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HALL,  with  Memoir  by  Dr.  Gregory,  an  Essay  on  his  character  by  John  Foster. 

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4  SCHLEGELS  LECTURES  ON   THE   PHILOSOPHY  OF   HISTORY,   TRANS- 

lated  from  the  German,  with  a  Memoir  of  the  Author,  by  J.  JB.  Robertson,  Esq. 

5&,6.  SISMONDIS    HISTORY   OF   THE    LITERATURE  OF   THE   SOUTH  OF 

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last  German  Edition  by  A.  J.  W.  Morrison.    "With  Memo..r  and  Portrait. 

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tion  of  the  Monarchy  by  Rodolph  of  Hapsburgh,  to  the  Death  of  Leopold  II., 
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16.  LANZIS    HISTORY    OF    PAINTING.       A    REVISED     TRANSLATION     BY 

Thomas  Roscoe,  complete  in  3  vols:    Vol.  I.     With  pie  Portrait  of  Raphael. 

17.  OCKLEY'S   HISTORY   OF  THE   SARACENS,  REVISED,   ENLARGED,   AND 

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23.  LANZIS   HISTORY  OF   PAINTING.    VOL.  3.    Portrait  oj  Correygio. 

24.  MACHIAVELLIS     HISTORY    OF     FLORENCE,     PRINCE,     AND     OTHER 

Works.     With  Portrait. 

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PHILOSOPHY  OF  LANGUAGE,  translated  by  A.  J.  W.  Morrison. 

26.  LAMARTINE'S    GIRONDISTS.      VOL.   2.      Portrait  of  Madame  Roland. 

27.  RANKE'S    HISTORY    OF   THE    POPES,   TRANSLATED    BY    E.    FOSTER. 

Complete  in  3  vols.    Vol.  I.    Portrait  oj  Julius  II.,  after  Raphael. 

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30.  COXES  MEMOIRS  OF  MARLBOROUGH.     VOL.2.    Portrait  of  the  Duchess 

31.  GOETHE'S  AUTOBIOGRAPHY,  13  BOOKS.     PORTRAIT 
2.  RANKE'S    HISTORY  OF    THE    POPES.     VOL.2.      With  Index,  and  Portrait 


VOL.3.    With  a  Memoir 


VOL.  1 


of  Innocent  X. 

33.  LAMARTINE'S  HISTORY  OF  THE  GIRONDISTS. 

of  Laniartme,  and  a  Sketch  of  the  last  Revolution. 

34.  COXE'S  MEMOIRS  OF  THE  DUKE  OF  MARLBOROUGH.     VOL. 

35.  WHEATLEY  ON  THE  COMMON  PRAYER.     FRONTISPIECE. 

36.  RANKE'S   POPES.     VOL.3.    Portrait  of Clement  VII. 

37.  MILTON'S  PROSE  WORKS.     VOL.1.    Portrait. 
38-  ^S^VSSSSJ?  GERMANY-     COMPLETE  IN  3  VOLS 

39.  MILTON'S  PROSE  WORKS.     VOL.  2.    Frontispiece. 

40.  MILTONS  PROSE  WORKS.     VOL.  3.     Portrait  of  Laud. 

41.  MENZEL'S  HISTORY  OF  GERMANY.   VOL.  2.    Portrait  of  Charles  V. 

43-  ^Itt^^^^  of  his  A«tooiography, 

"■  "^SS^^A^^^^Si^^  ^.ESKO," 
45.  MENZEL'S  GERMANY.     VOL.  3.    Portrait  of  Prince  Metternich. 
SCHLEGEL'S  LECTURES  ON  MODERN  HISTORY. 

REVOLUTION    OF    1848. 


46 

47.  LAMARTINE'S    HISTORY    OF    THE    FRENCH 

With  Frontispiece,  containing  6  Portraits 

51.  TAYLOR'S   (JEREMY)  HOLY  LIVING  AND  DYING.    Portrait 

52-  go^qeu\M^^ 

With«GOETZ  VON  BERLICHfis^^  Swanwick. 

53'  H^S^vS^^^^^^%^^UmOH    CAREFULLY 

54.  NEANDER'S  LIFE  OF  CHRIST.    COMPLETE  IN  1  VOL 

55.  VASARIS  LIVES,  BY  MRS.  FOSTER.     VOL.  2. 

56.  NEANDERS  CHURCH  HISTORY.    VOL.  2. 


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With  the 


j 


• 


8fe^ 


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*mm 


|Kbrarg 


BATTLES 


THE  BRITISH  NAVY 


VOL.  II. 


3 


r  CD  o 


H 


BATTLES 


Of 


THE    BRITISH    NAVY. 


BY 

JOSEPH   ALLEN,   ESQ.,   R.N., 

OF     GKEKNWICH     HOSPITAL. 

j^clu  station,  iUbtedJ  auto  Crnlargcto. 

IN   TWO   VOLUMES. 
VOL.  II. 

"Palmafta  qui  meruit  feral." 

LONDON: 
HENRY  G.  BOHN,  YORK  STREET,  COVENT  GARDEN. 

MDCCCL1I. 


10 

hi 

v<3 


printed  by 

cox  (brothers)  and  wyman,  great  queen  street, 

lincoln's-inn  fields. 


CONTENTS   OF  VOL.   II. 


1800. 

General  use  of  carronades,  page  1 — capture  of  Gdnereux,  1.  Capture 
of  Pallas,  2.  Peterel  and  Ligurienne,  3.  Capture  of  Guillaume  Tell,  4. 
Capture  of  El  Carmen  and  Florentina — capture  of  Imprenable,  6.  Cut- 
ting out  the  Prima  galley,  7.  Boat  actions  under  Lieutenant  Burke,  8. 
Capture  of  Desire'e,  10.  Capture  of  the  Freya — boarding  the  Cerbere, 
11.  Me'de'e  .captured  by  an  Indiaman,  12.  Seine  and  Vengeance — 
Success  and  Diane,  13.  Cutting  out  of  the  Guepe — surrender  of 
Malta — capture  of  Esmeralda  and  Paz,  14.  Lieutenant  Fitton  at 
Curacoa,  15.  Gipsy  and  Quidproquo — boats  of  Phaeton — Mill  brook 
and  Bellone,  16.  Cutting  out  the  Edolaise — Admiral  Pasley  and 
Spanish  gun-boats,  17. 


1801, 


Armed  Neutrality — destruction  of  the  Senegal,  18.  Capture  of  the 
Eclair,  the  Sans  Pareille,  and  the  De"daigneuse,  19.  Active's  prize  and 
Santa  Maria,  20.  Bordelais  with  Curieux  and  consorts,  21.  Expedition 
to  Egypt,  22.  Success  captured — Penguin  and  French  squadron,  24. 
Phoebe  and  Africaine,  25.  Boats  of  Andromache  and  Cleopatra  at 
Levita,  26.  Expedition  to  Copenhagen,  26.  Lord  Nelson's  negotiation, 
33.  Anecdote  of  Nelson,  37  {note).  Boats  of  Trent  at  Bre'hat — Speedy 
and  Gamo,  38.  Cutting  out  exploits,  40.  Swiftsure  and  Speedy  cap- 
tured, 41.  Action  in  Algesiras  Bay,  42.  Junction  of  a  Spanish 
squadron,  46.  Superb  and  Spanish  three-deckers,  48.  Cutting  out  of 
the  Chevrette,  50.  Henry  Wallis,  of  the  Beaulieu,  53 — capture  of  the 
Invention,  53.  Sylph  and  French  frigate,  54.  Capture  of  Carrere  and 
Eveille,  55.  Attack  on  the  Boulogne  flotilla,  56.  Sibylle  and  Chiffonne, 
57.  Boats  of  Fisgard  off  Corunna,  59.  Victor  and  Fle'che,  60.  Pasley 
and  Spanish  polacre — peace  of  Amiens,  61.  Losses  of  the  British 
Navy,  62.     Losses  of  the  enemy,  63. 


1803. 
Renewal   of  the   war — state  of  the  British  Navy — capture  of  the 
Affronteur   and   the   Franchise,    64.     Cutting  out   of  the  Venteux — 


523-IS3 


CONTENTS. 

numerous  o4  x>.  oo.    Anecdote  of  a  sailor  of  the  Minerva  \notn) 

Da|Ma^   op.     Kaooon  with  Lodi.   vtc  67.     Boats 

af   Hvdr.i    il    U.*\  re —capture   and   recapture  of  the    Lord   Nelson — 

S       Bombardments  of  Kappa  and  Granville, 

•pe  off  the  Texel.   71.     Cancan   of  Baaaoica — 

Blanche  in   Manociiille   Bay.    7_.     Gallantry   of  Lieutenant 

\  .  "  e  Rarmotiie.   74        Lieutenant  Willoughby 

-    75. 


1804. 

The   '   British  sfoof)   ol  vvar  Diamond  Rock."  76.     (  |        '■    the 

Curieux.  77.    Panee  and  1.        -    3  s»  71  ~  ,f  the  Blenheim 

•v.  SO.     Capture  of  the  Mozambique — boats  of  the  Pru  k 

-  the  Renommee,  SI.     Capture  of  the  Egyp- 

■        _  -  inure 

and    Psyche,    84        ^  _         ad    French 

Dutch    prames  and  gun-boats,   and  -  s  and 

nes  and  Bonaparte.  >?       B  -  Baj — 

-e  of  the  Lily.  > 7.     A  '  _  t  the 

Lttatk    on   the    General    Ernouf — capture   of    the 

~  .uadron.  90.    Capture  of  Spanish 

-     -  S  ".  91.     Recapture  of  Goree.  92. 


? 

Spain — attack  on  the  Yimereux.  9?.     Sufferings  of  Lieu- 
N     -  a's  pursuit  ot  Yilleneuve — Gipsy 

a  of  Arrow  and  Acheron — capture  of 
the  r  S  renao  and  ft  ra  and 

rd  and  General  Ernouf.  100.     Boats 
I 

IVoe-^-bord  and  Esperanza.  10$.     Lieutenant  Yeo  at 
Boats  "  .   " '•  "s  River.  I  re  of 

-  -  with 

the  B  S  v-hiem  and 

Raaoaa  andT. 
-    .aable  and  Topaie,  lit*.     Captu-  117. 

\  I18L 

Trafalgar.  119*     Pea:  K     - 

man  I  »W    Heavy  gale  and  Ices  of  the  \ 

..an  and  Dumanoir.  14SL     E  -  Serpent  at  TVuxillo — cap- 


? 


fceur  and  Xapoleo.  _  :   e  Raposo. 

161. 
::geur,    163.      Capture  ~-*ra. 


CONTENTS.  vn 

Ne*arque,  and  Vigilante,  164.  Capture  of  the  Tapageuse,  165.  Cap- 
ture of  the  Bergere— cutting  out  the  ( riganta,  166.  Pallas  and  Minerva, 
167-  Capture  of  the  Diligente — Warren  Hastings  and  Pie"montaise,  168. 
Capture  of  Bellone,  170.  Cutting  out  the  Ce"sar,  170.  Blanche  and 
Gruerriere,  171.  Capture  of  Pallas  and  consorts,  17*2.  Capture  of  Rhin, 
173.  Phosphorus  and  French  privateer,  174.  Capture  of  the  Pomona, 
175.  Privateers  destroyed  at  Batahano,  176.  Capture  of  French 
frigate  squadron,  177.  Capture  of  the  Presirlente — boat  action  on  the 
coast  of  Spain,  179.  Caroline  and  Dutch  squadron,  180.  Pitt  and 
Superbe,  181.  Unrequited  services  of  Lieutenant  Fitton,  183.  Boat 
actions  in  the  West  Indies,  184.     Halcyon  and  Spanish  squadron,  185. 


1807. 

Storming  of  Curacoa,  188.  Boats  of  Cerberus  at  Martinique — expe- 
dition against  Buenos  Ayres,  188.  Storming  a  battery  at  Fort  Ro- 
quette — boarding  the  Lynx,  189.  Recapture  of  Favourite — boats  of 
Lark  at  Lishata — expedition  to  Constantinople,  191.  Repassing  the 
I 'anlanelles,  194.  Expedition  to  Egypt — attack  on  Samana,  195. 
Grlatton  at  Sign  —  Comus  at  Puerta  de  Haz,  196.  Comus  at  Grand 
Canaria,  197.  Search  for  deserters — Leopard  and  Chesapeake,  198. 
Boats  of  Spartan  beaten  off  by  a  polacre,  199.  Remarkable  escape  of 
James  Bodie,  200  (note).  Sally  and  consorts  in  the  Vistula,  201. 
Expedition  to  Copenhagen,  202.  Danish  ships  captured,  206.  Hydra 
at  Begur,  207.  Confiance  at  Cuardia,  208.  Capture  of  Heligoland — 
rapture  of  the  Jeune  Richard,  209.  Boats  of  Porcupine  in  the  Adri- 
atic, 210.  Ann  beats  off  ten  Spanish  gun-boats,  211.  Curieux  and 
Revanche,  21 2.  Grasshopper  and  San  Josef,  213.  Sir  Edward  Pel- 
lew  at  Griesse,  214.  Capture  of  St.  Thomas,  St.  Croix,  and  Madeira. 
216. 


1808. 

Linnet  and  Cruiser — Delight  burnt  —  capture  of  Dorade,  217. 
Boat  actions,  218.  San  Fiorenzo  and  Pieinontaise,  219.  Boats  of 
Emerald  at  Viveros,  221.  Childers  and  Lougen — Prindtz  Christian 
Frederick  destroyed  —  Terpsichore  and  Se"millante,  222.  Fortunate 
voyage  of  the  Se"millante,  223  (note).  Convoy  captured  at  Flodstrand, 
224.  Spanish  convoy  attacked  off  Cadiz,  225.  Unfortunate  attack  on 
the  Garotta,  226.  Death  of  Capt.  Shipley,  227.  Grasshopper  and 
Rapid  at  Faro  —  Goree  with  French  corvettes,  228.  Falcon  in  the 
Baltic — capture  of  Ronco  and  consorts — Redwing  and  Spanish  convoy, 
229.  Weasel  and  Requin,  230.  Capture  of  the  Griffon — the  Tartar  at 
Bergen,  231.  Capture  of  Guelderland — destruction  of  the  Balleine,  233. 
Actions  with  Danish  gun-boats,  234.  Seagull  and  Lougen,  235.  Cap- 
ture of  Volpe,  236.  Boats  of  Porcupine  in  the  Adriatic,  237.  Seahorse 
and  Turkish  squadron,  238.  Capture  of  the  Badere  Zaffer,  239.  Death 
of  Lieut.  Spearing  at  St.  Martin's— boats  of  Kent  and  Wizard  at  Noli, 
242.     Comet  with  Espiegle  and  Sylphe,  243.     Action  with  the  Russian 


Vlll  CONTENTS. 

fleet  near  Hango  Head,  244.  Sewolod  destroyed,  246.  Capture  of 
Rook  —  Recruit  and  Diligente,  247.  Laurel  and  Canonniere,  248. 
Capture  of  Maria,  249.  Carnation  and  Palinure,  250.  Capture  of 
Palinure — Africa  and  Danish  gun-boats,  251.  Capture  of  the  Jena — 
Amethyst  and  Thetis,  252.  Boats  of  Heureux  at  Mahaut — death  of 
Captain  Coombe,  255.     Destruction  of  the  Cigne,  256. 


1809. 


Captain  Yeo  at  Guy  an  e  —  Confiance  and  Topaze,  259.  Onyx  and 
Manly — capture  of  Iris  and  Hdbe,  260.  Capture  of  Topaze — Am- 
phion  at  Melita,  261.  Junon  and  Horatio — capture  of  Var,  262.  Cap- 
ture of  Martinique,  263.  Destruction  of  three  French  frigates  at  Sables 
d'Olonne  —  Lieut.  Roberts  in  Basque  roads  (note),  264.  Attempt  to 
destroy  the  French  fleet  there,  265.  Renewed  attacks,  274.  Court' 
martial,  276.  Arethusa  at  Lequito — boats  of  Mercury  cut  out  the 
Le"da,  278.  Amethyst  and  Niemen,  279.  Chase  and  capture  of 
D'Hautpoult,  281.  Attack  on  Pesaro,  282.  Thrasher  and  Boulogne 
flotilla — Spartan  and  Mercuiy  at  Cesenatico — Melpomene  at  Huilbo, 
283.  Tartar  at  Felixburg — presence  of  mind  of  one  of  her  crew — 
Goldfinch  and  Mouche,  284.  Capture  of  Anholt — Melpomene  and 
Danish  gun-boats — Topaze  at  Demata,  285.  Scout  and  convoy  off 
Cape  Croisette — capture  of  Ischia  and  Procida,  286.  Cyane  and  Espoir 
with  Ceres,  287.  Boats  of  Bellerophon  at  Hango  Head,  288.  Capture 
of  Furieuse,  289.  Attack  on  Russian  gun-boats,  290.  Capture  of 
Senegal — boats  of  Scout  at  Carri,  291.  Boat  attack  in  Aspo  roads — 
capture  of  convoy  at  Duin,  292.  The  Walcheren  expedition — boats  of 
Otter  at  Riviere  Noire,  293.  Boats  of  Amphion  at  Cortelazzo,  295. 
Capture  of  the  Puglie'se — Diana  and  Zephyr,  296.  Capture  of  St.  Paul's, 
Bourbon,  297-  Destruction  of  Robust  and  Lion,  299.  Destruction  of 
convoy  at  Rosas,  300.  Capture  of  Zante,  &c. — capture  of  Victor,  301. 
Reduction  of  Ras-el-Khyma — capture  of  Nisus,  302.  Capture  of  Bear- 
nais  and  Papillon — Junon  and  French  squadron,  303.  Death  of  Capt. 
Shortland,  305  (and  note).  Destruction  of  the  Seine  and  Loire,  306. 
Death  of  Capt.  Cameron,  307. 


1810. 

Capture  of  Aimable  Nelly  and  Oreste,  308 — boats  of  Freija  at  Ma- 
haut, 309.  Surrender  of  Guadaloupe,  310.  Rainbow  and  Avon  with 
NeYeide,  311.  Lieut.  Guion  in  Basque  roads — capture  of  Amboyna, 
312.  Capture  of  Necessite  and  Echo — attack  on  Castiglione,  313. 
Recapture  of  Laurel — surrender  of  Santa  Maura — capture  of  Alcide, 
314.  Boats  of  Nereide  at  Jacotel,  315.  Accident  to  Capt.  Willoughby, 
317  (note).  Spartan  and  Neapolitan  squadron,  318.  Boats  of  Armide, 
&c.  at  Fosse  de  l'Oye,  320.  Tribune  and  Danish  gun-boats — boat 
attack  at  Grao,  321.  Capture  of  Indiaman — capture  of  Bourbon,  322. 
Capt.  Cole  at  Banda  Neira,  323.  Letter  from  "  the  Carolines,"  326 
(note).     Alceste  at  Alassio — heroic  conduct,  327.     Capture  of  Danish 


CONTENTS.  IX 

gun-boats.  Attack  on  Amanthea — Procris  and  Dutch  gun-boats — cap- 
ture of  Isle  de  la  Passe,  329.  Enemy  decoyed  into  Grand  Port,  331. 
Recapture  of  the  Windham,  332.  Unsuccessful  attack  on  the  French 
ships  in  Grand  Port,  333.  Surrender  of  the  British  force,  336.  Queen 
Charlotte  and  Swan — boats  of  Dreadnought  at  Ushant — boats  of  Sur- 
veillante,  &c.  off  the  Morbihan,  337.  Capture  and  recapture  of  the 
Africaine,  339.  Ceylon  and  Venus,  341.  Boadicea  and  Venus — boats 
of  Caledonia,  &c.  in  Basque  Roads,  342. '  Captures  of  privateers,  343, 
344.  Capture  of  the  Isle  of  France,  344.  Capture  of  Mamelouck — 
Entreprenant  beats  off  four  large  French  privateers,  345.  Rinaldo  and 
French  privateers,  346.     Boats  of  Kent,  &c.  at  Palamos,  347. 


1811. 

Boats  of  Cerberus  and  Active  at  Pestichi  and  Ortona,  348.  Action 
off  Lissa,  349.  Destruction  of  the  Amazone,  354.  Defence  of  Anholt, 
355.  Belle  Poule  and  Alceste  at  Parenza,  358.  Action  off  Madagas- 
car, 359.  Scylla  and  Canonniere  —  war  with  the  United  States,  362. 
Amei-ican  44-gun  frigates,  363.  Little  Belt  and  President,  364.  Sir 
Francis  Drake  and  Dutch  gun-boats,  365.  Boats  of  Sabine  at  Sabiona 
—  Alacrity  and  Abeille,  366.  Boats  of  Pilot  at  Strongoli,  367.  Gua- 
daloupe  with  Tactique  and  Guepe  —  capture  of  St.  Francois  de  Paule, 

368.  Thames,  &c.  at  Porto  del  Infreschi — boat  actions  in  the  Adriatic, 

369.  Storming  Fort  Marrack,  370.  Capture  of  Java,  371.  Reduc- 
tion of  Madura,  373.  Boats  of  Quebec,  &o.  in  the  Jahde,  374.  Hawk 
and  French  convoy — Diana  and  Semiramis  in  the  Gironde,  376.  Teazer 
and  convoy  captured,  377.  Capture  of  Manly — actions  with  Boulogne 
flotilla,  378.  Boats  of  Imperieuse  at  Salerno,  3S0.  Capt.  Napier  at 
Palinuro  —  Skylark  and  Locust  and  French  gun-vessels,  381.  Perlen 
with  Trident  and  squadron — capture  of  Corceyere,  382.  Capture  of 
Pomone,  383.  Capt.  Gordon  wounded,  384  (note).  Capture  of  Per- 
sanne,  384. 


1812. 


Capture  of  Ame'thyste  and  Merinos,  385.  Capture  of  Rivoli,  387. 
Rosario  and  Boulogne  flotilla,  388.  Capture  of  Martinet  —  boats  of 
Hyacinth,  &c.  at  Malaga,  389.  Capture  and  recapture  of  the  Apelles, 
390.  Boats  of  Leviathan,  &c.  at  Languelia  and  Alassio,  391.  Thames 
and  Pilot  at  Sapri — French  Frigates  destroyed  at  the  Isle  of  Groix,  392. 
Menelaus  chases  a  frigate  and  brig — cutting  out  of  the  Dorade — Swallow 
with  Renard  and  Goeland,  393.  Briseis  at  Pillau,  394.  Belvidera 
chased  by  American  squadron,  395.  Danish  squadron  destroyed  at 
Malmo,  397.  Capture  of  the  Eole,  398.  Sealark  and  Ville  de  Caen, 
399.  Boats  of  Minstrel  at  Biendom  —  gallantry  of  Mr.  Dwyer,  and 
generosity  of  the  French  officers,  400.  Alert  and  Essex,  401.  Guer- 
riere  and  Constitution,  402.  Comparative  force  of  the  combatants,  405 
(note).  Boats  of  Bacchante  at  Rovigno,  405.  Laura  and  Diligente — 
Frolic  and  Wasp,  406.  Macedonian  and  United  States,  40S.  Capture 
VOL.  II.  b 


CONTENTS. 


of  the  Java,  411.     Edward  Keele,  midshipman,  414  (note).     Albacore 
and  Pickle  with  Gloire — capture  of  Ruse,  415. 


1813. 


Boat  actions,  416.  Capture  of  the  island  of  Augusta — Amelia  and 
Are*tkuse,  417.  Boats  of  Kingfisher  at  Corfu — Cutting  out  of  the  Lot- 
tery, 419.  Boarding  American  schooners,  420.  Peacock  and  Hornet, 
421.  Comparative  force  of  the  combatants  (note)  —  surrender  of  Ponza 
— boats  of  Undaunted,  &c.  near  Marseilles,  422.  Weasel  and  gun- 
boats, 423.  Boat  expedition  on  the  Susquehanna,  424.  Shannon  and 
Chesapeake,  425.  Comparative  force  of  the  combatants,  430.  Surveyor 
captured,  431.  Boats  of  Bacchante  at  Gela  Nova — capture  of  Fortune 
and  Aspe,  432.  Capture  of  the  Anaconda — Martin  and  American  gun- 
boats, 433.  Capture  of  the  Dominica — actions  on  the  Canadian  lakes, 
434.  Pelican  and  Argus,  436.  Boxer  and  Enterprise,  437.  Alphea 
and  Renard,  438.  Action  on  Lake  Erie,  439.  Boats  of  Swallow  off 
the  Tiber,  441.  Flibustier  destroyed  —  Furieuse  at  Marinello,  422. 
Capture  of  Weser  and  Trave  —  Thunder  and  Neptune,  443.  Snap  and 
Lion — action  off  Toulon  —  boats  of  Undaunted  at  Port  Nouvelle,  444. 
Reduction  of  St.  Sebastian,  445. 


1814. 


Surrender  of  Gluckstadt — capture  of  Ceres,  446.  Surrender  of  Cattaro 
—capture  of  Heureux — capture  of  Iphigenie  and  Alcmene,  447.  Creole 
and  Astrea  with  Etoile  and  Sultane,  448.  Capture  of  Terpsichore,  449. 
Action  off  Toulon — Phcebe  and  Essex,  450.  Eurotas  and  Clorinde,  451. 
Congreve  guns,  453  (note).  Capture  of  Mars,  453.  Primrose  and  Marl- 
borough packet,  454.  Hebrus  and  Etoile,  455.  Capture  of  Sultane — 
boats  of  Porcupine  at  Pouillac — destruction  of  Regulus  —  boat  action  in 
the  river  Connecticut,  456.  Capture  of  Frolic — Epervier  and  Peacock, 
457.  Bonaparte  conveyed  to  Elba  —  lake  squadrons,  459.  Operations 
on  Lake  Ontario,  460.  Action  in  Sandy  Creek,  461.  Shipping  de- 
stroyed at  Wareham — Reindeer  and  Wasp,  462.  Heroic  death  of  Capt. 
Manners,  463  (and  note).  Schooners  destroyed  on  Lake  Erie — Death  of 
Sir  Peter  Parker,  464.  Avon  and  Wasp,  465.  Operations  on  Lake 
Huron,  466.  Capture  of  Tigress  and  Scorpion,  467.  Expedition  to 
Hamden,  468.  Destruction  of  the  Adams,  469.  Operations  on  Lake 
Champlain,  470.  Destruction  of  the  British  squadron,  472.  Commo- 
dore Barney's  flotilla,  473,  476.  British  incursions,  474.  Battle  of 
Bladensburg,  477.  Capture  of  Washington,  478.  Expedition  to  Alex- 
andria (U.  S.),  480.  Descent  of  the  Potomac,  481.  Attack  on  Balti- 
more, 483.  Attack  on  Fort  Bowyer,  486.  Destruction  of  the  General 
Armstrong — attack  on  the  Neufchatel,  487.  Capture  of  American 
flotilla  on  Lake  Borgne,  488. 

1815. 
Endymion  and  President,  491.    Comparative  force  of  the  combatants, 


CONTENTS.  XI 

492,  (note).  Capture  of  Cyane  and  Levant,  493.  Capture  of  St.  Law- 
rence, 495.  Penguin  and  Hornet,  496.  Peacock  and  Nautilus,  499. 
Peace  with  America — Rivoli  and  Melpomene— Pilot  and  Legere — Rhin 
and  squadron  at  Corigeou,  500.  Removal  of  the  ex-emperor  to  St. 
Helena,  501.    Losses  of  the  contending  parties  from  1793  to  1815,  502. 


1816. 

Bombardment  of  Algiers,  504. 


1827. 
Battle  of  Navarin,  514. 


1840. 
Operations  on  the  coast  of  Syria,  524. 


ILLUSTRATIONS  TO  VOL.  II. 


■William  IV 

Lord  Nelson's  last  Telegraphic  Signal... 
Rear- Admiral    Sir  James    Saumarez,  G.C.B 

age  of  45     ... 
Admiral  Sir  Richard  Goodwin  Keats,  G.C.B, 
Admiral  Rainier 

Vice- Admiral  Lord  Viscount  Nelson,  K.B 
Vice- Admiral  Lord  Collingwood,  K.B. 

H.M.  ship  Victory        

Admiral  Sir  Sidney  Smith,  G.C.B.      ... 


Vice-Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Masterman  Hardy,  Bart.  G.C.B.  253 

Captain  Edward  Pelh am  Brenton       ...  ...  ...  257 

Vice-Admiral  Sir  James  Saumarez,  K.B.        ...  ...  285 

Captain  Sir  Nesbit  Josiah  Willoughby,  Kt.  G.B.C.  ...  314 

Captain  Sir  William  Hoste,  Bart.  K.B.C. 350 

Admiral  Sir  George  Cockburn,  G.C.B 420 

Admiral  Lord  Viscount  Exmouth,  G.C.B.      ...  ...  504 

Admiral  Sir  Edward  Codrington,  G.C.B.        ...  ...  514 

Admiral  the  Hon.  Sir  Robert  Stopford,  G.C.B.  ...  524 


. .  Frontispiece. 
. .  Vignette  Title. 
,,  at   the 

Page  41 
...       50 

57 

93 

123 

140 

193 


DIAGRAMS. 

Sir  James  Saumarez's  action  in  Algesiras  Bay 

Track  of  the  Victory  at  Trafalgar 

Sir  John  Duckworth's  action  off  St.  Domingo 

Sketch  of  Basque  Roads 

Spartan  with  Ceres  and  consorts 

Action  off  Lissa 

Plan    of  the   fortifications  of  St.  Jean   d'Acre,    and 

positions  of  the  ships  of  the  allied  squadrons  under 

Admiral  Sir  Robert  Stopford 


45 
132 
158 
267 
318 
350 


539 


BATTLES  OF  THE  BRITISH  NAVY. 


1800. 

At  the  commencement  of  this  century,  carronacles  were 
in  general  use  in  all  classes  of  ships.  The  war  was  still 
prosecuted  with  vigour,  although  one  of  the  first  acts  of 
Napoleon,  on  attaining  the  chief  consulship  of  France,  was  to 
make  proposals  for  peace.  His  terms,  however,  were  inad- 
missible, and  the  overture  was  considered  an  artifice  ;  for, 
had  an  armistice  been  concluded,  Napoleon  would,  in  all 
probability,  have  used  it  for  the  purpose  of  sending  troops 
and  stores  to  the  colonies  and  acquired  dependencies,  with 
the  design  of  renewing  the  war. 

On  the  18th  of  February,  the  French  74-gun  ship  Gene- 
reux  was  captured  off  Malta  by  the  Mediterranean  fleet 
under  Vice- Admiral  Lord  Keith.  The  only  person  killed 
on  board  the  Genereux  was  Bear- Admiral  Perree.  This 
gallant  officer  was  severely  wounded  in  the  eye  by  a  splinter, 
but  continued  on  deck  giving,  orders,  until  a  shot  took  off 
his  right  thigh,  from  which  wound  he  died  in  a  few  minutes. 
The  capture  of  the  Gfenereux  was  accompanied  by  that  of 
the  supplies  for  the  French  garrison  at  Valetta. 

Intelligence  having  reached  Jersey  that  .a  French  frigate 
was  hovering  about  the  islands,,  the  16-gun  corvette  Fairy 
and  18-gun  brig-sloop  Harpy,  Commanders  Joshua  Sydney 
Horton  and  Henry  Bazeley,  weighed  from  St.  Aubin's  Bay, 
on  the  morning  of  the  5th  of  February,  with  a  fresh  breeze 
at  north-west.  At  llh.  30m.  a.m.,  Cape  Frehel  bearing 
south-east,  distant  six  miles,  a  large  ship  was  discovered 
running  down  along  the  land  to  the  westward,  and  it  was 

VOL.  II.  B 


2  CAPTURE    OF   THE   PALLAS.  [1800. 

determined  to  bring  the  stranger  (which  was  the  French 
18-pounder  38-gim  frigate  Pallas,  Captain  Jacques  Epron)  to 
action.  In  order  to  draw  her  off  the  land,  the  Fairy  and 
Harpy  tacked  to  the  northward.  The  Pallas  immediately 
followed,  and  at  lh.  P.M.,  having  arrived  within  pistol-shot 
to  windward  of  the  British  vessels,  which  were  close  together 
— the  Fairy  astern,  an  action  commenced.  The  Harpy,  putting 
her  helm  down  occasionally,  luffed  across  the  bows  of  the 
Pallas,  and  raked  her  with  much  effect.  The  engagement 
continued  in  this  manner  until  3h.  p.m.,  when  the  wind 
having  changed  to  south-west,  the  Pallas  bore  up,  and  made 
sail.  The  British  vessels,  having  repaired  damages,  made 
sail  after  the  frigate,  which  latter,  observing  two  sail  ahead, 
had  hauled  up  north-west,  pursued  by  the  Harpy  and  Fairy. 
The  strangers  were  the  38-gun  frigate  Loire,  Captain  New- 
man Newman ;  20-gun  ship  Danae,  Captain  Lord  Proby  ; 
and  1 6-gun  sloop  Railleur,  Commander  W.  J.  Turquand. 

The  Pallas  used  every  possible  means  to  deceive  the 
British,  but  without  effect.  The  Loire,  Railleur,  Harpy,  and 
Fairy  followed  her  closely,  firing  every  gun  which  would  bear, 
and  receiving  in  return  the  fire  of  the  frigate,  and  also  that 
of  a  battery  upon  Seven  Islands.  At  a  little  past  midnight, 
the  Harpy  being  on  the  weather  quarter  of  the  Pallas, 
gallantly  engaged  until  hailed  to  say  that  the  Pallas  had 
surrendered.  The  loss  on  board  the  British  ships  was  as 
follows  : — Loire :  three  seamen  killed,  and  Watkin  Owen  Pell 
(lost  a  leg),  F.  W.  Eves,  and  J.  A.  Medway,  midshipmen, 
and  sixteen  men  wounded.  Bailleur  :  "William  Prothers, 
midshipman,  and  two  seamen  killed,  and  four  wounded. 
Fairy  :  four  seamen  killed,  Commander  Horton,  Peter 
Hughes,  purser,  four  men  badly  and  three  slightly  wounded. 
The  Harpy  had  only  one  man  killed  and  three  wounded. 
The  loss  of  the  Pallas  is  not  mentioned.  The  prize  was  a 
fine  ship  of  1,030  tons,  quite  new,  and  was  added  to  the 
British  navy  as  the  Pique.  Commanders  Horton  and 
Bazeley  were  promoted  to  post  rank  as  soon  as  their  conduct 
was  made  known.  The  naval  medal  for  this  action  is 
awarded  to  the  Fairy  and  Harpy  only. 

On  the  2nd  of  March,  the  12-pounder  3 6-gun  frigate 
Nereide,  Captain  Frederick  Watkins,  being  off  the  Pen- 
marcks,  chased  a  squadron  of  French  privateers,  consisting  of 


1800.]  PETEREL   AND   LIGURIENNE.  3 

the  Bellone,  mounting  twenty-four  long  8-pounders  and  six 
brass  36-pounder  carronades ;  Vengeance,  of  eighteen  long 
8-pounders ;  Favorite  and  Huron,  each  of  sixteen  guns ;  and 
Tirailleuse,  of  fourteen  guns.  Having  arrived  within  gun- 
shot of  the  enemy,  which  at  first  appeared  disposed  to  engage, 
the  squadron  dispersed  ;  but  the  JSTereide  succeeded,  on  the 
3rd,  after  a  chase  of  123  miles,  in  overtaking  the  Vengeance, 
which  was  captured. 

On  the  20th  of  March,  while  the  32-gun  frigate  Mermaid, 
Captain  Eobert  D.  Oliver,  and  16-gun  sloop  Peterel,  Com- 
mander Francis  W.  Austen,  were  cruising  off  Marseilles,  the 
latter  was  detached  in- shore ;  and  on  the  morning  of  the 
21st,  a  convoy  of  fifty  sail  and  three  armed  vessels  were  dis- 
covered and  chased,  and  two  merchant  vessels  captured  by 
the  Peterel's  boats.  The  Peterel  made  all  sail  after  the 
ships  of  war,  then  using  every  endeavour  to  escape ;  and 
one,  mounting  fourteen  guns,  and  also  a  6-gun  xebeck,  per- 
ceiving the  Mermaid  beating  up  towards  them,  ran  on  shore. 
The  third  —  the  French  national  16-gun  brig  Ligurienne, 
lieutenant  Pelabond — was  brought  to  action  by  the  Peterel ; 
and  after  a  running  fight  of  an  hour  and  a  half  (in  the  course 
of  which  the  Peterel  was  exposed  to  the  fire  of  a  4-gun  bat- 
tery) the  brig  struck  her  colours,  being  then  about  six  miles 
only  from  Marseilles.  The  Peterel  had  no  one  hurt,  but  the 
Ligurienne  had  her  commander  and  one  seaman  killed  and 
two  seamen  wounded.  The  Ligurienne  was  a  very  fine 
vessel,  well  equipped,  and  in  excellent  repair,  only  two  years 
old.  She  was  fastened  throughout  with  screw  bolts,  but  was 
not  purchased  into  the  naval  service.  The  ship,  which  was 
the  Cerf,  was  totally  wrecked  ;  but  the  xebeck,  Lejoille,  was 
got  off  and  was  carried  into  Marseilles.  Commander  Austen 
was  promoted  to  post  rank  in  the  month  of  May  following. 
The  naval  medal  is  awarded  to  the  Peterel. 

The  squadron  blockading  Malta  in  the  month  of  March 
was  in  command  of  Captain  Troubridge,  of  the  74-gun  ship 
Culloden,  who  had  under  Ms  orders  the  64-gun  ship  Lion, 
Captain  Manley  Dixon ;  80-gun  ship  Foudroyant,  Captain 
Sn;  Edward  Berry  ;  74-gun  ship  Alexander,  Lieutenant 
William  Harrington,  acting  captain;  and  36-gun  frigate 
Penelope,  Captain  the  Hon.  Henry  Blackwood,  together  with 
some  smaller  vessels.     On  the  30th,  at  llh.  p.m.,  the  French 

b2 


4  CAPTURE   OF   THE   GUILLAUME   TELL.  [1800. 

80-gun  ship  Guillaume  Tell,  Captain  Saulnier,  bearing  the 
flag  of  Hear- Admiral  Decres,  weighed  from  Malta  harbour, 
and  put  to  sea  with  a  fresh  gale  at  south,  in  the  hope  of 
escaping  unseen.  At  llh.  55m.,  however,  she  was  discovered 
by  the  Penelope  on  the  weather  bow,  coming  down  under  a 
press  of  sail,  with  the  wind  on  her  starboard  quarter,  and 
Captain  Blackwood  immediately  made  the  signal  to  the 
Vincego  brig,  Commander  George  Long,  to  convey  the  in- 
telligence to  the  commodore,  while  the  Penelope  kept  close 
to  the  Guillaume  Tell.  At  12h.  30m.  a.m.  the  Guillaume 
Tell  being  on  the  weather  quarter,  the  Penelope  tacked,  and 
luffing  under  the  stem  of  the  French  ship,  fired  the  larboard 
broadside  ;  then  wearing  round,  the  Penelope  recrossed  the 
Guillaume  Tell,  raking  her  with  a  starboard  broadside.  The 
French  ship  could  only  return  this  destructive  fire  from  her 
stern  guns,  and  the  Penelope  continued  to  harass  the  enemy 
with  such  effect  that,  just  as  the  day  dawned,  the  Guillaume 
Tell's  main  and  mizen  topmasts  and  the  slings  of  her  main- 
yard  were  shot  away.  The  frigate's  damages  were  very 
slight,  and  confined  to  her  masts  and  sails  ;  but  her  master, 
Henry  Damerell,  was  killed,  and  Henry  W.  Sibthorpe,  mid- 
shipman, and  two  seamen,  were  wounded. 

At  a  little  past  5h.  a.m.  the  Lion  gallantly  ranged  up  to 
leeward  of  the  French  ship,  and  discharged  her  broadside 
with  great  precision  and  effect ;  she  then  luffed  across  the 
bows  of  her  opponent,  and  falling  on  board,  earned  away  the 
Guillaume  Tell's  jib-boom.  In  this  position,  aided  occasion- 
ally by  the  Penelope,  she  continued  for  a  quarter  of  an  hour, 
at  which  time  the  two  ships  swang  clear,  and  the  Lion,  much 
cut  up  in  her  rigging  and  sails,  dropped  astern,  but  still 
continued  her  fire.  About  6h.  the  Foudroyant,  under  a  press 
of  sail,  came  up  on  the  Guillaume  Tell's  starboard  side  ;  Sir 
Edward  Berry  hailing  the  French  ship  to  surrender,  and  at 
the  same  time  pouring  in  her  powerful  broadside.  The 
request,  however,  was  disregarded,  and  the  French  ship 
returned  the  fire  with  so  much  effect,  that  her  second  broad- 
side shot  away  the  Foudroyant's  fore-topmast,  main-topsail- 
yard,  jib-boom,  and  spritsail-yard,  and  her  courses  were  cut 
into  shreds.  Thus  crippled,  she  dropped  astern,  leaving  the 
lion  upon  the  Guillaume  Tell's  larboard  beam,  and  the 
Penelope  on  her  quarter.     At  6h.  30m.  the  French  ship's 


1800.]  CAPTURE    OF   THE   GUILLAUME   TELL.  5 

main  and  inizen  masts  fell,  and  the  Foudroyant,  having 
cleared  the  wreck,  soon  resumed  her  position  on  the  star- 
board quarter  of  the  enemy.  At  8h.  the  Guillaume  Tells 
foremast  fell  over  her  side,  and  she  became  an  unmanageable 
hulk,  rolling  her  lower-deck  ports  under  water.  At  8h.  20m.,, 
finding  further  resistance  unavailing,  the  French  flag — the 
honour  of  which  had  never  been  better  sustained — was 
hauled  down.  The  Foudroyant 's  lower  masts  were  badly 
wounded,  and  her  mizenmast  so  much  injured,  that  it  fell 
shortly  after  the  close  of  the  action.  The  Lion  had  suffered 
much  aloft. 

The  Foudroyant,  out  of  a  complement  of  718  men  and 
boys,  had  eight  killed;  Captain  Sir  Edward  Berry  (slightly). 
Lieutenant  John  A.  Blow,  Philip  Bridge,  boatswain,  Edward 
West,  Hon.  Granville  Proby,  Thomas  Cole,  and  Francis 
A.  Collier,  midshipmen,  and  fifty-eight  seamen  and  marines^ 
wounded.  The  Lion,  out  of  her  crew  of  300,  had  Hugh. 
Roberts,  midshipman,  and  seven  seamen  and  marines  killed, 
and  Alexander  Hood,  midshipman,  and  thirty-seven  seamen 
and  marines  wounded.  The  Penelope  had  one  killed  and 
three  wounded,  as  already  stated,  making  the  total  loss 
amount  to  seventeen  killed  and  101  wounded.  The  Guillaume 
Tell  had  upwards  of  200  killed  and  wounded  in  this  heroic 
defence.  The  persevering  gallantry  of  Captain  Blackwood, 
his  officers,  and  crew,  to  which  the  Guillaume  Tell  owed  her 
capture,  deserves  every  praise ;  for  had  it  not  been  for  the 
Penelope's  knocking  away  the  topmasts  of  the  French  ship, 
she  would,  in  all  probability,  have  escaped.  Nor  should  the 
gallantry  of  Captain  Dixon  be  forgotten.  The  Guillaume 
Tell  was  towed  by  the  Penelope  to  Syracuse,  and  added  to 
the  British  navy  by  the  name  of  Malta,  in  which,  except  the 
Canopus,  she  was  the  largest  two-decked  ship.  The  naval 
medal  for  the  capture  of  the  Guillaume  Tell  is  given  to  the 
Penelope  and  Vincego,  to  the  exclusion  of  the  Lion  and 
Foudroyant. 

On  the  5th  of  April,  a  squadron,  comprising  the  74-gun 
ship  Leviathan,  Captain  James  Carpenter,  bearing  the  flag 
of  Rear- Admiral  Duckworth;  74-gun  ship  Swift  sure,  Captain 
Benjamin  Hallowell ;  and  36-gun  frigate  Emerald,  Captain 
Thomas  M.  Waller,  fell  in  with  a  Spanish  convoy  of  thirteen 
sail  off  Cadiz,  under  the  protection  of  three  frigates.     At 


6  •   BOAT   ACTIONS,    ETC.  [1800. 

3L  a.m.  on  the  6th,  the  Emerald  captured  a  ship  mounting 
ten  guns,  with  a  crew  of  seventy  men ;  but  at  daybreak  the 
convoy,  with  the  exception  of  a  brig  which  lay  becalmed  near 
the  Emerald,  had  got  out  of  sight.  Lieutenant  Charles  M. 
Gregory,  with  the  boats  of  the  Leviathan  and  Emerald,  was 
despatched  to  board  the  brig,  and  after  a  sharp  contest  of 
forty  minutes,  she  was  carried  without  loss  on  either  side. 
She  was  called  Los  Anglese,  and  mounted  fourteen  guns  and 
six  swivels,  with  a  crew  of  forty-six  men.  The  British  ships 
then  proceeded  in  chase  of  three  sail  seen  from  the  mast- 
head steering  different  courses  ;  and  at  daybreak  on  the  7th, 
the  Leviathan,  after  a  stout  resistance,  captured  the  Spanish 
34-gun  frigates  El  Carmen  and  Florentina.  The  frigates 
together  sustained  a  loss  of  fifty  men  killed  and  wounded. 
The  prizes  were  ships  of  900  tons,  and  were  added  to  the 
British  navy  under  the  names  of  El  Carmen  and  Florentine. 

On  the  13th  of  April,  the  cutter  belonging  to  the  16-gun 
brig  Calypso,  Commander  Joseph  Baker,  in  charge  of  Wil- 
liam Buckley,  master,  being  under  Cape  Tiburon,  at  llh.  a.m., 
gallantly  boarded  and  captured  the  French  privateer 
schooner  Diligente,  mounting  six  guns,  with  a  crew  of 
thirty-nine  men.  Notwithstanding  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry 
was  opened  upon  the  boat  as  she  approached,  only  one  man 
was  wounded.     The  Diligente  had  seven  badly  wounded. 

On  the  21st  of  April,  the  hired  14-gun  lugger  Lark,  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  H.  Wilson,  while  cruising  off  the  Texel, 
chased  and  drove  on  shore  a  large  French  cutter  privateer! 
On  the  25th,  the  Lark  chased  the  French  14-gun  cutter 
Imprenable,  which  ran  aground  on  the  Vlie  island,  where 
her  crew  of  sixty  men  maintained  a  spirited  defence  for 
about  two  hours,  after  which  the  crew  of  the  privateer 
were  seen  escaping  to  the  shore,  where  they  intrenched 
themselves  behind  some  sand-hills.  Sending  the  master, 
Thomas  Geltins,  to  attack  the  party  on  shore,  which  had 
been  keeping  up  a  smart  fire  of  musketry,  Lieutenant 
Wilson,  with  the  remaining  boat,  proceeded  to  board  the 
cutter,  which,  in  consequence  of  the  successful  attack  of  the 
master's  party,  he  was  enabled  to  board  and  carry  without 
loss.     The  cutter  was  got  afloat  and  brought  out. 

Genoa  being  in  the  possession  of  the  French,  and  closely 
blockaded  by  the  squadron  under  Yice-Admiral  Lord  Keith, 


1800.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE    PRIMA   GALLEY.  7 

frequent  bombardments  took  place  under  the  orders  of 
Captain  Philip  leaver,  of  the  28-gun  frigate  Aurora.  The 
French  suffering  much  injury  from  these  repeated  attacks, 
determined  to  capture  the  vessels  employed  on  the  service, 
and  fitted  out  a  flotilla,  consisting  of  one  large  galley,  called 
the  Prima  (rowing  fifty-two  oars  and  mounting  two  long 
brass  36-pounclers,  besides  smaller  guns),  an  armed  cutter, 
three  settees,  and  several  gun-boats.  On  the  20th  of  May 
this  flotilla  attacked  the  Audacious,  the  shot  from  the  galley 
hulling  her  several  times,  but  at  sunset  took  up  a  position 
under  the  guns  of  the  two  moles  and  the  city  bastions.  The 
British  boats;  however,  stood  in-shore  for  the  fourth  time,  to 
attack  the  town  and  shipping,  and  at  a  little  past  midnight 
opened  their  fire.  This  was  returned  by  the  batteries,  but 
more  especially  by  the  Prima,  which  was  by  this  time 
moored  with  chains  close  to  the  inside  of  the  eastern  mole- 
head.  Captain  Beaver,  feeling  the  effect  of  her  long  guns, 
determined,  if  possible,  to  carry  her  by  boarding;  and 
selecting  ten  boats,  carrying  about  100  officers  and  men, 
proceeded  on  this  perilous  service.  In  the  darkness  which 
prevailed,  the  boats  fell  in  with  a  gun-boat,  which  com- 
menced firing  upon  them ;  but  without  taking  notice  of  this 
enemy,  they  dashed  alongside  the  Prima.  The  gunwale  of 
the  galley  projected  three  feet  from  the  side,  and  this  was 
surmounted  by  a  strong  bulwark,  on  the  top  of  which 
blunderbusses  and  wall-pieces  were  fixed ;  the  oars  also  were 
banked,  and  their  looms  or  handles  secured  down  to  the 
thwarts,  and  the  crew  available  for  her  defence  amounted  to 
257  men,  which,  alarmed  by  the  firing  of  the  gun-boat,  were 
all  prepared  for  the  attack.  The  Haarlem's  boat,  com- 
manded by  John  Caldwell,  midshipman,  pushing  under  the 
oars,  was  the  first  to  get  alongside,  and  boarded  her  on  the 
starboard  side.  Other  boats  quickly  followed,  and  Captain 
Beaver,  in  the  Minotaur's  cutter,  and  Lieutenant  William 
Gibson,  in  the  Vestal's  launch,  by  means  of  the  images  over 
the  rudder-head  and  on  her  quarters,  gained  a  footing  on 
the  poop-deck,  where  a  considerable  number  of  French 
soldiers  were  stationed.  A  short  but  desperate  struggle 
ensued,  but  it  ended  in  the  capture  of  the  galley,  which  was 
veiy  soon  released  from  her  moorings  and  in  tow  of  the 
British  boats.     The  galley  slaves  readily  manned  the  oars, 


8  BOAT    ACTIONS  [1800. 

and,  in  the  teeth  of  a  tremendous  fire  of  shot  and  shell,  the 
Prima  was  conveyed  in  safety  alongside  the  Minotaur.  The 
loss  was  slight  on  the  part  of  the  galley,  amounting  only  to 
one  man  killed  and  fifteen  wounded ;  and  the  British  had 
only  five  men  wounded.  The  Prima  measured  159  feet  in 
length,  and  in  breadth  twenty-three  feet  six  inches.  In  her 
hold  were  thirty  large  brass  swivels,  intended  to  have  been 
mounted  on  her  poop  and  forecastle. 

On  the  10th  of  June,  as  Rear- Admiral  Sir  John  Warren, 
in  the  Renown;  with  the  Defence,  Captain  Lord  Harry 
Paulet;  Fisgard  and  Unicorn,  frigates,  Captains  Thomas 
B.  Martin  and  Philip  Wilkinson,  was  cruising  off  the  Pen- 
marcks,  the  boats  were  sent  away  to  attack  a  convoy  of 
brigs  and  chasse-marees  lying  at  St.  Croix,  laden  with  wine 
and  provisions  for  the  Brest  fleet.  Eight  boats  were 
selected  for  the  service,  two  from  each  ship,  in  charge  of 
Lieutenants  Henry  Burke  (Renown),  WiUiam  Dean,  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Mark  A.  Gerard  (Fisgard),  Thomas 
Stamp  (Defence),  and  WiUiam  Price  (Unicorn),  the  whole  of 
which  quitted  the  Fisgard  at  1  lh.  p.m.  Having  to  row  against 
a  head-wind,  the  boats  were  prevented  reaching  the  objects 
of  their  attack  until  after  daylight  on  the  1 1th,  when,  in  the 
face  of  a  heavy  battery,  three  armed  vessels,  and  a  continual 
discharge  of  musketry  from  the  shore,  the  British  captured 
one  gun-boat,  two  armed  chasse-marees,  and  eight  merchant 
vessels.  The  remainder  escaped  by  running  upon  the  rocks. 
This  service  was  attended  by  no  other  casualty  than  three 
seamen  and  one  marine  wounded.  Besides  the  above-named 
officers,  acting  Lieutenant  Henry  Jane,  and  master's  mate 
John  Fleming,  and  Lieutenant  Killogrivoff,  of  the  Russian 
navy,  are  honourably  mentioned. 

On  the  1st  of  July,  Sir  John  Warren,  having  the  same 
squadron  (with  the  exception  of  the  Unicorn)  under  his 
orders,  received  information  that  a  large  convoy  was  at 
anchor  under  the  island  of  Noirmoutier,  determined  on  des- 
patching the  boats  of  the  squadron  to  attempt  its  capture 
or  destruction.  The  convoy  was  under  the  protection  of 
the  20-gun  corvette  Therese,  a  12-gun  lugger,  armed  cutter, 
and  two  schooners,  each  mounting  six  guns.  These,  together 
with  the  convoy,  were  at  anchor  inside  the  sands,  at  the 
bottom  of  the  bay,  under  cover  of  numerous  batteries  and 


1800.]  UNDER   LIEUTENANT   BURKE.  D1 

guns,  planted  in  the  best  positions  for  defence.  The  boats 
having  assembled  alongside  the  Fisgard,  departed,  as  soon  as 
the  night  closed  in,  in  three  divisions,  and  altogether  con- 
tained 192  officers,  seamen,  and  marines.  The  expedition 
was  commanded  by  Lieut.  Henry  Burke,  of  the  Renown, 
assisted  by  Lieut.  William  Dean  (Fisgard),  and  Lieuts.  of 
marines  John  Thompson,  Charles  H.  Ballingall  (Renown), 
Mark  A.  Gerard  (Fisgard),  and  William  Garrett  and  Hugh 
Hutton,  of  the  Defence.  At  about  midnight  the  boats, 
after  a  very  obstinate  resistance,  captured  the  Therese  and 
three  of  the  armed  vessels,  together  with  fifteen  sail  of 
merchant  ships,  laden  with  corn,  flour,  and  other  provisions 
and  necessaries  for  the  fleet  in  Brest.  As  the  prizes  could 
not  be  brought  off,  Lieutenant  Burke  ordered  them  to  be 
destroyed,  which  was  effectually  done.  Having  performed 
this  exploit  without  loss,  the  boats  were  returning  to  the 
ships ;  but  before  getting  out  of  reach  of  the  batteries,  they 
grounded  on  a  sand-bank,  and  in  ten  minutes  were  left  high 
and  dry.  In  this  helpless  situation  the  party  became  ex- 
posed to  an  incessant  fire  from  the  forts,  and  also  from 
about  400  soldiers.  Nothing  daunted  by  their  perilous 
situation,  part  of  the  boats'  crews  managed  to  get  possession 
of  one  of  the  French  row-boats,  which  still  remained  afloat, 
and  in  this  vessel  100  officers  and  men  succeeded  in  passing 
between  and  over  the  sands,  and  reached  their  ships ; 
but  ninety-two,  including  Lieutenants  Burke,  Thompson, 
and  Ballingall,  who  were  wounded,  were  obliged  to  surrender 
themselves  prisoners. 

On  the  6th  of  July,  Captain  Henry  Inman,  in  the  32-gun 
frigate  Andromeda,  having  been  intrusted  with  a  squadron 
for  the  purpose  of  destroying  some  French  frigates  lying  in 
Dunkirk,  despatched  Commander  Patrick  Campbell,  in  the 
30-gun  corvette  Dart  ;l  the  gun-brigs  Biter  and  Boxer, 
Lieuts.    Samuel   Norman   and   Thomas   Gilbert ;    fire-ships 

1  The  Dart  and  Arrow  were  experimental  vessels,  built  from  the 
plans  of  Bentham.  They  were  sharp,  both  forward  and  aft,  like  a 
wherry,  and  sailed  very  fast  in  fine  weather  ;  their  rig  was  peculiar, 
and  altogether  they  were  perfect  originals.  The  armament  of  the  Dart 
was  thirty  carronades,  32-pounders,  fitted  on  the  non-recoil  principle, 
which,  whatever  might  have  been  its  disadvantages,  enabled  the  men  to 
load  and  fire  with  great  celerity.     Her  complement  was  only  120  men. 


10  CAPTURE    OF   THE   DESIREE.  [1800. 

Wasp,  Falcon,  Comet,  and  Rosario,  Commanders  John 
Edwards,  Henry  S.  Butt,  Thomas  Leef,  and  James  Carthew, 
together  with  cutters  and  small  craft,  on  this  service.  The 
Dart  and  squadron  made  sail  in- shore,  and  at  midnight  got 
sight  of  the  24-pounder  44-gun  frigate  Poursuivaute,  and 
40-gun  frigates  Carmagnole,  Desiree,  and  Incorruptible, 
moored  in  line  ahead.  The  Dart,  on  approaching  the  outer- 
most frigate,  was  hailed  and  asked  from  whence  she  came  ;  to 
which  Captain  Campbell  replied,  "  De  Bordeaux."  They  next 
desired  to  know  what  the  vessels  astern  were ;  but  Captain 
Campbell  answered — the  Dart  having  by  this  time  passed  her 
— "  Je  ne  sais  pas."  Determined  to  do  the  work  effectually, 
the  Dart  continued  her  course  for  the  inside  frigate,  and 
passed  on  unmolested  until  abreast  of  the  third  frigate, 
which  fired  a  broadside.  This  salute  the  Dart  returned 
from  her  fifteen  double-shotted  carronades,  and,  quickly 
reloading,  prepared  for  the  next  ship.  Having  the  cable 
passed  aft,  the  anchor  was  let  go,  which  brought  her  up  by 
the  stern ;  but  not  before  she  had  run  the  Desiree  on  board, 
her  jib-boom  passing  under  the  frigate's  forestay.  The  first 
lieutenant  (James  McDermeit),  at  the  head  of  about  fifty 
seamen  and  marines,  immediately  sprang  upon  the  frigate's 
forecastle,  and  in  a  short  time  the  British  sailors  were  in 
possession  of  the  deck.  Lieutenant  McDermeit  was  badly 
wounded  in  the  arm,  and  the  French,  numbering  200  or  300, 
observing  the  small  number  of  the  British,  were  about  to 
rally,  when  Lieutenant  W.  J.  Pearce,  with  a  second  division 
of  boarders,  being  sent  to  their  assistance,  speedily  reduced 
the  enemy  to  subjection.  In  fifteen  minutes  from  the  com- 
mencement, the  cables  of  the  Desiree  were  cut  and  the  ship 
underway ;  and  this  dashing  exploit  was  performed  with 
the  loss  of  one  seaman  killed,  and  Lieutenant  McDermeit, 
James  Hall,  master's  mate,  and  nine  seamen  and  marines 
wounded.  The  loss  on  board  the  Desiree  was  computed  at 
100  killed  and  wounded.  While  the  Dart  was  attacking 
the  Desiree,  the  hired  armed  cutters  Kent  and  Ann,  Lieuts. 
Robert  B.  Cooban  and  Robert  B.  Young,  spiritedly  engaged 
several  French  gun-boats,  in  which  both  had  one  man 
wounded.  The  gun-brig  Biter  had  her  commander  wounded 
on  the  same  service.  The  fire-ships  were  admirably  con- 
ducted, and  were  not  abandoned  until  completely  in  flames. 


1800.]  CAPTURE    OF   THE   FREYA.  11 

Commander  Thomas  Leef  and  one  seaman  were  wounded 
by  the  explosion  of  the  Comet.  The  frigates,  however,  cut 
their  cables  and  avoided  them.  The  Desiree  was  got  over 
the  bar  with  some  difficulty,  and  being  a  fine  new  ship  of 
1,015  tons,  was  added  to  the  British  navy,  and  was  soon 
afterwards  commissioned  by  Captain  In  man.  Commander 
Campbell,  being  posted,  was  appointed  to  the  20-gun  ship 
Ariadne.  Lieutenant  McDermeit  was  promoted  on  the 
17th  of  July  following,  but  did  not  long  enjoy  his  rank,  as 
his  name  disappears  from  the  list  of  1802.  Mr.  Hall  was 
promoted  in  August,  1801.  The  naval  medal  has  been 
granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  25th  of  July,  at  6h.  p.m.,  the  Danish  18-pounder 
40-gun  frigate  Freya,  Captain  Krabbe,  in  charge  of  a  convoj^, 
was  fallen  in  with,  in  the  North  Sea,  by  the  28-gun  frigate 
Nemesis,  Captain  Thomas  Baker,  having  a  squadron  in 
company.  Captain  Krabbe  refusing  to  allow  any  of  the 
ships  under  his  convoy  to  be  searched,  and  having  fired  upon 
a  boat  sent  away  with  that  intention,  the  Nemesis  and 
Arrow  sloop  opened  fire  upon  the  Danish  frigate,  and  after 
a  short  action,  in  which  the  Nemesis  and  Arrow  had  each 
two  men  killed,  the  Freya  hauled  down  her  colours,  having 
suffered  a  similar  loss.  This  action  was  the  ostensible  cause 
of  the  rupture  with  the  northern  powers. 

On  the  26th  of  July,  Lieutenant  Jeremiah  Coghlan 
(acting),  commanding  the  10-gun  cutter  Viper,  attached  to 
the  squadron  of  Sir  Edward  Pellew,  watching  Port  Louis, 
proposed  to  cut  out  a  French  gun-brig,  mounting  three  long 
24-pounders  and  four  6-pounders,  moored,  with  springs  on 
her  cables,  within  pistol-shot  of  three  batteries,  and  within 
a  mile  of  a  French  seventy -four  and  two  frigates.  Per- 
mission being  granted,  Lieutenant  Coghlan  was  intrusted 
with  a  ten-oared  cutter,  manned  by  twelve  volunteers  from 
the  squadron,  to  which  he  added  Silas  Hiscutt  Paddon, 
midshipman,  and  six  seamen,  from  the  Viper,  in  all  twenty 
men.  Another  boat  from  the  Amethyst  and  one  from  the 
Viper  accompanied  them.  As  they  approached,  it  was  dis- 
covered that  the  brig  was  fully  prepared  ;  but,  although  the 
other  boats  were  a  great  way  astern,  the  lieutenant  pushed 
on  and  boarded  the  brig  on  the  quarter.  Owing  to  the 
extreme  darkness  of  the  night,  the  leader  jumped  into  a 


12  BOARDING   THE   CERBERE.  [1800. 

trawl  net,  which  was  hung  up  to  dry,  and  while  thus 
entangled  was  wounded  in  the  thigh  by  a  pike  ;  several  of 
his  men  were  also  wounded,  and  the  whole,  after  much 
severe  fighting,  forced  back  into  their  boat.  Having  hauled 
further  ahead,  another  attempt  was  made,  but  the  boarders 
were  a  second  time  repulsed.  The  third  attempt  was  more 
successful ;  and  the  Cerbere  was  carried,  with  the  loss,  out 
of  a  crew  of  eighty-seven,  of  six  men  killed  and  twenty — 
including  all  her  officers — wounded.  Lieutenant  Coghlan 
and  Mr.  Paddon  were  both  severely  wounded,  the  former  in 
two,  and  the  latter  in  six  places,  and  one  seaman  was  killed 
and  eight  wounded.  The  other  boats  now  joining,  took  the 
prize  in  tow,  and  brought  her  out  under  a  heavy  but  ineffectual 
fire  from  the  batteries.  Mr.  Coghlan,  although  he  had  not 
served  the  prescribed  time,  was  confirmed  in  his  rank,  and 
the  officers  and  men  of  the  squadron  bearing  testimony  to 
the  extreme  gallantry  of  the  affair,  generously  relinquished 
all  claim  to  the  prize  in  favour  of  those  immediately  con- 
cerned in  her  capture.  The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded 
for  the  above  splendid  achievement. 

On  the  4th  of  August,  the  64-gun  ship  Belliqueux,  Cap- 
tain Rowley  Bulteel,  being  off  the  coast  of  Brazil  with  a 
fleet  of  outward-bound  East  Indiamen  under  her  protection, 
fell  in  with  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Concorde,  Commodore 
J.  F.  Landolphe ;  36-gun  frigates  Medee  and  Franchise, 
Captains  J.  I).  Coudin  and  Pierre  Jurien,  and  a  prize 
schooner  tender.  At  7h.  the  French  squadron  stood  towards 
the  convoy ;  but  at  noon,  having  approached  within  a  few 
miles,  the  warlike  appearance  of  the  ships  induced  the 
French  to  bear  up  under  all  sail,  steering  different  courses. 
The  Belliqueux  chased  the  Concorde,  and  directed  the 
Indiamen — Exeter,  Captain  Henry  Meriton,  with  the  Bom- 
bay Castle,  Coutts,  and  Neptune,  Captains  John  Hamilton, 
Robert  Torin,  and  Nathaniel  Spens — to  pursue  the  Medee. 
The  Concorde  was  overtaken  and  captured  by  the  Belliqueux 
at  oh.  30m.  p.m.,  after  a  short  resistance.  At  7h.  p.m.,  the 
Exeter  ranging  up  alongside  the  Medee,  with  all  her  ports 
up,  Captain  Meriton  demanded  the  surrender  of  the  frigate. 
This  demand,  to  the  infinite  surprise  of  Captain  Meriton, 
was  complied  with,  the  French  captain  believing  his  frigate 
to  be  under   the   guns   of  a   line-of-battle   ship,  and  con- 


1800.]  SEINE   AND   VENGEANCE.  13 

sidering  any  attempt  at  defence  fruitless.  The  Franchise 
escaped. 

On  the  morning  of  the  20th  of  August,  the  18-pounder 
38-gun  frigate  Seine,  Captain  David  Milne,  being  in  the 
Mona  Passage,  chased  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate 
Vengeance,  Captain  Pichot.  The  French  frigate  being  un- 
able to  weather  Cape  Raphael,  bore  up  and  made  all  sail, 
followed  by  the  Seine.  At  llh.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Seine  brought 
the  Vengeance  to  action,  but  being  much  cut  up  in  sails  and 
rigging,  dropped  astern,  nor  could  she  regain  her  position 
until  8h.  a.m.  on  the  21st.  Having  succeeded  in  getting 
alongside  the  Vengeance,  a  close  action  commenced,  which 
continued  until  lOh.  30m.,  when  the  French  frigate,  having 
lost  her  fore  and  mizen  masts  and  main-topmasts,  all  of 
which  fell  on  board,  and  being  much  shattered  in  her  hull, 
surrendered.  The  Seine  lost  none  of  her  spars,  but  her 
mainmast  was  badly  wounded.  Her  loss,  out  of  281  men 
and  boys,  amounted  to  Lieutenant  George  Milne  and  twelve 
seamen  killed,  and  the  master,  Andrew  Barclay,  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Archibald  Macdonald,  —  Home,  captain's  clerk, 
and  twenty-three  seamen  and  marines  wounded.  The  Ven- 
geance, out  of  a  crew  of  326  men,  had  thirty  killed  and 
seventy  wounded.  The  Vengeance  was  a  fine  ship  of  1,180 
tons,  and  was  added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  same 
name.  The  first  lieutenant  of  the  Seine,  Edward  Chetham, 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander,  on  the  7th  of 
November  following.  The  naval  medal  is  awarded  for  the 
above  action. 

On  the  24th  of  August,  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Diane 
and  Justice  sailed  from  Valetta,  hoping  to  evade  the  block- 
ading force,  but  were  quickly  perceived  by  the  squadron 
under  Captain  George  Martin,  and  Captain  Shulclham  Peard, 
in  the  32-gun  frigate  Success,  closed  with  the  Diane,  and 
compelled  her  to  surrender.  The  Diane  had  only  114  men 
on  board  when  she  commenced  the  action,  which  accounts  for 
her  trifling  resistance.  The  Justice  effected  her  escape.  The 
prize,  a  fine  ship  of  1,140  tons,  was  added  to  the  navy 
under  the  name  of  Mobe. 

On  the  29th  of  August,  Lieutenant  Henry  Burke,  still  of 
the  Renown,  being  released  from  French  prison,  was 
favoured  with  another  opportunity  of  distinguishing  him- 


14  CUTTING-OUT   EXPEDITIONS.  [1800. 

a*lL  £    q  °  Sqrdr°n  °f  ^  j0lm  WaiTen   was  Posing 

along  the  Spanish  coast,  a  ship  was  observed  running  into 

Kio    and   this  vessel   having   sheltered   herself  under  the 

batteries  near  Redondella,  Vigo  Bay,  it  was  determined  to 

cut  her  out      Lieutenant  Burke  was  accordingly  intrusted 

with  twenty  boats  belonging  to  the  squadron,  with  which  he 

proceeded  to  the  attack.     At  a  little  past  midnight,   the 

boats  were  observed  in  their  approach  by  the  enemy,  which 

was  the  Spanish  18-gun  privateer  Guepe,  having  a  crew  of 

160  men  who  gave  a  cheer,  to  show  they  were  prepared  for 

the  attack      The  boats,  however,  dashed  on,  and  m  fifteen 

minutes  the  Guepe  was  earned,  with  the  loss  to  the  British 

of  three  seamen  and  one  marine  killed;  and  Lieutenants 

Burke,  John  H.  Holmes,  and  Joseph  Nourse  (of  the  Coura- 

geux),  twelve  seamen,    and  five   marines,   wounded.     The 

Guepe  had  twenty-five  men  killed,  her  commander  (mortally) 

and   thirty-nine   wounded.       Lieutenant    Burke   was   most 

deservedly  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander  immediately 

afterwards.     The  naval  medal  is  awarded  for  this  action  to 

those   present   m   the   boats   of  the   Renown,    Iinpetueux, 

London,  Courageux,  Amethyst,  Stag,  Amelia,  Brilliant,  and 

L-yntnia. 

On  the  fifth  of  September,  the  fortress  of  Valetta  and  its 
dependencies  capitulated ;  and  on  the  same  day  Malta  was 
taken  possession  of  by  the  British  forces,  under  Major- 
General  Pigott  and  Captain  George  Martin.  In  the  port  were 
the  64-gun  ships  Athenien  and  Dego,  and  the  frigate  Car- 
thagenaise.     The  Athenien  was  added  to  the  British  navy 

On  the  3rd   of  September,  the  74-gun  ship  Minotaur, 
Captain  Thomas  Louis,  and  frigate  Niger,  armed  en   Mte, 
Commander  James  Hillyar,  being  off  Barcelona,  perceived 
the  Spanish  22-gun  corvettes  Esmeralda  and  Paz  at  anchor 
in  the  roads.     It  being  determined  to  cut  them  out,  eight 
boats    under  Commander  Hillyar,   assisted  by  Lieutenants 
Charles  M  Schomberg  and  Thomas  Warrand  ;  James  Reid 
master,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  John  Jewel,  and  Midship- 
men James  Lowry  and  Richard  S.  Haly,  proceeded  towards 
the  shore  at  8h.  p.m      As  they  approached,  the  Esmeralda 
nred  her  broadside  ;  but  before  she  could  reload,  the  boats 
yere  alongside,  and  she  was  boarded  and  gallantly  carried 
As  soon  as  the  cheers  of  the  boarding  party  announced  the 


1800.]  LIEUTENANT   FITTON   AT    CURACOA.  15 

surrender  of  the  Esmeralda,  the  Paz  cut  her  cables  and 
endeavoured  to  run  ashore  ;  but  the  boats  reached  her  before 
she  could  effect  this,  and  the  Paz  also  was  brought  out,  not- 
withstanding a  heavy  fire  from  four  batteries,  ten  gun-boats, 
and  two  schooners,  and  a  fort  on  an  eminence,  which  threw 
shells.  The  loss  amounted  to  two  seamen  and  one  marine 
killed,  James  Reid  (master  of  the  Minotaur)  and  four  seamen 
wounded.  The  Spaniards  had  four  killed  and  twenty-one 
wounded.  The  Esmeralda  and  Paz  were  laden  with  pro- 
visions and  stores. 

On  the  13th  of  September,  the  Dutch  authorities  at 
Curacoa  sent  a  deputation  to  Captain  Frederick  Watkins,  of 
the  JSTereide,  claiming  the  protection  of  England  from  the 
French  revolutionary  party  in  possession  of  the  west  end  of 
the  island,  and  Curacoa  was  surrendered  in  due  form  to  his 
Britannic  majesty  by  the  governor.  Previously  to  this  event, 
Amsterdam  had  been  closely  watched  by  the  frigate,  and  also 
by  the  8-gun  schooner  Active,  Lieutenant  Michael  Fitton 
acting.  This  vessel  was  stationed  close  to  the  harbour,  off 
which  were  lying,  moored  under  Fort  Piscadera,  five  or  six 
French  privateers,  the  position  of  which  was  too  strong  to 
warrant  a  regular  attack.  Lieutenant  Fitton,  however, 
having  observed  that  it  was  the  custom  of  the  officers  to 
repair  on  shore  at  a  certain  hour  to  dine  at  the  fort,  deter- 
mined to  create  a  little  amusement,  which,  owing  to  his 
paltry  force,  was  all  he  could  expect  to  do.  Marking  the 
time  when  the  boats  quitted  the  privateers,  the  Active,  under 
all  sail,  ran  into  the  harbour,  and  having  got  close  to  the 
privateers,  brought  to,  and  fired  two  or  three  broadsides  in 
quick  succession  right  into  their  sterns.  Instantly  all  was 
bustle,  the  fort  was  quickly  manned  \  but  Lieutenant  Fitton, 
having  secured  a  fair  wind  out,  remained  as  long  as  the  safety 
of  his  vessel  permitted,  and  continued  to  fire  upon  the 
privateers,  and  also  upon  the  boats  reconveying  the  officers 
from  the  fort  to  the  vessels.  The  forts  quickly  opened  upon 
the  little  schooner,  but  the  artillerists  did  not  succeed  in 
hulling  her.  Her  sails,  however,  were  much  cut,  and  the 
shot  frequently  dashed  the  spray  upon  the  vessel's  deck. 

On  the  8th  of  October,  the  4-pounder  10-gun  schooner 
Gipsy,  tender  to  the  Leviathan,  Lieutenant  Coryndon  Boger, 
had  a  smart  action  off  Guadaloupe  with  the  French  sloop 


16  BOATS    OF   PHAETON  '.     MILBROOK    AND    BELLONE.   [1800. 

Quidproquo,  of  four  long  8-pounders  and  ninety-eight  men, 
principally  soldiers,  commanded  by  M .  Tourpie.  After  an 
engagement  of  an  hour  and  a  half,  the  sloop  surrendered, 
having  her  captain  and  four  seamen  killed,  and  eleven 
wounded.  The  Gipsy  had  three  seamen  killed,  and  Lieu- 
tenant Boger  and  nine  wounded. 

On  the  27th  of  October,  four  boats  belonging  to  the 
38-gun  frigate  Phaeton,  Captain  James  Nicoll  Morris,  under 
the  orders  of  Lieutenant  Francis  Beaufort,  assisted  by  Lieu- 
tenant George  Huish,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Duncan  Camp- 
bell, and  Midshipmen  Augustus  B.  P.  P.  Hamilton  and 
Anthony  C.  Stanton,  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  the  Spanish 
14-gun  polacre  San  Josef,  lying  under  the  protection  of  five 
guns  on  the  fortress  of  Fuengirola,  near  Malaga.  The  launch 
being  unable  to  keep  up  with  the  barge  and  cutters,  the  latter 
three,  at  5h.  a.m.  on  the  28th,  under  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry, 
boarded,  and,  in  spite  of  a  desperate  resistance,  carried  the 
polacre.  The  boats  were  also  fired  at  by  a  French  privateer 
schooner,  which  had  entered  the  roadstead  unseen.  One  sea- 
man was  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Beaufort  (severely),  Lieu- 
tenant Campbell,  Mr.  Hamilton,  and  one  seaman  wounded. 
The  San  Josef,  whose  crew  comprised  thirty-four  seamen  and 
twenty-two  soldiers,  had  nineteen  men  wounded.  The  prize 
was  commissioned  as  a  British  slooj)  of  war,  and  named  the 
Calpe.  Lieutenant  Beaufort  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
commander  in  November  A  naval  medal  has  been  granted 
for  this  exploit. 

On  the  1 3th  of  November,  at  daylight,  the  1 6-gun  schooner 
Milbrook,  Lieutenant  Matthew  Smith,  being  off  Oporto, 
discovered  the  Bellone,  French  privateer,  of  thirty  guns.  By 
the  aid  of  her  sweeps,  the  Milbrook  closed,  and  at  8h.  a.m. 
commenced  the  action  with  this  formidable  enemy.  Lieu- 
tenant Smith  was  induced  to  seek  this  unequal  contest 
in  order  to  test  the  efficiency  of  the  Milbrook's  armament, 
which  consisted  of  18-pounder  carronades,  on  the  non-recoil 
principle.  The  action  was  fought  within  musket-shot,  and 
so  rapid  and  effective  was  the  fire  from  the  British  schooner, 
that  at  lOh.  the  Bellone's  colours  were  hauled  down.  The 
Milbrook,  however,  had  received  much  damage,  and  not 
having  a  boat  that  would  swim,  was  unable  to  take  possession 
of  her  prize  ;  and  the  Bellone,  availing  herself  of  a  light  air 


1800.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE   REOLAISE.  17 

of  wind,  made  sail,  and,  rehoisting  her  colours,  escaped  Out 
of  forty-seven  men,  the  Milbrook  had  eight  seamen  and  one 
marine  severely  wounded  ;  and  Thomas  Fletcher,  master 
J  Pariter,  surgeon's  mate,  and  one  seaman,  slightly  wounded' 
The  Bellone  was  armed  with  long  8-pounders  on  the  main 
deck,  and  six  brass  36-pounder  carronades  on  her  quarter- 
deck and  forecastle,  with  a  crew  of  250  men  :  of  which 
number  twenty  were  killed,  and  forty-five  wounded,  including 
her  captain.  Lieutenant  Smith  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
commander  in  February,  1801,  and  the  merchants  of  Oporto 
to  mark  their  sense  of  his  gallantry,  presented  him  with  a 
piece  of  plate,  value  £50. 

4  .°  a**®1™1  <>f  Noyember,  the  74-gun  ship  Captain,  Cap- 
wnr  ^1C.ard  Strachan>  and  frigate  Magicienne,  Captain 
William  Ogilvy,  with  the  cutter  Nile  and  lugger  Suwarrow 
Lieutenants  George  Argles  and  James  Nicholson,  while 
cruising  near  the  Morbihan,  chased  into  Port  Navalo  the 
French  20-gun  corvette  Reolaise.  In  the  evening,  the  boats 
ol  the  squadron,  under  Lieutenant  William  Hennah,  assisted 
by  Lieutenants  Charles  Clyde  and  Eichard  W.  Clarke  pro- 
ceeded to  the  attack  of  the  corvette.  The  boats  approached 
in  spite  of  a  heavy  fire  from  all  sides  of  the  shore,  and  after 
a  short  struggle,  the  Reolaise  was  captured.  The  prize  was 
set  on  fire  and  destroyed.  One  seaman  killed  and  seven 
wounded,  was  the  loss  sustained  by  the  British.  On  the  7th 
of  December,  the  cutters  Nile  and  Lurcher,  Lieutenants 
George  Argles  and  Robert  Forbes,  dispersed  and  captured 
.part  of  a  French  convoy  in  Quiberon  Bay. 

On  the  10th  of  December,  the  16-gun  brig  Admiral 
Pasley,  Lieutenant  Charles  I.  Nevin,  was  captured  off  Ceuta 
by  two  large  Spanish  gun-boats,  after  a  very  gallant  defence, 
m  which  she  had  three  seamen  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
JNevm,  Mr.  Gibbs,  master,  and  eight  seamen  wounded. 


vol.  n. 


18  DESTRUCTION  OF  THE  SENEGAL.  [1801. 


1801. 

The  northern  powers,  taking  umbrage  at  the  right  of 
search  practised  by  British  cruisers,  formed  an  alliance,  and 
having  assumed  a  menacing  attitude,  rendered  a  corre- 
sponding measure  on  the  part  of  the  British  government 
imperative.  In  February,  Spain  and  Portugal  joined  the 
confederate  nations,  and  England,  single-handed,  was  at  war 
with  the  world. 

On  the  3rd  of  January,  five  boats  from  the  38-gun  frigate 
Melpomene,  Captain  Sir  Charles  Hamilton,  under  the  orders 
of-Lieuts.  Thomas  Dick  and  William  Palmer,  with  Lieut,  of 
marines  William  Vivyan,  and  Lieut.  Christie,  of  the  A  frican 
corps,  proceeded  to  attack  the  French  18-gun  brig  Senegal 
and  a  schooner,  in  the  Senegal  River.  At  9h.  30m.  p.m.,  the 
boats  left  the  Melpomene,  and  pulled  in  safety  through  a 
surf  which  broke  heavily  on  the  bar,  unseen  from  the  battery 
at  the  point,  and  at  llh.  10m.  arrived  within  a  few  yards  of 
the  brig's  bows.  The  brig,  on  discovering  their  approach, 
opened  fire  from  her  bow  guns,  and  at  the  first  discharge 
killed  Lieutenant  Palmer  and  seven  men,  and  two  boats 
were  sunk.  The  remaining  three  boats  dashed  on,  boarded 
the  brig,  and,  after  a  very  hard  fight  of  twenty  minutes, 
carried  the  enemy,  on  board  which  were  sixty  men,  com- 
manded by  Citizen  Renou.  The  schooner  cut  her  cable  and 
took  shelter  under  a  battery  on  the  south  side  of  the  river. 
The  brig  was  got  under  sail;  but  owing  to  an  ebbing  tide 
and  a  want  of  knowledge  of  the  river,  she  grounded  on  the 
bar,  and  it  was  found  necessary  to  quit  her.  After  pulling 
through  a  very  heavy  surf,  exposed  to  a  fire  of  grape  and 
musketry  from  the  shore,  the  boats  regained  the  Melpomene. 
The  brig  was  soon  up  to  her  gunwales  in  the  quicksand,  and 
totally  destroyed.  The  loss  amounted  to  Lieuts.  Palmer  and 
Vivyan,  Robert  Main,  midshipman,  six  seamen,  one  marine, 
and  a  corporal  of  the  African  corps,  killed;  and  Lieut. 
Christie,   John   Hendrie,   master's    mate,   Robert    Darling, 


1801.]         CAPTURE  OF  THE  ECLAIR,  ETC.  19 

surgeon's  mate,  ten  seamen,  and  five  marines,  wounded  : 
total,  eleven  killed,  and  eighteen  wounded. 

On  the  evening  of  the  17th  of  January,  the  French 
schooner  Eclair,  mounting  four  long  guns  and  twenty  swivels, 
with  a  crew  of  forty-five  men,  having  anchored  under  the 
protection  of  two  batteries  at  Trois  Rivieres,  Guadaloupe, 
the  Garland  tender,  accompanied  by  the  boats  of  the  20-gun 
ship  Daphne,  Captain  Richard  Matson,  18-gun  ship-sloops 
Cyane  and  Hornet,  Commanders  Henry  Matson  and  James 
Nash,  under  the  command  of  Lieuts.  Kenneth  Mackenzie 
and  Francis  Peachey,  proceeded  to  cut  her  out.  The  Gar- 
land, having  on  board  Lieutenant  Peachey,  together  with 
twenty-five  seamen  and  marines,  however,  undertook  the 
business  alone ;  and  having  succeeded  at  daylight  on  the 
18th  in  getting  alongside  the  Eclair,  after  a  short  struggle 
captured  her,  with  the  loss  of  two  men  killed  and  three 
wounded.  The  Eclair  was  a  fine  vessel  of  145  tons,  and  was 
added  to  the  British  navy  as  a  12-gun  schooner. 

On  the  20th  of  January,  the  28-gun  frigate  Mercury, 
Captain  Thomas  Rogers,  captured  off  Sardinia,  after  a  nine 
hours'  chase,  the  French  corvette  Sans-Pareille,  mounting 
eighteen  brass  8-pounders  and  two  36-pounder  carronades. 
The  Sans-Pareille  made  no  resistance.  She  was  laden  with 
shot,  arms,  &c,  for  the  French  army  in  Egypt. 

On  the  26th  of  January,  the  French  36-gun  frigate  De- 
daigneuse  was  chased  off  Cape  Finisterre  by  the  12-pounder 
36-gun  frigate  Oiseau,  Captain  Samuel  Hood  Linzee.  The 
frigates  Sirius  and  Amethyst,  Captains  Richard  King  and 
John  Cooke,  joined  in  the  pursuit,  and  the  Dedaigneuse  was 
captured,  after  a  running  fight  of  forty  minutes,  in  which 
she  had  twenty  men  killed  and  wounded.  The  prize 
measured  900  tons,  and  was  added  to  the  British  navy  under 
her  French  name. 

The  Active,  whose  adventure  under  Fort  Piscadera  we 
have  just  related,1  having  returned  to  Jamaica,  was  found  to 
need  a  thorough  repair,  which  would  occupy  some  con- 
siderable time ;  and  Lieutenant  Fitton,  in  order  to  keep  Ins 
crew  together,  obtained  permission  from  Rear-Admiral 
Duckworth  to  fit  out  temporarily  one  of  the  Active's  prizes, 

1  See  page  15,  ante. 
c2 


20  ACTIVE'S   PRIZE   AND   SANTA   MARIA.  [1801. 

to  cruise  in  while  the  tender  was  repairing.  The  vessel 
selected  was  a  Spanish  felucca  of  about  fifty  tons  burden,  and 
exceedingly  shallow,  but  in  fine  weather  sailed  fast.  Her 
armament  consisted  of  a  long  12-pounder  gun  on  a  pivot, 
which,  by  means  of  a  screw,  was  raised  from  or  lowered  into 
the  hold.  Having  with  difficulty  crammed  the  crew  into 
this  crazy  vessel,  Lieutenant  Fitton  put  to  sea  in  January, 
and  stood  over  to  the  Spanish  main,  where  he  succeeded  in 
capturing  and  destroying  several  Spanish  privateers  and 
small  craft,  which  had  for  a  long  time  infested  the  commerce 
of  the  islands.  A  succession  of  bad  weather,  together  with 
the  leaky  state  of  the  felucca's  deck,  having  caused  much 
sickness  on  board,  Lieutenant  Fitton  took  possession  of  a 
small  key  near  Point  Canoe,  where  he  landed  his  sick,  and 
endeavoured  to  remedy  some  of  the  defects  of  his  vessel. 
These,  however,  were  for  the  most  part  irremediable :  her 
rigging  and  sails  were  rotten,  and  he  possessed  no  store 
either  of  canvass  or  rope ;  but  as  the  felucca's  sails  were 
larger  than  necessary,  Lieutenant  Fitton,  by  altering  the  rig 
more  into  that  of  a  lugger,  reduced  them,  and  from  the  can- 
vass saved  he  made  sail-twine,  and  repaired  the  sails.  Thus 
refitted,  the  felucca  quitted  the  key  and  stood  over  towards 
Porto  Bello,  in  the  hope  of  making  a  prize  of  some  vessel 
which  should  be  more  seaworthy,  and  which  would  carry 
himself  and  crew  back  to  Jamaica. 

On  the  23rd  of  January,  early  in  the  morning,  being  off" 
Cape  Rosario,  a  schooner  was  discovered  in-shore,  which 
made  sail  towards  the  felucca;  but  the  latter  allowed  the 
schooner  to  close  before  showing  any  hostile  intention.  The 
stranger  was  the  Spanish  guarda  costa  Santa  Maria,  mounting 
six  (but  pierced  for  ten)  long  6-pounders  and  ten  swivels, 
with  a  crew  of  sixty  men,  commanded  by  Don  Josef  Corei ; 
which,  having  approached  within  musket-shot  to  windward, 
hauled  up,  and  suspecting  the  character  of  the  felucca,  refused 
a  closer  contact.  Lieutenant  Fitton's  intention  was  to 
board ;  but  being  denied  an  opportunity,  he  could  only  resort 
to  his  gun,  which,  being  raised  from  the  hold,  was  discharged 
with  such  quickness  and  precision,  that,  after  thirty  minutes' 
mutual  cannonading,  the  Santa  Maria  crowded  sail  for  the 
Isle  of  Varus,  closely  followed  by  the  British  vessel.  To 
escape  her  persevering  adversary,  the  Santa  Maria  at  length 


1801.]        BORDELAIS   WITH    CURIEUX   AND   CONSORTS.  21 

ran  ashore,  and  in  a  few  minutes  the  felucca  grounded 
within  a  few  yards  of  her.  The  Spanish  crew  still  keeping 
up  a  galling  fire  of  musketry,  Lieutenant  Fitton,  having  no 
boat,  gallantly  jumped  overboard  with  his  sword  between  his 
teeth,  and,  followed  by  several  of  his  crew,  swam  to  the 
schooner,  and  after  much  resistance,  gained  possession  of  the 
vessel.  By  means  of  the  anchors  and  cables  of  the  prize, 
the  felucca  (having  first  thrown  her  gun  overboard)  was  hove 
off;  and  as  the  inhabitants  were  assembling  in  great  num- 
bers on  the  shore,  and  annoying  the  crew  with  musketry,  it 
was  found  necessary  to  destroy  the  schooner.  After  allowing 
her  crew  to  land,  and  taking  from  her  all  that  could  be 
removed,  she  was  set  on  fire.  In  this  affair,  the  tender  had 
two  seamen  killed  and  five  wounded.  Many  in  the  sick-list, 
on  hearing  the  order  given  to  board,  unmindful  of  the 
doctor's  injunctions,  quitted  their  hammocks  and  jumped 
overboard  with  the  rest,  but  being  excessively  weak, 
were  with  difficulty  preserved  from  drowning.  The  loss  of 
the  guarda  costa,  as  owned  to  by  her  officers,  amounted  to 
five  men  killed  and  nine  wounded,  including  her  commander, 
very  badly.  Having  effected  this  gallant  service,  Lieutenant 
Fitton1  made  sail  for  Jamaica,  and  arrived  in  Black  River 
on  the  fourth  day,  with  scarcely  a  gallon  of  water  on  board. 
On  the  29th  of  January,  the  24-gun  ship  Bordelais,  Cap- 
tain Thomas  Manby,  while  off  Barbadoes,  was  chased  by  two 
French  national  brigs  and  a  schooner.  At  sunset,  the  Bor- 
delais having  shortened  sail,  the  Curieux,  of  eighteen  long 
8-pounders,  Captain  Radelet,  Murine,  of  sixteen  long 
6-pounders,  and  schooner  Esperance,  of  six  4-pounders,  got 
within  range.  At  6h.  p.m.,  the  Bordelais  having  wore  round, 
brought  the  Curieux  to  action  within  half  pistol-shot ;  which 
was  maintained  by  the  brig  for  thirty  minutes,  her  consorts 
having  abandoned  her  at  the  onset.  The  brig,  finding  the 
3  2 -pounders  of  the  Bordelais  too  much  for  her,  was  compelled 
to  surrender,  after  having  had  fifty  men  killed  and  wounded, 

1  At  the  peace  which  followed  at  the  end  of  this  year,  this  dashing 
officer  returned  to  England  ;  and  although  he  had  been  acting  for  about 
six  years,  in  each  of  which  he  had  seen  much  service,  the  Admiralty,  in 
consequence  of  some  informality  in  his  acting  order,  refused  to  confirm 
him  in  the  rank  of  lieutenant ! — and  he  afterwards  served  near  two  years 
before  this  rank  was  conferred  upon  him. 


Ships. 

Admiral  Lord  Keith,  K.B.  (blue 

Foudroyant ■ 

Captain  Philip  Beaver 

„ 

William  Young 

Kent     - 

Rear-Adm.  Sir  R.  Bickerton,  Bt.  (white) 

Captain  William  Hope 

Ajax     . .  ...  ...  ... ... 

,, 

Hon.  A.  Inglis  Cochrane 

Minotaur,.. ...  ...  ... 

>> 

Thomas  Louis 

Northumberland 

a 

George  Martin 

Tigre .  . 

}> 

Sir  Wm.  Sidney  Smith 

Swiftsure.  .  ...  . .  ... 

>> 

Benjamin  Hallowell 

22  LANDING   IN   EGYPT.  [1801. 

including  the  captain,  who  had  both  legs  shot  off,  and  who 
only  survived  a  few  hours.  The  Bordelais  had  one  man 
killed,  and  Lieut.  Robert  Barrie,  James  Jones,  master's 
mate,  John  Lions,  midshipman,  and  four  seamen  wounded. 
The  Curieux  foundered  at  8h.  p.m.  ;  and  midshipmen  Spence 
aud  Auckland,  with  five  seamen  of  the  Bordelais,  perished 
in  her,  along  with  a  great  portion  of  the  wounded. 

On  the  31st  of  January,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
following  ships,  arrived  in  Marmorice  Bay,  on  the  coast  of 
Karamania. 

Guns. 

80 


74  J 


with  frigates,  flutes,  and  transports,  amounting  in  all  to 
seventy  sail,  having  on  board  16,000  troops,  under  General 
Sir  Ralph  Abercromby.  This  fleet  sailed  from  Marmorice, 
and  reached  Alexandria  on  the  1st  of  February,  and  on  the 
same  day  anchored  in  Aboukir  Bay;  but  a  succession  of 
northerly  gales  had  caused  so  heavy  a  swell,  that  the  dis- 
embarkation was  delayed  until  the  8th. 

At  3h.  a.m.  on  this  day  the  signal  was  made  for  the  boats, 
in  number  320,  to  assemble  near  the  Mondovi,  Captain  John 
Stewart,  anchored  about  a  gun-shot  from  the  shore;  and  at 
9h.  a.m.  the  flotilla,  formed  in  a  double  line  abreast,  with  the 
accuracy  of  a  column  of  soldiers,  pulled  steadily  towards  the 
shore,  flanked  at  each  end  by  gun-boats  and  an  armed  cutter. 
The  whole  were  under  the  direction  of  Captain  Cochrane,  of 
the  Ajax,  assisted  by  Captains  James  Stevenson  (Europa), 
George  Scott  (Stately),  John  Larmour  (Diadem),  Charles 
Apthorp  (Druid),  and  John  Morrison  (Thisbe),  and  by  the 
several  agents  of  transports.  The  launches,  containing  the 
field  artillery,  as  well  as  a  detachment  of  seamen  to  co-operate 
with  the  army,  were  under  the  direction  of  Captain  Sir 
Sidney  Smith,    assisted   by  Commanders   Peter   Bibouleau 


1801.]  LANDING  IN   EGYPT.  23 

(Astrea),  David  Oliver  Guion  (Eurus),  John  G.  Saville  (Ex- 
periment), John  Burn  (Blonde),  and  James  Hillyar  (Niger). 
The  bomb-vessels  Tartarus  and  Fury,  Commanders  Thomas 
Hand  and  Richard  Curry,  were  placed  at  the  proper  distance 
for  throwing  shells ;  and  the  sloops  Peterel,  Cameleon,  and 
Minorca,  Commanders  Charles  Inglis,  Edward  O'Bryen,  and 
George  Miller,  were  moored  close  to  the  beach,  with  their 
broadsides  bearing  upon  it.  The  battalion  of  marines  ap- 
pointed to  act  with  the  army  was  commanded  by  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Walter  Smith. 

The  French  troops  assembled  to  dispute  the  landing 
amounted  to  about  7,000  men,  under  General  Friant,  winch 
were  formed  behind  the  sand-hills ;  and  on  a  steep  hill  a 
battery  of  fifteen  pieces  of  heavy  artillery  was  advantageously 
placed,  and  field-pieces  and  mortars  were  planted  with  equal 
skill.  As  the  boats  approached  the  shore,  a  very  destruc- 
tive cannonade  was  opened  from  the  guns  on  the  heights, 
and  also  from  the  castle  of  Aboukir,  to  which  was  soon  added 
a  constant  roar  of  musketry,  as  well  as  grape-shot  from  the 
sand-hills.  The  boats,  however,  moved  on  in  excellent  order, 
and  in  a  short  time  the  troops  were  disembarked  on  the 
beach,  and  quickly  dashed  on  at  the  enemy,  which,  after  a 
sharp  contest,  were  driven  from  their  position.  The  boats 
returned  for  the  second  division  ;  and  before  the  evening  of 
the  9th,  the  whole  army,  together  with  their  stores  and 
provisions,  were  landed. 

Sir  Sidney  Smith  was  then  detached,  with  1,000  seamen, 
to  serve  with  the  army,  which  with  their  usual  energy,  under 
their  daring  leader,  dragged  cannon  up  the  heights.  The 
loss  sustained  on  the  whole,  including  that  occasioned  by 
landing  the  troops,  amounted  to  twenty-two  men  killed,  and 
Lieutenants  John  Bray  (Stately),  George  Thomas  (Europa), 
and  Francis  Collins  (Dolphin);  Richard  Ogleby,  master's 
mate  (Charon);  John  Finchley  (Swiftsure),  John  Donellan 
(Iphigenia),  and  Edward  Robinson  (Dictator),  midshipmen 
(the  latter  mortally),  and  sixty-three  seamen,  wounded.  The 
army  had,  on  the  same  occasion,  124  killed  and  585 
wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  February  the  British  army  moved  forward, 
and  on  the  13th  a  battle  was  fought,  in  which  the  seamen 
and  marines  took  a  very  distinguished  part,  and  Mr.  Wright 


24  PENGUIN   AND    FRENCH    SQUADRON.  [1801. 

(midshipman)  and  five  seamen  were  killed,  and  nineteen 
seamen  wounded ;  and  Lieuts.  of  marines  Paul  Hussey  and 
John  Linzee  Spea,  and  twenty-two  were  killed;  and  Major 
William  Minto,  Captain  Robert  Torkington,  Lieuts.  John 
Perry  and  George  Peebles,  two  sergeants,  and  twenty-nine 
privates,  wounded.  The  army  had  186  killed  and  1,135 
wounded.  For  the  subsequent  operations  of  the  British 
army,  and  the  death  of  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  we  must 
refer  our  readers  to  our  military  historians.  A  naval  med^i 
has  been  granted  to  those  who  participated  in  this  arduous 
service. 

The  32-gun  frigate  Success,  Captain  Shuldham  Peard,  was 
captured  on  the  13th  of  February  by  a  French  squadron 
under  M.  Ganteaume. 

On  the  18th  of  February,  the  18-gun  sloop  Penguin,  Com- 
mander Robert  Mansel,  being  in.  lat.  28°  24/  north,  Ion. 
18°  17'  west,  on  her  way  to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  with 
despatches,  discovered  three  ships  on  her  weather  quarter, 
bearing  west-north-west,  the  leading  one  a  corvette,  having 
twelve  ports  of  a  side.  The  corvette,  at  a  little  past  noon, 
edged  off  the  wind  to  close  the  Penguin,  which  in  the  mean- 
while had  shortened  sail,  and  got  ready  to  receive  her.  But 
a  nearer  approach  induced  the  French  commander  to  alter 
his  design,  and  he  tacked  to  rejoin  lus  consorts.  The  Pen- 
guin also  tacked,  and  at  5h.  10m.  arrived  within  gun-shot  of 
the  corvette,  which  then,  with  her  companions,  fired  a  shot 
and  hoisted  French  colours.  After  much  manoeuvring,  the 
largest  of  the  enemy's  ships  (apparently  a  store-ship)  appeared 
to  meditate  running  the  British  brig  on  board;  but  a  well- 
directed  broadside  from  the  latter  caused  this  ship  to  let  fly 
her  top-gallant  sheets,  and  haul  down  her  colours.  Captain 
Mansel,  without  waiting  to  take  possession  of  a  beaten 
enemy,  hauled  to  the  wind  in  pursuit  of  the  corvette,  and  at 
7h.  45m.  was  on  the  point  of  renewing  the  engagement  when 
her  fore-topmast  went  over  the  side,  on  which  the  corvette 
bore  up  to  attack  her,  and  a  veiy  spirited  action  ensued. 
The  engagement  lasted  till  Sh.  30m.  p.m.,  when  the  corvette 
again  hauled  to  the  wind,  and  discontinued  the  action.  The 
damages  to  the  sails  and  rigging  of  the  Penguin,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  description  of  missile  fired  from  the  corvette's 
guns  (iron  bars  about  twelve  inches  in  length),  were  very 


1801.]  PHCEBE   AND    AFRICAINE.  25 

great ;  but  having  repaired  them,  and  got  up  another  top- 
mast, she  again  made  sail  in  chase,  and  at  daylight  on  the 
19th  regained  sight  of  them;  but  all  three  succeeded  in 
reaching  Teneriffe.  The  Penguin's  loss,  in  consequence  of 
the  high  firing  of  the  corvette,  was  one  man  killed  and  a  few 
wounded. 

On  the  19th  of  February,  at  4h.  p.m.,  the  18-pounder 
36-gun  frigate  Phoebe,  Captain  Robert  Barlow,  when  about 
two  leagues  to  the  eastward  of  Gibraltar,  working  up  for  that 
place,  with  the  wind  at  west,  discovered  a  ship  under  a  press 
of  sail  steering  to  the  eastward.  The  Phcebe  immediately 
hove  about,  and  made  sail  after  the  stranger,  and  at  7h.  30m., 
by  good  sailing,  arrived  up  on  the  larboard  quarter,  and  fired 
a  gun  as  a  signal  for  her  to  heave  to.  The  stranger,  which 
was  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Africaine,  Commodore  Saul- 
nier,  from  Rochefort,  bound  to  Egypt,  having  on  board  400 
troops,  finding  an  action  inevitable,  shortened  sail,  and  hauled 
up  on  the  larboard  tack.  The  Phcebe  also  hauled  up  to 
windward,  and  the  two  ships  being  abreast  of  each  other, 
engaged  with  great  spirit  until  9h.  30m.,  when  the  Africaine, 
having  her  decks  covered  with  killed  and  wounded,  and  her 
masts, .  sails,  and  rigging  very  much  damaged,  with  five  feet 
water  in  the  hold,  struck  her  colours.  The  carnage  on  board 
the  Africaine  was  terrific.  Of  her  crew  and  troops — together 
715  persons — she  had  Commodore  Saulnier,  a  brigadier- 
general,  three  surgeons  (killed  in  the  cockpit),  ten  officers, 
and  185 seamen  and  soldiers,  killed;  and  General  Desforneaux, 
two  generals  of  brigade,  her  first  lieutenant  (Jacques  Magen- 
die),  thirteen  inferior  officers,  and  125  seamen  and  soldiers, 
wounded  :  total,  200  killed,  and  143  wounded.  The  Phoebe's 
crew  numbered  239  men,  of  whom  she  had  one  seaman 
killed,  and  her  first  lieutenant,  John  Wentworth  Holland, 
Thomas  Griffiths,  master,  and  ten  seamen  wounded.  Both 
ships  reached  Mahon  about  a  fortnight  after  the  action. 
Captain  Barlow  received  the  honour  of  knighthood,  and 
Lieutenant  Holland  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 
The  prize  was  added  to  the  British  navy  as  an  18-pounder 
38-gun  frigate,  under  the  name  of  Amelia.  The  naval 
medal  has  recently  been  awarded  to  the  survivors  of  this 
action. 

On   tht   22nd  of   March,  the  frigates  Andromache  and 


26  EXPEDITION   TO   COPENHAGEN.  [1801. 

Cleopatra,  Captains  Israel  Pellow  and  Rober  Lawrie,  cruising 
off  the  north-east  coast  of  Cuba,  observed  a  convoy  of 
twenty-five  Spanish  vessels,  known  to  be  richly  laden,  at 
anchor  in  the  Bay  of  Levita,  under  the  protection  of  three 
armed  galleys.  The  boats  were  accordingly  despatched, 
under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Joseph  Taylor,  of  the 
Andromache,  and  at  midnight  arrived  within  gun-shot  of 
the  galleys,  which  received  them  with  a  heavy  and  destruc- 
tive fire  of  grape,  langridge,  and  musketry.  The  boats, 
however,  dashed  on,  and  boarded ;  but  having  suffered  a 
heavy  loss  in  the  execution  of  this  service,  it  was  found  imprac- 
ticable to  carry  off  more  than  one  trophy.  Several  boats  were 
sunk,  and  the  loss  amounted  to  Lieutenant  Taylor,  William 
McCuin,  master's  mate,  William  Winchester,  midshipman 
(both  of  the  Cleopatra),  and  six  seamen  killed,  and  twelve 
wounded.  The  loss  on  board  the  Spanish  vessels  was  also 
severe. 

The  threatening  attitude  assumed  by  the  northern  powers 
just  alluded  to  having  rendered  some  step  necessary  on  the 
part  of  the  British  government,  a  fleet  was  despatched  from 
Yarmouth  Boads  on  the  12th  of  March,  under  the  command 
of  Admiral  Sir  Hyde  Parker,  having  Lord  Nelson  as  his 
vice-admiral.  This  fleet  consisted  of  eighteen  sail  of  the 
line,  with  frigates  and  bomb-vessels,  &c,  having  on  board  the 
49th  regiment,  two  companies  of  the  rifle  corps,  and  a 
detachment  of  artillery.  On  the  21st,  the  fleet  anchored  at 
the  entrance  of  the  Sound.  Mr.  Yansittart,  in  the  Blanche 
frigate,  who  had  preceded  the  expedition,  and  had  gone  on 
to  Copenhagen,  returned  to  the  fleet  on  the  23  rd,  together 
with  Mr.  Drummond,  the  British  charge  cF  affaires  at  Copen- 
hagen, when  it  appeared  that  all  the  terms  proposed  by  the 
English  government  had  been  rejected,  and  that  the  Danes 
were  using  every  means  to  resist  an  attack.1 

1  While  these  negotiations  were  under  discussion,  an  officer  of  dis- 
tinction, and  high  in  favour  with  the  crown  prince,  arrived  on  board  the 
admiral's  ship,  with  a  verbal  answer  to  some  of  the  proposals.  Finding 
some  difficulty  in  making  himself  understood,  the  officer  was  requested 
to  submit  his  communication  in  writing,  and  a  pen  (none  of  the  best, 
probably)  was  offered  to  him  for  the  purpose.  Observing  that  it  had 
seen  much  service  and  required  mending,  the  officer,  whose  wit  was 


1801.]  NELSON  AT  COPENHAGEN.  27 

After  some  little  delay,  the  British  fleet  got  underway  at 
6h.  a.m.  on  the  30th,  and  with  a  fine  breeze  at  north-north- 
west, formed  in  line  ahead  and  proceeded  up  the  Sound  ; 
the  van  division  commanded  by  Vice- Admiral  Lord  Nelson, 
the  centre  by  Sir  Hyde  Parker,  and  the  rear  by  Eear- 
Admiral  Thomas  Graves.  At  7h.  a.m.,  the  batteries  at 
Elsineur  opened  fire  upon  the  Monarch,  but  without  doing 
any  damage ;  and  only  a  few  ships  fired  in  return,  except 
the  bomb-vessels,  which  threw  more  than  200  shells  into 
Cronenburg  and  Helsingen,  doing  much  execution.  The  only 
casualty  in  the  British  fleet  was  occasioned  by  the  bursting 
of  a  24-pounder  on  board  the  Isis,  by  which  accident  seven 
men  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  fleet  continued  its 
course,  keeping  within  a  mile  of  the  Swedish  shore,  on 
which  only  eight  guns  were  mounted,  and  thus  avoided 
the  fire  of  100  pieces  of  cannon  mounted  in  the  castle  of 
Cronenburg. 

About  noon,  the  fleet  anchored  above  the  island  of  Huen, 
and  fifteen  miles  below  Copenhagen.  The  three  admirals, 
with  Captain  Domett,  Colonel  Stuart,  and  others,  then 
proceeded  in  the  Lark  lugger  to  reconnoitre  the  defences  of 
the  enemy  ;  and  in  the  evening  a  council  of  war  was  held 
on  board  the  London,  at  which  Lord  Nelson  offered  to  con- 
duct an  attack  with  ten  sail  of  the  line  and  all  the  smaller 
vessels.  This  proposal  was  accepted  by  Sir  Hyde  Parker, 
who  added  two  ships  of  the  line  to  the  force  demanded,  and 
the  following  were  selected  for  this  service  :  — 

Guns.  Ships. 

(  Vice- Admiral  Lord  Nelson,  K.B.  (blue) 

Elephant <  Captain  Thomas  Foley 

f      „         Thomas  M.  Hardy 
Defiance  \  R^3,1""  Admiral  Thomas  Graves  (white) 

mi  J  '""  (  Captain  Richard  Retalick 

~RA"»r  George  Murray 


Edgar 
j  Monarch 
I  Bellona 
I  Ganges 
I.  Russell 


James  Robert  Mosse 
Sir  Thomas  Bouldeh  Thompson 
Thomas  Francis  Fremantle 
William  Cuming 


sharp  enough,  remarked,  sarcastically,  that  if  their  guns  were  not  better 
pointed  than  their  pens,  they  would  not  make  any  very  great  impression 
on  the  walls  of  Copenhagen. 


28  RECONNOITRING   THE   ENEMY.  [1801. 

Guns.  Ships. 

!  Agamemnon    . .  Captain  Robert  Devereux  Fancourt 

Ardent     „  Thomas  Bertie 

Polyphemus    ...  „  John  Lawford 

50jGlatton „  William  Bligh 

{  Isis „  James  Walker 

Frigates. 

38     Amazon   „  Henry  Riou 

„g  \  Desiree     „  Henry  Inman 

\  Blanche    ......  „  Graham  E.  Hammond 

32     Alcmene  ......  ,,  Samuel  Sutton 

24     Jamaica ,,  Jonas  Rose 

Ship-    {  Arrow Commander  William  Bolton  (act.) 

sloops.  \  Dart.  . „  John  F.  Devonshire 

Brig-    |  Cruiser „  Jame3  Brisbane 

sloops.  |  Harpy „  William  Birchall 

/"Discovery     . .  _  „  John  Conn 

Explosion     ....  „  John  H.  Martin 

I  Hecla „  Richard  Hatherill 

Bombs.  ■{  Sulphur    ......  „  Hender  Whitter 

I  Terror „  Samuel  C.  Rowley 

|  Volcano    _..,..  „  James  Watson 

I  Zebra    „  Edward  S.  Clay 

Fire-    j  Zephyr „  Clotworthy  Upton 

ships.    (  Otter „  Geo.  McKinley 

Also  launches  from  most  of  the  ships  of  the  fleet,  with  anchors  and  cables 
to  assist  ships  on  shore,  &c. 

The  Danes,  in  order  to  render  the  approach — at  all  times 
exceedingly  intricate — more  difficult,  had  removed  the  buoys, 
and  Lord  Nelson,  accompanied  by  Captain  James  Brisbane, 
proceeded  in  his  boat  to  rebuoy  the  outer  channel. 

On  the  morning  of  the  1st  of  April,  the  fleet  weighed, 
and  anchored  again  about  six  miles  from  Copenhagen,  off 
the  north-western  extremity  of  the  middle  ground,  which 
shoal  extends  along  the  whole  sea  front  of  the  city,  with 
the  King's  Channel  inside,  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  in 
width,  in  which  channel  the  Danish  block-ships,  radeaus, 
prames,  and  gun-vessels,  were  moored.  In  the  forenoon, 
Lord  Nelson  embarked  on  board  the  Amazon,  and  again 
reconnoitred  the  Danish  force  ;  and  soon  after  his  return  at 
lh.  p.m.,  ordered  the  signal  to  weigh  to  be  hoisted  on  board 
the  Elephant.  This  signal  was  received  by  loud  cheers 
from  the  different  ships  of  the  fleet ;  and  in  a  very  short 
time  the  vice-admiral's  squadron,  amounting  in  all  to  thirty- 
six  sail,  were  underway,  and  formed  in  two  divisions,  with  a 


1801.]  DANISH  FORCE.  29 

light  but  favourable  air  of  wind,  leaving  Sir  Hyde  Parker  at 
anchor  with  the  undermentioned  eight  sail  of  the  line  : 

Guns.  Ships. 

j  Admiral  Sir  Hyde  Parker  (blue) 

j  London -j  Captain  Wm.  Domett 

Kobert  Waller  Otway 


/  St.  George  . 

(  Warrior  ... . 
y .  )  Defence    ...  . 

j  Saturn ...... 

(  Ramillies . .  . 
g1  (  Eaisonnable 

/  Veteran 


Thomas  Masterman  Hardy1 

Charles  Tyler 

Lord  Henry  Paulet 

Robert  Lambert 

Jas.  Wm.  Taylor  Dixon 

John  Dilkes 

A.  Collingwood  Dickson 


The  Amazon  leading,  the  British  squadron  passed  along 
the  edge  of  the  middle  ground  until  it  had  reached  the 
southern  extremity,  and  at  about  8h.  p.m.  anchored,  the 
headmost  ship  of  the  British  being  then  about  two  miles 
from  the  southernmost  ship  of  the  Danish  line.  Durino-  the 
night,  Captain  Hardy  was  employed  in  sounding  the  channel, 
and  passed  completely  round  one  of  the  enemy's  floating 
batteries  imperceived;  and  about  llh.  p.m.  returned  to  the 
Elephant,  and  reported  the  depth  of  water  close  up  to  the 
Danish  fleet. 

The  following  is  a  description  of  the  Danish  force,  which 
consisted  principally  of  two-decked  ships,  most  of  them 
being  old  and  dismantled;  to  which  were  added  square 
floating  batteries,  radeaus,  and  frigates,  and  other  old  vessels; 
but  all  were  well  manned  and  armed,  and  fully  provided  to 
maintain  a  desperate  resistance  : — 

J  Serving  as  a  volunteer  on  board  the  Elephant.  The  St.  George  was 
Lord  Nelson's  proper  flag-ship. 


DEFENCES   OF   COPENHAGEN. 


[1801. 


Name. 


Description. 


Mounting  Guns  of 


Provesteen . 
Wagner  ... 
Rensburg 
Nyburg  ... 
Jutland  ... 
Suersishen 
Cronburg 
Hajen. .  ... 
Dannebrog . 
Elwen 
Grenier's  float 
Aggerstans 
Zealand  ... 
Charl  Amelia 
Sobesten 
Holstein. 
Indosforethen 
Hielpern     .... 


Block-ship 

Prame   ... . . 

Block-ship 

Radeau 

Block-ship 

Radeau 

Block-ship 

Radeau 

Prame 

74 -gun  ship 

Block-ship 

Radeau 

60-gun  ship 

Block-ship 

Frigate  .  .  ... 


28 


20 


4S 


360 


30 


24 


24 


14 


14 


56 

48 
20 
20 
48 
20 
22 
20 
62 
6 
24 
20 
74 
26 
IS 
60 
64 
20 


70 


72 


628 


515 
361 
216 
209 
396 
117 
196 
155 
336 
80 
120 
213 
529 
225 
126 
400 
390 
265 


4,849 


At  the  northern  extremity  of  this  line,  which  extended 
above  a  mile  and  a  half,  were  the  two  Trekroner  batteries 
formed  on  piles ;  one  mounting  thirty  long  24-pounders, 
and  the  other  thirty-eight  long  36-pounders,  with  furnaces 
for  heating  shot.  These  batteries  were  each  commanded 
by  two  two-decked  block-ships,  the  Mars  and  Elephanten, 
not  included  in  the  foregoing  list.  A  chain  was  thrown 
across  the  entrance  to  the  inner  harbour  (as  it  may  be 
termed,  to  distinguish  it  from  the  outer  roadstead  in  which 
the  flotilla  was  moored),  which  was  also  protected  by  the 
crown  batteries,  and  in  addition  by  the  74-gun  ships 
Trekroner  and  Dannemark,  a  40-gun  frigate,  two  brigs,  and 
some  armed  boats,  which  latter  were  provided  with  furnaces 
for  heating  shot.  On  the  island  of  Aniag,  to  the  southward 
of  the  line,  were  several  gun  and  mortar  batteries.  The 
whole  Danish  force  was  under  the  command  of  Commodore 


1801.]  BELLONA   AND    RUSSELL   AGROUND.  31 

Olfert  Fischer,  who  had  his  broad  pendant  flying  on  board 
the  6 2 -gun  ship  Dannebrog. 

At  8h.  a.m.  on  2nd  of  April,  the  signal  was  made  for  the 
captains  of  the  several  ships,  to  each  of  which  Lord  Nelson 
assigned  their  several  stations.  The  intention  was  that  all 
the  ships  of  the  line  should  take  their  places  abreast  of  the 
enemy's  ships,  anchoring  by  the  stern  ;  while  the  frigates 
were  to  attack  the  ships  off  the  harbour's  mouth,  and  to 
rake  the  southern  extremity  of  the  Danish  line.  It  was  also 
intended  that  the  49  th  regiment,  under  Colonel  Stewart, 
and  500  seamen,  under  Captain  Fremantle,  should  storm 
the  largest  of  the  crown  batteries.  These  plans,  however, 
were  many  of  them  frustrated  by  the  accidents  which  hap- 
pened. At  9h.  30m.,  wind  south-east,  the  pilots  assembled 
on  board  the  Elephant,  and  their  want  of  knowledge  and 
indecision  became  evident,  and  it  would  have  been  well  had 
the  opinion  of  Captain  Hardy  been  taken.  However,  the 
signal  was  made  to  weigh.  The  Edgar  led,  and  the  Aga- 
memnon was  to  have  followed  her  ;  but  the  wind  being- 
scant,  and  a  strong  tide  running,  the  latter  found  it  impossible 
to  get  round  the  end  of  the  shoal,  and  after  two  or  three 
attempts  was  compelled  to  anchor.  The  Polyphemus  then 
became  the  second  ship,  followed  by  the  Isis.  The  Bellona, 
owing  to  the  ignorance  of  her  pilot  —  although  she  had 
rounded  the  point — got  ashore  on  the  middle  ground,  about 
450  yards  from  the  rear  of  the  Danish  line,  where,  however, 
she  was  within  reach  of  the  enemy's  shot ;  and  the  Russell 
following  her  leader  very  closely,  also  grounded,  with  her 
jib-boom  almost  over  the  Bellona's  taffrail. 

The  Elephant,  bearing  Lord  Nelson's  flag,  was  the  next 
ship,  but,  in  opposition  to  the  pilots,  on  observing  the  acci- 
dent to  two  of  his  ships,  the  Elephant's  helm  was  put 
a-starboard,  and  she  passed  to  the  westward,  and  on  the  lar- 
board side  of  the  Bellona  ;  the  remaining  ships  following 
the  same  course,  succeeded  in  getting  into  action.  At  10b. 
the  firing  commenced  ;  but  the  ships  principally  engaged  for 
the  first  half-hour  were  the  Polyphemus,  Isis,  Edgar,  Monarch, 
and  Ardent.  At  llh.  30m.  the  Glatton,  Elephant,  Ganges, 
and  Defiance,  as  well  as  several  of  the  smaller  vessels,  had 
reached  their  several  stations ;  and  the  Desiree,  by  directing 
a  raking  fire  at  the  Provesteen,  drew  part  of  her  attention 


32  NELSON   RECALLED.  [1801. 

from  the  Isis,  which  ship,  however,  suffered  very  severely. 
The  strong  tide  prevented  the  Jamaica  and  the  gun-vessels 
from  getting  near  enough  to  take  part  in  the  action,  nor  did 
the  bombs  perform  much  service.  The  grounding  of  the 
Bellona  and  Russell,  and  the  absence  of  the  Agamemnon, 
occasioned  some  of  the  British  ships  to  have  more  than  one 
opponent.  The  Amazon  suffered  considerably,  Captain  Riou 
having  anchored  her,  with  three  other  frigates  and  the  sloops, 
abreast  of  the  Trekroner  batteries. 

The  engagement  had  continued  three  hours,  and  no  ship 
in  the  Danish  line  had  ceased  firing.  On  the  other  hand, 
signals  of  distress  were  flying  on  board  the  Russell  and 
Bellona,  and  the  Agamemnon  had  hoisted  that  of  inability. 
The  Veteran,  Defence,  and  Ramillies  had  been  detached  to 
reinforce  Lord  Nelson  ;  but  their  progress  was  so  slow,  that 
Sir  Hyde  Parker  was  induced  to  order  the  signal  to  be  made 
to  discontinue  the  action.  The  signal  officer  of  the  Elephant 
reported  to  Lord  Nelson  that  No.  39  (the  signal  for  leaving 
off  action)  was  flying  on  board  the  admiral's  ship,  and  asked 
if  he  should  repeat  it.  "  No,"  said  his  lordship  ;  "  but 
answer  it."  The  answering  pendant  was  accordingly  hoisted. 
Immediately  afterwards  his  lordship  demanded  if  the  signal 
for  close  action  was  still  flying  on  board  his  own  ship  ;  and 
being  answered  in  the  affirmative,  replied,  "  Mind  you  keep 
it  so." 1 

1  Lord  Nelson  now  paced  the  deck  moving  the  stump  of  his  right  arm 
in  a  manner  which  always  indicated  great  emotion.  "Do  you  know," 
said  he  to  Mr.  Fergusson,  "  what  is  shown  on  board  the  commander-in- 
chief?"  "  No.  39."  "  What  does  that  mean  ?"  "  To  leave  off  action." 
Shrugging  up  his  shoulders,  he  repeated  the  words,  "  Leave  off  action 

n0W  i me  if  I  do.     You  know,  Foley,"  turning  to  the  captain,  "  I 

have  only  one  eye,  and  I  have  a  right  to  be  blind  sometimes ;"  and 
putting  his  glass  to  his  blind  eye  in  that  mood  which  sports  with  bitter- 
ness, he  exclaimed,  "I  really  do  not  see  the  signal."  Presently  he 
exclaimed,  "  Keep  my  signal  for  close  action  flying  ;  that  is  the  way  I 
answer  such  signals.  Nail  mine  to  the  mast."*  The  Defiance  kept 
No.  16,  for  close  action,  flying  at  the  maintop-gallant  masthead,  and 
repeated  the  recall  of  the  commander-in-chief  at  the  lee  maintop-sail 
yardarm,  where  of  course  it  was  hardly  visible. — Southey. 

*  It  has  been  stated  that,  in  making  this  signal  of  recall,  Sir  Hyde 
had  no  intention  of  defeating  Lord  Nelson's  measures ;  but,  on  the  con- 
trary, that  the  signal  was  only  intended  to  justify  Lord  Nelson,  if  his 
lordship  should  see  cause  for  discontinuing  the  action. 


1801.]  EXTRAORDINARY   NEGOTIATION.  33 

The  frigates  about  this  time  hauled  off  from  the  Crown 
"batteries ;  but  as  the  Amazon  exposed  her  stern  to  their 
heavy  fire,  Captain  Riou  was  cut  in  two,  and  many  others 
added  to  the  slain.  At  lh.  30m.  p.m.  the  firing  of  the  Danes 
slackened,  and  before  2h.  it  had  ceased  in  all  the  ships  astern 
of  the  Zealand ;  but  none  of  the  vessels  would  allow  the 
British  to  take  possession  ;  and  as  the  boats  approached  for 
that  purpose,  they  were  fired  at  by  the  Danes,  continually 
reinforced  from  the  shore.  This  extraordinary  mode  of 
warfare  irritated  Lord  Nelson,  who  was  almost  induced  to 
order  the  fire-ships  in  to  burn  the  surrendered  vessels ;  but 
he  first  determined  to  try  the  effect  of  negotiation,  by 
addressing  a  letter  to  the  Crown  Prince  of  Denmark.  His  lord- 
ship's letter  ran  thus : — "Vice-Admiral  Lord  Nelson  has  been 
commanded  to  spare  Denmark,  when  no  longer  resisting. 
The  line  of  defence  which  covered  her  shores  has  struck  to 
the  British  flag  ;  but  if  the  firing  is  continued  on  the  part 
of  Denmark,  he  must  set  on  fire  all  the  prizes  that  he  has 
taken,  without  having  the  power  of  saving  the  men  who  have 
so  nobly  defended  them.  The  brave  Danes  are  the  brothers, 
and  should  never  be  the  enemies  of  England."  A  wafer  was 
handed  his  lordship  for  the  letter  ;  but  with  that  coolness 
and  ability  which  ever  distinguished  him,  he  remarked  that 
this  was  no  time  to  appear  hurried  and  informal,  and  ordered 
a  candle  to  be  brought  from  the  cockpit.  His  lordship  sealed 
the  letter  with  wax,  affixing  a  larger  impression  than  usual. 
Sir  Frederick  Thesiger  (a  young  commander,  acting  as  one  of 
Lord  Nelson's  aides-de-camp)  was  then  despatched  on  shore 
with  the  letter  and  a  flag  of  truce,  and  meeting  the  Crown 
Prince  at  the  sally-port,  delivered  the  letter. 

In  the  mean  time,  the  cannonade  was  continued  by  the 
Defiance,  Monarch,  and  Ganges,  which  in  a  short  time 
silenced  the  Indosforethen,  Holstein,  and  the  ships  next 
them  in  the  Danish  line.  The  approach  of  the  Defence, 
Ramillies,  and  Veteran,  also  rendered  the  case  of  the  Danes 
hopeless.  The  great  Crown  battery,  however,  having  been 
reinforced  with  1,500  men,  continued  firing  ;  and  it  was 
deemed  advisable  to  withdraw  the  ships  from  before  it  while 
the  wind  continued  fair.  Preparations  were  making  for 
carrying  this  into  effect,  when  the  Danish  adjutant-general, 
Lindholm,  appeared  bearing  a  flag  of  truce,  upon  which  the 

VOL.  II.  D 


34 


KILLED   AND   WOUNDED. 


[1801. 


action,  which  had  raged  incessantly  for  five  hours,  totally 
ceased.  The  message  from  the  Crown  Prince  was  to  inquire 
the  precise  object  of  Lord  Nelson's  note,  when  the  latter 
replied  in  writing  that  humanity  was  his  object ;  that  he 
consented  to  stay  hostilities  ;  that  the  wounded  Danes  should 
be  taken  on  shore  ;  that  he  would  take  his  prisoners  out  of 
the  vessels,  and  burn  or  carry  off  the  prizes  as  he  thought 
fit ;  and  concluded  by  expressing  a  hope  that  the  victory  he 
had  gained  would  lead  to  a  reconciliation  between  the  two 
countries.  This  answer  being  returned,  the  final  adjustment 
of  the  terms  was  referred  to  the  commander-in-chief. 

During  the  interval,  the  British  ships  were  moved  from 
their  stations  in  the  line,  in  doing  which  several  grounded  \ 
the  Elephant  and  Defiance,  in  particular,  remained  fast  for 
many  hours,  about  a  mile  from  the  Trekroner  battery.  Lord 
Nelson  soon  afterwards  quitted  the  Elephant,  and  repaired 
on  board  the  London,  whither  the  Danish  adjutant-general 
had  preceded  him. 

The  following  table  shows  the  loss  sustained  by  the  ships 
of  the  British  squadron,  in  the  order  in  which  they  entered 
the  action  : — 


Ships. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

Ships. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

Desiree 

Russell  ...  ...  . .  ... 

Bellona  ...  ...  ...  . . 

Polyphemus  .... 

Isis    ...  ...  .^  ...  ... 

Edgar    .  .  .. 

Ardent 

Glatton 

Elephant 

Carried  over. . 

11 
6 
33 
31 
30 
18 
10 

4 
6 
72 
25 
88 
111 
64 
37 
13 

Brought  over 

Ganges 

Monarch   ........ 

Defiance    

Amazon    ...  ...  .  . 

Blanche     

Alcmene 

Dart 

139 

7 

56 

24 

14 

7 

5 

3 

420 
1 

164 
51 
23 

19 
1 

Total  

255 

688 

139 

420 

The  following  are  the  names  of  the  officers  killed  and 
wounded  : — Desiree  :  Lieutenant  Andrew  King,  wounded. 
Bellona  :  Captain  Thompson  (leg  amputated),  Lieutenants 
Thomas  Wilks  and  Thomas  Southey,  Masters  mate  James 
Emerton,  Midshipmen  John  Anderson,  Edward  Daubeney, 
"William  Sitford,  and  William  Figg,  wounded.    Polyphemus : 


lOUl.j  OFFICERS   KILLED   AND    WOUNDED.  35 

Midshipman  James  Bell,  killed  ;  Boatswain  Edward  Burr, 
wounded.  Isis  :  Master  Daniel  Lamond,  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Henry  Long,  Midshipmen  George  McKinlay  and 
Thomas  Ram,  killed ;  Lieutenant  of  marines  Richard  Cor- 
nack,  Midshipmen  Reuben  Pain,  Simon  Fraser,  and  Charles 
Jones,  wounded.  Edgar  :  Lieutenant  Edmund  Johnson  and 
Lieut,  of  marines  Benjamin  Spencer,  killed ;  Lieuts.  Joshua 
Johnson  and  William  Goldfinch,  Midshipmen  Thomas  Ga- 
hagan,  William  Whimper,  James  Ridge,  Peter  Proctor,  and 
William  Domett,  wounded.  Ardent  :  Midshipman  George 
Hoare,  killed.  Glatton  :  Lieutenant  William  Tindall, 
Master's  mate  Robert  Thompson,  Midshipman  John  Wil- 
liams, wounded.  Elephant :  Captain  James  Bawden,  of  the 
rifle  corps,  and  Master's  mate  Henry  Yaulden,  killed ;  Mid- 
shipmen Robert  Gill  and  Hugh  Mitchell,  wounded.  Ganges : 
Master  Robert  Stewart,  killed.  Monarch  :  Captain  Mosse, 
killed  ;  Lieutenant  William  Minchin,  Boatswain  "v^illiam 
Joy,  Midshipmen  Henry  Swimmer,  William  Johnson  Bowes, 
Thomas  Harlowe,  George  Morgan,  and  Philip  Le  Vesconte^ 
Lieutenants  James  Marrie,  of  the  marines,  and  James 
Dennis,  of  the  49th  regt.,  wounded.  Defiance  :  Lieutenant 
George  Gray,  killed  ;  Midshipman  James  Galloway,  Boat- 
swain Lewis  Paterson,  Clerk  Harry  Niblet,  wounded. 
Amazon  :  Captain  Riou,  Midshipman  Hon.  George  Tucket, 
Clerk  Joseph  Rose,  killed  ;  Master's  mates  James  Harvey 
and  Philip  Horn,  wounded.  Alcmene  :  Acting  Lieutenant 
Henry  Baker,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Charles  Meredeth, 
Boatswain  Charles  Church,  Master's  mate  George  A.  Spear- 
ing, wounded.  Dart  :  Lieutenant  Richard  Edwin  Sandys, 
wounded. 

The  above  is  the  official  return,  and  does  not  include  the 
slightly  wounded,  which  amounted  to  a  great  many.  Of 
those  numbered  amongst  the  wounded  a  large  proportion  were 
dangerously,  and  many  mortally )  and  Mr.  James  estimates 

that  on  the  whole  the  British  loss  may  be  thus  stated  : 

killed  and  mortally  wounded,  350  j  recoverably  and  slightly, 
850.  It  is  quite  evident  that  so  heavy  a  loss  could  only 
have  resulted  from  cool  and  steady  firing  on  the  part  of 
the  Danes,  who  did  not  aim  at  dismasting  the  British  ships ; 
indeed  only  one  ship  (the  Glatton)  lost  a  topmast.  Several 
ships  had   guns  disabled.     The  loss  on  board  the  Danish 


36 


DISPOSAL    OF   THE    DANISH    FLEET 


[1801. 


ships,  according  to  the  very  lowest  estimate,  amounted  to 
between  1,G00  and  1,800  men  killed  and  wounded,  and  pro- 
bably far  exceeded  the  highest  of  these  numbers. 

The  following  table   shows  in  what  manner  the  Danish 
force  was  disposed  of : — 


Name. 


Whether  Burnt  or  Captured,  &c,  and  by  what 
Ships  principally  engaged. 


Provesteen,  ) 

Wagner ) 

Kensburg 

Ny  burg     

Jutland,  Suer- 
sishen,  Cron- 
berg,  Hagen  . . 

Dannebrog   .... 

Elwen,    Grenier's 

float    

Aggerstans  ..... 

Zealand     

Charl.  Amelia 
Sobesten    .... 

Holstein   

Indosforethen  . . 

Hielpern 


Taken  and  burnt,  having  been  aban- 
doned by  the  Danes  when  tbe  guns 
were  useless.  (Desiree,  Russell,  Bel- 
lona,  and  Polyphemus.) 
Driven  on  shore  and  burnt  by  the  Bri- 
tish. (Isis.) 
Escaped,  afterwards  sunk.     (Edgar.) 

Taken  and  burnt  by  the  British.  (Ed- 
gar and  Ardent.) 

j  Caught  fire,  and  blew  up  after  the  action. 
I      (Glatton.) 

Escaped.     (Glatton.) 

Ditto  ;  afterwards  sunk.     (Elephant.) 
Driven  under  the  Trekroner  battery,  and 
taken,  afterwards  burnt.     (Elephant.) 

Taken,  and  burnt.     (Ganges.) 

Ditto  ;  carried  away.     (Monarch.) 
Ditto  ;  burnt.     (Monarch.) 

{Escaped.  (The  whole  were  flanked  by 
Defiance,  Amazon,  Blanche,  Alcmene, 
and  Dart.) 


After  despatching  to  England  tiie  Monarch,  Isis,  and 
Holstein  prize,  the  fleet  quitted  Copenhagen  on  the  12  th  of 
April,  and  taking  out  their  guns,  which  were  put  on  board 
merchant  ships,  all,  except  the  St.  George,  entered  the 
Baltic  through  the  channel  of  the  Grounds,  to  the  great 
astonishment  of  the  Swedes.  Learning  that  a  Swedish 
squadron  of  nine  sail  of  the  line  was  at  sea,  Sir  Hyde  Parker 
steered  for  the  northern  extremity  of  the  island  of  Born- 
holm  ;  but  the  Swedish  admiral  took  refuge  under  the  forts 
of  Carlscrona.     Here  a  negotiation  was  opened,  which  ended 


1801.]  ANECDOTE    OF   NELSON.  37 

on  the  22nd  by  his  Swedish  majesty  s  agreeing  to  treat  for 
all  existing  differences.1 

On  the  23rd,  a  lugger  joined  the  fleet  from  the  Russian 
ambassador  at  Copenhagen,  containing  pacific  overtures, 
also,  from  Alexander  the  First,  who  by  the  death  of  Czar 
Paul  had  succeeded  to  the  imperial  crown.  The  thanks  of 
both  houses  of  parliament  were  voted  to  the  admirals,  cap- 
tains, officers,  seamen,  and  marines,  under  the  command  of 
Sir  Hyde  Parker  ;  but  the  only  mark  of  royal  approbation 
bestowed  upon  those  actively  engaged,  was  the  investment 
of  Rear- Admiral  Graves  with  the  order  of  the  Bath.  Com- 
manders Devonshire,  Brisbane,  and  Birchall  were  posted, 
and  the  following  senior  lieutenants  of  the  ships  engaged 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander  : — Samuel  Bateman 
(Russell),  David  Mudie  (Defiauce),  Andrew  Mott  (Ardent), 
John  Yelland  (Monarch),  Robert  Tinklar  (Isis),  Robert 
Brown  Tom  (Glatton),  Edward  Hodden  (Polyphemus),  John 
Delafons  (Bellona),  Joseph  Ore  Masefield  (Amazon),  William 
Morce  (Ganges),   William  Wilkinson  (Elephant),   William 

1  Mr.  Alexander  Briarly,  master  of  the  Bellona,  relates  the  following 
anecdote  of  Nelson  : — "The  St.  George,  in  which  Lord  Nelson's  flag 
was  flying,  although  ready  to  proceed  over  the  shoals,  was  delayed  by 
contrary  winds  at  Copenhagen  ;  but  intelligence  being  received  by  his 
lordship  from  the  admiral,  who  with  the  fleet  was  at  Bornholm,  that  a 
Swedish  squadron  was  at  Carlscrona,  Lord  Nelson  instantly  quitted  the 
St.  George  in  an  open  six-oared  cutter  to  join  Sir  Hyde  Parker.  "  With- 
out even  waiting  for  a  boat-cloak,"  says  Mr.  Briarly  (although  you  may 
suppose  the  weather  pretty  sharp  here  at  this  season  of  the  year,  and 
having  to  row  about  twenty-four  miles,  with  the  wind  and  current 
against  him),  he  jumped  into  the  boat,  and  ordered  me  to  go  with  him 
(I  having  been  on  board  the  St.  George,  to  remain  till  the  ship  got  over 
the  Grounds).  All  I  had  ever  seen  or  heard  of  him  could  not  half  so 
clearly  prove  to  me  the  singular  and  unbounded  zeal  of  this  truly  great 
man.  His  anxiety  in  the  boat,  for  nearly  six  hours,  lest  the  fleet  should 
have  sailed  before  he  could  get  on  board  of  one  of  them,  and  lest  we 
should  not  catch  the  Swedish  squadron,  is  beyond  conception.  I  will 
quote  some  of  his  expressions  in  his  own  words.  It  was  extremely  cold, 
and  I  wished  him  tc  put  on  a  great-coat  of  mine  which  was  in  the  boat. 
'  No  ;  I  am  not  cold  :  my  anxiety  for  my  country  will  keep  me  warm. 
Do  you  think  the  fleet  has  sailed?'     '  I  should  suppose  not,  my  lord.' 

'  If  they  have,  we  will  follow  them  in  the  boat,  by .'     The  distance 

to  Carlscrona   was    about   50    leagues.     At   midnight,    however,    Lord 
Nelson  reached  the  Elephant,  on  board  which  ship  he  rehoisted  his 


38  SPEEDY   AND    GAMO.  [1801. 

Bolton  (Arrow),   George  Langford  (Jamaica),  and  Joshua 
Johnson  (Edgar). 

On  the  3rd  of  April,  the  3G-gun  frigate  Trent,  Captain 
Sir  Edward  Hamilton,  while  lying  at  anchor  off  the  Isles  of 
Brehat,  discovered  at  daylight  a  French  cutter  and  lugger, 
with  a  ship  steering  towards  Plampoul.  The  boats  of  the 
Trent,  under  Lieutenants  George  Chaniberlayne,  Robert 
Scallon,  and  John  Bellamy,  Thomas  Hoskins,  master,  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Walter  Tait,  were  sent  in  pursuit ; 
on  seeing  which,  many  boats  put  off  from  the  shore,  and, 
assisted  by  the  lugger,  took  the  ship  in  tow.  The  French 
lugger,  as  well  as  the  boats,  were  driven  on  shore  under  the 
batteries,  and  the  ship  boarded  by  Lieutenants  Chamber- 
layne  and  Tait ;  but  the  crew  had  deserted  her.  Two 
seamen  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Tait  lost  his  right  leg. 

The  14-gun  brig  Speedy,  Commander  Lord  Cochrane, 
having  committed  great  depredations  upon  the  Spanish 
coasting  trade,  several  vessels  were  despatched  to  endeavour 
to  capture  her.  One  of  the  cruisers  sent  in  search  was  the 
Gamo,  a  large  xebeck,  mounting  twenty-two  long  12-pounders 
on  her  main-deck,  and  eight  long  8-pounders  and  two  heavy 
carronades  on  her  quarter-deck  and  forecastle,  with  a  crew 
of  upwards  of  300  men.  The  force  of  the  Speedy  was  only 
fourteen  long  4-pounders,  and  her  crew  had  been  reduced  to 
fifty-two  men.  Early  in  April,  the  Speedy  fell  in  with  this 
formidable  vessel,  and,  allured  by  the  deceptions  practised, 
was  drawn  within  hail,  when  the  force  of  the  enemy  was 
discovered.  Desirous  of  avoiding  an  engagement,  Lord 
Cochrane  ordered  Danish  colours  to  be  hoisted,  and  an 
officer  in  Danish  uniform  answered  the  hail  of  the  Spaniard; 
but  the  latter  requiring  some  further  proof  of  their  national 
character,  sent  a  boat  alongside  with  an  officer.  But  before 
the  boat  from  the  Gamo  got  fairly  alongside,  she  was  hailed, 
and  the  officer  informed  that  the  brig  had  lately  quitted  one 
of  the  Barbary  ports,  and  that  a  visit  from  the  Spanish  boat 
would  of  course  subject  the  Spanish  vessel  to  a  long  qua- 
rantine. This  was  sufficient ;  and  after  the  interchange  of 
a  few  courtesies,  the  vessels  separated. 

On  the  6th  of  May,  when  off  Barcelona,  the  Gamo  again 
hove  in  sight,  standing  towards  her ;  and  as  it  would  have 
been  difficult  to  repeat  the  deception,  and,  moreover,  as  the 


1801.]  GAMO    BOARDED.  39 

Speedy 's  officers  and  men  were  most  anxious  for  the  en- 
counter, Lord  Cochrane  determined  on  engaging.  At  9h.  a.m. 
the  two  vessels  got  within  gun-shot,  and  the  Speedy,  being 
then  to  leeward  of  the  Gamo,  tacked,  and  opened  her  fire 
upon  the  enemy.  The  Gamo  returned  the  Speedy's  fire, 
and  bearing  up,  endeavoured  to  board  her ;  but  the  inten- 
tion being  perceived,  the  Speedy  bore  up  also.  A  second 
attempt  was  also  frustrated ;  but  the  action  having  continued 
forty-five  minutes,  and  the  Speedy's  loss  becoming  heavy 
from  the  fire  of  the  Gamo,  it  was  determined  that  the 
British  crew  should  make  a  similar  attempt.  Accordingly 
the  Speedy  was  laid  alongside,  and  Lord  Cochrane  at  the 
head  of  forty  men  (the  remainder  being  disabled  by  wounds 
and  sickness),  sprang  upon  the  deck  of  the  Gamo,  on  which 
were  near  300  men.  For  about  ten  minutes  the  struggle 
was  desperate ;  but  the  valour  and  impetuosity  of  the 
British  was  irresistible,  and  the  Gamo  became  the  Speedy's 
prize.  In  the  boarding  attack,  only  one  seaman  was  killed ; 
and  Lieutenant  Richard  W.  Parker  (severely,  both  from  a 
musket-ball  and  the  sword),  the  boatswain,  and  one  seaman 
wounded ;  making,  with  the  loss  previously  sustained,  four 
seamen  killed,  and  the  two  officers  and  six  men  wounded. 
The  Gamo  had  her  commander  (Don  Francisco  de  Torris), 
the  boatswain,  and  thirteen  men  killed,  and  forty-one 
wounded.  When  Lord  Cochrane  boarded  the  Gamo,  the 
surgeon,  Mr.  James  Guthrie,  took  the  helm,  and  performed 
this  duty  in  a  very  satisfactory  manner.  The  Speedy,  with 
her  prize,  arrived  at  Port  Mahon.  This  action  earned 
for  the  Speedy's  commander  a  name  which  his  subsequent 
brilliant  services  could  hardly  enhance.  He  was  immediately 
posted,  and  Lieutenant  Parker  was  promoted  to  be  com- 
mander. A  naval  medal  commemorates  this  gallant  action. 
On  the  25th  of  May,  intelligence  having  reached  Captain 
Thomas  Rogers,  of  the  28-gun  frigate  Mercury,  that  the 
Bulldog,  late  British  bomb-vessel,  Commander  Barrington 
Dacres  (which  had  entered  the  port  of  Ancona,  ignorant 
that  the  port  was  in  possession  of  the  French),  was  then 
lying  in  the  Mole,  laden  with  supplies  for  the  army  in 
Egypt,  he  determined  to  attempt  her  capture.  At  lOh.  30m. 
p.m.,  the  boats  of  the  Mercury,  in  command  of  Lieutenant 
William  Mather,  quitted  the  frigate,  and  entering  the  har- 


40  CUTTING-OUT   EXPLOITS.  [1801. 

bour  at  midnight,  succeeded  in  gaining  complete  possession 
of  the  Bulldog,  without  having  been  hailed  by  the  French 
sentinels  on  board  or  on  shore.  The  seamen  in  the  Mer- 
cury's boats  then  cut  the  cables  of  their  prize,  loosed  her 
sails,  and  took  her  in  tow ;  but  as  the  alarm  had  by  this  time 
spread,  a  heavy  fire  of  great  guns  and  small-arms  was 
opened  from  the  mole.  A  light  air  of  wind  meanwhile 
enabled  the  Bulldog  to  get  beyond  the  reach  of  the  bat- 
teries, but  unfortunately  the  wind  soon  died  completely  away, 
and  she  drifted  with  the  current  along  shore.  A  number  of 
gun-vessels  and  boats  were  then  observed  coming  out  to  attack 
her,  and  Lieutenant  Mather  finding  it  impossible  to  avoid 
being  overpowered  if  he  held  possession  any  longer,  for  the 
Bulldog's  French  crew  were  with  difficulty  kept  under 
hatches,  determined  on  quitting  the  prize  which  his  gal- 
lantry had  won.  This  was  effected ;  the  British  loss 
amounting  to  one  seaman  and  one  marine  killed,  and  four 
seamen  wounded.  The  Bulldog  was  afterwards  retaken  by 
the  2  4 -gun  ship  Champion,  Captain  Lord  William  Stuart. 

On  the  9th  of  June,  the  Speedy,  still  under  the  com- 
mand of  Lord  Cochrane,  who  had  not  then  been  superseded, 
having  fallen  in  with  the  1 8-gun  brig  Kangaroo,  Commander 
George  C.  Pulling,  received  intelligence  of  a  Spanish  convoy, 
which  was  discovered  under  a  battery  in  Old  Castile,  pro- 
tected by  a  20-gun  xebeck,  three  gun-boats,  and  a  square 
tower,  apparently  mounting  twelve  guns.  The  two  brigs 
stood  in  (the  Speedy  leading),  and  anchored  within  half 
gun-shot  of  the  battery.  Although  reinforced  by  two  other 
gun-boats,  and  a  12 -gun  felucca,  the  fire  of  the  brigs  in  the 
course  of  a  few  hours  sank  the  xebeck  and  three  of  the  gun- 
boats, and  silenced  the  battery.  The  remaining  felucca  and 
gun-boats  still  resisting,  the  British  boats  proceeded  in-shore 
at  night  to  complete  the  business,  under  the  orders  of  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  Foulerton,  of  the  Kangaroo,  and  Benjamin 
Warburton,  of  the  Speedy,  assisted  by  the  Hon.  M.  A.  Coch- 
rane, William  Dean,  and  Thomas  Taylor,  midshipmen.  The 
boats  succeeded  in  bringing  out  three  brigs  laden  with  wine, 
and  on  their  return  Lord  Cochrane  took  the  command,  and 
proceeded  a  second  time  on  this  service,  but  found  the 
remainder  either  scuttled  or  driven  on  shore.  The  ammu- 
nition of  the  brigs  failing,  they  were  unable  to  level  the 


1801.]  BATTLE   IX   ALGESIRAS   BAY.  41 

battery,  as  they  otherwise  would  have  done.  The  loss  con- 
sisted of  Thomas  Taylor  killed,  and  Lieutenants  Foulerton 
and  Thomas  Brown  Thompson,  and  seven  seamen  wounded. 

On  the  23rd  of  June,  Lieutenant  Mather,  in  the  Mer- 
cury's boats,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  of  marines  James  Wil- 
son, and  by  the  boats  of  the  brig  El  Corso,  Commander 
William  Eicketts,  captured  a  piratical  tartan,  which  had 
taken  refuge  among  the  small  islands  of  Tremiti,  in  the 
Gulf  of  Venice,  and  dispersed  the  pirates. 

On  the  24th  of  June,  the  British  74-gun  ship  Swiftsure, 
Captain  Benjamin  Hallo  well,  was  captured  by  a  division  of 
the  Toulon  fleet  under  M.  Ganteaume,  after  making  every 
possible  effort  to  escape,  and  having  two  men  killed,  and 
Lieutenant  Lewis  Davis  and  seven  men  wounded.  The 
Swiftsure  was  carried  into  Toulon. 

On  the  13th  of  June,  Rear- Admiral  Linois,  with  the 
80-gun  ships  Indomptable  and  Formidable,  74-gun  ship 
Desaix,  and  38-gun  frigate  Muiron,  put  to  sea  from  Toulon, 
bound  to  Cadiz,  intending  to  join  a  French  squadron  of  six 
sail  of  the  line;  but,  delayed  by  adverse  winds,  did  not 
arrive  in  sight  of  Gibraltar  until  the  1st  of  July.  On  the 
3rd,  the  Speedy,  Captain  Lord  Cochrane,  was  fallen  in  with, 
and  after  a  long  and  skilfully-conducted  retreat,  captured. 
Having  learned  that  Cadiz  was  blockaded  by  a  superior  force, 
Linois  bore  up  for  Algesiras ;  and  at  5h.  p.m.  on  the  4th, 
anchored  in  front  of  the  town.  The  British  squadron  off 
Cadiz  at  this  time  consisted  of — 

Guns.  Ships. 

80     Ctesar  .  j  Rear-A(lm.  Sir  Jas.  Saumarez  (blue) 

\  Captain  Jahleel  Brenton 
Charles  Sterling 
Henry  D'Esterre  Darby 
Samuel  Hood 
Eichard  Goodwin  Keats 
Solomon  Ferri§ 
Shuldham  Peard 
Askew  Paffard  Hollis 
Brig  Pasley  ;  and  hired  armed  lugger  Plymouth,  Lieut.  Eobert  Elliot. 

On  the  5th  of  July,  at  2h.  a.m.,  Lieutenant  Richard 
Janvrin,  who  had  been  despatched  for  that  purpose  in  a 
boat  from  Gibraltar,  by  Captain  G.  H.  L.  Dundas,  of  the 
Calpe,  arrived  on  board  the  Caesar  with  intelligence  of  the 


'  Pompee  . 
Spencer  . 
Venerable 
Superb .  .  . 
Hannibal . 
„  Audacious 
Frigate     Thames 


74 


42  ACTION   IN  ALGESIRAS   BAY.  [1801. 

arrival  of  the  French  squadron  at  Algesiras.  Sir  James 
Saumarez,  after  despatching  the  Pasley  to  recall  the  Superb, 
employed  blockading  the  river  Guadalquivir,  immediately 
proceeded  in  search  of  the  enemy. 

The  wind  being  very  light  on  the  6th,  the  admiral  was 
drifted  out  of  sight  of  the  Superb,  Thames,  and  Pasley; 
and  at  4h.  A.M.,  on  the  7th,  the  squadron  was  standing 
into  Algesiras  Roads,  in  the  following  order  : — Venerable, 
Pompee,  Audacious,  Caesar,  Spencer,  and  Hannibal.  At  7h., 
the  Venerable  having  rounded  Cabrita  Point,  descried  the 
enemy's  squadron,  and  a  signal  was  then  made  from  the 
Caesar,  directing  the  ships  to  engage  the  enemy  as  they  ar- 
rived up.  Linois  had  moored  his  ships  in  line  ahead  thus  : — 
Formidable,  abreast  the  battery  of  San  Jago  ;  mounting  five 
long  18-pounders;  Desaix,  about  500  yards  astern,  and 
Indomptable,  about  the  same  distance  from  the  latter  ship. 
The  Muiron  was  a  little  within  the  Isle  of  Verda ;  three 
gun-boats  were  anchored  to  the  south-west  of  that  island, 
four  others  between  Fort  San  Jago  and  the  Formidable,  and 
seven  off  a  point  of  land  about  half  a  mile  to  the  northward 
of  the  tower  of  Almirante. 

At  7h.  50m.,  the  battery  on  Cabrita  Point  fired  at  the 
Pompee,  then  running  in  with  a  fine  breeze,  while  the 
Venerable,  from  the  partiality  of  the  wind,  lay  becalmed  at 
some  distance  on  her  starboard  bow.  The  Venerable  was 
also  passed  by  the  Audacious ;  but  the  Caesar,  and  two 
remaining  ships,  were  a  long  distance  astern,  striving  hard 
to  get  up.  At  8h.  30m.,  the  Muiron  opened  her  fire  on  the 
Pompee,  as  did  the  other  ships  successively ;  and  as  it  was 
by  this  time  nearly  calm,  the  Pompee,  after  firing  her 
broadside  at  the  enemy's  ships  as  she  passed,  anchored  at 
8h.  45m.  close  on  the  Formidable's  starboard  bow ;  but  the 
latter,  soon  afterwards  slipping  her  outer  cable,  hauled 
further  towards  the  shore.  A  little  before  9h.,  the  Au- 
dacious, and  shortly  after,  the  Venerable,  dropped  their 
anchors ;  the  first,  from  the  baffling  winds,  being  abreast, 
but  much  further  from  the  Indomptable  than  the  captain 
intended,  and  the  second,  at  a  still  greater  distance  on  the 
quarter  of  the  Formidable.  The  engagement  now  com- 
menced, and  was  maintained  with  great  fury  between  the 
four  French  ships  (materially  assisted  by  the  gun-boats  and 


1801.]  ACTION   IN   ALGESIRAS   BAY.  43 

batteries)  and  the  three  British  ships,  which  had  reached 
the  anchorage.  In  about  half  an  hour  the  Ponipee,  owing 
to  the  strength  of  the  current— others  say  from  a  slant  of 
wind — canted  with  her  bow  towards  the  broadside  of  the 
Formidable,  and  while  in  this  position  suffered  much.  At 
9h.  lorn.,  the  Caesar  anchored  ahead  of  the  Audacious, 
and  opened  her  broadside  upon  the  Desaix,  and  the  Han- 
nibal, in  a  few  minutes  afterwards,  anchored  within  hail  of 
the  Caesar,  and  on  her  starboard  bow.  The  Spencer  was 
so  far  to  leeward,  that  she  could  only  get  within  reach 
of  the  Spanish  batteries,  from  which  hot  shot  and  shells 
were  fired. 

At  10h.,  Captain  Ferris  having  been  hailed  and  ordered 
to  proceed  in-shore  and  rake  the  Formidable,  the  Hannibal's 
cable  was  cut,  and  all  sail  made  accordingly,  and  having 
stood  to  the  northward  until  she  could  fetch  the  Formidable, 
the  Hannibal  tacked,  and,  about  llh.  a.m.,  as  she  was  in  the 
act  of  hauling  up  to  cross  the  hawse  of  the  French  ship, 
unfortunately  took  the  ground.  A  signal  was  instantly 
made  to  the  admiral,  and  boats  were  despatched  to  her 
assistance ;  but  Captain  Ferris,  finding  all  exertion  to  get 
the  ship  off  unavailing,  sent  them  away  again.  A  light 
breeze  about  this  time  springing  up  from  the  north-east, 
Linois  made  the  signal  for  his  ships  to  cut  and  run  ashore. 
The  Formidable  cut,  but  brought  up  again  with  her  larboard 
broadside  to  the  enemy.  The  Desaix  grounded  upon  a  shoal 
facing  the  town,  and  the  Indomptable  upon  one  to  the 
north-east  of  the  Isle  of  Verda,  with  her  larboard  bow 
towards  the  sea. 

Sir  James  Saumarez  ordered  his  ships  to  follow  the 
French  admiral's  example,  and  the  Caesar  immediately  cut, 
and  wearing  round,  hove  to  and  brought  her  broadside  to 
bear  upon  the  bows  of  the  Indomptable,  and  about  noon 
shot  away  her  fore-topmast.  The  Caesar  then  let  go  her 
anchor,  and  was  soon  joined  by  the  Audacious.  The 
Venerable  and  Spencer,  in  spite  of  every  exertion,  were 
prevented  by  the  variable  winds  and  calms  from  getting 
near  enough  to  attack  the  other  French  ships  and  the 
battery  on  the  Island  of  Verda ;  and  the  Pompee,  after 
remaining  an  hour  without  being  able  to  take  any  part  in 
the  second  attack,  her  captain  waiting  for  orders,  was  at 


44  SURRENDER   OF   THE   HANNIBAL.  [1801, 

length  recalled,  and,  cutting  her  cables,  was  towed  out  of 
the  bay  by  her  boats.  The  Audacious  and  Csesar,1  having 
drifted  near  the  island  batteiy,  were  much  cut  up  by  it, 
and,  at  lh.  30m.  p.m.,  a  light  air  coming  off  the  land,  the 
Csesar  and  Audacious,  Venerable  and  Spencer,  made  sail  on 
the  starboard  tack,  leaving  the  dismasted  and  shattered 
Hannibal  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  At  2h.  p.m.  the 
Hannibal's  colours  were  hauled  down,  and  presently  re- 
hoisted  with  the  Union  down  wards,  which  induced  Captain 
Dundas,  of  the  Calpe,  which  had  approached  from  Gibraltar, 
to  send  his  boats  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Thomas 
Sykes  to  her  assistance,  but  they  were  detained  by  the 
French,  who  by  tins  time  had  gained  possession  of  the 
British  ship. 

The  following  diagram  may  probably  make  the  affair 
clearer. 

1  "  When  in  the  hottest  part  of  the  action,  the  Csesar  broke  her  sheer, 
and  could  not  get  her  guns  to  bear,  when  the  captain  ordered  a  cutter  to 
be  lowered  down  to  convey  a  warp  to  the  Audacious,  but  the  boat  was 
found  to  be  knocked  to  pieces.  Before  other  means  could  be  resorted 
to,  Michael  Collins,  a  young  sailor  belonging  to  the  mizen-top,  seized 
the  end  of  a  leaddine,  and  exclaiming  '  You  shall  soon  have  a  warp,' 
darted  from  the  taffrail  and  swam  with  the  line  to  the  Audacious,  where 
it  was  received,  and  by  means  of  it  a  hawser  run  out." — Brenton. 


1801.] 


KILLED    AND   WOUNDED. 


45 


TftPREDEL  VGUNI3UATS 

ALMJKANTO       [J  \      f   \     \ 


EAT 

SARJACO. 


I    f  SPANISH  GUN  BOATS 


The  British  loss  was  as  follows  : — Caesar  :  William  Grave, 
master,  six  seamen,  and  two  marines,  killed  ;  G.  W.  Forster, 
boatswain,  eighteen  seamen,  and  six  marines,  wounded  ;  and 
Richard  Best,  mate,  and  seven  seamen  missing,  pro- 
bably drowned.  Pompee  :  Robert  Roxburgh,  master,  Mid- 
shipman —  Steward,  ten  seamen,  and  three  marines,  killed ; 
and  Lieutenants  Richard  Cheeseman,  Arthur  Stapledon,  and 
Thomas  Innes,  Curry  and  Hillier,  master's  mates,  J.  Hib- 
berd,  midshipman,  fifty-three  seamen,  and  ten  marines, 
wounded.  Spencer  :  —  Robert  Spencer,  volunteer,  and  five 
seamen,  killed;  and  Joseph  Chatterton,  midshipman,  tweDty- 
three  seamen,  and  three  marines,  wounded.  Venerable : 
William  Gibbons,  midshipman,    and  seven  seamen,  killed  ; 


46  JUNCTION   OF   A   SPANISH    SQUADRON.  [1801. 

and  Silvester  Austen  and  Martin  Collins,  midshipmen, 
twenty  seamen,  and  three  marines,  wounded.  Hannibal  : 
Lieutenant  of  marines  James  D.  Williams,  David  Lindsey, 
captain's  clerk,  and  sixty-eight  seamen,  and  five  marines, 
killed ;  and  Lieutenant  John  Turner,  John  Wood,  master, 
Lieutenant  of  marines  George  Durnford,  William  Dudgeon, 
midshipman,  forty-four  seamen,  and  fourteen  marines, 
wounded ;  and  six  seamen  missing,  who  probably  fell  over- 
board with  the  masts.  Audacious  :  eight  seamen  killed  ; 
and  Lieutenant  of  marines  B.  J.  W.  Day,  and  twenty-five 
seamen,  and  six  marines,  wounded ;  total,  121  killed,  240 
wounded,  fourteen  missing.  The  Caesar  and  Pompee  —  par- 
ticularly the  latter — received  much  damage  in  masts,  sails, 
and  rigging  ;  and  the  Venerable  lost  her  mizen-topmast,  but 
the  other  ships  did  not  materially  suffer  in  that  respect. 
The  French  loss  amounted  to  306  killed,  including  Cap- 
tains Moncousu  and  Lalonde,  and  about  the  same  number 
wounded. 

Linois,  having  got  his  ships  afloat,  applied  to  Admirals 
Dumanoir  and  Masseredo,  at  Cadiz,  to  send  a  squadron  to  his 
relief ;  and  on  the  8th,  Yice- Admiral  Joachim  de  Moreno, 
with  six  sail  of  the  line  and  some  frigates,  was  ordered  to 
repair  to  the  outer  road,  to  be  ready  for  a  start  with  the 
land  wind  on  the  next  morning.  This  movement  was  how- 
ever observed  by  that  vigilant  officer  Captain  Keats,  who, 
in  the  Superb,  with  the  Thames  and  Pasley,  continued  watch- 
ing the  port. 

On  the  9th,  at  daylight,  the  Spanish  squadron  put  to  sea 
from  Cadiz,  and,  preceded  by  the  Superb,  Thames,  and  Pasley, 
steered  towards  the  Straits.  In  the  afternoon  of  the  same 
day,  the  Pasley  stood  into  Gibraltar  with  the  signal  flying 
for  an  enemy ;  and,  at  3h.  p.m.,  as  the  Spanish  squadron 
hauled  round  Cabrita  Point,  the  Superb  and  Thames  anchored 
in  the  bay.  The  Spanish  squadron  soon  afterwards  anchored 
in  Algesiras  Bay. 

Immediately  all  was  bustle  on  board  the  ships  at  Gibraltar, 
and  nothing  could  surpass  the  exertions  of  the  British  officers 
and  men  to  get  their  ships  refitted.  The  Pompee  being 
found  in  too  bad  a  state  to  be  got  ready  in  time,  her  men 
were  turned  over  to  assist  in  refitting  the  other  ships  ;  and 
Sir  James  Saumarez,   on  the  supposition  that  the  Caesar's 


1801.]  EXTRAORDINARY   DESPATCH.  47 

damages  were  so  great  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  get  her 
ready  without  great  delay,  shifted  his  flag  to  the  Audacious ; 
but  the  crew,  anxious  to  share  in  the  expected  fight,  declared 
their  willingness  to  work  night  and  day  until  the  ship  was 
ready.  At  this  time  her  lower  masts  were  out ;  but  by 
working  all  hands  during  day,  and  watch  and  watch  at  night, 
the  Caesar  was  warped  into  the  mole,  and  on  the  10th  got  in 
her  lower  masts.  On  the  11th  preparations  for  sailing  were 
observed  among  the  ships  of  the  enemy,  and  on  Sunday,  the 
12th,  at  daybreak,  they  loosed  sails  while  the  Caesar  was  still 
refitting  in  the  mole,  at  the  same  time  receiving  shot,  powder, 
and  stores,  and  making  preparations  to  haul  out.  At  noon 
the  enemy  began  to  move  with  the  wind  fresh  from  the  east- 
ward, and  at  one  they  were  all  underweigh,  and  the  two 
Spanish  three-deckers  off  Cabrita  Point. 

"  The  day  was  clear,"  says  Captain  Brenton  ;  "  the  whole 
population  of  the  rock  seemed  to  be  in  motion  ;  the  line  wall, 
mole-head,  and  batteries  were  crowded;  and  the  Caesar 
warped  out  while  her  band  was  playing,  '  Come,  cheer  up, 
my  lads,  'tis  to  glory  we  steer,'  the  music  of  the  garrison 
answering  with  '  Britons  strike  home.'  The  scene  was 
animating  beyond  description  ;  and  the  enthusiasm  was  so 
great  among  the  seamen,  that  even  the  wounded  men  desired 
to  be  taken  on  board  their  ships  to  share  in  the  honours  of 
the  approaching  conflict." 

At  3h.  p.m.,  just  as  the  Caesar,  in  her  way  out  of  the  mole, 
had  passed  the  stern  of  the  Audacious,  the  flag  of  Sir  James 
Saumarez  was  rehoisted,  and  the  signal  made  for  the  squadron 
to  weigh  and  to  prepare  for  battle.  Having  cleared  the  rock, 
the  squadron  formed  a  line  ahead  on  the  larboard  tack,  with 
the  wind  easterly,  the  Caesar  leading,  followed  by  the 
Venerable,  Superb,  Spencer,  and  Audacious,  of  the  line,  and 
32-gim  frigate  Thames,  Captain  Askew  Paffard  Hollis,  and 
polacre  sloop  Calpe,  Captain  the  Hon.  George  H.  L.  Dundas, 
brig  Louisa,  Captain  Crawford  Duncan,  and  Portuguese 
frigate  Carlotta.  At  7h.  the  ships  wore  together,  and  stood 
on  the  starboard  tack  under  easy  sail. 

About  7h.  50m.  the  combined  squadron  cleared  Cabrita 
Point,  with  the  exception  of  the  Hannibal,  which  ship  was 
jury-rigged  (having  topmasts  for  lower  masts),  but,  although 
taken  in  tow  by  the  Indienne  frigate,  was  eventually  obliged 


48  SUPEKB   AND    SPANISH   THREE-DECKERS.  [1801. 

to  return  to  Algesiras.     Their  squadron  then  consisted  of 
the  following  : — 


FRENCH. 
Guns.  Ships. 

oq  j  Formidable 

(  Indomptable 
„  <  j  Saint  Antoine 
'*  j  Desaix 
Frigates  Libre  and  Muiron 
Lugger    Vantour 


SPANISH. 
Guns.  Ships. 

, ,  9  j  Real  Carlos 
(  Hermenegildo 
96     San  Fernando 
80     Argonauta 
74     San  Augustin 
Frigate  Sabina 


Admiral  Moreno's  flag  was  flying  on  board  the  Sabina,  on 
board  which  frigate  Rear-Admiral  Linois  also  repaired. 

Soon  after  8h.  p.m.  the  British  squadron  bore  away  in 
chase,  and  at  8h.  40m.  Captain  Keats,  having  obtained  leave 
to  attack  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  crowded  all  sail.  The 
Superb  being  an  exceedingly  fine,  fast-sailing  ship,  and  the 
breeze  having  freshened,  had  gained  at  llh.  three  or  four 
miles  upon  the  Caesar,  and  was  out  of  sight  of  the  rest  of  the 
squadron.  At  llh.  20m.  Captain  Keats  observed  the  Real 
Carlos  about  one  point  before  the  larboard  beam,  and  another 
three-decker,  the  Hermenegildo,  and  the  Saint  Antoine, nearly 
abreast  of  the  Real  Carlos,  on  the  larboard  beam.  The 
Superb  immediately  shortened  sail,  and  luffing  up,  ranged 
close  alongside  the  Real  Carlos,  into  which  she  commenced 
firing  her  larboard  guns.  At  the  third  broadside  the  enemy's 
fore-topmast  was  shot  away,  and  she  was  observed  to  be  on 
fire.  Captain  Keats  then  ordered  the  firing  to  cease,  and 
suffered  the  Spanish  ship,  by  this  time  in  evident  confusion, 
and  firing  her  guns  at  random,  to  make  sail  before  the  wind. 
The  destruction  of  this  ship  being  inevitable,  the  Superb 
proceeded  in  chase  of  the  Saint  Antoine,  which  at  a  little 
before  midnight  she  closed  with  and  spiritedly  engaged. 
After  an  action  of  about  thirty  minutes'  duration,  in  the 
course  of  which  both  ships  hauled  to  the  wind,  the  Saint 
Antoine  ceased  firing,  and  hailed  to  say  she  had  surrendered. 
At  a  little  past  midnight  the  Hermenegildo,  having  also  bore 
up,  taking  the  Real  Carlos  for  an  enemy,  fired  into  her, 
although  the  latter  was  in  flames  fore  and  aft ;  and  the  two 
ships  getting  foul,  the  Hermenegildo  also  took  fire,  and  both 
in  a  short  time  blew  up  with  all  on  board.  Out  of  near 
2,000  men,  two  officers  and  thirty-six  men  were  saved  in  a 
boat  which  came  alongside  the  Superb,  and  a  few  others 


1$01.]  PURSUIT   OF   THE   FORMIDABLE.  49 

reached  ships  of  their  own  squadron,  but  the  remainder 
perished. 

Just  as  the  Saint  Antoine  had  struck  to  the  Superb,  the 
Caesar  and  Venerable  arrived  up,  and,  as  the  broad  pendant 
of  the  French  ship  still  remained  at  the  masthead,  the  hal- 
yards being  shot  away,  the  two  ships  fired  into  her ;  but 
finding  she  had  already  struck,  they  made  sail  ahead.  The 
Superb,  with  the  Calpe,  remained  to  remove  the  prisoners 
and  seeure  the  prize  ;  while  the  Caesar  and  Spencer  made 
sail  after  the  Formidable,  then  at  some  distance  to  the  west- 
ward, standing  towards  the  shoals  of  Conil. 

All  sail  was  made  by  the  Caesar  and  her  three  consorts, 
Venerable,  Spencer,  and  Thames  ;  and  as  the  Formidable 
was  under  jury-topmasts,  the  Venerable  and  Thames  over- 
hauled her  very  fast  ;  and  at  5h.  a.m.  on  the  13th,  the 
French  ship  hoisted  her  colours,  and  fired  her  stern-chasers 
upon  her  pursuers.  At  5h.  10m.  the  Venerable  got  within 
musket-shot  of  the  Formidable  ;  and  at  5h.  30m.  the 
Venerable's  mizen-topmast  was  shot  away.  At  5h.  45m. 
the  Thames  hauled  up  under  the  stern  of  the  Formidable, 
and  raked  her,  receiving  in  return  an  ineffectual  fire  from 
the  stern-chasers  of  the  latter.  The  Venerable  and  For- 
midable continued  to  engage  within  hail ;  but,  at  6h.  45m., 
the  mainmast  of  the  Venerable  went  by  the  board,  and  she 
dropped  astern.  The  Formidable  continued  to  stand  on  to 
the  northward,  in  the  hope  of  reaching  Cadiz,  keeping  up  for 
some  time  a  very  galling  fire  upon  the  Venerable  from  her 
stern  guns.  At  7h.  50m.  the  Venerable's  foremast  went 
over  the  side  ;  and  "at  about  the  same  time  she  struck  on  a 
reef  of  rocks  off  San  Pedro,  distant  about  twelve  miles  from 
Cadiz.  At  8h.  her  mizenmast  fell ;  soon  afterwards  a  boat 
from  the  Caesar  came  alongside  with  Captain  Brenton,  who 
brought  discretionary  orders  to  Captain  Hood  to  destroy  his 
ship  in  case  of  an  attack — apparently  then  meditated — from 
the  combined  squadron,  and  the  Thames  was  ordered  to 
remain  by  her  to  receive  her  crew  ;  but  the  Audacious  and 
Superb  appearing  to  the  southward,  induced  the  enemy  to 
forego  any  such  intention,  and  to  enter  Cadiz. 

The  Venerable  and  Superb  were,  as  we  have  seen,  the  only 
two  British  ships,  except  the  Thames  frigate,  which  were 
engaged.     The  former  had  her  master,  John  Williams,  fifteen 

VOL.  II.  E 


50  CUTTING   OUT   THE    CHEVRETTE.  [1801. 

seamen,  and  two  marines,  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Thomas 
Church,  John  Snell,  boatswain,  George  Hessey  and  Charles 
Pardoe,  midshipmen,  seventy-three  seamen,  and  ten  marines, 
wounded.  On  board  the  Superb,  Lieutenant  Edmund 
Waller  (lost  a  leg),  and  fourteen  seamen  and  marines,  were 
badly  wounded.  At  2h.  p.m.  the  Venerable,  by  the  assistance 
of  the  boats  of  the  squadron,  was  hove  off,  and  the  Thames 
took  her  in  tow.  She  eventually  got  into  Gibraltar,  and  in 
a  few  days  was  again  equipped,  and  ready  for  sea. 

The  captains,  officers,  and  crews  of  the  squadron  received 
the  thanks  of  Parliament.  Sir  James  Saumarez  was  created 
a  knight  of  the  Bath,  and  had  a  pension  of  £1,200  per 
annum  conferred  upon  him  •  and  Lieutenants  Philip  Duma- 
resq,  of  the  Caesar  ;  Samuel  Jackson,  of  the  Superb  ;  and 
James  Lillicrap,  of  the  "Venerable,  being  the  seniors,  were 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander.  The  meritorious  con- 
duct of  Captain  Keats  gained  for  him  no  especial  mark  of 
favour  ;  neither  was  he  prominently  named  in  the  public 
letter  of  Sir  James  Saumarez.  The  Saint  Antoine  was  an 
old  ship,  and,  although  added  to  the  list  of  the  British  navy, 
never  quitted  Portsmouth  after  her  arrival. 

In  the  early  part  of  July,  while  the  frigates  Doris,  Beau- 
lieu,  and  Uranie,  Captains  Charles  Brisbane,  Stephen  Poyntz, 
and  William  Hall  Gage,  were  lying  at  anchor  about  three 
miles  to  the  southward  of  Point  St.  Matthew,  watching 
Brest  harbour,  the  French  20-gun  corvette  Chevrette  was 
observed  at  anchor  under  the  batteries  in  Camaret  Bay. 
The  French  deemed  their  position  perfectly  secure  ;  but  the 
British,  holding  a  contrary  opinion,  determined  to  cut  her 
out ;  and  on  the  20th,  the  boats  of  the  Beaulieu  and  Doris 
(the  Uranie  having  parted  company),  manned  by  volunteers, 
and  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Woodley  Losack,  of 
the  Yille  de  Paris,  sent  by  Admiral  Cornwallis  purposely 
for  this  service,  proceeded  on  the  enterprise.  The  boats  not 
pulling  alike,  and  the  headmost  being  over-anxious  to  near 
the  object,  separated ;  one  division  returning  to  the  ship, 
while  the  other  reached  the  entrance  of  Camaret  Bay,  where 
the  boats  remained  until  daylight,  expecting  to  be  joined  by 
their  companions.  They  were,  therefore,  discovered  by  the 
corvette ;  and  the  latter,  being  thus  made  acquainted  with 
the  intention  of  the  British,  set  about  making  preparations. 


//  r 


1801.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE   CHEVRETTE.  51 

The  Chevrette  was  observed  to  get  underway  and  proceed 
a  mile  nearer  the  harbour,  where  she  was  moored  close 
under  the  guns  of  some  heavy  batteries.  In  addition  to 
this  precaution,  she  embarked  a  body  of  soldiers,  which 
augmented  her  crew  to  339  men.  Temporary  redoubts 
were  thrown  up  upon  every  eligible  point  of  land,  and  a 
guard-boat,  with  two  36-pounders,  was  stationed  in  advance, 
to  give  notice  of  an  enemy's  approach.  The  Chevrette,  as  a 
signal  of  defiance,  then  displayed  a  large  French  ensign  over 
an  English  one. 

About  9h.  30m.  p.m.,  on  the  21st  of  July,  the  boats  of 
the  three  frigates  (the  Uranie  having  rejoined),  to  which 
were  added  two  boats  from  the  74-gun  ship  Bobust,  num- 
bering in  all  fifteen,  containing  280  men  and  officers,  under 
the  command,  as  before,  of  Lieutenant  Losack,  assembled 
alongside  the  Beaulieu,  and  proceeded  a  second  time  on  this 
service.  But,  soon  after  they  had  put  off,  a  boat  was  seen 
near  the  shore,  which  was  supposed  to  be  a  look-out  boat, 
and  Lieutenant  Losack,  desirous  of  securing  her,  proceeded 
in  chase  with  his  own  and  five  other  boats.  The  remainder 
waited  some  time  for  the  return  of  Lieutenant  Losack ;  but 
as  he  did  not  rejoin,  Lieutenant  Keith  Maxwell,  of  the 
Beaulieu,  the  next  senior  officer,  bearing  in  mind  that  they 
had  six  miles  to  pull,  and  that  the  night  was  already  far 
advanced,  determined  to  proceed  with  the  boats  then  with 
him,  in  which  he  had  about  180  officers  and  men.  Having 
signified  his  intention,  and  appointed  to  the  different  officers 
and  men  their  several  duties — ordering  some  to  fight  their 
way  aloft  and  loose  the  sails,  a  quarter-master  to  take  the 
helm,  others  to  cut  the  cables,  and  providing  for  every 
exigency  which  could  possibly  arise — the  nine  boats  hastened 
to  the  attack. 

At  lh.  a.m.  on  the  22nd,  the  boats  arrived  in  sight  of  the 
Chevrette,  which,  after  hailing,  opened  a  heavy  fire  of  grape 
and  musketry,  and  her  firing  was  immediately  followed  by 
volleys  from  the  shore  ;  but  the  boats  gallantly  dashed  on. 
The  Beaulieu's  boats,  under  Lieutenant  Maxwell,  with 
Lieutenants  James  Pasley  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  James 
Sinclair,  boarded  on  the  starboard  bow  and  quarter;  and 
the  Uranie's,  under  Lieutenant  Martin  Neville,  one  from 
the   Kobust,  under  Midshipman  Bobert  Warren,  and  one 

e2 


52  CUTTING    OUT   THE    CHEVRETTE.  [1801. 

from  the  Doris,  under  Lieutenant  "Walter  Burke,  on  the 
larboard  bow.  They  were  gallantly  resisted  by  the  French- 
men, armed  with  muskets,  pistols,  sabres,  tomahawks,  and 
pikes,  who  in  their  turn  boarded  the  boats.  The  assailants, 
armed  with  cutlasses  only,  overcame  this  formidable  oppo- 
sition, and  at  length  gained  a  footing  on  the  corvette's  deck. 
This  being  obtained,  the  topmen  fought  their  way  aloft  ; 
and  although  several  were  killed  and  others  wounded  in  the 
attempt,  the  daring  fellows  carried  their  point.  Laying  out 
on  the  yards  of  the  corvette,  notwithstanding  the  foot-ropes 
were  cut  or  stopped  up,  and  everything  done  to  impede  the 
execution  of  then  object,  in  less  than  three  minutes  after 
the  ship  was  boarded  her  three  topsails  and  courses  were 
let  fall.  In  the  meau  time  the  cable  had  been  cut.  and 
Henry  Wallis,  the  quarter-master  of  the  Beaulieu,  appointed 
to  this  duty,  having  taken  the  helm,  the  Chevrette  was 
drifting  out  of  the  bay  before  a  light  breeze.  Many  of  the 
Frenchmen,  perceiving  the  corvette  linger  sail,  ran  below, 
others  jumped  overboard  ;  and  although  only  live  minutes 
had  elapsed,  the  British  had  gained  entire  possession  of  the 
upper  deck,  and  those  who  had  lied  below  were  soon  com- 
pelled to  surrender.  In  her  course  out.  the  Chevrette  was 
exposed  to  a  continual  lire  of  round  and  grape  from  the 
batteries ;  but  the  breeze  freshening,  she  was  soon  out  of 
their  range.  Just  at  this  time  Lieutenant  Losack  and  his 
division  arrived  up.  and  took  command  of  the  prize  which 
Lieutenant  Maxwell  and  his  intrepid  band  had  so  nobly 
won. 

The  British  loss,  considering  the  fearful  odds  against 
which  they  had  contended,  was  very  slight.  Lieutenant  of 
marines  James  Sinclair,  Robert  Warren,  midshipman,  seven 
seamen,  and  two  marines,  were  killed ;  and  Lieutenants 
Martin  Neville  and  Walter  Burke  (the  latter  mortally), 
William  Phillips,  master's  mate.  Edward  Crofton,  Edward 
Byrn.  and  Robert  Finnis,  midshipmen,  and  forty-two  sea- 
men and  nine  marines,  wounded  :  and  one  marine  drowned 
in  the  barge  of  the  Beaulieu.  which  was  sunk  by  the  shot  of 
the  enemy  :  total,  eleven  killed,  fifty-seven  wounded,  and 
one  drowned.  The  Chevrette's  loss  amounted  to  her  captain, 
six  officers,  and  eighty-live  seamen  and  soldiers  killed  ;  and 
live  officers  and  fifty-seven  seamen  wounded  :  total,  ninety- 


1801.]  HENRY    WALLIS.  53 

two  killed  and  sixty-two  wounded.  The  cutting  out  of  the 
Chevrette  was  a  deed  bordering  on  rashness  ;  and  yet,  where 
the  honour  of  the  British  flag  was  concerned,  and  the 
courage  of  British  sailors  taunted,  the  abandonment  of  the 
attempt  would  have  been  attended  with  consequences  of  the 
utmost  importance  to  both.  It  was  to  be  put  to  the  test 
what  degree  of  security  was  proof  against  British  valour ; 
and  the  result  was  most  glorious.  The  capture  of  the 
Chevrette,  therefore,  may  be  pointed  at  with  pride  by  every 
British  sailor,  as  a  proof  of  what  has  been  done  ;  and  at  the 
same  time  he  will  remember,  that  that  which  has  been  once 
effected  may  be  repeated.  We  must  not,  however,  omit 
paying  a  just  tribute  in  particular  to  one  of  the  many  gallant 
tars  engaged  in  this  perilous  undertaking — Henry  Wallis, 
who  took  the  helm  of  the  Chevrette.  This  fine  seaman 
fought  his  way  through  numerous  foes  to  the  station  to 
which  he  had  been  appointed  ;  and,  although  bleeding  from 
many  and  severe  wounds,  he  remained  at  his  post,  and 
steered  the  corvette  until  she  was  beyond  the  reach  of  the 
batteries.  "  Henry  Wallis,"  says  the  author  of  the  narrative 
in  the  Naval  Chronicle,  from  which  the  foregoing  has  been 
collected,  "  had  been  seven  years  in  the  Beaulieu,  and  was 
ever  among  the  foremost  in  a  service  of  danger.  If  a  man 
fell  overboard,  he  was  always  fortunately  in  the  way,  and 
either  in  the  boat  or  the  water.  During  the  time  he 
belonged  to  the  ship,  nearly  a  dozen  men  were  indebted  to 
him  for  their  lives,  which  he  had  saved  by  plunging  over- 
board, sometimes  even  in  a  gale  of  wind,  at  the  utmost 
hazard  of  his  own." 

Lieutenant  Losack  was  immediately  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  commander  ;  but  it  was  some  time  afterwards,  and 
then  only  in  consequence  of  a  court  of  inquiry  held  on  board 
the  Mars,  in  reference  to  the  real  statement  of  the  affair, 
that  Lieutenant  Maxwell  received  a  similar  advancement,  to 
which  his  services  so  justly  entitled  him.  The  naval  medal 
has  been  granted  to  the  surviving  participators  in  this 
exploit. 

On  the  27th  of  July,  in  lat.  43°  30'  K,  long.  11°  40'  W., 
the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Immortalite,  Captain  Henry 
Hotham,  captured,  after  a  chase  of  seven  hours,  the  French 
26-gun    privateer    Invention.      The    Invention    had    four 


54  SYLPH    AND    FRENCH    FRIGATE.  [1801. 

masts,  her  length  was  147  feet,  while  her  breadth  of  beam 
was  only  twenty- seven  feet;  her  armament  consisted  of 
twenty-four  long  6-pounders  on  a  flush-deck,  and  two 
12-pounder  carronades  on  a  top-gallant  forecastle.  Her 
four  masts  were  at  nearly  equal  distances  :  the  first  and 
third  of  the  same  height,  the  second  stouter  and  taunter, 
and  the  mizen  much  smaller ;  but  she  had  four  top-gallant 
yards  rigged  aloft,  and  was  accounted  a  good  sailer  and 
sea-boat.  Having  only  been  a  month  launched,  however, 
these  points  had  not  been  well  ascertained. 

On  the  31st  of  July,  the  18-gun  brig  Sylph,  Captain 
Charles  Dashwood,  was  cruising  off  Santander,  on  the  north 
coast  of  Spain,  and  in  the  evening  chased  a  large  schooner 
which  stood  towards  a  frigate  observed  to  windward  under 
the  land.  At  sunset,  the  hull  of  the  frigate  (which  made 
sail  after  the  Sylph)  was  visible  from  the  deck,  and  the  brig 
hove  to  and  prepared  for  action.  At  llh.  p.m.,  the  frigate 
having  arrived  within  half  gun-shot  of  the  Sylph  without 
answering  the  private  signal,  the  latter  opened  fire,  which 
was  returned  by  the  enemy's  ship,  the  two  vessels  gradually 
nearing  until  they  approached  within  hail.  The  action  was 
continued  for  one  hour  and  twenty  minutes ;  but  at 
12h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  Sylph  having  had  her  rigging  much  cut 
up,  a  carronade  dismounted,  and  some  shot  between  wind 
and  water,  edged  off  the  wind  to  repair  her  damages.  At 
daybreak  on  the  21st,  the  frigate  was  again  seen  about  seven 
miles  to  windward,  with  her  foreyard-  upon  deck,  and  the 
brig  made  sail  in  chase  ;  but,  from  her  own  disabled  state 
being  unable  to  carry  much  sail,  before  she  could  get  within 
reach,  the  frigate  swayed  up  her  foreyard,  and  stood  in  for 
the  land.  As  the  Sylph's  mainmast  was  badly  wounded, 
and  as  she  was  making  eighteen  inches  water  an  hour, 
Captain  Dashwood  deemed  it  his  duty  to  wear,  and  stand  to 
the  northward  ;  having  sustained  a  loss  of  one  seaman  killed, 
and  Mr.  Allward,  master,  Lionel  Carey,  midshipman,  and 
eight  seamen  wounded  (three  dangerously).  The  Sylph,  on 
ioining  Admiral  Cornwallis,  was  ordered  to  Plymouth  ;  and, 
after  undergoing  a  complete  refit,  rejoined  the  commander- 
in-chief  off  Ushant,  and  was  ordered  to  repair  to  her  old 
crui sing-ground  on  the  north  coast  of  Spain. 

On  the  28th  of  September,  when  about  forty  leagues  to 


1801.]  CAPTURE   OF   CARRERE.  55 

the  northward  of  Cape  Pinas,  the  Sylph  discovered  at  sunset 
a  large  ship,  apparently  of  similar  force  to  her  former 
opponent.  All  sail  was  instantly  set  upon  the  Sylph,  and 
endeavours  made  to  obtain  the  weather  gage,  which  the 
frigate  seeming  determined  to  dispute,  several  tacks  were 
made  by  both,  and  smart  broadsides  exchanged  in  passing. 
At  7h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Sylph  succeeded  in  placing  herself  on 
the  weather  bow  of  the  frigate,  and  an  action  commenced, 
which  continued  for  two  hours,  when  the  frigate  wore,  and 
made  sail  on  the  opposite  tack,  leaving  the  brig  very  much 
disabled  in  her  sails  and  rigging,  and  her  main-topmast 
badly  wounded ;  but,  singular  to  relate,  the  only  person 
hurt  was  the  same  gentleman  before  mentioned,  Lionel 
Carey,  midshipman,  who  was  again  wounded.  The  frigate, 
thus  twice  engaged  by  an  1 8-gun  brig,  was  supposed  to  have 
been  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Artemise ;  and  it  was 
stated  in  Captain  Dashwood's  official  letter,  that  in  the  first 
action  she  had  twenty  men  killed  and  forty  wounded,  and 
was  obliged  to  return  to  Santander  to  refit  ;  but  her  loss  on 
the  second  occasion  is  not  stated.  The  real  name  and  force 
of  the  enemy,  however,  are  still  involved  in  mystery.  Captain 
Dashwood  was  posted ;  but  Iris  first  lieutenant,  Samuel 
Burgess,  remained  a  lieutenant  for  fifteen  years  afterwards. 

On  the  3rd  of  August,  the  frigates  Phoenix,  Pom  one,  and 
Pearl,  Captains  Lawrence  W.  Halsted,  Edward  L.  Gower,  and 
Samuel  Ballard,  cruising  off  the  Isle  of  Elba,  fell  in  with 
the  French  3 8-gun  frigate  Carrere,  having  under  her  charge 
a  convoy  laden  with  ordnance  stores.  The  Pomone  having 
arrived  up  with  the  chase,  after  an  action  of  ten  minutes, 
compelled  the  French  ship  to  surrender.  The  boatswain  of 
the  Pomone  and  one  seaman  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
Charles  Douglas,  of  the  marines  (with  the  loss  of  a  leg),  and 
three  seamen  wounded.  The  prize  was  added  to  the  British 
navy. 

On  the  10th  of  August,  Francis  Smith,  midshipman,  in 
command  of  the  six-oared  cutter  of  the  1 6-gun  brig  Atalante, 
Commander  Anselm  J.  Griffiths,  gallantly  boarded  and 
captured,  in  Quiberon  Bay,  the  French  national  lugger 
Eveille,  of  two  long  4-pounders  and  four  swivels.  Although 
performed  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire,  no  casualty  occurred 
in  the  British  boat. 


5G  ATTACK   OX   THE   BOULOGNE    FLOTILLA.  [1801. 

On  the  night  of  the  15th  of  August,  Lord  Nelson,  whose 
flag  was  hoisted  for  the  occasion  on  board  the  Medusa 
frigate,  Captain  John  Gore,  determined  that  an  attack 
should  be  made  on  the  Boulogne  flotilla,  by  the  boats  of  the 
squadron  under  his  orders.  They  were  accordingly  formed 
into  four  divisions,  under  the  respective  commands  of  Cap- 
tains Philip  Somerville,  Edward  T.  Parker,  Isaac  Cotgrave, 
and  Robert  Jones,  accompanied  by  a  division  of  mortar-boats 
under  Captain  John  Conn.  At  llh.  30m.  p.m.,  the  boats 
put  off  from  the  Medusa ;  but,  owing  to  the  strength  of  the 
current  and  extreme  darkness  of  the  night,  the  divisions 
separated.  Captain  Somerville's  division  was  drifted  to  the 
eastward  ;  and  at  daylight  some  of  the  leading  boats  got  up 
with  and  attacked  a  brig,  lying  close  to  the  pier-head,  and 
after  a  sharp  resistance,  carried  her ;  but  she  was  found  to 
be  secured  to  the  shore  by  a  chain  under  her  bottom.  The 
British  boats'  crews  then  became  exposed  to  so  heavy  a  fire 
of  musketry  opened  upon  them  from  the  shore,  and  from 
the  vessels  near  her,  that  they  were  compelled  to  retreat, 
after  sustaining  a  loss  of  Alexander  Rutherford,  mate,  and 
fourteen  seamen,  killed ;  and  Lieutenants  Thomas  Oliver, 
Prancis  Dickenson,  Jeremiah  Skelton,  and  William  Basset, 
Captain  of  marines  George  Young,  Francis  Burney,  mate, 
Samuel  Spratley,  midshipman,  twenty-nine  seamen  and 
nineteen  marines,  wounded  :  total,  eighteen  killed,  and  fifty- 
five  wounded. 

The  second  division,  under  Captain  Parker,  reached  the 
shore  about  midnight,  and  a  subdivision  of  the  boats,  led  by 
Captain  Parker,  ran  alongside  the  brig  Etna,  bearing  a  com- 
modore's pendant,  moored  off  the  mole-head.  Their  frequent 
and  gallant  attempts  at  boarding  were,  however,  frustrated 
by  a  strong  boarding-netting,  triced  up  all  round  her,  and 
by  200  soldiers,  who  kept  up  an  incessant  fire  of  musketry. 
The  assailauts,  in  the  end,  were  beaten  off  with  considerable 
loss.  The  second  subdivision,  under  Lieutenant  Edward 
Williams,  of  the  Medusa,  boarded  and  carried  a  lugger,  which 
was  brought  off ;  but  in  attacking  a  brig  was  repulsed,  and 
compelled  to  retreat,  as  well  as  that  part  of  the  division 
under  Captain  Parker.  Their  loss  together  amounted  to 
William  Gore  and  William  Bristow,  midshipmen,  fifteen 
seamen,  aud  four  marines,  killed  ;  and  Captain  Parker  (mor- 


1801.]  SIBYLLE    AND    CHIFFONNE.  57 

tally),  Lieutenants  Charles  Pelly  and  Frederick  Langford, 
William  Kirby,  master,  the  Hon.  Anthony  Maitland,  mid- 
shipman, Richard  Wilkinson,  master  of  the  Greyhound 
cutter,  thirty  seamen,  and  six  marines,  wounded  ;  total, 
twenty-one  killed,  and  forty-two  wounded.  Captain  Cot- 
grave  led  on  his  division  with  equal  gallantry,  and  the  boats 
under  his  orders  attacked  with  great  bravery,  but  unfor- 
tunately with  no  better  success  ;  and  they  were  also  obliged 
to  retire.  Their  loss  amounted  to  Mr.  Berry,  midshipman, 
and  four  seamen,  killed  ;  and  a  gunner,  twenty-three  seamen, 
and  five  marines,  wounded  :  total,  five  killed,  and  twenty- 
nine  wounded.  The  fourth  division,  under  Captain  Jones, 
was  prevented  by  the  rapidity  of  the  tide  from  reach- 
ing the  scene  of  action,  and  that  of  Captain  Conn  did  not 
act.  The  total  loss  sustained  in  this  ill-timed  expedition 
amounted  to  forty-four  killed  and  126  wounded.  It  must, 
however,  be  borne  in  mind,  in  reference  to  the  want  of  success 
which  attended  the  gallant  efforts  of  the  British  boats  at 
Boulogne,  that  the  vessels  they  were  ordered  to  act  against 
were  in  every  way  prepared  to  resist  a  boarding  attack. 
The  flotilla  was  composed  of  vessels  purposely  built,  and 
intended  for  the  conveyance  of  troops  ;  they  were,  gene- 
rally speaking,  vessels  of  from  250  to  200  tons,  very  broad, 
with  high,  strong  bulwarks,  and  flat-bottomed,  drawing  no 
more  than  three  or  four  feet  of  water.  The  area  of  deck 
they  possessed  enabled  a  large  body  of  troops  to  act  on  the 
defensive ;  and  although  ill  calculated  to  compete  with  a  ship 
of  war  underweigh,  they  could  scarcely  fail,  if  defended  with 
any  degree  of  determination,  in  beating  off  as  many  boats  as 
could  have  been  brought  against  them.  The  attack  was 
ordered  by  Earl  St.  Yincent,  the  first  lord  of  the  Admiralty,  in 
the  hope  of  appeasing  popular  clamour ;  and  its  failure  cannot 
be  attributed  to  the  vice-admiral,  or  to  the  parties  engaged. 

On  the  19th  of  August,  the  38-gun  frigate  Sibylle,  Cap- 
tain Charles  Adam,  having  been  despatched  by  Yice- Admiral 
Peter  Bainier  to  the  Seychelle  Islands,  was  off  the  island  of 
St.  Ann's,  when  she  discovered  lying  in  Mahe  Boads  a  French 
frigate  without  a  foremast.  Having  cleared  for  action,  and 
got  all  ready  for  anchoring,  with  springs  on  her  cables,  the 
Sibylle  stood  towards  the  enemy.  By  an  extraordinary 
change  of  wind  (which  almost  constantly  blows  off  the  land, 


58  SIBYLLE   AND    CHIFFONNE.  [1801. 

the  island  being  within  the  range  of  the  trade-winds),  the 
British  frigate  was  enabled  to  steer  as  direct  for  the  enemy 
as  the  intricate  nature  of  the  channel  would  permit ;  through 
which  the  Sibylle,  having  no  pilot,  was  conducted  by  the 
master,  who,  stationed  on  the  foreyard-arm,  and  guided  by 
the  colour  of  the  water,  gave  instructions  to  the  man  at  the 
helm.  The  Sibylle,  under  French  colours,  continued  her  course 
unmolested  ;  but  having  arrived  within  about  200  yards  of 
the  frigate's  larboard  bow,  a  shoal  was  observed  extending  on 
both  hands,  upon  which  the  Sibylle's  anchor  was  let  go,  and 
shifting  her  colours,  she  immediately  became  exposed  to  a 
heavy  fire  from  the  enemy,  and  also  from  a  battery  erected 
on  shore,  and  several  small  vessels  at  anchor.  At 
lOh.  25m.  a.m.  the  Sibylle  commenced  firing  in  return,  and 
in  seventeen  minutes  compelled  her  adversary  to  haid  down, 
her  colours,  and  cutting  her  cables,  she  drifted  on  a  reef  of 
rocks.  A  boat  was  despatched,  under  the  orders  of  Lieu- 
tenant Nicholas  Mauger,  to  take  possession  of  the  prize, 
which  proved  to  be  the  French  36-gun  frigate  Chiffonne,  Cap- 
tain Pierre  Guieysse,  mounting  twenty-six  long  12-pounders 
on  her  main-deck,  six  6 -pounders  and  four  brass  howitzers 
on  her  quarter-deck  and  forecastle.  In  the  battery  were 
mounted  four  long  12-pounders,  taken  from  the  Chiffonne's 
disengaged  side  ;  it  was  well  constructed,  and  provided  with 
a  furnace  for  heating  shot.  The  fire  from  the  battery  being 
continued  after  the  frigate  had  surrendered,  Lieutenant 
Joseph  Corbyu  and  a  boat's  crew  landed  and  silenced  it,  the 
men,  as  well  as  a  great  part  of  the  crew  of  the  Chiffonne, 
making  their  escape  into  the  country.  The  loss  sustained  by 
the  French  frigate  amounted  to  twenty-three  killed,  and 
thirty  wounded  ;  and  the  Sibylle's  loss  was  two  seamen 
killed,  and  George  Phillimore,  midshipman,  slightly  wounded. 
The  fortunate  circumstance  of  the  wind,  doubtless,  preserved 
the  Sibylle  from  a  much  heavier  loss.  The  skill  displayed 
on  this  occasion,  which  in  a  short  time  brought  about  a 
successful  termination,  reflected  much  credit  upon  Captain 
Adam,  his  officers,  and  crew.  The  Chiffonne,  a  fine  ship  of 
945  tons,  was  purchased  into  the  British  navy,  and  under 
the  same  name  was  commissioned  in  1802  by  Captain  Adam. 
There  having  been  no  promotion  granted  for  this  capture, 
the  naval  medal  is  not  granted  for  it. 


1801.]  BOATS    OF   FISGARD    OFF    CORUNNA.  59 

On  the  night  of  the  20th  of  August,  Captain  Thomas 
Byam  Martin,  having  under  his  orders  the  Fisgard,  Diamond, 
and  Boadicea,  cruising  off  Corunna,  despatched  the  boats  of 
the  different  frigates,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Philip  Pipon,  to  attack  the  shipping  at  anchor  in  that  port. 
The  Neptune,  a  ship  pierced  for  twenty  guns,  a  gun-boat, 
and  a  merchant  vessel,  were  boarded  and  carried,  under  a 
heavy  fire  of  musketry  from  the  shore  and  the  guns  of  the 
batteries  under  which  they  were  moored;  and  the  three 
vessels  were  brought  out,  the  British  sustaining  no  loss  what- 
ever. Lieutenant  Pipon,  in  the  early  part  of  the  ensuing 
year,  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 

On  the  2nd  of  September,  the  squadron,  under  the  orders 
of  Captain  Lawrence  Halstead,  in  the  Phoenix,  consisting  of 
the  Minerve  and  Pomone,  Captains  George  Cockburn  and 
Edward  Leveson  Gower,  employed  in  the  blockade  of  Porto 
Ferrajo,  fell  in  with  the  French  frigates  Succes  (late  British), 
of  thirty-two,  and  Bravoure,  of  thirty-six  guns,  which  after  a 
short  chase  were  driven  on  shore  near  Vasa.  The  Bravoure 
was  destroyed  ;  but  the  Succes  was  got  off,  and  restored  to 
her  place  in  the  British  navy. 

On  the  2nd  of  September,  the  18-gun  corvette  Victor, 
Commander  George  Balph  Collier,  while  cruising  off  the 
Seychelle  Islands,  discovered  to  leeward  the  French  8-pouncler 
18-gun  brig  Fleche,  Lieutenant  Bonnavie.  At  5h.  30m.  p.m. 
the  Victor  brought  her  to  close  action  ;  but  the  Fleche,  after 
a  few  broadsides,  crossing  the  Victor's  stern,  hauled  to  the 
wind,  and  made  sail  away.  The  Victor's  running  rigging 
was  much  cut ;  but  as  soon  as  new  gear  could  be  rove,  she 
tacked  and  pursued  her  opponent,  but  by  that  time  the  brig- 
had  got  half  a  mile  to  windward.  The  Victor  continued  the 
chase  during  the  night  and  two  succeeding  days ;  but  the 
sailing  qualities  of  the  vessels  were  far  from  equal,  and  at 
daylight  on  the  5th  the  Fleche  was  not  in  ^  sight.  Captain 
Collier  then  proceeded  to  the  Seychelle  Islands,  and  at 
3h.  30m.  p.m.  the  French  brig  was  observed  standing  in  for 
the  anchorage  of  Mahe.  At  7h.  p.m.  the  night  closed  in,  and 
the  Victor,  having  no  pilot,  was  under  the  necessity  of 
anchoring  in  eleven  fathoms. 

The  entrance  to  the  roads,  as  already  stated,  is  exceedingly 
intricate ;  but  the  master,    James  Crawford,  though  ill  of 


CO  VICTOR    AND    FLKCHE.  [1801. 

fever,  volunteered  to  sound  and  endeavour  to  find  the  channel, 
and,  assisted  by  James  Middleton,  mate  (who  had  been 
wounded  in  the  action  of  the  2nd  instant),  succeeded  in  per- 
forming that  service,  although  repeatedly  fired  at  by  a  boat 
from  the  brig.  At  daylight  on  the  6th,  the  Fleche  was 
seen  at  the  mouth  of  the  inner  harbour,  with  springs  on  her 
cables,  and  as  the  wind  was  off  the  land,  the  Victor,  from 
the  narrowness  of  the  channel,  was  obliged  to  warp  a  great 
part  of  the  distance  under  her  staysails,  exposed  to  the  fire 
of  the  brig.  By  great  perseverance,  however,  the  Victor, 
after  a  hard  day's  work,  gained  the  requisite  position,  and  at 
llh.  45m.  p.m.  let  go  her  anchor,  with  two  springs  on  her 
cable,  and  opened  fire.  At  2h.  10m.  a.m.,  on  the  7th,  the 
the  Fleche  was  reduced  to  a  sinking  state,  and  having  cut 
her  cable,  drifted  on  a  coral  reef.  The  boats  of  the  Victor 
were  sent  to  take  possession  of  the  prize  ;  but  before  they 
could  board  she  fell  over  on  her  larboard  side  into  deep  water 
and  sank.  In  this  highly  creditable  affair  the  Victor  did 
not  lose  a  man,  although  very  much  cut  up  in  her  rigging, 
and  several  shot  had  struck  her  hull.  In  her  previous  con- 
test, she  had  only  Mr.  Middleton  and  one  seaman  wounded. 
The  loss  of  the  Fleche,  out  of  a  crew  of  145,  was  supposed  to 
have  been  very  heavy,. but  the  number  is  not  stated. 

On  the  13th  of  September,  the  18-gun  ship-sloop  Lark, 
Acting  Commander  James  Johnstone,  being  close  in  with 
Cuba,  chased  the  Spanish  privateer  schooner  Esperanza, 
which  took  shelter  behind  the  Portilla  reefs.  The  yawl  and 
cutter  of  the  Lark,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  James 
Pasley  and  —  M'Cloud,  midshipman,  proceeded  to  cut  her 
out,  and  after  a  desperate  resistance  succeeded,  but  lost  in 
effecting  it  one  man  killed,  and  Mr.  M'Cloud  and  twelve  men 
wounded.  On  board  the  privateer  twenty-one  men  were 
killed,  and  six  wounded,  including  among  the  former  the 
captain  and  all  the  officers. 

On  the  14th  of  September,  450  marines  and  240  seamen, 
commanded  by  Captain  George  Long,  of  the  Vincego,  with  ft 
party  of  Tuscans,  amounting  altogether  to  about  1,000  men, 
were  landed  at  daybreak  from  the  7*-gun  ships  Genereux 
and  Dragon,  under  the  orders  of  Captain  John  Chambers 
White,  of  the  Renown,  and  an  attack  was  made  on  several 
French  batteries  near  Porto  Ferrajo,  some  of  which  were 


1601.]  PASLEY   AND   SPANISH    POLACRE.  CI 

destroyed,  and  fifty-five  men  made  prisoners,  including  three 
officers ;  but  the  allied  force  was  ultimately  obliged  to  retire, 
with  a  loss  of  thirty-two  killed,  sixty-one  wounded,  and  105 
missing.  Captain  Long,  while  gallantly  leading  his  men  to 
storm  a  narrow  bridge,  together  with  two  seamen  and  twelve 
marines,  were  killed,  and  one  officer,  seventeen  seamen,  and 
twenty  marines,  wounded  ;  also  one  officer,  twelve  seamen, 
and  sixty-four  marines,  missing.  Total  naval  loss  ;  fifteen 
killed,  thirty-three  wounded,  and  seventy-seven  missing. 

On  the  28th  of  October,  the  hired  armed  14-gun  brig 
Pasley,  Lieutenant  William  Wooldridge,  when  about  twenty 
leagues  from  Cape  de  Gata,  was  chased  by  the  Spanish 
polacre  ship  Virgin  del  Rosario,  pierced  for  twenty  guns,  but 
having  only  ten  mounted,  eight  of  which  were  long  twelves 
and  two  long  24-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  ninety-four  men. 
After  an  hours  engagement,  the  Pasley's  rigging  being  much 
cut,  and  her  gaff  shot  away,  the  brig,  in  order  to  prevent  her 
adversary's  escape,  ran  the  polacre  athwart  hawse,  lashing  her 
bowsprit  to  the  capstan.  The  British  crew  then  jumped  on 
board,  and  the  polacre,  after  a  sharp  struggle  of  fifteen 
minutes,  was  carried.  The  Pasley's  gunner  and  two  seamen 
were  killed,  her  commander  shot  through  the  left  shoulder, 
her  master,  Ambrose  Lions  (mortally),  George  Davies,  mate, 
and  five  seamen,  wounded.  The  Rosario  had  her  captain, 
six  officers,  and  fifteen  seamen  killed,  and  thirteen  wounded. 
Lieutenant  Wooldridge  was  deservedly  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  commander.  Pringle  H.  Douglas  served  as  lieutenant 
of  the  Pasley  under  Lieutenant  Wooldridge,  and  contributed 
to  the  favourable  result  of  the  action.  The  naval  medal  is 
granted  for  this  exploit. 

Preliminary  articles  of  peace  were  signed  in  London  on 
the  1st  of  October  between  Great  Britain  and  France,  and 
on  the  12th  a  cessation  of  hostilities  was  ordered  ;  the 
definitive  treaty  was  concluded  at  Amiens  on  the  25th  of 
March,  1802.  By  the  terms  of  the  treaty,  Malta,  Goza,  and 
Comino  were  to  be  restored  to  the  order  of  St.  John  of 
Jerusalem  ;  the  French  troops  were  to  evacuate  Naples  and 
the  Roman  territory  ;  and  the  British  to  quit  Porto  Ferrajo. 
To  France  was  restored  all  which  had  been  taken  from  her  in 
the  East  and  West  Indies  and  Africa.  Holland  regained  all 
her  West  India  possessions  except  Dutch  Guiana,  and  also 


62  PEACE   OF   AMIENS.  [1801. 

the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  ;  and  in  the  East  Indies — Malacca, 
and  the  islands  Amboyna,  Banda,  and  Ternate  ;  but  lost 
Trincomale,  and  other  Dutch  settlements  in  Ceylon.  To 
Sweden  and  Denmark  were  restored  the  few  colonies  which 
had  been  taken  from  them.  Spain  lost  Trinidad,  which 
was  retained  by  the  English. 

"  Whatever  grounds,"  says  Mr.  James,  "  politicians  might 
have  for  auguring  from  the  terms  of  this  solemn  compact  a 
short-lived  peace,  certain  it  is  that  the  activity  which  reigned 
on  the  ocean,  an  activity  much  greater  than  any  which  had 
been  witnessed  during  the  last  two  or  three  years  of  the  war, 
gave  to  the  treaty  the  air  of  a  truce,  or  suspension  of  arms, 
in  which  each  of  the  belligerents — some  of  whom  signed  it 
for  no  other  purpose — was  striving  to  gain  an  advantageous 
position,  in  order,  when  the  tocsin  should  again  sound,  to  be 
ready  for  the  commencement  of  hostilities.  French,  Dutch, 
and  Spanish  fleets  were  preparing  to  put  to  sea,  and  English 
fleets  to  follow  them  and  watch  their  motions.  Who  then 
could  doubt  that,  although  the  wax  upon  the  seals  of  the 
treaty  concluding  the  last  had  scarcely  cooled,  a  new  war 
was  on  the  eve  of  bursting  forth  1 "  x 

The  losses  sustained  by  the  British  navy  during  the  preced- 
ing war  may  be  thus  briefly  summed  up : — 


Lost 
through 
enemy. 

Lost  by  Accident. 

Total. 

•6 

<D 
H 

s 

1 

>6 
p 

| 

in 

<u 

■8 

Foundered. 

Brit. 

built. 

For. 
built. 

pq 

5 

37 

9 

9 
73 

8 

14 

6 

4 

20 
145 

Frigates  and  smaller  vessels   .  . 
Total  loss 

42  |    9 

82 

8 

14 

10 

165 

>  Vol.  iii.  p.  235. 


1801.] 


ENEMY  S    LOSSES. 


63 


Abstract  of  the  Losses  sustained  by  the  different  Belligerent  Powers  in 
the  course  of  the  War  with  Great  Britain,  commencing  in  1793  and 
ending  October  12,  1801  ;  also  showing  the  Number  of  Prizes  pur- 
chased into  the  British  Navy. 


(  French 

Ships  of  the    \  Dutch 

Line.         1  Spanish     .... 
'  Danish 

Total     

Lost 

through  the 

British. 

Lost  by- 
Accident.1 

Total 
Loss. 

Added 
to  the 
British 
Navy. 

T3 

6 

1 

t/J 

■d 

■8 

3 

m 

34 

18 
5 
2 

11 
'5 

9 

1 

55 

18 

10 

2 

28 

17 

4 

1 

59 
82 
33 
11 

16 
14 

4 

9 
6 

1 

85 

102 

33 

15 

50 
62 

25 

7 

144 

( French  

Frigates.  .  ...  <  Dutch 

( Spanish     .... 

Grand  Total     

185 

34 

15 

1 

235 

1  This  enumeration  cannot  be  termed  wholly  correct,  as,  from  want  of 
local  information,  many  wrecks,  not  being  known,  are  not  included  in 
the  above.     With  respect  to  the  British,   however,   there  can  be  no 


04 


RECOMMENCEMENT   OF   HOSTILITIES. 


[1803. 


1803. 

The  duration  of  the  peace  of  Amiens  was  short ;  and  on 
the  16th  of  May,  1803,  war  was  again  formally  declared. 

On  this  recommencement  of  hostilities,  although  the  num- 
ber of  ships  of  the  line  in  the  British  navy  had  undergone 
very  little  augmentation  since  the  former  war,  yet  that 
number  consisted  of  ships  in  better  condition,  and  for  the 
most  part  larger.  The  following  will  show  the  available 
force  of  the  British  navy  at  the  commencement  of  the  year 
1803. 


For  Sea  Service. 

-  to 

"S  ° 
.is  ^ 

id 

Third 
Rates. 

Fourth 
Rates. 

Fifth 
Rates. 

5  M 

'<«  si 

Bombs, 
a     Gun-brigs, 
§    ,   Cutters, 
53    |    &c.  &c. 

"5 
o 

In  commission  .  . 
In  ordinary    .... 

Total     .... 

*6 

i 

14 
15 

31 

59 

7  I  66 
4  |  36 

11 
11 

58  !       36 

20  '       28 

210 
178 

6 

90  I  11  J102  |  22 

1         1         1 

7S  !       64 

38S 

By  the  1st  of  June,  sixty  sail  of  the  line  were  in  com- 
mission, together  with  a  proportionate  number  of  frigates 
and  smaller  vessels.  The  exertions  of  France  in  the  mean- 
while in  building  new  ships  had  been  very  great,  and  on  the 
resumption  of  hostilities,  the  line-of-battle  force  at  her 
disposal  amounted  to  upwards  of  sixty  sail. 

The  first  open  act  of  hostility  on  the  part  of  the  British 
took  place  in  the  Channel  on  the  day  on  which  the  decla- 
ration of  war  appeared  in  the  Gazette.  The  British 
18-pounder  3G-gun  frigate  Doris,  Captain  Richard  Henry 
Pearson,  chased  the  French  national  14-gun  lugger  Affron- 
teur,  and  after  a  determined  resistance  on  the  part  of  the 
latter,  by  which  she  had  her  captain  and  eight  men  killed 
and  fourteen  wounded,  the  lugger  surrendered. 

On  the  28th  of  .May,  the  French  36-gun  frigate  Franchise 
captured  by  the  74-gun  ship  Minotaur,  Captain  John 


1803.]  CUTTING  OUT  THE  VENTEUX.  65 

CM.  Mansfield,  belonging  to  the  Channel  fleet  cruising  off 
Brest. 

On  the  14th  of  June,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
Inimortalite,  Captain  E.  W.  C.  R.  Owen,  and  18-gun  brigs 
Cruiser  and  Jalouse,  Commanders  John  Hancock  and  Chris- 
topher Strachey,  chased  the  two  French  gun-vessels  Inabord- 
able,  schooner,  and  Commode  brig,  each  mounting  four  long 
18  and  24-pounders.  The  gun-vessels  ran  ashore  near  Cape 
Blanc  Nez ;  but  after  a  spirited  cannonade  between  the  bat- 
teries under  which  they  had  grounded  and  the  British 
squadron,  they  were  brought  off'  by  the  boats  of  the  three 
ships.  Charles  Adams,  master's  mate  of  the  Jalouse,  who 
was  the  only  person  injured,  was  badly  wounded. 

On  the  27th  of  June,  the  38-gun  frigate  Loire,  Captain 
Frederick  L.  Maitland,  cruising  off  the  Isle  of  Bas,  sent  her 
three  boats,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenants  Francis  Temple 
and  James  Bowen,  with  Philip  Henry  Bridges,  midshipman, 
to  attack  the  French  national  10-gun  brig  Venteux,  Lieu- 
tenant Montfort,  which  was  moored  under  the  batteries. 
Owing  to  the  heavy  rowing  of  one  of  the  boats,  only  two 
reached  the  brig,  which  was  perfectly  prepared  for  the 
attack ;  but  these  gallantly  boarded,  and,  after  a  resistance 
of  ten  minutes,  carried  her.  The  Venteux's  second  officer 
and  two  seamen  were  killed ;  and  her  commander,  four  offi- 
cers, and  eight  seamen  wounded.  The  British  loss  amounted 
to  —  McGwier  (boatswain),  four  seamen,  and  one  marine 
wounded.  Lieutenant  Temple  was  made  a  commander  for 
this  service,  and  Mr.  Bridges  promoted  to  be  a  lieutenant. 
The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  Lieutenants  Temple  and  Bowen 
swords  of  the  value  of  fifty  guineas  each  ;  and  the  naval 
medal  has  also  been  awarded. 

On  the  30th  of  June  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun 
frigate  Creole  was  captured  off  Cape  Nicolas  Mole,  by  the 
74-gun  ships  Cumberland  and  Vanguard,  Captains  Henry  W. 
Bayntun  and  James  Walker.  The  Creole,  in  command  of 
Captain  Austen  Bissell,  foundered  on  her  passage  to  England. 
On  the  2nd  of  July,  the  British  38-gun  frigate  Minerve, 
Captain  Jahleel  Brenton,  during  a  thick  fog,  grounded  at 
the  entrance  of  Cherbourg.  Notwithstanding  every  effort 
which  it  was  possible  for  ability  to  suggest,  or  courage  and 
perseverance  to  execute,  to  get '  the  ship  afloat — and  after 

VOL.  II.  f 


66  ANECDOTE   OF   A,  BRITISH    SAILOR.  [1803. 

being  exposed  for  ten  hours  to  the  fire  of  numerous  and 
heaw  batteries,  and  some  gun-vessels,  Captain  Brenton 
ordered  the  colours  to  be  hauled  down.  The  Minerve  sus- 
tained a  loss  of  11  men  killed  and  16  wounded  before  she 
surrendered.1 

On  the  24th  of  July,  the  French  74-gun  ships  Duquesne 
and  Duo-uay  Trouin,   Commodore  Querangal   and  Captain 
Touffet,  Accompanied  by  the  40-gun  frigate  Guerriere,  Cap- 
tain Beaudouin,  taking  advantage  of  a  dark  squall,  put  to 
sea  from  Cape  Francois,  in  the  hope  of  evading  a  British 
squadron  blockading  the  port,  consisting  of  the  74-gun  ships 
Bellerophon,  Elephant,   Theseus,   and  Vanguard,   Captains 
John  Loring,  George  Dundas,  John  Bligh,  and  James  Walker 
The  French  ships  having  separated  at  night,  the  Elephant 
o-ave  chase  to  the  Duguay  Trouin,  while  the  Bellerophon  and 
other  ships  pursued  the  Duquesne,  which  latter  was  on  the 
following  day  overtaken  and  captured,  after  receiving  a  few 
shot  from  the  Yanguard.     The  loss  of  the  Vanguard  con- 
sisted of  one  man  killed  and  one  wounded      The  prize  was 
a  fine  ship;  but,  having  been  run  on  the  Morant  Keys,  was 
broken  up  on  reaching  England.     The  Duguay  Trouin  and 
Guerriere  escaped;   but,  on  the  31st  of  August    when  oft 
Ferrol  the  former  was  fallen  in  with  and  gallantly  engaged 
by  the  38-gun  frigate  Boadicea,  Captain  John  Maitland,  and 
both  the  Duguay  Trouin   and  Guerriere  were  eventually 
chased  into  Corunna,  on  the  2nd  of  September,  by  the  74-gun 
ship  CuUoden,  Captain  Barrington  Dacres.     In  this  latter 
engagement  the  Culloden  had  four  men  wounded,  and  the 
Guerriere  six  killed  and  fifteen  wounded. 

On  the  11th  of  July,  the  18-gun  brig  Racoon,  Commander 

«  An  anecdote  of  one  of  the  crew  of  the  Minerve,  related  in  Brenton's 
Naval  History,  must  not  be  forgotten.  The  exertions  of  the  crew  had 
been  snccessM  in  getting  the  ship  off  the  rocks  ;  and  one  of  he ,  sulog 
who  had  had  both  his  legs  shot  off,  lying  in  the  cockpit  waiting ^to  be 
Ittended  to  by  the  surgeon,  hearing  the  cheers  of  the  men  on  deck  in 
consequence,  eagerly  demanded  what  it  meant.  When  told  that  the 
shk was  off  he  shoal,  and  would  soon  be  clear  of  the  forts  he  is  reported 

to  have  exclaimed,   "Then  the  legs  !"  and,  taking  his  knffe  from 

his  pocket,  he  cut  the  remaining  muscles  which  attached  them ^to him 
and  joined  his  shipmates  in  the  cheer.  After  the  ship  was  taken  the 
poor  fellow  was  placed  in  the  boat .to  be  conveyed  to  the  hospital  but, 
determined  not  to  outlive  his  loss  of  liberty,  he  slacked  his  tourniquet, 
and  bled  to  death. 


1803.]  RACOON    WITH    LODI,    ETC.  67 

Austen  Bissell,  discovered  the  French  10-gun  brig  Lodi, 
Lieutenant  Pierre  J.  Taupier,  at  anchor  in  Leogane  Roads, 
St.  Domingo.  The  Racoon  stood  towards,  and  brought  up 
within  thirty  yards  of  the  brig;  and,  after  a  cannonade  of 
thirty  minutes,  the  Lodi  cut  her  cables,  and  endeavoured  to 
make  off ;  but  she  was  closely  pursued,  and  after  a  second 
encounter  of  ten  minutes'  duration,  hauled  down  her  colours. 
The  Lodi  had  one  man  killed  and  fourteen  wounded.  Thomas 
Gill,  master's  mate,  had  his  left  arm  shot  away,  but  he  was 
the  only  person  wounded  on  board  the  British  brig. 

On  the  17th  of  August,  the  Racoon  drove  ashore,  near 
St.  Jago  de  Cuba,  the  French  national  18-gun  brig  Mutine. 
The  Mutine  was  totally  lost ;  but  her  crew  succeeded  in 
reaching  the  land.  Captain  Bissell  continuing  to  cruise  off 
Cuba,  on  the  13th  of  October,  observed  several  vessels  run- 
ning along  close  to  the  shore,  all  of  which,  before  sunset, 
hauled  towards  Cumberland  Harbour.  The  Racoon  anchored 
in  the  night,  in  the  expectation  that  the  vessels  would 
endeavour  to  pass;  and  at  daylight,  on  the  14th,  discovered 
eight  or  nine  sail  lying  becalmed  at  some  distance.  The 
Racoon,  having  a  fine  land  wind,  proceeded  in  chase,  and 
succeeded  in  getting  within  gun-shot  of  a  brig,  which  on 
receiving  a  few  broadsides  hauled  down  her  colours.  The 
prize  was  the  French  national  gun-brig  Petite-Fille,  and 
had  on  board  180  troops.  A  prize  crew  was  put  on  board, 
which  was  scarcely  effected  before  an  armed  schooner  and 
cutter  stood  towards  the  Racoon,  and  commenced  firing 
upon  her  ;  and  having  a  breeze,  at  Uh.  a.m.,  bore  up  with 
the  intention  of  boarding  her  on  the  bow  and  quarter.  The 
two  vessels  had  arrived  within  pistol-shot,  when  the  Racoon 
opened  her  broadside  on  the  cutter;  then  -wearing  round, 
she  fired  the  other  broadside  into  the  schooner,  and  continued 
to  manoeuvre  in  this  manner  so  effectually,  that  the  vessels, 
whose  decks  were  crowded  with  men,  were  prevented  from 
executing  their  project.  After  engaging  for  an  hour,  the 
cutter,  being  reduced  to  a  sinking  state,  surrendered.  The 
Racoon  having  taken  possession  of  the  cutter,  proceeded 
after  the  schooner,  which  she  also  captured.  The  loss  on 
board  the  latter  vessels,  out  of  .near  250  people,  including 
150  troops,  amounted  to  about  forty  men  killed  and  wounded. 
The  Racoon  sustained  no  loss;  and  the  only  person  wounded 

p2 


G8  BOATS    OF   HYDRA   AT   HAVRE.  [1803. 

was  James  Thompson,  the  master,  by  a  severe  contusion. 
Her  first  prize,  the  brig,  was  recaptured  by  the  French  crew 
while  the  Racoon  was  engaging  the  cutter  and  schooner,  and 
ran  ashore  upon  the  rocks.  Commander  Bissell  and  Lieu- 
tenant James  A.  Gordon,  first  of  the  Racoon,  were  promoted 
shortly  afterwards.  The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  Commander 
Bissell  a  sword,  value  100  guineas,  in  approbation  of  his 
conduct  on  this  occasion,  and  the  naval  medal  has  lately  been 
awarded  to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  the  boats  of  the  38-gun  frigate 
Hydra,  Captain  George  Mundy,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
Francis  McMahon  Tracy,  having  under  his  orders  Midship- 
men John  Barclay  and  George  French,  were  despatched  to 
bring  off  or  destroy  the  French  armed  lugger  Favori,  which 
the  frigate  had  driven  ashore  near  Havre.  The  lugger  was 
defended  by  her  crew,  which  had  landed  and  taken  post 
behind  some  sand-hills,  assisted  by  a  party  of  soldiers  ;  but 
notwithstanding  their  unremitting  fusilade,  the  vessel,  under 
cover  of  a  steady  fire  of  musketry  from  the  Hydra's  marines, 
was  brought  out.  One  seaman  killed  was  the  extent  of  the 
British  loss. 

On  the  14th  of  August,  in  lat.  48°  1ST.,  long.  16°  W.,  the 
H.E.I.C.  ship  Lord  Nelson,  of  twenty-six  guns,  Captain 
Robert  Spottiswood,  homeward  bound,  was  captured  after  a 
gallant  action  by  the  French  34-gun  privateer  frigate 
Bellone.  The  crew  of  the  privateer  numbered  260,  and  were 
repulsed  in  one  attempt  to  board ;  and  the  Lord  Nelson  was 
not  surrendered  until,  out  of  a  crew  of  102  men,  five  were 
killed  and  thirty -one  wounded.  The  Lord  Nelson  Avas 
recaptured  on  the  25th  by  the  British  18-gun  brig  Seagull, 
Commander  Henry  Burke,  after  an  action  in  which  the  brig 
had  two  men  killed  and  eight  wounded. 

On  the  9th  of  September,  at  daylight,  the  hired  armed 
cutter  Sheerness,  Lieutenant  Henry  Rowed,  being  off  Brest, 
observed  two  chasse-marees  coming  out.  Lieutenant  Rowed 
despatched  a  boat  with  seven  men,  under  the  command  of  a 
master's  mate,  in  chase  of  one,  while  the  Sheerness  pursued 
the  other.  At  lOh.  a.m.  it  fell  calm,  and  the  only  boat  now 
left  to  the  Sheerness  was  a  small  dingy,  which  was  hoisted 
up  astern.  With  this  small  boat,  however,  Lieutenant 
Rowed  determined  to  proceed  to  the  attack  of  the  chasse- 


1803.]  CAPTURE   OF    A    CHASSE-llAREE.  60 

maree,  then  about  four  miles  distant  ;  and  calling  for 
volunteers,  John  Marks,  boatswain,  and  three  men  came 
forward,  and  with  this  crew,  which  was  as  many  as  the  boat 
would  contain,  she  put  off  from  the  cutter.  The  chasse- 
maree,  meantime,  was  making  use  of  her  sweeps,  and  before 
the  boat,  after  a  two  hours'  pull,  could  overtake  her,  had  run 
ashore  under  a  battery.  As  a  further  protection  to  the 
French  vessel,  thirty  soldiers  were  drawn  up  on  the  beach. 
Nothing  daunted  by  the  formidable  array,  Lieutenant  Rowed 
and  his  four  followers  boarded  the  chasse-maree — her  crew 
offering  very  little  resistance,  and  quitting  the  vessel  with  all 
speed ;  but  as  soon  as  the  French  crew  had  left,  the  soldiers 
opened  a  fire  of  musketry.  As  a  cover  from  this  fire,  the 
British  crew  hoisted  the  vessel's  foresail,  but  the  halyards 
were  quickly  shot  away,  and  the  crew  exposed  to  the  aim  of 
the  soldiers.  After  much  exertion — the  rising  tide  assisting 
— the  prize  was  got  off,  and  taken  in  tow  by  the  boat ;  but 
had  scarcely  cleared  the  land,  when  a  French  boat,  containing 
an  officer  and  nine  armed  men,  suddenly  made  her  appear- 
ance alongside.  The  boatswain,  who,  with  the  lieutenant 
and  three  men,  was  in  the  boat  ahead  towing,  observing  the 
French  boat,  dropped  his  oar,  and  in  an  instant  was  on  the 
deck  of  the  prize,  unarmed ;  but  by  his  menacing  attitude 
contrived  to  keep  the  French  crew  from  boarding,  until 
Lieutenant  Rowed,  with  the  remaining  men,  could  come  to 
his  assistance  with  muskets.  The  French,  finding  they  could 
not  regain  possession  of  the  chasse-maree  without  more 
trouble  than  they  anticipated,  quitted  her,  and  the  vessel, 
notwithstanding  she  was  repeatedly  fired  at  by  the  battery, 
was  carried  off  in  triumph  by  the  gallant  captors.  No  less 
than  forty-nine  musket-balls  were  counted"  in  the  sides  and 
spars  of  the  prize,  and  yet  not  one  of  the  boat's  crew  was 
wounded.  Lieutenant  Rowed,  with  that  generosity  which 
is  an  attribute  of  bravery,  stated  the  services  of  John  Marks 
to  the  Admiralty ;  but  not  receiving  from  thence  any  reward, 
he  appealed  to  the  committee  of  the  Patriotic  Fund,  which, 
with  its  usual  liberality,  awarded  the  gallant  fellow  a  silver 
call  and  chain,  and  to  the  lieutenant  himself  a  sword  of  fifty 
guineas'  value ;  but  the  latter,  although  an  officer  of  ten 
years'  standing,  did  not  meet  with  that  promotion  which 
his  intrepidity  so  well  merited. 


70  BOMBARDMENTS   OF   DIEPPE   AND    GRANVILLE.       [1803. 

On  the  14th  of  September,  Captain  Owen,  in  the  Immor- 
tality with  the  bomb-vessels  Perseus  and  Explosion,  Com- 
manders John  Melhuish  and  Robert  Paul,  bombarded  the 
batteries  protecting  the  town  of  Dieppe  from  8h.  a.m.  till 
llh.  30m.  a.m.  The  damage  done  was  not  considerable,  and 
the  British  had  five  men  wounded  and  one  missing.  A 
simultaneous  attack  was  made  upon  Granville  by  Rear- 
Admiral  Sir  James  Saumarez,  whose  nag  was  flying  on  board 
the  18-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Cerberus,  Captain  William 
Selby.  The  squadron  in  company  consisted  of  the  sloops  of 
war  Charwell  and  Kite,  Commanders  Philip  Dumaresq  and 
Philip  Pipon,  and  Ealing  schooner,  Lieutenant  William 
Archbold.  The  bomb-vessels  Sulphur  and  Terror,  Com- 
manders Donald  McLeod  and  George  N.  Hardinge,  subse- 
quently joined,  and  on  the  15th  of  September  the  bombard- 
ment commenced,  and  lasted  from  5h.  till  lOh.  30m.  a.m., 
when  the  falling  tide  obliged  the  squadron  to  haul  off. 

On  the  20th  of  September,  at  5h.  p.m.,  the  hired  cutter 
Princess  Augusta,  armed  with  eight  4-pounders  and  twenty- 
six  men,  Lieutenant  James  Woodward  Scott,  being  off  the 
Texel,  was  attacked  by  the  Dutch  schooners  Faust,  of  twelve 
guns  and  seventy  men,  and  Wraak,  of  eight  guns  and  fifty 
men.  The  largest  schooner  having  closed  with  the  cutter, 
fired  her  broadside,  which  killed  the  boatswain  and  gunner, 
and  mortally  wounded  the  commander  of  the  Princess 
Augusta ;  but  the  cutter  returned  the  fire  with  great  effect, 
and  repulsed  several  attempts  to  board.  The  Wraak  then 
ranged  up  to  leeward  and  also  endeavoured  to  board ;  but 
being  frustrated  on  each  occasion,  after  an  action  of  an  hour, 
the  schooners  hauled  off.  Lieutenant  Scott,  in  his  dying 
moments,  exhorted  the  master,  Joseph  Thomas,  to  fight  the 
cutter  bravely,  and  tell  the  admiral  (Lord  Keith)  that  he 
had  done  his  duty.  His  last  commands  were  obeyed,  and 
the  vessel  preserved  from  capture.  The  total  loss  of  the 
Princess  Augusta  amounted  to  the  commander,  boatswain, 
and  carpenter  killed,  and  two  wounded. 

On  the  27  th  of  September,  in  the  evening,  a  division  of 
sloops  and  bomb-vessels,  under  Commander  Samuel  Jackson, 
of  the  16- gun  ship-sloop  Autumn,  bombarded  Calais  for  some 
hours ;  but  a  north-easterly  gale  obliged  them  to  haul  off. 

On  the  29th  of  September,  the  3C-gun  frigate  Leda,  Cap- 


1803.]      BOATS  OF  ANTELOPE  OFF  THE  TEXEL.         71 

tain  Robert  Honyman,  drove  on  shore  twenty-three  sail  of 
gun -vessels  which  were  attempting  to  escape  from  Calais  to 
Boulogne,  and  the  whole  were  bilged  upon  the  rocks. 

On  the  29th  of  September,  the  launch,  barge,  and  cutter 
belonging  to  the  50-gun  ship  Antelope,  Commodore  Sir 
Sidney  Smith,  were  sent  away  to  reconnoitre  the  enemy's 
fleet  in  the  Texel.  The  boats  were  commanded  by  Lieut.  John 
M.  Hanchett,  assisted  by  ¥m.  C.  C.  Daly  ell,  midshipman. 
At  daylight  the  boats  were  within  half  a  mile  of  the  Dutch 
admiral,  when  two  schooners  and  five  large  gun-vessels  put 
out  to  engage  them.  Lieut.  Hanchett  having  succeeded  in 
drawing  the  gun-vessels  off  the  land  and  out  of  reach  of  the 
schooners,  attacked  the  former,  one  of  which  he  sank,  and  it 
is  supposed  killed  and  wounded  a  great  many  men.  A 
breeze  enabling  the  schooners  to  close  the  gun-boats,  the 
Antelope's  boats  retreated,  the  enemy  continuing  a  running 
fight  until  within  three  miles  of  the  ship.  On  the  24th  of 
October,  the  same  officers  attacked  and  drove  ashore,  under 
Sandfurt,  sixteen  vessels,  and  after  dispersing  the  troops  sent 
for  the  protection  of  the  shipping,  burnt  three  of  the  vessels. 
On  the  28th  and  30th  of  October,  Lieut.  Hanchett  and 
Mr.  Dalyell  similarly  distinguished  themselves  in  the  Ylie 
Passage ;  but  on  the  7th  of  November,  while  serving  in  the 
Experiment  schuyt,  got  aground  in  a  gale  of  wind  near  the 
south-west  end  of  Goree,  and  after  a  gallant  defence  were 
made  prisoners. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  the  18-gun  brig  Atalante,  Com- 
mander Joseph  Ore  Masefield,  drove  ashore  three  French 
merchant  vessels,  under  the  battery  of  the  St.  Gildas,  at  the 
mouth  of  the  river  Pennerf.  The  boats  were  then  sent  in 
under  Lieutenant  John  Hawkins  and  Richard  Burstal,  the 
master,  which  succeeded  in  boarding  the  "vessels  after  much 
resistance  from  a  party  of  soldiers.  As  the  vessels  were 
light,  and  of  no  value,  their  cables  were  cut,  and  they  drifted 
on  the  rocks.  The  boats  then  returned  to  the  brig,  having 
had  one  man  killed  and  two  wounded.  A  sword  of  fifty 
guineas'  value  was  presented  to  Lieut.  Hawkins  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund. 

On  the  26th  of  October,  Lieutenant  Robert  Henderson, 
of  the  18-gun  brig  Osprey,  in  a  boat  with  seventeen  men, 
boarded  the  French   cutter  privateer  Ressource,  mounting 


72  BOATS   OF   BLANCHE   IN   MANCENILLE    BAY.  [1803. 

four  guns,  with  a  crew  of  forty-three  men,  notwithstanding 
the  heavy  fire  which,  on  the  approach  of  the  boats,  was  kept 
up  by  the  cutter.  After  a  sharp  but  ineffectual  resistance, 
the  cutter  was  carried ;  Lieutenant  Henderson  and  four 
seamen  being  wounded.  The  Ressource  had  two  men  killed 
and  twelve  wounded.  Lieutenant  Henderson  was  compli- 
mented by  the  Patriotic  Fund  Committee  with  a  sword  of 
fifty  guineas'  value. 

On  the  31st  of  October,  the  British  hired  armed  cutter 
Admiral  Mitchell,  Lieutenant  Alexander  Shippard,  fought  a 
gallant  action  off  Boulogne  with  a  French  12 -gun  brig  and  an 
armed  sloop,  having  five  vessels  under  convoy,  and  succeeded 
in  driving  the  brig  on  shore.  Four  men  were  wounded  on 
board  the  Admiral  Mitchell,  two  badly.  The  Leda  frigate, 
with  the  sloops  of  war  Lark  and  Harpy,  were  in  sight, 
endeavouring  to  beat  up  to  the  assistance  of  the  cutter. 
A  sword  of  fifty  guineas'  value  was  voted  to  Lieutenant 
Shippard  by  the  Patriotic  Fund,  but  he  received  also  the 
more  acceptable  reward  of  promotion. 

On  the  3rd  of  November,  while  the  36-gun  frigate  Blanche, 
Captain  Zachary  Mudge,  was  lying  at  anchor  off  the  entrance 
of  Mancenille  Bay,  St.  Domingo,  the  French  armed  cutter 
Albion  was  discovered  close  under  the  guns  of  Monte 
Christi,  where  she  was  waiting  with  a  cargo  of  bullocks  for 
the  use  of  the  garrison  at  Cape  Francois.  The  cutter 
mounted  two  4-pounders,  besides  six  swivels  ;  and  her  crew 
numbered  forty-three,  including  officers.  The  fort  mounted 
four  long  24-pounders  and  three  field-pieces,  which  entirely 
commanded  the  cutter.  Captain  Mudge,  deeming  the  posi- 
tion of  the  cutter  to  be  assailable,  despatched  the  ship's 
boats,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  William  Braithwaite, 
in  open  day,  to  endeavour  to  cut  her  out ;  but  the  attack 
was  not  made. 

A  night  expedition  was  then  proposed,  and  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Edward  Nicolls  volunteered  with  one  boat  to 
make  the  attempt.  This  offer  was  accepted,  and  the  red 
cutter,  with  thirteen  men,  himself  included,  put  off  from  the 
frigate  ;  but  Captain  Mudge,  fearing  that  the  courage  of 
Lieutenant  Nicolls  might  induce  him  to  overrate  his 
strength,  despatched  after  him  the  barge,  in  which  were 
twenty-two  men,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  the  Hon. 


1803.]  GALLANTRY   OF    LIEUTENANT   NICOLLS.  73 

Warwick  Lake.  The  barge  joined,  but  subsequently  sepa- 
rated,, and  Lieutenant  Nicolls  proceeded  alone  in  the  exe- 
cution of  the  project.  At  about  2h.  40m.  a.m.,  on  the  4th, 
the  red  cutter  arrived  within  hail  of  the  Albion,  and  was 
challenged,  to  which  the  daring  crew  responded  with  three 
hearty  cheers,  and  dashed  on  at  the  enemy,  round,  grape, 
and  musket  shot  ploughing  up  the  water  about  the  boat, 
and  whistling  over  the  men's  heads.  By  the  second  volley 
of  musketry,  the  coxswain  and  two  others  were  severely 
wounded  ;  but  before  a  third  could  be  fired,  Nicolls  and  his 
gallant  band  had  gained  a  footing  on  the  Albion's  deck. 
A  fierce  struggle  ensued.  The  lieutenant  was  badly  wounded, 
and  the  French  captain  killed ;  but  in  a  short  time  the 
French  crew  was  overpowered,  and  driven  below.  Hitherto 
not  a  shot  had  been  discharged  from  the  batteries,  and  in 
order  to  keep  up  the  delusion  that  the  victory  was  undecided, 
Lieutenant  Nicolls  ordered  the  marines  with  him  to  load 
and  fire  as  rapidly  as  possible,  while  the  seamen  employed 
themselves  in  getting  the  cutter  underway.  The  vessel  was 
nearly  under  sail,  when  the  barge,  with  Lieutenant  Lake, 
came  alongside,  and  took  the  command,  and  the  marines 
having  ceased  firing,  the  battery  immediately  opened,  by 
which  two  of  the  Blanche's  crew  were  killed.  Fortunately 
the  breeze  freshened  off  the  land,  and  the  cutter  was 
quickly  out  of  gun-shot,  without  suffering  any  further  loss. 
The  particulars  of  this  gallant  affair  not  having  been  fully 
stated,  the  committee  at  Lloyd's  awarded  two  swords — one 
of  £50  value  to  Lieutenant  Lake,  and  the  other  of  £30  to 
Lieutenant  Nicolls — in  reward  for  their  gallantry.  The 
wounds  of  Lieutenant  Nicolls  were  both  jmnful  and 
dangerous.  A  musket-ball  struck  his  belly,  and,  by  the 
resistance  of  the  integuments,  was  passed  round,  and  came 
out  at  his  right  side,  and  lodged  in  the  fleshy  part  of  his 
arm ;  and  yet  his  name  was  not  returned  in  the  official 
letter  as  among  the  wounded. 

On  the  same  morning  the  launch  of  the  Blanche,  with, 
twenty-eight  men,  under  the  command  of  John  Smith, 
master's  mate,  attacked  a  French  schooner  mounting  a  long 
8-pounder  and  manned  with  thirty  men,  as  she  was  coming- 
out  of  the  Caracol  Passage,  and,  after  an  obstinate  resistance, 
carried   her,  after  she  had  lost    one    man  killed  and  five 


74  GALLANT   CONDUCT   OF  A  MIDSHIPMAN.  [1803. 

wounded.  The  launch  had  one  man  killed  and  two 
wounded.  Mr.  Smith  being  promoted,  the  naval  medal  has 
been  granted  to  the  survivors  of  his  boat's  crew ;  but  no 
such  mark  of  distinction  has  been  conferred  on  those  who 
served  the  same  morning  in  the  "  red  cutter." 

On  the  7th  of  November,  Edward  Henry  A'Court,  mid- 
shipman, of  the  Blanche,  was  sent  in  a  cutter,  with  seven 
seamen  and  marines,  to  obtain  sand  for  the  use  of  the  ship. 
In  the  evening,  on  her  return,  the  boat  fell  in  with  a 
schooner  lying  nearly  becalmed,  which  she  pulled  towards, 
and  apprehensive  that  she  was  a  privateer,  cautiously  kept 
in  her  wake.  Just  as  they  got  under  her  stern,  a  fire 
of  musketry  from  the  schooner  mortally  wounded  one,  and 
severely  wounded  another  of  the  boat's  crew.  Mr.  A'Court 
nevertheless  pulled  up  alongside,  and  with  his  five  remaining 
men,  boarded  and  carried  the  schooner,  although  she  had 
among  her  passengers  a  French  colonel  and  thirty  soldiers. 
A  more  gallant  performance  is  not  on  record. 

On  the  14th  of  November,  a  detachment  of  seamen  and 
marines,  numbering  134  men,  under  the  orders  of  Com- 
mander "William  Ferris,  of  the  14-gun  brig  Drake,  with 
Lieutenants  Thomas  Cole  and  Thomas  Furber,  of  the  74-giui 
ship  Blenheim,  Captain  Thomas  Graves,  and  Lieutenants 
of.  marines  Walter  S.  Boyd  and  George  Beatty,  accompanied 
by  the  Swift  cutter,  proceeded  off  Marine  Harbour,  Marti- 
nique, to  attack  the  French  privateer  schooner  Harmonie, 
at  anchor  within.  The  marines  landed  and  surprised  the 
fort,  taking  fifteen  prisoners,  when  they  dismounted  and 
spiked  the  guns  and  blew  up  the  magazine.  The  boats  were 
fired  upon  as  they  approached  the  schooner,  but  she  was 
boarded  and  carried  in  a  few  minutes.  The  Harmonie 
mounted  eight  guns,  and  out  of  her  crew  of  sixty-six  men, 
had  two  killed  and  fourteen  wounded.  The  British  loss 
amounted  to  one  man  killed  and  five  wounded.  Swords 
valued  at  fifty  guineas  each  were  presented  by  the  Patriotic 
Fund  to  the  officers  employed  on  this  service. 

On  the  30th  of  November,  the  French  squadron,  with  the 
troops  under  General  Rocambeau,  evacuated  Cape  Francois, 
-St.  Domingo,  and  by  the  terms  of  their  capitulation  the 
French  ships  in  that  port  were  to  be  surrendered  to  the 


1803.]       LIEUTENANT   WILLOUGHBY   AT   CAPE   FRANCOIS.  75 

British  squadron1  as  soon  as  they  quitted  the  harbour.  The 
40-gun  frigate  Surveillante  was  taken  possession  of  accord- 
ingly ;  but  the  Clorinde,  in  coming  out,  grounded  on  the 
rocks  under  Fort  St.  Joseph,  and  beat  off  her  rudder,  and 
her  situation  became  so  desperate  from  the  heavy  sea 
breaking  on  the  rocks,  that  the  boats  which  had  been  sent 
to  her  assistance  were  returning  to  the  squadron.  At  this 
time  the  Clorinde  had  on  board  nearly  900  souls.  Among 
the  boats  present  was  the  Hercule's  launch,  containing  forty 
men,  under  Lieutenant,  Nesbit  Josiah  Willoughby,  who, 
anxious  to  rescue  the  unfortunate  creatures  from  the  certain 
death  that  awaited  them,  either  by  perishing  in  the  ship,  or 
being  murdered  by  the  blacks  on  shore,  put  back  towards 
the  Clorinde.  As  he  approached,  he  found  the  side  of  the 
ship  crowded  with  men,  anxious  to  jump  into  the  launch ; 
and  knowing  that  if  he  approached  nearer,  this  mass  of 
human  beings  would  leap  into  the  boat  and  swamp  her,  he 
procured  a  small  punt,  in  which  he  alone  embarked,  ordering 
the  launch  to  lay  off  on  her  oars.  Lieutenant  Willoughby, 
having  reached  the  Clorinde,  proposed  to  General  Lapoype 
to  haul  down  the  French  flag,  and  surrender  the  ship  to  him. 
This,  after  some  little  hesitation,  was  acceded  to,  and  the 
British  colours  hoisted.  Lieutenant  Willoughby  then,  with 
some  difficulty,  landed,  and  having  obtained  an  interview 
with  General  Dessalines,  gained  from  him  a  promise  of 
assistance  to  enable  him  to  get  the  ship  afloat,  or,  in  case  of 
her  destruction,  protection  for  the  crew,  who  were  in  that 
case  to  be  considered  as  British  prisoners.  With  the 
assistance  from  the  shore,  and  the  arrival  of  some  boats 
from  the  British  squadron,  together  with  the  falling  of  the 
wind,  Lieutenant  Willoughby  succeeded  in  heaving  the 
Clorinde  off  the  rocks.  Thus,  by  the  humane  and  uncommon 
exertions  of  one  officer,  a  great  many  lives  were  undoubtedly 
preserved.  The  Clorinde  being  a  fine  frigate,  was,  with  the 
Surveillante,  added  to  the  British  navy. 

1  See  page  66. 


76  THE   DIAMOND    ROCK.  [1804 


1804. 

Towards  the  close  of  the  preceding  year  the  British 
74-gun  ship  Centaur,  Captain  Murray  Maxwell,  bearing  the 
broad  pendant  of  Commodore  Samuel  Hood,  was  cruising 
off  Fort  Royal  Bay,  Martinique,  watching  the  port  and 
endeavouring  to  intercept  vessels  entering  or  comiug  out. 
At  the  distance  of  rather  less  than  a  mile  from  the  south- 
west end  of  Martinique,  called  Diamond  Point,  stands  the 
Diamond  Rock,  the  height  of  which  is  about  600  feet,  the 
circumference  less  than  a  mile,  and  in  shape  very  similar  to 
a  haystack.  The  west  side  of  the  rock  is  alone  accessible, 
it  presenting  on  the  other  sides  a  perpendicular  surface  from 
within  a  few  feet  of  its  summit,  and  on  the  west  side  a 
heavy  surf  breaks  at  most  times,  which  renders  landing 
impracticable.  After  landing,  the  difficulties  are  great,  and 
the  person  has  to  creep  through  crannies  and  over  dangerous 
steeps  until  reaching  the  north-west  side  of  the  rock,  where 
the  eye  is  suddenly  relieved  by  a  sloping  grove  of  wild 
figtrees.  Commodore  Hood,  finding  that  vessels  frequently 
eluded  him  by  passing  between  the  Diamond  Rock  and  the 
mainland,  determined  to  take  possession  of  and  fortify  it, 
making  it  at  the  same  time  a  sort  of  depot  or  stationary 
ship  of  war,  from  whence  boats  could  be  detached  to  harass 
the  enemy's  trade. 

In  the  month  of  January,  a  landing  was  effected,  and  in 
an  inconceivably  short  space  of  time,  but  after  a  work  of 
unparalleled  labour,  five  of  the  Centaur's  guns — three  24 
and  two  18-pounders — were  mounted  on  different  parts  of 
this  stupendous  castle.  One  of  the  24-pounders,  fitted  upon 
a  circular  carriage,  commanded  the  landing-place,  ranging 
almost  to  the  Bay  of  Marin  ;  another  was  mounted  upon 
the  north-east  side,  and  the  third  24-pounder  half-way  up 
the  rock.  Upon  the  summit,  which  commands  an  extensive 
range,  the  18-pounders  were  placed.  The  rock  being  thus 
fortified,  and  a  sufficient  store  of  ammunition  supplied,  Lieu- 


1804.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE   CURIEUX.  77 

tenant  James  Wilkes  Maurice,  of  the  Centaur,  with  the 
rank  of  commander,  and  a  crew  of  120  men  and  hoys,  for 
which  a  four  months'  supply  of  provisions  and  water  was 
landed,  hoisted  his  pendant  on  the  "  British  sloop  of  war 
Diamond  Rock." 

On  the  evening  of  the  3rd  of  February,  four  of  the 
Centaur's  boats,  containing  sixty  seamen  and  twelve  marines, 
under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  Robert  Carthew  Reynolds, 
were  sent  to  attempt  the  capture  of  the  French  16-gun 
brig  Curieux,  Captain  Cordier,  lying  at  anchor  near  the 
entrance  of  Fort  Royal,  Martinique.  Every  precaution  had 
been  adopted  to  prevent  a  surprise,  and  at  about  lh.  a.m.  on 
the  4th,  the  Centaur's  boats,  on  their  approach,  were  hailed 
by  the  Curieux,  and  some  guns  and  musketry  discharged. 
The  British  marines  quickly  returned  the  fire,  and  the  boats 
having  got  alongside,  attempted  to  board.  Lieutenant 
Reynolds,  finding  the  brig's  boarding-netting  triced  up  fore 
and  aft,  which  he  was  unable  to  surmount,  dropped  astern, 
but  in  defiance  of  a  galling  fire  of  musketiy  and  swivels,  at 
length  succeeded  with  his  crew  in  getting  on  board.  After 
a  very  determined  resistance  the  Curieux  was  carried,  and 
her  cables  being  cut,  she  stood  out  of  Fort  Royal  harbour, 
under  a  heavy  fire  from  the  batteries  at  the  entrance. 
Lieutenants  Reynolds  and  George  E.  B.  Bettesworth,  John 
Treacy,  midshipman,  and  six  seamen,  were  wounded ;  but  Lieu- 
tenant Reynolds  was  severely  injured.  This  gallant  officer, 
who  was  promoted  and  appointed  to  command  the  prke, 
did  not  survive  to  enjoy  the  honours  he  had  won.  The 
Curieux's  loss,  out  of  a  crew  of  seventy  men,  amounted 
to  ten  killed  and  thirty  wounded,  including  all  but  one  of 
her  officers.  Swords,  value  fifty  guineas,  were  voted  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund  to  Lieutenants  Reynolds  and  Bettesworth ; 
and  the  naval  medal  has  been  recently  granted  to  the 
survivors. 

On  the  5th  of  February,  the  12-gun  schooner  Eclair, 
commanded  by  Lieutenant  "William  Carr,  while  cruising 
about  sixty  leagues  to  the  northward  of  Tortola,  fell  in  with 
the  French  22-gun  privateer  ship  Grand  Decide,  and  after 
a  very  close  and  gallant  action,  which  lasted  thirty  minutes, 
the  ship  made  all  sail  away.  The  Eclair,  out  of  about  sixty 
men  and  boys,  in  this  most  unequal  contest,  had  one  killed 


78 


DANCE  AND   LINOIS. 


[1804. 


and  four  wounded,  with  her  rigging  cut  ^  P^^ 
masts    and   yards   damaged.     The   crew   of    the    pnvateei 
numbered  220  ;  but  her  loss,  which  must  have  been  severe, 
"Tot  known.  'The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  ^*^*  ^ 
a  sword  valued  at  fifty  guineas ;  and  a  piece  of  plate  of  the 
same  value  was  presented  to  Mr.  Salmon,  the  master,  for 
the  gallant  conduct  evinced  by  him,  in  cuttrng  out  a  French 
privateer  on  the  4th  of  the  succeeding  month 
1    On  the  31st  of  January,  the  India  fleet,  of  sixteen  sail  of 
first-class  ships,  sailed  from  China  for  Europe      Th^ship 
were  from  1,200  to  1,500  tons,  mounting  thirty  or  thirty-ax 
gun  ,  w^n  crews  averaging  100  men  each  exclusive  of  Indian 
sailors.     But  although  armed  with  thirty  guns,  few,  if  any 
of  the  ships  were  calculated  to  contend  with  a  corvette ,  foi 
their  ports  were  so  small,  that  the  guns  could  only  be  fired 
at   an   object   immediately   abeam,    and   these   were   short 
18-pounders,  not  much  more  effective  than  carronades  of  the 
samPe  calibre;  in  fact,  the  armament  of  the  India* ,  sbrp 
served  only  to  deter  small  privateers  and  piratical  Malays 
from  attacking  them.     But  their  appearan ce  ^s  verv  wart- 
like •  for  being  lofty  ships,  well-rigged  and  painted  with  two 
tos  of  ports!  they,  at  a  distance,  might  easily  have  been 
taken  for  line-of-battle  ships  ;  and,  as  we  have  already  seen, 
a  lar-e  French  frigate  was  so  misled  by  this  appearance, 
as  to&strlke  to  one§  without  firing  a  shot.*     The  fleet  con- 
sisted of  the  following  :— 


Earl  Camden Nat.  Dance 

Warley   Hen.  Wilson 

Alfred •  •  Jas.  Farqubarson 

Koyal  George    ...J.  F.  Timmins 

Coutts Robert  Tounn 

Wexford     .W.  S.  Clarke 

Ganges   .  .  - ,Wm.  Moffatt 

Exeter Hen.  Meriton        | 


Abergavenny  J.  Wordswortb 

Addington J.  Kirkpatnck 

Bombay  Castle    .  .  Arcb.  Hamilton 

Cumberland W.  W.  Fairer 

Hope J-  Pendergrass 

Dorsetsbire B.  H.  Brown 

W  Hastings    Tbos.  Larkms 

Ocean -  .-.J-  C.  Lochner 


There  were  also  eleven  country  ships,  two  other  merchant 
ships,  and  the  Company's  armed  brig  Ganges. 

On  the  14th  of  February,  at  8h.  a.m.,  the  fleet  being  off 

Pulo  Auro,  discovered  four  strange  sail  to  leeward,  beating 

south-west ;  and  Captain  Dance,  who,  as  the  senior  captain, 

hoisted  a  commodore's  broad  pendant,  directed  the  Alfred, 

1  See  page  12,  ante. 


1804.]  EEPULSE   OF   LINOIS.  79 

Royal  George,  Bombay  Castle,  and  Hope,  to  bear  up  and 
reconnoitre  the  strangers.     The  Ganges  also  stood  towards 
the  strangers,  which  in  a  short  time  were  made  out  to  be  a 
squadron   of   one   line-of- battle  ship,  three  frigates,  and  a 
brig.     These  composed  Rear-Adiniral  Linois'  squadron  and 
were  the  74-gun  ship  Marengo,  40-gun  frigate  Belle  Poule 
36-gun   frigate   Semillante,    22-gun   corvette   Berceau,   and 
16-gun  brig  Aventurier.       This   squadron  had  sailed  from 
Batavia  purposely  to  intercept  the  China  fleet,  and  on  per- 
ceiving the  British  ships,  hauled  close  to  the  wind  and  made  sail 
towards  them.    Having  recalled  his  ships,  Commodore  Dance 
made  the  signal  for  a  line-of-battle  in  close  order,  steering 
their  proper  course  under  easy  sail,  and  by  nightfall  thS 
French  squadron  was  on  the  weather  quarter  of  the  British 
fleet.      Commodore   Dance  disposed  his  ships  in  the  best 
possible  order  for  defence,  placing  the  country  ships  on  the 
lee  bow  of  the  armed  ships ;  and  then  hove  to  for  the  night 
and  hoisting  lights,   boldly  awaited   the  approach  of   the 
enemy.     The  French  admiral,  however,  appeared  little  in- 
clined to  attack,  probably  fearing  that  among  the  East-India 
ships  were  ships  of  war ;  and  consequently,  at  daylight  on 
the  following  morning,  the  French  squadron  was  about  three 
miles  to  windward,  also  lying  to.     Commodore  Dance  observ- 
ing, at  9h.  a.m.,  that  the  French  made  no  hostile  demonstra- 
tion, filled  and  made  sail  on  the  starboard  tack,  and  hoisted 
his  colours,  upon  which  the  French  squadron  edged  off  the 
wind,  and  stood  towards  the  British. 

At  lh.  p.m.,  observing  that  the  intention  of  the  French 
admiral  was  to  cut  off  the  rear  of  the  British,  Commodore 
Dance  made  the  signal  for  his  fleet  to  tack  in  succession,  and 
to  edge  off  the  wind  to  windward  of  the  British  rear,  and 
engage  the  enemy  on  arriving  up.  This  skilful  manoeuvre 
was  performed  with  the  correctness  of  a  well-disciplined 
fleet,  the  Royal  George  leading,  followed  closely  by  the 
Ganges,  Earl  Camden,  Warley,  Alfred,  and  others.  In  this 
manner  the  British  ships,  with  a  light  air  of  wind  and  top- 
gallant-sails set,  approached  the  enemy.  At  lh.  15m.  the 
xMarengo  opened  fire  upon  the  Royal  George  and  Ganges," 
which  the  latter  returned  in  a  very  spirited  manner.  The 
Koyal  George  was  engaged  nearly  forty  minutes  ;  the  Ganges 
and  other  ships  were  also  engaged  as  they  arrived  up,  but  for 


80  BOATS   OF   THE   BLENHEIM   AT    ST.    PIERRE.  [1804. 

a  shorter  period  than  the  Royal  George ;  and  after  the  action 
had  lasted  forty-three  minutes,  the  Marengo  and  consorts 
ceased  firing,  hauled  to  the  wind,  and  made  sail  away.  Com- 
modore Dance  immediately  made  the  signal  for  a  general 
chase,  but  without  any  prospect  of  success  ;  it,  however,  had 
the  effect  of  scaring  away  the  French  admiral  from  the  rich 
booty  which  a  perseverance  in  the  attack  must  have  put  into 
his  possession. 

The  Royal  George,  in  her  gallant  encounter,  had  only  one 
man  killed  and  one  wounded ;  but  several  shot  had  struck 
her  hull,  and  her  sails  and  rigging  were  much  cut.  No  other 
ship  received  any  material  damage,  and  the  French  squadron 
none.  If  ever  a  French  admiral  was  frightened  from  his 
prey,  it  was  Linois  ;  but  it  was  only  the  great  skill  and  bold 
front  which  Dance  so  wisely  maintained  throughout,  that 
preserved  every  ship  from  capture.  Commodore  Dance 
received  distinguished  marks  of  approbation  from  all  quar- 
ters ;  not  the  least  valued  of  which  was  the  honour  of 
knighthood,  bestowed  upon  him  by  Ins  sovereign.  Lieutenant 
Robert  M.  Fowler,  of  the  Royal  Navy,  who  was  taking 
a  passage  to  England  in  the  Royal  George,  afforded  valuable 
assistance  on  the  occasion.  The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  him  a 
sword,  valued  at  fifty  guineas,  and  to  each  of  the  captains  of 
the  East-Indiamen,  swords  of  the  same  value,  but  to  Com- 
modore Dance,  a  sword,  value  100  guineas. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  two  boats  belonging  to  the  74-gun 
ship  Blenheim,  Captain  William  Ferris,  containing  fifty 
officers  and  men,  under  Lieutenant  Thomas  Furber,  made  a 
gallant  attack  upon  the  French  national  schooner  Curieuse, 
which  was  moored  under  a  batteiy  at  the  town  of  St.  Pierre. 
The  schooner  was  fully  prepared  for  resistance,  having  a 
boarding-netting  triced  up  to  her  mastheads,  and  her  sweeps 
rigged  out  on  each  side  ;  but  the  boats'  crews,  notwithstand- 
ing a  heavy  fire  from  the  schooner  and  neighbouring  forts, 
boarded  and  earned  her,  after  a  very  hard  struggle.  As  soon 
as  the  cables  were  cut,  the  schooner  swang  round,  and 
orounded  on  the  beach,  and  it  was  then  discovered  that  shei 
was  moored  to  the  shore,  by  a  chain  under  the  bottom. 
Lieutenant  Furber  was  therefore  compelled  to  abandon  the 
prize  his  gallantly  had  won,  and  returned  to  the  ship  with 


1804.]  CAPTURE    OF   THE   MOSAMBIQUE,    ETC.  81 

the  loss  of  three  killed,  five  officers  and  fourteen  men 
wounded;,  and  three  missing. 

On  the  13th  of  March,  Lieutenant  Thomas  Forrest,  with 
thirty  volunteers  from  the  36-gun  frigate  Emerald,  Captain 
James  O'Brien,  embarked  on  board  the  armed  sloop  Fort 
Diamond,  and  proceeded  to  attack  the  French  10-gun  priva- 
teer schooner  Mosambique,  lying  under  some  guns  at  Seron, 
just  within  the  Pearl  Rock,  at  the  western  extremity  of 
Martinique.  The  sloop  ran  the  schooner  aboard  with  such 
violence,  that  the  chain  by  which  the  latter  was  secured  to 
the  shore  was  broken  ;  Lieutenant  Forrest  and  his  men  then 
sprang  on  board,  and  most  of  the  schooner's  crew,  sixty  in 
number,  fled  to  the  shore.  Mr.  Hall,  master's  mate,  and  one 
seaman  were  wounded.  A  sword,  valued  at  fifty  guineas,  was 
presented  to  Lieutenant  Forrest  by  the  Patriotic  Fund,  in 
acknowledgement  of  his  gallantry. 

On  the  14th  of  March,  two  boats  of  the  14-gun  brig- 
Drake  were  sent  under  the  orders  of  the  master,  William 
Robson,  to  board  a  ship,  mounting  eighteen  guns,  which  had 
been  chased  and  driven  on  shore  by  the  Drake,  near  some 
batteries  at  the  Hayes,  Guadaloupe.  As  the  boats  approached, 
the  vessel  was  deserted  by  the  crew,  and  half  an  hour  after- 
wards (having  been  treacherously  set  on  fire  previously  to 
her  crew  leaving),  blew  up,  killing  a  master's  mate,  three 
seamen,  and  one  marine,  and  mortally  wounding  Mr.  Robson, 
besides  severely  injuring  several  of  the  boat's  crew.  This 
was  the  third  occasion,  within  less  than  a  month,  on  which 
Mr.  Robson  and  his  gallant  companions  had  distinguished 
themselves. 

On  the  17th  of  March,  the  1G -gun  brig  Penguin,  Commander 
George  Morris,  drove  on  shore,  on  the  bar'of  Senegal,  the 
French  privateer  schooner  Renommee,  of  twelve  guns  and 
eighty-seven  men,  winch,  on  the  24th,  was  totally  destroyed 
by  Lieutenant  Charles  Williams  and  a  boat's  crew. 

On  the  23rd  of  March,  the  boats  of  the  3  2 -gun  frigate 
Magicienne,1  Captain  Adam  Mackenzie,  in  command  of 
Lieutenant    James    Boxer,    assisted  by    Lieutenant    Daniel 

1  We  have  been  unable  to  meet  with  any  other  record  of  this  capture 
than  is  to  be  found  in  a  list  of  the  votes  of  the  Patriotic  Fund  Com- 
mittee. 

VOL.  II.  G 


82  CAPTURE  OF  EGYPTIENNE,  ETC.         [1804. 

Barber,  cut  out  the  Dutch  gun-boat  Schrik  :    the  Patriotic 
Fiuid  Committee  voted  to  each  a  sword,  value  fifty  guineas. 

On  the  23rd  of  March,  the  18-gun  ship-sloop  Osprey,  Com- 
mander George  Younghusband,  cruising  on  the  Windward 
Island  station,  chased  the  French  12-pounder  36-gun  privateer 
Egyptienne,  and  arriving  within  hail  commenced  an  action, 
which  was  continued  with  the  utmost  gallantry  for  one  hour 
and  twenty  minutes,  when  the  Egyptienne  sheered  off,  and 
before  dark  was  out  of  sight.  The  Osprey  had  one  man 
killed  and  sixteen  wounded.  The  privateer,  out  of  248  men 
and  boys,  had  eight  killed  and  nineteen  wounded.  Two  days 
afterwards,  the  Egyptienne  was  chased  by  the  12-pounder 
14-gun  ship-sloop  Hippomenes,  Commander  Conway  Shipley, 
and  after  a  pursuit  of  fifty- four  hours,  and  a  running  fight 
of  three  horns  and  twenty  minutes,  hauled  down  her  colours 
and  was  taken  possession  of.  On  board  the  Hippomenes, 
John  Lloyd,  master's  mate,  was  wounded.  The  Egyptienne 
had  formerly  been  the  national  frigate  Railleuse,  and  measured 
850  tons.  Captain  Shipley,  with  his  accustomed  liberality, 
stated  in  his  official  account  of  the  capture,  that  he  attributed 
his  easy  victory  to  the  dread  entertained  on  board  the  Egyp- 
tienne of  being  as  severely  beaten  as  she  had  previously  been 
by  the  Osprey.  Both  commanders  were  deservedly  noticed 
by  the  Patriotic  Fund,  and  a  sword  of  the  value  of  100 
guineas  presented  to  each. 

On  the  24th  of  March,  the  13-gun  bark  Wolverine,  Com- 
mander Henry  Gordon,  on  her  way  to  Newfoundland,  with 
eight  sail  of  convoy,  was  chased  by  the  French  30-gun 
privateer  Blonde.  Captain  Gordon,  directing  the  merchant 
vessels  to  make  the  best  of  their  way  into  port,  stood  towards 
the  stranger,  and  at  4h.  p.m.,  arrived  within  half  gun-shot, 
and  hove  to  on  the  starboard  tack.  The  Blonde  soon  after- 
wards ranged  up  alongside  to  windward,  and  commenced  the 
action,  then  wore  with  the  intention  of  raking  the  Wolverine ; 
but  the  latter,  to  avoid  this,  wore  also.  The  two  vessels 
then  came  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  and  the  action 
continued  uninterruptedly  for  fifty  minutes.  The  Wolverine, 
being  in  that  time  much  shattered,  her  wheel  shot  away,  and 
her  hold  filled  with  water,  hauled  down  her  colours.  Out  of 
a  complement  of  seventy  men  and  boys,  one  midshipman 
and  four  seamen  were  killed,  and  ten  wounded.     The  Blonde 


1804.]  BOARDING  THE  AT AL ANTE.  83 

was  a  frigate-built  ship  of  600  tons,  and  mounted  twenty-four 
long  8-pounders  on  the  main-deck,  and  six  cannonades  on  the 
quarter-deck  and  forecastle,  with  a  crew  of  240  men.  Her 
first  lieutenant  was  mortally,  and  five  men  slightly,  wounded. 

The  prisoners  were  scarcely  removed  from  the  "WolveriDe 
ere  she  sank,  affording  a  convincing  proof  of  her  having  been 
defended  to  the  last  extremity.  Commander  Gordon,  on  his 
return  to  England,  was  tried  by  court-martial,  and  most 
honourably  acquitted,  and  shortly  afterwards  promoted. 

On  the  28th  of  March,  the  18-gun  brig  Scorpion,  Com- 
mander George  Nicholas  Hardinge,  cruising  off  the  Dutch 
coast,  discovered  two  brig-corvettes  lying  in  the  Ylie  Passage, 
at  the  entrance  of  the  Texel.  On  the  31st,  the  14-gun  sloop 
Beaver,  Commander  Charles  Pelly,  joined  company,  and  it 
was  decided  on  to  attempt  the  cutting  out  one  of  the  brigs. 
Accordingly,  at  9h.  30m.  p.m.,  five  boats,  containing  sixty 
officers  and  men,  headed  by  the  two  commanders,  quitted  the 
Scorpion.  About  half-past  ten  they  got  alongside  the  outer- 
most, which  was  the  Dutch  national  brig  Atalante,  mounting 
sixteen  long  12-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  seventy-six  men, 
and  fully  prepared  for  defence,  having  her  boarding-nettings 
triced  up. 

Commander  Hardinge  was  the  first  man  on  her  deck,  but 
was  quickly  supported  by  his  boats'  crews.  The  impetuosity 
of  the  assault  was  such,  that  many  of  the  Dutch  crew  ran. 
below ;  those  who  remained,  however,  fought  desperately,  and 
did  not  surrender  until  the  captain1  and  three  seamen  were 

1  Captain  Hardinge,  in  a  private  letter,  furnishes  several  interesting 
details.  "The  decks,"  he  writes,  "were  slippery  in  consequence  of 
rain,  so  that,  grappling  with  my  first  opponent,  a  mate  of  the  watch,  I 
fell ;  but,  recovering  my  position,  fought  him  upon  ^  equal  terms,  and 
killed  him.  I  then  engaged  the  captain,  as  brave  a  man  as  any  service 
ever  boasted  :  he  had  almost  killed  one  of  my  seamen.  To  my  shame 
be  it  spoken,  he  disarmed  me,  and  was  on  the  point  of  killing  me,  when, 
a  seaman  of  mine"  (as  Captain  Hardinge  thought  at  the  time,  but  it  was 
Mr.  Williams,  the  master)  "  came  up  and  rescued  me,  and  enabled  me  to 
recover  my  sword.  At  this  time  all  the  men  from  the  boats  had  boarded, 
and  were  in  possession  of  the  deck.  Two  men  were  going  to  fall  upon 
the  captain  at  once.  I  ran  up,  held  them  back,  and  then  adjured  him 
to  accept  quarter.  With  inflexible  heroism  he  disdained  the  gift,  kept 
us  at  bay,  and  compelled  us  to  kill  him.  He  fell  covered  with  honour- 
able wounds."  Captain  Carp  was  buried  with  all  the  respect  which  his 
bravery  merited,  and  the  prisoners  were  all  put  on  shore. — Naval 
Chronicle,  vol.  xx. 

g2 


84  WILHELMINA   AND    PSYCHE.  [1804. 

killed,  and  three  officers  and  eight  seamen  wounded.  Lieu- 
tenant Buckland  S.  Bluett,  Woodford  Williams,  master, 
Edmund  Jones,  midshipman,  and  two  seamen,  all  of  the 
Scorpion,  were  wounded.  A  heavy  gale  coming  on  the  next 
morning,  the  British  were  obliged  to  remain  forty-eight  hours 
before  they  could  weigh  ;  but  at  length,  after  three  days' 
perseverance  in  the  intricate  channel,  the  Atalante  was 
brought  off.  Captain  Hardinge  was  for  his  gallantry  posted 
into  the  Proselyte,  and  Lieutenant  Bluett  made  a  commander. 
Swords,  each  of  100  guineas'  value,  were  presented  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund  to  Commanders  Hardinge  and  Pelly,  and  of 
fifty  guineas'  value  to  Lieutenants  Bluett,  William  Shields, 
and  Edward  White.  Robert  Fair,  master  of  the  Beaver,  and 
James  Puckinghorn  (or  Polkinghorn),  master's  mate,  were 
similarly  noticed  for  their  gallantry.  This  is  a  naval  medal 
action. 

On  the  3rd  of  April,  the  hired  armed  cutter  Swift,  Lieu- 
tenant William  M.  Leake,  was  captured  after  a  severe 
struggle  (in  which  the  commander  and  several  men  were 
killed)  by  the  French  xebeck  privateer  Esperance,  of  greatly 
superior  force.  The  Swift  had  despatches  from  England  for 
Lord  Nelson  off  Toulon,  but  which  were  destroyed  prior  to 
the  cutter's  capture. 

On  the  9th  of  April,  the  Wilhelmina,  armed  en-flute, 
mounting  eighteen  long  9 -pounders,  one  12 -pounder  car- 
ronade,  and  two  long  G-pounders,  Commander  Henry  Lam- 
bert, bound  to  Madras,  and  accompanied  by  a  country  ship 
valuably  laden,  discovered  a  large  sail  in  chase.  Captain 
Lambert  immediately  directed  the  merchant  ship  to  part 
company,  and  make  the  best  of  her  way  to  Trincomale. 
The  stranger  was  the  French  3  2 -gun  frigate  privateer 
Psyche,  Captain  Trogoff,  and  on  the  11th,  at  daylight,  the 
Wilhelinina  hoisted  her  colours  and  tacked  towards  her,  and 
passing  on  opposite  tacks,  the  Wilhelmina  to  windward,  an 
engagement  commenced.  The  Wilhelmina  then  wore,  and 
passed  under  the  stern  of  the  Psyche,  raking  her  with  effect ; 
but  after  much  clever  manoeuvring  on  both  sides,  and  a  close 
and  spirited  action,  which  lasted  one  hour  and  a  half,  the 
Psyche  made  sail  away,  leaving  the  British  ship  with  her 
main-topmast  gone,  and  otherwise  too  disabled  for  pursuit. 
Out  of  a  complement  of  134  men  and  boys,  the  Wilhelmina 


1804.]  VINCEGO   AND    FRENCH    FLOTILLA.  8-5 

had  her  boatswain  and  three  men  mortally,  and  six  seamen 
slightly,  wounded.  The  crew  of  the  Psyche  numbered  250, 
of  whom  her  second  captain  and  ten  men  were  killed,  and 
her  captain  (dangerously)  and  thirty-two  men  wounded. 
Captain  Lambert  was  deservedly  posted,  and  appointed  to  the 
32-gun  frigate  Terpsichore. 

On  the  1st  of  May,  the  boats  of  the  troop-ship  Thisbe, 
Commander  Lewis  Shepheard,  in  charge  of  Lieutenant 
Eobert  Corner,  captured  the  privateer  Veloce,  the  circum- 
stances attending  which  were  considered  by  the  committee 
of  the  Patriotic  Fund  to  merit  a  reward  of  fifty  guineas  ;  but 
no  official  report  of  the  affair  is  to  be  met  with. 

On  the  8th  of  May,  the  18-gun  brig  Vincego,  Commander 
John  Westley  Wright,  lying  becalmed  at  the  entrance  of 
the  Morbihan,  on  the  coast  of  Bretagne,  and  while  endea- 
vouring to  sweep  out  against  the  current,  was  attacked  by  a 
French  flotilla,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Tourneur,  consist- 
ing of  six  brigs,  each  mounting  two  long  18  and  one 
24-pounder,  with  seventy  men  ;  six  luggers,  mounting  each 
two  18-pounders,  with  from  forty  to  fifty  men;  and  .five 
luggers,  each  armed  with  a  brass  36  lb.  howitzer,  and  from 
twenty  to  thirty  men  :  total,  thirty-five  guns,  and  700  men. 
At  8h.  30m.  a.m.  the  gun-vessels  opened  their  fire,  gaining 
rapidly  on  the  Vincego.  At  9h.  30m.,  the  brig  opened  her 
broadside  upon  her  numerous  and  powerful  foes,  which  she 
continued  to  engage  nearly  two  hours  within  musket-shot. 
By  this  time  the  Vincego  was  very  much  disabled  aloft,  had 
three  guns  dismounted,  and  out  of  fifty-one  men  and  twenty- 
four  boys,  two  were  killed,  and  twelve  wounded,  including 
the  captain.  Finding  further  resistance  unavailing,  the 
British  colours  were  hauled  down.1 

On  the  16th  of  May,  a  division  of  prames  and  gun-boats, 
under  Rear- Admiral  Ver  Huell,  from  Flushing,  bound  to 
Ostend,  mounting  together  upwards  of  100  guns,  long  28, 

1  The  French  commander,  on  receiving  the  sword  from  Captain 
Wright,  thus  addressed  him: — "You  have  nobly  defended  the  honour 
of  your  nation  and  the  reputation  of  your  profession.  We  love  and 
esteem  the  brave  ;  and  you  and  your  crew  shall  be  treated  with  every 
possible  attention."  The  subsequent  murder  of  Captain  Wright,  in  the 
Temple,  at  Paris,  served  as  a  melancholy  answer  to  the  French  officer's 
speech. 


36  HIPPOMENES   AND   BONAPARTE.  [1804. 

24  and  36-pounders  and  mortars,  having  about  5,000  men, 
was  attacked  by  a  squadron  of  frigates  and  sloops  under  Sir 
Sidney  Smith.  The  18-gun  brig  Cruiser,  Commander  John 
Hancock,  and  16-gun  sloop  Rattler,  Commander  Francis 
Mason,  particularly  distinguished  themselves,  and  were 
chiefly  instrumental  in  driving  on  shore  the  flag-prame  Yille 
d'Anvers  and  four  schooners.  The  Cruiser  had  one  seaman 
killed,  and  George  Ellis,  captain's  clerk,  and  three  seamen, 
wounded  ;  the  Rattler,  two  men  killed,  and  three  wounded  j 
and  the  Aimable,  Mr.  Christie,  master's  mate,  Mr.  Johnson, 
midshipman,  and  five  men,  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  William 
Mather,  William  Shadwell,  purser,  Mr.  Connor,  midshipman, 
and  eleven  men,  wounded. 

On  the  21st  of  June,  the  14-gun  ship-sloop  Hippomenes, 
Commander  Kenneth  Mackenzie,  cruising  off  Antigua,  dis- 
covered to  windward  the  French  8-pounder  18-gun  privateer 
Bonaparte,   which,    deceived   by    her    appearance,    hoisted 
English   colours,   and   chased.     At   lh.   50m.    p.m.,   having 
arrived   within   gun-shot   of  the    Hippomenes,   the    latter 
opened  her  fire,  which  the  privateer  returned.     In  a  short 
time  the  Bonaparte,  being  much  cut  up  in  sails  and  rigging, 
fell  on  board  the  Hippomenes  ;    and  Captain  Mackenzie, 
having  caused  the  privateer's  bowsprit  to  be  lashed  to  the 
mainmast  of  his  ship,  called  to  his  crew  to  follow  him,  and 
gallantly  rushed   on  the  enemy's   forecastle.     The   French 
were  driven  aft,  where  they  rallied  ;  but,  instead  of  having 
been  followed  by  his  crew,  Captain  Mackenzie  found  only 
eighteen  men  with  him,  and  after  a  desperate  struggle  nine 
were  driven  back  to  their  vessel,  their  loss  having  amounted  to 
five  men  killed,  and  Lieutenant  William  Pierce,  and  William 
Collman,  purser,  with  two  seamen,  who  were  left  prisoners 
on  board  the  French  vessel.     Of  the  nine  who  returned  to 
the  Hippomenes  eight  were  wounded,  including  the  captain 
and  master's  mate  severely.     The  lashing  having  parted,  the 
two  ships  separated,  and  the  Bonaparte,  leaving  the  Hippo- 
menes in  a  disabled  state,  made  sail  and  escaped.     Captain 
Mackenzie  received  no  less  than  fourteen  wounds,  and  was 
so  exhausted,  that  he  fell  senseless  into  the  main  chains  of 
his  own  ship. 

On  the  11th  of  July,  at  lOh.  p.m.,  ten  boats  belongmg  to 
the  frigates  Narcissus,  Seahorse,  and  Maidstone,  under  the 


1804.]  BOAT-ACTION,    AND    CAPTURE   OF   LILY.  87 

orders  of  Lieutenant  John  Thompson,  of  the  Narcissus,  with 
Lieutenants  John  Richard  Luniley,  Ogle  Moore,  and  Hyde 
Parker,  mates,  and  Midshipmen  Robert  Maunsell,  Samuel 
Spencer,  William  Walker,  John  George  Victor,  and  —  Ha- 
milton, attacked  twelve  settees,  lying  at  La  Vandour,  in 
Hieres  Bay,  moored  with  chains  to  the  beach,  and  covered 
by  a  battery  of  three  guns.  About  midnight,  under  a  very 
heavy  fire  from  the  settees  and  the  troops  on  shore,  the  vessels 
were  gallantly  boarded,  and  all,  except  one,  which  was  brought 
off,  set  on  fire.  In  this  affair  Thomas  Owen  Roche,  midship- 
man, two  seamen,  and  one  marine,  were  killed  ;  and  Lieu- 
tenant Lumley  (lost  an  arm),  Robert  Maunsell,  mate,  Thomas 
W.  Bedingfield,  Thomas  A.  Watt,  and  John  G.  Victor,  mid- 
shipmen, fifteen  seamen,  and  three  marines,  wounded.  Most 
of  the  above  officers  received  swords  or  other  testimonials 
of  their  gallantry  from  the  Patriotic  Fund. 

On  the  12th  of  July,  the  36-gun  frigate  Aigle,  Captain 
George  Wolfe,  drove  on  shore  and  destroyed  the  French 
20-gun  ship  Charente  and  S-gun  brig  Joie,  close  under  Cor- 
douan  lighthouse. 

On  the  15th  of  July,  at  2h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  14-gun  ship- 
sloop  Lily  (12-pounder  carronades  and  two  4-pounders), 
Commander  William  Compton,  was  chased,  when  off  Cape 
Roman,  in  the  United  States,  by  the  French  privateer  Dame 
Ambert,  mounting  sixteen  long  6-pounders,  commanded  by 
Captain  Charles  Lamarque.  As  the  Lily  was  kept  at  long- 
shot  distance,  her  carronades  were  of  little  use,  and  being 
soon  disabled  in  her  rigging,  the  privateer  closed,  and  taking 
up  a  position  under  her  bows,  after  lashing  the  bowsprit  of 
the  Lily  to  her  tanrail,  made  several  attempts  to  board.  In 
this  raking  position,  the  British  crew,  originally  about  seventy 
men,  suffered  severely,  and  among  the  killed  were  the  cap- 
tain, the  first  lieutenant,  and  several  other  officers.  The 
remainder,  many  of  whom  were  severely  wounded,  and 
among  them  Michael  Head,  master's  mate,  nobly  defended 
the  ship ;  but  two  hours  and  ten  minutes  from  the  commence- 
ment of  the  action,  the  ninth  assault  of  the  French  crew  was 
successful,  and  the  Lily  was  boarded  and  carried.  The  loss 
on  board  the  Dame  Ambert  is  stated  in  the  French  accounts 
at  five  men  killed,  and  eleven  wounded. 

On   the   19th  of  July,  the  squadron  under  Commodore 


88  BOULOGNE    FLOTILLA.  [1804. 

Owen,  in  the  38-gun  frigate  Immortalite,  consisting  besides 
of  the  38-gnn  frigate  Leda,  Captain  Robert  Houyman,  and 
a  great  many  small  vessels,  attacked  a  division  of  gun-vessels 
off  Boulogne,  and  drove  on  shore  three  brigs  and  a  lugger, 
disabling  several  others. 

On  the  31st  of  July,  the  32 -gun  frigate  Tartar,  Captain 
Keith  Maxwell,  being  at  daybreak  to  leeward  of  the  island 
of  Saona,  in  the  West  Indies,  chased  a  schooner,  which,  in 
order  to  escape,  made  for  the  narrow  passage  between  Saona 
and  St.  Domingo.  At  Sh.  a.m.  the  Tartar  had  gained  con- 
siderably in  the  pursuit ;  but  although  repeatedly  fired  at, 
the  chase,  which  was  the  French  privateer  schooner  Hiron- 
delle,  mounting  ten  long  4-pounders,  refused  to  bring  to,  and 
persisted  in  entering  the  channel,  where  she  anchored,  under 
cover  of  a  reef  of  rocks.  The  frigate  being  unable  to  follow 
the  schooner,  Captain  Maxwell  permitted  three  boats  to 
attempt  her  capture  ;  and  these,  commanded  by  Lieutenants 
Henry  Muller  and  Nicholas  Lockyer,  and  manned  by  volun- 
teers, proceeded  on  this  service.  Although  exposed  to  a 
severe  fire,  and  in  the  face  of  a  strong  sea-breeze,  the  boats 
accomplished  their  purpose  with  the  utmost  gallantry,  and 
only  one  seaman  and  one  marine  were  wounded.  The  Hiron- 
delle,  out  of  a  crew  of  fifty  men,  had  fifteen  killed  and 
wounded,  and  three  missing.  The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  to 
each  of  the  lieutenants  a  sword  of  fifty  guineas'  value. 

On  the  26th  of  August,  a  flotilla  of  sixty  brigs  and  up- 
wards of  thirty  luggers  was  attacked  off  Cape  Grinez  by  the 
Immortalite  frigate,  Commodore  Owen  ;  18-giui  brig  Harpy, 
Commander  Edmund  Hey  wood  ;  12-gun  brig  Adder,  Lieu- 
tenant George  Wood ;  and  Constitution  cutter,  Lieutenant 
J.  S.  A.  Denis,  within  shot  of  their  numerous  batteries.  Several 
gun-vessels  ran  ashore,  and  the  remainder  bore  up  for  Bou- 
logne. The  Constitution  was  sunk  by  a  shell,  and  one  seaman 
killed  and  six  wounded  was  the  total  loss  of  the  British 
squadron.  This  action  was  performed  in  sight  of  Napoleon, 
to  whose  hopes  for  an  invasion  of  England  by  means  of  the 
flotilla  this  defeat  was  a  heavy  blow. 

On  the  13th  of  August,  Captain  Henry  Heathcote,  com- 
manding the  3 2 -gun  frigate  Galatea,  learning  that  the  Lily — 
the  name  of  which  had  been  changed  to  General  Ernouf — 
was  lying  in  the  Saintes,  near  Anse  a  Mire,  despatched  four 


1804.]  ATTACK   OX   THE    GENERAL   ERNOUF.  89 

boats,  containing  about  ninety  men,  under  the  command  of 
Lieutenant  Charles  Hayman,  and  Michael  Birbeck,  master, 
assisted  by  Lieutenant  of  marines  Robert  Hall,  and  other 
officers,  to  attempt  her  recapture.  Every  means  of  defence 
had  been  adopted  for  her  protection ;  an  armed  schooner  was 
placed  across  her  bows,  the  ship  lay  close  under  the  batteries, 
and  a  boat  rowed  guard  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbour,  to 
give  timely  intimation  of  the  approach  of  boats.  Not  a  shot 
was  fired  until  Lieutenant  Hayman,  in  the  barge,  at  about 
lh.  a.m.,  got  nearly  alongside,  when,  notwithstanding  a  tre- 
mendous cannonade,  the  boats  pulled  in.  Lieutenant  Hay- 
man  was  mortally  wounded,  and  out  of  twenty-six  men  in 
his  boat  more  than  twenty  had  received  dangerous  wounds. 
The  three  remaining  boats,  after  enduring  a  heavy  fire  of 
grape  and  musketry  for  nearly  an  hour,  were  under  the 
necessity  of  retreating,  leaving  the  barge  to  her  fate,  and 
after  repassing  the  Imtteries,  reached  the  Galatea  at 
3h.  30m.  a.m.  The  loss  in  this  unfortunate  affair  amounted 
to  Lieutenant  Hayman,  who  fell  covered  with  wounds,  the 
master,  and  Mr.  Wall,  midshipman,  killed.  Lieutenant 
Hall  lost  his  right  arm,  and  was  made  prisoner,  and  several 
other  officers  were  wounded.  The  total  loss  in  killed, 
wounded,  and  prisoners,  was  sixty-five. 

On  the  17th  of  August,  the  38-gun  frigate  Loire,  Captain 
Frederick  L.  Maitland,  cruising  off  the  French  coast,  fell  in 
with  the  30-gun  privateer  Blonde ;  and  after  a  twenty 
hours'  chase,  and  running  fight  of  fifteen  minutes,  in  which 
the  Loire  had  Ross  Connor,  midshipman,  and  five  seamen 
wounded,  and  the  Blonde  two  killed  and  five  wounded,  the 
French  ship  surrendered.  The  Blonde  was  the  same  which 
captured  the  Wolverine. 

On  the  15th  of  September,  as  the  50-gun  ship  Centurion, 
under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  James  Robert  Philips 
(Captain  James  Lincl  being  ashore  on  duty),  was  lying  at 
anchor  in  Yizagapatam  Roads,  in  company  with  two  India- 
men,  three  ships,  known  to  be  the  French  74-gun  ship 
Marengo,  Rear- Admiral  Linois,  with  the  frigates  Atalante 
and  Semillante,  were  observed  standing  into  the  anchorage. 
At  lOh.  a.m.,  the  Atalante  having  arrived  within  gun-shot, 
the  Centurion  cut  her  cable,  and   making  sail,  stood  out 


90  CENTURION   WITH   MARENGO   AND   SQUADRON.       [1804. 

towards  her,  and  at  200  yards'  distance  gave  her  a  broadside. 
The  Marengo  and  Semillante,  ten  minutes  afterwards,  being 
on  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  Centurion,  also  opened  fire 
upon  her,  and  the  latter  gallantly  sustained  the  unequal 
combat  till  lOh.  45m.,  when  the  Marengo,  having  sustained 
much  injury  to  her  sails  and  rigging,  hauled  to  the  wind, 
and  was  followed  by  the  two  frigates.  A  3-gun  battery  had 
alone  been  able  to  co-operate  with  the  British  ship.  Un- 
able to  manoeuvre  properly,  owing  to  her  damaged  sails  and 
spars,  the  Centurion  soon  after  anchored  in  six  fathoms, 
to  the  north-east  of  the  town,  where  Captain  Lind  joined. 
At  llh.  30m.  the  French  ships  made  another  unsuccessful 
attack  upon  the  British  50-gun  ship,  after  which  they  took 
quiet  possession  of  the  Princess  Charlotte  Indiaman,  and  left 
the  Centurion  without  further  molestation.  The  Centurion's 
damages  were  extensive,  and  her  loss  amounted  to  one  man 
mortally  and  nine  slightly  wounded.  The  Marengo  had  two 
men  killed,  and  one  wounded ;  and  the  Atalante,  two  killed, 
and  six  (one  mortally)  wounded.  Captain  Lind  was  knighted, 
and  a  sword  of  100  guineas'  value  presented  by  the  Patriotic 
Fund  ;  but  the  lieutenant  had  to  wait  a  year  for  his  pro- 
motion, although  complimented  with  a  sword  of  fifty  guineas' 
value  by  the  Patriotic  Fund  Committee.  The  naval  medal 
is  granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  3rd  of  October,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
44-gun  frigate  Indefatigable,  Captain  Graham  Moore ;  32-gun 
frigates  Medusa  and  Ampliion,  Captains  John  Gore  and 
Samuel  Sutton;  and  38-gun  frigate  Lively,  Captain  Graham 
E.  Hamond,  were  despatched  off  the  coast  of  Spain  to  inter- 
cept a  Spanish  squadron  expected  from  Monte  Video,  laden 
with  treasure.  On  the  5th  of  October,  at  6h.  a.m.,  being  off 
Cape  Santa  Maria,  with  the  wind  from  north-east,  the  Medusa 
discovered  four  sail  to  leeward,  to  which  chase  was  imme- 
diately given  ;  and  at  8h.  a.m.  the  strangers,  which  were  the 
Medea,  of  forty  guns,  Pear- Admiral  Bustamente,  and  34-gun 
frigates  Fama,  Clara,  and  Mercedes,  formed  the  line  of  battle 
ahead,  on  the  larboard  tack,  in  the  following  order  : — Fama, 
Medea,  Mercedes,  Clara.  At  9h.  15m.  the  Medusa  arrived 
within  pistol-shot  on  the  weather  beam  of  the  leading  ship, 
the  Indefatigable,  Amphion,  and  Lively  taking  their  stations 


1804.]  CAPTURE   OF   TREASURE-SHIPS.  91 

to  windward  of  the  Spaniards  ;  but  the  Amphion  ran  to 
leeward  of  the  Mercedes.  The  Indefatigable  having  fired  a 
shot  across  the  Medea,  the  Spanish  ship  hove  to,  and  Captain 
Moore  sent  a  boat  alongside  with  Lieutenant  Thomas  Arscott, 
to  explain  to  the  admiral  the  nature  of  his  orders,  and  to 
express  a  hope  that  their  execution  might  be  unattended 
with  bloodshed ;  but  an  unsatisfactory  reply  was  returned. 
A  shot  was  then  fired  from  the  Indefatigable  ahead  of  the 
Medea,  and  the  Indefatigable  ran  down  upon  her  weather 
bow.  The  Mercedes,  upon  this,  fired  into  the  Amphion,  and 
the  Medea  into  the  Indefatigable.  The  signal  was  then 
made  for  close  action,  and  after  nine  minutes'  smart  firing, 
the  Mercedes  took  fire  and  blew  up.  The  Fama  having 
been  closely  engaged  by  the  Medusa,  struck  her  colours,  but 
rehoisted  them,  and  endeavoured  to  escape.  In  a  few  minutes 
the  Medea  and  Clara  surrendered,  and  the  Lively  having 
joined  the  Medusa  in  the  pursuit  of  the  Farua,  the  latter, 
after  receiving  a  few  shot  from  the  Lively,  hauled  down  her 
colours.  The  loss  of  the  British  squadron  amounted  to  two 
men  killed,  and  seven  wounded.  The  Medea  had  two  killed, 
and  ten  wounded;  the  Fama,  eleven  killed,  and  fifty  wounded ; 
and  the  Clara,  seven  killed,  and  twenty  wounded.  The  Mer- 
cedes sank  with  the  whole  of  her  crew  and  passengers,  except 
the  second  captain  and  about  forty  men,  who  were  taken  off 
a  part  off  the  wreck.     The  prizes  were  very  valuable. 

On  the  5th  of  May,  Surinam  surrendered  to  a  British 
squadron,  under  Commodore  Samuel  Hood,  and  2,000  troops 
under  Major-General  Sir  Charles  Green.  The  naval  force 
consisted  of  the  74-gun  ship  Centaur,  Captain  Murray  Max- 
well, bearing  the  commodore's  pendant;  three  44-gun  ships, 
armed  en-fiute ;  36-gun  frigate  Emerald,  ..Captain  James 
O'Brien;  14-gun  ship  Hippomenes,  Captain  Conway  Shipley 
(who  had  charge  of  the  disembarkation  of  the  troops); 
14-gun  ship-sloop  Drake,  Commander  William  Ferris ;  and 
schooner  Unique,  Lieutenant  George  R.  Brand.  This  im- 
portant conquest  was  achieved  with  the  loss  to  the  navy 
of  Lieutenant  James  Edward  Smith  (Centaur),  William 
Shuldham,  midshipman,  one  boatswain,  and  two  men,  killed  ; 
and  Lieutenants  William  King,  Robert  Henderson  (both  of 
the  Centaur),  and  George  Brand  (Unique),  and  five  men, 


92 


CAPTURE  OF  GORES.  [1804, 


wounded ;  and  of  the  troops  a  still  slighter  loss ;  the  total 
being  eight  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded,  many  by  an 
explosion. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  Gorge  was  recaptured  (it  having 
been  taken  in  the  month  of  January)  by  a  small  force  under 
Captain  Edward  Sterling  Dickson,  in  the  36-gun  frigate 
Inconstant. 


JXMmm 


1805.]       BOATS  OF  BATTLER  AT  ST.  VALERY.  93 


1805. 

The  capture  of  the  Spanish  frigates,  just  related,  was 
made  the  plea  for  a  declaration  of  war.  This  declaration 
was  signed  at  Madrid,  on  the  12th  of  December,  1804,  but 
it  is  more  than  probable  that  it  would  have  been  issued,  had 
the  attack  on  the  Spanish  sliips  not  been  made.  The 
Spaniards  possessed  extensive  fleets  in  Ferrol,  Cadiz,  and 
Carthagena,  and  their  intention  was  to  unite  these  with  the 
Rochefort,  Brest,  and  Toulon  fleets,  and,  in  conjunction  with 
the  invasion  flotilla,  annihilate  England.  Thanks  to  the 
valour  and  ability  of  a  Nelson,  and  to  the  wooden  bulwarks 
of  England,  their  plans  were  frustrated.  The  force  which 
Spain  placed  at  the  disjDOsal  of  the  French  was  thirty-seven 
large  sail  of  the  line,  manned  and  ready  for  sea  at  a  moment's 
notice. 

On  the  4th  of  January,  the  16-gun  sloop  Rattler,  Com- 
mander Francis  Mason,  cruising  off  the  French  coast,  took 
possession  of  a  fishing-boat  belonging  to  Dieppe.  At  the 
time,  there  was  lying  in  the  Bay  of  St.  Valery  en  Caux, 
close  under  a  4-gun  battery,  the  French  14-gun  privateer 
Yimereux,  having  a  crew  of  seventy-eight  men,  including 
fifteen  grenadiers  chosen  from  the  camp  at  Boulogne.  As 
this  vessel  had  committed  great  depredations  upon  British 
shipping,  it  was  considered  desirable  to  attack  her;  and 
Lieutenant  William  C.  C.  Dalyell1  volunteered  to  endeavour 
to  bring  her  out.  Lieutenant  Dalyell  was  accompanied  by 
Acting-Lieutenant  Augustus  Donaldson,  Edward  Bourne, 
and  William  Richards,  midshipmen,  and  twenty-seven  men. 
Eleven  men  and  a  Frenchman  embarked  in  the  captured 
fishing-boat,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Dalyell ;  eight  were 
in  the  Folkstone's  boat,  under  Lieutenant  Donaldson ;  and 
eight  in  the  Rattler's  cutter,  in  charge  of  Mr.  Bourne.     The 

1  This  gallant  officer,  whose  capture  is  noticed  at  p.  71,  after  under- 
going a  series  of  privations  and  sufferings,  had  effected  his  escape  and 
rejoined  his  ship. 


94  ATTACK  ON  THE  VIMEREUX.  [1805. 

fishing  vessel  taking  the  boats  in  tow,  on  closing  the 
Vimereux,  was  hailed,  and  it  became  evident  that  the  visit 
was  expected.1  The  attack  commenced  with  a  heavy  fire  of 
small-arms  from  the  privateer.  Lieutenant  Dalyell  boarded 
on  the  larboard  side,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Donaldson  ;  and 
after  a  severe  struggle  the  defenders  were  driven  below.  The 
tide  of  victory,  however,  suddenly  changed.  It  appears  that 
a  chest  full  of  arms  and  loaded  muskets,  usually  kept  upon 
deck,  had  been  put  below  the  day  preceding  the  combat, 
to  ease  the  vessel  in  a  gale  of  wind  ;  and  the  enemy  was 
thus  placed  in  possession  of  increased  means  of  resistance. 
The  sentinels  placed  to  guard  the  hatchways,  while  the  cap- 
tors were  getting  the  lugger  underweigh,  were  shot  down ; 
and  the  Frenchmen  in  a  body  rushed  upon  deck.  A  fearful 
slaughter  ensued.  The  British  fought,  notwithstanding  the 
odds  against  them,  and  with  varied  success  ;  but,  after  twenty 
minutes'  conflict,  Dalyell  and  his  brave  companion  Donald- 
son fell,  covered  with  desperate  wounds.2     Mr.  Bourne,  not 

1  It  was  a  fine  clear  moonlight  night.  The  sky  was  serene,  and  the 
firmament,  gloriously  studded,  shed  a  silvery  lustre  over  the  rippling 
waves.  When  they  arrived  within  hail,  the  watch  on  the  deck  of  the 
lugger  called  out  to  know  who  came  there.  The  Anglo-Frenchman 
answered  that  the  hoat  was  No.  78,  and  belonged  to  Fecamp.  "  What 
is  the  master's  name?"  rejoined  the  wary  sentinel.  The  unfortunate 
fellow  gave  a  name  which  some  of  his  countrymen  on  board  the  vessel 
knew  to  be  a  false  one.  "  Come  on,  come  on,  my  lads  !"  said  the  foe  ; 
"we  know  you  are  English.     You  will  find  us  prepared." — Marshall. 

2  The  enemy  seeing  the  boats  of  the  Rattler  retreat,  yet  not  daring 
to  remain  outside  the  harbour,  now  prepared  to  take  their  lugger  over 
the  bar.  Already  they  had  begun  to  throw  into  the  sea  the  bodies  of 
the  slain  ;  and  two  men  taking  hold  of  Lieut.  Dalyell  round  his  legs  and 
shoulders,  were  in  the  act  of  heaving  him  overboard  also,  when  one  of 
them  slipped,  betrayed  by  the  clotted  gore,  and  fell  on  his  side  amongst 
the  mingled  mass  of  French  and  British  blood.  To  this  accident  was 
the  gallant  officer  indebted  for  his  life ;  for  just  at  that  moment  the 
Battler  was  seen  working  into  the  bay  and  making  signals  with  blue 
lights,  which  so  much  alarmed  the  enemy,  that  instead  of  consigning 
him  to  a  watery  grave,  he  was  pitched  headlong  down  the  main  hatch- 
way. At  this  time  he  was  quite  senseless,  in  which  state  he  lay,  without 
the  least  attention  being  paid  to  him,  for  a  couple  of  hours.  From  the 
hold  of  the  privateer  he  was  conveyed  to  a  dark  dungeon  on  shore,  the 
floor  of  which  was  in  a  very  humid  state,  scantily  covered  with  straw. 
When  the  French  military  surgeons  had  dressed  their  wounded  country- 
men, they  examined  Lieut.  Dalyell,  and  considered  his  case  so  desperate 
that  they  were  inclined  to  pass  him  over  as  one  already  dead, — his  head 
seemed  hacked  asunder,  having  received  no  less  than  nine  sabre-cuts ; 


1805.]  NELSON   AND   VILLENEUVE.  95 

having  boarded  with  the  others,  had  taken  the  lugger  in  tow, 
and  was  shot  dead  in  his  boat ;  and  out  of  the  whole  thirty- 
one  persons,  only  six  escaped  unhurt.  Mr.  Richards  and  ten 
or  eleven  wounded  seamen  regained  the  ship,  but  three  of 
their  number  died  before  reaching  Portsmouth.  The  Patriotic 
Committee  voted  Mr.  Dalyell  a  sword  of  fifty  guineas'  value 
and  a  grant  of  £100. 

Lord  Nelson,  with  eleven  sail  of  the  line,  was  blockading 
twelve  sail  in  Toulon  ;  but  being  driven  from  his  station  for 
the  purpose  of  watering  his  ships,  the  French  fleet,  under 
Vice- Admiral  Villeneuve,  sailed  from  Toulon  on  the  17  th  of 
January.  Intelligence  of  this  event  having  reached  Lord 
Nelson  at  Sardinia,  he  searched  every  port  in  the  Mediter- 
ranean in  the  hope  of  meeting  the  enemy  ;  but  the  French 
fleet,  having  been  damaged  in  a  gale  of  wind,  returned  to 
Toulon,  and  Lord  Nelson  resumed  the  blockade.  A  second 
escape,  however,  took  place  on  the  29  th  of  March,  when 
Villeneuve  succeeded  in  effecting  a  junction  with  a  Spanish 
squadron  of  six  sail  of  the  line,  at  Carthagena,  with  which 
he  passed  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar,  and  sailed  for  the  West 
Indies.  Nelson,  with  ten  sail  of  the  line,  followed  him  with 
unexampled  vigour  and  decision,  and  the  French  admiral, 
learning  by  some  means  that  he  was  pursued,  quitted  the 
West  Indies  in  haste,  having  done  nothing  beyond  capturing 
the  Antigua  convoy  and  the  Diamond  Pock.  Finding  that 
Villeneuve  had  left  the  West  Indies,  Lord  Nelson  returned 
homewards  with  the  fleet,  and  joined  Admiral  Cornwallis  off 
Ushant  in  July,  from  whence  he  proceeded  to  Gibraltar. 

On  the  21st  of  January,  the  10-gun  schooner  Gipsey, 
Lieutenant  Michael  Fitton,  while  lying  to  off  Cape  Antonio, 
waiting  to  deliver  despatches  to  the  Priiicess  Charlotte 
frigate,  was  chased  by  two  schooners  and  three  felucca-rigged 
privateers,  which  stood  out  from  under  the  land.  In  order 
to  draw  one  or  more  within  reach,  the  lieutenant  ordered  all 
sail  to  be  made,  as  if  to  escape ;  but  by  towing  the  bight  of 

his  left  foot  was  lacerated  by  a  pistol-ball,  and  in  addition  he  had  three 
other  severe  and  two  slight  wounds.  They  therefore  contented  them- 
selves with  binding  a  napkin  round  his  head,  which  was  all  they  could 
be  prevailed  upon  to  attempt  on  his  behalf." — Marshall.  This  gallant 
officer  survived  his  desperate  wounds,  but  remained  a  prisoner  in  France 
till  1813.  He  is  now  (1851)  a  commander  of  Greenwich  Hospital,  and 
inheritor  of  a  baronetcy. 


96  DESTRUCTION    OF    ARROW    AND    ACHERON.  [1805. 

the  cable  under  the  vessel's  bottom,  the  Gipsey's  progress 
was  retarded.  One  of  the  privateers  having  arrived  within 
shot  of  the  Gipsey,  the  latter  hauled  to  the  wind.  The 
privateer,  finding  the  mistake,  endeavoured  to  escape,  but 
was  so  closely  pursued  and  warmly  attacked,  that  she  ran  on 
the  Colorados  reef,  and  went  to  pieces.  The  four  remaining 
privateers,  observing  the  fate  of  their  companion,  wisely 
regained  the  shore. 

On  the  3rd  of  February,  a  fleet  of  merchant  ships,  bound 
from  Malta  to  England,  under  convoy  of  the  30-gun  corvette 
Arrow,  and  bomb-vessel  Acheron,  Commanders  Richard 
Budd  Vincent  and  Arthur  Farquhar,  being  off  Cape  Caxine, 
was  chased  by  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Hortense  and 
Incorruptible.  After  an  action  gallantly  maintained  for  the 
best  part  of  two  days,  the  British  ships  were  captured  ;  but 
by  the  skilful  manoeuvring  of  their  commanders,  thirty-one 
sail  of  valuable  merchant  ships  were  preserved.  Out  of  a 
crew  of  125  men  and  boys,  the  Arrow  had  thirteen  killed 
and  twenty-seven  wounded,  and  the  Acheron,  out  of  sixty- 
seven,  three  killed  and  eight  wounded.  The  loss  on  board 
the  French  ships  is  not  stated.  Scarcely  were  the  survivors 
of  the  Arrow's  crew  removed,  ere  the  well-defended  ship 
proved  that  she  had  been  fought  to  the  last  extremity,  as  she 
almost  immediately  sank.  The  Acheron  also  had  received  so 
much  damage  that  it  was  found  necessary  to  set  her  on  fire. 
Both  commanders  received  the  just  meed  of  their  gallantry — 
promotion;  and  swords  of  100  guineas' value  were  presented 
to  each  by  the  Patriotic  Fund.  The  first  lieutenant  of  the 
Arrow,  Cuthbert  F.  Daly,  was  promoted  in  June,  1806,  and 
the  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  those  present  in  the 
captured  ships,  in  testimony  to  the  good  service  rendered  by 
the  preservation  of  the  convoy. 

On  the  8th  of  February,  at  daylight,  the  16-gun  brig 
Curieux,  Commander  George  E.  B.  Bettesworth,  when  about 
twenty  leagues  to  the  eastward  of  Barbadoes,  discovered  a 
brig  on  her  lee  bow,  which  she  overtook,  after  a  chase  of 
twelve  hours.  The  stranger  having  shortened  sail,  and 
hauled  up  on  the  starboard  tack,  opened  fire  upon  the 
Curieux,  and  the  latter  being  on  the  weather  and  starboard 
quarter  of  the  stranger,  commenced  a  close  action,  which 
lasted  forty  minutes.     The  enemy  was  the  French  privateer 


1805.]  SAN  FIOBENZO  AND  PSYCHE.  97 

Dame  Ernoufiand  either  deeming  the  defence  desperate,  or 
considering  the   fire  of  the  Curieux  slackening,  her  crew 
cheered,  and  putting  her  helm  down,  endeavoured  to  lay  the 
latter  on  board  on  her  larboard  quarter.     Captain  Bettes 
worth,  however,  ordered  the  helm  to  be  put  a-starboard  and 
catching  the  jib-boom  of  the  privateer  between  the  fore-stay 
and  the  foremast,  a  most  animated  fight  took  place.     The 
rakmg  fire  of  the  Curieux  soon  cleared  the  decks  of  her 
opponent  and  just  as  the  British  were  about  to  conclude  the 
business  by  boarding,  the  Dame  Ernouf  fell  clear  of  the 
Curieux,  and  after  a  trifling  further  resistance,  hauled  down 
her  colours.     Both  bngs  mounted  sixteen  long  G-poundera 
The  Curieux,  out  of  sixty-seven  men  and  boys, 'lost  Mr 
Maddox  (purser),  who  was  killed  at  the  head  of  the  sinal 
arm  men,  and  five  seamen,  killed;  and  Captain  Bettesworth 

D  BosH tS  m  the  head'  Acti4Lieutenant  John 
D.  Boswall,  and  three  seamen,  wounded.  The  enemy  out  of 
120  men,  had  thirty  killed  and  forty  wounded  * 

On  the  13th  of  February,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
San  Fiorenzo  Captain  Henry  Lambert,  being  off  Viza^pa- 
tani,  discovered  the  French  32-gun  frigate  Psyche,'  5SS, 
Bergeret,  lying  at  anchor  with  two  prizes,  which  im media  e  y 
got  underweigh.     The  wind  being  light  and  variable^ 
British  frigate  could  not  get  near  them  until  5h.  30m  pm 
on  the  14th   and  at  7h.  30m.   she  took  possession  of  the 
sternmost,  which  was  the  Thetis,  late  country  ship.     From 
her,  Captain  Lambert  learnt  that  the  other  prize'  was  the 
Pigeon,  now  named  the  Equivoque,  mounting  ten  guns,  with 
forty  men,  and  commanded  by  a  lieutenant  of  the  Psyche 
At  oh.  p.m.  a  running  fight  commenced  between  the  San 
Fiorenzo  and  Psyche  and  in  a  quarter  of  an  horn-  afterwards, 
a  close  action    which   was  continued  until  9h.,  when  the 
Psyche  fell  on  board  the  San  Fiorenzo.  After  fifteen  minutes' 
severe  fighting  with  musketry,  the  ships  separated,  and  the 
tang  of  great  guns  was  renewed,  the  Equivoque  occasionally 
taking  part  m  it.     At  9h.  40m.  the  Psyche's  mainyard  was 
sho    away,  and  at  111,  30m.  the  San  Fiorenzo  haulS  off  to 

taken  up  a  position,  and  was  about  to  re-open  her  broadside 
^LWeVrclt;/?^  aCti0"  <~  W84),  had  been  pu. 


VOL.  II. 


a 


98  CLEOPATRA   AND   VILLE  DE  MILAN.  [1805. 

a  boat  came  on  board  "with  a  message  to  Captain  Lambert  an- 
nouncing that  the  Psyche  had  surrendered.  The  San  Fiorenzo 
had  Christopher  H.  B.  Lefroy,  midshipman,  eight  seamen, 
and  three  marines,  killed ;  and  Lieutenant  "William  Dawson, 
James  Finlayson,  master,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Samuel 
Ashmore,  Samuel  Martingale,  midshipman,  thirty  seamen, 
and  two  marines,  wounded  :  total,  twelve  killed,  and  thirty- 
six  wounded.  The  Psyches  loss  amounted  to  three  lieu- 
tenants and  fifty-four  men  killed,  and  seventy  officers  and 
men  wounded.  The  defence  of  the  Psyche  (a  12-pounder 
frigate  only)  was  highly  creditable  to  Captain  Bergeret ;  but 
the  skilful  chase  and  well-conducted  attacks  of  the  British 
frigate  likewise  merit  the  highest  praise.  The  Psyche  was 
added  to  the  British  navy  as  a  12-pounder  32-gun  frigate. 
The  Equivoque  effected  her  escape.  Lieutenant  Bentinck 
C.  Doyle,  first  of  the  San  Fiorenzo,  was  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  commander.  This  officer  received  his  former  step 
for  his  gallantry  when  midshipman  of  the  Dart,  in  1801,  on 
the  occasion  of  the  attack  upon  and  capture  of  the  Desiree. 
The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  a  sword  of  100  guineas'  value  to 
Captain  Lambert.  The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  for 
this  action. 

On  the  16th  of  February,  at  daylight,  in  lat.  20°  N.,  long. 
67°  W.,  the  12-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Cleopatra,  Captain 
Sir  Robert  Laurie,  Bart.,  came  in  sight  of  a  ship  standing  to 
the  eastward,  with  the  wind  at  north-west.  All  sail  was 
made  in  chase  ;  but  it  was  not  until  lOh.  30m.  a.m.  on  the 
17th  that  the  Cleopatra  could  overtake  the  stranger,  which 
was  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate  Ville  de  Milan. 
At  llh.  30m.  the  latter,  having  shortened  sail  and  hauled  to 
the  wind,  hoisted  her  colours,  and  the  Cleopatra,  having  also 
shortened  sail,  fired  her  bow  guns,  and  commenced  a  running 
fight.  At  2h.  30m.  p.m.  the  Cleopatra,  being  within  100 
yards  of  her  antagonist,  the  Ville  de  Milan  luffed  across  the 
bows  of  the  British  ship,  and  opened  her  broadside.  The 
Cleopatra,  passing  under  her  adversary's  stern,  returned  the 
fire,  and  ranging  up  within  musket- shot  on  the  starboard 
side  of  the  enemy,  a  determined  fight  took  place,  both  ships 
running  parallel  to  each  other,  sometimes  nearly  before  the 
wind,  and  at  others  close-hauled.  At  5h.,  having  shot  away  j 
the  main-topsail-yard  of  the  Ville  de  Milan,  the  Cleopatra  i 


1805.]  CLEOPATRA    CAPTURED.  99 

forged  ahead,  and  her  running  rigging  being  so  much  cut 
that  she  could  neither  shorten  sail  nor  back  her  main-topsail, 
her  captain  determined  to  endeavour  to  cross  the  bows  of  the 
enemy.  Just  as  the  Cleopatra  was  putting  her  helm  down 
for  this  purpose,  a  shot  disabled  her  wheel.  The  French 
frigate  observing  the  ungovernable  state  of  her  antagonist, 
bore  up,  and  ran  her  on  board,  the  bowsprit  and  figure-head 
passing  over  the  quarter-deck,  abaft  the  main  rigging.  From 
the  commanding  position  of  her  adversary,  owing  to  the 
strong  wind  and  heavy  sea  running,  the  Cleopatra  was  in 
danger  of  being  sunk  by  her  heavy  opponent.  The  French 
crew,  in  their  attempts  to  board,  were  at  first  repulsed  with 
loss  ;  but  about  5h.  15m.  the  overpowering  numbers  of  the 
assailants  overcame  all  opposition,  and  the  British  colours 
were  hauled  down.  Shortly  afterwards,  the  Cleopatra's  fore 
and  main  masts  went  over  the  side,  and  the  bowsprit  soon 
followed.  In  this  desperate  action  the  Cleopatra  had  only 
200  men  at  quarters,  and  of  this  number,  sixteen  seamen, 
three  marines,  and  one  boy,  were  killed  ;  and  Lieutenants 
William  Balfour,  James  Crooke,  Charles  Mitchell  (acting), 
and  William  Bowen  (supernumerary),  John  Bell,  master, 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Thomas  Appleton,  John  McCarthy, 
boatswain,  Robert  Standly,  midshipman,  and  twenty-three 
seamen  and  seven  marines  (two  mortally),  were  wounded  : 
total,  twenty-two  mortally  wounded  or  killed,  and  thirty-six 
wounded,  Captain  Benaud,  of  the  Yille  de  Milan,  was 
killed  by  the  last  shot  fired  from  the  Cleopatra,  and  her  loss, 
although  not  stated,  was  also  heavy.  The  Ville  de  Milan 
was  a  ship  of  1,100  tons;  mounted  forty-six  heavy  guns, — 
long  18  and  8-pounders  ;  and  had  on  board  350  men ; 
whereas  the  Cleopatra  measured  690  tons  -only,  and  was 
armed  with  long  12-pounders  and  24-pounder  carronades. 
The  gallant  and  persevering  chase  and  unsuccessful  attack 
upon  the  Yille  de  Milan,  confer  lasting  credit  upon  Sir 
Robert  Laurie,  his  officers,  and  crew  ;  and  the  Cleopatra's 
capture,  far  from  being  an  unfortunate  issue,  adds  to  the 
lustre  of  the  affair,  by  proving  the  determination  with  which 
the  action  was  conducted. 

Having  removed  the  prisoners,  and  put  on  board  forty- 
nine  officers  and  men,  the  prize  and  Ville  de  Milan  (whose 
main  and  mizen  masts  having  fallen  during  the  night,  she  was 

h2 


100  RECAPTURE    OF    CLEOPATRA,    ETC.  [1805. 

consequently  also  jury-rigged)  continued  their  course  home- 
ward, but  on  the  23rd  of  February  were  descried  by  the 
50-gun  ship  Leander,  Captain  the  Hon.  John  Talbot,  which 
ship  immediately  chased.  The  weather  coming  on  thick,  the 
Leander  lost  sight  of  the  frigates,  but  at  2h.  30m.  p.m.  again 
obtained  a  view  of  them.  The  Ville  de  Milan  and  Cleopatra 
closed  for  mutual  support,  and  having  fired  a  gun  to  leeward, 
each  hoisted  a  French  ensign  upon  the  mainstay.  At  4h. 
the  Leander  arrived  within  gun-shot,  and  the  frigates  sepa- 
rated, the  Cleopatra  running  before  the  wind,  and  the  Ville 
de  Milan  hauling  up  with  the  wind  on  the  larboard  quarter. 
At  4h.  30m.  the  Leander  fired  a  shot  at  the  Cleopatra,  upon 
which  the  French  colours  were  hauled  down,  and  the  ship 
hove  to.  Those  of  the  original  crew  of  the  Cleopatra  who 
remained  on  board  then  rushed  upon  deck,  and  took  possession 
of  the  ship,  and  Captain  Talbot,  directing  the  Cleopatra  to 
follow,  immediately  pursued  the  Ville  cle  Milan.  Before 
6h.  p.m.  the  Leander  having  got  alongside  the  Ville  de  Milan, 
that  ship  surrendered  without  firing  a  shot.  The  French 
ship  was  added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  name  of  the 
Milan,  and  classed  as  an  18-pounder  38-gun  frigate.  Sir 
Robert  Laurie  was  appointed  to  command  her,  and  the 
senior  lieutenant  of  the  Cleopatra,  William  Balfour,  was  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  commander.  A  sword  of  100  guineas' 
value  was  presented  to  Sir  Thomas  Laurie  by  the  Patriotic 
Fund,  as  a  well-merited  compliment  to  his  great  bravery  and 
skill. 

On  the  20th  of  March,  the  18-gun  corvette  Renard,  com- 
mander Jeremiah  Coghlan,  being  off  the  north-east  end  of 
Cuba,  brought  to  action  the  French  privateer  General  Ernouf 
(late  the  British  sloop-of-war  Lily).  After  thirty-five  mi- 
nutes of  close  engagement,  the  General  Ernouf  took  fire,  and 
in  a  few  minutes  blew  up.  Out  of  a  crew  of  160  men,  only 
fifty-five  were  saved,  who  were  picked  up  by  the  boats  of 
the  Renard.1 

On  the  23rd  of  March  two  boats,  belonging  to  the  18-gun 
ship-sloop  Stork,  Commander  George  Le  Geyt,  were  sent  into 

1  It  is  said  that  the  Renard,  on  closing  the  General  Ernouf,  was  hailed 
in  English,  and  ordered  "  to  strike,"  to  which  summons  Captain  Coghlan 
replied,  he  would,  "  and  strike  d — d  hard  too  f — a  promise  he  fully 
kept.     This  witticism,  however,  is  of  remote  origin.     See  vol.  i.  p.  238. 


1805.]   BOATS  OF  STORK  AND  BACCHANTE  AT  MARIEL.   101 

the  port  of  Roxo,  in  the  island  of  Porto  Eico,  to  bring  off  an 
armed  schooner,  which  was  lashed  alongside  a  brig.  Lieu- 
tenants George  Robertson  and  James  Murray,  with  eighteen 
men,  boarded  both  the  vessels,  which  were  defended  by  forty 
men,  and  they  were  carried  without  loss ;  but  Lieutenant 
Murray  with  one  seaman  were  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  5th  of  April,  two  boats,  containing  thirty-five 
seamen  and  marine^  under  the  command  of  Lieutenants 
Thomas  Oliver  and  John  Campbell,  belonging  to  the  22-gun 
ship  Bacchante,  Captain  Charles  Dashwood,  were  despatched 
with  orders  to  enter  the  harbour  of  Mariel,  which  lies  a  little 
to  the  westward  of  the  Havannah,  and  effect  the  capture  or 
destruction  of  three  French  privateers  which  had  taken 
refuge  therein.  The  harbour  was.  protected  by  a  round 
tower  forty  feet  in  height,  on  the  summit  of  which  three 
long  24-pounders  were  mounted,  and  the  tower  was  also 
provided  with  loopholes  for  musketry.  In  the  evening  the 
boats  quitted  the  ship  ;  and  as  it  was  necessary  to  master  the 
tower,  the  party  determined  on  landing  to  make  this  attack 
first.  As  the  first  boat,  under  Lieutenant  Oliver,  neared,  it 
became  exposed  to  a  smart  fire  from  the  fort,  which  badly 
wounded  one  man.  Upon  this,  Lieutenant  Oliver,  without 
waiting  for  the  second  boat,  gallantly  pulled  for  the  shore, 
and,  leaving  the  Hon.  Almeira  de  Courcy,  midshipman,  and 
three  men,  including  the  wounded  man,  in  charge  of  the 
boat,  dashed  on  with  the  remaining  thirteen  to  the  foot  of 
the  tower.  By  means  of  a  ladder  brought  by  the  seamen,  the 
fort  was  scaled  in  most  gallant  style,  and,  although  garrisoned 
by  a  Spanish  captain  and  thirty  soldiers,  obtained  possession 
of  without  further  loss.  Leaving  the  tower  in  charge  of  a  ser- 
geant and  six  private  marines,  Lieutenant  Oliver,  having  in 
the  meanwhile  been  reinforced  by  the  other  boat,  proceeded 
to  attempt  the  further  task  assigned  him;  but  the  privateers 
had  sailed  the  day  previously,  and  two  schooners,  sugar- 
laden,  were  all  the  spoil  which  fell  to  the  share  of  the  gallant 
jmrty.  Lieutenant  Oliver  was  presented  with  a  sword,  value 
fifty  guineas,  by  the  Patriotic  Fund,  and  in  January,  1806, 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 

On  the  9th  of  April,  the  12-gun  schooner  Gracieuse  (tender 
to  the  flag-ship  at  Jamaica),  T.  B.  Smith,  midshipman,  in 
command,  captured  a  Spanish  schooner,  into  which  Edward 


102       GRACIEUSE   AND    FRENCH    NATIONAL   SCHOONER.       [1805. 

James  Huggins,  midshipman,  was  sent  as  prize-master.  In 
company  with  the  prize,  the  Gracieuse  chased  a  vessel  nnder 
the  forts  of  St.  Domingo,  and  at  4h.  30m.  p.m.  a  large  French 
national  schooner  was  seen  coming  out  of  port  steering 
directly  for  the  tender.  The  Gracieuse  stood  off  the  land  for 
better  sea-room,  but  at  8h.  p.m.  shortened  sail,  and  hove  to, 
with  the  prize  schooner  to  leeward.  At  8h.  30  m.  the  enemy, 
hauling  up  to  windward,  commenced  an  action  with  her  long 
gun  and  musketry  ;  but  the  return  was  so  vigorous  that, 
after  making  several  attempts  to  board,  the  enemy  hauled 
to  the  wind,  and  endeavoured  to  escape.  At  llh.  the 
French  schooner  tacked  in-shore,  but  was  closely  followed  by 
the  Gracieuse,  firing  grape  and  canister,  and  the  chase  con- 
tinued during  the  night.  At  8h.  15m.  a.m.  on  the  10th,  the 
schooner  was  observed  to  take  the  ground  under  Point 
Selina,  from  whence  the  crew  were  enabled  to  land  from  the 
bowsprit-end.  The  Gracieuse  and  her  prize  anchored  (the 
latter  considerably  inside  the  tender),  and  Mr.  Huggins  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  a  hawser  on  board  the  stranded  vessel, 
hoping  to  heave  her  off,  but  she  was  found  full  of  shot-holes, 
and  so  fast  aground,  that  the  attempt  was  abandoned.  The 
boats  were  then  despatched  in  charge  of  Mr.  Huggins  and 
Mr.  McGill,  and  they  succeeded  in  bringing  away  the  long 
brass  12 -pounder  and  great  part  of  the  stores  ;  but  the  vessel 
was  quickly  destroyed  by  the  islanders.  Robert  Marley, 
midshipman,  and  two  men,  were  wounded.  The  enemy's 
crew  consisted  of  ninety-six  men,  but  her  loss  in  the  action 
was  never  ascertained. 

On  the  15th  of  April,  while  the  14-gun  brig  Papillon, 
Commander  William  Woolsey,  was  lying  at  Savannah  le  Mar, 
intelligence  was  received  of  a  felucca  privateer  which  was 
cruising  off  the  coast.  Having  hired  a  shallop,  which  he 
disguised  as  a  drogger,  he  placed  Lieutenant  Peter  J.  Prieur, 
with  John  Christie,  the  purser,  and  twenty-four  men  in  her, 
and  sent  them  in  quest  of  the  privateer.  At  8h.  p.m.,  Lieu- 
tenant Prieur  discovered  the  privateer  under  the  land, 
which  made  sail,  and  in  a  short  time  was  alongside  the 
shallop,  to  which  she  made  herself  fast.  The  crew  then 
jumped  up  from  below,  and  after  a  volley  of  musketry, 
boarded  and  carried  the  felucca.     The  British  had  only  two 


1805. J  BOAT   ACTIONS.  103 

men  wounded.  The  Spaniards  had  seven  men  killed  and 
eight  badly  wounded. 

On  the  4th  of  May,  intelligence  reached  Captain  Cour- 
tenay  Boyle,  of  the  38-gun  frigate  Seahorse,  while  cruising 
off  Cape  de  Gata,  respecting  a  Spanish  convoy,  which,  at 
2h.  p.m.,  was  got  sight  of  from  the  masthead  of  the  frigate, 
hauling  in  for  the  anchorage  of  San  Pedro.  Lieutenant 
George  Downie,  in  a  six-oared  cutter,  and  Thomas  Napper, 
midshipman,  in  a  four-oared  boat,  being  sent  away,  gallantly 
boarded  and  carried  an  ordnance  brig,  laden  with  1,170 
quintals  of  powder ;  and  in  the  meanwhile  the  Seahorse 
opened  fire  upon  the  convoy,  and  it  is  supposed  sunk  several 
vessels  ;  but  night  closing  in,  was  compelled  to  haul  off  out 
of  range  of  the  batteries  and  gun-boats.  One  seaman  was 
killed  on  board  the  frigate. 

On  the  6th  of  May,  after  a  long  pull,  four  boats  belonging 
to  the  3  2 -gun  frigate  Unicorn,  Captain  Lucius  Hardy  man, 
captured,  off  St.  Domnigo,  the  French  privateer  cutter 
Tape-a-borcl,  of  four  long  6-pQunders  and  forty-six  men. 
The  Unicorn's  boats  were  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Henry 
S.  Wilson,  assisted  by  Lieutenants  James  Tait  and  Henry 
Bourchier,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Walter  Powell,  the  purser, 
Charles  Eundle,  and  Thomas  Tuder  Tucker  (midshipman 
of  the  Northumberland),  all  of  whom  were  highly  spoken  of. 

On  the  night  of  the  1st  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  38-gun 
frigate  Loire,  Captain  Frederick  L.  Maitland,  were  des- 
patched, under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  James  Lucas 
Yeo,  with  Lieutenant  of  marines  Samuel  Mallock,  Master's 
mate  Charles  Clinch,  and  Midshipmen  Massey  H.  Herbert 
and  Matthew  Mildridge,  to  cut  out  a  privateer  which  had 
taken  shelter  in  the  Bay  of  Camarinas,  near  .Cape  Finisterre. 
The  boats  did  not  reach  the  vessels  until  break  of  day  on  the 
2nd,  when  the  privateer  was  discovered,  together  with  another 
privateer,  moored  under  a  10-gun  battery.  Mr.  Clinch,  with 
the  launch,  was  directed  to  board  the  smaller  vessel,  while 
Lieutenant  Yeo,  with  the  cutters,  attacked  and  carried  the 
Spanish  felucca  Esperanza,  armed  with  three  long  18- 
pounders  and  four  4-pounder  brass  swivels  and  fifty  men. 
The  launch  also  carried  the  object  of  her  attack,  which  was 
a  lugger,  mounting  two  6-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  thirty- 


104  LIEUTENANT   YEO   AT   MUROS.  [1805. 

two  men,  without  loss.  Several  Spaniards  were  killed,  and 
many  swam  to  the  shore.  Lieutenant  Yeo  was  obliged  to 
abandon  the  lugger,  but  the  felucca  and  three  small  vessels 
laden  with  wine  were  brought  out. 

Learning  from  the  prisoners  that  a  French  26-gun  pri- 
vateer was  fitting  out  at  Muros,  Captain  Maitland  deter- 
mined to  attempt  her  capture  ;  and  on  the  4th,  at  9h.  A.M., 
the  Loire  stood  into  the  bay  with  the  sea  breeze,  having  the 
boats  in  tow,  containing  fifty  officers  and  men,  under  Lieu- 
tenant Yeo,  assisted  by  Lieutenants  of  marines  Samuel  Mal- 
lock  and  Joseph  Douglas,  and  Charles  Clinch,  mate.  As 
the  Loire  hauled  round  the  point  of  Muros  Road,  a  battery 
of  two  1 8-pounders  fired  at  her ;  a  few  guns  were  fired  in 
return,  and  Lieutenant  Yeo  was  directed  to  push  for  the 
shore  and  spike  the  guns  of  this  battery.  As  the  Loire 
stood  on  and  opened  the  bay,  a  corvette  with  thirteen  ports 
of  a  side,  and  a  brig  pierced  for  ten  guns,  were  discovered, 
apparently  refitting,  but  neither  had  any  guns  on  board. 
At  this  time  a  fort,  mounting  twelve  long  1 8-pounders, 
distant  only  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  frigate,  opened 
a  well-directed  fire  upon  her,  almost  every  shot  taking  effect 
in  her  hull.  Captain  Maitland  then  ordered  the  anchor  to 
be  let  go,  and  with  a  spring  on  the  cable  brought  the  Loire's 
broadside  to  bear,  and  commenced  firing  on  the  fort ;  but 
the  embrasures  afforded  the  Spaniards  so  much  protection, 
that  the  Loire's  fire  was  comparatively  harmless.  In  a  few 
minutes  nine  seamen  were  woimded ;  when  suddenly  the 
firing  in  the  fort  ceased,  and  the  British  colours  were 
observed  rising  above  the  walls.  The  cause  of  this  circum- 
stance was  as  follows  : — Lieutenant  Yeo,  having  spiked  the 
two  1 8-pounders,  observed  the  fort  in  question,  at  no  great 
distance,  open  fire  upon  the  frigate,  and  although  aware  of 
the  nature  of  this  formidable  battery,  which  was.  a  regular 
ditched  fort,  gallantly  determined  on  an  attack.  Intent  on 
firing  at  the  Loire,  and  not  suspecting  an  attack  from  the 
land  side,  the  outer  gate  had  been  left  open ;  but  the 
approach  of  the  British  party  was  observed  by  a  French 
sentinel,  who  gave  the  alarm.  Lieutenant  Yeo,  however,  at 
the  head  of  his  men,  dashed  on,  and  arriving  at  the  inner 
gate,  found  the  governor,  with  a  party  of  soldiers,  ready  to 
oppose  his  entry.     After  a  personal  conflict  between  Lieu- 


1805.]  CAPTURE   OF   CONFIANCE.  105 

tenant  Yeo  and  the   governor,  the  latter  was  killed,   the 
lieutenant's  sword  being  broken  by  the  force  of  the  blow. 
The  struggle  was  continued,  and  several  Spanish  officers  fell  • 
many  of  the  Spaniards,  also,  jumped  out  of  the  embrasures' 
and  after  a  few  minutes  the  fort  was  in  possession  of  the 
British.     Lieutenant  Yeo,  Mr.  Clinch,   and   three  seamen, 
were  wounded.     The  loss  on  the  part  of  the  garrison  was 
severe.     The    governor,   a   Spanish   volunteer,    the   second 
captain  of  the  Confiance  (the  corvette  at  anchor  in  the  road), 
and   nine    others,  were   killed,  and   thirty  wounded.     The 
twelve  guns  having  been  spiked,  their  carriages  destroyed, 
part  of  the  fort  blown  up,  and  forty  barrels  of  powder  and 
two  brass  guns  embarked,  the  boats  returned  to  the  Loire.1 
The  two  privateers  were  in  the  meanwhile  taken  possession 
of  by  Captain  Maitland.     The  Confiance  measured  490  tons, 
and  was  fitted  to  carry  twenty-four  long  8-poimders  on  a 
flush  deck.     The  brig  was  the  Belier,  whose  guns  were  also 
on  shore.     Captain  Maitland  sent  a  flag  of  truce  to  the  town, 
to  say,  that  if  the  inhabitants  would  deliver  up  the  stores  of 
the   privateers,   no  further  molestation    should   be    offered 
them;    which  proposition  was   agreed   to,  and  the  stores, 
with   the    exception    of    the    guns,    were   all   brought    off! 
Immediately  on  his  arrival  in  England,  Lieutenant  Yeo  was 
promoted,  and  appointed  to  command  the  Confiance;  and 
on  the  21st  of  December,  1807,  obtained  post  rank  as  a 
reward  for  his  skill  and  bravery,  continuing  in  command  of 
the  same  ship.    A  sword  of  100  guineas'  value  was  presented 
to  Captain  Maitland,  and  others  of  fifty  guineas'  value  to 
Lieutenants  Yeo  and  Mallock,  by  the  Patriotic  Fund ;  and 
the  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  those  present  in  the 
boats  on  the  occasion. 

On  the  13th  of  June,  Captain  John  Poo  Beresford,  of  the 
40-gun  frigate  Cambrian,  on  the  Halifax  station,  sent  the 
boats  to  attack  the  Spanish  privateer  schooner  Maria,  of 
fourteen  guns  and  sixty  men.     Lieutenants  George  Pigot, 

1  i^t P"otes(lue  appearance  of  the  men  in  the  boats  as  they  returned 
to  the  ship  caused  much  amusement.  After  performing  their  arduous 
labours  several  of  the  men  taking  a  fancy  to  the  grenadier  caps  of  the 
bpamsh  soldiers,  exchanged  them  for  their  own  tarpaulins.  The  effect 
upon  men  whose  faces  were  begrimed  with  smoke  and  dirt  can  easily  be 
imagined. 


106  BOATS   OF    CAMBRIAN    IN    ST.    MARY'S   RIVER.        [1805. 

in  the  launch,  and  the  Hon.  George  A.  Crofton,  in  the  barge, 
the  marines  in  charge  of  Lieutenant  William  H.  Masterman, 
orallantly  boarded  and  carried  the  schooner,  in  spite  of  a 
determined  resistance,  by  which  the  British  had  two  seamen 
killed  and  two  wounded. 

On  the  3rd  of  July,  the  Cambrian  captured  the  French 
privateer   schooner   Matilda,   of  ten   long    8-pounders   and 
ninety-five  men  j    and   Lieutenant    Pigot,  with  a  party  oi 
seamen   and  marines,  were  put    on   board   the   prize,  and 
despatched  by  Captain  Beresford  to  St.  Mary's  River,  m 
search  of  a  Spanish    schooner  privateer  and  two  captured 
merchant  ships  at  anchor  therein.      On  the  6th  of  July, 
the  Matilda  arrived  off,  and  on  the  7th  proceeded  twelve 
miles  up  the  river,  continually  fired  at  by  the  American 
militia   along  the  banks.     The  three  vessels  were  moored 
in  line  across   the  river ;    the   privateer,    armed  with  six 
guns  and  seventy  men ;  the  ship  Golden  Grove,  of  London, 
with  eight  6-pounders,  six  swivels,  and  fifty  men ;  and  the 
bri"    Ceres,  with    swivels   and  small-arms.       The    Matilcia 
opened  fire    as   she   approached,  and  continued   it   for   an 
hour,  when  she  grounded.;  Lieutenant  Pigot  then  took  to 
his  boats,  and  boarded  and  carried  the  merchant  ship  in 
spite  of  an  obstinate  resistance.     With  her  guns  he  com- 
pelled the  enemy  to  abandon  the  brig  and  schooner,  and 
having  taken  possession  of  them,  turned  the  fire  of  the  three 
vessels  on  the  militia  drawn  up  on  the  bank  with  a  field- 
piece,  whom  he  completely  routed.     Owing  to  adverse  winds, 
it  was  not  until  the  21st  that  the  lieutenant  could  descend 
the  river  with  his  prizes,  and  rejoin  the  Cambrian.     Two 
seamen  were   killed;    Lieutenant  Pigot  was   wounded   in 
three  places  by  musket-balls,  and  William  Lawson,  mate. 
Andrew  Mitchell,  midshipman,   and   twelve  seamen,   were 
also  wounded.     Thomas  S.  Griffinhoofe,  Henry  Bolman,  and 
George  Williamson,  midshipmen,  were,  as  well  as  the  above 
spoken  of  by  Captain  Beresford,  in  his  despatch,  in  terms  o: 
high   approbation.     The    Spaniards    had   twenty-five    mer 
killed   and    twenty-two   wounded.     Lieutenant    Pigot  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander  in  the  course  of  th< 
following  year.     Swords  of  fifty  guineas'  value  were  presentee 
to    Lieutenants    Pigot,   Crofton,   and   Masterman,   by   th< 
Patriotic  Fund. 


1805.]  CAPTURE  OF  THE  BLANCHE.  107 

On  the  19th  of  July,  the  36-gim  frigate  Blanche,  Captain 
Zachary  Muclge,  while  carrying  despatches  from  Jamaica  to 
Barbadoes  for  Lord  Nelson,  being  at  8h.  a.m.  in  lat.  20°  20'  N., 
and  long.  6Q°  44'  W.,  close-hauled  with  a  fresh  breeze  at 
east,  discovered  on  her  weather  bow  three  ships  and  a  brig, 
on  the  opposite  tack,  under  easy  sail.  The  strangers  being 
indistinctly  seen  through  the  prevailing  haze,  were  at  first 
taken  for  a  part  of  an  expected  convoy  from  Grenada,  and 
the  Blanche  continued  to  stand  towards  them,  until  finding 
the  private  signal  unanswered,  it  was  suspected  they  were 
enemies.  The  Blanche  then  kept  more  away,  and  made  sail. 
At  8h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  strangers,  being  about  three  miles 
distant,  were  discovered  to  be  a  large  frigate  and  two 
corvettes,  and  proved  to  be  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Topaze,  Captain  Baudin ;  22-gun  corvette  Departement  des 
Landes,  Lieutenant  Desmontils  ;  and  18-gun  corvette  Torch, 
Lieutenant  Dehen ;  together  with  the  1 6-gun  brig  Faune, 
Lieutenant  Charles  Brunet  ;  all  of  which  bore  down  under 
English  colours.  At  9h.  45m.,  the  pursuing  squadron  hoisted 
French  colours,  and  the  Topaze  having  obtained  a  station 
at  500  yards'  distance  from  the  Blanche,  fired  her  larboard 
broadside.  The  Topaze  having  got  within  pistol-shot,  the 
Blanche  opened  her  fire,  and  the  action  was  continued,  both 
ships  running  large,  under  easy  sail,  and  within  hail.  The 
Departement  des  Landes  was  on  the  starboard  quarter, 
occasionally  firing,  and  the  other  two  vessels  close  astern. 
The  British  frigate  continued  the  action  until  llh.,  when, 
having  her  masts  badly  wounded,  seven  guns  dismounted, 
and  six  feet  water  in  her  hold,  Captain  Mudge,  deeming  a 
further  defence  unavailing,  ordered  the  colours  to  be  hauled 
down.  Out  of  215  men,  the  Blanche  had  seven  seamen  and 
one  marine  killed,  and  William  He  wet  t,  boatswain,  and 
twelve  seamen  (three  mortally),  and  Lieutenant  of  marines 
Thomas  Peebles,  and  one  private,  wounded.  The  Topaze, 
out  of  her  crew  of  410 — including  seventy  soldiers — had 
only  one  man  killed  and  eleven  wounded.  Not  a  man  was 
hurt  on  board  the  other  vessels.  The  Blanche  was  a  small- 
class  18-pounder  3 6-gun  frigate,  of  951  tons ;  and  the 
Topaze  a  fine  ship  of  1,132  tons,  and  heavily  armed.  This, 
together  with  the  assistance  received  by  the  Topaze  from 
her  consorts,  rendered  the  defence  of  the  Blanche  at  the 


108 


SIR   ROBERT   CALDER S   ACTION 


[1805. 


best  but  desperate.  She  was  fought  as  long  as  a  prospect 
of  escape  remained,  and  a  proof  of  this  is  afforded  by  the 
fact,  that  the  night  the  ship  was  taken  possession  of,  she- 
was  found  in  such  a  battered  and  sinking  state,  that  her 
captors  set  her  on  fire. 

In  the  month  of  July,  Vice- Admiral  Sir  Robert  Calder 
was  cruising  off  Cape  Finisterre,  in  the  hope  of  intercepting 
the  Franco-Spanish  fleet,  on  its  return  from  the  West 
Indies.  Sir  Robert's  fleet  consisted  of  the  undernamed  fifteen 
sail  of  the  line,  which  ships  had  formed  the  squadrons 
blockading  Rochefort  and  Ferrol :  — 


Guns. 


98 


80 


74 


64 


Frigate 

Lugger 
Cutter 


Ships. 

I  Prince  of  Wales 
Glory  
Barfleur  
Windsor  Castle 

Malta 

Thunderer    .... 

Hero     

Repulse    

Defiance 

Ajax     .  . 

Warrior 

Dragon     

^Triumph 

Agamemnon  .  . 
Raisonnable  . . 
Egyptienne  .... 

Sirius 

Nile 

Frisk   


|  Vice-Adm.  Sir  R.  Calder  (blue) 

|  Captain  William  Cuming 

\  Rear- Admiral  Chas.  Stirling  (blue) 

|  Captain  Samuel  Warren 
„  George  Martin 
„  Charles  Boyles 

,,         Edward  Duller 
„         William  Lechmere 
„         Hon.  Alan  Hyde  Gardner 
,,         Hon.  Arthur  Kaye  Legge 
„  Philip  Charles  C.  Durham 

„         William  Brown 
,,  Samuel  Hood  Linzee 

Edward  Griffiths 
;,         Henry  Inman 
„         John  Harvey 
,,         Josias  Rowley 
„         Hon.  Charles  E.  Fleming 
,,         William  Prowse 
Lieut.     John  Fennell 
,,         James  Nicholson 


On  the  19th,  Sir  Robert  Calder  received  a  copy  of  Lord 
Nelson's  despatch,  stating  that  the  French  fleet  had  quitted 
the  West  Indies,  and  was  probably  on  its  way  to  Europe  ; 
and  on  the  22nd,  in  the  forenoon,  the  combined  fleet,  with  a 
recaptured  galleon,  was  discovered  to  windward  by  the 
Defiance  and  Sirius,  coming  down  before  a  light  breeze  from 
north-west.  Sir  Robert  immediately  made  the  signal  to 
prepare  for  battle.  At  noon,  Ferrol  bearing  east-south-east, 
distant  forty-nine  leagues,  and  Cape  Finisterre  south-east, 
distant  thirty-nine  leagues,  the  signal  was  made  to  form  the 
line  ;  and  at  lh.  15m.  p.m.  for  close  order.    The  British  ships 


1805.]  WITH    VICE-ADMIRAL   VILLENEUVE.  109 

on  the  starboard  tack  were  thus  formed  : — Hero,  Ajax, 
Triumph,  Barfleur,  Agamemnon,  Windsor  Castle,  Defiance, 
Prince  of  Wales,  Repulse,  Raisonnable,  Dragon,  Glory,  War- 
rior, Thunderer,  Malta.  Most  ships  had  top-gallant-sails  set, 
and  all  except  the  Dragon  (which  was  to  leeward,  and  carry- 
ing sail  to  get  into  her  station)  had  their  courses  hauled  up. 
The  combined  fleet  also  hauled  up  on  the  starboard  tack,  and 
formed  in  line  of  battle,  thus : — Argonauta,  Terrible,  America, 
Espaua,  San  Rafael,  Firme,  Pluton,  Mont  Blanc,  Atlas,  Ber- 
wick, Neptune,  Bucentaure,  Formidable,  Intrepide,  Scipion, 
Swiftsure,  Inclomptable,  Aigle,  Achille,  Algesiras. 

A  thick  fog  occasionally  veiled  the  two  fleets  from  each 
other's  view,  and  this,  with  the  light  air  of  wind,  prevented 
Sir  Robert  from  effecting  any  very  decisive  movement.  At 
3h.  20m.  p.m.  he  made  the  signal  to  engage,  and  at  3h.  22m. 
to  tack  in  succession  ;  and  (probably  observing  that  the 
enemy  had  tacked),  at  3h.  26m.  the  signal  was  made  for  the 
leading  division  to  make  all  sail  and  steer  south-west.  At 
4h.  20m.,  being  abreast  the  enemy's  rear,  the  signal  was 
again  made  to  tack  in  succession,  and  about  the  same  time 
the  signal  to  tack  was  made  by  Villeneuve,  but  the  fog  which 
prevailed  concealed  this  evolution  from  the  British  admiral. 
The  fleets  were  three  miles  apart,  when  the  enemy  wore,  in 
consequence  of  the  Sirene  (which  ship  had  the  galleon  in  tow) 
making  signals,  by  firing  guns  in  quick  succession,  that  the 
rear  was  in  danger  of  being  cut  off.  This  signal  was  princi- 
pally occasioned  by  the  bold  approach  of  the  Sirius,  which, 
having  by  tacking  reached  the  wake  of  the  enemy,  tacked 
again  with  the  intention  of  boarding  the  galleon.  While 
making  preparation  to  effect  this  object,  Captain  Prowse  dis- 
covered through  the  haze  the  Argonauta  om  the  starboard 
tack,  with  the  wind  nearly  abeam,  and  the  Sirius  accordingly 
bore  up  to  avoid  being  cut  off  by  the  enemy's  line,  which 
was  perceived  approaching.  The  Argonauta,  Terrible,  *and 
America  passed  the  British  frigate  without  firing  ;  but  by 
the  time  she  had  got  abreast  the  Espana,  which  was  at  about 
5h.  15m.,  the  Hero,  the  van  ship  of  the  British,  then  with 
royals  set,  hove  in  stays,  and  came  round  on  the  starboard 
tack.  Instantly  the  Spanish  ships,  which  also  had  royals  and 
courses  set,  hoisted  their  colours  and  commenced  the  action, 
the  Argonauta  firing  her  larboard  guns  at  the  Hero,  and  the 


110  SIR   ROBERT   CALDER's    ACTION..  [1805. 

Espana  at  the  Sinus,  wliich  latter  ship  had  two  men  killed 
and  three  wounded. 

At  oh.  20m.  the  Hero  opened  her  fire,  and  at  5h.  45m. 
the  Ajax  tacked  astern  of  the  Hero,  but  instead  of  seconding 
Captain  Gardner  in  his  gallant  attack,  bore  away  to  speak 
the  admiral.  The  ships  astern  of  the  Hero  also  tacked  in 
succession,  and  by  6h.  the  action  became  pretty  general, 
though  distant,  and  not  very  effective,  for  the  fog  was  so 
thick  that  it  was  impossible  to  distinguish  any  object  much 
beyond  a  ship's  length,  and  in  the  confusion  thus  occasioned, 
several  ships  in  both  fleets  had  to  contend  with  more  than 
one  opponent.  The  San  Rafael,  Firme,  and  Espana,  having 
dropped  somewhat  to  leeward,  became  very  much  exposed  to 
the  fire  of  the  British  ;  but  the  Pluton — the  Firme's  second 
astern — gallantly  bore  up,  and  for  some  time  covered  the 
Spanish  ship  ;  but  being  too  powerfully  opposed  by  the  lead- 
ing British  ships,  the  Pluton  with  some  difficulty  regained 
her  station.  Being,  however,  supported  by  the  Mont  Blanc 
and  Atlas,  the  Pluton  again  bore  up,  and  the  Espana  was 
preserved  from  capture.  The  Atlas  suffered  severely  in  this 
affair,  and,  but  for  the  assistance  of  the  Neptune,  would  have 
been  in  jeopardy.  About  8h.  the  Firme,  having  lost  her 
main  and  mizen  masts,  struck,  and,  in  a  few  minutes  after- 
wards, the  Rafael,  with  her  main-topmast  shot  away,  also 
surrendered.  At  8h.  25m.  the  combined  fleet  was  barely 
within  gun-shot  to  windward,  and  the  British  ships  being 
much  scattered,  Sir  Robert  Calder  made  the  night  signal  to 
discontinue  the  action ;  but,  as  very  few  ships  could  distin- 
guish the  signal,  the  firing  did  not  cease  until  9h.  30m.  The 
British  ships  soon  afterwards  brought  to  upon  the  starboard 
tack  to  repair  their  damages. 

The  loss  sustained  by  the  British  fleet  amounted  to  forty- 
one  killed  and  162  wounded.  No  ship,  except  the  Windsor 
Castle  and  Agamemnon,  lost  a  mast.  The  loss  in  the  com- 
bined fleet  amounted  to  476  in  killed  and  wounded,  and  a  few 
of  their  ships  had  received  some  trifling  damage  in  masts  and 
yards.  The  following  table  will  show  the  loss  sustained  in 
both  fleets ; — 


1805.] 


KILLED   AND    WOUNDED. 


Ill 


British. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

Franco- Spanish. 

Killed.    Wounded. 

Hero 

1 

2 
5 
3 
0 
10 
1 
3 
0 
1 
0 
1 
0 
7 
5 
0 
2 

4 

16 

6 

7 
3 

35 
7 

20 
4 
1 
4 
1 
0 

11 

40 
0 
3 

Argonauta    .... 

Ten-ible     

America    

Espana 

4 

1 

3 

3 
53 
41 

8 

6 
10 

2   " 

1 

3 

4 

5 

0 

0 

1 

4 

0 

0 

3 

4 

8 

6 

114 

97       I 
22 

ii   ! 

32      J 
8 
7 
3 
6 
5 
0 
0 
1 
0 
0 
0 

Triumph    

Barfleur     

Agamemnon 
Windsor  Castle 

Defiance    

Prince  of  Wales 

Repulse 

Eaisonnable  .... 

Dragon 

Glory     

Warrior     

Thunderer     .... 

Malta 

Egyptienne  .... 
Sirius     

Total 

San  Rafael    .... 

Firme 

Pluton   

Mont  Blanc  .... 
Atlas 

Berwick     

Neptune    

Bucentaure   .... 
Formidable  .... 

Intre'pide 

Scipion 

Swiftsure 

Indomptable     .  . 

41 

162 

Achille 

Algesiras 

Total 

149 

327 

At  daybreak  on  the  23rd,  the  two  fleets  were  about  seven- 
teen miles  apart,  reckoning  from  the  centre  of  each,  but  the 
weather  was  still  so  hazy  that  the  enemy  was  only  occasionally 
seen  by  a  few  ships.  The  British  fleet  was  on  the  starboard, 
and  the  enemy  was  on  the  larboard  tack,  with  a  light  breeze 
from  north-west  by  west.  About  five  miles  to  windward  of 
the  main  body  of  the  British  were  the  Barfleur,  Triumph, 
Hero,  and  Agamemnon  ;  and  six  miles  to  windward  of  these 
the  leewardmost  ships  of  the  combined  fleet,  consisting  of 
four  sail  of  the  line  and  some  frigates;  to  windward  of  which, 
distant  about  five  or  six  miles,  was  the  main  body  of  the 
combined  fleet.  About  five  miles  to  leeward  of  the  Prince  of 
"Wales,  was  the  Windsor  Castle,  with  fore-topmast  and  part 
of  the  head  of  her  foremast  gone,  in  tow  of  the  Dragon,  ajad 
still  further  to  leeward  the  Malta,  Thunderer,  and  prizes,  all 
of  which  were  out  of  sight  of  the  admiral.  It  of  course 
became  necessary  for  Sir  Robert  Calder  to  collect  his  fleet 
into  something  like  order,  and  this  could  only  be  done  by 
bearing  up  to  close  the  ships  to  leeward.     Having  effected 


112  BOULOGNE   SQUADRON.  [1805. 

this  in  some  measure,  at  9h.  a.m.,  the  fleet  hauled  to  the 
wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  keeping  between  the  enemy  and 
the  disabled  ships.  The  San  Rafael  and  Firme,  both  by  this 
time  totally  dismasted,  were  in  tow  of  the  frigates  Sirius  and 
Egyptienne. 

Light  variable  airs  prevailed  throughout  the  23rd  and 
24th,  which  must  have  rendered  useless  any  effort  to  renew 
the  action.  With  a  fleet  manifestly  inferior,  previously  by 
five,  but  now  by  three  sail  of  the  line  (or,  taking  the  disabled 
state  of  the  Windsor  Castle  into  the  calculation,  four  sail), 
within  a  few  hours'  sail  of  powerful  fleets  in  Ferrol  and 
Rochefort,  which  Sir  Robert  had  been  only  recently  block- 
ading, an  old  and  well-tried  officer  ought  not  to  have  been 
condemned  for  not  destroying  his  trophies,  and  with  fourteen 
sail  of  the  line,  rashly  chase  a  superior  fleet.  But  such  was 
the  expectation  and  popular  excitement  of  the  period,  that 
nothing  short  of  a  complete  victory  would  suffice.1  The  two 
prizes  to  the  fleet  arrived  at  Plymouth  on  the  31st  of  July. 
They  were  purchased  into  the  navy,  but  being  old  ships,  were 
never  fitted  for  sea. 

During  the  summer  of  this  year,  actions  between  the 
blockading  squadron,  under  Commodore  Edward  C.  W.  R. 
Owen,  and  the  Boulogne  flotilla,  were  of  daily  occurrence. 
The  untiring  energy,  skill,  and  intrepidity  displayed  by  the 
British  commodore,  did  much  towards  disappointing  the  ex- 
pectations of  Napoleon  ;  and  served  to  convince  him  of  the 
absolute  necessity  for  a  line-of-battle  fleet  to  convoy  his 
flotilla.     The  ships  most  actively  engaged  were  the  follow- 


Immortalite.  .  . 

Hebe     

Leda 

ChifFonne 

,      Commodore  E.  W.  C.  R.  Owen 
.     Captain  M.  Malbon 

,,         Robert  Honyman 

,,         Charles  Adam 

J  In  consequence  of  the  rumours  and  remarks  afloat  in  the  public 
prints,  Sir  Robert,  on  his  return  to  England,  demanded  a  court-martial. 
A  court  accordingly  assembled  on  the  23rd  of  December,  on  board  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  continued  sitting  till  the  26th,  when  the  conclusion 
was  arrived  at  that  Sir  Robert  Calder  was  deserving  of  censure,  and  he 
was  severely  reprimanded  accordingly,  for  not  having,  as  it  was  said, 
done  his  utmost  to  renew  the  action  on  the  23rd  of  July. 


1805.]  INVASION   FLOTILLA.  113 

Corvettes. 

Arab Commander  Keith  Maxwell 

Calypso     „  Matthew  Forster 

Ariadne    „  Bobert  H.  Bromley- 
Harpy  „  Edmund  Heywood 

Champion     „  Hon.  Edw.  King 

Gun-brigs. 

Plumper   Lieutenant  Jas.  H.  Garrety 

Teaser „  Geo.  L.  Ker 

Bloodhound „  Henry  Bichardson 

Archer „  John  Price 

The  Plumper  and  Teaser,  on  the  16th  of  July,  were 
captured  by  a  division  of  gun-boats  in  Granville  Bay.  Lieu- 
tenant Garrety  lost  an  arm  in  defending  his  brig. 

The  prames  and  gun- vessels  at  this  time  in  Boulogne, 
comprising  the  invasion  flotilla,  numbered  578,  and  526 
transports.  The  vessels  at  the  ports  of  Ambleteuse,  Calais, 
Dunkirk,  and  Ostend,  amounted  to  1,339  armed,  and  954 
unarmed  vessels,  making  a  total  of  2,293,  intended  to  carry 
163,645  men,  including  16,783  sailors,  and  9,059  horses. 
But  for  the  successful  exertions  of  the  navy,  no  reasonable 
doubt  can  exist  that  an  invasion  of  the  most  formidable  kind 
would  have  taken  place. 

On  the  2nd  of  August,  the  38-gun  frigate  Phaeton,  Cap- 
tain John  Wood,  and  18-gun  sloop  Harrier,  Commander 
Edward  Batsey,  made  a  gallant  but  unsuccessful  attack  upon 
the  French  frigate  Semillante,  moored  under  a  battery  at 
Jacinta,  one  of  the  Philippine  Islands.  Each  ship  had  two 
men  wounded,  and  sustained  some  trifling  damage. 

On  the  6th  of  August,  the  74-gun  ship  Blenheim,  Captain 
Austin  Bissell,  bearing  the  flag  of  Rear-Admiral  Sir  Thomas 
Troubridge,  being  in  lat.  19°  S.,  long.  81°  E,  while  convoying 
a  fleet  of  homeward-bound  East-India  ships,  gallantly  re- 
pulsed the  French  74-gun  ship  Marengo,  Rear-Admiral 
Linois,  and  40-gun  frigate  Belle  Poule. 

On  the  10th  of  August,  at  5h.  a.m.,  the  18-pounder  36-gun 
frigate  Phoenix,  Captain  Thomas  Baker,  in  lat.  43°  20'  N., 
long.  12°  W.,  standing  to  the  northward  on  the  starboard 
tack,  came  in  sight  of  a  large  ship  in  the  south-west  quarter. 
Although  the  bearer  of  despatches,  Captain  Baker  imme- 
diately wore  and  stood  towards  the  stranger,  which  proved 
to  be  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate  Didon,1  Captain 

1  This  same  ship  was,  on  the  7th  of  August,  fallen  in  with  by  the 
VOL.  II.  i 


114 


PHCENIX   AND   DIDON.  [1805. 


Milius.  At  7h.  a.m.  the  Didon  was  observed  to  be  on  the 
larboard  tack,  with  royals  set,  with  her  main-topsail  to  the 
mast  On  the  preceding  day,  the  Phoenix  had  communicated 
with  an  American  brig,  the  master  of  which  had  been  on 
board  the  British  frigate,  but  who,  not  being  very  sober,  had 
not  exerted  much  clearness  of  sight.  This  brig  was  boarded 
bv  the  Didon  early  on  the  morning  of  the  10th,  when  the 
American  captain  stated  to  Captain  Milius  that  the  ship  in 
sight  to  windward  was  a  British  20-gnn  ship,  but  that  the 
captain  and  officers  were  so  much  in  conceit  with  the  powers 
of  their  ship,  that  he  doubted  not  they  would  engage  the 
Didon  To  give  colour  to  this  report,  the  Phoenix  was  a 
small-looking  ship,  and  every  means  had  been  used  to  favour 
her  deceptive  appearance. 

At  8h.  a.m.  the  Didon  hoisted  French  colours,  and  fired  a 
gun,  but  the  Phoenix  did  not  get  within  range  till  nearly  9h. 
The  Phoenix  then  commenced  firing  ;   but,  anxious  to  pre- 
vent the  escape  of  the  enemy,  Captain  Baker  determined  to 
en^ao-e  to  leeward.     In  order  to  frustrate  this  design,  the 
Didon  filled,  and  wore  round  upon  the  starboard  tack,  and, 
after  much  skilful  seamanship   on  both  sides,  the  Phoenix 
rano-ed  up  to  windward  of  her  adversary  within  pistol-shot, 
both  ships  being  on  the  larboard  tack  two  or  three  points  off 
the  wind.     The  Phoenix,  however,  having   too  much  way, 
shot  ahead,  and  the  Didon,  taking  advantage  of  this,  luffed 
across  her  stern,  and  fired  a  few  ineffectual  shot,  then  bearing 
up,  she  passed  close  under  the  stern  of  the  Phoenix  a  second 
time  firing  the  larboard  broadside  with  great  precision.    The 
Didon  attempted  to  repeat  the  evolution  ;  but  the  crew  of 
the  Phoenix  having  rove  new  braces,  her  sails  were  thrown 
aback,  and  gathering  stern-way,  her  starboard  quarter  took 
the  larboard  bow  of  the  Didon.     The  French  then  made 
several  attempts  to  board,  but  the  marines  were  found  com- 
petent to  repel  them,  and  in  the  meanwhile  the  sailors  were 
employed  in  bringing  a  gun  to  bear  out  of  an  extra  port  cut 
through  the  stern  windows  and  quarter  gallery.     Great  loss 
was  sustained  while  the  gun  was  being  brought  into  this 

18-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Mollis,  Captain  Lord  William  Fitzroy  ;  but 
no  action  took  place,  his  lordship  considering  the  despatches  with  which 
he  was  charged  by  Admiral  Cornwallis  to  be  of  too  great  importance  to 
permit  his  seeking  an  engagement. 


1805.]  PHCENIX    AND    DIDON. 


115 


position,  but  its  effects  ultimately  rewarded  the  labour 
Twenty-four  of  the  Didon's  crew  were  laid  low  by  its  first  dis- 
charge. The  only  gun  which,  owing  to  the  absence  of  bow-ports 
the  Didon  could  bring  to  bear,  was  a  36-pound  carronade  on 
the  forecastle  ;  but  this  was  rendered  comparatively  useless 
by  the  accuracy  of  the  fire  of  the  British  marines,  who  shot 
down  every  man  attempting  to  load  or  fire  it. 

The  two  ships  had  remained  foul  about  half  an  hour,  when 
the  Didon,  getting  a  breeze,  began  to  forge  ahead,  enabling 
the  British  to  bring  the  aftermost  gun  on  the  starboard  side 
to  bear,  the  discharge  from  which  cut  away  the  gammonino- 
of  the  Didon's  bowsprit.  In  a  short  time  the  two  ships^ 
having  separated,  were  again  abreast  of  each  other,  and  the 
fight  proceeded  upon  more  equal  terms,  but  with  evident 
advantage  to  the  Phoenix,  which  fired  three  broadsides  to 
two  of  the  Didon.  Having  shot  away  the  Didon's  main- 
topmast,  the  Phoenix  ranged  ahead  clear  of  her  adversary, 
and  the  breeze  dying  away,  a  suspension  of  firing  necessarily 
took  place.  At  noon  a  breeze  again  sprung  up,  and  the 
Phoenix,  having  repaired  damages,  closed  the  Didon  on. her 
larboard  quarter,  and  again  opened  fire,  which  was  feebly 
returned,  and  the  foremast  of  the  French  frigate  havino- 
fallen,  her  colours  were  hauled  down  at  12h.  15m.  p.m. 

Out  of  245  men  and  boys  which  the  Phoenix  mustered  at 
quarters,  Lieutenant  John  Bounton,  George  Donalan,  mas- 
ter's mate,  and  ten  seamen,  were  killed;  and  First  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Henry  Steele  (dangerously  in  the  head),  Aaron 
Tozer  (dangerously)  and  Edward  B.  Curling,1  midshipmen, 
thirteen  seamen,  and  twelve  marines,  wounded :  total,  twelve 
killed,  and  twenty-eight  wounded.  The  Didon's  loss  out  of 
330  men  amounted  to  twenty-seven  killed/ and  forty-four 
wounded.  The  force  of  the  Didon  was  every  way  greater 
than  that  of  the  Phoenix,  and  her  crew  was  composed  of 
picked  men.  The  crew  of  the  Phoenix,  on  the  other  hand, 
consisted  of  well-trained,  smart  fellows,  of  whose  skill  the 
foregoing  is  a  sufficient  proof. 

1  Mr.  Curling's  wound  was  of  a  very  remarkable  description.  While 
sucking  an  orange,  with  his  jaws  consequently  extended,  a  musket-ball 
passed  through  his  mouth,  entering  one  cheek  and  escaping  tnrough  the 
other,  without  touching  a  tooth.  The  wound  healed,  leaving  only  a  pair 
of  dimples,  which  were  not  unseemly. 

12 


116  RAISONNABLE   AND    TOPAZE.  [1805. 

As  soon  as  the  ships  were  refitted,  the  Phoenix  took  theDidon 
in  tow,  and  on  the  3rd  of  September,  after  narrowly  escaping 
capture  by  the  combined  fleet,  anchored  in  Plymouth  Sound. 
The  Didon  was  a  beautiful  ship,  of  1,100  tons,  and  was  added 
to  the  navy  by  the  same  name.  Captain  Baker  received  no 
official  mark  of  distinction  for  this  skilfully-fought  and  truly 
gallant  action.  The  Patriotic  Fund,  however,  voted  him  a 
sword,  value  100  guineas.  The  first  lieutenant  of  the  Phoenix, 
Joseph  Oliver,  received  his  well-earned  promotion  to  the 
rank  of  commander  on  the  18th  of  the  following  month,  and 
the  naval  medal  has  lately  been  awarded  to  the  survivors.1 

On  the  15th  of  August,  about  200  miles  from  Rochefort, 
the  French  16-gun  corvette  Faune  was  captured  by  the 
20-gun  ship  Camilla,  Captain  Bridges  W.  Taylor,  assisted  by 
the  7 4 -gun  ship  Goliath,  Captain  Robert  Barton.  The 
Goliath  then  stood  to  the  southward,  and  in  the  afternoon  was 
joined  by  the  64-gun  ship  Raisonnable,  Captain  Josias  Rowley. 
Just  at  this  time  the  French  frigate  Topaze  and  two  corvettes 
were  discovered  and  chased.  The  corvettes  having  sepa- 
rated from  the  frigate,  the  Torche  was  captured  by  the 
Goliath  at  8h.  p.m.,  having  on  board  fifty-two  of  the  late 
Blanche's  crew. 

The  Raisonnable  pursued  the  Topaze,  and  at  daybreak  on 
the  lGth  had  arrived  within  three  miles  of  her,  both  ships 
steering  to  the  southward  nearly  before  the  wind.  At  9h., 
the  wind  falling  light  favoured  t  lit  Raisonnable,  and  the  Topaze 
hoisted  her  colours,  and  commenced  firing  stern-chasers,  and 
with  so  much  effect,  that  at  9h.  30m.  the  Raisonnable's  fore- 
topsail  was  completely  riddled,  and  her  lower  studding-sail 
shot  away.     The  Raisonnable  then  commenced  firing  her  bow 

1  The  conspicuous  gallantry  of  two  or  three  officers  of  the  Phoenix 
should  be  mentioned.  The  acting  purser,  Mr.  John  CoUman,  volun- 
teered his  services  on  the  quarter-deck,  where  he  performed  excellent 
service;  and  Edward  Phillips  a  young  midshipman,  saved  Captain 
Baker's  life  in  the  following  manner.  While  the  .-hips  were  foul,  a  man, 
upon  the  bowsprit  end  of  the  Didon,  wis  taking  deliberate  aim  at  the 
captain,  which  the  midshipman  perceiving,  unceremoniously  pushed 
Captain  Baker  aside,  and  fired  at  the  Frenchman.  The  latter  also  dis- 
charged his  musket,  and  immediately  fell  overboard,  the  ball  tearing  the 
rim  of  Captain  Baker's  bat,  but  without  hurting  him.  The  spirit 
amongst  the  British  crew  was  shown  bj  the  tact  that  the  sick  men,  who, 
though  too  debilitated  to  work  the  guns,  volunteered  to  hand  the  powder 
and  perform  such  offices  as  their  strength  permitted. 


1805.]  CALCUTTA   AND    ROCHEFORT    SQUADRON.  117 

guns,  and  just  as  she  had  got  near  enough  to  open  her  broad- 
side it  fell  calm.  Shortly  afterwards  a  light  air  from  the 
southward  enabled  the  Topaze  to  wear,  and  haul  to  the  wind 
on  the  starboard  tack,  and  with  her  stem  guns  she  did  some 
execution  to  the  rigging  of  the  Raisonnable,  which  also 
hauled  to  the  wind  in  pursuit ;  but  the  frigate,  being  now  to 
windward,  was  soon  lost  sight  of,  and  reached  the  Tagus  on 
the  20th. 

On  the  25th  of  September,  in  latitude  49°  30'  K,  long. 
9°  W.,  Rear- Admiral  Allemand,  with  the  Rochefort  squadron, 
consisting  of  the  120-gun  ship  Majesteux,  74-gun  ships 
Magnanime,  Jemappes,  Suffren,  and  Lion,  and  frigates  Ar- 
mide,  Gloire,  and  Thetis,  fell  in  with  the  54-gun  ship  Calcutta, 
Captain  Daniel  Woodriff,  having  under  convoy  the  Indus 
East-India  ship,  three  whalers,  and  two  other  ships,  from 
St.  Helena,  homeward  bound.  At  daylight  on  the  26th  the 
Calcutta  made  the  private  signal,  which  being  unanswered, 
Captain  Woodriff  hailed  the  Indus,  and  directed  her  to  make 
all  sail  ahead  with  the  convoy,  while  the  Calcutta  stood 
towards  the  French  frigate  Armide,  then  upon  her  starboard 
bow,  and  in  chase  of  the  merchant  ships.  At  3h.  p.m.  the 
Armide  fired  her  stern-chasers,  and  received  in  return  the 
bow  guns  of  the  Calcutta  ;  soon  afterwards  the  French 
frigate  shortened  sail,  and  allowed  the  Calcutta  to  get  abreast 
of  her  ;  but  after  an  hour's  firing  the  Armide  hauled  off  out 
of  gun-shot  to  repair  her  damages.  This  action  with  the 
Armide  drew  the  whole  squadron  in  chase  of  the  Calcutta, 
and  at  5h.  the  Magnanime  opened  her  fire  upon  the  British 
ship,  still  running  under  all  sail  to  the  southward  before  a 
light  air  of  wind.  Finding  that  the  Magnanime  was  alone 
and  far  ahead  of  her  consorts,  except  the  -,  40-gun  frigate 
Thetis,  which  was  on  her  larboard  quarter,  Captain  Woodriff 
resolved,  as  the  only  chance  of  escape  left,  to  endeavour  to 
disable  this  ship.  The  Calcutta's  helm  was  accordingly 
ported,  and  she  being  quickly  within  pistol-shot,  commenced 
the  action.  In  three-quarters  of  an  hour  the  Calcutta  was 
completely  unrigged  and  unmanageable,  and  the  remainder 
of  the  French  squadron  rapidly  approaching,  her  colours  were 
hauled  down. 

Out  of  343  men  and  boys,  the  Calcutta  had  six  men  killed, 
and  six  woimded ;  but  she  was  so  much  disabled  in  her  masts 


118  BLOCKADE    OF    CADIZ.  [1805. 

and  rigging,  that  the  French  were  obliged  to  keep  her  in  tow 
two  days  before  they  could  make  any  sail  upon  her.  This 
delay,  and  the  direction  in  which  Captain  Woodriff  had 
purposely  drawn  the  squadron,  enabled  the  ships  under  his 
charge  to  get  away,  and  also  preserved  the  74-gun  ship 
Illustrious  and  a  convoy  from  Antigua  of  200  sail  from 
felling  in  with  the  enemy.  The  conduct  of  Captain  Woodriff 
was  most  masterly  and  gallant,  and  obtained  for  him  un- 
bounded approbation.  He  was,  of  course,  tried  for  the  loss 
of  his  ship,  but  most  honourably  acquitted. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  the  36-gun  frigate  Princess  Char- 
lotte, Captain  George  Tobin,  cruising  off  Tobago,  discovered 
a  ship  and  brig  to  windward.  The  Princess  Charlotte  being 
disguised,  was  taken  for  a  merchant  ship,  and  the  French 
16-gun  brig  Naiade  and  26-gun  corvette  Cyane  (late  British), 
Lieutenant  Charles  Le  Menard,  bore  down  within  gun-shot. 
The  Cyane  did  not  discover  the  mistake  until  brought  to 
action  by  the  British  frigate,  to  which  she  surrendered  after 
a  gallant  defence,  in  which  her  first  lieutenant  and  two  sea- 
men were  killed,  and  a  midshipman  and  eight  seamen 
wounded.  The  Naiade  escaped,  but  was  captured  a  week 
afterwards  by  the  3 2 -gun  frigate  Jason,  Captain  William 
Champain,  after  a  long  chase  and  a  running  fight  of  fifteen 
minutes. 

Vice-Admiral  Villeneuve,  whose  cruise  to  the  West  Indies 
and  action  with  Sir  Robert  Cakler  we  have  just  recorded,  at 
length  reached  Cadiz  ;  but  Napoleon  was  so  dissatisfied  with 
his  conduct,  that  Vice-Admiral  Eosily  was  appointed  to 
supersede  him  in  the  command. 

From  the  22nd  of  August  until  the  28th  of  September, 
Vice-Admiral  Collingwood,  had  been  blockading  Cadiz  with 
eighteen  sail  of  the  line,  when  Lord  Nelson  joined,  in  his  old 
ship,  the  Victory.  The  Euryalus  had  been  previously  sent 
ahead  to  apprize  Collingwood  of  Nelson's  approach,  and  with 
orders  not  to  salute  or  hoist  the  colours,  by  which  the  enemy 
might  be  apprized  of  the  arrival  of  a  reinforcement.  Some 
other  ships  having  also  joined,  the  fleet  amounted  to  twenty- 
seven  sail  of  the  line,  a  squadron  of  five  sail  of  which,  under 
Rear- Admiral  Louis,  was  stationed  close  to  the  harbour  of 
Cadiz,  while  the  main  body  cruised  about  fifteen  miles  to  the 


1805.]  BATTLE  OF  TRAFALGAR.  119 

westward.  But  Nelson,  considering  that  by  withdrawing  his 
ships  to  the  distance  of  sixteen  or  eighteen  leagues  from  the 
land,  the  French  admiral,  ignorant  of  the  British  strength, 
might  venture  to  put  to  sea,  reduced  the  in-shore  'squadron 
to  the  Hydra  and  Euryalus,  and  outside  of  them,  at  a  con- 
venient distance  for  signalling,  stationed  four  sail  of  the 
line. 

On  the  1st  of  October,  the  Euryalus  reconnoitred  the 
port  of  Cadiz,  and  discovered  in  the  outer  harbour  eighteen 
French  and  sixteen  Spanish  ships  of  the  line,  apparently 
ready  for  sea.  Between  the  9th  and  13th,  the  Royal  Sove- 
reign, Belleisle,  Africa,  and  Agamemnon,  joined  the  British 
fleet ;  but  five  sail,  under  Rear- Admiral  Louis,  having  been 
despatched  to  Gibraltar  for  provisions  and  water,  the  number 
was  again  reduced  to  twenty-seven  sail.  Since  the  10th  the 
enemy's  fleet  had  moved  towards  the  entrance  of  the  harbour, 
and  evinced  a  disposition  to  put  to  sea.  From  the  10th  to 
the  17th  the  wind  continued  to  blow  fresh  from  the  west- 
ward, which  prevented  them  ;  but,  on  the  17th,  at  midnight, 
the  wind  shifted  to  the  eastward.  On  Saturday,  the  19th, 
at  7h.  a.m.,  the  combined  fleet  weighed,  by  signal  from  the 
commander-in-chief,  with  a  light  breeze  from  the  northward. 
Owing  to  the  lightness  of  the  wind,  however,  only  twelve 
ships  got  out,  and  these  lay  becalmed  until  the  afternoon, 
when  a  breeze  sprang  up  from  the  westward,  and  this  division 
of  the  enemy  stood  to  the  northward,  closely  watched  by  the 
Euryalus  and  Sirius,  which  immediately  signalled  the  cheer- 
ing news  to  the  British  fleet.1 

At  daylight,  on  the  20th,  the  remainder  of  the  enemy's 
fleet  put  to  sea  with  a  breeze  from  the  south-east ;  but  had 

1  A  most  remarkable  instance  of  what  might  almost  be  termed  second 
sight  in  Lord  Nelson  has  been  mentioned  to  us  from  a  quarter  which 
demands  the  highest  respect.  On  this  morning,  Lord  Nelson  was  more 
than  usually  anxious,  and  he  came  on  deck  under  the  full  impression 
that  the  enemy's  fleet  had  put  to  sea.  No  signal  to  that  effect  had  then 
been  made  by  the  look-out  frigates,  but  his  lordship  persisted  in  his  belief 
that  such  a  signal  was  flying.  Both  the  signal-lieutenant  and  Captain 
Hardy  went  to  the  masthead  with  their  glasses  to  ascertain  whether  any 
such  signal  was  out,  but  were  unable  to  discover  anything  leading  them 
to  suppose  that  such  was  the  case.  About  an  hour  afterwards  a  signal- 
gun  announced  that  the  enemy  had  put  to  sea. 


120  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  [180-5. 

scarcely  cleared  the  harbour  when  the  wind  changed  to 
south-west,  attended  with  thick  weather.  At  2h.  p.m.  the 
wind  shifted  to  west-north-west,  and  the  weather  cleared  up. 
Villeneuve  continued  in  command  of  the  fleet,  his  successor 
not  having  arrived,  having  under  him  the  Spanish  Vice- 
Admiral  D'Alava  and  Rear- Admiral  Dumanoir  ;  and  the 
second  part  of  the  fleet,  or  reserve,  was  divided  into  two 
squadrons  of  six  ships  each ;  the  first  under  the  Spanish 
Admiral  Gravina,  and  the  second  commanded  by  Rear- 
Admiral  Magon.  One  of  the  advanced  frigates  having  made 
the  signal  for  eighteen  sail  of  British  ships,  the  combined 
fleet,  then  on  the  larboard  tack,  cleared  for  action,  and  at 
5h.  p.m.  tacked  and  stood  towards  the  straits.  At  7h.  30m. 
the  Aigle  signalled  eighteen  sail  to  the  southward,  and 
shortly  afterwards  the  combined  fleet  wore,  and  stood  to  the 
north-west. 

A  little  before  daybreak  on  the  21st,  finding  that  the 
British  were  to  windward,  the  French  admiral  directed  the 
three  columns  of  the  line  of  battle,  in  which  the  fleet  was 
formed,  to  draw,  without  regard  to  priority  of  rank  among 
the  ships,  into  a  close  line  of  battle  on  the  starboard  tack, 
and  to  steer  south-west.  At  daylight  the  two  fleets  were  in 
sight  of  each  other,  about  twelve  miles  apart,  the  centre  of 
the  combined  fleet  bearing  about  east  by  south  from  the 
centre  of  the  British,  the  wind  being  light  from  west-north- 
west,  accompanied  by  a  long  ground  swell.  At  6h.  a.m.  the 
combined  fleet  was  distinctly  seen  from  the  decks  of  the 
British  ships,  the  Victory  being  at  this  time  distant  from. 
Cape  Trafalgar  about  seven  leagues.  At  6h.  40m.  Lord 
Nelson  made  the  signals  to  form  the  order  of  sailing  in  two 
columns  and  prepare  for  battle,  and  in  a  few  minutes  after- 
wards to  bear  up.  At  8h.  30m.  Villeneuve  made  the  signal 
for  his  fleet  to  wear  and  form  a  line  in  close  order  on  the 
larboard  tack  ;  but,  owing  to  the  light  air  of  wind  and  the 
great  swell,  it  was  not  until  lOh.  that  this  movement  was 
accomplished,  and  even  then  the  line,  if  such  it  could  be 
called,  was  very  irregularly  formed  ;  so  much  so,  that  it  was 
nearly  in  the  shape  of  a  crescent,  and,  instead  of  the  ships 
being  in  line  ahead,  some  were  at  a  distance  to  leeward,  and 
others  to  windward  of  their  proper  stations.     For  the  most 


1805.] 


BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR. 


121 


part  the  ships  were  two,  and,  in  some  cases,  three  abreast ; 
and  they  were  generally  under  topsails  and  top-gallant-sails, 
with  main-topsails  to  their  masts.  The  following  is  a  state- 
ment of  the  ships  in  both  fleets,  in  the  relative  order  in 
which  they  went  into  action  : — 


Guns 

100 
9S 
74 

100 
64 

74 

38 


BEITISH  FLEET. 

WEATHEK  DIVISION. 
Ships. 

-y-.  ,  |  Vice- Admiral  Lord  Nelson  (white) 

'     '             ' "  |  Captain  Thomas  Masterman  Hardy 

(  Teme'raire     ,,         Eliab  Harvey 

|  Neptune „         Thomas  F.  Fremantle 

j  Leviathan    „         Henry  W.  Bayntun 

|  Conqueror    „         Israel  Pellew 

p  .,  j  Rear-Adm.  Earl  of  Northesk  (white) 
|  Captain  Charles  Bullen 

J  Agamemnon    ....  ,,          Sir  Edward  Berry 

(  Africa „         Henry  Digby 

(  Ajax     ,,         John  Pilfold  (acting) 

1  Orion    „         Edward  Codrington 

\  Minotaur „         Charles  J.  M.  Mansfield 

(  Spartiate ,,         Sir  Francis  Laforey 

j  Euryalus  . . ,,         Hon.  Hemy  Blackwood 

\  Naiad   ,,         Thomas  Dundas 

Pickle  schooner  .  .  Lieut.     John  R.  Lapenotiere 


LEE  DIVISION. 

1fiA     B       ,  c          .  S  Vice-Adm.  Cuthbert  Collingwood  (blue) 

100     Royal  Sovereign  }  Captain  Edward  Rotheram8 

ha  \  Belleisle   „  William  Hargood 

\  Mars     „  George  Duff 

80     Tonnant   „  Charles  Tyler 

!Bellerophon     ....  „  John  Cooke 

Colossus „  James  Nicoll  Morris 

Achille     „  Richard  King 

98     Dreadnought  ....  „  John  Conn 

64     Polyphemus     ....  „  Robert  Redmill 

f  Revenge „  Robert  Moorsom 

I  Swiftsure „  George  Rutherford 

74  \  Defiance „  Philip  C.  C.  H.  Durham 

Thunderer    „  John  Stockham  (acting) 

I  Defence    „  George  Hope 

98     Prince „  Richard  Grindall 

36  (  Phoebe „  Hon.  Thos.  Bladen  Capel 

\  Sirius   „  William  Prowse 

Entreprenante  cutter  Lieut.  John  Purver 


122 


BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR. 


[1805. 


The  names  of  the  ships  of  the  combined  fleet,  the  Spanish 
being  in  italics,  were  as  follow,  commencing  with  the  north- 
westernmost  : — 


Guns.  Ships. 

INeptuno 
Scipion 
Intrepide 
100     Rayo 
80     Formidable  (flag) 
f  Duguay  Trouin 
Mont  Blanc 
74  \  San  Francisco  de  Asis 
I  San  Auguslin 
LHeros 
130     Santisima  Trinidad  (flag) 
Bucentaure1 
Neptune 
San  Leandro 
Redoutable 
San  Justo 
Indornp  table 


Guns.  Ships. 

112     Santa  Ana 
f  Fougueux 
Monarca 
Pluton 

Alge'siras  (flag) 
74  \  Bahama 
Aigle 
Swiftsure 
Argonaute 
Montanez 
SO     Argonauta 

(  Berwick 
H .  \  San  Juan  Nepomuceno 
J  San  Ildefonso 
{  Acbille 
112    Principe  de  Asturias  (flag) 


The  wind  was  so  light,  that  although  the  British  ships  had 
studding-sails  on  both  sides,  they  did  not  go  more  than  two 
knots  an  hour,  and  scarcely  that,  and  while  the  fleet  was  thus 
slowly  nearing  the  enemy,  Lord  Nelson  -visited  the  different 
decks  of  the  Victory,  cautioning  the  men  not  to  fire  without 
being  sure  of  their  object. 

Thinking  that  the  Victory,  as  the  flag-ship  and  leader  of 
the  column,  would  draw  the  principal  attention  of  the 
enemy's  fire,  it  was  proposed  to  Nelson,  by  Captain  Black- 
wood, that  the  Temeraire  should  go  ahead  of  her ;  and  to 
this  proposal  Lord  Nelson  replied,  "  Oh,  yes  !  let  her  go 
ahead  ;"  but,  at  the  same  time,  had  no  intention  of  allowing 
her  ;  nor  would  he  permit  an  inch  of  canvas  to  be  taken  in. 
The  Victory  continued,  therefore,  to  lead  the  column,  closely 
hugged  by  the  Temeraire. 

Apprehensive  that  the  enemy  might  run  for  Cadiz,  then  at 
no  great  distance  under  their  lee,  Nelson  telegraphed  to 
Collingwood,  "I  intend  to  pass  through  the  van  of  the 
enemy's  line,  to  prevent  hini  from  getting  into  Cadiz."  At 
llh.  40m.  a.m.  Lord  Nelson  ordered  his  last  and  never-to-be- 

1  The  Bucentaure,  although  the  ship  on  board  which  the  French 
commander-in-chief  was,  had  no  jlag  flying.  The  admiral's  flag  was  on 
board  a  frigate. 


ix  ■.. 


I805']  BATTLE  OF  TRAFALGAR.  123 

forgotten  telegraphic  signal  to  be  made,  «  England  expects 

THAT  EVERY  MAN  WILL  DO  HIS  DUTY,"*  and  the  purport  of  this 

signal  having  been  communicated  to  the  men  at  their  quar- 
ters it  was  greeted  with  three  hearty  cheers,  and  excited  the 
most  lively  enthusiasm  among  officers  and  men. 

The  Fougiieux,  the  ship  next  astern  to  the  Santa  Ana, 
about  ten  minutes  before  noon,  fired  a  shot  to  try  the  rang* 
of  her  guns  ;  upon  which  the  Victory  and  all  the  British 
ships  hoisted  their  colours.  Both  divisions  of  the  fleet  wore 
the  bt.  Georges  ensign,  the  better  to  distinguish  them  from 
the  enemy,  together  with  a  union-jack  on  the  fore-topmast 
stay,  and  many  on  the  main-topmast  stay  also.  Shortly 
afterwards  the  combined  fleets  hoisted  their  colours;  and  the 
banta  Ana,  with  several  ships  ahead  and  astern,  commenced 
a  heavy  fire  upon  the  Boyal  Sovereign,  then  bearing  from  the 
Victory  south-east  two  miles,  and  from  the  Belleisle  east  bY 
north,  distant  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile.  At  ten  minutes 
past^  noon,  the  Royal  Sovereign  commenced  the  action  bv 
passing  close  under  the  stern  of  the  Santa  Ana,  discharger 
every  gun  of  her  larboard  broadside  as  it  came  to  bear  :  theS 
luffing  round,  she  took  up  her  station  on  the  starboard  bow 
of  her  opponent.  In  breaking  through  the  line  the  Boyal 
{sovereign  fired  her  starboard  broadside  into  the  Fououeux 

ihe  feelings  of  the  two  noble  admirals  almost  at  the  same 
moment  found  utterance  :  CoUingwood,  as  his  ship  was  thus 
gallantly  commencing  the  fight,  observed  to  Captain  Rotheram, 
m  What  would  Nelson  give  to  be  here!"  and  at  the  same 
instant  Nelson,  observing  his  friend  in  his  enviable  position 
exclaimed,  «  See  how  nobly  CoUingwood  carries  his  ship  into 
action.  L 

The  Boyal  Sovereign,  while  closely  engaging  the  Spanish 

W^  TlTS  Which  Tfre  USed  in  comP°sing  this  celebrated  signal     ' 
have  lately  been   correctly  ascertained,  and  arranged  in  the  orderin 
which  they  were  hoisted,  by  the  late  Commander  Jeaffreson  Mdes   an 
old  and  mentorious  officer,  whose  name  is  mentioned  with  credifin these 
pages,  and  who  has  kindly  fnrnished  the  design  nsed  for  the  ZneZ 

it  ™PT of  *hefi8Tnd  volume  of  this  work> wSich  embodi*s  thSal 

It  may  here  be  further  mentioned,  in  reference  to  this  si-nal  unon  tht 
authority  of  Kear-AdmiralJohn  Pasco,  who  was  signal-1  iSant  of  the 
Victory  at  the  time  that  Lord  Nelson  first  gave  dh-ec  ions  f"  th  fijj 
WA  Iff        TfiCl€SC  &C"  but  that  the  word  confident 

^^^^^  rsrtesduggested  the  w  -"' to 


124  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

three-decker,  was  raked  distantly  by  the  San  Leandro-  ahead, 
Fougueux  on  her  quarter,  and  the  San  Justo  and  Indonipta- 
ble  also  fired  at  her  with  some  effect,  until  succeeding  ships 
engaged  their  more  particular  attention.  The  Santa  Ana 
lost  her  mizen-topmast  about  five  minutes  afterwards,  just  as 
the  Belleisle,  with  a  well-directed  broadside,  raked  her  with 
full  effect,  and  at  lh.  20m.  p.m.  her  three  masts  fell  over  the 
side.  At  2h.  10m.  the  Santa  Ana  struck  her  colours,  having, 
with  the  exception  of  the  broadside  from  the  Belleisle, 
been  exclusively  engaged  by  the  Royal  Sovereign.  Just  at 
this  latter  period  the  mizenmast  of  the  Royal  Sovereign 
came  down,  and  soon  afterwards  the  mainmast  fell  over  the 
starboard  side,  tearing  off  two  lower-deck  ports.  The  fore- 
mast was  also  badly  wounded,  and  having  been  stripped  of  a 
great  part  of  the  lower  rigging,  was  left  in  a  tottering 
state. 

After  having  for  twenty  minutes  sustained  the  tremendous 
fire  opened  upon  her  by  the  rear  of  the  combined  fleet,  which, 
from  its  irregular  form,  brought  the  sternmost  ships  of  the 
enemy  abaft  her  beam,  and  having  her  mizen-topmast  over 
the  larboard  quarter,  her  sails  in  ribands,  and  more  than 
fifty  killed  and  wounded,  the  Belleisle,  with  the  remains  of 
studding  sails,  lower  and  aloft,  ranged  close  under  the  stern 
of  the  Santa  Ana,  at  about  quarter  past  noon.  After  filing 
her  larboard  guns  double  shotted  into  that  ship,  and  return- 
ing the  fire  of  the  Fougueux  and  Monarca  with  her  starboard 
broadside,  the  Belleisle  steered  for  the  Indomptable,  which 
latter  ship,  to  avoid  her  fire,  put  her  helm  up,  and,  after  a 
few  broadsides,  bore  away  to  the  south-east.  In  the  mean- 
while the  Belleisle  was  engaged  distantly  by  the  San  Juan 
Nepomuceno,  on  her  starboard  beam,  and  at  forty-five  minutes 
past  noon  her  main-topmast  was  shot  away.  As  the  enemy's 
rear  ships  were  now  pressing  forward,  the  Belleisle's  situation 
became  very  critical.  The  Fougueux  ranged  up  on  her  star- 
board side,  striking  her  on  the  gangway  with  her  larboard  bow, 
rolling  at  the  same  time  with  her  foreyard  over  the  British 
ship's  quarter-deck.  These  two  ships  then  became  warmly 
engaged,  and  in  ten  minutes  the  Belleisle's  mizenmast  was 
shot  away,  about  six  feet  above  the  deck,  the  wreck  falling 
over  the  larboard  quarter.  Ten  minutes  afterwards  the 
Fougueux  dropped  astern,  and  hauled  to  the  northward, 


1805.]  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  125 

where  we  shall  again  have  occasion  to  notice  her.  At  lh.  30m. 
the  Achille  came  down  under  the  stern  of  the  Belleisle,  then 
lying  unmanageable,  with  her  head  to  the  eastward,  and, 
having  taken  her  station  on  the  larboard  quarter,  opened  her 
fire.  To  this  no  return  could  be  made,  in  consequence  of  the 
wreck  of  the  mizenmast,  which  masked  the  Belleisle's  after- 
guns.  The  Aigle,  having  replaced  the  San  Juan,  was  can- 
nonading the  Belleisle  on  the  starboard  side  ;  and  the  San 
Justo  and  Leandro,  in  crossing  her  bows,  to  join  Gravina,  in 
the  rear,  opened  a  passing  fire.  Thus,  surrounded  by  enemies, 
the  Belleisle,  at  2h.  10m.,  lost  her  mainmast  close  to  the 
deck,  which  fell  aft  on  the  larboard  side  of  the  poop,  while 
the  wreck  of  the  topmast,  with  the  yards  and  sails,  hung  over 
the  starboard  side.  At  3h.  30m.,  an  80-gun  ship,  supposed 
to  have  been  the  French  Neptune  (driven  from  her  position 
on  the  bows  of  the  Victory  by  the  Temeraire),  placed  herself 
on  the  starboard  bow  of  the  Belleisle ;  and,  at  2h.  45m.,  the 
foremast  and  bowsprit  of  the  latter  were  shot  away.  At 
3h.  15m.  the  Polyphemus  interposed  between  the  Belleisle 
and  Neptune,  the  Aigle  became  engaged  by  the  Defiance, 
and  at  3h.  25m.  the  Swiftsure  passed  under  the  Belleisle's 
stern,  and,  manning  her  rigging,  gave  the  gallant  ship  three 
cheers,  and  took  off  the  fire  of  the  Achille.  An  ensign 
lashed  to  the  topsail- yardarm  projecting  over  the  quarter, 
and  a  union-jack  secured  to  a  boarding-pike  and  lashed  to  the 
stump  of  her  mizenmast,  proved  that,  although  dismasted, 
the  Belleisle  was  not  subdued  ;  yet,  sensible  of  the  valuable 
assistance  thus  handsomely  rendered,  the  Swiftsure's  cheers 
were  warmly  responded  to. 

The  Mars,  in  her  way  down,  suffered  severely  from  the 
raking  fire  of  the  San  Juan  Nepomuceno,  Pluton,  Monarca, 
and  Algesiras.  As  the  Mars  steered  to  cut  the  line  between 
the  two  first  of  these  ships,  the  Pluton,  which  was  to  wind- 
ward of  the  San  Juan,  ranged  ahead,  which  induced  the 
Mars,  to  avoid  being  raked  by  the  French  ship,  to  haul  up, 
and  endeavour  to  cross  the  San  Juan's  bows.  In  attempting 
this  manoeuvre  the  Mars  was  followed  and  engaged  by  the 
Pluton ;  and  having  her  rigging  and  sails  greatly  damaged,  she 
was  obliged  to  come  head  to  wind,  to  avoid  running  on  board 
the  Santa  Ana ;  thus  exposing  her  stern  to  the  raking  fire 
of  the  Monarca  and  Algesiras.     From  this  dilemma  she  was 


126  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

relieved  by  the  Tonnant.  As  the  Mars  fell  off  she  became 
exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  Fougueux,  and  subsequently 
to  a  very  destructive  fire  from  the  Pluton  also.  At  about 
lh.  15m.  Captain  Duff,  while  standing  on  the  break  of  the 
quarter-deck,  looking  over  the  side,  had  his  head  shot  off  by 
a  cannon-ball  from  the  Pluton.  The  same  shot  also  killed 
two  seamen.  The  command  then  devolved  upon  Lieutenant 
William  Hennah.  Other  British  ships  arming  up,  the 
Pougueux  made  off  to  the  northward,  in  the  direction  of  the 
Temeraire,  and  the  Pluton  stood  to  the  south-east  to  join 
Gravina. 

The  Tonnant  steered  for  the  bow  of  the  Algesiras,  which 
ship  was  on  the  lee  quarter  of  the  Monarca,  with  her  main- 
topsail  to  the  mast.  At  forty-five  minutes  past  noon  the 
Tonnant  passed  close  under  the  stern  of  the  Monarca,  pour- 
ing in  a  raking  fire,  and  then  hauling  up  alongside.  The 
Spaniard,  after  sustaining  this  fire  a  short  time,  dropped 
astern  and  struck  her  colours,  but  afterwards  rehoisted  them. 
The  Algesiras,  filling  her  main-topsail,  then  endeavoured  to 
luff  across  the  stern  of  the  Tonnant,  which  ship  had  by  this 
time  lost  her  fore-topmast  and  mainyard  ;  but  the  latter, 
putting  her  helm  hard  a-port,  bore  round  up,  and  ran  the 
French  ship  on  board,  the  bowsprit  and  anchor  of  the 
Algesiras  getting  entangled  in  the  Tonnant's  main  rigging. 
Whilst  thus  engaged  on  the  starboard  side,  the  Tonnant 
fired  her  larboard  guns,  across  the  bows  of  the  Mars,  at  the 
Pluton  and  San  Juan.  At  lh.  40m.  Captain  Tyler  received 
a  severe  wound,  which  obliged  him  to  be  taken  below,  and 
the  command  of  the  ship  devolved  on  Lieutenant  John 
Bedford.  At  about  the  same  time  the  Algesiras  lost  her 
foremast,  and  the  Tonnant  her  main  and  mizen-topmasts.  The 
crew  of  the  Algesiras  now  made  a  resolute  attempt  to  board, 
but  the  steady  fire  of  the  Tonnant's  marines  defeated  it. 
At  2h.  20m.,  just  as  her  main  and  mrzen-masts  were  about 
to  share  the  fate  of  the  foremast,  the  Algesiras  hauled  down 
her  colours.  Lieutenant  Charles  Bennett,  with  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Arthur  Ball,  and  about  fifty  men,  then  boarded 
and  took  possession  of  the  prize.  Just  before  3h.  the  San 
Juan  hailed  to  say  that  she  had  surrendered,  and  Lieutenant 
Benjamin  Clement  was  sent  in  the  jolly-boat,  with  two  men, 
to  take  possession  of  her  ;  but  the  boat,  being  damaged  by 


1805.]  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  127 

shot,  swamped  before  she  had  proceeded  half-way.  The 
lieutenant  could  not  swim,  and  while  clinging  to  the  boat  a 
shot  struck  it  upon  the  quarter.  The  boat  then  turned 
bottom  upwards,  but  Clement  continued  to  hold  on  while  one 
of  his  boat's  crew  swam  to  the  Tonnant  and  returned  with  a 
rope,  by  which  means  this  brave  young  officer,  who  had  pre- 
viously been  in  two  general  actions,  was  saved.  Having  then 
no  boat  left,  the  Tonnant  could  not  take  possession  of  the 
San  Juan ;  but  that  ship  was  afterwards  engaged  and  secured 
by  the  Dreadnought.  The  Tonnant  fired  a  few  shot  at 
Dumanoir's  squadron,  passing  to  windward. 

About  fifty  minutes  past  noon,  and  five  after  the  Tonnant 
had  commenced  the  action,  the  Bellerophon  passed  under  the 
stern  of  the  Monarca,  as  she  dropped  clear  of  the  Tonnant. 
The  Bellerophon's  helm  was  immediately  put  hard  a-starboard 
to  lay  the  Monarca  alongside  ;  but  not  being  sufficients 
under  command,  she  ran  foul  of  the  Aigle  (the  main-yard  of 
the  French  ship  locking  with  her  fore-yard),  and  thus  became 
engaged  on  both  sides.  The  Montanez,  French  Swiftsure, 
and  Bahama,  at  the  same  time,  brought  their  guns  to  bear  on 
the  British  ship,  and,  at  about  lh.,  the  Bellerophon's  main 
and  mizen  topmasts  fell  over  the  starboard  side,  causing  the 
sails  to  take  lire  from  the  explosion  of  the  guns.  At  lh.  5m. 
the  master,  Edward  Overton,  was  killed;  and  at  lh.  10m. 
Captain  Cooke  fell  mortally  wounded.  The  command  then 
devolved  on  Lieutenant  Pryce  Cumby.  The  Montanez, 
Swiftsure,  and  Bahama  soon  became  engaged  by  the  Colossus 
and  succeeding  British  ships,  and,  at  lh.  40m.,  the  Ai<de 
sheered  on;  and,  as  she  payed  round  before  the  wind,  became 
exposed  to  a  raking  fire  from  the  Bellerophon.  The  Bellero- 
phon having  fired  a  few  shot  at  the  Monarca,  that  ship 
hauled  down  her  colours,  and  was  taken  possession  of  by  a 
boat  from  the  Bellerophon;  and,  nearly  at  the  same  time,  the 
Bahama  surrendered  to  the  Colossus. 

The  Colossus,  at  lh.  p.m.,  ran  past  the  starboard  side  of  the 
French  Swiftsure,  which  ship  had  bore  up  to  avoid  beino- 
raked,  as  well  as  to  bring  her  larboard  guns  to  bear  on  the 
Bellerophon,  and,  having  run  a  short  distance  to  leeward,  the 
Colossus  laid  the  Argonaute  alongside,  and,  with  their  yard- 
arms  locking,  an  animated  fire  was  kept  up  for  ten  minutes, 
when  the  latter  fell  off  and  dropped  astern,  receiving  the 


128  BATTLE    OF    TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

raking  fire  of  the  Colossus  into  her  stern  and  quarters.1  The 
Colossus  was  also  engaged  by  the  Swiftsure  on  her  larboard 
quarter,  and  with  the  Bahama,  which  lay  a  little  ahead  of  the 
Swiftsure,  and  fired  at  the  Colossus,  across  the  French  ship's 
bows.  About  3h.,  the  Swiftsure,  having  dropped  astern,  the 
Colossus  was  enabled  to  devote  her  whole  attention  to  the 
Bahama,  and  the  mainmast  of  the  latter  falling,  she  showed 
an  English  jack  to  denote  surrender.  The  Swiftsure,  in  the 
mean  time,  bore  up  with  the  intention  of  passing  under  the 
stern  of  the  Colossus  ;  but  the  latter,  wearing  round,  brought 
her  starboard  guns  to  bear  with  such  effect  as  to  knock  away 
the  Swiftsure's  mizenmast,  and  the  Orion,  passing  at  the 
same  time,  by  a  broadside,  brought  down  her  mainmast.  The 
Swiftsure,  in  this  defenceless  state,  signified  to  the  Colossus 
that  she  had  surrendered.  In  hauling  up  to  secure  her 
prizes,  the  mizenmast  of  the  Colossus  went  over  the  side. 

The  British  Achille  was  only  a  few  minutes  after  the 
Colossus.  This  ship  passed  under  the  stern  of  the  Montanez, 
then  luffed  up  and  engaged  her  to  leeward.  In  less  than  a 
quarter  of  an  hour  the  Montanez  sheered  off,  and  the  Achille 
made  sail  to  succour  the  Belleisle,  then  lying,  as  before  stated, 
totally  dismasted  and  surrounded  by  enemy's  ships.  But  on 
her  way  down,  the  Achille  became  closely  engaged  with  the 
Argonauta  ;  and  after  a  warm  action  of  long  continuance 
with  tins  ship,  the  French  Achille  edged  down  on  the  British 
ship's  quarter,  while  the  Berwick,  after  engaging  the  Defence, 
ranged  up  on  her  starboard  side.  The  French  Achille  then 
passed  on  in  the  direction  of  the  Belleisle.  After  an  hour's 
action  between  the  British  Achille  and  Berwick,  the  French 
colours  were  hauled  down,  and  the  Berwick  was  taken  posses- 
sion of  by  a  boat  from  the  Achille. 

At  2h.  p.m.  the  Dreadnought  commenced  action  with  the 
San  Juan,  and  fifteen  minutes  afterwards  ran  the  Spanish 
ship  on  board,  and  the  latter,  after  a  noble  defence,  at  length 
surrendered.    The  San  Juan  had  been  previously  engaged  by 

1  Just  as  the  Argonaute  sheered  off,  Captain  Morris  was  struck  by  a 
shot  a  little  above  the  knee.  This  gallant  officer  refused  to  go  below ; 
but,  applying  a  tourniquet  to  his  thigh,  remained  at  his  station,  near  I 
the  head  of  the  poop-ladder,  until  the  mizenmast  being  in  danger  of! 
falling,  he  descended  to  the  quarter-deck,  which  he  would  not  quit  until  i 
the  action  had  ceased  and  the  Agamemnon  had  taken  the  ship  in  tow. 


1805.]  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  120 

the  Bellerophon,  Defiance,  Tonnant,  and  others.  The  Dread- 
nought then  opened  fire  upon  the  Principe  de  Asturias,  but 
after  a  few  broadsides  the  Spanish  ship  hauled  off. 

The  Polyphemus  had  yawed  to  starboard  to  permit  the 
Dreadnought  to  advance  upon  the  Principe  de  Asturias,  and 
then  endeavoured  to  regain  her  station  ;  but  observing  the 
Swiftsure  coming  up,  she  also  permitted  that  ship  to  pass 
ahead  of  her.  About  3h.  25m.,  the  British  Swiftsure,  having 
rounded  the  Eelleisle,  hauled  away  to  the  south-east  after 
the  French  Achille,  and,  crossing  under  her  stern,  took  a 
position  to  leeward  ;  and  the  Polyphemus  having  received 
some  injury  from  the  French  Neptune,  whose  fire,  as  before 
stated,  she  took  from  the  Eelleisle,  then  placed  herself  on  the 
Achilles  weather  quarter.  In  about  half  an  hour  the  Achille 
had  lost  her  mizen-mast  and  fore-yard,  and  having  caught 
fire  in  the  fore-top,  ceased  firing.  The  Polyphemus  then 
stood  towards  the  San  Ildefonso,  already  engaged  by  the 
Defence,  and  to  which  ship  she  surrendered  before  the  Poly- 
phemus could  get  up.  As  the  Swiftsure  was  hauling  off  from 
the  Achille,  the  Prince  bore  down  between  the  two  ships. 

As  the  Revenge  was  attempting  to  break  the  enemy's  line, 
if  such  it  could  at  this  time  be  called,  she  passed  so  close  to 
the  Aigle,  that  the  jib-boom  of  the  French  ship  hooked  her 
mizen-topsail,  and  while  thus  entangled,  she  poured  a  very 
destructive  raking  fire  into  the  Aigle's  bows.  The  Revenge, 
having  forged  ahead  of  the  Aigle,  stood  on ;  and  as  she 
hauled  up  on  the  larboard  tack,  the  Principe  de  Asturias 
opened  fire  upon  her.  The  Revenge  was  also  fired  at  by  the 
Indomptable  and  San  Justo,  and  continued  to  be  engaged  by 
them,  until  the  Dreadnought  and  Thunderer  coming  up, 
brought  those  ships  to  action.  The  Spanish  three-decker, 
with  the  most  efficient  of  her  division,  soon  afterwards  bore 
away  towards  Cadiz. 

About  2h.  30m.  the  Defence  commenced  action  with  the 
Berwick,  which  ship  in  less  than  half  an  hour  hauled  off, 
and  was  engaged  by  the  British  Achille  as^  before  stated. 
"The  Defence  then  opened  her  broadside  on  the  San  Ildefonso, 
and  after  an  hour's  action  compelled  the  Spanish  ship  to  haul 
down  her  colours. 

The  Thunderer,  at  3h.  p.m.,  having  approached  to  the 
assistance  of  the  Revenge,  crossed  the  bows  of  the  Principe 

VOL.  II.  K 


130  CATTLE    OF    TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

de  Astuvias,  and  ha\  ing  ;i!  some  distance  raked  her,  came  to 
the  wind  on  the  starboard  tack.  The  French  Neptune,  in 
advancing  to  the  assistance  of  the  Principe,  engaged  the 
Thunderer  for  a  short  time,  when  those  two  ships  of  the 
enemy,  and  some  others,  made  off.  The  Principe  de  Asturias 
had  been  partially  engaged  by  the  Revenge,  Defiance,  and 
Prince,  and  she  was  for  some  tune  in  action  with  the  Dread- 
nought also.  In  her  various  encounters,  her  masts  sustained 
so  much  injury,  that  her  main  and  mizen-masts  fell  during 
the  night. 

The  Defiance,  at  3h.  p.m.,  closed  with  the  crippled  Aigle, 
and  having  lashed  alongside,  a  portion  of  the  crew,  headed 
by  Lieutenant  Thomas  Simons,  boarded  her  with  very  little 
resistance,  and  gained  possession  of  the  poop  and  quarter- 
deck. The  party  then  hauled  down  the  French  ensign,  and 
replaced  it  with  the  British  :  but  the  assailants  were  very 
soon  driven  from  their  position  by  a  destructive  fire  of 
musketry  opened  upon  them  from  the  forecastle,  waist,  and 
tops  of  the  Aigle,  by  which  Lieutenant  Simons  was  mortally 
wounded.1  The  lashings  which  held  the  two  ships  together 
being  cut,  the  Defiance  sheered  off  to  pistol-shot  distance, 
and  alter  a  well-directed  fire  of  twenty  minutes,  some  one  in 
the  Aigle  hailed  to  say  they  surrendered,  and  she  was  accord- 
ingly taken  possession  of  by  a  boat  from  the  Defiance.  The 
San  Juan  Nepomuceno  was  also  boarded  and  taken  possession 
of  by  the  Defiance's  boats  ;  but  this  ship,  having  previously 
surrendered  to  the  Dreadnought,  Captain  Durham  sent  her 
captain  on  board  that  slup. 

Having,  for  the  sake  of  perspicuity,  kept  our  readers' 
attention  to  the  lee  line,  we  proceed  to  narrate  the  deeds 
of  the  weather  column,  which  was  led  by  the  immortal 
Nelson.  Perceiving,  as  he  neared  the  enemy,  his  old  act  juaint- 
ance  the  Santi-iina  Trinidad,  and  being  unable  to  discover 
the  Hag-ship  of  the  French  cornmander-in-iihiof,  Lord  Nelson 
ojrdeied  the  Victory  to  be  steered  for  the  four-decker,  con- 
sidering that,  tin-  ravneli  admiral  was  at  no  great  distant  8 
from  this  t'orniidalile  ship.  The  event  proved  the  accuracy  <>r 
Ins  conjecture. 

1  The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  a  pieoe  of  plate,  value  100  guineas,  to  the 
father  of  this  gallant  young  man,  to  mark  their  sense  of  the  son's  heroic 
conduct. 


1805.]  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  131 

As  the  Victory  rolled  down  at  a  sluggish  pace  towards  the 
enemy,  every  glass  was  in  requisition,  in  the  hope  of  discover- 
ing the  ship  which  the  Victory  was,  if  possible,  to  engage 
Nelson's  anxiety  was  extreme,  and  so  little  did  he  value  the 
suggestions  of  caution,  that  he  would  not  permit  the  ham- 
mocks to  be  stowed  higher  than  usual,  because  they  would 
have  obscured  Ins  view  of  the  enemy's  ships.  And  yet  his 
mind  was  intent  at  the  same  time  to  guard  against  injury  to 
his  ship.  The  hammocks  were,  as  usual,  covered  with  black 
painted  cloths  ;  but  knowing  the  danger  to  be  apprehended 
from  fire  in  the  close  action  to  which  the  slnp  was  about  to 
be  subjected,  he  gave  directions  for  the  white  canvass  cloths 
to  be  brought  up  from  below,  and  spread  over  all.  These 
were  then  thoroughly  saturated  with  water,  and  doubtless 
afforded  much  protection  dining  the  action. 

At  about  twenty  minutes  past  noon,  the  Bucentauiv  filed 
a  shot  at  the  Victory.  The  shot  fell  short,  but  in  two  or 
three  minutes,  a  second  shot  pitched  close  alongside  ;  a  third 
and  a  fourth  followed  in  quick  succession,  one  passing  over 
the  ship,  and  another  making  a  hole  in  the  maintop -gallant 
sail,  thus  giving  a  visible  proof  that  the  ship  was  within 
range.  A  minute's  awful  pause  ensued,  and  then,  as  if  by 
signal,  seven  or  eight  ships  opened  a  fire  upon  the  Victory  el" 
the  most  destructive  and  trying  kind.  Mr.  Scott,  the 
admiral's  secretary,  while  conversing  with  Captain  Hardy, 
was  shot  dead.  Judging,  from  the  course  pursued  by  the  lee 
division,  that  it  was  the  British  admiral's  intention  also  to 
pass  through  the  line,  the  enemy  closed  towards  that  point 
to  which  the  Victoiy  was  advancing.  The  Santa  Ana,  how- 
ever, remaining  stationary,  engaged  by  the  Sovereign,  and 
the  ships  near  her  having  full  employment  front  the  immediate 
followers  of  Collingwood,  the  enemy's  fleet  was  divided 
nearly  in  the  centre — leaving  fourteen  ships  in  the  van,  and 
nineteen  in  the  rear  division,  "with  a  space  of  nearly  a  mile 
between  them. 

The  Victory  had  arrived  within  500  or  GOO  yards  of  the 
enemy,  when  her  mizen-topmast  was  shot  away,  and  also  her 
wheel,  so  that  she  was  obliged  to  be  steered  by  the  relieving 
tackles  below.  A  shot  about  this  time  killed  eight  marines 
on  the  poop,  after  which  Captain  Adair,  by  Lord  Nelson's 
request,  ordered  his  men  to  lie  down — a  precaution  that  was 
k2 


132 


BATTLE    OF    TRAFALGAR. 


[1805. 


adopted  in  the  Belleisle  and  many  other  ships — before  the 
enemy  opened  their  fire.  Shortly  afterwards,  a  splinter  from 
the  fore-brace  bits  passed  between  Nelson  and  Hardy,  and  a 
part  of  it  tore  away  the  buckle  from  the  shoe  of  the  latter. 
Both  looked  earnestly  and  anxiously,  each  supposing  the 
other  to  have  been  injured.  Nelson  smiled,  and  said,  "  This 
is  too  warm  work  to  last  long,  Hardy."  Captain  Hardy  re- 
marked to  his  lordship  the  impossibility  of  getting  through 
the  cluster  of  ships  ahead  without  running  foul  of  one  oi 
them  ;  to  which  his  lordship  quickly  replied,  "  I  cannot  heir 
it  :  it  does  not  signify  which  we  run  on  board  of ;  go  or 
board  which  you  please  :  take  your  choice." 

By  this  time  the  Victory  (whose  sails  were  hanging  ii 
ribands)  had  lost  full  fifty  men  killed  and  wounded ;  but  i1 
was  now  her  turn  to  begin.  Having  at  length  determined 
to  pass  under  the  stern  of  the  Bucentaure,  as  the  only  mod* 
of  breaking  the  line,  the  Victory's  helm,  at  about  lh.  p.m. 
was  put  hard  a-port,  but  there  was  scarcely  space  enough  t( 
enable  her  to  go  clear.  The  Victory,  therefore,  passed  s< 
close  to  the  larboard  side  of  the  Bucentaure,  that  as  sh( 
poured  her  well-directed  and  tremendous  broadside  into  tha1 
ship,  the  effect  of  it  was  so  great,  that  the  French  ship  wai 
observed  to  heel  two  or  three  streaks  on  receiving  it.  Th< 
Victory  then  hauled  round  as  close  under  the  stern  of  tin 
French  ship  as  was  practicable,  in  the  hope  of  bringing  he: 
to  action  to  leeward,  but  this  was  prevented  by  the  advance 
of  the  Bedoutable.  This  we  will  endeavour  to  illustrate  ty 
a  diagram,  showing  the  Victory's  track. 


SANJL£ANORO.        /  ^| 

REDOUBT 

sanltrw.             *" :.;       YfP 

victory:  £5^ 

^V          IK.  PM 

SANtLEANDR*               v^. 

sanitt^.:                V(c:     J      :Ateni: 
-5Qji       bucem:          /         C^ 

^  -my  / 

1805.]  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  133 

The  best  bower-anchor  of  the  Victoiy  broke  the  spare 
anchor  of  the  Redoutable,  and  the  concussion  drove  the  latter 
round  off,  nearly  before  the  wind.  (See  diagram.)  This 
happened  at  about  lh.  10m.  p.m.  The  ships  would,  however, 
in  all  probability,  have  separated,  had  not  their  lower 
yardarnis  been  foul,  which  kept  them  fast  together. 
The  larboard  broadside  of  the  Victory  was,  therefore,  con- 
stantly employed  upon  the  Bucentaure  and  Santisima,  but 
principally  upon  the  latter,  and  her  starboard  guns  found 
full  employment  with  the  Eedoutable,  her  immediate  oppo- 
nent. 

Nelson  continued  pacing  the  quarter-deck  with  Hardy, 
their  walk  being  bounded  abaft  by  the  wheel,  and  forward 
by  the  companion-ladder,  a  distance  of  about  twenty-five  feet 
only.  At  lh.  25m.  Ins  lordship  was  about  to  turn  to  walk 
aft,  when  he  received  the  fatal  bullet.  Hardy  turning,  ob- 
served his  admiral  in  the  act  of  falling  ;  and  before  he  could 
prevent  it,  his  lordship  fell  on  his  knees,  with  his  left  hand 
just  touching  the  deck,  very  near  to  the  spot  whereon 
his  secretary,  Mr.  Scott,  had  fallen.  On  Captain  Hardy's 
expressing  a  hope  that  Ins  lordship  was  not  severely  wounded, 
Nelson  said,  "  They  have  done  for  me  at  last,  Hardy."  "I 
hope  not,"  replied  the  captain.  "Yes,"  continued  his  lordshij), 
I  my  backbone  is  shot  through."  A  musket-ball  had  entered 
the  left  shoulder,  through  the  strap  of  the  epaulette,1  and, 
descending,  had  lodged  in  the  spine.2   Sergeant  Seeker,  of  the 

1  The  coat  and  waistcoat  worn  by  Nelson  (the  former  still  decorated 
with  four  orders  and  the  epaulettes)  are  now  deposited  in  the  Painted 
Hall  at  Greenwich.  The  course  taken  by  the  fatal  bullet  is  there  dis- 
tinctly shown  by  the  tattered  bullion  of  the  epaulette.  The  recovery  of 
this  relic  is  in  great  part  attributable  to  Mrs.  Horatio  Nelson  Ward,  the 
hero's  adopted  daughter,  who,  through  the  late  Sir  N.  H.  Nicolas,  made 
it  known  to  his  Royal  Highness  Prince  Albert  that  so  invaluable  a 
memento  of  the  deceased  hero  was  obtainable.  The  prince  immediately 
ordered  the  coat  to  be  purchased  and  presented  to  Greenwich  Hospital. 

2  The  direction  taken  by  the  bullet  proves  that  it  must  have  been 
fired  from  aloft,  and  it  doubtless  came  from  the  mizentop  of  the  Redout- 
able  ;  but  there  is  scarcely  sufficient  reason  for  believing  that  it  was 
aimed  in  particular  at  Lord  Nelson.  It  was  most  probably  a  chance 
shot ;  but  notwithstanding  this,  the  direction  from  which  it  came  led  to 
the  destruction  of  every  man  in  the  mizentop  of  the  Redoutable  by  the 
enraged  crew  of  the  Victory.  Captain  Adair  immediately  snatched  up 
a  musket,  and  with  a  midshipman,  John  Pollard,  and  many  others,  con- 
tinued to  fire  at  the  men  in  the  mizentop  of  the  Redoutable,  until  one 


134  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

marines,  and  two  seamen  conveyed  the  wounded  hero  to  the 
cockpit. 

The  loss  had  been  so  severe  on  the  quarter-deck  and  poop 
of  the  Victory,  that  Captain  Hardy,  Captain  Adair  of  the 
marines,  and  two  or  three  officers,  were  nearly  all  that 
remained.  Observing  the  deserted  appearance  of  the  deck, 
the  captain  of  the  Redoutable  ordered  an  attempt  to  be  made 
to  board ;  but  the  remaining  marines,  assisted  by  a  few 
small-arm  men,  kept  ujd  so  continual  and  animated  a  fire, 
that  the  men  assembled  in  the  main  rigging  with  this  inten- 
tion were  shot  down  as  fast  as  they  appeared.  In  repelling 
this  attack,  the  gallant  Adair  was  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
Ram  mortally,  and  George  A.  Westphal,  midshipman,  severely 
wounded  :  many  seamen  and  marines  also  fell. 

At  about  lh.  35m.,  the  Temeraire  ran  on  board  the 
Redoutable,  on  the  starboard  bow,  and  lashed  the  French 
ship's  bowsprit  to  the  fore  part  of  her  main  rigging.  While 
in  this  position  her  foresail  was  set  on  fire  by  grenades 
thrown  from  the  French  ship,  but  the  fire,  by  much  exertion, 
was  extinguished.  The  firing  having  at  length  entirely 
ceased,  Captain  Hardy  sent  David  Ogilvie  and  Francis 
Colling  wood,  midshipmen,  with  a  sergeant  of  marines  and 
eight  men,  on  board  the  Redoutable,  to  assist  in  extinguish- 
ing a  fire  which  had  broken  out  on  board.  The  party, 
although  under  the  necessity  of  getting  on  board  by  means 
of  a  boat,  and  through  the  gun-room  ports,  met  with  no 
opposition,  thereby  proving  that  all  hostility  had  ceased. 

The  Temeraire  with  some  difficulty,  owing  to  her  being 
very  light,  kept  astern,  or  rather  upon  the  starboard  quarter, 
of  the  Victory,  sustaining  as  well  as  the  Victory  much  loss 
and  damage  from  the  fire  of  the  enemy.  When  the  Victory 
put  her  helm  a-port  to  attack  the  Bucentaure,  the  Temeraire 
was  obliged  to  do  the  same,  to  keep  clear  of  her  leader,  and, 
from  this  cause  and  the  absence  of  any  wind,  was  some  time 
in  finding  an  antagonist  to  herself.  At  length  she  hauled 
round  the  Redoutable  at  some  short  distance,  receiving  her 
starboard  broadside,  winch  carried  away  the  head  of  her 
mizen-topmast.      The   Temeraire,   however,   could  make  no 

by  one  they  were  observed  to  fall.  Lord  Nelson  was  scarcely  known  by 
the  enemy  to  be  on  board  the  fleet,  indeed  it  was  believed  at  the  time  he 
was  in  England. 


1805.]  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  135 

return  to  this  fire,  on  account  of  the  position  occupied  by 
the  Victory,  but  passed  on,  and  for  a  time  engaged  the  Nep- 
tune. At  the  time  before  stated,  the  two  ships — Victory 
and  Redoutable — coming  down  under  the  influence  of  the 
swell  and  light  air  of  wind,  gradually  closed  upon  the  Tem£- 
raire,  and  the  latter  was  added  to  the  group  in  the  manner 
described.  About  2h.  p.m.,  just  as  the  Victory  was  booming 
off  from  the  Redoutable,  the  Fougueux  was  observed  on  the 
starboard  side  of  the  Temeraire.  After  quitting  the  Belle- 
isle,  she  had  stretched  across  to  the  northward,  and  now 
approached  with  a  crowd  of  men  on  the  forecastle,  apparently 
intending  to  board  the  British  ship.  The  Temeraire  permitted 
the  Fougueux  to  approach  within  a  few  yards,  and  then 
fired  her  starboard  guns  with  tremendous  effect.  In  the 
confusion,  the  Fougueux  fell  on  board  the  Temeraire,  and  her 
fore-rigging  was  immediately  lashed  to  the  sheet-anchor  of 
the  latter.  Lieutenant  Thomas  F.  Kennedy,  with  James 
Arscott,  mate,  Robert  Holgate,  midshipman,  and  about  thirty 
men,  then  boarded  the  Fougueux.  On  the  French  ship's 
deck  were  M.  Beaudoin,  her  captain  (mortally  wounded),  and 
the  second  captain,  and  remaining  officers,  encouraging  their 
men  to  repel  the  boarders.  In  about  ten  minutes  the  brave 
defenders  of  the  Fougueux  were  driven  below,  and  the  ship 
in  complete  possession  of  the  Temeraire.  The  main  and 
mizen-masts  of  the  Redoutable  came  down,  and  shortly 
afterwards  the  mainmast  fell  on  board  the  Temeraire,  thereby 
forming  a  bridge;  and  at  2h.  20m.,  Lieutenant  John  Wallace, 
with  a  party  of  men,  took  quiet  possession  of  that  ship  also. 
At  lh.  45m.  the  Neptune,  which  on  account  of  the  calm 
occasioned  by  the  concussion  of  the  firing  was  unable  to 
approach  more  rapidly,  passed  under  the  stern  of  the  Bucen- 
taure,  and  shot  away  the  French  ship's  main  and  mizen- 
masts.  The  Neptune  continued  her  course,  and  in  a  short 
time  was  close  under  the  stern  of  the  Santisima  Trinidad, 
which  ship,  in  conjunction  with  the  Conqueror,  she  engaged 
until  this  huge  ship  (whose  main  and  mizen-masts  had  pre- 
viously fallen)  lost  her  foremast,  and  rolled  an  unmanageable 
hulk  upon  the  water.  When  the  van  division,  under 
Dumanoir,  wore  round,  and  passed  to  windward  of  the 
British  ships,  the  Neptune,  being  at  no  great  distance, 
received  then  fire  and  sustained  much  damage. 


136  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

The  Leviathan  and  Conqueror  closely  followed  the  Neptune, 
and  the  Conqueror  likewise  raked  the  Bucentaure.  The 
Conqueror  hauled  up  on  the  Bucentaure's  lee-quarter,  and  in 
a  short  time  the  foremast  of  the  French  ship  fell,  and  the 
Bucentaure  surrendered.  Captain  James  Atcherly,  of  the 
marines,  in  a  boat  with  five  men,  was  sent  on  board  the 
vanquished  ship,  and  to  this  officer  were  presented  the  swords 
of  Vice- Admiral  Villeneuve  and  his  two  captains  ;  but 
justly  considering  that  these  shovdd  be  received  by  Captain 
Pellew,  Captain  Atcherly  declined  to  receive  them,  and, 
having  secured  the  magazine,  accompanied  the  French  admiral 
and  his  captains  to  the  boat,  which,  with  three  men,  two 
being  left  on  board  the  Bucentaure,  put  off  from  the  ship, 
and  the  Conqueror  having  in  the  mean  time  gone  in  chase, 
the  boat  went  alongside  the  Mars.  The  Conqueror  mean- 
while bore  down,  and  attacked  the  Santisima.  The  master 
of  the  Conqueror  in  this  action  was  Joseph  Seymour. 

The  64-gun  ship  Africa  was  for  a  time  in  very  great  dan- 
ger. Being  far  to  windward  of  the  rest  of  the  fleet,  Lord 
Nelson  made  the  signal  for  her  to  make  all  sail  to  take  her 
place  in  the  rear  of  his  division ;  but  Captain  Digby,  either 
mistaking  the  signal  or  anxious  to  distinguish  his  ship,  bore 
down  upon  the  van  of  the  combined  fleet,  which  he  passed 
along  in  order  to  join  the  ships  engaged;  and,  in  consequence, 
received  the  fire  of  each  ship,  until  having  arrived  abreast  of 
the  Santisima  Trinidad,  the  Africa  brought  to.  Observing 
that  no  colours  were  flying  on  board  the  four-decker,  Captain 
Digby  despatched  Lieutenant  John  Smith,  with  a  boat's 
crew,  to  take  possession  of  her.  The  boat  arrived  alongside, 
and  Lieutenant  Smith  ascended  to  the  quarter-deck,  where 
he  was  met  by  a  Spanish  officer.  He  requested  to  know  if 
the  ship  had  surrendered,  but  was  answered  in  the  negative, 
the  officer  at  the  same  time  pointing  to  the  combined  squadron 
then  passing  to  windward.  Lieutenant  Smith,  not  having 
the  means  with  him  of  compelling  submission,  retreated  to 
his  boat,  wliich  the  Spaniards  permitted  him  to  do,  and 
returned  to  his  own  ship.  The  Trinidad  was  eventually 
taken  possession  of  by  the  Prince,  which  ship,  at  5h.  30m., 
took  her  in  tow.  The  Africa,  for  nearly  three-quarters  of 
an  hour,  until  relieved  by  the  Orion,  gallantly  fought  the 


1805.]  BATTLE   OF   TRAFALGAR.  137 

Intrepide,  and  suffered  very  severely  from  the  superior  force 
of  the  enemy. 

The  Leviathan  also  bore  down  upon  the  Santisima  Tri- 
nidad ;  hut  finding  that  ship  engaged  by  the  Neptune, 
passed  on  towards  the  French  Neptune,  which  continued 
hanging  about  the  Temeraire.  On  the  approach  of  the 
Leviathan,  however,  the  French  ship  wore  round,  and  made 
sail  away,  upon  which  the  Leviathan  hauled  up  to  engage 
the  French  van,  then  in  the  act  of  wearing  round  to  escape. 
At  about  3h.  the  Leviathan  brought  to  action  the  San 
Augustin,  which  ship  had  not  wore  round  with  the  rest.  The 
Leviathan  hauled  up  to  leeward,  and,  after  engaging  some 
short  time,  the  San  Augustin's  helm  was  put  a-port,  intend- 
ing to  pass  ahead  of  the  Leviathan,  but  she  was  unable  to 
effect  it ;  and  the  British  ship,  having  brought  her  broadside, 
treble-shotted,  to  bear  with  powerful  effect,  at  the  distance 
of  fifty  yards,  knocked  away  the  mizen-mast  of  the  Spanish 
ship,  and  committed  tremendous  havoc.  The  San  Augustin 
then  fell  on  board  her  opponent  with  her  jib-boom  foul  of  the 
Leviathan's  main  rigging,  thereby  exposing  her  upper  deck 
to  the  fire  from  the  carronades,  and  from  the  marines  on  the 
Leviathan's  poop.  After  some  smart  firing,  Lieutenant 
Eyles  Mounsher,  first  of  the  Leviathan,  at  the  head  of  a 
party  of  seamen  and  marines,  boarded  and  carried  the  San 
Augustin,  without  further  opposition.  The  Leviathan  then 
took  the  prize  in  tow,  and  was  thus  enabled  to  engage  the 
Intrepide  as  that  ship  passed  on  to  join  the  van ;  but  the 
Leviathan1    was    presently  relieved  of  this    opponent    by 

1  The  following  anecdote  of  a  seaman  of  the  Leviathan,  as  stated  by 
Captain  Bayntun  to  the  Patriotic  Fund,  is  too  honourable  to  British 
sailors  to  be  omitted.  While  the  Leviathan  was  engaging  the  Santisima 
Trinidad,  a  seaman,  named  Thomas  Main,  stationed  at  one  of  the  fore- 
castle guns,  had  his  arm  shot  off.  His  messmates  offered  to  attend  him 
below  to  the  surgeon  :  but  he  bluntly  said,  "  I  thank  you,  stay  where 
you  are,  you  will  do  more  good  there."  He  then  went  down  by  himself 
to  the  cockpit,  and  the  surgeon,  who  respected  the  man,  seeing  his  case 
to  be  urgent,  would  have  attended  to  him  in  preference  to  those  there 
before  him  ;  but  Main  would  not  allow  this,  saying,  "Not  till  it  comes 
to  my  turn,  if  you  please."  The  surgeon  soon  afterward  performed  the 
amputation  close  to  the  shoulder,  during  which  the  gallant  fellow,  in  a 
steady  clear  voice,  sang  the  whole  of  "Rule  Britannia."  "The  cheer- 
fulness of  this  rough  son  of  Neptune,"  adds  Captain  Bayntun,  "  has  been 


138  BATTLE    OF   TRAFALGAR.  [1805. 

the  Africa.  The  master  of  the  Leviathan  was  John  W. 
Trotter. 

The  Orion,  at  about  4h.  15m.,  wore  round  under  the  stern 
of  the  Intrepide,  and,  bringing  to  on  her  lee-bow,  between 
that  ship  and  the  Africa,  opened  so  vigorous  a  fire,  that  in 
less  than  a  quarter  of  an  hour  her  main  and  mizen-masts  fell 
over  the  side.  The  Conqueror  and  Ajax  having  by  this  time 
also  arrived  close  up  with  the  Intrepide,  the  captain,  con- 
sidering further  resistance  would  be  unavailing,  surrendered 
the  ship  at  a  little  before  5h.  p.m. 

The  van  of  the  enemy's  fleet,  consisting  of  the  Formidable, 
Duguay  Trouin,  Mont  Blanc,  Scipion,  and  Neptuno,  under 
Rear-Admiral  Dumanoir,  having  succeeded  in  hauling  to  the 
light  ah-  of  wind  on  the  starboard  tack,  became  engaged, 
about  3h.  p.m.,  with  the  Orion,  Ajax,  Britannia,  and 
Agamemnon,  as  those  ships  were  running  down  to  get  into 
action.  Four  or  five  other  ships  of  the  van  also  attempted 
to  wear  and  follow  the  rear-admiral,  but  from  want  of  wind 
could  not  do  so  ;  and  those  which  succeeded  in  getting  on 
the  starboard  tack,  being  unable  to  weather  the  British 
ships,  bore  up  with  the  intention  of  passing  to  leeward,  and 
joining  Vice- Admiral  Gravina,  in  the  rear.  Three  of  these — 
the  Rayo,  Francisco  de  Asis,  and  Heros — were  engaged  by 
the  Britannia  and  other  ships  near  her.  As  Dumanoir's 
squadron  made  its  way  to  the  southward,  the  five  ships 
opened  their  fire  on  the  British  and  the  prizes  indiscrimi- 
nately. The  "Victory  and  Temeraire  exchanged  two  or  three 
broadsides  with  the  squadron,  but  sustained  little  damage  ; 
not  so  the  Fougueux,  which  ship  lost  her  main  and  mizen- 
masts  by  their  fire,  and  had  several  men  killed  and  wounded ; 
and  on  board  the  Bedoutable  an  English  officer  had  his  leg 
shot  off. 

About  3h.  10m.  p.m.,  the  Minotaur  and  Spartiate,  coming 
down,  hove  their  main-topsails  to  the  mast  on  the  larboard 
tack,  and  exchanged  several  broadsides  with  the  combined 
squadron,  and  succeeded  in  cutting  off  one  of  their  number — 
the  Neptuno.  These  two  British  ships,  passing  the  four 
French    ships,  wore ;    and,   after  a  warm  action  with  the 

of  infinite  use  in  keeping  up  the  spirits  of  his  wounded  shipmates,  and  I 
hope  this  recital  may  be  of  service  to  him."'  Poor  Main,  however,  died 
at  Gibraltar  hospital. 


1805.]  DEATH  OF  NELSON.  139 

Spanish  ship  thus  cut  oft"  during  which  she  was  defended  in 
a  very  gallant  manner,  obliged  her,  at  about  5h.  10m.,  to 
surrender,  having  lost  her  mizenmast  and  fore  and  main 
topmasts.  The  Neptuno,  drifting  to  leeward,  fell  on  board 
the  Temeraire,  and  thus  gave  rise  to  the  extraordinary 
mistake  contained  in  the  letter  of  Yice-Admiral  Collingwood, 
that  the  Temeraire  had  been  boarded  on  one  side  by  a 
Spanish,  and  on  the  other  by  a  French  ship. 

Having  now,  however,  imperfectly  given  the  most  pro- 
minent and  important  details  of  the  proceedings  of  the  ships 
engaged  in  this  ever-memorable  battle,  we  return  to  the 
Victory  and  to  that  scene  so  deeply  interesting  to  every 
British  heart.  The  hero  of  a  hundred  fights  had  received  a 
mortal  wound  just  as  he  had  put  the  finishing  stroke  to  the 
title  of  England's  naval  supremacy,  and,  surrounded  by  a 
halo  of  victory,  in  the  dark  and  gloomy  abode  to  which  he 
was  carried,  we  behold  him  expiring. 

As  he  was  being  conveyed  to  the  cockpit,  in  which  he 
breathed  his  last,  Dr.  Beatty,  in  his  narrative,  states  that  he 
caused  his  face  and  stars  to  be  covered  by  his  handkerchief, 
in  order  that  he  might  pass  unnoticed  by  the  crew.  On 
reaching  the  cockpit,  the  dying  hero  was  laid  upon  a  mid- 
shipman's mattress,  and  stripped  of  his  clothes,  when  the 
surgeon  proceeded  to  probe  the  wound,  which  he  soon 
ascertained  to  be  mortal,  an  opinion  which  Nelson  had  from 
the  first  entertained.1  The  sufferings  of  his  lordship,  from 
pain  and  thirst,  were  very  great.  He  frequently  called  for 
drink,  and  to  be  fanned  with  paper.  In  about  an  hour  and 
ten  minutes  after  Nelson  had  been  carried  below,  Captain 
Hardy,  availing  himself  of  a  moment's  respite  from  his 
duties,  visited  his  dying  admiral.  "  They  shook  hands,"  says 
Dr.  Beatty,  "very affectionately, and  Lord  Nelson  asked  'Well, 
Hardy,  how  goes  the  battle  %  How  goes  the  day  with  us  V 
'Very  well,  my  lord,'  replied  Captain  Hardy  ;  '  we  have  got 
twelve  or  fourteen  of  the  enemy's  ships  in  our  possession ;  but 
five  of  their  van  have  tacked,  and  show  an  intention  of  bear- 
ing down  upon  the  Victory ;  I  have  therefore  called  two  or 

1  We  have  heard  it  from  authority  which  we  cannot  question,  that 
Nelson  had  a  firm  presentiment  that  he  should  not  survive  the  battle  ; 
and  how  truly  his  presentiment  was  fulfilled  the  sequel  too  correctly 
proved. 


140  DEATH   OF   NELSON.  [1805. 

three  of  our  fresh  ships  round  us,  and  have  no  doubt  of 
giving  them  a  drubbing.'  '  I  hope,'  said  his  lordship,  '  none 
of  our  ships  have  struck,  Hardy.'  'No,  my  lord,'  replied 
Captain  Hardy,  '  there  is  no  fear  of  that.'  Lord  Nelson  then 
said,  '  I  am  a  dead  man,  Hardy  ;  I  am  going  fast,  it  will  be 
all  over  with  me  soon.' "  Captain  Hardy  in  a  minute  or  two 
returned  to  the  deck,  and  the  Victory  soon  afterwards  opened 
her  fire  upon  Dmnanoir's  squadron,  passing  to  windward,  as 
before  described.  The  concussion  of  the  firing  caused  great 
distress  to  his  lordship  ;  and,  apostrophizing  his  ship,  he 
exclaimed,  "  Oh,  Victory,  Victory,  how  you  distract  my 
poor  brain  ! "  The  Orion  and  other  ships  having  neared  the 
Victory,  Dumanoir  and  his  squadron  hauled  their  wind  to 
the  southward,  offering  no  further  molestation. 

In  about  fifty  minutes  after  Captain  Hardy  had  returned 
to  the  deck,  he  a  second  time  descended  to  the  cockpit,  and 
again  shook  hands  with  Lord  Nelson,  at  the  same  moment 
congratulating  hhn  on  the  brilliant  victory  the  British  fleet 
had  achieved ;  and  although  unable  to  ascertain  the  exact 
number  of  enemy's  ships  that  had  struck,  he  was  certain 
that  fourteen  or  fifteen  had  surrendered.  "  His  lordship 
answered,"  proceeds  the  narrative,  "'That  is  well,  but  I 
bargained  for  twenty  ;'  and  then  emphatically  exclaimed, 
'  Anchor,  Hardy,  anchor  ! '  'I  suppose,  my  lord,'  returned 
Captain  Hardy,  '  that  Admiral  Collingwood  will  now  take 
upon  himself  the  direction  of  affairs?'  'Not  while  I  live, 
I  hope,  Hardy,'  cried  the  dying  hero  ;  and,  endeavouring  in- 
effectually to  raise  himself  from  the  bed,  he  exclaimed,  'No  ! 
do  you  anchor,  Hardy  ! '  Captain  Hardy  then  said,  '  Shall 
we  make  the  signal,  Sir  V  'Yes,'  answered  his  lordship,  'for 
if  I  live,  I'll  anchor.' "  Captain  Hardy,  after  remaining  about 
three  minutes  with  his  dying  chief,  went  on  deck.  In  about 
a  quarter  of  an  hour  after  Captain  Hardy  had  quitted  the 
cockpit  to  attend  to  his  indispensable  duties,  Lord  Nelson 
became  speechless ;  and  at  4h.  30m.  p.m.  by  the  Victory's 
time,  expired  without  a  groan.  His  last  words  were,  "I  have 
done  my  duty — I  thank  God  for  it." 

For  a  writer,  such  as  the  compiler  of  these  hiunble  volumes 
to  attempt  to  eulogize  so  great  a  hero  as  Lord  Nelson,  may 
appear  presumption ;  yet  we  camiot  refrain  from  offering  our 
sincere  though  unequal  tribute  to  the  memory  of  England's 


1805.]  DEATH  OF  NELSOX.  141 

preserver,  and  the  most  talented  naval  commander  that  any 
age  or  country  ever  produced.  From  his  commencement,  as 
a,  midshipman,  to  the  last  hour  of  his  life,  his  public  career 
was  marked  by  a  boundless  zeal  for  his  country's  honour  and 
welfare.  The  daring  and  hawk-sighted  manoeuvre  on  the 
14th  of  February,  did  much  towards  gaining  a  brilliant 
victory  over  an  enemy  of  more  than  double  the  force  of  the 
British  fleet ;  but  this  was  eclipsed  ?*t  Aboukir.  The  victory 
of  the  Nile  would  have  been  alone  sufficient  to  place  Nelson 
on  the  highest  pinnacle  of  nautical  ability.  His  firm  nerves 
appeared  to  strengthen  with  the  difficulties  presented,  and  he 
may  be  said  to  have  smiled  at  discouragements  which  to  the 
ordinary  mind  would  have  seemed  insurmountable  obstacles. 
The  fleet  and  defences  of  Copenhagen  quailed  before  him  ; 
and,  while  a  signal  for  his  recall  was  flying  on  board  the 
commander-in-chief's  ship,  which  must  have  rendered  nuga- 
tory all  the  blood  which  had  been  spilt,  Nelson  negotiated 
and  gained  all  that  was  required.  His  pursuit  of  a  superior 
fleet  to  the  West  Indies,  added  one  more  proof,  if  proof  had 
been  wanting,  of  his  consummate  skill  and  determination; 
but  the  final  and  complete  triumph,  which  he  sealed  with  his 
heart's  blood,  at  once,  and  we  would  hope  for  ever,  annexed 
the  sovereignty  of  the  seas  to  England's  throne.  To  have 
died  in  such  a  cause, — to  have  fallen  at  such  a  moment, — was, 
indeed,  to  gain  all  that  mortal  man  could  aspire  to  ;  and, 
as  says  Dr.  Beatty,  "his  sjriendid  example  will  operate  as 
an  everlasting  impulse  to  the  enterprizing  genius  of  the 
British  navy." 

The  moment  Lord  Nelson's  death  was  announced  to  Cap- 
tain Hardy,  he  directed  Lieutenant  Alexander  Hills  to 
proceed  to  the  Royal  Sovereign,  and  acquaint  Vice- Admiral 
Collingwood  that  the  admiral  was  mortally  wounded,  not 
wishing  to  hurt  the  feelings  of  a  friend,  by  stating  that  he 
was  dead.  Captain  Blackwood  arrived  on  board  the  Victory 
soon  afterwards,  and  Captain  Hardy  accompanied  him,  in  the 
boat  of  the  Euryalus,  to  the  Royal  Sovereign,  to  acquaint  the 
vice-admiral  with  what  had  really  happened,  as  well  as  to 
deliver  Nelson's  dying  commands,  that  the  fleet  should  be 
brought  to  anchor  as  soon  as  it  was  practicable.  Vice- 
Admiral  Collingwood  unhappily  differed  in  this  respect  with 
his  distinguished  friend,  and  on  receiving  the  message,  re- 


142 


CLOSE   OF    THE   ACTION. 


[1805. 


plied,  *  Anchor  the  fleet  !  Why,  it  is  the  last  thing  I  should 
have  thought  of."1 

At  the  conclusion  of   the  action  the  land  about   Cape 


Trafalgar  was  in  sight, 


bearing- 


south-east  by  east,  distant 


about  eight  miles,  after  which  cape  the  battle  was  named. 

It  is  now  time  to  sum  up  the  heavy  losses  sustained  in  this 
glorious  encounter,  which  were  as  follow  : — 


i 

Ships. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

Ships. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

WEATHER  COLUMN. 

LEE  COLUMN. 

Victory ... 

57 

102 

Royal  Sovereign 

47 

94 

Teineraire...  ...  ... 

47 

76 

Belleisle     

33 

93 

Neptune    .  .  ... 

10 

34 

Mars 

29 

69 

Leviathan .. 

4 

22 

Tonnant    

26 

50 

Britannia 

10 

42 

Bellerophon  .... 

27 

123 

Conqueror     ...  ... 

3 

9 

Colossus     

40 

160 

Africa    

18 

44 

Achille 

13 

59 

Agamemnon     ... 

2 

7 

Dreadnought    .  . 

7 

26 

Ajax  . .  ...  ...  ...  .  . 

2 

9 

Polyphemus  .... 

2 

4 

Orion ...  .  . 

1 

23 

Revenge    ....... 

28 

51 

Minotaur 

2 

22 

Swiftsure 

9 

8 

Spartiate 

3 

20 

Defiance 

17 

53 

4 

12 

Total 

160 

410 

Defence...  ........ 

7 

29 

Tot 

al    ... 

1 

..  449  k 

Total  

died  ;  1,241  wounc 

289 

831 

led. 

G 

rand  total 

1,690 

1  Collingwood  has  been  subjected  to  very  severe  strictures,  in  reference 
to  his  non-compliance  with  the  dying  command  of  Lord  Nelson ;  and 
there  can  be  no  doubt  that  he  incurred  a  very  distressing  responsibility 
in  consequence.  The  act,  however,  of  not  anchoring  the  fleet  imme- 
diately on  the  termination  of  the  battle,  admits  of  some  extenuation.  A 
great  part  of  the  fleet,  and  nearly  all  the  prizes,  were  wholly  unpre- 
pared to  anchor,  their  cables  having  been  rendered  unserviceable  by 
shot.  Had,  therefore,  the  signal  been  made,  those  ships  in  a  condition 
to  comply  would  have  brought  up,  while  those  unable  to  obey  the  signal 
would  have  become  still  more  dispersed,  whereas  by  keeping  underweigh, 
the  effective  were  in  a  condition  to  assist  the  crippled  ships,  and,  in  the 
meanwhile,  the  prize  crews  were  enabled  to  employ  themselves  in  splicing 
the  cables,  and  in  getting  ready  to  anchor  when  the  signal  should  be 
made,  and  it  was  made  at  9h.  P.M.  We  merely  offer  this  as  one  of  many 
reasons  which  might  have  induced  the  vice-admiral  to  decline  carrying 
immediately  into  effect  the  dying  injunction  of  his  friend. 


1805.]  KILLED    AND    WOUNDED.  143 

Subjoined  are  the  names  of  officers  officially  returned  as 
killed  or  wounded  :— Victory  :  Killed— Vice-Adniiral  Lord 
Nelson;   John  Scott,  secretary;  Captain  (marines)  Charles 
W.  Adair ;  Lieutenant  William  Earn ;  Midshipmen  Robert 
Smith    and   Alexander   Palmer;    Captain's    clerk  Thomas 
Whipple.     Wounded — Lieutenants  John  Pasco  and  George 
M.  Bligh  ;  Lieutenants  (marines)  Lewis  B.  Peeves  and  James 
G.  Peake  ;  Midshipmen  William  Rivers,  George  A.  West- 
phal,  and  Richard  Bulkeley.     Temeraire  :  Killed — Captain 
(marines)    Simeon  Busigny;    Lieutenant  (do.)  John  King- 
ston ;    Carpenter  L.    Oades  ;    Midshipman  William   Pitts. 
Wounded— Lieutenant  James  Mould  ;  Lieutenant  (marines) 
Samuel  J.  Payne  ;  Boatswain  J.  Brooks  ;  Mate  F.  S.  Price; 
Midshipman  J.  Eastman.     Neptune  :  Wounded— Captain's 
clerk.     Leviathan  :  Wounded — Midshipman  J.  W.  Watson. 
Britannia :  Killed — Lieutenant  Francis  Roskruge.   Wounded 
— Stephen  Trounce,  master;    Midshipman  William  Grant. 
Conqueror  :  Killed— Lieutenants  Robert  Lloyd  and  W.  St. 
George.     Wounded — Lieutenant  (marines)  Thos.  Wearing  ; 
Lieutenant  (Russian  navy)  Philip  Mendel.    Africa :  Wounded 
— Lieutenant    Matthew   Hay  ;     Captain   (marines)   Jaines 
Fynmore  ;  Mates  Henry  West  and  Ab.  Turner  ;  Midship- 
men Frederic  White,   P.   J.    Elmhurst,   and   J.  P.  Bailey. 
Orion  :  Wounded — Midshipmen  Charles   Tause  and  T.  P. 
Cable.    Minotaur  :  Wounded — Boatswain  James  Robinson  ; 
Midshipman  J.  S.  Smith.    Spartiate  :  Wounded— Boatswain 
John  Clarke  ;    Midshipmen  Edward  Bellairs  and  Edward 
Knapman.      Royal   Sovereign  :    Killed— Lieutenant  Brice 
Gilliland  ;  Master  William  Chalmers  ;  Lieutenant  (marines) 
Robert  Green ;  Midshipmen  John  Aikenhead  and  Thomas 
Braund.     Wounded — Lieutenants  John  Clavell  and  James 
Bachford  ;  Lieutenant  (marines)  James  Le  Yesconte  ;  Mate 
W.  Watson  ;  Midshipmen  G.  Kennicott,  Grenville  Thomp- 
son,  J.    Farrant,    and   John    Campbell  ;    Boatswain   Isaac 
Wilkinson.     Belleisle  :  Killed — Lieutenants  Ebenezer   Gale 
and  John  Woodin  ;  Midshipman  George  Mnd.    Wounded— 
Lieutenant    William   Ferrie ;    Lieutenant    (marines)   John 
Owen  ;  Boatswain  Andrew  Gibson  ;  Mates  W.  H.  Pearson 
and  W.  Cutfield;  Midshipmen  Samuel  Jago  and  J.  T.  Hodge. 
Mars  :  Killed— Captain  Duff;  Midshipmen  Edward  Corbyn 
and  Henry  Morgan.      Wounded— Lieutenants  Edward  W. 


144 


KILLED    AND   WOUNDED.  [1805. 


Garrett  and  James  Black ;  Master  Thomas  Cook  ;  Captain 
(marines)  T.  Norman;  Midshipmen  J.  Young,  George  Guiren, 
W    J    Cook,  J.  Jenkins,  and  Alfred  Luckraft.     Tonnant  : 
Killed— Midshipman  William  Brown.     Wounded— Captain 
Tyler  ;  Lieutenant  Frederick  Hoffman  ;  Boatswain  Richard 
Little  :  Mate  H.  Ready  ;  Captain's  Clerk  W  Allen.    Belle- 
rophon  :  Killed— Captain  Cooke  ;  Master  Edward  Overton; 
Midshipman  John  Simmons.     Wounded— Captain  (marines) 
John  Wemyss  ;    Boatswain    Thomas   Robinson ;    Mate  E. 
Hartley  ;  Midshipmen  W.  N.  Jewell,  James  Stone,  Thomas 
Bant,    and    George    Pearson.      Colossus  :    KiUed— Master 
Thomas  Scriven.     Wounded— Captain  Moms  ;  Lieutenants 
George  Bully  and  William  Forster ;    Lieutenant  (marines) 
J    Benson;    Boatswain  William  Adamson ;    Mate  Henry 
Millbanke;    Midshipmen  W.   A.   Herringham    F.  Thistle- 
wayte    T.   G.    Reece,    H.   Snellgrove,  R.  M'Lean,    George 
Whar'rie,   Timothy  Renou,  and  George  Denton.     Achille  : 
Killed— Midshipman  F.  J.  Mugg.     Wounded— Lieutenants 
Parkins  Prynn,  and  Josias  Bray  :   Captain  and  Lieutenant 
(marines)  Palms  Westropp  and  William  Liddon  ;  Mate  G. 
Pe-cre  ;  Midshipmen  W.  H.  Staines,  W.  J.  Snow,  and  W. 
Smith  Warren.     Dreadnought  :    Wounded— Lieutenant  J. 
L  Lloyd  •  Midshipmen  Andrew  M'Cullock  and  James  bab- 
ben      Revenge:    Killed— Midshipmen    Thomas    Grier  and 
Edward  F    Brooks.     Wounded— Captain  Moorsom ;    Lieu- 
tenant John  Berry;    Master  Luke  Brokenshaw;  Captain 
(marines)  Peter  Lely.     Swiftsure  :  Wounded-Midshipman 
Alexander  B.   Handcock.      Defiance:    Killed— Lieutenaut 
Thomas    Simons;     Boatswain   W.    Forster  ;    Midshipman 
James  Williamson.     Wounded— Captain  Durham;    Mates 
James    Spratt    and    Robert    Browne  ;    Midshipmen   John 
Hodcre  and  Edward  A.  Chapman.     Thunderer:  Wounded— 
Mate  John  Snell  ;  Midshipman  Alexander  Galloway 

The  damages  exhibited  by  each  ship,  in  masts  and  yards, 
tit  the  conclusion  of  the  action,  are  described  in  the  subjoined 
table  •  and  from  these  may  be  imagined,  without  entering 
into  tedious  details,  the  injuries  the  different  ships  had  sus- 
tained in  their  hulls. 


1805.] 


CASUALTIES    IN   THE    FLEET. 


145 


Lower  Masts,  Topmasts,  and  Yards, 

Ships. 

Senior  Lieutenants. 

Shot  away. 

Left  tottering. 

f  John  Pasco  (flag)  "| 

Edw.  Williams 
<  John  Quilliam1     )- 

Victory 

Mizenmast 

Foremast 

Andrew  King .  . 
1  John  Yule   ....  J 

(  Main  and  niizen- 

Te'meraire 

Thos.  F.  Kennedy 

)    mast  heads,  fore 
y    and     fore-topsail 
(    yards 

Neptune 

George  Acklom 

Leviathan 

Eyles  Mounsher    . . 

Mizen-topsail  yard 

Britannia    

Arthur  Atchison 

Conqueror 

Richard  Spear2 

Mizen-topmast 

Africa 

John  Smith    

Main- topsail  yard  .  . 

Agamemnon  .... 

Hugh  Cook 

[masts 

Ajax 

Jer.  Brown + 

Orion 

John  Croft 

Main-topsail  yard 
Fore      do.      do. 

Minotaur    

James  Stuart.. 

Spartiate     

Royal  Sovereign 

John  M'Kerlie  .... 

Main-topmast 
Foremast 

{  John  Clavell    .  .  ) 
(  John  Ellis    j 

(  Main  and  mizen-  ) 
<    masts,  and  fore-  > 
(    topsail  yard    .  .  ) 

i  All    three    lower 
<    masts   and   bow- 

Belleisle 

Thomas  Fife 

Mars   

James  Black 

Main-topmast    .... 
(  Three  topmasts  & 

Tonnant 

John  Bedford     .... 

|    main -yard 

Bellerophon    .... 

Edward  F.Thomas f 

{  Main  and  mizen-  ) 
|    topmasts    . .  . .  \ 
Mizenmast 

Fore-topmast 

Colossus 

Thos.  R.  Toker 

Fore  and  main- 

Achille    

Wm.  W.  Daniel 

[masts 

Dreadnought .... 

Nisbet  Palmer  .... 

Main-topsail  yard 

Polyphemus   .... 

George  Moubray 

Revenge 

Lewis  Hole 

Swiftsure    

James  Lilburn 

Defiance 

William  Hellard 

Thunderer 

William  Norman  f 

Defence 

James  Green 

Prince     

William  Godfrey 

1  Deck  lieutenant,  made  post  captain.     The  officers  marked  f  being  second 
lieutenants,  were  not  promoted  with  the  others. 

2  Second  lieutenant — first,  Robert  Lloyd,  killed. 

VOL.  II.  L 


146  STATE    OF   THE   FLEET    AND    PRIZES.  [1805. 

The  eleven  ships  under  Admiral  Gravina  hauled  to  the 
north-east  and  escaped ;  and  the  Heros,  San  Francisco, 
Indomptable,  and  Montanez,  succeeded  in  passing  in-shore  of 
the  British  fleet,  and  also  got  away.  Others  were  in  tow  of 
the  frigates,  and  the  whole,  in  course  of  the  night,  anchored 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  Rota,  not  being  able  to  enter 
the  Bay  of  Cadiz  on  account  of  the  strong  south-east  wind 
blowing  off  the  land,  although  in  the  offing  the  wind  was 
still  from  west-south-west. 

At  6h.  p.m.  "V  ice-  Admiral  Colling  wood  shifted  his  flag  to 
the  Euryalus  frigate,  and  taking  the  Sovereign  in  tow,  stood 
off-shore  with  her.  At  this  time  several  of  the  British  ships 
were  more  or  less  disabled,  and  out  of  the  seventeen  prizes.1 
eight  were  totally  dismasted,  and  the  remainder  in  a  very 
helpless  state.  The  fleet  was  now  within  a  few  miles  of  the 
shoals  of  Trafalgar,  and  in  thirteen  fathoms  water.  There 
was  a  heavy  swell,  which  distressed  the  disabled  ships  very 
much ;  but  fortunately  there  was  little  wind.  At  9h.  p.m. 
the  signal  was  made  for  the  fleet  to  prepare  to  anchor,  of 
which  some  few  ships  availed  themselves.  Towards  midnight 
the  wind  veered  to  south-south-west,  and  freshened  consider- 
ably. This  favourable  change  induced  the  admiral  to  make 
the  signal  to  wear  the  ships'  heads  to  the  westward  ;  and 
those  ships  which  had  not  anchored,  and  were  in  a  condition 
to  obey  the  signal,  wore  and  drifted  out  to  sea. 

On  the  22nd,  at  Sh.A.M.,  the  Euryalus  cast  off  the  Sovereign, 
and  the  Neptune  was  directed  to  take  her  in  tow.  The  wind 
blew  fresh  in  squalls  during  the  whole  of  tins  day,  and  the 
thirteen  prizes  which  remained  underweigh  (four  having 
anchored),   closed  round  the  Sovereign.      The  Bucentaure, 

1  The  names  of  the  ships  actually  surrendered  or  in  possession  of  the 
British  at  this  time  were  as  follows  : — 

SPANISH. 


Guns. 

130     Santisima  Trinidad 
112     Santa  Ana 
„0  (  Neptuno 
(  Argonauta 
(  Sun  Augustas 
I  Jlonarca 
74  -{  Bahama 

|  S.-i::  Juan  N   !>>muceno 


FRENCH. 
Guns. 

80     Bucentaure 
' Intrepide 
Redoutable 
Fnu^ueux 
i  i  as 
Aigle 
Sw  iftsur  • 
Berwick 


7! 


I  San  Il<l.t  lAchffle 


.1805.]  HEAVY    GALE LOSS   OF    PRIZES.  147 

having  on  board  Lieutenant  Richard  Spear  and  a  party  of 
men  from  the  Conqueror,  drifted  towards  the  shore  near  the 
castle  of  Saint  Sebastian,  and  there  anchored.  During  the 
day  she  was  wrecked  on  the  Puergues,  and  the  crew,  including 
the  British,  were  saved  by  the  boats  of  a  French  frigate. 
In  the  night  it  came  on  to  blow  a  heavy  gale  from  north- 
west. 

On  the  morning  of  the  23rd,  the  Redoutable  foundered 
before  the  whole  of  her  men  could  be  removed.  Only  about 
170  were  saved  from  her  suiwiving  crew,  and  these  at  a 
great  risk,  and  with  the  loss  of  thirteen  of  the  Temeraire's 
seamen,  and  five  of  the  Swiftsure's.  The  Swiftsure's  launch, 
under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Thomas  Sykes,  afterwards 
assisted  by  the  pinnace,  in  charge  of  Lieutenant  Thomas 
Read,  saved  the  lives  of  near  fifty  poor  wretches  while  the 
ship  was  in  the  act  of  sinking.  The  brave  Captain  Lucas 
had  previously  been  removed  to  the  Temeraire.  The  Fougueux 
drifted  on  shore  near  the  river  Sancti  Petri,  having  thirty  of 
the  crew  of  the  Temeraire  on  board,  and  was  totally  wrecked, 
with  the  loss  of  all  on  board  except  about  twenty-five  persons. 
The  prize  crew  of  the  Algesiras  was  overpowered  by  the 
French  during  the  gale,  and  having  rigged  jury-niasts,  that 
ship,  by  great  exertions,  reached  the  harbour  of  Cadiz.  The 
same  morning,  Commodore  Kerguelen  sailed  from  Cadiz  with 
five* sail  of  the  line  and  five  frigates,  which  latter  retook  the 
Santa  Ana  and  Neptuno,  and  carried  them  into  port. 

On  the  24th,  the  Indomptable,  on  board  which  were  the 
survivors  of  the  Bucentaure's  crew,  making  with  her  own 
above  1,000  men,  was  wrecked  off  the  town  of  Rota,  and 
not  more  than  100  were  saved.  The  San  Francisco  de  Asis, 
another  of  Kerguelen's  squadron,  cut  her  cables  and  went  on 
shore  near  Fort  Santa  Catalina,  where  her  crew  were  saved. 
The  Rayo,  also  of  this  squadron,  not  being  able  to  enter 
Cadiz  Bay,  anchored  off"  San  Lucar,  where  she  soon  rolled 
away  her  wounded  masts,  and  on  this  day  was  captured  by 
the  Donegal,  Captain  Pulteney  Malcolm  ;  but  two  days  after- 
wards the  ship  parted  company  and  went  on  shore,  and  of 
the  107  men  and  officers  put  on  board  her  by  the  Donegal, 
twenty-five  were  drowned.  The  Monarca  also  drove  on  shore 
after  the  greater  part  of  her  crew  had  been  removed  by 
the  boats  of  the  Leviathan.     The  Santisima  Trinidad  was 

l2 


148  REWARDS   OF   THE   VICTORS.  [1805. 

scuttled  and  sunk  by  the  Neptune  and  Prince.  The  Aigle 
drifted  into  Cadiz  Bay,  and  was  wrecked  on  the  bar  of  Port 
Santa  Maria  on  the  night  of  the  25th. 

The  few  remaining  prizes  were  at  length  anchored  about 
six  leagues  to  the  westward  of  Cape  San  Lucar  ;  and  on  the 
28th  the  body  of  the  British  fleet  also  brought  up  a  little  to 
the  northward  of  them ;  the  Royal  Sovereign  under  jury, 
main,  and  mizen  masts,  and  the  Mars  with  main  and  mizen 
masts  only.  On  the  29th  the  Intrepide  was  burnt  by  the 
Britannia,  and  the  San  Augustin  by  the  Leviathan  and 
Orion  :  the  Argonauta  was  scuttled  and  sunk  by  the  Ajax. 
The  Berwick  was  wrecked  off  San  Lucar ;  200  of  her  crew 
perished  with  her,  the  remainder  being  saved,  after  much 
gallant  exertion,  by  the  Donegal's  boats.  The  Defence,  with 
the  San  Ildefonso,  Bahama,  and  Swiftsure,  anchored  on  the 
night  of  the  26th,  and  rode  out  the  gale  in  safety ;  affording 
one  argument  in  reference  to  the  benefit  which  might  have 
resulted  had  the  dying  injunction  of  Lord  Nelson  been 
attended  to.  The  San  Juan  Nepomuceno  was  saved  by  the 
exertions  of  the  Phoebe  and  Donegal. 

The  victory  of  Trafalgar  was  most  complete  ;  and  since 
that  day  the  enemies  of  England  have  not  been  able  to  fit 
out  a  fleet  at  all  equal  to  contest  with  her  navy  the  rule  of 
the  ocean.  Although  the  preponderance  of  force  was  con- 
siderably on  the  side  of  the  combined  fleets,  a  chance  of 
victory  did  not  remain  to  them  after  the  first  shot  fired  by 
the  British.  Never,  perhaps,  was  more  cool  and  determined 
bravery  and  skill  evinced  than  on  this  occasion. 

The  body  of  Nelson  was  conveyed  to  England  in  the 
ship  which  had  so  long  borne  his  flag,  and  on  the  6th  of 
January,  1806,  after  lying  in  state  some  time  in  the  Painted 
Hall  of  Greenwich  Hospital,  was  conveyed  to  St.  Paul's  Cathe- 
dral, beneath  the  splendid  cupola  of  which  those  venerated 
ashes  lie.  Numerous  were  the  honours  bestowed  by  a  grate- 
ful country  on  the  hero's  relatives ;  and  we  wish  we  could 
add,  that  those  who  so  nobly  fought  on  that  occasion  also  met 
that  amount  of  promotion  and  distinction  which  so  memora- 
ble a  battle  claimed  for  them.  Vice-Admiral  Colliugwood 
was  raised  to  the  peerage,  with  a  pension  of  £2,000.  Rear- 
Admiral  the  earl  of  Northesk  was  made  a  K.B.,  and  Captain 
Hardy    created   a   baronet.       Lieutenant    Quilliam,  of   the 


1805.]  STRACHAN   AND    DUMANOIR.  149 

Victory,  the  senior  lieutenants  (acting  as  captains)  of  the 
Ajax  and  Thunderer,  and  those  of  the  Bellerophon  and 
Mars,  were  made  post  captains  ;  and  the  second,  third, 
fourth,  and  flag  lieutenants  of  the  Victory,  first  and  second 
of  the  Royal  Sovereign,  and  first  lieutenants  of  every  ether 
line-of-battle  ship,  made  commanders.  Four  mates  of  the 
Victory,  three  of  the  Royal  Sovereign,  two  of  the  Britannia, 
and  one  from  every  other  ship,  were  made  lieutenants.  The 
Patriotic  Fund,  ever  alive  to  the  honour  and  prosperity  of 
the  British  navy,  not  only  voted  a  large  sum  of  money  for 
the  relief  of  the  widows  and  orphans  of  the  slain,  and  to  ,the 
wounded  officers  and  men  ;  but  presented  to  each  captain  or 
commanding  officer  in  the  action  a  sword,  valued  at  100 
guineas.  Vases  each  of  500  guineas'  value  were  presented, 
one  to  the  hero's  relict,  a  second  to  the  successor  to  his  lord- 
ship's title,  and  a  third  to  Vice- Admiral  Collingwood.  The 
earl  of  Northesk  was  also  granted  a  vase,  value  300  guineas. 
The  silver  "  naval  medal  "  has  recently  been  bestowed  upon 
the  survivors  present  in  the  glorious  victory. 

Rear- Admiral  Dumanoir,  who,  with  the  74-gun  ships 
Formidable,  Scipion,  Mont  Blanc,  and  Duguay  Trouin,  had 
escaped  from  Trafalgar  on  the  same  night,  steered  away  to 
the  south-west,  but  afterwards  hauled  to  the  northward,  in- 
tending to  enter  Basque  Roads.  On  the  2nd  of  Novembery 
being  off  Cape  Finisterre,  the  squadron  discovered,  and  at 
noon  chased,  the  British  3G-gun  frigate  Phoenix,  Captain 
Thomas  Baker.  The  frigate  bore  up,  steering  for  Ferrol,  in 
the  hope  of  falling  in  with  a  British  squadron.  At  3h.  p.m. 
the  Phoenix  got  sight  of  four  sail  bearing  south,  and  at 
3h.  15m.  the  four  pursuing  ships  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the 
starboard  tack  ;  upon  which  the  Phoenix  altered  her  course 
to  south  by  west,  the  better  to  keep  sight  of  her  pursuers. 
Dumanoir  soon  afterwards  wore  to  the  eastward,  and  the 
Phcenix,  making  signals  to  the  ships  to  leeward  and  firing 
guns,  also  wore  and  stood  to  the  south-east.  At  about  the 
same  time  that  the  Phoenix  discovered  Dumanoir's  ships,  the 
Dryad  and  Boadicea,  Captains  Adam  Drummond  and  John 
Maitland,  also  got  sight  of  them,  bearing  east ;  and  at  8h.  45m. 
these  frigates  were  seen  by  the  Phoenix.  About  9h.  30m. 
the  squadron  to  the  southward,  which  was  that  of  Sir 
Richard  Strachan,  consisting  of  the — 


150  ACTION  OFF  FERROL.  [1805. 

Guns.  Ships. 

80     Csesar. Captain  Sir  Richard  J.  Strachan 

/  Hero „         Hon.  Alan  Hyde  Gardner 

7,  \  Namur „         Lawrence  W.  Halsted 

7    1  Courageux „         Richard  Lee 

(  Bellona „         Charles  Dudley  Pater 

Frigates. 

36     Santa  Margarita   . .         „         Wilson  Rathbone 

32     iEolus    ............         „         Lord  William  Fitzroy 

was  seen  by  the  Dryad  and  Boadicea ;  but  being  in  doubt 
as  to  whether  the  strangers  were  friends  or  foes  (their  signals 
being  unanswered),  they  tacked  to  the  north-east,  and  were 
soon  out  of  sight  of  both  squadrons.  At  llh.  p.m.  the 
Phoenix,  more  satisfied  as  to  the  identity  of  the  British 
ships,  passed  under  the  stem  of  the  Csesar,  then  standing  to 
the  northward  (wind  west-north-west),  and  after  receiving 
a  shot  and  being  hailed,  Captain  Baker  informed  Sir  Richard 
of  the  enemy's  position  on  the  larboard  bow.  The  British 
ships  being  much  scattered,  the  Phoenix  was  ordered  to 
speak  the  different  ships,  and  make  their  captains  aware  of 
the  presence  of  the  French  squadron.  The  Csesar  then  made 
all  sail  in  chase  of  the  enemy,  bearing  east-north-east,  which 
a  glimpse  of  moonlight  enabled  the  British  admiral  to  dis- 
cover. 

On  the  3rd,  in  the  morning,  the  38-gun  frigate  Bevolu- 
tionnaire,  Captain  the  Hon.  Henry  Hotham,  joined  in  the 
pursuit,  which  continued  throughout  the  day  and  night,  with 
varied  success.  The  action,  however,  did  not  take  place  till 
the  4th,  when,  at  about  fifteen  minutes  past  noon,  the  Caesar 
opened  her  larboard  guns  on  the  Formidable.  At  this  time 
the  four  French  ships  were  formed  in  line  ahead  on  the 
starboard  tack,  in  the  following  order  : — Duguay  Trouin, 
Formidable,  Mont  Blanc,  and  Scipion,  under  topsails  and 
top-gallant  sails,  with  courses  clewed  up,  the  wind  being  at 
south-west,  and  about  one  point  abaft  the  beam  ;  the  British 
ships  Caesar,  Hero,  and  Courageux  were  on  their  weather 
quarter,  and  the  Namur  about  ten  miles  astern. 

In  a  minute  or  two  after  the  Caesar  commenced  firing,  the 
Hero  and  Courageux,  in  quick  succession,  discharged  their 
broadsides  at  the  Scipkm  and  Mont  Blanc.  The  fire  was 
instantly  returned  by  the  three  French  ships,  and  a  spirited 
action  ensued.  At  12h.  50m.  the  Caesar  made  the  signal  for 
close  action,  and  five  minutes  afterwards  the  Duguay  Trouin, 


1805.]  ACTION    OFF   FERROL.  151 

in  luffing  up  to  rake  the  Caesar  ahead,  unintentionally  came 
round  on  the  larboard  tack ;  and  the  British  ship,  having 
hauled  up  to  prevent  the  enemy  crossing  the  Caesar's  bows, 
the  Duguay  Trouin  passed  to  leeward,  within  musket-shot  of 
the  Caesar  and  Hero,  from  each  of  which  ships  she  received, 
a  smart  fire.  Dumanoir  soon  afterwards  tacked  to  support 
his  second  ahead,  and  his  two  followers  also  hove  about.  The 
Formidable,  however,  was  so  slow  in  stays  that  she  did  not 
regain  her  station  astern  of  the  Duguay  Trouin,  and  became 
the  third  instead  of  the  second  ship.  About  lh.  20m.  p.m., 
the  Caesar  wore  after  the  enemy,  and  the  Hero  and  Courageux 
tacked. 

At  lh.  40m.  the  Caesar  made  the  Namur's  signal  to  engage 
the  enemy's  van,  which  had  neared  that  ship,  and  at  the 
same  time  the  Hero  was  ordered  to  lead  on  the  larboard 
tack.  The  Hero,  followed  at  some  distance  by  the  Courageux, 
and  at  a  much  greater  distance  by  the  Caesar,  accordingly 
edged  away  towards  the  French  squadron.  The  Namur  was 
still  to  windward,  endeavouring,  under  all  sail,  to  get  into 
the  action ;  but,  being  a  very  dull-sailing  ship,  her  progress 
was  excessively  slow. 

At  about  2h.  the  Hero  fired  her  starboard  guns  at  the 
Scipion,  which  ship  having  lost  her  main-topmast,  fell  to 
leeward,  and  became  engaged  with  the  Courageux,  Phoenix, 
and  Revolutionnaire.  The  Hero,  making  sail,  then  gained 
a  position  on  the  weather  bow  of  the  Formidable.  At 
2h.  45m.,  the  Namur  having  arrived  up  with  the  Formidable, 
the  Hero  gallantly  made  sail  after  the  Mont  Blanc,  which 
ship,  as  well  as  the  Duguay  Trouin,  had  been  occasionally 
raking  the  Hero  while  engaging  the  Formidable.  At  3h.  5m., 
the  Caesar  having  in  the  mean  time  repaired  her  damages,  was 
in  the  act  of  re-opening  her  fire  on  the  Formidable,  when 
that  ship  having  lost  her  mizen-topmast,  and  her  mainmast 
and  fore-topmast  being  in  a  tottering  state,  hauled  down  her 
colours.  She  was  taken  possession  of  by  a  boat  from  the 
Namur.  The  latter,  having  her  main- yard  cut  in  two  by  her 
opponent's  fire,  was  unable  to  make  sail.  At  3h.  10m.  the 
Duguay  Trouin  and  Mont  Blanc  bore  up  and  endeavoured  to 
form  a  line  ahead  of  the  Scipion  ;  but  this  latter  ship,  having 
by  the  united  fire  of  the  Courageux  and  frigates,  lost  her 
main  and  mizen  masts  and  fore-topmast,  just  at  this  time 


152  KILLED    AND   WOUNDED.  [1805. 

hauled  down  her  colours.  The  Scipion  was  taken  possession 
of  by  the  Phcenix  and  Revolutionnaire.  The  Duguay  Trouin 
and  Mont  Blanc,  observing  the  fate  of  their  consorts,  endea- 
voured to  escape,  but  were  overtaken  by  the  Hero  and  Caesar, 
and,  after  a  close  and  animated  fire  of  twenty  minutes" 
duration,  the  Duguay  Trouin  surrendered  to  the  Hero,  and 
the  Mont  Blanc  to  the  Caesar.    The  battle  ceased  at  3h.  35m. 

The  loss  on  board  the  British  ships  was  slight  considering 
the  closeness  of  the  action.  It  was  as  follows  : — Caesar, 
four  men  killed  and  twenty-five  wounded.  Hero,  Lieutenant 
(marines)  Robert  Morrison  and  nine  men  killed ;  and  Lieu- 
tenants John  Skekel  and  Cornelius  J.  Stevens  (marines), 
Thomas  Titterton  (purser),  and  forty-eight  men  wounded. 
Courageux,  one  man  killed ;  and  the  first  lieutenant,  Robert 
Clephan,  Thomas  Daws,  mate,  John  Gibbs  Bird,  midshipman, 
John  Austin,  gunner,  and  thirteen  men  wounded.  Namur, 
four  men  killed ;  and  Lieutenant  Thomas  Osborne,  Captain 
of  marines  William  Clements,  Frederick  Beasley,  midship- 
man, and  five  men  wounded.  Santa  Margarita,  Thomas 
Edwards,  boatswain,  killed,  and  one  man  wounded.  The 
Revolutionnaire,  two  killed  and  six  wounded ;  the  Phcenix, 
two  killed  and  four  wounded ;  and  the  ^Eolus,  three  men 
wounded:  total,  twenty- four  killed,  and  111  wounded. 
The  Hero  had  her  fore-topsail-yard  shot  away,  the  Caesar 
her  main-topgallant-mast,  and  the  Namur  her  main-yard ; 
and  the  Caesar  and  Hero  had  received  considerable  injury 
in  their  masts,  sails,  and  rigging.  The  loss  sustained  by  the 
French  ships  was  very  severe  :  the  Formidable  had  200 
killed  and  wounded,  including,  among  the  latter,  Rear- 
Ad  miral  Dumanoir ;  the  Scipion,  about  the  same  number  ; 
Mont  Blanc,  180  ;  Duguay  Trouin,  150  ;  making  together 
upwards  of  700  killed  and  -wounded  in  the  four  ships.  The 
foremasts  of  the  Formidable  and  Mont  Blanc  were  the 
only  spars  remaining. 

In  this  action  the  Formidable  mounted  only  sixty-five 
guns ;  three  having  been  dismounted  in  the  battle  of  the 
21st  of  October,  and  twelve  of  her  quarter-deck  12-pounders 
having  been  thrown  overboard  during  the  chase  of  Sir 
Richard  Strachan.  The  Revolutionnaire,  Phcenix,  and  Santa 
Margarita  took  a  very  decided  part  in  this  contest,  and  did 
considerable  execution  while  harassing  the   enemy's  rear ;, 


1805.]  BOATS   OF   SERPENT    AT    TRUX1LLO.  153 

they  were  also  much  damaged  by  shot.  Sir  Richard 
Strachan  carried  his  four  well-earned  prizes  to  Plymouth, 
and  they  were  added  to  the  British  navy,  in  which  the 
Formidable  became  the  Brave,  the  Duguay  Trouin  the 
Implacable,  and  the  Mont  Blanc  and  Scipion  retained  the 
same  names ;  but  the  Implacable  and  Scipion  were  the  only 
ships  that  ever  again  went  to  sea.  Sir  Richard  Strachan 
was  invested  with  the  order  of  the  Bath ;  the  officers  and 
men  received  the  thanks  of  Parliament ;  gold  medals  were 
given  to  the  captains ;  and  the  first  lieutenants  of  the  line- 
of-battle  ships  were  made  commanders.  The  Patriotic  Fund 
ordered  swords  each  of  the  value  of  100  guineas  to  be  pre- 
sented to  the  seven  captains  commanding  the  ships  engaged, 
and  a  vase  valued  at  300  guineas  to  Sir  Richard  Strachan. 
This  is  also  a  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  28th  of  November,  the  16-gun  ship-sloop  Serpent, 
Commander  John  Waller,  while  cruising  in  the  Bay  of 
Honduras,  observed  two  suspicious  vessels.  Believing  them 
bound  to  Truxillo,  the  Serpent  proceeded  thither,  and,  on 
the  29th,  regained  sight  of  them  entering  the  bay.  Captain 
Waller  then  despatched  two  boats  in  charge  of  Lieutenant 
William  Patfull,  assisted  by  Charles  Trace,  master's  mate, 
Samuel  Nisbett,  midshipman,  and  the  purser,  Thomas  Scri- 
ven,  which,  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire  of  great  guns  and 
musketry,  boarded,  and  without  loss  carried  a  Spanish 
guarda-costa  schooner,  mounting  one  long  18-pounder  and 
six  smaller  guns,  with  a  crew  of  forty  men.  Leaving  this 
prize  in  possession  of  Mr.  Trace,  Lieutenant  Patfull  pursued 
a  4-gun  felucca  privateer,  but  the  latter  escaped  by  using 
her  sweeps. 

On  the  24th  of  December,  the  24-pounder>  44-gun  frigate 
Egyptienne,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Philip  Cosby 
Handheld  (in  the  absence  of  Captain  the  Hon.  C.  E.  Fle- 
ming), chased  off  Rochefort,  and  in  conjunction  with  the 
38-gun  frigate  Loire,  Captain  Frederick  Lewis  Maitland, 
captured  the  French  38-gun  frigate  Libre,  Captain  Henri 
Descorches.  The  Egyptienne's  loss  amounted  to  one  man 
killed  and  nine  wounded,  but  the  Loire  had  no  one  hurt. 
The  French  frigate  had  twenty  men  killed  and  wounded. 


154  BOATS   OF   WOLF  AND   MALABAR  AT   CUBA.         [1806. 


1806. 

On  the  2nd  of  January,  the  54-gun  ship  Malabar  and 
18-gun  corvette  Wolf,  Captain  Robert  Hall  and  Commander 
George  C.  Mackenzie,  cruising  off  the  south  end  of  Cuba, 
discovered  two  large  schooner  privateers  running  into 
Azeraderos,  a  small  harbour,  the  entrance  to  which  was  con- 
cealed by  a  double  reef  of  rocks.  Owing  to  the  skill  and 
exertions  of  the  master  of  the  Malabar,  Thomas  Fotherin- 
ghame,  the  passage  was  at  length  discovered,  and  the  Wolf 
was  conducted  through  an  opening  in  the  reefs,  and 
anchored  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  privateers,  which, 
in  expectation  of  an  attack,  were  moored  in  a  very  advan- 
tageous position  for  defence.  The  Wolf  opened  fire  upon 
the  two  vessels,  and  continued  it  for  nearly  two  hours,  when, 
observing  that  the  crews  of  the  vessels  were  escaping  to  the 
shore,  Captain  Mackenzie  ordered  the  boats  in-shore  to 
bring  the  vessels  out.  They  proved  to  be  the  Regulateur, 
mounting  one  long  brass  18-pounder  and  four  long  brass 
G-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  eighty  men,  and  the  Napoleon, 
of  five  guns  and  sixty -six  men.  Four  of  the  crews,  who 
were  wounded,  were  made  prisoners,  the  remainder  escaped. 
The  two  vessels  wTere  towed  beyond  the  reef,  but  the  Regu- 
lateur  sank  shortly  afterwards,  in  consequence  of  her  injuries. 
The  British  loss  amounted  to  two  seamen  killed  and  four 
wounded. 

On  the  6th  of  January,  the  3G-gun  frigate  Franchise, 
Captain  Charles  Dashwood,  having  anchored  about  five  miles 
distant  from  the  town  of  Campeachy,  despatched  her  launch, 
barge,  and  pinnace,  containing  sixty-four  officers  and  men, 
under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  John  Fleming,  assisted 
by  Lieutenant  Peter  John  Douglas,  Lieutenant  of  marines 
H.  B.  Mends,  and  Midshipmen  Cuthbert  F.  Daly,  John 
Lamb,  C.  W.  Chalmers,  and  William  Hamilton,  in  search  of 
enemy's  vessels.  The  boats  did  not  arrive  where  the  vessels 
lay  until  4h.  a.m.  on  the  7th,  which  was  long  after  the  moon 
had  risen;  consequently  their  approach  had  been  observed, 


1806.]  CUTTING    OUT    THE   RAPOSA.  155 

and  every  preparation  for  defence  adopted.  As  the  boats 
pulled  in,  they  became  exposed  to  the  fire  of  two  Spanish 
brigs  of  war,  a  schooner,  and  seven  gun-boats.  Lieutenant 
Fleming,  being  well  supported,  dashed  on  and  boarded  the 
i  nearest  brig,  and,  after  a  spirited  resistance  of  ten  minutes, 
carried  her.  The  prize  was  the  Spanish  brig  Raposa, 
mounting  twelve  guns,  with  swivels  and  cohorns,  having  on 
board  seventy-five  men.  Only  seven  of  the  British  were 
wounded.  The  Raposa  had  four  men  killed  and  twenty-six 
wounded.  The  guns  of  the  Raposa  having  been  turned 
upon  the  Spanish  flotilla,  they  retired  in-shore,  leaving  the 
British  in  quiet  possession  of  the  prize.  Lieutenant  Douglas 
was  promoted ;  but  Lieutenant  Fleming,  who  so  gallantly 
conducted  this  enterprize,  was  not  made  a  commander  until 
November,  1814,  just  three  years  after  Commander  Douglas 
had  attained  post  rank.  The  Patriotic  Fund  Committee 
voted  swords  to  the  three  lieutenants  above  named,  and  to 
Mr.  Lamb,  for  the  gallantry  they  displayed.  Those  not  so 
noticed  were  probably  not  mentioned  prominently  in  the 
Gazette  ;  which  accounts  for  the  omission. 

In  the  month  of  December,  1805,  two  squadrons,  together 
comprising  eleven  sail  of  the  line  and  four  frigates,  sailed 
from  Brest.  They  separated  into  two  squadrons ;  the  com- 
mand of  one  being  vested  in  Rear-Admiral  Willaumez,  who 
proceeded  to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  :  the  other  consisted 
of— 


Guns.  Ships 

120 


Imperial  \  Vice- Admiral  C.  U  Leisseigues 

P  "'  \  Captain  Julian  G.  Bigot 

80     Alexandre    ...  ...         „         P.  E.  Garreau 

i  Brave Commodore  L.  M.  Conde 

74  <  Diomede  .........      Captain  J.  B.  Henry 

(  Jupiter. .  ...  ...  .  .         „         G.  Laignel 

Frigates — Cornete  and  Felicite.     Corvette — Diligente 

Intelligence  of  the  sailing  of  these  squadrons  having 
reached  Vice-Admiral  Sir  John  Duckworth,  who  with  a 
squadron  was  blockading  Cadiz,  he  departed  in  pursuit,  and 
on  the  25th  and  26th  of  December  unsuccessfully  chased 
that  of  M.  Willaumez,  off  the  Cape  de  Yerds ;  he  then 
proceeded  to  Barbadoes,  and  being  there  joined  by  Rear- 
Admiral  the  Hon.  Alexander  Inglis  Cochrane,  in  the  North- 


74 


80 


156  ACTION    OFF   SAN   DOMINGO.  [1806. 

uniberland,  and  the  Atlas,  Captain  Samuel  Pym,  his  squa- 
dron consisted  of  the  under-mentioned  : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

![  Vice-Ad.  Sir  John  Thomas  Duckworth, 
Superb •]      K.B.  (white) 
(  Captain  Richard  Goodwin  Keats 
Rear- Ad.  Hon.  Alexander  Inglis  Cochrane 
(white) 
Captain  John  Morrison 
n  \  Rear- Ad.  Thos.  Louis  (white) 

°anoPus |  Captain  Francis  William  Austin 

(  Spencer    „         Hon.  Robert  Stopford 

74  <  Donegal   ,,         Pulteney  Malcolm 

(  Atlas „         Samuel  Pym 

64     Agamemnon     ....         „         Sir  Edward  Berry 
Frigate  Acasta    „         Richard  D.  Dunn 

The  18-gun  brig  Kingfisher,  Commander  Nathaniel  Daj 
Cochrane,  joined  at  Barbadoes,  on  the  3rd  of  February,  wit! 
intelligence  that  a  French  squadron  had  been  seen  steeling 
for  San  Domingo,  and  the  whole  immediately  weighed  it 
quest  of  the  enemy.  The  brig  Epervier,  Lieutenant  Thomas 
Higginson,  joined  the  same  day.  On  the  5th,  being  off  the 
east  end  of  San  Domingo,  the  32-gun  frigate  Magicienne 
Captain  Adam  Mackenzie,  joined  conijmny  with  news  that 
a  French  squadron  was  at  anchor  off  the  town  of  Sail 
Domingo.  At  daybreak  on  the  6th  of  February,  the 
British  squadron  gained  a  sight  of  the  enemy.  At  7h.  30m. 
A.M.,  observing  the  force  approaching,  the  French  slipped 
their  cables  and  made  sail  to  the  westward,  towards  Cape 
Nisao,  with  a  light  air  of  wind  from  the  northward,  and 
formed  a  line  of  battle  thus : — Alexandre,  Imperial,  Diomede. 
Jupiter,  and  Brave,  with  the  Felicite  and  Cornete  frigates, 
and  Diligente  corvette  inshore.  The  British  ships,  being 
more  off  the  land,  steered  a  course  to  cross  the  leading 
French  ship,  and  thereby  also  maintained  a  steadier  breeze. 

At  8h.  a.m.,  the  ships  of  the  British  squadron  were  in  two 
imperfectly-formed  lines ;  the  weather  one  consisted  of  the 
Superb,  Northumberland,  Spencer,  and  Agamemnon,  and  the  • 
lee  line  of  the  Canopus  (nearly  abeam  of  the  Spencer),  Donegal, 
and  Atlas  (the  latter  far  astern).  The  Acasta  and  Magicienne* 
frigates,  Kingfisher  and  Epervier  sloops,  were  to  windward  of 
the  line-of-battle  ships.  Soon  after  Sh.,  the  distance  increased 
between  the  different  British  ships  by  the  inequality  in  their  i 


1806.]  ACTION    OFF   SAX    DOMINGO.  157 

sailing,  and  the  Superb,  Northumberland,  and  Spencer,  in 
close  order,  and,  having  a  fine  breeze,  were  gaining  fast  on 
the  enemy ;  while  the  Agamemnon  had  fallen  considerably 
I  astern.     At  Oh.  50m.  the  enemy's  ships  hoisted  their  colours, 
and,  owing  to  the  wind  drawing  more  aft,  and  freshening 
i  considerably,  were  now  steering  with  it  on  their  starboard 
quarter.     At  lOh.  10m.,  the  Superb,  having  taken  in  her 
!  studding-sails,  opened  a  fire  from  her  starboard  guns,  being 
on  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  Alexandre ;   and,  in  a  few 
.  minutes,  the  Northumberland  also  coming  up,  engaged  the 
Imperial.     In  another  five  minutes  the  Spencer,  being  close 
on    the    Northumberland's  weather  quarter,  joined   in  the 
'  cannonade,  making  the  Diomede  her  more  immediate  oppo- 
nent, the  ships  now  running  nearly  before  the  wind,  at  the 
;  rate  of  about  seven  knots. 

After  the  third  broadside,  the  Alexandre  suddenly  hauled 
to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  and  succeeded  in  liming 
across  the  bows  of  the  Superb,  leaving  the  Imperial  in  close 
action  with  the  Superb  and  Northumberland.  At  lOh.  25m., 
the  Alexandre,  being  now  to  the  southward,  gallantly 
.attempted  to  pass  between  the  Northumberland  and  Spencer, 
:and  rejoin  the  Imperial  and  her  consorts,  from  whom  she 
was  separated;  but  the  Spencer  pouring  in  a  raking  fire, 
the  Alexandre  wore,  and  the  Spencer,  hauling  up  on  her 
.starboard  beam,  brought  her  to  close  action.  This  change 
of  position,  owing  to  the  smoke,  was  not  immediately  per- 
ceived by  the  Superb  and  Northumberland,  and  the  Spencer, 
pn  consequence,  received  several  shot  from  their  larboard 
jguns. 

The  Spencer  and  Alexandre  meanwhile  continued  closely 
engaged,  with  their  heads  to  the  southward,  while  the 
remaining  ships  of  both  squadrons  were  standing  to  the 
westward.  The  position  of  the  two  squadrons  at  this  period, 
after  much  close  examination  of  the  logs  of  the  Superb, 
Northumberland,  and  Spencer,  we  are  enabled  to  illustrate 
by  a  diagram. 


158  ACTION   OFF   SAN   DOMINGO.  [1806. 


^W,  ALEXANDRE 

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&,   biow:   ^ 

NORTH,  0. 

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s.=zxc:r 

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^r   BRAVE 

CANOPUS     rfi; 

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iz 

DONE.CAL   ;£fc 

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ACASTA       '  i 

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MAG. 

ATLAS 

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ACAMEMNON 

The  Northumberland  having  succeeded  in  shooting  ahead, 
gallantly  pushed  between  the  Superb  and  the  Imperial,  and 
for  a  long  time  received  from  the  latter  a  tremendous  fire.  At 
about  lOh.  35m.  the  Canopus,  leading  the  lee  column,  crossed 
the  bows  of  the  Alexandre  and  Spencer,  and  firing  a  broad- 
side into  the  French  ship,  brought  down  her  already  totter- 
ing masts.  The  Donegal  also  fired  into  the  Alexandre  in 
passing,  as  did  the  Atlas.  All  this  time  the  Spencer  con- 
tinued warmly  engaged  ;  but  at  llh.,  the  Alexandre's  fire 
having  been  silenced,  and  the  ship  being  wholly  defenceless, 
surrendered.  Without  waiting  to  take  possession  of  a  beaten 
enemy,  the  Spencer  wore  and  made  sail  after  the  remaining 
combatants.  The  Canopus,  after  filing  her  broadside  at  the 
Alexandre,  steered  for  the  Imperial  and  Dioinede,  and  the 
Donegal  and  Atlas  stood  towards  the  Jupiter  and  Brave. 

The  Donegal,  at  about  lOh.  45m.,  fired  her  starboard 
broadside  into  the  Brave,  then  huffing  round  under  her  stern, 
she  ranged  up  on  the  French  ship's  starboard  side,  and 
brought  her  to  close  action.  After  about  half  an  hour's 
animated  cannonading,  the  Brave  surrendered.     The  Atlas, 


1806.]  ACTION    OFF   SAN   DOMINGO.  159 

soon  after  the  Donegal  commenced  firing  upon  the  Brave 
brought  the  Jupiter  to  action  ;  but,  in  obedience  to  the 
signal  of  the  admiral  to  attack  the  van  of  the  enemy,  made 
sail  after  the  Canopus.  Captain  Malcolm,  therefore,  observ- 
ing the  Jupiter  without  an  opponent,  quitted  his  prize,  and 
proceeded  to  attack  that  ship.  After  bestowing  upon  her 
a  few  broadsides,  and  perceiving  the  imperfect  resistance 
offered,  the  gallant  captain  determined  to  board ;  and  order- 
ing the  Donegal's  helm  to  be  put  a-starboard,  she  was  quickly 
athwart  the  bows  of  the  Jupiter,  the  bowsprit  of  the  latter 
passing  over  the  Donegal's  larboard  quarter,  in  which  position 
it  was  secured  by  a  hawser.  The  remaining  officers  and 
crew  of  the  Jupiter,  finding  further  resistance  of  no  avail, 
surrendered,  without  much  opposition,  to  a  party  of  men 
headed  by  a  lieutenant  and  two  midshipmen,  who  boarded 
her.  The  Acasta,  by  the  direction  of  Captain  Malcolm, 
shortly  afterwards  took  possession  of  the  Brave.1 

The  Atlas,  at  about  llh.,  closed  the  Imperial,  sfcUl  engaged 
by  the  Northumberland,  and  after  firing  two  broadsides  into 
the  three-decker,  endeavoured  to  bear  up  under  her  stern  to 
rake  her  j  but  at  this  moment  the  tiller  of  the  Atlas  becom- 
ing jammed  by  a  shot  which  she  received  from  the  Diomede 
into  her  starboard  quarter,  she  fell  on  board  the  Canopus, 
but  without  doing  any  material  damage  to  that  ship,  earned 
away  her  own  bowsprit.  Throwing  all  aback,  the  Atlas 
dropped  clear  of  the  Canopus,  and  became  closely  eno-ao-ed 
with  the  Diomede  for  about  ten  minutes,  when  the  Spencer 
came  up  and  joined  in  the  action. 

The  Imperial  had  hitherto  principally  been  engaged  by  the 
Northumberland,  but  assisted  by  the  Superb,  Canopus,  and 
Atlas;  and  at  llh.  30m.,  having  lost  her  main  and  mizen- 
topmasts  by  their  united  fire,  hauled  towards  the  land,  then 
about  a  mile  distant  on  her  starboard  bow.  The  North- 
umberland was  by  this  time  so  crippled  as  to  be  unable  to 
pursue,  and  Sir  John  Duckworth,  deeming  it  unsafe  for  the 
Superb  to  stand  in-shore,  hauled  off  to  the  southward.  The 
Canopus,  however,  followed,  and  continued  to  fire  at  the 
three-decker  until  llh.  40m.,  when  the  latter  took  the  ground 
with  such  violence  that  her  three  masts  went  over  the  side. 

1  When  boarded  by  the  Acasta's  first  lieutenant,  only  one  of  the 
French  officers  (the  second  captain)  was  found  to  be  sober. 


1G0  KILLED   AND   WOUNDED.  [1806. 

Shortly  afterwards  she  fired  a  gun  to  leeward,  in  token  of 
surrender.  The  mainmast  of  the  Northumberland  at  about 
the  same  time  fell  forward,  crashing  the  boats,  and  doing 
great  damage.  The  Spencer,  after  quitting  the  Alexandre, 
crossed  the  bows  of  the  Diomede,  which  latter  shortly  after- 
wards, following  the  example  of  the  Imperial,  ran  on  shore, 
and  at  the  same  moment  her  three  masts  went  over  the  side  ; 
but  she  continued  to  fire  occasionally  at  the  Canopus  and 
Atlas.  The  Agamemnon,  having  been  so  far  astern,  found 
little  or  nothing  to  do  when  she  arrived  up.  This  ship,  how- 
ever, received  some  shot  from  the  Imperial  and  Diomede. 

Thus,  in  less  than  two  hours,  the  five  line-of-battle  ships 
were  either  captured  or  driven  on  shore,  the  frigates  only 
escaping.  The  Imperial  was  the  largest  and  finest  ship  in 
the  world,  measured  3,000  tons,  and  mounted  130  guns,  36, 
24:,  and  18-pounders,  and  36-pounder  carronades,  and  had 
seventeen  guns  of  a  side  on  the  lower,  middle,  and  main 
decks.  Her  crew  amounted  to  not  less  than  1,200  men,  of 
which  number  the  French  accounts  state  her  loss  to  have 
been  500  in  killed  and  wounded.  The  other  captured  ships 
suffered  in  proportion,  so  that  their  united  loss  in  killed  and 
wounded  must  have  been  very  little  short  of  1,500  men. 
The  British  loss  was  as  follows  :  —  Superb :  six  men  killed ; 
and  Lieutenant  Charles  Patriarche,  William  Pickering,  master, 
Charles  Wallington,  Thomas  Jackson,  Joseph  Bullen,  and 
James  Willcox,  midshipmen,  and  fifty  men,  wounded.  North- 
umberland  :  David  Ridgway,  midshipman,  and  twenty  men, 
killed ;  and  Lieutenant  George  F.  Seymour,  William  Millard, 
C.  W.  Selwyn,  Jeremiah  Lawrence  (all  four  severely),  Henry 
Stokes,  Charles  Comer,  and  Philip  Peacock,  midshipmen,  and 
seventy-two  petty  officers,  seamen,  and  marines,  wounded. 
Canopus  :  eight  officers  and  men  killed,  and  twenty-two 
wounded.  Spencer  :  Martin  Oates,  boatswain,  fourteen  sea- 
men, and  three  marines,  killed ;  and  Captain  Hon.  R.  Stop- 
ford,  Lieutenant  James  Harris,  Lieutenant  (marines)  James 
Cuthbertson,  William  Neame,  midshipman,  forty  seamen, 
and  six  marines,  wounded.  Donegal  :  C.  H.  Kynaston,  mid- 
shipman, seven  seamen,  and  four  marines,  killed  ;  and  John 
Airey,  master,  William  Rudall,  H.  Ogilvie,  and  Edward 
Acton,  midshipmen,  twelve  seamen  and  marines  badly,  and 
seventeen  slightly,  wounded.    Atlas  :  eight  men  killed,  and 


1806.J  CAPTURE    OF   ALCIDE. 


161 


William  Mowbray  master,  Stephen  Spargo,  boatswain,  and 
nine  men,  wounded.  Agamemnon  :  one  killed,  and  thirC 
including  Lieutenant  William  Coote,  wounded  Total  ' 
seventy-four  killed,  and  264:  wounded 

The  Northumberland  was  the  only  British  ship  that  lost  a 
mast.  The  Donegal  lost  her  fore-yard,  and  the  Atlas  her 
bowsprit.  The  masts  and  rigging  of  most  of  the  ships  were 
much  damaged  and  the  hulls  of  some- especially1  of  the 
Northumberland-in  a  shattered  state.  The  Alexandre  was 
with  difficulty  kept  afloat.  The  Imperial  and  Diomede  were 
lying  broadside  on  to  the  surf- the  latter  about  200  yards 

otXlthletl     fnf~Ttb0t}l  b^ed  and  total  w^cka 
On  the  8th  the  Acasta  and  Magicienne,  after  taking  out  the 

captain  and  about  100  men,  which  were  all  that  remained  on 
board  the  Diomede,  set  both  French  ships  on  fire.  The  crew  of 
the  Imperial,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  Diomede's,  reached  the 
shore  and  escaped  As  soon  as  the  two  most  disabled  of  the 
three  prize* ;  could  be  refitted,  Sir  John  Duckworth  proceeded 
with  them  to  Jamaica,  from  whence  the  least  disabled  of  the 
French  ships,  with  the  Northumberland  and  the  Agamemnon 
sailed  for  Barbadoes.  ' 

Rear-Admiral  the  Hon.  A.  I.  Cochrane  was  invested  with 
the  order  of  the  Bath,  and  Rear-Admiral  Louis  created  a 
baronet  Commander  Cochrane,  the  bearer  of  the  despatches 
was  posted,  and  Lieutenant  John  Morrison,  first  of  the 
feuperb,  was  also  made  a  post  captain ;  but  what  other  pro- 
motions were  officially  made  we  are  unable  to  state  The 
thanks  of  both  houses  of  Parliament  were  voted  on  the  occa- 
sion, and  the  naval  medal  has  recently  been  granted  for  it. 

On  the  8th  of  March  the  boats  of  the  44-sun  frigate 
Egyptienne,  Captain  the  Hon.  Charles  Paget,  were  despatched 
under  Commander  Philip  C.  Handfield  (who,  not  having 
received  an  official  notice  of  his  promotion,  still  acted  as  first 
heutenant  oi  the  frigate),  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Richard 
Israel  Alleyn  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Edward  H  Garth- 
waite,  to  endeavour  to  cut  out  a  large  privateer  in  Muros 
Harbour.  The  enterprise  was  gallantly  conducted,  and  the 
Bordeaux  privateer  Alcide,  pierced  for  thirty-four  guns,  and 
moored  close  to  the  beach  (which  was  lined  by  a  bodv  of 
troops),  was  towed  out  to  sea. 
On  the  13th  of-  March,  at  3h.  a.m.,  in  lat.  26°  N.   lorn? 

VOL.  II.  M  '         °* 


162  CAPTURE   OF   MARENGO   AND    BELLE   POULE.         [1806. 

29°  30'  W.,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the  98-gun  ship  London, 
Captain  Sir  Harry  Neale  ;  80-gun  ship  Foudroyant,  Captain 
John  C.  "White  ;  and  38-gnn  frigate  Amazon,  Captain 
William  Parker,  under  Vice- Admiral  Sir  John  B.  Warren 
(whose  flag  was  in  the  Foudroyant),  came  in  sight  of  two 
large  sail  on  the  lee-beam.  The  London,  being  at  some  dis- 
tance to  leeward,  and  astem,  was  the  first  to  discover  the 
strangers,  and  immediately  wore  and  bore  up  in  chase,  making 
signals  to  the  admiral  with  false  fires  and  blue  lights.  At 
5h.  30m.  the  London  got  alongside  the  stranger,  which  was 
the  French  74-gun  ship  Marengo,  bearing  the  flag  of  Rear- 
Adiniral  Linois,  and  commenced  a  close  and  vigorous  can- 
nonade. At  6h.  the  Marengo  made  sail  ahead,  and  at 
<3h.  15m.  her  consort,  the  40-gun  frigate  Belle  Poule,  gallantly 
joined  in  engaging  the  British  ship.  The  Amazon,  at  7h., 
arrived  up,  and  took  the  attention  of  the  Belle  Poule,  leaving 
the  London  to  continue  her  chase  and  running  fight  with  the 
Marengo.  The  action  lasted  till  lOh.  25m.,  when  the  two 
French  ships  surrendered. 

The  loss  on  board  the  London  amounted  to  William 
Rooke,  midshipman,  and  nine  seamen  and  marines,  killed  ; 
and  Lieutenant  William  Faddy  (dangerously),  Thomas  W. 
Watson,  midshipman,  and  twenty  men,  wounded.  The 
Amazon  had  her  first  lieutenant,  Richard  Seymour,  Lieu- 
tenant (marines)  Edward  Prior,  and  two  men,  killed ;  and 
Thomas  Hoskins,  master,  and  five  men,  wounded.  The 
Marengo  had  sixty-three  men  killed,  and  eighty-two 
wounded ;  among  the  latter,  Admiral  Linois,  and  his  son, 
severely ;  and  Captain  Yrignaud,  with  the  loss  of  his  right 
arm.  The  Belle  Poule  had  six  men  killed  and  thirty-four 
wounded.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  to  the  London  and 
Amazon  for  the  capture  of  these  two  ships. 

On  the  21st  of  March,  the  hired  armed  16-gun  brig  Col- 
poys,  with  a  crew  of  twenty-one  men  and  boys,  commanded 
by  Lieutenant  Thomas  Ussher,  chased  into  the  harbour  of 
A  villas,  on  the  coast  of  Spain,  three  Spanish  luggers,  which 
took  shelter  under  a  6-gun  battery.  The  Colpoys  followed  ; 
but  having  got  within  range  of  the  battery  it  fell  calm. 
Lieutenant  Ussher  then  manned  two  boats,  taking  the  com- 
mand himself,  with  which  he  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  the 
luggers.      Lieutenant   Ussher's   boat  out-pulled  the  other,. 


1806.]  CAPTURE   OF   PHAETON   AND   VOLTIGEUR.  163 

and,  without  waiting  for  her  to  close,  he  boarded  and  carried 
the  three  vessels  in  succession;  the  crews,  with  the  exception 
of  thirteen  men,  quitting  the  vessels  on  his  approach.  The 
second  boat  then  came  up  and  assisted  in  towing  off  the 
prizes.  Two  of  the  luggers  mounted  two  guns  each.  In 
performing  this  dashing  exploit  only  two  men  were  wounded. 
Lieutenant  XJssher  was  promoted  in  the  month  of  October 
following,  and  his  gallantry  was  further  noticed  by  a  present 
of  a  sword,  value  fifty  guineas,  by  the  Patriotic  Fund. 

On  the  24th  of  March,  at  lh.  p.m.,  Cape  Roxo,  Porto 
Eico,  bearing  north,  distant  about  forty  miles,  the  18-gun 
sloop  Reindeer,  Commander  John  Fyffe,  discovered  two  brigs 
to  windward.  The  strangers  were  the  French  national 
16-gun  brigs  Phaeton  and  Voltigeur,  Lieutenants  Saulce  and 
Cricq.  The  Voltigeur  steered  for  the  bow  of  the  Reindeer, 
and  at  2h.  p.m.,  hoisted  her  colours,  and,  in  passing  to  leeward, 
fired  her  broadside  ;  while  the  Phaeton,  bearing  a  com- 
modore's pendant,  continued  her  course  on  a  wind.  Captain 
Fyffe,  deeming  the  latter  the  most  eligible  opponent,  tacked, 
and  crossing  the  Phaeton,  opened  fire,  which  was  returned 
by  the  French  brig.  The  Reindeer  and  two  brigs  continued 
tacking  and  exchanging  broadsides  until  dark,  when  4the 
British  vessel,  having  her  sails  and  rigging  much  damaged, 
was  unable  to  tack  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  an  hour.  In  the 
mean  time  the  French  brigs  made  off,  and  at  7h.  p.m.  had  dis- 
appeared.   The  Reindeer  sustained  no  loss  in  this  encounter. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  the  36-gun  frigate  Pique,  Captain 
Charles  B.  H.  Ross,  while  crossing  from  St.  Domingo  to 
Curacoa,  chased  the  two  brigs  above  mentioned,  and  at  lh.  p.m. 
opened  fire  upon  them.  At  2h.,  by  her  superior  sailing,  the 
Pique  brought  the  brigs  to  close  action,  and  after  the  firing 
had  continued  twenty  minutes,  the  Phaeton,  having  had  her 
gaff-halyards  shot  away,  fell  on  board  the  Pique.  In  an 
instant,  Lieutenants  William  Ward  and  Philip  H.  Baker, 
John  Thompson,  master,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Henry 
Craig,  together  with  twenty-five  seamen  and  marines,  sprang 
on  the  deck  of  the  brig,  and  the  Pique,  sheering  off  from  the 
Phaeton,  made  sail  after  the  Voltigeur.  But  no  sooner  had 
the  boarders  stepped  on  the  Phaeton's  deck  than  a  large  body 
of  men  rushed  from  under  the  fore  and  aft  mainsail,  and 
opened  a  verv  destructive  fire,  killing  the  master  and  eight 
m2 


164  CAPTURE   OF  NEAKQUE.  [1806. 

seamen  ;  and  wounding  Lieutenants  Ward,  Baker,  and  Craig, 
and  eleven  seamen  and  marines.  The  Pique,  observing  the 
straggle,  threw  all  aback,  and  sent  assistance  to  the  board  ers, 
which,  in  a  few  minutes,  compelled  the  French  crew  to  cry 
for  quarter.  Having  again  made  sail,  the  Pique  overtook, 
and  captured  the  Voltigeur,  without  further  resistance.  On 
board  the  Pique  only  one  man  was  wounded.  The  Phaeton 
aud  Voltigeur  were  added  to  the  British  navy,  under  the 
names  of  Mignonne  and  Musette.  The  above  is  a  naval 
medal  action. 

A  few  days  previous  to  the  capture  of  the  brigs,  Lieutenant 
Ward,  in  the  Pique's  gig,  and  John  Eveleigh,  midshipman,  in 
the  yawl,  gallantly  boarded,  and,  after  a  smart  resistance,  but 
without  loss,  succeeded  in  capturing,  off  Ocoe  Bay,  San 
Domingo,  the  Spanish  schooner  Clara,  of  one  long  9-pounder 
and  twenty-eight  men. 

On  the  28th  of  March,  the  French  18-gun  corvette 
Nearque  was  captured,  after  a  long  chase,  off  the  Glenans, 
by  the  38-gun  frigate  Niobe,  Captain  John  W.  Loring.  That 
which  renders  this  capture  chiefly  meritorious,  consists  in  the 
service  having  been  performed  in  the  presence  of  a  squadron 
of  superior  force  ;  and  great  praise  is  due  to  Captain  Loring 
for  the  skilful  manner  in  which  the  vessel  was  boarded. 
Lieutenant  Barrington  Reynolds  commanded  the  boarding 
party. 

On  the  3rd  of  April,  the  3  6 -gun  frigate  Renommee,  Cap- 
tain Sir  Thomas  Livingstone,  and  18-gun  brig  Nautilus, 
Commander  Edmund  Palmer,  were  driven  from  before 
Carthagena,  by  a  Spanish  squadron,  consisting  of  two  ships 
of  the  line  and  a  frigate,  while  a  brig,  having  under  her 
protection  a  convoy  of  coasters,  with  a  fresh  easterly  breeze, 
ran  down  along  shore  to  the  westward.  The  Ptenommee 
having,  in  the  evening,  distanced  the  Spanish  squadron, 
Captain  Livingstone,  after  despatching  the  Nautilus  to  Lord 
Collingwood,  made  sail  towards  Cape  de  Gata,  in  the  hope  of 
ciitting  off  the  Spanish  brig,  and  on  the  4th,  at  2h.  a.m.,  the 
latter  was  discovered  at  anchor  under  the  Fort  Callartes. 
The  frigate  was  delayed  by  baffling  winds  in  her  approach  to 
the  shore  ;  but  on  arriving  up,  the  frigate's  fire  soon  silenced 
the  brig,  and  cut  asunder  the  hawser  by  which  she  was 
warping  herself  on   shore,   after   which   her   colours  were 


1806.]  BOARDING    THE   TAPAGEUSE.  165 

hauled  down.  The  prize  proved  to  be  the  Spanish  18-gun 
brig  of  war  Vigilante,  having  a  crew  of  109  men,  and  at 
3h.  30m.  a.m.  of  the  4th,  she  was  brought  off.  The  Re- 
nommee  sustained  very  little  damage,  and  had  only  two  men 
wounded.  The  Vigilante  had  one  man  killed  and  three 
woimded,  and  her  mainmast  fell  soon  after  her  surrender. 
She  was  added  to  the  British  navy,  under  the  name  of 
Spider. 

On  the  oth  of  April,  a  little  after  dark,  the  boats  of  the 
32-gun  frigate  Pallas,  Captain  Lord  Cochrane  (which  ship 
was  anchored  near  the  Cordouan  shoal),  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant  John  Haswell,  assisted  by  James  Sutherland, 
master,  and  Midshipmen  Edward  Perkyns,  John  Campbell 
Crawford,  and  W.  A.  Thompson,  proceeded  to  the  attack  of 
two  corvettes,  lying  twenty  miles  above  the  shoals,  and  pro- 
tected by  two  heavy  batteries.  At  3L  a.m.  on  the  6th,  the 
British  party  boarded,  and  carried  the  brig  Tapageuse  (of 
fourteen  long  8-pounders  and  ninety-five  men),  in  spite  of  a 
determined  resistance.  The  strength  of  the  tide  prevented 
the  boats  from  ascending  the  river  after  the  other  brig,  but 
at  daybreak  the  Tapageuse  was  under  sail.  The  alarm  was 
immediately  given,  and  the  consort  of  the  captured  brig 
followed  and  engaged  her ;  but  after  an  hour's  firing,  was 
compelled  to  sheer  off.  Three  seamen  belonging  to  the 
British  boats  were  wounded,  one  with  the  loss  of  both  arms, 
On  the  same  morning,  while  the  Pallas  was  waiting  the 
return  of  her  boats,  two  armed  ships  and  a  brig  were  observed 
coming  down  towards  her,  upon  which  she  immediately 
weighed,  and  chased  and  drove  all  three  vessels  on  shore. 
These  were  the  20-gun  corvettes  Garonne  and  Gloire,  and 
the  16-gun  brig  Malicieuse.  The  masts  of  all  three  vessels 
shortly  afterwards  went  by  the  board,  and  their  hulls  were 
covered  with  the  spray.  The  Patriotic  Fund  presented 
swords,  valued  at  fifty  and  thirty  guineas,  to  the  above- 
named  officers  in  reward  for  their  gallantry. 

On  the  17th  of  April,  at  2h.  p.m.,  the  36-gun  frigate 
Sirius,  Captain  "William  Prowse,  while  on  a  cruise  six  or 
seven  leagues  to  the  westward  of  Civita  Vecchia,  gained 
intelligence  of  a  French  flotilla  which  was  to  sail  that  morn- 
ing for  Naples.  The  Sirius  proceeded  in  that  direction,  and 
at  4h.  15m.  p.m.  discovered  the  corvette  Bergere,  of  eighteen 


166  CUTTING   OUT  THE   GIGANTA.  [1806. 

long  12-pounders,  and  one  36-pounder  brass  carronade,  with 
139  men,  Commodore  Duclos ;  20-gun  brig  Abeille  ;  12-gun  | 
brigs  Legere  and  Janus ;  bombard  Victoire,  of  twelve  long 
18-pounders,  and  two  heavy  mortars ;  cutter  Gauloise,  and 
gun-ketches  Jalouse,  Gentille,  and  Provencale,  each  having 
four  long  4-pounders,  and  one  36-pounder  brass  carronade, 
making  in  all  ninety-seven  guns.  The  Sirius  closed  with  the 
flotilla  soon  after  sunset,  the  vessels  of  which  were  formed  in 
compact  order,  within  two  leagues  of  the  mouth  of  the  Tiber, 
and  lying  to  near  a  dangerous  shoal,  awaiting  the  attack. 
At  7h.  p.m.  the  Sirius,  having  arrived  within  pistol-shot, 
opened  her  fire,  and  continued  closely  engaged  for  two  hours ; 
at  the  end  of  which  time,  the  Bergere  hailed  to  say  that  she 
had  surrendered.  Although  several  of  the  remaining  vessels 
were  silenced,  the  Sirius  was  so  much  cut  up,  as  to  be  unable 
to  pursue  them.  Her  loss  amounted  to  William  Adair, 
master's  mate,  five  seamen,  and  three  marines,  killed ;  and 
Acting  Master  James  Brett,  and  John  Bobinson  and  Mey- 
ricke  Lloyd,  midshipmen,  twelve  seamen,  and  five  marines, 
wounded.  A  vase,  value  100  guineas,  was  presented  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund  to  Captain  Prowse.  The  naval  medal  is 
granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  night  of  the  3rd  of  May,  the  boats  of  the  36-gun 
frigate  Benommee,  Captain  Sir  Thomas  Livingstone,  were 
despatched,  when  off  Cape  Palos,  under  the  command  of 
Lieutenants  Sir  William  Parker,  Charles  Adams,  and  Alex- 
ander Nesbitt,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Henry  John  Murton, 
and  Timothy  Murray,  boatswain,  as  well  as  several  midship- 
men (not  named),  to  cut  out  the  Spanish  schooner  Giganta, 
lying  in  the  port  of  Vieja.  At  about  lh.  a.m.  of  the  4th, 
the  boats  reached  the  schooner,  and  although  the  latter  was 
fully  prepared  for  defence,  with  her  boarding  nettings  triced 
up,  chain  moored  within  pistol-shot  of  the  batteries,  and 
further  covered  by  100  men  drawn  up  on  the  beach,  she  was 
carried  in  gallant  style.  One  midshipman,  Charles  Forbes, 
and  three  men  were  badly  wounded,  and  three  slightly  ;  and 
the  Giganta  had  nine  men  wounded.  The  prize,  which  was 
brought  off,  mounted  two  long  24-pounders  forward,  three 
long  4-pounders,  and  four  swivels.  She  had  a  crew  of  twenty- 
eight  men,  and  was  commanded  by  a  captain  of  the  Spanish 


1806.]  PALLAS  AND  MINERVA.  167 

navy.    The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  swords  to  the  above-named 
officers. 

On  the  12th  of  May,  the  Indefatigable  and  Pallas,  Cap- 
tains John  T.  Rodd  and  Lord  Cochrane,  with  the  18- gun 
brig  Kingfisher,  Commander  George  F.  Seymoiu-,  watching 
the  French  squadron,  in  the  roads  of  Aix,  being  perceived 
by  the  French  admiral,  two  frigates  and  three  brigs  were 
ordered  to  get  underweigh  and  stand  out  to  attack  them. 
At  2h.  p.m.  the  British  frigates  were  fired  at  by  the  light- 
house battery  on  the  island  of  Aix,  but  at  3h.,  being  close 
under  the  batteries,  tacked  and  stood  out  to  sea,  hoping  by 
these  means  to  draw  the  enemy  off  the  land.  This,  however, 
not  succeeding,  the  Pallas  (the  adventurous  disposition  of 
whose  captain  has  already  been  repeatedly  noticed)  proceeded 
in-shore,  on  the  14th,  alone;  and  at  lOh.  30m.  a.m.,  having 
arrived  within  two  miles  of  the  battery  of  Aix,  shortened 
sail  to  the  topsails,  braving  the  heavy  frigates  in  the  roads. 
This  had  the  desired  effect,  as  shortly  afterwards  the  40-gun 
frigate  Minerva  and  three  brigs  were  observed  coming  out, 
with  studding-sails  and  royals  set.  The  Pallas  gallantly 
awaited  the  approach  of  her  enemies,  and  the  Minerva  and 
her  consorts  having  arrived  within  point-blank  range,  she 
opened  an  admirably-directed  fire  upon  them.  The  main- 
topsail  yard  of  one  of  the  brigs  came  down,  and  the  Minerva 
sustained  much  damage  to  her  sails  and  rigging.  The  British 
frigate  having  received  in  return  a  fire  from  the  frigates,  and 
also  from  the  batteries,  hauled  on  board  her  fore  and  main 
tacks,  and  endeavoured  to  cross  the  bows  of  the  Minerva, 
and  get  to  windward  of  her,  and  this,  after  much  excellent 
seamanship  and  good  pilotage  amongst  the  various  dangerous 
shoals,  was  at  lh.  p.m.  accomplished,  and  the  Pallas  then 
opened  upon  her  principal  adversary  a  close  cannonade  from 
to  windward.  After  engaging  a  short  time,  the  Minerva's 
fire  began  to  slacken,  and  Lord  Cochrane,  with  a  view  of 
preventing  the  frigate's  retreat,  gallantly  determined  on 
boarding.  The  helm  of  the  Pallas  was  accordingly  put 
a-weather,  and  she  ran  the  Minerva  on  board.  So  violent 
was  the  collision  that  it  brought  down  the  fore-topmast  of 
the  Pallas,  carried  away  the  jib-boom,  spritsail-yard,  bumpkin, 
cat-head,  fore  and  main-topsail  yards,  chain  plates  of  the  fore 


168  WARREN    HASTINGS   AND    PIEMONTAISE.  [1806. 

rigging,  and  the  bower  anchor  was  torn  from  her  bows.  The 
two  ships  then  separated  before  an  opportunity  of  gaining 
the  deserted  decks  of  the  Minerva  was  effected ;  but  the 
capture  would  in  all  probability  have  taken  place,  had  not 
the  French  admiral,  seeing  the  disabled  state  of  the  Minerva, 
despatched  two  other  frigates  to  her  assistance.  Under  these 
circumstances,  the  Pallas  got  her  head  off  shore,  and  meeting 
the  Kingfisher,  was  taken  in  tow  by  her.  The  loss  on  board 
the  Pallas,  out  of  a  crew  of  214  men  and  boys,  was  one 
marine  killed,  and  Midshipman  William  Andrews  (severely) 
and  four  seamen  wounded.  The  Minerva,  whose  crew  amounted 
to  330  men  and  boys,  only  acknowledged  to  a  loss  of  seven 
killed  and  fourteen  wounded.  The  Pallas  was  a  ship  of  667 
tons  only,  mounting  twenty-six  12 -pounders  on  the  main 
deck,  and  twelve  24-pounder  carronades  on  the  quarter-deck 
and  forecastle ;  total,  thirty-eight  guns.  The  Minerva  was 
a  fine  frigate  of  1,100  tons,  and  when  subsequently  captured, 
mounted  twenty-eight  long  18-pounders  on  the  main  deck, 
and  four  long_8-pounders  and  twelve  carronades,  36-pomiders, 
on  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle  ;  total,  forty-four  guns. 

On  the  27th  of  May,  the  French  national  16-gun  brig 
Diligente  was  captured  in  the  West  Indies  without  resist- 
ance, after  a  chase  of  forty-eight  hours,  by  the  18-gun  cor- 
vette Renard,  Commander  Jeremiah  Coghlan. 

On  the  21st  of  June,  at  7h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  outward-bound 
H.E.I.C.  ship  Warren  Hastings,  in  latitude  26°  south,  was 
chased  by  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Piemontaise,  Captain 
Jacques  Epron.  The  Warren  Hastings,  at  lOh.  a.m.,  hoisted 
colours  and  made  the  private  signal,  but  which  was  not 
noticed  by  the  Piemontaise,  although  the  latter  had  English 
colours  flying.  At  llh.,  the  British  merchant  ship  shortened 
sail,  and  cleared  for  action,  and  at  noon  the  Piemontaise, 
having  taken  in  her  studding-sails,  substituted  French  for 
British  colours.  At  lh.  20m.  p.m.,  the  Piemontaise,  sailing 
about  two  feet  to  one  of  the  Warren  Hastings,  ran  to  lee- 
ward, and  opened  fire  upon  her  larboard  quarter  within 
musket-shot.  The  Warren  Hastings  gallantly  returned  the 
fire,  as  soon  as  her  guns  would  bear.  After  tiring  for  about 
twenty  minutes,  the  frigate  made  sail  and  passed  ahead,  but, 
owing  to  the  fresh  wind  blowing,  had  done  little  damage. 
After  standing  on   for  some    short  time,  the    Piemontaise 


1806.]  WARREN"   HASTINGS   AND    PIEMONTAISE.  1G0" 

tacked,  and,  passing  close  to  leeward  of  her  antagonist,  gave 
and  received  a  smart  fire,  which  wonnded  the  Indiaman's 
foremast,  cut  away  the  larboard  fore-shrouds,  fore-topsaii-tie, 
and  much  of  the  running  rigging.     The  ensign  also  was  shot 
away,  but  was  quickly  replaced  by  another  at  the  main-top- 
mast head.     The  Piemontaise  again  hove  about,  and  her 
third  attack  crippled  the  foremast  of  the  Hastings.     Having 
a  second  time  tacked  ahead  of  the  Hastings,  the  Piemontaise 
renewed  her  fire,  which  was  returned  with  great  spirit  by 
her  opponent,  who,  in  this  fourth  attack,  had  her  fore  and 
main  masts  shot  through,  and  some  of  her  guns  dismounted. 
While  in  this  disabled  state,  with  only  the  main-topsail  set, 
the  Piemontaise  made  a  fifth  attack,  and  by  her  heavy  fire 
shot  away  the  mizenmast  of  the  Hastings,  which,  falling 
forward,   rendered  most  of  the   guns   on   the  upper  deck 
useless.     In  this  helpless  situation,  no  other  course  remained 
to   the   nobly-defended   ship   than   to   surrender ;   and  the 
British  colours  were  accordingly  hauled  down.     Her  loss,  out 
of  a  crew  of  130  men,  amounted  to  John  Edwick,  purser, 
and  six  men,  killed ;  the  first,  third,  and  sixth  mates  (James 
Cockwell,  Edward  Davies,  and  William  Hope),  James  Gre- 
ville,  surgeon's  mate,  and  nine  seamen,  wounded.     The  Pie- 
montaise had  seven  men  killed  and  five  wounded.     A  refer- 
ence to  the  description  of  the  India  fleet,  under  Commodore 
Dance1  (which  holds  equally  good  in  the  case  of  the  Warren 
Hastings),  will  show  that  to  resist  an   18-pounder  frigate 
was  rashness.     The  gallantry  was,  however,  unquestionable  ; 
and  had  the  Hastings  at  the  commencement  succeeded  in 
knocking  away  a  topmast,  or  crippling  a  lower  mast,  she 
might  have  escaped. 

The  dismasted  state  of  the  Warren  Hastings,  and  the 
heavy  sea  running,  caused  the  ship  to  fall  off  before  the 
wind,  and  from  want  of  attention  on  board  the  Piemontaise, 
she  fell  on  board  that  ship,  with  a  force  which  seemed  to 
endanger  both.  A  party  of  Frenchmen,  headed  by  the 
firsrt  lieutenant,  Charles  Moreau,  then  rushed  on  the  British 
ship's  deck,  armed  more  like  pirates  than  national  seamen, 
threatening  the  lives  of  all  on  board.  Captain  Larkins  was 
dragged  about  the  decks,  and  Lieutenant  Moreau,  accusing 

See  page  78,  ante. 


170  CUTTING   OUT   THE   CESAR  AT  VERDON.  [1806. 

him  of  intentionally  running  foul  of  the  frigate,  in  order  to 
cripple  her  masts,  stabbed  him  in  the  right  side  with  a 
poniard,  which  passed  through  the  right  lobe  of  the  liver, 
and  occasioned  so  great  a  flow  of  blood,  that  Captain  Larkins 
fainted.  Three  officers  were  also  stabbed  in  cold  blood  by 
Frenchmen ;  but  it  is  only  justice  to  Captain  Epron,  Acting 
Lieutenant  Baudin,  and  some  other  of  the  officers,  to  state 
that  they  did  their  utmost  to  restrain  the  drunken  fury  of 
the  monster  Moreau  and  his  men,  and  to  render  Captain 
Larkins  and  the  survivors  of  his  crew  every  possible  atten- 
tion. The  Piemontaise,  with  her  prize,  arrived  at  the  Isle 
of  France  on  the  4th  of  July. 

On  the  9th  of  July,  the  French  34-gun  frigate  privateer 
Bellone,  Captain  Jacques  Perroud,  was  captured  off  Ceylon, 
after  a  chase  and  a  running  fight  of  near  two  hours'  duration, 
by  the  74-gun  ship  Powerful,  Captain  Robert  Plampin. 
The  Bellone,  when  first  seen,  was  pursuing  the  16-gun  ship- 
sloop  Rattlesnake,  Commander  John  Bastard.  The  Powerful 
had  two  men  killed  and  eleven  wounded  by  the  fire  of  the 
privateer,  and  the  Bellone  one  man  killed  and  six  wounded. 
The  prize  was  added  to  the  British  navy,  as  a  28-gun  frigate, 
under  the  same  name. 

Commodore  Sir  Samuel  Hood,  who  commanded  a  squadron 
of  six  sail  of  the  line  and  a  frigate  off  Rochefort,  having 
learnt  that  a  convoy,  laden  with  stores  for  the  fleet  at 
Brest,  was  about  to  sail  from  Verdon  Roads,  under  the  pro- 
tection of  two  corvettes,  determined  to  give  the  officers  and 
men  of  the  squadron  an  opportunity  of  cutting  them  out. 
A  boat  from  each  line-of-battle  ship  was  selected,  and  sent 
to  the  32-gun  frigate  Iris,  which  ship  immediately  proceeded 
off  the  Gironde,  where  she  joined  the  44-gun  frigate  Inde- 
fatigable, Captain  John  T.  Rodd.  The  six  boats  were  com- 
manded as  follows  : — Centaur's,  Lieutenant  Edward  R.  Sibly 
(the  senior  officer)  ;  Conqueror's,  Lieutenant  George  Fitz- 
maurice  ;  Prince  of  Wales's,  Lieutenant  John  Francis ;  Re- 
venge's, Lieutenant  Charles  Manners ;  Polyphemus's,  not 
named  \  and  Monarch's,  Lieutenant  Dalhousie  Tait ;  Achil- 
les', not  named.  To  these  were  added  three  boats  from  the 
Indefatigable,  commanded  by  Lieutenants  Thomas  Parker, 
Thomas  Arscott,  and  Ralph  Shipperdson,  as  well  as  three 
from  the  Iris,  whose  officers  are  not  named  in  the  despatch. 


1806.]  BLANCHE   AND    GUERRIERE.  '  171 

On  the  night  of  the  15th  of  July,  the  twelve  boats  quitted 
the  Indefatigable.  A  strong  head-wind  delayed  their 
progress,  but  they  succeeded  in  reaching  Yerdon  Roads  at 
midnight.  The  first  object  of  attack  was  the  French  16-gun 
brig  Cesar,  which  Lieutenant  Sibly  gallantly  attempted  to 
board ;  but,  while  in  the  act  of  cutting  away  the  boarding- 
netting,  he  was  wounded  by  a  pike  and  sabre  in  the  side, 
arm,  and  face.  The  brig  was,  however,  boarded,  and  car- 
ried, after  a  very  gallant  defence,  her  commander,  M.  Fourre, 
being  among  the  killed.  The  other  brig,  the  Teazer  (late 
British),  of  14-guns,  slipped  her  cable,  and  escaped  by  run- 
ning up  the  river.  The  convoy  followed  her  example,  and 
escaped.  The  Cesar,  although  exposed  for  some  time  to  the 
fire  of  the  batteries  on  both  sides  of  the  river,  worked  out, 
under  the  direction  of  Lieutenant  Parker,  and  joined  the 
frigates  in  the  offing.  The  trophy  was  dearly  purchased. 
Lieutenant  Charles  Manners,  Thomas  Helpman,  master's 
mate,  and  seven  seamen,  were  killed ;  and  Lieutenants  Sibly, 
Tait  (both  badly),  Parker,  and  Shipperdson,  Thomas  Mul- 
lins,  master's  mate,  and  thirty-four  seamen  and  marines, 
were  wounded,  Thomas  Blackstone,  midshipman,  and  nine- 
teen seamen  and  marines  of  the  Revenge,  were  made 
prisoners,  their  boat  having  been  struck  and  disabled  by  a 
shot.  Lieutenant  Sibly  was  promoted.  The  above  is  a 
naval  medal  boat  action. 

The  frigates  Phoebe  and  Thames,  Captains  James  Oswald 
and  Bridges  W.  Taylor,  lying  in  Leith  Roads,  were  ordered 
to  proceed  to  the  Shetland  Islands  in  search  of  three  French 
frigates  that  had  been  doing  much  injury  to  the  Greenland 
fisheries.  Captain  Thomas  Lavie,  in  the  38-gun  frigate 
Blanche,  was  ordered  to  take  the  above-named  ships  under 
his  orders.  The  Phcebe  and  Thames  proceeded ;  but  on 
arriving  at  the  appointed  rendezvous,  ascertained  that  one 
of  the  French  frigates  had  parted  company  when  they 
quitted  the  station.  On  the  13th  of  July,  the  Blanche 
arrived  at  the  rendezvous,  and  Captain  Lavie  received  infor- 
mation that  a  French  frigate  had  been  seen  off  the  Faro 
Islands,  and  having  proceeded  in  search,  on  the  18th,  at 
10L  30m.  A.M.,  descried  a  large  ship  bearing  north-east. 
This  was  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate  Guerriere, 
Captain  Hubert.     At  3h.  p.m.,  discovering  that  the  Blanche 


172  CAPTURE    OF   PALLAS   AND   CONSORTS.  [1806. 

was  not  one  of  her  companions,  she  bore  up,  and  made  all 
sail.  The  Blanche  gained  rapidly  in  the  pursuit,  and,  at  a 
little  past  midnight,  opened  fire  upon  the  Guerriere,  into 
which  she  poured  two  broadsides  before  her  antagonist 
returned  a  shot.  A  close  action  commenced,  which  con- 
tinued until  lh.  30m.  a.m.  on  the  19th,  when  the  Guerriere, 
having  lost  her  mizen-topmast,  hauled  down  her  colours. 
No  one  was  killed  on  board  the  Blanche,  but  Lieutenant 
Robert  Bastin  and  three  marines  were  wounded,  by  mus- 
ketry. The  Guerriere's  masts  were  badly  wounded,  and  her 
hull  much  shattered ;  her  loss  amounted  to  twenty  men 
killed  and  tliirty  wounded.  The  two  ships  were  nearly 
equal  in  point  of  guns ;  but  the  French  crew  was  very 
sickly,  and  many  men  unable  to  go  to  their  quarters, 
which  accounts  for  the  trifling  loss  sustained  by  the  Blanche. 
The  Guerriere  was  added  to  the  British  navy  as  a  38-gun 
frigate.  Captain  Lavie  received  the  honour  of  knighthood. 
The  above  is  a  medal  action. 

On  the  25th  of  July,  in  the  evening,  as  the  3  2 -gun  frigate 
Greyhound,  Captain  Edward  Elphinstone,  and  18-gun  brig 
Harrier,  Commander  Edward  Thomas  Troubridge,  were 
cruising  in  the  Java  seas,  four  sail  were  seen  passing  through 
the  Straits  of  Salayer,  which  were  chased  until  9h.  p.m., 
when  the  strangers  hove-to.  Observing  that  one  of  the 
strangers  was  a  large  two-decked  ship,  the  Greyhound  and 
Harrier  also  hove-to  during  the  night,  about  two  miles  to 
windward  of  the  squadron ;  and,  as  the  day  broke,  the 
strangers  formed  in  line  of  oattle,  consisting  of  the  Dutch 
36-gun  frigate  Pallas,  Captain  Aalbers ;  Dutch  Company's 
armed  ships  Vittoria  and  Batavia,  and  14-gun  corvette 
William,  and  continued  lying  to  on  the  larboard  tack,  under 
their  topsails.  At  5h.  A.M.,  the  Greyhound  bore  up,  under 
French  colours,  steering  for  the  Pallas,  and  being,  at  5h.  30m., 
within  hail,  the  Greyhound  shifted  her  colours,  and  opened 
her  fire  from  to  windward  upon  the  Dutch  frigate,  which 
the  latter  quickly  returned.  The  Harrier,  having  closely 
followed  the  Greyhound,  passed  between  the  Pallas  and 
Vittoria,  and,  wearing  round  on  the  starboard  tack,  became 
engaged  with  the  two  merchant  ships.  The  Greyhound,  in 
the  mean  time,  having  shot  ahead,  wore  close  round  the  bows 
of  the  Pallas,  pouring  in  a  raking  broadside,  and,  keeping  up 


1806.]  CAPTUKE  OF  THE  RHIN.  173 

a  vigorous  and  destructive  fire,  compelled  her,  at  about 
6h.  15m.,  to  haul  down  her  colours.  The  Vittoria  and 
Batavia,  after  sustaining  the  fire  of  the  Harrier,  surrendered, 
the  former  at  6h.  30m.,  and  the  latter  at  6h.  40m.,  and,  as 
well  as  the  Pallas,  were  taken  possession  of  by  the  British 
ships.  The  William,  seeing  the  fate  of  her  companions, 
made  sail,  and  effected  her  escape.  The  Greyhound,  out  of 
a  crew  of  212  men,  had  one  killed  and  eight  wounded ;  and 
the  Harrier  only  three  men  wounded.  The  Dutch  frigate 
mounted  forty  guns,  and,  out  of  her  complement  of  250  men, 
had  eight  killed,  her  captain  (mortally)  and  thirty-two 
wounded.  The  Vittoria  had  two  killed  and  six  wounded, 
and  the  Batavia  two  killed. 

In  the  month  of  February,  four  French  frigates — the 
Hortense,  Bhin,  Hermione,  and  Themis,  together  with 
the  corvette  Furet  (captured,  on  the  27th,  by  the  38-gun 
frigate  Hydra,  Captain  George  Mundy) — sailed  from  Cadiz 
on  a  cruise.  On  the  27th  of  July,  on  their  return  to  France, 
being  in  lat.  47°  north,  long.  7°  west,  the  squadron  was 
discovered,  at  6h.  A.M.,  by  the  74-gun  ship  Mars,  Captain 
Bobert  D.  Oliver,  the  look-out  ship  of  a  British  squadron  of 
five  sail  of  the  line,  under  Commodore  Richard  G.  Keats,  in 
the  Superb.  The  Mars,  after  making  known  by  signal  to 
the  commodore  the  object  of  her  pursuit,  crowded  sail  in 
chase,  and  soon  after  dark  lost  sight  of  both  squadrons,  with 
the  exception  of  the  64-gun  ship  Africa,  which,  until 
llh.  p.m.,  was  seen  on  her  lee-quarter.  Captain  Oliver, 
rightly  imagining  the  enemy  would  alter  the  course  in  the 
night,  bore  up  a  few  points,  and,  at  daylight  on  the  28th, 
the  four  frigates  were  seen  on  the  weather-bow.  The  stern- 
most  of  the  four,  which  was  the  Bhin,  being  at  some  distance 
from  her  companions,  was  so  rapidly  gained  on  by  the  Mars, 
that  the  French  commodore  hove  about,  and  bore  up  to  her 
support ;  after  which  he  formed  his  ships  in  line  of  battle 
ahead  on  the  larboard  tack ;  but,  at  3h.  p.m.^  again  made  all 
sail,  and  abandoned  the  Bhin  to  her  fate.  The  Mars,  having 
already  run  a  distance  of  150  miles,  continued  in  pursuit, 
and,  at  6h.  p.m.,  in  the  midst  of  a  heavy  squall  of  wind  and 
rain,  was  about  to  open  her  broadside  on  the  frigate's  lee- 
quarter,  when  the  latter  struck  her  colours.  Soon  after  the 
Bhin  was  taken  possession  of,  the  other  three  frigates  were 


174  PHOSPHORUS   AND    FRENCH   PRIVATEER.  [1806. 

seen  standing  to  the  south-east,  and  Captain  Oliver  would 
have  pursued  them,  but  for  the  proximity  of  the  French 
coast,  and  the  dark,  squally  weather.  The  Mars,  on  the  31st, 
rejoined  her  squadron  with  the  prize.  The  Hortense  and 
Hermione  succeeded  in  reaching  Bordeaux,  and  the  Themis 
entered  Rochefort. 

On  the  14th  of  August,  at  daybreak,  the  Isle  of  Wight 
bearing  north,  eight  leagues,  the  4-gun  fire-brig  Phosphorus, 
Lieutenant  William  J.  Hughes,  was  attacked  by  a  French 
12-gun  lugger  privateer,  of  seventy  men,  which,  having  laid 
her  alongside,  attempted  to  carry  her  by  boarding.  Although 
the  officers  and  crew  of  the  brig  numbered  only  twenty-four, 
the  French  crew  were  repulsed  with  much  loss,  and,  after 
engaging  with  spirit  for  forty  minutes,  the  lugger  sheered  off. 
Lieutenant  Hughes,  Thomas  Esther,  acting  master,  and  six 
seamen,  were  wounded.  Lieutenant  Hughes  was  promoted 
in  the  month  of  September  following,  and  a  sword,  value  100 
guineas,  presented  him  by  the  Patriotic  Fund. 

On  the  22nd  of  August,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Alexandria,  Captain  Edward  D.  King,  in  which  were  Lieu- 
tenants Joseph  Lewis  and  Edmund  Nagle,  and  Alfred  Smith, 
master's  mate,  boarded  and  carried  a  Spanish  brig  and  a 
guarda-costa,  moored  under  the  batteries  in  the  harbour  of 
Rio  de  la  Plata,  on  the  Spanish  Main.  As  the  vessels  were 
stripped  of  their  sails  and  secured  to  the  shore,  Lieutenant 
Lewis,  after  sustaining  a  most  severe  fire  for  ten  hours,  and 
consequent  heavy  loss,  ordered  them  to  be  destroyed,  and 
retreated.  Mr.  Smith,  and  five  seamen  and  marines,  were 
killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Nagle,  Samuel  Marshall,  midship- 
man, the  gunner,  and  eight  seamen  and  marines,  wounded. 

On  the  23rd  of  August,  in  the  morning,  the  frigates 
Arethusa  and  Anson,  Captains  Charles  Brisbane  and  Charles 
Lydiard,  cruising  off  the  Havannah,  discovered  to  leeward, 
and  within  two  miles  of  the  Moro  Castle,  the  Spanish  3  4-gun 
frigate  Pomona,  endeavouring  to  enter  the  harbour.  Find- 
ing this,  from  the  strength  of  the  current,  to  be  impracticable, 
the  Pomona  bore  up  and  anchored  two  leagues  to  the  east- 
ward of  the  Moro,  in  three  and  a  half  fathoms  of  water, 
and  within  pistol-shot  of  the  castle,  mounting  eleven  long 
36-pounders.  Ten  gun-boats,  each  mounting  a  long  24- 
pounder,  with  crews  of  sixty  men,  immediately  put  out  from 


1806.]  CAPTURE   OF   THE   POMONA.  175 

the  Havaimah  to  the  frigate's  assistance,  and  formed  ahead 
as  best  suited  for  her  defence.  At  lOh.  the  Anson  and 
Arethusa  dropped  their  anchors ;  the  first  abreast  of  the 
Spanish  gun-boats,  and  the  Arethusa  on  the  starboard  quar- 
ter of  the  Anson,  within  pistol-shot  of  the  Pomona.  After 
a  warm  action,  which  lasted  thirty-five  minutes,  the  Spanish 
frigate  struck  her  colours,  and  was  taken  possession  of;  and 
the  gun-boats  were  all  previously,  sunk  or  driven  on  shore 
by  the  Anson's  fire.  The  castle  continued  to  fire  upon  the 
British  ships,  until  an  explosion  in  some  part  of  the  battery 
having  taken  place,  the  action  ceased.  The  Anson  had  not 
a  man  hurt,  but  the  Arethusa  had  two  seamen  killed  ;  and 
Captain  Brisbane,  Lieutenant  Henry  Higman,  Lieutenant  of 
marines  John  Fennell,  and  twenty-nine  seamen  and  marines, 
wounded.  The  Pomona,  out  of  347  men,  had  her  captain 
and  twenty  men  killed,  and  thirty  men  wounded.  The  prize  was 
added  to  the  British  navy,  under  the  name  of  Cuba.  Although 
the  bulk  of  her  cargo  had  been  landed,  enough  remained  to 
render  the  Pomona  a  valuable  prize.  Lieutenants  John 
Parish,  of  the  Arethusa,  and  Thomas  Ball  Sulivan,  of  the 
Anson,  were  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander,  the  former 
in  November,  and  the  latter  in  February,  1807,  by  which 
time  he  had  acquired  still  stronger  claims  to  preferment. 
Swords,  each  valued  at  100  guineas,  were  voted  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund  to  Captains  Brisbane  and  Lydiard  ;  and  the 
naval  medal  has  been  granted  to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  29th  of  August,  the  20-gun  ship  Bacchante,  Cap- 
tain James  R.  Dacres,  cruising  off  the  Spanish  Main,  sent 
her  boats  under  Lieutenant  George  Norton,  with  the  gunner, 
John  Howard,  Master's  Mates  Henry  Overend  and  Richard 
Birch,  Lieutenant  of  marines  John  M.  Pilcher,  W.  Leriche, 
purser,  and  Robert  Burnett,  carpenter,  to  attempt  the  de- 
struction of  some  vessels  in  the  harbour  of  Santa  Martha. 
On  the  30th,  at  lh.  A.M.,  the  boats  dashed  at  the  vessels, 
exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  batteries  and  some  field- 
pieces  on  the  beach  ;  notwithstanding  which,  one  armed  brig- 
and two  armed  feluccas  were  brought  out  without  any  loss 
to  the  British. 

Batabano  and  Trinidad,  two  ports  of  Cuba,  having  become 
the  resort  of  numerous  privateers,  Vice-Admiral  Dacres, 
the  commander-in-chief  at  Jamaica,  despatched  Commander 


176      BOATS    OF   STORK   AND    SQUADRON   AT   BATABANO.    [1806. 

George  Le  Geyt,  in  the  18-gun  ship-sloop  Stork,  having 
under  his  orders  the  14-gun  schooner  Superieure,  Commander 
Edward  Rushworth,  12-gun  schooner  Flying  Fish,  and  the 
4-gun  schooner  Pike,  Lieutenants  James  G.  Gooding  and 
John  Ottley,  with  orders  to  attempt  the  destruction  of  the 
marauders.  On  the  25th  of  August,  this  squadron  sailed 
from  Port  Royal,  and  on  the  30th  arrived  off  the  Isle  of 
Pines,  in  which  place  a  schooner  was  discovered  at  anchor. 
This  vessel,  which  was  a  Spanish  guarda-costa,  of  ten  guns, 
was  chased  and  captured  by  the  Pike. 

As  it  was  found  impracticable,  from  the  shallowness  of  the 
water,  for  the  Stork  to  proceed  up  the  bight  towards  Bata- 
'bano,  then  thirty  leagues  distant,  Captain  Rushworth  was 
instructed  to  lighten  the  three  schooners  as  much  as  possible, 
and  proceed  with  them  in  the  execution  of  the  projected 
service.  From  the  intricacy  of  the  navigation,  these  vessels 
did  not  reach  within  twenty-two  miles  of  Batabano  till  the 
2nd  of  September,  when  they  anchored  for  the  night  off 
Point  Gonda.  At  midnight  they  again  weighed,  in  the 
hope  of  getting  into  the  harbour  before  dawn,  but  it  was 
broad  daylight  before  this  could  be  effected.  Captain  Rush- 
worth,  taking  with  him  eighteen  men  lent  from  the  Stork, 
thirty-five  from  the  Superieure,  and  ten  from  the  Flying 
Fish,  then  landed  two  miles  to  windward  of  the  battery  at 
Batabano,  and  leaving  the  men  belonging  to  the  Flying  Fish 
in  charge  of  the  boats,  proceeded  with  the  remaining  fifty- 
three  men  to  attack  the  battery  ;  but  they  were  so  impeded 
in  their  progress  by  the  marshy  and  irregular  ground,  that  a 
party  of  Spanish  troops,  lying  in  ambush,  made  an  attack 
upon  them.  The  Spaniards  were,  however,  speedily  routed 
by  the  advanced  division  of  the  British  sailors,  leaving  two 
of  their  number  dead  and  one  wounded.  The  alarm  had  by 
this  time  spread  in  all  directions,  and  the  militia  and  men 
from  the  privateers  had  joined  the  regulars,  when,  finding 
his  retreat  thus  cut  off,  Captain  Rushworth  pushed  forward, 
and  stormed  and  gained  the  fort.  The  battery  mounted  six 
long  18-pounders;  and,  having  spiked  these,  the  British 
party  proceeded  to  take  possession  of  the  vessels  in  the 
harbour.  These  consisted  of  one  felucca,  pierced  for  fourteen 
guns,  but  having  only  one  long  18-pounder  mounted;  a 
12-gun  schooner,  and  one  French  and  three  Spanish  priva- 


1806.]         CAPTURE   OF   FRENCH    FRIGATE   SQUADRON.  177 

teers  ;  besides  six  with  cargoes.  Having  taken  entire 
possession  of  these,  the  whole  party  quitted  the  port,  having 
only  one  man  badly  wounded.  Captain  Rushworth  was 
assisted  in  his  gallant  undertaking  by  Lieutenants  John 
Russell  and  James  Murray,  and  Sub-Lieutenants  George 
C.  Blake  and  James  Brasier. 

On  the  14th  of  September,  as  the  French  74-gun  ship 
Impetueux  (one  of  the  squadron  of  Rear- Admiral  Willauniez, 
which  had  been  dispersed  in  the  preceding  August  by  a 
hurricane)  was  endeavouring,  under  jury-masts,  to  enter 
the  Chesapeake  river,  on  the  coast  of  North  America,  she 
was  discovered  by  the  74-gun  ship  Belleisle,  Captain  Wil- 
liam Hargood,  who,  with  the  74-gun  ship  Bellona,  Captain 
John  Erskine  Douglas,  and  frigate  Melampus,  Captain 
Stephen  Poyntz,  was  cruising  off  Cape  Henry.  Finding 
escape  impossible,  the  French  ship  ran  on  shore,  where  she 
was  destroyed  by  the  Melampus,  her  crew  having  first  been 
removed. 

In  the  month  of  September,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
following  ships,  was  cruising  before  Rochefort : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

74     Centaur Commodore  Sir  Samuel  Hood 

98     Windsor  Castle     . .  Captain  Charles  Boyles 

(  Achille „         Richard  King 

-.  \  Monarch    „         Richard  Lee 

1  Revenge    „         Sir  John  Gore 

(  Mars ,,         William  Lukin 

16     Atalante    .  . „         Joseph  Ore  Masefield 

On  the  25th,  at  lh.  a.m.,  as  this  squadron,  upon  the 
larboard  tack,  with  the  wind,  at  north,  was  stretching  in 
for  Chasseron  lighthouse,  then  distant  about  seven  leagues, 
seven  sail  were  observed  to  leeward,  and,  on  discovering 
that  the  strangers  were  frigates,  the  signal  was  made  for  a 
general  chase.  The  ships  in  view  were  a  French  squadron, 
under  Commodore  Soliel,  from  Rochefort,  bound  to  the 
West  Indies,  consisting  of  the  40-gun  frigates  Gloire,  In- 
fatigable,  Miner ve,  and  Armide,  and  3G-gun  frigate  Themis, 
with  the  brigs  Lynx  and  Sylphe. 

These  ships,  finding  they  were  pursued,  bore  up  under  all 
sail,  steering  scuth-west.  The  Monarch,  being  the  nearest 
ship  to  the  enemy,  at  4h.  a.m.,  was  nearly  within  gun-shot 

VOL.  II.  N 


178  CAPTURE    OF    FRENCH    FRIGATE    SQUADRON.         [1806. 

of  the  sternmost  French  frigate,  which  was  the  Armide  ; 
and  at  this  time  the  Centaur  was  eight  miles  astern  of  her. 
At  5h.,  the  Monarch  commenced  firing  her  bow-chasers, 
which  the  Armide  returned  with  her  stern-chasers.  At  6hJ 
the  Infatigable,  being  to  windward  of  her  companions,  hauled 
up  to  the  north-east,  and  was  pursued  by  the  Mars ;  while 
the  Themis  and  two  brigs  bore  away  to  the  southward,  and, 
there  being  no  ship  at  hand  to  intercept  them,  effected  their 
escape.  The  Gloire,  Armide,  and  Minerve  kept  in  close 
order  for  mutual  support,  and  at  about  lOh.  a.m.  the  Monarch 
opened  her  starboard  guns  upon  the  two  rearmost,  between 
which  ships  a  warm  engagement  ensued.  In  consequence, 
however,  of  the  heavy  swell  which  prevailed,  the  Monarch 
was  prevented  opening  her  lower-deck  ports,  and,  after 
twenty  minutes'  close  action,  had  suffered  so  severely  in  her 
rigging  and  sails  as  to  be  managed  with  difficulty.  At  llh., 
the  Centaur  arriving  up,  discharged  her  larboard  guns  at  the 
Gloire  and  Armide,  and  the  latter  struck  to  the  Centaur  at 
llh.  45m.  At  about  noon  the  Minerve,  which  ship,  since 
the  Centaur's  arrival,  the  Monarch  had  engaged,  struck  her 
colours;  and  by  this  time  the  Mars  had  overtaken  and 
captured  the  Infatigable.  The  Gloire  seeing  the  fate  of  her 
companions,  as  a  last  resource  hauled  up  and  made  sail  to 
the  westward,  pursued  by  the  Centatu\  At  2h.  30m.  p.m., 
the  Mars  having  joined  in  the  chase,  opened  her  fire  on  the 
Gloire,  which  ship  at  3h.  surrendered  after  a  very  creditable 
defence.  This  determined  resistance  on  the  part  of  the 
enemy  occasioned  considerable  damage  to  the  Monarch  and 
Centaur.  The  Centaur  had  a  great  part  of  her  lower  rigging 
shot  away,  and  her  masts  and  yards  wounded  in  several 
places  ;  her  loss  amounted  to  three  men  killed,  her  captain 
and  three  seamen  wounded.  While  Sir  Samuel  Hood  was 
standing  with  his  right  hand  on  the  railing  of  the  quarter- 
deck, a  musket-ball  struck  him  between  the  wrist  and  elbow, 
and  passing  through  that  part  of  the  arm,  again  entered 
below  the  shoulder,  where  it  lodged.  The  arm  was  so 
shattered,  as  to  render  amputation  necessary.  The  Monarch 
had  her  main-topgallant-mast  shot  away,  her  masts  and 
yards  wounded,  her  sails  a  good  deal  cut,  and  her  hull  shot 
in  several  places.  William  Buddin,  midshipman,  and  three 
seamen,  were  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  John  Anderson,  her 


1806.]  CAPTURE   OF    PRESIDENTS  179 

boatswain  Peter  Duffy,  John  Geary,  midshipman,  fifteen 
seamen,  and  seven  marines,  wounded.  The  Mars  was  hulled 
in  several  places,  but  her  principal  damages  were  in  her  sails 
and  rigging. 

The  Gloire  measured  1,153  tons,  Minerve  1,101,  Armide 
1,109,  and  Infatigable  1,157  tons.  All  four  ships  were  added 
to  the  British  navy ;  the  Minerve,  under  the  name  of 
Alceste,  and  the  Infatigable  under  that  of  ImmortaUte ; 
but  the  Gloire  and  Armide  retained  their  French  names. 

On  the  27th  of  September,  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Presidente,  returning  to  France  from  the  coast  of  America, 
having  separated  from  the  74-gun  ship  Regulus,  fell  in  with 
a  British  squadron,  in  lat.  47°  17'  north,  long.  6°  52'  west, 
under  Rear- Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Louis,  in  the  Canopus,  by 
which  she  was  immediately  chased.  At  6h.  45m.,  the  18-gun 
brig  Dispatch,  Commander  Edward  Hawkins,  arrived  up 
with,  and  commenced  firing  her  bow-guns  at  the  frigate, 
receiving  in  return  the  fire  from  the  Presidente's  stern- 
chasers,  and  a  running  fight  was  gallantly  maintained  by  the 
Dispatch  until  7h.  15m.  p.m.  ;  but  being  much  damaged, 
she  bore  up  and  stood  towards  the  British  squadron,  then 
about  three  miles  distant.  The  Presidente  being  overtaken 
by  the^  Canopus,  surrendered  without  resistance.  The  Dis- 
patch in  her  spirited  encounter  did  not  meet  with  any  loss. 
The  Presidente  measured  1,148  tons,  and,  being  an  improved 
model,  became  a  valuable  acquisition  to  the  British  navy,  to 
which  she  was  added  under  the  same  name. 

On  the  2nd  of  October,  while  the  32-gun  frigate  Minerva, 
Captain  George  R.  Collier,  was  anchored  off  Oro  Island, 
near  Porto  Novo,  on  the  coast  of  Spain,  the  cutter  and  barge 
of  the  frigate,  commanded  by  Captain  Collier  in  person,  who 
was  in  the  cutter,  attended  by  Lieutenant  Charles  Menzies, 
of  the  marines,  and  Lieutenant  P.  P.  James,  and  William 
Holt,  midshipman,  in  the  barge,  proceeded  in  search  of  some 
Spanish  gun-boats,  supposed  to  be  lying  at  Carril.  After 
rowing  seven  hours,  the  cutter  was  hailed  by  a  large  gun- 
boat, accompanied  by  a  smaller  one,  mounting  a  4-pounder 
brass  gun,  both  of  which  were  instantly  boarded,  and  carried 
without  the  loss  of  a  man. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  three  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Gralatea,  Captain  George  Sayer,  under  the  orders  of  Lieu- 

n2 


180  CAROLINE   AND    DUTCH    SQUADRON.  [1806. 

tenant  Richard  Gittings,  with  John  Green,  master's  mate, 
and  James  Scanlan,  boatswain,  were  sent  to  cut  out  some* 
vessels  at  anchor  in  Barcelona.  As  the  boats  approached, 
a  heavy  fire  was  opened  on  them  from  the  batteries,  andl 
also  of  musketry  from  the  beach,  to  which  the  vessels  were 
moored  head  and  stern ;  three  schooners  were,  however, 
boarded,  and  brought  out  without  any  loss. 

On  the  12th  of  October,  the  French  26-gun  flute  Sala- 
mandre,  laden  with  timber  and  stores  for  Brest,  was  at- 
tacked, driven  on  shore,  and  burnt  in  Erqui  Bay,  under 
some  heavy  batteries,  by  a  small  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
2  2 -gun  ship  Constance,  Captain    Alexander  S.  Burrowes 
gun-brigs  Strenuous  and  Sheldrake,  Lieutenants  John  Nu- 
gent and  John  Thicknesse,  and  hired  armed  cutter  Britannia 
Captain  Burrowes  was  unfortunately  killed  by  a  grape-shot 
and  the  cable  of  the  Constance  having  been  cut  by  the  fire 
from  a  battery,  that  ship  took  the  ground,  and  her  crew 
were   under   the    necessity   of    quitting    her,   leaving    the 
wounded    to    the    mercy    of    their    enemies.      Their    loss* 
amounted  to  eight  men  killed,   besides  their  captain,  and 
Lieutenant  George   Spencer  Richards,   Daniel   McCrawley 
boatswain,  and  fourteen  seamen  and  marines  of  the  Con- 
stance, wounded.     The  loss  of  the  Sheldrake  amounted  tc 
one  man  killed  and  two  wounded  ;  and  of  the  Strenuous,  tc 
Robert   Bond,  midshipman,  and  four  men,  wounded.     The 
officers   named   in  the   official  letter  were  noticed   by  the 
Patriotic  Fund  Committee,  and  swords  voted  accordingly. 

On  the  18th  of  October,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
Caroline,  Captain  Peter  Rainier,  having  taken  possession  oJ 
the  Dutch  14-gun  brig  Zeerop,  Captain  Groat,  obtained 
intelligence  concerning  the  Dutch  12-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
Maria  Riggersbergen,  Captain  Jager,  which,  with  the  14-gun 
corvette  William,  brig  Zee  Ploeg,  and  Dutch  Company's 
18-gun  ship  Patriot,  was  lying  at  anchor  in  Batavia  Roads. 
The  Caroline,  being  prepared  with  springs  on  her  cables, 
stood  into  the  roads,  and  anchored  within  pistol-shot  of  the 
frigate,  and  after  thirty  minutes'  action  compelled  her  to 
surrender.  The  British  frigate  was  occasionally  engaged  by 
the  other  three  vessels,1  and  the  action  was  fought  in  sight 

1  These,  together  with  the  36-gun  frigate  Phoenix,  and  brig  Aven- 


1806.]  PITT   AND    SUPERBE.  181 

of  thirty  heavy  giin-boats.  This  achievement  was  very  gal- 
lantly executed,  and  with  comparatively  slight  loss  ;  which 
amounted  to  three  men  killed,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Za- 
chary  Williams  (mortally),  and  seventeen  men,  wounded.  The 
Caroline  sustained  very  little  damage  in  her  masts,  rigging, 
and  hull.  The  Maria  Kiggersbergen  had  fifty  killed  and. 
wounded.  The  prize  was  purchased  into  the  British  navy, 
and  named  the  Java,1  The  Committee  of  the  Patriotic 
Fund  presented  Captain  Rainier-  with  a  sword  of  100 
guineas'  value. 

On  the  23rd  of  October,  in  the  evening,  while  the  12-gun 
schooner  Pitt  (ten  18-pounder  carronades  and  two  long 
6-pounders),  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Michael  Fitton,  was 
lying  at  anchor  in  the  mole  of  Cape  St.  Nicolas,  St.  Do- 
mingo, two  sail  were  seen  from  her  masthead,  over  the 
narrow  neck  of  land,  the  one  apparently  in  chase  of  the 
other.  The  Pitt  was  immediately  underway,  and,  it  being 
a  dead  calm,  sweeping  out  of  the  mole.  At  daybreak  on 
the  24th,  three  schooners  were  discovered,  the  largest  of 
which  was  a  privateer  of  great  force,  and  for  this  vessel  the 
Pitt  steered.  The  privateer  hove  to,  and  at  7h.  a.m.  com- 
menced firing  on  the  Pitt ;  but  after  half  an  hour's  can- 
nonading, bore  up  to  the  westward  after  the  other  schooners, 
which  were  her  prizes.  The  privateer  was  one  well  known 
to  Lieutenant  Fitton,  and  which  had  been  long  the  scourge 
of  the  West-India  trade,  being  the  14-gun  schooner  Superbe 
(of-  twelve  long  6  and  two  8-pounders),  commanded  by 
Dominique  Diron.  The  Pitt  made  every  effort  to  close  the 
Superbe,  and  the  chase  continued  throughout  the  day  and 
night,  every  man  and  officer  labouring,  during  the  frequent 


turier,  and  a  second  armed  ship,  were  taken  or  destroyed  by  a  squadi*on 
of  four  sail  of  the  line,  under  Rear- Admiral  Sir  Edward  Pellew,  on  the 
27th  of  November. 

1  This  ship,  commanded  by  Captain  George  Pigot,  was  unhappily  lost 
with  all  hands  in  1807,  in  company  with  the  74-gun  ship  Blenheim, 
"Vice-Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Troubridge  :  both  are  supposed  to  have 
foundered  off  the  island  of  Roderigue  in  the  East  Indies. 

2  Owing  to  this  action  not  having  been  properly  reported  to  or 
recorded  at  the  Admiralty,  Captain  Rainier  lost  the  honour  of  being 
included  among  the  knight  commanders  of  the  Bath  in  1816,  and  pro- 
bably for  the  same  reason  the  naval  medal  has  not  been  granted  to  the 
gallant  men  engaged  in  this  service. 


182  PITT  AND  SUPERBE.  [1806. 

calms  and  light  airs,  at  the  sweeps,  and  using  every  effort  to 
bring  the  enemy  to  action. 

On  the  morning  of  the  25th  the  breeze  freshened,  and 
during  the  day,  the  Superbe  having  succeeded  in  seeing  her 
prizes  into  Baracoa,  again  hove  to,  as  if  with  the  intention 
of  engaging  the  Pitt.  At  4h.  p.m.,  the  Pitt,  having  obtained 
a  situation  between  the  Superbe  and  Baracoa,  in  which 
harbour  were  several  other  privateers,  recommenced  the 
action,  at  tolerably  close  quarters ;  but,  after  half  an  hour's 
hring,  the  Superbe  made  sail  towards  Cape  Maysi.  A  third 
night's  laborious  chase  ensued,  all  hands  constantly  at  the 
oars,  except  those  employed  knotting  the  rigging  and 
righting  the  carronades,  which,  having  been  badly  fitted, 
had  upset. 

On  the  morning  of  the  26th  the  Superbe,  followed  closely 
by  the  Pitt,  rounded  Cape  Maysi ;  but  desirous  of  getting 
into  Occoa  Bay,  where  Captain  Diron  knew  there  was  a 
detachment  of  Spanish  troops,  the  Superbe  was  obliged  to 
haul  up  across  the  bows  of  the  Pitt,  in  doing  which  she 
fired  her  starboard  broadside,  and  immediately  afterwards 
ran  ashore  amongst  the  rocks  with  her  colours  flying.  The 
crew  of  the  privateer  then  took  to  their  boats,  and  quitted 
the  vessel;  which  being  observed,  Lieutenant  Fitton  sent 
his  boats  manned  and  armed,  and  took  possession  of  the 
Superbe.  The  end  of  a  hawser  was  conveyed  on  board  the 
prize,  and  the  14-gun  brig  Drake,  Commander  Robert 
Nicholas,  having  during  the  morning  joined  company,  she 
was,  after  much  exertion,  hove  off.  Out  of  a  complement  of 
fifty-four  men  and  boys,  the  Pitt  had  two  men  badly,  and 
six  slightly  wounded.  The  Superbe's  exact  loss  was  not 
known,  but  four  of  her  crew  (originally  ninety-four)  were 
found  dead  in  her  hold,  and  three  mortally  wounded.  The 
remainder,  including  the  captain,  escaped  to  the  shore  ; 
their  total  loss  was  understood  to  have  been  fourteen,  with 
a  proportionate  number  of  wounded,  most  of  whom  were 
conveyed  on  shore.  Thus,  after  a  tedious,  but  skilfully-con- 
ducted chase  of  sixty-seven  hours'  duration,  was  captured 
one  of  the  most  formidable  French  privateers  infesting  the 
"West  Indies.  Her  captain  was  a  most  experienced0  and 
daring  freebooter,  for  few  nations  were  respected  by  him  ; 
and  for  capture  and  pillage  he  could  always  find  a  sufficient 


1806.]  UNREQUITED    SERVICES.  183 

excuse.  The  amount  of  his  depredations  may  be  imagined, 
when  it  is  stated  that  among  the  papers  found  on  board  the 
Superbe,  was  a  list  of  captures,  English,  Spanish,  and 
American,  made  by  Dominique,  to  the  value  of  £147,000 
sterling. 

Lieutenant  Fitton,  whose  health  was  at  the  time  much 
impaired  by  his  unwearying  exertions  on  the  station,  in 
endeavouring  to  put  down  French  privateers  (not  one-tenth 
part  of  which  have  ever  been  recorded),  was  on  this  occa- 
sion so  worn  out  by  the  long  and  anxious  chase,  that  he  was 
wholly  unable  to  write  the  official  letter  relative  to  the 
capture.  The  task  was  therefore  performed  by  Captain 
Nicholas,  and  Rear- Admiral  Dacres,  in  forwarding  the  letter 
to  the  Admiralty,  made  the  following  strong,  but  well- 
merited  comment  upon  the  action  :  "  The  zeal  and  perse- 
verance manifested  on  this  occasion,  during  so  long  a  chase 
(being  upwards  of  fifty  hours  at  their  sweeps,  with  only 
two-thirds  the  number  of  men  the  privateer  had),  the  very 
gallant  conduct  of,  and  superior  professional  abilities  dis- 
played by  Mr.  Fitton,  will,  I  trust,  recommend  him  to  the 
protection  of  their  lordships." 1 

On  the  night  of  the  21st  of  October,  four  boats  of  the 

1  M.  Dominique  afterwards  equipped  a  brig,  which  he  named  La 
Revanche  de  la  Superbe,  and  actually  sent,  by  a  Spanish  licensed  trader, 
an  invitation  to  Lieutenant  Fitton  to  meet  him  at  an  appointed  place  ; 
but  the  latter  had  been  superseded  in  the  command  of  the  Pitt  by  the 
eleve  of  an  admiral,  not  to  be  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander,  but 
to  be  turned  adrift  as  an  unemployed  lieutenant.* — James. 


*  A  specific  sum  of  money  was  allotted  by  the  Admiralty  for  the 
purpose  of  purchasing  a  fast-sailing  cruiser,  the  command  of  which  vessel 
was  to  be  intrusted  to  Lieutenant  Fitton,  and  he  was  permitted  to  choose 
from  amongst  the  different  vessels  on  sale.  The  Pitt,  a  beautiful  vessel, 
was  the  schooner  selected  ;  but  the  sum  demanded  for  her  exceeded  that 
named  by  the  Admiralty,  and  an  inferior  vessel  must  have  heen  pur- 
chased, had  not  Lieutenant  Fitton  nobly  made  up  the  difference,  £437, 
from  his  own  hard  earnings  !  The  schooner  was  equipped,  and  the  name 
of  her  commander  was  sufficient  to  draw  the  choicest  seamen  the  station 
coidd  boast.  This  accomplished,  the  Superbe,  as  we  have  seen,  was 
destroyed  by  her ;  when  all  the  proud  hopes  of  the  gallant  lieutenant 
were  blasted  by  the  cruel  wrong  put  upon  him.  This  sum  of  money  was 
never  reimbursed  him,  and  he  is  still  (1851)  a  lieutenant !  A  sword  value 
50  guineas  was  presented  to  this  officer  by  the  committee  of  the  Patriotic 
Fund,  in  compliment  to  his  exertions  on  this  occasion. 


184  BOAT   ACTIONS.  [1806. 

36-gun  frigate  Renoinniee,  Captain  Sir  Thomas  Livingstone, 
under  the  direction  of  Lieutenant  Sir  William  Parker, 
entered  the  port  of  Colon,  in  the  island  of  Majorca,  exposed 
to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  tower  of  Falconara,  and  gallantly 
boarded  and  carried  a  Spanish  tartan  and  two  settees.  The 
tartan,  which  mounted  four  guns,  having  got  on  shore,  was 
set  tire  to  and  destroyed  ;  but  the  settees,  one  of  which 
mounted  three  guns,  were  brought  out.  In  executing  this 
service  only  one  British  seaman  was  wounded. 

On  the  1st  of  November,  three  boats  of  the  36-gun 
frigate  Pique,  Captain  Charles  B.  H.  Ross,  under  the  orders 
of  Lieutenant  Christopher  Bell,  with  Lieutenant  of  marines 
Edward  Bayley,  cut  out  of  Cabaret  Bay,  Porto  Pico,  a 
Spanish  brig,  pierced  for  twelve  guns  ;  previously  to  which 
they  destroyed  a  3-gun  batteiy,  and  spiked  the  ordnance 
belonsrinor  to  it.  This  was  effected  without  the  loss  of  a 
man. 

On  the  following  day,  Lieutenant  Philip  H.  Baker,  in  the 
Pique's  launch,  drove  on  shore,  upon  the  reef  of  Cape  Poxo, 
a  French  felucca-rigged  privateer,  which  mounted  two  car- 
riage-guns and  four  swivels,  with  a  crew  of  twenty-six  men. 
The  felucca  was  completely  wrecked. 

On  the  20th  of  November,  the  32-gun  frigate  Success, 
Captain  John  Ayscough,  standing  in  for  the  land  to  the  east- 
ward of  Cumberland  Harbour,  island  of  Cuba,  observed  a 
small  felucca  running  under  Hidden  Point.  Two  boats  were 
immediately  despatched  in  pursuit,  under  command  of  Lieu- 
tenant William  Duke,  with  Lieutenants  Charles  Spence  and 
Dowell  O'Reilly  (acting),  and  William  P.  Hughes,  master's 
mate.  The  crew  of  the  felucca,  numbering  about  fifty  men, 
landed  on  the  approach  of  the  boats,  and  securing  their 
vessel  to  the  trees,  posted  themselves  on  a  hill.  Here  the 
British  attacked  them  ;  but  the  first  volley  from  this  emi- 
nence killed  Lieutenant  Duke,  and,  after  a  vain  attempt  to 
dislodge  them,  Lieutenant  Spence  retreated,  after  taking 
possession  of  the  felucca,  Lieutenant  O'Reilly  and  seven 
seamen  were  wounded. 

On  the  20th  of  November,  the  barge  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Orpheus,  Captain  Thomas  Briggs,  in  the  Bay  of  Campeachy, 
under  the  direction  of  Lieutenant  George  Ballard  Vine, 
gallantly  boarded  and  carried,  without  any  loss,  the  Spanish 


1806.]  HALCYON   WITH   NEPTUNO    AND    CONSORTS.  185 

schooner  Dolores,  mounting  one  long  9  and  two  4-pounder 
guns  and  four  swivels,  with  a  crew  of  thirty-four  men. 

On  the  13th  of  December,  at  8h.  a.m.,  the  16-gun  brig 
Halcyon,  Commander  Henry  Whitmarsh  Pearce,  being  off 
Cape  San  Martin,  on  the  coast  of  Spain,  observed  three  sail 
standing  towards  her  from  the  land,  which  were  soon  dis- 
covered to  be  a  brig,  a  ship,  and  a  xebeck  ;  and,  at  the  same 
time,  five  settees  Avere  seen  from  the  masthead,  steering 
towards  them.  At  lOh.  30m.  a.m.,  the  three  strangers  having- 
arrived  within  musket-shot  of  the  Halcyon,  hoisted  Spanish 
colours,  and  commenced  the  action.  The  Halcyon  being 
abreast  the  brig,  tacked,  and  in  a  short  time  was  in  close- 
action  with  her  three  opponents,  which  she  continued  to 
engage  until  about  noon,  when,  it  falling  nearly  calm,  the 
brig  and  xebeck,  by  means  of  their  sweeps,  made  off  to  the 
southward.  The  ship  endeavoured  to  escape  to  the  northward, 
but  the  Halcyon,  being  nearer  this  antagonist,  swept  after 
her,  and  in  an  hour,  having  got  alongside,  compelled  her  to 
surrender.  The  prize  was  the  Spanish  corvette  Neptuno, 
mounting  fourteen  long  12 -pounders,  and  manned  with  a 
crew  of  seventy-two  men.  The  brig  was  the  Yirgine  de- 
Solidad,  of  fourteen  guns  and  seventy-eight  men ;  and  the 
xebeck  the  Vives,  of  twelve  guns  and  sixty-eight  men.  At 
the  time  the  Neptuno  surrendered,  the  settees  were  about 
four  miles  distant ;  but  seeing  the  fate  of  the  corvette,  they 
returned  towards  the  shore.  The  Halcyon,  in  her  highly 
gallant  action,  suffered  considerably  in  her  masts  and  rigging, 
but  had  no  one  killed  or  wounded.  A  sword,  value  100 
guineas,  was  presented  to  Captain  Pearse  by  the  Patriotic 
Fund. 


186  STORMING   OF   CURACOA.  [1807. 


1807. 

The  38-gun  frigates  Arethusa  and  Latona,  Captains  Charles 
Brisbane  and  James  Athol  Wood,  and  44-gun  frigate  Anson, 
Captain  Charles  Lydiard,  sailed  from  Port  Royal,  Jamaica, 
on  the  29th  of  November,  1806,  with  orders  from  Vice- 
Admiral  Dacres  to  reconnoitre  the  island  of  Curacoa.  On 
the  22nd  of  December,  the  squadron  reached  the  west  end 
of  Aruba  Island,  a  dependency  upon  Curacoa,  and  the  three 
frigates  having  anchored  here,  and  having  been  joined  by  the 
38-gun  frigate  Fisgard,  Captain  William  Bolton,  Captain 
Brisbane  resolved  to  attack  the  island,  and  made  arrange- 
ments accordingly.  Different  duties  were  apportioned  to 
each  captain,  officer,  and  man  ;  and,  the  better  to  prevent 
confusion,  the  men  of  each  ship's  company  were  ordered  to 
wear  some  known  mark  of  distinction,  so  conspicuous  as  to 
be  easily  recognized.  On  the  28th,  the  four  frigates  weighed, 
Captain  Brisbane  having  determined  to  make  the  attack  on 
New  Year's  Day,  the  eve  of  which  it  is  customary  for  the 
Dutch  to  pass  in  conviviality. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  at  lh.  a.m.,  the  squadron  arrived 
off  the  port,  and  having  hoisted  out  the  boats,  bore  up,  the 
Arethusa  leading,  followed  in  close  order  by  the  Latona, 
Anson,  and  Fisgard.  The  entrance  to  the  harbour  of  Curacoa 
is  about  fifty  fathoms  wide,  defended  by  strong  fortifications, 
of  which  Fort  Amsterdam,  on  the  right  hand,  mounted  sixty 
pieces  of  cannon  in  two  tiers.  Athwart  the  harbour,  which, 
nowhere  exceeds  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  width,  were  the 
Dutch  36-gun  frigate  Halstaar,  Captain  Cornelius  J.  Evertz  ; 
20-gun  corvette  Surinam,  Captain  Van-Nes  ;  and  two  armed 
schooners.  A  chain  of  forts  on  Misselburg  Height,  and  Fort 
Bepublique,  situated  on  a  high  hill,  within  half  gun-shot, 
commanded  the  whole  harbour. 

At  daylight,  the  Arethusa,  with  a  flag  of  truce  at  the  fore, 
entered  the  port :  but  the  Dutch  forts  and  shipping  taking 
no  notice  of  the  flag,  opened  a  smart  but  ineffective  fire. 


1807.]  STORMING   OF    CURACOA.  187 

The  wind  veering  to  the  northward,  checked  the  further 
progress  of  the  Arethusa ;  but  in  a  few  minutes  it  again 
shifted  to  the  north-east,  enabling  the  three  leading  frigates 
to  sail  up  the  harbour,  and  which,  after  some  little  delay, 
anchored  close  to  the  forts  and  shipping  :  but  the  Fisgard 
unfortunately  took  the  ground  on  the  west  side,  and  re- 
mained fast.  Captain  Brisbane,  the  jib-boom  of  whose  ship 
was  over  the  wall  of  the  town,  then  wrote  the  following 
summons  on  the  capstan-head,  which  he  despatched  to  the 
governor  : — "  The  British  squadron  are  here  to  protect,  not 
to  conquer  you  ;  to  preserve  to  you  your  lives,  liberty,  and 
property.  If  a  shot  is  fired  at  any  one  ship  of  my  squadron, 
after  this  summons,  I  shall  immediately  storm  your  batteries. 
You  have  five  minutes  to  accede  to  this  determination."  As 
no  notice  was  taken  of  this  summons,  the  flag  of  truce  was 
hauled  down,  and  at  6h.  L5m.  a.m.  the  British  squadron 
opened  fire.  After  the  third  broadside,  Captain  Brisbane, 
heading  Ins  men,  boarded  and  carried  the  Dutch  frigate,  and 
the  Latona,  warping  alongside,  took  possession  of  her ;  and 
at  the  same  time  Captain  Lydiard,  with  a  party  of  the 
Anson's  men,  boarded  and  secured  the  Surinam.  Captains 
Brisbane  and  Lydiard  then  proceeded  at  7h.  30m.  to  storm 
Fort  Amsterdam,  which  was  garrisoned  by  270  regular 
troops.  Some  of  the  British  broke  open  the  sea-gate  with 
crowbars,  while  others  scaled  the  walls ;  and  in  about  ten 
minutes  the  fort  was  carried,  and  with  equal  facility  two 
minor  forts,  the  citadel,  and  the  town. 

The  captains  with  part  of  the  men  then  returned  to  their 
ships,  and  opened  a  fire  on  Fort  Republique,  while  300 
seamen  and  marines  departed  to  attack  it  in  rear.  At 
lOh.  a.m.  the  British  flag  was  hoisted  on  Fort  Bipublique, 
and  by  noon  the  whole  island  of  Curacoa  had  capitulated. 
This  daring  enterprize  was  accomplished  with  no  greater  loss 
than  two  seamen  killed  and  five  wounded,  belonging  to  the 
Arethusa  :  Latona,  one  killed  and  two  wounded  ;  and  seven 
wounded  of  the  Anson's  crew.  Total,  three  killed  and  four- 
teen wounded.  The  only  spar  shot  away  was  the  spritsail- 
yard  of  the  Arethusa.  The  Halstaar  had  her  captain  and 
two  men  killed  and  three  badly  wounded  ;  the  Surinam,  one 
killed,  her  captain  and  three  wounded ;  the  schooner  Flying 
Fish,  one  killed  and  one  wounded.      The  loss  on  shore  is 


188  BOATS    OF   CERBERUS    AT   MARTINIQUE.  [1807. 

stated  to  have  amounted  to  200  in  killed  and  wounded ;  but 
it  was  only  the  admirable  plans  of  Captain  Brisbane,  and 
the  vigour  and  ability  of  the  attack,  that  prevented  a  loss  of 
life  infinitely  greater.  Captain  Brisbane  was  knighted  for 
this  achievement,  and  all  four  captains  received  gold  medals 
commemorative  of  the  brilliant  service  performed.  Lieu- 
tenants John  Parish,  of  the  Arethusa,  and  Thomas  Ball 
Sulivan,  of  the  Anson,  both  of  whom  assisted  in  storming 
Fort  Amsterdam,  were  previously  made  commanders,  and 
Lieutenants  William  Mather  (Latona),  Henry  Higman 
(Anson),  and  Samuel  JefFery  (Arethusa),  were  also  promoted. 
The  Committee  of  the  Patriotic  Fund  voted  a  sword  of  100 
guineas'  value  to  Captain  Bolton,  and  vases  of  the  same  value 
to  Captains  Wood  and  Lydiard,  and  a  vase,  value  200  guineas, 
to  Sir  Charles  Brisbane.  The  naval  medal  has  been  granted 
for  this  action. 

On  the  night  of  the  2nd  of  January,  the  boats  of  the 
32-gun  frigate  Ceberus,  Captain  William  Selby,  commanded 
by  Lieutenants  William  Coote  and  Francis  Bligh,  gallantly 
boarded  and  cut  out  two  vessels  at  anchor  under  a  battery 
near  the  Pearl  Bock,  Martinique.  The  vessels,  although 
protected  by  a  large  privateer  and  troops  on  shore,  were 
brought  off  under  a  tremendous  fire,  by  which  Lieutenant 
Coote  was  desperately  wounded  in  the  head,  and  deprived 
of  his  eyesight,  and  George  Sayer,  midshipman,  was  also 
wounded.  Two  seamen  were  killed  and  eight  wounded. 
The  Patriotic  Committee  voted  Lieutenants  Coote  and 
Bligh  swords  of  <£50  value,  and  the  former  was  promoted, 
and  a  pension  conferred  upon  him,  afterwards  increased  to 
.£400  a  year.     This  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

During  the  preceding  year,  Commodore  Sir  Home  Popham 
quitted  his  station  at  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  in  order  to 
attempt  the  capture  of  Buenos  Ayres.  The  operations,  in 
which  a  large  number  of  troops  were  employed,  were  attended 
with  varied  success  ;  but  on  the  5  th  of  January,  Sir  Home 
Popham  was  superseded  by  Rear- Admiral  Charles  Stilling, 
and  ordered  to  England,  where  he  was  tried  by  court-martialr 
and  reprimanded  for  quitting  his  station.  Pear- Admiral 
Stirling  continued  the  siege  of  Buenos  Ayres  ;  and,  on  the 
5th  of  February,  a  breach  was  effected  in  the  walls  of  the 
town,  which  was  stormed,  and  the  place  taken.     The  total 


1807.]  BOARDING  THE  LYNX.  189 

loss  sustained  by  the  British  naval  forces  employed  amounted 
to  six  seamen  killed  •  Lieutenant  George  Stewart,  Hon. 
Charles  Irby,  Henry  Smith,  and  John  Morrison,  midshipmen, 
twenty-four  seamen  and  marines  wounded,  and  four  missing. 
The  loss  of  land  forces  amounted  to  192  killed,  421  wounded, 
and  eight  missing. 

On  the  5th  of  January,  the  boats  of  the  38-gun  frigate 
Imperieuse,  Captain  Lord  Cochrane,  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant  David  Mapleton,  with  the  Hon.  William  J. 
Napier  and  Houston  Stewart,  midshipmen,  and  Assistant- 
Surgeon  George  Gilbert,  were  sent  to  bring  out  of  the  basin 
of  Arcasson,  near  Rochefort,  whatever  vessels  might  be  found 
there.  Lieutenant  Mapleton  and  his  party  landed  and 
attacked  the  battery  of  Fort  Roquette,  which  mounted  four 
36-pounders,  two  field-pieces,  and  a  13-inch  mortar,  and 
having  spiked  the  guns  and  burnt  the  carriages,  laid  the  fort 
in  ruins.     Several  vessels  were  taken  and  destroyed. 

On  the  21st  of  January,  at  daybreak,  as  the  32-gun  frigate 
Galatea,  Captain  George  Sayer,  was  cruising  oif  Caraccas,  on 
the  Spanish  Main,  a  sail,  bearing  south-east,  was  discovered 
from  the  masthead  and  chased — the  stranger  apparently 
making  for  Barcelona.  At  noon  the  frigate  was  nearly 
becalmed,  and  the  chase,  which  was  the  French  1 6-gun  brig 
Lynx,  Lieutenant  J.  M.  Fargenel,  using  her  sweeps,  and 
being  favoured  by  a  light  breeze,  was  fast  leaving  the  Galatea. 
At  2h.  p.m.  six  boats,  containing  five  officers,  fifty  seamen, 
and  twenty  marines,  were  despatched,  under  command  of 
Lieutenant  William  Coombe,  to  endeavour  to  board  the 
enemy.  The  following  officers  embarked  : — Lieutenants 
Henry  Walker  and  Robert  Gibson,  and  John  Green  and 
Barry  Sarsfield,  master's  mates.  Finding  that  the  boats 
gained  very  little  on  the  brig,  Lieutenant  Coombe  directed 
them  to  separate  and  make  the  best  of  their  way,  except 
that  no  boat  was  to  pass  the  barge  in  which  he  himself  was. 
At  6h.  p.m.,  notwithstanding  the  long  pull, -the  Lynx  bore 
east-south-east,  distant  nearly  four  leagues,  and  fearing  their 
labour  might  be  entirely  lost,  Mr.  Green,  in  the  long  gig, 
was  directed  to  proceed  ahead,  and  keep  sight  of  the  chase, 
hoisting  a  light  when  the  night  closed  in. 

At  8h.  30m.  p.m.  the  boats  had  arrived  within  musket- 
shot  of  the  Lynx,  when  they  were  formed  in  two  lines,  and 


190  BOARDING   THE   LYNX.  [1807. 

advanced  to  the  attack  ;  one  division  on  the  larboard  quar- 
ter, and  the  other  on  the  starboard.  Arriving  within  pistol- 
shot,  Lieutenant  Coonibe  hailed  the  brig,  and  receiving  no 
answer,  the  British  cheered  and  dashed  on  towards  the 
enemy.  The  Lynx  immediately  opened  a  heavy  fire  of  grape 
and  musketry,  which  repulsed  the  assailants,  and  wounded, 
among  others,  Lieutenant  Coombe,  a  musket-ball  passing- 
through  the  left  thigh,  the  leg  of  which  he  had  lost  in  a 
former  action.  A  second  attempt  was  made  to  board,  which 
was  also  unsuccessful,  but  the  boats  in  dropping  astern  fired  a 
volley  of  musketry  into  the  brig  with  great  effect.  A  third 
attempt,  as  vigorous  as  the  two  former,  was  successful,  and 
the  Lynx,  after  much  desperate  fighting,  became  a  prize.  In 
this  last  attack  Lieutenant  Walker  was  killed,  having  pre- 
viously received  three  severe  wounds.  The  loss  to  the 
British  altogether  amounted  to,  besides  Lieutenant  Walker, 
five  seamen  and  three  marines  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant 
Coombe,  Mr.  Sarsfield,  six  seamen,  and  three  marines  severely, 
and  Mr.  Green,  nine  seamen,  and  one  marine  slightly- 
wounded.  Total  :  nine  killed  and  twenty-two  wounded. 
The  Lynx,  out  of  a  crew  of  161  men,  had  one  lieutenant 
and  thirteen  men  killed;  and  her  captain,  first  lieutenant 
(severely),  four  other  officers,  and  fourteen  seamen  and 
soldiers  wounded.  Total  :  fourteen  killed  and  twenty 
wounded.  When  the  fatiguing  row,  in  a  burning  sun, 
which  prefaced  this  desperate  action,  is  taken  into  considera- 
tion, too  much  praise  cannot  be  bestowed  upon  the  victors, 
whose  bravery  was  extreme  :  their  loss,  however,  is  much  to 
be  deplored.  The  Lynx  measured  337  tons,  and  was  a  fine 
vessel,  only  two  years  old.  She  was  purchased  into  the 
British  service,  where  she  was  named  the  Heureux,  a  Lynx 
being  already  in  the  navy  ;  the  command  of  her  very  pro- 
perly being  conferred  on  Lieutenant  Coombe,  together  with 
promotion  to  the  rank  of  commander.1 

1  This  brave  officer,  however,  did  not  five  to  enjoy  the  reward  due  to 
his  merit,  he  being  killed  fighting  for  his  country  in  the  year  ensuing, 
as  will  be  hereafter  stated.  A  sword  valued  at  50  guineas,  voted  him  by 
the  Patriotic  Fund,  he  never  received  ;  but  at  the  request  of  his  widow 
it  was  presented  to  her,  "to  be  kept  in  the  family  as  a  memorial  of  his 
services."  Similar  tokens  of  approbation  were  voted  to  Lieutenant 
Gibson  and  Messieurs  Sarsfield  and  Green  ;  and  a  piece  of  plate  was  also 


1807.]  BOATS   OF   LARK   IN   LISHATA    BAY.  191 

On  the  27th  of  January,  the  32-gun  frigate  Jason,  Captain 
Thomas  Cochrane,  being  oft  the  coast  of  Guayana,  recaptured, 
after  a  long  chase,  the  late  British  sloop  Favourite.  A  brig 
of  fourteen  guns  was  at  the  time  in  company  with  the 
Favourite,  but  escaped. 

On  the  26th  of  January,  the  18-gun  ship  sloop  Lark, 
Commander  Robert  Nicholas,  captured  off  the  Spanish  Main 
two  schooner  guarda-costas,  each  commanded  by  a  lieutenant. 
On  the  1st  of  February,  Captain  Nicholas  having  observed 
a  number  of  market-boats  under  convoy  of  a  schooner  and 
two  gun-boats,  anchored  the  Lark  off  the  mouth  of  a  creek, 
hi  Lishata  Bay,  in  which  the  vessels  sought  refuge,  and  taking 
with  him,  in  the  boats  and  two  prizes,  nearly  the  whole  of 
the  ship's  company,  proceeded  up  the  creek.  The  Spanish 
armed  vessels  rowed  out  to  meet  the  British  until  the  latter 
closed,  when  the  Spaniards  commenced  a  retreat.  Captain 
Nicholas  boarded  the  sternmost,  which  had  grounded,  and 
carried  her  after  an  obstinate  resistance,  Captain  Nicholas, 
Richard  Pound,  purser,  and  five  of  his  crew,  being  severely 
wounded  in  effecting  it.  The  captured  vessel  was  destroyed  ; 
but  the  pilots  on  board  the  British  boats  having  mistaken 
the  channel,  were  unable  to  execute  anything  further,  and 
returned  to  the  ship.  The  two  schooner  prizes  having 
grounded,  were  set  on  fire  and  destroyed. 

France  having  obtained  a  powerful  influence  in  the  coun- 
cils of  the  Sublime  Porte,  and  induced  that  monarch  to  take 
some  steps  inimical  to  the  interests  of  Great  Britain  and 
other  powers,  a  squadron  was  ordered  to  Constantinople, 
under  command  of  Vice- Admiral  Sir  John  Thomas  Duck- 
worth. On  the  14th  of  February,  the  74-gun  ship  Ajax 
(belonging  to  the  squadron),  Captain  the  Hon.  Henry 
Blackwood,  unfortunately  took  fire  and  blew  up  on  the 
following  day,  and  near  250  of  her  ship's  company  perished. 
Many  were  rescued  through  the  intrepidity  of  Lieutenant 
Nesbit  J.  Willoughby,  whose  conduct  was  beyond  all  praise. 
On  the  19th,  the  squadron,  consisting  of  the  following  ships, 
in  the  order  expressed,  passed  the  Dardanelles,  exposed  to  a 
heavy  fire  from  the  forts  on  each  side. 

voted  to  Lieutenant  Walker,  and  presented  to  his  nearest  relative.  This 
is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 


192  PASSING   THE   DARDANELLES.  [1807. 

Guns.  Ship. 

80     Canopus  .  \  £ear"Ad™-  Sir  Thomas  Louis  (white) 

(  Captain  Thomas  G.  Shortland 
74     Repulse    „         Hon.  Arthur  Kaye  Legge 

100     Royal  George  .  .  j  Jice;Ad™:  ?ir  J- T.  Duckworth  (white) 
J  &         (  Captain  Richard  Dalhng  Dunn 

98     Windsor  Castle  „         Charles  Boyles 

64     Standard „         Thomas  Harvey 

Bomb     Meteor  (in  tow)  „         James  Collins 

80     Pompee  i  Rear-A(hmral  Sir  W.  Sidney  Smith  (blue) 

F  (  Captain  Richard  Dacres 

74     Thunderer    „         John  Talbot 

Bomb     Lucifer  (in  tow)  „         Robert  Elliot 

40     Endymion    „         Hon.  Thos.  Bladen  Capel 

38     Active . .         „         Richard  Hussey  Moubray 

The  only  return  made  to  this  heavy  cannonading  was  by 
the  mortar-vessels,  which  threw  shells  at  the  forts.  The 
squadron  passed  the  Dardanelles,  with  the  loss  of  six  men 
killed  and  fifty-one  wounded. 

A  little  above  the  Castle  of  Abydos,  towards  Point  Pes- 
quies,  was  a  Turkish  squadron,  consisting  of  one  64-gun  ship, 
four  frigates,  four  corvettes,  and  four  smaller  vessels,  which, 
having  opened  fire  upon  the  British,  was  attacked  by  Sir  Sid- 
ney Smith,  with  the  Pompee,  Thunderer,  Standard,  Endymion, 
-and  Active,  while  the  vice-admiral  with  the  remainder  stood 
on  for  the  anchorage  three  miles  distant.  Sir  Sidney  Smith 
with  his  squadron  anchored  within  musket-shot  of  the 
Turkish  ships,  lying  immediately  under  a  redoubt  on  Point 
Pesquies,  mounted  with  thirty-one  heavy  guns.  At  lOh.  a.m. 
the  British  ships  opened  their  fire,  and  in  half  an  hour  the 
64-gun  ship,  bearing  the  rear-admiral's  flag,  ran  on  shore  on 
the  Asiatic  side ;  and  this  example  was  in  a  short  time 
followed  by  all  the  squadron,  except  one  corvette  and  a  gun- 
boat, which  remained  and  were  taken  possession  of.  As5 the 
redoubt  continued  its  fire  upon  the  British  ships,  Sir  Sidney 
next  turned  his  fire  in  that  direction,  and  as  a  few  shells 
judiciously  thrown  dispersed  the  Asiatic  troops,  Lieutenant 
Mark  Oates,  with  the  Pompee's  marines,  landed  and  took 
possession  of  their  standard.  A  division  of  the  boats  was 
despatched,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  William  Fairbrother 
Carroll,  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  Walter  Croker,  and 
Lieutenants  of  marines  David  Holt  and  William  Laurie 
David  Sinclair  (master's  mate),  Thomas  Smith,  George  Par- 


c^m 


1807.]  DESTRUCTION    OF   TURKISH    SQUADRON,    ETC.  193 

kyns,  Edmund  Lyons,  and  Norfolk  King,  midshipmen,  to 
destroy  the  redoubt,  and  these  were  presently  assisted  by 
Lieutenants  of  marines  Edward  Nicolls,  William  Fynmore, 
and  L.  F.  Boileau. 

The  boats  of  the  Thunderer  and  Standard,  commanded 
by  Lieutenants  John  Carter,  John  Waller,  and  Thomas 
Colby,  also  pulled  on  shore,  and  boarded  and  destroyed  the 
three  frigates  ;  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Edward  Nicolls, 
of  the  Standard,  who  had  been  directed  to  board  the  40-gun 
frigate,  performed  that  service,  after  carrying  away  the  nag 
of  the  Captain  Pacha.  The  redoubt  was  quickly  carried,  and, 
setting  fire  to  the  gabions,  and  spiking  the  guns,  eight  of  which 
were  brass,  to  throw  large  marble  balls,  the  boats  returned 
to  their  ships.  The  anticipated  explosion  of  the  Turkish 
line-of-battle  ship,  which  the  Bepulse,  by  signal  from  the  com- 
mander-in-chief, was  assisting  to  destroy,  obliged  the  boats  to 
return  before  completing  the  demolition  of  the  redoubt. 

The  loss  sustained  by  the  British  squadron  under  Sir 
Sidney  Smith  amounted  to  three  seamen  and  one  marine 
killed,  and  thirteen  men  wounded,  belonging  to  the  Thun- 
derer ,  five  seamen  of  the  Pompee  wounded ;  one  officer  and 
five  seamen  of  the  Standard,  and  one  marine  belonging  to 
the  Endymion,  wounded  :  making  a  total  of  four  killed  and 
twenty-six  wounded. 

This  service  effected,  Sir  John  Duckworth  proceeded  to 
within  eight  miles  of  Constantinople,  and  anchored  off  the 
Prince's  Islands.  Here  British  success  terminated ;  for 
much  valuable  time  was  frittered  away  in  useless  menacing 
letters  and  proclamations,  which  proving  of  no  avail  in  the 
absence  of  active  proceedings,  the  squadron  on  the  1st  of 
March  began  to  retreat. 

On  the  3rd  of  March,  the  squadron  having  on  the  pre- 
ceding night  anchored  off  Point  Pesquies,  weighed  at 
7h.  30m.  a.m.,  and  at  8h.  15m.  bore  up  with  a  fresh  wind 
from  north-east,  and  the  ships  proceeded  through  the  strait 
in  the  same  order  as  they  went  up  ;  except  that  the  Active 
was  ahead  of  the  Endymion,  and  that  the  latter,  instead  of 
the  Standard,  had  the  Meteor  in  tow.  On  approaching  the 
Castle  of  Abydos,  Sir  John  Duckworth  ordered  the  Royal 
George  to  salute  (!)  the  batteries,  not  with  cannon  shotr 
but  blank  cartridge  ;  probably  thinking  in  this  way  to  pro  - 

VOL.  II.  o 


194  REPASSING    THE   DARDANELLES.  [1807. 

pitiate  the  Turks,  who  with  lighted  matches  were  ready  to 
open  fire  on  the  ships  as  they  passed.  This  waste  of  powder 
was  responded  to  by  marble  shot  and  iron  shells,  which  the 
British  ships  returned.  The  defences  of  the  Dardanelles 
had  been  considerably  improved  since  the  squadron  had 
passed  up,  and  consequently  the  ships  did  not  escape  with 
equal  impunity.  The  Canopus  had  her  wheel  shot  away, 
and  her  hull  much  damaged ;  but  escaped  with  the  loss  of 
only  three  seamen  wounded.  The  Repulse  was  struck  by 
a  stone-shot  from  the  Asiatic  side,  which  entered  under  the 
poop-deck,  killing  ten  and  wounding  one  lieutenant  of 
marines  and  nine  men.  This  shot  also  badly  wounded  the 
mizenmast,  broke  and  carried  away  the  wheel,  and  caused 
much  other  damage.  The  Royal  George  sustained  some 
damage  to  her  rigging,  and  a  large  stone-shot  stuck  fast  in 
her  cut-water  ;  her  loss  amounted  to  three  men  killed  and 
twenty-seven  wounded.  The  Windsor  Castle  received  a 
stone-shot  weighing  800  lbs.,  which  cut  her  mainmast  three 
parts  through,  killed  three,  and  wounded  thirteen  men. 
The  Standard  was  struck  by  a  shot  from  the  Castle  of  Sestos, 
weighing  770  lbs.  and  of  the  extraordinary  size  of  twenty-six 
inches  in  diameter,  which,  entering  the  lower  deck,  killed 
four  men,  and  caused  an  explosion  of  the  cartridge-boxes, 
which  badly  wounded  one  lieutenant,  forty  seamen,  and  six 
marines.  An  alarm  of  fire  caused  four  other  men  to  leap 
overboard,  which  made  her  total  loss  eight  killed  or  drowned 
and  forty-six  wounded.  The  Pompee  escaped  untouched  ; 
but  the  Thunderer  was  much  damaged,  and  had  two  seamen 
killed,  and  one  lieutenant,  one  midshipman,  ten  seamen,  and 
two  marines  wounded.  A  stone-shot  of  800  lbs.  weight 
struck  the  Active,  and  passing  through  her  side  lodged  on 
the  orlop-deck.  Captain  Moubray,  on  looking  over  the 
side,  observed  two  of  his  crew  at  the  same  moment 
thrusting  their  heads  through  the  hole  made  by  it !  The 
Active  had  eight  men  wounded ;  the  Endymion,  three  men 
killed  and  nine  wounded ;  and  the  Meteor,  eight  wounded. 
Total  :  twenty-nine  killed  and  138  wounded.  The  total 
loss  incurred  in  this  expedition  amounted  to  forty-six  killed 
and  235  wounded. 

The  names  of  the  officers  killed  and  wounded  were  as 
follow  : — Canopus :    Captain   of   marines   R.   Kent   killed ; 


1807.]  EXPEDITION   TO   EGYPT.  195 

Midshipmen  John  Nichols  and  George  Wray  wounded. 
Repulse  :  Lieutenant  of  marines  Thomas  Marshall,  and  Mas- 
ter's mate  Joseph  Magui,  wounded.  Royal  George  :  Lieu- 
tenant G.  L.  Belli  killed  ;  Lieutenants  John  Forbes  and 
Nesbit  J.  Willoughby,  Midshipmen  George  Holbrook,  John 
Furneaux,  —  Dalrymple,  John  Alexander,  John  Wood 
Rouse,  and  Charles  Coteswortk,  wounded.  Windsor  Castle  : 
William  Jones,  master's  mate,  wounded.  Standard  :  Lieu- 
tenant Daniel  Harrington,  Lieutenant  of  marines  William 
Fyninore,  Master's  mates  John  Haines  and  William  Smith, 
Midshipman  Charles  H.  Jay,  Boatswain  William  Shoo- 
bridge,  wounded.  Thunderer:  Lieutenants  John  Waller 
and  Thomas  Colby,  and  Midshipman  J.  Moore,  wounded. 
Active:  Boatswain  Mark  Palmer  wounded.  Endymion: 
Lieutenant  John  Langdon  wounded.  Meteor  :  Lieutenant 
of  marine  artillery  Charles  E.  Balchild  wounded. 

The  attack  upon  Constantinople  was  succeeded  by  an 
expedition  to  Egypt ;  and  Alexandria  was  taken  possession 
of  on  the  22nd  of  March  by  a  squadron  consisting  of  the 
74-gun  ship  Tigre,  Captain  Benjamin  Hallo  well;  38-gun 
frigate  Apollo,  Captain  Edward  Fellowes;  and  16-gun  brig 
Wizard,  Commander  Edmund  Palmer;  which  convoyed  a 
fleet  of  transports,  having  on  board  5,000  troops  under 
Major-General  Frazer.  In  the  harbour  of  Alexandria  were 
found  two  Turkish  frigates  and  one  corvette,  one  mounting 
forty  guns,  the  second  thirty-four,  and  the  corvette  sixteen 
guns,  all  of  brass.  Lieutenant  James  Boxer,  of  the  navy, 
who  landed  with  the  troops,  distinguished  himself  on  this 
occasion. 

On  the  4th  of  February,  the  20-gun  ship  Bacchante,  and 
18-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Mediator,  Captains  James  Richard 
Dacres  and  William  Furlong  Wise,  were  cruising  off  Cape 
Rafael,  San  Domingo,  and  having  captured  the  French 
national  schooner  Dauphin,  it  was  determined  by  Captain 
Dacres  to  take  advantage  of  this  capture,  in  order  to  attack 
the  adjacent  fort  of  Samana,  a  well-known  resort  for  pri- 
vateers. The  three  vessels  accordingly  proceeded  on  this 
service,  the  Bacchante  and  schooner  under  French  colours, 
and  the  Mediator  disguised  as  a  neutral,  which  disguise  the 
latter  was  the  better  able  to  support,  the  ship  having 
formerly  been  an  Indiaman.     The  three  vessels,  piloted  by 

o2 


19  G  BOATS  OF  COMUS  AT  PUERTA  DE  HAZ.      [1807. 

their  masters,  stood  through  the  intricate  channel,  and 
anchored  within  half  a  mile  of  Samana,  before  they  were 
suspected,  when  the  fort  opened  fire,  which  was  returned  by 
the  British  sliips.  After  a  cannonade  of  four  hours,  Captain 
"Wise,  with  Lieutenants  Henry  L.  Baker,  Charles  Shaw, 
and  John  Norton,  proceeded  with  the  boats  of  the  two  ships, 
and  stormed  and  carried  the  fort.  Thomas  H.  McKenzie, 
master's  mate,  and  two  seamen  of  the  Bacchante,  were 
wounded,  and  two  seamen  killed  and  fourteen  wounded  on 
board  the  Mediator.  In  the  harbour  were  found  an  Ame- 
rican ship  and  an  English  schooner,  and  two  privateers 
fitting  out.  Swords  of  100  guineas'  value  were  presented  by 
the  Patriotic  Fund  to  Captains  D acres  and  YvTise. 

On  the  1st  of  March,  intelligence  having  reached  the 
50-gim  ship  Glatton,  Captain  Thomas  Seccombe  (which 
with  the  14-gun  brig  Hirondelle,  Lieutenant  George  A.  E. 
Skinner,  was  lying  off  Tenedos),  that  a  Turkish  ship  was 
at  anchor  in  the  port  of  Sigri,  Captain  Seccombe  despatched 
the  boats  of  the  ship,  under  Lieutenants  Edward  Watson 
and  Charles  A.  Trusson,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  George 
A.  E.  Sandwith,  to  cut  her  out.  This  service  was  accom- 
plished after  much  hard  fighting,  and  with  the  loss  of  Lieu- 
tenant Watson  and  four  men  killed  and  nine  wounded. 
The  prize  had  formerly  been  a  French  18-gun  corvette,  and 
at  this  time  mounted  ten  guns. 

On  the  loth  of  March,  v/hile  the  22-gun  ship  Comus, 
Captain  Conway  Shipley,  was  cruising  off  the  island  of 
Grand  Canaria,  her  boats  were  despatched,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Lieutenants  George  E.  Watts  and  Hood  Knight, 
and  Lieutenant  of  marines  George  A.  Campbell,  to  cut  some 
vessels  out  of  Puerta  de  Haz.  Six  merchant  vessels  were 
boarded  and  brought  out,  although  protected  by  three  bat- 
teries, which  opened  a  heavy  cross-fire  on  the  British  boats. 
Lieutenant  Campbell  was  wounded. 

On  the  8th  of  May,  still  cruising  off  the  Canary  Islands, 
information  was  received  on  board  the  Comus,  from  a 
captured  vessel,  that  a  large  armed  vessel  was  at  anchor 
under  the  batteries  of  Grand  Canaria.  Captain  Shijjley 
immediately  determined  on  endeavouring  to  effect  her 
capture,  if  possible  by  surprise,  and  accordingly  made  such 
sail  for  the  island  as  to  reach  that   part  where  the  vessel 


1807.]  BOATS    OF   COMUS    AT   GRAND    CANAMA.  197 

was  supposed  to  be  lying  just  before  dark.  This  accom- 
plished, the  boats  were  sent  away ;  but,  after  a  long  search, 
returned  without  having  found  the  enemy  of  which  they 
were  in  search.  At  daybreak  the  vessel  was  discovered 
moored  close  under  the  principal  fort,  and  although  no 
chance  now  remained  of  taking  the  Spaniards  by  surprise, 
the  determination  to  cut  her  out  was  unchanged.  The 
Comus  therefore  stood  as  close  in  to  the  shore  as  she  could, 
and  the  boats,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenants  Watts  and 
Knight,  and  Jeaffreson  Miles,  master's  mate,  were  despatched 
on  this  service.  The  vessel  was  a  felucca,  which  displayed 
a  large  Spanish  ensign,  and  was  fully  prepared  for  the 
attack.  Lieutenant  Watts,  in  the  cutter,  was  the  first  to 
close,  and  boarded  her,  exposed  to  a  fire  of  musketry  from 
between  thirty  and  forty  soldiers,  sent  to  assist  in  the 
felucca's  defence,  and  in  a  short  time  cleared  her  deck.  The 
other  boats  now  arriving  up,  the  British  gained  entire  pos- 
session of  the  vessel,  and  her  cables  having  been  cut,  they 
attempted  to  take  her  in  tow,  as  the  Spaniards  had  used  the 
precaution  of  carrying  her  rudder  and  sails  on  shore.  At 
this  time  a  hawser,  which  had  been  secured  under  water  to 
the  vessel's  sternpost,  was  manned  in  the  fort,  by  which  the 
felucca  was  dragged  close  under  the  muzzles  of  their  guns, 
before  the  British  sailors  could  succeed  in  cutting  it.  The 
rope  being  at  length  cut,  the  vessel  was  towed  clear  of  the 
fire  of  the  batteries.  This  dashing  exploit  was  performed 
with  the  loss  of  one  marine  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Watts 
severely,  one  marine  dangerously,  and  two  seamen  and  one 
marine  badly  wounded.  The  prize  was  the  Spanish  packet 
San  Pedro,  from  Cadiz,  bound  to  Buenos  Ayres,  with  a 
cargo  of  bale-goods.  Of  the  Spanish  troops,  twenty-one 
were  made  prisoners,  eighteen  of  whom  were  wounded  ;  and 
the  remainder,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  who  swam  to 
the  shore,  were  killed,  as  were  also  her  captain  and  some 
of  her  crew.  Lieutenant  Watts  was  most  "deservedly  pro- 
moted shortly  afterwards  for  this  gallant  affair,  in  which 
he  was  most  ably  supported  by  each  ofhcer,  seaman,  and 
marine  of  the  party.  A  sword  of  fifty  guineas'  value  was 
presented  to  Lieutenant  Watts  by  the  Committee  of  the 
Patriotic  Fund. 

Several  men  having  deserted  from  the  squadron  block- 


198  LEOPARD  AND  CHESAPEAKE.  [1807. 

ading  two  French  74-gun  ships  in  the  Chesapeake,  and 
intelligence  having  been  obtained  that  these  men  had  en- 
tered on  board  the  36-gun  frigate  Chesapeake,  the  50-gun 
ship  Leopard,  Captain  Salisbury  Pryce  Humphreys,  was 
despatched  by  Vice-Admiral  Berkeley  from  Halifax,  with 
orders  to  search  the  Chesapeake  frigate  for  deserters  from 
the  «  Belleisle,  Bellona,  Triumph,  Chichester,  Halifax,  and 
Zenobia  cutter." 

On  the  21st  of  March,  the  Leopard  anchored  in  Lynn- 
haven  Bay,  in  company  with  the  Bellona  and  Melampus. 
On  the  22nd,  the  Leopard  weighed,  and  at  6h.  a.m.  re- 
anchored  three  miles  to  the  northward  of  Cape  Henry  light- 
house, in  company  with  the  Triumph.  At  7h.  15m.,°the 
Chesapeake  put  to  sea  from  Hampton  Roads,  and  at  9h. 
passed  the  Bellona  and  Melampus,  whereupon  the  Bellona 
directed  the  Leopard  by  signal  to  weigh,  and  reconnoitre 
her.  The  Leopard,  at  3h.  p.m.,  being  four  or  five  leagues 
from  Cape  Henry,  bore  down  to  speak  the  Chesapeake,  then 
about  two  miles  distant.  At  3h.  30m.,  Captain  Humphreys 
hailed,  and  said  he  had  «  despatches  from  the  British  com- 
mander-in-chief." The  answer  was,  "  Send  them  on  board, 
I  shall  heave  to."  Both  ships  hove  to,  and  Lieutenant  John 
Meade  went  on  board  with  the  order  from  Vice-Admiral 
Berkeley,  and  at  the  same  time  carrying  a  message  from 
Captain  Humphreys  to  Commodore  Barron,  expressing  his 
hope  that  every  point  might  be  amicably  adjusted.  At 
4h.  15m.  the  boat  was  recalled,  and  Lieutenant  Meade 
brought  a  reply  from  Commodore  Barron,  stating  that  he 
knew  of  no  such  men  as  were  described  in  the  order,  and 
that  the  recruiting  parties  at  Boston  were  particularly 
directed  not  to  enter  any  deserters  from  his  Britannic 
majesty's  ships.  The  commodore  further  stated  that  his 
instructions  were  not  to  permit  the  ship's  company  to  be 
mustered  by  any  but  their  own  officers,  and  that  his  desire 
was  to  preserve  harmony.  The  Leopard  then  edged  down 
towards  the  American  frigate,  and  Captain  Humphreys  said, 
"  Commodore  Barron,  you  must  be  aware  of  the  necessity 
I  am  under  of  complying  with  the  orders  of  my  commander- 
in-chief."  These  words  were  twice  repeated,  to  which  the 
only  reply  returned  was,  "I  do  not  understand  what  you 
say;"   which    words   were   distinctly  heard    on   board  the 


1807.]  BOATS    OF   SPARTAN    OFF   NICE.  199 

Leopard,  although  to  windward.  The  Leopard  then  fired 
a  shot  across  the  bows  of  the  Chesapeake,  which  was  fol- 
lowed by  a  second;  and  as  nothing  but  evasive  answers 
were  returned  to  the  repeated  hails  of  Captain  Humphreys, 
the  Leopard  fired  her  broadside.  Commodore  Barron  then 
hailed,  that  he  would  send  a  boat  on  board ;  but,  as  the 
frigate  was  evidently  making  preparations  for  action,  the 
Leopard  continued  her  fire.  A  few  straggling  shots  were 
discharged  from  the  guns  of  the  Chesapeake:  but  at  4h. 
15m.,  on  the  Leopard's  firing  her  third  broadside,  the 
American  colours  were  hauled  down,  and  Lieutenant  Smith, 
of  the  Chesapeake,  came  on  board  the  Leopard  with  a 
message  from  Commodore  Barron,  to  the  effect  that  he  con- 
sidered the  American  frigate  to  be  the  prize  of  the  Leopard. 
At  5h.  p.m.,  Lieutenants  Gordon  Thomas  Falcon,  George 
Martin  Guise,  and  John  Meade,  with  a  party  of  men,  pro- 
ceeded on  board  the  Chesapeake,  and  mustered  her  ship's 
company,  when  about  twelve  were  recognized  as  deserters ; 
but  "four  only,  three  belonging  to  the  Melampus,  and  one  to 
the  Halifax,  were  brought  away.  The  Leopard  then  made 
sail  for  Lynn-haven  Bay,  and  the  Chesapeake  returned  to 
Hampton  Roads.  The  Leopard  had  no  one  hurt ;  but  the 
Chesapeake,  besides  being  greatly  damaged,  had  three  sea- 
men killed,  and  the  commodore  and  seventeen  men  wounded. 
The  spirited  conduct  of  Vice- Admiral  Berkeley  and  of  Cap- 
tain Humphreys  was,  however,  disavowed  by  the  British 
government ;  the  British  right  of  search  was  given  up,  and 
Vice-Admiral  Berkeley  recalled  from  the  North  American 
command. 

On  the  14th  of  May,  the  38-gun  frigate  Spartan,  Captain 
Jahleel  Brenton,  met  with  a  severe  loss  off  Nice.  The 
frigate  had  been  all  day  chasing  a  polacre  ship,  and  at  sun- 
set both  were  becalmed,  at  the  distance  of  about  five  miles 
from  each  other :  the  vessel  appeared  to  be  an  unarmed 
merchant  ship.  The  boats  of  the  Spartan,  with  the  two 
senior  lieutenants  (Benjamin  Weir  and  "Woodford  Wil- 
liams), and  seventy  of  the  best  men,  pulled  alongside,  in  two 
divisions,  and  attempted  to  board  her  on  the  bow  and 
quarter ;  but  the  vessel  was  defended  by  a  numerous  and 
equally  gallant  crew,  assisted  by  boarding-nettings  and  every 
other  means  of  resistance.     The  first  discharge  from  their 


200  ANECDOTE    OF    JAMES    BODIE.  [1807. 

great  guns  and  musketry  laid  sixty-three  of  our  brave 
fellows  low — the  first  and  second  lieutenants  and  twenty-six 
men  being  killed  or  mortally  wounded  ;  seven  only  remained 
unhurt.  The  few  remaining  hands  conducted  the  boats  back 
to  the  ship.1 

A  few  days  afterwards  the  Spartan  was  chased  by  a 
French  squadron,  consisting  of  the  74-gun  ship  Annibal 
(late  British  Hannibal,  captured  in  Algesiras  Bay),  30-gun 
frigates  Pomone  and  Incorruptible,  and  brig  Yictorieuse. 
The  Spartan  was  proceeding  from  Palermo  towards  Toulon, 
when,  observing  the  above  ships,  Captain  Brenton  deter- 
mined on  watching  their  motions  during  the  night ;  but 
being  perceived,  the  enemy  gave  chase  to  the  Spartan.  By 
daylight  on  the  succeeding  morning,  the  strangers  were 
within  three  miles  of  the  Spartan ;  but  a  light  breeze 
springing  up,  the  Spartan  ran  close  down  the  east  side  of 
Cabrera,  pursued  by  the  Annibal.  The  frigates  and  brig, 
hoping  to  intercept  the  Spartan,  made  sail  round  the  west 
side  of  the  island ;  and  in  this  the  headmost,  possessing  a 
fine  strong  breeze  and  finding  the  Spartan  becalmed,  was 
nearly  successful.  Having  arrived  within  gun-shot,  she 
opened  fire  upon  the  Spartan  ;  but  in  a  few  minutes,  having 
lost  the  breeze,  and  being  surrounded  by  her  own  smoke, 

1  The  narrow  escape  of  one  of  the  men  is  very  remarkable.  James 
Bodie,  the  coxswain  of  the  barge,  was  missing.  The  deceased  men  were 
all  laid  out  on  the  main  deck  :  the  wife  of  Bodie,  an  interesting  young 
woman,  who  was  on  board,  flew  with  a  lantern  from  one  to  the  other 
in  search  of  her  husband,  but  in  vain  :  all  the  survivors  declared  that  he 
had  undoubtedly  perished  ;  that  they  saw  him  wounded  and  fall  between 
the  ship  and  the  boat.  The  poor  woman  became  delirious,  got  into  the 
barge,  which  was  by  this  time  replaced  on  the  booms,  and,  taking  the 
.station  recently  occupied  by  her  husband,  could  with  difficulty  be 
removed  from  it.  A  few  days,  with  the  soothing  kindness  of  the  officers 
and  crew,  produced  a  calm  but  settled  grief.  At  Malta  a  subscription 
of  eighty  guineas  was  made  for  her,  and  she  was  sent  to  her  parents  in 
Ireland.  Some  weeks  elapsed,  when  the  Spartan  spoke  a  neutral  vessel 
from  Nice,  and  learnt  that  a  polacre  had  arrived  there,  after  a  severe 
action  with  the  boats  of  a  frigate,  which  she  had  beaten  off,  and  that 
when  the  boats  had  left  her  a  wounded  Englishman  was  discovered, 
holding  on  by  the  rudder-chains,  who  was  instantly  taken  on  board,  and, 
his  wounds  being  cured,  had  been  sent  prisoner  to  Verdun.  Captain 
Brenton,  concluding  that  this  was  hia  late  coxswain,  wrote  to  his  friends 
at  the  depot,  and  ascertained  that  the  man  thus  rescued  was  James 
Bodie,  who  remained  a  prisoner  four  years. — Brenton. 


1807.]  SALLY    AND   CONSORTS    IX    THE.  VISTULA.  201 

was  unable  to  make  further  progress.  Captain  Brenton,  on 
the  contrary,  would  not  allow  a  gun  to  be  fired,  and  being 
consequently  left  in  possession  of  the  light  air  of  wind,  crept 
away  from  her  adversaries  and  escaped. 

On  the  12th  of  April,  the  hired  armed  ships  Sally,  Falcon, 
and  Charles, — Commanders  Edward  Chetham,  George  San- 
ders, and  Robert  Clephane, — were  cruising  oil  Dantzic  Bay, 
with  a  view  to  intercept  any  vessels  endeavouring  to  convey 
provisions  to  the  French  troops  besieging  Dantzic.  On  the 
17th,  observing  that  the  French  had  encamped  on  the 
western  bank  of  the  Vistula,  thus  cutting  off  his  communi- 
cation with  the  Prussian  garrison,  Captain  Chetham  light- 
ened his  ship  by  sending  her  stores  on  board  the  Falcon, 
and  then  pushed  the  Sally  through  the  shoal  water,  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Vistula,  in  order  to  attack  the  enemy's  posi- 
tion. At  6h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Sally,  whose  force  amounted  to 
sixteen  guns,  commenced  a  close  action  with  the  French 
troops,  consisting  of  2,000  men,  assisted  by  three  field-pieces 
and  a  battery  at  Legau.  The  mutual  firing  continued  until 
9h.  p.m.,  when,  several  of  the  breechings  of  her  larboard  guns 
having  broken,  the  Sally  attempted  to  bring  her  starboard 
broadside  to  bear  on  the  enemy ;  but  in  this  she  was  pre- 
vented by  the  strength  of  the  current.  The  Sally  then 
made  sail  down  the  stream  and  ceased  firing.  Lieutenant 
James  Edward  Eastman,  and  a  great  part  of  her  crew,  were 
wounded  by  the  incessant  fire  of  musketry  to  which  the 
Sally  had  been  exposed,  more  than  1,000  balls  having 
lodged  in  her  hull. 

On  the  19th  of  April,  the  gun-brig  Richmond,  Lieutenant 
Samuel  S.  Heming,  working  alongshore,  near  Cape  Mondego, 
coast  of  Portugal,  discovered  a  lugger,  with  Spanish  colours 
flying,  in  a  bay  six  leagues  to  the  northward  of  Peniche. 
In  the  evening  Sub-Lieutenant  George  Bush  boarded  and 
carried  her  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire,  which  wounded  three 
men.  The  lugger,  which  mounted  four  4-pounders,  had  on 
board  a  crew  of  thirty-six  men,  all  of  whom  except  twelve 
escaped  to  the  shore.  The  above  is  a  naval  medal  boat 
action. 

On  the  24th  of  April,  the  18-gun  sloop  Dauntless,  Com- 
mander Christopher  Strachey,  made  a  gallant  attempt  to 
assist  the  Prussian  garrison  of  Dantzic  with  COO  barrels  of 


202  EXPEDITION    TO   COPENHAGEN-.  [1807. 

gunpowder.     Having  a  favourable  wind,  the  Dauntless  ran ' 
up  the  river,  with  studding-sails  set,  firing  on  the  enemy 
as  she  passed *  but  a  sudden  shift  of  wind  heading  her,  she 
grounded  within  half  musket-shot  of  the  French  batteries, 
and  surrendered. 

On  the  5th  of  June,  the  38-gun  frigate  Pomone,  Captain 
Robert  Barrie,  cruising  off  the  Pertuis  Breton,  chased  a 
French  convoy,  which  was  under  the  protection  of  three 
armed  brigs,  and  drove  several  ships  belonging  to  it  on  shore. 
Notwithstanding  a  heavy  fire  from  the  shore,  a  transport 
and  brig  were  brought  out  by  Lieutenant  John  Jones, 
without  any  loss,  although  the  grape-shot  from  one  of  the 
gun-brigs  passed  through  and  through  his  boat.  Fourteen 
vessels  of  this  convoy  were  captured  on  the  same  day,  near 
St.  Gilles,  by  the  Pomone's  boats,  under  Lieutenant  James 
Wallace  Gabriel. 

On  the  6th  of  June,  Lieutenant  Hall  was  despatched 
from  the  14-gun  brig  Port  d'Espagne,  Lieutenant  James 
P.  Stewart,  cruising  in  the  Gulf  of  Paria,  in  a  prize  schooner, 
disguised  as  a  neutral,  to  attack  a  Spanish  privateer.  Lieu- 
tenant Hall,  after  receiving  a  fire  of  musketry,  laid  the 
privateer  on  board  and  carried  her.  The  prize  was  the 
Mercedes,  mounting  two  suns  and  two  swivels,  with  a  crew 
of  thirty  men;  three  of  whom  were  killed  and  one 
drowned.  Two  men  belonging  to  the  British  boats  were 
drowned. 

On  the  19th  of  July,  in  consequence  of  the  treaty  of 
Tilsit,  a  demand  was  made  by  Great  Britain  for  the  sur- 
render of  the  Danish  fleet,  which  was  required  to  be  de- 
livered up  and  to  be  carried  to  England,  under  a  solemn 
promise  of  its  restoration  at  the  conclusion  of  a  general 
peace.  On  the  26th  of  July,  Admiral  James  Gambia*  sailed 
from  Yarmouth  Roads  with  the  following  seventeen  sail  of 
the  line,  twenty-one  frigates,  sloops,  bombs,  &c. 

Guns.  Ships. 

(  Adm.  James  Gambler  (blue) 
98     Prince  of  Wales  . .  \  Captain  Sir  Home  Pophani 

(      „         Adam  McKenzie 
g0     p  \  Vice-Adm.  Hon.  H.  E.  Stanhope  (blue) 

if  Captain  Eichard  Dacres 
7 4     p,     .  (  Commodore  Sir  Samuel  Hood 

/4     Lentaur    ^  Captain  William  H.  Webley 


1807.] 


EXPEDITION   TO    COPENHAGEN. 


203 


Ships. 


Ganges 

(  Commodore  Richard  G.  Keats 

\  Captain  Peter  Halket 

Spencer 

,, 

Hon.  Robert  Stopford 

Vanguard    ...  . 

•  •          ;> 

Alexander  Frazer 

Maida  ...  ...  ... . 

.  ;            ,, 

Samuel  Hood  Linzee 

74 1 

Brunswick   

Thomas  Graves 

Resolution  .  .  . 

George  Burlton 

Hercule    ..... 

Hon.  John  Colville 

Orion    ...  ...  ...  .. 

Sir  Arch.  C.  Dickson 

Alfred  

John  Bligh 

Goliath     ....... 

Peter  Puget 

L  Captain     ...... 

•  •            a 

Isaac  Woolley 

|M>y    

Dictator 

Nassau.  . 

•  •             :> 

John  Draper 

64  < 

Donald  Campbell 

Robert  Campbell 

After  an  interview  between  the  Crown  Prince  of  Den- 
mark and  Mr.  Jackson,  the  British  plenipotentiary,  the 
former  having  given  a  decided  refusal  to  submit  to  the  pro- 
positions of  the  British  government,  measures  were  resorted 
to  to  obtain  possession  of  the  Danish  fleet  by  force.  By  this 
time  the  64-gun  ship  Agamemnon,  Captain  Jonas  Rose,  had 
arrived  with  the  transports  and  frigates,  and  the  force  before 
Copenhagen  consisted  of  twenty-five  sail  of  the  line,  forty- 
frigates,  and  troops,  principally  German,  under  the  command 
of  General  Lord  Cathcart,  to  the  number  of  27,000. 

On  the  14th  of  August,  his  Danish  majesty  quitted  the 
capital  for  Colding,  in  Jutland,  intrusting  the  defence  of 
the  city  to  Major-General  Peiman.  The  population  in  the 
city  and  suburbs  of  Copenhagen  was  estimated  at  100,000 
souls,  and  the  military  and  naval  force,  including  militia, 
amounted  to  about  12,000  men.  The  main  body  of  the 
Danish  army,  about  30,000,  was  encamped  in  Holstein. 

The  defences  of  Copenhagen  consisted  of  the  Trekronen 
battery,  built  on  piles,  about  2,000  yards  from  the  mouth 
of  the  harbour  (or  river,  which  runs  through  the  centre  of 
the  town),  mounting  sixty-eight  guns  besides"  mortars ;  the 
citadel,  mounting  twenty  guns  and  four  mortars  ;  and  the 
arsenal  battery,  mounting  fifty  guns  and  twelve  mortars. 
Total :  174  guns  (for  the  most  part  long  36  and  24-pounders) 
and  twenty-five  mortars.  In  front  of  the  harbour  were 
moored  the  block-ship  Mars,  of  sixty-four  guns ;  four  prames, 
each  mounting  twenty  long  24-pounders;  two  floating  bat- 


204  COMUS   AXD    FREDERICKSCOARN.  [1807. 

teries;  and  twenty-five  or  thirty  gun-boats,  each  mounting 
two  heavy  long  guns.  In  the  arsenal,  afloat,  were  sixteen 
sail  of  the  line  and  twenty-one  frigates,  but  which,  for  the 
most  part,  were  in  an  unserviceable  state,  and  three  74-gun 
ships,  which  were  on  the  stocks.  Two  other  ships  of  the 
line  were  in  ports  of  Norway. 

On  the  night  of  the  12th,  the  3 2 -gun  frigate  Frederick- 
scoarn,  which  was  lying  at  Elsineur,  slipped  her  cable,  and 
steered  for  Norway  ;  upon  which  Admiral  Gambier  directed 
Captain  Ekins,  in  the  74-gun  ship  Defence,  with  the  22-gun 
ship  Comus,  Captain  Edmund  Heywood,  to  pursue  the 
Danish  frigate.  The  Comus  being  ordered  by  Captain 
Ekins  to  make  sail  in  advance,  at  6h.  30m.  a.m.  on  the 
14th,  discovered  the  Danish  frigate  nearly  ahead.  At  noon, 
the  Frederickscoarn  was  five  miles  distant  from  the  Comus, 
and  the  Defence  seven  miles  astern  of  the  latter.  At 
Gh.  p.m.,  a  light  easterly  breeze  springing  up,  the  Comus 
gained  considerably  on  the  chase,  and  about  midnight  had 
arrived  within  hail,  when  Captain  Heywood,  hailing  the 
Danish  frigate,  requested  her  captain  to  heave  the  ship  to. 
This  being  refused,  a  musket  was  fired  from  the  Comus, 
which  was  returned  by  a  shot  from  the  stern-guns  of  the 
Frederickscoarn.  The  Comus  then  bore  up,  and,  passing 
under  the  stern  of  the  Danish  frigate,  fired  a  broadside 
within  pistol-shot  distance.  The  action  became  warm  on 
both  sides,  and  continued  forty-five  minutes,  when  the 
Frederickscoarn,  from  the  disabled  state  of  her  rigging,  fell 
on  board  the  Comus.  She  was  immediately  boarded,  and, 
after  a  slight  resistance,  carried.  The  boarders  were  headed 
by  Lieutenants  George  Edward  Watts  and  Hood  Knight. 
The  Comus  sustained  very  little  damage,  and  only  one  of 
her  crew  was  wounded.  The  Frederickscoarn  suffered  con- 
siderably in  rigging,  masts,  and  yards,  and  had  twelve  men 
killed  and  twenty  wounded.  The  Comus  mounted  twenty- 
two  long  9 -pounders  on  the  main-deck,  and  eight  24-pounder 
carronades,  and  two  long  nines  on  the  quarter-deck  and 
fore-castle,  with  a  crew  of  145  men.  The  Frederickscoarn 
was  armed  with  thirty-two  long  12  and  6-pounders,  and  six 
12-pounder  carronades,  so  that  had  these  two  ships  met 
under  different  circumstances,  the  advantage  would  have 
been  greatly  on  the  side  of  the  Danish  frigate ;  and,  as  it 


1807.]  BOMBARDMEXT    OF   COPENHAGEN.  205 

was,  the  result  redounded  much  to  the  credit  of  Captain 
Heywood,  his  officers  and  crew. 

Much  time  was  necessarily  consumed  by  the  land  forces 
in  constructing  batteries,  during  which  the  small  vessels  of 
the  British  fleet  rendered  important  services  in  checking  the 
annoyances  of  the  Danes.  On  the  23rd  of  August,  while 
thus  employed,  the  in-shore  squadron,  consisting  of  18-gun 
sloops  Hebe,  Cruiser,  and  Mutine — Commanders  Edward 
Ellicott,  Pringle  Stoddart,  and  Hugh  Steuart — four  mortar- 
vessels,  and  eight  gun-brigs,  were  warmly  attacked  by  the 
batteries,  pranies,  and  gun-boats,  and  the  British  vessels, 
armed  principally  with  carronades,  being  unable  to  make  an 
adequate  return,  retired  out  of  gun-shot.  In  this  attack 
Lieutenant  John  Woodford,  commanding  the  Cruiser,  and 
three  seamen  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  John  Williams,  of 
the  Fearless,  seven  seamen,  and  five  marines,  wounded. 

On  the  31st  of  August,  the  advanced  squadron  was  again 
exposed  to  an  attack  from  the  batteries,  prames,  and  gun- 
boats, in  the  course  of  which  an  armed  transport  was  blown 
up,  by  which  catastrophe  her  master  (James  Moyase)  and 
nine  seamen  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Henry  N".  Rowe, 
Master's  mate  P.  Tomlinson,  and  nineteen  seamen  were 
wounded.  At  length,  on  the  2nd  of  September,  the  prepa- 
rations being  completed,  and  the  terms  proposed  again 
refused,  the  British  batteries  opened  fire  upon  the  town  and 
forts  of  Copenhagen,  into  which  the  mortar-vessels  threw 
shells.  The  bombardment  continued  with  little  intermission 
till  the  evening  of  the  5th,  when  Major-General  Peiman 
sent  out  a  flag  of  truce.  Major-General  Sir  Arthur  Welles- 
ley,  Captain  Sir  Home  Popham,  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Sir 
George  Murray,  were  appointed  to  settle  the  terms  of  capi- 
tulation, having  for  its  basis  the  surrender  of  the  Danish 
fleet.  On  the  6th,  the  articles  of  capitulation  were  drawn 
up,  and  on  the  morning  of  the  7th  signed  and  ratified  by 
the  respective  parties.  By  this  arrangement  the  British 
were  to  be  put  in  possession  of  the  citadel  and  of  the  ships 
of  war  and  their  stores  ;  but  within  six  weeks  from  the  date 
of  the  capitulation,  the  citadel  was  to  be  restored,  and  the 
island  of  Zealand  evacuated  by  the  British ;  in  the  mean 
time  all  hostilities  were  to  cease,  and  all  property  and 
prisoners  taken  on  either  side  to  be  given  up. 


206 


SURRENDER   OF    THE   DANISH    FLEET. 


[1807. 


The  loss  of  the  British  from  the  commencement  of  hosti- 
lities amounted  to  four  officers,  one  sergeant,  and  thirty-seven 
rank-and-file  killed  ;  six  officers,  one  sergeant,  138  rank-and- 
file  wounded ;  one  sergeant  and  twenty-three  rank-and-file 
missing ;  making,  with  the  casualties  of  the  navy,  a  loss  of 
fifty-six  killed,  175  wounded,  and  twenty-five  missing. 

The  Danes,  in  the  different  skirmishes  outside  the  city, 
lost  about  250  in  killed  and  wounded,  and  above  1,500 
within  the  fortifications,  consisting  of  men,  women,  and 
children,  which  latter  it  was  in  the  Danish  general's  power 
to  have  averted,  had  he  made  use  of  the  numerous  oppor- 
tunities afforded  for  removing  them.  One  church  and  above 
300  houses  were  destroyed.  The  arrangements  in  the 
arsenal  in  respect  to  the  ships'  stores  were  so  good,  that  in 
the  space  of  nine  days  fourteen  sail  of  the  line  were  equipped 
and  towed  from  the  harbour  into  the  road,  notwithstanding 
that  several  ships  underwent  considerable  repairs  in  that  time. 

It  was  reported  that  the  Crown  Prince,  while  at  Kiel,  sent 
an  order  to  Major-General  Peiman  to  burn  the  fleet  in  the 
event  of  his  being  compelled  to  surrender  the  town ;  but 
that  the  messenger  was  intercepted  by  some  British  patrols, 
who  destroyed  the  despatches. 

At  the  end  of  six  weeks,  the  three  remaining  ships  of  the 
line,  together  with  the  frigates  and  sloops,  were  removed  to 
the  road,  and  the  arsenal  cleared  of  its  naval  stores.  Of 
the  three  ships  on  the  stocks,  two  were  taken  to  pieces,  and 
the  most  useful  of  the  timbers  brought  off;  but  the  third, 
being  nearly  planked  up,  was  destroyed.  The  block-ships, 
being  unfit  to  make  the  voyage  to  England,  were  burnt. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  the  Danish  fleet  brought  away 
from  Copenhagen  by  the  British  armament  :  — 


Guns 

Ships. 

Guns.           Ships. 

Christian  VII. 

f  Princesse-Sophia-Frederica 
Skiold 

80 

Waldemar 

Neptunos 

74  *|  Tre-Kronen 

'  Dannemark 

I  Princesse-Carolina 
L  Fyren 

Norge 

Arve-Prindts 

64  j  Syeren 

(  Dittsmarchen 

74  ■ 

Justitia 

Kron-Prindts 

oo  (  Perlen 
d8  j  Rota 

Kron-Princesse 

,0dm 

Six  frigates  of  thirty-six  guns, 

two  20 -gun  ships,  eleven  corvettes  and 

brigs,  one  schooner, 

anc 

.  twenty-five  gun-boats. 

1807.]  BOATS    OF    HYDE  A  AT    BEGUR.  207 

On  the  21st  of  October,  the  fleet  sailed  from  Copenhagen 
in  three  divisions.  In  going  down  the  Sound,  the  80-gim 
ship  Neptunos  grounded  on  a  sand-bank,  near  the  Island 
of  Huen,  and  although  every  exertion  was  used,  the  ship 
could  not  be  got  off,  and  was  destroyed.  On  entering  the 
Cattegat,  the  weather  became  stormy,  and  all  but  three  of 
the  Danish  gun-boats  were  destroyed.  At  the  end  of  the 
month  the  fleet  and  the  remainder  of  the  prizes  arrived  in 
Yarmouth  Roads  and  the  Downs.  Only  four  of  the  line-of- 
battle  ships  taken  from  the  Danes — Christian  VII.,  Danne- 
mark,  Norge,  and  Princesse  Carolina — were,  on  being  sur- 
veyed, found  fit  for  active  service ;  and  the  most  valuable 
part  of  the  seizure  at  Copenhagen  consisted  in  the  naval 
stores.  Exclusive  of  the  stores  shipped  on  board  the  fleet 
and  prizes,  ninety-two  transports,  measuring  upwards  of 
20,000  tons,  were  deeply  laden  with  them.  The  thanks 
of  Parliament  were  voted  to  the  army  and  navy  employed 
in  this  successful  expedition.  Admiral  Gambier  was  raised 
to  the  peerage ;  Lord  Cathcart  made  an  English  peer  ;  Vice- 
Admiral  Stanhope.  Lieutenant-General  Burrard,  and  Major- 
Geueral  Bloomfield,  created  baronets ;  and  Captain  George 
Ralph  Collier,  of  the  Surveillante  frigate,  the  bearer  of  the 
despatches,  knighted. 

A  declaration  of  war  on  the  part  of  Denmark  was  imme- 
diately followed  by  an  order  from  the  English  government 
to  make  reprisals  on  the  Danes,  and  the  74-gun  ship  Van- 
guard and  a  few  frigates  were  left  cruising  in  the  Belt. 

On  the  6th  of  August,  late  in  the  evening,  the  38-gim 
frigate  Hydra,  Captain  George  Mundy,  cruising  off  Cata- 
lonia, chased  into  the  harbour  of  Begur,  an  armed  polacre 
ship  and  two  brigs.  On  the  following  morning,  these  vessels 
were  discovered  lying  under  protection  of  a  tower  and  a 
battery.  A  little  before  lh.  p.m.,  the  Hydra  anchored,  with 
springs  on  her  cables,  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbour,  and 
opened  a  fire  on  the  battery,  which  was  returned.  After 
an  hour's  firing,  a  division  of  boats,  with  fifty  seamen  and 
marines,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Edward  O'Brien  Drury, 
with  Lieutenants  of  marines  John  Hayes  and  Edward  Pen- 
gelly,  John  Finlayson,  midshipman,  and  Robert  Hendrick 
Goddard,  captain's  clerk,  left  the  Hydra,  and  attacked  the 
fort  in  a  very  gallant  manner,  under  a  heavy  discharge  of 
grape  and  musketry  from  the  vessels,  as  well  as  from  the 


"208  BOATS   OF   CONFIANCE   AT   GUARDIA.  [1807. 

shore.  The  enemy  spiked  the  guns  and  quitted  the  battery 
as  the  British  entered  it  on  the  opposite  side.  Leaving 
Lieutenant  Hayes  with  the  greater  part  of  the  marines  to 
occupy  the  heights  which  commanded  the  decks  of  the  ves- 
sels, Lieutenant  Drury  with  the  remainder  advanced  towards 
the  town,  which  in  a  short  time  was  cleared.  The  crews  of 
the  French  vessels  then  made  for  the  shore,  and  formed  in 
groups  among  the  rocks  and  bushes,  from  whence  they 
annoyed  the  seamen,  as  the  latter,  having  first  taken  posses- 
sion of  the  boats  on  the  beach,  boarded  the  polacres.  At 
oh.  30m.,  Lieutenant  Drury  having  gained  entire  possession 
of  the  vessels,  carried  out  hawsers  to  the  rocks,  and  com- 
menced warping  out  against  a  strong  breeze,  exposed  to  a 
galling  fire  of  musketry.  Lieutenant  James  Little,  with 
the  remainder  of  the  Hydra's  boats,  arriving  to  the  assistance 
of  their  shipmates,  the  prizes  rounded  the  point  of  the 
harbour  at  4h.  P.M.,  and  the  marines  were  re-embarked. 
The  captured  vessels  were  the  ship  Eugene,  of  sixteen  guns 
and  130  men;  and  brigs  Caroline,  twelve  guns  and  forty 
men,  and  Rosario,  of  four  guns  and  forty  men.  One  seaman 
was  killed  and  two  wounded  on  board  the  Hydra,  and 
Mr.  Goddard  and  three  men  of  the  party  on  shore  wounded. 
The  Hydra  sustained  some  damages  in  her  masts  and  rigging. 
The  Patriotic  Fund  Committee  noticed  all  the  officers 
officially  mentioned  as  having  been  engaged  in  the  above 
gallantly-conducted  enterprize.  The  naval  medal  is  granted 
for  this  action. 

On  the  18th  of  August,  the  boats  of  the  20-gun  ship 
Confiance,  Captain  James  Lucas  Yeo,  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant  William  Hovenclen  Walker,  with  Massey  H. 
Herbert  and  George  Forder,  midshipmen,  attacked  a  lugger 
privateer,  mounting  one  long  12-j)ounder,  and  two  4-pound- 
ers,  with  a  crew  of  thirty  men,  moored  under  the  protection 
of  two  forts  at  Gnardia,  on  the  coast  of  Portugal.  The 
vessel  was  boarded  and  carried  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire 
from  the  batteries,  without  any  loss  on  the  British  side. 
One  Spaniard  was  killed  and  several  wounded ;  the  re- 
mainder jumped  overboard,  and  swam  to  the  shore. 

On  the  2-1  th  of  August,  the  18-gun  sloop  Weazel,  Com- 
mander John  Clavell,  being  off  Corfu,  chased  and  drove  on 
shore  three  trabacculos,  working  in  between  Corfu  and  some 


1807.]  CAPTURE   OF   THE   JEUNE   RICHARD.  209 

adjacent  rocks.  Three  others  were  then  seen,  and,  after  a 
chase,  captured,  containing  251  French  soldiers,  commanded 
by  Colonel  Devilliers,  going  to  reinforce  the  garrison  at 
Corfu.  After  disarming  the  troops,  Captain  Clavell  pro- 
ceeded with  his  prisoners  and  two  of  his  prizes  to  Malta. 
On  the  day  preceding  this  success,  the  Weasel  narrowly 
escaped  capture,  being  on  the  point  of  entering  Corfu,  which 
island  had  been  ceded  by  the  treaty  of  Tilsit,  and  was  at  the 
time  in  possession  of  the  French. 

On  the  31st  of  August,  the  island  of  Heligoland  capitu- 
lated to  a  British  force,  the  naval  part  of  which  was  under 
the  command  of  Vice-Admiral  Thomas  Macnamara  Russell. 

On  the  1st  of  October,  as  the  Windsor  Castle,  leeward 
island  packet,  William  Rogers  commander,  was  in  lat.  13° 
o3'  north,  long.  58°  1'  west,  on  her  passage  to  Barbadoes, 
a  privateer  was  seen  early  in  the  morning  approaching 
under  all  sail.  At  noon  the  schooner  hoisted  her  colours, 
and  opened  fire,  which  was  returned  from  the  chase-guns  of 
the  Windsor  Castle.  The  privateer  having  arrived  along- 
side, and  grappled  the  packet,  her  crew  endeavoured  to 
board,  but  were  repulsed  with  the  loss  of  ten  men  killed  and 
wounded.  The  privateer  then  cut  loose  from  her  grapplings, 
and  endeavoured  to  sheer  off,  but  the  mainyard-arm  of  the 
packet  being  entangled  with  the  schooner's  rigging,  held  her 
fast.  About  3h.  p.m.,  one  of  the  packet's  carronades,  loaded 
with  grape  and  musket-balls,  was  brought  to  bear,  and  fired 
with  great  effect  on  the  enemy's  deck,  just  as  her  men  were 
about  to  make  a  second  attempt  to  board.  Witnessing  the 
havoc  caused  by  this  discharge,  the  commander  of  the  packet, 
followed  by  only  five  men,  leaped  upon  the  schooner's  deck, 
and  driving  the  remaining  Frenchmen  from  their  quarters, 
compelled  the  privateer  to  surrender.  The  Windsor  Castle 
mounted  six  long  4-pounders,  with  two  12-pounder  carro- 
nades ;  and  her  crew  consisted  of  twenty-eight  men  and 
boys,  of  which  number  three  were  killed,  and  ten  severely 
wounded  :  her  mainyard  and  mizenmast  were  shot  away, 
and  her  rigging  considerably  damaged.  The  privateer  was 
the  Jeune  Richard,  and  mounted  six  long  6-pounders,  and 
one  long  18-pounder  on  a  pivot,  with  a  crew  consisting  of 
ninety-two  men,  of  whom  twenty-one  were  killed  and 
thirty-three  wounded.     The  Windsor  Castle    proceeded  to 

VOL.  II.  p 


210  BOATS   OF   PORCUPINE   IN   THE   ADRIATIC.  [1807. 

Barbadoes  with  lier  prize ;  and  one  more  gallantly  won  it  has 
rarely  been  our  lot  to  record ;  for  to  Captain  Rogers  and 
every  officer,  man,  and  boy  under  his  orders,  the  most 
unqualified  praise  is  due. 

On  the  evening  of  the  7th  of  October,  the  22-gun  ship 
Porcupine,  Captain  the  Honourable  Henry  Duncan,  cruising 
in  the  Adriatic,  having  chased  a  trabacculo  into  Zupaino, 
despatched  two  boats,  commanded  by  Lieutenants  George 
Price  and  Francis  Smith,  to  bring  her  out.  As  the  boats 
rounded  a  point  near  the  harbour's  mouth,  a  gun-boat,  under 
the  Italian  flag,  opened  a  fire  of  round  and  grape  upon 
them,  which  Captain  Duncan  observing,  recalled  the  boats, 
but  despatched  them  again  at  night.  Having  on  this 
second  occasion  captured  the  guard-boat,  mounting  one 
4-pounder  swivel,  and  manned  with  French  soldiers,  the 
boats  pushed  on  for  the  gun-vessel,  which,  in  expectation  of  an 
attack,  was  moored  close  to  the  shore  with  four  cables.  In 
the  face  of  a  heavy  fire  of  grape  and  musketry,  Lieutenant 
Price  and  his  party  gallantly  boarded,  and  in  a  short  time 
carried  the  vessel,  which  proved  to  be  the  Venetian  gun- 
boat Safo,  armed  with  one  long  2 4-pounder  and  several 
swivels,  with  a  crew  of  fifty  men,  commanded  by  Enseigne 
de  vaisseau  Ghega.  In  accomplishing  this  enterprise,  one 
seaman  and  one  marine  were  wounded. 

On  the  27th  of  November,  Lieutenant  Price,  in  the  Por- 
cupine's cutter,  captured  two  small  vessels  from  Pagusa, 
and  on  the  29th  this  officer  entered  the  harbour  of  ZuHano 
with  the  boats  of  the  same  ship,  and  after  destroying  a 
number  of  small  vessels,  brought  out  a  trabacculo  laden 
with  wood.  On  their  return,  the  boats  captured  another 
vessel  of  this  description,  laden  with  ordnance  stores,  in- 
tended for  the  construction  of  a  battery  at  Curzola. 

On  the  night  of  the  25th  of  October,  the  boats  of  the 
18-gun  shij>sloop  Herald,  Commander  George  M.  Hony,  in 
charge  of  Lieutenant  Walter  Foreman,  gallantly  boarded, 
and  brought  out  from  under  the  fortress  of  Otranto  the 
French  privateer  Cesar.  The  crew  of  the  French  vessel 
defended  her  until  the  boats  were  close  alongside,  when  all 
except  four  made  their  escape  by  means  of  a  hawser  fastened 
to  the  shore.     The  prize   mounted  four  long    6-pounders. 


1807.]  ANN   WITH    SPANISH    GUN-BOATS.  211 

Of  the  boarding  party,  James  Wood,  the  carpenter,  was  the 
only  person  wounded;  and  two  men  were  wounded  on 
board  the  Herald  by  shot  from  the  castle,  which  also 
damaged  the  ship's  hull  and  rigging. 

On  the  24th  of  November,  in  the  forenoon,  the  hired 
armed  brig  Ann  (mounting  ten  12-pounder  carronades), 
Lieutenant  James  McKenzie,  in  company  with  the  Spanish' 
7 -gun  lugger-privateer  Vansigo,  her  prize,  being  off  the 
island  of  Tariffa,  was  chased  by  ten  Spanish  gun-boats. 
Finding  from  the  calm  state  of  the  weather  it  would  be 
impossible  to  escape,  Lieutenant  McKenzie  shortened  sail  to 
close  the  prize,  and  receive  his  enemies.  At  lOh.  15m.  the 
three  headmost  gun-boats  commenced  the  action ;  and  at 
lOh.  30m.  the  remaining  seven  joined  in  the  combat.  The 
"Vansigo  soon  afterwards,  having  previously  hailed  to  say 
that  three  of  her  prize  crew  (originally  but  nine)  were  killed, 
struck  her  colours.  At  llh.  the  Ann  had  by  her  fire  dis- 
masted one  of  the  gun-boats,  and  compelled  two  others  to 
strike ;  but  having  only  thirty  of  her  own  men  on  board — 
the  remainder  of  her  crew  being  in  the  lugger,  and  having 
already  forty-two  prisoners  to  guard,  Lieutenant  McKenzie 
being,  moreover,  the  bearer  of  despatches — did  not  attempt 
to  take  possession  of  the  prizes.  The  action  was  protracted 
till  lh.  p.m.,  when  the  gun-boats  made  off,  carrying  with 
them  the  Vansigo.  Although  for  so  long  a  period  exposed 
to  the  fire  of  ten  such  powerful  opponents  (each  of  which,  it 
is  probable,  carried  from  two  to  four  heavy  long  guns),  the 
Ann  sustained  no  loss.  Upon  the  whole,  this  action  was 
highly  creditable  to  the  ability  of  the  Ann's  commander  and 
crew.     The  naval  medal  is  awarded  for  this  action. 

On  the  night  of  the  6th  of  November,  the  boats  of  the 
3G-gun  frigate  Renommee,  Captain  Sir  Thomas  Livingstone, 
and  18-gun  brig  Grasshopper,  Commander  Thomas  Searle, 
cruising  off  Carthagena,  were  sent,  under  the  orders  of  Lieu- 
tenant William  Webster,  to  cut  out  some  vessels  lying  at 
anchor  under  the  Torre  d'Estacio.  A  Spanish  brig  and  a 
French  tartan,  each  mounting  six  guns,  were  taken  posses- 
sion of ;  but  the  current  being  strong,  and  only  a  very  light 
air  of  wind  blowing,  both  vessels  ran  aground,  and,  several 
women  and  children  being  on  board,  they  were  abandoned, 

p2 


212  CURIEUX   AND   REVANCHE.  [1807. 

Lieutenant  Webster  not  choosing,  under  the  circumstances 
to  destroy  the  vessels.  Thomas  Bastin,  purser  of  the  Grass- 
hopper, and  one  seaman  were  wounded. 

On  the  3rd  of  December,  at  lOh.  a.m.,  being  in  lat   14° 
48'  K,  long.  59°  14'  W,  the   16-gun  brig  Curieux,  Com- 
mander John  Sheriff,  while  standing  on  the  starboard  tack 
with  the  wind  from  north-east,  discovered,  broad  on  the  lee 
bow,  a  strange  ship  on  the  opposite  tack.     The  stranger  was 
the  French  24-gun  ship  privateer  Revanche.     At  llh.  am 
as  the  two  vessels  passed  on  opposite  tacks,  the  Revanche 
being  to   leeward,  the   Curieux   made   the   private   signal 
which  remaining  unanswered,  the  brig  tacked  in  chase  and 
at  lh.  p.m.,  when  on  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  Revanche 
fired  a  bow  gun,  and  received  in  return  that  ship's  stern- 
chasers.     At  2k  the  Curieux,  having  arrived  within  a  short 
distance  of  the  weather  quarter  of  the  privateer,  brought 
her  to  close  action,  and  continued  it  with  great  spirit  for^an 
horn-,  by  which  time  the  Curieux  had  her  braces,  bow-lines 
and  tiller-ropes   shot  away.     The  Revanche  observing  the 
unmanageable  state  of  her  opponent,  put  her  helm  down  and 
ran  the  brig  on  board  a  little  before  the  mainmast  on  the 
starboard  side.     By  the  discharge  from  a  long  18-pounder 
mounted  on  a  traversing  carriage,  and   musketry,  Captain' 
bheriff  and  five  men  were  killed,  and  several  wounded  :  and 
the  mam  boom  of  the  brig  shot  away.     Finding  themselves 
however,    gallantly  opposed,   the    Frenchmen    retreated   to 
their  own  quarter-deck,  from  whence  they  kept  up  a  con- 
tinual and  galling  fire    of  musketry.     Lieutenant  Thomas 
Muir,  upon  whom  the  command  of  the  brig  had  now  de- 
volved,  endeavoured  to  board  the  Revanche,   but   finding 
himself  likely  to  be  supported  by  only  ten  men  and   the* 
boatswain,  he  was  compelled  to  relinquish  the  design.     The 
Revanche  soon  afterwards  sheered  off  from  the   Curieux 
and,  after  firing  two  guns  and  some  musketry,  made  sail  to 
the    north-west,   leaving  the  Curieux   in  no   condition  %• 
pursuit.    The  Curieux,  besides  her  captain,  had  seven  seamen 
killed  and  fourteen  wounded.     The  loss  of  the  Revanche 
was  afterwards  stated  to  have  been  two  killed  and  thirteen 
wounded.     The   Curieux  was  much  inferior  in  number  of 
men  and  in  armament  to  the  Revanche  ;  the  former  having 
a  crew  of  eighty  men,  mounted  ten  18-pounder  carronades 


1807.]  GRASSHOPPER   AND   SAN   JOSEF.  213 

and  eight  long  6-pounders ;  while  the  privateer's  crew  num- 
bered at  least  200  men,  and  she  was  supposed  to  have  been 
armed  with  twenty-four  long  8-pounders,  together  with  an 
18-pounder  long  gun  on  a  pivot.  This  latter  piece  of  ord- 
nance alone  was  nearly  equivalent  to  all  the  carronades  of 
the  Curieux ;  and  had  the  Revanche  not  been  a  privateer, 
her  escape  would  have  been  unattended  with  discredit  to 
the  surviving  commander  or  crew.  As,  however,  the 
Revanche  was  a  privateer,  a  great  deal  was  said  upon  the 
subject,  and  Lieutenant  Muir  became  subjected  to  the 
ordeal  of  a  court-martial,  by  the  sentence  of  which  he 
was  slightly  reprimanded  for  not,  as  it  was  stated,  having 
done  his  utmost  to  capture  the  enemy  after  the  death  of  his 
commander. 

On  the  11th  of  December,  at  llh.  a.m.,  while  the  3G-gun 
frigate  Renommee,  Captain  Sir  Thomas  Livingstone,  and 
18-gun  brig  Grasshopper,  Commander  Thomas  Searle,  were 
on  the  same  station,  the  latter  discovered,  off  Cape  Palos, 
and  chased  a  brig  and  two  settees.  The  Grasshopper  con- 
tinuing to  beat  to  windward,  lost  sight  of  the  Renommee  at 
noon,  and  at  12h.  30m.  p.m.  opened  her  broadside  on  the 
brig.  A  running  fight  commenced,  which  continued  until 
2h.  30m.,  when  the  enemy,  which  was  the  Spanish  brig  San 
Josef,  Lieutenant  De  Torres,  of  ten  24-pounder  carronades, 
and  two  long  sixes,  ran  on  shore  under  Cape  Negrete,  and 
struck  her  colours.  The  settees  were  the  Medusa,  of  ten 
guns  and  eighty  men,  and  the  Aigle,  of  eight  guns  and  fifty 
men;  which,  on  observing  the  fate  of  the  brig,  tacked  to  the 
eastward,  and  escaped.  The  Grasshopper  having  anchored, 
got  her  prize  afloat,  although  exposed  to  the  fire  of  a  body  of 
troops,  and  of  the  Spanish  crew,  which,  having  escaped  to 
the  shore,  kept  up  a  constant  fire  of  musketry.  The  Grass- 
hopper had  one  man  wounded. 

The  frigates  Caroline  and  Psyche,  Captains  Peter  Rainier 
and  E.  B.  R.  Pellew,  having  been  despatched  by  Sir  Edward 
Pellew,  commander-in-chief  of  the  East-India  station,  in 
search  of  two  Dutch  line-of-battle  ships  which  had  escaped 
the  previous  year  from  Batavia,  arrived  off  Point  Panka, 
Java,  on  the  29th  August.  It  was  there  ascertained  that  the 
two  ships  Pluto  and  Revolutie  were  lying  in  the  harbour  of 
Griesse  in  a  bad  state  of  repair.     The  Caroline  parted  com- 


214  SIR   EDWARD    PELLEW   AT   GRIESSE.  [1807. 

pany  m  chase,  and  the  Psyche  anchored  at  Samarang.     On 
the  night  of  the  31st,  the  Psyche's  boats,  commanded  by 
Lieutenant  Lambert  Kersteman,  assisted  by  Charles  Sullivan, 
midshipman,  boarded,  and  gallantly  brought  out,  two  vessels 
at  anchor  in  the  road,   although  defended  by  the  batteries 
of  the  town,  an  8-gun  schooner,  and  a  large  merchant-brig. 
Having  collected  the  boats  and  destroyed  the  prizes,  the 
Psyche  on  the  following  morning  (September  1st)  chased  two 
ships  and  a  brig  which  had  been  at  anchor  outside.     The 
pursuit  continued  till  3h.  30m.  p.m.,  when  the  strangers  bore 
up  for  the  land,  and  ran  ashore  about  nine  miles  to  the 
westward  of  Samarang,  in  a   position   to   open   upon   the 
Psyche  a  heavy  fire.    The  Psyche  anchoring  in  three  fathoms 
water,  brought  her  broadside  to  bear  upon  the  enemy.     In  a 
short  time  the  Hesolutie,  armed  merchant-ship,  surrendered, 
and  just  as  the  boats  were  ordered  out  to  board  the  second 
ship — the  Dutch  national  24-gun  corvette  Scipio — she  also 
struck.     The  brig  was  the  Ceres,  in  the  Dutch  East-India 
Company's  service,  mounting  twelve  guns,  and  having  a  crew 
of  seventy  men,  which  also  surrendered.     The  three  vessels 
were  got  off  without  damage,  and  the  Scipio  was  taken  into 
the  service,  and  named  the  Samarang. 

When  Captain  Pellew  returned  to  Madras  with  the  in- 
telligence, the  commander-in-chief  made  his  preparations,  and 
on  the  20th  November  sailed  from  Malacca  with  the  fol- 
lowing : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

(  «  „    ,  \  Eear-Adm.  Sir  Edw.  Pellew,  Bart,  (red) 

74  I  Cullodei1 J  Captain  George  Bell 

(  Powerful „         Fleetwood  B.  E.  Pellew 

36     Caroline   ....  „         Henry  Hart  (acting) 

32     Fox  .  . „         Hon.  Archibald  Cochrane 

,  o  (  Victoire  ....  Commander  Thomas  Groube 

(Samarang    ...  „         Ei  chard  Buck 

14     Seaflower     .  .  Lieut.     Wm.  Fitzwilliam  Owen 

Jaseur1     .....  „         Thomas  Laugharne 


A  detachment  of  troops  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  Lock- 
hart  accompanied  the  expedition.  The  squadron  arrived  off 
Point  Panka  on  the  5th  December,  and  a  communication 
was  made  to  the   Dutch  commodore,  demanding  the  sur- 

1  This  vessel  shortly  afterwards  foundered  at  sea  with  all  hands. 


1807.]  SIR   EDWARD    PELLEW   AT    GRIESSE.  215 

render  of  the  ships  of  war  at  Griesse.  The  boat,  though 
under  a  flag  of  truce,  was  detained,  and  the  officer  and  his 
crew  placed  under  arrest.  The  Dutch  commodore  then  ac- 
quainted Sir  Edward  with  the  unwarrantable  stej^s  he  had 
taken,  and  refused  to  give  up  the  ships. 

The  Culloden  and  Powerful,  having  been  lightened,  com- 
menced ascending  the  river  leading  to  Griesse,  cannonading  a 
battery  at  Sambelangan  in  passing,  which  battery,  in  return, 
fired  red-hot  shot,  and  did  considerable  damage  to  some  of 
the  ships.  The  navigation  of  the  river  to  the  mouth  of  the 
harbour  was  most  intricate,  and  the  ships  grounded  several 
times.  The  Culloden  remained  aground  some  time,  and  was 
compelled  to  take  out  guns  and  start  water  ;  but  remained 
fast.1  After  dark  the  admiral  struck  his  flag,  and  proceeded 
on  board  the  Caroline,  which  ship  had  got  several  miles 
ahead  of  the  squadron,  and  had  succeeded  in  reaching  the 
harbour's  mouth.  Next  morning  the  Culloden  floated  off, 
and  the  squadron  proceeded,  led  by  the  Fox,  the  Culloden 
being  second,  and  the  Caroline  third.  The  Dutch,  finding 
the  British  squadron  in  earnest,  disavowed  the  conduct  of 
the  commodore,  and  released  the  boat's  crew, — entering  into 
a  treaty  for  the  surrender  of  the  Dutch  shipping. 

In  the  meanwhile,  however,  the  two  line-of-battle  ships,  the 
Sheer  hulk,  and  a  40-gun  merchant-ship,  had  been  scuttled 
by  order  of  the  commodore.  On  the  11th  the  work  of 
destruction  was  completed  by  burning,  and  the  guns  and 
military  stores  at  Griesse  and  at  Sambelangan  were  de- 
stroyed.   The  Fox  lost  her  foreyard,  and  was  much  damaged 

1  The  following  characteristic  anecdote  of  Sir  Edward  Pellew  may  be 
thought  interesting.  After  passing  Sambelangan,  the  Culloden  struck 
softly  on  a  shoal,  and  the  Caroline,  being  the  ship  next  astern,  found 
herself  suddenly  gaining  upon  the  ship  ahead,  when  the  admiral  was 
seen  on  the  Culloden's  poop  ordering  the  Caroline's  helm  a-starboard. 
This  could  not  be  done  without  running  stem  into  the  Culloden.  The 
order  not  being  attended  to,  the  admiral,  much  excited,  repeated  it, 
exclaiming  at  the  same  time,  "We  are  on  shore."  Instantly  the 
Caroline's  anchor  was  let  go,  and  she  brought  up  by  the  stern,  the  pre- 
caution having  been  taken  of  getting  a  cable  out  of  the  gun-room  port. 
At  this  time  her  jib-boom  was  over  the  Culloden's  quarter !  Captain 
Hart  was  then  sent  for,  and  Sir  Edward  Pellew  expressed  himself  highly 
satisfied  with  the  good  seamanship  displayed  on  board  the  frigate.  The 
fact  was,  Sir  Edward  dreading  that  the  Caroline  should  go  on  shore 
preferred  the  alternative  of  her  running  foul  of  his  own  ship. 


216  CAPTURE   OF   DANISH    ISLANDS,    ETC.  [1807. 

by  hot  shot ;  and  Lieutenant  Samuel  Allen  and  several  men 
were  wounded. 

On  the  21st  of  December  the  Danish  island  of  St.  Thomas, 
in  the  West  Indies,  surrendered  to  an  expedition  under  Rear- 
Admiral  the  Hon.  Sir  Alexander  Inglis  Cochrane  and 
General  Bowyer ;  and  on  the  2oth  the  island  of  Santa 
Croix  capitulated  to  the  same  force. 

The  French  having  occupied  Portugal,  a  British  squadron, 
under  Rear- Admiral  Sir  Samuel  Hood,  consisting  of  the 
74-gun  ships  Centaur,  York,  and  Captain,  and  64-gun  ship 
Intrepid,  Captains  William  H.  Webley,  Robert  Barton,  Isaac 
Woolley,  and  Richard  Wortley,  with  the  frigates  Africaine, 
AJceste,  Shannon,  and  Success,  together  with  transports,  con- 
taining troops  under  Major-General  Beresford,  sailed  for 
Madeira.  On  the  24th  of  December  the  squadron  anchored 
in  Funchal  Bay,  and  on  the  26th,  without  opposition,  took 
possession  of  the  islands. 


1808.]  LINNET   AND    COURIER.  21T 


1808. 

On  the  16  th  of  January,  in  the  forenoon,  the  14-gun  brig 
Linnet,  Lieutenant  John  Tracy,  being  off  Cape  Barfleur,  ob- 
served a  large  lugger  in  chase  of  a  merchant-ship  and  brig. 
Aware  that  the  Linnet's  sailing  qualities  were  not  such  as  to 
enable  her  to  close  the  lugger  except  by  stratagem,  Lieute- 
nant Tracy  ably  manoeuvred  so  as  to  join  company  with  the 
merchant-ships,  and  with  them  apparently  endeavoured  to 
escape.  At  6h.  30m.  p.m.,  it  being  quite  dark,  the  lugger,  which 
was  the  Courier,  of  eighteen  guns  and  sixty  men,  closed  with- 
the  merchant-ship  ;  but  as  she  was  gallantly  defended,  the 
Courier  was  about  to  haul  off.  Just  at  this  time,  however, 
the  Linnet  arriving  within  musket-shot  of  the  lugger,  poured' 
into  her  a  well-directed  broadside,  accompanied  by  a  volley 
of  musketry,  which  fortunately  cut  away  the  Courier's  main- 
lug  halyards.  The  lugger  was  then  hailed  and  ordered  to 
surrender  ;  but  instead  of  compliance,  the  main  halyards 
were  again  bent,  and  the  sail  rehoisted.  The  Linnet  ac- 
cordingly reopened  her  fire,  and  was  so  fortunate  as  to  cut 
away  the  lugger's  halyards  no  less  than  ten  times.  After 
continuing  the  running  fight  in  this  manner  till  8h.  50m., 
the  Courier,  being  in  a  sinking  state,  surrendered,  having 
had  her  second  officer  killed  and  three  men  wounded ;  but 
the  Linnet  sustained  no  loss  whatever. 

On  the  30th  of  January,  the  16-gun  brig  Delight,  Com- 
mander Philip  Cosby  Handfield,  in  an  attempt  to  recapture 
four  Sicilian  gun-boats,  grounded  under  the  batteries  of 
Heggio.  Captain  Handfield  was  killed,  and  Captain  Thomas 
Secconibe,  of  the  Glatton,  who  was  on  board  the  brig,  mor- 
tally wounded  and  taken  prisoner.  The  Delight  was  burnt 
by  the  survivors  of  her  crew. 

On  the  7th  of  February,  the  8-gun  schooner  Decouverte, 
Lieutenant  Colin  Campbell,  chased  two  privateers  and  a  ship, 
their  prize,  off  St.  Domingo.  One  of  the  privateers  escaped, 
bi;t  the  remaining  two  vessels  were  driven  on  shore  and 


218  BOAT  ACTIONS.  [1808. 

destroyed.  On  the  9th,  this  schooner  engaged  and  captured, 
after  a  gallant  action,  the  French  schooner  privateer  Dorade, 
mounting  one  long  18-pounder,  on  a  pivot,  and  two  long 
8-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  seventy-two  men,  seven  of  whom 
were  found  dead  on  her  decks,  and  three  wounded.  The 
crew  of  the  Decouverte  numbered  only  thirty-seven  men  and 
"boys,  of  whom  three  men  were  dangerously  and  one  mortally 
wounded,  and  Lieutenant  Campbell  (though  not  officially 
reported)  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  8th  of  February,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Meleager,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  George  Tupman,  as- 
sisted by  Lieutenant  "William  Swinburn  and  Lieutenant  of 
marines  John  Dehane,  cut  out  from  under  St.  Jago  de 
Cuba,  the  French  armed  felucca  Renard,  without  loss. 
Eighteen  of  the  French  crew,  originally  forty-seven  men, 
escaped  to  the  shore. 

On  the  13th  of  February,  while  the  cutter  and  jolly-boat 
of  the  20-gun  ship  Confiance  were  rowing  guard  off  the 
mouth  of  the  Tagus,  Robert  Trist,  the  master's  mate  in 
charge  of  them,  perceived  a  French  gun-boat  at  anchor  be- 
tween the  forts  of  Belem  and  San  Julien,  which  he  gallantly 
boarded,  and  carried  without  loss.  The  prize  had  on  board 
100  stand  of  arms,  and  was  commanded  by  Enseigne  de 
vaisseau  Gaudolphe.  She  mounted  one  long  2  4 -pounder 
and  two  brass  sixes,  and  of  her  crew  of  fifty  men,  three  were 
killed  and  nine  wounded.  Mr.  Trist  was  deservedly  pro- 
moted in  consequence.     This  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  2nd  of  March,  the  1 8-gun  brig  Sappho,  Commander 
George  Langford,  being  off  Scarborough,  chased  and  brought 
to  action  the  Danish  brig  Admiral  Yawl,  Captain  Jorgenson, 
mounting  on  her  upper  deck  twelve  carronades,  18- pounders, 
and  on  her  main  deck  sixteen  long  6-pounders  :  total  twenty- 
eight  guns,  with  a  crew  of  eighty-three  men.  After  a  close 
engagement  of  half  an  hour,  in  which  the  Sappho  had  two 
men  wounded,  the  Danish  brig,  having  had  her  second  officer 
and  one  man  killed,  struck  her  colours.  The  naval  medal  is 
granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  San 
Fiorenzo,  Captain  George  Nicholas  Hardinge,  sailed  from 
Pointe  de  Galle,  Ceylon,  on  her  return  to  Bombay.  On  the 
Cth,  at  7h.  A.M.,  being  off  Cape  Comorin,  the  French  40-gun 


1808.]  SAN    FIORENZO    AND    PIEMONTAISE.  219 

frigate  Piemontaise,  Captain  Epron,  was  discovered  on  the 
starboard  beam,  bearing  north-east,  and  making  sail  after  four 
East-India  ships,  passed  shortly  before  by  the  San  Fiorenzo. 
The  San  Fiorenzo  hauled  to  the  wind,  and  stood  in-shore, 
when  the  Piemontaise,  finding  herself  pursued,  bore  up  and 
made  all  sail,  followed  by  the  British  frigate.  Having  made 
the  private  signal,  which  remained  unanswered,  the  San 
Fiorenzo  hoisted  her  colours.  The  pursuit  continued  until 
llh.  40m.  p.m.,  at  which  time  the  British  frigate,  on  the 
larboard  tack,  ranged  up  alongside  the  Piemontaise  to  lee- 
ward, and  a  spirited  action,  at  200  yards'  distance,  took 
place  ;  but  which  continued  only  for  about  ten  minutes,  when 
the  French  frigate  made  sail  ahead.  The  San  Fiorenzo, 
which  in  this  short  engagement  had  only  three  of  her  men 
wounded,  also  made  sail,  and  at  daylight  on  the  7th  had 
gained  so  much  on  her  opponent,  that  the  latter,  finding  an 
action  unavoidable,  hoisted  her  colours,  and  wore  across  the 
bows  of  the  British  ship,  in  order  to  bring  her  broadside  to 
bear.  At  6h.  20m.  a.m.,  the  San  Fiorenzo  having  also  wore, 
the  Piemontaise  fired  her  broadside,  and  the  engagement  con- 
tinued at  point-blank  distance,  until  8h.  15m.,  when  the  Pie- 
montaise ceased  firing,  and  bore  up,  leaving  her  antagonist 
with  her  main-topsail-yard  cut  in  two,  main-royal-mast  shot 
away,  and  her  standing  and  running  rigging  so  much  cut  as 
to  disable  her  for  the  time  from  making  sail  in  chase.  The 
San  Fiorenzo's  loss  on  this  day  amounted  to  eight  seamen 
and  marines  killed,  and  fourteen  wounded. 

Her  damages  being  repaired,  the  San  Fiorenzo  was  again 
under  a  crowd  of  sail  in  pursuit  of  the  Piemontaise,  of  which 
she  managed  to  keep  sight  during  the  night,  and  at  daylight 
on  the  8th  the  enemy  was  about  four  miles  distant,  bearing 
east.  At  9h.  a.m.  the  San  Fiorenzo  bore  up  under  all  sail 
for  the  Piemontaise,  which  ship  did  not  on  this  occasion 
appear  desirous  of  avoiding  an  action ;  but  perceiving  that 
the  intention  of  the  British  frigate  was  to  gain  the  weather 
gage,  the  Piemontaise  hauled  to  the  wind  and  tacked.  At 
4h.  p.m.  the  two  ships,  passing  on  opposite  tacks  within 
eighty  yards,  recommenced  the  action,  and  at  the  second 
broadside  a  grape-shot  killed  Captain  Hardinge,  when  the 
command  of  the  San  Fiorenzo  devolved  on  Lieutenant 
William  Dawson.      The    Piemontaise   having   reached   her 


220  CAPTURE    OF   THE    PIEMONTAISE.  [1808. 

opponent's  beam,  wore  round,  and  a  close  engagement  ensued, 
which  lasted  till  5h.  49m.,  when  her  rigging  and  sails  being 
cut  to  pieces,  and  her  lower  masts  and  bowsprit  badly 
wounded,  the  French  ship  surrendered,  in  token  of  which 
some  of  the  crew  waved  their  hats.  The  loss  of  the  San 
Fiorenzo  in  the  third  day's  action  amounted  to  five,  in- 
cluding the  captain  killed,  and  Lieutenant  George  Moysey 
(severely),  and  seven  men  wounded  ;  total,  in  three  days  : 
13  killed  and  2-3  wounded.  The  Piemontaise  had  on  board 
200  lascars  and  prisoners,  which  augmented  her  crew  to  566 
men,  of  whom  forty-eight  were  killed  and  112  wounded.  The 
San  Fiorenzo,  when  she  commenced  the  action,  mustered  only 
186  men  and  boys  at  quarters. 

According  to  the  Gazette  letter,  the  Piemontaise  mounted 
fifty  guns — long  18-pounders  on  the  main  deck,  and  36- 
j)ounder  carronades  on  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle.  The 
metal  of  the  San  Fiorenzo,  though  not  equal  to  this,  was 
such  as  would  have  rendered  her,  had  she  been  fully  manned, 
an  eligible  opponent  for  the  French  frigate ;  but  with  her 
reduced  and  sickly  crew,  the  advantage  possessed  by  the 
enemy  was  very  great.  Moreau,  the  second  captain,  who  it 
will  be  remembered  made  himself  notorious  by  his  savage 
and  drunken  brutality  to  Captain  Larkins,1  dreading  to 
meet  the  countrymen  of  him  whom  he  had  treated  so  infa- 
mously, is  said  to  have  leaped  overboard  just  before  the  boat 
of  the  San  Fiorenzo  arrived  alongside  to  take  possession  of 
the  prize. 

On  the  9th,  all  three  lower  masts  of  the  prize  fell  over  the 
side ;  but  being  taken  in  tow  by  the  British  frigate,  the  two 
ships  on  the  13th  anchored  in  the  Roads  of  Colombo,  amidst 
the  cheers  and  congratulations  of  all  present.  At  this 
place,  the  remains  of  the  noble  Hardinge  were  interred  with 
all  the  honours  which  could  be  observed.  Lieutenant  Daw- 
son, in  his  official  letter,  mentions  in  high  terms  the  conduct 
of  Lieutenants  Edward  Davis  and  George  Moysey,  and  the 
master,  William  Donovan,  also  of  Lieutenant  Samuel  Ash- 
more,  in  command  of  the  marines.  The  Piemontaise  was 
added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  same  name,  as  an 
18-pounder  38-gun  frigate.     A  sword  of  100  guineas'  value 

1  See  p.  169,  ante. 


1808.]  BOATS  OF   EMERALD   AT   VIVERO.  221 

was  presented  to  Lieutenant  Dawson  by  the  Patriotic  Fund 
in  testimony  of  his  gallant  and  skilful  conduct  on  the  death 
of  his  captain.  The  naval  medal  was  also  granted,  in  1847, 
to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  13th  of  March,  while  the  36-gun  frigate  Emerald, 
Captain  Frederick  L.  Maitland,  was  cruising  off  the  north 
coast  of  Spain,  a  large  French  schooner  was  discovered  lying 
in  the    harbour  of  Vivero,   when  the  frigate   stood  in  to 
attempt  her  destruction.     At  5h.  30m.  p.m.,  two  forts,  one 
mounting  eight  and  the  other  five  24-pounders,  opened  on 
the  frigate,  and  Captain  Maitland,  anxious  to  prevent  the 
enemy  from    making  any  further  dispositions  for  defence, 
despatched  a  party  of  seamen  and  marines,  under  Lieutenant 
Charles  Bertram,  with  Lieutenants  of  marines  Giles  Meech 
and  John  Husband,  Masters'  mates  Matthew  Mildridge  and 
Edward    Saurin,   to    storm    the    outer   battery,  while    the 
Emerald  stood  in  and  engaged  the  inner  one.    The  Spaniards 
were  speedily  driven  out  of  the  right-hand  fort,  by  the  de- 
tachment under  Lieutenant  Bertram,  and  the  guns  spiked; 
while  the  Emerald's  third  lieutenant,  William  Smith,  at  the 
head  of  another  party,  proceeded  to  attack  the  fort,  which 
the  Emerald  was  engaging  on  the  left.     On  landing  about 
a  mile  below  the  fort,  Lieutenant  Smith's  party  was  opposed 
by  a  body  of  soldiers ;  but  after  a  scuffle  the  enemy  re- 
treated, closely  pursued  by  the  British,  who  by  these  means 
missed  their  way  to  the  fort,  and  returned.     In  the  mean 
while,  however,  the  fort  had  been  silenced  by  the  fire  of  the 
frigate.      Daniel    Baird,    midshipman,    was    despatched    by 
Lieutenant   Bertram  to  board  the   schooner,  which,  having 
been  run  on  the  rocks  by  her  crew,  was  surrounded  by  the 
men  posted  among  the  rocks,  who  vigorously  engaged  the 
British  party  ;  but  Lieutenant  Bertram  coming  up  to  the 
support  of  Mr.  Baird,  the  French  were  quickly  dispersed. 
The  schooner,  which  was  the  Apropos,  of  eight  12-pounder 
carronades,  and  a  complement   of  seventy  men,   from  the 
Isle  of  France  with  despatches,  having  gone  on  shore  at  high 
water,  it  was  found  impossible   to  bring  off,  and  she.  was 
therefore  set  on  fire,  and  at  lh.  a.m.  on  the  14th  blew  up. 
Nine  seamen  and  marines  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Ber- 
tram (severely),  both  lieutenants  of  marines,  Mr.  Mildridge, 
and  eleven  seamen  and  marines  wounded.     Lieutenant  Ber- 


222  CHILDERS   AND    LOUGEN.  [1808. 

tram  was  for  his  gallantry  promoted  to  the  rank  of  com- 
mander. Ke wards  were  conferred  on  the  abovenamed 
officers  by  the  Patriotic  Fund.     A  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  14th  of  March,  the  brig-sloop  Childers,1  armed 
with  fourteen  12-pounder  carronades,  Commander  William 
Henry  Dillon,  while  cruising  in  the  Baltic,  fought  a  very 
gallant  action  with  the  Danish  18-pounder  18-gun  brig 
Lougen.  After  engaging  for  some  time,  the  Childers,  owing 
to  the  injury  she  had  sustained  from  the  heavy  armament  of 
the  Lougen,  and  being  unable  to  bring  the  latter  to  close 
quarters,  was  under  the  necessity  of  discontinuing  the  action, 
and  to  put  into  Leith.  Out  of  a  crew  of  only  fifty-six  men 
and  boys,  the  Childers  had  her  clerk,  Joseph  Roberts,  and 
one  seaman  killed ;  and  her  commander  (severely),  John 
Batten  and  Charles  Parker,  midshipmen,  and  six  men 
wounded.  Previously  to  this,  the  boats  of  the  Childers  cut 
out  a  galliot  from  the  port  of  Midbe.  A  sword  of  100 
guineas'  value  was  presented  to  Commander  Dillon  by  the 
Patriotic  Fund ;  and  he  was  shortly  afterwards  promoted. 
This  is  a  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  22nd  of  March,  the  Danish  74-gun  ship  Prindtz 
Christian  Frederick,  Captain  Jessen,  was  chased  and  driven 
on  shore  near  Greenall,  on  the  coast  of  Jutland,  by  the 
64-gun  ships  Stately  and  Nassau,  Captains  George  Parker 
and  Robert  Campbell.  The  ship  surrendered  before  taking 
the  ground ;  and  as  soon  as  the  prisoners  were  removed,  it 
being  found  impracticable  to  get  the  ship  afloat,  she  was  set 
on  fire  and  destroyed.  The  Stately's  loss  amounted  to  two 
seamen  and  two  marines  killed ;  and  Lieutenant  Edward 
Cole,  the  boatswain,  John  Limming,  James  Davis,  master's 
mate,  twenty-three  seamen,  and  two  marines  wounded. 
The  Nassau  had  one  seaman  killed,  one  missing,  and  sixteen 
wounded.  The  loss  on  board  the  Danish  ship  amounted  to 
fifty-five  killed  and  eighty-eight  wounded. 

On  the  15th  of  March,  about  sixty  miles  to  the  southward 
of  Ceylon,  the  32-gun  frigate  Terpsichore  (on  account  of  her 
weakness  mounting  only  twenty-six  long  12-pounders  and 
two  6- pounders),  Captain  William  Augustus  Montagu,  dis- 

1  This  brig,  measuring  only  202  tons,  was  built  in  1778,  and  her  force 
was  so  paltry  that  the  merchants  at  Leith  refused  to  put  their  vessels 
hound  to  Gottenberg  under  her  protection. 


1808.]  TERPSICHORE   AND    SEMILLANTE.  223 

covered,  on  the  weather  beam,  a  strange  ship  under  a  press 
of  sail.  The  stranger,  which  was  the  French  36-gun  frigate 
Semillante,  Captain  Motard,  taking  the  Terpsichore  for  an 
Indiaman,  hoisted  English  colours,  and  closing  with  her  at 
6h.  45m.  p.m.,  commenced  action  at  the  distance  of  100 
yards.  The  engagement  lasted  until  7h.  10m.,  when  some 
combustible  matter,  thrown  on  board  the  Terpsichore,  com- 
municated to  the  cartridge-boxes  on  the  main  deck,  and 
occasioned  a  very  destructive  explosion,  which  set  the  ship 
on  fire,  and  completely  unmanned  three  guns.  The  enemy 
then  endeavoured  to  escape ;  but  the  Terpsichore  making- 
sail  in  chase,  the  action  was  renewed  at  7h.  20m.  After  a 
short  time,  the  Semillante  again  made  sail  to  the  south-west. 
The  Terpsichore  had  suffered  so  much  aloft,  and  her  masts 
were  so  badly  wounded,  that  it  was  found  impracticable 
to  follow  her  antagonist  for  nearly  an  hour,  when  sail  was 
again  made  in  chase.  At  midnight  the  two  ships  were  about 
a  mile  and  a  half  asunder.  During  the  16th,  17th,  and 
18th,  the  Semillante  gradually  increased  her  distance,  and  at 
sunset  on  the  last-named  day  was  no  longer  in  sight.  On 
the  next  morning  the  French  frigate  was  again  seen,  and  on 
the  20th,  at  lOh.  30m.  a.m.,  a  heavy  squall  favouring  the 
Terpsichore  again  brought  her  within  shot  of  the  Semil- 
lante ;  but  the  latter  opening  a  fire  from  her  stern-chasers, 
and  by  cutting  away  her  stern-boat,  starting  water,  and 
throwing  a  quantity  of  lumber  overboard,  finally  succeeded 
in  evading  her  gallant  pursuer.  The  Terpsichore,  in  her 
action,  sustained  a  loss  (chiefly  by  the  explosion)  of  Lieu- 
tenant Charles  Jones  and  twenty  men  killed,  and  twenty- 
two  wounded  (two  mortally).  The  loss  of  the  Semillante  is 
not  mentioned.1 

1  The  Semillante  was,  upon  the  whole,  most  fortunate.  After  running- 
the  gauntlet  of  the  British  squadron  in  the  East  Indies,  this  ship,  in 
company  with  the  frigate  privateer  Bellone,  reached  Port  Louis,  Isle  of 
Prance,  in  the  month  of  November,  1805.  Here  she"  was  blockaded  by 
the  32-gun  frigate  Pitt,  Captain  Walter  Bathurst,  and  by  the  Terpsichore. 
On  the  27th  January,  1806,  the  two  French  frigates  evaded  the  Pitt  and 
put  to  sea,  when  they  steered  for  Isie  Bourbon  ;  from  thence  the  Semil- 
lante returned  to  Port  Louis  unobserved.  On  the  21st  November,  1807, 
after  having  undergone  various  adventures  and  being  deprived,  by  cap- 
ture, of  her  consorts,  the  Semillante  was  stretching  over  towards  the  Isle 
of  France,  when  she  was  observed  from  the  12-pounder  36-gun  frigate 


22-i  DAPHNE,    ETC.    AT    FLODSTRANDT.  [1808. 

On  the  night  of  the  22nd  of  March,  the  18-pounder  36-gun 
frigate  Aigle,  Captain  George  Wolfe,  belonging  to  a  squadron 
watching  the  port  of  L'Orient,  chased  two  French  frigates, 
and  followed  and  partly  assisted  by  the  74-gun  ship  Inipe- 
tueux,  Captain  John  Lawford,  on  the  23rd  drove  on  shore 
one  of  them  (supposed  to  have  been  the  36-gun  frigate 
Seine)  on  the  Pointe  des  Chats,  near  L'Orient,  where  the 
ship  was  seriously  damaged.  The  conduct  of  Captain  Wolfe 
throughout  the  chase  was  exceedingly  gallant ;  and  the 
captain  himself  (in  the  left  arm  and  hip),  Lieutenant  John 
Lambe,  and  twenty  seamen  and  marines  were  wounded, 
seven  severely.  The  loss  .on  board  the  French  frigates  was 
supposed  to  have  been  heavy. 

On  the  23rd  of  April,  the  20-gun  ship  Daphne,  Captain 
Francis  Mason ;  1 8-gun  sloop  Tartarus,  Commander  William 
Russell;  and  gun-brig  Forward,  Lieutenant  Daniel  Shiels, 
discovered  a  Danish  convoy  at  Flodstrandt,  on  the  coast  of 
Denmark,  laden  with  provisions  for  the  relief  of  Norway, 
consisting  of  seven  brigs,  three  galliots,  and  a  sloop.  The 
vessels  were  secured  to  the  shore  by  hawsers,  and  protected 
by  a  strong  fort,  mounting  ten  guns.  The  boats,  under  the 
orders  of  Lieutenant  William  Elliott,  with  Hugh  Stewart, 
master,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Richard  Boger,  Midshipmen 
George  Beazely,  James  Durrell,  Thomas  Elliott,  George  Moore, 
and  George  H.  Ayton,  of  the  Daphne ;  and  Lieutenants 
Richard  Gittings  and  William  Patterson,  Midshipmen  John 
Septford,  Charles  Lutman,  and  Francis  Andrews,  of  the 
Tartarus,  were  towed  near  the  shore  by  the  Forward.  The 
approach  of  the  boats  being  discovered,  the  Danes  aban- 
doned their  vessels ;  but  as  soon  as  the  boats'  crews  had 
boarded,  a  heavy  fire  of  grape  and  musketry  was  opened 
upon  them  from  the  castle,  another  battery  of  three  guns, 

De"daigneuse,  Captain  William  B.  Proctor.  Unfortunately,  however, 
the  Dedaigneuse  was  in  very  bad  sailing  condition,  or  the  cruise  of  the 
Semillante  might  have  been  at  an  end.  The  Dedaigneuse  continued  the 
chase  while  there  was  a  prospect  of  success,  but  the  French  frigate  suc- 
ceeded in  reaching  Port  Louis.  The  Semillante,  after  her  action  with 
the  Terpsichore,  being  found  too  weak  to  carry  her  armament,  shipped  a 
cargo  of  colonial  produce,  and  thus  valuably  freighted  reached  in  safety 
a  port  of  France  in  February,  1809.  Captain  Motard  deserved  the 
highest  praise  for  the  ability  displayed  by  him  throughout  his  long 
voyage. 


1808.]  SPANISH    CONVOY    ATTACKED    OFF    CADIZ.  225 

and  from  the  crews  of  the  vessels  drawn  up  on  the  beach. 
The  ten  vessels  were,  notwithstanding,  brought  out.  Lieu- 
tenant Elliott,  Mr.  Stewart,  master  of  the  Daphne,  and 
three  men  were  wounded. 

On  the  4th  of  April,  while  the  38-gun  frigate  Alceste, 
Captain  Murray  Maxwell ;  28-gun  frigate  Mercury,  Captain 
James  A.  Gordon;  and  18-gun  brig  Grasshopper,  Commander 
Thomas  Searle,  lay  at  anchor  about  three  miles  from  St.  Se- 
bastian light-house,  near  Cadiz,   a  large  convoy,   protected 
by  twenty  gun-boats  and  a  train   of  flying  artillery,  was 
observed  coming  down  close  under  the  land  from  the  north- 
ward.    At  3h.  p.m.,  just  as  the  Spanish  convoy  was  abreast 
of  Rota  Point,  the  Alceste  and  squadron  weighed  and  stood 
towards  the  enemy's  vessels,  and  at  4h.,  the  shot  and  shells 
passing  over  them,   the   British  vessels  opened  their   fire. 
The  frigates  devoted  their  principal  attention  to  the  gun- 
boats, while  the  brig  was  stationed  upon  the  shoal,  to  the 
southward  of  the  town,  and  so  close  to  the  batteries  as  to 
drive  the  Spaniards  from  their  guns  by  discharges  of  grape 
from  her  carronades,  which  also  kept  a  division  of  gun-boats 
in  check,  that  had  come  out  of  Cadiz  to  assist  those  with 
the  convoy.     The  conduct  of  the  Grasshopper  is  thus  noticed 
in  the    official   letter  of  Captain  Maxwell :    "  It  was  the 
general  cry  in  both  ships,  '  Only  look  how  nobly  the  brig 
behaves.'"     The  first  lieutenant  of  the  Alceste  (Allen  Stew^ 
art)  having  volunteered  to  go  in  with  the  boats  and  board 
the  convoy,  Captain  Maxwell  sent  them  under  that  officer, 
accompanied  by  Lieutenants  of  marines  Philip  Pipon  and 
Richard  Hawkey ;  Master's  mates  James  Arscott  and  Tho- 
mas Day ;  Midshipmen  J.  S.  Parker,  Thomas  Adair,  Charles 
Croker,  Abraham  McCaul,  and  Thomas  H.  McLean.     The 
boats  of  the  Mercury,  under  Lieutenant  Watkin  O.  Pell, 
with  Lieutenant  Robert  J.  Gordon,  Lieutenant  of  marines 
James  Whylock,   Master's    mates   Charles   Du   Cane    and 
Mam-ice  K.  Comyn,  soon  followed,  and  dashing  in  among 
the  convoy,  notwithstanding  the  tremendous  fire  kept  up  by 
the   batteries   and   from   the   gun-boats  and   boats   of  the 
enemy's  squadron  in  Cadiz,  seven  tartans  were  brought  out, 
two  gun-boats  destroyed,  and  several  others  driven  on  shore! 
This  very  gallant  service,  performed  at  the  entrance  of  Cadiz, 
and  in  sight  of  eleven  sail  of  the  line,  was  attended  with  the 
VOL.  II.  o 


226  ATTACK   ON   THE   GAROTTA.  [1808. 

comparatively  small  loss  of  one  man  mortally  and  two 
slightly  wounded  on  board  the  Grasshopper,  and  none  in  the 
boats.  The  brig  was  hulled  in  several  places,  and  was  much 
damaged  in  masts,  rigging,  and  sails.  The  naval  medal  is 
granted  for  this  action  to  all  three  ships. 

The  12-pouDder  36-gun  frigate  Nymphe,  Captain  Conway 
Shipley,  and  18-gun  sloop  Blossom,  Commander  George 
Pigot,  cruising  off  Lisbon,  obtained  intelligence  that  the 
20-gun  brig  Garotta,  fitted  out  by  the  French,  and  manned 
with  150  men,  was  lying  above  Belem  Castle,  ready  for  sea. 
Captain  Shipley  himself  rowed  into  the  Tagus  in  the  night 
to  reconnoitre  her  position,  and  having  ascertained  it,  de- 
termined to  attempt  her  capture.  The  boats  of  both  ships, 
under  the  command  of  Captain  Shipley,  after  making  two 
attempts  to  proceed  on  this  service,  on  the  night  of  the 
23rd  of  April,  put  off  from  the  Nymphe,  at  9h.  p.m.  The 
whole  force  comprised  eight  boats,  and  150  officers  and  men, 
in  two  divisions ;  the  larboard  division  consisted  of  the 
Nymphe's  gig,  Captain  Shipley ;  her  large  cutter,  Lieutenant 
Bichard  Standish  Haly ;  launch,  Lieutenant  Thomas  Hoclg- 
kinson ;  and  barge,  Michael  Baven,  master's  mate.  The 
other  division  included  the  Blossom's  gig,  Commander  Pigot ; 
the  first  cutter,  Lieutenant  John  Undrell ;  launch,  Lieu- 
tenant William  Cecil;  and  the  Nymphe's  small  cutter, 
Thomas  Hill,  master's  mate.  To  prevent  separation,  orders 
were  given  for  the  boats  to  tow  each  other  until  discovered 
by  the  enemy,  when  they  were  to  cast  off  and  make  the 
best  of  their  way  alongside — the  larboard  division  to  board 
on  the  larboard  side,  and  the  starboard  division  on  the  star- 
board side.  As  in  the  event  of  success  the  captors  might 
have  some  diificulty  in  avoiding  the  dangerous  shoals,  Henry 
Andrews,  master  of  the  Nymphe,  was  stationed  in  the  jolly- 
boat,  upon  the  northern  extremity  of  the  South  Catchop, 
near  Bogue  Fort,  to  hoist  a  light  on  the  approach  of  the 
brig. 

The  boats  reached  the  entrance  of  the  Tagus  in  good 
order,  near  the  top  of  high  water ;  but  Captain  Shipley, 
anxious  to  secure  a  good  tide  to  bring  off  the  prize,  waited 
until  the  tide  slacked,  hoping  to  board  before  the  ebb  made 
strong.  Unhappily,  the  flood  had  no  sooner  ceased  than  a 
fresh  in  the  river,  caused  by  the  heavy  rains,  came  down  at 


1808.]  DEATH    OF   CAPTAIN   SHIPLEY.  227 

the  rate  of  six  or  eight  miles  an  hour.  The  boats,  however, 
at  about  2h.  30m.  a.m.,  got  within  hail  of  the  brig  (which 
was  lying  moored  close  under  the  guns  of  Beleni  Castle, 
having  in  addition,  and  for  her  protection,  a  heavy  floating 
battery),  and  the  signal  was  given  to  cast  off  and  proceed  to 
board.  In  an  instant  the  gallant  Captain  Shipley,  in  his 
gig,  darted  from  his  companions,  and,  in  a  few  minutes, 
having  jumped  into  the  fore-rigging  of  the  C4arotta,  was  in 
the  act  of  cutting  away  the  boarding-netting,  when  he 
received  a  musket-ball  in  ohe  forehead,  and  fell  dead  into 
the  river.  The  captain's  brother,  Mr.  Charles  Shipley,  a 
volunteer  on  the  occasion,  immediately  ordered  the  men  to 
shove  off  in  the  gig,  and  endeavour  to  pick  up  the  captain. 
In  dropping  astern,  the  gig  unfortunately  got  foul  of  the 
cutter,  Lieutenant  Haly,  then  in  the  act  of  boarding  on  the 
larboard  quarter ;  the  cutter,  in  her  turn,  dropped  foul  of 
the  launch,  and  all  three  boats  fell  foul  of  a  caulking  stage, 
moored  astern  of  the  brig.  The  cutter,  having  got  clear 
of  the  other  boats,  then  endeavoured  to  regain  her  station 
alongside  the  brig  ;  but,  the  tide  coming  down  like  a  sluice, 
this  was  found  utterly  impossible,  and  the  boats  were  obliged 
to  yield  to  it  and  relinquish  the  enterprise.  One  seaman 
was  killed  in  the  cutter,  and  William  Moriarty,  midship- 
man, and  one  marine  wounded.  The  starboard  division  did 
not  get  near  enough,  or  make  any  attempt,  to  board. 

The  body  of  the  brave  Captain  Shipley  was  shortly  after- 
wards washed  on  shore  and  recovered,  when  it  was  found 
that  his  wound  was  quite  sufficient  to  have  caused  his 
death,  and  that  it  was  not  in  any  degree  accelerated  by  his 
having  fallen  overboard.1  The  loss  of  Captain  Shipley  was 
deeply  deplored.  "  No  man  ever  possessed  in  a  greater 
degree,"  says  a  writer  in  the  Naval  Chronicle  (vol.  xx. 
p.  289),  "  the  power  of  inspiring  all  whom  he  commanded 
with  sentiments  similar  to  his  own ;  what  those  sentiments 
were,  his  life,  short,  alas !  as  it  was,  and  his  glorious  fall, 
have  revealed." 

On  the  23rd  of  April,  the  18-gun  brig  Grasshopper,  Com- 

1  It  is  a  well-known  fact,  that  not  one  man  in  thirty  who  falls  over- 
board in  the  Tagus,  when  the  tide  is  running,  is  ever  recovered  :  the 
numerous  and  powerful  eddies  immediately  draw  the  body  below  the 
surface. 

Q2 


228  GOREE   WITH    FRENCH    CORVETTES.  [1808. 

mander  Thomas  Searle,  accompanied  by  the  14-gun  brig 
Rapid,  Lieutenant  Henry  Baugh,  cruising  off  Faro,  on  the 
coast  of  Portugal,  chased  two  Spanish  vessels,  protected  by 
four  gun-boats,  which  took  shelter  under  a  battery  near 
Faro.  The  brigs  having  anchored  within  grape-shot  of  the 
battery  and  gun-boats,  after  a  severe  action  of  two  hours 
and  a  half,  drove  on  shore  two  of  the  latter,  compelled  the 
remaining  two  to  surrender,  and  the  Spaniards  to  quit  their 
guns.  The  two  vessels,  which  were  from  South  America, 
and  contained  cargoes  valued  at  £30,000  each,  were  taken 
possession  of  and  brought  out,  as  well  as  the  two  gun-boats. 
The  Grasshopper  had  one  seaman  killed,  her  captain  (slightly) 
and  three  seamen  severely  wounded  ;  and  the  Rapid,  three 
seamen  wounded.  The  loss  on  board  the  captured  gun-boats 
amounted  to  forty  in  killed  and  wounded.  Captain  Searle, 
in  his  official  letter,  spoke  in  high  terms  of  Lieutenant 
William  Outfield,  also  of  the  master,  Henry  Bell,  and  the 
purser,  Thomas  Bastin  :  the  former,  for  conducting  the  brig 
under  the  batteries  ;  and  the  latter,  for  having,  in  the  absence 
of  the  second  lieutenant,  taken  charge  of  the  aftermost  guns. 
Commander  Searle  and  Lieutenant  Baugh  were  promoted, 
and  the  naval  medal  has  been  granted  to  those  engaged. 

On  the  22nd  of  April,  at  6h.  a.m.,  the  Gor6e,  of  eighteen 
long  sixes  and  eight  12-pounder  carronades,  with  a  crew  of 
120  men  and  boys,  Captain  Joseph  Spear,  lying  at  anchor  in 
Grande  Bourg  Bay,  Marie  Galante,  discovered  the  French 
16-gun  corvettes  Palinure  and  Pilade,  bearing  south-east. 
After  making  a  signal  for  an  enemy  to  the  18-gun  brig 
Superieure,  Commander  Andrew  Hodge,  at  anchor  a  few 
miles  to  the  north-west,  the  Goree,  at  9h.  a.m.,  slipped,  and, 
with  a  breeze  at  east-south-east,  stood  off  shore  towards  the 
corvettes,  which  hove  to  and  awaited  her  coining  up.  At 
lOh.  a.m.  an  action  commenced  within  pistol-shot,  which  had 
lasted  about  an  hour,  when  the  Superieure  and  some  other 
vessels  approaching,  the  corvettes  bore  up  and  made  all  sail, 
leaving  the  Goree  with  her  fore  and  main  topsail-yards  shot 
away  in  the  slings,  and  all  her  masts  badly  wounded  ;  but 
with  only  one  man  killed  and  four  wounded.  The  enemy's 
vessels  had  sustained  a  loss  together  of  fifty  men  killed  and 
wounded.  The  Goree,  being  quite  disabled  for  present  action, 
also  bore  up  and  re-anchored  at  Marie  Galante.     By  noon 


1808.]       CAPTURE  OF  RONCO  AND  CONSORTS.         229 

the  Superieure  got  within  three  miles  of  the  corvettes, 
which  were  steering  for  the  Saintes,  and  before  they  reached 
the  anchorage  a  running  fight  took  place,  between  the  Supe- 
rieure and  the  Pilade,  which  was  continued  until  close  under 
the  batteries  on  the  Saintes,  when  the  Superieure  hauled  up, 
having  sustained  little  damage.  When  the  action  ceased,  the 
32-gun  frigate  Circe  and  18-gun  brig  Wolverine,  Captains 
Hugh  Pigot  and  Francis  Augustus  Collier,  were  within  two 
miles  of  the  Superieure. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  the  16-gun  sloop  Falcon,  Lieutenant 
John  Price,  being  off  the  island  of  Endelau,  observed  nine 
large  boats  hauled  up  on  the  beach.  Three  boats  were  sent 
in,  which  succeeded  in  burning  them,  although  defended  by- 
some  Danish  troops.  Lieutenant  Price,  learning  from  a 
market-boat  which  he  had  also  captured,  that  some  vessels 
laden  with  pieces  of  ordnance  intended  for  a  battery  con- 
structing at  the  entrance  of  Kyeholm  were  expected,  the 
boats  were  sent  away  every  night,  and  on  the  7th  of  May, 
under  the  command  of  James  Ellerton,  master  of  the  Falcon, 
they  fell  in  with  and  attacked  two  vessels,  anchored  close 
under  the  batteries  of  Lindholm,  which  were  instantly 
boarded  and  carried  without  loss.  One  boat  was  brought 
safely  out ;  but  the  other,  containing  a  13-inch  mortar  and 
400  shells,  grounding,  was  destroyed. 

On  the  2nd  of  May,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Unite, 
Captain  Patrick  Campbell,  captured,  in  the  Gulf  of  Venice, 
the  Italian  16-gun  brig  Ronco  ;  and  on  the  31st  of  the  same 
month,  the  Unite  discovered  and  chased  three  other  Italian 
brigs  of  war,  two  of  which  were  captured  after  a  long  and 
arduous  pursuit.  The  three  brigs,  being  fine  vessels  of 
about  340  tons  each,  were  added  to  the  British  navy,  under 
the  respective  names  of  Tuscan,  Cretan,  and  Roman. 

On  the  7th  of  May,  at  daylight,  the  18-gun  brig  Redwing, 
Commander  Thomas  Ussher,  cruising  off'  Cape  Trafalgar, 
discovered  a  Spanish  convoy,  protected  by  seven  armed 
vessels,  mounting  in  all  twenty-two  heavy  long  guns,  with 
crews  to  the  number  of  271  men,  coming  down  along-shore. 
The  wind  being  very  light,  the  Redwing  was  unable  to  close 
with  them  until  7h.  a.m.,  when,  having  arrived  within  point- 
blank  shot,  the  Spanish  gun-boats  furled  their  sails  and  swept 
towards  the  brig,  as  if   with   the   intention   of   boarding. 


230  WIZARD   AND    REQUIN.  [1808# 

Having  arrived  within  musket-shot,  the  Redwing  opened  a 
spirited  and  well-directed  fire,  which  was  so  admirably  kept 
up,  that  the  gun-boats,  panic-stricken,  retreated  and  ran  on 
shore  on  the  rocks,  and  a  great  portion  of  their  crews 
perished  in  the  heavy  surf,  notwithstanding  the  noble  exer- 
tions of  the  Redwing's  boats'  crews  to  save  them.  Four 
merchant  vessels  were  sunk  by  the  fire  of  the  Redwing,  and 
seven  others  and  a  4-gun  mistico  captured ;  but  two  with  a 
gun-boat  effected  their  escape.  Only  one  seaman  was  wounded 
on  board  the  Redwing ;  but  her  lower  masts  were  both  struck 
by  24-pound  shot,  and  her  rigging  and  sails  much  damaged. 
In  the  boats  of  the  brig  one  seaman  was  killed,  and  John 
Davis,  master,  Robert  L.  Horniman,  purser,  and  one  seaman 
were  wounded.  The  weather  and  every  circumstance  greatly 
favoured  the  operations  of  the  gun-boats,  and  nothing  but  a 
high  state  of  skill  and  discipline  on  board  the  Redwing 
could  have  brought  about  so  favourable  a  termination.  The 
naval  medal  is  granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  10th  of  May,  the  16-gnn  brig  Wizard,  Com- 
mander Abel  Ferris,  being  in  latitude  40°  30'  north,  longi- 
tude 6°  34'  east,  with  the  wind  at  west,  discovered  and 
chased  a  brig  to  leeward,  bearing  east-north-east,  and  steering 
to  the  southward  under  all  sail.  This  vessel  was  the  French 
brig  Requin,  of  equal  force,  Captain  Berard.  The  pursuit  con- 
tinued throughout  the  day  and  night ;  but,  on  the  11th,  at 
Ih.  a.m.,  the  wind  diedaway,and  the  Wizard's  crew  had  recoiu^se 
to  the  sweeps,  by  which  she  was  enabled  to  get  sufficiently 
near  at  7h.  45m.  for  the  Requin  to  fire  her  stern-chasers. 
The  Wizard,  having  hoisted  her  colours,  returned  the  fire, 
and  at  9h.  the  French  brig  rounded  to,  with  her  studding 
sails  set,  and  fired  her  broadside,  which  enabled  the  Wizard 
to  pass  under  her  opponent's  stern,  and,  after  raking  her,  to 
take  a  position  on  the  Requin's  lee  quarter.  The  action 
continued  with  much  spirit  on  both  sides,  until  lOh.  30m., 
when  the  Requin  filled  and  made  sail.  Although  the  Wizard 
had  received  much  injury  to  her  masts,  sails,  and  rigging,  the 
pursuit  was  prosecuted  with  untiring  energy,  the  crew  mean- 
while knotting  and  replacing  the  standing  and  running 
rigging,  and  fishing  the  wounded  spars. 

The  crew  passed  the  second  night  at  their  quarters,  work- 
ing at  the  sweeps,  whenever  the  wind  fell  light,  and  on  the 


1808.]  CAPTURE   OF   THE   GRIFFON.  231 

12th,  at  6h.  lorn,  a.m.,  the  Wizard  had  approached  suffi- 
ciently near  to  fire  her  bow  guns;  but  her  opponent's  sailing- 
qualities  were  so  much  superior,  that  the  moment  a  breeze 
came,  the  Wizard  was  left  astern,  and  at  7h.  a  m.  was  again 
out  of  gun-shot.  At  midnight  the  brigs  were  about  two 
miles  and  a  half  apart,  and  the  AMcan  coast  right  ahead, 
distant  seven  or  eight  miles.  This  most  arduous  chase  con- 
tinued until  the  14th,  at  4h.  a.m.,  when  the  Requin  was 
right  ahead,  distant  about  two  miles  and  a  half,  steering  for 
Tunis  Bay,  which  she  reached  at  5h.  a.m.,  and  where,  this 
being  a  neutral  port,  she  lay  in  safety.  The  Wizard  stood 
into  the  bay  after  her,  and  passed  so  close  to  the  fugitive 
brig,  that  her  name,  "Le  Requin"  was  read  on  her  stern; 
after  which  she  made  sail  out  of  the  bay.  The  Wizard  was 
obliged  to  repair  to  Malta,  where  her  lower  masts  were 
shifted  and  a  new  main-yard  supplied.  One  man  was  killed 
and  five  wounded  on  board  her.  This  harassing  chase  of  370 
miles,  performed  in  light  airs  and  calms,  in  eighty-eight  hours, 
was  highly  creditable  to  the  Wizard's  crew ;  and  it  is  to  be 
regretted  that  the  brig's  dull  sailing  should  have  deprived 
them  of  the  prize  their  valour  and  skill  would  have  gained. 

On  the  11th  of  May,  the  20-gun  ship  Bacchante,  Captain 
Samuel  Hood  Inglefield,  cruising  off  Cuba,  brought  to  action 
the  French  16-gun  brig  Griffon,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
Gautier.  After  sustaining  a  running  action  of  thirty  minutes, 
by  which  time  she  was  within  200  yards  of  the  breakers  off 
the  Cape  Antonio,  the  colours  of  the  Griffon  were  hauled 
down. 

On  the  10th  of  May,  the  18-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Tartar, 
Captain  George  E.  B.  Bettesworth,  sailed  from  Leith  Roads, 
in  quest  of  the  Dutch  36-gun  frigate  Guelderland,  and  on 
the  12th  arrived  off  the  coast  of  Norway.  On  the  loth, 
the  Tartar  made  the  islands  to  the  westward  of  Bergen, 
and,  on  hoisting  Dutch  colours,  some  boats  came  off  from 
the  shore,  from  whom  Captain  Bettesworth  learnt  that  the 
Guelderland  and  convoy  had  sailed  some  days  previously  for 
the  East  Indies.  By  the  aid  of  the  men  who  came  off  in 
these  boats,  Captain  Bettesworth  was  enabled  to  conduct  the 
frigate  through  a  most  intricate  passage,  until  within  five  or 
six  miles  of  Bergen,  when  the  pilots  wisely  refused  to  take 
the  ship  nearer,  for  destruction  only  could  have  been  the 


232  TARTAR    AT    BERGEN.  [1808. 

result.  Determined,  however,  if  possible,  to  take  the  ship  off 
the  town  of  Bergen,  and  endeavour  to  cut  out  any  shipping 
that  might  be  in  the  harbour,  Captain  Bettesworth,  accom- 
panied by  his  first  lieutenant,  Thomas  Sykes,  and  the  master, 
John  Jervis  White,  left  the  ship  in  the  frigate's  boats,  and 
proceeded  towards  the  town.  The  boats  had  arrived  near 
Bergen,  when  the  guard-boat  attacked  them,  which  Lieutenant 
Sykes,  in  the  launch,  boarded  and  carried.  The  firing  thus 
occasioned  alarmed  the  town,  otherwise  a  large  Indiaman 
lying  under  a  battery  might  have  been  surprised  and  carried 
off.  Finding  nothing  likely  to  be  done  in  consequence  of  a 
chain  being  across  the  harbour's  mouth,  Captain  Bettesworth 
returned  to  the  ship,  leaving  the  launch  in  charge  of  Lieu- 
tenant Sykes,  to  watch  the  motions  of  the  Indiaman,  and 
take  her  if  possible.  Soon  afterwards  a  schooner  and  five 
gun-boats  quitted  the  harbour,  which  the  launch  for  a  time 
engaged  ;  but  the  gun-boats,  having  more  important  prey  in 
view,  made  all  speed  towards  the  frigate,  and  the  launch, 
under  the  guidance  of  two  fishermen,  pressed  by  Lieutenant 
Sykes,  made  the  best  of  her  way  after  them. 

Upon  the  arrival  of  Captain  Bettesworth  on  board  the 
Tartar,  she  was  got  underweigh  with  the  intention  of  pro- 
ceeding to  Bergen,  but  the  wind  died  away  before  she  was 
half  through  the  intricate  passage.  The  gun-boats  before 
mentioned  had  in  the  meanwhile  approached  within  half  gun- 
shot, and,  taking  their  position  on  the  Tartar's  bow,  kept  up 
a  well-directed  fire,  which  did  considerable  execution,  and  to 
which  no  adequate  return  could  be  made.  Captain  Bettes- 
worth, in  the  act  of  pointing  a  gun,  had  his  head  taken  off 
by  one  of  the  first  shot  fired.  Henry  Fitzburg,  midshipman, 
was  shot  nearly  at  the  same  time.  The  command  of  the 
ship,  in  the  absense  of  the  first  lieutenant,  then  devolved  on 
Lieutenant  Herbert  Caiger.  A  light  air  of  wind  springing 
up,  the  Tartar's  broadside  was  brought  to  bear  on  the  enemy, 
by  which  one  boat  was  sunk,  and,  after  some  firing,  the 
remainder  took  refuge  under  the  batteries  of  Bergen.  While 
returning  down  the  passage  she  had  entered,  the  Tartar 
picked  up  her  launch,  when  Lieutenant  Sykes  assumed  the 
command,  and,  under  the  guidance  of  the  Norwegian  fisher- 
men, extricated  the  ship  with  the  utmost  difficulty  from  her 
perilous  situation.    In  many  parts  the  channel  was  so  narrow 


1808.]  VIRGINIE   AND    GUELDERLAND.  233-. 

that  it  was  necessary  to  boom  the  frigate  off  the  rocks  with 
spars.  On  the  20th,  the  Tartar  returned  to  Leith  Roads 
with  the  body  of  Captain  Bettesworth  on  board. 

On  the  19th  of  May,  at  4h.  p.m.,  in  latitude  46°  north, 
longitude  14°  west,  the  38-gun  frigate  Yirginie,  Captain 
Edward  Brace,  while  standing  on  the  starboard  tack,  with 
the  Mind  at  north-east,  observed  and  chased  a  ship  right 
ahead.  At  4h.  30m.,  the  stranger,  which  was  the  Dutch 
12 -pounder  3G-gun  frigate  Guelderland,  Captain  Pool,  pre- 
viously alluded  to,  bore  up,  and  at  7h.  40m.,  the  Virginie 
having  nearecl  her,  both  ships  fired  a  gun,  and  the  Guelderland 
hoisted  French  colours.  At  9h.  45m.,  the  Guelderland, 
being  hailed  from  the  Virginie,  answered  that  she  was  a 
Dutch  ship  of  war  ;  upon  which  the  latter  commenced  firing, 
and,  after  an  action  of  an  hour  and  a  half  (during  which  the 
Guelderland  wore  three  times),  having  her  masts  and  bow- 
sprit shot  away,  and  sustained  a  loss  of  twenty-five  men 
killed  and  fifty  wounded,  including  her  commander,  the 
Guelderland  was  surrendered.  The  Virginie  had  only  one  man 
killed  and  two  wounded.  The  first  lieutenant  of  the  Virginie, 
John  Davis,  was  promoted  to  be  a  commander,  and  Nathaniel 
Norton,  midshipman,  made  lieutenant.  This  is  a  naval  medal 
action. 

On  the  12th  of  May,  the  18-pounder  32-gun  frigate 
Amphion,  Captain  William  Hoste,  being  on  her  way  from 
Toulon  to  Majorca,  discovered  a  frigate  lying  at  anchor  in 
the  Bay  of  Rosas,  under  the  protection  of  some  heavy 
batteries.  This  was  the  French  frigate-built  store-ship 
Baleine,  of  800  tons,  mounting  twenty-six  or  thirty  guns 
(probably  12-pounders),  with  a  crew  of  150  men.  At 
lOh.  10m.  a.m.  the  Baleine  hoisted  French  colours,  and 
at  lOh.  30m.  commenced  firing  on  the  Amphion  as  she 
approached,  as  did  also  a  battery  of  sixteen  long  24-pounders, 
on  the  left  of  Rosas,  Fort  Bouton,  which  mounted  several 
heavy  guns,  and  a  low  battery  of  eight  24-pounders,  on  the 
right-hand  side  of  the  bay.  The  Amphion,  having  to  work 
in,  returned  the  fire,  on  different  tacks,  as  she  best  could,  and 
at  llh.  the  Baleine  slipped  her  cables,  hoisted  her  staysails, 
and  ran  on  shore,  close  under  Fort  Bouton.  At  llh.  30m. 
the  Amphion  anchored,  with  springs  on  her  cable,  inside  the 
anchorage  which  the  Baleine  had  quitted,  when  she  opened 


234  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   BALEINE.  [1808. 

a  smart  fire  on  the  ship  and  batteries,  which  was  returned 
by  the  enemy,  who  fired  hot  shot,  some  of  which  set  the 
Amphion  on  fire.  At  lh.  30m.  p.m.  the  Baleine  was  observed 
to  be  in  flames,  and  some  of  her  crew  were  seen  escaping  to 
the  shore.  Supposing  that  she  had  surrendered,  Lieutenant 
William  Bennet  was  sent  in  the  jolly-boat  to  take  possession, 
but  on  his  approach  the  boat  was  fired  at.  Regardless  of  the 
shot,  Lieutenant  Bennet  and  his  boat's  crew  stood  up  in  the 
boat  and  gave  three  loud  cheers,  after  which  they  returned 
to  the  Amphion.  At  2h.  20m.  the  Amphion  cut  her  cable, 
and  made  sail  out  of  the  bay,  having  gallantly  effected  the 
irreparable  injury,  if  not  destruction,  of  the  French  ship. 
The  Amphion  had  one  man  killed  and  five  wounded. 

On  the  24th  of  May,  at  noon,  the  hired  armed  cutter 
Swan,  mounting  ten  12-pounder  carronades,  with  a  crew  of 
forty  men  and  boys,  Lieutenant  Mark  Robinson  Lucas,  being 
off*  the  island  of  Bornholm,  on  her  way  to  Sir  Samuel  Hood, 
with  despatches,  observed  a  cutter  under  the  land  standing 
towards  her.  The  Swan  hove  to,  and  hoisted  a  Dutch  jack 
for  a  pilot.  At  2h.  p.m.,  the  stranger  having  approached 
within  a  short  distance,  the  Swan  made  sail  in  chase,  and  at 
4h.  p.m.  arrived  within  shot,  when  the  cutter  opened  her  fire, 
and  the  battery  of  Bornholm  also  fired  at  the  Swan.  The 
stranger,  in  endeavouring  to  get  a  long  gun  aft,  to  bear  over 
her  tanrail  upon  her  pursuer,  came  up  in  the  wind,  and  by 
this  accident  enabled  the  Swan  to  get  within  musket-shot, 
and  after  an  action  of  twenty  minutes  her  opponent  blew  up 
and  sank.  The  Danish  cutter  appeared  to  have  been  a 
vessel  of  about  120  tons,  and  to  have  mounted  ten  guns. 
The  Swan  received  no  damage,  nor  had  she  a  man  hurt. 

On  the  4th  of  June,  during  a  calm,  the  14-gun  brig 
Tickler,  Lieutenant  John  Watson  Skinner,  being  in  the 
Great  Belt,  was  attacked  by  four  Danish  gun-boats,  and  after 
an  action  of  four  hours,  during  which  her  commander  and 
fourteen  seamen  were  killed  and  twenty-two  wounded,  out 
of  a  crew  of  fifty  men,  was  compelled  to  surrender. 

On  the  9th  of  June,  a  small  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
Thunder  bomb,  Captain  James  Caulfield,  and  gun-brigs 
Charger,  Piercer,  and  Turbulent,  Lieutenants  John  Aitkin 
Blow,  John  Sibrell,  and  George  Wood,  convoying  seventy 
sail  of  merchant  vessels,  was  attacked  off  the  south  end  of 


1808.]  ACTIONS   IN   THE   GREAT   BELT.  235 

Saitholm,  by  twenty-five  Danish  gun-vessels.  The  Turbulent, 
being  in  the  rear,  at  about  5h.  30m.  p.m.,  became  exposed  to 
a  heavy  fire,  to  which  the  best  return  was  made  from  her 
1 8-pounder  carronades.  The  Thunder  afforded  her  all  the 
assistance  possible,  and  by  a  discharge  of  rockets  and  one- 
pound  shells,  kept  the  enemy  at  bay  for  a  time ;  but  the 
Turbulent  was  at  length  surrounded  and  captured.  Taking 
their  prize  in  tow,  the  gun-vessels  pursued  the  Thunder ; 
but  the  latter  having  got  her  6-pounders  to  bear  out  of  her 
stern-ports,  and  having  cut  away  her  launch  and  jolly-boat 
(previously  knocked  to  pieces),  succeeded  in  beating  off  her 
pursuers,  and  the  Danes  retired,  after  securing  ten  or  twelve 
sail  of  the  convoy.  Lieutenant  Wood  was  honourably 
acquitted  for  the  loss  of  the  brig. 

On  the  evening  of  the  11th  of  June,  the  36-gun  frigate 
Euryalus,  Captain  the  Hon.  George  Heneage  L.  Dundas,  and 
1 8-gun  sloop  Cruiser,  Commander  George  Charles  Mackenzie, 
cruising  in  the  Great  Belt,  having  discovered  several  vessels 
at  anchor  near  the  shore,  four  boats,  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant  Michael  Head,  with  Francis  Wemyss,  James  W. 
O.  Ricketts,  Bernard  Yeoman,  Jacob  Richards,  Philip  Gay- 
more,  Richard  Moffat,  and  Edward  Loveday,  midshipmen, 
were  sent  to  destroy  them.  A  Danish  gun-boat,  mounting 
two  long  18-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  sixty-four  men,  lying 
moored  close  to  a  3 -gun  battery,  and  protected  by  a  body  of 
troops  on  the  beach,  was  boarded  and  brought  out,  and  two 
large  vessels,  fitted  as  troop-ships,  were  burnt.  In  the  Bri- 
tish boats  only  one  man  was  wounded,  but  the  Danes  had 
seven  men  killed  and  twelve  wounded.  A  sword  value  fifty 
guineas  was  presented  to  Lieutenant  Head,  by  the  Patriotic 
Fund. 

On  the  19th  of  June,  the  Naze  of  Norway  distant  seven 
or  eight  leagues,  the  16-gun  brig  Seagull,  mounting  fourteen 
24-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  sixes,  Commander 
Robert  Cathcart,  fell  in  with  the  Danish  20-gun  brig  Lougen, 
which  mounted  eighteen  long  18-pounders  and  two  long- 
sixes,  with  a  crew  of  160  men  (whose  action  with  the  Chil- 
ders  has  already  been  mentioned),  running  to  the  eastward 
with  a  fresh  westerly  breeze.  The  Seagull  made  all  sail  in 
chase,  and  at  4h.  30m.  p.m.,  having  arrived  within  range  of 
the  Lougen's  long  guns,   the  Danish  brig  commenced  the 


23G  SEAGULL   AND   LOUGEN.  |_1808i 

action.  The  wind  dying  away  about  this  time,  the  Seagull, 
by  means  of  her  sweeps,  got  sufficiently  near  to  use  her  car- 
ronades  with  effect,  and  at  5h.  was  enabled  to  return  the 
enemy's  fire  ;  but  her  sweeps  were,  after  a  short  time,  de- 
stroyed, and  her  standing  and  running  rigging  much  cut  by 
the  Lougen's  shot.  The  action  had  not  continued  more  than 
twenty  minutes,  when  six  Danish  gun-boats,  each  armed  with 
two  long  24-pounders,  and  a  crew  of  sixty  or  seventy  men, 
rowed  from  under  cover  of  the  rocks  towards  the  Seagull ; 
and,  taking  a  position  on  each  quarter,  raked  her  with  great 
execution,  while  the  Lougen  kept  up  a  constant  fire  on  the 
larboard  bow  with  equal  effect.  By  6h.  30m.  p.m.  five  of  the 
Seagull's  larboard  carronades  were  dismounted,  and  the  brig 
almost  unrigged  ;  she,  however,  continued  her  defence,  and, 
after  sustaining  the  fire  of  her  numerous  foes  until  7h.  30m. 
p.m.,  at  which  time  she  had  five  feet  water  in  the  hold,  the 
Seagull  struck  her  colours.  Out  of  a  crew  of  ninety-four 
men  the  Seagull  lost  her  second  lieutenant,  Abraham  B. 
White,  the  master,  Andrew  Martin,  three  seamen,  and  three 
marines  killed  ;  her  captain  severely,  Villiers  T.  Hatton,  first 
lieutenant,  dangerously,  Thomas  Wilson,  boatswain,  eleven 
seamen,  and  six  marines  wounded.  Total  :  eight  killed  and 
twenty  wounded.  Scarcely  was  the  Seagull  in  possession  of 
her  conquerors,  and  the  survivors  of  her  crew  removed,  when 
the  brig  went  down,  thus  affording  incontrovertible  evidence 
of  her  noble  defence.  Commander  Cathcart  was  promoted 
on  his  return  to  England,  but  Lieutenant  Hatton,  although 
highly  spoken  of  in  the  official  letter,  was  passed  over 

On  the  26th  of  June,  two  boats  of  the  64-gun  ship  Stan- 
dard, Captain  Thomas  Harvey,  cruising  off  the  island  of 
Corfu,  were  despatched,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Bichard  Cull,  and  Captain  of  marines  Edward  Nicolls,  in 
chase  of  an  Italian  gun-vessel  and  a  French  despatch-boat. 
After  a  row  of  two  hours,  exposed  to  a  hot  sun,  the  boats 
succeeded  in  getting  within  musket-shot  of  the  gun-boat 
Volpe,  mounting  one  long  4-pounder,  with  a  crew  of  twenty 
men,  which  was  boarded  by  Captain  Nicolls,  and  carried 
without  loss  ;  but  the  despatch-boat  escaped. 

On  the  23rd  of  June,  the  22-gun  ship  Porcupine,  Captain 
the  Hon.  Henry  Duncan,  drove  on  shore  and  destroyed  a 
French  vessel,  near  Civita  Yecchia.     On  the  9th  of  July, 


1808.]      BOATS   OF   THE   PORCUPINE    IN    THE    ADRIATIC.  237 

being  becalmed  under  Monte  Circello,  on  the  coast  of  Ro- 
mania, two  gun-boats  and  a  merchant  vessel  were  discovered 
running  down  under  the  land  to  the  westward,  which  were 
chased  under  the  guns  of  Port  d'Anzo,  by  the  boats  com- 
manded by  Lieutenant  George  Price.  The  boats  were  re- 
called, to  chase  three  other  vessels  coming  down  from  the 
westward,  but  were  not  able  to  prevent  these  from  joining 
the  gun-boats,  in  the  harbour  of  D'Anzo. 

One  of  these  latter  vessels,  a  large  6-gun  polacre,  being 
observed  farther  out  than  the  rest,  Captain  Duncan  deter- 
mined on  sending  the  boats  to  endeavour  to  capture  her,  and 
they  were  accordingly  despatched  on  the  10th,  at  night, 
under  Lieutenant  Price,  who  was  accompanied  by  Lieutenant 
Francis  Smith,  Lieutenant  of  marines  James  Benwick,  and 
B.  J.  Featherstone,  Charles  Adam,  John  O'Brien  Butler,  mid- 
shipmen, and  George  Anderson,  captain's  clerk.  The  vessel, 
whose  crew  consisted  of  thirty  men,  fully  prepared  for  the 
attack,  was  secured  to  the  beach  (which  was  lined  with  sol- 
diers), close  under  the  guns  of  two  batteries,  a  tower,  and 
three  gun-boats ;  but,  in  the  face  of  this,  the  gallant  assail- 
ants dashed  on,  and  in  a  short  time  were  in  full  possession 
of  the  polacre.  After  an  hour  and  twenty  minutes  of  hard 
and  hazardous  work,  the  prize  was  brought  out,  notwith- 
standing the  wind  was  light  and  baffling  ;  and  this  desperate 
service  was  effected  with  no  greater  injury  than  eight  men 
wounded,  including  Lieutenant  Price  (severely  on  the  head 
and  right  leg)  and  Mr.  Butler.  Lieutenant  Price  was  re- 
warded by  promotion.  Those  present  in  the  boats  are  en- 
titled to  the  naval  medal. 

Still  on  this  coast,  the  Porcupine,  on  the  21st  July,  drove 
on  shore,  near  Monte  Circello,  a  polacre  ship,  which  was 
destroyed  by  the  boats  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Francis  Smith  without  loss. 

On  the  8th  of  August  another  very  gallant  exploit  was 
performed,  at  the  island  of  Planosa,  by  the  Porcupine's  cut- 
ters and  jolly-boat,  in  which  were  Lieutenants  Smith  and 
Ben  wick,  and  Midshipmen  Henry  Parry,  Edward  Barry,  and 
G.  D.  Lane,  and  George  Anderson,  clerk.  Although  the 
polacre  ship  which  they  attacked  was  moored  within  thirty 
yards  of  a  battery  mounting  six  or  eight  guns,  which  opened 
a  heavy  fire  of  grape  upon  the  boats,  and  was  also  protected 


238  SEAHORSE   AND   TURKISH   SQUADRON.  [1808. 

by  a  party  of  soldiers  on  the  beach,  and  one  of  her  own  guns 
judiciously  placed,  she  was  boarded  and  carried,  with  the 
loss  of  one  seaman  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Benwick  and  one 
seaman  mortally,  and  seven  other  men  severely  or  mortally 
wounded.  The  prize  was  brought  out,  and  proved  to  be 
the  Concepcion,  of  four  guns,  from  Genoa,  bound  to  Cyprus. 

Towards  the  close  of  the  year  1807,  Vice- Admiral  Lord 
Collingwood  appeared  with  his  fleet  off  the  Dardanelles,  and 
entered  into  an  understanding  with  the  Sublime  Porte,  that 
no  Turkish  ships  of  war  were  to  cruise  in  the  ^Egean  Sea, 
and  that  no  tribute  was  to  be  exacted  from  the  inhabitants 
of  the  Greek  islands.  In  order  to  enforce  the  observance 
of  the  compact  on  behalf  of  the  Greeks,  on  quitting  the 
Archipelago,  his  lordship  ordered  the  38-gun  frigate  Sea- 
horse, Captain  John  Stewart,  to  cruise  in  the  neighbour- 
hood. A  band  of  Epirots,  formerly  in  the  service  of  Russia, 
but  which,  by  the  treaty  of  Tilsit,  were  no  longer  required, 
had,  it  appeared,  taken  possession  of  two  small  islands,  at 
the  entrance  of  the  Gulf  of  Salonica,  called  Droino  and 
Saraguino,  from  which,  having  large  boats,  they  laid  the 
coasts  as  far  as  the  Dardanelles  under  contribution,  and 
captured  all  vessels  bound  to  Constantinople  ;  thereby  inter- 
cepting the  tribute  from  those  places  (which  was  principally 
paid  in  corn),  on  its  way  to  the  Turkish  capital.  TJpon 
pretence  of  crushing  these  marauders,  Captain  Stewart  was 
applied  to  by  the  Turkish  authorities,  to  know  if  he  would 
interfere  with  any  squadron  sent  down  the  Dardanelles  for 
that  purpose ;  but  Captain  Stewart,  aware  that  his  com- 
pliance with  this  departure  from  the  terms  of  the  agreement 
would  be  taken  advantage  of,  replied  that  he  would  repel 
with  all  his  force  any  attempt  made  in  violation  of  the 
existing  treaty.  The  Porte,  however,  understanding  that 
the  Seahorse  was  the  only  British  ship  of  war  in  the  Archi- 
pelago, despatched  a  squadron  of  two  frigates,  two  corvettes, 
two  mortar-vessels,  and  some  xebecks,  upon  the  service  in 
view,  which  at  the  latter  end  of  June  anchored  off  Dromo. 
A  party  having  landed  from  the  squadron,  surrounded  the 
pirates'  town,  which  was  situated  on  a  peak  of  the  island. 
The  freebooters,  in  this  dilemma,  had  the  thought  to  de- 
spatch one  of  their  boats  to  Sira,  near  Tino,  where  the 


1808.]  SEAHORSE   AND   BADERE    ZAFFER.  239 

Seahorse  was  at  anchor,  to  acquaint  Captain  Stewart  Avith 
the  circumstances. 

On  the  1st  of  July  the  boat  arrived  alongside  the  Sea- 
horse, and  Captain  Stewart  immediately  gave  orders  to 
weigh,  directing  his  course  towards  Dromo.  On  the  5th  of 
July,  at  oh.  45m.  p.m.,  two  ships  and  a  galley  were  discovered 
from  the  Seahorse,  between  the  islands  Scopolo  and  Dromo, 
and  standing  to  the  southward,  which  were  soon  made  out 
to  be  Turkish  ships  of  war.  One  of  these  was  the  Badere 
Zaffer,  bearing  the  broad  pendant  of  Commodore  Scandril, 
which  was  a  very  fine  ship  of  1,300  tons,  mounting  on  her 
main  deck  thirty  brass  guns,  of  three  different  calibres,  as 
follows  :  in  midships  on  each  side  was  a  French  36-pounder, 
and  next  to  it,  forward  and  aft,  were  four  24-pounders,  the 
remaining  ten  being  18-pounders,  and  on  the  quarter-deck 
and  forecastle  were  twenty-two  long  12-pounders,  also  of 
brass  :  total,  fifty-two  guns.  The  crew  numbered  543  men. 
Her  consort  was  the  Ali  Fezan,  and  mounted  twenty-four 
long  brass  12-pounders,  on  the  main  deck,  and  in  midships 
on  the  upper  deck  two  mortars  were  placed,  which  of  course 
were  of  no  service  in  her  approaching  contest;  her  crew 
consisted  of  230  men.  The  Turkish  commodore  did  not 
offer  to  retreat,  but,  confident  in  his  strength,  continued  the 
same  course,  and  hoisted  no  colours. 

At  9h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Seahorse  having  arrived  on  the 
weather-beam  of  the  Badere  Zaffer,  shortened  sail,  and, 
through  the  medium  of  his  Greek  pilot,  Captain  Stewart 
hailed  the  Turkish  commodore,  and  ordered  him  to  sur- 
render the  ship  to  a  British  frigate.  A  direct  refusal  being- 
returned,  the  broadside  of  the  Seahorse,  double-shotted,  was 
fired  into  her,  which  was  quickly  responded  to  by  the 
Badere  Zaffer.  With  a  light  air  of  wind  a  little  abaft  the 
starboard  beam,  the  two  ships  continued  to  engage  with 
great  animation,  but  the  Badere  Zaffer  gradually  edged  off 
the  wind  to  close  with  her  consort,  then  about  two  miles  on 
her  larboard  beam.  Having  effected  a  junction  with  the 
Ali  Fezan,  the  helm  of  the  Badere  Zaffer  was  put  hard 
aport,  in  order  to  lay  the  Seahorse  (which  had  continued  to 
keep  her  station  on  the  weather-beam  of  her  enemy)  on 
board ;  but  as  this  mode  of  warfare  was  not  to  be  preferred, 


240  SEAHORSE   AND    BADERE    ZAFFER.  [1808. 

in  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  men  in  the  Turkish 
ship,  the  Seahorse  also  hauled  sharp  up,  and,  having  sufficient 
way,  crossed  the  bows  of  her  enemy,  whose  sails  were  all 
aback,  and  in  much  confusion.  A  most  destructive  raking 
fire  was  poured  into  her  in  passing,  after  winch  the  Seahorse 
tacked  and  bore  up  with  the  intention  of  again  closing  the 
Badere  Zaffer,  which  had  by  this  time  got  before  the  wind. 
The  Ali  Fezan,  however,  was,  at  about  10h.,  observed 
coming  up  on  the  weather-beam,  upon  which  the  Seahorse 
again  hauled  up,  and,  passing  astern  of  this  new  opponent, 
poured  in  her  starboard  broadside  with  great  precision  and 
effect.  The  Seahorse  then  bore  up,  and  continued  firing 
into  the  Ali  Fezan  for  about  ten  minutes,  when  an  explosion 
took  place  near  her  fore  hatchway.  The  Seahorse  continuing 
to  pursue  the  larger  opponent,  the  Ah  Fezan  availed  herself 
of  the  earliest  opportunity,  and,  hauling  her  wind,  made 
sail  towards  Pelagnisi,  which  port  she  reached  in  great- 
distress. 

At  about  lOh.  35m.  the  Seahorse  ranged  up  on  the  lar- 
board beam  of  the  Badere  Zaffer,  and,  shortening  sail,  re- 
newed the  action,  both  ships  being  now  before  the  wind. 
At  llh.  the  Turkish  commodore  made  another  attempt  at 
boarding,  but  the  British  crew  were  too  expert,  and  the 
Seahorse  again  crossed  the  bows  of  the  Badere  Zaffer ;  but 
so  close  were  the  two  ships  on  this  occasion  that  the  jib- 
boom  of  the  Turkish  ship  grazed  the  mizen-rigging  of  the 
Seahorse,  and  carried  away  the  vangs  of  her  gaff.  The 
forecastle  and  bowsprit  of  the  Badere  Zaffer  were  at  this 
time  observed  to  be  crowded  with  men  in  expectation  of 
boarding,  and  amongst  these  the  aftermost  carronades  of 
the  Seahorse  were  fired  with  great  effect.  In  a  short  time 
the  action  was  renewed,  the  Seahorse  being  then  on  the 
starboard  side  of  the  enemy,  and  the  former  continued  to 
pour  in  broadside  after  broadside,  until  the  Turkish  guns 
were  silenced.  The  Turkish  frigate,  although  repeatedly 
hailed,  returned  no  answer ;  and  at  length,  about  lh.  a.m. 
of  the  6th,  the  Seahorse  ceased  firing  upon  her  sullen  foe, 
having  so  crippled  her  masts  and  yards,  and  her  topmasts 
being  shot  away,  that  escape  was  impossible.  The  Seahorse 
then  brought  to  on  the  larboard  quarter  of  her  enemy  to 


1808.]  SEAHORSE   AND    EADERE    ZAFFER.  241 

repair  the  damages  to  the  rigging,  and  also  to  refresh  the 
crew,  whose  continual  exertions  had  been  very  trying. 

At  daylight  the  Seahorse  passed  under  the  stern  of  the 
Badere  Zaffer,  which  was  steering  before  the  wind  under 
the  remains  of  her  foresail.  Receiving  no  answer  to  his 
hail,  Captain  Stewart  ordered  another  broadside  to  be  fired 
into  her,  and  was  about  to  repeat  it,  when  the  Turkish  flag 
was  hauled  down.  This  act,  it  appears,  had  been  performed 
without  the  sanction  of  the  Turkish  commodore,  who,  sitting 
in  his  chair,  which  was  placed  on  a  sort  of  wooden  awning 
or  shed,  erected  over  the  quarter-deck,  gave  orders  for  his 
men  to  continue  the  fight.  But  his  officers,  aware  of  the 
impossibility  of  escape,  making  prisoner  of  the  stubborn 
chief,  surrendered  the  ship,  who  was  shortly  afterwards 
taken  on  board  the  Seahorse.  "  Apparently  unacquainted 
with  the  forms  of  civilized  warfare,"  writes  Mr.  James, 
a  Scandril  had  no  idea  of  delivering  up  his  sword  in  token  of 
submission,  and  when  told  that  he  must  do  so,  the  Maho- 
metan commander  complied  with  great  reluctance,  observing, 
as  his  eyes  bent  upon  the  forfeited  weapon,  '  that  it  was  a 
Damascus  blade  of  great  value.'  "  Had  the  Turks  once 
succeeded  in  gaining  the  deck  of  the  Seahorse,  their  numbers 
would  have  rendered  them  formidable,  and  although  they 
would  doubtless,  in  the  end,  have  been  beaten  off,  yet  it 
must  have  been  attended  with  great  loss  to  the  British ;  the 
watchful  care,  therefore,  of  the  master,  Thomas  Curtis  (who 
served  in  the  same  capacity  on  board  the  Wilhelmina,  in  her 
gallant  action  with  the  Psyche),  which  defeated  the  move- 
ments of  the  enemy,  deserves  every  praise,  and  great  honour 
is  due  to  Captain  Stewart,  his  officers  and  crew.  The 
lieutenants  were  George  Downie  (who  was  promoted), 
Thomas  Bennett,  and  Richard  Glynn  Vallack.  The  loss  on 
board  the  Seahorse  consisted  of  five  men  killed  and  ten 
wounded,  and  her  masts  were  wounded,  but  immaterially. 
The  carnage  on  board  the  Turkish  ship  was  awful,  170  men 
were  killed  and  200  wounded ;  and  so  much  was  the  ship 
shattered  that  it  was  with  difficulty  she  could  be  kept  afloat. 
She  however  reached  Malta,  but,  on  being  surveyed,  was 
found  to  be  badly  put  together  and  unfit  for  the  British 
navy.     The  Patriotic  Fund  voted  Captain  Stewart  a  sword, 

VOL.  II.  R 


242  DEATH  OF   LIEUTEXANT    SPEARING.  [1808. 

value  100  guineas.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  for  this 
action. 

On  the  3rd  of  July,  while  the  18-gun  ship- sloop  Wan- 
derer, Commander  Edward  Crofton,  and  4-gun  schooners 
Subtle  and  Ballahou,  Lieutenants  George  Augustus  Spearing 
and  George  Mills,  were  cruising  between  the  islands  of 
Anguille  and  St.  Martin,  intelligence  was  received  which 
led  to  the  despatch  of  Lieutenant  Spearing  with  the  boats  of 
the  ship  and  schooners,  containing  together  135  men,  to 
land  and  attack  the  French  part  of  the  island  of  St.  Martin's. 
The  landing  was  effected  with  a  trifling  loss,  and  six  guns- 
were  spiked  in  the  lower  fort ;  but,  on  ascending  the 
heights,  which  were  covered  with  the  prickly  pear,  to  storm 
the  upper  battery,  Lieutenant  Spearing1  was  shot  through 
the  chest,  and  several  of  his  gallant  followers  were  killed. 
The  remainder  endeavoured  to  regain  the  boats,  but  were 
greatly  outnumbered  and  made  prisoners.  The  Wanderer, 
which,  with  the  two  schooners,  in  the  meanwhile  had  been 
firing  at  the  batteries  to  cover  the  advance  of  the  storming 
party,  now  ceased  and  hoisted  a  flag  of  truce.  On  com- 
municating with  the  commandant,  it  was  ascertained  that 
the  garrison  consisted  of  900  men,  and  that  the  detachment 
from  the  ships  had  in  the  whole  sustained  a  loss  of  seven 
killed  and  thirty  wounded. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  the  74-gun  ship  Kent,  Captain 
Thomas  Rogers,  and  16-gun  brig  Wizard,  Commander  Abel 
Ferris,  being  in  the  Gulf  of  Genoa,  discovered  a  deeply- 
laden  convoy  at  anchor  under  the  protection  of  a  large  gun- 
boat off  the  town  of  Noli.  The  boats  of  the  two  ships  were 
immediately  despatched  under  Lieutenants  William  Cash- 
man,  James  Lindsay,  and  Fairfax  Moresby,  Captain  Henry 
Rea,  and  Lieutenants  John  Hanlon  and  Patrick  Grant  of  the 
marines,  all  of  the  Kent ;  and  Lieutenant  Alexander  Bis- 
sett,  of  the  Wizard.  The  boats  were  boarded  ;  but  being 
secured  to  the  beach  by  chains  from  the  mastheads,  it  was 

1  The  remains  of  the  gallant  young  officer  in  command  of  this  unfor- 
tunate attack  were  delivered  up,  but  afterwards  buried  on  shore  with 
military  honours,  the  French  commandant  and  part  of  the  crew  of 
Lieutenant  Spearing's  vessel  attending  the  ceremony,  while  the  British 
vessels,  as  they  lay  at  anchor  in  Marigot  Bay,  with  their  colours  half- 
mast,  together  with  the  French  batteries,  fired  minute-guns. 


1808.]  COMET   WITH    ESPIEGLE   AND   SYLPHE.  243 

found  necessary  to  land  in  order  to  get  them  clear.  The 
boats  therefore  pulled  to  the  shore,  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire 
from  several  guns  advantageously  planted,  and  from  a  large 
number  of  regular  troops  assembled  on  the  beach.  The 
gun-boat,  mounting  two  heavy  guns,  and  manned  with  forty- 
five  men,  was  captured  with  all  the  vessels,  and  the  guns 
on  the  shore  destroyed.  This  service  being  effected  under 
cover  of  the  Wizard's  guns,  was  attended  with  no  greater 
loss  than  one  seaman  killed  and  one  mortally  wounded. 

On  the  11th  of  August,  at  8h.  30m.  A.M.,  the  18-gun 
ship-sloop  Comet,  Commander  Cuthbert  F.  Daly,  being  in 
lat.  46°  north,  long.  5°  4'  west,  cruising  off  the  French 
coast,  discovered  three  sail  in  the  north-east.  These  were 
the  French  18-gun  corvette  Diligente  and  16-gun  brigs 
Espiegle  and  Sylphe,  from  L'Orient  bound  to  Martinique. 
At  9h.,  having  discovered  the  character  of  the  strangers, 
Commander  Daly,  without  hesitation,  stood  towards  them, 
and  soon  afterwards  the  Diligente  and  her  consorts  tacked 
and  made  all  sail  to  the  northward.  At  noon,  the  Diligente 
having  outsailed  the  brigs,  again  tacked  and  stood  to  the 
southward,  and  the  Comet  continued  to  pursue  the  two 
brigs.  At  3h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  Espiegle,  which  was  the  head- 
most of  the  two,  tacked  and  passed  to  windward  of  the 
Comet,  at  the  distance  of  a  mile  and  a  half.  At  5h.  the 
Sylphe  hoisted  her  colours,  and  commenced  firing  her  stern- 
chasers.  At  5h.  20m.,  having  arrived  within  pistol-shot  of 
the  latter,  the  Comet  opened  her  fire,  and  after  a  running 
action  of  twenty  minutes,  the  Sylphe,  being  much  disabled, 
and  having  lost,  out  of  a  crew  of  ninety-eight  men  and  boys, 
five  men  killed  and  five  wounded,  struck  her  colours.  The 
Comet  had  not  a  man  hurt ;  but  her  main  and  mizen 
topmasts  were  badly  wounded,  and  rigging  and  sails  much 
cut.  The  Diligente  and  Espiegle  made  no  attempt  to  save 
their  consort ;  but  this  does  not  detract  from  Commander 
Daly's  great  merit  in  venturing  to  become  the  assailant  where 
the  disparity  was  so  great  against  him.  The  Sylphe,  being  a 
fine  brig  of  343  tons,  was  added  to  the  British  navy  under  . 
the  name  of  Seagull.  Lieutenant  James  Tomkinson,  first  of 
the  Comet,  was  very  highly  spoken  of  in  Commander  Daly's 
official  letter,  but  was  not  promoted  until  1810.  The 
Comet's  commander  received  immediate  advancement.     This 

e2 


244  WAR   WITH   RUSSIA.  [1808. 

is  a  naval  medal  action.  The  Espiegle  succeeded  in  rejoining 
the  Diligente,  but  on  the  16th  was  chased  and  captured  by 
the  38-gun  frigate  Sibylle,  Captain  Clot  worthy  Upton,  and 
added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  name  of  Electra. 

England  having  become  involved  in  a  war  with  Russia,  in 
consequence  of  the  treaty  of  Tilsit,  which  united  Russia  and 
Denmark  in  a  league  with  France,  a  large  force  was  ren- 
dered necessary  in  the  Baltic,  and  a  fleet  of  eleven  sail  was 
despatched  thither  under  the  command  of  Vice-Admiral  Sir 
James  Saumarez.  More  than  200  sail  of  transports,  con- 
taining 14,000  troops,  under  the  command  of  Sir  John 
Moore,  accompanied  the  fleet ;  but  these  were  principally 
intended  to  assist  Sweden,  the  ally  of  England,  against 
Denmark ;  but  not  being  required,  they  returned  very 
shortly  to  England. 

On  the  19th  of  August,  a  Russian  fleet  of  nine  sail  of 
the  line,  three  50-gun  ships,  and  eight  frigates  and  smaller 
vessels,  in  all  twenty-four  sail,  under  the  command  of  Yice- 
Admiral  Hanickoff,  anchored  in  Hango  Bay,  a  port  of 
Swedish  Finland.  On  the  20th,  Rear- Admiral  Sir  Samuel 
Hood,  in  the  74-gun  ship  Centaur,  Captain  Webley,  accom- 
panied by  the  Implacable,  Captain  Thomas  Byam  Martin, 
joined  the  Swedish  squadron  of  seven  sail  of  the  line  and 
four  frigates  in  Oro  Roads,  and  on  the  same  afternoon  the 
Russians  made  their  appearance  in  the  ofling,  and  anchored 
at  no  great  distance  from  the  roadstead,  where  they  con- 
tinued cruising,  off  and  on,  for  several  days.  On  the  22nd 
of  August  four  sail  joined  the  Swedish  squadron,  which  then 
amounted  to  eleven  sail  of  the  line  ;  but  unfortunately  more 
than  a  third  of  the  crews  of  the  ships  were  on  the  sick  list 
with  the  scurvy.  On  the  23rd,  the  Russians,  assuming  a 
threatening  attitude,  stood  close  into  Oro  Roads,  with  a  fine 
breeze  from  west-south-west,  but  again  stood  off  without 
making  any  attack. 

On  the  25th,  at  6h.  a.m.,  the  Swedish  fleet,  accompanied 
by  the  Centaur  and  Implacable,  weighed,  with  a  fresh  breeze 
from  north-east,  in  pursuit  of  the  Russians,  which,  at  9h., 
were  discovered,  in  number  twenty-three  sail — Hango-Head 
bearing  south-east.  Having  despatched  one  ship  to  Carls- 
crona  with  the  sick,  the  Anglo-Swedish  fleet  consisted  of 
twelve  sail  of  the  line  and  five  frigates,  mounting  in  all  1,156 


1808.]  CAPTURE   OF   THE   SEWOLOD.  ;  245 

guns,  while  the  Eussian  force,  already  described,  mounted 
1,118  guns.     Although  there  was  nothing,  therefore,  on  the 
score  of  comparative  force  to  cause  the  Russians  to  decline  the 
combat,  they  made  every  endeavour  to  escape.     By  8h.  p  m 
the  two  British  ships  were  five  miles  to  windward  of  the 
Swedes,  and  at  4h.  on  the  following  morning  this  distance 
was  doubled,  the  Implacable  being  two  miles  to  windward  of 
the  Centaur,  and  not  more  than  five  miles  from  the  Sewolod 
the  sternmost  ship  of  the  enemy.     At  4h.  30m.  this  ship' 
commanded  by  Captain  Roodneff,  being  at  some  distance 
astern  and  to  leeward  of  her  own  fleet,  crossed  the  bows  of 
the  Implacable  on  the  starboard  tack.     At  6h.  30m  they 
again  crossed  on  opposite  tacks,  and  a  quarter  of  an  hour 
afterwards  crossed  a  third  time,  when  the  Eussian  opened 
fire.     At   7h.   30m.,   the  Implacable  having  again  tacked, 
ranged  up  alongside  the  Sewolod  to  leeward,  and  so  vigorous 
a  cannonading  was  kept  up  by  the  former,  that  in  less  than 
hall  an  hour  the  Russian,  whose  colours  had  been  shot  away 
and  not  rehoisted,  ceased  firing,  and  hauled  down  her  pen- 
dant.    At  this  moment  the  Eussian  admiral  was  observed 
within  two  miles  of  the  Implacable,  bearing  down  to  the 
rescue  of  the  Sewolod,  and  Sir  Samuel  Hood  recalled  the 
Implacable,  which  accordingly  quitted  her  prize,  and  rejoined 
the  Centaur.     The  two  British  ships  then  bore  up  for  the 
Swedish  fleet,  about  ten  miles  to  leeward.    The  Implacable's 
loss  in  this  smart  action  amounted  to  six  men  killed,  Thomas 
Pickerwell,  master's  mate,   Nicholas  Drew,  captain's  clerk 
and  24  men  wounded.     Captain  Martin  spoke  in  high  terms 
of  his  first  lieutenant,  Augustus  Baldwin.     The  loss  of  the 
Sewolod  amounted  to  forty-three  killed  and  eighty  wounded 
Vice-Admiral  Hanickoff,  having  ordered  a  frigate  to  take 
the  disabled  Sewolod  m  tow,  again  hauled  to  the  wind  which 
Sir  Samuel  Hood  observing,  the  Centaur  and  Implacable  a 
second  time  proceeded  in  chase,  and  obliged  the  frigate  to 
relinquish  her  charge.     The  Russians,  however,  again  bore 
up  to  succour  the  Sewolod,  but  a  change  of  wind  having 
taken  place,  enabling  them  to  reach  Rogerswick,  the  body  of 
the  fleet  bore  up  for  that  port,  where  the  ships  anchored 
about  noon,  leaving  the  Sewolod  aground  on  a  shoal  not  for 
Irom  the  entrance  of  the  harbour.     Having  floated  off  the 
Eussian  ship  swang  to  her  anchors,  and,  the  wind  moderating 


246  CAPTURE  OF   THE  SEWOLOD.  [1808. 

in  the  afternoon,  Admiral  Hanickoff  ordered  a  division  of  the 
boats  of  the  fleet  to  proceed  to  the  assistance  of  the  crippled 
ship  and  tow  her  into  the  roads.  Sir  Samuel  Hood,  deter- 
mined to  prevent  this,  bore  up  to  endeavour  to  cut  her  off 
before  the  boats  could  reach.  The  boats,  however,  succeeded 
in  taking  the  Sewolod  in  tow,  and  in  five  minutes  more  the 
ship  would  have  been  safe,  but  at  8h.  p.m.  the  Centaur  ran 
her  on  board.  The  Centaur,  having  good  way  on,  shot  ahead 
of  the  enemy,  the  Sewolod's  bowsprit  grazing  her  fore-rigging, 
as  did  her  bows  the  muzzles  of  the  British  ship's  guns,  which 
at  the  same  moment  were  discharged  with  tremendous  exe- 
cution. The  Sewolod  dropped  astern  of  the  Centaur,  until 
the  bowsprit  of  the  former  reached  the  latter's  mizen-rigging, 
to  which  Sir  Samuel  Hood  ordered  it  to  be  lashed.  This  was 
performed  in  the  face  of  a  continual  fire  of  musketry,  in  a 
most  gallant  manner,  by  Captain  Webley,  the  first  lieute- 
nant, Paul  Lawless  (who  was  severely  wounded),  and  Edward 
Strode,  the  master,  with  other  brave  men.  Much  valour  was 
displayed  on  both  sides,  and  frequent  attempts  at  boarding 
were  made ;  but  the  deliberate  fire  of  the  Centaurs  marines, 
under  Captain  George  Baile,  and  the  stern-chase  guns,  effec- 
tually defeated  the  attempts  of  the  Russians.  Sir  Samuel 
Hood  hoped  to  be  able  to  carry  off  the  Sewolod,  while  she 
was  lashed  to  her,  but  the  Russians  having  let  go  an  anchor, 
both  ships  took  the  ground.  After  half  an  hour's  gallant 
fighting,  the  Sewolod's  colours  were  again  struck,  and  just  at 
this  time  the  Implacable  dropped  anchor  outside  the  two 
engaged  ships,  and  rendered  most  essential  service  in  heaving 
the  Centaur  off  the  shoal.  Two  of  the  Russian  ships  about 
this  time  slipped,  and  appeared  inclined  to  come  to  the  as- 
sistance of  the  Sewolod ;  but  finding  the  Centaur  to  be  again 
afloat,  returned  to  their  anchorage.  The  prize  being  found 
immovable,  with  her  hold  half  full  of  water,  it  became 
necessary  to  destroy  her;  and,  after  all  the  prisoners  and 
wounded  had  been  removed,  she  was  set  on  fire  and  burnt  to 
the  water's  edge. 

In  this  very  gallant  action,  performed  as  it  was  in  the 
sight  and  in  defiance  of  a  powerful  enemy,  the  Centaur  had 
three  men  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Lawless,  —  Morton  (boat- 
swain), and  twenty-five  men  wounded;  and  the  Sewolod, 
whose  loss  in  action  with  the  Implacable  had  been  made 


1808.]  RECRUIT   AND    DILIGENTE.  247 

good  by  a  reinforcement  of  100  men  from  the  Russian  fleet, 
sustained  by  the  fire  of  the  Centaur  the  loss  of  180  men 
killed,  wounded,  and  missing  ;  making  the  total  number  of 
killed  and  wounded,  in  her  two  actions,  amount  to  303 :  the 
total  of  the  killed  and  wounded  in  the  two  British  ships 
amounted  to  62.  The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to 
the  Centaur  and  Implacable. 

The  Russian  fleet  (a  plan  for  burning  which  was  set  on 
foot,  but  found  impracticable)  was  blockaded  in  Rogerswick 
by  the  British  squadron,  under  Yice- Admiral  Sir  James 
Saumarez,  till  the  bad  weather  rendered  it  dangerous  to 
keep  the  sea,  and  as  soon  as  they  retired  from  before  the  port, 
the  Russians  quitted  and  returned  to  Cronstadt  for  the  winter. 

On  the  16th  of  August,  the  4-gun  schooner  Rook,  Lieu- 
tenant James  Lawrence,  being  off  the  mole  of  Cape  St. 
Nicholas,  on  her  way  to  England  with  despatches,  was 
attacked  by  two  French  privateers,  one  of  twelve  and  the 
other  of  ten  guns,  and  after  a  very  gallant  resistance  of  one 
hour  and  a  half,  in  the  course  of  which  the  commander  was 
killed,  the  mate  mortally  wounded,  and  thirteen  *out  of  the 
remaining  eighteen  men  mortally  or  severely  wounded,  the 
Rook  surrendered. 

On  the  6th  of  September,  the  18-gun  brig  Recruit,  Com- 
mander Charles  Napier,  in  lat.  17°  50'  north,  longitude  58° 
10'  west,  standing  close-hauled  on  the  starboard  tack,  with 
the  wind  from  the  eastward,  discovered  the  French  corvette 
Diligente  on  her  weather  quarter,  steering  south.  The  Re- 
cruit immediately  tacked  to  meet  the  corvette,  and,  at 
7h.  30m.  A.M.  fired  two  shot  at  the  stranger,  passing  to  wind- 
ward. At  8h.  15m.  the  Diligente  tacked,  and  soon  after- 
wards hoisted  French  colours.  At  8h.  40m.,  the  Recruit 
having  tacked,  again  passed  the  Diligente,  then  on  the 
starboard  tack,  and  exchanged  broadsides  within  pistol-shot, 
by  winch  fire  Commander  Napier  was  wounded,  but  not  with 
such  severity  as  to  compel  him  to  quit  the  deck.  At  8h. 
40m.,  both  vessels  having  again  tacked,  passed  each  other, 
firing  their  broadsides,  after  which  the  Diligente  wore  to 
rake  the  Recruit ;  but  the  latter,  by  bearing  up,  succeeded 
in  bringing  the  Diligente  to  close  action,  and  the  Recruit 
continued  firing  her  larboard  broadside  in  return  for  the 
starboard  guns   of  the   enemy,  until  llh.  30m.,  when  the 


248  LAUREL   AND   CANONNIERE.  [1808. 

brig's  mainmast  was  shot  away  within  a  few  feet  of  the 
deck.  The  Diligente  then  backing  her  niizen-topsail,  drop- 
ped astern,  and  bearing  up  under  the  stern  of  the  Recruit, 
raked  her  ;  she  then  shot  ahead,  and  luffing  round  the 
Recruit's  bows,  poured  in  a  destructive  broadside.  The 
corvette  then  ranged  along  the  larboard  beam  of  her  an- 
tagonist, intending  to  repeat  this  manoeuvre  ;  but  receiving 
a  well-directed  broadside  from  the  Recruit,  which  shot  away 
her  stern-boat,  and  caused  a  heavy  explosion  abaft,  the  Dili- 
gente put  her  helm  up,  and  made  off  before  the  -wind. 

After  repairing  a  few.  of  her  damages,  remounting  the 
carronades  which  had  upset,  and  clearing  the  wreck  of  her 
mainmast,  the  Recruit  bore  up  after  the  Diligente.  At  2h. 
p.m.,  the  corvette  finding  there  was  a  probability  of  her 
being  overtaken  if  she  continued  to  run  before  the  wind, 
set  her  courses  and  top-gallant  sails,  and  hauled  up  on  the 
starboard  tack  ;  and  although  every  exertion  was  made  on 
board  the  British  brig  by  erecting  a  jury-mainmast,  it  was 
found  impossible  to  close  the  Diligente,  which  by  8h.  p.m. 
was  lost  sight  of.  The  Recruit  in  this  gallant  action  had 
ODly  one  man  killed,  and  Commander  Napier  and  Lieutenant 
Moses  De  Willetts  wounded.  The  Diligente  reached  Mar- 
tinique, and  subsequently,  on  the  surrender  of  that  island, 
fell  into  the  hands  of  the  British.  Being  a  ship  of 
371  tons,  she  was  added  to  the  navy  under  the  name  of  St. 
Pierre. 

On  the  6th  of  September,  the  22-gim  ship  Laurel,  Captain 
John  Charles  Woollcombe,  arrived  off  the  Isle  of  France 
from  the  Cape,  and  shortly  afterwards  recaptured  a  Portu- 
guese ship,  on  board  of  which  were  some  ladies  belonging  to 
the  Isle  of  France.  Captain  Woollcombe,  with  praiseworthy 
gallantry,  immediately  sent  in  a  boat  with  a  flag  of  truce  to 
the  governor,  General  Decaen,  requesting  him  to  send  out  a 
vessel  to  take  on  shore  the  ladies  with  their  baggage.  The 
second  captain  of  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Canonniere, 
lying  in  Port  Louis,  came  off  on  this  service  during  the 
night,  and  as  he  did  not  return  until  the  next  morning,  it  is 
conjectured,  but  we  hope  untruly,  that  the  officer  took 
advantage  of  the  circumstance  in  order  to  become  acquainted 
with  the  size  and  force  of  the  Laurel. 

On  the  12th,  in  the  afternoon,  the  Laurel  having  chased 
a  vessel  close  under  the  gims  of  Port  Louis,  was  standing 


1808.]     MARIA  AND  DEPARTEMENT  DES  LAXDES.       240 

off  again,  when  a  sail  was  discovered  on  the  lee  bow  steering 
a  similar  course,  which  proved  to  be  the  Canonniere,  bearing 
Commodore  Bourayne's  broad  pendant,  mounting  forty-eight 
guns,  with  a  crew  of  350  men.  The  Laurel's  armament  con- 
sisted only  of  twenty-two  long  9-pounders  on  the  main  deck, 
with  six  18-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  sixes  on  the 
quarter-deck  and  forecastle,  and  her  crew  amounted  to  no 
more  than  1 44  men  and  boys.  As  the  two  vessels  neared  each 
other  on  opposite  tacks,  Captain  Woollcombe  directed  the 
master  to  lay  the  ship  close  to  the  enemy ;  which  order  the 
latter  strictly  complied  with.  About  6h.  30m.,  as  the 
Laurel,  being  to  windward,  edged  away  for  the  Canonniere's 
starboard  or  weather  bow,  the  latter  wore,  and  being  very 
slow  in  coming  round,  the  Laurel  was  enabled  to  give  her 
two  or  three  raking  broadsides  ;  but  the  French  frigate 
having  at  length  got  round  on  the  starboard  tack,  discharged 
her  broadside  with  some  effect.  The  wind  gradually  died 
away,  and  both  ships  continued  to  engage  closely  until 
8h.  p.m.,  when  the  Laurel's  rigging  being  much  damaged, 
her  gaff  shot  away,  and  her  mizenmast  left  tottering,  the 
ship,  having  no  chance  of  escape,  struck  her  colours,  having 
her  master,  James  Douglas,  six  seamen  (three  of  whom  lost 
a  leg),  and  two  marines  wounded.  This,  considering  the 
duration  of  the  action,  was  extraordinary,  and  can  only  be 
accounted  for  by  the  relative  height  of  the  two  ships,  in 
consequence  of  which  the  shot  of  the  Canonniere  passed 
over  her  low  antagonist.  The  Canonniere  had  five  men 
killed,  and  nineteen  wounded.  Captain  Woollcombe  was  sub- 
sequently tried  by  court-martial  for  the  loss  of  his  ship,  and 
honourably  acquitted,  and  Captain  Josias  Rowley,  the  presi- 
dent, passed  a  veiy  flattering  encomium  on  the  defence  he 
had  made. 

On  the  29th  of  September,  Pointe  Antigua,  Guadaloupe, 
bearing  south-west,  the  gun-brig  Maria,  armed  with  12  car- 
ronades, 12-pounders,  and  two  long  4-pounders,  with  a  crew  of 
sixty-five  men  and  boys,  Lieutenant  James  Bennett  com- 
mander, chased  a  sail  steering  towards  the  land,  which  vessel 
proved  to  be  the  French  22-gun  ship  Departement  des 
Landes,  mounting  16  carronades,  2  4-pounders,  and  four  long 
8-pounders  on  the  main  deck,  and  two  brass  6-pounders  on  the 
quarter-deck,  with  a  crew  of  160  men  and  boys,  commanded 
by  Captain  Raoule.     It  falling  calm  just  as  the  Maria  got 


250  CARNATION  AND   PALIXURE.  [1808. 

within  gun-shot  of  her  opponent,  the  brig  was  unable  for  a 
time  to  bring  her  broadside  to  bear,  while  the  French  ship, 
being  under  the  stern  of  the  Maria,  was  enabled  to  open  her 
fire  with  destructive  effect.  By  the  aid  of  her  sweeps,  the 
Maria  was  at  length  in  a  position  to  return  the  fire  ;  but  the 
enemy  was  too  strong.  The  Maria's  colours  being  shot 
away,  the  enemy  hailed  to  know  if  she  had  surrendered ;  to 
which  Lieutenant  Bennett,  rehoi  sting  the  ensign,  replied 
"  No,"  but  shortly  afterwards  this  gallant  officer  received 
three  grape-shot  in  his  body,  and  fell  beneath  the  colours  he 
had  rehoisted.  The  master,  Joseph  Dyason,  continued  the 
action  for  some  minutes  ;  but  finding  the  brig  in  a  sinking 
state,  and  having,  besides  her  commander,  Robert  O'Donnel, 
midshipman,  and  four  seamen  killed,  and  nine  wounded,  the 
British  colours,  after  a  noble  defence,  were  hauled  down. 
The  captors  were  under  the  necessity  of  running  the  brig  on 
shore  to  prevent  her  from  sinking  under  them.  With  refer- 
ence to  the  loss  of  the  Maria,  the  circumstances  to  be 
regretted  are  the  deaths  of  so  gallant  an  officer  as  Lieutenant 
Bennett,  and  of  those  who  fell  by  his  side. 

On  the  1st  of  October,  the  18-gun  brig  Cruiser,  acting 
commander  Lieutenant  Thomas  Wells,  being  off  the  entrance 
to  Gotteuburg,  fell  in  with  about  twenty  sail  of  armed  cutters, 
luggers,  and  row-boats,  one  of  which,  a  schuyt,  mounting  ten 
4-pounders,  and  thirty-two  men,  was  captured.  Lieutenant 
Wells  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander  a  few  weeks 
after  performing  this  dashing  exploit. 

On  the  3rd  of  October,  the  18-gun  brig  Carnation,  Com- 
mander Charles  Marshall  Gregory,  cruising  to  the  eastward  of 
Martinique,  fell  in  with  the  French  16-gun  brig  Pa] inure, 
Captain  Jance,  and  after  an  action  of  an  hour  and  a  half, 
the  Palinure  being  much  disabled  in  her  spars  and  sails, 
fell  on '  board  the  Carnation.  By  this  time,  however,  Cap- 
tain Gregory  and  most  of  the  officers  were  either  killed  or 
severely  wounded ;  and  the  boatswain  (William  Triplet)  was 
the  commanding  officer.  The  French  crew,  emboldened  by 
the  absence  of  any  endeavour  to  complete  the  victory  by 
boarding,  themselves  boarded,  and  carried  the  Carnation 
without  meeting  much  resistance.  The  boatswain  and  about 
ten  brave  fellows  resolutely  opposed  the  Frenchmen,  but 
the  remainder  of  the  Carnation's  crew  basely  quitted  their 


1808.]  AFRICA   WITH   GUN-BOAT    FLOTILLA.  251 

quarters,  and  the  British  brig  became  a  prize  to  the  Palinure. 
The  Carnation,  out  of  117  men,  had  her  commander,  Mor- 
gan Thomas,  purser,  and  eight  men  killed ;  and  Lieutenants 
Samuel  B.  Deecker  and  James  Fitzmaurice  severely,  Anthony 
Wetherell,  master  (mortally),  and  twenty-seven  seamen  and 
marines  wounded,  fourteen  mortally.  The  captain  of  the 
Palinure  was  confined  to  his  cot  with  the  yellow  fever,  and 
the  brig  was  fought  by  Enseigne  de  vaisseau  Huguet,  who 
greatly  distinguished  himself  on  the  occasion. 

On  the  31st  of  October,  at  daylight,  the  32-gun  frigate 
Circe,  Captain  Hugh  Pigot,  cruising  off  Port  Royal,  Mar- 
tinique, discovered  the  Palinure,  under  jury-masts,  coming 
down  before  the  wind,  which,  hauling  close  round  the 
Diamond  Rock  by  the  aid  of  her  sweeps,  got  under  the 
protection  of  a  battery  on  Pointe  Salomon.  The  Circe 
arriving  within  shot,  an  action  ensued,  and  in  fifteen  minutes 
the  Palinure,  having  seven  men  killed  and  eight  wounded, 
hauled  down  her  colours.  The  Circe  had  one  man  killed 
and  one  wounded. 

On  the  15th  of  October,  the  64-gun  ship  Africa,  Captian 
John  Barrett,  accompanied  by  the  Thunder  bomb,  and  two 
gun-brigs,  together  with  a  convoy  of  137  vessels,  sailed  from 
Carlscrona,  and,  on  the  20th,  the  latter  anchored  in  the 
roadstead  of  Malmo.  At  a  little  past  noon,  a  flotilla  of  gun- 
boats was  observed  advancing  to  the  attack  of  the  convoy ; 
and  the  Africa,  which,  for  the  better  security  of  her  charge, 
had  anchored  eight  miles  to  the  southward  of  Amag,  weighed 
and  stood  towards  them.  At  Hi.  p.m.  the  wind  died  entirely 
away,  and  twenty-five  large  Danish  gun-boats  and  seven 
armed  launches,  mounting  in  all  eighty  heavy  long  guns,  and 
carrying  upwards  of  1,600  men,  rowed  towards  the  Africa. 
At  2h.  50m.  the  gun-boats,  which  in  the  calm  were  able  to 
choose  their  own  position,  stationed  themselves  on  the  bow  and 
quarter  of  the  Africa,  and  commenced  a  vigorous  fire  of  round 
and  grape;  to  which  galling  fire  the  Africa  could  make  only  a 
very  poor  return  from  her  bow  and  stern  chasers,  and  from 
a  few  of  her  foremost  guns.  Twice  were  the  Africa's 
colours  shot  away,  when  the  Danes  advanced  cheering  to 
take  possession ;  but  being  received  with  much  warmth, 
they  returned  to  their  places  of  impunity.  The  action 
continued  until  6h.  45m.,  when  night  closing  in,  all  firing 


252  CAPTURE    OF   THE   JENA.  [1808. 

ceased ;  but  had  daylight  continued  for  another  hour,  the 
Africa  must  have  been  sunk  or  captured.  The  Africa,  in 
this  most  annoying  contest,  had  her  three  lower  masts  and 
yards  badly  wounded,  and  her  standing  and  running  rigging 
and  sails  much  cut.  Her  quarter-boats  were  completely  de- 
stroyed, and  the  boats  on  her  booms  rendered  unserviceable. 
The  loss  amounted  to  nine  seamen  and  marines  killed  ; 
Captain  Barrett  (slightly),  Lieutenants  of  marines  Thomas 
Brattle  and  John  George  Richardson,  one  midshipman,  the 
captain's  two  clerks  (not  named  in  the  despatch),  and  forty- 
seven  seamen  and  marines  wounded.  The  ship  was  so  much 
disabled,  that  she  returned  to  Carlscrona  to  refit. 

On  the  8th  of  October,  the  3  6 -gun  frigate  Modeste,  Cap- 
tain the  Honourable  George  Elliot,  cruising  off  the  Sand- 
heads,  in  the  Bay  of  Bengal,  captured,  after  a  chase  of  nine 
hours  and  a  running  fight  of  fifty  minutes,  the  French  18-gun 
corvette  Jena.  The  Jena  was  perfectly  unrigged  before  she 
struck,  but  had  no  one  killed  or  wounded.  The  Modeste 
was  unfortunate  enough  to  lose  her  master,  William  Donovan 
(described  as  a  very  clever  officer),  killed,  and  one  seaman 
was  wounded.  The  prize  was  added  to  the  British  navy 
under  the  name  of  Victor. 

Some  regulations  having  been  adopted  by  the  British 
government  with  reference  to  neutral  vessels,  the  French 
government  found  it  necessary  to  employ  their  ships  of  war, 
for  the  purpose  of  conveying  troops,  provisions,  and  stores, 
to  then  colonies.  The  Sylphe,  Diligente,  and  Espiegle,  were 
thus  despatched,  laden  almost  as  store-ships,  and  we  have 
now  to  record  a  most  gallant  action  with  a  fine  frigate 
similarly  freighted. 

On  the  night  of  the  10th  of  November,  Captain  Michael 
Seymour,  in  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Amethyst,  while 
off  the  Isle  of  Groix,  standing  in  for  the  French  coast 
on  the  starboard  tack,  with  the  wind  at  east-north-east, 
discovered  a  large  ship  on  her  weather  quarter,  coming- 
down  before  the  wind.  Just  before  observing  this  ship, 
several  shot  were  fired  from  the  battery  at  Larmour,  ap- 
parently at  the  Amethyst,  but  in  fact  at  the  stranger  who 
was  quitting  port  without  giving  the  prescribed  notice. 
The  Amethyst  instantly  wore  to  intercept  the  stranger, 
which    was    the    French    40-gun    frigate   Thetis,    Captain 


-&r. 


1808.]  AMETHYST   AND  THETIS.  253 

Jacques  Pinsum,  from  L'Orient,  bound  to  Martinique,  having 
.on  board  troops,  and  1,000  barrels  of  flour.  The  Thetis 
continuing  her  course,  was  at  9h.  p.m.  withiu  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  of  the  Amethyst ;  and  Captain  Seymour,  from  the 
non-observance  of  his  signals,  being  by  this  time  aware  of 
the  character  of  the  chase,  burnt  false  fires  and  blue  lights 
to  acquaint  the  ships  in  the  offing,  which  were  soon  an- 
swered from  the  74-gun  ship  Triumph,  Captain  Sir  Thomas 
M.  Hardy  ;  which  ship  bore  about  east-north-east,  but  was 
too  far  astern  to  be  able  to  take  any  part  in  the  contest. 

The  Thetis,  with  her  pursuer  on  her  starboard  quarter, 
continued  steering  about  west,  going  nine  and  sometimes 
ten  knots  under  all  sail ;  but  not  wishing  to  be  encumbered 
with  unnecessary  canvass  when  on  the  eve  of  an  action,  the 
two  ships,  at  9h.  15m.,  took  in  their  studding  sails  and 
royals.  The  Thetis,  in  the  hope  of  disabling  her  antagonist, 
then  rounded  to  on  the  starboard  tack  to  fire  her  broadside ; 
but  this  was  skilfully  avoided  by  the  Amethyst,  which  was 
thereby  enabled  to  range  up  on  the  starboard  beam,  to 
windward  of  the  French  ship,  and  a  most  spirited  contest 
ensued,  as  the  two  ships  again  paid  off  with  their  heads  to 
the  westward.  At  9h.  40m.,  the  Amethyst  being  a  little  in 
advance  of  her  opponent,  the  Thetis  made  an  attempt  to 
luff  across  her  stern,  but  being  too  near,  fell  on  board  the 
Amethyst,  running  her  jib-boom  between  that  ship's  main 
and  mizen  rigging.  The  two  ships,  however,  were  going  too 
rapidly  through  the  water  to  allow  of  their  remaining  long 
thus  connected,  and  they  quickly  resumed  their  former 
positions.  At  a  little  past  10k,  the  Amethyst  being  again 
somewhat  ahead  of  the  Thetis,  Captain  Seymour  ordered  the 
helm  hard  a-starboard,  and  bore  up  athwart  the  bows  of  the 
Thetis,  pouring  in  a  heavy  raking  broadside,  then  shifting 
the  helm,  the  Amethyst  avoided  the  enemy's  return  broad- 
side, and  brought  to  on  her  larboard  beam. 

The  action  then  raged  as  before  ;  but  ten  minutes  after- 
wards the  British  frigate's  mizenmast  fell,  broke  and  da- 
maged the  wheel,  and  encumbered  the  quarter-deck.  The 
Thetis  had  now  a  chance  of  escape  ;  but  before  she  was  able 
to  profit  by  this  disaster  of  her  opponent,  her  own  mizen- 
mast  fell,  and  the  ships  were  again  upon  a  par.  At  Ilk 
the  Thetis  put  her  helm  up  in  order  to  board  the  Amethyst. 


254  AMETHYST    AND   THETIS.  [1808. 

The  latter  patiently  awaited  the  attack,  and  just  as  the  bow 
of  the  Thetis  struck  that  of  the  Amethyst,  a  heavy  and  well- 
directed  broadside  cleared  her  forecastle,  on  which  were 
assembled  numerous  troops  ready  for  the  assault.  The 
Thetis  then  dropped  alongside,  and  the  fluke  of  the  Amethyst's 
best  bower  anchor  hooked  the  foremost  port  of  the  Thetis's 
forecastle,1  and  held  her  fast.  The  action  was  continued, 
without  intermission  till  past  midnight,  during  which  the 
Thetis  was  several  times  set  on  fire.  Being  completely 
silenced,  the  French  frigate  was  boarded  at  about  half-past 
12h.  and  taken  possession  of.  A  few  prisoners  had  been 
received  from  the  Thetis,  when  the  cable  having  been  cut 
which  was  holding  them  together,  the  two  ships  separated, 
and  shortly  afterwards  the  fore  and  main  masts  of  the  prize 
fell  over  the  side. 

The  loss  of  the  two  ships  in  this  long  and  most  skilfully 
conducted  action  was  very  severe.  The  Thesis  commenced 
the  action  with  436  men,  including  106  soldiers,  out  of 
whom  she  had  her  captain  and  1342  officers  and  men  killed, 
and  102  wounded, — more  than  the  half  of  her  ship's  com- 
pany. The  Amethyst  had  her  rigging  and  sails  cut  to 
pieces,  her  mizenmast  shot  away  close  to  the  deck,  fore  and 
main  masts  badly  wounded,  and  three  feet  water  in  her 
hold  when  the  action  ceased.  Out  of  a  crew  of  261  men 
and  boys,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Bernard  Kendall,  ten 
seamen,  and  eight  marines  were  killed ;  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Samuel  John  Payne  (dangerously),  Richard  Gibbings, 
master's  mate  (mortally) ;  the  boatswain,  Leonard  Taylor  ; 
Lawford  Miles,  midshipman  ;  Thomas  Gilson,  captain's  clerk  ; 
thirty-two  seamen,  and  twelve  marines  wounded.  Total  : 
twenty  killed  or  mortally  wounded,  and  fifty  dangerously  and 
slightly  wounded. 

The  two  ships  were  in  most  respects  well  matched.  Their 
weight  of  metal  was  nominally  the  same,  but  the  Thetis 

1  The  official  account  states,  that  the  bower  anchor  entered  the  fore- 
most "main-deck"  port,  which  seems  scarcely  possible  if  the  anchor  was 
stowed,  which  it  in  all  probability  was  ;  the  forecastle  port  it  might  have 
hooked  without  any  difficulty,  and  we  have  therefore  adopted  this 
notion. 

2  Captain  Seymour's  biographer  in  the  Naval  Chronicle,  vol.  xxi. 
states  that  172  was  the  number  killed. 


1808.]  DEATH  OF   CAPTAIN   COOMBE.  255 

mounted  two  guns  more  than  the  Amethyst.  The  real 
difference  between  English  and  French  shot,  of  the  same 
nominal  weight,  has  been  already  shown  at  vol.  i.  p.  175. 
The  first  lieutenant  (Goddard  Blennerhassett)  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  commander ;  and  Captain  Seymour,  in  his 
official  letter,  named  in  terms  of  much  satisfaction,  Lieute- 
nants William  Hill  and  Edward  Thomas  Crouch,  and  the 
master,  Robert  Fair, 1  which  latter  rendered  himself  parti- 
cularly serviceable.  The  Thetis,  being  a  fine  ship  of  1090 
tons,  was  purchased  into  the  service,  and  named  the  Brune. 
For  this  action  Captain  Seymour  was  honoured  with  a  o-old 
medal,  and  the  silver  naval  medal  has  recently  been  granted 
to  the  surviving  participators. 

Shortly  after  the  action  ceased,  the  Triumph  arrived  up  ; 
and  about  twenty  minutes  after  the  Triumph,  the  38-gun 
frigate  Shannon,  Captain  Philip  B.  Y.  Broke,  which  latter 
took  the  dismasted  prize  in  tow. 

On  the  28th  of  November,  Commander  William  Coombe, 
of  the  16-gun   brig  Heureux,  having  obtained  information 
that  seven  vessels,  ready  for  sea,  were  lying  in  the  harbour 
of  Mahaut,  Guadaloupe,  resolved  with  his  boats  to  endeavour 
to  cut  them  out.     Having  a  pilot  for  the  boats,  and  a  guide 
to  conduct  the  parties  intended  to  storm  the  two  batteries 
under  the  protection  of  which  the  vessels  were  at  anchor] 
Captain  Coombe  with  three  boats  departed  on  this  service' 
and  after  rowing  for  six  hours,  the  boats  lay  upon  their  oars 
to  await  the  setting  of  the  moon.     At  4h.  a.m.  on  the  29th 
they  pushed  forward;   and  after  some  minutes  of  despe- 
rate fighting,  Captain  Coombe,  with  nineteen  men,  succeeded 
in  boarding  and  carrying  a  schooner  of  two  guns  and  thirty- 
nine  men.     Lieutenant  Daniel  Lawrence,  assisted  by  Robert 
Daly,  purser,  and  about  forty-five  men,  in  the  mean  time 
landed,  and  spiked  the  two  24-pounders  upon  the  nearest 
battery,  and  then  proceeded  and  boarded  a  brig.     Both  the 
prizes  were  got  underweigh  ;  but  before  they  could  clear  the 
harbour,  the  shore  was  lined  with  soldiery  and  field-pieces, 
and,  grounding,  became  exposed  to  a  very  severe  fire.     Cap- 
tain Coombe  was  in  the  act  of  giving  orders  to  abandon  the 
vessels,  when  he  was  struck  by  a  24-pound  shot,  and  ex- 

1  Mr.  Fair  was  made  a  lieutenant,  and  afterwards  gained  the  rank  of 
captain. 


256  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   CIGNE.  [1808. 

claiming  "I  die  contented  ;  I  die  for  my  country  !"  expired. 
Lieutenant  Lawrence,  who  was  wounded  in  the  arm,  after 
abandoning  the  captures,  succeeded  at  about  Gli.  a.m.,  without 
any  additional  loss,  in  returning  to  his  ship.  This  exploit 
is  distinguished  as  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  morning  of  the  12th  of  December,  the  French 
16-gun  brig  Cigne,  and  two  armed  schooners,  laden  with 
provisions  and  stores  for  Martinique,  were  discovered  at 
anchor  off  the  Pearl  Rock,  by  Lieutenant  John  Brown,  of 
the  brig  Morne-Fortunee,  intelligence  of  which  was  imme- 
diately signalled  to  acting  Captain  Francis  Augustus  Collier, 
who  in  the  32-gun  frigate  Circe,  was  in  charge  of  a  small 
squadron,  stationed  between  that  rock  and  the  town  of 
St.  Pierre.  Captain  Collier  observing  one  of  the  schooners 
endeavouring  to  reach  St.  Pierre's,  determined  to  cut  her  off 
if  possible,  and  the  Circe  in  company  with  the  18-gun  ship- 
sloop  Stork  and  16-gun  brig  Epervier,  Commanders  George 
Le  Geyt  and  Thomas  Tudor  Tucker,  with  the  schooner 
Express,  Lieutenant  William  Dowers,  stood  in  shore  accord- 
ingly. Unable  to  avoid  the  Circe,  the  schooner  ran  on  shore 
under  a  four-gun  battery,  which  was  flanked  by  two  other 
batteries,  and  the  vessel  was  farther  protected  by  a  party  of 
soldiers  who  had  been  tracking  her  along  shore  from  her 
anchorage  near  the  Pearl  Rock.  The  Circe,  Stork,  and  gun- 
brig  anchored  within  pistol-shot  of  the  batteries,  and  after 
.a  short  time  silenced  them,  and  drove  the  troops  from  the 
beach. 

Before  completing  this  service,  however,  Captain  Collier, 
observing  that  the  Cigne  and  remaining  schooner  were 
landing  their  cargoes,  ordered  Lieutenant  Brown  to  remain 
by  the  schooner  on  shore,  and  await  the  arrival  of  the  Eper- 
vier to  destroy  her ;  then  making  sail,  he  stood  with  the 
Circe,  Stork,  and  Express,  towards  the  Cigne  and  consort. 
These  two  vessels  were  now  lying  close  to  the  rock,  under 
the  protection  of  four  batteries  and  a  considerable  number 
of  field-pieces  and  troops  on  the  mainland.  Judging  it 
practicable,  notwithstanding  the  formidable  nature  of  the 
defences  of  the  vessels,  to  effect  their  capture,  the  barge  and 
two  cutters  of  the  Circe  were  placed  under  the  command  of. 
Lieutenant  James  Crooke,  with  William  Smith,  master, 
William  Collman,  purser,  and  —  Thomas,  carpenter  ;  but  the 


1808.]  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   CIGNE. 


257 


orders  of  Lieutenant  Crooke  were,  not  to  proceed  to  the 
attack  of  the  brig  until  the  guns  of  the  Circe  and  Stork  had 
caused  her  fire  to  slacken.  The  boats  of  the  Stork  were 
also  manned,  ready  to  co-operate  at  the  proper  time  with 
the  boats  of  the  Circe.  The  Circe  and  Stork  then  stood  in 
to  engage  the  batteries  and  vessels  ;  but  they  had  scarcely 
commenced  firing,  when  Lieutenant  Crooke  most  gallantly 
but  unadvisedly,  without  waiting  for  the  Stork's  boats  or 
the  issue  of  the  fire  of  the  two  ships,  dashed  on  at  the 
Cigne  The  attack  was  most  unfortunate— the  boats  were 
defeated  with  dreadful  slaughter.  One  boat  was  taken,  the 
second  sunk  and  the  third,  in  a  disabled  state,  reached 
the  ship  ;  but  out  of  the  sixty-eight  men  who  had  embarked 
only  twelve  returned.  Nine  men  were  killed,  twenty-one 
wounded,  and  twenty-six  missing,  being  prisoners  or  drowned. 
Lieutenant  Crooke  and  Mr.  Collman  were  both  badly 
wounded,  the  former  in  four  places. 

As  it  was  by  this  time  quite  dark,  the  Circe  and  Stork 
were  obliged  to  stand  off  shore ;  and  soon  afterwards  they 
were   joined  by  the  18-gun  brig  Amaranthe,  Commander 
Edward  Pelham  Brenton.     At  daylight  on  the   13th  the 
Cigne  got  underweigh,  and,  assisted  by  her  boats  and  sweeps 
endeavoured   to  reach  St.  Pierre's  ;    but  Captain  Brenton 
having  gallantly  volunteered  his  services  to  destroy  her  with 
the  Amaranthe    that  brig  was  taken  in  tow  by  the  boats  of 
the  Circe  and  Stork,  and  every  exertion  made  to  bring  her 
near  the  enemy.     At  lOh.  a.m.,  the  Cigne  took  the  ground 
near  several  batteries  to  the  northward  of  St.  Pierre's,  and 
the  Amaranthe,   after  much  exertion,  during  which  she  was 
exposed  to  a  constant  fire  from  guns  and  batteries  erected  on 
every  point  of  land  available  for  the  purpose,  succeeded  in 
getting   tolerably   close    to   her.     The    Amaranthe's    well- 
directed  fire  soon  compelled  the  crew  of  the  Cigne  to  quit 
the  vessel,  when  her  boats,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  James 
Hay    in  company  with  those  of  the  Circe  and  Stork,  gal- 
lantly boarded  and  carried  the  French  brig,  in  the  face  of  a 
heavy  fire  from  the  batteries  and  troops  drawn  up  on  the 
beach.     The  Cigne  having  bilged,  it  was  found  impossible  to 
get  her  off,  and  she  was  therefore  destroyed.     The  second 
schooner  being  also  on  shore,  was  destroyed  oy  the  Ama- 
ranthe s  boats  and  the  schooner  Express.     Joshua  Jones,  the 


VOL.  II. 


258  DESTRUCTION  OF  THE  CIGNE.  [1808. 

master  of  the  brig,  was  wounded  on  this  occasion,  and  one 
man  belonging  to  the  Express  was  killed  and  three  wounded. 
Thus  this  service  was  at  length  performed  ;  and  but  for  the 
unhappy  rashness  of  Lieutenant  Crooke,  who,  however,  paid 
dearly  for  it,  must  have  been  effected  with  little  or  no 
casualty,  instead  of  the  lamentable  loss  with  which  it  was 
attended.  Captains  Collier  and  Brenton  were  promoted  for 
this  service,  and  the  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  all 
engaged  in  it. 


1809.1  CONFIANCE   AND    TOPAZE.  259 


1809. 

On  the  8th  of  December  of  the  preceding  year,  Captain 
James  Lucas  Yeo,  in  command  of  a  small  expedition,  which 
he,  by  permission  of  Rear- Admiral  Sir  W.  Sidney  Smith, 
had  fitted  out,  consisting  of  the  20-gun  ship  Confiance,  two 
Portuguese  brigs,  and  some  smaller  vessels,  having  on  board 
500  Portuguese  troops,  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  Marques, 
landed  and  took  peaceable  possession  of  the  district  of 
Oyapok,  in  French  Guyane.  Having  succeeded  thus  far, 
Captain  Yeo  determined  to  attempt  the  capture  of  Cayenne ; 
and  after  much  hard  fighting  against  Victor  Hugo  and  his 
troops,  the  town  surrendered  on  the  14th  of  January,  1809. 
The  British,  in  making  the  conquest  of  this  extensive  terri- 
tory, sustained  a  loss  of  Lieutenant  of  marines  John  Read, 
killed,  and  twenty-three  men  wounded  ;  and  the  Portuguese, 
of  one  killed  and  eight  wounded.  Since  the  15th  of 
December,  the  men  landed  from  the  Confiance  had  not  slept 
in  their  beds,  and  for  three  weeks  their  fatigue  was  incessant ; 
nor  were  their  hardships  lessened  by  the  weather,  which  was 
throughout  very  inclement.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  for 
the  taking  of  Cayenne. 

On  the  13th  of  January,  while  the  Confiance  was  lying  at 
anchor  in  the  harbour  of  Cayenne,  having  only  twenty-five 
seamen  and  twenty  negroes  on  board,  and  commanded  by 
Mr.  George  Yeo,  the  captain's  brother  (a  mere  lad,  whose 
only  officer  was  Edward  Bryant,  midshipman),  the  French 
40-gun  frigate  Thopaze  appeared  in  the  offing.  The  Con- 
fiance was  instantly  got  underweigh  by  her  youthful  com- 
manding officer,  and  stood  out  to  meet  the  enemy  ;  who, 
discouraged  by  the  bold  front  assumed  by  the  British  sloop 
of  war,  hauled  to  the  wind  and  made  for  another  port,  at 
which  we  are  about  to  record  her  capture. 

On  the  1st  of  January,  at  daylight,  the  10-gun  brig  Onyx 
(eight  18-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  sixes,  and  a  crew 
of  seventy-five  men   and   boys),   Commander  Charles  Gill, 

s2 


260  ONYX    AND    MANLY.  [1809. 

cruising  in  the  North  Sea,  came  in  sight  of  a  sail  on  the  lee- 
bow,  standing  to  the  southward.  The  stranger,  which  was 
the  Dutch  (late  British)  16-gun  brig  Manly  (twelve  18- 
pounder  carronades  and  four  brass  sixes,  with  ninety-four 
men  and  boys),  Captain  W.  Heneyman,  hoisted  her  colours, 
and  hove  to,  awaiting  the  attack.  At  8h.  a.m.  the  Onyx 
bore  down  and  brought  the  Manly  to  close  action ;  and 
continued  to  engage  until  lOh.  30m.,  when  the  Dutch  brig, 
having  had  five  men  killed  and  six  wounded,  several  of  her 
guns  disabled,  and  her  masts  and  rigging  much  damaged, 
struck  her  colours.  The  Onyx  had  only  three  men  wounded. 
Commander  Gill,  who  obtained  post  rank,  mentioned  in  his 
official  letter  in  such  strong  terms  the  assistance  received 
from  his  first  lieutenant,  Edward  Wm.  Garrett,  that  that 
officer  also  obtained  promotion.  Lieutenant  "William  Tre- 
wren,  the  acting  master,  G.  D.  Louis,  and  the  purser, 
Zachariah  Webb,  were  also  honourably  mentioned.  The 
Manly  was  restored  to  her  station  in  the  British  navy.  The 
naval  medal  is  granted  for  this  action. 

On  the  2nd  of  January,  the  32-gun  frigate  Aimable, 
Captain  Lord  George  Stuart,  being  off  the  Texel,  chased  for 
twenty-four  hours  and  captured,  after  a  running  fight  of  a 
few  minutes,  the  French  corvette  Iris,  of  twenty-two  carro- 
nades (24-pounders)  and  two  long  8-pounders,  with  a  com- 
plement of  140  men,  commanded  by  Captain  Macquet.  The 
Aimable  had  two  men  slightly  wounded,  and  the  Iris  two 
men  killed  and  eight  wounded.  The  prize,  being  a  fine  new 
ship  of  587  tons,  was  added  to  the  British  navy  as  a  28-gun 
ship,  and  named  the  Rainbow. 

On  the  5th  of  January,  at  noon,  latitude  39°  24'  north, 
longitude  11°  41'  west,  the  38-gun  frigate  Loire,  Captain 
Alexander  Wilmot  Schomberg,  fell  in  with,  and  at  8h.  p.m., 
after  a  short  action,  captured  the  French  20-gun  corvette 
Hebe,  bound  to  St.  Domingo,  having  on  board  600  barrels  of 
flour.  The  Hebe  measured  601  tons,  and  was  added  to  the 
British  navy  by  the  name  of  Ganymede,  a  Hebe  being 
already  in  the  service.  Another  deck  was  put  upon  her, 
and  she  mounted  in  the  British  service,  in  the  whole,  thirty- 
two  guns. 

On  the   22nd  of  January,  at  7h.    a.m.,  the  18-gun  ship- 


1809.]  CAPTURE  OF  THE  TOPAZE.  261 

sloop  Hazard,  Commander  Hugh.  Cameron,  cruising  off 
Guadaloupe,  discovered  in  the  south-west  a  ship  and  a 
schooner,  standing  in  for  the  land.  The  Hazard  bore  up  for 
the  ship,  which  was  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Topaze,  Cap- 
tain Lahalle,  from  Brest,  bound  to  Cayenne,  with  1,100 
barrels  of  flour,  but  finding  that  port  blockaded,  was  now  on 
her  way  to  Guadaloupe.  At  9h.  a.m.  the  12-pounder 
32-gun  frigate  Cleopatra,  Captain  Samuel  J.  B.  Pechell,  hove 
in  sight  in  the  south-east,  and  about  the  same  time  the 
38-gun  frigate  Jason,  Captain  William  Maude,  was  also  seen 
to  the  southward.  The  Topaze,  having  now  no  alternative, 
ran  close  in  shore,  and  at  llh.  a.m.  anchored,  with  springs  on 
her  cable,  under  a  small  battery  to  the  southward  of  Pointe 
Noire.  At  4h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Cleopatra  being  within  musket- 
shot  of  the  frigate,  and  about  200  yards  from  the  shore,  the 
Topaze  opened  her  fire.  The  Cleopatra  having  anchored  on 
the  enemy's  starboard  bow,  returned  her  opponent's  fire,  and 
in  a  short  time  having  shot  away  the  outer  spring  of  the 
Topaze,  that  ship  tailed  in  shore,  having  her  head  towards 
the  Cleopatra,  who  raked  her  with  considerable  effect.  About 
forty  minutes  after  the  commencement  of  the  action,  the 
Jason  and  Hazard  arrived  up  ;  the  frigate  anchoring  on  the 
starboard  quarter  of  the  Topaze,  whilst  the  Hazard  engaged 
the  battery.  Thus  assailed,  the  French  frigate,  having  no 
chance  of  escape,  at  5h.  20m.  p.m.,  hauled  down  her  colours. 
The  Cleopatra,  which  alone  sustained  any  loss,  had  two  men 
killed  and  one  wounded  ;  her  damages  were  chiefly  confined 
to  her  rigging.  The  Topaze,  out  of  430  men,  had  twelve  killed 
and  fourteen  wounded.  The  prize  (the  same  ship  which 
captured  the  Blanche)  was  added  to  the  British  navy  as  an 
18-pounder  38-gun  frigate,  and  named  the  Alcmene,  a  Topaze 
being  already  in  the  service. 

On  the  8th  of  February,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Amphion,  Captain  William  Hoste,  and  18-gun  brig  Redwing, 
Commander  Edward  A.  Down,  under  cover  of  the  fire  of  the 
two  ships,  landed  on  the  island  of  Melita,  and  destroyed  two 
warehouses  and  brought  off  three  guns,  although  the  place 
was  defended  by  upwards  of  400  French  troops.  The  boats 
were  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Charles  G.  R.  Phillott. 

On  the  10th  of  February,  the  French  18-pounder  40-gun 


262  CAPTURE   OF   THE  JUNOtf.  [1809. 

frigate  Junon,  Captain  Rousseau,  was  chased  off  the  Virgin 
Islands  by  the  16 -gun  brigs  Asp  and  Superieure  (the  latter 
with  only  four  guns  mounted),  Commanders  Robert  Preston 
and  William  Ferrie.  The  Asp  was  soon  left  far  astern,  but 
the  Superieure  continued  with  the  most  persevering  gallantry 
to  follow  the  enemy.  In  the  course  of  the  day,  the  38-gun 
frigates  Latona  and  Horatio,  Captains  Hugh  Pigot  and 
George  Scott,  joined  in  the  pursuit,  and  the  Horatio  succeeded 
in  getting  alongside  of  and  engaging  the  enemy.  Sub- 
sequently the  18-gun  corvette  Driver,  Commander  Charles 
Claridge,  aided  in  the  chase  and  running  fight,  and  the 
Junon  at  length  surrendered  'to  her  united  foes.  The  con- 
spicuous conduct  of  Commander  Ferrie  in  the  Superieure 
has  lately  been  acknowledged  by  the  grant  of  the  naval 
medal  to  those  engaged  in  that  brig. 

The  Horatio  had  George  Gunter,  midshipman,  and  six 
seamen  killed ;  and  Captain  Scott,  Lieutenant  Manly  Hall 
Dixon,  Andrew  Lock,  boatswain,  and  fourteen  seamen  badly, 
and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Richard  Blakeney,  Robert  King, 
master's  mate,  and  seven  men  slightly  wounded.  The  Latona, 
not  having  been  able  to  get  close  to  the  enemy,  had  only  one 
midshipman,  John  Hoope,  and  five  men .  slightly  wounded, 
and  on  board  the  Driver  one  man  only  was  wounded  ; 
making  the  total  loss  seven  killed  and  thirty-three  wounded. 
The  Junon's  loss,  out  of  a  crew  of  323  men,  amounted  to 
130  in  killed  and  wounded  :  a  tolerable  proof  that  the  ship 
was  not  given  away.  There  is  no  doubt  that  the  principal, 
if  not  the  whole  of  this  loss,  was  caused  by  the  Horatio's 
fire  ;  and,  indeed,  the  French  commanding  officer  refused  to 
deliver  up  his  sword  except  to  Captain  Scott.  The  Junon's 
foremast  fell  soon  after  she  had  surrendered,  and  her  damages 
were  very  extensive.  Being  nearly  a  new  ship,  she  was 
added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  same  name.  Lieutenant 
Dixon,  senior  of  the  Horatio,  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
commander,  and  the  naval  medal  has  been  granted  for  that 
ship  also. 

On  the  14th  of  February,  the  38-gun  frigate  Belle  Poule, 
Captain  James  Brisbane,  chased  the  French  frigate-built 
26-gun  store-ship  Var,  and  drove  her  for  protection  under 
the  fortress  of  Velona,  in  the  island  of  Corfu.     On  the  15th 


1809.]  CAPTURE   OF   MARTINIQUE.  263 

the  Yar  was  attacked  at  her  anchorage,  and  after  a  slight 
resistance  hauled  down  her  colours,  the  crew  escaping  to  the 
shore.  The  prize  measured  770  tons,  and,  under  the  name 
of  Chichester,  was  added  to  the  British  navy. 

On  the  night  of  the  28th  of  February,  the  British 
12-pounder  32-gun  frigate  Proserpine,  Captain  Charles  Otter, 
watching  the  French  fleet  in  Toulon,  was  captured  by  four 
frigates,  after  a  most  gallant  resistance  and  using  every 
practicable  means  of  escape.  Out  of  211  men  and  boys, 
which  comprised  at  the  time  the  crew  of  the  British  frigate, 
she  had  one  seaman  killed  and  ten  wounded,  one  mortally. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  Martinique  was  surrendered  to 
the  undermentioned  British  force  : — 

Guns.        Ships. 

!Eear-Adm.  Hon.  Sir  Alex.  Inglis  Cochrane, 
KB.  (red) 
Captain  Thomas  F.  Pinto 

(  Pompee    ._     Commodore  George  Cockburn 
h  .  \  York    . .  ._.     Captain  Robert  Barton 
'    1  Belleisle   . .         „         William  Charles  Fahie 

(  Captain  . .  „  James  Atholl  Wood 
64  Intrepid  . .  „  C.  J.  W.  Nesham. 
Frigates,  &c. — Acasta,  P.  Beaver ;  Penelope,  John  Dick  ;  Ethalion, 
Thos.  Cochrane  ;  iEolus,  Lord  Wm.  Fitzroy  ;  Circe,  F.  A.  Collier  ; 
Ulysses,  Edw.  Woolcombe  ;  Cleopatra,  S.  J.  B.  Pechell ;  Gloire,  James 
Carthew  ;  Eurydice,  James  Bradshaw.  Sloops,  &c. — Cherub,  T.  T. 
Tucker ;  Fawn,  Hon.  Geo.  A.  Crofton ;  Goree,  Com.  R.  Spear ; 
Pelorus,  Thos.  Huskisson  ;  Star,  Wm.  Paterson  ;  Stork,  G.  Le  Geyt  ; 
Amaranthe,  E.  P.  Brenton  ;  Demerara,  W.  Dowers ;  Eclair,  G.  J. 
Evelyn  ;  Forester,  John  Richards ;  Frolic,  T.  Whinyates  ;  Liberty, 
John  Coode ;  Pultusk,  Geo.  Pringle ;  Recruit,  Chas.  Napier ;  Wol- 
verine, John  Simpson  ;  Snap,  J.  P.  Stewart  ;  Express,  Wm.  Malone  ; 
Haughty,  John  Mitchell ;  Swinger,  Fras.  Bligh  ;  Mosambique,  Wm. 
Atkins  ;  Port  d'Espagne,  David  Kennedy ;  Surinam,  John  Lake  ; 
Ringdove,  Geo.  Andrews  ;  Bellette,  Geo.  Saunders ;  Bacchus,  C.  D. 
Jeremy  ;  Subtle,  Chas.  Brown. 

To  the  above  was  added  a  fleet  of  transports,  containing 
about  10,000  troops,  commanded  by  Xieutenant-General 
Beckwith.  Six  seamen  were  killed  and  nineteen  wounded 
while  serving  on  shore  with  the  military.  The  naval  medal 
is  granted  for  all  the  abovenamed  ships. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  a  British  squadron,  consisting  of 
the  following — 


264  DESTRUCTION   OF   THREE   FRENCH    FRIGATES.       [1809 

Guns.  Ships. 

(  p  I  Rear-Adm.  Hon.  Robert  Stopford  (blue) 

\  Caesar j  Captain  Charles  Richardson 

j  Defiance  .  .  „         Henry  Hotham 

(  Donegal   .  .  „         Peter  Heywood  (acting) 

38     Amelia     . .         „         Hon.  Frederick  P.  Irby 

drove  on  shore  and  destroyed,  under  the  powerful  batteries  of 
the  town  of  Sable  d'Olonne,  the  three  French  40-gun  frigates 
Italienne,  Calypso,  and  Cybele.  The  Defiance  and  Donegal 
alone  sustained  any  loss,  the  former  having  bad  two  men 
killed  and  twenty-five  wounded,  and  the  latter  one  killed  and 
six  wounded  ;  but  all  the  ships  suffered  materially  in  masts 
and  yards  by  the  fire  of  the  batteries.  The  loss  sustained 
by  the  frigates  amounted  in  the  whole  to  twenty-four  killed 
and  fifty-one  wounded.  In  the  previous  chase  of  the  French 
frigates,  the  Amelia  was  distinguished. 

After  performing  this  important  service,  Rear-Admiral 
Stopford  returned  to  his  station  off  the  Chasseron  light- 
house,   and   discovered   at  anchor   in   Basque   Roads1    the 

1  Previously  to  the  Basque  Roads  affair,  Captain  Lucius  Hardy- 
man,  in  the  Unicorn,  had  command  of  the  in-shore  squadron.  The 
French,  in  order  to  drive  away  such  an  obstruction  to  their  coasting 
trade,  commenced  erecting  mortar  batteries,  which  induced  the  first 
lieutenant  of  the  Unicorn  (Samuel  Roberts)  to  volunteer  to  go  in  and 
destroy  the  enemy's  works,  although  it  was  well  known  that  a  number 
of  troops  and  four  gun-boats  were  employed  protecting  the  engineers. 
The  boats  of  the  squadron  were  signalled  to  rendezvous  at  the  point  of 
attack  ;  but  by  mistake  all  took  the  wrong  direction,  and  proceeded  in 
for  Oleron  Lighthouse.  With  the  Unicorn's  boats  alone,  Roberts 
pushed  on,  expecting  to  be  joined  by  the  others.  On  arriving  at  the 
point,  he  found  nine  instead  of  four  gun-boats  drawn  up  in  line  abreast. 
To  have  boarded  would  have  been  madness  ;  but  a  retreat  was  not 
relishable,  and  the  boats  drew  up  within  pistol-shot  of  the  enemy, 
waiting  the  arrival  of  reinforcements  ;  neither  party  fired,  and  the 
suspense  was  borne  for  a  quarter  of  an  hour,  when,  finding  no  succour 
at  hand,  the  launch  opened  fire  from  her  carronade,  and  the  gun-boats 
a  fire  of  musketry.  The  French  gun-boats,  each  armed  with  a  long  gun 
in  the  bow,  and  swivels  at  their  gun-wales,  and  full  of  soldiers,  returned 
the  fire  with  interest ;  and  a  retreat  was  inevitable,  but  Roberts  effected 
this  with  great  skill  and  bravery.  The  launch  being  towed  by  the  other 
boats,  kept  up  a  smart  fire,  which  prevented  the  gun-boat3  from  board- 
ing ;  and  in  this  manner  a  running  fight  took  place,  and  continued  until 
within  a  mile  of  the  Unicorn.  Lieutenant  Hamilton's  head  was  carried 
off  by  a  cannon-shot,  and  one  of  the  barge's  crew  (the  barge  commanded 
by  T.  L.  P.  Laugharne,  mate),  killed ;  several  men  were  wounded. — 
Marshall. 


1809.] 


BASQUE   ROADS. 


265 


following  ships,   which  were  commanded  by  Rear-Admiral 
Willauniez  : — 


SO 


Guns.  Ships. 

120     Ocean 

\  Foudroyant 
\  Varsovie 

!Tourville 
Jean  Bart 
Tonnerre 


Guns.  Ships. 

f  Aquilon 
I  Re"gulus 
74  -I  Cassard 
Jemappes 
I  Patriote 
50     Calcutta  (fMe) 


40-gun  frigates  Pallas  and  Hortense 

On  the  26th,  in  moving  this  squadron  to  Aix  Roads,  the 
Jean  Bart  got  on  the  Palles  Shoal  and  was  totally  wrecked. 

On  the  25th  of  February,  Rear-Admiral  Stopford  was 
joined  by  Captain  Beresford  in  the  74-gun  ship  Theseus, 
with  the  Revenge,  Hero,  Triumph,  and  Valiant,  Captains 
Hon.  Charles  Paget,  James  Newman  Newman,  Sir  Thomas 
Masterman  Hardy,  and  Alexander  Robert  Kerr.  With  the 
before-named  eight  sail  of  the  line,  and  the  frigates  Amelia, 
Amethyst,  Naiad,  and  Emerald,  Captains  Irby,  Seymour, 
Thomas  Dundas,  and  Maitland,  and  18-gun  sloop  Dotterel, 
Commander  Anthony  Abdy,  Rear- Admiral  Stopford  con- 
tinued blockading  the  above  force  until  the  7  th  of  March, 
when  Admiral  Lord  Gambier  arrived  and  took  the  command. 
Some  changes  and  additions  having  taken  place,  it  will  be  as 
well  to  give  a  complete  list  of  the  British  ships  assembled  in 
Basque  Roads  on  the  17th  of  March  : — 

Ships. 

i'  Adm.  Lord  Gambier  (blue) 
Captain  Sir  Harry  Neale,  Bart. 
William  Bedford 
\  Rear- Adm.  Hon.  Robt.  Stopford  (blue) 
(  Captain  Charles  Richardson 


Guns 
120 


80 


74 


Gibraltar  . 

Hero 

Donegal  . 
Resolution 
Theseus. .  . 
Illustrious 
Valiant .  .  . 
Bellona .  .  . 
Revenge   . 


Henry  L.  Ball 
James  N.  Newman 
Pulteney  Malcolm 
George  Burlton 
John  P.  Beresford 
William  R.  Broughton 
John  Bligh 
Stair  Douglas 
Alexander  Robert  Kerr 


On  the  19th  Lord  Gambier  received  an  intimation  from 
the  Admiralty  that  an  attempt  was  to  be  made  to  destroy 


266 


ARRIVAL   OF   LORD    COCHRANE. 


[1809. 


the  enemy's  fleet  by  fire-ships,  and  that  twelve  transports 
would  be  fitted  for  that  purpose  and  sent  to  him,  together 
with  several  bomb-vessels.  Captain  Lord  Cochrane,  who  had 
just  arrived  at  Plymouth  from  the  Mediterranean,  was 
appointed  to  conduct  the  expedition,  under  the  orders  of 
Lord  Gambier ;  and  on  the  3rd  of  April,  in  the  Imperieuse, 
joined  the  fleet  in  Basque  Roads.  Some  delay  taking  place 
in  the  arrival  of  fire-ships,  eight  transports  were  selected  for 
this  purpose,  and  the  cargoes  of  three  captured  chasse-marees, 
consisting  of  tar  and  resin,  applied  to  this  use.  The  Mediator 
store-ship  was  also  fitted  as  a  fire-ship  ;  and  three  explosion- 
vessels,  of  a  most  destructive  nature,  were  equipped  under 
the  immediate  inspection  of  Lord  Cochrane.  Between  the 
6th  and  the  12th,  the  ^Etna  and  fire-ships,  and  a  transport 
laden  with  Congreve  rockets,  and  having  Mr.  Congreve  on 
board,  arrived  ;  when  the  frigates  and  smaller  vessels  now 
with  the  fleet  were  as  follow  : — 


Captain 


Guns.  Ships, 

oo  j  Indefatigable 

(  Imperieuse 

Aigle „ 

36  <  Emerald „ 

(  Unicorn „ 

Pallas  .  .    

Mediator  (flute) ....         „ 

Beagle „ 

Dotterel Com 

Foxhound  ., „ 

1n  i  Lyra „ 

iU  j  Eedpole 


32 


18 


Bombs 
14 


j  Thunder , 
\  ^Etna  . .  . 


12 


Insolent Lieut. 

Encounter „ 

Conflict   „ 


Contest 

Martial 

Fervent 

..Growler 

Schooner  Whitim 


Lieutenant  Henry 
Nimrod  and  King  George,  Mates 
Mekeek. 


John  Tremaine  Rodd 
Lord  Cochrane 
George  Wolfe 
Fred.  Lewis  Maitland 
Lucius  Hardyman 
Geo.  Fran.  Seymour 
James  Wooldridge 
Francis  Newcombe 
Anthony  Abdy 
Pitt  Burnaby  Greene 
William  Bevians 
John  Joyce 
James  Caulfield 
William  Godfrey 
John  Row  Morris 
James  Hugh  Talbot 
Joseph  B.  Batt 
John  Gregory 
William  Walker 
John  Edward  Hare 
Richard  Crossman 
Wildey.      Hired  armed  cutters 
Edward  Tapley   and  Thomas 


The  French  fleet  was  now  commanded  by  Yice-Admiral 
Allemand,  who  anchored  the  ships  in  a  double  line  with  their 
heads  to  the  north-east.    The  van  ship  of  the  outer  line  bore 


1809.1 


POSITIONS    OF   THE   FLEETS. 


267 


due  south  of  the  battery  on  the  southern  point  of  the  Isle 
d'Aix,  and  was  distant  from  it  640  yards.  The  two  lines 
were  about  250  yards  distant  from  each  other,  and  170  yards 
between  the  ships  of  their  own  line.  At  about  700  yards  in 
advance  of  the  outer  or  northernmost  line  were  the  three 
frigates  Pallas,  Hortense,  and  Indienne. 

The  following  elucidation  of  the  positions  occupied  by  the 
ships  may  be  serviceable  : — 

Indienne.      Hortense.      Pallas. 
Foudroyant.      Varsovie.      Ocean.      Kegulus.      Cassard.      Calcutta. 

Tonnerre.     Patriote.     Jemappes.     Aquilon.     Tourville.     Elbe. 

At  the  distance  of  110  yards  in  front  of  the  line  of 
frigates,  a  boom  half  a  mile  in  length,  composed  of  the 
largest  cables,  which  were  floated  by  buoys,  was  thrown 
across  the  channel  leading  from  Basque  Roads  to  the  anchor- 
age of  Aix,  and  moored  by  the  heaviest  anchors  to  be 
procured,  having  its  northern  extremity  within  100  yards  of 
•the  rocks,  which  lay  off  the  southern  end  of  Aix.  The 
line-of-battle  ships  were  so  moored  that  the  broadside  of 
each  bore  upon  the  boom.  We  here  insert  a  sketch  of  the 
scene  of  warfare. 


OHv/jmyifiilW 


A 


268  ATTACK   BY   FIRE-SHIPS.  [1809. 

The  batteries  protecting  the  anchorage  mounted  upwards 
of  thirty  guns  (36-pounders),  and  several  mortars.  The 
French  ships  were  fully  prepared  for  the  threatened  attack, 
and  a  large  number  of  boats  and  armed  launches  assembled 
near  the  boom  every  night  to  be  ready  to  tow  away  the  fire- 
ships  and  to  protect  the  boom.  The  ships  were  all  lying  with 
their  topgallant-masts  on  deck,  topmasts  struck,  and  sails 
unbent. 

On  the  11th  of  April  the  Imprrieuse  anchored  near  the 
Boyart  shoal,  and  the  Aigle,  Unicorn,  and  Pallas  a  short  dis- 
tance to  the  north-west  of  the  Imperieuse,  to  be  in  readiness 
to  receive  the  crews  of  the  fire-ships  on  their  return,  and 
support  the  boats  of  the  fleet  appointed  to  accompany  the 
fire-ships.  The  Whiting,  King  George,  and  Nimrod,  which 
had  been  fitted  for  throwing  Congreve  rockets,  also  took  up 
a  position  near  the  shoal.  The  -ZEtna  was  placed  near  the 
north-west  of  Aix,  covered  by  the  Indefatigable  and  Fox- 
hound. The  Emerald,  Beagle,  Dotterel,  Conflict,  and 
Growler  were  stationed  at  the  east  end  of  the  island,  to 
create  a  diversion,  and  the  Redpole  and  Lyra,  with  ligpts 
hoisted  which  were  screened  from  the  enemy's  view,  were 
stationed  one  near  the  shoal  at  the  north-west  of  the  island, 
and  the  other  close  to  the  Boyart  shoal,  to  direct  the  fire- 
vessels  in  their  course  to  the  attack.  The  line-of-battle 
ships  were  in  Basque  Roads,  about  seven  miles  from  the 
French  fleet. 

About  8h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  night  being  very  dark,  the  wind 
blowing  strong  from  north-west,  and  the  tide  running  two 
and  a  half  miles  an  hour,  the  Mediator  and  other  fire-vessels 
cut  their  cables  and  made  sail.  One  of  the  explosion-vessels 
was  swept  from  the  stern  of  the  Imperieuse  by  an  early 
abandoned  fire-ship  ;  but  the  remaining  two — one  conducted 
by  Lord  Cochrane  in  person,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  William 
Bissell  and  four  seamen — proceeded  towards  the  Isle  of  Aix, 
and  when  within  three-quarters  of  a  mile  of  the  French  line 
were  ignited.  Each  vessel  containing  1,500  barrels  of  powder 
started  into  puncheons  up-headed,  and  secured  together  by 
cables  passed  round  them,  and  jammed  together  with  wedges, 
having  moistened  sand  rammed  down  between  them,  and  on 
the  top  of  this  mass  of  gunpowder  lay  more  than  300  live 
shells  and  many  thousand  hand-grenades. 


1809.]  BREAKING  THE  BOOM.  269 

Many  of  the  fire-ships  were  ignited  and  abandoned  too 
early,  but  others  were  admirably  conducted,  and  especially 
the  Mediator.  This  ship,  moving  rapidly  by  the  strength  of 
the  wind,  and  a  tide  running  nearly  four  knots,  broke  the 
boom,  and  opened  a  clear  passage  for  her  followers.  So 
determined  was  her  gallant  captain  to  do  the  work  effectually, 
that  himself  and  his  crew  were  nearly  falling  sacrifices  to 
his  perseverance.  The  gunner,  James  Segges,  was  killed ; 
and  Captain  "Wooldridge,  Lieutenants  Nicholas  B.  Clements 
and  James  Pearl,  and  one  seaman  were  blown  out  of  the 
ship ;  they  were  picked  up,  the  three  latter  slightly,  but 
Captain  Wooldridge  severely  scorched.  On  board  the  other 
fire-ships  two  seamen  were  killed  belonging  to  the  Caesar  ; 
and  acting  Lieutenant  William  Flintoft  and  one  seaman 
died  from  fatigue  in  the  boat.  Masters'  mates  Richard 
Francis  Jewers  and  John  Conyers,  of  the  Gibraltar,  were 
both  severely  scorched  by  powder.  Among  those  who 
waited  the  proper  time  before  setting  fire  to  the  trains  of 
their  vessels  were  Captains  Wooldridge  (above  mentioned), 
Newcombe,  of  the  Beagle,  and  Joyce,  of  the  Redpole  ;  and 
Lieutenant  John  Cookesley,  of  the  Gibraltar  :  all  of  whom 
were  exposed  to  imminent  danger  in  their  endeavours  to 
regain  the  advanced  .frigates,  having  to  pull  against  a  strong 
tide  and  heavy  head-sea,  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy 
and  flight  of  the  Congreve  rockets,  which  took  every  direction. 
The  boats  of  the  fleet,  under  direction  of  Bear-Admiral 
Stopford,  had  been  ordered  to  support  the  fire-ships,  and 
were  assembled  alongside  the  Caesar  for  that  purpose  ;  but, 
in  consequence  of  the  boisterous  state  of  the  weather,  the 
rear-admiral  did  not  think  it  expedient  to  proceed  with 
them.  The  sky  soon  became  illumined  by  the  glare  of  so 
many  burning  objects  ;  the  flashes  of  the  guns  from  the 
forts  and  enemy's  ships,  the  flights  of  shells  and  rockets 
from  the  fire-vessels,  conspired  to  form  a  scene  of  the  most 
awfully  grand  description.  At  the  commencement  of  the 
attack,  the  wind  was  so  strong  that  the  explosions  of  the 
fire-vessels  were  not  heard  on  board  the  British  fleet ;  but 
the  effect  of  the  heavy  filing  after  a  time  lulled  it  con- 
siderably. 

At  about  9h.  30m.  one  of  the  fire-vessels  exploded  close 
to  the  boom,  about  120  yards  from  the  Indienne,  and  ten 


270  FRENCH   snips   ON   SHORE.  [1809. 

minutes  afterwards  a  second,  much  closer  to  her,  blew  up- 
At  9h.  45m.  the  Mediator  broke  through  the  boom,  and 
became  a  target  for  the  French  ships  ;  and  the  frigates  in 
advance  cut  their  cables  and  made  sail.  The  Hortense 
passed  to  windward  of  some  of  the  fire-ships,  into  which  she 
discharged  several  broadsides,  after  which  she  ran  down  with 
her  consorts  to  the  rear  of  the  line-of-battle  ships.  A  fire- 
vessel  fouled  the  Regulus,  and  remained  attached  for  a  quar- 
ter of  an  horn-,  but  the  ship  escaped  without  material  injury. 
The  Ocean  cut  to  avoid  a  fire-ship,  but  while  aground  the 
fire-ship  grappled  her,  and  in  this  situation  the  Tonnerre  and 
Patriote  also  got  entangled.  By  great  exertion  the  fire- 
vessel  was  boomed  off,  but  more  than  fifty  men  were  lost  in 
effecting  it.  Such  was  the  terror  inspired  by  the  approach 
of  the  flaming  vessels,  that  every  French  ship,  except  the 
Foudroyant,  cut  or  slipped  their  cables.  The  Cassard,  how- 
ever, brought  up  again  ;  but  at  midnight  thirteen  French 
ships  were  aground,  and  at  daylight  on  the  12th  their 
situations  are  thus  described  : — Ocean  on  the  mud,  about 
half  a  mile  south-east  of  her  former  anchorage  ;  Yarsovie 
and  Aquilon,  about  500  yards  south-west  of  the  Ocean,  on  a 
bed  of  rocks  called  the  Charenton.  Near  to  these  were  the 
Regulus  and  Jemappes.  The  Tonnerre  was  aground  on  a 
sand-bank,  200  yards  to  the  eastward  of  the  rock  of  Pontra, 
and  between  the  isles  of  Madame  and  Enet.  This  ship 
since  2h.  a.m.  had  thrown  all  her  guns,  except  ten  36- 
pounders,  overboard,  and  had  cut  away  her  mainmast ;  but 
had  already  bilged.  Close  to  the  wreck  of  the  Jean  Bart, 
on  the  extremity  of  the  Palles,  lay  the  Calcutta.  The 
Patriote  and  Tourville  were  on  the  mud  on  the  north  side  of 
Madame,  near  the  channel  of  the  Charente.  The  Indienne  lay 
about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  to  the  eastward  of  the  Ocean, 
upon  the  mud  off  Enet.  The  frigates  Hortense  and  Elbe 
were  on  the  Fontenelles,  and  the  Pallas  upon  the  mud  near 
the  entrance  of  the  Charente.  All  the  grounded  ships, 
especially  those  on  the  Palles,  were  upon  the  heel,  and  most 
of  them  appeared  in  a  very  desperate  situation. 

The  falling  of  the  tide  obliged  the  Imperieuse  at  daylight 
to  weigh  and  stand  out ;  Lord  Cochrane  them  made  the  fol- 
lowing telegraphic  signals  to  the  Caledonia,  lying  in  Basque 
Roads.      At  5h.   48m.  :    "  Half  the  fleet  can  destroy  the 


1809.]  lord  cochrane's  attack.  271 

enemy  ;  seven  on  shore."  At  6h.  40m.  :  "Eleven  on  shore." 
At  7h.  40m.  :  "  Only  two  afloat."  At  9h.  30m.  :  "  Enemy 
preparing  to  heave  off."  As  soon  as  the  tide  served,  the 
Imperieuse  re-anchored  close  to  the  Boyart  shoal,  the  south 
end  of  Isle  d'Aix  bearing  about  south-east. 

At  9h.  30m.  Lord  Gambier  telegraphed  to  the  fleet  : 
"  Prepare  with  sheet  and  spare  cables  out  of  stern  ports, 
and  springs  ready."  At  9h.  35m.  the  signal  was  made  to 
weigh,  and  for  the  captain  of  each  ship  to  repair  on  board 
the  Caledonia.  At  lOh.  the  captains  returned  to  their  re- 
spective ships,  which,  at  lOh.  45m.,  with  a  light  air  of  wind 
from  the  north-west,  weighed.  At  llh.  30m.  the  fleet 
re-anchored  at  the  distance  of  three  miles  from  Isle  d'Aix, 
and  about  six  miles  from  the  grounded  ships.  The  Valiant, 
Bellona,  and  Revenge,  with  the  frigates  and  sloops,  were 
then  ordered  to  anchor  as  close  as  possible  to  the  Boyart 
shoal,  to  be  ready  to  support  the  bomb-vessel  and  gun-brigs 
in  bombarding  the  enemy's  ships.  Observing  this  move- 
ment, the  Foudroyant  and  Cassard  cut  their  cables  and 
made  sail  for  the  Charente  ;  but  both  ships  ran  aground  near 
the  castle  and  a  little  to  the  southward  of  Point  Fouras. 
As  the  flood-tide  made,  all  the  ships  that  had  grounded 
righted,  and  their  crews  were  using  every  exertion  to  get 
them  again  into  deep  water. 

Lord  Cochrane  observing  that  the  enemy's  ships  were, 
one  by  one,  getting  afloat,  and  that  the  Calcutta,  Varsovie, 
and  Aquilon,  which  lay  in  the  most  eligible  positions  for  an 
attack,  were  carrying  out  anchors,  unwilling  to  lose  the 
reward  of  his  preceding  night's  successful  labours,  got  under- 
weigh  in  the  Imperieuse,  and,  without  waiting  for  orders, 
dropped  down  with  the  tide  towards  the  enemy.  At  lh. 
30m.  p.m.  Lord  Cochrane  ordered  sail  to  be  made  and  to 
steer  for  the  grounded  ships  on  the  Palles.  His  lordship 
then  made  the  signal  405  to  the  admiral,  "  The  enemy's 
ships  are  getting  under  sail ;"  and  ten  minutes  afterwards, 
378,  "The  enemy  is  superior  to  the  chasing  ship."  At  lh. 
45m.  No.  3  04,  "  The  ship  is  in  distress  and  requires  imme- 
diate assistance."  The  intention  of  these  signals  was  ob- 
viously to  induce  Lord  Gambier  to  order  some  of  the  ships 
near  him  to  the  assistance  of  the  Imperieuse,  thus  single- 
handed  advancing  upon  the  enemy. 


272  ATTEMPT   TO    DESTROY   THE    FRENCH.  [1809. 

At  2h.  p.m.  the  frigate  anchored  near  the  Palles  shoal 
in  five  fathoms,  and  having  brought  her  broadside,  by  means 
of  springs,  to  bear  upon  the  Calcutta's  starboard  quarter, 
commenced  firing  on  that  ship,  and  occasionally  with  her 
bow  and  forecastle  guns  at  the  Varsovie  and  Aquilon. 
Lord  Cochrane  perceiving  that  the  shot  from  the  carronades 
of  the  Insolent,  Growler,  and  Conflict,  which  had  followed 
him,  fell  short  of  the  Imperieuse,  directed  some  of  the 
frigate's  main-deck  guns  to  be  fired  at  or  near  to  them. 
The  hint  answered  the  purpose,  and  the  brigs  took  a  nearer 
position,  but  still  remained  outside  the  Imperieuse.  About 
this  time  the  Jemappes,  Patriote,  and  Regulus  succeeded  in 
heaving  off  the  bank  ;  but  grounded  again  on  the  mud  at 
the  entrance  of  the  Charente.  It  was  then  high  water,  and  the 
Ocean  was  afloat ;  but  this  ship  also  grounded  again,  about 
700  yards  nearer  the  channel  of  the  river. 

At  a  little  past  2h.  Lord  Gambier  made  the  Indefatiga- 
ble's  signal  to  weigh,  and  shortly  afterwards  the  remaining 
frigates  and  smaller  vessels  were  ordered  to  proceed  to  the 
assistance  of  the  Imperieuse.  At  about  2h.  30m.  the  Valiant 
and  Revenge  also  got  underweigh,  and  proceeded  towards 
the  scene  of  action.  At  3h.  20m.,  on  the  near  approach  of 
the  Indefatigable  and  other  ships,  the  Calcutta  ceased  firing  ; 
and,  as  the  crew  were  observed  abandoning  her,  Lord 
Cochrane  sent  a  midshipman  alongside  to  take  possession. 
Ten  minutes  afterwards  the  Indefatigable  anchored  on  the 
inner  and  starboard  quarter  of  the  Imperieuse,  and  directed 
her  fire  at  the  Calcutta  ;  but,  being  hailed  by  Lord  Cochrane 
and  informed  that  the  ship  had  already  surrendered,  her  guns 
were  turned  upon  the  Varsovie  and  Aquilon.  The  Aigle, 
Emerald,  and  Unicorn  took  their  stations  ahead  of  the 
Indefatigable.  In  a  short  time  the  Pallas  brought  up  ahead 
of  the  other  frigates,  the  Valiant  close  astern  of  the  Inde- 
fatigable, and  the  Revenge  about  700  yards  to  the  north- 
east of  the  Imperieuse.  The  British  squadron,  thus  formed 
in  a  crescent,  opened  a  heavy  and  destructive  fire  on  the 
Varsovie1  and  Aquilon,  both  of  which,   at  5h.   30m.,  gave 

1  Lieutenant  Samuel  Roberts,  of  the  Unicom,  distinguished  himself 
in  the  following  manner  : — At  intervals,  as  the  smoke  cleared  away, 
Captain  Hardyman  observed  the  crew  on  board  the  Varsovie  endeavouring 
to  strike  the  colours,  entangled  at  the  mizen-peak.     The  Unicorn's  fire 


1809.]  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   TONNERRE,    ETC.  273 

token  of  submission  by  shewing  an  English  union-jack  in 
the  mizen  chains.  About  this  time  the  Theseus  anchored 
between  the  Revenge  and  Valiant.  At  6h.  the  Tonnerre, 
lying  just  out  of  range  of  the  Revenge,  was  set  on  fire 
by  her  crew,  all  of  whom  landed  safely  on  Isle  Madame  ; 
and  at  7h.  30m.  that  ship  blew  up.  The  Calcutta  was  set 
on  fire  by  a  midshipman  of  the  Imperieuse,  and  at  8h.  40m. 
this  ship,  having  a  quantity  of  powder  and  ordnance  stores 
in  her  hold,  blew  up  with  a  tremendous  explosion. 

The  Revenge  and  Imperieuse  were  the  only  British  ships 
which  sustained  any  loss  in  attacking  the  grounded  ships. 
The  Revenge  had  two  marines  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
James  Garland,  five  seamen,  and  nine  marines  wounded. 
The  ship  was  hulled  in  several  places,  and  her  rigging  and 
sails  were  much  cut.  The  Imperieuse  suffered  in  her  sails 
and  rigging,  and  had  three  seamen  killed;  Assistant  Sur- 
geon Gilbert,  Mark  Marsden,  purser,  seven  seamen,  and  two 
marines  wounded.  It  is  remarkable,  that  although  the  bat- 
teries of  Aix  and  01ero;i  kept  up  a  constant  fire  of  shot 
and  shells,  and  the  wind  was  so  light  that  the  progress  of 
ships  under  all  sail  did  not  exceed  two  knots  an  hour, 
the  Revenge  and  Indefatigable  were  the  only  British  ships 
of  the  fourteen  engaged  that  suffered  at  all  from  them. 

The  captain  of  the  Aquilon  was  killed  by  the  side  of  Lord 
Cochrane  in  the  boat  of  the  Imperieuse,  by  a  shot  from  the 
guns  of  the  burning  Tonnerre.  The  Varsovie  had  upwards 
of  100  men  killed  and  wounded  ;  but  the  Aquilon's  loss  was 
slight,  owing  to  the  precaution  of  her  captain,  who  directed 
her  crew  to  lie  down  when  he  found  that  he  could  not  return 
the  enemy's  fire. 

As  the  Ocean,  Cassard,  Regulus,  Jemappes,  Tourville,  and 
Indienne  were  all  lying  aground  at  the  entrance  of  the 
Charente,  three  transports  were  hastily  converted  into  fire- 
ships,    and   at   5h.    30m.    p.m.  Rear-Admiral    Stopford  got 

ceased,  but  the  other  frigates  continued  their  fire7  Roberts  pushed  off 
in  the  gig,  boarded  the  ship  through  a  lower-deck  port,  and,  accompanied 
by  John  Newton,  the  coxswain,  made  his  way  (although  the  crew  were 
still  at  quarters)  to  the  poop.  Finding  an  English  jack  lying  among 
other  flags,  and  amidst  a  heap  of  killed  and  wounded,  he  sent  the  cox- 
swain to  the  mizen-topmast-head  with  the  flag  in  his  hand.  The  firing 
immediately  ceased,  and  the  French  captain  and  his  officers  delivered  up 
their  swords  to  Lieutenant  Roberts. — Marshall. 
VOL.  II.  T 


274  RENEWED   ATTACKS.  [1809. 

underweigh  with  the  Caesar,  accompanied  by  the  three  fire- 
ships  and  the  launches  of  the  fleet,  fitted  to  throw  Congreve 
rockets,  and  stood  towards  Aix  Roads,  receiving  from  the 
batteries  of  Aix  and  Oleron  a  passing  but  ineffectual  fire. 
At  7h.  40m.  the  Caesar  took  the  ground  on  the  southern 
extremity  of  the  Boy  art  shoal.  The  Valiant  had  grounded 
half  an  hour  previously,  and,  as  the  tide  was  ebbing  at  the 
time,  these  ships  did  not  float  again  until  lOh.  30m.  p.m. 
The  Revenge  found  out  a  safe  anchorage  in  five  and  a 
quarter  fathoms  water  at  the  lowest  ebb,  where  there  was 
room  for  six  sail  of  the  line,  and  it  was  in  endeavouring  to 
reach  this  anchorage  that  the  Valiant  grounded.  The  Inde- 
fatigable and  Imperieuse  also  grounded,  but  got  off  again 
without  damage.  About  8h.  all  the  remaining  frigates  and 
brigs,  except  the  Imperieuse,  weighed  and  anchored  along 
with  the  Revenge  in  the  Mamusson  passage. 

At  2h.  A.M.  on  the  13th,  the  wind  shifted  to  south-west, 
of  which  Rear-Admiral  Stopford  determined  to  take  ad- 
vantage, and  return  from  a  position  where  his  ships  were 
environed  with  shoals,  and  prevented  from  acting  with  effect. 
Accordingly  the  Caesar  weighed,  and  at  4h.  A.M.  anchored  in 
Little  Basque  Roads.  The  rear-admiral  committed  the  di- 
rection of  the  fire-ships  to  Captain  Bligh ;  but,  owing  to 
the  state  of  the  wind  and  weather,  nothing  could  be  done 
with  them  at  that  time.  The  Aquilon  and  Varsovie,  in 
possession  of  the  British,  being  considered  immovable,  were 
set  on  fire.  In  the  darkness  and  confusion  these  burning 
ships  were  taken  for  British  fire-ships,  and  many  ships  com- 
menced firing  upon  them  ;  the  captain  of  the  Tourville  was 
so  alarmed  by  them,  that  he  abandoned  the  ship  after  set- 
ting her  on  fire  in  two  places.  At  daylight,  however, 
Captain  Lacaille  perceiving  his  mistake,  and  that  the  ship 
had  not  suffered  by  his  own  rashness,  and  that  the  British 
ships  were  on  their  return  to  the  Basque  Roads,  ventured 
back  to  his  ship  with  about  250  men. 

At  5h.  a.m.  the  Valiant,  Theseus,  Revenge,  Indefatigable, 
Aigle,  Unicorn,  and  Emerald,  weighed  by  signal  from  the 
Caesar.  While  the  Imperieuse  was  passing  the  Indefati- 
gable, Lord  Cochrane  proposed  to  Captain  Rodd,  that  if  the 
Indefatigable  would  go  on  one  quarter  of  the  Ocean,  he  in 
the  Imperieuse  would  take  the  other.      This  Captain  Rodd 


1809.]  RENEWED  ATTACKS.  275 

declined,  alleging  as  his  reason,  that  he  should  not  be 
justified  in  acting  without  orders,  in  the  presence  of  two 
senior  officers,  Captains  Bligh  and  Beresford.  At  Gh.  30ni. 
the  Iniperieuse  and  Pallas,  the  latter  by  direction  of  Lord 
Cochrane,  anchored  together  with  the  Beagle  and  gun-brigs 
in  the  Mamusson  passage,  and  as  soon  as  the  tide  served, 
the  brigs  and  bomb-vessels  were  directed  by  Lord  Cochrane 
to  stand  in  shore,  and  attack  the  nearest  ship  aground  at  the 
entrance  of  the  Charente,  intending  to  follow  with  the 
frigates  as  soon  as  the  rising  of  the  tide  would  permit  him. 
At  llh.  the  Beagle,  iEtna,  Fervent,  Growler,  Conflict,  Con- 
test, and  Encounter,  with  the  rocket  cutters  Nimrod  and 
King  George,  came  to  anchor  and  commenced  firing  upon 
the  Ocean.  Regulus,  and  Indienne.  The  Beagle,  in  the  most 
gallant  manner,  took  a  position  upon  the  three-decker's 
quarter,  and  continued  to  ply  her  guns  for  five  hoars  ;  but 
unfortunately  the  strength  of  the  wind  and  tide  prevented 
the  two  frigates  from  co-operating.  The  ..'Etna  split  her 
13-inch  mortar,  and  at  4h.  p.m.  the  falling  tide  rendered  it 
necessary  for  the  Beagle  and  gun-brigs,  as  well  as  for  the 
bomb,  to  return  to  their  former  anchorage,  exposed  in  their 
retreat  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  batteries.  The  Ocean  was 
the  principal  object  of  attack,  but  the  Begulus,  Indienne, 
Tourville,  Cassard,  and  Jemappes,  had  some  share  in  the 
engagement. 

On  the  14th,  at  2h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  Tourville  got  afloat, 
and  entered  the  Charente,  but  soon  afterwards  ran  on  shore 
near  Fouras.  The  Ocean  having  also  floated,  again  grounded 
near  the  Tourville  ;  but  the  Patriote,  Hor tense,  Elbe,  and 
Pallas  got  off  and  ascended  the  Charente,  beyond  the  reach 
of  attack.  At  9h.  a.m.  the  Imperieuse  was  recalled  by  signal 
from  the  admiral,  and  Lord  Cochrane  was  superseded  in  the 
command  of  the  Aix  flotilla  by  Captain  Wolfe,  of  the  Aigle. 
At  4h.  30m.  p.m.  the  Imperieuse  weighed  accordingly,  and 
stood  towards  Basque  Roads,  and  on  the  next  day  sailed  for 
England,  having  on  board  Captain  Sir  Harry  ISTeale,  with 
Lord  Gambier's  despatches. 

The  Ocean  having  thrown  overboard  nearly  half  her  guns, 
was  after  much  labour  forced  through  the  mud,  to  the  dis- 
tance of  500  yards,  and  eventually  anchored  off  Pointe  des 
Barques.     The  Cassard  was  also  got  off,  and  reached  a  place 

t2  ' 


276  COURT-MARTIAL.  [1809. 

of  safety  ;  but,  on  the  15th,  the  Foudroyant,  Regulus,  Tour- 
ville,  and  Indienne,  remained  aground  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Charente.  The  latter,  on  the  16th,  was  set  on  fire  by  her 
own  crew,  and  destroyed.  On  the  17th,  the  Foudroyant 
and  Tourville  entered  the  river.  On  the  19th,  the  Regulus 
alone  remained  aground,  and  the  Thunder  arrived  in  Aix 
Eoads,  with  the  intention  of  destroying  her ;  but  the 
violence  of  the  weather  would  not  permit  the  attack  to  be 
made.  On  the  20th,  attempts  were  made  to  destroy  the 
French  ship,  which  were  repeated  for  several  days  without 
success.  At  daylight  on  the  29th,  the  spring  tides  having 
again  set  in,  the  Regulus  floated,  and  joined  her  friends  at 
Rochefort  ;  after  which  the  Caledonia  quitted  Basque  Roads 
and  returned  to  England. 

The  affair  at  Basque  Roads  was  not  doomed  to  terminate 
on  the  29th  of  April.  The  first  lord  of  the  Admiralty, 
having  determined  to  move  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Admiral 
Lord  Gambier,  and  the  captains,  officers,  and  seamen  em- 
ployed in  the  fleet  on  the  occasion  of  the  destruction  of  the 
French  ships,  received  a  notification  that  it  was  the  inten- 
tion of  Lord  Cochrane,  who  was  a  member  of  parliament, 
in  the  event  of  his  doing  so,  to  move  an  amendment.  This 
having  been  signified  to  Lord  Gambier,  that  officer  had  no 
other  course  than  to  demand  a  court-martial,  which  accord- 
ingly assembled  :  the  result  was,  that,  after  a  lengthened 
investigation,  Lord  Gambier  was  most  honourably  acquitted. 
In  the  face  of  this  acquittal,  however,  public  opinion  remained 
much  divided,  and  endeavours  were  used,  by  many  of  those 
employed,  to  shift  the  onus  of  the  partial  want  of  success  to 
another's  shoulders.  The  appointment  of  Lord  Cochrane  to 
conduct  the  expedition  in  the  first  instance  gave  great  dis- 
satisfaction to  the  many  gallant  and  distinguished  officers 
serving  in  the  squadron.  This  gave  rise  to  a  want  of  una- 
nimity ;  consequently,  the  admiral  felt  disposed  to  consider 
Lord  Cochrane  as  grasping  at  too  much  authority  ;  and,  on 
the  other  hand,  the  captain  considered  that  many  difficulties 
remained  in  his  way,  which  it  was  in  the  power  of  the 
admiral  to  remove. 

The  charges  brought  against  Lord  Gambier  were  made 
entirely  by  Lord  Cochrane  j  and  during  the  evidence  ad- 
duced  on   the  part   of   the   defence   and   prosecution,  the 


1809.]  CONFLICTING   OPINIONS.  277 

following  were  the  opinions  given  by  the  different  witnesses  : 
Rear- Admiral  Stopford,  in  answer  to  the  question  whether, 
when  the  Iniperieuse  made  the  signal  that  the  enemy's  ships 
were  on  shore,  and  that  the  fleet  might  destroy  them,  he 
would  with  his  experience  have  thought  it  prudent  or 
proper  to  send  or  lead  the  fleet  in  for  that  purpose,  said, 
"  In  my  opinion,  the  dislodgement  from  the  anchorage  of  the 
enemy's  ships  by  fire-ships  removed  but  a  small  part  of  the 
obstacles.  With  the  wind  as  it  then  was  (strong  from  the 
north-west),  and  the  broadsides  of  the  enemy's  ships  still 
commanding  the  approaches,  we  should  have  been  so  crippled 
in  going  into  and  in  working  out  of  the  passage  a  little  more 
than  a  mile  in  breadth,  that  I  think  I  should  not  have 
risked  the  ships,  had  they  been  under  my  command." 

Captain  Pulteney  Malcolm  said  (in  answer  to  the  question, 
whether  he  thought  the  ships  ought  to  have  gone  in  before 
the  three  French  ships  which  commanded  the  channel  had 
left  their  positions  on  the  Palles  shoal),  "  Had  it  appeared 
to  me  that  there  was  no  other  chance  of  destroying  those 
ships  than  by  such  an  attack,  it  ought  to  have  been  made." 
"  Certainly  there  was  not  a  delay,  on  the  part  of  the 
admiral,  of  more  than  half  or  three-quarters  of  an  hour. 
This  was  the  only  time  which  could  possibly  be  called 
delay." 

Captains  Burlton,  Ball,  and  Newman,  were  not  aware  of 
any  blame  attaching  to  Lord  Gambier. 

Captain  Broughton  "  thought  it  would  have  been  more 
advantageous,  had  the  line-of-battle  ships,  frigates,  and  small 
vessels,  gone  in  at  half-flood,  between  eleven  and  twelve 
o'clock,  and  conjectured  that  the  discomfited  French  ships 
would  have  made  very  little  resistance." 

Captain  George  Francis  Seymour  said,  "  I  have  my  doubts 
whether  line-of-battle  ships  would  have  succeeded  by  going 
in.  There  was  water  sufficient  for  them  to  have  gone  in  at 
eleven  o'clock.  It  was  a  point  where  the  discretion  of  the 
commander-in-chief  might  be  fairly  used.  I  confine  myself 
to  the  depth  of  water." 

Captain  Francis  Newcombe  stated,  "  The  risk,  I  think, 
as  the  wind  and  tide  were,  was  rather  too  great ;  and  our 
want  of  the  perfect  knowledge  of  the  anchorage  further  to 
the  southward  between  the  Palles  and  Oleron  :" — and  he 


278  THANKS    OF    PARLIAMENT.  [1809. 

thought  that  everything  had  been  done  that  was  practi- 
cable. 

Captain  Alexander  R.  Kerr  and  Captain  Beresford  said 
that  there  was  no  blame  to  be  attached  to  the  conduct  of 
Lord  Gambier. 

The  sketch  of  the  anchorage  and  shoals  given  in  a  fore- 
going page  will,  however,  we  think,  be  the  best  apology  for 
Lord  Gambier,  especially  as  the  exact  positions  of  them 
were  unknown  to  the  most  experienced  men  on  board  the 
British  ships  ;  and  when  it  is  borne  in  mind  that  uncertain 
currents  and  eddies  and  variable  winds  for  the  most  part 
prevailed  on  the  day  after  the  ships  had  been  driven  on 
shore,  the  loss  which  in  all  probability  would  have  resulted 
from  the  employment  of  line-of-battle  ships  in  such  dangerous 
soundings  might  have  more  than  counterbalanced  the  injury 
inflicted  upon  the  enemy.  The  thanks  of  parliament  were 
eventually  given,  and  those  serving  in  the  ships  have  been 
awarded  the  naval  medal. 

On  the  15th  of  March,  the  boats  of  the  Arethusa,  Captain 
Robert  Mends,  were  sent  away,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Hugh  Pearson  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Octavius  Scott.  At 
daylight  the  party  landed,  and  destroyed  more  than  twenty 
guns  mounted  on  the  batteries  of  Lequito,  on  the  north  coast 
of  Spain.  The  French  guard  threw  down  their  arms  and 
begged  for  quarter.  Three  men  were  wounded  in  the  perfor- 
mance of  this  service.  On  the  1 6th,  the  same  party  captured 
a  number  of  chasse-marees  in  the  river  Andero,  and  destroyed 
their  cargoes.  On  the  20th,  Lieutenant  Elms  Steele,  of  the 
same  ship,  landed  with  a  party  of  seamen  and  marines,  and 
destroyed  the  guns  at  Baigno,  during  which  time  Lieutenant 
John  Fennel,  of  the  marines,  and  John  Elliot,  purser,  de- 
stroyed the  signal-posts.  Lieutenant  Pearson  on  the  same 
day  destroyed  the  guns  at  Paissance. 

On  the  1st  of  April,  in  the  evening,  the  boats  of  the 
28-gun  frigate  Mercury,  Captain  the  Honourable  Henry 
Duncan,  were  despatched  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Watkin  Owen  Pell,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Robert  J.  Gor- 
don, the  master,  Richard  Hildyard;  Lieutenant  of  marines 
James  Whylock ;  the  carpenter,  Jeremiah  Crawley;  George 
Anderson,  captain's  clerk ;  Midshipmen  John  Sterling,  John 
Wilkes,  William  Parker,  and   Charles  Adam,  and   acting 


1809.]  AMETHYST   AXD   NIEMEN.  ~  279 

Surgeon  Robert  Williams,  to  cut  out  from  the  port  of 
Povigno,  on  the  coast  of  Istria,  two  gun-boats  moored  close 
to  two  heavy  batteries.  The  Leda,  one  of  the  boats,  mounted 
one  24-pounder  and  six  large  swivels.  Although  fully  pre- 
pared with  boarding  nettings  triced  up,  she  was  carried; 
but  a  fog  coming  on,  deranged  the  plan  of  attack,  and  put  a 
stop  to  further  proceedings.  The  prize  was  towed  out  under 
the  fire  of  five  guns  mounted  on  an  island.  In  performing 
this  service,  one  seaman  was  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Pell 
(who  had  previously  lost  a  leg)1  wounded  severely  in  two 
places,  and  three  seamen  slightly  wounded.  The  Patriotic 
Fund  Committee  voted  a  sword,  value  fifty  guineas,  to  Lieu- 
tenant Pell. 

In  the  forenoon  of  the  5th  of  April,  Cordouan  light- 
house bearing  east  by  north,  distant  about  forty  leagues,  the 
18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Amethyst,  Captain  Michael  Sey- 
mour, being  on  the  larboard  tack  with  the  wind  at  east, 
observed  a  ship  steering  to  the  westward.  The  36-gun 
frigate  Emerald,  Captain  Frederick  Lewis  Maitland,  being  in 
company,  but  at  some  distance  to  the  northward,  joined  in 
pursuing  the  stranger,  which,  on  perceiving  the  two  frigates, 
hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack.  The  chase  was 
the  40-gun  French  frigate  Niemen,  Captain  Dupotel,  laden 
with  provisions  for  the  Isle  of  France.  At  noon  the  Niemen 
was  half  topsails  down  from  the  deck  of  the  Amethyst,  and 
the  pursuit  continued  with  a  slight  advantage  to  the  Ame- 
thyst throughout  the  day ;  but  at  sunset  the  chase  was  still 
hull  down  to  windward,  and  consequently  at  dark  was  lost 
sight  of. 

Captain  Seymour  concluding  that  the  stranger  would 
resume  her  course  to  the  westward  on  losing  sight  of  her 
pursuers,  at  9h.  p.m.  bore  up  south-west,  under  easy  sail, 
the  wind  at  the  time  blowing  in  squalls  from  east-north-east ; 
and  at  9h.  40m.  discovered  the  object  of  his  pursuit  on  the 
weather  beam.  The  Amethyst  immediately  crowded  sail  in 
chase,  whereupon  the  Niemen  wore  and  hauled  up  south 
by  west.  At  llh.  30m.  the  Amethyst  fired  her  bow  guns, 
which  were  responded  to  from  the  stern  chasers  of  the 
Niemen.      At   lh.    15m.  a.m.  on  the  sixth,  the  Amethyst 

; '   See  p.  2,  ante. 


280  AMETHYST  AND   NIEMEN.  [1809. 

having  reached  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  Niemen,  was 
enabled  to  fire  a  broadside,  upon  which  the  latter  again 
wore.  The  Amethyst  followed,  and  at  lh.  45m.  ranged 
close  alongside  the  enemy  to  windward.  After  an  ex- 
change of  broadsides,  the  Amethyst,  having  shot  ahead  of 
the  Niemen,  bore  up  across  her  bows,  raked  her,  and  then 
hauled  up  on  the  same  tack,  and  took  her  station  on  the 
French  ship's  starboard  bow.  At  2h.  45m.  the  Niemen 
fell  on  board  the  Amethyst  on  her  starboard  beam  and 
quarter  ;  but  in  a  few  minutes  got  clear,  and,  wearing,  bore 
up  south-west.  About  3h.,  the  Amethyst  having  again 
obtained  a  position  on  the  larboard  and  weather  beam  of  the 
Niemen,  renewed  the  action,  and  shortly  afterwards  the 
latter  caught  fire  in  the  larboard  hammock-netting ;  at 
3h.  15m.  her  mizenmast  and  maintop-mast  were  shot  away. 
The  Niemen  having  caught  fire  in  the  maintop  also,  her 
mainyard  was  lowered  half-way  down  the  mast,  so  that  she 
was  wholly  unable  to  make  sail,  and  her  guns  offered  a  very 
ineffectual  return  to  the  animated  fire  of  the  Amethyst.  At 
3h.  25m.,  the  Niemen  having  ceased  firing,  the  Amethyst 
discontinued  the  action,  and,  bearing  up  under  her  opponent's 
stern,  brought-to  to  leeward.  At  3h.  30  m.  the  Amethyst's 
main  and  mizen  masts  fell  over  the  starboard  quarter,  and 
about  the  same  time  the  Niemen's  mainmast  went  by  the 
board.  Both  ships  then  paid  round  off  before  the  wind. 
The  Arethusa,  Captain  Robert  Mends,  at  3h.  45m.  joined 
from  the  eastward,  and  having  approached  within  gun-shot 
on  the  Niemen's  larboard  quarter,  the  latter  hoisted  a  light, 
and  fired  a  shot  at  the  Arethusa  and  another  at  the  Ame- 
thyst ;  but  on  the  discharge  of  a  few  of  the  Arethusa's 
foremost  guns,  the  French  frigate  lowered  the  light  in  token 
of  submission. 

The  Amethyst  had  two  lieutenants  and  thirty-seven  men 
absent  in  prizes,  and  out  of  the  222  men  and  boys,  which 
were  all  she  had  on  board,  six  seamen  and  two  marines  were 
killed,  and  Lieutenants  of  marines  Henry  Waring  and 
Samuel  Prytherch,  her  boatswain,  Lacey,  twenty-four  seamen, 
and  ten  marines  wounded.  The  Niemen  mounted  forty-six 
guns,  and  commenced  the  action  with  319  men  and  boys; 
of  whom  forty-seven  were  killed  and  seventy-three  wounded. 
The  day  after  her  capture  the  Niemen's  foremast  fell  over 


1809.]  CAPTURE  of  d'hautpolt.  281 

the  side,  and  she  was  taken  in  tow  by  the  Arethusa.  The 
prize,  being  only  nine  months  old,  was  a  great  acquisition  to 
the  navy,  to  which  she  was  added  under  the  same  name. 

There  is  a  great  similarity  between  this  action  and  that 
of  the  Amethyst  and  Thetis,1  in  the  manner  of  conducting 
it,  in  the  comparative  force  of  the  combatants,  and  also 
in  reference  to  the  intrusion  of  a  third  party.  It  is  quite 
evident,  however,  that  in  both  cases  the  capture  was  vir- 
tually effected  by  the  Amethyst.  Captain  Seymour  was 
created  a  baronet  of  the  United  Kingdom,  and  the  first 
lieutenant,  William  Hill,  promoted  to  be  commander.  The 
naval  medal  is  granted  for  this  action.  • 

A  small  squadron,  under  Captain  Philip  Beaver,  of  the 
Acasta  frigate,  having  succeeded  on  the  14th  of  April  in 
gaining  possession  of  the  rocky  islands  known  as  the  Saintes, 
near  Guadaloupe,  a  fire  was  opened  from  Morne-Russel  upon 
three  French  line-of-battle  ships  at  anchor  in  the  roads 
beneath ;  in  consequence  of  which,  these,  which  were  the 
74-gun  ships  Courageux,  Polonais,  and  D'Hautpolt,  quitted 
their  anchorage,  and  stood  out  to  sea.  The  escape  of  the 
French  squadron  was  immediately  perceived  by  Commander 
Hugh  Cameron,  of  the  18-gun  ship-sloop  Hazard,  belonging 
to  the  in-shore  squadron,  and  information  was  signalled  to 
Rear- Admiral  Sir  Alexander  Cochrane,  who,  with  a  squadron 
of  five  sail  of  the  line,  was  blockading  the  port.  Shortly 
afterwards  the  French  ships  were  observed  from  the  74-gun 
ship  Pompee,  Captain  William  C.  Fahie,  and  at  lOh.  p.m. 
that  ship  endeavoured  to  arrest  the  progress  of  the  enemy ; 
but,  having  a  strong  breeze  in  their  favour,  the  ships  were 
enabled  to  defeat  the  object.  At  lOh.  15m.  the  18-gun 
brig  Recruit,  Commander  Charles  Napier,  having  got  up 
with,  gallantly  opened  fire  upon  the  enemy's  sternmost  ship, 
and  was  soon  afterwards  closed  by  the  74-gun  ship  Neptune, 
bearing  the  rear-admiral's  flag ;  but  the  latter  again  dropped 
astern.  At  4h.  a.m.  on  the  15th,  the  Recruit,  by  her 
superior  sailing,  again  got  close  up  with  the  enemy's  rear 
ship,  D'Hautpolt,  and,  assisted  distantly  by  the  Pompee, 
continued  a  galling  fire  upon  her.  A  running  action,  in 
which  all  three  French  ships  participated  occasionally,  was 

1  See  p.  252,  ante. 


282  ATTACK  ON  PESARO.  [1809. 

kept  up  throughout  the  day;  but  at  8h.  p.m.  the  ships 
separated,  each  steering  a  different  course.  The  Recruit  and 
Pompee  persevered  in  chasing  D'Hautpolt,  until  the  former, 
being  disabled  aloft,  dropped  astern.  The  frigates  Latona 
and  Castor,  Captains  Hugh  Pigot  and  William  Roberts, 
during  the  16th,  hove  in  sight  and  joined  in  the  chase,  and 
the  latter  very  gallantly  brought  the  French  ship  to  action. 
On  the  morning  of  the  17th  the  French  ship  surrendered. 

The  Pompee,  in  her  action,  was  very  much  disabled  in 
masts  and  rigging,  and  her  loss  amounted  to  Edward  Casey, 
boatswain,  and  eight  men  killed  ;  Captain  Fahie,  William 
Bone,  first  lieutenant ;  Lieutenant  of  marines  Charles  Ed- 
ward Atkins,  and  twenty-seven  men  wounded.  The  Nep- 
tune had  one  man  killed  and  four  wounded ;  Castor,  one 
seaman  killed  and  five  wounded ;  and  Recruit,  the  serjeant 
of  marines  wounded.  So  sensible  was  Sir  Alexander  Coch- 
rane of  Commander  Napier's  gallantry,  that  he  appointed 
him  to  the  prize,  which,  under  the  name  of  Abercromby, 
was  added  to  the  British  navy  ;  and  his  conduct  was  further 
marked  by  his  promotion.  The  naval  medal  is  awarded  to 
those  present  in  the  Pompee,  Castor,  and  Recruit. 

On  the  23rd  of  April,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
Spartan,  Amphion,  and  Mercury,  Captains  Jahleel  Brenton, 
William  Hoste,  and  the  Hon.  Henry  Duncan,  anchored  off 
the  town  of  Pesaro.  Captain  Brenton  not  wishing  to  injure 
the  town,  then  occupied  by  French  troops,  sent  a  flag  of 
truce  to  demand  the  surrender  of  all  the  vessels  in  the 
harbour,  to  which  an  answer  was  returned  by  the  French 
commandant  to  the  effect  that  in  half  an  hour  he  would 
decide.  At  the  expiration  of  thirty-five  minutes,  observing 
the  troops  assembling  in  the  streets,  and  the  inhabitants 
dismantling  the  vessels,  Captain  Brenton  ordered  the  flag  of 
truce  to  be  hauled  down,  and  a  shot  to  be  fired  over  the 
town.  Shortly  afterwards  the  frigates  and  the  gun  and 
mortar  boats  of  the  squadron  opened  fire  upon  the  town. 
At  half  an  hour  past  noon,  several  flags  of  truce  were  hung 
out,  and  Captain  Brenton  made  the  signal  for  the  firing  to 
cease.  Lieutenant  George  Wickens  Willes,  of  the  Spartan, 
having  entered  the  harbour,  learnt  that  the  commandant  had 
retreated  with  the  military,  when  the  boats  of  the  squadron 
were  despatched  to  bring  out  the  vessels,  and  the  marines, 


1809.]  THRASHER   AND   BOULOGNE   FLOTILLA.  283 

under  Lieutenant  Thomas  Moore,  were  sent  to  cover  them. 
By  6h.  30m.  p.m.  thirteen  vessels,  deeply  laden,  were  brought 
off.  At  7h.  the  castle  at  the  entrance  of  the  harbour  was 
blown  up,  and  the  British  returned  to  their  ships  without 
having  either  sustained  or  caused  any  loss  of  life. 

On  the  26th  of  April,  early  in  the  morning,  the  12-gun  brig 
Thrasher,  Lieutenant  Josiah  Dornford,  weighed  from  Dun- 
geness  and  stood  over  for  Boulogne.  Upon  nearing  the  coast, 
forty  sail  of  gun-vessels  were  observed  coming  out  of  the  har- 
bour, including  six  brigs  and  two  schooners.  The  Thrasher, 
though  only  armed  with  1 8-pounder  carronades  and  two  long 
4-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  sixty  men,  gallantly  engaged  the 
flotilla,  and  by  her  superior  sailing  was  enabled  to  run  along 
the  enemy's  lines,  engaging  both  sides,  while,  from  her 
position,  the  batteries  could  not  fire  upon  her  without  en- 
dangering their  own  vessels.  After  engaging  from  7h.  a.m. 
till  2h.  p.m.,  Lieutenant  Dornford  considered  it  prudent  to 
withdraw  from  under  the  batteries  ;  but  not  until  he  had 
succeeded  in  sinking  three,  driving  six  on  shore,  and  com- 
pelling many  others  to  return  into  port.  Commander  W. 
B.  Dolling,  in  the  18-gun  brig  Trompeuse,  arrived  up  at  the 
close  of  the  engagement,  and  reported  Lieutenant  Dornford's 
gallantry  to  Commodore  Owen. 

On  the  2nd  of  May,  the  Spartan  and  Mercury  chased 
two  vessels  into  the  port  of  Cesenatico  (where  several  other 
vessels  were  observed),  which  was  defended  by  two  batteries 
and  a  castle.  The  coast  being  very  shoal,  the  boats  were 
sent  ahead  to  sound,  and  the  frigates  succeeded  in  entering 
the  port  about  noon.  Having  anchored  within  grape  range 
of  the  battery,  it  was  very  soon  silenced,  when  the  boats 
under  Lieutenant  Willes  landed  and  took  possession  of  it, 
and  turned  the  guns  upon  the  town.  In  all  twelve  vessels 
were  captured,  the  castle  and  magazine  blown  up,  the  battery 
destroyed,  and  the  guns  spiked.  The  British  returned  to 
their  ships  without  any  casualty. 

On  the  11th  of  May,  the  38-gim  frigate  Melpomene, 
Captain  Peter  Parker,  drove  on  shore  a  Danish  6-gun  cutter 
at  Huilbo,  in  Jutland,  after  which  her  boats  were  despatched 
under  Lieutenants  James  H.  Plumridge  and  George  Bennie, 
which,  covered  by  the  fire  of  the  frigate,  boarded  and 
effectually  destroyed  the  vessel  in  the  face  of  a  galling  fire 


284  tartar's  boats  at  courland.  [1809. 

from  the  shore.      Lieutenant  Rennie,  two  seamen,  and  three 
marines  were  severely  wounded. 

On  the  15th  of  May,  the  3 2 -gun  frigate  Tartar,  Captain 
Joseph  Baker,  chased  on  shore  near  Felixburgh,  on  the 
coast  of  Courland,  a  Danish  4-gun  sloop  privateer ;  the  crew  of 
which,  twenty-four  in  number,  landed  with  their  muskets, 
and  joined  by  some  country  people,  posted  themselves  be- 
hind the  sand-hills  near  the  beach,  from  whence  they  could 
annoy  the  boats  in  their  approach.  The  Tartar's  boats  were 
notwithstanding  sent  away  in  charge  of  the  first  lieutenant, 
Thomas  Sykes,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Frederick  A.  H. 
Parker,  in  order  to  bring  her  off  or  effect  her  destruction. 
The  boats  boarded  without  opposition,  and  the  guns  of  the 
privateer  were  immediately  turned  upon  the  party  behind 
the  sand-hills,  which  they  quickly  dislodged.1 

On  the  15th  of  May,  Lieutenant  Robert  J.  Gordon,  of 
the  Mercury,  with  a  party  of  marines  and  a  boat's  crew, 
destroyed  seven  trabacculos  in  the  harbour  of  Rotti,  on  the 
coast  of  Istria.  Lieutenant  Gordon  was  severely  woimded 
by  an  explosion  of  gunpowder,  but  no  other  person  was 
hurt. 

On  the  17th  of  May,  in  lat.  44°  K,  long.  11°  20'  W.,  the 
British  10-gunbrig  Goldfinch,  Commander  Fitzherbert  Skin- 
ner, discovered  the  French  16-gun  corvette  Mouche,  and  at 
3h.  a.m.  of  the  18th,  gallantly  brought  her  to  action.  The 
long  8-pounders  of  the  Mouche,  at  the  distance  she  kept 
from  her  antagonist,  were  very  much  more  than  a  match  for 
the  18-pounder  carronades  of  the  Goldfinch  ;  but  a  running 
action  was  continued  till  7h.  a.m.,  when  the  Mouche,  with 
the  head  of  her  fore-topmast  shot  away,  bore  up,  leaving  the 
Goldfinch  much  cut  up,  and  with  the  loss  of  three  men  killed 
and  three  wounded. 

In  the  early  part  of  May,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
64-gun  ship  Standard,  Captain  Askew  P.  Hollis  ;  38-gun 
frigate  Owen  Glendower,  Captain  William  Selby  ;  and  three 

1  Previously  to  this,  one  of  the  men  had  descended  into  the  cabin  of 
the  vessel,  where  he  found  the  end  of  a  lighted  candle  fixed  in  an  18- 
pounder  cartridge,  from  which  a  train  was  led  into  the  magazine,  and 
this  was  full  of  powder.  With  great  presence  of  mind,  the  man  extin- 
guished the  candle,  by  squeezing  it  between  his  hands,  just  as  it  had 
reached  within  half  an  inch  of  the  powder,  and  but  for  this  presence  of 
mind  all  on  board  mwt,  in  another  minute.,  have  been  blown  to  atoms. 


&~4*s*-?n^i^/~z<r 


1809.]  MELPOMENE   AND    GUN-BOATS.  285 

sloops,  was  detached  by  Yice-Adniiral  Sir  James  Saumarez, 
commanding  in  the  Baltic,  to  effect  the  reduction  of  the 
island  of  Anholt.  A  party  of  seamen  and  marines,  under 
the  command  of  Captain  Selby,  assisted  by  Captain  Edward 
Nicolls,  of  the  marines,  landed  ;  and  on  the  18th,  after  a 
gallant  resistance,  in  which  one  marine  was  killed  and  two 
wounded,  the  Danish  garrison,  consisting  of  170  men,  sur- 
rendered at  discretion. 

On  the  23rd  of  May,  at  lOh.  30m.  p.m.,  the  38-gun  frigate 
Melpomene,  Captain  Frederic  Warren,  lying  at  anchor  in 
the  Great  Belt,  off  Omoe  Island,  and  nearly  becalmed,  dis- 
covered several  large  boats  standing  towards  her.  The 
frigate  was  cleared  for  action,  and  at  llh.  p.m.  commenced 
firing  upon  the  enemy,  now  consisting  of  twenty  Danish 
gun-boats.  A  light  air  springing  up,  the  Melpomene  cut 
and  made  sail  to  close  her  opponents,  and  the  gun-boats 
retreating,  a  running  action  continued  until  lit.  15m.  a.m., 
when  the  latter  succeeded  in  getting  out  of  gun-shot.  The 
Melpomene  suffered  much  in  her  rigging  and  sails,  and  had 
five  men  killed  and  twenty-nine  wounded. 

On  the  31st  of  May,  while  the  12-pounder  38-gun  frigate 
Topaze,  Captain  Anselm  John  Griffiths,  was  cruising  off  the 
coast  of  Albania,  nine  vessels  were  observed  lying  at  anchor 
in  the  Road  of  Demata.  which  is  sheltered  by  a  reef  of  rocks, 
and  protected  by  the  fortress  of  Santa  Maura.  Captain 
Griffiths  despatched  the  boats  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Charles  Hammond,  assisted  by  the  acting  master,  George 
Garson,  Lieutenants  of  marines  Edward  S.  Mercer  and 
"William  Halstead,  and  Masters'  mates  Henry  P.  Taylor  and 
Robert  B.  Fenwick.  Having  to  row  along  the  outer  edge 
of  the  reef,  the  boats  were  exposed  to  a  galling  fire  of 
musketry,  as  well  as  after  rounding  the  point  of  it ;  but, 
dashing  on,  they  succeeded  in  boarding  and  bringing  out  all 
the  vessels.  This  service  was  effected  with  the  loss  of  one 
marine,  who  was  killed,  and  one  seaman  wounded.  Among 
the  prizes  were  a  xebeck  of  eight  guns  and  six  swivels, 
and  a  crew  of  fifty-five  men  ;  one  cutter  of  four  guns  ;  a 
felucca,  mounting  three  guns  ;  and  two  gun-boats  of  one 
gun  each. 

on  the  14th  of  June,  in  the  morning,  the  18-gun  brig 
Scout,  Commander  William  Raitt,  discovering  a  convoy  of 


286  '  CAPTURE   OF   ISCHIA   AND    PEOCIDA.  [1809. 

fourteen  vessels,  under  the  protection  of  two  gun-boats, 
coming  round  Cape  Croisette,  made  all  sail  in  chase.  It 
falling  calm,  Lieutenant  Henry  R.  Battersby  was  despatched 
at  lh.  p.m.  with  the  boats,  who  drove  seven  sail  into  a 
harbour,  three  leagues  to  the  eastward  of  the  cape,  where 
the  boats  followed.  Lieutenant  Battersby,  being  annoyed 
by  the  fire  from  the  shore,  landed  and  routed  the  enemy, 
and  then  stormed  a  battery,  mounting  two  6-pounders.  In 
the  mean  time  the  remaining  boats,  with  Lieutenant  John 
Farrant,  John  Batten,  master,  and  Master's  mate  Granville 
Thompson,  pulled  up  the  harbour  and  brought  out  the  seven 
vessels,  notwithstanding  that  they  were  secured  to  the  shore 
by  ropes  from  their  mastheads  and  keels.  The  British  had 
one  man  killed  and  five  wounded. 

On  the  24th  of  June,  Rear- Admiral  George  Martin,  with 
the  80-gun  ship  Canopus,  Captain  Charles  Inglis  ;  74-gun 
ships  Spartiate  and  Warrior,  Captains  Sir  Francis  Laforey 
and  William  Spranger  ;  22-gun  ship  Cyane,  Captain  Thomas 
Staines ;  and  18-gun  brig  Espoir,  Commander  Robert  Mit- 
ford,  together  with  a  flotilla  of  gun-boats  and  a  fleet  of 
transports  with  troops,  anchored  to  the  northward  of  the 
islands  of  Ischia  and  Procida,  preparatory  to  an  attack  upon 
them.  In  the  evening  Captain  Staines,  in  the  Cyane,  with 
the  Espoir  and  twelve  gun-boats,  was  despatched  by  the  rear- 
admiral  to  take  a  station  to  the  southward  of  the  islands, 
to  prevent  reinforcements  or  supplies  from  being  thrown  in 
from  the  mainland. 

On  the  25th,  at  8h.  A.M.,  when  lying  at  anchor  two  miles 
south  by  east  of  Procida,  in  company  with  the  gun-boats, 
Captain  Staines  observed  a  French  frigate,  a  corvette,  and 
several  gun-boats,  coming  out  of  Pozzuoli  Bay,  upon  which 
he  made  the  signal  to  weigh,  and,  having  a  light  air  from  the 
northward,  stood  towards  the  enemy  with  his  squadron.  At 
8h.  30m.  the  British  opened  a  distant  fire,  which  was 
returned  by  the  French  squadron,  consisting  of  the  French 
44-gun  frigate  Ceres,  28-gun  frigate  Fama,  and  several  gun- 
boats ;  but  at  9h.  40m.  the  firing  ceased,  the  enemy  having 
stood  in  shore  again.  Ischia  and  Procida  surrendered  this 
day  to  the  British  forces. 

On  the  26th,  at  6h.  25m.  a.m.,  the  Cyane  and  Espoir,  with 
the  British  and  Sicilian  gun-boats,  having  been  detached  to 


1809.]  CYANE   AND   ESPOIR   WITH   CERES.  287 

intercept  a  flotilla  of  gun-boats  bound  to  Naples,  the  former 
commenced  an  attack  upon  them,  just  as  the  enemy's  vessels 
rounded  Cape  Baia  ;  and  by  the  prompt  and  vigorous 
lire  of  the  Cyane,  Captain  Staines  checked  the  progress 
of  the  flotilla,  and  enabled  the  combined  gun-boats  to 
close  with  and  capture  eighteen  French  gun-boats,  and 
destroy  four.  The  Cyane  received  twenty-three  shot  in  her 
hull,  had  masts,  yards,  sails,  and  rigging  much  cut,  and  her 
loss  amounted  to  two  seamen  killed ;  David  Jones,  master's 
mate,  mortally,  and  six  seamen  slightly  wounded.  On  the 
same  afternoon,  observing  a  flag  of  truce  on  a  battery  near 
Point  Messino,  the  British  boats  landed,  spiked  four  36- 
pounders,  captured  eighteen  gun-boats,  and  destroyed  four. 
At  7h.  p.m.  the  Cyane,  Espoir,  and  twenty-three  Sicilian 
gun-boats,  stood  into  Pozzuoli  Bay,  where  the  Ceres,  Fania, 
and  twelve  gun-boats  lay  at  anchor. 

Remaining  off  the  anchorage  all  the  previous  night,  the 
Cyane,  on  the  27th,  was  becalmed  near  the  shore,  when  a 
battery  of  four  guns  opened  an  annoying  fire  upon  her.  At 
lOh.  a.m.  Captain  Staines  embarked  in  one  of  the  gun-boats, 
and,  leading  them  to  the  attack,  soon  silenced  the  battery ; 
after  which  he  landed,  spiked  the  guns,  destroyed  the  car- 
riages, and  threw  a  1 0-inch  mortar  into  the  sea,  returning  to 
the  ship  without  a  casualty.  At  5h.  p.m.  on  the  same  day, 
the  Cyane  and  Espoir  lying  becalmed  in  the  ofling,  the 
French  commodore  weighed,  and  put  to  sea  with  the  Ceres, 
Fama,  and  gun-boats,  bound  to  Naples.  At  6h.  50m.,  the 
Espoir  and  gun-boats  being  far  astern,  and  Captain  Staines 
observing  that  the  Ceres  was  at  some  distance  astern  of  the 
Fama  and  French  gun-boats,  determined  if  possible  to  bring 
her  to  action,  and  ordering  the  sweeps  to  be  manned,  gal- 
lantly pursued  her,  then  not  more  than  three  miles  from  the 
Mole  of  Naples.  At  7h.  20m.  the  Cyane  got  within  pistol- 
shot  of  the  Ceres,  and  commenced  the  action,  which  she 
continued  for  some  time,  although  within  range  of  the 
batteries,  the  corvette,  and  the  gun-boats.  At  7h.  30m. 
the  Ceres  was  observed  to  receive  a  reinforcement  of  men 
from  Naples.  At  8h.  30m.  the  fire  of  the  Ceres  slackened 
considerably,  and  soon  afterwards  ceased.  The  Cyane  being 
by  this  time  within  a  mile  and  a  half  of  the  mole,  and 
having  expended  all  her  powder,  hauled  off.     Her  sails  were 


288      BOATS  OF  BELLEROPHON  AT  HANGO  HEAD.    [1809. 

cut  to  pieces,  nearly  all  her  standing  and  running  rigging 
destroyed,  fore  and  mizen  masts  badly  wounded,  more  than 
forty  round  shot  in  her  sides,  and  four  guns  were  disabled. 
The  Cyane's  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  consisted  of  one  sea- 
man and  one  marine  killed  ;  Captain  Staines  and  the  first 
lieutenant,  James  Hall  (both  dangerously),1  Lieutenant  John 
Ferrier,  Juhn  Taylor,  midshipman,  eleven  seamen,  four 
marines,  and  one  boy  wounded.  The  Espoir  (having  latterly 
been  able  to  take  some  share  in  the  engagement),  with  the 
gun-boats,  approached  to  the  assistance  of  their  crippled  con- 
sort, and  towed  her  out  of  the  bay.  The  Cyane's  armament 
consisted  of  twenty-two  carronades  (32-pounders)  on  the 
main  deck,  and  eight  carronades  (1 8-pounders),  and  two  long 
sixes  on  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle,  with  a  crew  of  175 
men  and  boys ;  while  her  principal  opponent,  the  Ceres,  was 
an  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate,  fully  manned.  The  naval 
medal  has  been  granted  to  the  survivors  present  on  the  25th 
and  27th. 

On  the  19th  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  74-gun  ship  Belle- 
rophon,  Captain  Samuel  "Warren,  were  sent  away  at  sunset, 
to  attack  three  vessels  at  anchor  within  the  islands  off 
Hango  Head.  The  boats,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Robert  Pilch,  with  Lieutenants  John  Sheridan  and  George 
Bentham,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Alfred  0.  Carrington,  and 
—  Mart,  carpenter,  met  with  no  opposition  in  capturing  the 
vessels  ;  but  it  was  found  necessary,  in  order  to  prevent  loss 
in  returning,  to  attack  a  battery,  which  mounted  four  24- 
pounders,  and  was  garrisoned  with  103  men.  This,  after  a 
determined  resistance,  was  carried  in  a  very  gallant  manner, 
the  Russians  retreating  to  some  boats  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  island.  The  guns  were  then  spiked,  and  the  magazine 
destroyed.  The  boats  returned  to  the  ship,  having  only  five 
men  wounded. 

On  the  5th  of  July,  at  3h.  p.m.,  in  latitude  43°  41'  north, 
longitude  34°  west,  the  20-gun  corvette  Bonne  Citoyenne, 
Commander  William  Mounsey,  being  on  her  way  from  Hali- 
fax to  Quebec,  with  the  wind  at  south,  descried  on  the  lee 

1  Captain  Staines's  left  arm  was  taken  out  of  the  socket  ;  and  he  was 
also  wounded  in  the  side.  Lieutenant  Hall  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
commander  a  few  months  afterwards,  which  promotion,  however,  he  did 
not  live  long  to  enjoy. 


1809.]  EONNE    CITOYENNE   AND    FURIEUSE.  2S9 

quarter  a  large  frigate  taking  possession  of  a  merchant  ship. 
Notwithstanding  the  formidable  appearance  of  the  stranger 
(which  was  the  French  36-gun  frigate  Furieuse,  but  armed 
■en  flute,  and  mounting  two  long  18  and  six  long  8-pounders, 
and  twelve  carronades,  36-pounders,  total  twenty  guns),  the 
Bonne  Citoyenne  immediately  wore  in  chase.  The  Furieuse, 
observing  the  approach  of  the  British  ship,  abandoned  the 
merchant  vessel,  and  bore  up.  At  sunset  the  two  ships  were 
about  five  miles  apart,  and  during  the  night  the  Furieuse 
was  lost  sight  of,  but  at  3h.  a.m.  on  the  6tb,  was  again  seen 
on  the  larboard  quarter.  The  Bonne  Citoyenne  immediately 
hauled  up,  and  made  sail  in  chase.  At  9h.  21m.  a.m.  the  French 
ship  hove  to,  and  the  Bonne  Citoyenne  commenced  engaging 
within  pistol-shot.  The  action  was  maintained  for  six  hours 
and  fifty  minutes,  when  the  Bonne  Citoyenne,  having  taken 
a  position  athwart  the  bows  of  the  Furieuse  preparatory  to 
boarding  with  all  hands,  the  colours  of  the  latter  were  hauled 
down  at  6h.  16m.  p.m.  The  corvette,  in  her  gallant  contest, 
had  her  fore  and  main  top-gallant  masts  all  shot  away,  three 
lower  masts  badly  wounded,  her  standing  and  running  rigging 
cut  to  pieces,  and  boats  destroyed  ;  but  only  one  man  was 
killed  and  five  wounded.  The  Furieuse,  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  action,  had  five  feet  water  in  her  hold  :  her  three  top- 
masts were  shot  away,  and  her  yards  and  lower  masts  in  a 
tottering  state.  Her  loss  amounted,  out  of  a  crew  consisting, 
with  military  officers  and  passengers,  of  200  men,  to  thirty- 
five  men  killed  ;  and  her  commander,  Lieutenant  Kerdaniel, 
twro  lieutenants,  three  midshipmen,  and  thirty-one  seamen 
wounded.  The  two  vessels  met  upon  tolerably  equal  terms, 
as  regarded  armament ;  but  the  advantages  derivable  from 
tonnage  were  greatly  on  the  side  of  the  Furieuse,  she  mea- 
suring 1,090  tons,  and  the  corvette  511  tons.  On  the  7th, 
taking  her  prize  in  tow,  the  Bonne  Citoyenne  proceeded  to 
Halifax.  On  the  8th  the  main  and  mizen  masts  of  the 
Furieuse  fell,  and  thus  disabled  the  two  ships  reached  Halifax 
on  the  2nd  of  August.  The  Furieuse  was  subsequently  com- 
missioned under  the  same  name,  and  Captain  Mounsey,  whose 
post  commission  was  dated  the  day  of  the  action,  was  ap- 
pointed to  command  her.  The  first  lieutenant,  Joseph 
Symes,  was  also  promoted.  Captain  Mounsey  mentioned  in 
his  official  letter,  in  terms  of  high  commendation,  the  second 
VOL.  n.  u 


290  ACTION    WITH    RUSSIAN    GUN-BOATS.  [1809. 

lieutenant,  Williams  Sandoni ;  the  master,  Nathaniel  "Wil- 
liamson ;  the  purser,  John  N.  C.  Scott ;  and  two  passengers, 
who  volunteered  their  services,  Messrs.  John  Black  and 
Angus  McAuley.  The  above  is  a  naval  medal  action.  The 
Furieuse  had  escaped  from  Guadaloupe  on  the  14th  of  June, 
in  company  with  the  frigate  Felicite,  also  armed  en  flute  ;  and 
her  consort  was  captured  on  the  17th,  by  the  38-gun  frigate 
Latona,  Captain  Hugh  Pigot,  after  a  three  days'  chase. 

On  the  7th  of  July,  a  squadron,  composed  of  the  74-gun 
ships  Implacable  and  Bellerophon,  Captains  Thomas  Byam 
Martin  and  Samuel  Warren  ;  38-gun  frigate  Melpomene, 
Captain  Peter  Parker  ;  and  18-gun  sloop  Prometheus,  Com- 
mander Thomas  Forrest,  was  cruising  off  the  coast  of  Fin- 
land, when  a  Russian  flotilla  of  eight  gun-boats  and  several 
merchant  vessels  was  observed  at  anchor  under  Hango 
Head.  The  gun-boats,  each  armed  with  two  heavy  long- 
guns,  and  manned  with  forty-six  men,  had  taken  a  most  ad- 
vantageous position  for  defence  between  two  rocks,  both  of 
which  were  mounted  with  guns,  from  which  a  fire  of  grape 
could  be  poured  on  their  assailants.  It  was  nevertheless 
determined  to  attack  the  flotilla,  and  Lieutenant  Joseph 
Hawkey,  first  of  the  Implacable,  was  appointed  to  command 
the  boats  (seventeen  in  number)  of  the  four  ships,  contain- 
ing 270  officers  and  men.  Among  the  officers  employed 
were  the  following  : — belonging  to  the  Implacable,  Lieute- 
nants William  Houghton  and  Frederic  Vernon,  and  Lieute- 
nants of  marines  James  T.  Cracknell  and  James  Clarke  ; 
Lieutenants  Charles  Allen,  John  Sheridan,  and  John  Skekel, 
and  Lieutenants  of  marines  George  Kendall  and  Alfred  O. 
Carrington,  of  the  Bellerophon ;  Lieutenant  George  Rennie, 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Robert  Gilbert,  and  Midshipman 
John  B.  Mounteney,  of  the  Melpomene  ;  and  Lieutenant 
James  Stirling,  of  the  Prometheus.  At  9h.  p.m.  the  boats 
proceeded  to  the  attack,  and  resolutely  pushed  on,  regardless 
of  the  fire  opened  upon  them,  but  without  firing  a  musket 
until  close  alongside  the  gun-boats,  when  the  British  seamen 
boarded,  and  carried  all  before  them.1     Six  of  the  gun-boats 

1  Lieutenant  Hawkey,  after  boarding  the  first  gun-boat,  was  killed  by 
a  grape-shot  while  in  the  act  of  boarding  a  second.  The  last  words  of 
this  gallant  young  man  were,  "  Huzza  !  Push  on,  England  for  ever  ! " 
Captain  Martin,  in  his  official  letter,  bears  the  following  handsome  testi- 


/ 


1809.]  DEATH    OF   LIEUTENANT    HAWKEY.  291 

were  captured,  one  sunk,  and  one  escaped ;  and  twelve  mer- 
chant vessels,  laden  with  powder  and  provisions  for  the 
Russian  army,  and  a  large  armed  ship,  were  also  captured. 

Lieutenant  Charles  Allen,  of  the  Bellerophon,  being  the 
next  senior  lieutenant,  then  assumed  command  of  the  party, 
and  accomplished  the  service  in  the  successful  manner 
already  described.  The  loss  amounted  to  Lieutenants  Haw- 
key and  Stirling,  J.  B.  Mounteney,  midshipman,  Benjamin 
Crandon,  second  master,  eight  seamen,  and  five  marines 
killed  j  and  M.  Yesey,  boatswain,  twenty-five  seamen,  and 
eleven  marines  wounded.  The  Russians  are  reported  to 
have  had  sixty-three  men  killed.  Many  escaped  to  the  shore, 
and  several  perished  in  attempting  to  reach  it ;  and  of  127 
prisoners  taken,  fifty-one  were  wounded.  The  naval  medal 
has  been  awarded  to  those  present  in  the  boats  upon  this 
occasion. 

On  the  13th  of  July,  Senegal  capitulated  to  a  British 
force,  under  Captain  Edward  Henry  Columbine  (the  senior 
officer  at  Goree),  consisting  of  the  32-gun  frigate  Solebay  ; 
1 8-gun  brig  Derwent,  Commander  Frederick  Parker  ;  and 
12-gun  brig  Tigris, Lieutenant  Robert  Bones;  also  a  transport, 
containing  166  soldiers  of  the  African  corps,  under  Major 
Charles  W.  Maxwell,  and  a  number  of  small  vessels.  The 
casualties  attending  this  capture,  though  few,  were  of  import- 
ance j  Captain  Parker,  a  gallant  young  officer,  and  one  mid- 
shipman, were  drowned  in  the  surf,  in  endeavouring  to  cross 
the  bar  of  the  river  *  one  lieutenant  of  troops  died  from 
fatigue,  and  one  man  was  wounded  by  the  enemy's  fire.  The 
Solebay  was  totally  wrecked  in  the  river. 

On  the  14th  of  July,  Lieutenant  Henry  R.  Battersby,  at 
the  head  of  a  party  of  seamen,  from  the  1 8-gun  brig  Scout; 
Commander  William  Raitt,  attacked  a  strong  battery,  which 
commanded  the  port  of  Carri,  between  Marseilles  and  the 
Rhone,  and  carried  it  without  loss.  Por  his  gallantry  on 
this  and  on  several  similar  occasions,  Lieutenant  Battersby 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander  in  the  ensuing 

mony  to  the  worth  of  this  officer  : — "  No  praise  from  my  pen  can  do 
adequate  justice  to  this  lamented  young  man  :  as  an  officer,  he  was 
active,  correct,  and  zealous,  to  the  highest  degree  ;  the  leader  of  every 
kind  of  enterprise,  and  regardless  of  danger,  he  delighted  in  whatever 
could  tend  to  promote  the  glory  of  his  country." 

u2 


292  BOAT    ATTACK    IX    ASPO    KOADS.  [1809. 

month  of  September.     The  above  is   a  naval    medal   boat 
action. 

On  the  25th  of  July,  the  boats  of  the  74-gun  ships  Prin- 
cess Caroline  and  Minotaur,  Captains  Charles  Dudley  Pater 
and  John  Barrett ;  32-gun  frigate  Cerberus,  Captain  Henry 
Whitby  ;  and  18-gun  sloop  Prometheus,  were  sent  away, 
seventeen  in  number,  in  charge  of  Commander  Forrest,  of 
the  latter  vessel,  to  attack  four  Russian  gun-boats  and  an 
armed  brig,  lying  at  Fredericksham,  near  Aspo  Roads,  in  the 
Gulf  of  Finland.  After  dark,  the  boats,  in  which  were 
Lieutenants  James  Bashford,  John  J.  Callenan,  Robert 
Pettet,  John  Simpson,  Gawen  Forster,  and  Thomas  Finni- 
more,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  William  Wilkins,  departed 
on  this  service.  At  lOh.  30m.  p.m.  the  attack  began,  and, 
after  a  desperate  and  sanguinary  conflict,  three  of  the  gun- 
boats, each  mounting  two  long  18-pounders,  and  having  on 
board  137  men,  together  with  an  armed  brig,  were  captured 
and  brought  off.  The  British  loss  was  very  severe,  amount- 
ing to  Lieutenant  Callenan,  Second  Lieutenant  of  marines 
William  Wilkins,  Gordon  Carrington,  midshipman,  and  six- 
teen men  killed ;  and  Commander  Forrest,  Lieutenant  Forster, 
George  Elvey,  Thomas  Milne,  and  John  Chalmers,  midship- 
men, and  forty-six  seamen  and  marines  wounded.  The  Rus- 
sians had  twenty-eight  killed  and  fifty-eight  wounded.  One 
of  the  gun-boats  was  so  obstinately  defended,  that  every  man 
of  her  crew,  forty-four  in  number,  was  either  killed  or 
wounded  before  she  surrendered.  For  his  conduct  on  this 
and  other  occasions,  the  leader  of  this  gallant  party  was  ad- 
vanced to  post  rank.  The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to 
those  present  in  this  boat  action. 

On  the  28th  of  July,  in  the  morning,  the  74-gun  ship 
Excellent,  Captain  John  West,  belonging  to  the  squadron  of - 
Captain  William  Hargood,  being  off  Trieste,  chased  an  enemy's 
convoy  into  the  harbour  of  Duin,  about  four  leagues  to  the 
northward  of  Trieste.  At  1  Oh.  p.m.  the  Acorn  sloop  of  eighteen 
guns,  Commander  Robert  Clephan,  and  1 6-gun  brig  Bustard, 
Commander  David  Markland,  with  the  boats  of  the  Excellent, 
under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  John  Harper,  were  detached 
to  get  possession  of  the  convoy.  About  midnight  the  boats, 
covered  by  the  Acorn  and  Bustard,  pushed  through  a  heavy 
fire  into  the  harbour,  and  while  Captain  Richard  Cummings, 


1809.]  WALCHEREN   EXPEDITION.  203 

of  the  marines,  landed  with  a  small  detachment  to  dislodge 
the  enemy  from  among  the  rocks  and  on  the  heights,  Lieu- 
tenant Harper  and  his  party  boarded  and  earned  six  heavily 
armed  Italian  gun-boats,  which,  together  with  ten  laden  ves- 
sels, were  brought  off.  Commander  Katly  Robinson,  master 
of  the  Bustard,  and  seven  seamen  and  marines  were  wou#ded. 
The  above  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  28th  of  July,  an  expedition  sailed  from  the  Downs, 
under  Rear- Admiral  Sir  Richard  John  Strachan,  containing 
nearly  40,000  troops,  under  Lieutenant-General  the  Earl  of 
Chatham,  destined  to  attack  the  French  shipping  in  Flush- 
ing, and  to  destroy  the  enemy's  works  in  the  Scheldt,  which 
was  to  be  rendered  no  longer  navigable  for  ships  of  war. 
This  fleet,  including  mortar-vessels  and  about  120  hired  and 
revenue  cutters,  gun-boats,  &c,  amounted  in  the  whole  to 
245  vessels  of  war,  to  which  were  added  about  4.00  trans- 
ports with  troops.  Except  the  taking  of  Flushing,  no  ad- 
vantage was  gained  by  this  expensive  effort.  In  that  port 
were  found  three  vessels  on  the  stocks,  a  74-gun  ship,  frigate, 
and  brig ;  the  two  latter  were  destroyed  at  the  evacuation 
of  the  port  in  December,  but  the  timbers  of  the  former  were 
removed  to  Woolwich,  where  they  were  put  together,  and 
the  ship  named  the  Chatham.  A  frigate  of  1,100  tons  also 
fell  into  the  hands  of  the  British,  and  became  the  38-gun 
frigate  Laurel.  The  basin,  arsenal,  and  sea-defences  of  Flush- 
ing were  destroyed,  and  the  port  rendered  unfit  for  a  French 
depot ;  but  had  more  energy  been  used  by  the  commander  of 
the  land  forces,  it  is  believed  that  the  troops  might  have 
landed,  and  inarched  on  to  Antwerp.  Hundreds  of  valuable 
lives  were  sacrificed  by  the  occupation  of  the  island  of  Wal- 
cheren.  The  whole  business  was  ill-timed  and  untoward, 
and  few  who  were  present  and  engaged  in  it  but  bear  about 
them  the  effects  of  the  Polder  fever,  inherent  to  the  low  and 
swampy  island  which  for  many  months  they  were  compelled 
to  inhabit. 

On  the  14th  of  August,  Commander  Nisbet  Josiah  Wil- 
loughby,  of  the  18 -gun  ship-sloop  Otter,  while  cruising  off 
Cape  Brabant,  Isle  of  France,  observed  a  brig,  a  lugger,  and 
gun-boat,  at  anchor  under  the  protection  of  the  batteries  of 
Riviere  Noire.  Conceiving  that  if  an  unexpected  attack 
could  be  made,  they  might  be  brought  off,  notwithstanding 


294:  BOATS    OP   OTTER   AT   THE   RIVIERE   NOIRE.        [1809. 

the  powerful  batteries  which  sheltered  them,  Captain  Wil- 
loughby determined  to  make  the  attempt  with  the  boats,  and 
having  stood  off  until  dark,  regained  the  mouth  of  the  river 
at  about  llh.  P.M.  At  a  little  before  midnight  the  boats  put 
off,  commanded  by  the  captain  in  person,  who  embarked  in  a 
six-oared  gig  ;  the  launch  (containing  about  twenty  men) 
was  commanded  by  Lieutenant  John  Burns,  and  the  jolly- 
boat  by  William  "Weiss,  midshipman.  The  gig  was  designed 
to  board  the  gun-boat,  the  launch  the  brig,  and  the  jolly-boat 
the  lugger.  Covered  by  the  darkness,  the  three  boats  en- 
tered the  harbour  unperceived,  but  having  missed  the  gun- 
boat, they  boarded  and  carried  the  lugger.  Having  secured 
this  vessel,  Captain  Willoughby  despatched  the  launch  and 
jolly-boat  to  board  the  brig,  and  preceeded  himself  in  search 
of  the  gun-boat.  The  launch  and  jolly-boat  got  alongside 
the  brig,  on  the  deck  of  which  was  drawn  up  a  large  party 
of  soldiers  ;  but  the  seamen  boarded,  and  after  a  smart 
struggle  overcame  all  resistance.  The  brig's  cable  was  in 
the  meanwhile  cut  by  the  man  left  in  the  launch  for  the 
purpose.  This  gallant  fellow,  whose  name  we  regret  our 
inability  to  record,  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  head  from 
the  mate  of  the  brig,  but  whom  in  return  he  killed  with  a 
blow  from  his  axe. 

Captain  Willoughby,  after  a  vain  search  for  the  gun-boat, 
during  which  he  had  gone  near  enough  to  be  hailed  by  a 
sentry  on  the  innermost  battery,  arrived  on  board  the  brig, 
and  finding  there  was  no  chance  of  getting  the  prize  away, 
she  being  secured  to  the  shore  by  a  chain  fast  to  her  keel, 
ordered  the  prisoners  to  be  removed,  and  the  vessel  to  be  set 
on  fire.  But  as  humanity  was  always  a  leading  feature  in 
this  gallant  officer's  character,  he  was  induced  to  change  his 
intention,  in  consequence  of  some  of  the  brig's  crew  being 
wounded,  and  which  would  have  rendered  their  removal 
difficult.  The  vessel  was  therefore  abandoned,  and  the 
three  boats  taking  the  lugger  in  tow,  carried  her  off  under  a 
tremendous  fire  from  the  batteries,  by  this  time  in  a  state  of 
alarm.  In  order  to  give  the  batteries  a  chance  of  hitting  the 
boats,  false  fires  were  continually  thrown  up  from  the  brig, 
which  illumined  the  river.  No  greater  loss  was  sustained  in 
this  daring  exploit  than  one  man  killed  in  the  launch,  and 
another  wounded,  with  the  loss  of  an  arm.     The  lugger's 


1809.]  BOATS   OF   AMPHION   AT    CORTELAZZO.  295 

masts  were  much  damaged  by  the  fire  from  the  forts.  Just 
as  the  boats  cleared  the  river  they  were  met  by  Lieutenant 
Thomas  L.  P.  Laugharne,  who,  observing  the  heavy  firing, 
was  proceeding  with  the  cutter  to  render  assistance  in  case 
any  was  needed. 

On  the  24th  of  August,  Captain  William  Hoste,  in  the 
Amphion,  reconnoitred  the  port  of  Cortelazzo,  in  the  Adriatic, 
in  which  were  discovered  six  Italian  gun-boats  and  a  convoy 
of  trabacculos,  moored  under  a  battery  of  four  24-pounders 
in  the  river  Piavie.  Finding  it  impracticable,  on  account  of 
the  shoalness  of  the  water,  for  the  frigate  to  enter  the  port, 
Captain  Hoste  determined  to  send  in  the  boats.  To  j)revent 
suspicion  of  his  design,  the  ship  was  kept  out  of  sight  of  land 
until  the  evening  of  the  26th,  when,  soon  after  midnight, 
she  anchored  at  the  entrance  of  the  Piavie.  At  3h.  a.m.  a 
party  of  seamen  and  marines,  under  Lieutenants  Charles  G. 
P.  Phillott,  George  M.  Jones,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines 
Thomas  Moore,  landed  about  a  mile  to  the  southward  of  the 
battery,  leaving  Lieutenant  William  Slaughter  with  the 
boats,  to  push  for  the  river  the  moment  he  should  perceive 
that  the  fort  was  carried.  At  3h.  15m.  the  alarm  was  given, 
and  at  the  same  instant  Lieutenant  Phillott  and  his  party 
attacked  the  fort ;  but  although  surrounded  by  a  ditch  and 
a  chevaux-de-frise,  it  was  taken,  and  the  preconcerted  signal 
made  for  tne  boats  to  advance.  The  guns  of  the  battery 
were  then  turned  on  the  gun-boats,  which  were  also  attacked 
by  musketry  from  the  marines.  The  gun-boats  were  boarded 
by  Lieutenant  Slaughter  and  his  division,  and,  after  a  slight 
opposition,  taken  possession  of,  as  well  as  two  trabacculos 
with  cargoes,  which  were  brought  off,  and  five  others  burnt. 
Having  spiked  the  guns,  and  totally  destroyed  the  battery, 
the  boats  returned  to  the  Amphion  at  lh.  p.m.,  having  only 
one  marine  wounded,  which  immunity  was  chiefly  due  to  the 
exceedingly  well-laid  and  admirably-conducted  plan.  For  his 
distinguished  gallantry  on  this  and  several  previous  occa- 
sions, Lieutenant  Phillot  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  com- 
mander. Besides  the  above-mentioned  officers,  the  following 
were  present  in  the  boats : — Masters'  mates  John  Dalleny 
and  Thomas  Boardman ;  Midshipmen  Joseph  Ga])e,  Charles 
H.  Ross,  George  Castle,  Charles  Henry  Kempthorn,  William 
L.  Pees,  Thomas  Edward  Hoste,  Francis  George  Farewell, 


296  BOATS    OF    MERCURY   AT    BARLETTA.  [1809. 

and  Robert  Spearman  ;  also  Assistant-Surgeon  Jonathan 
Angas.     The  above  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  night  of  the  7th  of  September  the  boats  of  the 
28-gun  frigate  Mercury,  Captain  the  Hou.  Henry  Duncan,  in 
command  of  Lieutenant  Watkin  Owen  Pell,  assisted  by  Lieu- 
tenant Robert  J.  Gordon,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  James 
Whylock,  Captain's  clerk  George  Anderson,  and  the  Gunner 
Sandell,  each  of  whom  had  charge  of  a  boat,  entered  the  har- 
bour of  Barletta,  near  Manfredonia,  where  they  boarded  and 
gallantly  captured  the  French  national  schooner  Pugliese,  of 
five  long  G-pounder  and  two  1 8-pounder  guns,  and  thirty-one 
men,  commanded  by  an  enseigne  de  vaisseau.  The  schooner, 
when  thus  boarded,  was  moored  with  eight  cables  inside,  and 
close  to  the  mole,  on  which  was  posted  a  large  party  ot 
troops  ;  she  was  also  within  musket-shot  of  a  castle  mounting 
eight  guns,  and  of  two  armed  feluccas.  As  the  rudder  and 
sails  of  the  schooner  were  on  shore,  the  boats  took  her  in 
tow,  and  so  judiciously  and  speedily  was  everything  per- 
formed, that  the  prize  was  carried  off  and  not  one  of  the 
gallant  victors  wounded. 

On  the  10th  of  September,  the  10-gun  brig  Diana,  Lieu- 
tenant William  Kempthorne,  when  standing  into  the  Bay  of 
Amarang,  in  the  island  of  Celebes,  discovered  the  Dutch 
14-gun  brig  Zephyr  lying  at  anchor  close  under  a  fort.  Lieu- 
tenant Kempthorne  resolved  to  attempt  her  capture  with 
the  boats  at  night,  when  the  land  breeze  set  in ;  and  the 
Diana  beat  about  the  bay,  disguised  as  a  merchant  vessel, 
until  it  became  dark,  when  the  boats  departed  upon  this 
enterprise.  After  a  fruitless  search  of  two  hours,  the  boats 
returned,  and  Lieutenant  Kempthorne,  conjecturing  that  the 
Zephyr  had  shifted  her  position,  and  would  try  to  reach  the 
shelter  of  a  strong  fort  in  the  Bay  of  Monado,  hoisted  in  the 
boats  and  made  sail  in  that  direction.  On  the  11th,  at  day- 
light, the  enemy  was  discovered  hull  down  ahead,  and  the 
chase  was  continued  with  much  eagerness.  At  4h.  30m. 
p.m.,  the  Zephyr  being  within  four  miles  of  Monado  fort, 
was  taken  aback  by  the  land  wind,  while  the  Diana,  still 
favoured  by  the  sea  breeze,  succeeded  in  getting  within  half 
gun-shot  of  her  opponent's  lee  beam  before  feeling  the  land 
breeze,  when  she  also  filled  on  the  larboard  tack.  The  action 
then  commenced,   and  after  engaging  about  forty  minutes, 


1809.]  DIANA   A>:D   ZEPHYR.  297 

tlie  Zephyr,  encouraged  by  the  appearance  of  five  gun- boats 
sweeping  off  to  her  assistance,  ran  down  within  pistol-shot 
of  the  weather-beam  of  the  Diana.  Shortly  afterwards,  her 
main-topsail  sheet  being  shot  away,  she  fell  on  board  the 
Diana,  and  at  about  5h.  40m.,  just  as  the  British  were  about 
to  board,  hauled  down  her  colours.  The  Diana,  taking  her 
prize  in  tow,  then  stood  towards  the  gun-boats,  which  were 
sweeping  down  in  line  upon  her  weather-beam  ;  but  they 
dispersed  after  receiving  a  few  shot  from  the  brig.  The 
Diana  sustained  little  damage,  and  had  not  a  man  hurt.  The 
Zephyr  was  much  cut  up  in  masts  and  rigging,  and,  out  of 
forty-five  men  (the  same  in  number  as  the  Diana's  crew),  had 
her  first  lieutenant  and  four  killed,  and  eight  men  wounded. 
Lieutenant  Kempthorne  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  com- 
mander on  the  3rd  of  April,  1811.  This  is  a  naval  medal 
action. 

On  the  16th  of  September,  Commodore  Josias  Rowley 
having  determined  to  attack  the  harbour  or  bay  of  St.  Paul's, 
Isle  of  Bourbon  (a  noted  resort  of  French  cruisers),  a  detach- 
ment of  368  troops,  including  officers,  embarked  at  Fort 
Duncan,  Island  of  Rodriguez,  on  board  the  36-gun  frigate 
Nereide,  Captain  Robert  Corbett ;  Otter,  Commander  Nesbit 
J.  Willoughby;  and  the  H.E.I.O.'s  armed  schooner  Wasp, 
Lieutenant  Watkins.  On  the  evening  of  the  1 8th,  the  Rai- 
sonable,  bearing  the  commodore's  broad  pendant,  being  oft" 
Port  Louis,  Isle  of  France,  was  joined  by  the  frigates  Sirius 
and  Boadicea,  Captains  Samuel  Pym  and  John  Hatley.  On 
the  morning  of  the  19th,  100  men  from  the  Raisonable  and 
Otter,  and  the  marines  of  the  squadron,  136  in  number, 
forming  with  the  troops  a  total  of  604,  including  officers, 
were  put  on  board  the  Ncreide,  and  in  the  evening  the 
squadron  stood  towards  Bourbon. 

By  7h.  a.m.  on  the  21st,  the  party  (including  a  division  of 
seamen  commanded  by  Captain  Willoughby),  having  landed 
without  opposition,  were  in  possession  of  the  batteries  of 
Lambousiere  and  La  Centiere,  when  Captain  Willoughby 
with  his  sailors  turned  the  guns  of  those  batteries  on  the 
shipping,  the  fire  from  which  had  annoyed  the  troops  consi- 
derably. After  defeating  the  enemy  in  a  smart  skirmish, 
the  British  took  a  third  battery,  named  Le  Neuf ;  but,  the 
French  having  been  reinforced,  the  British  spiked  the  guns 


298  CAPTURE  OF  st.    paul's.  [1809. 

of  the  first  and  second  batteries,  and  manned  the  battery  of 
Le  Neuf,  which  then  opened  upon  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Caroline  and  her  consorts.  The  fourth  and  fifth  batteries 
were  also  taken,  and  by  8h.  30m.  a.m.  the  town  batteries 
(mounting  together  117  heavy  guns),  magazines,  eight  field- 
pieces,  and  all  the  public  stores,  together  with  several  pri- 
soners, were  in  possession  of  the  troops  under  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Keating.  The  squadron  having  in  the  meanwhile 
stood  into  the  bay,  opened  a  heavy  fire  upon  the  Caroline 
and  two  Indiamen — her  prizes — as  well  as  on  those  batteries, 
which,  being  at  a  distance  from  the  point  of  attack,  were 
enabled  to  continue  their  fire.  Having  anchored  in  the  road, 
close  off  the  town  of  St.  Paul,  measures  were  taken  to  secure 
the  French  ships,  all  of  which,  on  the  near  approach  of  the 
British,  had  cut  their  cables  and  drifted  on  shore.  They 
were  got  off  without  having  sustained  any  material  injury. 

Of  the  jDarty  under  Captain  Willoughby,  two  seamen  and 
five  marines  were  killed ;  and  Lieutenant  Edward  Lloyd, 
and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Matthew  Howden  of  the  Baison- 
able,  the  latter  mortally,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  Thomas 
E.  Pye,  of  the  Boadicea,  two  seamen,  and  thirteen  marines 
wounded,  and  one  seaman  missing.  Of  the  troops,  eight 
were  killed,  forty  wounded,  and  two  missing.  Total :  fifteen 
killed,  fifty-eight  wounded,  and  three  missing.  The  ships 
captured  were  the  40-gun  frigate  Caroline,  of  1,078  tons, 
the  H.E.I. C.'s  ships  Streatham  and  EurojDe,  the  14-gun  brig 
Grappler,  together  with  five  or  six  smaller  vessels.  By 
evening  the  demolition  of  the  different  batteries  and  of  the 
magazines  was  completed,  and  the  troops  and  seamen  re- 
embarked. 

On  the  22nd,  in  the  evening,  a  French  force  appealing  on 
the  hills,  Captain  Willoughby  volunteered  his  services  to  at- 
tack them,  which  being  accepted,  he  landed  with  a  party  of 
seamen,  and  destroyed  the  storehouses  and  public  property, 
including  an  extensive  government  store,  containing  all  the 
law  silk  of  the  Indiamen,  valued  at  more  than  half  a  million 
sterling.  The  party  re-embarked  without  sustaining  any 
loss.  The  Caroline  was  commissioned  as  a  British  cruiser, 
and  named  the  Bourbonnaise,  and  Captain  Corbett  appointed 
to  command  her.     The  vacancy  in  the  Nereide,  caused  by 


1809.]  DESTRUCTION   OF   ROBUST   AND   LION.  299 

Captain  Corbett's  removal,  was  filled  by  Captain  Willoughby, 
whose  conduct  richly  merited  the  promotion  he  received. 

On  the  17th  of  October,  in  the  morning,  the  boats  of 
the  18-gun  ship-sloop  Hazard  and  18 -gun  brig  Pelorus, 
Commanders  Hugh  Cameron  and  Thomas  Huskisson,  in 
which  were  Lieutenants  James  Robertson  and  Edward 
Flinn,  assisted  by  Midshipmen  John  S.  Brisbane,  Hugh 
Hunter,  and  Ebenezer  Scott,  and  William  Fergusson,  boat- 
swain of  the  Pelorus,  attacked  a  privateer  schooner  moored 
under  the  batteries  of  Sainte  Marie,  island  of  Guadaloupe. 
Although  exposed  for  some  time  to  a  heavy  fire  of  grape 
and  musketry,  the  schooner  was  boarded  and  carried ;  but 
being  found  moored  to  the  shore  by  a  chain  secured  round 
the  masthead  and  by  others  upon  each  quarter,  she  was  set 
on  fire  and  soon  afterwards  blew  up.  In  performing  this 
service  six  men  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Flinn  and 
Mr.  Fergusson  much  burnt  by  the  explosion  of  the  priva- 
teer; besides  which,  seven  men  were  wounded  by  the 
enemy's  fire. 

On  the  26th  of  October,  the  French  80-gun  ship  Robust 
and  74-gun  ship  Lion,  belonging  to  the  squadron  of  Rear- 
Admiral  Baudin,  which  had  escaped  from  Toulon  with 
Admiral  Ganteaume,  were  driven  on  shore  near  Frontignan, 
in  the  Gulf  of  Lyons,  by  a  squadron  of  six  sail  of  the  line, 
commanded  by  Rear-Admiral  George  Martin,  consisting  of 
the  following  : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

80     Canopus i  ^ar-Ad   Geo.  Martin  (red) 

r  (  Captain  Unas.  Inglis 

rEenown   „         Philip  C.  C.  H.  Durham 

Tigre    „         Benj.  Hallowell 

74  J  Sultan „         Edward  Griffiths 

I  Leviathan    „         John  Harvey 

I  Cumberland    „         Hon.  Philip  Wodehouse 

The  French  ships  were  set  on  fire  by  their  own  crews,  and 
at  lOh.  30m.  p.m.  blew  up  with  a  tremendous  explosion, 
the  British  being  at  the  time  becalmed  about  seven  miles 
distant. 

The  remainder  of  a  large  fleet  of  armed  store-ships  and 
transports,  which  had  sailed  with  Admiral  Ganteaume  from 
Toulon,  boimd  to  Barcelona,  now  consisting  of  seven  mer- 


300  DESTRUCTION   OF   CONVOY    IN   ROSAS    BAY.  [1809. 

chant  vessels,  in  charge  of  the  8-pounder  lG-gun  store- 
ship  Lamproie,  Lieutenant  de  vaisseau  La  Breteche,  the 
two  armed  bombards  Victoire  and  Grondeur,  and  xebeck 
Normandie,  anchored  in  the  Bay  of  Rosas,  under  the  pro- 
tection of  several  powerful  batteries.  Lord  Collingwood 
having  determined  that  an  attempt  to  capture  or  destroy 
these  vessels  should  be  made,  despatched  Captain  Benjamin 
Hallowell,  in  the  Tigre,  with  a  squadron,  for  the  purpose. 
On  the  evening  of  the  31st  of  October,  after  dark,  the 
British  squadron  bore  up  for  the  Bay  of  Rosas,  and  anchored 
about  live  miles  from  the  town,  except  the  brigs  Philomel, 
Scout,  and  Tuscan,  which  continued  underway  to  cover 
the  boats.  The  following  are  the  names  of  the  officers  em- 
ployed on  this  service  : — Tigre  :  Lieutenants  John  Tailour, 
A.  W  J.  Clifford,  Edward  Boxer,  William  Matterface,  Wil- 
liam Hamilton,  and  John  Boulton  •  Masters'  mates  James 
Caldwell,  Joshua  Kynson ;  Midshipmen  Dey  Richard  Syer, 
Honourable  Robert  C.  Spencer,  Henry  Fawcett,  George 
P.  Bridges,  George  Sandys,  James  Athill,  Honourable 
George  J.  Percival,  James  Montagu,  and  Frederick  Noel ; 
and  Assistant-Surgeon  Alexander  Hosack.  Cumberland : 
Lieutenants  John  Murray,  Richard  Stuart,  and  William 
Bradley  ',  Captain  of  marines  Edward  Baillie  ;  Master's 
mate  John  Webster  ;  Midshipmen  Charles  R.  Milbourne, 
Henry  Wise,  William  H.  Brady,  and  Annesley  Blackmore. 
Apollo  :  Lieutenants  James  Begbie,  Robert  C.  Barton,  and 
John  Forster ;  Masters'  mates  Henry  W.  de  Chair  and 
William  Plant ;  Midshipmen  James  Dunderdale  and  Henry 
Lancaster ;  and  Captain's  clerk  John  O.  French.  Topaze  : 
Lieutenants  Charles  Hammond,  Nicholas  James  C.  Dunn, 
William  Rawlins,  Lord  Balgonie  (Ville  de  Paris),  and  Wil- 
liam Halstead  (marines)  ;  Master's  mate  Alexander  Bovter  ; 
Carpenter  Thomas  Canty ;  and  Midshipmen  Joseph  Hume, 
Hungerford  Luthill,  and  Harry  Nicholas.  Volontaire :  Lieu- 
tenants Dalhousie  Tait  (Monarch),  Samuel  Sison,  Honour- 
able J.  A.  Maude  (Ville  de  Paris),  and  William  Burton  and 
Duncan  Campbell  (marines);  Masters'  mates  John  Banna- 
tyne  and  Thomas  Randall ;  Midshipmen  Richard  Harness, 
Henry  J.  Leeke,  and  John  Armstead  (Ville  de  Paris) ;  and 
Carpenter  William  Middleton.  Scout  :  Lieutenants  John 
Farrant   and   the   Honourable  W.  Waldegrave ;   and   Mid- 


1809.]  CAPTURE   OF   ZANTE,  CEPHALONIA,  ETC.  301 

shipman  John  Davy  (from  the  Ville  de  Paris).  Tuscan  : 
Lieutenant  Pasco  Dunn  ;  Masters'  mates  John  McDougall 
and  Charles  Gray  (both  from  the  Ville  de  Paris)  ;  and  Mid- 
shipman John  Sliddy.  The  boats,  under  the  command  of 
Lieutenant  Tailour,  put  off  in  perfect  order,  and  as  they 
approached  the  enemy  the  alarm-gun  was  fired,  on  which 
the  seamen  gave  three  tremendous  cheers  and  dashed  on, 
each  division  of  boats  to  its  allotted  station.  The  Lamproie 
was  boarded  at  all  points,  and,  notwithstanding  a  determined 
resistance,  was  carried  in  a  few  minutes.  The  Victoire, 
Grondeur,  Normandie,  and  a  felucca,  although  defended 
with  equal  bravery,  were  captured,  and  this  was  performed 
in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire  from  the  castle  of  Rosas  and 
several  other  batteries,  and  of  repeated  volleys  of  musketry 
from  the  troops  which  lined  the  beach.  By  daylight  on  the 
1st  of  November  every  French  vessel  of  the  eleven  was 
either  burnt  at  her  moorings,  or  brought  off.  The  loss  was, 
however,  severe.  Lieutenant  Tait  and  Mr.  Caldwell,  ten 
seamen,  and  three  marines  were  killed  ;  and  Lieutenants 
Tailour  and  Forster,  Mr.  Syer,  seven  seamen,  and  one 
marine  severely,  and  Lieutenants  Stuart,  Maude,  and  Begbie, 
Messieurs  Webster,  Brady,  and  Armstead,  twenty-eight  sea- 
men, and  five  marines  slightly  wounded.  Total  :  fifteen 
killed  and  fifty-five  wounded.  Lieutenant  Tailour  was 
immediately  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander,  and 
Mr.  Syer,  whose  gallantry  had  been  very  conspicuous,  and 
whose  wound  was  of  a  very  dangerous  description,  was  also 
promoted  by  Lord  Collingwood  in  a  death  vacancy.  This  is 
a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

In  the  month  of  October,  Zante,  Cephalonia,  and  their 
dependencies,  surrendered  to  a  combined  naval  and  military 
force  under  Captain  John  W.  Spranger,  of  the  74-gun  ship 
Warrior,  and  Brigadier-General  Oswald.  Cerigo  surren- 
dered about  the  same  time  to  Captain  Jahleel  Brenton,  of 
the  38-gun  frigate  Spartan,  and  a  division  of  troops  under 
Major  Charles  W.  Clarke,  of  the  35th  regiment,  as  did  also 
Ithaca  to  Commander  George  Crawley,  of  the  Philomel,  and 
a  detachment  of  troops  under  Captain  Church. 

On  the  2nd  of  November,  the  18-gun  corvette  Victor, 
Commander  Edward  Stopford,  was  chased  by  the  French 
40-gun  frigate  Bellone  ;  and,  at  lOh.  p.m.,  after  a  running 


302  REDUCTION   OF   RAS-AL-KHYMA.  [1809. 

fight,  having  her  main  and  mizen  masts  wounded,  fore-top- 
sail-yard shot  away,  and  rigging  cut  to  pieces,  hauled  down 
her  colours.     Two  of  the  Victor's  men  were  wounded. 

The  town  of  Eas-al-Khyma,  in  the  Persian  Gulf,  having 
for  some  time  been  a  nest  for  numerous  desperate  pirates, 
it  was  deemed  necessary  to  send  an  expedition  thither  to 
destroy  it.  This  duty  was  intrusted  to  Captain  John 
Wainwright,  in  command  of  the  12-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
ChifFomie.  The  squadron  consisted,  besides  the  Chiffonne,  of 
the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Caroline,  Captain  Charles 
Gordon,  and  H.E.I.C.'s  cruisers  Mornington,  Captain 
Jeakes,  and  Aurora,  Nautilus,  Prince  of  "Wales,  Fury,  and 
Ariel,  Lieutenants  Conyers,  Watkins,  Allen,  Davidson,  and 
Salter,  on  board  which  a  body  of  troops  had  embarked  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Smith.  On  the  13th  of  November  this 
service  was  effected,  the  town  being  burnt  to  the  ground, 
and  the  vessels  in  the  port,  exceeding  fifty  in  number, 
including  thirty  large  dows,  and  a  quantity  of  naval  stores, 
were  completely  destroyed.  The  squadron  next  visited 
Linga,  where  twenty  large  piratical  vessels  were  destroyed ; 
and  on  the  27th  eleven  other  vessels  of  the  same  character 
were  burnt  at  the  town  of  Luffc,  and  the  sea  defences  of 
both  places  levelled  with  the  ground.  The  pirates  made  a 
desperate  resistance  at  each  place,  and  the  loss  in  performing 
these  services  consequently  amounted  to  five  killed,  fifteen 
severely,  and  nineteen  slightly,  wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  December,  while  the  38-gun  frigate  Thetis, 
Captain  George  Miller,  in  company  with  the  brigs  Pultusk, 
Achates,  and  Attentive,  Commanders  William  Elliot, 
Thomas  Pinto,  and  Lieutenant  Robert  Carr,  and  schooner 
Bacchus,  Lieutenant  Charles  D.  Jeremy,  was  cruising  off- 
Guadaloupe,  the  French  16-gun  brig  Nisus  was  observed  at 
anchor  under  the  protection  of  a  fort  in  the  harbour  of 
Hayes.  In  order  to  cut  out  this  vessel,  the  boats  of  the 
squadron,  with  the  marines  and  a  party  of  seamen,  were 
despatched  under  Captain  Elliot,  assisted  by  Lieutenant 
Nathaniel  Belchier  and  Lieutenants  of  marines  John  God- 
frey Ruel  and  Jervis  Cooke.  The  British  landed  in  the 
evening  without  opposition,  and,  having  proceeded  with 
difficulty  through  a  thick  wood,  reached  the  rear  of  the  fort, 
which  was  attacked  and  carried  in  gallant  style,  and  the 


1809.]        JUNON  AND  FRENCH  SQUADRON.  303 

garrison  compelled  to  retreat.  Leaving  Lieutenant  Belchier 
to  destroy  the  battery,  Captain  Elliot,  supported  by  the 
squadron,  and  particularly  by  the  Attentive,  boarded  and 
carried  the  corvette,  without  meeting  any  severer  casualty 
than  four  men  wounded.  The  Nisus,  a  brig  of  340  tons, 
was  added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  name  of  Guada- 
loupe.     This  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  14th,  the  36-gun  frigate  Melampus,  Captain 
Edward  Hawker,  cruising  off  Guadaloupe,  after  a  chase  of 
twenty-eight  hours,  captured  the  French  16-gun  brig 
Bearnais.  The  Bearnais  had  one  man  killed  and  several 
wounded;  and  two  men  were  wounded  on  board  the  Me- 
lampus by  the  brig's  fire.  On  the  17th,  the  French  16-gun 
corvette  Papillon,  consort  of  the  above,  was  captured  by  the 
18-gun  corvette  Rosamond,  Commander  Benjamin  Walker, 
without  much  resistance.  The  Bearnais  and  Papillon  were 
added  to  the  British  navy,  the  former  under  the  name  of 
Curieux. 

On  the  13th  of  December,  at  lh.  p.m.,  latitude  17°  18' 
north,  longitude  57°  west,  as  the  18-pounder  38-gun  frigate 
Junon,  Captain  John  Shortland,  in  company  with  the 
1 6-gun  brig  Observateur,  Commander  Frederick  A.  Wether- 
all,  were  in  the  act  of  boarding  an  American  ship,  four  large 
sail  were  seen  to  the  northward.  These  were  the  French 
40-gun  frigates  Benommee,  Commodore  Roquebert,  and 
Clorinde,  Captain  Saint  Cricq,  having  under  convoy  the 
40-gun  frigates  Loire  and  Seine,  armed  en  flute,  and  each 
mounting  twenty  guns,  long  18-pounders  and  36-pounder 
carroDades.  The  Junon  and  Observateur  made  sail  in  chase, 
and  at  4h.  p.m.  the  strangers  were  discovered  to  be  frigates. 
At  5h.  the  Junon  made  the  private  signal,  on  which  the 
strangers  hoisted  Spanish  colours.  The  Junon,  still  running- 
down  towards  the  frigates,  made  the  Spanish  private  signal, 
which  was  correctly  replied  to  by  the  Benommee.  Thus 
deceived,  Captain  Shortland  continued  to  approach  the 
French  frigates,  until  at  5h.  30m.,  when  the  enemy  hauled 
to  the  wind  in  line  of  battle  on  the  larboard  tack.  The 
Junon  then  shortened  sail,  and,  having  arrived  within  a 
quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  Renommee,  the  latter  substituted 
French  for  Spanish  colours,  and  poured  a  destructive  broad- 
side into  the  bows  of  the  British  frigate.    The  Junon  bearing 


304  CAPTURE   OF   THE   JUNON.  [1809. 

up,  then  ran  under  the  stern  of  the  Benommee',  pouring  in 
a  raking  broadside.  The  Observateur,  at  about  the  same 
time,  brought  to  on  the  larboard  tack,  and  discharged  her 
broadside  at  the  French  frigate,  but  at  too  great  a  distance 
to  do  much  execution.  The  Clorinde,  the  next  ship  to  the 
commodore,  then  ranged  up  on  the  starboard  beam  of  the 
Junon,  and  between  these  ships  a  warm  action  ensued. 
After  the  Junon  and  Clorinde  had  engaged  about  ten 
minutes,  the  Benommee,  being  some  distance  ahead  of  the 
combatants,  wore  round  on  the  starboard  tack  and  ran  the 
Junon  on  board  on  her  larboard  beam ;  the  Seine  and  Loire 
also  stationed  themselves,  one  ahead  and  the  other  astern, 
of  the  Junon,  and  kept  up  a  galling  fire.  The  Loire,  having 
on  board  200  troops,  after  a  time,  ran  her  bowsprit  over  the 
starboard  quarter  of  the  British  frigate,  in  which  position 
the  deck  of  the  latter  became  exposed  to  a  destructive  fire 
of  musketry.  In  the  heat  of  the  action,  Captain  Shortland 
had  one  of  his  legs  broken  by  a  grape-shot,  and  was  also 
badly  wounded  by  splinters.  The  command  then  devolved 
on  Lieutenant  Samuel  Bartlett  Deecker.  The  Junon  was  now 
grappled  by  the  Clorinde,  and  an  attempt  made  to  board  on 
the  starboard  quarter  ;  but  being  resisted  by  a  few  men  led 
on  by  Lieutenant  John  Green,  of  the  marines,  who  nobly  fell 
in  the  struggle,  the  assault  failed.  The  foresail  being  then 
•set,  the  Junon  disengaged  herself  from  her  opponents  ;  but, 
being  again  closed  with,  and  boarded  on  both  sides  at  once, 
the  British  ensign  was  hauled  down. 

The  Junon  commenced  the  action  with  no  more  than 
224  men ;  and,  of  this  number,  had  twenty,  including  Lieu- 
tenant Green,  killed  ;  and  forty,  including  Captain  Shortland 
and  some  officers  not  named,  wounded.  The  Observateur, 
having  hauled  to  the  wind  as  soon  as  the  impossibility  of 
preventing  the  capture  of  the  Junon  was  observed,  escaped 
without  loss.  The  Benommee,  out  of  a  crew  of  3 GO,  had 
fifteen  men  killed  and  three  wounded  ;  and  the  Clorinde, 
six  killed  and  fifteen  wounded.  The  Loire  and  Seine, 
which,  including  200  troops,  mustered  each  near  400  men, 
escaped  without  loss.  The  damages  of  the  Junon  were  such, 
that  her  captors,  deeming  it  impossible  to  carry  her  to  Guada- 
loupe,  from  which  they  were  within  two  days'  sail,  set  her 
on  fire ;  and  the  English  pendant  remained  flying  over  the 


1809.]        DEATH  OF  CAPTAIN  SHORTLAND.  305 

burning  ship  until  the  masts  fell.  This  is  another  of  those 
honourable  defeats  which  adorn  the  pages  of  British  history.1 

On  the  15th,  at  lh.  p.m.,  the  Observateur  arrived  off 
Basse-Terre,  Guadaloupe,  and  having  telegraphed  to  the 
38-gun  frigate  Blonde,  Captain  Volant  Vashon  Ballard,  that 
an  enemy's  squadron  of  five  frigates  was  within  six  hours' 
sail  of  her,  stood  on  towards  Martinique.  The  Blonde,  in 
company  with  the  38-gun  frigate  Thetis,  Captain  George 
Miller,  and  18-gun  sloops  Hazard  and  Cygnet,  Commanders 
Hugh  Cameron  and  Edward  Dix,  immediately  made  sail  for 
the  channel,  between  the  Saintes  and  Guadaloupe ;  and 
on  the  next  day  the  18-gun  brigs  Scorpion  and  Ringdove, 
Commanders  Francis  Stanfell  and  William  Dowers,  joined, 
and  were  detached  to  reconnoitre  Basse-Terre. 

On  the  17th,  the  32-gun  frigate  Castor,  Captain  William 
Eoberts,  joined,  with  information,  that  on  the  15th  she  had 
been  chased  by  the  Renommee  and  consorts.  At  daylight 
two  strange  ships  were  seen  to  the  northward.  These  were 
the  Seine  and  the  Loire,  which  had  separated  from  their 
consorts,  and  were  making  the  best  of  their  way  to  Basse- 
Terre.  Chase  was  immediately  given,  and  at  lOh.  a.m.,  the 
two  frigates,  finding  themselves  cut  off  from  their  port, 
entered  a  cove  named  Anse  la  Barque,  and  anchored  head 
and  stern,  under  the  protection  of  a  strong  battery  on  each 

1  Captain  Shortland,  a  most  valuable  and  distinguished  officer,  had 
suffered  amputation  of  his  right  leg  above  the  knee,  and  of  a  finger,  but 
had  there  been  a  probability  of  saving  his  life,  other  operations  would 
have  been  necessary.  His  sufferings,  when  the  Castor  hove  in  sight,  in 
being  removed  from  the  captain's  cabin  to  the  gun-room,  were  extreme, 
and  not  less  so,  when  taken  from  the  frigate  to  the  shore,  and  in  being 
conveyed  thirteen  miles,  in  a  scorching  sun,  to  the  hospital.  After  beino- 
unable  to  sit  up  in  his  bed  during  the  five  weeks  subsequent  to  his  cap- 
ture, Captain  Shortland  expired  on  the  21st  of  January,  1810.  General 
Ernouf  paid  every  possible  respect  to  his  remains,  and'he  was  buried  at 
Easse-Terre,  with  military  honours. 

At  the  capture  of  Guadaloupe,  Lieutenant  Deecker  and  the  surviving 
officers  of  the  Junon,  who  had  been  landed  with  Captain  Shortland  from 
the  Loire  and  Seine,  were  released  ;  and  on  the  20th  of  February,  1810, 
were  honourably  acquitted  by  a  court-martial,  for  the  loss  of  the  Junon. 
Lieutenant  Deecker  being  strongly  recommended  for  promotion,  was 
made  a  commander  on  the  17th  of  April  following.  The  second  and  third 
lieutenants  of  the  Junon,  George  V.  Jackson  and  Henry  Conn,  had  been 
taken  on  board  the  Renommee,  which  ship,  with  the  Clorinde.  anchored 
in  Brest  Road  on  the  23rd  of  January,  1S10. 

VOL.  II.  X 


306  DESTRUCTION    OF    SEINE   AND    LOIRE.  [1809. 

point  of  the  cove.  At  2h.  40m.  p.m.  a  battery  on  Point 
Lizard,  a  little  to  the  southward  of  Arise  la  Barque,  having 
tired  at  the  British  squadron  and  struck  the'  Ringdove,  Cap- 
tain Bowers  embarked  a  party  in  his  boats  ;  and  at  3h. 
landed,  and  stormed  and  carried  the  fort,  of  which  he  spiked 
the  guns,  blew  up  the  magazine,  and  at  4h.  returned  to  the 
Ringdove  without  having  sustained  any  loss.  In  the  evening, 
the  12-gun  schooner  Elizabeth,  Lieutenant  Charles  Finch, 
joined  company,  and  was  despatched  to  sound  the  entrance 
to  the  bay,  where  Lieutenant  Finch  succeeded  in  finding  a 
safe  anchorage.  On  the  same  evening,  the  36-gun  frigate 
Freija,  Captain  John  Hayes,  arrived  from  Martinique. 

On  the  18th,  at  8h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  74-gun  ship  Sceptre, 
Captain  Samuel  J.  Ballard,  arrived  from  Martinique  just  as 
a  flag  of  truce  came  off  from  the  shore.  This  the  commodore 
speedily  dismissed,  and  made  preparation  for  an  immediate 
attack.  The  Blonde  and  Thetis  were  ordered  to  enter  the 
bay,  and  engage  the  French  frigates,  while  the  Sceptre  and 
Freija  cannonaded  the  batteries,  and  the  Hazard,  Cygnet, 
Ringdove,  and  Elizabeth,  were  ordered  to  take  the  boats  of 
the  squadron  in  tow.  Owing  to  light  winds,  the  frigates 
found  great  difliculty  in  nearing  the  shore  ;  but  at  2h.  2om. 
p.m.  one  of  the  forts  commenced  firing,  and  at  2h.  40m. 
the  Seine  and  Loire  opened  their  fire.  Having  at  length 
arrived  within  a  quarter  of  a  mile  of  the  French  frigates, 
and  within  half  pistol-shot  of  a  fort,  the  Blonde  anchored 
with  springs,  and  opened  her  starboard  broadside  ;  and  the 
Thetis  soon  afterwards  anchored  and  commenced  firing.  At 
3h.  30m.  one  of  the  enemy's  ships  was  dismasted,  and  sur- 
rendered ;  and  the  Thetis,  which  ship  had  principally  engaged 
her,  then  brought  her  broadside  to  bear  on  the  fort.  At 
4h.  20m.  the  remaining  French  frigate  hauled  down  her 
colours,  and  the  Blonde  and  Thetis  made  sail  out  of  reach  of 
the  fort.  At  5h.  20m.,  the  northernmost  frigate  having 
caught  fire,  blew  up  with  a  tremendous  explosion,  and  a 
portion  of  the  burning  wreck  falling  on  board  the  other 
frigate,  caused  her  destruction  also. 

Just  as  the  night  was  closing  in,  the  boats  of  the  squadron, 
under  the  orders  of  Captain  Cameron,  covered  by  the  fire  of 
the  brigs,  quitted  for  the  shore,  and  landed  under  a  heavy 
fire.     The  British  succeeded  in  storming  the  fort,  but  not 


1809.]  DEATH    OF    CAPTAIN   CAMERON.  307 

without  sustaining  a  serious  loss  in  the  person  of  Captain 
Cameron,  who  was  wounded  by  a  musket-ball,  while  gallantly 
hauling  down  the  French  colours,  and  afterwards  killed  by  a 
grape-shot,  as  he  was  stepping  into  his  boat  to  return  to  the 
Hazard,  after  having  so  well  executed  the  service  he  was 
sent  to  perform.  The  principal  loss  was  sustained  by  the 
Blonde  and  Thetis  ;  the  former  had  her  first  lieutenant, 
George  Jenkins,  Edward  Freeman,  master's  mate,  four  sea- 
men, and  two  marines  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Cpesar  W. 
Richardson,  Thomas  Robotham,  midshipman,  ten  seamen, 
and  four  marines  wounded :  the  Thetis  had  six  seamen 
wounded  :  total,  including  Captain  Cameron,  of  the  Hazard, 
nine  killed  and  twenty-two  wounded.  The  first  lieutenant 
of  the  Sceptre,  John  Wyborn,  was  promoted  for  this  service, 
his  commission  bearing  date  the  day  of  the  action.  The 
naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  all  the  ships  engaged  on  the 
above  occasions. 


x2 


308  CAPTURE    OF    ORESTE.  [1810. 


1810. 

On  the  10th  of  January,  Commander  Richard  Arthur,  in 
the  10-gun  brig  Cherokee,  perceiving  seven  lugger  privateers 
lying  within  200  yards  of  the  pier-head  of  Dieppe,  resolved  to 
attack  them,  and  at  lh.  a.m.  on  the  11th,  favoured  with  a 
leading  wind,  stood  in,  and  running  between  two  of  the 
luggers,  laid  one  on  board  ;  which,  after  a  fruitless  attempt 
to  board  the  brig,  was  carried.  The  vessel  was  the  Aimable 
Nelly,  of  106  tons,  mounting  sixteen  guns,  with  a  crew  of 
sixty  men,  of  whom  two  were  killed  and  eight  wounded. 
The  remaining  luggers  kept  up  a  smart  fire  of  musketry  ; 
but  the  Cherokee  succeeded  in  carrying  off  her  prize.  Lieu- 
tenant Vere  Gabriel,  and  James  Ralph,  boatswain,  were  the 
only  sufferers  upon  this  occasion,  both  of  whom  were 
wounded  in  the  hand.  Commander  Arthur,  for  this  very 
dashing  exploit,  obtained  post  rank.  The  naval  medal  has 
been  awarded  for  the  above  gallant  performance. 

On  the  11th  of  January,  the  18-gun  brig  Scorpion,  Com- 
mander Francis  Stanfell,  was  detached  from  a  squadron  under 
Captain  Yolant  V.  Ballard,  in  the  38-gun  frigate  Blonde, 
stationed  off  Basse  Terre,  Guadaloupe,  to  bring  out  a  French 
brig  at  anchor  near  the  shore.  At  9h.  p.m.  the  Scorpion, 
while  proceeding  in  search  of  the  intended  object  of  attack, 
which  was  the  French  lG-gun  brig  Oreste,  Lieutenant  de 
vaisseau  Mousnier,  perceived  her  just  coming  out,  having 
cleared  the  north  point  of  the  bay.  All  sail  was  made  in 
chase,  and,  assisted  by  the  sweeps,  the  Scorpion,  at  llh.  p.m., 
brought  the  French  brig  to  action,  which  was  protracted 
until  lh.  30m.  a.m.  on  the  12th,  when  the  Oreste  surrendered. 
In  the  course  of  the  engagement,  the  Scorpion  had  to  sustain 
the  fire  of  a  battery  on  a  point  of  the  land,  by  which  her 
rigging  and  sails  were  much  cut.  The  Blonde's  barge 
arrived  up  just  as  the  Oreste  had  surrendered,  and  assisted 
in  taking  possession  of  the  prize.  The  Scorpion  had  four 
men  wounded,  and   the    Oreste   two    men    killed    and   ten 


1810.]  BOATS  f  OF   FREIJA   AT    BAIE    MAHAUT.  309 

wounded.  The  first  lieutenant  of  the  Scorpion  in  this 
action  was  George  Charles  Blake.  The  prize  was  added  to 
the  British  navy,  by  the  name  of  Wellington.  Commander 
Stanfell  obtained  his  post  rank  on  the  19th  of  March  follow- 
ing.    The  naval  medal  is  awarded  for  the  above  capture. 

On  the  17th  of  January,  the  36-gun  frigate  Freija,  Cap- 
tain John  Hayes,  while  cruising  off  Guadaloupe,  discovered 
a  brig  and  two  other  vessels  in  Baie  Mahaut.  At  9h.  15m.  p.ir. 
four  boats,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  David  Hope, 
assisted  by  Lieutenant  of  marines  John  Shillibeer,  Master's 
mate  A.  G.  Countess,  and  Samuel  Bray,  gunner,  pushed  off 
from  the  frigate  to  endeavour  to  cut  them  out ;  and  after 
experiencing  great  difficulty  in  finding  a  passage,  Lieutenant 
Hope  detained  a  fisherman,  from  whom  he  learnt,  that  a 
detachment  of  troops  had  arrived  at  Baie  Mahaut  on  that 
evening  from  Pointe  a  Pitre.  Undismayed  by  this  informa- 
tion, the  boats  proceeded,  and  having  arrived  within  a  short 
distance  of  the  north-east  point  of  the  harbour,  were  saluted 
by  a  fire  of  grape  from  two  batteries.  The  brig  having 
brought  her  six  guns  on  one  side  to  bear,  also  opened  on  the 
boats,  which  were  likewise  fired  at  from  men  concealed  in 
the  bushes  on  the  banks.  The  boats,  however,  pushed  for- 
wards, and  the  brig  was  boarded  ;  the  Frenchmen  escaping 
to  the  shore.  Leaving  Mr.  Bray  with  a  few  hands  on  board 
the  brig,  with  directions  to  cover  his  landing,  Lieutenant 
Hope  pushed  for  the  shore  ;  but  although  the  boats  grounded 
at  so  great  a  distance  that  the  officers  and  men  had  to  wade 
up  to  their  waists  to  get  to  the  beach,  they  persevered  and 
reached  the  first  battery,  from  which  the  enemy  retreated  as 
the  British  advanced,  posting  themselves  behind  a  brick 
breastwork,  from  whence  they  opened  a  fire  of  musketry. 
The  Frenchmen  were,  however,  quickly  dislodged  from  this 
position  by  the  bayonets  of  the  marines.  The  battery 
mounted  one  24-pounder  and  six  howitzers.  The  gun  was 
hove  over  the  cliff,  the  howitzers  buried  in  the  sand,  and  the 
battery  and  magazine  destroyed.  Lieutenant  Hope,  deter- 
mined to  finish  his  work,  then  dashed  at  and  carried  the 
second  battery,  mounting  three  24-pounders,  which  were 
spiked,  and  the  carriages  and  guard-house  destroyed.  Lieu- 
tenant Hope  with  his  party  then  returned  to  the  brig,  which 
was  by  this  time  fast  in  the  mud,  the  crew  having  cut  her 


310  SURRENDER  OF  GUADALOUPE.  [1810. 

cables  previously  to  quitting  her  ;  but,  after  great  exertions, 
she  was  got  afloat.  Near  the  brig  were  a  large  ship,  and  a 
schooner  on  the  mud,  which  were  destroyed.  Having  com- 
pleted this  task,  the  brig  was  taken  in  tow  by  the  boats,  and 
carried  off  Only  two  men  of  the  party  were  wounded. 
Owing  to  the  partial  suppression  of  the  official  letter  of 
Captain  Hayes,  Lieutenant  Hope  was  not  promoted  until 
June,  1814. 

On  the  6th  of  February,  Guadaloupe  surrendered  to  a 
British  squadron,  under  the  command  of  Vice- Admiral  the 
Honourable  Sir  Alexander  Cochrane,  and  a  body  of  troops 
under  Lieutenant-General  Sir  George  Beckwith.  The  naval 
medal  has  been  awarded  to  those  engaged  in  this  capture.1 

On  the  10th  of  February,  latitude  25°  22'  north,  longitude 
61°  27'  west,  the  10-gun  schooner  Thistle,  Lieutenant  Peter 
Procter,  brought  to  action,  at  5h.  p.m.,  the  Dutch  corvette 
Havik,  pierced  for  eighteen  guns,  but  mounting  only  ten 
(six  long  4-pounders  and  four  2-pound  swivels),  with  a 
complement  of  fifty-two  men  and  boys,  having  on  board  the 
Batavian  Bear- Admiral  Buyskes,  and  valuably  laden.  The 
engagement  continued  until  6h.  45m.,  when  the  Havik  made 

1  The  following  is  an  official  list  of  the  names  of  ships  and  captains  to 
which  the  medals  are  granted  : — Pompee,  Vice-Admiral  Hon.  Sir  A.  I. 
Cochrane,  Capt.  C.  Dilkes  ;  Abercrombie,  Capt.  W.  C.  Fahie  ■  Alfred, 
Capt.  J.  R.  Watson  ;  Alcmene,  Capt.  Hon.  W.  Maude  ;  Asp,  Com.  R. 
Preston  ;  Aurora,  Capt.  John  Duer  ;  Amaranthe,  Com.  George  Pringle  ; 
Achates,  Com.  T.  Pinto  ;  Attentive,  Lieut.  Robert  Carr  ;  Bellette, 
Com.  D.  Sloane  ;  Ballahou,  Lieut.  Geo.  Mills  ;  Bacchus,  Lieut.  D. 
Jeremy  ;  Blonde,  Capt.  V.  V.  Ballard  ;  Castor,  Capt.  (act.)  W.  Roberts  ; 
Cherub,  Com.  T.  T.  Tucker;  Cygnet,  Com.  Edw.  Dix  ;  Elizabeth, 
Lieut.  Fitch ;  Freija,  John  Hayes  ;  Fawn,  Com.  Hon.  G.  A.  Crofton  ; 
Frolic,  Com.  Thomas  Whinyates ;  Forester,  Com.  J.  E.  Watt ;  Gloire, 
Capt.  Jas.  Carthew  ;  Guadaloupe,  Com.  M.  Head  ;  Grenada,  Lieut.  S. 
Briggs  ;  Hazard,  Com.  W.  Elliott  ;  Loire,  Capt.  A.  W.  Schomberg  ; 
Laura,  Lieut.  N.  C.  Hunter  ;  Melampus,  Capt.  E.  Hawker  ;  Morne 
Fortunee,  Lieut.  F.  Wills  ;  Netley,  Lieut.  Jackson  ;  Orpheus,  Capt. 
P.  Tonyn ;  Observateur,  Com.  F.  A.  Wetherall ;  Perlen,  Capt.  N. 
Thompson  ;  Pelorus,  Com.  Thos.  Huskisson ;  Pultusk,  Com.  J. 
McGeorge  ;  Plumper,  Lieut.  W.  Frissell ;  Rosamond,  Com.  B.  Walker  ; 
Ringdove,  Com.  W.  Dowers  ;  Sceptre,  Capt.  S.  Ballard  ;  Statira,  Capt. 
(act.)  H.  Boys  ;  Scorpion,  Com.  F.  Stanfell ;  Savage,  Com.  W.  Feme ; 
Superieure,  Com.  H.  C.  Coxen  ;  Star,  Com.  D.  Paterson  ;  Snap,  Com. 
J.  P.  Stewart ;  Surinam,  Com.  A.  Hodge  ;  Subtle,  Lieut.  C.  Brown  ; 
Thetis,  Capt.  Geo.  Miller;  Vimiera,  Com.  E.  Scobell ;  Wanderer, 
Com.  William  Robilliard. 


1810.]  EAINBOW   AND    AVON   WITH    NEREIDE.  311 

all  sail  before  the  wind ;  but  at  8h.  30m.  the  Thistle  again 
got  alongside,  and,  after  some  smart  firing,  compelled  her  to 
surrender.  The  Thistle,  out  of  a  crew  of  fifty  men  and  boys, 
had  one  marine  killed,  and  her  commander  and  six  men 
wounded  ;  and  on  board  the  Havik,  one  man  was  killed,  and 
the  Dutch  admiral  and  seven  men  badly  wounded.  Lieu- 
tenant Procter  was  promoted  in  the  June  following,  and  the 
naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  9th  of  February,  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Nereide,  Captain  Lemaresquier,  unaware  of  the  surrender  of 
Guadaloupe,  arrived  off  Basse  Terre  at  night,  and  sent  a  boat 
on  shore  for  a  pilot.  At  daylight,  discovering  that  the 
island  was  in  the  possession  of  the  British,  the  frigate  made 
all  sail,  and  although  pursued  by  a  squadron  of  one  74-gun 
ship  and  four  frigates,  particularly  by  the  Blonde,  Captain 
Y.  Y.  Ballard,  effected  her  escape. 

On  the  13th  the  Nereide  was  discovered  off  Abaco  Point, 
St.  Domingo,  by  the  22tgun  ship  Rainbow,  Captain  James 
Wooldridge,  endeavouring  to  make  the  windward  passage. 
The  Bainbow  gallantly  pursued  her ;  and  on  the  morning  of 
the  14th,  when  within  about  a  mile  of  the  frigate,  the 
18-gun  brig  Avon,  Commander  Henry  T.  Frazer,  hove* in 
sight  on  the  larboard  bow,  and  joined  in  the  pursuit,  stand- 
ing across  the  Nereide.  At  lh.  15m.  p.m.,  the  Nereide 
(running  with  tlie  wind  on  her  larboard  quarter)  fired  her 
main-deck:  stern-chasers  at  the  Bainbow,  and  shortly  after- 
wards cut  away  the  stern  boat  to  be  able  to  fire  her  quarter- 
deck chase-guns.  At  3h.  30m.  the  Nereide,  having  hauled 
up  about  south-west  to  avoid  the  Avon,  was  enabled  to  fire 
her  larboard  broadside  at  the  Bainbow.  The  British  ship 
then  hauling  up,  brought  the  Nereide  to  close  action,  until 
4h.,  at  which  time  the  Avon  arrived  up,  and  poured  a  raking 
broadside  into  the  stern  of  the  enemy.  At  4h.  5m.  the 
Nereide,  having  disabled  the  masts  and  cut  away  the  greater 
part  of  the  standing  and  running  rigging  of  the  Bainbow, 
wore  round,  and  opened  fire  upon  the  Avon,  and  after  a 
running  fight  between  these  ill-matched  combatants,  which 
lasted  till  oh.  (by  which  time  the  Avon  was  in  a  worse  con- 
dition than  the  Bainbow),  the  Nereide  made  sail  to  the 
northward  and  left  her.  Owing  to  the  high  firing  of  the 
French  frigate,  the  Bainbow  had  only  ten  men  wounded. 


312  LIEUTENANT    GUIOX    IX    BASQUE    ROADS.  [1810. 

The  Avon  was  much  disabled  in  hull,  and  had  one  man 
killed  and  one  mortally  wounded  ;  and  Lieutenant  Curtis 
Reid,  one  midshipman,  and  five  men  severely  wounded. 

On  the  13th  of  February,  eight  boats  belonging  to  a 
squadron  lying  in  Basque  Roads,  consisting  of  the  80-gun 
ship  Christian  VII.,  Captain  Sir  Joseph  Sydney  Yorke,  and 
frigates  Armide  and  Seine,  Captains  Lucius  Hardyman  and 
David  Atkins,  were  despatched,  unders  the  orders  of  Lieu- 
tenant Henry  G.  Guion,  to  destroy  three  vessels  which  had 
grounded  on  the  reef  off  Point  Chatillon.  As  the  boats 
advanced,  nine  French  gun-boats,  each  armed  with  a 
12-pounder  carronade  and  six  swivels,  pulled  out  from  the 
Isle  d'Aix,  to  prevent  the  boats  from  carrying  their  project 
into  effect.  Lieutenant  Guion,  in  order  to  draw  the  enemy 
within  range,  feigned  a  retreat  ;  but  having  reached  a  suffi- 
cient distance,  altered  his  course  and  pulled  direct  for  the 
gun-boats.  They  immediately  retreated ;  but  Lieutenant 
Guion,  in  the  barge  of  the  Christian  VII.,  laid  one  of  the 
French  boats  alongside,  and  gallantly  carried  her  without 
loss.  Lieutenant  Samuel  Roberts,  of  the  Armide,  continued 
the  pursuit  of  the  remainder,  but  was  unable  to  overtake 
them  ;  he,  however,  having  driven  away  the  defenders  of  the 
chasse-marees,  boarded  and  set  fire  to  them.  Lieutenant 
Guion  was  shortly  afterwards  promoted  to  the  rank  of  com- 
mander. The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  the  officers 
and  men  in  the  boats  on  this  occasion. 

On  the  17th  of  February,  Amboyna  capitulated  to  a 
squadron,  consisting  of  the  3S-gun  frigate  Dover,  Captain 
Edward  Tucker  ;  44-gun  frigate  Cornwallis,  Captain  William 
A.  Montagu ;  and  18-gun  sloop  Samarang,  Commander 
Richard  Spencer,  in  which  was  embarked  a  party  of  the 
Madras  European  regiment.  The  proceedings  which  led  to 
this  conquest  reflect  much  honour  on  all  concerned,  and  it 
was  accomplished  with  no  greater  loss  than  two  privates  of 
the  Madras  regiment,  one  seaman,  and  one  marine  killed  ; 
and  four  soldiers  and  four  seamen  wounded.  Lieutenant 
Charles  J  efferys,  of  the  Dover,  received  a  blow  on  the  breast 
from  a  spent  grape-shot,  but  did  not  quit  his  post.  An 
armed  brigand  two  cutters  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  captors. 
This  success  led  to  the  capture  of  the  Spice  Islands  dependent 
on  Amboyna,  and  also  of  Mauado  and  its  dependencies. 


1810.]    BOATS    OF    SUCCESS    AND    ESPOIR    AT    CASTIGLIONZ.    313 

On  the  21st  of  February,  latitude  33°  10' north,  longitude 
29°  30'  west,  the  38-gun  frigate  Horatio,  Captain  George 
Scott,  fell  in  with,  and  after  a  long  chase  and  a  running 
fight  of  one  hour,  captured  the  French  frigate-built  store- 
ship  Necessity  mounting  twenty-six  guns,  with  a  crew  of 
180  men,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Bonnie. 

On  the  4th  of  April,  as  the  32-gun  frigate  Success,  Captain 
John  Ayscough,  and  18-gun  brig  Espoir,  Commander  Robert 
]\litford,  were  running  along  the  coast  of  Calabria,  three 
vessels  were  discovered  on  the  beach  near  Castiglione.  The 
boats  of  the  two  ships,  under  Lieutenants  George  Rose  Sar- 
torius  and  Robert  Oliver,  with  Masters'  mates  George  L. 
Coates  and  Richard  Pearce,  were  sent  to  destroy  them ;  but, 
having  arrived  within  musket-shot  of  the  shore,  three  of  the 
boats  struck  on  a  sunken  rock  and  swamped,  by  which  acci- 
dent two  seamen  were  drowned,  and  all  the  ammunition 
spoiled.  The  remaining  officers  and  men  swam  to  the  beach 
with  their  cutlasses  in  their  mouths,  and,  although  exposed 
to  a  smart  fire  from  two  G-pounders  and  four  wall-pieces, 
Lieutenant  Sartorius  and  his  party  gallantly  rushed  on  and 
gained  possession  of  the  battery.  Having  set  the  vessels  on  fire, 
spiked  the  guns,  and  destroyed  the  carriages,  the  three  swamped 
boats  were  recovered,  and  the  party  returned  to  their  ships- 
with  no  additional  loss,  and  only  two  marines  wounded. 

On  the  11  th  of  April,  the  10-gun  cutter  Sylvia,  Lieutenant 
Augustus  Y.  Dnuy,  cruising  in  the  Straits  of  Sunda,  en- 
gaged and  sunk  a  large  lugger-rigged  prahu,  which  mounted 
three  long  18-pounders.  On  the  26th,  while  cruising  off 
Middleburg,  on  the  coast  of  Java,  three  armed  brigs,  accom- 
panied by  two  lug-sail  vessels,  were  observed  standing  in  for 
Batavia.  The  Sylvia  chased  and  brought  the  sternmost  brig- 
to  action,  which,  after  a  contest  of  twenty  minutes'  duration, 
she  captured.  The  prize  was  the  Dutch  national  brig  Echo, 
of  eight  6-pounders  and  forty-six  men.  The  Sylvia,  out  of  her 
small  crew  of  forty-four  men  and  boys,  had  four  killed  and  three 
wounded  ;  the  Dutch  brig,  three  killed  and  seven  wounded. 
The  other  brigs,  fortunately  for  the  Sylvia,  did  not  offer  to 
support  their  consort,  but  made  all  sail  away,  leaving  two  ■ 
lugger-rigged  transports,  each  mounting  two  long  9-pounders 
and  defended  by  60  men,  laden  with  artillery  stores,  to 
become  the  prizes  of  the  Sylvia.     Lieutenant  Dnuy  received 


314  CAPTURE   OF   SANTA   MAURA.  [1810. 

promotion.     The  medal  has  been  granted  for  the  capture  of 
the  Echo. 

On  the  12th  of  April,  the  32-gun  frigate  Unicom,  Captain 
Alexander  Robert  Kerr,  being  off  the  Isle  of  Rhe,  captured 
the  late  British  22-gun  ship  Laurel,  then  named  the  Espe- 
rance,  armed  enjlide,  from  the  Isle  of  France,  with  a  valuable 
cargo  of  colonial  produce.  The  Laurel  was  restored  to  the 
navy  under  the  name  of  Laurestinas. 

On  the  1 6th  of  April,  the  fortress  and  island  of  Santa 
Maura  surrendered  to  a  British  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
74-gun  ships  Magnificent  and  Montagu,  Captains  George 
Eyre  and  Richard  H.  Moubray  ;  frigates  Belle-Poule  and 
Leonidas,  Captains  James  Brisbane  and  Anselm  John  Grif- 
fiths )  and  16-gun  brig  Imogene,  Commander  Wm.  Stephens, 
together  with  a  body  of  troops  under  Brigadier-General 
Oswald.  Captain  Eyre  received  a  severe  wound  in  the 
head,  and  Captain  Stephens  in  the  foot,  in  storming  one  of 
the  forts ;  and  in  the  whole  the  loss  amounted  to  sixteen 
officers  and  men  killed,  eighty-six  wounded,  and  seventeen 
missing  of  the  army ;  and  of  the  navy,  two  seamen  and 
six  marines  killed  ;  and  Captains  Eyre  and  Stephens,  Lieu- 
tenant Vernon  Lanphier,  Captain  of  marines  William  H. 
Snowe,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Arthur  Morrison,  six  seamen, 
and  twenty-seven  marines  wounded.  Total  :  twenty-four 
killed,  127  wounded,  and  seventeen  missing.  The  French  gar- 
rison at  the  capitulation  numbered  714  officers  and  men. 

On  the  24th  of  April,  the  boats  of  the  10-gun  cutter 
Surly,  and  gun-brig  Firm,  Lieutenants  Richard  Welch  and 
John  Little,  boarded  and  brought  off  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Piron  the  French  privateer  Alcide.  The  privateer  had  been 
chased  ashore,  and  was  protected  by  the  fire  of  400  troops. 
The  service  was  creditably  performed  by  Sub-Lieutenant 
Joseph  Hodgkin,  of  the  Firm,  who  was  promoted  in  conse- 
quence. The  Firm  had  the  second  master  killed  and  one  man 
wounded.     The  naval  medal  is  granted  for  this  action. 

Towards  the  end  of  April,  Captain  Nesbit  J.  Willoughby 
(acting),  in  the  36-gun  frigate  Nereide,  arrived  off  the  Isle 
of  France,  from  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  where  he  fell  in 
with  a  squadron  under  Captain  Henry  Lambert,  which  had 
been  also  sent  from  the  cape  to  cruise  off  the  Mauritius,  and 
endeavour  to  capture   or  destroy  the  enemy's   possessions. 


Aj}J 


1810.]        BOATS  OF  NEREIDE  AT  JACOTEL.  315 

Captain  Willoughby  was  immediately  despatched  by  Captain 
Lambert  to  cruise  off  the  south-east  coast  ;  and,  arriving  off 
the  river  Noire,  observed  a  large  ship  at  anchor  between 
two  forts,  which  the  Nereide  opened  fire  upon.  This  was 
the  French  40-gun  frigate  Astree,  the  captain  of  which, 
having  learnt  that  a  British  squadron  was  cruising  off  the 
island,  had  put  in  there  for  shelter. 

On  the  30th  of  April,  still  examining  this  part  of  the 
coast,  Captain  Willoughby  observed  a  large  merchant  ship  at 
the  anchorage  of  Jacotel,  lying  within  pistol-shot  of  two 
batteries  commanding  the  entrance  to  the  harbour.  Captain 
Willoughby  determined  to  attempt  to  cut  this  ship  out,  and 
with  this  object  the  boats,  commanded  by  the  captain  in 
person,  manned  with  fifty  seamen  and  the  same  number  of 
marines,  quitted  the  ship  at  midnight.  In  the  boats  were 
Lieutenants  John  Burns,  Thomas  L.  P.  Laugharne,  and 
Henry  C.  Deacon,  and  Lieutenants  of  marines  Thomas  S. 
Cox  and  Thomas  H.  W.  Debrisay.  The  party  was  accom- 
panied by  an  excellent  pilot,  a  black  inhabitant  of  the 
island.  Having  with  difficulty  entered  the  intricate 
passage  to  the  anchorage,  and  reached  the  only  accessible 
landing-place  (although  even  there  the  surf  was  half-filling 
the  boats),  the  French  national  4-gun  schooner  Estafette, 
lying  at  anchor  close  under  the  batteries,  gave  the  alarm. 
Both  batteries  and  two  field-pieces  immediately  directed 
their  fire  towards  the  spot,  and  on  landing,  the  party  also 
became  exposed  to  a  smart  fire  of  musketry.  In  ten 
minutes,  however,  from  this  time,  the  nearest  battery, 
mounting  two  long  12-pounders,  was  carried  by  assault ; 
and,  having  spiked  the  guns,  Captain  Willoughby  and  his 
gallant  followers  pushed  on  for  a  guard-house  in  the  rear, 
which  was  protected  by  two  field-pieces,  about  seventy  soldiers, 
and  a  large  party  of  militia.  This  party,  while  the  British 
were  capturing  and  spiking  the  guns  of"  the  battery,  had 
attacked  the  men  left  in  charge  of  the  boats,  and  had  driven 
them  into  the  harbour,  but  now  opened  fire  upon  the  main 
body.  The  signal  was  given  for  the  seamen  and  marines  to 
charge,  and  the  enemy  fled  before  them  in  all  directions, 
leaving  the  field-pieces  and  then  commanding  officer,  Lieu- 
tenant Rockman  (who  was  in  the  act  of  spiking  the  field- 
pieces),  to  be  taken  possession  of  by  the  assailants. 


316  BOATS    OF   NEKEIDE   AT   JACOTEL.  [1810. 

"  Hitherto,"  says  Captain  Willoughby,  in  his  official  letter, 
'•  twilight  had  concealed  from  view  the  force  of  the  British, 
but  full  day  now  showed  the  Nereides  small  band  of  volun- 
teers to  the  enemy,  whose  strongest  battery  was  still  unsub- 
dued, and  to  gain  which  it  was  necessary  to  cross  the  river 
Le  Galet."  The  pass  was  defended  by  the  commandant  of 
the  Savannah  district,  with  a  strong  body  of  militia  and  two 
long  12-pounders,  withdrawn  from  the  battery  on  the  right. 
In  consequence  of  heavy  rains,  the  river  had  so  much  swollen, 
and  the  stream  become  so  rapid,  that  the  tallest  of  the  party 
could  scarcely  wade  across ;  but  this  difficulty  was  surmounted 
by  those  who  could  swim,  and  the  remainder  were  assisted 
across  by  their  taller  companions.  The  party,  but  with  the 
loss  of  the  greatest  part  of  their  ammunition,  at  length 
reached  the  opposite  bank,  and  having  landed,  the  gallant 
fellows  giving  three  cheers,  charged  the  enemy  at  the  point 
of  the  bayonet,  and  the  hill  and  the  guns,  as  well  as  the  bat- 
tery, with  the  colours,  were  quickly  in  their  possession.  The 
commandant,  Colonel  Colgard,  remained  a  prisoner ;  but  the 
militiamen  fled  with  astonishing  speed.  Captain  Willoughby 
adds,  in  reference  to  this  success,  "  Nor  do  I  think  an  officer 
or  man  of  the  party  except  myself  had  an  anxious  thought 
for  the  result  of  this  unequal  affair." 

Having  spiked  the  guns  and  a  mortar,  burnt  and  destroyed 
their  carriages,  as  well  as  the  works  and  magazine,  and  a 
quantity  of  naval  and  military  stores,  Captain  Willoughby 
was  upon  the  point  of  returning  to  his  ship,  when  the  party 
which  had  been  driven  from  the  first  battery  rallied,  and, 
reinforced  by  a  strong  body  of  the  militia  and  bourgeois  in- 
habitants, made  a  vigorous  show  of  resistance  ;  but  Captain 
Willoughby  having  made  a  movement  indicative  of  a  design 
to  cut  off  their  retreat,  the  French  militia,  regulars  and  all, 
again  fled,  and  the  British  repassed  the  Galet,  and  returned 
to  their  boats.  After  destroying  the  signal-station  and  a 
flagstaff  one  mile  inshore,  Captain  Willoughby  re-embarked, 
bringing  away  the  French  schooner  (which  the  midshipman 
and  party  left  in  charge  of  the  boats  had  boarded)  and  two 
field-pieces,  with  which  he  joined  the  Nereide  in  the  offing. 
This  gallant  service  was  performed  with  the  loss  of  one 
marine  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Deacon,  four  seamen,  and  two 
marines  wounded;  although  the  force  to  which  they  had 


1810.]  ACCIDENT   TO    CAPTAIN   WILLOUGHBY.  317 

been  opposed  could  not  have  been  less  than  600  troops.  The 
ship  in  the  harbour  was  an  American,  and  although  by  right 
forfeited  for  having  broken  the  blockade,  was  not  molested. 

On  the  Nereide's  joining  the  squadron  off  Port  Louis, 
Captain  Lambert  sent  in  a  flag  of  truce,  when  Colonel  Col- 
gard,  the  commander  of  the  Estafette,  and  other  officers  and 
men,  made  prisoners  on  the  occasion,  were  exchanged  for 
thirty-nine  British.1 

On  the  1st  of  May,  while  the  38-gun  frigate  Spartan, 
Captain  Jahleel  Brenton,  in  company  with  the  Success,  was 
cruising  off  the  island  of  Ischia,  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Ceres,  28-gun  ship  Fama,  8-gun  brig  Sparviere,  and  cutter 
Achille,  were  discovered  and  chased  close  into  the  Mole  of 
Naples.  Captain  Brenton,  feeling  satisfied  that  the  French 
commodore  would  not  again  put  to  sea  while  there  were  two 
frigates  before  Naples,  despatched  Captain  Ayscough,  in  the 
Success,  to  cruise  off  Capri,  after  which  the  Spartan  stood  in 
towards  Naples.  Prince  Murat  had,  however,  previously 
determined  that  an  attack  should  be  made  upon  the  two 
British  frigates,  on  their  reappearing  off  the  port ;  and  had 
ordered  400  Swiss  troops  to  embark  on  board  the  frigate  and 
corvette,  and  appointed  seven  large  gun-boats  to  accompany 
the  scpiadron. 

On  the  3rd,  at  5h.  a.m.,  as  the  Spartan  was  standing  in  for 
Naples,  on  the  starboard  tack,  with  a  light  air  from  south- 
east, and  about  midway  between  Cape  Misano  and  the  island 
of  Capri,  the  French  squadron  was  discovered  right  ahead, 
distant  six  miles,  and  standing  off  shore  on  the  larboard  tack. 

1  On  the  15th  of  June,  while  the  Boadicea  and  Nereide  were  watering 
on  Isle  Platte,  a  serious  accident  happened  to  Captain  Willoughby,  who, 
while  in  the  act  of  exercising  a  party  at  small-arms,  was  dreadfully 
wounded  by  the  bm\sting  of  his  musket.  The  explosion  inflicted  a  dan- 
gerous, and  what  was  at  first  thought  to  be  a  mortal  wound.  His  lower 
jaw  on  the  right  side  was  badly  fractured,  and  his  neek  so  lacerated  that 
the  windpipe  was  laid  bare.  For  three  weeks  the  captain  was  unable  to 
speak  ;  but  by  the  skilful  exertions  of  Mr.  George  Peter  Martyn,  the 
surgeon,  aided  by  a  good  habit  of  body,  after  some  time,  the  wound 
healed,  but  not  until  a  painful  exfoliation  of  the  jaw-bone  had  taken 
place.  This  gallant  officer,  when  a  lieutenant  of  the  Eoyal  George,  was> 
seriously  injured  on  the  isle  of  Prota,  at  the  Dardanelles,  where  he  re- 
ceived two  pistol  or  musket  balls,  one  of  which  entered  his  left  jaw,  while 
another,  passing  up  his  left  nostril,  lodged  in  some  part  of  his  head,  from 
whence  it  was  never  extracted. 


318  SPARTAN   WITH    CERES   AND    CONSORTS.  [1810- 

The  enemy's  force  consisted  of  the  18-pounder  frigate  Ceres, 
mounting  forty-two  guns,  with  a  crew  of  350  men ;  Fama, 
twenty-eight  guns,  8  and  12-pounders,  and  200  men; 
brig  Sparviere,  eight  guns  and  ninety-eight  men  ;  cutter 
Achille,  ten  guns  and  eighty  men  ;  and  seven  gun-boats,  each 
mounting  one  long  18-pounder,  with  crews  averaging  forty- 
men  ;  making,  with  the  400  Swiss  troops,  a  total  of  about 
1,400  men  and  ninety-five  guns,  to  which  the  Spartan  could 
only  oppose  the  forty-six  guns  of  her  class,  and  258  men  and 
boys.  At  7h.  the  Ceres  hauled  up,  as  if  desirous  to  cross  the 
bows  of  the  British  frigate ;  but  the  Spartan,  by  hauling  close 
to  the  wind  and  making  sail,  frustrated  this  design.  The 
French  commodore  then  continued  to  stand  on  with  the 
wind  abeam,  and  the  Spartan,  hauling  up  her  courses,  edged 
away  towards  the  enemy.  At  8h.  (the  wind  light,  and  the 
ships  going  about  three  miles  an  hour),  having  arrived  within 
pistol-shot  of  the  larboard  bow  of  the  Spartan,  the  Ceres 
opened  a  fire  from  her  larboard  guns,  which  was  not  returned 
until  the  Spartan  was  directly  abreast  her  enemy,  when  a 
trebly-shotted  broadside  was  poured  in.  Passing  on,  the 
British  frigate  engaged  the  Fama  and  Sparviere  in  succession, 
but  the  cutter  and  gun-boats  had  tacked  to  the  eastward. 
This  is  shown  in  the  annexed  diagram. 


*7. 

rf  on  Bts. 


\ 


dp- ■-■■  ez7>- 


1810.]  SPARTAN   WITH    CERES   AND    CONSORTS.  319 

As  the  Spartan  hove  in  stays,  she  fired  her  larboard  broad- 
side at  the  gun- boats,  and,  as  she  came  round,  opened  her 
starboard  broadside  on  the  Sparviere  and  ships  ahead  of  her. 
The  Ceres,  instead  of  supporting  the  gun-boats,  wore  round 
and  stood  inshore  towards  the  batteries  of  Baia,  followed  by 
the  Fama  and  brig,  and  the  Spartan  bore  up  after  them ;  but 
a  few  minutes  before  9h.  the  breeze  died  away,  leaving  the 
British  frigate  with  her  head  exposed  to  the  starboard  broad- 
side of  the  Ceres,  the  corvette  and  brig  on  her  larboard  bow, 
and  the  cutter  and  gun-boats  sweeping  up  astern.  A  heavy 
cross  fire  was  then  opened  upon  the  Spartan,  and  shortly 
afterwards  Captain  Brenton,  while  standing  on  the  capstan, 
received  a  most  severe  wound  from  a  grape-shot,  which  em- 
bedded itself  in  his  hip,  notwithstanding  which  he  jumped  from 
the  capstan-head  on  which  he  was  standing.  Being  carried 
below,  the  command  of  the  Spartan  devolved  upon  Lieutenant 
George  Wickens  Willes.  After  a  while  a  light  breeze  en- 
abled the  Spartan  to  bring  her  broadside  to  bear  on  the  star- 
board quarter  of  the  Ceres  and  bow  of  the  Fama,  the  brig 
and  gun-boats  being  nearly  astern.  From  the  disabled  state 
of  the  Spartan's  sails,  however,  the  Ceres  and  Fama  could  not 
be  prevented  from  getting  within  reach  of  the  batteries  of 
Baia,  when  the  Spartan  wore  round  with  her  head  off  shore, 
raking  the  frigate  and  Fama  in  the  meanwhile  with  her  star- 
board guns,  by  which  the  fore-topmast  of  the  latter  was  shot 
away.  Closing  with  the  Sparviere,  the  Spartan,  at  10h., 
compelled  her  to  surrender,  with  the  loss  of  niaiii-topmast. 
At  about  the  same  time  the  gun-boats  came  down  and  took 
the  Fama  in  tow. 

The  Spartan,  having  an  officer  and  eighteen  men  absent  in 
a  prize,  commenced  the  action  with  only  258  men  and  boys, 
of  which  one  master's  mate  (William  Bobson),  six  seamen, 
and  three  marines  were  killed,  and  Captain  Brenton  (se- 
verely), Lieutenant  Willes,  fifteen  seamen,  and  five  marines 
wounded.  The  ship  was  much  cut  up  in  spars,  sails,  and 
rigging.  The  French  acknowledged  to  a  loss  (exclusive  of 
the  Sparviere's)  of  thirty  killed  and  ninety  wounded  ;  among 
the  former  was  the  second  captain  of  the  Ceres.  The  cap- 
tured brig  was  supposed  to  have  had  eleven  men  killed. 

Captain  Brenton  mentioned  Lieutenant  Willes  in  the 
highest  terms,  and  also  Lieutenants  William  A.  Baumo-ardt 


320  BOATS   OF   ARMIDE   AXD    MONKEY,    ETC.  [1810. 

and  Henry  Browne.  To  the  master,  Henry  G.  Slenner, 
Lieutenants  of  marines  Charles  Fegan  and  Christopher  Fot- 
trell,  and  the  purser,  James  Dunn  (who  took  charge  of  a 
division  of  guns),  he  expressed  his  great  obligations ;  and  also 
to  Captain  George  Hoste,  of  the  engineers,  a  passenger  on 
board  the  frigate,  who  attended  to  the  quarter-deck  guns. 
Taking  her  prize  in  tow,  the  Spartan,  after  repairing  her 
principal  damages,  stood  across  the  Bay  of  Naples,  within  three 
or  four  miles  from  the  mole,  to  the  indescribable  mortification 
and  chagrin  of  Prince  Murat,  king  of  Naples.  The  gallantry 
and  skill  of  Captain  Brenton  deserve  the  warmest  commen- 
dation. That  he  should  single-handed  have  sought  a  force 
so  much  superior — that  he  should  have  engaged  and  beaten 
them  in  the  sight  of  their  own  harbour,  and  during  weather 
particularly  favourable  to  the  co-operation  of  gun-vessels 
(whose  destructive  powers  have  been  on  many  occasions 
shown),  and  that  he  should  have  crowned  his  triumph  by 
capturing  one  of  their  number,  is  indeed  astonishing ;  but  it 
is  only  another  proof  of  how  much  well-disciplined  men,  led 
on  by  a  talented  and  courageous  commander,  can  effect ;  and 
which,  to  the  undisciplined  and  ignorant,  would  be  considered, 
as  indeed  it  would  be,  matter  of  impossibility.  The  Patriotic 
Fund  presented  Captain  Brenton  with  an  elegant  sword, 
value  100  guineas  ;  and  the  naval  medal  has  recently  been 
awarded  to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  3rd  of  May,  the  38-gun  frigate  Armide,  Captain 
Lucius  Hardyman,  in  company  with  the  18-gun  brig  Cad- 
mus, Commander  Thomas  Fife,  and  gun-brigs  Monkey  and 
Daring,  Lieutenants  Thomas  Fitzgerald  and  George  Hayes, 
anchored  in  the  Pertius  Breton,  off  the  harbour  of  Fosse  de 
l'Oye,  in  the  Isle  of  Rhe,  in  which  several  sail  of  merchant 
vessels  were  lying.  About  lOh.  p.m.  eight  boats,  under  the 
orders  of  Lieutenant  Samuel  Roberts,  repaired  alongside  the 
Monkey,  and  about  midnight  proceeded  towards  the  harbour. 
In  consequence  of  the  boats  grounding  on  a  shoal  at  the 
entrance,  the  alarm  was  given,  and  a  fire  immediately  opened 
from  both  sides  of  the  shore,  and  of  musketry  from  the  ves- 
sels. The  boats  then  dashed  on,  and  seventeen  vessels  were 
taken  possession  of;  but  it  was  found  impracticable  to  bring 
■them    out,   and  at   daylight  they  returned  to  their  ships. 


1810.]  BOAT  ATTACK  AT  GKAO.  321 

Lieutenant  P.  S.  Townley,  a  gallant  and  very  promising 
officer,  and  two  seamen,  were  killed,  and  three  men  wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  May,  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate 
Tribune,  Caj^tain  George  Reynolds,  cruising  off  the  Naze  of 
Norway,  was  attacked  by  four  Danish  brigs,  mounting  from 
eighteen  to  twenty  guns  each,  and  by  several  gun-boats.  At 
4h.  p.m.  the  Tribune,  distant  from  the  flotilla  about  half  a 
mile,  discharged  her  broadside,  and  a  smart  engagement  took 
place,  which  lasted  until  6h.  45m.,  when  the  brig  bearing 
the  commodore's  broad  pendant  being  very  much  shattered 
in  her  hull,  ceased  firing,  and  made  all  sail  for  the  port  of 
Mandal,  followed  by  her  consorts.  The  Tribune  suffered 
rather  severely  from  the  fire  of  her  numerous  and  powerful 
foes ;  and,  besides  being  much  disabled,  had  four  seamen, 
four  marines,  and  one  boy  killed,  and  fifteen  seamen  and 
marines  wounded. 

On  the  29th  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  Amphion  and  Cer- 
berus, in  which  were  Lieutenants  William  Slaughter,  Donat 
H.  O'Brien,  and  James  Dickinson  ;  Lieutenants  of  marines 
Thomas  Moore  and  Jeremiah  Brattle ;  Midshipmen  Charles 
H.  Ross,  Joseph  Gape,  Thomas  E.  Hoste,  Charles  Bruce,  and 
Cornwallis  Pasley,  John  Miller,  George  Farrender,  Joseph 
Stoney,  George  Fowler,  William  Sherwood,  Charley  Mackey, 
and  Lewis  Rollier,  landed  near  the  town  of  Grao,  in  the 
Gulf  of  Tiieste.  They  were  attacked  on  landing  by  a  body 
of  French  troops,  of  whom  a  serjeant  and  thirty-eight  pri- 
vates were  made  prisoners.  The  party  then  entered  the  har- 
bour, and  took  possession  of  twenty-five  vessels.  An  officer 
of  French  infantry  and  twenty-two  men  were  here  attacked 
and  made  prisoners  by  a  division  of  seamen  and  marines, 
under  Lieutenants  Slaughter,  Moore,  and  James  Mears 
(which  latter  had  just  landed  from  the  Active  frigate).  Five 
vessels,  after  great  exertions,  were  brought  off,  and  eleven 
burnt.  The  loss  in  this  gallant  affair  amounted  to  four 
marines  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Brattle,  three  seamen,  and 
four  marines  wounded.  The  French  had  ten  killed  and  eight 
wounded.  Lieutenant  Slaughter  was  promoted  on  the  21st 
of  November  following.     This  is  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  3rd  of  July,  the  three  outward-bound  East-India 
Company's  ships  Ceylon,   Windham,   and    Astell,    Captains 

VOL.  II.  y 


322  CAPTURE  OF  BOURBON.  [1810. 

Henry  Meriton,  John  Stewart,  and  Robert  Hay,  having  on 
board  250  troops,  when  near  the  island  of  Mayotta,  were 
attacked,  and,  after  a  very  gallant  defence,  the  two  first  cap- 
tured, by  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Bellone  and  Minerve, 
and  18-gun  corvette  Victor.  The  Windham  had  six  men 
killed  and  eighteen  wounded,  and  nine  of  her  guns  disabled  ; 
the  Ceylon,  six  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded ;  and  the 
Astell,  which  escaped,  eight  killed  and  thirty-seven  wounded. 
The  French  loss  amounted  to  twenty-two  killed  and  thirty- 
eight  wounded.  The  French  squadron  and  prizes  arrived  off 
Grand  Port,  Isle  of  France,  on  the  20th  of  August. 

In  the  month  of  May,  the  38-gun  frigate  Boadicea,  Cap- 
tain Josias  Rowley,  arrived  off  the  Isle  of  France,  together 
with  the  36-gun  frigate  Sirius,  Captain  Samuel  Pym.  The 
British  squadron  then  cruising  off  Port  Louis,  besides  the 
two  ships  just  named,  were  the  36-gun  frigates  Iphigenia, 
Magicienne,  and  Nereide,  Captains  Henry  Lambert,  Lucius 
Curtis,  Nesbit  J.  Willoughby  (acting),  and  18-gun  sloop 
Otter,  Commander  James  Tomkinson.  Commodore  Rowley, 
in  conjunction  with  Lieutenant-Colonel  Keating  having 
determined  on  making  a  descent  upon  the  Isle  of  Bourbon, 
embarked  from  Rodriguez  (where  a  temporary  barrack  had 
been  erected  for  them)  3,650  European  and  native  troops, 
with  which  the  squadron  arrived  on  the  7th  of  July.  Under 
the  able  superintendence  of  Lieutenant  John  Wyatt  Wat- 
ling,  of  the  Sirius,  a  division  of  the  troops  landed  without 
loss  or  injury,  at  Grande-Chaloupe  ;  but  Captain  Willoughby 
(who,  although  with  the  dressing  still  upon  his  wounds,  per- 
sisted in  exposing  himself  to  the  night  air),  in  effecting  a 
landing  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  island,  where  it  was  more 
difficult,  had  the  schooner  Estafette  knocked  to  pieces,  and 
two  seamen  and  two  soldiers  drowned.  Owing  to  the  bad- 
ness of  the  weather,  some  little  delay  occurred  in  landing  the 
remainder  of  the  troops ;  but  that  done,  the  island  capitu- 
lated on  the  8th  of  July.  The  naval  loss  attending  this  con- 
quest was  two  seamen  drowned,  and  one  wounded  ;  which, 
with  the  loss  sustained  by  the  troops,  made  a  total  of  twenty- 
two  killed  and  drowned,  and  seventy-nine  Avounded. 

During  the  operations  on  shore,  Captain  Pym  was  di- 
rected to  take  possession  of  the  shipping  in  St.  Paul's  Bay, 
and  observing    a  brig  preparing  to    get   underway.    Lieu- 


1810.]  CAPTURE  OF  BANDA-NEIRA.  323 

tenant  George  It.  Norman  was  despatched  in  the  Sinus's 
barge,  at  llh.  p.m.  on  the  9th,  to  cut  her  off.  Finding  on 
arriving  in  the  bay,  that  the  brig  had  sailed  some  hours 
previously,  Lieutenant  Norman  pursued,  and,  after  a  hard  pull 
of  twelve  hours,  overtook  and  captured  her.  Three  of  his 
boat's  crew  were  wounded.  The  prize  proved  to  be  the 
Edward  privateer  brig  of  245  tons,  pierced  for  sixteen,  but 
having  only  four  12-pounders  mounted,  and  a  crew  of  thirty 
men.  After  the  surrender  of  Bourbon,  the  Sirius  returned 
to  the  Isle  of  France,  where  Lieutenant  Norman,  with  two 
boats  under  his  orders,  succeeded  in  destroying  a  large  three- 
masted  schooner  hauled  up  on  the  shore,  although  opposed 
by  about  300  regulars  and  militia,  and  two  field-pieces. 

A  squadron,  consisting  of  the  frigates  Caroline  and  Pie- 
montaise,  Captains  Christopher  Cole  and  Charles  Foote,  and 
18-gun  brig  Barracouta,  Commander  Richard  Kenah  (acting), 
accompanied  by  the  transport  brig  Mandarin,  Lieutenant 
Archibald  Buchanan,  was  despatched  by  Vice-Admiral  Drury, 
with  100  soldiers  of  the  Madras  European  regiment,  and 
provisions  and  stores,  to  be  landed  at  Amboyna.  This 
squadron  sailed  on  the  10th  of  May  from  Madras.  Captain 
Cole,  previously  to  quitting,  had  obtained  the  commander-in- 
chief's  permission  to  attack  the  enemy's  settlements  in  his 
route  to  Amboyna ;  but  the  permission  was  qualified  with  a 
friendly  caution  not  to  attempt  too  much,  and  the  great 
strength  of  the  island  of  Banda  was  specially  pointed  out, 
The  squadron  arrived  at  Pulo-Penang  on  the  30th  of  May, 
and  having  obtained  some  imperfect  information  relative  to 
the  force  and  description  of  Banda-Neira,  the  Dutch  seat  of 
government,  and  being  supplied  with  twenty  artillerymen, 
and  as  many  scaling-ladders,  Captain  Cole  determined  to 
enter  the  Java  Sea,  and  make  an  attack  upon  that  settle- 
ment, notwithstanding  the  south-east  monsoon  had  set  in. 

Anxious  to  gain  the  place  of  his  intended  operations 
before  it  was  possible  for  the  neighbouring  Islands  to  throw 
additional  strength  into  the  garrison  (which  was  then  known 
to  consist  of  upwards  of  700  regular  troops),  Captain  Cole 
determined  on  taking  the  squadron  through  the  dangerous 
passage  between  Borneo  and  Malwalli.  The  passage  was 
full  of  coral  reefs,  but  by  keeping  a  good  look-out,  the  ships 
avoided  them  all. 

y2 


324  CAPTURE   OF   BANDA   NEIRA.  [1810. 

On  the  8th  of  July,  in  the  morning,  the  squadron 
made  the  Banda  Islands,  and  having  by  dark  arrived 
close  in  with  Neira  (or  Banda-Neira),  two  shots  were 
fired  at  the  ships,  thereby  furnishing  proof  that  the  British 
visit  was  not  wholly  unexpected.  Under  these  circum- 
stances, Captain  Cole,  aware  of  the  inutility  of  an  attempt  to 
reduce  an  island  of  such  great  strength,  decided,  as  the  only 
probable  course  for  success,  to  effect  a  landing  with  the  boats 
the  same  night.  To  this  he  was  the  farther  induced  by  a 
sudden  change  of  the  weather  from  calm  to  tempestuous, 
which  favoured  his  design  for  a  surprise.  At  Uh.  p.m.,  the 
ships  having  dropped  within  two  cables'  lengths  of  the  shore, 
the  boats,  commanded  by  Captain  Cole  in  person — containing 
390  men,  officers  included — quitted  the  Caroline,  and  pulled 
in  the  direction  of  the  east  point  of  Great  Banda  or  Lantor. 
The  stormy  state  of  the  weather  and  extreme  darkness  of 
the  night  unavoidably  led  to  the  separation  of  the  boats, 
and  by  3h.  a.m.  of  the  9th,  Captains  Cole  and  Kenah  in  their 
gigs,  were  the  only  boats  at  the  appointed  rendezvous. 
Having  after  some  delay  effected  a  junction  with  a  portion 
of  the  boats,  Captain  Cole,  desirous  to  land  before  daylight 
should  reveal  his  intentions  and  force  to  the  enemy,  and 
receiving  the  strongest  assurances  of  support  from  the  men 
then  with  him,  gave  directions  for  the  party  to  advance. 

Banda-Neira  is  about  two  miles  in  length,  and  about  half 
a  mile  in  breadth.  It  was  protected  by  ten  sea-batteries, 
and  two  powerful  castles,  named  Belgica  and  Nassau,  which 
commanded  one  another,  as  well  as  all  the  sea-batteries. 
Castle  Belgica  mounted  fifty-two  pieces  of  heavy  ordnance, 
and  was  deemed  by  the  Dutch  to  be  impregnable.  In  the 
whole,  138  guns  were  mounted  on  the  island. 

Captain  Cole's  force  consisted  of  1-10  seamen  and  marines, 
and  about  forty  soldiers,  and  the  officers  were  the  following  : 
Commander  Kenah,  Lieutenants  Thomas  Carew,  Samuel 
Allen,  George  Pratt,  Robert  Walker,  and  Edmund  Lyons, 
of  the  navy  ;  and  Captain  G.  L.  Nixon,  Lieutenants  Charles 
W.  Yates,  Philip  Brown,  William  J.  Decker,  and  Ensign 
Charles  Allen,  of  the  Madras  regiment.  Veiled  by  a  black 
cloud  accompanied  by  wind  and  rain,  the  boats  had  reached 
within  100  yards  of  the  shore,  when  they  grounded  on  a 
coral    reef    immediately   under    one    of   the    sea-batteries, 


1810.]  STORMING   OF    FORT    BELGICA.  325 

mounting  ten  long  18-pounders  ]  but  the  violence  of  the 
squall  was  such,  that  the  boats  were  unobserved.  The  sea- 
men, leaping  overboard,  succeeded  after  a  time  in  launching 
the  boat  over  the  reef,  and  a  few  minutes  afterwards  reached 
a  small  sandy  cove,  bordered  with  jungle.  Having  formed 
on  the  shore,  Captain  Kenah  and  Lieutenant  Carew,  at  the 
head  of  a  party  of  pikemen,  advanced  to  attack  the  battery 
in  the  rear,  and  so  promptly  did  they  perform  this  service, 
that  a  sentinel  was  killed  by  a  pike,  and  sixty  officers  and 
men  made  prisoners,  without  firing  a  shot,  although  the  men 
were  stationed  with  lighted  matches  at  their  guns.  Captain 
Cole  then  determined  to  make  an  attack  upon  Castle  Belgica, 
and  recalling  Captain  Kenah,  who  was  advancing  upon  the 
next  sea -battery,  and  leaving  a  guard  at  the  captured 
battery,  they  pushed  forward  on  this  desperate  enterprise. 
Guided  by  one  of  the  natives,  the  British  proceeded  through 
a  naiTow  winding  path,  and  although  the  bugle  was  now 
sounding  to  alarm  the  garrison,  yet,  favoured  by  the  storm 
raging  overhead,  reached  within  100  yards  of  the  citadel 
before  they  were  discovered.  An  ineffectual  fire  of  musketry 
was  immediately  opened  ;  but  rushing  up  the  steep  on  which 
the  castle  was  situated,  and  by  the  aid  of  their  scaling-ladders, 
the  assailants  were  quickly  in  possession  of  the  lower  works. 
The  ladders  were  then  hauled  up,  and  placed  against  the 
inner  wall,  but  were  found  too  short ;  and  the  besieged, 
inspired  with  courage  at  this  circumstance,  discharged  three 
guns,  and  fired  several  volleys  of  musketry.  Just  at  this 
moment,  however,  the  gate  was  oj:>ened  by  the  Dutch  guard 
to  admit  the  colonel  commandant  and  three  other  officers, 
residing  outside  the  castle  ;  and  the  British,  making  a  rush 
at  it,  succeeded  in  effecting  an  entrance.  The  commandant 
(Colonel  Daring)  and  ten  soldiers  of  the  garrison  fell  before 
the  besiegers,  and  the  British  colours  were  displayed  upon 
the  flag-staff  of  Fort  Belgica.  A  part  of  the  garrison 
escaped  over  the  walls,  and  the  remainder,  amounting  to 
four  officers  and  forty  artillerymen,  surrendered  themselves 
prisoners. 

Daylight  had  now  fully  broken,  but  no  reinforcement 
appeared,  the  ships  having  been  buffeted  about  by  the  vari- 
able and  boisterous  winds,  by  which  they  were  prevented 
from  co-operating  with  the  shore  party ;    but  having  dis- 


326  CAPTURE  OF  BANDA  NEIRA.  [1810. 

covered  the  small  union  jack  on  Fort  Belgica,  the  Caroline 
and  consorts  stood  in,  and  at  a  little  before  8h.  am.  anchored 
off  the  town.  Previously  to  this,  however,  Captain  Cole  had 
sent  out  a  flag  of  truce,  threatening  to  open  fire  upon  the 
town  and  Fort  Nassau,  unless  all  hostility  instantly  ceased, 
when  the  Dutch  flag,  which  had  been  hoisted,  was  hauled 
down,  and  in  the  course  of  the  day,  his  terms  being  fully 
complied  with,  1,500  regulars  and  militia  laid  down  their 
arms  on  the  glacis  of  Fort  Nassau.  The  boats  which  had 
separated  from  Captain  Cole,  after  enduring  great  hardships, 
got  alongside  the  Mandarin. 

For  the  important  conquest  he  had  achieved,  and  that 
without  losing  a  man,  Captain  Cole  received  the  thanks  of 
the  Admiralty,  commander-in-chief,  and  governor-general 
of  India  ;  but  probably  the  letters  addressed  to  him  by  the 
partners  in  his  triumph,  Captains  Foote  and  Kenah,  pre- 
senting a  silver  cup  ;  from  the  lieutenants  and  other  officers, 
accompanying  a  sword  of  100  guineas'  value  ;  a  third  from 
the  officers  of  the  Company's  troops  engaged,  with  a  sword 
of  the  same  value ;  and  a  fourth  (subsequently  received) 
from  the  crew  of  the  Caroline,  with  a  similar  mark  of  their 
admiration, l  had  much  greater  charms  for  the  brave  captain, 
whose  kindness  had  equally  gained  their  affection.  The 
wealth  found  at  Banda  was  immense.  The  capture  of 
Bancla-lSTeira  entitles  the  surviving  participators  to  the  naval 
medal. 

After  appointing  Captain  Foote  governor  of  the  island, 
with  a  sufficient  garrison,  the  squadron  proceeded  to  Am- 
boyna. 

On  the  9th  of  July,  three  boats  belonging  to  the  Alceste,  sent 
away  by  Captain  Murray  Maxwell  in  charge  of  Henry  Bell, 

1  This  being  a  very  curious  and  original  document,  we  present  our 
readers  with  a  verb,  et  lit.  copy,  taken  from  Marshall's  Naval  Biography  j 
and  it  must  be  remembered  that  this  was  not  presented  until  Captain 
Cole  had  ceased  to  command  the  Caroline. 

"We,  the  crew  of  H.M.S.  Caroline,  wishes  to  give  you  our  most 
gracious  thanks  for  the  care  and  favour  you  have  shown  to  this  ship's 
company,  by  making  you  a  present  of  a  sword  amounting  to  100  guineas, 
for  your  noble  and  brave  conduct,  when  you  led  us  to  the  storm  of 
Banda,  and  likewise  the  zealous  bravery  in  landing  our  troops  at  Batavia, 
and  by  excepting  of  this  present,  you  will  gratify  the  wishes  of  your  most 
obedient  ship's  company, 

"The  Carolines." 


1810.]  ANECDOTES  OF  HEROISM.  327 

master  of  the  ship,   having  under  him  Midshipmen  James 

Addie  and  M'Quean,  and  which  made  a  gallant  attack 

upon  an  enemy's  convoy,  protected  by  a  large  armed  xebeck, 
having  driven  five  of  the  merchant  vessels  on  shore,  and 
made  pmes  of  three,  it  was  found  necessary  to  take  the 
xebeck  also,  in  order  to  enable  them  to  bring  off  the  prizes. 
Leaving,  therefore,  Mr.  M'Quean  to  cover  the  captured  ves- 
sels, Mr.  Bell,  with  the  barge  and  yawl,  proceeded  on  this 
enterprise ;    and  after  again  taking  possession  of  one  of  the 
prizes   which  the   xebeck  had  recaptured,   laid   the  latter 
alongside.     A  determined  hand-to-hand  conflict  ensued,  and 
out  of  the  twenty-two  brave  fellows  who  boarded,  sixteen 
were  either  killed  or  wounded.     The  remnant,  however,  did 
not  quit  the  xebeck  until  she  was  aground  on  the  rocks 
under   the   batteries  of  Alassio.     "  It  will  give  you  some 
idea,"  wrote  Captain  Maxwell,  "  of  the  metal  these  lads  are 
made  of,  when  I  inform  you  that  Mr.  Bell,  their  leader, 
though  severely  wounded  by  a  grape-shot  in  the  breast  while 
advancing  to  the  attack,  concealed  his  hurt,  lest  a  knowledge 
of  it  might  dishearten  the  men  ;   and  that  Mr.  Addie,  his 
gallant  young  associate,  though  he  had  his  left  arm  shattered 
to  pieces  in  the  act  of  boarding,  kept  his  wound  a  secret  and 
went  on.     John  Giles,  likewise,   a  seaman,  being  mortally 
wounded,  begged  that  he  might  be  allowed  to  have  the  last 
shot,  and  as  there  could  be  no  doubt  about  the  aim  when 
the   boat's   carronade   was  touching  the  enemy's  side,  the 
match  was  put  into  his  hand.     He  fired  the  gun,  gave  a  faint 
huzza,  and  instantly  expired."     The  frigate  afterwards  stood 
in,  and  anchoring  within  musket-shot  of  the  shore,  canno- 
naded the  stranded  shipping,  and  the  enemy's  intrenchments. 
The  total  casualties  in  the  day's  service  were  heavy,  being, 
exclusive  of  that  in  the  boats,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Richard 
Hawkey,  brother  of  the  gallant  oflicer  killed  in  the  Impla- 
cable's  boats  in  the  Baltic  (severely),  and  two  men  wounded. 
On  the  22nd  of  July,  the  boats  of  the^  frigates  Belvidera 
and  Nemesis,  Captains  Richard  Byron  and  William  Ferris, 
were  despatched  for  the  purpose  of  attacking  four  Danish 
gun-vessels,  lying  at  anchor  near  Studtland,  on  the  coast  of 
Norway,  and  which  on  the  previous  night  had  fired  upon  the 
Belvidera's  boats,  when  the  master,  James  M'Pherson,  was 
sounding  the  bay.     The  Belvidera's  boats  were  in  charge  of 


328  BOATS    OF   THAMES,    ETC.    AT    AMANTHEA.  [1810. 

Lieutenants  Samuel  Nisbett  and  William  H.  Bruce,  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  James  Campbell ;  and  those  of  the 
Nemesis  were  commanded  by  Lieutenants  Thomas  Hodgskins 
and  Marmaduke  Smith.  The  Danes  opened  a  heavy  fire 
upon  the  boats  in  their  advance,  to  which  the  boats  made 
a  good  return  from  their  carronades  ;  and  after  a  short 
contest,  two  gun- vessels,  each  mounting  two  long  24- 
pounders  and  six  6-pounder  howitzers,  with  crews  of  forty- 
five  men,  were  taken  possession  of.  The  third  gun-boat 
escaped  into  a  narrow  creek.  This  service  was  attended  with 
no  loss  on  the  part  of  the  captors ;  but  the  Danes  had  four 
men  killed. 

On  the  2oth  of  July,  the  boats  of  the  32 -gun  frigate 
Thames,  Captain  the  Honourable  George  G.  Waldegrave, 
and  18-  gun  brigs  Pilot  and  Weasel,  Commanders  J.  Toup 
Nicolas  and  Henry  Prescott,  under  command  of  the  latter 
officer,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Edward  Collier,  first  of  the 
Thames,  attacked  an  enemy's  convoy,  consisting  of  thirty- 
two  transports,  from  Naples,  laden  with  stores  and  provisions 
for  Murat's  army  at  Scylla,  and  protected  by  seven  gun- 
boats, each  mounting  one  long  18-pounder,  and  four  armed 
scampavias.  The  transports  having  run  upon  the  beach  of 
Amanthea,  where  tney  were  flanked  by  two  batteries  and 
defended  by  the  armed  vessels,  were,  after  a  sharp  struggle, 
in  which  the  boats  were  covered  by  the  fire  of  the  brigs, 
captured,  with  no  greater  loss  to  the  British  than  one  man 
killed  and  six  wounded.  The  whole  were  either  burnt  or 
brought  off.  Commander  Prescott  and  Lieutenant  Collier, 
for  their  gallantry  on  this  occasion,  were  promoted.  This 
is  a  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  31st  of  July,  at  daybreak,  the  18-gun  brig  Procris, 
Commander  Robert  Maunsell,  being  off  the  mouth  of  the 
Indramayo  river,  Java,  came  in  sight  of  six  gun-boats  with 
a  convoy  of  proas.  The  Procris  stood  after  the  enemy  until 
prevented  by  the  shoal  water  from  getting  nearer ;  when 
Commander  Maunsell  proceeded  to  attack  them  in  the  boats 
of  his  brig,  accompanied  by  two  flat  boats,  each  containing 
twenty  soldiers  of  the  14th  and  29  th  regiments.  Com- 
mander Maunsell  was  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  George 
Majoribanks,  and  Lieutenants  H.  J.  Heyland,  of  the  14th, 
and  Oliver  Brush,  of  the  89th  regiments ;  also  George  Cunning- 


1810.]  CAPTURE    OF   ISLE    DE    LA    PASSE.  329* 

ham,  William  Eandall,  and  Charles  Davies,  masters'  mutts. 
On  Hearing  the  gun-boats,  a  heavy  tire  was  opened  on  the 
boats,  but  five  out  of  the  six  were  gallantly  boarded  and 
carried,  and  the  other  blown  up.  The  vessels  each  mounted 
two  brass  guns — 32-pounder  carronades  forward,  and  long 
eighteens  aft  ;  and  had  crews  of  sixty  men.  The  wounded 
in  the  British  boats  were  —  one  man  dangerously,  two 
severely,  and  eight,  including  Mr.  Eandall,  slightly.  Com- 
mander Maunsell  honourably  mentioned  the  officers  present 
with  him  on  the  occasion. 

The  Iphigenia,  Nereide,  and  gun-brig  Staunch,  having 
joined  Captain  Pym,  in  the  Sirius,  off  the  Isle  of  France^ 
after  the  success  in  reducing  the  Isle  of  Bourbon,  it  was 
decided  upon  to  attack  Isle  de  la  Passe,  a  small  island  lying 
at  the  entrance  of  Bourbon  harbour  (or  Port  South-east)  on 
the  east  side  of  the  Isle  of  France,  and  sheltered  on  the 
north-east  by  Point  du  Diable.  On  the  10th  of  August, 
having  left  Captain  Lambert  in  the  Iphigenia,  off  Port 
Louis,  the  Sirius,  Nereide,  and  Staunch,  with  the  Iphigenia's 
launch  and  cutter,  and  a  party  of  men,  under  Lieutenant 
Henry  D.  Chads,  arrived  off  Grand  Port.  On  the  same 
evening  the  boats  of  the  frigates,  including  those  of  the 
Iphigenia,  containing  about  400  men,  under  the  command  of 
Captain  Willoughby,  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  the  Isle  de 
la  Passe ;  but  the  weather  being  too  boisterous,  the  boats 
returned  to  their  ships,  which,  in  order  to  deceive  the  enemy, 
put  to  sea,  and  rejoined  Captain  Lambert  on  the  other  side 
of  the  island. 

The  Sirius  again  arrived  off  the  island  on  the  13th  of 
August;  and  Captain  Pym,  apprehensive  that  the  enemy 
might  gain  intelligence  of  his  designs,  did  not  wait  the 
Neruide's  arrival,  but,  at  Sh.  p.m.,  despatched  five  boats, 
including  two  from  the  Iphigenia,  containing  together 
seventy-one  ofiicers  and  men,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
George  E.  Norman,  assisted  by  Lieutenants  Henry  D.  Chads 
and  John  W.  Watling,  and  Lieutenants  of  marines  James 
Cottell  and  William  Bate.  The  batteries  on  Isle  de  la 
Passe,  the  circumference  of  which  is  about  two  miles  only, 
were  all  erected  in  commanding  situations  with  high  breast- 
works, and  mounted  nineteen  heavy  pieces  of  ordnance, 
including  three  13-inch  mortars  and  two  howitzers.     The 


330  DEATH    OF   LIEUTENANT   NORMAN.  [1810. 

principal  landing-place  is  on  the  inner  or  north-west  side, 
which  was  defended  by  a  strong  chevaux-de-frise  and  two 
howitzers.     The  garrison  consisted  of  two  officers  and  eighty 
soldiers.     Before   reaching  the    scene   of  warfare,   however, 
Lieutenant    Chads    separated  from   the    Sirius's  boats,   and 
made  for  another  part  of  the  island,  where  he  landed  without 
opposition.     Just  as  the  Sirius's  party  got  abreast  the  outer 
battery,  the  moon,  which  had  been  shining  brightly,  was 
obscured,  and  the  boats  were  enabled  to  reach  the  third  bat- 
tery unperceived,  when  the  enemy  opened  fire  upon  them, 
which  killed  and  wounded  several  men.    Having  reached  the 
landing-place,  Norman  and  Watling  attempted  to  scale  the 
works,°but  were  beaten  back  ;  and  at  the  same  time  Norman 
was  shot  through  the  heart.     Lieutenant  Watling,  however, 
made    another  "attempt,  and  gained  possession  of  the  fort 
after  a  desperate  struggle.     After  overpowering  the  enemy, 
he  was  joined  by  Lieut.  Chads,  who,  being  the  senior  officer, 
assumed  command  of  the  whole.    The  only  loss  sustained  was 
by  the  party  under  Lieutenant  Watling,  winch  amounted 
to   five   killed    and    twelve    wounded.     The   French   com- 
mandant having  omitted  to  destroy  the   signals,   they  fell 
into  the  hands  of  the  British. 

On  the  14th,  in  the  morning,  the  Nereide  and  Staunch 
joined  company;  and,  on  the  15th,  Captain  Pym  committed 
Isle  de  la  Passe  to  the  charge  of  Captain  Willoughby.1 

The  position  of  Isle  de  la  Passe,  in  reference  to  its  con- 
tinuity to  the  mainland,  was  not  lost  upon  Captain  Wil- 
loughby, who  availed  himself  of  every  opportunity  of  harass- 
in  o-  the  enemy  by  frequent  incursions.  On  the  17th  of 
Wust  at  the  head  of  a  party  of  170  officers  and  men,  he 
attacked  the  fort  on  Point  du  Diable,  which  he  stormed  and 
carried  without  sustaining  any  loss ;  and  after  spiking  the 
^ms  and  destroying  the  carriages  and  magazine,  the  party 
moved  on  along  the  coast  to  the  town  of  Grand  Port,  On 
the  18th,  Captain  Willoughby  destroyed  the  signal-house  at 
Grande  Pviviere,  and  on  the  19th  and  20th  again  landed 
with  his  party ;  but  while  at  a  great  distance  from  the  ship, 
at  lOh  A.M.,  five  large  sail  were  observed  standing  down,  under 
easy  sail,  for  the  Isle  de  la  Passe  Channel  to  Grand  Port. 

1  The  chagrin  of  this  gallant  officer  was  extreme  at  firfding  the  exploit 
which  he  had  set  his  heart  upon  achieving  already  accomplished. 


1810.]       ENEMY  DECOYED  INTO  GRAND  PORT.         331 

Leaving  the  remainder  of  the  boats  to  follow,  Captain 
Willoughby  departed  in  his  gig,  and  after  a  row  of  five  miles, 
reached  the  Nereide  at  noon.  Having,  as  before  mentioned, 
obtained  possession  of  the  French  signal-book,  Captain  Wil- 
loughby, anxious  to  entice  the  ships  into  Grand  Port,  hoisted 
French  colours.  He  then  made  the  French  signal,  "  the 
enemy  is  cruising  off  the  Coin  de  Mire."  The  French 
frigates  replied  by  making  the  private  signal,  which  was 
answered  from  the  island.  Upon  which  they  made  their 
numbers,  as  the  Bellone  and  Minerve  frigates,  Yictor  sloop, 
and  two  prizes  ;  which  latter  were  the  Windham  and  Cey- 
lon, captured  on  the  4th  of  July.  At  lh.  30m.  p.m.,  the 
Victor  leading,  arrived  within  pistol-shot  of  the  Nereide, 
when  the  latter,  substituting  British  for  the  French  ensign, 
opened  fire  with  such  effect,  that  the  corvette  hailed  to  say 
she  had  struck,  and  anchored  on  the  Nereide's  starboard 
quarter.  Lieutenant  John  Burns  was  sent  to  take  posses- 
sion j  but  in  the  meanwhile  the  Minerve,  followed  by  the 
Ceylon,  entered  the  channel,  and,  after  exchanging  broad- 
sides with  the  Nereide,  Captain  Bouvet  ordered  Captain 
Morice,  of  the  Yictor,  to  rehoist  the  colours,  and  follow  the 
Minerve,  which  was  accordingly  done,  and  the  Victor  was 
quickly  under  sail,  in  the  wake  of  the  Ceylon,  steering  for 
Grand  Port.  At  about  2h.  40m.,  the  Bellone,  exchanging 
a  few  shot  with  the  battery,  steered  towards  the  Nereide,  as 
if  with  the  intention  of  attacking  her ;  but,  after  firing  a 
broadside,  entered  the  harbour  with  her  consorts.  The 
boats  which  Captain  Willoughby  had  left  behind  him  almost 
miraculously  escaped  capture,  and  arrived  alongside  the 
Nereide  in  safety. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  the  21st  of  August,  the  Wind- 
ham, which,  having  separated  from  the  above  squadron,  had 
steered  for  the  Riviere  Noire,  was  seen  from  the  Sirius, 
while  cruising  off  Port  Louis.  Lieutenant  Watling,  unaware 
in  the  twilight  of  the  real  force  of  the  enemy,  proceeded 
to  board  her  with  the  gig  and  jolly-boat,  the  latter,  with 
a  crew  of  four  men,  in  charge  of  John  Andrews,  midship- 
man ;  but,  owing  to  some  strange  oversight,  no  arms  were 
in  either  boat.  Daylight  discovered  to  the  boarding  party 
a  ship  of  800  tons,  apparently  armed  with  thirty  guns,  very 
near  the  French  batteries,  and  distant  three  miles  from  the 


332  CAPTAIN    PYM    AT    GRAND    PORT.  [1810. 

Sirius.  Undaunted  by  these  discouragements,  Lieutenant 
Watling  and  the  midshipman  boarded  at  the  head  of  their 
men,  who,  armed  with  the  boats'  stretchers  only,  fought  their 
way  up  the  side,  and  gained  possession  of  the  deck.  Thus 
was  the  "Windham,  mounting  twenty-six  guns,  commanded 
by  a  lieutenant  de  vaisseau,  and  manned  with  thirty  French 
sailors,  captured  by  eleven  unarmed  British  seamen,  within 
shot  of  the  French  batteries.  As  the  ]atter  very  soon 
opened  on  the  Windham,  Lieutenant  Watling,  with  his 
little  band,  was  in  a  critical  situation ;  but,  after  sustaining 
their  fire  for  about  twenty  minutes,  by  which  one  French- 
man and  three  lascars  were  wounded,  the  well-won  prize  was 
brought  off. 

Hitherto  success  had  followed  success ;  but  the  tide  of 
fortune  seemed  now  to  have  reached  its  height.  Captain 
Willoughby,  in  the  Nereide,  at  Isle  de  la  Passe,  being  left  in 
a  very  critical  situation,  environed  with  enemies  sufficient  to 
have  annihilated  his  small  force,  had  a  vigorous  attempt 
been  made,  despatched  Lieutenant  Deacon,  in  the  launch, 
with  a  note  to  Captain  Pym,  who  was  cruising  on  the  other 
side  of  the  island,  stating  the  arrival  of  the  French  ships  at 
Grand  Port  (or  Bourbon  Harbour),  and  offering  to  lead  in 
and  attack  them  at  their  anchorage  with  one  frigate  besides 
the  Nereidc.  Lieutenant  Deacon  arrived  on  board  the 
Sirius  on  the  21st,  and  on  the  22nd  of  August  the  latter 
made  her  appearance  off  Grand  Port,  and  exchanged  num- 
bers with  the  Nereide,  still  at  anchor,  and  maintaining  her 
station  under  the  little  island.  The  Nereide  immediately 
hoisted  the  signals  :  "  Ready  for  action  ;"  "  Enemy  of  infe- 
rior force." 

Captain  Pym,  having  decided  on  making  the  attack, 
hoisted  the  signal  for  the  Nereide's  master.  Mr.  Robert 
Lesby  accordingly  repaired  on  board,  but  the  black  pilot, 
who  was  the  only  person  acquainted  with  the  channel 
beyond  the  Isle  de  la  Passe,  remained  on  board  the  Nereide. 
The  Sirius  then  made  sail  and  bore  up  with  the  south-east 
trade-wind  for  the  passage  ;  and  at  2h.  40m.  p.m.,  agreeably 
to  a  signal  to  that  effect  from  the  Sirius,  the  Nereide  got 
underweigh,  and,  with  her  staysails  only,  followed  the  Sirius. 
At  4h.  the  Sirius  grounded  on  the  point  of  a  shoal  on  the 
left-hand  side  of  the  channel,  and,  having  much  way  on  her 


1810.]  BRITISH    SHIPS    AGROUND.  333 

at  the  time,  was  forced  a  considerable  distance  on  the  bank. 
The  Nereide  immediately  anchored  close  to  her,  and,  after 
much  hard  labour,  the  Sirius  was  hove  off.  Nothing  more, 
however,  could  be  effected  that  night. 

On  the  23rd,  the  Iphigenia  and  Magicienne,  Captains 
Henry  Lambert  and  Lucius  Curtis,  joined  company,  and  the 
four  frigates,  led  by  the  Nereide,  at  4h.  40m.  p.m.,  again 
stood  down  channel  towards  Grand  Port.  The  following 
was  the  order  of  attack  arranged  :  the  Nereide  to  anchor 
between  the  Victor  (the  rearmost  ship  of  the  enemy)  and 
Bellone ;  the  Sirius  abreast  the  Bellone ;  the  Magicienne 
between  the  Ceylon  and  Minerve  ;  and  the  Iphigenia  on  the 
broadside  of  the  latter.  The  Nereide,  with  only  her  staysails, 
jibs,  and  driver  set,  cleared  the  winding  passage,  and  stood 
along  the  edge  of  the  reef  which  skirts  the  anchorage, 
directly  for  her  allotted  station.  The  Sirius  also  weighed; 
but  keeping,  on  this  occasion,  too  much  to  starboard,  touched 
the  ground  just  as  the  shot  of  the  enemy  were  beginning  to 
reach  her,  and,  having  great  way  on,  notwithstanding  her 
anchor  was  let  go,  ran  over  the  edge  of  one  shoal,  and 
remained  stationary  on  a  coral  rock.  The  Magicienne  and 
Iphigenia  successively  cleared  the  channel ;  but  the  former, 
having  no  pilot,  grounded  on  a  bank,  when  about  400  yards 
from  her  station,  in  such  a  position  that  only  three  of  her 
foremost  guns  would  bear  on  the  enemy.  The  Iphigenia, 
taking  warning  by  the  Magicienne's  mishap,  dropped  her 
stream  anchor,  and  brought  up  by  the  stern  in  six  fathoms ; 
then,  letting  go  a  bower  anchor  under  foot,  her  starboard 
broadside  was  brought  to  bear  upon  the  Minerve. 

The  Nereide  in  the  meanwhile  had  begun  the  action  with 
the  enemy's  rear,  and  was  about  to  anchor  in  her  appointed 
berth,  when  Captain  Willoughby,  observing  the  accident  to 
the  Sirius,  nobly  pushed  on  and  took  the  station,  which  was 
to  have  been  occupied  by  that  ship,  abreast^  of  the  Bellone, 
from  which  she  was  at  no  greater  distance  than  200  yards. 
At  oh.  15m.  a  most  severe  cannonading  commenced  between 
the  12-pounder  and  18-pounder  opponents  ;  but,  to  add  to 
the  great  disadvantage  of  the  Nereide,  the  Victor  also 
brought  her  guns  to  bear  on  the  British  ship. 

The  battle  now  raged  with  great  fury,  and  at  6h.  15m. 
the  Ceylon  hauled  down  her  colours;   but  before  a  boat 


334  CARNAGE   ON   BOARD   THE   NEREIDE.  [1810. 

could  get  alongside  to  take  possession,  the  ship  cut  her 
cables  and  made  sail  for  the  shore.  But  in  endeavouring  to 
effect  this,  the  Ceylon  got  foul  of  the  Bellone,  and  that  ship 
also  cut  her  cables  and  ran  aground.  At  about  the  same  time 
the  Minerve,  having  had  her  cables  cut  by  shot,  made  sail  in 
the  direction  of  the  Bellone,  and  grounded  close  to  her.  The 
Bellone,  however,  took  the  ground  in  such  a  position  that  her 
broadside  was  still  presented  to  the  Nereide,  upon  which  ship 
she  continued  a  severe  fire.  At  7h.,  the  latter's  spring  having 
been  cut  by  a  shot,  she  swung  with  her  head  in  shore,  and 
became  exposed  to  a  severe  raking  fire,  but  after  a  time  again 
brought  her  starboard  broadside  to  bear  on  the  enemy. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  action  Captain  Willoughby  was 
severely  wounded  on  the  left  cheek  by  a  splinter,  which  tore 
his  eye  completely  out  of  the  socket.  The  first  lieutenant 
was  mortally  wounded,  the  second  dangerously,  one  marine 
officer,  two  officers  of  foot,  and  one  of  artillery,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  crew  and  soldiers  either  killed  or  disabled. 
Most  of  the  quarter-deck  and  many  of  the  main-deck  guns 
were  dismounted ;  and  the  hull  of  the  ship,  in  the  most 
shattered  condition,  was  striking  the  ground  abaft  at  every 
heave  of  the  swell.  The  ship  being  in  this  state,  and  five 
hours  having  elapsed  since  the  commencement  of  the  action 
without  any  boat  or  assistance  arriving  from  any  ship  of  the 
squadron,  Captain  Willoughby  gave  orders  for  the  firing  to 
cease,  and  for  the  small  remains  of  his  crew  to  shelter  them- 
selves below  from  the  enemy's  fire,  which  was  still  kept  up 
with  vigour.  He  then  sent  acting  Lieutenant  "William 
Weiss  to  the  Sirius,  to  acquaint  Captain  Pym  with  the 
situation  of  the  ship,  suggesting  at  the  same  time  the  possi- 
bility of  towing  the  Nereide  out  of  reach  of  the  enemy  with 
the  boats,  or  of  removing  the  crew  and  setting  her  on  fire, 
and  by  so  doing  cause  great  injury,  if  not  destruction,  to  the 
enemy's  ships  on  shore  in  a  cluster. 

In  reply  to  this  message,  Captain  Pym  sent  a  boat  along- 
side the  Nereide,  requesting  Captain  Willoughby  to  abandon 
the  ship,  and  repair  on  board  the  Sirius ;  but  the  gallant 
captain,  willing  to  share  with  his  remaining  officers  and 
crew  their  danger  or  imprisonment,  sent  back  word  that  the 
Nereide  had  surrendered.  Shortly  afterwards  a  boat  came 
alongside   from  the   shore   to   know  for  what   reason   the 


1510.]  KILLED    AND    WOUNDED.  335 

Nereide  had  ceased  firing,  and  was  answered  that  the  ship 
had  struck ;  but  the  boat,  being  in  a  sinking  state  from 
shot-holes,  unable  to  reach  the  shore  with  this  answer, 
returned  to  the  Nereide.  The  Bellone  continued  her  fire, 
and  at  a  little  past  midnight  the  Nereide's  mainmast  fell ; 
but  it  was  not  until  lh.  50m.  a.m.  that  the  fire  of  the 
French  frigate  ceased.  The  Magicienne  and  Iphigenia,  after 
silencing  the  battery,  also  ceased  firing. 

At  daylight  on  the  24th,  the  Bellone  reopened  fire  upon 
the  Nereide,  and  although  French  colours  were  displayed  in 
the  fore-rigging  in  token  of  surrender,  the  firing  was  con- 
tinued. This  attack  upon  a  defenceless  ship  was  then 
attributed  to  the  circumstance  of  a  small  union-jack,  which 
was  still  flying  at  the  mizen  topgallant  masthead  ;  and  as 
the  rigging  was  all  cut,  and  the  halyards  by  which  it  had  been 
hoisted  shot  away,  nothing  remained  but  to  cut  away  the 
mast,  which  was  accordingly  done,  and  the  firing  ceased. 
It  was  stated  in  Captain  Pyni's  official  letter,  that  every 
person  on  board  the  Nereide  was  either  killed  or  wounded  ; 
but  this  proved  to  be  incorrect.  The  real  loss,  however,  was 
severe  enough.  Out  of  281  officers  and  men,  which  were 
on  board  the  Nereide  at  the  commencement  of  this  san- 
guinary battle,  she  had  Lieutenant  John  Burns,  Lieutenants 
Morlett  (of  the  33  rd)  and  Aldwinkle  (of  the  Madras 
artillery),  one  midshipman  (George  Timmins),  and  eighty- 
eight  seamen,  marines,  and  soldiers  killed ;  and  Captain 
Willoughby,  Lieutenant  Henry  C.  Deacon,  the  master, 
Robert  Lesby,  Lieutenants  Thomas  S.  Cox  (marines)  and 
Needhall  (of  the  69th),  Boatswain  John  Strong,  Midshipman 
Samuel  Costerton,  and  130  seamen,  marines,  and  soldiers 
wounded.  Total :  killed  and  wounded,  230 ;  leaving  just 
fifty-one  as  the  number  escaped.  This  heavy  loss  is  attri- 
buted in  some  measure  to  the  ship's  having  been  lined  with 
fir,  which  caused  an  immense  number  of, splinters.  The 
Iphigenia,  out  of  255  men  and  boys,  had  five  seamen  killed ; 
her  first  lieutenant  (Bobert  Tom  Blackler)  and  twelve  sea- 
men and  marines  wounded.  The  Magicienne,  eight  men 
killed  and  twenty  wounded ;  and  the  Sirius  no  loss  what- 
ever. On  board  the  French  ships  the  loss  amounted  to 
thirty-seven  officers  and  men  killed,  and  112  wounded. 
The  Magicienne  being  found  immovable,  and  having  much 


33 0  SURRENDER    OF   THE    BRITISH    FORCE.  [1810. 

water  in  her  hold,  was  set  on  fire,  and  blew  up  with  her 
colours  flying  at  llh.  p.m.  on  the  24th. 

The  Iphigenia  was  warped  out  and  anchored  near  the 
Shins  without  recommencing  hostilities.  After  every  effort 
had  been  used  to  get  the  Sirius  afloat  without  avail,  a 
quantity  of  her  stores  was  removed  to  the  Iphigenia,  with 
her  crew  and  that  of  the  Magicienne,  and  she  was  set  on  fire, 
and  at  llh.  a.m.  on  the  25th  blew  up.  After  great  exertion, 
the  Iphigenia  was  warped  out  of  the  channel  and  anchored 
■off  the  Isle  de  la  Passe,  at  8h.  30m.  p.m.  on  the  26th. 

On  the  27th  all  the  ships  in  Grand  Port  were  observed  to 
be  afloat,  and  three  frigates  were  discovered  in  the  offing, 
upon  which  the  Iphigenia  cleared  for  action  ;  and  having 
sent  to  the  island  all  except  about  400  or  500  men,  made 
preparations  to  receive  the  enemy.  The  French  squadron 
consisted  of  the  frigates  Venus,  Astree,  and  Manche,  and 
Entreprenante  brig,  under  Commodore  Hammelin,  which  had 
sailed  from  Port  Louis  at  midnight  on  the  21st,  to  relieve 
the  squadron  in  Grand  Port,  but  had  been  thwarted  by  foul 
winds.  At  lh.  p.m.  the  French  squadron  hove  to  off  the 
island,  and  Commodore  Hammelin  summoned  Captain  Lam- 
bert to  surrender  at  discretion.  This  was  refused ;  but 
Captain  Lambert  offered  to  surrender  the  island  provided 
the  Iphigenia  were  allowed  to  retire  to  a  British  port  with 
the  officers  and  men  ;  but  these  terms  were  refused,  and  on 
the  28th  a  proposal  from  General  Decaen,  to  send  the  British 
to  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  was  agreed  to,  and  the  British 
colours  were  hauled  down. 

Captains  Pym.  Lambert,  and  Curtis,  being  removed  with 
their  officers  and  men  to  Port  Louis,  were  treated  infamously, 
and  plundered  of  almost  everything  they  possessed.  On  the 
capture  of  the  Isle  of  France  in  the  succeeding  December, 
the  four  captains  and  their  surviving  officers  and  men  were 
tried  by  a  court-martial  on  board  the  Illustrious,  at  Port 
Louis,  for  the  loss  of  their  respective  ships,  and  most  honour- 
ably acquitted ;  the  court  further  stating  it  as  their  opinion, 
that  "  the  Nereide  was  carried  into  battle  in  a  most  judicious, 
officer-like,  and  gallant  manner  ;  expressing  at  the  same 
time  its  "  high  admiration  of  the  noble  conduct  of  the  cap- 
tain, officers,  and  ship's  company,  during  the  whole  of  their 
unequal  contest.5' 


1810.]     BOATS  OF  DREADNOUGHT  OFF  USHANT.        337 

On  the  29th  of  August,  being  off  the  island  of  Alderney, 
the  hired  armed  cutter  Queen  Charlotte,  mounting  eight 
4-pounders,  with  a  crew  of  twenty-seven  men,  Joseph 
Thomas,  master,  fought  a  very  gallant  action  with  a  large 
French  16-gun  cutter,  having  on  board  a  crew  of  120  men. 
The  action  lasted  from  3h.  30m.  to  5h.  p.m.,  when  the  French 
cutter  hauled  off  to  the  north-east,  leaving  the  Queen  Char- 
lotte in  a  disabled  state,  with  her  boatswain  killed  and  four- 
teen wounded.  The  opponent  of  the  Queen  Charlotte  was 
the  Swan,  formerly  a  British  revenue  cruiser,  and  had  been 
lengthened,  so  that  she  then  measured  200  tons.  The  Queen 
Charlotte  was  a  vessel  of  seventy-nine  tons  only,  and  her 
gallant  and  successful  resistance  of  so  formidable  an  enemy 
was  highly  praiseworthy.  Among  the  badly  wounded  was 
P.  A.  Mulgrave,  a  passenger,  who,  although  painfully  hurt, 
refused  to  quit  the  deck,  but  continued  to  render  all  the 
service  in  Ins  power,  by  supplying  those  near  him  with 
ammunition. 

On  the  8th  of  September,  the  98-gun  ship  Dreadnought, 
Captain  Valentine  Collard,  bearing  the  flag  of  Bear- Admiral 
Sotheby,  while  cruising  off  the  coast  of  France,  observed  a 
.ship  anchored  in  a  small  creek  on  the  west  side  of  Ushant. 
At  daybreak  on  the  morning  of  the  9  th,  seven  boats  were 
despatched  under  Lieutenant  Thomas  Pettman.  On  approach- 
ing, they  were  received  by  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry  from  a 
number  of  troops  concealed  among  the  rocks,  and  from  two 
field-pieces  on  the  beach  ;  but,  dashing  on,  they  boarded  and 
gained  possession  of  the  ship.  About  600  soldiers,  assembled 
on  a  precipice  over  the  vessel,  kept  up  a  destructive  fire  upon 
the  British,  by  which  a  loss  was  sustained  of  Master's  mate 
Henry  B.  Middleton,  William  Robinson,  midshipman,  two 
seamen,  and  two  marines  killed  ;  and  Lieutenants  Henry 
Elton  and  Stewart  Blackler,  George  Burt  and  Henry  Dennis, 
midshipmen,  eighteen  seamen,  and  nine  marines  wounded  ; 
and  five  seamen  and  one  marine  missing.  Total  :  six  killed, 
thirty-one  wounded,  and  six  missing  or  made  prisoners.  Two 
of  the  boats  drifted  on  shore,  and  were  taken  possession  of 
by  the  enemy. 

On  the  5th  of  September,  in  the  morning,  as  the  38-gun 
frigate  Surveillante,  Captain  George  Ralph  Collier,  and  gun- 
brig  Constant,  Lieutenant  John  Stokes,  were  off"  the  Mor- 

VOL.    II.  z 


338  BOATS   OF   SURVEILLANCE,    ETC.  [1810. 

bihan,  a  French  convoy  was  observed  escaping  from  that 
river,  and  making  off  to  the  southward.  The  British  ships 
lost  no  time  in  pursuing,  and  a  part  of  the  convoy  re-entered 
the  river.  One  brig,  however,  anchored  for  protection  close 
under  the  rocks,  and  between  the  batteries  of  St.  Guildas 
and  St.  Jaques.  Captain  Collier  then  despatched  the  boats 
in  command  of  Lieutenant  the  Honourable  James  Arbuthnot, 
assisted  by  Master's  mate  John  Illingworth,  and  Midshipmen 
John  Kingdom,  Digby  Marsh,  Edwin  F.  Stanhope,  William 
Crowder,  John  Watt,  and  Herbert  Ashton,  to  attempt  the 
destruction  of  the  brig.  In  addition  to  the  guns  of  the 
batteries,  the  boats  had  to  contend  against  a  body  of  troops 
stationed  in  the  caverns  near  the  brig,  and  also  field-pieces  ; 
but,  undeterred  by  this  formidable  opposition,  the  vessel  was 
boarded,  her  cables  and  hawsers  cut,  and  brought  out  without 
any  loss  on  the  part  of  her  captors.  Captain  Collier,  in  his 
official  letter,  made  very  handsome  allusion  to  the  important 
service  rendered  by  the  Constant,  Lieutenant  Stokes,  who 
with  great  skill  navigated  his  brig  between  the  rocks,  and 
by  her  well-directed  fire  upon  the  enemy,  doubtless  saved  the 
frigate's  boats  from  severe  loss. 

On  the  following  night  Captain  Collier  sent  away  two 
boats,  in  command  of  Mr.  Illingworth,  assisted  by  Midship- 
men John  Kiugdom  and  Hector  Rose,  to  destroy  a  watch- 
tower  and  1-gun  battery  lately  erected  at  the  mouth  of  the 
river  Crache.  The  service  was  performed  with  great  gal- 
lantry, in  broad  daylight  ;  for,  having  first  decoyed  the 
guard  from  the  batteiy,  the  British  attacked  and  drove  them 
from  the  beach,  spiked  the  gun  (a  long  2  4 -pounder),  and 
levelled  the  whole  building  with  the  ground.  Mr.  Illingworth 
was  very  deservedly  promoted  on  the  1st  of  August,  1811. 

On  the  10th  of  September  the  18-pounder  38-gun  frigate 
Africaine,  Captain  Robert  Corbet,  arrived  at  Bourbon,  and 
joined  Commodore  Rowley's  squadron.  On  the  11th  she 
chased  a  French  schooner  off  the  Isle  Ronde,  Isle  of  France, 
which  she  drove  on  shore  in  a  small  creek.  Two  boats  from 
the  frigate,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  George  Forder  and 
Jenkin  Jones,  master's  mate,  were  sent  in,  and  boarded  the 
schooner ;  but  she  was  so  effectually  defended  by  a  body  of 
soldiers  on  each  bank  of  the  narrow  creek,  that  the  British 
were  compelled  to  abandon  her,  with  the  loss  of  two  men 


1810.]  AFEICAINE   WITH    FRENCH    FRIGATES.  339 

killed,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  James  Jackson  (2),  Hemy 
Sewell,  midshipman,  and  fourteen  men  wounded. 

On  the  morning  of  the  1 2th,  the  Africaine  having  returned 
to  Bourbon  to  land  her  wounded,  two  frigates  and  a  brig 
were  observed  to  windward,  which  were  the  French 
18-pounder  38-gun  frigates  Iphigenie  (late  Iphigenia)  and 
Astree,  and  Entreprenante  brig,  standing  in  towards  St.  Denis, 
as  if  disposed  to  offer  battle.  Commodore  "Rowley,  in  the 
Boadicea,  accompanied  by  the  18-gun  sloop  Otter,  Commander 
James  Tomkinson,  and  gun-brig  Staunch,  Lieutenant  Ben- 
jamin Street,  weighed  from  St.  Paul's  Bay  and  proceeded  in 
chase  of  the  French  frigates,  and  shortly  afterwards  the 
Boadicea  made  her  number  to  the  Africaine.  The  enemy's 
frigates  at  this  time  bore  from  the  latter  north,  distant  about 
eight  miles.  The  Africaine  then  made  sail  on  a  wind  in 
chase  of  the  French  ships,  and  at  6h.  20m.  p.m.  lost  sight  of 
the  Boadicea,  as  did  the  latter  of  the  Otter  and  Staunch. 
At  7h.  30m.  the  Africaine  had  arrived  within  about  two 
miles  of  the  weather  quarter  of  the  French  frigates,  and  her 
superiority  of  sailing  was  such  as  to  enable  her  to  keej:>  way 
with  them  under  topsails  and  foresail.  As  it  grew  dark,  the 
Africaine  threw  up  rockets  to  indicate  her  position  to  the 
Boadicea. 

At  lh.  50m.  a.m.  on  the  13th,  in  the  midst  of  a  heavy 
squall,  the  French  frigates  bore  up,  followed  by  the  Africaine ; 
and  at  2h.  10m.,  the  enemy  having  again  hauled  to  the  wind, 
the  Africaine  found  herself  within  musket-shot  on  the 
weather  and  starboard  quarter  of  the  Astree.  The  Boadicea 
was  now  about  five  miles  distant  on  the  lee  quarter  of  the 
Africaine.  Captain  Corbet,  anxious  to  prevent  the  enemy 
from  entering  I*ort  Louis,  from  winch  they  were  not  far 
distant,  determined  to  commence  the  imequal  contest ;  and 
at  2h.  20m.  a  double-shotted  broadside  was  fired  into  the 
Astree.  This  the  French  frigate  immediately  returned ;  and 
at  the  second  broadside  Captain  Corbet  was  mortally  wounded, 
a  shot  striking  off  his  right  foot  above  the  ancle,  and  a  splin- 
ter causing  a  compound  fracture  of  the  thigh.  The  command 
then  devolved  upon  Lieutenant  Joseph  Crew  Tullidge,  who 
received  Captain  Corbet's  injunction,  as  he  was  being  carried 
below,  to  bring  the  enemy  to  close  action.  At  2h.  30m.  the 
Astree,  having  her  jib-boom  shot  away,  and  the  clue  of  her 

z2 


340  CAPTURE   OF   THE   AFRICAINE.  [1810. 

fore-topsail  cut,  filled  and  ranged  ahead  ;  and  the  Iphigenie 
then  bore  up,  and  took  a  station  on  the  lee  quarter  of  her 
consort.  The  breeze  having  freshened,  the  Africaine  boldly 
ran  between  the  two  .ships  to  windward  of  the  Iphigenie, 
and  opened  fire  upon  this  fresh  opponent,  from  her  larboard 
guns,  having  at  the  same  time  the  Astree  on  her  weather 
bow.  At  3h.  30m.  the  Africaine  had  her  jib-boom  and  fore- 
topmast  shot  away,  and  shortly  afterwards  her  mizen-top- 
mast.  Lieutenant  Tullidge,  although  severely  wounded  in 
four  places,  refused  to  quit  the  deck  ;  the  next  officer  in 
seniority,  Lieutenant  Forder,  had  been  shot  through  the 
breast  with  a  musket-ball  and  carried  below  ;  and  at  4h.  the 
master  had  his  head  taken  off  by  a  round  shot.  At  4h. 
45m.  a.m.,  at  which  time  her  three  lower  masts  were  in  a 
tottering  state,  her  hull  dreadfully  shattered,  and  the  decks 
covered  with  killed  and  wounded,  the  Africaine  ceased  firing. 
Being  in  this  disabled  state,  and  finding  at  daylight  that  the 
Boadicea  was  still  more  than  four  miles  to  leeward,  the 
Africaine  at  about  5h.  hauled  down  her  colours ;  but  the 
enemy  continued  to  fire  on  the  surrendered  ship  for  some 
minutes,  and  Captain  Elliott,  and  several  men,  were  killed  in 
consequence. 

In  this  tremendous  conflict,  the  Africaine,  out  of  295  men 
and  boys,  including  a  lieutenant  and  twenty-five  soldiers  of 
the  8Gth  regiment,  had  her  master,  Samuel  Parker,  Captain 
Elliott,  of  the  army,  twenty- eight  seamen,  fourteen  marines, 
and  five  soldiers  killed ;  and  Captain  Corbet  (mortally),  Lieu- 
tenants Tullidge  and  George  Forder,  Lieutenants  James 
Jackson  (marines)  and  Home  (85th  regiment),  John  Theed 
and  Jenkin  Jones,  masters'  mates,  Charles  Mercier  and 
Robert  Leech,  midshipmen,  seventy-six  seamen,  twelve 
marines,  and  seventeen  soldiers,  wounded.  Total  :  forty- 
nine  killed,  and  114  wounded.  The  acknowledged  loss  of 
the  French  frigates  was  ten  killed  and  twenty-five  wounded; 
but  this  is  supposed  to  be  much  less  than  that  really  sus- 
tained. The  Africaine  being  totally  dismasted,  was  taken 
possession  of  by  the  French ;  but  recaptured  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  same  day  by  the  Boadicea  and  consorts.  Lieutenant 
Tullidge  was  tried  by  court-martial  for  surrendering  the  shij3, 
and  with  the  surviving  officers  most  honourably  acquitted, 
and  complimented  upon  the  gallant  conduct  evinced  upon 


1810.]  CEYLON  AND  VENUS.  341 

this  occasion.  It  is  gratifying  to  know  that  Lieutenant 
Tullidge  received  the  just  reward  of  his  bravery  by  promotion 
to  the  rank  of  commander  on  the  1st  August,  1811. 

The  Boadicea,  accompanied  by  the  Africaine,  Otter,  and 
Staunch,  anchored  in  St.  Paul's  Bay  on  the  15th. 

On  the  17th  of  September,  the  18-pounder  32-gun  frigate 
Ceylon  (of  670  tons,  built  for  an  East-Indiaman),  Captain 
Charles  Gordon,  arrived  off  Port  Louis  from  Madras,  in  ex- 
pectation of  falling  in  with  the  Boadicea  ;  but,  after  recon- 
noitring the  port,  made  sail  for  Bourbon.  At  lh.  15m.  p.m. 
Commodore  Hammelin,  in  the  18-pounder  40-gun  frigate 
Venus,  accompanied  by  the  lC-gun  corvette  Victor,  weighed 
in  pursuit  of  the  Ceylon,  and  at  2h.  p.m.  were  descried  from 
the  Ceylon  in  chase  of  her.  The  British  frigate  continued 
steering  west  by  south,  hoping  to  reach  Bourbon,  where  Cap- 
tain Gordon  doubted  not  he  should  find  the  Boadicea.  The 
Venus,  however,  overtook  the  Ceylon  at  lh.  15m.  a.m.  on  the 
18th,  and  commenced  the  action.  A  running  fight  was 
maintained  with  much  spirit,  until  4h.  30m.,  by  which  time 
the  Victor  had  also  arrived  up,  and  commenced  taking  part 
in  the  action.  Having  lost  fore  and  main-topmasts  and  gaff, 
and  being  otherwise  much  disabled,  the  Ceylon  then  hauled 
down  her  colours.  The  loss  on  board  the  Ceylon,  out  of  a 
crew  of  295  men  and  boys,  amounted  to  six  seamen  and  four 
soldiers  of  the  69th  killed  ;  and  Captain  Gordon  (severely), 
William  Oliver,  master,  Captain  Boss,  of  the  69th,  Boatswain 
Andrew  Graham,  seventeen  seamen,  one  marine,  and  nine 
soldiers  wounded.  Total :  ten  killed  and  thirty-one  wounded. 
The  mizenmast,  and  fore  and  main-topmasts  of  the  Venus 
were  shot  away,  but  her  loss  is  not  stated. 

At  7h.  30m.  a.m.  of  the  same  day,  Commodore  R-owley, 
with  the  Boadicea,  Otter,  and  Staunch,  discovered  the  two 
French  ships  and  their  prize  abreast  of  St.  Denis  ;  and  having 
received  fifty  volunteers  from  the  Africaine,  weighed  and 
made  sail  in  chase.  At  8h.  a.m.  the  Victor  took  the  Ceylon 
in  tow ;  but  at  3h.  30m.  p.m.,  finding  the  British  gain  rapidly 
in  the  pursuit,  the  Victor  removed  her  men  from  the  prize, 
and  hauled  up  to  join  the  Venus.  The  latter  then  stood 
towards  the  Boadicea,  and  the  corvette  made  sail  towards  the 
Isle  of  Prance.  At  4h.  40m.  p.m.  the  Boadicea  ran  the 
Venus  alongside,  and  after  ten  minutes'  engagement,  in  which 


342       BOATS    OF   CALEDONIA,    ETC.    IN   BASQUE   ROADS.       [1810- 

the  British  frigate  had  two  men  wounded,  and  the  "Venus 
nine  killed  and  fifteen  wounded,  the  latter  hauled  down  her 
colours.  The  Boadicea  taking  the  Yenus  in  tow,  and  the 
Otter  the  Ceylon,  returned  to  the  Isle  of  Bourbon.  Captain 
Gordon  subsequently  resumed  the  command  of  the  Ceylon, 
and  being  tried  by  court-martial  for  her  loss,  was  most 
honourably  acquitted.  The  Venus,  a  fine  ship  of  1,100  tons, 
was  taken  into  the  British  service,  and,  to  perpetuate  the 
name  of  Captain  "VVilloughby's  gallantly-defended  ship,  was 
called  the  Nereide.  The  recapture  of  the  Ceylon,  and  cap- 
ture of  the  Yenus,  entitles  those  serving  in  the  Boadicea, 
Otter,  and  Staunch,  to  the  naval  medal. 

On  the  night  of  the  27th  of  September,  the  boats  of  the 
120-gun  ship  Caledonia,  Captain  Sir  Harry  Neale  ;  74-gun 
slnp  Yaliant,  Captain  Robert  D.  Oliver  ;  and  38-gun  frigate 
Armide,  Captain  Bichard  D.  Dunn,  at  anchor  in  Basque 
Roads,  were  sent  away  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant 
Arthur  P.  Hamilton,  of  the  Caledonia,  to  destroy  three  brigs 
lying  under  the  protection  of  a  battery  at  Pointe  clu  Che. 
A  division  of  130  marines,  under  Captains  Thomas  Sherman 
and  Archibald  McLachlan,  Lieutenants  John  Coulter,  John 
Couche,  and  Robert  Little,  the  latter  of  the  marine  artillery, 
were  ordered  to  effect  a  landing,  and  attack  the  battery,  and 
a  large  body  of  troops  assembled  for  the  protection  of  the 
vessels.  At  5h.  30m.  a.m.  the  marines  were  landed,  the 
battery  carried,  and  the  guns  spiked.  The  troops  were 
routed  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet  by  Captain  Sherman  and 
the  marines,  and  two  of  the  brigs  captured,  and  the  third 
destroyed  by  the  seamen.  The  marines  re-embarked  without 
losing  a  man ;  but  one  private  was  wounded,  and  Lieutenant 
Little,  in  attempting  to  cut  down  the  sentinel  at  the  entrance 
of  the  battery,  received  the  contents  of  his  musket  in  his 
right  hand,  which  rendered  amputation  necessary.  Those 
present  in  the  above  action  are  entitled  to  the  naval  medal. 

On  the  night  of  the  28th  of  September,  Commander  Robert 
Hall,  of  the  14-gun  brig  Rambler,  lying  in  Gibraltar  Bay, 
having  been  detached  with  some  gun-boats  in  quest  of 
enemy's  privateers,  after  a  pull  of  twenty  hours,  landed  with 
thirty  officers  and  men,  near  the  entrance  of  the  river  Bar- 
bate, Tarifa.  After  traversing  the  sand-hills,  to  get  at  a 
large  French  privateer,  protected  by  two  G-pounders  and 


1810.]  BRISEIS   AND    SANS    SOUCI.  343 

thirty  dragoons,  in  addition  to  her  own  crew,  Captain  Hall 
and  his  party  commenced  the  attack,  and  after  some  sharp 
firing  the  enemy  retreated,  with  the  loss  of  five  dragoons  and 
two  seamen  killed.  .  The  privateer  was  brought  out. 

On  the  14th  of  October,  the  10-gun  brig  Briseis,  acting 
Commander  George  Bentham,  cruising  in  the  North  Sea, 
chased  the  French  14-gun  schooner  privateer  Sans  Souci. 
After  a  run  of  eight  and  an  action  of  one  hour's  duration, 
the  privateer  surrendered,  having  had  eight  men  killed  and 
nineteen  wounded.  The  Briseis  had  one  master's  mate, 
Alexander  Gunn,  James  Davidson,  captain's  clerk,  and  two 
seamen  killed,  and  eleven  men  wounded.  Commander  Ben- 
tham was  confirmed  in  his  rank  for  this  action  ;  and  the 
naval  medal  is  granted  to  the  participators  in  the  victory. 

On  the  25th  of  October,  the  10-gun  brig  Calliope,  Com- 
mander John  McKerlie,  captured,  in  the  North  Sea,  the 
Countesse  d'Hambourg,  French  schooner  privateer  of  four- 
teen guns  and  fifty-one  men,  after  a  chase  of  two  hours  and 
a  smart  running  action.  The  schooner's  mainmast  was  shot 
away,  and  she  was  otherwise  much  shattered ;  her  loss  is  not 
mentioned,  but  the  Calliope  had  three  men  wounded. 

On  the  27th  of  October,  when  about  twenty  leagues  south- 
west of  Scilly,  the  16-gun  brig  Orestes,  Commander  John  R. 
Lapenotiere,  captured  the  French  brig  privateer  Loup-Garou, 
of  sixteen  guns  and  100  men,  after  an  hour's  running  action, 
in  which  the  privateer  had  four  men  wounded. 

On  the  4th  of  November,  while  the  18-gun  corvette 
Blossom,  Commander  William  Stewart,  was  cruising  off  Cape 
Sicie,  she  chased  a  xebeck,  and  it  falling  calm,  two  boats  were 
despatched  in  pursuit,  in  which  were  Lieutenant  Samuel 
Davies,  Richard  Hambly,  master's  mate,  and  John  Marshall, 
midshipman.  About  7h.  a.m.  the  privateer,  which  was  the 
Caesar,  of  four  guns  and  fifty-nine  men,  opened  a  fire  upon 
the  boats,  killing  Lieutenant  Davis  and  $hree  seamen,  and 
wounding  Mr.  Hambly  and  four  men.  With  the  twenty-six 
men  left,  Mr.  Marshall  continued  the  pursuit,  and  gallantly 
boarded  and  carried  the  privateer,  with  the  addition  of  five 
men  wounded.  The  enemy  had  four  men  killed  and  nine 
wounded.  Mr.  Hambly  was  promoted  on  the  19th  of 
January  following.     This  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  8th  of  November,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 


344  PHIPPS   AND    BARBIER   DE   SEVILLE.  [1810'. 

Quebec,  Captain  Sibthorpe  J.  Hawtayne,  commanded  by- 
Lieutenant  Stephen  Popham,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Richard 
A.  Yates,  and  John  McDonald,  master's  mate,  attacked  and 
captured  the  French  schooner  privateer  Jeune-Louise,  of  four- 
teen guns  and  thirty-five  men,  at  anchor  within  the  Vlie- 
stroom,  in  the  Texel.  The  boats,  previously  to  effecting  this, 
unfortunately  grounded  on  the  sand,  within  pistol-shot  of  the 
schooner ;  and  in  that  situation  received  some  broadsides 
and  musketry.  The  French  captain,  Galien  Lafont,  fell  in 
personal  conflict  with  Lieutenant  Yates.  The  British  loss 
amounted  to  two  men  (one  killed  and  one  drowned),  and  one 
wounded.  Besides  the  officers  above  named,  there  were  pre- 
sent in  the  boats,  Gilbert  Duncan,  captain's  clerk,  and  Charles 
Ward,  volunteer,  first  class. 

On  the  15th  of  November,  at  llh.  40m.  p.m.,  the  14-gun 
schooner  Phipps,  Commander  Christopher  Bell,  chased  a  lug- 
ger privateer  into  Calais  ;  and  early  on  the  morning  of  the 
16th,  the  Phipps  fell  in  with,  and  commenced  a  running 
action  with  another  lugger,  which  she  chased  so  close  to  the 
shore,  that  at  5h.  30m.  a.m..  in  order  to  prevent  her  running 
on  the  rocks,  the  Phipps  ran  her  on  board.  Pouring  in  her 
broadside,  Lieutenant  Robert  Tryon,  with  Patrick  Wright, 
master's  mate,  and  Peter  Geddes,  boatswain,  at  the  head  of 
a  party  of  seamen,  boarded,  and  in  a  few  minutes  carried  the 
lugger,  which  proved  to  be  the  Barbier-de-Seville,  mounting 
sixteen  guns,  with  a  crew  of  sixty  men.  Lieutenant  Tryon 
was  mortally  wounded,  and  one  seaman  was  killed.  The 
privateer  had  six  killed  and  eleven  wounded,  and  was  so 
much  shattered,  that  she  sank  soon  after  her  capture,  carry- 
ing with  her  one  of  the  crew  of  the  Phipps. 

On  the  3rd  of  December,  the  Isle  of  France  capitulated  to 
a  squadron  under  the  command  of  Vice-Admiral  Bertie, 
whose  nag  was  flying  on  board  the  Africaine,  consisting  of 
the  following  :  — 

Guns.  Ships. 

74     Illustrious   .  .  Captain  William  Broughton 

(  Cornwallis    .  .  ,,  James  Caulfield 

j  Africaine     .  .  ,,  Chas.  Gordon  (act.) 

.,  .            j  Boadicea ....  ,,  Josias  Bowley 

iNisua „  Philip  Beaver 

Clorinde  ....  „  Thomas  Briggs 

Menelaus    . .  „  Peter  Parker 


Frigates  - 


1810.]  CAPTURE    OF    THE    ISLE    OF    FRANCE.  345 

Ships. 
'  Xt'reide   ....     Captain  Robt.  Henderson  (act.) 
Phoebe     ....         ,,         James  Hillyar 

Doris „         Wm,  Jones  Lye 

Cornelia  ....         ,,         Henry  F.  Edgell 
Psyche     ....  ,,         John  Edgecumbe 

,  Ceylon     ....  ,,         James  Tomkinson  (act.) 

Sloops,  &c. — Hesper,  Commander  Wm.  Paterson  ;  Eclipse,  Commander 
Henry  Lynne  (act.)  ;  Hecate,  Commander  Geo.  Rennie  (act.)  ;  Actseon, 
Commander  Viscount  Neville ;  Staunch,  Lieut.  Benjamin  Street  ; 
Emma,1  Lieut.  Hector  Craig. 

Also  a  fleet  of  transports  containing  10,000  troops,  under 
Major-General  Abercromby.  This  capture  was  effected  after 
some  severe  skirmishing,  and  was  attended  with  the  loss  on 
the  part  of  the  British  of  twenty-eight  killed,  ninety-four 
wounded,  and  forty-five  missing.  The  French  regulars 
amounted  to  1,300,  and  the  militia  to  10,000  men  ;  the  island 
was  defended  by  209  cannon.  In  Port  Louis  were  found  the 
40-gun  frigates  Bellone,  Minerve,  Manche,  Astree,  Nereide, 
and  Iphigenie,  corvette  Victor,  and  brig  Entreprenante ;  also 
the  Charlton,  Ceylon,  and  United  Kingdom,  late  English 
Indiamen,  and  twenty-four  French  merchant  ships.  The 
Bellone  under  the  name  of  Junon,  the  Astree  under  that  of 
Pomone,  and  the  Iphigenie  under  her  English  name,  were 
added  to  the  British  navy  ;  but  the  Nereide  was  found  in  so 
bad  a  state  that  she  was  sold  to  be  broken  up. 

On  the  10th  of  December,  in  the  evening,  the  10-gun  brig 
Bosario,  Commander  Booty  Harvey,  cruising  off  Dungeness, 
fell  in  with  two  French  lugger  privateers.  The  Bosario 
immediately  ran  one  alongside,  which  was  boarded  and  taken 
possession  of  by  Lieutenant  Thomas  Daws,  at  the  head  of  a 
party  of  men.  The  prize  was  the  Mamelouck,  of  sixteen 
guns  and  forty-five  men,  seven  of  whom  were  wounded.  The 
Bosario  had  two  men  severely,  and  three  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  December,  the  4-pounder  8-gun  cutter 
Entreprenante,  the  crew  of  which  consisted,  of  thirty-three 
men  and  boys,  Lieutenant  Peter  Williams,  while  lying  be- 
calmed, near  Malaga,  was  attacked  by  four  large  French 
privateers — one  of  six  guns  and  seventy-five  men  ;  a  second 
of  five  guns  and  forty-five  men ;  and  the  others  of  two  heavy 
guns  and  twenty-five  men  each.     At   llh.  a.m.  the  firing 

1  Supposed  to  have  foundered  off  Madagascar  in  1811. 


346  RINALDO   AND    FRENCH    PRIVATEERS.  [1810. 

commenced  on  both  sides,  and  was  continued  until  2k.  45m. 
p.m.,  during  which  time  three  ineffectual  attempts  were  made 
to  board  the  cutter  ;  but  being  repulsed  with  the  utmost 
gallantly,  the  privateers  took  to  their  oars,  and  swept  away, 
fired  at  by  the  cutter  as  long  as  her  shot  would  reach.  The 
Entreprenante  had  one  man  killed  and  ten  wounded ;  several 
of  her  guns  were  dismounted,  and  her  spars  and  rigging  very 
much  cut.  Notwithstanding  his  extremely  good  and  gallant 
conduct,  which  preserved  the  cutter  from  capture,  Lieutenant 
Williams,  though  of  ten  years'  standing,  had  to  wait  four 
years  longer  for  his  promotion. 

On  the  7th  of  December,  in  the  evening,  the  10-gun  brig 
Rinaldo,  Commander  James  Anderson,  while  cruising  off 
Dover,  observed  two  large  luggers  standing  towards  the 
English  coast.  On  seeing  the  Rinaldo,  they  endeavoured  to 
cross  the  brig,  and  regain  their  own  shores  ;  but  perceiving 
the  design,  the  Einaldo,  after  a  smart  action,  ran  the  nearest 
one  on  board,  her  jib-boom  passing  under  the  lugger's  jib- 
stay.  The  French  crew,  which  in  number  greatly  exceeded 
the  EAnaldo's,  then  attempted  to  board ;  but  being  repulsed 
with  loss,  the  lugger  was  boarded  and  captured  by  Lieutenant 
Edward  G.  Palmer,  who  was  severely  wounded  in  the  con- 
test. The  prize  was  the  Maraudeur,  of  fourteen  guns  and 
eighty-five  men.     The  other  vessel  escaped  into  Calais. 

On  the  17th  of  December,  at  3h.  30m.  p.m.,  while  stand- 
ing out  from  St.  Helen's,  on  her  way  to  Dover,  the  Einaldo 
discovered  four  luggers  in  the  offing,  with  their  sails  lowered  ; 
and  in  order  to  decoy  them  after  him,  Captain  Anderson 
stood  in  shore,  and  trimmed  sails  so  as  to  permit  them  to 
approach  after  dark.  At  5h.  p.m.,  the  Ower's  light  bearing 
west-north-west,  distant  half  a  mile,  the  two  largest  luggers 
ranged  up  under  the  Rinaldo's  stern,  and  firing  their  broad- 
sides, hailed,  and  in  a  very  abusive  manner  ordered  her  to 
surrender.  The  Einaldo  being  fully  prepared  for  the  salute, 
tacked  and  poured  a  broadside  into  each  of  them  :  she  then 
wore  round,  and,  when  within  pistol-shot  of  the  largest,  fired 
a  second  broadside.  The  effect  of  this  was  to  bring  down  the 
lugger's  masts  and  sails,  and  to  make  the  crew  call  for 
quarter,  who  hailed  that  the  vessel  was  sinking,  and  desired 
that  boats  might  be  sent  to  their  assistance.  The  second 
lugger   now   bore   up,  apparently    intending  to   board  the 


1810.]       BOATS  OF  KENT,  ETC.  AT  PALAMOS.         347 

Rinaldo,  but  she  was  soon  compelled  to  haul  off;  and 
having  lowered  her  sails,  the  crew  hailed  to  say  that  they 
had  struck.  While  wearing  round  and  manning  her  boats 
to  send  to  the  sinking  prize,  the  Rinaldo  was  carried  by  the 
current  foul  of  the  Ower's  light  vessel,  and  the  second  lug- 
ger, which  had  surrendered,  taking  advantage  of  this  acci- 
dent, rehoisted  her  sails  and  escaped.  The  largest  lugger 
went  down,  and  out  of  a  crew  of  seventy  men,  only  the 
captain  and  two  were  saved.  The  vessel's  name  was  Vieille 
Josephine,  and  mounted  sixteen  guns. 

On  the  13th  of  December,  a  party,  consisting  of  3-50 
seamen  and  250  marines,  from  the  74-gun  ships  Kent, 
Captain  Thomas  Rogers  ;  Ajax,  Captain  Robert  W.  Otway ; 
frigate  Cambrian,  Captain  Francis  W.  Fane  ;  and  corvettes 
Sparrowhawk  and  Minstrel,  Commanders  James  Pringle  and 
Colin  Campbell,  the  whole  under  the  command  of  Captain 
Fane,  landed  near  the  Mole  of  Palamos,  on  the  south  coast 
of  Spain,  for  the  purpose  of  destroying  an  armed  ketch, 
some  xebecks  and  merchant  vessels,  lying  under  the  protection 
of  two  batteries.  The  batteries  and  magazines  were  de- 
stroyed, and  the  vessels  brought  off  with  a  trifling  loss  ; 
but,  unfortunately,  in  returning  to  the  ships,  the  men,  in- 
stead of  retiring  along  the  beach,  where  they  would  have 
been  covered  by  the  lire  of  the  corvettes,  took  their  road 
through  the  town.  Id  consequence  of  this  inconsiderate 
step,  they  became  exposed  to  a  murderous  fire  from  the 
French  troops,  who  had  posted  themselves  in  the  houses, 
by  which  two  officers,  nineteen  seamen,  and  twelve  marines 
were  killed ;  and  fifteen  officers,  forty-two  seamen,  and 
thirty-two  marines  wounded. ;  and  two  officers,  forty-one 
seamen,  and  forty-three  marines  made  prisoners.  Total  : 
thirty-three  killed,  eighty-nine  wounded,  and  eighty-seven 
prisoners.  Captain  Fane,  who  remained  on  the  mole-head 
to  the  last  in  the  performance  of  his  duty,  was  among  the 
latter. 


348  BOATS   OF   CERBERUS   AND   ACTIVE.  [1811. 


1811. 

On  the  4th  of  February,  the  boats  of  the  frigates  Cerbe- 
rus and  Active,  Captains  Henry  Whitby  and  James  A. 
Gordon,  were  despatched,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
George  Haye,  of  the  latter  ship,  to  board  four  vessels,  lying 
in  the  port  of  Pestichi,  on  the  coast  of  Italy.  Three  of  the 
vessels  were  brought  out,  and  the  fourth  burnt,  with  no  loss 
to  the  British. 

On  the  12th,  the  boats  of  the  same  frigates  were  sent 
away,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  James  Dickenson,  of 
the  Cerberus,  assisted  by  Lieutenants  George  Haye  and  George 
C.  Urmston,  and  Master's  mates  James  Gibson  and  Samuel 
Hennie,  together  with  a  party  of  marines,  under  Lieutenant 
John  Meares,  to  bring  out  some  vessels  at  anchor  in  the 
harbour  of  Ortona.  At  lOh.  A.M.,  the  boats  having  ap- 
proached the  mole,  a  fire  of  great  guns  and  musketry  was 
opened  from  a  trabacculo,  mounting  six  guns,  and  from  sol- 
diers posted  on  the  beach  and  hills.  The  British  responded 
to  this  salute  by  three  cheers,  and,  dashing  on,  boarded  and 
carried  the  trabacculo  in  a  few  minutes.  The  party  then 
landed,  and  having  driven  the  enemy  before  them,  ten- 
vessels,  laden  with  wheat,  oil,  &c,  were  captured,  and  the 
magazines  containing  stores  destroyed.  This  service  was 
attended  with  no  severer  casualty  than  four  men  wounded. 

On  the  evening  of  the  4th  of  March,  Commodore  Du- 
bourdieu,  who  in  the  month  of  October  last  entered  the 
harbour  of  Ancona,  sailed  from  that  port  with  a  squadron  of 
six  large  frigates,  one  16-gun  brig,  a  10-gun  schooner,  G-gun 
xebeck,  and  two  gun-boats,  having  on  board  about  500  troops, 
intended  to  garrison  Lissa  (a  small  island  on  the  coast  of 
Dalmatia)  as  soon  as  they  should  have  gained  possession  of 
it.  Early  on  the  morning  of  the  13th,  Commodore  Dubour- 
dieu  came  in  sight  of  the  British  squadron,  at  this  time 
about  a  mile  from  the  entrance  of  Port   St.  George.    At 


3  811.]  ACTION   OFF   LISSA.  349 

4h.  a.m.  the  extremes  of  the  island  of  Lissa  bore  from  the 
Amphion  east  by  south  and  south  by  west,  and  at  Gh.  the 
Franco- Venetian  squadron  bore  down  to  the  attack,  in  two 
divisions,  in  the  following  order  : — 


STARBOARD,  OR   WEATHER   DIVISION. 
Guns.        Ships. 
.A  \  Favorite  (commodore) 
40  j  Flore 

32     Bellona  (Venetian) 
1 6     M  ercure 


LARBOARD,    OR   LEE   DIVISION. 
Guns.        Ships. 
4~  j  Danae 

(  Corona  (Venetian) 
32     Carolina  (Venetian) 
A  schooner,  xebeck,  and  gun-boats 


The  British  ships,  under  top-gallant  sails  and  jib,  each, 
with  a  red  ensign  at  the  peak,  and  decorated  with  the  union 
jack  and  an  ensign  at  the  foremast  head  and  on  the  different 
stays,  were  quickly  formed  in  line  ahead  in  the  following 
order  : — 

Guns.         Ships. 

32  Amphion Captain  William  Hoste 

3S  Active „     James  A.  Gordon 

28  Volage ,,     Phipps  Hornby 

32  Cerberus „     Henry  Whitby 

The  enemy's  squadron  was  composed  of  four  large 
18-pounder  40-gun  1,100  ton  frigates,  and  Wo  12-pounder 
32-gun  frigates  of  700  tons.  The  40-gun  frigates  mounted 
from  forty-eight  to  fifty  guns  each,  and  the  32-gun  frigates 
thirty-six  guns,  including  twenty-four  long  12-pounders  on 
the  main  deck ;  besides  which,  the  small  vessels  mounted 
together  thirty-six  guns.  At  the  lowest  estimate,  this 
squadron  had  on  board  2,500  men.  The  British  squadron 
consisted  of  three  18-pounder  frigates  :  the  Active,  of  1,058 
tons,  mounting  forty-four  guns;  Amphion,  of  914  tons, 
mounting  forty-two  guns;  and  Cerberus,  of  816  tons  and 
thirty-eight  guns;  and  the  Volage,  of  529  tons,  rated  as  a 
22-gun  ship,  and  armed  with  twenty-two  32-pounder  car- 
ronades  on  the  main  deck,  and  four  18-pounder  carronades 
and  two  long  6-pounders  on  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle. 
The  crews  of  the  above  ships  did  not  exceed  880  in  all.  The 
actual  force  of  the  contending  parties  may  therefore  be 
thus  stated  :  British,  152  guns,  880  men  :  Franco- Venetians, 
300  guns,  and  2,500  men  :  showing  a  superiority  in  favour 
of  the  enemy  of  146  guns  and  1,620  men  ;  or,  taking  into 
consideration  the  overwhelming  number  of  men,  of  more 
than  half. 


350  ACTION   OFF   LISSA.  [1811. 

Notwithstanding  this  disparity,  which  was  well  known  to 
Captain  Hoste,  he  made  no  effort  to  decline  the  combat ; 
but;  on  the  contrary,  with  his  gallant  companions,  exulted  in 
the  prospect  of  a  meeting  for  which  they  had  for  many 
months  eagerly  longed.  With  his  ships  formed  in  line  on 
the  starboard  tack,  in  the  order  already  stated,  so  compact 
that  the  flying  jib-boom  of  the  one  was  only  a  few  feet  from 
the  spanker  of  the  other,  Captain  Hoste  gallantly  offered 
battle  to  the  enemy.  Emulating  the  immortal  Nelson,  under 
whom  he  had  first  learned  to  meet  a  foe,  Captain  Hoste 
determined  to  try  the  effect  of  a  signal,  which,  while  it  on 
his  part  served  to  show  a  grateful  remembrance  of  his 
former  commander  and  patron,  might  also  knit  by  still 
stronger  bonds  the  captains,  officers,  and  seamen  under  his 
command.  He  therefore  telegraphed  "  Remember  Nelson." 
The  meaning  of  the  flags  was  no  sooner  known  than  it  was 
received  with  hearty  and  enthusiastic  cheers. 

At  9h.  the  Amphion  and  Active  opened  fire  upon  the 
Favorite.  The  relative  positions  of  the  two  squadrons  at 
this  period  we  endeavour  to  illustrate  by  a  diagram. 


\ 


MER 


car:    pC 


fc*  0. 


favor:    T^yC 

r 


9hI0m.A,V. 


-^  ^§?-*§H$& 


At  9h.    10m.,  the  Favorite  beinj*  close  on  the  weathei 


1811.]  ACTION    OFF   LISSA.  351 

beam  of  the  Amphion,  evinced  an  intention  to  lay  her  on 
board ;  but  the  vigorous  fire  opened  upon  her  by  that 
frigate,  and  in  particular  the  discharge  of  about  750  nmsket- 
balls  from  a  5^-inch  howitzer  on  the  quarter-deck,  which 
caused  great  havoc  among  the  French  crew  assembled  on  the 
Favorite's  forecastle,  induced  the  commodore  to  forego  it,  and 
to  haul  to  the  wind  in  a  parallel  course  with  the  British. 
The  rate  of  sailing  of  the  British  frigates  was  about  three 
miles  an  hour,  and  as  they  continued  to  stand  close-hauled, 
all  the  enemy's  ships  being  unable  to  cut  their  compact  line, 
were  obliged  also  to  haul  up.  This  enabled  the  Danae,  and 
subsequently  the  Corona  and  Carolina,  to  open  their  broad- 
sides on  the  Yolage  and  Cerberus,  which  ships  returned 
their  fire  with  great  spirit. 

At  9h.  40m.  the  Amphion,  being  within  half  a  cable's 
length  of  the  north-west  shore  of  Lissa,  made  the  signal 
for  the  squadron  to  wear  together.  The  Favorite  being  on 
the  weather  bow  of  the  Amphion,  in  endeavouring  to  wear 
and  get  to  leeward  of  the  British  line,  struck  on  the  rocks 
and  bilged.  The  Cerberus  having  had  her  rudder-head  choked 
by  a  shot,  was  some  time  in  coming  round,  in  consequence  of 
which  the  Volage  was  under  the  necessity  of  passing  under 
her  stern,  and  thus  became  the  leading  ship  on  the  larboard 
tack.  The  Flore  having  sustained  very  slight  damage  to. her 
sails,  wore  round  under  the  stern  of  the  Amphion,  and  hauled 
up  on  her  lee  quarter,  and  at  about  the  same  time  the  Bel- 
lone  took  a  station  on  the  Amphion's  weather  quarter,  and 
both  opened  a  heavy  fire.  The  Danae  now  wore,  and  was 
followed  by  the  Corona  and  Carolina,  the  Danae  taking  her 
station  abeam  of  the  Yolage,  and  her  followers  on  the  bow 
and  quarter  of  the  Cerberus. 

Thus  all  except  the  Active  became  closely  engaged.  The 
Yolage  nobly  maintained  her  station,  and  the  character  of  a 
frigate  which  she  was  thus  called  upon  to  support,  and  with 
her  32-pounder  carronades  dealt  such  destruction  on  the 
decks  of  her  antagonist,  that  the  Danae  kept  a  close  luff  to 
seek  a  greater  range,  by  which  her  long  guns  would  retain 
their  advantage.  The  Cerberus  was  ninety  men  short  of 
complement,  and  suffered  very  severely  in  her  unequal  contest 
with  her  two  antagonists  ;  but  the  Active,  having  made  sail, 
was   at   length  enabled  to  get  up  to  the  assistance  of  her 


352  ACTION   OFF   LISSA.  [1811. 

friends  in  the  van,  and  as  she  approached,  the  Danae,  Corona, 
and  Carolina  bore  up  to  the  eastward  and  made  sail. 

The  Amphion  in  the  meanwhile  had  suffered  much  from 
the  fire  of  her  two  opponents  ;  and,  in  order  to  lessen  his 
disadvantages,  Captain  Hoste  gradually  edged  off  the  wind 
to  close  the  Flore.  Crossing  her  bows  within  half  pistol- 
shot,  the  Amphion  again  hauled  up  on  the  larboard  tack, 
and  brought  her  broadside  to  bear  on  the  Flore's  starboard 
bow.  This  was  about  llh.  10m.,  and  after  continuing  the 
fire  for  about  ten  minutes,  the  Flore  struck  her  colours.  The 
Bellona,  when  the  Amphion  bore  up,  followed  her  example, 
and  taking  a  station  across  the  Amphion's  stern,  maintained 
a  destructive  fire.  Unable  to  take  possession  of  the  Flore, 
in  consequence  of  the  damage  done  to  her  running  rigging, 
which  prevented  her  from  hoisting  out  a  boat,  and  her  stern 
and  quarter  boats  being  knocked  to  pieces,  the  Amphion 
turned  her  attention  to  the  Bellona,  and  having  with  diffi- 
culty wore  round  on  the  starboard  tack,  took  up  a  position 
on  the  weather  bow  of  that  ship,  which,  at  a  few  minutes 
before  noon,  was  also  compelled  to  haul  down  her  colours. 
Lieutenant  Donat  H.  O'Brien,  in  a  small  punt,  then  pro- 
ceeded to  take  possession  of  the  prize.  Captain  Hoste  per- 
ceiving the  enemy  flying  in  all  directions,  made  the  signal  for 
a  general  chase,  which,  however,  could  only  apply  to  the 
Active,  as  no  other  ship  was  in  a  condition  to  chase.  The 
Amphion  then  came  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  to 
leeward  of  the  Cerberus  and  Yolage. 

The  Flore,  after  the  Amphion  and  other  ships  ceased  to 
fire  at  her,  had  by  degrees  been  making  sail,  and  was  now 
out  of  gun-shot  to  windward,  when,  taking  advantage  of  her 
situation,  and  of  the  disabled  state  of  her  captor,  she  crowded 
all  sail,  and  effected  an  escape  into  Lessina.  The  Active  was 
in  a  situation  to  have  sunk  the  Flore  ;  but,  perceiving  that 
she  had  surrendered,  Captain  Gordon  made  sail  in  chase  of 
the  Corona.  After  receiving  a  galling  fire  as  she  approached, 
the  Active  at  lh.  4om.  p.m.  succeeded  in  setting  alongside 

o  o  c 

the  Corona  to  leeward,  when  an  action  commenced,  which 
was  maintained  with  great  spirit  until  2h.  30m.,  when  the 
Corona  surrendered.  The  Carolina  and  Danae  had  by  this 
time  got  under  the  protection  of  the  batteries  of  Lessina,  and 
the  small  vessels  had  also  effected  their  escape. 


1811.]  KILLED    AND    WOUNDED.  353 

In  such  an  action,  the  loss  and  damages  of  the  different 
ships,  as  may  be  supposed,  were  severe.  The  Amphion's 
lower  masts  were  all  three  badly  wounded,  her  larboard  main 
yard-arm  and  niizen-topmast  were  shot  away,  and  her  sails 
and  rigging  much  cut.  Out  of  a  crew  of  251  men  and  boys, 
her  loss  amounted  to  her  boatswain,  Richard  Unthank, 
Midshipmen  John  R.  Spearman  and  Charles  Hayes,  seven 
seamen,  and  five  marines  killed ;  and  Captain  Hoste  (in  his 
right  arm,  and  some  severe  contusions),  Lieutenant  David 
Dunn,  severely,  Captain  of  marines  Thomas  Moore,  Midship- 
men Francis  G.  Farewell  and  Thomas  Edward  Hoste,  Cap- 
tain's clerk  Frederick  Lewis,  first  class  volunteers  Honour- 
able W.  Waldegrave  and  Charles  Buthane,  thirty-four  sea- 
men, and  four  marines  wounded.  Total  :  fifteen  killed,  forty- 
seven  wounded.  The  Active's  damages  were  comparatively 
slight  ;  and  out  of  her  complement  of  300  men  and  boys, 
four  seamen  were  killed,  and  Second  Lieutenant  of  marines 
John  Mears,  eighteen  seamen,  and  five  marines  wounded. 
Total :  four  killed  and  twenty-four  wounded.  The  Cerberus 
had  only  lost  her  mizen-topsail-yard  ;  but  her  hull  was  much 
shattered  ;  and  out  of  a  crew  of  160  men  and  boys,  her  pur- 
ser, Samuel  Jeffery,  Midshipman  Francis  S.  Davey,  eight 
seamen,  and  three  marines  were  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant 
George  C.  Urmston,  thirty-three  seamen,  and  seven  marines 
wounded.  Total  :  thirteen  killed  and  forty-one  wounded. 
The  mainyard  of  the  Volage  was  shot  away  in  the  slings, 
besides  which  she  lost  her  fore-topgallant-mast,  and  was  also 
damaged  in  her  masts,  sails,  and  rigging,  and  in  hull  con- 
siderably. Her  loss,  out  of  175  men,  amounted  to  Midship- 
man John  George,  ten  seamen,  and  two  marines  killed  ;  First 
Lieutenant  of  marines  William  S.  Knapman,  twenty-seven 
seamen,  and  four  marines  wounded.  Total :  thirteen  killed 
and  thirty-three  wounded.  Grand  total  :  forty-five  killed 
and  145  wounded. 

Of  the  prizes,  the  Corona  sustained  a  loss  of  upwards  of 
200  in  killed  and  wounded  ;  and  the  Bellona  had  seventy 
killed,  and  about  the  same  number  wounded,  including  her 
captain  (Duodo)  mortally. 

At  4h.  p.m.  the  Favourite,  having  been  set  on  fire  by  her 
•crew,  blew  up  with  a  great  explosion.  At  9h.  p.m.  the 
Corona,  while  in  tow  of  the  Active,  caught  fire  on  the  main- 

VOL.    II.  2  A 


354  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   AMAZONE.  [1811. 

top,  and  in  a  short  time  the  mainmast  was  in  flames.  The 
Active  cut  herself  clear,  and  the  Corona  continued  burning 
until  llh.  30m.  p.m.,  when,  owing  to  the  exertions  of  Lieu- 
tenants James  Dickenson  and  George  Haye,  the  flames  were 
got  under  ;  but  not  without  the  loss  of  the  mast,  and  of  four 
seamen  and  one  marine  of  the  Active,  who  were  drowned  ; 
and.  Lieutenant  Haye,  and  Midshipman  Sephas  Goode,  and 
two  seamen,  who  were  severely  burnt. 

The  Corona,  a  very  fine  ship,  was  added  to  the  British 
navy  under  the  name  of  Daedalus,  and  the  Bellona  under 
that  of  Dover,  but  only  to  be  employed  as  a  troop-ship. 
Each  of  the  captains  present  at  the  action  of  Lissa  (but  not 
until  after  a  lapse  of  some  years)  received  a  gold  medal,  and 
the  first  lieutenants  of  the  ships — David  Dunn,  Amphion ; 
James  Dickenson,  Cerberus;  Wilham  Wilmot  Henderson, 
Active  ;  and  William  Wolrige,  Volage — were  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  commander.  The  naval  medal  was  awarded  in 
1847  to  the  surviving  participators. 

To  offer  a  word  in  the  shape  of  eulogy,  in  reference  to  this 
action,  would,  we  feel,  be  superfluous  ;  the  facts  speak  for 
themselves ;  but  it  may  be  necessary  to  remark,  that 
although  there  have  been  those  disposed  to  think  lightly  of 
such  enemies  as  Yenetians,  yet  it  is  clear  that  these  ships 
were  fought  with  the  utmost  skill,  and  defended  to  the  last 
extremity  ;  indeed,  had  it  not  been  for  the  accident  to  the 
Favourite,  Captain  Hoste  might  have  dearly  rued  his  temerity 
in  meeting  such  enemies.  A  victory  would  doubtless  have 
been  achieved,  but  the  sacrifice  must  have  been  great.  Yet 
that  accident  was  not  the  effect  of  simple  chance,  but  of  the 
skill  of  Captain  Hoste,  who  foresaw  it  from  the  first,  and  by 
standing  so  long  on  the  starboard  tack,  enticed  the  French 
commodore  to  the  rocks  on  which  his  ship  was  wrecked. 
Captain  Hoste  made  a  formal  demand  for  the  surrender  of 
the  Flore,  wkich  ship  had  notoriously  struck  to  the  Amphion, 
but,  in  defiance  of  every  honourable  principle,  his  letters 
were  disregarded. 

On  the  24th  of  March,  the  French  40-gun  frigate  Ama- 
zon©, Captain  Bousseau,  was  chased  by  the  74-gun  ship 
Berwick,  Captain  James  Macnaniara,  while  attempting  a 
second  time  to  get  from  Havre  to  Cherbourg,  and  obliged 
to  anchor  in  a  small  rocky  bay  under  shelter  of  a  battery, 


1811.]  DEFENCE   OF   ANHOLT.  355 

but  where  she  struck,  and  lost  her  rudder.  A  small  squad- 
ron soon  assembled,  comprising  the  38-gun  frigate  Amelia, 
Captain  the  Honourable  Frederick  P.  Irby,  16-gun  brigs 
Goshawk  and  Hawk,  Commanders  James  Lilburne  and 
Hemy  Bourchier,  which  at  8h.  a.m.  anchored  about  two 
miles  to  the  northward,  not  being  able  to  stem  the  tide.  At 
noon  the  Niobe,  Captain  John  W.  Loring,  joined,  and  at 
4h.  p.m.  the  whole  stood  in  among  rocks  and  shoals,  and 
cannonaded  the  frigate  and  batteries.  On  the  following  day 
the  attack  was  about  to  be  renewed,  when  the  Amazone  was 
set  on  fire  by  her  crew  and  destroyed.  The  Berwick  and 
Amelia  had  each  one  man  killed,  and  the  Amelia  one 
wounded. 

The  island  of  Anholt,  captured  in  May,  1809,  having  been 
found  useful  as  a  depot  for  British  merchandize,  and  as  a  re- 
sort for  the  Baltic  cruisers,  Captain  James  Wilkes  Maurice, 
of  Diamond  Bock  celebrity,  was  appointed  governor,  with  a 
garrison  of  thirty-one  marine  artillery  and  350  marines, 
under  Major  Robert  Torrens.  The  Danes,  however,  deter- 
mined, if  possible,  to  regain  possession  of  the  island,  fitted 
out  an  expedition  in  the  summer  of  1810  ;  but,  deterred  by 
the  large  naval  force  in  the  Baltic,  delayed  making  the 
attempt  until  the  winter.  But  so  long  as  the  sea  remained 
open,  the  British  cruisers  remained ;  and  when  at  length 
driven  away  by  the  ice,  the  Danes  were,  from  the  same 
cause,  prevented  from  carrying  their  design  into  effect. 
When  milder  weather  set  the  vessels  at  liberty,  troops  to  the 
number  of  1,000  men,  including  200  organized  seamen,  em- 
barked in  twelve  transports,  protected  by  twelve  gun-boats, 
having  crews  of  sixty  or  seventy  men,  each  mounting  two 
heavy  long  guns,  and  four  brass  howitzers.  On  the  24th  of 
March,  Anholt  was  visited  by  a  Danish  officer,  bearing  a  flag 
of  truce,  but  who  was  in  reality  a  spy  ;  and  he  having  ascer- 
tained that  the  garrison  did  not  exceed  400- men,  that  the 
lighthouse  fort  was  the  only  battery  of  importance,  and  that 
one  solitary  armed  schooner  was  the  sole  naval  force,  re- 
turned to  Gerrild  Bay,  where  the  flotilla  had  assembled.  On 
the  26th  the  flotilla  got  underway,  and  the  same  day  the 
32-gun  frigate  Tartar,  Captain  Joseph  Baker,  and  16-gun 
sloop  Sheldrake,  Commander  James  P.  Stewart,  arrived  at 
Anholt. 

2  a2 


356  DEFENCE   OF    ANHOLT.  [1811. 

On  the  27th,  at  4h.  a.m.,  the  Danish 'troops,  under  cover 
of  a  thick  fog,  disembarked,  unseen,  about  four  miles  to  the 
westward  of  Fort  Yorke.  It  had  been  intimated  to  Captain 
Maurice,  in  the  month  of  February,  that  an  attack  was  in- 
tended, and  every  precaution  in  his  power  had  been  taken 
for  defence,  and  pickets  stationed  all  round  the  island.  Just 
before  dawn,  the  out-pickets  on  the  south  side  of  the  island 
made  the  preconcerted  signal  for  the  enemy's  being  in  sight, 
when  the  brigade  of  four  howitzers,  covered  by  200  rank-and- 
file,  commanded  by  the  governor  in  person,  having  with  him 
Major  Torrens,  the  commandant  of  the  battalion,  quitted  the 
lines  to  oppose  the  landing ;  but  finding  that  the  enemy  had 
already  disembarked,  the  marines  were  ordered  to  fall  back 
upon  the  forts  to  avoid  being  outflanked. 

A  division  of  200  Danish  seamen,  under  Lieutenant  Hol- 
stein,  had  in  the  meanwhile  gained  the  heights,  and  were 
advancing  cheering,  when  a  fire  from  Massarene  Battery 
obliged  them  to  retire  with  precipitation  to  the  beach,  and 
to  abandon  a  small  battery  which  they  had  taken,  and  which 
was  quickly  regained  by  the  British,  in  good  order  and  with- 
out loss.  As  the  day  opened,  the  Danish  flotilla  was  ob- 
served to  have  taken  a  position  within  gun-shot  of  the  works, 
upon  which  a  signal  was  made  to  Captain  Baker,  in  the  Tar- 
tar, that  the  enemy  had  landed,  and  that  the  gun-boats  had 
begun  the  cannonade.  The  Tartar  and  Sheldrake  weighed 
from  the  north  side  of  the  island  as  soon  as  the  firing  was 
heard  ;  but  Captain  Maurice  annulling  the  Sheldrake's  sig- 
nal, the  Tartar  proceeded  alone  ;  but  having  to  stand  off 
some  distance  to  get  round  the  shoals,  it  was  a  long  time 
before  she  could  be  brought  to  act. 

The  main  body  of  the  Danes  had  by  this  time  crossed  the 
island,  and  taken  post  on  the  northern  side,  under  shelter  of 
the  sand-hills,  and  a  detachment,  consisting  of  150  men,  ad- 
vanced in  a  very  gallant  manner  to  the  assault ;  but  the  fire 
from  Forts  Yorke  and  Massarene  kept  them  in  check,  and 
although  repeatedly  rallied,  were  at  length  driven  back. 
Lieutenant  Holstein's  division  on  the  south  side  having 
brought  up  a  field-piece,  which  enfiladed  Massarene  Battery 
with  some  effect,  Major  Melstedt,  the  commander-in-chief, 
encouraged  by  the  apparent  success  of  this  step,  ordered  the 
main  body  to  advance,  and  a  general  assault  to  take  place. 


1811.]  DEFENCE    OF   ANHOLT.  357 

Major  Melstedt  was  killed  by  a  musket-ball  while  gallantly 
leading  on  bis  men  ;  the  next  in  command,  Captain  Reydez, 
had  both  his  legs  shot  off,  and  the  brave  Holstein  was  killed 
shortly  afterwards.  The  incessant  fire  from  the  batteries, 
and  also  from  the  Anholt  schooner,  Lieutenant  Henry  Lor- 
raine Baker,  which  had  anchored  close  to  the  shore  on  the 
flank  of  the  Danes,  in  a  little  time  drove  them  from  the  shel- 
ter of  the  sand-hills,  and  finding  it  impossible  to  advance  or 
retreat,  they  held  out  a  flag  of  truce,  and  offered  to  surren- 
der upon  certain  terms.  Captain  Maurice,  however,  would 
hear  of  nothing  short  of  an  unconditional  surrender,  which, 
after  some  deliberation,  the  Danes  acceded  to. 

The  Danish  gun-boats  observing  the  approach  of  the 
Tartar,  immediately  made  off  to  the  westward,  and  the 
troops  on  the  south  side  having  then  no  means  of  retreat, 
also  laid  down  their  arms.  These,  with  the  troops  on  the 
north,  side,  amounted  to  520  men,  exclusive  of  twenty-three 
wounded.  The  remaining  half  of  the  invaders  fled  towards 
the  west  end  of  the  island,  where  they  succeeded  in  regain- 
ing the  gun-boats  and  transports.  The  Tartar  and  Shel- 
drake pursued  the  gun-boats,  and  the  latter  overtook  and 
captured  one  boat,  manned  with  sixty  seamen,  and  mounting 
two  long  24-pounders  and  four  brass  howitzers  ;  and  another, 
mounting  two  1 8-pounders  and  four  howitzers,  with  a  crew  of 
sixty-four  men.  A  third  gun-boat  was  sunk  by  the  brig's 
shot.  The  Tartar  captured  two  boats,  laden  with  stores  and 
provisions.  The  Danish  loss  amounted  in  the  whole  to 
thirty-five  killed  and  twenty-three  wounded.  The  British, 
notwithstanding  the  severity  of  the  service,  had  only  two 
men  killed,  and  Major  Torrens  and  thirty  men  wounded. 
The  naval  medal  has  been  limited  to  those  borne  on  the 
books  of  Anholt  Island. 

On  the  30th  of  March,  the  38-gun  frigate  Pomone,  Captain 
Robert  Barrie ;  36-gun  frigate  Unite,  Captain  Edward  H. 
Chamberlayne  ;  and  the  18-gun  brig  Scout,  Commander 
Alexander  R.  Sharpe,  arrived  off  the  Bay  of  Sagone,  Corsica, 
in  which  were  lying  the  French  26-gun  store-ships  Giraffe 
and  Nourrice,  in  company  with  a  large  merchant-ship,  timber 
laden,  bound  to  Toulon.  Although  the  enemy's  ships  were 
protected  by  a  4-gun  and  mortar  battery  and  a  martello 
tower,  and  by  some  of  the  guns  of  the  Giraffe,  landed  for  the 


358  BELLE-POULE   AND   ALCESTE   AT  PARENZA.         [1811. 

purpose,  as  well  as  by  200  troops  assembled  on  the  neigh- 
bouring heights,  the  British  ships,  towed  by  their  boats,  pro- 
ceeded to  the  attack.  At  6h.  p.m.  the  squadron  opened  their 
broadsides,  and  at  7h.  30m.  p.m.  the  Giraffe,  bearing  a  com- 
modore's pendant,  and  in  a  short  time  the  Nourrice  also, 
were  observed  to  be  on  fire.  The  merchant-ship  became 
involved  in  the  same  ruin,  upon  which  the  Pomone  and  con- 
sorts were  towed  out  of  reach  of  danger  from  the  explosions. 
At  Sh.  oOni.  the  Giraffe,  and  shortly  afterwards  the  Nourrice, 
blew  up,  and  some  of  the  burning  timbers  from  the  latter 
falling  on  the  martello  tower,  entirely  demolished  it,  and  the 
sparks  setting  fire  to  the  battery  below,  it  was  also  de- 
stroyed. In  performing  this  service,  the  Pomone  had  two 
men  killed,  and  ten  seamen,  seven  marines,  and  two  boys 
wounded.  On  board  the  Unite,  Midshipman  Richard  Good- 
ridge  and  two  men  were  wounded  ;  and  in  the  Scout,  Lieu- 
tenant William  Neame  severely,  her  boatswain  (James 
Stewart),  and  one  seaman,  slightly  wounded  ;  making  a  total 
of  two  killed  and  twenty-five  wounded. 

On  the  4th  of  May,  at  lOh.  a.m.,  the  38-gun  frigates  Belle- 
Poule  and  Alceste,  Captains  James  Brisbane  and  Murray 
Maxwell,  being  off  the  coast  of  Istria,  chased  a  French 
1 8-gun  brig  into  the  harbour  of  Parenza.  Having  received 
information  that  a  vessel  of  the  brig's  description  was  ex- 
pected at  Ragusa  with  supplies  for  the  French  frigates 
Danae  and  Flore,  Captain  Brisbane  resolved  to  attempt  her 
capture.  Accordingly,  the  Belle-Poule,  followed  closely  by 
the  Alceste,  stood  within  a  cable's  length  of  the  rocks,  at  the 
entrance  of  the  harbour,  and  opened  fire  upon  the  brig,  and  a 
battery  under  which  she  lay,  and,  after  an  hour's  cannonade, 
compelled  the  brig  to  haul  on  shore,  under  the  town,  out  of 
gun-shot.  At  the  close  of  day  the  frigates  anchored  about 
five  miles  from  the  shore,  and  Captain  Brisbane  determined, 
as  the  easiest  method  of  destroying  the  brig,  to  take  posses* 
sion  of  the  island  at  the  mouth  of  the  harbour.  At  lh.  p.m., 
therefore,  the  boats  of  the  two  frigates,  containing  200  sea- 
men and  100  marines,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenants  John 
M'Curdy  and  Richard  B.  Board  man,  and  Edmund  A. 
Chartres  and  Arthur  Morrison,  of  the  marines,  Midshipmen 
Hamilton  Blair,  Charles  M.  Chapman,  Edward  Finlay, 
Henry  Maxwell,  John  Hall,  and  Arthur  Grose,  of  the  Belle- 


1811.]  ACTION    OFF   MADAGASCAR.  359 

Poule ;  and  Lieutenants  John  Collman  Hickman  and 
Rickard  Lloyd,  Howard  Moore,  acting  master,  and  Midship- 
men James  Adair,  Charles  Croker,  and  Thomas  Redding,  of 
the  Alceste,  landed  and  took  quiet  possession  of  the  island. 
By  5h.  p.m.  on  the  5th,  a  battery  of  two  howitzers  and  two 
9 -pounders  was  constructed  on  a  commanding  eminence,  and 
a  field-piece  was  also  placed  on  the  left  to  divide  the  atten- 
tion of  the  enemy.  Soon  after  daylight  the  enemy  opened  a 
cross  fire  from  four  different  positions,  which  was  returned 
by  the  British  with  great  vigour,  during  five  hours.  By  this 
time,  however,  the  brig  was  cut  to  pieces  and  sunk ;  and 
this,  their  principal  object,  accomplished,  the  party  re- 
embarked  with  their  gims,  but  not  without  losing  Richard 
Kelly,  gunner  of  the  Belle-Poule,  and  three  men  killed,  and 
having  four  men  wounded.  The  above  is  a  naval  medal 
boat  action. 

On  the  6th  of  May  a  French  squadron  arrived  off  Isle 
de  la  Passe,  under  Commodore  Roquebert,  consisting  of  the 
40-gun  frigates  Renommee,  Clorinde,  and  Nereide,  each 
having  on  board  200  soldiers,  which  had  been  despatched 
from  Brest  to  the  relief  of  the  Isle  of  France,  the  news  of 
the  capture  of  that  island  not  having  reached  France.  On 
their  arrival  within  five  miles  of  the  island,  being  suspicious 
of  the  event  which  had  happened,  a  boat  from  each  ship -was 
sent  to  reconnoitre.  The  Renommee's  boat  succeeded  in 
gaining  full  information,  but  the  other  boats  were  detained. 
The  frigates  then  made  sail  to  the  eastward,  and  in  the 
course  of  the  day  were  chased  by  the  18-pounder  3  6 -gun 
frigates  Phcebe  and  Galatea,  Captains  James  Hillyar  and 
"Woodley  Losack;  and  18-gun  brig  Racehorse,  Commander 
James  De  Rippe,  part  of  a  squadron  detached  from  the  Cape 
station  to  intercept  them.  Expecting  to  be  joined  by  the 
38-gun  frigate  Astrea,  Captain  Charles  M.  Schomberg, 
nothing  was  done  towards  bringing  the  enemy  to  action. 

The  crew  of  the  Galatea,  annoyed  that  more  vigorous 
measures  were  not  pursued  (the  enemy  being  at  this  time 
apparently  within  reach),  went  aft  in  a  body  and  requested 
Captain  Losack  to  bring  the  French  frigates  to  action.  This, 
though  a  highly  irregular  step,  Captain  Losack  so  far  at- 
tended to,  as  to  go  on  board  the  Phcebe  to  make  known, 
their  wishes  to  Captain  Hillyar.     On  the  9th,  the  Astrea 


360  ACTION    OFF   MADAGASCAR.  [1811. 

hove  in  sight  to  leeward,  and  the  Phoebe  and  Galatea,  in 
bearing  up  to  join  her,  lost  sight  of  the  enemy. 

Commodore  Roquebert,  thus  left  to  himself,  resolved  to 
attempt  the  surprise  of  some  post  on  the  Isle  of  Bourbon, 
and  on  the  night  of  the  11th  arrived  off  that  island  ;  but  the 
heavy  surf  breaking  near  the  intended  place  of  landing 
induced  this  plan  to  be  given  up.  The  French  squadron 
then  made  sail  for  Madagascar,  and  on  the  19th  of  May 
arrived  off  Tamatave,  and  the  British  garrison,  consisting 
only  of  100  men  of  the  22nd  regiment,  most  of  whom  were 
sick,  fell  an  easy  prey  to  the  squadron.  Captain  Schom- 
berg,  judging  this  to  be  the  direction  taken  by  the  enemy, 
shaped  his  course  accordingly,  and  on  the  morning  of  the 
20th  gained  sight  of  the  squadron.  At  noon  the  French 
ships  formed  in  the  following  order  on  the  larboard  tack — 
Clorinde,  Renommee,  ISereide — and  stood  along  the  land  to 
windward  of  the  British,  which,  close-hauled  on  the  star- 
board tack,  were  endeavouring  to  get  up  with  them.  At 
4h.  p.m.  the  Astrea,  the  leading  ship,  being  nearly  a  mile 
ahead  of  her  consorts,  and  abreast  of  the  Renommee,  was 
fired  at  by  that  ship,  and  subsequently  the  Phoebe  and 
Galatea  were  also  engaged.  The  Astrea,  after  passing  the 
Nereide,  endeavoured  to  tack  ;  but  the  concussion  of  the 
firing  having  dispelled  the  light  air  of  wind,  the  Astrea 
missed  stays,  and  was  unable,  it  appears,  to  wear.  The 
French  commodore  finding  one  of  the  British  ships  thus  in 
irons,  took  advantage  of  it,  and  bearing  up  with  the  Renom- 
mee and  Clorinde,  and  taking  stations  on  the  stern  and 
quarter  of  the  Phoebe  and  Galatea,  opened  a  very  severe  fire 
upon  them ;  the  Nereide  at  the  same  time  keeping  up  a 
distant  cannonading  with  the  Astrea.  After  a  time,  a  slight 
revival  of  the  breeze  having  wafted  the  Clorinde  and  Renom- 
mee down  upon  the  Galatea,  that  ship  had  to  bear  the 
brunt  of  the  action,  and  was  severely  handled.  The  Phoebe 
and  Astrea  meanwhile  became  engaged  with  the  Nereide, 
but  the  Racehorse  took  little  or  no  part  in  the  action. 

The  Galatea's  two  opponents — the  Clorinde,  under  her 
stern,  and  the  Renommee  on  her  starboard  quarter — keep- 
ing their  broadsides  to  bear  by  the  aid  of  the  boats,  rendered 
the  situation  of  that  frigate  very  critical ;  but  after  having 
two  boats  sunk  by  shot,  in  endeavouring  to  get  her  broad- 


1811.]     CAPTURE  OF  RENOMMEE  AND  NEREIDE.        361" 

side  to  bear  upon  her  assailants,  she  at  length,  by  getting 
sweeps  out  of  the  head,  was  enabled  to  open  her  broadside 
upon  the  Renonimee,  and  partially  upon  the  Clorinde  also. 
The  situation  of  the  Nereide,  however,  and  a  light  breeze 
springing  up,  induced  the  Galatea's  opponents  to  proceed  to 
the  assistance  of  their  consort.  This  was  at  a  little  before 
8h.  p.m.,  so  that  for  three  hours  the  Galatea  had  been  ex- 
posed to  the  fire  of  two  powerful  enemies.  So  serious  were 
the  Galatea's  damages,  that,  on  being  hailed  by  the  Astrea, 
Captain  Losack  stated  the  ship  to  be  in  too  disabled  a  state 
to  chase  the  enemy,  now  making  off  to  the  northward.  Her 
fore  and  mizen-topmasts  were  gone,  foremast,  mainyard, 
main-topmast,  and  bowsprit  in  a  precarious  state,  scarcely  a 
shroud,  stay,  or  rope  uncut,  and  near  four  feet  water  in  her 
hold,  with  more  than  sixty  of  her  crew  killed  and  wounded. 

The  Astrea,  Phoebe,  and  Racehorse,  however,  had  not 
received  much  damage,  and  were  enabled  to  overtake  and 
capture  the  Renommee  at  a  little  past  lOh.  p.m.,  and  this 
ship  was  taken  possession  of  by  a  boat  from  the  Phoebe. 
The  Astrea  and  Phoebe  continued  until  2h.  a.m.  on  the  21st 
to  follow  the  Clorinde,  without  avail ;  but  the  Nereide, 
greatly  shattered,  reached  Tamatave,  where  she  was  soon 
afterwards  captured. 

The  damages  of  the  Astrea  were  immaterial,  and  her  loss, 
out  of  a  crew  of  271  men  and  boys,  amounted  to  two  seamen 
killed,  and  the  first  lieutenant,  John  Baldwin,  and  fifteen 
wounded.  The  fore-topmast  of  the  Phcebe  fell  just  after 
discontinuing  the  chase  of  the  Clorinde,  besides  which,  her 
lower  masts  and  bowsprit  were  badly  wounded,  and  her  sails 
and  rigging  much  cut.  Her  loss  amounted  to  seven  seamen 
killed ;  and  John  Wilkey,  midshipman,  and  nine  men 
severely,  one  mortally,  and  sixteen  men  slightly  wounded. 
Total  :  seven  killed ;  one  mortally,  and  twenty-three 
severely  and  slightly  wounded.  The  state  of  the  Galatea's 
spars  and  rigging  has  been  already  mentioned :  in  her 
hull  were  fifty-five  shot-holes,  and  her  stern  was  much 
damaged.  Her  loss  was  as  follows  :  First  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Hugh  Peregrine,  eight  seamen,  and  five  marines 
killed  ;  and  two  seamen  mortally  wounded,  Captain  Losack 
severely  by  a  splinter,  Second  Lieutenant  of  marines  Henry 
Lewis,  and  twelve  seamen,  and  five  marines  severely,  and 


362  SCYLLA   AND    CANONNIERE.  [1811. 

her  first  lieutenant,  Thomas  Bevis,  Henry  Williams,  and 
Alexander  Henning,  midshipmen,  seventeen  seamen,  four 
marines,  and  three  boys,  slightly  wounded.  Total  :  fourteen 
killed  ;  two  mortally,  nineteen  severely,  and  twenty-seven 
slightly  wounded.  The  enemy's  loss  in  killed  and  wounded 
in  the  Renommee  and  Nereide,  according  to  the  official 
letter  of  Captain  Schomberg,  amounted  in  the  former  to  145 
(including  Commodore  Itoquebert,  killed),  and  in  the  latter 
to  130.  The  first  lieutenants  of  the  Astrea  and  Phoebe 
(John  Baldwin  and  George  Scott)  were  promoted  ;  but 
Lieutenant  Thomas  Bevis  remained  in  the  same  rank  until 
1829.     This  is  a  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  morning  of  the  8th  of  May,  the  18-gun  brig 
Scylla,  Commander  Arthur  Atcheson,  being  off  the  Isle  of 
Bas,  brought  to  action  the  French  10-gun  brig  Canonniere, 
having  a  convoy  of  five  vessels  under  her  protection.  At 
llh.  30m.  the  action  commenced,  and  at  llh.  45m.,  being 
close  to  the  Portgalo  Rocks,  off  Morlaix,  and  finding  it  to  be 
the  intention  to  run  the  Canonniere  on  shore,  Captain  Atche- 
son (although  the  Scylla  was  going  at  the  time  eight  knots) 
laid  her  alongside,  and  in  about  three  minutes  compelled  the 
crew  to  surrender.  Two  men  of  the  Scylla  were  killed,  and 
Midshipman  Thomas  Liven  and  one  man  wounded.  The 
Canonniere  had  her  commander  (Enseigne  de  vaisseau  Schilds) 
and  five  men  killed,  and  eleven  wounded.  One  vessel  of  the 
convoy  was  captured,  but  the  other  four  escaped  by  running 
on  shore. 

A  new  enemy  was  now  about  to  contest  the  dominion  of 
the  seas  with  England.  The  navy  of  the  United  States, 
though  insignificant  taken  as  a  whole,  was  composed  of  large 
and  heavy  frigates.  In  the  year  1794  the  American  govern- 
ment gave  orders  for  building  two  74-gun  ships,  of  1,620 
tons  American  measurement  (equivalent  to  1,750  tons 
English)  ;  and  also  for  one  4  4 -gun  frigate.  The  timbers  were 
prepared  and  set  up,  but  a  more  amicable  footing  having 
been  established  in  reference  to  England,  they  remained  on 
the  stocks  unproceeded  with.  Subsequently,  it  was  deter- 
mined to  finish  the  two  former  as  frigates;  and  this  was 
effected  by  contracting  them  a  little  in  the  beam,  which 
reduced  their  tonnage  to  about  1,530  tons  English  measure- 
ment.    The   first   was   launched   in  1798,  and  named  the 


1811.]  AMERICAN   FORTY-FOUR-GUN   FRIGATES.  363 

United  States,  and  the  second  in  the  same  year,  and  named 
the  Constitution.  They  were  described  as  44-gim  frigates, 
and  for  many  years  their  real  force  remained  a  mystery. 
The  ship  intended  for  a  44-gun  frigate,  although  built 
exactly  upon  the  original  plan,  was  then  nominally  reduced 
to  a  36-gun  frigate.  In  1798,  two  more  44-gun  frigates 
were  built,  and  named  the  President  and  Philadelphia,  but 
the  latter  was  destroyed  by  fire.  "  If  we  consider,"  says 
James,  "  that  it  is  only  to  add  about  four  feet  to  the  extreme 
breadth  of  the  President  to  make  her  a  larger  ship  than  the 
generality  of  British  seventy-fours,  and  that  her  yards  are  as 
square,  and  her  masts  as  stout  as  theirs,  some  idea  may  be 
formed  of  the  size  and  formidable  appearance  of  the  Ameri- 
can 44-gun  frigate.  Having  had  ocular  proof  of  the  manner 
in  which  the  President  was  fitted,  we  shall  take  her  for  our 
guide.  This  beautiful  ship  had  fifteen  ports  and  a  bridle  of  a 
side  on  the  main  deck,  eight  of  a  side  on  the  quarter-deck, 
and  four  of  a  side  on  the  forecastle,  without  reckoning  the 
chase-ports  on  the  forecastle.  This  gave  the  ship  fifty-four 
ports  for  broadside  guns  ;  but  she  had  the  means  of  mount- 
ing sixty-two  broadside  guns.  For  instance,  instead  of  her 
gangway  being  of  the  usual  width  of  four  or  five  feet,  it  was 
ten  feet.  This  deviation  from  the  common  plan  was  to 
allow  room  for  the  carriage  and  slide  of  a  42-pounder-  car- 
ronade ;  and  a  novel  and  ingenious  method  was  adopted  to 
obviate  the  necessity  of  uniting  the  quarter-deck  and  fore- 
castle bulwarks,  and  consequently  of  destroying  that  single- 
decked  appearance  which,  for  the  purpose  of  deception,  it 
was  necessary  to  maintain.  Between  the  quarter-deck  and 
forecastle  bulwarks,  was  the  same  open  or  untimbered  space 
(known  as  the  waist-hammock  netting)  as  in  any  other 
frigate,  but  the  stanchions  for  supporting  the  hammock- 
cloths  were  of  extraordinary  stoutness,  and  so  arranged 
along  the  gangway  as  to  form  ports  for  four  guns,  which 
could  be  as  effectively  mounted  as  any  in  the  ship." 1 

It  does  not,  however,  appear  that  gangway-guns  were 
mounted,  but  two  other  carronades  were  placed  in  the  enter- 
ing port  on  the  quarter-deck,  and  thus  the  American  44-gun 
frigate  actually  mounted  fifty-six  guns.     On  the  main  deck 

1  Naval  History  of  Great  Britain,  vol.  vi.  p.  6. 


364  LITTLE   BELT    AXD    PRESIDENT.  [1811. 

thirty  long  24-pounders  (varying  as  follows :  President, 
eight  feet  and  a  half  in  length,  and  weighing  48 J  cwt.  ; 
in  the  United  States,  nine  feet  and  a  half,  and  in  weight 
50  cwt.  ;  and  Constitution,  ten  feet,  and  weighing  54  cwt.), 
and  on  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle  24-carronades, 
42-poimders,  and  two  long  18-pounders.  Total :  fifty-six 
guns.  The  crew  embarked  numbered  475,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing is  the  analysis  :  "  Officers  and  petty  officers,  eighty  ; 
able  seamen,  180  ;  ordinary,  145  ;  marines,  sixty-five  ;  boys, 
five."  The  distinction  between  the  ordinary  and  able  sea- 
man was  merely  nominal,  and  all  were  men  carefully  se- 
lected. In  fact,  the  American  44-gun  frigates  were  "  line-of- 
battle  ships  in  disguise." 

On  the  16th  of  May,  while  the  20-gun  corvette  Little 
Belt,  Commander  Arthur  B.  Bingham,  was  off  Sandy  Hook, 
steering  to  the  southward,  she  was  discovered  by  the  United 
States  44-gun  frigate  President,  Captain  Charles  Ludlow, 
bearing  the  broad  pendant  of  Commodore  John  Rogers.  At 
lh.  30m.  p.m.,  the  two  ships  being  ten  miles  distant  from 
each  other,  the  President  showed  her  colours,  and  the  Little 
Belt,  having  done  the  same,  supposing  the  stranger  to  be 
British,  made  her  number  and  demanded  the  stranger's ;  buf; 
as  this  could  not  be  complied  with,  Captain  Bingham,  con- 
jecturing the  nation  of  the  frigate,  resumed  his  course  round 
Cape  Hatteras,  followed  by  the  American.  At  6h.  30m.  p.m., 
Captain  Bingham  wishing  before  dark  to  remove  all  doubts 
that  the  stranger  was  a  friend,  hove  to  with  guns  double- 
shotted,  and  hoisted  British  colours.  To  prevent  the  Presi- 
dent from  taking  a  raking  position,  which  her  course  seemed 
to  indicate  an  intention  of  doing,  the  Little  Belt  wore  three 
times,  and  at  8h.  p.m.  was  on  the  starboard  tack,  and  about 
90  yards  from  the  President.  Captain  Bingham  then  hailed 
the  stranger,  but  received  no  answer ;  and  as  the  President 
was  still  advancing,  the  Little  Belt  wore  a  fourth  time,  and 
came  to  on  the  larboard  tack. 

The  President  then  shortened  sail  and  hove  to  on  the 
same  tack,  about  eighty  yards  on  the  weather-beam  of  the 
corvette,  and  Captain  Bingham  again  hailed,  and  asked, 
"What  ship  is  that?"  The  hail  was  repeated,  or  rather 
re-echoed  from  the  American  frigate,  as  was  also  the  ques- 


1811.]  LITTLE   BELT   ANTD    PRESIDENT.  365 

tion,  "  What  ship  is  that  ?"  At  this  instant  a  gun  was  fired 
from  each  ship,  but  whether  by  accident  or  design,  or  from 
which  ship  first,  remains,  and  will  probably  continue  to  be 
involved  in  doubt.  Without  further  parley  a  cannonading 
then  took  place,  which  lasted  about  half  an  hour,  when  the 
Little  Belt,  from  the  loss  of  after-sail,  fell  off  so  that  none  of 
her  guns  would  bear,  and  ceased  firing.  The  President  also 
ceased  firing,  when  Commodore  Rogers  again  hailed  the 
British  vessel,  and  was  told,  what  he  already  was  perfectly 
aware  of,  that  her  opponent  was  a  British  ship  :  but  in  reply 
to  the  question,  "Have  you  struck?"  Captain  Bingham 
answered  in  the  negative. 

The  Little  Belt  had  all  her  masts  badly  wounded,  and  her 
rigging  and  sails  cut  to  pieces.  Out  of  a  crew  of  121  men 
and  boys,  Samuel  Woodward,  midshipman,  and  ten  men  were 
killed  ;  and  acting  Master  James  MacQueen  and  ten  men 
severely,  and  her  boatswain,  James  Franklin,  and  W.  B. 
Hutchings,  midshipman,  and  eight  men  and  boys  slightly 
wounded.  Total  :  eleven  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded. 
The  President,  whose  thick  sides  must  have  been  impervious 
to  the  Little  Belt's  shot,  had  only  one  boy  wounded. 

At  daylight  the  next  morning,  the  President  bore  up  to 
.speak  the  Little  Belt,  and  at  8h.  a.m.  Commodore  Rogers 
sent  a  boat  alongside  with  a  lieutenant  to  express  his  regret 
at  "  the  unfortunate  affair,"  as  it  was  designated,  and  offered 
any  assistance  in  his  power,  which  was  of  course  declined. 
The  President  then  made  sail  to  the  westward,  and  the 
Little  Belt  proceeded  to  Halifax,  which  she  reached  on  the 
28th.  Having  fully  described  the  force  of  the  President,  it 
remains  only  to  state  that  the  Little  Belt's  armament  con- 
sisted of  only  eighteen  carronades,  32-pounders,  and  two  long 
9-pounders. 

On  the  23rd  of  May,  the  32-gun  frigate  Sir  Francis 
Drake,  Captain  George  Harris,  when  lying,  about  13  miles 
to  the  north-east  of  Rembang,  island  of  Java,  discovered  a 
flotilla  of  fourteen  Dutch  gun-vessels,  which  were  so  closely 
pursued,  that  at  7h.  a.m.  five  were  compelled  to  anchor 
under  the  guns  of  the  frigate.  The  others  furled  sails,  and 
pulled  to  windward  to  gain  the  shore,  but  were  pursued  by 
the   ship's   boats  under   the   orders   of  Lieutenant   James 


366  ALACRITY   AND    ABEILLE.  [1811. 

Bradley ;  and  although  the  boarders  were  exposed  to  the  fire 
of  grape  from  several  pieces  of  ordnance,  the  remaining  nine 
vessels  were  captured  without  the  loss  of  a  man. 

On  the  26th  of  May,  the  boats  of  the  16-gun  brig  Sabine, 
Commander  George  Price,  were  detached  under  the  orders 
of  Lieutenant  William  Usherwood,  to  attempt  the  capture 
of  five  French  privateers  at  anchor  under  the  Fort  of  Sabiona, 
near  Cadiz.  Lieutenant  Usherwood  was  assisted  by  Lieu- 
tenant Patrick  Finucane,  and  the  master,  Thomas  Settle  ; 
together  with  some  midshipmen  not  named.  The  privateers 
were  small  fast-sailing  vessels,  each  mounting  two  4-pounders, 
and  having  a  crew  of  twenty-five  men.  Although  the  pri- 
vateers were  moored  under  a  battery,  the  attack  was  so  ably 
planned,  and  gallantly  executed,  that  each  boat  captured  one 
of  the  number  without  loss.  Two  of  the  vessels,  however, 
were  secured  by  a  hawser  fast  to  the  lower  gudgeon  on  the 
stern-post,  by  which  they  were  hauled  on  shore,  and  one 
marine  was  wounded  in  repelling  an  attack  of  the  French 
soldiers.     The  other  three  privateers  were  brought  off. 

On  the  26th  of  May,  at  daylight,  the  18-gun  brig 
Alacrity,  Commander  Nisbet  Palmer,  cruising  off  Cape  St. 
Andrea,  in  the  island  of  Elba,  with  the  wind  moderate  from 
the  eastward,  observed,  about  six  miles  to  the  westward,  the 
French  20-gun  brig  Abeille,  acting  Lieutenant  De  Makau, 
of  which  she  proceeded  in  chase.  The  Abeille  immediately 
hove  to,  hoisted  her  colours,  and  fired  a  gun  in  token  of 
defiance,  and,  as  the  Alacrity  approached  her,  fired  two 
raking  broadsides.  The  French  brig  then  filled  and  tacked, 
and,  having  gained  the  weather-gage,  fired  a  broadside  at 
her  opponent  as  she  passed  on  the  opposite  tack;  then 
bearing  up,  she  ran  under  the  stern  of  the  Alacrity,  raked 
her,  and  hauled  up  on  the  same  tack  (the  larboard)  as  the 
Alacrity,  and  engaged  her  to  leeward.  The  Abeille  being 
exceedingly  well  handled,  managed  to  keep  rather  on  the 
quarter  of  the  Alacrity,  by  which  means  the  latter  made  a 
very  poor  return  to  the  smart  and  vigorous  firing  of  her 
enemy.  The  damaged  state  of  the  Alacrity's  sails  having 
caused  her  to  drop  astern,  the  Abeille  took  a  position  on  her 
starboard  bow.  The  Alacrity  then  endeavoured  to  pass 
under  the  stern  of  the  French  brig,  but  this  the  latter 
avoided  by  bearing  up.     The  two  brigs  being  then  before 


1811.]  BOATS   OF   PILOT   AT   STRONGOLI.  367 

the  wind,  continued  engaging  until  the  Alacrity,  being 
nearly  defenceless,  and  all  her  officers,  except  the  boatswain^ 
either  killed,  wounded,  or  driven  from  the  deck,  hauled 
down  her  colours.  This  was  about  three-quarters  of  an  hour 
from  the  commencement  of  the  action.  The  second  lieu- 
tenant of  the  Alacrity  and  thirteen  seamen  being  absent  in 
a  prize,  her  crew  consisted  of  not  more  than  100  men  and 
boys,  of  whom  the  first  lieutenant,  Thomas  G.  Rees,  and 
four  seamen  were  killed ;  and  her  captain  (slightly),  David 

Laing,  master's  mate, Warren,  midshipman  (mortally), 

William  Turner,  surgeon,  James  Flaxman,  boatswain  (se- 
verely), and  eight  men  wounded.  The  Abeille,  out  of  a  crew 
of  130  men  and  boys,  had  seven  men  killed  and  twelve 
wounded.  Captain  Palmer,  although  slightly  wounded  only 
between  the  thumb  and  forefinger,  died  about  a  month  after- 
wards of  lock-jaw.  A  court-martial  sat  on  board  the  Gla- 
diator, at  Portsmouth,  on  the  30th  of  May,  1814,  for  the 
trial  of  the  surviving  officers  and  crew,  when  the  court 
acquitted  them  of  all  blame,  and  attributed  the  brig's  capture 
to  the  early  loss  of  the  officers,  and  to  the  captain's  not 
returning  to  the  deck  after  his  wound  was  dressed  by  the 
surgeon.  The  court  eulogized  the  conduct  of  James  Flax- 
man,  the  boatswain,  which  indeed  formed  a  noble  contrast  to 
the  dastardly  behaviour  of  more  than  one  of  the  Alacrity's 
officers. 

On  the  26th  of  May,  in  the  morning,  Commander  John 
Toup  Nicolas,  in  the  18-gun  brig  Pilot,  observing  four 
settees  on  the  beach  almost  immediately  under  the  town  of 
Strongoli,  near  the  entrance  of  the  Gulf  of  Taranto,  despatched 
her  boats  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenants  Alexander  Camp- 
bell and  Francis  C.  Annesley,  the  master,  Roger  Langland, 
Master's  Mate  Heniy  P.  Simpson,  Midshipman  John  Barnes, 

md  Scotten,  the  carpenter,   to   endeavour   to  bring 

them  off.  The  Pilot  at  the  same  time  anchored  as  near  to 
the  shore  as  the  shoal  water  would  permit.  In  spite  of  the 
opposition  offered  by  a  large  body  of  mounted  gendarmes, 
foot  soldiers,  and  militia,  the  party  effected  a  landing,  and, 
ifter  dislodging  the  enemy  from  an  advantageous  position, 
shree  of  the  vessels  were  brought  off,  and  the  fourth  de- 
stroyed. This  service  was  performed  without  the  loss  of  a 
nan,  and  with  only  one  wounded. 


368  GUADALOUPE   WITH    TACTIQUE   AND    GUEPE.       [1811. 

On  the  27th  of  June,  while  the  lG-gun  brig  Guadaloupe, 
Commander  Joseph  S.  Tetley,  was  cruising  off  Cape  Creus, 
on  the  north  coast  of  Spain,  two  strange  sail  were  observed 
to  leeward,  which  proved  to  be  the  French  18-gun  brig 
Tactique  and  8-gun  xebeck  Guepe.  Captain  Tetley, 
determined  on  engaging,  continued  to  bear  down  on  the- 
enemy,  which,  under  French  colours,  awaited  the  Guada- 
loupe's  approach.  At  a  little  before  lh.  p.m.,  the  starboard 
broadside  of  the  Tactique  was  fired  at  the  Guadaloupe,  but 
the  latter  continuing  to  stand  on,  passed  under  the  stern  of 
the  French  brig,  and  raked  her  with  considerable  effect,  after 
which  she  stationed  herself  on  the  Tactique's  lee-beam,  and 
a  smart  action  ensued,  in  which  the  xebeck  joined.  At 
lh.  30m.  the  crew  of  the  Tactique  attempted  to  board,  but 
they  were  repulsed  with  great  slaughter.  The  action  con- 
tinued until  2h.  15m.,  when  the  Tactique  bore  up  for  the 
batteries  of  St.  Andre,  whither  the  Guepe  had  preceded  her. 
The  Guadaloupe,  in  her  gallant  encounter,  suffered  much  in 
sails  and  rigging  ;  but  had  only  one  man  killed,  and  the  first 
lieutenant  and  nine  men  severely,  and  several  slightly 
wounded.  It  was  subsequently  ascertained  that  the  loss  of 
the  Tactique  amounted  to  eleven  killed,  and  sixteen  mor- 
tally, and  thirty-two  dangerously  and  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  4th  of  July,  at  daylight,  the  boats  of  the  Unite, 
Captain  Edwin  H.  Chamberlayne,  cruising  on  the  Italian 
coast,  were  sent  away  to  cut  out  an  armed  brig  at  anchor  off 
Port  Hercule.  The  officers  employed  on  this  service  were, 
Lieutenant  Joseph  W.  Crabb,  Lieutenant  of  marines  George 
Victor,  and  Michael  Dwyer,  Henry  Collins,  and  Duncan 
Hutchinson,  master's  mates.  On  the  approach  of  the  boats, 
the  brig,  which  was  the  St.  Francois-de-Paule,  mounting 
eight  guns,  and  protected  by  a  battery  of  two  8-pounders 
on  the  beach,  opened  fire  on  the  boats.  The  light  winds 
preventing  the  ship  from  approaching  to  co-operate,  Lieute- 
nant John  M'Dougal  was  sent  with  the  launch  to  support 
the  other  boats ;  but  before  his  arrival,  the  brig  was  cap- 
tured, and  out  of  range  of  the  fire  from  the  battery. 

At  9h.  a.m.  the  18-gun  brig  Cephalus,  Commander  Augustus 
W.  J.  Clifford,  having  joined  company,  both  stood  along  the 
coast  in  search  of  an  enemy.  At  oh.  p.m.  several  vessels  ^yere 
seen  near  Civita  Vecchia,  upon  which  Commander  Clifford, 


1811.]  BOAT   ACTIONS    IN   THE   ADRIATIC.  369 

whose  acquaintance  with  the  coast  was  good,  offered  to  lead 
into  the  anchorage,  and  take  charge  of  the  boats,  should 
Captain  Chamberlayne  require  their  services.  The  Cephalus 
accordingly  stood  in,  and  anchored  under  a  battery  of  four 
8-pounders,  where  she  was  soon  joined  by  the  Unite.  The 
French  were  driven  from  their  guns  by  the  united  fire  of  the 
British  ships,  after  which  the  boats  brought  away  three  mer- 
chant vessels,  in  the  face  of  a  smart  fire  of  musketry  from 
the  shore.  The  master  of  the  Cephalus,  Isaac  Simon,  was 
the  only  person  wounded. 

On  the  21st  of  July,  the  32-gun  frigate  Thames,  Captain 
Charles  Napier,  joined  the  Cephalus  off  Porto  del  Infreschi, 
into  which  the  latter  had  on  the  day  previously  driven  a 
French  convoy  of  twenty-six  sail.  Followed  by  the  Thames, 
the  Cephalus  entered  the  harbour,  and  both  ships  opened  fire 
on  eleven  French  gun-boats  and  a  felucca,  mounting  between 
them  six  long  1 8-pounders,  two  carronades,  and  three  brass 
and  two  iron  6-pounders,  and  manned  with  280  men.  The 
enemy's  fire  was  soon  silenced,  and  while  the  boats  under 
Commander  Clifford  took  possession  of  the  vessels,  the  ma- 
rines, commanded  by  Lieutenant  David  M'Adam,  landed, 
and  stormed  a  martello-tower,  making  an  officer  and  eighty 
men  prisoners.  This  service  occupied  in  its  execution  about 
two  hours,  and  was  attended  with  no  other  casualty  than 
Hood  Douglas,  boatswain,  and  three  men  of  the  Cephalus, 
wounded.  The  Thames  and  Cephalus,  with  all  the  prizes 
in  company,  and  thirty  large  spars  intended  for  the  ships  of 
war  building  at  Naples,  then  got  underway,  and  proceeded 
to  sea. 

On  the  27th  of  July,  the  boats  of  the  Active,  Captain 
James  A.  Gordon,  at  anchor  off  the  town  of  Ragosniza,  in 
the  Adriatic,  were  despatched,  under  Lieutenants  William 
Wilmot  Henderson,  George  Haye,  and  Robert  Gibson,  Lieu- 
tenant of  marines  John  Mears,  and  Master's  mates  and  Mid- 
shipmen Charles  Friend,  Henry  Law,  Redmond  Moriarty, 
Norwich  Duff,  William  Simpkins,  Joseph  Cammilleri,  Na- 
thaniel Barwell,  Charles  Bentham,  George  Moore,  William 
Woods,  and  William  T.  Robinson,  to  attack  a  convoy  of , 
twenty-eight  vessels,  laden  with  grain  for  the  garrison  of 
Ragusa.  The  entrance  to  the  creek  in  which  the  vessels  had 
taken  shelter  being  very  narrow,  and  commanded  by  three 

VOL.    II.  2  B 


370  STORMING   FORT   MARRACK.  [1811. 

gun-boats,  Lieutenants  Henderson,  Haye,  and  Mears,  and 
Mr.  Friend,  with,  the  small-arm  men  and  marines,  landed  on 
the  right  bank,  to  take  possession  of  a  hill,  leaving  Lieute- 
nant Gibson  to  attack  the  gun-boats,  as  soon  as  the  precon- 
certed signal  announced  that  the  shore  party  had  reached 
the  desired  point.  Lieutenant  Henderson  and  his  party 
gained  the  hill,  and  after  making  the  signal,  repaired  to  ren- 
der assistance,  if  necessary,  to  Lieutenant  Gibson ;  but  the 
attack  of  that  officer  on  the  gun-boats  had  been  so  vigorous, 
that  their  crews  jumped  overboard,  and  escaped  to  the  shore. 
The  guns  of  these  vessels  were  then  turned  upon  the  enemy, 
and  the  whole  convoy  was  captured  without  the  loss  of  a 
man  to  the  British,  and  with  only  four  wounded  in  the  boats. 
Ten  of  the  vessels  were  set  on  fire,  and  the  remainder,  with 
the  gun-boats,  brought  off. 

On  the  25th  of  July,  Lieutenant  Edmund  Lyons,  in  com- 
mand of  the  launch  and  cutter  of  the  74-gun  ship  Minden, 
having  been  ordered  to  land  some  Dutch  prisoners  at  Batavia, 
conceived  the  bold  design  of  gaining  possession  of  a  strong 
fort  at  the  north-east  extremity  of  Java.  An  attack  had  been 
meditated  with  the  boats  of  the  squadron  cruising  off  Batavia, 
which  had  been  laid  aside  in  consequence  of  the  great  strength 
of  its  garrison,  but  Lieutenant  Lyons,  with  two  boats  and 
thirty-five  officers  and  men,  voluntarily  undertook  a  service 
for  which  450  men  had  been  deemed  insufficient.  This  offi- 
cer, however,  was  one  of  those  who  accompanied  Captain  Cole 
in  his  assault  of  Fort  Belgica,1  and  it  was  not  a  trifle  which 
would  deter  him  from  putting  such  a  design  in  execution. 

On  the  27th  of  July  the  prisoners  were  landed ;  and  on 
the  29th,  Lieutenant  Lyons,  having  reconnoitred  the  fort, 
took  shelter  under  a  point  of  land  until  night  should  conceal 
his  advance.  At  a  little  past  midnight,  just  as  the  moon  was 
sinking  below  the  horizon,  the  boats  quitted  their  hiding- 
place  and  pulled  for  the  battery,  which  mounted  fifty-four 
pieces  of  heavy  ordnance,  and  was  garrisoned  with  180 
soldiers.  The  hopes  entertained  of  taking  the  enemy  by 
surprise  were  quickly  dissipated  by  the  sentinels  on  the  walls, 
who,  perceiving  the  approach  of  the  two  boats,  fired  their 
muskets  to  alarm  the  garrison  ;    but  undaunted   by  this, 

1  See  page  325. 


■1811.]  STORMING    FORT   MARRACK.  371 

Lieutenant  Lyons  ran  the  boats  aground,  notwithstanding 
the  heavy  surf,  close  under  the  embrasures  of  the  lower  tier 
of  guns.  In  a  few  minutes  the  little  band  found  themselves 
in  possession  of  the  lower  battery,  three  of  its  defenders 
having  been  killed  in  the  act  of  putting  matches  to  their 
guns.  Lieutenant  Lyons  then  formed  his  men,  and,  leadino- 
them  on,  carried  the  upper  battery ;  but,  on  reaching  the 
hill,  found  the  Dutch  troops  drawn  up  to  oppose  them.  The 
British  sailors,  after  filing  a  volley,  rushed  on  to  the  charge, 
Lieutenant  Lyons  calling  out  that  he  had  400  men,  and 
would  give  no  quarter ;  upon  which  the  Dutch  fled,  panic- 
stricken,  through  the  postern  gateway  in  the  rear  of  the  fort. 
At  lh.  a.m.  a  fire  was  opened  on  the  fort,  from  a  small  bat- 
tery in  the  rear,  and  from  two  gun-boats,  which  was  returned 
by  a  few  men,  while  the  others  were  employed  in  spiking 
and  destroying  the  remaining  guns. 

An  attack  was  then  made  by  a  battalion  of  Dutch  troops, 
which  were  permitted  to  approach  unmolested  until  they  had 
reached  the  gate  of  the  fort,  when  two  24-pounders,  loaded 
with  grape  and  musket-balls,  fired  by  Lieutenant  Lyons  and 
Mr.  T.  Langton,  committed  such  havoc,  that  the  enemy  fled  in 
great  disorder.  Taking  advantage  of  this  favourable  moment, 
Lieutenant  Lyons  withdrew  his  party,  carrying  with  liim  the 
Dutch  colours ;  and  as  the  barge  was  bilged,  the  whole  em- 
barked in  the  cutter,  and  returned  to  their  ship,  without  the 
loss  of  a  man,  and  with  only  one  midshipman,  Thomas  Lang- 
ton,  and  three  seamen  slightly  wounded.  Another  midship- 
man, Charles  H.  Franks,  then  only  fifteen  years  of  age,  dis- 
tinguished himself  greatly  on  this  occasion,  and,  in  the  face 
of  a  heavy  fire,  hoisted  a  British  ensign  on  the  flagstaff  of 
Fort  Marrack,  which  was  left  flying  when  the  daring  party 
left.  Lieutenant  Lyons,  having  undertaken  this  service 
wholly  upon  his  own  responsibility,  lost  for  a  time  the 
reward  of  his  temerity,  but  his  gallantry  was  nevertheless 
properly  appreciated  on  the  arrival  of  Bear- Admiral  the 
Hon.  Bobert  Stopford  at  Java.1 

The  island  of  Java  and  its  dependencies  capitulated  on  the 
ISth  of  September,  after  a  series  of  gallant  exploits  and 

1  The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  Eear- Admiral  Sir  Edmund 
Lyons,  Bart.  G.C.B.,  who  thus  distinguished  himself  as  a  lieutenant,  and 
to  the  survivors  of  his  daring  band. 

2  b2 


372 


CAPTURE   OF    JAVA. 


[1811. 


numerous  skirmishes,  in  which  the  seamen  and  marines  bore 
an  ample  share.  The  fleet  employed  under  Rear-Admiral 
Stopford  consisted  of  the  following  : — 


Guns.        Ships, 
j  Scipion 


7-1 


Illustrious 


I  Minden    

64     Lion 

44     Akbar 

(  Nisus    -. 

Pre"sidente    

Hussar 

Phaeton    

Leda     ... 

j  Caroline   . . 

Frigates  -J  Modeste   

Phoebe 

Bucephalus 

Doris    

Cornelia    

Psyche" 

^  Sir  Francis  Drake 
f  Procris 

Barracouta  

Hesper      

Sloops  ■{  Harpy  ._ 

I  Hecate     

I  Dasher     

L  Samarang     


\  Rear-Ad.  Hon.  Robert  Stopford  (red) 
(  Captain  James  Johnson 
\  Commodore  Wm.  Robt.  Broughton 
I  Captain  Robert  W.  G.  Testing 
Edw.  Wallis  Hoare 

„         Henry  Heathcote 

„         Henry  Drury  (act.) 

„         Philip  Beaver 

,,  Samuel  Warren 

„         James  C.  Crawford 

„         Fleetwood  B.  R,  Pellew 

„         George  Sayer 

„  Christopher  Cole 

„         Hon.  George  Elliot 

,,         James  Hillyar 

,,  Charles  Pelley 

„         Wm.  Jones  Lye 

„         Henry  Folkes  Edgell 

„         John  Edgecumbe 

„  George  Harris 

Commander  Robt.  Maunsell 

„         Wm.  Fitzwilliam  Owen 

„         Barrington  Reynolds 

,,         Henderson  Bain 

,,         Henry  John  Peachey 

„         Benedictus  M.  Kelly 

„         Joseph  Drury 


together  with  eight  cruisers  of  the  Honourable  East-India 
Company's  service,  and  transports,  in  all  nearly  100  sail. 
The  troops  were  8,000  strong,  under  the  command  of  Major- 
General  Wetheral  and  Colonel  Robert  E.  Gillespie.  The 
loss  sustained  by  the  navy  was  as  follows  : — eleven  seamen 
and  four  marines  killed,  and  Captain  Edward  Stopford  (right 
arm  shot  on),  Lieutenant  Francis  Noble,  Lieutenants  of 
marines  Henry  Elliot  and  John  S.  Haswell,  John  D.  Worthy 
and  Robert  G.  Dunlop,  master's  mates,  twenty-nine  seamen, 
and  twenty  marines  wounded,  and  three  seamen  missing ;  and 
the  loss  sustained  by  the  army  amounted  to  141  killed,  733 
wounded,  and  thirteen  missing  ;  making  a  total  loss  of  156 
killed,  788  wounded,  and  sixteen  missing.  The  naval  medal 
has  been  granted  to  all  present  during  the  operations. 


1811.]  REDUCTION   OF    MADURA.  373 

The  following  gallant  affair  took  place  during  the  operations 
antecedent  to  the  final  subjugation  of  Java.  The  Sir  Francis 
Drake,  Captain  George  Harris,  having  been  despatched  with 
the  Phaeton,  Captain  Pellew,  and  Dasher,  Commander 
Kelly,  to  intercept  two  French  frigates,  known  to  be  in  the 
neighbourhood,  were,  on  the  29th  of  August,  lying  at  anchor 
off  Madura,  of  which  island  Captain  Hams  determined  to 
attempt  the  capture.  Commander  Kelly,  in  the  Dasher, 
accordingly  proceeded  to  seek  an  anchorage  as  near  as 
possible  to  the  town  of  Samanap,  the  capital  of  the  island, 
accompanied  by  the  boats  of  the  Sir  Francis  Drake  and 
Phaeton,  under  the  command  of  the  respective  captains.  On 
the  30th,  at  daylight,  the  expedition  entered  the  channel 
between  the  east  end  of  Madura  and  Pulo  'I  Lanjong,  and  at  a 
little  past  midnight  landed  unobserved,  about  three  miles 
from  the  fort.  At  lh.  30m.  a.m.  on  the  31st,  the  party, 
consisting  of  about  150  men,  reached  the  fort  before  being 
perceived,  of  which,  after  a  warm  but  ineffectual  resistance, 
they  became  masters,  although  it  was  garrisoned  with  between 
300  and  -400  Madura  pikemen,  and  mounted  sixteen  guns. 
Daylight  made  visible  French  colours  hoisted  at  the  east  end 
of  the  town,  and  also  the  natives  assembling  in  great  numbers ; 
upon  which  Captain  Harris  ordered  Captain  Pellew,  with 
100  small-arm  men  and  one  brass  field-piece,  landed  from  the 
ship,  to  proceed  with  a  flag  of  truce  and  a  message  to  the 
governor,  calling  upon  him  to  surrender  the  island,  and  pro- 
mising that  private  property  should  be  respected.  The 
message  was  conveyed  to  the  governor  by  John  William 
Oldmixon,  midshipman,  who  received  for  answer,  that  unless 
the  British  evacuated  the  fort  within  ten  minutes,  and 
quitted  the  island,  the  whole  should  be  put  to  the  sword.1 
This  announcement  proceeding  from  a  person  at  the  head  of 
about  2,000  armed  men,  drawn  up  in  an  advantageous 
position,  and  protected  by  four  field-pieces,  was  not  to  be 
disregarded;  but  it  had  not  the  desired  effect.  Captain 
Harris  determined  to  make  the  attack,  and  having  ordered 
Captain  Pellew  to  advance,  he,  with  seventy  small- arm  and 
twenty  pike  men,  leaving  a  reserve  of  forty  or  fifty  men  in 
the  fort,  sailed  out,  and  dashed  on  at  the  left  wing  of  the 

1  A  very  animated  account  of  the  proceedings  of  this  gallant  party 
will  be  found  in  the  United  Service  Journal  for  April,  1840. 


374  BOATS   OF   QUEBEC,    ETC.    IN   THE   JAHDE.  [1811. 

enemy.  The  move  was  attended  with  complete  success,  for  in 
a  short  time  the  Dutch  governor  (whose  acknowledged  force 
was  300  muskets,  sixty  artillerymen,  and  near  2,000  pike- 
men,  each  armed  with  a  long  pike,  a  pistol,  and  a  creese)  was 
observed  to  break  his  line,  and  draw  off  two  field -pieces,  in 
order  to  oppose  the  advance  of  Captain  Harris's  division. 
Both  British  columns  at  about  the  same  time  fired  a  volley, 
and  for  five  minutes  a  sharp  firing  was  kept  up  ;  but  as  the 
British  continued  to  advance  undauntedly,  the  Dutch  gave 
way,  and  an  animated  charge  routed  them,  and  left  the 
British  in  possession  of  the  colours  and  guns.  The  governor 
and  several  other  Dutch  inhabitants  were  also  secured  ;  but 
Captain  Harris  accepted  a  flag  of  truce  from  the  Rajah  of 
Samanap,  and  gave  up  his  prisoners,  on  the  condition  that- 
none  of  the  people  of  the  district  should  again  take  arms 
against  the  British.  This  success  was  followed  by  the 
subversion  of  French  authority  in  Madura  and  the  adjacent 
islands. 

The  loss  in  effecting  this  service  amounted  to  three  men 
killed  and  twenty-eight  wounded.  Amongst  the  latter  was 
Lieutenant  of  marines  George  Roach,  who  was  twice  speared 
while  gallantly  endeavouring  to  wrest  the  colours  from  a 
French  officer.  He  further  distinguished  himself  while 
Captain  Harris  was  negotiating  with  the  rajah,  by  destroying, 
at  the  head  of  the  marines,  a  fort  mounting  twelve  guns, 
situated  at  the  mouth  of  the  river  leading,  it  was  supposed, 
to  the  town  of  Samanap.  The  loss  sustained  by  the  enemy 
could  not  be  correctly  ascertained,  but  included  the  principal 
officer  of  the  native  troops  and  his  two  sons,  a  tolerable 
proof  that  the  victory  was  not  achieved  over  unresisting 
men. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  as  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
32-gun  frigate  Quebec,  Captain  Charles  Sibthorpe  Hawtayne, 
16-gun  brig  Raven,  Commander  George  G.  Lennock,  gun- 
brigs  Exertion  and  Redbreast,  Lieutenants  James  Murray 
ancl  Sir  George  M.  Keith,  baronet,  and  hired  armed  cutters 
Alert  and  Princess  Augusta,  were  cruising  off  Texel,  infor- 
mation of  some  Danish  gun-brigs  was  received,  which 
induced  Captain  Hawtayne  to  despatch  ten  boats  from  the 
squadron,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Samuel  Blyth, 
containing  117  seamen  and  marines,  to  cut  them  out.     In 


1811.]  HAWK  AND  FRENCH  CONVOY.  375 

the  boats  were  the  following  officers  : — Lieutenants  Samuel 
Blyth,  John  O'Neale,  Samuel  Slout,  Charles  Wolrige,  and 
Thomas  Hare  (sub-lieutenant)  ;  Master  George  Downey  ; 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Humphrey  Moore ;  Master's  mates 
Robert  Cook  and  John  McDonald  ;  Richard  Millet,  midship- 
man, John  Muggridge,  pilot,  and  Stephen  Pickett,  carpenter. 
On  the  2nd  the  boats  entered  the  river  Jahde,  and  the  same 
afternoon  came  in  sight  of  the  gun-brigs,  four  in  number,  lying 
at  anchor  within  the  island  of  Nordeney,  armed  with  one 
long  12,  and  two  long  6  or  8-pounders  each,  and  manned  with 
a  crew  of  twenty-five  men.  The  boats  were  received  with  a 
severe  fire  of  grape  and  canister ;  but  Lieutenant  Blyth,  in 
the  Quebec's  barge,  pulling  rapidly  towards  the  first,  was  in 
a  short  time  upon  her  deck,  killing  one  man  and  wounding 
two  others  in  the  struggle.  Mr.  Muggridge,  who  was  in  the 
.same  boat,  was  opposed  by  two  soldiers,  one  of  whom  he  shot 
dead,  but  the  second  wounded  him  in  the  throat  with  a 
bayonet,  and  his  life  was  only  preserved  by  his  falling  over- 
board. He  was  picked  up  by  the  next  boat.  Lieutenant 
Blyth  having  gained  possession  of  the  first  gun-brig,  and 
other  boats  arriving  to  his  assistance,  he  turned  her  guns 
upon  the  three  remaining  vessels,  which  he  was  enabled  to 
do  with  comparative  impunity.  Unfortunately,  however, 
the  ammunition,  winch  was  on  the  deck,  accidentally  took  fire, 
and  killed  or  wounded  nineteen  persons,  including  Lieutenant 
Blyth,  who  was  blown  overboard.  This  officer  had  previously 
been  wounded  in  the  shoulder.  The  action,  notwithstanding 
this  accident,  was  proceeded  with,  and  in  ten  minutes  all 
three  vessels  were  taken  possession  of,  they  having  had  two 
men  killed  and  ten  wounded. 

In  addition  to  the  loss  by  the  explosion,  the  British  had 
two  men  killed  and  nine  wounded,  including  Lieutenants 
Blyth  and  Slout,  and  Muggridge  and  Millet.  Lieutenant 
Slout  died  of  his  wounds  a  few  days  afterwards.  Of  those 
who  suffered  by  the  explosion,  three  died  the  next  day,  and 
several  were  very  badly  scorched,  including  Lieutenant 
Moore,  of  the  marines.  The  prizes  were  all  carried  off,  and 
Lieutenant  Blyth  received  his  dearly-bought  promotion  to  a 
commander's  rank  on  the  5th  of  September.  This  is  a  naval 
medal  boat  action. 

On  the  19th  of  August,  at  2h.  p.m.,  the  16-gun  brig  Hawk, 


37 G  DIANA    AND    SEMIRAMIS    IN   THE   GIRONDE.        [1811. 

Commander  Henry  Bourcliier,  when  about  six  leagues  to  the 
eastward  of  St.  Marcouff,  came  in  sight  of  a  convoy  steering 
for  Barfleur.  These  vessels  were  protected  by  three  gun- 
brigs  and  two  large  luggers,  which  vessels  hauled  out  from 
the  convoy  to  attack  the  Hawk.  At  5h.  30m.  p.m.  the  action 
commenced,  within  pistol-shot,  between  the  Hawk  and  her 
five  enemies,  and  was  maintained  with  great  spirit  for  some 
time  ;  but  eventually  two  of  the  brigs,  the  two  luggers,  and 
fifteen  sail  of  the  convoy  were  driven  on  shore.  Having  pur- 
sued them  closely,  the  Hawk,  in  the  act  of  wearing,  also 
took  the  ground ;  but  after  an  hour's  exertion  in  lightening 
her,  during  which  time  her  crew  were  exposed  to  a  fire  of 
artillery  and  musketry  from  the  shore,  she  was  got  afloat, 
and  anchored  to  repair  her  damages.  Commander  Bourcliier 
at  night  despatched  the  boats,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
David  Price,  assisted  by  the  master,  John  Smith,  and  gunner, 
Thomas  "Wheeler,  to  endeavour  to  bring  out  or  destroy  the 
vessels,  which  service  was  accomplished  in  a  highly  creditable 
manner.  The  brig  Heron,  pierced  for  sixteen  guns,  but 
mounting  only  ten,  together  with  three  large  transports, 
laden  with  ship-timber,  was  brought  out.  The  Hawk's  loss 
amounted  to  one  seaman  killed  and  four  wounded.  Com- 
mander Bourcliier  was  promoted  on  the  22  nd,  and  the  naval 
medal  has  been  granted  to  the  surviving  participators. 

On  the  24th  of  August,  as  the  frigates  Diana  and  Semira- 
mis,  Captains  William  Ferris  and  Charles  Richardson,  were 
standing  in  towards  the  Cordouan  light-house,  five  sail  were 
descried  at  the  mouth  of  the  Gironde,  which  consisted  of  four 
merchant  vessels  under  convoy  of  the  (late  British)  gun-brig 
Teazer,  Lieutenant  J.  A.  Papineau.  Captain  Ferris,  aware 
of  the  impracticability  of  an  open  attack,  had  recourse  to 
stratagem,  and  accordingly  stood  in  for  the  river  under 
French  colours  (the  Diana,  with  a  commodore's  pendant  fly- 
ing), and  made  the  signal  for  a  pilot.  The  commander  of  the 
Teazer,  deceived  as  to  the  character  of  the  two  ships,  at 
4h.  30m.  p.m.  hoisted  her  colours  and  fired  a  gun  to  leeward, 
as  a  signal  for  a  friend,  which  was  promptly  repeated  by  the 
frigates.  The  battery  on  Pointe  cle  la  Coubre,  at  6h.  p.m., 
fired  a  few  shot  at  the  frigates,  but  Lieutenant  Papineau,  as 
the  Teazer  ran  under  the  battery,  hailed  and  told  the  com- 
mandant that  the  frigates  were  the  Pallas  and  Elbe,  from 


1811. J         TEAZER  AND  CONVOY  CAPTURED.  377 

Rochfort,  when  tlie  battery  ceased  firing.  At  6h.  30m.  a 
pilot-boat  came  alongside  the  Diana,  and  the  crew  beino- 
handed  up,  the  boat  was  veered  astern  as  usual.  At  7h.  the 
frigates  anchored  off  Pointe  de  Grave,  between  the  Cordouan 
and  Royan,  under  the  batteries  of  which  latter  point  and  of 
Verdon  lay  the  Teazer,  in  company  with  the  lG-gun  brig 
Pluvier,  commanded  by  the  captain  at  the  port,  M.  A. 
Dubourg. 

As  soon  as  the  night  closed  in,  Captain  Ferris  despatched 
the  boats  of  the  two  frigates,  commanded  by  Lieutenants 
Francis  Sparrow  (Diana)  and  Thomas  Gardiner  (Semiramis), 
having  with  them  Lieutenant  George  B.  Roper  and  William 
Holmes,  master's  mate,  of  the  Diana,  and  Lieutenants  Percy 
Grace  and  Robert  Nicholson,  and  Timothy  Renou,  master's 
mate,  of  the  Semiramis,  to  cut  out  the  merchant  vessels  which 
had  proceeded  about  four  miles  up  the  river.  The  tide,  how- 
ever, delayed  the  execution  of  the  service,  and  at  daylight  on 
the  25th  the  boats  had  not  returned.  Captain  Ferris  now 
determined  to  attack  the  two  brigs,  which  remained  below, 
with  the  frigates,  and,  accordingly,  at  Gh.  a.m.  both  ships 
weighed  and  steered  for  Verdon  Road.  As  a  proof  of  the 
strength  of  the  deception  practised,  Captain  Dubourg  went 
alongside  the  Diana  in  his  boat,  and  did  not  discover  his  mis- 
take until  having  ascended  to  the  quarter-deck.  While  the 
Semiramis  stood  towards  the  Pluvier,  the  Diana  laid  the 
Teazer  on  board,  the  frigate's  lower  yards  carrying  away  the 
brig's  topgallant-masts.  Lieutenant  Robert  Parsons  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Lewis  P.  Madden,  Mark  P.  Noble, 
boatswain,  and  about  thirty  seamen  and  marines,  then 
jumped  on  board,  and,  without  the  loss  or  injury  of  a  man 
on  either  side,  gained  entire  possession  of  the  brig.  The 
Pluvier,  observing  the  fate  of  the  Teazer,  cut  her  cables  and 
made  sail  for  the  beach,  where  she  grounded  near  to  the  bat- 
tery of  Royan.  The  Semiramis,  having  approached  as  near 
as  the  tiepth  of  water  would  permit,  anchored  with  a  spring 
on  her  cable  ;  and  the  boats,  having  in  the  meanwhile  re- 
turned from  capturing  the  convoy,  Lieutenant  Gardiner 
boarded  and  carried  the  Pluvier,  in  doing  which  himself  and 
two  seamen  were  wounded.  The  prize  being  hard  and  fast 
aground,  and  the  ebb-tide  making,  Captain  Richardson  took 
out  the  crew  and  set  the  brig  on  fire.     The  Semiramis  then 


378  ACTIONS   WITH   BOULOGNE   FLOTILLA.  [1811. 

joined  the  Diana,  and  that  ship  as  well  as  the  Teazer  and 
captured  vessels  were  soon  out  of  reach  of  the  batteries.  At 
lh.  30m.  p.m.  the  Pluvier  blew  up,  thereby  putting  the  finish 
to  a  very  gallant  and  well-executed  service. 

On  the  2nd  of  September,  being  off  the  coast  of  Norway, 
the  10-gun  brig  Chanticleer  and  gun-brig  Manly,  Comman- 
der Richard  Spear  and  Lieutenant  Richard  W.  Simmonds, 
were  attacked,  and  the  latter,  after  an  obstinate  defence,  in 
which  she  had  one  man  killed  and  three  wounded,  captured 
by  the  Danish  18-gun  brigs  Lolancl,  Alsen,  and  Sampsoe. 
Lieutenant  Simmonds,  being  subsequently  tried  for  the  loss 
of  the  brig,  was  honourably  acquitted,  and  complimented  by 
the  president  on  his  behaviour. 

On  the  3rd  of  September  a  very  creditable  action  was 
fought  off  Boulogne  by  the  10-gun  brigs  Rinaldo  and  Red- 
pole,  Commanders  James  Anderson  and  Colin  Macdonald, 
with  four  12- gun  prames,  four  gun-brigs,  and  seven  lugger- 
rigged  gun-boats.  After  engaging  them  for  some  time,  the 
latter  regained  their  anchorage  in  Boulogne  Bay. 

On  the  7th  of  September,  the  28-gun  frigate  Barbadoes, 
Captain  Edward  Rushworth,  and  16-gun  brig  Goshawk, 
Commander  James  Lilburn,  fell  in  with  seven  French  gun- 
brigs  off  the  French  coast,  each  mounting  three  long 
24-pounders  and  a  mortar,  and  manned  with  seventy-five 
men.  These  were  attacked  by  the  British  ships  and  chased 
into  Calvados,  and  one  of  them  driven  on  shore.  On  the 
8th  the  36-gun  frigate  Hotspur,  Captain  the  Honourable 
Josceline  Percy,  arrived  off  Calvados,  and  stood  in  to  the 
attack  of  the  brigs.  At  6h.  p.m.,  when  within  less  than  half 
gun-shot,  the  Hotspur  grounded ;  but  by  her  fire  sunk  one 
gim-brig  and  drove  two  ashore.  As  the  Hotspur,  during 
this  time,  was  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  vessels,  a 
battery,  and  some  field-pieces,  she  sustained  considerable 
damage  in  her  hull,  masts,  and  rigging,  and  a  loss  of  William 
Smith  and  Alexander  Hay,  midshipmen,  two  seamen,  and 
one  boy  killed;  and  nineteen  seamen  and  three  marines 
wounded. 

On  the  6th  of  September,  early  in  the  morning,  the  18-gun 
brig  Pilot,  Commander  John  Toup  Nicolas,  observed  a  ketch 
secured  to  the  walls  of  the  fort  of  Castellan.  The  brig  im- 
mediately stood  in  and  anchored  close   to  the  town,  and 


1811.]  ACTIONS   WITH   BOULOGNE    FLOTILLA.  379 

having  by  her  fire  driven  away  the  troops  collected  on  the 
beach,  despatched  the  boats,  under  Lieutenant  Alexander 
Campbell,  to  bring  out  the  vessel.  This  officer  gallantly 
landed  under  the  castle  walls,  and,  after  some  opposition, 
advanced  to  the  town,  and  set  the  ketch  on  fire.  The  party 
returned  on  board  laden  with  corn  and  flax,  not  having  met 
with  any  loss. 

On  the  20th  of  September,  at  noon,  while  the  38-gun 
frigate  Naiad,  Captain  Philip  Carteret,  was  lying  at  anchor 
in  Boulogne  Roads,  Bonaparte  was  observed  to  embark  in 
his  barge,  and  proceed  on  board  the  centre  prame  of  his  in- 
vasion flotilla,  and  afterwards  to  visit  other  of  the  vessels  on 
his  return  to  the  shore.  At  lh.  p.m.,  the  wind  being  from  south- 
south-west,  and  a  strong  flood  tide  running,  Rear- Admiral 
Baste,  with  seven  prames,  each  mounting  twelve  guns,  with 
a  crew  numbering  120  men  each,  got  underweigh,  and  steered 
for  the  Naiad,  then  bearing  from  them  nearly  north.  At 
lh.  40m.  the  leading  prame  exchanged  broadsides  with  the 
frigate,  which  remained  at  anchor  with  springs  on  her  cables  ; 
after  which  they  tacked  and  stood  away,  followed  by  the 
other  prames.  About  2h.  ten  brigs,  each  mounting  four 
long  24-pounders,  and  a  sloop,  fitted  as  a  bomb-vessel,  joined 
the  prames  in  cannonading  the  Naiad.  At  3h.  30m.,  it 
being  slack  water,  the  Naiad  weighed,  and  stood  off  on  the 
larboard  tack  ;  and  at  4h.  15m.  the  flotilla  ceased  firing, 
and  retired  to  the  shelter  of  the  batteries  to  the  eastward  of 
Boulogne.  At  7h.  30m.  the  Naiad  anchored  in  her  former 
position,  without  having  sustained  any  loss. 

On  the  21st,  at  7h.  a.m.,  when  the  weather-tide  made,  the 
flotilla,  together  with  some  one-gun  luggers,  got  underway 
and  stood  to  the  westward  on  the  larboard  tack,  in  two 
lines.  The  weathermost  line  consisted  of  three,  and  the  lee 
line  of  four  prames,  the  brigs  and  small  craft  taking  stations 
as  most  convenient.  The  British  squadron  now  consisted  of 
the  Naiad,  10-gun  brigs  Rinaldo  and  Redpole,  18-gun  brig 
Castilian,  Commander  David  Braimer,  and  8-gun  cutter 
Viper,  Lieutenant  Edward  A.  D'Arcey.  The  four  last- 
named  vessels  at  7h.  a.m.  formed  in  line,  and  hove  to  with 
their  colours  hoisted,  awaiting  the  approach  of  the  enemy 
(the  town  of  Boulogne  bearing  south-east  by  east,  distant  six 
miles),  and   at    8h.   30m.  were  joined  by  the  Naiad.     At 


3S0  BOATS    OF    IMPERIEUSE   AT    SALERNO.  [18  LL 

91i.  30m.  the  leading  prame,  bearing  the  admiral's  flag, 
tacked  in  shore  and  fired  her  broadside,  when  the  British 
squadron,  by  signal  from  the  Naiad,  instantly  bore  up 
together  in  chase.  At  lOh.  20m.,  the  Naiad,  having  got 
within  pistol-shot  of  the  enemy,  oj^ened  tire  on  both  sides, 
while  the  Rinaldo  and  Redpole  engaged  the  Ville-de-Lyon, 
the  stemmost  prame  of  the  lee  line.  Finding  it  impossible, 
owing  to  the  shoal  water,  to  overtake  the  French  admiral, 
the  Naiad  wore  round  and  boarded  and  carried  the  Ville-de- 
Lyon,  after  a  very  gallant  resistance,  in  which  the  French 
lost  between  thirty  and  forty  in  killed  and  wounded.  While 
the  Naiad  stood  off  shore  wnth  her  prize  in  tow,  the  Rinaldo, 
Redpole,  and  Castilian,  drawing  less  water,  continued  to 
follow  and  engage  the  rear  of  the  flotilla.  The  two  first 
brigs  got  alongside  the  stemmost  prame,  which  had  been 
next  to  the  Yille-de-Lyon,  and  obliged  her  to  haul  up  for 
the  weather  line  ;  but  being  by  tins  time  in  three  fathoms 
water,  and  within  reach  of  the  batteries,  the  British  brigs 
ceased  firing  and  rejoined  the  Naiad.  The  Naiad  sustained 
but  little  damage  aloft,  but  had  two  seamen  killed,  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  William  Morgan,  James  Dover,  mid- 
shipman, and  twelve  seamen  wounded.  The  Castilian  had 
her  first  lieutenant,  Charles  Cobb,  killed,  and  one  seaman 
severely  wounded,  and  the  Redpole  her  pilot  wounded. 

On  the  11th  of  October,  in  the  morning,  the  38-gun 
frigate  Imperieuse,  Captain  the  Honourable  Henry  Duncan, 
being  off  Possitano,  in  the  Gulf  of  Salerno,  discovered  three 
gun-boats  moored  under  a  strong  batteiy.  At  llh.  A.M. 
the  Imperieuse  anchored  within  range  of  grape,  and  in  a  few 
minutes  sank  one  of  the  boats,  and  silenced  the  fire  of  the 
fort :  but  the  crews  of  the  gun-boats  having  landed  and 
taken  shelter  in  the  fort,  Captain  Duncan  sent  the  boats, 
under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  Eaton  Travers,  with  Lieu- 
tenant of  marines  Philip  Pipon,  to  dislodge  them.  The 
boats  were  assailed  by  a  heavy  fire  of  musketiy  from  the 
battery ;  but  only  thirty  men  with  fifty  stand  of  arms 
remained  in  the  fort  when  they  entered,  the  remainder 
having  escaped.  The  guns  were  thrown  over  the  cliff,  the 
magazine  destroyed,  and  the  two  gun-boats  brought  off. 
One  marine  was  killed  and  two  wounded. 

The  Imperieuse  (having  been  joined  by  the  32-gun  frigate 


1811.]  CAPTAIN   NAPIER   AT    PALINURO.  381 

Thames,  Captain  Charles  Napier),  being  at  anchor,  on  the 
19th,  off  Palinuro,  on  the  coast  of  Calabria,  Captain  Duncan 
•sent  the  boats  under  Lieutenant  Travers,  which  attacked 
and  brought  off  ten  polacres,  laden  with  oil,  although  the 
vessels  were  banked  up  with  sand,  and  defended  by  a  large 
body  of  Neapolitan  troops. 

Captain  Duncan  having  discovered  ten  large  gun-boats 
in  the  harbour  of  Palinuro,  together  with  a  number  of  mer- 
chant vessels,  and  not  considering  his  force  sufficient  to 
attack  them,  despatched  the  Thames  to  Sicily  for  a  rein- 
forcement. On  the  1st  of  November,  in  the  evening,  the 
Thames  rejoined  with  250  men  of  the  G2nd  regiment,  under 
Major  Darby,  and  this  detachment,  together  with  the 
marines  of  both  frigates,  under  Lieutenant  Pipon,  and  a 
party  of  seamen  under  Lieutenant  Travers,  the  whole  com- 
manded by  Captain  Napier,  disembarked  at  the  back  of  the 
harbour.  The  British  then  ascended  the  heights,  which 
they  carried  in  gallant  style,  under  a  heavy  fire  from  the 
French,  and  who,  in  great  force,  in  vain  attempted,  after 
dark,  to  recover  their  loss.  On  the  2nd,  Captain  Napier 
finding  it  to  be  impossible  to  dislodge  the  enemy  from  a 
strong  tower  which  protected  the  gun-boats,  was  recalled, 
and  returned  on  board,  when  both  frigates  ran  close  in  shore, 
sank  two  gun-boats,  and  captured  the  others.  The  two 
ships  afterwards  anchored  close  to  the  fort,  which  was  soon 
silenced,  and  the  garrison  compelled  to  surrender.  Lieute- 
nant Travers  then  marched  in  and  took  possession  of  the 
fort,  the  guns  of  which  were  thrown  into  the  sea,  and  the 
walls  and  ramparts  blown  up.  Six  gun-boats,  twenty-two 
feluccas,  laden  with  oil,  &c,  and  twenty  large  spars,  were 
brought  off.  This  was  effected  on  the  3rd,  until  which  time 
the  British  kept  possession  of  the  heights.  In  performing 
this  very  dashing  and  important  service,  Lieutenant  Kay,  of 
the  62nd,  and  four  men,  were  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Pipon 
and  ten  men  wounded. 

On  the  10th  of  November,  the  lG-gun  brig  Skylark, 
Commander  James  Boxer,  and  12-gun  brig  Locust,  Lieu- 
tenant John  Gedge,  pursued  twelve  French  gun-vessels,  one 
of  which  was  driven  on  shore  near  Calais,  and  a  second,  of 
four  24-pounders  and  sixty  men,  captured.  The  action  took 
place  under  the  enemy's  batteries.     The  promotion  of  Lieu- 


382  PERLEN   WITH    TRIDENT,    ETC.  [1811. 

tenant  Gedge,  for  the  above  action,  entitled  the  survivors  to 
the  naval  medal. 

.  At  daylight  on  the  22nd  of  November,  as  the  38-gun 
frigates  Volontaire  and  Perlen,  Captains  the  Honourable 
George  G.  Waldegrave  and  Joseph  S.  Tetley  (acting),  were 
lying  to  at  the  distance  of  two  leagues  from  Cape  Sicie, 
three  French  line-of-battle  ships  and  two  frigates  made  their 
appearance  in  the  north-west.  At  9h.  a.m.  the  Perlen 
exchanged  several  shot  with  a  French  frigate  on  her  lee 
quarter,  arid,  from  her  peculiar  construction,  being  a  Danish- 
built  ship,  was  enabled  to  bring  several  guns  to  bear  with 
such  effect,  that  at  lOh.  the  French  frigate  bore  away  out 
of  gun-shot.  The  74-gun  ship  Trident  and  Amelie  frigate, 
which  had  meanwhile  been  engaged  with  the  Volontaire, 
then  stood  for  the  Perlen,  and  at  llh.  a.m.  opened  fire 
upon  her.  At  lh.  p.m.,  finding  the  enemy  to  be  overhauling 
the  ship  very  fast,  Captain  Tetley  ordered  the  anchors  to  be 
cut  away ;  but  at  2h.  p.m.  the  French  ships  still  held  their 
own.  The  Trident,  however,  at  about  tins  time,  having 
yawed  to  fire  her  broadside,  lost  ground,  and  shortly  after- 
wards relinquished  the  pursuit.  The  Perlen  had  her  sails 
and  rigging  much  damaged,  but  fortunately  suffered  no  loss. 

On  the  27th  of  November,  the  74-gun  ship  Eagle,  Cap- 
tain Charles  Powley,  cruising  in  the  Adriatic,  chased  the 
French  40-gun  frigate  Uranie,  frigate  Corceyere,  armed  en 
flute,  and  brig  Scemplone,  from  Trieste,  bound  to  Corfu.  At 
7h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  Corceyere  surrendered,  having  lost  her 
fore-topmast  by  the  fire  of  the  British  ship  and  by  press  of 
sail.     The  Uranie  and  brig  escaped. 

On  the  28th  of  November,  while  the  18-pounder  38-gun 
frigates  Alceste  and  Active,  and  32-gun  frigate  Unite, 
Captains  Murray  Maxwell,  James  A.  Gordon,  and  Edwin 
H.  Chamberlayne,  were  lying  at  Port  St.  George,  in  the 
island  of  Lissa,  three  suspicious  sail  were  discovered  to  the 
southward.  The  three  British  frigates,  at  7h.  p.m.,  got 
underway,  and  stood  out  to  sea,  leaving  for  the  protection  oi 
the  island  of  Lissa  a  portion  of  seamen,  and  nearly  the 
whole  of  the  marines  belonging  to  the  three  ships,  together 
with  the  20-gun  ship  Acorn,  Captain  George  Miller  Bligh. 

On  the  29th,  at  9h.  20m.  a.m.,  the  island  of  Augusta  im 
sight,  and  wind  from  south-south-west,  the  Active  made! 
the   signal  for  three   strange   sail,  bearing   east-north-east,; 


1811.]  CAPTURE   OF    POMONE,    ETC.  383 

which  at  lOh.  were  made  out  to  be  frigates,  and  at  first 
supposed  to  be  the  fugitives  from  Captain  Hoste  at  Lissa ; 
but  proved  to  be  the  40-gun  frigates  Pauline  and  Pomone, 
Commodore  Monfort,  ahie,  and  Captain  Rosamel,  and 
frigate-built  2G-gun  store-ship  Persanne,  from  Corfu,  bound 
to  Trieste,  laden  with  iron  and  brass  ordnance  for  the  use 
of  the  French  squadron  and  batteries.  On  perceiving  the 
British  frigates,  the  three  French  ships  hauled  to  the  wind 
on  the  larboard  tack  and  stood  towards  them ;  but  dis- 
covering their  true  character,  bore  up  north-west,  and  set 
studding-sails.  At  llh.,  the  Persanne  being  unable  to  keep 
way  with  the  Pomone  and  Pauline,  bore  up  before  the  wind, 
and  the  Active  was  about  to  follow  her,  but  was  recalled  by 
Captain  Maxwell,  and  the  Unite,  as  the  dullest  sailer, 
ordered  to  go  in  pursuit  of  that  ship.  The  Adceste  and 
Active  then  continued  the  pursuit  of  the  Pauline  and 
Pomone,  and  at  llh.  50m.  the  British  frigates  were  found 
to  be  gaining  in  the  chase.  Captain  Maxwell  about  this 
time  telegraphed  to  the  Active,  "  Remember  the  battle  of 
Lissa."  At  thirty  minutes  past  twelve,  just  as  the  island  of 
Pelagosa  bore  from  the  Alceste  south-west,  distant  five 
leagues,  the  Persanne  was  observed  to  fire  her  stern  chasers 
at  the  Unit§,  and  at  lh.  20m.  p.m.  the  Alceste,  going  at  the 
rate  of  nine  miles  an  hour,  with  the  wind  on  the  larboard 
quarter,  fired  a  shot  at  the  Pomone,  which  ship  immediately 
hoisted  her  colours,  and  fired  a  shot  in  return,  which 
splintered  the  Alceste's  main-topgallant-mast.  The  Pau- 
line being  a  short  distance  ahead  of  her  consort,  also  hoisted 
her  colours  and  a  broad  pendant.  At  lh.  24m.  the  Alceste, 
still  under  a  crowd  of  sail  in  order  to  overtake  the  French 
commodore,  exchanged  broadsides  with  the  Pomone ;  but 
unfortunately,  at  lh.  40m.,  her  main-topmast  was  shot  away, 
the  wreck  falling  over  the  starboard  side,  and  the  Alceste 
consequently  dropped  astern.  Cries  of  "  Vive  l'Empereur  !" 
resounded  from  both  the  French  ships  at  this  mishap,  but 
their  exultations  were  not  of  any  very  long  continuance. 

About  2h.,  the  Active  having  gallantly  shot  ahead  to 
occupy  the  place  of  the  Alceste,  opened  fire  upon  the  star- 
board quarter  of  the  Pomone,  and  soon  brought  that  ship 
to  close  action.  About  2h.  20m.  the  Pauline  hauled  close 
to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  and  stood  for  the  Alceste, 
and  having  taken  a  position  on  her  weather   beam,   these 


384  CAPTAIN    GORDON   WOUNDED.  [1811. 

ships  at    2h.    30m.  became   closely  engaged.      At  3h.  5m. 
the  French   commodore,    observing  that  the  Pomone  was 
osing   ground   with   the  Active,  quitted  the  Alcert*  and 
haulin-  his  wind  on  the  starboard   tack,   crowded   all  sail 
and  cot  away.     The  18-gun  corvette  Kingfisher,  Commander 
EweB  Tritton,  just  at  this  time  hove  in  sight.     The  Active 
bavin-  unavoidably  shot  ahead  of  the  Pomone,  a  cessation  ot 
the  firing  took  place,  and  at  3h.  40m  the  Alceste  ranged  up 
on  the  Pomone's  larboard  beam,  and  opened  her  fire.      Ine 
main  and  mizen  masts  of  the  French  frigate  soon  afterwards 
fell  and  a  union  jack  was  then  shown  in  token  of  surrender. 
The  Alceste,  whose  crew  amounted  to  no  more  than  lJo 
men  and  boys,  had  Charles  Nourse,  midshipman,   and  six 
seamen  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Andrew  Wilson  and  twelve 
men  wounded.     The  Active's  crew  had  also  been  reduced 
to  about  the  same  number,  out  of  which  George  Osborne 
midshipman,  five  seamen,  and  two  marines  were  lolled  ;  and 
Captain  Gordon*  (left  leg  amputated),  Lieutenants  \V  illiam 
B  Dashwood  (arm  amputated)  and  George  Haye,  twenty- 
one  seamen,  and  three  marines  wounded.      The  Pomone  was 
reduced  by  the  Active  s  fire  to  a  sinking  state,  and  her  loss 
out  of  332  men   and   boys,  amounted  to  fifty   killed  and 
wounded,  including  among  the  latter  Captain  Rosamel. 

About  4h.  the  Persanne  received  the  Unites  fire  and 
having  returned  it,  hauled  down  her  colours  The  Lnite 
was  much  damaged  in  masts,  sails,  and  rigging,  but  had  only 
one  man  wounded.  Lieutenants  Dashwood  and  Haye  of 
the  Active,  were  promoted  on  the  19th  of  May ,1812  and 
Lieutenant  Wilson,  of  the  Alceste  on  the  1 7th  of  Sep- 
tember. The  acting  master  of  the  Alceste  Howard  Moore 
who  was  spoken  highly  of  in  Captain  Maxwells  official 
letter,  was  subsequently  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant. 
The  above  is  a  naval  medal  action. 

i  Captain  Gordon  received  his  wound  during  the  heat  of  faction 
The  shot  which  caused  it  came  through  a  port-hole,  grazed  a  carronade 
SmM  off  a  seaman's  leg  before  *^J*£fi?£S2. 
W  it  struck  at  the  knee  joint,  and  severed  it  as  though  done  bj  aUniie. 
If  he  wTsbetng  carried  Low,  he  calmly  directed  Lieutenant  Dashwood 
to  do  hlTbest   and  -ave  similar  advice  to  Lieutenant  Haye,  on  the  man 

IX  in  ^eVrntof  anything  ^^T^t^tT^^^ 
shortlv  afterwards  Lieutenant  Dashwood  had  his  arm  shot  a%\  ay  am 
SSSaSe  succeeded  to  the  command,  and  continued  to  fight  the 
ship  until  the  Pomone's  surrender. 


1812.]  SOUTHAMPTON   AND   AMETHYSTE. 


38o 


1812. 


On  the  2nd  of  February  a  very  severe  action  was  fought 
by  the  12-pounder  3 2 -gun  frigate  Southampton,  Captain  Sir 
James  L.   Yeo,  and  Amethyste,  of  forty-four  guns,  late   a 
French  frigate,  but  at  this  time  in  the  service  of  the  Hay- 
tian  government.     The  Amethyste  was  commanded  by  M. 
Gaspard,  a  noted  privateersman  ;  and  as  upon  examination 
it  was  found  that  his  only  commission  was  one  signed  by 
"  Borgellat,    general-in-chief    of    the    south    of  Hayti,"    Sir 
James  Yeo  considered   himself  under  the  necessity  of  de- 
manding that  the  frigate  should  accompany  the  Southampton 
to  Port  Royal,  Jamaica,  in  order  that  the  admiral  should 
decide   as   to   its   legality.      Compliance   with  his  demand 
being  positively  refused,  at  6h.  30m.  a.m.  the  action  com- 
menced, and  before  7h.  the  main  and  mizen  masts  of  the 
Amethyste  fell,  and  her  state  was  evidently  one  of  despera- 
tion,  but  a  feeble  and  irregular  fire  was  still    maintained. 
At   7h.  45m,   desirous  to  put  an  end  to  the  contest,  the 
Southampton  ceased  firing,  and  Sir  James  Yeo  hailed  to 
know  if  the  frigate,  whose  colours  had  been  shot  away,  had 
surrendered,  and  was  answered  in  the  affirmative.     The  loss 
on  board  the  Haytian  frigate  was  very  great.     Her  crew 
-consisted  of  700  men,  of  almost  every  nation,  of  whom  105 
were    killed   and    120    wounded,    including   Gaspard.     The 
Southampton's  loss  was  one  killed  and  ten  wounded.     The 
Amethyste,    whose  foremast  and  bowsprit  were  also  o-one, 
was  taken  to  Jamaica,  and  subsequently  restored  to  Chris- 
tophe;    but    Sir    James    Yeo's   proceedings  Vere    entirely 
approved  of  by  his  commander-in-chief. 

On  the  13th  of  February,  at  daylight,  the  38-gun  frigate 
Apollo,  Captain  Bridges  W.  Taylor,  chased  off  Cape  Corse 
the  French  frigate-built  20-gun  store-ship  Merinos,  in  com- 
pany with  a  ship-corvette.  The  Apollo  having  closed  with 
the  Merinos,  commenced  a  running  fight,  but  the  latter  did 
not  surrender  until  six  of  her  men  were  killed  and  twenty 
VOL.  ii.  2  c 


386  VICTORIOUS   AND   RIVOLI.  [1812. 

wounded.  The  corvette  effected  her  escape.  In  conse- 
quence of  the  calm  which  prevailed  at  the  termination  of 
the  action,  the  Apollo  was  exposed  for  some  hours  to  the 
fire  of  two  batteries,  but  fortunately  sustained  no  loss. 

On   the  16th  of  February,  the  74-gun  ship  Victorious, 
Captain    John   Talbot,    accompanied   by    the    18-gun   brig 
Weasel,  Commander  John  W.  Andrew,  arrived  off  Venice  to 
watch  the  motions  of  the  French  74-gun  ship  Rivoli,  Com- 
modore Barre,  with  which  some  brigs  of  war  were  lying  at 
anchor   in   the   port.      On  the  21st,  Captain   Talbot   was 
enabled  to  reconnoitre  the  port,   and  at  2h.   30m.    p.m.   a 
brig  was  descried  to  the  eastward,  and  at   3h.  a  large   ship, 
with  two  more  brigs  and  two  settees,  were  also  seen.     The 
ship  was  the  Kivoli,  with  the  brigs  Jena  and  Mercure,  of  six- 
teen guns,  and  the  Mamelouck  of  eight  guns,  and  the  settees 
were&gun-boats;  all  about  twelve  hours'  sail  from  Venice, 
bound  to  Pola,  in  Istria.     The  enemy's  squadron  was  formed 
in  line  of  battle,  the  gun-boats  and  one  brig  ahead,  and  the 
two  other  brigs  astern  of  the  Rivoli.     All  sail  was  instantly 
made  in  chase,  and  at  2h.  30m.  p.m.  on  the  22nd,  the  Rivoli 
having  shortened  sail  to  allow  one  of  the  brigs  to  close, 
Captain  Talbot  directed  the  Weasel  to  bring  the  sternmost 
brig   to  action,  and   accordingly,    at    4h.    15m.,    that   brig 
opened   fire   upon   the   Mercure   within   pistol-shot.     In  a 
short  time  the  Jena,  taking   a   position   on   the  Weasel's 
bow,    also    commenced   firing   at    her,    although   distantly; 
but  'at  about  5h.  the  Mercure  suddenly  blew  up,  and  the 
Jena  crowded  sail  to  get  away.     The  boats  of  the  Weasel 
were   immediately   lowered   in   the   hope    of   rescuing   the 
unfortunate  crew,  but  only  succeeded  in  saving  three  men. 
At    daylight   the    Weasel  regained    sight  of  the  Jena  and 
Manielouck,  and  made  all  sail  in  pursuit,  using  her  sweeps 
occasionally. 

At  4h.  30m.  A.M.,  just  after  the  Weasel  had  begun  to  fire 
on  the  Mercure,  in  the  manner  already  mentioned,  the  Vic- 
torious, having  a  light  breeze  on  her  larboard  beam,  arrived 
within 'half  pistol-shot  of  the  larboard  beam  of  the  Eivoli, 
and  the  two  ships,  with  courses  hauled  up,  but  with  royaU 
set  and  standing  in  towards  the  Gulf  of  Trieste,  furiously 
engaged  for  three  hours.  In  the  early  part  of  the  action 
Captain  Talbot  was  badly  wounded,  and  nearly  deprived  ot 


1812.]  CAPTURE   OF   THE   RIVOLI. 


387 


his  sight  by  a  splinter,  and  obliged  to  quit  the  deck  when 
the  command  devolved  on  Lieutenant  Thomas  Ladd  Peake 
The  Rivoli,  at  about  7h.  30m.,  being  almost  unmanageable  and 
her  guns  nearly  silenced,  and  the  Victorious,  after  her  three 
hours'  action,  also  in  a  disabled  state,  the  Weasel  was  re- 
called m  order  to  render  such  assistance  as  might  be  required 
in  the  event  of  either  ship  taking  the  ground,  they  bein«-  at 
that  time  in  only  seven  fathoms  water.     At  8h   40m  °the 
Weasel,  standing  across  the  bows  of  the  Rivoli  within  musket 
shot,  discharged  her  broadside,  and  wearing  and  tackina  as 
necessary,  repeated  the  manoeuvre  twice,  the  Victorious  in 
the  mean  time  maintaining  a  steady  lire,  which  at  8h  45m 
shot  away  her  opponent's  mizenmast.     At  9h.  the  Rivoli 
fired  a  gun  to  leeward,  and  hailed  to  say  that  she  had  struck 
Port  Legman  then  bore  north-north-west,  about  seven  iniles 
distant. 

The  Victorious  had  her  rigging  cut  to  pieces,  gaff  and 
spanker  boom  shot  away,  topmasts  and  mainmast  badly 
wounded,  boats  destroyed,  and  huU  shattered ;  and  out  of  a 
Se¥nl5f  me?  and  b°JS>  Lieutenant  of  marines  Thomas 
11.  Griffiths  and  twenty-five  seamen  were  killed;  Captain 
lalbot,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Robert  S.  Ashbridge  (mortally), 
William  H.  Gibbons  and  George  H.  Ayton,  master's  mates 
and  Henry  Bolton  and  Joseph  Ray,  midshipmen,  and  ninety- 
three  men  wounded.  Total :  twenty-seven  killed  and  ninety- 
nine  wounded.  The  Weasel  had  not  a  man  hurt  The 
Rivoli,  out  of  810  men,  had  400  killed  and  wounded,  in- 
cluding her  second  captain  and  many  officers.  Her  fore  and 
mam  masts  were  so  much  injured  that  they  fell  a  few  days 
atter  the  action.  J 

The  action  is  one  which  redounds  much  to  the  honour  of 
both  nations  A  gold  medal  was  granted  to  Captain  Talbot 
who  was  a  so  knighted,  Lieutenant  Peake  made  a  com- 
mander, and  Commander  Andrew  advanced"  to  post  rank 
Ihe  Rivoli  was  conducted  in  safety  to  Port  St.  George,  Lissa 
and  subsequently  added  to  the  British  navy  under  the  same 
name.     Ihe  above  is  a  naval  medal  action 

On  the  27th  of  March,  the  10-gun  brig  Rosario  (eight 
18-pounder   carronades   and   two   long   sixes),  Commander 
Booty  Harvey,  chased  a  division  of  the  Boulogne  flotilla  con- 
sisting of  twelve  brigs  and  a  lugger,   standing  along  the 
2c2 


388  HOSARIO    AND    BOULOGNE    FLOTILLA.  [1812. 

"French  coast  near  Dieppe.  Each  of  the  brigs  mounted  three 
long  24-pounders  and  an  8-inch  howitzer,  a«nd  was  manned 
with  fifty  men.  As  the  Rosario  stood  on  to  cut  off  the 
leewardmost  brig,  the  whole,  by  signal  from  the  commodore, 
formed  in  line,  and  severally  engaged  the  British  brig  as  she 
passed  on  the  opposite  tack,  and  when  the  Rosario  luffed  up 
to  cut  off  the  stemmost  brig,  the  remaining  eleven  bore  down 
to  support  their  consort.  The  Rosario,  with  the  signal  flying 
for  an  enemy,  now  bore  up  towards  a  brig  observed  in  the 
offin»;  but  as  soon  as  the  stranger,  which  was  the  16-gun 
briff1  Griffon,  Commander  George  B.  Trollope,  had  answered 
the  signal,  the  Rosario  again  hauled  to  the  wind,  and  at  forty 
minutes  past  noon  recommenced  an  attack  on  the  enemy's 
rear. 

At  lh.  30m.  p.m.  the  Rosario  gallantly  ran  amongst  the 
body  of  the  flotilla,  and  having  damaged  the  running  rigging 
of  two  brigs,  they  fell  foul  of  each  other.  After  engaging 
them  in  this  position  until  they  got  clear,  she  stood  on  for  a 
third  brig,  which,  losing  her  mainmast  and  fore-topmast, 
dropped  her  anchor.  Passing  this  brig,  the  Rosario  drove  the 
next  on  shore.  Two  others  were  then  to  leeward,  not  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile  from  the  shore  ;  and  bearing  up  for  these, 
the  Rosario  ran  the  nearest  on  board  and  quickly  carried  her. 
As  the  Rosario  hauled  off  with  her  prize,  the  Griffon  arrived 
from  the  offing,  and  drove  a  brig  on  shore  near  St.  Aubin, 
where  she  was  protected  from  further  molestation  by  heavy 
batteries.  Commander  Trollope  then  ran  in  shore  of  the 
nine  brigs  at  anchor,  and  in  the  most  gallant  manner  boarded 
and  carried  the  centre  one,  and  taking  her  in  tow,  stood  out 
with  his  prize  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire  from  the  remaining 
eight  brigs,  as  well  as  from  the  batteries.  The  Rosario,  thus 
spiritedly  supported,  now  ran  alongside  the  brig  she  had  dis- 
masted in  the  morning,  which  was  found  to  have  been 
abandoned  by  her  crew ;  and  the  two  brigs  made  sail  with 
their  prizes,  leaving  the  seven  remaining  French  brigs  to 
enter  Dieppe.  The  only  casualty  on  board  the  Rosario  in 
this  most  dashing  performance  was  one  midshipman,  Jonathan 
W.  Dyer,  and  four  men  wounded.  Commander  Harvey  was 
most  deservedly  rewarded  by  promotion,  and  Mr.  Dyer  was 
made  a  lieutenant.  The  naval  medal  is  awarded  to  the 
Rosario  and  Griffon  for  the  above  gallant  achievement. 


1812.]     BOATS  OF  HYACINTH.  ETC.  AT  MALAGA.       389 

On  the  4th  of  April,  the  boats  of  the  Maidstone  frigate, 
Captain  George  Bnrdett,  under  the  command  of  the  first 
lieutenant,  Arthur  McMeekan,  captured,  off  Cape  de  Gatt, 
the  French  privateer  Martinet,  of  two  guns  and  fifty-one 
men.  Lieutenant  McMeekan  was  promoted  for  this  service  ; 
and  those  engaged  with  him  therefore  became  entitled  to  the 
naval  medal. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  the  boats  of  the  74-gun  ship 
Leviathan,  Captain  Patrick  Campbell,  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant  Alexander  Dobbs,  boarded  and  carried  a  French 
privateer  brig,  of  fourteen  guns  and  eighty  men,  lying  in  the 
port  of  Agaye.  The  brig  being  aground,  could  not  be  got 
off,  but  the  boats  succeeded  in  capturing  and  bringing  out 
four  merchant  vessels;  in  performing  which  service,  two 
men  were  killed  and  four  wounded  by  the  fire  from  the 
shore. 

On  the  29  th  of  April,  the  boats  of  a  small  squadron,  under 
Captain  Thomas  Ussher,  in  the  20-gun  ship  Hyacinth  (con- 
sisting of  the  16-gun  sloop  Goshawk,  Commander  James 
Lilburne,  gun-brig  Resolute,  and  No.  16  gun-boat,  Lieu- 
tenants John  Keenan  and  Thomas  Cull  (6) ),  employed  on 
the  coast  of  Malaga,  performed  a  gallant  service.  Several 
swift  row-boats,  under  a  chief  named  Barbastro,  had  com- 
mitted great  ravages  upon  the  merchant  shipping;  and, 
unable  to  decoy  them  out,  Captain  Ussher  determined  to 
attack  them  in  port.  The  expedition  was  commanded  by 
Captain  Ussher  in  person,  assisted  by  Lieutenants  Francis 
B.  Spilsbury  and  Thomas  Hastings,  and  John  Elgar,  purser 
(all  of  the  Hyacinth) ;  Commander  Lilburne,  and  Lieutenants 
Cull,  Keenan,  Allan  Otty,  and  Joseph  Arnold.  At  9h.  p.m. 
the  gun-boat  and  boats  of  the  squadron  started.  The 
entrance  to  the  harbour  was  defended  by  a  battery  on  the 
mole-head,  which  battery  Captain  Ussher  gallantly  attacked 
and  carried.  The  gun-boat  (in  which  Commander  Lilburne 
was  embarked),  and  the  other  boats  then  pushed  on,  boarded 
and  captured  the  row-boats.  The  success,  however,  was 
doomed  to  meet  with  a  drawback.  The  castle  overlooking 
the  harbour  opened  a  heavy  fire  on  the  boats,  which  a  glimpse 
of  moonshine  made  visible,  and  a  French  infantry  regiment 
attacked  the  mole-head  battery  just  as  Captain  Ussher  had 
spiked  the  guns  preparatory  to  its  evacuation.     A  fire  of 


390  RECAPTURE  OF  THE  APELLES.  [1812. 

musketry  was  also  opened  from  the  mole-wall,  by  which 
Commander  Lilburne  was  killed,  just  as  Captain  XJssher  had 
reassumed  the  command  afloat.  Thus  assailed  from  all  sides, 
the  prizes,  with  the  exception  of  Barbastro's  vessel  and  the 
Napoleon,  were  abandoned.  The  latter  were  brought  off. 
The  loss  amounted  to  fifteen,  including  Commander  Lilburne, 
killed  ;  and  fifty-three,  including  Lieutenants  Spilsbury  and 
Arnold,  wounded.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  for  the  above 
action. 

On  the  3rd  of  May,  Commander  Alexander  Cunningham, 
in  the  10-gun  brig  Bermuda,  having  been  informed  that  the 
brigs  Skylark  and  Apelles,  Commanders  James  Boxer  and 
Frederick  Hoffman,  were  on  shore  near  Boulogne,  weighed 
from  under  Dungeness,  in  company  with  the  Rinaldo,  Com- 
mander Sir  William  G.  Parker,  and  stood  over  for  the  French 
coast.  On  the  4th,  at  daybreak,  the  Apelles  (which  in  the 
meanwhile  had  been  captured  by  the  French  and  got  afloat) 
was  seen  running  along  the  land,  under  jury-masts,  and  at 
9h.  a.m.  the  British  vessels  drove  her  on  shore  under  a 
battery ;  but  the  falling  tide  obliged  them  to  stand  off  again. 
At  2h.  30m.  p.m.  the  18-gun  brig  Castilian,  and  14-gun 
schooner  Phipps,  Commanders  David  Brainier  and  Thomas 
Wells,  having  joined,  the  Bermuda,  followed  in  the  line  of 
battle  by  the  other  vessels,  stood  in  under  the  battery,  and, 
in  succession,  fired  their  broadsides  into  the  Apelles.  The 
boats  of  the  squadron,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
Thomas  Saunders,  of  the  Bermuda,  then  pushed  for  and 
boarded  the  Apelles  ;  and  although  exposed  to  a  heavy  fire 
of  grape  and  musketry  from  the  shore,  the  brig  was  got 
afloat  and  brought  off.  Notwithstanding  the  incessant  fire 
kept  up  from  the  shore,  no  one  on  board  the  British  vessels 
was  hurt.  The  officers  and  crew  of  the  Skylark,  after 
destroying  their  vessel  by  fire,  arrived  in  safety  on  board  the 
squadron.  Commander  Cunningham  was  promoted  on  the 
12th  of  August  following. 

On  the  9th  of  May,  the  74-gun  ships  Leviathan  and 
America,  Captains  Josias  Rowley  and  Patrick  Campbell,  and 
18-gun  brig  Eclair,  Commander  John  Bellamy,  fell  in  with 
a  French  convoy  of  eighteen  sail,  which  took  shelter  under 
the  town  and  batteries  of  Languelia.  In  order  to  get  posses- 
sion of  the   batteries,  the  marines  of  both  ships,   250  in 


1812.]        BOATS    OF   LEVIATHAN,    ETC.    AT   LANGUELIA.  391 

number,  were  landed,  under  the  orders  of  Captains  of 
marines  Henry  Bea  (America)  and  John  Owen  (Leviathan), 
and  Lieutenants  John  Neame,  William  B.  Cock,  Paul  K. 
Carden,  and  John  G.  Hill.  In  endeavouring  to  effect  a 
landing,  the  yawl  of  the  America  was  sunk,  and  ten  marines 
and  one  seaman  drowned.  The  remainder  having  landed,  a 
division  under  Captain  Owen  was  ordered  to  advance  upon  a 
5-gun  battery  to  the  eastward,  which  he  most  judiciously  and 
gallantly  attacked  and  carried,  the  French  officer  in  command 
falling  in  its  defence.  In  the  mean  time  the  main  body 
pushed  forward  and  captured  a  battery  adjoining  the  town 
of  Languelia,  which  was  protected  by  a  body  of  infantry, 
posted  in  an  adjoining  wood  and  several  contiguous 
buildings. 

The  Eclair  having  swept  in  close  to  the  beach,  now 
opened  her  fire,  and  in  a  short  time  dislodged  the  enemy 
from  the  houses  skirting  the  shore  ;  after  which  the  boats  of 
the  squadron,  in  which  were  Lieutenants  William  Richard- 
son, Bouchier  Molesworth,  and  Robert  Moodie,  of  the 
America,  and  Alexander  Dobbs  and  Richard  Hambly,  of  the 
Leviathan,  together  with  John  Harvey,  master's  mate,  and 
several  midshipmen,  not  named  in  the  despatch,  then  pro- 
ceeded to  bring  out  the  vessels.  Not  without  great  exertion, 
sixteen  laden  vessels  were  brought  out,  and  two,  being  much 
damaged  by  shot,  were  destroyed.  The  marines  re-embarked 
in  perfect  order,  under  cover  of  the  Eclair's  fire ;  but,  in 
performing  this  gallant  service,  one  serjeant,  and  three 
privates,  and  one  seaman  were  killed  ;  and  eighteen  marines 
and  two  seamen  wounded.  Total  :  killed  and  drowned,  six- 
teen; wounded,  twenty. 

Another  convoy  of  eighteen  vessels  having  assembled  at 
Languelia  and  Alassio,  the  Leviathan,  38-gun  frigate  Impe- 
rieuse,  Captain  the  Honourable  Henry  Duncan,  and  36-gun 
frigate  Curacoa,  Captain  John  Tower,  together  with  the  brig 
Eclair,  disembarked  their  marines,  under  Captain  John 
Owen,  between  the  two  towns.  The  marines  were  scarcely 
formed  on  the  beach  when  they  were  attacked  by  treble 
their  number ;  but  nothing  could  withstand  the  bravery  of 
the  officers  and  men,  who  charged  the  enemy  at  the  point  of 
the  bayonet,  and  ultimately  drove  them  from  the  two 
batteries  into  the  town,  killing  many  and  making  fourteen 


392  DESTRUCTION   OF   FRENCH    FRIGATES   AND  [1812 

prisoners.  After  spiking  nine  guns  and  a  mortar,  and 
destroying  their  carriages,  the  marines  re-embarked  ;  but  as 
the  French  troops  could  not  be  dislodged  from  the  houses,  it 
was  judged  imprudent  to  attempt  to  bring  out  the  vessels,  as 
it  must  have  been  attended  with  a  heavy  loss.  One  seaman 
and  three  marines  were  killed  \  and  Lieutenant  William 
Walpole,  one  seaman,  and  nine  marines  wounded. 

On  the  14th  of  May,  the  32-gun  frigate  Thames,  Captain 
Charles  Napier,  accompanied  by  the  18-gun  brig  Pilot,  Com- 
mander John  Toup  Nicolas,  attacked  the  port  of  Sapri, 
which  was  defended  by  a  strong  battery,  and  a  tower  mount- 
ing two  32-pounders,  and  garrisoned  with  an  officer  and 
thirty-eight  men.  After  battering  the  fort  for  two  hours, 
within  pistol-shot,  the  garrison  surrendered  at  discretion. 
Twenty-eight  vessels,  some  a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the 
shore,  were  launched,  and  the  battery  blown  up  before  sunset. 
The  master,  Roger  Landlands,  on  this  as  on  many  previous 
occasions,  greatly  distinguished  himself ;  and  for  his  skill  and 
gallantry  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant  a  few 
months  afterwards. 

On  the  22nd  of  May,  the  74-gun  ship  Northumberland, 
Captain  the  Honourable  Henry  Hotham,  and  gun-brig 
Growler,  Lieutenant  John  Weeks,  having  been  despatched 
by  Rear-Admiral  Sir  Harry  B.  Neale,  to  cruise  off  L'Orient 
in  search  of  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Arienne  and  Andro- 
maque,  and  16-gun  brig  Mamelouck,  which  had  committed 
great  depredations  upon  English  merchant  vessels,  succeeded 
in  gaining  sight  of  them  off  the  Isle  of  Groix.  After  a  long 
and  most  gallantly-conducted  chase  and  running  fight,  the 
French  ships  (in  a  great  measure  by  the  skilful  pilotage  of 
the  Northumberland's  master,  Hugh  Stewart)  were  driven  on 
shore  upon  a  ridge  of  rocks  inside  the  Graul,  and  although 
protected  by  the  guns  of  a  powerful  battery,  they  were 
destroyed  by  the  fire  of  the  Northumberland  and  Growler. 
The  loss  on  board  the  British  seventy-four,  occasioned  in  part 
by  the  fire  of  the  batteries  along  the  coast,  during  this  chase, 
amounted  to  five  men  killed,  and  Lieutenant  William 
Fletcher,  twenty-two  seamen,  and  five  marines  wounded, 
four  of  them  dangerously,  and  ten  severely.  The  Growler, 
though  very  gallantly  engaged,  sustained  no  loss.  The  com- 
mander of  the  Growler,  and  Lieutenant  John  Banks,  of  the 


1812.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE    DORADE.  39o 

Northumberland,  were  very  deservedly  promoted.  « The  naval 
medal  is  awarded  for  this  action. 

On  the  28th  of  May,  at  7h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  38-gun  frigate 
Menelaus,  Captain  Sir  Peter  Parker,  Bart.,  being  off  Cape 
Sicie,  got  sight  of  a  frigate  and  brig  in  Hieres  Bay,  endea- 
vouring, with  the  wind  at  east-south-east,  to  enter  Toulon 
by  the  Petite  Passe.  All  sail  was  instantly  made  upon  the 
Menelaus  to  cut  them  off,  when  the  enemy's  ships,  which 
were  the  40-gun  frigate  Pauline  and  16-gun  brig  Ecuriel, 
shortened  sail  to  topsails,  and  hauled  upon  a  wind  to  seek  the 
protection  of  the  French  fleet,  of  eleven  sail  of  the  line  and 
six  frigates,  which  had  just  weighed  from  the  road.  As 
soon  as  these  were  sufficiently  advanced,  the  frigate  and  brig- 
bore  up  for  Toulon.  The  Menelaus,  although  the  British 
squadron  under  Pear- Admiral  Hallowell  was  hull  down  to 
leeward,  continued  the  chase,  and  at  9h.  30m.,  when  close 
under  Pointe  Ecampebarion,  opened  fire  within  musket-shot 
on  the  frigate  and  brig.  At  lOh.  a  shot  from  a  battery  cut 
the  fore-topmast  of  the  Menelaus  almost  in  two,  and  obliged 
her  to  wear  and  stand  out  to  sea. 

On  the  4th  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Medusa,  Captain  the  Honourable  Duncan  P.  Bouverie,  under 
the  orders  of  Lieutenant  Josiah  Thompson,  were  sent  to  cut 
out  the  French  store-ship  Dorade,  of  fourteen  guns  and 
eighty-six  men,  lying  in  the  harbour  of  Arcasson.  Although 
the  French  were  fully  prepared,  the  ship  was  boarded  and 
carried  after  a  desperate  resistance,  in  which  twenty-three  of 
her  crew  were  either  killed  or  wounded.  In  endeavouring 
to  bring  out  the  prize,  she  grounded  on  a  sand-bank,  and  it 
being  found  necessary  to  destroy  her,  she  was  set  on  fire  and 
shortly  afterwards  blew  up.  Five  men  of  the  boarding  party 
were  wounded. 

On  the  16th  of  June,  a  small  squadron,  including  the 
18-gun  brig  Swallow,  was  off  the  island  of  St.  Marguerite, 
watching  a  French  convoy,  which  had  sailed  from  Toulon  on 
the  11th  under  the  protection  of  the  16-gun  brig  Renard, 
and  14-gun  schooner  Goeland,  and  some  gun-boats.  At 
daybreak  on  the  16th,  the  Swallow,  Commander  Edward  P. 
Sibly,  being  close  in  shore  and  nearly  becalmed,  the  French 
brig  and  schooner  stood  off  with  a  light  air  of  wind,  for  the 
purpose    of  attacking   her ;  but   at    6h.  a.m.,  the  Swallow 


394:  SWALLOW   WITH    RENARD    AND    GOELAND.  [1812.. 

having  got  •  a  breeze,  was  hauling  towards  thern  to  hasten  on 
the  action,  when  the  Renard  and  Goeland  endeavoured  to 
s^ain  the  anchorage  in  Frejus  Bay.     At  a  little  past  noon  on 
the  same  day,  the  French  vessels  having  received  on  board  a 
number   of  volunteers,  and  also  a  detachment  of  soldiers, 
again  stood  out  with  the  intention  of  attacking  the  Swallow  ; 
and   at    lh.   p.m.   the   Swallow,  on  the  larboard  tack,   was 
enabled  to  pass  the  Renard  on  the  starboard  tack,  and  at 
thirty  yards'  distance  gave  her  a  broadside  ;  then  veering 
round  under  the  stern  brought  her  to  action  to  leeward. 
The  schooner  was  able  to  take  up  an  effective  position  and 
called  the  Swallow  much.    After  several  ineffectual  attempts 
by  the  French  to  board,  and  the  action  having  lasted  forty 
minutes,  the  brig  and  schooner  crowded  all  sail  and  took 
shelter  under  the  heavy  batteries  which  lined  the  shore.  The 
Swallow,  in  her  gallant  encounter,  out  of  109  men  had  six 
killed  and  seventeen  wounded,  including  among  the  latter 
the  purser,  Eugene  Ryan,  who  had  gallantly  volunteered  his 
services   on   deck.      The   loss   of  the  Renard,  out  of  180, 
including  volunteers  and  troops,  amounted  to  fourteen  killed, 
and  twenty-eight,  including  Lieutenant  Baudin,  wounded. 
The  loss  on  board  the  Goeland  is  not  stated.     In  his  official 
letter,  Captain  Sibly  mentioned  in  high  terms  of  approbation 
his  first  lieutenant,  Daniel  O'Shea,  acting  Lieutenant  John 
Theed,    the    master,    James    Crocker,    and    Master's   mate 
Thomas  Cole. 

On  the  19th  of  June,  Commander  John  Ross,  in  the 
10-gun  brig  Briseis,  having  been  despatched  to  communicate 
with  the  merchant  ship  Urania,  lying  in  Pillau  Roads, 
finding  her  in  possession  of  a  party  of  French  troops,  des- 
patched the  pinnace,  under  Lieutenant  Thomas  Jones  (2), 
with  William  Palmer,  midshipman,  and  eighteen  men,  to 
bring  her  out.  In  the  face  of  a  smart  fire  from  great  guns 
and  musketry,  the  Urania  was  gallantly  boarded  and  car- 
ried ;  but  in  the  execution  of  tins  service  the  British  had 
one  seaman  killed,  and  Mr.  Palmer  and  one  seaman  slightly 
wounded. 

On  the  18th  of  June  the  American  Congress  formally  de- 
clared war  against  England  ;  and  on  the  21st  Commodore 
Rogers,  then  at  New  York  with  the  President  and  United 
States  (the  latter  commanded  by  Commodore  Stephen  Decatur  \ 


1812.]  BELVIDERA   AND   AMERICAN    SQUADRON.  395 

18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Congress,  18-gun  corvette  Hornet, 
and  16-gun  brig  Argus,  Captains  John  Smith,  James  Law- 
rence, and  Arthur  Sinclair,  received  orders  to  sail.  The  first 
object  of  the  American  commodore  was  to  obtain  possession 
of  the  homeward-bound  West-India  fleet,  which  had  sailed 
under  convoy  of  the  36-gun  frigate  Thalia,  Captain  James  G. 
Vashon,and  18-gun  brig  Reindeer,  Commander Wm.  Manners. 
Having  heard  at  3h.  a.m.  of  the  23rd,  that  this  fleet  had  been 
seen  steering  to  the  eastward,  the  commodore  directed  his 
course  accordingly,  and  would  in  all  probability  have  suc- 
ceeded in  effecting  his  design,  had  he  not  at  6h.  a.m.  gained 
sight,  when  about  thirty-five  miles  south-west  of  Nantucket 
Shoal,  of  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Belvidera,  Captain 
Richard  Byron,  at  this  time  standing  towards  the  American 
squadron.  At  6h.  30m.,  within  six  miles  of  the  squadron, 
Commodore  Rogers  dissipated  any  doubt  which  might  have 
existed  in  Captain  Byron's  mind  as  to  his  intention,  by  haul- 
ing up  on  the  starboard  tack  in  chase.  The  wind  was 
moderate  from  west-north-west,  and  the  President,  the  lead- 
ing ship  of  the  squadron,  bore  from  the  Belvidera  about 
south-west  by  west,  when  the  latter  set  her  larboard  stud- 
ding-sails, and  bore  up  north-east  by  east.  At  llh.  the  wind 
fell  lighter,  and  drew  more  from  the  westward,  and.  at 
llh.  30m.  the  Belvidera  hoisted  her  colours,  as  did  also  the 
Americans,  and  the  two  commodores  their  broad  pendants. 
Captain  Byron  now  made  every  preparation  for  action.  Two 
of  the  main- deck  guns  were  got  aft  to  the  stern  ports  formed 
by  cutting  down  the  cabin  windows,  and  two  carronades 
on  the  quarter-deck  were  pointed  through  the  chase-ports 
abaft.  The  Americans,  but  particularly  the  President,  con- 
tinued to  gain  in  the  chase,  and  the  wind  having  drawn 
more  from  the  southward,  the  ships  were  all  nearly  before  it 
steering  north-east. 

At  4h.  20m.  p.m.  the  President,  being  on  the  larboard 
quarter  of  the  Belvidera,  distant  about  600  yards,  com- 
menced firing  her  bow  guns,  the  first  three  shot  taking 
effect  in  the  Belvidera's  rudder-coat  and  counter.  The 
fourth  shot  struck  the  muzzle  of  the  larboard  chase-gun  on. 
the  main  deck,  and,  breaking  into  several  pieces,  killed  one 
man,  mortally  wounded  another,  severely  wounded  two,  and 
slightly  wounded  Lieutenant  William  Henry  Bruce,  and  two 


396  BELVIDERA   AND    AMERICAN   SQUADRON.  [1812. 

men  standing  beside  him  in  the  act  of  pointing  the  gun.  At 
4h.  25m.  the  Belvidera  opened  fire  upon  the  President,  and 
shortly  afterwards  one  of  the  President's  24-pounders  burst, 
killing  and  wounding  sixteen  persons,  including  Commodore 
Rogers,  and  the  main  and  forecastle  decks  were  so  much 
injured  by  the  explosion,  that  it  was  found,  according  to 
their  own  accounts,  impossible  to  use  them  again.  For  ten 
minutes  the  firing  of  the  President  was  suspended  ;  but 
instead  of  continuing  under  all  sail  steering  a  steady  course, 
which  in  less  than  half  an  hour  must  have  brought  her 
alongside  the  Belvidera,  the  President's  helm  was  star- 
boarded, and  rounding  to,  she  fired  a  broadside,  and 
consequently  lost  nearly  half  a  mile  in  the  chase.  The 
broadside  did  considerable  injury  to  the  sails  and  rigging  of 
the  Belvidera,  but  scarcely  touched  her  hull.  The  most 
serious  difficulty  the  Belvidera  now  experienced  was  the 
breaking  of  the  breeching-bolts,  and  hooks  of  her  chase- 
guns,  by  a  blow  from  one  of  which  Captain  Byron  received 
a  severe  contusion  on  the  leg.  The  alacrity  of  the  British 
crew,  however,  remedied  these  disasters  as  fast  as  they 
occurred,  and  the  firing  was  continued  with  great  spirit  and 
accurate  aim,  Captain  Byron  and  his  first  lieutenant,  John 
Sykes,  directing  the  quarter-deck  carronades,  and  Lieutenants 
Bruce  and  George  Price  Campbell  the  main-deck  guns.  At 
5h.  the  President  was  again  advancing  steadily,  and  with  the 
same  prospect  of  getting  alongside  ;  but  apparently  not  over 
anxious  for  such  a  consummation,  a  second  time  rounded 
to,  and  fired  another  broadside.  The  damages  sustained  were 
speedily  repaired  by  the  seamen  under  the  orders  of  the 
master,  James  Kerr,  and  the  chase  was  continued  as  before. 
At  6h.  20m.,  the  President's  superior  sailing  had  a  third 
time  brought  her  under  the  stern  of  the  Belvidera,  when  she 
again  yawed,  and  discharged  two  broadsides ;  after  receiving 
which,  the  Belvidera  also  put  her  helm  down,  but  without 
beins  able  to  fire  her  broadside  with  effect.  It  beintj  evident 
that  the  President  was  able  to  run  alongside  the  Belvidera 
at  pleasure,  Captain  Byron  determined  to  try  to  improve  the 
sailing  of  his  ship  by  cutting  away  all  her  anchors  except  her 
best  bower  ;  but  it  is  doubtful  if  this  would  have  succeeded, 
had  not  the  President,  with  a  shyness  which  must  have  been 
painfully  evident  to  all  her  consorts,  waived  her  advantages, 


1812.]  DESTRUCTION    OF   A   DANISH    SQUADRON.  397 

by  yawing  about  instead  of  keeping  a  steady  course.  At 
Gh.  30m.  the  Congress,  being  abreast  of  the  President,  com- 
menced firing  ;  but  her  shot  falling  short,  she  very  soon  dis- 
continued it.  To  get  rid  of  this  second  adversary,  the  Bel- 
videra's  yawl,  barge,  gig,  and  jolly-boat  were  thrown  over- 
board or  cut  away,  and  fourteen  tons  of  water  started.  The 
effect  of  this  was  evident,  and  at  8h.  p.m.  the  pursuing  fri- 
gates had  dropped  two  miles,  and  at  llh.  25m.  the  Presi- 
dent, then  three  miles  astern  of  her  chase,  hove  to  and 
rejoined  her  consorts.1 

The  grand  aim  of  Commodore  Rogers  was  destroyed  by 
tins  his  unfortunate  chase.  His  cruise  was  almost  barren, 
and  the  West-India  convoy  reached  England  six  days  after 
the  American  squadron  returned  to  New  York.  In  addition 
to  the  loss  already  mentioned,  the  Belvidera,  out  of  a  crew  of 
230  men,  had  seventeen  slightly  wounded,  making  her  total 
loss  two  killed  and  twenty-two  wounded.  The  American 
official  account  makes  the  President's  loss  amount  to  two 
midshipmen  and  one  marine  killed ;  the  commodore,  one 
lieutenant,  one  lieutenant  of  marines,  three  midshipmen,  and 
twelve  seamen  wounded.  The  President's  damages  were  so 
extensive,  that  it  took  a  day  to  repair  them.  The  Belvidera 
reached  HaHfax  on  the  27th  of  July,  carrying  news  equi- 
valent to  a  formal  declaration  of  war. 

On  the  6th  of  July,  in  the  evening,  as  the  64-gun  ship 
Dictator,  Captain  James  Pattison  Stewart,  18-gun  brig 
Calypso,  and  14-gun  brig  Podargus,  Commanders  Henry 
Weir  and  William  Robilliard,  together  with  the  gun-brig 
Plamer,  Lieutenant  Thomas  England,  were  off  Mardoe  on 
the  coast  of  Norway,  the  mastheads  of  a  Danish  squadron, 
consisting  of  the  24-pounder  40-gun  frigate  Nayaden,  and 
1 8-gun  brigs  Laaland,  Samsoe,  and  Kiel,  and  a  large  number 
of  gun-boats,  were  discovered  over  the  rocks.  Commander 
Robilliard  volunteered  to  lead  the  British^  ships  to  the 
attack  ;  but  the  Podargus  took  the  ground  on  entering  the 
passage.  Leaving  the  Flamer  to  assist  the  Podargus,  Cap- 
tain Stewart  proceeded  with  the  Dictator  and  Calypso,  and 
at  7h.  30m.  p.m.  arrived  within  a  mile  of  the  Danes,  and 

1  A  very  clever  picture,  representing  the  Belvidera  and  the  American 
squadron,  painted  by  Huggins,  is,  we  believe,  in  possession  of  Messieurs 
Stilwell,  navy  agents. 


398  DESTRUCTION    OF   A   DANISH   SQUADRON.  [1812. 

shortly  afterwards  commenced  the  engagement.  The  Calypso 
having  touched  the  ground,  was  now  astern  of  the  Dictator ; 
but  the  two  ships,  at  9h.  30m.,  after  having  sailed  twelve 
miles  through  a  passage  in  some  places  scarcely  wide  enough 
to  allow  room  for  the  Dictator's  studding-sail  booms,  Captain 
Stewart  ran  his  ship  aground  within  hail,  but  with  her 
broadside  bearing  upon  the  four  ships  of  the  enemy,  which 
had  anchored  close  together  in  the  small  creek  of  Lyngoe. 
The  Calypso  closely  followed  the  Dictator,  and  both  opened 
such  a  well-directed  fire,  that  the  frigate  (described  as  having 
been  "battered  to  atoms")  and  brigs  surrendered,  but  the 
gun-boats  escaped.  Meanwhile  the  Podargus  and  Flamer 
were  engaged  with  the  batteries  and  a  division  of  Danish 
gun-boats  ;  but  at  length,  after  very  great  exertions,  they 
were  got  afloat,  though  much  cut  up. 

At  3h.  a.m.  on  the  7th,  the  Dictator,  Calypso,  and  the  two 
prize  brigs,  in  charge  of  Lieutenants  James  Wilkie  and 
Benjamin  Hooper,  in  attempting  to  get  through  the  passage, 
were  attacked  by  gun-boats  stationed  behind  the  rocks  in 
such  a  manner  that  not  a  gun  could  be  brought  to  bear  on 
them.     Both  brigs  grounded,  and  were  abandoned. 

The  Dictator  had  five  men  killed  ;  John  S.  Hooper,  mid- 
shipman, Thomas  Farmer,  clerk,  and  twenty-two  men 
wounded  :  Podargus,  George  Garratt,  purser,  Thomas  Robil- 
liard,  midshipman,  and  seven  men  wounded  :  Calypso,  three 
men  killed,  one  wounded,  and  two  missing  :  Flamer,  one 
killed,  and  James  Powell,  midshipman,  wounded  :  making  a 
total  of  nine  killed  and  thirty- five  wounded.  The  loss  of  the 
Danes  is  stated  to  have  been  300  killed  and  wounded. 
Commanders  Weir  and  Bobilliard,  and  Lieutenant  William 
Buchanan,  first  of  the  Dictator,  were  promoted.  The  naval 
medal  has  been  awarded  for  this  action. 

On  the  16th  of  July,  three  boats  of  the  18-gun  corvette 
Osprey,  and  10-gun  brigs  Britomart  and  Leveret,  Com- 
manders Timothy  Clinch,  William  B.  Hunt,  and  George  W. 
Willes,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenants  William  H.  Dixon, 
William  Malone  (2),  and  Francis  D.  Romney,  were  despatched 
in  chase  of  a  privateer  lugger  off  Heligoland,  which  they 
succeeded  in  capturing,  after  a  very  determined  resistance. 
The  prize  was  the  Eole,  of  Dunkerque,  pierced  for  fourteen 


1812.]  SEALARK   AND    VILLE   DE   CAEN.  399 

guns,  but  having  only  six  mounted.    The  British  had  two  sea- 
men killed,  and  Lieutenant  Dixon  and  eleven  men  wounded. 

On  the  21st  of  July,  the  10-gun  schooner  Sealark,  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  Warrand,  chased,  off  the  Start  Point,  the 
Ville  de  Caen  French  lugger  privateer,  of  St.  Malo,  of  six- 
teen long  6-pounders  and  seventy-five  men.  The  Sealark  ran 
the  lugger  on  board  between  her  fore  and  main  masts,  and  a 
furious  engagement  commenced,  which  continued  one  hour 
and  a  half.  The  privateer  having  been  set  on  fire  by  some 
grenades  unskilfully  thrown  by  some  of  her  crew,  James 
Beaver,  acting  master  of  the  Sealark,  at  the  head  of  a  few 
men,  boarded  and  carried  her  without  further  opposition. 
The  Sealark,  in  her  severe  action,  out  of  a  crew  of  sixty  men 
and  boys,  had  her  captain's  clerk,  John  Purnel,  five  seamen, 
and  one  marine  killed ;  and  her  commander,  Alexander 
Gunn,  midshipman,  seventeen  seamen,  and  three  marines 
wounded.  The  Ville  de  Caen  lost  her  captain  and  fourteen 
men,  and  had  sixteen  men  wounded.  Lieutenant  Warrand 
was  most  deservedly  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 
The  above  is  a  naval  medal  action. 

On  the  1st  of  August,  the  38-gun  frigate  Horatio,  Captain 
Lord  George  Stewart,  being  off  the  coast  of  Norway,  de- 
tached four  boats,  containing  about  eighty  men,  under  the 
orders  of  Lieutenants  Abraham  M.  Hawkins,  Thomas  J.  P. 
Masters,  Lieutenant  of  marines  George  Syder,  and  James 
Christy,  master's  mate,  to  attack  an  armed  cutter  anchored 
among  the  rocks,  but  which  subsequently  had  entered  a 
creek,  and  was  at  the  distance  of  more  than  thirty  miles 
from  the  sea.  On  the  2nd,  at  8h.  a.m.,  the  vessel,  which 
mounted  four  long  6-pounders,  and  had  on  board  a  crew  of 
twenty-two  men,  was  observed  in  company  with  a  Danish 
schooner  of  six  6-pounders  and  thirty  men,  together  with  an 
American  ship  of  400  tons,  their  prize.  These  three  vessels 
were  moored  with  springs  on  their  cables,  and  as  the  boats 
advanced,  opened  a  very  galling  fire  ;  notwithstanding  which, 
liowever,  they  were  boarded  and  carried  after  an  obstinate 
and  sanguinary  resistance.  The  British  loss  amounted  to 
Lieutenant  Syder,  seven  seamen,  and  one  marine  killed  ;  and 
Lieutenants  Hawkins  and  Masters,  James  Larans,  assistant 
surgeon  (mortally),  the  boatswain,  William  Hughes,  Thomas 


400  MR.    DWYER   AT   BIENDOM.  [1812. 

Fowler,  midshipman  (severely),  nine  seamen,  and  two  marines 
wounded.  Total  :  nine  killed  and  sixteen  wounded.  The 
Danes  had  ten  killed  and  thirteen  wounded.  Lieutenant 
Hawkins,  for  his  conduct  on  this  occasion,  was  made  a  com- 
mander in  the  ensuing  December. 

On  the  10th  of  August,  the  20-gun  ship  Minstrel,  Captain 
John  S.  Peyton,  and  18-gun  brig  Philomel,  Commander 
Charles  Shaw,  being  off  the  island  of  Alicant,  three  small 
French  privateers  were  observed  in  the  port  of  Biendom, 
under  the  protection  of  a  castle,  on  which  were  mounted 
twenty-four  heavy  guns.  As  a  further  security,  two  of  the 
vessels  were  hauled  on  shore,  and  six  of  their  guns  landed 
to  form  a  battery,  which  was  manned  by  their  crews,  con- 
sisting of  eighty  men,  chiefly  Genoese.  The  position  of  the 
privateers  was  so  strong,  that  an  attack  was  deemed  unad- 
visable ;  but  to  prevent  their  escape,  a  boat  was  sent  at 
night  from  one  or  other  of  the  ships  to  row  guard.  On  the 
12th,  the  Minstrel's  boat,  containing  seven  men,  in  com- 
mand of  Master's  mate  Michael  Dwyer,  was  sent  away  on 
this  service ;  and  this  young  officer,  having  previously  been 
informed  by  some  Spaniards  that  the  French  troops  had 
quitted  the  town,  and  that  only  thirty  men  were  in  the 
battery  and  twenty  in  the  castle,  determined  to  make  an 
attempt  upon  the  battery  with  his  boat's  crew. 

At  9h.  30m.  p.m.,  Mr.  Dwyer,  at  the  head  of  Iris  daring 
band,  landed  about  three  miles  to  the  westward  of  the  town, 
but  was  almost  immediately  afterwards  challenged  by  a 
French  sentinel,  to  whom  he  replied,  in  Spanish,  that  they 
were  peasants,  and  they  were  suffered  to  proceed  undis- 
turbed. These  eight  men  advanced  upon  the  battery,  which 
they  attacked  without  hesitation ;  and,  after  a  smart 
struggle,  the  garrison,  consisting  of  eighty  instead  of  twenty 
C4enoese,  abandoned  the  place.  Mr.  Dwyer  had  not  been 
long  in  possession  of  this  post,  however,  before  it  was  sur- 
rounded by  200  French  soldiers,  and  that  which  he  had  so 
nobly  gained  he  as  desperately  disputed.  It  was  not  until 
one  of  his  men  was  killed,  himself  shot  through  the  shoulder, 
a  seaman  wounded  in  the  eye,1  and  all  their  ammunition 

1  This  gallant  fellow  (whose  name  we  regret  being  unable  to  record), 
as  soon  as  the  stupefaction  caused  by  the  wound  had  in  a  measure  sub- 
sided, deliberately  took  his  handkerchief  from  his  neck,  and,  binding  it 


1812.]  ALERT    AND    ESSEX.  401 

was  expended,  that  his  opposition  ceased  ;  upon  which  the 
soldiers  rushed  upon  their  enemies  with  their  bayonets. 
Mr.  Dwyer,  weak  from  loss  of  blood,  was  unable  to  offer  any 
effectual  resistance,  and  in  a  short  time  fell,  after  receiving 
seventeen  bayonet-wounds.  Every  man  of  his  party,  with 
the  exception  of  one,  was  severely  wounded,  and  the  French 
gained  possession  of  the  battery.  The  admiration  of  Cap- 
tain Foubert  and  his  troops  at  the  invincible  courage  dis- 
played by  Mr.  Dwyer  and  his  boat's  crew  was  unbounded ; 
and  when  the  prisoners,  in  their  wounded  state,  were  con- 
veyed to  head-quarters,  General  Goudin  participated  strongly 
in  Captain  Foubert's  feeling.  Captain  Peyton  was  invited 
on  shore  to  dinner,  and  after  receiving  the  congratulations 
of  the  French  upon  the  bravery  of  the  young  officer  lately 
under  his  command,  Mr.  Dwyer  was  released  with  his  fol- 
lowers. For  his  gallantry  on  a  previous  occasion,  Mr.  Dwyer 
was  at  this  period  a  lieutenant,  which  rank  we  are  sorry  to 
perceive  he  still  holds.1 

On  the  13th  of  August,  the  16-gun  ship-sloop  Alert, 
Commander  Thomas  L.  P.  Laugharne,  while  off  the  coast  of 
North  America,  fell  in  with  the  United  States  32-gun  frigate 
Essex,  Captain  David  Porter,  and,  probably  mistaking  the 
frigate's  character,  bore  down,  and  opened  her  puny  fire. 
This  the  Essex  returned,  and  in  a  quarter  of  an  hour  the 
Alert,  having  seven  feet  water  in  her  hold,  and  three  of  her 
men  wounded,  hauled  down  her  colours.  The  master, 
Johanson  Clering,  and  purser,  William  Haggerty,  were  the 
only  officers  who  stood  by  their  captain  ;  the  remainder  and 
the  crew  were  either  dismissed  the  service  or  severely  repri- 
manded by  the  court-martial  subsequently  held  at  Halifax 
upon  Captain  Laugharne  and  his  officers ;  but  those  above 
named  received,  on  the  other  hand,  the  marked  approbation 
of  the  court.  The  Alert  had  formerly  been  the  Oxford, 
a  collier,  but  had  been  converted  into  an  armed  vessel, 
and  designated  a  sloop  of  war.  Her  armament  consisted 
of   18-pounder   carronades.      The    Essex   was   armed   with 

-round  his  head,  said,  "  Though  I  have  lost  one  eye,  I  have  one  left,  and 
I  will  fight  till  I  lose  that  too." 

1  A  few  months  after  the  publication  of  the  first  edition  of  this  work, 
Lieutenant  Dwyer  was  made  commander,  a  promotion  which  had  been 
long  his  due. 

VOL.  II.  2  D 


402 


GUERRIERE   AND   CONSTITUTION.  [1812. 


32-pounder  carronades  on  the  main  deck,  and  m  the  whole 
forty-six  guns.  The  capture  of  the  Alert,  therefore  needs 
no  further  comment ;  and  it  is  only  to  be  regretted  that  her 
commander  had  not  had  a  more  efficient  man-of-war  under 
liim,  in  which  case  his  gallantry  would  doubtless  have  pro- 
duced very  different  results. 

On  the  19th  of  August,  at  2h.  a.m.,  the  18-pounder  38-gun 
frigate  Guerriere,  Captain  James  Richard  Dacres,  bemg  in 
latitude  40°  20'  north,  longitude  55°  west,  standing  on  a 
wind  on  the  starboard  tack,  under  easy  sail,  with  a  fresh 
breeze  from  north-west,  on  her  way  to  Halifax  to  reht, 
observed  a  large  ship  on  her  weather  beam.  This  was  the 
United  States  44-gun  frigate  Constitution,  Captam  Isaac 
Hull,  which  a  few  days  before  had  escaped  from  a  British 
squadron  after  a  long  chase. 

In  addition  to  a  picked  crew,  composed  m  great  part  ol 
British  seamen,1  the  American  ships  were  provided  with  a 
party  of  marines,  or  rather  of  skilful  riflemem  The  only 
departure  from  the  original  armament  of  the  Constitution, 
already  described,2  was  that  of  her  having  exchanged  the 
42-pounder  carronades  for  32-pounders.  The  main  deck  ol 
this  ship  was  upwards  of  eight  feet  in  height,  which  allowed 
plenty  of  space  for  working  her  large  and  heavy  24-pounders, 
although  they  were  mounted  upon  lofty  and  rather  cumber- 
some carriages.  The  lower  sills  of  her  ports  were  ten  feet 
from  the  water's  edge.  It  would  be  ridiculous  to  mstitute 
a  comparison  between  such  a  ship,  manned  with  4  i  6  picked 
seamen,  and  excellent  rifle  marksmen  for  marines,  and  a 
contracted  French  frigate  like  the  Guerriere,  mounting  only 

*  For  many  years  previously  to  the  war,  the  Americans  had  held  out 
the  most  flattering  prospects  to  British  seamen  to  induce  them  to  enter 
tbdr'rvice.  In  this  they  had  but  too  well  ""^i  -""* 
once  entrapped  them,  escape  was  almost  impracticable.  It  must  be 
Dome  in  mind  that  most,  if  not  all,  of  these  deluded  men,  who  af to- 
wards fought  against  their  countrymen  and  former  shipmates,  were 
enticed  from  their  country's  service  before  the  war  commenced  ;  and  it 
2  also  be  mentioned,  that  when  the  war  really  did  commence  he 
offers  of  reward  to  those  who  continued  to  serve,  and  cruelties  practised 
on  those  honourable  enough  to  despise  them,  had  full  weight  m  deter- 
ring many  from  quitting,   or  endeavouring  to  quit,  an  employment  so 


traitorous. 

2  See  page  364,  ante. 


.1812. 


GUERRIERE   AND    CONSTITUTION.  403 


the  usual  armament  of  her  class,  and  whose  crew  had  dwindled 
down  to  250  men  and  nineteen  boys. 

At  3h.  30m.  p.m.,  each  ship  having  discovered  the  time 
character  of  the  other,  cleared  for  action,  and  at  4h.  30m.  the 
Guerriere  backed  her  main-topsail  to  expedite  the  meeting. 
At  4h.  50m.,  the  Guerriere,  having  hoisted  an  English  ensign 
at  the  peak,  another  at  the  mrzen-topgallant  masthead,  and 
a  union-jack  at  the  fore,  opened  her  starboard  broadside 
upon  the  Constitution ;  then  filling  and  wearing  round,  she 
fired  her  larboard  broadside ;  but  the  shot  are  described  by 
Captain  Hull  as  having  fallen  short.  This  would  say  very 
little  in  favour  of  the  skill  of  the  British  crew,  were  it  not 
known  that  the  powder  was  of  very  inferior  quality.  At 
5h.  5m.,  the  Constitution,  with  an  American  ensign  at  the 
peak,  another  in  the  larboard  mizen  shrouds,  and  a  third  at 
the  fore,  having  arrived  upon  the  weather  beam  of  the 
Guerriere,  opened  her  fire  with  great  precision.  To  prevent 
being  raked,  the  latter  wore  round  three  times,  and  this 
manoeuvring  having  lasted  till  5h.  45m.,  the  Constitution 
set  her  main-topgallant-sail,  and  in  a  few  minutes,  having 
ranged  up  on  the  larboard  and  weather  beam  of  her  anta- 
gonist, brought  her  to  close  action,  both  ships  steering  with 
the  wind,  on  the  larboard  quarter.  At  6h.  5m.  the 
Guerrieres  mizenmast  fell  over  the  larboard  quarter,  and 
the  wreck,  by  dragging  in  the  water,  brought  the  ship  head 
to  wind.  Throwing  all  aback,  the  Constitution  then  suc- 
ceeded in  gaining  a  position  on  the  bow  of  the  British  ship, 
within  reach  of  the  balls  of  the  riflemen.  At  6h.  15m.  the 
two  ships  fell  on  board  each  other,  the  bowsprit  of  the 
Guerriere  becoming  entangled  with  the  starboard  main- 
rigging  of  the  Constitution.  An  attempt  was  now  made  by 
the  Americans  to  board,  when  a  shot  from  a  British  marine 
brought  down  the  leader,  the  first  lieutenant  of  marines ; 
her  first  lieutenant  was  also  shot,  and  the  master  wounded 
in  the  shoulder.  The  American  marines,  however,  were  not 
idle.  From  the  tops  they  fired  upon  the  Guerrieres  officers 
and  men  with  deadly  aim.  Captain  Dacres  was  painfully 
wounded,  but  continued  to  animate  and  cheer  his  men  to 
renewed  exertions.  The  master,  Robert  Scott,  was  at  about 
the  same  time  shot  through  the  knee ;  and  Samuel  Grant, 
2d2 


404  GUERRIERE   AND    CONSTITUTION.  [IS  12. 

master's  mate,  was  also  severely  wounded.  After  the  lapse 
of  a  few  minutes  the  combatants  dropped  clear  of  each  other, 
and  the  Guerriere  was  enabled  to  bring  some  of  her  star- 
board guns  to  bear  upon  the  American  frigate,  some  of  the 
wads  from  which  occasioned  a  fire  on  the  Constitution's 
main  deck.  In  falling  astern  of  her  adversaiy,  the  bowsprit 
of  the  Guerriere  came  in  contact  with  the  Constitution's 
taffrail,  and  the  foremast  and  mainmast  of  the  British  frigate 
almost  immediately  afterwards  fell  over  the  starboard  side. 
The  defence  was  still  protracted ;  but,  rolling  heavily  in  her 
utterly  defenceless  state,  little  more  than  the  semblance  of 
resistance  could  be  offered.  The  Constitution,  with  every 
stick  standing,  at  6h.  45m.  took  up  a  position  on  the  star- 
board quarter  of  the  Guerriere,  intending  to  renew  the 
action,  and  Captain  Dacres  finding  further  resistance  un- 
availing, if  not  impracticable,  a  lee  gun  was  fired,  and  the 
union-jack  hauled  down  from  the  stump  of  the  mizenmast. 

Captain  Dacres  having,  as  soon  as  the  colours  were 
hoisted,  ordered  seven  Americans,  included  in  his  251  men, 
to  go  below,  the  Guerriere  commenced  the  action  with  244 
men  and  nineteen  boys  ;  and  of  these,  the  loss  amounted,  in 
killed,  to  Lieutenant  Henry  Ready,  eleven  seamen,  and 
three  marines  ;  and  of  wounded,  she  had  Captain  Dacres, 
severely,  Bartholomew  Kent,  first  lieutenant,  slightly,  the 
master  (already  named),  Samuel  Grant  and  William  J.  Snow, 
master's  mates,  and  James  Enslie,  midshipman,  forty-three 
seamen,  thirteen  marines,  and  one  boy  wounded.  Total : 
fifteen  killed,  and  six  mortally,  thirty-nine  severely,  and 
eighteen  slightly  wounded.  The  Constitution's  loss  was 
stated  at  seven  killed  and  seven  wounded  ;  but  one  of  the 
Guerriere's  officers  counted  thirteen  wounded  men  on  board, 
three  of  whom  died  after  undergoing  amputation.  The 
thick  sides  of  the  Constitution  will  afford  a  reason  for  this 
small  loss ;  while  the  severe  casualties  of  the  Guerriere  may 
also  be  accounted  for  in  the  heavy  armament  of  her  anta- 
gonist, and  by  the  description  of  missile  used  in  the  action, 
comprising  "  langridge,"  "  dismantling,  or  chain  shot."  The 
riflemen  were  also  provided  with  buck-shot,  four  of  which 
were  used  instead  of  a  ball,  and,  at  close  quarters,  with 
destructive  effect.  Further  detail  is  unnecessary ;  enough 
has,  we  think,  been  shown  to  prove  that  the  Guerriere  was 


1812.]       BOATS  OF  BACCHANTE  AT  ROVIGNO.         405 

captured  by  a  ship  of  nearly  twofold1  greater  strength  and 
power  of  resistance,  and  that  Captain  Dacres,  his  surviving 
officers  and  crew,  richly  merited  the  «  honourable  acquittal" 
and  gratifying  encomiums  which  a  court-martial  pronounced 
upon  them. 

On  the  night  of  the  31st  of  August,  the  boats  of  the 
Bacchante  frigate,  Captain  William  Hoste,  containing  sixty- 
two  officers  and  men,  were  despatched,  under  the  orders  of 
Lieutenant   Donat  Henchy  O'Brien,   to  bring  out   several 
vessels  laden  with  ship-timber  in  Port  Lema,  near  Bovigno. 
Lieutenant  O'Brien  was  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Frank  Gost- 
ling,  Lieutenant  of  marines  William  Haig,   Master's  mate 
George  Powell,  and  Midshipmen  James  Leonard  Few  and 
Thomas  W.  Langton.     Having  captured  two  vessels  at  the 
entrance  to  the  port,  Lieutenant  O'Brien  gained  information 
that  the  vessels  of  which  he  was  in  search  were  under  the 
protection  of  a  French  3-gun  xebeck  and  two  gun-boats. 
Leaving  the  prizes  in  charge  of  Mr.  Langton  and  six  men, 
Lieutenant  O'Brien,  with  the  remainder,  proceeded  to  the 
attack,  and,  without  the  loss  of  a  man,  brought  out  seven 
timber-laden,  as   well   as   the   three   armed   vessels.      The 
latter  carried  seven  long  guns  and  seventy-two  men.     On 
the  morning  of  the  18th  the  same  officer  was  intrusted  with 
the  command  of  six  boats  (containing  seventy-two  officers  and 
men),  assisted  by  Lieutenant  Silas  Thomson  Hood  and  the 
officers  above  mentioned,  except  Lieutenant  Gostling.     The 
object  was  to  intercept  eighteen  sail  of  merchant°  vessels 
between  the  islands  of  Tremiti  and  Vasto.    On  the  approach 
of  the  boats  the  vessels  grounded,  trusting  for  protection  to 
eight    vessels   armed  with   long   12-pounders   and   swivels. 
The  guns  mounted  on  board  the  vessels  consisted  of  eight 
long  12-pounders,  six  swivels,  and  the  crews  comprised  104 
men.     The  men  belonging  to  the  merchant  vessels  also  had 
landed,  and,  armed  with  musketry,  had  posted  themselves 
in  a  thick  wood  skirting  the  bay.     This  formidable  array, 
1  Comparative  force  of  the  combatants  :— 

GUERRIERE.  CONSTITUTION. 

Broadside  guns  i  ?° 24      - 28 

p        ,       °    .   llJ}s 517     768 

Lrew  (men  only)  No 244      460 

Size— tons  1092     .' .' ." .' .' .' .' .'     1533 

— James. 


406  LAURA   AND   DILIGENTE.  [1812. 

however,  did  not  daunt  the  British  ;  and  after  a  most  dash- 
ing encounter  the  whole  were  captured.      Lieutenant  Haig, 
at  the  head  of  the  marines,  had  in  the  mean  time  driven  the 
enemy  from  the  woods.    Two  men  only  were  wounded.    The 
letters  reporting  the  above  actions  were  not  published  until 
the  22nd  of  January,  1813,  and  the  leader  of  the  gallant 
enterprises  was  promoted  at  that  date.     In  the  meanwhile, 
however,  Lieutenant  O'Brien  had  acquired  fresh  claims  to 
distinction,  as  will  be  seen  in  our  next  year's  record.     The 
naval  medal  is  granted  for  the  first  of  the  above  boat  actions. 
On  the  8th  of  September,  the   10-gun  schooner  Laura, 
Lieutenant   Charles  N.  Hunter,  commander,  being  off  the 
Delaware,  was  captured,  after  a  very  gallant  action,  by  the 
French  18-gun  privateer  brig  Diligente.     Lieutenant  Hun- 
ter, after  being  several  times  slightly  wounded,  received  a 
most  severe  wound  by  a  musket-ball,  which,  entering  near 
the  left  ear,  passed  obliquely  down  the  back,  and  made  its 
way  out.     From   excess  of  bleeding  he  was  incapable   of 
further  effort,  and  all  the  officers  having  been  sent  away  in 
prizes,  the  Laura  was  boarded  and  carried.     The  schooner 
had   fifteen   men  killed   and  severely  wounded ;    and   the 
Diligente,  whose  crew  consisted  of  ninety-seven  men,  had 
nine  killed  and  ten  badly  wounded.     The  captain  of  the 
privateer  conveyed  his  prize  to  Philadelphia,  and  behaved 
most  kindly  and  honourably  to  Lieutenant  Hunter  and  his 
crew.     Lieutenant  Hunter  was  most  honourably  acquitted 
of  all  blame  for  the  loss  of  his  vessel. 

On  the  18th  of  October,  the  18-gun  brig  Frolic,  Captain 
Thomas  Whinyates,1  in  charge  of  a  convoy  for  England,  got 
sight  of  a  strange  sail  to  windward.  The  stranger  was  at 
first  taken  for  one  of  the  convoy  which  had  separated  from 
the  Frolic  in  a  heavy  gale  of  wind,  but  on  a  nearer  approach 
the  error  was  discovered.  Two  days  previously  the  Frolic 
had  sustained  considerable  damage  in  a  heavy  gale,  whicl 
had  separated  her  from  part  of  the  convoy.  During  the  gah 
the  Frolic's  mainyard  was  carried  away  in  the  slings,  hei 
main-topmast  badly  sprung  in  two  places,  and  her  topsail; 
torn  to  pieces.  These  and  other  damages  were  in  part  attri 
butable  to  the  general  defects  of  the  Frolic,  which  had  beer 
five  years  out  of  an  English  dockyard,  cruising  in  the  Wes" 
1  This  officer's  captain's  commission  was  dated  12th  August,  but  bj 
had  not  been  superseded  in  the  command  of  the  Frolic. 


1812.]  FKOLIC    AND   WASP,  407 

Indies.  With  only  her  boom-mainsail  and  close-reefed  fore- 
topsail  set,  the  Frolic  hauled  to  the  wind  to  give  her 
convoy  a  chance  of  escape,  and  at  about  llh.  a.m.  Captain 
Whinyates,  anxious  to  draw  the  stranger's  attention  from 
the  merchant  ships,  hoisted  Spanish  colours,  upon  which  the 
ship  bore  up  directly  for  her.  The  stranger,  which  was 
the  United  States  18-gun  corvette  Wasp,  Captain  Jacob 
Jones,  five  days  only  from  the  Delaware,  hoisted  her  colours 
and  steered  for  the  Frolic,  then  on  the  larboard  tack.  On 
arriving  within  about  sixty  yards  of  the  Frolic,  the  Wasp 
hailed,  upon  which  the  former,  exchanging  Spanish  for  Bri- 
tish colours,  opened  fire,  which  the  Wasp  returned.  A  heavy 
sea  was  running,  which  rendered  it  extremely  difficult  for 
the  men  in  the  Frolic  to  point  the  guns,  the  muzzles  of  which 
were  often  under  water.  The  tonnage  of  the  Wasp  gave  her 
an  immense  advantage.  With  ports  nearly  six  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  sea,  she  was  enabled  to  fire  her  guns  with  delibera- 
tion and  aim,  while  the  Frolic's,  being  within  a  few  feet  only, 
to  load  and  fire  was  all  that  was  practicable.  Every  shot  from 
the  Wasp  took  effect,  while  the  Frolic's  passed  harmlessly, 
or  only  damaged  her  opponent's  sails  and  rigging,  and  shot 
away  the  main-topmast,  gaff  and  mizen-topgallant  mast.  The 
Frolic's  peak-halyards  being  cut  by  a  shot,  she  was  deprived 
of  the  only  after-sail  she  could  set,  and  payed  off  nearly  before 
the  wind.  The  Wasp  now  took  up  a  position  on  the  Frolic's 
larboard  bow,  and  continued  an  animated  fire,  until,  consi- 
dering the  British  vessel's  deck  pretty  well  thinned  of  men, 
Captain  Jones  determined  to  board.  Perceiving,  however, 
on  a  nearer  approach,  that  he  was  likely  to  meet  with  more 
opposition  than  he  anticipated,  he  delayed  his  intention,  and 
taking  whatever  position  he  chose,  continued  to  fire  upon  the 
defenceless  brig.  After  the  action  had  lasted  forty  three 
minutes,  the  Wasp  ran  her  opponent  on  board,  and  the  Frolic 
without  further  opposition  became  a  prize.  ^ 

Upon  her  deck,  when  thus  boarded,  Captain  Whinyates, 
the  second  lieutenant  (both  of  whom  were  severely  wounded), 
and  seventeen  men,  were  all  that  remained,  the  few  other 
survivors  being  below  attending  to  their  wounded  shipmates 
or  other  indispensable  duties.  Out  of  ninety-one  men  and 
eighteen  boys,  with  which  she  commenced  the  action,  the 
Frolic  had  lost  fifteen  in  killed,  and  Lieutenant  Charles 
M'Kay,  and  the  master,  John  Stephens,  mortally  wounded ; 


408  FROLIC    AND   WASP.  [1812. 

and  Captain  Wliinyates,  Lieutenant  Frederick  B.  Wintle, 
and  forty-three  men,  wounded.  Total,  killed  and  wounded, 
sixty-two.  Her  masts  fell  over  the  side  a  few  minutes  after 
her  surrender.  The  Wasp's  damages  were  comparatively 
trifling  ;  and  out  of  a  crew  of  138  fine,  able-bodied  seamen 
(including  many  renegade  British  sailors),  her  loss  amounted 
to  eight  men  killed  and  about  the  same  number  wounded. 

Had  the  Frolic  been  fresh  from  a  home  port,  with  all  her 
spars,  well  rigged  and  properly  equipped,  and  with  a  crew 
not  worn  down  by  long  service  in  a  tropical  climate,  a  different 
result  might  have  been  looked  for ;  but  disabled  as  she  was, 
and  labouring  under  every  possible  disadvantage,  which  wind, 
weather,  and  a  sickly  crew  conspired  to  create,  no  surprise 
can  be  felt  at  the  Frolic's  capture.  The  guns  of  the  two 
vessels  were  the  same  in  number  and  weight  of  shot,  except 
that  the  Wasp  mounted  two  long  brass  12-pounders  for  the 
Frolic's  long  nines  ;  and  in  tonnage  the  Wasp  measured  434 
tons,  and  the  Frolic  384.1  A  few  hours  after  the  action 
ceased,  the  74-gun  ship  Poictiers,  Captain  John  Poer  Beres- 
ford,  hove  in  sight,  captured  the  Wasp,  and  recaptured  the 
Frolic.  Captain  Beresford  immediately  re-appointed  Captain 
Wliinyates  to  his  brig  ;  and  the  latter,  with  his  few  surviving 
officers  and  crew,  underwent  the  ordeal  of  a  court-martial, 
which  pronounced  an  honourable  acquittal  upon  all. 

On  the  25th  of  October,  the  18-pounder  38-gun  frigate 
Macedonian,  Captain  John  Surman  Carden,  being  in  lati- 
tude 28°  50' north,  longitude  29°  30' west,  the  44-gun  frigate 
United  States,  Commodore  Stephen  Decatur,  hove  in  sight, 
bearing  north  by  east,  distant  about  twelve  miles.  The  Ma- 
cedonian, with  a  strong  breeze  from  south-south-east,  imme- 
diately bore  up,  and  made  all  sail  to  close  the  enemy.  At 
7h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  two  ships  having  arrived  within  three  miles 
of  each  other,  hoisted  their  colours,  and  Commodore  Decatur 
his  broad  pendant.  Captain  Carden  then  became  fully  aware 
of  the  force  of  the  enemy  ;  but  so  little  did  British  sailors 
think  of  defeat,  that  the  announcement  was  most  gratifying. 

*  "  The  Congress  of  the  United  States  voted  25,000  dollars,  and  their 
thanks  to  Captain  Jacob  Jones,  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  Wasp  ;  also 
a  gold  medal  to  Captain  Jones,  and  silver  medals  to  each  of  the  officers, 
in  testimony  of  their  high  sense  of  the  gallantry  displayed  by  them  in 
the  capture  of  the  British  sloop  of  war  of  '  superior  force.'" — James. 


1812.]  MACEDONIAN   AND    UNITED    STATES.  40  D 

On  the  other  hand,  Commodore  Decatur  mistook  the  Mace- 
donian for  a  larger  ship,  probably  for  a  cut-down  64-gun 
ship,  and  therefore  wore  round  on  the  starboard  tack, 
and  bore  up.  The  Macedonian  continued  under  all  sail  in 
chase,  and  as  she  rapidly  overhauled  the  American,  Com- 
modore Decatur  fell  into  the  opposite  error,  and  took  the 
Macedonian  for  a  32-gun  frigate,  whereupon  he  wore  round 
on  the  larboard  tack,  and  hauled  up  to  meet  her.  At  9h.  a.m. 
the  Macedonian,  having  hauled  to  the  wind,  was  on  the 
weather  beam  of  the  United  States,  and  the  two  ships  passing 
on  opposite  tacks,  exchanged  broadsides.  The  Macedonian 
being  then  abaft  the  American  frigate's  beam,  wore,  and  at 
9h.  20m.  was  on  the  enemy's  larboard  and  weather  quarter, 
on  the  same  tack  with  her.  In  the  course  of  a  few  minutes 
the  Macedonian  lost  her  mizen-topmast,  and  the  United 
States  her  mizen  topgallant-mast.  The  sailing  of  the  two 
ships  was  thus  nearly  equalized,  and  the  United  States  took 
advantage  of  the  circumstance,  and  retained  her  position  on 
the  lee  bow  of  the  British  frigate,  keeping  up  a  continued 
and  severe  fire. 

At  10b.  lorn,  the  United  States  squared  the  main-yard  to 
allow  the  Macedonian  to  close  ;  but  it  was  then  too  late. 
At  a  little  past  Ilk  the  Macedonian  lost  her  mizenmast, 
fore  and  main-topmasts,  and  mainyard  ;  her  lower  masts 
were  badly  wounded,  and  the  standing  and  running  rigging- 
destroyed.  To  render  her  state  more  defenceless,  the  wreck 
of  her  mizenmast  fell  over  the  starboard  side,  thereby  dis- 
abling those  of  her  quarter-deck  guns  which  were  not  pre- 
viously useless  from  the  imperfect  fitting  of  the  carronade 
slides.  Having  nothing  to  steady  her,  the  Macedonian  now 
rolled  the  muzzles  of  her  main-deck  guns  in  the  water  ;  and, 
mder  the  circumstances,  further  effectual  resistance  was 
impossible.  As  a  last  resource,  however,  the  determination 
:o  attempt  to  board  the  American  frigate  was  come  to,  and 
;he  Macedonian's  helm  was  put  hard  a-port  with  the  intention 
)f  carrying  it  into  effect.  Captain  Carden  was  the  more  in- 
laced  to  resort  to  this  plan  by  seeing  the  United  States  make 
sail.  But  the  execution  of  the  design  was  frustrated  by  a 
shot,  which,  having  cut  the  lee  fore-brace,  the  ship  would 
lot  pay  off,  and  the  United  States  crossed  the  Macedonian's 
>ows  without  firing  a  shot,  having,  as  it  afterwards  appeared^ 


410  MACEDONIAN   AND    UNITED    STATES.  [1812. 

expended  all  her  cartridges.  It  was  at  first  supposed  that 
the  United  States  had  given  up  the  contest ;  but  having 
filled  more  cartridges  and  rove  new  running  rigging,  she 
made  sail,  and  at  noon  arrived  under  the  stern  of  the  Mace- 
donian ;  when  Captain  Garden,  having  no  further  means  of 
resistance,  ordered  the  colours  to  be  hauled  down. 

The  loss  sustained  by  the  British,  out  of  254  men  and 
boys,  amounted  to  James  Holmes,  boatswain,  Thomas  J. 
Nankivel,  master's  mate,  Dennis  Colwell,  schoolmaster, 
twenty-three  seamen,  eight  marines,  and  two  boys  killed; 
and  Lieutenants  David  Hope  (severely)  and  John  Bulford 
(slightly),  Midshipmen  Henry  Roebuck  and  George  Green- 
way,  and  Francis  Baker,  volunteer  1st  class,  fifty  seamen, 
nine  marines,  and  four  boys  wounded;  making  a  total  of 
thirty-six  killed  and  sixty-eight  wounded.  The  United 
States  sustained  comparatively  slight  loss,  amounting  to  five 
killed  ;  two  mortally  and  five  severely,  besides  many,  not  in- 
cluded, slightly  wounded. 

The  Macedonian  mounted  the  forty-six  guns  of  her  class  ; 
but  the  quarter-deck  carronade  slides,  being  fitted  on  a  new 
and  defective  principle,  rendered  those  guns  very  ineflicient. 
The  force  of  the  United  States  has  already  been  described  ; 
but,  unlike  the  Constitution,  she  retained  her  42-pounder 
carronades,  to  which  may  be  attributed  the  early  fall  of  the 
Macedonian's  masts  and  the  carnage  on  her  decks.  Captain 
Carden  and  his  oflicers  were  treated  with  respect  by  Com- 
modore Decatur,  but  every  temptation,  and  even  threats, 
were  used,  to  induce  the  crew  to  enter  the  American  service  ; 
but  the  overtures  were  treated  with  the  disdain  they  merited. 
The  Macedonian  was  conveyed  to  New  London,  where  she 
arrived  on  the  4th  of  December.  Captain  Carden  and  his 
oflicers  were  subsequently  tried  by  a  court-martial  at  Ber- 
muda, the  sentence  of  which  was  "  an  honourable  acquittal/' 
and  the  court  expressed  their  very  high  sense  of  the  loyalty 
of  the  seamen,  which  caused  them  to  disregard  the  base 
offers  of  the  enemy. 

The  squadron,  under  Commodore  Rogers,  from  which  the 
United  States  had  parted  company,  continued  its  cruise,  and 
on  the  31st  of  October  chased  the  38-gun  frigate  Galatea, 
Captain  Woodley  Losack  ;  but  the  latter  escaped  in  the 
night,     The  squadron  soon  afterwards  returned  to  Boston. 


1812.]  JAVA   AND   CONSTITUTION. 


411 


The  third  and  last  frigate  action  in  which  the  Americans 
were  conquerors  now  demands  our  attention.  The  late 
French  38-guu  frigate  Renommle,  which  had  been  captured 
off  Madagascar,  was  added  to  the  British  navy  under  the 
name  of  Java.  In  the  month  of  August,  she  was  commis- 
sioned by  Captain  Henry  Lambert,  and  appointed  to  convey 
Lieutenant-General  Hislop,  the  newly-appointed  governor,  to 
Bombay.  In  addition  to  the  baggage  generally  accompany- 
ing officers  of  General  Hislop's  rank,  the  Java  was  deeply 
laden  with  stores  of  all  descriptions  for  ships  building  at 
Bombay.  The  difficulty  of  manning  this  ship  had  been 
great.  Our  best  seamen  had  been  drained  in  many  channels 
from  their  legitimate  employ.  Privateers,  merchant-service 
crimps,  and  the  mania  for  the  American  navy,  had  exhausted 
the  grand  reservoir,  and  to  man  an  additional  frigate  pro- 
perly was  a  work  of  time.  This  was  felt  in  a  peculiar  degree 
by  Captain  Lambert,  and,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 
volunteers,  who  filled  the  petty  officers'  ratings,  the  men 
obtained,  by  pressing  and  other  compulsory  means,  were  of 
the  most  inferior  description.  The  captain  remonstrated, 
but  without  effect,  and  with  a  crew  (not  fifty  of  whom  had 
ever  seen  a  shot  fired)  of  277  men  and  twenty-three  boys, 
and  eighty-six  supernumeraries,  principally  Marine  Society 
boys,  the  Java  put  to  sea. 

On  the  30th  of  December,  in  the  morning,  being  near 
St.  Salvador,  whither  Captain  Lambert  was  bound,  to  water, 
the  American  frigate  Constitution,  Commodore  "William  Bain- 
bridge,  was  descried  ;  and,  casting  off  a  prize  which  had  been 
taken  on  the  passage,  the  latter  parted  company,  with  nine- 
teen men  and  a  master's  mate,  and  the  Java  proceeded  with 
a  moderate  breeze  from  the  north-east  in  chase  of  the  stranger. 
Commodore  Bainbridge  expecting  to  be  joined  by  the  Essex, 
mistook  the  Java  for  that  ship ;  and  at  about  noon  made 
the  private  signal.  This,  after  remaining  hoisted  ten  minutes, 
was  hauled  down,  and  the  American  frigate  wore  and  made 
all  sail  away.  The  Java,  under  a  press  of  sail,  and  going  ten 
knots,  was  obliged  to  shorten  sail,  while  the  American  frigate 
appeared  scarcely  to  feel  the  breeze.  At  lh.  40m.  p.m.,  the 
Java  having  got  within  two  miles  of  the  Constitution,  the 
latter  took  in  royals  and  flying-jib,  clewed  up  her  courses, 
and  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  starboard  tack,  and  the  Java 


412  JAVA   AND    CONSTITUTION.  [1812. 

did  the  same.  At  21i.  10m.  the  two  ships  were  within  a 
mile  of  each  other,  when  the  Constitution  fired  some  of  her 
starboard  guns,  but  without  effect.  At  2h.  20m.  a  second  broad- 
side was  fired,  which  also  did  little  damage ;  and  almost 
immediately  afterwards  the  Java's  larboard  broadside  was 
fired,  almost  eveiy  shot  striking.  The  Constitution  by  this 
one  broadside  had  four  men  killed  and  many  wounded,  and 
her  wheel  was  shot  away.  Not  relishing  this  spirited  salute 
from  the  little  ship,  the  Constitution  fired  a  third  broadside 
and  bore  up  in  the  smoke.  The  Java  bore  up  after  her, 
and  at  2h.  25m.,  the  two  ships  having  come  to  the  wind  on 
the  starboard  tack,  again  exchanged  broadsides.  The  Con- 
stitution again  wore  to  get  away,  but  Captain  Lambert  was 
not  to  be  thus  evaded,  and  the  Java  also  wore. 

At  2h.  35m.  the  Java  passed  slowly  and  closely  under  the 
stern  of  the  Constitution  ;  but  the  opportunity  thus  afforded 
was  lost  upon  the  raw,  unskilful  British  crew,  and  the  only 
gun  discharged  was  the  forecastle  9-pounder,  and  that  was 
pointed  and  fired  by  Lieutenant  James  Saunders,  a  super- 
numerary officer.  Commodore  Bainbridge,  however,  had  not 
yet  made  up  his  mind  to  engage  the  British  frigate,  and 
making  sail  about  three  points  off  the  wind,  ranged  ahead  of 
the  Java,  At  2h.  40m.  the  Java  luffed  across  the  stern  of 
her  antagonist,  but  again  without  making  full  use  of  the 
advantage ;  and  at  about  2h.  43m.  the  commodore,  em- 
boldened by  the  Java's  inefficient  fire,  determined  to  engage. 
Having  therefore  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,, 
the  two  ships  were  soon  in  close  action,  the  Java  to  windward. 
At  2h.  52m.  the  head  of  the  Java's  bowsprit  was  shot  away, 
upon  which  the  Constitution  wore,  and  as  the  Java,  from  the 
loss  of  her  jibs,  was  unable  to  follow  her  with  the  requisite 
celerity,  she  tacked,  and,  taking  a  long  time  to  pay  off, 
received  a  raking  broadside  from  the  adversary.  Instead  of 
coming  to  the  wind  on  the  starboard  tack,  the  Java  bore  up 
athwart  the  Constitution's  bows,  firing  her  broadside,  and 
then  luffed  to  on  the  larboard  tack.  The  American  frigate 
having  wore  round  under  the  Java's  stem,  the  two  frigates 
were  once  more  in  action,  at  not  more  than  pistol-shot 
distance,  the  Java  to  windward  as  before.  This  proved  to 
the  great  disadvantage  of  the  Java ;  and  after  it  had  con- 
tinued ten  minutes,  that  ship  was  completely  unrigged,  and 


1812.]  JAVA   AND    CONSTITUTION.  413 

had   lost  her  master,  and  a  great  many  officers  and  men 
killed  and  wounded. 

Captain  Lambert,  finding  his  men  falling  so  fast  from  the 
enemy's  destructive  fire,  determined  to  board,  and  at  3h.  8m. 
ordered  the   helm    a-port    to  carry  this  design  into  effect. 
Before,  however,  the  two  ships  came  in  contact,  the  Java's 
foremast   unfortunately  fell    inboard,    passing   through    the 
•forecastle  deck,   and  thereby  encumbering  the  main  deck. 
But,  by  the  impetus  which  she  had  previously  acquired,  the 
stump  of  the  Java's  bowsprit  caught  the  Constitution's  mizen- 
riggmg,  and  brought  her  head  to  wind;  then  dropping  astern, 
she  lay  at  the  mercy  of  her  antagonist.       The  American 
frigate  made  good  use  of  her  advantage,  and  sailing  round 
the  Java,  poured  in  broadside  after  broadside  with  tremendous 
effect.     At  3h.  30m.  Captain  Lambert  fell  mortally  wounded 
by  a  musket- ball  in  the  left  breast,  and  the  command  of  the 
ship  devolved  on  the  first  lieutenant,  Henry  Ducie  Chads, 
who  in  gallantly  emulated  his  late  noble  captain.    This  officer 
though  painfully  wounded,  remained  at  his  post,  encouraging 
by  his  example  the  crew  to  continue  their  resistance.     The 
latter,  though  wanting  in  skill,  were  not  wanting  in  bravery, 
and  far  from  relaxing  their  exertions,  appeared  to  increase 
them  as  their  chance  of  success  receded.     At  4h.  5m.  the 
Java's  mizenmast  fell,  and  soon  afterwards  the  Constitution 
again  ranged  up  alongside  the  British  ship,  but  was  received 
with  all  the  warmth  of  desperation.     At  4h.  25m.  the  Con- 
stitution, having  effectually  crippled  her  antagonist,  made  sail 
ahead  out  of  gun-shot  ;  and  the  Java's  crew  imagining  she 
was  about  to  make  off,  shouted  after  her  and  called  to  her 
to  return.     The  American  frigate  having  repaired  the  slight 
injuries  she  had  received  aloft,  at  a  little  before  6h.  tookup 
a  position  across  the  bows  of  the  Java  (the  crew  of  which,  in 
the  meanwhile,  had  cleared  the  wreck  of  her  masts,  and 
were  erecting  a  jury-mast).     Lieutenant  Chads,  aware  that 
to  protract  the  defence  would  be  nothing  less  than  a  wanton 
sacrifice  of   life,   ordered  the  colours  to  be  struck,  and  at 
6k  p.m.,  after  near  four  hours'  action,  the  Java  became  the 
Constitution's  prize. 

The  following  is  the  official  return  of  the  Java's  loss  :— 
Killed  :  Charles  Jones,  Thomas  Hammond,  and  William 
Gascoigne,  master's  mates,  William  Salmond,  midshipman 


414  JAVA   AND    CONSTITUTION.  [1812. 

Thomas  Joseph  Matthias,  clerk,  twelve  seamen,  and  four 
marines  :  total,  twenty-one.  Wounded  :  Captain  Henry- 
Lambert,  Edward  Keele,1  midshipman,  and  one  seaman 
mortally;  James  Humble,  boatswain,  and  four  men  danger- 
ously \  Captain  J.  T.  Wood  (aide-de-camp  to  Major-General 
Hislop),  Batty  Robinson,  master,  Lieutenant  of  marines 
David  Davies,  Charles  Keele,  Martin  Burke,  Frederick 
Morten,  and  William  Brown,  midshipmen,  and  forty-five 
sailors,  marines,  and  boys  severely ;  Commander  John  Mar- 
shall, Lieutenants  Henry  D.  Chads  and  James  Saunders, 
James  West,  midshipman,  and  thirty-nine  men  and  boys 
slightly  :  total,  103  :  grand  total,  124.  The  Java  s  damages 
were  in  keeping  with  her  loss  \  she  was  totally  dismasted, 
ten  of  her  quarter-deck  and  forecastle  carronades  were  dis- 
mounted, many  of  her  main-deck  guns  disabled,  all  her  boats 
destroyed,  and  her  hold  half-full  of  water  when  she  surren- 
dered. Nor  had  the  Constitution,  notwithstanding  her  thick 
sides,  escaped  without  loss  :  the  British  official  account  gives 
ten  men  killed  ;  her  fifth  lieutenant  and  four  men  (mortally), 
the  commodore  (slightly),  and  about  forty-two  of  her  crew 
wounded.  The  Java,  on  examination,  was  found  so  much 
damaged,  that  her  captors  determined  to  destroy  her ;  and 
after  removing  the  prisoners,  which,  as  the  Constitution  had 
only  one  boat  that  would  swim,  was  a  work  of  time,  the 
Java,  on  the  forenoon  of  the  next  day,  was  set  on  fire.2 

There  can  be  little  doubt  that  had  the  Java,  inferior  as 
she  was  in  point  of  materiel,  been  manned  by  a  crew  of  320 

1  This  gallant  youth,  only  thirteen  years  of  age,  was  not  killed  out- 
right, but  died  the  next  day.  The  Java  was  his  first  ship.  He  had 
suffered  amputation  of  a  leg,  and  after  the  action  was  over,  inquired 
anxiously  if  the  ship  had  struck.  Seeing  one  of  the  flags  spread  over 
him,  he  became  very  uneasy  ;  but  being  assured  that  it  was  English,  he 
was  satisfied. 

2  After  this  had  been  effected,  one  of  the  Java's  late  crew  (three  of 
whom,  to  their  disgrace,  had  already  entered  on  board  the  Constitution) 
informed  Commodore  Bainbridge  that  the  prize  had  an  immense  quan- 
tity of  specie  in  her  hold.  The  commodore's  feelings,  on  receiving  this 
information,  caused  not  a  little  amusement  to  the  British  officers  ;  but 
after  a  time  one  of  them  took  pity  upon  him,  and  relieved  his  mind  by 
assuring  him  that  the  cases  in  question  contained,  instead  of  gold  or 
silver,  only  copper  bolts.  At  3h.  p.m.  the  Java  blew  up,  but  without  any 
colours  hoisted.  The  Constitution  entered  the  port  of  St.  Salvador  on 
the  3rd  of  January,  1813,  where  the  prisoners  were  all  landed. 


1812.]  ALBACORE   AND    PICKLE   WITH    GLOIRE.  415 

stout,  able-bodied,  and  well-trained  seamen,  instead  of  a  raw 
set  of  men,  wanting  in  everything  save  animal  courage,  and 
had  the  Java  been  laden  less  like  a  store-ship,  she  would 
have  given  a  very  different  account  of  the  Constitution  ; 
and,  under  all  the  disadvantageous  circumstances,  her  action 
is  one  highly  creditable  to  the  British  navy  in  general,  and 
to  the  brave  officers  and  men  who  fought  it  in  particular. 
Bear- Admiral  Graham  Moore,  the  president  of  the  court- 
martial  which  tried  Lieutenant  Chads  and  the  ship's  com- 
pany for  the  loss  of  the  Java,  after  an  honourable  acquittal, 
passed  the  following  well-merited  eulogium  on  the  former  : 
— "  I  have  much  satisfaction  in  returning  you  your  sword. 
Had  you  been  an  officer  who  had  served  in  comparative 
obscurity  all  your  life,  and  never  before  been  heard  of,  your 
conduct  on  the  present  occasion  would  have  been  sufficient 
to  establish  your  character  as  a  brave,  skilful,  and  attentive 
officer."  Lieutenant  Chads'  conduct  received  other  honour- 
able testimony  by  promotion  to  the  rank  of  commander  in 
May,  1813. 

On  the  16th  of  December,  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Gloire,  Captain  Roussin,  sailed  from  Havre  on  a  cruise,  and 
on  the  18th,  at  daylight,  was  discovered  by  the  18-gun  cor- 
vette Albacore,  Commander  Henry  T.  Davies,  about  four 
miles  to  the  westward  of  which  was  the  14-gun  schooner 
Pickle,  Lieutenant  William  Figg.  The  Gloire  having,  at 
9h.  a.m.,  ascertained  that  the  strangers  were  enemies,  hauled 
to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  and  made  all  sail  away, 
and  Captain  Davies,  believing  the  frigate  to  be  armed  en 
flute  only,  immediately  pursued,  accompanied  by  the  schooner. 
At  lOh.  12m.  the  corvette  opened  fire  on  the  Gloire,  which 
the  frigate,  hoisting  her  colours,  returned ;  she  then  hauled 
up  to  rake  the  Albacore,  and  Captain  Davies,  being  now 
aware  of  his  error,  tacked  and  discontinued  the  action.  The 
Albacore's  rigging  was  much  damaged,  and  Lieutenant  Wil- 
liam Harman  was  killed,  and  six  men  wounded.  At  lh.  p.m. 
the  Albacore  was  joined  by  the  Pickle,  12-gun  brig  Borer, 
and  4-gun  schooner  Landrail,  when  the  pursuit  was  resumed; 
but  at  midnight  the  Gloire  was  out  of  sight. 

On  the  29th  of  December,  the  18-gun  brig  Royalist,  Com- 
mander George  Downie,  cruising  in  the  Channel,  captured 
the  French  privateer  Ruse,  for  which  service  the  naval. 
Daedal  has  been  awarded. 


416  BOAT   ACTIONS.  [1813. 


1813. 


On  the  6tli  of  January,  at  2h.  p.m.,  the  boats  of  the 
Havannah,  Captain  the  Honourable  George  Cadogan,  under 
the  orders  of  Lieutenant  William  Hambly,  attacked  and 
carried  a  French  gun-boat,  mounting  one  long  24-pounder, 
and  having  a  crew  of  thirty-five  men,  although  the  enemy 
was  fully  prepared  for  the  attack,  and  the  boat  was  sup- 
ported by  musketry  from  the  shore.  Three  merchant  vessels 
were  also  brought  off.  Edward  Percival,  master's  mate,  was 
killed,  and  two  seamen  wounded. 

On  the  6th  of  January,  the  boats  of  the  38-gun  frigate 
Bacchante,  Captain  William  Hoste,  and  18-gun  brig  Weasel, 
Commander  James  Black,  being  off  Otranto,  in  the  Adriatic, 
chased  two  divisions  of  gun-boats.  The  officers  employed 
on  this  service  were  Lieutenants  Donat  H.  O'Brien,  Silas 
T.  Hood,  and  Frank  Gostling ;  Lieutenant  of  marines  Wil- 
liam Haig,  and  Master's  mates  and  Midshipmen  George 
Powell,  James  McKean,  Honourable  Henry  J.  Eous, 
Honourable  William  Waldegrave,  Thomas  C.  Hoste,  James 
L.  Few,  and  Edward  O.  Pocock.  At  8h.  a.m.,  Lieutenant 
O'Brien,  in  the  Bacchante's  barge,  overtook  and  captured 
the  stemmost  gun-boat,  mounting  two  guns,  and  having  a 
crew  of  thirty-six  men  ;  when,  leaving  her  in  the  charge  of 
Mr.  Hoste,  Lieutenant  O'Brien  pushed  on  and  captured  two 
other  boats  making  off  towards  the  coast  of  Calabria.  Two 
of  the  Weasel's  boats  were  also  despatched,  under  Lieute- 
nant Thomas  Wlialey  and  James  Stewart,  midshipman,  and 
another  boat  from  the  Bacchante,  under  Edward  Webb, 
master's  mate  ;  and  the  latter,  taking  the  lead  of  the  othei 
two,  very  gallantly  boarded  and  carried  two  gun-boats  sue 
eessively,  after  a  determined  resistance.  The  above  actionr 
together  with  two  other  exploits  of  Lieutenant  O'Brien 
appeared  in  the  Gazette  the  same  day,  and  that  officer  wa* 

1  See  p.  405,  ante. 


1813.]  AMELIA   AND   ARETHUSE.  417 

immediately  promoted.     The  medal  is  granted  for  the  above 
action. 

On  the  29th  of  January,  the  island  of  Augusta,  in  the 
Adriatic,  surrendered  to  a  British  force,  consisting  of  the 
38-gun  frigate  Apollo,  Captain  Bridges  W.  Taylor,  Espe- 
ranza  privateer,  and  four  gun-boats,  and  250  troops,  under 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Robertson.  On  the  3rd  of  February 
Curzola  also  surrendered  to  the  same  force.  The  Apollo's 
mainmast  was  much  cut  by  shot,  and  her  loss  from  the 
enemy's  fire  amounted  to  two  seamen  killed  and  one 
wounded. 

On  the  Gth  of  February,  the  38-gun  frigate  Amelia,  Cap- 
tain the  Honourable  Frederick  Paul  Irby,  at  9h.  30m.  am 
observed  two  frigates  at  anchor  off  the  northern  end  of 
Tamara  (one  of  the  Isles  de  Los),  on  the  coast  of  Africa. 
The  strangers  were  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Arethuse 
Commodore  Bouvet,  and  Rubis,  Captain  Olivier,  which  a 
few  days  previously  had  chased  the  Daring  gun-brio-,  Lieu- 
tenant William  R.  Pascoe,  and  forced  her  to  run  on  shore 
on  Tamara  to  avoid  capture,  where  she  was  burnt  by  her 
crew.  On  the  7th,  at  noon,  a  light  breeze  sprang  up  "from 
the  westward,  and  the  Arethuse  on  the  larboard  tack  stood 
towards  the  Amelia  under  all  sail,  when  the  latter  made  sail 
away,  in  order  to  draw  the  Arethuse  from  her  consort. 

At  5h.  p.m.  the  Amelia  shortened  sail,  wore  round  on  the 
starboard  tack,  and,  running  under  her  three  topsails,  steered 
for  the  Arethuse,  which  ship  had  also  shortened  sail.  To 
avoid  being  raked,  the  Arethuse,  at  7h.  20m.,  tacked  to  the 
southward.  It  was  a  beautiful  moonlight  night,  and  the 
light  air  of  wind  was  scarcely  sufficient  to  cause  a  ripple. 
At  7h.  45m.,  just  as  the  Amelia  had  arrived  within  pistol- 
shot  on  the  starboard  and  weather  bow  of  the  Arethuse, 
intending  to  cross  her  bows,  the  latter  opened  fire,  which 
was  immediately  returned.  After  the  third  broadside',  owino- 
to  the  braces  having  been  shot  away,  the  main-topsail  of  the 
Amelia  was  thrown  aback,  and  failing  in  her  attempt  to 
cross  the  enemy's  bows,  she  fell  on  board  the  Arethuse,  the 
bumpkin  of  the  latter  carrying  away  part  of  the  Amelia's 
larboard  forecastle  bulwark,  and  her  bowsprit  the  jib  stay 
In  this  situation,  the  British  frigate  became  exposed  to  a 
heavy  fire  of  musketry  and  hand  grenades,  and  an  attempt 

VOL.  II.  2    E 


418  AMELIA   AND    ARETHUSE.  1813.] 

was  made  to  board,  which  was  repelled  by  the  marines 
under  First  Lieutenant  John  Simpson.  The  Arethuse, 
throwing  all  aback,  then  dropped  clear.  The  Amelia  upon 
this  set  her  stay-sails  and  endeavoured  to  get  her  head 
towards  the  French  ship  ;  but  in  attempting  again  to  cross 
her  bows,  fell  on  board  a  second  time,  and  the  two  ships 
swang  alongside  each  other  at  about  9h.  15m.  An  endea- 
vour was  then  made  by  the  crew  of  the  Amelia  to  lash  the 
ships  together,  but  they  were  unable  to  do  so  on  account  of 
the  heavy  fire  of  musketry  opened  upon  them  from  the  deck 
and  tops  of  the  Arethuse.  Among  those  who  fell  in  trying 
to  effect  this,  were  Lieutenants  John  J.  Bates  and  John 
Pope,  and  Second  Lieutenant  of  marines  Robert  Gwinn 
Grainger ;  and  Captain  Irby  was  severely  wounded,  and 
obliged  to  leave  the  deck  in  command  of  Lieutenant  George 
Wills.  The  latter  officer  was  shortly  afterwards  killed ; 
after  whom,  the  master,  Anthony  De  Mayne,  took  the  com- 
mand. The  ships  at  length  dropped  clear  of  each  other,  and 
gradually  separated,  until,  at  llh.  20m.  p.m.,  they  were  out 
of  gun-shot  of  each  other. 

The  Amelia's  masts  and  yards  were  badly  wounded,  and  • 
she  was  much  shattered  in  hull.  Of  265  men,  thirty  boys, 
and  fifty-four  supernumeraries  (part  of  the  Daring's  crew, 
and  some  invalids),  she  had  the  three  lieutenants,  and  second 
lieutenant  of  marines  (already  named),  Lieutenant  Pascoe, 
of  the  Daring,  Charles  Kennicott,  midshipman,  John  Bogue, 
purser  of  the  Thais,  twenty-nine  seamen,  seven  marines,  and 
three  boys  killed;  Captain  Irby  (severely),  Lieutenant  of 
marines  John  Simpson,  John  C  oilman,  purser,  Boatswain 
John  Parkinson,  Edward  Pobinson,  George  A.  Rix,  Thomas 
D.  Buckle,  George  T.  Gooch,  and  Arthur  Beever,  mid- 
si  lipmen,  fifty-six  seamen  (two  mortally),  twenty-five  marines 
(three  mortally),  and  three  boys  wounded.  Total :  fifty-one 
killed  and  mortally  wounded,  and  ninety  severely  and 
slightly  wounded. 

The  Arethuse  also  suffered  severely  in  hull  and  masts, 
and  of  375  men,  had  thirty-one  killed  and  seventy-four 
wounded 

The  Amelia  and  Ar6thuse,  in  point  of  tonnage  and  arma- 
ment, met   upon   equal   terms.     The  crew  of  the  Amelia, 


1813.]  CUTTING   OUT   THE   LOTTERY.  419 

however,  was  unfit  to  cope  with  the  fresh  and  vigorous  crew 
of  the  Arethuse,  comprising  the  very  flower  of  the  French 
navy.  The  latter  ship  had  only  just  arrived  from  an 
European  port,  the  former  had  been  nearly  two  years  under 
the  influence  of  the  most  debilitating  climate  in  the  world. 
Had  the  Amelia  suffered  less  than  she  did  in  her  action,  the 
propriety  of  seeking  a  renewal  of  the  engagement,  in  the 
presence  of  a  second  frigate  of  equal  force  to  the  Arethuse, 
would  have  been  questionable,  for  it  must  be  remembered 
that  Captain  Irby  was  not  at  that  time  aware  that  the 
Rubis  had  been  placed  hors  de  combat  by  getting  aground. 
On  the  whole,  this  action  gives  evidence  of  great  bravery 
and  skill  on  both  sides,  and  no  blame  can  reasonably 
attach  to  Captain  Irby,  his  oflicers  or  crew.  The  fall  of  the 
officers  and  the  captain's  wounds  were  untoward  events, 
which  have  an  effect  even  upon  the  best  of  crews;  and 
although  the  meeting  terminated  in  a  drawn  battle,  it  is, 
notwithstanding,  highly  honourable  to  the  British  navy. 

At  daylight  on  the  8th  the  frigates  were  becalmed  about 
five  miles  apart,  and  on  the  breeze  springing  up,  the 
Amelia  having  bent  new  sails,  put  before  it  for  Madeira 
and  England ;  and  the  Arethuse  stood  back  to  the  Isles  de 
Los  to  rejoin  her  consort. 

On  the  2nd  of  February,  the  18-gun  corvette  Kingfisher, 
Commander  Ewell  Tritton,  discovered*  near  Melara  several 
trabacolos,  and  there  being  at  the  time  very  little  wind,  two 
boats,  under  Lieutenant  George  W.  Palmer  and  John 
"Waller,  gunner,  were  despatched  in  chase,  which,  after  a 
row  of  five  hours,  captured  one  vessel,  and  drove  on  shore 
and  destroyed  five  others,  on  the  island  of  Corfu.  The  loss 
in  the  Kingfisher's  boats  amounted  to  two  killed  and  seven 
severely  wounded. 

On  the  8th  of  February,  nine  boats  from  the  frigates 
Maidstone,  Belvidera,  Junon,  and  Statira,  Captains  George 
Burdett,  Richard  Byron,  James  Sanders,  and  Hassard  Stack- 
poole,  under  command  of  Lieutenant  Kelly  Nazer,  of  the 
former  ship,  attacked  the  United  States  6-gun  schooner 
Lottery,  in  the  Chesapeake.  After  a  most  determined 
resistance,  the  privateer  was  boarded  and  carried.  The 
American  captain  (John  Southcomb)  was  mortally  wounded  ■ 
2  e2 


420  BOARDING   AMERICAN   SCHOONERS.  [1813. 

and  eighteen,  out  of  a  crew  of  twenty-eight  men,  were  killed 
or  wounded.  The  British  had  one  man  killed  and  five 
wounded. 

During  the  month  of  February,  the   74-gun  ships  ban 
Domingo  and  Marlborough,  with  the  Maidstone  and  Statira 
frigates,  and    Fantome,   Commander  John  Lawrence,  brig, 
under  the  orders  of  Admiral  Sir  John  B.  Warren  and  Rear- 
Admiral  George  Cockburn,  arrived  off  the  North  American 
coast.     In  April  they  entered  the  Chesapeake,  and  on  the 
3rd  chased  four  large  armed  schooners  into  the  river  Rappa- 
hannock.    It  falling  calm,  the  boats  of  the  squadron  were 
despatched  in  pursuit,  and,  after  rowing  fifteen  miles,  the 
four  schooners  were  discovered  :   which  were  the  Arab,  of 
seven  guns  and  forty-five  men  ;  Lynx,  of  six  guns  and  forty 
men  ;  Racer,  of  six  guns  and  thirty-six  men ;  and  Dolphin, 
of  twelve    guns  and  ninety-eight  men,  drawn   up    in   line 
ahead.     The  boats  were  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant 
James  Polkinghorne,  of  the  San  Domingo  ;  Matthew  Lid- 
don,   of  the  Maidstone  ;    George    C.   Urmston  and  James 
Scott,   of  the  Marlborough;    and    George    Bishop,    of  the 
Statira.     The  Marlborough's  boats  being  in  advance,  were 
the  first  to  board  the  enemy,  and  five  boats  had  performed 
the  principal  part  of  the  service  before  the  remainder  were 
able   to    close.     The    four   vessels   were    captured    after   a 
desperate  struggle.     The  loss  amounted  to  two  men  killed  ; 
and    Lieutenants    Polkinghorne    and   William    A.   Brand,1 
Lieutenant  of  marines  William  R.  Flint,  John  Sleigh,  mid- 
shipman, and  seven  seamen  and  marines  were  wounded.    The 
Americans   had   six   men   killed   and   ten   wounded.     The 
captured  vessels  were  fine  schooners,  measuring  from  200  to 

1  Mr  Brand  was  at  this  time  a  master's  mate  passed  eleven  years,  and 
while  on  a  shooting  excursion  had  been  unfortunate  in  losing  his  left 
hand  His  anxiety  for  promotion  and  zeal  for  the  service,  however,  in- 
duced him  to  volunteer  on  this  occasion,  and,  after  much  persuasion,  he 
was  permitted  to  go.  While  steering  his  boat,  a  musket-ball  from  one 
of  the  schooners  passed  through  his  remaining  arm:  Lieutenant  h  lint 
was  wounded  at  the  same  time,  and  being  unable  to  board,  they  re- 
mained in  the  boat,  which,  after  the  crew  had  quitted  her,  went  adrilt. 
The  amputation  of  Mr.  Brand's  right  arm  was  rendered  necessary  lhi.s 
brave  officer  was  immediately  promoted  by  the  commander-in-chief  and 
his  actino-  order  dated  back  prior  to  the  time  of  the  action,  from  which 
circumstance  Mr.  Brand  appeared  in  the  official  letter  as  a  lieutenant, 
and  was  pensioned  accordingly.     Lieutenant  Brand  died  in  1BJ0. 


1813.J  PEACOCK   AND    HORNET.  421 

225  tons  each ;  and  two,  under  the  names  of  Shelburne  and 
Musquedobit,  were  added  as  14- gun  schooners  to  the  British 
navy. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  the  United  States  20-gun  cor- 
vette Hornet  (eighteen  32-pounder  carronades  and  two  long 
twelves),  Captain  James  Lawrence,  discovered  the  British 
18-gun  brig  Espiegle,  Commander  John  Taylor,  at  anchor 
off  the  bar  of  the  Demerara  river.  At  3h.  30m.  p.m.,  while 
beating  round  Cape  Caroband  to  get  at  the  Espiegle,  the 
Hornet  got  sight  of  the  18-gun  brig  Peacock  (sixteen 
24-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  sixes),  Commander 
William  Peake,  which  had  only  left  the  anchorage  of  the 
Espiegle  at  lOh.  a.m.  At  4h.  20m.  p.m.  the  Peacock  bore 
down  upon  the  Hornet,  and  hoisted  her1  colours ;  and  at  5h. 
the  Hornet  came  round  on  the  starboard  tack  and  also 
hoisted  her  colours.  At  5h.  25m.,  the  corvette  and  brig, 
passing  on  opposite  tacks,  exchanged  broadsides.  The  Pea- 
cock then  wore  round  under  the  stern  of  the  Hornet,  and 
engaged  her  to  leeward ;  but,  after  receiving  the  Peacock's 
broadside,  the  Hornet  bore  up  and  ran  her  on  board  on  the 
starboard  quarter.  In  this  position  the  Hornet  kept  up 
such  a  destructive  fire,  that,  at  5h.  50m.,  having  her  com- 
mander killed,  six  feet  water  in  her  hold,  and  her  hull  and 
masts  cut  to  pieces,  the  Peacock  hoisted  in  her  fore-rigging 
an  ensign  with  the  union  downwards,  as  a  signal  of  distress.1 
Shortly- afterwards  her  mainmast  went  by  the  board.  Both 
vessels  were  immediately  anchored,  and  every  exertion  was 
used  to  save  the  Peacock ;  but  the  efforts  of  both  crews 
were  unavailing,  and  in  a  few  minutes  she  sank  in  five 
fathoms  water,  carrying  with  her  thirteen  men,  only  four  of 
whom  were  rescued. 

Of  her  crew  of  110  men,  the  Peacock  lost  her  commander 
and  four  seamen  killed ;  her  master,  one  midshipman,  the 

1  The  Peacock  had  long  been  the  admiration  of  her  numerous  visitors, 
for  the  tasteful  an-angement  of  her  deck,  and  had  obtained  in  con- 
sequence the  name  of  the  yacht.  The  breechings  of  the  carronades  were 
lined  [covered]  with  white  canvass,  the  shot-lockers  [shot-racks  ?]  shifted 
from  their  usual  places,  and  nothing  could  exceed  in  brilliancy  the 
polish  upon  the  traversing  bars  and  elevating  screws.  If  carronades  in 
general  as  mounted  in  the  British  service,  are  liable  to  turn  in-board, 
or  to  upset,  what  must  have  been  the  state  of  the  Peacock's  carronades 
after  the  first  broadside  1 — James. 


422  BOATS   OF   UNDAUNTED,    ETC.  [1813. 

carpenter,  captain's  clerk,  and  twenty-nine  men  wounded. 
The  Hornet  received  some  trifling  damage  in  her  spars  ; 
and,  out  of  163  men  and  boys,  had  one  man  killed  and  two 
slightly  wounded.1 

On  the  26th  of  February,  in  the  morning,  the  32-gun 
frigate  Thames,  Captain  Charles  Napier,  and  36-gun  frigate 
Furieuse,  Captain  William  Mounsey,  having  on  board  the 
second  battalion  of  the  10th  foot,  under  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Coffin,  entered  the  narrow  channel  leading  to  the  harbour  of 
the  island  of  Ponza,  on  the  coast  of  Naples,  and  after  ex- 
changing a  few  broadsides  with  the  batteries,  the  frigates 
anchored  close  to  the  mole-head.  A  flag  of  truce  was  then 
held  out  by  the  governor,  and  the  island  on  the  same  day 
surrendered  to  the  arms  of  his  Britannic  majesty. 

On  the  18th  of  March,  the  boats  of  the  Undaunted,  Cap- 
tain Thomas  Ussher,  proceeded  to  board  a  tartan,  under  the 
battery  of  Carri,  near  Marseilles.  The  boats  were  com- 
manded by  Lieutenant  Aaron  Tozer,  assisted  by  acting  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  Salkeld,  the  master,  Robert  Clennan,  and 
Lieutenant  of  marines  Harry  Hunt.  The  party  landed, 
destroyed  the  battery,  and  brought  out  the  tartan  in  the 
face  of  a  large  body  of  troops  strongly  posted.  Two  men 
were  killed  and  one  wounded.  On  the  30th,  the  Undaunted 
being  joined  by  the  Yolontaire,  Captain  the  Honourable 
George  G.  Waldegrave  (the  senior  officer),  and  18 -gun  brig 
Redwing,  Commander  Sir  John  G.  Sinclair,  an  attack  was 
made  upon  a  convoy  in  the  harbour  of  Morgion,  between 
Marseilles  and  Toulon.  The  expedition  was  commanded  by 
Lieutenant  Isaac  Shaw,  of  the  Volontaire,  assisted  by  Lieu- 
tenant Dey  Richard  Syer,  Lieutenants  of  marines  William 
Burton  and  Hunt,  and  Christopher  Wyvill,  midshipman.  On 
the  31st,  in  the  morning,  a  landing  was  made  at  Sourion,  where 
two  batteries,  garrisoned  with  forty  troops,  were  taken,  and 
the  guns  thrown  into  the  sea  or  spiked.  Lieutenant  Dey 
Richard  Syer  captured  eleven  vessels  and  destroyed  others. 

1  The  following  is  the  comparative  force  of  the  combatants,  furnished 
by  Mr.  James  : — 

HORNET.  PEACOCK. 

„       ,  .,  (No 10 9 

Broadside  guns  j  ftg ^  192 

Crew No'. 162   110 

Tons. 460   386 


1813.]  WEASEL    AXD    GUN-BOATS.  423 

On  the  2nd  of  May,  the  Repulse,  Captain  Robert  H.  Mou- 
bray,  having  joined,  despatched  100  marines  under  Captain 
Michael  Ennis,  along  with  the  marines  of  the  other  ships,  to 
destroy  some  newly-erected  works  near  Morgion.  The  boats 
of  the  squadron  were  still  under  Lieutenant  Shaw,  and  covered 
by  the  guns  of  the  Redwing.  The  marines  drove  a  body  of 
French  troops  to  the  heights,  and  kept  them  in  check  while 
six  laden  vessels  were  secured,  and  the  batteries,  gun-car- 
riages and  a  13-inch  mortar  destroyed.  Lieutenant  Shaw 
and  three  men  were  wounded,  and  two  men  killed.  Sir 
John  Sinclair  was  promoted  in  June  following,  and  Lieu- 
tenant Shaw  in  August ;  and  the  naval  medal  has  been 
granted  for  the  service. 

On  the  22nd  of  April,  the  18-gun  brig  Weasel,  Com- 
mander James  Black,  chased  a  convoy  and  ten  heavy  gun- 
boats in  the  Bay  of  Boscalina.  At  5h.  30m.  a.m.  the 
gun-boats  anchored  in  line  about  a  mile  from  the  shore,  and 
hoisted  French  colours.  At  6h.  the  Weasel  anchored 
within  pistol-shot  of  them,  and  a  furious  cannonade  began, 
which  was  kept  up  until  6h.  20m.,  when  the  gun-boats' 
cables  were  cut,  and  the  vessels  ran  closer  in,  when  they 
again  opened  their  fire.  The  Weasel  stood  in  after  them 
and  renewed  the  action,  but  was  now  exposed  in  addition  to 
cannon  and  musketry  from  the  shore.  Before  lOh.  three  of 
the  boats  had  surrendered,  two  more  were  driven  on  shore, 
and  one  was  sunk.  The  remainder  were  supported  by  four 
others,  which  took  a  position  outside  the  brig,  but  from 
which  they  were  soon  driven,  and,  joining  the  remaining 
four,  the  whole  retired  under  shelter  of  a  neck  of  land,  from 
whence  they  kept  up  a  very  destructive  fire,  with  little 
intermission,  until  6h.  30m.  p.m.  The  brig  was  in  conse- 
quence very  much  cut  up,  having  her  masts  badly  wounded, 
and  her  hull  shot  in  several  places.  After  dark,  Captain 
Black  sent  a  party  in  the  boats  and  destroyed  the  gun-boats 
which  had  been  driven  on  shore,  together  with  eight  sail  of 
the  convoy,  bringing  away  their  anchors,  by  means  of  which 
the  Weasel,  by  daybreak  next  morning,  was  warped  from 
her  perilous  situation.  Commander  Black  was  promoted  for 
this  action,  and  the  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  to  the 
participators. 

On  the  28th  of  April,  the   boats  of  the  Marlborough, 


424  BOAT    EXPEDITION   ON    THE   SUSQUEHANA.  [1813, 

Maidstone,  Dragon,  Statira,  Dolphin,  Fantome,  Mohawk, 
Highflyer,  and  Racer,  under  Commander  John  Lawrence, 
and  Lieutenant  George  A.  Westphal,  and  personally  com- 
manded by  Rear- Admiral  George  Cockburn,  effected  a  land- 
ing at  French  Town,  on  the  Chesapeake.  The  expedition 
was  accompanied  by  the  Fantome  and  Mohawk,  and  three 
tenders.  Attached  to  it  were  150  marines  under  Captains 
Marmaduke  Wybourn  and  Thomas  Carter,  and  five  ar- 
tillerymen under  Lieutenant  F.  David  Robertson.  The 
enemy's  public  stores  were  destroyed,  but  private  property 
invariably  respected.  The  place,  though  defended  by  a  6-gun 
battery  and  a  large  body  of  militia,  fell  an  easy  prey  to  the 
British.  The  expedition  on  its  return  from  this  service  was 
fired  at  from  Havre  de  Grace,  a  village  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Susquehana,  and  learning  that  a  large  foundry  for  can- 
non was  established  there,  an  attack  was  made  on  the  night 
of  the  2nd  of  May.  The  foundry  was  destroyed,  together  with 
five  long  24-pounders  mounted  for  its  protection,  twenty- 
eight  long  32-pounders  ready  for  use,  and  twelve  other  guns  in 
the  boring-house.  Another  division  of  boats  destroyed  five 
vessels  and  a  large  store  of  flour  up  the  Susquehana.  Lieu- 
tenant "Westphal  was  promoted  for  this  service,  and  all 
engaged  in  it  are  entitled  to  the  naval  medal. 

In  narrating  the  three  preceding  British  and  American 
frigate  actions,  enough  has  been  shown  to  prove  the  dis- 
advantages under  which  the  British  laboured.  We  have 
now  to  record  the  result  of  the  meeting  of  two  frigates  of 
equal  force ;  and  one  more  gratifying  to  British  feeling  is 
not  to  be  met  with.  In  the  month  of  March,  the  1 8-pounder 
38-gun  frigates  Shannon  and  Tenedos,  Captains  Philip  Bowes 
Vere  Broke  and  Hyde  Parker,  sailed  from  Halifax,  on  a 
cruise  in  Boston  Bay,  in  search  of  some  of  the  far-famed 
frigates ;  and  on  the  2nd  of  April  these  ships  reconnoitred 
the  harbour  of  Boston,  in  which  the  President  and  Congress 
were  lying,  ready  for  sea.  These  frigates  were  blockaded 
for  some  time  by  the  Shannon  and  Tenedos ;  but  the  former, 
availing  themselves  of  a  continuance  of  foggy  weather,  eluded 
the  vigilance  of  the  British  frigates,  and  put  to  sea. 

There  then  remained  in  Boston  two  other  frigates — the 
Constitution,  undergoing  extensive  alterations,  and  the 
1 8-pounder  38-gun  frigate  Chesapeake.     Captain  Broke,  by 


1813.]  SHANNON"  AND  CHESAPEAKE.  42& 

way  of  offering  an  inducement  to  the  latter  to  come  out  and 
engage  the  Shannon,  ordered  the  Tenedos  to  part  company, 
and  not  to  rejoin  him  until  the  14th  of  June,  by  which  time 
it  was  hoped  that  something  would  have  been  decided.  The 
Shannon  continued  cruising  alone  in  Boston  Bay  during 
the  month  of  May,  capturing  and  destroying  all  the  vessels 
she  fell  in  with,  Captain  Broke  not  choosing  to  weaken  his 
crew  by  manning  them.  On  the  29th  of  May  the  Shannon 
fell  in  with  a  privateer,  from  which  she  received  an  addition 
to  her  crew  of  twenty-two  Irish  labourers. 

Having  received  no  answer  to  several  verbal  messages, 
repeatedly  sent  to  the  captain  of  the  Chesapeake,  and  being 
doubtful  of  their  having  been  delivered,  Captain  Broke 
resolved  upon  such  a  course  as  could  not  fail  of  conveying 
Ins  sentiments.  He  accordingly  addressed  the  following 
letter  to  the  Chesapeake's  captain  :  — 

"As  the  Chesapeake  appears  now  ready  for  sea,  I  request 
you  will  do  me  the  favour  to  meet  the  Shannon  with  her, 
ship  to  ship,  to  try  the  fortune  of  our  respective  flags.  The 
Shannon  mounts  twenty-four  guns  upon  her  broadside  and 
one  light  boat-gun  ;  18-pounders  upon  her  main  deck,  and 
32-pounder  carronades  upon  her  quarter-deck  and  forecastle ; 
and  is  manned  with  a  complement  of  300  men  and  boys, 
besides  thirty  seamen,  boys,  and  passengers,  who  were  taken 
out  of  recaptured  vessels  lately.  I  entreat  you,  sir,  not  to 
imagine  that  I  am  urged  by  mere  personal  vanity  to  the  wish 
of  meeting  the  Chesapeake,  or  that  I  depend  only  upon  your 
personal  ambition  for  your  acceding  to  this  invitation.  We 
have  both  noble  motives.  You  will  feel  it  as  a  compliment, 
if  I  say  that  the  result  of  our  meeting  may  be  the  most 
grateful  service  I  can  render  to  my  country ;  and  I  doubt 
not  that  you,  equally  confident  of  success,  will  feel  convinced 
that  it  is  only  by  repeated  triumphs  in  even  combats  that 
your  little  navy  can  now  hope  to  console  your  country  for 
the  loss  of  that  trade  it  can  no  longer  protect.  Favour  me 
with  a  speedy  reply.  We  are  short  of  provisions  and  water, 
and  cannot  stay  long  here." 

The  above  letter  was  sent  in  by  a  discharged  prisoner,  but 
it  is  believed  never  to  have  reached  the  Chesapeake;  for 
shortly  after  it  had  been  despatched,  the  Shannon  stood  close 
into  Boston  lighthouse,  and  hove   to  with  colours  flying;, 


426  SHANNON   AND    CHESAPEAKE.  [1813. 

and  at  about  thirty  minutes  past  noon  Captain  Broke, 
while  the  crew  were  below  at  dinner,  went  himself  to  the 
masthead  to  watch  the  movements  of  the  Chesapeake,  and 
had  the  pleasure  to  see  that  ship  sheet  home  her  topgallant- 
sails,  and  make  sail  out  of  the  harbour  with  a  fair  wind.  At 
five  minutes  before  lh.  p.m.,  Cape  Ann  bearing  north-north- 
east, distant  ten  or  twelve  miles,  the  Shannon  filled  and 
stood  off  shore  under  her  topsails  ;  soon  after  which  the 
Chesapeake,  commanded  by  the  best  officer  the  American 
navy  could  boast — Captain  James  Lawrence,  who  had  lately 
been  successful  in  sinking  the  Peacock — rounded  Boston 
lighthouse  under  all  sail.  The  frigate  was  accompanied  by  a 
number  of  pleasure-boats  containing  parties  desirous  of  wit- 
nessing the  operation  of  "  whipping  a  British  frigate."  The 
two  frigates  continued  to  stand  out  till  4h.  50m.,  when  the 
Chesapeake  took  in  her  studding-sails  and  topgallant-sails, 
and  sent  down  her  royal-yards. 

At  5h.  10m.,  Boston  lighthouse  bearing  west,  distant 
about  eighteen  miles,  the  Shannon  rounded  to  under  her 
topsails,  topgallant-sails,  jib,  and  spanker,  with  her  head  to 
the  southward ;  and  fifteen  minutes  afterwards  the  Chesa- 
peake hauled  up  her  foresail,  and  steered  a  direct  course  for 
the  starboard  quarter  of  the  Shannon.  Flags  were  displayed 
at  the  fore  and  mizen-mast  heads  and  in  the  main  rigging, 
which  it  was  vainly  hoped  would  have  the  effect  of  damping 
the  ardour  of  the  Shannon's  crew.  At  the  fore  was  a  large 
white  flag,  bearing  the  motto,  "  Sailors'  rights  and  free 
trade,"  and  at  the  mizen,  peak,  and  in  the  starboard  main 
rigging,  the  stars  and  stripes  were  displayed  in  all  the  pomp 
imaginable.  The  Shannon  afforded  to  this  display  a  singular 
contrast.  Her  sides,  for  a  length  of  time  untouched  by  a 
paint-brush,  appeared  to  much  disadvantage  when  compared 
with  the  bright  sides  of  the  Chesapeake  ;  and  instead  of 
being  bedecked  with  flaunting  ensigns,  a  small  miion-jack  at 
the  fore,  a  rusty  old  blue  ensign  at  the  gaff-end,  and  another 
on  the  main-stay,  formed  the  only  additions  to  her  usual  sea 
equipage.  The  good  order  which  reigned  within,  however, 
was  a  matter  of  much  more  consequence  than  outside 
show. 

At  5h.  40m.  the  Chesapeake  gallantly  luffed  to  upon  the 
Shannon's  starboard  and  weather  quarter,  with  her  main- 


1813.]  SHANNON  AND  CHESAPEAKE.  427 

topsail  to  the  mast,  at  the  distance  of  about  fifty  yards,  her 
crew  giving  three  cheers.  The  Shannon's  guns  were  loaded 
in  the  following  manner  : — the  aftermost  gun  on  the  main 
deck  contained  two  round  shot  and  a  keg  of  150  musket- 
balls  ;  the  next  gun,  one  round  and  one  double-headed  shot, 
and  so  on  alternately  with  every  gun  on  the  main  deck. 
The  captain  of  the  fourteenth  gun  on  the  main  deck,  William 
Mindham,  received  orders  to  fire  as  soon  as  his  gun  would 
bear  upon  the  Chesapeake's  second  port  from  forward ;  and 
this  order  he  implicitly  obeyed.  At  5h.  50m.  the  gun  was 
fired,  and  the  shot  was  observed  to  take  effect  within  a  trifle 
of  the  spot  pointed  out.  Every  gun  upon  the  broadside  was 
fired  with  equal  correctness  of  aim.  The  Chesapeake  re- 
turned the  fire,  but  with  much  less  effect.  At  5h.  53m.  the 
Chesapeake,  from  the  way  through  the  water  she  had 
previously  acquired,  gradually  forged  ahead  of  the  Shannon, 
and  to  prevent  this  luffed  up  a  little.  At  this  moment  her 
jib-sheet  and  fore-topsail-tie  being  cut  by  shot,  the  Chesa- 
peake flew  up  in  the  wind,  and  immediately  became  exposed 
to  a  most  galling  fire.  The  battle  was  from  this  moment 
decided. 

Captain  Broke  observing  some  indications  of  a  meditated 
escape,  at  a  little  before  6h.  ordered  the  Shannon's  helm 
a-lee,  to  grapple  with  and  board  the  Chesapeake ;  but 
immediately  afterwards,  seeing  that  the  latter  had  stern 
way,  and  that  she  was  paying  round  off,  he  ordered  the  helm 
hard  a-starboard,  and  the  mizen-topsail  to  be  shivered.  This 
was  scarcely  done  when  the  Chesapeake  fell  foul  of  the 
Shannon,  her  larboard  quarter  abreast  the  gangway  of  her 
antagonist.  She  then  forged  ahead  a  little  ;  but  the  spare 
anchor  of  the  Shannon  entering  the  Chesapeake's  after-port 
on  the  quarter-deck,  held  her  fast.  Captain  Broke  imme- 
diately ran  forward,  and,  finding  that  the  Americans  were 
quitting  their  guns,  ordered  the  ships  to  be  lashed  together, 
and  the  boarders  to  be  called.  "While  zealously  endeavouring 
to  perform  the  first  order,  Mr.  Stevens,  the  boatswain,  re- 
ceived some  severe  sabre-cuts,  and  was  mortally  wounded 
by  musketry  ;  and  Mr.  Samwell,  the  forecastle  mate,  was 
also  mortally  wounded.  At  two  minutes  past  6h.,  Captain 
Broke,  at  the  head  of  not  more  than  twenty  men,  stepped  from 
the  rail  of  the  waist-hammock  netting  to  the  muzzle  of  the 


428  SHANNON   AND   CHESAPEAKE.  [1813. 

after-carronade  of  the  Chesapeake,  and  sprang  from  thence 
upon  her  quarter-deck.  Here  neither  officer  nor  man  was 
visible.  Some  twenty  or  thirty  men,  assembled  in  her  gang- 
ways, made  a  slight  resistance,  but  fled  forward  upon  the 
approach  of  the  British.  They  were  pursued  with  eagerness, 
but  so  great  was  the  panic  wliich  had  seized  the  Americans, 
that  they  tumbled  over  one  another  in  endeavouring  to 
descend  the  fore-ladders,  and  some,  it  is  believed,  fled  over 
the  bows,  and  either  crept  in  at  the  bow-ports,  or  fell  over- 
board in  the  attempt.  The  remainder  laid  down  their  arms. 
Captain  Broke  was  quickly  followed  by  Lieutenants  G.  T.  L. 
"Watt  and  Charles  Leslie  Falkiner,  and  the  main-deck 
boarders.  The  former  was  shot  through  the  foot  from  the 
Chesapeake's  mizen-top,  as  he  was  in  the  act  of  boarding. 
Lieutenant  John  Law,  with  further  reinforcements,  followed  ; 
and  an  •attempt  on  the  part  of  the  Americans  to  regain  the 
quarter-deck  failed. 

A  destructive  fire  was,  however,  still  kept  up  from  the 
main  and  mizen  tops  of  the  Chesapeake  ;  and  this  gave  rise 
to  an  act  of  great  bravery  on  the  part  of  William  Smith, 
midshipman,  who  was  stationed  in  the  Shannon's  fore-top. 
This  gallant  officer,  a  very  powerful  young  man,  passing 
along  the  fore- yard,  succeeded,  at  the  head  of  his  five  men, 
in  boarding  the  Chesapeake's  main-top,  and  quickly  killed  or 
drove  below  every  man  of  the  party.  The  mizen-top  was 
also  cleared  by  Hugh  Cosnahan,  the  midshipman  stationed 
in  the  Shannon's  main-top. 

In  the  meanwhile  occasional  fighting  was  carried  on  upon 
deck ;  but  those  on  the  forecastle  having  submitted,  Captain 
Broke  sent  most  of  his  party  aft,  where  some  opposition  was 
still  continued.  About  a  minute  or  so  before  Mr.  Smith's 
successful  exploit,  Captain  Broke  was  in  the  act  of  giving 
orders  to  silence  the  fire  from  the  enemy's  tops,  when  the 
sentry,  who  had  been  placed  in  charge  of  the  men  that  had 
surrendered,  called  out  loudly  to  the  captain,  who,  on  turn- 
ing round,  found  himself  attacked  by  three  Americans. 
Finding  they  were  superior  in  number  to  the  British,  these 
men  had  resumed  their  arms  ;  and  as  Captain  Broke  turned 
round,  he  parried  the  pike  presented  by  the  middle  one  of 
the  three  with  his  sword,  and  wounded  lnm  in  the  face,  but 
at  the  same  instant  received  a  violent  blow  from  the  butt- 


1813.]  SHANNON  AND  CHESAPEAKE.  429 

end  of  a  musket,  which  bared  his  skull,  and  nearly  stunned 
him.  The  third  man  cut  at  the  captain  with  a  sabre,  and 
brought  him  down  ;  and  in  a  few  seconds  he  must  have 
been  killed,  when  William  Mindham,  who  has  already  been 
mentioned,  with  a  blow  from  his  cutlass,  felled  the  man  to 
the  deck.  Two  or  three  of  the  British  were  also  killed  or 
wounded  by  the  Americans  who  had  previously  accepted 
quarter  ;  and  it  cannot  cause  surprise  if  all  concerned  in  the 
proceeding  fell  before  the  indignant  Britons  who  rushed  to 
their  captain's  rescue. 

While  Captain  Broke  was  having  his  head  tied  up  with  a 
handkerchief,  Mindham,  looking  aft,  pointed  to  the  exchange 
of  colours,  which  denoted  the  Chesapeake's  surrender.  This, 
however,  was  attended  with  a  very  unfortunate  loss.  Lieu- 
tenant Watt  having  procured  an  English  ensign  from  the 
Shannon,  after  hauling  down  the  American  flag,  bent  both 
on  to  the  halyards,  intending  to  hoist  the  British  above  the 
American ;  but  the  halyards  being  foul,  the  American  flag 
became  the  uppermost.  This  was  instantly  perceived  from 
the  Shannon's  quarter-deck ;  and  as  the  two  ships  had 
-separated  a  little,  owing  to  the  quarter-gallery  of  the  Chesa- 
peake having  given  way,  the  idea  that  the  British  had  been 
unsuccessful  occurred,  and  the  firing  recommenced.  The 
mistake  in  the  flags  being  discovered  almost  immediately, 
was  of  course  rectified,  and  the  Shannon's  firing  ceased,  but 
not  until  Lieutenant  Watt  and  four  or  five  of  his  men  were 
killed. 

The  Americans  had  now  entirely  fled  to  the  lower  deck  ; 
but,  opening  a  fire  from  thence,  a  British  marine  was  killed, 
upon  which  Lieutenant  Falkiner  ordered  a  few  muskets  to 
be  fired  amongst  them,  and  all  further  opposition  ceased. 
Captain  Broke  soon  afterwards  fainted  from  loss  of  blood, 
and  was  conveyed  on  board  the  Shannon  in  the  jolly-boat. 
The  short  space  of  eleven  minutes  only  had  elapsed  between 
firing  the  first  gun  and  the  boarding  ;  and  in  four  minutes 
more  the  Chesapeake  was  the  Shannon's  prize. 

The  damages  of  the  Shannon  were  trifling.  A  few  shot 
had  struck  and  passed  through  her  hull,  and  her  lower  masts 
and  shrouds  were  badly  wounded,  and  much  cut.  Out  of 
306  men  and  twenty-four  boys,  her  loss  was  as  follows : — 
Lieutenant  George  Topham  Lawrye  Watt,  George  Aldham, 


430  SHANNON   AND    CHESAPEAKE.  [1813. 

purser,  John  Dunn,  clerk,  seventeen  seamen  and  boys,  and 
four  marines  killed  ;  Captain  Broke  (severely),  the  boatswain 
(mortally),  John  Samwell,  master's  mate,  and  fifty-six  men 
wounded.  Total  :  twenty-four  killed  and  fifty-nine  wounded. 
The  Chesaj)eake,  in  her  short  action,  had  received  much 
damage  ;  two  of  her  main-deck  guns  and  one  on  the  quarter- 
deck were  disabled,  and  much  injury  had  been  done  to  the 
slides  and  carriages  of  others  :  her  three  lower  masts  were 
badly  wounded,  and  the  standing  rigging  was  much  cut. 
Her  loss  in  killed  and  wounded  was  very  severe  :  her  fourth 
lieutenant,  master,  one  lieutenant  of  marines,  three  midship- 
men, and  forty-one  men  were  killed  ;  and  Captain  Lawrence 
and  his  first  lieutenant  (both  mortally),  second  and  third 
lieutenants,  chaplain,  five  midshipmen,  boatswain  (mortally), 
and  ninety-five  men  wounded.  Total :  forty-seven  killed  and 
106  wounded,  fourteen  mortally.  The  above  does  not  in- 
clude the  slightly  wounded  ;  and  the  Chesapeake's  surgeon, 
in  a  letter  written  at  Halifax,  estimated  the  killed  and 
wounded  at  from  160  to  170.1 

A  few  remarks  only  in  reference  to  this  brilliant  action 
are  necessary.  The  crew  of  the  Shannon  had  been  five  years 
together,  commanded  by  the  same  captain,  and  it  is  only 
doing  them  justice  to  say  that  they  were  a  gallant  and  well- 
disciplined  ship's  company  ;  but  the  majority  of  the  crew 
of  the  Chesapeake  had  also  been  together  for  two  years  and 
upwards,  and  in  point  of  bone  and  muscle  were  as  fine  a  set 
of  men  as  the  United  States  could  furnish.  Eleven-twelfths 
were  Americans ;  so  that  a  fairer  opportunity  for  trying  their 
strength  could  not  have  been  desired.  James,  after  most 
diligently  investigating  the  armament  of  the  two  frigates, 
thus  sums  up  the  comparative  force  of  the  combatants  : — 

SHANNON.  CHESAPEAKE. 

t,       -..,  J  No 25 25 

Broadside  guns    . .  j  ffig 538 59Q 

Crew  (men  only) ...     No 306 376 

Size.. Tons    ...    1,066 1,135 

Proving  without  a  doubt  that  whatever  superiority  in  point 
of  force  existed,  was  entirely  in  favour  of  the  Americans. 

1  .Some  six  or  eight  months  antecedent  to  this  battle  a  song  was  pub- 


1813.]        BOATS    OF   KARCISSUS   IN   THE    CHESAPEAKE.  431 

The  Chesapeake,  in  charge  of  the  Snannon's  third  lieu- 
tenant, Falkiner,  having  effected  the  necessary  repairs,  in 
company  with  her  captor  proceeded  to  Halifax,  where  both 
arrived  on  the  6th  of  June.  They  were  received  with  the 
heartfelt  congratulations  and  loud  cheers  of  the  inhabitants 
and  crews  of  the  ships  lying  in  the  harbour.  Captain  Law- 
rence, in  praise  of  whose  bravery  too  much  cannot  be  said, 
died  two  days  previously  of  his  wounds,  and  Captain  Broke, 
in  the  most  precarious  state,  was  removed  to  the  house  of 
Captain  the  Honourable  Philip  Wodehouse,  the  commissioner. 
Lieutenants  Provo  WilHam  Parry  Wallis  and  Charles  Leslie 
Falkiner  were  both  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander ; 
and  the  following  officers  were  highly  commended  in  the 
official  letter  :  viz.  Henry  G.  Etough,  acting  master,  Lieu- 
tenants of  marines  James  Johns  and  John  Law,  and  "William 
Smith,  Hugh  Cosnahan,  John  Samwell,  Henry  Martin  Leake, 
Douglas  Clavering,  George  Raymond,  and  David  Littlejohn, 
midshipmen ;  Mr.  Aldham,  purser,  and  Mr.  Dunn,  clerk, 
which  two  latter  were  killed  at  the  head  of  the  small-arm 
men.  The  acting  master  and  Mr.  Smith  were  in  conse- 
quence promoted  to  be  lieutenants.  Mr.  Cosnahan  had  been 
promoted  on  the  25th  of  March  previous  to  the  action.  The 
Chesapeake's  late  captain  was  buried  at  Halifax  with  all  the 
honours  which  could  be  paid  him,  and  was  followed  to  the 
grave  by  all  the  naval  captains  in  the  port.  Captain  Broke 
was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  a  baronetcy,  and  presented  with 
the  gold  medal.  The  naval  medal  has  been  recently  awarded 
to  the  participators. 

On  the  12th  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Narcissus,  Captain  John  P.  Lumley,  under  the  command 
of  Lieutenant  John  Cririe,  with  Lieutenant  of  marines 
Patrick  Savage,  were  sent  up  York  River  in  the  Chesapeake, 
to  attack  the  United  States  schooner  Surveyor,  mounting- 
six  12-}30under  carronades,  but  having  on  board  only  sixteen 
men.     The  vessel  was  boarded  and  carried  in  the  face  of 

lished  in  the  Naval  Chronicle,  vol.  xxviii.  page  422,  which  contained  the 
following  prophetic  verse  : — 

"And  as  the  war  they  did  provoke, 
We'll  pay  them  with  our  cannon  • 
The  first  to  do  it  will  be  Broke, 
In  the  gallant  ship  the  Shannon." 


432       BOATS  OF  BACCHANTE  AT  GELA  NOVA.     [1813. 

a  severe  fire  of  musketry  ;  but  in  obtaining  this  victory  the 
British  had  three  men  killed  and  six  wounded.  The  defence 
of  the  American  vessel  was  so  gallant,  that  Lieutenant 
Oirie  returned  the  American  captain  his  sword,  paying  him 
many  compliments. 

On  the  12th  of  June,  at  daylight,  Captain  Hoste,  in  the 
Bacchante,  having  discovered  a  convoy  under  the  town  of 
Gela  Nova,  on  the  coast  of  Abruzza,  despatched  the  boats 
under  Lieutenants  Silas  T.  Hood,  Frank  Gostling,  and  Edward 
"Webb  (acting),  Lieutenants  of  marines  Charles  Holmes  and 
William  Haig,  and  William  L.  Rees,  James  Howe,  Thomas 
E.  Hoste,  Thomas  Farewell,  Honourable  W.  Waldegrave, 
Thomas  W.  Langton,  James  McKean,  and  Samuel  Rich- 
ardson.  The  enemy's  force  consisted  of  seven  gun-boats, 
mounting  each  one  long  18-pounder,  three  carrying  each  a 
4 -pounder,  and  fourteen  sail  of  merchant  vessels,  mostly 
armed  ;  besides  which  the  shore  was  lined  by  troops,  having 
two  field-pieces.  As  the  boats  advanced,  they  were  exposed 
to  a  heavy  fire  of  grape  and  musketry ;  but  the  gun-boats 
were  boarded  in  the  most  gallant  manner,  and  the  marines 
having  landed,  drove  the  troops  from  the  beach,  and  captured 
the  two  field-pieces,  which  they  destroyed.  The  British  loss 
on  this  occasion  amounted  to  two  seamen  and  one  marine 
killed,  and  five  seamen  and  one  marine  wounded. 

On  the  23rd  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  32-gnn  frigate 
Castor,  Captain  Charles  Dilkes,  under  Lieutenants  Bassett 
Jones  Loveless  and  Edwyn  Francis  Stanhope,  boarded  and 
brought  out  from  under  the  protection  of  a  strong  fort  on 
the  coast  of  Catalonia  the  French  privateer  Fortune.  The 
privateer  mounted  two  guns  and  two  swivels,  and  had  a 
crew  forty-eight  in  number.  The  loss  in  the  Castors  boats 
amounted  to  four  killed  and  nine  wounded. 

On  the  11th  of  July,  the  18-gun  brigs  Contest  and 
Mohawk,  Commanders  James  Battray  and  the  Honourable 
Henry  D.  Byng,  chased  the  United  States  schooners  Scor- 
pion and  Asp,  at  the  entrance  of  the  Yeocomico  River,  and 
having  anchored  off  the  bar,  a  boat  from  each  brig  was  sent 
to  attack  them,  under  Lieutenants  Roger  C.  Curry  and 
William  Hutchinson,  in  which  were  also  George  Money, 
John  Bradford,  and  Caleb  E.  Tozer,  midshipmen.  After 
a  row  of  four  miles,  the  boats  boarded  the  Asp,  mounting 


1513.]  CAPTURE    OF  THE   ANACONDA.  433 

one  long  18-pounder,  two  18-pounder  carronades,  and 
swivels,  hauled  close  to  the  beach,  where  she  was  protected 
by  a  large  body  of  militia.  After  a  vigorous  resistance,  in 
which  the  British  had  two  men  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
Curry  and  five  men  wounded,  the  vessel  was  carried.  The 
American  lieutenant  was  killed,  and  nine  of  his  crew,  of 
twenty-five  men,  were  either  killed  or  wounded. 

On  the  12th  of  July  a  landing  was  effected  at  Ocracoke. 
The  expedition  was  commanded  in  chief  by  Captain  Ross, 
of  the  Albion.  One  division  consisted  of  fast-rowing  boats, 
under  Lieutenant  George  A.  Westphal.  Captain  David 
Paterson,  of  the  Fox,  commanded  the  flat  and  heavier  boats, 
and  Commander  Henry  L.  Baker,  of  the  Conflict,  the  armed 
tenders  and  small  vessels.  On  rounding  a  point  of  the  bay, 
a  brig  and  schooner  opened  fire,  upon  which  Lieutenant 
Westphal's  division,  covered  by  rockets,  fired  under  the 
direction  of  Captain  Russel,  R.A.,  attacked  and  captured 
them.  The  prizes  were  the  Anaconda  brig,  of  eighteen  long 
9 -pounders,  and  a  letter  of  marque  schooner  mounting  ten 
guns.  The  Anaconda  was  commissioned,  and  the  command 
of  her  given  to  her  gallant  captor,  whose  commander's  com- 
mission was  dated  four  days  previous  to  the  capture. 

On  the  29th  of  July,  the  18-gun  corvette  Martin,  Com- 
mander Humphrey  F.  Senhouse,  having  grounded  on  Crow's 
Shoal,  Delaware  Bay,  was  attacked  by  ten  heavily-armed 
American  gun--boats.  Finding  the  carronades  would  not 
reach  the  enemy,  Captain  Senhouse,  though  despairing  of 
saving  his  vessel,  resorted  to  the  expedient  of  mounting  the 
two  long  nines  on  the  top-gallant  forecastle  and  poop, 
with  which  he  succeeded  in  keeping  the  enemy  at  bay  for 
nearly  two  hours.  At  2h.  p.m.,  the  boats  of  the  Junon 
having  arrived  to  her  assistance,  they,  with  the  Martin's 
boats,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Philip  Westphal, 
proceeded  to  the  attack  of  the  gun-boats ;  and,  although 
warmly  received,  succeeded  in  boarding  and  capturing  one 
of  them,  but  not  without  sustaining  the  loss  of  three  men 
killed  and  four  wounded.  The  remaining  vessels,  though  of 
a  very  powerful  description,  made  off  and  re-entered  the 
river.  The  above  action  was  witnessed  by  hundreds  of 
American  citizens,  to  whom  it  must  have  been  a  mortifying 
sight. 

VOL.  II.  2  F 


434  DOMINICA   AND   DECATUR.  [1813. 

On  the  5th  of  August,  the  14-gun  schooner  Dominica, 
Lieutenant  George  W.  Barrette,  having  under  convoy  the 
Princess  Charlotte  packet,  when  off  the  southern  coast  of  the 
United  States,  fell  in  with  the  Franco- American  privateer 
schooner  Decatur,  mounting  six  12 -pounder  carronades  and 
one  long  18-pomider  on  a  pivot  carriage,  commanded  by  the 
notorious  Dominique  Diron. 

The  Decatur,  after  cannonading  with  her  long  gun,  gra- 
dually closed  from  to  windward,  and  made  two  ineffectual 
attempts  to  board.  At  length  the  Decatur  ran  her  jib-boom 
through  the  Dominica's  main-sail,  when  the  French  crew 
boarded.  The  British,  overpowered  by  numbers,  but  having 
made  a  desperate  resistance,  in  which  Lieutenant  Barrette 
was  killed,  surrendered.  Out  of  fifty-seven  men  and  nine 
boys,  the  Dominica  had  her  commander,  Isaac  Sacker, 
master,  David  Brown,  purser,  William  Archer  and  William 
Parry,  midshipmen,  and  thirteen  seamen  and  boys  killed, 
and  forty-seven  wounded,  being  only  one  short  of  the  whole 
number  on  board.  The  Decatur  commenced  the  action 
with  120  men,  of  whom  four  were  killed  and  fifteen 
wounded.  The  packet  remained  perfectly  neutral  during 
the  action,  and  when  it  was  over  tacked  and  stood  to  the 
southward. 

The  Americans,  unable  to  contend  with  the  squadrons  of 
Great  Britain  on  the  ocean,  endeavoured  to  harass  the 
Canadas  by  a  naval  force  on  the  Lakes  Ontario,  Erie,  and 
Huron,  where  the  British  force  was  small,  ill  manned  and 
inefficiently  commanded.  In  October,  1812,  the  command 
of  the  United  States  squadron  on  the  lakes  was  given  to 
Commodore  Isaac  Chauncey.  The  squadron  then  comprised 
six  large  schooners,  together  mounting  forty-eight  long  guns, 
including  several  24  and  32-pounders,  and  was  manned  with 
500  American  seamen.  By  the  month  of  April,  1813,  this 
squadron  was  increased  to  ten  vessels,  with  which  Commo- 
dore Chauncey  sailed  to  York,  where  a  ship  building  for  the 
British  was  burnt  by  the  Canadians  to  prevent  her  falling 
into  the  enemy's  hands.  Matters  were  in  this  state,  when, 
in  May,  Captain  Sir  James  Lucas  Yeo,  who  had  been  ap- 
pointed to  command  the  squadron  on  the  Lakes,  arrived  at 
Quebec,  having  with  him  four  commanders,  eight  lieutenants, 
twenty-four  midshipmen,  and  450  picked  seamen,  who  had 


1813.]  ACTIONS    ON   THE   LAKES.  435 

been  sent  out  by  the  British  government.  Sir  James  and  his 
party  were  not  long  in  reaching  the  scene  of  his  future  com- 
mand, and  in  less  than  a  month  succeeded  in  getting  ready 
for  service  two  small  ships,  one  brig,  three  schooners,  and 
some  gun-boats ;  and  after  some  unnecessary  delay,  caused 
by  Lieutenant-General  Sir  George  Prevost,  a  landing  was 
effected  at  Sackett's  Harbour  on  the  29th  of  May,  where 
one  ship  was  burnt  on  the  stocks,  and  where  much  more 
would  have  been  effected  had  not  Sir  George  recalled  the 
troops  at  the  time  when  success  was  in  their  grasp. 

The  British  squadron,  in  June,  was  composed  of  the  fol- 
lowing ships :  Wolfe,  twenty-three  guns  and  200  men  ; 
Royal  George,  twenty-one  guns  and  175  men ;  14-gun  brig 
Melville,  100  men  ;  14-gun  schooner  Moira,  12-gun  schooner 
Sidney  Smith,  8-gun  schooner  Beresford,  and  a  few  gun- 
boats ;  making  a  total  of  six  sail,  mounting  ninety-two  guns, 
of  which  two  were  long  24-pounders,  thirteen  long  18- 
pounders,  five  long  12  and  9 -pounders,  and  seventy-two 
carronades  of  various  calibres,  six  being  68-pounders ;  and 
the  total  of  their  crews  717,  including  officers.  The  Ame- 
rican force,  on  the  other  hand,  was  as  follows  :  fourteen  ves- 
sels (one  of  which,  the  General  Pike,  was  a  ship  of  850  tons, 
and  heavily  armed),  mounting  114  heavy  long  guns,  and 
32  and  24-pounder  carronades ;  and  most,  if  not  all,  the 
guns  on  the  upper  decks  of  the  vessels  were  on  pivot  car- 
riages, which  rendered  them  available  on  both  broadsides. 
This  squadron,  still  commanded  by  Commodore  Chauncey, 
was  manned  with  1,190  officers  and  men. 

On  the  8th  of  August,  while  the  American  flotilla  lay  at 
anchor  off  Niagara,  on  Lake  Ontario,  the  British  squadron 
hove  in  sight.  Commodore  Chauncey  immediately  weighed 
and  stood  out  with  his  vessels  formed  in  line  of  battle. 
Light  winds  prevented  Sir  James  Yeo  from  closing  during 
that  day,  and  in  the  night  a  heavy  squall  came  on,  by  which 
two  American  schooners  were  upset,  and  their  crews 
perished.  On  the  9th  the  squadrons  manoeuvred  in  sight 
of  each  other,  but  nothing  decisive  occurred.  On  the  10th, 
in  the  evening,  a  fine  breeze  springing  up,  Sir  James  Yeo 
bore  up  to  the  attack.  Just,  however,  as  the  Wolfe  was  within 
shot  of  the  General  Pike  and  Madison,  the  Americans  bore 
up,  and  made  sail  for  Niagara,  leaving  the  schooners  Julia 
2f2 


436  PELICAN   AND   ARGUS.  [1813. 

and  Growler,  each  armed  with  a  long  12-pounder  on  a  pivot, 
and  manned  with  crews  of  forty  men,  to  be  captured  by 
the  British.  Sir  James  Yeo,  with  his  prizes,  returned  to 
Kingston. 

On  the  12th  of  August,  at  6h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  18-gmi 
brig  Pelican,  Commander  John  Fordyce  Maples,  anchored 
in  Cork  harbour  ;  but  gaining  intelligence  that  an  American 
bri<*  of  war  had  been  committing  depredations  in  St.  George's 
Channel,  the  Pelican  immediately  weighed,  and,  in  the  teeth 
of  a  strong  breeze  and  heavy  sea,  worked  out  of  the  harbour 
and  proceeded   in  quest  of  the  enemy.     On  the  13th,  at 
7h.  30m.  p.m.,  while  running  to  the  eastward  with  the  wind 
from  north-west,  a  large  brig  was  discovered,  and  near  her 
a  vessel  burning.     All  sail  was  instantly  made  in  chase,  but 
during  the  night  the  stranger  was  lost  sight  of.     On  the 
14th,  at  4h.  45m.  a.m.,  the  same  brig  was  seen  making  sail 
from  the  ship  still  burning,  which  vessel  proved  to  be  the 
United  States  20-gun  brig  Argus,  Captain  William  Henry 
Allen.     The  Pelican  bore  up  under  a  press  of  sail  for  the 
Argus,  and  at  4h.  30m.  A.M.,  the  latter,  finding  it  impossible 
to  secure  the  weather  gage,  shortened  sail,  St.  David's  light- 
house bearing  east,  distant  about  five  leagues.     At  6h.  a.m. 
the  Argus  wore  and  fired  her  larboard  broadside,  within 
grape   distance.     The  Pelican  returned  this   fire  with  her 
starboard  guns,  by  which,  in  a  few  minutes,  the  main  braces, 
main  and  spring  stays,  gaff,  and  main-trysail-mast  of  the 
Arous  were  shot  away,  and  Captain  Allen  severely  wounded. 
At   6h.    14m.   the   Pelican  bore  up  with  the  intention  of 
passing  astern  of  her  antagonist ;  but  the  latter  throwing  all 
aback,  frustrated  the  manoeuvre,  and  ineffectually  raked  the 
Pelican.    At  6h.  18m.,  having  shot  away  her  main-topsail-tie 
and  preventor  braces,  the  Pelican  bore  up  under  her  stem, 
raking  her,  and  then  ranged  up  on  her  starboard  quarter. 
The  Argus^  by  this  vigorous  and  well-directed  fire,  soon  had 
her  wheel   ropes   shot   away,   and    became   unmanageable, 
when  she  again  exposed  her  stern  to  the  broadside  of  the 
Pelican.     The  latter  shortly  afterwards  ranged  ahead,  and 
placed  herself  on  the  Argus's  starboard  bow.     The  two  brigs 
having  fallen  foul,  William  Young,  master's  mate,  at  6h.  45m., 
heading  the  Pelican's  boarders,  sprang  on  the  forecastle  of 
the  Argus.     A  shot  from  the   foretop   mortally  wounded 


1813.]  BOXER  AND  ENTERPRISE.  437 

Mr.  Young  almost  as  soon  as  lie  stepped  on  the  deck ;  but 
the  party  he  had  so  gallantly  led  soon  gained  complete 
possession  of  the  vessel. 

The  Pelican's  damages  were  trifling.  Two  carronades 
were  dismounted ;  and  out  of  a  crew  of  101  men  and  twelve 
boys,  Mr.  Young  and  one  seaman  were  killed,  and  five 
wounded.  The  Argus  was  much  struck  by  shot  in  her  hull, 
and  several  guns  were  disabled.  She  commenced  the  action 
with  122  men  and  three  boys,  of  whom  six  were  killed,  and 
her  commander1  and  seventeen  men  wounded.  The  advan- 
tage was  on  the  side  of  the  Pelican.  The  Argus  mounted 
eighteen  24-pounder  carronades,  and  two  long  twelves  ;  and 
the  Pelican  the  usual  armament  of  her  class  —  sixteen 
32-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  9-pounders  ;  notwith- 
standing which,  however,  the  action  was  so  ably  conducted, 
that  its  result  reflected  the  highest  credit  on  Captain  Maples, 
his  officers  and  crew,  while  no  disgrace  attached  to  the  van- 
quished. Captain  Maples,  who  received  his  promotion  on 
the  23  rd  of  the  same  month,  honourably  mentioned  the  first 
lieutenant,  Thomas  Welsh,  acting  master,  William  Glanville, 
purser,  William  Ingram,  and  the  boatswain,  Richard  Scott. 
The  naval  medal  has  been  awarded  for  this  action. 

On  the  oth  of  September,  as  the  14-gun  brig  Boxer, 
Commander  Samuel  Blyth,  was  lying  at  anchor  off  Penguin 
Point,  near  Portland,  in  the  United  States,  the  American 
16-gun  brig  Enterprise,  Lieutenant  William  Burrows,  was 
discovered  in  the  south-east.  At  7h.  30m.  the  Boxer 
weighed,  leaving  her  surgeon  and  two  midshipmen  on  shore, 
and  made  sail  towards  the  stranger.  At  lib.  30m.  a  breeze 
springing  up  from  the  southward  gave  the  Enterprise  the 
weather  gage ;  and  at  2h.  30m.  p.m.,  the  latter  having 
ascertained  her  superiority  of  sailing  on  a  wind,  bore  up  for 
the  British  brig,  displaying  at  the  same  time  three  American 
ensigns,  and  filing  a  shot  of  defiance.  At  3h.  15m.,  the 
Boxer,  being  on  the  starboard  tack,  fired  her  broadside,  and 
received  the  fire  from  the  larboard  guns  of  the  Enterprise, 
when  within  half  pistol-shot.  Captain  Blyth  was  killed  by 
the  first  broadside,  and  the  command  devolved  on  Lieutenant 

1  After  suffering  amputation  of  the  left  thigh,  the  gallant  commander 
of  the  Argus  died  on  the  18th  of  August,  at  Mill  Prison  hospital,  and 
was  buried  with  military  honours  at  Plymouth. 


438  ALPHEA   AND    REXARD.  [1813. 

David  McCreery.  About  the  same  time  Lieutenant  Bur- 
rows, of  the  Enterprise,  was  mortally  wounded  by  a  musket- 
ball,  and  Lieutenant  McCall  succeeded  to  the  command. 
The  American  brig  sailed  much  better  than  the  Boxer,  of 
which  circumstance  advantage  was  taken  by  choosing  her 
own  position,  by  which  means  the  latter  was  soon  reduced 
to  an  unmanageable  state ;  and  after  pouring  in  most 
destructive  raking  broadsides,  Lieutenant  McCreery,  finding 
further  opposition  useless,  ordered  the  colours  to  be  hauled 
down.  Out  of  a  crew  of  sixty  men  and  six  boys,  with  which 
she  commenced  the  action,  the  Boxer  had  her  commander 
and  three  men  killed,  and  seventeen  wounded;  and  the 
Enterprise,  out  of  120  men  and  three  boys,  had  one  man 
killed  ;  her  commander  and  one  midshipman  (mortally),  and 
eleven  men  wounded.  The  two  vessels  were  much  dispro- 
portioned  in  every  way  ;  the  Boxer  measured  181,  and  the 
Enterprise  245  tons.  The  one  was  a  fine  roomy  vessel,  well 
manned  and  equipped,  the  Boxer  a  mere  gun-brig,  unfit  for 
any  other  purpose  than  to  protect  a  convoy  of  coasters  from 
the  attack  of  a  French  lugger.  The  result,  therefore,  cannot 
cause  any  surprise. 

On  the  9th  of  September,  at  3h.  p.m.,  the  8-gun  schooner 
Alphea,  Lieutenant  Thomas  William  Jones,  discovered  and 
chased  the  French  14-gun  privateer  schooner  Benard.  On 
the  10th,  at  lh.  a.m.,  the  Alphea  closed  with  the  enemy, 
and  commenced  a  close  action,  which  was  maintained  with 
great  vigour  on  both  sides.  Owing  to  the  calm  and  heavy 
swell,  the  Alphea  dropped  under  the  bows  of  the  Benard, 
the  crew  of  which  made  several  attempts  to  board,  but  were 
repulsed  on  each  occasion,  the  Alphea  meanwhile  keeping 
up  a  very  destructive  fire,  which  swept  her  opponent's  deck. 
The  schooners  at  length  separated,  and  the  cannonade  was 
kept  up  as  before  until  3h.  30m.,  when  the  Alphea  blew  up 
with  all  her  crew,  originally  consisting  of  forty-one  men  and 
boys,  none  of  whom  were  saved.  The  Benard,  out  of  a  crew 
of  fifty,  had  five  men  killed,  and  her  commander  and  thirty- 
one  wounded. 

Acting  Commander  Bobert  Heriot  Barclay,  one  of  the 
officers  that  had  accompanied  Sir  James  Yeo  from  England, 
in  the  month  of  May,  accepted  the  command  of  the  flotilla 
on  Lake  Erie,  which  appointment  had  been  declined  by 
Commander  William  H.  Mulcaster,  on  the  ground  of  the 


1813.] 


COMMODORE   BARCLAY   ON    LAKE   ERIE. 


439 


bad  state  of  the  vessels.  The  flotilla  consisted  of  only  five 
small  vessels,  wretchedly  manned ;  but  Commodore  Barclay, 
with  a  few  rejected  seamen,  proceeded  to  Aniherstburg, 
where  a  ship  had  been  commenced  building,  to  mount 
eighteen  guns.  To  the  weak  measures  of  the  commander- 
in-chief  of  the  land  forces  were  chiefly  attributable  the  suc- 
cesses of  the  enemy.  The  latter  had  been  suffered  to  build 
vessels  and  equip  them  for  service  without  interruption  ;  and 
consequently,  the  commodore  found  Ms  paltry  ill-manned 
squadron  opposed  to  three  fine  brigs,  each  of  about  450  tons, 
six  large  schooners,  and  a  sloop.  All  these  mounted  heavy 
long  guns,  fitted  on  pivot  carriages,  to  fire  over  all,  a  method 
particularly  eligible  for  vessels  of  their  description. 

On  the  9th  of  September,  the  British  squadron  consisted 
of  the  Detroit  (the  ship  already  named  as  laid  down),  of 
nineteen  guns  (of  four  different  calibres,  taken  out  of  Fort 
Aniherstburg),  bearing  the  commodore's  pendant ;  Queen 
Charlotte  ship,  of  sixteen  24-pounder  carronades,  and  two 
long  nines ;  brig  Hunter,  schooners  Chippeway  and  Lady 
Prevost,  and  sloop  Little  Belt.  The  following  is  a  statement 
of  the  force  of  the  two  squadrons  : — 


Long 


3^ 
©  3 


24-pounder 
18      .,      on  pivot     1 
12 
9 


No.    Total 
o 


> 

> 

1 

» 

2  ditto 
ditto 

8 
12 

8 
2 
2 

I    „ 

15 

> 

1 
12 

Total 

Add  for  pivot  guns 

Total... 

—      35 


28 


Broadside  force 


AMERICAN. 

No.     Total. 
Long  32-pdrs.  on  pivots     3 


4  ditto 

2  ditto 
ditto 


4 
8 
—       15 


—       39 


54 

Add  for  pivot  guns       10 

Total 64 


BRITISH. 

J  No.     34   ... 
(lbs.    459   ... 


AMERICAN. 

..     32 

..   880 


440  ACTION   ON   LAKE   ERIE.  [1813. 

A  twofold  disparity  is  here  shown  in  weight  of  metal, 
"but  in  other  respects  the  British  vessels  laboured  under  a 
still  greater  disadvantage ;  their  equipment  was  most 
wretched — the  guns  on  board  the  Detroit  were  in  such  a 
state,  that  it  was  necessary  to  fire  a  pistol  at  the  touch -hole 
to  discharge  them  !  The  crews  of  the  flotilla  amounted  only 
to  370  men,  as  follows  : — eighty  Canadians,  240  soldiers, 
and  fifty  seamen  !  Commodore  Perry's  squadron,  on  the 
other  hand,  was  manned  by  nearly  600  picked  seamen: 

"Want  of  provisions  and  stores  of  every  description  ren- 
dered it  absolutely  necessary  for  Commodore  Barclay  to  quit 
Amherstburg,  and  offer  battle  to  an  enemy  with  whose  force 
he  was  pretty  well  acquainted  :  and  the  flotilla  accordingly 
got  underway.  On  the  10th  of  September,  soon  after  day- 
light, the  American  squadron  was  discovered  at  anchor  in 
Put-in  Bay,  when  the  latter  weighed,  and  stood  out  to  meet 
the  British.  At  lOh.  a.m.,  the  wind  having  changed  to 
.south-east,  the  British  were  to  leeward,  formed  thus  : — 

Schooner  . .  Chippeway Master's  mate  John  Campbell 

Ship Detroit    Commodore  Robert  H.  Barclay 

„      Queen  Charlotte     Commander  Robert  Finnis 

Brig Hunter   Lieutenant  George  Bignell 

Schooner  . .  Lady  Prevost ....  „  Edward  W.  Buchan 

Sloop     ....  Little  Belt 

At  llh.  4om.  the  Detroit  commenced  action  with  the* 
Lawrence,  Commodore  Perry,  supported  by  the  schooners 
Ariel  and  Scorpion,  and,  after  an  engagement  of  two  hours' 
duration,  the  Lawrence  had  received  so  much  damage  that 
Commodore  Perry  quitted  her,  and  she  struck  her  colours. 
The  Detroit,  however,  had  but  one  boat,  which  was  much 
damaged  and  useless ;  and  the  Lawrence,  not  being  taker- 
possession  of,  dropped  astern  out  of  gun-shot,  and  rehoisted 
her  colours.  The  Queen  Charlotte  in  the  mean  time  was 
engaged  by  the  Niagara,  also  supported  by  two  schooners, 
but  at  long-shot  distance,  where  the  carronades  of  the 
British  ship  were  wholly  ineffective.  In  a  short  time  Cap- 
tain Finnis  was  killed,  and  Lieutenant  John  Stokes,  Ins 
successor,  severely  wounded  by  a  splinter.  Provincial  Lieu- 
tenant Irvine,  a  young  officer  of  spirit,  but  without  any 
experience  in  naval  warfare,  being  incompetent  to  take  the 
command,  the  Queen  Charlotte's  colours  were  hauled  down. 


1813.]  BOATS    OF   SWALLOW   OFF   THE   TIBER.  441 

Commodore  Perry,  after  quitting  the  Lawrence,  repaired 
on  board  the  Niagara,  and,  bearing  down  with  this  fresh 
vessel,  took  a  raking  position  athwart  the  bows  of  the  dis 
abled  Detroit.      Commodore  Barclay,  who   had   previously 
lost  an  arm  m  the  service,  being   severely  wounded,  and 
Lieutenant  John  Garland  mortally  wounded,  the  command 
devolved  on  Lieutenant  George  Inglis,  who  fought  the  shin 
m  a  most  gallant  manner,  and  until  further  resistance  would 
only  have  been  a  wanton  sacrifice  of  the  brave  men  under 
his  command  when  the  colours  of  the  Detroit  were  hauled 
down.     The  Hunter  and  Lady  Prevost  surrendered  at  about 
the  same  time  ;   and  the  Chippeway  and  Little  Belt  were 
soon  afterwards  overtaken  and  captured.     The  British  loss 
amounted  to  Captain  Finnis,  Lieutenant  Garland,  Lieutenant 
(41st  Newfoundland  regiment)  Samuel  Gardner,  and  thirty- 
eight  men  killed  ;  and  Commodore  Barclay  (in  his  remaining 
arm)    Lieutenants   Stoke,    Buchan,   and   Francis   Roulette* 
John  M.  Hoffmeister,  purser,  who  gallantly  volunteered  his 
services  on  deck  (with  the  loss  of  a  leg),  John  Campbell  and 
Henry  Gateslnll,  master's  mates,  James  Foster,  midshipman, 
and  eighty-five  wounded.     The  American  loss  was  reported 
by  Commodore  Perry  at  twenty-seven  killed  and  ninety-six 
wounded,  the  principal  part  of  which  occurred  on  board  the 
Lawrence.     The  Americans  lauded  the  victory  of  Commo- 
dore Perry  m  the  most  absurd  degree  ;  the  facts  given,  how- 
ever   are   indisputable.      Rear-Admiral   Edward   J.  Foote 
president  of  the  court-martial  which  assembled  to  try  Com- 
modore Barclay  and  his  officers  and  crews  for  the  loss  of  the 
L-ake  Erie  flotilla,  passed  a  very  handsome  compliment  on 
their  gallantry  and  great  exertions,  attributing  their  failure 
to  the  defectiveness  of  the  vessels  and  want  of  seamen  to 
man  them.     The  commodore  was  confirmed  in  his  rank 


ot 

not 


commander  on  the  19th  of  November  following,  but  did 
obtain  post  rank  until  1824. 

On.  the  16th  of  September,  at  daylight,  the  18-gmi  brig 
Swallow,  Commander  Edward  R  Sibly,  being  well  in  shore 
between  the  mouth  of  the  Tiber  and  D'Anzo,  a  bri*  and 
xebeck  were  discovered  off  the  latter  harbour.  Three  of  the 
Swallows  boats  were  despatched  in  pursuit,  under  the  orders 
of  Lieutenant  Samuel  E.  Cook,  assisted  by  Master's  mate 
liiomas  Cole,  and  Henry  Thomas,  midshipman,  and  after 


442  TELEGRAPH    AND   FLIBUSTIER.  [1813. 

a  two  hours'  chase  overtook,  close  to  D'Anzo,  the  brig,  which 
was  the  Guerriere,  of  four  guns.  Notwithstanding  the 
assistance  rendered  to  the  latter  by  numerous  boats  from  the 
shore,  and  two  gun-vessels  which  had  taken  the  brig  in  tow, 
Lieutenant  Cook  and  his  gallant  party  boarded  and  carried 
her  ;  but  not  without  sustaining  a  loss  of  two  men  killed, 
and  four  severely  wounded. 

At  daylight  on  the  13th  of  October,  the  12-gun  schooner 
Telegraph,  Lieutenant  Timothy  Scriven,  being  off  the  en- 
trance of  Bayonne  River,  discovered  the  French  16-gun  brig 
Flibustier,  becalmed  under  the  land.  At  this  time  the 
16-gun  brig  Challenger  and  gun-brig  Constant  were  six  or 
eight  miles  distant  in  the  offing.  Favoured  by  a  light 
breeze,  the  Telegraph  approached  the  Flibustier,  which  had 
anchored  under  the  distant  protection  of  a  battery.  At 
6h.  45m.  p.m.  the  Telegraph  opened  fire  from  a  raking  posi- 
tion ahead,  which  was  returned  by  the  brig  with  such  guns 
as  could  be  brought  to  bear.  At  7h,  finding  that  the  two 
brigs  in  the  offing  were  rapidly  approaching,  the  commander 
of  the  Flibustier  set  her  on  fire,  and  the  crew  took  to  the 
boats.  The  brig  blew  up  at  8h.  10m.  The  Telegraph  met 
with  no  loss.  Lieutenant  Scriven  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  commander,  and  continued  in  command  of  the  Telegraph. 

On  the  14th  of  October,  Captain  William  Mounsey,  in 
the  3  6 -gun  frigate  Furieuse,  observed  in  the  fort  of  Mari- 
neilo,  about  six  miles  from  Civita-Vecchia,  a  convoy  of  nine- 
teen vessels,  protected  by  two  gun-boats,  a  fort  of  two  guns, 
a  fortified  tower,  and  a  castle.  A  division  of  seamen  and 
marines,  under  Lieutenants  "Walter  Croker  and  William 
Lester,  and  Lieutenants  of  marines  James  Whylock  and 
William  Davis,  landed  and  stormed  the  fort  on  the  land 
side.  The  Furieuse  attacked  the  battery,  which  was  speedily 
destroyed ;  but  the  French  troops  having  retreated  to  the 
castle,  kept  up  a  galling  fire  of  musketry  from  loop-holes, 
notwithstanding  which  sixteen  vessels  were  captured,  two 
of  which  were  sunk,  but  the  remaining  fourteen,  deeply 
laden,  were  brought  out.  On  the  part  of  the  British,  two 
men  were  killed  and  ten  wounded. 

On  the  18th  of  October,  the  18-gun  brig  Scylla,  Com- 
mander Colin  Macdonald,  in  latitude  47°  30"  north,  longitude 
9°  18'  west,  fell  in  with  the  Franco-Batavian  40-gun  frigate 


1813.]  CAPTURE   OF   WESER   AND    TRAVE.  443 

Weser,  Captain  Cantz  Laar,  which,  in  a  heavy  gale  of  wind 
off  the  Western  Isles,  had  a  few  days  previously  lost  her 
main  and  mizen-niasts.  After  hailing  her  several  times,  the 
Scylla  received  a  broadside  from  the  frigate,  upon  which  she 
made  sail  ahead,  the  boisterous  state  of  the  weather  render- 
ing an  attack  difficult.  On  the  19th,  the  18-gun  brig  Royalist, 
Commander  J.  J.  Gordon  Bremer,  joined  company  and 
engaged  the  Weser,  but  without  effect ;  these  two  brigs, 
however,  continued  to  harass  the  enemy  until  the  21st, 
when  the  74-gun  ship  Rippon,  Captain  Sir  Christopher  Cole, 
joined  company,  upon  which  the  Weser  surrendered.  The 
Scylla  had  two  seamen  wounded,  and  the  Royalist  two  men 
killed,  and  her  first  lieutenant,  James  Waring,  William 
Wilson,  the  master,  and  seven  men  wounded.  The  Weser 
lost  four  men  in  killed,  and  had  fifteen  wounded. 

On  the  21st,  the  Weser's  consort,  40-gun  frigate  Trave, 
Captain  Yan  Muren,  also  dismasted,  was  fallen  in  with  by 
the  16-gun  brig  Achates,  Commander  Isaac  H.  Morrison, 
which  gallantly  engaged  her ;  but  finding  the  enemy  too 
strong,  the  Achates  hauled  off,  and  in  the  night  lost  sight 
of  her.  On  the  23rd,  the  Trave  was  overtaken  and  cap- 
tured, after  a  short  action,  by  the  36-gun  frigate  Andromache, 
Captain  George  Tobin.  The  loss  on  the  part  of  the  Trave 
amounted  to  one  seaman  killed,  and  her  captain,  three 
officers  (one  mortally),  and  twenty-four  men  wounded.  Lieu- 
tenant Thomas  Dickinson  (first),  of  the  Andromache,  and 
one  seaman  were  wounded,  the  former  severely.  The  two 
prizes,  being  new  frigates,  were  added  to  the  British  navy. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  at  8h.  30m.  a.m.,  the  Thunder 
bomb,  Commander  Watkin  O.  Pell,  on  her  way  from  Spit- 
head  to  Woolwich,  observing  a  large  armed  lugger  to  wind- 
ward, hauled  in  for  the  land,  in  the  hope  of  decoying  her 
down.  The  stranger,  which  was  the  16-gun  lugger  privateer 
Neptune,  of  Dunkerque,  having  on  board  a  crew  of  sixty- 
five  men,  taking  the  Thunder  for  a  merchant  ship,  bore  up, 
and  at  lOh.  30m.  p.m.  hailed,  and  ordered  the  Thunder  to 
heave  to  and  surrender.  The  Neptune  then  put  her  helm 
ftp  to  lay  the  Thunder  on  board,  and  just  as  the  latter  had 
put  her  helm  down  and  fired  her  four  carronades  and  a 
volley  of  musketry,  the  lugger  fell  on  board.  A  party  of 
men  instantly  jumped  on  the  privateer's  deck,  and,  after 


444  ACTION    OFF   TOULON.  [1813- 

a  short  resistance,  gained  possession.  The  Thunder  had  only- 
two  men  wounded,  and  the  Neptune  four  killed  and  ten 
wounded.  Commander  Pell,  in  reward  for  this  and  a  long^ 
series  of  gallant  actions,  was  promoted  on  the  1st  of 
November  following.  The  naval  medal  is  also  granted  for 
this  capture. 

On  the  1st  of  November,  the  16 -gun  brig  Snap,  Com- 
mander William  B.  Dashwood,  being  off  St.  Valery,  fell  in 
with  five  French  luggers.  At  9h.  a.m.  the  Snap  bore  up  in 
chase  of  the  two  leewardmost,  and,  after  ten  minutes'  action, 
captured  the  privateer  Lion,  of  Boulogne,  mounting  sixteen 
guns,  with  a  crew  of  sixty-nine  men,  four  of  whom  were 
killed  and  six  wounded.  The  Snap  did  not  sustain  any 
loss. 

On  the  5th  of  November  a  partial  engagement  took 
place  off  Cape  Sepet,  between  the  British  squadron,  under 
Yice- Admiral  Sir  Edward  Pellew,  and  the  French  fleet  of 
thirteen  sail  of  the  line,  under  Comte  Emeriau.  A  change 
of  wind  at  noon  having  separated  five  sail  of  the  line  and 
four  frigates  from  the  main  body,  an  unsuccessful  but  gallant 
attempt  was  made  to  cut  them  off.  The  Caledonia,  bearing 
Sir  Edward  Pellew's  flag,  received  several  shot  in  her  hull, 
and  had  three  seamen  wounded  ;  and  the  San  Josef,  Cap- 
tain William  Stewart,  bearing  liear-Admiral  Sir  Richard 
King's  flag,  had  four  wounded,  including  Lieutenant  of 
marines  William  Clarke,  and  William  Cuppage,  midshipman, 
each  of  whom  lost  a  leg  by  the  same  shot.  The  Boyne  and 
Scipion,  Captains  George  Burlton  and  Henry  Heathcote,  had 
each  one  man  wounded  ;  the  Pembroke,  Captain  James 
Brisbane,  three  men  wounded ;  and  the  Pompee,  two  slightly 
burnt  by  accident.  The  French  squadron  was  much  damaged, 
and  had  seventeen  men  wounded. 

On  the  9th  of  November,  the  boats  of  the  frigate  Un- 
daunted, Captain  Thomas  Ussher,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
Thomas  Hastings,  assisted  by  Lieutenant  of  marines  Harry 
Hunt,  and  the  boats  of  the  Guadaloupe,  under  Lieutenant 
George  Hurst,  and  Alexander  Lewis,  the  master,  landed  at 
Port  Nouvelle,  and  stormed  and  carried  the  batteries  in  a 
very  gallant  manner.  Two  vessels  were  captured  and  five 
destroyed,  and  this  service  was  executed  without  any  loss  to 
the  British. 


1813.]  REDUCTION   OF   ST.    SEBASTIAN.  445 

On  the  26th  of  November,  off  Cape  Rousse,  Corsica,  the 
boats  of  the  74-gun  ship  Swiftsure,  Captain  Edward  S. 
Dickson,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  William  Smith  (4), 
were  despatched  in  pursuit  of  the  French  privateer  schooner 
Charlemagne,  of  eight  guns  and  ninety-three  men.  The 
schooner  was  boarded  in  the  face  of  a  heavy  fire,  and  carried, 
though  not  without  the  heavy  loss  of  Joseph  Douglas,  mid- 
shipman, and  four  men  killed;  and  Lieutenants  Rose  H. 
Fuller  and  John  Harvey  (the  latter  mortally),  Lieutenant  of 
marines  James  R  Thompson,  —  Field,  midshipman,  and 
eleven  seamen  wounded. 

The  officers  and  men  employed  in  the  squadron1  co- 
operating with  the  army  at  the  siege  of  St.  Sebastian  during 
the  months  of  August  and  September,  are  entitled  to  the 
naval  medal.  The  squadron  was  for  the  most  part  under  the 
command  of  Sir  George  Ralph  Collier. 

1  Ajax,  Captain  Robert  W.  Otway  ;  Arrow,  Com.  J.  J.  Aplin ; 
Andromache,  Captain  George  Tobin ;  Beagle,  Com.  John  Smith; 
Challenger,  Com.  Fred.  Vernon  ;  Constant,  Lieut.  J.  Stokes  ;  Dispatch,' 
Com.  Jas.  Galloway ;  Freija,  Com.  W.  I.  Scott  ;  Holly,  Lieut.  S.  S. 
Treacher ;  Juniper,  Lieut.  N.  Vassall ;  Lyra,  Com.  Robert  Bloye  ; 
Magicienne,  Captain  Hon.  W.  Gordon;  President,  Captain  Francis 
Mason  ;  Revolutionnaire,  Captain  J.  C.  Woolcombe  ;  Sparrow,  Com. 
Jos.  N.  Taylor ;  Surveillante,  Captain  Sir  George  R.  Collier.  Those 
serving  in  the  boats  of  such  other  ships  present  during  the  months  cf 
August  and  September,  and  employed  on  the  inner  line  of  sea  blockade, 
are  also  entitled  to  the  medal. 


446  SURRENDER   OF   GLUCKSTADT.  [1814. 


1814. 

On  the  2nd  of  January,  after  a  series  of  skilful  operations, 
to  the  success  of  winch  the  naval  force  under  Captain  Arthur 
Farquhar  importantly  contributed,  the  fortress  of  Gluckstadt 
on  the  Elbe  surrendered.  The  squadron  employed  consisted 
of  the  frigate  Desiree,  Captain  Farquhar ;  sloops  Shamrock, 
Blazer,  and  Hearty,  Commanders  John  Marshall,  John 
Banks,  and  James  Rose,  and  gun-brigs  Piercer  and  Red- 
breast, Lieutenants  Joshua  Kneeshaw  and  Sir  George  Keith. 
Commander  Andrew  P.  Green  was  landed,  in  charge  of  the 
seamen's  batteries  ;  and,  together  with  Lieutenants  David 
Hanmer,  John  Henderson,  Charles  Haultain,  John  Archer, 
and  Leigh  S.  Jack ;  Thomas  Riches,  mate,  John  Hallowes 
and  George  Richardson,  midshipmen,  was  honourably  men- 
tioned for  services  during  the  siege.  Commander  Green  was 
posted,  and  Lieutenants  Kneeshaw,  Haultain,  and  Sir  George 
Keith,  promoted.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  for  the  above 
service. 

On  the  5th  of  January,  at  lOh.  A.M.,  being  off  the  Cape 
de  Yerd  Islands,  the  18-pounder  38-gun  frigates  Niger  and 
Tagus,  Captains  Peter  Rainier  and  Philip  Pipon,  chased  the 
French  40-gun  frigate  Ceres,  Captain  le  Baron  de  Bougain- 
ville. At  llh.  p.m.  the  Niger  fired  her  bow  guns,  winch,  at 
lh.  30m.  A.M.  on  the  6th,  the  Ceres  returned  from  her  stern 
chasers.  At  8h.  15m.  the  Ceres  took  in  her  studding  sails, 
and  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  starboard  tack,  and  soon 
afterwards  the  Tagus,  having  passed  the  Niger,  arrived  within 
gun-shot  of  the  Ceres,  and  commenced  firing.  A  running  fight 
was  maintained  between  the  Tagus  and  Ceres  until  9h.  30m., 
when  the  French  frigate,  having  lost  her  main-topmast,  and 
the  Niger  again  arriving  up  to  take  part  in  the  action, 
surrendered.  No  loss  was  sustained  on  either  side,  and  only 
one  man  was  wounded.  The  prize  was  added  to  the  British 
navy  by  the  name  of  Seine. 

On  the  5th  of  January,  after  ten  days'  cannonading,  the 


1814.]  CAPTURE   OF   IPHIGEKIE   AND   ALCMJtXE.  417 

fortress  of  Cattaro,  in  the  Adriatic,  surrendered  to  the 
38-gun  frigate  Bacchante,  Captain  William  Hoste,  and 
18-giin  brig  Saracen,  Commander  John  Harper.  The  British 
loss  on  this  occasion  was  comparatively  small ;  one  seaman 
was  killed,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines  William  Haig  slightly 
wounded.  Captain  Hoste  mentioned  in  terms  of  the  warmest 
praise  Lieutenants  John  Hancock,  Charles  B.  Milbourne, 
and  William  L.  Bees,  Stephen  Yale,  master  of  the  Bacchante^ 
and  Charles  Bruce,  midshipman. 

On  the  15th  of  January,  the  cutter  of  the  32-gun  frigate 
Castor,  Captain  Charles  Dilkes,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
Bassett  Jones  Loveless,  boarded  and  captured  the  French 
privateer  Heureux,  mounting  one  long  12-poimder,  with 
twenty-five  men,  moored  close  under  the  guns  of  Montjui, 
on  the  Catalonian  coast.  Lieutenant  Loveless  lost  his  left 
arm  at  the  shoulder-joint  on  this  occasion,  and  one  man  was 
also  severely  wounded. 

.'.-  On  the  16th  of  January,  at  7h.  a.m.,  while  cruising  off  the 
Canary  Isles,  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Iphigenie  and 
Alcmene,  Captains  Emeric  and  Villeneuve,  fell  in  with  the 
74-gun  ship  Venerable,  Captain  James  A.  Worth  (bearing 
the  flag  of  Bear-Admiral  Durham),  22-gun  ship  Cyane, 
Captain  Thomas  Forrest,  and  prize  brig  Jason,  Lieutenant 
Thomas  Moffat.  The  British  ships  immediately  hauled  to 
the  wind  in  chase,  and  at  6k  15m.  p.m.  the  Venerable 
opened  fire  upon  the  Alcmene.  Meditating  a  bold  manoeuvre, 
the  frigate,  putting  her  helm  up,  ran  the  Venerable  on  board, 
expecting  to  be  seconded  by  her  consort,  in  accordance  with 
a  preconcerted  arrangement.  The  Iphigenie,  however,  hauled 
sharp  up,  leaving  the  Alcmene  to  her  fate,  when  Captain 
Worth,  at  the  head  of  a  party,  boarded,  and  at  6h.  30m. 
hauled  down  the  French  colours.  The  Alcmene,  out  of  319 
men  and  boys,  had  thirty  killed,  and  fifty  officers  and  men 
wounded,  including  among  the  latter  her  captain.  In  the 
meanwhile  the  Cyane  and  Jason  (the  latter  mounting  two 
guns  only)  proceeded  in  chase  of  the  Ipliigenie,  and  at 
lOh.  p.m.  the  brig,  having  outrun  the  Cyane,  gallantly 
opened  upon  the  frigate.  At  12h.  45m.  the  Cyane  com- 
menced firing  her  bow-chasers,  and  continued  to  fire  occa- 
sionally until  4h.  30m.  a.m.,  when  she  dropped  astern.  The 
pursuit  continued  during  the  17th,  18th,  and  19th,  and  on 


448  CREOLE  AND   ASTREA   WITH   ETOILE,   ETC.  [1814. 

the  20th  the  Venerable  was  within  two  miles  of  the  French 
frigate.  At  8h.  a.m.,  after  a  running  fight,  the  Iplngenie 
fired  her  broadside,  and  struck  her  colours.  Neither  ship 
sustained  any  loss.  The  prizes  were  added  to  the  British 
navy,  under  the  names  of  Gloire  and  Dunira.  The  naval 
medal  has  been  awarded  to  the  Venerable  and  Cyane. 

On  the  18th  of  January,  at  4h.  a.m.,  in  latitude  24°  north, 
longitude  53°  west,  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Etoile  and 
Sultane,  Captains  Phillibert  and  Thuars,  fell  in  with  the 
24-pounder  40-gun  frigate  Severn,  Captain  Joseph  Nourse, 
steering  nearly  before  the  wind,  in  charge  of  a  convoy  from 
England.  The  Severn  having  ascertained  that  the  strangers 
were  enemies,  made  all  sail  away,  ordering  the  convoy  to 
disperse.  At  noon  the  Severn  lost  sight  of  the  convoy,  and 
commenced  firing  her  stern  guns.  After  pursuing  the  Severn 
till  the  morning  of  the  19th,  the  French  frigates  relinquished 
the  chase,  and  proceeded  to  the  Cape  de  Verds. 

On  the  23rd  of  January,  at  9h.  55m.  a.m.,  the  18-pounder 
36-gun  frigates  Creole  and  Astrea,  Captains  George  Charles 
Mackenzie  and  John  Eveleigh,  got  sight  of  the  mastheads 
of  the  frigates  above  named.  Not  finding  their  signals 
answered,  the  British  ships,  at  llh.  30m.  a.m.,  wore  and 
stood  in  for  the  anchorage.  At  noon  the  Etoile  and  Sultane 
weighed  and  made  sail  on  the  larboard  tack  (wind  north-east), 
followed  by  the  Creole  and  Astrea.  Soon  afterwards  the 
latter,  in  a  heavy  squall,  split  her  three  topsails.  At  lh.  p.m. 
the  Creole,  which  ship  had  for  some  time  been  firing  her 
bow  guns,  ranged  up  on  the  starboard  beam  of  the  Sultane, 
and  received  the  French  ship's  broadside.  The  Astrea  also 
bearing  up,  passed  under  the  stern  of  the  Sultane,  opened 
her  fire,  and  then  gallantly  luffed  up  between  the  latter  and 
the  Creole.  At  2h.  15m.  p.m.  the  Astrea  made  sail,  and 
stood  on  to  engage  the  Etoile,  then  lying  about  half  a  mile 
ahead,  with  her  mizen-topsail  aback,  leaving  the  Creole  to 
engage  the  Sultane.  At  2h.  30m.  the  mizen-mast  of  the 
Sultane  was  shot  away,  and  the  action  continued  between 
these  two  ships  until  3h.  p.m.,  when  the  Creole,  having  her 
masts  badly  wounded,  and  standing  and  running  rigging 
much  cut,  put  her  helm  up  and  quitted  the  contest. 

At  2h.  30m.  the  Astrea  shot  ahead  of  the  Etoile,  and, 
luffing  across  her  bows,  raked  her ;  but  at  this  moment  the 


1*814:.]  CAPTURE    OF   TERPSICHORE.  449 

Astrea  having  her  wheel  shot  away,  payed  round  off.  The 
Etoile  then  wore  and  passed  close  astern  of  the  Astrea, 
pouring  in  a  destructive  fire,  cutting  her  rigging  to  pieces, 
and  ripping  up  her  decks.  The  two  ships  then  became 
closely  engaged  yardarm  and  yardarm.  Captain  Eveleigh 
fell  mortally  wounded,  and  was  carried  below.  Lieutenant 
John  Bulford  then  succeeded  to  the  command,  and  continued 
the  action  with  great  gallantry.  At  3h.  10m.,  when  the 
Creole  had  withdrawn  from  the  contest  in  the  manner  already 
described,  the  Sultane  made  sail  to  the  assistance  of  the 
Etoile,  and  at  3h.  30m.  passed  to  leeward  of,  and  raked  the 
Astrea  with  great  effect.  The  Sultane  then  bore  up,  soon 
after  which  her  main-topmast  went  over  the  side.  The 
Astrea  and  Etoile  continued  as  before  closely  engaged,  and  at 
2h.  50m.  the  mizen-mast  of  the  former  went  by  the  board. 
Nothing  saved  the  Astrea  from  capture  but  the  forbearance 
of  her  enemies  ;  for  just  as  the  victory  was  within  reach,  the 
Etoile  bore  up  to  rejoin  her  consort.  The  Astrea  having 
partly  refitted,  stood  towards  St.  Jago  in  search  of  the 
Creole,  which,  at  about  6h.  p.m.,  she  joined  in  Port  Praya 
Bay. 

The  Creole,  out  of  284  men  and  boys,  had  one  masters 
mate,  seven  seamen,  and  two  marines  lolled,  and  twenty-six 
wounded.  The  Astrea,  besides  her  gallant  captain,  had  eight 
men  killed  and  thirty- seven  wounded,  four  dangerously  and 
eleven  severely.  The  loss  on  board  the  French  frigates 
amounted  to  forty  killed  and  sixty  wounded. 

On  the  2nd  of  February,  at  8h.  p.m.,  in  latitude  36°  41' 
north,  longitude  22°  IP  west,  the  56  (razeed  74)  gun  frigate 
Majestic,  Captain  John  Hayes,  chased  the  United  States 
corvette  Wasp.  At  daylight  on  the  3rd,  when  distant  about 
four  miles  from  the  Wasp,  four  sail  were  seen,  which  proved 
to  be  the  French  40-gun  frigates  Atalante  and  Terpsichore, 
and  a  Spanish  20-gun  ship  and  merchant  brig,  their  prizes. 
At  8h.  30m.  a.m.  Captain  Hayes,  being  in  doubt  as  to 
whether  the  strangers  were  American  frigates,  hauled  to  the 
wind  on  the  larboard  tack,  but  at  lOh.  bore  up  in  chase.  At 
llh.  30m.  the  enemy  formed  in  line  ahead,  with  the  prizes  to 
windward;  but  at  llh.  45m.  bore  up  under  all  sail,  the 
prizes  making  off  to  the  eastward.  At  3h.  p.m.  the  Majestic, 
going  at  the  rate  of  ten  knots,  commenced  firing  her  bow 

VOL.  II.  2  G 


450  ACTION   OFF   TOULOX.  [1814. 

guns,  and  after  a  running  fight  of  nearly  two  hours'  duration, 
the  Terpsichore  hauled  down  her  colours.  The  wind  in  the 
meanwhile  had  increased  so  much,  that  the  captain  of  the 
Terpsichore  considered  it  dangerous  to  round  the  ship  to. 
Having  been  repeatedly  fired  at,  however,  this  was  at  length 
done  ;  but  it  was  with  difliculty  that  part  of  the  prisoners 
could'be  removed.  The  Atalante  escaped.  The  Terpsichore, 
out  of  320  men  and  boys,  had  three  killed  and  six  wounded, 
but  the  Majestic  had  no  one  injured.  The  armament  of  the 
Majestic  was  as  follows  :— main  deck,  twenty-eight  long 
32-pounders ;  upper  deck,  the  same  number  of  42-pounder 
carronades. 

On  the  13th  of  February,  a  French  squadron  of  three  sail  of 
the  line  and  three  frigates,  under  Rear- Admiral  Kerjulien, 
was  chased  into  Toulon  by  the  British  fleet,  commanded  by 
Vice- Admiral  Sir  Edward  Pellew.  The  98-gun  ship  Boyne, 
Captain  George  Burlton,  closely  followed  by  the  Caledonia, 
Captain  Algernon  Lord  Percy,  bearing  Sir  Edward  Pellew's 
flag,  gallantly  engaged  the  enemy,  and  in  endeavouring  to  cut 
off  the  74- gun  ship  Bomulus,  the  Boyne  was  in  great  danger 
of  getting  on  shore.  After  a  very  spirited  action  with  the 
French  ship,  and  being  also  fired  at  from  numerous  batteries, 
the  Boyne  and  Caledonia  were  obliged  to  give  up  the  pursuit. 
The  Boyne's  nmen-topsail-yard  was  shot  away,  and  the  ship 
much  cut  up  in  the  hull  and  spars.  George  Terry,  midshipman, 
and  one  seaman  were  killed;  and  —  Saunders,  midslnpman,  and 
thirty-nine  men  wounded.  The  Romulus  had  seventy  killed 
and  wounded,  and  the  French  frigate  Adiienne  eleven  men 
wounded.  Sir  Edward  Pellew,  in  his  official  letter,  mentioned 
in  the  highest  terms  the  gallant  behaviour  of  Captain  Burlton, 
in  the  Boyne,  and  at  the  same  time  handsomely  noticed  the 
zeal  and  ability  of  Lord  Percy  (now  duke  of  Northumberland), 
his  flag  captain. 

Since  the  early  part  of  February,  and  during  the  month 
of  March,  the  United  States  32-gun  frigate  Essex,  Captain 
David  Porter,  and  the  20-gun  armed  ship  Essex  Junior  (pre- 
viously the  Atlantic  British"  whaler),  were  blockaded  in 
Valparaiso  by  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Phoebe,  Captain 
James  Hillyar,  and  24-gun  ship  Cherub,  Captain  Thomas 
Tudor  Tucker.  On  the  28th  of  March,  in  a  heavy  squall, 
the  Essex  drove   out  to  sea,  when  she  was  compelled  to 


1814.]  PHCEBE   AND   ESSEX.  451 

engage  the  British  ships,  and  after  much  clever  manoeuvring 
on  both  sides,  in  the  course  of  which  the  American  frigate 
endeavoured  to  run  ashore,  the  Essex  hauled  down  her 
colours  and  the  numerous  motto  flags  which  had  been  dis- 
played on  the  occasion.  About  forty  of  her  crew  escaped 
to  the  shore ;  many  perished  in  the  attempt,  and  others 
were  preserved  by  the  British  boats.  Specie  to  the  amount 
of  £11,000,  taken  out  of  the  British  packet  Norton,  had 
been  removed  to  the  shore  some  time  previous  to  the  capture 
of  the  Essex. 

The  Phoebe  had  her  masts,  sails,  and  rigging  cut,  and  seven 
32-pound  shot  had  struck  her  near  the  water-line.  Out  of 
a  crew  of  300  men  and  boys,  her  first  lieutenant  (William 
Ingram)  and  three  seamen  were  killed,  and  seven  wounded. 
The  Cherub  also  received  damage  to  her  sails  and  rigging, 
and  her  loss  amounted  to  one  marine  killed,  and  Captain 
Tucker,  severely,  and  two  men  slightly  wounded.  The 
Essex  commenced  the  action  with  265  men  and  boys,  of 
whom  twenty-four  were  killed,  and  forty-five  wounded.  The 
Phoebe  measured  926  tons,  and  mounted  the  usual  forty-two 
guns  of  her  class  ;  and  the  Cherub  eighteen  carronades, 
32-pounders,  on  her  main  deck,  and  six  18-pounder  carro- 
nades  and  two  long  sixes  on  her  quarter-deck  and  forecastle. 
The  Essex  was  of  807  tons,  and  mounted  twenty-four 
32-pounder  carronades  on  the  main  deck,  and  sixteen 
32-pounders  and  four  long  twelves  on  the  quarter-deck  and 
forecastle.  Total :  forty-six  guns.  Lieut.  Charles  Pearson, 
who,  in  charge  of  the  Essex,  and  accompanied  by  the  Phoebe, 
arrived  at  Plymouth  on  the  13th  of  November,  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  commander.  The  naval  medal  is  granted  for 
the  capture  of  the  two  vessels. 

On  the  25th  of  February,  in  the  forenoon,  in  latitude 
47°  40'  north,  longitude  9°  30'  west,  the  38-gun  frigate 
Eurotas,  Captain  John  Phillimore,  being  on  the  larboard  tack, 
close-hauled,  bore  up  in  chase  of  the  French  40-gun  frigate 
Clorinde.  At  4h.  p.m.  the  wind  shifted  from  south-west  to 
north-west,  and  fell  considerably,  but  the  Eurotas  continued 
to  gain  in  the  chase,  and  having  arrived  within  four  miles 
of  the  Clorinde,  the  latter  took  in  her  studding-sails,  and 
endeavoured  to  haul  across  the  bows  of  the  British  ship, 
which  hastened  on  the  action.  At  4h.  50m.  the  Eurotas 
2g2 


452  EUROTAS   AND   CLORINDE.  [1814. 

hoisted  her  colours,  as  did  also  the  Clorinde.  At  5h.  the 
Eurotas,  being  on  the  weather  quarter  of  the  Clorinde,  bore 
up  and  passed  under  her  stern,  and,  after  discharging  the  lar- 
board broadside,  luffed  alongside  her  antagonist.  The  action 
lasted  with  great  fury  for  about  twenty  minutes,  when  the 
Eurotas  having  fore-reached  upon  her  opponent,  her  mizen- 
mast  was  shot  away  by  the  board,  and  nearly  at  the  same 
time  the  fore-topmast  of  the  Clorinde  came  down.  At 
6h.  20m.,  the  Eurotas  having  lost  her  mainmast,  the  ene- 
my's frigate  headed  her ;  but  when  a  little  on  the  weather 
bow,  fell  off,  either  accidentally  or  by  design,  and  crossed  the 
Eurotas's  bows.  The  Eurotas  then  hoisted  her  jib,  and  endea- 
voured to  lay  the  Clorinde  on  board,  but  without  success. 
The  combatants  were,  however,  soon  again  abreast,  and  the 
action  was  renewed.  Shortly  afterwards  the  main  and  mizen 
masts  of  the  Clorinde  fell,  the  head  of  her  foremast  being 
already  shot  away  ;  but  in  the  meanwhile,  the  Eurotas 
having  been  totally  dismasted,  the  Clorinde,  whose  fore-yard 
was  still  across,  was  enabled  with  the  remains  of  her  fore- 
sail to  get  beyond  the  range  of  her  enemy's  guns. 

Captain  Phillimore,  who,  since  the  early  part  of  the  action, 
had  been  severely  wounded  by  a  grape-shot  in  the  shoulder, 
now  consented  to  go  below,  and  Lieutenant  Robert  Smith 
succeeded  to  the  command.  The  boat's  masts  were  then 
stepped  on  the  booms,  and  the  sails  set  to  keep  the  ship's 
head  towards  the  enemy,  and  surprising  exertions  made 
throughout  the  night  to  erect  jury-masts.  At  6h.  15m.  a.m. 
on  the  26th,  the  Eurotas  had  got  up  three  effective  masts, 
and  was  gaining  on  the  Clorinde,  then  distant  about  five 
miles  ;  but  at  8h.  30m.  another  frigate  hove  in  sight.  As 
the  stranger  did  not  answer  the  private  signal,  although  kept 
flying  half  an  hour,  she  was  conjectured  to  be  an  enemy,  and 
the  Eurotas  rounded  to  until  lOh.  a.m.,  when,  observing  the 
stranger  hoist  English  colours  and  fire  a  gun,  she  resumed 
her  course,  going  six  knots  with  a  northerly  breeze.  The 
Eurotas's  rate  of  sailing  would  soon  have  brought  her  along- 
side the  Clorinde,  that  ship  being  in  the  same  dismasted  state 
as  on  the  previous  evening. 

The  stranger  was  the  18-pounder  36-gun  frigate  Dryad, 
Captain  Edward  Galway,  and  having  closed  the  Clorinde, 
that  ship,  displaying  French  colours  aft  and  English  colours 


1814.]  EUROTAS   AND   CLORINDE.  453 

forward,  sent  a  boat  proposing  terms  of  capitulation.  These 
were  of  course  refused  ;  and  at  lh.  35m.  p.m.  the  Dryad 
taking  her  station  on  the  Clorinde's  quarter,  fired  a  shot  into 
her,  when  the  French  frigate  surrendered.1  At  this  time  the 
Eurotas  was  not  more  than  three  or  four  miles  to  windward, 
and  the  Achates  about  the  same  distance  to  leeward.  Out 
of  329  men,  the  Eurotas  had  Jeremiah  Spurking,  Charles 
Greenway,  and  John  T.  Yaughan,  midshipmen,  thirteen 
seamen,  four  marines,  and  one  boy  killed;  and  Captain 
Phillimore  (veiy  severely  by  a  canister  shot),  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Henry  Foord,  John  It.  Brigstock,  midshipman, 
thirty  seamen,  and  six  marines  wounded.  Total :  twenty- 
one  killed  and  thirty-nine  wounded.  The  Clorinde  was 
commanded  by  Captain  Legarde,  and  out  of  344  men  and 
boys,  had  thirty  killed  and  forty  wounded.  She  was  added 
to  the  British  navy  under  the  name  of  Aurora.  Lieutenant 
Smith  was  deservedly  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 
The  naval  medal  is  granted  to  those  serving  in  the  Eurotas 
only. 

On  the  7th  of  March,  the  boats  of  the  frigates  Belvidera 
and  Endymion,  and  Battler  sloop,  under  command  of  Lieu- 
tenant John  Sykes,  first  of  the  Belvidera,  drove  on  shore  at 
Sandy  Hook,  and  destroyed  the  United  States  privateer 
Mars,  of  fifteen  guns  and  seventy  men. 

On  the  12th  of  March,  at  2h.  p.m.,  in  latitude  43°  15' 
north,  longitude  10°  56'  west,  the  18-gun  brig  Primrose, 

1  In  reviewing  the  merits  of  this  action,  James  places  great  stress 
upon  the  alleged  superiority  of  the  armament  of  the  Eurotas  over  the 
18 -pounders  of  her  opponent.  The  goodness,  however,  of  any  invention 
can  only  be  tested  by  time.  The  Congreve  guns,  with  which  the  main 
deck  of  the  Eurotas  was  armed,  have  long  ceased  to  exist  in  the  British 
navy,  affording  a  fair  presumption  that  they  did  not  possess  the  good 
qualities  attributed  to  them.  The  superiority  of  long  guns  of  proper 
weight  over  every  other  description  of  ordnance  has  been  so  far  admitted  by 
competent  judges,  that  in  the  present  enlightened  age  of  gunnery,  they 
are  exclusively  adopted  in  every  class  of  vessel  which  will  bear  them. 
An  officer  on  board  the  Eurotas  thus  described  the  performance  of  the 
Congreve  guns  :—  "They  were  light  guns  to  work,  but  so  lively  that  the 
allowance  of  powder  was  very  soon  obliged  to  be  reduced  one-third,  and 
subsequently  one-half.  About  an  hour  and  a  half  after  the  commence- 
ment of  the  action  one  of  them  made  a  jump,  and  actually  touched  the 
beams  of  the  forecastle  deck  ;  in  fact,  it  was  so  hot  that  we  were  obliged 
to  discontinue  using  it."       ^ 


454  PRIMKOSE   AND   MARLBOROUGH.  [1814. 

Commander  Charles  G.  R.  Phillott,  chased  a  sail  to  leeward, 
which  proved  to  be  the  King's  packet  brig  Marlborough, 
John  Bull  commander,  bound  to  Lisbon.  The  Marlborough 
taking  the  Primrose  for  an  American,  made  sail  from  her, 
at  the  same  time  hoisting  the  private  signal,  but  which, 
from  the  smallness  of  the  flags  employed,  could  not  be  dis- 
tinguished. When  it  became  dark  the  packet  made  the 
night  signal,  but  it  also  was  not  understood.  At  7h.  55m. 
the  Marlborough  opened  fire  from  her  stern  chasers,  which 
damaged  the  rigging  of  the  Primrose ;  but  at  8h.  15m.  the 
latter  ranged  up  on  the  packet's  larboard  quarter,  and 
hailed  twice.  No  other  answer  was  returned  than  the  Marl- 
borough's broadside,  by  which  Andrew  Leech,  the  master, 
and  two  men  were  severely,  and  three  slightly,  wounded 
on  board  the  Primrose.  The  Primrose  returned  the  fire  as 
her  guns  bore,  and  endeavoured  to  lay  the  packet  on  board ; 
but,  from  the  loss  of  her  head-braces,  was  unable  to  carry 
this  design  into  effect,  and  dropped  astern.  Having  repaired 
her  damages,  the  Primrose  again  made  sail  and  reopened  her 
fire,  when,  in  answer  to  a  third  hail,  Captain  Phillott  learnt 
the  true  character  of  his  opponent.  The  Marlborough,  at 
the  conclusion  of  this  unfortunate  but  gallantly-conducted 
affair,  had  three  feet  water  in  her  hold,  and  her  masts  and 
rigging  injured.  Her  loss  amounted  to  Adjutant  Andrews, 
of  the  60th  regiment,  and  another  passenger,  killed;  and 
her  master  and  nine  men  wounded.  The  total  loss  sustained 
by  the  Primrose  was  one  seaman  killed,  the  master  (danger- 
ously), Peter  Belches,  master's  mate  (severely),  and  twelve 
men  wounded. 

On  the  26th  of  March,  at  9h.  a.m.,  the  French  frigates 
Sultane  and  Etoile  (the  former  under  jury-topmasts  and 
ndzenmast),  whose  actions  with  the  Astrea  and  Creole  have 
already  been  related,1  being  about  twelve  leagues  from  the 
Isle  of  Bas,  fell  in  with  the  38-gun  frigate  Hebrus,  Captain 
Edmund  Palmer,  and  16-gun  brig  Sparrow,  Commander 
Francis  E.  Loch.  The  frigates  were  steering  a  course  for 
St.  Malo,  with  the  wind  from  south-west,  and  thick  weather. 
The  Sparrow  was  close  enough  to  receive  several  shot  in 
crossing  the  frigates,  by  which   her  master  was  killed  and 

1  See  p.  448,  ante. 


1814.]  HEBRUS   ANT>  ETOILE.  455 

one  seaman  -wounded.  The  Hebras,  in  passing  to  windward 
of  the  frigates,  exchanged  broadsides  with  them,  and 
at  9h.  40m.  the  74-gun  ship  Hannibal,  Captain  Sir  Michael 
Seymour,  was  seen,  as  the  fog  cleared  up,  coming  down 
under  a  press  of  sail.  At  llh.  the  wind  shifted  and  blew 
strong  from  the  northward,  upon  which  the  Sultane,  being 
now  to  leeward,  hauled  up,  east  by  north,  pursued  by  the 
Hannibal,  while  the  Etoile,  with  the  wind  on  her  larboard 
quarter,  continued  her  course,  followed  by  the  Hebrus  and 
Sparrow.  At  2h.  p.m.  the  Hebrus  lost  sight  of  the  Han- 
nibal, and  at  5h.  of  the  Sparrow.  The  Etoile  then  hauled 
up  east  by  north,  and  at  midnight  reached  the  Race  of 
Alderney,  when,  the  wind  heading,  the  Hebrus  took  in  her 
studding-sails.  At  lh.  45m.  a.m.  on  the  27th,  the  Etoile 
rounded  Pointe  Jobourg,  almost  within  wash  of  the  breakers, 
and  opened  her  fire,  which  was  quickly  returned  by  the 
Hebrus  as  she  ran  under  the  stern  of  the  Etoile  to  get 
between  that  ship  and  the  shore.  The  Hebrus  passed  her 
so  closely  that  her  jib-boom  was  over  the  French  ship's 
taffrail,  and  the  land  within  musket-shot  of  the  starboard 
beam.  It  falling  calm  about  this  time,  the  two  ships 
remained  nearly  stationary  during  the  remainder  of  the 
action,  which  lasted  till  4b.,  when  the  Etoile,  having  lost 
her  mizenmast,  ceased  firing,  and  hailed  to  say  that  she  had 
struck.  It  then  became  necessaiy  to  get  beyond  the  reach 
of  a  battery,  which  continued  to  annoy  both  ships.  The 
tide  fortunately  set  them  round  Pointe  Jobourg,  and, 
at  7h.  a.m.  the  Hebrus  and  prize  anchored  about  five  miles 
from  the  shore  in  Vauville  Bay. 

The  Hebrus  had  several  guns  dismounted;  and  out  of 
a  crew  of  284  men  and  boys,  P.  A.  Crawley,  midshipman, 
and  twelve  seamen  were  killed ;  and  twenty  seamen,  two 
marines,  and  three  boys  wounded.  The  Etoile  was  much 
shattered ;  and  out  of  325  men  and  boys,  forty  were  killed 
and  seventy-three  wounded,  including  among  the  latter 
some  who  had  not  recovered  from  their  wounds  received  in 
the  previous  action.  The  Etoile  mounted  twenty-eight  long 
18-pounders  on  her  main  deck,  and  fourteen  carronades, 
24-pounders  and  two  long  eights,  on  the  quarter-deck  and 
forecastle.  The  Hebrus  had  two  guns  less  on  the  main 
deck ;   but  her  carronades  were   32-pounders.     Lieutenant 


456  DESTRUCTION   OF   REGULUS,  ETC.  [1814. 

Robert  M.  Jackson  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander. 
Commander  William  Sargent,  a  visitor  on  board  the  Hebrus, 
rendered  very  important  services  in  fighting  the  ship,  and 
which  were  handsomely  acknowledged  in  Captain  Palmer's 
official  letter.  The  ability  and  gallantry  displayed  on  this 
occasion  were  noticed  by  the  well-merited  grant  of  the  gold 
medal  to  Captain  Palmer.  The  naval  medal  is  also  awarded 
to  the  participators  in  this  well-execnted  capture. 

The  Hannibal  overtook  the  Sultane,  which,  after  firing 
her  broadside,  surrendered  at  about  4h.  30m.  p.m.  of  the 
26th.  The  two  frigates  were  added  to  the  British  navy, 
the  Sultane  under  the  same  name,  but  the  Etoile  became 
the  Topaze. 

On  the  2nd  of  April,  the  24-gun  ship  Porcupine,  Captain 
John  Coode,  at  anchor  above  Pouillac,  in  the  river  Gironde, 
despatched  the  boats  under  Lieutenant  Robert  G.  Dunlop 
after  a  French  flotilla,  which  ran  on  shore  under  the  pro- 
tection of  a  body  of  troops.  Lieutenant  Dunlop  having 
dispersed  the  troops,  brought  off  a  brig,  six  gun-boats,  a 
schooner,  and  an  imperial  barge.  The  loss  in  this  very 
dashing  affair  amounted  to  two  seamen  missing,  and  fourteen 
wounded. 

On  the  evening  of  the  6th  of  April,  the  74-gun  ship 
Centaur,  Captain  John  C.  White,  joined  the  Egmont,  Rear- 
Admiral  Penrose,  in  the  Gironde,  with  a  view  to  the 
destruction  of  the  74-gun  ship  Regulus,  three  brigs,  and 
some  other  vessels;  but  during  the  night  the  enemy  set  fire 
to  the  French  ships,  which  were  totally  destroyed. 

On  the  7th  of  April,  a  division  of  boats,  containing  136 
men,  from  a  squadron,  under  Captain  the  Honourable  Tho- 
mas B.  Capel,  of  the  74-gun  ship  Hogue,  with  the  Endy- 
mion  and  Maidstone  frigates,  and  14-gun  brig  Borer,  were 
sent  to  attempt  the  capture  of  some  vessels  in  the  river 
Connecticut,  near  Pettipague  Point.  The  officers  employed 
on  this  service  were  Commander  Richard  Coote,  of  the 
Borer,  Lieutenant  Henry  Pyne,  and  Lieutenant  of  marines 
Walter  G.  Lloyd.  On  the  8th,  after  a  skirmish  with  the 
Americans,  twenty-seven  vessels  were  destroyed,  together 
with  a  quantity  of  naval  stores.  In  the  evening  the  boats 
returned,  having  sustained  a  loss  of  two  men  killed  and  with 
two   wounded.     For  his   skill   and   gallantry,    Commander 


1814.]  EPERVIER  AND  PEACOCK.  457 

Coote  obtained  post  rank,  and  Lieutenant  Pyne  was  made  a 
commander.     This  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 

On  the  20th  of  April,  the  36-gun  frigate  Orpheus,  Captain 
Hugh  Pigot,  having  in  company  the  12 -gun  schooner  Shel- 
burne,  Lieutenant  David  Hope,  captured,  in  latitude  24° 
north,  longitude  82°  west,  the  United  States  18-gun  corvette 
Frolic,  Master  Commandant  Joseph  Bainbridge.  The  prize 
measured  540  tons,  and  was  added  to  the  British  navy  as 
a  22-gun  ship,  and  renamed  the  Florida. 

On  the  29th  of  April,  the  18-gun  brig  Epervier,  Com- 
mander Richard  Walter  Wales,  having  sailed  from  the 
Havana  on  the  26th,  with  118,000  dollars  on  board,  and 
being,  at  7h.  30m.  a.m.,  hi  latitude  27°  47'  north,  longitude 
80°  11'  west,  came  in  sight  of  the  United  States  18-gun 
corvette  Peacock,  Captain  Lewis  Warrington,  then  bearing 
south-west,  wind  being  east-south-east.  On  the  23rd  of 
February,  the  Epervier,  off  Cape  Sable,  had  captured, 
without  opposition,  the  American  16-gun  privateer  brig 
Alfred,  manned  with  a  crew  of  108  men.  On  his  way  with 
the  prize  to  Halifax,  Captain  Wales  discovered  that  a  por- 
tion of  his  own  crew  were  conspiring  with  the  late  crew  of 
the  Alfred  to  rise  upon  the  British  officers,  and  to  carry  one 
or  both  of  the  vessels  to  the  United  States.  The  Epervier 
and  prize,  however,  reached  Halifax,  where  Captain  Wales 
represented  to  the  senior  officer  at  that  port  his  doubts 
respecting  the  crew ;  but  it  appears  the  facts  were  not  con- 
sidered  such  as  to  warrant  a  trial,  and  as  men  were  scarce, 
a  removal  was  not  thought  advisable.  Captain  Wales 
therefore  was  on  the  point  of  meeting  a  formidable  enemy, 
when,  at  the  same  time,  his  confidence  in  his  own  men  was 
greatly  weakened,  and  the  sequel  proved  that  his  suspicions 
were  but  too  well  grounded. 

At  9h.  a.m.  the  Epervier  came  round  on  the  larboard 
tack,  in  order  to  keep  between  two  merchant  vessels  under 
her  convoy.  The  Peacock,  favoured  by  a  change  of  wind  to 
the  southward,  then  rapidly  closed  the  Epervier.  At  lOh. 
the  corvette,  decorated -with  numerous  flags  and  ensigns,  was 
within  half  gun-shot  and  nearly  ahead  of  the  Epervier,  when 
the  latter  bore  up  until  close  upon  the  Peacock's  larboard 
bow,  then  luffing  up,  she  passed  ahead  of  the  Peacock,  firing 
her  starboard  broadside.     Three  of  the  Epervier's  guns  were 


458  EPERVIER  AND  PEACOCK.  [1814. 

dismounted  by  the  first  discharge,  the  fighting-bolts  giving 
way ;  but  these  were  soon  replaced,  and,  having  tacked  and 
shortened  sail,  the  Epervier  became  closely  engaged  with  the 
Peacock,  both  vessels  a  few  points  from  the  wind  on  the 
starboard  tack,  the  Epervier  being  to  windward.  The  con- 
tinual discharge  of  langridge  and  bar  and  star  shot  from  the 
Peacock  in  a  short  time  unrigged  the  Epervier,  and  cut  her 
sails  into  ribands.  A  well-directed  fire  from  the  British 
vessel  had,  however,  knocked  away  her  enemy's  fore-yard, 
when  several  carronades  upset  from  the  breaking  of  the 
fighting-bolts,  which  accidents  were  constantly  occurring 
during  the  action.  To  add  to  these  disasters,  the  brig's 
main-boom  was  cut  in  two,  and,  falling  upon  the  wheel, 
rendered  her  unmanageable  and  she  broached  to.  The  Pea- 
cock having  much  head-way,  however,  was  able  to  fire  only 
a  few  shot  with  effect.  Soon  afterwards  the  main-topmast 
of  the  Epervier  was  shot  away,  after  which  the  Peacock's 
fire  was  directed  at  her  hull,  which  disabled  every  remaining 
gun  but  one  of  her  larboard  broadside.  An  attempt  was  con- 
templated to  wear  the  Epervier,  so  as  to  oppose  her  star- 
board broadside  to  the  enemy,  but  this  was  found  imprac- 
ticable without  falling  on  board  the  Peacock ;  and  as  a 
large  proportion  of  the  crew  of  the  Epervier  evinced  a  great 
distaste  for  the  measure,  Captain  Wales  had  no  alternative 
but  to  surrender.  The  colours  of  the  Epervier  were  there- 
fore hauled  down  at  llh. 

Besides  the  damages  already  specified,  most  of  the  lower 
rigging  of  the  Epervier  was  shot  away,  and  her  foremast 
was  left  so  tottering  that  the  calm  state  of  the  weather  alone 
saved  it  from  falling.  Her  hull  was  shot  in  every  direction, 
and  she  had  five  feet  water  in  the  hold.  Her  loss,  out  of  a 
crew  of  102  men  (including  a  passenger)  and  sixteen  boys, 
amounted  to  eight  killed,  and  her  first  lieutenant  (John 
Hackett)  and  fourteen  men  severely  and  slightly  wounded.1 
Lieutenant  Hackett  had  his  left  arm  shattered  about  the 

]  At  the  time  the  Epervier  engaged  the  Peacock,  only  three  men  in  a 
watch,  exclusively  of  the  petty  officers,  were  able  to  take  the  helm  or 
lead,  and  two  of  her  men  were  each  seventy  years  of  age  !  She  had 
?ome  blacks,  several  foreigners,  lots  of  disaffected,  and  few  even  of  ordi- 
nary stature  ;  in  short,  the  crew  of  the  Epervier  was  a  disgrace  to  the 
deck  of  a  British  man-of-war. — James. 


1814." 


ABDICATION   OF   NAPOLEON. 


459 


middle  of  the  action,  and  was  also  severely  wounded  in  the 
hip  by  a  splinter  ;  but  it  was  with  difficulty  that  this  gallant 
officer  could  be  persuaded  to  allow  himself  to  be  earned 
below.  The  damages  received  by  the  Peacock  were  very 
slight  *  and,  out  of  a  picked  crew  of  185  seamen,  only  two 
were  wounded.  Captain  Wales  and  his  officers  were  tried 
and  honourably  acquitted. 

On  the  31st  of  March  the  allied  armies  entered  Paris, 
and  the  preliminary  treaty  agreed  to  put  a  temporary  stop 
to  the  war  in  Europe.  Louis  XVIII.  landed  at  Calais  from 
Dover  on  the  same  day ;  and  on  the  28th  of  April  Napo- 
leon, after  signing  his  abdication  at  Fontainebleau,  embarked 
on  board  the  38-gun  frigate  Undaunted,  Captain  Thomas 
Ussher,  to  be  conveyed  to  Elba. 

On  the  25th  of  May,  the  boats  of  the  Elizabeth,  Captain 
Edward  L.  Gower,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Mitchell 
Roberts,  boarded,  near  Corfu,  and  captured  the  French 
national  xebeck  Aigle,  of  six  guns  and  forty-one  men. 
Mr.  Roberts  was  promoted  in  July  following,  and  the  action 
entitled  the  participators  to  the  naval  medal. 

The  war  with  America,  however,  continued  to  be  carried 
on  with  spirit.  After  much  exertion  on  both  sides,  the  rival 
squadrons  on  the  lakes  consisted  of  the  following  : — 


BKITISH. 

Prince  Regent 

Tons. 
.  1,310  . 

Hong 
•Sunsjcarrs. 

24-pndrs.  . 
68    Z 

-.  28  main  deck 
4  spar  deck 
4 

\     >> 

32    „ 
Total... 

22         „ 
-.58 

[  medium  24-pndrs. . 

.  24  main  deck 

Princess  Charlotte . 

.      815 

..2uns<     " 
°         )  carrs. 

68    ',', 
32 

2  spar  deck 
2        „ 
14        , 

Total. 


42 


The  former,  which  was  under  Commander  Richard  O'Con- 
nor, and  bore  the  broad  pendant  of  Commodore  Sir  James 
L.  Yeo,  had  a  crew  of  485  men  and  boys,  and  the  latter  of 
315.  Besides  the  above,  there  were  the  Niagara  (late  Royal 
George),   mounting   two   long    18-pounders,    and   Montreal 


460  OPERATIONS   OX   LAKE   ONTARIO.  [1814. 

(late  Wolfe),  of  four  32-pounder  carronades;  brigs  Charwell 
and  Magnet  (late  schooners  Maria  and  Sidney  Smith),  and 
schooners  Star  and  Netley  (late  Melville  and  Beresford),  all 
armed  as  before.  The  Americans  possessed  the  62-gun  ship 
Superior,  of  1,600  tons,  mounting  thirty  medium  32-pound- 
ers  on  her  main  deck,  and  two  long  24-pounders  and  thirty 
carronades  42-pounders  on  the  spar-deck,  with  a  crew  of 
550  men ;  the  Jones  and  Jefferson  brigs,  each  mounting 
twenty-two  42-pounder  carronades  and  a  long  24-pounder 
on  a  pivot  carriage ;  and  1 6-gun  brig  Sylph. 

On  the  5th  of  May,  Sir  James  Yeo,  in  the  Prince  Regent, 
with  the  Princess  Charlotte,  Montreal,  Niagara,  Charwell, 
Star,  and  Magnet — Captain  William  H.  Mulcaster,  and 
Commanders  Stephen  Popham,  Francis  B.  Spilsbury,  Alex- 
ander Dobbs,  Charles  Anthony,  and  Edward  Collier — having 
on  board  1,100  troops,  under  Lieutenant-General  Drum- 
mond,  arrived  off  Oswego,  on  Lake  Ontario.  Captain  Col- 
lier, in  the  Magnet,  having  reconnoitred  the  enemy's  de- 
fences, preparations  were  made  to  attack  them  ;  but  a  heavy 
gale  rendered  it  necessary  for  the  squadron  to  gain  an  offing. 

On  the  morning  of  the  6th  the  squadron  again  stood  in, 
and  everything  being  in  readiness,  the  boats,  with  a  division 
of  200  seamen  armed  with  pikes,  under  Captain  Mulcaster, 
400  marines  under  Major  Malcolm,  and  140  troops,  the 
whole  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  Fischer,  pushed  off  in  the 
boats  of  the  squadron.  Under  cover  of  the  fire  of  the  Star 
and  Charwell,  the  whole  landed  in  good  order,  although 
exposed  to  a  continual  discharge  of  grape  from  the  batteries, 
and  of  musketry  from  500  regulars  and  militia  stationed  on 
the  brow  of  a  hill.  In  ascending  the  eminence,  a  destructive 
fire  was  opened  from  the  fort,  and  from  American  riflemen 
on  the  flanks.  The  latter  were,  however,  attacked  and  dis- 
persed by  the  Glengarry  light  infantry  and  two  companies 
of  De  Watteville's  regiment,  under  Captain  De  Berry.  The 
seamen  then  succeeded  in  driving  200  Americans  into  the 
woods,  and  mounting  the  ramparts  in  gallant  style,  gained 
possession  of  the  fort.  Lieutenants  John  Hewett  and  James 
Laurie,  of  the  marines,  were  amongst  the  first  to  enter  the 
fort,  and  the  former  climbed  the  flag-staff  in  the  face  of  the 
American  riflemen,  and  tearing  down  the  colours  which 
were  nailed  to  it,  replaced  them  with  British.    Owing  to  the 


1814.]  ACTION    IN   SANDY    CREEK.  461 

shoalness  of  the  water,  the  two  large  ships  could  not  get 
near  enough  to  participate,  but  the  Montreal,  Niagara,  and 
smaller  vessels  were  closely  engaged  with  the  batteries,  by 
which  the  former  was  several  times  set  on  fire. 

The  loss  sustained  in  this  brilliant  affair  amounted  to 
Captain  of  marines  William  Holtaway  and  fourteen  men 
killed;  and  Captain  Mulcaster  (dangerously),  Commander 
Popham,  Lieutenant  Charles  W.  G.  Griffin,  John  Richardson, 
master  of  the  Montreal,  Lieutenant  of  marines  John  Hewett, 
one  captain,  and  one  lieutenant  of  De  Watteville's  regiment, 
and  fifty-eight  men  wounded.  The  Americans  acknowledged 
to  a  loss  of  six  killed  and  thirty-eight  wounded,  and  twenty- 
five  missing,  but  the  British  made  sixty  prisoners.  Three 
schooners,  seven  heavy  long  guns,  a  large  quantity  of 
ordnance  and  naval  stores,  and  2,400  barrels  of  provisions, 
fell  into  the  hand  of  the  captors,  and  three  24-pounders,  four 
smaller  guns,  one  schooner,  the  barracks,  and  all  other  public 
buildings  were  destroyed. 

By  the  capture  of  a  boat  from  Oswego,  containing  naval 
stores,  Sir  James  Yeo  gained  intelligence  that  eighteen  other 
boats,  similarly  laden,  were  lying  in  Sandy  Creek,  watching 
an  opportunity  to  enter  Sackett's  Harbour.  On  the  30th  of 
May  he  despatched  Commanders  Popham  and  Spilsbury, 
with  180  seamen  and  marines,  for  the  purpose  of  cutting 
them  out.  On  arriving  within  a  short  distance  of  the  enemy, 
Lieutenants  Thomas  S.  Cox  and  Patrick  McVeagh,  with  the 
marines,  landed,  one  on  each  bank  of  the  river,  the  latter 
being  accompanied  by  Lieutenant  Brown  with  the  cohorn 
and  small-arm  party.  They  were,  however,  attacked  by  a 
party  of  150  riflemen,  200  Indians,  and  a  large  body  of 
militia  and  cavalry,  lying  in  ambush,  and,  after  a  noble 
resistance,  were  overpowered  and  made  prisoners.  Their 
loss  amounted  to  Mr.  Hoare,  master's  mate,  and  eighteen 
men  killed,  and  fifty  dangerously  and  badly  wounded,  in- 
cluding Lieutenants  Cox  and  McVeagh.  Had  it  not  been  for 
the  generous  exertions  of  Major  Appling,  the  greater  part, 
if  not  the  whole,  of  the  British  would  have  fallen  sacrifices 
to  their  savage  enemies. 

On  the  14th  of  June,  the  boats  of  the  74-gun  ship  Superb, 
Captain  the  Honourable  Charles  Paget,  were  sent  away  under 
the  orders  of  Lieutenant  James  Garland,  together  with  two 


462  REINDEER   AND   WASP.  [1814. 

boats  of  the  Primrose,  Commander  George  Hilton,  to  endea- 
vour to  effect  the  destruction  of  some  ships  and  vessels  at 
Wareham,  a  town  situated  at  the  head  of  Buzzard's  Bay,  or 
River,  in  the  state  of  Connecticut.      The  intricacy  of  the 
navigation  rendered  the  undertaking  one  of  great  difficulty, 
but,  notwithstanding,  Lieutenant  Garland  completely  suc- 
ceeded in  his  object,  Avithout  incurring  the  slightest  loss.    The 
vessels  destroyed  by  him  measured  in  the  aggregate  2,522 
tons,  and  he  also  burnt  down  a  large  cotton-manufactory, 
valued  at  half  a  million  of  dollars.    In  order  to  make  good  his 
retreat  during  daylight,  uninterrupted  by  a  large  body  of 
militia  assembling  on  the  banks  of  a  narrow  stream  through 
which  he  had  to  pass,  Lieutenant  Garland  used  the  precaution 
of  securing  some  of  the  principal  inhabitants  of  the  place, 
whom  he  carried  with  him  as  hostages  for  the  observance  of 
a  truce  until  he  was  beyond  the  reach  of  harm.    This  measure 
had  the  desired  effect,  and  the  hostages  were  relanded  at  the 
first  convenient  spot. 

On  the  28th  of  June,  at  daylight,  in  latitude  48°  36'  north, 
longitude  11°  15'  west,  the  18-gun  brig  Reindeer,  Commander 
William  Manners,  bore  up  before  a  light  breeze  from  north- 
east, in  chase  of  the  United  States  18-gun  corvette  Wasp, 
Captain  Johnston  Blakeley.  At  3h.  15m.  p.m.,  being  within 
musket-shot  on  the  starboard  and  weather  quarter  of  the 
American  corvette,  the  Reindeer  opened  fire  from  a 
12-pounder  carronade  mounted  on  her  forecastle,  and  at 
3h.  26m.  the  Wasp  luffed  across  the  Reindeer's  bows,  firing 
her  starboard  guns.  The  Reindeer  then  ranged  up  on  the 
larboard  beam  of  the  enemy,  and  a  spirited  cannonade  ensued, 
which  continued  until  5h.,  when,  in  consequence  of  her  un- 
manageable state,  the  Reindeer  fell  foul  of  the  Wasp,  her 
bow  coming  in  contact  with  the  enemy's  larboard  quarter, 
and  in  this  position  became  exposed  to  a  destructive  raking 
fire.  Captain  Manners,  who  had  been  badly  wounded  in  the 
calves  of  the  legs  at  the  commencement  of  the  action,  con- 
tinued at  his  station  encouraging  the  crew  by  his  heroic 
example.  Shortly  afterwards  a  canister-shot  passed  through 
both  his  thighs,  and  he  fell  on  his  knees,  but  quickly  sprang 
up  again,  and,  although  bleeding  profusely,  refused  still  to  go 
below.  By  this  time  the  grape  and  musketry  from  the  Wasp 
had  caused  such  havoc,  that  Captain  Manners  determined  on 


1814.]  HEROIC   DEATH   OF   CAPTAIN   MANNERS.  463 

an  attempt  to  board  his  opponent,  and,  calling  to  his  crew  to 
follow  him,  was  in  the  act  of  ascending  the  main  riggino-  of 
the  Reindeer  with  that  design,  when  two  musket-balfs  from 
the  main-top  of  the  Wasp  penetrated  his  skull,  and  came 
out  beneath  his  chin.  Placing  one  hand  on  his  forehead,  and 
with  the  other  convulsively  brandishing  his  sword,  he 
exclaimed,  "Oh  God!"  and  dropped  lifeless  on  his  own 
deck  ! l  At  4h.  the  American  crew  rushed  in  a  body  on 
board  the  Reindeer,  and  carried  her  without  further  re- 
sistance.2 The  hull  of  the  Reindeer  was  literally  cut  to 
pieces,  and  her  masts  were  in  a  tottering  state.  Out  of 
ninety-eight  men  and  twenty  boys,  with  which  she  com- 
menced the  action,  her  commander,  John  T.  Barton,  purser, 
and  twenty-three  men  were  killed  ;  and  her  only  lieutenant' 
Thomas  Chambers,  Matthew  Mitchell,  master's  mate,  Henry 
Hardiman,  midshipman,  her  boatswain,  and  thirty-seven  men 
wounded.  Total :  twenty-five  killed  and  forty-two  wounded. 
The  crew  of  the  Wasp  numbered  173  men,  and  -she  had 
eleven  killed  and  fifteen  wounded.  The  Reindeer  was 
destroyed  by  the  captors,  and  the  Wasp  arrived  at  L'Orient 
on  the  8th  to  refit. 

On  the  12th  of  July,  the  4-gun  cutter  Landrail,  Lieutenant 
Robert  D.  Lancaster,  when  crossing  the  Channel,  engaged 
the  United  States  privateer  schooner  Syren,  mounting  one 
long  18-pounder  on  a  pivot,  four  long  6-pounders,  and  two 
18-pounder  carronades,  and  manned  with  a  numerous  crew. 
The  action  lasted  two  hours,  at  the  expiration  of  which  the 
Landrail,  being  in  a  shattered  and  unmanageable  state,  and 

1  James,  in  describing  the  conduct  of  Captain  Manners,  indulges  his 
readers  with  the  following  well-meant,  and  not  inappropriate,  quotation 
from  Glover :—  * 

"To  live  with  fame 
The  gods  allow  to  many  ;  but  to  die 
With  equal  lustre  is  a  blessing  Heaven" 
Selects  from  all  the  choicest  boons  of  fate, 
And  with  a  sparing  hand  on  few  bestows." 

2  This  may  be  pronounced  one  of  the  best-fought  sloop  actions  of  the 
war.  The  British  crew  had  long  served  together,  and  Captain  Manners 
was  the  idol  and  delight  of  his  men.  They  were  called  the  pride  of 
Plymouth.  Gallant  souls  !  they  wanted  but  as  many  like  themselves 
is  would  have  brought  them  in  number  within  a  fourth  of  their  oppo- 
nents, and  the  Americans  would  have  had  to  rue  the  day  that  the  Wasp 
encountered  the  Eeindeer. — James. 


464  DEATH    OF   SIR   PETER   PARKER.  [1814. 

with   seven   out   of  her   crew   of  nineteen   men   and   boys 
wounded,  surrendered. 

On  the  night  of  the  12th  of  August,  Commander  Alex- 
ander Dobbs,  of  the  Charwell,  stationed  in  the  Niagara  river, 
proceeded  in  the  execution  of  a  plan  he  had  formed  for 
destroying  three  of  the  enemy's  schooners  attached  to  Fort 
Erie.  These  were  the  Ohio,  Somers,  and  Porcupine.  In 
order  to  put  this  into  execution,  Captain  Dobbs  caused  his 
gig  to  be  carried  across  from  Queenstown  to  Frenchman's 
Creek,  a  distance  of  twenty  miles,  when,  by  the  aid  of  a 
party  of  Canadian  militia,  he  succeeded  in  conveying  five 
bateaux  a  distance  of  eight  miles  to  Lake  Erie.  The 
British  party  numbered  only  seventy-five,  but  these  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  alongside  of,  and  in  carrying,  sword  in 
hand,  two  of  the  schooners — the  Ohio  and  Somers.  Captain 
Dobbs  was  assisted  in  his  hardy  enterprise  by  Lieutenant 
Coplestone  RadclifTe  (who  was  killed),  and  John  G-rindred 
and  George  Hyde,  mates  of  the  Star  and  Charwell.  Besides 
Lieutenant  Radcliffe,  one  man  was  killed  and  four  wounded ; 
and  the  Americans  had  one  killed  and  seven  wounded.  The 
third  schooner  would  in  all  probability  have  shared  the  fate 
of  her  consorts,  but  the  cables  of  the  two  captured  vessels 
having  been  cut,  they  drifted  past  the  Porcupine,  among 
the  rapids.  Captain  Dobbs  was  wounded  a  few  days  after- 
wards in  an  unsuccessful  attack  upon  Fort  Erie  in  conj unction 
with  General  Drummond. 

On  the  30th  of  August,  Captain  Sir  Peter  Parker,  at  the 
head  of  a  party  of  104  seamen  and  marines,  landed  from  the 
38-gun  frigate  Menelaus,  then  at  anchor  off  Moorfields,  in 
Chesapeake  Bay,  and  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  a  band  of 
American  volunteers,  under  Colonel  Read,  who  were  drawn 
up  in  line,  and  flanked  by  some  pieces  of  artillery.  The 
British  advanced  gallantly,  and  having  fired,  charged  and 
drove  the  enemy  through  their  camp  into  the  woods,  and 
continued  to  follow  them  until  the  brave  Sir  Peter  Parker, 
John  T.  Sandes,  midshipman,  and  twelve  men  were  killed, 
and  twenty-seven  wounded,  including  among  the  latter  Lieu- 
tenants of  marines  Benjamin  G.  Benyon  and  George  Poe. 
The  remainder  retreated  and  regained  their  ship,  carrying 
with  them  the  body  of  their  intrepid  captain,  thus  unhappily 
lost  to  his  country. 


1814.]  AVON   AND   WASP.  465 

On  the  1st  of  September,  at  7h.  p.m.,  the  18-gun  brig 
Avon,  Commander  the  Honourable  James  Arburthnot,  being 
off  L' Orient,  fell  in  with  the  American  corvette  Wasp,  which 
had  only  recently  quitted  that  port,  completely  refitted.  At 
8h.  38m.,  after  making  night  signals  to  the  stranger,  the 
Avon  fired  two  shot  at  her,  and  at  9h.  20m.,  being  then  on 
the  Wasp's  lee-bow,  Captain  Arburthnot  hailed,  but  without 
receiving  any  definite  answer.  Soon  afterwards  the  Avon  was 
hailed  and  ordered  to  heave  to  ;  but  this  the  latter  declined, 
and  at  9h.  25m.  set  the  fore-topmast  studding-sail.  At 
9h.  2Gm.,  the  Wasp  having  fired  a  shot,  the  Avon  commenced 
the  action  by  the  discharge  of  her  larboard  guns,  when  the 
Wasp  bore  up,  and,  running  under  the  Avon's  lee,  at  9h.  30m. 
opened  her  larboard  broadside,  and  in  a  few  minutes,  the 
span  of  the  Avon's  peak  halyards  having  been  shot  away, 
the  boom  main-sail  fell  upon  and  covered  the  aftermost  guns 
on  the  engaged  side.  The  Avon's  mainmast  soon  afterwards 
fell  by  the  board,  thus  leaving  the  brig  in  an  ungovernable 
state,  and  incapable  of  resistance.  At  lOh.  12m.  Captain 
Blakely  hailed  to  know  if  the  Avon  had  surrendered,  and 
was  answered  in  the  affirmative  ;  but  just  as  the  boat  from 
the  Wasp  was  on  the  eve  of  taking  possession,  a  strange 
sail  was  discovered  close  at  hand.  This  was  the  18-gun  bri^ 
Castilian,  Commander  David  Brainier.  The  Wasp  imme- 
diately made  sail,  pursued  by  the  Castilian,  which  at  llh. 
40m.  fired  her  lee  guns  at  the  Wasp  ;  but  the  repeated 
signals  of  distress  made  by  the  Avon  induced  Captain 
Brainier  to  discontinue  the  chase  of  the  enemy,  and  to  close 
the  shattered  brig.  Captain  Brainier  soon  became  aware  that 
the  Avon  was  sinking,  and  immediately  sent  away  all  her 
boats  to  save  the  people  ;  and  at  lh.  A.M.on  the  2nd,  just  as 
the  last  boat  had  left  the  Avon,  she  went  down,  affording 
sufficient  proof  that  she  had  not  been  surrendered  without 
good  reason.  Out  of  104  men  and  thirteen  boys,  the  Avon 
lost  her  first  lieutenant  (John  Prendergast)  and  nine  men 
killed,  and  Captain  Arburthnot,  Lieutenant  John  Harvey, 
John  Travers,  midshipman,  and  twenty- nine  men  wounded. 
The  Wasp  received  some  trifling  damages  by  the  Avon's  fire, 
and  had  two  men  killed  and  two  wounded.  The  Wasp  did  not 
regain  a  port  in  the  United  States,  having,  it  is  supposed, 
foundered  off  Madeira  about  the  latter  end  of  the  same  month. 

VOL.  II.  2  H 


466  OPERATIONS   ON   LAKE   HURON.  [1814. 

The  Americans,  after  their  victory  over  Commodore  Bar- 
clay's flotilla,  recovered  the  command  of  Lake  Erie  ;  besides 
which  they  became  masters  of  Lakes  Huron  and  Superior, 
and  of  the  large  territory  of  Michigan,  together  with  five 
tribes  of  Indians,  previously  allies  of  the  British.  Every- 
thing seemed  to  favour  their  conquest  of  Upper  Canada;  but 
the  Americans  had  become  lukewarm  and  tired  of  the  war. 
The  command  of  the  flotilla  on  Lake  Erie  had  devolved  on 
Captain  Arthur  Sinclair,  who,  taking  with  him  the  brigs 
Niagara  and  St.  Lawrence,  and  schooners  Caledonia,  Ariel, 
Scorpion,  and  Tigress,  in  the  month  of  July  departed  for 
Lake  Huron,  to  capture  the  British  port  of  Michilimacinac, 
situated  at  the  head  of  the  lake.  The  American  squadron, 
however,  on  the  4th  of  August  met  a  repulse.  Obtaining  infor- 
mation that  Lieutenant  Miller  Worsley,  with  the  British  North- 
West  Company's  schooner  Nancy,  was  at  Nattawasaga,  Cap- 
tain Sinclair  proceeded  thither,  after  sending  the  St.  Lawrence 
and  Caledonia,  with  a  portion  of  troops,  to  co-operate  with 
the  American  army  at  Fort  Erie. 

The  Nancy  was  lying  about  two  miles  up  the  Nattawa- 
saga, under  the  protection  of  a  block-house  (mounting  two 
24-pounder  carronades  and  a  long  6-pounder),  built  on  a 
peninsula  near  Gloucester  Bay.  The  enemy  anchored  within 
a  short  distance  of  the  block-house,  and  opened  fire  from  the 
twenty-four  heavy  pieces  of  ordnance  mounted  on  the  broad- 
sides of  the  three  vessels.  The  fire  from  the  block-house  was 
maintained  with  considerable  spirit,  but  Lieutenant  Worsley, 
finding  the  odds  too  great  against  him  (he  having  only 
twenty-three  men  with  him,  while  the  attacking  force  ex- 
ceeded 500  in  number),  determined  on  abandoning  the  place. 
Just  as  he  had  prepared  a  train  leading  to  the  Nancy  from 
the  block-house,  to  be  ignited  previously  to  retreating,  a 
shell  pitched  on  board  the  schooner,  and  igniting  the  train, 
both  were  blown  up.  Lieutenant  Worsley  and  his  gallant 
party  embarked  in  a  boat  and  escaped  up  the  river,  and  the 
whole  of  the  company's  richly-laden  canoes  got  into  French 
River.  Having  achieved  this  victory,  Captain  Sinclair  de- 
parted in  the  Niagara  for  Lake  Erie,  leaving  the  schooners 
Scorpion  and  Tigress  to  reduce  the  garrison  of  Michili- 
macinac. 

After   remaining   some   few   days   at   their  station,    the 


1814.]  CAPTURE   OF   TIGRESS   AND    SCORPION.  467 

American  schooners  removed  to  the  neighbourhood  of  St. 
Joseph's,  where,  on  the  25th  of  August,  they  were  disco- 
vered by  a  party  of  Indians  on  their  way  to  the  British 
fort.  On  the  31st  of  August  Lieutenant  Worsley  and  his 
men  also  arrived  at  Michilimacinac  with  intelligence  that  the 
schooners  were  five  leagues  apart.  It  was  immediately  re- 
solved to  attempt  their  capture,  and  on  the  1st  of  September 
Lieutenant  Worsley  and  his  party,  consisting  of  Wm.  H.  Dob- 
son,  midshipman,  and  eighteen  men,  re-embarked  in  their  boat, 
and  three  other  boats  were  manned  by  the  garrison,  under 
the  command  of  Major  Dickson  and  Lieutenant  Bulger. 
The  total  number  of  officers  and  men  in  the  four  boats  was 
ninety-two.  On*  the  2nd  of  September,  at  sunset,  the  boats 
arrived  at  the  entrance  to  St.  Mary's  Strait ;  and  on  the  3rd, 
at  6h.  p.m.,  ascertained  that  one  of  the  schooners  was  at 
anchor  about  six  miles  off.  The  boats  at  9h.  reached  within 
100  yards  of  the  schooner  before  being  seen,  when  they 
became  exposed  to  a  smart  fire  of  grape  and  musketry. 
They,  however,  resolutely  advanced,  and,  two  boarding  on 
each  side,  the  United  States  schooner  Tigress  in  about  five 
minutes  was  in  possession  of  the  gallant  lieutenant  and  his 
party.  The  British  loss  amounted  to  two  men  killed,  and 
Lieutenant  Bulger  and  five  men  wounded ;  and  the  Ame- 
ricans, out  of  a  crew  of  twenty-eight,  had  three  men  killed, 
and  one  or  two  wounded. 

The  prisoners  having  been  sent  under  a  sufficient  escort  to 
Michilimacinac,  the  Tigress  was  got  underweigh  on  the 
following  morning  (still  keeping  her  American  colours  flying), 
and  proceeded  in  search  of  the  Scorpion.  On  the  5th,  the 
latter  was  observed,  and,  perfectly  unsuspicious  of  the  event 
which  had  happened,  the  Tigress  was  suffered  to  approach 
the  Scorpion  within  two  miles.  As  the  day  dawned  on  the 
6th,  the  Tigress  was  again  got  underweigh,  and  running 
alongside  her  late  consort,  the  British  officers  and  men  jumped 
on  the  deck,  and  in  a  few  minutes  replaced  the  American 
with  British  colours.  Two  men  were  killed  and  two  wounded 
belonging  to  the  Scorpion  in  the  scuffle,  and  one  soldier  of 
the  Tigress  was  wounded.  These  schooners  were  fine  vessels, 
of  100  tons  admeasurement,  and  had  on  board  large  quan- 
tities of  arms  and  ammunition.  They  were  valued  by  the 
proper  officers  at  £16,000  sterling.  Lieutenant  Worsley 
2  h2 


4G8  EXPEDITION   TO    HAMDEN.  [1814. 

was  not  promoted  until  the  13th  of  July,  1815,  but  the 
naval  medal  has,  notwithstanding,  been  granted  to  the  sur- 
vivors engaged  in  the  service. 

On  the  26th  of  August  an  expedition  sailed  from  Halifax, 
under  the  joint  command  of  Sir  John  Sherbrooke,  governor 
of  the  province,  and  Rear- Admiral  Edward  Griffith.  The 
squadron  was  as  under  : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

(  y.  j  Rear-Admiral  Edward  Griffith 

74  -J        °  |  Captain  Robert  Barrie 

(  Bulwark ,,         Farmary  P.  Epworth 

!Endymion    ....         ,,         Henry  Hope 
Bacchante    ....         ,,         Francis  Stanfell 
Tenedos    ,,         Hyde  Parker 

Corvettes,  &c. — Sylph,  Rifleman,  and  Peruvian  ;  Commanders  George 
Dickens,  Joseph  Pearce,  and  George  Kippen. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  ten  sail  of  transports  were 
employed  to  convey  troops.  The  object  of  the  expedition 
was  an  attack  of  the  north-eastern  possessions  of  the 
Americans,  and  also  on  the  river  Penobscot.  Having  ascer- 
tained, on  the  31st  of  August,  from  the  Rifleman  that  the 
American  26-gun  frigate  Adams,  Captain  Charles  Morris, 
had  a  few  days  previously  entered  the  Penobscot,  and  had 
proceeded  twenty-seven  miles  up  the  river  for  security,  it  was 
determined  to  make  an  immediate  attack  upon  her.  The 
squadron,  led  by  the  Tenedos,  entered  the  river  with  a  fair 
Avind,  and  by  daylight  on  the  1st  of  September  anchored  off 
the  Fort  of  Castine,  which  place  was  in  a  few  hours  compelled 
to  surrender.  The  service  of  destroying  the  Adams  was 
intrusted  to  Captain  Barrie,  who,  taking  with  him  the 
Peruvian  and  Sylph,  and  the  Dragons  tender,  commanded 
by  Lieutenant  William  "YVoodin,  the  three  vessels,  containing 
about  600  troops,  under  Lieutenant-Colonel  John,  departed, 
accordingly.  At  2h.  p.m.  on  the  2nd,  the  Peruvian  and  con- 
sorts, after  surmounting  innumerable  difficulties,  arising 
from  the  state  of  the  weather  and  intricate  navigation, 
arrived  off  Frankfort,  about  five  miles  from  Hamden,  and  by 
lOh.  the  whole  force  had  disembarked.  After  a  bivouac, 
amidst  incessant  rain,  the  whole  were  put  in  motion  at 
6h.  a.m.  on  the  3rd,  accompanied  along  the  river's  bank  by 
the  boats  under  Lieutenants  George  Pedlar  (Dragon),  the 
Honourable    George   J.    Perceval   (Tenedos),    and   Francis 


1814.]  DESTRUCTION    OF   THE   ADAMS.  ±Q$ 

Orinond  (Endymion),  preceded  by  a  rocket-boat,  under  the 
immediate  command  of  Captain  Barrie,  in  which  were 
Mr.  Small,  midshipman,  and  the  gunner,  —  Ginton. 

The  Adams  was   moored  abreast  the  town  of  Hamden 
and  protected  by  near  1,400  militia.     About  a  quarter  of  a 
mile  to  the  southward  of  the  frigate,  and  calculated  to  com- 
mand both  the  highway  by  which  the  British  troops  must 
advance,  and   the   river  access,  were  mounted   eight  lono- 
18-pounders,  and   fifteen  18-pounders  were  mounted  on  I 
wharf  close  to  the  Adams,  and  completely  commanding  the 
river,  which  at  that  particular  part  was  only  600  yards  in 
width.     The  British  shore  party,  including  eighty  seamen, 
under  Lieutenants   James   Symonds,  Samuel  Mottley,  and 
Henry  Slade,  and  John  Spurling,  master,  all  of  the  Bulwark 
and  eighty  marines,  under  Captain  Thomas  Carter,  of  the 
Dragon,  did  not  exceed  760  men.     The  moment  the  boats 
rounded  a  point  of  the  river  which  brought  them  in  sight 
of  the  Adams,  a  heavy  but  ill-directed  fire  was  opened  upon 
them  from  the  hill  and  wharf.     The  fire  was  speedily  re- 
turned ;  and  the  effect  of  a  discharge  of  rockets  was  very 
decisive.     The  shore  party  ascended  the  hill  with  the  utmost 
gallantry,  the  American  militia  retreating  before  them  with 
all  speed      Before  the  boats  got  within  grape-shot  distance 
of  the  Adams,  Captain  Morris,  finding  himself  thus  shame- 
iully  deserted,  set  fire  to  the  ship,  together  with  two  other 
vessels,  and  all  three  were  destroyed.      The  British  then 
pushed  on  for  Bangor,  of  which  they  also  gained  possession 
and  at  this  place  destroyed  one  ship,  a  brig,  three  schooners' 
and  a  sloop.    A  brig  pierced  for  eighteen  guns  and  the  16-o-un 
privateer  Decatur  were  also  captured,  but  afterwards  lost  in 
descending  the  river.     Several  vessels  on  the  stocks,  on  the 
banks  of  the  river,  were  left  untouched. 

The  Adams  measured  783  tons,  and  formerly  mounted 
thirty-two  guns  ;  her  crew  consisted  of  248  picked  seamen 
This  important  service  was  performed  with  the  loss  of  one 
seaman  killed,  and  Captain  Thomas  Gell,  29th  regiment  and 
several  private  soldiers  wounded,  and  one  missing.  Lieu- 
tenant Pedlar  was  promoted  (it  is  presumed  for  this  service) 
on  the  12th  of  October  following,  but  the  naval  medal  hai 
not  been  granted  to  those  participating  in  so  meritorious  and 
hazardous  an  undertaking. 


470  OPERATIONS   ON   LAKE   CHAMPLAIN.  [1814. 

In  August,  the  British  naval  force  on  Lake  Champlain  was 
as  follows  : — 16-gun  brig  Linnet,  Commander  Daniel  Pring; 
10-gim   cutter  Chubb,    Lieutenant   James  McGhie;   8-gun 
cutter  Finch,  Lieutenant  William  Hicks;  and  ten  gun-boats 
mounting  in  all  thirteen  guns,  and  manned  with  294  men 
and  boys,  of  whom  only  thirty  were  British  seamen.     The 
total  force  was  forty-eight  guns  and  444  men  and  boys,  of 
whom  by  far  the  greater  part  were  soldiers  and  Canadian 
militia.     To  the  above  was  added,  on  the  25th  of  August,  a 
ship  which  had  been  hastily  constructed  at  Isle  aux  Noirs, 
to  mount  thirty-six  guns,  and  on  board  this  ship,  which  was 
named  the  Confiance,  Captain  George  Downie  hoisted  his 
pendant  on  the  3rd  of  September,  in  command  of  the  flotilla. 
The  American  naval  force  at  Plattsburg  consisted  of  the 
26-gun   ship    Saratoga,    Commodore   Thomas   Macdonough, 
20-gun  brig  Eagle,  17-gun  schooner  Ticonderoga,  7-gun  sloop 
Preble,  and  ten  heavy  gun-boats.    The  force  of  the  American 
squadron   was   eighty-six   guns   and    981   serviceable  men, 
made  up  of  seamen  and  marines  belonging  to  the  American 
ships  laid  up  at  different  ports.     Commodore  Downie  was 
ordered  to  act  in  conjunction  with  the  land  forces  under  Sir 
George  Prevost ;  but  the  general  suffered  the  brunt  of  the 
work  to  fall  on  the  flotilla,  which,  unhappily,  was  barely  in  a 
condition  to  protect  itself.    Scarcely  was  the  Confiance  in  the 
water,  and  before  time  sufficient  to  get  the  rigging  over  her 
mastheads  had  elapsed,  when  Sir  George  Prevost  commenced 
lis  system.  Letters  and  messages  were  continually  arriving— 
while  the  shipwrights  were  yet  at  work  performing  essential 
works,  such  as  fitting  breeching-bolts — to  the  effect  that  the 
ship's 'and  squadron's   co-operation  was  urgently  required. 
Finding  his  letters  and  messages  to  fail  in  making  Commodore 
Downie  perform  impossibilities,  Sir  George  had  the  assurance 
to  cast  a  slur  upon  his  exertions.      "The  commander-in- 
chief,"  wrote  Sir  George,  "hoped  Captain  Downie  allowed 
himself  to  be  delayed  by  nothing  but  the  wind."     The  in- 
sinuation was  felt,  and  on  the  8th  of  September,  just  thirteen 
days  from  the  date  of  her  launching,  and  five  from  the  time 
Commodore  Downie  had  taken  the  command,  the  Confiance 
and  squadron  got   underweigh   from   Isle  aux    Noirs,   and 
anchored  abreast  the  main  body  of  the  army,  to  await  the 
arrival  of  the  remainder  of  her  crew  from  Quebec.    At  this 


1814.]  DEATH   OF   COMMODORE   DOWNIE.  471 

time  the  ring-bolts  for  the  guns  of  the  Confiance  were  not 
driven,  nor  the  magazine  ready  to  receive  the  powder.  The 
Confiance's  crew  numbered  270,  but  was  of  a  motley  de- 
scription. The  whole  were  strangers  to  each  other  and  to 
the  officers,  and  Captain  Downie  was  acquainted  with  no 
other  officer  than  his  first  lieutenant,  nor  the  first  lieutenant 
with  any  other  than  the  captain. 

On  the  10th,  while  part  of  the  crew  were  ascending  the 
ship's  side,  the  hammer  of  the  shipwright  still  employed,  the 
guns  being  fitted,  and  the  powder  in  a  boat  alongside  (the 
magazine  not  being  ready),  a  message  from  Sir  George 
Prevost  was  brought  to  Captain  Downie,  requesting  his 
immediate  co-operation.  Trusting  to  the  assurance  given  by 
the  commander-in-chief  that  the  army  would  storm  the  works 
of  Plattsburg,  while  the  squadron  attacked  the  naval  force  in 
the  bay,  the  commodore,  notwithstanding  the  unprepared 
state  of  his  ship,  consented  to  go  into  action  the  next  morning. 
The  plan  then  decided  upon  was,  that,  when  rounding  Cum- 
berland Head,  the  Confiance  would  scale  her  guns,  and  that 
this  was  to  be  the  signal  for  the  column  of  attack  to  advance 
upon  the  enemy's  works.  On  the  11th,  at  daylight,  the  car- 
penters still  necessarily  employed,  Commodore  Downie,  true 
to  his  engagement,  made  the  signal  for  the  squadron  to  weigh, 
and  in  a  short  time  the  whole  were  under  sail  and  standing 
over  for  Plattsburg  Bay.  At  7h.  the  American  squadron 
was  discovered  moored  in  line  ahead,  abreast  the  American 
encampment,  and  the  commodore  issued  orders  for  the  mode 
of  attack  to  be  pursued.  But  want  of  wind  and  an  unforeseen 
circumstance  defeated  his  plans.  The  whole  success  hinged 
upon  the  co-operation  of  the  army;  but  Sir  George  Prevost, 
instead  of  ordering  the  attacking  column  to  move  forward 
when  the  signal  agreed  upon  was  made  by  the  Confiance, 
gave  orders  for  the  men  to  go  to  breakfast !  Consequences 
the  most  fatal  ensued.  A  division  of  gun-boats  rowed  out 
to  the  attack,  and  galled  the  British  squadron  in  its  approach. 
Commodore  Downie,  whose  ship  engaged  the  Saratoga  very 
gallantly,  was  killed  in  the  early  part  of  the  action.1     The 

1  This  gallant  officer  met  his  death  in  the  following  manner  : — A  shot 
from  the  Saratoga  striking  one  of  the  24-pounder  carronades  on  board 
the  Confiance.  knocked  it  completely  off  the  slide  against  the  captain, 
who  was  standing  close  in  the  rear  of  it.     He  received  the  blow  upon 


472 


DESTRUCTION    OF   THE   BRITISH    SQUADRON.         [1814. 


Finch  grounded  on  a  reef  of  rocks,  and  was  compelled  to 
surrender.  Eight  of  the  gun-boats  deserted,  and  in  the 
course  of  a  short  time  the  whole  squadron  was  overpowered 
and  cut  to  pieces.  Had  Sir  George  Prevost  moved  forward, 
or  suffered  only  a  division  of  the  force  under  his  command  to 
attack  the  enemy's  works,  the  fire  of  the  batteries  might  have 
been  turned  with  equal  ease  upon  the  Americans  ;  in  which 
case  a  decisive  victory  must  have  been  gained,  and  we  should 
not  have  had  to  lament  the  untimely  death  of  the  many 
brave  men  who  fell.  The  loss  sustained  on  this  occasion  will 
appear  in  the  accompanying  table  : — 


BRITISH. 

AMERICAN. 

Ships'  Names. 

i 

•6 

o 

3 

3 

o 

is 

Ships'  Names. 

0) 

9) 

3 

•a 

3 

o 

Confiance     

270 
80 
40 
30 

294 

714 

41 

10 

6 

57 

60 
14 
16 

2 

92 

Saratoga 

Eagle    . .  .- 

Ticonderoga    .... 

Preble  and  gun-  ) 

boats     ) 

Total 

300 
160 
130 

391 
981 

28 

13 

6 

5 
52 

29 

20 

6 

3 

58 

Chubb  

Finch   

Gun-boats    

Total 

An  inquiry  would  have  been  instituted  into  the  facts  of 
this  unfortunate  business,  had  it  not  been  for  the  death  of 
the  principal,  if  not  only,  blameable  person.  Charges  were 
drawn  out  by  Sir  James  Yeo,  imputing  the  whole  fault  of  the 
loss  of  the  ships  to  the  backwardness  of  Sir  George  Prevost ; 
and  but  for  the  cause  above  stated,  an  investigation  would 
have  taken  place.  At  the  court-martial  subsequently  held 
upon  the  surviving  officers  and  crews  of  the  British  vessels, 
the  whole  were  acquitted,  and  the  court  particularly  men- 

liis  right  groin ;  and  although  signs  of  life  were  exhibited  for  a  few 
minutes,  he  never  spoke  afterwards.  No  part  of  his  skin  was  broken  ; 
and  a  black  mark  of  about  the  circumference  of  a  small  plate  was  the 
only  visible  hurt  sustained.  His  watch  was  perfectly  flattened,  and  was 
found  with  the  hands  pointing  to  the  hour,  minute,  and  second  at  which 
the  fatal  hurt  was  received. 


1814.]  COMMODORE    BARNEY'S    FLOTILLA.  473 

tionecl  Captain  Pring  and  Lieutenant  John  Robertson  (who 
succeeded  to  the  command  of,  and  gallantly  fought,  the  Con- 
fiance,  after  the  death  of  Captain  Downie),  Lieutenants 
Christopher  James  Bell  and  James  Robertson,  commanding 
the  gun-boats  Murray  and  Beresford,  and  Lieutenant  William 
Hicks  (acting),  of  the  Finch,  as  having  "  conducted  themselves 
with  great  zeal,  bravery,  and  ability  during  the  action." 

Notwithstanding  occasional  reverses,  British  power  became 
gradually  more  predominant  in  America.  For  a  period  the 
squadron  employed  upon  the  American  coast  was  under  the 
command  of  Admiral  Sir  John  B.  Warren ;  but  the  services 
of  a  younger  officer  being  required,  Vice- Admiral  Sir  Alex- 
ander Cochrane,  in  the  74-gun  ship  Tonnant,  Captain  John 
Wainwright,  superseded  Sir  John  in  the  summer  of  this 
year.  Rear- Admiral  George  Cockburn,  with  his  flag  in  the 
74-gun  ship  Albion,  Captain  Charles  B.  H.  Ross,  arrived  in 
May,  and  superseded  Captain  Barrie  in  command  of  the 
squadron  in  Chesapeake  Bay.  One  of  the  first  acts  of  the 
rear-admiral  was  against  an  American  flotilla  commanded 
by  Commodore  Joshua  Barney.  This  flotilla  consisted  of 
seventeen  vessels  of  light  draught  of  water.  The  com- 
modore's vessel  was  the  sloop  Scorpion,  mounting  eight  car- 
ronades  and  a  heavy  long  gun  on  a  pivot  carriage,  and  the 
remainder  were  gun-boats,  mounting  two  long  guns,  one  at 
the  bow  and  the  other  aft,  the  largest  carrying  32-pounders 
and  sixty  men,  and  the  smallest  18-pounders  and  forty  men. 
On  the  1st  of  June  this  flotilla  chased  the  schooner  St.  Law- 
rence and  seven  boats  belonging  to  the  Albion  and  Dragon, 
which  they  compelled  to  take  shelter  imder  the  Dragon's 
guns.  The  flotilla  was  pursued  by  the  Dragon,  and  fled  for 
refuge  to  the  Patuxent ;  but  having  retired  to  such  a  dis- 
tance that  the  vessels  could  only  be  reached  by  boats,  a 
squadron  under  Captain  Robert  Barrie  established  a  close 
blockade.  Every  attempt  to  draw  Commodore  Barney  from 
his  place  of  security  failed,  although  parties  were  constantly 
landing  and  harassing  the  enemy's  coasts. 

On  the  19th  of  July  the  rear-admiral  was  joined  by  a 
battalion  of  marines  and  a  detachment  of  marine  artillery, 
when  he  determined  to  proceed  up  the  Potomac  to  the 
attack  of  St.  Leonard's,  the  capital  of  St.  Maiy's  county, 
where   the   36th  United   States  regiment   was   quartered. 


474  BRITISH   INCURSIONS.  [1814. 

The  marines  under  Major  George  Lewis  landed,  while  the 
boats  of  the  squadron  pulled  up  to  the  town;  but  the 
Americans  observing  the  advance  of  the  marines,  quitted 
the  place,  and  suffered  the  British  to  take  quiet  possession. 
A  quantity  of  military  stores,  and  also  of  tobacco,  flour,  and 
provisions,  were  here  found  ;  the  former  was  destroyed,  but 
the  latter  and  a  schooner  were  brought  away.  The  town 
was,  however,  spared,  not  a  musket  having  been  fired,  which 
was  most  probably  owing  to  the  orders  promulgated  by  the 
rear-admiral  \  namely,  to  refrain  from  all  violence  or  de- 
struction where  none  was  offered  by  the  inhabitants. 

Another  successful  expedition  was  undertaken  by  Rear- 
Admiral  Cockburn  to  Nominy  Ferry,  Virginia,  where  a 
large  body  of  militia  had  assembled.  The  enemy  fled  pre- 
cipitately on  the  approach  of  the  British,  and  after  removing 
the  tobacco  and  other  stores  found  in  the  various  deposi- 
tories, the  storehouses  and  public  buildings  were  set  on  fire 
and  destroyed.  The  British  returned  to  their  ships  with 
135  refugee  negroes,  two  captured  schooners,  a  large  quan- 
tity of  tobacco,  dry  goods,  and  cattle,  and  a  few  prisoners. 

On  the  24th  the  rear-admiral  proceeded  up  St.  Clement's 
Creek,  in  St.  Mary's  county,  with  the  boats  and  marines. 
The  militia  showed  themselves  occasionally,  but  retreated  as 
soon  as  discovered ;  and  the  boats  returned  to  the  ships 
wuthout  any  casualty,  with  four  prizes.  As  the  inhabitants 
offered  no  molestation,  they  were  undisturbed,  and  with  the 
exception  of  one  farm-house,  from  which  two  muskets  were 
fired  at  the  admiral's  gig,  and  which  was  therefore  de- 
stroyed, no  damage  was  done.  On  the  26th  the  rear- 
admiral  reached  the  head  of  the  Machodic,  in  Virginia,  where 
six  schooners  were  burnt ;  and  having  then  visited  every 
place  of  importance  on  the  Virginian  side,  the  squadron 
removed  to  an  anchorage  above  Blackstone's  Island. 

On  the  29th  the  rear-admiral  and  his  party  proceeded 
up  the  Wicomoco  river,  and  landed  at  Hamburgh  and 
Chaptico,  but  put  the  inhabitants  to  no  further  inconve- 
nience than  that  of  compelling  them  to  furnish  supplies  for 
the  forces,  which  were  liberally  paid  for.  On  the  2nd  of 
August  the  squadron  dropped  down  the  Potomac  to  the 
entrance  of  the  Yeocomico,  and  a  landing  was  effected  on 
the  3rd.     Some  resistance  was  here  offered  by  the  enemy, 


1814.]         ADVANCE  UPON  WASHINGTON.  475 

which  had  collected  in  a  strong  body ;  but  the  steady  ad- 
vance of  the  British  carried  all  before  it,  and  the  retreating 
force  was  followed  ten  miles  up  the  country.  A  field-piece 
was  captured,  and  several  houses,  which  had  been  converted 
into  depots  for  military  stores,  were  destroyed.  Learning 
that  General  Hungerford,  who  commanded  the  militia,  had 
rallied  at  Kinsale,  the  rear-admiral  pushed  forward,  but 
on  his  gaining  the  heights  the  Americans  fled  with  precipi- 
tation. A  quantity  of  stores  found  at  this  place  were  shipped 
off,  the  storehouses  and  two  batteries  destroyed,  and  the 
rear-admiral  and  his  party,  numbering  only  700  in  all, 
re-embarked,  carrying  off  five  prizes.  The  American  general, 
Taylor,  was  unhorsed,  and  narrowly  escaped  being  made  a 
prisoner.  Three  men  of  the  British  were  on  this  occasion 
killed,  and  as  many  wounded.  Several  other  incursions 
were  made  with  equal  success ;  but  they  were  only  preludes 
to  the  brilliant  success  which  ensued. 

Intelligence  had  been  conveyed  to  the  American  president 
as  far  back  as  June,  that  an  attack  upon  Washington  would 
probably  be  made,  and  in  consequence  the  whole  military 
strength  of  the  United  States  was  drawn  together  and 
ordered  to  hold  itself  in  readiness  to  defend  the  capital.  A 
squadron  under  Rear- Admiral  Pulteney  Malcolm,  in  the 
74-gun  ship  Royal  Oak,  Captain  Edward  Dix,  consisting  of 
three  frigates,  three  sloops,  two  bomb-vessels,  and  eight 
transports,  containing  a  body  of  troops  under  Major-General 
Ross,  arrived  on  the  24th  of  July  at  Bermuda.  On  the 
17  th  of  August  the  whole  (including  the  Tonnant  and 
36-gun  frigate  Euryalus,  Captain  Charles  Napier,  which  had 
preceded  the  squadron)  joined  Rear- Admiral  Cockburn  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Potomac. 

Rear- Admiral  Cockburn,  during  one  of  many  of  his  excur- 
sions in  company  with  Major-General  Ross,  suggested  the 
feasibility  of  an  attack  upon  Washington,  and  the  vice- 
admiral  decided  that  the  attempt  should  be  made.  The 
knowledge  of  the  country  gained  by  the  rear-admiral  now 
proved  of  inestimable  value ;  and  to  his  experience  the  suc- 
cess attained  must  be  attributed.  Discarding  all  idea  of 
the  usual  routes  to  the  city,  he  decided  on  proceeding  up 
the  Patuxent,  and  by  way  of  Bladensburg.  Commodore 
Barney's  gun-boats  were  all  this  while  locked  up  in  the 


476  DESTRUCTION   OF    BARNEY'S    FLOTILLA.  [1814,, 

river ;  and  as  an  attempt  upon  the  flotilla  would  answer  two 
ends,  the  one  being  a  pretext  for  ascending  that  river  and 
the  other  its  capture  or  destruction,  this  was  immediately 
resolved  upon.  As  a  further  diversion  appeared  called  for, 
Captain  James  A.  Gordon  was  intrusted  with  the  command 
of  a  squadron,  with  which  he  was  to  proceed  up  the 
Potomac  as  far  as  Alexandria,  a  city  about  eight  miles 
below  Washington  :  the  able  manner  in  which  this  service 
was  executed  will  hereafter  be  detailed. 

The  troops  (about  4,000)  intended  for  an  attack  upon  the 
federal  city,  having  been  conveyed  up  the  Patuxent  as  far  as 
Benedict  (a  small  town  about  fifty  miles  south-east  of 
Washington),  disembarked  on  the  19th  and  20th  of  August  ; 
and  on  the  evening  of  the  last-named  day,  Pear- Admiral 
Cockbum,  taking  with  him  the  armed  boats,  proceeded  to 
the  attack  of  Barney's  fiotilhi.  The  boats  were  accompanied 
by  tenders  from  the  squadron,  containing  supplies  for  the 
troops,  and  the  whole  moved  on  together,  the  army  pro- 
ceeding along  the  bank  of  the  river,  covered  in  its  advance 
by  the  boats.  The  boats  and  tenders,  in  which  were  em- 
barked the  marines  of  the  squadron,  under  Captain  John 
Pobyns,  and  marine  artillery,  under  Captain  James  H.  Har- 
rison, were  in  three  divisions.  The  first  was  in  charge  of 
Commanders  Thomas  Ball  Sulivan  and  William  S.  Bad- 
cock  ;  the  second,  of  Commanders  Rowland  Money  and 
the  Honourable  Kenelm  Somerville ;  and  the  third,  of 
Commander  Robert  Ramsay  ;  the  whole  being  under  the 
superintendence  of  Captain  Wainwright,  of  the  Tonnant. 
The  frigates  Severn  and  Hebrus,  Captains  Joseph  Nourse 
and  Edmund  Palmer,  accompanied  by  the  gun-brig  Manly, 
Commander  Vincent  Newton,  followed  the  boats  as  high  as 
Benedict ;  when  their  boats,  under  their  respective  com- 
manders, joined  the  expedition. 

On  the  morning  of  the  22nd,  when  rounding  Pig  Point, 
the  flotilla  was  discovered  moored  in  line  of  battle  astern  of 
the  commodore.  On  nearing  the  sloop  bearing  Commodore 
Barney's  broad  pendant,  the  vessel  was  observed  to  be  on 
lire,  and  she;  soon  afterwards  blew  up,  as  did  also  fifteen  out 
of  the  sixteen  gun-boats.  The  remaining  gun-boat,  together 
witli  thirteen  merchant  schooners,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
British,  also  a  large  quantity  of  tobacco.     On  the  afternoon 


3  814.  J  BATTLE   OP   BLADENSBURG.  477 

of  the  same  day,  Major-General  Ross,  with  the  troops, 
arrived  and  encamped  in  the  town  of  Upper  Marlborough' 
after  a  fatiguing  march  of  forty  miles,  performed  in  three 
days,  under  a  scorching  sun.  In  the  meanwhile  General 
Winder  and  his  army,  having  been  joined  by  Commodore 
Barney  and  the  men  from  the  flotilla,  were  encamped  at 
Long  Old  Fields,  only  eight  miles  distant,  where,  on  the  next 
day,  they  were  reviewed  by  the  president,  Mr.  Madison. 

The  trifling  opposition  met  with  during  the  march  from 
Benedict  having  determined  General  Ross  to  proceed  at 
once  to  the  attack  of  Washington,  a  large  portion  of  the  sea- 
men and  marines,  under  Rear- Admiral  Cockburn  and  Cap- 
tain Robyns,  crossed  over  from  Pig  Point  to  Mount  Calvert, 
and  from  thence  joined  the  land  forces  at  Upper  Marl- 
borough. As  the  British  advanced,  the  Americans  fell 
back ;  and  on  the  night  of  the  23rd  the  British  occupied 
the  position  at  Long  Old  Fields  previously  held  by  the 
Americans.  On  the  24th,  at  daylight,  General  Ross  put  the 
troops  in  motion  for  Bladensburg,  a  distance  of  about  twelve 
miles,  and  shortly  before  noon  the  British  gained  the 
heights  facing  that  village.  The  force  of  the  Americans  at 
this  time  is  variously  stated  ;  some  of  their  writers  making 
the  total  no  more  than  7,593,  while  others  allow  that 
General  Winder  was  directed  to  call  out  a  total  force  of 
16,300  men,  including  militia  and  GOO  seamen.  The  enemy 
had  twenty-three  pieces  of  artillery  on  the  field,  varying 
from  6  to  18-pounders,  and  the  army  was  drawn  up  in  two 
lines,  upon  a  commanding  eminence  on  the  north  of  the 
road  leading  to  Washington ;  and  the  further  to  stimulate 
them  to  deeds  of  glory,  the  president  was  on  the  field  of 
battle. 

About  1,500  only  of  the  British  were  engaged,  when  the 
Americans  fled  with  precipitation  and  in  the  utmost  con- 
fusion, leaving  ten  pieces  of  cannon  ;  but  not  more  than 
120  prisoners  were  taken,  owing  to  the  fatigues  previously 
undergone  by  the  British,  which  prevented  their  overtaking 
their  more  nimble  enemies.  The  victory  was  not  achieved 
without  a  severe  loss,  which,  however,  was  principally  occa- 
sioned by  the  American  artillery  :  the  total  of  troops  killed 
was  sixty-four,  and  185  wounded.  Of  the  naval  brigade, 
one  marine  was  killed;    and  Jeremiah  McDaniel,  master's 


478  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   CAPITOL.  [1814. 

mate,  two  Serjeants,  and  three  marines  wounded.  Among 
the  naval  officers  on  the  field  of  battle,  besides  Rear- Admiral 
Cockburn,  were  Captain  Edmund  Palmer,  Arthur  Wakefield, 
midshipman,  Lieutenant  James  Scott,  of  the  Albion,  acting 
as  the  rear-admiral's  aide-de-camp,  and  Lieutenants  of  ma- 
rines John  Lawrence  and  Athelstane  Stephens. 

As  soon  as  the  troops  were  a  little  refreshed,  the  major- 
general  and  rear-admiral,  at  the  head  of  about  1,000  men, 
moved  forward,  and  at   8h.  p.m.  arrived  at  an  open  plain 
about  two  miles  from  Washington.     The  troops  here  halted, 
while  the   general   and   admiral,  accompanied   by  a  small 
guard,  rode  forward  to  reconnoitre.     On  arriving  near  some 
houses,  the  party  reined  in,  to  consult  as  to  the  prudence  of 
entering  the  city.     While  in  consultation,  a  volley  of  mus- 
ketry was  fired  from  one  of  the  houses,  which  killed  one 
soldier   and   General   Eoss's    horse   from   under   him,   and 
wounded  three  soldiers.      The  admiral  instantly  rode  back, 
and  quickly  bringing  up  the  light  companies  of  the  advanced 
body,  the  house  was  surrounded,  and  as  soon  as  the  inmates 
were  removed,  it  was  burnt  down,  and  the  adjoining  house 
also  consumed.     The  Capitol  was  then  set  on  fire.     Scarcely 
had  the  flames  ascended  from  the  Capitol  Hill  when  a  heavy 
explosion  in  the  navy-yard  announced  that  the  Americans 
were  also  engaged  in  the  work  of  destruction.     By  this  time 
the   British    forces    from    Bladensburg    had    arrived,    and 
occupied  the  hill;   and  at  lOh.  30m.  p.m.,  a  party  having 
"been  sent  to  destroy  the  fort  and  public  works  at  Greenleaf 's 
Point,  Major-General  Ross  and  the  admiral,   each  at  the 
head  of  a  small  detachment  of  not  more  than  200  in  all, 
proceeded  clown  the  hill  towards  the  president's  palace.    The 
admiral  finding  the  defence  of  the  "  commander-in-chief's 
head-quarters"  abandoned,  gave  directions  for  setting  it  on 
fire.     The  building  containing  the  treasury  and  war  offices 
was  the  next  to  fall,  and  the  destruction  of  the  office  of  the 
"  National  Intelligencer"  was  meditated ;  but  finding  that  it 
would  probably  lead  to  the  loss  of  private  property,  he  desisted 
from  burning  it.     The  British  then  retired  to  Capitol  Hill. 

On  the  morning  of  the  25th  of  August  the  office  of  the 
secretary  of  state  was  burnt,  and  the  printing  materials  of 
the  government  paper  destroyed.  The  extensive  rope-walks, 
at  some  distance  from  the  city,  were  destroyed,  together 


1814.]  DESTRUCTION   OF   THE   NAVY-YARD.  479 

with  the  great  bridge   across  the  Potomac;   an  immense 
quantity  of  small  arms  and  heavy  ordnance  was  also  in- 
cluded 111  the  ruin.     A  party  under  Captain  Wainwright  set 
fire  to  the  tew  stores  and  buildings  in  the  navy-yard  which 
had  escaped  the  flames  applied  to  them  by  the  Americans 
on  the  preceding  night.      A  frigate  of  1,600  tons,  nearly 
ready  for  launching,  was  burnt  on  the  stocks  by  order  of  the 
president,  and  also  the  22-gun  corvette  Argus,  ready  for  sea 
Ihis  was  saving  the  British  the  trouble,  as  the  difficulty  of 
conveying  them  down  the  Potomac  would  have  been  "too 
great  to  warrant  the   attempt.     According  to  the   official 
estimate  of  the  public  property  destroyed,  it  amounted  to 
the  sum  of  £365,463  sterling.     Private  property  and  peace- 
able citizens  were  invariably  respected.     A  serious  accident 
occurred  to  the  party  at  Greenleafs  Point.     Some  powder 
concealed  ma  well  accidentally  took  fire,  and  killed  twelve 
and  wounded  thirty  officers  and  men,  and  this,  with  the 
exception  of  those  already  mentioned,  was  the  only  casualty 
attendant  on  the  capture  of  Washington.     On  the  25th,  at 
8h    pm,  the  British  quitted  Washington  on  their  return 
and  having  procured  at  Bladensburg  vehicles  for  the  con- 
veyance of  the  wounded,  preceded  by  a  drove  of  sixty  or 
seventy  head   of  cattle,  moved   leisurely  forward  towards 
Benedict  which  they  reached  on  the  29th,  in  the  evening 
On  the  following  day  the  whole  re-embarked,  and  descended 
the  Patuxent  with  the  prizes. 

We  now  recur  to  the  squadron  under  Captain  Gordon 
consisting  of  the  38-gun  frigate  Seahorse,  36-gun  frigate 
Euryalus,  Captain  Charles  Napier;  bomb-ships  Devastation, 
^tna,  and  Meteor— Commanders  Thomas  Alexander  Rich- 
ard Kenah,  and  Samuel  Roberts ;  rocket-ship  Erebus  Com- 
mander David  E.  Bartholomew,  and  the  Anna  Maria  tender 
Master's  mate  Matthew  Gray.  On  the  17th  of  August  the 
squadron  weighed  from  the  anchorage  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Potomac,  and,  without  a  pilot,  began  to  ascend  the  river 
the  navigation  of  which  was  unknown  to  any  one  on  board! 
On  the  following  day  the  Seahorse  grounded,  but  by  putting 
her  guns  on  board  the  tender,  she  was  again  got  afloat,  and  the 
squadron  continued  its  course.  On  the  25th,  while  passing 
the  flats  off  Maryland  Point,  the  Seahorse  and  Euryalut 
received  much   damage  from  a  heavy  squall;  but  in  the 


480  EXPEDITION   TO    ALEXANDRIA.  [1814. 

course  of  twelve  hours  every  trace  of  injury  had  been  re- 
moved. 

After  being  some  twenty  times  aground,  and  continually 
warping  for  five  successive  days,  the  squadron  anchored 
abreast  of  Fort  Washington  on  the  27th.  The  attack  was 
commenced  by  the  bomb-vessels,  which  threw  several  shells 
into  the  fort ;  and  in  the  meanwhile  the  frigates  warped 
into  position  near  the  fort.  No  sooner  had  the  first  shell 
•burst,  than  the  garrison  was  observed  quitting  the  town ; 
but,  suspecting  some  concealed  design,  Captain  Gordon 
ordered  the  firing  to  be  continued.  At  8h.  p.m.,  however, 
an  explosion  of  the  magazine  took  place,  and  the  firing 
ceased  for  the  night.  On  the  28th,  at  daylight,  possession 
was  taken  of  the  forts  intended  for  the  protection  of  Alex- 
andria ;  and  as  soon  as  the  destruction  of  the  guns  (twenty- 
seven  in  number)  and  their  carriages  had  been  effected,  the 
squadron  proceeded  up  the  narrow  channel  to  the  town.  A 
boat  with  a  flag  of  truce  was  shortly  afterwards  observed 
approaching  ;  when  a  proposal  from  the  common  council  of 
Alexandria  was  made  to  capitulate  ;  but  Captain  Gordon, 
with  that  caution  and  decision  which  it  well  became  him  to 
observe,  declined  to  listen  to  any  proposition  until  he  had 
placed  his  squadron  in  such  a  position  as  wrould  enable  liim 
to  enforce  any  terms  it  might  be  considered  desirable  to  make. 
Those  insisted  upon  by  Captain  Gordon  were  humiliating 
enough,  for  they  stipulated  that  the  Americans  should  raise 
the  vessels  which  had  been  scuttled  and  place  them  in  the 
same  state  as  they  were  when  the  British  squadron  passed 
the  Kettle  Bottoms ;  the  owners  were  directed  to  send  on 
board  their  rigging  and  stores  without  delay ;  all  merchan- 
dise was  to  be  brought  back ;  and  the  merchants  directed 
to  load  their  own  vessels,  which  were  to  be  towed  off  by  the 
captors.  At  the  same  time  Captain  Gordon  did  not  intend 
to  enforce  the  terms,  unless  circumstances  rendered  their 
execution  imperative  upon  him. 

John  Went  Frazer,  midshipman,  one  of  the  officers  em- 
ployed in  seeing  the  terms  dictated  by  Captain  Gordon 
complied  with,  having  strayed  some  few  yards  from  his  boat, 
was  assaulted  by  two  naval  officers  on  horseback,  stated  to 
have  been  Captains  David  Porter  and  John  O.  Creighton. 
An  attempt  was  made  to  carry  off  Mr.  Frazer,  although  at  I 


1814.]  DESCENT   OF   THE    POTOMAC.  481 

the  same  time  a  flag  of  tmce  was  flying  on  the  walls  of 
Alexandria ;  but  obtaining  a  glimpse  of  the  British  boat's 
crew,  the  officers,  if  such  they  really  were,  made  a  precipitate 
retreat.  In  consequence  of  the  feeling  manifested  by  the 
inhabitants  of  Alexandria  upon  this  occasion,  Captain  Gor- 
don refrained  from  carrying  into  effect  the  last  article  of  the 
treaty,  by  which  it  was  stipulated  that,  upon  the  least 
infraction  of  the  flag  of  truce,  the  squadron  should  open  fire 
on  the  town. 

On  the  31st,  early  in  the  morning,  Commander  Henry 
L.  Baker,  in  the  18-gun  brig  Fairy,  which  had  fought  her 
way  tip  the  river,  arrived  at  Alexandria  with  orders  for 
Captain  Gordon's  return.  On  the  same  day,  without  waiting 
to  destroy  the  stores,  the  squadron  weighed,  accompanied  by 
twenty-one  sail  of  prizes,  many  of  which  having  been  sunk, 
had  been  raised,  masted,  fitted  for  sea,  and  loaded  in  the 
course  of  three  days.  Contrary  winds  made  it  necessary  for 
the  slnps  to  warp  down  the  river;  in  attempting  which  the 
Devastation  grounded.  The  Americans,  on  the  watch  to 
take  advantage  of  any  accident,  immediately  assembled  their 
gun-boats  and  fire-vessels,  and  under  the  orders  of  Com- 
modore Rogers,  advanced  to  the  attack  of  the  bomb-vessels. 
Captain  Alexander,  however,  taking  command  of  the  boats 
of  his  own  vessel,  proceeded  to  the  attack  of  the  gun-boats, 
which,  upon  his  approach,  retreated.  The  fire-vessels  were' 
also  rendered  harmless  by  the  boats,  which  towed  them  out 
of  reach  of  the  ships.  John  Moore,  midshipman  of  the 
Seahorse,  was  particularly  mentioned  by  Captain  Gordon  as 
having  signalized  himself  on  this  service. 

Rear-Admiral  Cockburn  having  in  the  meanwhile  retired 
from  Washington,  the  Americans  determined,  if  possible,  to 
prevent  the  return  of  the  squadron  down  the  Potomac; 
and  the  banks  were  lined  with  seamen  from  the  different 
ships  at  Philadelphia  and  Norfolk  ;  and  riflemen,  artillerists, 
and  militia  were  lying  in  ambush  on  every  point,  ready  to 
avail  themselves  of  the  slightest  advantage  resulting  from 
accident  or  other  cause.  Batteries  were  thrown  up  in  the 
best  positions  for  attacking  the  ships.  The  Meteor  and 
Fairy,  in  advance  of  the  squadron,  continued  to  move  down 
the  river,  and,  assisted  by  the  tender  and  a  boat  belong- 
ing to  the  Euryalus,  greatly  impeded  the  progress  of  the 

VOL.  II.  2  I 


482  DESCENT   OF   THE   POTOMAC.  [1814. 

enemy  in  their  works  ;  notwithstanding  which,  however,  the 
Americans  succeeded  in  increasing  their  batteries  from  five 
to  eleven  guns,  and  in  building  a  furnace  for  heating  shot. 
On  the  3rd  of  September  the  iEtna  and  Erebus  got  down 
to  the  assistance  of  the  Meteor  and  Fairy,  and  on  the  fol- 
lowing day  the  frigates  and  prizes  arrived  there  also ;  but 
the  Devastation  was  still  five  miles  astern.  The  grand 
attempt  was  now  made.  The  Erebus  sustained  much 
damage  from  three  field-pieces  before  they  could  be  silenced. 
The  Devastation  was  subjected  to  a  second  attempt  from  the 
enemy's  fire-vessels ;  but  her  boats,  assisted  by  those  of  the 
Fairy,  compelled  the  gun-boats  to  retreat  with  the  fire-rafts. 
In  an  attempt,  however,  to  dislodge  the  enemy  from  a  nar- 
row creek  in  which  they  had  sought  refuge,  the  Fairy  sus- 
tained a  severe  loss,  including  among  the  killed;  the  second 
lieutenant,  Charles  Dickinson. 

On  the  5th,  at  noon,  the  wind  being  fair  and  every  suitable 
arrangement  made,  the  two  frigates  anchored  within  musket- 
shot  of  the  batteries,  to  cover  the  prizes,  as  they  passed 
between  them  and  the  shoal.  The  Meteor,  ^Etna,  and 
Devastation,  and  the  Fairy  and  Erebus,  firing  as  they  passed, 
took  up  a  position  to  facilitate  the  further  removal  of  the 
frigates.  At  3h.  p.m.,  the  batteries  having  been  silenced,  the 
Seahorse  and  Euryalus  cut  their  cables  ;  and  the  whole 
squadron  proceeded  onwards  towards  the  next  point  to  be 
contested  by  the  Americans.  Two  batteries,  mounting  to- 
gether from  fourteen  to  eighteen  heavy  guns,  were  here 
constructed  on  a  range  of  cliffs  of  about  a  mile  in  extent, 
close  under  which  the  squadron  had  to  pass.  It  was  not 
intended  to  make  the  attack  that  evening  ;  but  the  Erebus 
having  grounded  within  range  of  the  batteries,  the  whole 
squadron  was  necessarily  called  into  action.  The  guns  of  the 
Fairy  and  Erebus  were  most  admirably  directed,  and  had 
great  effect,  while  the  bomb-ships  threw  shells  with  equal 
precision.  By  8h.  p.m.  the  American  batteries  were  silenced  ; 
and  on  the  following  morning  the  squadron  passed  without 
molestation.  On  the  9th  the  Seahorse  and  squadron  iv- 
anchored  at  the  entrance  of  the  Potomac,  the  spot  which 
they  had  quitted  twenty-three  days  previously. 

The  loss  during  this  most  fatiguing  and  arduous  service- 


1814.]  ATTACK  ON  BALTIMORE. 


483 


was  not  so  heavy  as  might  reasonably  have  been  expected 
On  board  the  squadron  it  amounted  to  seven  (including 
Lieutenant  Dickinson)  killed,  and  thirty-live  wounded 
Amongst  the  latter  were  Captains  Napier  and  Bartholomew 
Lieutenant  Keuben  Payne,  and  Andrew  Reid,  master's  mate' 
all  slightly.  Captain  Gordon,  in  his  official  letter,  mentioned 
m  the  most  gratifying  manner  all  the  captains  and  officers 
associated  with  him  in  the  enterprise,  and  in  particular 
described  the  conduct  of  Lieutenants  Henry  King  (first  of 
the  Seahorse)  and  Thomas  Herbert  (first  of  the  Euryalus) 
in  the  highest  terms  ;  nor  did  he  omit  naming  the  important 
part  enacted  by  the  master  of  the  Seahorse,  Alexander 
Louthean,  who,  he  stated,  "both  found  and  buoyed  the 
channel  of  a  navigation  which  no  ship  of  a  similar  draught 
of  water  had  ever  before  attempted  with  her  guns  and  stores 
on  board."  So  difficult  indeed  was  the  navigation  considered 
by  the  Americans  themselves,  that  a  seaman  of  the  Seahorse 
who  had  served  on  board  the  President,  stated  that  that 
frigate  took  forty-two  days  to  accomplish  the  same  distance 
without  her  guns  on  board. 

The  attack  upon  Baltimore  was  attended  with  less  fortunate 
results,  owing  to  the  great  strength  of  the  place.  Baltimore 
is  built  on  a  tongue  of  land  watered  on  one  side  by  the 
Susquehana,  and  on  the  other  by  a  continuation  of  the 
Chesapeake.  The  city  is  about  fourteen  miles  distant  from 
the  confluence  of  the  Pat-apsco  and  Chesapeake,  and  is  sur- 
rounded by  detached  hills,  one  of  which  on  the  eastern  side 
commands  the  place.  The  entrance  was  protected  by  Fort 
McHeniy,  distant  two  miles  from  the  city,  and  by  a  bar 
running  across  the  harbour,  on  which  there  are  only  about 
fourteen  or  fifteen  feet  water.  The  successes  of  the  British 
arms  at  Washington  had  struck  a  panic  into  the  inhabitants 
of  this  important  place ;  and  it  is  probable,  that  had  a 
vigorous  blow  been  immediately  struck,  the  result  would 
have  been  most  favourable  •  but  some  delay  taking  place,  the 
Americans  recovered  from  their  fears,  and  resorted  to  the- 
strongest  means  for  protection  in  the  event  of  an  attack. 
Exclusive  of  16,300  militia,  regulars,  and  flotilla-men,  which 
General  Winder  had  been  ordered  to  assemble  for  the  defence 
of  the  district,  numerous  volunteers  came  flocking  in  from 
2i2 


484  ATTACK   OX   BALTIMORE.  [1814. 

Pennsylvania,  and  the  seamen  and  marines  belonging  to  the 
ships  of  Commodore  Rogers  and  Captains  Perry  and  Porter 
also  arrived  from  the  banks  of  the  Potomac. 

On  the  6th  of  September,  the  Royal  Oak,  bearing  Vice- 
Admiral  Sir  Alexander  Cochrane's  nag,  with  the  squadron 
and  transports,  sailed  from  Tangier  Island,  and  on  the  11th 
anchored  at  North  Point,  where  the  whole  force  disembarked, 
numbering  3,270  rank  and  file,  including  a  division  of  sea- 
men the  marines,  and  black  colonial  marines  of  the  fleet. 
The' seamen,  in  number  600,  were  commanded  by  Captains 
Edward  Lowther  Crofton,  Thomas  Ball  Sulivan,  Rowland 
Money,  and  Robert   Ramsay ;  and  the  marines  by  Captain 
John  Robyns.     The  frigates  Severn,  Euryalus,  Havannah, 
and  Hebrus,  five  mortar-ships,  and  the  Erebus  rocket-ship, 
were  appointed  to  proceed  up  the  river  to  the  attack  of  lort 
McHenry  and  other  contiguous  batteries.     Immediately  on 
landing,    the    British   force,  commanded  by  Major-General 
Ross,  accompanied  by  Rear- Admiral  Cockburn,  moved  for- 
ward towards  the  city,  without  meeting  any  considerable 
opposition.    In  the  only  skirmish  of  any  consequence,  Major- 
General  Ross  was  killed  by  a  musket-ball,  and  the  command 
of  the  troops  devolved  on  Colonel  Brooke,  of  the  4th  regi- 
ment.    An  action  took  place  the  same  day  within  about  five 
miles  of  the  city.     The  American  army,  numbering  about 
4,500  men,  was  drawn  up  with  six  pieces  of  artillery  and  a 
body  of  cavalry ;  and  in  a  position  to  be  supported  by  a 
reserve  of  upwards  of  8,000  men.    The  attack  of  the  British, 
however,  was  irresistible.     The  men  advanced  in  the  face  of 
a  constant  and  well-directed  fire  of  musketry  and  from  the 
field-pieces,  and  the  Americans  retreated  before  them  to  the 
shelter  of  a  wood,  from  which  they  were  dislodged  at  the 
uoint  of  the  bayonet.     The  Americans  left  their  wounded 
and  two  guns  upon  the  field.     The  loss  to  the  navy  m  this 
important  battle  amounted  to  Arthur  Edmondson,  captains 
clerk,  five  seamen,  and  one  marine  killed  ;  and  Captain  oi 
•  marines  John  Robyns.  Lieutenant  Sampson  Marshall  (severely).. 
Charles  Ogle,  midshipman,  thirty  seamen,  and  fifteen  marines 
wounded  ;  making,  with  the  loss  sustained  by  the  troops 
forty-six  killed,  and  300  wounded.     The  large  number  o: 
wounded  in  proportion  to  the  killed  may  be  accounted  foi 
by  the  fact  that  the  Americans  used  buck-shot ;    and  th< 


1814.]  ATTACK   ON    BALTIMORE.  485 

severity  of  the  loss  was  occasioned  by  their  advantageous 
position.  The  enemy  acknowledged  to  a  loss  of  twenty 
killed,  and  ninety  wounded,  and  forty -seven  missing ;  but 
the  British  made  200  prisoners,  which  proves  the  last  return 
to  be  untrue,  and  we  may  therefore  place  what  reliance  we 
please  upon  the  others. 

On  the  morning  of  the  13th,  the  British  advanced  and 
took  up  an  eligible  situation  two  miles  to  the  eastward  of 
Baltimore,  whence  the  powerful  defences  of  the  city  were 
discovered,  and  prepartions  made  for  storming  the  works.  In 
endeavouring  to  reach  Fort  McHenry,  several  of  the  squadron 
grounded  ;  but  on  the  12th,  at  9h.  p.m.,  the  Meteor,  ^Etna, 
Terror,  Volcano,  and  Devastation  mortar-ships,  Captains 
Samuel  Roberts,  Richard  Kenah,  John  Sheridan,  David 
Price,  and  Thomas  Alexander,  and  rocket-snip  Erebus, 
Captain  David  E.  Bartholomew,  anchored  in  a  position  to 
bombard  the  fort  and  batteries,  the  frigates  being  outside. 
On  the  13  th.  at  daylight,  the  firing  commenced,  and  was  re- 
turned from  Fort  McHenry,  the  Star  Fort,  and  batteries  on 
each  side  of  the  river.  The  firing  continued  all  day,  but 
with  very  little  effect,  on  account  of  the  distance.  At  night, 
a  divison  of  twenty  boats  was  despatched  up  the  Ferry  branch 
to  cause  a  diversion  in  favour  of  a  projected  assault  upon  the 
enemy's  camp  ;  but  in  consequence  of  the  extreme  darkness 
of  the  night,  the  boats  separated,  and  eleven  returned  to 
their  ships.  The  remaining  nine  boats,  containing  128 
officers  and  men,  under  Captain  Napier,  passed  up  the  river 
some  distance  above  Fort  McHenry,  and  opened  a  fire  of 
rockets  and  musketry ;  but  Captain  Napier  not  havino-  his 
whole  party,  refrained  from  landing.  A  body  of  troops  was 
quickly  drawn  to  the  spot,  and  Captain  Napier  having  thus 
effected  the  principal  object  intended,  returned  down  the 
river.  When  abreast  of  the  fort,  one  of  the  officers  unad- 
visedly discharged  a  rocket,  and  a  heavy  fire  was  instantly 
opened  upon  the  boats,  but  which  fortunately  killed  no 
more  than  one  man  of  the  party  :  no  other  casualty 
occurred. 

The  expedition  was  on  the  same  evening  countermanded 
by  the  vice-admiral ;  and  the  British  quitted  their  encamp- 
ment, and  retreated  leisurely  to  North  Point,  where  the 
troops  re-embarked.     The  object  in  view  by  the  commander- 


486  ATTACK    ON   FORT   BOWYER.  [1S14. 

in-chief  in  withdrawing  the  forces  was  a  projected  attack  on 
New  Orleans. 

On  the  12th  of  September,  Captain  the  Honourable  Henry 
W  Percy,  in  the  20-gun  ship  Hermes,   having  under  Ins 
orders   the  20-gun  ship  Carron,   18-gun  brigs  Sophie  and 
Childers,    Captains    the    Honourable    Robert   C.   Spencer, 
Nicholas  Lockyer,  and  John  B.  Umfreville,  anchored  about 
six  miles  to  the  eastward  of  Mobile,  on  the  coast  of  West 
"Florida    for  the  purpose  of  making  an  attack  upon  Fort 
Bowyer,    situated   on   Mobile   Point.      This  fort  mounted 
twenty-eight  guns,  principally  32  and  24-pounders.     In  con- 
sequence of  the  intricacy  of  the  channel,  however,  it  was  the 
15th  before  the  ships  could  cross  the  bar  to  take  up  their 
station  ;    but   this   was   at   length   accomplished,  and  the 
Hermes,  Sophie,  Carron,  and  Childers  anchored  in  line  ;  the 
two  first  by  the  head  and  stern  within  musket-shot  of  the 
battery,  but  the  two  latter  far  astern.     Previously  to  this, 
a  detachment  of  sixty  marines  and  120  Indians,  with  a  small 
howitzer,   under   Lieutenant-Colonel   Edward   Nicolls,   had 
landed  on  the  peninsula,  and  a  party  proceeded  to  secure  the 
pass  of  Bonsecours,  twenty-seven  miles  to  the  eastward  of  the 
fort.     Owing  to  the  distance  at  which  the  Carron  and  Chil- 
ders had  unavoidably  anchored,  the  cannonade  was  confined 
almost  exclusively  to  the  Hermes  and  Sophie,  and  in  a  short 
time  the  superior  fire  of  the  fort  had  nearly  crippled  the 
Hermes.     Having  had  her  bow  cable  cut,  the  Hermes  was 
swept  aground  by  the  current,  with  her  head  exposed  to  a 
heavy  fire,  which  in  a  short  time  cleared  her  decks.     She 
was,  however,  got  off,  and  her  foremost  guns  brought  to  bear. 
The  fire  of  the  Sophie  was  very  inefficient,  owing  to  her 
rotten  state,  from  which  cause  the  breeching-bolts  drew  and 
the  guns  upset.     The  Hermes  then  endeavoured  to  drop  out 
of  gun-shot,  but  again  took  the  ground,  and  every  means 
having  been  used  to  get  her  afloat,  in  which  every  boat  but 
one  was  destroyed,  Captain  Percy  determined  to  abandon  the 
ship,  and  the  Hermes  was  set  on  fire.    The  loss  amounted  m 
the  Hermes  to  seventeen  killed,  including  Richard  C.  Pyne 
(master),  B.  Hewlett,  master's  mate,  and  G.  Thompson,  boat- 
swain,   and   five   men    mortally,    two    dangerously,   fifteen 
(including  Lieutenant-Colonel  Nicolls)  severely,  and  three 
slightly  wounded ;  and  on  board  the  Sophie  six  men  were 


1814.]   DESTRUCTION  OF  THE  GENERAL  ARMSTRONG.     487 

killed  and  sixteen  wounded.  Total  :  twenty-eight  killed 
or  mortally  wounded,  and  thirty-six  severely  and  slightly 
wounded. 

On  the  26th  of  September,  a  squadron,  consisting  of  the 
74-gun  ship  Plantagenet,  Captain  Robert  Lloyd;  38-gun 
frigate  Rota,  Captain  Philip  Somerville ;  and  18-gun  brig 
Carnation,  Commander  George  Bentham,  cruising  oif  the 
Western  Islands,  discovered  at  anchor  in  Fayal  Roads  the 
American  schooner  privateer  General  Armstrong,  Captain 
Camplin,  of  seven  guns  and  ninety  men.  The  neutrality  of 
the  port  having  been  violated  by  the  American  captain  in 
firing  on  a  boat  from  the  Plantagenet,  by  which  two  men 
were  killed  and  two  wounded,  Captain  Lloyd  determined  to 
attempt  the  capture  of  the  privateer  by  the  boats  of  the 
squadron.  At  8h.  p.m.  the  Plantagenet  and  Rota  anchored 
off  Fayal  Road,  and  at  9h.  seven  boats  from  the  two  ships, 
containing  180  men,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenant  William 
Matterface,  of  the  Rota,  departed  on  this  service.  At  mid- 
night, after  a  fatiguing  pull,  the  boats  arrived  within  hail, 
when  they  received  from  the  schooner,  and  from  a  battery 
erected  with  some  of  her  guns  on  a  point  of  land,  a  heavy 
fire  of  cannon  and  musketry.  Two  of  the  boats  were  sunk, 
and  more  than  half  the  men  that  had  been  sent  away  in  them 
killed  or  wounded.  The  remainder  returned,  and  about 
2h.  a.m.  on  the  27th  reached  the  Rota.  The  Rota's  first  and 
third  lieutenants  (Matterface  and  Charles  R.  Norman),  one 
midshipman,  and  thirty-one  seamen  and  marines  were  killed  ; 
and  her  second  lieutenant,  Richard  Rawle,  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Thomas  Park,  —  Bridgeman  (acting)  purser,  two 
midshipmen,  and  eighty-one  men  wounded.  Soon  after  day- 
light the  Carnation  stood  into  the  roads  to  attack  the 
privateer  ;  but  the  Americans  set  fire  to  and  destroyed 
her. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  the  40-gun  frigate  Endymion, 
Captain  Henry  Hope,  being  off  the  shoals  of  Nantucket,  fell 
in  with  the  United  States  18-gun  privateer  brig  Neufchatel, 
manned  with  a  crew  of  120  or  130  men.  It  falling  calm, 
Captain  Hope  despatched  the  boats  of  the  frigate,  under  the 
orders  of  Lieutenant  Abel  Hawkins  (an  officer  of  sixteen 
years'  standing),  to  board  her.  The  boats'  crews  gallantly 
attempted  to  possess  themselves  of  the  brig,  but  were  beaten 


488  CAPTURE    OF    FLOTILLA   OX   LAKE   B02-GNE.  [1814. 

off  with  great  loss.  Lieutenant  Hawkins,  one  midshipman, 
and  twenty-six  men  were  killed  ;  and  two  officers  and  thirty- 
five  men  wounded.  In  addition  to  this  heavy  loss,  the 
launch  was  overpowered  and  captured  with  the  remainder  of 
her  crew,  who  were  made  prisoners. 

On  the  8th  of  December,  Yice-Admiral  Sir  Alexander 
I.  Cochrane,  in  the  Tonnant,  anchored  oft"  the  Chandeleur 
Islands.  On  the  same  day,  while  the  38-gun  frigate  Armide, 
Captain  Edward  T.  Troubridge,  accompanied  by  the  Seahorse 
and  Sophie,  was  running  past  the  chain  of  small  islands 
between  Mobile  and  Lake  Borgne,  she  was  fired  at  by  two 
American  gun-boats.  Three  other  gun-boats  were  shortly 
afterwards  observed  cruising  about  the  lake.  Sir  Alexander 
Cochrane  having  selected  the  head  of  this  lake  for  the  dis- 
embarkation of  the  troops  intended  for  the  attack  upon  New 
Orleans,  the  remainder  of  his  squadron  and  the  troop-ships 
joined  him  at  his  anchorage  in  the  course  of  a  few  days ;  but 
as  the  disembarkation  must  necessarily  be  performed  for 
many  miles  in  boats,  it  became  necessary,  previously  to 
making  the  attempt,  to  free  the  lake  of  the  gun-boats. 
Accordingly,  on  the  night  of  the  12th  of  December,  forty- 
two  launches,  armed  with  their  usual  carronades,  and  three 
gigs,  containing  in  all  980  seamen  and  marines,  quitted  the 
Armide  in  three  divisions,  under  the  orders  of  Commander 
Nicholas  Lockyer,  assisted  by  Commanders  Henry  Montresor 
and  Samuel  Roberts,  each  in  command  of  a  division.  The 
enemy  was  of  no  mean  description,  and  was  in  possession  of 
all  the  advantages  resulting  from  local  knowledge  and  posi- 
tion. The  gun-boats  measured  from  seventy-five  to  129  tons 
each,  and  some  of  them  had  twice  crossed  the  Atlantic.1 
No.  156  was  commanded  by  Lieutenant-Commandant  Thomas 
A.  C.  Jones,  and  mounted  oue  long  2-4-pounder  on  a  pivot 
carriage,  four  12-pounder  carronades,  and  four  swivels,  with 
a  crew  of  forty-one  men.  No.  23  mounted  a  long  32-pounder, 
six  long  6-pounclers,  two  5-inch  howitzers,  and  four  swivels, 
with  a  crew  of  thirty-nine  (we  should  rather  suppose  fifty- 
nine)  men,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Isaac  McKeene. 
Three  others  were  similarly  armed  and  manned ;  and  in 
addition  were  a  schooner  and  sloop,  mounting  each  one  gun. 

1   United  Service  Journal  for  June,  1840,  p.  186. 


1814.]    CAPTURE  OF  FLOTILLA  ON  LAKE  BORGXE.      48& 

Captain  Lockyer  stated  the  total  number  of  the  American 
crews  at  245. 

On  the  13th,  in  the  afternoon,  the  advance  of  the  boats 
was  observed  by  Lieutenant  Jones,  who  believing  them  about 
to  land  troops,  gave  orders  for  the  destruction  of  the  stores 
at  St.  Louis  Bay.  The  schooner  detached  on  this  service 
was  attacked  by  a  division  of  the  boats,  but  unsuccessfully, 
in  consequence  of  the  strong  position  occupied  by  her,  under 
the  protection  of  two  guns.  Dreading  a  second  attack,  how- 
ever, the  schooner  was  destroyed  by  her  own  crew,  together 
with  the  storehouses.  On  the  14th  Lieutenant  Jones  moored 
Ins  flotilla,  with  springs  on  their  cables  and  with  boarding 
nettings  triced  up,  across  the  narrow  channel  known  as 
Malheureux  Island  Passage,  and  in  so  commanding  a  situation 
that  the  approach  was  most  difficult,  and  could  not  but  be 
destructive  to  any  assailant.  At  9h.  30m.  a.m.,  having  arrived 
within  long  gun-shot  of  the  enemy,  Captain  Lockyer  ordered 
the  boats  to  anchor,  to  give  the  men  their  breakfasts,  they 
having  rowed  thirty-six  miles  nearly  all  the  way  against  a 
strong  current.  At  lOh.  30m.  the  boats  weighed  and  again 
took  to  their  oars  ;  and  in  the  teeth  of  their  enemy,  and  of 
a  tide  running  at  the  rate  of  three  miles  an  hour,  moved 
forward  exposed  to  a  heavy  and  destructive  fire  of  round  and 
grape.  It  was  near  noon  when  the  headmost  British  boat — 
the  second  barge  of  the  Seahorse,  in  which  were  Captain 
Lockyer  and  Lieutenant  George  Pratt — was  enabled  to 
grapple  with  the  enemy.  The  barge  laid  the  gun-boat, 
bearing  the  commodore's  pendant,  alongside,  and  a  desperate 
contest  ensued.  Nearly  all  the  assailants  were  either  killed 
or  wounded,  including  among  the  latter  Captain  Lockyer, 
severely,  and  Lieutenant  Pratt,  mortally  \  but  .the  remnant 
gained  the  enemy's  deck,  and  being  well  supported  by  the 
Seahorse's  first  barge,  under  George  It.  White,  midshipman, 
and  by  the  boats  of  the  Tonnant,  commanded  by  Lieutenant 
James  B.  Tattnall,  the  vessel  was  soon  in  possession  of  the 
British.  The  boat  of  the  latter  officer  sank  alongside  the 
vessel,  from  the  injuries  she  had  received,  but  the  crew,  taking 
possession  of  another  boat,  gallantly  proceeded  to  the  attack 
of  the  four  remaining  gun-boats.  Other  boats  arriving  up  in 
quick  succession,  the  whole  American  force  was  in  about  five 
minutes  in  possession  of  the  British.     The  execution  of  tins 


490  CAPTURE   OF   FLOTILLA   ON   LAKE   BORGNE.         [1814. 

daring  service  was  attended  with  a  heavy  loss,  occasioned 
principally  by  the  galling  fire  to  which  the  boats  were 
exposed  when  advancing  to  the  attack.  It  was  as  follows : — 
Thomas  W.  Moore,  John  Mills,  and  Henry  Syrnons,  midship- 
men, of  the  Seahorse  and  Trave,  thirteen  seamen,  and  one 
marine  killed  ;  and  Captain  Lockyer,  Lieutenants  "William 
G.  Roberts,  John  Franklin,  Henry  G.  Etough,  and  George 
Pratt  (the  latter  mortally),  Lieutenant  of  marines  James 
Uniacke,  Mark  Pettet,  James  Hunter,  and  John  Sudbury, 
master's  mates  ;  John  O.  Reilly,  Robert  Uniacke  (mortally), 
Peter  Drummond,  George  W.  Cole,  William  G.  White, 
David  McKenzie,  and  —  Pilkington  (mortally),  midshipmen, 
fifty  seamen,  and  eleven  marines  wounded.  Total :  seventeen 
killed  and  seventy-seven  wounded,  three  mortally.  The  loss 
sustained  by  the  Americans  was  slight  in  comparison,  amount- 
ing only  to  six  killed,  and  thirty-five,  including  Lieutenant 
Jones,  wounded.  The  affair  was  very  gallantly  contested  ; 
but  the  advance  of  the  British  under  circumstances  so  dis- 
couraging, is  one  of  the  most  daring  feats  on  record.  Captains 
Lockyer,  Montresor,  and  Roberts  were  promoted,  and  some 
of  the  lieutenants  and  midshipmen  also  gained  a  step  in 
rank.     The  above  is  a  naval  medal  boat  action. 


1815.]  ENDYMION  AND   PRESIDENT.  491 


1815. 

The  Endymion,  after  receiving  a  lieutenant,  four  midship- 
men, and  thirty-three  men  from  the  Saturn,  to  replace  those 
lost  in  the  attack  upon  the  privateer  in  the  manner  already 
described,1  joined  the  56-gun  frigate  Majestic,  Captain  John 
Hayes,  and  Pomone,  Captain  John  E-.  Lumley.  A  few  days 
afterwards  the  38-gun  frigate  Tenedos,  Captain  Hyde  Par- 
ker, joined  company.  On  the  15th  of  January  these  ships 
were  cruising  off  Sandy  Hook,  when,  at  5h.  A.M.,  the  United 
States  44-gun  frigate  President,  Commodore  Stephen  Deca- 
tur, passed  them  about  two  miles  to  the  northward.  All 
sail  was  made  by  the  British  squadron,  steering  east  by  north, 
wind  about  north-west ;  and  at  6h.  30m.  the  Majestic  fired 
three  shot  at  the  chase,  but  was  so  distant  that  the  fire  was 
not  returned.  Towards  noon  the  wind  fell  light,  and  the 
Endymion,  outsailing  the  Majestic,  gained  upon  the  Presi- 
dent. At  lh.  15m.  p.m.  the  President  cut  away  her  anchors, 
started  her  water,  and  threw  overboard  boats,  spars,  &c, 
to  facilitate  her  retreat,  and  continued  to  wet  her  sails  from 
the  royals  downwards.  At  2h.  p.m.  the  President  opened 
fire  from  her  stem-chasers,  and  at  2h.  30m.  the  Endymion 
fired  her  bow  guns.  At  5h.  30m.  the  chase  wore  and 
altered  course  to  south,  her  movements  being  closely  followed 
by  the  British  frigate,  which  soon  afterwards  brought  the 
President  to  action.  The  two  ships  gradually  closed  until 
6h.,  when  the  musketry  from  the  tops  of  the  American  ship 
began  to  do  execution  on  the  deck  of  her  antagonist.  At 
6h.  40m.  the  President  luffed  across  the  bows  of  the  Endy- 
mion, and  the  latter,  passing  under  the  President's  stern, 
fired  two  raking  broadsides,  and  then  hauling  up,  placed 
herself  on  the  larboard  and  lee  quarter  of  the  latter.  At 
7h.  15m.  the  Endymion's  larboard-quarter  boat  was  shot 
away,  and  also  her  lower  and  main-topgallant  studding-sails. 

1  See  p.  487,  ante. 


492  CAPTURE    OF   THE    PRESIDENT.  [1815. 

The  President  about  this  time  ceased  firing  until  7h.  30m., 
when  it  was  resumed  from  her  aftermost  guns,  which 
brought  down  the  Endymion's  main-topmast  studding-sail. 
The  President  then  hauled  suddenly  to  the  wind,  in  the 
hope  of  escaping  to  windward,  and  the  Endymion,  pouring 
a  raking  fire  into  her  stern,  hauled  up  in  pursuit.  At 
7h.  40m.  the  President  kept  more  away,  firing  only  at 
intervals,  and  at  8h.  p.m.  ceased  altogether.  Captain  Hope, 
supposing  the  President  to  have  surrendered,  ordered  the 
Endymion  to  cease  firing,  and  the  British  crew  commenced 
bending  new  sails,  those  on  the  yards  having  been  almost 
wholly  destroyed  by  the  American  chain  and  bar  shot. 

The  American  frigate  in  the  meanwhile  continued  her 
course  to  the  eastward,  under  a  heavy  press  of  canvass  ;  but 
at  llh.  15m.,  the  Pomone,  ranging  up  on  her  larboard 
quarter,  fired  her  starboard  broadside.  The  President  im- 
mediately rounded  to,  and  hailed  to  say  that  she  had  sur- 
rendered j  but  before  the  meaning  of  the  hail  was  under- 
stood, the  Pomone  had  discharged  a  second  broadside.  The 
Tenedos  shortly  afterwards  arrived  up,  and  sent  a  boat  to 
take  possession  of  the  prize.  The  Endymion,  out  of  319 
men  and  twenty-seven  boys,  had  eleven  men  killed  and 
fourteen  wounded.  The  President's  loss,  out  of  a  crew  of 
465  men  and  four  boys,  amounted  to  three  lieutenants  and 
thirty-two  men  killed ;  her  commander,  master,  two  mid- 
shipmen, and  sixty-six  men  wounded.  Total  :  thirty-five 
killed  and  seventy  wounded. 

Had  the  Endymion  and  President  met  under  different 
circumstances,  more  honour  would  undoubtedly  have  been 
gained  by  the  capture ;  but  the  presence  of  the  British 
squadron  must  certainly  have  served  to  damp  the  energies 
of  the  Americans.  That  the  Endymion  would  have  made 
a  prize  of  the  President  is  more  than  probable,  had  the 
Pomone  not  interfered,  in  which  case  the  victory  would 
have  been  a  proud  one.  The  following  shows  the  conv 
parative  force  of  the  combatants  :  — 

ENDYMION.  PRESIDENT. 

-p      .  . ,  (No.  24  28 

Broadside  guns  . .  j  Rg  6Q4    g52 

Crew  (men  only) . .     No.  319   465 

Size Tons     1,277   . . -  ...  1,533 


1815.]        CAPTURE  OF  CYANE  AND  LEVANT.  493 

On  the  17th,  during  a  heavy  gale  from  the  eastward,  the 
Endymion  was  obliged  to  throw  overboard  her  quarter-deck 
and  forecastle  guns,  and  lost  her  bowsprit  and  fore  and 
main  masts.  The  President  lost  all  three  lower  masts,  and 
several  of  her  guns  were  also  thrown  overboard.  Captain 
Hope  was  honoured  with  a  gold  medal  for  this  action,  and 
his  first  lieutenant,  William  Thomas  Morgan,  deservedly 
promoted.  The  President  was  added  to  the  British  navy 
under  the  same  name ;  but  was  old  and  so  much  damaged 
that  she  was  never  commissioned.  The  possession  of  the 
ship,  however,  afforded  ocular  demonstration  of  the  "  equal 
force"  by  which  British  ships  had  been  conquered.  The 
capture  of  the  President  entitles  those  serving  in  the  Endy- 
mion to  the  naval  medal. 

On  the  20th  of  February,  at  lh.  20m.  p.m.  (Madeira  bear- 
ing west-south-west,  distant  sixty  leagues),  as  the  22-gun 
ship  Cyane,  and  20-gun  corvette  Levant,  Captains  Gordon 
Thomas  Falcon  and  the  Honourable  George  Douglas,  were 
steering  under  all  sail  to  the  westward,  a  strange  sail  hove 
in  sight,  bearing  north-east.  Captain  Falcon  immediately 
made  signals  to  the  Levant,  then  nearly  hull  down  to  lee- 
ward, and,  taking  in  her  studding-sails,  hauled  up  on  the 
starboard  tack  to  reconnoitre.  The  stranger  was  soon  made 
out  to  be  a  large  ship,  and  was  in  fact  the  United  States 
frigate  Constitution,  Captain  Charles  Stewart,  standing 
towards  the  British  vessels  under  all  sail.  At  2h.  45m.  the 
Cyane  bore  up  to  close  the  Levant,  and  at  4h.  45m.  shor- 
tened sail  and  hove  to  to  speak  her,  when  Captain  Falcon 
gave  a  correct  opinion  to  Captain  Douglas  as  to  their  pur- 
suer. As  it  was  known  that  a  British  convoy,  under  charge 
of  a  small  frigate,  was  not  more  than  thirty  miles  to  the 
southward,  it  became  an  object  of  importance  to  draw  the 
enemy  beyond  their  reach  ;  and  accordingly  Captain  Douglas 
(he  being  the  senior  officer)  determined  to  make  sail  to  the 
northward,  and  also  to  offer  the  best  resistance  possible  to 
the  superior  force  approaching.  The  two  ships  then  made 
'ail  sail  on  a  wind ;  but  finding  the  Constitution  gain  in  the 
shase,  they  bore  up  with  the  wind  on  the  starboard  quarter. 

Captain  Falcon  suggested  to  Captain  Douglas  that  the 
two  ships  should  keep  as  nearly  as  possible  abreast,  so  that 
both  might  use  their  stern  chase-guns,  in  the  hope  of  dis- 


494  CAPTUKE  OF  CYANE  AND  LEVANT.        [1815. 

abling  their  pursuer  in  her  approach.  This  design  was, 
however,  frustrated  by  the  defective  fitting  of  the  guns.  It 
was  found  on  board  the  Levant  that  when  the  guns  were 
placed  in  the  stern  ports  there  was  not  sufficient  space  left 
for  the  tiller  to  traverse ;  and  on  board  the  Cyane  the  stern 
ports  were  found  too  small,  and  not  calculated  for  carronades, 
that  ship  having  been  originally  built  for  long  guns.  On 
ascertaining  these  irremediable  defects,  Captain  Douglas 
determined,  at  5h.  10m.,  again  to  haul  to  the  wind  on  the 
starboard  tack,  with  the  Cyane  astern.  This  alteration  of 
course  brought  the  Constitution  on  the  weather  quarter  of 
the  British  vessels,  distant  one  mile. 

At  5h.  30ni..  the  American  frigate,  being  about  two 
points  abaft  the  beam,  of  the  Cyane,  and  within  point 
blank  range  for  long  guns,  commenced  the  action.  Both 
British  vessels  opened  a  smart  fire  in  return,  and  the 
Levant,  by  keeping  a  close  luff,  was  enabled  to  take  an 
advantageous  position  on  the  bow  of  the  frigate.  Captain 
Falcon,  finding  the  Cyane's  shot  to  fall  short  of  the  enemy, 
then  braced  sharp  up  to  endeavour  to  get  upon  the  quarter 
of  the  Constitution ;  and  at  6h.  shivered  the  main-topsail  to 
allow  the  enemy  to  draw  a  little  ahead,  when  the  Cyane 
again  filled  and  stood  towards  the  Constitution.  But  the 
latter  defeated  Captain  Falcon's  intention,  by  throwing  all 
aback,  thus  again  bringing  the  Cyane  upon  the  beam  of  her 
huge  adversary,  now  nearly  within  musket-shot.  The  supe- 
rior fire  of  the  American  frigate  was  soon  evident.  Four 
or  more  of  the  Cyane's  guns  on  the  engaged  side  being 
dismounted  or  disabled,  and,  perceiving  that  the  Levant 
had  bore  up  with  the  supposed  intention  of  wearing, 
Captain  Falcon,  at  about  6h.  40m.,  also  wore,  and  with 
great  difficulty  the  ship  was  brought  to  the  wind  on  the 
larboard  tack,  every  brace  and  bow-line,  except  the  larboard 
fore-brace,  having  been  shot  away.  The  Constitution  fol- 
lowed, and  in  a  short  time  opened  fire  from  the  starboard 
guns.  The  Levant  having  suffered  much  from  the  enemy's 
fire,  had  bore  up  to  refit,  but,  by  so  doing,  had  divided  the 
force,  already  vastly  inferior ;  and  the  Cyane,  whose  masts 
and  yards  were  all  rendered  unserviceable,  at  7h.  hauled 
down  her  colours  and  showed  a  light  to  denote  her  sur- 
render. 


1815.]        CAPTURE  OF  CYANE  AND  LEVANT.  495 

Two  hours  after  the  termination  of  the  action  between 
the  Constitution  and  Cyane,  the  Levant  arrived  up,  and 
after  endeavouring  to  obtain  the  weather  gage,  recommenced 
firing  upon  the  enemy's  ship.  Finding  the  Cyane  to  have 
surrendered,  the  Levant  bore  up  to  escape  ;  but,  receiving  a 
heavy  raking  fire,  which  shot  away  her  wheel,  further  re- 
sistance was  found  unavailing,  and  the  colours  were  hauled 
down. 

Out  of  a  complement  of  115  men  and  sixteen  boys,  the 
Levant  had  four  killed  and  seventeen  wounded;  and  the 
Cyane,  the  crew  of  which  consisted  of  145  men  and  twenty- 
six  boys,  had  four  killed  and  three  officers  and  seventeen 
men  wounded.  Total,  in  the  two  ships :  eight  killed  and 
thirty-seven  wounded.  The  loss  of  the  Constitution,  out 
of  472  men,  amounted  to  six  killed  and  eighteen  or  twenty 
wounded,  several  of  whom  mortally.  The  whole  number  of 
guns  on  board  the  British  ships  was  fifty,  of  which  only 
four  were  long  guns,  and  those  of  light  calibre.  The  Cyane 
measured  about  530  tons,  and  was  of  the  class  commonly 
called  "  donkey  frigate."  She  was  armed  with  twenty-two 
32-pounder  carrronades  on  her  main  deck,  and  eight 
18-pounder  carronades  and  two  long  9-pounders  on  her 
quarter-deck  and  forecastle.  The  Levant  was  a  corvette  of 
450  tons,  mounting  eighteen  32-pounder  carronades  and  two 
long  nines.  The  Constitution's  armament  and  size  have 
already  been  stated,  and  it  is  quite  unnecessary  to  add  one 
line  to  prove  her  immense  superiority. 

Captains  Douglas  and  Falcon  were,  on  the  28th  of  June, 
tried  by  a  court-martial,  at  Halifax,  for  the  loss  of  their 
respective  ships,  and  fully  and  honourably  acquitted  of  all 
blame,  and  deservedly  applauded  for  the  gallant  defence  each 
had  made.  The  court  also  expressed  to  the  remaining  crew 
of  the  Cyane,  in  the  strongest  terms,  the  sense  entertained 
of  their  determined  loyalty  in  resisting  the  temptations  held 
out  by  the  enemy  to  draw  them  from  their  allegiance,  which 
they  retained  also  under  circumstances  of  almost  unpre- 
cedented severity  exercised  towards  them  whilst  on  board 
the  Constitution. 

On  the  26th  of  February,  the  13-gun  schooner  St.  Lawrence 
(twelve  carronades,  12-pounders,  and  one  long  9-pounder), 
Lieutenant    Henry   Cranmer   Gordon,    while    carrying    de- 


496  PENGUIN  AND  HORNET.  [1815. 

spatches  from  Rear- Admiral  Cockburn  relative  to  the  peace 
between  the  United  States  and  Great  Britain,  was  fallen  in 
with  and  captured,  after  a  very  gallant  defence,  by  the 
American  14-gun  privateer  brig  Chasseur.  The  St.  Law- 
rence, out  of  a  crew  of  fifty  men,  had  six  killed  and  eighteen 
wounded ;  and  the  Chasseur,  out  of  115  men,  had  five  killed 
and  eight  wounded. 

Two  actions  of  a  disgraceful  character  on  the  part  of  the 
Americans  remain  to  be  recorded.  The  22-gun  corvettes 
Peacock  and  Hornet,  Captains  Biddle  and  Warrington,  in 
company  with  a  store-brig,  on  the  20th  of  January  escaped 
from  New  York,  and  proceeded  on  a  cruise.  On  the  23rd 
the  Hornet  parted  company  from  her  consorts  and  pro- 
ceeded to  her  rendezvous  off  Tristan -d 'A cunha.  On  the 
20th  of  March  the  Hornet  spoke  a  neutral  vessel,  when 
Captain  Biddle  was  informed  of  the  peace.  Although  infor- 
mation coming  in  this  questionable  shape  was  not  binding, 
yet,  as  a  national  officer,  it  was  Captain  Biddle's  duty  to 
have  acted  cautiously  before  setting  it  at  defiance  ;  the  more 
so  as  he  was  aware  of  the  negotiations  pending  prior  to  his 
quitting  America.  On  the  23rd  of  March,  at  llh.  A.M.,  as 
the  Hornet  was  about  to  anchor  off  the  northern  end  of 
Tristan-d'Acunha,  the  18-gun  brig  Penguin,  Commander 
James  Dickinson,  hove  in  sight  to  windward,  and  made  sail 
towards  the  Hornet. 

In  addition  to  her  usual  armament  of  twenty  32-pounder 
earronades  and  two  long  18-pounders  mounted  (on  account 
of  their  great  length)  amid-ships,  the  Hornet  had  muske- 
toons  fitted  in  her  tops,  the  charge  for  each  of  which  being 
fifty  buck-shot ;  and  upon  each  quarter  a  brass  4-pounder 
swivel  was  mounted.  Her  crew  consisted  at  this  time  of 
165  picked  seamen— eight  being  absent  in  a  prize.  Each 
man  was  provided  with  a  boarding  helmet  made  of  thick 
leather,  and  protected  from  sabre-cuts  by  narrow  cross  iron 
bands  turning  up  at  the  sides,  to  prevent  the  blow  from 
glancing  off  the  helmet  and  striking  the  shoulder.  In  fact, 
no  improvement  which  ingenuity  could  suggest,  or  money 
purchase,  had  been  omitted  to  render  these  vessels  and  their 
crews  perfect  for  offence  and  defence.  Not  so  the  British 
government :  the  18-gun  brig,  which  in  point  of  tonnage 
and  equipment  was  most  wretched,  was  thought  all-sufficient ; 


1815.]  PENGUIN  AND   HORNET.  497 

and  the  navy  was  at  no  loss  for  officers  gallant  enough  to 
place  them  alongside  their  nominal  equals.  The  Penguin 
had  been  commissioned  in  November,  1813 ;  but  such  was 
the  difficulty  in  procuring  men,  that  her  complement  of  120 
was  not  made  up  till  the  June  following;  and  the  men, 
with  some  few  exceptions,  were  wanting  in  almost  every 
particular  except  courage,  and  twelve  only  of  the  whole 
number  had  ever  been  in  action.  The  Penguin  was  sent  to 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  where  she  lost  several  men  by 
sickness.  Commander  Dickinson  was  soon  afterwards  de- 
spatched by  the  vice-admiral  at  the  Cape  in  search  of  the 
American  privateer  ship  Young- Wasp,  and  before  sailing- 
received  on  board  an  additional  twelve  marines,  which  in- 
creased her  number  to  105  men  (including  officers)  and 
seventeen  boys  :  total,  122. 

At  lh.  45m.  p.m.  the  Penguin  hoisted  her  colours  and 
fired  a  gun ;  whereupon  the  Hornet  hauled  up  on  the  star- 
board tack,  and  discharged  her  broadside.  The  Penguin 
immediately  shortened  sail,  and  rounded  to  on  the  same 
tack,  to  windward  of  her  antagonist,  and  at  about  pistol- 
shot  distance.  In  a  very  short  time  the  star  and  bar  shot 
of  the  Hornet  had  done  their  work  on  the  rigging  and  sails, 
while  a  steady  fire  of  round  and  grape,  notwithstanding 
a  heavy  swell  which  prevailed,  was  taking  effect  upon  the 
Penguin's  deck.  As  the  brig  neared  the  Hornet,  the  latter 
edged  off  the  wind,  and  Commander  Dickinson,  at  about 
2h.  15m.,  believing  that  the  enemy  was  retiring  from  the 
contest,  resolved  upon  an  attempt  to  board ;  but  before  he 
could  put  his  design  in  force,  was  mortally  wounded. 

Lieutenant  James  McDonald  then  succeeded  to  the  com- 
mand, and,  in  pursuance  of  the  captain's  intention,  ordered 
the  helm  to  be  put  a-weather,  ancl  ran  the  Penguin's  bow- 
sprit between  the  main  and  mizen  masts  of  the  American. 
The  swell,  however,  soon  parted  the  combatants,  and  the 
Penguin's  bowsprit,  after  carrying  away  the  Hornet's  mizen 
rigging  and  spanker  boom,  snapped  in  two ;  and  almost  at 
the  same  moment  the  Penguin's  foremast  fell  aft  along  the 
larboard  and  engaged  side.  Still  unsubdued,  the  British 
crew  endeavoured  to  get  the  brig  round,  so  as  to  bring  the 
starboard  broadside  to  bear  upon  the  enemy ;  but  her  state 
was   too   unmanageable,    and    as   no   alternative   remained 

VOL.  II.  2  K 


498  PENGUIN   AND  HORNET.  [1815. 

between  being  cut  to  pieces  and  surrendering,  the  latter 
course  was  adopted.  The  action  lasted  about  forty  minutes, 
and  after  a  lapse  of  twenty-five  minutes  more,  the  Hornet's 
boat  came  alongside  with  an  officer  to  take  possession  of  the 
prize. 

The  loss  on  board  the  Penguin  was  severe  :  Commander 
Dickinson  (late  the  gallant  first  lieutenant  of  the  Cerberus 
at  Lissa),  the  boatswain,  and  four  men  were  killed,  and  four 
mortally  wounded ;  and  Lieutenant  John  Elwin  (very 
severely),  John  H.  Bond,  master's  mate,  and  John  Noyes, 
midshipman  (each  with  the  loss  of  a  leg),  and  twenty-five 
men  wounded. 

The  Hornet  had  not  wholly  escaped.  Several  shot  had 
struck  her  hull,  and  some  between  wind  and  water,  which 
obliged  the  pumps  to  be  kept  going.  The  number  of  her 
killed  and  wounded  was  concealed  as  much  as  possible,  and 
her  acknowledged  loss  was  only  two  of  the  former  and  eleven 
of  the  latter.  To  show  how  far  this  wish  of  concealment 
was  carried,  Edward  B.  Kirk,  one  of  the  Penguin's  midship- 
men, who  was  the  first  prisoner  taken  on  board,  observed  the 
crew,  as  he  stepped  on  the  Hornet's  deck,  in  the  act  of 
throwing  a  man  overboard,  when  some  sign  of  animation  in 
the  poor  fellow  induced  them  to  haul  him  in  again.  The 
man  in  a  few  days  afterwards  was  walking  about  in  a  state  of 
convalescence.  Sixteen  wounded  men  were  counted  in  their 
cots  by  the  Penguin's  officers. 

The  Penguin  was  destroyed  by  her  captors  on  the  morning 
of  the  25th,  in  order  that  she  should  not  be  a  clog  to  the 
projected  cruise  to  the  East  Indies,  which  Biddle  and  his 
friend  Warrington  (who  joined  shortly  after  the  action 
ceased)  were  anxious  to  accomplish  before  official  intelligence 
of  the  peace  reached  them.1 

On  the  28th  of  April,  the  Hornet,  in  company  with  the 

1  There  is  much  force  in  the  remarks  of  Mr.  James  in  reference  to 
this  meeting.  "Had  the  vessel  in  sight  to  windward  been  rigged  with 
three  masts  instead  of  two,  and  had  she  on  a  near  approach  proved  to  be 
a  British  cruiser,  Captain  Biddle  would  have  marked  her  down  in  his 
log  as  a  '  frigate,'  and  have  made  off  with  all  the  canvass  he  could  spread. 
Had  the  ship,  nevertheless,  overtaken  the  Hornet,  and  been  in  reality  a 
trifle  superior  in  force  to  her,  Captain  Biddle,  we  have  no  doubt,  would 
have  exhausted  his  eloquence  in  lauding  the  blessings  of  peace,  before  he 
tried  the  effect  of  his  artillery  in  a  struggle  for  the  honours  of  war." 


1815.]  PEACOCK   AND   NAUTILUS.  499 

Peacock,  was  chased  by  the  74-guii  ship  Cornwallis,  bearino- 
the  flag  of  Rear- Admiral  Sir  George  Burlton,  when  the  two 
vessels  taking  different  courses,  the  Cornwallis  pursued  the 
Hornet.  While  in  chase,  one  of  the  Cornwallis's  crew  fell 
overboard,  and  while  heaving  to  to  pick  up  the  man,  the 
Hornet  got  such  a  start  that  the  Cornwallis  was  unable  to 
make  up  for  it.  The  Hornet  reached  the  United  States 
without  a  gun,  or  scarcely  a  musket  on  board,  everything 
heavy  and  moveable  having  been  thrown  overboard  during 
the  chase. 

On  the  30th  of  June  the  Peacock  arrived  off  Anjier,  in 
the  Straits  of  Sunda,  where  the  H.  E.  I.  Company's  14-<mn 
brig  Nautilus,  commanded  by  Lieutenant  Charles  Boyce,  of 
the  Bombay  marine,  was  lying  at  anchor.  Previously  to  the 
commencement  of  hostilities,  Mr.  Bartlett,  master,  Cornet 
White,  one  of  her  passengers,  and  Mr.  McGregor,  master 
attendant  at  Anjier,  repaired  alongside  the  Peacock  in  a 
friendly  way,  to  communicate  the  news  of  the  peace.  Mr. 
Bartlett,  on  arriving  on  the  deck  of  the  Peacock,  was  instantly 
sent  below,  without  being  suffered  to  ask  a  question.  Mr. 
McGregor,  who  was  rather  better  treated,  communicated  to 
the  first  lieutenant  the  most  authentic  information  of  the 
peace  between  England  and  America,  grounded  on  the 
authority  of  Mr.  Madison's  proclamation,  which  he  had 
received  from  an  American  ship  passing  the  straits  on  her 
way  to  China.  Mr.  McGregor  was  instantly  ordered  to  join 
Mr.  Bartlett  below ! 

The  Peacock  continued  her  course  for  the  brig,  and  having 
arrived  within  pistol-shot,  the  commander  of  the  Nautilus 
hailed  and  asked  if  the  captain  knew  that  peace  had  been 
declared.  The  only  answer  was,  "  Haul  down  your  colours 
instantly."  Lieutenant  Boyce  determining  to  resist  this 
demand,  an  action  ensued,  which  terminated  in  the  brig's 
surrender.  The  gallant  commander  was  most  dangerously 
wounded,  and  amputation  of  the  leg  at  the  hip-joint  ren- 
dered necessary ;  the  chief  officer,  Mr.  Mayston,  was  mor- 
tally wounded,  and  six  men  (three  of  them  lascars)  were 
killed,  and  seven,  including  five  lascars,  wounded.  Lieute- 
nant Boyce,  after  a  long  illness,  was  restored  to  comparative 
health,  but  lived  the  marked  victim  of  savage  barbarity, 
unworthy  of  a  Red  Indian. 

2k2 


500  PILOT   AND   LEGERE.  [1815. 

On  the  18th  of  February,  a  treaty  of  peace  between  Great 
Britain  and  the  United  States,  signed  on  the  24th  of  Decem- 
ber, 1814,  at  Ghent,  was  ratified  at  Washington  by  the 
American  president. 

On  the  24th  of  February,  Bonaparte,  whose  abdication  of 
the  crown  of  France  and  retirement  to  the  island  of  Elba  has 
been  stated,  embarked  on  board  an  armed  brig,  in  which  he 
returned  to  France  on  the  1st  of  March.  The  "  hundred 
days,"  however,  passed  away;  and,  after  his  defeat  at 
"Waterloo,  Bonaparte,  being  unable  to  evade  the  British 
cruisers,  surrendered  himself,  in  Basque  Roads,  to  Captain 
Frederick  Lewis  Maitland,  on  board  the  74-gun  ship  Belle- 
rophon,  on  the  15th  of  July.  In  this  ship  he  was  conveyed 
to  Plymouth,  where  he  arrived  on  the  26th  of  the  same 
month.  The  few  actions  fought  in  this  short  interval  now 
remain  to  be  recorded. 

On  the  30th  of  April,  the  74-gun  ship  Rivoli,  Captain 
Edward  Stirling  Dickson,  captured  off  the  island  of  Ischia, 
after  a  running  fight  and  gallant  defence  of  fifteen  minutes, 
the  French  40-gun  frigate  Melpomene,  Captain  Collet.  The 
frigate  had  six  men  killed  and  twenty-eight  wounded ;  and 
the  Rivoli,  one  man  mortally  and  six  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  17th  of  June,  the  18-gun  brig  Pilot,  Commander 
John  Toup  Nicolas,  being  about  fifty  miles  from  Cape  Corse, 
chased  and  brought  to  action  the  French  28-gun  ship  Legere, 
Captain  N.  Touffet.  The  action  was  conducted  in  a  manner 
highly  creditable  to  Captain  Nicolas  ;  but  after  it  had  lasted 
nearly  two  hours,  the  French  ship,  taking  advantage  of  the 
disabled  state  of  the  Pilot's  rigging  and  sails,  and  the  loss  of 
her  main-topmast,  hauled  to  the  wind  on  the  larboard  tack 
and  got  away.  On  board  the  Pilot,  two  men  were  killed, 
and  Lieutenant  Keigwin  Nicolas,  Thomas  Rowe,  purser,  and 
ten  men  wounded.  The  Legere's  damages  were  chiefly  con- 
fined to  the  hull,  and  her  loss  is  reported  to  have  been 
twenty-two  men  killed  and  seventy-nine  wounded. 

On  the  18th  of  July,  Captain  Charles  Malcolm,  in  the 
38-gun  frigate  Rliin,  having  under  his  orders  the  frigates 
Menelaus  and  Havannah,  Captains  Edward  Dix  and  William 
Hamilton;  1 8-gun  brigs  Fly  and  Ferret,  Commanders  Augustus 
Baldwin  and  James  Stirling;  and  schooner  Sealark,  Lieutenant 
Robert  Helpman,  attacked  a  French  convoy  in  the  harbour  of 


1815.]  SURRENDER  OF  NAPOLEON.  501 

Corigeou,  Bretagne.  The  merchant  vessels  were  protected 
by  a  battery  eligibly  situated  at  the  point  of  the  harbour  by 
a  large  body  of  troops,  and  by  a  man-of-war  brig  and  two 
other  armed  vessels.  The  Ferret  and  Fly  entered  the  har- 
bour while  the  seamen  and  marines  of  the  squadron,  com- 
manded by  Captains  Malcolm  and  Hamilton,  and  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Benjamin  Bunce,  effected  a  landing,  and  after  a 
sharp  conflict  the  whole  convoy  was  in  possession  of  the 
British.  The  enemy  had  four  men  killed,  and  several,  in- 
cluding officers,  wounded,  and  the  British  party  had  one 
mortally  and  three  slightly  wounded. 

On  the  7th  of  August,  the  ex-emperor  was  transferred 
fronr the  Bellerophon  to  the  Northumberland,  Captain  Charles 
B.  H  Boss,  bearing  the  flag  of  Rear-Admiral  Sir  George 
Cockburn,  K.C.B.  On  the  8th,  the  Northumberland  sailed 
tor  fet  Helena,  on  which  island  the  "general"  and  his  few 
attendants  were  landed  on  the  16th  of  October.  Europe 
being  thus  freed  from  the  man  who  for  so  many  years  had 
involved  it  in  war,  now  seriously  set  about  effecting  a  per- 
manent peace,  and  on  the  20th  of  November  a  treaty  was 
solemnly  concluded  at  Paris  between  the  different  belligerent 
nations.  ° 


502 


ABSTRACTS   OF   LOSSES   SUSTAINED. 


[1815. 


ABSTKACT  of  the  Losses  of  Line-of- Battle  Ships  and  Frigates  sustained 
by  the  French,  Dutch,  Spanish,  Danish,  Russian,  Turkish,  and 
American  Navies  in  the  War  commencing  in  May,  1803,  and  ending 
in  July,  1815. 


Nation. 

Ships  of 
Line. 

V.     U 

Frigates. 

co  'u 

i 

1 

Added  ! 
to  the 
British  | 
Navy.  | 

i 

Capt. 

Dest. 

Capt. 

Dest. 

French     ... 

Dutch - 

Spanish   

26 

10 

18 

1 

9 
3 
1 

i 

1 
1 

55 
5 
6 
9 

i 

3 

15 

1 
1 

1 

4 

1 

5 

111 
11 

18 

28 

1 

6 

4 

59 

4 

11 

24 

3 

Russian   .-.  .. . .  ... 

Turkish 

American    ... .-. ...  ...  ...  ... 

Grand  Total 

55 

14 

2 

79 

23 

6 

179 

101 

During  the  same  period  the  losses  of  the  British  navy  were 
as  follow  : — 


Description. 

o 

i 

T3 

1 

CO 

o 

Q 

Lost  by  Accident. 

Total. 

Wrckd. 

Fndrd. 

Burnt. 

Ships  of  the  line     .  .  ...  ... 

Frigates,    sloops,    and ) 
smaller  vessels    ......  ) 

Grand  Total     

83 

7 

8 
161 

3 

2 
3 

13 
304 

83 

7 

169 

53 

5 

3171 

1  With  reference  to  this  total,  it  will  be  remarked  that  it  is  chiefly 
made  up  of  small  vessels,  such  as  are  not  included  in  the  recapitulation 
of  the  losses  sustained  by  the  other  nations  ;  but  it  will  further  be  ob- 
served, that  throughout  so  long  and  severe  a  war,  the  total  number 
actually  taken  or  destroyed  by  the  enemy  is  ninety  only,  and  does  not 
Include  one  line-of-battle  ship. 


1815.] 


GENERAL   ABSTRACT. 


503 


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BOMBARDMENT    OF   ALGIERS. 


[181(>. 


1816. 


BOMBAEDMENT  OF  ALGIERS. 
The  atrocities  committed  by  the  Algerines,  and  the  bar- 
barous massacre  of  the  crews  of  more  than  three  hundred 
small  vessels,  on  the  23rd  of  May,  1816,  at  Bona,  induced 
the  British  government  to  prepare  an  expedition  to  act 
against  the  forts  and  shipping  of  Algiers.  Accordingly,  on 
the  28th  of  July,  a  fleet,  consisting  of  the  following  ships, 
sailed  from  Plymouth  Sound  : — 


Guns. 
100 


Ships. 
Queen  Charlotte 


j  Adm.  Lord  Exmouth,  G.C.B.  (blue) 
(  Captain  James  Brisbane,  C.B. 
(  Rear- Adm.  David  Milne  (blue) 
|  Captain  Edward  Brace,  C.B 
Charles  Ekins 
William  Paterson 
John  Coode 
Edward  Chetham,  C.B. 
Hon.  Frederick  W.  Aylmer 
Hon.  Anthony  Maitland 
William  Furlong  Wise 
Edmund  Palmer,  C.B. 
Cordelia,  and  Jasper  :  Commanders 
George  Bentham,  James  Mould,  Robert  Riddel,  William  Sargeant, 
and  Thomas  Carew.     Bombs — Beelzebub,  Fury,  Hecla,  and  Infernal  : 
Commanders  William  Kempthorne,  Constantine  R.  Moorsom,  William 
Popham,  and  Hon.  George  J.  Perceval.     Hoy — Falmouth. 

On  the  9th  of  August,  at  2h.  p.m.,  the  fleet  anchored  in 
Gibraltar  Bay,  where  Lord  Exmouth  found  the  74-gun  ship 
Minden,  which  had  been  ordered  on  ahead  when  off  Falmouth ; 
likewise  the  following  Dutch  ships,  under  Vice- Admiral  Baron 
Yan  cle  Cappellen  : — 


98     Impregnable 

!  Superb 
Minden     . . 
Albion 

50     Leander    

40  j  Severn 

}  Glasgow 

Qfl  {  Granicus 

dbJHebrus 

Brigs — Heron,  Mutine,  Britoma 


Guns.  Ships. 

(  Melampus 
40  <  Frederica 
/  Diana 


Guns.  Ships. 

40     Amstil 
30     Dageraad 
18     Eendraet 


The  baron  at  once  volunteered  the  co-operation  of  his 


1816.]  BOMBARDMENT    OF    ALGIERS.  505 

squadron,  and  the  offer  being  readily  embraced,  Lord  Ex- 
mouth  made  every  preparation  for  attacking  the  Algerine 
batteries.  On  the  13th  of  August,  the  18-gun  brig  Satellite, 
Commander  James  Murray,  arrived  from  Algiers,  and  on  the 
same  day  the  captain  of  each  ship  received  a  plan  of  the 
fortifications,  with  instructions  for  their  guidance.  On  the 
14th,  early  in  the  forenoon,  the  wind  having  shifted  to  the 
southward,  the  whole  fleet  (except  the  Jasper,  which  was 
sent  to  England  with  despatches),  amounting  to  twenty-three 
sail,  with  five  gun-boats,  and  a  sloop,  fitted  as  an  explosion- 
vessel,  under  the  direction  of  Lieutenant  Eichard  H.  Fleming, 
weighed  and  proceeded  on  their  destination. 

On  the  1 6th  the  wind  blew  from  the  eastward ;  in  the 
evening  the  18-gun  corvette  Prometheus,  Commander  William 
B.  Dash  wood,  joined  from  Algiers,  having  on  board  the  wife 
and  children  of  Mr.  McDonell,  the  British  consul ;  but  the 
Dey  had  detained  the  consul,  and  also  the  surgeon,  three 
midshipmen,  and  eighteen  men  belonging  to  the  Prometheus. 

The  fortifications  of  Algiers  were  deemed  almost  impreg- 
nable. Upon  the  various  batteries  on  the  north  side  eighty 
pieces  of  cannon  and  eight  heavy  mortars  were  mounted  ; 
but  the  water  was  so  shoal  that  a  large  ship  could  not 
approach  within  their  reach.  Between  the  north  wall  of  the 
city  and  the  commencement  of  the  pier  (which  is  about  250 
yards  in  length,  and  connects  the  town  with  the  lighthouse), 
were  about  twenty  guns  ;  and.  a  semicircular  battery,  mount- 
ing two  tiers  of  guns,  about  forty-four  in  all,  stood  on  the 
northern  projection  of  the  mole.  To  the  southward  of  that, 
and  nearly  in  line  with  the  pier,  was  the  lighthouse  battery 
of  three  tiers,  mounting  forty-eight  guns,  next  to  winch  was 
the  "  eastern  battery,"  mounting  sixty-six  guns,  in  three  tiers, 
flanked  by  four  other  batteries  of  two  tiers,  mounting  alto- 
gether sixty  guns,  and  on  the  mole-head  were  two  long 
68-pounders,  described  as  being  twenty  feet  in  length.  The 
total  number  of  guns  on  the  mole  was  at  least  220,  composed 
of  32,  24,  and  18-pounders.  The  fish-market  battery,  about 
300  yards  west  from  the  south  mole-head,  mounted  fifteen 
guns  in  three  tiers.  Between  that  and  the  southern  ex- 
tremity of  the  city  were  two  batteries  of  five  guns  each. 
Beyond  the  city  in  this  direction  was  a  castle  and  three 
other  batteries,  mounting  together  about  seventy  guns.     In 


506  BOMBARDMENT   OF   ALGIERS.  [1816. 

the  rear  of  the  city,  and  on  the  heights,  were  several  other 
batteries  ;  so  that  the  total  number  of  guns  mounted  for 
the  defence  of  this  fastness  of  robbery,  oppression,  and  cruelty, 
exceeded  1,000. 

On  the  27th,  at  daybreak,  the  city  was  seen,  the  ships 
lying  nearly  becalmed.  Lieutenant  Samuel  Burgess  was 
then  despatched  to  the  Dey,  to  demand  compliance  with  the 
following  conditions  :  —The  abolition  of  Christian  slavery ; 
the  release  of  all  Christian  slaves ;  the  repayment  of  the 
money  recently  exacted  for  the  redemption  of  Neapolitan 
and  Sardinian  slaves ;  peace  with  the  king  of  the  Nether- 
lands ;  and  the  immediate  liberation  of  the  consul,  with  the 
officers  and  boats'  crews  of  the  Prometheus.  At  9h.  Lieu- 
tenant Burgess,  with  a  flag  of  truce  flying,  quitted  the  Severn 
frigate,  which  had  towed  the  boat  in-shore,  and  at  llh.  A.M., 
when  near  the  mole,  was  met  by  a  boat,  in  which  was  the 
captain  of  the  port,  by  whom  an  answer  was  promised  to  the 
demand  in  two  hours.  In  the  meanwhile,  the  sea  breeze 
having  sprung  up,  the  fleet  stood  into  the  bay,  and  hove  to 
about  a  mile  from  the  city.  At  2h.  p.m.,  no  answer  having 
been  received,  Lieutenant  Burgess  made  a  signal  to  that 
effect,  and  pulled  off  towards  the  Severn.  Lord  Exmouth 
immediately  demanded,  by  signal,  if  all  the  ships  were  ready, 
and  being  answered  in  the  affirmative,  the  fleet  bore  up  for 
the  attack  in  the  prescribed  order. 

At  2h.  35m.  the  Queen  Charlotte  anchored  with  springs 
about  fifty  yards  from  the  mole-head  ;  and  while  in  the  act 
of  making  a  warp  fast  to  an  Algerine  brig  on  shore  at  the 
mouth  of  the  harbour,  a  shot  was  fired  at  the  ship ;  and  at 
the  same  moment  two  shot  from  the  opposite  end  of  the 
mole  were  fired  at  the  Impregnable  and  other  ships  as  they 
were  advancing  to  take  their  stations.  Lord  Exmouth,  un- 
willing to  sacrifice  the  mass  of  persons  standing  on  the 
parapet  of  the  mole  gazing  with  astonishment  upon  the 
Queen  Charlotte,  waved  his  hand  to  them  to  descend,  and 
immediately  afterwards  gave  orders  to  commence  firing,  and 
the  action  became  general  as  the  ships  brought  their  guns  to 
bear.  On  the  Queen  Charlotte's  larboard  bow  lay  the  Lean- 
der,  gallantly  occupying  the  place  of  a  line-of-battle  ship, 
with  her  starboard  after-guns  bearing  upon  the  mole,  and 
her  foremost  ones  upon  the  fish-market  battery.     Ahead  of 


1816.]  BOMBARDMENT   OF   ALGIERS.  507 

the  Leander  was  the  Severn,  her  starboard  broadside  bearing 
full  upon  the  fish-market  battery.  Close  to  the  Severn  was 
the  Glasgow,  whose  larboard  guns  bore  on  the  town  batteries. 
On  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  Queen  Charlotte  was  the 
Superb,  her  starboard  broadside  bearing  on  the  60-gun 
battery  next  to  the  one  on  the  mole-head. 

It  was  intended  that  the  Impregnable  and  Albion  should 
take  their  places  close  astern  of  the  Superb  ;  but  the  former, 
not  being  sufficiently  advanced  when  the  firing  commenced, 
brought  up  considerably  outside  her  appointed  station,  and 
beyond  the  line  of  bearing  within  which  the  attacking  force 
had  been  ordered  to  assemble.  The  Impregnable  in  con- 
sequence lay  exposed,  at  the  distance  of  500  yards,  as  well 
to  the  lighthouse  battery  of  three  tiers,  as  to  the  eastern 
battery  of  two  tiers.  The  Minden  pushed  on  and  dropped 
anchor  in  the  space  between  the  Impregnable  and  Superb, 
upon  the  larboard  quarter  of  the  latter.  The  Albion  brought 
up  near  the  Impregnable,  but  weighed  again,  and  at  3h. 
anchored  within  her  own  length  astern  of  the  Minden.  The 
end  of  the  stream-cable  was  then  passed  out  of  the  gun-room 
port  of  the  latter,  by  means  of  which  the  Albion  was  hove 
close  to  the  stern  of  the  Minden.  Thus  the  line-of-battle 
ships  took  their  stations  in  a  northerly  direction  from  the 
mole-head  ;  and  the  frigates  from  the  fish-market  battery  in 
a  curved  line  to  the  south-west.  The  Dutch  admiral  in- 
tended to  have  placed  his  frigate  in  the  centre  of  his  squadron 
and  against  the  batteries  to  the  southward  of  the  city ;  but 
not  being  able  to  occupy  this  post,  in  consequence  of  the 
Diana's  being  too  far  to  the  southward,  he  gallantly  ran  past 
that  frigate,  and  anchored  the  Melampus  with  her  jib-boom 
over  the  Glasgow's  tafirail.  The  Diana  and  Dageraad  anchored 
astern  of  the  Melampus,  the  two  other  frigates  further  out, 
but  the  corvette  remained  underweigh.  The  Hebrus  being 
becalmed,  anchored  a  little  without  the  line  on  the  larboard 
quarter  of  the  Queen  Charlotte.  The  Granicus  hove  to,  in 
order  to  allow  the  large  ships  to  take  their  places  ;  after 
which  she  steered  for  the  admiral's  flag,  which  was  seen 
above  the  clouds  of  smoke,  and  anchored  in  a  space  scarcely 
exceeding  her  own  length  between  the  Superb  and  Queen 
Charlotte.  The  skill  with  which  the  Granicus  was  conducted 
to  this  station  elicited  the  warmest  admiration  of  all  who 


508  BOMBARDMENT    OF    ALGIERS.  [1816. 

witnessed  it.  The  brigs  took  station  as  most  convenient,  or 
continued  underweigh.  The  bomb-vessels,  except  the  Infer- 
nal, anchored  about  2,000  yards  from  the  enemy's  works,  but 
Captain  Perceval,  desirous  to  occupy  a  more  effective  position, 
took  up  an  inside  berth.  The  flotilla  of  gun-boats,  mortar- 
boats,  &c,  under  Lieutenant  Frederick  T.  Michell,  placed 
themselves  where  they  could  most  annoy  the  enemy. 

The  fire  of  the  Queen  Charlotte  was  so  well  directed,  that 
the  third  broadside  rased  the  end  of  the  mole  to  its  founda- 
tion :  she  then  sprang  her  broadside  towards  the  batteries 
over  the  town-gate  leading  into  the  mole,  and  their  demolition 
was  as  speedily  effected. 

The  Leander  opened  fire  upon  the  Algerine  gun-boats  and 
row-galleys,  and  in  a  short  time  committed  great  havoc 
amongst  them.  At  about  4h.  this  ship  ceased  firing,  while 
the  barge  of  the  Queen  Charlotte  proceeded  to  set  fire  to  the 
Algerine  frigate  lying  across  the  mole.  This  service  was 
gallantly  executed  by  Lieutenant  Peter  Richards,  of  the 
Queen  Charlotte,  having  with  him  Major  Gossett,  of  the 
engineers,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Ambrose  A.  R,  Wolrige, 
and  Henry  B.  M'Clintock,  midshipman.  In  less  than  a  quarter 
of  an  hour  the  frigate  was  in  flames,  and  the  barge  had 
returned  to  the  ship  with  the  loss  of  two  men  killed.  The 
blaze  was  so  fierce,  that  Lord  Exmouth  testified  his  appro- 
bation by  signalling  to  the  fleet  "  Infallible."  Aaron  S.  Symes, 
midshipman,  in  command  of  a  rocket-boat,  signalized  him- 
self greatly  on  this  occasion.  Although  without  orders,  this 
gallant  young  officer  followed  the  barge  ;  but,  in  consequence 
of  the  slow  pace  of  the  rocket-boat,  the  party  became 
exposed  to  a  heavy  fire  from  the  batteries,  by  which  himself 
and  nine  of  his  boat's  crew  were  wounded,  and  his  brother- 
officer  killed. 

At  4h.  30m.  Rear- Admiral  Milne  sent  a  message  to  Lord 
Exmouth,  stating  that  the  Impregnable  had  sustained  a 
loss  of  150  in  killed  and  wounded,  and  requesting  that  a 
frigate  might  be  sent  to  divert  some  of  the  fire  from  that 
ship.  The  Glasgow  endeavoured  to  perform  this  service  ; 
but  it  being  perfectly  calm,  the  frigate  was  unable  after 
nearly  an  hour's  exertion  to  reach  the  intended  position,  and 
anchored  a  short  distance  ahead  of  the  Severn,  with  her  stern 
towards  that  ship,  and  thus  became  exposed  to  a  severe  fire 


1816.]  BOMBARDMENT    OF   ALGIERS.  509 

from  the  fish-market  and  contiguous  batteries.  At  7h.  the 
Leander,  having  also  suffered  severely  from  these  batteries, 
ran  out  a  hawser  to  the  Severn,  and  sprang  her  broadside 
round  upon  them. 

The  mortar  and  rocket-boats  had  by  this  time  set  all  the 
vessels  within  the  harbour  on  fire,  and  the  flames  soon 
reached  the  arsenal  and  storehouses  on  the  mole.  The  city 
was  also  on  fire  in  several  parts,  from  the  shells  thrown  by 
the  bomb-vessels.  The  ordnance  sloop,  fitted  for  an  explosion- 
vessel,  under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Richard  H.  Fle- 
ming, accompanied  by  Major  Reed,  of  the  engineers,  and 
Commander  Herbert  B.  Powell,  a  volunteer,  was  now  run  on 
shore  close  under  the  semicircular  battery  to  the  northward 
of  the  lighthouse  ;  and  at  about  9h.  this  vessel,  charged  with 
143  barrels  of  powder,  exploded. 

The  fleet  continued  a  tremendous  cannonade  until  lOh.  p.m., 
when  the  upper  tiers  of  the  batteries  on  the  mole  being 
nearly  destroyed,  and  the  lower  tiers  almost  silenced,  the 
Queen  Charlotte  cut  her  cables  and  stood  out  with  a  light  air  of 
wind  from  the  land,  directing  the  other  ships  to  follow.  The 
breeze  was  so  light,  that  the  Superb  and  Impregnable  in 
standing  off  shore  suffered  much  from  the  raking  fire  of  a 
fort  at  the  upper  angle  of  the  city.  The  Leander's  cable 
having  been  slipped,  that  frigate,  owing  to  the  severe  damages 
she  had  sustained  aloft,  was  fast  drifting  towards  the  mole, 
and  close  to  the  enemy's  ships  on  fire.  In  this  emergency 
Captain  Chetham  directed  Lieutenant  George  Mitford  Monk 
to  take  charge  of  the  boats,  and  make  fast  a  hawser  to  the 
Severn,  winch  ship,  having  her  sails  and  spars  in  good  con- 
dition, was  drawing  off  the  shore.  The  Leander's  situation 
was  extremely  critical,  for  had  she  taken  the  ground,  her 
destruction  with  a  great  part  of  her  crew  would  have  been 
certain.  Two  or  three  times  the  hawser  parted,  and  was  as 
often  made  fast  afresh  by  Lieutenant  Monk,  the  boats  in  the 
meanwhile  being  exjoosed  to.  a  continual  fire  of  musketry 
from  the  mole-head.  At  length  the  Severn  got  a  breeze,  and 
drew  the  Leander  from  her  perilous  situation.  Before  2h.  A.M. 
on  the  28th,  the  whole  fleet  was  beyond  the  reach  of  the 
enemy's  shot,  while  the  ships  were  greatly  assisted  in  taking 
up  their  anchorage  by  the  blaze  of  the  Algerine  fleet,  which 
illumined  the  whole  bay.      As  if  to  add  to  the  grandeur 


510  KILLED   AND   WOUNDED.  [1816. 

of  the  scene,  the  thunder  and  lightning  continued  to  play 
for  nearly  three  hours,  and  the  rain  to  pour  in  torrents. 
The  loss  sustained  during  this  heavy  day's  work  was  as 
follows  : — 

Queen  Charlotte  :  eight  men  killed ;  Lieutenants  George 
M.  King,  John  S.  Jago  (acting),  and  Frederick  J.  Johnson 
(the  latter  mortally),  Joshua  Grimes,  admiral's  secretary, 
Captain  (RM.  artillery)  Charles  F.  Burton,  Lieutenant  of 
marines  Patrick  Robertson,  Boatswain  William  Maxwell, 
George  Markham,  Henry  Campbell,  Edward  Hibbert,  Ed- 
ward Stanley,  Robert  H.  Baker,  midshipmen,  and  Samuel 
Colston  (clerk),  eighty-two  seamen,  and  thirty-five  marines 
and  sappers  wounded.  Total :  eight  killed  and  131  wounded. 
Impregnable :  John  Hawkins,  midshipman,  thirty-seven 
seamen,  ten  marines,  and  two  boys  killed ;  Master's  mate 
G.  N.  Wesley,  Henry  Quinn,  midshipman,  128  seamen,  and 
thirty  marines  and  sappers  wounded.  Total :  fifty  killed 
and  160  wounded.  Superb :  Thomas  Howard,  master's 
mate,  Robert  C.  Bowen,  midshipman,  three  seamen,  and 
three  marines  killed ;  Captain  Ekins  (slightly),  Lieutenants 
Philip  T.  Horn,  John  McDougall,  and  George  W.  Gun- 
ning, William  Sweeting  and  John  H.  Wolsely,  midshipmen, 
sixty-two  seamen,  and  sixteen  marines  wounded.  Total : 
eight  killed  and  eighty -four  wounded.  Minden  :  five  sea- 
men and  two  marines  killed ;  Charles  C.  Dent  and  Charles 
G.  Grubb,  midshipmen,  twenty-six  seamen,  and  nine  marines 
wounded.  Total :  seven  killed  and  thirty-seven  wounded.  Al- 
bion :  Assistant  Surgeon  Thomas  Mends,  John  Jardine,  mid- 
shipman, and  one  seaman  killed ;  Captain  Coode  (severely), 
John  Harvey,  midshipman  (mortally),  ten  seamen,  and  three 
marines  wounded.  Total :  three  killed  and  fifteen  wounded. 
Leander :  Captain  of  marines  James  Wilson,  Lieutenant  of 
marines  George  Baxter, — Lowdon,  Richard  Calthrop,  and 
P.  G.  Hanwell,  midshipmen,  eleven  seamen,  and  one  marine 
killed;  and  Lieutenants  Henry  Walker  (b)  and  John 
S.  Dixon,  Edward  Aitchison,  William  Cole,  Dawson  Mayne, 
Henry  Sturt,  George  Dixon  (midshipmen),  and  William 
W.  Pickett  (clerk),  eighty-five  seamen,  and  twenty-five  ma- 
rines wounded.  Total :  seventeen  killed  and  118  wounded. 
Severn :  two  seamen  and  one  marine  killed ;  and  James 
Forster    (loss    of    arm),    Charles    Caley,    William    Ferror, 


1816.]  KILLED   AND   WOUNDED.  511 

D.  McNeale  Beatty,  and  William  A.  Carter,  midshipmen, 
twenty-six  seamen,  and  three  marines  wounded.  Total  : 
three  killed  and  thirty-four  wounded.  Glasgow  :  nine  sea- 
men and  one  marine  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Edmond  W.  Gil- 
bert, Robert  Fulton,  master,  Lieutenant  of  marines  Athel- 
stane  Stephens,  John  Duffell,  George  W.  Harvey,  Wynne 

Baird,  George  H.  Heathcote,  and  Keay,  midshipmen, 

twenty-six  seamen,  and  three  marines  wounded.  Total : 
ten  killed  and  thirty-seven  wounded.  Granicus :  Lieu- 
tenants of  marines  William  M.  Morgan  and  William  Ren- 
frey,  Robert  Pratt,  midshipman,  eleven  seamen,  and  two 
marines  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Henry  A.  Perkins,  Lewis 
B.  Mitchell,  Lewis  T*.  Jones,  George  R.  Glennie,  and  Dacres 
P.  Wise,  midshipmen,  thirty-two  seamen,  and  five  marines 
wounded.  Total :  sixteen  killed  and  forty-two  wounded. 
Hebrus :  George  H.  A.  Pococke,  midshipman,  and  three 
seamen  killed;  and  Aaron  S.  Symes,  midshipman,  eleven 
seamen,  and  three  marines  wounded.  Total :  four  killed 
and  seventeen  wounded.  Infernal :  Lieutenant  (R.M.  ar- 
tillery) James  P.  Bissett  and  one  seaman  killed  ;  and  Lieu- 
tenant John  Foreman,  Boatswain  George  Valentine,  James 
Barber,  James  M.  Cross,  John  H.  Andrews  (midshipmen), 
and  Matthew  Hopkinson  (clerk),  ten  seamen,  and  one  ma- 
rine wounded.     Total :  two  killed  and  seventeen  wounded. 


SUMMAKY. 
Killed.  Wounded. 


Total  Killed 
and  Wounded, 

British    ,.._ 128   690   818 

Dutch... 13  52 65 

Grand  Total  ..   141 742   883 

No  ship  lost  a  spar ;  but  the  Impregnable,  Leander,  Su- 
perb, Granicus,  and  Glasgow  had  their  masts  and  yards  much 
damaged. 

At  daylight  in  the  morning  the  bombs  were  ordered  to 
return  to  their  stations,  and  to  be  in  readiness  to  renew  the 
bombardment  of  the  city,  and  Lieutenant  Burgess  was  de- 
spatched, bearing  a  flag  of  truce,  to  repeat  the  demands 
made  on  the  preceding  day.  The  Algerine  officer,  who 
came  out  to  meet  the  flag  of  truce,  declared  that  an  answer 


512  RELEASE   OF   CHRISTIAN   SLAVES.  [1816. 

had  been  sent  the  day  before,  but  that  no  boat  was  found 
to  receive  it. 

On  the  29th,  at  lOh.  a.m.,  the  captain  of  the  port  came 
off,  accompanied  by  the  British  consul.  In  the  afternoon  of 
the  same  day,  Captain  Brisbane  had  a  conference  with  the 
Dey  at  his  palace,  after  which  several  other  conferences  took 
place,  and  the  result  was,  the  delivery  to  the  British  of 
upwards  of  1,200  Christian  slaves,  the  restoration  of  382,500 
dollars  for  slaves  redeemed  by  Naples  and  Sicily,  peace  with 
the  Netherlands,  and  30,000  dollars  to  the  British  consul,  in 
compensation  for  the  loss  of  his  property,  and  a  public 
apology  for  his  detention.  Having  thus  in  the  most  com- 
plete manner  accomplished  the  object  of  the  expedition,  the 
ships,  on  the  3rd  of  September,  weighed  on  their  return  to 
England,  leaving  the  Prometheus  only  to  attend  the  British 
consul. 

For  the  skill  and  valour  displayed  on  this  occasion  Lord 
Exmouth  was  created  a  viscount  of  the  United  Kingdom, 
Rear- Admiral  Milne  was  made  a  Knight  Commander  of  the 
Rath,  and  Captains  Ekins,  Aylmer,  Wise,  Maitland,  Pater- 
son,  and  Coode,  companions  of  the  order.  Commanders 
George  Bentham,  James  Mould,  and  William  Kempthorne 
were  posted ;  and  the  following  lieutenants  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  commander  :  Frederick  Thomas  Michell,  Peter 
Richards,  John  Davies,  (a)  Richard  Fleming,  and  Samuel 
Burgess  (flag),  of  the  Queen  Charlotte ;  James  Boyle  Ba- 
bington,  James  Symons  (flag)  (b),  and  Thomas  Re  vans,  of 
the  Impregnable ;  P.  Thicknesse  Horn,  of  the  Superb ; 
Joseph  Benj.  Howell,  of  the  Minden ;  Robert  Hay,  of  the 
Albion;  Thomas  Sanders,  of  the  Leander;  James  Davies,  of 
the  Severn;  George  McPherson,  of  the  Glasgow;  John  Parson, 
of  the  Granicus ;  and  Edward  H.  Delafosse,  of  the  Hebrus. 

Thirty-two  mates  and  midshipmen  were  also  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  lieutenant.  Never  was  there  a  more  gallant 
achievement,  or  for  a  more  praiseworthy  object.  The  diffi- 
culties were  great ;  but  the  conduct  of  the  expedition  had 
been  committed  to  Lord  Exmouth,  avowedly  one  of  the 
most  energetic  officers  that  ever  graced  the  quarter-deck  of 
a  British  ship,  and  nothing  that  skill  or  bravery  could 
execute  remained  unperformed.  The  batteries  by  many 
were  held  to  be  impregnable,  and  such  indeed  they  appeared. 


1816.]  SUCCESSFUL   TERMINATION.  513 

The  grand  point,  however,  was  gained  when  the  Queen 
Charlotte  took  up  the  place  chosen  for  her  by  the  admiral, 
and  from  the  moment  of  opening  her  terrific  broadside  the 
result  was  easily  foreseen.  We  cannot  conclude  our  account 
of  this  glorious  exploit  without  adding  that  the  conduct  of 
the  Dutch  admiral  and  his  squadron  was  gallant  beyond  all 
praise. 


VOL.  II.  2  L 


514  BATTLE   OF   NAVARIX.  [1827. 


1827. 


BATTLE  OF  NAVABJN. 


In  the  summer  of  1827,  a  squadron  under  Vice-Admiral 
Sir  Edward  Codrington,  acting  in  concert  with  a  division 
of  French  ships  under  Rear-Admiral  De  Rigny,  and 
a  Russian  squadron  under  Rear-Admiral  Count  Heiden, 
assembled  in  the  Mediterranean.  The  object  in  view  was 
the  enforcement  of  a  protocol  signed  at  St.  Petersburg,  on 
the  4th  of  April,  1826,  for  the  protection  of  the  inhabitants 
of  the  Morea  from  the  cruelties  practised  upon  them  by  the 
Turks,  under  Ibrahim  Pacha.  On  the  3rd  of  September,  an 
Egyptian  fleet,  with  troops,  entered  the  harbour  of  Navarin, 
where  they  were  closely  watched  by  the  combined  squadrons. 
On  the  19th,  finding  that  the  British  squadron  alone  re- 
mained off  the  port,  Ibrahim  Pacha,  desirous  of  sending 
relief  to  Patras,  ordered  out  a  division  of  his  fleet ;  but, 
finding  their  movements  watched,  the  ships  returned  to 
Navarin. 

Rear- Admiral  De  Rigny  having  rejoined  the  blockading 
squadron,  a  conference  took  place  on  the  25th  at  the  tent 
of  Ibrahim,  who  then  agreed  to  suspend  hostilities  against 
the  Greeks  until  an  answer  could  be  obtained  from  Con- 
stantinople, and  that  in  the  meanwhile  the  fleet  should  not 
quit  the  harbour.  Upon  the  faith  of  this  assurance,  nearly 
all  the  ships  were  withdrawn  from  before  Navarin.  Part  of 
the  squadron  was  sent  to  Malta  to  refit,  the  British  admiral 
repaired  to  Zante,  and  the  French  to  Milo  for  provisions. 
The  Dartmouth  and  Armide  alone  remained  off  the  port. 

Scarcely  had  the  Asia  anchored  at  Zante,  when  the  Dart- 
mouth hove  in  sight  with  the  signal  flying  that  the  Turks 
had  put  to  sea ;  and  the  Armide  having  proceeded  towards 
Milo,  overtook  the  French  admiral  before  reaching  that 
place.  Sir  Edward  Codrington,  having  with  him  a  frigate 
and  two  corvettes  only,  intercepted  the  Turkish  squadron, 
consisting  of  seven  frigates,  nine  corvettes,  two  brigs,  and 


~z5^Z 


1827.]  BATTLE    OF   NAVARIX.  515 

nineteen  transports  ;  which  on  his  firm  remonstrance  all  put 
back.  A  second  division  of  six  Egyptian  frigates  and  eight 
brigs  had  likewise  put  to  sea,  but  they  also  returned,  and 
the  whole  re-entered  Navarin  on  the  4th  of  October.  By 
the  loth,  the  different  squadrons  were  again  assembled 
before  Navarin ;  and  Ibrahim,  thus  blocked  up,  continued 
his  tyrannical  proceedings  inland.  Various  attempts  were 
made  to  communicate  with  Ibrahim,  but  without  success, 
and  a  final  conference  was  called  on  the  18th  of  October  on 
board  the  Asia,  at  which  it  was  decided  upon  to  enter  the 
harbour  of  Navarin,  and  from  thence  renew  the  negotiations. 
On  the  evening  of  the  19th,  Yice-Admiral  Codrington 
issued  full  instructions  to  the  whole  force,  British  and 
foreign,  pointing  out  the  position  for  anchoring  each  division, 
but  concluding  with  the  well-known  advice  of  Lord  Nelson  : 
"  If  a  general  action  should  take  place,  no  captain  can  be 
better  placed  than  when  his  vessel  is  alongside  one  of  the 
enemy." 

The  harbour  of  Navarin  is  about  six  miles  in  circum- 
ference ;  the  mainland  bends  round  three  sides  of  it  almost 
in  the  form  of  a  horse-shoe,  and  the  island  of  Sphacteria, 
two  miles  in  length  and  a  quarter  of  a  mile  in  breadth, 
stretches  across  from  one  headland  to  the  other.  The  only 
available  passage  into  Navarin  is  about  600  yards  in  width, 
and  at  the  southern  end  of  the  island.  On  entering  this 
passage  there  appears  on  the  right  hand  a  bold  promontory, 
on  which  stand  a  fortress  and  the  small  walled  town  of 
Navarin,  near  to  which  Ibrahim's  army  was  encamped.  On 
the  southern  extremity  of  the  island,  almost  opposite  to  the 
fortress  on  the  promontory,  another  fort  was  placed.  The 
first  fortress  was  mounted  with  125  guns,  and,  with  that  on 
the  island,  was  well  placed  to  defend  the  ^entrance  of  the 
harbour,  as  well  as  to  command  the  anchorage  within.  At 
the  northern  end  of  the  island  was  a  third  battery,  which 
also  commanded  the  harbour. 

At  about  lh.  30m.  p.m.,  on  the  20th  of  October,  the 
signal  was  made  by  the  Asia  to  prepare  for  action,  and  the 
combined  fleet,  consisting  of  the  following  ships,  immediately 
weighed,  and  stood  into  the  harbour ;  the  British  and  French 
forming  the  weather  or  starboard  column,  and  the  Russians 
the  lee  line.  • 

2l2 


516 


BATTLE    OF   XAVARIN. 


[182; 


80 

74 

46 
50 
48 
28 
Corvett 


Ships, 

{  Vice-Adm.  Sir  Edw.  Codrington,  K.C.B. 

Asia (  Captain  Edward  Curzon 

Genoa Commodore  Walter  Bathurst 

Albion Captain  John  A.  Ominanney 

Dartmouth „         Thomas  Fellowes 

Glasgow ,,         Hon.  James  A.  Maude 

Cambrian     „         Gawen  W.  Hamilton 

Talbot „         Hon.  Frederick  Spencer 

—Rose  ;  brigs — Philomel,  Brisk,  and  Musquito  :  Commanders 

Lewis  Davies,  Viscount  Ingestrie,  Hon.  William  Anson,  George  B. 

Martin  ;  and  Hind  cutter  (tender  to  Asia),  Lieutenant  John  Robb. 


Guns.  Ships. 

60  Syrene 
80  Trident 
78  Scipion 
80     Breslau 


FRENCH. 


Guns.  Ships. 

46     Armide 

Corvettes. 
Alcyone 
Daphne 


Guns.  Ships. 

80     Azoff 

IGargoute 
Ezekiel 
Newsky 


Guns.  Ships. 

46     Provernoy 
48     Constantine 
Elena 


4G 


Castor 


About  2h.,  the  Asia  leading,  arrived  at  the  mouth  of  the 
harbour,  and  passed  unmolested  within  pistol-shot  of  the 
heavy  battery  on  the  starboard  hand.  The  Turkish  and 
Egyptian  ships  were  moored  in  the  form  of  a  crescent,  the 
largest  presenting  their  broadsides  towards  the  centre,  and 
the  smaller  ones  inside  filling  up  the  intervals,  the  whole 
consisting  of  one  ship  of  eighty-four1  guns,  two  of  seventy- 
four,1  two  of  sixty-four,  two  of  sixty,  two  of  fifty  guns, 
fifteen  48-gun  frigates,  twenty-six  large  corvettes,  eleven 
brigs,  and  five  fire-ships ;  making,  with  about  forty  trans- 
ports, a  total  of  above  100  sail,  mounting  together  near 
2,000  guns. 

The  Asia  anchored  close  alongside  a  ship  of  the  line,  bear- 
ing the  flag  of  the  Capitan  Bey,  and  on  the  larboard  or  inner 
quarter  of  a  double-banked  frigate,  with  the  flag  of  Moharem 
Bey,  commander-in-chief  of  the  Egyptian  squadron.  The 
Genoa  following  within  100  yards  of  her  leader,  brought  up 

1  Each  of  these  ships  mounted  on  the  lower  decks  four  guns,  of  10-inch 
bore,  for  throwing  marble  shot  of  120  lbs.  weight. 


1827.]  BATTLE    OF   NAVAEIN.  517 

abreast  of  a  double-banked  frigate  astern  of  the  admiral;  the 
Albion  anchored  astern  of  the  Genoa.  To  windward  of  the 
fleet  were  four  ships,  being  part  of  the  Egyptian  squadron, 
which  were  intrusted  to  the  Russian  admiral,  and  those  to 
leeward  in  the  bight  of  the  crescent  were  to  mark  the  stations 
of  the  whole  Russian  squadron,  the  ships  of  their  line  closing 
those  of  the  English  line,  and  being  followed  up  by  their 
frigates.  The  French  frigate  Armide  was  directed  to  take 
her  station  alongside  the  outermost  frigate  on  the  left-hand 
side  on  entering  the  harbour,  and  the  Cambrian,  Glasgow, 
and  Talbot,  next  to  her,  and  abreast  of  the  Asia,  Genoa,  and 
Albion.  The  Dartmouth,  Rose,  Wasp,  Philomel,  and  Mus- 
quito,  were  directed  to  watch  the  movements  of  the  fire-ships 
at  the  entrance  of  the  harbour.  Strict  orders  were  issued  by 
Yice-Admiral  Codrington  that  not  a  gun  should  be  fired 
unless  the  allied  squadrons  were  first  attacked  by  the  Turks, 
which  orders  were  rigidly  observed. 

Although  the  Turkish  fleet  and  batteries  were  prepared 
for  action,  and  to  resist  the  bold  proceeding  of  the  British 
admiral,  the  Asia,  Genoa,  and  Albion  were  suffered  to  enter 
and  to  take  up  their  positions  without  molestation.  The 
Dartmouth  followed,  and  anchored  close  to  the  division  of 
fire-ships,  when  Captain  Fellowes,  perceiving  certain  move- 
ments on  board  one  of  them,  which  induced  him  to  believe 
the  Turks  were  about  to  act  offensively,  sent  a  boat  under 
the  command  of  Lieutenant  George  W.  H.  Fitzroy,  accom- 
panied by  Austin  Forbes,  midshipman,  to  request  that  the 
fire-ships  should  quit  the  anchorage  occupied  by  the  allies. 
The  Dartmouth's  boat  accordingly  proceeded  alongside  the 
ship,  when  a  fire  was  opened  upon  the  boat,  by  which  Lieu- 
tenant Fitzroy  was  killed,  and  many  of  the  boat's  crew  killed 
and  wounded.  A  fire  of  musketry  was  instantly  opened 
upon  the  Turkish  vessel  from  the  Dartmouth:  and  also  from 
the  Syrene  to  cover  the  boat,  which  succeeded  in  regaining 
her  ship.  A  shot  from  the  Turkish  admiral's  ship  followed 
this  outbreak,  upon  which  the  whole  allied  squadron  in  a 
position  to  do  so  opened  fire  upon  the  Turks. 

The  Asia,  although  abreast  the  ship  of  the  Capitan  Bey, 
was  nearer  to  that  of  Moharem  Bey ;  and  as  the  latter  did 
not  fire  at  the  Asia,  the  Asia  did  not  fire  at  her.  A  mes- 
senger was  also  sent  on  board  the  Asia  by  Moharem  Bey  to 


518  BATTLE    OF    NAVARIN.  [1827. 

the  effect  that  he  would  not  fire  at  all,  upon  which  Yice- 
Admiral  Codrington  sent  a  boat  with  Mr.  Peter  Mitchell,  the 
pilot,  who  acted  as  interpreter  to  assure  Moharem  of  his 
desire,  if  possible,  to  avoid  bloodshed  ;  but  on  descending 
the  side  of  the  enemy's  ship,  the  pilot  was  shot  dead.  Soon 
afterwards  the  Egyptian  opened  fire,  and,  as  described  by  Sir 
Edward  Codrington  in  his  despatch,  the  ship  "was  conse- 
quently effectually  destroyed  by  the  Asia's  fire,  sharing  the 
same  fate  as  his  brother  admiral  on  the  starboard  side,  and 
falling  to  leeward  a  complete  wreck." 

The  action  then  became  general :  two  fire-ships  were  in 
flames,  and  a  third  blew  up,  while  a  fourth  was  sunk  by  the 
well-directed  broadsides  of  the  Philomel.  The  forts  opened 
upon  the  allies,  and  that  of  Navarin  especially  committed 
much  havoc,  but  probably  upon  friends  as  well  as  foes.  The 
Russian  ships  did  not  reach  the  positions  assigned  them  till 
3h.  p.m.,  when  the  cannonade  became  most  animated.  The 
Asia's  fire  having,  as  above  stated,  disposed  of  her  two  oppo- 
nents, the  ship  became  exposed  to  a  severe  raking  fire  from 
the  ships  of  the  inner  lines,  by  which  her  mizenmast  was  shot 
away,  several  guns  disabled,  and  many  of  her  crew  killed  and 
wounded.  The  master  of  the  Asia,  William  Smith,  was 
killed  in  the  early  part  of  the  action,  while  bringing  both 
broadsides  to  bear  upon  the  Turkish  and  Egyptian  admirals. 
Captain  Bell,  of  the  marines,  also  fell,  and  Sir  Edward  Cod- 
rington was  struck  by  a  musket-ball,  which  knocked  his 
watch  out  of  his  pocket  and  battered  its  cases. 

The  Genoa,  the  admiral's  next  astern,  suffered  most  severely. 
This  ship  commenced  the  action  at  about  the  same  time  as 
the  Asia,  and  being  closely  engaged  during  the  whole  of  the 
contest,  performed  excellent  service.  As  the  Turks  fired 
high,  the  carnage  among  the  marines  on  her  poop  was  exces- 
sive, and  it  was  at  length  considered  prudent  to  remove  the 
remainder  of  them  to  the  quarter-deck.  Commodore  Bathurst 
was  wounded  early  in  the  action  by  a  splinter,  which  struck 
off  his  hat  and  lacerated  his  face.  Another  shot  took  off  the 
tails  of  his  coat,  and  he  was  at  length  mortally  wounded  by  a 
grape-shot,  which,  entering  his  side  and  passing  through  his 
body,  struck  the  opposite  bulwark.1 

1  Commodore  Bathurst  survived  eleven  hours,  and  before  his  death 


1827.]  BATTLE    OF   NAVARIN.  519 

The  Albion,  being  the  next  astern  of  the  Genoa,  was  exposed 
to  the  united  fire  of  a  cluster  of  ships,  including  one  74  and 
two  64-gun  ships,  upon  which,  at  2h.  45in.,  she  opened  her 
broadside.  About  half  an  hour  after  the  commencement  of 
the  action  one  of  the  Turkish  ships  fell  foul  of  the  Albion, 
and  her  crew  made  an  attempt  to  board,  but  which  was 
repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  The  Turkish  ship  was  in  turn 
boarded  by  Lieutenant  John  Drake,  at  the  head  of  a  party 
of  men,  who  compelled  the  Turks  to  call  for  quarter.  The 
British  were  in  the  act  of  releasing  a  number  of  Greek  pri- 
soners secured  in  the  hold  of  this  ship,  when  she  was  disco- 
vered to  be  on  fire.  Lieutenant  Drake  therefore  considered 
it  expedient  to  return  to  the  Albion,  and  the  cables  of  the 
Turkish  ship  having  been  cut  by  one  of  the  Albion's  midship- 
men— whose  name  is  not,  as  it  deserves  to  be,  mentioned — 
the  ship  drifted  clear  of  the  Albion,  enveloped  in  flames,  and 
shortly  afterwards  blew  up  with  a  tremendous  explosion. 
The  absence  of  this  combatant  enabled  the  two  remaining 
ships  to  open  with  more  effect  upon  the  Albion ;  but  so 
vigorous  was  the  fire  of  the  British  ship,  that  the  largest  of 
the  two  was  shortly  in  flames.  The  Albion  continued  the 
engagement  till  dusk,  when,  taking  advantage  of  a  breeze  of 
wind,  she  got  underweigh  and  stood  out  to  clear  herself  from 
the  numerous  blazing  ships  about  her. 

The  performances  of  every  ship  engaged  are  almost  equally 
well  spoken  of,  but  the  gallantry  of  the  commander  and  crew 
of  the  Hind  cutter  deserves  especial  mention.  The  Hind,  a 
cutter  of  160  tons,  mounting  eight  light  carronades,  and 
manned  with  a  crew  of  thirty  men,  was  the  Asia's  tender, 
and  commanded  by  Lieutenant  John  Robb.  The  Hind  had 
been  despatched  to  Zante,  and  only  returned  as  the  allied 
squadrons  were  entering  Navarin,  when,  notwithstanding  his 
paltry  force,  the  gallant  lieutenant  determined  to  have  his 
share  in  the  glories  of  the  day.  He  accordingly  entered,  and, 
taking  up  an  excellent  raking  position  athwart  the  stern  of 
a  large  frigate,  at  the  distance  of  about  forty  yards,  opened 
upon  her  a  very  smart  fire.     After  occupying  this  position 

was  visited  by  Sir  Edward  Codrington,  to  whom  he  expressed  his  earnest 
anxiety  for  the  welfare  of  his  officers.  His  body  was,  at  his  request, 
brought  to  England  in  the  Genoa  ;  and  he  was  buried  at  Plymouth,  with 
military  honours,  on  the  27th  of  December. 


520  BATTLE   OP   NAVARIN.  [1827. 

about  three-quarters  of  an  hour,  exposed  to  the  fire  of  various 
smaller  vessels,  the  Hind's  cable  was  cut  by  shot,  and  when 
clearing  away  a  second  anchor  to  let  go,  it  was  found  dis- 
abled by  shot.  This  was,  however,  drojDped,  but  it  did  not 
bring  the  vessel  up  until  between  a  large  corvette  and  a  brig, 
both  of  which  she  engaged  until  the  Turkish  brig  caught  fire 
and  blew  up.  The  Hind  then  continued  to  fire  upon  the 
corvette  until,  her  remaining  cable  being  cut,  she  dropped 
clear  of  this  adversary.  After  drifting  about  for  some  time 
in  the  hottest  part  of  the  action,  the  Hind  at  length  came  in 
contact  with  a  large  Turkish  frigate,  her  mainboom  entering 
one  of  the  main-deck  port-holes,  when  the  cutter's  crew, 
which  Lieutenant  Robb,  with  much  consideration,  had 
ordered  below  to  shelter  themselves,  himself  remaining  on 
deck,  were  called  up  to  repel  the  boarders,  which  the  Turks 
were  about  to  throw  upon  her  deck.  Notwithstanding  the  re- 
peated attempts  of  her  numerous  enemies,  so  gallant  and 
well  trained  were  the  Hind's  men,  that  on  each  occasion  the 
Turks  were  repulsed  with  loss,  and,  the  latter  growing  des- 
perate by  the  opposition  offered,  a  large  boat,  numerously 
manned,  put  off  from  the  frigate,  in  the  hope  of  carrying  the 
cutter  in  this  way.  The  boat  was  nearly  alongside  the  Hind, 
when  two  carronades,  charged  to  the  muzzle  with  grape  and 
canister,  were  discharged  with  such  precision  that  the 
Turkish  boat  was  knocked  to  pieces.  The  Hind  soon  after- 
wards drifted  clear  of  the  frigate,  and  the  general  cessation 
of  firing  put  a  period  to  her  gallant  career.  Her  loss 
amounted  to  the  mate  and  three  men  killed,  and  a  midship- 
man and  nine  men  wounded,  several  severely.  Three  of  her 
carronades  were  dismounted,  and  twenty-three  round  shot 
had  entered  her  hull. 

The  Rose,  Philomel,  and  Talbot,  were  also  greatly  distin- 
guished ;  and  Lieutenant  Maine  Lyons,  cf  the  former,  was 
mortally  wounded  while  gallantly  endeavouiing  to  tow  a 
fire-ship,  which  was  in  flames,  clear  of  the  Armide.  He 
succeeded  in  effecting  this  object,  after  which  the  blazing 
vessel  dropped  alongside  a  Turkish  frigate  and  blew  up.  The 
French  ships  behaved  admirably ;  and  the  Russians  also 
elicited  Sir  Edward  Codrington's  warmest  applause  ;  in  fact, 
the  positions  of  the  contending  ships  were  such  that  the 
mutual  and  most  perfect  co-operation  of  each  ship  of  the 


1827.]  KILLED   AND    WOUNDED.  521 

allied  squadrons  was  absolutely  necessary  to  bring  about  a 
favourable  termination.  Had  the  Russians  or  French  not 
taken  their  full  share  in  the  day's  proceedings,  the  British 
must  have  been  annihilated. 

The  state  of  the  Turkish  fleet  on  the  morning  after  the 
action  is  thus  described  in  Yice- Admiral  Codrington's  official 
letter  :  "  Out  of  a  fleet  composed  of  eighty-one  men-of-war, 
only  one  frigate  and  fifteen  smaller  vessels  are  in  a  state  ever 
to  be  again  put  to  sea." 

The  loss  sustained  by  the  British  on  this  occasion  was  as 
follows  : — 

Asia  :  William  Smith,  master,  Captain  of  marines  George 
A.  Bell,  Philip  Dumaresq,  mate,  John  Lewis,  boatswain, 
Peter  Mitchell  (pilot  and  interpreter),  and  fourteen  seamen 
and  marines  killed  ;  and  Henry  S.  Dyer,  secretary,  H.  J. 
Codrington,  William  V.  Lee,  and  R.  H.  Bunbury,  midship- 
men, and  C.  Wakeham,  clerk,  severely,  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Craddock  (a  passenger),  and  fifty-one  seamen  and 
marines  wounded.  Genoa :  Commodore  Walter  Bathurst, 
Peter  Brown  and  Charles  Bussell,  midshipmen,  and  A.  J.  T. 
Rowe,  master's  assistant,  and  twenty-two  men  killed  ;  and 
Captain  of  marines  Thomas  Moore  (mortally),  Lieutenant 
Henry  R.  Sturt,  Herbert  B.  Gray,  midshipman,  and  James 
Chambers,  volunteer  2nd  class,  and  twenty-nine  men  wounded. 
Albion  :  Captain  of  marines  C.  J.  Stevens,  Edward  R.  Foster, 
master's  assistant,  and  eight  men  killed  ;  and  Reverend  E. 
Winder,  chaplain,  Commander  John  IN".  Campbell,  Lieutenant 
J.  G.  d'Urban,  William  Lloyd,  mate,  Frederick  Gray,  mid- 
shipman, W.  F.  O'Kane,  assistant  surgeon,  James  Stewart, 
clerk,  and  forty-two  seamen  and'  marines  wounded.  Dart- 
mouth :  Lieutenant  G.  W.  H.  Fitzroy,  and  Brown  Smith, 
midshipman,  and  four  men  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Spencer 
Smyth,  Launcelot  Harrison,  mate,  and  six  "men  wounded. 
Glasgow  :  two  men  wounded.  Talbot  :  W.  J.  Goldfinch, 
midshipman,  and  five  men  killed  ;  and  Lieutenant  Robert 
S.  Hay,  Alexander  Cotton,  midshipman,  J.  Delamore,  school- 
master, Joseph  Gay,  clerk,  and  thirteen  men  wounded.  Cam- 
brian :  Lieutenant  of  marines  Philip  Sturgeon  killed,  and 
one  marine  wounded.  Philomel :  one  marine  killed,  and  seven 
men  wounded.  Rose  :  three  seamen  killed,  and  Lieutenant 
Maine  Lyons  (mortally),  Douglas  Curry  and  M.  Williams, 


522 


KILLED    AST>    WOUNDED. 


[1827. 


midshipmen,  and  twelve  men  wounded.  Brisk  :  Henry 
Campling,  purser,  killed,  and  John  Scott,  surgeon,  and  two 
seamen  wounded.  Musquito  :  two  men  killed,  and  four 
wounded.     The  Hind's  loss  is  included  in  the  Asia's  report. 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  loss  of  the  British  and 
also  of  the  allies  : — 


Ships. 

Loss. 

Ships. 

Loss. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

Killed. 

Wounded. 

BRITISH. 

19 

26 

10 

6 

6 

1 

1 
3 
1 

2 

57 

33 

50 

8 

2 

17 

1 

7 

15 
3 
4 

Breslau 

Armide 

Alcyone     

Daphne 

RUSSIAN. 

Azoff 

1 
16 

1 
1 

14 

25 

9 

8 

Genoa    

Albion 

Dartmouth    .... 

Glasgow    

Talbot   

Cambrian 

Philomel    

43 

144 

24           fi7 

Gargoute 

Ezekiel 

Alexander          ) 
Newsky     . .  \ 
Constantine  .... 
Provernoy 

Elena     

Castor    

dlled,  480  wounde 

14 
13 

5 
3 

37 
18 

7 

1 
4 
5 

Brisk 

Musquito 

FRENCH. 

Syrene 

Scipion 

Trident 

Gi 

75 

197 

21 
3 

and  To 

45 
36 

7 

tal— 177  1 

59 
d. 

139 
1 

SUMMARY. 
Killed.  Wounded.      a^™d. 

British 75  197   272 

French 43   144   187 

Russian 59   139   198 

Grand  Total  ..   177   480   657 


Sir  Edward  Codrington  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  the 
Grand  Cross  of  the  Bath,  and  the  captains  and  commanders 
present  in  the  action  were  nominated  companions  of  that 
order.  Commanders  Davies,  John  Norman  Campbell  (of  the 
Albion),  Hon.  \V.  Anson,  and  Viscount  Ingestrie,  were  pro- 


1827.]  PROMOTIONS   AXD    REWARDS.  523 

moted,  and  made  companions  of  the  Bath  ;l  and  Lieutenants 
Thomas  Dilke  (flag)  and  Robert  F.  Ganibier,  of  the  Asia  ; 
John  Drake,  Albion  ;  Thomas  Smith  (6),  Genoa  ;  Spencer 
Smyth,  Dartmouth ;  John  Monday,  Glasgow ;  Peter  Christie, 
Cambrian  ;  John  Hamilton,  Brisk  ;  Hon.  William  Edwardes 
(acting  commander  of  Gannet)  ;  Robert  S.  Hay,  Talbot ;  and 
Richard  S.  Tomkins,  Philomel,  made  commanders.  Twelve 
mates  were  also  immediately  promoted  to  the  rank  of  lieu- 
tenants, and  the  first  lieutenant  and  senior  mate  of  each  ship 
promoted.  The  emperor  of  Russia  conferred  the  Grand 
Cross  of  St.  George  on  Sir  Edward  Codrington,  and  he  was 
honoured  with  the  Grand  Cross  of  St.  Louis  by  the  king  of 
France.  The  captains  were  also  distinguished  by  those  sove- 
reigns with  crosses  of  St.  Vladimir  or  of  St.  Anne,  and  the 
cross  of  St.  Louis  of  France.  Captain  Fellowes  was  nominated 
Knight  Commander  of  the  royal  Legion  of  Honour.  The 
naval  medal  has  been  recently  awarded  to  the  officers  and 
men  employed  in  the  above  distinguished  service. 

1  Commanders  Robert  L.  Bayne  (of  the  Asia)  and  Geo.  B.  Martin 
not  having  served  the  time  to  qualify  them  for  promotion,  were  not  made 
with  the  others,  but  they  ultimately  gained  the  rank  and  lost  no  part  of 
the  orders  dispensed.  The  promotion  of  Lieutenant  George  Daniell,  of 
the  Musquito,  was  also  delayed  from  a  similar  cause. 


524  OPERATIONS   ON    THE    COAST    OF    SYRIA.  [1840. 


1840. 
OPERATIONS  ON  THE  COAST  OF  SYRIA. 

With  the  exception  of  our  co-operation  with  the  army 
of  the  queen  of  Spain  during  the  civil  wars  of  that  country, 
in  1836-37,  the  navy  had  remained  in  a  state  of  peaceful  in- 
activity since  the  attack  upon  the  Turkish  and  Egyptian 
fleets  just  recorded.  Its  energies  were,  however,  once  more 
called  into  action  by  the  decision  of  the  four  great  powers, 
or  quadruple  alliance,  in  reference  to  the  Turco-Egyptian 
question.  The  Mediterranean  fleet  was  commanded  by  an 
officer  whose  long  experience  and  sound  and  mature  judgment 
were  unshaken  by  time  ;  and  who,  to  a  clear  perception  of 
the  proper  line  of  conduct  to  be  pursued,  added  firmness  of 
purpose  worthy  of  the  great  leaders  from  whom  he  had  taken 
his  professional  lessons. 

Mehemet  Ali,  Pacha  of  Egypt,  having  virtually  thrown 
off  his  allegiance  to  the  Sublime  Porte  by  retaining  possession 
of  the  Turkish  fleet  at  Alexandria,  it  was  determined  to 
reduce  him  to  subjection.  It  was  generally  believed  that 
France  was  busily  at  work  through  the  Pacha,  and  encou- 
raging him  in  his  resistance  ;  and  it  is  surmised  that  the 
smallest  reverse  met  with  by  the  allies  would  have  drawn 
down  upon  them  the  French  force  in  the  Mediterranean.  In 
a  word,  our  success  averted  a  war  with  France.  The  four 
powers  concerned  in  the  subjugation  of  Mehemet  Ali  were 
Austria,  Russia,  Prussia,  and  England  ;  but  the  brunt  of  the 
work  fell  upon  England.  The  fleet  in  the  Mediterranean,  or 
on  its  way  thither,  in  September,  1840,  the  period  of  the  com- 
mencement of  hostilities,  consisted  of  the  following  : — 

Guns.  Ships. 

!  Admiral  Hon.  Sir  Robert  Stopford, 
G.C.B.,  G.C.M.G.  (red) 
Captain  Arthur  Fanshawe 

84     Powerful Commodore  Charles  Napier,  C.B. 

80     Bellerophon     ....      Captain  Charles  J.  Austen 

76     Revenge  . .  _. ... ._         „         Hon.  W.  Waldegrave  (a) 


, 


I * 


<? 


1S^z/t/ 


^LS  ^ 


1840.1      OPERATIONS  ON  THE  COAST  OF  SYRIA.        525 


Guns.  Ships. 

84     Asia Captain  William  Fisher 

74     Implacable „  Edward  Harvey 

84     Ganges 
92     Rodney     . 
84     Thunderer 
80     Vanguard 

{Edinburgh 
Hastings  . 
Benbow    . 
78     Cambridge 


Barrington  Reynolds,  C.B. 
Robert  Maunsell,  C.B. 
Maurice  F.  F.  Berkeley 
Sir  David  Dunn,  K.H. 
W.  W.  Henderson,  K.H. 
John  Lawrence,  C.B. 
Houston  Stewart 
Edward  Barnard 


36-gun  frigates  —  Castor  and  Pique  ;  Captains  Edward  Collier  and 
Edward  Boxer.  26-gun  frigates — Carysfort,  Tyne,  and  Talbot ;  Cap- 
tains H.  Byam  Martin,  John  Townshend,  and  Henry  J.  Codrington. 
Corvettes — Dido,  Daphne,  and  Magicienne  ;  Captains  Lewis  Davies, 
C.B.,  John  W.  Dalling,  and  Frederick  T.  Michell.  Steam-ships — 
Gorgon  and  Cyclops  ;  Captains  William  H.  Henderson  and  Horatio 
T.  Austin  :  "Vesuvius,  Hydra,  and  Phoenix  ;  Commanders  Thomas 
Henderson,  Robert  S.  Robinson,  and  Robert  F.  Stopford  :  and  Con- 
fiance  ;  Lieutenant  Edward  Stopford.  Brigs,  &c. — Wasp,  Com- 
mander George  Mansell  ;  Zebra,  Coramauder  James  J.  Stopford ; 
Hazard,  Commander  Honourable  C.  J.  J.  B.  Elliot. 

On  the  29th  of  August,  the  Dido,  which  ship  had  been 
sent  on  a  mission  to  Constantinople,  joined  the  admiral  at 
Alexandria  with  despatches  \  in  which  it  was  stated  that  the 
French  ambassador  had  declared  it  was  not  the  intention  of 
that  nation  to  interfere  in  reference  to  the  proposed  settle- 
ment of  the  Turco-Egyptian  dispute.  Immediately  upon  his 
arrival,  Captain  Davies  received  orders  to  proceed  to  the 
coast  of  Syria  to  join  the  squadron  under  Commodore  Napier, 
and  on  the  1st  of  September  the  Dido  reached  Beyrout, 
where  the  Powerful,  live  sail  of  the  line,  two  frigates,  one 
corvette,  two  brigs,  and  two  steam-ships  were  lying. 

On  the  9th  of  September  the  admiral  arrived  with  the 
remainder  of  the  fleet,  together  with  three  Austrian  and 
live  Turkish  ships  of  war,  the  former  commanded  by  Rear- 
Admiral  Bandiera,  and  the  latter  by  Rear-Admiral  Walker 
Bey.1  In  the  interim  Commodore  Napier  had  been  gain- 
ing every  possible  information  relative  to  the  enemy's  coast 
and  defences,  and  on  the  arrival  of  the  admiral,  hostilities 
were  immediately  determined  on,  the  commodore,  in  con- 

1  This  officer  (the  present  Sir  Baldwin  Wake  Walker,  K.C.B.)  was  a 
captain  in  the  British  navy,  but  lent  to  the  Turkish  government  to  com- 
mand their  fleet. 


526  LANDING    IN    D'jOUNI    BAY.  [1840. 

sequence  of  the  ill  state  of  health  of  Colonel  Sir  Charles 
Smith,  of  the  engineers,  being  intrusted  with  the  chief 
management  of  the  operations.  On  the  same  night  the 
marines  of  the  fleet,  and  also  5,400  Turkish  troops,  were 
ordered  to  embark  on  board  the  steam-ships  Gordon,  Cyclops, 
and  Phoenix,  and  to  make  a  feint  of  landing  on  the  cape, 
under  cover  of  the  guns  of  the  Dido  and  Wasp.  The  two 
latter  vessels  accordingly  anchored  as  close  to  the  shore  as 
their  draught  of  water  would  allow  them ;  the  Dido,  the 
outside  vessel,  being  about  600  yards  from  the  rocks.  The 
next  morning  the  whole  fleet  got  underweigh  and  stood  close 
in,  and  the  Benbow  having  anchored,  commenced  throwing 
shells  with  great  precision  ;  several  other  ships  also  opened 
fire.  Having  by  these  means  drawn  the  enemy  to  a  parti- 
cular part  of  the  cape,  the  commodore,  by  signal  from  the 
admiral,  crossed  the  bay  to  a  spot  distant  ten  miles  from  the 
supposed  place  of  disembarkation,  where  a  landing  was  effected 
in  LTJouni  Bay  without  opposition. 

This  service  completed,  the  Carysfort  and  Dido  were 
ordered  to  the  northward  to  the  attack  of  a  strong  tower  at 
Gebail,  garrisoned  by  Arnaut  troops.  On  the  evening  of  the 
11th  of  September,  the  Cyclops,  having  on  board  220 
marines  and  150  mountaineers,  joined,  with  orders  that 
Gebail  should  be  bombarded  ;  and  accordingly  the  three 
vessels  anchored  at  noon  on  the  12th  abreast  of  the  town, 
and  within  about  500  yards  of  the  shore.  In  addition  to 
the  strength  of  the  castle,  the  town  presented  a  solid  front 
of  low  stone  houses,  which  had  altogether  a  most  compact 
appearance.  The  frigate  and  corvette  commenced  firing 
round  and  grape,  but  at  intervals  only,  under  the  idea  that 
the  place  would  soon  show  a  desire  to  surrender ;  but  no 
such  signs  appearing,  the  firing  was  increased,  and  continued 
for  the  space  of  an  hour,  the  Cyclops  occasionally  dropping 
shells  in  the  town. 

At  the  expiration  of  this  time  the  marines  and  moun- 
taineers were  landed  a  few  hundred  yards  to  the  southward 
of  the  town,  under  the  command  of  Captain  Austin,  accom- 
panied by  Lieutenants  Charles  R.  Johnson,  E.  K.  H.  Hallett, 
Charles  Thomson,  and  George  Giffard,  and  William  Buttler, 
mate,  and  the  marines  under  the  orders  of  Captains  Charles 
Robinson  and  Richard  Searle,  and  Lieutenants  Richard  C. 


1840.]  BOMBARDMENT    OF   GEBAIL.  527 

Spalding,  Robert  T.  Harrison,  W.  R.  Searle,  and  C.  W. 
Adair.  The  party  rapidly  ascended  the  beach,  and  scrambled 
over  stone  dykes  and  through  cactus  fences,  without  any  other 
object  to  direct  them  than  the  view  of  the  lofty  walls  they 
were  about  to  attack.  On  arriving  under  the  castle,  the 
party  first  became  acquainted  with  the  strength  of  the 
enemy  with  which  they  had  to  contend,  and  which  had  been 
greatly  underrated.  When  within  a  short  distance  of  the 
castle,  the  party  became  exposed  to  a  heavy  discharge  of 
musketry  from  loop-holes  nearly  level  with  the  ground.  The 
assailants  were  now  brought  to  a  stand-still ;  and  exposed 
to  an  incessant  fire  from  concealed  enemies,  the  only  return 
that  could  made  to  which  was  by  firing  on  the  loop-holes,  it 
was  judged  necessary  to  retreat  to  the  boats.  The  British 
loss  in  this  untoward  business  amounted  to  five  men  killed 
and  eighteen  wounded,  including  among  the  latter  Lieutenant 
George  Giffard  (severely),  and  Lieutenant  Adair  of  the 
marines. ' 

Having  returned  to  the  Cyclops,  the  bombardment  re- 
commenced, and  continued  for  four  hours ;  but  no  visible 
impression  was  made,  with  the  exception  of  the  fall  of  a 
cupola  surmounting  a  mosque.  In  the  night  the  Arnaut 
troops,  previously  reduced  to  extremities  by  the  want  of 
provisions,  evacuated  the  place,  and  it  was  taken  possession 
of  by  the  mountaineers,  all  of  whom  were  supplied  from  the 
Cyclops  with  arms  and  ammunition.  The  Castle  of  Gebail 
was  sufficiently  strong  to  have  withstood  the  whole  Mediter- 
ranean fleet.  Its  walls  were  composed  of  immense  blocks  of 
stone,  many  twenty  feet  in  length  and  twelve  in  thickness ; 
within  which  500  men  might  have  sheltered  themselves  with 
perfect  safety  and  ease.2 

On  the  15th  of  September,  the  Carysfort  in  tow  of  the 
Cyclops  removed  to  the  northward  to  Batroun,  where, 
observing  parties  of  Albaniaus  in  different  parts  of  the  town, 

1  An  English  flag  which  had  been  planted  on  the  garden-wall  as  a 
signal  to  the  ships,  having  been  accidentally  left  there  after  the  marines 
had  retired,  Lieutenant  Sidney  Grenfell  and  —  Macdonald,  seaman  of 
the  Cyclops,  gallantly  volunteered  to  recover  it,  which  was  effected  amid 
the  cheers  of  the  squadron. 

2  Mr.  Hunter,  in  his  published  account  of  these  operations,  considers 
this  castle  to  be  of  great  antiquity,  and  to  bear  evidence  of  Koman  and 
Saracenic  repairs. 


528  BOMBARDMENT  OF  BEYROUT.  [1840. 

they  stood  close  in  and  opened  fire.  A  landing  was  then 
effected  by  250  armed  mountaineers,  in  the  boats  of  the 
Hastings,  Carysfort,  and  Cyclops,  in  charge  of  Lieutenants 
Charles  Thomson,  William  K.  Stephens,  and  Edmund 
A.  Glynn,  mate.  The  mountaineers  gained  possession  of 
the  town  with  the  loss  of  only  one  man  wounded. 

The  marines  and  Turkish  troops  which  had  landed  at 
D'Jouni  Bay  on  the  10th,  were  well  encamped,  and  remained 
undisturbed  under  the  orders  of  Commodore  Napier.  Sir 
Robert  Stopford  being  desirous  to  stay  any  further  hostile 
proceedings  if  possible,  in  conjunction  with  Rear-Admiral 
Bandiera,  wrote  a  letter  to  Suleiman  Pacha,  the  commander- 
in-chief  of  the  Pacha's  forces ;  but  this  having  produced  no 
effect,  it  was  determined  to  bombard  Beyrout.  This  was 
accordingly  proceeded  with  and  continued  at  intervals  for 
several  days.1 

The  bombardment  was  continued  until  the  14th,  when 
all  except  the  Edinburgh,  Hastings,  and  Bellerophon,  were 
withdrawn,  and  ordered  to  proceed  in  different  direc- 
tions to  harass  the  enemy  and  distribute  arms  among  the 
mountaineers. 

The  Benbow,  accompanied  by  the  Carysfort  and  Zebra, 
on  the  20th  anchored  off  the  small  island  of  Buad.  Learn- 
ing that  there  was  a  probability  of  gaining  possession  of  the 
provisions  and  stores  at  Tortosa,  intended  for  the  use  of 
near  3,000  of  the  Pacha's  troops,  the  three  ships  proceeded 
thither.  Arriving  off  that  place,  the  Carysfort  and  Zebra 
were  ordered  to  anchor  as  close  to  the  shore  as  possible,  and 
they  brought  up  within  500  yards.  Information  was  here 
brought  by  deserters  that  there  were  no  troops  at  that  time 
quartered  at  Tortosa,  and  that  there  would  be  no  difficulty 
in  obtaining  possession  of  the  corn-store.  An  attempt  was 
therefore  determined  upon,  and  the  Carysfort  and  Zebra 
having  succeeded  in  effecting  a  breach  in  the  wall  of  the 

1  "  In  the  midst  of  the  firing,  "  says  Mr.  Hunter,  "  a  white  flag  heing 
seen  hoisted  in  the  town,  hostile  proceedings  were  instantly  suspended  ; 
and  on  a  boat's  proceeding  to  the  shore,  the  Indian  mail,  which  had 
arrived  by  way  of  Bagdad,  was  handed  to  the  officer,  with  Suleiman 
Pacha's  compliments  to  Admiral  Stopford.  The  latter,  on  his  part,  im- 
mediately forwarded  a  letter  of  thanks  to  the  pacha,  and  accompanied  it 
with  a  package  of  foreign  wine,  which  had  been  seized  in  an  Egyptian 
vessel  directed  to  Suleiman.     Firing  was  then  resumed." 


1840.]  LANDING    AT    TORTOSA.  529 

castle,  the  boats  of  the  squadron  were,  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  25th,  despatched  on  this  service.  Lieutenant  Edward 
P.  Charlewood,  of  the  Benbow,  was  intrusted  with  the 
charge  of  a  pioneer  party,  consisting  of  Mr.  Turner,  the  gun- 
ner, and  eight  men,  which  party  embarked  in  the  cutter, 
while  the  larger  boats,  containing  Lieutenant  Robert  S.  Har- 
rison and  fifty  marines,  the  whole  under  the  command  of 
the  Benbow's  first  lieutenant  (William  Maitland),  were  to 
follow.  Lieutenant  W.  K.  Stephens,  of  the  Carysfort,  was 
ordered  to  take  charge  of  the  boats,  after  the  marines  and 
storming  party  had  landed. 

The  town  presented  at  its  sea  front  a  line  of  wall  flanked 
at  either  angle  by  a  tower,  and  the  distance  from  the  sea  to 
the  breach  in  the  wall  was  not  more  than  sixteen  or 
eighteen  yards.  At  a  little  past  lh.  p.m.  the  boats  quitted 
the  Carysfort,  and  Lieutenant  Charlewood  reached  the 
beach,  and  effected  a  landing  without  difficulty.  Not  so  the 
larger  boats.  All  four  were  intercepted,  when  about  thirty 
yards  from  the  shore,  by  a  ledge  of  rocks,  over  which  the 
Benbow's  cutters,  drawing  less  water,  had  passed  without 
obstruction.  This  had,  however,  been  foreseen  by  the 
enemy ;  and  as  soon  as  the  boats  touched  the  rocks,  a  heavy 
fire  of  musketry  was  opened  upon  them  from  loopholes,  as 
well  as  from  the  breach,  and  every  crevice  made  by  the  shot 
of  the  ships.  Lieutenant  Maitland,  removing  about  fourteen 
men  from  the  Benbow's  launch  into  one  of  the  cutters, 
landed,  or  there  is  little  doubt  that  the  pioneer  party  must 
have  been  cut  off.  In  the  meanwhile,  Lieutenant  Charle- 
wood, with  the  pioneers,  broke  open  several  stores,  and 
having  found  one  filled  with  rice  and  another  with  corn,  he 
ran  back  to  inform  Lieutenant  Maitland  and  request  more 
men.  During  his  absence,  the  pioneers  broke  down  another 
door,  where  they  found  a  number  of  soldiers.  A  struggle 
ensued,  in  which  two  soldiers  were  killed  ;  but  the  pioneers, 
having  only  their  axes,  were  compelled  to  retreat.  The 
return  of  Lieutenant  Charlewood  with  a  few  men  checked 
the  advance  of  the  soldiers,  who  did  not  appear  disposed  to 
follow.  Finding  under  the  circumstances  that  there  was  no 
chance  of  effecting  anything,  Captain  Stewart,  who  had 
followed  in  his  own  boat,  made  the  signal  of  recall,  and 
those    who   had   landed   reached   their   boats   in   excellent 

VOL.  II.  2  M 


530  REDUCTION   OF   CAIFFA.  [1840. 

order,  leaving  nothing  behind,  and  having  only  one  man 
wounded. 

The  loss  sustained  in  the  grounded  boats  must  inevitably 
have  been  more  severe  than  it  was,  had  it  not  been  for  the 
great  precision  of  the  covering  fire  of  the  Carysfort  and 
Zebra,  the  shot  from  the  guns  of  these  ships  passing  close 
over  the  heads  of  the  British.  The  loss  was  as  follows  :  two 
seamen  and  three  marines,  of  the  Benbovv,  killed ;  ten  sea- 
men and  four  marines  wounded  ;  and  three  men  of  the  Zebra 
wounded.  Total :  five  killed  and  seventeen  wounded,  three 
severely. 

The  Castor  and  Pique,  on  being  withdrawn  from  before 
Beyrout,  sailed  to  the  southward,  Captain  Collier,  who  was 
the  senior  officer,  having  orders  to  proceed  to  Caiffa,  off 
which  place  the  two  frigates,  accompanied  by  the  Ottoman 
frigate  Dewan,  appeared  on  the  16th.  On  the  following 
morning  two  boats,  one  in  command  of  Lieutenant  Charles 
F.  A.  Shadwell,  of  the  Castor,  and  the  other  belonging  to 
the  Turkish  frigate,  bearing  flags  of  truce,  were  sent  in  to 
summon  the  garrison  to  surrender  ;  but  neither  was  suffered 
to  approach  the  shore.  The  ships  therefore,  on  the  return 
of  the  boats,  opened  fire  upon  the  batteries,  and  although 
these  were  of  some  strength,  the  suddenness  of  the  attack 
was  such  that  after  the  first  few  broadsides  the  troops  aban- 
doned the  town  in  great  confusion.  The  Ottoman  flag  was 
shortly  afterwards  planted  upon  the  walls  of  Caiffa  by  the 
British  officers,  who  next  destroyed  eight  guns  with  their 
carriages,  and  brought  off  a  quantity  of  ammunition  and  two 
13-inch  mortars,  all  of  which  were  put  on  board  the  Dewan. 

On  the  18th,  the  Castor  shifted  her  berth  to  cover  the 
entrance  to  the  Acre  gate,  at  the  distance  of  one  mile  from 
which  about  500  troops  were  distinctly  seen  drawn  up. 
Towards  noon,  an  officer  and  a  few  men  having  taken  pos- 
session of  a  small  castle  mounting  five  guns,  in  the  rear  of 
and  commanding  the  town,  the  Castor  and  Pique  opened 
fire  upon  them  ;  and  in  the  course  of  a  short  time  the 
Egyptians  were  completely  driven  out,  the  officer  being 
wounded.  As  the  destruction  of  this  castle  was  considered 
desirable,  Captain  Collier  ordered  the  marines  of  the  two 
frigates,  with  their  respective  officers — Lieutenants  Bemey 


1840.]  CAPTURE  OF  TYKE.  531 

Varlo,  R.  Y.  S.  Moubray,  and  Charles  O.  Hambly,  with 
Lieutenant  George  G.  Wellesley,  and  James  H.  Cockburn 
and  Leonard  Gibbard,  mates,  of  the  Castor ;  Lieutenants 
H.  J.  Gallwey  and  John  Macdougall,  and  Frederick  Morris 
and  W.  J.  A.  Heath,  mates,  of  the  Pique — the  whole  party 
under  the  command  of  Lieutenant  Charles  G.  E.  Patey,  of  the 
Castor,  to  effect  a  landing  for  this  purpose.  Although  in 
sight  of  the  force  already  mentioned,  the  British  landed 
without  opposition ;  and,  after  throwing  the  guns  over  the 
ramparts  and  destroying  the  fortifications,  the  party  returned 
to  their  ships.  Lieutenant  Macdougall,  of  the  Pique,  was 
severely  wounded  by  the  discharge  of  a  gun,  which  he  was 
in  the  act  of  spiking ;  and  Mr.  Gill,  carpenter  of  the  same 
ship,  was  wounded  by  the  explosion. 

From  CaifFa,  the  Castor  and  Pique,  on  the  24th,  sailed 
to  Tsour  (or  Tyre),  from  which  place  the  Egyptian  troops, 
500  in  number,  were  driven  by  the  fire  of  the  two  frigates, 
and  the  town  taken  possession  of  by  the  British.  A  large 
quantity  of  corn  was  found  in  the  government  stores  at 
this  place,  which,  as  well  as  a  quantity  of  ammunition,  was 
brought  away.  Captain  Collier  mentioned  in  the  highest 
terms  the  officers  and  seamen  of  both  ships  employed  on 
shore,  under  the  orders  of  Lieutenants  Patey  and  Douglas 
Curry,  who  had  a  very  arduous  duty  to  perform  in  levelling 
sand-banks,  which  the  enemy  had  thrown  up  to  the  height 
of  ten  feet  to  cover  the  approaches  to  the  town  from  the  fire 
of  the  ships.  The  Castor  and  Pique  remained  on  this  jmrt 
of  the  coast. 

It  was  next  determined  to  endeavour  to  capture  the  city 
of  Sidon  by  storm,  and  accordingly  Commodore  Napier 
received  orders  from  the  admiral  to  take  under  his  command 
the  84-gun  ship  Thunderer,  Austrian  frigate  Guerriera, 
18-gun  brig  Wasp,  and  a  Turkish  corvette;  together  with 
the  two  steam-frigates  Cyclops  and  Gorgon,  containing  500 
marines  under  Captain  Arthur  Morrison,  and  a  battalion  of 
the  same  number  of  Turkish  troops.  On  the  27th  of  Sep- 
tember, at  daylight,  this  squadron  got  underweigh,  the  utmost 
secrecy  being  observed  as  to  its  destination.  The  commodore, 
on  his  arrival  at  Sidon,  was  joined  by  the  steam-ships  Strom- 
boli,  just  from  England,  and  Hydra,  from  Tyre ;  the  former 
2  m2 


532  STORMING    OF    SIDON.  [1840. 

having  on  board  284  marines,  under  Captain  James  Why- 
lock,  and   on  board  the   latter  was  Bear-Admiral  Walker 

BeF- 

The  town  of  Sidon  is  built  upon  an  eminence  rising  ab- 
ruptly from  the  sea.  It  contains  a  large  number  of  houses, 
closely  packed  together,  and  enclosed  on  three  sides  by  strong 
walls  of  considerable  height.  The  principal  gate  in  the  line 
of  wall  is  on  the  north  side,  near  the  sea,  and  is  very  well 
defended.  On  that  side  the  town  is  approachable  from  a 
broad  smooth  beach.  Towards  the  south,  Sidon  rises  from 
the  level  country  by  a  short  but  steep  ascent,  upon  which  is 
a  small  citadel  of  no  great  strength.  On  the  sea -front  there 
is  no  wall ;  but  the  houses,  being  for  the  most  part  built  of 
stone,  in  the  most  substantial  manner,  offered  equal  obstruc- 
tion to  an  enemy.  The  ruins  of  an  old  mole  also  prevented 
any  very  near  approach  ;  and,  still  more  to  strengthen  this 
position,  intrenchments  had  been  constructed  to  oppose  a 
landing.  A  castellated  fort  of  considerable  size  projects  at 
the  same  part  about  100  feet  into  the  sea,  and  is  connected 
with  the  town  by  a  bridge,  at  the  land  end  of  which  a  large 
well-built  barrack  defended  the  shore. 

Before  attacking  so  formidable  a  place,  it  became  neces- 
sary to  make  great  preparations  ;  and  it  is  but  justice  to  the 
commodore  to  state  that  nothing  which  prudence  and  fore- 
sight could  suggest  appeared  wanting  in  the  arrangements. 
The  wind  being  light,  the  Thunderer,  Guerriera,  Wasp,  and 
Turkish  corvette,  were  towed  to  their  assigned  positions  by 
the  steam-ships.  The  Guerriera  and  Turkish  corvette  were 
placed  by  Captain  Berkeley  abreast  the  town ;  the  Wasp 
and  Stromboli  anchored  more  to  the  southward,  in  order  to 
flank  it  ;  and  the  Gorgon,  Cyclops,  and  Hydra  anchored  to 
the  northward,  close  to  the  castle.  A  peremptory  summons 
was  then  despatched  to  the  governor  of  Sidon,  with  which 
he  refused  compliance  ;  and  at  about  noon  the  squadron 
opened  fire.  For  nearly  an  hour  the  cannonade  was  con- 
tinued without  making  much  visible  impression  ;  but  at 
lh.  p.m.  a  breach  was  effected  in  the  sea-wall  of  the  fort,  and 
at  nearly  the  same  time  one  of  the  tremendous  concentrated 
broadsides  of  the  Thunderer  swept  in  the  whole  side  of  the 
outer  barrack  square.  What  with  the  smoke  of  the  guns 
and  dust  of  crumbling  walls,  the  movements  of  the  troops 


1840.]  STORMING    OF   SIDON.  533 

within  could  not  for  a  time  be  ascertained,  but  the  signal 
was  made  by  the  commodore  for  the  Turkish  troops,  pre- 
viously assembled  alongside  the  Cyclops,  to  land.  Imme- 
diately the  boats  of  the  different  ships  containing  the  Turk- 
ish soldiers,  commanded  by  Colonel  Laue  (a  Prussian  officer 
in  the  service  of  the  Porte),  and  accompanied  by  Rear- 
Admiral  Walker  Bey  and  Captain  Austin,  quitted  the 
Cyclops,  and  pulled  steadily  towards  the  shore.  Before 
a  man  could  land,  a  heavy  fire  of  musketry  was  opened  upon 
the  boats  from  the  barracks  and  different  buildings,  which 
was  responded  to  by  the  carronades  in  the  British  boats. 
The  landing  was  effected  with  some  loss,  and  the  castle  was 
taken  possession  of. 

Commander  Mansel,  of  the  Wasp,  was  now  directed  to 
land  the  marines,  brought  out  by  the  Stromboli,  under  Cap- 
tain Whylock  and  Lieutenants  Alexander  Anderson  and 
Charles  F.  Hockin,  on  the  south-west  side  of  the  town,  which 
was  done  with  gallantry  and  skill.  These  were  accompanied 
by  about  twenty  of  the  Stromboli's  seamen,  under  Lieutenant 
John  Russel  and  William  Chamberlayne  and  Henry  Warren, 
mates,  and  James  Hunt,  midshipman.  The  Austrian  marines 
also  landed  at  the  same  time.  The  first  battalion  of  marines 
was  next  landed  to  the  northward  of  the  town,  in  the 
Gorgon's  boats,  under  the  command  of  Captain  Morrison, 
headed  by  the  commodore,  accompanied  by  Captain  Hen- 
derson. 

The  signal  was  then  made  for  the  whole  to  move  forward 
simultaneously,  and  for  the  Turkish  troops  to  cross  the 
causeway,  or  bridge,  leading  from  the  castle  to  the  town  ;  a 
work  of  no  small  peril,  as  the  passage  was  defended  by  a  host 
of  men.  Walker  Bey,  Captain  Austin,  and  Arthur  Cum- 
ming,  mate  of  the  Cyclops,  at  this  juncture  gallantly  volun- 
teered to  head  the  Turks  in  their  advance,  and  the  latter, 
following  the  example  of  their  dashing  leaders,  under  the 
direction  of  Colonel  Laue,  moved  forward  at  a  quick  pace. 
The  marines  on  the  right  and  left  of  the  town  also  moved  on, 
and,  after  a  sharp  but  brief  struggle,  the  Egyptians  were 
driven  out  of  the  barrack  at  the  foot  of  the  bridge,  and  re- 
treated up  the  narrow  arched  streets.  A  large  house  situated 
near  the  barrack  still  held  out,  and  a  party  of  Egyptians 
continued  firing  on  the  assailants,  and  at  length,  headed  by 


534  STORMING    OF    SIDON.  [1840. 

Hassan  Bey,  the  gallant  leader  of  the  Egyptian  forces,  at- 
tempted a  sortie.  This  was  met  by  the  British  marines ; 
but  this  brave  man,  after  firing  three  times  upon  his  assailants, 
fell  with  three  musket-balls  in  his  body.  No  further  resist- 
ance was  offered  at  this  point,  and  1,800  Egyptians  laid  down 
their  arms,  and  were  immediately  marched  across  the  cause- 
way to  the  castle. 

In  the  meanwhile  the  Egyptians,  pursued  by  the  allies, 
retreated  along  the  streets  towards  the  citadel,  which  stood 
in  the  centre  of  the  town.  The  different  attacking  parties 
soon  became  further  subdivided,  and  the  conflict,  or  rather 
pursuit,  was  continued  by  each  through  most  of  the  streets  of 
the  city.  The  Egyptians  at  length  took  refuge  in  a  vaulted 
barrack,  in  which  were  found  upwards  of  1,000  men  lying 
ready  for  a  sortie,  should  occasion  offer,  or  to  throw  down 
their  arms  if  discovered  ;  and  the  latter  was  their  fate.  In 
five  hours  from  the  commencement  of  the  bombardment, 
Sidon  was  conquered.1 

Commodore  Napier  mentioned  his  companions  in  arms  in 
the  following  honourable  terms  : — "  I  have  much  reason  to 
be  satisfied  with  the  captains,  officers,  and  men  under  my 
orders  ;  all  showed  the  greatest  zeal ;  English,  Austrians, 
and  Turks  vied  with  each  other.  Commander  Mansel  is  an 
old  officer  well  deserving  of  promotion.  Messieurs  Maguire 
and  Price,  old  mates,  are  both  severely  wounded,  and  behaved 
most  gallantly,  as  did  Mr.  Cumming,  mate  of  the  Cyclops, 
whose  conduct  was  seen  by  Captain  Berkeley,  who  wrote  him 
a  strong  letter  on  the  occasion,  and  I  trust  their  lordships 
will  promote  him.  My  aide-de-camp,  Lieutenant  Stephen 
Bradley,  was  also  forward  on  all  occasions.  The  Archduke 
Frederick  placed  his  ship  well,  and  kept  up  an  excellent  fire. 
Walker  Bey,  Turkish  rear-admiral,  who  was  there  by  acci- 
dent, was  the  first  to  advance  along  the  causeway."  The 
eommodore  affixed  the  following  postscript  to  his  hastily- 

1  This  achievement — of  storming,  with  900  allies  and  500  Turks,  a 
town  protected  by  a  fort  and  citadel,  and  a  line  of  wall  defended  by 
2,700  men  (all  of  whom  were  taken  prisoners) — must  be  regarded  as  of 
no  mean  merit.  It  places  Commodore  Napier  in  a  highly  favourable 
point  of  view,  when  we  consider  how  compi-ehensive  and  correct  were 
the  views  which  actuated  his  conduct.  The  energy,  too,  with  which  he 
carried  out  the  enterprise  was  of  a  stamp  rarely  equalled. — Hunter. 


1840.]      BOATS  OF  HASTINGS  AND  EDINBURGH.        535 

written  letter  : — "  It  has  come  to  my  knowledge  that  there 
was  a  complete  race  between  Mr.  James  Hunt,  midshipman 
of  the  Stromboli,  and  Signor  Dominica  Chinca,  midshipman 
of  the  Austrian  frigate  Guerriera,  who  should  first  place  the 
colours  in  the  part  of  the  town  where  they  landed."  The 
effect  of  this  postscript  was  to  obtain  for  Mr.  Hunt,  by  an 
order  in  council  (he  not  having  served  his  time)  his  lieute- 
nant's commission  ;  but  the  credit  of first  planting  the  British 
colours  on  the  walls  of  Sidon  belonged  in  reality  to  First 
Lieutenant  Alexander  Anderson,  of  the  marines,  who  had 
some  time  previously  to  Mr.  Hunt  planted,  nearly  on  the 
same  spot,  a  union-jack,  which  he  soon  afterwards  removed 
to  a  higher  part  of  the  town. 

The  loss  sustained  by  the  allies  was  as  follows  :  Lieutenant 
of  marines  Charles  F.  Hockin  and  two  British  and  one 
Austrian  seamen  killed  ;  and  William  K.  O.  Price  (Revenge) 
and  Rochfort  Maguire  (Wasp),  mates,  and  John  Thompson, 
boatswain  (Cyclops),  five  seamen,  twelve  marines,  and  one 
Austrian  seaman,  wounded,  seven  of  whom  severely.  Total : 
four  killed  and  twenty-one  wounded.  Twelve  only  of  the 
Turkish  troops  were  wounded. 

On  the  2nd  of  October  a  gallant  exploit  was  performed  by 
Commander  Henry  J.  Worth  with  the  boats  of  the  Hastings 
and  Edinburgh.  Two  soldiers,  deserters  from  the  Egyptian 
forces  at  Beyrout,  arrived  on  board  the  Hastings,  and  gave 
information  that  the  sea  fort  contained  200  barrels  of  powder, 
to  which  a  train  had  been  laid  by  the  Egyptians,  across  a 
stone  bridge  communicating  with  the  town,  which  it  was 
their  intention  to  fire,  in  the  event  of  an  attack  being  made 
upon  it.  These  soldiers  offered  to  accompany  a  party  to 
sever  the  train,  and  to  point  out  where  the  powder  was  depo- 
sited. The  undertaking  presented  great  difficulties,  but 
which  were  apparently  so  many  inducements  to  make  the 
attempt.  Three  boats  of  the  Hastings  were  accordingly 
despatched  to  land  under  cover  of  the  guns  of  the  launch  and 
pinnace  of  the  Edinburgh  (in  which  were  Lieutenants  Wil- 
liam Clark  and  Henry  S.  Hawker),  Commander  Worth  being 
accompanied  in  his  enterprise  by  Lieutenant  Charles  F. 
Schomberg  and  Robert  Tench  Bedford,  mate.  In  order  to 
divert  the  enemy's  attention  from  the  boat  expedition,  the 
Edinburgh  and  Hastings  opened  fire  upon  the  batteries.     In 


536  DESTRUCTION   OF   A   POWDER-MAGAZINE.  [1840. 

the  meanwhile  the  party  landed,  and,  under  guidance  of  the 
deserters,  found  and  severed  the  train.  Scarcely  had  this 
been  effected,  when  the  train  was  fired  in  the  town.  The 
party  then  broke  into  the  fort,  and  succeeded  in  removing 
thirty-one  barrels  of  powder  to  the  boats,  and  in  throwing 
sixty  or  eighty  into  the  sea.  Numerous  troops  having  now 
assembled  near  the  castle,  Commander  Worth  determined  to 
retreat  to  the  boats  ;  but,  in  effecting  this,  Frederick  Lus- 
combe,  a  young  midshipman  of  much  promise,  was  killed  by 
the  fire  of  musketry  opened  upon  the  party,  and  three  men 
were  wounded,  one  dangerously. 

Captain  Henderson  being  desirous  of  disconnecting  the 
bridge  which,  led  from  the  above-mentioned  castle  to  the 
town,  conceiving  it  might  be  of  service  in  the  event  of  an 
attack  being  made  upon  it,  the  ships  opened  fire  upon  the 
bridge,  but  finding  that  it  would  occupy  much  time,  and  as 
it  was  in  the  first  place  desirable  to  remove  the  powder 
which  still  remained  in  the  castle,  Commander  Francis  D. 
Hastings,  of  the  Edinburgh,  undertook  to  remove  it,  he  being 
accompanied  by  Commander  Worth,  who  gallantly  volun- 
teered his  services  on  the  occasion.  In  the  Edinburgh's  boats 
were  Lieutenants  William  Clark  and  Graham  Ogle,  Charles 
S.  Norman,  mate,  and  W.  G.  Herbert,  H.  Boys,  and  —  Owen, 
midshipmen  ;  and  in  those  of  the  Hastings,  were  Lieutenant 
John  Morshead,  and  Robert  T.  Bedford,  James  S.  Davison, 
and  Charles  F.  Chimmo,  mates.  The  boats,  on  the  afternoon 
of  the  5th  of  October,  pushed  off  under  an  admirable  fire 
from  the  two  ships,  and  effected  an  entrance  to  the  castle 
through  a  hole  on  the  east  side,  notwithstanding  a  tremendous 
fire  of  musketry  from  the  walls  of  another  fort  to  the  east- 
ward. Under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Campbell,  boatswain  of 
the  Edinburgh,  a  great  deal  more  powder  was  thrown  over- 
board ;  but  the  night  closing  in,  Captain  Henderson  made 
the  signal  of  recall,  and  the  boats  returned  to  the  ships,  after 
an  absence  of  forty  minutes,  leaving  only  a  small  quantity  in 
the  magazine.  The  same  night  the  Egyptians  blew  up  the 
castle.  The  above  services  were  highly  creditable  to  all  con- 
cerned ;  and  the  latter  exploit  was  attended  with  no  loss, 
and  only  one  marine  of  the  party  was  wounded. 

On  the  9th  of  October,  the  result  of  a  successful  attack 
made   by  the  Turkish  troops,  by  Commodore  Napier,  upon 


1840.]         ATTACK  ON  ST.  JEAN  d'aCRE.  537 

the  troops  of  Ibrahim  Pacha,  occupying  the  mountains 
near  Beyrout,  the  town  was  evacuated ;  and  on  the  same 
day  2,000  Egyptians  delivered  themselves  up  as  prisoners  of 
war.  In  the  course  of  a  few  days,  Tripoli,  Tortosa,  and 
Latakia  were  evacuated  by  the  Egyptians,  and  taken  posses- 
sion of  by  the  country  people  well  disposed  towards  the 
Sultan.  Thus  the  whole  line  of  Syrian  coast,  with  the 
exception  of  the  fortifications  and  town  of  St.  Jean  d'Acre, 
had  fallen  ;  and  this,  the  strongest  and  best-prepared  de- 
fence of  Mehemet  Ali,  had  soon  also  to  succumb  to  British 
prowess. 

To  undertake  the  reduction  of  this  fortress,  however,  was 
a  matter  requiring  deliberation.  The  season  of  the  year  was 
unpropitious,  for  at  about  this  time  the  Syrian  coast  is  visited 
by  heavy  gales  from  the  north-west.  A  French  squadron  also 
was  known  to  be  jealously  watching  the  progress  of  the 
British.  Commodore  Napier  and  Rear- Admiral  Walker 
Bey,  notwithstanding,  strongly  urged  the  attempt  to  be  made 
immediately,  but  Sir  Robert  Stopford  demurred.  Colonel 
Sir  Charles  Smith,  commander-in-chief  of  the  forces,  also 
was  not  over  sanguine  as  to  what  the  result  of  an  attack 
would  be  in  a  military  point  of  view  ;  and  under  all  the. cir- 
cumstances, further  proceedings  would  have  been  stayed,  but 
for  the  arrival  of  despatches  from  England. 

In  acknowledging  the  receipt  of  the  foreign  secretary's 
letter,  received  on  the  27th  of  October,  Sir  Robert  Stopford 
gives  an  idea  of  its  contents  when  he  says,  he  is  therein 
directed  "  to  make,  under  certain  circumstances,  an  attack 
upon  the  fortress  of  St.  Jean  dAcre."  What  these  "certain 
circumstances  "  were,  however,  is  not  expressed  ;  but  want- 
ing only  some  plausible  cover  for  undertaking  the  risk,  the 
admiral  gladly  availed  himself  of  Lord  Palmerston's  letter, 
and  gave  instant  orders  for  the  attack.  Lord  Palmerston's 
despatch  was  dated  October  the  5th,  and  before  one  month 
had  elapsed,  Acre  had  fallen. 

As  a  preliminary  step,  the  Turkish  rear-admiral  proceeded 
under  the  walls  of  Acre  in  his  ship,  to  demand  the  surrender 
of  the  fortress,  but  without  success  ;  and  on  the  morning 
of  the  31st  of  October,  the  force  destined  for  the  attack  got 
underweigh  from  Beyrout,  having  on  board  3,000  Turkish 
troops.    The  squadron  was  composed  of  the  following  British 


538  SUKVEY    OF   THE   SHOALS.  [1840. 

ships,  commanded  as  before  stated.1  Princess  Charlotte, 
Powerful,  Bellerophon,  Revenge,  Thunderer,  Edinburgh, 
Benbow,  Castor,  Carysfort,  Gorgon,  Vesuvius,  Stromboli, 
Phoenix  :  Austrian  frigates,  Medea,  Rear-Admiral  Bandiera, 
and  Guerriera,  under  the  command  of  his  Imperial  Highness 
tlae  Archduke  Frederick  :  Arabian  corvette,  Lipsia  ;  and 
Turkish  74-gun  ship  Mookad-dimoy-i-hire,2  bearing  the  flag 
of  Walker  Bey. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  2nd  of  November,  the  expedition 
reached  the  bay,  and  anchored  about  two  miles  off  the  town, 
where  the  Pique,  Talbot,  Wasp,  and  Hazard  had  been  lying 
for  some  days.  At  a  council  of  war  held  the  same  night,  it 
was  determined  that  the  bombardment  should  take  place  on 
the  succeeding  day  at  as  early  an  hour  as  the  wind  would 
permit.  The  task  of  sounding  and  buoying  off  the  channels 
leading  to  the  batteries  had  been  performed  with  much  skill 
by  the  masters  of  the  Talbot  and  Pique  (George  Biddlecombe 
and  J.  C.  Barlow),  under  the  orders  of  Captains  Boxer  and 
Codrington  ;  and  to  this  preliminary,  which  will  be  hereafter 
noticed,  the  comparative  impunity  with  which  the  squadron 
escaped  was  chiefly  owing.  The  night  preceding  the  attack 
was  also  employed  by  many  officers  in  perfecting  their  know- 
ledge of  the  different  localities  of  the  shoals ;  and  in  parti- 
cular the  master  of  the  Edinburgh,  John  Davies,  whose  ship 
was  ordered  to  attack  the  south  side,  sounded  to  within 
musket-shot  of  the  batteries,  from  which  his  boat  was  twice 
fired  at.  Various  arrangements  were  made  as  to  the  different 
positions  which  the  ships  should  respectively  occupy,  but 
many  of  the  plans  were  defeated,  and  we  think  it  will  save 
both  the  reader's  time  and  patience,  if  we  point  out  at  once 
the  precise  spot  which  each  ship  did  in  fact  occupy  on  the 
eventful  day.  The  plan  with  which  we  now  present  our 
readers  is  from  actual  measurement,  and  the  positions  of 
the  different  ships  are  also  equally  correct,  they  being 
determined  by  angles  taken  by  Mr.  Davies,  master  of  the 
Edinburgh. 

1  See  page  524. 

2  Mr.  Hunter,  in  his  lively  description  of  this  ship,  rentiers  this  un- 
pronounceable name  "the  days  of  yore,"  or  " la  felicite  des  jours  passes." 


1840.] 


PLAN*   OF   ATTACK. 


39 


fr 


^      » 


-«#=> 


a  Pique 
6  Bellerophon 
c  Thunderer 
c?  Pss.  Charlotte 
e  Powerful 
/  Revenge 


gr  Lipsia  (Arab) 
h  Medea  (Aust.) 
i   Guerriera  (do.) 
h  Talbot 
I   Carysfort 
m  Castor 


71  Hazard 

o   Edinburgh 

p  Benbow 

q  Wasp 

r  Turkish  Adml. 

s  Gorgon,  st. 


t   Phoenix,  st.  v. 
jt  Stromboli,  st.  v. 
v  Vesuvius 
w  A  cutter 


AAA  Stone  wall  about  25  feet  in  height.  B  Ancient  mole,  destroyed. 
CC  Small  forts  abandoned  and  ruined.  DDDD  Batteries  on  the  land  side 
attempted  by  the  French  in  1799.  EE  Works  besieged  by  Ibrahim 
Pacha  in  1831  and  1832.  fff  Covered  way.  ggg  Unfinished  out- 
works. H  Gate  of  Customs,  kk  Khans.  L  Citadel.  M  Mosque, 
o  Palace.  The  deep  parts  inside  the  wall  ee  show  the  damage  occa- 
sioned by  the  explosion  of  the  magazine. 


^40  BOMBARDMENT    OF   ACRE.  [1840. 

Ill  order  the  better  to  observe  the  proceedings  of  the 
attacking  ships,  which  were  by  the  nature  of  the  service 
separated,  the  admiral,  accompanied  by  Sir  Charles  Smith 
embarked  on  board  the  Phoenix,  leaving  Commodore  Napier 
to  conduct  the  division  appointed  to  act  against  the  western 
or  strongest  side. 

_  At  9k.  30m.  a.m.  tke  signal  was  made  to  weigh,  but  the 
light  southerly  breeze  prevented  the  squadron  from  approach- 
ing the  batteries.     At  a  little  before  lh.  p.m.,  however,  the 
sea  breeze  set  in,  and  the  whole  bore  up  nearly  before  it 
The    Powerful,   closely  followed  by  the  Princess  Charlotte', 
Ihunderer,  and  Bellerophon,  stood  to  the  northward    and 
then  steered  for  the  batteries.     The  positions  taken  up  by 
the  ships  of  this  division,  were  to  a  great  degree  faulty;  since 
a  large  proportion  of  the  enemy's  forts  were  left  unengaged, 
and  the  fire  of  the  northernmost  ships  rendered  compara- 
tively ineffective.     The  cause  of  this  error,  as  nearly  as  we 
can  learn,  was  as  follows  :— The  plan  laid  down  for  the  attack 
was  formed  upon  the  supposition  that  the  ships  would  enter 
by  the  soutlwm  passage;  but  the  change  of  wind  at  lh  pm 
rendering  this   impracticable  with  the  line-of-battle   ships 
the  original  design  was  given  up,  and  the  squadron  obliged 
to  round    the    northern   end   of  the    shoal,    and  enter  the 
channel  in  the  opposite  direction.     Had  the  ships  entered  as 
proposed,  the  Powerful  was   to    have    brought    up  abreast 
the  southern  angle  of  the  west  front,  and  the  other  ships 
were  to  have  passed  on  the  outside,  and  anchored  to  the 
northward.   The  commodore  finding  the  necessity  of  deviating 
from  tne  course  originally  laid  down,  made  the  signal  that 
'he  intended  attacking  north  batteries  ;"  meaning,  no  doubt 
that  the  ships  astern  should  pass  on  and  anchor  to  the  south- 
ward  of  him  ;  in  fact,  intending  only  that  the  original  Hne 
should  be  reversed  ;  but  this  intention  not  beincr  properly 
understood,  the  Princess  Charlotte  and  other  ships,  as  soon 
as  the  Powerful  had  anchored,  brought  up  astern,  and  to  the 
northward  of  her,  as  had  been  before  agreed  upon.     The 
consequence  was,  that  these  ships  generally  were  from  800 
to  1,000  yards  too  far  to  the  northward. 

At  2h.  17m.,  just  as  Commodore  Napier's  division  had 
anchored  and  opened  fire  upon  the  western  line  of  batteries, 
the  Castor  and  Talbot  gallantly  leading  the  division  (con- 


1840.]  BOMBARDMENT  OF  ACRE.  541 

sistmg  of  the  Edinburgh,  Benbow,  Carysfort,  Hazard,  and 
Wasp),  appointed  to  act  against  the  southern  face,  dropped 
anchor  in  less  than  four  fathoms  water,  within  about  700 
yards  of  the  fort,  and  opened  a  spirited  fire,  while  the 
remaining  ships  passed  on  to  take  their  stations.  The  Edin- 
burgh at  the  same  time  commenced  firing  ;  and  having 
cleared  the  Castor,  reopened  a  heavy  fire,  and  dropped  a  stern 
anchor  close  upon  that  frigate's  starboard  bow.  The  remain- 
ing ships  (including  also  the  Turkish  admiral,  which  anchored 
to  the  eastward,  and  the  Austrian  ships,  which  brought  up 
to  the  westward)  anchored  as  most  convenient  by  the  head 
or  stern,  and  at  about  2h.  30m.  the  action  had  become 
general.  The  admiral  observing  the  vacant  space  ahead  of 
the  Powerful,  at  about  3h.  p.m.  directed  the  Revenge  (which 
ship  had  been  ordered  to  keep  underweigh  as  a  reserve)  to 
proceed  and  take  it  up  ;  and  in  a  short  time  this  ship  was 
admirably  placed  ahead  of  the  commodore.  The  Pique 
anchored  to  the  northward  of  the  whole. 

"  Soon,"  wrote  Mr.  Hunter,  "  observation  was  confounded 
by  the  continuous  roar  of  cannon,  and  by  the  masses  of 
smoke,  which  in  many-piled  wreaths  began  to  envelope  as 
well  the  ships  as  the  fortress.  When  the  smoke  at  short 
intervals  cleared  away,  we  got  a  glimpse  of  one  or  more  of 
the  embrasures  ;  but,  for  the  most  part,  the  only  object  seen 
to  mark  their  locality  was  the  blaze  of  lurid  fire  issuing  from 
the  pieces  at  the  moment  of  discharge."  Thus  affairs  con- 
tinued till  a  little  past  4h.  p.m.,  when  the  whole  fortress  was 
illumined  with  an  intense  blaze  of  light,  which  was  as 
suddenly  succeeded  by  a  dense  cloud  of  smoke,  dust,  bursting 
shells,  and  large  fragments  of  stone,  &c.  The  principal  maga- 
zine, supposed  to  have  contained  some  thousands  of  barrels 
of  powder,  had  exploded  ;  believed  to  have  been  the  effect 
of  a  shell  thrown  by  one  of  the  steam-ships.  The  cannonade, 
which  for  a  second  had  been  stayed,  was  succeeded  by  a  loud 
and  long  cheer,  which  resounded  from  ship  to  ship,  and  the 
firing  was  resumed,  and  continued  till  near  sunset,  when  not 
more  than  twenty  guns  in  the  batteries  remaining  undisabled, 
the  admiral  made  the  signal  to  "cease  firing."  Each  ship 
accordingly  left  off  action,  but  continued  at  anchor,  ready  to 
renew  it  at  a  moment's  notice  ;  but  this  was  unnecessary,  for 
never  was  a  place  more  completely  torn  to  pieces. 


542  KILLED    AND    WOUNDED.  [1840. 

To  describe  a  tenth  part  of  the  devastating  effects  of  the 
British  fire,  and  of  the  explosion,  would  be  vain  :  embrasures 
were  beaten  into  one,  and  the  parapets  throughout  so  much 
damaged  as  to  be  nearly  useless;  guns,  some  split  from  breech 
to  muzzle,  were  thrown  from  their  carriages  to  inconceivable 
distances,  and  others  rendered  perfectly  unserviceable.  "  By 
the  explosion,  two  entire  regiments,  formed  in  position  on  the 
ramparts,  were  annihilated,  and  every  creature  within  the 
area  of  6,000  yards  ceased  to  exist ;  the  loss  of  life  bein» 
variously  computed  from  1,200  to  2,000  persons."1 

The  losses  of  the  allies  were  as  follow :  Princess  Charlotte  : 
one  seaman  killed.  Powerful :  three  seamen  and  one  ma- 
rine wounded  ;  one  of  the  former  severely.  Revenge  : 
two  killed,  and  three  seamen  (severely)  and  one  marine 
slightly  wounded.  Edinburgh  :  two  seamen  and  two  ma- 
rines killed,  and  Commander  Hastings,  John  Davies,  master, 
Joseph  Plimsoll,  assistant  surgeon,  and  Henry  Boys,  mid- 
shipman, one  seaman,  one  sergeant  of  marines,  and  one  boy 
wounded.2  Castor:  four  seamen  killed,  and  four  seamen 
(one  severely)  and  three  marines  (two  severely)  wounded. 
Talbot :  Lieutenant  Bulkeley  G.  Le  Mesurier  (mortally), 
Henry  Haswell,  mate  (slightly),  and  one  seaman  severely 
woimded.  Wasp  :  five  seamen  (severely)  and  one  marine 
wounded.  Hazard  :  one  marine  and  one  boy  wounded. 
Turkish  Admiral  :  four  men  killed,  and  three  wounded! 
Medea  (Rear-Admiral  Bandiera's  flag-ship)  :  one  killed,  and 
four  wounded  ;  and  Guerriera,  one  killed,  and  two  wounded. 
Bellerophon,  Thunderer,  Benbow,  Pique,  and  Carysfort,  as 
well  as  all  the  steam-ships,  escaped  without  loss.  Total : 
British  loss,  twelve  killed,  thirty-two  woimded;  Austrian, 
two  killed,  and  six  wounded ;  and  Turkish,  four  killed,  aDd 
three  wounded  :  making  in  all  eighteen  killed  and  forty-one 
wounded.  The  Powerful  was  the  only  ship  which  had  a 
spar  shot  away,  and  she  lost  her  main-topgallant-mast. 

The  cause  of  this  escape  from  loss  has  been  thus  accounted 
for.  When  the  task  of  buoying-off  the  shoal  along  which 
the  ships  were  to  pass  was  being  performed,  the  Egyptians 

1  Colonel  Sir  Charles  Smith's  despatch. 

2  This  loss  was  principally  occasioned  by  a  shell  which  pitched  upon 
one  of  the  quarter-deck  guns,  and  exploded  as  the  ship  was  running 
down  to  take  up  her  position  under  the  batteries. 


1840.]  enemy's  losses.  543 

believed  the  boats  to  be  laying  down  the  positions  which 
the  ships  of  the  squadron  were  to  occupy,  and  laid  their 
guns  accordingly.  The  carnages  being  then  raised  to  the 
desired  range  by  planks  and  sand-bags,  and  the  embrasures 
blocked  up,  it  was  impossible  to  train  the  guns  either  to  the 
right  or  left.  But  as  all  the  ships  anchored  at  some  distance 
inside  the  buoys,  the  shot  from  the  batteries  flew  harmlessly 
over  them,  merely  cutting  away  rigging  and  sails,  &c.  After 
the  firing  had  commenced,  the  smoke  prevented  the  Egyp- 
tians from  discovering  the  effects  of  their  firing,  and  the 
torrent  of  shot,  which  speedily  removed  the  sand -bags  from 
the  embrasures  and  came  pouring  through  them,  rendered  it 
utterly  impossible  to  remedy  the  defect,  even  had  the  error 
become  known.  Had  the  ships  anchored  farther  out  than 
they  did,  the  loss  of  life  must  have  been  severe  ;  for  the 
water  at  a  few  dozen  yards  outside  the  ships,  where  the  shot 
and  shell  pitched,  was  observed  in  a  perfect  foam. 

On  the  sea-batteries  of  Acre  147  guns  had  been  mounted, 
besides  five  13-inch  mortars  and  many  others  ;  the  place  had 
ammunition  enough  for  a  ten  years'  war,  and  was  abun- 
dantly victualled  and  stored  for  a  long  siege.  The  garrison 
at  the  commencement  of  the  bombardment  is  supposed  to 
have  consisted  of  4,500  men,  exclusive  of  800  cavalry  posted 
outside  the  town.  The  total  number  killed  and  wounded 
cannot  be  correctly  ascertained ;  but  it  is  probable  that  the 
number  stated  in  the  extract  given  from  Colonel  Smith's 
letter  includes  all  that  fell  on  this,  to  them,  disastrous  day. 
The  prisoners  amounted  to  3,000.  On  the  following  morning 
the  strong  fortress  of  the  East  was  taken  possession  of,  and 
all  the  troops  under  Sir  Charles  Smith  were  landed,  and 
took  up  their  quarters  in  the  town. 

On  the  6th,  a  second  explosion  of  shells*  took  place  in 
the  ruins  of  the  magazine  in  which  a  party  of  men  were  at 
work,  by  which  one  of  the  Benbow's  marines  was  killed, 
Captain  Collier  had  his  leg  broken,  and  many  others  were 
seriously  injured. 

In  concluding  his  official  account  of  the  fall  of  St.  Jean 
d'Acre,  Sir  Robert  Stopford  bore  testimony  to  the  exertions 
of  those  under  his  orders.  "  When  I  see,"  he  wrote,  "  the 
effects  of  our  fire  upon  so  formidable  a  fortress,  I  cannot 
help  feeling  the  greatest  obligation  to  every  officer  and  man 


544  REWARDS    AND   DISTINCTIONS.  [1840. 

engaged  in  this  enterprise.  The  cool,  steady,  and  beautiful 
style  in  which  the  ships  and  vessels,  through  shoals  and 
banks,  came  into  their  positions,  and  the  noble  spirit  that 
animated  the  whole,  in  the  destructive  fire  opened  and 
maintained  against  a  very  smart  return  from  the  forts  and 
batteries,  were  most  gratifying,  and  drew  forth  my  admira- 
tion, being  enabled  from  the  steamer  to  observe  the  simul- 
taneous attack  upon  both  faces ;  but  where  all  were  animated 
with  the  same  spirit,  and  each  did  his  duty  to  my  heart's 
content,  it  cannot  be  possible  for  me  to  single  out  cases  of 
individual  merit.  I  may  be  allowed  to  observe,  however, 
that  in  confiding  to  Captain  Fanshawe,  my  flag-captain  (who 
had  been  of  great  service  to  me  in  the  previous  details  and 
arrangements  on  this  and  former  occasions  during  the  expe- 
dition), the  charge  of  conducting  my  flag-ship,  while  it 
behoved  me  to  survey  and  direct  the  whole,  he  most  ably 
fulfilled  his  trust."  Lieutenant  "William  F.  Glanville,  the 
admiral's  flag-lieutenant,  was  also  alluded  to  in  terms  of 
great  praise ;  and  the  captains,  officers,  and  crews  were 
especially  thanked  by  the  admiral  for  the  assistance  each 
ship  had  respectively  rendered. 

The  rewards  merited  by  these  important  services  were 
not  withheld.  Sir  Robert  Stopford  had  already  attained  all 
the  military  distinctions  which  could  be  bestowed.  The 
admiral,  however,  received  the  thanks  of  both  Houses 
of  Parliament,  and  the  freedom  of  the  city  of  London, 
in  an  elegantly-carved  oaken  box.  The  sultan  trans- 
mitted a  letter  of  thanks,  the  imperial  nishdn  of  honour  and 
merit,  and  a  sword,  the  handle  of  which  was  studded  with 
jewels.  The  Austrian,  Prussian,  and  Russian  emperors  also 
conferred  marks  of  distinction  upon  the  gallant  admiral. 
Commodore  Napier  was  advanced  to  be  Knight  Commander 
of  the  Bath ;  and  the  captains  present  at  the  bombardment 
of  Acre,  not  previously  so  decorated,  including  Captains 
Fanshawe,  Austen,  Waldegrave,  Berkeley,  W.  W.  Hender- 
son, Stewart,  Collier,  Boxer,  Martin,  Codrington,  W. 
H.  Henderson,  and  Austin,  were  made  companions  of  the 
order.  Ten  commanders  received  a  step,  and  twenty-three 
lieutenants,  and  about  fifty  mates  were  promoted,  most  of 
whom  have  been  named  in  the  foregoing  pages.  Vice- 
Admiral  Walker  Bey  was  aj>pointed  an  Honorary  Knight 


1840.]  GRANT  OF  MEDALS.  545 

Commander  of  the  Bath.  Sir  Charles  Felix  Smith  and  the 
land  forces  also  received  the'  thanks  of  Parliament,  as  did 
also  the  officers  and  ships'  companies  of  the  squadron.  The 
Sultan  subsequently  bestowed  diamond-hilted  swords  upon 
the  captains  engaged  on  the  coast  of  Syria,  and  at  Alex- 
andria ;  and  medals  of  gold,  silver,  and  copper,  for  the 
captains,  officers,  seamen,  and  marines,  were  also  conferred. 
The  naval  medal  has  lately  been  added  to  the  distinctions 
gained  on  this  occasion. 


vol.  it.  2  N 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


Aalbers,  Capt.  ii.  172 
Abbot,  Capt.  E.I.C.S.  i.  332 
Abdy,  W.  Lt.  i.  211 
Abell,  VV.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  495 
Abercromby,  Gen.  Sir  R.  i.  450,  516 : 

22 
Abercromby,  Gen.  ii.  345 
Ableson,  J.  Capt.  i.  50 
Ache  d',  Capt.  1.  153,  190,  202 
A'Court,  E.  H.  Mid.  ii.  74 
Acklom,  G.  Lt.  i.  471  ;  ii.  145 
Acton,  E.  Capt.  i.  116 
Acton,  E.  Mid.  ii.  160 
Adair,  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  131,  133,  134 
Adair,  J.  Mid.  ii.  359 
Adair,  T.  Mid.  ii.  225 
Adair,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  166 
Adair,  W.  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  527 
Adam,  C.  Capt.  ii.  57 
Adam,  C.  Mid.  ii.  237,  2/8 
Adams,  A.  Purs.  i.  452 
Adams,  C.  Lt.  ii.  166 
Adams,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  65 
Adams,  T.  Capr.  i.  50 
Adamson,  W.  Bo.  ii.  144 
Addie,  J.  Mid.  ii.  327 
Adlam,  W.  Capt,  R.M.  i.  332 
Adye,  J.  Sec.  i.  483 
Affleck,  E.  Capt.  i.  297,  343 
Affleck,  W.  Capt.  i.  272,  301 
Aga,  Soliman,  Lt.-Col.  i.  511 
Aikenhead,  J.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Airey,  J.  Mast.  ii.  )6o 
Airey,  J.  Mid.  i.  463 
Aitchison,  E.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Albemarle,  Duke  of  (Monk;,  i.  57,  60, 
Albemarle,  Earl  of,  i.  222 
Albert,  Marquis  d',  i.  167 
Albini,  Philippe  d',  i.  6 
Aldham,  G.  Purs.  ii.  429 
Aldred,  J.  Capt.  i.  126 
Aldwinkle,  Lt.  ii.  335 
Alexander,  C.  Capt.  i.  241 
Alexander,  J.  Mid.  ii.  195 
Alexander,  T.  Com.  ii.  479,  481,  485 
Allemand,  Adm.  i.  68,  83,  92 
Allemand,  Capt.  i.  376,  524  ;  ii.  117,  2 
Allen,  Lt.  ii.  302 
Allen,  B.  Capt.  i.  112 
Allen,  C.  Ens.  ii.  324 
Allen,  C.  Lt.  ii.  290 


Allen,  J.  Mid.  i.  376 
Allen,  Sir  T.  Capt.  i.  53,  6l,  62,  60 
Allen,  J.  C.  Capt.  i.  264 
Allen,  S.  Lt.  ii.  324 
Allen,  W.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  144 
Allen,  W.  H.  Capt.  ii.  436 
Alleson,  J.  Capt.  i.  57 
Alleyn,  R.  I.  Lt.  ii.  161 
Allward,  Mast.  ii.  54 
Alms,  G.  Lieut,  i.  329 
Alms,  J.  Capt.  i.  326 
Alms,  J.  Capr.  i.  422 
Ambrose,  J.  Capt.  i.  147,  150 
Amherst,  Gen.  i.  193 
Amherst,  J.  Capt.  i.  172 
Ancaster,  Duke  of,  i.  256 
Anderson,  A.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  533 
Anderson,  G.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  237,  278,  296 
Anderson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  1/8,  346,  378- 
Andrrson,  J.  Mid.  ii.  34 
Anderson,  L.  Mid.  i.  483 
Andrew,  J.  W.  Com.  ii.  386 
Andrews,  Adj.  ii.  454 
Andrews,  F.  Mid.  ii.  224 
Andrews,  G.  Lt.  i.  382 
Andrews,  G.  Mast.  i.  370 
Andrews,  H.  Mast.  ii.  226 
Andrews,  J.  Cajt.  i.  1 75 
Andrews,  J.  Mid.  ii.  331 
Andrews,  J.  H.  Mid.  ii.  511 
Andrews,  \V.  Mid.  ii.  168 
Angas,  J.  Surg.  ii.  296 
Angle,  Sir  G.  d',  i.  16 
Annesley,  C.  Lt.  i.  373 
Annesley,  F.  C.  Lt.  ii.  367 
64      Anson,  G.  (Lord  Anson)  Com.  i.  148,  159, 
161 
An*on,  Hon.  W.  Com.  ii.  516 
Anthony,  C.  Com.  ii.  460 
Antrim,  G.  Mid.  i.  483 
Appleton,  T.  Comm.  i.  40,  41,  44 
Appleton,  T.  Lieut.  R.M.  ii.  99 
Appling,  Maj.  ii.  46l 
Apthorp,  C.  Capt.  ii.  22 
Arbuthnot,  Hon.  J.  Lt.  ii.  338,  465 
Arbuthnot,  M.  V.-Adm.  i.  282,  310 
Archbold,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  70 
Archer,  J.  Lt.  ii.  446 
Archer,  W.  Mid.  ii.  434 
Arden,  S.  Lt.  i.  315 
Ardesoife,  J.  P.  Capt.  i.  321 

2  n2 


548 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Argles,  G.  Lt.  i.  469;  »•  U 

Armstead,  J.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Arms'rong,  Lf.  i.  334 

Arnold,  Gen.  i.  233 

Arnold,  J.  Lt.  ii.  389 

Arscott,  J.  Mate,  ii.  135,  225 

Arscott,  T.  Lt.  ii.  91,  170 

Arthur,  R.  Com.  ii.  308 

Artois,  Robert  d',  i. 

Atundel,  Earl  of,  i.  16,  17 

Arundel,  Sir  J.  i.  9 

Ashbridge,  R.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  38/ 

Ashby,  A.  Capt.  i.  61 

Ashby,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  78,  79,  85 

Ashmore.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  98,  220 

Ashton,  H.  Mid.  i*.  338 

Asiinhurst,  J.  Mid.  i.  467 

Atcherly,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  136 

Atcheson,  A.  Com.  ii.  362 

Atchison,  A.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Athill,  J.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Atkin,  J.  Lt.  334 

Atkins,  C.  Capt.  i.  235 

Atkins,  C.  E.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  282 

Atkins,  D.  Capt.  ii.  312 

Atkinson,  T.  Mast.  i.  512 

Auckland,  Mid.  ii.  22 

Aulnoy,  Comte  d',  Capt.  i.  91 

Austen,  C.  J.  Capt.  ii.  524,  544 

Austen,  F.  W.  Com.  ii.  3 

Austen,  S.  Mid.  ii.  46 

Austin,  Bo.  i.  483 

Austin,  H.  T.  Capt.  ii.  525,  526,  533,  544 

Auvergne.  P.  d\  Lt.  i.  251 

Ayaldi,  Capt.  Don,  i.  434 

Aylmer,  Adm.  i.  125 

Aylmer,  Hon.  Capt.  F.  W.  ii.  504 

Aylmer,  G.  Capt.  i.  78 

Ayscough,  J.  Caut.  ii.  184,  313,  317 

Avscue,  Adm.  Sir  G.  i.  39,  53,  59 

Ayton,  G.  H.  Mid.  ii.  224,  387 

Bachford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  143 

Backhouse,  Mast.  i.  343 

Bacon,  Capt.  R.M.  i.  419 

Bacon,  P.  Capt.  i.  60 

Badcock,  W.  S.  Com.  ii.  476 

Badeley,  or  Bodley.  Coram,  i.  40,  44,  50 

Bahuchet,  Sir  N.  i.  8.  10,  12 

Baile,  G.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  246 

Bailey,  J.  P.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Baillie,  E.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  300 

Baillie,  T.  Lt.  i.  180 

Bainbridge,  J.  Mast.  ii.  457 

Bainbridge,  W.  Com.  ii.  411 

Bainbridge,  W.  Lt.  i.  525 

Baird,  I).  Mid.  ii.  221 

Baird,  P.  Capt.  i.  206 

Baird,  Sir  W.  Capt.  i.  201 

Baird,  W.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Baker,  F.  Vol.  ii.  410 

Baker,  H.  Lt.' ii.  35 

Baker,  H.  L.  Lt.  ii.  196,  357,  433,  481 

Baker,  J.  Capt.  i.  105,  109,  130 

Baker,  J.  Capt.  i.  199 


Baker,  J.  Com.  ii.  6,  284,  355 

Baker,  P.  H.  Lt.  ii.  163,  164,  184 

Baker,  R.  H.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Baker,  T.  Capt.  ii.  11,  113,  149 

Balchen,  J.  Capt.  i.  118,  123 

Balchild,  C.  E.  Lt.  R.M. A.  ii.  195 

Balderston,  G.  Lt.  i.  513 

Baldock,  Lt.  i.  241 

Baldwin,  A.  Lt.  ii.  245,  500 

Baldwin,  J.  Lt.  ii.  359 

Balfour,  G.  Com.  i.  1 93 

Balfour,  W.  Mid.  i.  449  ;  ii.  99 

Balgonie,  Lord,  Lt.  ii.  300 

Ball,  Capt.  i.  44 

Ball,  A.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  126 

Ball,  A.  J.  Capt.  i.  483 

Ball,  H.  L.  Capt.  i.  503 

Ballard,  S.  J.  Capt.  i.  470  :  ii.  55,  306 

Ballard,  V.  V.  Capt.  ii.  305 

Ballingall,  C.  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  9 

Bamborough,  J.  Mast.  i.  401 

Bancquert,  Adm.  i.  6l.  67,  70 

Bandiera,  R.-Adm.  ii.  525,  528,  538 

Banks,  J.  Lt.  ii.  392,  446 

Bannatyne,  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  308 

Bannister,  G.  i.  489 

Bant,  T.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Barbenoire,  Adm.  i    10 

Barber,  D.  Lt.  ii.  82 

Barber,  J.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Barbor,  R.  Capt.  i.  337 

Barclay,  A.  Mast.  ii.  13 

Barclay,  J.  Mid.  ii.  68 

Barclay,  R.  H.  Com.  ii.  438 

Barker,  Capt.  i.  44 

Barker,  J.  Capt.  i.  198 

Barker,  J.  Lt.  i.  426 

Barling,  H.  i.  414 

Barlow,  J.C.  Mast.  ii.  538 

Barlow,  R.  Com.  i.  359,  465;  ii.  25 

Barnard,  E.  Capt.  ii.  525 

Barnes,  J.  Mid.  ii.  367 

Barney,  J.  Com.  ii.  473,  476 

Baron,  J.  Lt.  i.  189 

Barradell,  B.  Capt.  i.  159 

Barras,  M.  De,  i.  323 

Barre,  De  la,  Com.  i.  63 

Barret,  A.  Lt.  i.  334 

Barrett,  J.  Capt.  ii.  251,  292 

Barrette,  G    W.  Lt.  ii.  434 

Barrie,  R.  Lt.  ii.  22,  351,  468,  473 

Barrington,    Hon.    Capt.    S.   i.    166,   193, 

197,  274 
Barron,  Com.  ii.  198 
Bartlett,  Mast.  ii.  499 
Barton,  Mr  A.  i.  20 
Barton,  J.  C.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Barton,  R.  Capt.  i.  434  ;  ii.  116 
Barton,  J.  T.  Purs.  ii.  463 
Barry,  Capt.  i.  315 
Barry,  E.  Mid.  ii.  237 
Bart,  J.  du,  Adm.  i.  94 
Bartholomew,  C.  Lt.  i.  334 
Bartholomew,  D.  Com.  ii.  479,  483,  485 
Barwell,  N.  Mid.  ii.  369 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


549 


Basham,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  456 

Bashford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  292 

Bassano,  Don  A.  i.  33 

Bastin,  lt.  Lt.  ii.  172 

Bastin,  T.  Purs.  ii.  228 

Bateman,  N.  Capt.i.  302 

Bates,  J.J.  Lt.  ii.  418 

Bates,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  329 

Bathurst,  W.  Capt.  ii.  223,  516,  518 

Batten,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  i   428  ;  ii.  285 

Batten,  J.  Mid.  ii.  222 

Battersby,  H.  R.  Lt.  ii.  286,  291 

Baudin,  Capt.  i.  350  ;  ii.  107,  299 

Baudin,  Lt.  ii.  170,  394 

Baugh,  H.  Lt.  ii.  228 

Baumgardt,  W.  A.  Lt.  ii.  319 

Bawden,  J.  Capt.  ii.  35 

Baxter,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  510 

Ba\ley,  Mid.i.  514 

Bayley,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  184 

Bayne,  W.  Capt.  i.  339,  343 

Bavntun,  H.  W.  Capt.  ii.  65,  121,  137 

Bazeley,  H.  Com.  ii.  1 

Bazeley.  J.  Lt.  i.  247 

Beach,  R.  Com.  i.  66 

Beale,  J.  Mi<1.  i.  420 

Beasley,  F.  Mid.  ii.  152 

Beatty,  Dr.  Surg.  ii.  139 

Beatty,  D.  M'N.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Beatty,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  508,  512  ;  ii.  74 

Beauclerk,  Lord  A.  Capt.  i.  140,  142 

Beauclerk,  Lord  A.  Capt.  i.  430 

Beaudoin,  Capt.  ii.  66 

Beaufort.  F.  Lt.  ii.  16 

Beauhonnoir,  Comte  de,  i.  195 

Beaumont,  Vicomte  de,  i.  268 

Beaver,  J.  Mast.  ii.  399 

Beaver,  P.  Capt.  ii.  7,  281 

Beazeley,  G.  Mid.  ii.  224 

Beckwith,  Lt.-Gen.  ii.  263,  310 

Bedford,  Duke  of,  i.  19 

Bedford,  F.  Mid.  i.  472 

Bedford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Bedford,  R.  T.  Mate,  ii.  535,  536 

Bedford,  W.  Capt.  i.  417 

Bedingfield,  J.  W.  Mid,  ii.  87 

Beever,  A.  Mid.  ii.  418 

Begbie,  J.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Belches,  P.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  414 

Belchier,  N.  Lt.  i.  513;  ii.  302 

Bell,  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  518 

Bell,  C.  Lt.  it.  184,  344 

Bell,  C.  J.  Lt.  ii.  473 

Bell,  H.  Mast.  ii.  228,  327 

Bell,  J.  Mast.  ii.  99 

Bell,  J.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Bell,  M.  Mateui.  334 

Bellair,  M.  de.  i.  212 

Bellairs,  E.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Bellamy,  J.  Com.  ii.  390 

Bellamy,  J.  Lt.  ii.  38 

Bellay.M.  du,  i.  25 

Benbow,  J.  Com.  i.  87,  90,  97,  99 

Bennet,  W.  Lt.  ii.  234 

Bennett,  C.  Lt.  ii.  126 


Bennett,  J.  Com.  ii.  249 

Bennett,  Hon.  J.  A.  Mid.  i.  400 

Bennett,  T.  Lt.  ii  241 

Benson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Bentham,  C.  Mid.  ii.  369 

Bentham,  G.  Lt.  ii.  288,  343,  487,  504 

Bentinck,  W.  Capt.  i.  385 

Bentlev,'J.  Capt.  i    203 

Benyon,  B.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  464 

Berard,  Capt.  ii.  230 

Berengaria,  Queen,  i.  2 

Beresford,  Maj-Gen.  ii.  216 

Beresford,  J.  P.  Capt.  i.  413,  433;  ii.  105, 

265,  408 
]  Bergeret,  Capt.  i.  427  ;  ii-  97 
Berkeley,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  G.  i.  150 
Berkeley.  Hon.  Capt.  G.  i.  396 
Berkeley,  Lord  J.  Adm.  i.  90,  92 
Berkeley,  M.  F.  F.  Capt.  ii.  525,  532,544 
Berkeley,  V.  C.  Capt.  i.  452 
Berkeley,  Sir  W.  R.  Adm.  i.  58 
Bernard.  Bishop  of  Bayonne,  i.  1 
Berry,  Mid.  ii.  57 
Berry,  E.  Capt.  i.  446,   481,  487,  488;  ii. 

3,  5,  21,  121 
Berry,  J.  Lt.  ii.  144 
Berry,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  71 
Bertie,  V.  Adm.  ii.  344 
Best,  J.  Lt.  i.  125 
Best,  R.  Mate,  ii.  45 
Bett,  W.  Lt.  i.  275 

Bettesworth,  G.  E.  B.  Lt.  ii.  77,  96,  231 
Bettson,  N.  Mid.  i.  483 
Bevan,  R.  Lt.  i.  399 
Beverley,  T.  Capt.  i.  131 
Bevians,  W.  Lt.  i.  449 
Bevis,  J.  Lt.  ii.  362 
Bickertm,  Sir  R.  Com.  i.  353 
Biddle,  Capt.  ii.  496. 
Biddle,  N.  Capt.  i.  229,  250 
Biddlecombe,  G.  Mast.  ii.  538 
Bigot,  G.  Lt.  i.  472 
Biggs,  S.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  343 
Bingham,  A.  B.  Com.  ii.  364 
Birch,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  1/5 
Bishop,  G.  Lt.  ii.  420 
Bissell,  A.  Com.  ii.  65,  67,  113 
Bissell,  W.  Lt.  ii.  268 
Bissett,  A.  Lt.  ii.  242 
Bissett,  J.  P.  Lt^R.M.  ii.  511 
Black,  J.  Com.  ii.  416,  423 
Black,  J.  Lt.  ii.  144,  145,  290 
Blaculer,  S.  Lt.  ii.  337 
Blackler,  T.  Lt.  ii.  335 
Blackmore,  Mid.  it.  300 
Blackstone,  T.  Mid.  ii.  171 
Blackwood,    H.   Capt.   i.   473;    ii.  3,  121, 

122,  141,  191 
Blair,  H.  Mid.  ii.  358 
Blair,  W.  Capt.  i.  343 
Blake,  G.  C.  Lt.  ii.  1 77 
Blake,  R.  Adm.  &  Gen.  i.  39,  41,  43,  49, 

50,  52 
Blake,  R.  Capt.  i.  50 
Blakeley,  J.  Capt.  ii.  462,  465 


550 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Blakeney,  Gen.  i.  172 

Blakeney,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  262 

Blanch,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  471 

Bland,  L.  O.  Lt.  i.  452,  486 

Blankett,  J.  Capt.  i.  425 

Blanquet,  R.  Adm.  i.  484 

Bligh,  F.  Lt.  ii.  188 

Bligh,  G.  M.  Capt.  ii.  143,  382 

Bligh,  J.  Lt.  i.  316  :  ii.  66,  274 

Bligh,  R.  R.  Capt.  i.  405 

Bligh,  W.  Capt.  i.  458 

Blois,  Charles  of,  i.  13 

Blow,  J.  A.  Lt.  ii.  5,  234 

Bluett,  B.  S.  Lt.  ii.  84 

Blyth,  S.  Lt.  ii.  374,  437 

Blythe,  J.  Mid.  i.  469 

Boades,  M.  De,  i.  315 

Boardman,  R.  B.  Lt.  ii.  358 

Boardinan,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  295 

Bocanegra,  A.  i.  16 

Bodie,  J.  ii.  200 

Bodley  (or  Badelev),  Com.  i.  40,  44 

B  'ger,  C.  Lt.  ii.  15 

Boger,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  224 

Bogue,  J.  Purs.  ii.  418 

Boileau,  L.  F.  ii.  103 

Boisbertelot,  M.  i.  210 

Bokenham,  R.  Capt.  i.  104 

Bokenham,  W.  Capt.  1.  101 

Bolton,  Mr.  i.  485 

Bolton,  H.  Mid.  ii.  387 

Bolton,  W.  Com.  i.  517;  "•  186 

Bolton,  W.  Mid.  i.  408 

Bompart,  J.  Capt.  i.  364,  491 

Bonaparte,  Gen.  i.  510  ;  ii.  379,  500,  501 

Bond,  J.  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  49s 

Bond,  R.  Mid.  ii.  180 

Bones,  R.  Lt.  ii.  291 

Bones,  W.  Lt.  ii.  282 

Bonnaire,  Lt.  ii.  59 

Boorder,  J.  Com.  i.  515 

Booth,  W.  Capt.  i.  75,  76 

Borda,  Chev.  de,  i.  350 

Boscawen,  Hon.  Capt.  E.  i.  141,  142,  160, 

178,  193,  200 
Bosec,  Capt.  le,  i.  517 
Botetourt,  Sir  J.  i.  7 
Botham,  J.  Lt.  i.  241 
Botham,  W.  Capt.  i.  80 
Bouchetierre,  Chev.  de,  i.  320 
Bougainville,  R.  Adm.  i.  258 
Bougainville,  Capt.  le  Baron,  ii.  446 
Boulogne,  Earl  of,  i.  5 
Boulton,  J.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Bounton,  J.  Lt.  ii.  115 
Bourchier,  H.  Lt.  ii.  103,  355,  376 
Bourchier,  J.  Lt.  i.  245,  347,  348 
Bourde,  Capt.  i.  471 
Bourayne,  Com.  ii.  249 
Bourdonnais,  M.  la,  i.  158 
Bourmaster,  Lt.  i.  227 
Bourne,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  303 
Bourne,  E.  Mid.  ii.  93 
Bourne,  N.  Capt.  i.  38 
Bourne,  S.  Capt.  i.  128 


Bouvet,  Adm.  i.  438 

Bouvet,  Capt.  ii.  331,  417 

Bouvet,  L.  i.  525 

Bouverie,  Hon.  Capt.  D.  P.  ii.  393 

Bover,  J.  Com.  i.  184 

Bowdens,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  275 

Bowen,  Mast.  i.  392,  403 

Bowen,  G.  Lt.  i.  43S 

Bowen,  J.  Capt.  i.  502 

Bowen,  J.  Lt.  ii.  65 

Bowen,  R.  Capt.  i.  434,  435,  451,  455 

Bowen,  R.  C.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Bowen,  W.  Lt.  ii   99 

Bovvers,  Capt.  ii.  306. 

Bowes,  W.  J.  Mid.ii.  35 

Bowker,  J.  Lt.  i.  469 

Bowyer,  Gen.  ii.  216 

Bowyer,  G.  R.-Adm.  i.  397,  403 

Boxer,  E.  Lt.  ii.  300,  525,  538,  544 

Boxer,  J.  Mid.  i.  512;  ii.  81,  195,381,300 

Boyce,  C.  Lt.  ii.  499 

Bovcot,  C  Ens.  i.  396 

Boyd,  G.  Mid.  i.  363 

Boyd,  W.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  74 

Boyer,  J.  Mid.  i.  506 

Bo'vle,  Mr.  i.  57 

Boyle,  C.  Mid.  183 

Boyle,  Hon.  R.  i.  57 

Boyle,  Hon.  Capt.  R.  i.  215 

Boyles,  C.  Capt.  i.  384  ;  ii.  103 

Boys,  H.  Mid.  ii.  536,  542 

Boys,  T.  Mid.  i.  401 

Boyter,  A.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 

Brabant,  Duke  of,  i.  9 

Brace,  E.  Com.  i.  493  ;  ii.  233,  502 

Brarkel,  Com.  i.  54,  68,  80 

Bradford,  J.  Mid.  ii.  432 

Bradley,  J.  Lt.  ii.  366 

Bradley,  R.  Lt.  i.  276 

Bradley,  S.  Lt.  ii.  534      ' 

Bradley,  W.  Capt.  i.  385 

Bradley,  W.  Lt.  ii.  300 

Brady,  W.  H,  Mid.  ii.  300 

Bradshaw,  Capt.  i.  34 

Brainier,  D.  Com.  ii.  379,  390,  465 

Braithwaite,  R.  Capt.  i.  255 

Braithwaite,  W.  Lt.  ii.  72 

Bramble,  R.  Lt.  i.  131 

Brand,  G.  R.  Lt.  ii.  91 

Brand,  W.  A.  Lt.  ii.  420 

Brandon,  Sir  C.  i.  21 

Brasier,  J.  Lt.  ii.  177 

Brattle,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  252,  321 

Braund,  T.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Bray,  J.  Carp.  i.  509 

Brav,  J.  Com.  i.  186 

Bray,  J.  Lt.  ii.  23,  144 

Bray,  S.  Gun.  ii.  309 

Bremer,  J.  J.  G.  Com.  ii.  442 

Brenton,  E.  P.  Com.  ii.  257 

Brenton,  J.  Com.  i.  518;    ii.  41,  49,  65, 

199,  200,  2S2,  301,  317 
Brett,  J.  Capt.  i.  156 
Brett,  J.  Mast.  ii.  166 
Brett,  P.  Capt.  i.  154 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


551 


Brereton,  W.  Capt.  i.  191,  203 

Brewster,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  165 

Briarly,  A.  Mast.  ii.  37 

Brice,"\V.  A.  Lt.  i.  343 

Bridge,  P.  Bo.  ii.  5 

Bridgeman,  Purs.  ii.  48/ 

Bridges,  G.  F.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Bridges,  P.  H.  Mid.  ii.  65 

Bridges,  S.  Capt.  i.  119 

Bridport,  Lord.     See  Hood,  A. 

Briggs,  J.  Lt.  i.  499 

Briargs,  T.  Capt.  ii.  184 

Brigstock,  J.  R.  Mid.  ii.  453 

Brine,  J.  Capt.  i.  321 

Brisac,  G.  Com.  i.  3t)0 

Brisbane,  C.  Lt.  i.  382;  ii.  50.  1"4,  186 

Brisbane,  J.  Capt.  i.  243,  250,  256,  412  ; 

ii.  28,  262,  314.  358,  444,  504,  512 
Brisbane,  J.  J.  Mid.  ii.  299 
Bristow,  W.  Mid.  ii.  56 
Broderick,  R.-Adra.  i.  189,  199 
Broderick,  T.  Lt.  i.  138 
Brodie,  D.  Capt.  i.  162 
Brodie,  T.  C.  Lt.  1.  512 
Broke,  P.  B.  V.  Capt.  ii,  255,  424 
Brokensbaw,  L.  Mast.  ii.  144 
Brooke,  Col.  ii.  434 
Brooks,  E.  F.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Brooks,  J.  Bo.  i.  462  ;  ii.  14  3 
Browell,  W.  Capt.  i.  417 
Brown,  Lt.  ii.46l 
Brown,  A.  Mid.  i.  483 
Brown,  C.  Com.  i.  137 
Brown,  D.  Purs.  ii.  434 
Brown,  J.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Brown,  J.  Lt.  ii.  256 
Brown,  J.  Mast.  i.  499 
Brown,  N.  Gun.  i.  274 
Brown,  P.  Lt.  ii.  324 
Brown,  P.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Brown,  W.  Lt.  i.  343 
Brown,  \V.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  294 
Brown,  W.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Brown,  W.  Mid.  ii.  414 
Brown,  W.  Sea.  i.  424 
Browne,  H.  Lt.  ii.  320 
Browne,  R.  ii.  144 
Browne,  W.  Mast.  i.  157 
Brownell,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  294 
Bruce,  C.  Mid.  ii.  321 
Bruce,  1).  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 
Bruce,  W.  H.  Lt.  ii.  328,  395 
Brueys,  Adm.  i.  480 
Brunet,  C.  Lt.  ii.  107 
Brush,  O.  Lt   ii.  328 
Bryant,  E.  Mid.  ii.  259 
Buchan,  E.  W.  Lt.  ii.  441 
Burhan,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 
Buchanan,  A.  Lt.  ii.  323 
Buchanan,  W.  Lt.  ii.  398 
Buckle,  M.  Capr.  i.  166 
Buckle,  T.  U.  ii.  418 
Buckley,  W.  Mast.  ii.  6 
Bucknor,  C.  Capt.  i.  337 
Buckoll,  R.  Lt.  i.  414 


Bucq,  Sir  J.  de,  i.  17 

Buddin,  W.  Mid.  ii.  178 

Bulford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  410,  449 

Bulger,  J.  Lt.  ii.  467 

Bulkeley,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  452 

Bulkeley,  R.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Bullen,  C.  Lt.  i.  463  ;  ii,  121 

Bullen,  J.  Capt.  i.  382 

Bullen,  J.  Com.  i.  429 

Bullen,  J.  Mid.  ii.  160 

Buller,  W.  Lt.  i.  397 

Bully,  G.  Mid.  i.  483  ;  ii.  144 

Bulteel,  R.  Capt.  ii.  12 

Bunbury,  R.  H.  Mid.  ii.  521 

Bunce,  B.  Lt.  K.M.  ii.  501 

Bunce,  J.  B.  Lt.  i.  305 

Bunting,  W.  Mid.  i.  294 

Burdett,  G.  Lt.  i.  449  ;  ii.  389,  419 

Burdon,  G.  Com.  i.  26l 

Burdwood,  D.  Lt.  i.  452 

Burgess,  Sea.  i.  363 

Burgess,  R.  R.  Lt.  i.  350,  463 

Burgess,  S.  Lt.  ii.  55,  506,  511 

Burgh,  Hubert  de,  i.  5 

Burke,  H.  Lt.  ii.  8,  13,  68 

Burke,  M.  Mid.  ii.  414 

Burke,  W.  Lt.  ii.  52 

Burlton,   G.   Capt.   i.    408;    ii,  444,    450, 

490 
Burnaby,  Sir  W.  Capt.  i.  263 
Burnet,  J.  Com.  i.  182 
Burnett,  R.  Carp.  ii.  175 
Burney,  J.  Capt.  i.  356 
Burns,  J.  Com.  ii.  23 
Burns,  J.  Lt.  ii.  294,  315,  331,  335 
Burr,  E.  Bo.  ii.  35 
Burr,  J.  Capt.  i.  242 
Burroughs,  C.  Lt.  i.  462 
Burrowes.  A.  S.  Capt.  ii.  180 
Burrows,  W.  Lt.  ii.  437 
Burslem,  F.  Capt.  i.  217 
Burstal,  R.  Mast.  ii.  71 
Burton,  C.  Lt.  R  M.  ii.  508 
Burton,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  300,  422 
Burt,  G.  Mid.  ii.  337 
Bush,  G.  Lt.  ii.  20 
Bushby,  J.  Lt.  i.  452,  507,  508 
Busigny,  S.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  143 
Bussell,  C.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Bustamente,  Adm.  ii.  90 
Butchart,  J.  Ca~pt.  i.  354 
Buthane,  C.  Vol.  ii.  3^3 
Butler,  J.  E.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  365 
Butler,  J.  O'B.  Mid.  ii.  237 
Butt,  H.  S.  Com.  ii.  10 
Butterfield,  W.  Lt.  i.  470,  486 
Buttler,  W.  Mate,  ii.  526 
Buysker,  R.-Adm.  ii.  310 
Byard,  Sir  T.  Capt.  i.  458,  491 
Byng,  Adm.  Sir  G.  (Viscount  Torrington) 

i.   105,    1(18.    114,    130,  133 
Byng,  Hon.  H.  D.  Com.  ii.  432 
Byng,  Hon.  Adm.  J.  i.  170,  1/3,  175 
Byrn,  E.  Mi<^.  ii.  52 
Byrne,  H.  Capt.  i,  301 


552 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Bvron,  Hon.  Adm.  J.  i.  252,  2"2 
Byron,  R.  Capt.  ii.  327,  395,  419 

Cable,  T.  P.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Cade,  W.  Mast.  i.  343 

Cadman,  Capt.  i.  57 

Cadman,  G.  Lt   i.  345 

Cadogan,  Hon.  Capt.  G.  ii.  41 6 

Cadogan,  Hon.  T.  i.  271,  305 

Caiger,  H.  Lt.  ii.  232 

Caird,  D.  Mast.  i.  397 

Calder,  R.  <  apt.  i.  441  ;  ii.  108 

Caldwell,  Capr.  ii.  51<» 

Caldwell,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  275 

Caldwell,  B.  Capt.  i.  325 

Caldwell,  .1.  Mid.  ii.  7,  300 

Caley,  C.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Callemberg,  Adm.  i.  79,  100,  108 

Callenan,  J.  J.  Lt.  ii.  292 

Callis,  S.  Capt.  i.  198 

Callowhill,  J.  Lt.  i.  343 

Calthrop,  R.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Cameron,   H.  Com.  ii.  26l,  281,  299,   305, 

307 
Camin,  D.  Adj. -Gen.  i.  490 
Cammilieri,  J.  Mid.  ii.  36g 
Cammock,  G.  Capt.  i.  122 
Campbell,  Bo.  ii.  536 
Campbell,  Capt.  i.  441 
Campbell,  A.  Lieut,  ii.  367 
Campbell,  A.  Maj.  i.  313 
Campbell,  C.  Coin.  ii.  347 
Campbell,  C.  Lt.  ii.  217 
Campbell,  D.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  16,  300 
Campbell,  G.  A.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  196 
Campbell.  H.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Campbell,  J.  Capt.  i.  19i> 
Campbell,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  318 
Campbell,  J.  Lt.  i.  154 
Campbell,  J.  Lt.  ii.  110 
Campbell,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  328 
Campbell,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  441 
Campbell,  J.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Campbell,  J.  Sec.  i.  483 
Campbell,  J.  N.  Com.  ii.  521 
Campbell,  P.  C  »m.  ii.  9,  229,  389,  390 
Campbell,  R.  Capr.  ii.  222 
Campbell,  Lord  \V.  i.  237 
Campling,  Capt.  ii.  487 
Campling,  H.  Purs.  ii.  522 
Canning,  G.  Capt.  i.  75 
Canon,  A.  Capt.  i.  465 
Canty,  T.  Carp.  ii.  300 
Cape'l,  Hon.  Capt.T.  B.  i.  481;  ii.  121,455 
Carden,  J.  S.  Capt.  ii.  408 
Caraccioli,  Chev.  i.  409 
Carden,  P.  K.  Lt.  ii.  391 
Carden,  S.  Lt.  i.  496 
Carew,  Sir  G.  i.  24 
Carew,  T.  Lt.  ii.  324,  504 
Carew,  Sir  T.  i.  36 
Carey,  E.  Bo.  ii.  282 
Carey,  Sir  G.  i.  34 
Carey,  L.  Mid.  ii.  54 
Carey,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  302 


Carkett,  R.  Lt.  i.  188,  221,  302 

Carleton,  Gen.  i.  231 

Carlisle,  C.  Com.  i.  76 

Carmarthen,  Lord,  i.  90 

Came,  Capt.  Comte  de,  i.  200 

Carp,  Capt.  ii.  83 

Carpen  er,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  i.  367 

Carpenter,  J.  Capr.  ii.  5 

Carr,  R.  Lt.  ii.  :i02 

Carr,  W.  Lt.  ii.  77 

Carra,  J.  Mid.  i.  -.07 

Carringron,  Bo.  i.  449 

Carrinaton,  A.  (>.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  288,  290 

Carrington,  G.  Mid.  ii.  292 

Carroll,  W.  F.  Lt.  ii.  192 

Carteaux,  Gen.  i.  368 

Carter,  E.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  426 

Carter,  J.  Lt.  ii.  193 

Carter,  R.  Capt.  i.  71,  84 

Carter,  T.  C<pt.  R.M.  ii.  424,  469 

Carter,  W.  A.  Mid.  ii    511 

Carteret,  P.  Com.  i.  244  ;  ii.  379 

Carteret,  Sir  P.  i.  69 

Carthew,  J.  Com.  ii.  10 

Carthew,  W.  Capt.  i.  452 

Casabianca.  Com.  i.  480 

Cashman,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  242 

Casse,  Adm.  du,  i.  97,  119 

Cas>ell,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  462 

Castameta,  Don.  A.  i.  130,  132,  133 

Castle,  G.  Mid.  ii.  295 

Castle,  J.  Capt.  i.  113 

Caswell,  Mid.  i.  2ol 

Catford,  C.  Capt.  i.  172 

Catheart,  Gen.  Lord,  ii.  203 

Cathiart,  H.  Lt.  i.  482;  ii.  235 

Caulfield,  J.  Capt.  ii.  234 

Caulried,  J.  Lt.  i.  236,  299 

Cavendish,  P.  Com.  i.  135 

Cawdor,  Lord,  i.  450 

Cecil,  W.  Lt.  ii.  226 

Chacon,  V.-Adm.  i.  132 

Chads,  H.  D.  Lt.  ii.  329,  413,  414 

Chalard,  Marquis  du,  i.  91 

Chalmers,  J.  Mid.  ii.  292 

Chalmers,  W.  Mast.  ii.  143 

Chamberlayne,  C.  Capt.  i.  420 

Chamberlayne,   E.   H.   Capt.  ii.  357,368, 

369,  382 
Chamberlayne,  G.  Lt.  ii.  38 
Chamberlayne,  W.  Mate,  ii.  533 
Chambers,  Mr.  i.  237 
Chambers,  G.  F,t.  R.M.  i.  462 
Chambers,  J.  Vol.  ii.  521 
Chambers,  T.  Lt.  ii.  463 
Champain,  W.  Capt.  ii.  1)9 
Chapman,  C.  M.  Mid.  ii.  358 
Chapman,  E.  A.  Mid.  ii.  \4* 
Chapman,  H.  Lt.  i.  332 
Chapman,  J.  Bo.  i.  ;  94,  483 
Chapman,  J.  Mid.  i.  285 
Chapman,  P.  Lt.  i.  462 
Chappel,  J.  Capt.  i.  57 
Charbonnier,  Capt.  i.  413 
Charington,  N.  Capt.  i.  337 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


553 


Charles,  H.  Mid.  i.  419 

Cwlewood,  E.  P.  Lt.  ii.  529 

Chartres,  E.  A.  Lt    R.M.  ii.  358 

Chassin,  Capt.  i.  467 

Chatham,  Lt.-Gen.  Earl  of,  ii.  ?93 

Chatteru  n.  J.  Mid.  ii.  15 

Chauncev,  I.  Com.  ii.  434,  435 

Cheeseman.  R.  Lt.  ii.  15 

Cheesemore,  C.  Lt.  i.  153 

Cheshire,  C.  Mast.  i.  452 

Chetham.  E.  Lt.  ii.  13,  201,  504,  509 

Chetwvnd.  Hon.  Capt.  J.  W.  i.  356 

Crrchelv,  Sir  J.  i.  "1 

Child,  S.  Capt.  i.  340 

Chimley,  J.  Mid.  i.  462 

Chimmo,  C.  F.  Mate,  ii.  536 

Ch;nca,  D.  Mid.  ii.  535 

Christian,  H.  C.  Lt.  i.  237,  251,  256,  283 

Christie,  Lt.  ii.  18 

Christie,  A.  Capt.  i.  327 

Christie,  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  86 

Christie,  J.  Purs.  ii.  102 

Church,  Capt.  ii.  301 

Church,  C.  Bo.  ii.  35 

Chu.ch,  S.  G.  Capt.  i.  433 

Church.  T.  Lt.  ii.  50 

Cillar,  M    de  V.  i.  331 

Clares,  Mil.  i.  396 

Cland-re,  C.  Com.  ii.  262 

(  lark,  R.  Capt.  i.  119 

Clark,  W.  ('apt.  i.  433 

Clark,  W.  Lt.  ii.  535,  536 

Clarke,  A.  Gen.  i.  425 

Clarke,  C.  W.  Maj.  ii.  301 

Clarke,  J.  Bo.  ii.  143 

CUrke,  J.  Com.  i.  184 

Clarke,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  290 

Clarke,  P.  Com.  i.  219 

Clarke,  R.  W.  Lt.  ii.  17 

Clarke,  T.  Lt.  i.  406 

Clarke.  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  444 

Clay,  E.  S.  Lt.  i.  462 

Clayton,  S.  W.  Capt.  i.  250 

Clement,  Gen.  i.  506 

Cle>.  ent,  B.  Mid.  i.  462;  ii.  126 

Clements,  G.  Capt.  1.  116 

Clements,  J.  Capt.  i.  91 

Clements,  M.  Lt.  i.  182,  206 

Clements,  N.  B.  Lt.  ii.  26.J 

Clements.  W.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  152 

Clemons,  W.  Mid.  i.  397 

Clennan,  R.  Mast.  ii.  422 

Orphan,  R    Lt.  ii.  152,  201,  292 

Clerinj?,  J.  Mast.  ii.  401 

Cleve  and,  W.  Capt.  i.  95,  125 

Clewell,  J.  Lt.  ii.  143,  145,  208 

UifTWd,  A.  W.  J.  Lt.  ii.  300,  368 

Clifford,  N.  Lt.  i.  267 

Clinch,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  103,  104 

Clincn,  T.  Com.  ii.  398 

Clinton.  Gen.  i.  234,  275,  277,  280 

Clonard.  Chev.  de,  i.  308 

Clue,  Adm.  de  la.  i.  198,  199 

Cludstone,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  334 

Clyde,  C.  Lt.  ii.  17 


Coates.G.  L.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  312 

Cobb,  C.  Lt.  ii.  38f> 

Cobham,  I,ord,  i.  135 

Cobham,  N.  Capt.  i.  50 

Cochrane,  Lord,  Com.  ii    38,  40,  41,  266 

Cochrane,  Hon.  Lt.  A.  F.  i.  303 

Cochrane,  Hon.  Capt.  A.  I.  i.  413;  ii.  22, 

155,   165,    167,    189,  210,  263,  281,  310, 

473,  474,  484,  488 
Cochrane,  Hon.  M.  A.  Mid.  ii.  40 
Cochrane,  N.  D.  Com.  156 
Cochrane,  T.  Capt.  ii.  190,  263 
Cock,  VV.  B.  Lt.  ii.  391 
Cockburn,  G.  Capt.  i.  148 
Cockburn,  G.  Capt.  i.  427,  436,441;  ii. 

59,  420,  424,  4/3,  475,  478,  481,  484, 

501 
Cockburn,  J.  H.  Mate,  ii.  531 
Codrinnton,  E.  Capt.  ii.  121,  514,  518 
Codrington,   H.J.  Mid.  ii.  521,  525,538, 

544 
Coenders,  Adm.  i.  6l 
Cotih'an,  J.  Lt.  ii.  11,  100,  168 
Colby,   D.  Lt.  i.  492 
('olhy,  S.  Capt.  i    195,  198 
Colby,  T.  Lt.  ii.  193,  195 
Cole,  C.  Capt.  ii.  323,  443 
Cole,  E.  Lt.  ii.  222 
Cole,  F.  Capt.  i.  403,  426 
Cole,  G.  W.  Mid.  ii.  490 
Cole,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  394,  441 
Cole.  T.  Mid.  ii.  5,  74 

Cole,  W.  Mid.  ii.  510  » 

Colehy,  C.  Capt.  i.  141 
Colt-man,  J.  Mid.  i.  411 
Collard,  V.  Lt.  ii.  449 
Collet,  Capt.  ii.  500 
Collier,  E.  Com.  ii.  328,  4f0,  525,  530, 

543,  544 
Collier,  F.  A.  Mid.  ii.  5,  229,  256 
Collier,  Sir  G.  Capt.  i.  242,  244,  267,  275, 

278,  281,  313 
Collier,  G.   R.  Com.  ii.  59,  179,  207,  337, 

445 
Collier,  J.  Mid.  ii.  454 
Collingvvood,  C.  Capt.  i.  384;  ii.  118,  141, 

146,  148,  23^.  300 
Collingwood,  F.  Mid.  ii.  134 
Collinfrwood,  T.  Capt.  i.  272 
Collins,  F.  Lt.  ii.  23 
Collins,  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  368 
Collins,  J.  Capt.  i.  278,  350 
Collins,  J.  Lt.  i.  45* 
Collins,  J.  E.  Lt.  i.  483 
Collins,  M.  Mid.  ii.  46 
Collins,  M.  Sea.  ii.  44 
Collman,  J.  Purs,  ii    116,418 
Collman,  W.  Purs.  ii.  86,  256 
Colpoys,  J.  Arim.  i.  412 
CoUton,  S.  C'k.  ii.  5)0 
Columbine,  E.  H.  Capt.  ii.  291 
Colville,  Hon.  Capt.  J.  i   201 
Colwell,  D.  Schoolm   ii.  410 
Compton,  W.  Lt.  i.  427;  ii.  87 
Comyn,  M.  K.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  225 


554 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Coney,  W.  Capt.  i.  114,  117 

Congalton,  A.  Lt.  i.  251 

Congreve,  Mr.  ii.  266 

Conflans,  M.  de,  i.  153,  158 

Conn,  H.  Lt.  ii.  305 

Conn,  J.  Capt.  ii.  56.  121 

Connor,  R.  Mid.  ii.  89 

Connorton,  W.  Bo.  i.  162 

Conolly,  Capt.  i.  368 

Constable,  C.  Capt.  i.  127 

Constable,  J.  Capt.  i.  99 

Conyers,  Lt.  ii.  302 

Comers,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  269 

Coo'ban,  R.  B.  Lt.  ii.  10 

Coode,  J.  Capt.  ii.  456,  504,  510 

Cook,  Lt.  i.  218 

Cook,  F.  i.  447 

Cook,  H.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Cook.  J.  Capt.  i.  450 

Cook,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  375 

Cook,  S.  E.  Lt.  ii.  441 

Cook,  T.  Mas-t.  ii.  144 

Cook,  W.  J.  Capt.  h.  144 

Cooke,  E.  Lt.  i.  367,  504 

Cooke,  J.  Capt.  i.  452;  ii.  19,  121,  127 

Cooke,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  302 

Cookesley,  J.  Lt.  ii.  269 

Coombe,  W.  Lt.  ii.  189,  255 

Coote,  R.  Lt.  ii.  456 

Coote,  W.  Lt.  ii.  16 1,  188 

Coone,  F,  Mast.  i.  332 

Cooper,  Mast.  i.  343 

Cope,  W.  i.  30 

Coppin,  J.  Capt.  i.  60 

Corbett,  Capt.  ii.  338,  340 

Corbett,  R.  Capt.  ii.  297 

Corbyn,  E.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Corbyn,  J.  Lt.  ii.  58 

Cordier,  Capt.  ii.  77 

Cordova,  Adm.  Don  J.  i.  441,  451 

Corei,  Don  J.  ii.  20 

Cornack,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 

Corner,  C.  Mid.  ii.  160 

Corner,  R.  Lt.  ii.  85 

Cornahan,  H.  Mid.  ii.  428 

Corni.-h,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 

Cornish,  S.  Capt.  i.  147,  150,  222 

Cornwall,  Capt.  i.  151 

Cornwall,  F.  Lt.  i.    51 

Cornwall,  J.  Capt.  i.  136 

Cornwallis,    H.  n.  Capt.  W.  i.  240,  241, 

299,  337,  415;  ii.  50,  95 
Cortenaer,  Adm.  i.  56 
Cosby,  P.  Capt.  i.    64 
Costerton,  S.  Mid.  ii.  335 
Cotes,  J.  Capt.  i.  375 
Cotes,  T.  Capt.  i.  141,  143,  177,  179 
Cotesworth.  C.  Mid.  ii.  195 
Cotgrave,  I.  Capt.  ii.  56 
Cotten,  R.  Capt.  i.  1"2 
Cottineau,  N.  Capt.  i.  287 
Cottle,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  329 
Cottle,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  492 
Cotton,  A.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Cotton,  C.  Capt.  i.  301 


Cotton,  R.  Mast.  i.  152 
Couche,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  342 
Coudin,  J.  D.  Capt.  ii.  12 
Countess,  A.  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  309 
Countess,  G.  Capt.  i.  491 
Coulter,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  342 
Courcy,  Hon.  A.  de,  Mid,  ii.  101 
Courcy,  Hon.  Capt.  M.  de,  i.  490 
Court,  Adm.  de,  i.  150 
Courtenay,  F.  Capt.  i.  71 
Courtenav,  Robert  de,  i.  5 
Courtenay,  W.  A.  Capt.  i.  364 
Coutts,  D.  Mid.  i.  419 
Cow,  J.  Capt.  i.  109 
Cowan,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  37 
Coward,  Mate,  i.  285 
Cox,  F.  Lt.  i.  370 
Cox,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  69 
Cox,  O.  Capt.  i.  40 
Cox.  T.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  315,  335,  46l 
Coyle,  R.  Capt.  i.  TJ 
Crabb,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  368 
Cracraft,  W.  E.  Lt.  i.  398 
Craekneil,  J.  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  290 
Craddock,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  521 
Craig,  Maj.  i.  425 
Craur,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  163 
Craig,  R.  Capt.  i.  193 
Craigie,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  404 
Crandon,  B.  Mast.  ii.  291 
Cranston,  J.  Capt.  i.  297 
Cranstoun,  Capt.  Lord,  i.  415 
Crawford,  D.  Lt.  i.  283 
Crawford,  J.  Mast.  ii.  50 
Crawford,  J.  C.  Mid.  ii.  165 

Crawford,  M.  Mast.  i.  500 

Crawley,  G.  Com.  ii   301 

Crawlev,  J.  Carp.  ii.  278 

Crawley,  P.  A.  Mid.  ii.  455 

Creed,  Mast.  i.  307 

Creyk,  R.  Capt.  i.  276,  277,  278 

Crespin,  T.  Capt.  i.  3'  2 

Cresswell,  J.  f'apt.  R.M.  i.  483 

Cribhon,  T.  Mast.  i.  332 

Crocker,  J.  Mast.  ii.  394 

Crofton.  E.  Mid.  ii.  5i,  242 

Crotton,  E.  L.  Capt.  ii.  484 

Crofton.  Hon.  G.  A.  Lt.  ii.  104 

Crofts,  G.  Lt.  i.  308 

Crofts,  J.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Croker,  C.  Mid.  ii.  225,  359 

Croker,  W.  Lt.  ii.  192,  442 

Cromwell,  Oliver,  i.  43 

Crooke,  J.  Lt.  ii.  99,  256 

Cro-s.  J.  M.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Cross,  W.  Capt.  i.  Ill 

Crosse,  T.  Lt.  i.  153 

Crookshanks,  J.  Capt.  i.  166 

Crouch,  E.  T.  Lt.  ii.  255 

Crow,  J.  Capt.  i.  126 

Crowder,  W.  Mid.  ii.  338 

Crumpton,  G.  Lt.  ii.  353 

Crvmes,  G.  Lt.  i.  400 

Cull,  R.  Lt.  ii.  236 

Cull,  T.  Lt.  ii.  389 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


555 


Culverhouse,  J.  Lt.  i.  427,  436 
Cumberland,  Earl  of,  i.  33 
Cumby,  P.  Lt.  ii.  127 
Cumming,  A.  Mate,  ii.  533 
Cummings,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  292 
Cunningham,  A.  Com.  ii.  39'> 
Cunningham,  C.  Capt.  i.  516 
Cunningham,  G.  Capt.  i.  248 
Cunningham,  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  328 
Cunninsham,  J.  Lt.  i.  214 
Cunningham,  W.  Bo.  i.  332 
Cuppage,  W.  Mid.  ii.  444 
Curie,  J.  Lt.  ii.  431 
Curling,  E.  B.  Mid.  ii.  115 
Curry,  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  45 
Curry,  D.  Mid.  ii.  521,  531 
Curry,  K.  C.  Lt.  ii.  432 
Curtis,  Capt.  i.  376 
Curtis,  E.  Capt.  i.  50 
Curtis,  L.  Capt.  ii.  322,  333 
Curtis,  R.  C*pt.  i.  319,  384,  403 
Curtis,  T.  Mast.  ii.  241 
Curzon,  E.  Capt.  ii.  516 
Curzon,  Hon.  H.  Capt.  i.  415 
Cutfield,  W.  Mate,  ii.  143,  228 
Cuthbert,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  463 
Cuthbert,  R.  Lt.  i.  482 
Cuthbertson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  160 
Cuttance,  R.  Capt.  i.  50 
Cuttle,  Capt.  i.  57 

Dacres,  Lt.  i.  233,  260 

Dacres,  B.  Com.  ii.  39,  66 

Dacres,  J.  R.  Capt.  ii.  175,  183,  192,  195, 

402 
Dair,  Sergt.  R.M.  i.  488 
D'Alava,  V.-Adm.  ii.  120 
Dalhy,  Lt.  i.  318 
Dale,  Lt.  i.  292 
Dale,  J.  Mid.  i.  375 
Dalleny,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  295 
Dalling,  J.  W.  Capt.  ii.  525 
Dalrymple,  Mid.  i.  346 
Dalrymple,  Mid.  ii.  195 
Dalrymple,  H.  Capt.  i.  256 
Dalrymple,  J.  Capt.  i.  213 
Dalton,  T.  Mate,  i.  399 
Daly,  C.  F.  Mid.  ii.  154,  243 
Daly,  R.  Purs.  ii.  255 
Dalyell,  \V.  C.  C.  Mid.  ii.  71 
Damerell,  H.  Mast.  ii.  4 
Dance,  N.  Capt.  ii.  78 
Daniel,  R.  Bo.  i.  332 
Daniel,  W.  H.  Lt.  i.  373 
Daniel,  W.  W.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Daniel!,  R.  S.  Lt.  i.  483 
Darby,  Maj.  ii.  381 
Darbv,  V.-Adm.  i.  313 
Darby,  H.  d'E.  Capt.  i.  483 
D'Arcey,  E.  A.  Lt.  ii.  379 
Dare,  J.  Capt.  i.  60 
Daring,  Col.  ii.  325 
Darley,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  420 
Darling,  R.  Surg.  Mate,  ii.  18 
Dashwood,  C.  Capt.  ii.  54,  154 


Dashwood,  W.  B.  Lt.  ii.  384,  444,  505 

Daubeney,  E.  Mid.  ii.  34 

Davey,  F.  S.  Mid.  ii.  253 

Davidson,  Lt.  ii.  302 

Davidson,  J.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  343 

Davie,  J.  Mid.  i.  363 

Davies,  Capt.  i.  504 

Davies,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  329 

Davies,  D.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  414 

Davies,  G.  Mate,  ii.  6l 

Davies,  H.  T.  Com.  ii.  415 

Davies,  J.  Mast.  ii.  538,  542 

Davies,  L.  Com.  ii.  516,  525 

Davies,  S.  Lt.  ii.  343 

Davies,  \V.  Capt.  i.  142 

Davies,  W.  Mate,  i.  483 

Davis,  J.  Lt.  ii.  233 

Davis,  J.  Mast.  ii.  230 

Davis,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  222 

Davis,  W.  Lt.  R.M    ii.  442 

Davison,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  514 

Davison,  J.  8.  Mate,  ii.  536 

Davy,  J.  Mid.  ii.  301 

Dawes,  R.  Lt.  i.  400 

Daws,  T.  Mate,  ii.  152,  345 

Dawson,  G.  Lt.  244,  255,  257,  273,  320, : 

Dawson,  W.  Lt.  ii.  98,  219 

Day,  R.  J.  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  46 

Day,  T.  Lt.  i.  220 

Day,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  225 

Deacon,  H.  C.  Lt.  ii.  315,  332,  335 

Deacon,  R.  Lt.  i.  302 

Dean,  W.  Lt.  ii.  8 

Dean,  W.  Mid.  ii.  40 

Deane,  Gen.  i.  43,  45 

Deane,  Silas,  i.  260 

Death,  Capt.  i.  1/6 

De  Berry,  Capt.  ii.  460 

Debrisay,  T.  H.  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  365 

Decatur,  S.  Com.  ii.  394,  408,  491 

De  Caen,  Gen.  ii.  248 

De  Chari,  H.  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 

Decker,  W.  J.  Lt.  ii.  324 

Decres,  Adm.  ii.  4 

Deecker,  S.  B.  Lt.  ii.  251,  304 

Dehane,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  218 

Dehen,  Lt.  ii.  107- 

Delaval,  G.  R.-Adm.  i.  131 

Delaval,  Sir  R.  R.  Adm.  i.  79,  85 

Delamore,  J.  Scheolui.  ii.  521 

Delgarno,  A.  Capt.  i.  130  , 

De  Makau,  Lt.  ii.  366 

De  Mayne,  A.  Mast.  ii.  418 

Denian,  F.  A.  Capt.  i.  373 

Denis,  J.  S.  A.  Lt.  ii.  b8 

Denis,  P.  Capt.  i.  165,  192 

Dennis,  H.  Mid.  ii.  337 

Dennis,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 

Dent,  C.  C.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Dent,  D.  Capt.  i.  142 

Denton,  G.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Derby,  Earl  of,  i.  8,  10 

Derby,  E.  Mast.  i.  332 

De  Rigny,  R.  Adm.  ii.  514 

De  Rippe,  J.  Com.  ii.  359 


556 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Descorcher,  H.  Capt.  ii.  153 

Desforneaux,  Gen.  ii.  25 

Di-smontils,  Lt.  ii.  107 

Despenser,  Sir  H.  i.  18 

Dessalines,  Gen.  ii.  75 

De  Torres,  Lt.  ii.  213 

Devi.liers,  Col.  ii.  2'9 

Devon>hire,  Earl  of,  i.  17 

De  VVillets,  M.  Lt.  ii.  248 

Dick,  Adm.  i.  80 

Dick,  T.  Lt.  ii.  18 

Dickens,  G.  Com.  ii.  468 

Dickinson,  C.  Lt.  ii.  j82 

Dickinson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  321,  354,  4g6 

D  ckson,  Maj.  ii.  467 

D  ckson,  A.  Capt.  1.  28 1 

Dickson,  E.   S.   Lt.   i.   394,   470 ;    ii.  92 

5ii0 
Digby,  Capt.  i.  69 

Digby,  H.  Capt.  1.  515,  520;  ii.  121,  136 
Digoy,  R.  Capt.  i.  204 
Digges,  D.  Capt.  i.  217 
Dilkes,  C.  Capt.  ii.  432,  447 
Dilkes,  T.  Capt.  i.  89,  103,  108,  111,  117 
Dillon,  W.  H.  Mid.  i.  396;  ii.  222 
Diron,  D.  Capt.  ii.  181 
Diron,  D.  ii.  434 
Dismond,  J.  Mid.  i.  306 
Diamond,  W.  Mid.  i.  3  5 
Dix,  E.  Com.  ii.  305,  475,  509 
Dixon,  E.  S.  Capt.  ii.  455 
Dixon,  G.  Mid.  ii.  51  » 
Dixon,  J.  S.  Lt.  ii.  510 
Dixon,  M.  Capt.  i.  473;  ii.  3 
Dixon,  M.  H.  Lt.  ii.  262 
Dixon,  W.  Capt.  i.  301 
Dixon,  W.  H.  Com.  ii.  398 
Djezzar  Pasha,  i.  5un,  510 
Dohson,  C.  Mid.  i.  M2 
Dobson,  W.  H.  Mid.  ii.  467 
Dohbs,  A.  Lt.  ii.  389,  391,  460,  464 
Dobbs,  W.  Lt.  i.  362 
Dodd,  E.  Com.  i.  271 
Dolling,  W.  B.  Coin.  ii.  283 
Domett,  Capt.  ii.  27 
Domett,  W.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Donalan,  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  215 
Donaldson,  A.  Lt.  ii.  93 
Donckum.  Capt.  i.  4<0 
Donnel,  M.  Capt.  i.  212 
Donellan,  J.  Mid.  ii.  23 
Donnelly,  11.  Lt.  i.  402,  428 
Donop,  Col.  i.  240 
Donovan,  W.  Mast.  ii.  220,  252 
Dornford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  283 
Douglas,  Bo.  i.  395 
Douglas,  Capt.  i.  r>4 
Douglas,  Maj.  i.  508 
Douglas,  A.  S.  Capt.  i.  320,  384,  397 
Douglas,  B.  Lt.  i.  247 
Doug  as,  C.  Bo.  i.  414 
Douglas,  Sir  C.  Capt.  i.  264 
Douglas,  C.  Capt.  i.  331 
Douglas,  C.  Lt.  R.  M.  ii.  55 
Douglas,  Hon.  Capt.  G.  ii.  493 


Douglas,  H.  Bo.  ii.  369 

D»uglas,  J.  Lt.  i.  451 

Douglas,  J.  Lt.  i.  456 

Douglas,  J.  Mast.  ii.  249 

Douglas,  J.  Mid.  ii.  445 

Doug  as,  J.  E.  Capt.  ii.  177 

Douglas,  P.  H.  Lt.  ii.  6l 

Douglas.  P.  J.  Lt.  ii.  154 

D.uglas,  W.  H.  Lt.  i.  462 

Dover,  J.  Mid.  ii.  3-f0 

Dove,  F.  Capt.  i.  105 

Dow,  J.  Lt.  i.  356 

Dowers,  W.  Com.  ii.  305 

Down,  E.  A.  Mate,  i.  440;  ii.  2fil 

Downie,  G.  Lt.  ii.  1   3,  241,  4  1 5,  470,  471 

Downey,  G.  Mast.  ii.  375 

Downman,  H.  Com.  i.  468 

Downs,  P.  Mid.  i.  4  8 

Drake,  Sir  F.  i.  28,  32,  36 

Drake,  F.  Capt.  i.  131 

Drake,  F.  S.  Capt.  i.  321,  339,  343 

Drake,  J.  Lt.  ii.  519 
Draper.  Britr.-Gen.  i.  222 

Draveman,  G.  H.  Lt.  i.  428 

Drew,  J.  Lt.  i   332 

Dr<-w,  N.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  245 

Drummond,  Mr.  ii.  2rt 

D'ummond,  Lt.-Gen.  ii.  4^0,  464 

Drummond,  A.  Capt.  ii.  140 

Drummond,  P.  Mid.  ii.  490 

Drury,  A.  V.  Lt.  ii.  313 

Drury,  E.  O'B.  ii.  207 

Drury,  T.  Com.  i.  320;  ii.  323 

Drury,  W.  O'B.  Caot.  i.  374,  348 

Dubedal,  Capt.  i.  361 

Dubourdieu,  Com.  ii.  348 

Dubourg,  Capt.  ii.  377 

Du  Cane,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  225 

Duchatel,  Sir  W.  i.  18 

Duckworth,  J.  T.  Capt.  i.  385,  502;  ii.  5, 

19,  155,  161,  191 
Duclos,  Com.  ii.  1^6 
Dudgeon,  W.  Mid.  ii.  46 
Dudingstone,  W.  Lt.  i.  226 
Duff,  G.  Capt.  ii.  121,  126 
Duff,  N.  Mid.  ii.  369 
Duff,  R.  Capt.  i.    I91,  204 
Duffus,  Capt.  Lord.  i.  127 
Duffy,  P.  Bo.  ii.  179 
Duke,  W.  Lt.  ii.  1*4 
Dumanoir,  Adm.  ii.  46,  120,  149,  152 
Dumaresq,  P.  Com.  ii.  79 
Dumaresq,  T.  Lt.  i.  211 
Dunbar,  Capt.  i.  90 
Dunbar,  Mast.  i.  308 
Duncan,  A.  Capt.  (Lord  Duncan)  i.  298, 

458,  464,  516 
Duncan,  C.  Capt.  ii.  47 
Duncan,  G.  i.  253 
Duncan,  G.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  344 
Duncan,  H.  Capt.  i.  241 
Duncan,  Hon.  Capt.   H.  ii.  210,  236,  278, 

282,  296,  380,  391 
Dundas,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 
Dundas,  Maj. -Gen.  i.  381 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


557 


Dundas,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  H.  ii.  41,  44,  47, 

235 
Dundas,  G.  Lt.  i.  34  i;  ii.  66 
Dundas,  P.  Lt.  ii.  301 
Dundas,  T.  Capt.  ii.  121,  265 
Dunderdale,  J.  Mid.  ii.  >00 
Dunlop,  R.  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  3/2,  456 
Dunn,  D.  Lt.  ii.  M53,  525 
Dunn,  J.  Clk    ii.  430 
Dunn,  M.  Mast.  i.  463 
Dunn,  N.  J.  C.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Dunn,  P.  Lt.  ii.  301 
Dunn,  R.  D.  Capt.  ii.  342 
Duodo,  Capt.  ii.  353 
Du  Pin,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  522 
D'Urban,  J.  G.  Lt.  ii.  521 
Dureil,  P.  Capt.  i.  14/ 
Durell,  T.  Capt.  i.  139 
Durham,  P.  C.  C.  H.  Lt.  i.  346,  426,  466, 

400;   ii.  121,  144,  447 
Durnford,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  46 
Durrell,  J.  Mid.  ii.  224 
Dursley,  R.  Adm.  Lord,  i.  121 
Dutton,  R.  Lt.  i.  468 
Dwyer   M.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  368,  400 
Dyason.  J.  Mast.  ii.  250 
Dyer,  H.  S.  Sec.  ii.  250 
Dyer,  J.  W.  Mid.  ii.  388 

Eales,  J.  Mate,  i.  370 

Earning,  A.  Capt.  i.  50 

Eamshaw,  W.  Lt.  i.  456 

Eastman,  J.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Eastman,  J.  E.  Lt.  ii.  201 

Edfall,  S.  Mid.  l.  363 

Edgar,  J.  Mid.  i.  453 

Edge,  W.  Com.  i.  370,  417 

Edgecumbe,  Hoi.  Capt.  G.  i.  172 

Edmondson,  A.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  484 

Edward  III.  King,  i.  9,  12,  14,  16 

Edward  VI.  King,  i.  25 

Edwards,  E.  Com.  i.  H15 

Edwards.  D.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  334 

Edwards,  J.  Bo.  ii.  152 

Edwards,  J.  Lt.  i.  365. ;  ii.  10 

Edwards,  R.  Capt.  i.  296 

Edwards,  R.  Com.  i.  118 

Edwards,  T.  Capt.  ii.  255 

Edwards,  V.  Lt.  i.  313 

Edwick.  J.  Purs.  ii.  169 

Effingham,  Earl  of,  i.  27 

Ekins,  Capt.  i.  204,  504,  510 

Elder,  J.  Mast.  i.  435 

Elgar,  J.  Purs.  ii.  389 

Elizabeth,  Queen,  i.  26 

Ellerton,  J.  Mast.  ii.  229 

Ellery,  Lt   i.  316 

Ellicot,  E.  Com.  ii.  205 

Elliot,  B.  Lt.  i.  203 

Elliot,  Sir  G.  i.  441 

Elliot,  Hon.  Capt.  G.  ii.  252 

Elliot,  Hon.  G.  J.  J.  B.  Com.  ii.  525 

Elliot,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  372 

Elliot,  J.  Capt.  i.  186,  196,  206,  297,  324 

Elliot,  J.  Lt.  i.  343 


Elliot,  J.  Mate,  i.  396 

Elliot,  J    Purs.  ii.  278 

Elliot,  W.  Com.  ii.  302 

Elliott,  Capt.  ii.  3*0 

Elliott,  T.  Mid.  ii.  224 

Ellioit,  W.  Lt.  ii.  224 

Ellis,  G.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  86 

Ellis,  J    Lt.  ii.  145 

EUi<on,  J.  Lt.  i  306.  403 

Ellison,  T.  Mate,  i.  483 

Elmhurst,  P.  J.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Elphinstone,  E.  Capt.  ii.  172 

Elphinstone     Hon.    Capt.   G.    K.    i.   309, 

348,  3fi7,  37<>,  425.  437 
Elphinstone,  J.  Capt.  i.  192,  211,  425 
Elton,  H.  Lt.  ii.  3*7 
Klton,  J.  Caot.  i.  155 
Elvey,  G.  Mid.  ii.  292 
Elwes,  G.  Capt.  i.  108 
Elwin,  J.  Lt.  ii.  438 
Emeriau,  Count,  ii.  444 
Emeric,  Capt.  ii.  447 
Emerton,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  34 
England,  R.  Lt.  i.  462 
England,  T.  Lt.  i.  512 
England,  T.  Mid.  i.  305 
England,  T.  Lt.  ii.  397 
Ennis    M.  Caot.  R.M.  ii.  423 
Enslie,  J.  Mid.  ii.  404 
Epron,  J.  Capt.  ii.  2,  168,  219 
Epworth,  F.  P.  Capt.  ii.  468 
Ernouf,  Gen.  ii.  305 
Errara,  Don.  D.  i.  473 
Erskine,  R.  Capt.  i.  166 
Ernie,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  71 
Esek,  C;ipt.  Van.  i.  518 
Essex,  Earl  of,  i    136 
Essington,  W.  Capt.  i.  462 
Estaisn,  Comte  d\  i.  251,  255,  257,  272, 

'284 
Esther,  T    Mast.  ii.  174 
Estrees,  Comte  d',  i.  67,  69 
Etough,  H.  G.  Lt   ii.  490 
Eustac  the  Monk,  i.  5 
Evans,  Mid.  i.  426 
Evans,  A.  F.  Capt.  i.  428 
Evans,  F.  H.  Capt.  i.  275 
Evans,  H.  F.  Caot.  i.  316 
Evans,  J.  Capt.  i.  124,  125 
Evans.  T.  Capt.  i.^203 
Eveleigh,  J.  Mid.  ii.  164.  448 
Everitc,  C.  H.  Capt.  i.  270 
Everitt,  M.  J.  Capt   i.  271 
Evertsen,  C.  Capt.  i.  54.  C8,  79 
Evertz,  C.  J.  Capt.  ii.  186 
Evertzen,  Adm.  i.  43,  49,  54,  58,  6l 
Eves,  F.  W.  Mid.  ii.  2 
Exmouth,  Adm.  Lord,  ii.  504 
Eyre,  G.  Capt.  i.  472  ;  ii.  314 

Fabre,  Capt.  de,  i.  305 

Facev,  P.  Lt.  i.  514 

Faddy,  W.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  483 

Faddy,  W.  Lt.  ii.  162 

Fahie,  W.  C.  Capt.  i.  500;  ii.  281 


558 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Fair,  R.  Mast.  ii.  255 

Fairborne,  S.  Com.  i.  77,  100 

Fairfax,  R.  Capt.  i.  104 

Fairfax,  W.  G.  Cora.  i.  252,  464 

Falcon,  G.  T.  Capt.  ii.  493 

Falconer,  J.  Com.  i.  335 

Falconer,  J.  R.  Lt.  i.  314 

Falkiner,  C.  L.  Lt.  ii.  428 

Falkingham,  E.  Capt.  i.  131 

Falmouth,  Earl  of,  i.  57 

Fane,  F.  W.  Mid.  i.  435,  490 ;  ii.  347 

Fanshawe,  A.  Capt.  ii.  524,  544 

Fanshawe,  R.  Capt.  i.  272 

Farewell,  F.  G.  Mid.  ii.  295,  353 

Farewell,  T.  Mid.  ii.  432 

Fargenel,  J.  M.  Lt.  ii.  189 

Farmer,  G.  Capt.  i.  295 

Farmer,  T.  Clerk,  ii.  398 

Farnhiun,  T.  Com.  i.  280 

Farquhar,  A.  Com.  ii.  96,  446 

Farrant,  J.  Mid.  ii.  143,  286,  300 

Farrender,  G.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Faulkner,  R.  Capt.  i.  216 

Faulknor,  J.  Capt.  i.  36l 

Faulknor,  R.  Com.  i.  406,  407 

Faulknor,  S.  Capt.  i.  166,  196 

Fawcett,  H.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Fayerman,  F.  Capt.  i.  458 

Fearne,  W.  Mast.  i.  125 

Featherstone,  B.J.  Mid.  ii.  237 

Fegan,C.  Lt.  R.M.ii.  320 

Fearney,  W  .  i.  447 

Fellowes,  E.  Com.  ii.  195 

Fellowes,  T.  Capt.  ii.  516,  517 

Fennell,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  175,  278 

Fenwick,  R.  B.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  285 

Ferguson,  Bo.  ii.  299 

Ferguson,  J.  Capt.  i.  301 

Ferguson,  J.  Lt.  i.  156 

Ferrers,  Lord,  i.  23 

Ferrett,  F.  Lt.  i.  463 

Ferrie,  W.  Lt.  ii.  143,  262,  376 

Ferrier,  J.  Lt.  ii.  288 

Ferris,  A.  Com.  ii.  230,  242 

Ferris,  S.  Capt.  ii.  41,  43 

Ferris,  W.  Com.  ii.  74,  80,  91 ,  327 

Ferror,  W.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Few,  J.  L.  Mid.  ii.  405,  416 

Field,  Mid.  ii.  445 

Field,  A.  Capt.  i.  131 

Figg,  W.  Mid.  ii.  34 

File,  T.  Lt.  ii.  145,  320 

Finch,  C.  Lt.  ii.  306 

Finch,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  472 

Finch,  W.  Capt.  i.  69 

Finch,  Hon.  Capt.  W.  C.  i.  244 

Fincher,  T.  Capt.  i.  159 

Finchley,  J.  Mid.  ii.  23 

Finlaisori,  J.  Mast.  ii.  98 

Finlay,  E.  Mid.  ii.  358 

Finlay,  M.  Clerk,  i.  462 

Finlayson,  J.  Mid.  ii.  207 

Finley,  G.  Lt.  R.  M.  i.  358 

Finnimore,  T.  Lt.  ii.  292 

Finnis,  R.  Com.  ii.  440 


Finucane,  P.  Lt.  ii.  366 

Fisher,  R.  Capt.  i.  283 

Fisher,  W.  Capt.  i.  525 

Fischer,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  460 

Fischer,  O.  Com.  ii.  31 

Fitton,  M.  Lt.  i.  526;  ii.  15,  19,  95,  181, 

183 
Fitzburg,  H.  Mid.  ii.  232 
Fitzgerald,  Mid.  i.  396 
Fitzgerald,  Lord  C.  Capt.  i.  415 
Fitzgerald,  R.  L'.Com.  i.  470 
Fitzgerald,  T.  Com.  ii.  320 
Fitzgibbon,  Mid.  i.  406 
Fitzherbert,  J.  Capt.  i.  255 
Fitzmaurice,  G.  Lt.  ii.  170 
Fitzmaunce,  J.  Lt.  ii.  251 
Fitzpatrick,  J.  Bo.  i.  396 
Fitzpatnck,  R.  Capt.  i.  80 
Fitzroy,  Lord  A.  Capt.  i.  139 
Fitzroy,  Lord  VV.  Capt.  ii.  113 
Fitzroy,  W.  H.  Lt.  ii.  517 
Fitzwilliams,  Sir  W.  i.  24 
Flanders,  Count  of,  i.  4 
Flaxman,  J.  Bo.  ii.  367 
Fleming,  J,  Capt.  i.  29 
Fleming,  J.  Lt.  ii.  154 
Fleming,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  8 
Fleming,  R.  H.  Lt.  ii.  509 
Fletcher,  J.  Capt.  i.  ;6 
Fletcher,  T.  Mast.  ii.  17 
Fletcher,  W.  Lt.  ii.  392 
Flight,  F.  H.  Maj.  i.  420 
Flinn,  K.  Lt.  ii.  299 
Flint,  W.  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  420 
Flintoft,  W.  Lt.  ii.  269 
Fogo,  G.  Mid.  i.  397 
Fuley,  T.  Capt.  i.  366,  409 
Foljamb,  J.  Capt.  i.  112 
Fooks,  W.  Capt.  i.  Sill,  348 
Foord,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  453 
Foote,  C.  Capt.  ii.  323,  326 
Foote,  E.  J.  Capt.  i.  412,  428,  471  ;  ii.  441 
Forbes,  Hon.  Capt.  J.  i.  149 
Forbes,  J.  Lt.  ii.  195 
Forbes,  J.  M.  B.  Mid.  i.  508,  511 
Forbes,  Hon.  Capt.  tt.  i.  385 
Forbes,  R.  Lt.  ii.  17 
Forbin,  Comte,  i.  116,  118 
Forbisher,  Sir  M.  i.  30,  33,  35 
Forbishlev,  J.  Mid.  i.  492 
Ford,  G.  A.  Lt.  i.  469 
Ford,  T.  Lt.  i.  185 
Ford,  Z    Mid.  i.  483 
Forder,  G.  Mid.  ii.  203,  338,  340 
Foreman,  J.  Lt.  ii.  511 
Forrest,  A.  Lt.  i.  143,  177,  1/9.  215,  298 
Forrest,  T.  Lt.  i.  25 
Forrest,  T.  Lt.  ii.  81,  290,  292,  447 
Forster,  G.  Lt.  ii.  292 
Forster,  J.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Forster,  J.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Forster,  VV.  Bo.  ii.  144 
Forster,  W.  Lt.  ii.  144 
Forster,  \V.  G.  Bo.  ii.  45 
Fortescue,  W.  Capt.  i.  184,  215 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


559 


Foster,  E.  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  521 

Foster,  T.  Mast.  i.  483 

Fotherbv,  C.  Lt.  i.  102 

Fothergill,  W.  L.  i.  518 

Fotherinfrham,  P.  Capt.  i.  242,  244 

Fothell,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  320 

Foubert,  Capt.  ii.  401 

Foucaud,  Capt.  i.  435 

Foulerton,  T.  Lt.  ii.  40 

Foulis,  T.  Capt.  i.  70,  85 

Foulke,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  308 

Foulkes,  S.  Capt.  i.  89 

Fourre\  Capt.  ii.  171 

Fowke,  T.  Capt.  i.  156 

Fowler,  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  180 

Fowler,  G.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Fowler,  T.  Mid,  ii.  400 

Fox,  Com.  i.  161 

Fox,  T.  Capt.  i.  165 

Fox,  W.  Capt.  i.  348 

Fradin,  Capt.  i.  429 

Francis,  J.  Lt.  ii.  1/0 

Frankland,  T.  Capt.  i.  154 

Franklin,  Dr.  i.  238 

Franklin,  J.  Bo.  ii.  365 

Franklin,  J.  Lt.  ii.  490 

Fraser,  S.  Mid  ii.  35 

Frazer,  Maj.-Gen.  ii.  195 

Frazer,  G.  i.  452 

Frazer,  H.  T.  Com.  ii.  311 

Frazer,  J.  W.  Mid.  ii,  480 

Frederic,  Archduke,  ii.  534,  538 

Frederick,  F.  L.  Capt.  i.  352 

Freeman,  E.  Mast.  ii.  307 

Fremantle,  T.  F.  Capt.  i.  410,  453,  455  : 

ii.  31,  121 
French,  G.  Mid.  ii.  68 
French,  J.  O.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  300 
Friant,  Gen.  ii.  23 
Friend,  C.  Mid.  ii.  369 
Fuller,  R.  H.  Lt.  ii.  445 
Fulton,  Mast.  ii.  511 
Furber,  T.  Lt.  ii.  74,  80 
Furneaux,  J.  Mid.  ii.  1 95 
Furneaux,  T.  Capt.  i.  259 
Fyffe,  J.  Com.  ii.  163 
Fylle,  Richard,  i.  lo 
Fynmore,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  143 
Fynmore,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  193,  195 


Gabriel,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  202 
Gabriel,  V.  Lt.  ii.  308 
Gage,  J.  Capt.  i.  145 
Gage,  W.  H.  Lr.  i.  453;  ii.  50 
Gahagan,  T.  ii.  35 
Gale.^E.  Lt.  ii.  143 
Galen,  Adm.  Van,  i.  40,  45 
Galissoniere,  Adm.  De,  i.  175 
Galle,  Adm.  De,  i.  438 
Galloway,  A.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Galloway,  J.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Gallwey,  H.  J.  Lt.  ii.  531 
Galway,  E.  Capt.  ii.  452 
Gambier,  J.  Capt.  i.  204 


Gambier,  J.  Capt.  (Lord  Gambier)  i.  385  ; 

ii.  202,  265 
Ganteaume,  Rear-Adm.  i.  41,  480;  ii.  24, 

299 
Gape.  J.  Mid.  ii.  295,  321 
Gardiner,  A.  Capt.  i.  187 
Gardiner,  T.  Lt.  ii.  377 
Gardner,  A.  Capt.  i.  252,  269,  341,   403, 

419 
Gardner,  Hon.  Capt.  A.  H.  i.  437  ;  ii.  110 
Gardner,  S.  Lt.  ii.  441 
Garland,  J.  Lt.  ii.  441 
Garlics,  Capt.  Lord,  i.  440 
Garratt,  G.  Purs.  ii.  398 
Garrecocha,  Don,  i.  168 
Garrett,  E.  W.  Lt.  ii.  144 
Garrett,  H.  Lt.  i.  470 
Garrett,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  9 
Garretts,  E.  W.  Lt.  ii.  260 
Garrety,  J.  H.  Lt.  ii.  113 
Garson,  G.  Mast.  ii.  'J85 
Garth,  Col.  i.  276,  278 
Gmhwaite,  E.  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  l6l 
Gascoigne,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  413 
Gascoyne,  S.  Lt.  i.  322 
Gaspard,  Capt.  i.  516 
Gaspard,  M.  ii.  385 
Gateshill,  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  441 
Gaunt,  John  of,  i.  15 
Gautier,  Lt.  ii.  231 
Gay,  J.  Clerk,  ii.  521 
Gay  more,  P.  Mid.  ii.  235 
Geary,  J.  Mid.  ii.  179 
Geddes,  Capt.  i.  323 
Geddes,  P.  Bo.  ii.  344 
Gedge,  J.  Lt.  ii.  381 
Gell,  J.  Capt.  i.  325,  360 
Gell,  J.  Mid.  i.  507 
Gell,  T.  Capt.  ii.  469 
Gelrins,  T.  Mast.  ii.  6 
Geoffery  de  Vinesauf,  i.  3 
George,  Lt.  i.  295 
George,  J.  Mid.  ii.  353 
Gera,  Don  P.  de,  i.  139 
Gerard,  Abp.  of  Aix,  i.  1 
Gerard,  M.  A.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  495;  ii.  8 
Ghent,  Van,  Capt.  i.  68 
Gibbings,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  254 
Gibbons,  W.  Mid.  ii.  45 
Gibbons,  W.  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  387 
Gibhs,  Mast.  ii.  17 
Gibbs,  J.  Lt.  i.  373 
Gibson,  A.  Bo.  ii.  143 
Gibson,  J.  Lt.  i.  456 
Gibson,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  348 
Gibson,  J.  Mid.  i.  488 
Gibson,  R.  Lt   ii.  189,  369 
Gibson,  W.  Lt.  ii.  7 
Gidoin,  J.  L.  Capt.  i.  271,  349 
Giffard,  G.  Lt.  ii.  526 
Gilbert,  E.  W.  Lt.  ii.  511 
Gilbert,  G.  Surg.  ii.  189,2/3 
Gilbert,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  290 
Gilbert.  T.  Lt.  ii.  9 
Gilchrist,  J.  Capt.  i.  183,  184,  194,  197 


560 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Giles,  J.  ii.  327 

Gill.  Carp.  ii.  531 

Gill,  C.  Com.  ii.  259 

Gill,  R.  Mid.  ii.  3,5 

Gillespie.  R.  Col.  ii.  372 

Gilliland.  B.  Lt.  ii.  143 

Gihr.ore,  A.  Bo.  i.  4S3 

Gilson,  T.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  254 

Ginton,  Gun.  ii.  469 

Gittings,  R.  Lt.  ii.  180,  224 

Glanville,  W.  F.  Lt.  ii.  544 

Glen,  N.  Mid.  i.  394 

Glennie,  G.  R.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Glover,  B.  Capt.  i.  299 

Glvnn,  E.  A.  Mate,  ii.  528 

Goddard,  R.  H.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  207 

Goddar.l,  T.  Lt.  i.  368 

Godfrey,  Capt.  R.M.  i.  152 

Godfrey,  W.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Goldesborough,  T.  Lt.  i.  285 

Goldfinch,  W.  Lt.  ii.  35 

Goldfinch,  W.  J.  Mid.  ii.  521 

Goldsmith,  Lt.  i.  251 

Gooch,  G.  T.  Mid.  ii.  418 

Gooch.  S.  Lt.  i.  518 

Goodall,  S.  Capt.  i.  309 

Good,  J.  Lt.i.  472 

Goodf,  S.  Mid.  ii.  354 

Gooding,  J.  S.  Lt.  ii.  176 

Goodman,  J.  Mid.  i.  507 

Goodridge,  R.  Mid.  ii.  358 

Gordon,  C.  Capt.  ii.  3^2,  341 

Gordon,  H.  Com.  ii.  82 

Gordon,  H.  C.  Lt.  ii.  495 

Gordon.  J.  A.  Capt.  ii.  225,  348,  349,  369, 

382,  384,  4/6,  479 
Gordon,  R.  J.  Lt.  ii.  225,  278,  284,  296 
Gordon,  W.  Capt.  i.  156 
Gore,  Capt.  R.M.  i.  203 
Gore,  J.  Lt.  i.  370,  382,  424,  520  ;  ii.  56, 

90 
Gore,  W.  Mid.  ii.  56 
Gosnam,  Lt.  i.  308 
Gosselin,  T.  Le  M.  Capt.  i.  415 
Gossei,  A.  Lt.  i.  426 
Gossett,  Maj.  ii.  508 
Gostling,  F.  Lt.  ii.  4^5,  416,  432 
Gould,  1>.  Capt.  i.  409 
Gourly,  J.  Lt.  i.  453 
Gower,  Sir  E.  Capr.  i.  415 
Gower,  E.  L.  Capt.  ii.  55,  59,  4!4,  519 
Gower,  Hon.  Capt.  J.  L.  i.  264 
Grace,  P.  Lt.  ii.  377 
Graeme,  A.  Capt.  i.  296,  318 
Graham,  A.  Bo.  ii.  341 
Graham,  Capt.  Lord  G.  i.  156 
Graham,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  155 
Grainger,  R.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  418 
Grbndprcz,  M.  i.  128 
Grander,  W.  Capt.  i.  519 
Grant,  Major. -Gen.  i.  272 
Grant,  G.  Lt.  i.  453 
Grant,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  242 
Grant,  S.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  404 
Grant,  W.  Mid.  ii.  143 


Grantham,  C.  Capt.  i.  92 

Grasse,  Comtede,  i.  313,  320,  325,  338 

Grave,  W.  Mast.  ii.  45 

Graves,  D.  Capr.  i.  321 

Graves,  J.  Lt.i.  235 

Graves,  L.  Schoolmaster,  i.  483 

Graves,  S.  Capt.  i.  332 

G  aves,  T.  Capt.  i   352  ;  ii.  74 

Graves,  T.  R.-Adm.  (Lord  Graves)  i.  141, 

186,  227,  321,  395,  403  ;  ii.  27 
Gravina,  Adm.  ii.  120,  146 
Grav,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  301 
Gray,  F.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Gray.  G.  Lt.  ii.  35 
Gray,  H.  B.  MH.  ii.  521 
Gray,  M.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  479 
Grayi  on,  J.  Adm.  i.  100 
Green,  A.  P.  Com.  ii.  446 
Green,  Maj. -Gen.  Sir  C.  ii.  91 
Green,  J.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Green,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  304 
Green,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  180,  189 
Green,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 
Grernway,  C.  Mid.  ii.  453 
Greenvvay,  G.  Mid.  ii    410 
Gregory,  Capt.  i.  351 
Gregory,  C.  M.  Lt.  ii.  6,  250 
Gregory,  G.  Capt.  i.  458 
Gregory,  T.  Capt.  i.  198 
Greig,  D.  Mid.  i.  401 
Grenfell,  S.  Lt.  ii.  527 
Grenviile,  Sir  R.  i.  34 
Grenville,  T.  Capt.  i.  160 
Grey,  E.  Lt.  i.  524 
Grey,  G.  Capt.  i.  441 
Grey.  Lt.-Gen.  Sir  G.  i.  406 
Grier,  T.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Griffin,  C.  W.  G.  Lt.  ii.  46 1 
Griffin,  T.  Capt.  i.  155,  156,  158 
Griffin,  T.  Gun.  i.  125 
Griffinhoofe,  T.  S.  Mid.  ii.  106 
Griffith,  E.  Capt.  ii.  468 
Griffiths,  A.  J.  Lt.  i.  449;  ii.  55,  285,  314 
Griffiths,  T.  Mast.  ii.  25 
Griffiths,  T.  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  387 
Griffiths,  W.  Capt.  i.  296 
Grimes,  J.  Sec.  ii.  510 
Grimouard,  Chev.  de,  i.  309,  350 
Grindall,  R.  Capt.  i.  419  ;  ii-  121 
Grindred,  J.  Mate,  ii.  464 
Groat,  Capt.  ii.  180 
Grose,  A.  Mid.  ii.  358 
Grouchy,  Gen.  i.  438 
Grubb,  C.  F.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Guavara,  R.-Adm.  i.  131 
Guichen,  Comte  de,  i.  300,  324 
Gu'eysse,  P.  Capt.  ii.  58 
Guion,  D.  O.  Com.  ii.  23 
Guion,  H.  G.  Lt.  ii.  312 
Guildford,  Sir  H.  i.  22 
Guiren,  G.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Gunman,  J.  Capt.  i.  127 
Gunn,  A.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  343 
Gunn,  A.  Mid.  ii.  399 
Gunning,  G.  W.  Mid.  ii.  510 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


561 


Gunter,  G.  Mid.  ii.  262 
Guthrie,  J.  burg.  ii.  39 

Hackett,  J.  Lt.  ii.  458 

Haddock,  N.  Capt.  i.  HS,  132,  134 

Haddock,  Sir  R.  Capt.  i.  68 

Haddock,  W.  Capt.  i.  131 

Haddon,  E.  Mid.  i.  488 

Haggertv,  T.  Purs.  ii.  401 

Haig,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  405,  416,  432,  44/ 

Hai.es,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  195 

Haldane.  R   Capt.  i.  192 

H.iles,  H.  ftlast.  i.  459 

Halkett,  P.  Capt.  i.  459 

Hall,  Lt.  ii.  20i 

Hall,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  10,  81 

Hall,  J.  Mid.  ii.  358 

Hall,  R.  (apt.  ii.  154 

Hall,  R.  Com.  ii.  342 

Hall,R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  89 

Hall,  T.  Lt.  ii.  288 

Halet,  E.  K.  H.  Lt.  ii.  526 

Hailidav,  Bo.  i.  336 

Haliiday,  f'.  Capt.  i.  356 

Halhdav,  M.  Lt.  i.  465,  494 

Hallowell,  B.  Capt.  i.  370,  412  ;  ii.  5,  41, 

195, 300,  39' 
Hallowes,  J.  Mid.  ii.  446 
Halstead,  W.  Lt.  R  M.  ii.  285,  300 
Hal>ted,  L.  W.  Capt.  i.  428  ;  ii.  55,  59 
Haly,  K.  S.  Mid.  ii.  14,  226 
Hai.blv,  C.  O.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  531 
Hambly,  R.  Lt.  ii.  3^,1 
Hanibly,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  343 
Hambly,  W.  Lt.  ii.  4ifj 
Hamilton,  Lt.  n.  264 
Hamilton,  Mid.  ii.  87 
Hamilton,  Capt.  Lord  A.  i.  105 
Hamilton,  A.  B.  P.  P.  Mid.  ii.  16 
Hamilton,  A.  P.  Lt.  ii.  342 
Hamilton,  Sir  C.  Capt.  i.  486;  ii.  18 
Hamilton,  C.  P.  Capt.  i.  405 

Hamilton,  E.  Capt.  i.  522  ;  ii.  38 

Hamilton.  G.  W.  Capt.  ii.  516 

Hamilton,  J.  Capt.  i.  231 

Hamilton,  J.  Capt.  ii.  12 

Hamilton,  Hon.  J.  i.  155,  166 

Hamilton,  J.  Mast.  i.  458 

Hamilton,  T.  Capt.  i.  75 

Hamilton,  W.  Capt.  ii.  500 

Hamilton,  W.  Lt.  ii.  300 

Hamilton,  W.  Mid.  ii.  154 

Hammelin,  Com.  ii.  3i6,  341 

Hammick,  S.  Lt.  i.  189 

Hammond,  Mr.  i.  515 

Hammond,  C.  Lt.  ii.  285,  300 

Hammond,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  413 

Hamond,  A.  S.  Capt.  i.  2:-t9,  240,  252 

Hamond,  G.  E.  Capt   ii.  90 

Hanchett,  J.  M.  Lt.  ii.  71 

Hancock,  Capt.  i.  1 17 

Hancock,  J.  Com.  i.  65,  86 

Handc.ck,  A.  B.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Handfield,  P.  C.  Lt.  ii.  153,  l6l,  217 

Hanickoff,  Adm.  ii.  244 

VOL.  II. 


Hankey,  Lt.  i.  350 

Hanloii,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  242 

Hannam,  W.  Capt.  i.  69 

Hannekin,  i.  15 

Hanway,  J.  Capt.  i.  122 

Hanwav,  T.  Capt.  i.  159 

Hanwell,  P-  G.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Harboard,  Sir  C.  i.  C9 

Hardiman,  H.  Mid.  ii.  463 

Hardinge,  G.  N.  Mid.   i.  512;  ii.  70,  83, 

218 
Hardy,  C.  Capt.  i.  155 
Hardy,  Sir  C.  V.-Adm.  i.  152,  193 
Hardy,  T.  Capt.  i.  100 
Hardy,  T.  Cm.  i.  425 

Hard'v,  T.  M.  Lt.    i.    436,  452,   474.  484  ; 
ii.  29,   121,  131,    133,  134,  139,  148,  253, 
265 
Hardyman,  L.  Lt.  i.  504,  506  ;  ii.  103,264, 

272,  312,  320 
Hare,  C.  Com.  i.  369 
Hare.  T.  Lt.  ii.  375 
Hargood,  W.   Capt.   i.  362;  ii.   121,   177, 

292 
Harland,  R.  Capt.  i.  128,  167 
Harlow,  T.  Com.  i.  95 
Harlowe,  T.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Harman,  J.  Capt.  i.  5<i,  58,  63,  71 
Harman,  J.  Capt.  i.  75 
Harman,  T.  Capt.  i.  72 

Harman,  W.  Lt.  ii.  415 
Harmer,  D.  Lt.  ii.  446 

Harmood,  H.  Capt   i.  300 

Harness,  R.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Harper,  J.  Lt.  ii.  2y2,  447 

Harnng'o  1,  W.  Lt.  ii.  3 

Harris,  B.  Capt.  i.  134 

Harris,  G.  Capt.  ii.  365,  373 

Harris,  J.  Lt.  i.  75 

Harris,  J.  Lt.  ii.  160 

Harris,  L.  Capt.  i.  67 

Harrison,  Mate,  i.  285 

Harrison,  G.  Lt.  i.  4^9 

Harrison,  H.  Capt.  i.  159 

Harrison,  J.  Capt.  i.  201 

Harrison,  J.  H.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  476 

Harrison,  L.  Mate,  ii.  521 

Harrison,  R.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  529 

Harrison,  R   T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  527 

Harris. n,  T.  Capt.  i.  198,  211,  215 

Harrm&ton,  D.  Lt.  ii.  195 

Harrington.  Lt.~L  318 

Hartley,  E.  Mate,  ii.  144 

H  .rtwell.  B.  rapt.  i.  194 

Harvey,  B.  Com.  ii.  345,  387 

Harvey,  E.  Capt.  ii.  52 5 

Harvey,  E.  Capt.  ii.  121 

Harvey,  G.  W.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Harvey,  H.  Capt.  i.  385 

Harvey,  J.  Capt.  i.  398 

Harvey,  J.  Lt.  ii.  445 

Harvey,  J.  Lt.  ii.  465 

Harvey,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  35 
Harvey,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  391 

Harvey,  J.  Mid.  ii.  510 


2  0 


562 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Harvey,  T.  Capt.  ii.  236 

Harwood,  W.  Capt.  i.  428 

Hassan  Bey,  i.  MO 

Hassan  Bey,  ii.  534 

Hastings,  A.  Capt.  i.  84 

Hastings,  F.  D.  Com.  ii.  536,  542 

Hastings,  T.  Lt.  ii.  H89,  444 

Haswell,  H.  Mate,  ii.  542 

Haswell,  J.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  372 

Haswell,  R.  Lt.  ii.  lh'5 

Hatley,  J.  Capt.  ii.  297 

Hatton,  V.  T.  Lt.  ii.  236 

Haultain,  C.  Lt.  ii.  440" 

Haward,  T.  Capt.  i.  57 

Hawke,  E. Capt.  (Lord  Hawke)  i.  149,  162, 

!67,  189,  203 
Hawker,  E.  Capt.  ii.  303 
Hawker,  H.  S.  Lt.  ii.  535 
Hawker,  J.  Capt.  i.  244,  254,  303 
Hawker,  T.  Lt.  i.  411 
Hawkey,  J.  Lt.  ii.  290 
Hawkey,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  225,  327 
Hawkins,  A.  Mid,  i.  470  ;  ii.  487 
Hawkins,  A.  M.  Lt.  ii.  399 
Hawkins,  E.  Com.  ii.  179 
Hawkins,  Sir  J.  i.  30.  33,  36 
Hawkins,  J.  Lt.  ii.  7' 
Hawkins,  J.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Hawkins,  R.  Lt.  i.  483 
Hawkins,  R.  Mate,  i.  370 
Hawtayne.  S.  J.  Capt.  ii.  344,  374 
Hay,  A.  Bfid.  ii.  3/8 
Hay,  J.  Lt.  ii.  257 
Hay,  M.  Lt.  ii.  143 
Hay,  R.  Capt.  ii.  322 
Hav,  R.  Lt.  i.  lol 
Hav,  R.  S.  Lt.  ii.  521 
Hay,  W.  Capt.  i.  218 
Ha\es,  C.  Mid.ii.  353 
Hayes,  G.  Com.  ii.  320 
Hayes,  G.  Lt.  ii.  348,  369,  384 
Hayes,  J.  Lt.  ii.  306,  309,  449,  491 
Hayes,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  207 
Hayman,  C.  Lt.  ii.  89 
Hayward,  Capt.  i.  316 
Hayward,  J.  Capt.  i.  71 
Hazard,  Capt.  i.  229,  230 
Head,  M.  Mast.  Mate,  87,  235 
Heath,  T.  Capt.  i.  85 
Heath,  W.  J.  A.  Mate,  ii.  531 
Heathcote,  G.  H.  Mid.  ii.  511 
Heathcote,  H.  Capt.  ii.  88 
Heathcote,  H.  Capt.  ii.  444 
Heemskirk,  L.  Van,  i.  62 
Heiden,  R.-Adm.  Count,  ii.  514 
Heighham.  G.  Lt.  i.  390 
Heilberg,  Lt.  i.  463 
Hele,  C.  Lt.  i.  342 
Helland,  W.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Helpman,  R.  Lt.  ii.  500 
Helpman,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  171 
Heming,  S.  S.  Lt.  ii.  201 
Hemming,  A.  Mid,  ii.  362 
Hemmington,  J.  Capt.  i.  141,  142 
Henderson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  446 


Henderson,  R.  Lt.  ii.  7* 

Henderson,  R.  Lt.  ii.  91 

Henderson,  T.  Com.  ii.  525 

Henderson,  W.  H.  Capt.  ii.  525,  533,  536, 

544 
Henderson,  W.  W.   Lt.  ii.  369,  525,  544 
Hendrie,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  18 
Hennah,  W.  Lt.  ii.  17 
Henn^h,  W.  Lt.  ii.  126 
Heneyman,  W.  Capt.  ii.  260 
Henrv  III.  King,  i.  6 
Henry  V.  King,  i.  19,  20 
Henry  VII.  King,  i.  20 
Henry  VIII.  King,  i.  24 
Henry,   I.  Capt.  i.  249,  283 
Hepenstall,  W.  Lt.  i.  470 
Herbert,  A.  Capt.  (Earl  of  Torringtonj  i. 

75,77 
Herbert,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  i.  513 
Herbert,  C.  Mid.  i.408 
Herbert,  M.  H.  Mid.  ii.  103,  208 
Herbert,  T.  Lt.  ii.  483 
He  bert,  W.  G.  Mid.  ii.  536 
Heritier,  Capt.  L',  i.  469 
Hermite,  Capt.  L',  i.  518,  524 
Herringham,  W.  A.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Herriotr,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  302 
Hervey,  Hon.  Capt.  A.  J.  i.  187 
Hesse,  Prince  of,  i.  105 
Hessey,  G.  Mid.  ii.  50 
Hewett,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  460 
Hewett,  W.  Bo.  ii.  107 
Hewlett,  B.  Mast,  Mate,  ii.  486 
Heyland,  H.  F.  Lt.  ii.  328 
Heywood,  E.  Com.  ii.  88,  204 
Hibberd,  J.  Mid.  ii.  45 
Hiobert,  E.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Hicks,  J.  Capt.  i.  105 
Hicks,  T.  Capt.  i.  355 
Hicks,  W.  Lt.  ii.  470,  473 
Hickman,  J.  C.  Lt.  ii.  359 
Higgins,  J.  Mast.  i.  285 
Higginson.  J.  Lt.  ii.  156 
Higman,  H.  Lt.  ii.  175 
Hildvard,  W.  Mast.  ii.  278 
Hill,  B.  Capt.  i.  272 
Hill,  H.  Lt.  i.  370 
Hill,  J.  Com.  i.  348    , 
Hill,  J.  G.  Lt.  ii.  391 
Hill,  R.  Lt.  i.  318 
Hill,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  226 
Hill,  W.  Capt.  i.  50 
Hill,  W.  Lt.  ii.  255,  281 
Hillier.  G.  Mid.  i.  463;  ii.  45 
Hills,  A.  Lt.  ii.  141 
Hillvar,  J.  Com.  ii.  14.  23 
Hilton,  G.  Com.  ii.  462 
Hinckley,  M.  Bo.  i.  318 
H'nman,  E.  Capt.  i.  245,  260 
Hinton,  M.  Lt.  i.  420 
Hislop,  Lt.-Gen.  ii.  411 
Hitchcock,  Lt.  i.  27 
Hoare,  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  46l 
Hoare,  G.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Hobart,  Lt.  i.  343 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


563 


Hoche,  Gen.  i.  438 

Hockin,  C.  F.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  533 

Hodge,  A.  Com.  ii.  228 

Hodge,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Hodge,  J.  T.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Hodges,  J.  Lt.  i.  176 

Hodgkin,  J.  Lt.  ii.  314 

Hodgkinson,  T.  Lt.  ii.  226 

Hodgskins,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  328 

Hoffman,  F.  Lt.  ii.  144.  390 

Hoffmeister,  J.  M.  Purs.  ii.  441 

Holbourne,  J.  Capt.  i.  176 

Holbrook,  G.  Mid.  ii.  195 

Holhurne,  W.  Capt.  i.  198 

Holdstock,  W.  i.  27 

Hole,  L.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Holgate,  R.  Mid.  ii.  135 

Holland,  Count  of,  i.  5. 

Holland,  Capt.  i.  463 

Holland,  .).  Mast.  i.  236 

Holland,  J.  Mid.  i.  397 

Holland,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  25 

Holies,  Capt.  Sir  F.  i.  69 

Hollingworth,  J.  Lt.  i.  4fi6 

Hollis,  A.  P.  Lt.  i.  390  ;  ii.  47,  284 

Holloway,  J.  Capt.  i.  300 

Hollcwav,  R.  Lt.  i.  370 

Holman,"  W.  Lt.  i.  472 

Holmes,  R.-Adm.  i.  195,  208,  215 

Holmes,  C.  Cant.  i.  145 

Holmes,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  432 

Holmes,  J.  Bo.  ii.  410 

Holmes,  J.  Capt.  i.  66,  71 

Holmes,  J.  H.  Lt.  ii.  14 

Holmes,  Sir  R.  Capt.  i.  53,  6l,  66 

Holmes,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  377 

Holstein,  Lt.  ii.  356 

Holt,  I).  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  192 

Holt,  W.  Mid.  ii.  179 

Holtaway,  W.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  46l 

Holyman,  R.  Capt.  i.  102 

Home,  Lt.  ii.  340 

Home,  R.  Capt.  i.  305 

Honeyman,  R.  Lt.  i.  411  ;  ii.  71,  88 

Hony,  G.  M.  Com.  ii.  210 

Hood,  A.  Capt.  (Lord  Bridport),  i.  212, 

403,  417,  4i9 
Hood,  A.  Capt.  i.  468 
Hood,  A.  Mid.  ii.  5 
Hood,  S.  Capt.  (Lord  Hood),  i.  182,  105, 

313,  325,  338,  343,  366,  3/2,  380 
Hood,  S.  Capt.  i.   378,  456,  477.  484;  ii. 

41,  49,  76,  91,  1/0,  177.  216,  244 
Hood,  S.  T.  Lt.  ii.  405,  416,  432 
Hoope,  J.  Mid.  ii.  262 
Hooper,  B.  Lt.  ii.  398 
Hooper,  J.  S.  Mid.  ii.  398 
Hooper,  T.  Lt.  i.  302 
Hope,  C.  Com.  i.  237 
Hope,  D.  Lt.  ii.  309,  410,  457 
Hope,  G.  Capt.  ii.  121 
Hope,  H.  Capt.  ii.  468,  487.  492 
Hopkins,  E.  Com.  i.  228,  229,  230 
Hopkins,  H.  Lt.  i.  452 
Hopkins,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  483 


Hopkins,  J.  B.  Capt.  i.  229 

Hopkinson,  M.  Clk.  ii.  511 

Hopson,  T.  Adm.  i.  100 

Hore,  D.  Capt.  i.  143 

Horn,  P.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  35 

Horn,  P.  T.  Lt.  ii.  510 

Hornby,  P.  Capt.  ii.  349 

Home,  Clk.  ii.  13 

Horniman,  R.  L.  Purs.  ii.  230 

Hornsey,  J.  Lt.  i.  454 

Horton,  J.  S.  Lt.  i.  4 1 5,  464  ;  ii.  1 

Hosack,  A.  Surg.  ii.  300 

Hosier,  F.  Capt.  i.  125.  128 

Hoskins,  T.  Mast.  ii.  162 

Hoskins,  T.  Mid.  i.  420;  ii.  38 

Hoste,  G.  Capt.  ii.  320 

Hoste,  T.  C.  Mid.  ii.  41 6 

Hoste,  T.  E.  Mid.  ii.  295,  321,  353,  432 

Hoste,  W.  Capt.  i<.  233,  261,  282,   295, 

349,  353,  405,  416,  432,  447 
Hotchkis,  D.  Lt.  i.  318 
Hotham,  Bo.  i.  314 

Hotham,  H.  Lt.  i.  382;  ii.  53,  150,  392 
Hotham,  W.  Capt.  i.  197,  252,  259,  409, 

420 
Hotham,  W.  Capt.  i.  524 
Houdaert,  Capt.  i.  56 
Houghton,  W.  Lt.  ii.  290 
Houlton,  J.  Capt.  i.  302 
Houtuvn,  Adm.  i.  6l 
Howard,  C.  (Earl  of  Nottingham),  i.  27, 

36 
Howard,  S'r  E.  i.  21,  23 
Howard,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  510 
Howard,  Lord  T.  i.  33,  36 
Howard,  Sir  T.  i.  21.  23 
Howden,  M.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  298 
Howe,  Gen.  Sir  W.  i.  238 
Howe,  Hon.  Capt.  R.  (Lord  Howe)  i.  170, 

176,  191,  205,  252,  384,  386,  391,  402 
Howe,  T.  Capt.  i.  229,  278 
Howorth,  J.  Capt.  i.  281 
Hubbard,  J.  Capt.  i.  105 
Hubert,  Capt.  ii.  171 
Hudson,  C.  Capt.  i.  256,  323 
Hudson,  T.  Capt.  i.  97,  99 
Huggins,  E.  J.  Mid.  ii.  102 
Hughes,  C.  Lt.  i.  328,  330 
Hughes,  J.  Mid.  i.  390 
Hughes,  P.  Purs.Mi.  2 
Hughes,  R.  Capt.  i.  125,  187 
Hughes,  R.  Capt.  i.  128,  147 
Hughes,  Adm.  Sir  R.  i.  350 
Hughes,  V.-Adm.  Sir  E.  i.  308,  325,  326, 

330,  333,  355 
Hughes,  W.  Bo.  ii.  399 
Hughes,  W.  J.  Lt.  ii.  174 
Hughes,  W.  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  184 
Huguet,  M.  ii.  251 
Hull,  I.  Capt.  ii.  402 
Huish,  G.  Lt.  ii.  16 
Hulst,  V.-Adm.  i.  59 
Humbert,  Gen.  i.  438 
Humble,  J.  Bo.  ii.  414 
Hume,  Sir  G.  Capt.  i.  302 


2  O  2 


564 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Hume,  J.  Com.  i.  1Q0 
Hume,  J.  Mid.  ii.  300 
Humphreys,  D.  Mid.  i.  396 
Humphreys,  S.  P.  Lt.  i.  516;  ii.  198 
Hungerford,  Sir  W.  i.  19 
Hungerford,  Gen.  ii.  475 
Hunt,  A.  Capt.  i.  382,  427 
Hunt,  H.  Lt.  R.M .  ii.  422,  444 
Hunt,  J.  Capt.  i.  210 
Hunt,  J.  Mid.  ii.  5*3,  535 
Hunt,  W.  B.  Com.  ii.  398 
Hunter,  Bo.  i.  3s6 
Hunter,  C.  N.  Com.  ii.  406 
Hunter,  H.  Mid.  ii.  299 
Hunter,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  49O 
Huntingdon,  Earl  of.  i.  10,  20 
Hurdis,  H.  Mid.  i.  399 
Hurst,  G.  Lt.  ii.  444 
Husband,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  221 
Huskisson,  T.  Com.  ii.  299 
Hussey,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  24 
Hutchings,  J.  Lt.  i.  274 
Hutchings,  W.  B.  Mid.  ii.  365 
Hutcl.ins,  S.  Capt.  i.  123 
Hutchinson,  1).  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  368 
Hutchinson,  W.  1  t.  ii.  432 
HutC,  J.  Capt.  i.  39  1 
Hutton.  H    Lt.  R.M.  ii.  9 
Hyde,  G.  Mate,  ii.  464 

Ibrahim  Pacha,  ii.  514,  537 

Illingworth,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  338 

Incledon,  R.  Lt.  i.  343 

Ingestrie,  Vise.  Coin.  ii.  516 

Inglefield,  J.  Capt.  i.  321 

Inglefield,  S.  H.  Lt.  i.  508;  ii.  231 

Inglis,  C  Capt.  i.  296 

Inglis,  C.  Com.  ii.  23,286 

Inglis,  G.  Lt.  ii.  441 

Inglis,  J.  Com.  i.  308 

Ingram,  W.  Lt.  ii.  451 

Inman,  H.  Capt.  ii.  9. 

Innes,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  45 

Irhv,  Hon-  C.  Lt.  ii.  189 

Irby,  Hon.  Capt.  F.  P.  ii.  265,  355,  417 

Ireland,  T.  Lt.  i.  401 

Irvine,  l.t.  ii.  440 

Irwin,  J.  Capt.  i.  441 

Irwin,  T.  Lt.  i.  483 

Irwin,  W.  Mid.  i.  420 

Isaac  Comnenus,  i.  2 

Ives,  E.  Mast.  i.  512 

Ivey,  VV.  Mid.  i.  395 

Jack,  L.  S.  Lt.  ii.  446 
Jackson,  Mr.  ii.  203 
Jackson,  G.  V.  Lt.  ii.  3f>5 
Jackson,  J.  Lt.   R.M.  ii.  339,  340 
Jackson,  J.  Mast.  i.  454 
Jackson,  R.  M.  Lt.  ii.  456 
Jackson,  S.  Com.  ii.  70 
Jackson,  T.  Mid.  ii.     60 
Jago,  J.  S.  Lt.  i;.  510 
Jago,  S.  Mid.  ii.  143 
James  III.  of  Scotland,  i.  28 


James,  Col.  i.  235 

James,  H.  Lt.  ii.  8 

James,  P.  P.  Lt.  ii.  179 

James,  T.  Bo.  i.  363 

Jance,  Capt.  ii.  250 

Janvrin,  R.  Mid.  i.  508;  ii.  41 

Jardine,  J.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Jarrat,  T.  Carp.  i.  489 

Jay,  C.  H.  Mid.  ii.  105 

Jeakes,  Capt.  ii.  3(2 

Jeans,  J.  Lt.  i.  483 

Jeffery,  S.  Lt.  ii.  188 

Jeffery,  S.  Purs.  ii.  353 

Jrfferys,  C.  Lt.  ii.  312 

Jekvl,  E.  Capt.  i.  213 

Jekyil,  E.  Com.  i.  161 

Jenkins,  G.  Lt.  ii.  307 

Jenkins,  H.  Capt.  i.  497 

Jenkins,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Jenkinson,  V.  Capt.  i.  332 

Jennifer,  J.  Capt.  i.  80 

Jennings,  Sir  J.  i.  6l,  110,  114 

Jennings,  U.  Lt.  i.  462 

Jephcott,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  419 

Jeremy,  C.  D.  Lt.  ii.  302 

Jervis.  J.  Capt.  (Earl  St.  Vincent)  i.  344, 

406,  430,  441,  450.  453  ;  ii.  57 
Jessen,  Capt.  ii.  222 
Jewel,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  483  ;  ii.  14 
Jewell,  W.  N.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Jewen,  R.  F.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  269 
John,  King,  i.  4 
John,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  468 
Johnson,  Mid.  ii.  80 
Johnson,  C.  Lt.  i.  276 
Johnson,  C.  R.  Lt.  ii.  526 
Johnson,  E.  Lt.  it.  35 
Johnson,  F.  J.  Lt.  ii.  510 
Johnson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  235 
Johnson,  R.  Capt.  i.  125 
Johnson    R.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  332 
Johnson,  R.  Mast.  i.  313 
Johnson,  W.  Lt.  i.  336 
Johnston,  Capt.  i.  247 
Johnston,  D.  Lt.  i.  462 
Johnstone,  G.  Com.  i.  311 
Johnstone,  J.  Com.  ii.  60 
Jol-ffe.  Capt.  Le,  i    503 
Johffe,  G.  Lt.  i.  483 
Johffe,  P.  i.  91 
Jones,  Mare,  i.  509 
Jones,  C.  Capt.  i.  430 
Jones,  C.  Lt.  i.  328;  ii.  223 
Jones,  C.  Mast    Mate,  ii.  413 
Jones,  C.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Jones,  D.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  287 
Jones,  E.  Mid.  ii.  84 
Jones,  G.  M.  Lt.  ii.  295 
Jones,  J.  Capt.  ii.  407 
Jones,  J.  Com.  i.  244 
Jones,  J.  Lt.  ii.  202 
Jones,  J.  Mast,  ii    258 
Jones,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  22 
Jones,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  338,  340 
Jones,  L.  T.  Mid.  ii.  511 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


565 


Jones,  Paul,  i.  228,  26l,  286 

Tones,  R.  Capt.  ii.  56 

Jones,  T.  Capt.  i.  355 

Jones,  T.  Lt.  ii.  3y4 

Jones,  T.  A.  C.  Lt.  ii.  488 

Jones,  T.  P.  Mid.  i.  463 

Jones,  T.  W.  Lt.  ii.  438 

Jones,  W.  Mast.  Mate.  ii.  195 

Jones,  W.  Surg.  i.  370 

Jonquiere,  M.  de  la.  i.  159 

Jordain,  J.  Surg.  i.  452 

Jordan,  J.  Capt.  i.  42,  49,  60, 65 

Jordan,  J.  Lt.'i.  247 

Joy,  W.  Bo.  ii.  35 

Joyce,  J.  Com,  ii.  269 

Joyeuse,  V.-Adm.  i.  416 

Joyner,  Capt.  i.  352 

Julien,  AHrn.  St.  i.  367 

Jumper,  W.  Capt.  i.  89,  94,  95,  106,  109 

Jurien,  P.  Capt.  ii.  12 

Justo,  Capt.  Don  San,  i.  168 

Kay,  Lt.  ii.  381 

Kearney,  M.  Lt.  i.  198 

Keating,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  298,322 

Keats,  R.  G.  Com.   i.   348,  404,  420,  433, 

491  ;  ii.  46,  48,  173 
Keav,  Mid.  ii.  511 
Kee'le,  C.  Mid.  ii.  414 
Keele,  E.  Mid.  ii.  414 
Keenan,  J.  Lt.  ii.  389 
Keener,  G.  Lt  i.  462 
Keith,  B.  Capt.  i.  213 
Keith.  G.  Lt.  i.  312 
Keith,  sir  G.  M.  Lt  ii.  374,  446 
Keith,  V.-Adm.  Lord   i.  515  ;  ii.  6,  22 
Kellerman,  Gen.  i.  368 
Kellv,  B.  M.  Com.  ii.  372,  373 
Kelly,  M.  Mid.  i.  395 
Kelly,  R.  Gun.  ii.  359 
Kelson,  Adm.  Van,  i.  45 
Kempenfelt,  R.  Capt.  i.  324,  346 
Kempthorn,  C.  H.  Mid.  ii.  295 
Kempthorn,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  65,  71 
Kempthorn,  M.  Capt.  i.  76 
Kempthorne,  J.  Lt.  i   250,  349 
Kempthorne,  T.  Capt.  i.  131 
Kempthorne,  W.  Lt.  ii.  296,  504 
Kenah,  R.  Com.  ii.  323,  479,  485 
Kendall,  B.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  254 
Kendall,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  290 
Kennedy,  A.  Capt.  i.  207 
Kennedy,  T.  Capt.  i.  Ill 
Kennedy,  T.  F.  Lt.  ii.  135,  145 
Kennico'tt,  C.  Mid.  ii.  418 
Kennicott,  G.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Kent,  B.  Lt.  ii.  404 
Kent,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  194 
Keppel,  Hon.  Capt.  A.  (Lord  Keppel)  i. 

205,  217,  262 
Keppel,  G.  Capt.  i.  253 
Kerdaniel,  Lt.  ii.  289 
Kergariou,  Chev.  de,  i.  306,  353 
Kerguelen,  Com.  ii.  147 
Kerjulien,  R.-Adm.  ii.  450 


Kerr,  A.  R.  Lt.  i.  365,  517  ;  ii.  265,  314 

Kerr,  W.  Capt.  i.  Ill 

Kersaint,  M.  de,  i.  177,  205 

Kersey,  J.  Bo.  i.  125 

Kersteman,  L.  Lt.  ii.  214 

Killegrew,  .1.  Com.  i.  91 

Killingworth,  T.  Capt.  i.  91 

Killog.ivoff,  Lt.  ii.  8 

King,  A.  Lt.  ii.  34,  145 

King,  E.  1).  Lt.  i.  430;  ii.  174 

King,  G.  M.  Lt.  ii.  510 

King,  H.  Lt.  ii.  483 

King:,  Lt.  i.  315 

King,  N.  Mid.  ii.  1 93 

King,  R.  Capt.  i.  222,  328,  496  ;  ii.  19,  121, 

444 
Kins?,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  262 
King,  W.  Lt.  ii.  91 
Kingdom,  J.  Mid.  ii.  338 
Kingsmill,  R.  Capt.  i.  264 
Kingston,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 
Kinneer,  F.  \V.  Mid.  i.  400 
Kiupen,  G.  Com.  ii.  468 
Kirby,  E.  Mast,  i.  483 
Kirby,  R.  Capt.  i.  92 
Kirby,  R.  Capt.  i.  57 
Kirhy.  W.  Mast.  ii.  57 
Kirchner,  J.  G.  Lt.  i.  483 
Kiriet,  Adm.  i.  10,  12 
Kirk,  E.  B.  Mid.  ii.  498 
Kirkhy,  R.  Capt.  i.  97-  99 
Kirktown.  R.  Capt.  i.  105 
Kitchen,  W.  Surg.  Mate,  i.  294 
Kleber,  Gen.  i.  511 
Knapman,  J.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Knaj.man,  VV.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  353 
Knatchbull,  C.  Capt.  i.  321 
Kneeshaw,  J.  Lt.  ii.  446 
Knell,  W.  Lt.  i.  270 
Knight,  H.  Lt.  ii.  1 96,  197,  204 
Knight,  J.  Capt.  i.  337 
Knifjht,  W.  Lt.  i.  508,  509 
Knight,  W.  Mate.  i.  370 
Knivett,  Sir  T.  i.  21 
Knollis,  Lt.  i    207 

Knowles.  C.  Capt.  i.  139,  142,  145,  146, 147 
Knowles,  Capr.  Sir  C.  i.  306 
Knowles,  J.  Lt.  i.  250,  285 
Krabbe,  Capt.  ii.  11 
Kruysen,  Comm.  i.  6.3 
Kynaston,  C.  H.  Mid.  ii.  160 
Kynson,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 

Laar,  C.  Capt.  ii.  443 

La  Caille,  Capt.  ii.  274 

Laban,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 

La  Breteche,  Lt.  ii.  300 

Laccy,  Bo.  ii.  ;80 

La  Crosse,  Com.  i.  433 

Lafont,  Capt.  ii.  344 

Laforey,  F    Capt.  i.  403,  470,  486 ;  ii.'  12 

Laforey,  J.  Com.i.  193 

Lahalle,  Capt.  ii.  261 

Lai.  g,  1).  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  367 

Lake,  Hon.  VV.  Lt.  ii.  73 


56G 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Lalonde,  Capt.  ii.  46 

Lamarque,  C.  Capt.  ii.  87 

Lamb,  J.  Capt.  i.  57 

Lamb,  J.  Mid.  ii.  154 

Lamb,  W.  It.  i.  462 

Lamhe,  J.  Lt.  ii.  224 

L'Ambert,  Capt.  i.  217 

Lambert,  A.  Mid.  i.  507 

Lambert,    H.    Com.  ii.   84,   97,   314,   317, 

322,  329,  333,  336,  411,  413 
Lambert  J.  Capt.  i.  57 
Lamming,  T.  Lt.  i.  58 
Lamond,  D.  Mast.  ii.  35 
Lancaster,  Earl  of,  i.  15 
Lancaster,  H.  Mid.  ii.  300 
Lancaster,  R.  D.  Lt.  ii.  463 
Landais,  P.  Capt.  i.  287,  390 
Landlands,  R.  Mast.  ii.  392 
Lane,  Col.  ii.  533 
Lane,  C.  H.  Lt.  i.  299 
Lane,  G.  D.  Mid.  ii.  237 
Langara,  Adm.  Don,  i.  297,  368 
Langdcn,  J.  Lt.  ii.  195 
Langdon,  \V.  Capt.  i.  177 
Langfe.^ty,  Mid.  i.  483 
Langford,  F.  Lt.  ii.  57 
Langford,  G.  Com.  ii.  218 
Langland.  R.  Mast.  ii.  367 
Langton,  T.  Mid.  ii.  3/1 
Langton,  T.  W.  Mid.  ii.  405,  432 
Lannps,  Gen.  i.  511 
Lanphier,  V.  Lt.  ii.  314 
Lapenotiere,  J.  R.  Lt.  ii.  120,  343 
Lapoype,  Gen.  i.  368;  ii.  75 
Larans,  J.  Surg.  ii.  399 
Larcom,  T.  Capt.  i.  417 
Larkins,  Capt.  ii.  169 
Larmour,  J.  Capt.  ii.  22 
Laroque,  Capt.  i.  450 

Laton,  J.  Capt.  i.  80 

Launder,  P.  W.  Lt.  i.  483 

Laugharne,  A.  Capt.  i.  63 

Laugharne,  M.  Com.  i.  316 

Laugharne,  T.    L.   P.   Mate,   ii.  264,  295, 
315,  401 

Laurence,  T.  Capt.  i.  125 

Laurie,  Sir  R.  Capt.  ii.  98 

Laurie,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  192 

Lavie,  T.  Capt.  ii.  1  / 1 

Law,  H.  Mid.  ii.  369 

Law,  J.  Lt.  ii.  428 

Lawford,  J.  Capt.  ii.  224 

Lawless,  P.  Lt.  ii.  246 

Lawrence,  Mr.  i.  122 

Lawrence,  D,  Lt.  ii.  255 

Lawrence,  J.  Capt.  ii.  395,  421,  426 

Lawrence,  J.  Capt.  ii.  525 

Lawrence,  -I.  Com.  ii.  420,  424 

Lawrence,  J.  Lt.  ii.  160 

Lawrence,  J.  Lt.  ii.  247 

Lawrence,  J.  Lt.  R.M    ii.  478 

Lawrie,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  460 

Lawrie,  R.  Lt.  i.  390  ;  ii.  26 

Laws,  W.  Capt.  i.  141 

Lawson,  Capt.  i.  307 


Lawson,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  43,  49,  53,  57 

Lawson,  W.  Capt.  i.  57 

Lawson,  W.  Mast.  i.  483 

Lawson,  W.  Mate,  ii.  106 

Leake,  Adm.  Sir  J.  i.  108,  113,  128 

Leake,  Capt.  i.  109 

Leake,  Sir  A.  Capt.  i.  105 

Leake,  W.  M.  Lt.  ii.  84 

Leckey,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  488 

Lee,  J.  Com.  i.  518 

Lee,  Major-Gen.  i.  234 

Lee,  M.  Mast.  i.  483 

Lee,  W.  V.  Mid.  ii.  521 

Leech,  A.  Mast.  ii.  454 

Leech,  R.  Mid.  ii.  340 

Leef,  T.  Com.  ii.  10 

Leeke,  H.  J.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Lefroy,  C.  H.  B.  Mid.  ii.  98 

Ltgarde,  Capt.  ii.  453 

Leggatt,  J.  Surg.  i.  413 

Leggatt,  R.  Lt.  i.  318 

Legge,  Hon.  A.  K.  Capt.  i.  385,  424 

Legue,  G.  Capt.  i.  71 

Legge,  G.  Capt.  i.  191 

Legge,  T.  Capt.  i.  104,  120 

Le  Geyt.  G.  Com.  ii.  100,  1"6,  256 

Lejoille,  Comm.  i.  488,  506 

Lelv.  P.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Le  Menard,  C.  Lt.  ii.  118 

Le  Mesurier,  B.  G.  Lt.  ii.  542 

Lemonesquier,  Capt.  ii.  310 

Lempriere,  J.  Capt.  i.  103t  104 

Lendick,  J.  Lt.  i.  162 

Le  Neve,  R.  Capt.  i.  71 

Lennock,  G.  G.  Com.  ii.  374 

Lennox,  C.  Capt.  i.  440 

Lenox,  J.  Lt.  i.  428 

LeparJ,  T.  Mid.  i.  463 

Leriche,  W.  Purs    ii.  175 

Lesby,  R.  Mast.  ii.  332,  335 

Leslie,  C.  Lt.  i.  215 

Leslie,  L.  Capt.  i.  145 

Leso,  Adm.  Don  Bias  de,i.  141 

Lester,  W.  Lt.  ii.  442 

Lestock,  R.  Capt.  i.  114,  122,  142,  152 

Letchmere,  E.  Capt.  i.  104 

Letendeur,  M.  de,  i.  162 

Lett,  J.  Lt.  i.  356 

Le  Vesconte,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 

Le  Vesconte,  P.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Levison,  Sir  R.  i.  37 

Lewis,  A.  Mast.  ii.  444 

Lewis,  F.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  353 

Lewis,  G.  Maj.  ii.  474 

Lewis,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  36l 

Lewis,  J.  Bo.  ii.  521 

Lewis,  J.  Lt.  ii.  1 75 

Leybourne,  Sir  W.  de,  i.  7 

L'Hullier,  Capt.  i.  403 

Libby,  E.  Lt.  i.  449 

Liddon,  Off.  Lt.  ii.  420 

Liddon,  W.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Litthton,  T.  Capt.  i.  77 

Lilharne,  J.  Com.  ii.  355,  378,  389 

Liucoln,  Gen.  i.  283,  285 


INDEX   OF   NAMES. 


567 


Lind,  J.  Capt.  ii.  89 

Lindholm,  Adj. -Gen.  ii.  33 

Lindsay,  Capt.  i.  218 

Lindsay,  D.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  46 

Lindsay,  J.  Capt.  i.  195,  209,  210 

Lindsay,  J.  Lt.  ii.  242 

Lingen,  J.  Capt.  i.  158 

Linois,  A.  L.  D.  Capt.   i.  384;  ii.  41,48, 

79,  89.  113,  162 
Linthorne,  J.  Mid.  i.  396 
Linzee,  R.  Capt.  i.  231,  355,  372,  380 
Linzee,  S.  H.  Capt.  ii.  19 
Lions,  A.  Mast.  ii.  6l 
Lions,  J.  Mid.  ii.  22 
Lisle,  W.  Capt.  i.  158 
Little,  J.  Lt.  ii.  208,  314 
Little,  R.  Bo.  ii.  144 
Little,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  342 
Littlehales,  R.  B.  Lt.  i.  410 
Littlejohn,  Capt.  i.  409 
Littleton,  Hon.  Lt.  i.  311 
Liven,  T.  Mid.  ii.  362 
Livingstone,  G.  A.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  449 
Livingstone,  Sir  T.  Capt.  ii.  164,  184,  21!, 

213 
Lloyd,  E,  Lt.  ii.  298 
Lloyd,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  82 
Lloyd,  J.  Capt.  i.  50 
Llovd,  J.  L.  Lt.  ii.  144 
Lloyd,  M.  Mid.  ii.  166 
Llovd,  R.  Lt.  ii.  143 
Llovd,  R.  Lt.  ii.  359,  487 
Lloyd,  W.  Mate,  ii.  521 
Lloyd,  W.  G.  Lt.  R.M.ii.  456 
Loch,  F.  E.  Com.  ii.  454 
Lock,  A.  Bo.  ii.  262 
Lock,  R.  Lt.  i.  283,  285 
Lock,  W.  Lt.  i.  348 
Lockhart,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  214 
Lockhart,  J.  Capt.  i.  180,  198 
Lockyer,  N.  Lt.  ii.  88,  436,  488,  490 
Losgie,  J.  Capt.  i.  206,  216 
Long,  B.  le,  Capt.  i.  504 
Long,  C.  Capt.  i.  142 
Long,  C.  Lt.  i.  413 
Long,  G.  Lt.  i.  326 
Long,  G.  Lt.  i.  428  ;  ii.  4,  60 
Long,  H.  Capt.  i.  119 
Long,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 
Long,  T.  Capt.  i.  126 
Longford,  Capt.  Lord,  i.  264,  299 
Loring,  J.  Capt.  ii.  66 
Loring,  J.  W.  Mid.  i.  368;  ii.  164,  355 
Losack,  W.  Lt.  ii.  50,  359,  36l,  410 
Louis,  G.  D.  Mast.  ii.  260 
Louis,  T.  Capt.  ii.  14,  119,  1/9 
Love,  T.  Mast.  i.  343 
Lovedav,  E.  Mid.  ii.  235 
Loveless,  B.  J.  Lt.  ii.  432,  447 
Lovell,  Gen.  i.  280 
Lovell,  J.  i.  455 
Lowdon,  Mid.  ii.  510 
Lowry,  J.  Mid.  ii.  14 
Lucas,  Capt.  ii.  147 
Lucas,  R.-Adm.  i.  437 


Lucas,  J.  Mid.  i.  399 
Lucis,  M.  R.  Lt.  ii.  234 
Lucas,  R.  Capt.  i.  433 
Luckraft,  A.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Ludlow,  C.  Capt.  ii.  364 
Ludwig,  G.  Mid.  i.  294 
Luke,  G.  Lt.  i.  363 
Lukey,  P.  Mast.  i.  181 
Lumley,  J.  R.  Lt.  ii.  87,  431,  491 
Lumley,  Hon.  Capt.  T.  i.  326,  334 
Lumsdaine,  G.  Capt.  i.  36l,  437 
Lund,T.  Mid.  i   449 
Luscombe,  F.  Mid.  ii.  536 
Luscombe,  S.  Mid.  i.  472 
Lushington,  F.  Capt.  i.  146 
Luthill,  H.  Mid.  ii   300 
Lutman,  C.  Mid.  ii.  224 
Luttrell,  J.  Hon.  Capt.   i.  350 
Lutwidge,  S.  Capt.  i.  366 
Lydiard,  C.  Lt.  i.  430  ;  ii.  174,  186 
Lyons,  E.  Mid.  ii.  193,  324,  370 
Lyons,  M.  Lt.  ii.  520 

Mabroux,  Capt.  i.  520 

Macirtney,  J.  Capt.  i.  318 

Macbridej  J.  Lt.  i.  217,  297,  308,  324 

Macdonald,  Sea.  ii.  527 

Macdonald,  A.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  13 

Macdonald,  C.  Coin.  ii.  442 

Macdonald,  R.  Capt.  i  77 

Macdonough,  T.  C<>m.  ii.  470 

Macdougall,  .1.  Lt.  ii.  531 

Mackay,  Capt.  i.  151 

Mackay,  D.  Lt.  i.  282 

Mackenzie,  A.  Capt.  ii.  81,  156 

Mackenzie,  G.  C.  Com.  ii.  154,  235,  448 

Mackenzie,  K.  Lt.  ii.  19,  86 

Mackey,  C.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Mackey,  M.  Lt.  i.  407 

A{acuamara,  Cumin,  i.  155 

Macnamara,  J.  Capt.  i.  423,  430,  521  ;   ii. 

354 
Macquet,  Capt.  ii.  260 
Madden,  L.  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  377 
Maddox,  Purs.  ii.  97 
Madison,  Mr.  ii.  477 
Magee,  Ma>t.  i.  36l 
Magon,  Adm.  ii.  120 
Magui,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  195 
Maguire,  R.  Mate,  ii.  535 
Maidstone,  Lord,  i.  69 
Main,  Mid.  ii.  18 
Main,  T.  Sea.  ii.  137 
Mainwaring,  J.  Capt.  i.  432,  467 
Maitland,  Capt.  R.M.  i.  334 
Maitland,  Hon.  A.  Mid.  ii.  57,  504 
Maitland,  Hon.  Capt.  F.  i.  200,  344 
Maitland,  F.   L.  Capt.  ii.  65,  89,  104,  153, 

221,  265,  279,  500 
Maitland,  J.  Capt.  ii.  66,  149 
Maitland,  Hon.  Major  J.  i.  249 
Maitland,  W.  Lt.  ii  529 
Majendie,  J.  Lt.  ii.  25 
Majoribanks,  G.  Lt.  ii.  328 
Malcolm,  Maj.  ii.  460 


568 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Malcolm,  C.  Capt.  ii.  500 

Malcolm,  P.  Capt.  ii.  147,  159,  265,  4/5 

Mall,  T    Lt.  i.  217 

Maling.  T.  J.  Lt.  i.  453 

Malkuk,  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  103 

Maione,  W    Lt.  ii.  398 

Man,  R.  Capt.  i.  220 

Manby,  T.  Capt.  ii.  21 

Manley,  J.  Capt.  i.  430 

Manley,  J.  Cumin,  i.  242,  244 

Mann,  J.  Capt.  i.  42 

Mann,  R.  Capt.  i.  310 

Manners,  C.  Lt.  ii.  1 70,  171 

Manners,  Capt.  Lord  R.  i.  343 

Manners,  W.  Com.  ii.  395,  462 

Manny,  Sir  W.  i.  8,  12,  13 

Mansel,  Sir  R.  i.  38 

Mansel,  R.  Com.  ii.  24 

Mansel.  T.  Mid.  i.  449,  483 

Mansell,  G.  Com.  ii.  525,  533 

Mansfield,  C.  J.  M.  Capt.  ii.  121 

Mansfield,  G.  V.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  305 

Mansfield,  J.  M.  Capt.  i.  440  ;  ii.  65 

Maples,  J.  F.  Lt.  i.  452;  ii.  436 

Maplesdon.  J.  Capt.  i.  192 

Mapleron,  D.  Lt.  ii.   1S9 

Mari,  RearAdm.i.  131 

Market',  A.  Lt.  i.  314 

Markham,  G.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Markland,  I)    Com.  ii.  293 

Marks,  J.  Bo.  ii.  f>9 

Marlborough,  Duke  of.  i.  191 

Marlborough.  Capr.  Earl  of,  i.  57 

Marley,  R.  Mid.  ii.  102 

Marlow,  B.  Cant.  i.  1 86,  193,  267 

Marques,  Lt.-Col.  ii.  25  J 

Marne,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 

Marsden,  M.  Purer,  ii.  273 

Marsh,  S.  Mast.  i.  524 

Marsh,  l>.  Mid.  ii   338 

Marshall,  J.  Com.  ii.  414,  446 

Marshall,  J.  Mid.  ii.  343 

Marsr.a'l,  S.  Capt.  i.  263 

Marshall,  8.  Lt.  ii.  434 

Marshall,  S.  Mid.  ii.  174 

Marshall,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  195 

Mart,  Cam.  ii.  288 

Martel,  Rcar-Adm.  de.  i.  72 

Martin,  A.  Mast.  ii.  236 

Martin,  G.   Capt.   i.   452  ;    ii.   13,  14,  286, 

299 
Martin,  G.  B.  Com.  ii.  516 
Martin,  H.  B.  Capr.  ii.  525,  544 
Martin,  J    Mid.  i.  .-,73 
Martin,  R.  Adni.  i.  409 
Martin,  S.  Capt.  i.  1  12 
Martin,  T.   B.  Capt.  i.  428,  495  ;   ii.  8,  59, 

244,  290 
Manin,  \V.  Capt.  i.6l 
Martingale,  S.  Capt.  i.  228 
Martingale,  S.  Mid.  ii.  98 
Martvn,  G.  P.  Surg.  ii.  317 
Masefieid,  J.  O.  Cm.  ii.  7] 
Mason,  C.  Capt.  i.'33n\  352 
Mason,  F.  Com.  ii.  86,  93,  224 


Masseredo,  Adm.  ii.  46 
Massey,  G.  Mid.  i.  462 
Master,  S.  Capt.  i.  131 
Masterman,  W.  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  104 
Ma-ters,  T.  J.  P.  Lt.  ii.  399 
Mather,  W.  Lt.  ii.  39,  41,  188 
Mathew,  Maj  -Gen.  i.  275 
Mathe«s,  Capr.  i.  370 
Mathews,  T.  Capt.  i.  131 
Mathias,  Bo.  i.  488 
Matson,  H.  Mate,  i.  370 ;  ii.  19 
Matson,  R.  Capt.  ii.  19 
Manerface,  W.  Lt.  ii.  300,  487 
Matthews,  T.  Capt.  i.  131,  149,  152 
Matthias.  T.  J.  Clerk,  ii.  414 
Maude,  Hon.  J.  A.  Lt.  ii.  300,  516 
Maude,  W.  Capt.  ii.  2bl 
Mauger,  N.  Lt.  i.  505;  ii.  5S 
Maunsell    R.  Mid.  ii.  87.  328,  525 
Maurice,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  77,  355 
Maxwell,  C.  VV.  Lt.  ii.  291 
Maxwell,  G.  Lt.  i.  3i8 
Maxwell,  H.  Mid.  ii.  358 
Maxwell,  J.  Pur.  i.  522 
Maxwell,  K.  Lt.  ii.  51,  88 
Maxwell,  M.  Capt.  ;i.  70,  91,  358,  382 
Maxwe'l,  W.  Bo.  ii.  510 
Mavnard,  Hon.  Capt.  H.  i.  120,  123 
Mayne,  C.  Capt.  i.  139 
Mavne,  D.  Lt.  i.  4Q8 
Mayne,  D.  Mid   ii.  500 
Mayston,  Mr.  ii.  499 
M'Adam,  D.  Lt.  ii.  369 
M'Aulev,  A.  ii.  290 
M'Beath,  A.  Lt.  i.  452 
M'Call.  Lt.  ii.  438 
M'Carthv,  J.  Bo.  ii.  99 
M'Carthv,  W.  Mid.  i.  306 
M'Cartie,  Com.  i.  209 
M'Caul,  A.  Mid.  ii.  225 
M'Cleverty,  W.  Capt.  i.  199 
M'Clintock,  H.  B.  Mid.  ii.  508 
M'Cloud,  Mid.  ii.  60 
M' Crawley.  D    B.  ii.  180 
M'Creery,  D.  Lt.  ii.  438 
M'Cuin,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  26 
M'Cullock,  A.  Mid.  ii.  144 
M'Curdie,  A.  Mast.  i.  285 
iM'Curriy,  J.  L'.ii.  358 
M' Daniel,  J.  Mate,  ii.  477 
M'Dermert,  J.  Lt.  ii.  10 
M'Donald,  C.  Com.  ii.  378 
M'  Donald,  Mate,  i.  285 
M'Donaid,  J.  Lt.ii.  497 
M'Donald,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  267 
M'Donald,  J.  Mart.  Mate,  ii.  344,  37* 
M'Dougal,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  301 
M'Dougal,  J.  Lt.  ii.  368 
M'Dougall,  J.  Lt.  ii.  510 
M'(ihie,  J.  Lt.  ii.  470 
M'Gie,  G.  Lt.  ii    513 
MS.ill,  Mid.  ii.  102 
M'Grear'.r,  Air.  ii.  199 
M'Guffock,  .1.  Mid.  i.  413 
M'Gwier,  Bo.  ii.  65 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


569 


M'Kay,  C.  Lt.  ii.  407 

M'Kean,  J.  Mid.  ii.  416,  432 

M'Keene,  I.  Lt.  ii.  488 

M'Kenzie,  A.  Com.  i.  515 

M'Kenz'e,  D.  Mid.  ii.  490 

M'Kenzie,  J.  Lt.  ii.  2'1 

M'Kenzie,  T.  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  196 

M'Kerlie,  J.  Mid.  i.  440;  ii.  145,343 

M'Kinley,  G.  Lt.  i.  426 

M'Kinley,  G.  Mid.  ii   35 

M'Kinn<>n,  H.  Mid.  i.  449 

MLachlan,  A.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  342 

M'Lean,  Gen.  i.  280 

M'l  ean,  K.  Mid.  ii.  144 

M'Lean,  T.  Mid.  ii.  225 

M'Le!  an,  D.  Capt.  i.  308,  330,  332 

M'Leod,  D.  Com.  ii.  70 

M'Meekan,  A.  Lt.  ii.  389 

MMullen,  J.  Surg.  i.  522 

M'Niel,  H.  Capt.  i.  242,  244 

M'Night,  Surg.  Mate.  i.  294 

M'Phrrson,  J.  Mast.  ii.  327, 

M  Queen,  Mid.  ii.  627 

M 'Queen,  J.  Mast.  ii.  365 

M'Veagh,  P.  Lt   ii.  46l 

Mead,  J.  Capt.  i.  220 

Meade,  J.  Lt.  ii.  198 

Meade,  S.  Capt.  i.  122 

Mears,  J.  Lt.  ii.  321 

Mears,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  343,  353,  369 

Meriina,  Don  N.  de,  i.  310 

Medina  Sidonia,  Duke  of,  i.  29 

Mrdwav,  J-  A.  Mid.  ii.  2 

Meech.G.  l.t.  R.M.  ii.  221 

Meesters,  Mr.  i.  9i»,  93 

Mehemet  All,  ii.  524 

Melhuish,  J.  Lt.  i.  370  ;  ii.  70 

Melstedt.  Maj.  ii.  356 

Melvill,  P.  Capt.  i.  315 

Mendel,  P.  Lt.  ii.  143 

Mends,  H.  B.  Lt.  R  M.  ii.  154 

Mends,  R.  Lt.  i.  419  ;  "•  278,  280 

Mend^,  T.  Surg.  ii.  510 

Menzies,  Maj.  i.  237 

Menzies,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  179 

Mercer,  a  pirate,  i.  17 

Mercer,  E.  F.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  285 

Mercier,  C.  Mid.  ii.  340 

Meredith,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 

Meriton,  H.  Capt.  ii.  12,  322 

Metcalfe,  G.Mast.  i.  4"1 

Michell,  F.  T.  Lt.  ii.  508,  525 

Michie,  C.  1  apt.  i.  2'  3 

Middlemore.  Lt.  i.  *56 

Middleton,  H.  B.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  337 

Middleton,  J.  Mate,  ii.  60 

Middleion,  J.  Pur.  i.  464 

Middleton,  R.  G.  Lt.  i.  370,  413,470 

Middleton,  YV.  Carp.  ii.  300 

Miell,  C.  Mid.  i.  483 

Mighels,  Capt.  i.  104,  109 

Mighels,  J.  Capt.  i.  128,  135 

Mihell,  J.  Capt.  i.  124 

Miles,  J.  Com.  ii.  123 

Miles,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  197 


Miles,  L.  Mid.  ii.  254 

Milbourne,  C.  R.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Milburn,  J.  Mast.  i.  270,  305 

Mildmay.  Capt.  i.  41,  44 

MiMridtre,  M.  Mid.  ii.  103,  221 

Milius,  Capt.  ii.  114 

Millar,  G.  Lt.  i.  210 

Millar,  Mast.  i.  296 

Millard,  YV.  Lt.  ii.  169 

Millhanke,  H.  Mate,  ii.  144 

Miller,  G.  C'>m.  ii.  23,  302 

Miller,  J.  i.  113 

Miller,  J.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Miller,  R.  Capt.  i.  60 

Miller,   R.  W.  Lt.  i.  370,  444,   446,  456, 

506,  511 
Millet,  R.  Mid.ii.  375 
Milhgao,  J.  Capt.  i.  244 
Mills,  A.  Lt.  i.  165 
Mills,  G.  Lt.  ii.  242 
Mills,  J.  Mid.  ii.  490 
Milne,  D.  Lt.  i   407,  408,  472  ;  ii.  13,  504, 

508 
Milne,  G.  Lt.  ii.  13 
Milne,  J.  Capt.  i.  406 
Milne,  J.  Mid.  i.  462 
Milne.  T.  Mid.  ii.  292 
Minchin,  P.  Capt.  i.  412 
Minchin,  W    Lt.  ii.  35 
Min'iham,  W.  ii.  427 
Minto.  W.  Maj.  R.M.  ii.  24 
Mitchell,  Vire-Adm.  i.  516 
Mitchell,  A.  Capt.  i.  346 
Mitcheli,  A.  Mid.  ii.  106 
Mitchell,  C.  Lt.  ii.  99 
Mitchell,  C.  Pilot,  ii.  518 
Mitchell,  H.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Mitchell,  J.  Capt.  i.  269 
Mitchell,  J.  Mast.  i.  154 
Mitchell,  L.  D.  Mid.  ii.  511 
Mitchell,  M.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  463 
Mitchell,  S.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  395 
M'tchelL  YV.  Mast,  i.  390 
Mittord,  R.  Com.  ii.  313 
Moffat,  R.  Mid.  ii.  235 
Moffat,  T.  Capt.  ii.  447 
Moharein  Bey,  ii.  5l6 
Molesworth,  B.  Lt.  ii.  391 
Molloy,  A.  J.  P.  Lt.  i.  236,  322,  393 
Mombazon,  Prince  de,  i.  192 
Monckton,  J.  Lt.  i.  302 
Moncousa,  Capt.  ii.  46 
Money,  C.  B.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  395 
Money,  G.  Mid.  ii.  432 
Money,  R.  Com.  ii.  476,  484 
Moniort,  ain4,  Com.  ii.  383 
Monk,  Gen.   i.   43,   45.     See  Albemarle, 

Duke  of 
Monk.  G.  M.  Lt.  ii.  509 
Monk,  T.  Capt.  i.  80 
Monkton,  J.  Lt.  i.  396,  412 
Monson,  Sir  YV.  i.  33,  36,  37,  46 
Montagu,  Mr.  i.  69 
Montagu,  G.  Capt.  i.  228,  267,  285,  308, 

384 


570 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Montagu,  G.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Montagu,  J.  Capt.  i.  269,  325,  385,  400 

Montagu,  J.  Capt.  i.  159 

Montagu,  Capt.  Hon.  W.  i.  159 

Montagu,  W.  A.  Capt.  ii.  222,  312 

Montalan,  Capt.  i.  408 

Montay,  Capt.  Sieur  de,  i.  197 

Montfort,  John,  Count  of,  i.  12 

Montfort,  Countess  of,  i.  13 

Montfort,  Lt.  ii.  65 

Montgomery,  A.  Capt.  i.  409 

Montgomery,  R.  Mid.  i.  305 

Montguiote,  Vicomte  de,  i.  345 

Montresor,  H.  Com.  ii.  488 

MooHie.  J.  Capt.  i.  101 

Moodie,  R.  Lt.  ii.  391 

Moore,  Mid.  i.  410 

Moore,  G.  Mid.  ii.  224,  369 

Moore,  G.  Capt.  i.  412,  468,  493;  ii.  90, 

415 
Moore,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  375 
Moore,  H.  Mast.  ii.  384 
Moore,  H.  Mast.  ii.  359 
Moore,  J.  Capt.  i.  162 
Moore,  Gen.  Sir  J.  ii.  244 
Moore,  J.  Mid.  ii.  195 
Moore,  J.  Mid.  ii.  481 
Moore,  M.  Capt.  i.  185 
Moore,  O.  Lt.  ii.  87 
Moore,  T.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  521 
Moore,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  283,  295,  321,  353 
Moore,  T.  G.  Mid.  ii.  490 
Moresby,  F.  Lt.  ii.  242 
Moorman,  C.  S.  Mid.  i.  462 
Moorsom,  C.  R.  Com.  ii.  504 
Moorsom,  R.  Capt.  ii.  121,  144 
Mortham,  P.  Capt.  i.  60 
Morat  Rais,  i.  76 
Mordaunt,  Hon.  Capt.  H.  i.  115 
Moreau,  C.  Lt.  ii.  169,  220 
Moreno,  V.-Adm.  ii.  46 
Morgan,  Mast.  Mate,  i.  428 
Morgan,  Sir  P.  i.  22 
Morgan,  G.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Morgan,  H.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Morgan,  J.  Lt.  i.  370,  463 
Morgan,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  380 
Morgan,  W.  M.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  511 
Morgan,  W.  T.  Lt.  ii.  493 
Moriartv,  R.  Mid.  ii.  369 
Moriarty.  W.  Mid.  ii.  227 
Morice.Capt.  ii.  331 
Morlett,  R.  ii.  335 
M(  rlev,  Sir  R.  i.  10 
Morris,  A.  Lt.  i.  364 
Morrs,  C.  Capt.  ii.  468 
Morris,  E    Mid.  i.  509 
Morris,  F.  Chap.  i.  512 
Morris,  F.  Mate,  ii.  531 
Morris,  G.  Com.  ii.  81 
Morris,  G.  Mid.  i.  387 
Morris,  J.  Capt.  i.  236 
Morris,  J.  N.  Capt.  ii.  16.  121,  128 
Morrison,  A.  Lt.   R.M.  ii.  314,  358,  531, 

533 


Morrison,  I.  H.  Com.  ii.  443 

Morrison,  J.  Capt.  ii.  22 

Morrison,  J.  Mid.  ii.  189 

Morrison,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  152 

Morshead,  J.  Lt.  ii.  536 

Morten,  F.  Mid.  ii.414 

Mortham,  P.  Capt.  i.  50 

Mortimer,  J.  Lt.  i.  449 

Mortlock,  L.  Com.  i.  501 

Morton,  Bo.  ii.  246 

Morton,  T.  S.  Mate,  i.  470 

Mosse,  J.  R.  Capt.  ii.  27,  35 

Mostyn,  S.  Capt.  i.  156 

Motard,  Capt.  ii.  223 

Motte,  M.  de  la,  i.  170 

Mottley,  S.  Lt.  ii.  469 

Moubray,  G.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Moubray,  R.  H.  Capt.  ii.  193.  423 

Moubray,  R.  Y.  S.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  531 

Mould,  J.  Lt.  ii.  143.  504 

Moulston,  Comm.  i.  428 

Moultrie,  Col.  i.  234 

Mouncey,  W.  Com.  ii.  288.  422,  442 

Mouuier,  B.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  343 

Mounsher,  E.  Lt.  ii.  137.  145 

Mountagu,  Ed.  Adm.  (Earl  of  Sandwich), 

i.5),  53,  55,  68 
Mounteney,  J.  B.  Mid.  ii.  290 
Mountford.  E.  Lt.  i.  I87 
Mousnier,  M.  ii.  308 
Mowat,  H.  Lt.  i.  227,  280 
Mowbray,  Capt.  i.  285 
Mowbrav,  J.  Capt.  i.  215 
Mowbray,  R.  H.  Capt.  ii.  314 
Mowbray,  W.  Mast.  ii.  l6l 
Moxon,  J.  Mate,  i.  44Q 
Moyase,  J.  Mast.  ii.  265 
Moysey,  G.  Lt.  ii.  220 
Mudge,  Z.  ii.  72,  107 
Mugg,  F.  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Muggridge,  J.  Pilot,  ii.  375 
Muir,  Lt.  ii.  213 
Muir,  J.  Mid.  i.  400 
Mulberry,  Surg.  i.  489 
Mulcaster,  W.  H.  Com.  ii.  438,  460 
Mulgrave,  P.  A.  ii.  337 
Mulgrave,  Capt.  Lord,  i.  299,  309 
Muller,  H.  Lt.  ii.  88 
Mullins,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  171 
Mullon,  Capt.  i.  362 
Munden,  R.  Comm.  i.  69 
Mundy,  G.  Capt.  ii.  68,  173,  207 
Murat,  Prince,  ii.  317 
Murray,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  i.  304 
Murray,  G.  Capt.  i,  248,  433 
Murray,  Col.  Sir  G.  ii.  205 
Murray,  J.  Com.  ii.  505 
Murray,  J.  Lt.  ii.  374 
Murray,  J.  Lt.  ii.  1/7 
Murray,  J.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Murray,  J.  Lt.  i.  334  ;  ii.  101 
Murray,  T.  Bo.  ii.  166 
Murray,  W.  B.  Purs.  i.  499 
Muskerrv,  Lord,  i.  57 
Muston,  J.  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  166 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


571 


Mycock,  W.  Clerk,  i.  294 
Myngs,  Capt.  i.  109 
Myngs,  Capt.  Sir  C.  i.  53,  60 

Nagle,  E.  Lt.  ii.  1"5 
Nagle,  E.  Capt.  i.  404,  426 
Namur,  Sir  R.  de,  i.  15 
Napier,  C.  Com.  ii.  247,263,281,369,381, 
392,  422,  4/5,  479,    483,  485,   524,   525, 
528,  531,  533,  536,  540,  544 
Napier,  C.  F.  Lt.  i.  520 
Napier,  Hon.  J.  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i. 
Napier,  Hon.  W.  J.  Mid.  ii.  189,  242 
Napper,  T.  Mid.  ii.  103 
Narborough,  Sir  J.  Comm.  i.  74 
Nash,  E.  Lt.  i.  220 
Nash,  J.  Com.  ii.  19 
Navarro,  Adm.  i.  150 
Naylor,  E.  Mid.  i.  448 
Nazer,  K.  Lt.  ii.  419 
Neale,  Sir  H.  B.  Capt.  i.  451,  472,  513; 

ii.  162,  275,  342,  392 
Neame,  J.  Lt.  ii.  391 
Neame,  W.  Mid.  ii.  168,  358 
Needhall,  Lt.  ii.  335 
Neirop,  Capt.  i.  496 
Nelham,  A.  Mid.  i.  396 
Nelson,   H.  Capt.   (Lord  Nelson)  i.  367, 
374,   381,  382,   409,   427,   441,   444,  449, 
450,  453,  454,  474,  483  ;  ii.  26,  28,  33, 
37,  56.  95,  118,  133,  139,  143,  148 
Nes,  J.  Van,  Capt.  i.  66 
Nesbitt,  A.  Lt.  ii.  166* 

Nesham,  C.  J.  W.  Lt.  i.  462 

Neville,  J.  Lt.  i.  397 

Neville,  M.  Lt.  ii.  51 

Nevin,  C.  I.  Lt.  ii.  17 

Newcombe,  F.  Capt.  ii.  269 

Newcome,  H.  Lt.  i.  328,  332,  383,  425 

Newman,  J.N.  Capt.  i.  472,  493  ;  ii.  2, 
265 

Newnham,  J.  Capt.  i.  302 

Newton,  Capt.  i.  139 

Newton,  J.  ii.  273 

Niblet,  H.  Clerk,  ii.  35 

Nicholas,  R.  Com.  ii.  182,  191 

Nicholas,  H.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Nichols,  H.  Capt.  i.  384 

Nichols,  J.  Mid.  ii.  1 95 

Nicholson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  17 

Nicholson,  R.  Lt.  ii.  377 

Nicolas,  J.  T.  Com.  ii.  328,  367,  377,  392, 
500 

Nicolas,  K.  Lt.  ii.  500 

Nicolls,  E.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  72,  193,  236,  283, 
486 

Nicolson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  247 

Nielly,  Adm.  i.  285,  391,  405 

Nightingale,  G.  Capt.  i.  214 

Nind,  G.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Nino,  Pedro,  i.  18 

Nisbett,  S.  Mid.  ii.  153,  328 

Nixon,  G.  L.  Capt.  ii.  324 

Noble,  F.  Lt.  ii.  372 

Noble,  J.  Lt.  i.  427 


Noble,  J.  Lt.  i.  436,  447 

Noble,  M.  P.  Bo.  ii.  377 

Nodin,  M.  i.  377 

Noel,  F.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Noel,  Hon.  Capt.  T.  i.  175 

Norhury,  C.  Capt.  i.  131 

Norbury.  C.  Capt.  i.  209 

Nordel,  Capt.  i.  80 

Norman,  C.  R.  Lt.  ii.  487 

Norman,  C.  S.  Mate,  ii.  536 

Norman,  G.  R.  Lt.  ii.  323,  329 

Norman,  S.  Lt.  ii.  9 

Norman,  T.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Norman,  W.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Norris,  G.  Mast.  i.  3/5 

Norris,  H.  Capt.  i.  141 

Norris,  J.  Capt.  i.  92,  104,  116,  126,  127 

Norris,  R.  Capt.  i.  141 

Norris,  W.  Maj.  R.M.  i.  449 

Northampton,  Earl  of,  i.  10 

Northesk,  Lord,  Capt.  i.  158 

Northesk,  R.-Adm.  Earl  of,  ii.  121,  148 

Norton,  G.  Lt.  ii.  175 

Norton,  J.  Lt.  ii.  196 

Norton,  N.  Mid.  ii.  233 

Norway,  J.  A.  Mid.  i.  363 

Norwich,  Bishop  of,  i.  17 

Nott,  J.  N.  P.  Capt.  i.  313 

Nott,  T.  J.  Mid.  i.  419 

Nottingham,  Earl  of,  i.  17 

Nourse,  C.  Mid.  ii.  384 

Nourse,  J.  Capt.  ii.  448,  476 

Nourse,  J.  Lt.  ii.  14 

Noves,  J.  Mid.  ii.  498 

Nugent,  C.  E.  Lt.  i.  236 

Nugent,  U.  Lt.  i.  67 

Nugent,  J.  Lt.  ii.  180 

Oades,  L.  Carp.  ii.  143 

Oakley,  Lt.  i.  335 

Oates,  M.  Bo.  ii.  160 

Oates,  M.  Lt.  ii.  192 

O'Brien,  C.  Lt.  i.  166 

O'Brien,  D.  H.  Lt.  ii.  321,  352,  405,  416 

O'Brien,  E.  Com.  ii.  23 

O'Brien,  J.  Com.  i.  486;  ii.  81,  91 

O'Brien,  L.  Capt.  i.  1/6,  208 

O'Brien,  L.  Lt.  i.  267 

O'Connor,  R.  Com.  ii.  459 

O'Uonnel,  R.  Mid.  ii.  250 

Ogilvie,  D.  Mid.  ii.  134 

Ogilvie,  H.  Mid.  ii.  160 

Ogilvie,  J.  Capt.  i.267 

Ogilvy,  VV.  Capt.  ii.  17 

Ogle,  Capt.  R.M.  i.  302 

Ogle,  Sir  C.  Capt.  i.  135,  140,  142,  145 

Ogle,  Sir  C.  Capt.  i.  297 

Ogle,  C.  Mid.  ii.  484 

Ogle,  G.  Lt.  ii.  536 

Ogleby,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  23 

O'Hara,  Col.  i.  254 

O'Kane,  W.  F.  Surg.  ii.  521 

Oldrield,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  454,  508 

Oliver,  R.  Lt.  ii.  313 

Oliver,  R.  D.  Lt.  i.  405  ;   113,  173,  342 


572 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Oliver,  T.  Lt.  ii.  101 

Oliver,  W.  Lt.  i.  515 

Oliver,  W.  Mast.  ii.  341 

Olivier,  Capt.  ii.  417 

Olney,  J.  Capt.  i.  242 

Omniarmey,  J.  A.  Capt.  ii.  516 

O'Neale,  3.  Lt.  ii.  375 

O'Neil,  Com.  i.  4/3 

Onslow,  R.  Capt.  i.  309,  460,  46* 

Opdam.  Raron,  i.  54,  56 

Orde,  J.  Capt.  i.  281 

O'Reillv,  D.  Lt.  ii    184 

Orford.'Earl  of.     See  Russel,  E. 

Ormond,  F.  Lt.  ii.  469 

Ormonde,  Sir  H.  i.  7 

Orr,  S.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  326,  334 

Orrock,  J.  Lt.  i.  176 

Orvilliers,  Comte  d',  i.  264 

Osborn,  H.  Capt.  i.  18/,  189 

Oshorn,  J.  Capt.  i.  5*4 

Osborn,  S.  Capr.  i.  384.  405,  425 

Osborne,  G.  Mid.  ii.  384 

Osborne,  J.  Capt.  i.  157 

Osborne,  T.  Lt.  ii.  152 

O'Shea,  D.  Lt.  ii.  394 

Ossorv,  V.-Adm.  Earl  of.  i.  71 

Oswald,  Brig.-Gen.  ii.  301,  314 

Oswald,  J.  Capt.  ii.  171 

Otter,  G.  Capr.  ii.  263 

Ottley,  E.  Lt.  i.  500 

Ottley,  J.  Lt.  ii.  176 

Otty,  A.  Lt.  ii.  389 

Otway,  R.  W.  Com.  i.  413,  432 

Otwav,  W.  A.  Lt.  i.  256 

Overend,  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  175 

Overton,  E.  Mast.  ii.  127 

Overton,  R.  Clerk,  i.  483 

Owen,  Mid.  ii.  536 

Owen,  E.  W.  C.  R.  Capt.  ii.  65,  70,  88, 

112,  283 
Owen,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  524;  ii.  143,  391 
Owen,  W.  Capt.  i.  267 

Pack,  H.  Capt.  i.  50 

Paddon,  S.  H    Mid.  ii.  11 

Page,  Lt.  i.  160 

Page,  Mast.  Mate,  i.  329 

Paget,  Hon.  Capt.  C.  ii.  l6l,  265,  46l 

Paget,  Hon.  Capt.  W.  i.  484 

Pain,  R.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Pakenham,  E.  Capt.  i.  384 

Pakenham,  Hon.  Capt.  T.  i.  315 

Palliser,  H.  Com.  i.  158,  183,  265 

Palmer,  A.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Palmer,  E.  Com.  ii.  164,  195,  434.  476,  504 

Palmer,  E.  G.  Lt.  ii.  346 

Palmer,  G.  Capt.  i.  440 

Palmer,  G.  VV.  Lt.  ii.  419 

Palmer,  N.  Lt.  i.  409  ;  "•  145,  366 

Palmer,  W.  Bo.  ii.  195 

Palmer,  W.  Lt.  ii.  18 

Palmer,  W.  Mid.  ii.  394 

Panton.  J.  A.  Capt.  i.  267 

Paoli,  Gen.  i.  372 

Papineau,  J.  A.  Lt.  ii.  376 


Pardoe,  C.  Mid.  ii.  50 

Pardoe,  W.  Mate,  i.  396 

Parish,  J.  Lt.  ii.  175,  188 

Pariter,  J.  Surg.  Mate,  ii.  17 

Park,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  J87 

Parker,  C.  Mid.  ii.  222 

Parker,  E.  F.  Capt.  ii.  56    » 

Parker,  F.  Com.  ii.  29 

Parker,  F.  A.  H.  Lt.  ii.  284 

Parker,  G.  Lt.  i.  374 ;  ii.  222 

Parker,  H.  V.-Adm.  i.  317,  452;    ii.  26. 

32,  36 
Parker,  H.  Lt.  ii.  87,  424.  468,  491 
Parker,  H.  R.  Capt.  i.  222 
Parker,  J.  Capt.  i.  6l 
Parker,  J.  S.  Mid.  ii.  225 
Paiker,  Sir  P.  Com.  i.  234 
Parker,  P.  Capt.  ii.  283,  290,  393,  464 
Parker,  R.  W.  Lt.  i.  518  ;  ii.  39 
Parker,  S.  Mast.  ii.  '40 
Parker,  T.  Lt.  ii.  170 
Parker,  T.  G.  Mast.  i.  356 
Parker,  W.  Capt.  ).  450;  ii.  162 
Parker,  Sir  W.  Lt.  ii.  166,  184 
Parker,  W.  Mid.  ii.  278 
Parker,  Sir  VV.  G.  Com.  ii.  390 
Parkinson,  J.  Bo.  ii.  418 
Parkyns,  J.  Mid.  ii.  193 
Parma,  Duke  of,  i.  28 
Parrey,  A.  Capt.  i.  337 
Parrey,  VV.  B.  Lt.  i.  274 
Parry,  H.  Mid.  ii.  237 
Parry,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  470 
Parry,  W.  Capt.  i.  172 
Parry,  W.  Mid.  ii.  434 
Parsons,  C.  Capt.  i.  113 
Parsons,  R.  Lt.  ii.  377 
Pascall,  M.  H.  Lt.  i.  2"1 
Pasco,  J.  Lt.  ii.  123,  143,  145 
Pascoe,  Bo.  i.  377 
Pascoe,  \V.  R.  Lt.  ii.  417,  418 
P'sley,  C.  Mid.  ii.  >21 
Pasley,  J.  Lt.  it.  51,  60 
Pasley,  T.  R.-Adm.  i.  394,  403 
Passenger,  VV.  Capt.  i.  114 
Paston,  VV.  Capt.  i.  1 92 
Pater,  C    1).  Lt.  i.  370,  410  ;  ii.  292 
Paterson,  D.  C*pt.  ii.  433 
Paterson,  L.  Bo.  ii.  35 
Paterson,  VV.  Capt.  ii.  504 
Patev,  G.  E.  Lt.  ii.  531 
Patev,  J.  Mid.  i.  4/3 
Pattull,  W.  Lt.  ii.  153 
Paton,  P.  Capt.  i.  297 
Pdtnarche,  C.  Lt.  ii.  160 
Patterlo,  Bo.  i.  397 
Patterson,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  224 
Patton,  A.  Capt.  i.  440 
Paul,  J.  Lt.  1.  104 
Paul,  M.  St.  i.  103,  111 
Paul,  R.  Com.  ii.  70 
Paulet,  Capt.  Lord  H.  i.  412;  ii.  8 
Pay,  H.  i.  19 
Payler,  F.  R.  Mid.  i.  495 
Payne,  J.  Mid.  i.  483 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


573 


Payne,  J.  W.  Capt.  i.  354 

Payne,  R.  Lt.  ii.  483 

Payne,  S.  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143,  254 

Payne,  \V.  Lt.  i.  118 

Peachey,  F.  Lt.  ii.  19 

Peacock,  Capt.  i.  39 

Peacock,  J.  Bo.  i.  449 

Peacock,  P.  Mid.  ii.  l60 

Peake,  J.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 

Peake,  T.  L.  Lt.  ii.  387 

Peake,  W.  Com.  ii.  421 

Pearce,  G.  Capt.  i.  69 

Pearce,  H.  W.  Com.  ii.  185 

Pearce,  J.  Capt.  i.  6/ 

Pearce,  J.  Com.  ii.  463 

Pearce,  M.  Com.  i.  62 

Pearce,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  313 

Pearce,  R.  Mate,  i.  363 

Pearce,  V.  Capt.  i.  57 

Pearce,  VV.  J.  Lt.  ii.  10 

Pearri,  S.  Capt.  i.  514;  ii.  13,  24 

Pearl,  J.  Lt.  ii.  269 

Pearson,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  447 

Pearson,  C.  Lt.  ii.  451 

Pearson,  G.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Pearson,  H.  Lt.  ii.  278 

Pearson,  H.  Mate,  i.  453 

Pearson,  R.  Capt.  i.  287 

Pearson,  R.  H.  Capt.  ii.  64 

Pearson,  W.  H.  Mate,  ii.  143 

Pechell,  S.  J.  B.  Capt.  ii.  263 

Peck,  Adm.  i.  40 

Pedlar,  G.  Lt.  ii.  468 

Peebles,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  24 

Peehljs,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  107 

Peffers,  P.  Bo.  i   449 

Pegge,  G.  Mate,  ii.  141 

Peiman,  Maj.-Gen.  ii.  203,  205 

Pelabond,  Lt.  ii.  3 

Pell,  W.    O.    Mid.    ii.    2,    225,   278,  296, 

443 
Pellew,  E.  Lt.  (Lord  Exmo»th)  i.  304,  344, 

36.',  382,  404,  427,  438,  464,  486;   ii.  11, 

180,  213,  444,  450 
Pellew,  F.  B.  R.  Capt.  ii.  213,  372,  373 
Pellew,  I.  Capt.  i    363;  ii.  26,  121 
Pellowe,  Lt.  i.  3ri3 
Pelly,  C.  Lt.  ii.  57,  83 
Pembroke,  Earl  of.  i.  15 
Pengelly,  E.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  207 
Pengellv,  J.  Lt.  i.  451,  525 
Penier.'M.  du.  i.  152 
Peon,  Adm.  Sir  VV.  i.  41,  43,  45,  49,  53 
Penrose,  Adm.  ii.  456 
Percival,  E.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  416 
Percival,  Hon.   G.  J.  Mid.    ii.    300,  46S, 

504,  .108 
Percy,  Lord  A.  Capt.  ii.  450 
Percy,  Hon.  Capt.  H.  VV.  ii.  486 
Peregrine,  H.  Lt    R.M.  ii.  359 
Perez,  Don.  P.  i.  502 
Perkins,  H.  A.  Lt.  ii.  511 
Perkins,  J.  Com.  i.  452 
Perkyns,  E.  Mid.  ii.  165 
Perouse,  M.  de  la,  Capt.  i.  316 


Perree,  Com.  i.  374,   413,  508,  511,  513, 

515;  ii.  1 
Perroud,  J.  Capt.  ii.  170 
Perry,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  452;  ii.  24 
Perry,  Com.  ii.  440 
Peter,  P.  Mid.  i.  514 
Peterborough,  Earl  of,  i.  115 
Petley.  J.  Mid.  i.  470 
Pett,  Phineas,  Ca(»t.  i.  57 
Pettet,  M.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  490 
Pettet,  R.  Lt.  ii.  292 
Pettman,  T.  Lt.  ii.  337. 
Pevrieux.  Capt.  i.  430 
Peyton,  E.  Capt.  i.  158 
Peyton,  J.  Capt.  i.  189 
Peyton,  J.  Capt.  ii.  400 
Phelipeaux,  Col.  i.  51)6,  509 
Philip.  King  of  France,  i.  1,  4 
Ptiilip  II.  ol  Spain,  i.  33 
Philip,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  452 
Philips,  Capt.  i.  1,  156 
Philips,  B.  Lt.  i.  155 
Philips,  J.  R.  Lt.  ii.  89 
Phillibert,  Capt.  ii.  448 
Phillimore,  G'.  Lt.  ii.  58 
Phillimore,  J.  Capt.  ii.  451 
Philips,  E.  Mid.  ii.  116 
Phillips,  VV.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  52 
Phillott,  C.  G.  R.  Lt.  ii.  261,  295,  454 
Philpot,  R.  Com.  i.  520 
Philpott,  John,  i.  17 
Phipps.  D.  Com.  i.  316 
Pichard,  P.  Capt.  i.  89 
Pichot,  Capt.  ii.  13 
Pickering,  VV.  Mast.  ii.  160 
Pickerwell,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  245 
Pickett,  S.  Carp.  ii.  375 
Pickett.  VV.  VV.  Clerk,  ii.  510 
Pierce,  G.  Capt.  i  57 
Pierce,  T.  Mid.  i.  401 
Pierce,  W.  Lt.  ii.  86 
Piercy,  T.  Capt.  i.  287,  294 
Pierrepoint,  C.  H.  Com.  1.  467 
Pierrepoint,  VV.  Capt.  i.  490,  520 
Pieters<>n,  AHm    i.  100 
Pisrot,  G.  Com.  ii.  2i6 
Pigot,  G.  Lt.  ii.  103,  181 
Pifiot,  H.  Capt.  i.  451,  452;  ii.  229,  251, 

262,  282,  451 
P>got,  M;ij.-Gen.  Sir  R.  i.  256 
Pigott,  Maj,-Gen7  ii.  14 
Piguene',  S.  Purs.  i.  500 
Pike    Lt.  i.  257 
Pilch,  R.  Lt.  ii.  288 
Pilcher,  J.  M.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  175 
Pil  old.  J.  Lt.  ii.  121 
Pilkinpton,  Mid.  ii.  490 
Pine,  H.  Lt.  i.  4*6 
Pinn,  E.  C*pt.  i.  67,  75 
Pinsum,  J.  Capt.  ii.  253 
Pinto,  T.  Cmii.ii.  302 
Pipon,  P.  Lt.  ii.  59.  70,  446 
Pipon,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  225,  380 
Pipon,  T.  Capt.  i.  103,  104 
Piquet,  M.  de  la  Mothe,  i.  296,  299 


574 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Pitts,  W.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Place,  E.  Bo.  i.  294 

Plaine,  J.  Mid.  i.  563 

Plampin,  R.  Capt.  ii.  1/0 

Plant,  VV.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 

Pletz,  Capt.  i.  496 

Plimsoll,  J.  Surg.  ii.  542 

Plowden,  J.  Lt.  i.  313 

Plumridge,  J.  H.  Lt.  ii.  293 

Pocock,  E.  O.  Mid.  ii.  416 

Pocock,  G.  V.-Adm.  i.  190,  203,  222 

Pococke,  G.  H.  A.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Poe,  G.  Lt.  K.M.  ii.  464 

Poinds,  M.  i.  95,  111 

Pole,  C.  M.  Capt.  i.  335,  366 

Polkinghorne,  J.  Lt.  ii.  420 

Pollard,  J.  Mid.  ii.  133 

Poison,  Surg.  Mate,  i.  247 

Pool,  Capt.  ii.  233 

Pope,  J.  Lt.  ii.  418 

Popham,  Sir  H.  Com.  ii.  188,  202,  205 

Popham,  S.  Lt.  ii.  344,  460,  46l 

Popham,  W.  Com.  ii.  504 

Popplewell,  VV.  Mid.  i.  294 

Porsmoguer,  Sieur,  i.  22 

Porter,  D.  Capt.  ii.  401,  450 

Portland,  Earl  of,  i.  57 

Portlock,  N.  Com.  i.  517 

Posgate,  G.  Pilot,  i.  294 

Pound,  R.  Pur.  ii.  191 

Powell,  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  405,  416 

Powell,  H.  B.  Com.  ii.  509 

Powell,  J.  Mid.  ii.  398 

Powell,  VV.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  103 

Powlett,  C.  Capt.  i.  156 

Pownoll,  P.  Capt.  i.  215,  221,  269,  304 

Poynings,  Sir  E.  i.  20 

Poyntz,  S.  Capt.  i.  523  ;  ii.  50,  177 

Prater,  R.  Lt.  i.  449 

Pratt,  G.  Lt.  ii.  489 

Pratt,  R.  G.  Lt.  ii.  324 

Pratt,  R.  Mid.  ii.  511 

Pratten,  E.  Capt.  i.  192 

Pregent,  M.  i.  23,  24 

Prendergast,  J.  Lt.  ii.  465 

Preneuf,  M.  de,  i.  346 

Prescott,  H.  Coin,  ii.  328 

Prescott,  J.  Capt.  i.  263 

Preston,  D'A.  Capt.  i.  436 

Preston,  R.  Com.  ii.  262 

Prtvost,  Gen.  i.  2-3 

Prevost,  Lt.-Gen.  Sir  G.  ii.  435,  470 

Price,  Lt.  i.  206 

Price,  D.  Lt.  ii.  3/6,  485 

Price,  F.  S.  Mate,  ii.  143 

Price,  G.  Lt.  ii.  210,  237,  366 

Price,  J.  Capt.  1.  71 

Price,  J.  Lt.  ii.  229 

Price,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  208 

Price,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  8 

Price,  W.  K.  O.  Mate,  ii.  535 

Priest,  J.  Lt.  i.  3/0 

Prieur,  P.  J.  Lt.  ii.  102 

Pring,  D.  Com.  ii.  470,  473 

Pringle,  J.  Com.  ii.  347 


Pringle,  T.  Capt.  i.  232,  260 

Prior,  E.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  162 

Proby,  Capt.  Lord,  ii.  2 

Proby,  C.  Capt.  i.  215 

Proby,  H.  Capt.  i.  183 

Proby,  Hon.  G.  Mid.  ii.  5 

Procter,  P.  Lt.  ii.  310 

Proctor,  P.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Proctor,  VV.  B.  Mid.  i.  423  ;  ii.  224 

Protheroe,  G.  Capt.  i.  134 

Prothers,  VV.  Mid.  ii.  2 

Prowse,  VV.  Lt.  i.  397;  ii-  121,  165,  166 

Prowse,  Capt.  i.  32 

Prynn,  P.  Lt.  ii.  144 

Prytherch,  S.  Lt.  K.M.  ii.  280 

Pudner,  H.  Capt.  i.  119,  126,  127 

Pulling,  G.  C.  Com.  ii.  40 

Pulling,  J.  K.  Com.  i.  430,  457 

Purcell,  J.  Capt.  i.  144 

Purnel,  J.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  399 

Purver,  J.  Lt.  ii.  121 

Purvis,  G.  Capt.  i.  126 

Purvis,  J.  C.  Com.  i.  346,  409 

Pye,  T.  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  298 

Pym,  S.  Lt.  i.  467  ;  ii.  156,  297,  322,  329, 

332,  335 
Pyne,  H.  Lt.  ii.  456 
Pyne,  R.  C.  Mast.  ii.  486 

Qoerangal,  Com.  ii.  66 
Quesne,  M.  du,  i.  188 
Quilliam,  J.  Lr.  ii.  145,  148 
Quinn,  H.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Quitana,  Don,  i.  168 

Raccord,  P.  P.  Capt.  i.  480 

Radchffe,  C.  Lt.  ii.  464 

Radelet,  Capt.  ii.  21 

Rainier,  J.  S.  Com.  i.  437 

Rainier,  P.  Capt.  i.  267,  384,  425,  437  ;  ii. 

lbO,  213,  446 
Raith,  VV.  Com.  ii.  285,  291 
Raleigh,  Sir  VV.  i.  35,  36 
Ralph,  J.  Bo.  ii.  308 
Ram,  Lt.  ii.  134 
Ram,  T.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Ramage,  E.  Com.  i.  437 
Ratnbeaud,  Gen.  i.  511 
Ramsay,  R.  Com.  ii.  476,  484 
Randall,  Lt.  i.  318 
Randall,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 
Randall,  VV.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  329 
Raoule,  Capt.  ii.  v49 
Ratsey,  E.  Com.  ii.  113 
Rattray,  J.  Com.  ii.  432 
Rausanne,  M.  de,  i.  305 
Raven,  M.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  226 
Rawle,  R.  Lt.  ii.  487 
Rawlence,  R.  R.  Lt.  i.  390 
Rawlings,  J.  Capt.  i.  182 
Rawlins,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Ray,  J.  Mid.  ii.  387 
Raymond,  B.  Capt.  i.  127 
Raynor,  J.  Capt.  i.  258 
Rea,  C.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  463 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


575 


Rea,  H.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  242,  391 

Read,  Capt.  i.  219 

Read,  Cul.  ii.  464 

Read,  J.  L'.  R.M.  ii.  259 

Read,  J.  Mast.  i.  452,  462 

R-jad.  T.  Lt.  ii.  147 

Readv.  H.  L'.  ii.  404 

Ready,  H.  Mate,  ii.  144 

Reddal,  A.  Capt.  i.326 

Redding,  T.  ftlid.  ii.  359 

Rrdmill,  R.  Capt.  ii.  121 

Redshaw,  Lt.  i.  203 

Reeee,  T.  (i.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Reeri,  Major,  ii.  509 

Rees,  T.  G.  Lt.  ii.  367 

Rees   W.  L.  Mid.  ii.  295,  432 

Reeve,  S.  Com.  i.  240,  250,  298 

Reeves,  R.  B.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 

Reeves,  Sir  VV.  (apt.  i.  71 

Reggio,  Adm.  i.  167,  168 

Reid,  A.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  483 

Reid,  C.  Lt.  ii.  312 

Reid,  D.  Lt.  i.  451 

Reid,  J.  Mast,  ii.  14 

Reilly,  J.  O.  Mid.  ii.  490 

Renaud,  Adm.  i.  97 

Renaud,  Capt.  ii.  99 

Renaud,  J.  M.  Com.  i.  405 

Renaudin.  Capt.  i.  399 

Renfray,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  511 

Rennie,  G    Lt.  ii.  283,  290 

Rennie,  S.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  348 

Renou,  Capt.  ii.  18 

Renou,  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  377 

Renou,  T.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Rentone,  J.  Capt.  i.  167 

Renwicn,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  237 

Reta'l'ck,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  462 

Retz,  Don  M.  de  F.  i.  137 

Reydez,  Capt.  ii.  357 

Reynolds,  B.  Capt.  ii.  164,  525 

Remolds,  F.  Capr.  i.  240 

Reynolds,  G.  Capt.  ii.  321 

Reynolds,  H.  Capt.  i.  325,  328 

Reynolds,  J.  Capt.  i.  260,  2/1 

Reyn  Ids,  R.  C  Capt.  i.  427,  438,  467 

Remolds,  ft.  C.  Lt.ii.  77 

Ribouleau,  P.  Com.  ii.  22 

Richard  I.  King,  i.  1 

Richard  II.  King.  i.  16 

Richard  de  Camville,  i.  1 

Richards,  Col.  i.  92 

Richards,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  275 

Richards,  G.  S.  Lr.ii.  180 

Richards,  .1.  Mid   ii.  235 

Richards,  P.  Lt.  ii.  508 

R  chards,  VV.  Mid.  ii.  93,  95 

Richardson,  C.  Capt.  ii.  376 

Richardson,  C.  W.  Lt.  ii.  307 

Richardson,  G.  Mid.  ii.  446 

Richardson,  J.  Mast.  ii.  461 

Ri  -hardson,  J.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  252 

Richardson,  P.  Mid.  i.  483 

Richardson,  S.  Mid.  ii.  432 

Richardson,  VV.  Lt.  ii.  391 


Richer,  E.  Lt.  i.  497 

Richery,  Adm.  i.  424 

Richmond,  Earl  of,  i.  14 

Richmond,  T.  F.  Lt.  i.  370 

Ricketts,  J.  W.  O.  Mid.  ii.  235 

Ricketts,  W.  Com.  ii.  41 

Ricketts,  W.  H.  Capt.  i.  451 

Ricot,  P.  N.  Capt.  i.  287 

Riddel,  R.  Com.  ii.  504 

Ridge,  J.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Ridgway,  U.  Mid.  ii.  l6» 

Rioms,  Capt.  de,  i.  354 

Riou,  H.  Capt.  ii.  32,  33,  35 

Ritchie,  Mast.  Mate,  i.  305 

Ritches,  T   Mate,  ii.  446 

Rivers,  VV.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Rix,  G.  A.  Mid.  ii.  418 

Roach.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  374 

Robb,  J.  Lt.  ii.  516,  519 

Robert  de  Sabloil,i.  1 

Roberts,  a  pirate,  i.  135 

Roberts,  F.  Lt.  i.  295,  319 

Roberts,  H.  Mid.  ii.  5 

Roberts,  J.  Clerk,  ii.  222 

Roberts,  M.  Lt.  ii.  459 

Roberts,  S.  Lt.  ii.  264,  272,  312,  320,  479, 

488 
Roberts,  W.  Capt.  ii.  282,  305 
Roberts,  VV.  G.  Lt.  ii.  490 
Robertson,  Lr.-Col.  ii.  417 
Robertson,  F.  D.  Lt.  ii.  424 
Robertson,  G.  Lt.  ii.  101 
Robertson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  299 
Robertson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  473 
Robertson,  L.  Capt.  i.  406 
Robertson,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  510 
Robilliard,  T.  Mid.  ii.  398 
Robilliard,  VV.  Mid.  i.  495  ;  ii.  397 
Robinson,  B.  Mast.  ii.  414 
Robinson,  C.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  526 
Robinson,  C.  Com.  ii.  293 
Robinson,  E.  Mid.  ii.  23 
Robinson,  E.  Mid.  ii.  418 
Robinson,  G.  Lt.  i.  375 
Robinson,  J.  Bo.  ii.  133 
Robinson,  J.  Mid.  ii.  166 
Robinson,  M.  Capt.  i.  313,  322 
Robinson,  R.  Capt.  i.  62 
Robinson,  R.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  456 
Robinson,  R.  S.  Com.  ii.  525 
Robinson,  T.  Bo.ii.  144 
Robinson,  VV.  Mid.  ii.  337 
Robinson,  VV.  T.  Mid.  ii.  369 
Robotham,  T.  Mid.  ii.  307 
Robotier,  A.  R.  Lt.  i.  472 
Robson,  J.  Lt.  i.  165 
Robson,  VV.  Mast.  ii.  81 
Robson,  VV.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  319 
Robyns,  J.  (apt.  R.M.  ii.  476,  484 
Rochamheau,  Gen.  ii.  74 
Roche,  T.  O.  Mid.  ii.  87 
Roddam,  R.  Capt.  i.  1 77 
Rodney,  G.  B.  Capt.  (Lord  Rodney)  i.  161, 

296,  337,  343 
Rodney,  Hon.  Capt.  J.  i.  321 


576 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Roe,  A.  J.  T.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  521 

Roebuck,  H.  Mid.  ii.  410 

Roffey,  K.  Capt.  i.  105 

Rogers,  Com.  ii.  394,  410,  481 

Rogers,  C.  Com.  ii.  364 

Rogers,  I).  Mid.  i.  462 

Rogers    J.  Com.  i.  366 

R.g^rs,  T.  Capt.  ii.  19,  39,  242,  347 

Rogers,  W.  Com.  ii.  209 

Rohan,  Chev.  de.  i.  Iy2 

Rollier,  L.  Mid.  ii.  231 

Rollo,  J.  Gun.  i.  110 

Romaii,  Cliev.  i.  307 

Romney,  F.  D.  Lt.  ii.  398 

Rondeau,  J.  M.  Com.  i.  404 

Rood.  J.  T.  Cap',  ii.  167,  1/0,  265,  274 

Roodneff.  Capt.  ii.  245 

Rooke,  Hon.  Adm.  G.  i.  "9,  86,  100,  105, 

108,  112 
Rooke,  W.  Mid.  ii.  162 
Roper,  G.  B.  Lt.  ii.  277 
Roquebert,  Com.  ii.  3u3,  359,  362 
Rosamel,  Capt.  ii.  383 
Roskin^e,  F.  Lt.  ii.  143 
Rosr,  H.  Mid.  ii.  338 
Rose,  J.  Capt.  d.  203 
Rose,  J.  Clerk,  ii.  35 
Rose,  J.  Com.  ii.  446 
Hose,  J.  Lt.  i.  463 
Rosily,  Vice-Adm.  ii.  118 
Ross,  Cap*,  ii.  341 
Ross,  Maj.-Gen.  ii.  475,  477,  484 
Ross,  C.  B.  H.  Capt.  >i.  103,  184,  437,  501 
Ross.  C.  H.  Mid.  ii.  295,  321 
Ross,  F.  Lt.  i.  397 
Ro»s,  J.  Com.  ii.  394 
Ross,  Sir  J.  L.  Capt.  i.  275 
Ross,  W.  Lt.  i.  468 
Ro.Nsem,  Capt.  Van,  i.  463 
Rossi-or.  T.  Pilot,  i.  343 
Potheram,  E.  Capt.  ii.  121 
Roulette.  F.  Lt.  ii.  441 
Rous.  Hon.  H.  J.  Mid.  ii.  416 
Rouse,  J.  W.  Mid.  ii.  1Q5 
Rousseau,  Capt.  ii.  262,  354 
Roussin,  Capt.  ii.  415 
Rowe,  H.  N.  Lt.  ii.  205 
Rowe,  J.  Lt.  i.  453,  520 
Rowe,  J    Mid.  ii.  432 
Rowe,  T.  Purser,  ii.  500 
Bowed,  H.  Lt.  ii.  68 
Howies ,  B.  S.  Capt.  i.  312,  3/6,  468 
Ro«ley,  C.  Capt.  ii.  382 
Rowley,  R.  Adm.  W.  i.  149 
Rowley.  J    Capt.  i.  192,  302;  ii.  249,  297, 

3  22.  339    341,  3911 
Rowzier,  R.  Capt.  i.  134 
Roxburgh,  R.  Mast.  ii.  45 
Rudach,  A.  Lt.  i.  396,451 
Hudall.  W.  ftlid.  ii.  160 
Rue,  M.  De  la,  i.  104 
Ruel.  J.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  302 
Runsey,  E.  Capt.  i.  127 
Runrlle,  C.  Purs.  ii.  103 
Rupert,  Prince,  i.  50,  55,  57,  60,  62 


Rushworth,  E.  Com.  ii.  176,  378 

Russel,  Capt.  ii.  433 

Russel,  E.  Adm.  (Earl  of  Orford)  i.  79,  81 

Hussel,  J.  Lt.  ii.  523 

Russel,  T.  M'N.  Capt.  i.  353;   ii.  2*9 

Hussel,  W.  Lt.  i.  470  ;  ii.  224 

Russell,  J.  Capt.  i.  152 

Ru>sell,  J.  Lt.  ii.  177 

Rutherford.  G.  Capt.  ii.  121 

Ruthven.  Hon.  Capt.  J.  i.  221 

Ruyter.  Adm.  de,  i.  39,  41,  43,  45,  53,  58, 

59.  61.  62.  64,  67,  70 
Ryan.  E.  Purs.  ii.  394 
Ryhurn,  A.  Mast.  i.  285 
Ryburn,  J.  Mate,  i.  285 
Ryddel,  W.  Capt.  i.  122 
Ryder,  J.  Lt.  i.  427 

Sabben,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Sacheverell.  B.  Capt.  i.  50 

Sacker,  I.  Mast.  ii.  434 

Sadler,  P.  Bo.  i.  483 

Salisbury,  Earl  of,  i.  5 

Salmon,  Mast.  ii.  78 

Salter,  Lt.  ii.  302 

Salter,  E.  Capt.  i.  345 

Salmond,  W.  Mid.  ii.  413 

Saltonstall,  D.  Capt.  i.  229,  280 

Samwell,  Mate,  ii.  427 

Samw  11,  W.  Lt   i   267 

Sandeland,  Lt.  i.  334 

Sandell,  Gun.  ii.  296 

Sandels,  R.  i.  62 

Sanders,  G.  Com.  ii.  201 

Sanders,  J.  Capt.  i.  6l 

Sanders,  J.  Capt.  ii.  419 

Sandes,  J.  T.  Mid.  ii.  4t)4 

Sandom,  W.  Lt.  ii.  290 

Sandwich,  Earl  of.     See  Mountagu 

Sanriwith,  G.  A    E.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  196 

Sandys,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  463 

Sandys,  G.  Mid.  ii.  300 

Sandys,  R.  E.  Lt.  ii.  35 

Sansum.  R.  Adm.  i.  57 

Sargeant,  W.  Com.  ii.  504 

Sargent,  W.  Com.  ii.  456 

Sarsfield,  B.  Mast.  Mate.  ii.  189 

Sartorius,  G.  R.  Lt.  ii.  313 

Saulnier,  Capt.  ii.  4,  25 

Saumarez,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  373.  403,  424, 

483,  484  ;  ii.  41,  47,  70,  244,  285 
Saumarez,  P.  Capt.  i.  158,  154 
Saumarez   T.  Capt.  i.  185,  194 
Saunders,  Mid.  ii.  450 
Saunders,  A.  ('apt.  i.  399 
Saunders,  C.  Capt.  i.  164 
Saunders,  J.  Com.  i.  503 
Saunders.  J.  Lt.  ii.  412,  414 
Saurin,  E.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  221 
Savage.  H.  Capt.  i.  343 
Savage,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  431 
Savage,  R.  H.  Mid.  i.  510 
Saville,  J.  C.  Com.  ii.  23 
Savoisy,  Sir  C.  i.  19 
Sawyer,  H.  Capt.  i.  221 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Saxton,  C.  Capt.  i.  355 

Saver,  G.  Capt.  ii.  179,  189 

Scallon,  R.  Lt.  ii.  38 

Scandril,  Com.  ii.  239 

Scanlan,  J.  Bo.  ii.  180 

Schank,  Capt.  i.  501 

Schilds,  Ens.  ii.  352 

Schomberg,  A.  W.  Capt.  ii.  260 

Schomberg,  C.  F.  Lt.  ii.  535 

Schomberg,  C.  M.  Lt.  ii.  14,  359 

Schomberg,  I.  Capt.  i.  386 

Schram,  Adm.  i.  56 

Scott,  Bo.  i.  343 

Scott,  Sec.  ii.  131 

Scott,  A.  Capt.  i.  163 

Scott,  A.  Capt.  i.  936 

Scott,  E.  Mid.  ii.  299 

Scott,  G.  Capt.  ii.  22,  262,  313 

Scott,  J.  Lt.  ii.  420 

Scott,  J.  Lt.  ii.  4J8 

Scott,  J.  Mid.  i.  462 

Scott,  J.  Surg.  ii.  522 

Scott,  J.  N.  C.  Purs.  ii.  230 

Scott,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  70 

Scott,  O.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  27 

Scott,  R.  Mast.  ii.  403 

Scott,  S.  Lt.  i.  154 

Scotten,  Carp.  ii.  367 

Scriven,  T.  Lt.  ii.  442 

Scriven,  T.  Mast,  ii.  144 

Scriven,  T.  Purs.  ii.  153 

Scroeder,  C.  Mate,  i.  509 

Scrope,  C.  Capt.  i.  HJ5 

Seale,  J.  Capt.  i.  50 

Searle,  .7.  C.  Coin.  i.  433 

Searle,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  526 

Searle,  T.  Capt.  i.  57 

Searle,   T.   Lt.  i.  515,  524;    ii.  211,  213 

225,  228 
Searle,  W.  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  527 
Seaton,  A.  Lt.  i.  154 
Seccombe,  T.  Capt.  ii.  ip6,  217 
Seeker,  Serj.  R.M.  ii.  133 
Segbourne,  T.  Sch.  i.511 
Segge,  J.  Gun.  ii.  269 
Selby,  G.  Com.  i.  280 
Selby,  W.  Lt.  i.  453;  ii.  70,  188,  2S4 
Selwyn,  C.  W.  Lt.  ii.  l(3o 
Senhouse,  H.  F.  Com.  ii.  433 
Senhouse,  W.  W.  Lt.  i.  436 
Septf'ord,  J.  Mid.  ii.  339 
Sercey.  R.-Adm.  i.  433.  440 
Seroc'old,  W.  Com.  i.  381,  3S2 
Settle,  T.  Mast.  ii.  366 
Seward,  C.  Mid.  i.  463 
Sewell,  H.  Mid.  ii.  339 
Seymour,  G.  F.  Lt.  ii.  160,  167 
Seymour,  H.  Capt.  i.  6 1 
Seymour,  Lord  H.  i.  28 
Seymour,  J.  Mast.ii.  136 
Seymour,  M.  Lt.  i.  3g6  ;  ii.  253,  265,  279, 

455 
Seymour,  R.  Lt.  ii.  1S2 
Seymour,  T.  Mid.  i.  483 
Shardwell,  C.  F.  A.  Lt.  ii.  530 


Sharpe,  A.  R.  Com.  ii.  357 

Shaw,  C.  Lt.  ii.  196,400 

Shaw,  I.  Lt.  ii.  422 

Shepheard,  L.  Com.  ii.  85 

Sherbrooke,  Sir  J.  ii.  468 

Sheriff,  J.  Com.  ii.  212 

Sheridan,  J.  Lt.  ii.  288,  29O,  485 

Sherman,  T.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  342 

Sherwood.  W.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Shewen,  D.  Mid.  i.  462 

Shield,  W.  Capt.  i.  420 

Sbiels,  D.  Lt.  ii.  224 

Shiels,  L.  Lt.  i.  373 

Shillibeer,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  309 

Shipley,  Mr.  ii.  227 

Shipley,  C.  Com.  ii.  82,  91,  195,  226 

Shippard,  A.  Lt.  ii.  72 

Shipperdson,  R.  Lt.  ii.  170 

Shirley,  Hon.  Capt.  W.  i.  169,  204 

Shirley,  T.  Capt.  i.  204 

Shoobridge,  W.  Bo.  ii.  195 

Shortland,  J.  Capt.  ii.  303 

Shortland,  R.  Mid.  i.  395 

Shortland,  T.  G.  Lt.  i.  446 

Shovel,  C.  Lt.  i.  74,  90,  1<»2,  112,  116,  11J 

Shuldham,  W.  Mid.  ii.  01 

Siblv,  E.  R.  Lt.  ii.  170,  393,  441 

Sibrell,  J.  Lt.  i.  463  ;  ii.  234 

Sibthorpe,  H.  W.  Mid.  ii.  4 

Sillaus,  Chev.  de,  i.  344 

Simcock,  Bo.  i.  77 

Simmons,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Simmonds,  R.  W.  Lt.  ii.  378 

Simms,  S.  Mid.  i.  512 

Simon,  I.  Mast.  ii.  3o9 

Simons,  J.  Lt.  ii.  130 
I  Simpkins,  W.  Mid.  ii.  369 

Simpson,  H.  P.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  36/ 
I  Simpson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  292 

Simpson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  418 

Sinclair,  Bo.  i.  357 

Sinclair,  A.  Com.  ii.  395,  466 

Sinclair,  D.  Mast,  Mate,  ii.  192 

Sinclair,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  51,  52 

Sinclair,  P.  Capt.  i.  376 

Sinclair,  Sir  J.  G.  Com.  ii.  423 

Sison,  S.  Lt.  ii.  300 

Sitford,  W.  Mid.  ii.  34 

Skekel,  J.  Lt.  ii.  152,  290 

Skinner,  F.  Com.  ii.  284 

Skinner,  G.  E.  A.  Lt.  ii.  195 

Skinner,  J.  Com.  i.  471 

Skinner,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  223 

Skipsey,  W.  Lt.  i.  31S 

Skynner,  L.  Capt.  i.  207 

Skyrme,  a  pirate,  i.  135 

Slade,  H.  Lt.  ii.  469 

Slade,  J.  Lt.  i.  516 

Slade,  Mid.  i. 

Slaughter,  W.  Lt.  ii.  295,  321 

Slenner,  H.  G.  Mast.  ii.  320 

Sleigh,  J.  Mid.  ii.  420 

Sliddy,  J.  Mid.  ii.  301 

Sloane,  O.  Mast.  i.  355 

Slout,  S.  Lt.  ii.  375 


VOL.  II. 


578 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Small,  Mid.  ii.  469 
Smith,  A.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  175 
Smith,  B.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Smith,  Sir  C.  Col.  ii.  526,  537,  540,  545 
Smith,  E.  Lt.  i.  302 
Smith,  E.  Capt.  i.  145 
Smith,  E.  T.  Capt.  i.  352 
Smith,  F.  Mid.  ii.  55,  210,  237 
Smith,  H.  Mid.  ii.  189 
Smith,  I.  Lt.  i.  318 
Smith,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  63,  65 
Smith,  J.  Capt.  i.  211 
Smith,  J.  Capt.  ii.  395 
Smith,  J.  Com.  i.  315 
Smith,  J.  Lt.  i.  500;  ii.  136,  145 
Smith,  J.  Mast.  ii.  376 
Smith,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  73 
Smith,  J.  E.  Lt.  ii.  91 
Smith,  J.  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  462 
Smith,  J.  S.  Capt.  i.  356 
Smith,  J.  S.  Mid.  ii.  148 
Smith,  L.  Col.  ii.  302 
Smith,  M.  Capt.  i.  405 
Smith,  M.  Lt.  ii.  16 
Smith,  M.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  32S 
Smith,  R.  Capt.  i.  256 
Smith,  R.  Lt.  ii.  452 
Smith,  R.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Smith,  T.  i.  US 
Smith,  T.  Capt.  i.  136 
Smith,  T.  Mid.  ii.  192 
Smith,  T.  B.  Mid.  ii.  101 
Smith,  W.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  391;  ii.  23 
Smith,  W.  Lt.  ii.  221 
Smith,  W.  Lt.  ii.  445 
Smith,  W.  Mast.  ii.  256 
Smith,  W.  Mast.  ii.  518 
Smith,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  195 
Smith,  W.  Mid.  i.  483 
Smith,  W.  Mid.  ii,  428 
Smith,  W.  Mid.  ii.  378 
Smith,  Sir  W.  S.  Capt.  i.  369,  404,  412, 
426,   427,   506,    510,  512;  ii.  22,71,86, 
192,  259 
Sm\th,  S.  Lt.  ii.  521 
Smyth,  W.  H.  Capt.  i.  476 
Snell,  J.  Bo.  ii.  50." 
Snell,  J.  Mate,  ii.  144 
Sneyd,  R.  Lt.  i.  462 
Snow,  W.  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  404 
Snow,  W.  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Snowe,  W.  H.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  314 
Solirran  Aga,  i.  511 
Solsby,  Mast.  i.  486 
Somerset,  J.  O.  Capt.  i.  203 
Somerville,  K.  Coin.  ii.  476 
Somerville,  P.  Capt.  ii.  56,  487 
Sotheby,  R.-Adm.  ii.  337 
Sotheron,  F.  Capt.  i.  515 
Southcomh,  J.  Capt.  ii.  419 
Southey,  T.  Mid.  i.  469;  ii.  34 
Southwell,  Sir  T.  i.  36 
Spain,  Louis,  King  of,  i.  ]3 
Spalding,  R.  C.  Lt.  ii.  527 
Spargo,  S.  Bo.  ii.  161 


Sparking,  J.  Mid.  ii.  453 

Sparrow,  F.  Lt.  ii.  377 

Sparrow,  Sec.  i.  44 

Spea,  J.  L.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  24 

Spear,  J.  Capt.  ii.  228 

Spear,  R.  Lt.  ii.  145,  147,  378 

Spearing,  G.  A.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  35,  242 

Spearman,  J.  R.  Mid.  ii.  353 

Spearman,  R.  Mid.  ii.  296 

Speke,  H.  Capt.  i.  203 

Spence,  C.  Lt.  ii.  184 

Spence,  Mid.  ii.  22 

Spencer,  B.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  35 

Spencer,  Hon.  Capt.  F.  ii.  515 

Spencer,  R.  Com.  ii.  312 

Spencer,  R.  Mid.  i.  419 

Spencer,  R.  Vol.  ii.  45 

Spencer,  Hon.  R.  C.  Mid.  ii.  300,  435 

Spencer,  S.  Mid.  ii.  87 

Spens,  N.  Capt.  ii.  12 

Spilsbury,  F.  B.  Lt.  ii.  389,  460,  46l 

Spottiswood,  R.  Capt.  ii.  68 

Spragge,   Sir  E.   Rr.-Adm.  i.  60,  64,  65, 

66,  70,  71 
Spranger,  J.  W.  Capt.  i.  425;  ii.  391 
Spratt,  J.  Mate,  ii.  144 
Spry,  T.  Lt.  i.  314 
Spurling.  J.  Mast.  ii.  469 
Squire,  M.  Capt.  i.  352 
Stacey,  T.  Mast.  i.  207 
Stackpoole,  H.  Lt.  i.  521  ;  ii.  419 
Stafford,  Earl  of,  i.  17 
Staines,  T.  Capt.  ii.  286 
Staines,  W.  H.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Stamp,  T.  Lt.  ii.  8 
Standley,  R.  Mid.  ii.  29 
Stanfell,  F.  Com.  ii.  305,  308,  463 
Stanhope,  Col.  i.  134 
Stanhope,  E.  F.  Mid.  ii.  33S,  432 
Stanhope,  H.  E.  Lt.  i.  250,  2£  I 
Stanhope,  M.  Lt.  i.  294 
Stanhope,  P.  Capt.  i.  114,  115 
Stanhope,  T.  Capt.  i.  1SJ,  201 
Stanley,  E.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Stanton,  A.  C.  Mid.  ii.  16 
Stapledon,  A.  Lt.  ii.  45 
Stapleton,  J.  Mast.  i.  8S 
Stavner,  R.  Capt.  i.  51,  52 
Steel,  E.  Lt.  ii.  278 
Steele,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  115 
Steele,  J.  Mate.  i.  285 
Stellingworth,  Adm.  i.  5fi 
Stephens,  A.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  478,  511 
Stephens,  J.  Mast.  ii.  407 
Stephens,  W.  Com.  ii.  314 
Stephens,  W.  K.  Lt.  ii.  523,  529 
Stephenson,  T.  Lt.  i.  331 
Stephenson,  J.  Mid.  i.  454 
Stepney,  F.  Capt.  i.  126 
Sterling,  J.  Mid.  ii.  27S 
Steuart,  H.  Com.  ii.  205 
Stevens,  Bo.  ii.  427 
Stevens,  C.  Capt.  i.  156,  167 
Stevens,  C.  J.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  521 
Stevens,  W.  Capt.  i.  327 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


579 


Stevenson,  J.  Capt.  ii.  22 

Steward,  Mid.  ii.  45 

Stewart,  Lt.  i.  334 

Stewart,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  lRO 

Stewart,  A.  Lt.  ii.  225 

Stewart,  C.  Capt.  ii.  493 

Stewart,  G.  Lt.  ii.  189 

Stewart,  G.  Mid.  i.  462 

Stewart,  H.  Capt.  i.  145 

Stewart,  H.  Capt.  ii.  525,  529,  544 

Stewart,  H.  Lt.  It.M.  i.  318 

Stewart,  H.  Mast.  ii.  224 

Stewart,  H.  Mid.  ii.  189 

Stewart,  Hon.  Capt.  K.  i.  2/5 

Stewart,  J.  Bo.  ii.  358 

Stewart,  J.  Capt.  ii.  22,  233 

Stewart,  J.  Capt.  ii.  322 

Stewart,  J.  Clerk,  ii.  521 

Stewart,  J.  Mid.  i.  395 

Stewart,  J.  Mid.  ii.  416 

Stewart,  J.  P.  Com.  ii.  353,  397 

Stewart,  Lord  G.  Capt.  ii.  399 

Stewart,  R.  Mast.  ii.  35 

Stewart,  W.  Capt.  ii.  444 

Stewart.  W.  Com.  ii.  343 

Stiles,  J.  Lt.  i.  370,  382 

Stirling,  Col.  i.  277 

Stirling,  C.  Com.  i.  323,  472  ;  ii.  188 

Stirling,  J.  Com.  ii.  500 

Stirling,  J.  Lt.  ii.  290 

St.  Cricq,  Capt.  ii.  303 

St.  George,  W.  Lt.  ii.  143 

St.  John,  Hon.  Capt.  H.  i.  302 

St.  Julien,  Adm.  i.  367 

Stocker,  C.  M.  Lt.  i.  419 

Stockham,  J.  Capt.  ii.  121 

Stoddart,  P.  Com.  ii.  205 

Stoker,  J.  Lt.  ii.  440 

Stokes,  H.  Mid.  ii.  s6o 

Stokes,  J.  Capt.  i.  50 

Stokes,  J.  Lt.  i.  508,  512  ;  ii.  337 

Stone,  Mast.  i.  314,  343 

Stone,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Stoney,  J.  Mid.  ii.  321 

Stopford,  E.  Com.  ii.  301,  372 

Stopford,  E.  Lt.  ii.  525 

Stopford,   Hon.  Capt.  R.  i.  385,426,  490  : 

ii.  160,  26l,  269,  273,  373,  524,  528,  537, 

540,  544 
Stopford,  J.  J.  Com.  ii.  525 
Stopford,  R.  F.  Com.  ii.  525 
Storey,  Adm.  i.  516 
Storr,  J.  Capt.  i.  187 
Stott,  J.  Capt,  i.  309 
Stout,  R.  Capt.  i.  71 
Strachan,  Capt.  Sir  R.  i.  358,  383,  412 

424;  ii.  17,  149,  293 
Strachey,  C.  Com.  ii.  65,  201 
Strangways,  H.  L.  Capt.  R.M.  i.  432 
Streel,  B.  Com.  it.  339 
Strickland,  C.  Capt.  i.  134 
Strickland,  Sir  R.  Capt.  i.  71,  75 
Strode,  E.  Mast.  ii.  246 
Stronpr,  J.  Bo.  ii.  335 
Stuart,  Col.  i.  437  ;  ii-  27,  31 


Stuart,  G.  Mast.  i.  39s 

Stuart,  J.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Stuart,  Lord  G.  Capt.  ii.  260 

Stuart,  N.  Lt.  i.  302 

Stuart,  P.  Lt.  i.  210 

Stuart,  R.  Lt.  ii.  300 

Studd,  E.  i.  440 

Stupart,  G.  Lt.  i.  514 

Sturgeon,  P.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  521 

Sturt,  H.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Sturt,  H.  R.  Lt.  ii.  521 

Suard,  Sir  R.  i.  6 

Suckling,  M.  Capt.  i.  177 

Suckling,  M.  W.  Lt.  i.  427 

Sudbury,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  490 

Suffrein,  Com.  i.  311,  326,  329,  332,  356 

Suleiman  Pacha,  ii.  528 

Su'ivan,  T.  B.  Lt.  ii.  175,  188,  476,  434 

Sullivan,  C.  Mid.  ii.  214 

Summers,  J.  Lt.  i.  512 

Surrey,  Earl  of,  i.  24 

Sutherland,  A.  Capt.  i.  313 

Sutherland,  J.  Mast.  ii.  165 

Sutton,  E.  Capt.  i.  252,  309 

Sutton,  J.  Capt.  i.  420 

Sutton,  R.  M.  Capt.  i.  317 

Sutton,  S.  Lt.  i.  308  ;  ii.  90 

Sutton,  T.  Gun.  i.  165 

Sweeting,  W.  Mid.  ii.  510 

Swimmer,  H.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Swinburn,  W.  Lt.  ii.  218 

Swiney,  W.  Lt.  i.  488 

Syder,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  399 

Sver,  D.  R.  Mid.  ii.  300,  422 

Sykes,  J.  i.  447,  453 

Sykes,  J.  Lt.  ii.  453 

Sykes,  T.  Lt.  ii.  44,  147,  232,  284 

Symes,  A.  S.  Mid.  ii.  508,  511 

Symes,  B.  Lt.  i.  524 

Symes,  J.  Lt.  ii.  289 

Symonds,  J.  Capt.  i.  50 

Symonds,  J.  Capt.  i.  308 

Svmonds,  J.  Lt.  ii.  469 

Symons,  H.  Mid.  ii.  490 

Svmons,  J.  Capt.  i.  337 

Symons,  J.  Lt.  i,  210,  256 

Symons,  W.  J.  Lt.  471 


Ta^on,  Don  M.  j.  335 
Tailour,  J.  Lt.  ii.  300 
Tainsh,  R.  Surg.  i.  512 
Tait,  D.  Lt.  ii.  170,  300 
Tait,  J.  Lt.  ii.  103 
Tait,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  38 
Talbot,  Capt.  i.  209 
Talbot,  G.  Capt.  i.  326 
Talbot,  Hon.  Capt.  J.  ii.  100 
Talbot,  J.  Capt.  ii.  386 
Talbot,  J.  Lt.  i.  412 
Tancock,  Gun.  i.  470 
Tancred,  King  of  Sicily,  i.  2 
Tarade,  Chev.  de,  i.  269 
Tartue,  Capt.  i.  375 
Tate,  J.  Mast.  i.  285 


580 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Tatham,  S.  Capt.  i.  406 

Tathwell,  J.  Capt.  i.  254 

Tattnall,  J.  B.  Lt.  ii.  489 

Taupier,  P.  J.  Lt.  ii.  67 

Tause,  C.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Tayler,  T.  Capt.  i.  91 

Taylor,  Capt,  i.  39 

Taylor,  Gen.  ii.  475 

Taylor,  B.  W.  Lt.  i.  48S;  ii.  116,  171,  385, 

417 
Taylor,  G.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  462 
Taylor,  H.  P.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  285 
Taylor,  J.  Clerk,  i.  463 
Taylor,  J.  Com.  ii.  421 
Taylor,  J.  Lt.  ii.  26 
Taylor,  J.  Mid.  ii.  2S8 
Taylor,  J.  G.  Mid.  i.  483 
Taylor,  L.  Bo.  ii.  254 
Tavlor,  P.  Capt.  i.  155 
Taylor,  P.  Lt.  i.  165 
Taylor,  T.  Com.  i.  181,  183,  203 
Taylor,  T.  Mid.  ii.  40 
Taylor,  \V.  Lt.  i.  429 
Temple,  F.  Lt.  ii.  65 
Temple,  J.  Com.  i.  427 
Tempest,  J.  Capt.  i.  JO 
Tempest,  R.  Lt.  i.  118 
Ternay,  M.  i.  310 
Terry,  G.  Mid.  ii.  450 
Tesse,  Marshal,  i.  113 
Tetlev,  J.  S.  Com.  ii.  368,  382 
Theed,  J.  Lt.  ii.  394 
Theed,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  340 
Thesiger,  Sir  F.  Com.  ii.  33 
Thevenard,  Capt.  i.  480 
Thicknesse,  J.  Lt.  ii.  ISO 
Thistleuayte,  F.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Thomas,  a  monk,  i.  8 
Thomas,  Carp.  ii.  256 
Thomas,  Com.  i.  52 
Thomas,  E.  F.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Thomas,  G.  Lt.  ii.  23 
Thomas,  H.  Mid.  ii.  441 
Thomas,  J.  Mast.  ii.  70 
Thomas,  J.  Mast.  ii.  337 
Thomas,  M.  Purs.  ii.  251 
Thomas,  R.  Mast.  i.  335 
Thompson,  Lt.  i.  334 
Thompson,  Lt.  R.M.  i.  635 
Thompson.  A.  Lt.  i.  4 49 
Thompson,  C.  Capt.  i.  450 
Thompson,  G.  Bo.  ii.  43(5 
Thompson,  G.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  28(3 
Thompson,  G.  Mid.  ii.  143 
Thompson,  J.  i.  447 
Thompson,  J.  Bo.  ii.  535 
Thompson,  J.  Lt.  i.  440;  ii.  87 
Thompson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  393 
Thompson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  9 
Thompson,  J.  Mast.  ii.  68,  163 
Thompson,  J.  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  i l.- 
Thompson,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  35 
Thompson,  S.  Capt.  i.  321 
Thompson,  T.  Capt.  i.  245,  2(i0 
Thompson,  T.  Lt.  i.  4  28 


Thompson,  T.   B.  Capt.  i.  455,  474,  48", 

488;  ii.  27,  34 
Thompson,  T.  B.  Mid.  ii.  41 
Thompson,  W.  i.  93 
Thompson,  W.  H.  Mid.  ii.  165 
Thomson,  C.  Lt.  ii.  528 
Thornborough,  E.  Capt.  i.  307 
Thorpe,  G.  Lt.  i.  455 
Thouars,  Du  Petit,  Capt.  i.  481 
Thoulouse,  Adm.  Comte,  i.  107 
Thuars,  Capt.  ii.  448 
Thurot,  M.  i.  193,  206 
Tiddiman,  R.  Capt.  i.  201 
Tiddiman,  T.  V.-Adm.  i.  57 
Tien,  M.  de,  i.  331 
Timmins,  G.  Mid.  ii.  335 
Tindal,  G.  Capt.  i.  219 
Tindall,  J.  P.  Mid.  i.  462 
Tindall,  W.  Lt.  ii.  35 
Titterton,  T.  Purs.  ii.  152 
Tobin,  G.  Capt.  ii.  118,  443 
Todd,  A.  Com.  i.  437 
Toker,  T.  R.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Toll,  E.  Capt.  i.  167 
Toilet,  A.  Capt.  i.  120 
Tomkinson,  J.  Lt.  ii.  243,  322,  339 
Tomlinson,  N.  Com.  i.  428 
Tomlinson,  P.  Mast.  .Mate,  ii.  205 
Tooley,  R.  Mid.  i.  453 
Torin,  R.  Capt.  ii.  12 
Torkington,  R.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  24 
Torrens,  R.  Maj.  ii.  355 
Torrington,  Earl  of,  i.  78 
Torrington,  Viscount.     See  Byng.  G. 
Tory,  J.  Mast.  i.  154 
Tothill,  Lt.  i.  348 
Torris,  Don  F.  de,  ii.  39 
Touche,  M.  la,  Capt.  i.  303.  316,  349 
Touffet,  C.  Lt.  i.  506  ;  ii.  66 
Touffet,  N.  Capt.  ii.  500 
Tourneur,  Lt.  ii.  So 
Tourpie,  Capt.  ii.  16 
Tourville,  Comte  de,  i.  78 
Tower,  J.  Capt.  ii.  391 
Townley,  P.  S.  Lt.  ii.  321 
Townshend,  I.  Capt.  i.  141,  155 
Townshend,  J.  Capt.  ii.  525 
Towrv,  G.  H.  Capt.  i.  413,  427 
Towry,  J.  Capt.  i.  136 
Towrv.  P.  Capt.  i.  211 
Tozer,  A.  Mid,  ii.  115,  422 
Tozer,  C.  E.  Mid.  ii.  432 
Trace,  C.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  153 
Tracy,  F.  M.  ii.  63 
Tracy,  J.  Lt.  ii.  217 
Travers,  E.  Lt.  ii.  380 
Travers,  J.  Mid.  ii.  465 
Travers,  R.  Lt.  i.  356 
Treacv,  J.  Mid.  ii.  77 
Trelawney,  Lt.  i.  343 
Trevanion,  Mr.  i.  69 
Trevor,  T.  Capt.  i.  137 
Trewren,  W.  Lt.  ii.  260 
Tribbett,  T.  Mast.  i.  118 
Trigge,  J.  Lt.  i.  350 


INDEX    OF    NAMES. 


581 


Triplet,  W.  Bo.  ii.  250 

Tripp,  J.  Mast.  i.  211 

Trist,  R.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  218 

Tritton,  E.  Com.  ii.  384,  419 

Trogoff,  Capt.  ii.  84 

Trogoff,  Comte  de,  i.  367 

Trollope,  G.  B.  Lt.  i.  462;  ii.  388 

Trollope,  H.  Lt.  i.  270,  347,  431,  459,  464 

Tromp,  C.  Capt.  i.  45,  54 

Tromp,  M.  H.  Adm.  i.  38,  41,  43,  59,  70 

Tronjolli,  M.  de,  i.  268 

Trotter,  J.  W.  Mast.  >i.  138 

Troubridge,  E.  T.  Coin.  ii.  172,  48S 

Troubridge,  T.  Capt.  i.  385,  475  ;    ii.  3, 

113,  181 
Troughton,  J.  Mast.  i.  419,  462 
Trouin,  Du  Guai,  Adm.  i.  118,  121,  123 
Trounce,  S.  Mast.  ii.  143 
Truscott,  W.  Capt.  i.  272,  317 
Trusson,  C.  A.  Lt.  ii.  196 
Tryon,  Gen.  i.  278 
Tryon,  R.  Lt.  ii.  344 
Tucker,  E.  Capt.  ii.  312 
Tucker,  N.  Lt.  i.  503 
Tucker,  T.  T.  Mid.  ii.  103,  256,  450 
Tucket,  Hon.  G.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Tudor,  A.  Capt.  i.  120,  121 
Tullidge,  J.  C.  Lt.  ii.  339,  340 
Tupman,  G.  Lt.  ii.  218 
Tapper,  C.  Lt.  i.  370,  482 
Turberville,  Sir  R.  1.  6 
Turberville,  Sir  T.  i.  7 
Ture,  Chev.  de  St.  i.  312 
Turner,  A.  Mate,  ii.  143 
Turner,  J.  Lt.  ii.  46 
Turner,  W.  Surg.  ii.  367 
Turquand,  J.  W.  Com.  ii.  2 
Tuscany,  Grand  Duke  of,  i.  41,  44,  50 
Twysden,  T.  Capt.  i.  493 
Tyler,  C.  Capt.  i.  409;  ii.  121,  126 
Tyrason,  Don  M.  i.  453 
Tyrrel,  R.  Capt.  i.  145 

* 
Umfreville,  J.  B.  Capt.  ii.  486 
Undell,  J.  Lt.  ii.  226 
Uniacke,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  490 
Uniacke,  R.  Mid.  ii.  490 
Unthank,  R.  Bo.  ii.  313 
Upton,  C.  Capt.  ii.  244 
Urmston,  G.  C.  Lt.  ii.  348,  420 
Usher,  A.  Capt.  i.  215 
Usherwood,  \V.  Lt.  ii.  3fi6 
Ussher,  J.  Lt.  i.  434  ;    ii.  lG2,  229,  389, 

422,  444,  459 
Utbert,  R.  Capt.  i.  57 
Uvedale,  S.  Capt.  i.  209,  300 

Valentine,  D.  Mate,  i.  375 
Valentine,  G.  Bo.  ii.  511 
Valette,  Capt.  i.  490 
Valiant,  P.  H.  Mate,  i.  370 
Vallack,  R.  G.  Lt.  ii.  241 
Vallis,  T.  Capt.  i.  50 
Vanbrugh,  C.  Capt.  i.  131 
Van  de  Capellen,  Baron,  ii.  504 


Vanderdassen,  Adm.  i.  105,  108 

Vandergoes,  Adm.  i.  100 

Vanderputten,  Adm.  i.  79 

Van  Muren,  Capt.  ii.  443 

Van  Nes,  Capt.  ii.  186 

Vansittart,  Mr.  ii.  26 

Varage,  J.  Capt.  i.  287 

Varlo,  B.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  531 

Vashon,  J.  Capt.  i.  384 

Vashon,  J.  G.  Capt.  ii.  395 

Vassal,  N.  Lt.  i.  483 

Vaudreuil,  Marq.  de,  i.  198 

Vaughan,  J.  T.  Mid.  ii.  453 

Vaughan,  R.  Capt.  i.  92 

Veale,  J.  Lt.  i.  274 

Vega,  F.  Capt.  i.  430 

Venables,  Gen.  i.  49 

Vence,  Adm.  i.  415 

Verger,  R.  Adm.  i.  205 

Ver  Huell,  R.  Adm.  ii.  85 

Vernon,  E.  V.-Adm.  i.  137,  139.  140,  143 

Vernon,  E.  Capt.  i.  176,  198,  267 

Vernon,  F.  Lt.  ii.  290 

Vernon,  H.  Ens.  i.  399 

Vesey,  F.  Arm.  i.  514 

Vesey,  M.  Bo.  ii.  291 

Victor,  G.  Mid.  ii.  87 

Victor,  J.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  368 

Vienne,  Adm.  de,  i;  16 

Vigny,  Chev.  de,  i.  347 

Vilettes,  Lt.  Col.  i.  381 

Villaret,  Adm.  i.  391 

Villeneuve,  V.-Adm.  ii   95,  118,  120 

VUleneuve,  Capt.  ii.  447 

Vincent,  Lt.  i.  208,  259 

Vincent,  N.  Capt.  i.  191 

Vincent,  R.  B.  Com.  ii.  97 

Vincent,  S.  Capt.  i.  99 

Vine,  G.  B.  Lt.  ii.  184 

Vivyan,  W.  Lt.  R.  M.  ii.  18 

Volbergen,  Capt.  i.  309 

Vries,  Adm.  de,  i.  6l 

Vrignaud,  Capt.  ii.  162 

Vyvyan,  A.  Capt.  i.  440 

Wade,  C.  Capt.  i.  97,  99 

Wager,  Com.  i.  119,  123 

Waghorn,  J.  Lt.  i.  318 

Waghorn,  M.  Capt.  i.  346 

Waimvright,  J.  Capt.  ii.  302,  473,  4/G 

Wakefield,  A.  Mid.  ii.  478 

Wakeham,  C.  Clerk,  ii.  521 

Waldegrave,   Hon.  Capt.   G.   G.    ii.   328, 

382,  422 
Waldegrave,  Hon.  Capt.  W.  i.  305,  325, 

450 
Waldegrave,  Hon.  W.  Lt.  ii.  300,  524 
Waldegrave,  Hon.  W.  Mid.  ii.  416,  432 
Waldegrave,  Hon.  W.  ii.  353 
Wales,  Prince  of,  i.  13,  14 
Wales,  W.  Com.  ii.  457 
Walker,  A.  Chap.  i.  118 
Walker,  B.  Com.  ii.  303 
Walker,  H.  Capt.  i.  94 
Walker,  H.  Lt.  ii.  1&9 


582 


IXDEX    OF   NAMES. 


Walker,  J.  Capt.  ii.  65,  Go 

Walker  Bey,  ii.  525,  532,  53;,  544 

Walker,  H.  Lt.  ii.  510 

Walker,  J.  Lt.  i.  524 

Walker,  R.  Lt.  ii.  324 

Walker,  It.  G.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  462 

Walker,  W.  H.  Lt.  ii.  208 

Walker,  W.  Lt.  i.  423 

Walker.  W.  Mid.  ii.  8/ 

Wall,  Mid.  ii.  89 

Wallace,  Sir  J.  Capt.  i.  268,  271,  306,  314 

Wallace,  J.  Lt.  ii.  135 

Waller,  E.  Lt.  ii.  50 

Waller,  J.  Capt.  i.  455 

Waller,  J.  Coin.  ii.  153 

Waller,  J.  Gun.  ii.  419 

Waller,  J.  Lt.  ii.  193,  195 

Waller,  T.  M.  Capt.  ii.  5 

Wallingford,  Lt.  i.  26l 

Wallington,  C.  Mid.  ii.  160 

Wallis,  H.  Qr.-Mast.  ii.  52 

Wallop,  Sir  J.  i.  24 

Walpole,  G.  Capt.  i.  127 

WalDole,  W.  Lt.  ii.  392 

Walsingham,  Hon.  Capt.  R.  B.  i.  264 

Walters,  P.  Mate,  i.  4S3 

Walton,  G.  Capt.  i.  99,  131,  133 

Warburton,  B.  Lt.  ii.  40 

Ward,  C.  Vol.  ii.  344 

Ward,  H.  Capt.  i.  172 

Ward,  W.  Lt.  ii.  163 

Waring,  H.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  280 

Warrand.T.  Lt.  ii.  14,  399 

Warre,  H.  Capt.  i.  424 

Warren,  Mid.  ii.  36/ 

Warren,  C.  Lt.  i.  515 

Warren,  F.  Capt.  ii.  285 

Warren,  H.  Mate,  ii.  533 

Warren,  Sir  J.  B.  Capt.  i.  404,  418.  426, 

432,  454,  491,  496;  ii.  8,  162,  420,  473 
Warren,  P.  Capt.  i.  144,  159,  l6l 
Warren,  R.  Mid.  ii.  51.  52 
Warren,  S.  Capt.  ii.  288,  290 
Warren,  S.  Com.  i.  244 
Warren,  W.  S.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Warrington,  L.  Capt.  ii.  457,  495 
Warwick,  Earl  of,  i.  19 
Wassenaer,  Baron,  i.  100 
Waters,  J.  Mid.  i.  507 
Waterhouse,  T.  Capt.  i.  137 
Waterton,  Gen.  i.  233 
Waterworth,  J.  Capt.  i.  69 
Watkins,  F.  Lt.  i.  408;  ii.  2.  15 
Watkins,  G.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  342 
Watkins,  J.  Capt.  i.  114,  118 
Watkins,  Lt.  ii.  297,  302 
Watkins,  R.  Capt.  i.  146 
Watling,  J.  W.  Lt.  ii.  322,  329,  331 
Watson,  C.  Capt.  i.  159 
Watson,  C.  Mast.  i.  285 
Watson,  E.  Lt.  ii.  196 
Watson,  J.  Capt.  i.  141,  143,  152 
Watson,  J.  Lt.  i.  356 
Watson,  J.  R.  Lt.  i.  409 
Watson,  J.  W.  Mate,  ii.  143 


Watson,  J.  W.  Mid.  ii.  143 

Watson,  R.  Capt.  i.  422 

Watson,  T.  W.  Mid.  ii.  162 

Watt,  J.  Capt.  i.  323,  334 

Watt,  J.  Mid.  ii.  338 

Watt,  T.  A.  Mid.  ii.  87 

Watts,  G.  E.  Lt.  ii.  196,  197,  204 

Watt,  G.  T.  L.  Lt.  ii.  428,  429 

Watts,  R.  Mid.  i.  456 

Wayne,  Gen.  i.  279 

Wearing,  T.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  143 

Weatherhead,  J.  Lt.  i.  456 

Weatherston,  J.  Mid.  i.  483 

Webb,  C.  Lt.  i.  468 

Webb,  C.  Mid.  i.  511 

Webb,  E.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  416,  432 

Webb,  Z.  Purs.  ii.  260 

Webley,  W.  H.  Lt.  i.  379 ;  ii-  2lS,  224 

Webster,  J.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  300 

Webster,  R.  Lt.  i.  462 

Webster,  W.  Lt.  ii.  211 

Webster,  W.  Mast.  i.  396 

Weeks.  J.  Lt.  ii.  392 

Weir,  B.  Lt.  ii.  199 

Weir,  H.  Com.  ii.  397 

Weiss,  W.  Mid.  ii.  294,  334 

Welch,  R.  Lt.  ii.  314 

Wellesley,  G.  G.  Lt.  ii.  531 

Wellesley,  Maj.-Gen.  Sir  A.  ii.  205 

Wells,  M.  Mid.  i.  483 

Wells,  T.  Capt.  i.  382 

Wells,  T.  Lt.  ii.  250,  390 

Wemyss,  F.  Mid.  ii.  235 

Wemyss,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Wenthuisen,  Don  F.  i.  314 

Wentwortb,  Gen.  i.  143 

Wc1..,,  G.  N.  Blast.  Mate,  ii.  510 

West,"E.  Mid.  ii.  5 

West,  H.  Mate,  ii.  143 

West,  J.  Capt.  ii.  292 

West,  J.  Mid.  ii.  414 

West,  Lord,  i.  19 

West,  T.  Capt.  i.  1/3  % 

Westcott,  R.  B.  Capt.  i.  483 

Western,  J.  Lt.  i.  360 

Westphal,  G.  A.  Mid.  ii.  134,  424,  433 

Westphal,  P.  Lt.  ii.  433 

Westropp,  P.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  144 

Wetheral,  Maj.-Gen.  ii.  372 

Wetherall,  F.  A.  Com.  ii.  303 

Wetherell.  A.  Mast.  ii.  251 

Whaley,  T.  Lt.  ii.  410 

Wharne,  G.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Wheeler,  E.  Capt.  i.  194,  195 

Wheeler,  T.  Gun.  ii.  372 

Whimper,  W.  Mid.  ii.  35 

Whinvates,  T.  Capt.  ii.  406 

Whipple,  A.  Capt.  i.  229,  230 

Whipple,  Z.  Capt.  Clerk,  ii.  143 

Whitaker,  S.  Capt.  i.  106 

Whitby,  H.  Capt.  ii.  292,  343,  349 

Whitby,  J.  Capt.  i.  415 

White,"  Cornet,  ii.  499 

White,  A.  B.  Lt.  ii.  235 

White,  C.  Capt.  i.  422 


INDEX    OF   NAMES. 


583 


White,  F.  Mid.  ii.  143 

White,  G.  R.  Mid.  ii.  489 

White,  J.  Capt.  It.M.  i.  469 

White,  J.  C.  Capt.  ii.  162,  456 

White,  J.  C.  Com.  i.  428,  433,  454,  491 ; 

ii.  60 
White,  J.  J.  Mast.  ii.  332 
White,  R.  Capt.  i.  70 
White,  T.  Lt.  i.  458 
White,  W.  G.  Mid.  ii.  4go 
Whitear,  R.  Capt.  i.  248 
Whithurst,  W.  Mid.  i.  390 
Whitshed,  J.  H.  Capt.  i.  4  41 
Whittaker,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  363 
Whitter,  T.  Lt.  i.  397,  422 
Whitworth,  Lt.  i.  283 
Whitty,  T.  Capt.  i.  do 
Whylock,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  225,  278,  296, 

442,  532 
Wightman,  Mast.  i.  323 
Wightman,  S.  Lt.  R.M.  i.  294 
Wigmore,  Lt.  i.  302 

Wild,  or  Wvld,  B.  Capt.  i.  108,  116,  117 
Wiley,  J.  Mid.  i.  419,  513 
Wilkes,  J.  Mid.  ii.  278 
Wilkey,  J.  Mid.  ii.  359 
Wilkie,  Clerk,  i.  295 
Wilkie,  J.  Lt.  ii.  398 
Wilkins,  W.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  292 
Wilkinson,  I.  Bo.  ii.  143 
Wilkinson,  P.  Capt.  ii.  8 
Wilkinson,  R.  Mast.  ii.  57 
Wilkinson,  T.  Capt.  i.  240 
Wilkinson,  W.  Lt.  i.  433 
Wilks,  T.  Lt.  ii.  34 
Willan,  R.  Capt.  Clerk,  i.  414 
Willaumez,  R.  Adtn.  ii.  155,  265 
Willcox,  J.  Mid.  ii.  160 
Willes,  G.  W.  Lt.  ii.  282,  283,  3iy 
Willet,  S.  W.  Capt.  186 
William  de  Fortz,  i.  1 
Williams,  C.  Lt.  ii.  81 
Williams,.  E.  Lt.  ii.  56 
Williams,  E.  Lt.  ii.  145 
Williams,  J.  Lt.  ii.  205 
Williams,  J.  Mast.  ii.  49 
Williams,  J.  Mid.  ii.  35 
Williams,  J.  D.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  40 
Williams,  M.  Mid.  ii.  521 
Williams,  P.  Lt.  ii.  345 
Williams,  R.  Chap.  i.  125 
Williams,  R.  Lt.  i.  332 
Williams,  R.  Surg.  ii.  279 
Williams,  T.  Capt.  i.  428 
Williams,  W.  Lt.  ii.  199 
Williams,  W.  Mast.  ii.  83,  84 
Williams,  W.  P.  Capt.  i.  307,  315 
Williams,  Z.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  181 
Williamson,  G.  Mid.  ii.  106 
Williamson,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 
Williamson,  N.  Mast.  ii.  290 
Willison,  W.  Mid.  i.  422 
Willmot,  D.  Lt.  i.  471,  509 
Willoughby,  N.  J.  Lt.  ii.  75,  191, 195,  297, 

314,  322,  329,  330,  333,  335 


Willoughby,  T.  Capt.  i.  64,  293 
Wills,  G.  Lt.  ii.  418 
Wills,  R.  Capt.  i.  235 
Wilson,  A.  Lt.  ii.  334 
Wilson,  H.  S.  Lt.  ii.  103 
Wilson,  J.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  510 
Wilson,  J.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  41 
Wilson,  J.  Mast.  i.  285,  411 
Wilson,  T.  Bo.  ii.  236 
Wilson,  T.  H.  Lt.  i.  332 
Wilson,  T.  H.  Lt.  i.  4u6 
Wilson,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  i.  518 
Winchester,  W.  Mid.  ii.  26 
Winder,  Gen.  ii.  477,  483    . 
Winder,  E.  Chap.  ii.  521 
Winder,  J.  Capt.  i.  131 
Windsor,  E.  Capt.  i.  119 
Windsor.  Hon.  Capt.  T.  i.  263 
Winne,  J.  Lt.  i.  385 
Wintle,  F.  B.  Lt.  ii.  408 
Wintour,  C.  F.  Lt.  i.  399 
Winzar,  D.  Lt.  i.  189 
Wise,  D.  F.  Mid.  ii.  511 
Wise,  H.  Mid.  ii.  300 
Wise,  W.  F.  Capt.  ii.  195,  504 
Witheridge,  E.  Capt.  i.  50 
Witte,  Adm.  de,  ii.  41,  45 
Witte,  P.  de,  Capt.  i.  72 
Witts,  T.  Lt.  i.  118 
Wolfe,  Gen.  i.  193 
Wolfe,  G.  Capt.  ii.  87,  224,  275 
Wolrige,  A.  A.  R.  Lt.  R.M.  ii.  508 
Wolrige,  C.  Lt.  ii.  375 
Wolseley,  C.  Capt.  i.  323 
Wolseley,  W.  Lt.  i.  32(3,  354,  372- 
Wolsely,  J.  H.  Mid.  ii.  510 
Wood,  Bo.  i.  530 
Wood,  C.  Capt.  i.  334 
Wood,  G.  Lt.  ii.  88,  234 
Wood,  J.  Capt.  ii.  113 
Wood,  J.  Carp.  ii.  211 
Wood,  J.  Mast.  ii.  46 
Wood,  J.  A.  Capt.  ii.  186 
Wood,  J.  T.  Capt.  ii.  414 
Wood,  W.  Lt.  i.  332 
Woodford,  J.  Lt.  ii.  205 
Woodin,  J.  Lt.  ii.  143 
Woodin,  W.  Lt.  ii.  468 
Woods,  W.  Mid.  ii.  369 
Woodward,  S.  Mid.  ii.  365 
Wooldridge,  J.  Capt.  ii.  31 1 
Wooldridge,  W.  Lt.  ii.  6l,  269 
Woollcombe,  J.  C.  Capt.  ii.  213 
Woolley,  I.  Capt.  ii.  2l6 
Woolsey,  W.  Com.  ii.  102 
Worsley,  M.  Lt.  ii.  466 
Worth,  H.  J.  Com.  ii.  535 
Worth,  J.  A.  Lt.  i.  513  ;  ii.  447 
Worthy,  J.  D.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  372 
Wortley,  R.  Capt.  ii.  216 
Wray,  G.  Mid.  ii.  ]Q5 
Wrench,  M.  Lt.  i.  370 
Wrenn,  R.  Lt.  i.  76,  80 
Wrickson,  H.  Mate,  i.  454 
Wright,  Mid.  ii.  23 


584 


IXDEX    OF    NAMES. 


Wright,  J.  Lt.  i.  295 
Wright,  J.  W.  Lt.  i.  50S  ;  ii.  85 
Wright,  P.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  341 
Wvborn,  J.  Lt.  ii.  307 
Wvbourn,  M.  Capt.  R.M.  ii.  424 
W'vld,  Corn.  i.  108,  116,  117 
Wyndham,  C.  Capt.  i.  136,  148 
Wvnn,  R.  Capt.  i.  105 
Wvvill,  C.  Mid.  ii.  422 
Wyvill,  F.  Capt.  i.  101 

Yardi,  Don  J.  A.  de,  i.  297 
Tates,  C.  W.  Lt.  ii.  324 
Yates,  R.  A.  Lt.  ii.  344 
Yaulden,  H.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  33 
Yennis,  E.  Capt.  i.  69 
Yeo,  Mr.  G.  ii.  259 

Yeo,  J.  L.  Lt.  ii.  103,  208,  259,  3S5,  434, 
435,  459 


Yeoman,  B.  Mid.  ii.  235 

York,  Duke  of,  Ld.-Adm.  i.  53,  67 

Yorke,  J.  S.  Capt.  i.  374,  422;  ii.  312 

Young,  Capt.  i.  32 

Young,  Capt.  i.  38 

Youmr,  B.  Capt.  i.  66 

Young,  G.  Capt.  i.  267 

Young,  J,  Capt.  i.  520 

Young,  J.  Mid.  ii.  144 

Young,  R.  Capt.  i.  153 

Young,  R.  B.  Lt.  ii.  10 

Young,  T.  Mate,  i.  370 

Young,  W.  Capt.  i.  30'> 

Young,  W.  Capt.i.  366 

Young,  W.  Mast.  Mate,  ii.  436 

Younghusband,  G.  Com.  ii.  82 

Yule,' J.  Lt.  ii.  145 

Zoutman,  R.-Adrn.i.317 


INDEX   OF  EVENTS. 


Note. — The  names  of  Foreign  Vessels  are  printed  in  italic. 

Agaye,  French  privateer  captured  at,  ii. 


Aheille  captures  the  Alacrity,  ii.  366 

Acupulco  galleon,  capture  of  the,  i.  222 

Acheron,  capture  of,  ii.  96 

Achille  engages  the  Rippon,  i.  213  ;  cap- 
tured, 215 

Achilles  captures  the  Comtede  Florentine, 
i-  197 

Achilles  and  Dorsetshire  capture  the  Rai- 
sonnable,  i.  192 

Acre  captured  by  the  Crusaders,  i.  3  ;  be- 
sieged by  Bonaparte,  50/  ;  bombarded 
by  the  allied  fleet,  ii.  524 

Actionnaire,  capture  of,  i.  3J4 

Active,  encounter  with  the  Nonsuch,  i.  314 

Active  attacks  five  French  privateers  at 
Curasoa,  ii.  15 

Active,  boats  of,  capture  a  convoy  at  Ra- 
gosniza,  ii.  369 

Active's  Prize  destroys  the  Santa  3Iariu, 
ii.  20 

Active  and  Favourite  capture  the  treasure- 
ship  Hermioue,  i.  221 

Adamant  destroys  the  Prcneuse,  i.  524 

Adams  destroyed,  ii.  4c'9 

Admiral  Mitchell,  cutter,  drives  a  French 
brig  and  sloop  on  shore,  ii.  72 

Admiral  Yawl,  capture  of,  ii.  218 

Adriad,  capture  of,  i.  122 

Adventure  captures  the  Golden  Horse,  i.  75 

Adventure,  capture  of,  i.  103 

Adventure,  capture  of,  i.  119 

Adventure,  capture  of,  i.  176 

Adventure  captures  the  Machault,  i.  186 

Adventurer,  capture  of,  i.  486 

Advice  captured  by  eight  Dunkirk  pri- 
vateers, i.  12/ 

JEolus  engages  the  Blonde,  and  captures 
the  Mignonne,  i.  196;  captures  the 
Murechul  de  Belleisle,  207 

Affronteur,  capture  of,  ii.  64 

Africa,  action  with  Danish  gun-boats,  ii. 
251 

Africa,  capture  of,  i.  503 

Africaine,  capture  of,  ii.  25 

Africaine,  boats  of,  capture  a  schooner,  but 
are  obliged  to  abandon  her,  ii.  338 ;  cap- 
tured, 339  ;  recaptured,  340 

Agamemnon  engages  the  Melpomene,  i. 
374 ;  chased  by  a  French  squadron, 
410 


389 

Aigle  (corvette),  capture  of,  i.  346 
Aigle  (frigate),  capture  of,  i.  349 
Aigle  destroys  the  Charente  and  Jnie,  ii. 

87  ;  drives  on  shore  two  French  frigates, 

224 
Aigle  and  Gloire,  beaten  off  by  the  Hector, 

i.  347 
Aigrette,  action  with  Seahorse,  i.  211 
Aiguillon,  Ducd\  capture  of,  i.  ISO 
Aimable,  action  with  the  Penser.,  i.  432  ; 

captures  the  Iris,  ii.  260 
Aimable  Nelly,  capture  of,  ii.  308 
Aix,  isle  of,  attack  on  a  French  squadron 

at,  i.  189 
Ajax  (Indiaman),  capture  of,  i.  218 
Alacrity,  capture  of,  ii.  367 
Alassio,  attack  on  shipping  at,  ii.  326 
Albacore    and    Pickle,    action    with    the 

Gloire,  ii.  415 
Albion,  capture  of,  ii.  73 
Alceste,  boats  of,  at  Alassio,  ii.  326 
Alceste  and  Active   capture   the  Pomone 

and  Persanne,  ii.  383 
Alceste,  Mercury,  and  Grasshopper  attack 

a  Spanish  convoy  at  Cadiz,  ii.  225 
Alcide,  capture  of,  ii.  161 
Alcide,  capture  of,  ii.  314 
Alcide  and  Lys,  capture  of,  i.  1/0 
Alanine,  capture  of,  i.  296 
Alcmene    captures    the     Couragease,    i. 

515 
Alcyon  (victualler),  her  repeated  captures, 

i.  434 
Alcyon,  destruction  of,  i.  186 
Alderney,  French  squadron  defeated  off, 

i.62 
Alert  captures  the  Lexington,  i.  247  ;  cap- 
tures the  Courier,  263 
Alert,  capture  of,  ii.  401 
Alexander  (privateer)  recaptures  the  Sole- 
bay,  i.  157 
Alexander,  capture  of,  i.  351 
Alexander,  capture  of,  i.  405  ;  recaptured, 

418 
Alexander    and    Courageux   capture   the 

Monsieur,  i.  299 
Alexandria,  landing  at,  ii.  195 
Alexandria  (U.S.),  expedition  to,  ii.  483 


586 


INDEX    OF   EVENTS. 


Alexandria,  boats  of,  capture  two  Spanish 
vessels,  ii.  174 

Alexandrian  captures  the  Coq,  i.  457 ; 
captures  the  Epicharis,  457 

Alfred,  capture  of,  i.  260 

Alfred  and  Raleigh  beaten  off  by  the 
Camel  and  two  sloops,  i.  245 

Algerine  corsairs,  seven  beaten  off  by  the 
Mary  Rose,  i.  65  ;  seven  more  defeated 
by  the  Advice,  66  ;  seven  beaten  off  by 
the  Kingfisher,  76 

Algesiras  Bay,  actions  in,  ii.  41,  47 

Algiers,  fruitless  attack  on,  i.  38  ;  block- 
aded by  Sir  John  Lawson,  53 ;  re- 
duced to  temporary  quiet,  66,  75  ;  bom- 
bardment of,  by  a  British  and  Dutch 
squadron,  ii.  504 

Alicant,  capture  of,  i.  113 

Alliance  captures  the  Atalanta  and  Tre- 
passey,  i.  315  ;  is  captured,  315 

Alliance,  capture  of,  i.  422 

Alphea  blown  up  in  action  with  the 
Renard,  ii.  438 

Amanthea,  transports  destroyed  at,  ii.  328 

Amaranthe  captures  the  Vengeur,  i.  544  ; 
destroys  the  Cigne,  ii.  57 

Amazon  beats  off  Renommee,  i.  l6i) 

Amazon,  loss  of,  i.  439 

Amazon  and  So'cbay  capture  the  Chev- 
rette,  i.  ^.o 

Amazone,  capture  of,  i.  315  ;  recaptured, 
346 

Amazone  destroyed,  ii.  354 

Amboyna,  capture  of,  i.  437;  ii.  312 

Ambuscade,  capture  of,  i.  156 

Ambuscade,  capture  of,  i.  497 

Amelia,  island  of.  capture  of,  ii.  417 

Amelia,  action  with  the  Arethuse,  ii.  417 

Amelia  and  San  Fiorenzo,  action  with  a 
French  squadron,  i.  513 

American  flotilla  on  the  Patuxent,  destruc- 
tion of,  ii.  476 

American  heavy  frigates,  armament  of,  ii. 
363 

American  navy,      See  United  States  navy 

American  privateers,  repulse  of,  at  Bos- 
ton, i.  226  ;  superior  equipment  of  some, 
ii.  496 

American,  capture  of,  i.  311 

Amethyst  captures  the  Thetis,  ii.  252  ;  cap- 
tures the  Niemen,  279 

Amtthyste,  capture  of,  ii.  395 

Amphion,  attack  on  the  Baleine,  ii.  233  ; 
boats  of,  at  Cortelazzo,  295 

Amphion  and  Cerberus,  Loits  of,  at  Grao, 
ii.  321 

Amphion  and  Redwing  attack  Melita,  ii. 
261 

Amphion  and  squadron  defeat  the  Franco- 
Venetian  force  at  Lissa,  ii.  349 

Anaconda,  capture  of,  ii.  433 

Andromache  captures  an  Algerine  cruiser, 
i.  440 

Andromache  captures  the  Trave,  ii.  443 

Andromuque  destroyed,  i,  432 


Anemone,  destruction  of,  i.  490 
An<jlesea  captured  by  L'Apollon,  i.  155 
Anholt,  capture  of,  ii.  285  ;  attack  on  the 

British  force  at,  355 
Ann  beats  off  ten  Spanish  gun-boats,  ii. 

211 
Anne  (fire-ship),  its  destruction,  i.  151 
Anson  recaptures  the  Daphne,  i.  466 
Antelope  drives  the  Aquilon  on  shore,  i. 

182;  captures  the  Moras,  185  ;  captures 

the  Belliqueux,   1 94 ;  boats  of,  off  the 

Texel,  ii.  71 
Antelope  (packet)   captures  the  Atalanta, 

i.  377 
Antigua,  action  off,  i.  128 
Antigua  captures  the  Blacksnnke,  i.  247 
Antonio,  Port,  attack  on,  i.  134 
Apelles,  capture  and  recapture  of,  ii.  390 
Apollo  captures  the   Oiseuu,  i.  269 ;  cap- 
tures the  Stanislaus,  304 
Apollo  captures  the  Merinos,  ii.  335 
Apollon,  U,  captures  the  Anglesea,  i.  155 
Apropos  destroyed,  ii.  221 
Aquilon  driven  on  shore  and  wrecked,  i. 

183 
Aquilon   and    Fidelle,    engagement  with 

Colchester  and  Lyme,  i.  176 
Aquituine,  Ducd\  capture  of,  i.  183 
Arcasson,  forts  and  ships  destroyed  at,  ii. 

189 
Arethusa  engages  the  Belle  Poule,  i.  263  ; 

wrecked,  2"0 
Arethusa  captures  the  Gaiete,  i.  456;  boats 

of,  on  the  coast  of  Spain,  ii.  27s 
Arethusa  and  Anson  capture  the  Pomona, 

ii.  174 
Arethuse,  capture  of .  i.  198 
Arethuse,  action  with  the  Amelia,  ii.  417 
Argo,  capture  and  recapture  of,  i.  354 
Argus,  capture  of,  ii.  436 
Ariadne  and  Ceres  capture  the  Alfred,  i. 

260 
Ariel,  capture  of,  i.  2S5 
Armada,  the  Spanish,  i.  27 
Armed  neutrality,  the,  ii.  18  ;    battle  of 

Copenhagen,  27 
Armee  d'ltatie,  capture  of,  i.  500 
Armide,  capture  of,  ii.  178 
Armide   and   squadron,    boats   of,   attack 

shipping;  in   the   harbour  of  Fosse  de 

l'Oye,  ii.  320 
Arrow,  capture  of,  ii.  96 
Arrow  and  Nemesis  capture  the  Freija,  ii. 

11 
Artois,  capture  of,  i.  305 
Artois  captures  the  Mars  and  Hercules,  i. 

324;  captures  the  Revolutiunuaire,  i.  404 
Asp,  capture  of,  ii.  432 
Astrea  captures  the  Gloire,  i.  412 
Astree  and  Hermione  attack  a  British  con- 
voy, i.  316 
Atalanta,  capture  of.  i.  315 
Atalanta,  capture  of,  i.  376 
Atalante,  capture  of,  i.  384 
Atalante,  cutter  of,  captures  the  EeeilUy 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


587 


ii.  55  ;  boats  of,  destroy  shipping  at  St. 
Gildas,  71 

Atalante,  capture  of,  ii.  S3 

Audacieuse,  capture  of,  i.  271 

Audierne  Bay,  shipping  destroyed  in,  i.  454 

Augusta  sinks  a  St.  Malo  privateer,!.  155; 
captures  a  convoy  of  nine  French  ships, 
i.  179  ;  burnt  in  the  Delaware,  i.  241 

Auguste,  capture  of,  i.  104 

Auguste,  capture  of,  i.  158 

Austrian  squadron  takes  part  in  the  ope- 
rations on  the  coast  of  Syria,  ii.  525 

Aventurier  beaten  off  by  the  Princess 
Royal  (packet),  i.  4/1 

Avillas,  three  Spanish  luggers  captured  at, 
ii.  162 

Avon,  action  with  the  Wasp,  ii.  465 

Avon  and  Rainbow,  action  with  the  N6- 
reide,  ii .  311 

Azores,  expeditions  to  the,  i.  33,  37 

Bacchante,  boats  of,  capture  three  vessels 
at  Santa  Martha,  ii.  175;  captures  the 
Griffon,  231  ;  boats  of,  at  Rovigno,405  ; 
at  Gela  Nova,  432 

Bacchante  and  Saracen  capture  Cattaro, 
ii.  440 

Bacchante  and  Weasel,  boats  of,  capture 
five  gun-boats,  ii.  416 

Badere  Zafftr,  capture  of,  ii.  239 

Badger,  privateers  captured  by,  i.  181 

Baionnai.e  captures  the  Ambuscade,  i.  497 

Buleine,  attack  on  the,  ii.  233 

Baltimore,  attack  on,  ii.  483 

Banda,  capture  of,  i.  437 

Banda  Neira,  capture  of,  ii.  323 

Bandaris,  town  of,  burnt,  i.  62 

Bantry  Bay,  action  off,  i.  78 

Barbary  coast,  action  on  the,  between 
Boscawen  and  De  la  Clue,  i.  199 

Barbary  States,  expeditions  against,  i.  50, 
53,  65,  66.  74,  130,  136;  ii.  504 

Barbier  de  Seville,  capture  of,  ii.  344 

Barletta,  attack  on,  ii.  296 

Baru,  engagement  off,  i.  119 

Basque  Roads,  blockade  of  the  French 
ships  in,  ii.  264 ;  attacks  on,  by  Lord 
Cochrane,  266 ;  boats  of  Caledonia  and 
squadron  in,  342 

Basseterre,  action  off,  i.  325 

Bastia,  capture  of,  i.  381 

Batabano,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  176 

Batroun,  capture  of,  ii.  528 

Beachy  Head,  action  off,  i.  78 

Bdarnais,  capture  of,  ii.  303 

Beaulieu  and  Doris,  boats  of,  cut  out  the 
Chevrette,  ii.  50 

Beaver  captures  the  Oliver  Cromwell,  i.  244 

Begur,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  207 

Bel^ica,  Furt,  storming  of,  ii.  325 

Belier,  capture  of,  ii.  105 

Belleisle,  action  between  Hawke  and  Con- 
flans  near,  i.  205  ;  Bridport's  action  off, 
417 

Belleisle,  Martchal  de,  privateer,  engage- 


ment with  Dolphin  and  Solebay,  i.  193  ; 
captured,  207 

Belle  Poule  engages  the  Arethusa,  i.  263 

Belle  Poule,  capture  of,  ii.  162 

Belle  Poule  captures  the  Vur,  ii.  263 

Belle  Poule  and  Alceste,  boats  of,  at 
Parenza,  ii.  358 

Bellerophon,  boats  of,  destroy  a  battery 
at  Hango  Head,  ii.  288  ;  surrender  of 
Napoleon  to  the,  500 

Belliqueux,  capture  of,  i.  194 

Bellona  captures  the  Due  dt  Chartres, 
i.  166;  captures  the  Princess  Caroline, 
309 

Bellona  and  Brilliant  capture  the  Coura- 
geux,  i.  216 

Bellone,  action  with  the  Coventry,  i.  345 

Bellone  captures  the  Lord  Nelson,  In- 
diaman,  ii.  6s 

Bellone,  capture  of,  ii.  170 

Bellone,  privateer,  action  with  the  Mil- 
brook,  ii.  16 

Bellone  captures  the  Victor,  ii.  301 

Belvidera  chased  by  the  American  squa- 
dron, ii.  395 

Belvidera's,  and  other  boats,  destroy  the 
Mars,  ii.  453 

Belvidera  and  Nemesis,  boats  of,  capture 
two  Danish  gun-boats,  ii.  328 

Bergen,  attack  on  a  Dutch  convoy  in  the 
port  of,  i.  57  ;  the  Tartar  at,  ii.  232 

Bergere,  capture  of,  ii.  166 

Berlin,  capture  of,  i.  215 

Berwick,  the,  capture  of,  i.  409 

Berwick  and  Revenge  capture  the  Orpliee, 
i.  187 

Betsey,  capture  of,  i.  467 

Beyrout,  bombardment  of,  ii.  523  ;  de- 
struction of  a  powder-magazine  at,  535. 

Bideford  and  Fiamborough,  action  with 
the  Malicieuse  and  Opale,  i.  207 

Bien- acquis,  capture  of,  i.  186 

Bien  Aime,  capture  of,  i.  210 

Biendour,  attack  on  the  port  of,  ii.  400 

Bienfaisunt,  capture  of,  i.  194 

Bienfaisant  and  Charon  capture  the  Comtc 
d'Artois,  i.  308 

Bladensburg,  battle  of,  ii.  477 

Blacksnake,  capture  of,  i.  247 

Blackwall,  the,  captured,  i.  112 

Blanche,  capture  of,  i.  296 

Blanche,  boats  of,  cut  out  a  French 
schooner,  i.  406 ;  captures  the  Pique, 
407 ;  cutter  of,  captures  the  Albion, 
ii.  73  ;  launch  of,  captures  a  schooner, 
73  ;  cutter  of,  captures  a  schooner,  74  ; 
captured  by  a  French  squadron  and 
burnt,  107 

Blanche  captures  the  Guerriere,  ii.  171 

Blenheim,  boats  of,  attack  the  Curieuse, 
ii.  80;  beats  off  a  French  squadron, 
ii.  113 

Blonde,  capture  of,  i.  207 

Blonde  captures  the  Wolverine,  ii.  S2  ; 
captured,  89 


588 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


Blonde  and  Thetis  destroy  the  Seine  and 

Loire,  ii.  306 
Blossom  captures  a  xebeck,  off  Cape  Sicie, 

ii.  343 
Boadicea    engages    the   Duguay  Trouin, 

ii.  66 
Bonaparte,  capture  of,  i.  520 
Bonaparte,  action  with  the  Hippomenes, 

ii.  86 
Bon  Homme  Richard  and  squadron  cap- 
ture the  Serapis  and  Countess  of  Scar- 

boroueh,  i.  287 
Bonne  Citoyenne,  capture  of,  i.  426 
Bonne  Citoyenne  captures  the  Furieuse, 

ii.  289 
Bordelais  captures  the  Curieux,  ii.  21 
Boreas  and  Trent  capture  the  Vainqueur 

and  Makau,  i.  210 
Borgne,  Lake,  capture  of  American  flotilla 

on,  ii.  489 
Boston,  action  with  the  Embuscade,  i.  364 
Boston  and  Hancock  capture    the    Fox, 

i.  242 
Boulogne,  attack  on,  by  the  Cinque  Port 

mariners,  i.  9  ;    capture   of,    by   Henry 

VIII.,  24  ;  recaptured  by  the  French,  2*5 
Boulogne  flotilla,  Lord  Nelson's  attack  on, 

ii.  56;    other  attacks  on,  88,  112,   283, 

378,  379,  387,  390 
Bourbon,  capture  of,  ii.  322 
Boxer,  capture  of,  ii.  437 
Bravoure  destroyed,  ii.  59 
Breaking  of  the  line,  question  of  the,  i. 

54,  340  ;  engaging  in  line,  46 
Breda  and  Warspight  capture  the  Maure, 

i.  126 
Brest,  battles  near,  i.  21,   22;    captured 

from   the   Spaniards,  35 ;    unsuccessful 

attack  on,  89 
Bridgewater  destroys  a  Sallee  rover,  i.  130 
Bridgewater,  Sheerness,  and  Ursula,  cap- 
ture three  Dunkirk  privateers  and  their 

prizes,  i.  155 
Brill,  action  with  the  Crescent,  i.  315 
Brilliant  and  Bellona  capture  the  Coura- 

geux,  i.  216 
Brilliant  and  Pallas  capture  Blonde  and 

Terpsichore,  i.  207 
Briseis  captures  the  Sans  Souci,  ii.  343; 

boat  of,  recaptures  the  Urania,  394 
Bristol  captured  off  Scilly,  i.  121 
Br une,  capture  of,  i.  211* 
Buenos  Ayres,  expedition  against,  ii.  188 
Buffon,  capture  of,  i.  215 
Bugia  Bay,  Algerine  corsairs  destroyed  in, 

i.  67 
Bulldog,  capture  and  recapture  of,  ii.  39, 

40 

Cabot,  capture  of,  i.  242 

Cabrita  Point,  action  off,  i.  Ill 

Cadiz,  expedition  to,  i.  36;  action  near,  53; 
bombardment  of,  453,  454  ;  blockade  of 
ii.  118;  Spanish  convoy  attacked  at, 
225 


Cadsand,  battle  of,  i.  8 

Caiffa,  capture  of,  ii.  530 

Calabash  captured  by  the  Hampshire,  i.  75 

Calais,  capture  of,  i.  13;  attack  on,  90; 
again  attacked,  93  ;  bombardment  of,  ii. 
70 

Calcutta  captured  by  the  Rochefort  squad- 
ron, ii.  117 

Caledonia  and  squadron,  boats  of,  in 
Basque  Roads,  ii.  342 

Calliope  captures  the  Comtesse  d'Ham- 
bonrg,  ii.  343 

Calvados,  gun-brigs  destroyed  at,  ii.  378 

Calvi,  capture  of,  i.  3S2 

Calypso,  boats  of,  capture  the  Diligente, 
ii.  4 

Camarinas.  shipping  destroyed  at.  ii.  103 

Cambrian,  boats  of,  capture  the  Maria,  ii. 
105  ;  captures  the  Matilda,  106  ;  other 
captures  in  St.  Mary's  River,  106 

Camel  beats  off  two  large  American  ships, 
i.  244 

Camel  and  Rattlesnake  beat  off  the  Pre- 
neuse,  i.  518 

Canada  captures  the  Santa  Leocadia,  i. 
313 
I  Canadian  Lake  squadrons,  i.  231  ;  action 
on  Lake  Champlain,  233;  British  and 
American  squadrons  on  Lake  Ontario, 
ii.  434,  459  ;  squadrons  on  Lake  Erie, 
439  ;  operations  on  Lake  Ontario,  460  ; 
on  Lake  Huron,  466  ;  on  Lake  Cham- 
plain,  470 

Cancale  Bav,  French  shipping  destroyed 
in,i.  271  ' 

Cannon,  early  employmsnt  of,  at  sea,  i.  16 

Canonniere  captures  the  Laurel,  ii.  243 

Cape  Carteret,    French   convoy   captured 
under,  i.  412 
j  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  capture  of,  i.  425 

Cape  Henry,  action  off,  i,  310 

Cape  St.  Vincent,  action  between  Rodney 
and  Langara,  off,  i.  297  ;  Jervis's  action 
off,  i.  442 
:  Cape  Sepet,  action  off,  ii.  441 
;  Capricieuse,  capture  of,  i.  305 

Captain  captures  Grand  Turk,  i.  155 

Captain  and  squadron,  boats  of,  cut  out  the 
Reolaise,  ii.  17 

Carmagnole  captures  the  Thames,  i.  376 

Carnation,  capture  of,  ii.  250 

Caroline    engages    a    Dutch   squadron    at 
Batavia,  ii.  ISO 
',  Caro'ine,  capture  of,  ii.  2 '-8 
,  Carrere,  capture  of,  ii.  55 
i  Carri,  battery  destroyed,  and  Tartan  cap- 
tured at,  ii.  422 

Carronades,  introduction  of,  i.  431  ;  in 
general  use,  ii.  1 

Carthagena,  attack  on,  i.  140 

Carysfort  recaptures  the  Castor,  i.  403 

Castellan,  ketch  destroyed  at,  ii.  378 
!  Castiglione,  shipping  de>troyed  at,  ii.  313 
'  Castor,  capture  of,  i.  315  ;  recaptured,  3 16 
I  Castor,  capture  of,  i.  335  ;  recaptured,  403  ; 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


589 


boats  of,  capture  the  Fortune,  ii.  432  ; 

captures  the  Heureux,  447 
Cattaro,  capture  of,  ii.  440 
Caumartin,  capture  of,  i.  194 
Cavallo,  Porto,  attack  on,  i.  146 
Cayenne,  capture  of,  ii.  259 
Censeur,  capture  of,  i.  424 
Centurion   captures   the  Manilla  galleon, 

i.  148 
Centurion,  action  with  a  French  squadron, 

ii.  89 
Centurion  and  Defiance  beat  off  two  large 

French  ships,  i.  124 
Cephalus,  boats  of,  at  Civita  Vecchia,  ii. 

369 
Cerbere,  capture  of,  ii.  1 1 
Cerberus  captures  the  Grana,  i.  310;  en- 
gages a  Spanish  squadron,  521  ;  boars  of, 

cut  out  two  vessels  at  Martinique,  ii.  188 
Cerberus  and  Active,  boats  of,  at  Pestichi 

and  Ortona,  ii.  348 
Cires,  capture  of,  ii.  21  i 
Ceres,  action  with  the  Cyane,  ii.  287 
C£res,  capture  of,  ii.  446 
Ceres  and  Ariadne  capture  the  Alfred,  i. 

260 
Cesar,  cutting  out  of,  ii.  170 
C6sar,  capture  of,  ii.  210 
Cesenatico,  attack  on,  ii.  283 
Ceylon,  action  off,  i.  200 
Cevlon,  the,  captured,  ii.  339  ;  recaptured, 

340 
Champlain,   Lake,  action  on,  i.  233  ;  Bri- 
tish squadron  on,  destroyed,  ii.  4/1 
Chanticleer  and  Manly,  action  with  three 

Danish  gun-brigs,  ii.  378 
Charente  and  Joie  destroyed,  ii.  87 
Charlemagne,  capture  of,  ii.  445 
Charles  and  James    capture  a  large  Al- 

gerine  ship  of  war,  i.  75 
Charlestown,  attack  on,  i.  234 
Charon,  capture  of,  i.  ltil 
Chartres,  Due  de  (Indiaman),  capture  of, 

i.  166 
Chartres,  Due  de,  capture  of,  i.  196 
Chasseur  captures  the  St.  Lawrence,  ii. 

495 
Chatham,   the,  captures   the  Augnste,  i. 

104  ;  captures  the  Magicienne,  320 
Chausse  Island,  fort  on,  destroyed,  i.    176 
Cherbourg,    destruction    of    the    harbour 

and  magazines  at,  i.  191 
Che'ri,  capture  of,  i.  4fi7 
Cherokee  captures  the  Aimahle  Nelly,  ii. 

308 
Chesapeake,  action  with  the  Leopard,  ii. 

19S  ;  captured,  4 -'4 
Chevaux  de  frise,  in  the  Delaware,  i.  238 
Chevrette,  capture  of  the,  i.  213 
Chevrette,  cutting  out  of,  ii.  50 
Chichester    and    Sheerness    capture    the 

Bien-acqvis,  i.  186 
Chiffonne,  capture  of,  ii.  58 
Childers  fired  on  by  the  batteries  at  Brest, 

i.  359  ;  engages  the  Lougen,  ii.  222 


China  fleet  beats  off  a  French  squadron, 
ii.  78 

Cigne  destroyed,  ii.  256 

Cinque  Port  mariners  defeat  the  French 
fleet,  i.  5  ;  quarrel  with  the  Normans,  6  ; 
attack  Boulogne,  9  ;  defeat  the  Ge- 
noese,  19 

Circe  captures  the  Palinure,  ii.  25! 

Citoyenne  Frangaise,  action  with  the  Iris, 
i.  361 
I  Clara,  capture  of,  ii.  91 
!  Clara,  capture  of,  ii.  164 
I  Cleopatra,  capture  and  recapture  of,  ii.  98 

Cle'opdtre,  capture  of,  i.  362 

Clorinde,  surrender  of,  ii.  75 

Clorinde,  capture  of,  ii.  451 
j  Clyde  captures  the  Vestule,  i.  516 
,  Colchester  and  Lyme  engage  Aquilon  and 
Fidelle,  i.  1/6 

Colombo,  capture  of,  i.  437 

Colpoys,  boats  of,  capture  three  Spanish 
luggers,  ii.  162 

Comet  captures  the  Sylphe,  ii.  243 

Commode,  capture  of,  ii.  65 

Cornte  d'  Artois,  capture  of,  i.  308 

Comtcsse  d'  Hambourg,  capture  of,  ii. 
343 

Comus,  boats  of,  at  Puerta  de  Haz,  ii. 
196;  at  Grand  Canaria,  197 

Conception,  capture  of,  i.  154 

Concorde,  capture  of,  i.  355 

Concorde  captures  the  Hyaena,  i.  352 

Concorde  and  Nymj)he  capture  the  Argo, 
i.  355 

Confiance,  capture  of,  ii.  105 

Confiance,  boats  of,  at  Guardia,  ii.  208;  at 
Belem,  21S 

Confiance  and  squadron  capture  Cavennc, 
ii.  259 

Confiunte  destroyed  by  the  boats  of  the 
Hydra,  i.  4/1 

Congress  captures  the  Savage,  i.  323 

Conquest,  merchantman,  beats  off  a 
French  frigate,  i.  88 

Constance,  capture  of,  i.  450 

Constitution  chased  by  a  British  squa- 
dron, ii.  402 ;  captures  the  Guerriere, 
404;  comparative  force  of  the  comba- 
tants, 405  ;  captures  the  Java,  411  ; 
captures  the  Cyane  and  Levant,  493 

Content,  destruction  of  the,  i.  114 

Content  and  Trident,  capture  of,  i.  91 

Contest  and  Mohawk,  boats  of,  capture 
the  Asp,  ii.  432 

Copenhagen,  battle  of,  ii.  30;  expedition 
to,  203 

Coq,  capture  of,  i.  457 

Coquille,  capture  of,  i.  493 

Coifu,  trabacculos  destroyed  at,  ii.  419 

Corigeou,  capture  of  a  convoy  at,  ii.  500 

Corsica,  operations  in,  i.  372,  381 

Cortellazzo,  attack  on,  ii.  295 

Corunna,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  59 

Countess  of  Scarborough,  capture  of,  i. 
294 


590 


INDEX    OF    EYEXTS. 


Courageuse,  capture  of,  i.  5' 5 

Courageux,  capture  of,  i.  216 

Courageux  and  Valiant  recapture  the 
Minerva,  i.  309 

Courier,  capture  of,  i.  263 

Courier,  capture  of,  ii.  217 

Courier  recaptures  the  Crash,  i.  515  ;  cap- 
tures the  Gucrrier,  524 

Couronne  (or  Pluton),  action  with  the 
Leander,  i.  354 

Coventry  captures  the  Leverette,  i.  21"; 
action  with  the  Dellone,  346;  captured, 
354 

Coventry  and  Thames  engage  the  Pal- 
mier, i.  195 

Crash,  recapture  of,  i.  515 

Cre'ole,  capture  of,  ii.  65 

Creole  and  Astrea,  action  with  the  Etoile 
and  Sultane,  ii.  448 

Crescent,  action  with  the  Brill,  i.  315  ; 
captures  the  Reunion,  373 

Cruiser,  action  with  armed  cutters,  ii.  250 

Curasoa,  surrender  of,  ii.  15;  second  sur- 
render of,  186 

Curieuse,  fruitless  attack  on,  ii.  80 

Curieux,  capture  of,  ii.  21 

Curieux,  capture  of,  ii.  ~~ 

Curieux  captures  the  Dame  Emnuf,  ii. 
96;  action  with  the  Revanche,  212 

Cuizola,  island  of,  captured,  ii.  417 

Cyane,  capture  of,  ii.  118 

Cyane,  capture  of,  ii.  493 

Crane,  action  with  the  Ceres,  ii.  287;  cap- 
tures the  Iphigcnie,  ii.  447 

Cyprus  conquered  by  the  P^nglish,  i.  2 

Dfedalus  captures  the  Prudcnte,  i.  503 

Dame  Ambtrt  captures  the  Lily,  ii.  87 

Dame  Ernouf,  capture  of,  ii.  97 

Damme,  French  fleet  at,  burnt,  i.  5 

Danae,  capture  of,  i.  197 

Danae,  action  with  the  Tigre,  i.  218 

Danish  fleet,  surrender  of,  ii.  206 

Dar.ish  gun-boats,  actions  with,  ii.  234, 
251,  321,  398 

Daphne  recaptured,  i.  465 

Daphne  and  squadron,  boats  of,  destroy  a 
Danish  convoy  at  Floedstraml,  ii.  224 

Dardanelles,  passage  of  the,  ii.  191  ;  re- 
passing the  straits,  194 

Daring  destroyed,  ii.  417 

Dart,  armament  of,  ii.  9,  n. ;  captures  the 
De'sire'e,  10 

Dartmouth,  capture  of  the,  i.  92;  recap- 
tured, 102 

Dan  mouth  blown  up  in  action  with  Glo~ 
rioso,  i.  166 

Dartmouth,  brig,  recapture  of,  i.  457 

Dauntiess,  capture  of,  ii,  201 

Deal  Castle  beat  off  by  the  Tigre,  i.  219 

Decade,  capture  of,  i.  490 

Decatur  captures  the  Dominica,  ii.  431 

Decouverte  destroys  three  privateers,  ii. 
217;  captu'es  the  Dorade,  218 

Dcduigneuse,  capture  of,  ii.  !9 


Defiance  captures  the  Ambuscade,  i.  156 
Defiance  captures  the  Zeit.se,  i.  345 
Defiance  and  Centurion  beat  off  two  large 

French  ships,  i.  1  24 
Delaware,  operations  in  the,  i.  238,  250; 

French  fleet  in  the,  253 
Delaware,  capture  of,  i.  242 
Delight,  the,  destroyed,  ii.  217 
Departcment    des    Landes    captures   the 

Maria,  ii.  250 
Deptford  defeats  a  French  squadron,  i.  62 
Deseada,  action  off.  i.  80 
Desiree,  capture  of,  i.  467 
Desiree,  capture  of,  ii.  10 
D'Hautpolt,  capture  of,  ii.  281 
Diamond  Rock,   the,   off  Martinique,   ii. 

76  ;  its  capture,  95 
Diana  captures  the  Zephyr,  ii.  236 
Diane,  capture  of,  ii.  13 
Dictator  and  brigs  destroy  a  Danish  squa- 
dron at  Mardoe,  ii.  335 
Dido    and    Lowestoffe,    action   with   the 

Minerve  and  Artemi.se,  i.  413 
Didon,  capture  of,  ii.  113 
Dieppe,  bombardments  of,  i.  90;  ii.  70 
Diligente,  capture  of,  ii.  4 
Diligente,  capture  of,  ii.  16S 
Diligente,  action  with  the  Recruit,  ii.  248 
Diligente  captures  the  Laura,  ii.  406 
Dispatch  beats  off  a  French  privateer,  i. 

176 
Dogger   Bank,    Hyde  Parker's  action  off 

the,  i.  317 
D'Jouni  Bay,  landing  at,  ii.  526 
Dolores,  capture  of,  ii.  185 
Dolphin  and  Hussarsink  the  Alcyon,  i.  186 
Dolphin   and   Solebay.  engagement  with 

Rlare'chal  de  Belleisle,  i.  193 
Dominica,  attack  on  Hood   by  De  Grasse 

at,  i.  338  ;  defeat  of  the  French  fleet  by 

Rodney,  340 
Dominica,  the,  capture  of,  ii.  434 
Donegal  Bay.  action  in,  i.  491 
Dorade,  capture  of,  ii.  213 
Dorade,  capture  of,  ii.  393 
Doris  captures  the  Affrontenr,  ii.  64 
Doris  and  13eaulieu,  boats  of,  cut  out  the 

Chevrette,  ii.  50 
Dorot*a,  capture  of,  i    473 
Dorsetshire  and  Achilles  capture  the  Rai- 

sonnable,  i.  192 
Dover,  Straits  of,  French  fi^et  in  the,  i.  5 ; 

battle  with  tne  Dutch,  42 
Dover,  the,  captures  Renomme'e,  i.  1 61 
Dragon  beats  olf  a  French  70-gun  ship,  i. 

102 
Drake,  capture  of  the,  i.  26l 
Dreadnought,  boats  of,  at  Ushant,  ii.  337 
Droits  de  V Homme,  action  with  the  Inde- 
fatigable and  Amazon,  i.  439 
Dryad  captures  the  Proserpine,  i.  430 
Due  de  Char  tree,  capture  of.  i.  165 
Due  de  Chartres,  capture  of,  i.  196 
Due  de  Chartres  captures  the  Aigle,  i.  316 
Du-Guai-Trouin,  capture  of,  i.  2§8 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


591 


Du  Guai  Trouin,  capture  of,  i.  383 

Duguay  Trouin,  action  with  the  Boadicea, 
ii.  66 

Duin,  capture  of  Italian  gun-boats  at,  ii. 
292 

Dumourier,  General,  capture  of,  i.  36l 

Dunkirk,  attack  on,  i.  90  ;  again  attacked, 
93 

Dunkirk  and  squadron  destroy  a  fort  on 
Chausse  Island,  i.  i/6 

Dunkirk  and  Torbay  capture  Alcide  and 
Lys,  i.  1/0 

Ditquesne,  capture  of,  ii.  66 

Dutch,  wars  with  the,  under  the  Common- 
wealth, i.  38;  under  Charles  II.  53,  66  ; 
various  great  battles,  54,  57,  6l,  66,  JO ; 
action  off  the  Dogger  Bank,  317;  Dun- 
can's victory,  460 

Dutch  squadron,  surrender  of,  at  the 
Texel,  i.  5l6;  takes  part  in  the  bom- 
bardment of  Algiers,  ii.  504,  513 

Eagle  and  Medway  capture  the   Due  d' 

Aquituine,  i.  183 
Echo,  boats  of,  capture  the  Bonaparte,  i. 

520 
Echo,  capture  of,  ii.  313 
Eclair,  capture  of,  ii.  19 
Eclair  engages  the  Grand  De'cide',  ii.  TJ 
Egypt,  destruction  of  the   French  fleet  at 

the  Nile  by  Nelson,  i.  4/6;  landing  at 

Aboukir,  ii.  22 ;  expedition  to  Alexandria, 

195 
Egyptienne,  capture  of,  ii.  82 
Egyptienne,  boats  of,  capture  the  Alcide, 

ii.  161 
Egyptienne  and  Loire  capture  the  Libre, 

n.  153 
El  Carmen,  capture  of,  ii.  46 
Elizabeth  beats  off  two  Danish  ships,  i.  65 
Elizabeth,  capture  of,  i.  Ill 
Elizabeth,  capture  of,  5.  433 
Elizabeth,  engagement  with  the  Lion,  i. 

154 
Elizabeth,  boats  of,  capture  the  Aigle,  ii. 

459 
Embuscade,  action  with  the  Boston,  i.  364 
Emerald,  tender  of,  captures  the  Mosum- 

bique,  ii.  81  ;  boats  of,  at  Vivero,  221 
Emeraude,  capture  of,  i.  184 
Endymion,   boats   of,  beaten   off  by  the 

Nevfchatel,  ii.  487 ;  captures  the  Presi- 
dent, 491 
Endymion  and   Magicienne,  action  with 

the  Sibylle  and  Railleur,  i.  352 
English  Harbour,  St.  Domingo,  action  off, 

i.  349 
Enterprise  captures  the  Boxer,  ii.  437 
Entreprcnant,  capture  of,  i.  214 
Entreprenant  beats  off  four  large  French 

privateers,  ii.  345 
Eole,  capture  of,  ii.  398 
Epervier,  capture  of,  i.  464 
Epervier,  capture  of,  ii.  457 
Epicharis,  capture  of,  i.  457 


Erie,  Fort,  vessels  captured  at,  ii.  464 
Erie,  Lake,  capture  of  British  squadron 

on,  ii.  441 
Escarte,  capture  of,  i.  181 
Esmera'da,  capture  of,  ii.  14 
Espe'rance,  capture  of,  i.  170 
Esperance,  capture  of,  i.  308 
Esperance  captures  the  Swift,  ii.  84 
Ksperanza  capture  of,  ii.  60 
Esperanza,  capture  of,  ii.  103 
Espion,  capture  of,  i.  325 
Espion,  action  with  the  Liguria,  i.  4S6 ; 

captures  the  Africa,  503 
Essex  captures  the  Alert,  ii.  401 ;    cap- 
tured, 451 
Essex  and   Pluto,   capture  of  part  of  a 

French  convoy  by,  i.  190 
Etoile,  capture  of,  i.  426 
EtoUe  and  Sultane  chase  the  Severn,  ii. 

443  ;  engage  the  Creole  and  Astrea,  448  ; 

captured,  456 
Eurotas  captures  the  Clorinde,  ii.  451 
Euryalus  and  Cruiser,   boats  of,  capture 

and   destroy    three    Danish  vessels,  ii. 

235 
Eveille,  capture  of,  i.  424 
Eveille,  capture  of,  ii.  55 
Exeter,  Indiaman,  captures  the  Medee,  ii. 

12 
Expedition,  action  with  the  Rambler,  i. 

295 
Experiment,  capture  of,  i.  2S5 

Fairy  and  Harpy  capture  the  Pallas,  ii.  2 

Falcon,  capture  of,  i.  127 

Falcon,  shipping  destroyed  by,  at  Endelau 
and  Lindholm,  ii.  229 

Falmouth  (U.  S.),  expedition  against,  i. 
227 

Falmouth,  the,  capture  of,  i.  Ill 

Falmouth  beats  off  a  French  squadron,  i. 
122 

Fama,  capture  of,  ii.  91 

Fuune,  capture  of,  ii.  116 

Faust  and  Wraak  beaten  off  by  the  Prin- 
cess Augusta,  ii.  JO 

Faversham  and  Rupert  cut  out  many  Spa- 
nish vessels,  i.  147 

Favourite  captures  a  Spanish  privateer,  i. 
216 

Favourite  and  Active  capture  the  treasure- 
ship  Hermione,  i.  221 

Felicite,  capture  of,  i.  212 

Ferret  captures  a  Spanish  vessel,  i.  219 

Ferret,  action  with  a  Spanish  schooner, 
i.  525 

Ferrol,  action  between  Strachan  and  Du- 
manoir,  off,  ii.  149 

Finisterre,  Cape,  actions  off,  i.  159,  163  ; 
Calder's  action  with  Villeneuve,  ii.  108 

Fire-ships  employed  against  the  Spanish 
Armada,  i.  32  ;  extraordinary  ones  at 
St.  Malo,  83 ;  at  Dunkirk,  90 ;  fate  of 
the  Anne,  15! 

Fisgard  captures  the  Immortalite,  i.  495  ; 


592 


INDEX   OF   EVENTS. 


boats  of,  capture  and  destroy  the  Th4- 
rese,  ii.  8 
Flag:,  salute  to  the,  claim  of  the,  i.  38  ; 

allowed  by  the  Dutch,  73 
Flamborough  and  Bideford,  engagement 
with  the  Malicieuse  and  Opale,  i.  207 

Fliche  destroyed,  ii.  60 

Flibustier  destroyed,  ii.  442 

Floodstrand,  shipping  captured  at,  ii.  224 

Flora  recaptures  the  Fox,  i.  243 ;  sunk  at 
Newport,  256 

Flora  captures  the  Xymphe,  i.  307;  cap- 
tures the  Castor,  315  ;  loses  her  prize, 
316 

Flore,  capture  of,  i.  490 

Florentine,  capture  of,  ii.  46 

Florentine,  Conite  de,  capture  of,  i.  197 

Foresight  and  Sheerness  beat  off  two 
line-of-battle  ships,  i.  94 

Fort  Howyer,  attack  on,  ii.  486 

Fort  Marrack,  storming  of,  ii.  370 

Forte,  capture  of,  i.  504 

Fortune  captures  Charon,  i.  l6l 

Fortune,  capture  of,  i.  514 

Fortune,  capture  of,  ii.  432 

Fortunce,  capture  of,  i.  296 

Fosse  de  l'Oye,  attack  on  vessels  in  the 
harbour  of,  ii.  320 

Foudroyant,  capture  of,  i.  187 

Foudroyant  capture-?  the  Pcgase,  i.  344 

Foagneux  sunk  by  the  Weymouth,  i.  94 

Fowey,  action  in  the  Mediterranean,  i. 
113;  captured  by  two  French  priva- 
teers, 122 

Fowey  destroys  the  Griffin,  i.  155 

Fowey  captures  the  Ventura,  i.  222 

Fox,  capture  of.  i.  212;  recaptured,  213; 
capture  of,  268 

France,  coasts  of,  ravaged  by  the  English 
fleets,  i.  9,  18,  21.  22,  23,  87,  90,  92,  95 

Franchise,  capture  of,  ii.  64 

Franchise,  boats  of,  capture  the  Raposa, 
ii.  154 

Francis  destroys  the  Trompeuse,  a  pirate, 

Francois.  Cape,  engagement  off,  i.  177 

Fredericksham,  capture  of  Russian  gun- 
boats at,  ii.  292 

Freija,  boats  of,  at  Baie  Mahaut,  ii.  309 

Frelon  de  Dunkerquc,  capture  of,  i.  270 

French  80  and  Uritish  98-gun  ships,  force 
of,  i.  485 

French  fleets  ravage  the  English  coasts,  i. 
7,  8,  9,  16.  18,  23,  24,  25 

French  gun-boats,  destroved  by  the  Leda, 
ii.  70 

French  squadron  takes  part  in  the  battle 
of  Navarin,  ii.  5 16 

Freya,  capture  of,  ii.  11 

Friponne  and  La  Gloire  recapture  the 
Castor,  i.  316 

Frolic,  capture  of,  ii.  406  ;  recaptured,  403 

Frolic,  capture  of,  ii.  i."7 

Fir:  t,  capture  of,  i.  625 

Furet,  capture  of,  ii.  173 

Furie,  capture  of,  i.  197 


Furieuse  captures  sixteen  vessels  at  Mari- 
nello,  ii.  442 

Gaiete,  capture  of,  i.  456 
Galatea,  boats  of,  cut  out  three  schooners 
from  Barcelona,  ii.  179  ;  boats  of,  cap- 
ture the  Lynx,  190 
Galatea  and    Sjlphe   destroy  the  Andro- 

maque,  i.  432 
Galathce,  capture  of,  i.  190 
Galleons,  Spanish,  capture  of,  i.  100,  128 
Galliard,  capture  of,  i.  125 
Gamo,  capture  of,  ii.  39 
Garland  and  boats  capture  the  Eclair,  ii.  }Oj 
Garotta,  attack  on,  ii.  226 
Gaspe,  the,  burnt,  i.  226 
Gebail,  attack  on,  ii.  526 
Gela  Nova,  boats  of  the  Bacchante  at,  ii.  432 
General  Armstrong,  privateer,  destruction 

of,  ii.  487 
General  Ernovf,  blown  up,  ii.  100 
General  Monk,  capture  of,  i.  336 
Genereux  captures  the   Leander,   i.  487 ; 

captured,  ii.  1 
Genoa,  Hotham's  action  off,  i.  409  ;  cut- 

ting  out  of  the  Prima  at,  ii.  7 
Genoese  ships,  capture  and  destruction  of 

three,  i.  134 
Gentille,  capture  of,  i.  412 
George,  capture  of,  i.  467 
Gibraltar,  capture  of,  i.  105 
Gier  and  Draak,  capture  of,  i.  517 
Giganta,  capture  of,  ii.  105 
Gipsy  captures    the    Quidproquo,   ii.    15  ; 

beats  off  five  privateers.  Q~> 
Giraffe,  destroyed,  ii.  358 
Gironde,  shipping  captured  in  the,  ii.  456 
Glasgow,  engagement  with  an  AmerL-an 

squadron,  i.  229 
Glatton  beats  off  a  French   squadron  of 
seven  vessels,  i.  431  ;  boats  of,  cut  out 
a  Turkish  ship  at  Sigri,  ii.  196 
Gloire,  capture  of,  i.  412 
Gloire,  capture  of,  ii.  178 
Gloire,    action    with    the     Albacore    and 

Pickle,  ii.  415 
Glorieux  and  Bristol,  capture  of,  i.  121 
Glorioso,  capture  of,  i.  1(56 
Gloucester,  the,  capture  of,  i.  123 
Gluckstadt,  capture  of,  ii.  446 
Golden  Horse  captured  by  the  Adventure. 

i.  76 
Goldfinch,  action  with  the  Mouche,  ii.  248 
Gomera,  attack  on.  i.  148 
Goodwin,  action  with  the  Dutch  fleet  near 

the,  i.  5S 
Goree,  capture  and  recapture  of,  ii.  92 
Goree,  action  with  two  French  corvettes, 

ii.  228 
Grace's   boats  cut  out   a  privateer  from 

Dunkirk,  i.  21 7 
Gracieuse    captures    a    French    national 

schooner,  ii.  102 
Grafton  and  Hampton  Court  captured  by 

a  French  squadron,  i.  116 
Gramont,  Cuiutexse  de,  capture  of,  i.  180 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


593 


Geana,  capture  of,  i.  310 

Grand  Alexandre,  capture  and  recapture 
of,  i.  176 

Grand  Decide,  engagement  with  the 
Eclair,  ii.  77 

Grand  Port,  unsuccessful  attack  on  the 
French  shipping  in,  ii.  333 

Grand  Turk,  capture  of,  i.  155 

Granville,  bombardment  of,  i.  93  ;  French 
convoy  destroyed  near,  103;  bombard- 
ment of,  ii.  70 

Grao,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  321 

Grasshopper  captures  the  San  Josef,  ii.  213 

Grasshopper  and  Rapid  capture  two 
Spanish  vessels  and  two  gun-boats,  ii.  227 

Graul,  shipping  destroyed  at  the,  ii.  392 

Great  Harry,  the  first  ship  of  the  Royal 
Navy,  i.  21 

Greek  fire  employed  in  naval  warfare,  i.  2 

Greenwich,  the,  capture  of,  i.  177 

Grenada,  capture  of  three  privateers  at, 
i.  208  ;  capture  of,  2~2 ;  action  off,  be- 
tween Byron  and  D'Estaign,  273 

Greyhound  and  Harrier  capture  a  Dutch 
squadron,  ii.  172 

Griesse,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii,  215 

Grijfin,  destruction  of,  i.  155 

Griffon,  capture  of,  ii.  231 

Groix,  Cornwallis's  action  off,  i.  415 

Growler,  capture  of,  i.  466 

Growler,  capture  of,  ii.  436 

Guadaloupe,  capture  and  recapture  of, 
i.  406  ;  capture  of,  ii.  310 

Guadaloupe  beats  off  the  Tactique  and 
Guepc,  ii.  368 

Guardia,  privateer  captured  at,  ii.  208 

Guelderland,  capture  of,  ii.  233 

Gugpe,  capture  of,  ii.  14 

Guernsey  ravaged  by  the  French,  i.  8,  25  ; 
action  off,  382;  escape  of  the  Crescent 
from  a  French  squadron  near,  403 

Guernsey  engages  the  White  Horse,  i.  /5 

Guernsey  destroys  a  Spanish  privateer, 
i.  147 

Guerrier,  capture  of,  1.  524 

Guerriere,  capture  of,  ii.  172 

Guerriere,  capture  of,  ii.  403 

Guerriere,  capture  of,  ii.  442 

Guest,  capture  of,  i.  247 

Guillaumc  Tell,  capture  of,  ii.  3 

Gun-boats,  actions  with.  See  Danish, 
French,  Russian,  Spanish 

Halcyon  captures  the  Xeptuno,  ii.  185 
Hamden,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  469 
Hampshire,  the,   engages    four    Algerine 
ships  of  war,   i.   75;    destroyed    by  a 
French  squadron,  96 
Hampshire,  the,  chased  by  a  French  squa- 
dron, i.  123 
Hampton  Court  captures  the  Lys,  i.  156 
Hampton  Court  and   Grafton,  capture  of, 

i.  116 
Hampton   Court  and  Stirling   Castle  en- 
gage Toulouse  and  Trident,  i.  128 


Hancock  and  Boston    capture    the  Fox, 

i.  242  ;  Hancock  captured,  243 
Han  go  Head,  battery  destroyed  and  ves- 
sels captured  at,  ii.  288;  Russian  gun- 
boats destroyed  at,  290 
Hannibal,  capture  of,  i.  327 
Hannibal   captures  the   Gentille,   i.  412  ; 

captured,  ii.  44 
Hannibal  captures  the  Sultane,  ii.  456 
Hanover,  Duke  of,  capture  of,  i.  194 
Hanse  Towns  ships,  capture  of,  i.  33 
Happy  captures  the  Infernal,  i.  182 
Happy  Return  and  St.  Albans  capture  a 

French  convoy,  i.  80 
Hardi,  capture  of,  i.  451 
Harmonie,  capture  of,  ii.  74 
Hastings  and  Edinburgh,  boats  of,  destroy 

a  powder-magazine  at  Beyrout,  ii.  535 
Havannah,  action  near  the,  i.  167  ;  capture 

of,  222 
Havannah,   boats  of,   capture    a    French 

gun-boat,  ii.  416 
Hawk,  capture  of,  ii.  310 
Hawk  drives  a  French  convoy  on  shore, 

ii.  375 
Hazard    captures    the    Musette   and    the 
Hardi,  i.  451  ;  captures  the  Kept  tine,  486 
Hazard  and  Pelorus,  boats  of,  capture  a 

privateer,  ii.  299 
Hebe,  capture  of,  i.  347 
H6be,  capture  of,  i.  413 
Hebe,  capture  of,  ii.  260 
Hebrus  captures  the  Etoile,  ii.  455 
Hector  beats  off  the  Aigle  and  Gluire,  i.  347 
Hector,  capture  of,  i.  161 
Helena,  action  with    Spanish  gun-boats, 

i.  319 
Heligoland,  capture  of,  ii.  209 
Hennebon,  relief  of,  i.  13 
Herald,  boats  of,  capture  the  Cesar,  ii.  21 0 
Hercule,  capture  of,  i.  469 
Hercules,  lugger,  capture  of,  i.  324 
Hermes   and    squadron,    attack   on 

Bowyer,  ii.  486 
Hermione,  capture  of,  i.  185 
Hermione,  treasure-ship,  capture  of, 
Hermione,  engagement  with  the  Iris,  i.  303 
Hermione  driven  on  shore  and  destroyed, 

i.  452 
Hermione,  boats  of,  capture  and  destroy 

three  privateers  and  their  prizes,  i.  451 
Hermione,  recapture  of,  i.  522 
Heron,  capture  of,  ii.  376 
Heureux,  boats  of,  attack  on  the  harbour 

of  Mahaut,  ii.  255 
Heureux,  capture  of,  i.  187 
Heureux,  capture  of,  ii.  447 
Hind,  cutter,  at  Navarin,  ii.  519 
Hind  sinks  a  Sallee  rover,  i.  130 
Hippomenes  captures  the  Egyptienne,  ii. 

82  ;  action  with  the  Bonaparte,  86 
Hirondelle,  capture  of,  i.  513 
Hirondelle,  capture  of,  ii.  82 
Hispaniola,  actions  off,  i.  112,  140 
Hoche  and  Embuscade,  capture  of,  i.  492 


Fort 


221 


VOL.  II. 


2q 


594 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


Hogue  and  squadron,  boats  of,   destroy 
vessels   and   stores  in   the  Connecticut 
river,  ii.  456 
Hope,  capture  of,  by  five  French  men-of- 
war,  i.  92 
Horatio  captures  the   Necessite,  ii.    313; 
boats  of,  capture  three  Danish  vessels 
on  the  coast  of  Norway,  399 
Hornet,  engages  and  sinks  the  Peacock, 
ii.  421;    captures    the    Penguin,    497; 
escapes  from  a  British  squadron,  499 
Hudson,  expedition  up  the,  i.  278 
Huron,  Lake,  operations  on,  ii.  466 
Hussar  captures   the   Vengeance  and  the 
Heureux,  i.  186 ;  burns  one  privateer  and 
sinks  another,  221  ;  captures  the  Sibylle, 
353;  captures  the  Raison,  413 
Hussar  and  Dolphin  sink  the  Ale?/ on,  i.  186 
Hvacinth    and     squadron,    boats    of,    at 

Malaga,  ii.  389 
Hyaena,  capture  of,  i.  362  ;  recaptured,  464 
Hyder  Ally  captures  the  General  Monk, 

i.  336 

Hydra,  boats  of,  destroy  the  Confiante,  i. 

471 ;  destroy  the  Favori,  ii.  68  ;  captures 

the  Furet,  \~3  ;  boats  of,  at  Begur,  207 

Hyeres  Bay,  French  ship  blown  upin.i.  126 

Hye>es  Islands,  Hotham's  action  off,  i.  420 

Immortality,  capture  of,  i.  495 
Immortalite  captures  the  Invention,  ii.  53 
Impr enable,  capture  of,  ii.  6 
Imperieuse  destroyed,  ii.  1/7 
Imperieuse,  boats  of,  at  Salerno,  ii.  380 
Imperieuse  and  Thames,  attack  on  Pali- 

nuro  by,  ii.  381 
Impetueux  destroyed,  ii.  1 77 
Inabordable,  capture  of.  ii.  65 
Indefatigable  captures  theVirginie,  i.  427 : 

recaptures    the  Hyaena,  404 ;    captures 

the  Vaillitnte,  486" 
Indefatigable   and   Amazon,    action   with 

the  Droits  de  V Homme,  i.  438 
Indiamayo  River,  gun-boats  captured  at,  1 

ii.  328 
Industry,  capture  of,  i.  267 
Infatiguble,  capture  of,  ii.  178 
Infernal,  capture  of,  i.  182 
Infernale  captures  the  Adventure,  i.  1 76 
Invention,  capture  of,  ii.  53 
Invincible,  capture  of,  i.  89 
Invincible,  capture  of,  i.  182 
Invincible  recaptures  the  Argo,  i.  355 
Iphigenia  attacks  the  French  shipping  in 

Grand  Port,  ii.  333 ;  is  obliged  to  sur- 
render, 336 ;  recaptured. 345 
Iphigtme,  capture  of,  ii.  447 
Iphigrnie  and  Trincomale,  action  between, 

and  destruction  of  both,  i.  520 
Iris  er  gages  the  Hermione,  i.  303;  cap- 

turesthe  Turnbull,   320;    action   with 

the  Citoijenne  Francaise,  36 1 
Iris,  capture  of,  ii.  260 
Irresistible  and  Emerald  sink  the  Santa 

Elena,  and  capture  the  Xin/a,  i.  452 


Ischia  and  Procida.  capture  of,  ii.  286 

Isis  captures  the  Rhinoceros,  i.  194  ;  cap- 
tures the  Oreflame,  214;  engages  the 
Cesar, 258 ;  engages  the  Rotterdam,  309; 

Isle  de  la  Passe,  capture  of,  ii.  329  ; 
enemy  decoyed  into  Grand  Port,  331 

Isle  of  France,  'action  off,  i.  405  ;  capture 
of,  ii.  344  ;  British  ships  recaptured,  345 

Jack  captured  by  two  French  frigates,  i.  31 6 
Jacotel,  boats  of  Nerelde  at,  ii.  315 
Jamaica,  conquest  of,  i.  50 
Jason  (Dutch  frigate)  carried  by  her  crew 

into  a  British  port,  i.  430 
Jason  recaptures  the  Favourite,  ii.  191 
Java,  capture  of,  ii.  371 
Java,  the  capture  of,  ii.  411 
Jena,  capture  of,  ii.  252 
Jersey  attacked  by  the  French,  i.  25 
Jersey,  the,  engages  St.  Esprit,  i.  155 
Jeune  Louise,  capture  of,  ii.343 
Jeune  Richard,  capture  of,  ii.  209 
Julia,  capture  of,  ii.  435 
Juno,  her  escape  from  Toulon,  i.  37S 
Juno  and  Venus  capture  the  Brune,  i.  211 
Junon,  capture  of,  ii.  262 
Junon  captures  the  Fox,  ii.  263 
Junon  captured  and  destroyed,  ii.  303 
Jupiter  engages  the  Triton,  i.  269 
Jupiter,  action  with  the  Preneu.se,  i.  519 
Justine,  capture  of,  i.  437 

Kangaroo  captures  the  Loire,  i.  495 

Kent  captures  Super  be,  i.  125 

Kent,  Lenox,  and  Orford,  capture  of  the 
Princeza  by,  i.  139 

Kent  and  squadron,  boats  of,  at  Palamos, 
ii.  347 

Kent  and  Wizard,  boats  of,  at  Noli,  ii.  242 

Kingfisher  beats  off  seven  Algerine  cor- 
sairs, i.  76 

Kingfisher  captures  the  Betsey,  i.  467 

Kingfisher,  boats  of,  destroy  five  trabac- 
culos  at  Corfu,  ii.  419 

King  George  captures  the  Tigre,  i.  219 

Kite  engages  a  French  frigate  and  a  pri- 
vateer, i.  270 

Lady  Nelson  (packet),  capture  and  recap- 
ture of,  i.  524 
La  Gloire,  capture  of,  i.  220 
La   Gloire  and    Friponne    recapture   the 

Castor,  i.  316 
La^os,  action  off,  i.  86 
La  Guira,  attack  on,  i.  145 
La  Hogue,  battle  of,  i.  81  ;  shipping  in 

the  harbour  burnt,  86 
Landrail,  capture  of,  ii.  463 
Languelia,  shipping  captured  or  destroved 

at,  ii.  391 
Laona  Bay,  shipping  destroyed  in,  i.  427 
Lapwing  engages   the  Decius  and   Vail- 

/ante,  i.  434 
Lark  captures  the  Imprenable.  ii.  6  ;  boats 

of,  capture  the  Esperanza,  60  ;  boats  of, 

at  Lishata  Bay,  191 


IXDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


595 


Lark,  Greyhound,  and  Bonadventure, 
boats  of,  attack  and  burn  two  Sallee 
rovers,  i.  ~7 

La  Selva,  boats  of  the  Success  at,  i.  514 

Laura,  capture  of,  ii.  406 

Laurel  captured,  ii.  248  ;  recaptured,  314 

La  Vandour,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  86 

Leander  engages  a  French  line-of-battle 
ship,  i.  354  ;  capture  of,  487  ;  recap- 
tured, 489  ;  captures  the  Ville  de  Milan 
and  recaptures  the  Cleopatra,  ii.  190 

Le"da,  capture  of,  ii.  279 

Leda  destroys  twenty-three  French  gun- 
boats, ii.  70 

Le~gire,  capture  of,  i.  430 

Legere,  action  with  the  Pilot,  ii.  500 

Leghorn,  battle  off,  i.  44 

Leopard,  action  with  the  Chesapeake,  ii. 
198 

Levant  captures  the  Vigilant,  i.  248 

Levant,  capture  of,  ii.  493 

Leverette,  capture  of,  i.  217 

Leviathan,  boats  of,  capture  a  French  pri- 
vateer at  Agaye,  ii.  389 

Levita  Bay,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  25 

Lexington,  capture  of,  i.  247 

Libre,  capture  of,  ii.  153 

Licorne,  capture  of,  i.  263 

Licorne  captures  the  Audaciense,  i.  271 

Liguria,  action  with  the  Espoir,  i.  486 

Ligurienne,  capture  of,  ii.  3 

Lily,  capture  of,  ii.  87  ;  unsuccessful 
attempt  to  cut  her  out,  88 ;  blown  up,  100 

Line,  engaging  in,  i.  46  ;  breaking  the, 
54,  340 

Linnet  captures  the  Courier,  ii.  217 

Lion  engages  the  Elizabeth,  i.  154 

Lion,  capture  of,  i.  269 

Lion,  destroyed,  ii.  299 

Lion,  capture  of,  ii.  444 

Lion  captures  the  Dorotea,  i.  473 

Lissa,  action  off,  ii.  349 

Little  Belt,  action  with  the  President,  ii. 
364 

Lively  captures  the  Tourterelle,  i.  408 

Lizard,  engagements  off  the,  i.  118,  120 

Lizard  captures  the  Duke  of  Hanover,  i.  ]Ql 

Loire,  action  with  the  Mermaid,  i.  494  ; 
captured,  495 

Loire,  boats  of,  capture  the  Venteux,  ii. 
494  ;  captures  the  Blonde,  89  ;  boats  of, 
at  Camarinas,  103  ;  at  Muros,  104 ;  cap- 
tures the  Hebe,  2fi0 

London,  the,  burnt  at  the  Nore,  i.  54 

London  and  Amazon  capture  the  Marengo 
and  Belle  Poule,  ii.  16*2 

Long  Island  Sound,  expedition  to,  i.  279 

Looe  captures  a  Spanish  privateer,  i.  134 

Lord  Nelson  (Indiaman),  captured  and 
recaptured,  ii.  68 

Lorenzo,  castle  of,  destruction  of  the,  i.  139 

Los  Anglese,  capture  of,  ii.  4 

Loss  and  gain,  British  and  foreign,  in  the 
wars  under  Anne,  i.  129  ;  under  George 
II.  169  ;  in  the  seven  years'  war,  224  ; 


in  the  American  war,  357 ;  in  the  war 
of  1793,  ii.  62  ;  in  the  war  of  1803,  502 
Lottery,  capture  of,  ii.  419 
Louisbourg,  siege  of,  i.  193 
Loup  Garou,  capture  of,  ii.  343 
Lowestoffe,  the,  captures  a  privateer,  i.  192 
Lougen  engages  the  Childers,  ii.  222  ;  cap- 
tures the  Seagull,  235 
Ludlow  Castie  captures  a  Dunkirk  priva- 
teer, i.  118 
Lyme,  engagement  with  a  privateer,  i.  104 
Lyme  and  Colchester  engage  Aquiion  and 

Fiddle,  i.  176 
Lynn  Haven  Bay,  action  in,  i.  321 
Lynx,  capture  of,  ii.  189 
Lys  (privateer),  capture  of,  i.  156  ;  (man- 
of-war),  capture  of,  170 

Macedonian,  capture  of,  ii.  403 
Machault,  capture  of,  i.  186 
Machias,  attack  on,  i.  244 
Madagascar,  action  off,  ii.  360 
j  Madeira,  capture  of,  ii.  216 
!  Madras  roads,  action  in,  i.  326 
Madura,  reduction  of,  ii.  373 
Magicienne,  capture  of,  i.  320 
Magicienne,  boats  of,  cut  out,  the  Schrik, 

ii.  81  ;  attacks  the  French  shipping  in 

Grand  Port,  333  ;    gets  aground  and  is 

burnt,  335 
Magicienne  and  Regulus,  boats  of,  destroy 

thirteen    privateers    and    their   prizes, 

i.  451 
Magnanime  driven  on  shore  in  the  West 

Indies,  i.  155  ;  captureil,  167 
Magnanime  captures  the  Hoche,  i.  492 
Magnanime  and  Naiad  capture  the  Decade, 

i.  490 
Magnificent  captures  the  Concorde,  i.  355 
Mahaut,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  309 
Mahonesa,  capture  of,  i.  434 
Maidstone  captures  the  Lion,  i.  269 
Maidstone  captures  the  Martinet,  ii.  389 
Majestic  captures  the  Terpsichore,  ii.  449 
Majorca,  capture  of,  i.  113 
Makau  and  Vainquetir,  capture  of,  i.  210 
Malacca,  straits  of,  action  in  the,  i.  433 
Malaga,  action  off,  i.    108;  shipping  de- 
stroyed at,  ii.  390 
Malicieuse   and^  Opale,    action    with   the 

Flamborough  and  Bideford,  i.  207 
Malta,  surrender  of,  ii.  14 
Mamelouck,  capture  of,  ii.  345 
Mangalore,  shipping  destroyed  at,  i.  303 
Manilla,  capture  of,  i.  222 
Manilla  galleon,  capture  of  the,  i.  148 
Manly,  capture  and  recapture  of,  ii.  2C0  ; 

capture  of,  378 
Maraudeur,  capture  of,  ii.  346 
Mardoe,  Danish  squadron  destro3red  at,  ii. 

395 
Marengo,  capture  of,  ii.  162 
Maria,  capture  of,  ii.  105 
Maria,  capture  of,  ii.  219 
Maria  Riggersbergen,  capture  of,  ii.  ISO 


2  q2 


59G 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


Maria  Victoria,  capture  of,  i.  180 
Mariel,  capture  of  the  fort  at.  ii.  101 
Marinello,  shipping  captured  at,  ii.  442 
Marlborough  (packet)  engages  the  Prim- 
rose, ii.  453 
Marquis  de  Maurigny,  capture  of,  i.  221 
Mars   (privateer),  capture  and  recapture 

of,  i.  156 
Mars,  capture  of,  i.  158 
Mars  (lugger),  capture  of,  i.  324 
Mars  captures  the  Hercule,  i.  469;  cap- 
tures the  Rhin,  ii.  173 
Mars,  capture  of,  ii.  453 
Martin  beats  off  ten  American  gun-boats, 

ii.  433 
Martinet,  capture  of,  ii.  339 
Martinique,   capture  of,   i.  406  ;    ii.  263  ; 
capture  of  French   convoy  off,  i.  155  ; 
Rodney  and  De   Guichen's   action  off, 
301 ;  Hood  and  De  Grasse,  off,  313 
Matilda,  capture  of,  ii.  106 
ilaitre,  capture  of.  i.  126 
Mary  Rose,  less  of  the,  i.  24 
Mary  Rose  beats  off  seven  Algerine  cor- 
sairs, i.  65 
Medea,  action  with  the  Pelican,  i.  433 
Medea,  capture  of,  ii.  91 
Medee,  capture  of,  ii.  12 
Mediator    captures    the    Alexander    and 

Menager,  i.  350 
Medusa,  boats  of,  capture  and  destroy  the 

Dorade,  ii.  393 
Medway,   shipping  in  the,  burnt  by  the 

Dutch,  i.  Gi 
Medway  captures  the  Pontchartrain,  i.  95 
Medway    and    Eagle    capture    the    Due 

d'Aquitaine,  i.  183 
Medway  and  Weymouth  capture  the  In- 

vincible,  i.  89 
Melampe,  capture  of,  ISO 
Melampus  captures  the   Volige,  i.   468  ; 
captures  the  Resolue,  493  ;  destroys  the 
Imperieux,  ii.  177 
Meleager,  boats  of,  capture  the  Renard, 

ii.  218 
Melpomene,  action  with  the  Agamemnon, 

i.  374  ;  captured,  3S2 
Melpomene,  boats  of,  attack  the  Senegal, 
ii.  18  ;  boats  of,  destroy  a  Danish  cutter, 
283  ;  action  with  gun- boats,  285 
Melpomene,  capture  of,  ii.  500 
M<- anger,  capture  of,  i.  351 
Menelaus  attacks   a  frigate  and  brig  off 
Pointe    Ecampebarion,   ii.    393 ;    party 
from,  defeat  the  Americans  at  Moorfields, 
464 
Mercedes,  destruction  of,  ii.  91 
Mercedes,  capture  of,  ii.  202 
Mercure  destroyed,  ii.  386 
Mercury,  capture  of,  i.  428 
Mercury  captures  the   Sans-Pareille,   ii. 
19;  boats  of.  recapture  the  Bulldog,  39; 
destroy  a  pirate  vessel, 41  ;  capture  the 
Leda,  279  ;  capture  the  Pugliese,  296 
Merinos,  capture  of,  ii.  385 


Merlin  captures  two  French  ships,  i.  102 
Mermaid   driven   on   shore   by  a  French 

squadron,  i.  254 
Mermaid  captures  the  Republicain,  i.  424  ; 

action  with  the  Vengeance,  432 
Messina,  action  in  the  Straits  of,  i.  130 
Mifflin,  Fort,  capture  of,  i.  239 
Mignonne,  capture  of,  i.  196 
Milbrook,  action  with  the  Bellone,  ii.  16 
Milford  captures   La  Gloire,  i.  220  ;  cap- 
tures the  Cabot,  242 
Milford  and  Hector  capture  the  Licorne, 

i.  263 
Minden,  boats   of,    storm   Fort  Marrack. 

ii.  370 
Minerva  recaptures  the  Warwick,  i.  212  ; 
capture  and  recapture  of,  3l>9  ;  boats  of, 
atOro  Island,  ii.  179 
Minerva,  action  with  the  Pallas,  ii.  168 
Minerve,  capture  of,  i.  413 
Minerve,  capture  of,  ii.  65 
Minerve,  capture  of,  ii.  178 
Minerve    and    Blanche,   action  with   the 

Sabina  and  Ceres,  i.  436 
Minorca,  Byng's  action  near,  i.  171  ;  cap- 
ture of  a  French  squadron  off,  i.  515 
Minotaur  captures  the  Franchise,  ii.  64 
Minotaur  and  Niger,  boats  of,  cut  out  the 

Esmeralda  and  Pax,  ii.  14 
Minstrel,  boat  of,  captures  a  battery 

Biendom.  ii.  4<>0 
Moderate,  capture  of,  i.  153 
Modesto  captures  the  Jena,  ii.  252 
Monmouth  captures  the  Foudroyant,  i.  187 
Monmouth     and    Resolution    destroy    a 
French  convoy  in  Bertheaume  Bay,  i.  8-,> 
Mondovi  cut  out  from  Cerigo,  i.  470 
Monsieur,  capture  of,  i.  299 
Monte  Christi,  action  off,  i.  299 
Montreal    engages    the     Porcupine    and 

Minorca,  i.307 
Mont-Rosier,  capture  of,  i.  180 
Moras,  capture  of,  i.  185 
Morgion,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  422, 423 
Morocco,  blockade  of  the  ports  of,  i.  136 
Moorfields,    the   Americans    defeated  at, 

ii.  464 
Mosambique,  capture  of,  ii.  81 
Mouche,  action  with  the  Goldfinch,  ii.  28* 
Muros,    fort   at,    stormed,    and    two    pri- 
vateers captured,  ii.  104 
Musette,  capture  of,  i.  451 
Mutine,  capture  of,  i.  452 

Naiad,  Etha'ion,  Alcmene  and  Triton  cap- 
ture two  Spanish  treasure-ships,  i.  520 

Naiad  and  Magnanime  capture  the  De- 
cade, i.  490 

Naiad  and  squadron  attack  the  Boulogne 
flotilla,  ii.  379 

Naiade,  capture  of,  ii.  118 

Nancy,  destruction  of  the,  ii.  466 

Napoleon,  capture  of,  ii.  154 

Narcissus,  boats  of,  capture  the  Surveyor, 
ii.  431 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


597 


Nautilus,  capture  of,  ii.  499 

Navarin,  battle  of,  ii.  514 

Neapolitan  flotilla  defeated  by  the  Spar- 
tan, ii.  317 

Necessite,  capture  of,  ii.  313 

Negapatam,  actions  off,  i.  158,  190,  331 

Nemesis  and  Arrow  capture  the  Freya, 
ii.  11 

Neptune,  capture  of,  i.  486 

Neptune,  capture  ot,  ii.  59 

Neptune,  capture  of,  ii.  18"> 

Neptune,  capture  of,  ii.  443 

Nearque,  capture  of,  ii.  164 

Nereide,  capture  of.  i.  4n\l 

Nereide  captures  the  Vengeance,  ii.  2; 
boats  of,  at  Jacotel,  315;  attacks  the 
French  ships  in  Grand  Port,  and  is  cap- 
tured, 335. 

Nereide  beats  off  the  Avon  and  Rainbow, 
ii.  311  ;  capture  of,  36l 

Neufchatel  beats  off  the  boats  of  the 
Endymion.  ii.  4S7 

Newcastle  defeats  a  French  flotilla,  i. 
128 

Newfoundland,  French  Harbour  in,  ship- 
ping destroyed  in,  i.  126 

Nicholas,  Cape,  capture  of  a  French  squa- 
dron near,  i.  209 

Niemen,  capture  of,  ii.  279 

Niger's  boats  destroy  an  armed  lugger, 
i.  42S 

Niger  and  Tagus  capture  the  Cer+s, 
ii.  446 

Nightingale  and  Swal/nw.  engagement 
with  Ludlow  Castle,  i.  IIS 

Nile,  battle  of  the,  i.  4/6 

Ninfa,  capture  of,  i.  452 

Niobe  captures  the  Nearque,  ii.  164 

Nisus,  capture  of,  ii.  33 

Noli,  convoy  captured  at,  ii.  242 

Nonsuch  captures  two  French  ships  off 
Guernsey,  i.  77  ;  capture  of  the,  [)1 

Nonsuch  captures  the  Belle  Poule,  i.  306  ; 
engages  the  Active,  314 

Nordeney,  gun-bri»s  captured  at,  ii. 
374 

Normans  and  Cinque  Port  mariners,  bat- 
tles between,  i.  6. 

North  Foreland,  battle  off  the,  i.  6;  defeat 
of  the  Dutch  near  the,  6l 

Northumberland,  the,  capture  of,  i.  152 

Northumberland  conveys  the  ex-Emperor 
to  St.  Helena,  ii.  501 

Northumberland  and  Growler  drive  two 
frigates  and  a  brig  ashore,  at  the  Graul, 
ii.  302 

Norway,  Dutch  squadron  captured  on  the 
coast  of,  i.  62 

Nottingham  captures  Mars,  i.  158 

Nottingham  and  Portland  capture  Mag- 
nunime,  i.  167 

Nourrice  destroyed,  ii.  358 

Nyrnplte,  capture  of,  i.  307 

Nymphe  captures  the  Cleopdtre,  i.  362  ; 
boats  of,  attack  the  Garolta,  ii.  226 


Ocracoke,  shipping  captured  at,  ii.  433 

Ohio,  capture  of,  ii.  464 

Oiseau,  capture  of,  i.  i69 

Oiseau,  capture  of,  i.  457 

Oiseau  captures  the  Dedaigneuse,  ii.  19 

Oliver  Cromwell,  capture  of,  i.  244 

Ontario,  Lake,  British  and  American  squad- 
rons on,  ii.  434,  459 

Onyx  recaptures  the  Manley,  ii.  259 

Opnle  and  Malicieuse,  action  with  the 
Bideford  and  Flamborough,  i.  207 

Orefiame,  capture  of,  i.  214 

Oreste,  capture  of,  ii.  308 

Oreste  captures  the  Loup  Garou,  ii.  343 

Orford  captures  the  Philippeaux,  i.  104 

Oro  Island,  boats  of  the  Minerva  at,  ii.  177 

Oro  Hoads,  action  in,  ii.  245 

Orjihee,  capture  of,  i.  187 

Orpheus  captures  the  Du  Guai  Trouin, 
i.  383;  barge  of,  captures  the  Dolores, 
ii.  184 

Orpheus  and  Shelburne  capture  the  Frolic, 
ii.  457 

Ortcna,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  348 

Ortugal,  Cape,  capture  of  French  mer- 
chant ships  off,  i.  161 

Osprev,  boats  ot.  capture  the  Ressource, 
ii.  71 

Ostrich  captures  the  Poll;/,  i.  267 

Oswego,  attack  on,  ii.  460 

Otranto,  gun-boats  captured  at,  ii.  416 

Otter,  boats  of,  at  the  Riviere  Noire,  ii. 
293 

Palamos,  shipping  destroyed  at;  ii.  347 

Pa/inure  captures  the  Carnation,  ii.  250  ; 
captured,  251 

Palinuro,  shipping  destroyed  and  fort 
stormed  at,  ii.  381 

Pallas  captures  the  Countess  of  Scar- 
borough, i.  294 

Pallas  and  Brilliant  capture  Blonde  and 
Terpsichore,  i.  207 

Pallas,  capture  of,  ii.  2 

Pallas,  boats  of,  capture  the  Topageu.ie, 
ii.  l65 ;  drives  three  vessels  on  shore, 
165  ;   action  with  the  Minerva,  167 

Pallas  and  consorts,  capture  of,  ii.  1/2 

Palmier  engages  the  Thames  and  Coven- 
try, i.  195" 

Panther  and  Argo  capture  the  Acapulco 
galleon,  i.  222 

Papillon,  action  with  the  Speedy,  i.  463 

Papillon,  boat  of,  captures  a  felucca  priva- 
teer, ii.  102 

Papillon,  capture  of,  ii.  303 

Parenza,  capture  of  the  island  of,  ii.  358 

faslev  captures  the  Virgin  del  Ron/trio, 
ii.  6l 

Putriote  captures  the  Castor,  i.  3n."> 

Patuxent,  American  flotilla  on  the,  de- 
stroyed, ii.  476 

Paz,  capture  of,  ii.  14 

Peacock  engages  the  Hornet,  and  is  sunk, 
ii.  421 ;  force  of  the  combatants,  424 


598 


INDEX   OF    EVENTS. 


Peacock  captures  the  Epervier,  ii.  457 ; 
captures  the  Nautilus,  499 

Pearl  captures  the  Industry,  i.  267;  cap- 
tures the  Santa  Monica,  285 ;  captures 
the  Esperance,  308  ;  action  with  a 
French  squadron,  470 

Pegase,  capture  of,  i.  344 

Pelican  drives  three  privateers  ashore, 
i.  344 ;  action  with  the  Mi-dee,  433  ;  re- 
captures the  Alcyon,  434  ;  sinks  the 
Trompeur,  458  ;  captures  the  Argus,  ii. 
436 

Pembroke,  the,  capture  of,  i.  127 

Penelope,  capture  of,  i.  180 

Penguin  captures  the  Oiseau,  and  recap- 
tures the  Dartmouth,  i.  457 ;  engages 
a  FreDch  squadron,  ii.  24 

Penguin,  capture  of,  ii.  498 

Penobscot,  expedition  to  the,  i.  2S0 

Pensee,  action  with  the  Aimable,  i.  432 

Perdrix  captures  the  Arme'e  d'ltalie,  i.  500 

Perle,  capture  of,  i.  305 

Persanne,  capture  of,  ii.  384 

Pesaro,  attack  on,  ii.  282 

Peterel  captures  the  Ligurienne,  ii.  3 

Petite-Fille,  capture  of,  ii.  67  ;  recaptured 
and  destroyed,  68 

Pettipague  Point,  ships  and  stores  de- 
stroyed at,  ii.  456 

Phaeton,  capture  of,  ii.  163 

Phaeton  captures  the  Bonne  Citoyenne,  i. 
426 ;  boats  of,  cut  out  the  Sun  Josef,  ii.  1 6 

Phaeton  and  Harrier  attack  the  Se?nUlaute, 
ii.  113 

Philippeaux,  capture  of,  i.  104 

Phipps  captures  the  Bar  bier  de  Seville,  ii. 
344 

Phoebe  captures  the  Ne'reide,  i.  465  ;  cap- 
tures the  Africuine,  ii.  25 

Phoebe  and  Cherub  capture  the  Essex,  ii. 

45') 

Phoenix  captured  by  the  Dutch,  and  re- 
captured, i.  40 

Phoenix  captures  the  Argo,  i.  428 ;  cap- 
tures the  Didon,  ii.  113 

Phosphorus  beats  oil'  a  privateer,  ii.  174 

Piedmontuise  captures  the  Warren  Has- 
tings, ii.  168;  captured,  220 

Pilot,  boats  of,  at  Strongoli,  ii.  367 ;  at 
Castellan,  37S 

Pique,  capture  of,  i.  407 

Pique  captures  the  Phaeton  and  Voltigeur, 
ii.  163  ;  boats  of,  capture  the  Clara,  )  64 ; 
at  Cabaret  Bay,  184 

Pirates,  destruction  of,  on  the  coast  of 
Africa,  i.  135 

Piteous  Virgin  Mary,  capture  of,  i.  451 

Pitt  captures  the  Superba,  ii.  181 

Plantagenet  and  squadron,  boats  of,  at- 
tack the  General  Armstrong,  ii,  487 

Plumper,  capture  of,  ii.  113 

Pluto,  capture  of  a  letter  of  marque  bv,  i. 
190 

Pluvier  destroyed,  ii.  378 

Plymouth  captures  the  Adriad,  i.  122 


Point  Chatillon,  chasse-marees  destroyed 

at,  ii.  312 
Poitiers  captures  the  Wasp,  and  recaptures 

her  prize,  the  Frolic,  ii.  408 
Polly,  capture  of,  i.  267 
Polyphemus  captures  the  Tortue,  i.  376, 

437 
Pomona,  capture  of,  ii.  174 
Pomone  captures  the  Cheri,  i.  467;  cap- 
tures the  Carrere,  ii.  55  ;  drives  a  French 

convoy  on  shore,  202 
Pomone,   Unite,  and  Scout,   destroy  the 

Giraffe  and  Nourrice,  ii.  357 
Pomone,  capture  of,  ii.  384 
Pondicherry,  actions  off,  i.  268,  355 
Pontchartrain  captured  by  the  Medway, 

i.  95 
Ponza,  island  of,  captured,  ii.  422 
Poole  fishing- vessel,  privateer  captured  by 

a,  i.  93 
Potomac,  operations  in  the,  ii.  473,  479 ; 

descent  of  the  river,  481 
Porcupine  beats  off  three  Spanish  vessels, 

i.   306 ;    engages    the    Montreal,   307 ; 

boats  of,  on  the  coast   of  Italy,  ii.  210, 

237  ;  boats  of,  capture  several  vessels  in 

the  Gironde,  ii.  456 
Port  au  Paix,  shipping  destroyed  at,  i.  452 
Port  d'Espagne,  boats  of,  capture  a  pri- 
vateer, ii.  202 
Port  Louis,  capture  of  the  Cerbere  at,  ii.  1 1 
Port  Nouvelle,  batteries  at,  stormed,  ii. 

444 
Porto  Ferrajo,  vessels  captured  at,  ii.  59 ; 

unsuccessful  attack  on,  60 
Porto  Rico,  shipping  destroyed  at,  i.  513 
Portland,  battle  off,  i.  43 
Portland  captures  the  Coventry,  i.  123  ; 

captures  the  Auguste,  i.  156 
Portland    and  Nottingham    capture    the 

Magnanime,  i.  167 
Porto  Bello,  reduction  of,  i.  137 
Porto  Praya  Bay,  action  in,  i.  311 
Portsmouth,    the,    capture  of   a   French 

frigate  by,  i.  9' 
Powerful  captures  the  Bellone,  ii.  170 
Praines  and   gun-boats   driven   on   shore 

near  Flushing,  ii.  85 
Preneuse  beaten   off  "by  the   Camel   and 

Rattlesnake,    i-    51S ;    action  with   the 

Jupiter,  5ly;  destroyed,  524 
President,   armament  of,    ii.   363  ;  action 

with  the  Little  Belt,  364  ;  captured,  401 
Presidente,  capture  of,  ii.  179 
Prevoyante,  capture  of,  413 
Prima,  capture  of,  ii.  7 
Primrose      engages      the      Marlborough 

(packet),  ii.  453 
Prince  Edward,  engagement  with  a  French 

frigate,  i.  184 
Prince  George  burnt,  i.  1S9 
Prince  of  Orange  (packet;,  capture  of,  i.  249 
Princess  Augusta    beaty    off    two    Dutch 

schooners,  ii.  70 
Princess  Caroline,  capture  of,  i.  309 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


599 


Princess   Charlotte  captures  the   Cyane, 

ii.  118 
Princess    Royal    (packet)    beats    off    the 

Aventurier,  i.  4/1 
Princeza,  capture  of,  i.  139 
Prindtz   Christian   Frederick    destroyed, 

ii.  224 
Privateer    captured   by  a  fishing  vessel, 

i.  93,  94 
Privateers,  their  excesses,  in  the  reign  of 

Elizabeth,  i.  26;  their  cruises  against 

the  Spaniards,  32,  33 
Privateers,    Huguenot,    captured  by    the 

English,  i.  27 
Prociaa,  capture  of,  ii.  286 
Procris,  boats  of,  capture  or  destroy  six 

gun-boats,  ii.  328 
Proserpine,  capture  of,  i.  430 
Proserpine,  capture  of,  ii.  263 
Prothee  captures  the  Ajax,  i.  218 
Providence,  capture  of,  i.228 
Prudente  captured  and  burnt,  i.  194 
Prudente,  capture  of,  i.  271 
Prudente  captures  the  Cupricieuse,  i.  305 
Prudente,  capture  of,  i.  503 
Psyche',  action  with   the  Wilhelmina,  ii. 

84 ;  captured,  97 
Psyche,  capture  of,  ii.  213 
Pugliese,  capture  of,  ii .  296 
Pulteney  (privateer)  beats  off  two  Spanish 

xebecks,  i.  144 

Quebec,  siege  of,  by  the  Americans,  i.  230 
Quebec  engages  the  Surveitlante,  and  is 

blown  up,  i.  295 
Quebec,    boats    of,    capture     the    Jeune 

Louise,  ii.  344 
Quebec  and  squadron,  beats  of,  capture 

three  gun-brigs  at  Nordeney,  ii.  375 
Queen  Charlotte  beats  off  the  Swan,  ii.  337 
Quiberon  Bay,  convoy  dispersed  in,  and 

part  captured,  ii.  17 
Quidproquo,  capture  of,  ii.  15 

Racehorse  captures  the  Guest,  i.  247 
Racoon  captures  the  Lodi,  ii.  66;  captures 

the  Petite-Fille,  67  ;  engages  a  schooner 

and  cutter,  67 
Ragosniza,  convoy  destroyed  at.  ii.  369 
Rainbow  captures  the  Hebe,  i.  347 
Rainbow,    and    Victor    (or    Viper),    and 

Flora  capture  the  Hancock,  and  recap- 
ture the  Fox,  i.  242 
Raison,    action    with    the   Vengeance,  i. 

433 
Raison,  capture  of,  i.  413 
Ruisonnuble,  capture  of,  i.  192 
Raisonnable,    action    with    the    Topaze, 

ii.  115 
Raleigh,  capture  of,  i.  268 
Raleigh    and    Alfred    beaten  off   by  the 

Camel  and  two  sloops,  i.  244 
Rambler,    action    with    the    Expedition, 

i.  295;  captures  a  French  privateer  at 

Tarifa,  ii.  312 


Randolph  engages  [the  Yarmouth,  and  is 
blown  up,  i.  259 

Ranger  captures  the  Drake,  i.  26 1 

Rapo»a,  capture  of,  ii.  155 

Rappahannock,  American  schooner  cap- 
tured in  the,  ii.  420 

Ras-el-Khvma,  capture  of,  ii.  302 

Rattler  and  Folkestone,  boats  of,  attack  on 
the  Vimereux,  ii.  93 

Rattlesnake  captures  the  Frelon  de  Dun- 
kerque,  i.  270 

Raven,  Seahorse,  and  Bonetta,  action 
with  two  French  frigates,  i.  184 

Recovery  captures  the  Revanche,  i.  468 

Recruit,  action  with  the  Diligente,  ii. 
247;  engages  D'Hautpolt,  281 

Redwing  beats  off  seven  armed  vessels,  ii. 
229 

Regulateur,  capture  of,  ii.  154 

Regulus  destroyed,  ii.  456 

Regulus,  boats  of,  capture  three  vessels  in 
Aguada  Bay,  i.  472 

Reindeer  engages  the  Phaeton  and  Volti- 
geur,  ii.  163  ;  capture  of,  462 

Renard  recaptures  the  Lily,  ii.  100  ;  cap- 
tures the  Diligente,  If 8 

Renard,  capture  of,  ii.  218 

Renard,  action  with  the  Alphea,  ii.  438 

Renard  and  Goeland  beaten  off  by  the 
Swallow,  ii.  393 

Renommee,  capture  of,  i.  166 

Renommee  destroyed,  ii.  81 

Renommee  captures  the  Vigilante,  ii.  164  ; 
boats  of,  cut  out  the  Giganta,  166  ;  cap- 
ture three  vessels  at  Colon,  184 

Renommee,  capture  of,  ii.  36 1 

Renommee  and  Grasshopper,  boats  of, 
capture  of  two  vessels  by,  ii.  211 

Reolaise,  capture  of,  ii.  17 

Republicain,  capture  of,  i.  424 

Repubticain,  capture  of,  i,  5] 7 

Repulse,  boats  of,  at  Morgion,  ii.  423 

Requin,  action  with  the  Wizard,  ii.  230 

Resistance,  capture  of,  i.  450 

Resolue,  capture  of,  i.  493 

Resolu-tie,  capture  of,  ii.  214 

Resolution  burnt  at  Ventimiglia,  i.  115 

Resolution  and  Monmouth  destroy  French 
shipping  in  Bertheaume  Bay,  1.  89 

Resource  recaptures  the  Unicorn,  i.  312 

Ressource,  capttire  of,  ii.  71 

Restichi,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  348 

Reunion,  capture  of,  i.  373 

Revanche,  capture  of,  i.  428 

Revanche,  capture  of,  i.  468 ;  capture  of 
another  Revanche,  468 

Revanche,  action  with  the  Curieux,  ii.  212 

Revenge,  capture  of,  i.  Ill 

Revenge  and  Berwick  capture  the  Orplice, 
i.  187 

Revolutionnaire,  capture  of,  i.  404 

Revolutionnaire  captures  the  Unite,  i.  426 

Rhin,  capture  of,  ii.  173 

Rhin  and  squadron  capture  a  convoy  at 
Corigeou,  ii.  500 


600 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


Rhinoceros,  capture  of,  i.  194 

llhode   Island  threatened   by  D'Estaign, 

i.  256 
Ribades,  attack  on,  i.  134 
Richmond  captures  the  Felicite,   i.   211  ; 

captures  a  Spanish  lugger,  ii.  201 
Rinaldo  captures  the  Maraudeur,  ii.  346  ; 

defeats  four  French  luggers,  346 
Rinaldo    and    Redpole,    action   with   the 

Boulogne  flotilla,  ii.  378 
Rippon,   action   with    the   Achille  and   a 

frigate,  i.  213 
Riviere  Noire,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  293 
Rivoli,  capture  of,  ii.  386 
Rivoli  captures  the  Melpomene,  ii.  500 
Robust  and  Lion  destroyed,  ii.  299 
Rochefort  squadron  capture  the  Calcutta, 

ii.  117 
Rochelle,  battle  off,  i.  16 
Romney,  capture  of  a  privateer  by,  i.  114  ; 

captures  the  Artois,   and  the  Perle,  i. 

305 ;  captures  the  Sibt/lle,  i.  404 
Roncu,  capture  of,  ii.  229 
Rook,  capture  of,  ii.  247 
Rosamond  captures  the  Papillon,  ii.  303 
Rosario  captures  the  Mamelouck,  ii.  345  ; 

action  with  the  Boulogne  flotilla,  ii.  387 
Rosas  Bay,  destruction  of  convoy  in,  ii.  299 
Rose  captures  the  Conception,  i.  151 
Rose  engages  three  privateers,  i.  423 
Rotterdam,  the,  capture  of,  i.  309 
Rotti,  trabacculos  destroyed  at,  ii.  284 
Rovigno,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  405 
Royal  George,  loss  of  the,  i.  346 
Royal  Navy,  rise  of  the,  i.  21  ;  force  in 

1803,  ii.  64 
Royalist  captures  the  Ruse,  ii.  415 
Ruby  captures  the  Prudente,  i.  271  ;  cap- 
tures the  Solitaire,  350 
Rupert  captures  the  Tiger,  i.  75 
Rupert    and   Faversham    cut    out    many 

Spanish  vessels,  i.  147 
Ruse,  capture  of,  ii.  415 
Russian  boats,  action  with,  ii.  2Q0 
Russian  squadron  takes  part  in  the  battle 

of  Navarin,  ii.  516 

Sabinu,  capture  and  recapture  of,  i.  436 
Sabine,    boats   of,   capture   three   French 

privateers,  ii.  366 
Sabiona,  capture  of  three  French  privateers 

at,  ii.  366 
Sable  d'Olonne,  three  French  frigates  de- 
stroyed at,  ii.  264 
St.  Albans  captures  a   French  frigate,  i. 

80  ;  makes  other  captures,  80 
St.  Albans  and  Salisbury  capture  a  French 

60-gun  ship,  i.  125 
St.  Ann,  capture  of,  i.  215 
St.  Cas,  disastrous  landing  at,  i.  1Q2 
St.  Croix,  capture  of  shipping  at,  ii.  8 
St.  Esprit  t-nsagos  the  Jerst-y,  i.  155 
St,  Francois  de  Paule,  capture  of,  ii.  368 
St.   Helena  captured  by  the  Dutch,  and 
recaptured,  i.  69 


St.  Kitts,  action  off,  i.  63 

St.  Lawrence,  capture  of,  ii.  495 

St.  Leonards  (U.S.),  shipping  and  «tores 

destroyed  at,  ii.  473 
St.  Lucia,  capture  of,  i.  406 
St.  Malo.   bombardment  of,  i.   87;  again 

attacked,  93  ;  attack  on,  191 
St.  Marcouff,  convoy  driven  on  shore  at, 

ii.  376 
St.  Patrick,  the,  captured  by  the  Dutch,  i.  63 
St.  Paul's,  Bourbon,  attack  on.  ii.  297 
St.  Philip  captures  the  Moderate  and  four 

other  French  vessels,  i.  153 
St.  Sebastian,  naval  operations  at,  ii.  445 
St.  Servan,  shipping  and  stores  destroyed 

at,  i.  191 
St.  Thomas,  capture  of,  ii.  216 
St.  Vincent,  Cape,  action  off,  i.  135  ;  Jer- 

vis's  victory  at,  441 
St.  Vincent,  island,  capture  of,  i.  272 
S'llamnndre  destroyed,  ii.  ISO 
Saldanha  Bay,  Dutch  squadron  captured 

in,  i.  437 
Salerno,   gun -boats  captured  and  maga- 
zines destroyed  at,  ii.  380 
Salisbury,  the,  capture  of,  i.  102 
Salisbury  captures  the  San  Carlos,  i.  296 
Salisbury  and  St.  Albans  capture  a  French 

60-gun  ship,  i.  125 
Salisbury  and  Salisbury's  Prize  capture  a 

Spanish  galleon,  i.  128 
Salle  du  Roi,  a  ship  of  the  fleet  of  Edward 

III.  i.  15 
Sallee  rovers,  capture  of,  i.  77  ;  their  de- 
predations checked,  130 
Sally  and  consorts  near  Dantzic,  ii.  201 
Samana,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  196 
Sun  Carlos,  capture  of  the,  i.  296 
San  Domingo,  action  off,  ii.  156 
San   Fiorenza  and    Nymphe  capture  the 

Resistance  and  Covetante,  i.  450 
San  Fiorenzo  and  Amelia,  action  with  a 

French  squadron,  i.  513 
San  Fiorenzo  captures  the  Piemontaise,  ii. 

218 
San  logo,  capture  of,  i.  36l 
St.  Jago  de  Cuba,  attacks  on,  i.  144,  167 
San  Josef,  capture  of,  ii.  16 
Su?i  Josef,  capture  of,  ii.  213 
San  Pedro,  capture  of,  ii.  197 
Sandy  Creek,  action  in,  ii.  461 
Sans  Calotte,  capture  of,  i.  360 
Sans  Pareille,  capture  of,  ii.  19 
Satis  Souci,  capture  of,  ii.  343 
Santa  Brigida,  capture  of.  i.  521 
Santa  Catatina,  capture  of,  i.  335 
Santa  Cruz,  Blake's  attack  on  the  Spanish 

treasure-ships  at,  i.   52 ;    Nelson's   at- 
tack, 454 
Santa  Elena  sunk  in  action,  i.  452 
Santa  Leocadia,  capture  of,  i.  313 
Santa  Margarita  recaptures  the  Thames, 

i.  4-28 
Santa  Margaritta  captures  the  Ami  zone, 

i.  345 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


601 


Santa  Marguerita,  capture  of,  i.  296 
Santa  Maria,  destruction  of,  ii.  20 
Santa  Maura,  boats  of  Topaze  at,  ii.  285  ; 

surrender  of,  314 
Santa  Martha,  action  off,  i.  97 
Santa  Monica,  capture  of,  i.  285 
Santa  Teresa,  capture  of,  i.  502 
Sapphire  destroys   Spanish   privateers  at 

Vigo,  i.  145 
Sappho  captures  the  Admiral  Yawl,  ii.  218 
Sapri,  capture  of  the  fort  of,  ii.  392 
Savage,  capture  and  recapture  of,  i.  323 
Savannah,  operations  in  the,  i.  283 
Scarborough,  capture  of  the,  i.  91 
Sc/iaerles  captured  by  the  Tiger,  i.  72 
Schelling,  Dutch  ships  burnt  at,  i.  61 
Schrik,  capture  of,  ii.  £2 
Scilly,   loss    of    Sir   Cloudesley    Shovel's 

fleet  off,  i.  117 
Scipio,  capture  of,  ii.  214 
Scipion    engages     the    Torbay,     and    is 

wrecked,  i.  350 
Scorpion,  boats  of,  capture  the  Atalante, 

ii.  83  ;  captures  the  Oreste,  ii.  308 
Scotch  pirate,  a,   defeated  by  a  London 

alderman,  i.  17;  another,  by  Sir  Thomas 

Howard,  21 
Scourge  captures  the  Sans  Calotte,  i.  360 
Scout,  boats  of,  capture  seven  vessels  near 

Cape  Croisette,  ii.  28b" ;  destroy  a  bat- 
tery at  Carri,  29 1 
Scylla  captures  the  Canonniere,  ii.  362 
Scylla   and    Royalist   (brigs)   engage   the 

Weser,  ii.  442 
Seagull  recaptures  the  Lord  Nelson,  ii.  68 ; 

captured,  ii. 235 
Seahorse,   action   with    Aigrette,  i.  211  ; 

captures  the   Sensible,   4/ 1  ;    attacks  a 

Spanish  convoy,  ii.  103 ;  action  With  a 

Turkish  squadron,  238 
Seahorse,     Kaven,    and    Bonetta,    action 

with  two  French  frigates,  i.  183 
Sealark  captures  the  Ville  de  Caen,  ii.  399 
Search   for  deserters  on    board  American 

men-of-war,  ii.  198 
Seine,  capture  of,  i.  472 
Seine  captures  the  Vengea?ice,  ii.  13 
Seine  and  Loire  destroyed,  ii.  305 
Semillante,  action  with  the  Venus,  i.  3fil 
Semillante,  attack  on,  at  Jacinta,  ii.  113 
Senegal,  capture  of,  ii.  291 
Senegal,  capture  of  the,  i.  SOS 
Senegal,  destruction  of  the,  ii.  IS 
Serapis,  capture  of,  i.  294 
Serpent,    boats    of,    capture    a    Spanish 

guarda-costa,  ii.  153 
Severn,  capture  of,  i.  158 
Severn  engages   the  Etoile  and  Sultune, 

ii.  448 
Sensible,  capture  of,  i.  471 
Sewolod,  destroyed,  ii.  246 
Shannon  captures  the  Chesapeake,  ii.  424  ; 

comparaiive  force  of  the  combatants,  430 
Sheerness  burnt  by  the  Dutch,  i.  64 
Sheerness    (cutter),   boat    of,   captures  a 

French  chasse-mar£e,  ii.  68 


Sheerness,  Bridgewater,  and  Ursula  cap- 
ture  three  Dunkirk  privateers  and  their 
prizes,  i.  156 

Sheerness  and  Chichester  capture  the 
Bien-acquis,  i.  186 

Sheerness  and  Foresight  beat  off  two- 
French  line-of-battle  ships,  i.  94 

Shoreham's  tender  captures  two  Spanish 
privateers,  i.  157 

Sibyl/e,  action  with  the  Magicienne,  i.  352 ; 
captured,  353 

Sibi/l/e,  capture  of,  i.  404 

Sibylle  captures  the  Forte,  i.  504;  cap- 
tures the  Cliiffonne,  ii.  57 

Sidon,  storming  of,  ii.  531 

Si^ri,  Turkish  ships  cut  out  at,  ii.  1 96 

Sir  Francis  Drake,  boats  of,  cap'ure  a 
flotilla  of  Dutch  gun- vessels,  ii.  365 

Sirius  captures  the  Furie  and  the  Waak- 
xaaruheid,  i.  496  ;  captures  the  Bergere, 
ii.  166;  boats  of,  ships  captured  and 
destroyed  by,  ii.  323  ;  grounds  in  Grand 
Port,  and  is" burnt,  336 

Skylark  and  Locust  drive  twelve  French 
gun-vessels  on  shore  at  Calais,  ii.  381 

Sluys,  battle  of.  i.  9  ;  capture  of,  20 

Smyrna  fleet,  the  Dutch,  attack  on  the,  i. 
66. 

Snap  captures  the  Lion,  ii.  440 

Solebay,  battles  of,  i.  54,  67 

Solebay  recaptures  the  Savage,  i.  323 ; 
captures  a  French  squadron,  523 

Solebay  and  Amazon  capture  the  C/tevrelte, 
i.  213 

Solebay  and  Dolphin,  engagement  with 
the  Marechal  de  Belleisle,  1.  193 

Solidore,  shipping  destroyed  at,  i.  191 

Solituite,  capture  of,  i.  350 

Somers,  capture  of,  ii.  464 

Sophie,  capture  of,  i.  348 

Southampton  beats  off  five  French  pri- 
vateers, i.  1S3;  captures  the  Emeruade, 
184  ;  captures  the  Caumartin  and  ano- 
ther privateer,  194  ;  captures  the  Uanae, 
197  ;  engages  a  French  squadron,  123; 
captures  the  Utile,  430  ;  captures  the 
Amethyste,  ii.  385 

South  Carolina,  capture  of,  i.  352 

Spaniards,  private  expeditions  against  the,. 
in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  i.  32, 
33,  35 

Spanish,  or  "Invincible"  Armaria,  i.  27 

Spanish  fleet  defeated  by  Edward  III.  i.  14 

Spanish  fleets  ravage  the  English  coasts, 
i.  18,  19. 

Spanish  galleons,  capture  of,  i.  100, 128 

Spanish  galleys,  five,  beaten  off  by  a  mer- 
chant ship,  i.  35 

Spanish  gun-boats  beaten  off  by  the 
Helena,  i.  319  ;  twelve  beaten  off  by  the 
Speedy,  519 

Spanish  gun-boats  and  English  boats 
action  between,  i.  453 

Spanish  squadron,  capture  of,  i.  297 

Spanish  treasure-ships  escape  the  English 

flee  t,  i.  3/  ;    two  captured   by  Stayner, 


602 


INDEX  OF  EVENTS. 


51;  others  burnt  at  Santa  Cruz,  52; 
several  captured  at  Vigo,  100  ;  two  cap- 
tured by  the  Naiad  and  other  frigates, 
520 ;  three  captured  by  the  Indefatig- 
able and  other  frigates,  ii.  90 

Spartan,  boats  of,  beaten  off,  by  a  polacre, 
ii.  199  ;  chased  by  a  French  squadron, 
200 ;  action  with  Ceres  and  her  consorts, 
317 

Sparviere,  capture  of,  ii.  31" 

Speedwell,  her  numerous  captures,  i.  122 

Speedwell,  capture  of,  i.  218 

Speedy,  action  with  the  Pupillon,  i.  468 ; 
destroys  a  Spanish  convoy,  518;  beats 
off  twelve  Spanish  gun-boats,  519;  cap- 
tures the  Gumo,  ii.  39  ;  boats  of,  and  of 
Kangaroo,  40  ;  captured,  41 

Spencer  captures  the  Volcun,  i.  428 

Spergui,  shipping  destroyed  at,  i.  426 

Stag  captures  the  Alliance,  i.  422 

Standard,  boats  of,  capture  the  Volpe,  ii.  236 

Stanislaus,  capture  of,  i.  304 

Stately  and  Nassau  destroy  the  Prindtz 
Christian  Frederick,  ii.  222 

Stirling  Castle  and  Hampton  Court  engage 
the  Toulouse  and  Trident,  i.  128 

Stork,  boats  of,  capture  two  vessels,  i.  100  ; 
at  Batabano,  176 

Strongoli,  shipping  destroyed  at,  ii.  367 

Sturdy  Beggar,  privateer,  burnt,  i.  250 

Subtle,  boats  of,  attack  on  St.  Marr.in's, 
ii.  242 

Svcces,  capture  of,  ii.  59 

Success  captures  the  Diane,  ii.  13  ;  cap- 
tured, 24  ;  recaptured,  59 ;  boats  of, 
capture  a  felucca,  184 

Success  and  Espoir,  boats  of,  at  Casti- 
glione,  ii.  313* 

Success  and  Vernon  capture  the  Santa 
Catalina,  i.  337 

Suffisante  captures  the  Revanche,  i.  428 

Suffolk  captures  the  Galliard,  i.  125 

Sultane,  capture  of,  ii.  456 

Superb  and  Primrose,  boats  of,  at  Buz- 
zard's  Bay,  ii.  46l 

Superbe,  capture  of,  i.  125 

Superbe,  capture  of,  ii.  181 

Surprise  ca.\itmts  the.  Harwich  packet,  i. 248 

Surprise  captures  the  Du  Guai  Trouin,  i. 
298;  recaptures  the  Hermione,  522 

Surinam,  captures  of,  i.  6l ;  ii.  91 

Surly  and  Firm,  boats  of,  capture  the 
Alcide,  ii.  314 

Surveillante  engages  the  Quebec,  i.  295 

Surveillante,  surrender  of,  ii.  75 

Surveillante  and  Constant,  boats  of,  at  the 
Morbihan,  ii.  337 

Surveyor,  capture  of,  ii.  431 

Susquehana,  boat  expedition  on  the,  ii.  424 

Swallow  beats  off  the  Rrnardand  Goeland, 
ii.  393;  boats  of,  capture  the  Guerriere, 
ii.  442 

Swan,  action  with  a  Danish  cutter,  ii.  234 

Swan  beaten  off  by  the  Queen  Charlotte, 
ii.  337 


Sweepstakes,  capture  of,  i.  122 

Swift,  capture  of,  ii.  84 

Swiftsure  captures  the  Atalante,  i.  [384 ; 
captured,  ii.  41  ;  boats  of,  capture  the 
Charlemagne,  ii.  445 

Sylph  captures  the  Mercury,  i.  428;  ac- 
tion with  a  frigate,  ii.  54 ;  second  en- 
counter with  the  same,  55 

Sylphe,  capture  of,  ii.  243 

Svlvia  sinks  a  prahu,  and  captures  the 
'Echo,  ii.  313 

Syren  captures  the  Landrail,  ii.  463 

Syria,  operations  on  the  coast  of,  ii.  524 

Tnctique  and  GuSpe,  beaten  off  by  the 
Guadaloupe,  ii.  368 

Tamar  captures  the  Ripublicain,  i.  517 

Tangiers  taken  possession  of  by  the  Eng- 
lish, i.  53 

Tapageuse,  capture  of,  ii.  165 

Tape-a-bord,  capture  of,  ii.  103 

Tartar,  her  numerous  captures  cf  priva- 
teers, i.  180;  captures  the  Santa  Mar- 
guerita,  i.  296 

Tartar,  boats  of,  capture  the  Hirondelle, 
ii.  88;  at  Bergen,  232;  boats  of,  cap- 
ture a  Danish  privateer,  284 

Teazer,  capture  of,  ii.  113 

Teazer  and  convoy,  capture  of.  ii.  376 

Telegraph  captures  the  Hirondelle,  i.  513  ; 
destroys  the  Flibustier,  ii.  442 

Terpsichore,  capture  of,  i.  207 

Terpsichore  captures  the  Marquis  de 
Marigny,  i.  221 

Terpsichore  captures  the  Mnhonesa,  i. 
434  ;  captures  the  Vestale,  435  ;  engages 
the  Santisima  Trinidnda,  451  ;  engages 
the  Semillante,  ii.  223 

Terpsichore,  capture  of,  ii.  450 

Terrible,  privateer,  captures  the  Grand 
Alexandre,  i.  176;  is  captured  by  the 
Vengeance,  177 

Texel,  battle  off  the,  i.  45  ;  Duncan's  ac- 
tion, 458  ;  capture  of  a  Dutch  squadron, 
516 

Thames,  action  with  the  Uranie,  i.  3/5 ; 
captured  by  the  Carmagnole,  376 ;  re- 
captured, 429 

Thames  and  Cephalus  capture  a  French 
convoy  at  Porto  del  Infreschi,  ii.  369 

Thames  and  Coventry  engage  the  Pal- 
mier, i.  195 

Thames  and  Furieuse  capture  the  island 
of  Ponza,  ii.  422 

Thames  and  Imperieuse  atPalinuro,  ii.  381 

Thames  and  Pilot  capture  the  fort  of  Sa- 
pri,  ii.  392 

Thames,  Pilot,  and  Weasel,  boats  of,  at 
Amanthea,  ii.  32S 

Thrri'se,  destruction  of,  ii.  8 

Theseus,  dreadful  explosion  on  board,  i. 
511 

Thetis,  capture  of.  i.  1 12 

Thetis,  capture  of,  i.  521 


INDEX    OF   EVENTS. 


603 


Thetis  captures  the  Buffon,  i.  215;  cap- 
tures the  Prevoyante,  i.  413 

Thetis,  capture  of,  ii.  253 

Thisbe,  boats  of,  capture  the  Viloce,  ii.  85 

Thistle  captures  the  Havik,  ii.  310 

Thrasher,  action  with  the  Boulogne  flo- 
tilla, ii.  283 

Thunder  captures  the  Neptune,  ii.  443 

Thunderer  captures  the  Achille,  i.  215; 
captures  the  Eveille,  i.  425 

Tickler,  capture  of,  ii.  234 

Tiger  captures  the  Schaerles,  i.  73 

Tiger  captured  by  the  Rupert,  i.  75 

Tigre,  action  with  the  Danae,  i.  218; 
beats  off  the  Deal  Castle,  219  ;  captured, 
219 

Tigre,  operations  before  Acre,  i.  506 

Tigress  and  Scorpion,  capture  of,  ii.  46/ 

Topaze  captures  the  Elizabeth,  i.  433 ; 
boats  of,  at  Demata,  ii.  285 

Topaze,  action  with  the  Raisonnable,  ii. 
116;  captures  the  Blanche,  107;  cap- 
tured, 26l 

Torbay  and  Dunkirk  capture  Alc.ide  and 
Lys,  i.  170 

Torche,  capture  of,  ii.  116 

Tortosa,  attack  on,  ii.  529 

Tortue,  capture  of,  i.  376 

Tortue,  capture  of,  i.  437 

Toulon,  attack  on,  i.  117;  action  off,  149  ; 
action  with  the  batteries,  198;  fleet  in, 
delivered  up  to  Lord  Hood,  i.  367;  the 
town  besieged,  368 ;  abandoned,  and 
the  shipping  destroyed  369  ;  action  be- 
tween Pellew  and  Kerjulien,  off,  ii.  450 

Toulouse,  the,  capture  of,  i.  128 

Tourterelle,  capture  of,  i.  408 

Trafalgar,  battle  of,  ii.  123 

Trave,  capture  of,  ii.  443 

Trent,  her  capture,  i.  210 

Trent,  boats  of,  at  Brehat,  ii.  38 

Trepassey,  capture  of,  i.  315 

Tribune,  capture  of,  i.  429 

Tribune,  action  with  four  Danish  gun- 
brigs,  ii.  321 

Trident  and  Amelie,  action  with  the 
Volontaire  and  Perlen,  ii.  382 

Trident  and  Content,  capture  of,  i.  91 

Trincomale,  capture  of,  i.  325  ;  recapture 
of,  333  ;  actions  off,  328,  333 

Trincomale  engages  the  Iphige'nie,  when 
both  are  blown  up,  i.  520 

Trinidad,  capture  of,  i.  450 

Tripoli,  burning  of  the  shipping  in  the 
port  of,  i.  74 

Triton,  action  with  the  Jupiter,  i.  269 

Trompeur  sunk  by  the  Pelican,  i.  457 

Trumbull,  capture  of,  i.  320 

Tunis  bombarded  by  Blake,  i.  50 

Turbulent,  capture  of,  ii.  234 

Turkish  fleet  destroyed  at  Navarin,  ii.  521 

Turkish  ships  and  Seahorse,  action  be- 
tween, ii.  238 

Turkish  squadron  takes  part  in  the  opera- 
tions on  the  coast  of  Syria,  ii.  525 


Two-decked  40    and    50-gun  ships,  their 

inefficiency,  i.  185 
Tyre,  capture  of,  ii.  531 

Undaunted,  boats  of,  at  Carri,  ii.  422  ; 
conveys  Napoleon  to  Elba,  459 

Undaunted  and  Guadaloupe,  boats  of, 
destroy  batteries  and  vessels  at  Port 
Nouvelle,  ii.  444 

Undaunted  and  squadron,  boats  of,  at 
Sourion,  ii.  422 

Unicorn  captures  the  Invincible,  i.  1S2  ; 
captures  the  Hermione,  185;  captures 
the  Vestale,  210;  captures  the  Tribune, 
429 ;  boats  of,  capture  the  Tape-a-bord, 
ii.  103  ;  skirmish  with  French  gun- 
boats, 264  ;  recaptures  the  Laurel,  314 

Unite,  capture  of,  i.  426 

Unite  captures  the  Ronco  and  two  other 
brigs,  ii.  229 ;  boats  of,  capture  the 
St.  Francois  de  Paule,  ii.  368 

Unite  and  Cephalus  at  Civita  Vecchia, 
ii.  368 

United  States  navy,  rise  of  the,  i.  228 ; 
particulars  as  to  armament,  246  ;  Paul 
Jones's  squadron,  287 

United  States  captures  the  Macedonian, 
ii.  408 

Uranie,  action  with  the  Thames,  i.  375 

Ursula,  Bridgewater,  and  Sheerness  cap- 
ture three  Durnkirk  privateers  and  their 
prizes,  i.  156 

Ushant,  Kempenfelt's  action  off,  i.  324  ; 
Lord  Howe's  action  off,  385 ;  boats  of 
Dreadnought  at,  ii.  337 

Utile,  capture  of,  i.  430 

Vado  Bay,  engagement  in,  i.  127 

Vaillante,  capture  of,  i.  434 

Vaillante,  capture  of,  i.  486 

Vainqueur  and  Makau,  capture  of,  i.  210 

Vanssigo,  capture  and  recapture  cf,  ii.  21 1 

Var,  passage  of  the,  i.  116 

Var,  capture  of,  ii.  262 

Vi'loce,  capture  of,  ii.  85 

Venerable  captures  the  Alcmene,  ii.  447 

Vengeance  captures  the  Entreprenant,  i. 
214 

Vengeance  recaptures  the  Grand  Alex- 
andre, and  captures  the  Terrible,  i.  176 ; 
captured,  187 

Vengeance,  action  with  the  Mermaid,  i. 
432  ;  action  with  the  Ra'tson,  433 

Vengeance,  capture  of,  ii.  3 

Vengeance,  capture  of,  ii.  13 

Vengeur,  capture  of,  i.  514 

Venteux,  capture  of,  ii.  65 

Ventura,  capture  of,  i.  220 

Venus,  action  with  the  Semillante,  i.  36l 

Venus,  capture  of,  ii.  341 

Venus  and  Juno,  capture  the  Brune,  i.  21 1 

Venus  and  Victor  capture  the  Ceylon, 
ii.  341 

Vestal  captures  the  Bellona,  i.  1 95 

Vestale,  capture  of,  i.  210 


004 


INDEX    OF    EVENTS. 


Vestale,  capture  of,  i.  435  ;  recaptured  by 

her  crew,  435 
Vestale,  capture  of,  i.  516 
Victor  (or  Viper)   assists  in  the  chase  of 

the  Boston  and  Hancock,  i.  242 
Victor  destroys  the  FlSche,  ii.  59 
Victor,  capture  of,  ii.  301 
Victorieuse  captures  a  privateer,  i.  470 
Victorious  and  Weasel  capture  the  Rivoli, 

ii.  386 
Vigilant,  capture  of.  i.  248 
Vigilante,  capture  of,  ii.  165 
Vigo,   galleons  captured  or  destroyed  at, 

i.  100;  capture  of,   135;  privateers  de- 
stroyed at,  145 
Ville  de  Caen,  capture  of,  ii.  399 
Villc  de  Milan  captures  the  Cleopatra,  ii. 

98;  captured,  100 
Vincego,  capture  of,  ii.  85 
Vimereux,  attack  on,  ii.  93 
Viper  captures  Hector,  i.  l6l 
Viper  captures  the  Piteous  Virgin  Mary, 

i.  451 ;  captures  the  Furet,  525 
Virgin,  capture  and  recapture  of,  i.  208 
Virgin  del  Rosario,  capture  of,  ii.  61 
Virginia,  expedition  to,  i.  2"5 
Virginie,  capture  of,  i.  427 
Virginie  captures  the  Guelderland,  ii.  233 
Viveros,  vessels  cut  out  at,  i.  147  ;  boats 

of  Emerald  at,  ii.  221 
Volage,  capture  of,  i.  468 
Volcan,  capture  of,  428 
Volontuire  and  Alerte  driven  on  shore,  i. 

404 
Volontaire   and    Perlen,    action  with  the 

Trident  and  AmeUie,  ii.  382 
Volpe,  capture  of,  ii.  236 
Voltigeur,  capture  of,  ii.  163 

Waakzaamheid,  capture  of,  i.  497 
Walcheren,  expedition  to,  ii.  293 
Wareham  (U.S.),  shipping  destroved  at,  ii. 

453 
Warren  (U.S.),  shipping  and  stores  de- 
stroyed at,  i.  250 
Warren  Hastings,  capture  of,  ii.  168 
Washington,  capture  of,  ii.  478 
Washington,  the,  capture  of,  i.  228 
Wasp  captures  the  Frolic,  ii.  406;  is  cap- 
tured, 408 


Wasp  captures  the  Reindeer,  ii.  462 ; 
action  with  the  Avon,  465 

Weasel  captures  two  French  privateers, 
i.  158 

Weasel  destroys  six  trabacculos  at  Corfu, 
ii.  209  ;  destroys  a  squadron  of  gun-boats, 
423 

Weser.  capture  of,  ii.  442 

West  Indies,  atrocious  conduct  of  the 
Spaniards  in  the,  i.  137  ;  Nelson's  pur- 
suit of  Villeneuve  to,  ii.  95 

Weymouth  fishing  vessel,  privateer  cap- 
tured by  a,  i.  94 

Weymouth  sinks  the  Fougueux,  i.  94  ; 
captures  UAurore,  96 

Weymouth  and  Medway  capture  the  In- 
vincible, i.  89 

Whitehaven,  Paul  Jones's  attack  on,  i.  2Gl 

Wight.  Isle  of,  ravaged  by  the  French, 
i.  16;  battle  with  the  Dutch  off,  43; 
another  battle,  66 

Wilhelmina  engages  the  Psyche,  ii.  84 

Winchelsea,  the,  capture  of,  i.  1 1 3 

Winchester,  the,  captures  a  Flushing  pri- 
vateer, i.  125 

Windham,  capture  of,  ii.  321  ;  recaptured, 
332 

Windsor  captures  the  Due  de  Chartres,  i. 
196 

Windsor  Castle  (packet)  captures  the 
Jeune  Richard,  ii.  v09 

Wizard,  action  with  the  Requin,  ii.  230 

Wolf  captures  the  Napoleon  and  Regula- 
teur,  ii.  154 

Wolverine  beats  off  two  privateers,  i.  501  ; 
peculiarity  of  her  armament,  501 

Wolverine,  capture  of,  ii.  82 


Yarmouth  Roads,  battle  with  the  Dutch 
in,  i.  45  ;  Advice  captured  in,  127 

Yarmouth  engages  an  American  squadron, 
i.259 

Zante,  Cephalonia.  and  their  depem'  0- 

cies,  capture  of,  ii.  301 
Zebra,  her  services  at  Martinique,  i.  406 
Zephyr  captures  the  Senegal,  i.  301 
Zephyr,  capture  of,  ii,  296 
'Lease,  capture  of,  i.  345 


THE  END. 


PRINTED    BY    COX    (BKOTHEIts)    AM)   WYilAN,    GP.EAT   QCEEX   STKEE^ 


DA  70.A7  1 852  v2 


3  9358  00323158  3 


DA 
70 
A7 

1852 
v.2 


Allen,  Joseph 

Battles  of  the  British  navy. 
New  ed.,  rev.  and  enl.,  London, 
H.G.  Bohn,  1852, 

J23158 


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