary Mos-
lem law.
Sunni, an orthodox Mos-
lem, not -ee.
Bun/rise, -set, -shade,
-shine, -spot, -stroke
(one word).
SUOJ jure (Lat.), in one's
own right ; — loco, in its
own place.
Bup,, superior, supine.
sup. (Lat.), supra (above).
super., superfine.
super-calendered paper,
highly rolled for dry
printing; abbr. B.C.
supercargo (one word).
superexcellen/ce, -t (one
word).
super-extra (binding), in
the best manner: coloured
end leaves, double head-
bands, etc.
superficialize, not -ise.
superficies, a surface, sing.
and pi.
superfine, abbr. super.
superintendent, abbr.
supt.
superior, abbr. sup.
superior characters
(typ.), those set above
the hne, as ^> -> •» ^
superl., superlative.
superpose, not -ze.
super royal, printing paper
27 Vj X 20^3 in. {see also
books, paper).
supersede, not -cede.
supervise, not -ize.
supervisor, not -er.
supine, abbr. sup.
supp., supplement.
supplement, abbr. supp.
supplicator, not -er.
supposititious, not
-sitious.
suppository, not -ary.
suppressio veri (Lat.),
suppression of the truth.
suppressor, not -er.
supr., supreme.
supra (Lat.), above, for-
merly ; abbr. sup.
supreme (Fr. f.), a method
of cooking.
supt., superintendent.
sur (Fr. prep.), upon; (adj.)
. sour, /em. sure.
SUriFr.), sure, safe.
surah, a thin silk fabric.
Suraj a Dowlah,of Bengal.
Surat, Bombay.
surcingle, a belt.
surfeit/, -er, -ing.
364
SURGEON — SWIN
surg/eon, -ery, -ical,
abbr. surg.
Surgeon- General (hy-
phen) ; abbr. Surg.-Gen.
Surgeons (Royal College
of), abbr. R.C.S.
surmise, not -ize.
surplus, abbr. S.
surprise, not -ize.
surrenderor (law), not
-or.
sursum conJa (Lat.), (lift)
up your hearts.
surtout, an overcoat.
surv., surveying, -or, sur-
viving.
survivor, not -er.
Susanna (Apocr.), no abbr.
suspender, not -or.
suspensio per collum
(Lat.), hanging by the
neck; abbr. SUS. per
coll.
suspensor, not -er.
Susquehanna River,
U.S.A., Ko/-ana.
Sutlej, Punjab river.
Suwanee River, Amer.,
not Swa-.
S.V., Sancta Virgo (Holy
Virgin), Sanctitas Vestra
(Your Holiness), Sons of
Veterans.
S.V., sub voce, or verbo (under
a word or heading, as in
a dictionary).
svastika, use sw-.
svelte (Ft.), elegant.
Svendsen (J. S.), 1840-,
composer.
Sverige, local for Sweden.
S.v.p. (Fr.), s^il vous plait
(if you please).
S.W., Senior Warden,
South Wales, south-west
{see also compass).
South - Western postal
district of London.
Sw., Sweden, -ish.
Sw^abia, not Su-.
Sw^ahili, a people and lan-
guage about Zanzibar.
Swalcliffe, Oxfordshire.
Swaleclifife, Kent.
Swammerdam (Jan),
1637-80, Du. naturalist.
swanpan, use sbw-.
swansdown (one word).
swap, to exchange, «o/-op.
swash letters (typ.),
seventeenth-century ital.
caps, with tails and flour-
ishes, as ^, "2, etc.
swastika, a religious sym-
bol, not SV-.
sw^ath, a line of cut grass.
swathe, to bind.
SAvede, a root (not cap.).
Sweden, abbr. Sw., local
Sverige {see also As-
semblies).
Sweden and Norway, in
this order, not Norway and
Sweden ; local Sverige
och Norge.
Sv?^edish, abbr. Sw. ;
(typ.) alphabet contains
Ger. a, 0. Also the
peculiar "Swedish a"
{A, &) pron. somewhat
as o. In alph. arrange-
ment &, a, o, are put after
z. The acute accent may
be used to mark an ac-
cented syllable.
Sweet (Henry), d. 191 2,
philol. {see also Swete).
sweetbread (cook.) (one
word).
sweetbrier, not -briar (one
word).
sweet/-oil, — -pea (hy-
phens).
sweet-william (bot.)
(hyphen, not caps.).
swell dash (typ. ),Fr. rule,
the *
Swete (H. B.), 1835-, of
Camb., writer {see also
Sweet).
Sweynheim and Pan-
nartz, earliest printers
in Italy.
S.W.G., standard wire
gauge.
Swinburne (A. C), 1837-
1909, poet.
Swin Channel, Thames.
36S
SWINDON — SYZYGY
Swindon, Wilts.
swingeing, a hard (blow).
Swinton, Lanes, Yorks.
Switliin/(St.), Bp. of Win-
chester 852-62; -*sDay,
15 July, not -un.
Switzerland,abbr. Switz. ;
in Fr. la Suisse, in Gar.
die Schweiz, in It.
Svizzera {see also As-
semblies).
swop, use swap.
Sybil, christian name {see
also sibyl).
sycamore (bot.).
syce, noi si-.
sycomore (Bib.).
Sydney Heads, two cliffs.
Sykes, see Si-.
syllabtib, use si-.
syllabus/, pi. -es.
syllogize, not -ise.
sylvan, not si-.
symbolize, not -ise.
sympathize, not -ise.
symposi/um, pi. -a.
syn., synonym, -ous.
synaeresis, gram, contrac-
tion, not -crosis.
synagog/al, -ic.
synchronize, not -ise.
syncope, />roM. sin'kup-6.
syne (aiildlang), the days
long ago.
synonym/, -ous, abbr.
syn. ; -ize, -y, not -e,
-ise, -ey.
synops/is, pi. -es.
synthesize, not -ise.
syphon, use si-.
S37T., Syria, -c, -n.
syren, use si-.
Syriac, abbr. Syr. ; (typ.)
has 22 letters, besides
vowel points, reads from
right to left, and is set
as Hebrew. There are
three forms of type, Es-
trangeio, Jacobite, Nes-
torian.
S3rringe/, -ing, not si-.
syrup, not sirop, -up ; abbr.
syr.
syst., system.
systematize, not -ise.
syzygy (astr.), the moon
being in conjunction or
opposition.
^66
B JSTOTES
367
S NOTES
368
T. — TAINE
T., temperature, Tenor, Ter-
ritory ,Testament,the nine-
teenth in a series, all
proper names with this
initial, (It. mus.) tace (be
silent).
t., ton, -s, town, -ship, tun,
-s, (Fr.) tome (volume),
tonneau (ton), (Lat.) tem-
pore (in the time of),
(mus.) tempo (time),
tenorje, -» (tenor, -s),
(naut.) thunder.
»t (Du.), ftet (the, n.), as
van 't Hoflf.
Ta, tantalum.
Taaffe (Viscount), not
-afe.
T.A.B., Total Abstinence
Brotherhood.
Tabago, use To-,
tabasheer, a plant opal,
not -ir, -achir.
tabbinet, a silk and wool
fabric, not tabi-.
Tabelle] (Ger. typ. f.),
table, index ; pi. -n (cap.).
tablej alpbah6tique (Fr.
typ. f.), index ; — des
matihreSt table of con-
tents.
tableau! (Fr. m.), a picture,
etc., pi. 'X; tableau]
vivantj, pi. -x -s.
table d*n6te, an ordinary;
pi. tables — (not ital.).
tables of contents, see
contents (tables of),
tablespoonful/, pi. -s (one
word).
table work (typ.), colum-
nar matter, with or with-
out rules. The heading
of the table to be outside
the enclosing rules. Small
type and plenty of space is
better than large type and
little space. Headings to
columns look better in
table work (cont.).
smaller tj'pe. The widths
of the columns should be
multiples of the en. The
first line of table page
placed lengthways should
begin at the left-hand foot
of every page and read
upwards.
tabller (Fr. m.), apron.
taboo, forbidden, not -u.
tabour, a small drum, not
-or.
tabu, use taboo.
tabulja (Lat,), a document,
pi. -as ; tabuija rasja, a
blank surface, pi. -as -SB.
tabular w^ork, see table
w^ork.
tabulat/e, -or.
tac-au-taCf a fencing
parry, etc.
tace (It. mus.), be silent ;
abbr. T.
tacks/man (Sc), a lessee,
not tax- ; pi. -men.
tasdium vitas (Lsit.), weari-
ness of life.
Tae-ping, use Tai-.
Tafell (Ger. typ. f.V a
table ; pi. -tt, abbr. Taf.
taffeta, a fabric, not the
many variations.
tag-rag (hyphen).
tags (typ.), direction labels
tail (typ.), the bottom mar
gin {see also margins).
^a///adr^(Fr.cook.), crimped
tailtej (Fr. f.), engraving
also size, etc. ; — douce,
copper-plate engraving.
tailleur (Fr. m.), tailor,
dealer in card games.
tail-piece (typ.), the de
sign at end of a section
chapter, or book.
Tain, Ross-shire.
Taine (Hippolyte), 1828-
93, Fr. historian.
369 24
TAI-PING — TAUBENHAUS
Tai-ping rebellion, 1850-
64, not Tae-.
Tait (A. C.\ 181 1-82, Abp.
of Canterbury ; — (P. Q.)>
1831-1901, physicist {see
also Tate).
Taj Mahal, Agra, noi —
Me-.
Tal (Ger. n.), valley, itoi
now Th-.
Talbot de Malahide
(Baron).
Taler (Ger. m.), coin, not
now Th- ; abbr. Tlr.
Talfourd (Sir T. N.),
1 795-1854, dram.
taUsnian/, pi. -s.
talis quails (Lat), such as
it is.
tall copies, books with
slightly larger margins
than usual, but not large-
paper copies.
Talleyrand - Perigord
(C. M. de), 1754-1838,
Fr. politician.
Tallis (Thomas), 1510?}-
85, composer, not Talys,
Tallys.
tallness.
Talmud, Heb. laws.
Tam., Tamil,
tamable, not -eable.
tambourine, not -in,
-orine.
Tamil, S. Indian language,
not -ul ; abbr. Tam.
Tammany Hall, Amer.
politics (2 w's).
"Tam o* Shanter," poem
by Burns (caps., small o,
apos., no hyphen),
tam-o'-shanter, awoollen
cap (hyphens, apos.).
tan, tangent, -s (no points.
Tanganyika (Lake),
Cent. Afr. (one word),
tangerine orange, not
tangier-.
tangible, not -able.
Tangier, Mor., not -iers.
Tangiers, Haverford-
west.
Taiyore, India.
370
** Tannhauser,** opera by
Wagner ; />ro«. tan-hoi'zr.
tantalize, not -ise (not
cap.),
tantalum, symbol Ta.-
tantl mleux (Fr.), so much
the better; — pis, so
much the worse.
Taoism, doctrine of Lao-
tsze, not Ta-, Ta6- (one
word).
tapis {sur le) (Fr.), under
consideration.
taplsserie (Fr. f.), tapestry.
tar/, -ry.
tarantella, a dance, or its
music.
tarantula, a spider.
Tarbert, Argyl, Harris,
Co. Kerry.
Tarbet, Loch Lomond,
tariff, not -if.
tarlatan, a muslin, not
-etan.
tarpaulin, not -ing.
Tarpeian Rock.
Tarrasch (S.), 1862-,
chess player.
Tartar/, -y. Cent. Asia,
properly Tatar/, -y.
tartare {h la) (Fr. cook.),
w^ith cold mustard sauce.
"Tartuffe," play by Mo-
liere, 1669, not -ufe.
taseometer,instrument for
measuring strains.
tasimeter, instrument for
minute measurements.
Tasm., Tasmania.
ta-ta ! good - bye ! (hy-
phen).
Tatar, see Tartar.
Tate/ (Sir W. H.), 1842- ;
— Gallery, London {see
also Tait).
tatoo, use tattoo,
tatterdemalion, a ragged
fellow, not -ian.
Tattersalls, London (apos-
trophe only in the posses-
sive case).
tattoo, not tatoo.
Taubenhaus (J.), 1850-,
chess player.
TAUBMAN — TENERIFE
Taubman-Goldie (Sir
G. D.), 1846-, founder
R. Niger Co.
Tauchnitz (baron), pub-
lisher, Leipzig.
tau cross, the -]-.
taut (naut.), «o/-ght.
tautologize, not -ise.
tavern, when this word
does not form part of the
title, the name w^hen
cited to be roman double-
quoted, and not ital.
tawny, tan-colour, not -ey.
taxman, see tacks-.
Taylour, family name of
Marquess of Headfort.
tazzja (It. f.), bowl or cup,
pron. tat'sa ; pi. -e.
Tb, terbium.
T.C.D., Trinity College,
Dublin.
Tchad (Lake), Sudan, not
Chad, Tsad.
TchertkoflF (Vladimir),
1854-, Russ. writer.
Tchigorin (T.), 1850-,
chess player.
Tchudi, a Russ. race {see
also Tschudi).
T.E. (U.S.A.), Topo-
graphical Engineer.
Te, tellurium.
Teale(T. Pridgin), 1831-,
surgeon.
Teall (J. J. H.), 1849-,
geologist.
teapot (one word).
tease, not -ze.
teasel(bot.), «o/ -sle,-zel,-zle.
teaspoonful/, pi. -a (one
word).
tech., technical, -ly.
technol., technological, -ly.
techy, peevish, use tetchy.
tedescjo (It. adj.),/^w. -a,
German (not cap.).
tee*d (golf).
teetotal/, -ism, -ler, -ly.
teetotum (one word).
Tegethoff (W.), Austrian
admiral, 1827-71.
Tegetmeier ("W. B.),
i8i6-, writer.
37
Tegner (Esaias), 1782-
1846, Sw. poet.
Teheran, cap. of Persia,
not -hran.
Teichmann (R.), 1868-,
chess player.
Teignniouth,Devon,/>ro«.
teen'muth {see also
Tyne-).
Teil (Ger. m.), a part ; pi.
~e, not now Th- (cap.).
TeUungszeicben (Ger.
typ.), the hyphen, not
Th- (cap.).
teinds (Sc), tithes.
Telford (Thomas), 1757-
1834, eng., not -ourd.
tell-tale (hyphen).
tellurion, orrery, not -ian.
tellurium, symbol Te.
Telugu, Ind. language, not
-oogoo.
"T6m6raire (The Fight-
ing),** picture by Turner,
temp., temperature, tem-
porary.
temp,, tempore (in the time
of).
Tempel(E."W.Ij.), 1821-
89, Ger. astr.
temperature, abbr. T., or
temp.; (typ.) degrees of,
to be in figures, as 70° F.
Templar/ (Knight/), not
-er ; pi. -s -s.
tem/plate, use -plet.
Temple Bar, London (two
words).
templet, a mould or pattern ,
not -plate.
templo{lt. mus.), time; pi.
-/, abbr. t.
tempora mutantur{La.t. ) ,
times are changed.
temporary, abbr. temp.
tempore (Lat.), in the time
of ; abbr. t., or temp.
temporize, not -ise.
Tenasserim, Burma, not
Tenn-.
Ten Commandments
(the) (caps.).
Tenerife (pezik and island
of), not -iffe.
I U*
TENIERS — THAT
Teniera (David), 1582-
1649, ^^^ 1610-90, two
Dutch painters.
Tenison (Thomas), 1636-
1715, Abp. of Canterbury'
(see also Tennyson).
TennantCWilliam), 1 784-
1848, Sc. writer.
Tennasserim, use Tena-.
Tennent (Sir J. E.),
1804-69, writer.
Tennessee, U.S.A. (two
n's, two s's, four e's), off.
abbr. Tenn.
Tenniel (Sir J. T.), 1820-,
^' Punch " cartoonist.
Tennyson (Alfred,
Lord), 1809-93, poet {see
also Tenison).
tenor, not -our.
tenorle (It. mus. m.), tenor ;
pi. -/, abbr. t.
Teplitz, Bohemia, not Top-.
Ter., Terrace.
ter(Lat.), thrice.
terat., teratologj'.
terbium, symbol Tb.
tercel, use tier-.
Teresa (St.), «o/Th-.
tergiversat/e, -ion, -or.
termination, abbr. term,
terminator, not-er.
terminology, abbr. term,
termin/us, />/. -i (notital.).
termJnusj ad quern (Lat.),
the finish ; — a quO, the
starting-point.
Terr., Territory.
terr/ace (typ.), cap. when
with name ; abbr. Ter. ;
in Fr. f. -asse.
terra-cotta (hyphen).
Terra del Fuego, use
Tierra .
terrsej Wius (Lat.), son of
the soil ; pi. — filii.
terra firma (two words,
not ital.).
terrla incognitja (Lat.),
unexplored region ; pi.
-« -« (ital.).
terreen, use tur-.
terret, ring for driving-rein,
not -it.
territorialize, not -ise.
Territory,abbr.T.,orTerr.
terrorize, not -ise.
tertium quid (Lat.), an
intermediate something.
Tesla (JSTikola), 1857-,
electrician.
tessellate, not -elate
Testament, abbr. T., or
Test.
testamur (Lat.), examina-
tion certificate.
test/is (anat.), pi. -es.
test-types, those for vision
testing.
tetchy, peevish, not tec-.
tBte (Fr. f.), head ; tite-
^-tete{m.,s. a.ndpl.), pri-
vate interview ; but iete
h t^/e (without hyphens),
privately ; titej de veau,
calPs head ; — dorSe
(binding), gilt top.
Teufelsdrockh (Herr),
in-Carlyle's "Sartor Re-
sartus."
Teut., Teuton, -ic.
Tex., Texas (offic. abbr.),
Texan.
textbook (one word).
textus receptus (Lat.),
the received text ; abbr.
text rec.
Teynham (Baron), pron.
ten'ham.
t.g., type genus.
Th., Thomas, Thursday.
Th, thorium.
Thai (Ger.), valley, use now
TaU
Thaler^GQT.), ms^ now Ta-.
Thalia (Gr.), muse of joy;
pron. tha-ly'a.
thallium, symbol Tl.
Thanksgiving Day
(U.S.A.), last Thursday
in November (caps.).
Thara^vadi, Burma, not
Tharrawaddy.
that, refers to a person or
thing first mentioned, or
farther in order or place
than when this, these are
used ; pi. those.
37a
TH:6 — THOROUGH
tbS (Fr. m.), tea.
ThesBtetus, disciple oi
Socrates.
theat., theatrical.
TbSitre fran^ais, Paris
(caj). T only).
tbecja (Lat.), a case, pron.
tha'ka ; pi. -as, pron. the'-
kg.
theirs (no apos.).
Thellusson's Act (law),
1800, to restrict accumula-
tion of property.
tbetnja (Gr.), a theme ; pi.
-ata.
Theo., Theodore.
theocracy, a priest-gov-
erned State, not -sy.
theol,, theology, -ian, -ical.
theologize, not -ise.
Theoph.,Theophilus,Theo-
phrastus.
theor., theorem.
theoret., theoretic,-al,-ally.
theorize, not -ise.
Theos.,theosophy,-ical,-ist.
therap., therapeutic, -s.
Theresa (St.), use Ter-.
Th6rdse (Fr.).
thermodynamics (one
word).
thermomet/er, -ric, abbr.
therm.om..
Thermopylae (Pass of).
these, see this.
thes/is,^/. -es.
Thess., I, a Thessalonians,
Thessaly.
Thibet, thibet,«5«Ti-,ti-.
thimblerig, a trick (one
word).
thin/, -ner, -nish.
thirds cards (typ.), 3 x
1^2 in. or size of gentle-
man's visiting card, not
third —
Thirty-nine Articles
(the)(hyphen,two caps.).
thirty- twomo, ortrigesi-
mo-secundo, a book in
which each sheet forms
thirty-two leaves or sixty-
four pages, usually about
4Va X 3 in. ; abbr. 32mo.
Thirty Years War, 1618-
48 (caps., no apos.).
this, refers to a person or
thing which was last men-
tioned, or which is near-
est in order or place ; //.
these {see also that).
thole pin (naut.), not
-owl — , -owel — (two
words).
Thomas, abbr. T., Th., or
Thos.
Thompson(SirB., count
von Rumford), 1753-
1814, founder Royal Insti-
tution, London ; — (Sir
E. Maunde), 1840-,
librarian ; — (Sir Hen-
ry), 1820-1904, surgeon,
writer, etc. ; — (Silva-
nus, not Sy-, P.), 1851-,
physicist.
Thomsen*s disease, mus-
cular spasm.
Thomson (Prof. Arthur),
1 858-, anat. ; — (Sir C.
Wyville),i83o-82,zool. ;
— (James), 1700-48,
poet, *'The Seasons";
— (James), 1834-82,
poet, "City of Dreadful
Night"; — (Prof. J.
Arthur), 1861-, zool.
and writer; — (Joseph),
1858-95, Afr. traveller ;
— (Prof. Sir Joseph
John), 1 856-, physicist ;
— (Sir William, Lord
Kelvin), 1824-1909,
math, and physicist.
Thomson's electrometer,
galvanometer, etc.
Tbor (Ger.), use now Tor.
thor/ax,/>/. -aces,
thorium, symbol Th.
thorn, the Ang.-Sax. }? )>
(see also eth).
Thomeycroft's Horse,
S. Africa.
Thomycroft (J. I. &
Co.), boat builders, Chis-
wick ; — (W. Hamo),
1850-, sculptor.
thorough, abbr. thoro*.
373
THOROUGHBASS — TIMPANI
thoroughbass (mus.) (one
word).
thorough/bred, -going
(one word).
Thos., Thomas.
those, see that.
though, abbr. tho*.
thowel, use thole.
thrall, thraldom.
thrash, not thre-.
Threadneedle Street,
London (two words).
three-colour process, the
printing of coloured plates
by the superposition of
the three primary colours
on each other ; the blocks
being automatically dis-
sected by photography.
threescore, sixty (one
word).
thresh, use thra-.
thresher -whale, not thra-
(two words).
threshold, not -hhold.
thrill (mus.), use trill.
thro*, through.
Throskmorton (Sir N.
W.G.), 1515-71, diplom.
Throgmorton Avenue,
also Street, London, E.C.
Throndhjem, use Tro-.
through, abbr. thro*.
throw out (binding), to
mount a cut, map, etc.,
upon a guard the size of
a page, so that it maj' re-
main in view while other
pages are read.
throw up (typ.), to render
prominent by use of bold
type, etc.
Thi^ja (bot.), use -ya.
Thule (Ultima), pron.
thu'16.
thunder (naut.), abbr. t.
Thur (Ger.), use Tur,
Thursday, abbr. Th.
thuya (bot.), not -ja.
T.H."W.M., Trinity High-
Water Mark.
th3rme, herb ; fron. tlm.
Thynne, family name of
Marquess of Bath.
Ti, titanium.
Tibet, Cent. Asia, not Th-.
tibet, a woollen fabric, not
th-.
tic douloureux, facial
neuralgia, not dol- (two
words).
Ticonderoga, New York.
tidbit, use tit-.
Tidw^orth, Andover, not
Te-.
tie, tying, not tieing.
Tien-tsin, port of Peking.
tiercel, a bird, not ter-.
Tierra del Fuego, S.
Amer., not Terra .
tiers 6tat (Fr. m.), the com-
mon people (not caps.).
Tietjens, use Titiens.
tiffin, lunch, not -ing.
tigerish, not tigr-.
Tighnabruaich, Argyl.
tight back (binding), the
cover fastened solidly to
the back, so that it does
not become hollow when
open.
tigrish, use tiger-.
tike, not ty-.
tilde, the mark as over the
Sp. «, « ; in Port. til.
Tilsit (Treaty of), not
-itt.
Tim., X and ^ Timothy.
timbre (mus.) (not ital.).
timbre-poste (Fr. m.),
postage-stamp ; pi. tilD'
bres , abbr. t.p.
Timbuktu, W. Africa, not
-buctoo.
time of day (typ.), to be
in figures with full point,
followed by a.m. or p.m.
in roman lower case, as
9.30 a. m. Such phrases as
half-past two, a quarter to
four, are better spelled
out (s« also date).
«* Times (The)," estab-
lished 1788 (caps.).
timist (mus.), not -eist
timpani (mus.), the or-
chestral kettle-drums, not
ty- (see a/50 tympanum).
374
TIN — TITLE
tin {stannunt), symbol Sn.
tinct., tincture.
Tindal (Matthew), 1656-
1733, theol., not -all {see
also Tyn-).
tin-foil (hyphen).
tinging, not -eing.
Tinnevelly and Madura
(Bp. of), not -velli .
tin-plate (hyphen).
tinsel/, -led, -ling.
Tintagel, Cornwall, not -il ;
pron. tin-taj'el.
-tion (typ.), if necessary
at end of lines, carry over
this and not -ation, -ition,
etc.
tipo (It, Sp.), type.
Tipperary, Ireland.
tippet, not tipet.
tipstaff/, a bailiff ; pi. -s.
tirade, a long declamation.
tirailleur {Jr. m.), a sharp-
shooter.
tire (of a wheel), correct,
tireing (v.),6M^ty-usual.
titer {Ft. typ.), to print.
tiret (Fr. typ. m.), dash, or
rule.
tiro, use ty-.
'tis, for itis(apos., close up).
tit., title.
titanic (not cap.).
titanium, symbol Ti.
titbit, not tid- (one word).
Titell (Ger. tvp. m.), the
title; -blatt (n.), title
page ; -zeile (f.), head-
line (caps.).
tithe rent charge, abbr.
T.R.C.
Titiens (Teresa), 1831-
77, singer, not Tietjens.
titivate, not titt-.
title (binding), the panel on
the cover with the name.
title-deed (hyphen).
title page (typ.), should
contain : name of book,
author, publisher, place of
publication, date of pub-
lication (this should never
be omitted) in arable
figures {not roman nu-
title page (cont.).
merals). It need have no
points at ends of lines
{see also preliminary
matter),
title pages. Report of
the Committee of the
Publishers' Association
of Great Britain and Ire-
land, 1898:—
"(i)Date. (a)Thatthe
title page of every book
should bear the date of
the year of publication,
i.e. of the year in which
the impression, or the re-
issue, of which it forms
a part, was first put on
the market. (b) That
when stock is reissued in
a new form, the title page
should bear the date of
the new issue, and each
copy should be described
as a ' reissue,' either on
the title page or in a
bibliographical note, (c)
That the date at which
a book was last revised
should be indicated either
on the title page or in a
bibliographical note.
"(2) Bibliographical
Note. That the biblio-
graphical note should,
when possible, be printed
on the back of the title
pa^e, in order that it may
not be separated there-
from in binding.
''(3) Impression, Edi-
tion, Reissue. That for
bibliographical purposes
definite meanings should
be attached to these
words when used on a
title page, and the follow-
ing are recommended : —
'^Impression. — A num-
ber of copies printed at
any one time. When a
book is reprinted without
change it should be called
a new impression^ to dis-
375
TITLE — TO-NIQHT
title pages (conf.).
tinguish it from an edition
as defined below.
^^ Edition. — An impres-
sion in which the matter
has undergone some
change, or for which the
type has been reset.
* ^Reissue A republica-
tion at a difierent price,
or in a different form, of
part of an impression
which has already been
placed on the market.
" (4) Localisation.
When the circulation of
an impression of a book is
limited by agreement to
a particular area, that each
copy of that impression
should bear a conspicuous
notice to that effect.'
"Addendum. In cases
where a book has been
reprinted many times,
and revised a less number
of times, it is suggested
that the intimation to
that effect should be as
follows, e.g. : —
"Fifteenth Impression
(Third Edition). This
would indicate that the
book had been printed
fifteen times, and that in
the course of those fifteen
impressions it had been
revised or altered twice."
title-rdle (hyphen, 6).
titles (cited), of articles in
magazines, of books, chap-
ters in books,of magazines,
newspapers, paintings,
periodicals, reviews, and
sculptures, to be reman
double-quoted, not italic.
title-sheet (typ.), that con-
taining the preliminary
matter.
titles ofhonour, as LL. D. ,
F. R. S. ,are usually in caps.
Frequently s.caps. give a
better general effect {see
also compound ranks).
title type, caps, occupying
space of two ordinary
lines.
titre (Fr. typ. m.), title,
tit-tat-to, a game (hy-
phens).
tittivate, use titi-.
Titus, not to be abbreviated.
Tl, thallium.
T.O., turn over.
Tobago, W. Ind., not Ta-.
Tobit (Apocr.), not to be
abbreviated.
toboggan/, not -ogan ;
-ing.
Tocqueville (A. C. H. C.
de), 1805-59, Fr. writer,
to-day (hyphen).
to-do, commotion (hyphen).
toffee, not -y.
toga/, the Roman mantle;
//. -s.
tolle (Fr. f.), linen-cloth.
toilet, not -ette.
toilette (Fr. f.), toilet.
Toison (Tor (Fr. f.), the
golden fleece.
Tokay, a wine.
token (typ.), halfa ream, or
250 impressions on press.
Tokio, cap. of Japan, not
-yo ; formerly Yeddo.
Toler, family name of Earl
of Norbury.
Tolstoy (Count Leo),
1828-, writer, not -oi.
tomalley, so-called liver of
lobster, not -ly.
tomato/, pi. -es.
tome (Fr. m.), a volume;
abbr. t.
to-morrow (hyphen).
tom-tit, the bird (hyphen),
ton/ (weight), -s, abbr. t.
ion (Fr. m.), style.
Tonbridge, ' but Tun-
bridge Wells,
tonsillitis, not -ilitis.
Tone (T. Wolfe), 1763-
98, Ir. patriot.
Tongking, China, «o/Tun-,
Tonkin, Tonquin.
Tonic Sol-fa (one hyphen),
to-night (hyphen).
376
TONN. — THAIL
tonn., tonnage.
tonne (Fr. f.), looo kilo-
grams.
ionneau (Fr. m.), ton,
tun, or cask ; abbr. t.
Tooke (J. Home), 1736-
1812, writer.
tooled edges (binding),
those with impressed de-
signs.
toothpick (one word).
topinambour (Fr. m.),
Jerusalem artichoke.
Toplitz, use Te-.
top -mast (hyphen).
topog., topograph}', -ical.
topay-turvy (hyphen).
Tor (Ger. m.), fool; (n.)
gate, not now Th- (cap.).
tore, use torque.
tormentor, not -er.
tornado/, pi -es.
torniquet, use tour-.
torpedo/, pi. -es.
Torphichen (Baron),
pron. tor' fi- ken.
torque, a gold ornament,
(mech.) turning move-
ment, not tore.
Torquemada (Thomas
de), 1420-98, Inquisitor.
Torres Vedras, near Lis-
bon (no hyphen).
torso/ (sculp.), the trunk ;
pi. -s.
iortuel (Fr. f.), turtle ; —
claire, clear turtle soup.
totalize, not -ise.
totidem vert)is (Lat. ), in so
many words.
toties quoties (Lat.), as
often the one, ^so often
the other.
ioto CSSlo (Lat.), diamet-
rically opposed, not — cce-.
iOtum (Lat.), the whole.
ioujours\perdrix{¥v.\ioo
much of one good thing ;
— prSt, always ready.
iourj (Fr. m.\ a tour ; (f.)
tower ; — a tour, alter-
nately ; — d*adresse
( m. ), legerdemain ; —
de force, a feat of
strength or skill; tourde
main, sleight of hand.
Tourgu6niev (I. S.),
1818-83, Russ. novelist,
not the many variations.
tourmaline, not -in.
Toumai, Belgium.
Tournay, France.
tourniquet, not tor-.
iournure (Fr. f.), contour,
figure, (dress) bustle.
tourte (Fr. f.), tart.
toutl h coup, or — d*un
coup (Fr.), suddenly, all
at once ; — h fait, en-
tirely; — co«/r/, abruptly;
— (fem^me, all the same;
— de suite, imme-
diately; — ensemble,
the general effect (no hy-
phens).
towel/, -ling.
town, abbr. t.
town cards (typ.), 3 x 2 in.
town/ councillor, Ko/-ilor,
— hall (two words).
Townshend (Marquess,
not of) ; — (R. B.), 1846-,
writer.
township, abbr. t.
toxicol., toxicology, -ical.
toxin, not -ine.
toxophilite, of archery.
t.p. (Fr.), tinibre{^s)'Poste
(postage-stamp).
Tr., trustee.
tr/ (typ.), see transpose,
traceable, «o/ -cable,
trache/a, />/. -8b.
Tractarian/, -ism (caps.).
tractor, not -er.
trade-mark (hyphen).
trade/ union (two words) ;
pi. — unions, not trades- ;
abbr. T.U.
traduction (Fr. f.), trans-
lation.
traffic/, -ked, -ker.
irafic (Fr. m.), trade,
trag., tragedy, tragic.
tragedi/an, a tragic actor ;
fern. -enne.
Trail (J. W. H.), 185 1-,
botanist.
377
TBAILL — TKOMPETTE
Traill (Anthony), 1838-,
Provost T.C.D. 1904 ; —
(H. D.), 1842-1900,
writer.
trait, pron, tra, in Amer.
trat.
trait d* union (Fr. typ. m.),
the hyphen.
trammel/, -led, -ling.
tranquil/, -lity, -lize, -ly.
trans., transactions, trans-
itive, translated, -ion, -or.
transact/, -or.
transatlantic (one word,
not cap.).
Transcaucasia, Russia
(one word).
transf., transferred.
transfer/, -able, -ence,
-red, -rer, -ring.
transform/, -ator, -er.
transgress/, -ible, -or.
tranship/, -ment (one
word), not transs-.
transitive, abbr. trans.
translat/ed, -ion, -or,
abbr. trans. ; -able.
transmissible, not -able.
transpose (typ.), to move
letters, words, lines, etc.,
from one place to another ;
tr/ being written in the
margin, and a line put
round the matter pointing
to where it is to be trans-
ferred (see also proof
correction marks).
Transvaal, S. Africa.
tratto (Tunione (It. typ.),
the hyphen.
trattoria (It. f.), cook-shop.
Trav., travels.
travel/, -led, -ler, -ling.
Travellers' Club, London
(apos. at end),
T.R.C., Thames Rowing
Club, tithe rent charge.
Treas., treasurer, treasury.
tree - calf (binding), a
bright-brown calf stained
with a conventional tree-
like design.
Treitschke (H. Q. von),
1834-96, Ger. hist.
trek/ (S. Afr.), to journey,
not -ck ; -ker.
Trelawny, not -ey.
tremor, no/ -our.
trente-et-quarante (Fr.
m.), a gambling game.
ti^S bien (Fr.), very good.
Tresco, Scilly.
Trescowe, Cornwall.
tresj distingui (Fr.), very
distinguished ; — peu,
very little.
trestle, a table support, not
tressel.
trevet, use tri-.
T.K.H., Their Royal
Highnesses.
tria Juncta in a no (Lat.),
three joined in one.
tricolour, the Fr. flag (one
word); in Fr. m. drapeau
tricolore.
trigesimo-secundo, see
thirty-twomo.
trigon., trigonometry, -ical.
trill (mus.), not th-.
trillion, in Eng. a million
million millions ; in Fr.
and U.S.A., a million
millions.
Trimleston (Baron),
pron. trim'less-.
trimmed edges, see
edges.
Trin., Trinity.
Trinity Sunday, the one
after Whit-Sunday.
triphthong, three vowels
in a single syllable as
eau in beau.
tripos/, Camb. examination;
pron. tri'p6s, pi. -es.
Tristan* da Cunha, S.
Atlantic, not — d'Acunha.
triturat/e, -or.
triumviri (Lat.), pi. -/;
Eng. pi. -s.
trivet, not tre-.
trivial (Fr. adj.), vulgar.
trocar, surgical instrument,
not -har.
trolly, not -ey.
trompette (Fr. m.). trum-
peter ; (f.) trumpet.
378
TRONDHJEM — TWEEDIE
Trondhjem, Norway, not
Th-.
tropsBolum/ (bot.), pi. -s.
tropical (not cap.).
trottoir (Fr. ni.)/the foot
pavement.
trousers, not trow-.
trousseau/, dress outfit;
pi. -X ^notital.).
trouvaille (Fr. f.), a
lucky find.
troy weight, r lb., 12 oz.,
240 pennyweights, 5760
grains (not cap.).
Trs., Trustees.
truitel (Fr. f.), trout ; —
au bleu, brook trout ; —
de laCf lake trout ; —
sauaionSe, salmon trout.
trumpet/, -ed, -ing.
Truron., signature of Bp.
of Truro (full point).
trustee, abbr. Tr.,/>/. Trs.
T.S. (paper), tub-sized.
Tsad (Lake), Sudan, use
— Tchad.
Tsar of Russia; Tsare-
vitch, his son ; Tsarev-
na, his dau. ; Tsarina,
his wife (in Russ.
Tsaritza) : not Cz-, Tz-.
Tsarskoye Selo, near St.
Petersburg, imperial resi-
dence, not Tz-.
Tsehaikovsky (P. P.),
1840-93, Russ, composer.
Tschigorin, use Teh-.
Tschudi (A.), 1505-72,
Swiss historian (^see also
Tchudi).
Tsech, use Czech*.
tsetse fly,«o;tzetze ; pron.
set'sd.
T.S.S., twin-screw steam-
ship.
t.t.l., to take leave.
T.U., trade union, -s.
tub/a, bass saxhorn ;pl. -se.
Tubingen, Ger. town and
university.
T.U.C., Trade Union Con-
gress.
Tuesday, abbr. T., or
Tues.
Tuileries, Paris (one /).
tulle, fine silk fabric.
tumbrel, a cart, not -il.
tumour, not -or.
tumul/us, pi. -i (not
ital.).
tun/ (cask), -s, abbr. t.
Tunbridge "Wells, but
Tonbridge.
tungsten, symbol W.
tunnel/, -led, -ling.
tu quoque! (Lat.), thou
also !
Tiir (Ger. f.), door, not now
Th- (cap.).
turbot (Fr. m.), turbot.
Turco, Fr. Algerian sol-
dier, not -ko.
Turcoman, use Turko-.
tureen, not terreen.
Turgenieff, use Tour-
gueniefF.
Turk., Turkey, -ish.
Turkestan, not Turki-.
turkey red (not cap.).
Turkoman/, of Turkestan,
not Turco- ; pi. -s.
turned commas (typ.),
those used at the com-
mencement of a quotation,
as these ", two apostro-
phes being at the end.
Together they are called
" quotes " {see also quo-
tation marks).
Turner (Joseph Mal-
lord — not -ad, -ard —
William), 1775-1851,
painter.
Tumour, family name of
Earl Winterton.
turn over, abbr. T.O.
Tuskar Rock, lighthouse,
Wexford.
tussoGk-grass, not -ac.
iuum (Lat.), thine {see also
tneum).
T.V.R. (elec), tempera-
ture variation of resist-
ance.
Tweeddale (Marquess
of).
Tweedie (Mrs. Alec),
379
TWEEDY — TYPE
Tweedy (John), P. R. C. S. ,
1904.
tw^eeny-maid, a servant
who assists in both cook-
ery and house- work.
Twelfth Day, 6 January.
twelvemo or duodecimo
(typ.), a book each sheet
of which forms twelve
leaves or twenty-four
pages, size usually about
7V2 X 4V3 '°' ; abbr. 12mo.
tw^enty-fourmo or vige-
simo-quarto (typ.), a
book each sheet of
which forms twenty-four
leaves or forty - eight
pages, usually about 5 x
3^2 in- ; abbr. 24m.o.
tw^entym.0 or vigesimo
(typ.), a book each
sheet of which forms
twenty leaves or forty
pages, usually about 5x3
in. ; abbr. 20mo.
Twerton-on-Avon, Bath,
not Twiver-, Tiver-.
Twisleton - Wykeham -
Piennes, family name of
Baron Saye and Sele.
tw^o-line/ (typ.), having a
depth of body (or height
of letter on printed page)
equal to double that of the
size specified, as two-line
pica ; — tjrpe, plain initial
letters occupying two lines
in depth, and used at the
commencement of a chap-
ter, advert., etc.
T.Y.C. (racing),Two-Year-
old Course.
tying, not tie-.
T^ler (John), 1790- 1862,
Amer. Pres. 184 1-5.
Tylor (Sir E. B.), 1832-,
anthropologist,
tympan/nm, the ear-drum ;
pi. -a (s*-* a/50 timpani).
Tyndale (William), d.
1536, translator of Bible
{see also Tindal).
TyndaU (John), 1820-93,
physicist.
380
Tynemouth, Northumb. ;
pron. tin'muth {see also
Teign-).
typ., typographer, -ic,
-ical, -ly.
type, the most used kinds
in order of size:
pearl 4 K point.
nonpareil 6 „
minion 7 ,^
brevier 8 ,,
bourgeois 8^ „
long primer ...9^,,
{pron. prim'er).
small pica 10^ „
pica 12 „
enghsh 14 „
great pri-
mer 18 ,,
{Seealso &g8ite,Antiqua,
bastard, bold face,
bourgeois, brevier,
brilliant, Brotschrift,
Canon, Caslon, Cax-
ton, church - text,
clarendon, diamond,
double english, —
paragon, — pica,
Elzevir, emerald,
English, expanded,f at
face, Fraktur, full-
faced, gem, German
text, Gothic, great
primer, grotesque,
bagere Scbrifty hair-
line letter. Imperial,
inferior characters,
italic, Kanon, kern,
lead, iean-fsuiejiegende
Schrlft, logotype, long
primer. Miller and
Richard's, minion,
minionette, Mittel,
modern-face, nick,
nonpareil, old-Eng-
lish, — face. — style,
paragon, pearl, pica
type, point system,
primer, quadrat.
TYPEWKITER — TZETZE
reglet, roman, ronde,
rotondo, ruby, rule,
runic, sans serif,
Schrift, script, serif,
skeleton, small pica,
spaces, superior char-
acters, swash, title
type.)
typewriter, the machine.
typewritten copy (typ.),
this should always be re-
vised before being sent
to press. It is charged
as " manuscript," not
*' printed," in Amer. by
U.S. law.
typist, the user of a type-
writer.
typography, the act,
process, or art of com-
posing and printing from
types, etc. ; abbr. typ.
TypothetSB, American so-
ciety of master printers.
tyrannize, not -ise.
tyre (of a wheel), usual, but
ti- correct.
tyro, pi. -s, not ti-.
Tyrol, Austria ; in Ger.
Ti-.
Tyrwhitt, pron. tir'rit.
Tzar/, -evitch, -evna,
-ina, use Ts-.
Tzarskoye Selo, use
Tsars .
tzetze fly, use tsetse — .
881
T NOTES
38a
tJ. — UNCHEISTIAN
u
U., all proper names
with this initial, the
twentieth in a series,
(Ger.) 6%r(clock, o'clock).
U, uranium.
(U.), Unionist.
U., (Ger.) und (and), unter
(among), (naut.) ugly,
threatening weather.
U. a. (Ger.), uttd andre (and
others), unter andern
(among others).
U. a. m. (Ger.), undandres
ntehr (and so forth).
ubique (Lat.), everywhere.
ubi supra (Lat), in the
place above (mentioned) ;
abbr. U.S.
U.C., University College,
Upper Canada.
U.c. (typ.), upper case, (It.
mus.) una corda (on one
string) ; U.C.Ij., Univer-
sity College, London ;
U.C.S., ditto School.
Udaipur, Ind., not Odey-
pore, Oodey-, Ude-.
U.D.C., Urban District
Council.
U.E.I.C., United East
India Company.
U.F.C., United Free Church
(of Scotland).
XJfiQzi Gallery, Florence,
not -izzi.
TJhlan, Ger. light cavalry
soldier; in Ger. Ulan.
Uhland (J. L.), 1787-
1862, Ger. poet,
(//ir/ (Ger. f.), clock, o'clock;
pi. -en, abbr. U. (cap.).
U.J.D., Utriusque Juris
Doctor (Doctor of both
Laws).
U.K., United Kingdom.
U.K.A., Ulster King-of-
Arms, United Kingdom
Alliance.
ukase, Russian edict, not
oukaz.
Ulan, Ger. m. for Uhlan.
Ullswater, Cumberland,
not Ulles-.
Ulster, Ireland.
ulster, a coat (not cap.).
Ulster King-of-Arms*,
not at (cap. U, two
hyphens); abbr. U.K.A.
ult. (should not be printed),
ultimo (last [month]).
Uhimal (Lat. f.), final ; —
basreSf the Crown or the
State ; — ratio, the last
resource ; — ratio re-
gum , resort to arms (set
also Thule).
ultimatum/, pi. -a.
ultimo (Lat.), last month ;
abbr. Ult. (this should
not be printed).
ultimum vale (Lat.), the
last farewell.
ultra} (Lat), beyond,
extreme ; — vires,
beyond legal power.
Umballa, Ind., use Am.-.
umbiia, a shadow ; pi. -as,
umbrella/, pi. -a.
um.laut, see A, a and
ascents and diasriti-
cal marks.
Umritsur, Ind., use Am-
ritsar.
una corda (It mus.), with
one string, or on the piano
with soft pedal ; abbr. u.c,
unanimous (a, not an).
unapparell/e<i -ing.
unauthorize, not -ise.
una voce (Lat), unan-
imously.
unbaptize, not -ise.
unbiased, not -ssed.
unburden, not -then.
uncanny, not -ie.
unchristian (one word).
UNCIATIM — URBI
unclatim (Lat), ounce by
ounce.
unclench, see clench.
luiclinch, see clinch.
uncut edges, see edges.
und\ (Ger.), and, abbr. u.;
— /Ill(/re,and others, abbr.
u. a. ; — andres mebr,
and so forth, abbr. u.a.m.
under-estimate (hyphen).
underhand (one word).
underlay (typ.), to make
type, cuts, etc., type-high.
underlie, not -ly.
underline (theat.), to
announce a forthcoming
performance at the foot
of an advertisement ;
(typ.) use single line for
italics ; double, for small
capitals ; treble, for large
capitals ; wavy, for special
type, as clarendon.
under/sell, -tone (one
word).
under "way, moving, not
— weigh (two words).
undj so fort (Ger.), and
so on, abbr. usf. ; — SO
weiter, and so forth,
or etc., abbr. usw.
unenclosed*, not unin-.
uneven pages (typ.),
those with odd folios, as
I, 3, 5, the right-hand,
or recto, pages.
ungariscb (Ger. ), Hungar-
ian; abbr. UBg.{not cap.).
Ungarn, Ger. n. for Hun-
gary.
ungathered (typ.), printed
sheets not arranged in
book order.
unguent.
unicorn, uniform, union,
unison (a, «o/an).
Unionist, abbr. (U.).
uni/son, in Fr. -sson.
Unit., Unitarian, -ism.
unit (a, not an).
Unlias Fratrum (Lat.), off.
for Moravian Church.
United Free Church of
Scotland (caps.), abbr.
U.P.C.; United/ King-
dom (caps.), abbr. U.K.;
— Kingdom Alliance
[for the suppression of the
liquor traflfic] (caps.),
abbr. U.K.A. ; — Pres-
byterian/, abbr. U.P. ;
— — Church (caps.),
abbr. U.P.C. {see also
U.S., U.S.I., U.S.S.,
U.S.V.).
Univ., University.
universal (a, not an) ;
abbr. univ.
universalize, not -ise.
unlicensed.
urnn., unmarried.
unmistakable, not -cable.
unmould, not -mold.
uno animo (Lat.), unan-
imously.
unopened edges, see
edges.
unparalleled.
unrival/, -led.
unsaleable, not -lable.
unserviceable, not -cable.
imskilful.
unterj (Ger.), among, abbr.
u. ; — andera, — others,
abbr. u. a.
until (typ.), should not be
divided.
untrammelled.
untravelled, not -eled.
U.P., United Presbyterian,
u.p., under proof.
up., upper.
U.P.C, United Presby
terian Church.
uphroe (naut.), a crow-
foot, use euphroe*.
upper case (typ.), the
case containing caps
s.caps., reference marks
and accents ; abbr. u.c.
upstairs (one word).
up-to-date,adj. (hyphens)
uraemia (path.), not ure-.
Ural Mountains, not Ou-
uranium, symbol U.
urari, use curare*.
urbiet orbi (Lat.), to the
city (Rome) and the world.
384
URETHRA — UZilS
urethr/a (anat.), pl -».
Urim and Thuminim
(Scrip.) QXG plurals.
Urquhart, pron. urk'urt.
Uru., Uruguay.
U.S., United Service, —
States; U.S., ubi supra
(in the place above [men-
tioned]), ut supra (as
above) ; U.S.A., United
States Army, — — of
America.
usable, not -eable.
U.S.C, United States of
Colombia.
useful (a, not an).
usf . (Ger. ), und so fort (and
so on).
U.S.I., United Service
Institution ; U.S.L,,
United States Legation ;
U.S.M., ditto Mail, ditto
Marines ; U.S.M.A.,
ditto Military Academy ;
U.S.N., ditto Navy ;
U.S.W.A., ditto Naval
Academy ; U.S.P. or
U.S.Pharm., ditto Phar-
macopoeia.
usquebaugh (Gaelic),
whisky.
U.S.S., United States
Senate, ditto Ship, ditto
Steamer ;U.S.S.C., ditto
Supreme Court.
usu., usual, -ly.
usurper (a, not an).
U.S.V., United States
Volunteers.
USW. (Ger.), und so wetter
(and so forth, or etc.).
U.T., Utah Territory.
Ut., Utah.
Utakamund, not Ootaca-
mund,
ut dictum (Lat.), as di-
rected ; abbr. ut diet,
utilize, not -ise.
Ut infra (Lat.), as be-
lowr.
Uti possidetis (Lat.), as
you nov^r possess (opposed
to status quo ante).
Utopia/, -n (caps.).
ut supra (Lat.), as above :
abbr. U.S.
uxor (Lat.), wife; abbr.
ux,
Uzanne (Octave), 1852-,
Fr. writer.
Uzds (duchesse d*),
1848-, Fr. writer.
25
U NOTES
886
V. — VAEIETY
v., Vice-, Volunteers, all
proper names with this
initial ; it is not used
in the numeration of
series.
V, five, vanadium, (elec.)
volt, (math.) potential
energy.
v., ventral, verse, (math.)
vector, (phys.) velocity.
V. (Lat.), versus (against),
vide (see), (mus.) violino
(violin), voce (voice).
5^, sign for versicle.
V.A., Vicar-Apostolic, Vice-
Admiral, (Order of)
Victoria and Albert (for
ladies), Volunteer Artil-
lery.
Va., Virginia (offic. abbr.).
V.a., vixtt . . . annos (lived
[so many] years).
vacillation.
vaccinat/e, -or.
vacu/um, pi. -a.
vade-meoiun/, pi. -s (hy-
phen).
vae victlst (Lat.), v^oe to
the vanquished !
vaille que vallle (Fr.),
whatever it may be worth,
at all events.
vainglor/y, -ious (one
word).
Vakat (Ger. typ. n.), blank
page.
vale (Lat.), farewell.
Valencia, Spain.
Valenciennes lace.
Valentia Island; Vis-
count — , not -cia.
Valentine's Day (St.),
14 February (apos.).
valet/, man-servant ; — de
chambre, a body-ser-
vant (not ital.); valetj
de piedf footman ; — de
place, a local guide (ital.).
Valhalla, not W-.
387
valkyrie, not w-.
Valladolid, Spain.
Valletort (Viscount),
pron. val'a-tort.
Vallombrosa, N. Italy,
not Vallam-.
valour, but valorous.
Valparaiso, pron. -I'zo.
valse (Fr. f.), waltz.
Vauib6ry (Arminius),
1832-, Hung, traveller.
van, or van der (typ.),
this prefix usually I.e.,
but copy signature.
vanadium, symbol V.
Vanbrugh, pron.van broo.
Van Dienien*8 Land,
not — Dieman's —
(apos.) ; now Tasmania.
Van Dyck (Sir An-
thony), 1599-1641,
painter (two words).
Van Dyke (Rev. H.),
1 852-, writer.
Vandyke/ brown, —
collar, — edge, — lace,
etc., not -dyck (two words,
not cap.).
Vane - Tempest - Stew-
art, family name of
Marquess of London-
derry (hyphens).
Vanhomrigh (Esther),
1692-1733, Swift's "Van-
essa."
van't Hoflf'( Jacobus H.),
1 852-, Du. chemist.
vaporize, not -ise.
vapour, but vaporous.
var. (biol.), variety, (math.)
variant.
varija lectioj (Lat.), a
variant reading, abbr.
V.I.; pi. -« -nes, abbr.
W.11.
variant (math.), abbr.
var.
variety (biol.), abbr. var.
{see also botany).
25
VARIOKUM — VEREINIGTE
variorum edition, one
with notes by various
commentators.
variorum notas (Lat.),
notes by commentators.
vasj (an at.), a duct ; pi. -a.
vascul/um, bot. specimen
case ; pi. -a.
Vassar College, New
York.
Vat., Vatican.
Vaux (Baron), pron.
vox.
V.B., Volunteer Battalion.
vb., verb.
V.C., Vice-Chairman, —
-Chancellor, Victoria
Cross; V. Cbr. (Ger.),
vorChristus, vor Christ o, or
vor Christi Geburi (b.c).
V.D., Volunteer (officers)
Decoration; v.d., various
dates ; V.D.M. (Amen),
Verbi Dei Minister
(Preacher of the Word
of God).
v^, veuve (widow).
veau] (Fr. m.), calf, (cook.)
veal, (binding) calf, calf-
skin ; — racine aux
nerfs, tree-marbled calf
with bands.
vector (math.), abbr. v.
vedette, mounted sentinel,
not vi-.
Vehmgericht/, Ger. medi-
aeval tribunal, not Feh-,
Fem- ; pi. -e (not ital.).
veille (Fr. f.), the day
before, eve (see also
vielle).
Velazquez (D. de Silva^,
1599-1660, Sp. painter,
not Velas- ; Sp. pron. va-
luth-keth.
veld, Afr. unforested coun-
try, not -dt ; pron. felt.
vellum/, very smooth
parchment ; — -paper,
that imitating vellum.
velocity (phys.), abbr. v.
velvety.
Ven., Venerable (used to
Archdeacon only).
venaison (Fr. f.), venison.
venal, of a vein, also sordid
(see also venial).
Vendue (La), dep. France.
vend/er, in law -or.
vendetta, a blood feud
(not ital.).
Venddme Colonne, and
Place, Paris.
venerat/e, -or.
venesection, blood-letting.
Venet., Venetian.
Venetian blind (not cap.).
Venezuela, abbr. Venez.,
pron. ven'ez-wfil-a.
venial, pardonable (see also
venal).
vente au rabais (Fr. f.),
sale at reduced prices.
ventilat/e, -or.
ventral, abbr. v.
ventre k terre (Fr.), at full
speed.
ventriloquize, not -ise.
Ver, (Ger.), Verein (Asso-
ciation).
vera causa (Lat.), a true
cause.
veranda, not -ah.
verb, abbr. vb.
verbalize, not -ise.
verbatim (Lat.), word for
word (not ital.) ; ver-
batim, literatim, et
punctatim, word for
word, letter for letter,
and point for point (ital.).
Verbi Dei Minister
(Lat.), Preacher of the
Word of God ; abbr.
V.D.M.
verbum satis sapienti
(Lat.), a word to the wise
suffices ; abbr. verb. sap.
(or sat. ).
ver d- antique, a stone, not
verde (hyphen).
verderer, forester, not -or.
verdigris, not verde-.
Vereia (Ger. m.), Asso-
ciation (cap.); abbr. Ver.
Verelnigte Staaten, Ger.
for United States (of
America) ; abbr. Ver. St.
388
VERESTCHAGIN — VIEILLE
Verestchagin (Vasili),
1842-1904, Russ. painter.
verger (Fr.m.'), an orchard.
Vergil, use Vi-.
Vergil (Poly dor e), 1470-
1555? writer.
Verlagsbuchhandler
(Ger. m.), publisher, -s
(cap.).
vermilion, not -llion.
Vermont, off. abbr. Vt.
vermuth, an appetizer ;
in Fr. m. vermouth, in
Ger. m. Wermut
Verrocchio (Andrea
del), 1435-88, painter,
not the many variations.
Versailles, near Paris.
versales (Sp.typ.), capitals.
versalillas (Sp. typ. f.),
small capitals.
vers de sociStS (Fr. m.),
society verses,
verse, abbr, v., pi. vv.
versiole (typ.), the sign f
used in religious works.
verso (typ.), the left-hand
page of an open book,
usually bearing an even
number,as 2, 4, 6; abbr. v°.
Ver. St. (Ger.), Vereinigte
Staaten (U.S.A.).
versus (Lat.), against (not
ital.); abbr. V. (ital.).
vertebr/a,/>/. -sb (not ital.) .
vertebrata, is plural,
vert/ ex, pi. -ices,
vertu, use vi-.
Vertue (George), 1684-
1756, engraver.
verve, spirit (not ital.).
Very Rev., Very Rever-
end (for Deans only).
vessels* names, to be
roman double-quoted and
not italic.
vestigia (Lat. pi.), traces,
vet, veterinary surgeon.
veto/, pi. -es.
ve^^I/Wn/o (It.), jobmaster ;
pi. -/.
veuf (Ft. m.), widower.
veuve (Fr. f.), widow ;
abbr. V*.
Vevey, Switz., not -ay.
vexata quaestio (Lat.),
a disputed question.
V.G., Vicar-General.
via (Lat.), by way of, not
-a (not ital.).
via media (Lat.), a middle
course (ital.).
viator/, a traveller ; pi. -es.
Vic, Victoria.
Vicar/-Apostollc, abbr.
V.A.; — General ,V.G.
Vicars* College, a cath-
edral residence.
vice, a tool, not -se.
Vice/, abbr. V. ; Ad-
miral, abbr. V.A, ;
— -Chairman, V.C. ;
— -Chamberlain; —
-Chancellor, V.C. ;
Consul; Presi-
dent, V.P. ; Regent
(hyphens, caps.).
Viceroy (cap.), viceregal.
vice versa (Lat.), the
order being changed (no
hyphen or accent, not
ital.).
victimize, not -ise.
Victoria/, abbr. Vic. ; —
and Albert (Order of},
for ladies, abbr. V.A. ; —
Cross, abbr. V.C. ; —
Regina et Impera-
trix (Lat.), Victoria
Queen and Empress, abbr.
V.R. et I.
victoria, a carriage.
victual/, -led, -ler, -ling.
vide} (Lat.), see, abbr. v.;
(It. mus.), open ; — ante,
see before ; — infra, —
below; videlicet, namely
(one word), abbr. viz. ;
vide] post, see below ; —
supra, — above, abbr.
v.s.
vidette, use ve-.
videtur (Lat.), it seems.
vide ut supra (Lat.), see
as above.
vie, vying.
vieille (Fr. f.), an old
woman (see also veille).
389
VTELIiE — VISOR
Vielle (Fr. f.), a hurdy-
gurdy (see also veille and
vieille).
Vienna, in Ger. Wien, in
Fr. Vienne.
viennolse {k la) (Fr.), in
Viennese style (not cap.).
vient de paraitre {un
livre) (Fr.), just pub-
lished (of a book).
vi et armis (Lat.), by force
and arms.
vieuxj comme le monde
(Fr.), old as the hills ;
— francaiSy Old French
(not cap.) ; du vieux
temps, quite old-
fashioned.
Vieuxtemps (Henri),
1820-81, violinist.
view-hallo* (hunt.), not
the many variations.
vigesimo, see twentymo.
vigesimo-quarto, see
twenty-fourmo.
vignettes (typ.), illustra-
tions with undefined edges.
vigour, but vigorous.
vik/ing, pron. veek'ing ;
(typ.) if necessary divide
at stroke.
vility.
village, abbr. vil.
villageoise (a la) (Fr.),
in village style.
villain/, -age, -ize, -ous,
-y, not -an, -ein, -en.
villeggiatura (It.f.), retire-
ment in the country.
Villiers, family name of
Earls of Clarendon and
Jersey ; pron. vil'lers.
vinaigrette,a scent-holder,
not vinegar-.
vincul/um (typ.), a brace ;
pi. -a.
vin dupays (Fr. m.), virine
of the neighbourhood.
vingt-et-un, card game
(hyphens).
vin ordinaire (Fr. m.), a
cheap w^ine, usually red.
violat/e, -or.
violino (It.), violin; abbr. v.
VioUet-le-duc (E. E.),
1814-79, Fr. writer.
violoncell/o, not vioWn-; pi.
-OS, abbr. *cello ; -ist.
virago/, pi. -es.
Virchow (Rudolf),
1821-1902, pathol. ; pron.
fear'kho.
Virgil, 70-19 B. c, poet, not
Ve- ; in Lat. Vergilius.
Virginia, offic. abbr. Va.
Virginia creeper (bot.),
not -ian — (not cap.).
virginibus puerisque
(Lat.), for girls and boys.
virgola (It. typ. f.), comma.
virgolette (It. typ. f. pi.),
quotation marks.
virgule (Fr. typ. f.),
comma; point et — , semi-
colon.
viritim (Lat.), man by man.
virtu (articles o^, not
ve- (not ital.).
virtuos/o, one skilled in
an art, pi. -OS ; /em. -a,
pi. -as.
visj (Lat.f.), force,/*/, vires ;
— a tergO, force from
behind.
visa (Fr. m.), signature,
endorsement {see also
vis6).
vis-a-vis (Ft.), face to face
(hyphens).
viscount/, -ess, -y (when
alone not cap.) ; abbr.
Vise,
visc/us (Lat.), an organ ;
pi. -era.
vise, a tool, use vice.
visiS (Fr. past participle),
/ent. -6e, signed, endorsed
''see also visa),
viser (Fr.), to aim, to en-
dorse (see also visser).
Vishnu, second person of
the Hindu triad,
visitor, not -er.
visj major (Lat.), superior
force ; — medicatrix
naturae, nature's power
of healing.
visor, a cap peak, not viz-.
390
VISSER — VOR
visser (Fr.), to screw {see
also vissr).
vista/, a view ; pi. -a.
visualize, not -ise.
vis v/va(Lat.), living force.
vitalise, not -ise.
vitiat/e, -or.
vituperat/e, -or.
viva ! (It.), long live !
vivandijer (Fr.), /em.
'drCf army sutler.
vivant rex et regina!
(Lat.), long live the King
and Queen !
vivari/um, enclosure for
living things ; pi. -a.
vivatl regina I (Lat.), long
live the Queen! — rex!
ditto the King !
viva/ voce, orally, not viva
— ; Eng. pi. — voces
(not ital.).
Vive II (Fr.), long live ! —
la RSpublique! ditto
the Republic ! — Fempe-
reurl ditto the Emperor !
Vivian (Sir Arthur
Pendarves), 1834- ; —
fam. name of Barons
Swansea and Vivian {see
also Vy-).
vivisect/, -or.
vixit.. .annos{Lsit.), lived
(somany)years; abbr.v.a.
viz., videlicet (namely) (not
ital.) ; (typ.) comma be-
fore, but use of namely
preferred.
vizier, a Mohammedan
official, Mo/-ir, -sier.
vizor, use vis-.
V.I., varia lectio (a variant
reading).
V. M, (Ger.), vorigen Monats
(last month).
V.M.H., Victoria Medal of
Honour (R. Hort. Soc).
V.O., (Royal) Victorian
Order,
vo., verso (left-hand page).
V. O. (Ger.), von oben (from
the top).
voc, vocative.
vocab., vocabulary.
vocalize, not -ise.
vocative, abbr. voc.
voce (It. mus.), voice ; abbr.
V. {see also vox).
Voeleker (Dr. J. A.),
analyst.
Voelker gas mantle.
vogue la galhre! (Fr.)^
happen what may !
Vogu§ (vicomte M. de),
1 848-, Fr. writer.
VOilh] (Fr.), see there ! —
tout, that is all.
voile (Fr. m.), a veil; (f.)
a sail.
Volcal (Ger. m.), vowel
(cap.).
vol., volume.
volaille (Fr. f.), fowl,
poultry.
volant (Fr. dress, m.), a
flounce.
Volapiik, the language.
volatilize, not -ise.
voi-au'vent (Fr. cook.
m.), puff-pie.
volcano/, pi. -es.
vol d'oiseau {k) (Fr. m.),
as the crow flies.
Vollcsliedl (Ger. n.), a folk-
song ; pi. -er (cap.).
Volksraad, S. Afr. legis-
lative assembly,
vols., volumes.
volt (elec), unit of E.M.F.,
abbr. V.
VOlta SUbitO (It. mus.), turn
over quickly ; abbr, v.S.
volte- face (Fr.), a turning
about.
volume, abbr. vol.,/>/. vols.
Volunteer Artillery,
abbr. V.A.
Volunteers, abbr. V.
von, this prefix usually I.e.,
but copy signature,
vonj oben (Ger.), from the
top, abbr. v. o. ; — unten,
from the bottom, abbr.
V. u.
vorChristiOeburt, or vor
CbristuSy or vor Cbris-
to (Ger.), B.C.; abbr.
V. Chr,
391
VORIQEN — VYVYAN
vorigen Monats (Ger.),
last month ; abbr. V. M.
vortn. (Ger.), vormittags (in
the forenoon, a.m.), vor-
mals (formerly).
vormals (Gen), formerly ;
abbr. vorm. (not cap.).
vormittags (Ger.), in the
forenoon, or a.m. ; abbr.
vorm. (not cap.).
Vorrede (Ger. f.)', preface
(cap.).
vort/ex,/>/. -ices.
Vbrw'Ort (Ger. n.), preface,
preposition (cap.).
vouch/er, in law -or.
voxl (Lat. f.), voice, pi.
voces; — populi, public
sentiment.
voyelle (Fr. f.), vowel.
voyezi (Fr.), see! look!
abbr. v.
V.P., Vice-President.
"V.R., Victoria Regina
(Queen Victoria).
vraisemblance (not ital.\
V.R.C., Volunteer Rifle
Corps ; V.R. et I., Vic-
toria Regina et Imperatrix
(Victoria Queen and Em-
press) ; V.R.P., Vestra
Reverendissima Patemitas
(Your Most Reverend
Paternity).
V.S., Veterinary Surgeon ;
V.8. (Fr. chron.), vieux
style (old style), (Lat.)
vide supra (see above),
(It. mus. ) volta subito (turn
over quickly) ; V.S.C,
Volunteer Staff Corps.
V.T., Vetus Testantentunt
(Old Test.).
Vt., Vermont (offic. abbr.).
V. U. (Ger.), von unten (from
the bottom).
vue d*oiseau (h) (Fr. f.),
from a bird's-eye view.
Vuillaume, family of mus.
instrument makers.
vulcanize, not -ise.
Vulg., the Vulgate.
vulg., vulgar, -ly.
vulgar fractions, see
fractions.
vulgarize, not -ise.
Vulgate, the Latin Bible
of the R.C.C. ; abbr.
Vulg.
VUlgO (Lat.), commonly.
W., verses, (mus.) first
and second violins.
VV.ll., varige lectiones (vari-
ant readings).
V.W., Very Worshipful.
v.y. (bibliog.),variousyears.
vying.
Vymwy ILake, Oswestry.
Vyvyan (Rev. Sir V.D.),
1826- ; — (Rt. Rev.
W. Ij.), Bishop of Zulu-
land {see also Vivian).
39a
V NOTES
393
W. — WALTHEB
w
W., Wales, warden, Wed-
nesday, Welsh, west, -em,
Western postal district,
London, all proper names
with this initial ; it is not
used in the numeration of
series.
W, wolfram (tungsten).
w., week, -s, wife, (naut.)
wet dew.
W.A., Western Australia.
wabble, not wo-.
W.A.F.F., West African
Frontier Force.
W. Afr., West Africa.
wagon/, -er, -ette, not
wagg-.
wagonj {Ft. m.), a railway
carriage ; lit, sleeping
car.
wagtail, a bird (one word).
Wahabis, a Mohammedan
sect, not -ees.
" Wahrheit (Dichtung
und) " (Ger.) (Truth
and Fiction), by Goethe.
Waiapu (Bp. of). New
Zealand.
Wai-hai-wei, use Wei-.
Wain (Charles's) (astr.).
wainscot/, -ed, -ing.
wakeful.
Wakley (Thomas), 1795-
1862, founded " The
Lancet'' in 1823 {see also
W^alkley).
WaL, Walloon.
Walachian, use Wall-.
Walbrodt (C. A.), 1871-,
chess player.
Walcot, Bath, Norwich ;
Walcote, Lutterworth ;
Walcott, Lincoln {see
also Wolcot).
Waldteufel (Emil), Ger-
man composer.
w^ale, a flesh mark, ws^ weal.
w^aler, a N.S.W. horse.
Wales, abbr. W.
Walhalla, use V-.
Walker (Matthew), a
knot,
walking-stick (hyphen).
Walkley (A. B.), 1855-,
writer {see also Wakley).
walk-over, no competition
(hyphen) ; abbr. W.O.
" Walkiire (Die)," second
part of Wagner's " Nibe-
lungen-Ring."
w^alkyrie, use v-.
wa//a(Ind.), aman, not -ah.
w^allaby, a small kangaroo,
not the many variations.
Wallace (Alfred Russel,
not -ell\ 1822-, natural-
t -ell)
ist ; — (Sir Donald M.),
1841-, writer ; — (Prof.
Robert), 1853-, agric.
writer; — (Sir Wil-
liam), 1272-1305, Scot,
hero ; — (W. V.), 1814-
65, composer {see also
Wallas, Wallis).
Wallachian, not Wala-.
Wallas (Graham), 1858-,
writer {see also Wallace,
Wallis).
wall-eyed (hyphen).
wallflower (one word).
Wallis (Q, H.), 1 847-,
art writer ; — (Henry),
1 830-, pain ter ; — (John),
1616-1703, a founder of
the Royal Society ; —
( Whitworth), art writer
{see also Wallace,
WaUas).
Walloon, abbr. Wal.
Wallop, fam. name of Earl
of Portsmouth ; pron.
w6l'up.
wall-paper (hyphen).
Walpurgis night, the
one preceding i May.
Walther (Otto), 1855-,
director of the Nordrach-
Kolonie.
394
WALTON — WELCHEE
Walton (Izaak), 1593-
1683, wrote " Compleat
Angler."
waltz, a dance ; in Fr. f.
valse (not ital.).
W. & A. (bot.), Wight and
Arnott.
W. & M., William and
Mary (King and Queen),
wapiti, Amer. elk, not
wapp-.
War, Warwickshire.
Ward (Mrs. Humphry,
not -rey), 1851-, writer,
warden, abbr. W.
Warington (Robert),
1838-1907, F.R.S. {see also
Warr-).
War Office, abbr. W.O.
warrant/er, in law -or.
warrant-officer(hyphen).
Warre (Edmond), 1837-,
Provost of Eton.
Warrington, Lanes {see
also Wari-).
Warwickshire, abbr.
War.
w^asegoose, use w^ayz-
Wash., Washington (offic.
abbr.).
wash-drawing, one made
with a brush and black
or neutral tint,
washhouse (one word),
wasn't (typ.),to be close up.
watch/case, -maker,
-w^ord (one word).
water-closet (hyphen),
abbr. W.C. (s.caps.).
water/course, -fall (one
word) ; lily (hyphen).
watering-place(hyphen).
watermark (typ.), a de-
sign within the paper
itself (one word).
water/proof, -works (one
word).
Watling Street, a Roman
road in England,
watt (elec), power,
wattling, twig structure.
Watts - Dunton (Theo-
dore), writer.
waul, a cat-cry, not -wl.
wav/e, -y.
way (under), moving, not
— weigh (two words).
wavy rule (typ.), v^-.^.^^—-.
Waynflete (William of),
1395-1486, Bp. of Win-
chester, Lord Chancellor.
W^ayzgoose/, printers' an-
nual dinner, etc., not the
many variations ; pi. -S.
Waziristan, Afghanistan,
not Wazar-.
W.B., way-bill.
W.C, Wesleyan Chapel,
Western - Central postal
district, London ; W.C,
water - closet, without
charge ; W.C.T.U.,
Woman's Christian Tem-
perance Union.
W.D., War Department,
Works ditto.
weal, a flesh mark, not wale.
wear, of a river, use w^eir.
weasand, the gullet, not
wez-.
weathercock (one word).
Webb (Sidney), 1859-,
writer.
Wedgwood ware, not
wedge- (no cap. or hy-
phen).
Wednesday, abbr. W., or
Wed.
w^eek/, -s, abbr. w., or wk.
weekday (one word); in
Fr., not cap., as lundi.
weever, a fish.
weigh (under), moving,
use — way.
weight, abbr. wt.
weights (typ.), use fig-
ures ; abbreviations as
cwt.,qr.,lb.,oz.,«o^tohave
s added for the plural.
Wei-hai-wei, not Wai-.
weir, of a river, not -ar.
Weismann (August),
1834-, zool.
Weissniohtw^o, in "Sar-
tor Resartus."
Weizsacker (Julius),
1 828-89, hist.; —(Karl),
1822-99, theol. ; pron.
vit'za-kr.
welcher (turf), not -sher.
395
WELDON — WHISTIiEB
Weldon (Sir A. A.), 1863-;
— (W. P. R.), zool. {see
also Welldon).
^^elk, use "w^h-.
well/-being, — -bom,
— -bred (hyphens).
Welldon ( Canon J.E.C.),
1854-, Bp. of Calcutta
1 898-1901 {see also Wel-
don).
Wellhauaen (Julius),
1844-, Ger. theologian.
■wellnigh (one word).
well-to-do (hyphens).
Welsh, abbr. W. ; (typ.)
alphabet has 26 letters;
ch, dd, ff, ng, 11, th, being
each counted as one. No
/, k, q, V, X, s. In addition
to the usual accents, w
( = 00) and y may have
the circumflex.
welsher (turf), use -cher.
welsh rabbit (cook.), not
— rarebit (not cap.).
Welwitschia (bot.).
Wemyss (Earl of); pron.
weemz.
Wergeland (Henrik),
1808-45, Norw. poet,
w^ergild, a fine, not were-.
Werkj (Ger. typ. n.), a
work ; pi. -e (cap.).
werwolf (myth.), a man-
wolf, not were-.
west/, -ern, abbr. W. {see
also compass).
West Africa, abbr. W.
Afr.
Westcott(B.Foss), 1825-
1901, Bp. of Durham.
West End, London (caps.).
westeria, use wistaria.
Western Australia, abbr.
W.A.
Westmeath, Co. Ire. ; —
(Earl of) (one word).
Westmorland, offic. ; —
(Earl of), not -eland.
West Virginia, abbr. W.
Va.
W.f. (typ.), wrong fount {see
proof correction marks
and wrong fount).
W.g., wire gauge.
whalebone (one word).
whallabee, use wallaby.
whar/f, abbr. whf. ; pi.
-ves.
Wharfedale, Yorks.
what-d*ye-call-it ? (col-
loq.) (hyphens, apos.).
Whately (Richard),
1787-1863, Abp. of Dub-
lin, not -ey.
Whatman paper, a first-
quality English hand-made
drawing paper (cap.).
whatnot, a ptece of fur-
niture with shelves (one
word).
wheatear, a bird (one
word).
wheat-ear, an ear of wheat
(hyphen).
wheelbarrow (one word).
Wheeler (J. Talboys),
1824-97, hist, of India.
Wheler (Sir T. W.),
1889-.
whelk, a mollusc, not we-.
whereas (law), a word
which introduces the re-
cital of a fact (one word,
usually cap.).
whether or not {not —
— no).
w^hf., wharf.
which (gram.), now refers
exclusively to things ; who,
to persons.
whifle-tree, use Whipple-.
w^hile aw^ay, not wi-.
whilom, not -e.
w^himbrel, a bird, not
wim-.
whimsey, a freak, not
-sy.
whipper/-in, pi. — a-in.
w^hipple-tree, mo^ whiffle-.
w^hip-poor-will, a bird
(hyphens).
whirl/poo^ -wind (one
word).
whisky, not -ey.
Whistler (J. McNeill,
not -eil), 1 834- 1903,
painter, etc.
396
WHITAKER — WINCEY
Whitaker & Sons, pub-
lishers of "Almanack"
(not -ac), etc., Warwick
Lane, E.C. {see also
Whittaker).
whit/e (typ.), any space of
paper not printed upon ;
-ish, -y ; white/ edges,
see edges; — line, a line
not printed upon.
"Whitehall, London (one
word).
Whiteing (Richard),
1840-, writer.
■whitening, not whitn-,
-ting.
white out (typ.), to space
out composed matter,
such as a title page.
White's Club, London.
White - Thomson (Sir
R. T.), 1831-.
whitewash (one word).
whiting, use whiten-.
Whitman (Walt), 1819-
92, Amer. poet.
Whit/-Monday, -Sun-
day, seventh after Easter
(caps., hyphen).
Whittaker & Co., pub-
lishers. White Hart St.,
E.C. (s^^ a/so Whitaker).
Whittier (J.G.), 1807-92,
Amer. poet.
Whittingehame, Pres-
tonkirk ; pron. -jam.
Whittingham, Lanes,
Northumb.; — (Charles),
1 767-1840, founder Chis-
wickPress;/>n)«.-ing-ham.
Whittlesea, Cambs, noi
-sey.
whiz, noi -zz.
W.H.M.A., Women's
Home Missionary Asso-
ciation.
W^ho (gram.), now refers
exclusively to persons :
which, to things.
whoa! stop !
whole-bound, bound
wholly in leather.
whooping-cough*, noi
hoop- — (hyphen).
who's, who is Capos.).
Whyte-Melville (G. J.),
1821-78, writer (hyphen).
W.I., West Indies, -ian.
wich/-elm, -hazel, use
wy-.
Wicliffe, see Wy-.
wide/awake,-spread(one
word).
widgeon, a bird, noi wig-.
Widmung (Ger. typ. f.),
dedication.
Wieland (C. M.), 1733-
1813, Ger. writer.
Wien, in Eng. Vienna.
Wieniaw^ski (Henri),
1835-80, violinist, com-
poser ; — (Joseph),
1857-, painter.
Wiesbaden (one word),
wife, abbr. w,
Wigan (Sir Frederick),
1827-1907.
wigeon, use widg-.
Wiggin (Sir Henry \
1824-1905 ; — (Mrs. K.
D.), writer.
Wight (Isle of), abbr.
I.W.
Wigorn., signature Bp. of
Worcester (full point).
Wigton, Cumberland.
Wigtown, Scotland.
Wilde (Henry), 1833-,
electrician.
wild-fowl (hyphen).
wile away, use w^h .
wilful/, -ly,-ness,«o^ will-.
Wilhelmj (August),
1 845-, Ger. violinist.
Wilhelmshafen, Ger.
naval station (one word).
will-o*-the-wisp,the ignis
fatuus (apos., hyphens).
Willoughby de Eresby
(Lord), pron. — derz'be.
Willshire (Sir A. R. T.),
1850-.
Wiltshire, abbr. Wilts.
Wimborne (Baron),
wimbrel, use wh-.
Winawer(S.),i839-, chess
player.
win/cey, a cloth, use -sey.
397
WINCHELSEA —WORMWOOD
Winchelsea, Sussex.
Winchilsea (Earl of).
Winckelmann (J. J.),
1717-68, Ger. art critic.
wind (naut.), i, light air;
2, light breeze ; 3, gentle
— ; 4, moderate — ; 5,
fresh — ; 6, strong — ;
7, moderate gale ; 8, fresh
— ; 9, strong — ; 10,
whole — ; II, storm ; 12,
hurricane.
Wind. I., Windward Is-
lands.
win/e, -y.
■winepress (one word).
"winsey, a cloth, not -cey.
wint/er, -ry (not cap.).
"wintergroen (one word).
Winton., signature Bp. of
Winchester (full point).
W.I.B,., West India Regi-
ment.
wire gauge, abbr. w.g.
wlsard, use wiz-.
Wisbech.Cambs, not -each.
Wise, Wisconsin (offic.
abbr.).
Wisdom of Solomon
(Apocr.), no abbr.
"Wiseacre (one word).
Wislicenus (Johannes),
1835-1902, chemist.
wistaria (bot.), «o/weste-.
witch/ -elm, -hazel, use
wych .
withal.
•writhe, a flexible twig, not
wythe, -y.
withhold, etc. (one word,
2 A's).
wivern, use wy-.
wizard, not wis-.
w^k., week, -s.
W.Ii.F., Women's Liberal
Federation.
W. long., west longitude.
W.M.S., Wesleyan Mis-
sionary Society.
W.N.W., west-north-west
{see also compass).
W.O., walk-over. War
Office.
wobble, use wa-.
Wodehouse, fam. name of
Earl of Kimberley ; pron.
wood-.
woebegone, not wob-.
woeful, not wof-.
Wohler (F.), 1800-82,
Ger. chemist.
Wolcot (John), 1738-
1819, " Peter Pindar "
{see also Walcot).
Wolf (liucien), 1857-,
journalist and writer.
Wolfe (Charles), 1791-
1823, writer and poet ; —
(James), 1727-59, took
Quebec.
Wolff (Sir H. Drum-
mond), d. 1908 ; — (J. C.
von), 1679-1754, philos.
and math. ; — ( Johan-
nes),'cellist; — (Joseph),
1795-1862, traveller; —
(K. F.), 1733-94, embry-
ologist {see also Wolfe,
Woulfe).
wolverine, not -ene.
w^omen's rights (apos.).
won't (typ.), to be close
up, one apos. only.
w^oodbine, honeysuckle,
not -ind.
woodcock/, m. andf.,/>/. -s.
woodcut (one word).
w^oodpecker (one word).
w^oodruff (bot.), not -roof,
woodwork (one word),
wool/, -len, -ly.
Woolsack (House of
Lords) (one word).
woolsorter's disease, not
-s' — .
Worcestershire, abbr.
Worcs.
Worde, see Wynkyn.
Word of God (the)
(caps.), but in New T. l.c.
w^orkaday (one word).
work/house, -man (one
word).
work off (typ.), actually to
print the paper,
w^ormwood (bot.).
Wormwood Scrubs,
near London.
398
WORSHIP — WYVERN
worship/, -ped, -per,
-ping,
wouldst (typ.), to be close
up, no apos.
Woulfe (Peter), 1727-
1806, chemist ; woulfe
bottles named after {see
also Wolf/, -e, Wolff),
w^ove paper, that which
does not showwire marks :
distinct from laid — .
W.P., Worthy Patriarch.
W.P.B., waste - paper
basket.
W.R,, West Riding, Yorks ;
Wirral Railway, Ches.
wrack *, a seaweed,
iwt r-.
wrasse, a fish, noi -ass.
wrath., very angry.
Wray, see Ray.
wreath (noun).
wreathe (verb).
Writers* Club, London
(apos.).
writers* cramp, not -er's
cramp.
writing paper, a better,
harder, and more highly
glazed kind than that used
for printing.
"wrongdoing (one word).
wrong fount (typ.), abbr.
W.f. This to be written
in the margin, and the
type itself underlined or
encircled.
wroth, wrathful.
Wrottesley (Baron).
W.S. (Sc), Writer to the
Signet (= attorney).
W.S.W., west-south-west
(see also compass),
"wt., weight.
Wiirtemberg, near Ba-
varia, offic. Wiirtt-.
«*Wuthering Heights,**
by Emily Bronte, 1846.
W. Va., West Virginia
(offic. abbr.).
Wyandotte, N. Amer.
Indians ; I.e. a fowl, not-ot.
wych/-elm, -hazel, not
wich-, witch-.
Wycherley (W.), 1640-
17 16, dramatist.
WycUf (John), d. 1384,
rel. reformer, not the many
variations.
Wymondham, Norfolk ;
pron. wind'ham.
Wyndham, fam. name of
Baron Leconfield ; — (Sir
Charles), 1841-, actor.
Wyndham - Quin, family
name of Earl of Dunraven.
Wynkyn de Wor de, 1471-
1534, second printer in
London.
Wyo., Wyoming (offic.
abbr.).
Wy. Ter., Wyoming Ter-
ritory,
wyth/e, -y, use withe,
wyvem, heraldic dragon,
not wi-.
399
W NOTES
W NOTES
401 26
X. — XYLONITE
X., Christ, all proper names
with this initial, the
twenty-first in a series.
X, ten, also certain kinds
of beer.
X (math.), the first unknown
quantity.
Xbre (Fr.), December.
XC, 90.
XCIX, 99.
xop., ex (without) coupon.
x.d.* or ex div.*, ex (with-
out) dividend.
Xeres, Spain, not Jerez.
x.i.*, ex (without) next
interest.
Xmas, Christmas (no point).
Xn., Christian.
x.n.*, ex (without) the
right to new shares.
X-ray (hyphen).
Xt., Christ.
XX, certain kinds of beer.
X X (paper), retree (no
point).
XXX, certain kindsof beer.
XXX (paper), broken or
outsides.
xylography, the printing
of fifteenth-century wood-
block books.
xylonite.
40a
X NOTES
403
Y. — YOSEMITE
Y., all proper names with
this initial, the twenty-
second in a series.
Y, yttrium.
y., year, -s.
y (math.), the second un-
known quantity.
yacht, in Fr. m. pron. yak;
in Ger. Jacht.
ya^(er(Ger.),huntsman, use
Ja-.
Yahveh (Heb.), Jahveh.
Yakutsk, Siberia, not J-.
Yangtze-kiang, Chinese
river.
yard/, -s, abbr. yd. ; (typ.)
number of to be in figures.
Yarde-Buller, fam. name
of Baron Churston.
Yarkand, Cent. Asia, not
-end, -und.
yarl, tise]-*.
Yaroalav, Russia, not J-.
yashmak, Moslem wo-
man's veil.
Y.B., year-book.
Yb, ytterbium.
Y.C., Yale College, U.S.A.
yd., yard, -s.
y«, =the, through confusing
the Anglo-Saxon J> ( = th)
with Old-Eng. g (y).
Yeames (W. F.), 1835-,
painter ; pron. yamz.
year/, -s, abbr. y.
year-book (hyphen), abbr.
Y.B.
years (typ.), in giving the
first and last of a series
use the fewest figures that
suffice,as 1892-8, 1855-80,
1 890- 1 904.
Yeats (W. B.), 1865-,
writer ; pron. yates.
yelk, use yo-.
yellow-hammer, a bird
(hyphen), not ammer.
•* Yellowplush Papers,"
by Thackeray, 184 1 (two
words).
Yellowstone/ Park; —
Elver (two words).
yen, the dollar of Japan,
about two shillings.
Yenisei, Siberian river, not
Jenissei.
Yeo,, Yeomanry.
Yerkes telescope, Amer.
yeux, see cell.
Yezo, Japan, not -sso.
Yggdrasill (Scan, myth.),
the tree binding heaven,
earth, and hell, not the
many variations (two Z's).
Yiddish, a Jewish dia-
lect.
ylang-ylang, perfume (hy-
phen).
Y.L.I., Yorkshire Light
Infantry.
Y.M.C.A., Young Men's
Christian Association ;
Y.M.Cath.A., ditto
Catholic — ; Y.M.C.U.,
ditto Christian Union :
Y.M.F.S., ditto Friendly
Society.
Ynca, use Inca*.
yodel/*, falsetto song; -led,
-ling, «o/-dle, jodel.
yokel, a rustic, not -chel,
-chle.
Yokohama (one word).
yolk, of an egg, not ye-.
Yonge (C. D.), 1812-91,
writer ; — (Charlotte
M.), 1832-1901, writer;
pron. yung (^see also
Young).
Yorke, fam. name of Earl
of Hardwicke.
Yorkshire/, abbr. Yorka
(no point) ; — Light In-
fantry, abbr. Y.L.I.
Yosemite Valley, Amer. ;
pron, yo-sem'i-t6.
404
YOUGHAL — Y.W.S.
Youghal, Ireland, approx.
pron. yawl.
YoiQ (Sir J. A.), 1809-
1904.
you'll (typ.), to be close
up.
Yoiing (Arthur), 1741-
1820 ; — (Brigham),
1801-77, Mormon leader ;
— (Edward), 1681- 1765,
wrote" Night Thoughts" ;
— (James), 181 1-83,
originator of commercial
paraflSn ; — (Thomas),
1773-1829, physicist {see
also Yonge).
younger, abbr. yr.
Young Men's Christian
Association, abbr.
Y.M.C.A.; ditto Wo-
men's, Y.W.C.A.
yours (no apos.).
Yquem (Chftteau-), a
Sauterne (hyphen).
yr., younger.
Yriarte (Charles), 1832-
98, Fr. writer.
Ysaye (Eugdne), 1858-,
violinist ; pron. e-si'ye.
Yseult/, -e, Ysolde,
Ysolt, Ysoude, use
Iseult.
ytterbium, symbol Yb.
yttrium, symbol Y.
Yukon/ River, — Terri-
tory, Alaska, not Youcon,
-kon.
Yvetot, Normandy ; pron.
ev'to.
Y.W.C.A., Young Wom-
en's Christian Association;
Y.W.C.T.U., ditto Tem-
perance Union ; Y. W.S.,
Young Wales Society.
4C5
Y NOTES
406
ZWINGLI
Z., all proper names with
this initial, the twenty-
third of a series, (Ger.)
Zeile (line), Zoll (m.),
inch, toll.
Z (mag.), symbol for reluc-
tance.
Z (math.), the third unknown
quantity.
Zach., Zachary.
Zaehnsdorf (J.), 1816-86,
bookbinder.
Zambezi, river, not -si.
2saiiana, use ze-.
Zangwill (Israel), 1864-,
writer.
Zaragoza, Spain ; in Eng.
Saragossa.
zariba (Arab.), fortified
camp, not the many varia-
tions.
Zarakoe, use Tsarskoye
Selo.
z. B. (Ger.), zum Beispiel
(for example).
Zech., Zechariah.
Zeeland, Holland, wo^Zea-.
Zeile (Ger. f.), line; abbr.
Z. (cap.).
Zeitgeist (Ger. m.), the
spirit of the time (cap.).
Zeltinger, a Moselle wine.
zenana(Ind.), the women's
apartments, not za-.
Zeph., Zephaniah.
zero/, pL -ss.
Zetinje, use Cetinje.
Z.G., Zoological Gardens.
zigzag/, -ged, -ging (one
word).
Zimmerinan (Henry),
1851-, painter.
Zimmermaim (Agnes
M.), composer; — ( J.G.),
1728-95, author of "Soli-
tude."
Zimmern (Alice), 1855-,
writer ; — (Helen),
1 846-, writer,
zinc, symbol Zn.
zincography, the art of
engraving, and printing
from zinc.
zingara {d la) (Fr. cook.),
in gipsy style.
zingarjO (It.), a gipsy, />/.
-/; /em. -a, pi. -e.
zirconium, symbol Zr.
Zn, zinc.
zodiac, see astronomy.
Zoll (Ger. m.), inch, toll ;
abbr. Z.
ZoUverein (Ger. m.), cus-
toms union.
zoochem., zoochemistry,
-ical.
zoogeog., zoogeography,
-ical.
zool., zoology, -ical, -ist.
zoology, Mo/zoOl-, but pron.
zo-ol'- ; abbr. zool.; (typ.)
genera, species, and
varieties to be italic, other
divisions roman.
zo/on, an animal ; pi. -a.
Zr, zirconium.
Z.S., Zoological Society.
Zuider Zee, Holland ipron.
zoy'dr zay.
Zukertort (J. H.), 1842-
88, chess player.
Zulu, not Zool 00.
Zxiluland (Bp. of) (one
word).
zum Beispiel (Ger.), for
example ; abbr. z. B.
Zurich, Switz. ; in Ger. Zii-.
Zuscbrift (Ger. f.), letter,
dedication.
zweitens (Ger.), secondly.
Zwingli (Ulrich), 1484-
153 1, theologian.
407
Z NOTES
408
YA 03l2o
M127C44
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