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NOTICE  FOR  THE  BEOWULF  AUTOTYPES. 

THIS  book  was  meant  to  be  of  the  uzual  demy  8vo 
size  of  the  Society's  Texts,  and  the  Autotypes  were 
)rderd  of  that  size.  But  as  they  were  printed  with  a 
vide  margin,  it  seemd  too  cruel  to  cut  them  down. 
So  the  8vo  pages  of  type  have  been  printed  on  larger 
^aper,  to  suit  the  Autotypes ;  and  the  cutting  down  of 
he  book  to  range  with  the  Society's  other  Texts  is 
eft  for  those  Members  to  order,  who  like  thus  to  spoil 
he  look  of  their  copies. 

F.  J.  F. 

24  Nov.  1882. 


.. 


BERLIN:  ASHER  &  CO.,  53  MOHRENSTRASSE. 

NEW  YORK :  C.  SCRIBNER  &  CO. ;    LEYPOLDT  &  HOLT. 

PHILADELPHIA :  J.  B.  LIPPINCOTT  &  CO. 


AUTOTYPES      OF      THE      UNIQUE     COTTON     MS. 
VITELLIUS    A  xv    IN    THE    BRITISH    MUSEUM, 


WITH    A 

TRANSLITERATION  AND  NOTES 

BY 

JULIUS  ZUPITZA,  PH.D., 

PROFESSOR  OF  THE   ENGLISH   LANGUAGE    AND   LITERATURE 
IN   THE   UNIVERSITY   OF   BERLIN. 


|l 


ILotftfOtt  t 

PUBLISHED   FOR   THE    EARLY    ENGLISH   TEXT   SOCIETY, 
BY  K  TRUBKER  &  CO.,  57  &  59,  LUDGATE  HILL. 

MDCCCLXXXII. 


77. 


BUNGAY  :     CLAY   AND   TAYLOR,    THE    CHAUCEK   PRESS. 


PRELIMINARY  NOTICE. 


MR.  FURNIVALL,  at  p.  12  of  the  Eleventh  Report  of  the  Com 
mittee  of  the  Early  English  Text  Society  (September,  1879),  says  as 
follows :  "  On  Prof.  Skeat's  receiving,  to  the  Committee's  great 
pleasure,  his  well-earned  and  well-deserved  reward  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  Professorship  at  Cambridge,  he  proposed  that  the  Society 
should  autotype  the  unique  MS.  of  the  great  Anglo-Saxon  epic  of 
Beowulf.  The  Committee,  relying  on  finding  a  translator  and  editor 
of  the-  text,  adopted  Prof.  Skeat's  suggestion.  The  MS.  was 
photographed  by  Mr.  Praetorius ;  he  has  delivered  some  of  the 
autotypes,  and  undertakes  to  hand  in  the  whole  early  next  year. 
Part  I.  of  the  book  is  now  in  hand,  and  will  be  issued  for  1880  in 
1881." 

Before  that  Report  was  printed,  I  had  promised  Mr.  Furnivall  to 
act  as  editor.  I  collated  the  autotypes  in  the  August  and  September 
of  1880,  with  the  MS.  as  well  as  with  the  two  transcripts  of  it, 
made  nearly  a  hundred  years  ago — the  one  by,  the  other  for,  the  first 
editor  of  the  poem,  G.  J.  Thorkelin — which  now  belong  to  the 
Large  Royal  Library  at  Copenhagen,  but  which,  on  our  director's 
application,  were  kindly  sent  to  the  British  Museum.  After  my 
return  to  Germany,  however,  having  to  perform  the  duties  of  Dean 
to  the  Philosophical  Faculty  of  the  University  of  Berlin  for  1880- 
1881,  I  was  unable  to  go  on  with  the  Beoufrilf  before  the  long 
vacation  of  1881.  My  transliteration  of  the  MS.  was  in  type  by  the 
end  of  August,  1882,  and  I  read  the  proof-sheets  of  it  with  the  MS. 
in  the  earlier  part  of  the  following  month. 


Vi  PRELIMINARY   NOTICE. 

The  transliteration  contains  more  than  can  be  read  in  the  Facsimile 
or  even  in  the  MS.,  inasmuch  as  it  has  been  my  endeavour  to  give 
the  text  as  far  as  possible  in  that  condition  in  which  it  stood  in  the 
MS.  a  century  ago.  The  MS.  (Cotton  MSS.  Vitellius  A.  xv.) 
did  not  suffer  so  much  from  the  fire  of  1731  itself  as  from  its 
consequences,  which  would,  without  doubt,  have  been  avoided  if  the 
MS.  had  been  at  once  rebound  as  carefully  as  it  has  been  rebound  in 
our  days.  Even  when  Thorkelin  used  it,  the  edges  of  a  few  pages 
only  had  crumbled  off.  But  much  more  was  gone  by  Kemble's  time, 
and  many  letters  and  words  which  Kemble  still  saw  are  now  no 
longer  in  existence. 

Further  losses  have  been  put  a  stop  to  by  the  new  binding ;  but, 
admirably  as  this  was  done,  the  binder  could  not  help  covering  some 
letters  or  portions  of  letters  in  every  back  page  with  the  edge  of  the 
paper  which  now  surrounds  every  parchment  leaf.  I  grudged 
no  pains  in  trying  to  decipher  as  much  of  what  is  covered  as  possible. 
When,  in  my  notes,  I  simply  state  that  something  is  covered,  I 
always  mean  to  say  that,  by  holding  the  leaf  to  the  light,  I  was 
able  to  read  it  nevertheless.  In  case  I  could  not  make  out  what  is 
covered  distinctly,  I  always  add  a  remark  to  that  effect. 

Both  in  the  front  pages  and  in  the  back  pages  transparent  paper 
was  employed  by  the  binder,  which,  although  it  does  not  prevent  the 
reader  of  the  MS.  from  seeing  what  is  under  it,  was  yet  very  often  the 
cause  of  some  letters  or  parts  of  letters  being  reproduced  in  the 
Facsimile  indistinctly  or  not  at  all.  In  such  cases  I  have  not 
thought  it  necessary  to  add  notes. 

When  in  passages  which  are  defective  now,  Thorkelin's  transcripts, 
or  the  statements  of  Wanley,  Conybeare,  Kemble,  and  others,  seem 
to  me  to  leave  no  ground  for  doubt  as  to  the  former  reading  of  the 
MS.,  I  have  not  marked  in  my  transliteration  what  I  have  accepted 
on  such  secondary  evidence,  which  the  reader  will  find  mentioned  in 
the  notes.  In  general,  when  the  question  is  settled  by  Thorkelin's 
copies,  I  do  not  cit^any  later  authority. 

In  passages  which  were  illegible  or  defective  as  early  as  the  time 
of  Thorkelin,  or  even  of  Wanley,  I  employ  as  many  colons  as  letters 
seem  to  have  been  lost.  When  it  is  impossible  to  know  their 


PRELIMINARY    NOTICE.  Vll 

approximate  number,  I  use  three  or  more  dots.  In  some  instances  of 
the  first  kind  I  have  adopted  conjectural  readings  within  square 
brackets,  which  I  have  also  used  when  correcting  obvious  faults  in 
both  of  Thorkelin's  transcripts  without  the  help  of  a  later  authority. 
But  the  mistakes  of  the  original  scribes  (cf.  note  to  p.  89,  1.  4)  have 
of  course  been  left  untouched,  unless  corrected  by  themselves  or  by  a 
contemporary  hand,  in  which  case  the  reader  must  refer  to  my  notes. 
I  have  also  adhered  to  the  punctuation  of  the  MS.,  but  I  have 
hyphened  words  or  syllables  belonging  together ;  and,  on  the  other 
hand,  I  have  separated  by  a  vertical  line  two  words  wrongly  written 
as  one.  I  must  add,  however,  that  it  is  often  very  difficult,  if  not 
impossible,  to  decide  whether  the  scribe  intended  one  or  more 
words. 

The  Transliteration  corresponds  with  the  MS.,  and  hence  with 
the  FS.  (Facsimile),  page  by  page,  and  line  by  line,  with  the 
exception  of  two  leaves  (fol.  179  and  198 ;  cf.  pp.  102-5  and  142-5), 
which,  on  account  of  the  great  number  of  notes  necessary,  required 
four  pages  each,  so  that  the  Transliteration  has  144  pages  to  140  of 
the  FS.  To  the  numbers  of  the  pages  of  the  FS.  I  have  added,  in 
the  second  headline  of  each  page  of  the  Transliteration,  the  numbers 
of  the  folios  of  the  MS.,  and  of  the  corresponding  lines  in  Grein's 
edition.  Most  of  the  numbers  of  the  folios  are  visible  in  the  FS.  in 
the  right-hand  corner  of  the  upper  front  page,  but  the  numbers  in 
pp.  8  and  10  of  the  FS.  are  owing  to  the  photographer  only,  who  is 
also  responsible  for  the  pp.  4,  12,  14,  16,  20,  and  22  giving  in  the 
FS.  two  folio  numbers  each. 

My  warmest  thanks  are  due  to  the  authorities  both  of  the  Large 
Royal  Library  of  Copenhagen,  and  of  the  British  Museum,  especially 
to  my  friend  Mr.  E.  Maunde  Thompson,  the  Keeper  of  the  MSS.  in 
the  British  Museum. 

I  subjoin  a  list  of  abbreviations  made  use  of,  and  books  referred 
to,  in  my  notes. 

A]  Poema  anglosaxonicum  de  rebus  gestis  Danorum  ex  mem- 
brana   bibliothecae    cottonianae  .  .  .  fecit   exscribi  Londini 
A.D.  MDCCLXXXVII.     Grimus  Johannis  Thorkelin,  LL.D. 

B]  Poema   anglosaxonicum  de   Danorum   rebus   gestis  ...  ex 


Vill  PRELIMINARY   NOTICE. 

membranaceo  codice  ...  in  bibliotheca  cottoniana  .  .  .  ex- 

scripsit  Grimus  Johannis  Thorkelin,  LL.D.      Londini  anno 

MDOCLXXXVII. 
C]     Illustrations  of  Anglo-Saxon  Poetry.     By  John  Josias  Cony- 

beare,  London,  1826,  pp.  82-155. 

Gt]     Beowulf es  Beorh,  ved  Nik.  Fred.  Sev.  Grundtvig.     Copen 
hagen,  London,  and  Leipzig,  1861. 
Holder]     Beowulf  herausgegeben  von  Alfred  Holder.     I.  Zweite 

Auflage.     Freiburg  i.  B.  und  Tubingen,  1882. 
K]     The  Anglo-Saxon  Poems  of  Beowulf,  the  Traveller's  Song, 

and   the   Battle   of  Finnesburh,  ed.  by  John  M.  Kemble. 

Second  Edition.     London,  1835. 
Kolbing]     Zur  BeoVulf-handschrift.     Cf.  Archiv  fiir  das  Studium 

der  neueren  Sprachen  und  Literaturen,  herausgegeben  von 

L.  Herrig.     56.  Band.     Braunschweig,  1876,  pp.  91-118. 
Th]     The   Anglo-Saxon  Poems   of   Beowulf,  etc.,   by  Benjamin 

Thorpe.     Oxford,  1855. 
Thk]     De  Danorum  rebus  gestis  secul.  iii.  and  iv.  poema  danicum 

dialecto  anglosaxonica  ....  edidit  ....  Grim.    Johnson 

Thorkelin,  Havniae,  1815. 
W]     Antiquae  literaturae  septentrionalis   liber  alter,  seu  Hum- 

phredi  Wanleii  .  .  .  catalogus  historico-criticus  .  .  .  Oxoniae, 

1705,  p.  218. 
Wiilcker]     Bibliothek  der  angelsachsischen  Poesie,  begriindet  von 

Christian  W.  M.  Grein.     Neu  bearbeitet  von  Kichard  Paul 

WUlcker.     I.  Band.— 1.  Halfte.     Kassel,  1881. 

J.  ZUPITZA. 

Berlin,  S.W.,  Kleinbeerenstrasse  7 ; 
Nov.  18th,  1882. 


A  succeeding  Volume,  now  in  course  of  preparation,  will  contain 
a  Critical  Text  of  the  Poem  by  Prof.  Zupitza,  a  Translation  of  that 
by  Prof.  Napier,  Dissertations  on  the  Composition  and  on  the  Myth 
ological  and  Historical  Elements  in  Beowulf  by  Prof.  MullenhofF,  &c. 

F.  J.  F. 


BEOWULF. 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  or  THE  MS. 


p.  1  =  fol.  129r  =  11.  1—21. 

HW^T  WE  GARDE- 
na.  in|gear-dagum.  peod-cyninga 

J>rym  ge-frunon  hu^a  sebelingas  ellen 

fremedon.     Oft  scyld  scefing  sceajjena 
5     preaturn  *moneg^um  msegbum  meodo-setla  5 

of-teah  egsode  eorl  sy^^an  serest  wear<$ 

fea-sceaft  funden  he  baes  frofre  gebad 

weox  under  wolcnum  weor^-myndum  bah. 

o^S  ]>cet  him  seghwylc  bara  ymb-sittendra 
10     *  ofer  hron-rade  hyran  scolde  gomban  10 

gyldan  ]>cet  wees  god  cyning.  ftaem  eafera  waes 

sefter  cenned  geong  in  geardum  bone  god 

sende  folce  to] frofre  fyren-^earfe  on- 

geat"'*'p  hie  ser  drugon  aldor-[le]ase.  lange  15 

15     hwile  him  fses  lif-frea  wuldres  wealdend 

worold-are  for-geaf .  beowulf  waes  breme 

blsed  wide  sprang  scyldes  eafera  scede- 

landum  in.     *Swa  sceal  [geong  g]uma  gode  20 

ge-wyrcean  fromum  feoh-giftum.  on  faeder 

1  The  upper  part  of  E  in  GARDE  gone  ;  E  A,  e  (as  well  as  the  preceding 
Z>)  with  a  different  ink  B,  e  W. 

3  ellen  ABW  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

4  scea\>ena  W,  scea\>en  AB  as  well  as  the  MS.  now. 

0  the  blot  over/  in  of  recent  ||  feared  over  egsode  in  a  16th  century  hand  || 
wear^  AW,  weard  B ;  now  the  whole  of  tS  all  but  gone,  only  the  yery  top  of 
it  being  left. 

7  gebad  (d  added  with  a  different  ink  B)  ABW ;  now  d  gone  (no  accent 
on  the  a). 

10  a  letter  erased  between  liron  and  rade. 

14  £  generally  means  }>cet,  but  sometimes,  it  would  seem,  \>a  ;  cf .  JElfric's 
Grammar,  38,  3  ;  121,  4  ;  291,  2.  ||  aldor  .  .  .  ase  W,  aldor  .  .  .  .  ase  (r  altered 
from  n,  the  second  a  altered  from  some  other  letter,  and  an  erasure  before  it) 
A,  aldor  .  .  .  tise  B  ;  before  the  second  a  in  MS.  a  stroke  is  still  visible,  such 
as  generally  connects  an  e  with  a  following  a. 

15  the  second  d  of  rvealdend  cut  through. 

16  m  in  breme  cut  through  between  the  second  stroke  and  the  third. 

17  from  six  to  seven  letters  illegible  between  sceal  and  urna,  and  even  the 

u  not  quite  perfect ; ma  (ma  added  over  the  line)  A, 

ma  B. 

18; I9  e  both  in  gode  and  feeder  cut  through. 


Y>    ?^H   ""V*3 

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leop 


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beri     beiL 


iic  cr»iucoL'  cecL7^vii^tt    ii*.^    a    num 


buir)  bitium  ntvunum    mm  on 
j   ^%  TLiabma  m&ni^o   kaJnm  mii  fcol 

p^p  ^^  picmi  • 


*.u: 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 


Uo  z*3 


p.  2  =  fol.  129V  =  11.  21—46. 

: :  rme  \mt  hine  on  ylde  eft  ge-wunigen  wil- 

gesifas  ]>onne  wig  cume.  leode  ge-lsesten 

lof-daedura  sceal  *in  maegba  gehwaere  man  ge-  25 

Jjeoii.  him  ^a  scyld  ge-wat  to  ge-scaep-hwile 
5     fela-hror  feran  on|frean  waere  hi  hyne 

J>a  setbaeron  to  brimes  faro'Se  swaese  gesijms 

swa  he  self  a  baed  *]>enden  wordum  weold  30 

wine  scyldinga  leof  land-fruma  lange 

ahte.Jjaer  aet  hyfte  stod  hringed-stefna  isig 
10     ond  ut-fus  aejjelinges  faer.  aledon  ba  leofiie 

Jjeoden  *beaga  bryttan  on  bearm  scipes  35 

mser-ne  be  maeste  baer  waes  madma  fela 

of  feor-wegum  fraetwa  gelaeded.     Ne  hyrde 

ic  cymlicor  ceol  ge-gyrwan  hilde-waep-num 
15     ond  hea'So-waedum  *billum  ond  byrnum  him  on  bear-  40 

me  laeg  madma  maenigo  ba  him  mid  scol- 

don  on| nodes  aeht  feor  ge-witan.     Nalaes 

hi  hine  laessan  lacum  teodan  beod-gestreo- 

num  bon  ba  dydon  *be  hine  aet  frum-sceafte  45 

20     forS  onsendon  aenne  ofer  y^e  umbor-we- 

1  rme  C  K  Th;  rine  with  another  ink,  as  it  seems,  and  certainly  in  smaller 
characters,  after  a  blank  A  ;  rine  written  likewise  with  a  different  ink  and 
by  a  mistake  given  as  the  last  word  of  the  front  page,  afterwards  altered  to 
\>ine  B  ;  ine  Gt.  What  in  the  FS.  looks  like  part  of  a  letter  before  ne  is  owing 
to  a  small  hole  in  the  MS.,  but  there  is  really  before  the  n)  just  above  the  \>  of 
gesfyas,  a  stroke  left,  which,  however,  is  covered  as  well  as  another  stroke 
under  the  line  above  the  first  s  of  gesfyas  ;  the  upper  part  of  n  in  ne  is  also 
covered  ||  the  parchment  is  torn  between  ge  and  wunigen  ||  mil  AB  ;  now 
part  of  w,  almost  the  whole  of  i,  and  what  little  there  is  left  of  the  lower 
part  of  I  covered. 

a  the  g  in  gesfyas  all  but  perfect,  although  covered. 

3  I  and  a  small  part  of  o  in  lof  covered.  4  \>  in  \>eon  covered. 

5  /  and  part  of  e  in  fela  covered.  6  part  of  \>  in  \>a  covered. 

7  s  and  part  of  tv  in  swa  covered.  8  tv  in  mine  covered. 

17  ce  in  NalcBS  is  a  little  clearer  in  the  MS.  than  in  the  FS. ;  Nalces  A,  Na 
IcesE. 

19  \>on \>a  dydon  A,  \>on  \>a  dy-don  (the  hyphen  with  another 

ink)  B  ;  now  only  indistinct  traces  of  the  lower  part  of  \>  in  \>a  left,  and  y  in 
dydon  all  but  illegible,  but  the  rest  is  pretty  clear.  Kolbing  reads  \on  in  the 
MS.,  mistaking,  I  think,  a  bit  of  paper  pasted  over  the  word  for  a  mark  of 
abbreviation. 

B  2 


4  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  3  =  fol.  130r  =  11.  46—68. 
sende  f  a|gyt  hie  him  asetton  segen  g[yl]- 
denne  heah  ofer  heafod  leton  holm  beran 
geafon  on  gar-secg  him  waes  geomor  sefa 

*murnende  mod  men  ne  cunnon.  secgan  to  50 

5     so^e  sele-rsedenne  heeled  under  heofenuwi 
hwa  J?aem  hlaeste  on-feng. 

.1. 

T\  A.  wses  on  burgum  beowulf  scyl-dinga  leof 

leod-cyning  longe  frage  *f oleum  gefrse-  55 

10     ge  fseder  ellor  hwearf  aldor  of  ear-de 

oj>  f cet  him  eft  on-woc  heah  healf-dene  heold 

)>enden  lifde  gamol  ond  gu'S-reouw  glsede  scyl- 

dingas  Saem  feower  beam  forS  gerimed  *in  60 

worold  wocun  weoro-da  raeswa  heoro-gar.  ond 
1 5     hro^-gar  ond  halga  til  hyrde  ic  Ipcet  elan  cwen. 

hea^o-scilfingas  heals-gebedda  J?a  wses  hro^- 

gare  here-sped  gyfen  *wiges  weor^-mynd.  ]pcet  65, 

him  his  wine-magas  georne  hyrdon  o'S'S  f  cet 

seo  geo-go^  geweox  mago-driht  micel  him 
20     on  mod  be-arn  f  cet  heal-reced  hatan  wolde. 

1  sende  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  *  gone  [|  gyl~\  now  only  the  lower  part 
of  g  left ;  ge  AB  (but  e  with  another  ink  and  hand  A,  with  another  ink  B). 

2  beran  A,  bera  B ;  now  n  and  part  of  a  gone. 

4  to  AB ;  now  the  second  part  of  o  gone. 

5  heofenum  A,  Jieofcnum  B  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  u  and  the  abbrevia 
tion  for  m,  although  not  quite  gone,  yet  very  indistinct. 

8  leof  ABW  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  /  gone. 

9  gefrce  ABW  ;  ce  now  torn  asunder  and  part  of  it  gone. 

16  hro^  MS.,  not  hrod :  the  stroke  through  the  d  is  clearer  in  the  MS.  than 
in  the  FS. 

18  >£et]  the  stroke  through  the  \>  is  now  a  little  indistinct. 


iefine-  lieajjofsenlfeitf^    lecon  *•• 


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(C?~ 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION   OF   THE   MS.  5 

p.  4  =  fol.  130r  =  11.  69—91. 

medo-aern  micel  men  gewyrcean  *J>one  yldo  70 

beam  sefre  ge-frunon.  ond  baer  on  innan  call 

ge-dselan  geongum  ond  ealdum  swylc  him  god 

sealde  buton  folc-scare  ond  feorum  gumena. 
5     fta  ic  wide  ge-fraegn  weorc  ge-bannan  *manigre  75 

insBgbe  geond  bis-ne  middan-geard  folc-ste- 

de  frsetwan  him  on  fyrste  ge-lomp  aedre 

mid  yldum.  ])cet  hit  wearS  eal  gearo  heal-ser- 

na  msest  scop  him  heort  nanian  sejre  his 

10     wordes  geweald  wide  hgefde.     *He  beot  ne  80 

|  aleh  beagas  dselde  sine  set  symle  sele 

hlifa-de.  heah  ond  horn-geap  heaSo-wylma 

bad  b/San  liges  ne  waes  hit  lenge  bajgen 

\>cet  se  secg  hete  ajmm  swerian  *  sefter  wsel-ni-  85 

15     'Se  wsecnan  scolde.  ^a  se  ellen-gaest  ear- 

fo^lice  J?rage  gejjolode  sejje  in  ]}ystruw 

bad  $cet  he  dogora  ge-hwam  dream  gehyr- 

de.  hludne  in  healle  faer  wees  hearpan 

sweg  *swutol  sang  scopes  ssegde  se]?e  cupe  90 

20     frum-sceaft  fira  feorran  reccan  •  •  > 


1  medo  atrn  (originally cern ;  medo  with  a  different  ink  B)  BW, 

eern  ....  with  F  with  another  ink  before  it  A  ;  now  medo  quite  gone,  and 
part  of  ce  covered  ||  yldo  ABW  ;  it  seems  still  entire,  although  part  of  Id  and 
the  whole  of  o  covered. 

8  beam  (in  smaller  characters  A)  ABW ;  now  "be  and  part  of  a  gone,  or,  at 
least,  invisible  under  the  paper  pasted  over  it. 

3  ge-dcelan  A,  ged&lan  BW  ;  now.^  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

*  sealde  ABW  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  s  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as 
well  as  the  first  e  covered. 

5  $a  AB  ;  now  only  part  of  the  horizontal  stroke  of  $  left,  and  part  of  a 
covered. 

6  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  in  mceg\>e  covered. 

7  de  entire,  although  d  and  part  of  e  covered. 

8  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  mid  covered. 

10  the  dot  under  t  of  beot  seems  accidental. 

19  a  blot  under  co  in  scopes  \\  scede  originally,  but  g  inserted  in  the  same  hand. 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  5  =  fol.  132r  =  11.  92—113. 
]>cet  se  selmihtiga  eor^an  worli[te] 

wlite-beorhtne  wang  swa  wseter  be- 

buge^S  gesette  sige-hrebig  sunnan 

ond  monan  *leoman  to  leohte  land-buen-  95 

5     dum  ond  ge-frsetwade  foldan  sceatas 

leomum  ond  leafum  lif  eac  gesceop  cyn- 

na  ge-hwylcum  fara  ^e  cwice  hwyrfab[.] 

Swaj^a  driht-guman  dreamum  lif  don 

*eadig-lice  o^set  an  ongan  fyrene  fre[m]-  100 

10     man  feond  on  helle  wses  se|grim-ma  gsest 

grendel  haten  msere  mearc-stapa 

se  be  moras  heold  fen  ond  feesten  fifel-cyn- 

nes  eard  *won-sseli  wer  weardode  hwile  105 

sibftan  him  scyppend  for-scrifen  hsefde 
15     in  caines  cynne  bone  cwealm  ge-wrsec 

ece  drihten  fees  be  lie  abel  slog.     Nelge- 

feah  he  baere  faelrSe  ac  he  hine  feor 

for-wrsBC  *metod  for  fy  mane  mancynne  110 

fram  fanon  untydras  ealle  onwocon 
20     eotenas  ond  ylfe  ond  orcneas  swylce  gi- 

fol.  131  after  fol.  146.  l  crv<z%  A,  crv&d  (d  changed  to  %  with  another 
ink)  B ;  now  none  of  the  letters  unhurt,  although  w  is  all  but  entire  ;  $  might 
equally  well  be  d,  fs  is  torn,  c  has  suffered  most  ||  ce  in  celmihtiga  torn 
asunder  ||  eor^San}  a  tear  between  eor  and  Zan  ||  morJi  with  several  dots  after 
it  (with  a  different  ink  B,  orh  with  a  different  ink  on  dots  A)  AB  ;  now  only 
nearly  the  whole  of  ?v  and  the  beginning  of  o  left. 

2  be  (at  the  end  of  the  line)  AB ;  now  part  of  the  e  gone,  but  what  is  left 
of  it  is  enough  to  show  that  the  last  letter  was  not  i. 

3  snnnan  AB  ;  now  an  gone. 

4  buen  AB  ;  now  en  and  the  upper  part  of  the  second  stroke  of  u  gone,  the 
u  being  furthermore  torn. 

5  sceatas  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  the  last  s  gone. 

6  cyn  AB  ;  now  n  gone. 

7  hwyrfalp  AB  ;  now  \>  gone,  and  the  a  before  it  not  quite  distinct. 

8  lif  don  AB ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  o  and  the  whole  of  n  gone,  and  d 
torn  asunder  :   at  the  end  of  the  line  there  is  a  large  part  of  an  s,  which  I 
suppose  originally  belonged  to  symUe,  on  the  back  of  the  leaf  (1.  8),  but 
having  crumbled  off  there,  got  into  this  line. 

9  fre  AB ;  now  also  part  of  e  gone. 

10  gcest  AB  ;  st  not  quite  perfect  now. 

14  sct/ppen*:  the  correction  i 

15  caines  altered  from  cames. 


^  fl 


Jmr;  fcyp;peri^}iicp£ 

t  1 

cyn tt  er  boner  tyeainr  ^ V|<^S/ 

..  IT 


-  acl^  li 


me- 


. 


"<$(*<  Lerw  port  ^a 


•  11 


.par  fcineofuvn  fyfazti 
tie&n  liufef  1ui1itr? 


fpepm  ^ep 
portfceopt 


5p 


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:  u  L  J  7-   1 


0*1-5  f 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE    MS.  7 

p.  6  =  fol.  1327  ==  11.  113—134. 
gantas  pa  wiS  gode  wunnon  lange  f rage 
he  him  'Saes  lean  for-geald. 

.II. 

*n 

m     *  ewat  fta  neosian  syp'San  niht  becom  115 

5      \_>n    hean  huses  hu  hit  hring-dene  aefter 

beor-pege  gebun  haefdon.     Fand  pa|^5aer 

inne  aepelinga  ge-driht  swefan  aefter 

symble  sorge  ne  cirSon  *wonsceaft  wera  120 

wiht  un-haelo  grim  ond  graedig  gearo  sona 
10     waes  reoc  ond  repe  ond  on  raeste  genam  pritig 

pegna  panon  eft  gewat  huSe  hremig 

to  ham  faran  *mid  paere  wael-fylle  wica  125 

neosan.  ^Sa]w8es  on|uhtan  mid  ser-daege 

grendles  gu^S-craeft  gumum  undyrne 
15     J>a  waes  aefter  wiste  w6p  up  ahafen  micel 

morgen-sweg  maere  peoden  *ae])elmg  aergod  130 

un-bli^e  saet  polode  ^ry^-swy^  pegn-sorge 

dreah  sy^-pan  hie  paes  la^an  last  scea- 

wedon  wergan  gastes  waes  Ipcet  ge-win  to 
20     strang  la^  ond  long-sum  naes  hit  lengra 

1  o  ntas  originally,  but  altered  to  gantas  with  another  ink  (and  in  another 
hand,  too  ?)  A ;  ntas,  altered  to  gantas  with  a  different  ink  B  (on  the  front 
page)  ;  now  entirely  gone,  for  what  looks  like  the  remains  of  a  letter  in  the  FS. 
is  owing  only  to  a  tear  in  the  MS.  ||  wiS  torn  j|  the  upper  part  of  d  in  gode 
covered  ||  the  last  n  of  wunnon  was  covered  when  the  photograph  was  taken, 
but  is  visible  now  j|  the  tops  of  I,  g,  and  e  in  lange  covered  ||  \>rage  AB  ;   now 
e  and  the  tops  of  \>  and  g  gone,  a  and  part  of  \>  and  g  covered. 

2  Tie  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  part  of  h  in  him  covered. 
4  Geiveat  A,  Gewat  B  ;   Ge  now  gone. 

s  the  first  stroke  of  k  in  hean  all  but  entirely  covered. 

6  beor  AB  ;  now  b  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered.          7  i  of  inne  covered. 

8  symble  AB ;  now  sy  only  partially  preserved  (for  s,  cf.  the  note  to  1.  8 
of  the  front  page). 

9  w  in  tviJit  covered.  n  \>  in  \egna  torn  and  partially  covered. 


8  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION   OF   THE   MS. 

p.  7  =  fol.  133r  =  11.  134—158. 

fyrst  *ac  ymb  aue  niht  eft  gefremede  135 

morS-beala  mare  ond  no  mearn  fore 

faelrSe  ond  fyrene  wses  to  faest  on  Jam  ba 

wees  ea^-fynde  be  him  elles  hwaer  gerum- 
5     licor  raeste  *bed  sefter  burum  'Sa  him  140 

ge-beacnod  wees  gesasgd  soft-lice  sweoto- 

lan  tacne  heal-ftegnes  hete  heold  hy- 

ne  syft-ban  fyr  ond  fsestor  se  baem  feonde 

set-wand.     Swa  rixode  ond  wift  rihte  wan 
10     *ana  wift  eallum  oft  \oet  idel  stod  husa  selest  145 

waes  seo  hwil  micel  .xii.  wintra  tid  torn  ge- 

bolode  wine  scyldenda  weana  ge-hwelcne 

sidra  sorga  forftam  wearft  *ylda  bearnum  150 

undyrne  cuft  gyddur/i  geomore  fsstte  greii- 
15     del  wan  hwile  wi^  hrof-gar  hete-ni^Sas 

w?eg  fyrene  ond  fseh'Se  fela  missera  singa- 

le  saece  sibbe  ne  wolde  *wi:S  manna  hwone  155 

msegenes  deniga  feorh-bealo  feorran 

fea  fingian  ne  fser  nsenig  witena  wenan 
20     forfte  beorhtre  bote  to  banu  folmurw. 

1  fyrst  AB ;  now  no  more  of  it  visible  in  the  MS.  than  in  the  FS.,  only  t 
being  entire  ||  ymb  AB  ;  now  b  almost  entirely  gone  ||  eft  AB ;  now  t  and  part 
of/  gone  ||  gefremede  AB  ;  now  gone. 

2  fore  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  gone.  3  \>a  AB  ;  now  part  of  a  gone. 

4  gerwn  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  in  gone. 

5  him  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  m  gone. 

6  srveoto  ....  A,  smeoto  B ;  now  to  gone. 

7  hy  AB ;  now  only  h  and  the  lowest  part  of  y  left. 

8  feonde  AB ;  now  part  of  the  last  e  gone,  and  nd  torn. 
10  selest  AB  ;  now  t  not  entirely  preserved. 

80  beor^Jre :  the  correction  in  another  hand  [|  b  in  bote  altered  from  some 
other  letter  (t  ?)  in  the  same  hand. 


Tno\ 


ne    J/ent 

^ 
p^ji^ 

V  Cauurr;  c^T'^iVel  fco^  liu 
to  li|;ii  micet  ^u-piMrji^t',  T^  ^cop^'x 


Icttjtrtur 


ou    i 


e 


r 
o 


ii^a  peoji/i  Ijea 
p^t 


o 


?ti 


fe,irt<i<$e~  ^  ji«-:ae- 


k  ^ 

(i^^  he  ^ane-  1 

nttcei   ^ 


o.o\&inn  btf^art  '$  him 


- 


M  inmdVf  eptr* 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  9 

p.  8  =  fol.  133y  =  159—181. 

:  : :  :  seglseca  ehtende  waes  *deorc  deaj>-scua  160 

duguj>e  ond  geogojje  seomade  ond  syrede 

sin-nihte  heold  mistige  moras  men  ne 

cunnon  hwyder  hel-runan  hwyrftum 
5     scrifa'S  swa  fela  fyrena  feond  mancyn- 

nes  *atol  angengea  oft  gefremede.  165 

heardra  hyn'Sa  heorot  eardode  sinc- 

fage  sel  sweartum  nihtum  no  he  bone 

gif-stol  gretan  moste  ma)rtfam  for  nieto- 
10     de  ne  his  myne  wisse  *}>cet  wses  wrsec  micel  170 

wine  scyldinga  modes  brec^a  monig  oft 

gesset  rice  to  rune  rsed  eahtedon  hwset 

swrS-ferlr<Sum  selest  wsere  wi^  faer-gryriira 

to  ge-fremmanne.     *Hwilum  hie  gehe-  175 

15     ton  aet  hrserg-trafum  wig-weorjmnga 

wordum  bsedon  $cet  him  gast-bona  geoce 

gefreme-de.  wi^  J?eod-jjreaum  swylc  waes 

Jjeaw  hyra.  hae)>enra  hyht  helle  gemun- 

don  *in  mod-sefan  metod  hie  ne  cufon  180 

20     dseda  demend  ne  wiston  hie  drihten  god. 

"...  (blank  space  A)  ceglceca  elitende  AB  ;  now  ceglaca  as  well  as  the 
first  letter  of  ehtende  quite  gone,  but  the  lower  part  of  h  and  the  following 
letters  preserved,  although  what  is  left  of  h  and  the  top  of  te,  being  covered, 
do  not  appear  in  the  FS.  ||  deorc  AB  ;  now  de  no  longer  entire,  and  what  is  left 
of  the  two  letters  in  part  covered  [|  dea\>  still  entire,  but  in  part  covered  ||  scua 
AB  ;  now  na  gone  and  part  of  so  covered. 

2  dugu\>e  (du  with  a  different  ink  in  the  place  of  some  dots  B)  AB  ;  now 
only  igu\>e  left,  and  ^  and  the  upper  part  of  \>  covered  ||  the  abbreviation  for 
the  first  ond  and  the  following  g  partially  covered. 

3  sinmhte  A,  sin  nihte  B ;  now  s  gone,  and  the  first  i  and  the  first  stroke 
of  the  first  n  covered. 

4  cunnon  A,  curnon  with  nnon  written  with  a  different  ink  over  vnon  B ; 
now  only  innon  legible. 

5  s  and  part  of  c  in  scrfyaZ  covered. 

6  nes  AB  ;  now  only  s  (which,  however,  is  torn)  legible  ;  but  a  letter  or  two 
may  be  covered. 

7  heardra  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  7i  gone  and  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 

8  fage  AB  ;  now/<z  all  but  quite  gone  (what  little  remains  of  these  letters 
is  covered),  and  g  not  entire. 

9  9lf~\  9  covered,  /  torn. 

10, 11, 12,  is  tlie  firgt  lexers  of  these  lines  are  entire,  but  partially  covered. 


10  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  9  =  fol.  134'  =  H.  182—203. 
ne  hie  huru  heofena  helm  herian  ne 
cupon  wuldres  waldend  wa  brS  paem  'Se 
sceal  purh  sli^ne  nift  sawle  bescufan 

*in|fyres  fsepm  frofre  ne]wenan  wihte  ge-  185 

5     wendan  wel  brS  paam  pe  mot  sefter  dea'S- 
dsege  drihten  secean.  ond  to  feeder  fsepmum 
freofto  wilnian. 

.III. 

mael-ceare  maga  healfdenes  *singa-  190 

10     ^-/  la  sea^  ne  mihte  snotor  hseleft  wean  on- 

wendan  wses  \ae,t  ge-win  to  swy'S  lap  ond  long-sum  pe 

on|Sa  leode  becom  nyd-wracu  nip-grim  niht- 

bealwa  maest  \od  fram  ham  ge-frsegn  higela- 

ces  pegn  *god  mid  geatum  grendles  dseda  195 

15     se  wses  moncynnes  maegenes  strongest  on 

paem  dasge  pysses  lifes  sepele  ond  eacen  het 

him  y'S-lidan  godne  gegyrwan  cwaa^  he  gu^S- 

cyning  *ofer  swan-rade  secean  wol-de  mser-  200 

ne  peoden  pa  him  wses  manna  pearf  Eone 
20     si^-faat  him  snotere  ceorlas  lyt-hwon  logon. 

1  ne  hie  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  huru  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  h  gone  ||  heofena  AB  ;  now  h,  n,  a  in  part  gone  ||  helm  still  pretty  distinct 
in  MS.,  although  the  tops  of  h  and  I  are  gone  ||  ne  AB  ;  now  gone. 

3  bescufan  AB  ;  now  n  gone.  *  ge  AB  ;  now  the  e  indistinct. 

5  wendan  altered  from  rvenan  in  the  same  hand  (an  having  been  changed 
to  da  and  n  added). 

*  iS  in  dea&  has  shrunk  together. 

9  healfdes  altered  to  healfdenes  in  the  same  hand. 

19  a  in  \>earf  altered  from  r. 


-  jrflS^L^ 
IgWP^f? 

',*  +  +  im.  /*»<*     "m  if    /^tr  i^f       TI  y  i  i      «  A-*?  t  «       n  A-I     IA  «^%       ;%   %; 


p  juf  p^m  fpjpjte  nepeitan 
i  pel  o^T  j?^em  p 


ernorr 


vi 


n 

co  fj;^  lajjr-jLm^  fuw  ]?e- 
n^mutcu  -wbatim  nmr 
r  Imuim 


moncynncf  m&genef  i^jt-en^-^p  on 


rut^e  fececu?  po 
?n  W-lum  p^mjLnn^  p^li^ 
fnorrerte-  ctonLlf  1^  lit; 


I 


(b^on  {icjieamaf  Bunion 

on  bectttm  ntican 


w 


y 


u^u  iJU|1^e^Tle^- 


aji'jti 


«      r  »4  4 


C/ipU 


Ct    i  i 

.-/lit/   v 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  11 

p.  10  ==  fol.  134V  =  11.  203—228. 
J>eah  he  him  leof  waere  hwetton  hige-[r]ofne 
hsel  sceawedon  *  haefde  se  goda  geata  leoda  205 

cem-pan  gecorone  j?ara  ]>e  he  cenoste 

M 

findan  mihte.  xv.  sum  sund-wudu  sohte 
5     secg  wisade  lagu-crseftig  mon  land-gemyr- 

cu  *fyrst  for^S  gewat  flota  waes  on  y'Sum.  210 

bat  under  beorge  beornas  gearwe  on 

stefn  stigon  streamas  wundon  sund  wr<$  san- 

de  secgas  bseron  on  bearm  nacan  beorhte 
10     frsetwe  *gu:S-searo  geatolic  gum  an  ut  scu-  215 

fon  weras  on  wil-sift  wudu  bundenne.  gewat 

J?a  ofer  waeg-holm  winde  gefysed  flota  fa- 
mi-heals  fugle  gelicost  o^5  ]>cet  ymb  an-tid 

ojjres  dogores  *wunden-stefna  gewaden  hsefde  220 

15     \<zt  $a  IrSende  land  gesawon  brim-clifu  blican 

beorgas  steape.  side  sse-nsessas  jja|wses  sund 

liden  eoletes  aet  ende  fanon  up  hra^e  *we-  225 

dera  leode  on  wang  stigon.  sae-wudu  sseldon 

syrcan  hrysedon.  guft-gewsedo  gode  J?an- 
20     cedon  Jjaes  J?e  him  yf  lade  ea^e  wur-don. 

1  \>eah  AB  ,  now  nothing  left  but  some  traces  of  the  lower  part  of  h  ||  the 
upper  part  of  k  in  he  covered  ||  leof  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  I  gone  ||  mare 
Tiwetton  all  but  entire,  although  partially  covered  (cf.  FS.)  ||  hige  AB  ;  now 
the  tops  of  Ji  and  e  gone  ||  rofne}  ]>ofne  A,forne  B  ;  now  only  the  lower  part 
of  the  first  letter  left,  which  may  have  been  r,  )?,  /,  s,  or  rv. 

2  licel  AB ;  now  h  gone,  and  the  first  half  of  ce  covered  ||  od  in  leoda 
partially  covered,  the  d  being  furthermore  torn. 

s  cempan  AB  ;  now  c  gone  and  e  covered. 
4  f  in  findan  partially  covered. 


12  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  11  =  fol.  135r  =  11.  229—252. 

Jja  of  wealle  geseah  weard  scildinga  *se  fe  holm-  230 

clifu  healdan  scolde  beran  ofer  bolcan 

beorhte  raudas  fyrd-seara  fus-licu  hine 

fyrwyt  braec  mod-ge-hygdum  hwset  fa  men 
5     wseron.     Gewat  him  bajto  warofte  wicge  ridan 

*j>egn  hroft-gares  frymmum  cwehte  maegen-  235 

wudu  mundum  mebel-wordum  fra3gn.  hwset 

syndon  ge  searo-haabbendra  byrnum  were- 

de  be  bus  brontne  ceol  ofer  Iagu-stra3te 
10     Isedan  cwomon  *hider  ofer  hoi  mas  le  waas  240 

ende-sa3ta  aeg-wearde  heold  be  on  land  dena 

la'Sra  na3nig  mid  scip-herge  sce^ban  ne 

meahte  no  her  cu'Slicor  cuman  on-gunnon. 

*lind-haebbende  ne|ge-leafnes-word  gu^-  245 

15     fremmendra  gearwe  ne|wisson  maga  ge- 

medu  naefre  ic  maran  geseah  eorla  ofer 

eorjjan  'Sonne  is  eower  sum  secg  on  searwum 

nis  Ipcet  seld-guma  *wa3pnum  geweor^Sad  naafre  250 

him  his  wlite  leoge  sen-lie  ansyn  nu 
20     ic  eower  sceal  frum-cyn  witan  eer'ge  fyr 

1  \>a  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  the  top  of  h  in  geseah  gone  ||  \>e  AB  ;  now  the 
larger  part  of  e  gone  ||  holm  AB  ;  now  gone,  but  written  under  the  line  in  a 
modern  hand. 

5  ridan  AB  ;  now  an  and  part  of  d  gone. 

8  were  AB  ;  now  the  last  e  gone. 

10  le,  no  doubt,  not  Ic  ;  cf.  the  FS.  and  Ic,  fol.  160T,  1.  15. 

19  the  beginning  of  the  line  left  blank  on  account  of  a  defect  in  the 
parchment  (cf.  fol.  135T,  1.  19). 


I 


fcclie 


f  eajiu  ; 
*>^fci7tti  f,p 
AZ?  mm  pari?panabe- 

mum  cpet^re-  rnu: 
munl^um  metet  pojt^um  tLrut^ri-  lir 

en^jut  ly^inum  i 
j>e|uf  Ipn^ne-  ctol 

cyomon  mbcp, 
(ifet  ^petijioe- 

fcio  jj^t^e-  fct 
cuman 


ic  mafiaii  ^ctiii  eojila  o  . 
i  (um  fe 


M  .- 

fcml  putnn  cyn 


4*i  leaf  -feed 


< 


im  • 

onlezic  vefytre  ^um  cytintf 
*]J»5e-Licep 

lcwm 


-p 

^ 

na^en  *  ^e^^ 
l 


-  z;amo 
V 


<  ^    •< 

'?y     pike-  zjft>«J>  ebnpo)!'  pej?tirth  noib 


-£>ecemi  cmon 


•cei  .tjttii^e  ^fip'v:--         in   tie- 
re-  fum  j7ej^?7  ^^ 

if  ^A    ftforlz  ce- 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS.  13 

p.  12  =  fol.  135T  =  11.  252—273. 
heonan  leas  scea-weras  on  land  dena 

furjmr  feran  nu  ge  feor-buend  *mere-  255 

li^ende  mine  gehyra'S  an-fealdne  ge- 
]?oht  ofost  is  selest  to|ge-cy^5anne 
5     hwanan  eowre  cyme  syndon. 

JIII. 

Him  se  yldesta  emtfewarode  werodes  wisa 
word-hord  onleac  *we|synt  gum-cynnes  260 

geata  leode  ond  hige-laces  heor<S-ge-neatas. 
10     wses  min  faeder  f oleum  ge-cybed  sebele 

ord-fruma  ecgbeow  haten.  gebad  wintra 

worn  ser|he  on  weg  hwurfe.  *gamol  of  gear-  265 

dum  hine  gear-we  geman  witena  wel- 

hwylc  wide  geond  eorban.  we  burh  holdne 
15     hige  hlaford  binne  sunu  healf- 

denes  secean  cwomon  leod-ge-byrgeaii 

wes  J?u  us  lare-na  god.  *habba^S  we  to  baem  270 

mseran  micel  aeren-de  deniga  frean.  ne 

sceal  J>ser  dyrne  sum  wesan  bses  ic 
20     wene  bu|wast  gif  hit  is  swa  we.soblice 

1  lieonan  A,  heonon  B  ;  now  heo  and  part  of  the  first  n  gone,  and  what  is 
left  of  that  n  covered ;  but  heonan  (k  covered)  written  under  the  line  in  a 
modern  hand  ||  the  tops  of  s  in  n-eras  and  of  I  and  d  in  land  covered  ||  dena 
A,  Dena  B  ;  now  a  gone,  and  n  entirely,  de  in  part  covered. 

2  furfur  AB ;  now  the  upper  part  of  /  gone,  and  what  remains  of  it  as 
well  as  the  first  stroke  of  the  first  u  covered. 

3  Hn  li$ende  in  part  covered. 

4  ]poht  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  \>  gone.         5  Jiwanan  AB  ;  now  h  gone. 
7  Him  AB  ;  now  the  first  part  of  H  gone,  but  there  is  a  little  more  of  it 

preserved  than  is  reproduced  in  the  FS. 

11  originally  ec  }>eow,  g  being  added  in  the  same  hand. 

15  g  in  hige  altered  from  n  in  the  same  hand  ||  hlaford  crossed  out  after 
hlaford  in  MS. 

19  ic  covered  with  transparent  paper ;   the  end  of  the  line  blank  (of.  note 
to  fol.  135r,  1.  19). 

20  the  stop  is  inserted  to  divide  rve  from  so]>lice  ;  cf.  fol.  164T,  1.  9. 


14  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 
p.  13  =  fol.  136r  =  11.  273—297. 

secgan  hyrdon  \<%t  mid  scyldingum  scea'Sona 
ic  nat  hwylc.  *deogol  daed-hata  deorcum  275 

nihtum  eawe^S  purh  egsan  un-cu'Sne  ntfS 
hyn'Su  ond  hra-fyl  ic  paes  hro^-gar  maeg  Jmrh 
5     rumne  sefan  raed  gelaeran.  hu  he  frod.  ond 

god  fe-ond  ofer-swy^Sep  *gyf  him  edwendan  280 

aefre  scol-de.  bealuwa  bisigu  bot  eft 
cuman  ond  fa  cear-wylmas  colran  wur^Sap 
o'SSe  a|sypftan  earfoft-prage  prea-nyd 
10     polaS  fen-den  paer  wuna^S  *on  heah-stede  285 

usa  selest.  weard  mapelode  'Saer  on  wicge 
saet  ombeht  unforht  seg-hwaefres  sceal 
scearp  scyld-wiga  gescad  witan  worda 
ond  worca  sepe  wel  fenced  *ic  \oe,t  ge-hyre  paet  290 

15  pis  is  hold  weorod  frean  scyldinga  gewitaf 
forS  beran  waspen  ond  gewaedu  ic  eow  wisige 
swylce  ic  magu-pegnas  mine  hate  wiS 

feonda  ge-hwone  flotan  eowerne  *niw-  295 

tyrwydne  nacan  on  sande  arum  heal- 
20     dan  op^aat  eft  byre^S  ofer  lagu-strea- 

1  secgan  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  *  gone  (cf.  FS.)  ||  sceaZona  A,  scea'So 
($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B  ;  now  only  scea  left  (but  e  and  a  are 
not  entire). 

2  deorcum  AB  ;  now  the  two  last  strokes  of  m  gone. 

s  ni$  AB ;  now  the  upper  part  of  $  gone.          4  \>urJi  AB  ;  now  k  gone. 

5  frod.  7  A,  frod.  and  B  ;  now  a  small  part  of  o,  the  lower  part  of  d,  and 
the  abbreviation  for  ond  gone. 

6  edivendan  AB  ;  now  an  gone.  15  \>  in  gewita\>  torn. 


lim/lc 
ire  urn    tir^pe 

u  ^  f  yl   '4< 
ne    fer  ar?  jt 
ew^  opqt  f^y^ef 
fcol5e  lealup^t 
-j|>a,cea|t 


: 


^J  ^ 
boc  ef 


j?fijtutf  mme- 

plor^n 
o 

ly|t^r 


^ir 
fee 


ni  p 

>ie 


•  0&t 


onccrrofi    i 
n  rvathror/-     ^"     o 
fetticA  ba>-  Lrcre 

^  ^ 

pa-l 


ax 


nun  zro?ni 


metro 


|; 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  15 

p.  14  =  fol.  136T  =  11.  297—319. 

mas  leofne  mannan  wudu  wunden-hals 

to  weder-mearce  god-frem-mendra 

swylcum  gifebe  bi8  *]>cet  bone  hilde-nes  300 

hal  gedigeft.  gewiton  him  ba|feran  flota 
5     stille  bad  seomode  on  |  sole  sidfaebmed 

scip  on  ancre  fsest  eofor-lic  scionon 

ofer  hleor  beran  ge-hroden  golde  *fah  305 

ond  fyr-heard  ferh  wearde  heold  gubmod 

grummon  guman  onetton  sigon  aet- 
10     somne  ob  feet  hy  seltimbred.  geatolic  ond 

gold-fah  ongyton  mihton.  Tpcet  waes  fore- 

mserost  fold-buendum  *receda  under  310 

roderum  on  baem  se  rica  bad.  lixte  se 

leoma  ofer  landa  fela.  him  ba  hilde- 
15     deor  of  modigra  torht  ge-tsehte  bset 

hie  him  to  mihton  gegnum  gangan 

girS-beorna  sum  *wicg  ge-wende  word  315 

sefter  cwse^.  msel  is  me  to  feran  feeder 

alwalda  mid  ar-stafum  eow-ic|ge-heal- 
20     de.  sr$a  gesunde  ic  to  sse  wille 


1  mas  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  I  in  leofne  partially  covered  ||  Jials  AB  ;  now  the 
tops  of  all  the  letters  except  a  gone,  and  part  of  what  remains  of  them,  as  well 
as  part  of  a,  covered. 

2  to  AB  ;  now  t  gone,  and  o  covered. 

3  sw  in  smylcum  partially  covered.          4  Ji  and  part  of  a  in  hal  covered. 

5  stille  AB  ;  now  s  gone,  and  t  covered. 

6  scip  AB  ;  now  so  gone  (there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  vowel  of  that 
word  was  i,  not  y  ;  if  what  is  left  in  the  MS.  before  p  were  the  remains  of 
y  it  would  be  quite  differently  formed)  ||  fast  altered  fromfteft. 

7  ofer  AB  ;  now  the  first  part  of  o  gone,  the  second  covered. 

8  7  A,  and  B  ;  I  think  I  still  see  the  7  under  the  paper  nearly  entire  ||  part 
of  /  in  fyr  covered. 


16  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  15  =  fol.  137r  =  11.  319—339. 
wra'S  werod  wearde  healdan. 

.V. 

waes  stan-fah  stig  wisode  gumum.  320 

aet-gaedere  gvrtS-byrne  scan  heard 
5     hond-locen  hring-iren  scir  song  in  sear- 

wum  fa  hie  to|sele  furftum  in  hyra  gry- 

re-geat-wum  gangan  cwo-mon  *setton  325 

saemepe  side  scyldas  rondas  regn-hearde 

wi^  baes  recedes  weal,  bugon  balto  bence 
10     by  man  hring-don  girS-searo  gumena 

garas  stodon  sae-manna  searo  samod 

aet-gaedere  *aesc-holt  ufan  graeg  waesjse  330 

iren-freat  waepnum  ge-wur-fad  fa^aer 

wlonc  haeleS  oret-mecgas  aefter  haele- 
15     fum  fraegn.  hwanon  ferigea^  ge  faet- 

te  scyldas  graege  syrcan  ond  grim-helmas 

*here-sceafta  heap  ic  com  hro^-gares  335 

ar  ond  om-biht.  ne  seah  ic  elfeodige  f us 

manige  men  modiglicran.  wen  ic  Ipcet  gejfor 
20     wlenco  nalles  for  wraec-si^um.  ac  for  hige- 

1  wrafc  AB  ;  now  m  entirely  gone,  and  of  ra$  no  more  visible  than  is 
reproduced  in  the  FS. 

8  only  very  little  of  the  second  e  of  hearde  gone. 

14  nc  in  n-lonc  on  an  erasure. 

19  the  dot  after  \>cet  seems  accidental. 


I 


jenft 

137      ' 
V- 

rut;  pair  (%  ^e-  -5, 

S  In^tn^/^mr  W; 

locen    ])im    .jfcn         >  bn 


|?u?w  ^An^ui  c^ctnon 

(ibe-  fcylb^tf  |toi)><£f  ^ve^n    ^ 


r,,  r_     ^e-ceief  real-  bu.ston  lutro 
ill  •  I 


(I-e.nm.li 


^  upn 


>um      utt  •  f  ^ 


Jiejie-   ctewi'      tt    ic&ntittfj^r 


ic 
men  rno^lcjuw 


^ 

ftwtj  jiftt 


mm 


f  f 


mi  Ip  ^a  jt  rli  rt|>  elob  e^  1?  tvef  n  cri  ^  Li/  1 


?eazyt  Lnvr 


^ 


ice 
mii  i 


eu 


m 


pti  r 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  17 

p.  16  ='fol.  137T  ==  11.  339—360. 

brymmum  hro'S-gar  sohton.  *him  ba  ellen-  340 

rof  and-swarode  wlanc  wedera  leod.  word 

sefter  spraec  heard  under  helme  wejsynt 

hige-laces  beod-geneatas  beowulf  is 
5     min  nama  wille  ic  asecgan  sunn  healf- 

denes  *m8erum  beodne  min  serende.  345 

aldre  binum  gif  he  us  geunnan  wile 

\icet  we  hine  swa  godne  gretan  moton. 

wulfgar  mabelode  ]>cet  waes  wendla  leod 
10     waes  his  mod-sefa  manegum  gecy^Sed. 

*wig  ond  wis-dom  ic  bses  wine  deniga  frean  350 

scildinga  frinan  wille  beaga  bryt- 

tan  swa  bu  bena  eart  beoden  mser- 

ne  ymb  jjinne  sr<$.  ond  ]?e  ]?a  «?2t?sware 
15     cedre  ge-cy^an  *^e|me  se  goda  agifan  355 

fenced,  hwearf  J>a  hraed-lice  ]?3er  hro^- 

gar  sset  eald  ond  un-har  mid  his  eorla 

ge-driht.  eode  ellen-rof  Ipcet  he  for  eax- 

lum  gestod  deniga  frean  cuj?e  he 
20     dugu'Se  jjeaw.  *  wulfgar  ma^elode  360 

1  \>rymmum  with  another   ink  A,   ym  mitm  altered  to   Iprymmum  with 
another  ink  B  ;  now  \ry  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  m  covered  ||  the  tops  of  s 
and  Ji  in  sohton  covered  ||  the  upper  part  of  \>a  covered  ||  ellen  AB ;  now  n 
entirely  and  lie  partially  gone. 

2  r  in  rof  partially  covered. 

6  min  AB  ;   now  part  of  the  second  stroke  of  m  gone,  and  the  first  stroke 
of  it  covered. 

6  part  of  d  in  den*s  covered.         7  part  of  a  in  aldre  covered  (aldre  AB). 

BEOWULF.  0 


18  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS. 

p.  17  --=--  fol.  138r  =  11.  360— 37\ 

to  his  wine-driht-ne  her  syndon  gefere- 
de  feorran  cumene  ofer  geofenes  be- 
gang  geata  leode  pone  yldestan  oret- 
mecgas.  beowulf  nemnaft  hy  benan 

5     synt  *}ait  hie  peoden  min  wr3  be  moton  365 

wordum  wrixlan  no^u  him  wearne  ' 
ge-teoh  ftinra  gegn-cwida  glsedman 
hro^-gar  hy  on  wig-ge-tawum  wyriSe 
Jjincea^.  eorla  ge-sehtlan  huru  se 

10     aldor  deah  *se  paem.  hea'So-rincum  370 

hider  wisade. 

.VI. 

Hro^-gar  mapelode  helm  scyldinga 
ic  hine  cu^e  cniht-wesende  wses  his 
15     ealdfaeder  ecg-peo  haten  ^aeni  to  ham 

for-geaf  hrepel  geata  *angan  dohtor  375 

is  his  eaforan  nu  heard  her  cumen 
sohte  holdne  wine.  SSonne  ssegdon  Ipcet 
sselipende  pa^e  gif-sceattas  geata 
20     fyre-don  pyder  to  pance  ]>cet  he  .XXX 

1  Ids  B,  is  (tlio  is  instead  of  to  his')  A  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  /«.  and  of  s 
gone  ||  gefere  AB ;  now  only  ge  and  part  of  /  left. 

2  be  AB ;  now  only  partially  preserved. 

3  oret  AB ;   now  part  of  e  and  the  whole  of  t  gone. 

7  glcedmati  (altered  to  gladnian  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  I  think  the 
whole  word  is  still  in  the  MS.,  only  n  has  much  shrunk  together  (I  do  not 
doubt  that  the  MS.  has  111,  not  ni). 

16  dohtor  AB  ;  now  the  second  part  of  r  gone. 

17  h  in  his  altered  from  \>  in  the  same  hand. 

18  n  in  holdne  altered  from  r. 


THY 
twit  f 


t  2>eo1i 


h, 


t  /* 


lie! 


m 


^ 

ea£  Ii]te]?€t  ^&i<cfr  angatt  bok 
if  l«f  - 


c  e- 


f  y 

^ejt  mLcum&n 
n'etjpntw  ^* 


4   ^ 
rifte  h 


rifte    i  ne 


|trn 


npp 


(pa,  n 


t^n 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  19 

p.  18  =  fol.  138"  =  11.  379—401. 

V 

tiges  *  manna  msegen-crseft  on  his  nmnd-  380 

gripe  heaj>o-rof  hasbbe  hine  halig  god 

for  ar-stafum  us  on-sende  to  west-denu?^ 

J?ses  ic  wen  haebbe.  wr3  grendles  gryre 
5     ic  ))£em  godan  sceal  *for  his  mod-jjrse-ce  385 

madinas  beodan  beo^u  on  ofeste  hat 

in|gan  seon  sibbe  ge-driht  samod  ast- 

gaedere.  gesaga  him  eac  wordum  }>cet  hie 

sint  wilcuman  deniga  leodum  *word  in-  390 

10     ne  ahead,  eow  het  secgan  sige-drihteri 

min  aldor  east-dena  }>cet  he  eower  sejjelu 

can  and  ge  him  syndon  ofer  sse-wylmas 

heard-hicgende  hider  wilcuman  *nu|ge  395 

moton  gangan  in  eowrum  girS-geata- 
15     wum  under  here-griman  hro^-gar  ge- 

seon  lastaft  hilde-bord  her  on-bidan 

wudu  wa3l-sceaftas  worda  gejnnges. 

aras  J?a  se  rica  ymb  hine  rinc  ma- 
nig  *J>ryft-lic  Jjegna  heap  same  ]>&?  400 
20     hidon  hea^o-reaf  heoldon  swa  him  se 

1  tiges  AB  ;  now  tig  gone,  and  e  and  part  of  s  covered  j|  the  lower  part  of 
the  second  stroke  of  the  second  n  in  manna  faded  ||  the  tops  of  some  letters 
in  craft  and  his  covered  (cf.  FS.)  ||  inund  AB  ;  now  only  indistinct  traces  of 
the  word  left. 

2  gripe  AB  ;   now  the  upper  part  of  g  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as 
part  of  r  covered. 

3  part  of  /in  for  covered. 

4  \>ces  AB  ;  now  part  of  \>  gone,  and  what  remains  of  it  covered. 

ft  ic  AB  ;  now  gone  [|  \>cem  K  Gt  Th]  \cewi  (on  an  original  blank  in 
Thorkelin's  hand  A)  AB  ;  now  illegible  except  in. 

6  madmas  AB  ;  now  of  the  first  m  only  a  small  part  of  the  last  stroke  left. 

7  in  AB  ;  now  of  i  only  a  part  left,  and  that  covered. 

15  part  of  m  covered. 

16  a  very  small  part  of  s  covered  l|  I  think  the  scribe  originally  wrote  lidman 
(certainly  not  bid-wan"),  and  did  not  quite  succeed  in  erasing  m  afterwards. 

20  originally  rof,  altered  to  reaf  in  a  different  hand  by  adding  e  over  the 
line  (the  dot  under  the  line  shows  where  it  is  to  be  inserted),  and  changing  o 
into  a. 

C  2 


20  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  19  =  fol.  139r  =  11.  401—423. 

hearda  be-bead.  snyredon  set-somne  fa 

secg  wisode  un-der  heorotes  lirof  heard 

under  helme  feet  he  on  heo'Se  gestod.  *beo-  405 

wulf  ma'Selode  on  him  byrne  scan  searo- 
5     net  seowed  smibes  orfancum  wees  f u  hroft- 

gar  hal  ic  eom  hige-laces  mseg  ond  mago- 

'Segn.  haebbe  ic  maerSa  fela  ongunnen 

on  geogofe  me  wearS  grendles  fing.  *on  410 

minre  ebel-tyrf  undyrne  cu^  secgaft 
10     saeli'Send  feet  baes  sele  stande  reced  selesta 

rinca  ge-hwylcum  idel  ond  un-nyt  stf$3an 

sefen-leoht  under  heofenes  hador  be- 

holen  weorbe'S.  *ba  me  feet  gelaerdon  leode  415 

mine  fa|selestan  snotere  ceorlas.  peo- 
15     den  hro^-gar  feet  ic  fQ  sohte  for-Jjan  hie 

maegenes  crasf t  mine  cnfon.  selfe  ofer- 

sawon  ^a  ic  of  sear  warn  cwora.  *fah  from  420 

feondum  ]?93r  ic  fife  geband  y'Sde  eo- 

tena  cyn  ond  on  y^Surn  slog,  niceras 
20     nihtes  nearo-pearfe  dreah  wraec. 

1  hearda  AB  ;    now  he  entirely  and  the  first  a   and    d  partially  gone 
||  snyredon  AB  ;   now  the  top  of  s  gone  ||  somne  AB  ;  now  e  and  part  of  n 
gone  ||  \>a  (a  added  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  gone. 

2  heard  B  (2  heorotes — 3  on  omitted  in  A)  ;  now  rd  gone,  and  he  torn. 

4  searo  B,  seatvo  A  ;  now  ro  gone,  and  a  not  quite  distinct. 

5  a  letter  erased  between  wees  and  }>u  ||  hro%  A,  hrod  B ;  now  $  and  part 
of  o  gone. 

9  secga^  AB  ;  now  the  stroke  through  the  d  rather  indistinct. 


nomlilnr-  nef&tni 
' 


manegum  ^r 


iTtur;<-tiit 

r      ' 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  21 

p.  20  =  fol.  139r  =  11.  423—444. 

wedera  nr3  wean  ahsodon  for-grand  gra- 

mum  ond  nu  wiS  gren-del  sceal  *wi^  Ipam  425 

aglsecan  ana  ge-hegan.  'Sing  wrS  byrse 

ic  be|nufta  brego  beorht-dena  biddan  wille 
5     eodor  scyl-dinga  anre  bene.  bcefj'Su  me 

ne  forwyrne  wigendra  lileo  *freowine  430 

folca  nu  ic  bus  feor-ran  com.  ]>cet  ic  mote 

ana  minra  eorla  gedryht.  ond  bes  hear- 

da  heap  heorot  faelsian  haebbe  ic  eac 
10     geahsod  \cvt  se  seglseca  for  his  won-hydum 

wsepna  ne|recce&  *ic  \ast  bonne  for-hicge  435 

swa  me  higelac  sie  min  mon-drihteii 

modes  bltfSe.  ]>cet  ic  sweord  bere  ob'Se  sidne 

scyld  geolo-rand  to  gube.  ac  ic  mid 
15     grape  sceal  fon  wi'S  feonde  ond  ymb 

feorh  sacan  *la:5  wi^  lajmm  ^aer  gely-  440 

fan  sceal  dryhtnes  dome  sej>e  hine 

dea^  nime^.  wen  ic  ]>cet  he  wille  gif  he 

wealdan  mot  in  paem  gu^-sele  geo- 
20     tena  leode  etan  unforhte  swa  he 

1  nedra  A,  .edera  altered  to  wedera  with  another  ink  B  ;   now  only  a  and 
the  second  stroke  of  r  left,  but  part  of  a  and  what  remains  of  r  covered 
||  ahsodon  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  d  gone  ||  the  upper  part  of  nd  in  grand  covered 
jj  gra  AB  ;  now  a  and  part  of  gr  gone,  and  all  that  remains  of  r  and  the 
greatest  part  of  what  is  left  of  g  covered. 

2  mum  AB  ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  the  first  m  gone,  and  the  last 
stroke  of  it  partially  covered  ||  two  letters  erased  after  sceal? 

part  of  the  first  a  in  a  glee  can  covered. 

ic  AB ;  now  gone  ||  \>e  AB ;  now  part  of  J?  gone,  and  what  remains  of  it 
covered. 

eodor  AB  ;  now  eo  gone. 

ne  left  entire,  but  nearly  the  whole  of  n  covered. 
folca  AB ;  now  only  very  indistinct  traces  of  /  left  before  olca. 
13  dn  in  sidne  altered  from  other  letters.  19  geo,  not  gea  ;  cf.  FS. 


22  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  21  =  fol.  140r  =  11.  444—464. 

oft  dyde  *m8egen  hre^S-manna  na  pu  445 

min-ne  pearft  hafalaii  hydan.  ac  he 

me  habban  wile  deore  fahne  gif  mec 

dea'S  nime^.  byre^  blodig  wsel  byrgean 
5     fenced  ete'S  angenga  un-murnlice 

*mearca:S  mor-hopu  noj'Su  ymb  mines  450 

ne  f  earft  lices  feorme  leng  sorgi- 

an.     On-send  higelace  gif  mec  hild 

nime  beadu-scruda  betst  ]>cet  mine  breost 
10     were'S  hrsegla  selest  fycet  is  hraedlan  laf 

*welandes  ge-weorc  gae^  a|wyrd  swa  hio  seel.  455 

.VII. 

Hro^-gar  mafelode  helm  scyldinga 
fere  fyhtum  fu|wine  min  beo-wulf.  ond 
15     for  ar-stafum  us-ic|sohtest  ge-sloh 

fin  fseder  feeh^e  mreste.  *wear]j  he  460 

hea-fo-lafe  to  hand-bonan  mid  wilfingura 
^a  hine  gara  cyn  for  here-brogan 
habban  ne]rnihte.  fanon  he|ge-sohte 
20     su^-dena  folc  ofer  y^a  ge-wealc  ar- 

1  \>u  AB  ;  now  gone.  ~  he  distinct  in  the  MS. 

3  mec  AB  ;  now  part  of  c  gone. 

4  byrgean  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 
6  mines  AB  ;  now  s  torn  and  part  of  it  gone. 

9  breost  B,  breose  A ;  now  a  small  part  of  s  gone  (there  is  not  the  least 
doubt  about  the  last  letter  being  t). 


mm'  tie-lefctjtji*: 

Y 


ile- 


ac 


pal;  tie: 


ttioti  ftopu  TJOJU   xn;    nn/i 

101 


an 


nuwe-    Lea^u  fcpi^t  Lcc(r  ^nnne  bji 


itt  Ltt: 


5e  PC^jtc  5^1^  ap)/|i>  {pa  If  10  fed 


>iir 


"!or?   v^*77.'1  &"   '  "•>  I 

Ji  !wf4ei«i         &if  lierie^, 


tTiffivt«N/;/?   ^i^ttnlipTs^W^e   D' 
^^J^tpsg^^  ^ori  1C  0i 

fbiie  i^ 


neaif  fpou  • 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  23 

p.  22  =  fol.  14(T  =  11.  464—486. 

scyldinga  *:Sa  ic  furpum  weold  folce  de-  465 

ninga  ond  on  geo-go^e  lieold  giin  me  rice 

hord-burh  haelefa.  fca|wses  here-gar 

dead  min  yldra  maeg  unlifigende  "beam 
5     liealfdenes  se|waes  betera  ^onne  ic  *si^an  470 

f>a  faelrSe  feo  pingode.  sende  ic  wylfinguw 

ofer  waeteres  hrycg  ealde  madmas  he 

me  a]?as  swor.     Sorh  is  me  to  secganne 

on|sefan  minum  gumena  aengum  hwset 
10     me  grendel  hafa^.  *hyiri5o  on  heorote  475 

mid  his  hete-J)ancum  fser-nrSa  gefremed 

is  min  flet-werod  wig-heap  gewanod  hie 

wyrd  for-sweop  on  grendles  gryre  god 

ea]?e  mteg  Jjone  dol-scea^an  daada  ge- 
15     twaefan.     *  Ful  oft  gebeotedon  beore  480 

druncne  ofer  ealo-wsege  oret-mecgas 

fycet  hie  in  beorsele  bidan  woldon  grend 
les  gujje  mid  gryrum  ecga.  ¥>onne  wees 

Jieos  medo-heal  on  morgen-tid  *driht-  485 

20     sele  dreor-fah  Jjonwe  dseg  lixte.  eal 

1  scyldinga  A,  Scyldinga  B;  now  scyl  gone,  and  part  of  d  covered  ||  weold 
MS.,  not  weald :  the  o  looks  like  a  in  the  FS.  in  consequence  of  an  accidental 
dot  under  it  ||  de  entirely  preserved,  but  partially  covered. 

2  ninga  MS.,  but  almost  the  whole  of  the  first  n  covered. 

5  liealf  A,  Healf  B  ;  now  h  gone,  except  a  small  part,  which  is  covered  ; 
part  of  e  is  likewise  covered. 

6  \>a  AB  (but 5  si^an — 6  sende  added  in  A  by  Thorkelin) ;  now  the  greatest 
part  of  \)  gone. 

8  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  the  first  me  almost  entirely  covered. 

14  sc  a%an  MS.,  the  correction  in  another  hand. 

19  there  is  an  erasure  of  about  three  letters  between  medo  and  heal. 


'24  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  M&. 

p.  23  =  fol.  Hlr  =  11.  486—501. 

benc-belu  blode  bestymed  heall  heoru- 

dreore  ahte  ic  holdra  f  y  laes  deorre 

duguSe  fe  fa  dea'S  fornam  site  nu  to 

symle  ond  on  ssel  meoto  *  sige-hre^  socguwt  490 

5     swa  fin  sefa  hwette.  pa]wses  geat- 

msecgum  geador  setsom-ne  on  beor- 

sele  benc  gerymed  f  aer  swi^-ferhfe 

sittan  eodon  fry^Sum  dealle  f egn 

nytte  be-heold  *sefe  on  handa  baer  195 

10     hroden  ealo-wsege  scencte  scir  wered 

scop  hwilum  sang  hador  on  heorote 

fser  waes  haele^a  dream  dugu^  un-lytel 

dena  ond  wedera. 

.YIII. 


H 


15        II    VN-fer3  mafelode  ecglafes  be 
am  *f>e  set  fotum  saet  frean  scyldi-  500 
nga.  on-band  beadu-rune  wses  him 
beo-wulfes  si^  modges  mere-faran 
micel  seff unca.  for-fon  f e  he  ne 
20     ufe  fycet  senig  o^er  man  sefre 

1  benc  B,  bene  A ;  now  the  top  of  b  gone  ||  heoru  (u  altered  from  n  with 
another  ink  A)  AB  ;  now  u  gone. 

3  to  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  the  right  part  of  the  cross-stroke  of  t  almost 
quite  faded. 

4  I  see  sec-gum  quite  distinctly  in  the  MS. 

20  between  man  and  cefre  there  is  an  erasure  of  from  four  to  five  letters. 


ahce-i 


•Spa  I 
m^c 

fele- 


n 


^'^V  S*1^..^ 
on  be? 


ti 
< 


^e  fc.encce-  fcip- 
fang 


]?elietv e^ 


- 


^olpipe-  onieop 


alinu 


fzjienm  en^mim; 


ye« 


lm 


y 


t-p|\  rir 
nine  on 


1  1  en  in  npai-iHOi  -  oonon    liege- 


frutn 


pole  t 


bui/i 


ykj 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE    MS.  25 

p.  24  =  fol.  141T  =  11.  504—523. 

maerSa  ]?on  ma  middan-geardes.  *ge-  505 

hedde  under  heofenum  jjonrce  he  sylfa 

eart  }>u  se  beo-wulf  se  Jje  wtfS  brecan 

wunne  onjsidne  sse  ymb  sund  flite 
5     ^aer  git  for  wlence  wada  cunnedon 

ond  for  dol-gilpe  on  deop  waeter  *aldrum  510 

ne]?don  ne  inc  aenig  mon  ne  leof 

ne  la^  be-lean  mihte  sorh-fullne 

sift  J?a  git  on  sund  reon.  beer  git  ea- 
10     gor-streara  earmum  behton  mse- 

ton  mere-strae-ta  mundum  brug- 

don  *glidon  ofer  gar-secg  geofon  y}m??2  51 0 

weol  wintrys  wylm  git  on  wseteres  ajht 

seofon  niht  swuncon  he  ]?e  aet  sunde 
15     ofer-flat.  haefde  mare  mrogen  fa 

hine  on  morgen-tid  on  heaf  orsBines 

holm  up  aat-baer.  *ftonon  he|ge-sohte  520 

swaesne.  eftel.  leof  his  leodum  lond 

brondinga  freo^o-burh  faegere 
20     faer  he  folc  ahte  burh  ond  beagas. 

1  mcer%a  A,  nuerda  B  ;   now  m,  which  seems  to  be  still  all  but  entire, 
covered  except  small  portions  of  its  two  last  strokes  I]  the  top  of  the  s  in  geardes 
covered  ||  the  top  of  e  in  ge  covered. 

2  the  first  stroke  of  li  in  hedde  covered. 

5  %xzr  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  $  gone. 

6  the  tops  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  and  of  /  in  for  covered. 

8  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  ne  covered. 

9  git — reon  a  little  indistinct  in  consequence  of  moisture. 


26  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  25  =  fol.  142r  =  11.  523—544. 

beot  eal|wr<!S  fe  sunu  beanstanes  so^e 

gelseste.  *Sonwe  wene  ic  to  fe  wyrsan  ge-  525 

Jiingea  'Seah  fu  hea^o-rsesa  ge-hwaer 

dohte  grimre  gu'Se  gif  f  u  grendles 
5     dearst  niht-longne  fyrst  nean  bidan 

beo-wulf  mafelode  beam  ecg-beowes 

*hwaet  ]?u  worn  fela  wine  min  hun-fer^  530 

beore  druncen  ymb  brecan  sprsece 

ssegdest  from  his  srSe  so^  ic  talige 
10     \as,t,  ic  mere-strengo  maran  ahte  ear- 

fefo  on  yfum  'Sonne  seiiig  ofer  man. 

*wit  ])cet  ge-cwsedon  cniht-wesende  ond  ge-  535 

beo-tedon  waeron  begen  pa  |  git  onlgeogo^- 

feore  f cet  wit  on  garsecg  ut  aldruni 

f 

15     ne^-don  ond  \cet  ge-sefndon  swa.  haefdon  swurd 

nacod  fa|wit  on]sund  reon  *  heard  on  540 

handa  wit  unc  wr3  hron-fixas  werian 

fohton.  no  he  wiht  frani  me  flod-ypim 

feor  fleotan  meahte  hrafor  on  hol- 
20     me  no  ic  fram  him  wolde.  ^a  wit  set- 

1  so$e  altered  from  sode  with  another  ink  B,  sode  A  ;  now  only  so  and  very 
little  of  the  lower  part  of  <S  left. 

2  ge  (at  the  end  of  the  line)  AB  ;  now  gone. 

3  r  in  geliwar  torn.  4  grendles  AB  ;  now  es  gone. 
5  bidan  AB  ;  now  dan  gone. 

7  Jiun  ferS  A,  Hunferd  B  ;  now  part  of  $  gone. 
13  o"  :  the  correction  in  a  different  hand. 


l<jrifHe 
trip.  m<  t|>elo 

^teEr  .Vuf  <J'tri1  p^I^  y  iti  ^ 
'    ' 


iat   o 
tr:  ij.ne  fTiion        t  y  epta 


ie-  on(jr 


1 


h 


mejie; 

-e-  f  rV  It&utn  I  JC 
'u-eipe 
i  on  b 


kep-5>e- 


^. 


or, 


e-  nih 


m/w 


Jreki(» 


) 
^*^ 


'  Vmk  f 


tezroti 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  27 

p.  26  =  fol.  142V  =  11.  544—565. 

somne  on  see  wseron  *fif  nihta  fyrst  545 

ob  \oe,t  unc  flud  to-draf  wado  weallende 
wedera  cealdost  nipende  niht.  ond  norban 
wind  hea'So-grim  ond  hwearf  hreo  waeron 

5     yba  wses  mere-fixa  mod  on-hrered.  *baer  550 

me  wrS  la^um  lic-syrce  min  heard  hond- 
locen  helpe  ge-fremede  beado-hraegl 
broden  on  breostum  loeg  golde  ge-gyr- 
wed  me  |  to  grunde.  teah  fah  feondscafta 

10     faeste  haefde.  *grim  on  grape  555 

hwaebre  me  gyfebe  wearS  ]>xt  ic  aglaecan 
orde  geraehte  hilde-bille  heabo-raes 
for-nam  mihtig  mere-deor  burh  mine 
.VIIII.  [hand 

mec  ge-lome  laft-ge-teonan  *breate-  560 

don  bearle  ic  him  benode  deoran  sweor- 
de  swa  hit  ge-defe  waes  naas  hie  ^aere 
fylle  ge-fean  haefdon  man-for-daedlan 
\<zt  hie  me  begon  symbel  ymb-saeton  sse- 
20     grunde  neah.  *ac  on  mergen-ne  mecwn  565 

1  somne  AB ;  now  s  gone,  and  o  and  the  first  stroke  of  m  covered  ||  the 
greatest  part  of  the  accent  over  see  covered. 

2  o\>  AB ;  now  the  first  part  of  o  gone,  and  the  second  covered. 

3  wedera  AB ;  now  part  of  tv  gone. 

4  mind  AB ;  now  tv  gone,  and  i  covered.  5  y\>a  AB ;  now  y  gone. 
8  the  b  of  brogden  torn. 

10  after  grape  from  seven  to  eight  letters  (hmafyere  ?)  erased. 
15  the  big  S  all  but  entire,  although  partially  covered. 


28  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  27  =  fol.  143r  ==  11.  565—588. 

wunde  be  y'S-lafe  uppe  Isegon  sfreojYJluw 

aswefede  f cet  sy'S-fan  na  ymb  bront-ne 

ford  brim-li^ende  lade  ne|let-ton  leoht 

eastan  com  *beorlit  beacen  godes  brimu  570 

5     swafredon  fcef|ic  sae-naessas  ge-seon  milito 

windige  weallas  wyrd  oft  nere^S  unfaegne 

eorl  fonne  his  ellen  deah.  hwaefere  niejge- 

saslde  fcetf  ic  mid  sweorde  of-sloh  *niceras  575 

nigene  no  ic  on  niht  gefraegn  under  heo- 
10     fones  hwealf  heardran  feohtan  ne  on  eg- 

streamum  earmran  maniion.  hwafere 

ic  fara  feng  feore  gedigde  sifes  werig 

^5a]mec  s»  of-bser  *flod  setter  faro'Se  on  580 

fin-na  land,  wudu  weallendu  no  ic  wiht  fram 
15     fe  swylcra  searo-ni^a  secgan  hyrde 

billa  brogan  breca  nsefre  git  set  hea^o- 

lace.  ne]ge-hw8ej?er  incer  *s\va  deorlice  585 

daed  gefremede  fagum  sweordum  nojic 

paes  gylpe  fean  ^$u  f inum  bro^-rum  to 
20     banan  wurde  heafod-maegum  foes  pu]in 

1  STveodum  A,  gwe  .  .  B,  swefyrdum']  K  ;  now  only  swe  and  the  beginning 
of  o  left. 

2  bront  ne  A,  bront  ™  (ne  with  a  different  ink)  B  ;  now  after  bront  only  a 
very  thin  piece  of  the  first  stroke  of  n  left. 

3  leokt  A,  '""  with  another  ink  B ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  very  lowest 
part  of  le. 

14  mudu,  not  wadu,  without  the  least  doubt ;  an  a  open  at  the  top  does  not 
occur  so  late  in  English  MSS. 


,-;-••  '  —  i-'       « - 


tin    n{l^]ld^  ^^^^  5**p 

psft  Wn  ic 


netle 

'  "    1      1  " 

vox?  hejmtut 

' 


-  ..     • 

on^eon  fifev 
ie  mp  seeD 


^ 

geliettpe 
or? 


I  v  I 


rnom& 


ie 


^tro  pei 


He  j^an^n  fcobe-  epr 
ne  ^efececui  pole  ope  prteo  ku 


l^ 


a  mic 


lit 


aeitm 


a?  p  y 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE   MS.  29 

p.  28  =  fol.  143T  =  11.  588—608. 

helle  scealt  werhfto  dreogan  f  eah  fin 

wit  duge.  *secge  ic  f  e  to  so'Se  sunu  ecg-  590 

lafes  f cet  nsefre  gre-del  swa  fela  gryra 

gefremede  atol  seglaeca  ealdre 
5     f  inum.  hyn^o  on  heorote  gif  fin  hige 

wsere  sefa  swa  searo-grim  swa  f  u  self 

talast.  *ac  he  hafa'S  on-funden  Ipcet  he  595 

fa  faelrSe  ne  f  earf  atole  ecg-f  rsece 

eower  leode  swrSe  onsittan  sige- 
10     scyldinga  nyme'S  nyd-bade  nae-negum 

ara^.  leode  deniga  ac  he  lust  wigeft. 

*swefe:S  ond  sendef.  secce  ne  wenef  600 

to  gar-denuin  ac  ic  him  geata  sceal 

eafo^  ond  ellen  un-geara  nu  guf e  ge- 
15     beodan  gaef  eft  sefe  mot.  to  medo 

modig  siffan  morgen-leoht  *ofer  605 

ylda  beam  of  res  dogores  sunne 

swegl-wered  suf an  seined,  fa  wses 

on  salum  sinces  brytta  gamol- 
20     feax  ond  guft-rof  geoce  gelyfde 

1  helle  (on  an  original  blank  in  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  the  last  e 
left,  and  that  covered  ||  \>eah  \>in  entire,  although  partially  covered. 

2  wit  dug :  (a  letter  erased)  A,  ...  nigt  B  ;   now  nit  and  the  greater  part 
of  d  gone,  e  in  duge  altered  from  another  letter  (w?). 

3  lafes  A,  \>eoves  B  (B  sometimes  has  v  for  ?y)  ;  now  only  es  and  the  lowest 
part  of  /  left. 

5  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \>  in  \>inum  covered. 

6  a  small  part  of  w  in  tvcere  covered. 

15  efn :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand. 


30  SEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  29  =  fol.  H4r  =  11.  609—629. 

brego  beorht-dena  gehyrde  on  beo- 

wulfe  *folces  liyrde  fsest-rsedne  610 

ge-poht  ftaer  wses  hselepa  hleahtor 

hlyn  swynsode  word  waeron  wynsume 
5     code  wealh-peow  foii:S  cwen  hroft-gares 

cynna  gemyndig  grette  gold-hro- 

den  guman  on  healle.  *ond  fa  freolic  615 

wif  ful  ge-sealde  aerest  east-dena 

epel-wearde  bsed  hine  bli'Sne  set  paere 
10     beor-pege  leodum  leofne  he  on  lust 

ge-feah  symbel  ond  sele-ful  sige-rof 

kyning  *ymb-eode  pa  ides  helminga  620 

dugu-pe  ond  geogope  dsel  seghwylcne 

sinc-fato  sealde  op  \cet  sael  alamp  pset 
15     hio  beowulfe  beag-hroden  cwen  mode 

ge-pungen  medo-ful  set-bser.  *  grette  625 

geata  leod  gode  pancode  wis-fsest 

wordum  pses  ^Se  hire  se  willa  gelamp 

]>cet  heo  on  senigne  eorl  gelyfde  fyrena 
20     frofre  he  }>cet  ful  ge-peah  wsel-reow  wiga 

1  'brego  AB  ;  now  part  of  "bre  gone  (cf.  FS.)  []  beorht  AB ;  now  the  top  of 
J  gone  ||  beo  A,  Beo  B  ;  now  gone. 

3  heleahtar  A,  hleaJitan  B,  hleahtor  C  K  Gt ;  there  can  even  now  be  no 
doubt  that  the  MS.  reads  hlcahtor,  although  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  r  is  gone,  so  that  it  may  be  mistaken  for  n  (the  o  is  quite  distinct). 

5  \>ecP :  corrected  in  the  same  hand. 

9  }>cere  AB  ;  now  e  almost  entirely  gone. 


^  "* 

--  ^»-  - .     ^ff  ^ 

WiT 


.cp  en 


no, 


Wile  •/•        j 


i^mlel  "jfelepl 


e- 


i 
f 


^ai/  (ceu    a^jtlic  elien  ajde- 
i((V  m 


on 


-  o 


^s  liuo^en-  prtedlicu  poic  open 
' 

(p 


or/ 


rti 


-  oj?|  far?  nrri^  funi? 

^^^^^ 

sefeou 

1  1i 

br  oei  enut  hei 


nt 


ma 


/"     \  • 
jc^ctpu   fqujan  cpo-m,  -ft] 

i  * 

•. 

b  eqlL  ui'Uif  •  .^|it 
ijio^^au  oCojn.jij: 


v, 

t    ol 


lcr/u 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  31 

p.  30  =  fol.  144V   =  11.  629—654. 

8dt  wealhjjeon.  *ond  J?a  gyddode  gujje  gefysed  630 

beowulf  maj?elode  beam  ecg-beowes.  ic  J?aet 

hogode  J)a|ic  on  holm  gestah.  ssebat  ge- 

sset  mid  minra  secga  ge-drilit  \(%t  ic  ammga 
5     eowra  leoda  *willan  gevvorlite  obfte  on  wsel  635 

crunge.  feond-grapum  fsest  ic|ge-frem- 

man  sceal  'eorlic  ellen  ojj^e  ende-dseg  on 

)>isse  meodu-healle  minne  ge-bidan.  ftam  wife 

pa  word  wel  licodon  *gilp-cwide  geates  code  640 

10     gold-hroden.  freo-licu  folc-cwen  to  hire 

frean  sittan.     JpaVaes  eft  swa  ser  in-ne  on 

healle  fryft-word  sprecen  'Seod  on  sselum  sige- 

folca  sweg  oj>  \azt  sem-ninga  *sunu  healf-denes  645 

secean  wolde  aefen-raeste.  wiste  J?sem  alilaecan 
15     to|)>sein  heah-sele  hilde  ge-binged.  stfS'San  hie 

sunnan  leoht  ge-seon  meahton  o]?^e  ni- 

pende  niht  ofer  ealle  *scadu-helma  ge-  650 

sceapu  scri^an  cwoman  wan  under  wolcnuw 

werod  eall  aras.  grette  ]?a  guma  ojjerne 
20     hro'S-gar  beowulf  ond  him  hael  abead.  win-semes 


1  cet  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  mealli\>eon  B,  mealhmeon  A  ;  now  w  and  part  of  the 
first  e  gone  ||  f>  in  \>a  torn  and  partially  covered  ||  gyddode  AB  ;  now  the  top 
of  the  first  d  gone  ||  the  top  of  U\>B  in  gu\>e  covered  ||  gefysed  AB  ;  gef  is  still 
entire,  although  partially  covered,  but  of  ysed  very  little  is  left  and  that  so 
covered  that  only  traces  of  y  and  s  appear  in  the  FS. 

2  leowulf  A,  Beowulf  B  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  b  gone,  and  almost  all 
that  remains  of  b  covered  (cf.  the  FS). 

3  part  of  h  in  hogode  covered.  *  s  in  sat  covered. 
5  e  in  eowra  covered.                     6  c  in  crunge  covered. 

7  the  first  stroke  of  ni  in  man  covered. 

11  frean  B,  eau  with  a  blank  before  it  A ;  now  only  can  and  the  second 
part  of  r  distinct,  less  distinct  is  the  first  part  of  r,  and  /  is  so  faded  that 
only  indistinct  traces  of  it  are  left. 


32  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS. 

p.  31  =  fol.  145'  =  11.  654—676. 

geweald  ond  \cet  word  acwae'S.     *]STsefre  ic  senegmra  655 

men  aer  alyfde  sij^an  ic  hond  ond  rond  heb- 
ban  mihte  'Sryf-aern  dena  buton  f>e  nu^Sa 
hafa  nu  ond  ge-heald  husa  selest  ge-myne 

5     mserfo  maegen-ellen  cyft  *waca  wi^  wrafum.  660 

ne  biS  f  e  wilna  gad  gif  Jm  \ost  ellen-weorc  aldre 
.X.  [ge-digest 

T\A  him  hrojj-gar  gewat  mid  his  hae- 

lefa  gedryht  eodur  scyldinga  ut 
10     of  healle  wolde  wig-fruma  wealh-feo  se- 

can  *cwen  to|ge-beddan  haefde  kyning  665 

wuldor  grendle  to-geanes  swa|guman 

ge-frungon  sele-weard  aseted  sundor-nyt- 

te  be-heold  ymb  aldor  dena  eoton-weard 
15     ahead  huru  geata  leod  georne  tmwode 

*modgan  maagnes  metodes  hyldo.  fta|he|hiw  670 

of  dyde  isern-byrnan  helm  of  hafelan 

sealde  his  hyrsted  sweord  irena  cyst  om- 

biht-fegne  ond  ge-heal-dan  het  hilde-geatwe 
20     *ge-sprsec  fa|se  goda  gylp-worda  sum.  beowulf  675 

1  the  first  line  is  perfect^  distinct  in  the  MS.  2  5  in  lieb  torn. 


rfj-i  aie- 
mi  lir 


mi  ol^t  ^010, 


eo*poii 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  33 

p.  32  =  fol.  145T  =  11.  676—697. 

geata  ser]he  on  bed  stige  no  ic  me  an 

here-wsesmun  hnagran  talige  gu]?-ge- 

weorca  J?on-ne  grendel  hine  for-J>an  ic 

hine  sweorde  swebban  nelle  *aldre  beneo-  680 

5     tan  J?eah  ic  eal  maege  nat  he  fara  goda 

feet  he  me  ongean  slea  rand  geheawe  feah 

5Se  he  rof  sie  nij>-ge-weorca  ac|wit  on  niht 

sculon.  secge  ofer-sittan  gif  het  ge- 

secean  dear.  *wig  ofer  waepen  ond  sij^an  witig  685 

10     god  on|swa  hwae]?ere|hond  halig  dryhten  maer- 

'So  deme  swa  him  ge-met  jjince.  hylde 

hine  J>a  heajjo-deor  hleor-bolster  on- 

feng  eorles  and-wlitan  ond  hine  ymb  monig 

*snellic  s^e-rinc  sele-reste  gebeah.  nsenig  690 

15     heora  pohte  \ast  he  fanon  scolde  eft  eard 

lufan  aafre  gesecean  folc  ojj^e  freo-burh 

]?a3r  he  afeded  wees,  ac  hie  haefdon  gefrunen 

\ost  hie  ser|to  fela  micles  *in  paam  win-sele  695 

wasl-dea'S  fornam  denigea  leode  ac  him 
20     dryhten  for-geaf  wig-speda  ge-wiofu. 


1  the  top  of  b  in  bed  covered,  d  torn. 
BEOWULF. 


34  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  33  =  fol.  146'  =  11.  697—718. 

wedera  leodum  frofor  ond  fultum  \ast  hie 

feond  heora  'Surh  anes  craft  ealle 

ofer-comon  *selfes  militum  so^  is  gecy-  700 

fed  ]>cet  mihtig  god  manna  cynnes  weold  [w]ide- 
5     ferh'S  com  on  wanre  niht  scrrSan  scea- 

du-genga  sceotend  swaefon  fa  f cet  horn- 

reced  healdan  scoldon.  *  ealle  buton  an  urn  705 

f cet  wses  yldum  cuf  f cet  hie  ne  moste  fa  metod 

nolde.  se  syn-scaf  a  under  sceadu  breg- 
10     dan.  ac  he  wseccende  wrafum  on  andan 

bad  bolgen-mod  beadwa  gef  inges. 


.XL 

*T\a  com  of  more  under  mist-hleofum  gre-  710 

ndel  gongan  godes  yrre  baer  mynte 
15     se  man-sca^a  manna  cynnes  sumne  be- 
syrwan  injsele  fam  bean  wod  under  wolc- 

num  to  faes  fe  he  win-reced  *gold-sele  gume-  715 

na  gearwost  wisse.  faet-tum  fahne  ne 
waes  f  set  forma  srS  f  cet  he  hrof  gares  haw 
20     gesohte.  nsefre  he  on  aldor-dagum  ser 

1  fultum  (um  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  fu  still  entire,  but  the  top  of 
I  gone,  and  of  turn  only  some  traces  left  ||  $  hie  A,  that  hie  with  another  ink 
B  ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \). 

4  wide~\  ride  (with  another  ink  B)  AB ;  now  nothing  left  but  part  of  the 
perpendicular  stroke  of  the  first  letter  :  it  may  have  belonged  to  w,  r,  ]>,  /,  or  *. 

6  scea  (cea  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  the  lower  part  of  so  left. 

7  anum  A,  anum  B  ;  now  the  abbreviation  for  m  and  the  second  stroke 
of  u  gone. 

8  metod  AB  ;  now  d  almost  entirety  gone.  15  l>e  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

16  wole  with  a  different  ink  B,  mole  A  ;  now  only  part  of  the  perpendicular 
stroke  of  tv  left. 

17  gume  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

18  fahne  looks  in  the  FS.  just  as  in  the  MS.,  owing,  it  seems,  to  an  accidental 
blot  or  dash. 


•  On 


Ai*rt  w  fa-  ki    pn  apt 


ma  5-0  tin; 
ahlc^*  rnnce 


tipper  lice  ]>a 

*••• 


e-ii    w 


m 


hr  InrV 


t 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  35 

p.  34  =  fol.  146T  =  11,  718—740. 

ne  si}>$an  heardran  hajle  heal-'Segnas 

fand  *com  J>a  to|recede  rinc  simian  drea-  720 

mum  bedseled  duru  sona  on-arn  fyr- 

bendum  faest  syb'Sau  he  hire  folmum 
5     [ge-hr]an.     On-braed  J>a  bealo-hydig  'Sa 

[he  ge-]bolgen  waes  recedes  muban  raj>e 

sefter  J?on  *on|fagne  flor  feond  tred-  725 

dode  code  yrre-mod  him  of  eagum  stod 

ligge  gelicost  leoht  unfseger.  geseah  he 
10     in  |  recede  rinca  manige  swefan  sibbe 

ge-driht  samod  aet-gaedere  *mago-rin-  730 

ca  heap  fa  his  mod  ahlog.  mynte  baet 

he|ge-daelde  aerbon  dseg  cwome.  atol 

aglaeca  anra  gehwylces  lif  wr<$  lice  ba 
15     him  alum-pen  wses  wist-fylle  wen|ne  waes 

J>ce£  wyrd  J?a|gen.  *])cet  he  ma  moste  manna  735 

cynnes  'Sicgean  ofer  ba  niht  bry'S-swy'S 


be-heold  maeg  hige-laces  hu|se 


man- 


scafta  under  faer-gripum  gefaran  wol- 
20     de.  ne  Ipcet  se  aglseca  yldan  bohte  *ac  he|ge-  740 

1  nes  ib%an  A,  styZan  (without  ne)  with  another  ink  B  ;   now  ne  and  the 
tops  of  s,  p  and  $  gone,  and  a  considerable  part  of  what  is  left  of  si\>%an 
covered  ||  part  of  he  in  heardran  covered  ||  heal  ^egnas  entire,  but  partially 
covered,  of.  the  FS. 

2  /  in  fand  covered. 

3  the  first  m  in  mum  almost  entirely  covered  ||  o  in  on  altered  from  s. 

4  "bendum  A,  ...  duni  altered  to  bendum,  with  a  different  ink  B  ;  now  ben 
gone,  and  part  of  d  covered. 

5  gehran~]  a  blank  A,  ...  an  B  ;  now  an  (altered  from  am,  it  seems)  still 
visible,  and  what  precedes  an  may  be  r  with  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke 
gone  ;  but  I  am  not  so  positive  about  the  preceding  letter  being  h  as  Kolbing 
and  Wiilcker  are. 

6  he  gebolgen] lolgen  A, bolgen  B,   [he~\  abolgen  K  ; 

now  bolgen  is  still  distinct,  and  before  it  I  think  I  see  traces  of  two  letters  of 
which  the  first  seems  to  have  been  g  ;  but  what  preceded  this  is  entirely  faded. 

7,  s,  9  on]v  verv  smau  portions  of  the  first  letters  (<#,  d,  I)  covered. 

15  him  AB;  the  word  is  still  almost  entire,  only  the  very  lowest  part  of 
the  first  stroke  of  h  having  been  lost. 

16  •£  wyrd  A,  .yrd  altered  to  myr%  with  another  ink  B  ;  now  only  rd 
entire,  of  y  the  greater  part  left,  and  before  it  a  very  slight  trace  of  tv  covered, 
•J5,  for  which  there  was  room  enough  at  the  beginning  of  the  line,  entirely  gone. 

D   j 


36  BEOWULP :    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS. 

p.  35  =  fol.  131r  =  11.  740—762. 

feng  hra'Se  forman  srSe  slaependne 

rinc  slat  unwearnum  bat  ban-locan  blod 

edrum  dranc  syn-snsedum  swealh  sona 

hsefde  un-lyfigendes  eal]gefeormod.  *fet  745 

5     ond  folma  for^  near  setstop  nam  }»a  mid  han- 

da  hige-fihtigne  rinc  on|rseste 

rsehte  on-gean  feond  mid  folme  he  on- 

feng  hrafe  inwit-f ancum  ond  wtfS  earm  ge- 

sset  *sona  \cet  onfunde  fyrena  hyrde  \wt  he  750 

10     ne  mette  middan-geardes  eorfan  sceat- 

ta  on  elran  men  mund-gripe  maran 

he  on  mode  wear^S  forht  on^ei-lrSe  no  f  y 

ser  fram  meahte  *hyge  waes  him  hin-fus  755 

wolde  on  heolster  fleon  secan  deofla 
15     ge-drseg  ne  wses  his  drohto'S  paer  swylce 

he  on  ealder-dagum  aer  gemette.  ge- 

munde  pa]se  goda  maeg  hige-laces  aefen- 

sprsece  up-lang  astod  *ond  him  fseste  wi^-  760 

feng  fingras  burston  eoten  wses  ut- 
20     weard  eorl  furfur  stop  mynte  se  msera. 

1  feng  AB :  now  the  upper  part  of  fe  gone  ||  slcependne  AB  ;  now  the  last 
e  all  but  entirely  gone  (in  the  FS.  the  stroke  between  d  and  n  is  owing  to  a 
tear  in  the  MS.). 

2  blod  AB  ;  now  d,  the  second  part  of  o,  and  the  top  of  I  gone. 

4  fet  (the  t  afterwards  added  B)  AB  ;  now  t  and  part  of  e  gone. 

5  han  A,  ban  B  ;  now  only  Ji  left. 

6  after  r&ste  an  erasure  of  some  five  letters,  of  which  the  first  seems  to 
have  been  h,  the  second  possibly  was  a. 

15  *  in  his  altered  from  m. 


we-  ii 


ge-  iiteijiie-  .  JMWC 


Iftr  fo«a,  ' 


£in^Ul 


I 

)v« 

'*-    m>pf 


i  >  -  v 


>        ^>i 

J//m  Am 


on 


' 


In^elaccf 


:  »u  J  ca'  ; 


tr  c 


% 


^1  V 


'  v*  <  *•-  -  - 


1 
bu 


r  beet? 


i    i 
mme 


pi,c<U7 


p 


-   U 


bti 


t  o 


p 


m 


m 


KEQWULF :    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  37 

p.  36  =  fol.  131T  =  11.  762—782. 

hwaer  he  meahte  swa.  widre  gewindan  ond 

on  weg  Jjanon  fleon  on'fen-hopu  wiste 

his  fingra  geweald  *on|grames  grapum  765 

J?8et  he  waes  geocor  sift  ]pcet  se  hearm-sca- 
5     J?a  to  heorute  ateah.     dryht-sele 

dynede  denum  eallum  wearft  ceaster-bu- 

endum  cenra  gehwylcum  eorlum  ealu 

scerwen  yrre  wseron  begen.  *rebe  ren-  770 

weardas  reced  hlynsode  ba|\v£es  wundor 
10     micel  }cet  se  win-sele.  \vi3-hsefde  heabo- 

deorum  faefc  he  on  hrus-an  ne|feol  fseger 

fold-bold  ac  he  baes  faeste  w*s.  in-nan  ond 

utan  iren-bendum  *searo-boncum  besmi-  775 

bod  bser  fram  sylle  abeag.  medu-benc 
15     monig  mine  gefraege  golde  geregnad 

baer  J>a  graman  wunnon  baes  ne  wend  on 

ser  witan  scyldinga  ]>cet  hit  a] mid  gemete 

manna  aenig.  *hetlic  ond  ban-fag  tobre-  780 

can  meahte  listum  tolucan  nymbe 
20     liges  faejjm  swulge  on  swajnile  sweg 

1  Jiwcer  (Jiw  with  another  ink,  and  crossed  out  in  pencil)  B,  .  .  .  ccr  A  ; 
now  only  the  lower  part  of  r  left  (the  stroke  between  it  and  he  in  the  FS.  is 
owing  to  a  tear  in  the  parchment)  ||  he  AE  ;  now  the  top  of  h  gone  ||  gewindan 
7  (and  B)  AB  ;  gemindan  seems  to  be  entirely  preserved,  although  all  its  letters 
except  ge  are  more  or  less  covered,  and  an  cannot  be  quite  made  out  under  the 
paper  ;  after  it  the  abbreviation  for  ond,  the  top  of  which  seems  to  be  gone,  is 
covered. 

8  on  AB  ;  now  o  and  the  first  stroke  of  n  gone. 

3  his  B,  omitted  A  ;  now  h  gone,  and  i  covered. 

4  \>cet  B,  rcet  A  ;  now  gone  (what  seems  to  stand  before  he  in  the  MS.  is 
/  at  the  end  of  1.  4  of  the  front  page,  showing  through  the  parchment). 

5  \>a  AB  ;  now  \>  and  part  of  a  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  a  covered. 

6  dynede  AB  ;  now  dy  gone,  and  n  not  quite  distinct. 

7  endum  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

8  scern'en  AB ;  now  the  middle  of  s  gone  in  consequence  of  a  tear,  and 
what  is  left  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  c  covered  (the  letter  after  r  is,  without  any 
doubt,  tv,  not  p  :  cf .  p,  e.  g.  in  hopu  and  grapum,  11.  2  and  3). 

9  part  of  iv  in  neardas  covered. 

14  d  in  \>od  altered  from  some  other  letter  in  the  same  hand. 
16  part  of  \>  in  ]pcer  covered. 


38  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  37  =  fol.  147r  =  11.  782—804. 
up  astag.  niwe  geneah-he  nor<5-denum  stod 

atelic  egesa  anra  gehwylcum  *para  pe  785 

of  wealle  wop  ge-hyr-don.  gryre-leo'S  ga- 
lan  godes  cw6?sacan  sige-leas-ne  sang  sar 

5     wanigean.  helle-haBfton  heold  hine 
fseste  sepe  manna  waes  msegene  stron 
gest  *on  psem  dsege  pys-ses  lifes.  790 


N' 


.XII. 

'olde  eorla  hleo  senige  pinga  pone 
10     ^-  ^    cwealm-cuman  cwicne  forlsetan.  ne 

his  lif-dagas  leoda  senigum  nytte 

tealde  p8er|ge-nehost  brsegd  *eorl  beo-  795 

wulfes  ealde  lafe  wolde  frea-driht- 

nes  feorh  ealgian  maeres  Jjeod- 
15     nes  'Sser  hie  meahton  swa.  hie  pcef|ne  wiston 

pa  hie  ge-win  drugon  heard-hicgende 

hilde-mecgas.  *  ond  on  healfa  ge-hwone  hea-  800 

wan  pohton  sawle  secan  pone  syn-sca^an. 

senig  ofer  eorpan  irenna  cyst  gu^-bil- 
20     la  nan  gretan  nolde.  ac|he  sige-wsepnum 

I  stod  AB  ;  now  od  gone. 

5  \>ara  is  quite  distinct,  although  a  small  part  of  r  gone  [|  \>c  AB  ;  now  only 
part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \>  left,  e  gone. 

3  leo$  MS.,  not  lead  (a  small  part  of  the  stroke  through  d  gone)  ||  ga  AB  ; 
now  gone. 

4  sar  AB;  now  gone.  5  nothing  after  Tiine  AB. 

6  stren  AB  ;  now  en,  and  the  lower  part  of  the  second  stroke  of  r  gone. 

9  \>one  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  gone. 
>• 

II  angum :  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

14  after  feorh  an  erasure  of  about  five  letters  (feorh  ?). 


jut  5  e4  py  1  vimi 


^e-  poise-  jpjtea  ^|u//^ 


nef  i^v  1 

^aliie-  56-  PU? 
iitUe  mec^af-  "jon 

|?oJjrw  faple-  fecan   pone  (XM 
-  ^P^  toucan  inenna,  cyfc  ^ 
la 


aon  ^  .z;e  i?eal  „ 

I  • 

1 

f  epe~ 


7  a  cvn  tie^  pyjtene-  ; 

"^liim  felic.lioma/ 

ac]iine: 


tic  fa^t  ^e  boX  arp/9i^ 

j^ 

1  1 

,  on  fpptirt  5017  *bupfr^w  bar? 


U  e^Vtt  ;.(!3ceni7  ,  |?  y  n  I  ^zf  y  i  c  pip 

u:  L     ]»  1?  if  at  .  Atiq^.  ii 

'' 


|  ? 
r 

:|: 


'^ 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  39 

p.  38  =  fol.  H7T  ==  1J.  804—827. 

for-sworen  hsefde  *ecga  gehwylcre  scolde  805 

his  aldor-gedal  on|^aem  daege  Jjys-ses 

lifes  earm-lie  wurSan  ond  se  ellor-gast 

on  feonda  ge-weald  feor  srSian.  ^a  J>aet 
5     on-funde  se]>e  fela  seror  *  modes  myrSe  810 

manna  cynne  fyrene  gefreme-de.  he 

fag  wf3  god  J>ce£|him  se|lic-homa  laestan 

nolde  ac  hine  se|modega  maeg  hygela- 

ces  hsefde  be  honda  waes  ge-hwae-)>er  o^rum 
10     *lifigende  la^  lic-sar  ge-bad  atol  aeglseca  815 

him  on  eaxle  wearS  syndolh  sweotol  seo- 

nowe  onsprungon  burston  ban-locan 

beowulfe  wearS  gu^-hreS  gyfe]?e  scolde 

grendel  Jjonan  *feorh-seoc  fleon  under  820 

15     fen-hleo!Su  secean  wyn-leas  wlc  wiste  J>e 

geornor  ]76e#|his  aldres  wses  ende  gegongen. 

dogera  daeg-rim  denuni  eallum  wear^  aefter 

Jjam  waelrsese  willa  ge-lumpen.  *haefde  fajge-  825 

fselsod  sefe  aar  feorran  com  snotor  ond 
20     swy^-ferh^  sele  hroft-gares  genered 


1  for  AB  ;  now^b  and  a  small  part  of  r  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  what 
is  left  of  r  covered  ||  gehwyVre  :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand  ||  part  of  Id 
in  scolde  covered. 

2  Ms  AB  ;  now  h  gone,  and  i  and  a  small  part  of  s  covered  ||  part  of  a  in 
aldor  covered. 

3  lifes  AB  ;  now  lif  gone,  and  e  and  part  of  s  covered. 

4  on  (altered  from  en  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  gone  |]  /  in  feonda 
covered. 

5  onfunde  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  the  first  n  and  part  of  /covered. 

6  manna  AB  ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  gone,  whereas  the  third  is 
only  covered. 

7  fag  AB  ;  now  /gone,  and  part  of  a  covered  :  there  was  no  room  for  wees 
before  fay  (cf.  the  FS.). 

8  nolde  A,  volde  altered  to  ivolde  with  another  ink  B  ;  now  part  of  n  gone, 
and  the  rest  of  it  and  the  very  beginning  of  o  covered. 

9  ces  AB  ;  now  c  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

10  I  in  lifigende  covered.  "  part  of  h  in  Mm  covered. 


40  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS. 

p.  39  =  fol.  H8r  =  11.  827—849. 
nrSe  niht-weorce  ge-feh  ellen-mser-Jwm 
hsefde  east-denum  geat-mecga  leod  gilp 

gelaested.     *Swylce  on-cyf'Se  ealle  gebette  830 

in-wid-sorge  J?e  hie  ser  drugon  ond  for  J>rea- 
5     nydum  folian  scoldon  torn  un-lytel 

J?OB^|w86s  tacen  sweotol  syf^an  hilde-deor 

hond  alegde  *earm  ond  eaxle  fser  waes  eal  835 

geador  grendles  grape  under  geapne  hr[of.] 

.XIII. 

10     I\A  wses  on  morgen  mine  gefraege  ymb 
}?a  gif-healle  gu^-rinc  monig  ferdon 

folc-togan  feorran  ond  nean  *geond  wid-  840 

wegas  wundor  sceawian  lafes  lastas 

no  his  lif-ge-dal  sarlic  fuhte  secga 
15     senegum  fara  fe  tir-leases  trode 

sceawode  hu  he  werig-mod  on  weg  fanon 

*ni:Sa  ofer-cumen  on  nicera  mere  fsege  845 

ond  ge-flymed  feorh-lastas  bser. 

wses  on  blode  brim  weallende  atol 
20     ge-swing  eal  ge-menged.  hat  on  heolfre 

1  mcer  \>um  A,  mcer  .    .B  ;  now  urn  and  the  upper  part  of  \>  gone. 

2  9^P  quite  distinct  in  MS. 

3  gebette  AB  ;  now  lette  gone.  4  \>rea  AB  ;  now  gone. 
5  un  lytel  AB  ;  now  the  last  I  and  almost  the  whole  of  e  gone. 

8  hr  .  .  B, A ;  now  only  h  left. 


•b  elta 


fcot    on  ro^r?  u 

(f  eo  -col  f  yf^tn  fit  I  & 
eajtm 


-VM  ^^^w«r^^.    r  .....  -    ^    rr    ^       / 

!  I 


pole  roron  peofv  rt^in  -f.n  eat;  jecm^  f  ^ 

v  '  •  -f          1  t 

t  <i(  t*M 


curne^ 


>jietijie  peol 
'tf.?^  !\^~  w  pent 


.  _  i 

'"-..'  1    _  V  X*  t  i 


p  ^qn?  en  pape-  tt 
^uui  m  n&an   l>6bjv  n^f-  on  fcl^ir?  c  «m 


•urn  un 


i'  --w 


tte-me  f?utu 


^  h 
Jhjpiium' 


' 


era  -peut 


;    « 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  41 

p.  40  =  fol.  148T  =  11.  849—872. 

heoro-dreore  weol  *dea:3-f8ege  deog.  siftftan  850 

dreama  leas,  in  fen-freofto  feorh  alegde. 

haejjene  sawle  J>aer  him  hel  on-feng.  banon 

eft  gewiton  eald-gesrSas  swylce  geong 
5     manig  of  gomen-wabe  *fram  mere  modge  855 

mearum  ridan  beor-nas  on  blan-cum  ftaer 

wses  beowulfes  maerfto  maened  monig  oft 

ge-cwseft  baet  te  suft  ne  nor^  be  [seem  tweo- 

num  ofer  eormen-grund  ober  naenig  *un-  860 

10     der  swegles  begong  selra  nsere  rond-hseb- 

bendra  rices  wyrSra.  ne  hie  hum  \vine- 

drihten  wiht  ne  logon  gla3dne  hroft-gar 

ac  bowses  god  cyning.     Hwilum  heabo-rofe 

hleapan  leton  *on|ge-fiit  faran  fealwe  865 

15     mearas  'Sser  him  fold-wegas  faegere  fuh- 

ton  cystum  cu^e  hwilum  cyninges 

Jjegn  guma  gilp-hlseden  gidda  gemyndig 

se^e  eal-fela  eald-gesegena  *worn  ge-  870 

munde  word  ojjer  fand  so^e  ge-bunden 
20     secg  eft  on-gan  sift  beo-wulfes  snyttrum 

1  Tieoro  (h  a  later  addition?  B)  AB  ;  now  heo  gone,  and  the  greatest  part 
of  r  covered. 

2  dreama  AB  ;  now  part  of  d  gone,  and  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  r  faded. 

3  hafyene  A,  Jiarvene  B  ;  now  hce  and  the  greatest  part  of  \>  gone,  and  what 
is  left  of  \>  and  part  of  the  first  e  covered. 

4  eft  gewiton  AB ;  now  eft  gone,  of  g  there  may  be  a  little  left  under  the 
paper,  but  I  cannot  make  out  anything. 

manig  AB ;  now  ma  gone,  and  n  covered. 

mearum  AB  ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  the  first  m  gone,  and  the  last 
stroke  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  e  covered. 

woes  AB  ;  now  tv  gone,  and  part  of  ce  covered. 

ge  cwce%  A,  ge  cwced  B  ;  now  g  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

n  in  num  covered.  10  d  in  der  covered. 

11  part  of  b  in  bendra  covered. 
16  r  erased  between  cu%  and  e. 


42  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  41  =  fol.  H9r  =  11.  872—895. 

styrian  ond  on  sped  wrecan  spel  ge-ra-de 

wordum  wrixlan  wel-hwylc  ge-cwae'S  *paet  he  875 

fram  sige-munde  secgan  hyrde  ellen-dae- 

dum  un-cupes  fela  wael-singes  ge-win  wide 
5     siftas  para  pe  gumena  beam  gear-we  ne 

wiston.  fseh'Se  ond  fyrena  buton  fitela  mid 

bine  *ponne  he  swulces  hwset  secgan  wolde  880 

earn  his  nefan  swa  hie  a|wseron  set  nrSa  ge- 

hwam  nyd-gesteallan.     Hsefdon  eal-fela 
10     eotena  cynnes  sweordum  ge-sseged  sige- 
munde  ge-sprong  *aefter  dea'S-daage  dom  885 

un-lytel.     Sypftan  wiges  heard  wyrm  acweal- 

de  hordes  hyrde  he  under  harne  stan 

sepelinges  beam  ana  ge-ne^de  frecne 
15     daede  ne  wses  him  fitela  mid.  *hwaepre  890 

him  gesaelde  ^set  \c&t  swurd  purh-wod  wraet- 

licne  wyrm  Ipcet  hit  on  wealle  aet-stod  dryht- 

lic  iren  draca  morSre  swealt.  hsefde 

aglseca  elne  ge-gongen  Ipcet  he  beah-hor- 
20     des  brucan  moste  *selfes  dome  895 

3  ellen  doe,  AB  ;  now  only  elle  and  the  very  beginning  of  n  left. 

4  wide  AB  ;  now  only  indistinct  traces  of  tv  and,  as  it  seems  to  me,  of  e 
visible  (ofer  in  the  back  of  the  page  shows  through  the  parchment). 

5  ne  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

a 

6  fyrene :  correction  in  the  same  hand  ;  there  is  no  dot  under  the  last 
e  |j  mid  AB  ;  now  id  and  the  last  stroke  of  m  gone. 

7  molde  AB  ;  now  de  gone. 

20  between  moste  and  selfes  an  erasure  of  about  six  letters  (*elfe*  ?). 


.yjtidii  ~]on  fpei  pnecan'  fpet  «$epa  I 
tn  p^t  hpy!c  ^e  cue^    j 
mimie  fec^ran  l/wv^e  et» 


ana  56  -' 


ft 

eali.e 


7  ^eaj!  ye 

fcon   p^ltiv  -]pV|iene-  lur 
lime- 


-]pV|iene-  luron    rcew 


c  •..-o»j?eai.er  .etfro 
lie 


be-"  ?«ftt  n       i 


i?i<2 


t 


• 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  43 

p.  42  =  fol.  149"  =  11.  895—918. 

sae-bat  ge-hleod  beer  on  bearra  scipes  beo- 

rhte  frsetwa  wselses  eafera  wyrm  hat 

ge-mealt.     Se  waes  wreccena  wide  maerost 

ofer  werfeode  wigendra  hleo  *  ellen-daedum  900 

5     he  J>ses  aer  on'Sah  srS'San  here-modes  hild 

swe^rode  earfo'S  ond  ellen  he  mid  eotenum 

wear's  on  feonda  geweald  forS  forlacen 

snude  for-sended  hine  sorh-wylmas  *leme-  905 

de  to  lange  he  his  leodum  wearS  eallum 
10     aebellingum  to  aldor-ceare.     Swylce  oft 

be-mearn  aerran  maelum  swi'S-ferhbes 

sr3  snotor  ceorl  monig  sebe  him  bealwa 

to|bote  gelyfde  *$cet  \ae,t  'Seod-nes  beam  ge-  910 

beon  scolde  feeder  aebelum  on-fon  folc 
15     ge-healdan  hord  ond  hleo-burh  haelefa  rice 

,e*&el.  scyldinga  he  j)9Br  eallum  wearS  mseg 

hige-laces  manna  cynne  *freondum  ge-  915 

fsegra  hine  fyren  on-wod.  hwilum  fli- 

tende  fealwe  straete  mearum  maeton 
20     ^a  wses  morgen-leoht  scofen  ond  scynded 

1  only  a  very  small  part  of  s  in  see-  covered. 

2  rlvte  AB  ;  now  a  small  part  of  r  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  as 
well  as  part  of  ht  covered  ||  the  circumflex  on  the  a  of  hat  is  not  quite  distinct. 

3  ge  mealt  AB  ;  now  ge  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  m  covered. 

4  ofer  AB  ;  now  o  and  the  greatest  part  of  /  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  /  as 
well  as  part  of  e  covered. 

5  lie  AB  ;  now  gone. 

6  siveftrode  A,  smedrode  B  ;  now  s  gone,  and  w  covered. 

7  wear%  A,  weard  B  ;  now  TV  and  the  greatest  part  of  e  gone  (the  line 
connecting  e  with  a  is  left ;  what  the  FS.  seems  to  exhibit  besides  is  owing  to 
the  I  of  wol  in  the  front  page  showing  through). 

8  snude  AB  ;  now  s  gone  (at  least,  I  cannot  make  it  out  under  the  paper, 
under  which  it  may  be  covered). 

20  the  last  d  in  scynded  as  blotted  in  the  MS.  as  in  the  FS 


44  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  43  =  fol.  150r  =  11.  918—938. 
eode  scealc  monig  swrS-hicgende  to  sele 

Jam  hean  *searo-wundor  seon  swylce  self  920 

cyning  of  bryd-bure  beah-horda  weard 
tryddode  tirfaest.  getrume  micle 
5     cystum  ge-cyfed  ond  his  cwen  mid  him  medo- 
stig  ge-maet  msegf  a  hose. 

.XIIII. 

*  I I    roft-gar  mabelode  hejto  healle  geong  925 

J — L  stod  on  stapole  geseah  steapne  hrof 
10     golde  fahne.  ond  grendles  hond.  ftisse  an- 

syne  alwealdan  fane  lungre  gelimpe 

fela  ic  lafes  ge-bad  *grynna  eet  grendle.  930 

a]maeg  god  wyrcan  wunder  sefter  wundre 

wuldres  hyrde.  'Sset  wses  ungeara  )jset  ic 
15     senigra  me  weana  ne|wende  to|widan 

feore  bote  gebidan  fonne  blode|fah 

*husa  selest  heoro-dreorig  stod  wea  935 

wid  scofen  witena  ge-hwylcne.  ^ara 

fe|ne  wendon  fycet  hie  wide-ferh^  leoda 
20     land-ge-weorc  lafum  be-weredon. 

2  self  AB ;  now  part  of  el  and  the  whole  of  f  gone. 

3  weard  AB  ;  now  d  and  part  of  r  gone  (the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  r  is  left). 

5  medo  AB     now  o  entirely  and  m  and  d  partially  gone. 

8  geong  B ;  geocg  A  ;  now  the  second  g  gone  (n  preserved). 

9  hrof  AB  ;  now  part  of  /  gone. 

10  e  in  fahne  altered  from  ol    The  point  after  it  is  not  quite  certain. 


j 


im  neoti 


p  Imy^  btme 


fcon 


- 
mm 

t  irr 


V 

t^; 

I  * 


me~  pcfctna  M 


cfvi  p*^;A 


fetefr  4  y* 


v. 


ne       e  ^ 


eonc    t  ap 


c&ike-  < 


ITU  i 


wu 


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peo?»ruM 


fe-tpe-  $efe?n 


pec 


.  if.- 


t?  ulp 


on 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  45 

p.  44  =  fol.  150T  =  11.  939—963. 

scuccum  ond  scinnum  nu  scealc  hafa'S  *burh  940 

drih tnes  miht  deed  ge-fremede.  ^e|we  ealle 

ser|ne  meahton  snyttrum  besyrwan  hwaet 

$cet  secgan  mseg  efne  swa  hwylc  maegj>a  swa 
5     ftone  magan  cende.  aefter  gum-cynnura  gyf 

heo  gyt  lyfaft  *]>cet  hyre  eald  metod  este  wsere.  945 

bearn-gebyrdo  nu  ic  beowulf  bee  secg  betsta 

me  for  sunu  wylle  freogan  onjferhj^e  heald 

forS  tela.  niwe  sibbe  nejbrS  be  senigre  gad 
10     *worolde  wilna  J?e  ic|ge- weald  haebbe  ful  950 

oft  ic  for  Ises-san  lean  teoli-hode  hord- 

weorbunge  hnahran  rince  saemran  aet 

saecce  J)u  fe  self  hafast.  dae-dum  gefremed 

}cet  J)in  lyfa^  *awa  to  aldre  al\val-da  fee  gode  955 

15     for-gylde  swa  he  nu  gyt  dyde.  beowulf 

niafelode  beam  ec-]?eo-wes  we  \czt  ellen-weorc 

estum  miclum  feohtati  fremedon  frecne 

ge-neft-don.  *eafo^  uncu|?es  ujje  ic  swijjor  \oet  960 

^u  hine  selfne  geseon  moste  feond  on 
20     fraetewum  fyl-werigne.  ic  him  hraedlice 

1  scuccum  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  s  is  so  covered  that  it  is  impossible  to  see 
whether  it  is  entirely  preserved. 

2  drihtnes  AB ;  now  part  of  dr  gone. 

3  cerne  A,  eerne  (altered  to  etr\ne  with  another  ink)  B;   now  cer  gone,  and 
the  first  stroke  of  n  covered. 

4  $  A,  \><Et  B  ;  now  no  trace  of  it  left  ||  secgan  AB ;  now  s  gone,  and  e 
and  the  greatest  part  of  c  covered. 

5  Zone  AB  ;  now  only  one  legible  (there  seems  to  be  a  letter,  or  part  of  a 
letter,  covered  before  o,  but  the  paper  used  here  by  the  binder  is  so  thick  that 
it  is  impossible  to  make  out  anything). 

6  A  in  heo  covered. 

7  beam  AB  ;  now  part  of  5  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 

8  me  AB ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  gone,  or,  at  least,  not  discernible 
under  the  paper. 

9  the  greater  part  of  /  in  for%  covered. 

10  w  in  tvorolde  partially  covered. 


46  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  45  =  fol.  151'  =  11.  963—986. 

heardan  clam-mum  on  wael-bedde  wriban 

fohte  feet  he  *for  hand-gripe  minum  scolde  965 

Jicgean  lif-bysig  butan  his  lie  swice.  ic 

hine  ne  mihte  fa  metod  nolde  ganges 
5     ge-twaeman  no  ic  him  bses  georne  set- 

fealh  feorh-ge-ni'S-lan  wses  to  fore-mihtig 

*feond  on  febe  hwsebere  he  his  folme  for-  970 

let  tojlif-wrabe  last  weardian  earm  ond  eax- 

le  no  bser  senige  swa  beah  fea-sceaft  gu- 
10     ma  frofre  gebohte.  no  by  leng  leofa'S 

la^-geteona  *synnum  geswenced  ac  hyne  975 

sar  hafa^  in  mid-gripe  nearwe  befongen. 

balwon  bendum  'Sser  abidan  sceal  maga 

mane  fah  miclan  domes  hii  him  scir  me- 
15     tod  scrifan  wille.  *:Sa|wses  swigra  secg  sunu  980 

eclafes  on  gylp-spraece  gu^-geweorca  sij>- 

^an  aefelingas  eorles  craefte  ofer  hean- 

ne  hrof  hand  sceawedon  feondes  fingras 

foran  seg-hwylc  *waes  steda  naegla  ge-hwylc  985 

20     style  ge-licost  hsefenes  hand-sporu  hilde- 

3  ic  AB ;  now  the  c  no  longer  entire. 

4  ganges  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  s  gone. 

6  militig  AB  ;  now  htig  gone  (what  Kolbing  takes  for  the  remnant  of  h  is 
part  of  the  big  D  in  the  back  page,  1.  5,  showing  through). 

7  for  AB  ;  now  or  gone. 

8  *j  A,  and  B ;   now  the  horizontal  part  of  the  abbreviation  a  little  faded 
||  eax  AB  ;  now  gone. 

9  gu  AB  ;  now  gone.  10  leofa%  A,  leofad  B  ;  now  a$  gone. 
12  distinctly  in  mid,  not  mnnd  (cf.  FS.)- 

12  befongen.   (the   stop  wanting  B)  AB  ;    now  the   second  stroke  of   n 
partially  faded,  and  the  stop  gone. 

16  a  small  part  of  J?  in  tfy  not  quite  distinct. 


lieajtd'ift 


no 


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l^e 


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M 


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m 
lep 

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f 


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fivu« 


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if  a/i  Lflcatfi:  Uoi 


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]Mtr   ,o<s  ./vy. 


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V  I  I  I'll 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  47 

p.  46  =  fol.  151T  =  11.  986—1009. 

hilde-rinces  egl  unheoru  aeghwylc  ge-cwae'S 

\ce,t  him  heardra  nan  hrinan  wolde  iren  aer- 

god  Jjce^'Saes  ah-laecan  *blodge  beadu-folme  990 

onberan  wolde.  .XV. 

5     I\A  wees  haten  hrebe  heort  innanweard 

folmum  gefraetwod  fela  ]>sera  waes  wera 

ond  wifa  be  \ce,t  win-reced  gest-sele  gyredon 

gold-fag  scinon  *web  aefter  wagum  wundor-  995 

siona  fela  secga  ge-hwylcum  ]>ara  be 
10     on  swylc  stara'S.  waes  \ae,t  beorhte  bold  to- 

brocen  swrSe  eal  inne-weard  iren-bendum 

faest  heorras  to-hlidene  hrof  ana  ge- 

naes  *ealles  ansund  be]se  aglseca  fyren-  1000 

daedum  fag  on  |  fleam  ge-wand  aldres  or- 
15     wena  no  \<%t  y^e  by'S  to  be-fleonne  frem- 

me  sefe  wille.     Ac]ge-sacan  sceal  sawl- 

berendra  *nyde  ge-nydde  nijj'Sa  bear-  1005 

na  grund-buendra  gearwe  stowe.  J>ser 

his  lic-homa  leger-bedde  faest.  swefe)) 
20     aefter  symle  J>a|waes  sael  ond  mael  Ipcet  to  healle 

1  hildt  B,  omitted  A ;  now  h  and  the  upper  part  of  I  gone,  and  i  entirely 
and  d  and  what  is  left  of  I  partially  covered  ||  part  of  %  in  cwcefc  covered. 

2  •£]  and  B,  omitted  A,  J>aet  K,  Jjset  Gt ;  the  abbreviation  for  J>aet  is  pretty 
distinct,  although  not  entire,  and  partially  covered. 

3  god  A,  go1^  B  ;  now  g  gone,  and  part  of  o  covered. 

4  onberan  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  n  all  but  entirely  covered. 

5  D  A  A,  Da  B ;  now  part  of  the  big  D  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it 
covered. 

7  the  horizontal  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  covered. 

8  part  of  g  in  gold  covered. 


48  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  47  =  fol.  152r  =  1009—1032. 

gang  healf-denes  sunu  *wolde  self  cyning  1010 

symbel  ficgan  ne|ge-fraegen  ic  fa  maegfe 

inaran  weorode  ymb  hyra  sinc-gyfan  sel 

gebseran.  bugon  J>a  to  bence  blaed-agan- 
5     de  fylle  gefaegon  fsegere  gefsegon  *me-  1015 

do-fu.1  manig  magas  J?ara  swi^-hicgende 

on  sele  Jam  hean  hro^gar  ond  hrofulf  heo- 

rot  innan  wses  freondum  afylled  nalles  facen- 

stafas  f  eod-scyldingas  fenden  fremedon 
10     *forgeaf  fa  beowulfe  brand  healfdenes  1020 

segen  gyldenne  sigores  to  leane  liroden 

hilte-cumbor  helm  ond  byrnan  maere  ma'S- 

pura-sweord  manige  gesawon.  beforan  beorn 

beran  beowulf  ge-fah  *M  on|flette.  no  he  1025 

15     fsere  feoh-gyfte  for  scotenum  scamigan 

'Sorfte  ne|ge-fraegn  ic  freond-licor  feower 

madmas  golde  ge-gyrede  gum-man-na 

fela  in  ealo-bence  o^rum  gesellan.  *ymb  1030 

Jjaes  helmes  hrof  heafod-beorge  wirum 
20    be-wunden  walan  utan  heold  paet  him  fela 

1  cyning  AB ;  now  the  second  part  of  the  second  n  and  the  whole  of  g  gone. 

2  m<zg\>e  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  round  part  of  the  preceding  \>  gone. 

3  sel  AB  ;  now  el  entirely  gone,  and  only  the  middle  of  s  left. 

4  bleed  agan  A,  blcedagan  B  ;  now  only  bleed  left. 
6  me  AB  ;  now  gone. 

6  hicgende  B,  hiegeade  A ;  now  de  gone,  and  even  n  not  quite  distinct. 

7  Jieo  AB  ;  now  entirely  gone  (Kolbing  and  Wiilcker  say  that  part  of  h  is 
preserved,  misled  I  have  no  doubt  by  the  h  of  hilde  in  1.  7  of  the  back  page 
showing  through). 

8  facen  (altered  from  n^m  with  another  ink  B)  AB ;  now  only /left. 

9  fremedon  AB  ;  now  on  gone,  and  d  no  longer  entire. 

10  healfdenes  A,  Healfdenes  B  ;   now  es  and  the  second  stroke  of  the 
preceding  n  gone. 

11  liroden  AB ;  now  en  gone,  and  even  of  d  only  the  first  portion  of  the 
lower  part  left. 

12  ma%  AB  ;  now  only  m  and  the  first  part  of  a  left. 

13  o  in  beforan  altered  from  beferan  in  the  same  hand  ||  beorn  AB ;  now 
orn  gone,  and  even  e  not  entire. 

14  b  in  beowulf  altered  from  w  ||  he  AB  ;  now  gone. 

15  scamigan  (n  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  gan  gone. 

16  feower  (r  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB ;  now  er  and  the  top  of  w  gone, 

17  manna  AB  ;  now  only  a  very  small  part  of  the  top  of  the  last  a  gone. 

18  ymb  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  b  gone. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  49 

p.  48  =  fol.  152T  =  11.  1032—1053. 

laf  frecne  ne  meahton  scur-heard  sceb- 

SSan  bonwe  scyld-freca  ongean  gramum 

gangan  scolde.     *Heht  'Sa  eorla  hleo  eah-  1035 

ta  mearas  faeted-hleore  on  flet  teon. 
5     in|under  eoderas  bara  anum  stod  sadol 

searwum  fah  since  ge-wurbad  baet  waes 

hilde.-setl  heah-cyninges  *^onne  sweorda  1040 

gelac  sunu  healfdenes  efnan  wolde 

nsefre  on  ore  laeg  wid-cubes  wig  Son-ne 
10     walu  feollon  0?*tZ|$a  beowulfe  bega  ge-hwaeb- 

res  eodor  ing-wina  onweald  ge-teah.  *wic-  1045 

ga  cmcfjwsepna  het  hine  wel  brucan.  swa 

man-lice  maere  beoden  hord-weard  haele- 

ba  heabo-raesas  geald  mearum  ond  mad- 
15     mum.     Swa  hy  naefre  man  lyh^  sebe 

secgan  wile  so^  sefter  rihte. 

.XVI. 

I A  gyt  aeghwylcum  eorla  drihten  bara  1050 

be  mid  beowulfe  brim-leade  teah  on|bse- 
20     re  medu-bence  mab^um  ge-sealde  yr- 


;  now  gone  ||  part  of  fin  frecne  covered. 

2  %an  AB  ;  now  %  and  part  of  a  gone,  the  rest  of  a  covered. 

3  gangan  AB  ;  now  the  first  g  and  a  small  part  of  the  first  a  gone,  the  rest 
of  the  first  a  covered. 

4  ta  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  mearas  covered. 

5  munder  (altered  to  in  under  with  another  ink  B)  AB,  in  under  Gt,  \\~\n 
under  K  ;  now  in  and  the  first  stroke  of  u  gone,  the  second  stroke  of  u  covered. 

6  s  and  the  greatest  part  of  e  in  searmum  covered. 

7  A  in  hilde  covered.  8  the  greatest  part  of  g  in  gelac  covered. 

9  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  ncefre  covered. 

10  only  a  very  small  part  of  w  covered. 

18  DJL  A,  Da  B  ;  now  part  of  the  big  D  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it 
covered. 

BEOWULF.  £ 


50  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  49  =  fol.  153r  =  11.  1053—1075. 

fe-lafe  ow<i|]jone  senne  heht  golde  forgyl- 

dan  fone  ^e  grendel  ser  *mane  acwealde  1055 

swa  lie  hyra  ma  wolde  nef-ne  him  witig 

god  wyrd  forstode  ond^ses  mannes  mod  me- 
5     tod  eallum  weold  gumena  cynnes  swa  he 

nu  git  de'S  for-f  an  bi^  and-git  seg-hwaer 

selest  *ferh:Ses  fore-fane  fela  sceal  ge-  1060 

bidan  leofes  oncZjlabes  sej>e  longe  her  on 

^ys-sum  win-dagum  worolde  braced,  f  ser 
10     waes  sang  cwcZ|sweg  samod  set-gaedere  fore 

healfdenes  hilde-wisan  *gomen-wudu  1065 

greted  gid  oft  wrecen.  ^onTze  heal-gamen 

hrof-gares  scop  sefter  medo-bence  mee- 

nan  scolde  finnes  eaferum  ^a  hie  se 
15     fser  begeat  hsele^  healf-dena  hnsef 

scyldinga  *in]fres-w8ele  feallan  scolde  1070 

ne  hum  hilde-burh  herian  forfte. 

eotena  treowe  unsynnum  wearS  be- 

loren  leofum  set  Jam  hild-plegan  bearnum 
20     c>?^c?|bro^rllm  hie  on]ge-byrd  hruron  *gare  1075 


B  ;  now  I  and  the  upper  part  of  the  longer  stroke  of  y  gone. 

3  witig  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  and  the  second  half  of  the  top  of  g  gone. 

4  me  AB  ;  now  gone.  5  lie  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 
7  ge  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

11  the  blank  between  mi  and  san  is  owing  to  a  defect  in  the  parchment, 
not  to  an  erasure. 

16  fret]  r  altered  from  some  other  letter,  after  it  a  letter  erased,  then  es  on 
an  erasure  :  that  fres  is  all  that  the  scribe  intended  to  write,  is  shown  by  a 
line  connecting  r  and  e,  which,  however,  is  not  very  distinct  in  the  FS. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  51 

p.  50  =  fol.  153T  ==  1075—1097. 

wunde  \<»t  wses  geomuru  ides  nalles  holinga 

hoces  dohtor  meotod-sceaft  be-mearn 

syb'San  morgen  com.  ^a  heo  under  swegle 

geseon  meahte  morbor-bealo  maga 
5     baer  he  aer  maeste  heold  *  worolde  wynne  1080 

wig  ealle  fornam  finnes  begnas  nemne 

feauTTi  anum  baet  he|ne  mehte  on  baem  nie- 

ftel-stede.  wig  hengeste  wiht  ge-feohtan. 

ne  ba  wea-lafe  wige  for-bringan  *beodnes  1085 

10     SSegne.  ac  hig  him  gebingo  budon  tycet  hie 

him  o^er  net  eal  ge-rym-don  healle  ond 

heahsetl  \cet  hie  healfre  geweald  wr3  eote- 

na  beam  agan  moston  ond  set  feoh-gyf- 

tum  folc-waldan  sunu  *dogra  gehwylce  1090 

15     dene  weorbode  hengestes  heap  hrin- 

gum  wenede  efne  swa  swrSe  sinc-ge-streo- 

num  faettan  goldes  swa  he  fresena  cyn 

on  beor-sele  byldan  wolde.  *fta  hie  ge-  1095 

truwedon  on|twa  healfa  faeste  frio^u- 
20     waere  fin  hengeste  elne  unflitme 


1  wunde  AB  ;  now  m  and  part  of  u  gone,  and  the  rest  of  the  word  except 
small  portions  of  d  and  e  covered  (cf.  FS.). 

2  hoces  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  h  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as  well 
as  o  covered. 

3  sy^an  AB  ;  now  sy  and  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  f> 
gone,  the  rest  of  \>  and  part  of  <S  covered. 

4  geseon  AB  ;  now  ge  gone,  and  s  covered. 

5  Jjcer  AB  ;  now  \>  gone,  and  ce  covered  ||  mo.ste  :  the  correction  in  the 
same  hand. 

6  wi  and  part  of  g  in  mig  covered. 

7  fed™  :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand  ;  /  covered. 

8  *  in  %el  covered.  9  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  ne  covered. 

10  a  small  part  of  %  in  %egne  covered. 

11  a  small  part  of  h  in  him  covered. 

E   2 


52  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  61  =  fol.  154'  =  11. 1097—1119. 

be-nemde.  ]>cet  he  fa  wealafe  weotena 

dome  arum  heolde  f  cet  'Sser  senig  mon 

*wordum  ne  worcum  waere  ne  brsece.  ne  1100 

Jmrh  inwit-searo  sefre  ge-msenden  'Seah 
5     hie  hira  beag-gyfan  banan  folgedon 

^Seoden-lease  fa  him  swa  ge-fearfod  wses 

gyf  fonne  frysna  hwylc  frecnen  sprsece 

*Sses  morfor-hetes  mynd-giend  wsere  1105 

fonne  hit  sweordes  ecg  sy^^an  scolde 
10     a^S  wses  gesefned  ond  icge  gold,  ahsefen  of 

horde  here-scyldinga  betst  beado-rinca. 

waes  on  bsel  gearu  *3et  fsem  ade  wses  1110 

ef-ge-syne  swat-fah  syrce  swyn 

eal-gylden.  eofer  iren-heard  sef eling  ma- 
15     nig  wun-dum  awyrded  sume  on  waele 

crungon.  het  'Sa  hilde-burh  set  hnaefes 

ade  *hire  selfre  sunu  sweolo^e  be-  1115 

fsestan  ban-fatu  baernan  ond  on  bsel 

don  earme  on  eaxle  ides  gnornode 
20     geomrode  giddum  girS-rinc  astah.  wand 

3  ne  (at  the  end  of  the  line)  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 
*  the  second  stroke  of  h  in  ^eah  a  little  faded. 

6  wees  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  n  gone. 

7  sprcece  AB  ;  now  ce  and  part  of  s  and  a  very  small  part  of  ce  gone. 

a 

11  bedo  :  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

12  on  bcel  erased  after  the  second  wees. 

13  gearu  erased  at  the  beginning  of  the  line. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  53 

p.  52  =  fol.  154T  =  11.  1119—1139. 

to  wolcnum  wael-fyra  moest  *hlynode  1120 

for  hlawe  hafelan  multon.  bengeato 
burston  ftonne  blod  set-spranc.  laS 
bite  lices  lig  ealle  for-swealg  gsesta 
6     gifrost  J?ara  fte  pser  girS  for-nam 
bega  folces  wses  hira  bleed  scacen. 

.XYII. 

E-witon  him  ^alwigend  wica  neosian  1125 

freondum  befeallen  frys-land  geseon 
10     hamas  ond  hea-burh  hengest  ^a]gyt  wsel- 

fagne  winter  wimode  mid  finnel  un- 

hlitme  eard  gemunde  *beah  be  he  meah-  1130 

te  on]mere  drifan  hringed-stefnan 

holm  storme  weol  won  wr3  winde  winter 
15     yjje  beleac  is-ge-binde  ojj'Saet  o]?er  com 

gear  in|geardas  swa  nu  gyt  de^  *]?a:Se  1135 

syngales  sele  bewitia'S  wuldor-torh- 

tan  weder  ^ajwees  winter  scacen  faeger 

foldan  bearm  fundode  wrecca  gist 
20     of  geardum  he]to  gyrn-wraece  swi^or 

1  t o  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  wolcnum  B,  nolcmum  A ;  the  word  may  still  be 
entire,  although  I  cannot  make  out  the  w  under  the  paper  ;  a  small  part  of  o 
and  the  top  of  I  are  also  covered. 

2  for  AB  ;  now  fo  gone,  and  r  almost  entirely  covered. 

3  burston  AB  ;  now  bu  gone,  and  part  of  r  covered. 

4  almost  the  whole  of  b  and  part  of  i  in  bite  covered. 

5  gifrost  AB ;  now  gi  gone,  the  greatest  part  of  /  covered,  and  part  of  r  a 
little  faded.  6  b  in  bega  covered. 

7  GE  A,  Ge  B  ;  now  G  all  but  entirely  gone,  and  almost  the  whole  of  E 
covered. 

9  part  of  /  in  freondum  covered. 

10  the  long  perpendicular  stroke  of  7*  in  Jiamas  covered. 

12  hlitme  MS.,  no  doubt,  not  hlitine,  the  connecting  line  between  the  first 
stroke  of  m  and  the  second,  although  a  little  faded,  being  still  discernible. 

17  originally  gewitia$,  but  g  underdotted  and  erased,  and  b  written  over  it 
in  the  same  hand. 


54  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE   MS. 

p.  53  =  fol.  155r  =  11.  1139—1159. 

fohte  fon?ze  to  see-lade  *gif  he  torn-ge-  1140 

inot  burh-teon  milite  f cet  he  eotena 

beam  inne  ge-xnunde.     Swa  he  ne  for- 

wyrnde  worold-rsedenne  fonne  him 
5     hun-lafing  hilde-leoman  billa  selest 

on  bearm  dyde  *baes  wseron  mid  eotenum  1145 

ecge  cirSe  swylce  ferh^-frecan  fin 

eft  be-geat  sweord-bealo  sliften  set  his 

selfes  ham  sib'San  grimne  gripe 
10     girS-laf  ond  os-laf  sefter  saVsifte 

sorge  maendon  *set-witon  weana  dael  1150 

ne  meahte  wsefre  mod  for-habban 

in  hre]?re  ^a  wses  heal  hroden  feonda 

feorum  swilce  fin  slaegen  cyning  on 
15     corfre  ond\s&o  cwen  numen  sceotend  scyl- 

dinga  to|scypon  feredon  *eal  inge-  1155 

steald  eorS-cyninges  swylce  hie  set 

finnes  ham  findan  meahton  sigla 

searo-gimma  hie  on]sse-lade  driht- 
20     lice  wif  to|denum  feredon  Iseddon. 

1  }>oJite  AB ;  now  the  top  of  J?  gone  ||  torn  ge  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke 
of  n  and  the  whole  of  ge  gone. 

2  eotena  A,  Eotena  B ;  now  a  and  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

3  for  AB ;  now  r  gone. 

5  selest  AB  ;  now  t  and  the  top  of  the  s  before  it  gone. 

6  eotenum  A,  ^Eotenum  B ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  u  and  the  abbreviation 
for  m  gone. 

7  nothing  after  Jin  AB. 

8  cet  AB  ;  now  a  little  indistinct,  especially  t  \\  his  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  h 
and  the  upper  part  of  s  gone. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  55 

p.  54  =  fol.  155T  ==  11.  1169—1175. 

to  leodum  leo^  wses  asungen  *gleoman  1160 

nes  gyd  gamen  eft  astah.  beorhtode 

benc-sweg  byrelas  sealdon  win  of 

wunder-fatum.  ]?a  cwom  wealhbeo  for$ 
5     gan  under  gyldnum  beage  faer  fa 

godan  twegen  sseton  suhter-gefsede- 

ran  ]>a|gyt  wses  hiera  sib  set-gsedere 

*seg-hwylc  o'Srum  try  we  swylce  fser  1165 

hun-ferj)  Jjyle  set  fotum  sset  frean 
10     scyldinga  ge-hwylc  hiora  his  fer- 

h]>e  treow-de.  bset  he  hsefde  mod 

micel  J>eah  be  he  his  magum  nsere 

arfsest  set  ecga  gelacum.     Sprsec 

^a  ides  scyldinga.  onfoh  bissum 
15     fulle  freo-drihten  min  *sinces  bryt-  1170 

ta  Jju|on  sselum  wes  gold-wine  gume- 

na  ond\io  geatum  sprsec  mildum  wor- 

dum  swa  sceal  man  don.  beo  wr3  geatas 

glsed  geofena  gemyndig  nean  ond  feor- 
20     ran  Jm  nu  hafast  *me  man  ssegde  jjset  1175 

1  to  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  leodum  AB  ;  now  I  and  part  of  e  gone,  and  the  rest 
of  e,  a  small  part  of  o,  and  the  top  of  d  covered  ||  the  top  of  I  in  leo$ 
covered  ||  the  tops  of  I  and  a,  and  almost  the  whole  of  n  in  gleoman  covered 
(the  fourth  letter  of  this  word  is  certainly  o,  not  a). 

2  nes  AB  ;  now  gone. 

3  benc  B,  bene  A  ;    now  be  gone  [|  the  accent  over  i  in  win  doubtful. 

4  munder  AB  ;  now  tv  gone,  and  the  lower  part  of  nd  covered. 

5  gan  AB  ;  now  g  gone,  but  an  left,  although  a  is  partially  covered. 

6  godan  AB  ;  at  least  part  of  g  is  still  preserved,  although  it  is  covered  as 
well  as  the  beginning  of  o  and  the  top  of  d  ;  the  two  last  letters  are  entire  and 
not  covered. 

7  ran  AB  ;  now  r  gone,  and  part  of  a  covered. 

8  ce  in  ceg-hwylc  almost  entirely  covered. 

9  A  in  hun-fer]p  partially  covered  ;  a  letter  seems  to  have  been  erased  after 
this  word. 

10  a  small  part  of  s  in  scyldinga  covered. 

11  the  top  of  h  in  fye  covered.  17  part  of  n  in  na  covered. 


56  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  55  =  fol.  156r  =  11.  1175—1195. 

]>u|$e  for  sunn,  wolde  here-ric  habban 

heorot  is  ge-fselsod  beah-sele  beorhta 

bruc  fen-den  pu|mote  manigra  medo 

0W6?|Jrinum  magum  laef  folc  ond\iicQ  f on-ne 
5     'Su  for^  scyle  *  metod-sceaft  seon  ic  1 180 

minne  can  glsedne  hrofulf  f cet  he  pa  geo- 

go'Se  wile  arum  healdan  gyf  bu  aer  bonrce 

lie  wine  scildinga  worold  of-lsetest 

wene  ic  feet  he  mid  gode  gyldan  wille  *un-  1 185 

1 0     cran  eaf eran  gif  lie  Ipcet  eal  ge-mon  hwaet 

wit  to  willan  ond  to  wor^-myndum  umbor- 

wesendum  0er  arna  gefremedon.  hwea- 

rf  fa  bi  bence  paer  hyre  byre  wseron 

hre^ric  07zc?|liro^miLnd  c>?^(i|h£elefa  beam 
15     *giogo:S  set-gaedere  faarjse  goda  sset  1190 

beowulf  geata  be  fssm  gebro'Srum  twsem 

.XVIII. 

Him  waes  ful  boren  owc?|freond-lafu  wor- 
dum  be-wasgned  07?t?]wunden  gold  estum 
20     ge-eawed  earm-reade  twa  *hraegl  ond'i'hnn-  1195 

1  \>u  $e  AB  ;  now  of  \>  only  the  very  lowest  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke 
preserved,  of  %  the  upper  part  gone,  but  u  and  e  as  good  as  entire  ||  habban, 
AB ;  now  an  and  part  of  the  second  b  gone. 

2  beorlita  AB  ;  now  ta  and  the  shorter  of  the  perpendicular  strokes  of  h 
gone  (the  connecting  line  between  the  two  strokes  is  left). 

3  medo  AB ;  now  only  me  left,  and  even  the  e  not  entire. 

5  ic  (with  another  ink  B)  AB;  now  gone.         6  geo  AB  ;  now  eo  gone. 

7  ]ponnQ  A,  \>on  B  ;  now  the  abbreviation  for  ne  and  the  second  stroke  of 
n  gone. 

10  hwcet  B,  tycet  A ;  t  has  shrunk  together  very  much,  and  perhaps  is  not 
entire. 

16  twcem,  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  m  very  indistinct. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  57 

p.  56  =  fol.  156*  =  11.  1195—1217. 
gas  heals-beaga  msest  J>ara  J?e  ic  on  foldan 
gefraegen  hsebbe  nae-nig-ne  ic  under  sweg- 
le  selran  hyrde  hord-mad-mum  haelejja 
syb'San  hama  set-wseg  to  here  byrhtan 

5     byrig  brosinga  mene  *sigle  ond  sinc-faet  1200 

searo-ni^as  fealh  eormen-rices  geceas 
ecne  r£d  bone  bring  haefde  higelac  gea- 
ta  nefa  swertinges  nyhstan  si^e  si^ban 

he  under  segne  sine  ealgode.  *wsel-reaf  1205 

10     werede  hyne  wyrd  for-nam  syb'San  he 
for  wlenco  wean  ahsode  fseh^e  to  frysuw 
he  ba  frsetwe  waeg  eorclan-stanas  ofer 
y^a  ful.  rice  beoden  he  under  rande  ge- 

cranc  *ge-hwearf  ba  in  francna  fsebm  1210 

15     feorh  cyninges  breost-ge-wsedu  ond\se  beah 
somod  wyrsan  wig-frecan  wsel  reafeden  sefter 
gu^-sceare  geata  leode  hrea-wic  heoldon 

heal  swege  onfeng.     *WeallrSeo  mafelode  1215 

heo  fore  Jjsem  werede  sprsec  bruc  hisses 
20     beages  beowulf  leofa  hyse  mid  hsele 

1  gas  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  k,  e,  I  in  heals  partially  covered  (s.  FS.)  ||  the  top 
of  \>  in  ]>ara  as  well  as  in  \>e  covered  ||  the  upper  half  of  ic  on  covered  \\foldan 
AB  ;  now  dan  and  the  upper  part  of  I  gone,  and  the  greatest  part  of /and  th  > 
whole  of  o  and  of  what  is  left  of  I  covered. 

2  gefrcegen  AB ;  now  ge  (at  the  beginning  of  the  word)  gone,  and/  almost 
entirely  covered. 

3  ;<?  AB  ;  now  gone.  4  s  and  part  of  a  in  gy\>%an  covered. 
6  "by rig  AB  ;  now  byri  gone,  and  a  small  part  of  g  covered. 

6  searo  AB  ;  now  se  gone,  and  a  almost  entirely  covered. 

7  the  greater  part  of  the  first  e  in  ecne  covered. 

8  ta  AB ;  now  t  not  entire  and  what  is  left  of  it  partially  covered. 

9  li  in  he  torn,  and  its  upper  part  covered. 

10  only  a  very  small  part  of  m  in  werede  covered. 

11  only  a  very  small  part  of  /  in  for  covered. 

13  he  added  over  the  line  in  the  same  hand,  a  dot  under  the  line  showing 
where  it  is  to  be  inserted. 

18  heal  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  h  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 


58  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  67  =  fol.  157r  =  11.  1217—1241. 

ond  pisses  hrsegles  neot  peo-ge-streona  ond  gepeoh 

tela  cen  pec  mid  crsefte  ond\]>ys$um  cnyhtum 

wes  *lara  IrSe  ic  pe  pses  lean|geman  hafast  1220 

pu|ge-fered  ])cet  fte  feor  ond  neah  ealne  wide-ferhp 
5     weras  ehtiga^S  efne  swa  side  swa  sse  bebuge'S 

wind  geard  weallas  wes  penden  pu  lifige  *aepeling  1225 

eadig  ic  pe  an  tela  sinc-gestreona  beo  pu 

suna  mimiTtt  dae-dum  ge-defe  dream-healden- 

de.  her  is  aeghwylc  eoii  oprum  ge-trywe 
10     modes  milde  man-drihtne  hoi  *pegnas  syn-  1230 

don  ge-pwsere  peod  ealgearo  druncne  dryht- 

guman  do^  swa  ic  bidde.     Eode  pa  to  setle 

paer  waes  symbla  cyst  druncon  win  weras  wyrd 

ne  cupon  geo-sceaft  grimne  swa  hit  agan- 
15     gen  wearS  *eorla  manegim  syp'San  aefen  cwom  1235 

ond\him  hropgar  ge-wat  to  hofe  sinum  rice 

to|raeste  reced  weardode  unrim  eorla  swa 

hie  oft  aer  dydon  benc-pelu  beredon  hit 

geond-braeded  wear<5  *beddum  ond  bolstrum  1240 

20    beor-scealca  sum  fus  ond\fsQg&  flet-raeste  ge- 

1  *j  A,  and  B  ;  now  only  the  lowest  part  of  the  abbreviation  left  ||  pisses 
AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  \>  and  the  top  of  i  gone,  and  e  torn  ||  looking 
at  the  FS.  one  might  think  there  is  an  indistinct  d  between  \>eo  and  ge- 
streona,  but  then  its  form  would  be  a  little  unusual  (cf.  \>eod,  1.  11),  nor  does 
the  MS.  seem  to  countenance  such  a  supposition  ||  "j  (and  B)  ge\>eoJi  AB  ;  now 
entirely  gone. 

2  cnyhtum  AB  ;  now  m  and  part  of  u  gone. 

3  hafast  A,  hawast  B  ;  now  only  ha  left. 

4  ferh])  AB  ;  now  only/,  the  greatest  part  of  e,  and  the  lower  part  of  the 
first  stroke  of  r  left. 

6  side  was  originally  wide,  but  w  altered  to  si,  and  the  original  i  under- 
dotted  ||  bebuge%  A,  Tjebuged  (the  last  e  altered  from  a)  B ;  now  only  beb  and 
the  first  stroke  of  u  left. 

6  afyeling  AB  ;  now  only  cej?  and  a  very  small  part  of  e  left. 

8  healden  A,  Healfden  B  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

10  hoi  changed  from  heol  ||  syn  AB ;  now  the  n  is  no  longer  entire  (Kolbing, 
who  thinks  that  y  is  followed  by  I,  has  been  misled  by  the  1  of  SIgon  in  1.  10 
of  the  back  page  showing  through). 

11  dryht  AB ;  now  ht  and  a  small  part  of  y  gone. 

13  tvyrd  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  the  second  stroke  of  r  lost  in  conse 
quence  of  a  hole,  and  the  diagonal  stroke  of  d  nearly  faded. 

15  cmom  B,  crom  A ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  in  no  longer  entire. 

16  h  in  hropgar  altered  from  b  1 


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BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE   MS.  59 

p.  58  ==  fol.  157r  =  11.  1241—1264. 
beag  setton  him  to  heafdon  hilde-randas 
bord-wudu  beorhtan  baer  on  bence  wses.  ofer 
sebelinge  yb-ge-sene  *heabo-steapa  helm  1245 

hringed  byrne  brec-wudu  brymlic  waes 
5     beaw  hyra  ]>cet  hie  oft  waeron  an|wig  gearwe 
ge  set  ham  ge  on  herge  ge|ge-hwseber  bara 
efne  swylce  msela  swylce  hira  man-dryht- 
ne  *bearf  ge-sselde  wees  seo  beod  tilu.  1250 

.XYIIII. 

10     ,^^Igon  ba|to  slsepe  sum  sare  angeald  sefen- 

F<J  rseste  swa  him  ful  oft  gelamp  sib'San  gold- 

sele  grendel  warode  unriht  aefnde  o]?  \ae,t 

ende  be-cwom  *swylt  softer  synnum  ]>cet  gesyne  1255 

wear])  wid-cub  werum  \cet  te  wrecend  ba|gyt  lif- 
15     de  sefter  labuwi  lange  brage  sefter  gu'S- 

ceare  grendles  modor  ides  aglsec-wif  yrm- 

be  gemunde  *sebe  wseter  egesan  wunian  1260 

scolde  cealde  streamas  sib^an  camp  wearS 

to  ecgbanan  angan  breber  fsederen-maege 
20     he|ba  fag  gewat  morbre  gemearcod 

1  beag  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  randas  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  s  gone,  and  the  great 
est  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  the  preceding  da  covered. 

2  bord  AB  ;  now  b  gone,  and  o  and  part  of  r  covered. 

3  ce  and  part  of  \>  in  afyelinge  covered  ||  steapa~]  originally  stoapa,  but  o  by 
a  diagonal  stroke  altered  to  an  imperfect  e  and  then  the  whole  letter  blotted, 
and  at  last  a  smaller  e  was  written  over  it,  in  another  hand  I  think. 

4  hringed  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  second  stroke  of  it 
and  the  lowest  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  covered. 

5  ]peaiv  B,  \>ear  A  ;  now  \>  and  perhaps  also  a  small  part  of  e  gone,  and 
what  is  left  of  e  and  part  of  a  covered. 

6  g  in  ge  not  entire  and  partially  covered. 

7  only  a  very  small  part  of  the  first  e  in  efne  covered. 

8  the  greatest  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  ne  covered. 

10  Si-gon  AB  ;  now  only  a  small  part  of  the  big  S  left,  and  part  of  what  is 
left  of  it  as  well  as  the  whole  of  I  covered. 

12  warode  MS.  as  well  as  AB  ;  the  parchment  under  iva  is  rather  thin,  and 
besides  there  is  a  blot  on  the  two  letters  ;  but  on  looking  at  the  first  letter 
closely,  one  cannot  doubt  that  it  is  TV,  not  / :  what  Kolbing  and  others  seem 
to  have  mistaken  for  the  second  horizontal  stroke  of  /  is  part  of  o  in  Eode  in 
1.  12  of  the  front  page,  which  shows  through  ;  the  second  letter  is  a  in  its 
usual  form  (not  u  or  a  open  at  the  top). 


60  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS. 

p.  59  =  fol.  158r  =  11.  1264—1287. 

man-dream  neon  *westen  warode  panon  woe  1265 

fela  geo-sceaft-gasta  wees  psera  grendel 

sum  heoro-wearh  hetelic  se  aet  heorote 

fand  wseccendne  wer  wiges  bidan  paer  him 
5     aglseca  set-grsepe  wear^  *hwaepre  he  ge-  1270 

munde  msegenes  strenge  gim-fseste  gife 

'Se  him  god  sealde  ond  him  to  anwaldan  are 

gelyfde  frofre  oftdjfultum  ^y  he  pone  feond 

ofer-cwom  ge-hnaegde  helle-gast  pa  he 
10     hean  ge-wat  *dreame  be-daeled  deap-wlc  1275 

seon  mancynnes  feond  ond  his  modor  pa|gyt 

gifre  ow<2|galgmod  gegan  wolde  sorh-fulne 

si^S  sunn  peod  wrecan  com  fa|to  heorote 

'Sser  hring-dene  *geond  ]>cet  saeld  swsefun  pa  1280 

15     ^Sser  sona  wearS  ed-hwyrft  eorlum  sip^an 

inne  fealh  grendles  modor  waes  se  gry- 

re  laes-sa  efne  swa  micle  swa  bi^  msegpa 

crseft  wig-gryre  wifes  be  wsepned-men 

*pon?ie  heoru  bunden  hamere  gepuren  1285 

20     sweord  swate  fah  swin  ofer  helme  ecgum 

1  man  AB ;  now  m  gone,  a  at  least  not  distinct  and  perhaps  not  entire,  but 
n  certain  ||  dream,  AB  ;   now  d  almost  entirely  gone  ||  \>anon  woe  A,  \>an  oti 
woe  (pe  with  a  different  ink  ?)  B  ;  now  only  J?  left. 

2  grendel  AB  ;  now  el  gone.  6  gife  AB ;  now  e  no  longer  entire. 
8  feond  AB ;  now  d  quite  faded. 

10  What  Wiilcker  thinks  to  be  the  upper  portion  of  g  after  mic  is  the  e  of 
leofost  in  1.  10  of  the  back  of  the  leaf,  which  shows  through  the  parchment. 

11  gyt  AB  ;  now  the  second  part  of  the  horizontal  stroke  of  t  gone. 
16  r  erased  after  gry. 

19  e  erased  after  J?0nne  ||  n  in  lunden  altered  from  m  by  erasure. 


. 

§en 

^  )M  pen 


•••  / 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  61 

p.  60  =  fol.  158T  =  11.  1287—1307. 

dyhtig  andweard  scire^S.  fa  wses  on  healle 

heard -ecg  togen  sweord  ofer  setlum  sid- 

rand  manig  *hafen  han-da  fsest  helm  1290 

ne|ge-munde  byrnan  side  pa  hine  se 
5     broga  angeat  heo  wa3S  on  ofste  wolde 

lit  panon  feore  beorgan  pa  heo  on-fun- 

den  wees  hra^e  heo  a3pelinga  anne 

haefde  *fseste  be-fangen  pa  heo  to  fen-  1295 

ne  gang  se  wses  hropgare  hselepa 
10     leofost  on|ge-sr3es  had  be|ssem  tweonum 

rice  rand-wiga  pone  ^e  heo  on|rseste 

abreat  blaed-fsestne  beorn  naes  beo- 

wulf  'Saer.  *  ac  waes  oper  in  aer|ge-teohhod  1 30C 

sefter  maj^um-gife.  mserum  geate 
15     hream  wear^  in  heorote  heo  under  heolf- 

re  ge-nam  cupe  folme  cearu  waes  ge- 

niwod  ge-worden  in|wicun  ne]waes  \ae,t  ge- 

wrixle  til  *$cet  hie  on  ba  healfa  bicgan  1305 

scoldon.  freonda  feorum  pa  wa3s  frod 
20     cyning.  har  hilde-rinc  on  hreon 

1  dyhttig  A,  dyttig  B  ;  now  gone  [|  the  tops  of  s  and  $  in  scireZ  covered. 
||  healle  AB ;  now  lie  entirely  and  the  rest  partially  gone  ;  part  of  what  is  left 
of  Tie,  and  the  whole  of  what  is  left  of  a  covered. 

2  heard  AB ;  now  hea  gone,  and  part  of  r  covered. 
4  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  ne  covered. 

6  broga  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  br  gone,  only  the  very  top  of  I  and 
the  second  stroke  of  r  being  left,  but  entirely  covered. 

6  uf]  u  and  part  of  t  covered.  9  part  of  n  in  ne  covered. 

10  leofost  AB ;  now  I  gone,  and  e  covered. 

14  a  stop  erased  after  ma]>$um. 

16  o\n :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand.         17  tvicun  certainly,  not  n-icim. 


62  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  61  =  fol.  159r  =  11.  1307—1328. 

mode  sy'Sf  an  he  aldor-j?egn|unlyfigendne 

fone  deorestan  deadne  wisse.     *hra]?e  wses  1310 

to|bure  beowulf  fetod  sigor-eadig  secg 

samod  ser-dsege  code  eorla  sum  aebele 
5     cempa  self  mid  ge-si^um  jjaer  se  snote- 

ra  bad.  hwaef  re  him  alf-walda  aefre 

wille  *sefter  weaspelle  wyrpe  gefrem-  1315 

man  gang  fta  aefter  flore  fyrd-wyr- 

'Se  man  mid  his  hand-scale  heal-wudu 
10     dynede  ]>cet  he  fone  wisan  wordum  hnsegde 

frean  ing-wina  frsegn  gif  him  wsere 

*sefter  neod-la^u  niht  ge-taese.  1320 


.XX. 

"TTTro:S-gar  mafelode  helm  scyldinga 
15     -*--*-  ne  frin  fu  aefter  sselum  sorh|is  ge-ni- 

wod  denigea  leodum  dead  is  aesc-here 

yrmen-lafes  yldra  brofor  *min  run-  1325 

wita  ond\mm  raed-bora  eaxl-ge-stealla 

'Sonne  we  on  orlege  hafelan  weredon 
20     f  onne  hniton  fef  an  eoferas  cnysedan 

1  mode  AB  ;  now  the  whole  of  mo  and  part  of  de  gone  ||  unlyfigendne  A, 
unlyfi  ndne  B  ;  now  only  unly  (the  I  not  entirely)  preserved. 

2  Tirade  (Tirade  B  )  was  AB  ;  now  only  lira  and  the  lowest  part  of  the 
perpendicular  stroke  of  J>  left. 

3  secg  AB  ;  now  g  and  perhaps  also  part  of  c  gone  :  at  least,  c  is  not 
distinct. 

5  snote  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

6  cefre  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  second  part  of  r  gone. 
10  hncegde  AB  ;  now  de  gone. 


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BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE    MS.  63 

p.  62  =  fol.  159'  =  11.  1328—1352. 

swy[lc]  scolde  eorl  wesan  aergod  swylc  sesc-here 

wses  *wear3  him  on  heorote  to  hand-banan  1330 

wael-gaest  waefre  ic  ne  wat  h weeper  atol  sese 

wlanc  eft-siftas  teali  fylle  ge-frsegnod  heo 
5     fa  faelrSe  wreec  j?e  Jm  gystran  niht  gren- 

del  cwealdest  *burh  hsestne  had  heardum  1335 

clammum  for-ban  he|to  lange  leode  mine 

wanode  o?id\wyide  he  set  wige  ge-crang  eal- 

dres  scyldig  ond\im  ober  cwom  mihtig  man- 
10     sca'Sa  wolde  hyre  mseg  wrecan.  *ge  feor  hafa^  1340 

fseh^e  gestaeled  j?8es  fe  Jjincean  maeg  jjegne 

monegum  se]je  sefter  sinc-gyfan  on|sefan 

greotej)  hrefer-bealo  hearde  nu|seo  hand 

lige'S  se]?e  eow  wel-hwylcra  wilna  dohte. 
15     *  ic  Ipcet  lond-buend  leode  mine  sele-rsedende  1345 

secgan  hyrde  \ce,t  hie  gesawon  swylce  twegen 

micle  mearc-stapan  moras  healdan  ellor- 

gsestas  ^sera  o^er  wses  *j?aes  fe  hie  ge-wis-licost  1350 

gewitan  meahton  idese  onlic-nses  o^er  ear- 
20     m-sceapen  on|weres  wsestmum  wrsec-lastas 

1  sivy scolde  A,  smj  .  .  scolde  B  ;  now  only  olde  left,  and  that  par 
tially  covered  ||  part  of  cergod  smylc  covered  ||  cesc  here  AB ;  now  here  gone, 
and  (ESC  almost  entirely  covered  (only  the  lowest  part  of  s  not  covered). 

2  wees  AB  ;  now  gone  |j  the  strange  look  of  i  in  him  in  the  FS.  is  caused 
by  a  little  hole  in  the  MS. 

3  w  and  part  of  ce  in  tvcel  covered. 

4  w  in  wlanc  covered.  5  part  of  J?  in  \>a  covered. 

6  del  AB  ;  now  d  gone,  and  e  covered. 

7  only  very  little  of  c  in  clammum  covered. 

9  part  of  d  in  dres  covered  10  s  in  sca%a  almost  entirely  covered. 

11  only  very  little  offinfceJiSe  covered. 

13  only  very  little  of  g  in  greote%  covered. 

14  lige$  A,  liged  B  ;  now  only  e%  still  quite  distinct  and  g,  at  least,  legible, 
but  i  faded,  and  of  I  only  the  top  left  ||  s  added  between  hwylo  and  ra  in  a 
later  hand. 

16  ic  AB  ;  now  i  gone. 


64  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  63  =  fol.  160r  =  11.  1352—1377, 

trsed  naefne  lie  waes  mara  J>on?ze  aenig  man 

ofter  pone  on]gear-daguw  grendel  nemdofn] 

*  f old-buende  no  hie  feeder  cunnon  hwaeper  1355 

him  aenig  waes  ser  acenned  dyrnra  gasta 
5     hie  dygel  lond  warigea'S  wulf-hleopu  windige 

naessas  frecne  fen-ge-lad  ^Saer  fyrgen- 

stream  *  under  naessa  genipu  niper  gewiteft  1360 

flod  under  foldan  nis  ]>cet  f eor  heonon  mil-ge- 

mearces  p  cet  se  mere  stan^e^  ofer  paem  hon- 
10     gia^S  hrinde  bearwas  wudu  wyrtu??i  fsest 

waster  ofer-helma^  *  faer  mseg  nihta  ge-hwaem  1365 

ni^-wundor  seon  fyr  on  node  no  f  ass  frod 

leofa'S  gumena  bearna  Ipcet  pone  grund  wite 

^Seah  J?e  hae^-stapa  hundur/i  geswenced  heorot 
15     hornum  trum  holt- wudu  sece  *feorran  ge-  1370 

flymed  aer  he  feorh  sele'S  aldor  on  ofre  aer 

he  in  wille  hafelan  :  nis  \azt  heoru  stow,  ponon 

y^-ge-blond  up  astige^  won  to  wolcnum  ponwe 

wind  styrej?  *  la^  ge-widru  o^  feet  lyft  drysmaj?  1375 

20     roderas  recta's  nu  is  se  raed  gelang  eft  aet 

1  man  AB ;  now  only  m  and  part  of  a  left. 

2  nemdod  (dod  added  afterwards  ?  B)  AB  ;  now  only  nem  left. 

3  linger  AB  ;  now  only  hwce  and  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular 
stroke  of  \>  left. 

5  windige  A,  windig  B  ;  now  e  and  the  greatest  part  of  g  gone. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  65 

p.  64  =  fol.  1GO*  =  11.  1377—1398. 
J>e  anuwi  eard  git  ne  const  frecne  stowe 
ftaer  bu  findan  miht  fela  sinni^ne  secg 

sec  gif  J>u  dyrre  *  ic  be  J)a|f*ehfte  feo  lea-  1380 

nige  eald-ge-streonura  swa  ic  aer  dyde  wun- 
dini  golde  gyf  Jm  on  weg  cymest, 

.XXI, 

BEOWVLF  majjelode  beam  ecgj?eo- 
wes  ne  sorga  snotor  guma  selre  bi ft 

aeg-hwaem  *J>aet  he  his  freond  wrece  bonne  1385 

10     he  fela  murne  ure  aeghwylc  sceal  ende 

ge-bidan  worolde  lifes  wyrce  sebe  mote 

domes  £r  deabe  \ce,t  br3  driht-guman  unlif- 

gendum  sefter  selest  *  aris  rices  weard  uton  1390 

hrabe  feran  grendles  magan  gang  scea- 
15     wigan.     Ic  hit  be|ge-hate  no  he  on|helm  losab. 

ne  on  foldan  faebm  no  on|fyrgen-holt.  ne 

on  gyfenes  grund  ga  baer  he  wille  *  ftys  dogor  1395 

Jm[ge-byld  hafa  weana  ge-hwylces  swa  ic  )>e 

wene  to.  ahleop  fta  se  gomela  gode  }>aii- 
20     code  mihtigan  drihtne  J>ses  se  man  ge- 

1  \>e  AB  ;    now  gone  ||   a  and  the  first  stroke  of  n  in  anum  covered  || 
stowe]  part  of  ow  and  the  whole  of  e  covered. 

2  %cer  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  part  of  \>  in  \>u  covered  j|  some  letter  between  a 
and  n  in  findan  erased. 

3  sec  AB ;  now  only  very  little  of  e  and  c  discernible,  the  rest  of  these 
letters,  although,  no  doubt,  preserved,  being  so  covered  as  not  to  be  visible  ; 
of  s  no  trace  left. 

4  nige]  the  whole  of  n  and  part  of  ig  covered. 

5  dini  or  dmi  MS.  (cf.  run-dmi  A,  rvund-dini  B),  the  d  entirely  covered 
(certainly  not  dum). 

7  A  rather  great  part  of  the  big  B  is  still  left,  although  only  very  little  of 
it  is  not  covered  (it  is  found  in  AB). 

8  nes  B,  ces  A  ;  now  only  ,<f  left,  and  even  that  partially  covered. 

9  part  of  the  first  ce  in  ceg-hivcem  covered. 

10  part  of  Ti  in  he  covered   ||  c  in  ceglnvylc  not  distinct   (wglin'ylc  B, 

A).  J1  part,  of  g  in  ge-bidan  covered. 

12  gumen  originally,  but  e  underdotted  and  a  written  over  it  in  the  same 
hand  (there  is  also  a  dot  under  n,  but  that  seems  to  be  accidental). 

13  part  of  g  in  gendum  covered. 

14  gan?  :  the  correction  in  another  hand  ||  ce  in  scea  on  an  erasure  ? 
16  only  a  very  small  part  of  w  in  migan  covered. 

BKOWULF.  F 


66  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  65  =  fol.  161r  =  11.  1398—1422. 

sprsec  fa  wses  hroft-gare  hors  ge-baeted 

*  wicg  wunden-feax  wisa  fengel  geatolic  1400 

gende  gum-fef  a  stop  lind-hsebbendra  lastas 

waeron  aefter  wald-swaf  u??i  wide  ge-syne 
5     gang  ofer  grundas  gegnuw  for  *  ofer  myr-  1405 

can  mor  mago-f  egna  bser  f  one  selestan 

sawol-leas-ne  f  ara  f  e  mid  hroft-gare 

'ham  eahtode  ofer-eode  fa  sef  elinga 

beam  steap  stan-hli^So  stige  nearwe 
10     *enge  anpa'Sas  uncu^gelad  neowle  nses-  1410 

sas  nicor-husa  fela.  he  feara  sum  be- 

foran  gengde  wisra  monna  wong  sceawian 

of  ]>cet  he  f seringa  fyrgen-beamas  *  ofer  1415 

harne  stan  hleonian  funde  wynleasne 
15     wudu  wseter  under  stod  dreorig  ond  ge-dre- 

fed  denum  eallum  wses  winum  scyldinga 

weorce  on  mode  to|ge-folianne  ^egne 

monegum  *  on-cy^  eorla|ge-hw£em  sy^-f  an  1420 

sesc-heres  on  f aw  holm-clife  hafelan 
20     met-ton  flod  blode  weol  folc  to  ssegon 

1  sprmc  A,  spree  B ;  sp  entirely  gone,  and  of  rcec  only  very  small  traces 
left  |1  \>a  AB ;  now  the  top  of  \>  gone  ||  lotted  AB  ;  now  gone. 

2  geatolic  A,  geato.  with  two  letters  (ed  ?)  erased  after  it  B ;  now  only 
geato  left. 

3  lastas  AB ;  now  only  I  left. 

5  myr  AB  ;  now  only  the  first  stroke  of  m  left. 
10  nces  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  s  gone. 


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BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  67 

p.  66  =  fol.  16F  =  11.  1423—1448. 
hatan  heolfre  horn  stundum  song  fuslic 

ffyrdj-leoft  fej?a  eal  ge-sset.  *gesawoii  'Sa  aefter  1425 

waetere  wyrm-cynnes  fela  sellice  sse-dracan 
sund  cunnian  swylce  on  naes-hleo'Sum  nicras 
5     licgean.  'Sa  on  undern-msel  oft  be-witiga'S  sorh- 

fulne  si^  on]segl-rade  *  wyrmas  orc<i|wildeor  hie  on  1430 

weg  hruron  bitere  cwc£|gebolgne  bearhtm  ongea- 
ton  guS-horn  galan  sum-ne  geata  leod  of  [flan- 
bogan  feores  ge-twsefde  ySgewinnes  \cd  him  on 

10     aldre  stod  *here-str8el  hearda  he  on  holrne  1435 

waes  sundes  ]?e  saenra  Se  hyne  swylt  for-nam.  hrae- 
J>e  wearS  on 'y 'Sum  mid  eofer-spreotum  heoro-hoc- 
yhtum  hearde  ge-nearwod  niSa  ge-nseged  ond  on 
nses  togen  *  wun-dor-lic  wseg-bora  weras  scea\ve-  1 440 

15     don  gryre-licne  gist  gyrede  hine  beowulf 
eorl-gewaedum  nalles  for  ealdre  mearn  scolde 
here-byrne  hondum  ge-broden  sid  ond  searo-fah 
sund  cunnian  *seo^$e  ban-cofan  beorgan  cupe  1445 

\ast  him  hilde-grap  hre]?re  ne  mihte  eorres  in- 

20     wit-feng  aldre  gescejj^an.  ac]se  hwita  helm. 

1  hatan  (ha  afterwards  added  A)  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  the  tops  of  some  letters 
in  stundum  song  covered  (cf.  FS.)  ||  fuslic  ;  now  only  fu  and  part  of  s  left, 
and  the  whole  of  what  is  left  covered  except  only  the  lowest  part  of  /. 

5  fyrd]  /  .  .  .  B, A  ;  now  nothing  left  f)  only  a  very  small  part 

of  I  in  leo%  covered  ||  originally  seah,  but  e  underdotted,  eali  crossed  out,  and 
cet  written  over  it  in  the  same  hand. 

3  waster  e  AB  ;  now  meet  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  e  covered. 

4  sund  AB  ;  now  only  d  left. 

5  licgean  AB  ;  now  li  gone,  and  the  greatest  part  of  c  covered. 

6  only  a  very  small  part  offinfulne  covered. 

7  only  a  very  small  part  of  w  in  weg  covered. 

8  ton  AB  ;  now  part  of  t  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  covered. 
13  between  ge  and  nearrvod  an  erasure  of  about  two  letters. 

F  2 


68  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  67  =  fol.  162r  =  11.  1448—1471. 

hafelan  werede  sepe  mere-grundas  mengan 

scolde  *secan  sund-gebland  since  ge-weor3ad  1450 

be-fongen  frea-wrasnum  swa  hine  fyrn-da- 

gum  worhte  wsepna  smi^S  wundrum  teode 
5     be-sette  swinlicum  ^cet  hine  sy^-fan  no  brondjne 

beado-mecas  bitan  ne  meahton.     ^Nsespset  1455 

fonne  msetost  msegen-fultuma  $cet  him  on 

"Searfe  lah  'Syle  hro'S-gares  wses  Jjaem  haeft- 

mece  hrunting  nama  f cet  wses  an  foran  eald- 
10     ge-streona  ecg  wses  iren  ater-tanum  fah 

*  ahyrded  heapo-swate  nsefre  hit  aet  hilde  1460 

ne  swac  manna  sengnm  f ara  fe  hit  mid 

nmndum  be-wand  se'Se  gryre-si^as  ge-gan 

dorste  folcstede  fara  nses  f  cet  forma  siS 
15     ]>cet  hit  ellen-weorc  aefnan  scolde.  *huru  ne|ge-  1465 

munde  mago  ecglafes  eafof es  craeftig  Ipcet 

he  eer  ge-sprsec  wine  druncen  f a|he  faes  wsepnes 

on-lah.  seban  sweord-frecan  selfa  ne  dor 
ste  under  y'Sa  ge-win  aldre  gene-fan  *  driht-  1470 
20     scype  dreogan  pasr  he  dome  for-leas  ellen- 

1  Jiafelan  AB  ;  now  h  gone  |]  mengan  A,  men  gan  B ;  now  gan  gone. 

2  weor^Sad  A,  weordad  B  ;  now  r%ad  gone. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  69 

p.  68  =  fol.  162T  =  11.  1471—1491. 

ne  waes  faern  o^Smm  swa  syft-jjan 
he  hine  to  gufte  ge-gyred  hsefde. 

.XXII. 

BEOWYLF  maSelode  beam  ecg-feowes 
ge-fenc  nil  se  maera  maga  healf-denes 

*  snottra  fengel  nu|ic  eom  siftes  fus  gold-  1475 

•wine  gumena  hwaet  wit  geo  sprsecon  gif 

ic  set  Jjearfe  pinre  scolde  aldre  linnan 

\mt  ftulme  a|wsere  for^  gewitenum  on  [feeder 
10     stsele  *wes  Jm  mund-bora  minum  mago-  1480 

Jiegnum  hond-gesellum  gif  mec  hild  nime. 

Swylce  ]m|%a  madmas  fe  Jm|me  sealdest 

hro^gar  leofa  hige-lace  onsend.  mseg 

fonne  on  Jisem  golde  ongitan  geata  dry- 
15     hten  *  geseon  sunu  hraedles  ]?on??e  he  on  jjset  1485 

sine  stara'S  \<zt  ic  gum-cystum  godne  funde 

beaga  bryttan  breao  Jjonwe  moste.  o?zcZ|]?u 

hunferS  laet  ealde  lafe  wrsetlic  wseg- 

sweord  wid-cu^ne  man  *heard-ecg  habban  1490 

20     ic  me  mid  hruntinge  dom  gewyrce 

1  ...  %um  Gt,  \jveor~\%um  K,  mcerdam  AB  ;  but  um  at  the  end  of  the 
word  is  still  distinct,  and  before  um  I  think  I  see  a  considerable  part  of  r$ 
covered  (but  the  last  letter,  according  to  what  seems  left,  might  equally  well 
be  d) ;  mce  entirely  gone  ||  n  in  sy^-\>an  entirely,  and  the  rest  of  tha  word 
partially,  covered. 

2  he  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  the  first  stroke  of  Ji  in  hine  covered. 

4  of  the  big  B  a  little  more  is  left  (covered)  than  is  reproduced  in  the  FS. 
(cf  1.  5)  ;  the  following  E  is  entire,  but  partially  covered  (BEO-  A,  Beo-  B). 
9  only  a  very  small  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  fjget  covered. 

se 

11  the  top  of  \)  in  \egnum  covered  ||  ge.llum  :  correction  in  the  same  hand. 


70  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  69  =  fol.  163r  =  11.  1491—1516. 

oj>$e  mec  dea'S  nimeft.  sefter  paem  worduw 

weder-geata  leod  efste  mid  elne  nalas  and- 

sware  bidan  wolde  brim-  wy  1m  onfeng  *hil-  1495 

de-rince  $a|w%8  hwil  daeges  ser  lie  bone 
5     grund-wong  ongytan  mehte.     Sona  tycet  011- 

funde  se'Se  floda  be-gong  heoro-gifre 

be-heold  hund  missera  grim  ond  grsedig  \cet  f  XT 

gumena  sum  *  aelwihta  eard  ufan  cunnode  1500 

grap  ba|to-geanes  guft-rinc  ge-feng  atolan 
10     clom-muin  no  by  ser  iiijge-scod  halan 

lice  liring  utan  ymb-bearh  Ipcet  heo  fone 

fyrd-hom  ^urh-fon  ne|mihte  *locene  leo^o-  1505 

syrcan  lafan  fingrum  baer  J?a  seo  brim- 

wyl  f  a|heo  to  botme  com  hringa  f  engel  to 
15     hofe  sinum  swa  he|ne  mihte  no|he  jjeem 

modig  wses  wsepna  gewealdan  ac  hine  wun- 

dra  paes  fela  *  swecte  on  sunde  sie-deor  1510 

monig  hilde-tuxum  here-syrcan  braac 

ehton  aglaecan  Sajse  eorl  ongeat  \cet  he 
20     ni^-sele  nat-hwylcum  waes  faer  him  nsenig 

waster  wihte  ne|sce]?ede  *ne|him  for  hrof-  1515 

sele  hrinan  ne  mehte  fasr-gripe  flodes 


AB  ;  now  in  gone  ||  n'ordum  A,  wordum  B  ;  now  gone. 

2  nalas  7  {and  B)  AB  ;  now  only  na  left. 

3  onfeng  AB  ;  now  g  gone  ||  Ml  B,  kid  A  ;  now  gone. 

5  on  (at  the  end  of  the  line)  AB  ;  now  only  the  beginning  of  the  o  left. 

7  \>(Kr  AB  ;  now  only  \>  and  the  very  beginning  of  ce  left. 

8  cunnode  AB  ;  now  de  gone. 

9  atolan  AB  ;  now  only  at  left.  10  nothing  after  halan  AB. 

12  leoZo  A.  leodo  B  ;  now  the  second  o  and  the  stroke  through  d  (to  make 
it  $)  gone. 


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fimim  Ja  liene- 


cii  fun  ^  /  f>  J^toj  i 


a?|tl  on^eu 


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1  7 

fi 


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flti  ,|f* 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  71 

p.  70  =  fol.  163r  =  11.  1516—1542. 
fyr-leoht  ge-seah  blacne  leoman  beorhte 
scinan  On-geat  J)a|se  goda  grund-wyrgenne 

mere-wif  mihtig  masgen-raes  for-geaf  *  hilde-  1520 

bille  hord  swenge  ne  of-teah  ]>cet  hire  on|ha- 
5     felan  hring-mael  agol  grsedig  gu^-leo^ 
'Sa  se|gist  onfand  ]>cet  se  beado-leoma  bitan 
nolde  aldre  sceb'San.  ac|seo  ecg  ge-swac 

*  Seodne  aet  bearfe  'Solode  ser  fela  hond-  1525 
gemota  helm  oft  gescaer  fseges  fyrd- 

10     hraegl  SSa  waes  forma  siS  deorum  madme 

]>cet  his  dom  alseg.  eft  wees  anrsed  nalas  elnes 

laet  *mser<Sa  ge-myndig  maeg  hylaces  wearp  1530 

Sa  wundel-msel  wrasttum  ge-bunden  yrre 

oretta  \od  hit  on  eorSSan  Iseg  stift  ond  styl-ecg 
15     strenge  ge-trawode  mund-gripe  msegenes 

swa  sceal  man  don  *bon^e  he  aet  gu^e  gegan  1535 

fenced  long-sumne  lof  na  ymb  his  lif  cea- 

ra'S.     Gefeng  ba|be  eaxle  nalas  for  faeh^e 

mearn  gu^-geata  leod  grendles  modor 
20     braegd  )>a  beadwe  heard  ba  he|ge-bolgen  \vses 

*  feorh-ge-nr5-lan  }>cet  heo  on|flet  gebeah  heo  1540 
him  eft  hrabe  handlean  forgeald  grim- 

1  fyr  leolit  (leolig  B)  AB  ;  now  only  t  left,  and  even  part  of  that  covered  || 
the  tops  of  a  and  h  in  ge-seah  covered  ||  the  top  of  I  in  leoman  covered  || 
"beorhte  (altered  from  beohrhte  B)  AB  ;  now  the  last  e  and  part  of  t  gone,  and 
all  that  is  left  of  t  and  the  greatest  part  of  h  and  the  top  of  b  covered. 

2  scinan  B,  sciman  (sc  added  with  another  ink)  A  ;  now  gone. 

3  mere  (m  with  another  ink  ?  B)  AB  ;  now  only  the  last  e  left,  and  that 
covered.  *  Mile  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  b  gone,  and  the  greatest 
part  of  what  is  left  of  it  and  the  top  of  II  covered. 

5  felan  AB  ;  nowfe  gone,  and  part  of  I  covered. 

6  $a  altered  from  da  with  another  ink  B,  da  A  ;  now  $  gone,  and  a  covered. 

7  nolde  A.  noldde  (nold  with  a  different  ink  ?)  B  ;  now  n  gone,  but  o  is  very 
likely  to  be  entirely  preserved,  although  I  cannot  read  it  under  the  paper. 

8  Zeodne  A,  ZeoZne  B  ;  now  only  due  legible  (part  of  d  covered),  but  the 
paper  is  likely  to  cover  one  or  two  more  letters. 

9  gemota  AB  ;  now  ge  gone,  and  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  covered. 

10  hrcegl  AB ;  now  Jir  gone,  and  there  is  no  telling  whether  or  no  ce  is 
entire,  as  that  part  of  it  which  is  covered  cannot  be  distinctly  made  out. 

11  $  (\>cet  B)  hit  AB ;  now  the  abbreviation  for  \>wt  and  the  top  of  h  gone, 
besides  part  of  h  covered. 

12  Icet  AB  ;  now  I  gone,  and  part  of  ce  covered  ||  nea.p :  correction  in  the 
same  hand.  l3  $a  AB  ;  now  $  gone  ||  originally  mceg,  but  g  crossed  out 
and  I  written  over  it. 

14  part  of  o  in  oretta  covered.         I6  s  in  swa  almost  entirely  covered. 
17  the  top  of  }>  in  \>ence%  covered.         18  only  very  little  of  r  in  ra$  covered. 
19  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  mearn  covered.      20  the  top  of  b  in  brcegd  covered. 
"  him  not  distinct  in  the  FS.  on  account  of  a  fold  in  the  parchment ;  it  is 
perfectly  distinct  in  the  MS, 


72  BEOWULF.     TRANSLITERATION    OP    THE    MS. 

p.  71  =  fol.  164'  =  11.  1542—1565. 

man  grapum  ond  him  to-geanes  feng  ofer-wearp 

ba  werig-mod  wigena  strengest  febe-cempa 

fat  he  on  |  fy  lie  wear^S.     *  Of-sset  ba  bone  selegyst  1545 

ond  hyre  seaxe  ge-teah  brad  brun-ecg  wolde 
5     hire  beam  wrecan  angan  eaferan  him  on 

eaxle  laeg  breost-net  broden  fat  ge-bearh 

feore  wrS  ord  ond\wi^  ecge  ingang  for-stod 

*  Haefde  S$a|for-stf5od  sunn  ecgbeowes  under  1550 

gynne  grund  geata  cempa  nemne 
10     him  hea'So-byrne  helpe  gefreme-de 

here-net  hearde  ond  halig  god  geweold  wig- 

sigor  witig  drihten  *  rodera  roedend  hit  1555 

on  ryht|ge-sced  y^elice  syjrSan  he  eft  astod 

.XXIII. 

15     I      '  E-seah  Sa  on|searwum  sige-eadig  bil  eald 
V>fl     sweord  eotenisc  ecgum  byhtig  wigena 

weor<$-mynd  fat  waepna  cyst  *  baton  hit  wses  1560 

mare  ^Sonne  aenig  mon  o^er  to  beadu-lace 

aet-beran  meahte  god  ond  geatolic  gigan- 
20     ta  ge-weorc.  he|ge-feng  ba  fetel-hilt 

freca  scyldinga  hreoh  ond  heoro-grim  hring- 

msel  ge-brsegd  *aldres  orwena  yrringa  1565 

a 

1  genes :  correction  in  the  same  hand  ;  the  s  is  torn  \\feng  torn  ;  in  the 
FS.  a  few  letters  of  165r  1.  1,  or  portions  of  them,  are  visible  (re  on  K)  ||  ivearp 
B,  tvearf  A  ;  now  wear  perfectly  distinct  still,  but  of  p  only  part  left ;  a 
modern  hand  has  written  off.r  ivearp  between  the  beginnings  of  the  first  and 
second  lines. 

3  selegyst  AB  :  now  st  gone. 

8  under  AB  ;  now  er  gone. 

13  astod  AB  ;  now  d  and  a  very  small  part  of  o  gone. 


mjie-  bem 


n  ec^ 
an  2:01-1  enjrenarj 


Inm 


con  frVbb 


l>v>rtne-  li-elpe-  s^r  item  eXf- 

1'  11'v  1" 

Irea^ie  iH^tuz;  5o^  $e|7et>t}v  y. 

i/;T:^7   fvofce-fta  jueicjiJ 
/Velice-  (yfian  Jie-epr  a] 


« 

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LI 

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ieu  ottee*  5ecp>w5      eat    ?te     ;a 


l>eliilrum   feg^  Ltxef 

It  i  I>»e  ftmc  e  ac 


a^ijui  •  W  lie  5-6  •  pofilire-  ^  p^j 

n<€nn&  f& 
fiearaf"  f/o/; 


-         fpc?e  trjt^ir  uo/ccf  ^^n^ 
j^Vcji  fpylc 

*  Ifttn  pojt  ^ertii  ]te|;e 
^-rj     onue  z;efexn  ^u^eu 


»i  ,No^i  ±ea(n€r  fpa  j^nn  tiTji 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  73 

p.  72  =  fol.  164r  =  11.  1565—1591. 

sloh  \icet  hire  wiS  halse  heard  grapode  ban- 

hringas  braec  bil  eal  ^urh-wod  fsegne  flsesc- 

homan  heo  on  net  ge-crong  sweord  wses  swa- 

tig  secg  weorce  ge-feh  *lixte  se  leoma  1570 

5     leoht  inne  stod  efne  swa  of  hefeue  hadre 

seined  rodores  candel  he  aefter  recede 

wlat.     Hwearf  ba|be  wealle  waepen  hafena- 

de  heard  be  hiltum  hige-laces  ftegn  *  yrre  1575 

ond  anraed.  nees  seo  ecg  fracod  hilde-rince  ac  he 
10     hrabe  wolde  grendle  forgyldan  girSnesa 

fela  ^ara  be  he  ge-worhte  to|\vest-denum 

of  tor  micle  Sonne  on  senne  sr5  *  }>owie  he  1580 

hro^-gares  heor3-ge-neatas  sloh  onjsweo 

fote  slaepende  freet  folces  denigea  fyfty- 
15     ne  men  ond  o'Ser  swylc  ut  of-ferede  la'S-licu 

lac  he  him  bses  lean  for-geald  *  rebe  cempa  1535 

tosses.  be|he  on|r0este  ge-seah  gu^-vverigne 

grendel  licgan  aldor-leas-ne  swa  him  ser 

gescod  hild  set  heorote  hra  wide  sprong 
20     syb'San  he  aefter  deafte  drepe  browade 

*heoro-sweng  heardne  ond  hine  ba  heafde  1590 

be-cearf.     Sona  Ipcet  gesawon  snottre 

1  sloh  AB  ;  now  s  gone  and  the  top  of  I  covered  ||  part  of  the  abbreviation 
for  \>cet  and  the  top  of  h  in  hire  covered  ||  e  wi%  h  torn  |j  the  tops  of  d  in  heard 
and  of  b  in  ban  covered. 

2  the  top  of  h  in  hringas  covered.       3  a  great  part  of  h  in  homan  covered. 
4  part  of  t  in  tig  covered.  6  part  of  s  in  seined  covered. 

7  rvlat  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  w  gone,  and  I  torn. 

8  de  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  part  of  h  in  heard  covered. 

9  T  (and  B)  anrced  AB ;  now  the  abbreviation  for  \><x,t  and  the  first  part 
of  a  gone,  the  rest  of  a  and  the  lower  part  of  n  covered  ||  noes  (altered  from 
nes  in  the  same  hand)  follows  closely  the  preceding  word,  but  a  stop  was 
afterwards  inserted  in  order  to  separate  it  (of.  note  to  fol.  135T  1.  20). 

10  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  h  in  hra]>e  covered. 

11  fela  AB  ;  now  fe  almost  entirely  faded. 

12  oftor  AB  ;  now  part  of  of  gone. 

13  hrod  A,  Hrod  B  ;  now  h  gone,  and  part  of  r  covered. 

14  fote  AB ;  now  part  of  /  gone,  and  almost  all  that  is  left  of  it  as  well  as 
part  of  o  covered.  16  part  of  la  in  lac  covered. 

18  only  a  little  of  g  in  grendel  covered  ||  a  cross  after  aldor-leas-ne  over  the 
line,  and  another  in  the  right  margin:  it  seems  to  me  possible  that  thus 
this  passage  was  marked  by  a  reader  who  thought  that  it  might  throw  some 
light  on  aldor  .  .  ase  in  1.  14  of  fol.  129r. 

19  a  small  part  of  g  in  gescod  covered. 

20  *•  in  i>y\>Zaii  torn.  "  the  (op  of  be  in  be-cearf  covered. 


74  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS. 

p.  73  =  fol.  165'  =  11.  1591— 1G16. 

ceorlas  pafte  mid  hro^-gare  on  liolm  wliton 

p cet  waas  yft-ge-blond  eal  ge-menged  brim  blode 

fah  blonden-feaxe  *gomele  ymb  godne  1595 

on-geador  spraacon  Ipcet  hig  pa3S  ae'Selinges 
5     eft  ne  wendon  p cet  he  sige-lire^ig  secean 

come  mserne  peoden  pa  ^aes  monige  ge- 

wearS  \ast  nine  seo  brim-wylf  abreoten  haaf- 

de.  *  'Sa  com  non  daeges  nass  of-geafon  hwate  1600 

scyldingas  ge-wat  him  ham  ponon  gold- wine 
10     gume-na  gistas  secan  modes  seoce  ond  on 

mere  staredon  wiston  ond  ne  wendon  }>cet  hie 

heora  wine-drihten  *selfne  ge-sawon  pa  pce£  1605 

sweord  ongan  aefter  heapo-swate  hilde- 

gicelum  wig-bil  wanian  paet  wses  wundra 
15     sum.  \ast  hit  eal  gemealt  ise  ge-licost  'Sonne 

forstes  bend  faeder  on-laete^  ^onwinde^  wael-  1610 

rapas  se|ge-weald  hafa^  saala  ond\wseH&  past 

is  so^  metod.  ne  nom  he  in  paam  wicum  weder- 

geata  leod  ma^m-aehta  ma  peh  he  paar 
20     monige  ge-seah  buton  pone  hafelan 

ond  pa  hilt  somod  *  since  fage  sweord  aar  ge-  1615 

mealt  for-barn  broden  mael  woes  Ipcet  blod 

1  holm,  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  m  gone  ||  mliton  AB ;  now  gone. 
a  m  in  brim  torn  ||  blode  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  5,  a  great  part  of  Z,  and  the 
whole  of  ode  gone  (cf.  FS.). 

7  foe/'AB;  now /almost  entirely  gone. 

8  htvate  AB  ;  now  te  and  the  second  half  of  a  gone. 

9  wine  AB ;  now  gone. 

10  on  AB  ;  now  n  gone. 

15  $  A,   \><Kt  B  ;   now  the  right  half  of  the  horizontal  stroke  in  the 
abbreviation  for  \>cet  gone. 

16  wcel  AB ;  now  I  gone. 


^lonben  pea^e-  -.50  mete-  y 
or.  -$&&op,  fyfttfcon  JTjnj  j^etn^ 


come 

Jf  Jime  fft? 


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(%e 


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16/1^1  uui  |^^/i  he  ^i 
I>uro)7  j^one  Impelan 
"]]>a  Wr  fcmc^.  fmce  fa^e-  fpd>|/^  ^15*^ 
c        i  t^mrr  Ltc>fl|  fti^w  paf^Ut^ 


ytnman 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  75 

p.  74  =  fol.  165T  =  11.  1616—1640. 

to  bses  hat  settren  ellor-gsest  se  baer 

inne  swealt.     Sona  wses  on  sunde  sebe 

ser  set  ssecce  ge-bad  wig-hryre  wra'Sra 

wseter  up  burh-deaf  *  wseron  yft-ge-bland  1620 

5     eal  ge-fselsod  eacne  eardas  J>a|se  ellor- 

gast  oflet  lif-dagas  ond  fas  Isenan  ge-sceafi 

Com  ba|to  lande  lid-manna  helm  swtfS- 

mod  swymman  sae-lace  gefeah  *msegen-  1625 

byrbenne  bara  be  he  him  mid  hsefde. 
10     Eodon  him  ba|to-geanes  gode  bancodon 

Sry^-lic  begna  heap  beodnes  ge-fegon 

baes  be  hi  hyne  ge-sund-ne  geseon  moston. 

'Sa  wses  of  bsem  hroran  helm  ond  byrne 

*lungre  alysed  lagu  drusade  waster  1630 

15     under  wolcnum  wsel-dreore  fag.  ferdon 

for^  fonon  fefe-lastum  ferhjjum 

fsegne  fold-weg  mseton  cu]?e  strsete 

cyning-balde  men  *  from  J?aem  holm-  1635 

clife  hafelan  bseron  earfo^-lice  heora 
20     seg-hwaajjrum  fela  modigra  feower  scoldon 

on  |)89m  wsel-stenge  weorcum  geferian  to 

Jjsern  gold-sele  grendles  heafod  *  ojrSaet  1640 

1  to  ]>(KS  AB  ;  now  only  s  legible  (there  may  be  another  letter  covered, 
but,  at  any  rate,  it  cannot  be  made  out)  ||  a  small  part  of  a  and  the  greater 
part  of  t  in  hat  covered  ||  the  top  of  ce  in  cettren  covered  ||  ellor  altered  from 
ellen  in  the  same  hand  ||  \>(K,r  AB ;  now  part  of  r  gone,  as  it  seems  (I  cannot 
make  out  how  much  of  it  is  only  covered). 

2  inne  AB ;  now  only  e  left. 

*  cer  AB  ;  now  part  of  ce  gone,  and  nearly  all  that  is  left  of  it  as  well  as 

part  of  r  covered  ||  scece :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

6  gast  AB  ;  now  g  no  longer  entire,  and  part  of  it  as  well  as  of  a  covered. 

7  only  very  little  of  C  covered.         8  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  mod  covered. 
9  ~byr\>enne  AB  ;  now  by  gone. 

0  Eodon  AB  ;  now  ^gone,  and  a  very  small  part  of  the  first  o  covered. 

11  %ry$  A,  %ryd  altered  from  dnjd  with  a  different  ink  B ;  now  only  the 
right  half  of  the  cross  stroke  of  the  first  $  gone,  but  the  upper  part  of  this  $ 
entirely  covered. 


76  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   M-3. 

p.  75  =  fol.  166r  =  11.  1640—1662. 

semninga  to|sele  comon  frome  fyrd- 

hwate  feowertyne  geata  gongan  gum- 

dryhten  mid  modig  on  ge-monge  meodo- 

wongas  traed.     'Salcom  in  gan  ealdor 
5     ^egna  *  daed-cene  mon  dome  ge-wurbad  1 6 15 

haele  hilde-deor  hro'S-gar  gretan.  ba 

wees  be|feaxe  on  flet  boren  grend-les 

heafod  paer  guman  druncon  eges-lic  for 

eorluni  ond\]>ddTe  idese  mid  *  wlite-seon  wrset-  1650 

10     lie  weras  onsawon. 

.XXIIII 

BEO-wulf  mabelode  beam  ecg-beowes 
hwset  we  be  fas  seelac  sunu  healfdenas 
leod  scyldinga  lustura  brobton  tires 

15     to  tacne  be  bu  ber  to|locast.   *  ic  \&t  un-  1655 

softe  ealdre  ge-digde  wigge  under 
waetere  weorc  genebde  earfo'S-lice 
set  ribte  wses  gu^  ge-twaefed  nym^e 
mec  god  scylde.     Ne|meabte  ic  get|hil- 

20     de  mid  bruntinge  *  wiht  ge-wyrcan  16 GO 

J?eab  f  ad  waepen  duge.     ac  me  ge-irSe 
ylda  waldend  $cet  ic  on  |  wage  geseab  wlitig 

2  gum  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  m  gone,  and  also  of  the  preceding  one 
only  very  little  left. 

3  meodo  AB  ;  now  the  last  o  all  but  entirely  gone,  and  d  torn. 

5  wur\>ad  AB  ;  now  ad  gone.       6  ]>a  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  a  g  ne. 

8  for  AB  ;  now  or  gone. 

9  tvrcet  AB ;  now  cet  and  an  inconsiderable  part  of  r  gone. 
11  IIII  altered  from  V  ?  12  \>eomes  AB  ;  now  s  gone. 

13  the  accent  on  see  not  quite  certain  ||  -denes  AB ;  now  the  top  of  <Le  last 
e  and  the  whole  of  8  except  its  lowest  part  gone. 


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BEOWULF:    TBANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS.  77 

p.  76  =  fol.  166V  =  11.  1662—1685. 

hangian  eald  sweord  eacen  of  tost  wisode 

winigea  leasum  ]>cet  ic  fty  wsepne  gebraeJ. 

*  ofsloh  fta  set  baere  ssecce  ba  me  ssel  1665 

ageald  huses  hyrdas  ba  bce£  hilde-bil  for- 
5     "barn  brogden  msel.  swa  bce£  blod  ge-sprang 

hatost  heabo-swata  ic  b«tf  hilt  banan  feon- 

dum  set-ferede  fyren-daeda  wrsec  *  deaft-  1670 

cwealm  denigea  swa  hit  ge-defe  wses.  ic 

hit  be  ]>oiwe  ge-hate  ]>cet  bu  on  heorote  most 
10     sorh-leas  swefan  mid  binra  secga  ge-dryht 

ond  begna  ge-hwylc  binra  leoda  dugirSe  ond\\Q 

gobe  botf  bu  him  on-drsedan  ne[bearft  *  beo-  1675 

den  scyldinga  on  Jja  healfe  aldor-bealu 

eorlum  swa  ]?u  ser  dydest.  'Sa  wses  gylden 
15     hilt  gamelum  rince  harum  hild-fru- 

man  on  hand  gyfen  enta  aer-ge-weorc 

hit  on  seht  ge-hwearf  *  aefter  deofla  hry-  1680 

re  denigea  frean  wundor-smijja  ge- 

weorc  ond  fa  fas  worold  of-geaf  grom- 
20     heort  guma  godes  ands&ca,  mor^res  scyl- 

dig  ond\his  modor  eac  on|ge-weald  ge-hwe 
arf  worold-cyninga  *  Saem  selestan  be  1685 

I  hangian  A,  hantgian  B  ;  now  ha  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  first 
n  covered  ||  the  top  of  d  in  wisode  covered. 

winigea  B,  nimgea  A  ;  now  wi  gone,  and  n  covered. 
ofsloh  AB  ;  now  of  gone,  and  part  of  s  covered. 
ageald  AB  ;  now  the  first  a  gone,  and  part  of  g  covered. 
barn  AB ;  now  ba  gone,  and  part  of  r  covered. 

hatost  AB  ;   now  ha  gone,  and   part  of   the  first  t   covered  ||  hea])0 : 
correction  in  the  same  hand. 

7  dum  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  d  gone,  and  the  upper  part  of  it  entirely 
covered. 

8  cwealm  AB  ;  now  c  and  the  lower  part  of  w  gone,  and  nearly  all  that  is 
left  of  tv  covered. 

9  hit  AB  ;  now  hi  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  t  covered. 

10  sorh  AB ;  now  so  gone. 

II  T  A,  and  B  ;  now  only  the  lower  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  left, 
and  that  covered  ||  the  greater  part  of  \>  in  \>egna  covered. 

12  part  of  g  in  go\>e  covered.  13  only  very  little  of  d  in  den  covered. 

18  very  little  of  h  in  hilt  covered. 

16  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  man  covered.        17  very  little  of  h  in  hit  covered 


78  ShOWULF.    TRANSLITERATION   OF   THE   MS. 

p.  77  =  fol.  167r  =  11.  1685—1708. 

ssern  tweonum  'Sara  pe  on  scedenigge  sceat- 

tas  dselde.  hro'S-gar  rna^elode  hylt 

sceawode  ealde  lafe  onl'Ssem  wses  or  wri- 

ten  fyrn-ge-winnes.  sy'S-pan  flod  of-sloh 
5     *gifen  geotende  giganta  cyn  frec-ne  ge-  1690 

fer'don  fycet  wses  frem-de  peod  ecean  drylitne 

him  pses  ende-lean  purh  wseteres  wylrn 

waldend  sealde.     Swa  wses  on^aeni  scennum 

sciran  goldes  *purh  run-stafas  rihte  ge-  1695 

10     mearcod  geseted  cw<i|gessed  hwam  Ipcet  sweord 

ge-worht  irena  cyst  serest  wsere  wreo- 

pen-hilt  o??c?|wyrm-fah  'Sajse  wisa  sprsec  su- 

nu  healf-denes  swigedon  ealle.  *lpcet  la  1700 

maeg  secgan  sepe  so^  ow<i|riht  fremeft 
15     on  folce  feor  eal  ge-mon  eald.  e^>e?.-weard 

peeves  eorl  wsere  geboren  betera  blsed  is 

arsered  geond  wid-wegas  wine  min  beowulf 

*  ftin  ofer  peoda  ge-hwylce  eal  pu  hit  ge-  1 705 

jjyldum  healdest  msegen  mid  |  modes  snyt- 
20     trum  ic  pe  sceal  mine  gelsestan  freo^e 

swa  wit  furSum  spraacon  'Su  scealt  to  fro- 

fre  weorpan  eal|lang-twidig  leodum  pinum 

I  the  first  g  in  scedenigge  altered  from  n  ;  the  second  g  and  the  following 
e  torn  ||  sceat  AB  ;  now  gone. 

3  tvri  AB  ;  now  gone.  4  sloli  AB  ;  now  loll  and  the  top  of  s  gone. 

6  the  top  of  the  second  e  in  frec-ne  indistinct  ||  ge  AB ;  now  gone. 
6  dryTitne  AB  ;  now  trie  and  a  small  part  of  h  gone. 

8  scennifm  A.  scennum  B ;  now  only  seen  and  the  very  beginning  of  the 
second  n  left. 

9  ge  AB  ;  now  gone.  10  stveord  AB ;  now  rd  gone. 

II  wreo  AB ;  now  only  TV  and  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  left. 

12  su  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  s  gone,  and  of  u  only  a  very  small  part  of  the 
first  stroke  left. 

15  wear  A  AB  ;  now  d  and  the  second  part  of  r  gone. 

16  is  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  i  and  the  whole  of  s  gone. 

17  beorvolr  A,  Beowulf  B  ;  now  idf  and  the  upper  half  of  m  gone. 

20  I  think  the  MS .  has  freoZe,  not  freode ;  although  the  left  half  of  the 
cross  stroke  in  <5  has  entirely  faded,  yet  the  place  where  it  was  is  discernible, 
and  the  right  half  of  it  is  left. 

22  fre\  the  /  afterwards  added  in  another  hand  ||  d  erased  between  r  and  \> 
in  rveor}>an  1 


; 


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monnff  mob 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  79 

p.  78  =  fol.  167T  =  11.  1709—1731. 

hsele'Sum  to  helpe  ne  wear^S  here-mod 

swa  *eaforum  ecg-welan  ar-scyldingum.  1710 

Ne  geweox  he  him  to  willan  ac  to  wael-feal- 

le  ond  to  dea^-cwalum  deniga  leodura  breat 
5     bolgen-mod  beod-ge-neatas  eaxl-ge- 

steallan  ob  fycet  he  ana  hwearf  *  msere  Jjeo-  1715 

den.  mon-dreamura  from  ^eah  be  hine 

mihtig  god  msegenes  wynnura  eafebum 

stepte  ofer  ealle  men  forS  gefreme- 
10     de  hwsebere  him  on  ferhbe  greow  breost- 

hord  blod-reow  nallas  beagas  geaf.  *de-  1720 

num  sefter  dome  dream-leas  ge-bad  \cei 

he  fees  ge-winnes  weorc  bro-wade  leod-bea- 

lo  longsum  ^u  be  Iser  be  bon  gim-cyste 
15     on-git.  ic  bis  gid  be  be  awrsec  wintram. 

frod  wundor  is  to  secganne  *lm  mihtig  1725 

god  manna  cynne  burn  sidne  sefan 

snyttru  brytta'S  card  ond  eorl-scipe  he 

ah  ealra  ge-weald.  hwilum  he  on  lufan  Ise- 
20     te'S  hworfan  monnes  mod-ge-bonc  mse- 

ran  cynnes.  *  Sele^  him  on  ejjle  eorfan  1730 

wynne  to  healdanne  hleo-burh  wera 


1  hcele%um  (S  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B,  hceledum  A  ;  now  only 
left  ($  is  torn  asunder  and  in  part  covered). 

2  swa  AB  ;  now  nothing  left  but  a  small  trace  of  «. 

3  Ne  (ne  B)  geweox  AB ;  now  Ne  and  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what 
is  left  of  g  covered ;  the  first  e  in  geweox  written  over  the  line  in  the  same 
hand. 

4  le  -j  (And  B)  AB ;  now  le  and  the  upper  part  of  the  abbreviation  for 
ond  gone. 

5  bolgen  AB ;  now  bo  and  the  upper  part  of  I  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  I 
and  part  of  g  covered  ||  some  letter  (a  ?)  erased  between  ge  and  neatas. 

6  steallan  AB  ;  now  ste  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  a  covered. 

7  den  AB  ;  now  d  gone,  and  e  covered  (but  I  cannot  say  positively  that  e  ia 
entire). 

8  mihtig  AB  ;  now  mi  gone. 

9  stepte  AB;  now  ste  gone,  and  part  of  p  covered  ||/0rfc  distinct  in  the 
MS.  notwithstanding  a  modern  ink  blot. 

10  de  AB  ;  now  d  gone,  and  of  e  only  part  of  the  horizontal  stroke  left  || 
fer,h\>e :  the  correction  in  a  different  hand  ||  br'ost :  the  correction  in  the  same 
hand. 

11  hard  AB  ;  now  h  gone,  and  o  covered. 

12  num  AB  ;  I  cannot  ascertain  under  the  paper  whether  only  the  second 
stroke  of  n  or  the  whole  of  it  is  preserved  before  um. 

13  part  of  Ti  in  Tie  covered.  14  lo  AB  ;  now  I  gone. 

16  part  of/  in  frod  covered.  17  part  of  g  in  god  covered. 

22  the  top  of  w  in  wynne  covered  (the  paper  is  removable  here). 


80  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  79  =  168r  =11.  1732—1752. 
ge-de'S  him  swa  ge-wealdene  worolde  dae- 
las  side  rice  f  cet  he  his  selfa  ne  mseg 

his  unsnyttrum  ende  ge-pencean.  *wuna$  1735 

he  on  wiste  no  hine  wiht  dwele^S  adl 
5     ne  yldo  ne  him  inwit-sorh  on]sefa[n] 
sweorce'S  ne]ge-sacu  ohwser  ecg-hete 
eowe^S  ac  him  eal  worold  wended  on  wil- 
lan  he  fset  wyrse  ne  con. 

.XXV. 

*r\ 

10     I     1$  \<xt  him  on  in-nan  ofer-hygda  dael  weaxe'S  1740 

\J  ond  wrida'S  bonwe  se  weard  swefe'S  sawelc  hyrde 

biS  se  slsep  to|faest  bis-gum  gebunden 

bona  swrSe  neah  sebe  of  nan-bogan 

fyrenum  sceoteS  *Tponne  bi^  on  hrefre  1745 

1 5     under  helm  drepen  biteran  straele 

him  be-beorgan  ne  con  worn  wun-dor- 

be-bodum  wergan  gastes  finceS  him 

tojlytel  fycet  he  lange  heold  gyt- 

sa^  grom-hydig  nallas  on  gylp 
20     seleS  *fsedde  beagas  ond\he  fa  for^-  1750 

gesceaft  for-gyte'S  on^|for-gyme^ 

faes  fe  him  ser  god  sealde  wuldres 

1  worolde  dee  AB  ;  now  dee  and  the  upper  part  of  the  preceding  e  gone. 

2  mceg  AB  ;  now  ceg  gone. 

tin 

3  .snyttrum  :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand  ||  n'ima%  ($  altered  from  d 
with  a  different  ink)  B,    tvunad  A  ;  now  only  w  and  a  very  small  part  of  ?/  left. 

4  adl  AB  ;  now  I  gone. 

5  sefad  (d  altered  to  $  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  sefa  left. 

6  the  e  in  ecg  is  not  quite  clear  ||  he te  AB  ;  now  only  h  and  the  greatest 
part  of  the  following  e  left. 

7  rvil  AB  ;  now  II  gone. 

9  V  after  XX  illegible  in  consequence  of  a  modern  blot. 

10  iveaxe^  Gt,  meaxed  AB,  weax\_e%~\  K  ;  now  only  tvea  left. 

11  hyrde  AB  ;  now  only  h  and  part  of  y  left. 

12  gebunden  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  the  last  n  gone. 
18  to  imperfectly  erased  b'etween  he  and  lange. 


<S&:  •;<>•£&  *r  •*• 


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1  •  .' 

tie-  htm  niniz  (onli 


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-  j 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  81 

p.  80  =  fol.  168y  =  11.  1752-1776. 

•waldend  weorS-mynda  dsel.  hit  on  ende- 

stsef  eft  ge-limpe^  \cet  se  lic-homa 

Isene  ge-dreose^  *fsege  ge-f  called  feh^  ?fier  1755 

to  sebe  un-murn-lice  mad-mas  dselep 
5     eorles  ser-ge-streon  egesan  ne  gyme%. 

be-beorh  be  ^one  bealo-nr3  beowulf  leofa 

secg  betsta  ond  be  Ipcet  selre  geceos  *ece  raedas  1760 

ofer-hyda  ne  gym  maere  cem})a  nu  is  pines 

msegnes  bleed  ane  hwile  eft  sona  br3  Ipcet 
10     pec  adl  o^^e  ecg  eafobes  ge-twrcfetS  o^^e 

fyres  feng  o^e  nodes  wyhn  ^o^e  gripe  1765 

nieces  o'Sfte  gares  fliht  o^e  atol  yldo 

o'S'Se  eagena  bearhtm  forsite^  cwrf|for-swor- 

ceS  seniuinga  brS.  $cet  'Sec  dryht-guma  dea^S 
15     ofer-swy'SeS  swa  ic  hring-dena  liund  misse- 

ra  *weold  under  \volcuuin  ond  hig  wig-ge  be-  1770 

leac  manigum  maegba  geond  pysne  mid- 

dan-geard.  sescum  ond  ecgum  \ae,t  ic  me  senig- 

ne  under  swegles  begong|ge-sacan  ne 
20     tealde.  hwaet  me  paes  on|ej?le  ed-\vendan 

cwom  *gyrn  eefter  gomene  seojj^an  gren-  1775 

del  wearS  eald  ge-\vinna  ingeiiga  min. 

1  waldend  AB ;  now  mold  gone,  and  the  greatest  part  of  e  covered  |[  the 
top  of  (I  in  ends  covered. 

2  stcef  cannot  well  have  originally  stood  at  the  beginning  of  this  line,  but 
there  is  nothing  wanting,  nor  is  there  anything  in  AB,  between  ende  and  stcef; 
perhaps  a  word  (ende  ??)  erased  before  stcefl 

3  Icene  B,  lane  A  ;  now  gone  ||/<s&*  •'  correction  in  another  hand. 
*  to  AB  ;  now  gone.  6  eorles  AB  ;  now  ear  gone. 

6  be  beork  AB  ;  now  the  first  be  and  the  top  of  the  following  b  gone,  and 
part  of  what  is  left  of  that  b  covered. 

7  secg  AB ;  now  s  gone,  and  e  and  a  very  small  part  of  c  covered. 

8  ofer  AB  ;  now  of  gone,  and  part  of  er  covered. 

9  mcegnes  AB  ;  now  m  and  part  of  ce  gone,  and  the  rest  of  ce  and  part  of  g 
covered.          10  \>ec  AB  ;  now  \>e  and  part  of  c  gone,  and  the  rest  of  c  covered. 

11  fyres  AB  ;  now/^  gone. 

12  meces  AB  ;   now  the  first  stroke  of  m  gone,  and  the  second  entirely,  the 
third  all  but  entirely  covered. 

13  otte  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  S  covered. 

14  ce%>  A,  ced  B  ;  now  c  gone,  and  almost  the  whole  of  e  and  the  top  of  % 
covered  (I  cannot,  however,  say  positively  that  nothing  of  e  is  gone). 

15  ofer  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  a  very  small  part  of  /  covered. 

16  ra  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  r  gone.  17  leac  A  (the  whole  line 
omitted  in  B) ;  now  I  either  gone  or  so  covered  as  not  to  be  made  out. 

18  dan  (d  altered  to  $  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;   the  paper  covering  the 
margin  here  is  so  thick  that  there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  d,  part  of  which 
only  is  not  covered,  is  still  entire  before  an. 

19  part  of  n  in  the  first  ne  covered. 

21  part  of  c  in  cwom,  covered  ||  gyrn. :  correction  in  the  same  hand. 
BEOWULF.  Q 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 
p.  81  =  fol.  169'  =  11.  1777—1802. 

Ic  paere  socne  singales  wseg  mod-ceare 

micle  pses  sig  metode  fane  ecean  dryht- 

ne  pses  SSe  ic  on  aldre  ge-bad  *lpcet  ic  on  pone  1780 

hafelan  heoro-dreorigne  ofer  eald  ge- 
5     win  eagum  starige.  ga|nu  to  setle  sym- 

bel-wynne  dreoh  wigge  weorpad  unc  sceal 

worn  fela  map-ma  ge-msenra  sip'San  mor- 

gen  br<$.  *geat  wees  glsed-rnod  geong  sona  to  1785 

setles  neosan  swa  se  snot-tra  heht.  pa  wses 
10     eft  swa  ser  ellen-rofum  flet-sittendmn 

fsegere  ge-reorded  niowan  stefne  niht- 

helm  ge-swearc  *deorc  ofer  dryht-gumura  1790 

dugu'S  eal  aras  wolde  blonden-feax  bed- 

des  neosan  gamela  scylding  geat  unig- 
15     metes  wel.  rofne  rand-wigan  restan  lyste 

sona  him  sele-pegn  srSes  wergum  *feorran-  1795 

cundum  for^  wisade  se  for  andrysnum 

ealle  be-weotene  pegnes  pearfe  swylce 

py  dogore  heapo-ltfSende  habban  scold  on. 
20     reste  nine  pa  rum-heort  reced  hlmade 

*geap  ond  gold-fah  gsest  inne  swaef  op  ]>cet  hrefn  1800 

blaca  heofones  wynne  bli^-heort  bodode 


1  ceare  AB ;  now  the  last  e  gone. 

2  drylit  AB ;  now  only  slight  traces  of  dr  left,  yht  entirely  gone. 

3  \>one  AB ;  now  ne  and  the  top  of  \>  gone. 

4  eald  ge  AB  ;  now  only  eal  left.  5  sym  AB  ;  now  gone. 

6  sceal  AB  ;  now  gone. 

7  mor  AB  ;  now  gone  except  the  first  stroke  of  m. 

8  sona  to  AB  ;  now  to  and  the  second  half  of  a  gone. 

9  \>a  wees  AB ;  now  only  \>  left.  n  niht  AB  ;  now  Tit  gone. 

12  h  in  drylit  altered  from  some  other  letter  ||  gumnm  A,  gumum  B  ;   now 
only  gu  and  the  first  two  strokes  of  the  first  m  left. 
15  lyste  AB ;  now  te  and  the  top  of  s  gone. 
19  e  in  dogore  added  in  another  hand. 


1tea 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

83 

p.  82  =  fol.  169V  =  11.  1802—1826. 
fta  com  beorht  scacan  seaman  onetton 

waaron  sebelingas  eft  to  leodum  *fuse  to  1805 

farene  ne|wolde  feor  banon  cuma  col- 
len-ferh'S  ceoles  neosan.     Heht  ba  se  hear- 
5     da  hrunting  beran  SUBU  ecglafes  heht 
his  sweord  niman  leoflic  iren  ssegde  him 

J>ses  leanes  bane  ^cwse^  he  bone  gu'S-wine  1810 

godne  tealde.  wig-craeftigne  nales 
wordum  log  nieces  ecge  \czt  wses  modig  secg 
10     ond  ba  si^S-frome  searwum  gearwe  wigend  waeron. 

Eode  weor^  denum  *aebelmg  to  yppan  1815 

Jjser  se  ober  waes  helle  hilde-deor  hro'S- 
gar  grette. 

XXVI. 

15      IJeowulf  mabelode  beam  ecg-Jjeowes  nu 

ff  we  sseli^end  secgan  wylla'S  feorran  cu- 

mene  ]>cet  we  fuudiab  *hige-lac  secan  waeron  1820 

her  tela  willum  be-wenede  Jm|us  wel  dohtest. 

Gif  ic  bonne  on  eorban  owihte  maeg  Jrin- 
20     re  mod-lufan  maran  tilian.  gumena 

dryhten  ^onne  ic  gyt  dyde  ^gu^-ge-  1825 

weorca  ic  beo  gearo  sona.  gif  ic  J?set  ge- 

1  %a  com  (a  and  c  on  an  erasure)  B,  a  blank  A ;   now  nothing  left  but 
indistinct  traces  of  m  \\  the  top  of  b  in  beorht  covered. 

2  tvceron  (on  an  original  blank  with  another  ink  A)  AB  ;   now  only  n  left, 
and  even  that  is  imperfect. 

3  farene  B,  arene  A  ;  now  far  gone. 

4  len  ferhd  B,  en  ferhS  A  ;  now  len  and  the  greater  part  of  /  gone,  and 
what  is  left  of  /  covered. 

6  da  hrunting  AB  ;  now  da  h  gone,  and  the  first  part  of  r  covered. 

6  his  sweord  AB ;  now  only  tveord  and  the  top  of  the  second  s  left,  the 
latter  entirely  covered. 

7  \><xs  AB ;  now  \>ce  gone,  and  s  all  but  entirely  covered. 

8  godne  AB  ;  now  go  gone,  and  d  covered. 

9  wordum  AB  ;  now  nor  and  part  of  d  gone,  the  rest  of  d  covered. 

10  -j  (and  B)  }>a  AB  ;  now  only  a  left,  and  even  part  of  that  covered. 

11  Eode  A,  eode  B  ;   now  E  and  the  first  half  of  o  gone,  and  the  second 
half  of  o  covered  ||  after  afyeling  two  or  three  letters  erased. 

12  \>cer  AB  ;  now  \XK  gone,  and  a  very  small  part  of  r  covered. 

13  gar  AB ;  now  g  gone,  and  part  of  a  covered  (it  is  not  certain  that  a  is 
entire). 

14  originally  XXVII,  but  the  last  I  erased. 

15  Beowulf  AB  ;  now  Be  gone,  and  part  of  o  covered  (I  cannot  ascertain 
whether  o  is  entire). 

16  fve  AB  ;  now  TV  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  e  covered. 

17  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  mene  covered. 

18  part  of  h  in  her  covered  j|  wenede  altered  from  nerede. 

19  part  of  G  covered. 

G  2 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

ol 

p.  83  =  fol.  170r  =  11.  1826—1850. 

fricge  ofer  floda  begang  ]>cet  pec  ymb- 

eittend  egesan  pywaft  swa  pec  hetende 

hwilum  dydon.     Ic  fte  pusenda  pegna  brin- 

ge  *  hselepa  to  helpe  ic|on  hige-lace  1830 

5     wat  geata  dryhten  peah  'Se  he  geong 

sy  folces  hyrde  ]>cet  he  mec  fremman 

wile  weordum  owt?|worcum  \cet  ic  pe  wel  herige 

ond  pe  to  geoce  gar-holt  bere  *maegenes  1835 

fultum  pser  KG  brS  manna  pearf  gif 
10     him  ponne  hreprinc  to  hofinn  geata 

gepinged  peodnes  beam  he  maeg  paer  fe- 

la.  freonda  findan  feor-cyp^e  beo^ 

selran  gesohte  psem  pe  him  selfa  deah. 

*Hro!S-gar  mapelode  him  on  a??c?sware  pe  1840 

15     pa  word-cwydas  wigtig  drihten  on  sefan 

sende  ne  hyrde  ic  snotor-licor  on  swa 

geongum  feore  guman  pingian  pu  eart 

maegenes  strang  ondlon  mode  frod  *  wis  word-  1845 

cwida  wen  ic  talige  gif  ]pcet  ge-gange'S  paet 
20     ^5e|gar  nyme^S  hild  heoru-grim-me  hrep- 

les  eaferan  adl  op^e  iren  ealdor  'Sinne 

folces  hyrde  ond  pu  pin  feorh  hafast.  *  \czt  pe  1850 

I  ymb  MS.,  not  ynibe :  what  Kolbing  and  Wiilcker  have  taken  for  an  e  or 
the  remnant  of  an  e,  is  part  of  ce  in  the  beginning  of  the  first  line  of  the  back 
page. 

8  hetende  AB  ;  now  nde  gone. 

"  Irin  (in  added  with  another  ink  on  an  erasure  A)  AB  ;  now  in  gone. 
4  lace  torn,  but  certain. 

6  wat  altered  from  mac  with  another  ink. 

7  herige  AB  ;  now  ge  gone. 

9  gif  AB  ;  now  only  g  left. 

II  fe  AB  ;  now  e  not  quite  distinct. 

13  deah.  A,  deah  B  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  h  and  the  stop  gone. 
19  the  abbreviation  for  J^set  altered  from  TV  in  the  same  hand. 


fe  Ji 

lyjt^c-  |  lie  met 
|;e&|tium  -jpotixum  frjc 


turn-    onnfr  1ijteJ7pncf 


cop 


lef 
plcef 


ojrVe  ijtei7  ,  ec 
qj^ulin  .re 


>•' 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  85 

p.  84  =  fol.  170T  =  11.  1850—1874. 

sae-geatas  selran  naebben  to|ge-ceosen- 

ne  cyning  asnigne  hord-weard  haeleba 

gyf  bu.  healdan  wylt  maga  rice  me  bin 

mod-sefa  lica'S  leng  swa  wel  leofa  beo- 
5     wulf  *hafast  J)u|ge-fered  ]pcet  bam  folcum  1855 

sceal  geata  leodum  (wd|gar-denum  sib 

ge-msenum  ond  sacu  restan  inwit-nibas 

be  hie  aer  drugon  wesan  benden  ic  weal- 

de  widan  rices  *mabmas  ge-maene  ma-  1860 

10     nig  oberne  godum  gegrettan  ofer 

ganotes  bse^  sceal  hring-naca  ofer 

hea-bti  bringan  lac  o?zrf|luf-tacen  ic  ba 

leode  wat  ge|wrS  feond  ge|wf3  freond 

faeste  ge-worhte  *  aeg-hwses  un-taele  eal-  1865 

15     de  wisan.'SaJgit  him  eorla  hleo  inne 

ge-sealde  mago  healfdenes  magmas 

.xii.  het  inne  mid  baem  lacum  leode 

swaese  secean  on|ge-syntum  snude  eft 

cuman  *ge-cyste  ba  cyning  sebelum  god  1870 

20     beoden  scyldinga  ^egn  betstan  ond  be  healse 

genam  hruron  him  tearas  blond  en- 

feaxum  him  waes  bega  wen  ealdum  in- 

1  sde  A,  see  B  ;  now  s  and  the  accent  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  ce  covered 
Jj  only  very  little  of  g  in  geatas  covered. 

2  ne  AB  ;  now  gone. 

3  gyf  A,  gifTS  ;  now  only /and  a  very  small  part  of  the  preceding  letter 
left,  but  enough  to  decide  that  it  was  y,  not  i  (Kolbing  and  Wiilcker  seem  to 
have  mistaken  part  of  the  r  in  the  front  page,  which  shows  through,  for  i). 

4  mod  B,  nod  A  ;  now  m  gone,  and  part  of  od  covered. 

5  vulf  B,  \>ulf  A  ;  now  w  gone,  and  part  of  u  covered. 

6  sceal  AB  ;  now  s  gone,  and  part  of  c  covered. 

7  ge  AB  ;  now  g  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

8  \>e  AB  ;  now  gone.  9  de  AB ;  now  gone. 

10  nig  B,  mg  A;  now  n  and  part  of  i  gone. 

11  part  of  g  in  ganotes  covered  ||  I  after  sceal  erased. 

12  hea  }>u  AB  ;  now  k  and  a  small  part  of  e  gone. 

13  leode  AB ;  now  I  gone,  arid  part  of  the  first  e  covered  ||  mat]  the  accent 
indistinct.  14  /  in  fcBste  covered. 

15  de  AB  ;  it  may  be  still  preserved,  although  there  is  no  ascertaining 
whether  d,  which  is  covered,  is  entire. 

20  b".  :  corrected  in  the  same  hand. 

21>22  the  dark  spots  in  the  FS.  are  caused  by  the  parchment  here  having 
been  rubbed. 


86  -BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  85  =  fol.  171r  =  11.  1874—1892. 

frodum  of  res  swift  or  *]>cet  he  seoftftan  1875 

geseon  moston  modige  on  mefle  waes 
him  se  man  to  f  on  leof  \<xt  he  f  one  breost- 
wylm  for-beran  ne  mehte.  ac  him  on 
5     href  re  hyge-bendum  faest  aefter  deo- 

rum  men  dyrne  langaft.  *  beorn  wift  bio-  1880 

de  him  beowulf  f  anan  guftrinc  gold- 
wlanc  graes-moldan  treed  since  hre- 
mig|sse-genga  bad  agedfrean  se  f  e 
10     on  ancre  rad  fa  waes  onjgange  gifti 

hroft-gares  *  oft  ge-sehted  f  cet  wees  an  1885 

cyning  eeg-hwass  orleahtre  of  f  cet  hine 
yldo  be-nam  meegenes  wynnuin  se 
f  e  oft  manegum  scocl. 

15  .XXVII. 

CWOM  fa|to  node  fela  inodigra 
haeg-stealdra  hring-net  bseron  *lo-  1890 

cene  leofto-syrcan  land-weard  on- 
fand  eft-sift  eorla  swa  he  aer  dyde 
20     no  he  mid  hearme  of  hliftes  nosan 


Gt  K]  seod%  with  a  blank  after  it  A,  seodda  B  ;  now  n  gone. 

2  wees  Gt  KJ  }>(KS  A,  nothing  B  ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  lower  part  of  the 
perpendicular  stroke  of  m. 

3  breost  (with  another  ink  and  ....  after  it  A)  AB  ;  now  only  the  upper 
part  of  the  first  stroke  of  b  left. 

4  on  AB  ;  now  gone.  5  deo  AB  ;  now  eo  gone. 

6  bio  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  I  and  the  whole  of  o  gone. 

7  gold  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  I  gone. 

8  Tire  AB  ;  now  re  and  a  very  small  part  of  /?,  too,  gone. 

9  \>e  AB  ;    now  nothing  left  but  the  upper  part  of   the    perpendicular 
stroke  of  \>. 

10  9tfu  AB  ;  now/M  and  a  small  part  of  i  gone. 

12  hine  AB  ;  now  e  gone.  13  se  AB  ;  now  e  indistinct. 

16  originally  XXVIII,  but  the  last  I  erased. 


yy 


1 

wim.f  email 
lm  pf 

o 
wcw 


7 


b 


1^ 
\iceald}i4, 


B 


m<ftrc*-"tacn 

«^p:ct 


i 


fe 


. 

^ 

\ 


f 

z  t 


(]^ 


catrimt  jtbepfi  s 


meayui 


tn 


ontneobu  o 

i^tu-  ~€"na&  mm 


ar     ftpe  ^tue- 


can 

fltff'  betmefre-  ^i^te-  fijut^Li,  fum 
fate-  ]xqV  fur&p&w 


f-  op^t  Ipw  frjtenmaf  ^  )»»«• 

cub&ntff 
u 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  gy 

p.  86  =  fol.  171T  =  11.  1893—1914. 

gaesftas]  grette  ac  him  to-geanes  rad 

cwae^S  ]>cet  wil-cuman  we-dera  leoduni  *  sea-  1895 

ban  scir-hame  to  scipe  foron.  ba  waes 

on  sande  sse-geap  naca  hladen  here- 
5     waedum  hringed-stefna  mearum  ond  maft- 

mum  maest  hlifade  ofer  hro^-gares 

hord-ge-streonum  *  he  baem  bat-wearde  1900 

bunden  golde  swurd  ge-sealde  ]>cet  he  sy'S- 

ban  waes  on  meodu-bence  mabma  by  weo- 
10     rbre  yrfe-lafe  ge-wat  him  on  nacan 

drefan  deop  waeter  dena  land  of-geaf. 

*ba  waes  be  maeste  mere-hraegla  sum  1905 

segl  sale  faest  sund-wudu  bunede 

no  baer  weg-flotan  wind  ofer  y'Sum 
15     si^es  ge-twaefde  sse-genga  forfleat 

famig-heals  for^  ofer  y'Se  *  bunden-  1910 

stefna  ofer  brim-streamas  \cet  hie  geata 

clifu  ongitan  meahton  cube  naes- 

sas  ceol  up  ge-brang  lyft-ge-swen- 
20     ced  on  lande  stod.  hrabe  waes  get 


1  gas  grette  A,  ....  grette  B  ;  now  only  grette  left  (only  very  littlt 
of  g  covered)  ||  part  of  d  in  rad  covered. 

2  crvceZ  A,  .  .  .  .  B  ;  now  croce  and  the  greater  part  of  $  gone,  but  what 
is  left  of  the  last  letter  is  enough  to  prove  that  it  was  $,  not  \>. 

3  \>an  B,  wan  A  ;  now  gone. 

4  on  AB  ;  now  only  part  of  the  last  stroke  of  n  left. 

5  wcedum  AB  ;  now  tv  and  part  of  ce  gone,  and  the  rest  of  OR  all  but  entirely 
covered. 

6  mum  AB  ;  now  the  first  m  gone,  and  u  almost  entirely  covered. 

7  hard  AB  ;  now  Ti  gone,  and  o  covered. 

8  bunden  AB ;  now  bu  and  the  first  stroke  of  the  first  n  gone,  and  the  second 
stroke  of  it  covered. 

9  \>an  AB  ;  now  gone.  10  r\>re  AB ;  now  only  re  left. 

11  drefan  AB  ;  now  d  gone,  and  the  top  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  covered. 

12  \>a  AB  ;  now  the  \>  torn  and  the  top  of  it  gone. 

13  segl  AB ;  now  there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  or  no  s,  of  which  only 
the  top  is  not  covered,  is  entire. 

15  e  in  genga  looks  as  if  the  scribe  had  first  begun  to  write  some  other 
letter  ;  the  second  g  altered  from  t. 

17  originally  stefne,  but  the  last  e  underdotted  and  crossed  out,  and  a 
written  over  it  in  the  same  hand. 

20  originally  hre})e,  but  a  short  perpendicular  stroke  under  the  first  e,  and  a 
written  over  it  in  the  same  hand. 


g  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  87  =  fol.  172'  =  11.  1914—1936. 

holme  hy'S-weard  geara  *  sej?e  aer  lange  1915 

tid  leofra  manna  fus  aet  faro^Se  feor 

wlatode  saelde  to|sande  sid-fse)>me  scip 

oncear-bendum  faest  by  laes  hym  yba 
5     'Srym  wudu  wynsuman  for-wrecan  meah- 

te  *het  ba  up  beran  sefelinga  gestreon  1920 

fraetwe  ond\f set-gold  naes  him  feor  banon 

to  ge-secanne  sinces  bryttan.  hige- 

lac  hrebling  baer  aet  ham  wuna'S  selfa 
10     mid  ge-si^um  saVwealle  neah  *  bold  wees  1925 

bet-lie  brego  rof  cyning  hea  healle 

hygd  swi'Se  geong  wis  wel-Jmngen  beah  'Se 

wintra  lyt  under  burh-locan  gebiden 

hsebbe  haeref  es  dohtor  naas  hio  hnah 
15     swa  feah  *  ne  to  gnea'S  gifa  geata  leo-  1930 

dum  mafm-ge-streona  mod  fry^o  wseg 

fremu  folces  cwen  firen  ondrysne 

nsenig  }>cet  dorste  deor  ge-nefan  swsesra 

gesi^a  nefne  sinfrea  *  \cet  hire  an-daeges  1935 

20     eagurn  starede  ac  him  wael-bende. 

1  holme  AB;  now  the  top  of  h  gone  ||  lange  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  gone. 

2  feor  AB  ;  now  nothing  left  but  indistinct  traces  of/. 

3  the  lowest  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \>  in  fcefrme  erased,  so  that 
the  letter  looks  almost  like  5  ;  the  erasure  seems  to  have  been  intended  only 
for  some  letters  which  were  written  between  the  lines  just  under  sid  fcefyme 
||  scip  AB;  now^?  gone,  and  the  rest  of  the  word  has  shrunk  together. 

y\>a  AB  ;  now  a  and  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \> 
gone  (the  letter  was  certainly  J?,  not  $). 

5  meah  AB  ;  now  gone. 

6  gestreon  AB  ;  now  eon  gone. 

7  \>anon  AB  ;  now  on  gone. 

9  selfa  AB  ;  now  only  s  left. 

10  tvces  AB ;  now  only  tv  and  the  first  half  of  ce  left. 

12  %e  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  gone. 

13  gebiden  AB ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  n  gone. 


-•'/TW; 


*H 


-  :' 


]n>L*f  • 
p^n.fumaw  p|t 


^efec^wne- 


H^f  T 


n 


rn 


bar  lie    bjte^o 


. 

In 


j    fnuioUnife  n6nt 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  on 

p.  88  =  fol.  172r  =  1936—1957. 

weotode  tealde  hand-gewrij>ene  hrajje 

seob'San  wses  aefter  mund- gripe  mece 

gejnnged  ]>cet  hit  sceadeii  mael  scyran 

moste  *  cwealm-bealu  cy'San  ne|bfS  swylc  1940 

5     cwen-lic  f>eaw  idese  to  efnanne  beah/Se 

hio  senlicu  sy  ]>cet  te  freo'Su-webbe  feores 

on-ssece  sefter  lige-torne  leofne  mannan 

hum  \ce,t  on-hohsnod  hem-ninges  mseg 

*  ealo-drincende  o'Ser  ssedan  Ipcet  hio  leod-  1945 

10     bealewa  Ises  gefremede  inwit-nifta 

sy^^an  serest  wearS  gyfen  gold-hro- 

den  geongum  cempan  se'Selum  diore 

sySSBan  hio  offan  flet  *  ofer  fealone  1950 

flod  be | feeder  lare  srSe  gesohte 
15     Sser  hio  sy'S 'San]  well  in  gum-stole 

gode  msere  lif-ge-sceafta  lifigende 

breac.  hiold  heah-lufan  v?r&  hsele- 

ba  brego  *  ealles  mon-cynnes  mine  1 955 

gefrsege  bges|se-lestan  bi  ssem  tweo- 
20     nuw  eormen-cynnes  for  ftam  offa 

1  weotode  AB  ;  now  w  gone,  but  the  first  e  very  likely  still  left,  although 
it  is  not  discernible  under  the  paper  ;  the  first  o  is  also  partially  covered  || 
gewrfyene  hra\>e  AB  ;  now  some  of  the  letters  partially  covered  (cf.  the  FS.)  ; 
the  two  J?s  and  the  k  may  not  be  entire. 

2  seo\>*>an  AB  ;  now  seo  gone. 

3  ge\>inged  B,  ge]>iged  A  ;  now  g  and  part  of  the  first  e  gone,  the  rest  of 
that  e  all  but  entirely  covered  ||  d  in  sceadeii  altered  from  <S. 

4  here  begins  the  second  hand  ||  moste  AB ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  at 
least  of  m  gone,  the  third  stroke  of  it,  as  it  seems,  and  the  greatest  part  of  o 
covered. 

6  cwen  AB  ;  now  only  the  last  stroke  of  n  left,  and  that  in  part  covered. 

6  hio  AB  ;  now  Ti  gone,  and  i  and  part  of  o  covered. 

7  on  AB  ;    now  only  the  last  stroke  of  n  left,  and  that  almost  entirely 
covered. 

8  Jittru  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  second  of  Ti  and  the 
first  of  u  covered  |[  s  between  hoh  and  nod  afterwards  added. 

9  ealo  AB ;  now  only  o  left,  a  small  part  of  which  is  covered. 

10  bealema  AB  ;  now  b  gone,  and  the  first  e  almost  entirely  covered. 

11  sy%%an  (£$  altered  from  dd  with  another  ink)  ~B,fy%$an  A;  now  the 
greatest  part  of  s  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  y  covered. 

12  den  AB  ;  now  before  en  only  uncertain  traces  of  a  letter  covered. 

13  part  of  s  in  sy%%an  covered.         14  a  very  small  part  of/  in  flod  covered. 
16  n  afterwards  added  to  sy cS<5«  in  the  same  hand. 


QQ  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  89  =  fol.  173r  =  11.  1957—1978. 

WSBS  geofura  ond  girSim  gar-cene  man  wide  ge- 

weorSod  wis-dome  heold  *  eftel  1960 

sinne  ponon  geomor  woe  hseleftuw 

to|helpe  hem-inges  maeg  nefa  gar- 
5     mundes  nifta  crseftig  : — XXYIII 

/^N  E-wat  him  ^a  se  hearda  mid  his 

I  ~T~  hond-scole  sylf  aefter  sande 

sae-wong  tredan  *  wide  waro^as  1965 

woruld-candel  scan  sigel  su^an  fus 
10     hi  srS  drugon  elne  ge-eodon  tosses  'Se 

eorla  hleo  bonan  on-gen-feo-es.  burgum 

in  innan.  geongne  gu^-cyning  godne 

gefrunon  *hringas  dselan  higelace  1970 

wses  si^  beo-wulfes  snude  gecy^ed  Ipcet  ^ser 
15     on  wor^Sig  wigendra  hleo  lind-gestealla 

lifigende  cwom  hea^o-laces.  hal  to 

hofe  gongan  *  hrafte  wses  ge-rymed  1975 

swa  se  rica  bebead  fe^e-gestuw  net 

innan- weard  gesset  fa  wrS  sylfne 
20     sel'Sa  ssecce  genses  maeg  wi^  maege 

1  wide  ge  A,  rvida  B  ;  now  only  mid  left. 

2  a  blank  left  between  heold  and  e%el  on  account  of  the  parchment  being 
very  thin,  so  thin,  indeed,  that  even  in  the  FS.  the  letters  of  the  back  page 
show  through  it  (hold}. 

3  the  accent  over  moc  is  doubtful. 

6  originally  XXVII1I,  but  the  last  /erased. 
6  &is  AB  ;  now  part  of  s  gone. 

10  toZces  «0  (the  two  £s  altered  from  ds,  with  another  ink  B)  AB;  now 
s  $6  gone. 

11  burgum  A,  "burgum  B ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  the  second  u  and  the 
abbreviation  for  m  gone. 


nnimn  ye^ 


i         1  i 

mi  late  l^btia  bu) 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  91 

p.  90  =  fol.  173T  =  11.  1978—1999. 
n  man-dryhten  Jmrh  hleo'Sor- 

cwyde  holdne  ge-grette  *  meaglum  1980 

worduw  meodu-scencum  hwearf.  geond 

)>set  side  reced  hsereftes  dohtor  lufode 
5     SSa  leode  Ii3-wsege  bser  hsenum  to  handa 

hige-lac  ongan  sinne  geseldan  in 

sele  paw  hean  *faegre  fricgcean  hyne  1985 

fyr-wet  brsec  hwylce  sse-geata  srSas 

wseron  hu  lomp  eow  on  lade  leofa  bio- 
10    wulf  fa|$u  f  seringa  feorr  ge-hogodest. 

ssecce  secean  ofer  sealt  wseter  *  hilde  1990 

to  hiorote  ac|$u  hro'S-gare  wrS-cirSne 

wean  wihte  gebettest  mserum  'Seodne 

ic^aes  mod-ceare  sorh-wylmum  sea^ 
15     si^e  ne|truwode  leofes  mannes  ic|$e 

lange  bead  *  ])cet  ^u  J>one  wselgaest  wihte  1995 

ne|grette  lete  su^-dene  sylfe  geweor^an 

gu'Se  wi^  grendel  gode  ic  Jjanc  secge 

Jjsesfte  ic|Se  gesundne  geseon  moste. 
20     Bio-wulf  ma^elode  beam  ecg-'Sioes 


B,  i%%an  A.  ;  now  part  of  sy  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of 
sy  covered  ||  the  tops  of  some  letters  in  the  first  line  covered  (see  the  FS.) 
||  hleo^or  A,  hleodor  B  ;  now  part  of  eo  gone. 

2  n  in  holdne  altered  from  e  ||  r  m  grette  altered  from  something  else. 

4  a  small  part  of  j?  in  \><je,t  covered  ||  side  added  over  the  line  in  the  same 
hand  I  think,  but  with  another  ink  ;  a  stop  shows  where  it  is  to  be  inserted 
||  I  am  not  sure  whether  what  stands  in  the  MS.  under  the  e  (cf.  the  FS.),  and 
seems  to  have  been  added  with  the  same  ink  that  the  scribe  employed  in 
writing  side,  is  not  a  mere  flourish  :  elsewhere  it  is  used  to  convert  e  into  ee 
(cf.  176V  1.  20),  but  the  same  addition  occurs  under  ce  in  scecce  1.  11  of  this 
page  and  under  e  mfce&nie  fol.  188V  1.  19. 

6  %a  AB  ;  now  part  of  $  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  covered 
||  1t,(enum~\  between  &  and  n  a  letter  (I  think  $)  erased. 

6  the  top  of  h  in  hige-lac  covered.  8  part  of  fin  fyr-wet  covered. 

9  part  of  iv  in  waron  covered.  10  part  of  ve  in  wulf  covered. 

11  scecce  with  a  flourish  under  ce  with  another  ink  as  it  seems,  cf.  note  to 
1.4. 

17  the  second  stroke  of  n  in  gemeorKan  covered. 


92  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  91  =  fol.  174'  =  11.  2000—2019. 

*  \ost  is  un-dyrne  dryhten  hige-lac  .  .  .  2000 

gemeting  moneguw  fira  .  hwylc  .  .  . 


hwil  uncer  grendles  weariS  on  1 

wange  baer  he  worna  fela  sige-scyl- 
5     dingu?n  sorge  gefremede  *  yrm^e  2005 

to  aldre  ic|3aet  eall  ge-wraec  swa  .  .  . 

gylpan  bearf  grendeles  maga  .  .  . 

ofer  eor^San  uht-hlem  bone.  se^e 

lengest  leofa^  la'San  cynnes  f  .  .  . 
10     bifongen  ic  ^aer  furSum  cwom. 

*  to^am  hring-sele  hro'Sgar  gretan  2010 

sona  me|se  msera  mago  liealf  -de 

nes  sy^^an  lie|mod-sefan  minne 

cu3e  wi'S  his|sylfes  sunu  sell  getsehte. 
15     weorod  wses  on  wynne  ne|seah  ic  wi- 

dan  feorh  *  under  heofones  hwealf  2015 

heal-sittendra  medu-dream  maran 

hwilum  mseru  cwen  fri3u-sibb  folca 

flet  eall  geond-hwearf  bsedde  byre 
20     geonge  oft  liio  beah-wrrSan  secge 

1  hige  ....  with  lac  written  over  the  dots  with  another  ink  B,  h'tfe  with 
a  blank  after  it  A  ;  now  only  liig  and  part  of  e  left. 

2  hwyle  with  a  blank  after  it  A,  htvylce  .  .  B  ;   now  only  hwy  left  and 
part  of  Ic. 

3  on$am  altered  from  ondan  with  another  ink  B,  ondum.  A;  now  only  on 
and  the  top  of  $  left  (which  might  equally  well  be  the  top  of  d). 

4  scyl  A,  .  .  B  ;  now  gone. 

5  dungum  originally,  but  the  second  stroke  of  the  first  u  erased  ||  yrm&e  A, 
ynnd  .  .  B  ;  now  e  and  the  lower  part  of  tS  gone. 

6  srvabe  A,  srval  .  .  B  ;   now  only  swa  and  an  uncertain  piece  of  some 
letter  after  it  left. 

7  after  maga  nothing  discernible  now  ;  a  blank  A,  en  .  .  B. 

8  se$e  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B,  sede  A  ;  now  only  s  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  first  e  left. 

9  fee,  and  a  blank  A,  fer  .  .  B  ;  now  only  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  f 
left  (which  might  equally  well  belong  to  some  other  letter). 

10  the  stop  after  emom  A  ;  now  gone. 
12  de  AB  ;  e  now  gone. 

14  getmlite  (with  a  stop  after  it  A)  AB  ;  now  e  (and  the  stop)  gone. 

17  maran  AB  ;  now  n  and  the  second  half  of  the  last  a  gone. 

18  folca  AB  ;  now  the  second  half  of  a  gone. 


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BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  93 

p.  92  =  fol.  174T  =  11.  2019—2041. 

.  .  .  ser  hie  to  setle  geong.  *  hwilura  for  2020 

[d]ugir<Se  dohtor  hro^-gares  eorlum 

on  ende  ealu-wsege  bser  jja  ic  frea-ware 

flet-sittende  .  nem-nan  hyrde  bser  hio 
5     [nsejgled-sinc  heeled \\m  sealde  sio  ge-haten 

...  *  geong  gold-hroden  gladum  suna  frodan.  2025 

[hjafaft  bses  geworden  wine  scyldinga  ri 
ces  hyrde  ond  j?set  rsed  tala$  \cet  he  mid  'Sy 

wife  wael-faeiriSa  dsel  ssecca  gesette  oft 
10     seldan  hwser.  *  sefter  leod-hryre  lytle  2030 

hwile  bon-gar  bugeS  beah  seo  bryd  duge 

mseg  bses  poimg  of-byncan  fteoden  heaSo- 

beardna  ond  begna  gehwam  bara  leoda 

bonne  he  mid  fsem-nan  on  flett  gae^. 
15     *  dryht-bearn  dena  dugiriSa  biwenede.  2035 

on  him  gladia'S  gomelra  lafe  heard 

0wdf|hring-msel  hea^a-bearna  ge-streon 

ben-den  hie  ft&m  wsepnum  wealdan  moston. 

0%%aet  hie  for-laeddan  to  | 'Sam  lind- 
plegan  *  swsese  gesrSas  ond  hyra  sylf-  2040 

ra  feorh  bomie  cwrS  set  beore  sefte  beah 

1  cer   and   blank   before   it   A, cer   B ;   cer   is   still   preserved 

although  part  of  ce  covered  ||  hie  quite  certain  although  the  top  of  h  is  covered 
and  a  small  part  of  it  gone  in  consequence  of  a  hole  ||  the  tops  of  s  and  I  in 
setle  covered  ||  Ivrvilura.  partially  covered;  cf.  FS.  \\for  AB  ;  now  r  gone,  and 
part  of /and  the  whole  of  o  covered. 

2  ....  ugifee  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B,  gude  ....  (gu  on 
an  erasure  with  another  ink,  and  de  with  another  ink  again)  A  ;  now  only  %e 
left  (S  not  entire  and  partially  covered). 

3  on  ende  B,  a  blank,  on  which  c  is  effaced,  and  then  ende  A ;  now  only 
nde  left,  n  partially  covered. 

4  flet  (with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  only  very  little  of  s  in  sittende 
covered.  5  gled  A,  ...  led  originally,  but  then  g  added  before  I  with 
another  ink  B ;  now  ed  and  part  of  I  still  preserved,  the  latter  covered. 

6  blank  (before  geong)  A,  .  .  .  se  B ;  nothing  discernible  now  j|  part  of  ge 
in  geong  covered. 

7  iafa%  (altered  from  fad  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  fa%>   left 
(part  of/  covered,  and  a  partially  gone  in  consequence  of  a  hole). 

8  ces  AB  ;  now  ce  and  the  upper  part  of  s  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it 
almost  entirely  covered  ||  d  in  mid  altered  from  <S. 

9  wife  AB  ;  now  wi  gone,  and  part  of /covered. 

10  seldan  AB ;  now  s  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered  (I  do  not  think  there 
was  before  seldan  room  enough  for  no).  n  Jwvile  AB  ;  now  h  and  the 
first  stroke  of  w  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  w  covered. 

12  mceg  AB  ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  gone,  and  the  third  covered. 

13  beardna  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  b  gone. 

14  \>onne  AB  ;  now  part  of  \>  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 

16  dryht  AB  ;  now  part  of  d  gone.  16  a  small  part  of  o  in  on  covered. 

19  the  MS.  has  a  little  more  of  the  big  o  than  the  FS.  (0$  AB). 


94;  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  93  =  fol.  175r  =  11.  2041—2062. 

gesyhft  eald  sesc-wiga  se'Se  eall  ge-m[an] 

gar-cwealm  gumena  him  bi'S  grim  se- 

fa  on-ginneft  geomor-mod  geong  .  .  . 

cempan  *  burn  hreftra  ge-hygd  higes  2045 

5  cunnian  wig-bealu  weccean  ond  ]>cet  word 

acwyS.  meaht  Su  min  wine  mece 

gecnawan  fone  fin  feeder  to|gefeohte 

baer.  under  here-griman  hindeman 

sifte.  *  dyre  iren  baer  hyne  dene  2050 

10  slogon  weoldon  wsel-stowe  sy'Sftan 

wifter-gyld  Iseg.  sefter  haeleba  hryre 

hwate  scyldungas  nu  her  bara  ba- 

nena  byre  nat  hwylces.  frsetwu??! 

hremig  on|flet  gae^S  *  mor^res  gylpepS]  2055 

15  ond\ponQ  maftbura  byre^  bone  be^u  mid 

rihte  rsedan  sceoldest  mana'S  swa 

ond  myndgaft  msela  ge-hwylce.  sarum 

wordum  o^set  sael  cymeS  \>cet  se  fsem- 

nan  begn  fore  feeder  dsedum.  *  setter  2060 

20  billes  bite  blod-fag  swefe^S.  ealdres 

scyldig  him  se  o'Ser  bonan  losa^ 

1  gesylvS  A.  gesyhd  B  ;  now  the  tops  of  s,  k,  and  $  gone  ||  at  the  end  of  the 
line  ge  and  a  blank  A  ;  ge  m.,  but  afterwards  na  added  with  another  ink  be 
tween  ge  and  m  B  ;  now  only  g  left,  and  even  of  that  a  small  part  is  wanting. 

2  grim  se  K,  grim  se  ?  C,  grim  and  a  blank  A,  grim  altered  to  grimme  in 
another  ink  B,  grim  Gt  Th  ;  now  only  gri  and  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  left. 

3  geong  and  a  blank  A,  geong  .  .  B ;  now  only  geo  and  the  greatest  part  of 
n  left  (the  lower  part  of  the  second  stroke  is  gone). 

4  higes  ....  (the  dots  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB ;  now  nothing  left,  for 
what  Kolbing  takes  for  the  first  stroke  of  h  is  I  in  hi/an  of  the  back  page. 

6  word  AB  ;  now  rd  gone,  and  even  wo  not  entire. 

6  meoe  A,  mece  c  B  ;  now  the  last  e  and  the  upper  part  of  c  gone. 

7  gefeohte  (altered  from  gefeoh  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  gef  and 
part  of  the  following  e  left. 

8  hindeman  AB  ;  now  an  and  the  two  last  strokes  of  m  gone. 

10  the  second  stroke  of  n  in  syttan  gone. 

11  hryre  B  (the  whole  line  omitted  in  A)  ;  now  e  and  the  greater  part  of 
the  second  r  gone. 

12  this  line  begins  a  little  further  to  the  left  than  the  next,  because  there 
was  not  room  enough  for  h  under  m  ;  cf.  183r  11.  13  and  19  ;  191'  11.  10,  19  || 
~ba  AB  ;  now  the  second  half  of  a  gone. 

14  gylped  B,  gylrved  A;  now  only  gyl  and  the  greater  part  of^?  left. 

15  mid  AB;  now  id  gone.          16  swa  AB;  now  the  second  part  of  a  gone. 


* 
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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  1)5 

p.  94  =  fol.  175r  =  11.  2062—2084. 

[lilfigende  con  him  land  geare  )jon??e  bio^ 

fajbrocene  on  ba  healfe  a^S-sweorS  eorla 

[sy'SJ'San  ingelde  *  wealla'S  wael-ni^as  ond  hi?tt  2065 

wiflufan  aefter  cear-wselmirm,  colran 
5     weorSaS  by  ic  heafto-bearna  hyldo  ne 

telge.  dryht-sibbe  dsel  denu??i  imfsecne 

freond-scipe  fsestne  ic  sceal  forS 

sprecan.  *  gen  ymbe  grendeh  }>cet  ^u  geare  2070 

cunne  sinces  brytta  to  hwan  sy'S'San 
10     wear^.  hond-rses  hselefta  syft'San  heofones 

gim.  glad  ofer  grundas  gsest  yrre  cwom 

eatol  sefen-grom  user  neosan.  *  'Saer  we  2075 

gesunde  ssel  weardodon  baer  wses  hond- 

scio  hilde  on-ssege  feorh-bealu  fseguni 
15     he  fyrmest  laeg  gyrded  cempa  him 

grendel  wearS  niseru?^  ruagu???  begne 

to  mirS-bonan.  *  leofes  marines  lie  2080 

eall  for-swealg.  no^y  ser  ut  'Sal  gen 

idel-hende.  bona  blodig-to^  bealewa 
20     gemyndig  of|^a??^  gold-sele  gongan 

wolde.  ac  he  maegnes  rof  min  costode 

1  figende  with  another  ink  and  a  great  many  dots  after  it  A,  .eigende  B  ; 
now  only  the  last  e  and  part  of  d  left,  the  latter  all  but  entirely  covered  ||  the 
top  of  the  second  e  in  geare  covered  ||  ponne  bio%  A,  \>onne  Mod  B  ;  now  the 
abbreviation  for  ne  and  the  tops  of  b  and  €  gone,  and  the  rest  partially  covered. 

2  orocene  (with  a  stop  before  it  B)  AB,  brocene  1  C  ;  now  ocene  and  part 
of  r  left,  the  latter  covered  ||  there  is  a  stroke  through  d  in  sneord,  but  without 
the  usual  head,  nor  is  it  quite  distinct :  it  may  be  either  accidental,  or  made 
only  by  a  mistake,  and  then  partially  erased. 

3  blank  and  then  %an  A,  .  .  %an  B ;  now  even  $  no  longer  entire,  and 
the  greatest  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  a  covered. 

4  wiflufan  AB  ;  now  tvif  gone,  and  I  covered. 

6  weor$a$  A,  meordad  B  ;  now  me  and  part  of  or  gone,  besides  all  that  ia 
left  of  o  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  r  covered. 

6  telge  AB ;  now  tel  and  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  g 
covered. 

7  freond  AB  ;  now/  and  part  of  r  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  r  covered. 

8  sprecan  AB ;  now  sp  and  the  first  half  of  r  gone. 

9  cunne  AB  ;  now  cu  and  the  first  half  of  the  first  n  gone. 

10  tvear^  (altered  from  veard  B)  AB ;  now  tv  gone,  and  e  covered. 

11  gim  altered  from  gun  with  another  ink  B,  gun  A  ;  now  g  gone,  and  i 
covered. 

12  eatol  AB  ;  now  ea  gone,  and  a  very  small  part  of  t  covered. 

13  gesunde  AB ;  now  g  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  e  covered. 

14  scio  AB  ;  now  only  do  and  the  top  of  s  preserved,  and  the  latter  as  well 
as  part  of  c  covered. 

15  he  AB  ;  now  k  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

16  grendel  AB  ;    now  part  of  g  gone,  and   part  of    what   is  left   of  it 
covered.  19  part  of  i  in  idel  covered. 


9(5  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS. 

p.  95  =  fol.  176r  =  11.  2085—2105. 

*grapode  geareo  folm  glof  hangode  2085 

sld  ond  syllic  searo-bendum  faest.  sio 

wees  orftoncum  eall  ge-gyrwed  deofles 

craaftum  ond  dracan  fell  urn  he|mec  bser 
5     on  innan  unsynnigne  *  dior  dsed-  2090 

fruma  gedon  wolde 

manigra  sum-ne  hyt  ne  mibte 

swa  sy^^an  ic  on|yrre  upp-riht 

astod.     To  lang  ys  to  reccenne  bu|i 
10     leod-scea'San  yfla  gehwylces  bond-lean 

for-geald  *  baer  ic  beoden  min  bine  2095 

leode  weorSode  weorcuw  he  on  weg 

losade.  lytle  hwile  lif-wynna|br[ea]c 

hwaebre  him  sio  swrSre  swa'Se  wear- 
15     dade.  band  on  biorte  ond  be  bean 

Sonan  *  modes  geomor  mere-grund  2100 

gefeoll  me  |  bone  wsel-raes  wine 

scildunga.  faettan  golde  fela  leano- 

de  manegura  ma^mum  sy^^an  mer- 
20     gen  c6m.  ond  we  to|symble  geseten 

haefdon.  *  faer  waes  gidd  ond\gleo  gomela  2105 

1  grapode  AB  ;  now  a  torn,  and  the  top  of  d  gone  ||  geareo  A,  geares  B, 
gearo  Gt  Th,  geara  K  ;   the  word  is  torn  asunder,  I  think  it  was  geareo  as  in 
A  :  g  is  almost  entire,  but  the  tops  of  e  and  #,  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  r,  and  the  top  of  e  gone  ||  folm  AB ;  now  part  of  fol  gone  ||  hangode  AB  ; 
now  entirely  gone  (what  Prof.  Kolbing  takes  to  be  the  beginning  of  h  belongs 
to  f  in  fela  in  the  back  page). 

2  fceit.  flo  A,  fcest  sio  B  ;  now  only  fees  and  the  greater  part  of  t  left. 

3  deofles  B,  dieofles  A ;  now  only  d  and  uncertain  traces  of  eo  left. 

4  tnec  still  preserved,  although  ec  torn  ||  \>cer  AB  ;  now  gone. 

6  deed  AB ;  now  the  ce  indistinct  and  part  of  the  second  d  gone. 

6  after  wolde  an  erasure  to  the  end  of  the  line :  as  far  as  the  line  is  pre 
served  the  letters  erased  were  first  a  perpendicular  stroke  (like  the  beginning 
of  w,/,  s,  etc.)  and  then  manigr. 

7  mihte  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

8  rlht  B,  rihte  A  ;  now  only  ri  and  the  greater  part  of  h  left. 

9  huiedam.  A,  hun  (n  crossed  out  with  another  ink)  B,  hu\_ic~]}>am(1}  Gt ; 
now  only  hu  left  (Prof.  Kolbing  and  others,  who  think  the  i,  too,  left,  have 
suffered  themselves  to  be  misled  by  a  stroke  of  m  in  genmnde  in  the  back  page). 

10  hand  lean  A,  hondlan  B  ;  now  only  hon  left. 

11  Ipine  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  gone. 

12  meg  AB  ;  now  only  the  lowest  part  of  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  m  left. 

13  Itreac]  brcec  A,  brene  altered  with  different  ink  to  breo  B  ;  now  only  b 
and  all  but  the  whole  of  r  left.  14  wear  AB  ;  now  ear  gone. 

15  hean  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

16  grund  AB  ;  now  only  g  and  the  top  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  left. 

18  leano  AB  ;  now  only  le  and  part  of  a  left. 

19  mer  AB  ;  now  part  of  r  gone.  21  gomela  AB  ;  now  la  gone. 


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- 


-r-<- 


htimr  cnriirt  ,  limlu 


tnannan 


I 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  97 

p.  96  =  fol.  176T  =  11.  2105—2127. 

scilding  fela  fricgende  feorran  rehte 

hwilura  hilde-deor  hearpan  wynne  go- 

mel-wudu  grette  hwilum  gyd  awreec.  solS 

ond  sarltc  hwilum  syllic  spell.  *  rehte  sefter  2110 

5     rihte  rum-heort  cyning.  hwilura  eft 

ongan  eldo  gebunden  gomel  gu'S-wiga 

giogu^e  cwtfSan  hilde-strengo  hre^er 

iune  weoll.  fyoime  he  wintrura  frod  worn 

gemunde  *swa|we|])ser  inne  emrflangne  2115 

10     dseg.  niode  naman  oft^Sset  niht  bee  worn. 

ofter  to  yldum  J>a|wses  eft  hra^e  gearo 

gyrn-wrsece.  grendeles  modor.     SrSode 

sorh-full  sunn  deaft  fornam  *wig-hete  2120 

wedra  wif  unhyre  hyre  beam  gewrsec 
15     beorn  acwealde  ellenlice  J?ser  wses  sesc- 

here  frodan  fyrn-witan  feorh  itfS- 

genge.  no^er  hy  hine  ne|raoston  sy^^an 

mergen  cvvom  *  dea^-werig-ne  denia  2125 

leode.  bronde  for-bsernan 
20     ne  on  bel  hladan.  leofne  mannan 

1  scilding  A,  Scilding  B ;  now  gone  ||  /  and  I  in  fela  partially  covered 
\\fricgende  AB;  now  g  not  entire,  en  not  distinct,  de  not  entire,  and  all  these 
five  letters  partially  covered  ||  feorran  entirely  preserved,  although  partially 
covered  (cf.  FS.)  ||  rehte  K]  rehte  AB ;  now  the  top  of  h  and  the  following  te 
gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  covered. 

2  hwilum.  A,  hwilum  B  ;  now  gone  ||  hilde  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  the  first 
stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  partially  covered.         3  mel  AB  ;  now  gone. 

4  -j  (and  B)  sarlic  (no  accent  B)  AB  ;  now  only'  lie  and  part  of  r  left, 
but  part  of  what  is  left  of  r  covered.  6  rihte  AB;  now  ri  gone. 

6  ongan  AB  ;  now  only  the  last  n  and  the  second  half  of  a  left,  the  latter 
covered.  7  giogi&e  A,  glogude  B;  now  gio  and  a  small  part  of  the  second  g 
gone,  part  of  the  latter  besides  covered.  8  inne  Thk,  mne  A,  .  .  me  B  ; 

now  only  e  and  the  second  stroke  of  the  last  n  left,  the  latter  covered. 

9  gemunde  (altered  from  miinde  B)  AB  ;  now  ge  and  the  first  stroke  of  m 
gone,  and  the  two  last  strokes  of  m  covered. 

10  deg.  niode  A,  dceg  mode  B  ;  now  only  niode  left  (part  of  i  rubbed). 

11  o$er  AB  ;  now  o$e  gone,  and  r  partially  covered. 

12  gyrn  AB  ;  now  gy  and  all  but  the  whole  of  r  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  r  and 
part  of  n  covered.         13  sorh  AB  ;  now  only  h  and  the  very  last  part  of  r  left. 

14  wedra  AB  ;  now  wed  gone  ||  h  erased  between  >mf  and  un. 

15  beorn  AB ;  now  only  n  and  nearly  the  whole  of  r  left. 

16  nere  AB ;  now  he  and  part  of  r  gone.  17  genge  AB  ;  now  only  nge 
(the  first  stroke  of  the  n  covered)  and  some  uncertain  traces  before  it  left. 

18  mergen  AB ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  gone,  and  the  last  covered. 

19  leode  AB  ;  now  le  gone,  and  part  of  o  covered  ||  bronde  originally  written 
twice,  but  the  first  erased,  in  consequence  of  which  the  parchment  has  become 
so  thin  that  symble  in  1.  20  of  the  front  page  shows  through. 

20  ne  on  AB ;  now  the  first  n  and  o  only  partially  preserved,  and  what  is  left 
of  that  n  covered  ||  bel  (cf.  FS.,  but  the  hook  is  written  with  a  fainter  ink)  = 
l&l  MS.,  not  bel,  but  cf.  the  note  011  fol.  173T  4  [I  hladan  altered  from  blcedan. 

BEOWULF.  II 


\ 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  97  =  fol.  177r  =  11.  2127—2146. 

hio  Ipcet  lie  set-baer  feondes  fte'Srunga  [unj- 

der  firgen-stream.  ]>cet  vvaes  hro'Sgare 

hreowa  tornost  *fara  )>e  leod-fru-  2130 

man  lange  begeate.  J?a  se  Seoden  mec 
5     'Sine  life  healsode  hreoh-mod  f  cet  ic 

on  holma  gebring  eorl-scipe  efnde 

ealdre  gene'S-de.  mser'So  fremede 

he|me  mede  gehet  *ic|:5a|:S8es  wselmes  2135 

J>e  is  wide  cu^  grimme  gryre-licne 
1 0     grund-hyrde  fond  f ser  unc  hwile 

wses  hand  gemsene.  holm  heolfre 

weoll  ond  ic  heafde  becearf  inj^Sam  sele 

grendeles  modor.  *  eacnum  ecgum  2140 

un-softe  ponan  feorh  o^-ferede. 
15     nses  ic  fsege  fa|gyt.  ac  me  eorla  hleo 

eft  gesealde  ma^ma  menigeo  maga 

healf-denes.  XXXI 

Swa  se|:Seod-kyning  peawum  lyfde 
*nealles  ic^a??!  leanum  forloren  2145 

20     hsefde  msegnes  mede  ac  he|me 


1  Mo  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone  \\fce$  written  with  another  ink 
and  a  blank  after  it  A,  fcedr  ....  with  unga  written  over  the  dots  with 
another  ink  B ;  now  nothing  preserved  but  f<x%  and  part  of  a  letter  which 
may  have  been  r,  m,  or  n  ;  the  word  has  been  torn  asunder,  and  Kolbing  and 
Wiilcker  have  failed  to  see  the  upper  part. 

2  HroKgare  Gt,  HroZgare  K]  hroZ  and  a  blank  A,  Hrodgar.  .  B  ;  now 
only  hro^,  the  lower  part  of  g,  and  just  a  bit  of  a  preserved. 

4  mec  B,  tnic  A  ;  now  gone. 

6  •£  (beet  B)  ic  AB  ;  now  only  uncertain  traces  of  a  letter  left  after  mod. 

6  efnde  AB  ;  now  the  second  e  gone. 

7  fremede  B,  gremede  A  ;  now  the  last  e  gone. 

8  tvcelmes  AB  ;  now  es  gone. 

9  is  altered  from  ic  in  the  same  hand  ||  licne  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  second 
stroke  of  n  gone. 

10  hwile  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  I  and  the  greater  part  of  e  gone. 

12  sele  AB  ;  now  ele  and  the  top  of  s  gone. 

13  ecgum  AB ;  now  the  two  last  strokes  of  m  gone. 

15  hleo  AB  ;  now  eo  and  the  top  of  I  gone. 

16  maga  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  last  a  gone. 


on  ttolmttJ^|7|uttj  Arjil  ^a 


V 


i 
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•  c    II    '     v  -     1    /r» 

^  561  16  fttU  d3r^^,  Ufla 


Uc 


1 
irfttl 

ftr*f  ic 


jV  vcrttunja 

ytuu  ryllmi  i>i» 

I  I/,    t      ,«     i      | 

ttut  Iwii  nob  v 
lnt«c 


lajr 

I  —  r 

eii  P$zrj^ 
feajcml/ 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  99 

p.  98  =  fol.  177T  =  11.  2146—2166. 
s  geaf  sunu  healfdenes  on 

[min]ne  sylfes  dom.  fta  ic|fte  beorn- 

cyning  bringan  wylle.  estum  ge- 

ywan  gen  is  eall  set  ^>e.  *  lissa  gelong  2150 

5     ic  lyt  hafo.  heafod-maga  nefne 

hygelac  ftec.  het  ^a  in  beran  eafor- 

heafod-segn.  hea'So-steapne  helm 

hare  byrnan  gu^-sweord  geato-lic 

gyd  sefter  sprsec.  *me|ftis  hilde-sceorp  2155 

10     hro^gar  sealde  snotra  fengel  sume 

worde  het  \icet  ic  his  serest  ^e  est  gessegde 

cwse'S  fycet  hyt  hsefde  hiorogar  cyning 

leod  scyldunga  lange  hwile.  *no|:Sy  2160 

ser  suna  sinura  syllan  wolde  hwatuwa 
15     heoro-wearde  J>eah  he|hiw&  hold  wsere. 

breost-gewsedu  bruc  ealles  well. 

hyrde  ic  \azt  bam  frsetwum  feower 

mearas.  lungre  gelice  last  wear- 

dode.  *  aeppel-fealuwe  he|him  est  ge-  2165 

20     teah  meara  ond  ma'Sma  swa  sceal 

1  magmas]  a  blank  and  then  is  with  another  ink  A,  .  .    .  .  is  B  ;  now 
gone  ||  geaf  (with  another  ink  A)  AB  ;  now  part  of  ge  gone  ||  the  tops  of  h,  £, 
/,  d,  and  the  three  es  in  healfdenes  covered. 

2  winne']  ....  ne  B,  a  blank  A ;   ne  still  left,  although  the  first  stroke  of 
n  is  not  entire,  and  almost  all  that  is  left  of  n  covered. 

3  cyning  (with  a  different  ink  A)  AB  ;  now  c  and  part  of  y  gone,  and  the 
rest  of  y  and  part  of  the  first  n  covered. 

4  ywan  A,  .  yman  B  ;  now  only  an  left. 

5  ic  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  I  in  lyt  covered. 

6  hygelac  AB  ;  now  Jiy  and  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  g 
covered. 

7  heafod  AB  ;  now  he  and  the  first  half  of  a  gone,  and  the  rest  of  a  covered. 

8  hare  AB  ;  now  h  and  the  first  half  of  a  gone,  and  the  rest  of  a  covered. 

9  gyd  AB  ;    now  gy  and  the  top  of  d  gone,  and  the  rest  of  d  all  but 
entirely  covered. 

10  liro^gar  A,  Hrodgar  B  ;  now  h  gone,  and  nearly  the  whole  of  the  first  r 
covered.         n  morde  AB  ;  now  m  gone  ||  est  MS.  (cf.  FS.),  not  eft. 

12  <?wce<S  A,  ctvced  B  ;  now  c  gone,  and  part  of  w  covered. 

13  leod  AB  ;  now  I  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered  ||  Id  in  scyldunga  altered 
from  in. 

14  cer  AB  ;  now  the  first  half  of  ce  gone,  and  the  greater  part  of  the  second 
covered. 

^6  lieoro  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  second  covered. 

16  part  of  b  in  breast  covered. 

19  part  of  the  first  d  in  dode  covered. 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS. 

p.  99  =  fol.  178'  =  11.  2166—2185. 

maeg  don.  nealles  inwit-net  o^rum 

bregdon  dyrnuw  crsefte  dea'S  ren[ian] 

hond-gesteallan  hygelace  wses  *nr<Sa  2170 

heardu7/i.  nefa  swy'Se  hold 
5     (f&imn  hro-fra  gemyndig.  hyrde 

ic  ])cet  he  'Sone  heals-beah  hygde  ge- 

sealde  wrsetlicne  wundu 

'Sone  fe  him  wealh-'Seo 

dohtor  frio  wicg  somod  *swancor  2175 

10     ond  sadol-beorht  hyre  sy^an  wses  sefter 

beah-^ege  brost  geweor^Sod.  swa  beal- 

dode  beam  ecg-fteowes.  guma  girSum 

cu^  godim  dsedum  dreah  sefter  dome 

nealles  druncne  slog.  *  heor^S-genea-  2180 

1 5     tas  nses  him  hreoh  sef a.  ac  he  man- 

cynnes  mseste  craefte.  gin-fsestan 

gife  J?e|him  god  sealde  heold  hilde- 

deor  hean  wses  lange  s\va|hyne  geata 

beam  godne  ne|tealdon.  *ne|hyne  2185 

20     on  medo-bence  micles  wyr^ne. 

1  nealles  AB  ;  now  the  second  I  torn  ||  o%rnm  A,  odr  .  .  .  .  B ;  now  um 
gone. 

2  ren  .  .  .  (n  added  with  another  ink  ?)  B,  re  and  a  blank  A  ;  now  only  r 
and  part  of  e  left. 

3  ni$a  .  .  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B,  m$a  A  ;  now  gone. 

4  gehmceZer  A,  gehwceder  B  ;  now  only  geh  and  the  first  stroke  of  n  left. 

6  hyrde  AB  ;  now  e  and  part  of  d  gone.         6  ge  B,  ge  .  .  .  A  ;  now  gone. 

7  ma$%um  A,  ma$$um  B  ;  now  only  the  first  two  strokes  of  the  first  111  left. 

8  %eod  (<S  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  %eo  left. 

9  swancor  AB  ;  now  r  gone.         10  cefter  A,  ceft  B  ;  now  entirely  gone. 

11  beal  with  another  ink  on  four  dots  B,  b  (no  blank  after  it)  A  ;  now  only 
the  long  stroke  of  b  left. 

12  gu%um  altered  from  gudi  with  another  ink  B,  gu^S  with  a  small  blank 
after  it  A ;  now  only  gu  left. 

13  dome  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  e  gone. 

14  genea  AB  ;  now  a  and  the  greater  part  of  the  preceding  e  gone. 

15  man  AB  ;  now  n  gone.         16  fcestan  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  n  gone. 
18  geata  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  second  a  gone. 


' 


^  io>C-  uctqiaii 
^ 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  101 

p.  100  =  fol.  1787  ==  11.  2186—2207. 

drihten  wereda  gedon  wolde  swy^e 

[wen]don  ]>cet  he  sleac  wsere  ae^eling  un- 

from  ed-wen-deii  cwom  tir-eadigura 

menn  torna  gehwylces.  *het  ^a  eorla  2190 

5     bleo  in|gefetian.  hea^o-rof  cyning 

hre'Sles  lafe.  golde  ge-gyrede  uses 

mid  geatura  'Sa  sinc-ma'S-Jnm  selra 

on  sweordes  had.  ]>cet  he  on|bio-wulfes 

bearm  alegde.  *ond  him  gesealde  seofan  2195 

10     busendo.  bold  ond  brego-stol  hiw  wses 

bam  samod  on  [Sam  leod-scipe 

lond  gecynde  eard  eftel-riht  o^rum 

swi'Sor.  side  rice  \&m  'Sser  selra  wses. 

*eft  \icet  ge-iode  ufaran  dognm.  hilde-  2200 

15     hlsem-mmtt  sy^^an  hygelac  Iseg.  ond 

hearede  hilde-meceas  under  bord- 

hreo^an  tojbonan  wurdon.  ^a  hyne 

gesohtan  on  sige-beode  *  heard  e  hilde-  2205 

frecan  heafto-scilfingas.  ntf5a|ge- 
20     nsegdan.  nefan  here-rices  sy'S'San 

1  drihten  altered  with  another  ink  from nten  B,  a  blank  A;  now- 
only  the  greatest  part  of  ten  and  the  second  stroke  of  h  before  it  left  |j  the 
three  last  words  in  the  line  partially  covered  (cf.  FS.). 

2  a  blank  and  then  don  A,  .  .  don  B ;  now  only  part  of  d  left  before  on 
(there  may  be  more  of  d  left  than  is  visible  in  the  FS.,  but  nothing  can  be 
made  out  under  the  paper). 

3  from  AB ;  now  only  m  left  (or,  at  any  rate,  visible). 

4  menn  AB  ;  now  me  and  the  first  stroke  of  the  first  n  gone,  and  the  second 
stroke  of  it  partially  covered. 

6  hleo  AB  ,-  now  hi  gone  and  e  covered. 

6  kre%les  AB ;  now  hr  and  part  of  the  first  e  gone,  and  the  rest  of  that  e 
and  a  veiy  small  part  of  %  covered. 

7  mid  A,  miS  B  ;  now  gone. 

8  on  B,  n  after  a  small  blank  A  ;  now  gone. 

9  bearm  AB  ;  now  be  gone,  and  a  and  part  of  r  covered. 

10  \>nsendo  AB  ;  now  \>  gone,  u  covered,  and  part  of  *  rubbed  off. 

11  bam  altered  with  another  ink  from  .  .  in  B,  a  blank  and  am  A  ;  now 
only  m  left  (or,  at  any  rate,  visible). 

12  lond  B,  tond  A ;  now  only  nd  left  (or,  at  any  rate,  visible). 

13  srviZor  A,  srvidor  B ;  now  s  and  part  of  tc  gone,  and  the  rest  of  w  covered. 

14  eft  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  lower  part  of  /  gone,  and  nearly  the  whole  of 
what  is  left  of  /  covered. 

15  hlcem,  mum.  altered  to  hl<xn  num.  A,  hlcem,  mum  B  ;  now  the  first  stroke 
of  h  gone,  and  the  second  stroke  of  it  and  the  top  of  I  covered. 

16  part  of  h  in  hearede  covered 

17  the  greater  part  of  h  in  ?ireo$an  covered. 

18  only  very  little  of  g  in  getohtan  covered. 

19  an  inconsiderable  part  of  r  in  frecan  rubbed  off. 

20  only  very  little  of  n  in  naff  dan  covered. 


102  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  101,  11.  1—10  =  fol.  179', -11.  1—10  =  11.  2207—2219. 
beowulfe  brade  rice  on|hand  ge-hwearf 
he|ge-lieold  tela  fiftig  wint.ru  wses  fta 

frod  cyning  *eald  ebel-weard  o^^set  2210 

6n  ongan  deorcum  nihtura  draca  rics[i]an 
5     se'Se  on  heaj^SoJ-hlsewe  hord  be-weotode 
stan-beorh  stearne  stig  under  laeg 

eldum  uncu^  J>3er  on  innan  giong.  *ni^Sa  2215 

nat-hwylc  : : : :  : : :  gefeng  hse'Snum  horde 
hond  ::::::::  : :  : : :  since  fall  ne  he  Ipcet 
10     sy'S'San  : : : : :  f> : :  :  ^  :   : :  slsepende  be 

All  that  is  distinct  in  the  FS.  in  fol.  179  has  been  freshened  up  by  a  later 
hand  in  the  MS. 

1  beoivulfe  A,  Beowulf e  B  ;  now  the  top  of  b  gone  ||  brade,  not  brcede  MS.  ; 
cf.  FS.  (part  of  the  stroke  connecting  a  with  d  not  freshened  up)  ||  ge  hwearf 
AB  ;  now  Jimearf  gone. 

2  tvintru  is  owing  to  the  later  hand,  the  u  standing  in  the  place  of  an 
original  a  (cf.  the  FS.)  ||  mass  %a  ($  altered  from  d  B)  AB  ;  now  only  m  and 
the  first  half  of  ce  (looking  like  «)  lefr. 

3  n  in  weard  looks  very  much  like  p  ||  0<Sc5oe£  AB  ;  now  t  and  part  of  ce  gone. 

4  o  in  on  written  by  the  later  hand  instead  of  an  original  a,  which  is  still 
pretty  distinct  ||  ricsan  (s  altered  from  r?)  A,  ric  an  altered  to  rlcsan  with  a 
different  ink  B  ;  now  gone. 

5  what  is  left  of  the  two  letters  after  Jiea  justifies  us  in  reading  them  $o 
(the  stroke  under  the  line  must  be  accidental)  ||  very  little  of  hlcBJve  freshened 
up ;  the  li  indistinct,  Icetve  pretty  certain,  but  the  w  may  be  easily  mistaken  for 
\>  in  consequence  of  the  h  of  liivylc  on  fol.  179V  being  visible  through  the  parch 
ment  (nothing  in  AB  between  Jiea  and  Iwrd)  ||  beiveotode  AB ;  now  ode  gone. 

6  stearne  is  owing  to  the  later  hand,  r  standing  on  an  original  _/>  ||  Iceg  AB ; 
now  g  and  the  second  half  of  ce,  gone. 

7  ni&a  (<5  altered  from  d  with  a  different  ink)  B,  m$a  A  ;•  now  a  gone. 

8  only  part  of  Jwvylc  freshened  up  ||  gefeng  certain,  the  stroke  over  /  being 
accidental  (nothing  in  AB  between  nat  and  ha&nu-m)  jj  horde  AB  ;  now  only 
h  and  part  of  o  left. 

9  faJi]  originally  fac,  but  h  written  over  c  ||  he  $  (\>cet  B)  AB  ;  now  gone. 

10  the  traces  left  between  £>  and  slwpende  I  think  justify  us  in  reading  \eali 
$e  he  ||  be  AB  j  now  only  the  very  bottom  of  b  left,  e  entirely  gone. 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  103 

p.  101,  11.  11—21  =  fol.  179r,  11.  11—21  =  11.  2219 2230. 

syre  : : : :  de  *J?eofes  crsefte  \>ait  sie  2220 

ftiod  :::::::::  folc  beorna  ]>cet  he|ge 
bolge[n]  wses.  XXXII 

Nealles  midjge-weoHum  wyrm-liorda 
crseft  sylfes  williwi  se^e  him  sare  ge- 
sceod  ac  for  jjrea-nedlan  J>[egn]  nat- 

hwylces  ^hsele^a  bearna  hete-swengeas  2225 

fleoh  .:::::  Jjearfa  ond  ftser  inne  weall 
secg  syn-bysig  sona  mwatide  ]>cet  ::::: 
20     ft&m  gyst :   : : : : :  broga  stod  hwseftre 

: : : :  sceapeii 2230 

11  syre}  I  do  not  see  any  trace  of  the  first  letter  having  ever  been  /  ||  /  in 
\>eofes  only  partially  freshened  up  ||  sie  AB  ;  now  e  gone. 

12  only  %  in  %iod  freshened  up  ||  what  looks  like  an  i  over  the  line  between 
folc  and  beorna  seems  accidental  ||  a  in  beorna  not  freshened  up  ||  he  clumsily 
freshened  up  (not  koz). 

13  n  in  bolgen  faded. 

14  midge  not  freshened  up  |[  tveoldum  the  later  hand  instead  of  wealdnm, 
the  a  being  still  recognisable  ||  nothing  after  horda  (only  part  of  r  in  c  reef  turn 
in  the  back  page  shows  through). 

15  sa  in  sare  not  freshened  up  ||  ge  (with  another  ink  A)  AB ;  now  gone. 

16  the  traces  of  three  letters  between  \>  and  nat  justify  us  in  reading  cgn, 
(\>egn  K). 

17  Timylces  not  freshened  up  ||  stcengeas  (altered  from  sweangeas  B)  AB ;  now 
eas  gone. 

18  fleah  first  hand  ||  to  judge  from  what  is  left,  the  second  word  of  this  line 
was  cernes  (oe  and  n  are  almost  certain,  cf.  FS.)  ||  rfa  in  \>earfa  not  freshened 
up  ||  weall  (with  ....  after  it  A)  AB  ;  now  only  meal  left,  but  tv  stands  on  an 
original/,  which  is  still  recognisable;  and  what  seemed  to  be  another  I  in 
Thorlekin's  time  may  have  been  the  remnant  of  an  original  7t. 

19  by  in  bysig  not  freshened  up  ||  mrvatide,  no  doubt,  the  second  hand 
||  nothing  in  AB  after  }>cRt. 

20  the  indistinct  letter  after  gyst  seems  to  have  been  e  (gyste  Gt  K)  ||  the 
traces  of  the  third  word  allow  us  to  read  gryre  ||  broga  certain,  although  o  and 
a  not  freshened  up  ||  hwaZre  as  good  as  certain,  although  %re  is  not  freshened 
up,  and  e  not  entire  (kivce  AB). 

21  according  to  the  traces  left,  the  first  word  may  have  been  earni  (so  K) 
||  ea  in  sceapen  not  freshened  up. 


101  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  102,  11.  1—10  =  fol.  171T,  11.  1—10  =  11.  2230—2239. 

sceapen 

:  :   :  :  :  :  se  fees  begeat  sinc-fset 

baer  wses  swylcra  fela  in  ft-am  eor^S- 

[hu]se  aer-ge-streona  swa  liy  on  gearda- 
5     gu??i  gumena  nathwylc  eormen-lafe 

sepelan  cynnes  * fanc-hycgende  )>ser|ge-  2235 

hydde.  deore  magmas  ealle  hie  deaft 
for-nam  serran  mselura.  ond  si  an  fta  gen 
leoda  dugirSe  se|^aer  lengest  hwearf 
10     wear's  wine-geomor  rihde  J?aes  yldan 

1-3  AB  do  not  help  here.  l  part  of  en  covered. 

2  \>a  liyne  before  w?«||  fees  freshened  up,  but  s  seems  to  stand  on  an 
original  r. 

4  ge  streona  after  a  blank  A,  se  .  .  er  ge  streona  B  ;  now  nothing  discern 
ible  before  cer. 

6  gum  A,  gum  B  ;  now  gone. 

6  afyelan  A,  ceZelan  altered  from  cedelan  with  another  ink  B  ;   now  ce\>  and 
the  greatest  part  of  e  gone. 

7  hy^Se  (altered  from  hydde  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  hy  gone,  and 
part  of  the  first  d  covered. 

8  for  AB  ;  now  fo  gone,  and  a  small  part  of  r  covered  ||  si  the  later  hand, 
but  i  seems  to  stand  on  an  original  e. 

9  leoda  (with  another  ink  A)  AB ;  now  leo  gone,  and  part  of  d  covered  ||  cer 
in  See?'  not  freshened  up. 

10  tveard  B,  feard  A ;  now  TV  and  the  upper  part  of  e  gone,  the  rest  of  e 
and  a  small  part  of  a  covered  ;  the  last  letter  of  the  first  word  was  originally 
{5,  although  the  later  hand  has  not  freshened  up  the  stroke  through  the  d 
|1  rikde  the  later  hand,  but  tvende  the  first. 


•-.": 
t      f  t\\. 

V 


• 


T  •   *-i  *£•  §  <•*     v-'         S' 

|>rf\v  ptel  foylcfia.  pna :in>rt  ft?|il 
v>  ^  frfivvna   ij?aV»r  on^ftiiiH 
mfviit  mir^yic  ftrjim4^  tajp? 
i\n  cyrih^  Vane  ji;  -^  *  *  ^^ 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  105 

p.  10?,  11.  11—21  =  fol.  179T,  11.  11—21  =  11.  2240—2252. 

*]pcet  lie  lytel  faec  long-gestreona  brucan  2240 

moste  beorh  call  gearo  wunode  on  wonge 

wseter-y^um  neali  niwe  be  nsesse  nearo- 

crsdftum  fsest  baer  on  innon  bser  eorl- 
15     ge-streona  *hringa  hyrde  hard-wyrftne  2245 

dsel  fsettan  goldes  fee  worda  cwse'S.  heald 

bu  nu  hruse.  nu  hsele'S  ne  msestan  eorla- 

sehte  hwset  hyt  ser  on|%e  gode  begeaton 

gu^-deaS  for-nam.  *reorh-bealc  frecne  2250 

20     fyrena  gehwylcne.  leoda  minra  bana 

fte  bis  ofgeaf  gesawon  sele-dream  : : 

11  ->  Qpcet  B)  he  AB  ;  now  only  e  and  the  second  half  of  h  left. 

12  moste  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  m  gone,  and  the  rest  of  m  covered 
||  the  second  I  in  call  not  freshened  up  ||  a  small  part  of  e  in  wonge  covered. 

13  wceter  B,  meter  A ;  now  w  and  the  greatest  part  of  ce  gone,  the  rest  of 
OB  covered,  r  not  freshened  up. 

14  crceftum  A,  crceftum  B  ;  now  c  gone,  and  the  first  stroke  of  r  covered 
||  innon  the  later  hand,  but  o  stands  on  an  original  a. 

15  ge  streona  AB  ;  now  g  gone,  and  the  first  e  covered  ||  m  (or/?)  and 
the  stroke  through  d  in  wyrftne  not  freshened  up. 

16  dcel  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  d  gone,  the  rest  of  it  and  part  of  ce 
covered  ||  fee  later  hand,  but  originally  fea  ||  w  in  morda  not  freshened  up 
||  only  h  in  heald  (not  lieold !)  freshened  up. 

17  \>  in  \>u  covered  ||  nu  hruse  (neither  hrucce  nor  hrusce  1)  not  freshened 
up  ;  no  letter  effaced  after  it  ||  mcestan  later  hand,  but  I  think  I  see  an  original 
o"under  the  ce;  a  also  seems  to  stand  on  another  vowel  (u  or  o?). 

18  part  of  ce  in  cehte  covered  ||  only  part  of  y  in  hyt  freshened  up. 

19  part  of  g  in  gu^  covered  ||  reorli  lealc  later  hand,  but  the  first  r  stands 
on  an  original  /,  and  c  on  an  original  o. 

20  part  of  /  in  fyrena  covered  ||  the  second  stroke  of  h  and  the  whole  of 
w  in  gehwylcne  not  freshened  up  ||  ]>ana  later  hand,  no  doubt ;  nor  do  I  see 
any  sign  of  the  third  letter  having  originally  been  r. 

21  part  of  fc  in  fc<?  covered. 


106  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  103  =  fol.  180'  ==  11.  2252—2274. 

nah  hwa  sweord  wege  o'S'Se  fe[o]r[mie] 

fseted  wsege.  drync-fset  deore  dugfuS] 

ellor  seoc  *sceal|se  hearda  helm  [hyr]-  2255 

sted  golde  faetum  befeallen  feormynd 
5     swefa'S.  Jja'Se  beado-griman  bywan 

sceoldon.  ge  swylce  seo  here-pad  sio 

3et|hilde  gebad  ofer  borda  gebrsec 

bite  irena  *  brosna'S  sefter  beorne  2260 

ne|m8eg  byrnan  hring  sefter  wig-fru- 
10     man  wide  feran  hsele:Su??i  be  healfe 

uses  hear-pau  wyn.  gomen  gleo-beames 

ne|god  hafoc  geond  ssel  swinged  ne  se 

swifta  mearh  *  burh-stede  beate'S  bealo-  2265 

cwealm  hafa'S  fela  feorb-cynna  for'S 
15     on-sended.     Swa|giomor-mod  gioh^So 

msende.  an  sefter  eallum  unbli^e  hwefop] 

dseges  ond  nihtes  o^^set  dea^es  wylm  *hran  2270 

set  heortan  hord-wynne  fond  eald  uht- 

scea^a  opene  standan  Be$e|byrnende 
20     biorgas  sece^.  nacod  ni^-draca  nihtes 

fleoge'S  fyre  be-fangen  hyne  fold-buend 

1  nah  htva  B,  naJi  lima  A  ;  now  the  top  of  nah  Ji  gone  [[  feormie]  /with 
another  ink  and  a  blank  A,fe.  .  .  B  ;  now  only  /entire,  after  it  part  of  a 
letter  which  may  have  been  c  and  further  on  a  stroke  which  may  have  belonged 
to  r  (by  no  means  to  g}  :  between/  and  that  stroke  there  was  not  room  enough 
for  more  than  two  letters. 

2  dug  with  another  ink  and  a  blank  A,  dug  .  .  (with  another  ink?)  B ;  now 
the  upper  part  of  g  gone  (dugufce  K,  but  dHg^&e]  Th,  dug  Gt). 

3  hyr']  a  blank  A,  .  .  B  (hyr  K,  but  [hyr]  Gt  Th.). 

4  feor  mynd  (mynd  altered  from  a  single  stroke  with  another  ink?  B)  AB  ; 
now  the  greater  part  of  y  and  the  whole  of  nd  gone. 

6  byman  AB  ;  now  n  not  quite  distinct.  6  sio  AB  ;  now  io  gone. 

9  wig  fru  B,  ivig  fwn  A;  now  only  wi  and  a  small  part  of  g  left. 

11  beames  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  s  gone. 

12  se  AB  ;  now  s  torn.  13  bealo  AB  ;  now  lo  gone. 

14  feor%  AB  ;  now  /  torn  asunder,  and  7'<5  gone  ;  there  is  a  dot  under  c, 
which  is  besides  very  indistinct. 

16  hrveop]  htveir  with  another  ink  A  (from  an — dceges  1.  16  omitted,  but 
afterwards  and  altered  to  dages  B) ;  now  p  and  the  second  half  of  o  gone 
(hweop  K,  but  7i?ve[op]  Gt,  hwce  Th). 

17  hran  AB  ;  now  n  and  the  second  part  of  a  gone. 

18  uht  B,  nht  A  ;  now  t  and  the  lowest  part  of  Ji  gone. 

19  byrnende  B  (opene — biorgas  1.  20  omitted  A). 

20  nihtes  AB  ;  now  es  gone,  and  h  torn  (Prof  Kolbing.  disregarding   that, 
mistakes  the  second  stroke  of  li  for  t  and  t  for  e).      21  bueud  AB  ;  now  d  gone. 


utaii 


bttofiuvi  d^rr^i  b 
trim  an  Imnt^  a^d\\  in 

1  '  '' 

U 


cm  v#i^^  •  *1M«£U5  t|ionv  ip<fo^\£$L 

L   Q-         \\~         1  TV'  ! 

tni^rrD^.  cm  iH^^duittfUttUuA*;^^ 

s  oS^^fttfe  pvlttita 

! /        < 


cr&afer  Uyn^  ajt  abftudt 


BEOWULF:    TEANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  ' 

p.  104  =  fol  180T  =  11.  2275—2296. 

*  [swrSe  oxidr»]da[$]  he|ge-secean  sceall  [ho]r[d]  2275 

[on]  hrusan  }>ser  he  hasten  gold  waralS 

wintrum  frod  nelby'S  him  wihte  'Sy  sel. 

swa  se  Seod-scea^a  Jjreo  hund  wintra. 
5     heold  on  hrusam  hord-8erna|su??i  *  eacen-  2280 

crseftig  o^^set  hyne  an  abealch  mon 

onjmode  man-dryhtne  baer.  fseted 

weege  frio'So-wsere  bsed  hlaford  sinne 

'Sa  wses  hord  rasod  onboren  beaga 
10     hord  bene  getrSad  *  feasceaf turn  men  2285 

frea  sceawode.  fira  fyrn-geweorc 

forman  si^e.  J>a|se  wyrm  onwoc  wroht 

waes  geniwad.  stonc^a  sefter  stane 

stearc-heort  onfand  feondes  fot- 
15     last  he|to  for^  gestop.  *  dyrnan  crsefte  2290 

dracan  heafde  neah.  swa  mseg  unfsege 

ea^e  gedigan  wean  ond  wrsec-siS  se^e  wal- 

dendes  hyldo  gehealde])  hord-weard 

sohte  georne  sefter  grunde  wolde 
20     guman  findan.  *  pone  be  him  on  sweo-  2295 

fote  sare  geteode.  hat  ond  hreoh-mod 

1  a  blank  A,  .  .  .  Tie  ge sceall  beam  B  ;  the  beginning  of  the  line 

is  torn  off,  the  d  is  not  perfect,  the  letter  after  a  may  have  been  $  as  well  as  ?i, 
liege  is  quite  clear,  secean  pretty  certain,  sceall  certain  ;  at  the  end  of  the  line 
there  are  traces  of  some  four  letters,  the  last  but  one  of  which  \vas,  no  doubt,  r. 

2  on  hrusan']   hrusan  Gt  Th  K,  riisan  B  and  MS.  now  (>•  covered),  a 
blank  A. 

3  a  blank  A,  as  above  B,  only  omitting  %y  sel,  which  words,  however,  are 
tolerably  distinct  (%y  certainly,  not  %>e) ;  now  win  gone. 

4  swa  AB ;  now  sm  gone,  and  pa'rt  of  a  covered. 

6  heold  AB  ;  now  h  gone,  and  e  and  part  of  o  covered  (enot  quite  distinct). 

6  cr&ft'ig  AB  ;  now  c  and  the  first  part  of  r  gone,  and  the  rest  of  r  covered. 

7  o  and  part  of  n  in  on  covered. 

8  part  of  n?  in  mcege  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  w  as  well  as  a  little 
of  the  lower  part  of  g  covered  ||  sin"e :   the  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

9  %a  (altered  from  da  with  another  ink  B)  wees  AB  ;  now  %a  w  gone,  aud 
part  of  OB  covered. 

10  7*07-^  AB  ;  now  h  gone. 

11  fr  (especially/)  \ufrea  partially  covered. 

12  forman  AB  ;  now /gone,  and  part  of  o  covered. 

13  w  in  wees  all  but  entirely  covered. 

14  stearc  AB  ;  now  a  not  quite  entire,  and  part  of  ste  covered. 

15  last  AB ;    I  gone,  and  part  of  a  covered  ||  part  of  e  in  crcefte  covered. 

16  d  in  dracan  all  but  entirely  covered. 

17  part  of  the  first  e  in  ea%e  covered. 

18  part  of  the  first  e  in  dendes  covered  ||  j?  in  gehealde}>  altered  from  w. 

19  *  in  sohte  all  but  entirely  covered. 

20  guman  AB  :  now  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 


108  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  105  =  fol.  181r  =  11.  2296—2315. 

hlsewuw  oft  ymbe-hwearf  ealne  utan- 

weardne  ne|^aer  aenig  mon  on  bgere 

westenne  hwee^re  hilde  gefeh  bea[du] 

weorces  hwilum  on|beorh  set-hwearf 
5     *  sinc-fset  solite  he|f>ee£  sona  on-fand  2300 

ftaet  hsefde  gumena  su??i  goldes  g3- 

fandod  heah-gestreona  hord-weard 

onbad  earfoft-lice  o'S'Sajt  sefen  cwom 

waesj^algebolgen  beorges  hyrde. 
10     *  wolde  fela  'Sa  lige  for-gyldan  drinc-  2305 

fset  dyre.  J?a|wses  dseg  sceacen  wyr- 

me  on  willan  no  on  wealle  laeg  bi- 

dan  wolde  ac  mid  bsele  for  fyre 

gefysed  wsesjse  fruma  egeslic 
15     *  leodum  on  lande  swa|hyt  lungre  2310 

wear^  on  hyra  sinc-gifan  sare 

ge-endod :—  XXXIII. 

T\A  se  gsest  ongan  gledura  spiwan 

beorht  hofu  bsernan  bryne- 
20     leoma  stod  eldum  on  andan  no^ser 

aht  cwices.  *la:S  lyft-floga  Isefan  2315 

1  hlcewum  A,  klceivnm  (hlce  added  with  another  ink)  B ;  now  the  upper 
part  of  hlceiv  gone  ||  ealne  utan  (itcan  A)  AB ;  now  e  utan  and  part  of  I  gone. 

2  \>czre  B,  a  blank  A  ;  now  nothing  but  the  lower  part  of  the  perpendicular 
stroke  of  \>  left. 

3  bea  (added  with  another  ink  A)  AB  ;  now  part  of  a  gone. 

4  Jitvcarf  AB  ;  now  rf  and  part  of  a  gone. 

6  fand  (altered  tofan%  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  and  gone. 

7  tveard  AB  ;  now  rd  gone. 

8  civom  A,  cmotn  B  ;    now  only  the  greater  part  of  c  left,  the  rest  of  the 
word  gone. 

10  drinc  AB  ;  now  c  gone.  u  vvyr  AB  ;  now  yr  gone. 

12  bi  AB  ;  now  i  and  the  greater  part  of  b  gone. 
14  an  erasure  of  several  letters  (lead  ?}  after  egeslic. 

19  bryne  AB  ;  now  e  and  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

20  noZcer  A,  neZer  altered  from  neder  with  another  ink  B  ;  now  r  and 
j»art  of  ce  gone. 


.jl  <;  |0t  phr£-  Wf  £01*4:  otiijl 
'  •>-       Jlp^I  junlfita  j^.j^bi^.  ^ 

|V;  I'     •    •  :M^ 

••'a^  fttui'tfS  tta 


ytllun  no  ;C'it;|?^tII^  t 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  109 

p.  106  =  fol.  181y  =  11.  2315-2339. 

wolde.  wses  J>ses  wyrmes  wig  wide  gesyne 

nearo-fages  ni^  nean  ond  feorran  hu 

se  gu^-scea^a  geata  leode  hatode  ond  hyn- 

de  hord  eft  gesceat.  *  dryht-sele  dyrn-  2320 

5     ne  ser  daeges  hwile.  hsefde  land-wara 

lige  befangen  baele  ond  bronde  beorges 

getruwode  wiges  ond  wealles  him  seo  wen 

geleah  J?a|wses  bio-wulfe  broga  gecy- 

'Sed  *snude  to  softe  ]>cet  his  sylt'es  him  2325 

10     bolda  selest  bryne-wylmum  mealt. 

gif-stol  geata  \<%t  ^am  godan  wses.  hreow 

on  hre'Sre  hyge-sorga  msest  wende 

se  wisa  \ce,t  he  wealdende  *  ofer  ealde  2330 

riht  ecean  dryhtne  bitre  gebulge 
15     breost  innan  weoll  Jjeostrum  gejjoncum 

swa  him  gebywe  ne  waes.  haefde  lig-draca 

leoda  fsesten.  ealond  utan  eor^S-weard 

SSone  *gledu??i  forgrunden  hi???,  'Sees  gu^S-  2335 

kyning  wedera  bioden  wrsece  leornode 
20     heht  him  ba|ge-wyrcean  wigendra  hleo  eall- 

irenne  eorla  dryhten  wig-bord  vvrsetlic 

1  wolde.  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  ivig  AB  ;  now  i  and  the  upper  part  of  g  nearly 
faded  ||  gesyne  AB  ;  now  ne  gone,  and  part  of  gesy  covered. 

2  nearo  AB  ;  now  ne  gone. 

3  se  AB  ;  now  s  gone,  and  e  all  but  entirely  covered  ||  part  of  g  in  gti% 
covered  ||  the  second  stroke  of  n  in  hyn  covered. 

*  de  hord  AB  ;  now  de  and  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  Ti  gone. 

5  ne  AB ;  now  gone  ||  only  very  little  of  ce  in  cer  covered. 

6  lige  AB  ;  now  li  and  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  g  covered. 

7  yetrwvode  AB ;  now  part  of  g  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as  well  as 
part  of  the  first  e  covered ;  t  altered  from  g  and  n,  it  seems,  from  the  begin 
ning  of  e. 

8  geleah  AB  ;  now  g  and  part  of  the  first  e  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left 
of  that  e  covered. 

9  %ed  (%  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB ;  now  tS  gone,  and  e  and 
part  of  d  covered  ||  s  in  smide  torn. 

1°  b  in  bolda  entirely  covered. 

11  gif  AB  ;  now  g  gone,  and  i  and  part  of/  covered. 

12  on  AB  ;  now  o  gone,  and  the  first  stroke  of  n  covered. 

13  se  AB  ;  now  s  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

14  riht  B,  ruht  A ;  now  riht  still  left,  although  ri  and  h  are  torn,  and  r 
and  part  of  i  covered. 

15  breost  AB ;  now  the  top  of  b  covered,  and  the  rest  of  b  gone. 

16  part  of  s  in  swa  covered.  17  part  of  d  in  weard  covered. 

18  only  very  little  of  $  in  %one  covered. 

19  cyning  AB  ;   but  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  reading  of  the   MS.  was 
kyning,  although  now  part  of  k  is  gone  (hyning  K,  cy.  Gt  Tli). 

20  part  of  the  first  h  in  heht  covered  ||  the  second  I  in  eall  covered. 

21  part  of  i  in  irenne  and  part  of  c  in  ivrcetlic  covered. 


110  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  107  =  fol.  182r  =  11.  2339—2361. 

wisse  he|gearwe  *lpcet  him  holt-wudu  he[lpan]  2340 

ne  meahte  lind  wi^  lige  sceolde 

J>end-daga  aepeling  ser-god  ende  ge- 

bidan  worulde  lifes  and  se  wyrm  so- 
5     mod  peah  ^e  hord-welan  heolde  lange 

*oferhogode  'Sa  hringa  fengel  \cnt  he  2345 

f  one  wld-flogan  weorode  gesohte 

sidan  herge  no  he  him  para  ssecce  on- 

dred.  ne|him  fees  wyrmes  wig  for 
10     wiht  dyde.  eafo^  ond  ellen  for^oii  he 

ser  fela  *  nearo  ne^ende  nfSa  gedigde  2350 

hilde-hlemma  sy^^an  helhro^-gares 

sigor-eadig  secg  sele  fselsode,  ond  set|girSe 

for-grap  grendeles  msegu??i  la^an 
15     cynnes  no  pset  Isesest  wses  *  hond-gemot  2355 

j>ser  mon  hygelac  sloh.  sy^^an  geata 

cyning  gu^e-rsesum  freawine  folca 

f res-londum  on  hre'Sles  eafora 

hioro-dryncum  swealt  bille  gebeaten 
20     ponan  bio-wulf  com.  *  sylfes  craefte  2360 

sund-nytte  dreah  haafde  him  on  earme 

1  wisse  he  AB  ;  now  the  tops  of  ss  and  of  h  gone  ||  he  (at  the  end  of  the 
line)  with  another  ink  A,  he  .  .  B  ;  he  still  left. 

2  sceolde  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  second  e  gone. 

3  \>end  MS.,  no  doubt ;  not  \>ead  ||  ge  A,  ge.  B  ;  now  e  entirely  gone,  and 
only  the  very  lowest  part  of  g  preserved. 

6  lange  AB  ;  now  ge  gone. 

7  gesohte  AB  ;  now  the  last  e  no  longer  entire. 

11  gedigde  AB ;  now  the  last  e  and  part  of  the  preceding  d  gone. 

12  gares  AB  ;  now  only  ga  and  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  left. 

13  gru%e  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  g  left. 
15  gemot  AB  ;  now  only  ge  and  the  first  stroke  of  m  left. 

17  folca  AB  ;  now  part  of  a  gone  (what  is  left  of  the  letter  after  c  is 
enough  to  decide  that  it  was  a,  not  £). 

19  gebeaten  A,  gebaten  B  ;  now  n  gone,  and  the  preceding  e  not  quite 
distinct. 

21  earme  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  last  e  gone.. 


o  li  «y  t*.    . 


Itat«i?i3  ntoy^in 

yUUU 


AjtoUif  t 


tul 


nituiron 


\\£    oS&luMIt* -C^t1t?7)OH»  CU>{cttiy0L 

>  IIV^IVP-  'lids  on  iinlce  iiti^it^  Iiqiu 

W,  f  -  'NV^  .  'l          1_ 

iwt»  •  it*ni  ini7>  ttiit*'  oSdttA"  u^  vh»li^' 


\\y\\* 
ruiu 


yaVvtnn^a 
ltu* 


Jfr 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  -,  |  ^ 

p.  108  =  fol.  182"  =  11.  2361—2384. 

.   .  .  XXX.  hilde-geat-wa  J?a|he|to  holme 

[stjag  nealles  bet-ware  hremge|j)orf- 

[t]on  fe^e-wiges  be|hi??z  foran  on-gean. 

*  linde  bseron  lyt  eft  becwom  frara  fiam  2365 

5     hild-frecan  hames  niosan  ofer- 

swam  ^a  siole^a  bigong  sunu  ecg-^eowes 

earm  an-haga  eft  to  leoduw  J)ser  him 

hygd  gebead  hord  ond\rice  *  beagas  ond  brego-  2370 

stol  bearne  ne|truwode  \wt  he  wrS  selfyl- 
10     cwn  ebel-stolas  healdan.  cu^e.  ^a  wses 

hygelac  dead.  no|^y  ser  fea-sccafte 

findan  meahton  set^aw  se^elinge 

senige|^inga  *  ]>cet  he  heardrede  hlaford  2375 

wsere  o'S'Se  J?one  cyne-d6m  ciosan  wol- 
15     de.  hwse'Sre  he|hi??z  on  folce  freondlarura 

heold.  estura  mid  are  o'S'Sset  he  yldra 

wearS.  weder-geatum  weold  hyne  wrsec- 

msecgas  *  ofer  sae  sohtan  suna  ohteres  2380 

hsefdon  hy  forhealden  helm  scylfinga 
20     bone  selestan  ssecyninga  J?ara  ^e 

'Se  in  swio-rice  sine  brytnade.  mserne 

1  a  blank  (.  .  .  .  B)  before  XXX  AB  ;  now  the  first  X  (which  may  not  be 
entire)  almost  totally  covered  ||  the  tops  of  h  and  I  in  liilde  covered  |[  holme 
AB  ;  now  e  and  the  top  of  I  gone,  and  all  the  letters  except  o  partially  covered. 

2  ....  g  B,  a  blank  A  ;   now  before  g  the  second  part  of  a  still  visible, 
but  that  as  well  as  part  of  g  covered  (ig  Gt,  [_st~\ag  Th). 

3  .  on  B,  a  blank  A  ;  now  only  the  last  stroke  of  n  left,  and  that  covered. 

4  linde  AB ;  now  the  upper  part  of  I  gone,  and  the  rest  of  I  as  well  as  i 
and  a  very  small  part  of  n  covered.  6  Jiild  B  (the  whole  line  omitted 
in  A)  ;  now  the  top  of  h  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  covered. 

6  swam  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  s  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as  well 
as  almost  the  whole  of  w  covered. 

7  earm  AB  ;  now  ea  gone,  and  part  of  r  covered. 

8  Tiygd  AB  ;  now  the  upper  half  of  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  rest 
of  it  as  well  as  part  of  y  covered. 

9  stol  AB  ;  now  s  and  a  small  part  of  t  gone,  and  the  rest  of  t  covered. 

10  part  of  c  in  cum  covered.  n  hygelac  A,  Hygelac  B  ;  now  h  gone 
(or,  at  least,  not  discernible  under  the  paper),  and  part  of  yg  covered. 

12  findan  AB  ;  now  part  of  /  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as  i  covered. 

13  cenige  AB  ;  now  ce  gone,  and  part  of  n  covered. 

14  tvcere  AB ;  now  w  and  part  of  OR  gone,  and  nearly  all  that  is  left  of  ce 
covered.  15  de  AB  ;  now  d  and  part  of  e  gone,  and  the  rest  of  e  covered. 

16  a  very  small  part  of  h  in  heold  covered  ||  a  long  perpendicular  stroke 
erased  before  yldra.  17  m  in  wear%  all  but  entirely  covered. 

18  mcBcgas  A,  mcegas  B ;  now  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  m  gone, 
and  the  rest  of  the  first  stroke  as  well  as  the  second  covered. 

19  h  in  hcefdon  covered  ^forhealden  altered  from  forgolden  (h  added  over 
the  line,  go  altered  to  ea). 

20  \>  in  \>one  almost  entirely  covered.  21  part  of  %  in  %e  covered. 


jjo  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  109  =  fol.  183r  =  11.  2384—2404. 

peoden  him  \cd  to  mearce  wearS  *he  pser  2385 

orfeorme  feorh-wunde  bleat  sweor- 
des  swengum  sunu  hygelaces.  ond  him 
eft  gewat  ongen-'Sioes  beam  hames 
5     niosan  sy'S'San  heardred  Iseg.  let 
^one  brego-stol  bio-wulf  healdan 
*geatuw  wealdan  Ipcet  wses  god  cyning.  2390 

^  XXXIIII. 

^k  E  ftees  leod-hryres  lean  gemundo 

|^_3  uferan  dogrum  ead-gilse  wearS  fea- 

sceaftu?7i  freond  folce  gestepte.  ofer 

sae  side  sunu  ohteres  *wigu?n  ond  wsepnuw  2395 

he|ge-wraec  sy^^an  cealdum  cear-si^um 

cyning  ealdre  bineat.  swa  he  ni'Sa  ge- 
15  hwane  genesen  hsefde  sli^ra  geslyhta 

sunu  ecg'Siowes,  ellen-weorca  o^l^one 

anne  dseg  *pe  he  wi^S  pam  wyrme  gewegan  2400 

sceolde.  ge-wat  pa  .xii.  sum  tome  ge- 

bolgen  dryhten  geata  dracan  sceawian 
20  haefde  pa  ge-frunen  hwanan  sio  fseh^S 

aras.  bealo-niS  biorna  hiwi  to|bearme 

1  \>eoden  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  J?  gone,  part  of  d  faded,  and  the 
two  £8  not  quite  distinct  ||  \>ce,r  A,  beer  B  ;   now  the  greater  part  of  \>  and  the 
whole  of  cer  gone. 

2  sweor  B,  sweore  A ;  now  only  sw  and  part  of  e  left. 

3  him  B,  hum  A ;  now  only  part  of  h  left. 

4  hames  AB  ;  now  only  ha  and  the  first  stroke  of  m  left. 
6  let  AB  ;  now  I  torn,  and  e  and  t  not  quite  entire. 

11  ofer  AB  ;  now  the  second  half  of  r  gone. 

13  this  line  as  well  as  1.  19  begins  a  little  more  to  the  left  than  usual, 
because  there  was  not  room  enough  for  h  and  b  under  the  s  of  the  preceding 
lines  (cf.  175r  1.  12). 

14  ge  AB  ;  now  torn,  and  e  not  quite  entire. 

15  geslyhta  A,  geslyh  .  .  B  ;  now  a  and  a  small  part  of  t  gone. 
w  r  in  wyrme  altered  from  some  other  letter. 

19  cf.  note  to  1.  13  |j  scean-lan  AB  ;   now  the  second  stroke  of  n  gone. 

20  h  and  $  in /te/<(  <S  torn. 


i  |»iiiizn* 

&  if&jiini  runu  Iir 

'' 


nio*an 


io|* 


>\v  1  1  u 


!m 


itr  ^a  .  vn     u 


•     _    ,       <»  •••          .  •       :  .       :.......,-. 

^^wf^J^v,^ 

attG^iafesi^ 

*  > 


UoUn  yylmi?-  tti4i  .c 


uu 


nf^ 

taAo  abftv^ 
Inm 


on 


rummp 

tjtiV  ..  plb^t 
bur-pulp 


BEOWULF:     TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  113 

p.  110  =  fol.  183r  =  11.  2404—2427. 

cwom  *  maS$jm??z-faet  rnsere  Jmrh  ^ses  mel-  2405 

dan  hond  se|waes  on  ft&m  Create  £reotteo- 

^a  secg  senses  orleges  or  on-steakle  hseft 

hyge-giomor  sceolde  hean  'Sonon.  wong 
5     wisian  he  ofer  willan  giong.  *to|:<$8es:33  2410 

he  eor^S-sele  anne  wisse.  hlsew  under 

hrusan  holm-wylme  neh.  y^gewinne 

se|\vses  innan  full  wrsetta  ond  wira  weard 

un-hiore  gearo  guSS-freca  gold-ma^- 
10     mas  heold.  *eald  under  eor^San  uses  \<zt  2415 

y'Se  ceap  tojgegangenne  gumena  seniguwi 

gesset^a  on  naesse  nr3 -heard  cyning. 

Jjenden  hselo  ahead  heorS-geneatu?^  gold- 
wine  geata  him  wses  geomor  sefa  *waefre  2420 
15     ond  wselfus  wyrd  unge-mete  neah.  se^one 

gomelan  gretan  sceolde  secean  sawle 

hord  sundur  gedselan  lif  wrS  lice  no 

fon  lange  wses.  feorh  sebelinges  flsesce 

bewunden.   *hio-wulf  mabelade  hearn  2425 

20     ecg-'Seowes  fela  ic  onlgiogo^e  gu^rsesa 

genses  orleg-hwila  ic  ]>cet  eall  ge-mon. 

1  cwom  AB  ;  now  only  the  lowest  part'  of  the  last  stroke  of  m  left,  and 
that  covered  ||  mad]purn  A,  mad\>um  B  ;   now  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  m 
gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as  the  tops  of  $  and  J?  covered  (there  is  no  doubt 
that  the  third  letter  in  this  word  was  5,  not  d)  \\  s  in  %ces  torn  j|  mel  AB  ;  now 
part  of  e  and  a  very  great  part  of  I  gone. 

2  dan  AB  ;  now  d  and  the  first  half  of  a  gone,  and  the  rest  of  a  and  the 
first  stroke  of  n  covered. 

3  %a  AB  ;  now  gone. 

4  hyge  AB  ;  now  hy  and  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  g 
covered. 

6  wisian  AB  ;  now  tv  gone,  and  part  of  the  first  i  and  of  s  covered. 

6  the  first  stroke  of  h  in  he  covered. 

7  kriisan  AB  ;  now  h  and  the  lowest  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  gone,  and 
the  rest  of  that  stroke  covered. 

8  s  in  se  all  but  entirely  covered. 

11  y%e  (S  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  only  a  very  small 
part  of  y  gone,  but  it  is  almost  entirely  covered. 

12  part  of  g  in  gescet  covered.  13  part  of  \>  in  \>enden  covered. 

14  mine  AB  ;  now  w  and  part  of  i  gone,  the  rest  of  i  covered,  and  n  torn. 

15  the  horizontal  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  covered. 

16  a  small  part  of  g  in  gomelan  covered. 

17  the  first  stroke  of  h  in  hord  almost  entirely  covered. 

18  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  \>  in  fyon  covered. 

19  part  of  b  in  bewunden  covered. 

BEOWULF.  I 


114  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  Ill  =  fol.  184r  =  11.  2428—2450. 

ic  waes  syfan-wintre  J>a  mec  sinca  Lai- 
dor  frea-wine  folca  aet  minum  feeder 

genam  *heold  mec  ond  hsefde  hre'Sel  cyning  2430 

geaf  me  sine  ond  symbel  sibbe  gemunde 
5     naes  ic  him  to | life  la^ra  owihte  beom  in 

burgum  Jjonrae  his  bearna  hwylc.  here-beald 

ond  hae^-cyn.   o^^e  hygelac  min  *wses  fam  2435 

yldestan  ungedefelice  mseges  daedum 

morjjor-bed  stred  sy'S'San  hyne  hse^cyn 
10     of  horn-bogan.  his  frea-wine  flane  ge- 

swencte  miste  mercelses  ond  his  mseg  of- 

scet  *bro^or  o'Serne  blodigan  gare  Ipcet  wees  2440 

feoh-leas  gefeoht  fyrenum  gesyngad.  hre'Sre 

hyge-me^e  sceolde  hwse^re  swa  J>eah  se^Se- 
15     ling  un-wrecen  ealdres  linnan  swa  bift 

geomor-lic  gomelum  ceorle  *to|gebidanne  2445 

\)cet  his  byre  ride  giong  on  galgan  )>on«e  he 

gyd  wrece  sarigne  sang  J?on?ie  his|sunu 

hanga^  hrefne  tolhro^re  ond  he  him  helpan 
20     ne|mseg  eald  ond  infrod  senige  gefremman 

*  symble  bi^  gemyndgad  morna  gehwylce  2450 

1  ic  AB  ;  now  i  no  longer  entire  ||  si/fan  AB  ;  now  part  of  s  gone  ||  sinca 
bal  (ca  bal  on  dots  with  another  ink)  B,  sinta  bal  A ;  now  only  sin  left. 

2  feeder  A,  feed  .  .  .  with  or  added  on  the  first  two  dots  with  another  ink  B  ; 
now/be  still  entire,  but  the  upper  part  of  d  and  nearly  the  whole  of  er  gone. 

3  cyning  AB  ;  now  only  cy  and  the  greater  part  of  the  first  n  left. 

4  gemunde  AB  ;  now  the  last  e  gone.  6  in  B,  in  A  ;  now  gone. 
6  leald  AB ;  now  Id  and  the  second  half  of  the  preceding  a  gone. 

8  between  the  first  e  and  d  in  ungedefelice  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  / 
erased. 

11  of  AB  ;  now  only  o  and  the  upper  part  of /left. 

12  wees  AB ;  now  s  and  the  greater  part  of  ce  gone. 

13  hre$re  A,  hredre  B  ;   now  <S  torn,  and  re  gone. 

14  ce%e  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  e  gone,  and 
ce$  torn. 

17  he  AB ;  now  the  upper  part  of  e  gone. 

19  iS  in  UroZre  added  over  the  line  ||  helpan  B,  helwan  A ;  now  the  second 
stroke  of  n  gone. 

20  gefremman  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  n  and  the  tops  of  a  and  of 
the  first  stroke  of  n  gone,  an  besides  separated  from  gefremm  by  a  tear. 


V, 

i.i>^.-. 


yae?  ei 
•tetirt 

jtfca*  ]>oni'^ 


inlio^man^nif 

* 


>  i  / 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  115 

p.  112  ==  fol.  184T  =  2451—2472. 

eaforan  ellor-sift  oftres  ne  gymeft 

to  gebidanne  burgum  i  airman  yrfe- 

weardas  Jjonwe  se  an  hafaft  Jmrh  dea- 

Ses  nyd  dseda  gefondad.   *  gesyhft  sorh-  2455 

5     cearig  on  his  suna  bure  winsele  west- 

ne  wind-gereste.  reote  be-rofene 

ridend  swefaft  haele^  in|hoftman  nis   • 

Jjser  hearpan  sweg  gomen  in|geardu?7t 

swylce  Sser  iu|wseron.  XXXV. 

10  */"^1  E-witeft  ]>onne  on|sealman  sorh-leoft  24GO 

VJ    gseleft  an  sefter  anum  puhte  him  eall 

to  I  rum  wongas  owcZ|wic-stede  swa  wedra  helm 

sefter  here-bealde  heortan  sorge  weal- 

linde  wseg  wihte  ne|meahte.  *on  ^am  feorh-  2465 

15     bonan  faeglrSe  gebetan  no^y  ser  he  jjone 

hea'So-rinc  hatian  ne|meahte  la^uni 

daedum  ])eah  him  leof  ne|wses.  he^a  mid 

psere  sorhge  J>e|him  sio  sar  be-lamp  guw- 

dream  ofgeaf  godes  leoht  geceas  *  ea-  2470 

20     ferum  Isefde  swa  deft  eadig  mon  lond 

ond  leod-byrig  J>a|he  ofjlife  gewat  ]?a 


1  eaforan,  A,  Eaforan  (Eafor  with  another  ink)  B  ;  now  only  an  and  the 
lower  part  of  r  left,  the  latter  covered  ||  the  tops  of  the  two  Is  and  of  the 
first  two  $s  and  the  upper  part  of  the  last  $  covered. 

2  to  A,  To  (with  another  ink?)  B  ;  now  only  the  greatest  part  of  o  left, 
but  that  almost  entirety  covered  ||  part  of  g  in  gebidanne  covered. 

3  part  of  w  in  wear  das  covered. 

4  <5es  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  part  of  %  covered, 
and  there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  it  is  entire. 

10  GE  A,  Ge  B  ;  now  part  of  the  big  G  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it 
covered. 

14  linde  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  Z,  almost  the  whole  of  i,  and  a  small 
part  of  n  gone  ;  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  li  covered. 

15  the  top  of  the  b  in  bonan  covered. 

16  ri,nc :  the  correction  with  a  lighter  ink. 

20  /  \nferuw  torn,  and  a  small  part  of  it  covered. 

I    2 


116  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF   THE   MS. 

p.  113  =  fol.  185r  =  11.  2472—2495. 

waes  synn  ond  sacu  sweona  and  geata  ofer  [\v]id 

wseter  wroht  gemsene.  bere-ni'S  hearda 

sy^^an  hre'Sel  swealt  *o:5:Se  him  ongen-  2475 

'Seowes  eaferan  wseran  frome  fyrd- 
5     hwate  freode  ne|woldon  ofer  heafo 

healdan  ac  ymb  hreosna  beorh  eatolne 

inwit-scear  oft  ge  ge-fremedon.  ^cet  mseg- 

wine  mine  ge-wraacan  *fseb:Se  0«<2|fyrene  2480 

swa|hyt  gefraege  wses  feah'Se  o'Ser  his 
10     ealdre  ge-bohte  heardan  ceape  hse'S- 

cynne  wearS  geata  dryhtne  gu^  onssege 

fa  ic  on  morgne  gefraagn  maeg  o^erne 

*billes  ecgum  on|bonan  staelan.     faar  ongen-  2485 

J?eow  eofores  niosa^.  gu^-helm  toglad 
15     gomela  scylfing  hreas  blac  bond  ge- 

munde  :  fseb^o  genoge  feorb-sweng  ne|of- 

teab.  *ic  him  fa  magmas  fe|be|me  sealde  2490 

geald  set  gu^e  swa|me  gife^e  wses.  leohtan 

sweorde  be|me  lond  for-geaf  eard  e^el-wyn 
20     nses  bim  aenig  f earf  f cet  he|to  gif^u??!  o^^e 

to  gar-denum  *o:S:Se  in  swio-rice  secean  furfe  2495 

1  n'ces  AB  ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  very  bottom  of  tv  ||  synn  AB  ;  now  the 
upper  part  of  s  gone  j|  sacu  srveona  (Srveona  B)  AB  ;  now  the  tops  of  the  two 
ss  gone  ||  ofer  rid  A,  ofer  .  .  B  ;  now  only  o  and  the  greatest  part  of/  left. 

2  hearda  AB  ;  now  da  and  the  second  stroke  of  r  gone. 

6  eatolne  AB  ;  now  only  eat  and  the  first  half  of  o  left. 

7  mceg  AB ;  now  only  m  and  the  beginning  of  ce  left. 

11  onscege  AB  ;  now  e   and  a  small  part  of  g   gone,   besides   <xg   torn 
(cf.  FS.). 

13  ongen  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  the  second  n  gone. 

16  of  KB  •  now  the  second  half  of /no  longer  entire. 

19  wyn  AB  ;  now  n  and  the  right  portion  of  the  upper  part  of  y  gone. 


ti£i7ofoim  oiiflv 
' 


il  O 

' 


no 


li>e- 


adit 
\ii\>|\ran  pvlmaf  W 

ll  Inll^r  tVglic. 

lj  UCIUT>  inrati  .'  u&inilu  tint 
i  o  1  1/»   i 


\       & 


. 


BEOWULF:     TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  117 

p.  1H  =  fol.  185T  =  11.  2496—2519. 

wyrsan  wig-frecan  weor^e  gecypan  sy??ile 

ic  him  on  fe^an  beforan  wolde  ana  on 

orde  ond  swa  to  aldre  sceall  ssecce  frem- 

man  penden  bis  sweord  bola'S  *\cet  mec  aer  2500 

5     ond  si/3  oft|gelseste  sy^^an  ic  for  duge^ii?^ 

dseg-hrefne  wearS  to  hand-bonan  huga 

cempan  nalles  he|$a  frsetwe  fres-cyning 

breost-weorSunge  bringan  moste  *ac  2505 

in  | cempan  gecrong  cumbles  hyrde 
10     sebeling  on  elne  ne|wses  ecg  boua  ac|hira 

hilde-grap  heortan  wylraas  ban-hus 

gebrsec  nu  sceall  billes  ecg  hond  and  heard 

sweord  ymb  hord  wigan.   *beowulf  ma-  2510 

^Selode  beotrWOldum  sprsec  niehstan  si'Se 
15     iclge-ne^de  fela  gu'Sa  on|geogofte  gyt  ic 

wylle  frod  folces  weard  felrSe  secan 

mssi^wn  fremman  gif|mec  se  man-scea^a 

*of  eor<5-sele  ut  ge-sece'S  gegrette  ^a  2515 

gumena  ge-hwylcne  hwate  helm-be- 
20     rend  hindeman  si'Se  swsese  gesi^as 

nolde  ic  sweord  beran  wsepen  to  wyrme 


1  wyrsan  A, B  ;  now  only  an  and  the  bottom  of  ,9  left  ||  gecypan  AB  ; 

now  n  gone,  and  the  tops  of  p  and  a  covered  ||  syr&le  A,  symle  B ;  now  nothing 
left  but  the  bottom  of  s. 

2  ic  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  part  of  li  in  Uim  covered  ||  an"  :  correction  in  the 
same  hand. 

6  only  an  inconsiderable  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  covered. 

6  dceg  AB  ;  now  d  gone,  and  a  small  part  of  ce  covered. 

7  cempan  AB  ;  now  c  and  the  greater  part  of  e  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  e 
as  well  as  the  top  of  the  first  stroke  of  m  covered. 

8  breost  AB  (nothing  before  it)  ;  now  the  top  of  b  gone,  and  part  of  what 
is  left  of  it  covered. 

9  in  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  i  rubbed  off. 

11  hilde  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  Ji  gone. 

12  gebrcec  AB ;  now  a  small  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it 
covered. 

13  part  of  s  in  sireord  covered. 

14  %clode  A,  %elo\>e  (S  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B  ;  now  a  great 
part  of  $  gone  (but,  to  judge  from  what  is  left,  the  first  letter  was,  doubtless, 
£,  not )?). 

15  ic  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  i  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as  part 
of  c  covered. 


118  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  115  =  fol.  186r  =  11.  2519  —  2542. 
gif  ic  wiste  hu  *wfS|!Sain  aglsecean  elles  2520 


mealite.  gylpe  wi'Sgripan  swa|ic  gio 

grendle  dyde  ac  ic  'Sser  hea'Su-fyres  hates 

wene  re^es  ond  hattres  forSon  ic  me  on 
5     hafu  bord  ond  byrnan  nelle  ic  beorges 

weard  *ofer-fleon  fotes  trem  ac  unc  sceal  2525 

weor'San  set  wealle  swa  unc  wyrd  geteo'S 

metod  manna  gehwses  ic  eom  on  mode 

from.  ])cet  ic  \vr3  )?one  givS-flogan  gylp  ofer- 
10     sitte  gebidege  on  beorge  byrnum  werede 

*secgas  on  searwum  hwse'Ser  sel  msege  eeftcT  2530 

wselrsese  wunde  ge-dygan.  uncer  twega 

nis  fset  eower  sr<$  ne  ge-met  mannes  nefn[e] 

min  anes  wat  lie  wrS  aglsecean  eofo^o 
15     dsele  *eorl-scype  efne  ic  mid  elne  sceall  2535 

gold  gegangan  o'S'Se  gu^  nimeS  feorh- 

bealu  frecne  frean  eowerne.  aras|$a 

bi|ronde  rof  oretta  heard  under  helme 

hioro-sercean  bser  *  under  stan-cleofu  2540 

20     strengo  ge-truwode  anes  mannes  nelbi^ 

swylc  earges  sift  geseah.  fta  be  wealle 


1  gif  AB  ;  now  part  of  g  and  the  top  of  i  gone  ||  eV.es  A,  e lias  B ;  now  es 
gone. 

2  7t'i<5  A,  fvid  B ;  now  $  gone. 

•1C 

3  ac :  :   the  correction  in  the   same  hand    ||   hates  AB  ;    now  only   ha 
legible. 

6  sceal  AB  ;  now  only  so  legible  ;  there  is  room  enough  left  for  another 
letter  after  so,  but  I  cannot  make  out  anything  except  that  a  b  in  the  back 
page  shows  through. 

8  mode  AB ;  now  only  mod  left,  and  even  part  of  d  faded  (what  might 
seem  to  be  part  of  e  after  d  in  the  FS.  has  been  caused  by  some  paste). 

9  ofer  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  e  and  the  upper  part  of  r  gone. 

11  cefter  A,  ceft  B  ;  now  the  bottom  of/  gone. 

12  tmega  AB  ;  now  a  not  quite  distinct. 

13  nefne]  nefu  A,  nef  .  .  .  altered  with  another  ink  to  nffti",  and  that 
with  another  ink  again  to  nef  B  ;  now  only  ne.  and  the  perpendicular  stroke  of 
/  left  (e  besides  torn). 

15  the  second  I  in  sceall  torn  and  a  little  faded. 
18  helme  AB  :  now  the  last  e  gone. 


uSfe  -f  fictziites  t 

ItopJ  W,ib  ^by 


".        '  u  . 


• 

. 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  119 

p.  116  =  fol.  186*  =  11.  2542—2565. 

selSe  worna  fela  gura-cystuw  god  gu^a  ge- 

digde  hilde-hlem-ma  Jjonwe  hnitan  fe'San. 

*stodan  stan-bogan  strea??*  ut  j>onan.  brecan  2545 

of|beorge  waes  bsere  burnan  waelin  hea'So- 
5     fyru?7t  hat.  ne|mealite  horde  neah  un- 

byrnende  senige  hwile  deop  ge-dygan 

for  dracan  lege.  *let|:Sa  of|breostu?ra  ftajhe  2550 

gebolgen  wses  weder-geata  leod  word  ut 

faran  stearc-heort  styrmde  stefn  in 
10     be-com  hea^o-torht  hlynnan  under 

harne  stan  hete  wees  on-hrered  hord- 

weard  oncniow  *mannes  reorde  naes  2555 

Sser  mara  fyrst  freode  to  friclan 

from  eerest  cwom  oru/3  aglsecean  ut 
15     of|stane  hat  hilde-swat  hruse  dynede 

biorn  under  beorge  bord-rand  on-swaf 

*wi:S|:<$ani  gryre-gieste  geata  dryhten  2560 

fta  wses  hring-bogan  heorte  gefysed 

ssecce  to  seceanne  sweord  ser  gebrsed 
20     god  gu'S-cyning  gomele  lafe.  ecgum  un- 

glaw  seghwae^rum  wses  *bealo-hycgendra  2565 


1  se$e  A,  sede  (with  another  ink  ?)  B ;  now  se  and  the  upper  part  of  % 
gone,  and  the  rest  of  $  as  well  as  part  of  the  second  e  covered  ||  the  tops  of  $ 
and  a  in  gu$a  covered  ||  ge  AB  ;  now  partially  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left 
covered. 

2  digde  AB  ;  now  the  first  d  gone,  and  the  greatest  part  of  i  covered  ||  part 
of  the  second  stroke  of  n  in  fe%an  covered. 

3  stodan  AB  ;  now  s  no  longer  entire  and  almost  totally  covered. 

*  part  of  o  in  of  covered.  6  a  very  small  part  of/  in  fyrum  covered. 

6  part  of  b  in  byrnende  covered.  7  part  of  /  in  for  covered. 

8  gebolgen  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  g  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as 
well  as  a  very  small  part  of  e  covered. 

9  only  a  very  small  part  of  /  in  faran  covered  ||  the  right  half  of  the 
horizontal  stroke  of  t  in  styrmde  faded. 

11  part  of  h  in  harne  covered.         12  part  of  m  in  tveard  covered. 

13  $cer  A,  der  B  ;  now  a  small  portion  of  the  upper  part  of  $  gone. 

14  fr  in  from  torn, /almost  entirely  covered. 
16  b  in  biorn  torn  and  partially  covered. 

21  a  letter  erased  between  I  and  a  in  glarv :  that  it  was  e  is  not  quite 
certain  (glaw  A,  gleap  B). 


120  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  117  =  fol.  187r  =  11.  2565—2590. 

broga  frawi  o^rum  str3-mod  gestod  wttS 

steapne  rond  winia  bealdor  ^a|se|wyrm 

gebeah  snude  tosomne  he[on  searwum 

bad  ge-wat  ^a  byrnende  ge-bogen  scri^an 
5     *to|ge-scipe  scyndan  scyld  wel  ge-bearg  life  2570 

ond\lice  Isessan  hwile  mseruw  -feodne  fonne 

his  myne  sohte  ^aer  he  J?y  fyrste  for- 

man  dogore  wealdan  moste  svva  him 

wyrd  ne|ge-scraf  *hre:S  set|hilde  hond  up  2575 

10     abrsed.  geata  dryhten  gryre-fahne  sloh 

incgelafe  \ce,t  sio  ecg  gewac  brun  on |  bane 

bat  unswrSor.  Tponne  his  'Siod-cyning  fearfe 

hsefde  *bysigu?tt  gebseded  pajwses  beorges  2580 

weard  sefter  heaftu-swenge  on|hreoum 
15     mode  wearp  wsel-fyre  wide  sprungon 

hilde-leoman  hre'S-sigora  ne|gealp  gold- 
wine  geata  girS-bill  ge-swac  *nacod  set  niSe  2585 

swa  hyt  no  sceolde  iren  sergod  ne  waes 

\ce,t  e^e  si^.  ]>cet  se  msera  maga  ecg^eowes 
20     grand- wong  )?one  ofgyfan  wolde  sceolde 

willan  wic  eardian.  *elles  hwemen  swa  2590 


1  "broga  AB  ;  now  ~bro  and  the  top  of  a  gone  ||  the  abbreviation  for  m  in 

torn  ||  mid  AB  (  mfe  Gt  Th  K)  ;   now  only  tl»e  greatest  part  of  w  left. 

2  myrm,  A,  vyrm  altered  from  vyren  with  another  ink  B  ;  now  the  last 
stroke  of  m  gone. 

3  sea,Tivum  :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

4  scrtf&an  A,  scridan  (i  altered  to  y]  B  ;  now  n  gone. 

5  life  AB ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  lower  part  of  I. 

6  \>onne  A,  \>anne  B  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  the  second  n  and  e  gone. 

7  for  AB  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  r  gone. 

9  iip  AB  ;  now  j!?  gone. 

10  sloh  B,  floh  A  ;  now  h  gone. 

12  ]>earfe  AB ;  now  only  \>e  and  the  first  part  of  a  left. 

13  ce,  in  kcefde  altered  from  e  in  the  same  hand  ||  b  in  bysigum  on  an 
erasure  (of/?). 

14  d  in  tveard  altered  from  $  by  erasure  ||  hreoum  (altered  from  hreooum  B) 
AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  in  gone. 

17  ni%e  A,  nlde  B  ;  now  part  of  e  gone. 

19  s  in  erg^eoives  torn. 

20  mong  altered  from  vcang  ||  the  first  e  in  sceolde  torn. 


to-, 

,  trroitti 


\U>IVD  y  tma 


ro 


Ipgthnft-TMi  livitrehyn 

*$&&.  tfb  m&  vfoll  mwtn.  jrflme:.  nftwio 

Y  \^**  4 

'g&o^.£xi&  b^uon^i  ^^fr^iiolc^' 

,i  f  i i /»  1**       1  'l  V'   f 

JtrbvnfttlLa*  hi  onlt^vD^  hftwis  jr^tBatfc 


manu  titbi 


ft?  re^cMii^jfcttJiiT) 

"v>  .'•  V7''  W 


^^^llpp^^ 

ifeiiiv'^ti^iiW 


u 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  121 

p.  118  =  fol.  187T  =  11.  2590—261 1. 
sceal  seghwylc  mon.  alsetan  Isen-dagas 
uses  ^a  long  to | 'Son  Ipcet  ^a  aglsecean  hy 
eft  gemetton  hyrte  hyne  liord-weard 
hre^er  se^me  weoll  niwan  stefne  nearo 

5     'Srowode  *fyre  befongen  se^e  ser  folce  2595 

weold.  nealles  him  on  heape  heand-gesteallan 
seftelinga  beam  ymbe  gestodon  hilde- 
cystuw  ac|hy  on  holt  bugon  ealdre  bur- 

gan  hiora  in|anum  weoll  *sefa  wift  sorgum  2600 

10     sibb  sefre  ne|mseg  wiht  onwendan  baw 
^e  wel  benceS  :^  XXXVI. 

WIg-laf  wees  haten  weoxstanes  sunu  leof- 
lic  lind-wiga  leod  scylfinga.  mseg  self- 

heres  geseah  his  niondryhten  *under  2005 

15     here-griman  hat  browian.  gemunde 

'Sal'Sa  are  be|he|him  ser  for-geaf.  \vic- 

stede  weligne  wseg-mundinga  folcrihta 

gehwylc  swa  his  fseder  ahte  ne|mihte 

'Sa  forhabban  hond  rond  gefeng 
20     *geolwe  linde  gomel  swyrd  geteah  beet  2310 

wees  mid  eldum  ean-mundes  laf. 

1  sceal  AB ;  now  nothing  left  but  the  bottom  of  I,  and  that  covered  ||  ce, 
7i,  and  I  in  ceyhwylc  partially  covered  (cf.  FS.)  ||  I  in  alcetan  torn,  and  partially 
covered  ||  the  upper  part  of  I  in  Icen  covered  ||  dagas  AB  ;  now  as  and  the 
upper  part  of  g  gone,  and  part  of  d  and  almost  the  whole  of  the  first  a  covered. 

2  only  a  small  part  of  n  in  nces  covered  ||  originally  aglcegcean,  but  the 
second  g  erased  (cf.  FS.). 

4  part  of  hr  in  hre%er  covered. 

5  %rowode  (5  altered  from  d  with  another  ink  B)  AB ;  now  tSr  gone,  and 
part  of  o  covered. 

6  w  in  weold  covered  ||  the  second  half  of  the  second  a  and  the  whole  of  n 
in  gesteallan  covered. 

7  asSelinga  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink?  B)  AB  ;  now  the  first 
half  of  ce  gone,  and  part  of  the  second  covered. 

8  c  in  cystum.  covered.  9  only  a  little  of  g  in  gan  covered. 

11  part  of  %  in  <S<?  covered. 

12  Wig  AB  ;  now  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  the  big  TFand  the  right  half 
of  the  horizontal  one  gone,  and  the  left  half  of  the  latter  covered. 

13  lie  AB  ;  now  I  gone,  and  i  covered. 

14  heres  AB;  now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  second   partially 
covered.  15  part  of  7*  in  here  covered. 

16  only  a  small  part  of  %  in  the  first  %a  covered. 

18  only  a  small  part  of  g  in  gehivylc  covered. 

19  %a  AB  ;  now  part  of  $  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  it  covered. 

20  only  a  very  small  part  of  g  in  geolwe  gone. 


122  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  119  =  fol.  188r  .=  11.  2612—2633. 

suna  ohtere  ]>a,m  set  ssecce  wear^  wraecca[n] 

wine-leasu?ft  weohstanes  bana  meces  ecgwn 

ond  his  magim  setbser  *brun-fagne  helm  2615 

hringde  byrnan  eald  sweord  etonisc  Ipcet 
5     him  onela  for-geaf  his  gsedelinges  gu'S- 

gewsedu  fyrd-searo  fuslic  no  ymbe 

'Sa  fseh^e  spraec  beah^Se  he  his  broker 

beam  abredwade.  *he|frsetwe  geheokl  2620 

fela  missera  bill  o/ic7|byrnan  o^^set 
10     his  byre  mihte  eorl-scipe  efnan  swa 

his  ser-fseder  geaf  him  ^a  mid  geatu??i  gu^- 

ge-waeda  seghwses  unrim  fa|he  of 

ealdre  gewat  *frod  on  for^-weg  J?a  2625 

waes  forma  si^  geongan  cempan  fset 
15     he  gu^e-raes  mid  his  freo-dryhtne 

fremman  sceolde  ne|gemealt  lii??i|se 

mod-sefa  nejhis  msegenes  laf  gewac 

set  wige  fa|se  wyrm  on  f  and  *sy:S:San  2630 

hie  togaadre  ge-gan  hsefdon  wig-laf 
20     ma^elode  word-rihta  fela  saagde 
!  him  wses  sefa  geomor.  ic 


1  suna  AB  ;  now  s  (except  its  very  bottom)  and  the  first  stroke  of  u  and 
the  top  of  the  second  gone  ||  rvrcecca  A,  wr  .  .  .  B  ;  now  only  w  and  the  first 
stroke  of  r  left. 

2  ecgum  A,  ecgum  B  ;  now  ?/m  and  part  of  the  top  of  g  gone. 
8  gefieold  AB  ;  now  the  top  of  I  gone. 

13  \>a  AB  ;  now  the  second  half  of  a  faded. 

14  \>cet  AB  ;  now  t  and  the  greater  part  of  ce  gone. 
81  f  in  sefa  altered  from  tv. 


f 


b  « 


y 


mct^u 

briuian  Atbfytfyo 


.    -f    i-  rJ 

iii  ul      i 


*itff&;ti{  |n«  s?l& 


. 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  123 

p.  120  =  fol.  188V  =  11.  2633—2655. 

nisei  gernan  jjser  we  medu  J?egun  J?onne 

we|geheton  ussu?ft  hlaforde  *in  bior-sele  2635 

fte  us  'Sas  beagas  geaf  \cet  we  him  ^a  gu^-ge- 

tawa  gyldan  woldon  gif  him  byslicu 
5     bearf  gelurape  helmas  ond  heard  sweord 

'Se  he  usic  on  herge  ge-ceas.  to|$yssum  si'S- 

fate  sylfes  willu?ft  *on-rnimde  usic  mserSa  2640 

ond  me  bas  magmas  geaf  be  he  usic  gar- 

wigend  gode  tealde  hwate  helm-berend 
10     beah'Se  hlaford  us  bis  ellen-weorc  ana 

a^ohte  to|gefremmanne  folces  hyrde 

*forEa7i  he  manna  maest  maerSa  ge-fre-  2645 

mede  daeda  dollicra  nu|is|se  daeg  cumeu  \wt  ure 

man-dryhten  msegenes  be-hofa^  godra 
15     girS-rinca  wutun  gongan  to  helpan 

hild-fruman  Jjenden  hyt  sy  *gled-egesa  2650 

grim  god  wat  on  mec  Ipcet  me  is  micle 

leofre  \ce,t  minne  lic-haman  mid  minne 

gold-gyfan  gled  fae^mie  nelfynce^  me 
20     ge-rysne  }>cet  we  rondas  beren  eft  to  earde 

nemne  we  jeror  maagen  *fane  gefyllan.  2655 

1  mcel  A,  .  .  . .  B  ;  now  gone  ||  geman  AB  ;  now  there  is  no  telling  whether 
the  g,  part  of  which  is  covered,  is  still  entirely  preserved  ||  certainly  begun,  not 
\>egon  ||  \>onne  AB  ;  now  only  \>on  left,  and  that  partially  covered. 

2  we  geheton]  wegeton  A,  vigheton  B  ;  now  we  and  a  small  part  of  g  gone, 
and  part  of  g  covered. 

3  %>e  AB  ;  now  $  gone,  and  part  of  e  covered. 

6  part  of  \>  in  \>earf  covered. 

7  fate  AB  ;  now  a  small  part  of/  gone,  and  besides  a  little  of  it  covered. 

8  only  a  small  part  of  the  abbreviation  for  ond  covered. 

11  only  a  small  part  of  a  in  aSohte  covered. 

12  the  greatest  part  of/injforfcrtu  covered. 

13  mede  AB  ;  now  there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  the  first  stroke  of  m  is 
still  entire  under  the  paper  ||  dceg  (with  a  dot  after  it)  added  over  the  line  in 
which  by  a  colon  with  a  comma  under  it  the  place  is  indicated  where  it  is  to 
be  inserted. 

14  man  AB  ;  now  the  first  stroke  of  m  gone. 

15  gongan,  not  gang  an. 

18  leo  in  leofre  not  quite  distinct,  but  certain. 

e,  uotfceZmie  (but  cf.  note  to  fol.  173T  1.  4). 


124  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  121  =  fol.  197r  =  11.  2655—2681. 

feorh  ealgian  wedra  'Seodnes  ic  wat  geare 

]>cet  nseron  eald  ge-wyrht  \cet  he  ana  scyle  geata 

dugivSe  gnorn  browian  gesigan  set  ssecce 

uruwi  sceal  sweord  ond  helm  *byrne  ond  byrdu-scrud  baw  2660 
5     gemsene.  wod  ba  burn  bone  wselrec  wig-hea- 

folan  bser  frean  on  fultu??z  fea  worda  cwse'S 

leofa  bio-wulf  Isest  eall  tela  swa^u  on  geo- 

gu<S-feore  geara  gecwsede  *)xzt  ^u  ne  alsete  2665 

be|S5e  lifigendu??i.  dom  ge-dreosan  scealt  nu 
10     dseduw  rof  sealing  an-hydig  ealle  msegene 

feorh  ealgian  ic|c>e  fullsestu.  sefter  'Sam 

worduw  wyrm  yrre  cwom  *atol  inwit-gsest  2670 

o'Sre  srSe  fyr-wylmura  fah  fionda  nios[i]an 

la^ra  manna  lig-y'Suw  for-born  bord  wr3 
15     rond  byrne.  ne|meahte  geongim  gar-wigan 

geoce  ge-fremman  *ac|se  maga  geonga  under  2675 

his  mseges  scyld  elne  ge-eode  ba  his  agen  w[ses] 

gledura  for-grunden  ba  gen  gu^-cyning  mfser^a] 

gemunde  msegen-strengo  sloh  hilde-bille  \cet 
20     hyt  on  heafolan  stod  *nipe  genyded  naegling  2680 

for-bserst  geswac  set  ssecce  sweord  biowulfes 

The  old  number  of  this  leaf  is  197,  but  now  it  stands  between  188  and 
189,  and  the  old  number  has  been  changed  to  189  in  pencil  (cf.  FS.). 

1  feorh  AB  ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  /  and  the  top  of  h  gone  ||  %eodnes 
certainly,  not  %iodnes  j|  t  in  wat  torn  j|  geare  A,  gear  B  ;  now  r  torn,  and  e  gone. 

2  geata  B,  geaca  A  ;  now  only  g  and  part  of  e  left. 

4  sceal  within  dots  and  with  a  %  (which,  however,  is  almost  entirely  gone) 
before  it  added  in  the  left  margin,  whereas  a  <S  over  a  colon  witli  a  comma 
under  it  marks  the  place  in  the  line  where  it  is  to  be  inserted  ||  scritd  bam 
(bam  B)  AB  ;  now  part  of  d  and  the  whole  of  barn  gone. 

5  originally  wcelrcee,  but  the  second  ce  by  erasure  altered  to  e,  and  a  stroke 
added  to  the  preceding  r  in  order  to  connect  it  with  the  e  (cf.  the  FS.)  ||  Tiea 
AB;  now  only  quite  uncertain  traces  of  h  left,  and  ea  entirely  gone  (ce  of 
soecce  in  the  back  page  shows  through  the  parchment). 

6  cwce%  A,  cvced  B  ;  now  entirely  gone  (I  suppose  Prof.  Kolbing  who  thinks 
that  c  is  still  left  has  suffered  himself  to  be  misled  by  i  of  wiJite  in  the  back 
page  showing  through).         7  geo  AB  ;  now  part  of  g  and  the  whole  of  eo  gone. 

8  alcste  AB  ;  now  e  not  quite  distinct.  9  I  in  scealt  torn. 

12  gcast  AB  ;  now  only  g  and  the  first  half  of  ce  left.  13  I  in  wylmnm 

altered  from  r  ||  nwsnan  (nan  underdotted)  B,  mosiim  A  ;  now  only  nio  left. 

14  rd  in  bord  torn  ||  wi%  (altered  from  vid  with  another  ink  B)  AB  ;  now 
IS  entirely  gone,  and  only  the  lower  part  of  w  and  the  bottom  of  i  left  (one 
must  beware  here  of  being  misled  by  the  back  page). 

16  under  with  a  different  ink  B.  und  A  ;  now  only  tin  and  part  of  d  left. 

17  agen  WCBS~]  age  and  a  blank  A,  agen  B  ;  agen  is  quite  distinct  in  the  MS. 
and  after  it  the  top  of  a  letter  is  left  which,  although  it  might  have  been  /,  r, 
or  s  equally  well,  in  all  likelihood  was  w.  18  mcerfta']   a  blank  A,  .  .  .  B; 
now  only  m  left  (m  is  entire  although  not  quite  distinct). 

19  d  in  hllde  torn  ||  Ulle  \>cet  B,  bill  .  .  .  .  $  with  a  different  ink  A;  now 
\>cet  gone.  20  ncegling  (with  a  different  ink  A)  AB  ;  now  the  second 

stroke  of  the  second  n  and  the  last  g  gone. 


&k&  OT&Otlfc' 


rjum 
banu  lt 


'  ^i    0llth  c 


BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  125 

p.  122  =  fol.  197V  =  11.  2682—2705. 

gomol  ond  graeg-mael  him  ]>cet  gife^e  lie  wses  fycet 

him  irenna  ecge  mihton  helpan  eet  hilde 

wses  sio  bond  to|strong  *se:Se  meca  ge-liwane  2G85 

mine  ge-fraege  swenge  ofer-sohte  bonrae  he|to 
5     saecce  baer  wsepen  wundu?7i  heard  nses  him 

wihte  fte  sel.  ba|waes  beod-scea'Sa  briddan 

sr5e  frecne  f  jr-draca  faeh'Sa  gemyndig 

*raesde  on|Sone  rofan  fa | him  rim  ageald  2G90 

hat  ond  heafto-grim.  heals  ealne  ymbe-feng 
10     biteran  banum  he|ge-blodegod  wearS  sawul- 

driore  swat  y^um  weoll.  XXXVII. 

T\A  ic  set  bearfe  beod-cyninges  *andlongne  2G95 

^  eorl  ellen  cyftan.  craeft  ond  cen^u  swa  him 

gecynde  waes  nejhedde  he  baes  heafolaii  ac 
15     sio  hand  gebarn  modiges  mannes  baer|he 

his  msegenes  healp  \cet  he  ]?one  ni^-gaest  nio^or 

hwene  sloh.  *secg  on  searwum  Ipcet  ^aet  sweord  ge-  2700 

deaf  fab  ond  fseted  ]>cet  ftset  fyr  on-gon  swe^riari 

sy^an  ]?a|gen  sylf  cyning.  ge-weold  his 
20     gewitte  waell-seaxe  gebraed  biter  ond  beadu- 

scearp  Ipcet  he  on  byrnan  waeg  *for-wrat  wedra  2705 

1  gomol  AB ;  now  g  and  I  no  longer  entire,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  g 
covered  ;  the  first  o  shrunk  together  ||  him — woes  partially  covered  (cf.  Fh>.) 
||  -p  A,  \>cet  B ;  now  only  the  bottom  of  the  abbreviation  left. 

2  part  of  h  in  him.  covered.  3  w  in  wees  entirely  covered. 

*  mine  AB  ;  now  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  gone,  and  the  third  and  almost 
the  whole  of  i  covered. 

5  scecce  AB ;  now  s  gone,  and  CB,  as  well  as  part  of  the  first  G  covered. 

6  wihte  AB  ;  now  w  gone,  and  i  and  the  upper  part  of  h,  covered. 

7  si%e  altered  from  side  with  another  ink  B,  side  A  ;  now  part  of  s  gone, 
and  all  that  is  left  of  it  as  well  as  part  of  i  covered. 

8  r  and  part  of  ce  in  rcesde  covered. 

9  the  top  of  h  in  hat  covered.  u  part  of  d  in  driore  covered. 

12  DA  A,  Da  B ;  now  part  of  the  big  %  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of 
it  covered  ||  only  very  little  of  the  e  in  andlongne  covered. 

14  gecynde  AB  ;  now  part  of  gee  gone,  and  part  of  what  is  left  of  ge  covered 

17  only  very  little  of  h  in  hwene  covered. 

18  deaf  AB  ;  now  only  little  of  d  gone,  but  all  that  is  left  of  it  covered. 

19  very  little  of  s  in  syttan  covered  ||  another  his  erased  after  his. 

20  the  second  e  in  gewitte  torn.         21  a  small  part  of  p  in  scearp  covered. 


126  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  123  =  fol.  189r  =  11.  2705—2731. 

helm  wyrm  on  middan  feond  gefyldan 

ferh  ellen  wraec  ond  hi  hyne  pa  begen  abro- 

ten  hsefdon  sib-%3elmgas  swylc  sceolde 

secg  wesan.  fegn  set  ^Searfe  \>cet  'Sara  peodne 
5     waes  *sft>as  sige-hwile  sylfes  dsedum  worlde  2710 

ge-weorces.  'Sa  sio  wund  ongon  pejhim  se  eor<S- 

draca  eer|geworhte  swelan  owcZ|swellan  he 

])cet  sona  onfand  \ce,t  him  on  breostura  bealo-ni^ 

weoll  *attor  on  innan  'Sa  se  sealing  giong  2715 

10     fycet  he  bi  wealle  wis-hycgende  gesset  on  sesse 

seah  on  enta  geweorc  hu|fta  stan-bogan 

stapulura  fseste  ece  eorS-reced  innan  healde 

*hyne  pa|mid  handa  heoro-dreorigne  peo-  2720 

den  mserne  pegn  ungemete  till  wine-dryhte?z 
15     his  wsetere  gelafede  hilde-ssedne  ond  his  hel[m] 

onspeon.  bio-wulf  mapelode  he  ofer  benne 

sprsec  *wunde  wsel-bleate  wisse  he  gearwe  2725 

J>aet  he|dseg-hwila  ge-drogen  heefde  eorSan  wynn[e] 

Sal  wses  eall  sceacen  dogor-gerimes  dea%  unge- 
20     mete  neah  nu  ic  suna  minum  syllan  wolde 

*girS-gewsedu  paar  me  gife^e  swa  senig  yrfe-  2730 

1  helm  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  k  and  of  I  gone  ||.£  in  middan  torn. 

*  n  in  \eodne  torn. 

6  worlde  AB  ;  now  only  wo  and  the  first  stroke  of  of  r  left. 

6  enr^S  A.  eord  B  ;  now  only  the  greatest  part  of  e  and  a  small  piece  of  o  left. 

7  swellan  he  AB  ;  now  n  and  he  gone. 

8  bealom%  A,  bealo  ni%i  ($  altered  from  d  with  another  ink)  B ;  now  only 
leal  left. 

9  giong  AB  ;  now  the  last  g  and  part  of  the  preceding  n  gone. 

10  w  in  wis  altered  from  s. 

12  Jiealde  A,  heald  B  ;  now  part  of  d  and  the  whole  of  the  last  e  gone. 

13  rigne  in  dreorigne  torn  ||  \>eo  AB  ;   now  only  part  of  the  perpendicular 
stroke  of  \>  left,  and  that  torn. 

14  there  is  a  sort  of  angle  above  the  t  of  till,  the  meaning  of  which  I  do 
not  know :  the  same  sign  occurs  fol.  189V,  1.  6,  above  the  n  in  un,  and  192V,  1.  9, 
above  the  w  in  up  ||  Aryhtvo.  A,  drylit  B  ;  now  only  dr  and  the  greatest  part  of 
y  left. 

15  helo  A,  Jieb  B  ;  now  only  Ti  and  almost  the  whole  of  e  left. 

16  benne  AB  ;  now  only  the  greater  part  of  b  and  a  very  small  piece  of  e  left. 

17  gearwe  AB  ;  now  a  small  part  of  the  last  e  gone  (the  last  five  lines  of 
this  page  do  not  end  so  soon  in  the  MS.  as  they  do  in  the  FS.). 

18  wynne']   wym  A,  wyni  B  ;    now  still  wyn  and  the  first  stroke  of  the 
second  n  left  (wynn  Gt,  wyn\_ne'}  K). 

19  originally  yerime,  s  added  afterwards,  perhaps  in  a  different  hand. 


it  ti&f 


oti^ 


ott 


serin  a 


. 

y 


imbjv<fc|ru 
onintiaii 


\iufra-&m 


,^?T2 


yttvquv  ndftfr  yole  cf  ni  rt£ 


u  mai^a 
tui^it 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  127 

p.  124  =  fol.  189r  =  11.  2731—2757. 

weard  sefter  wrirde  lice  gelenge  ic  ^as  leode 

heold.  fiftig  wintra  nsesjse  folc-cyning 

ymbe-sittendra  aenig  'Sara  *J>e|mec  guft-winu??i  2735 

gretan  dorste  egesan  ^eon  ic  on  earde  bad 
5     msel-ge-sceafta  heold  min  tela  ne  sohte 

searo-ni^as  ne|me  swor  fela  a^a  on  un- 

riht  icj^ses  ealles  mseg  *feorh-bennu?7i  seoc  ge-  2740 

fean  habban  forSa^  me  witan  nej'Searf 

waldend  fira  mor^or-bealo  maga  bonne 
10     min  sceaceft  lif  of  lice  ira|^5u  lungre  geong 

hord  sceawian  under  harne  stan.  *wig-laf  2745 

leofa  nu  se  wyrm  lige'S  swefeS  sare  wund 

since  bereafod  bio  nu  on  ofoste  ^cet  ic  ser-welan 

gold-seht  ongite  gearo  sceawige  swegle  searo- 
15     gimmas  ]>cet  ic|fty  seft  maege  *£efter  ma$$um-welan  2750 

min  alaeta-n  lif  ond  leod-scipe  bone  ic  longe  heold  : — • 

~  I A  ic  snude  gefrsegn  sunu  wih-      XXXVIII. 
stanes  sefter  word-cwydu??z  wundum  dryhtne. 

hyran  hea/So-siociwi  hring-net  beran  *brogdne  2755 

20     beadu-sercean  urder  beorges  hrof.  geseah^a 

sige-hre^ig  ba|he  bi|sesse  geong.  mago-J>egn 

It  is  not  the  fault  of  the  MS.  that  some  letters  or  parts  of  letters  in  fol. 
189T  and  190r  look  so  pale  in  the  FS. 

1  meard  AB  ;  now  a  small  part  of  TV  gone,  and  the  rest  of  it  as  well  as  e 
and  part  of  a  covered  ||  the  tops  of  the  Is  in  lice  and  gelenge  covered  ||  part 
of  %  and  the  top  of  s  in  %as  covered  ||  leode  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  the 
word  gone. 

2  heold  AB;    now  the  upper  part  of  lie  gone,  and  the  lower  covered, 
o  rubbed. 

3  ymbe  AB  ;  now  y  and  the  first  stroke  of  m  and  the  lower  part  of  the 
second  covered  (there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  y  is  entirely  preserved). 

4  gretan  AB  ;  now  g  and  the  bottom  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  and  part  of  e 
gone,  and  what  is  left  of  re  covered. 

5  mail  AB  ;  now  nothing  left  (or,  at  any  rate,  legible)  but  I,  and  that  torn. 

6  searo  AB  ;  now  only  the  second  half  of  a  and  ro  legible  (se  and  the  rest 
of  a  may  be  preserved,  too,  but  I  cannot  make  out  anything  under  the  paper) 
||  for  un  cf.  note  on  189',  1.  14. 

7  rlht  AB  ;  now  ri  gone,  and  part  of  h  covered. 

8  fean  AB  ;  now/<?  and  the  first  half  of  a  gone,  the  rest  of  a  covered. 

9  w  in  waldend  all  but  entirely  covered. 

12  the  bottom  of  le  in  leofa  covered. 

13  since  AB ;   now  sin  gone,  and  ce  torn  and  partially  covered  ||  "be  in 
bereafod  torn. 

14  a  small  part  of  g  in  gold  covered. 

15  gimmas  AB  ;  now  the  bottom  of  g  gone. 

16  min  AB  ;  now  mi  gone  ||  a  stroke  over  the  n  in  \>one  erased. 

17  the  big  D  (AB)  nearly  entire,  but  partially  covered. 

20  the  first  e  in  sercean  altered  from  ce  i|  urder  MS.,  not  under  (cf.  FS.). 


123  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  125  =  fol.  190r=  11.  2757—2782. 

modig  maft$u??i-sigla  fealo  gold  glitinian 

grunde  ge-tenge  wundur  on  wealle  ond 

Jjses  wyrmes  denn  *ealdes  uht-flogan  2760 

orcas  stondan  fyrn-manna  fatu  feor- 
5     inend-lease  hyrstura  bebrorene  bser  waes 

helm  monig  eald  ond  omig  earm-beaga  fela 

searwum  gesseled  sine  ea'Se  maeg  *gold  on|grund[e]  2765 

gum-cynnes  gehwone  ofer-liigian  hyde  se^e 

wylle  swylce  he|siomian  geseah  segn  eall- 
10     gylden  heah  ofer  horde  hond-wundra 

maest  gelocen  leo^o-crseftu??^  of|Sa?tt  leoman 

sl6d  *]pcet  he  bone  grund-wong  ongitan  meahte  2770 

wraece  giond-wlitan  naes  ^aes  wyrmes  baer 

onsyn  senig  ac|hyne  ecg  for-na??^  ^a  ic  on 
15     hlaewe  gefrsegn  hord  reafian  eald  enta 

geweorc  anne  mannan  *him  on  bearm  hlodon  2775 

bunan  ond  discas  sylfes  dome  segn  eac  genom 

beacna  beorhtost  bill  serge-scod  ecg  waes  iren 

eald  hlafordes  ba??i  'Sara  ma^ma  mund-bora 
20     waes  *longe  hwile  lig-egesan  wseg  hatne  for  2780 

horde  hioro-weallende  middel-nihtum 

I  modig  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  d  gone  ||  the  g  in  slgla  torn  ||  glitinian 
MS.,  not  glitinian. 

6  the  abbreviation  for  ond  seems  altered  from  some  letter  or  from  the 
beginning  of  some  letter. 

7  grund  AB  ;  now  only  gr  and  the  first  stroke  of  u  left. 

II  leoman  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  n  no  longer  entire. 

12  rvong  MS.,  I  cannot  account  for  the  form  of  the  g  in  the  FS.  ||  meahte 
AB ;  now  only  mea  and  the  first  stroke  of  k  left,  and  even  that  torn. 

13  fycer  AB  ;  now  on\y  J?,  which,  however,  is  torn,  and  a  small  part  of  ce  left. 

14  on  AB  ;  now  only  the  very  beginning  of  o  left. 

15  enta  AB ;  now  the  second  half  of  a  gone. 

16  hlodon  B.  holdon  A  ;   now  on  and  a  small  part  of  d  gone  ;  the  vowel 
after  I  is  o,  not  a.  17  genom  AB  ;  now  -m  gone. 

18  the  second  I  in  bill  is  a  later  insertion  ||  iren  left  (the  FS.  does  not  do 
justice  to  the  ends  of  the  last  lines  of  this  page).         19  bora  preserved  in  MS. 
21  horde']  originally  hogode,  but  g  erased  and  the  second  o  altered  to  r. 


•  i  . 


I 


pit.  iMlp  xm  yi 

<ltb£*  uUr  u 

' 
j'vjtil  mmnut 


?  . 


<  •  , 


mtr         H^ttl^  a  v  MI  l»ai^a  HP 

"»"V  ^o 

lujtaiv  li^ 
',  1  1  «?  .  ^  -  ,  I  ,  -  \  ,«        =  ,  tut  ^  j  tUlf  vii 


i          i"<l»T«  *t& 
iHV        '\^rrun 


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i  i 
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' 


unitu 


u  ltdili  Itlitutwi 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  129 

p.  126  =  fol.  190V  =  11.  2782—2808. 

oft  Ipcet  he  morftre  swealt  ar  wses  on  ofoste 

eft-siftes  georn  frsetwum  gefyrftred  hyne 

fyrwet  braec  *hwsefter  collen-ferft  cwicne  2785 

gemette  in|ftaw  vvong-stede  wedra  beoden 
5     ellen-siocne  bser  he  hine  ser  for-let.  he|fta 

mid  bam  maft-mww  maerne  bioden  dryhten 

sinne  driorigne  fand  *ealdres  set  ende  2790 

he  hine  eft  ongon  wseteres  weorpan  oft  ]>cet 

wordes  ord  breost-hord  burh-brsec.  gomel 
10     on  giogofte  gold  sceawode.     Ic|ftara  frsetwa 

frean  ealles  ftanc  * wuldur-cyninge  worduw  2795 

secge.  ecuw  di'yhtne  be  ic|her  on  starie  bsesfte 

ic  moste  minim  leodurra  ser  swylt-dsege  swylc  ge- 

strynan  nu|ic  on  maftma  hord  minne|be- 
15     bohte  *frode  feorh-lege  frem-maft  gena  2800 

leoda  bearfe  ne|mseg  ic  her  leng  wesan.  hataft 

heafto-msere  hlsew  gewyrcean.  beorhtne 

sefter  baele  eet  brimes  nosan.  se|scel  to|ge- 

myndum  minuwi  leodum  *heah  hlifian  on  hro-  2805 

20     nes  nsesse  ]>cet  hit  sseliftend  syftftan  hatan 

biowulfes  biorh|ftafte  brentingas  ofer 

I  ofoste  AB  ;  now  of  partially  gone,  and  a  very  small  portion  of  s  covered. 
*  the  second  t  in  gemette  seems  to  be  altered  from  e. 

6  mid  AB ;  now  there  is  no  ascertaining  how  much  more  of  m  is  preserved 
than  the  upper  part  of  its  last  stroke,  the  paper  employed  here  by  the  binder 
being  too  thick  for  us  to  make  out  anything  under  it. 

7  s  and  the  upper  part  of  i  in  sinne  covered. 

9  wordes  AB  ;  now  the  lower  part  of  w  gone. 

10  tv  in  sceaivode  altered  from  p. 

II  /  and  the  bottom  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  in  frean  covered. 

12  secge  (with  a  stroke  over  ge  instead  of  over  the  u  of  the  next  word  B) 
AB  ;   now  sec  and  the  lower  part  of  g  gone. 

13  ic  AB  ;  now  gone  ||  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  moste  as  well  as  the  top  and 
the  bottom  of  the  second  and  the  bottom  of  the  third  covered. 

14  strynan  AB  ;   now  st  and  the  first  stroke  of  r  gone,  and  the  second 
covered. 

15  bohte  AB  ;   now  bo  gone,  and  the  upper  half  of  the  first  stroke  of  h 
partially  gone  and  partially  covered. 

16  leoda  AB  :  now  the  lower  part  of  le  gone,  and  all  that  is  left  of  I,  and 
nearly  all  that  is  left  of  e  covered. 

17  hea%o  ($  altered  from  d  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB  ;  now  h  gone,  and  e 
and  part  of  a  covered.  18  only  very  little  of  ce  in  after  covered. 

20  part  of  ne  in  nes  covered.         21  a  small  part  of  &  in  biowulfes  covered. 
BEOWULF,  K 


130  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  127  =  fol.  191r  =  11.  2808—2832. 

floda  genipu  feorran  drifa'S  dyde  him 

of  healse  bring  gyldenne  *J?ioden  frist-  2810 

hydig  fegne  ge-sealde  geonguwz  garwigan 

gold-fahne  helm  beah  ond  byrnan  bet|hyne 
5     brucan  well.  j?u  eart  endelaf  usses 

cynnes  wseg-mundinga  ealle  wyrd|for- 

speof  *mine  magas  to  metod-sceafte  2815 

eorlas  on  elne  ic|hiw  aefter  sceal 

\mt  wses  J>am  gomelan  gin-gaeste  word. 
10     breost-gehygdum  ser  he  bsel  cure  hate 

heafto-wylmas  him  of  hwse^re  gewat  *sa-  2820 

wol  secean  so^-fsestra  dom. 

T\a  waes  ge-gongen  gumuw  unfrodura  ear- 
fo^-lice  fycet  he  on  eorSan  geseah  J>one 
15     leofestan  lifes  set  ende  bleate  gebseran 

bona  swylce  laeg  *egeslic  eorS-draca  ealdre  2825 

bereafod  bealwe  gebaeded  beah-hordum  leng 

wyrm  woh-bogen  wealdan  ne|moste  ac  him 

irenna  ecga  for-namon  hearde  hea^o-scear- 
20     de  homera  lafe  *}>oet  se  wid-floga  wunduwi  stille  2830 

hreas  on  hrusan  hord-serne  neah  nalles 

I  floda  "B,folda  A  ;  now  the  perpendicular  stroke  of /gone  \\feo  separated 
from  rran  by  a  tear  |j  %  in  drifa%  still  entire,  although  part  of  its  horizontal 
stroke  is  very  faint  j|  li  separated  from  im  by  a  tear. 

7  a  hole  in  the  parchment  after  speof  (of.  FS.). 

8  I  in  sceal  torn. 

10  this  line  begins  a  little  more  to  the  right  than  usual  as  there  was  not 
room  enough  for  the  b  under  the  \>  ||  gehygdum  MS.,  not  gehyg%itm. 

II  the  dot  under  the  second  stroke  of  r  in  hn'ceZre  seems  to  be  accidental 
||  what  in  the  FS.  looks  like  an  accent  over  a  in  gemat  is  owing  to  a  small  hole 
in  the  parchment. 

12  no  number  in  MS.  (but  XXXXVIII  AB,  with  a  different  ink  ?  B). 

14  \>one  AB ;  now  an  inconsiderable  part  of  e  gone  in  consequence  of  a  hole. 

16  a  worm-hole  after  enr%  ||  ealdre  AB  ;   now  the  last  e  gone,  and  the 
bottom  of  the  first  stroke  of  r  almost  entirely  faded. 

17  leng  AB  ;  now  the  tops  of  the  second  stroke  of  n  and  of  g  gone. 

19  this  line  begins  unnecessarily  a  little  further  to  the  left  than  usual. 


larau  tint 


^Il^tll^ 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  131 

p.  128  =  fol.  191'  =  11.  2832—2858. 

sefter  lyfte  lacende.  hwearf  middel-nihtum 

ma^m-selita  wlonc  ansyn  y\vde  ac  he  eorSan 

gefeoll  *for|:3ses  hild-fruman  hond-geweorce  2835 

huru  ]>cet  on|lande  lyt  manna  'Sah  moegen- 
5     agendra  mine  ge-fraege  Jjeah'Se  he  dseda  ge- 

hwses  dyrstig  wsere  \o&t  he  wr5  attor-scea^San 

ore^Se  gersesde  *o:S:Se  hring-sele  2840 

honduw  styrede  gif|he  wseccende 

weard  on-funde  buon  on  beorge  bio-wulfe 
10     wear^S  dryht-ma^ma  dael  dea^e  forgolden 

hsefde  seg-hwse'Sre  ende  ge-fered  *lsenan  lifes  2845 

nses  fta  lang  to|^Son  \cet  ^a  hild-latan  holt  of- 

gefan  tydre  treow-logan  tyne  set-somne 

Salne  dorston  ser  dare^um  lacan  on  hyra 
15     man-dryhtnes  miclan  Jjearfe  *ac|hy  scami-  2850 

ende  scyldas  bseran  gu^-gewsedu  )jser  se|go- 

mela  Iseg  wlitan  on  wilaf  he|ge-wergad  sset 

fe^e-cempa  frean  eaxlum  neah  wehte  hyne 

wsetre  him  wiht  ne  speop  *ne|meahte  he  on  eorSan  2855 

20     'Seah  he  ufte  wel  on|^a?7i  frum-gare  feorh  ge-healdan 
wealdendes  wiht  oncirran  wolde  dom 


1  hwearf  B,  hfearf  A.  ;  now  h  torn,  and  the  upper  part  of  the  first 
stroke  of  it  gone  ||  nihtum  A,  nihtum  B  ;  now  turn  gone,  and  part  of  h 
covered. 

2  eor%an~]  a  small  part  of  $  and  the  last  stroke  of  n  covered. 

7>8  blanks  at  the  end  of  these  lines  on  account  of  the  hole  (cf  .  note  to 
1.  11  of  the  front  page). 

11  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  h  in  hcefde  covered. 

12  nces  B,  vices  A  ;  now  a  very  small  part  of  ce  gone. 

13  gefan\  the  greatest  part  of  g  and  the  bottom  of/  covered. 

14  fca]  part  of  $  covered. 

15  the  greatest  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  m  in  man  covered. 

16  part  of  en  in  ende  covered. 

17  mela  AB  ;  now  part  of  m  covered,  and  the  top  of  its  first  stroke 
gone. 

20  the  second  stroke  of  n  in  gehealdan  covered. 

K    2 


132  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  129  =  fol.  192r  ==  11.  2858—2883. 

godes  dsedum  rsedan  gmnena  gehwylcura  swa 

lie  nu  gen  de^  *}>a|wses  set|c>aw  geongura  grim  andsw&iM    28GO 

e'S-begete  parade  ser  his  elne  for-leas.  wiglaf 

ma^elode  weolistanes  sunu  seclsarigferS 
5     seah  on  unleofe  ]>cet  Ia|m8eg  secgan  se'Se  wyle 

scxS  specan  *]pcet  se  mon-dryliten  se  eow^a  2865 

magmas  geaf  eored-geatwe  f  e|ge  J?aer  on 

standa'S.  Jjonwe  he  on  ealu-bence  oft  gesealde 

heal-sittendu??z  helm  ond  byrnan  peoden  his 
10     fegnu??i  swylce  he  frydlicost  *ower  feor  2870 

oS^e  neah  nndan  meahte  f  cet  he  genunga 

gu^-gewsedu  wra^e  for-wurpe.  ^a  hyne 

•wig  beget  nealles  folc-cyning  fyrd-gesteallu??i 

gylpan  forfte  hwse^re  him  god  u^e  *sigora  2875 

15     waldend  ])cet  he  hyne  sylfne  gewrsec  ana  mid 

ecge  fa|hi??i  wses  elnes  fearf.    Ic  hi?ft  lif-wra^e  lytle 

meahte  set-gifan  set  gu^e  ond  ongan  swa  feah 

ofer  min  ge-met  mseges  helpan.     *Symle  wees  2880 

J>y  ssemra  \o\\ne  ic  sweorde  drep  ferh^-geni^- 
20     Ian  fyr|un-swi^or  weoll  of|ge-witte  fergen- 

dra  to  lyt  frong  ymbe  feoden  fa|hyne  sio 

1  godes  AB  ;  now  go  all  but  entirely  gone  ||  gumena]  g  torn  ||  geliwylcum 
(-cum  B)  swa  AB ;  now  a  and  part  of  I  (which  is  separated  from  y  by  a 
tear)  gone. 

2  ~jswaru  A,  andswaru  B ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  u  gone. 

13  gesteallum  (-um  B)  AB ;  now  only  geste  and  the  beginning  of  a 
left. 

14  sigora  AB  ;  now  a  gone  and  s  torn. 

16  the  dot  under  c  in  ecge  seems  accidental  ||  e  in  lytle  torn. 

20  fyruii]  u  altered  from  a.  21  hyne,  not  hym  (cf.  the  FS.). 


w 


* 


4 


oi 


mftilrn? 


^l^tt&tfjp 

*  cwiit^. ;:  PWP » & 


J«0^a^njStt| 


^4J}^^UTO^|^^^^^^« 


yvnuo  c 

H 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  133 

p.  130  =  fol.  192T  =  11.  2883—2909. 

)>rag  becwom.  hu  sceal  sinc-J>ego  ond  swyrdgifu 

*eall  eftel-wyn  eowrura  cynne.  lufena  licgeau  2885 

lond-rihtes  mot  ]?8ere|m8eg-burge  monna 

seghwylc  idel  hweorfan  sy^^an  se^elingas 

feorran  ge-fricgean  fleam  eowerne  *do??z-  2890 

leasan  deed  dea'S  br<5  sella  eorla  gehwylcuw 
edwit-lif.  XL : — 

"eht  ^a  Ipcet  hea^o-weorc  to  hagan  biodan 

up  ofer  ecg-clif  ]?8er  tycet  eorl-weorod  nior- 
10       j    1    gen-longne  dseg  mod-giomor  sset  *bord-  2895 

haebbende  bega  on  wenura  ende-dogores 

ond  eft-cymes  leofes.  monnes  lyt  swigode 

niwra  spella  se^e  naes  gerad  ac  he  so'S- 

lice  ssegde  ofer  ealle  *nu  is  wil-geofa  wedra  2900 

15     leoda  dryhten  geata  dea^-bedde  fsest  wu- 

na:3  wael-reste  wyrmes  dsedwtt  him 

on  efn  ligeS  ealdor-gewinna  siex  bennuw 

seoc  sweorde  ne|meahte  *on|^$a?ra  aglseceau  2905 

senige  Jringa  wunde  gewyrcean  wiglaf  siteft 
20     ofer  bio-wulfe  byre  wih-stanes  eorl  ofer 

o'Srura  un-lifigendura  healde^  hige-mse^um 

1  \>rag  AB  ;  now  the  greater  part  of  \>  gone,  and  what  is  left  of  it  as 
well  as  a  small  part  of  r  covered  ||  becwom  AB  ;  now  the  right  portion  of 
the  lower  part  of  6  gone,  and  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  it  as 
well  as  the  whole  of  e  and  part  of  c  and  the  top  of  w  covered ;   b  is, 
besides,  separated  from  e  by  a  tear  ||  sceal  AB ;   now  part  of  s,  e  and  a 
covered,  and  a  besides  torn  ||  the  tops  of  s  and  of  \>  in  sinc-fyego  covered 
||  swyrdgifu  AB  ;  now  gifu  gone,  and  r  and  d  partially  covered. 

2  e  in  call  all  but  entirely  covered  j|  eowrum  cynne  with  a  dot  after  it  over 
an  erasure  in  the  same  hand  (to  judge  from  the  traces,  eowrum  cynne  was 
written  in  the  line,  too,  but  erased  on  account  of  being  even  more  indis 
tinct  than  \>cere,  hweorfan,  fricgean.  dea%  bi%  in  the  following  lines :  cf.  FS.). 

6  dad]  originally  dcel,  but  I  deleted  by  dots,  and  d  added  in  the  same 
hand. 

7  ef'wit :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand  ||  originally  XLI,  but  I 
erased.  8  part  of  the  big  H  covered. 

9  an  angle  over  up,  cf.  note  to  fol.  189r  1.  14. 
11  a  small  part  of  s  in  dogores  covered. 

13  niwra]  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  n  and  the  bottom  of  w  covered. 

14  lice']  part  of  li  covered,  I  besides  torn. 

15  leoda]  a  very  small  part  of  I  covered. 

16  between  wad  and  reste  about  five  letters  (to  judge  from  the  traces 
left,  bennum)  erased  ||  reste']  r  altered  from  some  other  letter. 

18  aglcecean]  c  altered  from  g.  ^  ofer]  the  bottom  of/  covered. 

21  o%rum]  a  small  part  of  <5  covered. 


134  BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  131  =  fol.  193r  =  11.  2909—2937. 

heafod-wearde  *leofes  ond  la^es  nu  ys|leoduwi  2910 

wen.  orleg-hwile  sy'S'San  under  froneum 

ond  frysuw  fyll  cyninges  wide  weorSe^S  \vres |^io 

wroht  scepen  heard  wift  hugas  sy^^an 
5     hige-lac  cwom  *faran  flot-herge  on  fresna  2915 

land  fser  hyne  het-ware  hilde  ge-hnsegdon 

elne  ge-eodon  mid  ofer-rnsegene  ]>cet  se  byrn- 

wiga  bugan  sceolde  feoll  on  feftan  nalles 

frsetwe  geaf  *ealdor  dugofte  us  waes  a  sy^^an  2920 

10     mere-wio-ingas|milts  ungyfe^e.     Ne  ic  te  sweo- 

sibbe  o^^e  treowe  wihte  ne|wene  ac  waes  wide 
Ipcette  ongen^io  ealdre  be-sny^ede  *hae:Scen  2925 

hrejjling  wi'S  lirefna  wudu  fa  for  on-med 
ian  aerest  gesohton  geata  leode  gu^-scil- 
15     fingas.     Sona  him  sejfroda  feeder  oht-heres 

eald  ond  eges-full  hond-slyht  ageaf  *abreot  2930 

briwi-wisan  bryda  heorde  gomela  io-meowlaii 

golde  berofene  onelan  modor  o«c?|oht-heres 

ond'l'Ssi  folgode  feorh-geni^lan  o^^set  hi  o^-eodon 
20     earfo^-lice  *in  hrefnes  holt  hlaford-lease  2935 

besset  ^a  sin-herge  sweorda  lafe  wundur?i  werge 

1  heafod  wearde  AB ;  now  heafo  and  the  upper  part  of  the  following 
d  and  the  top  of  the  second  a  gone  ||  le.ofes  A,  leowes  B ;  now  the  upper 
part  of  /  gone,  and  e  separated  from  s  by  a  tear  ||  la$es  (X  altered  from  d 
with  another  ink  B)  AB ;   now  the  cross  stroke  of  %  gone  ||  ysleodum 
(-um  B)  AB ;  now  all  gone  except  the  greater  part  of  y. 

2  froncwm  A,  Froncum  B ;  now  the  abbreviation  for  m  gone. 

4  s?/<5<$cm]  the  dot  over  n  is  accidental,  and  what  appears  as  a  dot  under 
n  in  the  PS.  is  a  hole  in  the  MS.         &  fresna  A,  Fresna  B ;  now  a  gone. 
6  the  first  stroke  of  r  in  ware  altered  from  a  longer  one. 

10  originally  ingannilts,  but  the  first  stroke  after  a  altered  to  s  \\  sweo 
A,  Sweo  B ;  now  the  greater  part  of  o  gone. 

11  newene  in  the  same  hand  over  the  line,  a  comma  indicating  where 
it  is  to  be  inserted.  12  hceZcen  AB ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  n  gone. 

13  on  med  AB  ;  now  the  bottoms  of  the  first  two  strokes  of  m  and  the 
whole  of  the  last  and  ed  gone,  besides  on  torn. 

14  scil  A,  Scil  B ;  now  I  gone. 

15  oht  lieres  A,  Otheres  B ;  now  s  no  longer  entire. 

17  meowlan  B,  meowla  and  a  blank  A ;   now  n  and  the  greater  part 
of  a  gone.  19  fodon  AB  ;  now  the  last  stroke  of  n  gone. 

21  this  line  ends  too  soon  in  the  FS. 


t^io  d       a^fli  tnt^i  ii^rdi  feftin  0> 

*  *  '  • 


tilaiicefW 
nu 
fnur&  an 


BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  135 

p.  132  =  fol.  193T  =  11.  2937—2964. 
wean  oft  gehet  earmre  teoh-he  ond-longe 
niht  c  wee^  he  on  mergenne  meces  ecgum 

*getan  wolde  sum  on  galg-treowu  to  gamene  2940 

frofor  eft  gelamp  sarig-moduw  somod 
5     ser-dsege  sy'S'San  hie  hyge-laces  horn  and  byman 

gealdor  ongeaton  fa|se|goda  com  *leoda  dugo^e  2945 

on  last  faran.  XLI. 

Wses|sio  swat-swa'Su  swona  o/z<i|geata  waelrses 
weora  wide  gesyne  hu|Ba  folc  mid  hiwz.  fseh^Se 
10     to-wehton.  gewat  him  'Sa  se|goda  mid  his  gaede- 

lingum  *frod  felageomor  faesten  secean  eorl  2950 

ongenjjio  ufor  oncirde  hsefde  hige-laces 

hilde  gefruneii  wlonces  wig-craeft  wtfSres 

ne  truwode  ])cet  he  ssemannu??i  onsacan  mihte 
15     *hea:Soli:Sendum  hord  for-standan  beam  ond  bry-  2955 

de  beah  eft  |>onan.  eald  under  eorS-weall. 

fa  waes  seht  boden  sweona  leodum  segn  hige-lace. 

freo^o-wong  )>one  ford  ofer-eodon  *sy:S:San  2960 

hre^-lingas  to  hagan  )>rungon  J?ser  weartS  on- 
20     genftiow  ecgum  sweorduw.  blonden-fexa  on  bid  wre- 

cen  ]>cet  se  )>eod-cyning  'Safian  sceolde  eafores 

1  wean  oft  AB ;  now  wean  and  the  first  half  of  o  gone,  the  other  half 
and  the  top  of  ft  covered  ||  gehet  AB ;   now  the  upper  part  of  h  gone 
||  earmre  AB ;  now  m  torn,  and  a  small  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  it  gone  || 
teoh  he  AB  ;  now  part  of  the  top  of  t  gone,  the  tops  of  the  two  hs  covered, 
and  the  last  e  indistinct  ||  ond  longe  AB ;  now  only  the  first  o  (so  the  MS., 
not  a),  the  greatest  part  of  n  and  very  little  of  d  left,  the  rest  gone. 

2  niht]  ni  entirely  covered  ||  ecgum]  the  top  of  m  covered. 
4  yVo/or]  only  a  very  small  part  of  the  first  /  covered. 

6  there  is  nothing  in  the  MS.  to  account  for  the  stroke  through  the  e 
of  se  in  the  FS.  ||  only  a  very  small  part  of  e  in  dugoKe  covered. 

8  the  perpendicular  stroke  of  the  big  W  covered. 

9  fatf&e  :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand. 

12  part  of  the  first  o  in  ongen\>io  covered. 

13  hilde  AB;   now  the  first  stroke  of  h  gone,  and  the  second  and 
almost  the  whole  of  i  and  part  of  Id  and  a  very  small  part  of  e  covered. 

14  ne  AB  ;  now  n  gone.  15  /jeufco]  part  of  h  covered. 

16  de~\  only  very  little  of  d  covered. 

17  J?aJ  only  very  little  of  \>  covered. 

20  w  in  ongen%iow  added  over  the  line ;   an  inconsiderable  part  of  g 
covered. 


136  BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS. 

p.  133  =  fol.  rJ4r  =  11.  2964—2990. 

anne  dom  hyne  yrringa  *wulf  won-reding  2965 

wsepne  gerashte  fret  him  for  svvenge  swat  sedruw 

sprong  forS  under  fexe  nses  he  forht 

swa  'Seh  gomela  scilfing  ac  for-geald  hra$e 
5     wyrsan  wrixle  wsel-hlem  fone  *sy^an  'Seod-  2970 

cyning  Jjyder  oncirde.     Ke  meahte  se  snella 

sunu  won-redes  ealdum  ceoiie  hond-slyht 

giofan  ac  he  him  on  heafde  helm  ser  ge-scer 

Tpcet  he  blode  fah  bugan  sceolde  *feoll  on  fol-  2975 

10     dan  nses  he  fsege  J>a|git  ac  he  hyne  ge-wyrp'e 

Jjeah^e  him  wund  hriue  let  se  hearda  hige- 

laces  pegn  brade  mece  J)a|his  broker  Iseg 

eald  sweord  eotonisc  entiscne  helm  *brecan  2980 

ofer  bord-weal  ^a|gebeah  cyning  folcesjhyrde 
15     wses  in  foorh  dropen.  ^a  waeron  monige  J>e|his 

mseg  wri^on  ricone  arserdon  ^a  \i\rn  gerymed 

wearS  Ipcet  hie  wael-stowe  wealdan  moston  *J?en-  2985 

den  reafode  rinc  o'Serne  nam|on  ongen^io 

iren-byrnan  heard  swyrd  hilted  ond  his  helm 
20     somod  hares  hyrste  hige-lace  basr  he  ^S[am] 

frsetwum  feng  ond  him  faagre  gehet  *leana  ...  2990 

2  cedrwm  A,  cedrum  B ;  now  ?<m  torn,  and  a  small  part  of  the  second 
stroke  of  u  gone. 

12  Iceg  AB ;  now  the  lower  part  of  g  gone. 

13  brecctn  AB ;  now  the  second  half  of  a  and  the  whole  of  n  gone. 

14  folces]  I  and  s  torn  ||  hyrde  AB ;  now  e  no  longer  entire  and  very 
much  shrunk  together. 

20  he  tSam]  he  .  d  .  .  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  only  h  and  the  tops  of  e  and 
*  (or  d)  left. 

21  leana  with  a  blank  (.  .  B)  after  it  AB ;   now  also  a  small  part  of 
the  last  a  gone. 


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BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  137 

p.  134  =  fol.  194T  =  11.  2990--3015. 

ond  gelaesta  swa  geald  Jxme  givS-rces  geuta 

dryhten  hret5-les  eafora  J?a|he  to  haw  becom 

iofore  ond  wulfe  mid  ofer-ma^mum  sealde 

hiora  ge-hwse^ru?^  hund  jmsenda  *landes  ond  2995 

5     locenra  beaga  nej'Sorfte  him  ^a  lean  o'S- 

witan  mon  on  middan-gearde  sy'S'Sa  hie|$a 

maer^a  ge-slogon.  ond  fta  iofore  for-geaf 

angan  dohtor  hara-weor^unge  hyldo  to  wedde 

}>cet  ys|sio  fseh'So  ond  se  feond-scipe  *w8el-ntf$  wcra  3000 

10     'Sses'Se  ic  hafo  ])e|us  seceaft  to  sweona  leoda 

syS^an  hie  gefricgea'S  frean  userne  ealdor- 

leasne  Jjone  ^e  ser  geheold  wr5  hettendu??i  hord 

ond  rice  *sefter  hsele'Sa  hryre  hwate  scildingas  3005 

folcred  f remede.  o^Se  furfur  gen  eorl- 
15     scipe  efnde  mejis  ofost  betost  ]>cet  we  ]?eod- 

cyning  ]?8er  sceawian  ond  ]?one  gebringan  ]?e 

us  beagas  geaf  *on  ad-fsere  ne|scel  anes  3010 

hwset  meltan  mid  ]>a??^  modigan  ac  faer  is 

ma^ma  hord  gold  unrime  griwme  gecea- 
20     [po]d  ond  nu  set  si^estan  sylfes  feore  beagas 

[geboh]te  J?a  sceall  brond  fretau  *seled  J»eccean  3015 

1  geata]  part  of  the  second  a  covered. 

2  dryhten  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  the  first  stroke  of  h  very  much 
faded.  3  u  in  ma%mum  altered  from  a  by  erasure. 

6  sytta]  the  upper  part  of  the  second  stroke  of  a  rubbed  a  little,  but 
I  do  not  think  there  ever  was  the  abbreviation  for  n  over  it. 

12  leasne]  the  bottom  of  I  covered. 

13  i  A,  and  B ;   now  gone  [|  rice]  the  lower  part  of  the  first  stroke 
of  r  and  a  small  part  of  the  second  stroke  and  of  i  covered  ||  cefter]  the 
bottom  of  ce  covered.  15  efnde]  f  afterwards  inserted. 

19  madma  (but  5  quite  distinct  in  MS.)  AB ;  there  is  no  telling  how 
much  of  the  first  m  may  be  still  preserved,   only  the  top  of  the  last 
stroke  of  it  not  being  covered. 

20  pod]  a  blank  AB ;  .  .  .  d  Conybeare,  .  .  d  Grundtvig;  now  there  is 
no  making  out  anything  under  the  paper,  but  part  of  d  may  be  still  left. 

21  gebohte"] te  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  te  still  preserved,  but  a  small 

part  of  t  covered. 


138  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  135  =  fol.  195r  =  11.  3015—3041. 

nalles  eorl  wegan  ma^^um  to  ge-myndum 

nelmsegft  scyne  habban  on  healse  bring-  wear 

's  unge  ac  sceal  geomor-mod  golde  bereafod 

oft  nalles  sene  elland  tredan  *nu  se  bere-  3020 

5     wisa  hleahtor  alegde  gamen  ond  gleo-dream 

forSon  sceall  gar  wesan  monig  morgen- 

ceald  mundura  bewunden  hsefen  on  handa 

nalles  hearpan  sweg  wigend  weccean  ac  se 

wonna  brefn  *fus  ofer  fseguw  fela  reor-  3025 

10     dian  earne  secgan  bu  "him  set  sete  speow  fenden 

he|wr<S  wulf  wael  reafode.  swa  se  secg-hwata 
'secg-gende  wses  la^ra  spella  be|ne  leag  fela 

*wyrda  ne|worda.  weorod  eall  aras  eodon  un  3030 

blrSe  under  earna  nses  wollen-teare  wundur 
15     sceawian  fundon  ^a  on  sande  sawul-leasne 

lilim-bed  bealdan  fone  j?e  him  liringas  geaf 

*serran  rnselu?/^  fa|waes  ende-dseg  godu??i  gegongen  3035 

$cet  selgu^-cyning  wedra  peoden  wundor-dea^e 

swealt  aer  hi  fser  ge-segan  syllicran  wiht 
20     wyrm  on  wonge  wi^er-rsehtes  fser  *la:Sne  3040 

licgean  wses|se  leg-draca  grimlic 


1  there  is  nothing  in  the  MS.  to  account  for  the  blot  over  to  iu 
the  FS. 

2  moe^tS]  g  afterwards  inserted  in  the  same  hand.       3  %vnge]ge  torn. 
14  wundur  B,  wundu  A.  ;  now  the  second  stroke  of  r  no  longer  entire, 

and  what  is  left  of  the  letter  has  much  shrunk  together. 
17  u  in  cerrun  altered  from  a  by  erasure. 

20  ia£ne  0  Gt  K]  now  the  lower  part  of  e  gone  ;  la&m  and  a  blank  A, 
ladn  .  .  B. 

21  gryre]  only  9ry  an(i  ^ne  very  beginning  of  the  second  r  left  ;  yry 
and  a  blank  A,  gry  .  .  .  B  (gryre  Thorkelin,  not  corrected  by  C). 


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BEOWULF:  TEANSLITERATION  OF  THE  MS.  139 

p.  136  =  fol.  195V  =  11.  3041— 30G6. 
glechm  be-swaeled  se  wses  fiftiges  fot-ge-mearces 
lang  on  legere  lyft-wynne  heold  nihtes 

hwilu?w  ny'Ser  eft  ge\vat  *dennes  niosian  3045 

wsesl^a  deafte  fsest  hsefde  eor^-scrafa 
5     ende  genyttod  hiin  big  stodan  bunan  ond 
orcas  discas  lagon  ond  dyre  swyrd  omige 

Jmrh-etone  swa  hie  wi$  eor^an  fse^m*])!!-  3050 

send  wintra  J>ser  eardodon.  J>onrce  wses  Ipcet  yrfe 
eacen-crseftig  iu-monna  gold  galdre  be- 
10     wunden  ]>cet  'Sam  hring-sele  hrinan  ne|moste 

gumena  senig  nefne  god  sylfa  *sigora  so^S-  3055 

cyning  sealde  ]>ara  'Se  he  wolde  he  is  manna 
gehyld  hord  openian  efne  swa  hwylcuw 
manna  swa  him  gemet  ftuhte  :/^/      XLII. 
15     TL^a|w8es  gesyne  \ast  se  srS  ne|^ah  \>&m  ^e  unrihte 

inne  gehydde  *wrsece  under  wealle  weard  3060 

ser  of-sloh  feara  su?w-ne  Jia  sio  faeh^  ge- 
wearS  gewrecen  wra^-lice  wundur  hwar 
J)onwe  eorl  ellen-rof  ende  ge-fere.  lif-ge- 

20     sceafta  }on?ie  leng  ne  mseg  *mon  mid  his  3065 

[ma]gu??i  medu-seld  buan  swa  wses  bio-wulfe. 

1  swceled]  the  tops  of  s  and  of  I  covered  ||  fiftiges]  the  top  of  s  covered 
||  fot-ge-mearces]  the  top  of  s  gone,  and  the  tops  of  t  and  ge,  almost  the 
whole  of  c,  and  the  whole  of  the  last  e  and  of  what  is  left  of  s  covered. 

3  sia  in  niosian  torn ;  cf.  FS. 

13  gehyld]  g  torn,  and  the  middle  of  it  as  well  as  the  lower  part  of  eliy 
covered. 

15  the  big  \>  rubbed  a  little  in  two  places  ||  unrihte]  e  almost  entirely 
covered. 

20  sceafta  AB ;  now  the  bottom  of  s  gone,  and  almost  the  whole  of  sc 
and  a  very  small  part  of  e  covered. 

21  ...  gum  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  the  lower  part  of  g  gone,  and  the 
upper  covered  (megum  Thk,  not  corrected  by  0). 


P 


140  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  137  =  fol.  196r  =  11.  3066—3092. 

j?a|he  biorges  weard  sohte  searo-ni'Sas  seolfa 

nelcu'Se  Jmrh  hwset  his  worulde  gedal  weor- 

'San  sceolde.  swa  hit  o'S  domes  daeg  diope  be- 

nem-don  *j?eodnas  msere  fa  ^set  ]?ser  dydon  3070 

5     feet  se  secg  wsere  synnuw  scildig  hergu»t  gehea^e- 

rod  hell-bendui^  fsest  worn-mum  gewitnad  se^une 

wong  strade  n3es|he  gold-hwsete  gearvvor 

hsefde  *agendes  est  ser  ge-sceawod.  wig-laf  3075 

ma^elode  wihstanes  sunu  oft  sceall  eoii 
10     monig  anes  willan  wrsec  a-dreoge^  swa  us  ge- 

worden  is  ne  meahton  we|gelseran  leofne 

feoden  *rices  hyrde  rsed  aenigne  feet  he|nejgrette  3080 

gold-weard  fone  lete  hyne  licgean  pasr  he 

longe  waes  wicuwi  wunian  o^  woruld-ende 
15     heoldon  heah  ge-sceap  hord  ys  ge-sceawod  *gri?»-  3085 

me  ge-gongen  wses  feet  gife^Se  to  swiS  f»e|:5one 

pyder  ontyhte.  Ic  wses  fser  inne  ond  feet  call 

geond-seh  recedes  geatwa  ]?a|me  gerymed 

wses  nealles  swseslice  si^  alyfed  *inn  under  3090 

20     eorft-weall  ic  on  ofoste  ge-feng  micle  mid 

mundum  maegen-byr^enne  hord-gestreona  hider 

4  dydon]  a  hole  in  n.  20  mid]  d  torn. 


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BEOWULF :     TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS.  141 

p.  138  =  fol.  196T  =  11.  3092—3121. 

ut  setbser  cyninge  minura  cwico  waes  J>a|gena 

\vis  ond  ge-wittig  worn  eall  ge-sprsec  *gomol  on  geh'So         3095 

ond  eow-ic  gretan  het  baed  ]>cet  ge|geworhton  sefter 

wines  dsedura  in|bsel-stede  beorh  pone  hean  micelne 
5     ond  maerne  swa  he  manna  wses  wigend  weorS- 

fullost  wide  geond  eorSan  *j>enden  he  burh-  3100 

welan  brucan  moste.     Yton  nu  efstan  o'Sre 

seon  ond  secean  searo-ge-J)raec  wundur  under 

wealle  ic  eow  wisige  Ipcet  ge  genoge  neon  sceawia^ 
10     *beagas  ond  brad  gold  sie  sio  baer  gearo  sedre  ge-  3105 

sefned  Jjonrae  we  ut  cymen  ond  Iponne  geferian  frean 

userne  leofne  mannan  J>ser  he  longe  sceal 

onuses  waldendes  wsere  gej?olian.  *het|^a|gebeodan  3110 

byre  wihstanes  haale  hilde-dior  hsele^a  mo- 
15     negum  bold-agendra  }>cet  hie  bael-wudu  feorran 

feredon  folc-agende  godu?n  to-genes  nu  sceal  gled 

fretan  *weaxan  wonna  leg  wigena  strengel  J>one  3115 

^e  oft  gebad  isern-scure  jjonwe  strsela  storm 

strengu??i  gebseded  scoc  ofer  scild-weall  sceft  nytte 
20     heold  fseder-gearwu?n  fus  flane  full-eode.  *huru  3120 

se  snotra  sunu  wihstanes  acigde  of  corSre 


1  gena  still  entire,  but  partially  covered  (especially  e  and  a). 

2  w  in  luis  certain,  although  not  quite  easy  to  be  made  out  ||  geh%o] 
part  of  h$  and  the  whole  of  o  covered. 

3  the  abbreviation  for  ond  certain. 

4  micelne']  the  second  stroke  of  n  and  the  whole  of  e  covered. 
6  b  in  burh  altered  from  ]>. 

13  n  in  gebeodan  covered. 

14  ~byre~\  the  top  of  b  and  the  dot  over  y  covered,  e  torn. 

17  ]>one\  only  very  little  of  e  covered. 

18  fce  (fc  altered  from  d  with  a  different  ink  B)  AB ;  now  the  top  of  $ 
gone.          gum 

19  stren ;    :  the  correction  in  the  same  hand ;    only  very  little  of  s 
covered  ||  nytte  AB  ;  now  part  of  e  rubbed. 

20  heold  AB  ;  now  he  torn  and  all  but  entirely  covered,  e  is  not  quite 
to  be  made  out  ||  I  think  feeder  never  was/cefcer. 


142  BEOWULF:    TRANSLITERATION    OF    THE    MS. 

p.  139,  11.  1—11  =  fol.  198r,  11.  1—11  =  11.  3121—3136. 
cyniges  fegnas  syfone  [to]-so?rcne  fa|selestan  eode 
eahta  sum  under  inwit-hrof  hilde-rinc  sum  on 
handa  baer  *seled-leoman  se'Se  on  orde  geong  3125 

nsesl'Sa  onhlytme  hwa  \cet  hord  strude  sy^^an 
5     orwearde  senigne  dsel  secgas  gesegon  on  sele 

wunian  Isene  licgan  lyt  eenig  mearn  *]>cet  hi  ofostlic[e]         3130 
ut|geferedon  dyre  magmas  dracan  ec  scufun 
wynn  oier  weall-clif  let-on  weg  niman  nod  fselS- 
mian  frsetwa  hyrde  \od  wses  wunden|gold 

10     on  wsen  hladen  *seghwses  unrini  sejjelinge  boren  3135 

bar  bilde  to  hrones  nsesse  \<**>  XLIII. 

1  cyniges  AB  ;  now  the  dot  over  y  gone  ||  syfone  (/one  with  a  different 
ink)  B,  a  blank  A;  now  torn :  the  s,  although  torn,  and  partially  very 
thin,  is  pretty  perfect,  then  follow  indistinct  traces  of  y,  a  little  more 
is  preserved  of  /  below  the  tear,  o  is  entire  above  the  tear,  n  entire 
below  the  tear,  but  only  uncertain  traces  are  left  of  e  above  the  tear 
||  to  somne]  .  .  .  ne  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  to  entirely  gone  but  the  upper 
part  of  s,  the  top  of  o  with  the  abbreviation  for  ra  over  it,  ana  ne  (only 
the  bottom  of  the  first  stroke  of  n  gone)  still  preserved. 

2  Tiilde  AB  ;  now  the  upper  part  of  h  gone. 

4  strude~\  str  torn  (in  the  FS.  a  small  portion  of  the  first  page  of 
Judith  visible)  ||  sy%$an]  n  torn. 
6  on  sele~\  n  and  s  torn. 

6  Icen  in  Icene  torn  j|  ofostlic  B,  osostlic  A ;  now  part  of  c  gone. 

7  /  in  scufun  torn. 

8  weall  torn  ||  weg  (w  torn),  not  wceg  (cf.  FS.). 

9  after  hyrde  another  hyrde  erased. 

11  I  am  unable  to  decide  whether  there  is  an  erasure  of  one  letter 
after  hilde  or  an  original  blank. 


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BEOWULF:  TRANSLITERATION  OP  THE  MS.  143 

p.  139,  11.  12—21  =  fol.  198r,  11.  12—21  =  11.  3137—3150. 
~TTim  =Sa  gegiredan  geata  leode  ad  on  eorSan 

un-wac-licne  helm  behongen  hilde-borduw 
*beorhtuw  byrnura  swa  he|bena  wses  alegdon  ^a|to  3140 

15     middes  mserne  feoden  heeled  hiofende  hlaford 
leofne  ongunnon  )?a  on  beorge  bsel-fyra 

maest.  wigend  weccan  wud[u]-rec  astah  *sweart  3145 

ofer  swicftole  swogende  let  wope  bewunden  wind- 
blond  ge-lseg  o3  Ipcet  he  fta  ban-hus  gebrocen  hsefde 
20     hat  on  hreftre  higuw  unrote  mod-ceare  msen- 

don  mondryhtnes  cw[e]alni  *swylce  giomor-gyd  3150 

12  $  in  eor%an  torn. 

13  hilde]  the  indistinctness  of  h  in  the  FS.  is  caused  by  a  hole  in  the 
parchment. 

16  hlaford  B,  hlafor  A ;  now  the  greatest  part  of  d  gone. 

18  \>a]  \>  torn  ||  beorge  AB]  now  b  torn,  and  part  of  eo  gone  in  conse 
quence  of  a  hole. 

17  wud  rec  (rec  with  a  different  ink)  A,  wud  .  .  .  ec  B ;  now  w  torn  in 
three  pieces,  and  only  the  tops  of  the  first  u  and  of  d  and  the  second 
stroke  of  r  left ;  the  second  u  is  entirely  gone,  but  e  is  all  but  entire 
(only  the  bottom  gone),  c  is  entire. 

18  let  wope  AB]  now  after  a  distinct  I  traces  of  a  torn  e,  then  follows 
the  bottom  of  a  letter  which  may  have  been  a  t  (or  a  c,  but  by  no  means 
a  g] ;  then  after  a  small  blank  the  bottom  of  iv  and  after  some  space  a 
very  small  part  of  p  and  a  distinct  e  (cf.  FS.)  ||  wind  AB  (nothing  after 
it  in  this  line)]  now  the  lower  part  of  d  a  little  faded. 

19  the  accent  over  the  u  in  hus  doubtful  ||  hcefde  (e  added  with  a 
different  ink)  B,  hcefd  A ;  now  e  and  a  small  part  of  d  gone. 

20  unrote  A,  unrotte  B  ;  now  part  of  te  gone  in  consequence  of  a  hole 
||  mcen]  rnce  torn. 

21  mondryhtnes']  ht  torn  ||  cwealm~\  cw  aln  (w  and  aln  with  a  different 
ink)  A,  .  .  .  Im  B  ;  now  only  the  upper  part  of  c  (torn),  the  top  of  I  and 
the  whole  of  m  (the  first  stroke  torn)  left  ||  swylce  AB ;  now  the  upper 
part  of  sw  gone. 


144  BEOWULF :    TRANSLITERATION   OF   THE    MS. 

p.  140,  11.  1  —  5  =  fol.  198T,  11.  1—5  =  11.  3150—3158. 

::::::  meowle unden  heorde 

. . .  sorg-cearig  ssel'Se  geneahhe  \c&t  hio  hyre 
:::::::  gas  hearde  : : : : :  de  wsel-fylla  wonn 
: : : :  des  egesan  hy^o  :  h  : : : : :  d  heofonrece  31 55 

5     swe[a]lg  geworhton  'Sa  wedra  leode  hi : :  on  li^e  se 

Almost  all  that  is  legible  in  this  page  freshened  up  in  a  late  hand. 

1  nothing  before  unden  heorde  B ;  a  blank  before  unden  liiord  A  ||  I 
do  not  think  that  the  first  word  is  lat,  although  I  do  not  deny  that  the 
late   hand  has  freshened  up   at.     But  I  think  what  the   late  scribe 
took  to  be  t  was  originally  the  upper  part  of  g ;  then  follow  traces  of 
two  letters  which  justify  us  I  think  in  reading  eo,  so  that  we  get  geo- 
meowle.     This  reading  is  confirmed  by  the  word  written  over  meowle, 
which  is  neither  con  nor  on,  but,  without  any  doubt,  (the  Latin)  rmus. 
Now  supposing  that  the  scribe  made  a  mistake  also  in  freshening  up  a 
instead  of  o,  we  may  conjecture  that  the  first  word  was  seo  or  sio  \\  the 
letter  before  unden  cannot  well  have  been  w,  the  traces  of  it  beginning 
too  high  over  the  line  for  that  letter  ;  rather  b  \\  heorde]  now  the  tops  of 
h  and  r  covered,  and  there  is  no  ascertaining  whether  de  is  preserved, 
too,  under  the  paper. 

2  the  beginning  of  this  line  faded  (nothing  AB)  ||  I  read  sorg,  not 
serg  \\  scefee']  scelde  AB ;  now  the  upper  part  of  s  gone,  ce  torn,  %  (not  d) 
certain  (no  illegible  passage  after  it !)  ||  geneahlie~\  .  .  neah  I  .  .  B,  a  blank 
A ;  ge  now  not  quite  distinct,  but  I  have  no  doubt  that  the  e  was  not 
abbreviated. 

3  the  first  two  letters  after  hearde  look  like  on  or  an,  the  letter  before 
de  may  have  been  e,  as  the  stroke  that  generally  connects  e  with  a 
following  letter  is  preserved  ||  ivcel]  the  e-part  of  ce  and  I  not  fresh 
ened  up  ||  fylla]  the  first  letter,  which  is  not  freshened  up,  doubtful 
||  ivonn  (as  in  A),  or  wona  (vona  B). 

4  metodes  ?  I  thought  I  saw  all  those  letters  pretty  distinctly  (except 
the  two  first  strokes  of  ra)  on  the  tenth  of  September  1880,  but  on  no 
other  day.     On  the  12th  of  Sept.,  1882,  I  thought  I  was  able  to  read 
[w~]igendes  \\  egesan]  an  torn ;  the  FS.  shows  part  of  bcel  in  fol  196V. 

5  swealg~\  sealg  AB ;    the  word  is  torn,  and  only  small  parts  of  the 
single  letters  left,  and  even  those  partially  covered.     I  see  the  top  of  s, 
the  bottom  of  w  .(it  is  not  likely,  to  judge  from  the  space,  that  this 
bottom  should  have  belonged  to  s),  a  pretty  perfect  e,  no  a  (but  room 
for  it),  a  pretty  perfect  I  and  the  top  and  bottom  of  g  \\  geworhton]  a 
great  part  of  g,  almost  the  whole  of  e,  and  a  small  part  of  w  covered 
||  I  am  unable  to  make  out  hlcew  after  leode :  the  two  last  letters  seem 
to  me  to  be  rather  eo  \\  li%e  originally,  but  only  lide  freshened  up. 


BEOWULF:   TRANSLITERATION  OF  THE  .MS.  i 

p.  140,  11.  6—21  =  fol.  198T,  11.  6—21  =  11.  3158—3183. 
waes  heah  ond  brad  [wseJgli'Seiidim  wide  g[e]syne  ond  betim 
bredon  on  tyn  dagim  beadurofes  been  bronda 
lafe  wealle  beworhton  swa  hyt  weorS-licost  fore- 
snotre  me?z  findan  mihton  hi  on  beorg  dydon  beg  ond 

10     siglu  eall  swylce  hyrsta  swylce  on  horde  ser  nr3- 
hedige  men  ge-nume?a  hsefdon  forleton  eorla  ge-streon 
eorSan  healdan  gold  on  greote  J>ser  hit  nu|gen  lifa'S 
eldu?ft  swa  unnyt  swa  hi :  :  :  :  r  wses.  |?a  ymbe  hlsew  riodan 
hilde-deore  sejjelinga  beam  ealra  twelfa  woldon 

15     : : :  :  cwrSan  kyning  msenan  wordgyd  wrecan  ond  ymb  w  : : 
sprecan  eahtodan  eorl-scipe  ond  his  ellen-weorc  dugu^um 
demdon  swa  hit  gedeffe]  bi^  ]>cet  mon  his  wine-dryh£e?z  worduw 
herge  ferhSuw  freoge  Iponne  he  for^  scile  of  lachaman 
r : : :  weorSan  swa  begnornodon  geata  leode  hlafordes 

20     : : :  re  heor'S-geneatas  cwsedpn  \cet  he  waere  wyruldcyning 
manna  mildust  ond  monf^wjserust  leodum  li^ost  ond  lof- 

geornost. 

6  wws]  \>ces  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  w  scarcely  legible  ||  wceg]  et  A,  .et  B 
||  letim  Gt  K,  letr  A,  been  B  ;  now  the  two  last  strokes  of  ra  illegible. 

7  bredon]  r  torn  ||  -rofes  MS. ,  but  part  of  e  not  freshened  up,  so  that 
at  first  sight  it  looks  like  i. 

8  lafe]  afe  very  faint  ||/ore]  re  very  faint  (.  .  o  B,  a  blank  A). 

9  snotre  B,  a  blank  A ;  now  s  very  indistinct. 

11  I  read  hedige,  not  hydige. 

12  eorZan]  eo  partially  covered. 

13  riodan]  the  second  stroke  of  -n  covered.  15  word. 

16  sprecan  (except  n)  partially  covered  ||  eorl  AB ;  now  eo  damaged. 

17  gedefe]  only  indistinct  traces  of  de  left,  fe  gone  (gen.  B,  a  blank  A) 
||  U$  B,  a  blank  A;  now  only  the  upper  portion  of  b  and  $,  and  the  top 
of  i  left. 

18  herge]  the  first  stroke  of  h  covered  ||  freoge]  now  the  upper  part  of 
g  and  the  abbreviation  for  e  over  it  gone ;  freogen  B,  freog  A  (abbrevia 
tion  disregarded  in  A,  and  wrongly  expanded  in  B)  ||  fxwne  A,  \>onne  B ; 
now  only  the  bottom  of  \>on  left  ||  laclmman  MS.  (cf.  FS.),  but  there  can 
be  little  doubt  that  lac  instead  of  lie  is  owing  only  to  the  late  hand. 

19  hlafordes  B,  hlafor  A ;  now  e  and  part  of  s  covered,  the  rest  of  a 
gone. 

20  geneatas]  part  of  t  gone  ||  cyning~]  g  and  the  second  stroke  of  the 
preceding  n  covered. 

21  manna]  rn  so  covered  as  not  to  be  made  out  (the  last  letter  a,  not  u] 
||  mondrwrust  A,  mond  .  .  .  rcerust  (the  three  dots  afterwards  struck  out) 
B ;  mon%w  entirely  gone,  and  only  the  very  tops  of  ce  and  of  r  left,  but 
ust  entire  II  /  in  leodum  torn. 


CLAY    AND    TAYLOR,    THE    CHAUCER    PRESS. 


PR 
1580 
A2 
1882 


Beowulf 
Beovmlf 


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Full text of "Beowulf. Autotypes of the unique Cotton MS. Vitellius A 15 in the British Museum. With a transliteration and notes by Julius Zupitza"

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